The article addresses the role of performative practices in the informal camps and shantytowns in southern Italy, where many sub-Saharan migrants live. In these settlements, creation and performative expressions take various forms: an organic and unplanned one, which gives shape to multiple improvised languages; one supported, sustained, and often directed and managed by associations; and finally, one produced by non-migrant artists who see the camps as a challenging field of research to situate their works. These three forms (of/with/on) bring several critical issues concerning the role played by migrants, the dynamics of appropriation and agency, and the power relations with local associations, professional artists, and political activists, which intersect in complex ways. The article addresses these different artistic experiences, considering strategies of self-representation, artistic legitimacy, and authorship. Finally, it analyses how performative practices become a primary political tool for facing spatial segregation and racial discrimination.


XML is a data format available in the Internet and, with increasing popularity, in P2P networks. Here, the nature of XML data, which are intrinsically semi-structured, naturally couples with the topology and structure of P2P networks, which are usually wide and loosely connected. Numerous are the scenarios in which XML and P2P ties together such as Knowledge P2P Management Systems and Advanced P2P Information Retrieval Systems, to mention a few examples. However, there are still many challenges to investigate in order to realize a full-fledged P2P XML Data Management System, among which query performance and support for complex XML queries are the most relevant ones. A solution to these issues could be considering new data models and storage schemes for XML data over P2P networks, along with highly-efficient algorithms for retrieving useful knowledge from large XML repositories across the network. Inspired by these considerations, in this chapter we address the problem of storing and retrieving XML data in a DHT-based P2P network. DHTs are ABSTRACT


Infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) have been linked to increased mortality rates, particularly in patients with hematologic malignancies and those who received allogenic-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.


This study is based on the principles of laws which include the Civil Code Section 184 and 185 for an inspection on the utility patent of "A combination of stuffing and dough with lactic acid bacteria" to investigate the techniques and methods on patent infringement avoidance as a food case report in patent infringement avoidance.


Purpose To demonstrate the time-dependent changes in corneal aberrations after cataract surgery and to analyze the effects of incision location on corneal aberrations. Methods The patients were divided into two groups: group 1 consisted of patients (32 right eyes) who underwent corneal incision at 9 o'clock and paracentesis incision at 3 o'clock; group 2 consisted of patients (30 left eyes) who underwent corneal incision at 3 o'clock and paracentesis incision at 6 o'clock. Corneal high-order aberrations were measured before surgery and 1 day, 3 days, 2 weeks, 1 month, and 2 months after surgery. The changes in corneal aberrations were compared between the two groups. The modulation transfer function and the Strehl ratio were also measured to evaluate visual function after surgery. Results Corneal aberrations on the anterior surface were less affected by cataract surgery than those on the posterior surface, which changed almost in parallel with the total corneal surface aberrations over time. Total higher-order aberrations on the posterior and total corneal surfaces increased significantly at 1 day after surgery compared with the baseline values (p = 0.005 and p < 0.001, respectively, for group 1; p = 0.004 and 0.038, respectively, for group 2) but gradually returned to the baseline by 2 months after surgery (p > 0.05 for both groups). The changes in horizontal coma were in different directions for the two groups. Statistically significant differences were observed in the changes of fourth-order aberrations (p = 0.045) and horizontal coma (p < 0.001) in the posterior corneal surface between the two groups. No statistically significant differences were found for either the modulation transfer function or the Strehl ratio between the two groups. Conclusions After cataract surgery, changes in corneal aberrations occurred mainly on the posterior surface. The location of the corneal incisions affected the changes in corneal aberrations but did not significantly affect the long-term visual quality.


Disclosed Under circuit structure to prevent excessive charging or discharging, the relationship apparatus of the equipment (e.g., a lens driving motor of the digital camera) acts by a protection circuit started successfully start the equipment, such as a digital camera providing a secondary battery circuit device to prevent the lost. A battery body charging circuit device detection protection circuit and the charging and discharging circuit is provided, the protection IC and the protection circuit switch is provided in the detection protection circuit, a voltage stabilizing IC and the voltage stabilizing the charging and discharging circuit of the above IC connected voltage stabilizing circuit switch is provided in the voltage stability is allowed to set value and without the voltage stabilizing IC battery body described above, the aforementioned voltage when the voltage supplied to the cell body is lower than the set value to conduct a stabilization circuit switch. .FIELD 6


Compressional and mechanical properties of lima bean starch were carried out using Heckel plot for compressional test while tensile strength was used for the mechanical properties. From kawakita plot, the value of Pk explains the plastic deformation during compression. From the Heckel plot, the higher the total relative compression density (Da), the denser is the powder in the compression phase especially during die filling.


The purpose. To study in erythrocytes of cows of different level of milk productivity the content of fatty acids (FA) in before- and after-postnatal periods in connection with reproductive function and at injection of extract of aloe. Methods. Chromatographic, statistical. Results. At 25 — 30 th day before calving the ratio of saturated and nonsaturated FA at more productive cows is less than that at less productive ones. Injection of hypodermically extract of aloe at 25 — 30 th day before labors decreases in an organism the content of saturated FA and increases the level of monononsaturated and polynonsaturated FA. At the same time at 5 — 7 th day before calving authentically increases the content of linolic, linolenic, eicozatrienic and eicozateraenic (arachidonic) FA and on 10 — 14 th day after it – the content of linolic, linolenic, eicozatrienic and eicozateraenic (arachidonic), and docozapentaenic. Conclusions. At action of extract of aloe the content of nonsaturated FA in erythrocytes of cows at 5 — 7 th day before calving and on 10 — 14 th day after it increases. The content of polynonsaturated FA increases due to acids  -3 and  -6. Injection of extract of an aloe at 25 — 30 th day before calving positively influences puerperal period, restore of high-grade sexual cycles and


The Author discusses the subject, main problems, the social status of psychology of labour, engineering psychology and ergonomics, a parity of these directions of the Russian science in the second half of the ХХ-the beginning of the XXIst century.


The Cazenove Strategic Bond Fund, managed by Peter Harvey, has returned 22.6% relative to the IMA £ High Yield Sector since launch. The fund is the number one fund in the IMA £ High Yield Sector and is outperforming the IMA £ Corporate Bond Sector and the IMA £ Strategic Bond Sector by 16.3% and 18% respectively*. The distribution yield on the portfolio is currently 7.3% # . Detailed proprietary credit analysis is at the heart of the European credit team's investment process at Cazenove Capital. This approach allows the team to identify opportunities across the credit spectrum. The Cazenove Strategic Bond Fund has complete flexibility to invest across high yield or investment grade bonds. The fund sits within the IMA £ High Yield Sector. Peter Harvey, manager of the Cazenove Strategic Bond Fund, says: 'Despite the dire economic climate, we continue to find many opportunities in the corporate bond market and believe it currently offers better value than gilts. The fund is currently positioned to exploit the many opportunities that lie on the borderline between investment grade and non-investment grade markets. This focus on 'crossover' credit is shown by significant exposure to BBB and BB bonds, issues such as Rio Tinto, Cable & Wireless and Anheuser Busch InBev. The fund is fully diversified across a broad range of sectors, including basic industries, banking, telecom, consumer goods, energy, media, capital goods, utilities and other services.'


The title molecule, C17H18N4S, is not planar, as indicated by the dihedral angle of 27.24 (9)° between the two benzene rings. In the crystal, intermolecular N—H⋯S hydrogen bonds link pairs of molecules into inversion dimers.


At present, Thailand does not have a national governance system for developing a health data standard and coding system, especially drug codes and medicine terminology. There is no single responsible organization and also no mechanism for cooperation among stakeholders to govern medicines terminology. This leads to difficulties of drug information exchange between health service units and drug utilization monitoring and evaluation at the national level. This study proposes a medicines terminology governance model for Thailand by applying a participatory research design. This researcher reviewed the experience from other countries that are very advanced in health information technology (HIT) and then included all stakeholders as participants for interviewing. The interviews were iteratively done until the authors acquired enough data and saturation was reached then synthesized the medicines terminology governance model. The model confirmation step was conducted among forty-five stakeholders in a stakeholder consultation seminar followed by usability testing. The governance model for medicines terminology was presented in three areas: foundation, processes, tools and services. The result demonstrated a responsible organization structure and functions, the collaborative network structure of stakeholders and cooperation process, and suggests tools and services to facilitate users for medicines terminology governance. The usability of the proposed model was evaluated by six professional experts: the policy maker, medicines terminology administrator, drug manufacturer and distributor, health insurance scheme administrator, pharmacists or health care professionals from the hospital and an expert in the national drug control section. In general, the professional experts agreed that the proposed model will suit the context and situation in Thailand.


Hannah Arendt's political thought contains a strong concern on the painful experience of human.Starting from the analysis on the disasters caused by the totalitarian,she points out that the living condition of painful experience is non-public space and the outlet is to create a public space through the action.Such is the generation of Arendt's theory of action.She demonstrates the view above by examining the reason for the failure of the French Revolution.Arendt's theory of action has some limitations,but it is an important reference for the current political practice.


The conformational stabilities of three possible hydrogen bonded complexes of lactonitrile rotamers (A, B, and C) and water have been studied using high-level ab initio calculations. After full geometry optimizations at the second-order Moller-Plesset level of theory (MP2), the bimolecular complexes A-OH...OH 2 , B-OH. ..OH 2 , and C-OH...OH 2 are found to be true energy minima. It is found that rotamers A and B form strongly bonded hydrated complexes with their binding energies calculated between ca. 8.0-9.0 kcal mol - 1 , after correcting for BSSE. This is ∼2.0 kcal mol - 1 higher than the calculated binding energy for the complex C-OH...OH 2 . The geometrical parameters and vibrational spectra of the three complexes are determined and compared with their corresponding isolated moieties. In the three species investigated here there exist a good correlation between the red shift of the OH vibrational stretching mode involved in the hydrogen bonds and the binding energies of the complexes.


Purpose – Given the well-documented outcomes of corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities, tobacco companies that exhibit CSR may be trusted and consumers may hold positive attitudes towards tobacco companies further contributing to and reinforcing smoking behaviours, which is a highly undesired and addictive behaviour. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to understand smokers and non-smokers views of CSR activities by Indonesian tobacco companies. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected from a large private university in Surabaya, Indonesia. There were 191 usable questionnaires with 91.7 per cent male and 8.3 per cent female. The number of smokers and non-smokers were evenly split, 49 per cent smokers and 51 per cent non-smokers which is slightly lower than the 67 per cent of male smokers in Indonesia. Of the 94 smokers in the sample, 69 per cent reported smoking on a daily basis. Findings – The results of this study suggest that CSR activities are able to cultivate favourable images of t...


Specimens of W, Mo and stainless steel were inserted into the first wall equivalent position by using movable material probe system in LHD, and then, exposed to the several sequential helium discharges. After the exposure, very dense helium bubbles and dislocation loops were confirmed in all specimens from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation. It means that the energy of incidence helium particles is sufficiently higher than that of the minimum energy for creating the knock-on damage (Emin) in all specimens (e.g. W; Emin=0.53keV). Majority of such incidence helium particles to the specimens are energetic neutrals created by charge-exchange (CX) collisions [1]. It is known that helium atoms once injected into metals cause more intensive radiation damages than hydrogen atoms, because they have a strong interaction with lattice defects such as vacancies or dislocation loops. Understanding of the effects of charge exchanged helium particles (CX-helium) to the first wall is important for not only the elucidation of materials degradation but also realization of the high performance plasma operations in future fusion devices.


An analysis of the dynamics and prospects of economic development of crop growing in the Urals Federal Region has been carried out.


A relative motion sensor sensing relative vibratory mo tions between two objects comprises a pair of eleon gated members joined to one another at the first extrem ities thereof and respectively include a fastening means disposed at the second extremities thereof opposite to the first extremities for affixing the second extremities to the two objects under the relative vibratory motion. A Piezoelectric element is confined in a space between the two elongated members adjacent to the joined first extremities thereof, wherein the relative vibratory mo tions transmitted to the second extremities of the two elongated members alternately change the pressure exerted on the Piezoelectric element by the two elon gated members and, consequently, the Piezo electric element generates alternating electromotive forces rep resenting the relative vibratory motions.


Making the most of the industrial network to reduce management costs and increase competitiveness has gained a lot of attention among enterprises lately. In traditional market research methods, the approach always puts its emphasis on the data of a single value without considering the complexity of human thoughts. Thus, it is the purpose of this paper to first define fuzzy mode, fuzzy expect value and fuzzy /spl chi//sup 2/test. Then, a new market survey is proposed to develop a more efficient survey analysis to examine the characteristics of fuzzy questionnaire and sample material. A comparison between fuzzy /spl chi//sup 2/ test and traditional /spl chi//sup 2/ test was carried on at the end.


Third-generation based wideband code division multiple access WCDMA systems have been designed for providing multimedia services. But multipath fading and multi-access interference puts a limit on overall system performance. We thus need to analyse the modelling and behaviour of WCDMA system to evaluate system performance. Here, the behaviour of WCDMA system is analysed by Gaussian approximation in which interference and channel noise are generated by the approximations of mean and variance of interferer power. Different kind of fading distributions like Weibull, Rayleigh, Rician and Nakagami is applied to Gaussian approximated WCDMA system to generate faded signal. Simulated results are obtained with BER vs. Eb/no for with and without fading, different average fading power, different number of users and different processing gain. Results show that inclusion of fading, increase in fading power and number of user increases the BER. It only decreases as we increase the system processing gain.


We establish a Hartman-Wintner type theorem for the half-linear second order differential equation (r(t)Φp(x )) + c(t)Φp(x) = 0, Φp(x) := |x| x, p > 1 . This equation is viewed as a perturbation of the non-oscillatory equation (r(t)Φp(x )) + c̃(t)Φp(x) = 0 with c̃(t) 6= 0 eventually.


The cultivar CD 120, developed by the Cooperativa Central de Pesquisa Agricola (COODETEC) is suitable for cultivation in the VCU wheat-producing regions 1 and 2 of the states of Parana, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul. It is tolerant to the major wheat diseases and pre-harvest germination and has soft wheat quality and a 6.5 % higher grain yield (3.678 kg ha-1) than the control.


The increasing requirement for action on climate change in developing countries has led to the inclusion of environmental aspects in microfinance objectives, in addition to social and financial performance, and hence to the appearance of green microfinance. To date, financing for modern energy service has proven to be an attractive option to offset adverse climate change related effects for the poor. This article sheds some light on factors predicting clean energy finance involvement of MFIs. By using a worldwide survey among microfinance institutions on rural lending and IT solutions implemented by YAPU Solutions, this study investigates how institutional characteristics and economic growth relate to green energy micro-credit. The findings provide evidence of a significantly positive relationship between the maturity and business sustainability of an MFI and the likelihood of offering green energy loans. Moreover, MFIs managed by female managers and located in wealthy countries are less willing to commence the finance of green energy.


This article explores the evolution of Venezuela's oil industry during the period 2005–2007 and addresses the related regression in the use of and respect for arbitration in oil industry projects. There has been a major transformation in the form of doing business within the oil sector in Venezuela. From structure and control issues, to the approach the state takes on arbitration, we have seen a 180-degree turn. Venezuela has gone from allowing direct private participation in all major oil activities to restricting those activities to 'Mixed Companies' where the foreign company becomes a minority shareholder. This article first explores the historic background of the Apertura Petrolera in Venezuela, and then recounts the steps taken by Venezuela in the past years (2005–2007) to reverse the Apertura. It then addresses some of the protective measures that companies can consider in similar situations to minimise risks and perhaps even benefit from the process undertaken by the current government. Finally, the article addresses the treatment that has been given to arbitration clauses in the oil business and explores recent developments in Venezuelan arbitration, within that specific context.


Analysis and evaluation to quality and precision of reconstruction model is an important technique in reverse engineering, determining avail and accuracy of reconstruction model. Error analysis and precision evaluation have been done to reconstruction model based on measured mouse data. The origin of error has been gotten, data measuring and processing method which can reduce error have been prompted.


The research on the adaptability and physiological reaction about photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,drought resistance and heat dissipating capacities of turfgrasses after 1990's was reviewed.The existing problems on stress physiology research of the turfgrass were also presented.It pointed out that it was necessary to meliorate on the depth,width,methods and index system of approaches.


The input feedforward path in a DeltaSigma modulator is an attractive technique for low-distortion swing-reduction design. It helps lower the power dissipation, especially in DeltaSigma modulators designed with low oversampling ratios (OSRs) in low-voltage nanometer CMOS technologies. However, a DeltaSigma modulator with analog feedforward (AFF) requires an analog adder before the quantizer, which can limit the achievable resolution or degrade the signal swing and increase the power dissipation. In this paper, a single-stage multibit DeltaSigma modulator with digital feedforward (DFF) is proposed to realize a high-order finite-impulse-response noise transfer function, thereby achieving high signal-to-quantization-noise ratios at low OSRs. Its key features include reduced swing at the opamp outputs, reduced sensitivity to integrator nonlinearities, and robustness to DeltaSigma modulator coefficient variations, all of which are achieved using only minimal additional digital hardware. Behavioral simulation results confirm that the proposed DFF modulator achieves the swing-reduction and low-distortion performance of an AFF modulator, while eliminating the need for an analog adder.


Numerical simulations were conducted of turbulent natural convection in a shallow tetrahedron domain representing the sidearm of a lake or water reservoir. The tetrahedron cavity is a more realistic, three-dimensional approximation of a lake or reservoir sidearm than the two-dimensional triangle cavity often seen in the literature. Lateral temperature gradients exist due to the varying depth of the cavity, resulting in lateral circulation. These flows are important in a reservoir as they can carry with them particles and various pollutants, transporting and mixing them with the central section. Therefore, study in this area is important in water quality management. The simulations use a Cartesian grid with an Immersed Boundary Method for the sloped bottom surfaces. Heat input is through a solar radiation model consisting of a heat flux from the sloped bottom boundaries and an internal heating source term in the body of the water. Also studied is the night time model where cooling is through a heat flux at...


Your editorial suggesting that present college-level physical science courses, chemistry included, are not meeting the needs of the elementary teachers is correct.


The aim of this study was the analysis of the peculiarities of the growth of oak and pine stands in the city of Ufa and its suburbs in the spring by using visual monitoring of the development of leaves of the crown, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and thermal satellite channels in the spectral range of 10.4–12.5 microns. Analysis of cloudless Sentinel-2, Landsat 7 and Landsat 8 images and the ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model Version 2 (GDEM V2) was used. It was found that the oak and pine stands had faster seasonal growth within the urban area than outside the city. It was impossible to fully capture the average daily differences between various areas, including the temperature differences between day-time and night-time temperatures, through the thermal satellite channels. Yet, some temperature differences between various areas can be estimated by using thermal satellite channels.


Accurate and objective monitoring of a fracture's healing process is both essential to patient quality of care, as well as determination of the chances of nonunion and postoperative intervention. In recent years, due to industrialization, injury rates in developing countries, notably road traffic injuries (RTIs), have drastically increased. This has led to many fracture patients in ill- equipped countries, such as Kenya with only 60 orthopedic surgeons for a population of 36.9 million, not having any rigorous rehabilitation protocol or quality postoperative care. This work focuses on the development of a telemetric gait analysis insole that works in conjunction with a mobile application and convolutional neural network. This technique automates the tedious process of tracking postoperative fracture rehabilitation by analyzing ground reaction forces (GRFs) of patients which correlate well with weight-bearing ability, fracture healing, and delayed union. 4 force-sensitive resistors (FSRs) are placed in the insole under the primary areas for force measurement. An Arduino microcontroller compiles the data and sends it to a Python program via a Bluetooth module. The Python program performs peak analysis on the data to determine the average peak Vertical Ground Reaction Force (VGRF) of the strides to measure if a patient is properly healing. As a further step, we employ a 1D-CNN to differentiate between healed and healing patients to automatically find which patients have nonunions. With these methodologies we are able to automatically diagnose rural patients with nonunions based on only ground reaction force measurements at minimal costs and without an on-site physician.


The 15th InternationalWildlife LawConference organized by the StetsonUniversity College of Law's Institute for Biodiversity Law and Policy, the University of Granada Faculty of Law, and the research Project EFFACE took place in the University of Granada on 26 and 27 March 2015. It was a splendid occasion to bring together academia and experts from the five continents to discuss and explore the enforcement of wildlife law at the international, European and national level and, in particular, the current responses to fight wildlife trafficking worldwide. These responses are inadequate to treat the surge of wildlife trafficking involving, at some point in the chain of criminality, every single state of the globe as a source, demand, or transit country. The unstoppable demand for iconic species of flora and fauna around the world has triggered different reactions from international organizations and states that were analyzed in the conference, presenting the initiatives adopted by the European Union and its member states, as well as the possibilities that the mechanisms of control and the promotion of states in compliance with international conventions can offer, using the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora ("CITES") as an example.1Another goal of the conference was to raise awareness about the consequences of wildlife trafficking threatening the existence of endangered species, as well as sustainable development, security, and stability in many areas of the planet. My contribution to this event and to this article is based on the outcomes of the European research project EFFACE—European Union Action to Fight Environmental Crime—which assesses the effectiveness of the European Union's legislation addressing environmental crime2 and, in particular, the European Union's


The aim of this study is to examine the transformation in the death customs and rituals among the Bajau community due to the influence of belief system and Islam. Understanding and signification of the nonverbal symbols in the Bajau death structure represent certain Bajau values from diverse dimensions. Some interrelated theoretical perspective was applied to support the study namely Levi-Strauss' structuralism theory and semiotic theory. The qualitative research utilised the ethnographical thick description approach in order to illustrate and interpret the semiotics that underlined the death custom and ritual among the Bajau of Kota Belud. In line with the ethnographical approach, the data collection is conducted through participant observation and interview. Both death symbol and structure show that the influence of HinduismBuddhism cosmology has coloured and transformed the Bajau cultural practices and rituals which were previously formed based on the animism world. After the Bajau embraced Islam, their world-view and cosmology have changed. Nevertheless, the changes are more evolutionary and inconsistent. Thus, in the


Oracle database is currently the most widely used large-scale databases,database data with the increase of the number of concurrent users increases,the throughput of the system often appears lower,longer response time performance problems,how to effectively optimize and adjust database performance,avoid system bottlenecks and to ensure efficient operation of the base Oracle database.This paper analyzes Oracle database system performance impact factor,we focused on the Oracle10g database system optimization strategy,including the memory area to adjust and optimize disk I/O optimization,disk fragmentation,rollback segment set,CPU performance tuning and optimization of SQL statements and so on,through the introduction of these optimization strategies,hopes to Oracle10g database system for optimum performance.


Background:Some of the patients who have undergone mitral valve surgery may develop into aortic valve disease as time goes on. This study aimed to explore the influencing factors of the long-term outcome of the aortic valve after mitral valve surgery. Methods:Patients who underwent mitral valve surgery from 2010 to 2016 in Zhujiang Hospital were divided into two groups according to the outcome of the aortic valve. Those who had significant aortic valve disease progression after mitral valve surgery were classified into the progression group, and the other patients were classified into the non-progression group. Collected clinical data including echocardiography for statistical analysis. Results:Finally, 144 patients (59 males, 40.97%) were enrolled, with an average age of 50.35 ±11.32 years, and a median follow-up period of 4.2 years. Five related factors were determined by multivariate analysis, including tricuspid ring annuloplasty (p=0.010, OR=0.12), left ventricular diameter (p=0.023, OR=0.93), mild to moderate aortic valve disease (p=0.009, OR=7.17), mitral prosthesis size (p=0.032,=OR=2.51), aortic valve peak velocity (p=0.008, OR=3.99). Conclusions:The progression of aortic valve disease after mitral valve surgery is related to a variety of factors. It may be mainly due to the increase of left ventricular preload and a series of hemodynamic changes after mitral valve surgery. For such patients, a comprehensive consideration is needed to formulate the surgical plan, rather than using the valve area as the sole criterion for determining whether to undergo aortic valve surgery at the same time or not.


3551 Background: The development of non-invasive biomarkers has the potential to revolutionize clinical care for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. The presence of bacteria in CRC tumor biopsies has been shown to contribute to CRC development. In a previous study, our group showed some intra-tumor microbes in CRC tumor biopsies correlated with overall survival in CRC patients. However, the correlations between microbes in tumor vs blood, and between non-invasive serum marker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and microbes are unknown. We hypothesize that tumor microbes will also be found in blood, and that CEA will correlate with certain microbes. Methods: We obtained RNA-seq data from CRC tumor biopsies from patients treated at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center as part of the Oncology Research Information Exchange Network (ORIEN). Reads were aligned to human and exogenous genomes using TopHat2 and Kraken2/Bracken, respectively. RNA-seq from CRC tumor biopsies as well as peripheral blood at the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) consortium were processed by the same method. Results: The analyzed ORIEN cohort included 93 CRC patients with an age range from 30-83 years, 60.2% male, 87.1% adenocarcinoma, and 47.3% with metastatic CRC. The TGCA cohort included 495 CRC patients with an age range from 31-90 years, 53.3% male, 85.1% adenocarcinoma, and 15.5% with metastatic CRC. Over fifteen exogenous phyla (including bacteria, viruses, fungi) were observed in both ORIEN and TCGA cohorts. Several of the samples were dominated by viral sequences while others by bacteria, suggesting considerable tumor microbiome heterogeneity. Evaluation of the fraction of microbes in tumor and blood showed that nearly all the microbes found in blood (97.6%) were also observable in tumor in the TCGA cohort. Microbial abundances of various taxa, including Fusobacterium, significantly correlated between blood and tumor. Several bacteria including members of the genera Bacillus and Staphylococcus were positively associated with tumor stage (metastatic vs non-metastatic), but microbial relative abundances were not correlated with the location of tumor in colon (right, left, transverse colon). Certain microbial species from the ORIEN cohort were found to positively correlate with CEA, (including from the genera Fusobacterium, Lactobacillus, Pseudomonas, Vibrio, Clostridium) and these associations remained when adjusted for alcohol and smoking by multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Nearly all the microbes found in blood were found in tumor and abundances of various taxa were significantly correlated, suggesting that blood-based cancer microbiome analysis has great potential. Serum CEA has a low diagnostic ability when used alone, but combining this with blood microbiome could improve diagnostic/prognostic utility as a non-invasive biomarker.


[Objective] The aim was to compare the content changes between the non-structural carbohydrates(NSC)and the total nitrogen in various growing seasons,and to explore the response relationship between altitude and the contents.[Method] Taking Quercus aquifolioides scrub which widely distributed in Zheduoshan in the west of Sichuan as the experimental objects,the changes between NSC and the toal nitrogen in various growing seasons at different altitude were studied.[Result] The results showed that the content of NSC in Quercus aquifolioides underground increased with the lift of elevation in the dormancy,but decreased in the early germination,growing period and growth stage.The content of NSC in the ground tissue changed non-linearly with increasing elevation.In addition,the total nitrogen of Quercus aquifolioides organizations was decreasing with increasing elevation in the dormant period,which did not change significantly in the other periods.This result implied that the content of NSC in Quercus aquifolioides underground was more sensitive to temperature.[Conclusion] The experiment laid basis for the exploration of the physical and ecological mechanism of underground plants adaptability to highland environment,their response to global climate changes and adjustment to high altitude ecological system.


Current next-generation RNA sequencing methods cannot provide accurate quantification of the population of small RNAs within a sample due to strong sequence-dependent biases in capture, ligation, and amplification during library preparation. We report the development of an RNA sequencing method – AQRNA-seq – that minimizes biases and enables absolute quantification of all small RNA species in a sample mixture. Validation of AQRNA-seq library preparation and data mining algorithms using a 963-member microRNA reference library, RNA oligonucleotide standards of varying lengths, and northern blots demonstrated a direct, linear correlation between sequencing read count and RNA abundance. Application of AQRNA-seq to bacterial tRNA pools, a traditionally hard-to-sequence class of RNAs, revealed 80-fold variation in tRNA isoacceptor copy numbers, patterns of site-specific tRNA fragmentation caused by stress, and quantitative maps of ribonucleoside modifications, all in a single AQRNA-seq experiment. AQRNA-seq thus provides a means to quantitatively map the small RNA landscape in cells and tissues.


This paper builds on recent research examining the impact of finance on economic outcomes. Specifically, it asks whether credit extended to households and firms has an impact on the share of exports in gross domestic product and on the trade balance. The analysis finds that although household credit is not positively related to export shares or trade balances, firm credit is significantly related to both. The relationship with export shares is particularly strong and robust. Higher shares of credit going to firms means a higher export share in gross domestic product and stronger trade balances (any effect of credit on imports is subsumed by the larger effect on exports). Household credit has a negative or insignificant relationship with the trade balance and the share of exports in gross domestic product. Credit may also affect the choice between types of goods produced domestically, not just whether they are produced for export or domestic consumption. The paper finds that household credit has a negative relationship with the share of manufacturing in gross domestic product. Firm credit is positively associated with the share of manufacturing in gross domestic product, while the share of services does not seem to be affected by either.


Bringing two miscible fluids into contact naturally generates strong gradients in surface tension. Here, we investigate such a Marangoni-driven flow by continuously supplying isopropyl alcohol (IPA) on a film of water, using micron-sized droplets of IPA-water mixtures. These droplets create a localized depression in surface tension that leads to the opening of a circular, thin region in the water film. At the edge of the thin region, there is a growing rim that collects the water of the film, reminiscent of Marangoni spreading due to locally deposited surfactants. In contrast to the surfactant case, the driving by IPA-water drops gives rise to a dynamics of the thin zone that is independent of the initial layer thickness. The radius grows as r ∼ t 1/2, which can be explained from a balance between Marangoni and viscous stresses. We derive a scaling law that accurately predicts the influence of the IPA flux as well as the thickness of the thin film at the interior of the spreading front.


Recently, Nemati[1] conducted a study exploring the effects of pranayama on test anxiety in 107 Iranian postgraduate students. Pranayama is central to yoga and one of its most powerful methods for improving people's wellbeing; however, there is relatively little research on its effects on anxiety. Thus, I applaud the work Nemati has done on this important topic. One of the biggest criticisms against current empirical research on yoga is the lack of methodological rigor in many studies. Therefore, yogic researchers must carefully consider their experimental designs if they are to address this criticism and progress the field. It is in this spirit of promoting growth and refinement among yogic research, that I highlight some methodological concerns of the Nemati study.


While referring to the evidence adopted in the Tokyo Guidelines 2007 (TG07) as well as subsequently obtained evidence, further discussion took place on terminology, etiology, and epidemiological data. In particular, new findings have accumulated on the occurrence of symptoms in patients with gallstones, frequency of severe cholecystitis and cholangitis, onset of cholecystitis and cholangitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and medications, mortality rate, and recurrence rate. The primary etiology of acute cholangitis/ cholecystitis is the presence of stones. Next to stones, the most significant etiology of acute cholangitis is benign/ malignant stenosis of the biliary tract. On the other hand, there is another type of acute cholecystitis, acute acalculous cholecystitis, in which stones are not involved as causative factors. Risk factors for acute acalculous cholecystitis include surgery, trauma, burn, and parenteral nutrition. After 2000, the mortality rate of acute cholangitis has been about 10 %, while that of acute cholecystitis has generally been less than 1 %. After the publication of TG07, diagnostic criteria and severity assessment criteria were standardized, and the distribution of cases according to severity and comparison of clinical data among target populations have become more subjective. The concept of Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00534-012-0564-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Y. Kimura (&) Department of Surgical Oncology and Gastroenterological Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S-1, W-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8543, Japan e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com T. Takada F. Miura Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan S. M. Strasberg Section of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA H. A. Pitt Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA D. J. Gouma Department of Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands O. J. Garden Clinical Surgery, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK M. W. Büchler Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany J. A. Windsor Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand T. Mayumi Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Ichinomiya Municipal Hospital, Ichinomiya, Japan M. Yoshida Clinical Research Center Kaken Hospital, International University of Health and Welfare, Ichikawa, Japan R. Higuchi Department of Surgery, Institute of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan T. Gabata Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan 123 J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci (2013) 20:8–23 DOI 10.1007/s00534-012-0564-0


A novel balun manufactured in standard CMOS 0.18 mum is proposed that demonstrates a very large wideband operation. This device achieves this through the use of an external compensating capacitor to counter the effects of parasitic capacitances. An input stage common gate amplifier is then used to improve the return loss and provide additional gain. The fabricated active balun using the proposed circuit shows that the device performs with a 7.5 GHz bandwidth centered at 3.5 GHz. In addition an excellent 15 dB return loss, -5.8 dBm compression point and 12 mW power consumption are also reported.


A speculative capital is the production of market economy and has double functions.It is an important problem of theory and practice to exert its positive function,to restrain its passive function and to prevent its risk.


A DIFFICULTY in the use of oxidising agents for disinfection has always been the waste of the agent occasioned through its consumption by otherwise inert organic and inor ganic matters. But some years ago, while working on the bacterial and general purification of sewage by means of chlorine, I found that the first rapid consumption of chlorine or hypochlorite was succeeded by a slower action which continued for some hours, or even days, and was attended by a germicidal power after free chlorine or hypochlorite had disappeared. In some cases a trace of


The importance of using commercial reagent red cells that always include a homozygous Jk(a + b − ) cell to screen patients′ sera for unexpected antibodies was evaluated. Reagent antibody screening cells consisting of a set of two single donor red cells were used throughout the study. Of 169,791 serum samples tested for unexpected antibodies, sera from 26 patients were found to contain anti-Jka, either alone (17 patients) or in combination with other unexpected antibodies (9 patients). During the first 31 months of the study only 44% of the patients′ sera was screened with sets of red cells that included a Jk(a + b − ) cell: a new anti-Jka was detected for every 9,976 sera tested and for every 5,890 patients transfused a delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction associated with anti-Jka occurred. During the following 20 months, 100% of the patients′ sera was screened with sets of red cells that included a Jk(a + b − ) cell: a new anti-Jka was detected for every 4,377 sera tested (P<0.05) and only one transfusion reaction was associated with anti-Jka after transfusing 12,080 patients. These data suggest that the omission of Jk(a + b − ) red cells from the antibody screening test could result in the failure to detect anti-Jka antibodies, which could potentially result in an increased incidence of hemolytic transfusion reactions associated with anti-Jka. It is recommended that at least one screening cell used for routine antibody detection methods be homozygous Jk(a + b − ).


Bacuri (Platonia insignis Mart.) is a medium to large size tree species, native to the Eastern Amazon, with a great potential for fruit, timber and energy production. The species is economically important in the states of Para, Maranhao and Piaui, where most dense and diverse natural populations are scattered in areas of secondary vegetation. The aim of this study was to identify and observe the practices carried out in systems (extraction, managed and planted), developed by smallholder farmers of the Northeast Region of Pará and Marajo Island, in view of its growing potential for the fruit industry and for the reclamation of degraded areas in Eastern Amazon. The sample consisted of 108 farmers from the Northeast Region of Pará and Marajó Island, all of which were georeferenced, data collected consisted of the availability of bacuri trees in the establishment, the kind of management utilized and kind of practices adopted. It is hoped that with the adoption of the management systems, the transformation of degraded areas into bacuri trees orchards, which could be made possible through the use of specific credit lines. Key-words: Amazon, Family Farmers, Management, System, Platonia insignis,


On the basis of Lagrangian middle-value theorem,use the fundamental methods of calculus to generalize the three conditions of Lagrangian middle-value theorem,and obtain the corresponding conclusions.


ters of the Ritual detail the account of the Elysium, but it is curious to lind that the chapter relating to the amulet necessary to do so comes so much later in the canon than that about the Elysium itself. I t belongs however to a series of amulets apparently not very early and probably introduced about the time of the 19th dynasty certainly not before if so old. To some of these I hope subsequently to refer. S. Birch-


This paper exploits the personal aspects of an individual's eye-movements in dynamic Tetris-playing environments. Effective features representing the players' eye-moving characteristics are extracted, and they are shown to be different across difference players. Delta features are also calculated to present the dynamic changes of the static features. A series of personal identification experiments are performed by using a hidden Markov models (HMM). Our experimental results show that compared with local information, modeling and tracking the dynamic temporal information (i.e., delta features) is of more importance in distinguishing different players' eye-movement. Given a 10-zoid consecutive playing signals (about 30 seconds) we can achieve an identification rate of 82.1% by combining them both.


Because of the raveling property of knitted garments,application of segmentation lines to knitted garment has been a taboo.However,while designing knitted garments,segmentation effect can be effected by fully utilizing the stitch structure and properties of knitted fabrics so that knitted garment will become more versatile and colorful.This paper makes a systematic discussion on segmentation technology in terms of types,modeling method,and use in knitted garments,thus providing a reference for the design and making of women′s knitted wears with segmentation effect.Mastering the use of segmentation method in knitted garments is beneficial to its flexible application and improvement of application efficiency of segmentation method in knitted garments.


We study the radiative decay into γ and a baryon of the SU(3) octet and decuplet of nine and ten resonances that are dynamically generated from the interaction of vector mesons with baryons of the octet and the decuplet respectively. We obtain quite different partial decay widths for the various resonances, and for different charge states of the same resonance, suggesting that the experimental investigation of these radiative decays should bring much information on the nature of these resonances. For the case of baryons of the octet we determine the helicity amplitudes and compare them with experimental data when available.


Brinjal is one of the most popular, nutritional vegetable crops. It plays a vital role in the national economy as a cash crop. Biotechnological applications of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) for improvement of quality and quantity of crop. Tissue culture techniques are largely used for the increasing value of this crop in these days. There is a different combination of different hormones used for in vitro regeneration of brinjal. The hormones 2, 4- D, IAA, BAP, NAA and kinetin used in various combinations with different ratio. Various explants such as stem and leaves were used for regeneration but stem showed better response. Among the treatments 2, 4-D at 2mg/l showed better callus formation. In case of stem, among the different combinations 2.0 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l NAA showed better callus induction formation and also somewhat regeneration. Cytokyanins such as kinetin at 0.5mg/l with combination of Auxin (IAA) 1.5mg/l and coconut water showed highest percentage of direct shoot regeneration. Explants showed direct shoot regeneration after about 4, 5 weeks of inoculation. Moreover regeneration of roots on two different types of media,one is hormone free MS media and other is supplemented with 0.5mg/l IAA occurred but hormone free MS media was most favorable as it has given rooting after about 2 to 3 weeks after shooting.


The promotion of regional commercial and economic cooperation has been one of the oldest and most belabored objectives of inter-American relations. Although the American republics have recently pursued free trade with great impetus (both at the sub-regional and regional levels), they have had a very long history of negotiations about economic cooperation and commercial integration, a history that actually precedes the formal emergence of the Pan-American Movement in 1889-90. As the events detailed in this study will show, the recent effort of the American Republics to turn the Western Hemisphere into a regional free-trade area is, in fact, the newest phase of the painfully slow and difficult evolution of commercial and economic themes in the Inter-American System.


The trend to high-head schemes has meant that not only have new design techniques been needed, but also engineering practice has had to be developed to meet increasingly stringent requirements. In addition, some unusual features of new machines were encountered for the first time.


When people think about how a situation might have turned out differently, they tend to imagine counterfactual alternatives to their actions. We report the results of three experiments which show that people imagine alternatives to actions differently when they know about a reason for the action. The first experiment (n = 36) compared reason – action sequences to cause – effect sequences. It showed that people do not imagine alternatives to reasons in the way they imagine alternatives to causes: they imagine an alternative to an action more than an effect, and to a cause more than a reason. The second experiment (n = 214) and the third experiment (n = 190) both show that different sorts of reasons have different sorts of effects on how people imagine alternatives to actions. People imagine an alternative to an action (the protagonist went to a ball) less often when they know the reason for the action was an obligation (he had to participate in fundraising) compared to when they know about a weaker reason (he wanted to meet a famous violinist) or no reason. The second experiment shows the effect for a social obligation and the third experiment replicates and extends it to a health obligation. We interpret the results in terms of the possibilities that people keep in mind about actions and their reasons.


We study a moving boundary problem modeling the growth of multicellular spheroids or in vitro tumors. This model consists of two elliptic equations describing the concentration of a nutrient and the distribution of the internal pressure in the tumor's body, respectively. The driving mechanism of the evolution of the tumor surface is governed by Darcy's law. Finally surface tension effects on the moving boundary are taken into account which are considered to counterbalance the internal pressure. To put our analysis on a solid basis, we first state a local well-posedness result for general initial data. However, the main purpose of our study is the investigation of the asymptotic behaviour of solutions as time goes to infinity. As a result of a centre manifold analysis, we prove that if the initial domain is sufficiently close to a Euclidean ball in the C m+μ-norm with m ≥ 3 and μ ∈ (0,1), then the solution exists globally and the corresponding domains converge exponentially fast to some (possibly shifted) ball, provided the surface tension coefficient γ is larger than a positive threshold value γ*. In the case 0 < γ < γ* the radially symmetric equilibrium is unstable.


Comparing the distribution of rural and urban residents' incomes we find negative correlations between the Gini coefficient and national economic growth. Unevenly distributed individual incomes hamper a country's economic development. Great income disparities divert the populace's expenditure to dietary items,


A 10MHz self-adaptive on-time controlled buck DC-DC converter with optimized efficiency over full load range is presented. A low-cost passive ripple compensation scheme (PRC) and a self-adaptive on-time generator (SAOTG) are proposed to solve the system stability and frequency variation problem. Meanwhile automatic power transistor sizing (APTS) technique is used to improve the overall efficiency especially in heavy load. The converter has been implemented in 2P4M 0.35μm CMOS process. The measurement results show that the output ripple is smaller than 10mV and the overshoot of load transient response is realized as small as 8mV @ 200mA step. With APTS technique in ultra heavy load and PFM control in light load, the efficiency keeps over 81% for load range from 20mA to 1500mA and the peak efficiency reaches 88.43%.


BACKGROUND
The evidence regarding genotypic characteristics of Echinococcus granulosus infection in humans worldwide is scarce.

AIM
To develop a synthesis of the available evidence regarding genotypes of E. granulosus verified in humans worldwide.

METHODS
Systematic review. Articles related with genotypes of E. granulosus, in humans, without language neither genotyped method restriction, published between 1990-2019 were included. A systematic in WoS, EMBASE, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Trip Database, BIREME, SciELO, LILACS, IBECS, and PAHO-WHO was carried out. In study variables were year of publication, country, number of samples, host and parasite organs, genotype identified, molecular marker and genes. Descriptive statistics were applied.

RESULTS
701 related articles were identified; 62 fulfilled selection criteria, representing 1,511 samples. The existing evidence was published between 1994 and 2019; and mainly comes from Iran (45.2%). The most commonly used sequencing method was PCR amplification and Sanger type sequencing with partial or total genotyping of the cox1 gene. Genotyped method most frequently used was cox1 (79,0%). Genotypes most frequently identified were G1 and G1/G3 complex (49.1% and 32.2%).

CONCLUSIONS
Publications related to genotypes of Eg in humans are scarce, heterogeneous, and presenting differing results. Eg G1/G3 accounts for most of the global burden worldwide.


ABSTRACT The present study aims to purpose prediction models for the removal of nitrate and phosphate applyingclinoptilolite nanoparticles treated with basic (NaOH, NH3, NH4OH), salt (NaCl, KCl, AlCl3) and acidic (HNO3, H2SO4, C7H6O3, HCl) solutions from aqueous solutions. To investigate the physicochemical properties of natural and modified clinoptilolite, several methods were used including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer. Furthermore, the response surface methodology with central composite design analysis (RSM-CCD) was performed to optimise critical parameters, namely initial pH, adsorbent dosage and pollutants concentrate, which are shown in D/C ratio (adsorbent dosage per initial concentration of pollutant) [(mg)adsorbent/(mg/L)initial] for obtaining maximum removal. The results indicated that the most favourable removal of nitrate was 96.98% at pH = 5.77 and D/C = 31.64 by using adsorbent modified with H2SO4 and NaCl solution (Z13). To geta phosphate removal of 99.12%, the adsorbent Z13 was also the best under optimal conditions of pH = 6.39 and D/C = 88.75. The experimental data and the adsorption process were also analysed and the Sips isotherm model adapted to the two adsorptions of pollutants. The kinetic study including pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order were also investigated to find out the adsorption mechanism.


A crisis refers to some sort of disruption of established practices, routines, or procedures occurring whenever a risk has been realized (Battistelli & Galantino 2019; Beck 1986, 2006). For social actors exposed to crisis in the labor market, this means that they will have to navigate some sort of uncertainty, trying to respond to the consequences unfolding in their surroundings as well as in their own activities (Aven & Renn 2009, p. 1). As they navigate a crisis, they will have to assess further vulnerabilities and damages for their own businesses and the variety of societal values that they adhere to, seeking out opportunities to manage both risks and prospects (Bundy et al. 2017). Doing so nevertheless is difficult and leaves social actors with a variety of tensions that they must address. Historically, researchers have linked the Nordic labor markets with strong social partners (employers' associations, trade unions, and the state), able and willing to tackle such tensions. Due to high coverage by collective agreements and supportive welfare state arrangements, they have been able both to contribute to institutional stability and support adaption and changes (Alsos & Dølvik 2021; Andersen et al. 2014; Campbell et al. 2006; Kjellberg 2023). In the wake of, for instance, the recent COVID-19 crisis and the ongoing digital transformation of work, research as well as policy and public debates have nevertheless indicated that we may face new types of critical challenges in today's society. It is important to point out that these challenges display a great variation. For instance, current crises often seem to be global in scale – for example, climate change, digitalization, and the coronavirus pandemic – making it difficult for national-level actors to handle the consequences on their own (Beck 2006). Also, some of the crises seem to have the character of a chock occurring at a specific point in time (e.g., a financial crisis, the pandemic), whereas others have been here for years and will last far into the future (e.g., climate change), although they might change gears on the way and interact with other types of crises (Björck 2016; Enggaard et al. 2023). In addition, the nature of these challenges has to do with the strategic choices of the social partners,


This article describes the application of the Doppler principle to the measurement of detonation velocity with three‐centimeter electromagnetic radiation. The method makes use of the ionized wave front in detonation as a moving reflecting surface for electromagnetic waves. Detonation velocities for four different solid explosives were calculated from the observed Doppler frequencies and the indices of refraction, which were measured by a microwave interferometer. Complexities in the observed Doppler patterns come about because the cylindrical charges act as multimode dielectric wave guides.


Principles of Economics Marshall implicitly assumed that a consumer's income-utility function is the sum of independent commodity-utility functions (Stigler 1950a, p. 326; p. 326, n. 103; p. 327, n. 104), a condition that will be described as the assumption of additive utilities. In the second edition, his assumption of additive utilities became explicit in reference to "the every-day facts of economic life" and to the demand for


by Brian Sawyer Department ofPhysics Fulbright College of Arts and Sciences Mentor: Dr. Reeta Vyas Department of Physics A.~ the size and prox1m1ty of components on modern computer chips approaches quantum mechaizical limits, various novel solutions have been proposed to ensure further increases in processing speed atui reliability. Of these. small semiconductor devices called quantum dots may constitute the logic gates £!/ future quantum computers processors taking advantage of phenomena such as entanglement and quantum te/eporlation to enable ultra-fast computation speeds. Quantum dots behave much like designer atoms in that their absorption/emission energies can be adjusted lo desired values. A quantum mechanical model (?! semiconductor quantum dots having equal size (md interacting with a single-mode electric field tuned to some fraction of the transition .frequency has been developed Due to the similarities between two-level atoms and quantum dots, techniques common in quantum optics have been employed to describe the time evolution of the resulting exciton-field system. it is assumed thai the quantum dots are initially prepared in a Bell entangled state and that the .field is in a coherent state. Collapse and revival in the entanglement are found when the mean photon number r~f the coherent state is very large.


One approach to experimentally verifying that collapses occur is to nonperturbatively observe the gas and monitor N, over time. In principle, phase-contrast imaging techniques can be used to make such observations, by illuminating the cloud with a weak, far-detuned probe laser. However, because l, is relatively small, a probe that is sufficiently weak to avoid perturbing the atoms does not provide a large enough signal to accurately determine N,. This difficulty can be circumvented by sacrificing imaging resolution and measuring instead the total number of trapped atoms in the cloud. Collapses are then detected as discontinuous drops in the signal. We have implemented this detection scheme and are attempting to observe collapses and measure their frequency.


This Paper Show Monetary Policy Rules That Partially Accommodate Price Increases Can Worsen Both Price and Output Variability, Contrary to the Conventional Wisdom of Models with Staggered Contracts and Rational Expectations. This Phenomenon Is of Particular Interest Given Evidence From a Sample of Twelve Countries That Shows That Prior to the 1973 Oil Price Shock There Seems to Have Been a Positive Relationship Between Price and Output Variability.


Chronic disease is a degenerative disease that affects individuals for more than 6 months. Degenerative and chronic diseases that are common in Indonesian society today include hypertension. This disease requires continuous treatment. Treatment is not only done while in the hospital but also requires further medication and care at home. Families with family members who have a history of chronic disease, one of which is the problem of ineffective health management. One of the interventions that nurses can do is decision support. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of decision-making support interventions on ineffective health management problems. The design of this research is a case study with a nursing care approach. The case study subjects were 2 families who had family members with a history of hypertension. Enforcement of the problem refers to the definition of major and minor symptoms. The results showed that there was an increase in health management from moderately declining to sufficiently increasing with 3 days of management. Effective decision-making support interventions to address health management problems are ineffective.Chronic diseaseineffective health managementDecision-making support


A wideband optical detector has been developed to determine the time characteristics of optical radiation from daytime lightning. A feature of the device is its ability to discriminate relatively low level long duration (500 ms) pulses due to lightning against a background illumination of up to 13,000 lx. This allows the characteristics of continuing currents to be investigated even in bright sunlit conditions.


Celestial navigation system (CNS) and X-ray pulsar-based navigation (XNAV) are two kinds of autonomous navigation methods for spacecraft. Because these two methods are complementary, CNS/XNAV integrated navigation is a feasible solution to improve the navigation accuracy and reliability. However, the pulsar's direction has a great impact on the navigation accuracy of CNS/XNAV integrated navigation because of the existence of measurement errors. In this paper, the analytic expression of the estimation errors of CNS/XNAV integrated navigation is deduced, based on which the impact of the pulsar's direction on the estimation errors is analyzed. A modified observability analysis method on the basis of the unscented Kalman filter is presented and applied to give the quantitative index of the pulsar's direction, whose observability matrix is constructed by the equivalent state transition matrix and measurement matrix. The equivalent state transition matrix is obtained through sigma points, and the equivalent measurement matrix is acquired with the help of the cross-covariance matrix and the predicted covariance matrix. Simulations demonstrate that the position and velocity estimation errors of CNS/XNAV integrated navigation increase exponentially with the angle between the pulsar's direction and the target body's direction. Both the error analysis method and the observability analysis method have been verified as suitable and effective for the analysis of the best choice for a pulsar in the CNS/XNAV integrated navigation system.


The modification mechanism of lanthanum on alumina inclusions in a nonoriented electrical steel at 1600 °C is investigated using laboratory experiments. Inclusions are analyzed using an automatic scanning electron microscope equipped with energy‐dispersive spectrum at 1, 5, 10, and 30 min after lanthanum treatment. The contents of total oxygen (TO), total sulfur (TS), and total lanthanum (TLa) in steel are analyzed. Results show that Al2O3 inclusions are modified by lanthanum in two ways. One is that the dissolved lanthanum directly reduces the aluminum in Al2O3 inclusions and forms LaAl11O18 or LaAlO3 ones. The other is that a new La2O2S or LaS x shell is preferentially generated at the outside of Al2O3 and forms multiphase inclusions. With time increasing, the La2O2S or LaS x shell gradually reacts with the Al2O3 core and generates stable lanthanum‐containing inclusions. At the initial stage of lanthanum treatment, many transient inclusions including LaS x , La2O2S, and La–P(–As) are formed due to the high concentration of lanthanum, while gradually redissolving with time increasing. With the increase in TLa content in steel, the formation sequence of stable inclusions is Al2O3 → LaAl11O18 → LaAlO3 → La2O2S → LaS x , which is consistent with thermodynamic analysis.


Development of antenna sensors is attractive for environment monitoring due to widely distributed readout devices, such as smartphones, tablets, etc. However, the remaining challenge is how to realize quantitative detection of a designated concentration of analyte. Herein, we present a scheme using received signal strength indicator (RSSI) for quantitative power-oriented sensing based on an omnidirectional antenna sensor. The bluetooth-enabled antenna sensor was made by mechanical abrasion of a 2B pencil to form a stripe of graphitic coating on a printed silver dipole antenna. The RSSI evaluation model was used to acquire different concentration levels of humidity. The experimental results are consistent with the simulation outcomes.


Thank you for downloading a picture of shakespeares tragedies. As you may know, people have look hundreds times for their chosen readings like this a picture of shakespeares tragedies, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some malicious bugs inside their laptop. a picture of shakespeares tragedies is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our digital library hosts in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the a picture of shakespeares tragedies is universally compatible with any devices to read.


There is an important need for good animal models of the larynx for the study of the physiology of phonation. The dog's larynx has been used as an animal model for more than 2 centuries of phonatory research. However, there is some evidence that the pig larynx has advantages over the dog larynx as a model of phonation. Another larynx that is readily available is the deer larynx. In this comparative study, the laryngeal anatomy and function were examined in 4 species — human, pig, dog, and white-tailed deer. Particular attention was directed to those structures that one would predict could affect phonation, from the anatomic and biomechanical point of view. Although the vocal fold length was similar for all 4 species, the larynges described differed in some phonation-related characteristics. The data suggest that from a structural perspective, the pig larynx is a superior model for phonatory research.


T objective of this study was to determine the effects of unconventional diets on feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion and body composition characteristics of Holstein calves. Twenty male Holstein calves (average weight 147 kg) were allotted to one of the four diets containing: 1) 25% wheat straw (straw-based diet); 2) 25% cardboard (CB-based diet); 3) 25% date palm leaves (DPL-based diet); and 4) 25% protein-enriched fermented fodder (PEFF-based diet). Average daily gain (ADG) was the highest (0.87 kg) on the CB-based diet and the lowest (0.53 kg) on the straw-based diet. Average daily feed intake (ADFI) was the highest (4.9 kg) on the CB-based diet and the lowest (4.5 kg) on the PEFF-based diet, and FC (ADFI/ADG) was the lowest (5.9 kg) on the CB-based diet and the highest (8.7 kg) was on the straw-based diet. The effect of diets on carcass weight, dressing percentage and skin weight was significant (P<0.05). The results revealed good approach of feeding dairy calves on CB-based diets.


In this paper, three dimensional temperature field in an entire automobile claw-pole generator is studied. Based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) principles of limited volume, the mathematical model equations including the three-dimensional turbulence flows and heat transfer describing the entire generator heat and rotor high-speed rotation are solved. The finite element method is used and the entire generator model is meshed using bend surface tetrahedral grid. Finally, the simulated results of the three-dimensional temperature distribution in the generator are presented at rated load. The paper is helpful to guide the automotive generator design.


The contributions of metabolic acidosis, coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) and adrenergic support to left ventricular performance during hemorrhagic shock at aortic pressure (AP) of 30 ± 5 mm Hg were evaluated in cats in which AP, cardiac output (CO), and heart rate (HR) were controlled, and arterial pH, Po2 and Pco2 were continuously monitored. After 2 hours of shock, the stroke volume (SV), ejected at end-diastolic pressure of 10 cm H2O (SV10), was irreversibly reduced to 46 ± 4% (P < .001) of initial values (arterial pH 6.93 ± .05). In control animals SV10 after 2 hours was 86 ± 6% (pH 7.32 ± .07). Eight animals were subject to shock, but their CPP was held at 100 mm Hg. These showed no difference in SV10 from controls after 2 hours, although the pH had fallen to 6.90 ± .05. Reduction of CPP in these animals without correction of pH resulted in a rapid fall of SV10. In 10 animals subjected to shock for 2 hours, the arterial pH was maintained near 7.40 by infusion of Tris buffer. Five showed no greater reduction of SV10 than the controls, and five became severely depressed. In five cats subjected to beta-receptor blockade, hemorrhagic shock (pH 7.40) produced a rapid fall of SV10 which initially could be reversed by reelevation of AP. In less than 15 minutes, the SV10 depression became irreversible. Thus, shock (2 hours) and associated metabolic acidosis is detrimental to ventricular contractility only if CPP is also reduced. The contribution of acidosis may be related to the amount of sympathetic support during shock. With beta-receptor blockade, shock results in a marked reduction in SV10, even in the absence of metabolic acidosis.


This study aims to find out what are the obstacles faced in managing archives in the administration section and the things that are done to optimize the management of inactive dynamic records. The method in this research is qualitative and data collection is obtained by observation, interview, and documentation methods. The results of this study indicate that the management of archives in the Administration of Vocational High Schools has not been carried out optimally because there are still obstacles such as manual information systems in managing archives, uncluttered workspace layout, limited archive storage space, limitation of supporting infrastructure for archiving. and limited human resources in managing records. Based on the results of these studies, the archive management system is still not optimal and needs to be paid attention by the leadership so that archive management can be well organized and effective.


This study is based on fieldwork conducted in Ward 5 Guruve District of Mashonaland Central, Zimbabwe. Conservation farming (CF) has been widely embraced as an antidote to the perennial food insecurity situation, bedeviling drought prone regions in Zimbabwe, such as Guruve district and in Africa at large. Despite widespread promotion of CF among smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe, there has been some dis-adoption of CF by some farmers who originally participated in CF promotions. This study therefore seeks to evaluate the sustainability of conservation farming as an alternative solution to the threatened food security of smallholder farmers. The study therefore determines the socio-economic factors that influence adoption, continuation or discontinuation with conservation farming. It also establishes whether differences exist in terms of socio-economic attributes among farmers who continued and those who discontinued CF. In addition, the study also investigates the profitability of conservation farming practice compared to conventional farming practice. A combination of descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis, and logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the sustainability of conservation farming. Primary data collected through household interviews was used. A structured questionnaire was administered to a total of 90 randomly selected households comprised of three equal categories of farmers namely those that continued CF, discontinued CF and those who never practiced CF. In addition, secondary data was also used in the study.
The study revealed the existence of partial differences and similarities in socio-economic attributes among the three categories of farmers. The most important factors that significantly influence adoption of CF are: number of cattle owned, household labour and maize output. On the other hand, factors that significantly affect continuation/discontinuation with CF are: education of household head, number of cattle owned, access to credit and maize output. Gross margin analysis results showed that maize production using CF practice is significantly more profitable compared to conventional farming hence it is a sustainable farming practice that can be recommended for increasing crop output among smallholder farmers.
It was concluded that conservation farming practice among smallholder can be sustained if the issue of access to credit is addressed, household heads are equipped with education on the importance of CF, CF is promoted with user friendly farm implements to replace draft power shortage and maize output from the CF plot remains significantly higher than that obtained from conventional plot. Anything short of this will result in unsustainable CF. However, the challenge might be that of limited capacity by the government, the private sector and NGOs to continuously provide input support to smallholder farmers in large numbers and hence posing a threat to the sustainability of CF.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to conduct research with children, who have different abilities from adults, in terms of language understanding and level of attention, is a challenging task, especially concerning novel interactive systems such as social robots. Consequently, self-reporting methods are often replaced or supplemented by observational methods that are usually carried out taking advantage of video recordings. However, some limitations make this approach challenging for studies conducted with groups of children in real-world environments, whose relevance is being addressed more and more frequently in human-robot interaction (HRI) research. Thus, there is a growing need for rigorous observation approaches in unstructured test environments.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper presents an alternative analysis approach, in relation to an experimental child-robot interaction (CRI) application, which was developed at the Academy of Arts and Design, Tsinghua University, China. The proposed methodology is based on the analysis of video recordings of in-wild activities of children with a robot. The methodology has the aim of providing a framework to facilitate knowledge identification and structuring. It was implemented for experiment evaluation and validation purposes and to propose a reference structure for the organization of new experiments and the stimulation of new ideas and activities in the design process.

Findings
This methodology provides a logical structure, which can be used to identify the effectiveness or limits of design choices, pertaining to such aspects as the morphology or movement of robots or the choice of their specific role in education, all of which play crucial roles in the design process and could be improved to achieve better results. This structured identification is a practical implication for the design process, above all when it is oriented toward social robots and their interaction with children or elderly senile people. In this case, the outcomes were the identification of important elements of an experiment (psychological profiles of the involved children and possible problems or risks) and their impact on the design process.

Originality/value
The methodological approach, which structures and uses cognitive maps to elaborate multicriteria evaluation models, is not new to the operations research field (where it is defined as a multimethodology application of Soft OR), but it has not yet been applied in the field of HRI studies, to analyze children's perception of a robot and to identify the factors that can affect a good CRI or to structure knowledge that can be shared to guide the design process of robots for the experience of children playing.


understand the factors that control the thermodynamic and kinetic stability and selectivity of the crown ether complexes for a wide variety of cations, including alkali and alkaline earth metals.1 18-Crown-6 (1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadecane, 18C6) has been the subject of considerable interest in recent years. According to our recent work,2 18C6 was found to form several types of complexes with Cs+ in solution. As a part of serial studies on 18C6 with alkali metal ions, the crystal structure of the Cs+ complex with 18C6 is presented here. Cesium iodide (0.259 g) and 18-crown-6 (0.264 g) were dissolved in methanol. Slow evaporation yielded crystals suitable for an X-ray analysis. The crystal and experimental data are listed in Table 1. The structure was solved by a direct method. An absorption correction was applied. All non-H atoms were refined with anisotropic displacement parameters. The hydrogen atoms in the crown ether were placed at their idealized positions and included in a structure-factor calculation with fixed isotropic thermal parameters (Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C)). The positions of the hydrogen atoms of water molecules were not calculated. The atomic coordinates for non-hydrogen atoms are given in Table 2. The bond distances and angles are listed in Table 3. An ORTEP drawing and the atomic-numbering system of the title compound is shown in Fig. 1. Two Cs+(18C6) units are bridged by two iodides. An H2O molecule (O1W) additionally participates in the coordination of the Cs+, and also shares the 573 ANALYTICAL SCIENCES APRIL 2001, VOL. 17 2001 © The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry


The perception of taste is determined by several factors, one of them are the genetic ones. The genetic factors are referred to the polymorphism of the single nucleotide(SPNs) that are located in the sequence of the encoding genes to the taste receptors. It has been found, that two of the SNPs: rs307355 and the rs35744813 of the gene TAS1R3 influence in the variation of the sweet taste perception. These kind of SNPs are located in the regulator zone of the genetic sequence. This affects the promoter activity, diminishing the mRNA and the quantity of the molecules of the receptor TAS1R3 that are inside the receptors of taste cells. A study made before in European, Asian and African people, concluded that the T allele of both polymorphisms reduced the perception of the sucrose. The objective of this research was to evaluate the phenotypic, alelic and haplotype frequencies of the polymorphisms rs307355 and rs35744813 of the TAS1R3 gene. How all of these frequencies affects in the sweet perception in ecuadorian people (n=110). Also, It has evaluated the detection threshold with the sucrose consumption. There were also some data about certain habits, diseases and familiar records that could influence in the perception of the sweet flavor. The genotypic frequencies demonstrated that the presence of T allele of the polymorphism rs35744813, affects the perception sensitivity the highly concentrated saccharose (1 and 1,5%) (p=0,008 and p=0,002). The analysis of the haplotypes revealed the influence on the saccharose perception in 1,5% (p=0,018). There is no significant relationship between the habits and the saccharose perception. (p>0,05). However, it existed a significance between the familiar disease records and the media saccharose perception (0,5%) (p=0,022). We can conclude that ecuadorian people that have T allele s35744813 of the TAS1R3 gene are affected in their perception of the sweet flavor. Finally, the frequencies were very similar to the european population. Which is because of the genetic influence that ecuadorian people have because of the miscegenation. We have achieved the teoric knowledge about the genetic influence in the perception of the sweet flavor. With this research, we apport to the knowledge of the food habits and its impact on the human health.


BACKGROUND: Internal fixation is a common method of fracture treatment with proven benefits. Complications do however occasionally occur. This study was aimed at reviewing internal fixation in our hospital and attendant complications with a view to identifying measures necessary to improve outcome. METHODS: This is a retrospective study of internal fixation over a four year period at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital. Patient records were retrieved and appropriate information extracted including attendant post operative complications. RESULTS: One hundred and fifty patients had internal fixation during the study period but case notes of only 115 patients could be retrieved. Most patients were males with male to female ratio of 2.3:1. The mean age of patients was 33.78±16.1 years and the mean duration of surgery was 2±0.76 hours. Plate and screws constituted the most commonly used implants. Interval between surgery and fracture union was increased by long operation time (> 2hrs) and occurrence of post operative complications. CONCLUSION: Improvement in operating facilities and choice of implants would reduce operation time and post operative complications thereby impacting positively on fracture union time. Achieving this will require a paradigm shift in the allocation of health resources.


Measuring the power density of the Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR), or Radio frequency radiation, emitted from the mobile base station (transmitting mast) during three days event of Formula 1 Race in 4th, 5th and 6th April 2008 at Bahrain International Circuit, Kingdom of Bahrain, revealed that the exposure to EMR is much lower than the allowable limit set by several professional organization (seven organizations); it represents less than 0.1%. The instantaneous recorded power density at distances 160 m, 230 m and 300 m from the transmitting mast were, on average, 46.5 µW/m 2 , 86.8 µW/m 2 , 395.8 µW/m 2 , respectively. The highest recorded instantons power density during the whole event was 901 µW/m 2 and was on Sunday afternoon of 6 th April 2008, where it was the winner announcing day. The long- term recorded power density during this international event shows lots of variation during this 90 minutes recording in last day (Sunday) of the event which is winner announcement event. This indicates that F1 spectators do substantial number of phone calls during the events where the variation in this day was from 0.607 µW/m 2 to 16.832 µW/m 2 while in Saturday was from 0.313 µW/m 2 to 5.455 µW/m 2 and in Friday was from 0.139 µW/m 2 to 2.356 µW/m 2 .


The thesis lays a theoretical framework for program debugging, with the goal of partly mechanizing this activity. In particular, we formalize and develop algorithmic solutions to the following two questions: (1) How do we identify a bug in a program that behaves incorrectly? (2) How do we fix a bug, once one is identified?
We develop interactive diagnosis algorithms that identify a bug in a program that behaves incorrectly, and implement them in Prolog for the diagnosis of Prolog programs. Their performance suggests that they can be the backbone of debugging aids that go far beyond what is offered by current programming environments.
We develop an inductive inference algorithm that synthesizes logic programs from examples of their behavior. The algorithm incorporates the diagnosis algorithms as a component. It is incremental, and progresses by debugging a program with respect to the examples. The Model Inference System is a Prolog implementation of the algorithm. Its range of applications and efficiency is comparable to existing systems for program synthesis from examples and grammatical inference.
We develop an algorithm that can fix a bug that has been identified, and integrate it with the diagnosis algorithms to form an interactive debugging system. By restricting the class of bugs we attempt to correct, the system can debug programs that are too complex for the Model Inference System to synthesize.


A glucosyltransferase cDNA, RF5, was cloned from Oryza sativa using an RT-PCR strategy and expressed in Escherichia coli. Several flavonoids were tested for their ability to serve as substrates for RF5. RF5 effectively glucosylated kaempferol and quercetin to produce their 3-O-glucosides. Thus, RF5 could be defined as a flavonol 3-O-glucosyltransferase. E. coli cells expressing RF5 effectively converted 100 microM of kaempferol and quercetin into their corresponding glucosides.


1 We develop a simple interpreter for programs of the new logic programming language GG odel. The deenition provides a clean interface between logical and control components for execution of GG odel programs. The construction is given in abstract terms which cover the general logic programming paradigm and allow for concurrency. The formalization directly reeects the intuitive procedural understanding of programs, but is formulated at the level of abstract search spaces and proceeds in a modular fashion. This combination of procedural and abstract features, made possible by use of Gure-vich's notion of evolving algebras, provides a tool for mathematical| machine and proof system independent|description and analysis of design decisions for logic programming languages; it also lays the ground for provably correct stepwise reenements, through a hierarchy of speciications at lower levels, down to implementations.


In many poor countries, the recent increases in prices of staple foods raise the real incomes of those selling food, many of whom are relatively poor, while hurting net food consumers, many of whom are also relatively poor. The impacts on poverty will certainly be very diverse, but the average impact on poverty depends upon the balance between these two effects, and can only be determined by looking at real-world data. Results using household data for ten observations on nine low-income countries show that the short-run impacts of higher staple food prices on poverty differ considerably by commodity and by country, but, that poverty increases are much more frequent, and larger, than poverty reductions. The recent large increases in food prices appear likely to raise overall poverty in low income countries substantially.


Research in self-handicapping has consistently demonstrated a robust yet puzzling gender difference in the use of behavioral self-handicaps. Women not only are less likely to use behavioral self-handicaps when such opportunities present themselves, but are also more punitive in their evaluations of others who utilize these types of handicaps. For years, the literature has considered several possible explanations for these consistent gender differences, with little success. The present work highlights our recent efforts suggesting that the personal value placed on effort, as indexed by the 'Worker scale' (McCrea, Hirt, Hendrix, Milner, & Steele, 2008), is an important mediator of these gender differences in both the use of and evaluation of others' use of behavioral self-handicaps. Discussion centers on the implications of the present results for gaining a better understanding of the motivations and tradeoffs that underlie the use of this self-defeating strategy.


Having examined free particles and particles that are confined in space by a potential energy term, we now consider the impact of a disturbance in the flat energy landscape for a free particle. By disturbance we means some kind of fixed "obstacle" which is either a positive (repelling) or negative (attractive) potential. We are interested in determining the impact on the free particle. Continuing to work mostly in one dimension, the particle described by a plane wave corresponding to momentum moving in the positive direction (a positive k−vector in the x−direction), we study elastic scattering. In one dimension, this means that we determine the probability that the particle is transmitted (continuing in the forward direction) or reflected (now moving in the backward direction.) We will also determine the nature of the solution inside the potential and in the case that the potential energy maximum is greater than the kinetic energy of the particle, we will show that the particle tunnels through the barrier. Interestingly, when we have two barriers, we can find conditions where the probability that the particle is transmitted is unity. This is the result of resonance, a feature of the wave-like nature of the particle's wave function.


The policy of European integration is officially re cognized as the primary vector of democratic development in Ukraine, that i nvolves the gender egalitarianism according to European legal standard s in society, provides equal access for women and men to social, economic, cultu ral and educational resources as an integral condition of rights and freedoms, wh ich increases the effectiveness of national gender mechanism, development and imple entation of innovative practices in education and gender studies, to apply the equal rights for young people in the context of globalization and multicul turalism. Gender (parity) democracy is important, not only be cause of the international recognition, but also for the interna l dynamic of our country, the implementation of basic social programs, which impr ove the quality of life for two socio-demographic groups-men and women, the depriva tion of inequality between this sexes and the development of partnership betwe en them, as an expression of social justice, the effective mechanisms of protect ion from the discrimination and so on. In the White Book of the Council of Europe, there is an Intercultural Dialogue "Living together in equality and dignity" (2008) which defines the guidelines of peaceful coexistence in a free societ y for people of different races, religions and cultures, such as: "Equal rights for men and women, which are enshrined in the preamble to the UN's statute, cann ot be denied or ignored, especially in a democratic society. To respect the interests of the group or religion in any case cannot be an excuse for girls to preven t any form of education that is available for boys or the isolation of adult women from normal communication in society outside their home". 1


High female participation in the health care delivery system is a situation which is so predominant that 75% of the health care workers are women (Corea, 1977). However, examination of their occupational representation indicates that women are concentrated in low-level positions acting as aides, assistants, and service workers. Nursing, though considered to be a female occupation, is a field not high in prestige. Nurses are usually of lower-middle-class status (Navarro, 1975), and are perceived


When crystalline particles of binary solid solution mixtures of the m-chloronitrobenzene-m-fluoronitrobenzene system were placed in an atmosphere at elevated temperatures close to their equilibrium liquidus point (sweating), they gradually changed their compositions to approach the equilibrium solidus composition and also changed shape from rigid plates to porous ones. These changes continued even after 360 h, which is significantly different from the behavior observed for simple eutectic systems reported in a previous study. Quantitative analysis of the rates of composition changes were made on the basis of the diffusion mechanism of the recrystallization process during sweating.


Background Neuropathy is the greatest source of morbidity associated with diabetes, affecting up to 50% of those with long-standing disease, and pain as a symptom of neuropathy may be seen in as many as one third of all patients with diabetes. Aim: The aim of this study was screen the occurrence of peripheral neuropathy among diabetic patients. Subjects and methods The design used for conduction of this study was prospective (cohort) study). Subjects: A total 300 adults diabetic patients. Tools of data collection:-Tool I Diabetic patient knowledge scaduale, Tool II Diabetic foot examination checklist. It contained two items. General examination Highet , weight , BMI , heart rate , blood pressure, specific foot examination, diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy using neuropathy symptoms score (NSS),neuropathy disability score (NDS),Pressure perception using 10gm Semmes Winston monofilament on10 sites in two feet and sensory assessment Results: -. The patients who had ≥ 3in total score of neuropathy symptoms score (NSS) were 23%, (10.3%) had total score ≥6 in neuropathy disability score. Loss of protective sensation was common in (11.0%) of patients. The total patients diagnosed with neuropathy (Abnormal with one of these three parameters) were 27 .3 % of studied sample. Also the study reveals that assessment of foot pressure perception using 10gm monofilament had the best sensitivity. Conclusion based on the findings it was concluded that diabetic peripheral neuropathy was diagnosed in one third of studied sample ,10gm monofilament had the best sensitivity Recommendations .All patients with diabetes should be screened at least annually for presence of diabetic Port Said Scientific Journal of Nursing Vol.2, No. 1,June 2015 208 peripheral neuropathy. Foot care education must be provided to every diabetic patient with regular confirmation


Objective: To summarize the experience in the diagnosis and treatment of 43 patients with abdominal abscess. Methods:A retrospective analysis was made to the clinical data of the diagnosis and treatment of the 43 patients with abdominal abscess from 1992 to 2001. Results:Forty three patients with abdominal absecss after abdominal operation were diagnosed through B mode ultrasound tomography and CT. According to the location and size of the abscess, 14 cases were treated with antibiotics, 12 with centesis , 7 with PCD, 10 received debridement and drainage. All were cured. Conclusion: Abdominal abscess is a common complication after abdominal operation . Prevention in operation, early diagnosis and effective drainage are important.