We carry out series of high-resolution solar dynamo calculations in spherical geometry to investigate generation mechanism of large-scale magnetic field. Solar observations indicate large-scale magnetic field in the solar interior in spite of the chaotic and turbulent fluid motion. Recent high-resolution calculations show that higher-resolution calculations generate weaker large-scale magnetic field, since small-scale turbulence tends to destruct the coherent large-scale magnetic field. In order to address this issue, we carry out a series of higher-resolution calculations. In our "middle"-resolution calculation, we find the same result as previous studies, i.e., when we increase the resolution, the large-scale magnetic field loses its energy. In our unprecedentedly high-resolution calculation, however, large-scale magnetic energy is recovered. In the calculation, we find an efficient small-scale dynamo which leads to strong Lorentz feedback in the small scale. The small-scale turbulent motion, which tends to destructs the large-scale magnetic field is suppressed. As a consequence, the large-scale magnetic field is maintained even with large Reynolds numbers.


Water is described as a universal solvent which is the most abundant and useful compound that nature has provided. Two main sources of water are: surface and underground water. Among the many essential elements for the existence of human beings, animal and plants, water is rated as one of the most important elements for human living. Man can survive for weeks without food but a few days without water. Sand has been used to purify water for over a thousand years; and it still remains the dependable methods of making water fit for drinking. The idea of water sand filtration can be seen when water taken from sandy river beds is generally pure, because it has percolated through the sand grains where harmful bacteria are removed.


The invention relates to a memory access authority control method based on a page table checking mechanism. The memory access authority control method comprises the following steps: when filling a page table into a look-aside buffer, performing validity check on a physical page number of a page table entry and access authority control information, and writing a check result as a content of the page table entry into the look-aside buffer; when an instruction stream or data stream memory accesses a hit look-aside buffer, if the check result of the page table entry is illegal, then triggering the safe failure of the look-aside buffer, and after hardware spot saving, skipping to a look-aside buffer safe failure privilege entry program and processing, and prohibiting continuing to access the memory. The memory access authority control method based on the page table checking mechanism provided by the invention can avoid the security risk and flaw due to some illegal unauthorized accesses authorized since the page table entry is modified maliciously.


As key figures within their cities and members of regional aristocracies,
 bishops have often been seen as playing a pivotal role in the transition
 from Roman to post-Roman Hispania. There was a steady growth of
 episcopal power in Hispania and the office of bishop frequently became
 a source of conflict within Christian communities, as well as between
 those communities and neighbours seeking to assert authority from
 further afield. The nature of relations between the 'church' and the 'state'
 has long been a staple historiographical debate, while in recent decades
 'centre' and 'periphery' has become one of the more popular heuristic
 dichotomies. This chapter takes a bottom-up approach to thinking about
 how local conflicts within cities related to those between bishops and
 'central' powers – the imperial government in the case of Spania and the
 Visigothic monarchy in the case of Hispania.


IT WAS A year of tranquility for Malaysia, with ostentatious progress and prosperity. The country had completed two decades of independence and played host to the tenth anniversary celebrations of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). In four successful cooperative ventures with Thai security forces, the fractious Malayan Communist Party (MCP) was reported to have been seriously decimated. Export earnings had increased and unemployment dropped slightly; the Philippines renounced its claim to Sabah; and pride in political leadership prevailed. Yet there were decided undertones of tension; the experience of 1969 is reemerging from the subconscious.' Malaysia's political dilemma is that it was invested at the onset of nationhood with all the libertarian attributes of democracy. Institutional evolution had to be accelerated retroactively, thereby establishing governmental practices that lacked societal preparation. Retrogressive measures were needed to compensate for the absence of consensus, ethnic unity, industrialization, literacy, and other factors commonly associated with a stable democracy. Twenty years were only able to bring about an adaptation, not integration. Communalism, communism, traditionalism, and regionalism are still potentially system-changing forces in Malaysia today. Appearances have changed, however. To the Moslem/non-Moslem dichotomy has been added volatile intra-Malay conflict. The terrorist tactics of communism have changed to infiltration at the apex of influ-


Knowledge of the capacity of the ureteral wall to withstand urodynamic or external stresses is essential to understand ureteral injury and rupture that mostly occur following trauma, but may also be secondary to obstructive uropathy. It has clinical significance as well in the prevention of iatrogenic injury, for example, during ureteroscopy, but no information is available with regard to the age-related failure properties and regional differences have not been systematically described. Uniaxial tensile testing was performed on 166 ureteral rings and strips from 21 humans free of overt urologic disease; histological evaluation was performed. The degree of layer participation to the intact wall failure stress (=tissue strength), peak elastic modulus (=stiffness), and failure stretch (=extensibility) was assessed by examining layer-specific ruptures in the stress–stretch data. Failure stress at and peak elastic modulus before the first (muscle/adventitial) rupture correlated inversely less with age (p < 0.05 in few regions/directions) than failure stress at the second (mucosal) rupture (p < 0.05 in the middle and lower ureter), consistent with the decreased mucosal thickness in ≥50-year-old subjects. Failure stretch at both ruptures did not correlate with age (p > 0.05 in most regions/directions), paralleling elastin content. Correlations with age were more significant in females than males. Failure stress at the second rupture point was higher (p < 0.05) distally in <50-year-old but not in ≥50-year-old subjects, justified by the increased collagen distally in the former. Directional differences in failure stretches (p < 0.05 at all ages/regions/genders) were justified by preferentially axial collagen reinforcement. The presented results may establish the foundation for computational models of iatrogenic/accidental ureteral trauma.


Samples of maize seed were obtained from countries in Central America, Africa and Asia and assessed for fungal infection. Fusarium spp. were the largest single group of fungi present, and from these Fusarium moniliforme was the species most frequently isolated. Other fungi, including Stenocarpella (Diplodia) maydis, S. macrospora and Acremonium strictum, were also present in significant numbers. Isolates of F. moniliforme were characterized for mating populations, using RAPDs, and a number of isolates, taken at random from those assigned to specific mating groups, were also confirmed by crossing. Isolates were also characterized for fusaric acid production and significant differences in fusaric acid production were detected between isolates from different countries and regions within countries. A detailed analysis of isolates from one country, Kenya, was undertaken. The importance of the pathogens is discussed in relation to human, animal and seed health and quarantine regulations, and plant breeding objectives.


As an alternative to a direct solution of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation, results are presented for the determination and improvement of suboptimal controls and for obtaining bounds on the optimal value of the performance index. Treatment is restricted to the class of problems included in the well-known work of Kalman [1].


Fitness induced adaptations, such as changes in oxygen uptake (VO 2 ), respiration, and cardiac autonomic regulation are known to occur at rest and during exercise following endurance training. For example, submaximal intensities are associated with reductions in VO 2 per workload, reductions in heart rate (HR), and reductions in ventilation (V E ) while maximal intensities are associated with increases in VO 2 and V E . However, less is known about the breath-by-breath dynamics of VO 2 and V E during exercise with changes in cardiac autonomic regulation in relation to fitness. PURPOSE: To investigate the influence of gender, body fat (BF) and maximal VO 2 (VO 2max ) on the breath-by-breath dynamics of VO 2 and V E , as well as HR variability (HRV), during an incremental treadmill test to exhaustion. METHODS: Breath-by-breath VO 2 and V E , as well as continuous R-R intervals were collected throughout an incremental treadmill test for N=39 individuals (Males: n=20; height=177±8 cm, weight=79±18 kg; BF=18±9%; VO 2max =54±9 ml/ kg/min – Females: n=19; height=164±6 cm, weight=74±21 kg; BF=33±12%; VO 2max =36±10 ml/kg/min). Individual time-series were fit using polynomial regression models. The residuals from these models were used to detrend the data. The standard deviation of normal intervals (SDNI), root mean square of successive differences (rMSSD), and sample entropy (SampEn) of the residuals were calculated and relations among these variables with gender, BF, and VO 2max were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences in the variability around the increase in physiological demands of incremental exercise (SDNI; rMSSD) based on Gender (p<0.001; p=0.004), BF (p<0.001; p=0.002), and VO 2max (p=0.05; p=0.04). However, the complexity (SampEn) surrounding the increase in VO 2 , V E , and HRV dynamics during incremental exercise were not different based on gender, BF, or VO 2max . CONCLUSIONS The variability surrounding the increasing physiological demands (specifically, VO 2 and V E ) of incremental exercise appear to be differentially affected by gender, BF, and fitness. Better understanding these relationships may provide important information about how chronic stimuli, such as training or disease, impact the dynamics of the system. Funded by NICHD R01HD078346


Technological innovation is the strategic support to increasing social productivity and overall national strength,and the revolutionary power to drive up county economic growth as well.Technological innovation has great impacts over productivity,industrial structure and quality of human power and interacts with economic development in counties.Government at all levels shall guide manufacturers,institutions,and research centers to take the path of independent innovation,elevate the ability of innovation and improve relevant environment.Meanwhile,governments at all levels shall promote the conversion of innovation to economic development,advance agricultural development through science and technology,develop high and new technologies,and push ahead shift of economic structure in counties to achieve innovated social and economic development in counties.


During the past few decades, educators, advocates and researchers have developed initiatives to increase news media literacy. Recent surveys indicate that audiences combine agendas from various media to suit their own needs through group discussion. This process is called "agenda melding." Agenda melding includes the "need for orientation" function in a social context that acknowledges that the perceived importance of news issues changes in relation to their discussions with others. Using an online survey instrument with a sample of young adults, this study measures the level of news media literacy in young adults and examines the relationship between news media literacy, mindfulness, locus of control, and agenda melding. This study sought to determine whether relationships exist between the agenda melding process and news media literacy. Findings suggest that participation in the agenda melding process is associated with increases in levels of news media literacy.


Here we emphatically introduced an advanced steel rube shoring method in the coal bed that there are much more firedamp . It solved many problems in the later exploitation period when using ordinary shoring method, for instance ,risk peak accident ,coalrock shock falling ,twice shoring and firedamp conglomeration etc. It achieved a good result to put it into practice.


Abstract Understanding predator–prey relations is critical for management and conservation of species. Common descriptions of predator–prey dynamics often imply that low population density of prey, prey switching by predators, and high fecundity or productivity of prey are important in allowing prey species to coexist with predators. Studies of the effects of introduced predators on prey species do not support the idea that low prey density, switching by predators, and fecundity of prey are vital to coexistence of predator and prey. More likely, prey have a suite of morphological and behavior adaptations, including uses of specific habitat features, that render some individuals far less vulnerable to predation and allow predators and prey to coexist. Management activities designed to maintain desired prey species should include maintaining or enhancing features of habitat that reduce prey vulnerability.


Three shadowing experiments investigated the hypothesis that difficulties in concentration are caused by internal factors as well as by the novelty, intensity or salience of background events. On the last trial of each experiment, a background message, which subjects had been instructed to ignore, changed unexpectedly. Most subjects noticed these changes and were disrupted by them (Experiments 1, 2 and 3). A smaller number of "concentrators" reported that they were unaware the changes had taken place. These concentrators were less disrupted by the background message than the non-concentrators both on the last trial and on earlier dichotic trials (Experiments 1 and 3). However, even concentrators were momentarily disrupted by the background changes (Experiment 3). Increased attended task difficulty increases the likelihood that subjects will fail to notice the changes (Experiment 2). The results support the view that good concentration consists in the ability to keep distracting events from consciousness.


The paper investigates and analyzes the actual development status of facility agriculture in Chengdu,proposes suggestions to the restrictive factors in developing facility agriculture,and gives a detailed analysis on how to create conditions for cultivating leading enterprises and improving the farmers' enthusiasm.


We present a comprehensive theoretical study of the resonance fluorescence spectra of an excitondriven quantum dot (QD) placed inside a high-Q semiconductor cavity and interacting with an acoustic phonon bath. We derive a quantum master equation (ME) in the polaron frame which includes exciton-phonon and exciton-cavity coupling to all orders. This work details and extends the theory used in a recent issue of Physical Review Letters (C. Roy and S. Hughes 2011: Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 247403) to describe the QD Mollow triplet in the regime of semiconductor cavity-QED. Here we introduce two ME forms, Nakajima-Zwanzig (NZ) and time-convolutionless (TC), both to second order in the system–phonon-reservoir perturbation. In the polaron frame, these two ME forms are shown to yield equivalent population dynamics and fluorescence spectra for a continuous wave (cw) driving field. We also demonstrate that a Markov approximation is valid for computing the incoherent scattering processes and we subsequently exploit the Markovian TC ME to explore the resonance fluorescence spectra of an exciton-driven QD. Both cavity-emitted and exciton-emitted spectra are studied and these are found to have qualitatively different spectral features. Using a coherent driving field, the well known characteristics of the atomic Mollow triplet are shown to be considerably modified with electron–acoustic-phonon scattering and we highlight the key effects arising from both cavity coupling and electron-phonon coupling. Regimes of pronounced cavity feeding and anharmonic cavity-QED are exemplified, and we find that the cavity coupling depends sensitively on the exciton-cavity detuning and the temperature of the phonon bath. We show how the full width at half maximum (linewidth) of the Mollow triplet sidebands varies as a function of the square of the Rabi frequency of the cw pump. Phonon-mediated cavity coupling also contributes to the spectral broadening of the Mollow triplet, depending upon the exciton-cavity detuning and the strength of the exciton-cavity coupling rate. Finally, we calculate the fluorescence spectra for off-resonance cw driving and investigate the resulting Mollow-triplet linewidths.


Many ceramic manufacturing companies use 3D CAD software and 3D printing technologies to produce design concept models for evaluation, although the value to the design process is limited due to the type of materials that can be printed, conventional modelling and processing methods still need to be used to achieve a design concept model in a real material.
A solution is desired that delivers a prototype that looks and feels like the final product and which can be fully tested for functionality glaze and decoration.
In collaboration with Denby Pottery as the industrial partner this research project has refined and enhanced the 3D ceramic printing process already developed at the University of the West of England, and has enabled the production of concept models of new design ideas in a real ceramic material, printed directly from CAD data, fired, glazed and decorated.


This paper addresses the academic conversation on Protestant missions to the Indigenous peoples of coastal British Columbia during the second half of the nineteenth century through a consideration of the role of revivalist piety in the conversion of some of the better known Indigenous Methodist evangelists identified in the scholarly literature. The paper introduces the work of existing scholars critically illuminating the reasons (religious convergence and/or the want of symbolic and material resources) typically given for Indigenous, namely, Ts'msyen, conversion. It also introduces Methodist revivalist piety and its instantiation in British Columbia. And, finally, it offers a critical exploration of revivalist piety and its role in conversion as set within a broader theoretical inquiry into the academic study of ritual and religion.


Background: Aberrant protein glycosylation is a common feature of cancer and contributes to malignant behavior. However, how and to what extent the cellular glycome is involved in cancer development and progression is still undefined. The primary objective of this study is to conduct insilico identification of glycome genes that could reveal a signature of cancer using expression profiles of cancer genomes. There exists a list of $\sim 500$ glycome genes in several molecular categories. This study is based on the hypothesis that if the glycosylation is a common feature of cancer, there exists a shortlist of cancer glycome genes and their expression profiles should carry the signature capable of differentiating 33 different cancers available in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).Method: The distribution of cancer samples in TCGA is highly imbalanced, ranging from 36 for Cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) to 1089 for Breast Cancer (BRCA). Supervised feature selection approaches to identify the signature genes would be biased to larger groups. We developed a computational framework using concrete autoencoder (CAE), a deep learning-based unsupervised feature selection algorithm, to find the cancer-related glycome genes. The criteria of optimal feature subset used in this study are (a) the number of features should be as few as possible, and (b) accuracy of classification using the selected features should be >90%.Results: Our experiment showed a shortlist of glycome genes (132 genes) that can differentiate 33 different cancers with an accuracy of 92%. This study reflects that the cancer glycome genes signify the origins of cancer.


The new typology of marine facilities deals with the problem of offshore oil and gas fields' infrastructure usage after their elimination. The influence of climate on offshore structures and the authorities' requirements in the matter of natural environment protection create huge costs for oil and gas companies, if the abandoned platform will be at sea. The concept of oil platform reconstruction with the change of functionhas allowedto create theoretical model of offshore structure and to identify the most relevant functions for the reconstructed objects. It has led to the following basic groups of architectural typology.


Objective To investigate the prescriptions comments to promote rational use of drugs.Methods Every month,draw 200 outpatient prescriptions in our hospital at last month.Medical and pharmaceutical experts comment them one by one,The results are summarized and commented in public,inform the unreasonable prescriptions and problems,Put forward the proposal improvements and measures according to the prescription problems.Results The result show that 101 prescriptions in the January are qualified prescriptions,accounted for 50.5%;193 prescriptions in the December are qualified prescriptions,accounted for 96.5%.By comparison qualified rate of the prescriptions in the December is more higher.χ2=108.6382,P 0.01,the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion Regular prescription comment prompted medical staff took the initiative to strengthen the updating of knowledge,enhance the sense of responsibility,to improve prescribing appropriateness,unreasonable use clinical phenomenon is suppressed.


Investigating the ionic conduction in silver iodide is a mechanically simple experiment designed to illustrate several important ideas relevant to the study of defects in solids.


Significant weight loss is seen following bariatric surgery, leading to an ameliorative effect on obesity-related comorbidities such as OSA. Weight loss maintenance is a priority, and identifying factors that may be associated with weight loss outcomes following bariatric surgery is of high importance. The current study examined whether OSA symptoms and PAP therapy were associated with weight outcomes following bariatric surgery in adolescents.

 Participants from the Teen-LABS Study, which follows adolescents undergoing bariatric surgery were examined. Demographic and anthropometric data, OSA diagnosis, and PAP prescription and self-reported usage information were assessed 6 months before surgery. Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) responses were utilized from baseline to 48 months post-surgery. All analyses were adjusted for time, age, sex, surgery type, and ethnicity.

 242 adolescents (76% female, 72% White, age at surgery = 16.6 [1.6] years) were included. 57% had a diagnosis of OSA at pre-surgical baseline, and 56% of adolescents with OSA reported PAP use at pre-surgery. BMI increase over time from year 1-4 post-surgery was 11% more for those with high PSQ severity compared to those with low PSQ severity (p = 0.01). Those with pre-surgical OSA that reported using PAP "often" or "always" at baseline had an 8% lower increase in BMI from year 1-4 post-surgery compared to those that reported using PAP "rarely" or "sometimes" at baseline (p = 0.004). Finally, endorsing daytime sleepiness on the PSQ was associated with a 11% greater increase in BMI during years 1-4 post-surgery (p = 0.01).

 OSA and daytime sleepiness may be associated with greater weight regain following bariatric surgery in adolescents. Adherence to PAP therapy pre-surgery may be a protective factor in preventing or reducing weight regain following surgery. Daytime sleepiness may be an effect of OSA, or due to the insufficient sleep that is prevalent among adolescents. Research is needed to examine the impact of additional aspects of sleep health such as duration, timing, and quality on health outcomes, as well as the impact of PAP adherence and sleep interventions on weight regain following bariatric surgery in adolescents with severe obesity.

 None.


End milling is considered to be one of the most commonly applied for both roughing and finishing operations to make flat surfaces, slots and pockets in precision molds and dies. Predictive models were developed for cutting force, flank wear and surface roughness in end milling aluminum alloy by regression analysis. The correlation coefficients for cutting force, flank wear and surface roughness equations were 91.6 %, 89.8 % and 79.6 %, respectively. The goal of these predictive equations is to become a good assistant to the researcher in understanding the machining process. Through the analysis of variance (ANOVA), however, it can be found that the cutter diameter, the helix angle and the feed rate are the important milling process parameters to obtain the machined quality on cutting force, flank wear and surface roughness. The investigations show that cutting force, flank wear and surface roughness can be improved in end milling aluminum alloy by using the lower cutter diameter, medium helix angle and lower feed rate.


the next generation wireless network each mobile node will be equipped with multiple network interfaces to utilize multiple wireless access technologies simultaneously. Such mobile nodes are multihomed mobile nodes. The seamless mobility management to provide uninterrupted connectivity to the multihomed mobile node and the dynamic resource management to reduce packet loss corresponding to the ongoing sessions of the multihomed mobile node are the challenging issues for such a heterogeneous wireless networks environment. In the present work each multihomed mobile node has multiple care of addresses corresponding to multiple network interfaces associated with it. A network analysis module is associated with each access network to determine its performance. The mobility management module provides the uninterrupted connectivity to the multihomed mobile node. The session admission control module controls the admission of sessions at various networks depending up on their performance after receiving the network selection request message from multihomed mobile node. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated in terms of the percentage of network usage, percentage of resource utilization per network, blocking probability and throughput of the system, bandwidth management.


Objectives There are insufficient data about range and efficacy of treatments provided to patients with musculoskeletal back pain in tertiary pain clinics. We aimed to analyze the number of patients visiting a tertiary pain clinic due to chronic musculoskeletal back pain, the treatments prescribed to these patients in a pain clinic, and any reduction of pain intensity that patients report following the treatment. Methods Retrospective study of patients treated for chronic musculoskeletal back pain from 2006 to 2009 was conducted at a tertiary Pain Clinic of University Hospital Split in Croatia. We studied the number of patients, their medical documentation, prescribed therapy and their pain intensity determined by visual analog scale during the first visit and a follow-up visit. Results Patients with chronic musculoskeletal back pain represented 78 percent of all patients and 80 percent of all visits in the pain clinic. The majority of patients were women with a median age of 58 years. Patients were prescribed opioid and non-opioid drugs, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, magnetic therapy, ultrasound and laser therapy, either as a single intervention , or in various combinations. Tramadol and combination of tramadol and paracetamol were the most commonly prescribed drugs. In all patients groups, the reduction of pain intensity on a control visit was about 30 percent; there was no significant difference between groups. Conclusions Chronic musculoskeletal back pain is the major reason why patients visit pain clinics. Efficacy of various pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments offered at pain clinics was not significantly different. Introduction of a bio-psychosocial approach to treatment of chronic pain is recommended.


The observed high consumer demand for edible oils with high oxidative stability resulted in notable efforts to investigate wild plants as new sources of oils and fats. In this context, the fatty acid profile, total tocopherols, tocotrienols and phenolic compounds, as well as oxidative stability parameters such as peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), conjugated trienes (CT), anisidine value (AnV), and kinetic parameters of wild pear (Pyrus glabra Boiss.) seed oil as a novel source of edible oil were investigated. In addition, the oil-in-water emulsion was prepared from wild pear seed oil. Considering the fatty acid profile, linoleic (56.8±1.4g/100 g oil) and oleic acid (27.4±0.6 g/100 g oil) were defined as the main fatty acids. The α-tocopherol (57.6±0.3 mg/100 g oil) was recognized as the primary form of tocopherols in wild pear seed oil. The PV, CDV, and AnV values were lower in crude oil compared to purified oil in both oil-in-water emulsion and bulk oil. Due to high oxidative stability, wild pear seed oil could be regarded as a novel source of edible oil.

Practical applications: The concentration of the primary and secondary oxidation products in both systems was decreased, mainly due to natural tocopherols and tocotrienols. Furthermore, wild pear seed oil samples (crude and oil containing BHT and TBHQ) were the more stable ones against oxidation as compared to oil-in-water emulsion system. Therefore, it can be conclude that wild pear seed oil could be promising edible oil, as well as a functional component in foods and other bio-products.


The Bank of England has developed a risk-based methodology to support its oversight of payment systems. The methodology provides more precise estimates of risks in payment systems than previously available. Because it is consistent and systematic in its application, the methodology assists the Bank in focusing its attention and resources - the intensity of oversight - where the level of risk is estimated to be greatest. This article provides an overview of the framework.


Survey data have revealed that forgetting the current gear is a frequent driver error (Reason et al., 1990), yet very little research has been done on how drivers move gearshift levers and what causes them to make gearshift errors. In two experiments, 65 adults of all ages drove two vehicles on a closed course. Participants each performed multiple trials in which they drove or reversed to a location, shifted to Park, and exited and re-entered the vehicle. For approximately 1000 shifts into Park, the movements and forces that drivers applied to the gearshift lever were measured. Data revealed that drivers shifted to Park in a ballistic manner, and continued to apply force to the gearshift lever after reaching the Park detent. This force far exceeded that which was required to move the lever into Park. On select trials, participants were induced to hurry, and distractions such as cell phones, radio, and conversation, were introduced during the driving task. A total of 35 gearshift errors (e.g., failure to shift, or mis-shift) were observed in both experiments, all but one of which occurred on either a hurried or a hurried-plus-distraction trial. On no trial did any participant leave the gearshift lever between Reverse and Park. Data suggest that participants rely on the kinesthetic feedback from the lever hitting the mechanical stop at the end of the Park gate to determine when they have reached the Park position, and that drivers are more likely to make gearshift errors when they are hurried or distracted.


Excessive fertilization and pesticides will lead to soil and water receives more weight than chemical content,which resulted in pollution of the environment in which the growth of plants. This study aims to determine the nitrate content in the roots , stems and leaves of cabbage and nitrate in agricultural land in the village Plumbon, Tawangmangu Karanganyar. This study is a descriptive survey , which determines the content of nitrates in vegetables cabbage. This study was performed on March until September 2013. From research to know that the concentration of nitrate (NO 3-) at a depth of 0 cm -20 cm ranged between 10.98 ppm - 70.32 ppm, the accumulation of nitrate (NO 3-) at a depth of 20 cm - 40 cm ranged between 20.21 ppm - 240 ppm , the accumulation of nitrate (NO 3-) at a depth of 40 cm - 60 cm ranged between 20.53 ppm - 180 ppm. Accumulation of nitrate (NO 3-) at this depth is affected by the process of leaching and leaching of nitrate in the soil layer above it. Accumulation of nitrate in cabbage leaves are below the limits Decision No. 1168 / Men / Per / 1999 on food consumption , but the roots are already exceed the quality standards set.. Keyword : Accumulation, Nitrate, Cabbage


ABSTRACT Three species-groups of dwarf crawfishes (genus Cambarellus) are accorded subgeneric status: Pandicambarus, containing the most generalized species and restricted to the United States; the monotypic Dirigicambarus, the range of which lies within that of the former; and the nominate subgenus, which is confined to Mexico. Present knowledge of the several character states is such that infrasubgeneric grouping is best attempted by "classical" rather than cladistic techniques. Tertiary geological data indicate that the Cambarellinae were established in the lower Mississippi River basin prior to the Miocene, reinvading the eastern part of the Gulf Coastal Plain in late Miocene or early Pliocene times. Some descriptive terms to be applied to the annulus ventralis are introduced.


: The poverty rate in Indonesia is still quite high despite a downward trend. Various solutions have been made, including the presence of Islamic microfinance institutions to provide financing. However, this still leaves the problem, that the lower layers of society (the poorest of the poor) are also still excluded where there are still many members of the community who have not been able to obtain riba-free financial services. This article proposes the idea of empowering the poorest of the poor model using mosque-based shadaqah funds. The integration of da'wah through mosques and economic empowerment will increase the resilience of the community especially the poorest of the poor against the onslaught of apostasy efforts. Improving the quality of faith will increase the fighting spirit to improve economic and religious life. The involvement of religious leaders and the community around the mosque and rich people towards the fate of the poor is expected to help them to organize their lives at a better level. This empowerment model is based on the local community around the mosque so that the mosque is not only a center of worship but will also function as a center for community economic empowerment.


Caesalpinia sappan L. is a plant in the Fabaceae family and has long been used as a medicinal plant. Caesalpinia sappan L. wood contains active compounds in brazilin, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, and terpenoids, which have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and anticancer properties. The purpose of this study was to find out the lethal concentration (LC50) in the aqueous extract of Caesalpinia sappan L. wood using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). LC50 is the concentration value of the compound that causes up to 50% death in Artemia salina Leach. This study used four concentration treatments of 1000 ppm, 500 ppm, 100 ppm, and 50 ppm, and negative control repeated three times. Each concentration and the control negative used 10 Artemia salina Leach larvae. The larval mortality was observed after 24 hours of treatment. An LC50 value of 322.54 ppm indicates an aqueous extract of Caesalpinia sappan L. Therefore, it was moderately toxic in this category.


Fusion Fission Hybrid Reactor for Energy (FFHR-E) is fueled by natural uranium and cooled by light water. A three dimensional code MCORGS, which is coupled by MCNP and ORIGENS, has been adopted in neutronics analysis of the three dimensional blanket model. A simplified pyro-reprocessing scheme is suggested. It is expected that the spent fuel can be heated up to 2100K by its decay heat, then the fission product elements whose boiling points below this temperature will be evaporated. The displacement per atom (dpa) of the blanket materials in one year was evaluated. A reload period around ten years is suggested,the spent fuel can be reused multiple times after reprocessing. The average Tritium Breeding Ratio (TBR) is about 1.15 and the blanket energy multiplication is about 12 in the first 60 years. While in the 2 to 9 60 years, the average TBR and M are 1.35 and 18 separately.


Assuming a flat universe expanding under a constant pressure and combining the first and the second Friedmann equations, a new equation, describing the evolution of the scale factor, is derived. The equation is a general kinematic equation. It includes all the ingredients composing the universe. An exact closed form solution for this equation is presented. The solution shows remarkable agreement with available observational data for redshifts from a low of z = 0.0152 to as high as z = 8.68. As such, this solution provides an alternative way of describing the expansion of space without involving the controversial dark energy.


Chromosomal instability is one of the characteristics of gastric cancer (GC) associated with frequent amplifications of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)-related genes. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane RTK, and its dysregulation is caused by altered EGFR gene that drives cancers. Approximately 5%-10% of patients with GC have EGFR amplification, which indicates a poor prognosis. Several studies suggested the benefit of anti-EGFR therapy for GC with high EGFR copy number (CN). However, randomized trials failed to demonstrate the survival benefit of anti-EGFR treatments for advanced GC without patient enrichment.


Talking about sexuality requires a vision focused on the analysis´ perspective of culture as a creator of sexual behaviors and expressions. It depends less on biology and more on the construction of meanings during the whole life, even more in adolescence, when our social and sexual identity is formed. Nowadays our young people build their own sexual scripts from the dominant speeches among the different social agents, and create a different way of interpreting reality: the beginning of couple relationships, sex, the usage of the new technologies of information, and the appearance of new expressions of sexuality in couples, are demonstrations of a changing reality that has to be studied. The deep interview can be used as a method to approach to these cultural constructions of our teenagers, and can also answer all the questions that try to understand how these new scripts are characterized.


The paper presents the results of experiments of usage of Latent Semantic Analysis for analysis of textual data. The method is explained in brief and special attention is pointed on its potential for comparison and investigation of Russian literature texts. Two hypotheses are tested: • The texts by the same author are alike and can be distinguished from the ones by different person; • The prose and poetry can be automatically discovered.


In this paper, I have used simple arbitrage argument to derive a dozen of model-free option price properties. In addition to deriving the Greeks under the model-free framework, the results show that first, in contrast to the traditional view, a European call (put) option for a non-dividend-paying asset can also be a European call (put) option for any other non-dividend-paying asset, and every non-dividend-paying asset is also both a European call option and a European put option for any other non-dividend-paying asset. Second, in some cases the time value of the European put option can be negative, and adjust the exercise price of an option can decrease or even erase the time value of the option. I have also used the Arbitrage Theorem under the binomial option pricing model to examine these properties.


The Swedish schools' "vardegrund", or as it would be called in English, the Swedish schools' fundamental values, are something that's been granted the first chapter in the national curriculum. It's ...


This folded-paper relief is comprised of a grid pattern that alternates between metallic, small grid sections and sections of both dark gray and light gray paper. Colored confetti also adorns the surface.


The thermal behavior of Cu-doped TiO2 gels obtained by the sol-gel method was investigated by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG/DTG/DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements. The comparative investigation of the structure and morphology of the as-prepared gels and of the nanopowders obtained by annealing them was realized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Significant differences were noticed depending on the amount of dopant (0.5 or 2.0 mol % CuO). A higher dopant concentration resulted in a more complex decomposition of the sample. This behavior was associated with the formation of various molecular species in the sol-gel solutions before gelation, determined by the different amount of the dopant used.


A new concept for deployable mesh reflectors is presented. It consists of a deployable ring structure and two identical cable nets (front and rear nets) connected by tension ties. The reflecting mesh is attached to the front net. The concept has been demonstrated by means of simple demonstrator hardware. A preliminary design of a 3 m diameter, 10 GHz reflector with a focal length to diameter ratio F/D = 0.4 that could be packaged within an envelope of 0.1 × 0.2 × 0.8 m3 is presented. Introduction There is currently a growing interest in low-cost deployable appendages for small satellites, and the development of structures for such applications is a lively area of research in the Deployable Structures Laboratory, at Cambridge University. The work presented in this paper was motivated by an application requiring a 3 m diameter parabolic reflector to be launched alongside a 0.6 × 0.6 × 0.8 m3 bus, packaged within an envelope of 0.1 × 0.2 × 0.8 m3, the last dimension is a hard limit. The reflector is to have a focal length to diameter ratio F/D = 0.4 and operate at a frequency of 10 GHz. Excluding inflatables, which still cannot be regarded as a mature technology, none of the existing deployable reflector systems is suitable for this application. It was considered that an adaptation of the AstroMesh concept (Thomson 1997) offers the greatest potential for meeting the requirements with a low-cost system. In the AstroMesh, see Figure 1, the reflective mesh is attached to a network of thin cables, or tapes with high axial stiffness that approximates to a paraboloid; the cables are prestressed to form a stiff and accurate structure. The size of the triangles forming the cable network is chosen sufficiently small to achieve the required accuracy. This concept is known as a tension truss and was invented by Miura (1986). The forces required to prestress the cable net are provided by a series of springs, called tension ties in Figure 1, connecting the network to an identical rear net. Both nets are connected around the edge to a deployable ring truss with telescopic diagonals. Note that the height of the ring truss is given by the depth of the two nets plus their separation. Although the rear net can be made less deep, say half the depth of the front net, by accepting larger forces on the ring, a reflector with small F/D requires a high ring. For example, for a reflector depth H = 0.46 m and D = 3 m an AstroMeshtype truss divided into 18 segments would have a packaged height of more than 1.2 m. An alternative ring configuration, based on a pantograph with, again, 18 bays would have a height of 0.9 m. However, this requires a large number of joints. Figure 1: AstroMesh concept (from Thomson 1997). ∗Junior Visitor. Permanent address: Department of Structural Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, SE 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden †Professor of Structural Engineering, Associate Fellow AIAA. Copyright c © 2001 by S. Pellegrino. Published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. with permission. 1 American Institute for Aeronautics and Astronautics For the reasons stated above it was concluded that a new concept was needed in order to meet the present requirements. Hence, this paper presents a new concept that has been developed. Simple demonstrator hardware has been made to illustrate the concept and demonstrate its viability. Finally, a preliminary design of a 3 m reflector that would meet all of the requirements is presented.


We extend and improve the result of Makkai and Pare that the powerful image of any accessible functor is accessible, assuming there exists a sufficiently large strongly compact cardinal.


In this paper, we propose a partial duplicate image retrieval scheme based on nearest saliency visual matching. We abstract visually salient and rich region (VSRR) from the images. We represent the VSRR using a BOV model. To achieve a lower reconstruction error and obtaining a sparse representation at the region level we use a group sparse coding. We also compare our result of image retrieval performance with other image database and show the effectiveness and efficiency of our approach of image retrieval.


The invention discloses a bitter buckwheat coffee and a production process thereof, relating to the field of health care nutritional products. The various components and the mixture ratio by weight are as follows: 75-83 percent of bitter buckwheat rutin powder, 13-19 percent of coffee powder and 4-6 percent natural spice; the production process comprises: a. organic rutin powder raw material is obtained by selecting, dehulling, breaking and separating bitter buckwheat; b. the semi-finished product rutin powder raw material is obtained by carrying out steaming, cooling, expansion, stir-frying and ultra-micro treatment on the organic rutin powder raw material obtained in a; c. the coffee powder is obtained by selecting, baking and grinding imported coffee beans; d. and a product which fully achieves the Q/LBW010-2008 enterprise standards on the quality and the various nutrients, retains the natural nutrients of the bitter buckwheat and is convenient and rapid to take is prepared by mixing the coffee powder obtained in c and the rutin powder raw material obtained in b according to the proportion, baking, cooling, adding the natural spice, vacuum packaging and stocking the finished product, thereby solving the problem that the urban and rural residents desire to eat bitter buckwheat food, but the production thereof is difficult.


Reversible data embedding has drawn lots of interest recently, specially in the field of protection for cultural heritage and medical image. Being reversible, the original digital content can be completely restored. This paper uses Tian's algorithm of difference expansion as reversible watermarking scheme for the protection of cultural heritage and medical image. Lifting together with channel coding is used to increase the detection performance of extracted watermark bits. Experimental results and performance comparison with other reversible data hiding schemes are presented to demonstrate the validity of the proposed algorithm.


Analysis of clinical, immunological and epidemiological features of HIV infection in 57 patients infected by subtype A HIV-1 in 98,2% cases has been done in dependence on viral tropism. Detection of HIV tropism was performed by sequencing of V3 loop of gp120 gene. It was revealed that patients infected by R5-tropic HIV had more expressed immunity activation markers on blood lymphocytes in comparison with ones infected by non-R5-tropic HIV The different profile of CCR5 and CXCR4 expression on blood lymphocytes were detected in patients with AIDS in dependence on tropism that seem to associate with existing of different mechanism of immunosuppression formation in different viral tropism. Correlation between clinical symptoms including presence of AIDS and viral tropism has not been revealed in studied group.


Technology a n d International Trade Performance i n the Most Advanced Countries Paolo G u e r r i e r i Working Paper 49 January 1991 Paolo Guerrieri is a professor of Economics at the University of Rome La Sapienza'


Abstract: This study aims to develop discovery learning student worksheets in class VIII of SMP Negeri 4 Kurik and to improve the ability to think creatively in mathematics learning for material in Two Variable Linear Equation Systems (SPLDV). The instrument of data collection in this study is a matter of pre-test and post-test, questionnaire, observation and documentation. This type of research uses development research, research design using the model of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation (ADDIE), the subject of research is VIIIA grade students of SMP 4 Kurik. The object of the research is student worksheets with the subject matter of two-variable linear equation systems. Development research methods, including research design, research sites, subjects, data sources, data collection techniques, research instruments and data analysis techniques using tabulation data to determine the increase after and before using student worksheets. The results of the study and conclusions obtained the level of mathematical creative thinking of class VIIIA students of SMP N 4 Kurik after being tested on this student worksheet of 92.19% with a level of creative thinking in the aspect of fluency of 90.63%, aspects of flexibility 95.83%, aspects of authenticity of 92 , 71%, and detail aspects 89.58%. This shows that this student worksheet is effectively used in teaching and learning activities.
Keywords: Student Worksheets, Discovery Learning, Creative Thinking.


Earthen structures have a long architectural and cultural heritage in New Mexico. Similar structures are evident around the world. With the current depletion of natural resources and high cost of materials, compressed earth block construction offers a sustainable building material alternative. Stabilized compressed earth blocks (SCEB) are compressed earth blocks with additives such as, hydrated lime or Portland cement to protect the earth block from absorbing water. SCEBs are being produced using native soils for residential construction on the Jemez Pueblo in New Mexico. The primary goal of this research is to enable production of SCEBs with native soils from the Jemez Pueblo. The objectives of this research are to identify suitable local soils to be used to develop a compressed earth block mix design, compare the mechanical characteristics of SCEB to commercial adobe blocks, and investigate the mechanical behavior of SCEB prism and wall assemblies. Close to 50 native soil locations at the Jemez reservation in New Mexico were investigated. These soils were classified according to the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) considering their grain size distribution, plasticity limit and swelling potential. A method for down selection of the soils suitable for compressed earth block


The bachelor thesis is focused on the analysis of the marketing communication of UDO SK, s.r.o., which deals in selling of windows, doors, fences, gates and models. Company?s products, their prices, distribution and especially the means of their advertising will be presented by analysis of marketing mix with the emphasis on marketing communi-cation. Recommendations leading to the improvement of the present state of marketing communication will be proposed, based on the analysis of marketing communication, sur-vey and SWOT analysis.


Process for the production of a metal component (B) with zones (Z1, Z2, Z3) adjacent to each other withdifferent material properties, wherein a plate member (E) heated to a forming temperature contentwith a useful forming (1) a component (B) formed over, wherein the forming tool (1) has an adjusting device for adjusting the temperature of the temperature of at least one of the sections (5.7, 16 ) in contact with the sheet element (E) during shaping, characterized in that having encuenta duration in which the section (5, 7, 16) of the shaping tool (1) regulated with respect to temperature is encontacto with the respective region (E1, E2, E2) adjacent thereto of the plate member (E), the speed of conformacionse controlled so that the different sections of the component properties to develop and elproceso occur during forming.


Four levels of wax emulsions viz., 3, 4, 5 and 6% were prepared by adding oleic acid, triethanolamine and hot water. The wax emulsions were coated on fully matured mangoes to assess the shelf life of wax coated mangoes stored at ambient conditions. A hand operated wax coating machine was developed to coat wax on mango fruits. Physiological loss in weight (PLW) and organoleptic properties of wax coated fruits and uncoated fruits (control) were measured periodically during the storage period. It was observed that the PLW was lower in wax coated samples than the control. From the results, it was also found that the shelf life of 6% wax emulsion coated mango fruits could be extended up to 12 days and for the control it was only 7 days.


The New Forest landscape around Lymington, in Hampshire, is dominated by an extraordinary and unexpected structure, a free-standing concrete tower with a height of 66.5m Built between 1879 and 1886, it was a pioneering enterprise, considered by many to be the tallest unreinforced concrete structure in the world.


The body weight records of 1221 heifers were used in this study collected from PT Taurus DairyFarm Sukabumi from year 2001 until 2011. The records that could be used for analysis were 373 out of1221 heifers, having completed data from birth to first mating period. Three different models i.e,Logistic, Gompertz, and von Bertalanffy were performed to analyze the growth rate of heifers. Theresults showed that the three models had different accuracy and heavily depend on age, environment andduration of recording. The body weights of sexual maturity and on certain ages were affected by theduration of recording. The Gompertz model was performed as the simpliest model in form ofcalculation. On the other hand, the Logistic was more difficult to calculate. All models indicated highaccuracy with the determination coefficient (R2) more than 90%. Based on the comparison, theGompertz and Logistic model are recommended for predicting the growth rate of heifers from birth tosexual maturity.


PERUMDA Drinking Water Tirta Mayang Jambi City has two processing systems, namely a manual system and SCADA system (suvervisory control and data aqustion) both systems have a manual processing capacity with a capacity of 300 l/d while the SCADA system with a capacity of 600 l/d. The result of the two water treatment systems show differences in terms of operating units and process units as well as water quality parameters include pH, residual chlorine and turbidity. The purpose of this research is to know the difference between manual system and SCADA system water treatment processat PERUMDA drinking water Tirta Mayang Jambi City. The method used is comparative quantitative analysis which compares the existence of one or more variables in two or more different samples, or at different times. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the burbidity parameter at a percentage of 10-40% between the manual system and the SCADA system, the effect of seasons also had an effect on turbidity. Where in the rainy seasons the quality of water turbidity increases significantly compared to the dry season.


As a joint European effort an ITER Toroidal Field Model Coil (TFMC) was manufactured in industry and has been assembled in the TOSKA test facility of the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe. After cool down and acceptance tests of the racetrack shaped coil made of a Nb/sub 3/Sn cable in conduit conductor the first test campaign started in July 2001 reaching the design current of 80 kA within one week. This paper describes the assembly in the test facility, summarizes the acceptance tests before and after cool down, and reports on the first test results.


"The effect of assumptions about factor structure on empirical tests of multifactor models such as the Arbitrage Pricing Policy Theory has received little attention in the literature. Using data on securities traded on the London Stock Exchange, we examine whether returns are best described by an approximate factor structure and whether assumptions about correlations across idiosyncratic returns have a significant impact on estimated prices of risk and their significance. Our findings suggest that returns are best described by an approximate factor structure and, if this is taken into account when empirically testing the APT, six factors carry significant prices of risk. However, if a strict factor structure is imposed, no factors carry significant prices of risk. These findings suggest that assumptions about factor structure matter in empirically testing the APT." Copyright Blackwell Publishers Ltd 1997.


The paper deals with estimation of parity progression ratios utilizing the data on open and closed birth intervals. For illustration, the procedure has been applied to the data from National Family Health Survey 1998-99 (NFHS-2). The significance of the technique lies essentially due to the fact that in this approach, data requirements for estimation of the same, are simple and the values itself may be less liable to be affected by various kinds of errors of data collection.


Abstract This paper examines two-dimensional liquid curtains ejected at an angle to the horizontal and affected by gravity and surface tension. The flow is, to leading order, shearless and viscosity, negligible. The Froude number is large, so that the radius of the curtain's curvature exceeds its thickness. The Weber number is close to unity, so that the forces of inertia and surface tension are almost perfectly balanced. An asymptotic equation is derived under these assumptions, and its steady solutions are explored. It is shown that, for a given pair of ejection velocity/angle, infinitely many solutions exist, each representing a steady curtain with a stationary capillary wave superposed on it. These solutions describe a rich variety of behaviours: in addition to arching downwards, curtains can zigzag downwards, self-intersect and even rise until the initial supply of the liquid's kinetic energy is used up. The last type of solutions corresponds to a separatrix between upward- and downward-bending curtains – in both cases, self-intersecting (such solutions are meaningful only until the first intersection, after which the liquid just splashes down). Finally, suggestions are made as to how the existence of upward-bending curtains can be tested experimentally.


Transgenic resistance to broad-spectrum herbicides is increasingly seen in various crops. With transgenic herbicie-resistant (THR) cultivars, application of broad-spectrum herbicides is no longer limited to the pre-emergence stage of the crop. Post-emergence application of these herbicides may be more effective in obtaining sufficient weed control compared with currently used herbicides, and herbicide treatment can be delayed compared with that in non-THR crops, thereby controlling weeds at a larger plant size. A well known side effect of glyphosate and glufosinate ammonium is the emergence of so-called 'herbicide-synergists', ie opportunistic root pathogens that accelerate the killing of roots that are herbicide-sensitive. These opportunistic plant pathogens, multiplying in the dying roots of weeds, may affect THR crops. In addition, suppressive effects of glyphosate and/or glufosinate ammonium on the saprophytic and antagonistic microflora have been reported and may enhance the activity of root pathogens. The authors hypothesize that delaying herbicide use in THR cultivars to optimize weed control results in increased infections by root pathogens. Controlled field experiments on the interactions between crops, pathogens and weeds are required to test this hypothesis.


In recent years, technological development has opened up new possibilities for health support, mobile health (mHealth) being one of them. mHealth apps are becoming more accessible to patients and are oriented to a variety of diseases, from the most common to the least prevalent. What is more, it has been reported that the information and additional support provided by these technologies can improve the patient-physician relationship in many aspects such as patients' confidence, self-management, quality of life, and even health outcomes such as glycemic index control in diabetes, on which this letter focuses its interest. Due to this background, we analyzed the features of free diabetes apps in the Google Play Store. For that purpose, we searched the term "Diabetes" in the Google Play Store on January 23, 2017, and filtered the results using the "free" apps option. Only apps in Spanish and with the following characteristics were considered: number of downloads, qualification, and target audience. For functions and features, the following were considered: documentation, information, communication, analysis, suggestions for cooking recipes, reminder, and counseling/ emotional support. A total of 114 mobile applications were obtained; 39 were excluded based on inability to match criteria. Of the total, 70 (93.3%) had the patients as their target. Within this group, 46 (65.71%) showed only one type of function, the most frequent related to "information." The functions with the most downloads and qualifications were related to the following topics: analysis, documentation, and reminder. The remaining functions are described in detail in Table 1. The majority of analyzed applications showed a single function, which matches with previous studies that explored diabetes apps in other languages. Applications that are related to diabetes self-management were the most popular; however, without a medical guidance according to the type of diabetes, its use can be dangerous. It is important at this point to emphasize that privacy, accuracy, and security should be guaranteed. Related to this matter, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has claimed that applications should be medically regulated, especially when patients receive recommendations about outcomes, diagnoses, and treatments. Finally, we consider it important to report these results so we can all to be aware of what patients are exposed to and consider their interests.


With the development of adjuvant treatment that may prolong patient survival, early detection of metastatic melanoma is more important than ever.


The antibacterial activities of the chloroform and water extracts of Ferula persica var. persica (Apiaceae) roots were studied by the disk diffusion method. While the chloroform extract of F. persica roots showed antibacterial activity, the water extract of the roots at the concentrations that tested did not show any activity. By bioassay-guided fractionation of the chloroform extract of the roots by preparative thin layer chromatography (PTLC) a compound was found which was active against some bacteria. By conventional spectroscopy methods the active fraction was identified as umbelliprenin. This coumarin was mostly active against B. subtillis, B. cereus, E. coli, K. ponumoniae, S. typhi, S. aureus, and S. epidermilis.


Rapid population growth is a problem for all regions, especially in big cities. Because uncontrolled population growth will result in an increase in the need for housing, the amount of land needed for settlements will also increase. This paper presents spatial data modeling to determine the suitability of settlements on land with the land suitability potential index (LSPI) approach based on geographic information system (GIS) technology. Mapping the suitability of residential land using the LSPI approach is based on multi-criteria parameters of topography/relief, lithology, type of soil, hydrology, and disaster vulnerability. The private dataset from the Department of Regional Development Planning Agency of Jepara district, is the subject of our analysis. The results show that the superiority of the area that will produce a layer of information on mapping land suitability for settlements has a good land suitability classification category value with a land suitability potential index value of 25. The results of this trial state that this method can produce settlement land suitability maps, which are classified into three types, namely non-suitable, low-suitable, and suitable.


A normally‐white LC design has been developed for use with an all digital backplane LCoS imager. We detail the optimizations to enhance static and dynamic performance in an LCoS projection engine. Drive voltage, contrast, efficiency and dynamic response have all been optimized. Optimization details are described and results are presented.


In the public discourse and academic opinions oftenwe happen to face with the terms ofmodernism, globalization, global world, global economy, global village, and similar. In different fields these terms, and especially the globalization, has got different meanings,each of which with a common denominator that represents the character of generalizing a process, its elements and principles of which cooperate as a whole. In one way or another the question of the globalization and its effects on society, economics, science and technology has provided the right place in studying social, economic, technical, scientific or medical fields, however – globalization gained its place also in the field of philosophy. In philosophy the theme of globalization has received a special interest. While in other areas, globalization was to take into account generalizing character, in the field of philosophy, globalization takes distinctive character, ie, the process of globalization and its effect into human being itself. The human being according to the recent philosophers, in influence of globalizing effects, has undergone some changes in the psychological, aesthetic, epistemological and ontological domains. Here, of course, there are many aspects to analyze, however what interests most recent philosophers is the impacts of globalization in the well-being of the human being itself. There are various theories, sometimes contradictory and sometimes compatible with each other, however what makes impressions in this discourse is that the process of globalization has shaken the basics of how huamn being is defined. In this context, one of the 20th century's most famous sociologists and philosophers, Zygmunt Bauman, poses a lot of doubts about whether globalization is compatible with human nature or does not, or if the degree of alienation will tranform human being transformed into something else. In extensive analysis of the latter, Bauman uses notions such as modern fever, panoptic syndrome, synoptic effect, space-wars, tourists and vagabonds etc., demanding to describe the essential human involvement in the globalization process. In addition, Bauman in the process of globalization notice the compression of time –as he deposits the term - which creates the so-called new global social stratas, which dismantle the classical sociological structures, as we have previously referred to in social sciences. The latter, and other theories, will be analyzed separately in our paper that seeks to see globalization through another prism - such as philosophy does.


We standardized initiation, multiplication, rooting and acclimatization conditions of papaya cv Maradol hermaphrodite plants from axillary buds produced in temporary immersion reactor RITA ® . Recipients contained 200 ml of Fitch liquid cultu- re medium, and four shoots of 2 to 3 cm. in length were placed in each. The bioreactors were connected to three different immersion lines of 5, 2, and 1 min each 4h, with 6 containers per line on average, in 16 h photoperiod. After 30 to 45 days, the shoots produced were quantified and classified according to size: 3 cm with or without roots (large). The first two types of shoots were multiplied in the same culture media, and more elongated shoots were acclimatized using Autotrophic Hydroponic System (AHS). The sanity and fidelity of the produced plants were de- termined using ELISA and RAPD, respectively. For a period of six months 47 vessels were recycled and 1,091 shoots were produced: 377 small; 482 medium; 175 large without roots and 57 rooted shoots. Using AHS, 89.5% acclimatized plants were obtained when rooted shoots were used, and 41.6% from rootless shoots. With the combination of RITA and AHS techniques we achieved a continuous and efficient production of healthy and true to type papaya plants, in comparison to conventional micropropagation and acclimatization procedures.


Information acquisition apparatus includes a pulse generator 9, the detector 10, a first delay unit 15, the second delay unit 16 and the calculation unit. A first pulse generator 9 is excited by the laser beam to generate a terahertz wave pulse form. Detector 10 is excited by the second laser beam with a first coherent laser beam, thereby detecting the terahertz wave from the terahertz wave irradiated object 2. A first delay unit 15 changes the delay time so that the detector 10 can detect the terahertz wave pulse signals from the object 2. The time width of the pulse signal of the second delay unit 16 changes the delay time, is not greater than the amount of change detected by the detector 10. When the calculating unit according to the delay time of the first delay unit a second delay unit changes the delay time detector 10 detects the signal information, the time information about the calculated position of the peak determines the terahertz wave pulse signal from the object 2.


This paper describes and summarizes the performance of three unbonded Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement (CRCP) overlays of existing jointed pavements. One project studied has performed for over 20 years with a variety of CRCP overlay thickness and steel percentages. Also studied was one concrete overlay or "white topping" of an existing flexible pavement. Traffic on the CRCP overlays ranged from 1,150,000 to 17,000,000 ESALs while the "white topping" received approximately 89,300 ESALs.


One basic work to ensure the electric power system equipment is `Equipment patrol system'. The paper introduces PDA technology's application in power system's patrol management, and the equipment patrol inspesction system's function, characteristic.


Purpose:   Colonic inertia (CI) may co-exist with obstructed defaecation (OD). It is unclear if it adversely influences the results of surgery for OD. We aimed to compare the functional results of laparoscopic anterior rectopexy (LAR) for OD secondary to high-grade internal rectal prolapse (IRP) in those with normal colonic transit (NCT) and CI.

Methodology:   Patients with high-grade (recto-anal) IRP were evaluated with defaecating proctography and colonic transit study. Colonic transit time (CTT) (hours) was calculated by the number of pellets remaining in the colon and rectum at 7 days × 2.4. Patients were offered surgery for significant symptoms if they failed a program of conservative management. Constipation was prospectively assessed pre-op and at 3 months using Wexner constipation scores.

Results:   80 patients (93% female) underwent LAR for OD and IRP. Patients with NCT gave less history of stool infrequency currently (10% versus 32%) and in their 20's (17% versus 71%). 61 patients had normal colonic transit (CTT median 17, range 0–48 hours) and 19 had CI (CTT median 79, range 50–154 hours, p < 0.0001). Overall symptom improvement at 3 months was similar for NCT and CI (84% versus 84%, p = 0.97). Rates of total (50% versus 68%, p = 0.19) and partial (34% versus 16%, p = 0.16) symptom improvement were similar. Improvement in Wexner constipation score was similar for NCT (mean pre-op 13 to post-op 5) and CI (14 to 5), (p = 0.34).

Conclusions:   In the short term, colonic inertia has no adverse impact and may be disregarded when considering laparoscopic anterior rectopexy for obstructed defaecation and high-grade internal rectal prolapse.


A finite-element method has been developed that combines the segregated velocity-pressure equal-order formulation of the Navier-Stokes equation originated from the SIMPLE algorithm and the streamline upwind Petrov-Galerkin weighted residual method. To verify the proposed finite-element method, driven cavity flow and backward-facing step flow have been considered. The present results are compared with existing experimental results using laser Doppler velocimetry and numerical results using the finite-difference method and the velocity-pressure integrated, mixed-order interpolation method. It has been shown that the present method gives accurate results with less memory and execution time than the conventional finite-element method.


The following report contains the results and conclusions for the post irradiation examinations performed on RERTR-12 Insertion 2 experiment plates. These exams include eddy-current testing to measure oxide growth; neutron radiography for evaluating the condition of the fuel prior to sectioning and determination of fuel relocation and geometry changes; gamma scanning to provide relative measurements for burnup and indication of fuel- and fission-product relocation; profilometry to measure dimensional changes of the fuel plate; analytical chemistry to benchmark the physics burnup calculations; metallography to examine the microstructural changes in the fuel, interlayer and cladding; and microhardness testing to determine the material-property changes of the fuel and cladding. These characterization activities are tailored specifically to define: • The mechanical response of fuel meat, cladding, and interlayers, including diffusion barrier integrity • Whether geometry is stable and predictable; that changes in channel gap do not compromise ability to cool fuel • That fuel performance is known and predictable • A limited set of physical properties that are important for the analysis of fuel burnup limits • Whether swelling is stable and predictable.


This paper deals with adjusting the current controller of a boost DC-DC converter employed within the structure of a load simulator. We use the simulator to perform ground testing for a number of power supplies that involve renewables (solar cells, wind generators, etc.). The simulator generates DC current waveforms of various shapes. The DC current range is within 0…220 A. We use the current of 180 A as the reference value of the load current. The aim of this paper is to investigate a method of optimal controller adjustment for the boost DC-DC converter. We employed the magnitude optimum to fine-tune the controller. A simulation model of the boost converter was built in Matlab Simulink and the designed current controller options were implemented. The modeling results in the form of dynamic current and voltage waveforms were analyzed. The proposed technique of the current controller tuning proved to be valid. The performance indicators meet the requirements applied to the load simulators of power supplies.


The principle and typical sensing elements structure of quartz MEMS gyroscope have been introduced in this paper.The structure characteristics of sensing elements have been analyzed,and the structure has been optimized by using the finite element method.The suitable electrode pattern has been designed by using the piezoelectric effect of quartz crystal.The quartz MEMS processing technology has been introduced based on the sensing elements structure.The performance of quartz MEMS gyroscope has been improved by optimizing the structure and designing the electrode pattern suitably.At last,the primary performance and application fields of quartz MEMS gyroscope have been introduced.


A simple method is suggested for evaluating the surface energy at a polycrystal-meit interface. Results of sigma -bar12 calculations for body- centered cubic metals and experimental data on surface tension of liquid metals at their melting points are tabulated. The table indicates the interphase tension of metals at a polycrystal-melt interface as 8 to 15% of the surface tension at the melting point. (R.V.J.)


The rediscovery of the economy as a legitimate object of sociological and cultural enquiry is in full swing. This is long overdue, and follows a remarkable neglect of such issues for many decades. Organization theorists, sociologists and others have long studied organizations, institutions and networks. But a focus on the constitutive or performative role of calculative practices, and their role in the formation of markets and market relations, is more recent. This paper endorses much of the spirit of this recent rediscovery of the economy and economic relations, and suggests a framework for taking forward this overall agenda. First, the paper offers a brief reminder of the curiously punctuated history of sociological concerns with economic calculation. Second, it draws attention to the specificity of accounting as one particular mode of calculation, and reviews the range of studies that have sought to understand and analyse its constitutive capacities. Rather than appealing to economics as the sole or primary constitutive machine for the construction of the economy, it suggests a more differentiated and nuanced view of the range of expertises and modes of calculation that constitute the economy, markets and associated modes of power. Finally, the paper argues for a particular way of analysing the economy and its constituent practices. Most generally, this means suggesting a focus on the governing of economic life, the linkages and interdependencies between calculative practices and programmes for governing, and the assemblages formed.


At the level of both national and local territories, the cumulative processes of the technological specialization of countries accompany the tendency towards a spatial polarization of innovative activities. Until the eighties, the technological specialization of regions was not thwarted by the process of globalization, since firms integrated their innovative activities in their home country. However, since the nineties, the establishment of R&D activities abroad partly corresponds to consideration concerning the access to competences. The aim of this paper is to investigate whether the globalization of technology will have destabilizing effects on the technological specialization profiles of countries. Our contention is that it will not, as countries are the latter being strongly path-dependent since innovation and production systems remain deeply rooted in territories. In this perspective, the process of globalization will rather deepen the cognitive dimension of the international division of labor.


Problem. There has been growing concern that high-school students should be held more responsible fortheir educational results. This study aimed at developing a diligence inventory (DI) to measure the nature and extent of student involvement in their education. The purpose of the study was to develop the DI and to formulate a multiple-regression equation to predict competence (semester GPA) from diligence and ability (ACT score). It was envisioned that this model could suggest intervention for improved student performance through the diligence component. Method. Two hundred and thirty-seven high-school juniors and seniors participated in the study. Item analysis and factor analysis were used in the development of the DI. Correlational and multiple linear regression analyses were employed in the development of the regression model. Analysis of variance was used to establish construct validity of the DI and to determine demographic differences in diligence among students. Results. Diligence was defined as an expression or reflection of effort expended toward holistic developmentand was operationalized through five dimensions and 55 items. The five scales were: Motivation, Concentration and Assimilation, Conformity and Responsibility, Discipline, and Devotedness and Spirituality. No significant zero-order correlation was noted between students' diligence and ability scores. A significant zero-order correlation (.54) appeared between students' ability and competence scores and between students' diligence and competence scores (.32). A significant multiple correlation coefficient (.61) resulted between competence and a linear combination of diligence and ability. Significant main effects in diligence appeared for gender and grade. Females tended to be more diligent than males across the grades, and juniors appeared to be more diligent than seniors across genders. Of the three age groups studied, the youngest students tended to be more diligent than their older counterparts (p $<$.001). No significant difference was evident for the four socioeconomic levels studied. Conclusions. Diligence appears to be a useful phenomenon to explain student competence as well as suggest intervention measures for improvement. Used in combination with ability, diligence can address the question of equity as far as assigning grades and interpreting performance levels are concerned. For example, situations where able students do not expend effort and perform poorly, and converse situations, may be accounted for in a diligence-ability model.


The rapid increase in the use of aluminium-alloy bearings is the most important development in soft-metal bearings over the last ten years. The context of this development is outlined, and reference made to other developments of high potential, notably oxide dispersion hardened tin, and metal-plastic composites.


Abstract Utterances comprising corpora of language samples are fundamental units underlying many syntactic measurements of older children's language performances. This exploratory study examined the effects of the utterance definitions for T-unit, C-unit, Developmental Sentence Scoring (DSS), and Tone unit on seven measures of syntax in language samples of 10 normally achieving 11-year-old males. The effect of definition was statistically significant for all of the measures, with post hoc analyses identifying the definitional sources(s) of the differences. Although inter- and intra-rater reliability was high for measurement calculation, there was considerable inter-rater variation for utterance segmentation for one of the definitions. These findings have implications for research and clinical practice.


Background/Aim: Overall patients' satisfaction with services provided in a hospital is an objective of care, and also a desired outcome. Dissatisfied patients are more likely not to comply with prescriptions, follow-up appointments, or further use the health facility. Services provided in public health facilities in Nigeria have been perceived by both patients and health care providers as being poor. Teaching hospitals in Nigeria are the apex referral centers, with the General Outpatient Department (GOPD) being the first unit that patients mostly go to first. Waiting time and attitude of Original Research Article Ndibuagu et al.; IJTDH, 41(8): 1-10, 2020; Article no.IJTDH.58686 2 health workers are key contributors to overall patients' satisfaction. The objective of this study is to assess patients' satisfaction with waiting time, and attitude of health workers in the GOPD of a Teaching hospital in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study, conducted over three months in 2017 at the GOPD of Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. Structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used. Exit interview was conducted on randomly selected 13 patients as they were leaving the GOPD Pharmacy unit on Tuesdays and Thursdays of every week, until 313 respondents were interviewed. Results: A total of 313 patients were interviewed, 131 (41.9%) males and 182 (58.1%) females. Analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0, and the results were expressed as percentages. Patients' satisfaction score for the various items studied were found to be 53.7% for waiting time, 74.4% for attitude of Records staff, 78.3% for nurses, 71.9% for doctors, 70.6% for time spent with doctor, 72.5% with doctor's explanation and 40.6% with privacy. Conclusions: Overall satisfaction with services rendered at the GOPD was 60.4%. Identifying and implementing interventions that will enhance patients satisfaction, shall improve health facility


The present study reports the invasion of noxious, aggressive alien weed parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorous L.) in grazing lands of Lahore, Pakistan. Parthenium was found in all the five studied areas of Lahore exhibiting 100% prevalence. Out of total 53 weed species found in the surveyed areas, only 5 weed species other than parthenium showed 100% prevalence. Parthenium was found to be the second most densely populated weed species with absolute density (AD) of 16.8 and relative density (RD) of 15.59%, the first being the Cynodon dactylon Pers. with AD of 36 and RD of 33.4%. The other densely populated species with AD ranging from 1.5 - 5.78 were Cypreus rotundus L., Croton sparsiflorus Morong, Euphorbia pilulifera L., E. prostrata L., Malvestrum tricuspidatum A. Gray, Brachiaria ramose (L.) Stapf, Dactyloctenium aegyptium Beauv., Digitaria timorensis (Kunth) Balansa, Echinochloa colonum (L.) Link and Eleusine indica Gaertn. All other weed species showed AD below 1.0. The highest coverage was exhibited by C. dactylon (50%) followed by parthenium (30%). Key Word: aggressive, noxious, parthenium, weed, relative density.


In the Turkish education system, it is aimed to educate gifted students in particular, as investigative and inquisitive individuals who have the ability to think critically and creatively. In this respect, the creative problem solving abilities of 21 students, studying at Balikesir Sciences and Arts Center in the second semester of the academic year 2013/14, identified as gifted by the Counseling and Research Center (CRC) and who were considered appropriate for taking mathematics courses at the sciences and arts center, were examined. The research was carried out using qualitative research methods, within the framework of a content analysis model.


Housing sector is one of the important greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions which result global warming. In order to trace the energy use before and after primary energy factor of electricity adjustment, this paper analyzed the primary energy factor of electricity of the end user in Taiwan from 1982 to 2009 first. Then the compositions of the primary energy use and emissions in Taiwan housing sector were analyzed. The share of electricity use in total energy use of the housing sector was 64.2% at 2009 before primary energy factor of electricity adjustment. By using primary energy factor of the electricity demand of the year as adjustment, the share of the primary energy use of the electricity increased as 84.4%. Results of the research also showed that the annual log growth rate of the primary energy use induced by electricity use was 6.45% in Taiwan housing sector from 1982 to 2009. The total primary energy use of the housing sector in 2009 was about 5.7 times of which in 1982. Respect to emission factor of the housing sector, the research showed that the annual log growth rate of GHG Emissions of the housing sector was 7.81% from 1982 to 2009. The total GHG Emissions of the housing sector in 2009 was about 8.25 times of which in 1982. The shares of emissions from electricity in housing sector were 59.6% in 1982, and 86.6% in 2009. These results showed that the use of electricity was one of the major sources of the housing emissions growth this period.


Acknowledgements List of Tables List of Figures 1. Introduction 2. Why has Inequality Increased under Globalization 3. Working in Chile: Reform, Repression and Flexibility since 1973 4. Foreign Competition, Corporate Strategies and Wage Suppression in the Cosmetics Industry 5. When Moving Up the Value Chain Isn't Enough: Temporary Labor in Chile's Agroindustry 6. Rent-hoarding in an Open Economy: The Effects of Free Trade on Low-Skilled Chilean Workers 7. Summary and Conclusion Appendix 1 - Data Sources Appendix 2 - Interview Questionnaire References Notes Bibliography Index


A method for manufacturing a micro flux gate sensor is provided to improve electrical characteristics and to reduce defect rate by using a photoresist pattern to form connecting units. An excitation coil and a lower coil unit of an electric field detecting coil are formed on a wafer(100). Connecting units having a predetermined height are formed at both ends of the lower coil unit by using a photoresist pattern. A first dielectric(140) is formed to cover the lower coil unit and the connecting units. A magnetic core(150) is formed on the first dielectric. A second dielectric(160) is formed to cover the magnetic core. An upper coil unit(135) is electrically connected to the connecting unit to form the excitation coil and the magnetic field detecting coil. A third dielectric is formed to cover the upper coil unit.


The last few years have witnessed some remarkable success of the stateof-
the art unsupervised knowledge extraction systems like NELL and REVERB.
These systems are gifted with typically web-scale coverage but are often plagued
with ambiguity due to lack of proper schema or unique identifiers for the instances.
This classifies them apart from extraction systems like DBPEDIA, YAGO or FREEBASE
which have precise information content but have smaller coverage. In this
work we bring together the former to enrich the later with high precision novel
facts and present a statistical approach to discover new knowledge. In particular,
we semantify NELL triples using DBPEDIA.


Plasma S, antithrombin III, fibrinogen were normal. The patient on dose-adjusted low-molecular-weight heparin the neurorehabilitation ABSTRACT Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is an uncommon type of venous thromboembolism whose diagnosis is often difficult due to its vague and non-specific clinical findings. Sometimes, the diagnosis is delayed as the symptoms were considered to be attributable to the underlying etiology, especially in patients with brain tumors such as high-grade glioma (HGG). We described the case of a 60-year-old male patient who presented with headache, generalized seizures, and right hemiparesis soon after receiving brain radiation and temozolomide therapy for HGG of the left thalamus. Initially, his symptoms were considered to be due to his underlying tumor but the subsequent imaging revealed left transverse, left sigmoid, and superior sagittal sinus thrombosis with venous hemorrhagic infarct of the left occipitoparietal lobe. The patient was started on anticoagulant therapy and symptoms resolved completely within a month. Clinicians should always consider CVST in the differential diagnosis of non-specific neurological symptoms, especially in patients with underlying brain tumors.


incorporates and how they 'fit' as part of a broader health team in CDM. RAP-eL access was intentionally aligned with commencement of their rheumatology unit: this temporal window optimising the milieu for learning. The strong narrative orientation of RAP-eL and use of audiovisual materials depicting patients and clinicians resonates with real-world practice: 'stories' are powerful learning tools. We believe this was a key lever to increase confidence in knowledge of rheumatoid arthritis as a CDM example. The transferability of discipline-specific educational resources, developed in an interdisciplinary framework, to other disciplines provides an opportunity to share clinical training and set the scene for the emerging health workforce in a way that bypasses some of the limitations of traditional monodisciplinary education.


The formulation,the technological conditions and the product properties of polyurethane materials for low density long fiber injection(LFI) process were studied.It is found that the optimum formulation(mass) is polyether polyols(average functionality ≈ 4) 100 parts,mixed delay catalyst YC-1 0.8 parts,water 0.6 ̄1.0 parts,physical foaming agent 5 ̄8 parts,foam stabilizer B8870 1.0 ̄ 2.0 parts;the isocyanate index is 1.05 ̄1.15;the technological conditions are the raw material temperature of about 35℃,the mould temperature of 50 ̄55℃,demoulding time of 4.5 ̄5 minutes.


The purpose of the research is to find out wether Quantum Teaching model can improve science achievement students of class V SD Negeri Pilahan Yogyakarta in the academic year of 2016/2017. It is an Classroom Action Research. The result shows improvement on students achievement. Prior to the study, the students achievement reaches 44% with average value 69. In the first cycle, reaches 62% with average value 75. More significantly,in the second cycle it reaches 87% with average value 87. In addition, the learning process 64% in first cycle and increase to 82% in the second cycle. It can be concluded that the Quantum Teaching model can improve students achievement and learning process.


3,4,3 LI 1,2 HOPO 1 or LIHOPO (1,5,10,14-tetra (1-hydroxy-2-pyridone-6-oyl)-1,5,10,14-tetraazatetradecane.) is a decorporation agent used against actinides. It was synthesised labelled with carbon 14 with a view to metabolism studies. [6,9-14C]-LIHOPO 2 was obtained in two radioactive steps through a very convenient synthesis in 50% radioactive yield from commercially available [1,4-14C]-spermine, hydrochloride and 1-benzyloxy-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridine-2-carbonyl chloride 7. The synthesis of 7 is also described. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The barriers of climate change mitigation and mechanisms to overcome these barriers and achieve transformative changes towards carbon neutral society need to be investigated in order to define the main drivers and barriers of transformative change towards carbon neutrality and how policies and measures can be developed to overcome barriers and to support drivers. The main drivers of transformative change that include various types of institutions including social norms and rules, governance schemes, cultural values, demographic, social, economic, technical and technological elements are analysed and systematized based on literature review. Transformative change towards carbon neutral society necessitates systematic changes as simple scaling-up is not enough. These important roles are the levers or main pathways for achieving transformative change towards a carbon neutral society.


A 5-year-old boy was admitted to the hospital with a high fever and abnormal gait. Magnetic resonance imaging showed extensive swelling of the quadriceps and adductor muscles around the right hip and anterior thigh. A duplex scan demonstrated a thrombus from the external iliac vein to below the popliteal vein. The blood culture revealed Streptococcus pyogenes. The patient was immediately treated with antibiotics and anticoagulants. Follow-up sonography demonstrated complete disappearance of the venous thrombosis. We report a case of streptococcal myositis complicated by deep vein thrombosis. (Korean J Pediatr Infect Dis 2009;16:87-91)


The study investigated factors associated with the inadequate consumption of selected vitamin A-rich foods in Iddo Local Government Area of Oyo State. The population for the study includes all heads of randomly selected households within the selected villages in Iddo Local Government Area of Oyo State. An interview schedule was used to elicit information from 140 respondents on their sociocultural and economic situation that influences the consumption of selected vitamin A-rich foods, the health factors that affect the consumption of selected vitamin A-rich foods and the production strategies of vitamin A-rich foods in the study area. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the data while Chi-square and correlation was used to test the hypotheses. The study population was dominated by farmers (61.43%). Respondents consume eggs most among the animal sources of vitamin A, while they consume leafy vegetables, pepper, and palm oil more than other plant sources, implying there is no cultural barrier against the consumption of vitamin A-rich foods. The cost of the sources is the greatest factor mitigating against vitamin A food consumption. A significant relationship existed between respondents' health situations and consumption of vitamin A-rich food (r = 0.80, p < 0.05). Sources of income (x2=26.32, p = 0.00), household size (x2 = 8.77, p = 0.03) and contact with extension agents (x2= 11.36, p = 0.003) influence respondents' consumption of vitamin A-rich food sources among others, while respondents' occupation (x2 = 8.71, p = 0.07) had no influence on their consumption pattern. The study concludes that respondents are not well educated of the importance of preventive health care.


Abstract : This study aims to implement Naive Bayes method to classify the patients by using RapidMiner software. So, the calculations generated from Naive Bayes method in accordance with the result of calculations that are implemented with RapidMiner software. The specific objectives in this study is to analyze the accuracy level of the use Naive Bayes method in classifying patients based  on the status. This study was conducted at Puskesmas Sawah Lebar Bengkulu from December 2016 until October 2017. In this study, the data collection is done by using observation method and library research. The result showed that there is implementation of Naive Bayes by using RapidMiner software in classifying patients based on patient status and the calculation process can be more objective, run well and fast. Keyword : Naive Bayes, RapidMiner