This work deals with the routing of vehicles for material delivery to assembly lines. In this problem, parts are stored in central depot to be distributed to points of use located along the production line. Production rate in the assembly line is considered constant, which means that parts are delivered to points of use periodically. The boxes or containers with parts are moved by a fleet of tow cars using wheeled towed carts. The objective of this problem is to determine a set of routes that use the tow cars, aiming to maximize their utilization while ensuring that the demand for parts along the assembly line is fulfilled. This problem is common to several companies and has direct impacts on material handling costs. This subject is not commonly found in the literature, and several companies use operator experience to determine the routes of tow cars. In this work, we propose a heuristic based on insertion and improvement procedures to find a good solution for the problem. The heuristic was applied to a real problem and yielded to the reduction of the number of routes when compared to manual solution.


This work proposes a model to manage votes in a distributed network. Each node votes for one of the alternatives. The vote is shared with the neighbors, and the process repeats until it converges and all the nodes have the final result. If all nodes behave properly, all nodes know the final result for the voting. Nevertheless, cheating nodes may exist that manipulates the votes. The proposal includes a mechanism to detects when one or several nodes cheat during the diffusion process and to correct the obtained values.


Purpose: To commission a commercial Monte Carlo (MC) simulation package, NXEGS (Numerix LLC), for photon beam dose calculations. We investigated within NXEGS the EGS4 compatibility mode, fast MC, and post processing (PostP). Method and Materials: We commissioned NXEGS and Pinnacle 6.2b with the same set of measured data. We compared its dose calculation accuracy and efficiency with the collapsed cone convolution algorithm in Pinnacle and the National Research Council EGS4. Dose distributions were compared in three phantoms: a water phantom to check the output and beam profiles; a water phantom with a lung slab to test the inhomogeneity correction; and a water phantom with 1- 3 cm diameter cylindrical air pockets to test the PostP algorithm. We also compared fast MC using PostP with Pinnacle for a three-field lung treatment plan. Number of histories is chosen to give +/− 2% dose accuracy at the isocenter. All doses were converted to cGy per MU. Results: Fast MC improves computational speed by a factor of ∼10 from the EGS4 compatibility mode. PostP decreases number of histories required and hence the computation time by another factor of ∼10. PostP adds ∼1 minute per 106 dose voxels. Inside the lung slab, fast MC with PostP differed from Pinnacle by ∼0.03cGy/MU with a misalignment of ∼2mm whereas fast MC with PostP agreed within 0.03cGy/MU of EGS4. PostP did not preserve the dose perturbation from ⩾1cm air inhomogeneities. Conclusion: Without PostP, the accuracy and computational time scaled with number of histories. When we specify ±2% accuracy in the target volume, the dose calculation time using fast MC with PostP is comparable to Pinnacle for a three-field lung plan. NXEGS fast MC with PostP predicts the dose spread due to electron transport in lung with good accuracy-to-speed ratio and is suitable for routine treatment planning.


Single crystals of zircon as large as 0.7 cm and phenacite as large as 1.5 cm were grown from molten alkali metal vanadates and molybdates. The best crystals were obtained by slow cooling melts of Na2O·3MoO3 or Li2O·3MoO3 saturated with zircon or phenacite from 1400° to 900°C at a rate of 2° per hour. Crystals grown on a seed by a thermal gradient process contained inclusions although rates up to 1 mm per day were obtained. Zircon crystals could be doped with Nd3+, Eu3+, Pr2+, Fe3+, Cr3+, and Mn2+. The rare earths fluoresced at their characteristic frequencies but no fluorescence was observed from the transition metal ions. Zircon crystals had the characteristic habit, being bounded by m (110) and p (111) faces. Phenacite had a rhombohe-dral habit when grown above 1000° and crystallized as hexagonal needles below that temperature. The solubility of zircon in Na2O·3MoO3 obeys the Van't Hoff equation with a heat of solution of 5.5 kcal per mole. The heat of solution of zircon and phenacite increased when V2O5 was substituted for MoO3 in the solvent, increased when NazO was substituted for Li2O, and increased further when K2O was substituted. The solubility was higher in solvents containing V2O5 than in those containing Moo3. Solvent-solute interactions were strongest when the solvents were strong Lewis acids since zircon and phenacite behave as bases.


Abstract This article is dedicated to the general finite-volume framework used to discretize and solve saddle-point problems of various physics. The framework applies the Ostrogradsky–Gauss theorem to transform a divergent part of the partial differential equation into a surface integral, approximated by the summation of vector fluxes over interfaces. The interface vector fluxes are reconstructed using the harmonic averaging point concept resulting in the unique vector flux even in a heterogeneous anisotropic medium. The vector flux is modified with the consideration of eigenvalues in matrix coefficients at vector unknowns to address both the hyperbolic and saddle-point problems, causing nonphysical oscillations and an inf-sup stability issue. We apply the framework to several problems of various physics, namely incompressible elasticity problem, incompressible Navier–Stokes, Brinkman–Hazen–Dupuit–Darcy, Biot, and Maxwell equations and explain several nuances of the application. Finally, we test the framework on simple analytical solutions.


The study evaluated the efficacy of methanolic extracts of Ruta chalepensis L. (Rutaceae), Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Solanaceae),Cleome paradoxa (B. Br.) (Capparaceae) and Heliotropium longiflorum (Hochst & Steud. ex A. DC.) Jaub.&Spach (Boraginaceae) aerial parts against Culex pipiens larvae. Different concentrations (100-500ppm) of the methanolic extracts of the plants were tested towards larval mortality and development of C. pipiens separately. Larval mortalities were counted at 2, 4 and 10 days after treatment. Egg hatchability was determined at 4 and 7 days after treatment. Percentage of successful pupation and adult emergence were determined by monitoring on daily basis until all adults in the control had emerged. All plants extracts exhibited variable activities. The greatest effect was with R. chalepensis which showed acute (2 days) and chronic (10 days) LC50 of 132.6 & 96.56 ppm, respectively. Larval mortality up to 84.47% &85.53%, were observed with C. paradoxa and R. Chalepensis respectively. Egg hatch was significantly reduced about equal with R. chalepensis and W. somnifera extracts. Concentration levels of C. paradoxa (≥200 ppm) and H. longiflorum (≥400ppm) showed significant hindrance to the larval development and reduction to resulting pupae and adults. Drastic development retardation was shown with extract of C. paradoxa leaves (300ppm), but only 15.3% & 5.6% of larvae reach pupal and adult stages respectively. The larvicidal activity of methanolic extracts of R. chalepensis, W. somnifera, C. paradoxa, H.longiflorum proved to be effective against C. pipiens larvae.


This paper is based on clinical data derived from 35 patients having worn a variety of contact lenses on a continuous wear basis for periods up to two years. Aspects discussed include oedema-induced changes in the ocular parameters, miscellaneous disturbances to corneal integrity and adverse eye reactions.

Although there has been considerable variation in the corneal swelling response (depending on contact lens gas transmission, patient age and state of the cornea), most patients have shown adaptation within the first one to two weeks. Epithelial microvesicular changes have been observed in a significant number of patients. The adverse eye reactions encountered included corneal ulceration, pannus and acute 'red-eye' reaction.


The outbreak of the novel (SARS-CoV-2), known as COVID-19, has sparked global severe physical and mental health concerns in many spheres. Part of the identified mental health factors affecting people's psychosocial well-being is an increased level of health worries due to perception of vulnerability, which has been raised by excessive exposure to news, information on rising cases, mortality, and many others. This study focuses on the predictive influence of perceived vulnerability to COVID-19 infection among Nigeria residents during the COVID-19 outbreak. A total of 355 Nigerians, 175 (49.3%) males, 180 (50.7%) females aged between 18 years and 42 years (M = 27.24, SD =7.05) participated in the study through an online snowball method. Data was collected using the Perceived Vulnerability to Disease Questionnaire (PVDQ) and Mental Health Continuum Scale- Short Form (MHC-SF). Analysis of results reveals a high prevalence of low psychosocial well-being. That perceived vulnerability to COVID-19 infection significantly predicts psychosocial wellbeing (F (1,353) = 71.8, adj. R2 =.165, p <.01) among respondents. No significant sex influence was observed on psychosocial well-being; educational qualifications and marital status were found to influence the psychosocial well-being of Nigerian during COVID-19 Pandemic significantly. The authors conclude that perceived vulnerability to COVID-19 infection predicts the psychosocial well-being of Nigeria residents during the COVID-19 Pandemic outbreak.


The polarographic reduction of C5H5NiNO in DMF and ACN has been investigated. The first step of reduction involves an irreversible transfer of one electron to form an instable radical anion. On the basis of polarographic, voltammetric and coulometric measurements an overall mechanism is suggested.


A framework is developed to study the transient analysis of composite laminated plates with embedded discrete and continuous sensors in the presence of delaminations. The computational modeling involves development of a finite element scheme using an improved layerwise laminate theory to model laminates of arbitrary thickness. Parametric studies are conducted using laminated plates with both embedded sensors and continuous sensor architecture. The response of the plates under both low-frequency vibration and high-frequency acoustic emission are investigated. The effects on plate displacement and sensor outputs due to delaminations are studied. The scattering of the acoustic emission caused by the presence of delaminations is also investigated. It is expected that the developed model would be a useful tool in simulation studies aimed at characterizing the presence of delaminations in composite laminated structures.


Dorsal dislocation of the MP joint of the finger is a relatively rare injury. The most common digit involved is the index finger. We presented a case with complex dislocation of the MP joint of the little finger which was thought to be quite rare. This case involved a 52-year-old man who injured his little finger by hyperextension. Closed reduction failed and open reduction was carried out with the dorsal approach. Operative findings revealed that the structures obstacled closed reduction were volar plate and bilateral collateral ligaments which tightened the volar plate bilaterally. From our previous experiences and this case, we concluded that the main structure blocking the closed reduction in the complex dorsal dislocation of the MP joint is not a special structure described by Kaplan (FDC, lumbrical muscle, natatory ligament and superficial transverse metacarpal ligament), but volar plate connecting with deep transverse metacarpal ligament and collateral ligament which tightened the volar plate.From these cases, the dorsal approach is recommended because it is easier to confirm the blocking structures and to reduce the dislocation. Also the neurovascular bundle is not as likely to be damaged.This mechanism reduces the surgical exposure. It is difficult to confirm the mechanism using the volar approach and the neurovascular bundle is more easily damaged during this exposure.The dorsal approach is recommended because it gives full exposure of the volar plate, it is easier to use for open reduction and there is no risk of damaging the neurovascular bundle.


A chemical energy storage and transportation system is conceived based on sulfuric acid decomposition and synthesis processes using hot oxygen as a vector. A thermodynamic assessment is carried out to determine the thermal performance of the process; it is found that the energy storage density is about 0.58 GJ/m/sup 3/ for 365 cycles per year operation, the overall thermal energy storage efficiency is about 62 percent, the energy transportation efficiency is about 29 percent, and the thermal to mechanical energy conversion efficiency is about 25 percent.


differing markedly from that previously known and this, taking into particular account the limited distribution of fully enclosed cairns and the main concentration of two-chambered tombs, leads him to propose entries somewhere between northern Mayo and southern Donegal with an eastern overland spread to Armagh, Down and Antrim, a complete reversal of the orthodox view. In considering the grave-goods from court cairns de Valera recognizes the urgent need for more excavation in the west of Ireland, but notes the predominance of pottery of western neolithic character and among flint types of leaf arrowheads and concave scrapers and the corresponding absence of the Beaker pottery and barbed and tanged arrowheads associated with wedge-shaped cairns. In the course of a further section on ritual he describes the sparing decoration found on stones from only three sites. The concluding sections of the monograph discuss the relationships of court cairns to other leading types of tomb both in Ireland and in the British Isles and France. Although inevitably more controversial Professor de Valera's views as set out in these sections are bound to command respect in so far as they rest on a much more exact and comprehensive knowledge of the Irish material than has been available to his predecessors. It seems likely that his thesis of an easterly drift of the court cairn idea will be widely accepted, even if his logical derivation of the long cairns of south-west Scotland from the Irish series meets for a time with some local resistance. British prehistorians will turn with special interest to the stimulating sections dealing with the Manx, Welsh and Cornish, as well as with the Severn-Cotswold sites. Professor de Valera's discussion of the unchambered long barrow is unfortunately open to the criticism that it is conducted in terms which fail to take account of at least one set of possible relationships: he writes as though the North European Plain was a geographical concept beyond his cognisance and as though such things as hunsbeds and Kujavian graves were situated on the moon. Readers of this review will be left in no doubt that Professor de Valera and his colleagues have opened up a new era in the study of the megalithic tombs of Ireland. One may hope that the remaining volumes of the Survey will be speedily published and that means will be found in the immediate future for excavating selected monuments in key areas of the west of Ireland. Again, it is evident that much travel awaits Professor de Valera as he seeks to trace the sources of the Irish tombs and one may hope that he is able to widen this to encompass the all extensive territories involved in the prehistory of Great Britain and Ireland during the neolithic times. GRAHAME CLARK


Asian nation is that the second giants in population and lots of crops Indian farmers will cultivate and Most of the farmers cultivate cotton in large numbers however the cotton plant disease is that the major drawback within the past few decades which leads to a loss of crops, their productivity and cash additionally. The Cotton leaves square measure littered with the malady named genus Cercospora, microorganism blight, Ascochyta blight, and Target spot generally observed by farmers could also be long, high-priced and generally inaccurate. The Cotton {leaf malady|plant disease} Detection Associate in Nursing distinguishing the disease at an early stage could be a terribly tough task for the farmers. If the infection or malady on the crops wasn't known by the farmers at the initial level then it'll be harmful to the crops additionally as for farmers. The IoT gadget has different sensors on the way to give the studying of temperature, humidity, PH value and the humidity within the soil.


A key aspect of the design of specific tariff structures is to identify and characterize homogeneous electricity consumption profiles. Recent research in residential electricity demand has explored load profile segmentation via cluster analysis combined with descriptive data from the dwelling and occupants, which has partly explained electricity load patterns and their underlying drivers but has failed to investigate any consumption heterogeneity among similar households. Thus, the aim of this paper is to reverse this approach and investigate the extent that households with similar characteristics have different electricity consumption patterns. This study combines population-based register data with hourly electricity consumption data for a sample of 67 Danish households. First, a homogenous household group is selected based on several indicators that signal vulnerability. The specific group under investigation is single-person, older, low-income households in detached housing. Second, K-means clustering is used to identify similarities and differences in consumption patterns. The results indicate four distinct vulnerable household profiles characterized by different start and end times of peak and off-peak times, peak intensities, and overall consumption, which vary across seasons. These profiles are discussed concerning the performance of everyday practices and the design of demand-side management strategies targeted at vulnerable households.


As a new important member of CD28/B7 co-signaling,the PD-1/PD-L pathway has critical roles in regulating T cell activation and tolerance.PD-1 is a surface inhibitory receptor bound to two ligands,and PD-L1 and PD-L2 studies show that PD-1-PD-L interactions down-regulate T-cell response and regulate the secret of cytokines.This paper reviews the roles of PD-1/PD-L pathway in immune tolerance,microbial infection and tumor immune escape.


Epicures' thoughts on ethics play an important role in the history of Western ethics even though misunderstandings often occur.His way of diagnosing people's morbid attitudes toward life according to the influences of nature,society,and the innermost in the late Greece Empire has proved that Epicures' thoughts are full of active and dialectical points of view.


Reddish purple-colored fruits and vegetables contain high level of anthocyanins, which are well known to exert antioxidant, cardioprotective and hepatoprotective actions. In the present study, the effect of purified anthocyanin on the liver injury and dysfunction induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) was investigated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected intraperitoneally with CCl₄ at a dose of 1.1 mL/㎏ to induce hepatic damage. The rats were orally administered with anthocyanin (50, 160 or 500 ㎎/㎏) 4 hr and 30 min prior to as well as 4 hr and 20 hr after CCl₄ challenge. Four hr following final anthocyanin treatment (24 hr after CCl₄ injection), time-course of blood concentration of intravenously-injected bromosulphalein were examined. In addition, blood parameters of hepatic injury in accordance with histopathological findings were analyzed. The biliary excretion time and clearance of bromosulphalein were greatly delayed by CCl₄ injection, which were recovered by anthocyanin (160-500 ㎎/㎏). CCl₄ drastically increased the blood markers of hepatotoxicity, and caused centrilobular congestion, hepatocytic degeneration, lipid droplets and inflammatory cell infiltration, leading to disintegration of hepatic cords The increased biochemical parameters and hepatic lesions induced by CCl₄ were significantly attenuated by anthocyanin treatment. The results suggest that anthocyanin might prevent liver dysfunction induced by CCl₄, and that anthocyanin could be a potential candidate for the prevention of hepatic disorders.


A histological study was conducted on 82 subjects of both sexes (Male 41 Female 41) from the compact portion of mandible to determine age by Balwant Rai Equation. In majority of the cases it was observed that the low (2-6 years) as compared to actual age. INTRODUCTION Identification and determination of unknown human skeletal remains has been one of the most challenging tasks for forensic medico-legal. Age is an extremely vital parameter in personal identity of living subjects as well as skeletonised dead bodies. Determination of age from skeletal remains has been studied and analysed by many workers. 1,2,3,4,5,6 The determination of age at time of death from histology of compact bone was has been studied by researchers. It is not only possible to differentiate between human and nonhuman bone fragments. (Schranz, 1954) but also the age of the individual bone. 7 The most effective study of several other studies on bone histology and age related charges was carried out by Kerely (1965 and 1969), 8,9,10,11 who developed a method of age determination based on microscopic analysis of the cortex of the long bones. Singh and Gung (1970) studied bone section for various parameters including osteons. 8 It was observed that the number of osteons increased with age. Present study was done for determination of age of the individual at death of both sexes from the compact portion of mandible on histological observation by Balwant Rai.


A very efficient analytical method using an automated fusion machine as sample preparation tool and a wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometer for the determination of all the elements of interest for the iron ore industry has been optimized from the ISO 9516-1 standard method. This updated method allows for the simplification of both laboratory and spectrometry processes and so, in comparison with the original International Organization for Standardization (ISO) method, becomes less restrictive in practice. This method was used to prepare a large variety of iron ores and exploration samples from all over the world. Results of the prevailing XRF application based on pure oxide standards as described in the ISO standard method are compared to the results of a unique XRF calibration application based on certified reference materials (CRMs) for iron ores and iron ores exploration materials. The universal sample preparation fusion method for iron ores and exploration samples developed during the first phase of this project was used to select and evaluate a set of CRMs. Selected throughout the world from well-recognized sources, the chosen set of CRMs allows a wide coverage for all the elements of interest of the iron ore industry, excluding tin oxide. This fusion method allows a matrix match for materials from different origins. A critical evaluation of precision and accuracy has been performed against the ISO standard method. Reference materials not included in the calibration (control samples) was also investigated for accuracy evaluation. Furthermore, comparisons will be made between the data collected from this fusion method implemented in combination with a Bruker S4 Explorer WDXRF Spectrometer, and the analytical requirements of ISO. All deviations from the prevailing standard method parameters (calibration, standards, flux, Fluxer, etc.) will also be pointed out and discussed.


Successfully narrowing the gap for Pupil Premium pupils is the key priority for all schools. Headteacher Helen Frostick offers some ideas and advice by asking six key questions for school leaders


Abstract Polylactic-acid (PLA) and PLA-clay fibres have been produced from solution of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol by electrospinning. Nanoclays having different aspect ratio, namely a montmorillonite and a sepiolite, have been added and dispersed within the polymer matrix in order to enhance the thermal stability and air permeability of PLA. The influence of the polymer molecular weight, the solution viscosity and conductivity on the morphology of the fibres has been investigated. Electron microscopy has shown that fibre diameter and the presence of beads defects in the fibres depend on the type of clay added to the polymer matrix. The thermal stability in nitrogen and in air has been drastically enhanced for the presence of the clays as compared with neat polymer. Finally, permeability tests performed on the electrospun condensed fibres pointed out that PLA-clay fibres exhibit a lower permeability to air (up to 90%) with respect to neat PLA fibres.


Objective To investigate the impact of health education on the quality of life of children with cerebral palsy parents.Methods A questionnaire survey of 89 parents of children with cerebral palsy,and to adopt GQOL-74,SAS and SDS scale evaluation of parents of children with the quality of life,anxiety and depression level,and targeted health education.Results GQOL-74 scale,sleep and energy,negative emotions,mental stress,quality of life of the overall evaluation of children with anxiety level was significantly(P 0.05),sleep and energy,negative emotions,social support,the overall evaluation of the quality of life for children with depression levels a significant effect(P 0.05).GQOL-74 in five dimensions and SAS SDS scores were significantly higher than before the health education(P 0.05) in 3 and 6 months after receiving health education score showed an upward trend.Conclusion Targeted health education can effectively improve the quality of life and psychological status of parents of children with cerebral palsy.


This column examines the challenges inherent in the signoff stage of the design cycle just prior to fabrication. Modeling trends, as well as trends from the designer side, and their possible effects on signoff are identified.


Lepidophthalmus manningi, new species, is described from intertidal and shallow subtidal margins of estuarine embayments, ephemeral tidal ponds, and river mouths in the states of Veracruz, Tabasco, and Campeche, eastern Mexico. This apparent endemic of the southwestern Gulf of Mexico is ornamented by conspicuous sclerotized plates on ventral surfaces of the abdomen, a feature it shares with several other tropically distributed species in the western Atlantic and eastern Pacific. Lepidophthalmus manningi is very close in morphology to the recently described L. richardi from Belize, its apparent sibling, but can be distinguished by unique features in sculpture and shape of not only the ventral abdominal plating, but also in structures such as the eye tubercles, major chelipeds, and the anterior two pleopod pairs, dorsal abdominal tergites, and the uropods. It is readily distinguishable from two other Gulf of Mexico species, both of which lack ventral sclerotized plates on the abdomen. The latter include the widely distributed warm-temperate species, L. louisianensis, which ranges throughout the northern Gulf of Mexico and into Tamaulipas, Mexico, and a second southwestern Gulf endemic form that remains undescribed and is currently under study. Disjuncture of appropriate habitats in the northern Yucatan Peninsula and limited dispersal ability in the genus appear to account for isolation of L. manningi from its Caribbean sibling.


This paper introduces the 9th Edition of the International Workshop on Software Engineering for E-Learning (ISELEAR'18), organized as a track of TEEM'18, the 6th International Conference on Technological Ecosystems for Enhancing Multiculturality. The main goal of ISELEAR is to explore the different methods, techniques and tools used for the systematic development of E-Learning ecosystems. In this way, and contrarily to the pedagogical aspects promoted by other events in E-Learning, ISELEAR is focused on the technical and engineering aspects of the software supporting these systems. This introduction describes the workshop's history, the review and selection process, and summarizes the papers accepted for this 2018 edition.


The new analytical method presented in this paper extends the principle of the equivalent small parameter method (ESP, an improved perturbation technique) to analyse and design Class E power amplifiers. Using this method the analytical expression for the output voltage (or current), containing the fundamental frequency component, the second, third and other higher harmonics, can be obtained. Based on this analytical expression, the other analytical expressions which represent the performance of Class E power amplifiers, such as collector-emitter voltage and collector current of the switching transistor, the efficiency, the output power as well as the power-output capability can also be obtained. This method is applicable to analyse Class E power amplifiers with any circuit configuration and parameters at any switching-on duty cycle, and does also take into account the switching transistor ON resistance. It is valuable to the design of Class E amplifiers by offering designers insight into circuit behavior.


Recent studies (Taitel and Dukler, 1976) have provided a method for predicting conditions for flow regime transitions by modelling the actual physical processes taking place. This work was concerned only with steady flow conditions. Of considerable importance to the analysis of a Loss of Cooling Accident is the ability to predict the flow regime under conditions of transient flow. This report extends the steady state method of analysis to that of transient flow. It is shown that under transient conditions the transitions between flow patterns can occur at flow rates different than that which will take place if the changes in flow rate were to take place infinitely slowly. Furthermore, for rapid changes in flow rates from one set of conditions to another, flow regimes can appear which would not be observed if the change were made slowly. The theory for flow regime changes under transient flow conditions is developed and methods for predicting the onset of transition under transients presented. Experimental confirmation of the theory is described.


ABSTRACT In order to solve the problems of large deformations of gob-side entry and the fracture of coal pillars at large-height mining faces in deep mines, a case study of the width design of coal pillars between a slice mining face and a large height mining face is studied by theoretical calculation, numerical analysis, and site engineering measurement. In this paper, the occurrence of the Ji16-17 coal seam and its mechanical properties are analyzed. In addition, driving disturbances on roadway deformations, and the effect of plastic area distributions under conditions of different widths of coal pillars and different falls in heights are studied when mining at a slice face turned to a large height face in a deep mine. The results show that the reasonable width of a coal pillar is 8 m with a fall in mining height of 2.5 m between the Ji16-17–24011 slice face and the Ji16-17 −24030 large mining height face (at a 5.5 m mining height). The monitored results show that at a mining height of 5.5 m, an 8 m panel pillar can effectively maintain the stability of a pillar and gob-side entry, and can meet the requirements for the safe production of a stable transition from the slice mining face to the large mining height face.


Objective To explore the value of three-dimensional (3D) sonography in the evaluation of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).Methods From June 2010 to December 2010,768newborns were screened by two-dimensional combined with 3D high-fiequency linear array detector.And newborns younger than 7 days are screened by the method of Graf and the femoral coverage ratio measurement,combined with the hip 3D image,to judge the hip development.Results Out of 768 newborn (398 females and 370 males,average 5.8 days),there were 1 412 normal hip(91.92%),99 hip unstable (6.45%),19 hip dysplasia,4 hip subluxation and 2 hip dislocation (1.63%).Conclusions Graf hip frontal sagittal plane imaging is useful for the diagnosis of DDH.Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging can observe the hip structure and the development of the hip,2D combines with 3D ultrasound are more suitable for the earlier diagnosis of DDH.

Key words:
Ultrasonography;  Hip dislocation, congenital


In this research article, Myosha McAfee presents findings from her grounded theory and microethnographical study of math instruction in a racially and socioeconomically diverse public school. Her analysis puts forth a new theory—the kinesiology of race—which conceptualizes race as a verb rather than a noun. It centrally considers how racial patterns and hierarchies emerge through the accumulation of ordinary, everyday interactions. Rather than focus on the relationship between individuals' beliefs and actions, McAfee identifies three racial kinetics occurring in the classroom—sifting, gridlocking, and advantaging—and maintains that, over time, these processes inform the racial stratification of students' learning experiences and academic outcomes. The kinesiology of race theory differs from pre-existing frameworks of race as a category, identity, or outcome (i.e., racism) and can reframe thinking about how race works.


The Salina Basin lies on the southern margin of the Gulf of Mexico, adjacent to the Late Cretaceous-Tertiary foldbelt of the Sierra de Chiapas. As its name implies, the basin contains a significant quantity of salt, which is interpreted to be a laterally equivalent deposit of the Jurassic Louann Salt in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Compressional tectonics, intermittently active since the Late Cretaceous, has profoundly affected the distribution of allochthonous salt in the basin. Traditional models of the Salina Basin interpret the style of salt tectonics as dominated by steep, vertical-sided salt diapirs. Although the presence of isolated diapirs cannot be ruled out, recent studies of wells and improved-quality seismic data indicate the widespread presence of remnant salt canopies or sheets in the basin. These canopies exhibit many of the characteristics of the same features now identified in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Canopy emplacement was initiated during the Paleogene in response to thrusting and burial under a thick foredeep sediment load, prograding from the south. The widest extent of the salt canopies occurred during the Early Miocene. Subsequent elevation of the Sierra de Chiapas provided a large sediment influx, which loaded the canopies, forming intra-salt basins. Some ofmore » these developed into large salt evacuation basins, of which the Comalcalco and Macuspana basins are examples. A number of oilfields have been discovered below the remnant salt sheets, with significant future potential remaining.« less


Aim  The aim of this study was to examine geographical variability in the support for families caring for children with severe disabilities as well as the relationships between this variability and local government social and educational performance indicators.


The design of an engine carburetor is traditionally based on a mechanical device that uses a shutter to control the amount of fuel intake. The fuel is mixed with air to form fuel mixture that is burnt in engine cylinders. This approach has several inherent issues. First, the shutter opening is controlled by creating a vacuum that results in required amount of fuel injected into carburetor chamber. As the speed of a vehicle increases by pressing accelerator, more fuel is required in the carburetor chamber. The rate of increase in fuel cannot be accurately calculated by a mechanical device. Second, the amount of air intake results in an imbalance in fuel mixture ratio. Third, the carburetor's efficiency degrades with age, resulting poor fuel efficiency. This paper proposes EFI for small vehicles. A test case was developed for a two-wheel motor-bike by using an ARDUINO board. The proposed solution was implemented in the engine of motor-bike with minor changes in the carburetor. The cost was quite comparable with mechanical carburetor, and the results were quite promising.


In the enantioselective esterification of racemic Naproxen with trimethylsilyl methanol in isooctane by Candida cylindracea lipase, improvements in (S)‐naproxen ester productivity and enzyme selectivity were demonstrated by adding bis(2‐ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate (AOT) as the best surfactant. The effect of water content on the enhancement of enzyme activity was elucidated from the reduced adsorption of surfactant molecules on the lipase. A competitive inhibition by the alcohol and a noncompetitive inhibition by the surfactant to the enzyme were found from the kinetic analysis. By using a two‐phase extraction, a complete separation of the surfactant from the organic solution was obtained. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Blend time and chemical product distribution in turbulent agitated vessels can be predicted with the aid of Computational Fluid Mixing (CFM) models. The blend time predictions show good agreement with an experimental correlation. Calculations for turbulent, time dependent mixing of tw o chemicals, exhibiting a competitive pair of reactions, are compared with experimental results. The effects of the position of the inlet feed stream in the turbulent flow field are studied. It is concluded that process problems with turbulent chemical reactors can be avoided by incorporating the results of CFM simulations in the design stage.


Long non-coding Ribonucleic Acids (lncRNAs) can be localized to different cellular components, such as the nucleus, exosome, cytoplasm, ribosome, etc. Their biological functions can be influenced by the region of the cell where they are located. Many of these lncRNAs are associated with different challenging diseases. Thus, it is crucial to study their subcellular localization. However, compared to the massive number of lncRNAs, only relatively few have annotations in terms of their subcellular localization. Conventional computational methods use q-mer profiles from lncRNA sequences and train machine learning models, such as support vector machines and logistic regression with the profiles. These methods focus on the exact q-mer. Given possible sequence mutations and other uncertainties in genomic sequences and their role in biological function, a consideration of these changes might improve our ability to model lncRNAs and their localization. We hypothesize that considering these changes may improve our ability to predict subcellular localization of lncRNAs. To test this hypothesis, we propose a deep learning model with inexact q-mers for the localization of lncRNAs in the cell. The proposed method can obtain a high overall accuracy of 94.7%, an average of 91.3% on a benchmark dataset, using 8-mers with mismatches. In comparison, the exact 8-mer result was 89.8%. The proposed approach outperformed existing state-of-art lncRNA localization predictors on two different datasets. Our results, therefore, support the hypothesis that deep learning models using inexact q-mers can improve the performance of computational lncRNA localization algorithms.


2017 marked the thirtieth anniversary of publication of Patmos e outros poemas de Holderlin, the first translated poetry book by Marco Lucchesi. The young poet traces a sample of Friedrich Holderlin's poetry through translation, while experiencing his own poetry, and refers us to the Benjaminian conception of Erfahrung [experience], which, as Jeanne-Marie Gagnebin, among others, observes "comes from the radical fahr-, still used in the Old German in its literal sense of walking, of crossing a region during a journey" (GAGNEBIN 1994: 66). In a reflection on the elements that make up a differentiated poiesis, we notice that an Erfahrung is put forth as a "itinerary" for Lucchesi's future course of poet-translator. The present work aims to expose this "itinerary", not with the intention to track down and to analyze exhaustively the references that are bent to produce a somewhat chaotic network or to interpret all the often hermetic poetry that operates this network, but to point out how, in spite of the condition of indomitable creation in a kind of collage or mosaic work, Lucchesi was launching an attempt at dialogue with the German lyric, as a privileged part of Western lyric production from different ages.


The paper analyzes the field calibration results on the DC insulation monitor operated online in five substations with special instruments , finds that when two poles earth occur, correct alarm and line selection are not completed by the DC insulation monitor. Error and missing line selection as well as oversize voltage fluctuation appear when ground capacitance takes place. Also the paper discusses the security risk of the relay acting incorrectly that caused by the voltage fluctuating created in the process of two poles ground and detecting the grounding branch switching. Finally, the paper proposes using a special apparatus to calibrate the DC insulation monitor apparatus to find out and avoid the security risk, thus to ensure the safe and stable operation of DC system.


Automatic sentiment analysis of texts, that is, the identification of the author's opinion about the subject discussed in the text, has been one of the most significant tasks in natural language processing in the past two decades. The interest in sentiment analysis is connected to the large volume of electronic texts available on social networks and online recommendation services that contain an abundance of individuals' opinions on various issues: from products and services to the current political and economic situation (for more on corpora, see Chap. 17). A large number of scholarly works is devoted to sentiment analysis of user reviews stored in recommendation services (Pang et al. 2002; Pang and Lee 2008; Liu 2012). Another important area of sentiment analysis is the so-called reputation monitoring that tracks positive and negative feedback about a company and its products (Amigo et al. 2012). Sentiment analysis of financial reports and financial news is used to determine trends in the stock and currency markets (Nassirtoussi et al. 2015). The sentiment of mentioning terms in scientific articles is used to predict the most important concepts and scientific trends (McKeown et al. 2016). Sentiment information extracted from texts can be used to determine the personal characteristics of the author (Volkova et al. 2015). The role of automatic sentiment analysis of social network messages for political and social research is growing. Such studies include the identification


The interaction of water clusters that adsorbed methane molecules with infrared radiation is studied by molecular dynamics. The presence of methane molecules in the disperse water system leads to an increase in absorption and emission of infrared radiation and a strong depletion of the Raman spectrum. In this case, the reflection coefficient of a monochromatic plane electromagnetic wave increases and its frequency spectrum significantly changes. The comparison of experimental data for similar characteristics of water, methane, or their mixtures is presented.


Triiodothyronine (T3)-predominant Graves disease is characterized by persistently high serum T3 level and normal or low serum thyroxine (T4) level during thionamide drug therapy. Graves disease is much more aggressive in this form and has a lower remission rate with antithyroid drugs (ADI) and radioiodine (I-131) therapy. An 18-year-old Chinese woman had thyrotoxicosis with overt features of T3-predominant Graves disease. She failed to achieve a remission despite ADI treatment for 4 years and 3 doses of I-131 therapy. She finally underwent a total thyroidectomy followed by I-131 remnant ablation. The pathogenetic mechanisms, and the reasons for a tendency for nonremission with ADI, and I-131 therapy are discussed.


The dental home is the ongoing relationship between the dentist and the patient, inclusive of all aspects of oral health care delivered in a comprehensive, continuously accessible, co-ordinated and family-centered way. Establishment of a dental home begins no later than 12 months of age and includes referral to dental specialists when appropriate. It enhances the dental professional's ability to assist children and their parents/care givers in the quest for optimum oral health care for successful preventive care and treatment as part of an overall oral health care foundation.


With both CS2013 and the most recent ABET computing criteria requiring coverage of parallel and distributed computing (PDC), many CS faculty are looking for ways to incorporate PDC concepts into their curricula. However, the COVID-19 pandemic and the switch to remote teaching introduces new difficulties to teaching a subject that many already find challenging. This BOF provides a forum for computing educators to discuss strategies they have used to teach PDC remotely. The organizers will share techniques that they have found effective (including the different tradeoffs those techniques involve) and foster a discussion in which others can share novel ways of teaching PDC remotely. The end-goals are: (i) to provide a venue in which those who have taught PDC remotely can share their experiences, in the hopes of identifying best practices; and (ii) to enable participants who are new to PDC to learn from the experiences of faculty who have already taught such courses in this new environment. No laptop required; any materials resulting from this session will be distributed via CSinParallel.org.


The objectives of this paper are to review current research about the social and economic benefits associated with a welldesigned built environment, to put the case for newmethods that enable these sorts of benefits to be adequately captured, to speculate about what these new methods might look like, and, finally, to put forward an agenda outlining where new research is needed. Many reviews, primarily from the UK and US literature, are examined to illustrate the nature and diversity of recent, largely descriptive, research into the impact of good design on social and economic outcomes. It is argued that the likelihood of the research being taken up is limited because of the difficulty in capturing the value intangible benefits. The results from three workshops identified the types of value delivered by the built environment, the stakeholders to whom value accrues, the possibilities for new valuation methods and their implementation, and what new research is needed. Five groups of stakeholders emerged between whom value is exchanged; and six main types of value that the built environment delivers were identified: social value, cultural value, image value, economic value, use value and environmental value. Value maps, matrices and probability curves are put forward as possible approaches for exploring and capturing these varied sorts of value, while developments in brand valuation and environmental economics are identified as having potential application in the built environment. Although knowledge of the tangible and intangible benefits that arise from good design is growing, better information together with improved valuation methods and a new attitude towards evidence-based design are all needed if the built environment is to reflect the emerging understanding.


Steve Marshall, Nacap Thiess Venture Project Manager, Indonesia, describes the gas pipeline project undertaken in Sumatra to supply gas to neighbouring Batam Island and Singapore.


Metal-enhanced bioluminescence (MEB) is a complex photophysical event which manifests itself in manifold luminescence enhancement and depends on many parameters. The parameters include the distance between the luminescent source and the nanomaterial surface, the size and shape of nanoparticles, localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) peaks of the nanomaterial and the dielectric constant of the surrounding medium. Studying distance-dependent MEB in the presence of linkers of specified length may provide new insights into luminescence enhancement. In this regard, the present investigation is aimed to understand the role of ethylene diamine as a potential linker in model systems for distance-dependent metal-enhanced bioluminescence (MEB) with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Four different types of AuNPs (AuNP1, AuNP2, AuNP3, AuNP4) were synthesized by varying the trisodium citrate (TC) and silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentrations with maximum absorbance values of 0.99, 1.24, 1.21 and 1.38 respectively and the corresponding LSPR peaks (λmax) of 520 nm, 535 nm, 525 nm, and 525 nm. Luminescence enhancement up to 1.44-fold was observed when ethylene diamine (ED) was used as a linker in the presence of 1-N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide (EDC), ATP and AuNP1. The sample consisting of FMN, EDC and AuNP1 showed 1.3-fold luminescence enhancement. It was noted that AuNPs synthesized using AgNO3 as an additional component did not enhance luminescence in all the investigations. The suggested technique of using linkers of predetermined lengths may also prove fairly effective for studying other parameters which can influence MEB and cause sensitivity enhancement of luminescence-based biosensors


A school/madrasah library is one of the main facilities which must be provided by a school/madrasah. This is because nowadays, information and knowledge have developed rapidly. Therefore, it is necessary to have a systematic effort to collect, organize and present all information in the library with a particular way that can help teachers and students operate the systems practically and access the information easily. Due to that reason, a school/madrasah needs reliable librarians that can manage the library well. The aim of this research is to examine the effects of the library management training toward the library conception. This research is a quasi-experimental research using pre-test and post-test designs. The research population are participants of a madrasah library management training in Garut regency, as many as 40 people. The sampling technique used in this research is a saturated sampling. The statistical analysis used in this research is paired sample t-test. The results show that there are effects resulted from the library management training mainly to the participants' understanding of library management that is improvised and to the participants' knowledge of the difference of pre-test and post-test score (p=0,000<0,05).


Aquatic organisms may be exposed to cyanotoxins and anthropogenic contaminants originated from harmful cyanobacterial blooms and human activities, respectively. Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN) are the most frequently detected cyanotoxins in harmful cyanobacterial blooms and have been simultaneously reported in the water. Metals and pesticides are anthropogenic contaminants commonly found in the aquatic environment as a result of the intensification of agricultural and industrial activities. Cadmium (Cd) and terbuthylazine (TBA) were chosen as an example of the possible metals and pesticides that can co-occurr with cyanotoxins in the environment. However, the ecotoxicological risk of combinations of cyanotoxins and/or anthropogenic contaminants in the aquatic environment needs more studies. The present work aimed to elucidate some biological behaviours and patterns regarding these combinations. The effects of binary mixtures of MC-LR, CYN, Cd and TBA on the growth rate of the freshwater algae Chlorella vulgaris were assessed after 4 and 7 days of exposure using the reference model of independent action (IA). The MIXTOX tool was used to detect possible deviations (due to the interaction between compounds) from the reference model such as synergism/antagonism, dose ratio and dose level dependency. The results demonstrated that several patterns of response were obtained depending on the binary mixture. Synergism was detected in the mixture of MC-LR and CYN for the two exposure periods. In the MC-LR and TBA mixture, a dose-level deviation was observed for the two exposure periods indicating antagonism at low dose levels and synergism at high dose levels. In the MC-LR and Cd mixture, deviations for antagonism were found for a 4-day exposure period while a dose-level deviation was observed for a 7-day exposure period showing synergism at low dose levels and antagonism at high dose levels. A dose-ratio deviation was observed in the CYN and TBA mixture, with a pattern for antagonism when CYN was the compound dominant, while deviations for antagonism were observed in the CYN and Cd mixture for a 4-day exposure period. Similar patterns of response were obtained for both mixtures involving CYN after 7 days of exposure, namely dose-level deviation indicating synergism at low dose levels and antagonism at high dose levels. For TBA and Cd mixture, antagonism was found for a 4-day exposure period and a doselevel deviation (antagonism at low dose levels and synergism at high dose levels) was observed for a 7-day exposure period. Due to the diversity of effects and behaviours that can result from the combination of very common toxicants, this study shows the importance of evaluating the combined effects of cyanotoxins and/or anthropogenic contaminants.


This December 2003 edit ion o f CARTOGRAPHY follows the most successful national spatial sciences conference ever conducted by the professions. The 2003 SSI Conference was held in Canberra in September and was attend by over 800 delegates and attracted over 55 industry exhibitors. Bringing together professionals from the five main professional representative bodies in the spatial sciences is Australia, AURISA, ISA, IEMSA, RSPAA and MSIA, the conference provided delegates and exhibitors with the ideal opportunity to hear international keynote speakers, participate in presentations, review industry developments, establish networks and renew acquaintances. For MSIA members this opportunity came shortly after the successful ICA Conference and General Assembly in Durban, South Africa held in early September.


We have used the three dimensional circulation model of the stratosphere developed at MIT-GIT, to study the global dispersion of the volcanic cloud from the El Chichon eruption. The time dependent model is run for four months up to the end of October 1982. Initialization is pro vided through the measured latitude-altitude distribution of aerosol. Comparison of the results with experimental data made at days 105 and 120 from the beginning of the simulation shows a reasonable agreement although the concentrations resulting from the model are shifted upward because the sedimentation velocity of the particles is ignored. Monthly means of the latitude-longitude section of the extinction ratio are also presented showing considerable inhomogen eity. A multiple scattering radiative code has been used to evaluate heating rates introduced by a 75% sulfuric acid aerosol. In the first month a temperature increase up to 2° was predicted.


A large number of utensils have been unearthed with the development of archeology focusing on Chu relics, for example, currency, bronze weights and balance objects, DaFu objects,E-Jun-Qi-Jie and glassware. These objects represent the prosperity and development of Kingdom Chu's commerce and commodity economy in the period of Dong Zhou. They can be found in the aspects below: the highly-developed currency system, strictly-controlled tax levy structure, advanced commercial and trade transportation networks both inside and outside, standardized market, trade exchanges at a certain scale and the increasingly strenghthening of the urban region's economic functions.


This work verified the perception of managers of a group of micro and small enterprises operating in the city of Ponta Grossa – PR, concerning compliance with ethical standards in business. The methodology used employed a quantitative-qualitative approach and, regarding its objectives, it is classified as exploratory and used a scenariobased model proposed by Longeneker et al. (2006). Data was collected voluntarily by filling out an online questionnaire with 16 questions. Each question describes a hypothetical scenario about ethical behavior and compliance. The answers were organized according to a Likert scale. The questionnaire link was sent to 39 managers, clients of an accounting firm in the city, and 12 questionnaires were returned. The obtained results suggest that infringement of certain aspects of compliance, such as disrespect for environmental management, the predominance of individual interests over the corporate ones, and concealment of relevant information from customers/associates, had a high rejection rate. However, in other situations, the respondents did not realize that ethics is fundamental to achieve a position of stability in the market e to ensure ethical behavior. It can contribute to making their businesses viable. Furthermore, it was noted that the undue favoring is more easily tolerated by the managers, inducing them to a misalignment of ethical practices.


The growth in energy demand coupled with global warming provide new trends in communication systems known as green radio. The main focus in green radio is to provide new techniques to save energy consumption. In this paper, a new concept, named ultra wide time (UWT), is proposed to define the lower asymptotic consumed energy to transmit a given amount of information. With UWT concept, minimization of energy consumption leads to infinite time of transmission. To overcome this drawback, and instead of energy minimization, we proposed to evaluate the energetic performance of communication systems with a new energy efficiency β, defined as the ratio between the asymptotic limit and the consumed energy. It is then possible to control the energetic consumption with finite time of transmission. The energy efficiency β is fixed in advance and the transmitter is then configured under this constraint. Both UWT and energy efficiency β are applied in parallel channel with best effort communications. Simulation results show that energetic gains of 20 dB can be reached in WiMAX configuration. This respects the "two order of magnitude lower transmission power" mentioned by the Wireless World Research Forum.


This paper presents results of field investigations of coefficient of efficient thermal conductivity of snow with different structures and densities. Observations were performed in spring of 2013 in the vicinity of meteorological station Barentsburg. The data obtained were processed by means of the Fourier technique that allowed deriving relationship between thermal conductivity and snow temperature in regimes of cooling and warming of the snow cover surface. It was found that coefficient of efficient thermal conductivity increases with rising of the snow temperature in the regime of the snow surface cooling, and it does decrease under regime of warming. This can be possibly caused by the following: under the snow surface warming a water vapor flux moves inward, and when the snow temperature drops the water vapor condensation grows. That results in additional temperature rise and creates effect of growth of thermal conductivity at the lower temperature. When the snow surface cools down this effect is absent, and when the snow temperature drops a contribution of water vapor diffusion into thermal conductivity also decreases, and as a result, the coefficient drops too. Average value of coefficient of efficient thermal conductivity of the depth hoar with density of 280 kg/m 3 is 0.12 W/(mK) that in 3–4 times smaller than the same coefficient of granular and frozen together snow with density of 370–390 kg/m 3 .


The antiferromagnet Rb2CoF4 is a good example of a two-dimensional Ising model system. One- and two-magnon Raman scattering in Rb2CoF4 is presented with particular emphasis on the temperature dependence of the AFMR. The position of the two-magnon peak cannot be explained by the S=1/2 model. A more realistic model for the magnon-magnon interaction in cobaltous compounds is obtained by diagonalising the single-ion Hamiltonian of Co2+, yielding a two-magnon frequency in fair agreement with the experimentally observed value.


A Diffusion Study of the Federally Mandated School Wellness Policy. (August 2011) Dinah Jane Harriger, B.A., Texas A&M University; M.S., Texas Tech University Co-Chairs of Advisory Committee: Dr. B.E. Pruitt Dr. E. Lisako J. McKyer Using Diffusion of Innovations (DOI) in Organizations as a theoretical framework, this dissertation analyzed the diffusion process of the federally mandated School Wellness Policy (SWP) in three separate studies. Beginning with a content analysis of the SWP mandate's legislative history using the constant comparative method, the first manuscript evaluated the policy Initiation process to provide context for the creation of the original mandate. Next, the researcher conducted a systematic literature review to organize and analyze the current literature on SWP implementation. The third manuscript presented a qualitative case study of one local school district's experience implementing the School Wellness Policy. Interviewing school personnel such as teachers, school nurses, PE teachers, and cafeteria mangers provided key insight to processes involved in policy implementation at the local level. Three key findings emerged from the study: 1) a lack of research on the clarifying stage of the policy diffusion process, 2) the limitation of policy alone in addressing child obesity, and 3) an opportunity for health promotion researchers to engage in policy research. This study is unique because it analyzed the complete diffusion process of the SWP policy, beginning with policy decision making by


One of the major benefits of the Gas Turbine-Modular Helium Reactor is the capability to operate with several different types of fuel; either Light Water Reactors waste, military plutonium or thorium represent valid candidates as possible types of fuel. In the present studies, we performed a comparison of various nuclear data libraries by the Monte Carlo Continuous Energy Burnup Code MCB applied to the Gas Turbine-Modular Helium Reactor operating on a thorium fuel. A thorium fuel offers valuable attractive advantages: low fuel cost, high reduction of actinides production and the possibility to enable the reactor to act as a breeder of fuel by the neutron capture of fertile 232Th. We evaluated the possibility to mix thorium with small quantities, about 3% in atomic composition, of 239Pu, 233U and 235U. The mass of thorium must be much larger than that one of plutonium or uranium because of the low capture cross section of thorium compared to the fission one of the fissile nuclides; at the same time, the quantity of the fissile isotopes must grant the criticality condition. These two simultaneous constraints force to load a huge mass of fuel in the reactor; consequently, we propose to allocate the fuel in TRISO particles with a large radius of the kernel. For each of the three different fuels we calculated the evolution of the fuel composition by the MCB code equipped with five different nuclear data libraries: JENDL-3.3, JENDL-3.2, JEFF-3, JEF-2.2 and ENDF/B.


Розроблено математичну модель динаміки двомасової системи шнекового транспортера. Аналітично описано максимальний динамічний момент. Дано практичні рекомендації для оптимізації конструкції транспортера. The mathematic model of the bulk brittle matherial mixing is presented. Differential equations of the mass movement are made and solved. Analytical dependencies for finding the dynamic moments on the resistance moment, engine moment, regidity and toughtness are found. Plactical recommendations as to the mixing loading in the intermediate and stable operating regimes are presented.


In this paper, we consider an inventory rationing policy for multiple customer demand classes with unique arrival rates under continuous review environment. The scheme is characterised by a set of monotone threshold inventory levels, which gives the indications when to reserve stock for higher priority customer classes. The proposed inventory policy serves all customers on a first come first serve (FCFS) basis until the on-hand inventory is above the threshold levels, and cut-off the services of the lower priority customers when on-hand inventory falls below the threshold level of the customer class. The threshold rationing policy studied here can be proposed as a way to avoid the problems inherent in the roundup policy while still taking the advantage of inventory pooling. First we analyse this static policy under a special threshold clearing mechanism to fill the backlog, and then to calculate the policy parameter we develop an efficient algorithms.


Objective To evaluate the possible effects of valeriana officinalis var latifolia(VOL) on transdifferentiation of renal tubular epithelial cells in hypercholesterolemic rats.Methods Dietary induced hypercholesterolemia was induced in male Wistar rats by given 4% cholesterol and 1% cholic acid diet for 16 weeks.Changes of serum lipids,urinary protein and creatinine clearance rate were assessed,moreover immunohistochemical stain for α smooth muscle actin( α SMA),vimentin and cytokeratin were performed.Results VOL could reduce the serum levels of total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein( P 0.01),also reduce urinary protein( P 0.01).Immunohistochemical stain revealed that at the same time of serum lipids and urinary protein being reduced,expression of α SMA,vimentin and cytokeratin in renal tubular epithelial cells was significantly decreased( P 0.01).Conclusion VOL has the effect of regulating lipid metabolism and attenuating renal damage.The inhibition of renal tubular epithelial cells undergoing phenotypic change might be the mechanism of VOL on renal protection.


The main function of a peripheral motor nerve is the conduction of impulses from the CNS to the muscles with which the nerve corresponds. If the impulse propagation is disturbed at any level, the muscles experience a repercussion of this disorder. An examination of the muscles, therefore, can give an impression of the disturbance in the function of the nerve. Several electrical tests are in use. According to the principle on which they are based, these tests are distinguished as 1) electrodiagnosis by stimulation and 2) electromyography. Comparison of the data obtained in serial examination reveals whether a functional disorder is stationary, improving or regressing. This is only true, however, if accurate quantitative methods are used, affording data which are reproducible and comparable.


difficult level. In online help, I suggest that the writer should begin by writing about the core information, because all other information will be linked to it. In addition, the core information describes the limits of the information's technical complexity. Bywrit-ing about the core first, the writer knows that there is no other, more complicated information that needs to be linked to. There are no surprises beyond the core information. Armed with this knowledge, the writer can create links while writing the text for the core information. For example, the writer knows that there will typically be introductory text and related information that will be linked to core information concepts. By constructing these links as the core is written and giving them "dummy" placeholder target topics, the writer builds up the hypertext information web from the basic information that holds everything together. The core information may turn out to be the tasks or procedures performed with the application, or it may be the syntax and description of the application's functions. Only the writer can make this assessment. I suggest that creating online text is a more manageable task when approached in this way. The alternative seems to be starting more or less anywhere, and then seeing where it leads you. I find this approach difficult to quantify in terms of time and effort. Without a doubt, this is another issue that would be clarified greatly if writers shared their experiences in dealing with it. There are other issues of interest you will find in this book, but my time is up now. ! am grateful to the authors for giving us their book as an opportunity to share ideas. As a project coordinator and creator of online documentation and training, I read as many books and articles as I can about online design and development. However, this review of Online Help: Design and Evaluation, is influenced mainly by my experiences with online development, not by the other books and articles on the subject that I've read. The authors prompted me to reflect upon my own experiences through their use of interviews with, and studies involving, online design specialists. I found it strangely comforting to know that I am not alone in the challenges and problems I face in online documentation development. But the book's major strength was also, at times, its major weakness. In fact, it is the authors' strength …


The reaction of 2,4-di-t-butylphenol, 4, with sulfur monochloride gave the trithiobisphenol 5 rather than the expected dithiobisphenol 7. The thiol 6 was obtained by the reduction of 5 with zinc under acidic conditions. The dithiobisphenol 7 was prepared by the oxidative coupling of 6 with iodine under alkaline conditions. The dibenzo[d,h][1,3,6,7,2]dioxadithiasilonin 8 was prepared by the reaction of 7 with dichlorodimethylsilane using triethylamine as an acid acceptor. No change was observed in the 1H nmr spectrum of 8 upon cooling to −55°, which suggests that the ΔG* for ring inversion is less than the corresponding eight-membered dibenzo[d,g][1,3,2]dioxasilocin and dibenzo[d,g][1,3,6,2]dioxathiasilocin 1 and 2, respectively. The spectral data and elemental analysis are fully in accord with the nine-membered silonin structure.


With the rapid development of the music specialty in comprehensive university,there are serious problem of the homogenization phenomenon and so on.The article discusses the orientation of music education in comprehensive research university and teaching comprehensive university,the former should study on the musicology,the latter should reflect regional characteristics and enhance students' practice ability in music.In allusion to the University non music professional music education,we should focus on program curriculum and teaching content,music association should play an important role in the music practice.


Brain metastases are the most prevalent intracranial neoplasm that causes excessive morbidity and mortality in most cancer patients. The current medical model for brain metastases is focused on the physical condition of the affected individual, the anatomy of the main tumor, and the number and proximity of brain lesions. In this paper, a new hybrid Metastases Fast Fourier Transformation with SVM (MFFT-SVM) method is proposed that can classify high dimensional magnetic resonance imaging as tumor and predicts lung cancer from given protein primary sequences. The goal is to address the associated issues stated with the treatment targeted at unique molecular pathways to the tumor, together with those involved in crossing the blood-brain barrier and migrating cells to the lungs. The proposed method identifies the place of the lung damage by the Fast Fourier Technique (FFT). FFT is the principal statistical approach for frequency analysis which has many engineering and scientific uses. Moreover, Differential Fourier Transformation (DFT) is considered for focusing the brain metastases that migrate into the lungs and create non-small lungs cancer. However, Support Vector Machine (SVM) is used to measure the accuracy of control patient's datasets of sensitivity and specificity. The simulation results verified the performance of the proposed method is improved by 92.8% sensitivity, of 93.2% specificity and 95.5% accuracy respectively.


We hypothesize that microgravity alters bone homeostasis by mechanisms that are dependent upon molecules of the extracellular matrix mediating signaling pathway(s) that influence osteoblast differentiation. This effect is predicted to modulate the expression of mediators of osteoblast-dependent osteoclastogenesis as well. We have focused on Oncostatin M (OSM) and extracellular matrix molecules in bone homeostasis. OSM is a member of the pleiotropic IL-6 cytokine family with demonstrated roles in bone organogenesis, differentiation, and regeneration, and is a candidate for mediation of osteoblast-dependent osteoclastogenesis. RESULTS Microarray studies indicate that expression of extracellular matrix molecules and proinflammatory cytokines were among those genes altered by modeled microgravity [1]. Col11a1 expression level was decreased, with respect to culture conditions at 1xg. Minor fibrillar collagens and other molecules of the extracellular matrix can modulate the bioavailability of proinflammatory cytokines such as OSM, the production of which increases immediately after microgravity exposure by modeled microgravity.


In the past few years , a great deal of creat ive programming effort has been spent in the cons t ruct ion of automatic coding s y s t e m s " in te rpre te r s" , " a s semble r s " , "compi lers" . Two fac to rs , both basic to the design and construct ion of such sys tems , have been the cause of much of the t ime and eIfort expended; indeed, these sys tems have been constructed without actually resolving these two diff iculties. F i rs t , the only languages available for describing the efforts (and the sys tems themselves) are:


Abstract For any n ≧ 2, let F ∈ ℤ [ x 1, … , xn ] be a form of degree d≧ 2, which produces a geometrically irreducible hypersurface in ℙn–1. This paper is concerned with the number N(F;B) of rational points on F = 0 which have height at most B. For any ε > 0 we establish the estimate N(F; B) = O(B n− 2+ ε ), whenever either n ≦ 5 or the hypersurface is not a union of lines. Here the implied constant depends at most upon d, n and ε.


An effective method for structural morphogenesis inspired by self-organization phenomena is presented in this paper. Self-organization is a phenomenon that an entire structure gradually emerges by interaction between elements of the structure, and the elements are affected by the entire structure. Since the self-organization algorithm consists of simple calculation iteration, it can be applied to problems with large number of design variables. Proposed method is applied to problems of uniform member length, minimization of strain energy, and cross-section design for frame structures in this paper. Also, components of Grasshopper were developed so that it is possible to recombine algorithms in an intuitive way for inexperienced designer of programing.


Pelitic rocks of the pre-Alpine "gneiss series" from the Voras Massif record a polymetamorphic history of three metamorphic events; a first HT event indicated by migmatitization phenomena, a subsequent LP-HT event (andalusite-sillimanite series) at 2.5-3 Kbar and 610-640 o C, and a third medium-P event at ∼11 Kbar and ∼550 o C. The LP-HT metamorphism is associated with intrusion of Variscan granitoid plutons in a magmatic arc setting. The medium-P metamorphism records an Alpine event (probably Early Cretaceous) indicated by kyanite, chloritoid, garnet and staurolite formation replacing andalusite and cordierite. The Variscan granitoids and the overlying lithologies of the "schist series" are affected only by the medium-P metamorphism. Granitoids are transformed into phengite orthogneisses having the mineral assemblage phen (Si=3.35-3.47 a.p.f.u.)±Bt-Ab-KfsQtz±Czo±Grt and high-alumina pelites into garnet-chloritoid schists with the mineral assemblage Grt-Ctd-Chl-Ms-Qtz-Rt±Ilm. The "schist series" which underlies the Late Triassic-Early Jurassic marbles and overlies lithologies of the "gneiss series" and metagranitoids represents protoliths of the Permo-Triassic volcanosedimentary series deposited at the eastern margin of the Pelagonian continental block.


Drawing upon the concepts of both Navajo philosophy and the medicine wheel, the authors offer a group counseling model by which to help restore direction, hope, and self worth to adolescents.


The invention relates to a swaging tool of a sheet metal blank (4) comprising a matrix (1), a punch (2) and a blank holder (3), the die (1) having a front face (11) part of which is a work area (10) substantially hollow according to the form of the sheet metal blank (4) by cooperation with the punch (2) in the heart of a drawing pass, the area of work (10) being bounded by a rounded edge having a cross sectional shape of "S" with a convex curved face (12) at the input of the work area (10), the beginning (13) of the convex curved face ( 12) a scoring matrix input line (5) with respect to which define the positions of the side faces (22, 32) respectively of the punch (2) and the blank holder (3), and then a concave curved face (15) to reverse curvature with respect to the convex curved face (12) and which corresponds to the shape of a rounded edge (23) of the punch (2) connecting, to each other, one side front (21) and the side face (22) of the punch (2), the side face (22) of the punch (2) being located at the beginning of the right (16) of the concave curved face (15) of the die (1 ), at the periphery of this concave curved face on the side of the matrix input line (5) and the end face (31) of the blank holder (3) extending towards the punch beyond the line matrix input (5) and to the lateral face (32) of the blank holder (3) which is located between the matrix input line (5) and the side face (22) of the punch


Recent advances in the nano-scale mineralogy extend from the extraterrestrial materials known as in cosmic dusts and asteroids to ordinary industrial materials like the cementitious materials. The distinct property of nano materials can be characterized from the points of view of (1) nucleation, (2) self-assembly behavior and (3) flexibility in the form. A very common industrial material, cement is a typical one consisted of nano particles of calcium silicate hydrartes (C-S-H). Crystal growth experiment of cementitous materials can be recently performed using interferometric and nanoscopic techniques. Although the cement reaction producing C-S-H from silicates with Ca(OH) 2 (portlandite: CH) or more alkaline solution is extensively occurring at buildings under and after construction, similar reaction is expected at the interface of natural rock and concrete-building such like tunnel, dam and underground repository for radioactive wastes. Hyper alkaline alteration experiment using vertical scanning interferometer revealed the precipitation behavior of C-S-H by reverse chemical garden reaction on natural rock (Satoh et al., in press). Very slow growth rate of the C-S-H on rock was observed to be ̃2.4E-3 nm/s. The ionic selection of the solutes through the C-S-H wall having nanopores like membrane was also confirmed. Most recently, we applied newly developed ultramicroscopic technique with fluid reaction TEM (FR-TEM: Poseidon) for study of reverse chemical garden reaction between silica fume (Elkem Microsilica 940-U, ̃150 nm) and CH-saturated solution. It revealed that the reaction caused silica hydration (volume expands) and subsequently form string and veil of C-S-H. The growth rate of string C-S-H was calculated to be ̃4.5E-2 nm/s, which is fast enough to form frame network preparing veil-formation. It was chemically confirmed by FESEM-EDS that this C-S-H veil evolved toward Ca-rich over time. Our observed result could be a fundamental process of reverse chemical garden reaction, i.e., cement-solidification. Ultramicroscopic investigation of C-S-H growths may improve the simulation of groundwater conditions in the future.


Hydrodynamic and thermodynamic processes of geothermal well extraction are investigated and presented. Mathematical models were developed for a deep suction multi-stage centrifugal pump and a piping system. The mathematical models were habituated to evaluate the gas (nitrogen) release from fluid and its effect on hydrodynamic processes. Investigation of the authentic geothermal systems revealed the following quandaries: the dynamic dihydrogen monoxide level, which changes during the transitional process (starting and ceasing the pump) in a borehole, has influence on mundane operating conditions of the geothermal system; Geothermal fluid is characterized by ever-transmuting properties due to a transmuting pressure and volume of relinquished gas. The mass of fluid vicissitudes in each stage of the pump, the pressure and flow pulsations occur and vibration of mechanical elements is stimulated and cavitation can be engendered. Through conducted experimental research and by applying mathematical modelling, it has been visually examined that the gas content in fluid increases the pressure and flow pulsations. Variation in height of a dihydrogen monoxide column during the process of extraction has influence on characteristics of multistage centrifugal pump in wells.


In any grid tied solar PV based system, inverter is a critical component responsible for the control of electricity flow between dc source, and loads or grid. This paper presents a solar PV generation system integrated to grid. The proposed model used to mitigate the power quality issues in grid tied inverter which is simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK in power system block set. A solar PV based grid tied inverters are used for dc-ac conversion. The conventional dc-ac inverters have square shaped line current which contain higher order harmonics. The proposed control strategy of inverter reduces total harmonic distortions in line current significantly.


T o be meaningful, a discussion of the factors involved in the development of constipation must confine itself to man. In the study of man in recent years, we have become increasingly aware of the interrelationships between psychological and physiological phenomena. I t is appropriate that these aspects of constipation should be discussed together. The structure of ideas which I shall present is composed ol materials oi varying strength. Some of it is laboratory observation conducted under controlled conditions. This work is weakened, a t times, by the need for subjective interpretation of some signs of emotional tension. Many of the clinical observations lack hardness for the same reason, but others are objective and so often repeated that they have a certain solidity. To give the whole thing a recognizable shape and to distinguish bow from stern, I have added some hypotheses of the flimsiest sort. Even from the back seats, these should be clearly distinguishable for what they are. Having a bowel movement requires the integration of smooth muscle activity, autonomically innervated, with skeletal muscle activity involving segmental nerves, complicated reflex patterns, and suprasegmental control. The process divides itself naturally into the mechanisms of colonic motility and those of defecation. Delay can occur in either or both of these steps in the process. Colonic motility involves the propulsion of feces from the right colon to the rectum. As stated in previous papers, most phasic activity in the colon is nonpropulsive, the feces moving onward by brief peristaltic rushes which occur infrequently. The usual stimulus to such propulsive motility is the ingestion of food or fluids, and the pathway is the "gastrocolic reflex." We may properly doubt that the stomach is an essential receptor in this mechanism, because the reflex seems to function after total gastrectomy. The efferent pathway is thought to lie in the cholinergic fibers of the autonomic nervous system, as atropine or banthine can interrupt it,l and similar colonic activity can be produced by parentera1 acetylcholine or methacholine.? That the vagus is not the only efferent is indicated by observations of Grace3 in which the reflex persisted in one of his fistulous subjects after an effective vagotomy. Constipation may develop because the gastrocolic reflex, with resulting mass peristalsis, doesn't get started or because it is blocked. Fasting man is constipated." Marked reduction in the bulk of fluid or food, or in its rcsidue, diminishes the vigor of peristaltic rushes in the lower bowel. Witness the constipation of ulcer paticnts given only milk and cream. Even with normal intake of food, there may be impairment of the gastrocolic reflex owing to diminished gastric motility. Constipation is not an uncommon symptom of gastric c a n ~ e r , ~ in which the food intake is often reduced, or gastric motility Constipation in the objective sense means delayed passage of feces.


A 60-GHz low power fully integrated transceiver including antennas, fabricated in CMOS 65nm SOI and packaged in low cost QFN is described. The circuit achieves 2 Gbps and 500 Mbps rates at 7.5 cm and 22.5 cm transmission ranges respectively. The transceiver energy efficiency is lower than 50 pJ/bit thanks to scalable power consumption using pulse generator and Super Regenerator Oscillator architecture.


Abstract— Activation of nerve elements in vivo and in vitro is associated with an increased rate of choline uptake by a Na+‐dependent high affinity transport system. Following the methodology of Barker (1976), rat cortical synaptosomes were depolarized (37°C, 10min) by 25mM‐KCl in the presence of CaCl2 (1 mM) or other divalent cations. After reisolation by centrifugation, the rate of 3H‐choline uptake (1.25μM) was measured by Millipore filtration. KCl treatment alone failed to accelerate the rate of uptake in the reisolated synaptosomes. CaCl2, BaC12 or SrCl2 (but not MgCl2 or MnCl2) were necessary (1 mM) to observe the KCl induced acceleration. Moreover, RbCl, but not LiCl or CsCl, also produced the calcium‐dependent rate enhancement in the reisolated synaptosomes. The conditions mediating the enhanced rate of choline uptake correlated strongly with those associated with neurotransmitter release. To test this possibility, synaptosomal acetylcholine content was measured in response to the various salt treatments. Treatment with KCI (25 mM) and CaCl2 (1 mM), but not KCl alone, reduced the synaptosomal acetylcholine content from 154 to 113pmol/mg protein. The respective rates of choline uptake increased about 60%. The increased rate was reversed by incubation with 50 μM‐choline followed by synaptosome reisolation. This procedure also normalized the acetylcholine content. In summary, the rate of choline uptake by the high affinity choline uptake system is inversely related to the synaptosomal acetylcholine content.


"Some people are the motor of the event. Like an animator bringing characters to life. A character is drawn and through this process is free to behave in whatever way the animator wants it to. At our event you don't know exactly who animates who, but it is definitely taking place. Everyone is part of the same story, but with separate lives. They are in the style of recent Manga comics from Japan, where each character has a complex formulation that frequently changes from episode to episode or from story to story. Narratives are stretched and the stories have no specific end. The active people sometimes prefix a name with "our," as in "our Wallace" or "our Hugh." Each participant could be the son or the daughter of another person at the party. You never notice this, but these relationships give some of the interactions between people, an aim, and a story."


A tensile testing technique utilizing a powder-cushion between the specimen/grip surfaces has been devised and tested. Bending strains associated with this gripping technique have been determined as a function of load with a buttonhead specimen instrumented with nine strain gages. Experiments with eight different powders showed that lubricating powders such as graphite and boron nitride are more effective in producing good alignment, with graphite considered superior. Alignment obtained with the graphite powdercushion is comparable with that obtained with more complex devices and procedures.


One such impressive new model is the Televie model that exists in the Francophone Belgium (Wallonia region in Belgium). The Televie [2] is a charity event organized in the Francophone Belgium and the Grand Duchy of Luxemburg by RTL-TVI (a TV channel) since 1989 in cooperation with FNRS (main funding agency in the Francophone Belgium for scientific research like the NIH in USA or the CSIR in India). The funds raised annually are invested in scientific research for fight against cancer and Leukaemia in children and adults. It concludes with a closing ceremony which is televised live.


Round 10 in the Goldfields Esperance AFL Tipping Competition saw many tipsters succumb to both Fremantle and West Coast Eagles losing their matches. Apart from that it was a very solid round for most people.


G-12 SOME PROCESSING CONSTRAINTS AND AN INTERPRETATIVE CALIBRATION OF SEISMIC PRE-STACK AMPLITUDES TO MAKE AVO ANALYSIS MORE RELIABLE Abstract 1 MAURIZIO CARDAMONE and BARBARA CIURLO ENI – Agip division Via Dell'Unione Europea 3 20097 San Donato Milanese Italy In the beginning of its life in the oil industry in the early eighties the so-called AVO method was just a mere qualitative way of visualizing the extra information content of the seismic pre-stack amplitudes which is lost in the stacking process at the benefit of the S/N ratio. Very little attention was given at that time to the fact that the


This thesis presents a step-by-step development strategy to implement electronic school libraries corresponding to level 2 among 3 levels of the school library. The implementation of electronic school libraries means the transformation of school libraries into school media centers. This thesis divides the implementation of electronic school libraries into 3 steps. The first step is the implementation of facilities, the second step the implementation of web-based information system, the third step the networking of school libraries, on the basis of the first and second steps. And this thesis presents the basic policy of educational administration aspects to support 3 steps.


The flow past a cylinder near a plane wall for small gap ratios (G/D=0.1,0.3,and0.9) and fixed ReD=1000 is studied numerically. The fundamental flow features are characterized by the mean flow first. The dynamics of cylinder-wake/boundarylayer interaction are revealed by the turbulent momentum transport and kinetic energy production. The turbulent fluctuations caused by the secondary vortex (SV) (at G/D=0.3,0.9) and the novel tertiary vortex (TV) (at G/D=0.9) can be observed in the distributions of Reynolds stresses. For G/D=0.1 and G/D=0.3, the wake/boundary-layer interaction is dominated by ejection and sweep events, which are related to the generation of the hairpin vortex. These two bursting events lead to the momentum transport between the high- and low-speed sides. For G/D=0.9, the ejection event is not found in the interaction region because the head of the hairpin vortex is entrained into the wake. The upper roller (RU) helps to transport highmomentum fluid toward the wall in this case, although it does not take part in the interaction directly. The shedding of RU, the lower roller (RL), SV, KH (Kelvin-Helmholtz) vortex and the generation of the hairpin vortex are crucial to turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) production. The RU, KH vortex and SV transfer ⟨u′u′⟩ out to ⟨v′v′⟩ and ⟨w′w′⟩ resulting redistribution of the turbulent kinetic energy. While RL, surviving for a shorter time, transfers ⟨v′v′⟩ out to ⟨u′u′⟩ and ⟨w′w′⟩, helping explain why it disappears quickly. TV only transfers out ⟨v′v′⟩ out to ⟨u′u′⟩, and its TKE comes from other terms rather than the production term.


Background:
 Tau pathology is an important component of Alzheimer's Disease but its extent and impact in cognitively healthy patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) are not clear. We compared in vivo tau stages estimated from the patterns of tau PET tracer uptake in patients with CAA and healthy controls (HC) and explored its relationship with amyloid burden and cognitive function in CAA.

 Methods:
 The study included 50 cognitively healthy probable CAA patients (mean age 70±7.6) and 50 age-, sex-matched HCs (mean age 70±7.5) who underwent MRI, Pittsburgh compound B (PiB, for amyloid) and
 18
 F-flortaucipir (FTP, for tau) PET imaging. Mean global cortical PiB uptake was calculated. Tau stages were estimated based on the distribution pattern of cortical FTP uptake and grouped into three categories (PET Braak Staging, Figure). Within the CAA cohort, standardized z-scores of memory, processing speed and executive function testing were obtained.

 Results:
 In the whole group, tau stages significantly correlated with age (rho=0.407, p<0.001) and global cortical PiB uptake (rho=0.554, p<0.001). Patients with CAA were more likely to exhibit more extensive tau (Stage III-VI) compared to HCs in univariate analyses (Figure, p=0.003). In a logistic regression model, more extensive tau independently associated with age (p=0.001) and PiB uptake (p<0.001) but not with the CAA diagnosis (p=0.264). Within the CAA cohort, tau stage was again independently associated with PiB uptake (p=0.002), but it did not show any association with scores of cognitive domains in univariate or multivariate models (p>0.2 for all comparisons).

 Conclusion:
 Our results show that patients with CAA have higher PET Braak tau stages when compared to similarly aged HCs but this difference disappeared after controlling for amyloid load. Extent of tau did not correlate with cognitive scores in CAA. Overall, tau stages appear to be driven by amyloid without clinical impact in cognitively healthy CAA patients.


In the early 1980s, along with the development of economic reform and open ing to the outside world, international drug cartels launched large drugs markets into Hong Kong, Europe and America, through the border regions of Yunnan province, China and Myanmar. Some drugs were sold along the way and within the wider region, thus unlocking the drug consumption market in mainland China. In about 10 years, China changed from a transit country for drug traf ficking into a huge drug consumption market. According to the Report on Drug Control in China (NCB 2013), the number of drugs seized rises dramatically year by year (see Table 1). Especially high is the amount of methamphetamine


DNA sequencing techniques have evolved rapidly in recent years - largely resulting from the Human Genome Project - but scientists still encounter challenges in sequencing genomes. DNA Sequencing was written to help scientists sequence difficult templates. It is also a practical guide to faster and more efficient routine DNA sequencing.


<abstract>
In this paper, we investigate the finite fractal dimension of pullback attractors for a nonclassical diffusion equation in $ H^1_0(\Omega) $. First, we prove the existence of pullback attractors for a nonclassical diffusion equation with arbitrary polynomial growth condition by applying the operator decomposition method. Then, by the fractal dimension theorem of pullback attractors given by [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b6">6</xref>], we prove the finite fractal dimension of pullback attractors for a nonclassical diffusion equation in $ H^1_0(\Omega) $.
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The effect of dining location on dietary intake was evaluated for the institutionalized elderly. Eating with a group provided a significantly greater percentage of the Recommended Dietary Allowance for vitamin E while dining in rooms provided diets which were significantly more nutrient dense for vitamin D, riboflavin, calcium, and phosphorus. Regardless of where residents ate, at least nine of the 16 nutrients studied were present in amounts less than predicted. From a dietary standpoint, perhaps greater attention to what nursing home residents eat is more important than where food is eaten.


Youth religious imaginaries are a category of social imaginaries. This work takes up the thought of Juan Luis Pintos, founder of the Compostela Group for Studies on Social Imaginaries (GCEIS). Youth religious imaginaries are defined as the ways in which young people conceive and communicate their beliefs, experiences of encounter with God or a transcendent reality. This study investigates the incidence of juvenile religious imaginaries on the ecological spirituality of young people from 9th grade, from the Sagrada Familia College of Villanueva, La Guajira.
To carry out this approach to the religious imaginaries of young people, the general description of the population age, gender, religion is considered important. Then, an approach is made to some of the pre-conceptions that adolescents have about the relationships God-Nature, Human-Nature and God-Human Being. Relationships considered bases of ecological spirituality. To perform the data analysis, the socio-cybernetic observation of the discourse is applied. Ecological spirituality goes beyond the preconceptions of the young. She is understood from the personal commitment to the care of the common home. For this, the significant learning experience that takes place within the classroom of 9 o 01 is described. And finally, a proposal is formulated with 5 lines of action for the re-elaboration of the Educational Environmental Project (PRAE) from the Sagrada Familia College from Villanueva, La Guajira.


Abstract Skeletal remains from two California cemeteries bracketing a severe drought that began around 1200 yr B.P. are analyzed to determine drought-related quality of life changes in Native Americans. Cemetery 1 predates the drought at 2895±160 yr B.P. to 1845±90 yr B.P. and Cemetery 2 dates it at 1100±90 yr B.P. to 1220±200 yr B.P. Quality of life was assessed through femoral computerized tomography scan measures of cortical thickness, age at adult death, and pathology/trauma frequency. After controlling for age and sex differences, changes from Cemetery 1 to Cemetery 2 showed decreases in cortical thickness and age at death and increases in pathology and trauma frequency.