Workshop on low velocity flows: contributions In order to describe a flow with heat transfer and at a low velocity, one usually focuses on incompressible models (zero Mach number and no thermal dilation) or on compressible models (involving acoustic waves). But each of them presents drawbacks in the simulation of such flows. On the one hand, incompressible models are not relevant anymore when heat transfers become significant. On the other hand, compressible models – which can account for heat transfers – suffer a lack of accuracy when the Mach number is very small due to the diversity of time scales (material vs. acoustic). Acoustic waves can however be neglected in many applications like in nuclear reactors in nominal or even some accidental regimes. It must be underlined that it is not the case for any application: for instance acoustic phenomena are crucial in combustion modelling.What is stated above for low Mach number flows also applies to geophysical flows when the Froude number goes to zero. Several strategies have been developed in the literature to address theoretical and numerical issues raised by low velocity flows. A first strategy consists in deriving intermediate models (between compressible and incompressible) which are dedicated to the specific regime at stake. They are referred to as low Mach number models (or dilatable models). Acoustic waves are filtered out but heat transfers are still taken into account. A second strategy is aimed at determining the origin of the loss of accuracy/robustness of standard numerical schemes designed for compressible flows. They are then adapted to the specific regime (low Mach schemes or all Mach schemes). Another strategy is eventually based on coupling methods between compressible and incompressible models. The variable domains of application of each model depend on the order of magnitude of the Mach number. The goal of the workshop was to present a range of applications where such issues occur: astrophysics, combustion, nuclear/solar energy production or geophysics. Gathering scientists involved in theory, numerics and experiments enabled to report problems and to provide a state of the art of the literature. Experts and young researchers, from academics and industry, gave 14 talks: • Ann Almgren (Lawrence Berkeley Lab, USA): Low Mach Number Modeling of Stratified Astrophysical Flows; • Emmanuel Audusse (LAGA, Université Paris 13): Godunov type schemes for low Froude flows with Coriolis force; • Didier Bresch (LAMA, Université de Savoie): On some models for bifluid flows; • Anne Charmeau (DEN/DANS/DM2S, CEA Saclay): Low Mach number flow in plate-type fuel cores; 1 Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, CEA, DEN, DM2S-STMF, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France 2 Hydro-Québec, TransÉnergie, 75 boulevard René-Lévesque Ouest, Montréal (Qc), H2Z 1A4, Canada (current address) & e-mail: email@example.com 3 Université de Toulon – IMATH, EA 2134, avenue de l'Université, 83957 La Garde, France & e-mail: email@example.com 4 MAP5 UMR CNRS 8145 – Sorbonne Paris Cité – Université Paris Descartes 75270 Paris Cedex 6, France & e-mail: email@example.com 5 Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut Camille Jordan, bâtiment Braconnier, 21 avenue Claude Bernard, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France & e-mail: email@example.com 6 ANGE (CEREMA and Inria Paris) and LJLL UMR CNRS 7598 – Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, 75005 Paris, France & e-mail: email@example.com c © EDP Sciences, SMAI 2017 Article published online by EDP Sciences and available at http://www.esaim-proc.org or https://doi.org/10.1051/proc/201758000 ESAIM: PROCEEDINGS AND SURVEYS 1 • Benoit Desjardins (FMJH): Mathematical analysis of low Mach number flows for some single and two phase models; • Mathieu Girardin (CMAP, École Polytechnique): An all-regime Lagrange-Projection like scheme for 2D homogeneous models for two-phase flows on unstructured meshes; • Jonathan Jung (LMAP, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour): A low Mach correction for the Godunov scheme applied to the linear wave equation with porosity ; • Carine Lucas (MAPMO, Université d'Orléans): Asymptotic limits of the Shallow Water equations; • Sebastian Noelle (IGPM, RWTH Aachen, Germany): On the stability of IMEX schemes for singular hyperbolic PDE's; • Martin Parisot (ANGE, Inria Paris Rocquencourt): Low-velocity scheme for hyperbolic conservation laws with constraints; • Pablo Rubiolo (IN2P3, CNRS Grenoble): High temperature thermalhydraulics modeling of a Molten salt: application to the molten salt nuclear reactor ; • Anouar Mekkas and Arthur Talpaert (DEN/DANS/DM2S, CEA Saclay and CMAP): CDMATH library and low-Mach models applied to two-phase flows with Adaptive Mesh Refinement ; • Adrien Toutant (PROMES, Université de Perpignan): Turbulent kinetic energy transfers in low-Mach wall-bounded flows; • Marie-Hélène Vignal (Mathematics Institute of Toulouse, University Toulouse 3): Finite volumes schemes preserving the low Mach number limit for the Euler system. A poster session with seven contributions was also held to complete the workshop. The workshop took place at University Paris Descartes (lab. MAP5) in November 5th-6th 2015. It gathered more than a hundred researchers from Europe and the United States, from both academic and industrial world. It was funded thanks to the NEEDS project call for interdisciplinarity, AMIES, FMJH, Inria, RDM-IDF, UFR 929-UPMC and UPD. We address our warmest thanks to all the speakers and participants of the workshop, to all the funders and Marie-Hélène Gbaguidi of laboratory MAP5 for her considerable help for the organization of the workshop. In this volume, six participants proposed to present their last results upon low Mach and low Froude issues, their possible link to phase transition and their potential applications to nuclear flows. These papers range from theoretical studies on the PDEs involved, describing precisely the asymptotics between several models, to the development of new efficient numerical schemes to describe these equations, as well as works on the modelling of the thermohydraulics for some applications. The third and the fifth papers provide a theoretical asymptotic analysis for compressible Navier-Stokes equations and phase transition models in the low Mach number limit. More precisely, in the third paper, the authors introduce an original relative entropy for compressible Navier-Stokes equations with density dependent viscosities, which allows to prove some mathematical results related to the weak-strong uniqueness. Moreover, they show the convergence of the viscous shallow water equations to the inviscid shallow water equations in the vanishing viscosity limit and further prove convergence to the incompressible Euler system in the low Mach limit. The fifth paper focuses on the derivation of a system for unidimensional granular flows, which captures the transitions between compressible and incompressible phases, from compressible Navier–Stokes equations with singular viscosities and pressure. This singular limit between the two systems can then be seen as an analogue of the low Mach number limit for fluid with pressure dependent viscosity. In the first two papers, as well as in the fourth one, numerical schemes accurate for low Mach number flows are proposed. More precisely, the first paper focuses on the inaccuracy of the classical Godunov scheme at low Froude number and introduces a way to modify it to recover a correct accuracy. In the second paper, in order to take into account the gravity in simulations of low Mach number flows, a new modification of the diffusion matrix in the context of Roe-type schemes is suggested. The fourth paper of this volume presents the analysis of an alternative numerical algorithm to solve for compressible drift-flux model, which is both accurate and robust at low Mach number on staggered grids. In the sixth paper, physical considerations on the modeling of the thermohydraulics in a Molten Salt Fast Reactor are presented, enlightening the intrinsic multi-scale multi-physics character of the flow.


A k-element subset R of a group G of order mu is called an (m, u, k, λ) relative difference set (RDS), relative to a normal subgroup U of order u if the number of ordered pairs (r1, r2) with r1r −1 2 = g, r1, r2 ∈ R for every g ∈ G, g = 1 is λ if g ∈ G−U and 0 if g ∈ U . The subgroup U is often called the forbidden subgroup as its non-identity elements cannot be written in the above form. If k = uλ, R is called a semi-regular RDS and its parameters are (uλ, u, uλ, λ). In this case, R is a complete set of coset representatives of G/U . If u = 1, R is called a trivial semi-regular RDS. Any group G is itself a trivial semi-regular RDS. Readers may refer to Pott's book [10] for a background on RDSs. Many extensive studies have been carried out on relative difference sets (particularly the semi-regular case) in both abelian and non-abelian groups, because of their close connection to other areas of combinatorics (see [1, 3, 4, 7, 12]). For example, an (n, n, n, 1) RDS is equivalent to a projective plane with a quasiregular automorphism group [11]. Let R1 and R2 be RDSs in a group G relative to normal subgroups U1 and U2, respectively. If there exists θ ∈ Aut(G), the full automorphism group of G such that θ(R1) = R2 and θ(U1) = U2, then R1 and R2 are said to be equivalent. In the following, we consider only non-trivial and non-equivalent semi-regular RDSs. The symbol p always means a prime number and Ip = {0, 1, . . . , p − 1}. A subset X of a group G is also identified with the group ring element X = ∑x∈X x ∈ Z[G] and we write X = ∑x∈X x . With this notation, R is an (m, u, k, λ) RDS if and only if RR(−1) = k + λ(G − U). The purpose of this paper is to study semi-regular RDSs in non-abelian groups of order p4 with p ≥ 3. First, we obtain all the normal subgroups of order p and p2 in these groups up to equivalence for the forbidden subgroups. Then we show the


Objective to current data available, neuroblastoma is the most frequent extracranial solid tumor in infants and children; because of its relationship to the primitive sympathetic ganglia, it may progress or regress spontaneously to more malignant or benign forms of tumors, respectively. It is also an important cause of the Opsoclonus Myoclonus Ataxia Syndrome (OMAS), or the "dancing eyes" syndrome. The risk factor of neuroblastoma includes patient's age at diagnosis; degree of tumor spread, and selected biologic variables such as serum LDH, urinary and serum catecholamines such as VMA and HVA, ploidy and MYCN copy numbers. So, detection of risk factors and risk directed therapy are the mainstay of patient management. Materials & Methods For this study the records of 43 out of 46 patients, aged less than 14 years, admitted over 8 years (1996-2004), with the confirmed diagnosis of neuroblastoma or ganglioneuroblastoma were evaluated for full course of therapy and follow up. Results patient group, 60% were male and 40% female. The most frequent clinical stage was stage 3 (34.7%), followed with stage 4 (32.6%) and 2 (26%). Less than 2% of patients presented with pure neurologic symptoms and these responded well to treatment. Relapse was seen more frequently in stage 4 patients and less in stage 4S. The OPEC protocol, started in 81% of patients, achieved a 54% response; on the other hand, in 15%, N6 was used, with the response rate of 40%. Patient data was analyzed and interpreted using SPSS software to reveal which clinical and biologic factors improve neuroblastoma outcome. Conclusion and patients' age at the time of diagnosis are the most important clinical factors to predict outcome, while primary tumor site and some biologic findings such as urinary VMA and serum LDH levels have a less important value


There are inaccessible opportunities and big market for China's software industry,the fast improvement of the innovative capability is the key of the acceleration of China's software industry and the only way of the sustainable development of China's economy.In order to improve the innovative capability of China's software industry,we should prompt the alliance of software enterprises,increase the investment of software's research and create the innovative enviornment.


Structure-based lead optimization approaches are increasingly playing a role in the drug-discovery process. Virtual screening by molecular docking has become a largely used approach to lead discovery in the pharmaceutical industry when a high-resolution structure of the biological target of interest is available. The performance of three docking programs (Arguslab, Autodock and FlexX), for virtual database screening, is studied. Autodock and FlexX are well established commercial packages while Arguslab is distributed freely for Windows platforms by Planaria Software. Comparisons of these docking programs and scoring functions using a large and diverse data set of pharmaceutically interesting targets and active compounds are carried out. We focus on the problem of docking and scoring flexible compounds which are sterically capable of docking into a rigid conformation of the receptor. The three dimensional structures of a carefully chosen set of 126 pharmaceutically relevant proteinligand complexes were used for the comparative study. The Autodock methodology is shown to consistently yield enrichments superior to the two alternative methods, while FlexX outperforms largely Arguslab.


The issue that many authors share the same name results in many problems for paper search and the study of the Scientists Collaboration Network. In this paper, we study the problem of name ambiguities towards author-based search, propose a framework on same name disambiguation towards literatures searching, and propose a method to classify author-based searching results based on researchers of the real world. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the methods we proposed.


The COVID-19 pandemic has evolved from the initial outbreak in March 2020 to the 2021 Delta variant and is continuing with the Omicron variant. Healthcare procedures which result in aerosol generation have been disrupted in particular by the requirement for COVID-19 testing to minimise risk to patients and staff. Trans-oesophageal echocardiography (TOE) has long been recognised as the gold standard for imaging of the left atrial appendage in patients with atrial fibrillation prior to direct current cardioversion. TOE however is an invasive, resource intensive investigation requiring procedural sedation and is an aerosol-generating procedure (AGP). Computed tomography left atrial appendage (CTLAA) has been increasingly recognised as a safe, minimally invasive and accurate alternative to TOE. We believe that CTLAA should supplant TOE as the standard of assessment prior to direct current reversion and that as the main proprietors of CT scanners in hospitals, radiologists have a pivotal role in driving this change. The aim of this article is to describe the implementation of CTLAA as an alternative to TOE in an Australian setting during the COVID-19 pandemic. Computed tomography left atrial appendage can be performed without the same aerosol-generating risks of TOE, requires fewer healthcare workers to interact directly with the patient and has a shorter duration of patient contact time. Internationally, the uptake has been widespread with endorsement by the Society of Cardiac Computed Tomography (SCCT) for the use as an alternative to TOE in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The authors are not aware of any current Australian-based guidelines for the use of CTLAA, with local use primarily being for the exclusion of LAA thrombus and surgical planning in patients prior to pulmonary vein isolation, and in structural heart disease planning for preand post-left atrial appendage occlusion. Computed tomography left atrial appendage has excellent evidence for excluding LAA thrombus with a


This book is intended to fill up the Gap in the literature on the history of education, which has not taken adequate account of the unique contributions made by Hindu thought to both educational theory and practice. A most comprehensive treatise on the history of ancient Indian education.


A new γ-glutamylpeptide, γ-glutamylnicotianine was isolated from a cationic peptide-rich fraction of Lentinus edodes, and the structure was confirmed by enzymatic synthesis. The presence of lactam of saccharopine and γ-glutamylglutamic acid was demonstrated in the fraction.


Constitution, "Congress must respond with solid statutory checks, not floor speeches and 'sense of Congress' resolutions." Indeed, Congress "need[s] to participate in the daily grind of overseeing administration policies, passing judgment on them, and behaving as a coequal, independent branch." Fisher concludes that ultimately Congress "may stand against the President or stand behind him, but it should not stand aside" (205). His study, however, is replete with example after example of when Congress has done just that. How often it has danced what might be called the avoidance waltz— one step forward, one step backwards and side step, side step, side step. Granting that Fisher has the correct diagnosis, how meaningful is his remedy? After more than two hundred years, it will not be easy for Congress "to rediscover its institutional and constitutional duties." Against such a quest is a vast and well-established legacy of acquiescence, matched by technological innovations in weaponry and communication that have strengthened the supposed need for the executive branch to act quickly and decisively in the field of foreign relations. This acquiescence has been exacerbated by an understandable but unfortunate tendency by the Executive branch to play off Congressional fear of interference in diplomatic affairs against its vital functions as a coequal branch of government. If it is true that adjectives such as quick and decisive ill define the congressional modus operandi, Congress has only itself to blame. On the other hand, Fisher sees the history of the War Powers Resolution as a positive sign. Agreeing with other scholars such as John Hart Ely that its core concept is sound, he suggests revisions to the statute—one of which would tie congressional control more effectively to the power of the purse. Most important to this reviewer, however, is what Fisher implies but does not articulate. It is no less than a major restructuring of the traditional view that Congress takes a back seat in the vehicle known as presidential war power. Congress must rethink and recast its functions, "especially over matters of war and peace." But Fisher fails to confront how much a transformation of the traditional congressional role and relationship such action would entail. The longer Congress delays in such change, the more difficult it will be to accomplish. At the end of his book, one is left with the gnawing question: is Congress willing to do what it must do to bring about the changes which Fisher shows to be so badly needed? This reviewer remains hopeful but skeptical.


This paper seeks to argue that even though globalization processes such as structural-adjustment programs may in one way or the other be beneficial to developing countries, they do not actually lead to the reduction of poverty in these countries. The first part of this paper deals with indept definitions held on the concept of globalization. The second part also discusses some of the arguments held by those who subscribe to concept of globalization and its impact on the poor in developing countries. Lastly this paper in the final part argues that globalization does not result in the reduction of poverty among the poor in developing countries as we are most of the time made to believe.


In this paper we propose the use of a system that provides movement decision support to evacuees. We first present a fully distributed system, which takes into account the spatial characteristics of hazard propagation. We also design and evaluate a system that is based on a decentralised architecture. We use a multi-agent simulation platform for building evacuation that we developed, in order to evaluate our proposed systems.


Magnesium (Mg), strontium (Sr) or fluoride (F) ions have been shown to affect in vitro activities of bone cells and in vivo mineralization. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Mg, Sr and F ions on the activities of odontoblast-like cells (MDPC-23) using an in vitro cell culture model. Mg, Sr or F ions were added to the medium in the following concentrations: Mg - 1, 5, 10 mM; Sr - 0.05, 0.1, 0.3, 1 mM; F- 0.005, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1 mM. Results were observed after 1, 7 and 14 days using Von Kossa staining, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Preliminary results showed the following: Mg ions demonstrated a positive effect at low concentrations and a negative effect at high concentrations; Sr ions demonstrated a positive dose dependent effect up to a concentration of 0.1 mM and a negative effect at higher concentrations; and F ions demonstrated a positive dose-dependent effect up to a concentration of 0.005 mM and inhibitory effects at higher concentrations. This preliminary study showed that the positive or negative effects of Mg, Sr or F ions on odontoblastic activities (proliferation and mineralization) depend on their concentration levels in the environment.


Ovarian cancer is one of the common neoplasms of female reproductive organs. The mortality topped the list of all kinds of reproductive neoplasm. With the development of molecular genetics and cancer genetics,the genetic diagnosis has become the important approach of malignancy cure. Thus,learning the molecular genetics mechanism of ovarian cancer is of great meaning for the disease,including the portent,the treatment and the prognosis of disease. A large number of clinical pathology and molecular genetics experiments proved that there was close correlation between the abnormal activities of ERK1/2 pathway and the cancer development. This review summarizes the latest study on ERK1/2 pathway,mainly about the KRAS or BRAF mutation,and the development of ERK1/2 pathway in low-grade ovarian serous tumors.


The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the satisfaction and absorption of spectating on desire of re-spectating at the professional sporting events. This study set a model of consumer behavior decision based on the results of the precedent studies about the determinative factors of consumer behavior and the hypothetical model done by Wakefield & Sloan(1995), Hansen & Gauthier(1989), Jeffrey(1997), Green(1995), and Kim(1999) and clarified it through the regression. To attain the goal of the study described above paragraphs, some viewers of 2007 season pro-soccer and pro-baseball games were set as a collected group. Then, using the stratified cluster random sampling method, finally drew out and analyzed 605 spectators in total. Data collected through a questionnaire designed for this study consist of fixed alternative choice response to items constructed to represent the operational definition for each variable. Statistics employed for data analysis was correlation and multiple regression. Based upon the results of the study, the following conclusions appear warranted: 1. Satisfaction of spectating influence on desire of re-spectating at the professional sporting events. 2. Satisfaction of absorption influence on desire of re-spectating at the professional sporting events.


Electric-field induced transition of resistive switching behaviors has been demonstrated in BaTiO3/Co:BaTiO3/BaTiO3 trilayers. At low applied bias, the Au/BaTiO3/Co:BaTiO3/BaTiO3/Pt device shows bipolar resistive switching (BRS) behavior, whereas it converts to complementary resistive switching (CRS) at high applied bias due to the depletion of oxygen vacancies in BaTiO3 layer. The Schottky-like emission accompanied by trapping/detrapping process at the interfaces is likely responsible for the BRS and CRS effects in the trilayers. Furthermore, the operating current of the CRS devices can be reduced significantly by decreasing the doped layer.


The growing popularity of neural networks encourages their use in various applications. This paper presents the classification results of distortions in the image using convolutional neural networks (CNN). This is one of the steps in various approaches to Non-Reference linage Quality Assessment, where first the distortion type is detected and then, its measured intensity is mapped to the mean opinion score. Accordingly, the score can be used as an optimization parameter for designing image processing or compression algorithms. Thus, being able to easily and reliably detect the distortion type is a very important task. The paper shows two architectures of CNN and compares the obtained results with another solution. The proposed solutions outperform other solutions, based on support vector machines, by over 10% in terms of accuracy.


Images appropriated from movies, advertisements, and stock photography have been the source material for much of John Baldessari's art since the 1970s. How visual conventions—old and new; painterly, photographic, and filmic—inform the way we interpret images is a central question he poses through his work. Baldessari not only investigates how formal devices reinforce the narrative content of an image or image sequence, but also asks us to consider the ways in which images circulate in our mediated environment.


An investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of selected plants (Ziziphus jujube) supplemented feed on the effect parameters and specific effect rate of Oreochromis mossambicous. Two experimental feeds were prepared by adding 10 ml of leaf extract to the basal diet and one control feed without plant extract. The fishes were supplemented with these feeds for 30days and the results were obtained for every 15 days once. The data were analyzed using standard deviation and the means were separated using least significant differences. The fishes fed with Ziziphus jujube supplemented feed showed maximum increase in gill congestion and specific growth rate. The maximum increase in length was observed in the fishes that were supplemented feed .This study indicated that inclusion of plant ingredients in fish feed resulted in superior effect performance and the formulation of plant based diet for fish will provide new opportunities.
KEY WORDS: Ziziphus jujube,Oreochromis mossambicous.


The public order management work of the special trades and public entertainment places is an important part of the public work and its evaluation system is also an important content of the achievements and effects evaluation of public work. However, there are still some unilateral, non- objective and incomplete questions. We should determine the evaluative targets and operate from the aspects of targets, examination, evaluation and feedback. It will be a great impetus to the publie order management work of trades and places.


This paper present an improved 2D bearing model for investigation of the vibrations of a ball-bearing during run-up. The presented numerical model assumes deformable outer race, which is modelled with finite elements, centrifugal load effects and radial clearance. The contact force for the balls is described by a nonlinear Hertzian contact deformation. Various surface defects due to local deformations are introduced into the developed model. The detailed geometry of the local defects is modelled as an impressed ellipsoid on the races and as a flattened sphere for the rolling balls. The obtained equations of motion were solved numerically with a modified Newmark time-integration method for the increasing rotational frequency of the shaft. The simulated vibrational response of the bearing with different local faults was used to test the suitability of the continuous wavelet transformation for the bearing fault identification and classification.


This paper was born with the purpose of encouraging academic debate within the economic discipline that has been dominated by a purely orthodox or mainstream approach. One of the most innovative books in the expository-pedagogical part and its content is represented by the Anti-Blanchard macroeconomics by Emiliano Brancaccio. Beyond the analysis of the two contrasting models, the Anti-Blanchard model is used to study the situation in several Latin American countries. In particular, the structural change happened in those countries since the stronger wave of increasing neoliberal policies seem to fit particularly well in the explanation of the Anti-Blanchard model.


Abstract The paper discusses the influence of the initial parameters on the strength parameters of S235JR steel at low stress triaxiality. The analysis was performed using the Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman (GTN) material model, which takes into consideration the material structure. The initial material porosity was defined as the void volume fraction f0. The fully dense material without pores was assumed and the typical and maximum values of porosity were considered for S235JR steel in order to analyse the porosity effect. The strength analysis of S235JR steel was performed basing on the force-elongation curves obtained experimentally and during numerical simulations. Taking into consideration the results obtained, the average values of the initial void volume fraction f0 = 0.001 for S235JR steel is recommended to use in a common engineering calculations for elements operating at low stress triaxiality. In order to obtain more conservative results, the maximum values of f0 = 0.0024 may be used.


The design and operation of cylindrical linear induction pumps for use in fast reactors is studied. Experimental data are presented for the TsLIN-5/850 pump. (AIP)


Ringworm (tinea or dermatophytosis) is a highly contagious skin infection which exerts an unpleasant aesthetic status among pre-pubertal children. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of tinea capitis among pupils in Izombe community, Oguta L.G.A Imo State, South East Nigeria due the ongoing/uncontrolled gas flaring activity from the oil companies in the area. Hair clippings and scalp scrapings were collected from 50 pupils in 5 Primary Schools within the locality. The samples were seeded on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar supplemented with Chloramphenicol (S+C) and another to which Chloramphenicol and Actidione (S+C+A) were added, and examined microscopically for fungal elements using lactophenol cotton blue. Ethical approval was obtained from the school's Head Teacher. Statistical analyses were by simple percentage and pie chart. 37 samples (74.0%) were positive for dermatophytes, while 13(26.0%) were negative. Identified dermatophytes include: Microsporium audouinii 9(24.3%), Trichophyton tonsurans 7(18.9%), T. rubrum 7(18.9%), T. mentagrophytes 6(16.2%), T. schoelenii 3(8.1%), T. violaceum 3(8.1%), and T. soudanese 2(5.4%). The study revealed that Trichophyton species predominated by (75.7%) than Microsporium species (24.3%). The infection is age and gender dependent, and decreases with an increase in age. Males had a higher prevalence 28(75.7%) than females 9(24.3%). However, statistical analysis showed significant difference (P<0.05) among pupils in the age brackets of 5-7 and 8-10 years. The gas flaring may have contribution to the high prevalence of the dermatophytes. Keywords—dermatophytes, tinea capitis, Izombe, Imo State, Nigeria


The purpose of this study was to analye the risk  of the maxillary sinus lift technique, and the correlation between the thickness of the gingiva, maxillary sinus membrane and the maxillary sinus lateral wall. Cone-Beam Computer Tomograhy (CBCT)  records of 32 adult dentate patients (10 ♂ / 22♀) were analyzed. The gingival thickness records of the dental units were compared to the thickness measurements of the membrane and lateral wall of the maxillary sinus. The gingival biotypes varied between 1.1mm (thin)  and  1.6mm (thick) presenting a small association to sexes. The thickness of the sinus membrane presented small association between sexes (0.2mm♀ / 0.3mm♂) and gingival biotypes (Cohen's D 0.52). The lateral wall presented a weak association between the biotypes (1.3mm-thin / 1.1mm - thick). There was also no correlation between the membrane and lateral wall (r = -0.22). The volume dimension related to the graft area of the sinus was 4mm³♂ and 5mm³♀. There was a weak correlation of gingival thickness compared to membrane thickness and lateral wall of the sinus (r = 0.304 / r = -0.31). Gingival thickness does not appear to be a reliable thickness predictor of the membrane or lateral wall of the maxillary sinus. The analysis of maxillary sinus anatomical structures through CBCT is the most reliable technique to identify the thickness of the membrane and  lateral wall of the maxillary sinus before surgery. We believe that new studies are necessary to confirm our findings.


For the sake of exploring influences of safety climate on safety performance, and improving the level of safety performance, the connotation indicators of safety climate and safety performance in Airlines were set up, and the hypothesis model of safety climate and safety performance was proposed. 200 workers in 10 Airlines in China were enquired by means of questionnaires and the structural equation model (SEM) was used to verify the hypothesis. Results showed that there is a positive correlation of safety climate with safety performance. The manager's concern on safety is significantly positively related to safety behaviors and safety results, and the risk perception is significantly positively related to safety results. There is a positive correlation of safety attitude and safety perception with safety behaviors. And also the safety promotion is positively related to safety results. In safety management, the Airlines can improve their safety climate, especially manager's concern on safety and risk perception of employees, to achieve high safety performance.


This study has been conducted in response to several accounting efforts aiming at exploring the importance of accounting information quality and its economic consequences. Also, the study aims at examining the effect of earnings quality on the cost of equity for a sample of industrial and service companies listed in the Amman Stock Exchange (ASE). It is hypothesized that earnings quality reduces the cost of equity through reducing the information risk.
The sample consists of (78) companies, (51) of which belong to the industrial sector and (27) belong to the service sector during the period (1993-2007). Through using qualitative characteristics of accounting information specified in the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), we have examined the effect of earnings attributes on the cost of equity using 422 observations along with 886 observations for measuring the earnings attributes.
The results of the study show that, in general, earnings quality affects the cost of equity and that earnings attributes have individually an effect on the cost of equity. However, the effect of the earnings relevance dimension on the cost of equity is higher than that of the earnings reliability dimension. Further, the resuls show that the effect of earnings conservatism is very low on the cost of equity. Finally, the effect of the accounting-based earnings attributes is higher than the effect of the market-based earnings attributes on the cost of equity.


Mahesh Dattani is an Indian playwright who has written extensively about the lives of women in India. Dattani's plays often explore the experiences of women in India, and how they are affected by social and cultural norms. This paper tries to discuss and explore the themes of gender discrimination, incest, patriarchy, women subordination, and power. In his plays, women are often shown as victims of patriarchal society. However, they also show how women can fight back against these forces. Dattani's plays show that women are not simply victims of patriarchal society. They are strong and resilient individuals who can fight back against oppression. His plays offer a message of hope to women everywhere. In many of his plays, he explores the ways in which women are subjected to violence and discrimination and how they are fighting back against traumatic situations, such as abuse, incest, gender discrimination, and violence. Dattani's plays are important because they give voice to the experiences of women who are often silenced. He shows that women are capable of overcoming adversity and resilience, and they will not hesitate to fight back for their rights. His plays also challenge traditional gender roles and stereotypes, and they offer a vision of a more just and equitable society.


A dynamic hydrogen-bonded organic framework, HOF-12, has been synthesized from 1,3,5-tris(4-carboxyphenyl)-2,4,6-trismethylbenzene and crystallographically characterized. Through single-crystal X-ray diffraction determination, the hydrogen-bonded supramolecular architecture with a pore size of 8.6 × 10.8 A2 has been identified, which consists of six interpenetrated carboxyl-linked 6,3-topological networks. The powder X-ray diffraction analysis and the giant hysteresis sorption of carbon dioxide at 196 K demonstrate the obvious contraction of the degassed hydrogen-bonded framework, exhibiting a high CO2 uptake of 328 cm g–1 at 1.0 atm.


This research aims to know the effect of learning model of Auditory, Intellectually,
and Repetition (AIR) about cube concept comprehension to students' VIII grade at
SMP Pustek Serpong. Kind of the research is experiment quasi research. The
research instrument that used is analysis question pretest and postest. The data
analyze by using normality test, homogenity test, and t-test. The result of the research
show that there is the different ability of cube concept comprehension among
students' who gave air learning model with convensional learning model.

Keywords: Model Pembelajaran Auditory Intellectually and Repetition (AIR),
concept comprehension


Many critics state that "political correctness" is a central theme of The Human Stain. This paper first asks if a definition of "political correctness" is possible and compares the use of political correctness" to the phrase "appropriate" in the novel. Then it addresses the persecution of the protagonist for using the word "spooks" and asks if the novel considers condemning stigmatizing language as acceptable censorship and whether the anti-racism crusade is taken here to such an extreme that it turned into a witch hunt. The most important question addressed is how extreme the anti-racist theme of the novel is. When "political correctness" is equated with extreme anti-racism, the novel would be for "political correctness" since Coleman is condemned for racism in supporting abstract liberalism; using "white" racist language and believing the unconscious master signifier "Whiteness" promises wholeness. Since "White" terror is not acknowledged by the white public, racism continues.


Technological determinism: contours of a concept Technological determinism, which in essence is the concept meaning that 'technology determines history', has its roots in eighteenth-century Enlightenment. It has manifested itself against various political backgrounds as the idea of the development of human power in overcoming nature and anti-revolutionary forces, as well as a view of technology as a method of political salvation. The approaches of various thinkers are categorized by Bimber as being either normative (corresponding to a soft determinism), nomological or one of unforseen consequences. During the twentieth century a number of writers (among them Ellul) have expounded pessimistic and even fatalistic views on the effects of technology. Ironically, they have thus done much to enhance the image of technology as a force in society. Both those who view technology positively and those who are intensely sceptical about its influence accord it an active, even autonomous role in the development of society. However, a third view is both possible and imperative, namely that technology and its development are part of both our freedom and our responsibility, and that it must therefore be controlled and utilized as part of our stewardship of God's creation.


The cause and discipline of injection process parameters,including melt temperate,mould temperate,injection time,cooling time and holding pressure,on the warpage of the part were analyzed by software Moldflow.The results showed that the holding pressure was to be the principal factors selected in the main experiments and the warpage would be the smaller when the packing pressure was 95% of the injection pressure;the warpage decreased with the rise of the melt temperate and with the decrease of the injection time;the influence of the cooling time on the warpage was not obvious;and the influence of the mould temperate on the warpage was complex.According to the analysis results,the warpage was further decreased by using the optimization process.


Elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery are at higher risk for postoperative complications and mortality. Currently available literature on elderly patients undergoing an esophagectomy is inconclusive and dates back from the time before minimally invasive techniques were implemented.

 Length of hospital stay, 90-day morbidity and mortality were analyzed from patients undergoing minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) between 2014 and 2017 in a single center. Data from patients aged 76 years or older was compared to the cohort of patients aged 71 to 75 years old.

 From a consecutive series of in total 187 patients two cohorts were retrieved: 19 patients 76 years or older (group 1) were compared to 41 patients 71 to 75 years old (group 2). Median age was 77 years (76–83) in group 1 and 72 years (71–75) in group 2 (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in sex, Charlson comorbidity score, number of patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiaton, histological tumor type, tumor stage, number of lymph nodes harvested and type of anastomosis. There were no significant differences in length of hospital stay, 90-day morbidity and mortality. The percentage of anastomotic leakage was 21.2% in group 1 and 14.6% in group 2. Mortality was 10.5% and 4.9% respectively.

 No difference was seen in morbidity and mortality after MIE comparing the eldest old to younger old patients. Therefore, patient selection should not be based on calendar age alone.

 All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.


The purpose of the study is to compare the student profile characteristics, which were categorized as demographic, prematriculation, and matriculation, between traditional residential and commuter students at a public, research, commuter university. Using status attainment as the theoretical framework, the researchers employed a discriminant function analysis to examine how the student profile characteristics were classified (or discriminated) between the two student groups. The results suggested that compared to their residential student peers, commuter students were more likely to be Hispanic and to be in-state students. Residential students were more likely to be African American, possess a higher socioeconomic status, have parents with a higher level of education, accumulate more grossed credits, and use higher amounts of financial aid in the forms of work study, grants, and loans. When comparing the academic success measures (i.e., GPA, retention, academic standing), there were no differences between residential and commuter students. As national student enrollments continue to evolve and commuter institutions continue to admit more diverse student populations, additional research is needed to examine these evolving multifaceted student characteristics. ********** Arthur Chickering's (1974) classic work is credited for bringing the residential-versus-commuter comparison into the national spotlight, and many empirical studies have built on his foundational work. When examining the collective body of research, the general underlying theme is that residential students have considerable advantages over commuter students, especially in academic success measures (e.g., Bowman & Partin, 1993; Pascarella, Bohr, Nora, Zusman, & Inman, 1992; Pascarella, 1985a; Pascarella & Terenzini, 2005). Yet, the majority of the residential-versus-commuter empirical comparisons primarily consider students from residential institutions (Dugan, Garland, Jacoby, & Gasiorski, 2008; Weissberg, Owen, Jenkins, & Harburg, 2003). As national student enrollments continue to become more diverse (Pascarella & Terenzini, 2005), the diversity of students at public commuter institutions increase exponentially. This relationship can most likely be attributed to public urban institutions enrolling more diverse student populations than traditional private and/or rural institutions (e.g., ASHE-ERIC, 2004; Jacoby & Garland, 2004). With such dynamics, continual research is needed to examine these complex student characteristics, especially in regards to specific institutional types (Braxton & Hirschy, 2005; Pascarella & Terenzini, 2005). This imbalance is particularly evident for single institution studies, where research on residential institutions is more prominent. Thus, there is a need to develop research that builds upon the residential-versus-commuter student comparison at commuter institutions. Therefore, this study will compare the student profile characteristics, categorized as demographic, prematriculation (precollege), and matriculation (college), between traditionally aged (18-24 years old) residential and commuter students at a large, public, research, commuter university located in the western United States. Review of Literature Residential and commuter students' dissimilarities begin with their living locations. Residential students are commonly defined as students living in institutionally owned or operated facilities on-campus, and commuter students are conversely defined as students living off-campus in non-institutionally owned or operated housing (Jacoby & Girrell, 1981; Jacoby, 1989). Yet, higher education literature suggests that the two student groups possess inherent differences that stretch beyond their living location. In general, commuter students are a more heterogeneous population who are viewed, although somewhat less as research progresses, as being "disadvantaged" to residential students because they lack the opportunities offered by the residential hall experience (e. …


The paper identifies the very way in which 'managing' is traditionally conceptualized as one of the root causes of the widespread crisis of ethics within contemporary organizations. Traditionally, ...


The waste solution discharged form the LCD(Liquid Crystal Display) manufacturing process contains phosphoric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid and metal ions such Al and other impurities. In this study, vacuum evaporation and diffusion dialysis was developed to commercialize an efficient system for recovering the high-purity phosphoric acid and manufacturing monoammonium phosphate. By vacuum evaporation, almost 99% of nitric and acetic acid was removed. Also, by diffusion dialysis, about 97.5% of Al was removed. Monoammonium phosphate was manufactured from purified phosphoric acid and ammonium hydroxide. In order to get the optimum manufacturing condition, the molar ratio of ammonium hydroxide and phosphoric acid, pH and temperature was controlled. Using this optimum condition, we obtained the recovery rate of monoammonium phosphate of about 90%.


At present the effects of NO2 gas on textile goods are investigated using the JIS L 0855 method.In the present study we have investigated the effects of NO2 on carpet nylon BCF yarns when exposed to a fixed concentration of NO2 for several hours continuously.The results of this study showed noticable color change caused by NO2 gas exposure in cases where the present JIS method showed no such change.Moreover, it was recognized that the effects of NO2 gas on dyed textile goods vary according to dye structure differences.


Liquid phase oxidation of cyclohexane has been studied in a continuous reactor using Cobalt naphthenate as catalyst. The influence of temperature, oxygen saturation pressure and the catalyst on the conversion and product distribution has been investigated. With an increase in the temperature the induction period was reduced and the concentrations of cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone were increased before reaching a maximum value corresponding to complete conversion of oxygen. The product distribution was not much affected by temperature and pressure. The influence of 1.5 ppm Cobalt naphthenate on the reaction rate is almost equivalent to that due to a rise in temperature of 15K. The applicability of the kinetic model developed in earlier studies has also been examined. The agreement between experimental data and model predictions is good.


The research aims to (1) describe emotional intelligence on the learning motivation of East Jakarta junior high school students during the Covid-19 pandemic, (2) analyze the effect of emotional intelligence on learning motivation of East Jakarta junior high school students during the Covid-19 pandemic. Using quantitative, with associative types. The sample is 100 junior high school students in Jakarta. The results of simple linear regression analysis, obtained the equation that learning motivation: 26,151 + 0,755 emotional intelligence. The constant value of learning motivation is 26,151, while the regression coefficient for emotional intelligence is 0.755. The constant value is positive, meaning that if there is no emotional intelligence, the learning motivation is 26,151. The regression coefficient is positive, meaning that there is a positive relationship between emotional intelligence variables and learning motivation. If emotional intelligence has increased by 1% then students' learning motivation will increase by 75.5%. Based on the results of the t test, obtained a significance value: 0.000 and t count: 14,404. Significance value: 0.000 less than 0.05, meaning that there is a significant influence between the independent variable of emotional intelligence on the dependent variable of learning motivation of East Jakarta Middle School students during the Covid-19 pandemic.. Research on the analysis of students' emotional intelligence on student learning motivation during the covid-19 pandemic is expected to find out new information about the factors of students' emotional intelligence problems during online learning so that it can increase students' online learning motivation. The method used is purposive random sampling, the use of questionnaires and descriptive analysis through statistical tests
Keywords: Emotional Intelligence; Motivation to learn; Covid-19 pandemic


Environmental pollution is one of the issues of serious concern in the developing countries such as Nigeria; industrial activities contribute to the growth of the economy but usually at the expense of the environment. Although the Nigerian textile industry has in the time past contributed positively to the economy of her country it is not without its negative environmental impact. This review article covers the impact of Nigerian textile industry on her economy as well as her environment and most importantly is the environmental protection effort of the last five years (2008-2012)


This paper established a magnetic latching relay's action mechanism model by using multi-body dynamics software ADAMS,and built a contact spring model by using finite element analysis software Ansys and analyzed spring's antiforce.Combining with the advantages of ADAMS and Ansys in stiff and flexible body respectively,the paper also did the simulation analysis for dynamic characteristics of magnetic latching relay's action mechanism,and the verification by using high-speed video test equipment and image processing technology.


Concern for the TOS (Transparent Oxide Semiconductor) is increasing with the recent increase in interest for flexible device. Especially MgZnO has attracted a lot of attention. , which ZnO-based wideband-gap alloys is tuneable the band-gap ranges from 3.36 eV to 7.8 eV. In particular, the flexible substrate, the crystal structure of the amorphous as well as the surface morphology is not good. So research of MgZnO thin films growth on flexible substrate is essential. Therefore, in this study, we studied on the effects of the oxygen partial pressure on the structural and crystalline of thin films. MgZnO thin films were deposited on PES substrate by using pulsed laser deposition. We used XRD and AFM in order to observe the structural characteristics of MgZnO thin films. UV-visible spectrophotometer was used to get the band gap and transmittance. Crystallization was done at a low oxygen partial pressure. The crystallinity of MgZnO thin films with increasing temperature was improved, Grain size and RMS of the films were increased. MgZnO thin films showed high transmittance over 80% in the visible region.


ABSTRACT The clouding behaviors of the surfactant p-tert-octylphenoxypolyoxyethylene ether (TX-100) and the water soluble polymer methylcellulose (MC) have been investigated in presence of two saponins, saponin-I (mixture of acaciaside A, acaciaside B, proacaciaside-I, proacaciaside-II, and acaciamine) and saponin-II (mixture of mimusopin and mimusopsin). The saponins have been observed to significantly prevent the clouding of both TX-100 and MC at low concentrations. Besides presenting the cloud points at different concentrations of the saponins, the energetics of the clouding process in terms of the solubilities of TX-100 and MC have also been determined.


In order to find the applicable resource services to satisfy the customer's demand quickly, the product service system should provide all resource information in a collaborative integrated environment. The approach on application services composition was proposed. It concluded a new composition framework, which comprises the web-based semantic definition for business messages, the methodology of constructing visualized integrated processes based on Business Process Execution Language (BPEL), and the strategy of vocabulary-based business rules. The service interactions and physical entity were depicted too. Finally quality of service multi dimensional model for the modeling of requirement and service matching and combination employed semantic approach were adopt to find out the appropriate composition service that satisfied the user constrains could be selected from service set.


In combination with reconstruction of the old cement concrete pavement,the application technology of replacing the semi-rigid base by stabilized broken stone base with large size asphalt mixture(ATB40) on the old cement concrete pavement,including pavement structural design,mixture ratio design of ATB40,road performance and construction technology are studied.The results show that the ATB40 is very effective to prevent the emergence of reflection cracks on the old cement concrete pavement overlay,and have good stability at high temperature and the water stability.


Yoga has become a popular form of exercise for improving core strength and stability in individuals with Low Back Pain (LBP). Researchers have quantified muscle activation during core stabilization exercises, believing that exercises which require greater activation will benefit that needing improved core stabilization. Minimal attention has been directed toward muscle activation during yoga. The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the relative activation of core muscles during yoga to traditional back exercises. Surface Electro Myo Graphy (EMG) was used to quantify the relative activation of the Rectus Abdominis (RA), Abdominal Obliques (AO), Lumbar Extensors (LE), and Gluteus Maximus (GMX) during four yoga poses (Chair, High Plank, Upward-Facing Dog, and Dominant-Side Warrior 1). Data were expressed as 100% of a Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction (100% MVIC). Separate analyses of variance with repeated measures were used to compare muscle activity across each exercise. The sequentially rejective Bonferroni test was used for post hoc testing. EMG activity during the High Plank was moderate (28% MVIC) and high (44% MVIC) for the RA and AO, respectively. The AO had moderate (27% MVIC) activity during the Upward-Facing Dog. EMG activity during the Chair was moderate (38% MVIC) only for the LE. GMX activity was low (< 21% MVIC) during all the exercises. These findings suggest that certain yoga poses may be useful for improving core endurance and strength. Clinicians may use these data when developing and implementing an evidence-based core exercise program for individuals with LBP who prefer a yoga treatment strategy. next 12-month period. More than 15% (36.7 million) of adults in the US consistently practice yoga, an increase of over 16 million since 2012. Most importantly, 74% of those who engage in yoga are relatively new to the practice, becoming involved within the last five years. Significance is the emerging and growing use of yoga across ethnic dimensions. Non-Hispanic adults showed a 30% increase in use of yoga from 2002 to 2012; significant increases in use by Hispanic (5.1%) and African American (5.6%) adults has been reported as well [1].


Compared with ordinary plane intersection,the annular intersection has some advantages such as less conflict points,more continuous traffic flow,better safety and easier to control.So it has been implemented in many urban roads.However,with the rapid increase of urban road transport demand,the capacity of annular intersection is unable to meet the demand.This paper introduces an effective way to solve the problems based on signal control,which effectively uses the time and spatial resources of the annular intersections and maximizes the capacity.


Sounds of the Suburb was a commissioned public art proposal based upon a brief set by Queensland Rail for the major redevelopment at their Brunswick Street Railway Station, Fortitude Valley, Brisbane. I proposed a large scale, electronic artwork to be distributed across the glass fronted structure of their station's new concourse building. It was designed as a network of LED based 'tracking' - along which would travel electronically animated, 'trains' of text synchronised to the actual train timetables. Each message packet moved endlessly through a complex spatial network of 'tracks' and 'stations' set both inside, outside and via the concourse. The design was underpinned by large scale image of sound waves etched onto the architecture's glass and was accompanied by two inset monitors each presenting ghosted images of passenger movements within the concourse, time-delay recorded and then cross-combined in realtime to form new composites.----- Each moving, reprogrammable phrase was conceived as a 'train of thought' and ostensibly contained an idea or concept about popular cultures surrounding contemporary music – thereby meeting the brief that the work should speak to the diverse musical cultures central to Fortitude Valley's image as an entertainment hub. These cultural 'memes', gathered from both passengers and the music press were situated alongside quotes from philosophies of networking, speed and digital ecologies. These texts would continually propagate, replicate and cross fertlise as they moved throughout the 'network', thereby writing a constantly evolving 'textual soundcape' of that place. This idea was further cemented through the pace, scale and rhythm of passenger movements continually recorded and re-presented on the smaller screens.


In 1979, the publication of Kenneth Waltz's seminal Theory of International Politics propelled the concept of anarchy into the central discourse of international relations (IR) theory, as he suggested that "international systems are decentralised and anarchic" (2010, p. 88). Waltz's magnum opus has had a profound, enduring influence on the contemporary discussion of theory development within IR, and this essay will consider whether or not anarchy is a compelling core concept – as is alluded to by its discursive pre-eminence. The essay will begin by briefly surveying the history of anarchy as a concept in IR theory, before comparing the competing realist approaches to anarchy. First, by examining the classical realist understanding of anarchy as a peripheral feature of the international system, and then engaging with Waltz's structural realist approach, where anarchy becomes the fundamental ordering principle of the international system (2010, pp. 88-89). Using Waltz's explanation, the essay will then consider three crucial implications of anarchy and its structural features, before exploring the challenges to these implications from constructivist and liberal institutionalist perspectives. Having weighed the merits of anarchy next to the charges laid against it, the essay will contend that a structural emphasis on hierarchy or on the social community of states may be better disposed to explain the actions of actors within the international system, concluding that anarchy is not a suitable core concept on which to build theories of IR.


Although less mediatized than deforestation or climate change, biological invasions remain problematic for the conservation of many ecosystems and the maintenance of various socio-economical activities.Understanding the way invasive non-native species spread in their introduced range is enabling a better apprehension of their impacts, the possibility to predict their expansion, and the development of better management strategies. A problem is that a species invasion dynamics are actually composed of a hierarchy of processes occurring simultaneously at various spatiotemporal scales and which are controlled by drivers that are time- or context-dependent. To gain more profound insights into these dynamics, one has to study the patterns they create and their underlying processes at all relevant scales.Occurring on the five continents and highly invasive on at least two of them, Asian knotweeds (Reynoutria spp.) are acknowledged as being among the most invasive species in the world. Gifted with a large environmental tolerance and high abilities for vegetative multiplication, these giant herbaceous plants can quickly form large clonal monocultures that exclude the other plant species, modify biogeochemical cycles, and affect various anthropic activities. Target of management campaigns for decades, knotweeds display an insolent resilience to the great despair of many stakeholders. Despite having been extensively studied, many aspects of their dynamics are still elusive. Consequently, in this thesis, we have tried to highlight what the drivers of the spatiotemporal dynamics of knotweeds across scales are, and how their management could benefit from a better understanding of these dynamics?To answer these questions, we first focused our attention on the clonal dynamics of knotweeds and on their variations when they experience differing conditions in terms of light availability and disturbance (repeated mowing). We have shown that although shade or mowing affects the vigour and the development of clones, it does not prevent their establishment or their growth. In fact, knotweeds seem able to adopt different growth strategies to cope with environmental heterogeneity, suggesting some management avenues. In a second study, we tried to identify the drivers that controlled the expansion of knotweed stands along an elevational gradient. If we showed that the lateral expansion of stands is mostly constrained by their size (and thus, possibly their age) and the vicinity of roads and rivers, we also brought evidences that knotweeds could have the potential to invade mountain regions. Then, to help for the acquisition of large-scale datasets on knotweeds' distribution, we developed a procedure to accurately detect and map knotweeds using satellite or drone imagery. Our results were quite encouraging and could be useful to both the basic research and to the detection of newly invaded areas, enabling earlier control operations and more efficient management.Finally, we tried to draw a full picture of the current knowledge on the invasion dynamics of knotweeds by reviewing the literature on the movement of these plants across spatial and temporal scales, to discuss and expand the reach of the insights gained in the various chapters of this thesis.


In this paper the queues are used as a method to improve maintenance performance. The information collected by vibration analysis is used to check the system status and see whether a maintenance op...


The solutions of the dual bending energy functional on the dual unit sphere
 S2 ? D3 are investigated. Dual spherical elastica is characterized by the
 dual Euler-Lagrange equation by using techniques of calculus of variation.
 The real and dual parts of the dual Euler-Lagrange differential equation are
 solved by different methods. Dual spherical elastica is shown to correspond
 to the elastic strip constituted by planar elastica in R3.


Progress in veterinary immunophenotyping has previously been constrained by the scarcity of mAbs to cell surface markers in domestic animal species. Now, several commercial companies produce mAbs raised against leukocyte antigens from domestic animals. Flow cytometry become an indispensable tool for medical research, particularly in the fields of immunology and hematology. During the last years, the Egyptian cattle livestock was exposed to outbreaks of certain infectious diseases; as lumpy skin disease, bovine ephemeral fever and rift valley fever, leading to great economic losses. Evaluation of the Efficacy and Cross-Protectivity of any applied vaccine in Egypt requires preliminary studies to investigate the characteristics of the immune system in a chosen farm animal species including the proportions of subpopulations and leukocyte differentiation molecules (LDM). The present study was conducted to gain a better understanding of the immune system of the Egyptian young and adult apparently healthy native cattle using a large set of mAbs that recognize bovine MHC and LDM. Analysis of cellular composition of Baladi cattle immune system revealed that the whole leukocyte population in young animals composed of granulocytes representing about 30%, monocytes representing about 11% and lymphocytes representing about 59% while in adult animals, the granulocytes represent about 22%, monocytes represent about 7% and lymphocytes represent about 71%. CD4 + T cells represent about 41% of T cells in young animals and the proportion of this cell subset represents about 44% of T cells in adult animals. Mean while the CD8 + T cell subset was found to represent about 22% of T cell subset in young animals while representing about 41% of T cell subset in adult animals. The results obtained from this study showed that these mAbs can be used to characterize the immune system of native Egyptian cattle and to analyze the immune response to infectious agents and their vaccines. This study provided a strong background for the choosing of the suitable Strategies for development and testing candidate vaccines in Egypt.


This work employs single particle Monte Carlo method to calculation the electron mobility in Graphene Nanoribbons including phonon scattering (acoustic and optical) and Line Edge Roughness scattering. Mobility as high as 2×10 cm/Vs is obtained and when the GNRs width is 2 nm, the mobility reduces to only about 200 cm/Vs. These results agree well with experiment results. Also the effect of roughness parameters on mobility is analyzed. Keywords-Graphene Nanoribbons; Monte Carlo; scattering; mobility.


Noise equivalent quanta (NEQ) of Lanex Regular/T Mat G and Lanex Regular/T Mat L screen-film combinations were determined using modulation transfer function (MTF) and noise power spectrum (NPS) data. To accomplish this, average gamma of the radiograph was computed, the MTF and the NPS data were linearly interpolated and these values were used to compute the NEQ by means of a computer program. The computation shows that for spatial frequency 0–0.7 cycles/mm the NEQ of Lanex Regular/T Mat G is slightly lower than that of Lanex Regular/T Mat L, for spatial frequency 0.7–1.5 cycles/mm the NEQ of both are almost the same, and for frequencies greater than 1.5 cycles/mm the NEQ of the former is greater than that of the latter. Relatively, this indicates that low frequency signals show better on Lanex Rregula/T Mat L, but high frequency signals show better on Lanex Regular/T Mat G.


The motor drives are the major consumers of the electrical energy. There are two main ways for energy saving: to use the advanced techniques of the optimal control and to adapt a solution to the existing drive systems in order to increase the energy efficiency. In order to find an answer to this challenge, in this paper a very cheap and efficient solution is proposed. The proposed electrical drive system is obtained in two steps: firstly, the optimal control based on the energetic criteria is used in order to obtain the optimal speed response; secondly, the optimal speed response is used as reference to the existing conventional drive system. The obtained efficient electric drive system combines the energetic performances of the optimal control with the features of the conventional drive control, the solution being applicable to the industrial drive systems. The optimal control solution is based on the integration of the matrix Riccati differential equation (MRDE) and it is computed on-line. The optimal control has three components: the state feedback, the forcing component to achieve the desired state and the compensating feed forward of the perturbation. It is tested by using numerical simulations on the specific cycle of an elevator drive system and implemented to an industrial drive system.


A quark (Q) model recently proposed by the authors for high-energy meson-baryon and photoproduction processes is extended to high-energy baryon-baryon scattering and production of negative-parity baryons. The positive- and negative-parity baryons are assumed to belong, respectively, to the representations (56,1) and (70,3) of the group SU(6)×O(3). Sum rules resembling those of SU(3) and SU(6,6), but differing in details, are obtained for the baryon-baryon processes within the 56 representation. An interesting sum rule which is obtained for negative-parity baryon production involves only nonstrange particles and could be within fairly early reach of experiment. The model is primarily characterized by an impluse approximation for Q-Q scattering and thus disallows processes involving exchanges of more than one unit of charge, hypercharge, and even spatial symmetry, among the initial and final 3Q states representing the baryons. This last condition precludes the high-energy peripheral production of metastable baryon states like the Roper resonance, which we believe to have an internal orbital structure of L P =1 + .


Background: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an established marker of subclinical inflammation, and a high NLR is associated with poorer clinical outcomes in cancer patients. Despite this, factors that influence the magnitude of NLR independently of disease are poorly understood. Here, we systematically assess the influence of socio-demographic and lifestyle factors on NLR to identify a) potential confounders and effect modifiers in the relationship between NLR and cancer outcomes, and b) possible targets for intervention in patients with high NLR at diagnosis. Methods: Based on a total participant cohort of 48,023 adults with available NLR data, we identified 20 factors of interest relating to patient demographics, socioeconomic status and lifestyle that were included in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 1999 and 2016. Multivariable regression analysis identified factors significantly associated with the magnitude of NLR after adjusting for comorbidities and medications. Interactions between factors of interest were evaluated, and effect modification by demographic characteristics including age, sex and race was quantified. Results: Seven demographic and lifestyle factors were found to be significantly and independently associated with NLR: age, sex, race, marital status, physical activity, smoking history and alcohol use. Females, under 60s and non-Hispanic blacks demonstrated significantly lower NLR than males, over 60s and non-Hispanic whites. Participation in vigorous activity for at least ten minutes at a time was associated with decreased NLR, as was never-smoker status. Moderate drinking was also associated with a decreased NLR as compared to complete abstinence from alcohol. Conclusions: Multiple demographic and lifestyle factors are independently associated with elevated NLR. For an accurate assessment of the prognostic power of the NLR in the clinical setting, these factors should be routinely adjusted for in studies of the association between NLR and cancer outcomes. The present study reiterates that physical activity may have the potential to improve clinical outcomes by way of reducing systemic inflammation. Citation Format: Rachel Howard, Aaron Scheiner, Kathleen M. Egan. Socio-demographic and lifestyle factors associated with the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio: A systematic evaluation of the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3299.


THE MOST QUOTED educator in the United States today is James Bryant Conant. His pronouncements on the state of secondary education are accepted with almost abject obeisance not only by vast numbers of laymen but by the great majority of teachers and school administrators. The appearance of his new report on the junior high schools is sure to receive much the same kind of acclaim as his The American High School Today, which, less than two years ago, made the best-seller lists—an almost unheard of accomplishment by a book on public education.


with the involvement of specialists in criminal proceedings for crimes against the banking system are insufficiently disclosed. Therefore, the aim of the article is to reveal the features of the investigation of crimes against the banking system using criminalistics and special knowledge. In order to effectively disclose and investigate such crimes, the investigator needs to use special knowledge both in the form of attracting specialists to conduct various investigative (search) actions, and to attract forensic experts to carry out various expert studies. Depending on the type of crime committed, the investigator determines which specialists he needs and in what areas their help can be used. Forms of assistance provided by specialists in the investigation of crimes against the banking system are proposed. The stability of the banking system is the basis of the state economy. Therefore, the commission of crimes against the banking system adversely affects the socio-economic situation of the whole country as well as of individual citizens and actualizes the study of the problem of combating such crimes. Thus, the type of criminal offense against the banking system determines the organization of its investigation and the use of forensic and special knowledge. Significant assistance is provided by forensic experts and specialists who are invited throughout the process of detecting and investigating such crimes. Their help is valuable during the inspection of the scene and seizure of bank documents, during the interrogation of officials of banking institutions, witnesses, etc., as well as during searches and other investigative (search) actions. Skillful use of the help of specialists of different specialties allows the investigator to effectively and in a short time to investigate crimes against the banking system.


principal events of modern Korean politics and the men who made them. Here the reader will find described against the background of Yi dynasty socio-political characteristics: the Tonghak rebellion of 1894-95; t n e political impact of the first Sino-Japanese War, the failure of the Independence Club, and the collapse of Korea under Russian-oriented ministers before 1905; the antecedents and consequences of the March First movement of 1919; the Korean Provisional Government and the nationalist movement in exile with an especially clear explanation of complex relationships in China from 1919 to 1945; and the domestic Korean responses to Japanese military, cultural, and assimilative policies prior to 1945. Here also one will find information both to satisfy and to stimulate curiosity about modern Korea's political leaders: An Ch'ang-ho, Chon Pong-jun, Kim Ku, Kim Kyu-sik, Kim Tu-bong, Kim Won-bong, So Chae-p'il, Yi Kwang-su, Yi Sung-man, Yi Tong-hwi, Yo Un-hyong, and others.


ABSTRACT As hiring processes have increasingly moved online, having better digital skills could play an important role in successful job seeking. However, digital inequality suggests that people use the Internet in different ways with varying levels of skills raising questions about who is most likely to be able to search for jobs online, including on social media. This paper examines online job searching, including the role of digital job-search skills in the process. Results show that sociodemographic characteristics (i.e., age, race, education, and income) as well as online experiences, being a social media user, and having higher digital job-search skills relate to online job-seeking behaviors. These findings highlight the presence of digital inequalities in online job searching including differences by social media experiences.


Here we report a novel nanocomposite composed from Mg-doped NiO and Mg-doped\MWCNT using a facile sol-gel method. The synthesized Mg-doped NiO and Mg-doped\MWCNT nanocomposite was characterization by XRD diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV–Vis spectrophotometer. The X-Ray analysis revealed that the formation of nanocomposites, which has a cubic phase and a high crystalline nature. The FE-SEM images confirmed the success of decoration the 6%Mg- doped NiO on the surface of the treated MWCNT through the emergence of spherical shapes over the cylindrical tubes. Conversely, optical measurements reveal that the energy gap value for the Mg-NiO and the Mg/NiO-MWCNT nanocomposite are 3.28 and 2.82 eV, respectively. This indicates decreasing the zone between conduction band and valance band. Moreover, it found that Mg doped NiO\MWCNT nanocomposite showed high removal efficiency towards the lead element compared with the Mg-doped NiO. Also, MTT test was employed to study antitumor activity against MCF-7 and WRL68 cells. Our results showed that the Mg doped NiO-MWCNT had cell viability of 66.7 and 71.9% against MCF-7 and WRL68, respectively. Whereas, Mg-doped NiO sample showed cell viability of 70.2 and 71.9% against MCF-7 and WRL68, respectively.


Foot drop due to fibular (peroneal) neuropathy at the knee may be caused by direct trauma, external compression, or structural (intrinsic or extrinsic) mass lesions. We present here an unusual presentation of intraneural ganglion cyst. A 64-year-old female presented to our clinic for evaluation. She had no significant past medical history, and was able to run 10 km until the time of clinical presentation. The first symptom was a burning and stabbing discomfort in the upper lateral left calf region. She also noted a mild and intermittent foot drop, which was aggravated by walking or jogging. Nerve conduction studies done 6 months later showed partial and non-localized motor and sensory axonal loss in the common fibular nerve territory. Foot drop improved spontaneously with avoidance of strenuous activity. She presented for reassessment in 18 months after initial onset, reporting that her foot drop had markedly worsened. There was Medical Research Council grade 1/5 weakness of left ankle dorsiflexion and eversion, with sparing of ankle inversion and plantar flexion. There was mild hypoesthesia and allodynia along the left lateral calf and dorsum of the foot. Nerve conduction studies were repeated, showing more severe axonal loss in the deep (motor) and superficial (sensory) branches of the fibular nerve, without conduction slowing across the fibular head. An axonal process in the region of the fibular head was, however, suggested by needle electromyogram findings of active denervation in the tibialis anterior, with sparing of the biceps femoris (short head), tibialis posterior and gastrocnemius muscles. MRI of the left knee showed a multiloculated and elongated cystic structure along the course of the common fibular nerve at level of the lateral knee margin (Figure 1). This complex structure, with a maximal diameter of 1.2 cm, extended inferiorly over a distance of 4.5 cm and communicated with an additional cluster of cysts within the tibialis anterior muscle. The multiloculated structure was diffusely hypointense on T1 and hyperintense on the fluid sensitive, fat-suppressed proton density (PD) sequences—a signal pattern consistent with fluid/cystic composition. The patient was referred for surgical exploration. During surgery, the common fibular nerve was carefully dissected and its articular branch was traced to the level of the joint capsule. The articular nerve branch was severed at the level of the joint, followed by decompression of a cluster of ganglion cysts within the common fibular nerve. Incisions were made over several additional cystic loculations, releasing clear viscous fluid. Histological examination revealed small nerve fascicles surrounded by eosinophilic material without an epithelial lining capsule most in keeping with perifascicular encasement by synovial fluid, and a diagnosis of intraneural ganglion cyst (Figure 2). One year after surgery, the patient had improved to grade 3/5 dorsiflexion paresis, and she reported no pain or sensory loss. She was able to ambulate without a brace and was now able to engage in a slow jog. Repeat MRI studies confirmed complete resection/ resorption of the ganglion cysts.


Problems which may be anticipated with future gas turbine combustors are shown to be associated, predominantly, with the introduction of new fuels and pollution controls. The formation of NOx (ther...


Clear cell hidradenoma (HA) is a rare tumor of sweat glands. Although this tumor is benign, local recurrence often occurs when the resection margin is insufficiently obtained. The common imaging finding of HA is a mixed solid and cystic mass with or without increased vascularity in the solid portion. Malignant transformation of the tumor is also recognized. Hidradenocarcinoma (HAC), which is a malignant counterpart of benign HA, can develop de novo or arise from benign HA. However, imaging findings of HAC are not well established because these tumors are rare and they are commonly excised without imaging study. We present two cases of benign HA and HAC arising from benign HA with characteristic ultrasonography and computed tomography imaging features.


The fragmentation of isolated water molecules on collision with 450-keV Ar{sup 9+} has been studied using time-of-flight mass spectrometry employing multihit detection. The kinetic energy release spectrum for the dissociation of [H{sub 2}O]{sup 2+ White-Star} into (H{sup White-Star },H{sup +},O{sup +}) fragments has been measured where H{sup White-Star} is a neutral Rydberg hydrogen atom. Ab initio calculations are carried out for the lowest states of [H{sub 2}O]{sup q+} with q=2 and 3 to help interpret the kinetic energy release spectra.


Formation of the beta-pleated protein aggregates – amyloid fibrils – involve into a group of amyloid‐associated disorders as well as into physiological processes. Moreover, specific proteins found in food sources, particularly beta-lactoglobulin (BLG), are able to aggregate into fibrils under heat treatment. The development of agents that would effectively control aggregation is an active area of research to prevent fibril formation. Phthalocyanine complexes were selected for this aim as they are known as compounds with high anti-prionic and antiamyloidogenic activity.


One of the Internet traffic features that can be easily collected by passive pervasive monitoring is the size of the exchanged messages, or the total bandwidth used by a conversation. Several works have showed that careful analysis of this data can break users' expected privacy, even for encrypted traffic. Despite this, little has been done in practice to hide message sizes, perhaps because deemed too inefficient or not a realistic


This study proposes an improved rotor structure that can increase the flux per pole of a permanent magnet synchronous motor. The air-gap flux density of the improved rotor-type motor is calculated using an equivalent magnetic circuit and compared with the calculation result that is obtained using finite element analysis (FEA). In addition, the no-load fundamental air-gap flux density of the surface-mounted permanent magnet motor, interior permanent magnet motor, spoke-type motor, and improved rotor-type motor are compared using FEA. Changes in the no-load fundamental air-gap flux density according to changes in the rotor diameter and permanent magnet usage are examined for each rotor type. A comparison of the fundamental air-gap flux densities of the five rotor types, including the improved rotor-type conducted using FEA demonstrated that the air-gap flux density of the improved rotor-type was highest. A comparison of the no-load phase back EMF of the five types was conducted after designing them in the four-pole six-slot structure. Each rotor type is applied to 80 W-grade fan motors, and the torque ripple and iron loss are compared. A prototype of the improved rotor-type motor is developed, and the no-load phase back EMF and load test result are verified through experiments.


Ambient levels of peroxyacetyl nitrate [PAN, CH3C(O)OONO2] and peroxypropionyl nitrate [PPN, CH3CH2C(O)OONO2] have been measured during the 2-week period Aug 28−Sept 13, 1993, at four locations in the urban Los Angeles area. Highest concentrations recorded were 9.9 ppb for PAN and 1.5 ppb for PPN. Diurnal and spatial variations were consistent with photochemical production during eastward (inland) transport. Results for PAN are compared to those obtained in previous studies of ambient PAN in the urban Los Angeles area. Results for PPN, measured for the first time in the urban Los Angeles area, are compared to those recently obtained at southern California mountain sites and other locations. Ambient levels of PPN were correlated with those of PAN, with least squares linear regressions slopes (PPN vs PAN) of 0.153 ± 0.030 (Long Beach), 0.136 ± 0.026 (Los Angeles), 0.166 ± 0.018 (Azusa), and 0.097 ± 0.014 (Claremont). These ratios are compared to those measured previously at other locations and are briefly d...


In this paper, the conditions of air-cooled heat pump operation indoors in winter are analyzed. The corresponding performance of air-cooled heat pump operation is gained. The ventilation condition for stable operation of air-cooled heat pump indoors in winter is found. At the same time, the experimental results are approved by the actual operation effect.


This paper analyzed the architecture of a Element Management System(EMS) of EPON which is based on Flash,PHP and Java.In Browser/Server(B/S) structure,the client can immediately access data through the browser.The system implemented by MVC design pattern has independent sections and good portability.Compared with Java,Flash development has fascinating characteristics,e.g.friendly interface,fast develop/execute speed and flexible interface about network communication.Therefore,the main features of this EMS such as interface and database access were designed by Flash.


In this paper, we explored how well prepared pre-service teacher candidates are to develop moral literacy. With the mandate in Ontario schools to deliver character education, we were intrigued by the question: How well prepared are teacher candidates to deliver on this requirement based on preservice preparation and the realities of classroom practice in public education? The issue of teacher preparation has been raised as a concern in moral and character education literature (Berkowitz & Bier, 2004; Nucci, Drill, Larson, & Browne, 2005). Based on this inquiry we have concluded that pre-service teachers are not well prepared to fulfill the moral literacy requirement of character education because they lack theoretical background knowledge in moral development. Further, we recognize that the in-service training of practicing teachers is of equal importance to ensure a receptive environment exists for pre-service teachers. The implication of this finding is that for preservice teachers to be equipped to meet Ministry character education expectations in practice, preservice programs will need to be improved, and practicing teachers will require ongoing professional learning opportunities that value moral literacy development as complimentary and equal to academic development.


Windbelt has been developed to be an alternative for wind turbines to utilize wind energy, meanwhile, fast-moving vehicles in highways creates wind forces that has potential to be a source of wind energy. This study presents a windbelt prototype and evaluates the output and performance of 1, 5 and 10 connected windbelts when placed on the highway. The results reveal that for every increase in windspeed there is 0.155v and 0.485v increase in output voltage response for 5 and 10 connected windbelt respectively, indicating that the 10 connected windbelt have the highest output voltage response. This indicates that the higher the number of connected windbelts result to larger output voltage.


In a recent visit that I made with the faculty of the School of Business and Management at Morgan State University, the Dean of the School began her orientation lecture with the observation that "Morgan can never rise higher than its faculty." The expression carried considerable meaning not only for Morgan but for all higher education institutions, particularly the historically Black colleges. Today, the Black colleges are being faced with grave issues that challenge their very existence. One of the major challenges facing Black colleges and universities during the decade of the 1980s and beyond is how to build and maintain strong predominantly Black faculties. A strong faculty is the key to the strength of any institution of higher education. And, for the historically Black colleges, or even the new colleges serving large numbers of low-income Black students, the character of the faculty must match the character of the student body if maximum effect is to be realized. The same is true, of course, for other institutions with a distinct cultural heritage.


. In this paper, we obtain many traveling wave solutions for some nonlinear partial differential equations. The modified tanh-coth method with the symbolic computation is implemented for constructing multiple traveling wave solutions for the two dimensional coupled Burger's, ZK-MEW and one dimensional Ostrovsky equations. The results reveal that the implemented technique is very effective and convenient for solving nonlinear partial differential equations arising in mathematical physics.


Information technology in the health sector is very important, one of which is in health clinics that can support data and information services that are more efficient, accurate and safe. Clinics are providers of basic and specialist medical services in the treatment of early-stage diseases. Based on previous research surveys, an outpatient clinic information system has been built using the Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 programming language which has the disadvantage of only supporting the Windows operating system and is vulnerable to viruses and there is no diagnostic coding feature on the system. Efforts to overcome these shortcomings are by building a Web-Based Outpatient Clinic Information System. The type of research used is descriptive research with observation data collection methods and literature study using a cross-sectional approach, and secondary data sources. The research variables consisted of outpatient procedure flow, patient data, doctor data, polyclinic data, examination data, action data, diagnostic data, drug data, registration data, officer data, and outpatient information systems. The system development method used is the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC). The Web-Based Outpatient Clinic Information System is obtained from the patient data input process, doctor data input, polyclinic data input, action data input, diagnosis data input, drug data input, examination data input, registration data input, officer data input then processed by the registration process and the examination process to produce output in the form of patient data reports, doctor data reports, polyclinic data reports, officer data reports, diagnostic data reports, action data reports, drug data reports, registration data reports and examination data reports. The system is built using the PHP programming language with a MySQL database. The application of a web-based outpatient information system can simplify and speed up data processing and services to patients and the system is easy to develop.


J.B. Harley's pioneering work in the critical study of cartography, "Silences and Secrecy: The Hidden Agenda of Cartography in Early Modern Europe," now seems a bit dated, especially in its attacks on what was then a much more teleological history of cartography, and like most of Harley's work it focuses solely on the Western European experience. 1 Nevertheless, Harley makes a number of thought-provoking points, and here I want to reconsider his arguments and extend them to the context of early modern Japanese mapmaking. Pace Harley, the present article will discuss how scholarship published within the last five years, mostly in Japanese, shows that what is left unsaid in maps—who controls what appears on the map and what does not, and when and why such control is exercised—can tell us as much about power relations in early modern Japan as what is actually "there" on the printed page.


Photoplethysmography (PPG) is an optical technique to study light absorption variations by blood pulsation. We have developed a flexible thin-film photodiode array combined with flexible LED light sources, both integrated into a wearable form factor, to measure PPG signals at various wavelengths and at any location on the human body in reflection. The array contains 256 photodiodes over an area of approximately 4 cm2, which can be read out at high frequencies up to 5.4 kHz. The large number of photodiodes operated at high speeds enables spatiotemporal PPG information with a high signal quality. Furthermore, applying independent component analysis to the data array allows for signal quality mapping and enhancement of the PPG signals over the full array. These wearable sensor arrays allow for new types of cardiovascular health related analysis, such as local biomarker mapping and in-situ probing of blood pulsation at different depths underneath the skin.


Objective:To investigate the changes in blood coagulation of patients undergoing prostate electrotomy.Method:To select 50 patients undergoing prostate electrotomy,ASAⅡ~Ⅲ level,who was divided Randomly into two groups and namely the control group(A) and observation group(B),each of 25 cases.To investigate preoperative activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),plasma prothrombin time(PT),platelet aggregation(PAgt) and hematocrit(HCT).Results:Postoperative APTT of the two groups had no significant difference,but The APTT point in time of the group B in Postoperative T3(Postoperative 1 d),T4(Postoperative 3 d) longer than that of group A(P0.05).PAgt in Group A gradually increased after surgery while gradually reduced in group B after surgery,and the differences were statistically significant(P0.01) between each time point postoperative in group B and that of group A.The difference between two groups of patients with PT was not significant.There was statistically significant difference when comparing HCT T3 point in time of group B with that of Group A with(P0.05).Conclusion:Patients undergoing prostate surgery can effectively reduce the Body stress response to prevent blood coagulation after surgery,hyperthyroidism and deep vein thrombosis DVT formation by performing PCEA with 0.125% bupivacaine and fentany 0.000 2%.


Background Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have an increased risk of developing lung cancer. Some studies have also suggested that diabetes mellitus (DM) may increase the risk of developing lung cancer. This study aimed to investigate whether type 2 DM (T2DM) is associated with an increased risk of lung cancer in patients with COPD. Materials and methods We conducted a retrospective analysis on two cohorts: the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC) of Korea and the Common Data Model (CDM) database of a university hospital. Among patients newly diagnosed with COPD in each cohort, those with a lung cancer diagnosis were included, and a control group was selected through propensity score matching. We used the Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard models to compare lung cancer incidence between patients with COPD and T2DM and those without T2DM. Results In the NHIS-NSC and CDM cohorts, we enrolled 3,474 and 858 patients with COPD, respectively. In both cohorts, T2DM was associated with an increased risk of lung cancer [NHIS-NSC: adjusted hazard ratio (aHR), 1.20; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02–1.41; and CDM: aHR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.02–2.07). Furthermore, in the NHIS-NSC, among patients with COPD and T2DM, the risk of lung cancer was higher in current smokers than in never-smokers (aHR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.09–1.91); in smokers with ≥30 pack-years than in never-smokers (aHR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.49–2.25); and in rural residents than in metropolitan residents (aHR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.06–1.68). Conclusion Our findings suggest that patients with COPD and T2DM may have an increased risk of developing lung cancer compared to those without T2DM.


This paper introduces the characteristics of diaphragm wall, construction technology of diaphragm wall as wharf quay wall structure, as well as the prospect of popularization.