ABSTRACT Background: Drug transporters have been increasingly recognized as important determinants of variable drug disposition and response. For the pharmaceutical industry it is of importance to develop in vitro models, which could predict possible transporter-associated genetic variability and drug-drug interactions of a new compound. The purpose of this study was to compare uptake kinetics of estradiol-17β-D-glucuronide, atorvastatin and pravastatin in three in vitro models expressing the membrane drug transporter OATP1B1.Background: Drug transporters have been increasingly recognized as important determinants of variable drug disposition and response. For the pharmaceutical industry it is of importance to develop in vitro models, which could predict possible transporter-associated genetic variability and drug-drug interactions of a new compound. The purpose of this study was to compare uptake kinetics of estradiol-17β-D-glucuronide, atorvastatin and pravastatin in three in vitro models expressing the membrane drug transporter OATP1B1. Methods: Two in vitro models overexpressing OATP1B1 were applied in this study; HEK293 cells transfected with the gene encoding OATP1B1 and Xenopus laevis oocytes injected with OATP1B1 cDNA. HEK293 cells transfected with the empty vector pT-REX and water injected oocytes were used as control systems. HepaRG cells, the third model applied in this study, express naturally occurring levels of OATP1B1 and other transporters, and studies at 4°C were used as control. Uptake studies were performed with three known substrates for OATP1B1; estradiol-17β-D-glucuronide, atorvastatin and pravastatin. Timeand concentration dependent uptake was studied. Km values were estimated by non-linear regression analysis of the active uptake calculated in concentration dependence studies. The active uptake was calculated as the difference between intrasystemic accumulation of test substance in the model system and in the respective control system. Results: Estradiol-17β-D-glucuronide exhibited active uptake in all timeand concentration dependence uptake studies performed on the three models. The active transport of estradiol17β-D-glucuronide was saturated in the concentration dependence studies, with estimated Km values of 5.6 ± 0.3 μM, 5.9 ± 3.8 μM and 22.3 ± 7.1 μM in HEK293 cells, oocytes and HepaRG cells, respectively. Atorvastatin showed active uptake in all time dependence uptake studies. In the concentration dependence uptake studies, atorvastatin exhibited no active uptake in HEK293 cells and oocytes, while in the HepaRG cells, a non-saturated active uptake was demonstrated. In the time dependence uptake studies with pravastatin, an active uptake was shown in HEK293 and HepaRG cells, while a limited active uptake was demonstrated in the oocytes. On the contrary, concentration dependence uptake studies showed no active uptake of pravastatin in HEK293 and HepaRG cells, but a saturated active uptake in oocytes with estimated Km value of 54.8 ± 31.4 μM. Discussion and conclusion: Estradiol-17β-D-glucuronide was the only substrate showing consistent timeand concentration dependent results in all tested models. Results from the studies with atorvastatin and pravastatin were inconsistent between the models. Furthermore, concentration dependence and saturation of uptake was difficult to obtain even if a time dependent uptake was recorded. The inconsistent results with atorvastatin and pravastatin could be due to the higher lipophilicity and greater extent of passive diffusion compared to


In the present work, an investigation on MHD flow of viscoelastic fluid of Rivlin-Ericksen type across a semi-infinite plate in the presence of heat source/sink under free convection is conducted. The plate is moving with constant velocity subjected to periodic suction along with slip conditions. Further, the free stream velocity is taken of oscillatory in nature. The transport equations governing the flow are solved using perturbation analysis. The solutions obtained for the required fields viz. velocity, temperature, and concentration which characterizes the flow are discussed graphically for varying situational parameters appeared in the flow. The presence of heat source/sink in the vicinity of considered fluid has significant effect on the velocity near the plate. Further, the drag at the plate, Nusselt and Sherwood number, are evaluated for varying situational parameters which are compiled in the tabular format.


SUMMARY Thirty-seven strains of Pseudomonas avellanae from northern Greece, northern Italy and two different areas of central Italy were assessed for some morphological and physiological properties. Whole-cell protein profile analysis was performed by means of UPGMA. The occurrence and induction of transparent colonies of P. avellanae sometimes observed on nutrient sucrose agar (NSA) isolation plates, is described. P. avellanae strains showed variability in morphological characteristics, gelatin liquefaction and maximum temperature of growth. Cluster analysis of whole-cell protein profiles indicated that strains from northern Italy differ from those from northern Greece and central Italy and that strains from the provinces of Viterbo and Rome clustered in the same group. All strains were negative in icenucleation activity and accumulation of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate, and positive in production acid from sucrose. All strains were copper-sensitive. The production of fluorescent pigments on media was influenced by subculture on NSA, and strains from Italy lost this feature after a number of transfers. The existence of populations of the pathogen seems possible. Transparent colonies of P. avellanae were also frequently obtained by incubation for three days at supraoptimal growth temperature, by adding 7% sucrose to the nutrient agar and by subculturing 30 day-old colonies on NSA. Such P. avellanae colony variants were encapsulated and did not induce hypersensitivity in tobacco leaves.


The aim of the article is to analyze and assess the diversity of the volume of funds used under the Rural Development Program (RDP) divided into two periods, 2007–2013 and 2014–2020 in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship. A research question was posed as to how these measures influenced rural development and the activation of rural residents. The research was carried out on the basis of statistical data analysis methods as well as comparative analyzes. The data from the Local Data Bank of the Central Statistical Office, the voivodeship labour office, the West Pomeranian Voivodeship and the Agency for Restructuring and Modernization of Agriculture were used for the research. On the basis of the analysis of the use of EU funds under the RDP, it can be pointed out that they were transferred to the objectives serving rural development and certainly contributed to the development of the Polish countryside, reducing its level of backwardness, poverty and unemployment rate.


Pitch memory for one and for two successive tones was examined in two experiments which employed a method of adjustment procedure (Expt. I) and a recognition (four‐alternative‐forced choice) task (Expt. II). Frequency ratio of the two‐tone targets was either simple (a musical third or fifth) or complex. Time between target and comparison tone(s) was either silent or filled with two intervening tones. The memory difference limen (DL) for each of two tones is about 1.5 to 2.0 times larger than the DL for one tone. The DL for pairs of tones with complex frequency ratios is, under some circumstances, larger than for pairs of tones with simple ratios. For "good pitch discriminators," the task must become more difficult before ratio complexity affects performance than is true for "poor pitch discriminators." At least two skill components, frequency analyzing power and memory, are present in these tasks, and consistent individual differences occur for both.


An attempt is made to demonstrate the relevance of a diagnostic method described in a preceding paper by comparing observations in 95 children aged 7-8 with independent findings in their mothers. The mothers had been chosen at random and exhaustively studied by another team at the time of the pregnancies which resulted in the birth of the children of our study.


Fatigue crack growth at room temperature and its relation to the local microstructure is studied for four different γ-TiAl-alloys with microstructures ranging from coarse and fully lamellar to fine and partly lamellar. It is shown that the number of cycles to failure depends strongly on the efficiency of the first barrier to crack extension, as crack growth rates may increase rapidly once this barrier has been breached by a specific crack. The crack extension behaviour for two typical barriers (colony boundary and twin boundary) is studied using high-resolution optical and scanning electron microscopy.


Submitted for the DPP11 Meeting of The American Physical Society Symmetry tuning from analyzing the shape of x-ray self emission of Megajoule implosions at NIF G. KYRALA, J. KLINE, Los Alamos National Laboratory, S. GLENN, D. BRADLEY, R. BENEDETTI, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, N. IZUMI, Lawrence Livermore National Labl, T. MAH, S. DIXIT, S. GLENZER, N. MEEZAN, S. WEBER, L. SUTER, R. TOWN, D. CALLAHAN, J. RALPH, T. DOPPNER, O. LANDEN, Lawrence Livermore National Lab — X-ray self-emission from imploding capsules driven by hohlraum radiation has been used to tune the symmetry of symcaps in the past. However as capsules have changed, new features have appeared in the x-ray images that have led us to re-examine the analysis and helped us tune the symmetry of different imploding cryogenically layered capsules as well. We had observed jets in the implosion and we tried identifying those jets, and avoid their effect on the observed time dependent symmetry. Since, we have tried to quantify the effect of these jets on the measured symmetry, x-ray history, and x-ray emission bang time. In this presentation we will show the effect of including the emission form the jets, show a correlation between the observations from different directions, give an estimate of the velocity of these features, as well as give a time history of their emission and size. We will also show how the time history have changed for the different laser conditions for the cryogenically layered targets, the implosion size was smaller than that for symcaps, and consequently the compression was larger. George Kyrala Los Alamos National Laboratory Date submitted: 11 Jul 2011 Electronic form version 1.4


Syncytiotrophoblast (STB) stress is theorized to drive the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE), and Gq-activating hormones implicated in PE have been associated with placenta oxidative damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and maternal symptomology. As the causes and consequences of STB stress remain largely unknown, we used an in vivo model to determine whether excess STB-specific Gq signaling is sufficient to cause phenotypes of PE and if a mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant (mitoquinone) mitigates these effects. Activation of Gq signaling in STB cells was achieved by crossing dams harboring a cre-dependent Gq-coupled DREADD (hM3Dq) with
 Gcm1
 -Cre
 +/-
 sires and injecting clozapine N-oxide (CNO) or saline mid-gestation (GD12.5-14.5) before tissue collection at GD14.5. Gq activation resulted in maternal proteinuria (n=9-11 CNO 43±4 vs saline 28±3mg/day; p=0.01), mild segmental congestion of glomerular capillaries, and elevated circulating IP-10 (p=0.03), MCP-5 (p=0.04), and IL-12p40 (p=0.01). hM3Dq stimulation reduced labyrinth vascularization (n=10 Cre
 +
 19±1%, Cre
 -
 24±1%, saline 23±1%; p<0.01 Cre
 +
 vs each), spiral artery diameter (n=7-11 Cre
 +
 110±11μm, Cre
 -
 135±9, saline 149±12 μm; p=0.03), placenta mass (n=10-13 Cre
 +
 0.12±0.01, Cre
 -
 0.14±0.01, saline 0.13±0.01g; p<0.01), and fetal mass (n=10-13 Cre
 +
 0.23±0.03, Cre
 -
 0.30±0.02, saline 0.29±0.02g; p<0.01). Preliminary data suggest a placental oxidative defense response to Gq induction based on increased protein levels of SOD2 and catalase, and decreased malondyaldehyde. Mitoquinone (5mg/kg) corrected maternal proteinuria (n=8 22±4mg/day, p<0.01), decreased circulating IL-12p40 (p=0.03), and protected both labyrinth vascularization (n=8 23±1%, p=0.05) and spiral artery diameter (n=8 164±18μm, p=0.02). These data indicate that elevated Gq signaling in the STB layer is sufficient to cause pathological features of PE, via a mechanism involving mitochondrial stress.


Summary Eight samples of sediment from excavations at Buiston Crannog, Ayrshire during 1989 were submitted for examination for the eggs of parasitic nematodes. They were almost barren of such remains.


The present invention relates to a refrigerator, and more particularly to minimize the wall thickness of the ice making chamber provided in the refrigerating chamber, and to a minimize the ice making chamber outer wall, prevent freezing phenomenon that occurs due to the temperature difference between the ice-making chamber and the refrigerating chamber relates to a refrigerator the ice making chamber anti-icing device, in the refrigerator the ice making chamber is formed inside the cold room, the heat insulating wall thickness for partitioning the ice-making chamber and the refrigerating chamber, and; The quality of the efficiency and the product of the space utilization of the high internal volume increase of the internal cold jalsil because of this, not only can talk to the compaction of the ice making chamber being composed of; blowing fan for blowing cycle to force the cold air of the refrigerating compartment toward the heat insulating wall there is an effect that can talk an improvement. A blowing fan, the guide duct and the ice making chamber, thermally conductive plate, a discharge port, the refrigerating chamber, a centrifugal fan


This chapter traces the unique role Hesiodic poetry has played in the history of thought throughout the twentieth century, with a focus on two main areas: Freudian constructs and structuralism. The chapter demonstrates how Freud's Civilization and Its Discontents in the first half of the century parallels key narrative themes from Hesiodic poetry. Freud, however, did not often invoke Hesiod directly in this work, and such lack of conscious reference may be the strongest indication of the influence Hesiodic narrative exerted as a dominant psychological and cultural paradigm in the early twentieth century. Concerning the development of structuralism in the second half of the twentieth century, the chapter discusses how classical scholars, such as Vernant, Detienne, and Pucci, have caused Hesiod to play a key role in broader debates on the relationship among history, structure, and political power in postwar France. Ultimately, the chapter demonstrates how Hesiodic poetry has been and continues to remain a rich source for theorizing the present.


A complete understanding of actinide interactions in the geosphere is paramount for developing a rational Nuclear and Environmental Materials Management Policy. One of the key challenges towards understanding the fate and transport of actinides is determining their speciation (i.e., oxidation state and structure). Since an element's speciation directly dictates physical properties such as toxicity and solubility, this information is critical for evaluating and controlling the evolution of an actinide element through the environment. Specific areas within nuclear and environmental management programs where speciation is important are (1) waste processing and separations; (2) wasteform materials for long-term disposition; and (3) aqueous geochemistry. The goal of this project was to develop Actinide X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy ( U S ) as a core capability at LLNL and integrate it with existing facilities, providing a multi-technique approach to actinide speciation. XAS is an element-specific structural probe which determines the oxidation state and structure for most atoms. XAS can be more incisive than other spectroscopies because it originates from an atomic process and the information is always attainable, regardless of an element's speciation. Despite the utility, XAS is relatively complex due to the need for synchrotron radiation and significant expertise with data acquisition and analysis.more » The coupling of these technical hurdles with the safe handling of actinides at a general user synchrotron facility such as the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRL) make such experiments even more difficult. As a result, XAS has been underutilized by programs that could benefit by its application. We achieved our project goals by implementing key state-of-the-art Actinide XAS instrumentation at SSRL (Ge detector and remote positioning equipment), and by determining the chemical speciation of actinides (Th, U, and Np) in aqueous solutions, wasteform cements, and with geologic materials. The results provide a rational scientific basis for ongoing DOE projects involving nuclear and environmental materials challenges. Future LLNL projects will utilize the Actinide XAS expertise to characterize actinides in important chemical systems, while continuing to improve the XAS capabilities to study metallic alloys, cryogenic sample conditions, and lower analyte concentrations.« less


This study sought to determine how retained first grade students function in a whole language classroom after meeting with failure in a traditional first grade setting. Data collection for the five retained students, plus six "at-risk" students, involved naturalistic observation. Reading began.from language experience stories that the students dictated to the teacher. Writing stories began by drawing a picture, writing a story about it, reading the story oneself, and then reading the story to another. Students experienced success when they were reading from predictable books, but found reading from basal readers to be laborious. Traditional test scores revealed that all of the retained and "at-risk" students were on or above grade level at the end of the school year. The paper concludes that the success of the classroom is a reflection of the teacher's philosophical belief that all children can learn when the environment is conducive for learning and when the students are given the opportunity to take responsibility for their own liarning. The paper also concludes that when students can function in an environment that encourages risk taking and when the curriculum is adjusted to meet the needs and interests of the learner, success will follow. (JDD) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * *********************************************************************** AT RISK STUDENTS IN A WHOLE LANGUAGE CLASSROOM: A NATURALISTIC INQUIRY Barbara Tyler A whole language program builds on existing knowledge of the learner. It does not presume that all students come to school having the same background and experience. Newman (1985) states that whole language is a philosophical stance. It is not a method or an approach that can be pac' -qed or purchased. It is the belief that many teachers and researchers hold about child development, philosophy, and curriculum Goodman (1986) suggests that literacy is an extension of the natural whole language learning where the program strives to create an environment with sociai transactions being encouraged and the reading and writing developing from the need of the individual learner. Harste, Woodward, and Burke (1984) further support the social transactions of the learner to be an important aspect of kteracy development. Students need to be exposed to and involved in opportunities to use and manipulate various forms of language. With research identifying classroom situations that allow students opportunities to be involved with language, (Atwell, 1983, De Ford and Rasinski, 1986) the student processes of learning become important features of a whole language classroom. It is the processes of the students and how they reshape existing knowledge to U S DEPARTMENT Of EDUCATION 11/11. enS f &or PeSfalt 5, and Imprnyenrenr 01/CA DONAL RI SOURCES Ina ORMIATICM CF411 R of HIC1 In,. dor ..rne.ni nas toren reproduced AS let fr,vpd r,rn the person or orrjan.tal,on rrpnarroy .1 V .1.nor rftflQp,, hare twee made tn mprorte rePtr"or bon Quat.re Proms of rre* or rrp.9.0ns stared, truicior 9 "I no ^0, net "Sar.ty represent wfir.at 01 RI 0051InIn IV fold y 2 PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERICA BEST COPY AVAILABLE


*The coordinating editors thank Martha Gimenez who edited Population and Imperialism, part one of the present issue. Part one of the present issue is focused on the general theme of population and imperialism. The areas of population studies and population theory are among the most neglected within Marxist thought; because of that, the following articles can be considered, in a sense, pioneers in a field that needs urgent consideration by Marxist scholars. The article by Bonnie Mass deals with several important topics: (1) the relationship between imperialism and migration; (2) the relationship between imperialism and U.S. population control policies; and (3) the use of women as experimental subjects for testing contraceptive drugs and devices in social


The experiment result of applying the attempt method in teaching on the ice shows that the target group's teaching effect is better than the normal group's. The method can enough mobilize the students' go-aheadism to willingly learn and think for training their ability to research and resolve some problems. It has a good significance for roundly improving the students' diathesis ability in learning any skills on the ice.


We present a generalization of the Koenderink-van Doorn (KvD) algorithm that allows robust monocular localization with large motion between the camera frames for a wide range of optical systems including omnidirectional systems and standard perspective cameras. The KvD algorithm estimates simultaneously ego-motion parameters, i.e. rotation, translation, and object distances in an iterative way. However due to the linearization of the rotational component of optic flow, the original algorithm fails for larger rotations. We present a generalization of the algorithm to arbitrary rotations that is especially suited for omnidirectional cameras where features can be tracked for long sequences. This reduces the need for vector summation of several individual motion estimates that leads to accumulation of odometry errors. The significant improvement in the performance of the proposed generalized algorithm compared to the original KvD implementation is validated using simulated data. The algorithm is also tested in a real-world experiment with ground-truth data obtained from an external tracking system. The experiment was carried out using a novel compact omnidirectional camera that is designed for small aerial vehicles. It consists of an off-the-shelf webcam that is combined with a reflective surface machined into acrylic glass.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the overall survival (OS) of patients with advanced ALK‐positive nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were managed in the pre‐ALK inhibitor era and to compare their survival with that of a matched case cohort of ALK wild‐type (WT) patients.


Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia started in December 2019 and cases have been reported in 240 countries/regions with more than 570 million confirmed cases and more than 6 million deaths which caused large casualties and huge economic losses. To enhance the understanding of the levels of COVID-19 transmission and infection, and the effects of treatments and interventions, high-quality spatio-temporal COVID-19 datasets and accurate multivariate time-series forecasting models for COVID-19 case prediction play crucial roles. In this paper, we present the COVID-19 spatio-temporal graph (COV19-STG) datasets, i.e., spatio-temporal United States COVID-19 graph datasets on the county-level. By using these datasets, we propose Higher-order Spatio-temporal Neural Networks (HOST-NETs) to further improve the accuracy of predicting COVID-19 trends. Specifically, we incorporate higher-order structure to build a simplicial complex representation learning module, and integrate it into a spatio-temporal neural network architecture, thus leveraging both global and local topological information. Experimental results show that our model consistently outperforms previous state-of-the-art models.


A magnesium alloy surface treatment method belongs to the technical field of surface treatment of magnesium alloy. Which process comprises a water washing process between degreasing, chemical oxidation, and post-treatment in each step; chemical oxidation liquid chemical oxidation step is employed containing permanganate, KMnO terms of concentration


In this paper we study the total solar irradiance (TSI) and the spectral solar irradiance (SSI) by applying the solar disk image decomposition algorithm (SDIDA) and solar irradiance synthesis algorithm (SISA) methods. These methods were applied to space-based observations in previous works, but in this work, they are applied to ground-based observations from various observatories, which allows for a long-term determination of TSI and SSI. We discuss the results of the SDIDA and SISA methods for the areas of solar features and the synthesized TSI and SSI. We find that SDIDA decompositions based on Ca ii K line images from various sources are all in good agreement between them and with previous space results when cross-calibration is performed, and consequently yield essentially the same TSI and SSI when SISA is applied. This paper shows the synthesized TSI and SSI, as well as the contributions from various feature types, during the recent solar cycles 23 and 24 and suggest further work can provide historical extended coverage using archival ground-based observations. The results demonstrate the presence of a significant variable bright network contribution during the cycle maximum, and of a reduced one at solar minimum, and that such a presence and variability affect both the SSI and TSI. We also find that all activity features are loosely correlated over solar cycle variations, but this correlation is nonlinear, and we show differences between cycles 23 and 24. Furthermore, we find that the SISA method can be successfully applied to determine the TSI and SSI for any particular state of the solar disk, and that the results depend not only on the total areas on the disk for each feature, but also on the relative distances from disk center of the active region features.


Objective To evaluate the clinical value of electronic colposcopy in early diagnosis of cervical carcinoma.Methods 249 patients who were examined with electronic colposcopy and cervical biopsy between March 2006 and October 2008 were retrospectively analyzed.Results Colposcopy detected 157 cases of normal transformation zone,and 92 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN)Ⅰ-Ⅲ.The pathological examination determined 170 cases of transformation zone,78 cases of CIN Ⅰ-Ⅲ,and 1 case of invasive carcinoma.Using the pathologic diagnosis as the golden standard,diagnosis of early cervical cancer with colposcopy had a sensitivity of 93.7%,a specificity of 89.4%,a false negative rate of 6.3%,and a positive predictive value of 80.4%.Conclusion Electronic colposcopy provides great value in diagnosis of CIN.It can serve as a screening method in cervical cancer diagnosis.


There some reasons why the nuclear weapons were not used in the Korean War (1950~1953). First, the nuclear strategy is not established in the situation of the limited war. Second, the atomic bomb was the weapon for strategic attack which aimed at industrial targets or traffic centers. There were not that kind of targets during the Korean War. In other words, Chinese Communist Forces whose attack exploits mountains was not the target of atomic bombing. In addition, after the atomic bomb dropping on Hiroshima, and Nagasaki, using the nuclear weapon again on Asia itself was banned. Third, if the expected effect does not appear despite using the atomic bomb, it was concerned that the control function might disappear. The problems about nuclear weapon's control function were already unveiled. Bernard Brodie, one of the American nuclear strategy creator, mentioned the hardship of control in the nuclear world: "Today's weird paradox is that, though the nuclear must operate its control function, the concern about the malfunctioning of it is inherent." The nuclear threat tried by Eisenhower and Dulles was elementary but throws lots of meaning. In retrospect, Eisenhower and Dulles conceive new strategy during the presidential race in 1952, criticizing Truman's strategy. It was that American must prepare for exploiting nuclear weapons by using dominant position on nuclear when necessary. Here, the claim that psychological barrier between nuclear weapons and others should be overcome was brought forward. Eisenhower did not entirely agree on Dulles' viewpoint regarding the nuclear during the election campaign but after inauguration accepted his opinion to finish the Korean War and when faced the problem to maintain the Armistice Agreement. Nuclear threat for extracting the Armistice Agreement by American will, and nuclear threat in case of being unsolved as planned were more evident. And it is continued after the Armistice Agreement. Like this, Eisenhower and Dulles thought nuclear threat was success. Based on this, the cold war strategy under Eisenhower regime downsized old weapons and relied on nuclear weapon control. The perspective that the nuclear threat strategy was successful in terms of deriving the Armistice Agreement of the Korean War is based on misunderstanding of Eisenhower and Dulles. However, the nuclear policy formed from such misunderstanding is developed into the policy that decided the victory by nuclear weapons in a series of crisis in 1950's Asia.


Viewing the development of aerospace at home and abroad, the intelligence, autonomy, and reusability of launch vehicle have become an important direction for the development of delivery technology. The health management technology of the launch vehicle is an important means to realize the above development direction, and data fusion plays an important role as a part of the health management technology. This paper analyzes the existing commonly used data fusion levels and fusion algorithms, fully considers the characteristics of rocket data, and proposes a data fusion strategy with three data fusion structures and five data fusion algorithms.


The invention relates to a hollow fiber membrane containing PMMA (Polymethyl Methacrylate) and a preparation method thereof. The hollow fiber membrane is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 25-40 percent of first polymers: polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), 0-5 percent of second polymers: polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), 36-50 percent of first diluents D1: diethylene glycol acetate and 17-24 percent of second diluents D2: butyl cellosolve. The PVDF hollow fiber ultra filter membrane prepared by the invention is a hollow fiber membrane with favorable chemical stability, pollution resistance and high strength and can provide membrane products with high performance for an MBR (Membrane Bioreactor) process.


The effect of the Fe2O3 dopant on the electronic densities and the electrical properties has been studied in a ZnO-Bi2O3-SnO2-Co2O3-MnO2-TiO2-Ni2O3-Fe2O3 system by the measurements of positron lifetime spectra, coincidence Doppler broadening spectra and current-voltage characteristics. The results show that the 3d electron signal in the spectrum of the varistor increases with the Fe2O3 content. The addition of small amount of Fe2O3 into the ZnO-based varistor leads to an increase in the donor concentration in the bulk and the defects in the varistor. As the Fe2O3 content increased, the threshold voltage (VT) and the nonlinear coefficient (α) of the varistor decreased monotonously.


Radical copolymerizations of electron-deficient 2-trifluoromethylacrylic (TFMA) monomers, such as 2-trifluoromethylacrylic acid and t-butyl 2-trifluoromethylacrylate (TBTFMA), with electron-rich norbornene derivatives and vinyl ethers with 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile as the initiator were investigated in detail through the analysis of the kinetics in situ with 1H NMR and through the determination of the monomer reactivity ratios. The norbornene derivatives used in this study included bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene (norbornene) and 5-(2-trifluoromethyl-1,1,1-trifluoro-2-hydroxylpropyl)-2-norbornene. The vinyl ether monomers were ethyl vinyl ether, t-butyl vinyl ether, and 3,4-dihydro-2-H-pyran. Vinylene carbonate was found to copolymerize with TBTFMA. Although none of the monomers underwent radical homopolymerization under normal conditions, they copolymerized readily, producing a copolymer containing 60–70 mol % TFMA. The copolymerization of the TFMA monomer with norbornenes and vinyl ethers deviated from the terminal model and could be described by the penultimate model. The copolymers of TFMA reported in this article were evaluated as chemical amplification resist polymers for the emerging field of 157-nm lithography. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 1478–1505, 2004


In this paper, we used a modified rescaled range analysis (MRS) to investigate the presence of long memory in three series of absolute yield spreads (AYS) of the Dow Jones Sukuk Indexes from March 1, 2011 to March 1, 2016. The estimated Hurst exponents for the three series are significant and smaller than one providing strong evidence that long range dependence exists in Sukuk's AYS and these can become stationary with fractional differencing. Based on these results, we fitted three ARFIMA models to Sukuk's AYS and found that they have better explanatory power compared to the first-order ARIMA models. Furthermore, our 260 steps-ahead dynamic forecasting results show that the ARFIMA models are better for predicting future yield spreads. Such findings suggest to account for long memory in investing decisions and projecting future yields and spreads. Our results should be useful to Sukuk market participants whose success depends on the ability to forecast Sukuk's yield spreads movements, and anticipate the prospective default risk.


This paper proposes a methodology to identify revenue-neutral directions for poverty-alleviating tax reforms. The search for such poverty-reducing tax reforms is done "robustly" over broad classes of poverty measures and poverty lines. The methodology, which is illustrated using data from Tunisia, is of significant policy interest given the widespread use of commodity subsidization and taxation in developing and developed countries alike. The results suggest that Tunisian poverty could be decreased robustly by following reform directions that are often at odds with frequently-heard views. They also highlight the importance of stating clearly under which set of ethical criteria the desirability of potential indirect tax reforms is assessed.


During the past 10 years, TxDOT initiated major efforts to update the data and information used in transportation and environmental planning in the state's urban areas. In response to some of the questions and concerns noted above, these efforts led TxDOT to fund a comprehensive analysis of five urban travel surveys completed during 1990-1991. This analysis resulted in significant revisions to the methodologies and instruments being used in comprehensive travel surveys. This paper documents the results of the preliminary analysis of the recommended revisions to the survey procedures and instruments and the integration of the state's environmental data needs into the revised travel surveys.


Rape myths persist among college students for a variety of reasons, and therefore rape remains a serious problem on college campuses. Past research has consistently shown that there is a relationship between traditional gender role attitudes and belief in rape myths. For example, Szymanski, Devlin, Chrisler, and Vyse (1993) found that men with traditional gender role attitudes believe in more rape myths. Studies suggest that traditional gender role attitudes have decreased as women have entered the work force , and that individuals who grow up in egalitarian households are less likely to hold traditional gender role attitudes. This study examines the extent to which growing up in an egalitarian family affects traditional gender role attitudes and the acceptance of rape myths. Gender differences in beliefs will also be examined. The data for this study was collected from 100 college students enroJled at a mid-sized private university using a self-administered questionnaire. This survey included the modified Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Inventory, the BEM sex role inventory, General Social Survey measures of gender role attitudes, as well as questions regarding family structure. It was found that students from egalitarian households were less likely to hold traditional gender role attitudes and were less accepting of rape myths. Furthermore, it was supported that gender role attitudes mediated the relationship between family context and the acceptance


This paper aims to conduct a study on the current state of research on the halal industry in Korea. With the inauguration of the Lee Myung Bak...


This paper introduces the universal design of switching network applied to RF automatic test system. A development platform that meets the quick design of switching network in different channel states is provided. Details of controlling circuits, programming interfaces, firmware, the instrument driver and the overall structures are also discussed in the paper. The platform advances in generality, flexible configuration and quick development.


Partially deuterated Ca3Al2(SiO4)y(OH)12 4y–Al(OH)3 mixtures, prepared by hydration of Ca3Al2O6 (C3A), Ca12Al14O33 (C12A7) and CaAl2O4 (CA) phases in the presence of silica fume, have been characterized by Si and Al magic-angle spinning–nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS–NMR) spectroscopies. NMR spectroscopy was used to characterize anhydrous and fully hydrated samples. In hydrated compounds, Ca3Al2(OH)12 and Al(OH)3 phases were detected. From the quantitative analysis of Al NMR signals, the Al(OH)3/Ca3Al2(OH)12 ratio was deduced. The incorporation of Si into the katoite structure, Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 x(OH)4x, was followed by Al and Si NMR spectroscopies. Si/OH ratios were determined from the quantitative analysis of Al MAS–NMR components associated with Al(OH)6 and Al(OSi)(OH)5 environments. The Si NMR spectroscopy was also used to quantify the unreacted silica and amorphous calcium aluminosilicate hydrates formed, C–S–H and C–A–S–H for short. From Si NMR spectra, the amount of Si incorporated into different phases was estimated. Si and Al concentrations, deduced by NMR, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, and Rietveld analysis of both X-ray and neutron data, indicate that only a part of available Si is incorporated in katoite structures. & 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.


The need for forecasting the direct and indirect e ects of land use and transport policies, on the society, environment and local economy, has led to the development of many di erent Integrated Land-Use and Transport Models (LUTI) around the globe. In this paper, the Land-Use Model UrbanSim is applied integrated with the agent-based tra c simulation model MATSim, on the suburban area Limmattal of Zurich, for the purposes of the Sustainable Urban Patterns (SUPat) project of NRP65. UrbanSim applies sequentially, agent (households or jobs) location/relocation choice and transition models, building development and real estate price models, and forecasts their distributions in di erent time and space dimensions. The agent-based nature of the integrated model, broadens the scope of the analysis. We are interested in taking full advantage of the strengths of agent based microsimulation in the context of policy evaluation. Currently, the evaluation of transport and land use policies (e.g. cordon charging, public transport investment, land use regulation) is based on economic indicators usually computed at an aggregate level (e.g. the Social Welfare). In this paper, a methodology based on the strength of microsimulation in three dimensions (space, time, and agents) is presented. By multiple runs of the simulation, we analyze the variance in the indicators in space and time. Moreover, we generate the distribution of these indicators by various types of agents. This methodology is applied to the base-case scenario (where the current trend is going on) of Limmattal region at the year 2030. Proposed policy scenarios are then simulated and the distribution of indicators are computed. The policies are then compared based on these distributions rather than the mean


In this paper we presentnew method that usedassociation rules mining techniques in the field of natural language processing. Word sense disambiguation is persistently a central and challenging problem as increasing usage of internet in daily life. Every user has some queries that have to be searched on the internet. Transactional Database is created after preprocessing the text files. Ambiguous words along with its context and Senses are stored in the SQL database to create transactional database. Apriori algorithm applied on this transactional database to mine the rules. Strong rules are generated using frequent itemsets. Sense of ambiguous word is deduced by using the strong association rules generated.


The Bundle Protocol (RFC 5050) requires the use of real time clocks to
handle bundle expiry. This sometimes has some drawbacks; this
specification explains some such situations, briefly considers generic
ways to ameliorate those, and defines some alternative approaches for
handling bundle expiry that do not require real time clocks.


With the further advance of our country's new curriculum reform, our elementary English education has achieved gratifying results. To meet the development needs, it appears more and more important to improve teachers' professional skills of normal college students in elementary English education, thus people put forward higher requirements in teachers' professional skills training. According to the present problems in teachers' professional skills training in normal colleges, this paper talks about how to improve teachers' professional skills training, using the standard of English new curriculum as guidance and updating the concept of modern education. The paper also points out the normal colleges should innovate teaching contents, optimize course settings, combine inside classroom practice with outside practice, specify skills assessment standards and build up multi-cultivating evaluation system.


In 1974 the adult population of Labops hesperius Uhler near Vale, Oregon was 43% macropterous males, 53% brachypterous females and 4% macropterous females. The macropterous adults made escape flights of 15–60 cm and migratory flights occurred at altitudes of up to 2 m, primarily in the afternoon. The maturation of ovaries of macropterous females was delayed until after a 3 week flight period. The color of trap (red, white, blue or yellow) did not influence the number of adults caught. Nymphs and adults run rapidly but do not disperse far on the ground. The dispersal capability of L. hesperius is limited so the spread to uninfested areas will probably be slow. Bug density was positively correlated with old growth wheatgrass straw but not new foliage.


Endogenous opiates have been implicated in pain and stress experiences. In order to directly assess the relationship between endorphin activity and acute behavioral distress, β-endorphin immunoreactivity (β-EPI) was measured by radioimmunoassay in cerebrospinal fluid of 75 children with acute leukemia undergoing routine lumbar puncture. These data were related to four measures of behavioral distress collected during the procedure. For children 4 years of age and above, β-EPI correlated inversely with age (r = -.31, p ≤ .05). All behavioral measures also inversely correlated with age (r = -.26 to -.67, p ≤ .05 to .001). Females had a significantly lower mean β-EPI than males (p ≤ .01), and exhibited greater behavioral distress. β-EPI and behavioral measures interacted with the use of specific antileukemia agents. L-Asparaginase was associated with lower β-EPI (p ≤ .05), while prednisone was associated with lower behavioral distress on three of the four measures (p ≤ .05 to .01). After controlling for age, sex, and chemotherapy, β-EPI and nurse ratings of anxiety were positively correlated (partial correlation coefficient = .31, p ≤ .05). Correlations between β-EPI and other behavioral measures demonstrated positive trends. Results of this study are interpreted as support for the reactive nature of β-EPI in cerebrospinal fluid to acute distress, and may help explain documented sex differences in distress behavior. Potential clinical implications and directions for further research are discussed.


The stationary Josephson current in a ballistic graphene system is theoretically studied with focus on a planar junction consisting of a monolayer graphene sheet on top of which a pair of supercond...


Archives contain millions of documents like manuscripts, rare books, paintings, photographs, and historical records. All these constitute human heritage. Paper manuscripts, with the passage of time, are getting fragile and brittle because of various reasons. Lamination does not seem to be a permanent solution of preserving this cultural heritage for posterity. Digitization technology brings with it untold benefits for heritage preservation and access. Once a document has been properly digitized, it becomes immortal and can remain accessible long after the original has ceased to exist. The option of digital access further aids in preservation of originals through reduced need for physical handling. The Punjab Digital Library is a new approach to preserving Punjab's heritage for future generations. The central digital archive, developed over the last six years, grants electronic access using powerful searching and browsing capabilities for the researcher to sift through vast amounts of data. PDL has been instrumental in digitally preserving over 2.5 million folios from 3,400 manuscripts, 2,200 book, 1,990 issues of periodicals, 5,578 issues of newspapers, 3,152 photographs, 248,000 legal documents, and some 168 hours of video recordings. The current collection of data amounts to about 15,000 GB.


Due to the limitation of micro-machining technology, the bearing aspect ratio for a micro gas turbine is limited to a small value. Therefore, the load-carrying capacity of such bearing is inherently small. Thus, it is desirable to predict the load-carrying capacity as accurately as possible without being unnecessarily conservative. The direct numerical analysis of bearing characteristics was performed by mass conservation at coupled boundary. Journal bearing was numerically simulated for two cases 1) an externally pressurized bearing with four feeding holes and 2) a hydrodynamic bearing. Characteristics such as pressure distribution at the bearing surface, load-carrying capacity as a function of aspect ratio with a coupled boundary effects are investigated for micro gas turbine bearings. It is shown that a model of thrust and journal bearings coupled at boundary generally predicts a greater load-carrying capacity than uncoupled models.


The estimation of the groundwater (GW) potential in irrigated areas is crucial for the sustainable management of water resources in order to ensure its sustainable use. This study was conducted in a selected area of the Chaj doab, Punjab, Pakistan, to quantify the impacts of the pumping and the recharge on the aquifer therein. To that end, a groundwater flow model (MODFLOW) and a groundwater recharge model (WetSpass) were coupled to assess the conditions of the aquifer. The model was calibrated manually on twelve-year data (2003–2014) against the observed groundwater levels, and it was validated with five-year data (2015–2019). Three main scenarios (divided into ten subscenarios) were simulated for the future prediction of the groundwater: Scenario-I (to assess the impact of the pumping if the prevailing conditions of the years from 2003 to 2019 were to continue until 2035); Scenario-II (to assess the impact of the pumping on the aquifer by increasing the pumping capacity by 25, 50, 75, and 100% for the coming 10 years); and Scenario-III (to assess the impact on the aquifer of the decrease in the average groundwater recharge from the river by 50% by following the same pumping trend). The Scenario-I results show that there would be an 18.1 m decrease in the groundwater table at the end of the year 2035. The Scenario-II results predict decreases in the water table by 2.0, 5.5, 9.8, and 14.3 m in the year 2029 as a result of increases in the pumping capacity of 25, 50, 75, and 100%, respectively. The results of Scenario-III show that, with the decrease in the recharge from the rainfall, there would be a 0.7 m decrease in the water table, and that, from open-water bodies, there would be a 2.4 m decrease in the water table. These results are very helpful for determining the recharge and discharge potential of the aquifer.


We herein report the determination of the intrinsic thermal conductivity (κ) and interfacial thermal conductance (g) of single-walled carbon nanotube thin films (50 nm) on top of a SiO2 substrate. The study was performed as a function of temperature (300–450 K) using the opto-thermal technique. The value of κ decreases nonlinearly by approximately 60% from a value of 26 Wm−1 K−1 at 300 K to a value of 9 Wm−1 K−1 at 450 K. This effect stems from the increase of multi-phonon scattering at higher temperatures. The g increases with temperature, reaching a saturation plateau at 410 K. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of the thermal properties of the supported carbon nanotube thin films, which are crucial for any heat dissipation applications.


The demonstrative embodiments of the invention disclose: (i) a metal molding conduit assembly (100; 200; 300; 400; 500; 600; 700), (ii) a metal molding system (110; 208; 302; 403A), (iii) a metal molding process, (iv) a metal molding hot runner assembly (410; 510), (v) a molded article having a body made by a metal molding process, and (vi) a mold (118; 214; 312; 424; 512A; 512B; 512C; 512D; 616; 714). The metal molding conduit assembly (100; 200; 300; 400; 500; 600; 700) includes a conduit passageway (104; 202; 304; 402; 502; 602; 702) configured to pass a volume of molten metal located downstream of a passageway blockage (108;212;308;406,416A,416B; 506,509A,509B; 606; 706) formed in the conduit passageway (100; 200; 300; 400; 500; 600; 700).


A simple technique for making intermetallic resistors of sheet resistance around 25 ?/? is described. The resistors were formed by reacting a 300 A film of platinum with underlying GaAs to completion. PtGa, PtGa2 and PtAs2 phases were identified in the temperature range of 450°C to 550°C investigated. The temperature coefficient of resistivity was of the order of +9.2×10?4°C?1 at 25°C and the resistors appeared to be stable up to current densities of 105 A/cm2.


Abstract This article investigates India's professionals' tourist mobilities during on-site assignments in continental Europe. The concept of experiential cultural capital is introduced to highlight the sociocultural symbolic significance of experiences of travelling for leisure enabled by one's professional career. The study (conducted between 2007 and 2013) is based on ethnographic research online and in-depth face-to-face interviews with 76 Indian expatriates working in the information, communication and technology (ICT) sector in Brussels. This complementary approach of online and offline research enabled the observation of practices of status distinction, which deepened the understanding of Indian professionals' tourist mobility. The data of the lived experiences of leisure travelling enabled by professional career trajectories illustrate practices of capital accumulation. In addition, they show how India's youth, inscribed in new economy sectors, such as the ICT sector, seize the volatile opportunities offered by changing global economic and political conditions. Moreover, this research indicates how occupational identity is intertwined with particular practices of leisure travelling as the organisational culture might influence leisure opportunities. Therefore, by participating in and managing this symbolic resource of tourist mobility, professionals signal their economic success to their family and peers in order to be recognised as such.


We prove the well-posedness of the mixed problem for the Stokes system in a class of Lipschitz domains in ℝ n , n ≥ 3. The strategy is to reduce the original problem to a boundary integral equation, and we establish certain new Rellich-type estimates which imply that the intervening boundary integral operator is semi-Fredholm. We then prove that its index is zero by performing a homotopic deformation of it onto an operator related to the Lame system, which has recently been shown to be invertible.


OBJECTIVE
Opium is an overwhelming public health problem in some countries. Different studies have suggested this drug as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Although the effect of opium on immune system, lung disease, nephropathy, stroke, and cardiac arrhythmia has been found in different studies, its effect on postoperation complications is not clear yet. The authors conducted this study to assess the effect of opium on post operation in hospital complications among patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft.

DESIGN
The authors retrospectively analyzed the data in this study.

SETTING
This study has been done at Tehran Heart Center.

PATIENTS
A total of 4,398 patients who had undergone isolated CABG were studied.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
Patients who fulfilled the DSM-IV-TR criteria for opium dependence (by smoking) were enrolled as Opium Dependent Patients. Also outcome variables were: Perioperative MI, septicemia, UTI, TIA, continuous coma, prolonged ventilation, pulmonary embolism, renal failure, acute limb ischemia, heart block, AF, mortality.

RESULTS
The prevalence of opium dependence was 15.6percent among patients. The authors used a propensity matched model to analyze the relationship between opium and post operation complications. The authors adjusted opium and non-opium dependent patients in all of the baseline preoperative risk factors, so all of the matched patients were same and there was no bias in assessment.

CONCLUSION
Opium dependent patients had significantly longer resource utilization. However, no significant relationship was found between opium dependence and other cardiac and non cardiac in hospital complications.


The eighteenth-century novels of Henry Fielding show striking resemblances with the ancient romances. This article focuses on one such similarity: the motif of apparant death. it explores instances where not only the motif itself but also a number of narrative details (plot lines, situations, results and/or goals) recall passages from specific Greek romances. Fielding's use of ancient fiction is contextualized by comparison/contrast with his famous rival Samuel Richardson, who uses the motif in a significantly different way. Fielding uses the motif to direct the plot or create a certain atmosphere of a scene. He adapts it to his own style and his theme of the human passions.


Chieftain He ws one of the earliest chieftains appointed in the north-west by the Ming Dynasty.He had an important impact on the domain of politics and military of the Northwest.Because of the lack of systematic records,scholars known little about him,chieftain He was appointed hereditary chieftain in early Ming dynasty which was not abolished until 1932.His rule lasted such a long time,had such great influence and was so strong in power,that made him second to known among the northwest Chieftains.


The 17th national congress of CPC pointed out that we must adhere to scientific development and improve the excitation mechanisms for scientific and technical innovation. The knowledge employees play the leading roles in hospitals, whose excitation mechanisms are distinctive and profound. Measures have been taken variously and distinctly to establish effective excitation mechanisms, as a result, to make full use of staff's creativity, enthusiasm, and potential ability to accomplish the knowledge-based values.


The methods about lightning study from three aspects of monitoring,warning and forecasting were introduced in this article.Currently,the latest researches aiming at operation application at home and abroad showed that the coexistence of multi sources of lightning observation equipments had improved the efficiency of lightning detection. The accuracy rate of potential prediction for lightning which based on combining weather situation classification with results calibration by using appropriate local physical quantity parameters,was higher than that of the lightning prediction only according to the former,which led to significant uncertainty and low elaborate forecast. With development of numerical model forecast to globalization and fine direction,potential prediction for lightning which based on numerical model was the major direction in the future. On the basis of a variety of high observation frequency data and effective extrapolation,nowcasting can be improved not only the accuracy of lightning warning but also the predicted time significantly.


Abstract. Recent earthquakes, as the one that hit Fukushima in Japan in 2011 or the one that produced extensive damage in Turkish petrochemical facilities during the Kocaeli earthquake of 1999 or, more recently, the seismic events in May 2012 in Emilia (Italy), highlighted the increasing need of providing adequate protection to industrial installations. Industrial facilities often store a large amount of hazardous material and, in case of seismic event, there is a high probability that accidental scenarios as fire, explosion, toxic or radioactive dispersion may occur. In these cases, the ensuing disaster certainly harms the people working in the installation and it may endanger the population living in the neighborhood or in the urban area where the industrial installation is located. The consequences of such accidental scenarios can be disastrous in terms of casualties, economic losses and environmental damage. Within this work, the seismic behavior of an industrial structure is studied through several Incremental Dynamic Analyses, IDA, and particular attention is given to the selection of suitable performance criteria and the modelling of non linear phenomena (II order effects, buckling, mechanical non-linearity, etc.). The seismic behavior is then enhanced applying to the structure an innovative typology of self-centering hysteretic damper, whose mechanical characteristics are optimized through the execution of IDAs on the retrofitted structures. A final comparison between the seismic behavior of the original structure and of the retrofitted one highlights the advantages of the innovative self-centering hysteretic dampers.


With dilution technique, the microzooplankton grazing rate(μ) and the phytoplanton growth rate (g) in the Daya Bay in 22nd Dec. 2004 and 15th Mar. in 2005 were studied. The grazing experiments were conducted at 5 typical stations within the Bay.In winter, the phytoplankton growth rate and microzooplankton grazing rate were 0.18 and 1.19 d-1,1.00 and 2.08 d-1,respectively.The grazing pressure of the microzooplankton on percentage of phytoplankton standing crop and potential production ranged from 76 % to 287%, 101% to 445%, respectively,while in spring, 0.16-1.14 d-1 and 0.33 - 1.74 d-1 respectively, and from 47% to 258% , 70% to 330% , respectively. The results shown that the Daya Bay waters is the typical subtropical water with highμand g, and the grazing pressure of microzooplankton is at high level.


Background and Purpose: There is demand for physical therapists to practice in intensive care units (ICUs); however, many physical therapists lack the specialized knowledge and skills to provide these services. Immersive simulation is an ideal instructional design strategy for learning ICU rehabilitation skills because simulation provides safe, low-risk environments to master high-risk interventions. This case report describes an elective hybrid pre-professional physical therapist course that incorporates simulation-based learning experiences (SBLEs) with clinical mentoring to prepare students for formal ICU internships. Case Description: Eight final-year physical therapist students participated in this course. The goal of this course was to facilitate the development of students interested in specializing in ICU practice. Course objectives included acquiring the knowledge, communication skills, and clinical skills essential for participating in mentored clinical ICU internships. Educational strategies included lectures, SBLEs, and clinical ICU experiences. Outcomes: All students successfully completed the course, earned the American Heart Association Advance Cardiac Life Support certification, and were identified by ICU physical therapist clinical instructors as ready for formal ICU internships. Stakeholders positively reviewed the course. One year following the course, 4 of 8 students were employed in acute care and/or ICU settings. Discussion: This elective course used a combination of lectures, SBLEs, and clinical experiences to successfully prepare physical therapist students for mentored ICU internships and employment in acute and critical care practice settings. More research is required to evaluate the simulation pedagogy (structure, types of cases, and time in simulation) and criteria for determining student competence level for ICU practice.


The invention provides a temperature control method of an air indirect cooling refrigerator. The temperature control method includes steps of A, dividing n equal parts between upper limit voltage V1 and lower limit voltage Vn+1 according to the preset value n to acquire n+1 voltage values V1 to Vn+1, and acquiring upper limit temperature Tu and lower limit temperature Td according to preset temperature Ts of a refrigerating chamber and preset difference temperature delta T; B, detecting current temperature Tc of the refrigerating chamber, comparing the Tc with the Td, starting counting, and setting a counting initial value as 0; C, respectively applying V1 or Vn+1 to a first fan within a preset time period if Tc is larger than or equal to Tu or if Tc is smaller than Td, setting a counting value as 0, and returning to the step B; and D, applying voltage Vx+2 to the first fan within a preset time period if Tu is larger than Tc and Tc is larger than or equal to Td, and simultaneously adding 1 to x which is a current counting value. By the aid of the method, a fluctuation range of temperature of the refrigerating chamber is small, and preservation capacity is improved. The invention further provides the air indirect cooling refrigerator. The refrigerator prevents humidity loss of the refrigerating chamber.


With the increasing use of new, predominantly biologic drugs in dermatology, questions frequently arise in clinical practice as to their safety in women wishing to conceive as well as during pregnancy and lactation. Apart from the Summary of Product Characteristics and the Physician's Desk Reference, reliable information may be obtained from databases such as the one compiled by the Center for Pharmacovigilance and Consultation on Embryonal Toxicology at Charité University Medical Center Berlin (https://www.embryotox.de). Another source of information is researching recent publications, for example via PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed).


Sporulation genes spoOB and spoOF of Bacillus subtilis were cloned in a temperate phage φ105 using the "prophage transformation" method. The phages obtained (φ105spoOB-2 and φ105spo0F-1) did not form plaques, but multiplied without a helper phage when they were induced. Transduction by these phages depended on the presence of helper phage, suggesting that they were defective in lysogenization. The EcoRI cleavage maps of these phage DNAs were constructed.


The preparation of an extremely active crystalline AS-3-ketosteroid isomerase from Pseudomonas testosteroni has been described in a recent preliminary communication (1). This induced enzyme promotes the isomerization of A5c6)and AS(lO)-3ketosteroids to the corresponding Ad-3-ketosteroids. The present paper gives a detailed description of a simplified isolation procedure for the crystalline enzyme and reports on the amino acid composition, the molecular weight, the ultracentrifugal behavior, the ultraviolet absorption spectrum, and other properties of the enzyme.


Lung surfactants primary function is to lower surface tension
and therefore it protects alveoli from collapsing. It consists
of phospholipids and four proteins. These proteins stabilize
the surfactant layer (SFTPB and SFTPC) and modulate
immunological response to various pathogens (SFTPA, SFTPD),
which is the secondary role of lung surfactant. Low levels of
surfactant proteins lead to severe diseases. Dexamethasone and
insulin were applied on H441 cell line. This cell line
resembles Clara cells and therefore serves as a model of lung
surfactant producing cells. SFTPA1 (and its analog SFTPA2) were
not affected by insulin (2500 ng/mL), but dexamethasone
treatment (10-7 M) for 48 hours resulted in 50% decrease in
their mRNA production. Surprisingly, combination of
dexamethasone and insulin resulted in 90% decrease.


The starting point for this book was a letter sent in December 2014 by Jean Tirole to Genevieve Fioraso, who at the time was Secretary of State for Higher Education and Research. In this letter, the French economist threw all the prestigeof his recent Nobel prize behind the sole objective of thwarting a reform that was supported by hundreds of academiceconomists. The sole aim of this eagerly awaited reform was to institute within the French university systema space for the expression of ideas at odds with mainstream economic thought. Jean Tirole's extraordinary initiative was unexpectedly successful: Genevieve Fioraso decided to withdraw her decree.


It is my profound conviction that it is better to write music which is "my own" than the one which is just "new". I have therefore distanced myself from the musical avant‑garde and I have discovered sacred music as my creative path. It includes over a dozen large‑scale vocal‑instrumental works, such as Vesperae pro defunctis, Requiem, Via crucis, Resurrectio, Missa de Maria a Magdala, Magnificat & Nunc dimittis, Miserere, four Symphonies – of Providence, of Love, of Angels and on the Mercy of God, as well as a wide range of a cappella choral compositions. Works exploring the theme of transience (Vesperae pro defunctis, Requiem) and those linked to the spirituality of the Passion and Easter (Via crucis, Resurrectio) constitute other important strands in my output. In order to describe my musical idiom I have coined the term "renewed tonality", which seems to me to fit the sound material that I employ in my pieces. The article cites the documents of the Catholic Church relating to music, including the texts by Popes Pius X and Pius XII, and the Constitution of the Sacred Liturgy of the Second Vatican Council. In writing sacred music I am trying to follow the Catholic Church's voice expressed in these documents, for I believe that sacred music should be holy and universal. I also follow the musicologist Bohdan Pociej in invoking the four ways in which composers enter the sphere of the sacrum: religious theme, religious climate, sacred time and sound, and sacred form, all of which find their reflection in my music.


There was studied the effect of instillation of eye drops - biopeloids on the metabolic activity of certain enzymes in the tear fluid and blood serum at modeling of bacterial keratitis (BK). Therapeutic instillations of biopeloids in combination w/ith the antibiotic - gentamicin promote oxidation-reduction process normalization (ORP), antioxidant (catalase), membrane stabilizing (CF, SChF) processes and antibacterial processes (lysozyme), which leads to more effective therapeutic effect compared to the control (gentamycin).


In transparent optical networks,how to avoid the impact of physical impairment in routing is a problem to be solved urgently.A new kind of RWA algorithm based on multiple physical layer impairments constraints is proposed to improve the issue of considering physical impairment relatively simple,attempt to use multiple physical impairments as multiple constraints,thereby could choose the least impact optical path to accomplish the linking request,meeting the requirement of the higher transmission quality in future networks.


A number of early biochemical responses of bone cells to mechanical loading have been identified, but the full sequence of events from the sensing of strain to the formation of new bone is poorly characterized. Extracellular matrix proteins can modulate cell behavior and would be ideal molecules to amplify the early response to loading. The extracellular matrix protein, tenascin‐C, supports differentiation of cultured osteoblast‐like cells. The current study was carried out to investigate whether expression patterns of tenascin‐C in loaded bones support a role for this protein as a mediator of the osteoregulatory response to loading. Tenascin‐C expression was investigated by Northern blot analysis in rat ulnae subjected to an established noninvasive loading regimen engendering physiological strain levels. RNA extracted from loaded compared with contralateral control bones 6 h after loading showed a significant increase in tenascin‐C transcript expression. The presence of tenascin‐C was investigated by immunohistochemistry in bones of animals killed 3, 5, or 15 days after the initiation of daily loading. In animals killed at 3 or 5 days, periosteal surfaces undergoing load‐induced reversal from resorption to formation showed enhanced tenascin‐C staining. In animals killed at 15 days, the bone formed in response to loading was clearly demarcated from old bone by strong tenascin‐C staining of reversal lines. Within this new bone, tenascin‐C staining was seen in the lacunae of older but not more recently embedded osteocytes. The results presented here indicate that tenascin‐C expression by bone cells is enhanced in the early osteogenic response to loading. This may indicate that tenascin‐C acts as a mediator of the mechanically adaptiveresponse.


The immune system has evolved to defend us against infectious diseases and one of its cardinal features is its ability to blunt the severity of a second infection with the same pathogen. This remarkable phenomenon was first recorded in 430 B.C. by the Greek historian Thucydides and for centuries mankind has known that certain diseases are seldom suffered a second time. In fact, it was this observation that gave birth to the term 'immunity'; the old Roman word 'immunitas' meaning protection from taxation was adopted to describe this protection from disease. More importantly, the discipline of vaccinology originated from this principle and immunological memory forms the underlying basis for vaccination. The earliest attempts to induce protective immunity were made in Asia around 1500 AD, when dried pox material from smallpox patients was inoculated into healthy people. This process, called variolation, protected individuals from smallpox. Lady Montague Wortley, an Englishwoman, introduced this procedure to the West, but this approach did not gain popularity and was discontinued because the degree of morbidity associated with variolation was simply too variable and too high to be acceptable. The major breakthrough came with the studies of Edward Jenner in 1796. Jenner made the astute observation that milkmaids who were exposed to cowpox were spared the ravages of smallpox and reasoned that inoculation of cowpox pustular material might prevent smallpox. He was right, of course, and the rest, as they say, is history – Jenner's vaccine was highly effective and eventually led to the eradication of smallpox. How does the immune system remember, sometimes for a lifetime, the identity of a pathogen? What is the cellular and Immunological Reviews 2006 Vol. 211: 5–7 Printed in Singapore. All rights reserved


This study aims to determine the extent to which information security management (ISM) practices impact the organisational agility by examining the relationship between both concepts.,A quantitative method research design has been used in this study. This study was conducted throughout Malaysia with a total of 250 valid questionnaires obtained from managers and executives from the Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC)-status companies. Structural equation modelling (SEM) using partial least square was used to analyse the data and to test all nine hypotheses developed in this study.,Findings from this study indicate that operational agility (OA) is significantly related to ISM practices in MSC-status companies. The validation of the structural model of nine hypotheses developed for this study has demonstrated satisfactory results, exhibited six significant direct relationships and three insignificant relationships.,This study has addressed the needs for a comprehensive, coherent and empirically tested ISM practices and organisational agility framework. The current theoretical framework used in this study emphasised on the ISM–organisational agility dimensions that are predominantly important to ascertain high level of ISM practices and perceived agility level among the information technology (IT) business companies in Malaysia. With the application of SEM for powerful analysis, the empirical-based framework established in this study was validated by the empirical findings, thus contributing significantly to the field of information security (InfoSec).,This study has filled the research gap between different constructs of ISM practices and OA. The model put forth in this study contributes in several ways to the InfoSec research community. The recognition of InfoSec practices that could facilitate organisational agility in the IT industry in Malaysia is vital and contributes to more value creation for the organisations.


The effects of high concentration of point defects in crystalline ZrSiO{sub 4} as originated by exposure to radiation, have been simulated using first principles density functional calculations. Structural relaxation and vibrational studies were performed for a catalog of intrinsic point defects, with different charge states and concentrations. The experimental evidence of a large anisotropic volume swelling in natural and artificially irradiated samples is used to select the subset of defects that give similar lattice swelling for the concentrations studied, namely interstitials of O and Si, and the antisite Zr{sub Si}. Calculated vibrational spectra for the interstitials show additional evidence for the presence of high concentrations of some of these defects in irradiated zircon.


This paper reports an ongoing research on possible uses of digital fabrication in the production of social housing in Brazil, focusing on Minha Casa Minha Vida Program. We describe the typological characteristics of this program, presenting the definition of rapid prototyping and digital fabrication and its main methods. Then, we present the concept of generative architecture and shape grammar and indicate their possible use in the production of this type of housing in conjunction with digital fabrication. Finally, we highlight the importance of introducing these new technologies in the productive chain of Brazilian civil construction at a time when we need productivity gains to overcome the bottlenecks that today limits the development of the country


In this month's column, I want to focus on unpaid present entitlements (UPEs), but not for tax purposes. I'm sure that we're all aware of the ATO's approach to UPEs in a Div 7A ITAA36 context, but that's only where there's a trust estate with a UPE in favour of a private company beneficiary. The operation of the tax law generally treats the UPE as if it were a loan by the beneficiary to the trust estate.


Abstract Various Ni–Zn–P alloy coatings were deposited onto aluminum substrates using electroless plating from a sulphate bath containing varying amounts of zinc (II) ions. Different techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, were employed to characterize the morphology, composition and structural properties of the resulting films. The effect of varying Zn content on the corrosion properties of the coatings was tested in 3 wt.% NaCl media, by means of current–potential curves, potential transients and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. It was found that increasing ZnSO4 concentration from 5 to 25 g l−1 in the plating bath, increases the Zn content in the film from 9.90 wt.% to 12.7 wt.%, reduces the film thickness, modifies the surface morphology and significantly reduces the corrosion rate.


Clerical workers of two unionized academic libraries (the University of Pennsylvania and Drexel University) were surveyed in an attempt to relate specific work and union attitudes. Elements considered included sex, age, education, job satisfaction, and union activism. The study also compares the previous union attitudes of the workers with their attitudes after their union experience.


Waiting lines are spatial configurations of people that store information about time of arrival until it is recapitulated as order of service. Someone joining a line has an interest in assuming a position that will be seen as recognizably "in line," particularly by those arriving later. When physical constraints are few—such as in 30th Street Station, Philadelphia, the site for this research—this is normally accomplished through conformity with the line's recent trajectory. However, conflict between normally congruent line-joining rules can occasion a sharp turn; an example is when a self-identifying group joins the line, muddying the geometry and creating uncertainty as to what should happen next. Further, the normal rules for line formation can misfire, giving rise to mutant lines with multiple "tails" and an impaired capacity for encoding time into space. Alternatives to waiting lines are considered and judged less efficient and more likely to be judged unfair, particularly given the expectation that rewards will be proportional to investments.


This article argues that Rousseau's Social Contract both upholds and transcends liberal concepts of political right. Rather than maintaining a distinction between public right and public good, Rousseau tries to collapse the division between the two in order to effect a transition from a bourgeois society to a moral community. In his view, individuals are best protected from each other by participating in the formation of a community of equals. Rousseau's conception of morality is not based on absolutes, but is a process whereby individuals consciously integrate themselves into the community. This presupposes a desire to belong on the part of individuals, and recognizes their propensity to distance themselves from the social order. Rather than trying to eradicate the tension between individuality and integration, Rousseau affirms that the effort to reconcile this tension is the foundation of morality.


Rights: © 1992 American Physical Society (APS). This is the accepted version of the following article: Kaukonen, H.-P. & Nieminen, Risto M. 1992. Molecular-dynamics simulation of the growth of diamondlike films by energetic carbon-atom beams. Physical Review Letters. Volume 68, Issue 5. 620-623. ISSN 0031-9007 (printed). DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.68.620, which has been published in final form at http://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.68.620.


The design of systolic algorithms is discussed, that is, algorithms that may efficiently be executed by a synchronous array of cells that perform local communications only. Systolic algorithms are designed through techniques developed in the context of sequential programming. Heuristics are given that guide the programmer in the design of a variety of efficient solutions.


Security and monitoring systems are more and more demanding in terms of quality, reliability and flexibility especially those dedicated to video surveillance. The quality of the acquired video signal strongly affects the performance of the high level tasks such as visual tracking, face detection and recognition. The design of a video quality assessment metric dedicated to this particular application requires a preliminary study on the common distortions encountered in video surveillance. To this end, we present in this paper a dataset dedicated to video quality assessment in the context of video surveillance. This database consists of a set of common distortions at different levels of annoyance. The subjective tests are performed using a classical pair comparison protocol with some new configurations. The subjective results obtained through the psycho-visual tests are analyzed and compared to some objective video quality assessment metrics. The preliminary results are encouraging and open a new framework for building smart video surveillance based security systems. Database link: https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/prf8p9rwhd/draft?a=d9646d2f-5154-4d49-8eb3-e7989187a24c


The transmucosal movement of selenium in the everted intestinal sacs of the golden hamsters was studied. The movement of selenium in the form of Na2Se75O3, dl-seleno-75 cystine, l-seleno-75 methionine and dl-C14 methyl-labeled selenomethionine was examined. It was found that selenomethionine was transported against a concentration gradient, and selenite and selenocystine were not. The transport of l-selenomethionine is inhibited by the corresponding sulfur analogue, l-methionine. The transport of selenite and selenocystine were not inhibited by sulfite and cystine, respectively. Selenite, selenocystine, and selenomethionine in the concentration used did not inhibit the active transport of glucose.


It is necessary that study facilities of salt manufacture in vacuum be corroded in brine of hight temperature.Seven new alloys selected which was carried out corrosion test in brine at high temperature about 108℃ for 1200h and taking samples from factory was analysed. The experimental results show that F and M alloys have the good corrosion resistance. In addition,corrosion process for facilities of salt manufacture in vacuum was observed on situs by metcllography and the corrosion mechanism is also investigated.


is problematic because of the high prevalence of lactose intolerance [8]. The use of dietary supplements (DS) containing probiotics has been increasing in most nations, with the major reason for the improvement of the overall gut health of children. Selected strains of Bifidobacterium spp and Lactobacilli (Lactic acid bacteria) are the main strains with proven probiotic effects [9]. The ability to survive in the gastrointestinal environment is recognized as a fundamental requisite for probiotics [10]. To produce health benefit to the host, the recommended minimum orally ingested dose for a potential effect of live probiotic bacteria per g of product ranged between 108 to 1012 colony-forming units (cfu) per day equivalent to 0.1 up to 100 billion cfu per day [11-14]. The functional aspects of probiotic action in terms of functionality and efficacy are mostly related to the concept of the targeted microbial generation of functional molecules, such Publication History:


Background : The number of motor vehicles usage is increasing every year, along with the increasing prevalence of motor vehicle accidents, and mortality due to traffic accidents in 2010. The driver's visual impairment is one factor that affects this phenomenon. In Indonesia there are regulations regarding the minimum requirements for visual acuity in order to get a driving license. However, data of driver's visual acuity have not been obtained yet. This study aimed to assess the public transport (angkot) driver's visual acuity. Thus, the regulation and evaluation of the minimum requirements for a driver's visual acuity can be applied optimally. Methods : This study used the categorical descriptive method with cross sectional design to assess visual acuity for four-wheeled motor vehicle (angkot) drivers in Jatinangor using RAAB E chart and pinhole. The variable that was described in this study was the visual acuity of 4-wheeled motor vehicle drivers in Jatinangor. Results : Results showed 86.5% of drivers fulfilled the minimum requirements of visual acuity for driving. Meanwhile, the rest did not fulfill the minimum requirements of visual acuity for driving. Conclusions : Most of the public transport drivers have already fulfilled the minimum requirement of visual acuity for driving. However the minimum requirement of visual acuity for drivers has not been implemented optimally since there were drivers who have not performed an eye examination when taking and extending their driving license.


The effect of phase and amplitude fluctuations of the pump mode on the quantum-statistical properties of the signal mode is considered. It is shown that these fluctuations in the laser field tend to decrease the squeezing of the signal field.


The Common European Security and Defence Policy (CESDP) of the European Union (EU) was launched in 1999 and has been perceived as a landmark step toward European security cooperation, particularly in the field of crisis management. Still in its early stages, some difficult issues have become apparent. Of these, the so‐called 'third‐country' issue may prove to be among the most significant. This problem refers to the necessity of associating states outside the EU with CESDP. In this regard, three states stand out — the United States, Turkey and Russia — and this article considers their concerns and the European response in detail. This is prefaced by a general overview of how the third‐country problem emerged and what the EU has done to address it. It concludes by suggesting that third‐country considerations could well determine where and how EU‐led missions operating under the auspices of CESDP are deployed.


The optimal transport map between the standard Gaussian measure and an α-strongly logconcave probability measure is α-Lipschitz, as first observed in a celebrated theorem of Caffarelli. In this paper, we apply two classical covariance inequalities (the Brascamp–Lieb and Cramér–Rao inequalities) to prove a sharp bound on the Lipschitz constant of the map that arises from entropically regularized optimal transport. In the limit as the regularization tends to zero, we obtain an elegant and short proof of Caffarelli's original result. We also extend Caffarelli's theorem to the setting in which the Hessians of the log-densities of the measures are bounded by arbitrary positive definite commuting matrices.


Abstract A diesel engine is possible solution for CO2 reduction from automobiles. However, it is necessary NOx-emission-reduction technology for diesel engine. Therefore, this research focused on a Urea-SCR system as a De-NOx system, and proposed the Urea-SCR control based on the the output of an NH3 sensor. The usage of an NH3 sensor is effective not only in De-NOx but also in NH3 slip reduction. Moreover the Urea-SCR control revise Urea dosing amount on the basis of the changes in NH3 slip timing and in concentration in order to compensate for the part-to-part variation in and aging effect of the SCR catalyst. The Urea-SCR system using the NH3 sensor was applied to an actual testing vehicle and achieved higher De-NOx performance and emission robustness than the previous control using a NOx sensor.


Abstract This article presents the design of the modified error detection and localization algorithm in the Residue Number System (RNS). Classical redundant RNS with one control modulus can detect one error but not localize it. Two control moduli are used to localize a single error. Presented algorithm can achieve an error correction with a single control modulus transmitted over a reliable communication channel. The proposed approach was veryfied using Verilog on ASIC in RTL and physical synthesis tool Cadence Genus Synthesis Solution. It significantly reduces the area of the hardware implementation increasing the packing density and more efficient use of silicon resource. It slightly increases the running time compared with the classical algorithm. Distributed data storage was developed to study efficiency of the proposed algorithm.


As the fundamental industry of national economy, iron and steel industry's development leads rapid increase in demand for iron ore in China. As the largest iron oreproducing country which accounts for about 45% of the world's iron ore production, China still imported about 850 Mt iron ore, account for 65% of the world's seaborne iron ore trade in 2013.1) Faced with situation that the amount of iron ore that has high ferrous grade and few harmful impurities decreased while the price increased in the international markets, the steel mills have more and more pressure for materials and production cost.2,3) Therefore, research and rational utilization of imported iron ore would be a longterm strategy for Chinese steel industry in energy-saving and cost-reducing. With features of high ferrous grade, few harmful impurities and relatively low price, specularite has been gradually accepted by steel mills in the recent years.4–6) According to the analysis of world iron ore reserves, specularite is distributed widely in the world and abundant in some countries Improving Sintering Performance of Specularite Concentrates by Pre-briquetting Process


A four-rod RFQ (radio-frequency quadrupole) is being built as a part of the new high charge state injector for the UNILAC at GSI Darmstadt. It will accelerate heavy ions from an ECR (electron cyclotron resonance) ion source with charge-to-mass ratio of q/u>or=0.117 (U/sup 28+/) from 2.5 keV/u to 300 keV/u, which corresponds to an energy gain of 2.5 MeV/q. The four-rod RFQ will be 2.9 m long with a tank diameter of 35 cm and will operate at 108.5 MHz with a duty cycle of up to 50%. The status of the project and first results are presented. In addition, work on a high-current prototype accelerator designed for U/sup 2+/ (25 emA), 2.5 to 25 keV/u, and an operating frequency of 27 MHz is reported.<<ETX>>


Recent researches in speech synthesis are mainly focused on naturalness, and the emotional speech synthesis becomes one of the highlighted research topics. Although quite a many studies on emotional speech in English or Japanese have been addressed, the studies in Korean can seldom be found. This paper presents an analysis of emotional speech in Korean. Emotional speech features related to human speech prosody, such as F0, the duration, and the amplitude with their variations, are exploited. Their attribution to three different types of typical human speech is tried to be quantified and modeled. By utilizing the analysis results, emotional voice color conversion from the neutral speech to the emotional one is also performed and tested.


Summary Aspirin and abciximab independently decrease the incidence of cardiac events. To identify potential interactions, antiplatelet effects of abciximab were characterized in blood from healthy subjects given aspirin. Platelet activation was determined in whole blood with and without abciximab (2 μg/ml) added in vitro. Flow cytometry was used to quantify fibrinogen binding (glycoprotein IIb-IIIa activation). Binding of fluorochrome-labeled and 125I-labeled abciximab was determined before and after exposure to aspirin. In blood from subjects given aspirin for 5 days, abciximab-induced inhibition of the capacity to bind fibrinogen in response to 1 μM ADP was greater when the daily dose had been 325 mg compared with 81 mg (% inhibition: no aspirin 53 ± 6; 81 mg daily 62 ± 5; 325 mg daily 69 ± 6). The effect of 5 daily doses of aspirin was greater than that of one. Larger single doses elicited larger effects (% inhibition 2 h after 325 mg 59 ± 6; 2 h after 650 mg 78 ± 5). Neither salicylsalicylic acid nor naproxen sodium potentiated the effect of abciximab. Exposure of platelets to 14Cacetylsalicylic acid led to acetylation of glycoprotein IIb and IIIa. Binding of 125I-abciximab to platelets was increased after 30 and 60 min. Acetylation of glycoprotein IIb-IIIa by aspirin augments inhibitory effects of abciximab in a dose- and time-dependent manner by increasing binding of abciximab to platelets.


The biologically active substances induced mostly similar changes of the restorative equivalents level whereas the pattern of equivalents varied in neuronal activity of the mammal brain cortex. The effects of angiotensin II and cAMP on neuronal activity were different. The data obtained suggest that the angiotensin II effect on neurons is actualized both through the cAMP system and through other molecular mechanisms.


■ The minimization of the incision is a consequence of a natural evolution of the cataract surgery technique. ■ Microincision cataract surgery (MICS) is the surgery performed through incisions of 1.5 mm or less. ■ With MICS, you can operate all grades of cataract LOCS III, even hard cataracts, subluxated lenses, post traumatic lenses, zonular laxity, and congenital cataracts. ■ One of the most important achievements of MICS is the reduction of the ultrasonic (US) power delivered into the eye. ■ Among the major advantages of MICS is the reduction of surgical trauma resulting in a reduction of surgically-induced astigmatism (SIA). ■ However, a major problem remains in the possibility of lens compression. ■ The future belongs to the miniaturization of the tools and the wound size. ■ MICS is ready to extract cataracts through sub1-mm incisions.


This piece discusses the religions problem put forth by the students in history class,guiding them to treat the cxistance of religion i n the socialist society correcrly,and to have a better understanding of the diff erences between superstition and heresy,and the relationship between religion an d science.


Alpine glaciers are shrinking and rapidly loosing mass in a warming climate. Glacier modeling is required to assess the future consequences of these retreats on water resources, the hydropower industry and risk management. However, the performance of such ice flow modeling is generally difficult to evaluate because of the lack of long-term glaciological observations. Here, we assess the performance of the Elmer/Ice full-Stokes ice flow model using the long dataset of mass balance, thickness change, 5 ice flow velocity and snout fluctuation measurements obtained between 1979 and 2015 on the Mer de Glace glacier, France. Ice flow modeling results are compared in detail to comprehensive glaciological observations over four decades including both a period of glacier expansion preceding a long period of decay. To our knowledge a comparison to data at this detail is unprecedented. We found that the model accurately reconstructs the velocity elevation and length variations of this glacier despite some discrepancies that remain unexplained. The calibrated and validated model was then applied to simulate the future 10 evolution of Mer de Glace from 2015 to 2050 using 26 different climate scenarios. Depending on the climate scenarios, the largest glacier in France, with a length of 20 km, could retreat by 2 to 6 km over the next three decades.


Development has a purpose to improve the standard of living. The government began to apply the concept of sustainable development through the SDG's programme which integrates economic development with the socio-cultural and environmental aspects. This study aims to identify the participation (social capital) of Sumbermujur Village community on the activities of conservation that can maintain the quality and quantity of the Sumber Deling springs. The method used is social network analysis based on three measures of rate of participation, density and centrality. The results showed that the values showed moderate and low participation rates with high density and centrality values with some actors in the network. this is quite good because it can help in the development of water management.


By combining LIGA technigue with a sacrificial layer technique,the movable microstructures microsensor and a three dimensional acceleration sensor are also to be fabricated.The typical LIGA process and its applications are briefly presented.


The growing sickness in industrial sector of our country has created an alarming situation not only for entrepreneurs but also for the planners and authorities, particularly to the MSMEs sector of the country. Inspite of the incentives and facilities offered by the government to promote large number of MSMEs units over the years, a substantial number of units have been confronted with a number of problems bringing in an inherent feature of incipient sickness, recipitating into situation of critical sickness or closure. This may be due to a most of major key factors. The more common are management failure, lack of finance, shortage of raw-materials, power cut, labour trouble, marketing problems, etc. Therefore, there is a need to identify sickness in the initial stages and to initiate the process of corrective measures and rehabilitation before the sickness assumes serious proportion.