The running monitoring system of accelerometer dynamic pressure motor is used to sample the parameters of ten channels motors such as current,power,voltage and frequency.The running monitoring system is consisted of hardware circuit,PCI-6259 data acquisition card and PC software.PC software is developed by Lab VIEW 2012,which takes the advantages of graphical programming language,and simplifies the programming between the host computer and PCI-6259 data acquisition card.The software system has the functions of real-time monitoring,automatic alarm,data storage and query.During the test,by comparing the collected data of the running monitoring system with the data of WT230 power meter,the precision of the running monitoring system can meet the measurement requirement.The running monitoring system can continuously stable hot-line work more than 150 hours,so the test efficiency is improved.


Abstract : Ralph Gomory has recently aroused interest in a special type of knapsack problem in which the constraint coefficients and constant term are elements of a finite additive group. The significance of this problem lies in the fact that it is closely related to the general integer linear programming problem, resulting by removing the nonnegativity restrictions on those variables in the general problem that lie in an optimal basis for the associated linear program. Gomory has shown how to solve the special knapsack problem by adapting a dynamic programming recursion originally designed for the ordinary knapsack problem, and has identified sufficient conditions under which the solution of the special knapsack problem will satisfy the nonnegativity requirements in the general integer program, thereby yielding an optimal solution to that problem as well. In this paper the author presents an algorithm for solving the special knapsack problem that is capable of accommodating a variety of constraints in addition to the special knapsack constraint. The purpose in doing this is to expand the range of problems for which the optimal solution for the special problem will also provide an optimal solution to the general integer program from which it was derived.


1. Practitioners' involvement in research activity. This is achieved by research teams involving practitioners in various teaching, training and assessment roles, organisation managers and trades unions in development and research activity and in translating findings from one setting to the particular conditions of another setting. Practitioners' involvement also comes through setting up structures around the projects, such as advisory groups and networks. In this newsletter, you will find accounts of how some of the TLRP's Post-Compulsory Projects have involved different groups and organisations.


Island countries of the South Pacific are among the most vulnerable in the world to the effects of climate change, including the likely detrimental impacts on health. In general, the burden of these impacts falls disproportionately to particular subsectors of the population, such as the socio-economically deprived, certain occupational groups, those with pre-existing illnesses and residents of areas of high exposure to climate-related phenomena such as floods, droughts and sea level rise. Thus, climate change has the potential to exacerbate social and health inequalities further. As part of a suite of adaptations integrated across sectors, protection of Pacific Island communities from climate change-related health threats requires an evidence-based approach that incorporates a context-based assessment of vulnerability.

Pioneering work by McMichael and colleagues in the 1990s and early 2000s provided templates for performing assessments of vulnerability and compiling plans for adaptation to protect human health from the effects of climate change. This chapter reviews the inclusion of the human health dimension in the climate change impact and adaptation research landscape. We summarise the mixed methods approaches employed to assess climate change and health vulnerabilities and adaptation opportunities in the Pacific region. Results of these assessments are provided, key themes are identified and we map the planned direction of health adaptation to climate change in the Pacific.


Lock-free data objects offer several advantages over their blocking counterparts, such as being immune to deadlocks and convoying and, more importantly, being highly concurrent. But they share a co...


The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is an inter-governmental organisation which is composed of 24 industrialized countries in the western bloc. OECD aims at attaining economic growth in Member countries in terms of not only quantity but also quality. One of the important aspects of quality is protection of environment. OECD has made several achievements in the international control of chemicals, e.g., consolidated actions for PCBs, mercury and cadmium, Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals, Principles of Good Laboratory Practice (GLP), Minimum Premarketing Set of Data (MPD). The present work in OECD focuses on existing chemicals for which international co-operations are strongly needed in light of the number of chemicals and the size of necessary work for them. This article outlines the achievements and the present work of the Chemicals Programme in OECD.


Verification of cognitive models is one of the most important stages in their construction, since reliability of results of subsequent modeling largely depends on the successful implementation of verification. The paper considers the problem of verifying cause-and-effect relationships in cognitive models based on the use of fuzzy cognitive maps. It is noted that increasing the effectiveness of cognitive model verification is possible by activating analyst's cognitive potential. The most natural way of such activation is to increase cognitive clarity of the model through the use of visualization capabilities. For this purpose, a number of metaphors for visualizing fuzzy cognitive maps have been proposed, aimed at increasing their cognitive clarity during verification. Each of the metaphors is focused on the visualization of a certain type of fragments of a fuzzy cognitive map potentially containing errors, redundancy or incompleteness and therefore of interest from the point of view of verification. The first considered visualization metaphor is intended to display the cycles that are part of a cognitive graph. The second metaphor focuses on the mapping of transitive paths between concepts. Finally, the third metaphor is aimed at eliminating cognitive model incompleteness, which consists in the lack of relationships between some concepts. Examples are given of applying the proposed visualization metaphors to increase cognitive clarity of the visual image of the verified fuzzy cognitive map.


Microwave photonic (MWP) processing of impulse radio ultra wideband (IR-UWB) waveforms is the most critical stage in IR-UWB over fiber (IR-UWBoF) systems with optical and/or wireless transmission. In these systems, a centralized optical processing hub is the only place where a power efficient IR-UWB signal can be generated prior to optical distribution to an optical-wireless interface. In this work, very accurate analytical expressions for the photodetected optical power of photonically generated IR-UWB waveforms are derived and maximized, considering two common types of IR-UWB waveforms. Numerical simulations show excellent agreement with the obtained analytical expressions and provide useful design insights as well as guidelines in the development of IR-UWBoF systems.


C5 petroleum resin were prepared through maleic anhydride modify C5 petroleum resin.The effects of maleic anhydride dosage,initiator dosage and reaction time were studied on the modify result by single factor.The experiment were optimized by orthogonal design,and the optimum conditions were obtained as follows: maleic anhydride dosage was 8%,initiator dosage was 1.5%,reaction time was 2h.The results showed that the adhesion was 0.87Mpa,the softening point was 142℃ in the conditions.


Artificial neural network is a computational intelligence technique that has found major applications in engineering and science. One of them is to design short-term load forecasting systems (STLF) which due to its complicated and nonlinear nature, the study of these systems requires an efficient computational tool which neural networks can do it well. In this paper we explore the use of neural networks to study the design of STLF Systems. We use the three important architectures of neural networks named Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP), Elman Recurrent Neural Network (ERNN) and Radial Basis Function Network (RBFN) to model STLF systems. The results show that RBFN networks have the minimum forecasting error and are the best method to model the STLF systems.


Photosynthetic characteristics and main impact factors were measured in different seasons,and the data were analyzed by correlation and path coefficients,and different irradiances were measured in Hua'an County,Fujian Province,in order to study Guadua amplexifolia's photosynthesis characteristic,CO2 assimilation rate on different times in one day. The results indicated that light saturation point (LSP),light compensation point (LCP),dark respiration rates(Rd),and net photosynthesis at saturation light (Pnmax) all reached highest in July,lower in April and October,the lowest in January. In all seasons but April,daily course of net photosynthesis rate (Pn) had midday-depression pattern. The daily mean value of Pn was in the sequence AprilJulyOctoberJanuary. All environmental and physiological factors except for relative humidity (RH) had significant correlation with Pn,such as Tr,Ci,Gs,VPD,PAR,Tleaf and so on. The main environmental factors differed in every season. In January,leaf temperature (Tleaf) was the most important factor to Pn. But the effect of RH increased obviously in October. The effect of tested environmental factor to Pn was in the sequence VPDPARRHTleaf in the whole growth period.


Using the individual's RFID tag, this multi-limit patient screen continuously collects the patient's physiological basic indicators and filters them. This theoretical framework, as well as the Internet of Things (IOT), in clinical practice. In this article, we present an Internet of Things (IoT)-based system that monitors four vital signs (ECG, temperature, humidity, and heartbeat) by making use of sensors that are related to one another. The project is doing well thanks to the use of RFID names for the distinct individual information that may be stored on IOT. Information that should be kept private for therapeutic purposes is in grave risk of being disclosed, and several incidents with a similar theme have taken place during the course of the investigation. It is possible for individual clinical security information to be leaked to insurance working conditions, which not only compromises the privacy of individuals but also impedes the steady progress of the medical business. In this paper, in order to address clinical validation, we made use of the RFID development. The proprietor is required to login to the system, and the proprietor will either bring or not bring data from things talk, which is a place where appropriately all data moved by the stuff is compiled into one record and stored in the cloud. because the owner of the information may share it with another customer. After the customer has selected an option and logged into the system, they will be able to download data that has been directly sent by the owner.


Usually, the conclusions originated from field or green house experiments are obtained from Variance Analysis (ANOVA). However, the use of this technique demands two fundamental presuppositions: that the errors must be normally distributed and that the variance of the treatments must be homogeneous. However, most of the time, these exigencies are neglected due to lack of theoretical knowledge, fact that may lead the researcher to equivocated conclusions. Thus, it was made an analysis of an experimental data in entirely random blocks with four soil water treatments (25, 50, 75 e 100% of ETo) and four repetitions summing up 96 1 Doutor, professor UFCG/CES/UAE. E-mail: email@example.com 2 Ph.D, professor UC/FIA. E-mail: email@example.com 3 Ph.D, professor da UFCG/CTRN/UAEAg. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com 4 Doutor, profesor do IFRN. E-mail: email@example.com J. A. de Sousa et al. experimental unities of commercial avocado (Persea americana Mill.) Cv. Hass, in an area located in Los Molinos farm in the Vale do Peumo, Cachapoal Province, Chile, with UTM coordinates: 299526 E, 6191981 N. It was observed that the presuppositions diagnoses added to Box-Cox transformations proportionated a viable, robust and reliable analysis of the experiment final data.


PurposeAs it is widely known, corrosion constitutes a major deterioration factor for reinforced concrete (RC) structures which are located on coastal areas. This phenomenon combined with repeated loads, as earthquake events, negatively affects their service life. Moreover, microstructure of steel reinforcing bars has significant impact either on their corrosion resistance or on their fatigue life.Design/methodology/approachIn the present manuscript an effort has been made to investigate the effect of corrosive factor on fatigue response for two types of steel reinforcement; Tempcore steel reinforcing bars and a new generation dual phase (DP) steel reinforcement.FindingsThe findings of this experimental study showed that DP steel reinforcement led to better results regarding its capacity to bear repeated loads to satisfactory degree after corrosion, although this type of steel has less stringent mechanical properties.Originality/valueAdditionally, a fatigue damage material indicator is proposed as a parameter that could rank material quality and its suitability for a certain application. The results of this investigation showed that the fatigue damage indicator can be used as an appropriate index in order to evaluate the overall performance of materials, in terms of strength and ductility capacity.


Treatment of acylated adenosine N-oxides with carboxylic anhydrides and thiophenol resulted in pyrimidine ring opening followed by exocyclic ring closure. Ammonolysis gave 5-amino-4-(5-substituted-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)-1-(beta-d-ribofuranosyl)imidazole derivatives, whereas iodine in methanol selectively unmasked the 5-amino group. Related flexible nucleoside analogues can be prepared from adenine-type precursors.


We unravel the evolution of structural, electronic, magnetic, and topological properties of graphene-like pristine, defected, and strained titanium nitride MXene with different functional groups (-F, -O, -H, and -OH) employing first-principles calculations. The formation and cohesive energies reveal their chemical stability. The MAX phase and defect free functionalized MXenes are metallic in nature except for oxygen terminated one, which is 100% spin polarized half-metallic. Additionally, the bare MXene is nearly half-metallic ferromagnet. The spin-orbit coupling significantly influences the bare MXene possessing band inversion. The strain effect sways the Fermi level thereby shifting it toward lower energy state under compression and toward higher energy state under tensile strain in Ti2NH2. These properties are reversed in Ti2N, Ti2NF2, and Ti2N(OH)2. The half-metallic nature changes to semi-metallic under 1% compression and is completely destroyed under 2% compression. In single vacancy defect, the band structure of Ti2NO2 remarkably transforms from half-metallic to semi-conducting (with large band gap of 1.73 eV) in 12.5% Ti, weakly semi-conducting in 5.5% Ti, and topological semi-metal in 12.5% oxygen. The 25% N defect changes the half-metallic to the metallic with certain topological features. Further, the 12.5% Co substitution in Ti2NO2 preserves the half-metallic character, whereas Mn substitution allows to convert half-metallic into weak semi-metallic preserving ferromagnetic character. However, Cr substitution converts half-metallic ferromagnetic to half-metallic anti-ferromagnetic state. The understanding made here on collective structural stability, and magnetic and topological phenomena in novel 2D MXenes open up their possibility in designing them for synthesis and thereby taking to applications.


The pyrazolyl cryptands [bpz.bpz.bpz](1) and [2.2.bpz](2) have been obtained in a one-step, non high-dilution macrobicyclization reaction, from a 1,1′-bipyrazole derivative; similarly, tripodal ligands (7)–(9) with pyrazole structure are described.


Each soil tillage system has its proper characteristics, which have distinct effects on the chemical, physical and biological soil properties, and may require adaptations of fertilization recommendations and management. This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of three maize cultivars with fertilizer application before and at sowing in two soil tillage systems. The experiment was carried out at the "Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas", UNESP, Botucatu-SP campus, from November 2003 to May 2004, in a Dystric Nitosol (FAO). The experimental design was in randomized blocks with split-split plots and four repetitions. The main plots consisted of two soil tillage systems (no-tillage and reduced tillage with chisel plow), the split-plots of fertilizer application time (surface fertilizer application 22 days before maize sowing and fertilizer application incorporated to soil simultaneously to maize sowing) and split-split-plots of maize cultivars (DKB 333B, CO 32 and AL Bandeirante), totalizing 12 treatments. The data of productivity, yield components and N, P and K contents in the leaf tissue were submitted to analysis of variance and multivariate analysis of Grouping and Principal Components. The soil tillage systems did not influence the performance of the maize crop, neither the timing of starter fertilizer application. The differences observed in the yield components and the maize crop performance were mainly due to genetic divergences among the maize cultivars.


The large diffusion of GIS is greatly improving the capacities of territorial analysis; yet these tools are increasing the weight of cartographic representations and the gap between the everyday's space and the space of town planning projects. GIS are certainly essential tools, but they require a reflection about their territorial effects. The maps of "intervisibility" which are produced this way are difficult to understand and address the issue of mediation. We propose to contribute to the reflection through experiments conducted in France. We successively used maps and photos within the framework of town planning projects; we are now able to propose a protocol which formalizes the interactions between the project space and the real-life space. This process is improving the dialogue and the decentralization; the landscape becomes a tool for urban development.


In this paper, we have simulated back-flashover at transmission line tower struck by lightning in the presence of corona emanated at the ground wire. In the simulations, three two-circuit 60-m high towers, separated by 400 m, with two overhead ground wires, and six phase conductors (two three-phase circuits) are employed. A simplified (engineering) model of corona discharge is applied to the analysis of transient voltages across insulators of transmission line. Back-flashover is assumed to occur at upper-, middle-, or lower phase. On the basis of computed results, the effect of corona space charge emanated from ground wires on transient voltages across insulators in the presence of back-flashover is discussed.


Despite the advanced technology and engineering that has gone onto the International Space Station and other space programmes, the measurement of the force experienced in the spacecraft is tested using a method that is well over 350 years old. The time of oscillation of a simple pendulum, as often investigated in school physics, provides the basis for comparing the forces experienced by astronauts with the force of gravity we experience on Earth and recognise as 'weight'


Chinese rural credit union is faced with some contradiction about cooperate and business, noproduc-tiveness and business. But also it has very rigorous problem in management system and property right system. The key that rural credit union reform consist in strengthenning the function of its service, and put the positive central government and the local government's position, following implement the reformation, establish a series of the reformation measure.


Superantigens like the Staphylococcus enterotoxin A (SEA) can direct cytotoxic T lymphocytes expressing certain T cell receptor Vβ regions to lyse MHC class II-positive target cells. This superantigen-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (SDCC) has been extended to MHC class II-negative tumour cells by targeting T cells via conjugates of a tumour-specific monoclonal antibody (moAb) and a superantigen. In the present study the MHC class II-negative human melanoma cell lines G361 and MaRi were tested for susceptibility to SDCC in vitro. Antibodies recognizing the disialoganglioside GD3 and the CD10 antigen were linked to SEA either by a recombinant protein A–SEA fusion protein or an anti-κ moAb–SEA chemical conjugate. Specific lysis of melanoma cells was dose- and effector to target (E:T) cell ratio-dependent. Introduction of a point mutation into the SEA gene (producing SEAm9) in order to reduce MHC II affinity of the superantigen, which has already been shown to severely diminish superantigen-dependent binding and lysis of MHC class II-positive cells, did not influence antibody-targeted SDCC. Cytotoxicity was equal with both antibodies (anti-GD3 and anti-CD10) and independent of whether protein A–SEA, protein A–SEAm9 or anti-κ–SEA were used.


Royal Mail has implemented a raft of automation solutions to help improve its efficiency – and has benefitted to the tune of £4.5 million in 2018/19 alone


In the [ Pt / Co ] 4 / MgO / [ Co / Pt ] 2 perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions, we have observed antiferromagnetic interlayer coupling when the spacer thickness is larger than 12 A, and a transition to ferromagnetic coupling for lower MgO thickness. The dependence of the interlayer coupling strength on the MgO spacer thickness is well fitted by the theory of free-electron model, providing an unambiguous experimental proof for interlayer exchange coupling theory. The thermal behavior of interlayer coupling shows a translation from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic coupling at 145 K. It can be mainly ascribed to the temperature-dependent enhancement of the magnetization of the ferromagnetic layers.


This article analyzes the growth of the vapor bubble in a novel model of power-law nanofluids (Al2O3/H2O) under a new effect of variable surface tension. The governing equations of the rising vapor bubble flow model are formulated and converted to a single equation describing the bubble dynamics behavior. By employing the model of Plesset and Zwick method, we investigate a new model of equations within power-law nanofluids to examine the effect of different physical parameters such as initial superheating liquid, critical bubble radius, and thermal diffusivity on the vapor bubble formation. Furthermore, the effects of surface tension behavior with the initial bubble radius, time, and initial rate of bubble radius are examined. It is found that the growth of the vapor bubble radius increases with the increase of initial superheating liquid, critical bubble radius, and thermal diffusivity. In addition, the connection between shear stress and shear rate is analyzed in detail. Using appropriate values for the physical parameters, the behavior of solutions of the vapor bubble is discussed. Based on the conducted simulation analysis, the behavior of the solutions is found to be more accurate than those in the previous studies. Besides, the obtained results demonstrate that the vapor bubble in power-law nanofluids grows slower than in pure water.


The battle of Svoldr is one of the most outstandi ng mo- ments in saga tradition, which preserves memory about Viking Age Scandinavia. The fame of the battle was strictly co nnected with particu- lar personas involved in the conflict, among them t he Norwegian king Olafr Tryggvason played the most significant role. The battle itself and its circumstances proved that Olafr was a great, warlik e, valiant and at the same time deeply Christian to do monarch, whose death was compared to martyrdom. The saga authors, thoroughly describing all events connected with the battle of Svoldr, included also Sigvaldi, the jarl of Jomsborg, in their narratives. According to most accounts, the jarl was member of coalition, Olafr Tryggvason's enemies, who planned to trap the Norwegian king, depriving him of life a nd power. Sig- valdi's role was to pretend Olafr's friend and ally and lead him from Vindland, where he stayed, directly into trap. The saga authors created their narratives about Sigvaldi and his rol e in the events of the year 1000, quoting particular skaldic stanzas, which were used to corroborate their prose accounts. The analysis of t hese verses leads to conclusion that the saga authors felt completely free in using them, differently and very often mistakenly understanding their content. Partic- ular stanzas, quoted in the saga narratives, analys ed once more, seem in fact to refer to completely different persons and/o r events, having noth- ing in common with either Sigvaldi or Olafr Tryggva son's last battle. The issue of the role and importance of prosimetrum - the relation between poetical and prosaic modes in the Old Norse narratives, concentrates much specialists' debate. Scholars agr ee nowadays, that the begin- nings of the usage of prosimetrum in Scandinavia ar e rather obscure, 1 although there are assumptions that they should be traced ba ck to the time of composi-


In revising the introductory database course for IT and CS undergraduate students, a real world project was incorporated as a series of assignments following the database design process. This provided students the opportunity to gain hands-on experience applying theoretical concepts learnt in class directly in their assignments. Model answers provided students feedback and a realization of expectations in a real project. Also, the initial assignment, which elicited requirements by researching an existing enterprise information system and interacting with real-users of the information system, provided an opportunity for students to interact and exposure to real clients of an information system. The project, unlike previous approaches, consists of a set of individual assignments assessed by both instructors and/or tutors. The process of developing the project as a series of assignments is discussed. Initially, the redesigned course is being offered to a cohort of students in the first semester of 2007. Overall the course delivers a sound theoretical background of relational databases and providing an opportunity to apply students' knowledge and skills gained in design and developing a relational database for a real-world enterprise using a commercial relational database management system.


On April 2, 2008 the European Commission (Commission) published a White Paper on damage actions for breach of Articles 81 and 82 EC (White Paper),1 putting forward "a set of recommendations to ensure that victims of competition law infringements have access to truly effective mechanisms for claiming full compensation for the harm they have suffered".2 The White Paper is accompanied by a Commission Staff Working Paper on Damages Actions for Breach of the EC antitrust rules,3 which provides more detailed analysis on which the White Paper is based. While being clothed as an initiative to ensure compensation for victims of an unlawful action, the White Paper essentially aims to strengthen the private enforcement of Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty4 (Articles 81 and 82 EC), hence affecting the enforcement framework of antitrust rules in the European Union. The purpose of this article is not to add to the already large amount of literature analysing the specific recommendations in the White Paper (or the options discussed in the years preceding the White Paper) with respect to their August 2009 European Competition Journal 515


A heat insulator made of shape memory polymer foam which has good moldability and changes greatly in elastic modulus above and below its glass transition point, and a heat insulator as mentioned above in which the polymer foam is polyurethane produced by prepoly mer process from a composition containing a blowing agent, said composition being composed of a difunc tional diisocyanate, a difunctional polyol, and a difunc tional chain extender containing active hydrogen in a molar ratio of 2.001.10:1.00:1.00-0.10, said polyure thane containing approximately equal amounts of NCO groups and OH groups at the terminals of the molecular chains and having a glass transition point of -50 to 60' C. and crystallinity of 3 to 50 wt %.


Introduction: Intellectual disability and specific cognition in down syndrome (DS) affect language development and processing. We assessed vocabulary and syntax reception among children with DS with typically developed (TD) Persian-speaking Iranian children. We also investigated the association between vocabulary and syntax reception in children with DS.
Materials and Methods: Using the Stanford–Binet intelligence scales test, 18 TD children (4-6 years old) and 18 DS children were matched based on non-verbal mental age. Vocabulary reception was assessed using the receptive picture vocabulary test (RPVT) and syntax reception by the Persian syntax comprehension test.
Results: Mean total vocabulary reception was lower in children with DS (P<0.001). Syntax reception was also impaired in children with DS compared to the normal values of the test. Among children with DS, vocabulary reception was positively correlated with syntax reception. Every unit increase in total vocabulary reception score was associated with 0.08 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.04-0.12) improvement in syntax score in children with DS.
Conclusion: Vocabulary and syntax reception in DS children, especially complex syntax structures, was impaired. The observed association between vocabulary and syntax reception shows that vocabulary reception improvement might result in progressing syntax reception in children with DS.


This paper presents a novel method for color image enhancement based on the discrete quaternion Fourier transform. We choose the quaternion Fourier transform, because it well-suited for color image processing applications, it processes all 3 color components (R,G,B) simultaneously, it capture the inherent correlation between the components, it does not generate color artifacts or blending , finally it does not need an additional color restoration process. Also we introduce a new CEME measure to evaluate the quality of the enhanced color images. Preliminary results show that the α-rooting based on the quaternion Fourier transform enhancement method out-performs other enhancement methods such as the Fourier transform based α-rooting algorithm and the Multi scale Retinex. On top, the new method not only provides true color fidelity for poor quality images but also averages the color components to gray value for balancing colors. It can be used to enhance edge information and sharp features in images, as well as for enhancing even low contrast images. The proposed algorithms are simple to apply and design, which makes them very practical in image enhancement.


SOUZA LH. Acute flutter effects and thoracic compression over the secretion removal and impedance of the respiratory system in patients with bronchiectasis. [thesis]. Ribeirão Preto: University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, 2017. INTRODUCTION: Bronchiectasis is characterized by abnormal and permanent bronchi dilatation, mainly caused by the progression of inflammatory processes and loss of the ability to clear mucus. Physical therapy is a fundamental part of these patients' treatment. In this study we aimed to evaluate the effects of the flutter technique and thoracic compression on the mucus clearance and alterations in the total impedance of the respiratory system in individuals with bronchiectasis. METHODS: In a crossover randomized blinded study, subjects with bronchiectasis and healthy (control) ones were evaluated before and after control sections, flutter exercises, or thoracic compression (TC) manoeuvres. Dry and total weights, adhesiveness, and purulence of the expectorated mucus secretions were evaluated. For respiratory system impedance measurements, impulse oscillometry was used to evaluate the resistance at 5Hz, reactance at 5Hz, and resonant frequency. Additional factors that were evaluated included the dyspnoea scale of the Medical Research Council, acceptability and tolerance scale, pulse oximetry, expectoration difficulty, and bronchiectasis severity index. RESULTS: The flutter technique and TC were efficient for mucus clearance when compared with control (p <0.05). Acute total respiratory system resistance variation responded more favourably to the flutter technique in the bronchiectasis group when compared to the control group (p <0.05). Both techniques were well tolerated by the participants. CONCLUSION: Results suggest that the flutter technique and thoracic compression are efficient methods for removal of mucus secretions. They are safe and well tolerated by patients; acute effects in the total respiratory system resistance respond favourably to the flutter technique.


The paper analyzed function requirements of electrical control system of roadheader,put forward a design scheme of a novel electrical control system for boom-type roadheader which takes Power Panel and PCC as controllers,and introduced software and hardware designs of the novel control system and its implementation method in details.The novel electrical control system takes PCC as lower computer and Power Panel as upper computer,and has functions of automatic forming of mine laneway section,constant power auto-traction and speed regulation of cutting arm,auto-detection of body position,directional excavation and full-function remote control,which realizes computer control of laneway automatic cutting and directional excavation system and lays a foundation for automatization and intellgence of boom-type roadheader.The actual running result showed that the system has perfect control effect.


the bladder is opened. By touch and estimating the amount the rubber catheter has been withdrawn from the urethra after the end of the ureter begins to enter the bladder, it is possible to make an exact enough estimation. The new ureter is, of course, several centimetres shorter than the old. A very considerable truncation is, however, by no means incompatible with a successful result. Indeed, a muscular tube has no more a fixed length than a migrating earthworm, which becomes thinner and longer and then thicker and shorter as it goes on its way. The use of the rubber catheter tends to prevent the ureter pulling itself out of its new bed in the early post-operative stages. Later the tonus or posture of the longitudinal and circular muscle-fibres adjusts itself to the altered conditions. SUMMARY An accidentally severed ureter should, if at all possible, be reimplanted into the bladder through the existing channel. While the ureter may be inadvertently ligatured at any point of its pelvic course, it is usually cut close to the bladder wall. Thus by means of the slack gained by eliminating the pelvic curve, together with the power of tonic lengthening inherent in the organ itself, the anastomosis is feasible in the majority of cases. A simplified method of carrying out the operation is described.


Presents a new processing algorithm for spotlight SAR data. The spotlight mode offers the potential of achieving very high geometric resolution. The extended chirp scaling (ECS) processing performs a subaperture approach combined with azimuth scaling and a new frequency scaling for range cell migration correction (RCMC). The subaperture processing and the effect of the frequency scaling are discussed. Simulation results demonstrate the precision processing in high resolution mode.


This article presents a survey of the articles published in the Chinese Science and Technology Translators Journal(CSTTJ) from 2004 to 2009.The purpose is to describe the development of translation studies in China in the six consecutive years,highlighting the CSTTJ's important role in promoting translation studies in China.


We discuss the implications and nonimplications between four rate-of-growth properties of sets useful in certain areas of recursion theory; all nonimplications are established within the boolean algebra generated by the recursively enumerable sets. If S is an infinite set of natural numbers, we denote by ps that strictly increasing function (the so-called principal function of S) from the set TV of all natural numbers into N whose range is S. In the present paper, S and T (with or without subscripts) always denote infinite subsets of N. For any function /, 8f denotes the domain off. 2° denotes the class of all recursively enumerable subsets of N, while n° denotes {SiTV S G 2°}. By a d.r.e. set, we mean one which is the difference of two elements of 2°. S denotes the Turing degree of S, and S denotes the complement of S in N. Let <<p,-> be some standard recursive enumeration of the partial recursive functions of one argument. As usual, p. denotes the least number operator. We wish to catalog the various implications and nonimplications among the universal quantifications of the following four "rate-of-growth" conditions which have been studied in [1], [2], [5], [6], and various other places in the recursion-theoretic literature; in the case of each noTiimplication, we shall locate a counterexample within one or another familiar subclass of the 3V n V3 level of the arithmetical hierarchy. [IMS)] (3m)(Vn > m)[n S 5p5(n) > ^(n)]; [Df(S)] (3m)(Vn > m)[Ps(n) E fy-^/^/i + 1) > [/>«■ (S)]. Let D(S) mean (Vi)[D,(S)]; similarly for the notations "D*(S)'\ "D**(S)", "UH(S)". (We have chosen the notation "UH" since the condition UH(S) has several times been referred to in the literature as uniform hyperimmunity of S; in the other cases, "D" is for domination.) We begin by stating a result from [1] which is just a bit weaker than one of the facts we shall need: Received by the editors April 6, 1977. AMS (A/OS) subject classifications (1970). Primary 02F99.


This document will detail the calculation and design of a building applying the method of rigidities or matrix calculation where the diagrams of axial forces, shear forces and bending moments. For the use of the rigidities method in this proposed problem we will begin with a pre-design to obtain our sections and apply it to the most critical portico, then proceed to obtain the inertias, flexural rigidities of each element that make up the building (beams and Columns). In rigidities we will obtain flexural stiffness k, reciprocal flexural stiffness a, reciprocal flexural stiffness b, reciprocal lateral stiffness t. These rigidities we will have according to each element is beam or column, then proceed to restrict the columns throughout our building and proceed to release from the top floor knot to knot. From which we will obtain the displacements of each knot, applying the formula of Maney we will form our equations, applied the formulas we will find final moments. And we will proceed to realize our concrete design for the beams and columns according to the Ecuadorian norms of contricion NEC-2015
 For the determination of the static method we will stick to the chapters of the NEC-2015 from which we will use the NEC-SD-DS standard. In this standard we apply the method to calculate the basal shear acting on the base of the structure and distributed as horizontal forces acting on each level of the proposed building. We will have a table where we will detail the weights of each level of floor that will be listed from the fourth floor to the ground floor. In addition we will locate the building in a type of soil favorable to effect our proposed problem.


In constructing a smart court, to provide intelligent assistance for achieving more efficient, fair, and explainable trial proceedings, we propose a full-process intelligent trial system (FITS). In the proposed FITS, we introduce essential tasks for constructing a smart court, including information extraction, evidence classification, question generation, dialogue summarization, judgment prediction, and judgment document generation. Specifically, the preliminary work involves extracting elements from legal texts to assist the judge in identifying the gist of the case efficiently. With the extracted attributes, we can justify each piece of evidence's validity by establishing its consistency across all evidence. During the trial process, we design an automatic questioning robot to assist the judge in presiding over the trial. It consists of a finite state machine representing procedural questioning and a deep learning model for generating factual questions by encoding the context of utterance in a court debate. Furthermore, FITS summarizes the controversy focuses that arise from a court debate in real time, constructed under a multi-task learning framework, and generates a summarized trial transcript in the dialogue inspectional summarization (DIS) module. To support the judge in making a decision, we adopt first-order logic to express legal knowledge and embed it in deep neural networks (DNNs) to predict judgments. Finally, we propose an attentional and counterfactual natural language generation (AC-NLG) to generate the court's judgment.


Dercum's disease (Dercum's syndrome, neurolipomatosis) is a rare and inadequately studied chronic disease that is characterized by subcutaneous fatty deposits in different parts of the trunk and accompanied by compression-ischemic neuropathy of the cutaneous branches of peripheral nerves with pain syndrome, pathological fatigue, and obesity. The most common site of subcutaneous deposits is the upper extremities, elbows, anterior abdominal wall, buttocks, thighs, and knees. However, Dercum's disease is systemic and can be manifested by a wide range of symptoms and it frequently recurs, including after surgical removal of lipomas. The paper presents a case of the late diagnosis of neurolipomatosis in a 23-year-old male. It considers the etiology, pathogenesis, and diagnosis of the disease and current approaches to its treatment. A better understanding of the characteristic clinical syndrome of painful lipomatosis will assist in the early diagnosis of the disease and in the prevention of inadequate therapy cases.


In this paper, we define a new type of covering approximation space which is called product approximation space of two covering approximation spaces. Based on the important concepts of neighborhood and complementary neighborhood in covering rough set theory, we define four pairs of lower and upper approximation operators on this type of approximation space and thoroughly investigate their properties. Finally, we give a practical example to show the importance of the approximation space and the lower and upper approximation operators.


The results of structural concrete body strength tested by the current regulation for rebound method are often with considerable error due to the unusual carbonation of concrete element,the difference of concrete quality between the surface layer and insider,or variation of the mortar content. The author proposed the method to avoid or reduce the influence factors based on test experience of many years.


Through unconfined compressive strength tests and triaxial compression tests made by sea water wet fly ash and cement fly ash solidified,and the analysis of the formation mechanism of the material strength of water wet solidified fly ash,this paper presents the basic mechanical properties and indexes of the sea water wet fly ash stabilized by cement.In light of the analysis of the affecting factors,such as different ages,cement contents of stabilizing agents and curing conditions,this paper puts forward the principles of strength variation of the sea water wet fly ash stabilized by cement under different conditions.The results show that the sea water wet fly ash stabilized by cement has good stability and durability,the mixing curing mixture strength grows stably along with the stable age growth and the strength increases by adding cement content.This pilot research is theoretically and practically important for the retaining structure,embankment reinforcement and ground improvement.


Background: Recent studies have demonstrated a positive relationship between periodontal disease, and adverse pregnancy outcome including preterm delivery and preeclampsia. Most randomized controlled clinical trials reveal that early periodontal intervention in pregnancy reduced adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth, miscarriage, and low weight newborn. There are no studies on the effects of periodontal intervention on preeclampsia. Objective: To determine the effects of periodontal intervention on pregnancy outcome in preeclamptic women. Methods: Fifty seven patients with mild preeclampsia with blood pressure levels ³ 160/110 mmHg from the Hospital Universitario del Valle were included. Preeclamptic women were randomized in two groups, one in which periodontal intervention was performed after inclusion and another – control group (PNIG) in which the periodontal intervention was practiced after child delivery. Maternal socio-demographic, medical and periodontal data were gathered. Periodontal intervention group (PIG) included patients subjected to supragingival and subgingival cleaning with ultrasonic and manual devices in one appointment without clorhexidine. The periodontal parameters, premature delivery rate and the birth-weight rate were evaluated in both groups. Results: Average age was 24.7 ± 6.4 years old. Gestational age average at inclusion was of 32.3 ± 1.6 weeks. Most of the recruited patients were nonparous. Chronic periodontitis was a frequent event (72%). Most social, demographic and periodontal conditions were similar between the groups but age (p = 0.03), proteinuria (0.049) and nulliparity (p = 0.02). Periodontal parameters improved among treated group and the percentile of birth-weight adjusted by gestational age showed not differences between groups (median percentile 47 range 5-90 PIG versus percentile 45 range 5-95). Conclusion: Periodontitis is common in mild preeclampsia patients. Periodontal intervention improved periodontal clinical parameters but do not reduce premature birth and low birth weight rates.


Jammu and Kashmir Entrepreneurship Development Institute (JKEDI) strives to developEntrepreneurship and entrepreneurship culture in the State of Jammu and Kashmir throughAwareness generation, entrepreneurship education, skill up gradation, knowledgedissemination, Attitudinal modification and developing linkages with National andInternational organizations to make entrepreneurship the most important component of StateEconomy. The institute is committed to self sustenance, positive and healthy workenvironment, team work, quality improvement, excellence and professionalism in all aspectsof its working. This paper provides a complete look about Entrepreneurship AwarenessProgrammes (EAPs), and Entrepreneurship Development Programmes (EDPs), Conducted bythe JKEDI and various schemes offered to entrepreneurs so that they feel secured andconfidential in their process of venture establishment and adopt entrepreneurship as a career.The paper also provides a look on the achievements made under different schemes such asseed capital fund scheme, youth startup loan scheme, term loans and education loans schemeof JKEDI.


............................................................................................................................. ii Thesis Declaration ............................................................................................................ iii Acknowledgements .......................................................................................................... iv List of Acronyms ............................................................................................................. vii List of Figures ................................................................................................................. viii List of Tables ................................................................................................................... viii 1 General Introduction ..................................................................................................... 1 2 Threats and lessons learned from past orangutan conservation strategies in Sarawak, Malaysia ......................................................................................................... 4 2.1. Abstract .............................................................................................................. 4 2.2. The global status of Bornean orangutans ........................................................... 7 2.3. Pressures on Bornean orangutans ..................................................................... 8 2.4. Extending protected areas as a conservation response in Sarawak ................ 10 2.5. Shortfalls in orangutan conservation responses in Sarawak ............................ 11 2.6. Successes of recent initiatives: Lessons learned and recommendations ......... 13 2.7. Conclusion........................................................................................................ 16 3 Population estimates of Bornean orangutans using Bayesian analysis at the greater Batang Ai-Lanjak-Entimau landscape in Sarawak, Malaysia ...................... 18 3.1. Abstract ............................................................................................................ 18 3.2. Introduction....................................................................................................... 21 3.3. Results ............................................................................................................. 22 3.4. Discussion ........................................................................................................ 24 3.5. Conclusion........................................................................................................ 27 3.6. Methods ........................................................................................................... 27 4 Occupancy modelling of orangutan distribution at the greater Batang Ai-LanjakEntimau landscape in Sarawak, Malaysia ................................................................. 36 4.1. Abstract ............................................................................................................ 36 4.2. Introduction....................................................................................................... 38 4.3. Results ............................................................................................................. 39 4.4. Discussion ........................................................................................................ 40 4.5. Conclusion........................................................................................................ 42 4.6. Methods ........................................................................................................... 43 5 General Conclusions ................................................................................................... 52 References ....................................................................................................................... 55 Supplementary Materials ................................................................................................ 64


We analyze the effects that real-time domestic and foreign news about fundamentals have on the co-movement between stock returns of a small, open economy, Portugal, and a large economy, the United States. Consistent with our theoretical model, we find that US macroeconomic news and Portuguese earnings news do not affect stock market co-movement, whereas Portuguese macroeconomic news lowers stock market co-movement. We find that US news affects Portuguese stock market returns, though less so when US stock market returns are included in the regression. We provide evidence, contrary to common wisdom, that this last result does not derive from contagion. Copyright 2009, Oxford University Press.


The context in which a moving object moves contributes to the movement pattern observed. Likewise, the movement pattern reflects the properties of the movement context. In particular, big events influence human mobility depending on the dynamics of the events. However, this influence has not been explored to understand big events. In this paper, we propose a methodology for learning about big events from human mobility pattern. The methodology involves extracting and analysing the stopping, approaching, and moving-away interactions between public transportation vehicles and the geographic context. The analysis is carried out at two different temporal granularity levels to discover global and local patterns. The results of evaluating this methodology on bus trajectories demonstrate that it can discover occurrences of big events from mobility patterns, roughly estimate the event start and end time, and reveal the temporal patterns of arrival and departure of event attendees. This knowledge can be usefully applied in transportation and event planning and management.


The authors are retracting Journal of Experimental Biology (2020) 223, [jeb211904][1] ([doi:10.1242/jeb.211904][2]).

The authors no longer have full confidence in their results because of inconsistencies in data collection. Technical issues led to unreliable data recording, which then led to


The problem in this study is the underpass in the new Seban Galaxy club volleyball game which is still not good and correct due to the lack of varied underpass training methods. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was an effect of the downward to the wall passing modification exercise on increasing the ability to pass under the club galaxy suban baru. This type of research is an experiment. The population in this study amounted to 20 people. The sampling technique in this study used a total sampling technique, the sample in this study consisted of 20 players. The data collection technique used the lower passing ability test. The data analysis technique uses the t-test formula with a significance level of 0.05%. Based on the results of research that has been conducted on club volleyball players in the new Galaxy Suban, the average pretest result is 14.8 and the post-test average is 18.05. From the results of the t-test, it can be seen that t count t table with t count of 2.912 and t table 2.028 (df 19) so that it can be concluded that there is a significant effect on passing drills down to the wall towards improving the ability to pass under the new suban galaxy club.


Statement of the problem. Ukraine is presently going through a severe structural crisis. Consolidating its populace on the foundation of efficient public administration in the area of Ukrainian national identity formation will enable its escape. To date, there is a need to determine the theoretical foundations of public administration in the field of the formation of national identity. Its goal is to unite Ukrainian society, which is now split along regional, racial, religious and social lines. Analysis of recent research and publications. Among the foreign scientific literature on the outlined problems, the works of the following scientists, namely: Kh. Arendt, P. Berger, E. Bubuer, E. Giddens, E. Smith, H. Ortega-i-Gasset, E. Hobs- bawm, F. Fukuyama, R. Shporliuk and others deserve special attention. It is advisable to note generalizing studies on this issue by the following Ukrainian researchers, namely: V. Maiboroda, Yu. Rymarenko, M. Rozumnyi, M. Stepyko, O. Zabuzhko, M. Riabchuk, G. Kasianov, M. Kozlovets, O. Kozubenko, N. Kovtun, H. Nykytiuk, O. Rudakevych, Marynovych, V. Kremin, V. Tkachenko and others. Highlighting previously unsolved parts of a common problem. Development of the theoretical foundations of public administration for the construction of Ukrainian national identity entails combining various national identity-formation strategies based on political and ethnic nationalism. The purpose of the study is to determine the theoretical foundations of public administration in the field of the formation of Ukrainian national identity. Statement of the basic material. National identity is a basic collective identity, which includes other collective identities and serves as the basis for the formation of a nation. E. Smith considers the following main features of national identity: 1) historical territory, or native land; 2) common myths and historical memory; 3) common mass and public culture; 4) common legal rights and obligations for all members; 5) common economy with the ability to move within the national territory. National identity is a collective identity that encompasses the entire population of a given territory and connects different regions of the country. National identity also unites representatives of different religions and ethnic groups, where a common historical memory serves as a necessary basis for understanding national unity and the prospects for the development of the nation. National identity also implies awareness of a single political community within one state. Thus, a nation arises as a community of people who obey common laws and institutions within a given territory. After independence, Ukraine was dominated by a liberal theoretical approach. It provided for the formation of a "political nation", where the main subject of politics and public administration was a person. The main subject of state policy was the protection of human rights and freedoms. However, this theoretical approach ignored the collective rights of Ukrainians as a titular nation. The Ukrainian people were alienated from property and power in the state. Therefore, ethnic Ukrainians usually treat their state as a foreign political institution and demonstrate a low level of trust in it. The Russian aggression of 2014–2023 showed the shortcomings of the concept of a "political nation". The Russian national minority in Crimea and Donbas largely supported Russia's annexation of Ukraine. And representatives of other national minorities also focus mainly on their historical homelands. National identity implies the formation of a nation as an ethnic community or territorial community based on citizenship. The concept of the state is associated primarily with state institutions, which have a monopoly on the enforcement and collection of taxes within the territory. Instead, the nation means, first of all, cultural and political ties that unite in a single political community all those who have a common historical culture and homeland. Therefore, it is necessary to combine theoretical approaches to the formation of a political nation and an ethnic nation, basing national identity on a certain system of spiritual values and ideals. The Ukrainian national notion may serve as the primary theoretical foundation for the development of national identity. Conclusion and directions for future research. Ukraine is characterized by the vagueness and ambivalence of national identity, which indicates the incompleteness of the processes of formation of the Ukrainian nation. Therefore, today Ukraine needs to develop the theoretical foundations of public administration in the field of forming Ukrainian national identity to complete the process of forming the Ukrainian nation, to give the Ukrainian character to its state successfully. National identity is a basic collective identity, which includes other collective identities (territorial, regional, class, religious, ethnic, political, geopolitical, and civilizational), and serves as the basis for the formation of a modern nation as a post-industrial community. Combining the ideas of "civil nation" and "ethnic nation" should serve as the theoretical foundation for how national identity is formed in Ukraine. The completion of the formation of the Ukrainian political community as a territorial nation based on citizenship, which relies on the cultural and historical heritage of the Ukrainian titular nation, will be made possible by the development of Ukrainian national identity based on a combination of ethnic and political nation concepts while preserving the national and cultural autonomy of its national minorities. The spiritual components must be emphasized when creating a national identity. A particular set of spiritual values and ideals that can be established based on the spiritual component of the Ukrainian national notion is said to be the foundation of national identity.


Depressive disorders have many faces in clinical features, long-term course, prognosis, and the patients with depressive disorders are not homogeneous group. So, there have been many subtypes of depression suggested and described by clinicians and researchers. But, there is few evidences which support unique pathophysiology and clinical implication about each subtype. The treatment of various subtype of depression is not also specified according to scientific evidence. Nowadays, the rapid development of psychopharmacology and many new antidepressants are making it more possible for clinician to choose antidepressant according to the subtypes of depression and to the characteristics of patients. Therefore, we reviewed the clinical evidence of the treatment for various subtypes of depressive disorders and tried to recommend more efficient antidepressant treatment, although there is a few data for subtypes of depressive disorders. We concluded that the specific choice of antidepressant for each subtypes of depression is not yet possible, because the current subtyping of depression is not clear in many aspects, and the clinical trials have focused mainly in depression in a whole. From now on, more efforts is needed about the more specified subtyping and more specified treatment in order to get more efficacy, safety, and the satisfaction of patients with depressive disorders. Korean J Psychopharmacol 2010;21:5-13 Key WordszzDepressive disorder · Antidepressant · Subtype.


The highest nutrient use efficiency always occurs at the lower parts of the yield response curve, where fertilizer inputs are lowest, but effectiveness of fertilizers in increasing crop yields and optimizing farmer profitability should not be sacrificed for the sake of efficiency alone. The groundnut cultivar JL 24 was tried during 2012 with eleven ratios of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P2O5) fertilizers with potassium level as constant (25 kg K2O ha−1). The nutrient use efficiency like nitrogen and phosphorus efficiency and physiological efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus levels were taken during initial and harvesting stages of fertilizer and unfertilized treatments. These are increased due to increasing N/P fertilizer ratios from 0.00 to 1.00. N use efficiency varied from 1.27 (1.00) to 2.20 Kg N/kg (0.33 and 0.50) and P use efficiency ranged from 0.09 (0.40) to 0.21 Kg P2O5/kg (0.83) in different treatments and physiological efficiency of N varied from 9.67 (0.56) to 12.32 kg grain/kg N uptake (0.83) and physiological efficiency of P ranged from 63.15 (1.00) to 94.47 kg grain/kg P2O5 uptake (0.83) in different treatments was observed as compared to all other N/P fertilizer ratios.


Co-NQR measurements for non-centrosymmetric superconductor CeCoGe3 have been performed in ambient and under pressure up to 1.5 GPa to investigate the magnetic structures for the successive magnetic transition at TN1=21 K, TN2=12 K and TN3=8 K. In ambient pressure, the crystallographically equivalent one Co site becomes three sites at TN1 > T > TN2, and further becomes four sites at TN2 > T. Applying pressure at 4.2 K, the four Co sites becomes two sites above 0.3 Gpa. These Co sites acquire slightly different internal field parallel to the c-axis, consistent with the anisotropic magnetization with easy c-axis. The T-dependences of the internal fields and the spectral weights for respective sites are estimated. The magnetic structure in each phase is discussed referring to the recent results of neutron scattering.


How do we design measures of social bias that we trust? While prior work has introduced several measures, no measure has gained widespread trust: instead, mounting evidence argues we should distrust these measures. In this work, we design bias measures that warrant trust based on the cross-disciplinary theory of measurement modeling. To combat the frequently fuzzy treatment of social bias in NLP, we explicitly define social bias, grounded in principles drawn from social science research. We operationalize our definition by proposing a general bias measurement framework DivDist, which we use to instantiate 5 concrete bias measures. To validate our measures, we propose a rigorous testing protocol with 8 testing criteria (e.g. predictive validity: do measures predict biases in US employment?). Through our testing, we demonstrate considerable evidence to trust our measures, showing they overcome conceptual, technical, and empirical deficiencies present in prior measures.


In this paper, the optimal pump light power of optical phase conjugator (OPC) and the compensation characteristics of distorted WDM channel signals are numerically investigated, when the OPC with highly-nonlinear dispersion shifted fiber (HNL-DSF) not be placed at the mid-way of total transmission length. The total dispersion of former half section and latter half section is assumed to be same each other in this approach. It is confirmed that, in WDM transmission systems with OPC deviated from the mid-way, the pump light power for best compensation must be flexible selected depending on the OPC position. This optimal pump light power is gradually increased as the OPC is gradually closer to the receiver. Consequently, it is possible to establish the compensation system independent on the OPC position by setting optimal pump light power connected with the OPC position.


In this paper we describe the design of a (kind of) locomotion interface to the virtual environment for mobility training to enhance mobility skills of persons with limited vision. The design goal is to allow a user to walk on the device with limited size, and to give them the sensation of walking on an unconstrained plane to acquire spatial knowledge of an area. Many researchers have tried treadmill, a (kind of) locomotion device with unidirectional as well as omni-directional (Darken , Iwata , and Latham ). Our proposed device overcomes the major limitations of inability of simulation of actual movement of a person while using treadmills. The structure of the interface, and control principle of the device are presented along with the system and the software of locomotion interface. A discussion on the advantages and disadvantages of the interface is given.


The results on the properties of the stellar population of the central parts in nearby lenticular galaxies which are obtained with the multipupil fibre–field spectrograph of the 6 m telescope during the last 10 years are reported. Most S0 galaxies show prominent signs of nuclear star formation bursts some 3–5 Gyears ago; the unresolved nuclei are on average much younger than the surrounding bulges. Also the present author found that there is a link between the mean luminosity-weighted stellar population ages and the galaxy environment; in dense environments the stellar populations are older on average, both in the nuclei and in the bulges.


For years, in southwestern Morocco, the decline of the argan forest has been accompanied by the concomitant desert encroachment. Preservation of this forest by increasing the economic value of argan tree was proposed twenty years ago, but successful large scale production of certified, high quality argan oil, an edible oil introduced as a functional food, has only been recently achieved. Argan oil is now marketed in most developed countries, despite its elevated price, and protection of the argan forest is now seriously being considered. The aim of this work is to present the recent progress made in argan oil production, the ways explored to commercialize the oil extraction by-products, and recent attempts to use other argan tree parts as part of a long term aim to preserve the argan forest.


This paper presents adaptive dc-link voltage controlled LC coupling hybrid active filters for reduced switching losses and switching noise under the reactive power compensation. The adaptive DC link voltage controller for three phase four wire system LCHybrid Active power factor filters (LCHAPF) is proposed. In this proposed system the reactive power compensation range as well as dclink voltage can be adaptively changed according to different inductive loading situations. The simulation results of three phase four wire LC-Hybrid Active power filters are presented to verify the validate and the effectiveness of the adaptive dc-link voltage-controlled LC-HAPF for reactive power compensation.


OBJECTIVE:To establish the method for the content determination of hydroxyisogermafurenolide in Curcumae Rhizoma,and to compare the content difference of hydroxyisogermafurenolide in Curcumae Rhizoma from different habitats. METHODS:HPLC method was adopted. The separation was performed on Kromasil C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water(gradient elution)at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The detection wavelength was set at 214 nm and column temperature was 25 ℃. RESULTS:The linear range of hydroxyisogermafurenolide were 1.47-14.68 μg/m(lr=0.999 7).RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were all lower than 3%. The average recovery were 95.31%-95.80%(RSD were 0.07%-1.36%,n=3). The contents of hydroxyisogermafurenolide in same types of Curcumae Rhizoma from different habitats were different from that of Curcumae Rhizoma from same habitats at different periods. CONCLUSIONS:The method is well-separated,specific,reproducible,simple and feasible. It can be used for the content determination of hydroxyisogermafurenolide in Curcumae Rhizoma and improve the present quality standard of Curcumae Rhizoma.


Weather adversely impacts the flow of air traffic within the National Airspace System (NAS). Statistics show that weather is a contributing factor in about one third of aviation accidents and in about three quarters of air traffic delays. Over the last several years, significant work has been accomplished by federal agencies and the private sector in developing and fielding new systems and products designed to help mitigate the impacts of adverse weather. New systems for observing, processing, and disseminating weather information have increased the information available to decision-makers. New products that display graphical weather information are available and are making their way into the cockpit. Not only are these systems and products contributing to a safer NAS, they are contributing to more efficient flow of air traffic as well. The weather information being made available to traffic management personnel, pilots, dispatchers, and controllers is supporting more informed tactical and strategic decision making.


The hexagonal phase SrPtAs (s.g. P6/mmm; #194) with a honeycomb lattice structure very recently was declared as a new low-temperature (TC ~ 4.2K) superconductor. Here by means of first-principles calculations the optimized structural parameters, electronic bands, Fermi surface, total and partial densities of states, inter-atomic bonding picture, independent elastic constants, bulk and shear moduli for SrPtAs were obtained for the first time and analyzed in comparison with the related layered superconductor SrPt2As2.


Microwave digestion coupled with visible spectrophotometry was used to establish an analytical method for the determination of lecithin content in eggs.Eggs were homogenized and treated with ethanol to remove the phosphate protein, Followed by microwave digestion.The detection of lecithin was spectrometriacally performed at 400 nm.The mean spike recovery rates of the established method for lecithin in eggs from three species of poultry were above 90%with a coefficient of variation of less than 2%.This method displayed excellent accuracy and precision,had many advantages over the conventional method,such as less reagent consumption,ease of operation and low environmental pollution.Therefore,it might be an effective and practical method.


Attack transients or simply attacks, are zones of short duration and fast variation of the sound signal short-time spectrum such as at the attack of percussion instruments. There are many motivations for attack detection and modeling; improving general analysis techniques is one of them. A method and a program have been developed for detection, modeling and reconstruction of attacks. It is based on the detection of energy peaks appearing
simultaneously in several frequency bands of a time frequency representation. This program has been tuned and tested on a data base of percussive sounds and mixtures.


It is my view that healing takes place in a situation of intimacy around a vulnerable and damaged area and that, in order to have access to that area, the therapist must conduct himself as an ordinary and decent human being. He must have the capacity to 'be there'. This paper discusses what it means to 'be there' and examines why it is of such central importance in bringing about change. Included in this is the struggle to 'be there', that is, the intimate struggle between the therapist and patient, as well as the separate and private struggle that both therapist and patient have intrapersonally. A clinical example is given in illustration.


The total number, molar mass and hyper distributions generated by quenched instationary polymerization techniques are dominated by the radical chain length distribution (RCLD) whereas the contribution from the polymer chain length distribution (PCLD) is in most cases negligible. For the determination of the rate constant of propagation (k p ) the location of different extraordinary points of the distribution curves is determined by the use of the first and second derivatives. For the number, molar mass and hyper distributions these points are related in an unambiguous way to k p [M]tx and can be used to extract k p . The choice of t x (duration of the dark period, or an initiation period. or the sum of different periods) depends on the experimental conditions (δ-pulse, incomplete preeffect, combination of periods differing in initiation extent) and is essential for the proper determination of k p . The broadness of appearing peaks (introduced as the difference between two succesive points of inflections) turned out to remain the same inespective which type of distribution curve was analyzed. Analytical expressions for the peak broadness were derived for different types of quenched instationary polymerization conditions. For δ-pulse initiation the broadness of the Poisson peak depends simply on the number of propagation steps that occurred whereas for non-δ-pulse initiation conditions the peak broadness is governed by the corresponding duration of the initiation period.


Dimension reduction is an important tool for analyzing high-dimensional data. The predictor envelope is a method of dimension reduction for regression that assumes certain linear combinations of the predictors are immaterial to the regression. The method can result in substantial gains in estimation efficiency and prediction accuracy over traditional maximum likelihood and least squares estimates. While predictor envelopes have been developed and studied for independent data, no work has been done adapting predictor envelopes to spatial data. In this work, the predictor envelope is adapted to a popular spatial model to form the spatial predictor envelope (SPE). Maximum likelihood estimates for the SPE are derived, along with asymptotic distributions for the estimates given certain assumptions, showing the SPE estimates to be asymptotically more efficient than estimates of the original spatial model. The effectiveness of the proposed model is illustrated through simulation studies and the analysis of a geochemical data set. Keyword: Dimension Reduction, Envelope model, Major chemical elements, Rare earth elements, Spatial correlation. 1 ar X iv :2 20 1. 01 91 9v 1 [ st at .M E ] 6 J an 2 02 2


Node placement problems have been long investigated in the optimization field due to numerous applications in location science (facility location, logistics, services, etc) and classification (clustering). In this paper, we propose and implement a system based on Hill Climbing algorithm, called WMN-HC for mesh router node placement in WMNs. We evaluate the performance of the proposed system by different scenarios using giant component and number of covered mesh clients metrics. We compare the performance of WMN-HC for Normal and Uniform distribution of mesh clients. The simulation results show that the system performs better for Normal distribution.


Prior to the introduction of DSA, timeresolved X-ray angiography required film changers and darkrooms and provided an awkward mechanism for interventional radiology. DSA stimulated the development of the field of interventional radiology providing greater convenience and safety. Time resolved angiography was then extended to MRA using undersampled acquisition techniques such as TRICKS and VIPR. This was followed by the development of constrained reconstruction such as HYPR which, when combined with VIPR, provided undersampling factors of 800 relative to the traditional Nyquist requirements. The HYPR concept was subsequently applied to a broad range of medical imaging applications often offering an order of magnitude improvement in dose or acquisition speed. The success of the concepts of underampling and constrained reconstruction has led to what has been referred to as the Post-Nyquist Era of medical imaging. The concept of undersampling has recently been extended to DSA which now includes a non–timeresolved 3D DSA capability using rotational C-arm acquisition and cone beam reconstruction. By modifying the acquisition to include time-dependent projection information, it has been possible to develop 4D DSA which provides time-resolved DSA volumes up to 300 times faster than with sequential C-arm rotations. Relative to CTA, which requires exposure for each time frame, 4D DSA obtains up to 300 time-resolved volumes following a single C-arm rotation and a single contrast injection. Using similar ideas, 4D Fluoroscopy is under development and will provide a new interventional capability by providing views previously unobtainable due to C-arm geometrical constraints. This promises to increase the speed and safety of interventional procedures. The extension of undersampled acquisition and constrained reconstruction using iterative reconstruction techniques promises to further extend the possibilities for angiographic as well as other medical imaging applications. Keywords— angiography, time-resolved, constrained reconstruction, undersampled acquisition, 4D DSA


As we start 2017 after a most interesting 2016,1 hope you will grant me the liberty to take a few minutes of your time to read a viewpoint that is philosophical in nature. As faculty members and/or administrators, we continue to solve existing and new challenges as we strive for excellence in the education of our undergraduate students, doctor of pharmacy students, graduate students, residents, and post-doctoral fellows. We also continue to work to promote the success of our fellow academicians and their work in advancing the biomedical, pharmaceutical, clinical, and social administrative sciences necessary for promoting and enhancing pharmacy practice. Perhaps you have a different perspective, but I find it discouraging watching the increasing rhetoric and too many events demonstrating the lack of or unwillingness to value what each individual brings to his or her community. I reflect in these situations on what small things we can do as educators to demonstrate to those in our colleges and schools of pharmacy that we value each individual for their unique backgrounds, perspectives, beliefs, and talents and truly care for their individual successes and the collective successes of our institution. I respectfully propose we can make small changes by refocusing our thinking, thus providing the foundation for enhancing our understanding and caring for others. Understanding and care require deep listening, which can only occur if we are really present in our interactions with others. I would encourage us to have more personal interactions with our colleagues that don't involve computers or mobile devices, whether it is for one-on-one interactions, meetings or seminars. If we truly focus on listening to one another and what is happening in a meeting or seminar rather than a new e-mail or other work, then we will be able to better observe the non-verbal cues of others around us. Turning off or not bringing a personal electronic device is unlikely to change the course of any given day or project. Furthermore, all of us have experienced what we perceived to be a lack of caring or understanding when talking with another when they are focused more on their own phone or other mobile device. What potential new relationships could we develop or what new knowledge or perspective could we acquire if we were just to be in the present with those around us? I challenge each of you to start by having just one meeting per week where phones and other electronic devices are not allowed. Use that time to focus on what you can learn or better understand. Understanding and caring require us to think about our words and to move by leaving our desk and talking with others outside our offices, classrooms, laboratories, and clinics. Words and how they are spoken matter particularly in a time of stress and anxiety in our colleges and schools of pharmacy. We all can remember a time when something spoken caused us to become disengaged and discouraged. The other individual may not have even known the impact of these words, but these can have long-lasting repercussions in our relationships with others. Yet, perhaps these instances can be minimized if we take the time to get to know our colleagues outside of any e-mail trails, meetings or teaching activities. How many of us take the time to go for coffee or to lunch with our colleagues? I would think that most of us would agree that the most important relationships that we have developed have resulted by spending time together when we can share and learn from each other in an open and positive environment. I have always found it compelling during a memorial service when faculty colleagues share touching stories about a colleague who recently passed and the time they spent together at lunch, in a faculty lounge or other settings outside their offices and classrooms. They rarely reminisce about the times together while in meetings or in classrooms. What has caused us to be too busy to find time for a cup of coffee or lunch with a colleague? …


Data on 3637 cows of seven genetic groups at Baghabarighat milk shed area during the period from 1991 to 2000 were analyzed. The genetic groups were Pabna Milking (PM) cows, ½PM×½ Sahiwal (PM×SL), ½PM×½Friesian (PM×FN), Australian Friesian Sahiwal (AFS), ½Sahiwal×¼PM×¼ Friesian [SL(PM×FN)], ½Friesian×¼PM×¼Sahiwal [FN(PM×SL)] and ½Friesian×¼Sahiwal×¼Jersey [FN(SL× JR)]. The purpose of this study was to estimate genetic trends of some dairy traits (birth weight, lactation yield, fat% and SNF %). The heritability values were estimated as 0.27±0.05 for birth weight, 0.45±0.03 for lactation yield, 0.37±0.04 for fat% and 0.46±0.01 for SNF %.  The genetic trends for the dairy traits were computed as average of breeding values using all data for cows born during 1991- 2000. It was observed that the genetic trend of birth weight of calves increased in PM×SL, PM×FN, AFS and FN(SL×JR) at the rate of 0.08, 0.10, 0.12 and 0.05 kg per year, respectively. The same for lactation yield of genetic group PM×FN, AFS, SL(PM×FN) and FN (SL×JR) rose up at the rate of 6.78, 5.20, 4.14 and 5.19 liters per year, respectively. The genetic group PM, PM×SL and PM×FN showed negative trend for fat % at the rate of 0.0005, 0.002 and 0.004% per year, respectively. But the same increased in AFS, SL(PM×FN), FN(PM×SL) and FN(SL×JR) at the rate of 0.002, 0.013, 0.011 and 0.004% per year, respectively. The genetic trend of SNF % in only one group showed negative trend in PM×SL at the rate of 0.01 % per year. On the contrary, PM, PM×FN, AFS, SL(PM×FN), FN(PM×SL) and FN (SL×JR) increased at the rate of 0.005, 0.010, 0.011, 0.0002, 0.014 and 0.003% per year, respectively. The high genetic variability of birth weight, lactation yield, fat and SNF% indicated that there are good opportunities for genetic improvement when including these traits in a selection scheme. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v41i2.14103 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2012. 41 (2): 67-73


Malignant melanoma of the esophagus is rare. Only 29 cases have been reported since the first description in 1906, and none in children have been documented. Surgical and necropsy findings of a primary esophageal malignant melanoma in a 7-year-old boy are described. We believe this is the first published report of an esophageal malignant melanoma in a child.


Analyzing the material culture of English, French, and Native communion ceremonies, and debates over communion and cannibalism, this article argues that peoples in the borderlands between colonial New England and New France refused to recognize their cultural similarities, a cross-cultural failure of communication with violent consequences.


Transverse histological sections from T10‐11, T11‐12, T12‐L1, and L1‐2 zygapophyseal joints were examined in 32 post‐mortem spines, using light microscopy, to record the presence of intra‐articular synovial fold inclusions. In addition, three mid‐joint sections from each joint were photographed using 35 mm colour film. From these slides, linear dimensions of the extent of intraarticular synovial fold projection between the zygapophyseal joints were measured using computer‐aided planimetry. Small, fibrous folds were commonly found at the joint margins extending from the ligamentum flavum and the fibrous joint capsule. Larger, fibro‐adipose synovial folds, projecting between the articular surfaces, were also noted, particularly at T12‐L1 and L1‐2.


Productivity has long been considered highly important in Singapore. In 2015, a national strategy considering skills, innovation and productivity as the basis for sustaining economic growth involving all sectors, was replaced with one seeking to move the economy from a "value-adding" to a "value-creating" one. In Singapore, construction productivity is mainly measured by: value added per person employed; and m2 of floor area completed per manday. By the economic measure, construction usually has the lowest annual growth rate among sectors, but the physical measure shows consistent improvement. This discrepancy has led to debate on the appropriate measure. The construction productivity programme in Singapore has included: promoting mechanisation, standardisation and prefabrication; training; procurement arrangements; regulatory requirements; and application of information and communication technology. Part of the findings of a study commissioned by two trade associations is presented. The aim was to derive findings which would help construction companies to improve productivity, and government to devise better policies and programmes. The study is based on interviews and focus group discussions with senior practitioners in Singapore. The questions included: level of construction productivity; how it is measured; firms' policies on productivity; obstacles to, and enablers of, productivity measurement and improvement; the productivity development programme; and how productivity could be improved. The study found that construction firms could systematically develop their productivity-enhancing capabilities. It proposed measures for government and industry to improve construction productivity performance.


The present invention relates to a parallel dual clutch device (2) for arrangement in a drivetrain of a motor vehicle between a drive unit (4) and a transmission (6), associated with the one of a first transmission input shaft (10) first coupling assembly (28) for selectively transmitting torque between the drive unit (4) and the first transmission input shaft (10) and a second transmission input shaft (12) associated with the second clutch assembly (30) for selectively transmitting torque between the drive unit (4) and the second transmission input shaft (12), said first clutch assembly (28) by means of at least one hydraulically driven first actuating piston (88), which is assigned a first pressure chamber (90) is limited by a first pressure chamber housing (84) and the first actuating piston (88) and the second clutch assembly (30) by means of at least one hydraulically drivable second operation Kolbe ns (94) is actuated, which is assigned a second pressure chamber (96) is limited by a second pressure chamber housing (86) and the second actuating piston (94), wherein the pressure chamber housing (84; 86) is at least partially, preferably completely, fixed and / or rotatably formed. The present invention also relates to a drive train with such a beneficial parallel dual clutch device (2).


This paper describes scheduling and allocating with the resource of production line in factory, and proposes a novel model of scheduling and allocating the resource of production line, which is based on real-time data steams. This model realizes the reasonable schedule and allocation by combining the real-time manufacturing schedule information of production, the status of the devices and analysis of all the management information. The practical application shows that the implemented system based on this model can effectively and efficiently dispatch and allocate the resource of production line.


Much of the original wharfage in Honiara was constructed in 8.2m thick steel sheet, piling the late nineteen fifties. In 1985 an 84 metre section of sheet pile, known as the Small Ships Wharf, was completely replaced by a reinforced earth structure. The work was successful but expensive. A further 45 meter section of sheet pile wall still remained. Studies were carried out on the sheet pile wall thickness at various depths, the capacity of the walings and the tie rods. The results of the report, the abundance of cheap local labour and the availability of suitable in house plant led to the clear conclusion that a repair should be affected. The cost and capacity of the repair was then studied. It was concluded that the procedures adopted could have universal application and that repairs to corroded sheet pile walls could be more beneficial than total replacement.


Abstract The antifungal activity of eugenol containing essential oils - pimento oil (Pimenta dioica (L.) Merr), bay oil (Pimenta racemosa (Mill.) J. W. Moore), clove oil (Szygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & M. Perry), and cinnamon oil (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume) was investigated against 38 clinical isolates of Candida albicans (12 oropharyngeal, 16 vaginal and 10 skin damaging strains). The strains isolated from skin infections were more susceptible to all of the investigated essential oils whereas the oropharyngeal strains were more resistible. The strongest antifungal activity against clinical isolates of oropharyngeal, vagina and skin strains of Candida albicans possesses clove oil, followed by cinnamon oil, pimento oil and bay oil. Anticandidial action of the investigated oils is significantly due to its major component eugenol, but also minor constituents of the essential oils, such as methyleugenol, chavicol and linalool, must have additional and/or synergistic effects to explain the obtained anticandidal data of each essential oil sample.


A method of processing an article having a substrate and a cobalt-phosphorous coating disposed on the substrate includes heat treating (22) the article. At least one physical characteristic of the cobalt-phosphorous coating is altered (24) using the heat treating to thereby change (26) a performance characteristic of the article. For example, the article may be an actuator component having a bore or a shaft that is movably disposed at least partially within the bore.


A pneumatically-driven driving simulator that provides a realistic representation of the driving environment was developed. The motion platform for the driving simulator is a mechatronic device that gives a driver the realistic feeling of an actual vehicle. The cost of the motion platform comprises the largest part of the expenses in developing a driving simulator. In this project, to develop a low-cost motion platform, the self-built motion platform based on the Stewart platform configuration that is constructed by six pneumatic cylinders was used as its actuator. The Stewart platform that moves in response to the operating signals of the joystick showed satisfactory tracking performance. We confirmed the possibility of the driving simulator using rFactor that is a commercially available racing game software.


Identifying the relationship between large‐scale climate signals and seasonal streamflow may provide a valuable tool for long‐range seasonal forecasting in regions under water stress, such as the Iberian Peninsula (IP). The skill of the main teleconnection indices as predictors of seasonal streamflow in the IP was evaluated. The streamflow database used was composed of 382 stations, covering the period 1975–2008. Predictions were made using a leave‐one‐out cross‐validation approach based on multiple linear regression, combining Variance Inflation Factor and Stepwise Backward selection to avoid multicollinearity and select the best subset of predictors. Predictions were made for four forecasting scenarios, from one to four seasons in advance. The correlation coefficient (RHO), Root Mean Square Error Skill Score (RMSESS), and the Gerrity Skill Score (GSS) were used to evaluate the forecasting skill. For autumn streamflow, good forecasting skill (RHO>0.5, RMSESS>20%, GSS>0.4) was found for a third of the stations located in the Mediterranean Andalusian Basin, the North Atlantic Oscillation of the previous winter being the main predictor. Also, fair forecasting skill (RHO>0.44, RMSESS>10%, GSS>0.2) was found in stations in the northwestern IP (16 of these located in the Douro and Tagus Basins) with two seasons in advance. For winter streamflow, fair forecasting skill was found for one season in advance in 168 stations, with the Snow Advance Index as the main predictor. Finally, forecasting was poorer for spring streamflow than for autumn and winter, since only 16 stations showed fair forecasting skill in with one season in advance, particularly in north‐western of IP.


On the basis of the former methods to product nanofiber yarns are first analysised,the necessity to make parallel nanofiber yarns is put forward.The principle and practicality of newest methods to product nanofiber yarns are introducted,including disks mechanical yarns,self-bundling electrospinning yarns,dry jet wet electrospinning yarns,mechanism multiwall carbon nanotubes yarns and annular collector yarns.Moreover,the morphology of the yarns is presented.The tremendous guide meaning and reference value for further reaserch into nanofiber yarns are provided.


Many things open up opportunities for various interpretations of shari'ah contained in the Qur'an and as-Sunnah, including menstrual problems, especially in the case of intermittent menstruation. This study aims to explain the opinions and methods of the school of Sha <fi'i <and H {anbali <about the intermittent menstrual problem and its consequences. School of Sha <fi'i <punishes naqa <'in the age of <n al-h {aid {as menstruation period. The method used is the legal method {b (leveling method), so that the legal consequences imposed are the inability to carry out worship during naqa ', such as prayer, fasting, intercourse, t {awa <f, t {alaq, calculation of' iddah and silence at mosque. Whereas the school of law {anbali <believes that the cessation of blood (naqa <') is punished sacred. This method is called the laqt} method (acquisition). The legal consequences arising from the ability to carry out worship during naqa <', such as prayer, fasting, intercourse, t {awa <f, t {alaq, calculation of iddah and silence in the mosque. This study concludes that the limitation of menstrual time is 10 days on average, so that in the span of 10 days if a blood break occurs, then the naqa <according to the qaul as {s {ah is to bathe jina <bat and perform worship services) recommended, such as prayer, fasting and so forth.


Stress is an emotional feeling that and body reaction that totally change people's mood and behavior toward his/her surrounding. Stress can be good or bad. Every person in the whole world cannot run from feeling stress in certain situation. Stress generally can be felt not only during work or in working environment, but also be felt in relationship, in financial institution, and others. Stress could be beneficial if one could handle it positively because it might motivate the person to overcome his/her problem. Plus, in fact everyone needs stress in their lives because without stress the life of a person would be gloomy and uninteresting.


A mixed-valent thiostannate complex with a SnSn bond, [{(RSnIV)2(μ-S)2}3SnIII2S6] (R=CMe2CH2COMe), crystallizes upon condensation of the dissolved double-decker thiostannate [(RSn)4S6] in daylight, as S. Dehnen et al. describe in their Communication on page 4441 ff. Mossbauer spectra and DFT calculations confirm that the mixed-valence complex formally contains SnIII and SnIV atoms. Both compounds have terminal carbonyl groups, which can be used for further reactions at the ligand shell for the targeted synthesis of complex hybrid compounds.