The present investigation was carried out to character association and path coefficient analysis among thirty genotypes of onion for fourteen characters comprised of bulb yield and its contributing characters. These genotypes were planted in Randomized Block Design with three replications during Rabi-2016-17, SKN College of Agriculture, Jobner. The result from character association indicated that bulb yield showed significant and positive correlation with number of scales, equatorial diameter, bulb volume, polar diameter, plant height, neck thickness, days to harvest after transplanting, number of leaves, pungency, sulphur content in bulb, dry matter content and TSS. Path coefficient analysis revealed that characters viz. equatorial diameter, plant height at harvest, pungency, neck thickness, dry matter content had positive direct effect on bulb yield. Hence, these characters may be simultaneously selected for developing better quality high yielding varieties of onion.


Water has been stated as one of the fundamental elements for the existence of life on Earth, and is being contaminated as a sign of human development and negligence towards the ecosystem. In spite of many waste disposal methodologies that have been proposed and brought into practice, the pollution rate is not differentiable. Around 80% of the Indian local body water sources have been reported as tainted due to waste dumping. Every year, around 1.5 million Indian children die from diarrhea. While looking at the water pollutants, plastic has a significant contribution towards this. They pile up, creating a layer on the water surface resisting the light to enter the water; also, the chemicals used in coating the plastic objects turn out to be life threatening for the aquatic lives as well as human lives. A considerable population use these local water body sources for drinking purposes and it adds up to the responsibility for us to keep them hygienic and safe. Many methods for abreaction have been initiated by the Government and other resources. This paper proposes an efficient, cost-effective, simple and habitat-friendly "AQUA ROVER" (prototype) which is a dedicated device to this concern.


Class imbalance is one of the challenging problems for data mining and machine learning techniques. The data in real-world applications often has imbalanced class distribution. That is occur when most examples are belong to a majority class and few example belong to a minority class. In this case, standard classifiers tend to classify all examples as a majority class and completely ignore the minority class. For this problem, researchers proposed a lot of solutions at both data and algorithmic levels. Most efforts concentrate on binary class problems. However, binary class is not the only scenario where the class imbalance problem prevails. In the case of multi-class data sets, it is much more difficult to define the majority and minority classes. Hence, multi class classification in imbalanced data sets remains an important topic of research. In our Book, we proposed new approach based on SOMTE (Synthetic Minority Over-sampling TEchnique) and clustering which is able to deal with imbalanced data problem involving multiple classes. We implemented our approach by using open source machine learning tools: Weka, and RapidMiner.


ABSTRACT This study expands political discussion scholarship by examining the relationship between six motivations for political discussion (i.e., educate oneself, learn about others, influence others, be social, and build relationships) and five forms of political talk (i.e., overall discussion frequency, discussion involving agreement, disagreement, strong ties, and weak ties). Survey results demonstrate that different motivations are associated with different forms of political talk. These findings suggest that motivations offer significant potential for advancing understanding of what drives the most common manifestations (agreement, strong-tie discussion) and the most deliberative and democratically beneficial (disagreement, weak-tie discussion) forms of political discussion.


The seismic activity and precursory anomalies in Wushi region before Wushi Ms6.3 earthquake on Feb.15,2005 are analyzed,the activity of middle-small earthquakes shows strength-quietness process,and this agrees with the active regular of Ms≥6.0 earthquakes in Keping block. The result shows there are middle-short term anomalies of five seismic spatial parameters and five temporal parameters in Wushi region,and the annual deformation of Aheqi tilt changed in EW direction,solid tide and Bachu ground stress are anomalies before Wushi Ms6.3 earthquake.


This pictorial proposes an alternative mode of interaction between nurses and clinical alarm syste ms and shows how three concepts, developed to interact through the end user's periphery of attention, can be applied in a clinical setting to improve the workflow of nurses and wellbeing of patients.


The Gene Context Tool (GeConT) allows users to visualize the genomic context of a gene or a group of genes and their orthologous relationships within fully sequenced bacterial genomes. The new version of the server incorporates information from the COG, Pfam and KEGG databases, allowing users to have an integrated graphical representation of the function of genes at multiple levels, their phylogenetic distribution and their genomic context. The sequence of any of the genes can be easily retrieved, as well as the 5′ or 3′ regulatory regions, greatly facilitating further types of analysis. GeConT 2 is available at: http://bioinfo.ibt.unam.mx/gecont.


The objective of the present work is to research the relationship between the contact path strategies and the running performance of hypoid gears, in which the oil temperature at steady running states and the root mean square of vibrating acceleration are used as the evaluation indexes of running performance. The quantitatively comparative test method was adopted to evaluate the running performance of four categories of hypoid gears with different contact path strategies on a mechanically closed loop gear test rig. The hypoid gears with different typical contact path and other five sets used in the rear axle of a minicab were employed as the test gears. The results showed that: 1) hypoid gears with longitudinal contact path have a better running stability performance than the other three types and their lubrication condition are also better due to a lighter contact load between mating teeth, however, this superiority will become less dominated as the transmission load increases to 175 Nm; 2) the running stability of meshing gears does not monotonically change with the variation of load and has the best running status under a certain load.


The objective of this study is to provide a simplified worksheet based on the Total Equivalent Temperature Difference (TETD) Approach to estimate a building's cooling load under Iraqi climate conditions. The heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system was applied to scientific laboratories at the College of Engineering, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala, Iraq. The study estimates the cooling load of the building, which consists of 10 zones. Cooling load elements such as ventilation, lighting, walls, floors, roofs, windows, infiltration, and human factors were considered. The worksheet provides an appropriate alternative for easy and fast prediction within Iraq's climate conditions.


Fluid contaminant plumes underground are often electrically conducting and, therefore, can be imaged using electrical impedance tomography. The authors introduce an output least-squares method for impedance tomography problems that have regions of high conductivity surrounded by regions of lower conductivity. The high conductivity is modeled on network approximation results from an asymptotic analysis and its recovery is based on this model. The smoothly varying part of the conductivity is recovered by a linearization process as is usual. The authors present the results of several numerical experiments that illustrate the performance of the method.


The general problem of Nash equilibrium design is investigated from an optimization perspective. Within this context, a specific but fairly broad class of noncooperative games are considered that have been applied to a variety of settings including network congestion control, wireless uplink power control, and optical power control. The Nash equilibrium design problem is analyzed under various knowledge assumptions (full versus limited information) and design objectives (QoS versus utility maximization). Among other results, the "price of anarchy" is shown not to be an inherent feature of games that incorporate pricing mechanisms, but merely a misconception that often stems from arbitrary choice of game parameters. Moreover, a simple linear pricing is sufficient for design of Nash equilibrium according to a chosen global objective for a general class of games and under suitable information assumptions.


words and less familiar ideas. Accordingly, relevant findings in collaborative learning suggest that students whose discourse is more narrative make better social relationship with others in the discussion forum [14, 35]. Particularly, findings of a study in MOOCs showed that students with a narrative style of writing who also a high maintained level of deep cohesion in their messages managed to build stronger connections [35]. Hence, high narrativity seems to be advantageous for social accomplishments in collaborative learning. This could mean that Quality and Top Contributors were more successful in terms of supporting students to achieve that goal. A recent study found that students who used more expository language and constructed messages with higher deep cohesion outperformed others with a more narrative style and lower cohesion [15]. Initially, considering narrativity as an independent component, that result was considered counterintuitive based on previous studies. However, accounting for deep cohesion, it can be inferred that maintaining a higher level of deep cohesion compensated for the difficulty of the expository text. It is also known that expository text demands extensive domain knowledge in order to generate the inferences required for comprehension [55]. This could mean that students with a more expository style, as opposed to a narrative style, managed to develop better knowledge and hence made stronger inferences as evident by higher deep cohesion. However, based on our findings users of Top Contributors and Quality visualization who used a more narrative


Y. Gao, Y. Liu, B. Xu, Prof. P. H. M. van Loosdrecht, W. Tian State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structures and Materials Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street , Changchun 130012 , China E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; firstname.lastname@example.com Y. Gao, Prof. P. H. M. van Loosdrecht Optical Condensed Matter Physics Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 , 9747AG Groningen , The Netherlands Dr. R. C. I. Mackenzie Faculty of Engineering The University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham , NG7 2RD , UK E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Prof. P. H. M. van Loosdrecht II. Physikalisches Institut University of Cologne Zülpicher Strasse 77 , 50937 Cologne , Germany


Wouldn't it be great to understand all the data in your organisation? Just imagine being able to define, agree and manage information concepts that impact on business strategy? Then image that these information concepts can be linked to the physical database attributes that ultimately are used to create them. That's what this book is about. It focuses on the data model as the foundation for achieving this understanding. This book provides a framework for the enterprise data model, the business reasons behind it and the differences between conceptual, logical and physical data models. The question of how, and why, to use a data model artifact as part of the data governance toolkit for the whole enterprise is also addressed. This publication is not an in-depth manual on how to model data for a new database system or your next design project. It instead focuses at a level above these implementation projects and addresses the issues that organisations typical struggle with, such as: How do we provide a framework within which we can manage our data assets?How do we develop applications that adhere to a set of data standards; without creating a nightmare of administration and governance that is both unwieldy and unusable?How can we get business value from our enterprise data? Chapter headings are: Chapter 1 - IntroductionChapter 2 - Information and DataChapter 3 - Pillars of ValueChapter 4 - An Overview of Data ModellingChapter 5 - Data ArchitectureChapter 6 - The Enterprise Data ModelChapter 7 - Build the Model one Project at a TimeChapter 8 - Master DataChapter 9 - Data GovernanceChapter 10 - The Enterprise Data Framework


This paper describes the technical development of relatively new and innovative methodologies for rehabilitation of Portland Cement Concrete (PCC) pavements involving the fracturing of the pavement slab prior to the placement of an asphalt concrete (HMA) overlay with the objective of eliminating or minimizing the occurrence of reflective cracks in the overlay. As used in this paper, the term "Fractured Slab," refers to an element of PCC pavement rehabilitation techniques generally known as crack and seat, break and seat, and rubblize followed by an HMA overlay. The information and findings contained in this paper are based on an extensive nationwide research study conducted by PCS/Law Engineering, Inc. for the National Asphalt Pavement Association (NAPA) and the State Asphalt Pavement Association Executives (SAPAE).


Eye injuries are common in warfare with an incidence of approximately 10%. They carry a high morbidity, as they can determine an injured person's future independence and employability. The majority are a combination of primary and secondary blast mechanisms, though tertiary and quaternary types are common. There is some evidence of quinary types from toxic elements from the explosion. Eye protection significantly reduces the incidence and severity of ballistic eye injury but does not eliminate it. Thermal ocular burns are relatively common in warfare. The treatment goal is to minimise limbal stem cell damage. Human amniotic membrane can be used to promote this. Retinal and optic nerve injury following closed eye trauma are currently untreatable, but neuroprotective and neuroregenerative agents are being developed to improve outcomes. Sensory substitution of the sense of touch for sight can help orientate blinded individual in their surroundings. Ophthalmology has a major impact on the lives of the war wounded.


(1989). Incentives and behaviour in the ethnic politics of Sri Lanka and Malaysia. Third World Quarterly: Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 18-35.


One of the serious challenges facing smartphones and other portable devices is battery life. We aim at improving the energy efficiency of multimedia applications for improved battery life while maintaining an acceptable level of user experience. In this paper, we first present the full profiling of the HEVC encoder. Stochastic processing is then applied to the motion estimation stage of HEVC in order to reduce its energy consumption. Finally, video snapshots are displayed along with the relative percentages in energy savings. Savings up to 13% were reached while maintaining a very good quality according to the video quality metric VQM.


Summary. The massless Dirae equation is considered in the presence of weak external gravitational fields. In the presence of fields arising from moving mass currents, solutions are found which are analogous to those giving rise to the Aharonov-Bohm effect in electromagnetic theory. The mass currents play the role of the magnetic fields. Comparison is made with earlier analogous solutions by Plebanski and by Balazs and Bertotti, and an alternative physical interpretation is offered in which simply connected currents can produce an effect which is observable in principle. When investigating interactions of the gravitational field, it is worth-while to consider analogous electromagnetic phenomena. The value of such an approach is twofold. First, mathematical techniques used in the electromagnetic case may prove useful in the gravitational one. Second, physical interpretations arising in electromagnetic phenomena may be useful as guides in the corresponding gravitational cases. In the task which we undertake in this paper, namely the solution of the Dirac equation in an external gravitational field, both advantages of electromagnetic analogues come into play. Here we make use of the fact that the Foek-Ivanenko coefficients, or spin connections, enter the Dirac equation in a way formally similar to the vector potential of the electromagnetic field. For at least the particular choice of linearized gravitational fields and a massless Dirac equation, we are able to make the analogy with


TiO2/rGO nanocomposite is synthesized by using pulsed laser ablation in liquid method, the UV–VIS absorption spectra and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) TiO2/rGO) nanocomposites reveal absorption spectra in ultraviolet region and that the particles were in an aggregated state shrubbery, showed AFM image the size of each image showed that the membrane materials and through the two-dimensional and three-dimensional examines are homogeneous, noting that there are no spaces in the surface. Electrical properties of the nanocomposite improved markedly with bare TiO2NPs, without significantly changing the morphology of the TiO2NPs. Ammonia-sensing acts for (TiO2/rGO) layered film tackled. Sensing behavior of the (TiO2rGO) nanocomposites examined under the 100 ppm of NH3 environment. The (TiO2/rGO-1) nanocomposite clarified a high reaction to NH3 gas (48 %) in room temperature.


its psychological implications. The final objective of neurophysiological work, he states boldly, is to find out "how the activity of the brain is related to that of the mind" and he comments tellingly that perhaps the chief impression which will be left by his account is '' of the complete inability of contemporary science to give a satisfactory picture of any kind of mental activity." By this, Professor Adrian appears to mean only that the methods of physiology have as yet thrown little light on the mind-body problem: The possibility of a scientific study of mental activity in its own right is presumably not disputed. Professor Adrian's treatment of the mind-body problem is consciously and intentionally naive. Whereas this is no doubt of great advantage in the exposition of experiment and fact, it must be admitted that it leads a t times to a certain crudity of discussion. In the earlier chapters, especially, it is difficult to escape from the notion of the mind as a nonmaterial manikin, situated somewhere in the cortex, whose functions it is to interpret nervous " signals' ' and guide action. In the later chapters, on the other hand, Professor Adrian makes a real attempt to deal with aspects of brain activity that approximate more closely to what is commonly called mental activity, viz. abstraction, recognition and learning. Here the approach is less dualistic. Drawing heavily on the views of Lashley and Craik, Professor Adrian is led to conclude that the cortex itself can react on sensory data in such a manner as to produce results commonly attributed to mind. In speaking of visual discrimination, for example, he remarks t h a t I ' . . . somehow the brain can abstract the three angles of a triangle from the visual pattern so that it can signal their occurrence to the next part of the organisation." This is a big advance on the notion of a non-material agency abstracting relationships which is implied in the earlier parts of the discussion. It suggests, too, that Professor Adrian is prepared to concede a heirarchical theory of nervous integration. On such a view, there is no brusque transition between nervous and mental reactions: we deal with a single series of reactions becoming steadily more complex as they become less automatic. Consciousness is an attribute of some, a t least, of the higher reactions: It is not a state sui generis. It is perhaps unfair to judge these lectures predominantly upon the discussion of the mind-body problem, although this aspect is of central interest to the psychologist. Their outstanding quality lies in the selection and presentation of empirical data, in the elucidation of which Professor Adrian has contributed so much ahd so brilliantly. His style, too, has the simplicity of true greatness. T h e Physzcal Backgrouizd of Perception will help to shape the intellectual background of every serious student of physiology, psychology and philosophy. It may even contribute in a wider sense to the prevailing "world-picture" of our day. 0. L. z.


The optimization of the expenditure structure of local finance not only affects performance of local government function under the control of certain finance, but also affects all sides of local social economic structure even for the country. This thesis selects certain example. It considers the expenditure of local finance in A city of Henan province as a research object. It analyses abuse in the expenditure structure of local finance and gives some advice about regulative optimization by the way of examining the expenditure structure and transformation of local finance in recent years.


OBJECTIVE
Long intergenic non-coding RNA 1088 (LINC01088) has been suggested to act as a tumor suppressor in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC); however, the prognostic role of LINC01088 has not been evaluated in cancer patients. This study aimed to investigate the expression of LINC01088 in EOC, along with evaluating its clinical-pathological and prognostic importance.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
A bioinformatics tool (GEPIA) was used to screen the dysregulated lncRNAs. Quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to measure expression level of LINC01088 in EOC tumor samples and adjacent non-tumor tissues. Then, the association between LINC01088 expression and pathological parameters were further evaluated. Overall survival (OS) was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the differences in survival were compared using the log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed using the Cox proportional hazard analysis.

RESULTS
We found that LINC01088 expression was significantly down-regulated in EOC tissues via "GEPIA". Then, the results of RT-PCT confirmed that the expression levels of LINC01088 were significantly lower in EOC tissues compared to adjacent noncancerous tissues (p < 0.01). Interestingly, lower LINC01088 expression levels were associated with FIGO stage (p = 0.000), grade (p = 0.003) and distant metastasis (p = 0.006). Moreover, Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that patients with low LINC01088 expression had a poor overall survival (p = 0.0013). Finally, univariate and multivariate analysis show that LINC01088 expression is an independent predictor for overall survival.

CONCLUSIONS
Low LINC01088 expression was associated with the progression of EOC and could serve as a potential independent prognostic biomarker for patients with EOC.


Some of the more familiar models of bureaucratic decision-making have been developed largely in response to perceived inadequacies of the classic economic rationality model. These models, including the "satisficing," disjointed incrementalism, mixed-scanning and sequential decision-making models (all based on assumptions of sub-optimality), differ in respect to logical structure, range of application, assumptions about the decision-maker and assumptions about the decision environment. On one point, however, they agree: the cost of information is a critical variable in determining decision processes and decision outcomes. Herbert Simon lead the way in arguing that the rational model is not only unrealistic but may not even be useful as an ideal since it may encourage decision-makers to lose sight of satisfactory (but not optimal) decision-making quality. I Now that incrementalism, in one form or another, is the most widely accepted version of reality, some organization theorists and public administrators have begun to be concerned with a problem that might seem to some theorists, almost reactionary: how might it be possible to provide systematically a broader and higher quality information base for public decision processes? The complexities of contemporary policy-making are such that unquestioning and uncritical acceptance of incrementalism often seems inappropriate. Many have attempted to improve on incrementalism by reducing the costs of information and have often looked to computer scientists for help. Designers of formal information systems have long been concerned (in theory, if not always performance) with reducing the marginal cost of information. In many cases the "hardware solution" has proven viable-especially in those instances where the information that was to be infused into decision-making processes was descriptive (rather than explanatory), easily coded, decomposible, and readily available along some convenient channel. Unfortunately, information needs in policy-making often do not fit these specifications and, to date, little progress has been made toward infusing more complex kinds of information into public decision-making.


The detection of Cerenkov light from EAS in a delayed coincidence with uorescence light gives a strong signature to discriminate protons and neutrinos in cosmic rays. For this purpose, the ULTRA experiment has been designed with 2 detectors: a small EAS array (ETscope) and an UV optical device including wide eld (Belenos) and narrow eld (UVscope) Cerenkov light detectors. The array measures the shower size and the arrival direction of the incoming EAS, while the UV devices, pointing both to zenith and nadir, are used to determine the amount of direct and diffused coincident Cerenkov light. This information, provided for different diffusing surfaces, will be used to verify the possibility of detecting from Space the Cerenkov light produced by UHECRs with the EUSO experiment, on board the ISS.


The utility model creatively discloses a flotation device for wave energy collection, has hard tube -shape linkage unit of a plurality of festivals, is equipped with acquisition unit between the adjacent hard tube -shape linkage unit, be equipped with in the hard tube -shape linkage unit be used for with the total pipeline of the business turn over liquid of outer tank intercommunication, acquisition unit has hose shell I, hose shell II, lies in the circular flotation pontoon of the stereoplasm of hose shell between I and II, is equipped with a reinforcement sleeve section of thick bamboo in the circular flotation pontoon of stereoplasm, is equipped with a plurality of piston cylinder unit along its circumference on the outer wall of a reinforcement sleeve section of thick bamboo, and the inlet in the piston cylinder unit passes through the bye -pass to be connected with manifold I, and the liquid outlet in the piston cylinder body unit passes through the bye -pass to be connected with manifold II, and manifold I passes through bye -pass and total tube coupling respectively with manifold II. It is efficient, with low costs, energy -concerving and environment -protective to have the wave energy collection, uses in a flexible way, the advantages such as extensively popularization and application of being convenient for.


Although being a slow growing tumor, spinal meningiomas are often diagnosed late and presents with features of significant cord compression that essentially warrants surgical management. To assess the clinical and functional outcome of excision of dorsal spinal meningioma. Within the period of July 2003 to June 2012, retrospective review of the records of 23 patients (Male:07, Female:26, age range, 34-68 years) with postoperative histological confirmation of meningioma were evaluated. Pre- and postoperative neurological state was classified according to the Frankel scale and functional outcome was assessed according to Levy Score. Chi-squared test and z-test was used for statistical analysis using SPSS. The mean age was 48.30=03.50 years with significant female predominance. The posterior and posterolateral position was significant causing significant neuro-deficit. Satisfactory surgical results were achieved in 78.90% cases (Levy Score) and 82.82% cases (Frankel grading). Surgical resection of spinal meningiomas is a safe and effective procedure even with severe neurological deficits.
JCMCTA 2013 ; 24 (2): 14-18


Security interest is justified to ensure creditors' benefits.However,it is not without restrictions,which means that a creditor cannot abuse security interest to seek unfair advantages.To effectively prevent abuse of security interest,the susceptibleness,forms and requirements of the establishment of the abuse must be expressly laid out,only based on which can suggestions about how to control different sorts of abuse of security interest be put forward in accordance with China's relevant laws.


Academic procrastination is a harmful phenomenon among students and has many negative consequences. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship of test anxiety and time management with academic procrastination in students of health professions. The population of this correlational study consisted of 281 Iranian students of health professions. The Tuckman Procrastination Scale, Time Management Scale, and Sarason's Test Anxiety Scale were used to measure the variables. Pearson's correlation and multivariate regression tests were also performed. The mean score of students' academic procrastination was higher than the average level. A significantly negative correlation was found between time management and academic procrastination (r = −0.487,

 P

  ≤ 0.01). Additionally, there was a significantly positive correlation between test anxiety and academic procrastination (r = 0.443,

 P

  ≤ 0.01). The linear regression model indicated that independent predictors including time management and test anxiety accounted for 32.6% of the variation in academic procrastination (R2 = 32.6%). The findings of this study indicated that test anxiety and time management were associated with academic procrastination. Therefore, purposeful educational and psychological interventions are required to reduce academic procrastination in students.


In this research, alginic acid was chemically modified by coupling it with the amino acid L-cysteine to improve its solubility, biocompatibility and mucoadhesive properties, which allows expanding its use in pharmacological applications. L-Cysteine was grafted in different ratios (2:1, 1:1 and 2:3 molar ratios) and these alginate-L-cysteine conjugates were characterized by Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (H-NMR). The concentration of the thiol group from the coupled cysteine was determined. The improvement in mucoadhesivity was demonstrated by mechanical tensile studies, and the conjugate with the ratio of 2:1 presented the highest adhesion capacity. From these modified biopolymers, micro/nanoparticles were synthesized by the ionic/microemulsion gelation method (Zn divalent ion). Using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), the morphology of the obtained micro and nanometric spherical particles was observed. The results indicated that thiolated alginate may have potential for use in drug delivery systems, especially in those where it is required to extend the residence time in the epithelial mucosa.


OBJECTIVE
To analyze the clinical phenotype and MYH7 gene variant in a Chinese pedigree affected with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).

METHODS
The proband was screened for variant of 96 cardiomyopathy-associated genes by exonic amplification and high-throughput sequencing. Candidate variant was verified by Sanger sequencing among 300 healthy controls as well as family members of the proband. Co-segregation analysis of genotypes and clinical phenotypes was carried out for the pedigree. Clustal X software was used to analyze the sequence conservation of the variant among various species, and its pathogenicity was predicted by using bioinformatics software.

RESULTS
6 out of 12 members from this pedigree were found to harbor heterozygous c.4124A>G (p.Tyr1375Cys) variant of the MYH7 gene, among whom five were diagnosed with HCM. The remaining one had failed to meet the diagnostic criteria for HCM, but had abnormal ECG. The same variant was not found in the 300 healthy controls. Amino acid sequence analysis showed that the variant is located in a highly conserved region, and bioinformatics analysis predicted that this variant may affect protein function and has a deleterious effect. Based on the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines, the variant was predicted to be likely pathogenic (PM2+ PP1_Moderate+PP3+PP5).

CONCLUSION
The c.4124A>G (p.Tyr1375Cys) variant of the MYH7 gene probably underlay the pathogenesis in this pedigree. Above finding has important value for the early diagnosis of patients with HCM.


In this paper, we study the following critical weighted elliptic problem:\begin{equation*}\begin{cases}-\text{div}(|x|^\theta\nabla u) =(N^\prime+\tau)(N^\prime-2)|x|^\ell u^{p_\tau}, \text{in}\ \mathbb{R}^N,\\ u>0, \text{in}\ \mathbb{R}^N,\end{cases}\end{equation*} where $N^\prime=N+\theta>2,$ $\tau=\ell-\theta>-2,$ $ p_\tau=\frac{N^\prime+2+2\tau}{N^\prime-2}.$ Du and Guo (2015) showed the above problem possesses a family of finite Morse index solutions. Our main aim in this paper is to give its exact characterization of Morse index, which depends only on $N,\tau$ and $\theta$.


As the JDE enters into its second decade of both electronic and print publishing, I am proud to present an excellent selection of articles included in the June, 2015 version of our journal. In the first article of the issue, Bridging The Gender Gap in Entrepreneurship: An Empirical Analysis, Elvin Afandi and Majid Kermani explore the role of inequality in individual and country attributes between men and women in bridging the gender entrepreneurship gap. Using Oaxaca-type decomposition and its extensions, they analyze gender differences with respect to individual and country characteristics in explaining the entrepreneurship gender gap as well as return differentials. However, they leave the door open for the existence of gender discrimination. Samuel Dawa and Rebecca Namatovu examine the influence of social networks on the growth aspirations of female entrepreneurs. In their article, Social Networks and Growth of Female-Owned Ventures: A Sub-Saharan Perspective, the authors find a relationship between belonging to a social network and growth. However, they also point out that the challenges facing female entrepreneurs in this context negate the influence of social networks on growth. They also make the point that the metrics used to measure entrepreneurship related constructs are biased not only against women but even the developing country context. The next two articles pertain to China's entrepreneurship movement. Birton Cowden, Jintong Tang, Jun Yang and Yuli Zhang use the Institution-Based View of Entrepreneurship to argue that the varying institutions within the subnational regions influence the innovativeness of new ventures. In Exploring Innovative New Ventures in China and the United States, the authors find that this variation in innovativeness of new ventures is more salient in the Chinese setting than the United States setting because of the unevenness of institutional transitions within Chinese subnational regions. Their results provide useful implications on the appropriateness of making comparisons at a country level. Social Networks, Cognition and Risk Recognition in New Ventures: Evidence from China applies cognitive information-processing theory and develops a theoretical framework that explores the interactive influences of entrepreneurs' social networks and their Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship Vol. 20, No. 2 (2015) 1501002 (2 pages) © World Scientific Publishing Company DOI: 10.1142/S1084946715010025


In the present work an Ant-Lion Optimizer (ALO) based Fractional Order PID (FOPID) controllers are used in an islanded voltage source inverter (VSI) based microgrid system to maintain the grid node voltages at the set values. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the designed FOPIDs a 3-bus microgrid system has been designed having three Distributed Generators (DGs). ALO technique tunes the FOPID controller's parameters thereby, providing the desired node voltages and the grid frequency even when the system undergoes different operating conditions. The controller's performance is assessed for disturbances like switching of loads. Subsequently, comparison of performance between ALO based FOPID controllers with other types of controllers such as PSO based FOPID controllers have been carried out. The results show that the ALO based FOPID controllers exhibit improved performance of the microgrid.


Room-temperature two-wavelength excited photoluminescence (PL) measurements have been performed in the kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4(CZTS) and Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) thin film absorbers. A defect level at 0.8 eV from the valence band and its properties are investigated. Two light sources of 635nm and 1550nm diode lasers, respectively, were used for above bandgap and 0.8eV defect level excitation. The two-wavelength excited PL intensity was stronger than that only above-gap laser irradiation for the CZTS specimen. This phenomenon strongly suggests that the 0.8eV defect level acts as recombination center at room temperature. On the other hand, this defect may act as a trap in lower gap CZTSSe.


Complex Spectral domain Optical Coherence Tomography (CSdOCT) produces images free of parasitic mirror component which results in twofold extension of the measurement range. Complete removal of this component requires exact knowledge of the introduced phase shifts, what is usually difficult to achieve. Presented method effectively removes the mirror image, even without the knowledge of the phases. The method is applicable to any variation of CSdOCT. The 'mirror image-free' tomograms of human anterior chamber in-vivo obtained with the aid of this approach are shown.


This study of the diagnosis, ego functions and degree of affective deficiency in the encopretic child shows that although the problem remains complex these children can be subdivided into two main categories: neurotics and those suffering from ego disorders. The neurological and intellectual equipment of the latter group is below that of the neurotic children, and they show a marked tendency to an exaggerated or deficient motor control. Family troubles also contribute to the condition which in the case of these children appears to be due to developmental arrest, evident also in other areas. As to neurotics, the study of their dynamics reveals depressive elements related to separation or threatened separation. The traumatic aspect is often more symbolic than real. Repressed aggressivity appears as an important feature of this category of encopretic children. Ego-disturbed children present significantly higher indications of affective deficiency, especially due to family environment. It seems that this factor of affective deficiency overlaps diagnostic categories and in some cases appears to be related to serious marital problems of the parents. This study does not show why such children have 'chosen' to become encopretic. It only gives some indications as to the type of family environment where the symptom develops, and identifies certain precipitating conditions. It also appears that the majority of parents will tolerate such a condition for a long time without seeking advice. This confirms the importance of family environment in the development of the symptom, and indicates that further research should concentrate on the study of original mother-child relationships, inasmuch as they influence sphincter control, and also on the whole family network, which seems to be frequently implicated in the child's symptomatology.


Situated in China's Three Gorges Reservoir Region, the Fengjie County is prone to frequent geo-hazards. This area features big topographic relief, well-developed structures and soft rocks, and relatively fragile geological environment. This paper employs field geological surveys to ascertain the distribution regularities of geo-hazards and geo-hazard breeding geological setting in the studied area. The dataset of geo-hazards in Fengjie Mapsheet (1:50, 000), which has integrated the data in geo-hazard, geology and geography, has been constructed for the first time, along with the compilation of the same-scaled geo-hazard maps of Fengjie County Mapsheet. This paper has also classified the data sources, data collecting methods, and processing techniques, so as to provide practical application case of the geo-hazard maps dataset, and meanwhile present references for the data processing and application in this type of geological survey.


learn to solve mathematical problems. It was based on a deductive method, positivist paradigm, quantitative approach, experimental design, quasi-experimental field type, and cross-section. Made up of a control group and an experimental group, framing a sample of 28 students, with diagnostic evaluation (pretest) and final evaluation (posttest) in which the comparisons in the performance of the planned activities are determined. The results achieved of this didactic strategy served as a technological instrument to strengthen the teaching-learning activities in mathematics. Therefore, it was evidenced that using this hybrid modality strategy with face-to-face, virtual, and computational thinking scenarios produced a stimulus that positively influenced the learning of mathematical skills and increased the students' motivation, where they were provided with simulators, programs, and digital educational resources in a playful, gamified, didactic, and interactive way; as a result, it made the learning process new and significant.


One of the main endeavors of fundamental astrometry is to establish a practical realization of a nonrotating, inertial reference frame anchored to celestial objects whose positions are defined in the barycentric coordinates of the solar system matching the current level of astrometric observational accuracy. The development of astrometric facilities operating from space at a microarcsecond level of precision makes the nonuniformity of the Galactic motion of the barycenter an observable and nonnegligible effect that violates the desired inertiality of the barycentric frame of the solar system. Most of the observable effect is caused by the nearly constant (secular) acceleration of the barycenter with respect to the center of the Galaxy. The acceleration results in a pattern of secular aberration that is observable astrometrically as a systematic vector field of the apparent proper motions of distant quasars. We employ the classic approximations of planar epicycle and vertical harmonic oscillation for the Sun's Galactic motion to estimate the magnitude of secular acceleration components in the Galactic coordinates and to show that the peculiar accelerations are smaller than the main galactocentric component. We employ the vector spherical harmonic formalism to describe the predicted field of proper motions and evaluate the amplitude of this field at each point on the celestial sphere. We show that the pattern of secular aberration is fully represented by three low-order electric-type vector harmonics; hence, it is easily distinguishable from the residual rotations of the reference frame and other possible effects, such as the hypothetical long-period gravitational waves, which are described by other types of vector or tensor harmonics. Comprehensive numerical simulations of the grid astrometry with Space Interferometry Mission (SIM) PlanetQuest are conducted assuming that 110 optically bright quasars are included as grid objects and observed on the same schedule, but to lower precision due to their faintness, as regular grid stars. The full covariance matrix of the simulated grid solution is used to evaluate the covariances of the three electric harmonic coefficients, representing the secular aberration pattern of proper motions. This is the only reliable method to estimate such sample-based statistics in view of the considerable star-to-star correlations in SIM global astrometry. We conclude that the grid astrometry with SIM PlanetQuest will be sensitive to the main galactocentric component of secular acceleration, arising from the circular motion of the local standard of rest (LSR) around the Galactic center, while the peculiar acceleration of the Sun with respect to the LSR is expected to be too small to be detected with this astrometric space interferometer.


Air pollutant SO_2 of Maanshan mainly comes from point sources in field of iron steel industry,including ore smelting,coking and industrial boiler.Based on the data,such as energy structure,previous industrial coal consumption,SO_2 emission,acid rain occurrence,sulfation rate,etc,features of changes of atmospheric SO_2 are disclosed,and main contribution to atmospheric SO_2 pollution is concluded as iron steel industrial point sources.Through technical improvement in iron steel companies,SO_2 emission has been gradually reduced,which has met Class I requirements of State Environment and Air Quality Standard(GB3095-1996).It can be concluded that for small iron steel industrial city with single industrial structure,the main atmospheric pollutants come from industrial point sources,which are crucial for control and treatment of atmospheric SO_2 pollution.


A microwave transmitting antenna with omnidirectional pattern in the horizontal plane is described which consists of six horn radiators and six plane reflectors arranged in a hexagonal configuration. Each reflector illuminates an azimuthal sector of approximately 60°. If therefore, a sector-shaped horizontal pattern is required, less than six reflectors need to be provided.


The aim was to examine resistance exercise-related genes after 8 weeks of resistance training. Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: 4 weeks sedentary (4 wks CON, n


Most studies have concentrated on the Muslim League's political activities and objectives. It is generally believed that it lacked a distinctive economic programme and unequivocally favoured private enterprise. The radical economic ideas produced by its Punjab and Bengal branches are attributed to a handful of activists who received short shrift from the High Command. The League's stance is thus contrasted with the Congress which addressed economic issues from a largely Socialist perpective.


Alcoholic drinks have been known and made by man for thousands of years in most parts of the world. The pattern of their consumption has varied at different times and places in accordance with the cultural patterns of society and the circumstances of the time. In our own age, for a number of social, medical and economic reasons, alcohol is being recognized as a world –wide problem for which remedies and new ideas or policies are sought. Thus, Islam from its own policy and remedies on the use of alcohol, it examined the issue appropriately. This paper attempts to discuss the Juristic Approach on the concept of intoxicant (Khamr) and its punishments. The paper also highlights on the categories of intoxicants, conditions to be fulfilled before Hadd punishment is inflicted, the methods and approaches used by Islam to end the problem of intoxicants. There upon, the paper ends with conclusion and recommendations.


This thesis expounds the basic principles of spread spectrum communication,and then the article mainly acts according to the Shannon theorem and tan oak Czechoslovakia you Nepal may the husband latent antijamming theory,With the aid of MatLab toolbox and Monte Carlo simulation algorithm,it has established the direct sequence spread spectrum communications system simulation model which does not have when the disturbance through the analysis error rate simulation curve and theory predicted value,had proven constructs the simulation model the accuracy.


The present paper deals with burnout as a challenge of our modern business world, given the phenomenon of heavy work investment in our society. The present article is emphasizing the strong connection between business, psychology, and medicine when dealing with people working in a modern, international business environment. The research methods are multi-disciplinary, combining elements of business, corporate culture, psychology, and even medical issues that are relevant in this context. The research methods used in the present paper are qualitative methods, metadata, and interviews (the questionnaire as a qualitative method) completed by the assessment of data and by proposing appropriate indicators ensuring the monitoring of burnout tendencies in companies. The paper proposes an interdisciplinary approach, bringing together aspects of business and economics, psychology, life sciences, sociology, ethical issues, and cultural issues related to work. A tool for detecting burnout is analyzed. The research results can be relevant for managers and human resources departments.


Abstract Neuropharmacological actions of afloqualone were studied in experimental animals. The dose ratio of loss of righting reflex/muscle relaxant activity of afloqualone in mice was larger than those of tolperisone, mephenesin, and chlormezanone. Afloqualone, like tolperisone, me-phenesin, and diazepam, inhibited the ipsilateral flexor reflex, but not the patellar reflex. In decerebrate cats, the inhibitory activities of afloqualone and tolperisone on the polysynaptic spinal reflex were reduced to about 1/5 as compared with those in intact preparations, though the activities of diazepam and mephenesin were almost equal in the both preparations. In spinal preparation, the inhibitory activities of afloqualone, tolperisone, and mephenesin were almost equal to those in decerebrate preparations whereas that of diazepam was reduced to about 1/10 as compared with that in decerebrate preparation. Afloqualone and tolperisone inhibited not only the efferent r-discharges but also the increment and decrement of patellar reflex by stimulation of the lateral and medial reticular formation. These results suggest that the mode of action of afloqualone is different from the actions of mephenesin, chlormezanone, and diazepam. However, afloqualone, unlike tolperisone, showed no influence on the neuro-muscular transmission and inhibited little the muscle spindle discharges.


Classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, within the AMBER program package that runs entirely on a CUDAenabled NVIDIA graphic processing unit (GPU), were employed to study with low computational cost the dynamics of the methane-thiosulfonate spin label (MTSL) attached to the activation loop of Aurora-A kinase. MD provided information about the conformational space of MTSL in the protein environment; an isotropic and uniform distribution of orientations of the spin label in space was found due to the large exposure of the activation loop to the solvent water. A hydrodynamic approach was employed to determine the rotational protein tumbling, while the internal motion of the spin probe was determined from 94 GHz measurements that reflect the fast motions. The theoretical 9 GHz EPR spectra were calculated using configurations representing interactions between MTSL and water and the tyrosine residue 208 in the C-lobe and the comparison with experimental EPR spectra produced fits that successfully reproduced the experimental spectra in agreement with the average structures obtained from the MD trajectories showing the MTSL exposed to the solvent and probing the C-lobe of the protein. 1 First corresponding email address: firstname.lastname@example.com 2 Second corresponding email address: firstname.lastname@example.com


Prevention of the spinal accessory nerve (SAN) is an indispensable aspect of the functional neck dissection surgery to avoid highly disabling shoulder syndrome postoperatively. This requires comprehensive knowledge of the anatomy of SAN and its variations. Rare anatomical variations like SAN duplication can result in an inadvertant injury to the SAN. We report a case of duplication of SAN, which was encountered while doing a functional neck dissection surgery for oral squamous cell carcinoma. No iatrogenic injury occurred during the surgery and neither there was any SAN dysfunction post-operatively. Meticulous dissection and consistent identification of SAN, along with vast anatomical knowledge is the key to the preservation of the nerve during the surgery. This report aims to broaden our anatomical knowledge of SAN and also discuss the clinical implications and literature pertaining to the duplication of SAN.


Main themes : This advanced course describes the objectives, architecture, module contents and limitations of integrated planning systems used in supply chain management, with a special emphasis on the manufacturing and production function (the logistics, transportation and distribution functions are covered in LSM2033): Enterprise Planning Systems (ERP), Manufacturing Planning and Control Systems (MPCS), Advanced Planning and Scheduling Systems (APS). In the second part of the course, some specific supply chain planning problems are studied in more details, including mathematical formulations, solution methods and algorithms: Strategic Supply Chain Network Design problems, Tactical/Operational production planning and scheduling problems.


A binding implement for a document capable of providing excellent usability and workability by improving so that only the advantages of a conventional lever arch type ring binding implement can be utilized to increase the opening of a ring. The binding implement comprises a base part, the ring mounted on the base part and changeable between a closed attitude for binding the document and an open attitude in which the closed ring is partially opened to bind the document, and a switching mechanism mounted on the base part and switching the ring between the closed attitude and the open attitude. The ring comprises a first ring member and a second ring member brought into the open attitude and the closed attitude by the contact of the end parts thereof with each other or the separation of the end parts thereof from each other. The switching mechanism comprises a select lever swingably fitted to the base part. When the ring is in the open attitude, the select lever is so set that it can pass the opened portion of the ring and that the opening/closing speeds of the first ring member and the second ring member of the ring are different from each other.


Cancer Immunology
MICA and MICB proteins can be expressed on tumors and act as "kill me" signals to the immune system. But tumors often disguise themselves by shedding these proteins, which prevents specialized natural killer (NK) cells from recognizing and destroying the cancer. Ferrari de


Objectives To investigate what is the type of shoulder involvement in daily practice and in what kind of diseases it occurs Methods We enrolled 40 consecutive patients with shoulder US findings, with a mean age 59,42±7,5 years and different comorbidities. All patients underwent clinical, biologic and ultrasonographic assessment and they all signed the informed consent. The mean ESR was 26,6±24,6 and the cholesterol level was 212,74±49,6. Results The most frequent US finding was subacromial-subdeltoid (SASD) boursitis, which we found in 19 out of 40 patients (47,5%), followed by the supraspinatus tendon involvement, in 15 out of 40 patients (33,3%) and long head of biceps brahialis tendinitis in 11 patients (27,5%). Patients with bilateral SASD bursitis had rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as a main diagnosis. Between the 21 patients with any SASD boursitis, the most frequent diagnosis was RA (11 patients, 52,4%), followed by traumatic involvement of the shoulder (6 patients, 28,6%). In the same way, supraspinatus tendon lesion was mainly found in RA patients (8, 57,14%), followed by traumatic involvement of the shoulder (4,28,6%). Calcifications were found mainly in traumatic involvement of the shoulder, followed by gout and RA patients. Conclusions Most patients with shoulder involvement were rheumatoid arthtritis patients and those with traumatic lesions. Patients with boursitis or fluid in the BB tendon sheet were mainly rheumatoid arthritis patients and in the same time, patients with calcifications were mainly those with traumatic shoulder history. Disclosure of Interest None declared DOI 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.6067


This study aimed to determine bio-ethanol potential of poultry manure. The manure was hydrolyzed by dilute H 2 SO 4 (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1 M) at temperature of 100 and 130°C for 30 min. Maximum glucose (115.6 g/l) was obtained from hydrolysis of 100 g poultry manure by 0.8 M H 2 SO 4 at 100°C for 30 min. The study shows that treatment of poultry manure releases more total reducing sugar using 0.8 M H 2 SO 4 . Refractometry analysis of the fermented hydrolysate gave maximum ethanol concentration of 5% w/v with 0.8 M H 2 SO 4 and 4, 4, 3 and 2.5% of ethanol with 1, 0.6, 0.4 and 0.2 M H 2 SO 4 hydrolysis at 130°C for 30 min, respectively. Treatment with 0.8 M acid is an effective way that results to maximum yield and treatment with 0.2 M acid is the least effective. The optimum fermentation time is 24 h. Key words : Bioethanol, bio-mass, fermentation, conversion, ethanol fuel.


Abstract The use of short pulse laser for minimally invasive detection scheme has become an indispensable tool in the technological arsenal of modern medicine and biomedical engineering. In this work, a time-resolved technique has been used to detect tumors/inhomogeneities in tissues by measuring transmitted and reflected scattered temporal optical signals when a short pulse laser source is incident on tissue phantoms. A parametric study involving different scattering and absorption coefficients of tissue phantoms and inhomogeneities, size of inhomogeneity as well as the detector position is performed. The experimental measurements are validated with a numerical solution of the transient radiative transport equation obtained by using discrete ordinates method. Thus, both simultaneous experimental and numerical studies are critical for predicting the optical properties of tissues and inhomogeneities from temporal scattered optical signal measurements.


The present thesis deals with processes controlled by systems of delayed differential equations x′(t) = f(t, xt, u), t ≥ t0 where t0 ∈ R, f is defined on a subspace of [t0,∞) × C τ × R, m, r ∈ N, C τ = C([−τ, 0],R), τ > 0, xt(θ) := x(t+ θ), θ ∈ [−τ, 0], x : [t0 − τ,∞) → R. Under the assumption f(t, θ* m, θr) = θm, where θ* m ∈ C τ is a zero vector-function, θr and θm are r and m-dimensional zero vectors, a control function u = u(t, xt), u : [t0,∞)×C τ → R, u(t, θ* m) = θr is determined such that the zero solution x(t) = θm, t ≥ t0 − τ of the system is asymptotically stable and, for an arbitrary solution x = x(t), the integral ∫ ∞ t0 ω (t, xt, u(t, xt)) dt, where ω is a positive-definite functional, exists and attains its minimum value in a given sense. To solve this problem, Malkin's approach to ordinary differential systems is extended to delayed functional differential equations and Lyapunov's second method is applied. The results are illustrated by examples and applied to some classes of delayed linear differential equations.


The developed countries in the West like European-Union counties and the US made a series of the bills related to the cooperation of enterprises, universities research institutes in the 1980s, which provided an effective guarantee for the cooperation. With the lack of systematic and normative laws, many problems can't be solved based on the laws. To make full use of research resources in the academic world, carry out their foresighted and practical technical achievements which can be combined with the demand of enterprises, to assist the industrial world to enhance their ability to innovate and manufacture and to cultivate the superior professionals with practical experience, Shanghai government should timely make the policies and laws to stimulate the cooperation of enterprises, universities research institutes in accordance with local conditions so as to promote the development of the cooperation and to enhance the competitive force of Shanghai.


ABSTRACT The drawbacks of the welfare regimes approach mean that a more holistic framework is needed for comparative housing research.


China has kept high economic growth rate in recent years,but it does not mean that China has strong endogenous power of economic development.In the serious background of international financial crisis which influences Chinese entities constantly,the problem on the endogenous power in economic development is getting more and more prominent.So the lasting endogenous power in Chinese economic development should be created through the perfection of institution and the improvement of technology.This includes: accelerating the integration of urban and rural institutional innovation,fostering the implementation of civil-oriented investment promotion system,developing the ecological civilization system to save the energy resources and protect the ecological environment,promoting technological progress,and building the institutionalization of an innovation-oriented country.


Introduction The National Lung Cancer Audit, now in its 8th year, is run jointly by the Royal College of Physicians and The Information Centre for health and social care, and is commissioned by the Healthcare Quality Improvement Partnership (HQIP). Over this period, the audit has collected rich data of increasing quality and has charted improving standards of care for patients, as well as persistent variation across organisations which in most cases is independent of case-mix. Methods Although several other countries also submit data to the audit, this abstract presents provisional results for England only for patients first seen in 2012. Results 31,003 patient records were submitted with the improvement in recording of stage being the most noteworthy change in data quality. Full details are given in Table 1. Spirometry data is available for 63% of Stage I-II/PS 0–1 NSCLC patients. The histological confirmation rate has risen slightly after a dip in the previous year, and the proportion of patients with non-subtyped NSCLC continues to fall. There have been small but incremental rises in the anti-cancer treatment rate, the resection rate in histologically-confirmed NSCLC, and the proportions of patients having the input of specialist nurses and having the nurse present at the time of diagnosis. Increases are also noted in the proportion having CT scan before bronchoscopy (90%) and having chemotherapy for locally advanced NSCLC with good PS (57%). Variation in practice still exists–for example, the resection rate in Stage I-II NSCLC varies from 35% to 62% across the cancer networks. Our final presentation will contain further analyses of survival across the audit lifespan. Conclusions The lung cancer community should be very proud of the quality of data that they provide to the audit, data which provides clear evidence of gradually improving standards of care. Demonstrating that these improved diagnostic pathways and increased treatment rates translate into longer survival has so far proven elusive since short-term survival is heavily influenced by the large numbers of patients presenting with advanced incurable disease, but as the data matures it is hoped that longer-term survival will indeed increase. Abstract S106 Table 1. 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Data Completeness Number of cases 10,920 16,922 20,639 25,757 30,158 30,329 31,429 31,003 PS 66% 77% 80% 87% 88% 84% 89% 91% Staging 51% 55% 70% 77% 80% 82% 84% 94% Treatment 66% 72% 79% 82% 89% 89% 91% 91% Process and Outcomes HCR 68% 66% 65% 66.7% 69.5% 76.5% 73.8% 75.5% NSCLC NOS rate - 36% 32% 33.6% 30% 24% 19% 16% Discussed at MDT? 79% 84.3% 86.8% 88.6% 93.2% 96.1% 95.9% 95.6% Anti-cancer treatment? 45% 50% 52% 54% 58.9% 58.5% 60.5% 61.0% Overall resection rate 9% 9.4% 10.3% 11.2% 13.9% 13.9% 15.3% 15.5% NSCLC resection rate 13.8% 14.3% 15.2% 16% 19% 18.3% 21% 22% SCLC chemotherapy rate 57.7% 61.7% 64.5% 63% 66% 65% 68% 68% Seen by LCNS - - - 50.9% 64.4% 75.5% 79.4% 81.9% LCNS at diagnosis - - - 28.5% 41% 51.9% 58.7% 61.2% HCR = histo-cytological confirmation rate; LCNS = lung cancer specialist nurse; NOS = not otherwise specified


This research was conducted in the village of Suka Damai District Ujung Batu of Rokan Hulu. This study aims to determine how characteristics sand diggers in Desa Suka Damai, to know what are the factors that cause poverty in the sand diggers, and to determine strategies in resolve poverty in households sand diggers, this study is entitled: "Strategies Quarry Sand in Overcoming Poverty in the village of Suka Damai District Ujung Batu of Rokan Hulu ". The principal issues in this study is what factors cause the sand diggers poor and the strategies to overcome poverty they experienced. The samples in this research is using purposive sampling technique. Total population of the entire sand diggers are numbered 120 families (KK), a swab 30 families (KK) which has represented of the population that has been specified criteria. The method used is quantitative method with descriptive approach. Data filtering instrument used is observation, documentation and interview. The results have generally been carried out by the researcher, the researcher can say that the sand diggers in village Suka Damai poor, with the category of the amount of sand they produce in one day and also their income that amounted to 21 respondents (70%), they were only able bring and sells sand as much as 4-5 canoe in one day, and those with low educational factors also lead to poverty they are experiencing. The majority of the village of Suka Damai sand diggers have a strategy to anticipate their tough times, that is by doing side jobs, totaling 26 respondents (86.7%), they do a side job in hopes of reducing the burden of the family economy. Keywords: Sand diggers, Poverty, Strategy


Introducing the development situation and economy characteristic of fishery in Shandong Province, the paper opened out some implicated problems and difficulty emerged with the rapid development of fishery economy. And the paper put forward some countermeasures for sustainable development such as further liberating ideology, deepening fishery economic system transformation, optimizing and adjusting industrial structure, harmonizing the relationship of resources and environment, seawater and freshwater, fishing and farming, deep-sea and shoreline, production and procession, common varieties and famous fine varieties etc, fasten the speed of fishery industrialization, strengthen the comprehensive management of fishery resources, and fishery technology spreading, forecasting and preventing diseases, setting up information net, promoting cooperation and interchange both at home and abroad, investigating and analyzing fisheries markets.


To deal with the key technology for designing a high-speed bearingless switched reluctance motors(BSRM): electromagnetic design,structural strength and stability design,rotor stress design,thermal design,and magnetic material choosing.The principal of design and optimizing methods are presented.According to these considerations,a 7.5kW BSRM is designed.Radial force and electrical-magnetic torque are analyzed by employing the 2-D Finite Element Method,using ANSYS software.The motor electrical-magnetic designs are verified,through comparing the results of simulation with those of theoretical calculation and testing inductance of main and radial force windings of prototype motor.It is important to further optimize the parameters for high-speed BSRM.


The DOE funded KBase project of the Stevens group at the University of Chicago was focused on four high-level goals: (i) improve extensibility, accessibility, and scalability of the SEED framework for genome annotation, curation, and analysis; (ii) extend the SEED infrastructure to support transcription regulatory network reconstructions (2.1), metabolic model reconstruction and analysis (2.2), assertions linked to data (2.3), eukaryotic annotation (2.4), and growth phenotype prediction (2.5); (iii) develop a web-API for programmatic remote access to SEED data and services; and (iv) application of all tools to bioenergy-related genomes and organisms. In response to these goals, we enhanced and improved the ModelSEED resource within the SEED to enable new modeling analyses, including improved model reconstruction and phenotype simulation. We also constructed a new website and web-API for the ModelSEED. Further, we constructed a comprehensive web-API for the SEED as a whole. We also made significant strides in building infrastructure in the SEED to support the reconstruction of transcriptional regulatory networks by developing a pipeline to identify sets of consistently expressed genes based on gene expression data. We applied this pipeline to 29 organisms, computing regulons which were subsequently stored in the SEED database and made available on the SEED websitemore » (http://pubseed.theseed.org). We developed a new pipeline and database for the use of kmers, or short 8-residue oligomer sequences, to annotate genomes at high speed. Finally, we developed the PlantSEED, or a new pipeline for annotating primary metabolism in plant genomes. All of the work performed within this project formed the early building blocks for the current DOE Knowledgebase system, and the kmer annotation pipeline, plant annotation pipeline, and modeling tools are all still in use in KBase today.« less


In the last century librarians have seen major changes take place in the physical form of the library catalog. It was little more than a century ago that the primary physical form of the library catalog, the typeset book catalog, gradually gave way to the card catalog. Ironically, the typeset book catalog reached its zenith at about the same time as it was being superseded by the card catalog as the primary access tool to the library collection. The typeset catalog had proved to be effective with collections of moderate size and growth; it was portable, easily produced in multiple copies, and could be widely distributed—all desirable characteristics of a library catalog. Unfortunately the technology was such that the typeset catalog was unable to cope with collections that were increasing at exponential rates. Major catalogs of the period frequently took twenty years to prepare. They were out of date before they reached the printer and as a result did not reflect the holdings of the issuing library. In the late nineteenth century, the card catalog came into use in many of the country's prestigious libraries. The card catalog is, in many respects, inferior to the book catalog in that it is more difficult to use, inefficient in its use of space and not easily duplicated. Use of the card catalog grew out of the need to interfile new records at a reasonable expense and the desire to provide the public with an up-to-date catalog. The card catalog has remained the primary means of providing public access to library collections. With the development of electronic data-processing equipment in the 1950's, librarians saw the reemergence of the book catalog. The EDP/computerproduced book catalog became popular with public libraries that were opening new branches at a rapid rate and had a need for multiple copies of the cata-


Insect parasitoids are ubiquitous members of natural insect communities, as well as being important agents of biological control. Because of their economic importance and relatively simple life cycles, host-parasitoid systems have received much theoretical effort. In this essay, I first review the theory available for hostparasitoid systems, and in particular explore the effects of environmental variability, spatial subdivision, and migration. These factors are often thought to influence dynamics in the field, but until recently have not received much attention in theory. I then make some recommendations for empirical work that could assess the effects of these factors in the field, and especially how they influence the persistence (through time) of host and parsitoid populations. Using the unstable Nicholson-Bailey model (Nicholson and Bailey 1935) as a starting point, theory has sought mechanisms that stabilize its dynamics; the rationale is that stability should ensure the persistence of the host and parasitoid (an apparent feature of real systems, at least on large spatial scales). Many stabilizing mechanisms have been identified, including mutual interference among parasitoids (Hassell and Varley 1969), several types of parasitoid aggregation (Hassell and May 1973, 1974, May 1978, Hassell 1984, Chesson and Murdoch 1986), density-dependent parasitoid sex ratios (Hassell et al. 1983, Comins and Wellings 1985), and competition among parasitoid larvae (Taylor 1988a). However, Morrison and Barbosa (1987) have questioned the idea that stability leads to persistence, when the population is subject to environmental variability. They used a standard host-parasitoid model, the negative-binomial model (May 1978), and simulated a fluctuating environment by allowing parameters in the model to be random variables. They found that perilously low densities could arise even when the model was strongly stable. Although stability ensures that


not participate in the typical playdates of childhood, not only can the child become increasingly isolated, but the parent(s) of this child may also experience increasing feelings of isolation and loneliness. Social deficits such as lack of interaction with peers, lack of initiation, and lack of appropriate play skills are core symptoms of many developmental disabilities, most notably autism (American Psychiatric Association, 2000; Guralnick, 2001; Odom, McConnell, & Chandler, 1993). Research has shown that working on these deficits in the context of natural environments is the


Abstrcat The effect of direct current electric field on the solidified structure of Al-Si eutectic alloy is studied. The experiment results show that the growing shape of eutectic Si changes under the influence of electric field and with the increase of current density, the eutectic Si is fined. The mechanism of the mentioned phenomenon is also analyzed.


It is well known that historians are influenced by their own time and culture. We are all molded within the framework of our academic training and our education. Raymond Westbrook and I are both jurists, but we learned law in countries with very different legal traditions, namely England and France. It seems to me that our differences on several subjects dealing with Assyriology might reflect, at least partially, our own cultural and legal backgrounds. I wish to illustrate this intuition on the basis of a very bold and controversial article of Raymond Westbrook, entitled "The Nature and Origins of the Twelve Tables," published in 1988.1 There, he took a position that opposed both legal historians of continental Europe, as to the legislative value of Mesopotamian codes, and scholars of Roman law, as to the interpretation of the law of the Twelve Tables. I would like to address our contrasting opinions on these two complex issues, in order to show how stimulating Westbrook's work was in opening so many fruitful viewpoints. This paper was intended to open a dialogue with him, and like everybody here, I deeply regret that he cannot


In this paper we discuss about the semiprimitivity and the semiprimality of partial smash products. Let $H$ be a semisimple Hopf algebra over a field $\mathbb{k}$ and let $A$ be a left partial $H$-module algebra. We study the $H$-prime and the $H$-Jacobson radicals of $A$ and its relations with the prime and the Jacobson radicals of $\underline{A\#H}$, respectively. In particular, we prove that if $A$ is $H$-semiprimitive, then $\underline{A\#H}$ is semiprimitive provided that all irreducible representations of $A$ are finite-dimensional, or $A$ is an affine PI-algebra over $\mathbb{k}$ and $\mathbb{k}$ is a perfect field, or $A$ is locally finite. Moreover, we prove that $\underline{A\#H}$ is semiprime provided that $A$ is an $H$-semiprime PI-algebra, generalizing for the setting of partial actions, the main results of [20] and [19].


Ethnography is one of the oldest qualitative methods, yet increasingly, researchers from various disciplines are using and adapting ethnography beyond its original intents. In particular, a form of ethnography known as "focused ethnography" has emerged. However, focused ethnography remains underspecified methodologically, which has contributed to controversy about its essential nature and value. Nevertheless, an ever-evolving range of research settings, purposes, and questions require appropriate methodological innovation. Using the example of a focused ethnography conducted to study nurses' work experiences, this article will demonstrate how particular research questions, the attributes of certain cultural groups, and the unique characteristics of specific researchers compel adaptations in ethnography that address the need for methodological evolution while still preserving the essential nature of the method. URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs150111


The developing trend of foreign petroleum drilling rigs is reviewed. The difference between our drilling rig technique and foreign technique is analyzed. The suggestion from three aspects for speeding up developing ourdrilling rigs is put forward.


Introduction: Foti et al. proposed four mathematical models to determine the age by counting the erupted teeth and germs in children, obtained with the help of stepwise ascending multiple linear regressions. Among the four models, Model 1 regressive formula helps to determine the age by using radiographs that shows teeth and dental germs. The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Foti's method of dental age estimation by comparing the age estimated with the chronological age in the study population.
Materials and Method: A retrospective study has been conducted using 62 panoramic radiographs of subjects ranging from the age 6-20 years. The age estimation is done by Foti's Model No. 1 regressive equation using radiographs showing erupted teeth and dental germs.
Results: Statistical analysis indicated that there is signi?cant difference between chronological age and age obtained by Foti's method (p-value over estimation of age when Foti's model 1 regression formula is used in the present study population.
Conclusion: The present study indicates that Foti's Model 1 regression formula is inappropriate for age estimation in the present study population.

Keywords: Age estimation, dental age, Chronological age, Forensic dentistry, Foti's method


Eight typical samples of D. G. Khan Fuller's earth were subjected to HCI Acid activation and the suitability of the prepared clays was tested for their vegetable-oil bleaching properties. In order to determine suitable leaching conditions the clays were heated with HO acid for various time intervals. Acid concentration and the leaching time intervals were varied to find out optimum conditions. The investigation proved to be successful for the given purpose.


The making of a South African church historical bibliography: An historical and bibliographic survey The compilation of the History of the church in Southern Africa: a select bibliography of published material (compiled and edited by J W Hofmeyr and K E Cross) is discussed especially in historical perspective. The prime purpose of this article is to provide information both for the continuation of the project itself and to give for various purposes the outsider an insight into the compilation of a bibliography of this nature.


Ship hybrid propulsion system has been more and more popular in small-to-middle sized riverboats, 'river and sea' boats and coaster crafts, because of its high flexibility and efficiency. However, this hybrid power ship normally needs to reverse the main engine to asternway, in the braking period the main engine will even stop inj ection so as to shut its output torque off, which extends the braking time. In view of this phenomenon, this paper analyses the torque characteristics of propeller in the braking period by simulation. On the basis of propeller torque characteristics study, a MTPA(maximum torque per ampere) control method of shaft motor and the supercapacitor reserving mode is proposed to absorb braking energy, thus reducing braking time.


OF THESIS ENGINEERING SPORT SAFETY: A STUDY OF EQUESTRIAN CROSS COUNTRY EVENTING The sport of equestrian cross country eventing has seen many serious and even fatal injuries due to rotational horse falls in recent years. The sport originally consisted of horse and rider teams jumping stationary, wood fences. However, in a move towards increasing safety for horses and riders, frangible and deformable safety devices have been emerging in the field. This thesis provides an overview of safety designs that are currently available and those that are on the horizon. Also, a path-finder method of evaluating and developing safety fence designs was outlined and applied to two distinct designs, a hinged gate and a collapsible table fence. A full size prototype of the hinged gate was constructed and tested in the field in two different locations. The collapsible table fence design was developed and then a 1⁄2 geometric scale prototype was constructed to demonstrate design feasibility and to analyze design development challenges.


Using life cycle assessment,this paper has conducted an agricultural eco-environmental impact assessment to the whole lifespan of biogas system in Four-in-one eco-agricultural mode in north China.The result indicated that the total amount of pollutant,discharged from biogas system in whole lifespan,only accounted for about 20% of that discharged from equivalent coal burning,and reduced pollutant discharge by 80%.Biogas system has remarkable ecological environment benefits.


A hybrid analytical-numerical method for standing waves in water of any depth exactly satisfies the field equation, the bottom boundary condition, the periodic lateral boundary conditions and the mean water level constraint. The wave height and the kinematic and dynamic free surface boundary conditions are imposed numerically, as a problem in nonlinear optimization. The algorithm is confirmed against an existing fifth-order analytical theory. The method extends the available predictive range for standing waves to near-limit waves in deep, transitional, and shallow water. The limitations of the numerical method are clearly identified. The limit wave cannot be predicted but near-limit extreme wave indicators for wave height, wave number, and crest elevation are defined over the complete range of water depths.


The main aim of this research is to identify the factors that affect the commercial relation between fruit growers and export companies. The analysis is based on a cross-section survey data of 206 medium-scale farmers. The fi eldwork was carried out in the central regions of Chile, the heart of the fruit and vegetable production areas. This analysis is done by econometric estimation of logistic regression model. The results indicate that there is not suffi cient motives to state that there exists some problems between fruit growers and export companies. We conclude that the factors that increase the probability of having problems with the export companies are: infrastructure, long-term debt and credit constraints. On the other hand, the factor that reduces the probability of having problems is the number of hectares.


Three-dimensional printing technology as a new thing, the technology is a high and new technology of manufacturing of the industrial revolution significance, represents the new trend of world manufacturing industry development, for accelerating the development of advanced manufacturing industry, promote the two depth fusion, promote transformation and upgrading of industries have the important leading role.


In France, as in most countries in Western Europe, sub-Saharan immigrants are disproportionally affected by the HIV epidemic [1]. People born in Sub-Saharan Africa account for 31% of new HIV diagnoses and for 24% of the whole population of persons living with HIV in France [2]. Among migrants, HIV acquisition has long been considered to predominantly occur before migration because of generalized HIV epidemics in sub-Saharan African countries. However recent evidence from various European countries suggests that a substantial proportion of migrants from sub-Saharan Africa have acquired HIV while they were living in Europe [3]. In the UK, this proportion was recently estimated at 31% using a CD4-based modelling approach [4]. Such an estimate is not currently available for most European countries.


The non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of nucleated isotactic polypropylene was studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The modified Avrami theories of Jeziomy and Mo method were used to analyze the DSC data. The results suggested that the t1/2 of virgin PP was larger than that of nucleated PP at the same cooling rate. Meanwhile it can be seen in Mo method that the required cooling rate of virgin PP was higher than that of nucleated PP in order to get the same crystallini-ty, both of which showed that the addition of nucleating agent could improve the crystallization rate of PP. In Jeziomy method the Avrami exponent of virgin and nucleated PP was 4.46 and 2.77 respectively, which suggested that the addition of nucleating a-gent changed the mechanism of nucleation and growth.


Government has strong political resources and is the executor and representative of public authority. Government's role has direct impact on the efficiency and effectiveness of ecological civilization construction. As the subject of ecological civilization construction, government shall carefully define its role to reverse the ecological deterioration at the early stage so as to achieve China dream and perpetual development of Chinese nation.


Abstrcat?Because of the bad performace of caterpillar drifting machine,TJ102 wheel drifting machine was developedIt adopted proper motion structure,which uses one diesel for running and workingIt is hydraulic driven by 4 wheelsThe matching calculation between the diesel and the hydraulic torque converter design calculations for working power train and the running power train are preseuted.According to practical application,wheel drifting machine TJ102 has better performance in efficiency,crosscountry characteristic,running speed and operating convenience.


It is show that if Xi:ndotes the i-th order statistic in a random sample of n from a population with continuous distribution function F(x) then the conditiunal variance of X.i+1:n given Xi:n=x does not depend on X if, and only if, F(x) = 1- exp(-x/θ x ≥ 0, θ > 0.


Introduction The Bestiary: Establishing Ground Rules Birds: The Ornament of the Air The Fox: Laying Bare Deceit The Heraldic Image Bodies in the Hunt A Reading of The Knight's Tale The Wild Man 1: Figuring Identity The Wild Man 2: The Uncourtly Other Women and the Wild Conclusion Bibliography Index


A new rubber recycling technology to produce a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) based on ethylenepropylene-diene rubber (EPDM) waste was developed. In this technology, the developed process consists of devulcanization of EPDM waste, blending of the devulcanized EPDM and polypropylene (PP), aid dynamic vulcanization of the rubber- component. All three are set up in as a continuous process in which the Recycled Rubber based Thermoplastic Elastomer (which is indicated as "RR-TPE" henceforth) is finally obtained. The RR-TPE exhibits elasticity and mechanical properties similar to those of commercial Thermoplastic olefins (TPO). These properties may be due to a suitably formed phase structure. Automotive parts are being developed and are going to be produced with the RR-TPE manufactured by this new technology. This technology will contribute to both protecting the environment and saving resources.


This paper refers to the flat-bottomed production of Roman age ceramic vases expressly made to contain perfumes. Starting from morphological associations a first effort at an open typology is presented. Considering the typological aspect, it is not easy for the time being to define a complete line of evolution in shapes and diffusion; what is certain though is that perfume vases seem to be of local production and diffusion and, with rare exceptions, do not seem to be goods for a long distance trade.


On average, 5 million people each year are treated in Accident and Emergency (A&E) departments throughout the United Kingdom. Approximately 80,000 of these (1–6 per cent) attend because of bite and scratch wounds sustained from animals or other humans. Such wounds are an occupational hazard for anyone involved professionally with the handling and restraint of cats and dogs, particularly if the animal is sick or injured. This article describes the most common types of wound and some of the complications which may arise from them.


A new type cell utilizing spontaneous chemical doping and simultaneous electrochemical undoping in conducting polymers is studied. Open circuit voltage of 0.86 V and continuous short circuit current of ca. 2 mA are obtained in a cell consisting of polythiophene film (1.8 cm2×20 µm, 5 mg) as an electrocatalytic cathode against lead anode in sulfuric acid.


Jamstec-Ocean seismological database-Integrated byNetwork data (team JOIN) is started since 2012, with the purpose of developing an earthquake research information database through the integration of discrete database, such as real-time earthquake study and lithosphere structure research catalogue. JOIN is consist of three divisions, 1) seismological study using DONET (Dense Ocean-floor Network for Earthquake and Tsunamis) data, 2) sub-structural study for nankai-tonankai earthquake area, and 3) data-management and opent to public for oceanographic data acquired JAMSTEC equipment. These can lead not only scientific but practical outreach, consequently, disaster prevention of each local government. We have developed web-based real-time monitoring system of strong motion and pressure sensor of DONET observatory network, this is user-friendly tool for servant service of disaster prevention department. Trial operation with the monitoring system is undergoing for a few government close to nankai-tonankai area, aiming full-scale operation which will start from April 2014. Technical summary of this system will be introduced.


The intriguing nature of the top quark, by far the heaviest particle in the Standard
Model of particle physics, has motivated the development of many theoretical
extensions predicting the existence of new massive particles decaying to a pair of
top-antitop quarks. The production of these hypothetical particles in proton-proton
collisions at the Large Hadron Collider would reveal itself as a resonance in the
expected smooth distribution of the top-antitop quark invariant mass. This thesis
presents a search for such a new heavy particle decaying to a pair of top-antitop
quarks in the semi-leptonic final state. The analyzed data sample amounts to a
total of 4.6 fb−1 at a proton-proton collision center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. Novel
techniques specifically tailored to the identification of the decay products of highly
energetic top quarks are developed and used. No evidence for resonant production
of pairs of top-antitop quarks is found and, as a result, constraints are set on two
theoretical models. Upper limits on the production cross-section times branching
ratio are established at a 95% credibility level for a leptophobic Z
′ boson from the
Topcolor model, and a Kaluza-Klein gluon from the Randall-Sundrum model. The
Z
′ boson and the Kaluza-Klein gluon are excluded to exist (at a 95% credibility level)
in the mass ranges 0.8-1.65 TeV and 0.8-1.88 TeV, respectively. The constraints derived
in this thesis on the two theoretical models are more stringent than the ones
obtained at other experiments, thanks to the large center-of-mass energy and the
dedicated high-energy top quark identification techniques used.


In this paper, we study Toeplitz algebras generated by certain class of Toeplitz operators on the $p$-Fock space and the $p$-Bergman space with $1<p<\infty$. Let BUC($\mathbb C^n$) and BUC($\mathbb B_n$) denote the collections of bounded uniformly continuous functions on $\mathbb C^n$ and $\mathbb B_n$ (the unit ball in $\mathbb C^n$), respectively. On the $p$-Fock space, we show that the Toeplitz algebra which has a translation invariant closed subalgebra of BUC($\mathbb C^n$) as its set of symbols is linearly generated by Toeplitz operators with the same space of symbols. This answers a question recently posed by Fulsche \cite{Robert}. On the $p$-Bergman space, we study Toeplitz algebras with symbols in some translation invariant closed subalgebras of BUC($\mathbb B_n)$. In particular, we obtain that the Toeplitz algebra generated by all Toeplitz operators with symbols in BUC($\mathbb B_n$) is equal to the closed linear space generated by Toeplitz operators with such symbols. This generalizes the corresponding result for the case of $p=2$ obtained by Xia \cite{Xia2015}.


In this paper, we propose a lexicon optimization method based on confusability measure (CM) in order to reduce the decoding time for a large vo- cabulary continuous speech recognition (LVCSR) system. When lexicon is built or expanded for unseen words by using grapheme-to-phoneme (G2P) conver- sion, the lexicon size increases since G2P is generally realized by 1-to-N-best mapping. Thus, the proposed method prunes the confusable words in the lexi- con by a CM that is defined a linguistic distance between two phonemic se- quences. It is demonstrated from LVCSR experiments that the proposed lexicon optimization method achieves a relative real-time factor reduction of 23.13% on a task on the Wall Street Journal, compared to the 1-to-4-best G2P converted lexicon approach.


The Cramer-Rao lower bounds (CRLBs) for the parameter estimators of a damped sinusoidal process are derived in this paper. Succinct matrix expressions for CRLB's of frequency, damping factor, amplitude, and initial phase are given for both scalar and vector processes. The relationships between the CRLBs of the characteristic parameters are established in the general multimode case. In particular, explicit, closed-form expressions for the single mode scalar/vector-damped/undamped cases are provided. >


The main purpose of this article is to show the role of polls in the last presidential electoral process in Mexico. The thesis of the author is that polls aimed not only to inform about the tendencies of the campaigns but were also used as political instruments. Throughout the campaign, polls were used by different political forces as mechanisms to induce the vote showing the electorate that the candidate of their choice was ahead. This affects credibility of the instrument risking its use to predict results in the future. The author argues that it is necessary to design mechanisms to make this methodology credible again.