With the help of the auxiliary function method, we solved the improved Boussinesq (IBq) equation with fluid dynamic damping and the modified IBq (IMBq) equation with Stokes damping, and we obtained their three types of travelling wave exact solutions, which is an extension service of the numerical simulation and the existence of a solution. From the waveform diagram of IBq equation with hydrodynamic damping, it can be seen that when the propagation velocity of kink wave changes, the amplitude also changes significantly, and it is also found that the kink isolated waveform is significantly asymmetric due to the increase of damping coefficient v, which may be of some value in explaining some physical phenomena. In addition, the symbolic computing software maple makes our computing work easier.


With financial constraints curtailing the opportunity to grow our collections and buildings, and the ever increasing demand to improve the student experience, academic librarians are turning more towards quality in customer service in order to develop and enhance services. The word customer in customer services is one that causes a shudder in some more traditional members of the library profession. As Reg Carr so succinctly put it in his paper on academic "hybrid" library perspectives, "even now there are still a few library staff … who prefer, mistakenly, to think that their libraries exist primarily to provide them with employment, rather than first and foremost to serve their users". 1 The fact that libraries shy away from referring to their users as customers is an indication of the difficulty with which libraries have adapted to the new consumer approach to higher education. At Newcastle University Library, the Customer Services Group was keen to target improvements to services that are important to the users of the library, rather than projects that library staff felt were important to the users. The literature increasingly reports that the best method of developing high quality, relevant and useful services is to involve our users throughout the lifecycle. Nambisan's work validates this premise, with his tripartite vision of the user/customer as a resource for the initial ideas and drivers, as a co-creator as we consult them during the development of a service, and finally as the consumer of the service at the end point. 2 However, as the age of value for money and evaluation rolls on, students are ever increasingly required to fill in surveys and evaluation reports, leading to "survey fatigue." This makes the collection of opinion and ideas from our users an increasingly time consuming issue as we seek unusual methods in order to wring feedback from our users. Mindful of this questionnaire ennui, the Customer Services Group tasked themselves with devising a method of surveying, which was both painless to the users and gathered essential information for service innovation ideas.


Three Lebanese civilians were injured when a cluster bomb, left behind by Israeli occupation forces, went off in southern Lebanon on Thursday, a security source said.


This study examines the relationship between online learning behavior and learning outcomes with the aim of identifying early predictors of learners' persistence and success. Research focused on the first learning units of online language courses in a developing country in order to provide teachers and administrators with a simple model for identifying at-risk students. Using data from 716 students enrolled in 24 English courses at a Peruvian university, learning analytics approach was applied, framed by the self-determination theory (SDT). Results suggest that unit completion rates and time spent on learning, which are both related to sense of autonomy, strongly predict persistence at the course mid-point. Moreover, the same variables can predict student persistence as early as unit three, providing even earlier indications for dropping out. Quiz score and midterm grade, which are related to the SDT competence construct, moderately predict achievement, defined as the final exam grade. Relatedness factors (emails and Facebook activity) were not found to be early predictors.


For the common quality defects on airport cement concrete pavement such as side or corner peeling,surface pattern crack or annular crack,slab fracture,and voids and pits,according to the characteristics of large area concrete pavement construction and environmental factors,the causes of these quality defects are analyzed and the corresponding control measures are put forward,which have achieved significant effect in practical engineering.These measures can be reference for cement concrete pavement construction.


The present invention relates to a system for treating combustion exhaust gases comprising a moisture recovery device using a separation membrane, which is capable of effectively treating exhaust gases by recovering the moisture remaining in the existing exhaust gases using the separation membrane. According to the present invention, the moisture in the exhaust gas treatment process can be removed and thus the generation of visible smoke can be prevented, and a reheating effect for the acceleration of exhaust gas diffusion can be expected even when using a reheating heater having a low capacity.


The PRCI Technical Committees have carried many research projects related to the subject of Leak Detection. This report, therefore, presents a summary of past PRCI funded studies in the area of Leak Detection. Since studies sponsored by other industry groups (e.g., INGAA, EPRG, APIA, CEPA, etc.) or by individual pipelines companies are not included, this report does not represent a review of the topic in the broader industry-wide sense. Instead, it is designed to provide a guide to past work so that current TC members can identify and locate project reports that might be of use in addressing their current day-to-day Leak Detection issues.


Abstract We study the Jacobi continued fraction and the Hankel determinants of the Thue-Morse sequence and obtain several interesting properties. In particular, a formal power series φ(x) is being discovered, having the property that the Hankel transforms of φ(x) and of φ(x2) are identical.


The channel whose impulse response contains a large number of zero taps is sparse. Exploiting the sparsity of the channel, the estimation problem can be converted into an on-off keying (OOK) detection problem. Therefore, a sparse channel estimation algorithm was proposed. First, with an initial estimate, posed a detection problem by casting the determination of non-zero taps into an OOK communication problem; then took precise evaluation against the established non-zero taps position. In the simulation, the proposed algorithm was compared to the standard LSE via simulations in terms of MSE and BER. The results show that, the proposed algorithm can provide the best performance while maintaining moderate complexity.


Abstract : This report presents results of an ethnoarchaeological study of Waverly Plantation in Clay County, Mississippi. The community focus makes the archaeological data more compatible with the oral history and history collected at the same time. The study of tenant farmers at Waverly Plantation used a multidisciplinary approach to obtain and synthesize data on extinct community. Archaeology, history, and oral history present both overlapping and divergent viewpoints to cross-check and supplement each other. The Waverly study makes several important contributions. This is the first systematic study of tenant farmers in the late 19th and early 20th centuries making use of material culture, oral testimony, and written documents. Much research has been done on antebellum plantations but little on their postbellum counterparts. The Waverly study continues that research past the Civil War and into the mid-20th century demonstrating the survival of the plantation as an economic system up to the present. The Upper Tombigbee River plantations are among the least studied in the South, for Waverly Plantation was the first. The Waverly study also contributes to black history by presenting a unique local history about black tenant farmers, a group conspicuously missing from many histories.


We describe cases of invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) in mothers or neonates and assess management according to national guidelines, which recommend administering antibiotics to both mother and neonate if either develops iGAS infection within 28 days of birth and investigation of clusters in maternity units.


Dying is one of the basic existential experiences which, at the most fundamental level, both connects and separates humans from the rest of animate nature. What they have in common is the biological dimension, while divisions occur at the cultural level. Within Western culture, based on the Christian religion, the death of an animal, seen as a soul-less being, is deprived of the sacred dimension and perceived as a biological act of cessation of all vital functions. This belief is contrasted with the perspective of companion animal caretakers, for whom the individual experience of going through the process of dying and the death of their pet can be a traumatic experience, comparable to the experience of the death of a human loved one. In this article, I consider the following: caretakers' reac- tions to the loss, the specificity of the bond that affects grief, analogies between mourning after the death of a human and a pet, the role of ritual in the mourning process, strategies and ways of reorganizing the relationship with the deceased pet, and social attitudes faced by the caretakers in response to their grief, with particular emphasis on the phenomenon of disenfranchised grief. The text is based on ethnographic qualitative research focused on the caretakers' experiences related to the disease and death of companion animals.


Loss of vision leading to blindness is commonly due to photoreceptor or ganglion cell malfunction. No evidence exists to suggest that a lesion associated with other retinal celltypes (Müller cells, horizontal cells, bipolar cells and amacrine cells) can directly lead to blindness. However, in ischaemia for example, impairment of Müller cell and astrocyte functions could lead to the death of retinal neurones including photoreceptors and ganglion cells. A challenge in ophthalmology is therefore to find ways of attenuating photoreceptor or ganglion cell injury as occurs in various diseases. With the increased knowledge of genetics and the finding that gene malfunctions are associated with certain retinal diseases, the use of gene therapy as a method for attenuating loss of photoreceptor function in retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration has become a possibility. Great progress has been made in this area in animal studies and it is only a matter of time before gene therapy is tested on humans. Retinal transplantation technology has also advanced over recent years and the results of animal studies have shown some promise, but the visual results from limited human studies have thus far been disappointing. The use of stem cells may provide new opportunities in this area. Many studies have suggested that altered blood flow dynamics in defined ocular blood vessels are a cause for ganglion cell or photoreceptor death in diseases such as glaucoma, ischaemic optic neuropathy, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa. As a consequence, great efforts are being made to correlate changes in ocular blood flow characteristics with the loss of ganglion cell and/or photoreceptor function in defined diseases so that appropriate treatments can be undertaken. Advancement in this area, however, continues to be slow and controversial. This is because measuring ocular blood dynamics in defined microvessels needs to be performed on human subjects and thus is often indirect, so that interpretation of information is difficult. The use of chemicals or pharmacological agents to attenuate whatever causes the death of photoreceptors or ganglion cells in the various blinding diseases is another procedure worthy of consideration and is the subject of this article. Support for this approach is very strong but is based almost entirely on animal studies. The word "neuroprotection" in ophthalmology has been primarily associated with ganglion cell survival and is hardly used in connection with photoreceptor survival, perhaps because photoreceptors lack certain neurone characteristics (they do not stain positive for neurone-specific proteins like PGP 9.5). The term neuroprotection is applied here to both photoreceptors and ganglion cells.


The objective of this paper is to present some aspe ct r garding the cold plastic deformation (SCPD) of the exterior cylindrical surfaces, using a rotor olling process. Starting from the known current kno wledge, authors distinguish the constructive solution of th e original working head and the entire device reali zed, in order to apply the rotorolling process for the meta l rotation parts without steps. The mathematical m odeling process allows establishing the forma functions. Af ter applying this type of mechanical treatment to t he shaft C45 TU (parts shaft type without steps), the parame ters which enter in this process influence the supe rficial layer micro hardness. The final conclusions highlig hts the positive aspects resulting from the applica tion of the rotorolling as mechanical treatment and some direct ons for future researchers in this domain


Ionizing radiation detectors of all types are becoming of increasing importance and the most important types for portable radiation detectors have been ionization chambers and Geiger tubes. Herein is described a new portable detector, the phosphor-phototube type, which is a novel development.


The biotechnological analysis of modern barley varieties of national and foreign origin for the presence of valuable SE-ve genotypes was done. Identification of the allelic status of the gene was performed among 109 barley samples using the developed multiplex PCR system for SNAP molecular markers. Among the studied varieties SE+ve allele was identified in 75 barley samples and the other contained SE-ve allele. 6 samples which revealed both alleles SE+ve and SE-ve were heterogeneous (+/-). The obtained results were compared with the data of the State register of plant varieties suitable for dissemination in Ukraine and showed that 8 samples referred to as forage, contained SE+ve allele and none of them were SE-ve allele. Of 38 varieties, which quality was identified as suitable for brewing, 19 contained SE+ve allele, the rest — allele SE-ve. The results of performed analysis of the spring barley collection for allelic composition of HvITR1 gene are of great practical importance as for the correct selection of mating pairs for malting breeding, for the selection of elite plants in breeding populations, or evaluation of barley seeds for beverage brewing purposes.


This research aims to understand the role of local wisdom in mediating the relationship between community empowerment and sustainable tourism development. The study was conducted in Bongkasa Tourism Village, using a sample of 100 participants selected through stratified random sampling. The research employed the Partial Least Squares (PLS) approach with a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) equation model. The findings of this study indicate that local wisdom has a positive influence on sustainable tourism development. Community empowerment also has a positive influence on sustainable tourism development. Furthermore, the local wisdom of the community mediates the relationship between community empowerment and sustainable tourism development. The results of this research can serve as a reference for understanding and making decisions regarding the enhancement of the uniqueness of tourism villages in Bali and Indonesia as a whole.


Domoic acid (DA), a potent neurotoxin, is synthesized by certain members of the ubiq- uitous marine diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia. We recently detected elevated concentrations of DA in phytoplankton field samples from the northern Gulf of Mexico. In searching for a possible source of the toxin, we used a receptor-binding assay to detect DA activity in cultures of P. sp. cf. pseudodeli- catissima (Hasle) isolated from this region and confirmed its presence in 2 of 7 clones using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass-spectrometric detection (LC-MS/MS). Unlike other toxic Pseudo-nitzschia species examined previously (e.g., P. multiseries, P. australis), cellular levels and net production of DA in these clones were highest in the early exponential phase, while the population growth rate was high and cell concentration was low. There was a negative correlation between cel- lular DA and cell concentration. The maximum cellular DA activity in cultures was 36 fg DA equiv. cell -1 . No net toxin production was evident in the stationary phase, yet extracellular DA levels increased markedly during this period to as much as 88% of the total DA in the cultures. Interest- ingly, these 2 toxic clones were able to enlarge their cell size after the apical axes declined to 15 to 25 µm, and these larger cells had considerably higher levels of DA than the original small cells. This study unequivocally establishes P. sp. cf. pseudodelicatissima as a source of DA in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Moreover, our work suggests that rapidly growing, rather than nutrient-limited, popula- tions of this diatom should yield maximum net DA production rates and DA cell quotas. Thus, the presence of P. sp. cf. pseudodelicatissima cells, even at the low levels of early, rapidly growing bloom stages, can potentially lead to toxic events.


Abstract Background Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection is a significant public health problem associated with a high morbidity and mortality. HCV recurrence is a particular concern in patients with ongoing high-risk behaviors. Previous studies have shown a wide variation in HCV reinfection rates, but have considered small selected populations. The aim of our study was to estimate the HCV reinfection rates in a representative real-world cohort of HCV/HIV co-infected patients in Houston, Texas and to compare it with published data. Methods Retrospective cohort study of HCV/HIV co-infected patients treated between January 2004 to July 2016 at a freestanding HIV clinic that serves indigent and minority patients. HCV reinfection was defined as a single detectable HCV RNA level after achieving SVR 12. We reviewed demographic data, risk behaviors, laboratory tests and treatment outcomes. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate reinfection rates. A meta-analysis was performed to calculate the reinfection rates reported in the literature in different patient populations. Results Of 288 patients treated, 187 (65%) achieved SVR12 by the end of the study. Follow-up data were available in 151 (81%) patients. Median follow-up time after SVR12 was 1.26 (0.66, 2.13) years. After achieving SVR12, two patients became reinfected, with a reinfection rate of 10.8 (1.3–39.1) per 1,000 PYFU. Our meta analysis demonstrated higher reinfection rates in different populations (87.8 (60.9–127) per 1,000 PYFU in MSM; 65.6 (34.1–126) per 1,000 PYFU in IVDU and 13.5 (10.4–17.5) per 1,000 PYFU in non-IVDU). In our patient population, the mean time from SVR12 to reinfection was 52.5 weeks, and reinfection was with the same HCV genotype. Both patients were MSM and reported high-risk sexual behavior; one patient also developed syphilis. Both patients have been retreated. One has achieved SVR12 and the other has successfully completed treatment and is awaiting SVR12 check-up in the following weeks. Conclusion The reinfection rate in our diverse cohort of HIV/HCV treated patients is very low compared with others studies. Efforts to reduce risk behaviors are important if HCV elimination is to be achieved. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.


Current thinking about the interpretation of screening tests suggests that the likelihood ratio, which measures the relationship between sensitivity and specificity, is the best indicator of the usefulness of a test, such that if the likelihood ratio is more than ten, we have found a 'good test'. One weakness of the likelihood ratio is that it does not depend on the prevalence of the disorder, unlike the positive and negative values of the test; thus with conditions of low prevalence it is possible that a screening test may have a high likelihood ratio but a low positive predictive value, rendering the test useless if the false positives cause many unnecessary invasive interventions. In clinical practice most screening tests are relatively inefficient, and are useful more for the exclusion rather than the diagnosis of disease, in which case the negative predictive value becomes the most important attribute of the test. Three papers in this issue illustrate the value of the negative predictive value. Pelvic lymphadenectomy is an important part of the surgical treatment of many gynaecological cancers, but has two main problems surgical complications may occur such as haemorrhage and the formation of lymphocysts; and histological examination of the pelvic lymph nodes often reveals no metastases. Hanna-Leena Helin and her colleagues (pages 4 1 0 4 14) developed a technique of ultrasonic examination of the pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes during surgery just before formal lymphadenectomy, and calculated the efficiency of the technique in the diagnosis of metastases to the lymph nodes. The test has only modest sensitivity and specificity, but the predictive value of a negative test was 97%. This finding is of great practical importance, for it should give gynaecologists courage not to undertake a hazardous lymphadenectomy where the ultrasound scan is negative. Helin and her colleagues are now developing the technique for use in the laparoscopic treatment of gynaecological cancer. Abnormal bleeding in women taking hormone replacement therapy is common and causes anxiety for the woman and her gynaecologist. The usual investigation is some form of endometrial biopsy, but R. Lindgren and colleagues (pages 421-426) show that this is not always necessary. The authors conducted an observational study of 564 women taking various forms of hormone replacement therapy who underwent transvaginal ultrasound examination and endometrial biopsy, to determine the efficiency of ultrasound in the identification of significant endometrial pathology. All the women took combined oestrogen and progestogen hormone replacement therapy, in short cycle, long cycle or continuous combined regimens; and before the study none had significant gynaecological disorders. After two years of treatment no case of endometrial cancer or atypical hyperplasia was found, and only eight cases of simple hyperplasia. The sensitivity and specificity of endometrial thickness of 4 mm or more measured by transvaginal ultrasound were only modest, but the predictive value of a negative test was 99%; however, about one-half of all the women had positive tests. This information is still useful, for it will reduce the need for endometrial biopsy by one half in women taking hormone replacement therapy who have abnormal vaginal bleeding. What is the appropriate treatment for small ovarian cysts fortuitously discovered in perimenopausal women? If the cyst persists or enlarges it is usually removed, but in only a few cases is significant pathology present. H. Sasaki and colleagues (pages 415-420) found 225 women with asymptomatic small ovarian cysts in a study of screening for ovarian cancer, and followed these women for over six years. Cox's proportional hazards model showed that the only factors which were associated with persistence or progression of the cysts were the concentrations in the plasma of carcinoembryonic antigen and CA19-9 at the initial diagnosis. The authors did not formally measure the efficiency of these tests, but inspection of Table 3 shows that they have modest sensitivity and specificity, and that the predictive value of a negative test is about 80%. This is not quite so convincing as ultrasonography in the diagnosis of lymph node metastases or endometrial hyperplasia, but a more sophisticated analysis of small ovarian cysts is required, where the output of the Cox's proportional hazards model is used to construct a score, the predictive value of which is then tested, using a receiver-operator characteristic curve. The score developed in this way may help prevent unnecessary operations. Because of the limitations in our understanding of the biology of gynaecological cancer our screening tests are crude, and one penalty of this inherent inefficiency is an excess of invasive treatments. These three papers show the value of tests with a high negative predictive value, to prevent unnecessary lymphadenectomy, unnecessary endometrial biopsy and unnecessary oophorectomy.


........................................................................................................................................ ii List of Tables ............................................................................................................................... vi List of Figures ............................................................................................................................. vii Chapter I Spider Phylogenomics: Untangling the Spider Tree of Life ........................................


In general, esterification reactions are favored by the increase in reaction temperature, excess of one of the reactants (usually alcohol), and additions of acid or basis catalysts. Esterification of oleic acid with methanol catalyzed by Nb2O5·nH2O calcined at different temperatures showed good conversion rates, especially at reaction temperature of 100°C and higher catalyst proportions. PLS calibration showed good results for predicting the amounts of methyl oleate in reaction products.


The utility model discloses a vehicle double-motor internal and external windshield wiper, which comprises an external windshield wiper and a driving device, and is characterized by also comprising an internal windshield wiper, wherein the driving device consists of two motors; a swing link of the internal windshield wiper is connected with an internal wiper blade in branch-shaped multi-node hinge; the first motor is connected with the external windshield wiper to form a four-link structure; the second motor is connected with the internal windshield wiper to form a four-link structure; two motor cranks rotate to drive rockers of the internal windshield wiper and the external windshield wiper to rotate respectively; the rockers rotate to drive links to move; the links move to drive the swing link to swing; and continuous rotary motion is changed into left-right swing motion through the four-link mechanism, so that the swing link swings left and right at a certain frequency. The wiper blade of the internal windshield wiper is provided with a single clamping gap; a super absorbent resin windshield wiper is arranged in the clamping gap; the wiper blade of the external windshield wiper is a double-layer high-carbon spring steel sheet and is provided with two parallel clamping gaps; and double adhesive tapes are arranged in the clamping gaps. The vehicle double-motor internal and external windshield wiper has the advantages of removing rainwater outside the vehicle and removing frost fog inside the vehicle without affecting the sight of a driver.


Introduction The first part of this article (Practicul Diabetes, July/August 1991, p138-40) considered the nccd for, and the technical aspects of, pancreatic transplantation. The world pancreas transplant registry reports that over 2,000 transplants have been performed since the late 1970s and that thc results with respect to patient and graft survival are improving. Some of the surgical tcchniqucs devcloped in the last two decades arc still popular in some centres (see Figure I ) . A major advance has been the increascd use of whole pancreaticduodenal transplantation with exocrine drainage to the bladder (SCC Figure2 and part one o f this article for a more detailed discussion).


THE scholarly article entitled 'Muslim institutions of learning in eleventhcentury Baghdad' by Dr. George Makdisi deserves careful study. It is much more than a mosaic of notices of institutions and men of learning; it has a thesis running through its course, which seeks to elucidate the character of the madrasah in general and that founded by Niẓām al-Mulk in Baghdad in particular.


There are several different types of joint in the skeleton (Table 3.1). The synovial joints are the most numerous and the only ones commonly affected by disease. Some joints change their appearance with age and these changes are often used by physical anthropologists to help age a skeleton. The pubic symphysis and the auricular surface of the ilium are particularly useful in this regard. The structure of a typical synovial joint is shown in Figure 3.1. In this type of joint the articulating ends of the bone are held in place by a capsule which is composed externally of a layer of fibrous tissue that varies in thickness partly due to the attachment of ligaments of tendons. The inner layer is composed of the synovial membrane. The capsule is well supplied with blood vessels, lymphatics and nerve endings which may extend down to the synovial membrane. The articulating ends of the bone are covered with cartilage which varies in thickness from 1–7 mm; it is thicker in larger than in small joints and in joints under considerable stress, such as those of the leg. The cartilage is avascular, has no lymph vessels and is not innervated. The cartilage-forming cells (the chondrocytes) obtain their nutrients by diffusion from fluid within the joint. Articular cartilage provides a moveable surface with an extremely low coefficient of friction, much less than that of two opposing Teflon-coated surfaces.


E x a c t ly o n e w e e k a f t e r P r e s i d e n t B a r a c k O b a m a 's inaugura tion , a round tab le of p o l i t i c a l s c ie n c e p r o f e s s o r s m e t fo r a p a n e l d i s c u s s io n , ta lk in g a b o u t O b a m a 's c h a l  lenges as he begins to tackle econom ic and m ilita ry c r ises a g a i n s t a b a c k d r o p of h igh expectations. T h e d i s c u s s io n w a s t i t l e d "Challenges and Opportunities F a c in g th e O b a m a A d m in i s t r a t io n " a n d he ld in t h e C o le m a n M o r s e lo u n g e Tuesday evening. Professor Dan Lindley spoke of an overlooked dimension of dealing with high expectations. "The power he gets from his p o p u la r i ty is in ta n g ib le , b u t nonetheless rea l ," Lindley said. S in c e th e p u b l i c e x p e c t s Obama to bring about so much positive chan g e , they will be m ore willing to back his p ro  posals, he said. "H igh e x p e c t a t i o n s a r e a form of power," Lindley said. These expectations will apply to many different crises as the United S ta tes confron ts c h a l  lenges in a varie ty of a renas , according to the professors at the roundtable. Lindley spoke of the need to build strong alliances by focus ing on mutual interests to meet


AlH3 is a promising hydrogen storage material due to its high hydrogen capacity(10%,mass fraction) and relatively low dehydriding temperature(100—200 ℃).However,the complicate synthesis procedure restricts the fundamental investigation and practical application of AlH3.In this paper,with LiAlH4,LiBH4 and AlCl3 as the raw materials,pure α-AlH3 and γ-AlH3 were prepared and their dehydriding properties were studied.The experimental results show that the hydrogen desorption capacity of the prepared AlH3 reaches 8.3% —8.5%(mass fraction),and the dehydriding temperature ranges from 120 ℃ to 160 ℃.The peak dehydriding temperature of γ-AlH3 is 8.2 ℃ lower than that of α-AlH3 .The activation energies of dehydriding reaction of α-AlH3 and γ-AlH3 are 94.6 kJ / mol and 86.3 kJ / mol,respectively.During heating procedure,α-AlH3 directly decomposes and releases hydrogen,while γ-AlH3 transforms to α-AlH3 before decomposition.


This is an examination of the issue of water encroaching over the monumented boundary of a non-riparian upland parcel, as dealt with at the 1912 trial of Volcanic Oil and Gas Co. v. Chaplin. The pr...


The conventional Structure-Conduct-Performance (S-C-P) paradigm is examined for the industrial sector in India. Empirical results obtained through panel data econometric analysis suggest that the S-C-P paradigm is tenable for the Indian industries, with concentration and a number of entry-barrier variables like R&D intensity and degree of vertical integration providing significant explanation for variation in rates of return across Indian industries. Advertising intensity, usually used to capture the effects of entry barrier as well as product differentiation on differences in profitability across industries, is also found to be important.


In China, it's very difficulty for the voluntary insurance of medical liability insurance to develop. Therefore, there are some experiences coming from different provinces in union medical liability insurance by local government command. This article introduces that union medical liability insurance in Yunnan Province, Shenzhen City and Beijing City and suggests that how to develop union medical liability insurance in China.


THIS paper presents some of the ten-year experience of the Los Angeles County Hospital with blood iodine determinations, which are done as a routine procedure in the general chemistry laboratory of the hospital and in the private laboratory of one of the authors (A.L.C.). It is not the purpose of this discussion to attempt to establish a set of precise values for protein-bound iodine in various accurately defined disease states, but rather to report the values that have been obtained in "routine" hospital practice in these states. The material has been drawn from special studies on patients seen in the thyroid clinic and from the clinical records of the Los Angeles County Hospital, from the present back to 1938. Experience in therapeutic studies with this procedure for determining blood protein-bound iodine (PBI) during a two-year study in which hundreds of tests were made in the serial observation of hyperthyroidism treated with antithyroid drugs indicated its reliability and usefulness in measuring thyr...


A new on-line version of the gold amalgamation trap was proposed for the determination of Hg0 in crude oil and related products prior to its detection by atomic absorption spectrometry. On-line analyses were carried out by a homemade gold amalgamation trap (GAT), heated at 120 °C during the Hg0 amalgamation, coupled to a commercial mercury analyzer, containing a spectral corrector based on the Zeeman effect. The heating avoided the collection of many volatile hydrocarbons onto the trap, and the Zeeman-effect corrector avoided the interferences caused by part of the organic vapors, which were collected onto the trap during the Hg0 amalgamation. Experimental parameters such as carrier gas flow, Hg0 release temperature and Hg0 amalgamation time were investigated. LOD and LOQ values of 0.06 and 0.21 μg L−1 Hg0 were obtained, respectively. Precision was always better than 10%. Quantitative Hg0 recoveries (85–116%) were obtained for the spiked certified reference materials and spiked crude oil, diesel and gas condensate samples.


ABSTRACT Water and nutrient restrictions are the factors that limiting growth of maize in arid/semi-arid climate. Calcium (Ca2+) uptake is affected severely under drought stress (DS). The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of DS and foliar applied Ca2+ on growth, physiological, biochemical, yield and grain-nutrient content in two maize cultivars i.e. drought-tolerantDekalb-6525 and drought-sensitive Yousafwala-hybrid. The study comprised of two phases; firstly the best rate of Ca2+ (20, 40 and 60 mg L−1) was evaluated. Secondly, optimized rate of Ca2+ (40 mg L−1) was used to assess physio-biochemical and yield responses of maize under DS. The applied DS caused significant reduction in maize growth, water-status, photosynthesis and grain nutrient contents. Foliar Ca2+ markedly improved plant growth, water-potential (18%), turgor-potential (75%), photosynthesis (45%), stomatal-conductance (47%), transpiration rate (43%) and accumulation of total soluble sugars (20%) along with decline in H2O2 content (23%) in both cultivars under DS. Furthermore, optimized rate of Ca2+ improved maize grain yield and quality under water-deficit conditions. Cultivar Dekalb-6525 presented significant response to Ca2+ over Yousafwala-hybrid. Results of the study surmise that foliar supply of Ca2+ is an effective approach to make plants vigorous to thrive under limited-water supply.


This paper reports the design, development and experimental characterization of spoof plasmonics based bandpass filter (BPF) using T-shaped resonator and metamaterial particles. The operational behavior of slow wave spoof SPP based T-shaped resonator has been explained through even-odd mode analysis. For input/output coupled feed, a corrugated groove based slow wave transmission line has been used. Further, by etching metamaterial particles in T-shaped resonating structure, lower operating frequency, better matching, and higher selectivity are achieved with the same physical dimension. The designed filter has a single band response with center frequency f0 of 3 GHz. Measured insertion loss is around ~3 dB and return loss is better than 10 dB for the pass-band. The proposed filter has two transmission zeroes at both sides of the pass-band located at 2.97 GHz and 3.2 GHz which enhance the selectivity of the pass-band. The 10 dB out of band spurious rejection bandwidth of the designed filter is 4 GHz (3.2 GHz-7.2 GHz) which is > 2f0. The proposed filter will pave an important role in the design and development of plasmonic circuits and systems.


Purpose We aimed to establish a novel screening system for identifying potential therapeutic agents for treating proliferative vitreoretinal diseases (PVDs). In this study, we focused on vitreous explants from chicken embryos and evaluated the usefulness of quantitatively analyzing the effects of potential candidates on cell-mediated vitreous contraction, which leads to blindness in PVDs. Methods Vitreous explants were extracted from 19-day-old embryonic chickens and then incubated with retinal Müller cells or endothelial cells to permit cell adhesion. After cell adhesion occurred, we examined the effect of the attached cells on the wet weight of vitreous explants as an index of vitreous contraction. We also performed hematoxylin and eosin staining to characterize the cell morphology on the vitreous surface. Results Contraction of the vitreous explants was observed after cell adhesion of not only retinal Müller cells but also endothelial cells. We confirmed the adhesion of these cells on vitreous explants and estimated the number of adherent cells with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) analysis. The cells on the vitreous surface presented an elongated fibroblast-like phenotype. Integrin was found to be a receptor involved in cell adhesion on the vitreous surface. Discussion Our results suggest that vitreous explants from chicken embryos may be novel useful tools for screening antiadhesion therapeutic agents in PVDs. This preliminary study must be validated with human vitreous and human retinal pigment epithelial cells.


In order to study the shift control of power split continuously variable transmission (PSCVT), the integrated shift dynamic models for the set of engine, magnetic powder clutch and transmission are established based on the analysis of its configuration and working principle. The shift simulation shows that the magnetic powder clutch connecting condition can be adjusted and the shifting quality can be improved by means of controlling magnetic powders clutch field current, which at last result in the improvement of vehicle performance.


• Standard format that dates back to the Peterson Guides • Species are presented separately in taxonomic order with one or more side views of the basic and alternate plumages. • Vocalizations are covered using brief transliterations ("seet seet seet"). • Aging and Sexing is not covered completely in the plates and usually not in the text. • Comparisons of similar species may be mentioned in the text but requires the reader to jump from page to page. THE WARBLER GUIDE


by: Robert J. Dexter Jerome F. Hajjar Sara D. Prochnow Mark D. Graeser Theodore V. Galambos Sean C. Cotton Author Ro b e rt Dexter is an Associate Professor of Structural Engineering at the University of Minnesota. He teaches courses on dynamics, structural analysis, steel design, materials, and fracture mechanics. His research interests include 1) experimental and analytical/numerical investigation of fatigue and fracture of structures; 2) design, fabrication, and behavior of bolted and welded connections; 3) wind loading, aeroelastic phenomena, and dynamic behavior of structures; 4) behavior of structures exposed to fire; and, 5) repair of damaged and deteriorated structures. Dr. Dexter received his B.S. in Civil Engineering, with Highest Honors, at the University of Texas at Austin in 1981. He then went to work in the Ocean Engineering Division at Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) in San Antonio. In 1983, Dr. Dexter joined the Materials and Mechanics Division and began to work in the area of fracture mechanics. In 1986, he completed his Master's thesis, "Underwater Wet Welds: Mechanical Properties and Design Guidelines" under the direction of Prof. Karl H. Frank. In 1991, Dr. Dexter took a position as a Senior Research Engineer at Lehigh University. He completed his Ph.D. from the University of Texas in 1992 on "Investigation of Criteria for Ductile Fracture Under Fully-Plastic Conditions" under the guidance of Prof. Frank. Among the research Dr. Dexter performed at Lehigh was "Through-thickness Testing of Structural Sections" for the SAC Steel Project. He also completed a project entitled "Evaluation of Alternative Methods to Design for Fire Resistance" for the National Institute of Standards and Technology, which involved cooperation with the University of Liege (Belgium). In 1997, he took his present position at the University of Minnesota. He is presently conducting research related to fatigue, bridge behavior, and repair welding. He is also conducting research related to the variation of material properties and behavior of beam-to-column connections in moment frames for AISC. He is a


Temperature measurement technology based on digital image processing is attached importance.The Digital flame monitoring TV based on double-wavelenth theoretics which developed by DBC can measure furnace realtime temperature.Huadian International Zouxian Power Plant Phase Ⅳ 2×1 000 MW Ultra Supercritical Unit demonstrates that:this system can provide reliable flame and furnace temperature information, operate steadily and chronically, the measurement precision satisfied industrialization.


We study the optogeometrical and the equivalent step index parameters of a commercial erbium doped fibre. Our set-up is based on the Transmitted Near Field Technique (TNFT). The combination of the TNFT with an infrared camera opens the possibility of yielding very quick measurements. The refractive index profile difference and the mode field diameter have been determined from the near field intensity pattern. Then optogeometrical and two sets of equivalent step-index parameters have been calculated. Finally all these parameters have been used to compute the modelled intensity profiles. We compare these calculated patterns with experiment. All measurements and calculations are carried out at 1310 nm and 1550 nm.


Real time traffic state estimation is an important content of ATMS and ATIS.Abundant traffic data are obtained from detectors located at urban road networks.Currently in China,data from multiple independent resources which form the phenomenon of information islands have various parameters,different structure and distinct interval time and accuracy.This study utilizes Bayesian and fuzzy logic establishes three-level-structure traffic data fusion system to get more accurate and reliable traffic information.The experimental results show that data fusion is applicable to traffic state estimation.


A diffusion equation is derived for the energy distribution of a gas of non interacting point particles following chaotic trajectories inside a slowly time-dependent container. We discuss the relevance of this problem to results concerning ergodic adiabatic Hamiltonian systems, as well as to one-body dissipation in nuclear dynamics.


The extraction of the oil from the fruit pulp of avocado (persea americana mill. Cv. Hass) at maturity organoleptic treatment corresponding to the day harvested, being the day that presented greater concentration lipid ratio equivalent to 20% ± 2. The extraction system used was a thermomechanical process, the response variable was the oil yield obtained in percentage and the control variable was the extraction temperature. The physico-chemical characterization; index of iodine, index of acidity (%) expressed as acid oleico, index of saponification (mg KOH/g), index of refraction to 25 °C, index of peroxides (meq O2/kg), index of peroxides (meq O2/kg), point of merger (°C), point of smoke (°C), vitamin e, antioxidant capacity, total phenols and lipid profile of fatty acids, was carried out at oil obtained to temperature extraction of 55 °C for being this the highest yield percentage. Avocado oil obtained can be classified as extra virgin, high in ω3, ω6 fatty acids and vitamin e corresponding to 759.29 mg/100 g, 12862.30 mg/100g and 10.11 mg/100 g respectively, which positions the avocado oil as a highly nutritious food and potentially functional what it means beneficial to health.


In college, with the need of era for creative men, the regulatory regime of students' status should be timely reformed. Starting with the relationship between the regulation and creative men, this essay analyses and studies some problems existing, meanwhile, puts forward some basic reform thoughts of six aspects, i.e. enlarging the decision making power; setting up flexible schooling systems; breaking profession stronghold; attaching importance to teaching process, quality and practice; reforming examination systems, degree system and so on. All of these compose the regulatory regime of students' status, which is helpful to train creative man.


The purpose of the article is the critical analysis of the concept of value from diverse perspectives and its implication in the management world, proposing new readings and methodological integrations and above everything, recognizing the practical importance of the administration of values in the organizations like form of to give sense to the action and to foment an atmosphere labor developer and cooperative. The analytic-synthetic method is used to value the information. As a result it is appreciated that they exist variety of approaches as for the theoretical definition and methodological focus in the boarding of the values, although common elements exist in their essential aspects that coincide in like one of the fundamental elements inside the organizational culture.


A detailed description of space charge accumulation in polymeric cable insulation is essential for determining the electrical field distribution and therefore an important parameter in the design of high voltage direct current transmission (HVDC) cable system components. One of the most promising and non-destructive measurement techniques to obtain space charge information is the Pulsed Electro-Acoustic (PEA) method. This method is based on the measurement of acoustic waves generated by short motions of the electric charges in the polymeric bulk material due to superimposed electric impulses with short rise times. For the purpose of improved acoustic signal transmission, lubricants between electrodes and insulation materials are used to obtain better acoustic matching. In this context, different polymeric test samples as representative materials of extruded cable systems are conditioned with lubricants to investigate possible material changes. Material behavior is monitored by gravimetric analysis during defined soak periods and material specific mass changes over time are identified and analyzed. Moreover, interactions between different material combinations and its influence on resulting field enhancements caused by space charge formations are investigated.


Author(s): Delherbe, Nathalie | Abstract: In this paper I will study the changes in the bacterial community associated to C. gigas in response to the physiological changes triggered by simulated future pCO2 conditions. Specifically changes of the community associated to the hemolymph will be analyzed in early adults stages of C.gigas and its will be correlated with the physiological changes of the oyster under induced long-term hypercapnia


This paper presents a novel automatic modulation identification (AMI) algorithm, named demodulation-oriented automatic modulation identification (DAMI) algorithm, in software radios. DAMI algorithm may identify each modulated signal with a subset rather than one-to-one scheme because any scheme of a subset can employ the same demodulation algorithm. Aiming at AM, SSB, DSB, FM, OOK, PSK, QPSK, FSK, MSK and GMSK, the developed algorithm was simulated in the AWGN, Rician and Rummler channel, respectively. Simulation results showed that on condition of SNR of 15 dB DAMI algorithm's average running time decreased by 34.6% and its average correct identification rate increased by 7.0% at least in comparison with those of the ordinary automatic modulation identification (OAMI) algorithm. The DAMI algorithm takes on the main remarkable features of tolerable errors, and improved correct identification rate, and decreased identification time. Because of the software Radios' specialties, DAMI algorithm is perfectly suitable for software radios.


That the Experiments already made, endeavouring to produce Sound from a Bell in Vacuo, have been altogether ineffectual, is sufficiently manifest: Yet that the loss of it should be wholly attributed to the absence of the Air, I think could not without another Experiment be absolutely concluded, since the following Query, (which very well deserves an Answer) might fairly be started upon this Occasion.


It is well known that to each infinite class of classical groups over a commutative ring $R$, we can associate an infinite loop space by Quillen's plus construction. In this paper we generalize this fact to the case of affine Kac-Moody groups.


In this paper, we discuss the unique property of electrostatics in the gate dielectric of the cylindrical nanowire (NW) MOSFETs, and its impact on the transistor performance and scaling, particularly on the gate tunneling leakage. A dielectric curvature parameter =TOX/Rs with dielectric physical thickness TOX and NW radius Rs is introduced. (1) A 2D tunneling model is developed and used to assess the tunneling rate reduction in cylindrical gate (CG) in NW transistor comparing with the planar gate (PG) double gate (DG) transistor. This effect can be very significant when is large in the practical NW devices. High-k gate dielectric is more effective to suppress the gate leakage in NW than in PG transistors, since High-k dielectric not only increases TOX, but also increases , both reduce the tunneling rate. (2) On the other hand, comparing NW with radius Rs and DG-PG transistor with body thickness Tsemi = 2Rs, the carrier quantization induced tunneling barrier reduction is larger in NW than in DG-PG transistors. For n-MOSFETs, the lowest conduction valley transition effect between , L, and (or X) valleys should also be considered due to carrier quantization in the channels. The gate tunneling rate is finally determined by combining two effects of (1) and (2). Different results due to different conduction band structures are demonstrated for Si, Ge, and InGaAs NWs respectively. (3) The overdrive gate voltage in NW transistor can be reduced significantly, comparing with PG transistor with the same TOX. (4) For the device reliability assessment, at the same time evolution of dielectric charge generation, the NW transistor lifetime can be extended by as much as one order or more, comparing with the PG transistor with the same TOX , when is large.


Exploitation of female labor as well as more general issues of gender equity have emerged as universal concerns of nations in the past decade. In addition, women often face problems of sexual exploitation. Women's movements have been organized in most societies to address these problems and to demand more equitable conditions for women. The social and political responses of both men and women to these movements have been culturally constrained. There are as many perspectives and approaches to resolving gender inequities as there are societies. In this article, illustrations are drawn from a cross section of societies to illustrate several assumptions regarding women's rights and women's movements. More specifically, the constraints imposed by behavioral culture that affect issue development and change mechanisms will be considered in the context of universal calls for gender equity and an end to the exploitation of female labor and sexuality.


The tracking detector of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is an all-silicon device. It is comprised of two sub-detectors. The pixel detector is the inner one, which is surrounded by the strip detector. The pixel detector provides seeds for charged particle tracking and measures the impact parameter of the reconstructed tracks. The impact parameter is essential in the reconstruction of primary interaction and secondary decay vertices. The pixel detector was upgraded in the beginning of 2017, during Run 2 of the LHC. Various interventions have been performed on the detector since then, the latest refurbishment taking place during Long Shutdown 2 (LS2) between 2019 and 2022, right after Run 2. The expected fluence in the innermost layer reaches the expected limit for the sensors after about 250 fb − 1 of integrated luminosity; therefore, this layer was also scheduled to be replaced during LS2. In this paper, we describe the successful refurbishment and recommissioning program and the following relatively smooth data-taking period in the first year of Run 3. Preliminary studies of the performance will be presented along with the verification of the new layer 1 modules in which several weaknesses that were revealed during Run 2 have been fixed.


The asymptotically fastest algorithms for many linear algebra problems on integer matrices, including solving a system of linear equations and computing the determinant, use high-order lifting. For a square nonsingular integer matrix A ∈ Zn×n, high-order lifting computes B ≡ A−1 mod X and R ∈ Zn×n with AB = I + RX for X, k ∈ Z≥0. Here, we present a deterministic method — "double-plus-one" lifting — to compute the highorder residue R as well as a succinct representation of B. As an application, we give a fully deterministic algorithm to certify the unimodularity of A ∈ Zn×n. The cost of the algorithm is O((log n)nM(log n+log ||A||)) bit operations, where ||A|| denotes the largest entry in absolute value, M(t) the cost of multiplying two integers bounded in bit length by t, and ω the exponent of matrix multiplication. Unimodularity certification is then applied to give a heuristic, but certified, algorithm for computing the determinant and Hermite normal form of a square, nonsingular integer matrix. Though most effective on random matrices, a highly optimized implementation of the latter algorithm demonstrates the techniques' effectiveness across a variety of inputs: empirical running times grow as O(n log n). A comparison against the fastest known Hermite normal algorithms — those available in Sage and Magma — show our implementation is, in all cases, highly competitive, and often surpasses existing, state-of-the-art implementations.


This study investigated the ability of mucosal brush biopsy testing (MBBT) from the inferior turbinate to detect local, antigen‐specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) in patients with allergic rhinitis, and these results were then compared to skin prick testing (SPT).


This experiment was conducted at the Experimental Station and in the Laboratory of Vegetable and Floriculture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University during the two successive seasons of 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 to study the effect of applying rice straw compost, at the rates of 0, 25, 50, and 75 % by weight, to four soil types on growth and chemical composition of Pelargonium graveolens (L.) plants. The used soil types in this research were calcareous, loamy, saline and sandy. The obtained results showed that available N, P and K (ppm) in the growing media increased with increasing the compost rate (%). The best results in this regard were obtained from saline medium followed by loamy, calcareous then sandy ones. Regarding the interaction effect of rice straw compost and soil type, the obtained results indicated that sandy and loamy media mixed with 75% rice straw compost gave, in general, the best values of all vegetative and root growth parameters in both seasons. The obtained results indicated also that the best values of total chlorophyll content at the first cut of both seasons were of plants grown in loamy medium containing 75% rice straw compost, whereas at the second cut of both seasons, the plants grown in saline soil containing 75% rice straw compost gave the highest values in this regard. The maximum increase of N (%) was determined in the leaves of the plants grown in loamy medium containing 50% rice straw compost, whereas the highest value of K (%) was obtained from the plants grown in loamy medium containing 75% rice straw compost. The best results of P (%) in the leaves were detected in the plants grown in calcareous medium containing 50% rice straw compost. The highest essential oil percentages were obtained from the plants grown in calcareous medium containing 75% rice straw compost.


Panisaspis n. gen. is a clade of pliomerid trilobites from the Tulean and Blackhillsian stages (Floian) of the Great Basin. It includes Protopliomerops? quattuor Hintze, 1953, and ten new species, six of which are formally named: Panisaspis millardensis (type species), P. sevierensis, P. deltaensis, P. rancherensis, P. topscityensis, and P. loganensis. Four new species are not well enough known for formal naming and are described in open nomenclature. All species are Tulean in age except for P. millardensis, which is earliest Blackhillsian. Synapomorphies of Panisaspis include a short, nearly semicircular anterior border; small L1; large genal spines; a rounded, ovoid hypostomal border; elongated third pygidial spines; and a large, triangular terminal piece with distinct pitted impressions. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that P. millardensis and P. sevierensis are sister taxa, and that P. deltaensis, P. rancherensis, P. topscityensis, P. quattuor, and P. loganensis are successive sister species. The group may be sister to Ibexaspis Přibyl and Vaněk in Přibyl et al., 1985.


We consider multihadron production processes in different types of collisions in the framework of the picture based on dissipating energy of part icipants and their types. In particular, the similarities of such bulk observables like the charged p article mean multiplicity and the pseudorapidity density at midrapidity measured in nucleus-nuc le s, (anti)proton-proton and electronpositron interactions are analysed. Within the descriptio n proposed a good agreement with the measurements in a wide range of nuclear collision energies f rom AGS to RHIC is obtained. The predictions up to the LHC energies are made and compared to ex perimental extrapolations.


Styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) modified PG 64-22 and PG 76-22 binders are studied to investigate the degradation of polymer because of aging applied by: rolling thin film oven (RTFO), pressure aging vessel (PAV), and ultraviolet (UV). Upon observing the temperature increment of unmodified binder during high shear mixing, a polymer mixing procedure has been established. SBS (2%, 4%, and 6%), polyphosphoric acid (PPA) (0.5%, 2%, and 3.5%), and PPA (2%)-SBS (0.5%, 2%, and 3.5%) are mixed with PG 64-22 binder. Sentmanat extensional rheometer, based on dynamic shear rheometer, is used to investigate the extensional deformation characteristics in which SBS modified binders exhibit both first peak elongation force, F1, and second peak elongation force, F2, whereas, unmodified binders and PPA modified binders exhibit no F2. SBS is the most effective in increasing F2 with an increasing rate of 1.16N/% of SBS polymer. At 12°C and 16°C, F2 of RTFO aged SBS modified binder reduces, which indicates the polymer is degrading. In the case of PAV aged SBS modified binder, no F2 is found at 12°C and 16°C. With the increment of temperature, the PAV aged sample shows F2, but the value is less than the F2 of the original and RTFO aged binder of similar stiffness (F1). A normalized parameter, F2/F1, also shows that RTFO and PAV aging degrade SBS. Evaluation of UV aged SBS modified binder shows no F2 at any temperature while oven aged binder shows F2 value at similar aging temperature, duration, and thickness, indicating SBS completely degrades because of UV aging.


Use of the currently available l-selenomethionine-75Se for external pancreatic photoscanning is limited by the long biological half-life of the amino acid and the dense radiations arising from high liver concentrations of the compound. The present study was initiated in an effort to find superior pancreas-specific photoscanning agents. The approach presented here is based upon the previously established specificity of natural amino acids for pancreatic tissue. In the anticipation that this specificity might extend to other radiolabeled synthetic amino acids, ortho-, meta-, and para-iodophenylalanine-125I and the corresponding acetylated derivatives were synthesized for tissue distribution analysis. All three iodophenylalanine-125I isomers showed a specificity for pancreatic tissue in mice but not in dogs. Acetylation of the radioiodinated amino acids caused no qualitative changes in the tissue distribution results in either species.


Effect of different factors of co-surfactant, surfactant and water on the difenoconazole microemulsion was developed. Research was conducted on stability of the formulation under hot and cold storage along with its chemical and physical properties. The results indicated that the optimum HLB of surfactant was more than 11.5 and the co-surfactant methanol is effective to form qualified microemulsion. Any kinds of water are suitable to formulate transparent and steady microemulsion. The stability of the microemulsion can be obtained by using a proper mixture of ionic and non-ionic surfactants even in low concentration.


Including humeral shaft having an enlarged head portion comprising a contact surface adapted to receive a variety of modular interchangeable components, such as the articulating liner and spacer and the adapter insert removably , implant system for a total shoulder arthroplasty and Hankata arthroplasty and "reverse" total shoulder arthroplasty. The humeral shaft functions as a general-purpose platform that can be used in a conventional or "reverse" total shoulder arthroplasty and Hankata arthroplasty, and, the implant system between themselves, for example the above-mentioned shape configuration it is possible when changing to change remain implanted state at a predetermined position.


applied. Three methods (Sum 75, 30 and 1 pg/m 3 ) were used for determination of the start dates of the Betula pollen season and the results were compared. The total annual pollen sum increased during the observed period. In 2003, 2004 and 2005, the highest daily pollen concentrations were 97, 460 and 131 pg/m 3 , respectively. The earliest Betula pollen season starts were calculated by the 1 pg/m 3 method.


A standing joke among some economists deals with the plight of Adam Smith and Karl Marx. The point of the joke is that if these two men applied for graduate studies in economics today, they would be rejected on the basis of a lack of mathematical background. This is ironical in as much as their immortal masterworks, Wealth of Nationsand Capitalhave had more impact in the field of economics and political theory than any two other books. However, economics has evolved from the verbal formulations of Smith and Marx to a point where the essence of economics is seen to be systems of mathematical equations. The article gives an example of a current economics problem that requires the solution of systems of equations, rather than a general verbal explanation.


This paper describes an optical adaptive system with closed feedback for correcting the radiation of powerful femtosecond lasers. The characteristics of the elements of the system are briefly given; these include a deformable bimorph mirror and a Shack-Hartmann wave-front sensor. An algorithm based on the principle of phase matching is presented for the operation of the system. Examples are given of the use of this system to enhance the radiation-focusing quality of lasers. For example, the use of two correctors in the ATLAS Ti:sapphire laser complex made it possible to increase the radiation-power density by more than a factor of 50. © 2004 Optical Society of America


In this paper,combined with product practice and a special glazing robot for sanitaryware,on the basis of PLC CPU,multiple axis motion control module and graphic control panel,a control system platiform of glazing robot for sanitaryware is constructed.In addition,a communication connection method and hardware configuration of robot control systemare are introduced.


The reflection operator is defined as the functional behaviour between the scattered and the incident wavefield. In general, this reflection function is dependent on space and time and is directly related to the material characteristics of the medium. So far, an explicit exact expression for the reflection operator has only been derived for two homogeneous halfspaces. This is the reason that in conventional AVO-inversion, typically carried out per common midpoint-gather, a (locally) lateral invariant medium is assumed. The aim of this paper is to investigate the errors resulting from this assumption.


This patient study shows the relief of severe acne, and also asthma, Irritable Bowel Syndrome symptoms, muscular and joint pains by using a well-planned programme in an elimination diet, without any drugs. It stresses the association of foods to the system of the body, giving detailed information about his acne problem.


Significance
 The US Treasuries securities market is the world's largest and most liquid financial market, and is relied on by market participants as a basis to price other risks. However, on several occasions in recent years, it has exhibited unusual behaviour under stress and required corrective intervention by the US Federal Reserve (Fed).

 Impacts
 The rebound remains vulnerable to COVID-19 spread, and the ongoing need for supportive measures will stoke policy conflicts for some time.
 The firmer link between policy and price expectations means that miscommunication may be more disruptive than in the 2013 'taper tantrum'.
 The Fed tapering of bond purchases over the near term could trigger interest rate rises, testing the resilience of the Treasury market.


High rates of chemical fertilizer and barnyard manure were applied separately and together to barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown on three Gray Luvisolic soils for 6 successive yr. The fertilizers were applied annually with the N–P–K rates greater than 110–50–40 kg/ha. The manure was applied initially at 134 tonnes/ha and at 150 tonnes/ha before the fifth crop. Moisture use by the barley was measured for the last five crops. Average yields of barley were 1,530, 3,270 and 3,950 kg/ha for the nil, manure and fertilizer treatments, respectively. The manure + fertilizer treatment gave little or no further increase in yield over the fertilizer treatment. Efficiency of moisture use was generally more than doubled by the fertilizer and fertilizer + manure treatments. These treatments also greatly increased the use of soil moisture reserves, the greatest increase being for Beryl fine sandy loam, followed by Hazelmere loam and the least for Nampa clay loam. Soil moisture reserves at harvest time were depleted more u...


The principal therapies for type 2 diabetes and the benefits and possible side effects associated with each. Virtual Mentor is a monthly bioethics journal published by the American Medical Association.


A CMOS current driver for electrical stimulator in 0.35μm HVCMOS is presented in this paper. It is based on the regulated cascode current mirror in deep triode region. This driver requires approximately 500mV overdrive voltage over the current of 4μA to 1mA whereas maintaining output impedance higher than 10MΩ. The proposed topology also comes with the possibility to monitor the compliance voltage which is useful for the power-efficient adaptive supply voltage stimulation. Besides, the offset regulation active charge balancing is implemented using digitally controlled additional current sources. It is verified in vitro using a platinum black electrode in saline solution.


A set of reference points for performance management is proposed, which is based on the general functional architecture of the multiwavelength optical transport networks. These reference points can be mapped into the physical interfaces of optical networks to guide the execution of performance monitoring and controlling.


We achieved first dynamic all-optical wavelength conversion in bandgap-engineered MZI SOA all-optical switch. Clear eye-diagram of 2.5Gbps wavelength conversion was confirmed. This is the first wavelength conversion demonstration with a bandgap-engineered PIC with either selective-area-growth and quantum-well-intermixing techniques.


Over the past eleven years, virtual schooling has gone from isolated experiments to a reliable alternative to a brick and mortar education. However, during this time little research has been conducted into how these learning opportunities are and should be provided to their adolescent audiences. Even more troubling is of the wide variety of backgrounds that very few of these researchers are from the field of instructional technologist. In this article, I discuss those who have been involved the early research and then make a case for the value that instructional technologists can bring to this emerging field. Over the past decade there has been a tremendous growth in the research conducted into web-based learning at the K-12 level. In recent years, the topic of virtual high schools has been focus of much of this research. At present, there are a number of different individuals who are researching in the area of virtual schooling. However, classifying these individuals into different groups is not an easy task. There are practicing teachers, university faculty, and private researchers. They have been educated in a variety of programs from teacher education, instructional technology, educational administration, to adult education. They have come from a variety of background, the classroom, administration, the academy, private business, and research foundations. The easiest approach to describing the kinds of people who are researching in the area of virtual high schools today is to describe some of these individuals and the work that they have been involved with, along with a discussion of the background of these individuals. While this discussion will endeavour to address as many individuals that are known to the author, including some of the thesis and dissertation completed over the past five or six years, there are probably individual researchers that will be missed by the author. Finally, the author will attempt to make a case that instructional technologists are well positioned to have an impact on this emerging


Inspite of the availability of different antiseptic and antibiotics in most localities in some parts of the world, there is still a number of information on the usage of some local plants in various kinds of treatments of different ill-health conditions. Leaves of Ocimum basilicum, Leptadania hastata and Momordica balsamina are locally used by traditional birth attendants at pre and post-partum periods. The present study investigates the phytochemical compositions and toxicity of the leaf extracts of the plants against isolates of Listeria monocytogenes. Standard microbiological techniques and polymerase chain reaction was used to isolate and identify the bacteria.  Phytochemical analysis was done and cytotoxicity of the extracts at different concentrations (MBC, OBC and LHC) were determined using human erythrocytes. Results of the phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, carbohydrates, alkaloids, terpinoids and glycosides in the studied extracts. Toxicity to erythrocytes, expressed as percentage hemolysis of only 17.27% (MBC1) was seen in one of the plants; M. balsamina. Similarly, the other extracts exhibited minimal toxicity to human erythrocytes (LHC1= 15.45%; OBC1= 7.6%). It was concluded that all the plant leaf extracts are safe for human consumption. Studies on the preparation, effective doses and side effects of these extracts in vivo are hereby recommended.


The combined influence of surface roughness and journal misalignment on the performance of an orifice compensated hole-entry hybrid journal bearing system is theoretically studied. The analysis considers the average Reynolds equation for a rough surface for the solution of the lubricant flow field in the clearance space of a journal bearing system. The bearing performance characteristics are presented for the various representative values of surface roughness parameter (Λ) and surface pattern parameter (γ) for a concentric design pressure ratio β* = 0.5. Performance is also compared to capillary and constant flow valve compensated bearings. The computed results indicate that the effect of journal misalignment is to lower the value of the minimum fluid-film thickness of the journal bearing system while the effect of surface roughness is to partially compensate this loss. For the chosen values of journal misalignment parameters (ϕ, δ), the constant flow valve compensated symmetric journal bearing configuration with longitudinal roughness pattern (γ = 6) shows an improvement of around 20% in the value of stability threshold speed margin. Presented at the 57th Annual Meeting in Houston, Texas May 19–23, 2002


Fe-Ga (Galfenol) and Fe-Al (Alfenol) are rare-earth-free magnetostrictive alloys with mechanical robustness and strong magnetoelastic coupling. Since highly textured Galfenol and Alfenol thin sheets along orientations have been developed with magnetostrictive performances of ∼270 ppm and ∼160 ppm, respectively, they have been of great interest in sensor and energy harvesting applications. In this work, we investigate stress-dependent magnetostrictive behaviors in highly textured rolled sheets of NbC-added Fe80Al20 and Fe81Ga19 alloys with a single (011) grain coverage of ∼90%. A compact fixture was designed and used to introduce a uniform compressive pre-stress to those thin sheet samples along a [100] direction. As compressive pre-stress was increased to above 100 MPa, the maximum observed magnetostriction increased 42% in parallel magnetostriction along the stress direction, λ//, in highly textured (011) Fe81Ga19 thin sheets for a compressive pre-stress of 60 MPa. The same phenomena were observed ...


The possibility of self-sustained solid-solid detonations (SSD) in Mn+S mixtures has been investigated. Charges 50 mm in diameter under different degrees of confinement were used. The initiation charges used include nitromethane, tetryl, and C-4. No self-sustained SSD were observed in the present study. Neither did the degree of confinement nor the type or weight of the initiation charge appear to make a significant difference in the results obtained. The shock and reaction front are initially coupled but decay rapidly. Decoupling occurs after about 25 mm of propagation when the shock has decayed to about 2.5 km/sec which corresponds to the estimated sound speed of the reactant. The lack of significant feedback of the chemical energy released to the shock via work done by the expansion of the solid products is probably the cause for failure to obtain SSD in Mn+S.


This paper analyses the stability of the mining blocks by the Monte Carlo method in Estonian oil shale mines, where the room-and-pillar mining system is used. The pillars are arranged in a singular grid. The oil shale bed is embedded at the depth of 40-75 m. The processes in overburden rocks and pillars have caused the subsidence of the ground surface. Visual Basic for Application was used for the modeling. Through Monte Carlo simulation, room-and-pillar stable parameters can be calculated. Model allows determination of the probability of spontaneous collapse of the pillars and surface subsidence by the parameters of registered collapsed mining blocks. Proposed method suits as an express-method for stability analysis and failure prognosis. It is applicable in different geological conditions, where the room-and-pillar mining system is used.


Luan coal admixed with Shenhua coal at different proportion;carbon burnout,reactivity and explosiveness of the mixtures measured;tests denoted that,admixed with Shenhua coal up to 30%,the carbon burnout and reactivity of the mixture increased,even their explosiveness also increased but still in the range of light explosiveness,being suitable as a fuel for blast furnace injection.


Images play an important part in our daily life. They convey our personal stories and maintain meaningful objects, events, emotions etc. People, therefore, mostly use images as visual information for their communication with each other. Data size and privacy are, however, two of important aspects whilst transmitting data through network like internet, i.e. the time prolongs when the amount of data are increased and the risk of exposing private data when being captured and accessed by irrelevant people. In this paper, we introduce a unified framework, namely Deep-NC, to address these problems seamlessly. Our method contains three important components: the first component, adopted from Random Linear Network Coding (RLNC), to protect the sharing of private image from the eavesdropper; the second component to remove noise causing to image data due to transmission over wireless media; and the third component, utilising Image Super-Resolution (ISR) with Deep Learning (DL), to recover high-resolution images from low-resolution ones due to image sizes reduced. This is a general framework in which each component can be enhanced by sophisticated methods. Simulation results show that an outperformance of up to 32 dB, in terms of Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), can be obtained when the eavesdropper does not have any knowledge of parameters and the reference image used in the mixing schemes. Various impacts of the method are deeply evaluated to show its effectiveness in securing transmitted images. Furthermore, the original image is shown to be able to downscale to a much lower resolution for saving significantly the transmission bandwidth with negligible performance loss.


Section 17 of the Crime and Disorder Act was intended to place issues of community safety at the centre of the delivery of local services. It implied a shift from a bureaucratic model to network governance. These objectives have not been achieved and the reasons include a lack of clarity in definition, inadequate resources, poor leadership and competing imperatives.


Recently, the high power density and efficiency of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) for electric vehicle traction has been attracting attention. Particularly in order to overcome the cost issues of rare-earth dependent on China, Magfine magnet, which consists of neodymium without Dysprosium (Dy) and has enhanced coercive force, has been developed. However, Magfine magnet is vulnerable to irreversible demagnetization by external magnetic field. And it is essential to prevent this phenomenon. This paper suggests a design using the magnetic flux barriers in order to decrease the irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet (PM). Also, by using the 2-D finite element analysis (2-D FEA), it was confirmed that the permanent magnet irreversible demagnetization characteristic of the proposed model is improved. Thus, when advancing research in consideration of the Magfine fabrication process, it is expected that the commercialization of Magfine magnet can be accelerated with a more accurate performance prediction.


The utility model discloses an adjustable constant-voltage constant-current-source circuit which comprises an operational amplifier, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a first variable resistor and a second variable resistor. A positive pole of a voltage source is connected with a fixed end of the first variable resistor through series connection with the first resistor, the other fixed end of the first variable resistor is earthed through series connection with the second resistor, one end of the third resistor is connected with a sliding end of the first variable resistor, and the other end of the third resistor is connected with a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier. One end of the fourth resistor is connected with an output end of the operational amplifier, and the other end of the fourth resistor is earthed through series connection with the second variable resistor. A positive power source end of the operational amplifier is connected with the positive pole of the voltage source, a negative power source end of the operational amplifier is earthed, and an incongruous input end of the operational amplifier is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier to form a voltage follower. One end of a load resistor logic (RL) is connected with the positive pole of the voltage source, and the other end of the load RL is connected between the output end of the operational amplifier and the fourth resistor. The adjustable constant-voltage constant-current-source circuit is simple and convenient to adjust by a user, and has a high safety coefficient.


In this work we use density functional theory based on the ultra-soft pseudo-potential to calculate thestructural, mechanical and thermal properties of narrow single walled BN, AlN and GaN nanotubes.The electron-electron interactions were expressed within the local density approximation (LDA). Wehave also obtained the Phonon dispersion and elastic constants of these nanotubes using the densityfunctional perturbation theory. Furthermore the values of Young's modulus, radial breathing modefrequencies and phononic band gaps for BN, AlN and GaN nanotubes (4,0) are reported. Finally it isdemonstrated that the behavior of heat capacity of these nanotubes strongly depends on the mass ofcations.


A differential equation of conservative system can be described in Hamilton system.The distinguishing feature of conservative system is symplectic conservation.The sum of two symplectic matrixes is not symplectic conservation.The product of two symplectic matrixes is symplectic conservation.Addition is used in method of small parameter perturbation.It is not symplectic conservation.The canonical transformation is symplectic conservation.The nonlinear differential equation problem was discussed.The method of coordinate transformation was applied. The variation of principle was derived.The dual variables of Hamilton were introduced,and a variable coefficient nonlinear equation was derived through transformation.A symplectic conservative integration method was presented.The results of symplectic conservative integration,method of multiple scales,fourthorder Runge-Kutta and analytic solution were given.Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the present method for nonlinear different equation.


Recently issued U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission ("FERC") regulations require comparable treatment of demand reduction and generation in the wholesale electric market so that they are compensated at the same market clearing price. The new regulations measure demand reduction as a reduction from a "customer baseline", an historically based estimate of the expected consumption that defines a right for a customer to sell demand reduction in the same manner as generation in the wholesale electricity market.


Male sterility of pear cultivars of Niitaka,Atago and Housui(CK) and the features of their anther were examined,and the pollen grains per anther and pollen germination rates were investigated.The results showed that the anther of Niitaka and Atago was smaller and had few pollen grains,thus resulting in the formation of sterile empty pollen sacs.The cytological features of anther and microspore development in Niitaka,Atago and Housui(CK) were examined by a light microscope.Compared with Housui,the microspores of Niitaka and Atago disintegrated mostly at the late mononuclear microspore stage;the anther of Niitaka partly began to be abnomal at the meiosis stage,but the anther of Atago was normal before the late mononuclear microspores stage.The disintegration of microspores of Niitaka and Atago were correlated with the earlier disintegration of tapetum.


Curtains are the important daily articles in ancient times of china and the common aesthetic images in literary works as well.They appeared in Li Shang-yin's poem frequently and create the effects of "isolated land" and "dream land".In addition,they are the important factors to form his profound,misty and graceful poetic style.


The article considers data on the in vitro study of new fulleropyrrolidine compounds for anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity in cultures of human monocyte cell lines MonoMac-6 and THP-1Blue and also as inhibitors of human neutrophil elastase. This enzyme is a regulator of inflammation. In different situations, it can act both as a pro-inflammatory and as an anti-inflammatory agent. An imbalance in the regulation of elastase activity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis and hypertension. In the future, such studies should lead to the creation of optimal in vitro models that most adequately reflect the situation in vivo and establish the relationship between the structure and activity of the studied drugs. It is noted that the presence of lipophilic properties in fullerene C60 derivatives is especially important in the development of pharmaceuticals for the control of pathogens of various infectious diseases. Fullerene C60 derivatives have the ability to easily penetrate lipid membranes, overcome the blood-brain barrier, and modulate ion transport. Compounds were tested for anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity (in vitro) on cultures of human monocytic cell lines MonoMac-6 and THP-1Blue. Modified fullerene compounds of various structures were tested for their inhibitory ability against neutrophil elastase enzyme (in vitro). Elastase activity was evaluated by the ability of fulleropyrrolidine compounds to hydrolyze the synthetic substrate N-methylsuccinyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Val-7-amino-4-me-thylcoumarin (Calbiochem). The results of studies of fullerene compounds in relation to their anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity are obtained. The analysis of the fluorescence kinetics of the compounds was carried out. The cytotoxic activity of the samples was investigated in the Brine Schrimp test using Artemia salina. All compounds have cytotoxicity, which suggests a lack of selectivity of chemotherapeutic action. In general, the presence of a cytotoxic effect confirms the reality of antimicrobial action. The results of the study of the antibacterial and antifungal activity of the synthesized new fulleropyrrolidines and their starting substrates are described (S. aureus 505, Bacillus subtilis, Str.agalactiae, E. Coli M-17, Ps.aeruginosa, Candida аlbicans, Penicillium citrinum, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Trichophyton mentagraphytos, Epidermophyton fioccosum). As a result of the study of the potential antifungal activity of the compounds, it was found that only two drugs inhibit the growth of test cultures in vitro. All other studied samples have practically no activity against the yeast fungi Candida albicans. In general, the presence of a cytotoxic effect in the studied fullerene compounds confirms the reality of the antimicrobial action.


This article summarized the content of vegetable tannins,the impact of tannins on plants and animals,and the approaches to reduce the content of tannins.Vegetable tannins are common polyphenolic in plants and it is self-protective substances derived from the carbohydrate metabolism in plant evolution.There are two types of tannins in vascular plants,hydrolysis tannin and condensed tannin.The content of vegetable tannins is concerned with genes,location,growth stage,and diseases of plant.The impacts of tannins on animals are in many aspects,high content tannins can protect the plant from herbivore and appropriate content tannins can reduce animal bloat.There are many ways to reduce the content of vegetable tannins.


In this paper the environmental impact of current agriculture practices is reviewed. Soil loss (along with soil fertility), increasing water demand from agricultural practices and environmental pollution caused by the intensive use of agrochemicals, are among the most pressing issues concerning agriculture sustainability. Biodiversity loss due to land use change and emission of greenhouse gasses from agricultural activities are also causes for concern. A number of alternative agricultural practices are also presented that can help to make agriculture less environmentally damaging by reducing the use of natural resources, limiting inputs and preserving soil fertility and biodiversity. We think that there is room for a different and more ecological agriculture and that research should be implemented in order to better assess the potential and constraints of the different options. However, notwithstanding the great achievements of the "Green Revolution," the world will need 70 to 100% more food by 2050. So a new challenge lies ahead: how to feed nine billion with less land, water and energy, while at the same time preserving natural resources and soil fertility? Technical advances are important in order to meet the future needs, but addressing key socioeconomic issues, such as the inequality in the access to resources, population growth, and access to education are also a priority if we want to properly deal with sustainability. It may require our society to change some of its paradigms and "values" if we wish to preserve our support system, the soil and its health, for the future generations.


LAURENCE BINYON, a great authority on Oriental art, and a great poet, once wrote these words on Nature:"Still, like an artist, she her meaning hides,Silent, while thousand tongues proclaim it clear...


We build a multiple Hilbert-type integral inequality with the symmetric kernel and involving an integral operator. For this objective, we introduce a norm, two pairs of conjugate exponents and, and two parameters. As applications, the equivalent form, the reverse forms, and some particular inequalities are given. We also prove that the constant factors in the new inequalities are all the best possible.


The effect of theophylline ethylenediamine, aminophylline, on ACTH-mediated insulin secretion was studied in mice. Aminophylline pretreatment markedly increased the magnitude of the plasma insulin rise following ACTH. It did not, however, increase the duration of the ACTH effect nor did it appreciably lower the minimum dose of ACTH which caused insulin release. The dose of aminophylline necessary to augment ACTH-mediated insulin secretion did not inhibit pancreatic protein synthesis as estimated by 14C-L-leucine incorporation. The aminophylline augmentation of ACTH-mediated insulin release occurred in both intact and adrenalectomized animals. Aminophylline also augmented glucagon and glucose-mediated insulin secretion. The data raise the question of the possible role of the adenyl cyclase system in the mechanism of ACTH action on the pancreatic β cell. (Endocrinology 81 : 558, 1967)


Underwater sensing is envisioned using inexpensive underwater sensor nodes distributed over a wide area, deployed close to the bottom, and networked through underwater acoustic communications. In this paper, an underwater acoustic sensor node to perform the underwater sensing is designed and implemented. Specifically, we describe the design criteria, architecture and functional modules of underwater acoustic sensor node. Moreover, we give the experiment results of ocean current field estimation using the designed underwater acoustic sensor nodes at the sea area of Liuheng, Zhoushan, China.


Data mining is the process of finding interesting pattern from different data sets, which is used in market basket analysis, cross marketing, fraud detection. Data collection and storage technology has made it possible for organizations to accumulate huge amounts of data at lower cost. Exploiting this stored data, in order to extract useful and actionable information, is the overall goal of the generic activity termed as data mining. Data mining functionalities are used to specify the kind of patterns to be found in data mining tasks. Frequent pattern mining is extensively used in market basket analysis. Each record consists of the transaction of individual customer towards different products at different level. There is need for a monitoring and effective suggestion mechanism for merchant to develop a strategy for attracts customers to their shop. The proposed methodology uses the FP (Frequent pattern) growth algorithm for customers' behavior which describe a hierarchical scheme to provide cross-level suggestions for merchant. FP Growth uses divide and conquer mechanism. It requires less time and no candidate generation as compare to traditional Apriori algorithm. This system can help a merchant to get multiple levels of abstract suggestions in place of single level frequent pattern mining results


In order to verify the feasibility of PFGE technology on finding out the different genes associated with Cr( VI)removal between ATCC 9372 and Ua strains,the strains were cultured by LB medium which contains 0,20,40,60,80mg·L-1Cr( VI),OD600 and removal rates were measured at 0,12,24,36,48,60 h. PFGE technology was used to study the differences of DNA between two strains which have been enzyme. The feasibility of PFGE technology was verified by PCR and analysis of restriction sites. GM technology was used to test the function of different genes on removing Cr( VI). Results showed that the growth conditions and removal rates of ATCC 9372 and Ua strains reached the maximum at 48 h,ATCC 9372 strain grew better than Ua strain,and its removal rate reached 95% in 40 mg·L-1Cr( VI) solution as well as the removal rate of Ua strain just reached 52. 31%. There is a 3Kb different fragment which had been digested by EcoRI-Hind III between ATCC9372 and Ua strains was showed by the results of PFGE technology.Yth A and Yti B genes were contained in the different fragment. The feasibility of PFGE to explore difference among DNA is credible which was tested by PCR and the analysis of restriction sites. The removal rate of genetically modified strain ATCC 9372-Yti B declined 12% reflected that gene Yti B can inhibit the function of removing Cr( VI). Our study provide a new approach of searching different genes theoretically,and the approach need further improvement.


This study is mainly related to the compus main core, which is
the center of function and the necleus of growth, where various
activities take place, and has the most composite changeability.
By classifying the campus main cores based on the analysis of
their types, this study was aimed (1) to provide the practical
modelling for campus design and (2) to present the architectural
suggestion useful to future-oriented planning of campus..


Technology is evolving and giving new advancement for the welfare of human life. Internet of things is making human life easier and advance in terms of technology. As the Internet of Things is making human life so advance in the home, it can also be better utilized to make transport comfortable and time-saving. In the current scenario, the traveling, especially from public transport, has become a big concern. So the implementation of IoT in this field can easily solve this problem. In this paper we proposed a method where the public buses (local transport buses of the particular smart city) are equipped with devices which can monitor the overloading and under loading of the buses and if needed this information can be exchanged with the cloud so that necessary steps can be taken to provide a hazel free transport facility to the citizens of the city.