Abstract : Light Emitting Polymers (LEPs) are being developed for lightweight, low cost, infrared emitters for potential Individual IFF applications. The unique requirements for emitter operation (modulated, short term response) require study of time dependent optical and electrical behavior. Multiple LEP devices were evaluated to determine intensity variations and voltage response as a function of time and activations. From experimental data, it became possible to suggest approaches for creating the optimum LEP device for future IIFF devices. Key results included the increase of intensity in all emitters, observation of necessary warm-up periods for yellow devices, large voltage responses of red emitters, and device reset time. All emitters saw intensity increase while being activated continuously over short periods of time. The yellow emitter had the largest intensity variation, so a warm-up period of constant current was used, significantly impacting the intensity. The red devices were determined to have large turn-on voltages at initial activation. The device reset time, or the time for the intensity to drop after reaching optimum intensity was also determined. Further research into the combination of red and yellow dyes is suggested, as well as continued research into the impact that small periods of operating time have on LEP intensity.


Kyoto Protocol (1997) has designed three market-based "flexible mechanisms": Emissions Trading (ET), Joint Implementation (JI) and the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). The CDM projects are developed in developing countries, assisted with technology and finance from investors of the industrialized countries who in return would get carbon credits called CER - for the reductions of Green house gas emission and can use those credits to meet their Kyoto target. Alternatively, project developers may generate emission reduction for sale in the international market. Three stakeholders are involved in the process, the industrialized country governments and companies who have undertaken emission reduction target, the developing countries where the CDM projects are developed and the global environment. The global environmental damages would get reduced by emission reduction of the CDM projects, no matter where the project is located. The developing countries get sustainable production due to CDM projects and either finance and/or technology for development of CDM projects cash flows from sale of CER. The industrialized countries and the companies get the required CER at economic price or cost of investment.Up to 12-02-2007 a total 506 projects have already been registered and 99 projects are requesting registration and another 845 projects are in the pipeline. The expected green house gas reduction in units of tons of carbon or equivalent by 2012 is 1.8 billion with average annual emission reduction of 113 million of tCO2e. (tCO2e means one ton of carbon dioxide emission or equivalent) In 2005, 374 million tCO2e of Certified Emissions Reductions (CER), were transacted at a value of US$2.7 billion with an average price climbing over US$7.23 per CER. In the first three months of 2006, prices for projectbased emission reductions soared with an average reported price of US$11.45 per tCO2e for the 79 million tons transacted in the first three months of 2006 alone, corresponding to a value of nearly US$0.9 billion.Starting on 08-March-2005 till 12-Feb-2007 India has 164 registered projects with annual estimated emission reduction of 1.567 millions of tCO2e. Based on the risk adjusted conservative value of $6 only (offered by the World Bank) for the CER to be generated from the registered projects in India and taking the current rate of conversion of 1 USD for 44 ICU the potential monetary value of 'Additionality' in India comes to almost 4138 million rupees a year.In world ranking India is first in number of projects and third in annual volume of emission reduction. Out of 15 sectors only in 6 sectors CDM projects have been developed in India. Amongst 28 states of  India only in 16 states in India CDM projects have been developed while  other states and union territories are yet to open their account. Rajasthan shared 31% of total emission reduction.


Buchwaldoboletus xylophilus and Phlebopus portentosus (Boletales) are two non-ectomycorrhizal boletes, which are widely reported in tropical Asia. However, there is little information available about the taxonomy of these two boletes. Here, B. xylophilus and P. portentosus are redescribed based on morphology and molecular phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences from nuclear 28S rDNA (28S), nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer region ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-α gene (TEF1) and the RNA polymerase II second largest subunit gene (RPB2). Detailed descriptions, color photos of fresh basidiomata, and line-drawings of microscopic features of the two taxa are presented.


The development of distributed computer systems offers significant computational capability for industrial process control applications. The objective of this article is to parameterize a computer control system distributed so as to relate the process performance to the computer structure, hardware and software limitations, organization, and operation. In particular, this parameterization realizes itself as a resource model in which the hardware resources of the computer are requested by the tasks of the system. Under a specific model of operation, the resource model is formulated and a detailed simulation of the computer system model is implemented. The simulation provides not only validation of the resource model, but allows examination of parametric relationships useful in system design. This simulation is linked to a simulation of a dynamic process; hence complex relationships between the computer and the process can be simply assessed.


The results of studies of the consistent variability of the parameters of the electrode layer of the atmosphere during the passage of thick convective clouds accompanied by rainfall are presented. For a series of cumulonimbus cloud passes with heavy showers high-frequency (periods of less than 10 min) fluctuations in the structure of precipitation in time and size spectrum were analyzed. A correspondence between the variations of hydrometeors flow, electric field potential gradient (∇φ) and polar conductivities (λ±) has been established.


Abstract : The object of this program was to make a detailed study of the action of the binder phase in cemented wolfram carbide alloys with the objective of explaining the several factors which control the physical and mechanical properties of the sintered parts and to provide a basis for the proper selection of the best binder materials and sintering techniques for specific situtions.


The paper discusses the efforts made by Western Energy Company, a surface coal mining company in southeastern Montana, to establish prime sharptailed grouse (Tympanuchus phasianellus) habitat following mining. Mitigation work regarding sharp-tailed grouse and how they may be affected by surface mining began in 1975. There were many unanswered questions: If traditional sharp-tailed grouse dancing grounds were disturbed, would they reestablish? Would reclaimed land provide nesting and brood habitats? Would local grouse population levels drop? Following tvv011ty years of mining and reclamation at Colstrip, we now have information vvn1ch can help to address these concerns. With nearly 4,000 acres successful I)' rc:,·1e1imed there is a land base on which to make some knowledgeable judgments as to how effective the reclamation program has been for reestablishing grouse habitat.


Cultural anthropology was introduced into China in the early part of the 20th century. Its unique research angle of view has given a new outlook to Chinese myth research. On this basis, it is more meaningful to renew the understanding of Chinese myth, and to observe and re examine the phenomenon of totem and the origin of myth. From this basis, to understand profoundly the original form of human living status we can elucidate the particularity of Chinese myth, whose most distinct property are the worshipping of procreation and matriarchy culture and myth imago.


The article is devoted to the analysis of public law mediation in the settlement of international conflicts. Using the example of the armed confrontation on the territory of the Republic of Cyprus that took place in 1974, the authors analyze the role of international intermediaries (mediators) in resolving the armed conflict and overcoming its consequences. The causes of the Cyprus armed conflict are studied, and the conditions under which public law mediation is expedient are analyzed. At the same time, the conditions for providing mediation services in the settlement of such conflicts are evaluated.
In the conditions of the armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine, the study of the role of mediation in international law plays a positive role, taking into account the aspiration of some UN member states to play a positive peaceful conciliatory role in the cessation of military aggression by the aggressor state.
            Along with the abovementioned, the positive features of public-law mediation are noted and the consequences of using this institute of mediation procedure in armed conflicts are described. The criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of public legal mediation are expressed. It also describes the conditions under which the guarantor states assumed international obligations regarding the settlement of the Cyprus crisis.
            The conclusions indicate attempts to settle it, which, unfortunately, did not find the support of the population of this island state. Along with this, it is noted that the subjects of public-legal mediation act as mediators not only in the solution, but also in the possible introduction of peaceful measures that will mitigate the international conflict. As an example, Turkey's participation in unblocking the work of Ukrainian seaports for the purpose of exporting food products by sea transport during the armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine in 2022 is given.


Construction of systematic and efficient safety oversight system is important for aviation authority to perform the safety oversight work on the air carriers. With increase of the public demand on aviation safety level and rapid development of the aviation traffic, USA have reformed the air carrier oversight organization structure, approaches and tools during 1990s. Comparing the air carrier oversight experience between USA and China, these articles provide suggestion on development of China air carrier oversight organization, approaches and tools. KeywordsAir Carrier; Safety Oversight; Oversight Organization Structure; Oversight Approaches; Oversight Tools


It is a complex and systematic project to reform the environment of old residential quarters. A designing idea of "One greenery circle surrounds six blocks and the greenery land in this residential districts distributes evenly" was put forward in this paper based on the principle of "All the designing and provisions are just for people' better living".Requirements for the residents in their daily lives were better satisfied and a specific landscape effect was obtained through the design. Some design ways to create specific landscape in older residential quarters according to the present conditions were discussed


In this paper, we present two novel blind chan- nel estimation algorithms for OFDM systems based upon the knowledge that the modulated and transmitted data are confined to a finite alphabet set. The Minimum Im- pulse Length (MIL) method exploits the correlations be- tween adjacent subcarrier coefficients caused by time lim- ited impulse responses and shows a very good estimation performance. Unfortunately, MIL and most other Finite- Alphabet based blind channel estimation approaches are known to be extremely complex due to an exhaustive search to be performed over a tremendous number of channel co- efficient combinations. Our Clustered SubCarriers (CSC) method, however, dramatically reduces this number of co- efficient combinations to be checked without a significant deterioration in estimation quality. Using bit error rates (BERs), both algorithm are tested with simulations and compared to other blind and nonblind channel estimators.


ABSTRACT This paper examines the impact of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on the Australian firm investment activity. We find a significant positive relationship between the EPU and the firm investment over 2002 to 2017 period. Our main results remain unchanged after several endogeneity tests. Further analysis reveals that this relationship becomes pronounced for firms if their headquarters located in small states, firms with more tangible assets, higher operating cash flows and cash holdings, higher profits and leverage, but firms with fewer dividend payouts. Our paper sheds lights on the unique attribute of the impact of the EPU on the Australian firm investment activity and offers important policy and managerial implications.


Taking the three spans isolated continuous girder bridges for the engineering background,Bouc-Wen restoring force model is adopted to simulate the nonlinear characteristics for LRB,multi-story liner system concentrated quality finite element analytic model considering SSI is established,and the time-history analysis procedure of the Wilson-θ step-by-step integration method used to solve the increment form nonlinear governing equation of motion considering SSI is programmed.We make a contrastive analysis based on before and after isolated bridges model of considering SSI and rigid foundation hypotheses by combining the procedure with calculation example.The results indicate that the considering SSI has larger value on the seismic response than the rigid foundation,but the seismic response value has no great difference between two models under pulse of typeⅠ and Ⅱ.The considering SSI has larger value on the seismic response than the rigid foundation under pulse of type Ⅲ,so the SSI can not be neglected in the isolated seismic design of bridges under pulse of type Ⅲ.The LRB isolated rate has insensitive to considering SSI or not,and LRB isolated rate has no great difference between two models under the same type of pulse,but the effect of LRB under pulse of typeⅠ and Ⅱis superior to effect of LRB under pulse of type Ⅲ.


The bulk wave, which is radiated into the substrate from the leaky surface acoustic wave (LSAW), can be suppressed by loading the substrate with a thin film of dielectric such as tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5) and silicon dioxide (SiO2). Rotated Y-cut X-propagating lithium niobate (LiNbO3) is used for the substrate. For a certain range of the rotation angle, the attenuation of the LSAW can be suppressed by choosing the appropriate material and thickness for the film. For the free surface of 64° Y−X LiNbO3 with Ta2O5 film, and the metallized surface of 41° Y−X LiNbO3 with SiO2 film, the measured propagation losses decreased approximately to one-fourth to half of that of the sample without the thin film. It is shown that, even if the propagation path is a free surface, the particle displacement distribution in the LSAW is concentrated near the substrate surface by the loading with the thin film, as for the metallized surface. This result suggests that the bulk wave radiation in the LSAW excitation can be suppre...


The existence of child labor is a complex phenomenon and is often considered a logical consequence, in a household, of the economic needs of poverty-stricken families. This is due to several factors such as the condition of the child himself, the family background, and the influences of parents, culture and environment. This paper aims to determine the effect of household structure on child labor by comparing households headed by divorced single mothers and nuclear households that include a mother and father in Indonesia. This study uses cross-sectional data from the 2014 Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) with the instrumental variable (IV) method. The results showed that, for the nuclear households that include a mother and father, the probability of child labor decreased, or that when a divorced single mother heads the household, the likelihood of child labor increases, including in rural areas. The same thing happens when households headed by divorced single mothers tend to increase the likelihood of sons being sent into the labor market. Thus, household structure has a vital role in determining the decisions of parents to engage their children in paid employment


The development of a spreadable olive paste was carried out. Sevillian or Gordal green olive varieties were used in the paste. Pastes were prepared by crushing olives after pit removal and adding preservatives (potassium solvate and sodium benzoate), and antioxidants (T. B. H. Q.) to crushed olives. These were characterized by recording microbial, physical, chemical and sensory measurements and shelf life was evaluated over three months of storage at room temperature (18 °C) and under refrigeration (4 °C). The final microbial count of the paste was less than 100 ufc/ml. Sensory testing demonstrated that it was acceptable and storage conditions did not significantly affect the product.The pH of the paste decreased with time (4.3 to 4.17), resulting in increased acidity which was affected by storage temperature. The peroxide index, increased with time, (from 5 to 27 meq peroxide/kg oil). However, the pastes were not perceived to be rancid after sensory testing. Regarding the color, the main change observed was a darkening of the paste, as determined using the parameter L*. The shelf life of the olive paste was 90 days either under refrigeration or at room temperature.


ObjectiveTo assess the overall efficiency of an outpatient behavioral rehabilitation program for excess disability and chronic pain and to describe the program staff, treatment components and outcomes in sufficient detail to facilitate comparison with similar programs. DesignEight-year follow-up study of patients referred and treated. SettingOutpatient primary care and multispecialty group medical practice. Patients354 of 421 unselected patients referred for the behavioral management of excess disability, who completed the treatment program and participated in follow-up. Interventions15–20 sessions of physical and occupational therapy, 5–10 sessions of biofeedback, and one or two family sessions all based upon behavioral techniques described by Fordyce and by Roberts. Main Outcome MeasuresQuestionnaires, including analog scales, administered before treatment and at 1, 6, 12, and 24 months posttreatment. ResultsPatients (n = 67) who dropped out did not differ systematically from those who participated (n = 354). The treatment program resulted in a marked and enduring reduction of pain, and a statistically and clinically significant improvement in patients' ability to function at work and in the home. Patients overwhelmingly endorsed the program. ConclusionsA brief, inexpensive, outpatient behavioral rehabilitation program for chronic pain and excess disability can achieve a clinically significant and lasting reduction of pain and improvement in function at work and at home.


Background and study aims: A new core biopsy needle for endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided sampling has recently been developed. The aim of this prospective multicenter study was to compare this needle with a standard needle in patients with solid pancreatic masses. Patients and methods: Consecutive patients with solid pancreatic masses referred to 17 centers for EUS-guided sampling were included. Each patient had two passes with a standard 22G needle and a single pass with a 22G core needle performed in a randomized order. Samples from both needles were separately processed for liquid-based cytology and cell-block preparation and were assessed independently by two blinded expert pathologists. The primary endpoint was the accuracy of the detection of malignancy. The reference standard was based on further cytohistological analysis obtained under ultrasound or computed tomography scanning, endoscopic or surgical guidance, and/or by clinical follow-up with repeated imaging examinations for at least 12 months. The secondary endpoints were the rate of technical failure and the quality of the cytohistological samples obtained. Results: Of the 80 patients included (49 men; mean age 67.1 ± 11.1), 87.5 % had final malignant diagnoses (adenocarcinoma n = 62, 77.5 %). There was no difference between the needles in diagnostic accuracy (standard needle 92.5 % vs. core needle 90 %; P = 0.68) or technical failure. Both pathologists found the overall sample quality significantly better for the standard needle (expert 1, P = 0.009; expert 2, P = 0.002). Conclusions: The diagnostic accuracy of EUS sampling for solid pancreatic masses using standard and core needles seems comparable but with a better overall histological sample quality for the former. ClinicalTrial.gov identifier: NCT01479803.


The impact of ethnic minority status on self-esteem is the object of a great many studies in the United States ( 5 ) . For the last 15 years, most studies find hardly any differences between black subjects and white subjects. This means that the widely held assumption that ethnic minorities, given their low status, poverty, powerlessness, and subjection to prejudice and discrimination, have lower global self-esteem is not confirmed. This finding seems also to hold in Great Britain ( 1 ) . Outside these countries hardly any empirical research has been done. The present study, part of a larger project and the first of its kind in The Netherlands, was designed to assess the generality of the minority starus effects reported in American and English research. Toward this end mro issues were examined, ( a ) ethnic and sex differences among a sample of adolescents in The Netherlands and ( b ) the relationship of length of residence in the country and self-esteem among minority immigrants. The Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale ( 4 ) , widely used in research on ethnic groups and their self-esteem (2, 3 ) , was administered. Interviews were conducted with 207 respondents of Rotterdam, whose ages ranged from 13 to 16 yr. The sample contained 104 Dutch adolescents and 103 ethnic minority adolescents, mainly from Morocco and Surinam. Fifty-one percent of the respondents were girls with approximately the same sex distribution charanterising each of the ethnic groups. There were no differences between the ethnic groups in socioeconomic status and education. No significant ( p > .lo) difference ( t = 1.26) between Dutch ( M = 3.6, SD = 3.3) and ethnic minority adolescents ( M = 3.1, SD = 3.5) was noted. Girls, however, had lower scores than boys ( M = 2.1, SD = 3.4 and M = 4.7, SD = 3.0 respectively; t = 5.75). Significant sex differences characrerjsed each ethnic group including the Dutch. Since experience with Dutch culture could increase immigrants' social integration and self-esteem, an additional analysis was conducted in which the adolescents from ethnic minority backgrounds were divided into three groups according to their length of residence in The Netherlands: 1-5, 6-10, and 11-15 yr. Comparisons of the self-esteem scores exhibited by these groups (controlling for sex) gave no significant effect for length of residence (F = 2.38). In short, our results showed the same patrern as studies in America and Britain. Over-all, there was no difference in global self-esteem for Dutch and ethnic minoricy adolescents. Minority status, defined in terms of sex, however, was associated with lower levels of self-esteem. In addition, the negligible impact of length of residence on self-esteem suggests that familiarity with Dutch society does not have a positive effect on self-esteem. The Dutch government's efforts to accommodate the special needs of minority citizens apparently does not have an influence on global self-esteem of adolescents.


This paper is situated in the emergent field of "Design Fiction" and describes how this approach can be applied to explorations in the field of immersive media experiences. We present Sensory Fiction -- an exploration in augmenting the emotions of a reader via a modular, multi-sensory system. The science on the nature of emotions is still inconclusive and direct ways of controlling them computationally are yet to be discovered. However, this project creates a Design Fiction that highlights the opportunities and challenges that the availability of such technology might bring. We leveraged existing scientific insights to build a functional prototype that aims to induce and evoke emotions by simulating the physiological system. Used in combination with conceptual, non-functional modules (i.e. modules that do not function physically but that introduce the idea of a physical actuation), we created an artifact to spark discussion about the future of immersive emotional experiences but that can also be experienced by the audience. Lastly, we show how presenting the project in appropriate contexts and analyzing the audience's reaction is a useful strategy to evaluate Design Fiction projects.


INTRODUCTION
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a sleep related disorder resulting in apneic and hypopneic episodes during sleep. The purpose of this article is to present and discuss our experience with the "Thornton Adjustable Positioner" TAP Splint in a consecutive series of patients affected by OSAS.

METHODS
The data of all patients affected by OSAS and with indication to oral appliance (OA) treatment at the Dentistry Department of the Vercelli Hospital between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2019 were collected. The following data were recorded for each patient: gender; age; smoke and/or alcohol assumption; BMI; comorbidities and current pharmacological therapy; initial AHI; OSAS category; eventual performed OSAS treatment options before OA treatment; indication to OA treatment; final AHI following OA treatment; complications and side effects.

RESULTS
A total of 18 subjects (11 men, 7 women) with a mean age of 58,8 years were enrolled in this study with a mean AHI of 27,9 (range 5,8-84). Average BMI was 29. OA treatment reduced AHI in all patients (mean post treatment AHI, 5; range, 3,1-8). All patients were satisfied with the subjective improvement of OSAS symptoms.

CONCLUSIONS
Our results confirm the usefulness of a specific type of mandibular advancement device that can be considered as a valuable therapeutic modality in OSAS patients. Side effects are limited and they usually do not decrease the compliance of patients.


According to World Health Organization, hypertension is one of the main causes of mortality
in the world. The prevalence of hypertension in the world population is over 25% and
about 9 millions in Poland. Pathogenesis of essential hypertension still remains unknown. A lot of researchers have shown a big role of the environmental risk factors leading to hypertension.
The main risk factors are: improper diet, physical inactivity, stress, smoking
and alcohol intake. Diet poor in potassium, magnesium and calcium as well as high sodium
and energy intake from fat, especially that containing saturated fatty acids and trans acids
increase blood pressure. DASH diet decreases arterial blood pressure.
Second element of the lifestyle is a physical activity. Regular physical activity results in
decrease of blood pressure. Inactivity increases blood pressure and promotes the development
of obesity which is next risk factor for hypertension. Finally, stimulants like cigarettes
or alcohol also have a hypertensive effect. Nonpharmacological treatment which is
lifestyle modification is as important as pharmacological treatment and enables to lower
the doses of antihypertensive drugs. Nonpharmacological procedure applies to all patients
with hypertension and high normal pressure.


Sydney C. K. Chu received his B.S. and M.S. degrees from Cornell University and his Eng. Sc.D. from Columbia Univer? sity. After some scientific consulting and adjunct university teaching in the U.S., he joined the University of Hong Kong, where he has been since 1978. He has published in the various fields of applied mathematics, computing science, mathematical modelling, industrial engineering, and opera? tions research.


2005, the authors showed that systemic administration of STAT3 inhibitors not only inhibited tumor growth but also reduced the production of immunosuppressive cytokines while increasing production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, leading to augmentation of DC function and cytotoxic T-cell induction. 7 They later showed that in the same way, ablating STAT3 in hematopoietic cells results in rapid activation of innate immunity by CpG (a TLR9 ligand), with enhanced production of interferon-g, tumor necrosis factor a, and interleukin-12 and activation of macrophages, neutrophils, and natural killer (NK) cells associated with eradication of B16 melanoma tumors. 8 STAT3 has also been shown to play a significant role in promoting AML cell proliferation and survival, 9 but whether it also plays a role in AML-induced immune evasion remains to be determined. In the present study, the authors extend from their previous work to investigate whether silencing STAT3 using small interfering RNA (siRNA) increases CpG-induced DC maturation, T-cell activation, and AML-induced immunity in a genetic mouse model of Cbfb/MYH11/ Mpl 1-induced leukemia, which closely resembles human AML with inv(16)(p13:q22) gene fusion. The authors report that CpG-Stat3 siRNA-induced leukemia regression is primarily dependent on correction of the immunosuppressive microenvironment of AML rather than on direct tumor cell killing. In a series of elegant experiments, they showed that CpG-Stat3 siRNA facilitates differentiation of AML blasts to antigen-presenting cells (APCs) with DC phenotype, with upregulation of major histocompatibility class II and costimulatory molecules. Moreover, systemic STAT3 blocking/ TLR9 triggering was shown to reverse immune tolerance by downregulating expression of the coinhibitory PD-L1 molecule and reducing numbers of Tregs while increasing recruitment of activated CD8 T cells into major leukemia reservoirs, such as spleen and bone marrow. These findings show that STAT3 is a key molecule favoring persistence of AML through 3 mechanisms: promoting proliferation and survival, preventing AML differentiation to functional DCs, and blocking T-cell function through other pathways (see figure). However, while the murine AML model may be an accurate representation of human core binding factor leukemias, the mouse immune milieu may be a less accurate representation of its human counterpart. Nevertheless, these findings encourage us to explore the role that STAT3 plays in our ability to achieve and maintain remissions in AML and raise the exciting prospect of therapeutically targeting STAT3 in conjunction with remission induction treatment. A diversity of abnormalities in NK cells, T cells, and APC function have been described in AML. …


The paper examines the long-run relationship between per capita income growth, energy consumption, and pollutant emissions in China during the period 1953-2004. We find that energy consumption, pollutant emissions and income are cointegrated in the long run. To supplement the findings of cointegrating analysis, we assess the causal relationships using Granger causality test and find strong evidence for bilateral causality running between income growth with energy consumption and pollutant emissions, both in the short-run and long-run. We further provide policy suggestions.


Present work investigates the ore mineralogy, geochemistry of host metasedimentary rocks, and the mineral chemistry of the main sulphide minerals, namely, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, galena, and pyrite from the Rangpo sulphide mineralization, Sikkim. Based on the textural relationships of the oxide and sulphide minerals such as mutual boundary, exsolution blebs, and replacement features, three stages including two stages of primary ore mineral formation, and an alteration stage of secondary mineral development is established. Oxide and sulphide minerals predominantly magnetite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, galena, pyrrhotite, and cobaltite occur as stage‐I ore minerals, and the sulphide minerals namely galena, pyrrhotite chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, sphalerite, and pyrite are identified as stage‐II minerals. The alteration minerals malachite and azurite represent stage‐III. The geochemistry of host metasedimentary rocks is characterized by SiO2 in the range of 53.28 to 85.62 wt%, Mg# values between 25.48 and 49.60, MgO and K2O having a strong negative correlation with SiO2, high values of Zr/Sc (32.5) versus Th/Sc (3.44), and enrichment of trace elements like Cr (30–87 ppm), V (27–81 ppm), Ni (13–49 ppm), and Sc (3–12 ppm). The Th/Sc versus Zr/Sc, K2O/Na2O versus SiO2, and Th/Co versus La/Sc plots attribute that the host metasedimentary rocks are recycled sediments largely of passive continental margin with a felsic source. However, the Mg# versus SiO2 and K2O/Na2O versus SiO2 point to the incorporation of mantle material from the orogenic margin, possibly arc‐related and mafic in nature. The features such as the mineral assemblage, the simultaneous crystallization shown by mutual boundaries and exsolution blebs, and the mineral chemical data of ore minerals favour a high‐temperature hydrothermal environment of ore deposition. This inference is substantiated by general high Fe concentration in sphalerite and other ore minerals, 800 to 2,400 ppm Cd in sphalerite, Ag and Sb in galena from 1,000 to 2,500 ppm and 400 to 800 ppm respectively, and noticeable Ag in chalcopyrite. The inferred depositional and tectonic environment of host metasedimentary rocks, the petrographic features of ores, and their mineral chemical data altogether invoke that the Rangpo ore mineralization in metasedimentary rocks was formed at high temperature in an environment where mafic mantle material from the active arc was amalgamated with the passive margin sediments derived from the felsic source rocks.


There are two major reasons why high-level test synthesis (HLTS) has advantages over design for testability (DFT) at low level: (l) size complexity and (2) functional abstraction. A design grows significantly in size when it is synthesized into a low level description. For example, the behavioral description of an FIR filter in Silage language required only one page, whereas the structural VHDL of the same design at gate level required as much as forty pages. This explosion in size complexity causes a loss in the effectiveness of any automated tool. The second advantage, functional abstraction, allows one to utilize specific functional behaviors, that can be used for various activities during ATPG. For example, it is easy to identify that an adder will propagate a pattern at one of the inputs to its output provided the other input is zero, but at the gate level it requires a large amount of search to derive the same information. HLTS has access to more information than low-level DFT, hence the former is capable of achieving more than the latter. As we go higher in the description, the more functional abstraction we can get, thereby making the testing tasks easier.


Laboratory experiments on the growth of sea ice in a very thin plastic tank filled with salt water, cooled from above and insulated with thermopane, clearly show the formation and development of brine drainage channels. The sea-water freezing cell is 0.3 cm thick by 35 cm wide by 50 cm deep; the thermopane insulation permits the ice interior to be photographed. Experimentally, we observe that vertical channels with diameters of 1 to 3 mm and associated smaller feeder channels extend throughout the ice sheet. Close examination of the brine channels show that their diameter at the ice-water interface is much narrower than higher up in the ice, so that the channel has a "neck" at the interface. Further, oscillations occur in the brine channels, in that brine flows out of the channel followed by a flow of sea-water up into the channel. Theoretically, a qualitative theory based on the difference in pressure head between the brine inside the ice and the sea-water provides a consistent explanation for the formation of the channels, and the onset of a convective instability explains the existence of the neck. Finally, an analysis based on the presence of the brine-channel neck provides an explanation for the observed oscillations.


forget waat it was meant to represent. They come down firmly, however, on the side of group discussion as an aid to better understanding of a subject. The third chapter deals with how to pass promotion tests and emphasises, inter alia. the correct use of vocabulary building and warns students to be on guard against negatives in examination questions. The soundness of the techniques will impress training officers in this country and, whereas certain subjects in the tests are not within our normal sphere of operations, the system could be adapted with advantage by any student studying alone or by any training officer having the responsibility for pre-promotion courses, classes, or in the general supervision of a training syllabus. J.D.D.


Signals delivered by Ig receptors guide the development of functional B lymphocytes. For example, clonal expansion of early (cid:1) heavy chain ( (cid:1) HC)-positive pre-B cells requires the assembly of a signal-competent pre-B cell receptor complex (pre-BCR) consisting of a (cid:1) HC, a surrogate L chain, and the signal dimer Ig (cid:2)(cid:3) . However, only a small fraction of the pre-BCR is transported to the cell surface, suggesting that pre-BCR signaling initiates already from an intracellular compartment, e.g., the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The finding that differentiation of pre-B cells and allelic exclusion at the IgH locus take place in surrogate L chain-deficient mice further supports the presence of a (cid:1) HC-mediated intracellular signal pathway. To determine whether a signal-competent Ig complex can already be assembled in the ER, we analyzed the consequence of pervanadate on tyrosine phosphorylation of Ig (cid:2) in J558L plasmacytoma and 38B9 pre-B cells transfected with either a transport-competent IgL chain-pairing or an ER-retained nonpairing (cid:1) HC. Flow cytometry, combined Western blot-immunoprecipitation-kinase assays, and confocal microscopy revealed that both the nonpairing and pairing (cid:1) HC assembled with the Ig (cid:2)(cid:3) dimer; however, in contrast to a pairing (cid:1) HC, the nonpairing (cid:1) HC was retained in the ER- cis- Golgi compartment, and neither colocalized with the src kinase lyn nor induced tyrosine phosphorylation of Ig (cid:2) after pervanadate treatment of cells. On the of findings, we propose that a signal-competent Ig complex consisting of Ig , and associated kinases is assembled in a post-ER compartment, thereby supporting the idea that a pre-BCR must be transported to the cell surface to initiate pre-BCR signaling. The Journal of Immunology, 2003, 171: 3091–3101.


Careful observation is important in the process of news interview and interviee' body languages cannot be ignored.The present article points out the importance of body languages and analyses the function attitudes,emotion and character of interviewees reflected by body languages.


When approximating a black-box function, sampling with active learning focussing on regions with non-linear responses tends to improve accuracy. We present the FLOLA-Voronoi method introduced previously for deterministic responses, and theoretically derive the impact of output uncertainty. The algorithm automatically puts more emphasis on exploration to provide more information to the models.


The present article aims at contributing towards the debate over exchange rate misalignment in Brazil, with special regard to the period after 1994. Therefore, we present an equilibrium exchange rate calculation for Brazilian economy for the 1984-2000 period. We use a model based on Montiel (1999), adequate for developing economies, and estimated by means of quarterly data. The estimates are made from long-run coefficients for a cointegrating model, in which variables are transformed by Hodrick-Prescott filter so that we can extract their permanent values. The results indicate that the evolution of fundamentals gave rise to a tendency towards the reduction of exchange rate misalignment after 1994. In addition, the estimated coefficient of error correction was compatible with the exchange rate behavior after the exchange market liberalization in January 1999.


Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) and ALK-negative systemic anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALK-neg ALCL) constitute a rare group of haematological malignancies characterized by a poor prognosis (Armitage et al, 2004). Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) can provide a potentially curative graft-versus-lymphoma (GVL) effect (van Besien et al, 1997), but its benefit is usually offset by a significant incidence of transplant-related mortality (TRM) (Kim et al, 2006). Because of their potential to reduce TRM, reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) regimens have arisen as an attractive modality in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), but the role of RIC allo-SCT in high grade NHL remains a matter of debate (Robinson et al, 2002; Morris et al, 2004; Corradini et al, 2007). This report assessed the long-term outcome of seven consecutive PTCL patients who received RIC allo-SCT from human leucocyte antigen (HLA) identical siblings as salvage therapy in a single institution between December 2001 and November 2005. Patients' characteristics, transplant procedures, graft-versushost disease (GVHD) features and outcomes are summarized in Table I. Of note, all patients had received two or more previous chemotherapy regimens prior to allo-SCT, and all but one (patient 5) underwent at least one autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). After RIC allo-SCT, neutrophiland platelet-sustained engraftment was achieved in all seven patients at a median time of 16 (range, 0–27) d and 14 (range, 0–27) d respectively. None of the patients died of transplant toxicity. Three patients developed grade 2–4 acute GVHD and four out of six assessable patients developed chronic GVHD. Among the seven patients, six are still alive, and all of them are in continuous complete remission (CR) with a median follow-up from allo-SCT of 40 (range, 30–68Æ5) months. Patient 1, who had a refractory chemoresistant PTCL with liver, spleen and bone marrow involvement, responded completely after two donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) concomitantly to limited chronic GVHD. With a follow-up of 68Æ5 months, this patient is still in continuous CR. Patient 6 had progressive and chemoresistant PTCL at time of alloSCT (+260% of lymph node enlargement 1 month prior to allo-SCT), which disappeared at day +60 after grade 1 acute GVHD. Thus far, only a few studies have addressed the role of RIC allo-SCT in T-cell lymphomas. PTCL was found to benefit from the GVL effect induced after RIC allo-SCT (Corradini et al, 2004). The present study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcome of PTCL patients treated with RIC allo-SCT as salvage therapy. Our results suggest that the poor outcome associated with the T-cell phenotype may be overcome by RIC allo-SCT, probably in connection with a potent GVL immunological effect (Corradini et al, 2004, 2007). Despite a small number of patients, our report has a relatively long follow-up (minimum 30 months), suggesting that this GVL effect might be sustainable. Interestingly, extensive GVHD did not appear to be a pre-requisite for the GVL effect, as suggested by the clinical course of patients 1 and 6. The alkylating agent (busulfan) contained in the RIC regimen may have played a role in disease response. However, it is unlikely that this regimen alone could explain long-term disease control, because the majority of patients had failed multiple chemotherapy regimens including autologous SCT. In all, we conclude that RIC allo-SCT should be considered for T-cell NHL if an HLA-matched related donor is identified, since T-cell aggressive NHL can benefit from a sustained immune GVL effect, overcoming the poor prognosis usually associated with this particular phenotype.


The purposes of this empirical study were to determine the relationship, if any, between sexual fantasies and sexual satisfaction as well as the functions of sexual fantasies for married males. From a structural‐functionalism perspective, a questionnaire was developed and pretested for this exploratory study of sexual fantasies. An anonymous questionnaire was administered to 840 undergraduate and graduate student volunteers at a midwestern commuter university. These analyses are restricted to a subsample of 127 married males contained in the original sample. While many authorities have argued that engaging in sexual fantasies may be undesirable, the findings in this study do not support that conclusion.


Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is effective across a range of substance use disorders yet implementation in many substance use treatment settings is comparatively rare due to multiple challenges, including the costly resources needed for appropriate training and supervision of clinicians. Digital technology is one strategy to address these challenges, potentially making such evidence-based therapies more broadly available to those in need of treatment. This chapter provides an overview of the development of a computerized version of CBT (CBT4CBT) as a means of exposing patients to basic CBT skills and strategies in an engaging and user-friendly manner while also allowing clinicians and treatment programs to be more efficient and effective. Empirical evidence supporting CBT4CBT from four randomized trials at the time of writing is reviewed, as well as a description of the potential benefits and applications of computerized therapies. Given their flexibility, relative ease of dissemination, and lower cost compared to clinician-delivered treatment, computerized versions of CBT (and other behavioral therapies) might be used to enhance and extend psychiatric treatment for addictions. Moreover, the level of standardization and control that characterizes computerized therapies may be useful in understanding mechanisms of effective treatments and in development of personalized interventions. While there is tremendous optimism regarding the potential of computerized therapies, such as CBT4CBT, systematic evaluation of these interventions and the methodological standards for evaluating them is still in very early stages relative to the more established behavioral and pharmacologic interventions for addictions.


This research the impacts of the tourism motivation and tourism product experimentiality to the korea national image and the results are as follow. First, chinese tourist` on korean wave showed sensory experiences of experiential marketing, emotional experience, cognitive experiences positively affect to the festival brand loyalty. Second, it showed all items of sensory experiences of experiential marketing, emotional experience, cognitive experiences positively affect to the festival brand loyalty. Through these results, first, Necessity is the possibility of knowing the thing there was grasp about tourism motive difference of the cold Chinese tourists` on korean wave. Second, there must be to cold current tourism goods development, must provide the possibility of knowing the thing was an experience characteristic to the tourists. With this character direction, presented a ongoing search that cold current korean wave tourism market measurement from governmental dimension, cold korean wave tourism goods development which applies the contents from enterprise dimension, theoretical foundation data triangular position from scientific dimension.


In-vitro responses of fresh and old calli of japonica variety, Taipei 309, and indica variety, Qiuguiai 11, were investigated with different culture procedures to develop an efficient protocol to improve the regeneration efficiency of long-term cultured calli of rice. Pre-culture media were used to restore the declined plant regeneration ability in long-term cultured calli. Both proliferation rates and regeneration efficiencies were compared between 2 varieties with fresh and old calli before and after using pre-culture media. It was clear that in-vitro culture responses were being declined after the second subculture of calli, indicating the loss of abilities to regenerate plants from long-term cultured calli in rice. An efficient protocol developed in this study with a pre-culture medium containing 10 mg/l BA,4 mg/l ABA, 1 mg/l NAA and 3% maltose showed 7-9 folds increase of in-vitro responses in longterm cultured old calli. This protocol not only restored the declined in-vitro ability, but also reduced the somaclonal variation, especially in indica variety, Qiuguiai 11. Furthermore, japonica variety, Taipei 309, performed well in the proliferation cultures before and after using pre-culture media, showing higher proliferation rates with both fresh and old calli, comparing with indica variety, Qiuguiai 11. Higher regeneration efficiencies with less number of albino plants were given by indica variety, Qiuguiai 11 throughout the study. This study clearly indicates that the invitro culture responses in rice depend mainly on the varieties of different subspecies, culture conditions and compositions, and the stages of the culture procedures.


A field test program is described which was used to evaluate and then to adjust the 33 power system stabilizers installed on the Pacific Gas and Electric Company's system. Also included is a comparison of the results of these tests with those of a digital computer simulation.


Abstract The interaction of boron trichloride with methylamine can be directed to yield B-tris(methylamino)-N-trimethylborazine. The latter compound reacts with additional boron trichloride to form B-trichloro-N-trimethylborazine in excellent yield


The status and development background of remanufacturing engineering in cyclic economy were described, the energy conservation profit and environmental protection effect of failed engines were analyzed, and the relationship between remanufacturing engineering and surface engineering was discussed. The results showed that the energy conservation profit and environmental protection effect are the best when the failed engines are overall remanufactured. Remanufacturing 10000 engines, the energy could be saved by 14.5 millions kilowatt-hours and the emission of CO2 could be reduced by 0.6 thousands tons. The application of surface techniques in remanufacturing engineering could improve the utilization rato of old engine parts from 72.3 % to 90 %.


Objective Recent studies showed that Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a mediator of innate immune responses, is involved in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Previous studies show that endothelial dysfunction and activation mediated by lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) play an important role in atherosclerosis. We investigated the modulation of TLR4 activation on the expression of LOX-1 and endothelial injury in cultured endothelial cells. Methods HUVECs were incubated with LPS for 24 hours. TLR4 and LOX-1 mRNA were measured by RT-PCR. The expression percentage of TLR4 and LOX-1 positive cells was detected by flow cytometry. The role of NF-κB in modulating LOX-1 expression was examined using NF-κB inhibitor caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE). Results LPS(10-1 000 ng/mL) upregulated TLR4 and LOX-1 mRNA in a dose dependent manner, while LPS(1 000 ng/mL) increased the percentage of TLR4 and LOX-1 positive cell in HUVECs. Pretreatment with CAPE inhibited LPS mediated upregulation of LOX-1 expression. Conclusion Enhanced expression of LOX-1 in endothelial cells may be one of the mechanisms by which TLR4/NF-κB involved in atherogenesis.=


Cloud computing has become a topic of great significance in todays fast-growing techworld. Everyone wants to access their data seamlessly across platforms and devices thus, leading to exponential requests in cloud computing technologies and services across the globe. With the increase in demand for cloud computing services, it has become very important for service providers to provide a secure and reliable platform to their users. Upon performing a comparative study on various data storage algorithms and their performance based on 3 important factors namely, Confidentiality, Availability, and Integrity, there has not been much improvement over a long period. Thus, to suffice this need, we have proposed a solution to overcome this issue using the concept called Dynamic Encryption. This solution targets the most crucial factors in data storage and its transfer over the cloud network.


This paper presents the design concept, models, and open-loop control of a particular form of a variable- reluctance spherical motor (VRSM), referred here as a spherical wheel motor (SWM). Unlike existing spherical motors where design focuses have been on controlling the three degrees of freedom (DOF) angular displacements, the SWM offers a means to control the orientation of a continuously rotating shaft in an open-loop (OL) fashion. We provide a formula for deriving different switching sequences (full step and fractional step) for a specified current magnitude and pole configurations. The concept feasibility of an OL controlled SWM has been experimentally demonstrated on a prototype that has 8 rotor permanent-magnet (PM) pole-pairs and 10 stator electromagnet (EM) pole-pairs.


Abstract : Two Airbus accidents at Nagoya, Japan and Toulouse, France in April and June 1994 highlighted the problem of the highly-automated airplane and its interface with pilots. As technologies in the engineering design progress so quickly in airplane automation, training philosophies toward the 'glass cockpit' may need to be re-evaluated. Many pilots, young and old, praise the advantages brought by the new technology. On the other hand, many have complained about the increasing workload and the danger of automation features which are not in their control. In this thesis, I evaluate the accidents of the highly-automated airplane and the probable solutions which can be applied in the training phase to reduce the accident rates. The training philosophies given to the crewmembers remaining in the cockpit of highly-automated airplanes should guarantee flying safety with limited time and resources in the absence of rigorous regulations. Air transportation surely is the most popular business today and in the future. The machine has been updated to include more automatic controls. Now our concern is to upgrade the human capability to stay abreast of technology and keep flying safe. That is the reason for this thesis, whose contribution to aviation safety is to recommend adequate training philosophies for highly-automated airplane users.


ʻ In Hawai i, the transition from customary subsistence flooded taro agroecosystems, 19 which regulate stream discharge rate trapping sediment and nutrients, to a plantation-style 20 economy (c. the 1840s) led to nearshore sediment deposition smothering coral reefs and destroying 21 adjacent coastal fisheries and customary fishpond mariculture. To mitigate sediment transport, 22 Rhizophora mangle was introduced in estuaries across Hawai'i (c. 1902) further altering fishpond 23 ecosystems. Here, we examine the impact of cultural restoration between 2012ʻ 2018 at He eia 24 Fishpond, a 600-800-year-old walled fishpond. Fishpond water quality was assessed by calculating 25 water exchange rates, residence times, salinity distribution, and abundance of microbial indicators 26 prior to and after restoration. We hypothesized that R. mangle removal and concomitant 27 reconstruction of sluice gates would increase mixing and decrease bacterial indicator abundance in 28 t ʻ he fishpond. We find that He eia Fishpond's physical environment is primarily tidally driven; 29 wind forcing and river flux are secondary drivers. Post-restoration, two gates in the northeastern 30 region account for >80% of relative flux in the fishpond. Increase in exchange rates during spring 31 and neap tide and shorter minimum water residence time corresponded with the reconstruction of 32 a partially obstructed 56 m gap together with the installation of an additional sluice gate in the 33 fishpond wall. Lower mean salinities post-restoration suggests increased freshwater influx due to 34 R. mangle removal. Spatial distribution of microbial bio-indicator species inversely correlated with 35 salinity. Average abundance of Enterococcus and Bacteroidales did not significantly change after 36 restoration efforts, however, average abundance of a biomarker specific to birds nesting in the 37 mangroves decreased significantly after restoration. This study demonstrates the positive impact of 38 biocultural restoration regimes on water flushing and water quality parameters, encouraging the 39 prospect of revitalizing this and other culturally and economically significant sites for sustainable 40 aquaculture in the future. 41


AN ANALYSIS OF CHILD HEALTH INDICATORS ACROSS 57 CITIES USING 2003-2013 DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEY DATA By VICTORIA LASALLE SANON May 7, 2018 Introduction: As the proportion of the world's population increasingly shifts to urban areas, the concern for urban health will progressively pose more of an imminent issue. Many cities lack the proper infrastructure to accommodate the rapid influx of people and are unequipped or unprepared to address the many public health concerns that have arisen. As the rate of urbanization continues to accelerate globally, it is imperative that its effects on child health are both analyzed and addressed. Aim: The aim of this study is to analyze urban child health conditions using seven priority health indicators for 57 cities around the world. Methods: A comparative study of child health indicators across 57 cities was conducted using Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data between the years 2003-2013. Using standard DHS indicator definitions, various combinations of the 7-priority health indicators were used to develop four Urban Health Index (UHI) scores. The differences in urban child health conditions for each city are compared to one another and a UHI score is generated. UHI scores were used for linear regression analyses for gross national income (GNI) and Gini. Results: There are clear geographic disparities; the highest UHI scores indicating poorest child health conditions were generally in Africa and Southeast Asia. Within each WHO region, large gaps in UHI scores were observed. Values for UHI scores and GNI predictably had an inverse relationship. However, there are cities that have remarkably proven to be an exception with low UHI scores (indicating good health) and low GNI values. Similarly, within each city there are inequalities in the distribution of wealth. However, there is no indication of an association between country-level Gini and UHI score. Discussion: The variances within regions can be explained by a multitude of factors such as maternal education, political instability, inadequate levels of sanitation, or a lack of medical resources. Additional analyses are needed to examine how much of an impact these factors have on urban child health. Lastly, future studies should explore what factors are positively affecting child health in countries with low GNI and low UHI scores. AN ANALYSIS OF CHILD HEALTH INDICATORS ACROSS 57 CITIES USING 2003-2013 DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEY DATA by VICTORIA LASALLE SANON B.S., UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia State University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF PUBLIC HEALTH ATLANTA, GEORGIA 30303


Bluetongue (BT) is an acute, viral, vector-borne, non-contagious disease of ruminants caused by Bluetonguevirus (BTV). Twenty-six different serotypes have been identified, and the ability of each strain to cause disease varies widely. BTV can infect a wide range of domestic and wild ruminants - sheep, goats, cattle, buffalo, deer, most species of African antelope and camels. For the study period (2011-2021), outbreaks were declared in 21 member states in Europe with predominant serotypes 1, 4 and 8. Based on data from Animal Disease Information System (ADIS) with the present paper we analyzed the distribution of the BTV serotypes within the affected countries and found that particular serotypes tend to spread to particular countries. The development of regulatory measures for prevention, surveillance and eradication of BT is discussed based on the European legislation.


For many businesses the investment in inventories, measured in absolute amounts or as a percentage of assets, turns out to be quite significant. According to recent statistics, the average nonfinancial US corporation has a larger percentage of its funds invested in inventory than in any other current asset. In fact, the role of inventories for many firms in the wholesale and retail trade is even more pronounced where many firms have in excess of 40 percent of their total assets invested in inventory.


Carbon monoxide inhibition of progesterone hydroxylation and side-chain cleavage catalyzed by rat testis microsomes was studied. Microsomes from testis were incubated with either progesterone or 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone. The enzyme reaction rates were measured through the determination of substrate (progesterone or 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone) disappearance by gas liquid chromatography. As the concentration of oxygen in the gas phase in the incubation decreased the rate of progesterone metabolized decreased. The addition of carbon monoxide to the gas phase inhibited progesterone metabolism (hydroxylation and side-chain cleavage) but this effect was reversed by ultraviolet light. 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone metabolism was almost abolished under similar conditions by carbon monoxide at a concentration 1/2 of that of oxygen.


We show that the Hochschild-Kostant-Rosenberg map from the space of multivector fields on a graded manifold N (endowed with a Berezinian volume) to the cohomology of the algebra of multidifferential operators on N (as a subalgebra of the Hochschild complex of C 1 (N)) is an isomorphism of Batalin-Vilkovisky algebras. These results generalize to differential graded manifolds.


A new framework of data security for database numeric data by using reversible data hiding method is proposed. In the framework, reversible data hiding (RDH) methods are recommended to encode the to-be-protected numeric data in databases for hiding copyright information. Via the use of the proposed framework, not only the values of leaked numeric data are unreal but the copyright information can be extracted from the leaked numeric data to assert the ownership and disclose the illegal behavior. Furthermore, the real values of the leaked numeric data can be regained by performing the reverse process of the RDH method.


This paper deals with the interaction modes of cesium with Trombay basalt. Column and batch experiments have been surnmarised, contribution of adsorption and chemisorption towards total uptake has been calculated, the effect of temperature on these parameters and the feasibility of the particular formation in cesium immobilization have heen discussed.


atmosphere is drier, where there is more wind and where they may even be struck at times by the rays of the sun. In spite of the hairy coatings that make it easier for them to live in relatively arid locations, they have in the main become adapted to drier conditions by the ability of their cells to lose much of their water for short periods without fatal results. This is much the same line of physiological evolution that has been followed by the desert species of Cheilanthes and Notholaena. These plants have retained all of the morphological features and most of the anatomical ones to be found in their congeners of moister climates. By means of an adaptation which is physiological rather than anatomical, these desert ferns are able to live under nearly the same conditions as the cacti, with their elaborate structural features for meeting conditions of drought. In spite of the great diversity exhibited by the ferns of the world, we must regard them as having been conservative from an evolutionary standpoint, when we contrast them with flowering plants. TUCSON, ARIZONA.


Abstract : This report results from a contract tasking Dynamic Holography Group, Institute of Physics National Academy of Sciences as follows: Investigate sillenite crystals and semiconductor photorefractive crystals, especially examining the effect of external AC and DC fields to improve the coupling strength and diffraction efficiency of the recorded gratings.


specimens in the collection of the British Museum (Natural History) and in literature, are here described. The main criterion for the separation of the three is size. Measurements (mm) are as follows: pectoralis (9 specimens), wing 90-98, bill 29-32, tarsus 28-30 brachipus (2 specimens), wing 101-102, bill 35-37, tarsus 3 1-32 clelandi (3 specimens), wing 109-1 14, bill 39-45, tarsus 35-37 A little more data on brachipus are available. Littler (1910) gave these measurements (mm) for Tasmanian birds: wing 104, bill 36, tarsus 32. Skemp (1955) gave the length of bill as one and a half inches (= c. 38 mm). These measurements would appear to confirm those already given. Mathews (1910) gives measurements (mm) for clelandi: wing 114, bill 42, tarsus 36, but his data for pectoralis represent an average of the other two subspecies. From the material available there appear to be differences of colour between the three. Clelandi is generally darker than pectoralis, particularly as regards the chestnut of the head and the olive-brown of the back. It is a clearer grey on breast and neck and whiter on the throat. Pectoralis has olive tips to the grey feathers on head, throat and sides of the breast, giving less well-defined areas of colour. Brachipus is similar to pectoralis but the colour of head and breast is still more obscured by olive tips to the feathers, and the belly, which is white in the other subspecies, has a distinct buffish tint, described by Littler as 'isabelline'. The distribution of the subspecies, with pectoralis occurring on the eastern side of Australia from Queensland to Victoria, and clelandi in the southwest, suggests subspeciation based on early separation in 'refuges' during an arid period, such as is apparent for many other Australian birds (Gentilli 1949; Keast 1961). Brachipus probably represents a later isolation of a part of the population of pectoralis.


One of the most curious and fascinating readings of the work of Dante is the one which, since 1925 ― the year of publication of Rene Guenon's book L'Esoterisme de Dante - has been called the "esoterism of Dante." What I will discuss in this article is the following: can we truly speak of an "esoteric Dante"? Is it possible that Dante, together with other contemporaneous poets and writers, belonged to a secret sect tied to the order of the Knights Templar, of the Free Masons, of the Rosicrucians, or to a heretical order which hid itself behind the name of "Fedeli d'Amore" (Faithful of Love)? Was Dante aware of the Jewish mysticism of the Zohar and of the Kabbalah, which, from out of twelfth-century Spain was stirring its way through Europe at the time? My argument will be developed along two paths: first, a brief summary of the esoteric interpretations of Dante's work; second, an examination of two particular interpretations, the one by Rene Guenon and the other by Mark Jay Mirsky in his study Dante, Eros and Kabbalah.


The invention discloses a lightweight wheel hub, in particular a car wheel hub. The innovation point is that reinforced ribs are arranged at the joints of the side walls of the wheel hub and a chassis, the side walls of the wheel hub and the chassis are thinned, and screw holes lean on the reinforced ribs. By adopting the design, the weight of the wheel hub is greatly reduced and the material consumption is reduced under the circumstance that the strength of the wheel hub is not reduced by the reinforced ribs, so that the production cost is reduced and the market competitiveness of a product is improved.


This paper presents the issues associated with the application of the methodology of learning based in problems (PBL), in the subject of design of machine elements of the Mechanical Engineering Faculty at the Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, campus Bucaramanga. The methodology through design, construction and testing of a vehicle allowed students to achieve the learning of content, to develop their skills think analytically and to work effectively as part of a collaborative team, as well, self-learning and self-training. 68% of students in the process of self-assessment methodology, claimed that PBL fosters a more meaningful learning, based primarily in increased interest from them and the applicability of theorical concepts developed in the subject. The results obtained during the implementation and development of PBL methodology let us to prove that it is well adaptable to the development of modules of the engineering, specifically those that belongs to the professional basic cycle.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a theoretical model that integrates various dimensional factors which influence decision-making process of class selection and enrolment, analysing different angles of this process and explaining those factors which determine students' decision.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses quantitative design to determine and explore students' decision making in class selection and enrolment. There were 396 students who participated in this study. The data were analysed using principle component analysis to determine the dominant factor for class selection and enrolment.

Findings
The study has analysed different factors that can influence students' decision for class selection and enrolment. Five important underlying factors have been identified which includes the class and lecturer factor, time-space factor, ease and comfort factor, course mate factor and commitment factor. Moreover, the Kruskal–Wallis test shows that there is a significant mean difference in choice and selection behaviour between genders and students' personal attitudes.

Research limitations/implications
This study is an early attempt to explore the wide fields of decision making in class selection and enrolment. It is hoped that follow-up studies would provide more coverage relative to the findings of this research.

Practical implications
One particular dimension of micro decision making faced by students is class (course) selection in the beginning of every academic semester/term. Class selection is very critical decision for students as it would reflect students expected outcome for their future career directions. More importantly, the decision made by the students may also affect their academic performance throughout their study.

Social implications
From the perspective of the university's administrators, this issue is very critical for planning purposes. Understanding the students' behaviour in class selection could improve the cost effectiveness as well as the scheduling of course offering to enhance students' and instructors' teaching and learning experience.

Originality/value
While many studies try to explore the questions of what makes a student choose a specific college/university or a specific field, limited number have investigated the behaviour of students in class selection and enrolment. This paper contributes to bridging that gap.


This three-volume work is the first attempt in years to offer a comprehensive and detailed account of the stylistic, contextual, and iconographic aspects of archaic Corinthian vases. Exported throughout the Mediterranean and unearthed at numerous ancient sites, Corinthian vases are valuable for their artistic and cultural worth and for the information they provide about Corinth and the cities to which they were exported.


First of all, the paper offers a theoretical explication of the importance of
 economic innovation for a country's economic development. It further
 considers the metrics of the Global Innovation Index. By means of a box-plot
 diagram, the article explores the link between basic innovation performances
 (Global Innovation Index, Index Innovation Input and Index Innovation output)
 of the six Western Balkan countries (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
 Macedonia, Serbia, Croatia and Montenegro) and a group of six selected
 European Union economies in the neighbourhood (Austria, Greece, Bulgaria,
 Romania, Hungary and Slovenia). The aim is to identify the existence of
 extreme values between the data that reveal the key innovation performance of
 the two groups including the description of the basic characteristics of the
 performances which have been examined.


Abstract For decades, the Chinese leadership had remained content with being a continental power. The national interests and national defence were limited both in their outlook and reach. During the last decade or so the Chinese ambitions and visions have grown beyond the borders and shores. Impressive economic growth, a large merchant marine, growing shipbuilding industry and maritime trade all point to the fact that China has emerged as an important maritime power in the international system. The maritime infrastructure is being developed to support economic growth and the maritime industry has shown impressive expansion. The growing need to protect and promote maritime economics and territories has forced national planners to accord a high priority to develop a modern navy.


: In this study, the environmental water parameters have been analyzed to investigate their role in the initiation of microbial diseases among fishes under different salinities. and farms to be streptococosis, vibriosis and pseadomonad septicaemia. The common clinical signs reported were petechial hemorrhages on the body surface and base of fins and sometimes ulcer formations, erosion of fins, red lips, ascites and exophthalmia with or without eye cataract. Yersinia spp. and Aeromonas spp. were isolated from most fishes but Yersinia spp were more virulent between all pathogenic organisms and caused severe infection in fish fingerlings. The in vitro antimicrobial sensitivity showed that the oxytetracycline, cefotaxime and norfloxacian seemed to be the highly suitable antibiotics for the control and therapy of the isolated bacterial pathogens.


Objective:To analyse risk factors and pathogenic characteristics of lower respiratory tract infection under general anesthesia for elderly patients after upper abdominal surgery.Methods:The clinical data of 61 elderly patients who underwent upper abdominal surgery under general anesthesia from Jan 2008 to Dec 2009 were analyzed.Results:Of 61 cases,the postoperative lower respiratory tract infection did not occur in 44 cases and occurred in 17 cases with the infection rate of 27.9%.The isolation rate of pathogen was 58.8%(10/17) and multidrug-resistant bacteria and fungi were predominant pathogens.In 44 cases with no lower respiratory tract infection and in 17 cases with lower respiratory tract infection,the cases of tumor were 4 and 5,the cases of presence of comorbidity were 18 and 12,the cases of admiting to ICU were 2 and 6 respectively.The difference of the risk factors in two groups were statistically signicant.Conclution:Tumor,the presence of comorbidity and admiting to ICU involve the progress of lower respiratory tract infection under general anesthesia for eldly patients after upper abdominal surgery.Multidrug-resistant bacteria and fungi are predominant pathogens.


Unlike to natural organic matters (NOMs), effluent organic matters (EfOMs) are not well understood due to their complexity and heterogeneity. In this study, EfOMs from sewage and industrial wastewater treatment effluents and Suwannee River NOM (SRNOM) were isolated into hydrophobic (HPO), transphilic (TPI) and hydrophilic (HPI) fractions. Specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA) and fluorescence excitation emission matrix (FEEM) analyses were used to characterize physicochemical properties. In addition, acute toxicity and oxidative stress to Daphnia magna were evaluated to characterize toxicological properties. EfOMs showed similar properties to microbially derived organic matters having low hydrophobicity, which are totally different from SRNOM having high hydrophobicity. Moreover, acute toxicity and antioxidant enzyme activity in D. magna was largely dependent on fraction types of EfOMs. These findings suggest that EfOMs have different physicochemical and toxicological properties compared with those of NOMs, which needs to be further identified with various sources of EfOMs.


ABSTRACT The health benefits of purple sweetpotato, which is used as an edible food in its natural state and in processed foods and as a natural color pigment, have been recognized. In Japan, sweetpotato has been economically produced in regions below 36°4ʹN latitude; however, cultivation areas are beginning to expand further north. The anthocyanin and polyphenolics in three purple sweetpotatoes cultivated in different locations; I (42°92ʹN, 143°04ʹE) and II (31°72ʹN, 131°03ʹE), were compared over two years. Total anthocyanin and polyphenolic contents in purple sweetpotatoes tended to be high in location I. The anthocyanin and polyphenolic compositions differed between locations. The peonidin/cyanidin ratios were higher in location II compared with I in all varieties. The relative amount of 3,4- and 4,5-di-O-caffeoyolquinic acids were higher in location II. Their contents and composition also differed between years. These results suggest that the variability of the anthocyanin and polyphenolic content and composition was influenced by climate conditions, probably temperature during cultivation. This study indicates that northern areas in Japan are an alternative production area and may yield higher amounts of anthocyanin and polyphenolics. Graphical abstract


Santa Gertrudis bulls were assessed for sheath characteristics which may influence their performance in a serving capacity test. There was a poor relationship between sheath depth and width and the number of mounts and serves that a bull achieved. Of the traits recorded, the 'rosette' score (conformation of the umbilicus) was negatively correlated with serving ability. The mean number of effective serves was 0.9, 1.5 and 1.4 for 2yr old, 2.5 and 3yr old bulls respectively.


Summary form only given. Today, the telecommunication industry is experiencing "a nuclear winter". It is a challenging proposition right now to debate research and development (R and D) priorities for optical networking. However, even though the telecommunication market is unsettled today, we need to be ready with appropriate technological solutions to meet the growing bandwidth needs of our information society. Optical networking - using wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) - is the technology for meeting these demands. While there is a glut of dark fiber and WDM transmission capacity today, we believe that there will be a tremendous need for optical switching equipment for managing high-capacity optical signals. This talk first makes the case for the important role software plays in bringing cost-effective and intelligent optical networking to the marketplace. After providing an overview of telecommunication networks, we discuss promising R and D challenges for optical networking in access and metropolitan areas. Then, we examine the near-term R and D challenges for backbone optical networks: namely, dynamic provisioning of high-capacity connections of different bandwidths, fault management, and topology engineering. Finally, we state R and D priorities over a longer-term horizon.


Data-intensive applications are becoming increasingly popular. However, only a few of them with high volume can afford dedicated hardware acceleration (such as Neural Network Processor, or NPU) or platform-specific software implementation (such as Tensorflow running on GPU). In this paper, we propose a hardware and software transparent framework for the acceleration of general-purpose data-intensive applications. Our framework is based on a key insight that most data-intensive applications spend the vast majority of their execution time on some inner loops with abundant opportunities for Data-Level Parallelism (DLP). In particular, we propose SALAD, a static analyzer for loop acceleration by exploiting DLP in hot loops under the LLVM (LLVM compiler infrastructure) framework. In contrast to traditional DLP exploration techniques, SALAD is both software and architectural transparent, without the need to change either the source code or binary code, and does not need vectorized instruction set architecture (ISA) extensions. Instead, it directly works on the program binary code and generates a profile for DLP opportunities in the binary. This profile will be fed to the hardware accelerator transparently to speed up execution. With the experiments result, we estimate that the DLP information provided by SALAD could result in 3.6x-60.2x speedups on a set of benchmarks, depending on their inherent DLP.


Existing approaches to indoor tracking have various limitations. Location-fingerprinting approaches are labor intensive and vulnerable to environmental changes. Trilateration approaches require at least three line-of-sight beacons for coverage at any point in the service area, which results in heavy infrastructure cost. Dead reckoning (DR) approaches rely on knowledge of the initial location and suffer from tracking error accumulation. Despite this, we adopt DR for location tracking because of the recent emergence of affordable hand-held devices equipped with low-cost DR-enabling sensors. In this paper, we propose an indoor pedestrian tracking system that comprises of a DR subsystem implemented on a mobile phone and a ranging subsystem with a sparse infrastructure. A particle-filter-based fusion scheme is applied to bound the accumulated tracking error by fusing DR with sparse range measurements. Experimental results show that the proposed system is able to track users much better than DR alone. The system is robust even when: 1) the initial user location is not available; 2) range updates are noisy; and 3) range updates are intermittent, both temporally and spatially.


A physical-chemistry study of a Nafion 117 membrane is undertaken and a correlation between the transport number and current–voltage data of this cation exchange membrane is established. The current–voltage characteristics of the membrane are obtained with the voltamperometric technique, by means of two feed platinised titanium electrodes and two measuring silver–silver chloride electrodes. Previous measurements show that the membrane presents low electrical resistance and weak permselectivity towards the proton in the presence of other metallic cations. However, its chemical modification with the conducting polymer highly improves the proton conduction and gives better selectivity towards the monovalent cation (Na+) against the divalent cation (Zn2+). The effects of the co-ion (anion), charge, solvent and chemical modification are made in evidence by the current–voltage curves. As a result of its pre-concentration near the anionic layer, the divalent cation increases the value of the limiting current density. Besides, the presence of an organic solvent inside the polymeric matrix of the membrane decreases the limiting current density. Different graphical methods are applied to deduce the limiting current density and the derivative method is found to be more reliable.


Abstract. We study reals with infinitely many incompressible prefixes. Call A ∈ 2ωKolmogorov random if . where C denotes plain Kolmogorov complexity. This property was suggested by Loveland and studied by Martin-Löf. Schnorr and Solovay. We prove that 2-random reals are Kolmogorov random. Together with the converse—proved by Nies. Stephan and Terwijn [11]—this provides a natural characterization of 2-randomness in terms of plain complexity. We finish with a related characterization of 2-randomness.


The main content of this article is to introduce the application of the Legendre symbol to prove Gauss quadratic reciprocity law, part of which is not seen in the literature. Jacobi and Legendre symbols and symbols given in the calculation were compared and summarized.


We present the results of the 2009-2010 UAVSAR campaigns over boreal, temperate and tropical forests. UAVSAR is a new L-band fully polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (inSAR) capable of repeat pass interferometry (Figure 1)[1]. Our objective is to estimate vegetation 3D structure and biomass using polarimetric backscatter, repeat-pass inSAR, lidar and ancillary data (e.g. land cover maps, climate and weather data). The campaign was designed to inform the upcoming NASA's DESDynI mission [2] which involves a lidar and radar sensor. Data was collected over temperate forests of New Hampshire, Maine and California, boreal forests of Québec (Figure 2) and tropical forests of Costa Rica. The radar swath is 20km and data collection ran between 100 and 185km long. Each site was chosen to cover at least one National Park and an experimental forest, providing pristine and managed forests with a wealth of historical data. During the UAVSAR campaign, we also collected airborne lidar data using LVIS (Laser Vegetation Imaging System)[3] in addition to field (tree height, Diameter at Breast Height (DBH), crown size and species composition) and weather data (precipitation and wind).


Objective To investigate the changes of tear film after phacoemulsification in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods Fifty cases 80 eyes,group A with diabetic cataract and 108 cases 158 eyes,group B with age-related cataract underwent phacoemulsification were chose From April,2006 to October,2006.Corneal sensitivity,corneal fluoresceinFl staining,break-up timeBUTof tear film,and Schirmer I test SIt value were analyzed and compared between two groups preoperatively and 7 days,30 days,90 days postoperatively.Results Before the operation,the assessment of corneal sensitivity,BUT and SIt of group A was less,but the Fl was moreP0.05.There was no significantly difference between two groups subjective complains of dry eyeP0.05.Compared with preoperation,the complains of dry eye,SIt and Fl of both two groups increased,but corneal sensitivity and BUT of both two groups decreased at 7 days postoperativelyP0.01.Compared 30 days postoperatively with preoperation,in group A,the subjective complains of dry eye deteriorated,corneal sensitivity decreased,BUT reducesd significantlyP0.05,both Fl and SIt had no differenceP0.05;there was no significant difference in subjective complains of dry eye,Fl and SIt of group BP0.05;but the subjective complains of dry eye deteriorated and BUT reduced significantlyP0.05.Compared 90 days postoperatively with preoperation,both two groups had no significant difference of the subjective complains of dry eye,assessment of corneal sensitivity,Fl,BUT and SItP0.05.Conclusion Type 2 diabetic cataract patients have tear film dysfunction and are susceptible to dry eye.The tear film stability of diabetic cataract reduce significantly at early stage after phacoemulsification and recover much slowly.


Under iron‐deficient conditions, the Gram‐negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15692 secretes a peptidic siderophore, pyoverdin PaA, composed of an aromatic chromophore derived from 2,3‐diamino‐6,7‐dihydroxyquinoline and a partially cyclized octapeptide, D‐Ser–L‐Arg–D‐Ser–L‐FoOHOrn–(L‐Lys–L‐FoOHOrn–L‐Thr–L‐Thr) (FoOHOrn: δN‐formyl‐δN‐hydroxyornithine), in which the C‐terminal carboxyl group forms a peptidic bond with the primary amine of the L‐Lys side chain. Ferric iron is chelated by the catechol group on the chromophore and the two hydroxyornithine side chains. In aqueous solution, the 1H‐NMR spectrum of pyoverdin PaA–Ga(III), in which Ga(III) is used instead of Fe(III) for spectroscopic purposes, showed clear evidence of exchange broadening, preventing further structural characterization. The use of cryo‐solvents allowed measurements to be made at temperatures as low as 253 K where two distinct conformations with roughly equivalent populations could be observed. 13C and 15N labeling of pyoverdin PaA enabled complete assignment of both forms of pyoverdin PaA–Ga(III) at 253 and 267 K, using triple‐resonance multidimensional NMR experiments commonly applied to doubly labeled proteins. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 79: 139–149, 2005


of unavailable, inaccessible, incompatible examined and deliberated on by various national with a focus on technical issues and possible organizational changes that might alleviate the problem. The OTA study differs from these previous approaches in that it aims to identify aspects of the problem that can be addressed by legislative action and to define some criteria by which Congress can move toward a national health data policy. The study is organized in three parts. The first is an examination of a sample of current data-collection and reporting systems and their use; the sample was drawn from 18 federal programs, three categories of state programs, and five private organizations. The second part is an analysis, based on extensive interviews, of the needs, problems, and perspectives of data producers and data users; the third is an examination of relevant congressional authorization's and appropriations. Preliminary findings indicate that there is a plethora of uncoordinated and expensive health data systems; that these arose as a result of the current practices of Congress and the health industry, primarily the practice of considering health data and statistical programs as ad hoc elements of separate categorical programs, and that there are some specific underlying issues that can be resolved by congressional action and the cooperation of the health industry.


An N-level quantum model is proposed in which the energies are represented by an N-plet of zeros of a suitable classical orthogonal polynomial. The family of Gegenbauer polynomials G(n,a,x) is selected for illustrative purposes. The main obstacle lies in the non-Hermiticity (aka crypto-Hermiticity) of Hamiltonians H{ne}H{sup {dagger}.} We managed to (i) start from elementary secular equation G(N,a,E{sub n})=0, (ii) keep our H, in the nearest-neighbor-interaction spirit, tridiagonal, (iii) render it Hermitian in an ad hoc, nonunique Hilbert space endowed with metric {Theta}{ne}I, (iv) construct eligible metrics in closed forms ordered by increasing nondiagonality, and (v) interpret the model as a smeared N-site lattice.


Social contract theory is one of the most famous cultural heritages in historic thought of world,the propertied class that is placed in the revolution period has ever been regarded as evangel book.In"the social contract theory",Rousseau put forward many innovation and revolution standpoints.


Biodiesel has become more attractive recently because of its environmental benefits and the fact that it is made from renewable resources. The world is getting modernized and industrialized day by day. As a result vehicles and engines are increasing. But energy sources used in these engines are limited and decreasing gradually. This situation leads to seek an alternative fuel for diesel engine. Biodiesel is an alternative fuel for diesel engine. The esters of vegetables oil animal fats are known as Biodiesel. This paper discussed about the prospect of making of biodiesel from Algae oil. Algae are generally microscopic organisms, are generally thought of as simple aquatic plants which do not have roots, stems or leave and have primitive methods of reproduction. Aquatic algae are found in both fresh and marine waters. They range in size from large kelp (meters in length) to those visible only under a microscope. Algae vary considerably in size, shape, and growth form. The Algae contain 2-65% oil with different species. In this study the oil has been converted to biodiesel by the well-known transesterification process and used it to diesel engine for performance evaluation.


Curvature criterion and the dynamics of a rolling elastic cylinder, C.M. Arizmendi et al surharmonic solutions of the Hamiltonian systems in the plane, H.E. Cabral the spring-pendulum system and the Riemann equation, R.C. Churchill et al resonant quasimodes of a 3-dimensional anharmonic oscillator, S.Y. Dobrokhotov et al billiard that share a triangular caustic, E. Gutkin and O'Knill qualative behaviour of the flow of the n-body problem in the zero energy level, J. Llibre and J. Waldvogel postulates of Hamiltonian geometrical optics in isotropic and anstropic media, A.L. Rivera et al spectral stabilty of relative equilibria in the n+1 body problem, O.S. Schmidt.


Passion fruit is a kind of newly developing perennial tropical liana fruits. Varieties of Passion fruit(Passiflora edulis Sims) and Yellow Passion(P. edulis f. flavicarpa Degener)from Guangdong Province are experimentally planted in Jishou region of Hunan province.The biology, phenophase, hand pollination, yield, cold-resistance and nutrient elements are preliminary studied. The first year's cultivation shows that Passion fruit can adapt itself to the local environments and bear fruits in the current year with higher yield and better processing quality, but it can't live through winter naturally. Aided with frostbite preventive measures, Passion fruit can be extended to certain areas in Jishou and other regions in Hunan province.


This article presents an approach to investigate the variation propagation of machine tools due to the geometric errors produced in assembly process and determine a pre-adjustment method in assembly design stage. At the beginning, a state-space model was used to describe the variation propagation in machine tool assembly process. Subsequently, a finite element analysis consistent with a selected assembly sequence was conducted, including the components in their unassembled state which is always ignored in the existing study. A horizontal machine center was taken as an example to clarify the proposed method. The guide rail deformations in normal direction were defined to obtain the joint kinematic errors in each assembly station. Based on this, an analysis calculation is formulated to determine the total deviation in assembly and then the adjustment before assembling was identified to reduce the assembly errors. The method has strong feasibility and practicality, and when this method is adopted, the static deformation error produced in assembly process would be decreased obviously and can effectively improve the precision of machine tools assembly. The proposed method was eventually applied to the assembly of a horizontal machine center, and the final evaluation of accuracy in our experiments can meet the requirements well.


A technique for intracardiac recording of monophasic action potentials has been developed and some results are presented. The method appears to provide the requirements for extended studies of excitation, rhythmicity and impulse propagation in the heart in situ in both man and lower animals, and gives recordings which can be correlated in time with the conventionally recorded electrocardiogram. The method allows recording of the electrical activity in subendocardially situated atrial and ventricular muscle as well as in subendocardially situated parts of the conducting system; with further development of this method it should be possible to study changes in the amplitude, form and duration of the action potential.


An integrated device or component for the semiconductor industry is highly desirable for versatile advanced applications. Group IV semiconductors such as germanium (Ge) and silicon (Si) are unique materials of widespread technological applications, particularly in the field of microelectronic devices and optoelectronic components. Herein, Pd/Ge bilayer films with interesting Ge clusters, which have noninteger dimensions and are called fractals, were successfully prepared by high-vacuum thermal evaporation techniques. It was found that Ge nanocrystals embedded in Pd matrix showed fascinating fractal morphologies with average size of fractal clusters at 680 nm and fractal dimension at 1.708 when the films were annealed at 350 °C for 30 min. The fractal clusters consisted of Ge nanocrystals with diameters ranging from 25 to 55 nm. Third-order optical nonlinearities of the annealed Pd/Ge bilayer films were investigated in detail by Z-scan techniques using a femtosecond laser. Experimental results indicated th...


High strength steel is so sensitive to environment that it is liable to corrode in air. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the influence on fatigue crack propagation of high strength steel in air. In fact, the experiments in the past showed that the influence of moisture in air appeared as acceleration effect of da/dN. However, there are a large number of unknown factors about the details of the subject. In order to investigate the influencing factors of high strength steels on fatigue crack propagation characteristics at the stage 2, the fatigue crack propagation tests and SEM observations of fracture surface were carried out under the stress ratio R of 0.1 in air and dry air.The results obtained are: (1) The acceleration of da/dN by moisture in air is dependent upon the static mechanical properties and the length of stage 2b area. And the acceleration is due to the appearance of intergranular fracture due to hydrogen induced cracking. (2) The acceleration effect differs with the difference of frequency as a result of quasi-cleavage of fracture due to hydrogen induced cracking. (3) The acceleration of da/dN decreases with an increase in pre-austenite grain size.


This paper describes the design and realization of a single-chip, 5V supply linear power amplifier for the 3GPP Long-Term Evolution (LTE) applications in the 700 MHz band. When tested using a 10MHz modulation bandwidth OFDMA signal with 64-QAM modulation, the amplifier achieves 29dBm power with less than 2.5% EVM at efficiencies above 21% across the downlink band. Nominal gain is 33dB. Also included on-chip is a CMOS-compatible pin for 15dB attenuation gain control and a buffered RF detector. The amplifier is capable of less than 15uA leakage current in OFF mode. Low-supply voltage operation with a 3.3V supply is also possible with 25.5dBm of linear output power. The amplifier is fabricated using a proprietary 0.25um Emode pHEMT technology and is housed in a 5mm × 5mm QFN plastic package.