PERMIAN NORTH OF THE HOLY CROSS MTS (CENTRAL POLAND)

Summary
The Holy Cross Shelf distinguished on the SE border of the Central Polish Basin (31) is tectonic in character. It is framed by dislocations: the Pilica River in the west, the Nowe Miasto - Przytyk - Ilza in the northeast. The scarp has developed along the Tomaszow Maz. - Nowe Miasto - Grojec one in the north. Prior to the Zechstein transgression a flood plain existed on its north downthrown wing (Fig. 1). The Holy Cross upland crossed by paleovalleys has undergone denudation which resulted in a stratigraphic gap embracing at least the whole Rotliegendes. The Zechstein Sea expansion was strongest in the PZ1 and PZ3 cycles and definitely weaker in the PZ2 and PZ4 ones. The structures that existed on the shelf have undergone evolution which is expressed 'by lithofacial changes (Figs. 4 - 8). The early Buntsandstein deposition was preceded by a period of denudation. Reinterpretation of the profiles and revision of correlation of the Zechstein deposition cycles has been done as well in comparison with adjacent areas (Figs. 2 i 3).


Mashed carrot and papaya was incorporated in the chicken broath for preparation of chicken soup and a standard formulation was developed which was evaluated for physicochemical, microbiological and sensory parameters. Chicken soup formulated with carrot (T1) revealed significantly higher (P<0.05) appearance, flavour and overall acceptability than chicken soup with papaya (T2) and control (C). Soup incorporated with mashed carrot also recorded superior physicochemical properties viz. pH and TBA and significantly lower (P<0.05) microbial load than soup added with papaya and control. These results showed that incorporation of mashed carrot and papaya in soup formulation can improve the chicken soup quality, acceptability and was found healthier for consumers.


The hyperemic response induced by the tri-iodinated contrast agent injection for coronarography assesses functional value of the arteriolar areas of coronary distribution. The intracoronary injection of two kinds of micropheres labeled with gamma emitter radionuclides of different levels of energy (99m-Technetium and 113m-Indium) provides comparison of the studied areas-scintigraphies at rest and during hyperemia.


"I was wondering if you needed some work done. Heard in town that you were sick and could use help." "Now who told you that?" Gertie said. "Was it Bud at the gas station or Homer at the grocery?" "Homer. That's who said it," the woman replied. "I see that your lawn needs mowing. Show me your mower and we'll get right on it." Before Gertie even had a chance to say no, this woman was walking back to the shed behind Gertie's brick house and opening the door. She called to the youngest girl, "Ruby, you keep out of the way." She took out the mower and pulled the cord a few times and it started. She began mowing, slowly, because the grass was so thick. The oldest two girls found Gertie's rakes and were raking up the grass and carrying it to the grove in back. No one ever mowed the grove of walnuts and oaks. Ruby found the porch swing and sat on it and looked around. Gertie walked over and gave her a small push. The girl jumped off like she was scared. Gertie said, "No, you stay on. Just want to show you that it moves back and forth."


Background

Aging is a very pressing global situation, and with it comes the issue of care for the elderly. The objectives of this study were: ⑴ to understand the elders' intention for care in Henan, China, and ⑵ to explore the association of intention based on Andersen's Behavioral Model.
Methods

With multi-stage stratified cluster sampling, base on Andersen's Behavioral Model, from the predisposing factors, enabling factor, and demand factor studying the influence factors of the elderly's intention.
Results

Home-based care is the main choice for the elderly, followed by institutional care, and finally community care. Enabling factors to have the greatest influence in this study. Factors influencing aged intention included: living status and total net monthly household income (enabling factors) and disability, life abilities objectively (need factors).
Conclusions

Home-based care for the aged is the main intention in Henan province. Marital status, living style, and income all have a relatively large impact on their old-age willingness. Old people with different physical conditions should provide different services so that they can have a comfortable life in old age.


This paper presents new empirical correlations that have been developed for sizing adiabatic capillary tubes used in small vapor compression refrigeration and air-conditioning systems. A numerical model which is based on the basic equations of conservation of mass, momentum and energy was developed. Colebrook's formulation was used to determine the single phase friction factor. The two-phase viscosity models - Cicchitti et al., Dukler et al. and McAdam et al. were used based on the recommendation from literature to determine the two-phase viscosity factor. The developed numerical model was validated using the experimental data from literature. The numerical model was used to study the effects of relevant parameters on capillary tube length and the results showed that the length of capillary tube increase with increase in condensing temperature, subcooling, and inner diameter of tube but decrease with increase in surface roughness and mass flow rate. Thereafter, empirical correlation of the capillary tube length with the five dependent variables was presented. The empirical models are validated using experimental data from literature. Different from the previous studies, the empirical models have a large set of refrigerants and wide operating conditions. The developed correlation can be used as an effective tool for sizing adiabatic capillary tube with system models working with alternative refrigerants.


In this book chapter are described different types of vascular access for hemodialysis, its forms, indications, placement and complications. The chapter is dedicated to health care professionals dealing with chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment.


Olfactory receptors comprise the largest multigene family of G protein-coupled receptors in organisms ranging from fish to primates and are the detectors of thousands of odorant molecules. As they are crucial elements for odor recognition, much effort was put into the analysis of how olfactory receptor neurons express olfactory receptor genes and how odorant information is encoded by the receptor proteins. It is nowadays expected that each olfactory receptor neuron expresses only a single odorant receptor gene and that each receptor can be activated by multiple stimuli. According to this, a combinatorial code for odor detection was proposed to explain peripheral coding of odorant stimuli in the olfactory system. However, some mostly recent studies point towards a revision of this scheme, especially with regard to the one receptor-one neuron hypothesis. Consequently, this thesis aims to investigate this discrepancy. In order to answer whether a single or multiple olfactory receptors are expressed in single olfactory receptor neurons of Xenopus larvae, a single cell reverse transcription PCR protocol was developed. The obtained data propose, that, at least during the developmental phase of Xenopus, a subset of olfactory receptor neurons exists exhibiting oligogenic expression of olfactory receptors. In addition to this straight expression assay, ligand-sensitivities of olfactory receptors were characterized. In order to retrospectively identify receptors that recognize a particular odorant of interest, an assay was established that combined Ca2+ imaging and single cell reverse transcription PCR. Expressed transcripts of olfactory receptor genes were thereby amplified from those olfactory neurons that showed odorant responsiveness to certain amino acids. This functional strategy led to the finding of one candidate receptor that may be sensitive to these stimuli.


Bachelor Thesis "Teaching of modelling and animating in program Blender3D" focuses on working with 3D scene objects and animating in this program. Educational interactive course will be used to lezen basic and advanced skills in program Blender.


IntroductionSocial distancing measures were introduced in Ireland to address COVID-19 in March 2020. Strategies to continue Cardiology outpatient services needed to balance patient safety with the need for high quality follow-up care. Therefore, virtual consultations (via phone or video call) were implemented as temporary alternatives to in-person clinics.Objectives and MethodologyWe aimed to identify inefficiencies in physical outpatient services at Beaumont Hospital in comparison with virtual consultations. In face-to-face visits, a patient's average time outside the physician's examination room was 39 minutes (range 12-110 minutes). Increased delays occurred if investigations were awaited. The average face-to-face consultation lasted 24 minutes. Next, an analysis was performed on 100 consecutive patients' virtual consultation experiences. Electronic survey responses were collected from stakeholders including patients, physicians, nurses, and clerical staff relating to these virtual visits.Results81% of outpatient consultations were delivered virtually from July to December 2021, with an average duration of 19 minutes. Patient volume was increased (5 additional patients per week per clinic) with a reduced waiting time for routine attendance. Criteria for outpatient re-attendance was regularly reviewed, with discharge facilitated at the second or third visit if clinically indicated. 89% of visits were supported by communications technology (smartphone or internet access) and 94% had access to a private location. 76% of patients reported that they were able to access their appointment without limitations in comparison to in-person consultations, although some reported a decreased personal connection with their physician. Satisfaction scores reflected this positive outlook (90/100 for patients and 75/100 for physicians), although patients reported that they would prefer virtual consultations less than 50% of the time outside the pandemic. Information was collected from patients on what aspects could be improved on the virtual service.Conclusion and ImplicationsVirtual clinics could be increasingly implemented in modern Cardiology. Telemedicine could provide a high-quality service with reduced cost and increased accessibility, particularly for patients in rural areas. In addition, virtual care at scale could allow in-person visits to be prioritised for patients who would truly benefit from their use, while reducing the risk of transmissible infections including COVID-19 and others.


The performance of a slope, such as surviving a certain groundwater condition, can be viewed as the outcome of a full-scale test performed directly on the slope and may provide valuable information for safety assessment, upgrading analysis, and repair design of the slope. Performance information can be divided into two types: (1) the slope survived a certain state, and (2) the slope failed at a certain state. This paper illustrates two methods for slope reliability analysis considering site-specific performance information, i.e., an indirect method based on back-analysis of the performance information, and a direct method, in which the back-analysis procedure is bypassed. The two methods are theoretically the same but different in implementation details. As examples, an existing slope for safety assessment and a failed slope to be repaired are studied in this paper. Considering the past survival information increases the reliability of the slope. The increase in reliability is larger if the slope survives a more critical state. Thus, ignoring the survival information may result in uneconomical decisions. In contrast, ignoring the failure information may either underestimate or overestimate the reliability of a slope. As a result, neglecting the past failure information may lead to unsafe or uneconomical decisions.


Introduction In summer of 2007 the Climate Leadership Initiative (CLI) at the University of Oregon surveyed municipal water providers serving populations of over 4,500 people located within snow-transient basins in Oregon about their preparedness for the potential effects of climate change. Prior to the survey, maps were produced for CLI identifying low elevation watersheds in the state where slight temperature increases were likely to turn snow into rain, thus reducing snowpack and causing earlier snowmelt. Municipal water supplies in these "snow-transient basins" could experience changes to their water supply regimes if storage systems were not situated in locations capable of capturing rain runoff or if snowmelt occurring earlier in the year.


The DCF(Description Comes First) method can generate document clustering description.A method based on combination strategy,i.e.combination of the DCF and DCL(Description Comes Last) is proposed to solve the problem of the weak readability of clustering description in this paper.Experimental results show that the method is effective,and the method is used to describe the search result clustering.


This study used questionnaires and interviews to discover senior secondary students' perceptions of their drama class experiences in three different schools from an Ontario public board of education. Questionnaire results from entire classes supported interview results from four students in each class. No notable differences in student perceptions emerged, either between boys and girls, or among the three schools. Findings uncovered student attitudes about scholastic motivation, retention, and success that might be applicable across subject areas. For example, they enjoyed opportunities for physical mobility, peer interaction, and self-expression. They praised authentic, challenging, and relevant learning tasks that culminated in displays for audiences beyond their own classrooms. More than subject content, students valued drama class as a vehicle for enduring personal and social growth.


A periodic Dielectric Frequency-Selective Surface (DFSS) is studied under 3D plane-wave incidence, whose unit cell in the periodic direction is composed of a dielectric grating and a homogeneous dielectric layer. The structure is excited by a linearly polarized plane-wave. The procedure for computing the Brillouin diagram of the structure under 2D plane-wave incidence with TE or TM polarization was already described by the authors, and the extension to the 3D incidence case has been performed in a similar way. Following the same formalism, it has been obtained the Generalized Scattering Matrix (GSM) of one period of the infinite periodic lattice. This requires the knowledge of the modal spectrum in both homogeneous and periodic dielectric media. To this end, a numerical technique based on a vectorial modal method originally proposed by the authors has been used. Once the S matrix of one period of the periodic medium is computed, the corresponding generalized ABCD matrix of the unit cell can be easily derived, which provides a standard multimodal eigenvalue matrix problem whose solution yields the transverse field distributions and the modal propagation constants in the periodic lattice. In the 3D incidence case, a given number of modes considered in the construction of the ABCD matrix yields the dispersion diagram of TE and TM modes simultaneously. The identification of the modes can be easily performed through the comparison of their dispersion diagram with the reflectance spectra of the structure under a given incidence polarization (TE or TM). Finally, some numerical result effects, varying the incidence direction of the exciting plane-wave in the dispersion diagram of an Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) material, are shown.


The present invention relates to a radiation detection apparatus, a method of controlling the same, and a radiation camera shooting device. The radiation detection apparatus detects radiation and generates irradiation sensing information corresponding to a dose of detected radiation, senses whether radiation emitted from a radiation generator is detected, based on the generated irradiation sensing information, and receives a control signal from a controller. The apparatus switches detectability for detection of the radiation based on a control signal received from the controller.


Alan Shandro's Lenin and the Logic of Hegemony is an original and powerful exploration of the philosophical underpinnings of Lenin's politics. Against both mainstream dismissals of Lenin's supposed elitism and minority attempts to reduce him to the status of a talented Second International Marxist, Shandro powerfully reasserts the claim that the Leninist moment was the point at which Marxist politics finally came of age. If Shandro can be faulted for his tendency to dismiss other contemporaneous contributions to the renewal of Marxism, his book nonetheless shows that Lenin's understanding of the struggle for hegemony was both a pivotal moment in this process that remains an indispensable contribution to Marxism. Shandro shows that Lenin asked a fundamental political question: how are we as socialists to intervene in concrete political movements without succumbing to the hegemony of bourgeois ideology on the one hand or retreating into sectarianism on the other. He persuasively argues that the left still has much to learn from Lenin.


Background. The chronicity of the wound is a factor leading to a greater number of postoperative complications when performing plastic closure of wound defects and requires the use of special methods of preoperative preparation. In clinical practice, it is important to use precise clinical and morphological criteria to assess the activity of the inflammatory response and the degree of impairment of the proliferative phase of the reparative process. Aim. To determine the features of clinical parameters of the local status of wound defects and their correspondence to morphological criteria in patients with acute and chronic wounds of various genesis. Material and Methods. Clinical signs of acute and chronic wounds in 26 patients with different types and duration of integumentary tissue defects were described. In a hospital setting, a morphological study of the biopsy specimens from wounds and surrounding tissues was performed to identify histological signs of chronic wound healing. The correspondence between clinical and morphological signs of acute and chronic wounds was analyzed. Results. The initial study of the local status of wound defects did not reveal significant differences in the clinical signs of acute and chronic wounds. Histological examination of the wound biopsy specimens revealed morphological signs of chronic wound healing. Conclusion. Evaluation of clinical signs of the local wound status is necessary to identify the dynamics of wound parameters during treatment. Histological examination of wound biopsy specimens makes it possible to more reliably identify signs of chronicity of the wound.


The safety of animal derived food has been at the forefront of societal concerns in recent years. In this paper, we stress major animal derived food issues and challenges including microbial pathogens, food additives and chemical residues. In addition, the countermeasures to animal derived food issues including animal health and welfare, animal identification and traceability, antimicrobial interventions, new processes and technologies in the processing and preservation of animal derived food products, and Risk assessment are discussed.


In the work we explicitly solve the spectral problems for curl, gradientdivergence, and Stokes operators in a ball B of radius R. The eigenfunctions uκ of the curl associated with non-zero eigenvalues ±λκ are expressed by explicit formulas, as well as the vector-functions qκ associated with the zero eigenvalue, rotuκ = ±λκ uκ , ψn(±λκR) = 0, n · uκ |S = 0; rotqκ = 0, n · qκ|S = 0, where ψn(z) = (−z) ( d zdz )n sin z z , κ = (n,m, k), n ≥ 0, m ∈ N, |k| 6 n The same vector-functions are the eigenfunctions for the gradient-divergence operator with other eigenvalues, ∇ divuκ = 0; ∇ divqκ = μκqκ, μκ = (αn,m/R), ψ′ n(αn,m) = 0. The constructed system of vector eigenfunctions is complete and orthogonal in space L2(B). The eigenfunctions (vκ, pκ) of the Stokes operator in the ball are represented as a sum of two eigenfunctions of the curl associated with opposite eigenvalues: vκ = u + κ + u − κ , pκ = const.


The consumption of energy resources has significantly increased in over the years. One of the sectors where this increase has been most notorious is in the domestic sector. Given the environmental and economic costs that this tendency brings with it, it has become necessary to reduce energy consumption. The aim of this study is to find which factors most influence the behaviour of individuals in relation to energy saving. At the same time, an attempt is also made to understand whether advertising campaigns seeking to raise awareness about the need to save energy resources exert any influence over behaviour. The results show that advertising campaigns are highlighted by individuals in general as a good way of raising awareness about the need to save energy resources, even though they do not point to this as the factor that most influences their energy saving behaviour. Key-Words: environment, energy saving, green marketing, consumer behavior, communication


The superficial digital flexor tendonitis (SDFT) is an important cause of lameness in horses with incidence from 13 to 30% depending of the exercise modality. This injury can occur in yearlings and compromise its carrier by reinjury or even the impossibility of return to athletic life. Although long periods of rest are necessary to tendon repair, there is an elasticity loss in the tendon. As current treatment regimes have only marginal effects there is interest in researching therapies that influence the quality or the duration of tendon repair. Intralesional therapy with growth factors (TGFβ1 e IGF-1) and radial shock wave therapy have been presenting promising results. Recently, medical interest has been directed to the stem cells therapy of degenerative diseases and cases of deficient healing process. This study aims to evaluate the influence of autologous mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow in tendon healing, comparing treated and none treated tendons. Induced collagen lesions were in both forelimbs TFDS from six horses, followed by autologous implant in one forelimb from each animal. The horses were evaluated by clinical, ultrasonographic, histophatologic and imunohistochemistry parameters. Tendon biopsies were done at day 48. Results such as high inflammation cells infiltration and synthesis of extracellular matrix, few necrosis areas, discrete increase in cellular proliferation (Ki-67) and low immunoreactivity to TGFβ1 found in treatment group suggested the acceleration of tendon repair in this group. Further studies should be developed in order to verify the influence of this treatment on later phase of tendon repair. Overall, after analysis of results, we conclude that cellular therapy with mesenchymal stem cells have accelerate tendon repair at 48 days after treatment. Key word: stem cell, mesenchymal cells, bone marrow, tendonitis, equine.


In order to solve a problem that an existing hollow structural coaxial cable is liable to deform and be damaged so that phase consistency in a signal transmission process is affected. The utility model provides a low loss coaxial cable which comprises, from inside to outside in turn, an internal conductor, an insulating layer, a shielding layer and an external sheath. The insulating layer is internally provided with multiple drop mesopores which extend along the axis direction of the coaxial cable. The section profile of the drop mesopores is composed of an external arc segment, an internal arc segment, and a radial segment which is arranged between the external arc segment and the internal arc segment. The internal arc segment is an arc which recesses towards the direction of the internal conductor. With the application of the scheme, a dielectric constant of the insulating layer can be greatly lowered, insertion loss of the cable can be lowered, transmission rate and reliability of a radio frequency signal are enhanced, and phase consistency of signal transmission is obviously improved simultaneously.


Abstract The addition of Dicumarol to the therapeutic regimen of patients with acute myocardial infarction suggested the investigation of the effects of the drug on the electrocardiogram. The subjects of this study, forty-eight patients with and without heart disease and with a wide variety of electrocardiographic patterns, were maintained for a period on adequate doses of Dicumarol. Serial electrocardiograms taken during this period were analyzed. No significant electrocardiographic deviation attributable to Dicumarol was observed in any of the subjects.


Abstract Sequential head and shoulder movements occurring during age-regression to the birth process are valuable indicators of validity for the subsequent verbal reporting. It is unlikely that hypnotized subjects will know the mechanisms of vaginal delivery. Criteria in further assessing factual nature of reporting involve acceptance only when physiological and ideomotor responses occur before the subject is able to know what is reflected at these deeper levels of awareness.


Jamie Clayton, operations director, Freeman Technology describes what particle and bulk powder properties need to be measured in order to successfully differentiate alternative supplies for laser metal deposition.


We have discovered that the Fornax irregular galaxy NGC1427A is in very many respects a twin of the Large Mag- ellanic Cloud. Based on B, V , I, and H images, we nd the following. The light of the galaxy is dominated by high sur- face brightness regions in the south-west that are superimposed by a half-ring of OB associations and Hii regions indicating recent star formation. The colors of the main stellar body are (V I )=0 :8 mag and (B V )=0 :4 mag, comparable to the LMC colors. A low surface brightness cloud north of the main body as well as a LSB tail in the west have colors (V I ' 0:2 mag) that are more typical for blue compact dwarf galaxies. We identied a system of cluster candidates with mean ages 2 Gyr (assuming a LMC metallicity) comprising the richest clus- ter system in an irregular galaxy observed up to now outside the Local Group. In X-ray wavelengths NGC1427A appears with a relatively soft and complex spectrum.


Two case histories including one autopsy are presented here of children with such a similar and unusual course of disease that it appears to be a syndrome. These two children are unrelated, and both have been patients at the State School for Cerebral Palsied Children, Southern California. The older child, who recently died as a result of his disease at the age of 123/4 years, had been under close observation since 41/2 years of age. A third case is also included which was originally described by Madame Louis-Bar in the Swiss literature in 1941. 1 We believe that her case may be the first description of this syndrome in the medical literature. The major features of the syndrome are slowly progressive ataxia, progressive symmetrical scleral-cutaneous telangiectasia, and increasing chronic and recurrent lung infections. Report of Cases Case1.—A Caucasian boy was first referred to the State School for Cerebral


Objects and things are in the public domain. The British Museum's 'A History of the World in  Objects' visibly celebrates objects with offshoot BBC programs and in Australia, 'Restoration Australia' and 'Who do you think you are?' Among the Millennials'bespoke' is now a common term and magazines such as 'Frankie' feature independent makers and a diverse range of cultural forms and practices. Simultaneously object based learning, examining the links between objects, people and society, is being revisited in high schools and Australian Universities. Underpinning these trends are the theoretical approaches of Ajun Appadurai (), Igor Klopytoff () and Alfred Gell (), to name a few, where the social life and biographies of objects communicate their relative meanings over time. It is their materiality and the 'ongoing oscillations in objects that mark material relations between people, things, and broader identities' (Spyer, in Milgram & Hamilton ). These views are focussing popular attention back onto objects, their making and trajectories. Objects are central to cultural materials conservation. We assign values and levels of significance to objects, manage change, physically interact with them and closely read objects to broker new knowledge. There have been some recent good public examples of object interactions and conservation in Australian institutions; however we are still not as present as we could be in this space. It is not as if we do not know objects. We have a specific set of analytics to build knowledge and interdisciplinary ways to closely study them. Further conservators 'hold a privileged and potentially powerful position through their relationship with objects that represent communal property with attested collective value' (Saunders ). But maybe our contribution to the field is less visible, and we do not have an immediate public presence as mainly institutionally based professionals. Sloggett aptly states that 'conservation needs to be integrated into broader societal agendas...' and 'that such integration is critical for the survival of the profession' (, p. ). In this volume we can examine these concepts, objects, things and the presence of cultural materials conservation. Sloggett's paper A National Conservation Policy for a New Millennium – Building opportunity, extending capacity and securing integration in cultural materials conservation, argues for a new national policy that recognises collections outside institutional frameworks to 'be subject to new forms of research' and 'the next iteration of a nation's cultural record'. This paper highlights major gaps in Australia's cultural record and objects that represent pluralistic narratives and biographies. The paper is solid in its argument and creates a 'political will' for the profession to consider and step outside its conventional boundaries for increased engagement. Relatedly Sam Hamilton and Steaphan Paton's paper Boorun's canoe focusses on the role of conservation in indigenous communities, specifically the Gunai/Kurnai people of Gippsland, where the process of making has a greater focus than the long term preservation of the object. The paper reiterates Gell's views () where the agency and action of artistic creativity is of greater value as well as intergenerational knowledge transfer. It also reconsiders Museum Victoria's protocols for community engagement and the social and mediatory role of objects in the way we work. Eliza O'Donnell, Nicole Tse and Amerrudin Ahmad's paper on Singapore artist Georgette Chen maps object timelines from an artist's centred perspective and interrogates her material choices as a reflection of place. This plays an important role in Chen's identity as an artist and how her paintings supported 'the performance of identity and development of socio-cultural behaviours' (Saunders ). Similarly Céline de Courlon, Simon Ives and Paula Dredge's Fields of colour: the conservation of matt, synthetic paintings by Michael Johnson, develops object timelines as vessels of knowledge to test material assumptions and 'indicate[d] a more widespread use of PVA's in Australia than has previously been thought'. Further Michael Johnson's willing engagement in conservation decisions show that institutions are working successfully outside conventional frameworks and have greater presence in communities of artistic practice. Positive interactions are also detailed in Amanda Pagliarino and Michael Marendy's paper on Ron Mueck in bed () – a contemporary textile challenge. The collective role of conservators, artists, makers and fabricators is demonstrated and how objects evolve according to the current needs and social uses. In this case, the duvet was reproduced with an emphasis on 'duplication in form, fit and presentation' rather than a fixed idea of the originality. Our other authors in volume . consider the active role of conservation treatment methods and how they evolve and alter the trajectory of object biographies. Susie Collis's Revisiting conservation treatment methodologies for waterlogged archaeological wood: an Australian context; Lucy Willet and Mick Newnham


The SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 13 (nsp13) helicase is an essential enzyme for viral replication and has been identified as an attractive target for the development of new antiviral drugs. In detail, the helicase catalyzes the unwinding of double-stranded DNA or RNA in a 5′ to 3′ direction and acts in concert with the replication–transcription complex (nsp7/nsp8/nsp12). In this work, bioinformatics and computational tools allowed us to perform a detailed conservation analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 helicase genome and to further predict the druggable enzyme's binding pockets. Thus, a structure-based virtual screening was used to identify valuable compounds that are capable of recognizing multiple nsp13 pockets. Starting from a database of around 4000 drugs already approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), we chose 14 shared compounds capable of recognizing three out of four sites. Finally, by means of visual inspection analysis and based on their commercial availability, five promising compounds were submitted to in vitro assays. Among them, PF-03715455 was able to block both the unwinding and NTPase activities of nsp13 in a micromolar range.


The most harmful tipologies of organized crime demonstrations, represent a direct threat to democracy and the rule of law; undermine the development of state and society, in terms of exercise of rights and public freedoms. Faced with this reality, security agencies of states and supranational organisations, have deployed many tools of various kinds for containment and eradication for this phenomena. Of all these, the criminal intelligence stands out for its potential, not yet conveniently exploded. Discipline that has found a natural ally in criminology studies to deepen the understanding of phenomenology and etiology of organized crime, such as shared object of analysis.


This study aims to determine the inclusion of Hindu religious inclusive attitudes in SMA Dwijendra Denpasar. Practices of violence in the name of religion, and fundamentalists, radicalism, until terrorism, lately increasingly prevalent in the country. Therefore inclusive diversity must be developed in Indonesia. In order to create a harmonious, peaceful, safe, peaceful and prosperous society, it is necessary to build an inclusive attitude towards diversity. Schools are the right means to teach religion, so it is very suitable if religious education is included in the curriculum of learning in schools. One effort that can be carried out by SMA Dwijendra Denpasar to create harmony between students of different religions is to instill an inclusive attitude of Hinduism in class XI students who are Hindu through learning Hindu religious education to transform religious knowledge and values of religious teachings, so as to be able to create harmonious school atmosphere.


There are some distinct differences between the political views and aims of the Hui people' s revolt in Gansu province and that of DU Wen - xiu Revolt in Yunnan province. Vague slogans were roared in the revolt of Gansu,and suggest a social system combining politics with religion, recognizing of the central government, while clear political aim was stated in Du Wenxiu Revolt, and claim the determination of breaking down the government of the Qing Dynasty.


This paper is a study on city brand development which is increasingly interested as a means to enhance the attractiveness of the city. the previous research, the design of city brand identity was an application from the internal stakeholder's point of view related to the metropolitan government. However, in the present study, we tried to take a external approach that perceptions and designs city brands from the related to the consumer. For the purpose of research, based on previous studies, we extracted three images of leading, stable and amusing city brand images and prepared three scenarios for the imaginary city as experimental stimuli. The results showed that the overall city brand attitude, residence intention, and tourism intention to the imaginary city were significantly different according to the leading, stability and amusement brand image. According to the results of this study, it is necessary to continuously effort the development of city brand image which is perceived by consumers in order to differentiate city.


To improve the aerodynamic performance of flow path for steam turbines, three-stage air turbine experimental test rig is designed and established at Dongfang Steam Turbine Co. Ltd. The experimental test rig is described at first including the wind regime system, controlling system, measurement system and experimental body. The hydraulic dynamometer and torquemeter are used to measure the output power of the experimental turbine stages. Advanced and accurate pressure and temperature measurement equipments and corresponding displacement device are utilized to obtain the aerodynamic parameters of interstage passage flow. The modeling three-stage turbines according to steam turbines are experimentally measured to obtain the aerodynamic performance and flow fields, as well as demonstrate the accurate and reliability of the air turbine experimental test rig. In addition, three-dimensional Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) and S-A one equation turbulent model is also used to obtain the flow characteristics of the experimental turbine stage at the measurement flow conditions. The repeatability of the establishment of air turbine experimental test rig is demonstrated according to two times measurements results. The developed three-stage air turbine experimental test rig can be able to support high reliability of the measurement and verification tool to obtain the aerodynamic performance and flow fields for steam turbines manufactured by Dongfang Steam Turbine Co. Ltd..Copyright © 2011 by ASME


Due to the vague rules of Chinese constitution on constitution supervision of Chinese local people's congress, there is an argument in the academic world on whether local people's congress has the constitution supervision power. To figure out whether Chinese local people's congress has the constitution supervision power, we cannot just read the text of the Chinese Constitution. We need to make comprehensive analysis on the relationship between the power of central and local governments, the purpose of constitution draft, and the objective reality so that to form a well structured realistic basis for the operation of constitution supervision system. Of course, the constitution supervision power cannot be obtained by every local people's congress. The constitution supervision power of local people's congress is not the final say and it is different from the constitution supervision power of the national people's congress and its standing committee. Key words: Chinese local people's congress; Constitution supervision; Constitution supervision power


The suspensory ligament branches are commonly injured in all types of horse used for all disciplines. Clinical examination is often indicative of an injury to the suspensory ligament branch, although diagnostic anaesthesia may be required to isolate the source of lameness. Standard radiography and ultrasonography techniques are adequate for diagnosis in the majority of cases. A wide range of pathology can occur to the suspensory ligament branch and the corresponding proximal sesamoid bone. Treatment should involve rest, controlled exercise and remedial farriery. Other adjunctive treatments are available, but evidence for their efficacy is lacking.


The pile foundation structure was adopted for a 2700 m2 building,and the silent piling technique was used for construction of 150 pre-stressed concrete piles with the length of 30 m and the diameter of 400 mm.Measures adopted to deal with the serious construction environment with close located building cluster are recommended which finally ensured the safety and stability of the surrounding buildings and the construction quality at the same time.


The anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma. While the structure of the ALK-receptor as well as point mutations within the primary amino acid sequence of the receptor are well investigated, the activation mechanism of the ALK-receptor during its autophosphorylation and the resulting malign potential require further research. To gain better insight into the activation mechanism, the Wild-Type ALK, the F1174L-, the I1250T-, the R1275Q- and the Y1604F-mutation of the ALK-receptor were examined with regard to their level of phosphorylation and a possible dimerization during autophosphorylation. To examine these questions the receptors were expressed in the SK-N-AS neuroblastoma cell line.
The comparative description of the level of phosphorylation of the Wild-Type ALK and its four point mutations was performed using quantitative wide field fluorescence microscopy. By investigating seven phosphotyrosin epitopes of each subtype of the ALK-receptor, characteristic differences between their levels of phosphorylation during autophosphorylation were subject of this study. Furthermore, a correlation between the morphology of the SK-N-AS neuroblastoma cells and their levels of phosphorylation was examined.
A possible dimerization of the ALK-receptor during its autophosphorylation was investigated using acceptor photobleaching. Analyzing the FRET-efficiency of the Wild-Type ALK and its four point mutations permits conclusions regarding their behavior during autophosphorylation. It allows for a comparison between the degrees of dimerization of the Wild-Type ALK and its subtypes.
The identification of important phosphotyrosin epitopes and the exploration of the activation mechanisms during autophosphorylation by wide field and confocal laser scanning microscopy improve the understanding of the ALK-receptor in the context of neuroblastoma. Possible therapeutically relevant structural attributes of the ALK-receptor and its selected point mutations are an interesting subject to future research.


The Advising Module: Graduate Application System is a Web-based application system that provides quality advice on coursework for prospective as well as continuing graduate students. It also serves as an improved tracking system for the graduate coordinator. The Advising Module includes a wide variety of utilitarian options and system dynamics. It enhances the department's database design to interface with CSUSB Student Information System (SIS+) by automating the 1 information entry and update process. In addition, it 1. develops Oracle PL/SQL-based procedures and database triggers to implement crucial business rules. This project implements prospective student, continuing student, faculty, graduate coordinator, and application administrator' modules appropriate to the different users of the system. Authorized parties may obtain access to status evaluations, master's options, and permitted course waivers, course listings, personal data, various advisement forms, application usage statistics, and automatic data updating process reports. This project is designed to offer useful information and advisory service to all students.


We could produce wort containing low fermentable sugar by the application of jumping saccharification and then produce low alcohol beer by fermentation of low alcohol beer yeast. The saccharifying processes were as follows: the ratio of malt and water was 1∶2.5. heat preservation for 30 min at 45 ℃and then heatingup gradually to 55 ℃, then quick heatingup by addition of boiling water to 72 ℃and the ultimate ratio of malt and water was 1∶5.0, and heatingup to 82 ℃gradually after complete iodine test reaction, the maintenance of the state for 5min and then filtration, other operations just the same as the procedures of common wort saccharification. The fermentation process were as follows: fermentation temperature at 8 ℃,pH value 2~5.4, inoculation quantity of yeast 18×10 6~2.0×10 6 cell/ml, fermentation period 18 days. The test results indicated that the fermentation degree was below 50% and alcohol content just 2/3 of that in normal beer which met the requirements of low alcohol beer. Certainly, the imperfection in the flavor of lwo alcohol still needs further improvement.(Tran.by YUE Yang)


This article discusses the influence of culture on four stages of vocational assessment. The article reviews the role culture plays in problem clarification, information gathering, understanding the problem, and coping with the problem. Issues in the use of standardized tests across cultures are addressed, and research on cross-cultural interest assessment is highlighted.


Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of early domiciliary long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with sleep breathing disturbance.Methods Choose 138 COPD patients with sleep breathing disturbance (AHI 5~30 times/h),randomly divided into two groups:the experimental group and the control group,each group was 69.Two groups received routine treatment for two years.At the same time the experimental group received family oxygen.St George's respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ) scores on two groups of patients before and after treatment.Results After two years,the SGRQ scores of experimental group were significant declinded (t =38.42,P <0.05),among them the scores of respiratory symptoms and disease impact were significant declined (t =26.38,33.73,P < 0.05).The difference of scores for SGRQ,respiratory symptoms,restricted movement and disease impact in control group were not significant different (t =5.22,4.61,2.23,2.781,P >0.05).Conclusions Long-term oxygen therapy for patients with COPD can slow decline of disease,improve the quality of life.

Key words:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;  Sleep related breathing disorder;  Long-term oxygen therapy; St George's respiratory questionnaire


Describes the historical background of modular construction technology, focusing on the development of power from a modular, development history, comparative advantages and disadvantages of other aspects of the study was to investigate, and thus the modularization of the prospect.


. The consumer satisfaction of lard-based bread spreads depends on a delicate balance between a liquid fat phase, allowing the spread to flow, and solid fat crystals, providing the product with substance sometimes further enhanced by crispy pork cracklings. Here we apply 13 C solid-state NMR with dynamics-based spectral filtering to characterize and follow the temperature-dependence of the co-existing solid and liquid phases in commercial German Griebenschmalz and Polish smalec , both containing cracklings, as well as home-made Danish fedt and, as a chemically purer reference, German Schweineschmalz intended for baking. The NMR method allows detection of carbon atoms representative of saturated, unsaturated, and polyunsaturated acyl chains in both solid and liquid states. The results show that the solid comprises multiple crystal forms with different melting temperatures, while the liquid is at low temperature enriched in fats with shorter acyl chains and higher degree of unsaturation which become diluted with long-chain saturated fats as the solids are melting. The obtained deeper understanding of the concomitant aspects of the phase transitions may pave the way for future efforts of rational optimization of fat blend composition to extend the temperature range over which the product contains sufficient amounts of both solids and liquids to give texture properties appealing to consumers.


A series of dense copolyimide membranes was characterized using positron annihilation spectroscopy. The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy performed on film with a classical positron source gives informations on the positronium fraction formed and also on the hole size within the film. The Doppler broadening spectra (DBS) of the gamma annihilation rays coupled with a variable energy positron beam allow the microstructural analyses as a function of the film depth. Experimental data were also linked to the chemical structure of the polyimides. It was found that the presence of the fluorine atoms strongly affects the positron annihilitation process and especially the DBS responses.


A method of forming an inductor for a semiconductor device comprises the steps of forming the bottom legs on a first substrate; depositing a second substrate layer over the first substrate; forming the pair of side legs for each loop through the second substrate layer; and, forming top legs connecting pairs of side legs extending from adjacent bottom legs. The step of providing the side legs includes forming a pair of vias through the second substrate layer to the bottom legs, and depositing side legs in the vias. The step of forming the top legs preferably includes forming a channel between the pairs of vias respectively communicating with the adjacent bottom legs, and depositing top legs in the channels. Additionally, the steps of forming the side and top legs are performed concurrently.


This research aim to to know of interest employee at Rocky Hotel Plaza Padang. This Research represent quantitative descriptive research with approach of kausal asosiatif. The number of sampel in this research was 30 person. The sampling method is purposive sampling. Data collected with enquette with the likert scale.. Result of this research indicate that: (1) employees interest 96,7% respondent reside is in very good category. (2) intellectual interest indicator 83,3% respondent reside is in very good category. (3) emotional indicator 43,3% respondent reside is in good category. (4) social indicator 80% respondent reside is in good category.


COVID-19 forced many nations, including the largest country in the Arabian Gulf region, Saudi Arabia, to fast-track the adoption of new technologies and work practices to cope with the pandemic. We find the Saudi Ministry of Health (SMoH), in less than a year, introduced several innovations to transform healthcare planning, management and delivery. We reflect on these changes in the Saudi Arabian context and suggest what needs to be done next to retain the developmental momentum generated in the innovation system beyond the pandemic for sustainable and positive impact on the healthcare system. To do so, the Ministry should regularly assess the appetite for change, prioritise problems and areas of intervention, collect evidence of need and impact, build confidence by educating the public and healthcare professionals about the importance of adapting to new ways and methods of healthcare delivery, collaborate with the private sector to efficiently sustain these advancements and gain the public's trust through stakeholder participation.


In realistic environments, fully specifying a task model such that a robot can perform a task in all situations is impractical. In this work, we present Incremental Task Modification via Corrective Demonstrations (ITMCD), a novel algorithm that allows a robot to update a learned model by making use of corrective demonstrations from an end-user in its environment. We propose three different types of model updates that make structural changes to a finite state automaton (FSA) representation of the task by first converting the FSA into a state transition auto-regressive hidden Markov model (STARHMM). The STARHMM's probabilistic properties are then used to perform approximate Bayesian model selection to choose the best model update, if any. We evaluate ITMCD Model Selection in a simulated block sorting domain and the full algorithm on a real-world pouring task. The simulation results show our approach can choose new task models that sufficiently incorporate new demonstrations while remaining as simple as possible. The results from the pouring task show that ITMCD performs well when the modeled segments of the corrective demonstrations closely comply with the original task model.


The uncompleted pole figures of Al-Mg and Al-Mg-Sc alloy sheets after annealing at different temperatures were measured by X-ray diffractometry at angle (α) from 0° to 75°. The texture compositions and their evolution law were analyzed by the orientation distribution functions(ODF) and the collection of grain orientation (α and β fibre). The results indicate that the brass {011}211 and copper {112}111 textures are primary in Al-Mg alloy cold-rolled sheets. When the annealing temperature increases to 300 ℃,the deformed textures disappear gradually,the brass and copper textures translate into cube and cube-rotation textures,respectively. Sc element addition can not change the texture compositions of Al-Mg alloy cold-rolled sheets,but it makes the pole and orientation densities increase significantly. For Al-Mg-Sc alloy sheet,the texture translations occur until the annealing temperature rises to 450 ℃,partial brass and copper textures change into the cube and cube-rotation textures,which indicates that Sc element addition would evidently enhance the recrystallization temperature of Al-Mg-Sc alloy in the annealing process.


Digital city is reproducing the material city in the digital network space,Geospatial framework is the core of one of the components of digital city to accelerate the completion of the city geospatial framework to achieve interoperability of various types of information,for scientific decision-government,public services,social management,consolidated supervision and other services.In this paper,with a focus on county-level city in Qinghai,combined with the current development of digital cities,introduction of digital city geospatical framework construction goals,tasks and the main content,focusing on cloudbased architecture of geographic information public service platform forfunctional design study and discussion.


Objective To investigate the surgical method of double eyelids with modified buried sutures and its results.Methods 193 cases (378 eyes) received double eyelids surgery with modified buried sutures.The crease line was designed according to different people.The follow-up time was 6 months to 8 years.Results Satisfied results were got in 177 cases with one time of surgery.Doube eyelids became blur in 13 cases (21 eyes) and disappeared in 3 cases (6 eyes),but good results were got after second surgery.Conclusion Modified buried sutures is easy to learn,no obvious scar after surgery and the double eyelids is more natural.


economists take refuge in extreme simplification in surveying the economy as a whole.) Although there is a framework for portrayal and analysis, it is difficult to grasp the interrelationships, overlappings, and the fundamental pulls (principles) if any. The authors have made a very notable contribution in recording and interpreting in full detail the variety and pattern of competitive relationships in the Los Angeles market. They have demonstrated that there is active, vigorous, multi-dimensional competition among dealers of diverse types in the sale of a basically homogeneous product under an innumerable variety of productservice-Iocational circumstances. They have portrayed the basic immediate and temporal supply and demand data and relationships. They have noted the inter-relationships between competition at the retail level and downstream penetration by refiners together with the pattern of crude, refiner and retail prices. They have been able to classify and portray the competitors in the market as conservative, aggressive and defensive in behavior and to characterize these forms of competition. But, unfortunately in terms of observation, it was impossible to throw a sizable stone into the market currents and eddies or to send blasts from an exterior source across the surface of competition and observe the results. This leads me to my final comment. Since it is impossible to "experiment" and resources did not allow adequate case studies of consumer and dealer behavior (assuming that such are truly feasible), it would have been helpful if the authors had attempted a somewhat more general a priori interpretation. Something general has been done statistically in two useful concluding chapters on "retail Gasoline Pricing and Price Behavior." The purpose of the study, however, was not merely to survey the Los Angeles market and to provide useful quantitative data, but to improve micro-economic analysis. That is, the study has an important methodological purpose. It would have been exceedingly illuminating if the analysis had been related more definitely to some of the current refinements of analysis of 205


Competitive Intelligence (CI) key players remain poorly identified in existing firms. Previous studies disagree as to the identification of those responsible for producing the CI process. Facing this reality, this study aims to map employees who directly or indirectly participate in this process of information management within firms. In other words, who practices the CI process within a firm? To answer this question, an empirical study was conducted on a sample of 153 high-technology European firms. Results indicate that the role of the top management is essential, but that middle management participates heavily in the CI process with information experts. Nevertheless, our findings show that employees remain non-participatory in the process.


In data analysis we must often analyze data sets whose observations are related by a graph structure. This is the case for electoral data, where the electoral units correspond to a definite geographical areas. In this case can be interesting to analyze the same phenomenon fixing some a priori relation.
First part we are going to present the rationale of these methods. The local analysis aims to eleiminate the effect of geographical position of individuals, represented by a contiguity graph, in an exploratory factorial analysis of spatial data. It will be proved interesting to analyze the electoral results keeping the socio-economic position constant, by means of a similarity graph. This is called partial analysis beacuse is based on the same idea of instrumental variables of Rao and partial correlation analysis.
In the second part of the article, this methodology is applied to the data matrix formed by 1059 electoral units, called sections, giving the electoral results in the last autonomous election of 1984 in Barcelona. Moreover, it will be interesting to define regions of units with homogeneous electoral behaviour, obtained by an algorithm of clustering with contiguity constraint.


The boosting trees used in this study are trained with observations and climatological information at Vienna Airport, and outputs from the ECMWF numerical weather prediction model (NWP) – both separately and combined. Models that are based on observations only outperform the NWP output based models up to a lead time of 5 hours. However, models with the combined predictor variable setup perform best at each lead time.


Backgroud: To perform a meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the amide proton transfer (APT) technique in differentiating high-grade gliomas (HGGs) from low grade gliomas (LGGs). Methods: Medical literature databases were searched for studies that evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of APT in patients suspected of brain tumor who underwent APT MRI and surgery. Only English language studies and published before September 2018 were considered to be included in this project. Homogeneity was assessed by the inconsistency index. Mean difference (MD) at 95% confidence interval (CI) of all parameters derived from APT was calculated. Publication bias was explored by Egger's funnel plot. Results: Six eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis, comprising 144 HGGs and 122 LGGs. The APT-related parameter signal intensity (SI) was significantly higher in the HGG than the LGG (WMD = 0.86 (0.61–1.1), P < .0001); A significant difference was also found between grade II and grade III (WMD = 0.6 (0.4–0.8), P < .0001), and between grade II and grade IV (WMD = 1.07 (0.65–1.49), P < .0001). Conclusions: APT imaging may be a useful imaging biomarker for discriminating between LGGs and HGGs. However, large randomized control trials (RCT) were necessary to evaluate its clinical value.


The the crystal structure of the title compound, C2H9N2+·ClO4−, C—H⋯O, N—H⋯O and N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds result in the formation of a supramolecular network structure.


Immunohistological expression of integrins has been analyzed on 45 neuroblastoma specimens representative of the different clinical and histological forms of the tumor. None of the specimens expressed the α5 chain of the integrins. The β1 chain was expressed on all specimens, the α1 chain on 44 specimens and the α3 chain on 42; the 4 specimens which lacked α1 or α3 were stage‐4 neuroblastomas. The α2 chain was expressed on 18 specimens, and the α6 chain on 17;15 reacted with both. Their reactivity was related to the maturation of the tumor rather than the stage of the disease: they were expressed on lowgrade, well‐differentiated specimens; stage 3‐4 neuroblastoma specimens analyzed at diagnosis were negative, but usually expressed both chains when analyzed after in vivo differentiation by chemotherapy. αv reacted with 18 specimens and β3 with 12, without strict relation with the stage of the disease and/or its degree of differentiation; 9 well‐differentiated specimens expressed the β4 chain; only 4 well‐differentiated specimens expressed the α4 chain. The 4 specimens which lacked α1‐β1 or α3‐β1 expression had n‐myc amplification, whereas those which expressed either α4, β4, β3, or αv had no amplification. Furthermore, the expression of the 3 heterodimers α4‐β1, αv‐β3 and α6‐β4 was essentially observed on primary tumors which developed in the mediastinum. The expression of α2‐β1 and α6‐β1 was observed on both n‐myc‐positive and ‐negative specimens. β1 and α3, were diffusely expressed on all counterparts of these tumors, from undifferentiated neuroblasts to ganglion and Schwann cells. The α1 chain reacted with undifferentiated and intermediate neuroblasts as well as with Schwann cells, but ganglion cells were negative. α2 and α6 chains were negative on undifferentiated neuroblasts, variably expressed on intermediate neuroblasts, and restricted to Schwann cells in ganglioneuroma. The expression of α4 and β4 was restricted to Schwann cells. αv and β3 occasionally reacted with undifferentiated and intermediate neuroblasts; αv was strongly positive on Schwann cells but negative on ganglion cells, whereas β3 was positive on both neuronal and non‐neuronal populations.


Damping of the glory undulations in the velocity dependence of the total cross sections for atom–molecule scattering was first observed by Gislason and Kwei and (correctly) explained by them qualitatively in terms of inelastic and reactive processes concurrent with anisotropic elastic scattering. Subsequent experiments by Helbing and Rothe confirmed the quenching phenomenon and extended the range of systems exhibiting such behavior. The present theory deals mainly with nonreactive atom–diatomic collisions, considering the coupled equations in the total angular‐momentum representation and taking full cognizance of the anisotropic distortion of the potential. The resulting equations yield a lower bound on the degree of quenching, but should be fairly generally applicable except for extremely reactive systems of the "stripping" type. The extent of the damping and its velocity dependence is expected to be increased for systems of larger reduced mass with deeper van der Waals potential wells (e), larger‐size p...


Abstract : The purpose of the proposed action is to establish LZs in the western United States where C-17 tactical arrival, departure, and landing training could be accomplished by C-17 aircrews from Travis AFB, California. The Proposed Action would construct and operate a 3,500-foot long, 90-foot-wide LZ with associated day/night LZ markings and an infrared lighting system for night vision goggle operations at Travis AFB and conduct operations on an existing LZ at the Grant County International Airport (Grant County Airport), Moses Lake, Washington. The Southern California Logistics Airport (SCLA) is the Alternative Action. Under the SCLA Alternative, the LZ would be constructed and operated at the SCLA. Additionally under the SCLA Alternative, C-17 aircrews from Travis AFB would also accomplish LZ operations on an LZ that would be established by painting the LZ markings on Runway 21Left/03Right at the Base and at the Grant County Airport. Resources considered in the impact analysis were: airspace and airfield operations (to include aircraft safety and bird/wildlife-aircraft strike hazard) noise; land use; air quality; biological resources (to include wetlands, storm water runoff and hydrology); cultural resources; and environmental justice.


In the present article it approaches a subject of great interest in the last years in the city of Carthago Nova, concretely the ornamental decoration of the houses of private character; however, it is necessary to analyze the rest of a very particular decoration, in relief and own to the end of de 1st century A.C., that next to the study of the evolution of the structures that it decorates, the ceramic context and the reusability of the architectonic material.


(57) Abstract: straight edge that is necessity in the building environment, multi-beam tool capable of performing shaking, and the function of the level down is disclosed. In a preferred embodiment, the tool can generate orthogonal beams of up to 5, the two beams becomes swing down, three beams are horizontal. In a preferred arrangement, the tool includes a laser (4) and Kuoddomira structure of self-leveling (8a-8d) is fixed pendulum (80).


Quality-of-service (QoS) of Web services vary over time, making it a significant issue to discover temporal patterns from them for addressing various subsequent analyzing tasks like missing QoS prediction. A Latent factorization of tensors (LFT)-based approach proves to be highly efficient in addressing this issue, which can be built through a stochastic gradient descent (SGD) solver efficiently. However, an SGD-based LFT model frequently suffers low-tail convergence. For addressing this issue, we present a momentum-incorporated latent factorization of tensors (MLFT) model, which integrates a momentum method into an SGD-based LFT model, thereby improving its convergence rate as well as maintaining the prediction accuracy for missing QoS data. Empirical studies on two dynamic industrial QoS datasets show that compared with an SGD-based LFT model, an MLFT model achieves faster convergence rate and higher prediction accuracy.


As opposed to the low dynamic range (LDR) image, high dynamic range (HDR) image can represent a greater dynamic range of luminosity that can be perceived by human visual system. As under-/over-exposure and color quantization will cause information loss, inferring a HDR image from a single LDR input is an ill-posed problem. To tackle this, we present an end-to-end convolutional neural network (CNN) termed HDRNET to directly reconstruct HDR image given only a single 8-bit LDR image, which does not require any human expertise. Information from different scales should be considered, so our architecture is multiscale. To enhance the representational ability of CNN, we propose a hybird loss and use channel attention mechanism to adaptively rescale channel-wise features. To train the HDRNET, we build a large dataset of LDR-HDR image pairs. Comparative experiments demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm both qualitatively and quantitatively.


To investigate possible inhibition options for large corrosion pits in 18Cr-13Ni-1Nb stainless steel, various designs of artificial pits were developed previously and shown to be capable of sustaining corrosion for long periods. Nitrate added to the bulk water in large concentrations was found previously to be capable of affecting inhibition, but there were indications of deleterious effects in the form of increased corrosion, and it also was speculated that stress corrosion cracking might result in some circumstances. To provide the means of investigating any tendency for a transition from pitting to stress corrosion cracking, work is reported here to incorporate tensile stress into the artificial pit specimen, consequently rendering it capable of detecting stress corrosion cracking if the environmental conditions are conducive. Tensile stress was incorporated by including a notch ahead of the pit cavity, which was compressively loaded. The developed specimen, termed the stressed all-metal pit, is shown ...


This study was performed in order to have specific information that would enable to know the type and quantity of waste collected at the landfill "the Iztete", at Tepic city in Nayarit state, Mexico. A study of quantification and physical characterization of urban solid waste (USW) was carried out. The daily total generation, that is among the obtained results, rises at about 414.5tons / day (1.09 kg/per capita). The percentage of organic matter was of 37.56 %; of which 30.81 % are recoverable materials that could be separated before entering into the landfill process and 31.63 % are wastes that cannot be recovered and hence they will be buried in the landfill. The results indicated that it is possible to recover and recycle materials such as plastic, paper and cardboard, aluminum, organic matter (as compost) and glass. The proposal is to implement a separation system at the source as well as a plant for the recovery and …


is worth wondering whether an alternative outcome was possible. For example, chronicling Mohammed Morsi's battle with the bureaucracy, El-Ghobashy reasons that "any civilian president of any ideological hue would have faced similar obstruction" (p. 204). Yet as she also notes, the situation was rendered considerably more difficult because an Islamist president was attempting to reform an institution that "had built their professional esprit de corps on the exclusion of Islamists" (p. 172). Differentiating moments when realistic alternatives were truly in the offing versus those where choices were far more constrained could help establish key moments in sharper relief. Reading these books alongside each other is a fruitful exercise. Most obviously, they differ in terms of their aperture: Bread and Freedom richly documents the years shortly preceding the 2011 uprising through to 2020, while Lumbering State, Restless Society provides a broader and more sweeping synthesis of postindependence Egypt. One benefit of these different perspectives is how it allows us to anchor the specific dynamics Bread and Freedom identifies in the longer-term trends from Lumbering State, Restless Society. For example, the judiciary's conspicuous muscle-flexing during Egypt's revolutionary situation can be partly understood as a continuation of their increasing assertiveness and corporate identity that began to develop over the prior decades. And likewise, the willingness of actors on the outs—non-Islamists prior to 2013, civilian opponents post-2013—to use (and be used by) the courts to gum up contentious political processes, induce uncertainty, and render the hidden visible, was in many ways an evolution of successful opposition tactics pioneered during the Mubarak era. These combined insights also help to make sense of Egypt's post-2013 political order. For the authors of Lumbering State, Restless Society, Egypt's recent political history is one of uneven but unmistakable fraying of the sinews between state, regime, and society to the point that, in 2011, they went slack or snapped. El-Ghobashy views this moment through the eyes of the counterrevolutionaries, who saw the interregnum as a traumatic period of collapsing public order, political dysfunction, and moral decay. She reads their justification for seizing power as the necessity of rebuilding "heybat al-dawla" (prestige or awe of the state), which subjugates all actors to the state and evacuates them of any claim to political authority. In her words, "Haybat al-dawla puts an end to this riot of competing supremacy claims, gathering up sovereignties in a unitary conception of the state to suppress the diversity of their manifestations" (p. 261). Under this aegis did the new regime set out to right the mistakes of the old. At the same time the continuities should not be overstated; both books are clear that Egypt's post-2013 political order is much more than a retooled version of what obtained immediately prior to 2011, or even in the heyday of Nasserist control and unity. One key difference is that these earlier regimes managed their ties to society and various interest groups through a multiplicity of shifting (and sometimes competing) practices and mechanisms. They expected compliance but in turn doled out benefits, fostered predictability, offered an ideology of development at home and confidence abroad, and allowed citizens some degree of feedback through a network of intermediaries. Even as they came apart in the years leading up to 2011, these mechanisms still somewhat connected the state, regime, and ordinary Egyptians. But a core characteristic of Egypt's current regime, and perhaps the organizing principle of "haybat al-dawla," is the extreme suspicion of any type of social mobilization or organization. In this way the regime is, as the authors of Lumbering State, Restless Society describe it, "antipolitical" (p. 230).With these connections absent, what's on offer to Egyptians today seems to be a thin gruel of intimidation, violence, surveillance, austerity, spectacle, paternalism, and xenophobia. Perhaps for some willing to prioritize stability over accountability this may be enough to keep the regime upright. But as these books tell us, uprisings are often unpredictable things.


The thermodynamic properties of ultra-cold atomic gases during the loading procedure into optical lattices from the harmonic oscillating trap are researched.The results show that: When the T/Tc equals constant,the occupation rate of particles on the ground state in the harmonic oscillating trap is higher than that of in optical lattices,and the condensate is more stable in the harmonic oscillating trap.The internal energy of the condensate U is in proportion to Tα+1,and the specific heat C V is in proportion to Tα.The entropy of systems keeps balance during the loading process of the ultra-cold atomic gases slowly and adiabatically loaded into optical lattices from the harmonic oscillating trap.When T/Tc is less than 0.30,the occupation rate of particles on the ground state becomes higher with the loading intensity of the optical lattices increasing,and the Bose system becomes more stable.However,When T/Tc is greater than 0.70,the Bose system becomes unstable with the loading intensity of the optical lattices increasing.


Aluminum bronze alloy powder containing Ce was coated on 45# steel by using plasma spray welding technology.Effect of Ce on the microstructure and properties of the aluminum bronze coating was studied through coating surface microstructure observation,X-ray analysis,energy dispersive spectrometry(EDS),electron probe micro-analysis(EPMA) and hardness testing.The results showed that Ce promoted hard phase(K phase) formation in the coating,uniformized K-phase distribution,refined the grain,reduced elements accumulation and increased hardness of coating.


Answer: A. The tube coagulase test detects the presence of free coagulase that is secreted by S. aureus and other coagulase-positive Staphylococcus species. The slide coagulase test detects the presence of bound coagulase (also known as clumping factor), which reacts with fibrinogen to form a clump (agglutination). Protein A is a constituent of the S. aureus cell wall that can be detected by latex agglutination testing methods.


Based on the survey and analysis on the latest development of the students' voluntary organizations in Zhao Tong Teacher's College and through studying the issues arising in their activities,this paper is intended to propose that the college should place more emphasis on and strengthen the management of the students'organization and beef up the effort of publicity,strengthen the organizational awareness of the faculty and the students as well as stress training talented members for the organizations and provide necessary materials for the suedents' organizations.


Reliability of data transmission is a fundamental problem in wireless communications. Fading in wireless channels causes the signal strength to vary at the receiver and this results in loss of data packets. To improve the reliability, automatic repeat request (ARQ) schemes were introduced. However these ARQ schemes suffer from a reduction in the throughput. To address the throughput reduction, conventional ARQ schemes were combined with forward error correction (FEC) schemes to develop hybrid-ARQ (HARQ) schemes. For improving the reliability of data transmission, HARQ schemes are included in the present wireless standards like LTE, LTE-Advanced and WiMAX. Conventional HARQ systems use the same transmission power and the same number of channel uses in different ARQ rounds. However this is not optimal in terms of minimizing the average transmit power or the average energy spent for successful transmission of a data packet. We address this issue in the first part of the dissertation, where we consider optimal resource allocation in HARQ systems with a limit on the maximum number of allowed transmissions for a data packet. Specifically, we consider the problem of minimizing the packet drop probability (PDP) under an average transmit power constraint or equivalently minimizing the average transmit power under a fixed PDP constraint. We consider both incremental redundancy (IR)-based and Chase combining (CC)-based HARQ systems in our work. For an IR-HARQ system, for the special case of two allowed transmissions for each packet, we provide a solution for the optimal number of channel uses and the optimal power to be used in each ARQ round. For a CC-HARQ system, we solve the problem of optimal power allocation in i.i.d. Rayleigh fading channels as well as correlated Rayleigh fading channels. For the CC-HARQ case, we also provide a low complexity geometric programming (GP) solution using an approximation of the outage probability expression. HARQ systems conventionally use one bit acknowledgement (ACK)/negative ACK (NACK) feedback from the receiver to the transmitter. In the 3GPP-LTE systems, one method for sending these HARQ acknowledgement bits is to jointly code them with the other control signaling information using a specified Reed-Muller code consisting of 20 coded bits. Even though the resources used for sending this control signaling information can inherently provide a diversity gain, the Reed-Muller code


THE First General Meeting was held at 22, Albemarle Street, on November 2nd, 1896, Professor L. Campbell, V.P., in the chair. Mr. A. J. Evans read a paper ' On Further Discoveries of the Early Cretan Script.' The additional materials described had been collected by the author during his recent researches in the island, and fully corroborated the evidence first brought forward by him two years since of the existence in Crete in prehistoric times of two interrelated systems of writing, one pictographic, the other linear. A fresh series of early seals was described, showing the evolution of purely pictorial types into a conventionalized pictographic script of Mycenaean date, having points of resemblance with the Hittite. Very primitive examples of seals with linear characters were also illustrated, and it was pointed out that this linear class in Crete, which presented some curious resemblances to Greek and Phoenician letters, went back, on the whole, to a distinctly earlier period than the conventionalized pictographic class, and might be largely described as pre-Mycenaean. Hitherto the evidence had mainly rested on seals and graffiti on vases. Mr. Evans was now able to describe the discovery in the Cave of Psychro— the ' Diktaion Antron' of Zeus—beneath a votive and sacrificial stratum of Mycenaean date, of part of a libation table of steatite, imitated from a twelfth dynasty Egyptian model, bearing the remaining half of what seemed to be a dedication in Cretan linear characters. The inscription consisted of nine letters with two punctuations, and was of the highest importance as showing that this pre-Phoenician script was applied to monumental as well as personal objects. The Egyptian affinities of the libation table itself fitted in with other signs of intimate connexion between Crete and the Egypt of the twelfth dynasty supplied by the decorative designs of sealstone and steatite vases. Here, however, in the imitation of an object of cult they had proof of a community so deep-lying that it could hardly have been due to mere commercial intercourse. It pointed to continuous land-contact in the population so influenced, and the probability became great that this and other vestiges of the influences of the old empire of Egypt in Crete were due to Libyan settlements in the island. If so, the beginnings of the Cretan linear script, which also seemed to show Egyptian influences, might be ultimately found in Tripoli. A remarkable parallelism was, in fact, shown between the Cretan signs and the early Libyan alphabets. Converging lines of evidence showed that the inscribed libation table from the Dictaean


Path planning plays an essential role in many areas of robotics. Various planning techniques have been presented, either focusing on learning a specific task from demonstrations or retrieving trajectories by optimizing for hand-crafted cost functions which are well defined a priori. In this work, we present an incremental adversarial learning-based framework that allows inferring implicit behaviour, i.e. the natural characteristic of a set of given trajectories. To achieve adversarial learning, a zero-sum game is constructed between a planning algorithm and an adversary - the discriminator. We employ the discriminator within an optimal motion planning algorithm, such that costs can be learned and optimized iteratively, improving the integration of implicit behavior. By combining a cost-based planning approach with trained intrinsic behaviour, this can be be integrated also with other constraints such as obstacles or general cost factors within a single planning framework. We demonstrate the proposed method on a dataset for collision avoidance, as well as for the generation of human-like trajectories from motion capture data. Our results show that incremental adversarial learning is able to generate paths that reflect the natural implicit behaviour of a dataset, with the ability to improve on performance using iterative learning and generation.


The KKSO multi-phase field model is employed to simulate the lamellar-rod transition with different pulling velocities and different solute diffuse coefficients in liquid. The simulation results show that the eutectic keeps lamellar growth after lamellar merging at small pulling velocity. With an increase of the pulling velocity, the lamellar eutectic transits to rod-like eutectic after lamellar merging. And the further increase of the pulling velocity will make the lamellar grow steadily with its initial lamellar spacing. It's also found that the simulations of different solute diffusion coefficients in liquid are similar to those of different velocities and the transition from lamellar eutectic to rod-like takes place only in a certain range of each parameter. All of the simulated results are in agreement with the experiments qualitatively.


The eighteenth century marked a watershed in the relationship between women and historical writing in Britain. Previous to this period, D. R. Woolf has demonstrated, women had certainly purchased, read, and discussed works of history, contributing to "the 'social circulation' of historical knowledge." A few, perhaps most notably Lucy Hutchinson, had composed Civil War memoirs. Some women had written genealogical, antiquarian, and biographical works, as well as local and family history, a "feminine past," according to Woolf, that men often judged unworthy of real history. Only in the eighteenth century, however, did women and men significantly modify a neoclassical paradigm that conceived of history as a strictly male enterprise, the record of political and military deeds written by men and for men. In this century prescriptive literature increasingly urged history upon women as reading matter intellectually and morally superior to novels and romances. The great triumvirate of British historians, David Hume, Edward Gibbon, and William Robertson, wrote expressly for female readers. Their "philosophical" history, with its shift of emphasis from political to social and cultural subjects, appealed to women, as did their experiments with the narrative techniques of sentimental fiction. The century also witnessed the appearance of the first female historian in Britain to write in the grand manner, Catharine Macaulay (1731–91). Mrs. Macaulay's success in the traditional genre of history won her the respect of male peers as well as the applause of a wide readership.


This paper describes an experimental investigation of adaptive path discovery using genetic algorithms (GA). We start with the quality of service (QoS) driven routing protocol called "cognitive packet network" (CPN) which uses smart packets (SPs) to dynamically select routes in a distributed autonomic manner based on the user's QoS requirements. We extend it by introducing GA at the source routers, which modifies and filters the paths discovered by CPN. The GA can combine paths that were previously discovered to create new untested but valid source-to-destination paths, which are then selected on the basis of their "fitness". We implement this approach and the measurements which we have conducted on a network test-bed indicate that when the network's background traffic load is light to medium, the GA can result in improved QoS. When the background traffic load is high, it appears that the use of the GA may be detrimental to the QoS experienced by users as compared to CPN routing, because of the fact that the GA uses less timely state information in its decision making


Two non invasive methods and the UNI 11087/2003 method [1] for the determination of soluble salts content in stones were compared looking for correlation between obtained data. Three different kind of stone, constituting the Todi Cathedral floor, were considered. Ionic chromatography (IC) and Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) were used for the determination of anions and cations respectively; pH, conductivity and redox potential (ORP) measurements were also performed. Samples were characterised by Scanning Electron microscopy coupled with X-ray microanalysis (SEM/EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Density and porosity were also determined, the second by a new methodological approach (running research). Interesting results can be drawn by the very big mole of obtained data; surely it would be better evaluated by chemometrics or multivariate analysis.


The use of contractors is extensive and wide-spread in Sweden and many other parts of the world. However, due to the complex nature of this form of labour, details and exact numbers are hard to establish (Mayhew et al., 1997). In Sweden there is limited scientific literature dealing with contractors in general, and even the literature dealing with contractors in specific areas (e.g. Blank et al., 1995) refers to ambiguous industry experts in estimating certain numbers. Suffice it to say, contractors stand out in the area of health and safety in terms of frequency and severity of injuries (Blank et al., 1995; Mayhew et al., 1997). To attempt to rectify this problem, special training programmes for contractors have been developed.


In this paper, we first introduce the notion of channel leakage as the minimum mutual information between the channel input and channel output. As its name indicates, channel leakage quantifies the (minimum) information leakage to the malicious receiver. In a broad sense, it can be viewed as a dual concept of channel capacity, which characterizes the (maximum) information transmission to the targeted receiver. We obtain explicit formulas of channel leakage for the white Gaussian case and colored Gaussian case. We also study the implications of channel leakage in characterizing the fundamental limitations of privacy leakage for streaming data.


In an attempt to align required general education courses in foreign language with students' most likely applications for language and culture knowledge, a fourth-semester survey course entitled Spanish in the Professions: Bilingualism in the U.S. has been developed at the University of Illinois, UrbanaChampaign. This article describes the rationale for the course, the curriculum developed, authentic materials developed for the course, and innovative features of the curriculum.


INTEREST in the haematological effects of a-methyldopa (Aldomet) was stimulated by the letter from the Committee on Safety of Drugs (Cahal, 1966), reporting 9 cases of haemolytic anaemia in patients undergoing treatment with the drug. The incidence of a positive direct anti-globulin (Coombs) test (D.C.T.) in patients on a-methyldopa was reported by Carstairs et al. (1966) as 20 per cent in a series of 202 patients. Thirty cases of autoimmune haemolytic anaemia associated with a-methyldopa therapy were reported by Worlledge et al. (1966).


We prove the existence of periodic solutions of the nonlinear wave equation

satisfying either Dirichlet or periodic boundary conditions on the interval [O, π]. The coefficients of the eigenfunction expansion of this equation satisfy a nonlinear functional equation. Using a version of Newton's method, we show that this equation has solutions provided the nonlinearity g(x, u) satisfies certain generic conditions of nonresonance and genuine nonlinearity. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Woody biomass production in the South can come from four distinct feedstocks - logging residues, thinnings, understory harvesting, or energywood plantations. A range of new technology has been developed to collect, process and transport biomass and a key element of technology development has been to reduce energy consumption. We examined three different woody feedstock production systems with detailed field studies including logging residues in central hardwoods, whole-tree pine thinning and clearcuts, and understory baling. Productivity ranged from 5 Mg per hour to over 23 Mg. However the corresponding energy consumption (diesel fuel) was very similar ranging from about 4 to 5.5 l/Mg. Intensive management technology for short rotation woody crops will have additional energy inputs for planting and stand management. Equipment manufacturers are working on even more efficient technology such as energy recovery swing systems, new powertrain designs, and improved productivity. This comparison suggests that intensive energywood production systems and understory harvesting may have the lowest harvesting energy input per ton of wood produced.


THE material presented here resulted from a series of systematic culture surveys of each of the countries of Central America except Costa Rica, where only a partial survey was possible. More than one hundred communities were surveyed, and monographs have been prepared on each country. The present work depends upon the material presented in these monographs, and was done while I was working with the World Health Organization. The term Central America is here used to refer to Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, British Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. Circumstances precluded a survey of British Honduras and for that reason it is omitted from some of the discussion. Spanish-American refers to a cultural tradition, defined and delineated in the paper. Meso-American, which in anthropological circles has been used (following Kirchhoff) to indicate a certain region of Mexico and western Central America, specifically the high culture areas of the Maya and Mexicans, here refers to a cultural tradition composed of groups which are cultural descendents of those civilizations. Our knowledge of the distribution of contemporary peoples and cultures of the world is still largely inadequate. The present essay attempts to provide systematic identification and classification for the region of Central America. I hope it will serve not only as a contribution to our general knowledge of the world's population, but also as a step in the improvement of the methodologies which have been followed in classifications of Latin American materials. In


Summary
Particles of tomato golden mosaic virus (TGMV), purified by an improved procedure, were used to prepare an antiserum which in gel double-diffusion tests with homologous virus gave a single precipitin line and had a titre of 1/256. TGMV was shown to be serologically related to another geminivirus, cassava latent virus, and distantly related to a leafhopper-transmitted geminivirus, beet curly top virus. No relationship could be detected to four other leafhopper-transmitted geminiviruses.


To explore the molecular mechanism of high insulin and high glucose-induced insulin resistance. Isolated rat adipocytes were cultured at 5 or 25 mmol/L glucose with or without insulin(10~(4)#mu#U/m1)for 24 h. Then the glucose uptake, the phosphorylation of insulin receptor(IR), insulin receptor substrate(IRS)1/2, the protein expression of IRS-1, IRS-2, 85 subunit of phosphatitylinositol 3-kinase (p85)and protein kinase B (PKB)as well as PKB activity were measured. These adipocytes treated with 25 mmol/L glucose showed that high glucose reduced glucose uptake, IR and IRS-1 phosphorylationby 69%, 43% and 52% respectively, and depressed IRS-1 protein expression and PKB activity by 61% and 42% respectively. Combined treatment with high insulin and high glucose amplified the above suppression(compared with 25 mmol/L glucose group P<0.05, P< 0.01). High glucose increased IRS-2 protein expression by 204%, but high insulin abolished its effect. High glucose can induce insulin resistance, and high insulin can amplify its effect. The mechanism may be involved in their affecting the phosphorylation and expression of insulin signaling proteins as well as PKB activity.


ABSTRACT The field of special education is in flux, with high shortages and attrition and increasing requirements around quality teachers and teaching contexts. In this study, we explore how preservice teachers develop identities as special education-certified teachers within this context. Data include focus groups, admissions essays, and class assignments from 3 years of a masters-level preparation program. Analysis began with open coding, and initial themes included positioning, power, and marginalization. Iterative analysis led to findings around negotiation—how preservice teachers negotiated what it meant to be a teacher in diverse teaching contexts while both maintaining a view of special education-certified teachers as extraordinary and also experiencing marginalization within their roles. Implications include supporting teacher candidates in managing these tensions, as well as a need for programs to partner with schools as a whole and not just individual cooperating teachers.


Cocoa is one of the dominant plantation crops in North Aceh. Matangkuli District is a cocoa development area in North Aceh. The planting area is satisfactory, but the yield and quality are still below the national average. The general objective of this activity is to build and foster a farming community through the cocoa commodity business in order to produce reliable quality human resources. Reliable human resources will be able to manage all the potential of existing natural resources in order to produce quality cocoa bean production, both in terms of production and productivity, so as to create added value and competitiveness according to market needs. In addition, in the long term it is hoped that through this activity it will be able to increase people's income and create jobs and be able to increase the competitiveness of the cocoa value chain by providing more business opportunities in the cocoa plantation sub-sector within the North Aceh Regency area, especially Gampong Ceubrek District. Matangkuli. The focus of the implementation of this service is increasing the capacity of knowledge and skills in managing cocoa gardens and plants, rejuvenating old plants, and improving the quality of crops. During extension activities and field practice, cocoa farmers have been able to practice cocoa maintenance, plant rejuvenation and post-harvest fruit treatment practices. At least the farmer groups will make a pilot demonstration plot to apply maintenance, rejuvenation and post-harvest treatment which will then be compared with the results achieved conventionally. In addition, cocoa farmers are also trained in managing farmer groups. Where the harvest will be concentrated to be given fermentation and drying treatment simultaneously. Marketing will be done collectively, not individually. Collective sales will save on transportation costs, so the sales value received will be higher.