Poetry is a literary work that has specificity, both in terms of language, word choice, and readers. Indonesian language learning in poetry reading material at SMP Negeri 3 Kubu Babussalam One Roof, Rokan Hilir Regency, Riau has so far been less favored, because students are less motivated and lack self-confidence when reading poetry. The author seeks to improve these conditions by conducting learning using audio-visual media in learning to read poetry. The problem discussed in this scientific work is how the process of improving poetry reading by using audio-visual media in class VIII of SMP Negeri 3 Kubu Babussalam One Roof. The aim is to find out the process of improving poetry reading skills using audio-visual media in class VIII of SMP Negeri 3 Kubu Babussalam One Roof, Rokan Hilir Regency, Riau.


Private economy is a new type of vivacious market economic group.Its productivity shows a steady upward tendency,accounting for an increasing proportion in national productivity.Private economy has a strategic position in the domestic economic growth.The market proficiency of private economy in competitive industries decides that private economy is doom to become a main strength eventually.The cooperative relation between public economy and private economy is also exploited in the thesis.To develop private economy in a healthy way,we need to set free our ideology,transfer our concept,and optimize its development environment.


The purpose of this chapter is to examine the current legal environment of cloud computing. As the cloud platform continues to evolve, companies will find the need to address the business risks, particularly legal issues which will be of paramount concern. This chapter discusses the legal dimensions of cloud computing from the perspective of three L's: Location, Litigation, and Liability. Most of the current issues can be evaluated as part of one of these categories. Although the legal aspects of the cloud lag behind the business and technology side, prior case law is discussed as it applies to issues arising from various implementations of cloud computing applications. This discussion provides a road map for CIOs and other managers as they deal with emerging issues and legal ramifications of cloud computing. The chapter also provides direction for research in this realm.


The cell damage will cause the release of free radicals. These free radicals will play an important role in any bioactive process of the cells. Antioxidants are one of the important components which plays a critical role to maintain the cell functioning and integrity of the cells. Antioxidants play an important role against the reactive oxygen species and maintain the normal activity of the cell. Antioxidants are preventing the free radical configuration tissue damage by preventing the formation of radicals or promoting their breakdown of free radical species. The review article explains the role of antioxidants in normal healthy conditions as well as diseases.


ABSTRACT In this paper, we study the 2-Pell number sequences modulo m. Also, by considering the finitely presented groups and we examine the lengths of the period of the generalized order 2-Pell sequences of these groups.


Capitella sp. I and Streblospio benedicti are infaunal, deposit-feeding polychaetes that occur in estuaries and littoral wetlands throughout much of the United States. Life table response experiments (sensu Caswell 1989a) were carried out in the laboratory to compare the demographic responses of these species to three common sources of estuarine contamination or enrichment: sewage (Milorganite), blue-green algae (Spirulina sp.), and hydrocarbons (No. 2 fuel oil). Life table data were used to generate two population projection models (a fully age-classified model and a simple two-stage model) for each species in each treatment and in a salt marsh sediment control. These models were used to quantify the effects of treatments on survival, reproduction, and age at maturity, and hence on population growth rate. For both species, survival was high in all treatments except the blue-green algae treatment, where oxygen depletion (to <1 mL/L) occurred. Treatments had dramatic effects on age at maturity, fertility, and generation time, which differed between species and among contaminants. Population growth rates (X) were higher in Capitella sp. I than in S. benedicti for all treatments, primarily due to earlier maturation and a fertility advantage exhibited by Capitella during the first few weeks of reproduction. In Capitella sp. I, explosive increases in X were seen in the sewage (X = 5.31) and algae (X = 2.81) enrichments relative to the control (X = 1.86) and the hydrocarbon treatments (X = 1.67). Reduced maturation time and increases in age-specific fertility associated with rapid growth and large body size were responsible. Hydrocarbons reduced X primarily through delayed maturation and reduced age-specific fertility. Population growth rates of S. benedicti in the hydrocarbon treatment (X = 1.11) and algae treatment (X = 1.09) were reduced relative to the control (X = 1.46) and sewage treatments (X = 1.41). The hydrocarbon reduction resulted from delayed maturity and reduced fertility, whereas the algal effects were caused by reductions in both juvenile survival and fertility. Our analyses revealed that Capitella sp. I's population growth rate was less sensitive than that of S. benedicti to these three common forms of estuarine contamination, that different sources of organic enrichment (sewage and blue-green algae) introduced at the same C and N levels could have varying demographic effects, and that when two contaminants (hydrocarbons and blue-green algae) caused similar reductions in population growth rate in a species (Streblospio), the underlying mechanisms may have differed. For both species all demographically important effects of contaminants occurred early in life, suggesting a need to focus on juveniles and young adults in field and laboratory testing. The experiments performed here demonstrated the sensitivity of polychaete demo- graphic properties to the condition of estuarine sediments. This sensitivity may be exploited to evaluate organic enrichment and hydrocarbon contamination in field settings.


Introduction 1. Edges in cyclic syntax 2. Edges of primary predication 3. Syntactic edges and two types of floating quantification 4. Edges of complement predication 5. Edges of adjunct and secondary predication 6. Concluding remarks


The development of power electronics, including high-efficiency power supply systems, changes the structure of perception of the types of electrical energy receivers connected to the power grid at each supply voltage level. In the past, the dominant type of receivers were constant impedance devices. Currently, more and more devices have power supplies, which are most often constant power receivers. The construction and technological diversity of receivers allows mixed receivers, which are a combination of constant power and constant impedance receivers, to be distinguished. Therefore, there is a need to determine the impact of the type of electrical energy receivers on the power grid, both in the context of the operation of a single receiver and in the case of a branched power grid with a high penetration of distributed generation. This article will discuss the impact of the type of electrical energy receivers on the operation of the power grid, with particular emphasis on the issue of electrical energy losses at changing voltages. To determine the impact of receivers, simulation studies were performed based on two case stages: the first is a fragment of a low-voltage power grid in a household that supplies a heating device, which is analyzed as a different type of receiver; the second is a fragment of a low-voltage power grid with various types of consumers and photovoltaic installations. The research was carried out on the basis of the mathematical model of the low-voltage power network developed by the authors using the electric multipole method and Newton's method. The obtained results show that the type of receiver may have an impact on electrical energy losses.


The 119 Sn Mossbauer spectrometry applied to stannic acids reveals two Sn 4+ species with different chemical reactivities. This result suggests a mixed texture: SnO 2 microcrystallites and amorphous hydrates in various proportions Ces acides stanniques seraient constitues de microcristallites de SnO 2 et d'hydrates amorphes en proportions variables


We describe certain criteria for a motif M to be c-effective, i.e., to belong to the cth Tate twist ObjDM eff gm,R(c) = ObjDM eff gm,R⊗L ⊗c of effective Voevodsky motives (for c ≥ 1; R is the coefficient ring). In particular, M is 1-effective if and only if a complex whose terms are certain Chow groups of zero-cycles is acyclic. The dual to this statement checks whether an effective motif M belongs to the subcategory of DM eff gm,R generated by motives of varieties of dimension ≤ c. These criteria are formulated in terms of the Chow-weight (co)homology of M . These homology theories are introduced in the current paper and have several (other) remarkable properties: they yield a bound on the weights of M (in the sense of the Chow weight structure defined by the first author) and detect the effectivity of "the lower weight pieces" of M . We also calculate the connectivity of M (in the sense of Voevodsky's homotopy t-structure, i.e., we study motivic homology) and prove that the exponents of the higher motivic homology groups (of an "integral" motif) are finite whenever these groups are torsion. These motivic properties of M have important consequences for its (co)homology. Our results yield vast generalizations of the so-called "decomposition of the diagonal" statements.


Abstract : The performance of two novel interferometer antenna architectures for high resolution, wideband direction finding are investigated. The first configuration incorporates a Symmetrical Number System (SNS) encoding of the interferometer amplitude response (symmetrical folding waveform). The second configuration incorporates a Residue Number System (RNS) encoding of the interferometer phase response (saw tooth waveform). The residue architectures serve as a source for resolution enhancement in an interferometer array by decomposing the analog spatial filtering operation into a number of parallel sub-operations (moduli) that are of smaller computational complexity. Each sub-operation only requires a precision in accordance with the size of the modulus. A much higher resolution is achieved after the N moduli are used and the results of these low precision sub-operations are recombined. A four-element, 3 channel array using the moduli set m1 = 3, m2 = 4 and m3 = 5 was constructed in a ground plane using rectangular waveguide elements with a center frequency of 8.5 GHz. Experimental results are compared with the simulation results to demonstrate the advantages of this approach. The frequency response of the RNS array is investigated numerically. To correct the quantization errors due to any frequency offset, a fast correction algorithm is derived and is shown to have excellent results over a wide bandwidth.


The relationship between the public good and the welfare state is being reexamined in many industrialised and developing countries. One reason for this is the impact of the global economy on productivity, capital accumulation, unemployment, and social dislocation. This article examines how the global economy influences the public good by focusing on the incipient welfare systems in Africa. Particular emphasis is placed on the need for diversity in developing welfare programmes in Africa. This article identifies key components needed to develop a viable welfare state in a global economy.


We consider switching games for piecewise-deterministic processes and the associated system of integro-differential equations. The viscosity solution of the system on Rn is a saddle point for the game.


We demonstrate a fully electric control of the heat flux, which can be continuously modulated by an externally applied electric field in PbTiO$_3$, a prototypical ferroelectric perovskite, revealing the mechanisms by which experimentally accessible fields can be used to tune the thermal conductivity by as much as 50% at room temperature.


IRRIGATION EYE FOR AN INTRAOCULAR OPERATION OF CAVITY EYE anterior or posterior is optimized through the method of using a gas pump AIR (13) having an output pressure (18) discernable and controllable, to pressurize a reserve of LIQUIDO INFUSED, WHICH IS BROUGHT UNDER PRESSURE TO A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT OF INFUSION (29) iRRIGATION FOR SELECTED CAMERA EYE (INFUSION LIQUID GAS PRESSURE, GFLI). SELECTING Infused Infused and pressure can be controlled with a high degree of accuracy and both can be quickly VARIADAS by a command AUDIBLE (37). Preferentially A PRESSURE SENSITIVE TO HUMAN INDICATION IS CONSTANTLY AVAILABLE AT THE GAS PUMP.


In order to diversification of jam products and increasing the healthbenefits of consumers it was intended to valorification a medicinal plant such aspeppermint (Mentha Piperita L.) in apple jam to obtaining a new product. Theresearch work was conducted at the Vegetable Canning Laboratory, Faculty ofFood Science and Technology and was the result of original recipe. The goal of thestudy was to investigate the quality of jam obtained by physicochemical analysisand general consumer's acceptance. The analyses were conducted on threeprototypes of jam, first apple jam with 0.1 % mint added (0.1% MAJ), 0.3 % mintadded (0.3 % MAJ) and 0.5 % mint added (0.5 % MAJ). Sensory analyses includedevaluation of overall appearance by colour, taste, flavor and odor ( test rating in 20points). Present study indicated that Apple Mint Jam with 0.3 % mint (0.3 % MAJ)was the most accepted by consumers.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to bring attention to a more embodied, holistic way of working which acknowledges not only the mind, but also the body and emotions, of learners and facilitators as they work together in a co‐created relationship to experience a different way of learning and relating. The authors suggest that practitioners step away from the traditional boundaries of reflecting on experiential learning activities post action. They propose a stronger emphasis on working in relationship with clients in the here and now, to support novel ways of relating and learning to emerge.Design/methodology/approach – Adapting a reflective inquiry approach, the authors engaged in reflective and reflexive practice to offer a conceptual paper on a dialogical and embodied orientation to experiential learning.Findings – Learning within Outdoor Management Development (OMD) activities can be enriched within the context of a dialogical relationship where participants are invited to attend to their embodie...


Mutually coupled switched reluctance motors (MCSRMs) are alternatives in the family of reluctance machines that can overcome switched reluctance motor's (SRM's) system-level integration and control challenges by utilizing standard three-phase voltage source inverters. In this article, a novel segmented-rotor, fractional-slot, tooth-wound MCSRM with notched rotor design is presented, which has very low torque ripple compared to other machine types in the SRM family. The torque ripple is reduced to 3.6% without utilizing any current profiling techniques or torque sharing functions. The ripple minimization is achieved primarily through rotor segment shaping, which has a strong influence on stator flux densities, flux linkages, and torque harmonics. The design strategy, along with the optimization details, is presented for a 120 W, 12 slot-8 pole MCSRM. The designed MCSRM is prototyped for experimental verification and validation of the finite element analysis results and design methodology.


Over the past decade, deep learning has profoundly transformed the landscape of science and technology, from refining advertising algorithms to pioneering self-driving vehicles. While advancements in computational capabilities have fueled this evolution, the consistent availability of high quality training data is less of a given. In this work, the authors aim to provide a bird's eye view on topics pertaining to small data scenarios, that is scenarios in which a less than desirable quality and quantity of data is given for supervised learning. We provide an overview for a set of challenges, proposed solution and at the end tie it together by practical guidelines on which techniques are useful in specific real-world scenarios.


Nearly diffraction limited GaSb-based type-I quantum well cascade diode lasers emitting in the spectral region 1.95–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> were designed and fabricated. Two-step 5.5-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-wide shallow and 14-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-wide deep etched ridge waveguide design yielded devices generating stable single lobe beams with 250 mW of continuous wave output power at 20 °C. Quantum well radiative recombination current contributes about 13% to laser threshold as estimated from true spontaneous emission and modal gain analysis. Recombination at etched sidewalls of the 14-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-wide deep ridges controls about 30% of the threshold.


Leading illustrated titles bump spines for space in bookshops, publishers and booksellers say. Some categories are doing particularly well and booksellers are given some tips on how to display. Mother and daughter Penelope and Tansy Curtin run a specialised bookshop in Adelaide called Folio/Foliage where they have a range of art, photography, reference and illustrated books. Their shop has a special shelving design where all shelves are large display shelves and most books face outwards.


High‐performance layered oxide cathode materials are vital to the industrialization of Na‐ion batteries (NIBs) due to their high theoretical capacity and facile production. These materials, however, suffer from complicated phase transitions and poor capacity retention cycling. The modifying impacts of classic strategies, such as doping and coating, are generally restricted. Herein, a rational four‐in‐one strategy to boost the overall performance of Nax[Ni,Mn]O2 materials by innovative composition design and elegant synthesis management is provided. After modification, the half‐cell capacity retention rate increases from 45% to 77% after 250 cycles at 1 C rate. The capacity of the full cells is maintained at 83% after 300 cycles at 0.5 C rate. This four‐in‐one strategy, which encompasses optimization of the energy band structure, ion diffusion, crystal structure, and particle morphology, sheds new insight into the overall optimization of cathode materials for NIBs.


Joan Schenkar has had her work produced at experimental theatres throughout the English-speaking theatre world. She is the recipient of 30 grants, fellowships, and awards for playwriting. Among her works are Cabin Fever, The Lodger, Signs of Life, Last of Hitler, Bucks and Does, Mr. Monster, Between the Acts, Family Pride in the '5os, The Universal Wolf, The Opera Fire in the Future. Several of these plays are available from Samuel French.


Carbonyl sulfide (OCS or COS) is a ubiquitous trace gas and plays a role in forming stratospheric sulfate aerosol particles, thereby influencing climate. In this study, whole‐air samples containing OCS were collected onboard a passenger aircraft (IAGOS‐CARIBIC) from the upper troposphere/lowermost stratosphere (UT/LMS, 10–12 km) region and analyzed with CryoTrap–GC–AED system in the laboratory. Global OCS mixing ratios are presented and by using the OCS measurements in conjunction with other trace gases, an atmospheric OCS lifetime of 2.1 ± 1.3 years, and lowermost stratospheric OCS lifetime of 47 ± 16 years were determined. A total flux of 137 GgS a−1 of OCS from the troposphere into the stratosphere was estimated, and the stratospheric sink estimate yielded 55 ± 23 GgS a−1 of OCS. The 60% smaller sink can be interpreted as 82 GgS a−1 OCS which is transported back from the stratosphere into the troposphere.


In this study of the relationship between personality and autonomic reactivity to stress, a small group, 6 of 46 college students, were outstanding psychologically. They received the highest ratings for Intimacy and Involvement which referred to an overall judgment regarding the degree and quality of healthy intimacy in personal relationships and the extent and nature of involvement and commitment to ideas and activities. They showed the most marked psychophysiological reactivity to laboratory stress, including the fact that while in the threatening situation being free to fantasy led to a rise in their autonomic indicators of anxiety. Other students utilized the fantasy defensively to bind anxiety, and their physiological indicators fell. The small, most reactive group also tended to show superior visual-motor performance. The data were interpreted to mean that the greater physiological reactivity was a function of the more intense involvement in the novel and realistically nonthreatening laboratory situ...


This paper evaluates the eects of market dominance on …rms'propensity to innovate and productivity in a panel of 77 pharmaceutical …rms for the period 1975-1991. While a higher market-share leads to a weaker propensity to innovate, incumbents …rms are found to be persistent innovators and notably, persistent sources of quality-patenting. Neverthe- less, incumbent …rms are subject to decreasing R&D productivity likely related to possible diseconomies of scale and organizational inertia.


During the exploitation one problem still unsolved is that of determining reliability characteristics for single (individual or small set) technical object. This particularly concerns identification of damage set (parametrical and momentary) as well as determination of substitute cardinality of objects set, where in fact this equals 1, 2, 3 at the most. The article presents a method of determining parametrical and momentary damages from iteration equations:


This manuscript explores the collision dynamics of eight ion-dipole systems using potential of mean force (PMF) calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Collision probability maps are obtained by MD to determine the dynamic collision cross sections. The collision rate coefficient results obtained by PFM and MD are compared to the classic Su and Chesnavich and the Langevin-Gioumousis-Stevenson models. The manuscript is in general well written and well organized and manages to provide an understanding of the conditions that PMF calculations and central field models can be used reliably for the determination of the collision rate coefficient.


The analysis of the Zeeman effect in diatomic molecules gives rise to parameters that describe small but significant deviations of the molecular electronic g-factor from its free electron counterpart. In order to account for these deviations, correction terms to the standard Zeeman Hamiltonian have been evaluated in first-order perturbation theory. Results obtained from SCF and correlated multi-reference configuration interaction wavefunctions are presented for the molecules NO, O{sub 2}, and SO. 27 refs., 2 tabs.


The paper examines the phenomenon of retrogaming in the context of virtual reality. Author begins by introducing two categories of gaming nostalgia (homoand hetero-medial) and argues that almost none of the existing VR experiences belong to the former category. In the next part of the paper, he applies two distinctions used by scholars to analyze nostalgia and discuss four case studies illustrating each of them. Author argues that in all of these cases the main focus of the developers concerns the external circumstances that the games of the past were played and not the games themselves (a factor that Mark P. Wolf called a "mode of exhibition"). He finishes the paper by discussing two problematic cases of retro VR experiences that do not fit the classification used previously. He argues that both of these cases simulate the mode of exhibition of contemporary retro practices.


Excerpt To the editor: Understanding what patients are trying to tell us(1) is a critical aspect of the art of medicine and is better learned by listening to a patient than by reading a text. The s...


To the popularity and the characters of hybrid index optimization problems,an evolutionary optimization method is proposed.The definition of hybrid index optimization problems is given.A strategy for converting the indexes for different styles and graduation,a method for evaluating individual's fitness and the flow chart of the evolutionary optimization of hybrid index optimization problems are provided.The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is validated through a fashion design which is a typical hybrid index optimization problem.


Performance is emphasized by government performance management and performance audit in common.With the new military economic transformation,the new thought of military performance audit innovation is put forward by consulting the advanced conception and methods of the government performance management in the article.


We use a quantum-mechanical model to study the gate tunneling current of Hf-based dielectric films for nanoscale MOSFET. The present approach is capable of modeling high-k stack structures consisting of multiple layers of different dielectrics. Effects of nitrogen content and other element contents on the gate tunneling current have been studied theoretically. Our results show that the reduction of the gate tunneling current can be optimized in terms of the nitrogen content and aluminum content.


This paper develops an unbiased finite impulse response (UFIR) filtering algorithm for networked systems where uncertain delays and packet dropouts can happen due to measurement failures and unreliable communication. The binary Bernoulli distribution with known delay probability is used to model the randomly arrived measures. A novel representation of the stochastic model is presented for FIR-type filter structures. To avoid packet dropouts and improve the estimation accuracy when a message arrives with no data, a predictive algorithm is used. An advantage of the UFIR filtering approach is demonstrated by comparing the mean square errors with the Kalman and H∞ filters under the same conditions. Experimental verifications are provided based on GPS vehicle tracking.


Interactive activities in textbooks and online courses are no longer just decorative, but have become compelling tools for engaging students. This BOF, lead by professors and authors with experience in designing complex interactive tutoring materials, invites interested instructors and authors to discuss best practices in designing activities, integrating them into courses, and measuring outcomes.


The struggle of parties is unfavorable to the stability of social security policies.Social security policies of American pre-president Clinton are that the most financial budget surplus add to social security funds, and develop community welfare. The social security policies of president Bush is to reduce financial budget surplus by reducing tax, to ensure privatization of social security, and develop flexible employees' pension schemes.


The global asymptotical synchronization problem is discussed for a general class of uncertain stochastic discrete-time neural networks with time delay in this paper.Time delays include time-varying delay and distributed delay.A better controller is designed for synchronization.Based on the drive-response concept and the Lyapunov stability theorem,a linear matrix inequality(LMI) approach is exploited to establish sufficient conditions under which the considered neural networks are globally asymptotically synchronized in the mean square.


We illustrate the ability of the stochastic gradient variational Bayes algorithm, which is a very popular machine learning tool, to work with macrodata and macromodels. Choosing two approximations (mean-field and normalizing flows), we test properties of algorithms for a set of models and show that these models can be estimated fast despite the presence of estimated hyperparameters. Finally, we discuss the difficulties and possible directions of further research. JEL-classification: C11, C32, C32, C45, E17.


The ultrasonic testing (UT) technique of 900MW turbine nodular iron bearing is introduced, the ultrasonic velocity of nodular iron is tested and the relationship between ultrasonic speed and nodular rate is analyzed according to the testing results , which can be supplied as reference to the quality control of other nodular iron.


_______________________________________________________________ VIII ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ________________________________________________________ X CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ________________________________________________ 1 1.1 IONIZATION TECHNIQUES _____________________________________________________ 2 1.2 TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETERS _______________________________________________ 7 1.3 ELUCIDATION OF GAS PHASE FRAGMENTATION MECHANISMS BY MASS SPECTROMETRY AND COMPUTATIONAL STUDY _______________________________________________________ 11 1.4 IDENTIFICATION OF TWO UNUSUAL ANION REARRANGEMENT IN THE GASPHASE____________ 18 1.5 COMPUTATIONAL METHODS__________________________________________________ 20 1.5.1 Basis set ___________________________________________________________ 21 1.5.2 Theoretical model ____________________________________________________ 23 REFERENCES FOR CHAPTER ONE_________________________________________________ 25 CHAPTER TWO: EVIDENCE OF AN INTRAMOLECULAR NUCLEOPHILIC AROMATIC SUBSTITUTION: AN EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL STUDY OF THE GAS-PHASE REARRANGEMENT OF AZO DYES______________________________________________ 28 ABSTRACT _________________________________________________________________ 28 2.


Experiments were conducted in the forest zone of Ghana from 1997 to 1999 to assess the performance of two cassava varieties intercropped with maize, soybean and cowpea at different spatial arrangements. The cassava varieties were "Gblemoduade" and "Ankra" and spatial arrangements were (S1) one row cassava, one row maize, one row soybean, two rows cowpea; (S2) one row cassava, one row maize, two rows soybean, three rows cowpea; and (S3) one row cassava, one row maize, three rows soybean, four rows cowpea. Cowpea rows were planted in the minor season into cassava as a succeeding crop to maize and soybean after their harvest in the major season. Intercropping reduced root yield by 22-37% in "Gblemoduade" and 43-51% in "Ankra" compared to sole crops. "Gblemoduade", on the average, yielded two and half times greater than Ankra under intercrop (24.8 vs 9.1 t ha -1 ) and monocrop (36.9 vs 17.4 t ha -1 ) as a result of larger number of roots, heavier and bigger roots than "Ankra". Cassava yield decreased as the number of rows of soybean or cowpea increased. Root yields were similar for S2 and S3 (22.3 and 23.2 t ha -1 for "Gblemoduade" and 8.6 and 8.9 t ha -1 for "Ankra", respectively), but were smaller than yields at S1 (28.8 t ha -1 and 9.9 t ha -1 for "Gblemoduade" and "Ankra", respectively). "Gblemoduade" was more aggressive (a strong competitor) than "Ankra" in the system while, both cassava varieties increased in aggressivity with decreased number of soybean or cowpea rows in the mixture (i.e. S1=S2 > S3). Among the crops, maize was more competitive to cassava than soybean and cowpea. Thus, the performance of cassava can be improved by planting 1 row each of cassava, maize and soybean followed by 2 rows of cowpea (after maize and soybean harvest) and by growing the improved variety "Gblemoduade". Keywords : intercropping, cassava, maize, soybean, cowpea Agricultural and Food Science Journal of Ghana Vol. 3 2004: 193-202


Abstract Group VII of North American Ips contains I. thomasi, new species, I. borealis Swaine and I. swainei R. Hopping. They are less than 4.0 mm. long and females have the front of the head or at least the vertex smooth and shining, impunctate, or with very fine sparse punctures; males are more coarsely granulate-punctate on the frons. The species are described and a key is given. All breed in Picea in Canada and northern United States.


o. Synostosis was observed in the distal of radius and ulna by radiographic examinations. The synostosis was separated with the operation under general anaesthesia. Cuneiform osteotomy was performed for the deformity in distal radius and transversal osteotomy was made for distal ulna. Autogenous fat tissue harvested in gluteal region was placed between radius and ulna in order to prevent reformation of synostosis. Radial fixation was performed by placing two cross pins through both distal and proximal fragments, and by means of a bone plate and screws. The dog walked normally in the end of first month. It was determined that fracture union was completed in the end of first month, and synostosis did not reformed. Fixation devices were removed at the end of the fourth month. As a results, cuneiform osteotomy was effective in correction of the deformity of radius and ulna, and usage of autogenous fat tissue was useful in preventing reformation of synostosis.


An embodiment of the invention provides a memory management method, a memory management device and a non uniform memory access (NUMA) system. The memory management method includes that a memory distribution request message sent by a processor is received, and the memory distribution request message comprises memory requirement information; according to the memory requirement information, whether a memory controller meeting the memory requirement information exists in a local processing node of the processor is determined; and if the memory controller exists, a memory management area meeting the memory requirement information is determined in the memory controller meeting the memory requirement information, and memory corresponding to the memory management area meeting the memory requirement information is distributed to the processor. By determining and distributing the memory management area meeting requirements in the memory controller meeting the requirements to a required processor, determination of the memory controller and the memory management area in a processing node which does not meet the requirements is not required, a memory area meeting the requirements can be found fast, and memory distribution efficiency is improved.


The efficiency is a primary evaluating indicator for oil transportation pump. The quality of measured parameters influences the system efficiency greatly.The analysis compendium of uncertainty was introduced. Then, three oil transportation pumps is employed as an example to illustrate the proposed method.


Background/Objectives: Relevance of the work is determined by the fact that one of municipal authorities' tasks is to create conditions for a comfortable residence of the citizens. The article deals with the procedure for evaluation and selection of investment projects relating to municipal solid waste management. Methods: The main methods for the evaluation and selection of investment projects are expert method enabling to evaluate the social significance of the project; risk assessment method based on the theory of fuzzy sets to overcome the drawbacks of the probabilistic and the minimax approaches; Pareto method to form a set of projects according to the attractiveness and the risk criteria; cluster analysis to allocate implementation priority to the projects. Findings: A methodology of socially significant investment projects selection in the field of municipal solid waste is provided, taking into account the social, environmental, and economic impacts of the projects implementation. The social significance of investment projects must be the main criteria for their selection. An investment program for the development of municipal solid waste management is drawn up based on the selected investment projects. Improvements/Application: The technique allows forming a municipal program of investment in the development of the municipal solid waste sphere, which for the first time takes into account the social, environmental, and economic imperatives as a whole, based on public-private partnership.


Objective : To know the incidence of diabetic retinopathy and associated risk factors in diabetic  patients eye screening in Chaophrayayomraj hospital. Design : Case control study Methods : By reviewing medical records of diabetic patients who underwent screening for diabetic  retinopathy (DR) from 1 st October 2008 - 30 th September 2009 in term of age, sex, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1C, duration of illness and other diseases. Results : Two-thousand five hundred eighty eight medical records were reviewed. The incidence Of  DR was 19.1%. Age ≥ 35 years, HbA1C Level ≥ 6.5%, FPG ≥ 126 mg/dl and duration of illness ≥ 15 years were significant risks whereas sex and co-morbidities ; hypertension (HT), dyslipidemia (DLP) were not relating factors in diabetic patients who had retinopathy. Conclusion : Eye screening examination should be included in all diabetic patients who have risks  for DR for prevention of visual loss. Keywords : Diabetes mellitus, diabetic retinopathy, screening examination


We describe here how one can obtain upper and lower bounds of the average value of a function f(E)¯ in terms of the bounds of the variable E and Ē, E2¯.


The Declaration on 'the responsibility to protect' (R2P), unanimously endorsed by the Security Council in April 2006, identified both national and international responsibilities in relation to genocide, ethnic cleansing, war crimes and crimes against humanity. This was highly significant in appearing to accept that the prevention of mass atrocities was a legitimate international concern. Subsequently, there has been some disappointment about the limited practical impact of R2P, and also anxiety that its progress may be impeded by the fear that it is designed to legitimise military intervention. However, this article concentrates on a different concern. Arguing that an earlier version of R2P (in the International Commission on Intervention and Sovereignty of 2001) linked the issues with those of human security and development, it suggests that the contemporary focus is far narrower, undermining its critical potential with regard to the policies of the global North and reducing its appeal to developing countries.


The life cycle of plant, from seed germination, seedling growth, flowering to fruiting, depends on the suitable environment conditions. Plants have a remarkable capacity to occupy ecological niches that are shaped by their edaphic, climatic and biotic environments with extremes that have cyclic patterns, occur very infrequently or heterogeneously, or are chronic. Natural genetic variation for adaptation and acclimation mechanisms provide this inherent ecological niche capacity. To survive in an extreme environment, the growth pattern and flowering time of plants are changed by the organ evolution, even the life cycle, to adapt the special habitats. The evolved organs and living characteristics of these species also make the special habitats become their living environment for the reproduction and propagation. For adaptive phenotypic plasticity to evolve, individuals must be capable of responding to predictable environmental signals, and plastic genotypes must have a fitness advantage over genotypes that are incapable of altering their phenotypes. Plasticity in phenotypic traits can be heritable and subject to natural selection. One important feature distinguishing plants from other complex multicellular organisms is that plants are sessile and thus have to endure environmental challenges such as soil salinity, drought and cold temperatures. Water is an important component of living organisms, in addition to maintaining cell turgor, and metabolism of organism required. When plants suffer from drought stress, the reduction of photosynthesis is beneficial to reduce the damage of ROS to the cells. Photosynthetic metabolism in the chloroplasts of C3 plants applies highly cooperative regulation to minimize the fluctuation of metabolite concentration profiles in the face of transient perturbations. Highly cooperative regulation assures the robustness of the biological system and that there is closer cooperation under perturbation conditions than under normal conditions. Minimizing fluctuations in the profiles of metabolite concentrations is the key to maintaining a system's function. Although salt, water and cold stresses are clearly different from each other in their physical nature and each elicits specific plant responses, they also activate some common reactions in plants. The most widely studied common response is the induction of some plant genes by environmental stresses. Plant research dedicated to the understanding of mechanisms allowing plant to adjust to environmental constraints is amongst the most significant research domains both in quantity and quality. Plants provide unique opportunities to study the mechanistic basis and evolutionary processes of adaptation to diverse environmental conditions. Though various abiotic stresses negatively impact plant growth and productivity of crops, plants have adapted to respond to these stresses at the molecular, cellular, physiological, and biochemical level, enabling them to survive. Understanding stress signaling and responses will increase our ability to improve stress resistance in crops to achieve agricultural sustainability and food security for a growing world population.


Objective Evaluation of comprehensive rehabilitation of proximal femoral fracture patients on therapeutic effect.Methods 90 cases with surgical treatment of 75 years of age or older patients with proximal femoral fractures.Exclusion criteria: pathological fracture,bilateral femur fractures,or previous contralateral hip fracture,dementia,cognitive impairment.Whether the system according to postoperative rehabilitation into rehabilitation of 46 cases,44 cases of control group;rehabilitation group were taken to early rehabilitation and training system,the control group after conventional rehabilitation.Two groups were compared and the complication rate.Results All patients were followed up for 6 months after operation,the rehabilitation group incidence of complications was 16%,significantly less than the control group,the incidence rate of 36%(P0.05);excellent rehabilitation group was 89% higher than the 68 %(P0.05).Conclusion Surgical treatment of elderly hip fracture can be a reliable fixed,system rehabilitation is an important measure to ensure the efficacy,help accelerate postoperative functional rehabilitation of patients,improve the quality of life.


The 2d order photon decay to two magnons of equal and opposite wave-vector in ferromagnetic resonance is discussed, with emphasis on two applications: the remagnetization of dilute assemblies of magnetic nanoparticles with high power microwave fields, and the isolation and measurement of magnetic overprints.


Microcompartments are useful for the storage, controlled reaction, and release of active compounds. However, the useful lifetime of a microcompartment is generally ended when it ruptures. Here, a self‐repairing microcompartment is proposed whose dynamic polymer shell can seal after rupturing, thus extending the lifetime of the capsule and allowing for multiple mechanically‐stimulated release events. The dynamic polymer shell is created in a one‐step approach through the formation of a double network polymer in the oil phase of a double emulsion template made by microfluidics. Of the two networks, a permanently‐crosslinked network is introduced to elastically restore the shape of the microcompartment, while a dynamically‐crosslinked network forms new bonds across crack interfaces. By quantifying the timescales required for the formation of new dynamic bonds within ruptured shells, strong microcompartments with predictable strength recovery and self‐repairing capabilities are successfully prepared and used to demonstrate the possibility of mechanically‐stimulated multiple release of cargo molecules.


An innovative approach to identify new conformational antigens of Aβ1–42 recognized by IgG autoantibodies as biomarkers of state and stage in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients is described. In particular, through the use of bioinformatics modeling, conformational similarities between several Aβ1–42 forms and other amyloid-like proteins with F1 capsular antigen (Caf1) of Yersinia pestis were first found. pVIII M13 phage display libraries were then screened against YPF19, anti-Caf1 monoclonal antibody, and IgGs of AD patients, in alternate biopanning cycles of a so-called "double binding" selection. From the selected phage clones, one, termed 12III1, was found to be able to prevent in vitro Aβ1–42-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells, as well as to promote disaggregation of preformed fibrils, to a greater extent with respect to wild-type phage (pC89). IgG levels detected by 12III1 provided a significant level of discrimination between diseased and nondemented subjects, as well as a good correlation with the state progression of the disease. These results give significant impact in AD state and stage diagnosis, paving the way for the development not only for an innovative blood diagnostic assay for AD precise diagnosis, progressive clinical assessment, and screening but also for new effective treatments.


The preparation, and a detailed study of electrical conduction properties, of Li0.75[Pt(S2C4N2)2]·2H2O are described. The electrical conduction properties are compared with those of other one-dimensional metals.


The vehicle of the invention is designed for non-autonomous organisms of the animal kingdom, such as gametes and embryos must be maintained alive out of their natural environment for human intervention, and is likely to be kept ready for use over extended periods. This is an aqueous medium comprising, further including nutrition agents (sugars and amino acids), buffers, and inorganic salts conventionally used, a protective product formed as embryonic growth medium by a living organism, which, the state of the art, is of animal origin and added extemporaneously to the use of the vehicle and which, according to the invention is a lecithin derived from soybeans and introduced into the aqueous medium to the vehicle formulation. When the conservation of microorganisms is cryogenic, glycerol is added to the vehicle. In a particular application, microorganisms are sperm cattle.


High-assurance embedded systems are deployed for decades and expensive to re-certify – hence, each new attack is an unpatchable problem that can only be detected by monitoring out-of-band channels such as the system's power trace or electromagnetic emissions. Micro-Architectural attacks, for example, have recently come to prominence since they break all existing software-isolation based security – for example, by hammering memory rows to gain root privileges or by abusing speculative execution and shared hardware to leak secret data. This work is the first to use anomalies in an embedded system's power trace to detect evasive micro-architectural attacks. To this end, we introduce power-mimicking micro-architectural attacks – including DRAM-rowhammer attacks, side/covert-channel and speculation-driven attacks – to study their evasiveness. We then quantify the operating range of the power-anomalies detector using the Odroid XU3 board – showing that rowhammer attacks cannot evade detection while covert channel and speculation-driven attacks can evade detection but are forced to operate at a 36× and 7× lower bandwidth. Our power-anomaly detector is efficient and can be embedded-of-band into (e.g.,) programmable batteries. While rowhammer, side-channel, and speculation-driven attack defenses require invasive code- and hardware-changes in general-purpose systems, we show that power-anomalies are a simple and effective defense for embedded systems. Power-anomalies can help future-proof embedded systems against vulnerabilities that are likely to emerge as new hardware like phase-change memories and accelerators become mainstream.


PURPOSE
Determine if different technology-based health education interventions can reduce oral health inequalities between the sexes in a sample of adolescents.

METHODS
A cluster randomized clinical trial was conducted in three phases with an initial sample of 291 male and female adolescents 14 to 19 years of age. Phase I (n=288) comprised a clinical examination performed by a calibrated examiner using the simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S) and gingival bleeding index (GBI). Phase II involved two educational interventions: video (VD; n=147) or oral counseling (OR; n=141) with standardized content. In phase III, an App was made available to half of the clusters (OR+App; n=66/ OR without App; n=71 / VD+App; n=63/ VD without App; n=63) and the clinical examination was performed a second time. Data were evaluated using descriptive analysis and nonparametric tests.

RESULTS
In phase I, boys had a lower standard of oral hygiene compared to girls, with higher mean OHI-S (P=0.039) and GBI (P=0.015). After VD and OR interventions, no significant difference between sexes was found regarding the mean OHI-S. However, males had a higher mean GBI compared to females in the OR group (P=0.006). When the App was added to OR and VD groups, males in the "OR without App" group had a higher mean GBI compared to females (P=0.007).

CONCLUSION
This clinical trial demonstrated that educational interventions involving information technologies were effective at reducing oral health inequalities between the sexes among adolescents. However, oral counseling alone was not efficient in reducing GBI in male adolescents.


Small prairie wetlands left in the wake of retreating glaciers are commonly known as potholes. The US prairie pothole region (PPR), the area covered by late Wisconsin Pleistocene glaciation and historically dominated by tall and mixed grasslands, covers north central Iowa and western Minnesota, the area of North and South Dakota east and north of the Missouri River, and northeastern Montana. Potholes formed when ice blocks buried in glacial till melted over a period of hundreds or thousands of years and the till slumped creating a closed depression. Prairie potholes are highly productive ecosystems of unparalleled importance to breeding waterfowl and many other species of wetland wildlife. Moreover, they are important nutrient sinks, store runoff that reduces flooding, sequester carbon, and provide other environmental and socioeconomic values. Prairie potholes are also perceived to reduce agricultural land value and to impede large-scale mechanized farming. Prairie potholes are routinely classified by how long they remain ponded during the growing season, from temporary potholes (ponded for 1 to 3 weeks) to seasonal potholes (ponded for 3 weeks to 90 days) to semipermanent potholes that are usually ponded throughout the growing season and may have surface water present for many consecutive years (Stewart and


There has been a recent increase in the number of published design patterns for hypermedia. Some of these patterns have been evolving, while others have remained untouched. This paper attempts to list all the patterns currently known, tracing the different publications in which they have appeared. The patterns are scrutinized and refined: some patterns are unified into one; some are deemed special cases of other patterns; some patterns are renamed. At the same time, we propose to rewrite the patterns in a vocabulary that is uniform, and to use similar pattern templates. We then discuss the creation of a design patterns system, which organizes the patterns and assists the designer in the process of recognizing the problems and their potential solutions. Finally we propose a subset of the patterns which should conform a catalog of basic patterns; this catalog will attempt to address the most common problems found during the design of hypermedia applications.


Physiological plasticity of insects can be closely related with their epigenetic change. This hypothesis was tested using a polyphagous lepidopteran insect, Spodoptera exigua, by assessing the effects of different diets on development and DNA methylation. Three different diets (Welsh onion (WO), Chinese cabbage (CC), artificial diet (AD)) were assessed by feeding a cohort of larvae from neonate to last instar. There were significant differences in larval developmental rate, pupal weight and adult emergence according to diet treatments. AD-fed larvae exhibited the fastest developmental rate along with the highest pupal weight and adult emergence. Among natural hosts, WO was more favorable for development of S. exigua than CC. Total hemolymph proteins and sugars in the last instar larvae were varied among different diets. Gene expression of an insulin-like peptide (SeILP1) presumably associated with development was also varied among diets. Cytosine methylation of genomic DNA was assessed using a monoclonal antibody. Genomic DNA of S. exigua larvae was methylated. DNA methylation was apparently varied among different diet-fed larvae. The facts that a cohort of S. exigua was differentiated in developmental rate and cytosine methylation by different diets suggest that epigenetic factor(s) may play a crucial role in the physiological plasticity.


A method is proposed for finding the partial inelasticity coefficient K0 in individual events in hadron-nucleus collisions at superhigh energies. Its use ensures that the methodological errors are considerably smaller than in other methods. The value of K0 is found by measuring the fraction of the energy of the electron-nuclear cascade produced in dense matter by the primary hadron which is transferred to electron-photon showers and the energy going into nuclear disintegrations.


Objective To explore the clinical application characteristics of three different kinds of esophageal stent.Methods Esophageal stent of Z-type hol-membrana tectoria,knitting-type membrana tectoria and braid-type membrana tectoria were inserted in 153 cases with perspective who had different kinds of esophageal carcinoma narrow,complicating tracheal fistula or mediastinum fistula.Results All stents were released once successfully,and the patients all had different ache after operation.There were 7 cases of esophageal stent shifting in which 2 of Z-type superior displacement,3 of braid-type inferior displacement and 2 of knitting-type inferior displacement.Conclusion All of the three types of membrana tectoria esophageal stent adapt to relieve the esophageal carcinoma narrow obstruction and make the orificium fistulae seal.The insertion and dislodge of each type have their own characteristics.


brilliant and simple exposition of modern Socialist teaching. It sets out plainly the essentials of the Socialist idea, and indicates clearly the relations of the main Socialist groups to one another, and to the general. trend of modern thought. Certain popular misconceptions of Socialist teaching are put right, and the chief arguments against its Propositions considered and dealt with.


Autophagy is a normal process occurring in our body to maintain cellular homeostasis but it is up-regulated during stress condition inside the cell. It is a highly conserved and regulated process which involves lysosomal mediated degradation of damaged and faulty components and recycle or reuses when needed. Despite its role in degradation it has its connection with various diseases like cancer, neurodegeneration, muscle disease, liver disease, cardiac disease and many more. The process of autophagy consist of various steps and each step is regulated by various regulatory proteins which is found to be deleted or mutated when present in disease. This review has focus on the process of autophagy and its regulation along with its connection with various diseases. Few examples might be paving a way for innovative remedy for treating many diseases


This paper deals with a class of singular nonlinear polyharmonic
equations on the unit ball B in ℝ n  ( n ≥ 2 ) where the combined effects of a singular and a sublinear term
allow us by using the Schauder fixed point theorem to establish an
existence result for the following problem: ( − Δ ) m u = φ ( ⋅ , u ) + ψ ( ⋅ , u ) in B (in the sense of distributions), u > 0 , lim  | x | → 1 u ( x ) / ( 1 − | x | ) m − 1 = 0 . Our approach is based on estimates
for the polyharmonic Green function on B with zero Dirichlet boundary conditions.


The agriculture industry's water footprint is expected to play an increasingly important role in the future. A responsible footprint will add markedly to water conservation in a dry country such as South Africa, Dr Henry Jordaan, senior lecturer at the University of the Free State's Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, told Annelie Coleman.


Abstract : The purpose of this project was to develop and evaluate an Internet-based psychosocial intervention for women with primary breast cancer. During the project (10/1/99 to 9/31/02), the following tasks were completed: (1) 9 women participated in a pilot of the Internet-based psychosocial intervention, and 92 women were randomized to the Internet- based psychosocial intervention or usual care (wait-list control group); (2) analyses of data collected from participants were completed; (3) preliminary text analyses of the support group messages were completed. Results: The analyses found that in comparison to wait-list control group participants, intervention group participants significantly reduced their depression, post-traumatic stress, and general stress scores. Significance: Women with primary breast cancer are able to participate in Internet-based psychosocial interventions and receive substantial benefits from their participation. Participants with very little computer experience were able to rapidly learn how to use the intervention website. They found that the group offered them a forum for providing and receiving emotional support, forming new friendships, understanding that their problems were not unique, confronting difficult problems and fears, and discussing sexual concerns with other group participants. This study adds to the growing literature on the benefits of psychosocial interventions for primary breast cancer patients.


Introduction Part I. Pre-Trial Plays: 1. The staging of dispute settlement 2. Initiating justice: threat, summons, and arrest Part II. Reconciliation and its Rhetoric: 3. Private arbitration and reconciliation in Athens and Rome 4. Scenarios of arbitration and reconciliation in New Comedy 5. Redress for sexual offences in Athenian and Roman law 6. The resolution of seduction and rape in New Comedy 7. Arguing behind closed doors Part III. Playing on the Boundaries of the Law: 8. Entrapment and framing Appendices: 1. Official arbitration in the Attic orators 2. Private arbitrations and reconciliations in Athens 3. Remedies for enslavement, kidnapping and slave-stealing in Athens and Rome 4. Controversial summonses in Rudens and Persa 5. Threats of lawsuits and self-help remedies in Graeco-Roman New Comedy 6. Ambiguous arbitri in Roman comedy 7. Moikhos and moikheia.


A fistula between the internal carotid artery and the cavernous sinus is usually caused by trauma but may result from spontaneous rupture of an aneurysm, as a rule an arteriosclerotic one. Irrespective of the pathogenesis, arterial blood will be shunted in retrograde direction from the cavernous sinus into the superior ophthalmic vein. This results in exophthalmos, which may be pulsating, and in engorgement of superficial and retinal veins. Other symptoms, such as frontal pain, pulse-synchronous noises in the head and palsies of ocular muscles may occur. Usually the exophthalmos appears on the side of the fistula, but simultaneous or subsequent involvement of the opposite orbit is common, due to the presence of connections between the cavernous sinuses on both sides. The exophthalmos may be mainly or exclusively contralateral. This is a rare finding as demonstrated by the fact that in reports on this phenomenon each author has presented only one case of his own. In this paper the literature will be reviewed and a new case, in which the mechanisms were elucidated by carotid angiography, will be reported.


Introduction: partnership with children - the advancing trend, Ronald Davie. Part 1 Professional perspectives: the law in relation to the wishes and feelings of the child, Michael Sherwin listening to children in educational contexts, Irvine Gersch et al a social work perspective, Peter Smith eliciting children's views - the contribution of psychologists, Neil Hall the voice of the child in mental health practice, Danya Glaser learning to listen to children, Euan Ross. Part 2 Generic issues: listening to children with disabilities and special educational needs, Philippa Russell listening to and communicating with very young children, Gillian Pugh and Dorothy Rouse Selleck gender issues, Gill Gorell-Barnes race and the child's perspective, Kedar N. Dwivedi.


American Foreign Policy Interests independence. Another factor making a military confrontation unlikely in the near future is that China is now faced with substantial domestic challenges that occupy a higher priority than Taiwan—problems such as cushioning the adverse impact of China's entry into the World Trade Organization, maintaining political stability, dealing with corruption, reducing unemployment, phasing out inefficient state-owned enterprises, and reducing the gap in development between China's coastal and inland provinces. Finally, the PRC has recently gone to great lengths to improve its relations with all of its neighbors and with the United States. To undertake a conflict with Taiwan or to engage in ominous threats would endanger China's relations throughout East Asia and especially with the United States. Although a crisis in the Taiwan Strait is not likely in the near future, the long-range trends continue to be worrisome. Without a breakthrough on the critical political issues and a restoration of the official dialogue, the Cross-Strait relationship is likely to become increasingly militarized and confrontational. It is hoped that the mainland's recent invitation to members of the DPP to visit the mainland signals the beginning of a more conciliatory PRC approach to Taiwan that will result in the restoration of official dialogue. Once that dialogue is resumed, the best hope for peace and stability is that the two sides agree to defer the issue of sovereignty, tourism, cultural and academic exchanges, oil exploration, and illegal immigration. They need to develop a mechanism for dealing with these issues, and if they can, this might lead to an increase in mutual trust. As far as the United States is concerned, it should continue to encourage by every possible means a peaceful resolution of the dispute, one that has the support of other Asia-Pacific nations as well as, it is hoped, China and Taiwan. Therefore, the United States should continue to oppose any declaration of independence by Taiwan and any use of force by China, and should continue to uphold the thesis that any resolution of the issue must have the support of the people of Taiwan. Book Brief


Classification is a crucial subject in data mining and machine learning, that's been studied extensively and has a wide range of applications. Classification based on association rules, otherwise known as associative classification, is usually a technique that uses association rules to create classifier. CMAR employs a novel data structure, association rule, to compactly store and efficiently retrieve many rules for classification. Association rule is really a prefix rule structure to research the sharing among rules, which achieves substantial compactness. To speed in the mining of complete pair of rules, CMAR adopts a variant of recently developed FP growth method. FP-growth is quite a bit faster than Apriori-like methods utilized in previous association-based classification, for example particularly there exist a huge number of rules, large training data sets, and long pattern rules. We use classification using association rules not just to solve classification problems, but that compares the standard of different association rule mining approaches. Therein context we show which the quality of rule sets in the standard algorithm for association rule mining might be improved using a different association rule mining strategy Above classification minute rates are 80%( MAX) hence the 20% data are unclassified. This is the challenge in the field of data classification. In this paper, we used multiple relational Bayesian classification algorithm depending on genetic algorithm employed for optimization of classification rate, generated by association rule.


Retiring from CU for PERA participants [1] Your benefits don't end when retirement begins. Learn more about what CU and PERA can do for you! You've worked hard for the University of Colorado – and if you're contemplating retirement, we want you to know how CU can work for you. At first glance, making these foundational plans for your upcoming retirement might feel overwhelming. Employees are urged to begin planning their transition into retirement 3-5 years before their anticipated retirement date. A crucial part of that planning includes taking steps to ensure your ongoing benefits coverage. Retirement Ready Courses There are many things to consider, but these digital courses, in English and en Español, will break the process down into actionable steps that can make your journey into retirement as smooth as possible.


For   many   years   ago,   handwriting   is   a   challenger interest,   both   online   and   off   line   recognition   of   the handwriting   are   largely   presented   in   literature.   Latin script   studies  were   largely  presented  using  UNIPEN or IRONOFF   databases.   But   Arabic   studies   were   poorly presented   in   literature   because   there   are   no   common Arabic  data bases.   In   this  paper,  we present  an Arabic data base which called LMCA (in Frensh  it   is  "Lettres, Mots et Chiffres Arabe") and composed of letters, words and digits. We present also some related works using this database. Note that LCMA database can be used in online or in off line recognition of the Arabic handwritten script.


Background: Clinical wastes are potentially toxic elements (PTE) and harmful microorganisms which can infect health workers and their patients. They comprise both biodegradable and nonbiodegradable elements. Clinical waste management (CWM) is the control of all waste generated in the hospitals using professional methods that help to prevent the spread of ailments. This study therefore evaluated the concentration of potentially toxic elements (PTE) in the clinical dumpsites in Ebonyi State. Materials and Methods: The PTE studied were chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), and nickel (Ni). Samples were collected from three major hospitals namely Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (FETHA), Rural Improvement Mission (RIM), and Matar Hospitals in Ebonyi North, Central and South senatorial zones respectively. A total of fifteen samples were collected in addition to control samples. Four samples from each of the hospital dumpsites. The samples were dried, digested, filtered, and analyzed for PTE using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Shimadzu; AA-7000). Results: At FETHA, the concentration of Cr was 37.00 mg/kg while lead concentration varied from 51.00-19.40 mg/kg and Ni concentration ranged from 9.60-21.74 mg/kg. At R.I.M Hospital, the concentration of Cr varied from 18.50-37.00 mg/kg, the Pb concentration varied from 51.00-207.40 Original Research Article Eze et al.; AJMPCP, 3(3): 8-14, 2020; Article no.AJMPCP.58800 9 mg/kg while Ni concentration ranged from 7.20-21.70 mg/kg. The concentration of Cr at Matar hospital was observed to be relatively constant at 18.51 mg/kg while the concentration of Pb varied from 6.48-2832.00 mg/kg, and Ni concentration ranged from 2.40-14.50 mg/kg. The result also showed that in the control samples, Cr concentration ranged from 0.07-0.50 mg/kg, while the concentration of Pb and Ni varied from 0.40-0.96 mg/kg, and from 0.07-0.06 mg/kg respectively. Conclusion: The concentration of PTEs in the clinical waste dumpsites of these facilities was high and therefore constituted a potential health risk to man and his environment. Environmental health officers should be charged with more responsibilities to ensure healthy environment and safety.


Poster was presented and I attended a number of formal sessions at the conference. The conference also provided an opportunity to re-connect more informally with colleagues (old and new) to discuss ideas surrounding the history of theory in psychology.


Since the change of the school system from three-year schooling to flur-year schooling, the common protruding contradiction existed in u-niversities or colleges is the insufficient quantity and low quality of the library collection of books.To strengthen the libratv construction is the important basis to provide information service for our society.The important basis to provide information service for our society.The important way to solve this problem is to establish a scientific guiding ideology,to increase the invest in the purchase of books,to share the imformation resources with the others and to raise the quality of the library col lection of books.


China is a big producer and consumer of pears, and Chinese pear industry has long been based on labor as the main productive force. With the decline of the demographic dividend, labor costs have gradually increased, and labor efficiency has gradually become difficult to meet the needs of modern production. The development of a pear picking robot and its application to actual picking operations is an urgent research. Based on the investigation of the planting environment of pear orchards, this paper designs and builds a pear picking robot. The picking robot consists of a right-angle mechanical arm, a moving system, a control system, and a visual recognition system. On account of the deep learning algorithm, it can accurately identify and locate the pears, and then pick the fruit in a way that the external force is released, so as to realize the damage free picking of the pears. The Outdoor picking experiment shows that the picking robot designed in this paper has a good picking rate in different time periods.


Here, we report a case of metastatic Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)‐related primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma‐like carcinoma (PPLELC) in a young, nonsmoking female who responded well to treatment with two types of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). This is the first case report of a favorable outcome to ICIs in the late‐line treatment of advanced PPLELC patients with programmed cell death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression.


Dihydropyrimidine (DHP) is the product of one pot condensation reaction between an aldehyde, β-ketoester and urea or thiourea under acid catalysis, which is well known as Biginelli reaction, was first reported by Pietro Biginelli in 1983. This one-pot condensation reaction of DHP products shows interesting pharmacological, calcium channel modulation, antiviral, antibacterial and antimicrobial activities. Considering the view of importance of title compound a different derivative with various hydroxy or non-hydroxy substituent's along with the variant of other functional groups such as methoxy or chloro on aldehyde part of dihydropyrimidine derivatives have been synthesized to evaluate the role of intermolecular interactions in their molecular packing. We analyzed here only the obtained single crystals that were not reported previously, i.e. 4-hydroxy (DHP1), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy (DHP2), and 2-chloro (DHP3) dihydropyrimidine molecules. The DHP molecules prefer to form dimmer either through strong N-H•••O or N-H•••S hydrogen bonds depending on its constituent which is either urea or thiourea respectively. Hirshfeld Surface analysis shows that DHP molecules prefer H•••O interactions in DHP1 and 2, and H•••S interactions in DHP3 of 45.2%, 40.3% and 30.6% from their total interactions respectively. DHP1 crystallizes in the monohydrated form whereas DHP2 and DHP3 crystallizes in the anhydrous form, which is reflected in higher percentage of O-H•••O interaction in DHP1 due to additional hydrogen bonding with water molecule. Other percentage of interactions including C•••H and C•••C consolidate the packing for generating a three-dimensional network. Thermal analysis (DSC) revealed that DHP1 is stable below 139 °C and it loses its crystallinity irreversible above 139 °C whereas DHP2 crystal is stable up to 252 °C in comparison to DHP3 which is stable up to 165 °C . To understand the nature of hydrated or non-hydrated form of DHP molecules, the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD, Conquest Version 1.17) has been analyzed, which list sixteen hydroxyphenyl-substituted DHP derivatives including four 2-hydroxyphenyl-substituted DHP molecules, one 3-hydroxy-substituted and eleven 4-hydroxyphenyl-substituted DHP molecules. It is worthy to mention that five of the 4-hydroxyphenyl-substituted DHP molecules prefer to crystallize in a hydrated form. The CSD analysis clearly suggests that 4-hydroxy-substituted DHP molecule are prone to crystallize in their hydrated form compared to 3-hydroxy or 2-hydroxy-substituted DHP molecules; this may be due to the observed O-H•••O hydrogen bonding with water molecule acceptors with the hydroxyl group in the preferred 4-position. Further theoretical calculation, biological activity and analysis of single crystal structure of the remaining synthesized molecules of the same series are under progress to rationalize the importance of weak intermolecular interactions in presence of other functional groups to establish structure-property relationship.


In this paper, we have proposed a general approach to obtain a projection of the nearest targets and minimum distance for a given unit. The method takes undesirable output into account. The idea behind it is that nearest targets and minimum distance lead to less variation in inputs and outputs of the inefficient decision making units (DMUs) being evaluated to reach the production possibility set (PPS) frontier. Our results have shown that the carbon emissions comprehensive performance indexes (CECPIs) of developing countries are lower than those of developed countries, and that the inefficiency shares of energy consumption, capital stock and desirable output are declining while those of labor force and undesirable output are climbing. Further, using cluster analysis, we have shown that nine countries, including Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Iraq, should take severe measures to save energy and reduce carbon emissions. Moreover, the gap in CECPIs among the 123 countries is narrowing by kernel density estimation.


The heterophile antibody of infectious mononucleosis was isolated using an immunoabsorbent containing highly purified glycoprotein from horse erythrocyte membrane. Only the IgM fraction of this antibody agglutinated sheep erythrocytes or precipitated with the heterophile antigens from sheep, ox or horse red cells. The IgM antibody contained both κ and λ light chain determinants. The only reactivity which could be attributed to the IgG fraction of infectious mononucleosis serum was a slight degree of antigen binding by indirect radioimmunoelectrophoresis using 131I-labelled horse erythrocyte glycoprotein.


Westinghouse offers a power plant portfolio that includes pressurized water reactors (PWRs) ready for today's power needs, as well innovative PWR designs to meet the energy demands of the future. The Westinghouse APWR is a large plant that comes in two sizes, 1300 MWe and 1000 MWe. The APWR 1300 has earned a Preliminary Design Approval from the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and stands ready to meet today's reactor needs now. Looking to the future, Westinghouse is developing the AP600, an advanced passive PWR that generates 600 MWe. The simplicity, proven safety, and modular construction techniques of the AP600 make it the leading technology for the next generation of nuclear power plants.


The article depicts the study that has been conducted in investigating the impact that the sewing patterns have in regard to the carbon footprint of a single garment unit. The research has been conducted by following a practical method of drafting Zero Waste sewing patterns, that can be applied in the conceptual apparel's design, with the aim to prevent the generation of pre-consumer fabric waste throughout the manufacturing process, and thus preventing unnecessary CO2 emissions. The results provide valuable insight, which prove that by using geometric patterns, the CO2 footprint for a single garment unit can be reduced by 0.003 kg CO2.


Between June 1995 and Feb. 1997, a total of 10 children 5 to 18 yrs old with renal and ureteral calculi underwent lithotripsy at the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Each patient re-ceived an average of 3160 shocks with generator energy set at 15.1 kV. General anesthesia was required for lithotripsy in only 1 child, while others received intravenous sedation with me-peridine hydrochloride. Majorities of pediatric lithotripsy treatments were performed on an out-patient basis, while that of 1 patient was done on an inpatient basis. Stone fragmentation was achieved in all patients (100%), and the overall stone-free rate at 6 mo was 90%. There was a continuous decrease in the stone-free rate with increasing stone size. Early minor complications, such as fever, pain,and obstruction were observed in 1 patient during treatment. We conclude that the second generation lithotripter can be used safely and efficiently to treat upper urinary tract calculi in children. (J Urol R.O.C., 9:191-195,1998)


experience and/or professional experience, or whether there has, in fact, been a lessening of importance placed on a humanistic approach in undergraduate training programmes in recent years. The findings of this study, however, do not specifically address this controversy which is reflected in the literature.9 ,l l Nonetheless, it is clear that whilst communication and interpersonal skills are an obvious feature of the curriculum in occupational therapy education and training programmes in Australia, older and more professionally experienced occupational therapists endorse to a greater degree a humanistic perspective in therapy. In relation to gender of the therapist, the findings at least support results indicating that being female or male does not have an effect on degree of client-centredness and promotion of the client's active participation in therapy sessions.w Nonetheless, a limitation of the analysis based on gender is the small number of male occupational therapists who participated in the study. Whilst the proportion of male and female respondents in the study reflects the proportion of males and females who enter occupational therapy, at least in the Australian context, further research needs to be conducted on other allied health professional groups where a higher percentage of therapists are male to determine the generalisabllity of the findings. Future research will also need to determine the extent to which clients' perceptions of the characteristics of professional practice correlate with those of therapists.


We consider an interacting quantum dot working as a coherent source of single electrons. The dot is tunnel coupled to a reservoir and capacitively coupled to a gate terminal with an applied ac potential. At low frequencies, this is the quantum analog of the $RC$ circuit with a purely dynamical response. We investigate the quantized dynamics as a consequence of ac pulses with large amplitude. Within a Keldysh-Green function formalism we derive the time-dependent current in the Coulomb blockade regime. Our theory thus extends previous models that considered either noninteracting electrons in nonlinear response or interacting electrons in the linear regime. We prove that the electron emission and absorption resonances undergo a splitting when the charging energy is larger than the tunnel broadening. For very large charging energies, the additional peaks collapse and the original resonances are recovered, though with a reduced amplitude. Quantization of the charge emitted by the capacitor is reduced due to Coulomb repulsion and additional plateaus arise. Additionally, we discuss the differential capacitance and resistance as a function of time. We find that to leading order in driving frequency the current can be expressed as a weighted sum of noninteracting currents shifted by the charging energy.


The main risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders, like Alzheimer disease, is aging. At molecular level, aging correlates, in peripheral tissues and in the central nervous system with epigenetic changes at the chromatin (histones and DNA) of aged cells. These molecular changes can be reverted by the expression of the, so called, Yamanaka factors (YF). YF can reprogram (rejuvenate) old cells to cells with structural and functional characteristics of young cells. In the case of the nervous system, upon YF expression, an increase in cognitive capacity can be found. Our future objective, to extrapolate the results found in mice to the human being, will be to look for simple and small chemical compounds with a similar capacity, to that of YF, to revert the structural and functional changes found during aging development.


Evidence gathered from digital devices plays an important role in modern criminal investigations, yet it is not always easy to gather and analyse relevant data. Researchers in the INSPECTr project are developing intuitive, easy to use tools and an intelligent platform that will help law enforcement agencies combat crime more effectively, as Dr Ray Genoe explains.


Interleukin (IL)-7 is a cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of certain haematological malignancies and several autoimmune diseases. IL-7 bind to the IL-7R, an heterodimer constituted by IL-7Ra and the common-g chains, expressed by CD4 T-cells and induces a survival signal. The IL-7/IL-7R signalling axis is a validated therapeutic target using antibodies directed to IL-7Ra in animal models, reducing the disease symptoms and/or preventing the disease. Moreover, an anti-IL7Ra antibody has been tested in humans showing a blockade of IL-7 signalling without impacting the physiological numbers/levels of lymphocytes. However, no anti-IL7Ra antibody has been approved for human therapeutic.
Affimers reagents are small and stable artificial proteins which are an alternative to antibodies. Affimers bind with nanomolar affinities to human proteins and are commonly used for blocking protein-protein interactions. The aim of this work is to generate Affimer reagents that recognise the IL-7Ra and inhibit the IL-7 signalling cascade, as an alternative to antibodies.
Affimer libraries were interrogated by phage display using glycosylated IL-7Ra ectodomains. After three panning rounds, 23 Affimers were raised (shown by phage ELISA and DNA sequencing). Affimer binding to IL-7Ra was observed by pull-down (soluble IL-7Ra; n=17) and flow cytometry (membrane IL-7Ra; n=6) assays. Several Affimers (n=10) inhibited the IL-7 signalling cascade in engineered cells using an IL-7/STAT5 reporter assay. A candidate (Affimer 42) inhibited STAT5 phosphorylation and IL-7-induced proliferation in human CD4 T-cells from two healthy donors. Altogether, these results indicate that Affimer 42 appears best, binding to soluble/membrane IL-7Ra and inhibiting the IL-7/IL-7R signalling cascade.
This work demonstrates the potential of screening Affimer libraries for a cytokine receptor target, identifying specific cytokine antagonists. This might lead to the
generation of new therapeutic agents for haematological malignancies and autoimmune diseases.


The GluB-4 promoter was amplified from Oryza sativa genome by polymerase chain reaction and cloned into pGEM-T Easy vector.Sequence analysis showed that the obtained promoter fragment 1 560 nucleotides and showed homology of 99.8% with the reported GluB-4 promoter.Also,the obtained promoter fragment includes TATA-box,CAAT-box and the two cis-regulatory elements,GCN4 motif and Skn-1 motif, which are necessary to mediate endosperm expression of the GluB-4 glutelin gene.The plant expression vector pCGB4P was constructed by the GluB-4 promoter.


Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) is a rare, episodic movement disorder of unknown cause that is defined by short duration of motor attacks lasting less than 1 minute without pain or alteration in consciousness, age at onset between 1 and 20 years, control with carbamazepine or phenytoin, no identifiable underlying cause, and a normal neurologic examination.1 The constellation of tremor, bradykinesia, cogwheeling, and cognitive dysfunction that comprises parkinsonism is not a typical feature of PKD. In a large cohort of patients with PKD, one atypical patient (with age at onset of 53 years) was treated with levodopa and was subsequently diagnosed with likely PD.1 PKD has been mapped to the pericentromeric region of chromosome 16p11.2. However, no genetic mutation has been identified.1–3 We report a child with PKD who developed juvenile-onset dopa-responsive parkinsonism and was found to have a microdeletion at 16p11.2.

### Case report.

A 17-year-old boy with a history of carbamazepine-responsive adventitious limb movements diagnosed by one of the authors (M.J.R.), possible infantile-onset convulsions, and verbal learning disabilities presented with acute-onset gait ataxia. Therapy with carbamazepine continues as attempts to wean the medication over the first few years of life resulted in recurrence of brief attacks of spontaneous, jerking, limb movements exacerbated by movement …


The quality of Business Education dwindles at a complex pace in the world. This phenomenon forces academician, researchers, policy makers and think tank to scrutinize and review business education to make it objective oriented, mission based, qualitative and beneficial for all the stakeholders. Management education institutions in India are expected to deliver quality out comes to the stakeholders namely employers, society and higher educational institutions. There are various issues which require to be addressed for restructuring of management education which will be helpful to create jobs rather than finding it. This paper discusses various TQM issues like changes in management education, accreditation, quality faculty, promoting research culture, creating global mindsets, corporate governance, learning real business etc. which are needed to handle and reduce the gap between industry and academia. This paper examines the TQM issues that need to be addressed and possible directions so that management education can be rejuvenated, create jobs and make innovations in entrepreneurship and business.


Users are currently required to create and separately manage duplicated personal data in heterogeneous online accounts. Our approach targets the crawling, retrieval and integration of this data, based on a comprehensive ontology framework which serves as a standard format. The motivation for this integration is to enable single point management of the user's personal information. The main challenge faced by this approach is the discovery of semantic equivalence between contacts described in online profiles, their attributes and shared posts. Contacts found to be semantically equivalent to persons that are already represented within the user's personal information model are linked together. In this paper we outline our part-syntactic, part-semantic approach to online profile integration, the current status and future plans for research and development concerned with this challenge.


s: Flat icon design has been widely applied in web pages and mobile phone UI interface, and has been widely praised for its simplicity, clear color, and directness of information. With the rapid development of Internet e-commerce, according to the survey report of China Internet Network Information Center CNNIC (the 45th), until March 2020, the scale of China's mobile phone netizens has reached 897 million. Mobile phone has become an indispensable part of People's Daily life. It not only provides convenience for people's life and shopping, but also becomes a platform for people's work, study and education. The development of multimedia mobile phones has promoted the flat icon design to flourish. Through analysis and research in this paper, it is concluded that the UI interface flat icon has distinct visual characteristics: concise graphic design elements, strong visual impact color design, distinct order, and so on. According to the visual performance characteristics of the flat icon, a large number of cases are analyzed to obtain the style classification and specific design method of the flat icon design. Therefore, this paper hopes to provide references for relevant designers by analyzing and studying the features of flat icon and design method.


Abstract Alkhawajah, A.M., Jain, S. and Larbi, E.B. 1996. Effects of antimony compounds on foetal development in rats. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 10: 15–24. Pentavalent antimonials (PVA), sodium stibogluconate (SSG) and meglumine antimoniate (MA) are considered the mainstay of chemotherapy of all forms of leishmaniasis. We report here the possible teratogenic potential of these compounds when they are used during pregnancy in rats. Animals were divided into 10 treatment groups of 10 rats each. Rats in Group 1 were injected with saline (control). Groups 2–5 were injected with SSG i.m. for 10 successive days (days 6–15 of pregnancy) with doses of 30, 100, 300 and 900 mg Sb/kg. Groups 6–9 were injected with MA for the same period and at the same dose levels. Those in Group 10 were injected with 100 mg/kg of SbCl3 using the same protocol. On day 20 of gestation foetuses were removed by C-section and examined for any teratogenic abnormality. Rats injected with SSG (30 mg Sb/kg) exhibited a 5.9% foetal resorption rat...


Thirteen randomly selected 9th- and 10th-grade students who studied an ecology unit were interviewed, and the tape-recorded narrative data were analyzed for changes in knowledge schema, represented by ideational networks and the development of higher cognitive operations. Flow maps and a checklist of cognitive information processing categories were used as analytical tools. Two end-member respondents (lowest and highest performing students) were selected for an in-depth analysis, and their performance was compared to the mean of the 13 randomly selected students. The high-performing individual evidenced greater gains in use of higher order cognitive categories than the lowest end member, and both end members spanned the range of performance of respondents in the subsample. The data support current theory that the amount and quality of prior knowledge substantially influence gains in new knowledge and are closely linked to a capacity to apply higher order cognitive thought processes in constructing abstract knowledge.


We develop a parallel computational algorithm for simulating models of gel dynamics where the gel is described by two phases, a networked polymer and a fluid solvent. The models consist of transport equations for the two phases, two coupled momentum equations, and a volume‐averaged incompressibility constraint. Multigrid with Vanka‐type box‐relaxation scheme is used as preconditioner for the Krylov subspace solver (GMRES) to solve the momentum and incompressibility equations. Through numerical experiments of a model problem, the efficiency, robustness and scalability of the algorithm are illustrated. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


In the examined business books of Pskovo-Pechersky Monastery there were recorded 104 passive participles in the nominative forms of the singular and plural. The most frequent ones are the inflectional forms of the neutral gender (about 1000 occurrences of 2033), which is explained by the diversity of their functions in the examined books. Among the 104 registered participles 80 ones are derived from the verbs of perfective aspect, 22 participles are derived from the verbs of imperfective aspect, and 2 participles (накищеванъ, перетыканъ) from the two-aspect verbs that manifest perfective or imperfective aspect depending on the context.


This paper deals with optimizing the location of ambulance stations in a two-tiered emergency medical system in an urban environment. Several variants of station distribution are calculated by different mathematical programming models and are evaluated by a detailed computer simulation model. A new modification of the modular capacitated location model is proposed. Two ways of demand modelling are applied; namely, the aggregation of the ambient population and the aggregation of permanent residents at the street level. A case study of the city of Prešov, Slovakia is used to assess the models. The performance of the current and proposed sets of locations is evaluated using real historical data on ambulance trips. Computer simulation demonstrates that the modular capacitated location model, with the ambient population demand, significantly reduces the average response time to high-priority patients (by 79 s in the city and 62 s in the district) and increases the percentage of high-priority calls responded to within 8 min (by almost 4% in the city and 5% in the district). Our findings show that a significant improvement in the availability of the service can be achieved when ambulances are not accumulated at a few stations but rather spread over the city territory.


Single-particle tracking enables the analysis of the dynamics of biomolecules in living cells with nanometer spatial and millisecond temporal resolution. This technique reports on the mobility of membrane proteins and is sensitive to the molecular state of a biomolecule and to interactions with other biomolecules. Trajectories describe the mobility of single particles over time and provide information such as the diffusion coefficient and diffusion state. Changes in particle dynamics within single trajectories lead to segmentation, which allows to extract information on transitions of functional states of a biomolecule. Here, mean-squared displacement analysis is developed to classify trajectory segments into immobile, confined diffusing, and freely diffusing states, and to extract the occurrence of transitions between these modes. We applied this analysis to single-particle tracking data of the membrane receptor MET in live cells and analyzed state transitions in single trajectories of the un-activated receptor and the receptor bound to the ligand internalin B. We found that internalin B-bound MET shows an enhancement of transitions from freely and confined diffusing states into the immobile state as compared to un-activated MET. Confined diffusion acts as an intermediate state between immobile and free, as this state is most likely to change the diffusion state in the following segment. This analysis can be readily applied to single-particle tracking data of other membrane receptors and intracellular proteins under various conditions and contribute to the understanding of molecular states and signaling pathways.


Since "the linguistic turn" appeared in the western philosophy in the first half of the twentieth century, the western studies of truth have been undertaken in the framework of linguistics. This paper firstly discusses the basic characters, theoretical contribution and the shortcomings of the contemporary truth studies, then explores the necessity and the imminence of constructing a new truth theory , which is in the means, of 'the ultimate concern', from 'the life world' and the needs of the new era.


Swine Flu PandemicThe "novel" H1N1 swine influenza virus that last year caused the first human pandemic in 4 decades has one feature that is hardly novel: Its surface protein, hemagglutinin (HA)—which spikes cells and starts an infection—closely matches the HA in the H1N1 virus responsible for the 1918 pandemic. Separated by 91 years, the two strains of the highly mutable virus ought to be vastly different. This newfound similarity answers many mysteries about the 2009 pandemic, including why it largely spared the elderly. The new findings, reported online this week in [ Science ][1] and [ Science Translational Medicine ][2], also suggest intriguing explanations for how the 1918 influenza virus has evolved since it swept across the globe in several waves, killing more than 50 million people by the winter of 1919. And the investigators are proposing provocative—some say far-fetched—vaccination strategies to preempt future pandemics.

 [1]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/science.1186430
 [2]: http://stm.sciencemag.org/content/2/24/24ra21.abstract


We propose an efficient Ising processor with approximated parallel tempering (IPAPT) implemented on an FPGA. Hardware-friendly approximations of the components of parallel tempering (PT) are proposed to enhance solution quality with low hardware overhead. Multiple replicas of Ising states having different temperatures run in parallel by sharing a single network structure, and the replicas are exchanged based on the approximated energy evaluation. The application of PT substantially improves the quality of optimization solutions. The experimental results on the various max-cut problems have shown that utilization of PT significantly increases the probability of obtaining optimal solutions, and IPAPT obtains optimal solutions two orders magnitude faster than a software solver.


We demonstrated large scale deterministic creation of single photon emitters in annealed silicon nitride on silicon oxide pillars. The estimated single photon emitter yield is approximately 50% with a lateral accuracy of ±85nm.