597 MJA 197 (11/12) · 3/17 December 2012 n this issue of the Journal, there are two important articles highlighting the disadvantages experienced by Indigenous Australians, and offering important practical suggestions for improving health care.1,2 The article by Graham and colleagues analyses the notification rates for chlamydia and gonorrhoea in Australia by Indigenous status.1 Their findings are stunning. Compared with non-Indigenous Australians, Indigenous Australians have rates of gonorrhoea that are 174-fold higher overall and 466-fold higher in women.1 Because gonorrhoea is commonly symptomatic, rates can provide a reasonable measure of incidence, so these enormous numbers cannot be explained away.3 They are real. In contrast, chlamydia notifications were only about 10– 20 times as high in Indigenous communities.1 However, chlamydia notification rates do not equate to true incidence because infections are largely asymptomatic, so notification rates are largely dependent on testing rates.4 When testing rates were taken into account in an enhanced surveillance program and the analysis adjusted for age and area of residence, Indigenous Australians were only 1.6 times as likely to have chlamydia.5 Given the uncertainty about whether chlamydia screening can reduce the prevalence of infection, it is not surprising that the prevalence of chlamydia is not vastly different between Indigenous and non-Indigenous communities.6 The obvious question, then, is why do Indigenous communities, particularly remote communities, have rates of gonorrhoea that are hundreds-fold higher than those of non-Indigenous Australians? Studies in the mid 1990s suggested that it was related solely to poor access to health care. This prompted widespread testing for sexually transmissible infections (STIs).7 However, despite widespread frequent testing, only relatively small falls (twofold) in gonorrhoea prevalence have occurred.8 It may be that for gonorrhoea prevalence to fall dramatically, men (who are almost always symptomatic) need to be tested and treated within a few days of onset of symptoms.3 If men cannot or do not access treatment, annual screening would reduce the average duration of infection from 6 to 4.5 months. This is still nowhere near the average duration of infection of just a few days observed in men in urban areas, where they can access health care relatively quickly. The much lower rate of gonorrhoea infections observed in Indigenous Australians living in urban areas, compared with the high rate observed in remote areas, is consistent with this explanation.1 This pattern of much higher rates of gonorrhoea (but not of chlamydia) infection in one group of heterosexual people compared with other groups is not unique to Australia. In the United States, for example, the rate of gonorrhoea infections in white women is 26 per 100 000, and 431 per 100 000 in African American women, or about 17 times as high.9 In contrast, the prevalence of chlamydia, adjusted for other risks, was only 1.9 times as high in African American women as it was in white American women.10 Access to health care in the US is limited more by finance than by distance, and the disparity between races may Sexual health in Indigenous communities


This paper inspect the trouble in recognition of exercise and also discover the burned calories after exercise. Our topic and motive of research to detect a problem, how walking, jogging and running effect on the human body using personalize algorithms. Pedometer is a device which is used to count the step while walking. This device may be used as a hardware device which attached with the body or may hold on body like in hand and count the steps. Every person have different way of walking and also difference in step distance, an informal calibration, performed by the user. An accelerometer is a device that measures proper acceleration. It is not necessary that accelerometer always measure a proper acceleration for each coordinate acceleration But the benefit of this research, it remotely observe the moves, calories and find accurate results in jogging and running. There are specific algorithm used for finding the difference between the jogging and running, and detect the burned calories. Whole research performed in MATLAB platform. This platform is very reliable and flexible to use.


Abstract State Space Wavelet Network is a specific neural network with non trivial structure. Such a structure implies problems with the network training. In SSWN, during the training process, weights and wavelons parameters are adapted. This paper presents algorithms and methods for optimising the SSWN parameters. During researches Hybrid Distributed Evolutionary Algorithm has been developed and Extended initialisation strategy was applied. Finally it was found that usage of Hybrid Distributed Evolutionary Algorithm with extended initialisation significantly reduce the time of SSWN learning.


This research was classroom action research that implemented of bounded inquiry lab model assisted by macromedia flash to improve learning outcomes and scientific attitudes. This research method used the design model Kemmis and Mc Taggart which in class action research conducted with 2 cycles for one cycle of research there were 4 phases include planning, action, observation and reflection. The results of applying the bounded inquiry lab model assisted by macromedia flash to improve learning outcomes of the largest percentage cycle I, namely the medium category with a percentage score of 52% and a decrease in value of 4% from 25 In the second cycle, the average score was 32%, spread in three categories, namely medium, low, decreased and there was also no increased. students' scientific attitudes from cycle I to cycle II students were measured through observation of activities based on aspects of scientific attitudes and student response questionnaires. The average increased that occured from each aspect is 10%, with the average percentage of the overall indicator is 60%.


Quality has become the defining element of education in the 21st century. Total Quality Management (TQM) is a management philosophy, defined as a customer-oriented process and aims for continuous improvement of business operations. It ensures that allied works are toward the common goals of improving service quality and enhancing the process of rendering services. As all education institutions are service oriented organizations, there is a greater need of TQM in educational institutions. In this paper, we study the application of TQM in the teaching learning process of Engineering Mathematics by applying Deming's model to improve the students' performance


All Under Heaven Collection was compiled by Zhou Nanrui in the Yuan Dynasty,which consists of three volumes with high literary values.What's more,it can help us objectively assess the achievements of Ci poetry in the Yuan Dynasty.From the diverse aspects of this selected group of Ci poetry,we can glimpse the spirit of Yuan Dynasty.From their style,we can see the editor's aesthetic interests,which are influenced by various schools.


Abstract The lead article is certain to stimulate a lot of interesting discussion among rehabilitation professionals. The author's emphasis is not on the evaluation of deficits, but on the evaluation of persisting abilities. On this I agree with her completely, as well as with her statement that communication with all its facets is the most important treasure of human beings. Until recently the medical approach was directed towards aetiology and anatomical change rather than to the assessment of functional impairment. On the whole this emphasis on assessing deficits still prevails.


Most failed bearing components exhibit classic forms of damage normally associated with inadequate lubrication. These include glazing, frosting, surface wear, heat discoloration, and fatigue spalling. Some abnormal condition resulting from improper bearing handling, installation, or maintenance may cause or contribute to the failure. Considering areas of the paper machine where problems may occur, the author discusses prediction of bearing failures, determination of the mode of failure, and implementation of corrective measures to increase bearing service life.


Abstract The interest in climate prediction has seen a rise in the number of modeling alternatives in recent years. One way to reduce the predictive uncertainty from any such modeling procedure is to combine or average the modeled outputs. Multiple model results can be combined such that the combination weights may either be static or vary over time. This research develops a methodology for combining forecasts from multiple models in a dynamic setting. The authors mix models on a pairwise basis using importance weights that vary in time, reflecting the persistence of individual model skills. Such an approach is referred to here as a dynamic pairwise combination tree and is presented as an improvement over the case where the importance weights are static or constant over time. The pairwise importance weight is modeled as a product of a "mixture ratio" and a "bias direction," the former representing the fraction of the absolute residual error associated with each of the paired models, and the latter represe...


BackgroundMycobacterium tuberculosis may affect any organ. Thrombocytopenia is a rare manifestation of tuberculosis. We report a case of tuberculosis with refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura requiring splenectomy. Case ReportA 26-year-old man from China presented with epistaxis, generalized purpuric lesions, difficulty in breathing, productive cough, night sweats for 2 months, and a 15-lb weight loss during the previous 6 months. A petechial rash was noted over the chest, anterior abdominal wall, and extremities. Laboratory results revealed anemia and severe thrombocytopenia. Chest x-ray showed bilateral upper lobe cavitations. Sputum sample confirmed the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A bone marrow biopsy showed mild hypercellularity of all cell lines with megakaryocytes increased in numbers. Therapy with steroids and immunoglobulin was unsuccessful to treat platelet crisis. After splenectomy, platelet count returned to baseline. ConclusionsOur case represents a rare clinical phenomenon. In refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura cases, splenectomy may be essential for the patient survival.


Although great progress has been made in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), it is still an incurable malignant plasma cell tumor. In addition to the MM cell itself, the bone marrow microenvironment also plays a critically important role to prompt MM cell's survival, growth, and drug resistance. Bone microenvironment reformed by MM cells could not only help the proliferation of MM cells, but also inhibit the killing of the immune system to MM. A variety of cell components and mechanisms participate in the formation of immune microenvironment, including high-profile tumor associated myeloid cells (TAMC). This paper introduces the mechanisms of TAMC in MM immunosuppressive microenvironment.

Key words:
Multiple myeloma; Immunosuppressive microenvironment; Macrophages; Dendritic cell; Myeloid-derived suppressor cell; Osteoclasts


This paper describes a numerical procedure conducted to estimate thermo-physical properties of the human tissue during hyperthermia treatment of a cancerous region. The estimation algorithm is based on the solution of an inverse heat conduction problem. The Gauss-Newton method is used to estimate simultaneously the volumetric heat capacity, the thermal conductivity, and the volumetric blood rate (blood perfusion) in the bio-heat transfer equation during a hyperthermia treatment cycle. The treatment quality of hyperthermia is analyzed by the computation of the thermal dose which is obtained from the resulting temperature field in the tissue. The importance of an accurate estimation of the thermo-physical properties of the tissue lies in that they are the most important factors for achieving a high precision heating cycle which results in an optimized treatment. The inverse analysis is based on the temperature measurements taken inside the cancerous tissue region during the transient heating process. An experimental optimization procedure is conducted to make the estimated parameters as accurate as possible. Several numerical tests were performed and show that the developed method provides an accurate estimation of thermo-physical properties in a very short practical time. As the blood perfusion is very sensitive to the temperature variation in the tissue, this estimation tool can be implemented during one cycle treatment which results in an on-line thermo-physical parameter correction while the treatment is performed.Copyright © 2002 by ASME


This article discusses elements of a theory of innovation from the perspective of innovation networks and social construction of technology, based on Habermas' Theory of Communicative Action and authors from the Sociology of Innovation. Based on the theoretical framework of the communicative production of scientific facts, we focus on innovation management as a basic dimension that must meet some organizational and methodological requirements in order to power its results. We present and discuss instruments such as Situational Planning, Prospective Analysis, Strategic Portfolio Management, and Networks Management that can help deal with the challenge of innovation and exploration of the future. We conclude that network organizational formats centered on reflexivity of interdisciplinary groups and planning approaches that encourage innovation criteria in assessing the attractiveness of activities and that help anticipate forms of innovation through systematic prospective analysis can potentiate the process of generating innovation as a product


We tested the ability in the ruin lizard (Podarcis siculus) to discriminate between odour of a predator (the whip snake Hierophis viridiflavus) and those from harmless sources. We analysed two lizard populations: one (PP) predated by snakes and another (PNP) where no snakes occur. We tested the rate of tongue flick directed to cotton-tips impregnated with odours, and the rate of tongue flick, the time spent in immobility, escaping and exploring the terrarium containing a diffuse odour. We used the smell of the snake as dangerous stimulus, water as blank control, and cologne as complex control. Both populations did not discriminate snake cue from complex odour in both the experiments. PP individuals were more active and prone to analysing and exploring the stimuli and the environment than PNP lizards. In PP, the higher interest towards cologne and snake scents could be triggered just by their complexity that requires more tongue flicks to be 'analysed', with no apparent adaptive anti-predatory value. Overall, we observed a total responsiveness and activity pattern higher in the PP respect to PNP.


Abstract In refrigeration and air conditioning systems, the fin surface may become dry, fully wet or partially wet depending upon the psychometric, thermo-physical and geometric parameters. The current work is intended to determine the length of the dry portion, temperature distribution, performance and optimum design parameters of a T-shaped fin under partially wet condition. Temperature dependent thermal conductivity of the fin material is taken and the humidity ratio of saturated air is considered to vary linearly with the corresponding fin surface temperature. Considering these the governing equation of T-shaped fin becomes nonlinear and it has been solved analytically by using Homotopy Perturbation Method. The point of separation between the dry and wet portions of a T-shaped fin may be located either in the stem or flange part and hence, two cases having different governing equations and boundary conditions are analyzed in the current study. For the optimization study, Lagrange multiplier technique is employed and the results are obtained by maximizing the heat transfer rate for a constant fin volume. Further, a comparative study is presented between insulated and convective fin tip conditions.


Brain fragments containing embryonic rabbit glia were implanted into the brains of newborn mice. The hosts developed an astroglial reaction around the transplants and along the needle tracks. Transplantderived astrocytes were identified in the operated brain by their expression of rabbit GFAP. During the first few days post‐implantation (PI) glial cells were exchanged between the transplant and the host. Less than 3 to 5 days PI, the transplant was extensively invaded by host astrocytes. Xenogeneic astroglial cells were first detected 10 days PI in the immediate proximity of the transplant. At 2 to 11 weeks, they could be detected either close to or at distance from the point of implantation. Most often, transplant‐derived astrocytes presented a morphology similar to that of neighboring host astrocytes. Xenogeneic glial cells were found to participate in various types of astroglial features: sub‐pial, pericapillary, fibrous, and protoplasmic. This morphological integration suggests that they are physiologically integrated, at least to a certain degree, in the host tissue.


In this paper, vertical arrays of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires (NWs) are synthesized by a chemical vapor deposition system and then deposited on patterned electrodes using dielectrophoresis. The NW devices illustrate four orders of magnitude increase in conductivity when exposed to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation of 1220 μW/cm2. UV response has a fast component, due to electron-hole generation, as well as a slower component, attributed to the release of oxygen species from the surface of NW. Moreover, due to the increased electron density in the presence of UV, the type of oxygen species on the surface of ZnO changes to more reactive negative ions. In addition, when the pressure is decreased to 0.05 mBar, the conductivity of the NWs increases ~3.5 times due to the removal of oxygen molecules from the surface. For the first time, UV irradiation is used to improve the carbon monoxide (CO) sensing properties of ZnO NWs. When exposed to 250 μW/cm2 UV irradiation, not only the sensitivity increases more than 75%, but also a repeatable and recoverable response is obtained, which is due to formation of more reactive oxygen ions. For the same reason, when the temperature is elevated, higher sensitivity to CO is achieved. The devices demonstrate exponential sensitivities of more than four decades when the relative humidity (RH) increases to 86% at room temperature.


This paper introduces a model to track bees on 2D video with a 50Hz frame rate. The model detects bees using background subtraction and colour thresholding, producing a binary image showing the bees as blobs. The blobs are then analysed to estimate the bees' positions, which are then used to track the bees in successive video frames. However, in the 50Hz video, bees move a significant distance from one frame to the next. Assuming that a bee's velocity is constant over three succesive frames, the bee position in the third frame can be predicted from the positions in the previous two frames. To track multiple bees in each frame, the predictions and detections are paired using the Hungarian method, which minimises the distances between the predicted positions and the actual detected positions. However, in 2D video, when several bees merge into one blob, it is hard to track the bees correctly when they separate in following frames. The bounding box information from the blob analysis is used to track bees when they separate after merging in the video image. Experiments indicate that single bee tracking is about 99% accurate while merged bee tracking is about 72% accurate.


The unexpectedly strong 21cm absorption signal detected by the EDGES experiment suggests that the baryonic gas was colder at redshift $z\sim 17$ than predicted in the standard scenario. We discuss a mechanism to lower the baryon temperature after recombination. We introduce a stable, negatively-charged particle with a non-negligible cosmological abundance, such that the universe remains charge-neutral but the electron and proton numbers are no longer equal. The deficit of electrons during recombination results in an earlier decoupling of the baryon gas temperature from that of the CMB. This implies a smaller ratio of the gas and CMB temperature at $z\sim 17$. The parameter space of the mechanism where the 21 cm absorption signal is significantly enhanced is probed by the CMB spectrum, cooling of stars and supernovae, and colliders. Nevertheless, we find viable regions corresponding to sub-eV or MeV-scale milli-charged particles, or to TeV-scale multi-charged particles.


To accommodate the growing demand for memory capacity in a cost-effective way, multiple types of memory are incorporated in a single system. In such tiered memory systems consisting of small fast and large slow memory components, accurately identifying the performance importance of pages is critical to properly migrate hot pages to fast memory. Meanwhile, growing address translation cost due to the increasing memory footprints, helped adopting huge pages in common systems. Although such page hotness identification problems have existed for a long time, this article revisits the problem in the new context of tiered memory systems and huge pages. This article first investigates the memory locality behaviors of applications with three potential migration polices, least-recently-used (LRU), least-frequently-used (LFU), and random with huge pages. The evaluation shows that none of the three migration policies excel the others, as the effectiveness of each policy depends on application behaviors. In addition, the results show huge pages can be effective even with page migration, if a proper migration policy is used. Based on the observation, this paper proposes a novel dynamic policy selection mechanism, which identifies the best migration policy for a given workload. It allows multiple concurrently running workloads to adopt different policies. To find the optimal one for each workload, this study first identifies key features that must be inferred from limited approximate memory access information collected using accessed bits in page tables. In addition, it proposes a parallel emulation of alternative policies to assess the benefit of possible alternatives. The proposed dynamic policy selection can achieve 23.8percent performance improvement compared to a prior approximate mechanism based on LRU lists in Linux systems.


Aim  Researchers measuring beta diversity have rarely concerned themselves with the problems of how complete the species lists of studied communities are, and of how the varying degrees of completeness can actually change estimates of beta diversity. No comprehensive assessment has been made regarding the behaviour of most beta diversity indices when applied to incomplete samples, a situation which is more common than usually recognized. Our objective was to assess the behaviour and robustness of a number of beta diversity measures for incidence data from undersampled communities.


An important problem to be solved in the transformation and development of resource-based cities is the redevelopment and utilization of industrial sites in mining areas. This paper takes Pingshuo Coal Mine as an example, SWOT analysis model is used to analyze the four factors of advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and risks. The result shows that the dominant factors are the existing transportation, electricity, water supply, heating and sewage treatment facilities. The weaknesses are potential pollution risks and difficulties of facility retrofit. The opportunity is brought about by new urbanization and new rural construction. The challenge is how to attract people to the industrial areas with depleted resources.


The names Acetobacter xylinum, Acetobacter xylinum subsp. sucrofermentans, Acetobacter xylinum subsp. xylinum. Caedibacter caryophila, Campylobacter cryaerophila, Fibrobacter succinogenes subsp. elongata, Iodobacter fluviatile, and Rhodobacter blastica are revised in accordance with Rule 12c or Rule 13b of the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria: Bacteriological Code, 1990 revision.


First,we discuss the importance of rural library construction from the perspective of urban-rural equalization of basic public services,and then analyze current situation and existing problems of rural library construction.At last,we have several suggestions about the effect and construction of rural library from resource allocation,funding guarantees,management system and team construction.


Many sandstones (89 of 127 tested) disaggregate in warm dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO); no crushing is necessary and there is no known effect on minerals other than kaolinite. Fossils should be cleanly released from the sandstone matrix by gentle washing with water. Treatment is simple and relatively inexpensive. DMSO is not a serious chemical hazard or environmental problem (but see necessary precautions discussed later). Some sandstones disaggregate overnight; others require a month or so. It has been proven to work on some very hard, supposedly silica-cemented sandstones and on some carbonate-cemented concretions in sandstones. In general, disaggregation in DMSO appears to be associated with the presence of kaolinite (which is more abundant in non-marine depositional environments) and with the absence of deep burial or deformation. Even so, there is no way to predict the behavior of a given sandstone; susceptibility to disaggregation must be established by trial.


The invention discloses a brine impurity removal method in a sodium chlorate production technology. When crude brine is taken as the raw material for producing sodium chlorate, the brine impurity removal method comprises three processes including chemical impurity removal, ion exchange and micro-filtration; and when brine or seawater is taken as the raw material for producing sodium chlorate, the brine impurity removal method comprises five processes including micro-filtration, reverse osmosis concentration, chemical impurity removal, ion exchange and micro-filtration. The content of total calcium and magnesium ion is reduced to lower than 0.5 mg/L in the brine processed by the brine impurity removal method, so that corrosion of an electrolysis bath anode can be relieved, the production power consumption can be reduced, the tank washing period can be prolonged, and the production efficiency can be improved.


Ecklonia cava populations at Tei, Tosa Bay and Nabeta Bay, Shimoda, Izu Peninsula were compared seasonally from 1995 to 1997 by quadrate sampling. Water temperatures between the two sites differ by 2-4°C on average, with Tei being the warmer site. The mean thallus wet weights at Tei ranged from 60.9 g (January) to 216.2 g (June) and from 329.4 g (January) to 720.5 g (October) in Nabeta Bay. The biomass was low in winter and high from spring to summer in both localities, ranging from 1.9-4.3 kg w.w./m2 at Tei and 4.9-10.7 kg w.w./m2 in Nabeta Bay. The biomass was lower at Tei than in Nabeta Bay at all times. The density at Tei ranged from 34-53 ind./m2 (10-19 ind./m2 in plants of 1 year old and over, 16-34 ind./m2 in plants of 0 year old). At Nabeta Bay the density ranged from 15-40 ind./m2 (12-17 ind./m2 in plants of 1 year old and over, 3-26 ind./m2 in plants of 0 year old). At Tei, the 0-1 y age group was dominant and the 2-3 y age group was rare throughout the year, whilst in Nabeta Bay, the 0 y age group was dominant from winter to spring, and the 5 y age group was recorded infrequently.


Aims and Objectives: The cognate facilitation effect (CFE) is a robust effect in language production and visual word comprehension, but evidence for CFE during auditory comprehension is still scarce. This study aimed to explore the CFE during auditory comprehension of a second language (L2) while manipulating proficiency in the L2 and cognate type. These two variables are known to influence the CFE. Methodology: Low and highly proficient Spanish–English bilinguals listened to individual words in their L2, English, that shared high, low, and no phonological overlap (PO) with their native language Spanish. We designed a visual world paradigm task that consisted of selecting an image shown as a spoken word unfolded in time while eye movements were recorded. Data and Analysis: Response times revealed a clear CFE in low proficiency bilinguals, while this effect was absent in highly proficient bilinguals. The eye-tracking (ET) data showed late coactivation of low-PO words and, surprisingly, no coactivation of high-PO words in low proficiency bilinguals. Highly proficient bilinguals showed no clear pattern of language coactivation in the ET data. The English monolingual control group showed no effects during the critical time window. Conclusions: These results are interpreted within the framework of L2 processing models. At low levels of proficiency, the PO between translations facilitates access to meaning. On the other hand, highly proficient bilinguals no longer benefit from the PO between translations, at least for concrete and simple nouns. Originality: The findings demonstrate a clear CFE in auditory comprehension. Proficiency in L2 and PO modulated the effect, as shown in both the response time and in the ET data, respectively. Implications: These findings suggest that at low levels of L2 proficiency, learners more easily access the conceptual information if the auditory input is similar to their native language. Nevertheless, as proficiency increases, this facilitation disappears.


In this paper, we derive an optimal rate control algorithm for shape coding as defined in the forthcoming MPEG-4 international standard. The current MPEG-4 shape coding scheme consists of two steps: first, distortion is introduced by down and up scaling; then, context-based arithmetic encoding is applied. Since arithmetic coding is "lossless", the down up scaling step is considered as a virtual quantizer. We first formulate the buffer-constrained adaptive quantization problem for shape coding, and then propose an algorithm for the optimal solution under buffer constraints. Experimental results are given using an MPEG-4 shape codec.


This study was conducted to determine the effects of several diets on the growth and body composition of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus.A.japonicus at 4.18±0.23cm of body length and 5.99±0.26g of body weight were fed with different diets,including animal-based(fish meal) diet,Sargassum thunbergii Kuntze,Enteromorpha prolifera,Laminaria japonica,and sea mud-based diet for 80d.Sea cucumbers were maintained in glass aquaria and fed with the five different diets.The special growth rate of sea cucumbers fed with diets of S.thunbergii,E.prolifera,and fishmeal were 95.36%/d-1,92.29%/d-1 and 84.87%/d-1,respectively,which were not significantly different but higher than those fed with diets of L.japonica or sea mud.It was found that,although the animal's utilization of plant protein was higher,it is practically feasible to formulate more wholesome feed by using animal-based protein as the diet ingredient;E.prolifera is an alternative food source for juvenile sea cucumbers;Ground dried L.japonica should not be used as the major ingredient of sea cucumber diets.


Abstract We refine the classification of prehomogeneous vector spaces provided by Sato and Kimura in the case of tensor spaces, presenting a quick way to determine whether a given tensor space is prehomogeneous or not.


Acute pancreatitis is a serious clinical picture rarely seen in children. The most common causes are drugs, blunt trauma, anatomic abnormalities and biliary pathologies. Acute pancreatitis should be considered in patients presenting with severe abdominal pain, bilious vomiting, abdominal distention and fever. In this article a child in whom acute pancreatitis developed due to the use of valproic acid is presented and discussed. An 11-year-old boy was admitted because of abdominal pain and bilious vomitting. He was under valproic acid treatment with a dose of 40 mg/kg/day for 24 months for epilepsy. The diagnosis of acute pancreatitis was established under the results of physical examination and laboratory investigations. Complaints of the patient gradually decreased with supportive treatment and the cessation of valproic acid, and a complete healing was achieved in a week. Acute pancreatitis due to valproic acid has been rarely reported in the literature. In acute pancreatitis developing due to the use of valproic acid, early diagnosis with prompt discontinuation of the drug and symptomatic supportive treatment are sufficient.


Objective To present a structured approach for an outpatient consultation or inpatient assessment of a child with possible rheumatic fever. Method Review of literature and description of diagnostic and therapeutic approach. Conclusions A focused history and examination is key to establish the cause and draw a management plan for rheumatic fever.


Aims. We aim to understand the physical conditions in a jet event which occurred on the 22nd of August 2002, paying particular attention to evidence for non-thermal electrons in the jet material. Methods. We investigate the flare impulsive phase using multiwavelength observations from the Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE) and the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) satellite missions, and the ground-based Nobeyama Radioheliograph (NoRH) and Radio Polarimeters (NoRP). Results. We report what we believe to be the first observation of hard X-ray emission formed in a coronal jet. We present radio observations which confirm the presence of non-thermal electrons present in the jet at this time. The evolution of the event is best compared with the magnetic reconnection jet model in which emerging magnetic field interacts with the pre-existing coronal field. We calculate an apparent jet velocity of ~500 km s -1 which is consistent with model predictions for jet material accelerated by the $\vec{J}\times\vec{B}$ force resulting in a jet velocity of the order of the Alfven speed (~100–1000 km s -1 ).


AMERICAN COUNCIL ON EDUCATION. Educational Research, Vol. 3, No. 10. Washington, D. C.: American Council on Education, November&dquo; 1939. Pp. 189. $1. The researches herein reported are on child development; in measurement of abilities, aptitudes, and achievement; in reading; in guidance and personality adjustment; in the structural aspects of educational finance; and suggestions toward a frame of reference for educational research.


Brick wall has large lateral sidesway stiffness and shear failure often occurs under horizontal earthquake effect, but the scourge surveys indicate that flexural failure can also occurs sometimes. Given that there are still few researches about masonry's failure modes in China, Finite Element Models of non-reinforced brick masonry with different Depth-width Ratios and reinforced brick masonry whose Depth-width Ratio is 1.444 are established with the help of MSC.MARC to analyze its failure mode under horizontal action. The researching results indicate that: The larger the Depth-width Ratio of non-reinforced brick masonry is, the more flexural components it has and the better its ductility is; the smaller its Depth-width Ratio is, the larger the D-value of Bottom Shear and Ultimate Shear Bearing Capacity according to formulas from code before damage, and thereby the more easily the shear failure takes place; however, the ductility of brick wall's flexural failure is improved evidently through making reasonable reinforcement schemes.


The feasibility study is a research project about whether or not the project can be implemented successfully. The objective of the feasibility study is to avoid investments that are too large for the activities that were not profitable. In carrying out the project in general method of investment appraisal including payback period method is this method of measuring how fast the investment can come back with the results of time units. NPV method is a method that calculates the difference in present value of investment with the present value of net cash receipts in the future is greater than the present value of investment. IRR method can be identified as the interest rate that will make the present value of total net revenue, which is expected to be received equals the amount the present value of expenditures more accurately modal. So, NPV calculation can be tested by the method Pofitabilitas Index.


The activity of metakaolin which is thermal activated by kaolin originated from Shandong Zaozhuang in different temperature for 2h is evaluated by mortar strength method and acid-alkali dissolution method. The results show that metakaolin has good pozzolanic activity which is affected by calcined temperature mainly. The mortar strength method is much exact but need more time, and the acid-alkali dissolution evaluation method only need one day to two days. By comparing the results of mortar strength and the acid-alkali dissolution, it is found that the two evaluation methodologies of activity have correlation which means that acid-alkali dissolution evaluation method of metakaolin can be used instead of mortar strength method.


The changing global economy and international settings demand high levels of foreign language skills as well as cultural competencies to be taken into account while conducting business. In particular top managers' and key personnel's foreign language and cultural skills emerge as being critical as a source of competitive advantage contributing to superior company performance in international markets. The purpose of this project is proposing the importance of developments of communication which have a huge influence on international business. Firstly, it will mention the cultural barriers in international business. Secondly, the paper emphasizes the impacts of cultural barriers in international business. Finally, the paper will focus on finding out the adjustments had been done on the international companies' part while entering a new market and their subsequent adaptation to these cultures. In the end, the paper will focus on the impact of cultural barriers in the Indian context, the main religion on foreign food joints. The paper also contains an open-ended questionnaire to judge the impact of religion on food joints in India and the findings thereto.


We were pleased to read the study carried out by Dr Morgan to ascertain the views of her laboratory users in Exeter.' We performed an almost identical survey in May 1995. A carefully designed user-friendly questionnaire was administered to all the junior medical staff in our hospital who were members of clinical teams that use our services regularly. Staff in specialties that used our services infrequently, such as anaesthetics, radiology, psychiatry, and biochemistry, were not included. In total, 120 questionnaires were sent out. As in Dr Morgan's study, our questionnaire sought views on turnaround times, quality of reports, accessibility to and quality of microbiological consultations during normal working hours and "on-call", present and future requirements from the service and lastly, the infection control service. Completed questionnaires were made anonymous


We present our CCD observations of a new WZ Sge-type dwarf nova in Leonis during its superoutburst in 2010. The light curve shows one rebrightening. The evolution of nightly light curves of early, ordinary and late superhumps are presented. The mean superhumps period 0.06053 days was determined and period changes were detected.


Objective To investigate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2) and Ki-67 in pterygium tissues and its clinical significance.Methods The expression of MMP-2 and Ki-67 were determined by immunohistochemistry in 39 cases of primary pterygium and 12 cases of normal conjunctiva.Results The expression of both MMP-2 and Ki-67 in pterygium tissues were significant higher than that in normal conjunctiva(Z=-3.044,Z=-2.707 respectively,both P0.05).Conclusion The high level of MMP-2 and Ki-67 in pterygium sugested that catabolism of basal membrane and cell proliferation were abnormal,which may play an important role in the development of pteryguim.


Introduction Three of the major branches of clinical pathology-haematology, cytopathology and histopathology-depend on microscopy. Microscopic images are often recorded as transparencies or as colour or black and white prints, and then used for teaching, publication and research. The methods and equipment used for the preparation ofphotographic images have changed little in the past 30 years and serve their purpose well for most applications. However, a radically different approach to the gathering of microscopic images is now available to the pathologist, based on their conversion to digitised images in a microcomputer. Systems for processing, storage and retrieval ofthese images have been expensive in the past, but the steadily falling cost of microcomputers and of high capacity storage devices, and the availability of sophisticated image processing software, now make systems for high quality digital image processing, storage and retrieval a much more attractive proposition for the pathology laboratory. In this review, we outline the considerable advantages of this approach to image handling, which is summarised schematically in fig 1. In the appendix, we give details of the hardware and software options which we have used over the past three years in our own department. Many digital imaging packages are available from scientific equipment manufacturers (typically as options for microscopes), but the purpose of this article is to describe a system built up of non-specialist components that are readily available and somewhat cheaper than an integrated system. There are many advantages in building a system in this way, the most important ofwhich (after cost) is that one joins a much larger user base, ensuring better availability and maintenance of software. We believe that by the close of this century this new technology will be very widely used in all branches of clinical pathology, and we hope in this review to indicate that it is much more accessible than appears at first sight.


UAV-assisted communication is a promising paradigm to enhance the performance of wireless networks. In this paper, we consider the network randomness in the delay-tolerant UAV-assisted communication systems. We aim to optimize both the UAV trajectory and user association in an online manner to achieve a finite queueing delay at the users' buffers with the minimum energy consumption of the UAVs. We first formulate our problem as a stochastic dynamic programming problem that integrates the future expected energy consumption and delay into its objective function and constraints, respectively. To deal with the inaccurate knowledge of future user demand and mobility, we apply the Lyapunov optimization technique and convert it into a series of online joint UAV trajectory and user association optimization problems. However, each online problem is a non-convex non-linear integer programming problem, which is very challenging to solve in general. As such, we first eliminate the coupling relationship of user association variables in each online problem. By exploiting the special graph structure of the problem, we can decompose the joint problem into inner optimization and outer optimization problems. Then, we propose the online UAV mobility and user association selection (UMUAS) scheme, which includes two steps to solve the inner and outer problems. Simulation results show that our online UMUAS scheme achieves the near-optimal performance of the energy-delay tradeoff, which also has a 44.2% improvement over the greedy scheme and a 51.3% improvement over the interference-free scheme. Moreover, it achieves the highest energy efficiency among the three benchmark schemes.


Abstract We give two charaterizations of the Möbius invariant QK spaces, one in terms of a double integral and the other in terms of the mean oscillation in the Bergman metric. Both charaterizations avoid the use of derivatives. Our results are new even in the case of Qp.


This paper presents the attempt to manufacture metallic implant using medical grade 316L stainless steel alloy powder by MIM process. The powder with the median particle size of 15 μm and a binder consisting of palm stearin and poly ethylene were mixed at 160°C using a sigma-blade mixer for one hour to prepare the feedstock of the test bar. The rheological properties of the feedstock was tested using capillary rheometer. The test bar was injection moulded using vertical injection moulding machine with the nozzle temperature of 200°C. Prior to sintering, the specimens were debound using a combination of solvent extraction and thermal pyrolysis method. The specimens were then sintered under vacuum at the temperature between 1300oC to 1360oC. The properties of the sintered bar such as physical appearance and densities were presented and discussed. The biocompatibility including toxicity properties of the implant also been presented. The results showed that physical and mechanical properties of the sintered sample complied with the international standard


____________________________________________________________ Biological control studies were conducted with isolates of entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarrhizium anisopliae from Ethiopia and South Africa against the spotted stem borer Chilo partellus. The study was conducted from April 2002 to April 2003, at the department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa. The objectives were to screen these isolates for pathogenicity and to determine the susceptibility of different larval instars; to study the effect of temperature on fungal development and virulence; to investigate food consumption of fungus treated larvae; to determine compatibility of fungal isolates with insecticides; to study the effect of exposure methods and diets on larval mortality; and to evaluate promising isolates under greenhouse conditions using artificially infested maize plants. Four isolates of B. bassiana and six isolates of M. anisopliae were tested against second instar larvae. Of these isolates, B. bassiana (BB-01) and M. anisopliae (PPRC-4, PPRC-19, PPRC-61 and EE-01) were found to be highly pathogenic inducing 90 to 100 % mortality seven days after treatment. In subsequent assays, the fungal isolates were tested against third, fourth, fifth and sixth instar larvae. Second and sixth instar larvae were more susceptible to these isolates than third, fourth and fifth instar larvae. Conidial germination, radial growth and sporulation of the isolates PPRC-4, PPRC-19, PPRC-61, EE-01 and BB-01 were retarded at 15 and 35 C. A suitable temperature range for the isolates was from 20 30 C. At 25 and 30 C the isolates induced 100 % mortality to second instar larvae within four to six days. Second and third instar C. partellus larvae were treated with the isolates PPRC-4 and BB-01, and daily consumption of maize leaf was measured. Treatment with the fungi was associated with a reduction in mean daily food consumption. In in-vitro studies, five concentrations (0.1 ppm, 1 ppm, 5 ppm, 10 ppm, and 100 ppm active ingredients) of the insecticides benfuracarb and endosulfan were tested with the isolates PPRC-4, PPRC-19, PPRC-16, EE-01 and BB-01. Increasing the concentration of the insecticides adversely affected germination, radial growth and sporulation of the isolates. In in-vivo studies combining the fungi, PPRC-4 and BB-01,


Binding of the protein tyrosine kinase p56 lck to T-cell co-receptors CD4 and CD8α is necessary for T-lymphocyte development and activation. Association of p56 lck with CD4 requires two conserved cysteine residues in the cytosolic domain of CD4 and two in the amino terminus of p56 lck , consistent with the notion that these four residues coordinate a single metal atom (1-5). Here we demonstrate that Zn2+ is essential for complex formation. In an in vitro binding reaction, Zn2+ mediates p56 lck association with a glutathioneS-transferase (GST) fusion protein containing the cytosolic domains of CD4 or CD8α; no other metals tested support binding. Treatment of preformed GST-CD4·p56 lck dimers with the Zn2+ chelators 1,10-O-phenanthroline or 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid results in dissociation of GST-CD4 from p56 lck , consistent with the finding of Huse et al. (5) that Zn2+ is contained within similar complexes. Furthermore, we show that, within live cells, CD4·p56 lck and CD8α·p56 lck interactions occur in a zinc-dependent fashion. Specifically, pretreatment of the human Jurkat T-cell line with membrane permeable zinc chelators disrupts CD4·p56 lck complexes, and treatment of COS cells co-expressing CD8α and p56 lck with such chelators likewise leads to dissociation of CD8α·p56 lck complexes. CD4·p56 lck and CD8α·p56 lck represent the first examples of intracellular proteins that require zinc as a bridge for heterodimerization.


The dependence of physical properties on temperature and thermal history of glassy polycarbonate is examined. The average stress relaxation time increases during isothermal aging and with decreasing cooling rate. The temperature dependence of the stress relaxation time was compared with a free volume function calculated from specific volume data reported by Zoller by means of the Simha-Somcynsky theory and with a fractional free volume measured by ortho-positronium annihilation. We report in addition comparisons between free volume fractions extracted from volume data, and creep measurements for polystyrene, and stress relaxation data for poly(vinyl acetate) given by Kovacs et al., Schwarzl and Zahradnik, and Meyer et al. These investigations suggest that in the glassy state the Doolittle equation is valid only in isothermal aging experiments. It follows that in expressing the polymer mobility not only a temperature-dependent free volume but additional temperature-dependent processes need to be considered. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to predict the octanol/water partition coefficient (Kow) of 43 organophosphorous compounds.

Design/methodology/approach

A quantitative structure-property relationship analysis was performed on a series of 43 pesticides using multiple linear regression and support vector machines methods, which correlate the octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow) values of these chemicals to their structural descriptors. At first, the data set was randomly separated into a training set (34 chemicals) and a test set (nine chemicals) for statistical external validation.

Findings

Models with three descriptors were developed using theoretical descriptors as independent variables derived from Dragon software while applying genetic algorithm-variable subset selection procedure.

Originality/value

The robustness and the predictive performance of the proposed linear model were verified using both internal and external statistical validation. One influential point which reinforces the model and an outlier were highlighted.


Haustral folds are a major source of false positives (FPs) in the Computer Aided Detection (CAD) of colorectal lesions. In this paper, a novel bottom-up data-driven approach is presented to globally analyze haustral folds. Unlike the earlier haustral fold detection methods that rely solely on local differential geometric computations, which can be unreliable, particularly for thicker folds, our method builds a global model of the fold ridge to characterize the fold on a much larger scale. We propose a novel geometric feature, the density of ridge candidates (DRC), to remove CAD false positives. The method is tested on a dataset of 333 CAD marks detected using a state-of-the-art CAD system [7] on a data from 34 patients, and a significant FP reduction of 14.13% is achieved while maintaining 100% sensitivity.


The Cambodian invasion and the tragedies at Jackson and Kent State this spring led to explosions on college campuses all across the country. There was a great deal of talk of massive student intervention in the fall congressional elections and universities adopted various measures in response to the crisis. Some abandoned institutional neutrality by taking positions condemning the President's actions, others scheduled fall courses on elections and "practical politics", while others opted for some variant of the two week "Princeton Plan" pre-election recess. Most observers assumed that student political interest would remain high and that the student impact would be significant. By early summer university-based groups had been set up to lobby congressmen to support "end the war amendments", to raise money for anti-war candidates, and to supply student volunteers to work actively for such candidates.


Several studies have discussed the optimal designing methods of distributed generation (DG) based on intelligent algorithms. However, the feasibility of an intelligent algorithm-based DG system has not been investigated further, especially for DG in the campus area. Moreover, the DG that operates in two modes (grid-connected and micro-grid mode) has unique characteristics. This paper presents a design and assessment of the PV-battery-diesel DG system in the campus area based on a powerful intelligence technique. The designed DG consists of a PV system (PV array, battery, and inverter) and a diesel generator is used as backup power supplies to cover the loads during grid blackouts. The intelligence technique is used to determine the optimal size and configuration of PV array. In this work, a new variant modified AHP with fuzzy logic is developed to solve the problem. The developed algorithm is implemented by using MATLAB software. Then, the optimal size and configuration results have been evaluated and assessed in HOMER software. HOMER simulation results show that DG can operate in both grid-connected and micro-grid mode properly. Based on the case study site data, the net present cost of DG system is $291.073,43. The energy cost of the DG system is $0,12 for E6+E8 building system and $0,06 for E11 building system. The DG system has produced some pollutants from fuel consumption.


Abstract— Since their discovery, fullerenes have been reported from various geological environments. One group of these findings has been related to bolide impacts, e.g., the Sudbury crater and the K‐T and P‐T boundaries. Impact rocks of the Ries crater, Germany, including samples of suevites, metamorphosed crystalline clasts, and glass bombs, have been collected in the Otting, Altebürg, and Seelbronn quarries. No fullerenes in concentrations above 1 ppb have been found in analyzed samples. Laser desorption time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (LD‐TOF‐MS) confirmed the absence of fullerenes in the analyzed samples. These results support the concept that the Ries impactor was a stony meteorite.


Objective To discuss the influence factors in the evaluation of thyroid mass with thyroid model SPECT imaging. Methods The thyroid model was filled with 99TcmO- 4 74 MBq in water. Then the thyroid static imaging and tomography were performed with the 99TcmO- 4 filled thyroid model in different acquisition matrixes, zoom settings and present counts. The thyroid masses were evaluated by thyroid static imaging composed with pixel, and by thyroid tomography composed with stereology. The results were compared with each other. Results The thyroid masses evaluated by pixel increased or decreased in different acquisition matrixes, zoom settings and present counts. The evaluated thyroid mass was most close to the thyroid model's real weight in the condition of 128×128 matrix, 4.0 zoom and 2×105 present counts. There was no statistical difference between the thyroid masses evaluated by stereology on transverse, sagittal and coronal slices in the same condition. But in different acquisition zoom settings, the results were different. When the acquisition zoom was set at 2.0, the evaluated thyroid mass was most close to the thyroid model's real weight. Conclusions The thyroid mass evaluated by thyroid static imaging composed with pixel will be influenced by the different acquisition parameters. The thyroid mass evaluated by thyroid tomography composed with stereology is related to the acquisition zoom setting.


The problem of protecting the child's rights has always been relevant. The child always has needs, care and support from the state and society. This article is devoted to one of the most important state-legal problems of Russia – the rights of a child guaranteed by the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The statistical data confirming the urgency of this problem were presented. The subject and empirical basis of the research were determined, the research objectives were formulated. International, Russian regulatory documents were studied, the literature on the problem of the child's rights and their protection was analyzed. The key concepts – "childhood", "rights of the child", and "protection of the rights of the child" were defined. The prospects for further research were given.


Generation mean analysis for salt tolerance in wheat was studied on P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 populations of three crosses. The cross-1 was between the salt tolerant Sakha-8 and sensitive Sham-8, cross-2 was between two salt tolerant varieties (Sakha-8 x Line-6) while cross-3 was between salt tolerant Line-6 and sensitive Sham-8. The genotypes were evaluated under control (0.0 mM NaCl) and salinity stress (150.0 mM NaCl) at germination and seedling stage for seven traits. The model of additive/dominance is inadequate for explaining the inheritance of all traits in control and salinity treatments in three crosses. The presence of epistasis in addition to the predominance of non-additive gene effects for all traits except SL indicated that the conventional selection procedure may not be effective enough to improve them. Therefore postponement of plant selection in later generations or the crosses between the selected segregants followed by selfing can be suggested to accumulate alleles favorable for the improvement of these traits. The molecular markers analysis revealed that only four SRAP primer combinations, three TRAP primer combinations and three SSR primer pairs generated polymorphic bands form the tested genotypes. The five polymorphic bands SRAP-2570bp, SRAP3760bp, TRAP-1205bp, TRAP-3450bp and SSR-2215bp appeared only in the tolerant genotypes. These markers may be considered as specific markers for salt tolerance. The identified markers in this study would allow implementation of marker-assisted selection to screen wheat segregating populations for salt tolerance.


As more and more products are hitting the market the technology driving them is becoming more and more complex. Many new products in market often have design and engineering costs that exceed production costs. The demand for more and faster form of physical systems and devices used for space and nuclear research and development and for industrial automation has produced many new and effective instrumentation systems for data acquisition. One example is the triggering and data acquisition system (DAQ) integrated into high-energy physics experiments. Parametrical and reprogrammable architectures are platforms for specialized embedded systems like high-speed data acquisition systems. In order to facilitate the design of specialized embedded systems, design strategies and tools are needed that greatly increase the efficiency of the design process. Many system designers, without training in low-level programming languages, are required to change the base design, compare designs, and generate configuration data for the reprogrammable platforms so end-user programmability of reprogrammable platforms is essential. This paper provides an insight to design data acquisition systems using reprogrammable platforms. This paper is also helps in evaluation of the same


Upgrading existing buildings to meet current seismi c design codes is important in high seismic hazard regions. Decision makers must choose from many possible retrofitting options, each with inherent advantages and disadvantages. The two main decision drivers that are commonly used are: increasing engineering performance (ductility, stre ngth, etc.) and reducing cost. There is currently little information that incorporates socio-economic factors (e.g., aesthetics, sustainability) into th e decision making process. The aim of this paper is to develop a multi criteria decision making tool that takes both the engineering and socio-economic factors into consideration for retrofit selection. Since the importance of each factor varies based on building type, location, and attitude of the decision makers, OWA operators will be utilized. As well, for multiple decision makers, credibility factors will be introduced. This model can be expan ded in the future to incorporate new retrofitting techniques and selection criteria.


The reception of amplitude‐modulated narrow‐band signals of a noisy carrier is considered for propagation in a medium with absorption which depends on the frequency of a background of noisy interference. The purpose of the work is to optimize analytically the frequency for receiving the amplitude‐modulated stochastic acoustic process. The efficiency of reception depends very much on this frequency. An optimization problem was formulated and solved. The power criterion, namely, the overall signal‐to‐interference ratio at the detector output, was used as a criterion of optimality. Two important practical cases were considered: (1) The carrier is narrow‐band; and (2) the carrier is broadband. New expressions have been obtained for optimum frequencies.


Typically, the goal of the optical design is to meet the image quality, size,weight, and cost requirements over the desired waveband, aperture, and FOV. It is also very important to consider the system stray light requirements and choose an optical design form that will meet them. This hapter shows that not all design forms have equal stray light performance, and some stray light requirements simply cannot be met with some optical design forms, regardless of how many black surface treatments and baffles are added to the system. This chapter discusses methods for controlling stray light in the optical design form, and the pros and cons associated with each. Because it is often difficult to say whether or not one method is better than another (all of them involve trade-offs), they are presented here in no particular order. Methods used to control external stray light are also useful in controlling internal stray light, and therefore the applicability of each method to both external and internal stray light control is discussed. Nonuniformity compensation and reflective warm shields, which are used to internal stray light only, are discussed. Not all of the methods discussed are appropriate for all systems; for instance, space constraints may make it impossible to add a field stop. Determining which methods are appropriate requires balancing the system stray light requirement with all other requirements.


The article discusses the problem of the teachers' resistance to communicative stress, presents a model of developing resistance to communicative stress from the standpoint of the systematic analysis and describes the situation with the teaching staff in the region. It notes that the modernization of school education in the region does not solve the problem of teachers' professional and personal development. The article describes the features of modernizing professional development. Communicative stress is a factor that accompanies the teaching career. The study shows that communicative stressors have a maximum impact on the levels of teachers' stress resistance. The paper highlights the effects of gender and age asymmetry on teachers and the essence of the systematic approach to the development of the teachers' resistance to communicative stress. The joint reflective analysis of the educational space is presented as a resource of civilized development and a mechanism of developing teachers' resistance to communicative stress.


The septal body is a distinct anatomic structure located on the nasal septum. It is located near the nasal valve and may play a role in regulating nasal airflow. The septal body is an area of mucosa and prominent soft tissue overlying the cartilage and bone.1 In the majority of cases, the septal body is present bilaterally and can be seen in CT imaging studies. This structure may be analogous to the nasal turbinates in its impact on nasal airflow. Despite its potential contribution to nasal obstruction, it has received little attention clinically. The relationship between septal deviation and contralateral inferior turbinate hypertrophy has been well described. The goal of this study was to compare the size of the septal body to the laterality of septal deviation. The aim was to determine whether there is a correlation between the laterality of the septal deviation and laterality of septal body prominence.


In recent years, media columnists have been instrumental in redefining Australian conservatism. One of the most prominent is Janet Albrechtsen. Using her critique of a bill of rights, this article examines how this new Australian conservatism rejects or reverses core elements of traditional conservatism. Utilitarianism exchanges the transcendent for the social. Equality and democracy replace elitism. Elites were minorities, albeit ones with leadership virtue. Now minorities of any sort threaten equality and undermine democracy. These changes reflect broader changes in society itself. In this sense, conservatism has made peace with modernity, hostility to which originally prompted its birth. Now the enemy is internationalism or postmodernity, the two often interchangeable. Albrechtsen's hostility to a bill of rights matches her rejection of international law and institutions that threaten the nation-state and its guarantee of democracy and the rule of law.


Inefficient resource utilization of communication cell and base station is the major limitation of traditional Radio Access Network (RAN), which makes Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) becomes a promising infrastructure. C-RAN data centers face physical constraints in space and power, so the efficient utilization of hardware is more critical. General multi-core processors are universally used in modern data centers, and it has become a critical factor of power, computational density and per-operation energy for modern data centers. In this paper, we select User Plane protocol from WCDMA wireless communication protocols, and implement it as a benchmark firstly. The User Plane protocol is responsible for processing and transferring high volume streaming data between user's mobile terminals and core network. Then, based on its hardware performance counters, we study performance of general multi-core processor when processing User Plane protocol. The evaluation results show that micro-architecture of dominant general multi-core processor is inefficient for User Plane protocol, that is, the dominant micro-architecture mismatches to needs of wireless communication protocols. The random memory access in a large memory address space is a typical characteristic in wireless communication applications, and it incurs high miss ratio of on-chip cache hierarchies. The frequent on-chip cache misses lead to amount of off-chip memory access operations, which incurs longer memory access latency as a dominant factor to degrade overall performance. Finally, we identify the processor's key micro-architecture characteristics that meet needs of wireless communication protocols, which would lead to improved power efficiency in C-RAN data centers.


The aim of this work was to investigate the most effective extraction conditions for the production of thevetia seed protein concentrate of reduced cardiac glycoside content. Alcoholic extraction of the glycosides was studied as a function of time, solvent to meal ratio and solvent composition. Thevetia seed meal was extracted with 10:1, 15:1 and 20:1 solvent to meal ratios, for 45 min, 24, 48 and 72 h. Varying concentrations - 50 to 100% (v/v) aqueous alcohol - were also used. A concentration of 70 or 80% aqueous alcohol resulted in the lowest glycoside content, while a solvent to meal ratio of 15:1, extracted over a period of 72 h, appears to give the best compromise between glycoside extraction and cost of extraction solvent. All treatments resulted in an increase in the protein content of the samples.


Abstract To optimize heat treatment processes of case hardened components, heat treatment simulations are used to predict surface layer conditions. Only a precise knowledge and modelling of the transformation processes allows a trustworthy prediction of the hardness and residual stresses in the surface zone. The transformation plasticity mechanism plays an essential role in the heat treatment process and its correct simulation has a significant influence on the resulting calculated residual stress profiles and component distortion. Without considering transformation plasticity, simulative residual stresses are significantly overestimated [1]. In this work, powder metallurgical components are pressed and sintered and subsequently carbonitrided for a dilatometric investigation to characterize the correlation between transformation plasticity effect and the density. The results show a dependence of the austenite-martensite volume change that led to a significant difference of 0.5 Vol-%. A model describing the martensite volume change with respect to density is proposed. This also affects the description of the transformation plasticity constants (K) between K = 5 – 6 × 10–5 MPa–1 in dependence of density. With currently available data, the effect of chemical composition and density cannot be separated and quantified and further studies are therefore necessary to allow such a refinement.


Percy is a rare ape, caged in London Zoo with his mate. Professor Darrelhyde longs to witness the apes' mating ritual, but Percy, inhibited by confinement, will not oblige. As the Professor stands by the cage, singing Mozart, their empathy increases. By the author of "The King of a Rainy Country".


The author in his work focuses on the Polish music composer fryderyk Chopin and his Sonate b flat minor op. 35 for piano. Work contains a composer biography in connection with his work, characteristic of Chopin´s personality, a brief chapter about his piano work and mainly a chapter about Sonate b flat minor, which is divided to some sub chapters. The author mostly focuses on the interpretative problems of this composition, where hederives benefit from his own experience. Relatively large is also the sub chapter "Form analysis of the Sonate b flat minor". One of the main objectives of this work is to help beginning interpreters of Chopin´s Sonate b flat minor and this work might be useful also for all musicians who are interested in Chopin´s piano work.


A new high-resolution time-to-digital converter (TDC) architecture based on MOS-Current-Mode-Logic (MCML) is described. Aiming at high resolution and large dynamic range, the prototype is implemented with 0:13 $\mu$m CMOS technology. A time domain resolution of 10:6 ps and a respectively large dynamic range of 100 ns was achieved. A switched MCML active load for variable resolution and dynamic range capability is described.


Purpose

To date, public leadership has been conceptualised for Western systems while leadership discourse has spread across governments globally. The purpose of this paper is to begin the task of conceptualising public leadership in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), a federal monarchy in the Arabian Gulf, and proposes a forward research agenda.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper employs a qualitative, interview-based design to elicit top government officials' personal interpretations of the purpose and challenges of public leadership, the practices they engage in, and the arenas across which leadership is performed.

Findings

The study finds that whilst notions of public leadership as conceptualised to date are present, cultural and institutional differences result in distinct localised characteristics that belie the managerial presentation of public leadership. Stimulated by these initial findings, three points of departure for future research are suggested: public leaders' scope for discretion, values and trust.

Research limitations/implications

The research relies on a relatively small, though elite, sample; findings are therefore preliminary, informing ideas for a forward research agenda.

Originality/value

The paper presents a first conceptualisation of public leadership in the UAE, an Arab-Muslim federal monarchy.


Although we are grateful to Michael Gove for pushing for the abolition of third party sales of puppies and kittens, your article ( VR , …


In the following, Ω is a set. Whenever a union of sets is denoted as opposed to ∪, it indicates that the sets involved are pairwise disjoint. Definition 6 A semi-ring on Ω is a subset S of the power set P(Ω) with the following properties: The last property (iii) says that whenever A, B ∈ S, there is n ≥ 0 and A 1 ,. .. , A n in S which are pairwise disjoint, such that A \ B = A 1. .. A n. If n = 0, it is understood that the corresponding union is equal to ∅, (in which case A ⊆ B). Definition 7 A ring on Ω is a subset R of the power set P(Ω) with the following properties: Exercise 1. Show that A ∩ B = A \ (A \ B) and therefore that a ring is closed under pairwise intersection. Exercise 2.Show that a ring on Ω is also a semi-ring on Ω. Exercise 3.Suppose that a set Ω can be decomposed as Ω = A 1 A 2 A 3 where A 1 , A 2 and A 3 are distinct from ∅ and Ω. Define S 1 Show that P(Ω) is a ring on Ω, and that R(A) is not empty. Define: R(A) = R∈R(A) R Show that R(A) is a ring on Ω such that A ⊆ R(A), and that it is the smallest ring on Ω with such property, (i.e. if R is a ring on Ω and A ⊆ R then R(A) ⊆ R).


BACKGROUND
In spite of substantial advances in intensive care for extremely preterm babies, including continuous monitoring and minimal handling, prevention of intracerebral hemorrhage is not successful in some cases. Unless treated adequately, a progressive posthemorrhagical hydrocephalus leads to considerable impairment of neurological outcome. Several conservative treatment strategies have been published, but often fail to avoid a permanent ventriculoperitoneal shunt implantation with its possible complications.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
Our therapeutical regimen of posthemorrhagical hydrocephalus focussed on resolving the mismatch between production and resorption of intracerebral fluid (ICF) by direct lysis of intracranial hematoma and fast decrease of ICF protein concentration. To achieve this goal, we instilled repeated doses of recombinant human tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) and dexamethasone intraventricularly, generally via external ventricle drainage systems used also to relieve the elevated intracranial pressure.

RESULTS
Relevant complications were not observed. Conservative management without shunt operation was only possible in one out of the treated patients.

CONCLUSIONS
Controlled multicenter studies are needed for statistical assessment of treatment efficiency.


Dear Editors, We appreciate the interest expressed in our VALVE trial by Dr Oyama and colleagues, and we would like to take the opportunity to discuss the various points raised. In response to the question about the variables' magnitude of effect and confidence intervals, we are happy to provide the results of the univariate and multivariate analyses in Tables 1 and 2 (these data had not been included in the paper due to word count restrictions; see editor's note). Concerning the starting dose of furosemide in the VALVE trial, the authors agree that this dosage was quite high. However, it is common practice in our clinics to titrate the furosemide down to the minimal effective dose. The patients are discharged often after stabilization at the clinic at an initially high diuretic dose, in order to prevent immediate relapse of clinical signs soon after discharge, which might lead to owner disappointment and potential decision for euthanasia. If a dog has been stable at home for 3 days, and the owners feel comfortable counting the resting respiration rate, we start to decrease the diuretic dose. We analyzed the furosemide dosages at the first and second recheck examinations. The mean furosemide dosage for both groups at day 7 was 5.91 mg/kg/d (dual therapy [DT], 5.89 mg/kg/d; triple therapy [TT], 5.91 mg/kg/d). After 1 month, the mean furosemide dosage for all dogs was 5.32 mg/kg/d (DT, 4.78 mg/kg/d; TT, 5.80 mg/kg/d). These diuretic dosages were similar to those used in the QUEST study. We looked at the additionally prescribed drugs not only at the entry date, which we reported in our article, but throughout the study. A total of 61 dogs had received spironolactone during the course of the study (32 dogs in the DT group and 29 dogs in the TT group) and there was no significant difference between the groups. Seven dogs had received hydrochlorothiazide. Regarding the question about adverse effects, in 39 dogs, adverse effects were reported at least once, and some dogs had several adverse effects recorded. Most adverse effects were related to pre-renal azotemia, which occurred most commonly at the beginning of the study, during the period of titrating the dogs down to the minimal effective dose of diuretic. In some dogs, azotemia occurred later in the study, as the disease progressed. In these dogs, the furosemide dose had already been titrated to the minimal effective dose to avoid pulmonary edema and, as such, it was not decreased any further. In other words, these dogs remained on the prescribed diuretic dose despite azotemia. However, none of these dogs was excluded from the study, died or was euthanized because of azotemia.


T HERE has been a tendency among modern scholars to see the Macedonian heavy infantry force which went to Asia with Alexander the Great as a politically and nationally conscious body with defined rights and a defined role in its relationships with the king. But a study of the ancient evidence reveals a degree of flexibility in the attitudes of Alexander and his men toward each other which would scarcely be possible in a rigidly defined political system. I shall argue in this paper that no theory, nor anything that can properly be called an ideology, influenced the relationship between the Macedonian king and the troops: it was essentially a simple relationship, governed solely by the personalities involved in, and the circumstances surrounding, any particular issue. I have divided the discussion into two parts. In the first part I consider the arguments used by scholars to prove the existence of a theoretical basis for the Macedonian state. In the second part I discuss the episodes which scholars have thought were influenced by the constitutional relationship between the Macedonian king and his menin-arms.


We investigate in this article the Pontryagin's maximum principle
for a class of control problems associated with a two-phase flow
model in a two dimensional bounded domain. The model consists of the
Navier-Stokes equations for the velocity $v, $ coupled with a
convective Allen-Cahn model for the order (phase) parameter $\phi. $
The optimal problems involve a state constraint similar to that
considered in [18]. We derive the Pontryagin's maximum
principle for the control problems assuming that a solution exists.
Let us note that the coupling between the Navier-Stokes and the
Allen-Cahn systems makes the analysis of the control problem more
involved. In particular, the associated adjoint systems have less regularity than the one derived in [18].


The requirement of modern guidelines for treatment of patients with myocardial infarction with elevation of ST segment when carrying out thrombolytic therapy includes the assessment of fibronolysis efficiency followed by immediate or delayed coronary angiography. This category of patients, when admitted to the hospital, underwent estimation of noninvasive criteria of prehospital thrombolysis efficiency followed by investigation of coronary blood flow by coronary angiography data. After performing thrombolysis, 83 % of patients had reduced pain syndrome, 54 % of patients – decreased ST segment, in 21% of cases reperfusion arrhythmia was registered. Dynamics of ST segment fall was reliably associated with the changes in cardiospecific enzymes during the first day, with the degree of infarct-dependent artery obstruction. However, noninvasive criteria of thrombolytic therapy efficiency can not be used as a marker of blood flow restoration in the infarct-dependent artery. Combination of all the three noninvasive criteria manifesting successful fibrinolysis in 18 % of cases is accompanied by absence of blood flow in the infarct-dependent artery (TIMI 0-1), in 54 % of patients it is associated with inadequate restoration of blood flow (TIMI 2). Thus, for the purpose of reaching an adequate reperfusion and minimization of risks of hemorrhagic complications in patients with myocardial infarction with elevated ST segment after successful thrombolytic therapy, it is necessary to carry out coronary angiography through the radial access during the period maximally approaching 3 hours from the moment of patient's admission to the hospital.


In order to improve the torque and the efficiency of longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic motor, this paper makes an analysis on friction links of stator and rotor of this type motor, and in the thesis the motor performance improvement on torque and efficiency is come down to getting the maximum friction state between stator and rotor of the motor, also the contacting process of stator and rotor is regarded as the two process superposition along axial direction and circumferential direction respectively. Based on this, first, the relationship between motor frequency of longitudinal vibration and torsional vibration and rotor impact force in longitudinal and circumferential directions is defined. Secondly, the thesis discusses the detailed functions of motor drive voltage, pre-tightening force and vibration frequency for the motor improvement on torque and efficiency. Finally, the thesis points out some problems needed attention in such motor design to obtain higher torque and efficiency, so to improve the motor performance.


The objectives of this project are to continue reservoir characterization of the Cypress Sandstone; to identify and map fades-defined waterflood units (FDWS); and to design and Implement water-alternating-gas (WAG) oil recovery utilizing carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}). The producibility problems are permeability variation and poor sweep efficiency. Phase 1 of the project focuses on the development of computer-generated geological and reservoir simulation models that will be used to select sites for the demonstration and implementation of CO{sub 2} displacement programs in Phase 2. Included in Phase 1 is the site selection and drilling of an infill well, coring of the Cypress interval, and injectivity testing to gather information used to update the reservoir simulation model. Phase 2 involves field implementation of WAG. Technology Transfer includes outreach activity such as seminars, workshops, and field trips. Technical progress for this quarter is described.


There are discussed issues of energy and metallurgical production plants establishment. There are examined the main prerequisites of these works appearance: detrimental effects of existing enterprises on environment, low degree of wasteless techniques roll-out, high energy resources consumption, high price of iron ore raw materials, lack of qualitative scrap. There is demonstrated concept of industrial organization on energy and metallurgical complex through the example of  mini-steel mill, that allows ensure treatment of low quality scrap and solid domestic waste with receiving of energy (up to self-sufficiency), wide range of steel products, derivative products of secondary waste treatment (cement and cement articles), highway glass ceramics, mineral wool etc.)


The article presents a comparative analysis of Alfred Tennyson's poem «Come not, when I am dead...» translations and interpretations, created by D.L.Mikhalovskiy, V.S.Likhachyov, Ch. (V.P.Burenin) and O.N.Chumina in the second part of the XIX-th century. It is noted that Chumina's interpretation differs from the English original more than the other ones and can be accepted as an original literary work of the Russian author, who used Tennyson's motive, but at the same time completely changed the initial intention and put away the reproach to the heroin, which is essential for the original; the most close to the original Mikhalovskiy's and Likhachyov's translations are precise in transferring Tennyson's idea, but many literary details are lost or rethought by the translators.


Aside from their studies of the iron industry, historians have given relatively little attention to the non-household manufacturing industries of colonial America—perhaps, many would say, for the very good reason that there was not much activity along these lines before the conjuncture of the American and the Industrial Revolutions. Yet there were manufactures that reached significant volumes for those times. One of these was the colonial shipbuilding industry which not only provided most of the vessels that carried North American commerce with the West Indies and the Old World but also provided the capital starved colonies with a significant export. In spite of its importance this trade has not received much attention from modern economic historians, including those who deal with the balance of payments. One reason is, perhaps, that the British government in the eighteenth century did not consider colonial built ships as foreign in any sense and did not regard their transfer to metropolitan ownership as "imports." Thus the values of such transfers were not included in the Inspector-General's accounts of imports from the colonies nor were any other records kept of them, except for the ship-by-ship entries in the Registries of Shipping (which for the most part have not survived).


Objective: To determine the serum bilirubin variation in patients with acute atherosclerotic cerebral infraction( ACI) for ascertaining whether bilirubin can be neuro-protective role in acute stroke patients. Methods: The risk factors and imaging information were collected in ACI patients for calculation of the infract size and quantitative measure of the stroke-related neurologic deficit by National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale( NIHSS). Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays( ELISA) was performed to detect the levels of total bilirubin and conjugated bilirubin 24 hour after admission. The bilirubin ratio( quotient of between direct bilirubin and the total bilirubin) were calculated,and the relationship was estimated on the risk factors basis regarding the infract size,NHHSS scoring and the bilirubin ratio. Results: The levels total bilirubin and direct bilirubin were in normal limit and showed no significant difference for ACI patients and control subjects,and the mean ratio of bilirubin was 0. 327 ± 0. 063 in ACI patients. Logistic regression analysis on dependent variable of bilirubin suggested no significant difference concerning remaining risk factors except for statistical significance being observed relative to bilirubin ratio,alcohol drinking patterns and history of coronary artery disease. Subgrouping by bilirubin ratio as 0. 200. 29,0. 300. 34 and 0. 350. 51 in ACI patients showed that those with bilirubin ratio of 0. 200. 29,0. 300. 34 were significantly different,whereas those with bilirubin ratio of 0. 350. 51 had no statistical difference before and after medication. Conclusion: Although the serum bilirubin levels may remain in normal limit in patients with ACI,yet the ratio variation of bilirubin seems associated with the severity of this entity.


This article is a reflective narrative bringing together personal, collective, and action learning reflections from three women: all mothers, feminists, and community psychology practitioners. Its focus on mothering highlights the interconnectedness and tensions across these roles, as well as the shared learnings arising from this collaboration. The article draws on our experiences in two participatory action research projects in different parts of Melbourne, Australia, to illustrate how our feminism informed approaches to improving mothers' and children's well-being within a community environment. Learnings for practice include the importance of support and partnership with and empowerment of mothers in all their diversity, and of community change towards communal and child-centered structures. The combined community psychology and feminist focus may assist those working with mothers in other communities. Sociocultural and political considerations include individualistic notions of motherhood, judgements about '"good" and "neglectful" mothers, and lack of priority for children's needs in community contexts. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


This research demonstrates how the directness of a persuasion attempt by a sales agent, in this case flattery, changes how source cues influence consumers' evaluation of the shopping experience. When the persuasion attempt is direct, source cues do not influence consumer evaluations. However, when an indirect persuasion attempt is used, it is only effective when positive source cues are present. In particular, when the persuasion attempt is indirect, evaluations are more effective when the sales agent is attractive to or shares similar opinions with the consumer. Copyright © 2013 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The first reported case of cephalosporium meningitis in a newborn infant is presented. The diagnosis was suspected by the morphological features of the yeast-like organisms on direct smears in two separate cerebrospinal fluid specimens and confirmed by two cerebrospinal fluid cultures.
 The outcome was entirely satisfactory. We consider it possible that recovery was spontaneous and that amphotericin B could be instrumental in the patient's recovery only if cephalosporia were present in foci other than the cerebrospinal fluid.


A control problem containing support functions in the integrand of the objective of the functional as well as in the inequality constraint function is considered. For this problem, Fritz John and Karush-Kuhn-Tucker type necessary optimality conditions are derived. Using Karush-Kuhn-Tucker type optimality conditions, Wolfe type dual is formulated and usual duality theorems are established under generalized convexity conditions. Special cases are generated. It is also shown that our duality results have linkage with those of nonlinear programming problems involving support functions.


Sugar beet shreds were pretreated by hydrothermal procedure to investigate the effect of beta-glucosidase supplementation at different substrate loading on the rate of cellulose hydrolysis. Cellulose in the hydrothermally pretreated substrate was more efficiently hydrolyzed by enzymes than in untreated material, resulting in more than two times higher release of reducing sugars. In the investigated range of solids load, supplementation of fungal cellulases cocktail by beta-glucosidase increased production of reducing sugars from substrates, while 0.25 U/g was sufficient to achieve the highest effect under applied conditions.


Objective To investigate the correlation between tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells (Tregs) in different parts of colon carcinoma and the clinical prognostic values.Methods The distribution of tumor-infiltrating Tregs in the cancer nest,cancer stroma and normal mucosa of 90 cases of colon carcinoma was detected by using tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry staining technique,and its correlation with the overall survival (OS) was analyzed.Results The average number of intratumoral Tregs was significantly greater than that in corresponding normal mucosa tissues (P < 0.01) ; the average number of Tregs in cancer nest was significantly less than that in corresponding cancer stroma tissues (P < 0.01) ; the number of intratumoral Tregs was positively correlated with OS (P < 0.05) ; the number of Tregs in cancer nest was negatively correlated with OS (P < 0.05).Conclusion The number of tumor-infiltrating Tregs is closely associated with the prognosis of colon carcinoma.The Tregs in cancer nest are promising independent predictor for OS in colon carcinoma.

Key words:
Colon carcinoma; Regulatory T cells


We summarize the calculation of the weak corrections to dijet production at hadron colliders, comprising tree-level effects of O(\alpha_s\alpha,\alpha^2) and loop corrections of O(\alpha_s^2\alpha). Although suppressed by the small value of the coupling constant \alpha, the weak radiative corrections can become large in the high-energy domain due to the appearance of Sudakov-type and other high-energy logarithms. Generally the corrections to the transverse-momentum distributions are larger by approximately a factor of two compared to the corresponding reach in the invariant-mass distributions, because the invariant-mass distributions are not, unlike the k_T distributions, dominated by the Sudakov regime at high scales. The electroweak tree-level contributions are found to be of the same generic size as the loop corrections.


Fuelled by advances in our understanding of the human genome and proteome and the increasing availability of panand phosphosite-specific antibodies, antibody microarrays have emerged as powerful tools for interrogating protein expression and post-translational modifications, as well as for uncovering interactions with other proteins and small molecules. This economical platform permits ultra-sensitive semi-quantitative measurements of hundreds of proteins simultaneously using only minute amounts of biofluid, tissue and cell specimens. Recent innovations in the design and fabrication of antibody microarrays and in sample preparation have permitted further refinements of the technology to yield significant improvements in data quality. In this review, we described the applications of antibody microarrays for disease biomarker discovery, highlighting how biological complexity and sample handling have compromised earlier work, and how this technology can be exploited for tracking the expression, phosphorylation and ubiquitination of proteins in crude cell and tissue lysate samples. We also suggest how antibody microarrays can be used to uncover protein-protein and protein kinase-drug interactions with unfractionated lysates.


Just five years after invention of the laser, laser induced periodic structures (LIPSS) had been reported [1]. However, the structure period is not very uniform in LIPSS. Recently, with nonlinear laser lithography (NLL), long range ordered periodic surface structures had been maintained by exploiting various feedback mechanisms and nonlinearities [2]. Albeit, fine tuning of structure period remains challenging. Here, we present an analogy between Doppler effect and structure period of the NLL which adds a capability of changing the structure period.


The paper aims to search a new measure scheme which gets distortion coefficient of wave directly and accurately.On the basis of Fourier series,a direct measure system with better value ratio was designed.Some key issues of implementation were discussed.The level range of input signal is ±5 volts.The highest frequency of basic wave is less than 100 kHz.The accuracy of system approaches 2.5%.The experiment of scale shows that the function indexes of system are acceptable.The system finds wide applications in direct measurement of distortion coefficient at audio and ultrasound domain.


To improve the power communication network risk assessment techniques, we proposed a network risk assessment method for power business. The method is based on the risk assessment relationship model consisted of communication network and power network. According to the risk caused by different levels business faults in physical link layer, network topology layer and business layer, the model uses probabilistic methods to calculate the loss of business caused by network element fault, and then comes out the network risk for business. The simulation results show that this method is easy to understand, and can be deployed to identify the business weaknesses through the risk assessment results, targeted to enhance link reliability or adjust service deployment, reducing the risk of the network.


Meliorate the packing pattern of the sterile raw powder,advance the clarity of sterile raw powder.We analysised the relative factors which influented the raw powder's clarity in porducing the sterile raw powder.Consequently we took a series of countermeasures for the sake of ameliorating clarity and excluding foreign matters,for example cancelling the sulphuric acid pa- per and the adhesive plaster.As a result,the product quality was increased.The new packing pat- tern advance the clarity of sterile raw powder and excluding foreign matters and medicine safety to sufferer was guaranteed.


Objective To study the feasibility and effectiveness of cluster electrode percutaneous radiofrequency ablation guided by ultrasonography in renal tumor. Methods Forty-two rabbits carrying renal VX2 tumor were divided into treated group and control group randomly(27 and 15 rabbits,respectively). Radiofrequency ablation under the guidance of ultrasonography was performed in the treated group. The tumors were evaluated by two-dimensional ultrasonography for the changes of the shape and the echo pre- and post-treatment, during the course of treatment and post operation. Necropsy was performed on all the animals after they died naturally. Tumor state metastasis rate and survival rate were compared. Results ①Paracentesis was performed successfully on all the animals and the treating time was 27-220 seconds. ②Tumor size in the treated group was smaller than that in control group from 3 d,7 d,14 d and 21 d operation(P 0.05). Growth velocity of the tumor in the treated group was slower than that of control group. ③The difference of survival rate between the treated group and control was significant[( 45.1± 9.5)d vs ( 33.7± 6.9)d, P 0.05]. ④Tumor size in renal tissue in the treated group was smaller than that of control group. Metastasis node number in lung tissue in the treated group was fewer than that of control group. Conclusions The treatment of cluster electrode radiofrequency ablation guided by ultrasonography in renal tumor can lengthen the survival time. The management is safe and effective.