Corbin, Jennifer Ann M.S. May 2004 Resource Conservation Effects of Atmospheric Deposition on Water Quality in High Alpine Lakes of Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming Chairperson: Scott W. Woods ^ Atmospheric deposition is the primary cause of acidification in lakes and streams in the United States. Mountainous watersheds have an especially low buffering capacity for the nitrogen-based acidifying compounds in atmospheric deposition because o f their sparse vegetation, short growing season, poor soil development and the presence of extensive areas of exposed bedrock. Twelve high-elevation lakes in Grand Teton National Park (GRTE), Wyoming, were sampled to determine the sensitivity of these lakes to acidification, and to understand the relationship between lake water chemistry and basin characteristics. Samples were analyzed for major anions and cations, ANC, alkalinity, conductivity, pH, DOC, total P, and total N. Step-wise multiple linear regression was used to associate water chemistry with basin characteristics, and to identify the independent variables that exert a strong influence on the association. Discriminant analysis was used to identify which variables make a significant contribution to the classification of lake sensitivity. The results indicate that many of the high elevation lakes in GRTE are sensitive to acidification, with seven of the twelve lakes having ANC concentrations < lOOpeq L '\ Lakes in basins with granitic and/or metamorphic bedrock are the most sensitive, particularly when the basin contains a high proportion of young (Holocene) debris. Lakes with basins that are at least partially underlain by limestone are the least sensitive to acidification, regardless of the presence of young debris. Granite and limestone served as the best predictors for solute concentrations with young debris and steep slopes playing significant roles for most solutes especially major base cations, pH, and acidity. The regression model for ANC was an excellent predictor for buffering capacity and explained 86.5% of the variance. Glacier dissolution and the amount of talus in GRTE study basins may be responsible for seasonal increases in NO3 concentrations in glacier-fed lakes, which in turn decreases the ANC. Additional monitoring is required in order to provide more information on long-term effects of atmospheric deposition on water quality in GRTE high elevation lakes.


Time delay degrades the performances and even causes instability of teleoperation systems,so time delay is one of the important problems that need to be solved in teleoperation systems. This paper proposes a generalized predictive control(GPC)method based on on-line time delay prediction for space teleoperation systems in which the master and slave manipulators have multiple degrees of freedom (DOF)and the environment is unknown and the communication network brings large time-varying delays. On the master side,first,a kernel nonlinear regression scheme based on sparse matrix is proposed to design round trip time delay predictor and the nonlinear dynamics of the multi-DOF slave manipulator is linearized; then,according to the predictive time delay,a GPC controller is designed to stabilize the system and satisfy the position and velocity tracking performances. On the slave side,a nonlinear compensator is designed to compensate the nonlinear parts of the slave. The simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


We give an exposition of the classification of finite type invariants of homology 3-spheres. A new conceptually-based proof of the topological IHX relation, needed to show the well-definedness of diagrams to manifolds, is given


This paper proposes a fault diagnosis method to diagnose multiple transistor open-circuit faults in a T-type three-level inverter. In this method, a finite-state machine (FSM) tracks state transitions caused by abnormal fault-linked current paths, and rough set theory (RST) is employed to optimize and obtain a minimum set of variables necessary to distinguish state transitions under various fault scenarios. After applying RST, voltage state variables expressed by Boolean logic relationships are adopted in the FSM to identify faults. This can also effectively reflect state transitions between single and multiple fault cases. The approach is immune to load disturbances and dead times. Through logic relationships, a circuit is designed for fast online fault location to minimize the impact of sampling frequency on diagnosis. Factors that affect diagnosis time and accuracy are considered and analyzed to ensure the reliability of the proposed method. Experimental results obtained under various conditions verify the effectiveness of this approach.


Results: 124 patients on HD had endovascular veinoplasty. Technical success was 100% and 79% for CVS and CVO. Mean follow-up period was 36.16±12.6 months. Primary catheter site patency was 70%, 40%, 20%, and 5% after one, two, three, and four years. Assisted primary catheter site patency was 77%, 45%, 27%, and 12% and access vein survival was 100%, 80%, 40%, and 15% respectively at one, two, three, and four years, respectively.


In this paper, we present compressed sensing (CS) imaging of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) moving targets when there is a basis mismatch. We use Gaussian-Bernoulli prior for CS SAR reconstruction. Analysis using Cramer-Rao bounds show that using the prior results in performance improvement in the presence of mismatch compared to Laplacian prior. We further show that the more serious velocity mismatch can be dealt with using an iterative procedure. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.


Lithium perchlorate solutions in nitromethane, 0.04–0.18 mol dm–3, have been investigated using attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR FTIR) spectroscopy. Despite the relatively poor electron-donating ability of nitromethane, some evidence for lithium ion coordination is seen. Frequency shifts for the symmetric NO2 stretching fundamental of +7 cm–1, and for the symmetric CH3 bending fundamental of +2 cm–1 are found for nitromethane complexed to the alkali-metal cation. The infrared-active absorption for the ClO–4 anion at 1100 cm–1 shows substantial splitting, an effect due to the extensive ion-pairing of the solute species. The distribution and relative concentrations of the different electrolyte species were found to be concentration dependent.


In English education, the dominant curriculum needs to match the hidden curriculum, hidden curriculum role should notbe underestimated. This paper summarizes the main content and significance of the hidden curriculum in English education at thesame time, according to the characteristics of English education, key carries on the elaboration from the development of hidden cur-riculum resources and recessive and dominant courses active penetration of two, so that the hidden curriculum application more op-erational, more specific, to a good English learning the environment for students to create and promote the reform of College Eng-lish education.


Densities, refractive indexes, speed of sound data, and viscosities of 2-methoxyethanol/alcohol mixtures are determined at 298.15, 303.15, and 308.15 K. Density results are used to calculate excess molar volume. The results of speed of sound data, refractive index, and viscosity are used to calculate the changes in isentropic compressibility, molar refractivity, and viscosity. These properties are fitted to the Redlich-Kister type equation. Intermolecular interactions in mixtures of 2-methoxyethanol with alcohols have led to rather widely varying excess molar volumes from negative to large positive values, depending on the size of the alcohols. McAllister's three-body-interaction model is used to correlate the binary kinematic viscosities, and results are compared with those from Lobe's relation. Furthermore, speed of sound data for mixtures are calculated from the theoretical relation of Auerbach


Natural language speech user interfaces offer a compelling choice of user interaction for the automotive market. With the increasing number of domains in which speech applications are applied, drivers must currently memorize many command words to control traditional speech interfaces. In contrast, natural language interfaces demand only a basic understanding of the system model instead of memorizing keywords and predefined patterns. To utilize natural language interfaces optimally, designers need to better comprehend how people utter their requests to express their intentions. In this study, we collected a corpus of utterances from users who interacted freely with an automotive natural language speech application. We analyzed the corpus by employing a corpus linguistic technique. As a result, natural language utterances can be classified into three components: information data, context relevant words, and non context relevant vocabulary. Applying this classification, users tended to repeat similar utterance patterns composed from a very limited set of different words. Most of the vocabulary in longer utterances was found to be non context restrictive providing no information. Moreover, users could be distinguished by their language patterns. Finally, this information can be used for the development of natural language speech applications. Some initial ideas are discussed in the paper.


Aiming at the coupling of traffic laws and traffic participants in the current smart car decision-making process, and the lack of systematic processing of traffic laws, this paper proposes an optimal driving behavior decision-making method based on multi-objective optimization. This paper uses a multi-objective optimization method to establish macro path following indicators, collision risk indicators, traffic efficiency evaluation indicators, and driving burden evaluation indicators to solve the problem of convergence to local solutions and divergence when the existing methods are solved. In addition, the evaluation of the macro path followability is established to ensure that the selected area meets the macro path. In the collision risk assessment, the method based on the hidden Markov model is used to identify the driving intention of the target car, and establish lane occupancy characteristics to determine the risk of collision and the possibility of movement based on the statistical characteristics of the driving habits of object cars. After verification and comparison with existing methods, the optimal driving behavior decision method proposed in this paper is effective and performs well.


The article presents the results of the research of morphology and porous structure of medical clays. The specific surface area, volume of pores and the average size of pores were identified.


The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hook-and-loop fastener which detachably bonds different planar members, in which an exposed portion is consistently a loop type, and which is soft as well as gentle on skin or clothing fibers. Provided is a hook-and-loop fastener member which detachably bonds different planar members, comprising: a first tape body, one primary surface whereof has a plurality of loop bodies disposed thereupon; a second tape body, one primary surface whereof has a plurality of loop bodies disposed thereupon; and a third tape body, whereupon a plurality of hook bodies are disposed upon both surfaces thereof. The third tape body is positioned to be sandwiched between the first tape body and the second tape body, the plurality of loop bodies of the first tape body and the plurality of hook bodies of one of the surfaces of the third tape body are engaged, and the plurality of loop bodies of the second tape body and the plurality of hook bodies of the other of the surfaces of the third tape body are engaged, thus bonding the different planar members.


In this paper, starting from the relation between the Anderson–Grüneisen parameter δ(T, P) and the second Grüneisen parameter q, we obtain a new computing formula for the volume and pressure dependence of the Grüneisen parameter γ at high temperature. Applying this formula to sodium chloride, lithium, sodium, and potassium in different pressure ranges, we find that the calculated values of the Grüneisen parameter γ are in good agreement with the experimental values.


Objective:To establish the identification of Fructus Lych and content determination of Adenosine for Aopishen Capsules.Methods:Fructus Lych was identified by TLC,and the content of Adenosine was determined by HPLC.Results:Fructus Lych could be identified by TLC.Adenosine showed a good linear relationship at a range of 0.179 2~0.537 6 μg, r=0.999 8.The average recovery was 97.7%,and RSD was 1.73%.Conclusion:The methods are accurate and can be used for the quality control of Aopishen Capsules.


Percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL)is one of the modem and microinvasive method to cure Urinary calculus.There are some complications during this process.We reported a case of severe hypoxia during PCNL under epidural block.The woman who coughed and chilled just after the procedure,then headed to acute pulmonary edema and severe sepsis,which brought her to shock then disseminated intravascular coagulation and multiple organ disufficiency syndron.The case gave us a lesson that we should take more attention while patients presented abnormal cough,shilling and hypoxemia,which indicated a severe condition of PCNL,a stepwise measure should be taken to prevent severe sepsis and lung edema.

Key words:
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy;  Severe sepsis;  Acute respiratory distress syndrome;  Lung edema


Nowadays,as to the right of habitation,it has been internationalized by international agreements and constitutionalized by constitution of some countries.Meanwhile,it has been reflected in some countries' administrative law to make the residents have their houses to different degrees respectively.Furthermore,it is necessary to legalize habitation in civil law and to make it more concrete or be recorded in private laws.


Discussions on Problem-based learning (PBL) is discussed to establish significant relationships between the two variables and to identify whether there is or not any innovation with regard to PBL application within the teaching process. The crucial point is current status of teaching within its different modalities, due to recent negative criticisms on quality and efficaciousness. Current research comprises a systematic review of the literature, with qualitative and exploratory nuances. A descriptive and bibliometric analysis was undertaken in 21 articles in the SCOPUS database. Although not fashionable, BBL proposes a rethinking on the traditional methods of teaching and suggests innovation in pedagogical practices. It should be planned within pre-established criteria for the study area. In other words, it should attend to indicators of educational innovation and in accordance to the applied context.


The digital economy's influence on society and the traditional economy is deepening, owing to the wide application of digital technology in production and life. The question of how the digital economy affects the employment structure has become a hot issue to discuss. To explore the impact of the digital economy on the labour structure, this paper selected China's thirty-one provincial panel data between 2013 and 2020 and utilized the static panel model. On the whole, the proportion of employment in the secondary sector to the total employment rate is declining with the development of the digital economy. The proportion of employment in the tertiary sector to the total employment has increased due to enhancement in the degrees of development in the digital economy. From the perspective of different regions, in the eastern and middle part, improvement in the digital economy has reduced the proportion of employment in the primary sectors to the total employment rate while increasing the proportion of employment in the tertiary sector to the total employment rate and optimizing the industrial structure. Employment in the manufacturing and construction industries in the secondary sector is significantly negatively affected by the development of the digital economy. In addition, the mining industry and utility employment (Production and Supply of Gas, Heat, Water, and Electricity) are not significantly affected by the progress of the digital economy.


Chronic portocaval anastomosis in the rat increases brain tryptophan and tyrosine, and thus 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) (Curzon, Kantamaneni, Fernando, Woods & Cavanagh, 1975) and octopamine synthesis anastomosis also showed significantly less ambulation than sham-operated animals, and midbrain tryptophan, 5-HT and 5-HIAA were all significantly raised. Ambulation by anastomosed rats was not significantly decreased further by tryptophan, although midbrain tryptophan and 5-HT (but not 5-HIAA) rose significantly. Ambulation was significantly decreased and all biochemical measures significantly increased in tryptophan-treated anastomosed rats when compared with the sham-operated group given saline. Brain tryptophan rose more strikingly in anastomosed rats than in sham-operated animals given tryptophan. These results are suggestive of an association between raised brain tryptophan, and/or 5-HT turnover, and central disturbances in liver failure.


Received: Revised: Accepted: Online available: April 14, 2015 September 16, 2015 September 22, 2015 January 09, 2016 The aim of this study was to reveal whether there is a difference between expression of the liver Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP 70) and gender in rats exposed to cold stress by using histopathological and immunohistochemical techniques. The study was performed on totally 40 Sprague-Dawley rats [24-week old male (n=20) and female (n=20) rats weighing ~200 and ~220 g, respectively]. The rats were divided into four groups randomly; each group consisted of ten rats (n=10). The first (female) and second (male) groups were accepted as control groups and the third (female) and fourth (male) groups were considered as stress groups. The rats in the third (stress female) and fourth (stress male) groups were exposed to cold (4oC) 2h/day for 10 days. Then, all of the groups were sacrificed and the livers were collected for histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluations. Histopathological examination of the control group animals showed normal hepatic tissue histology. By contrast, histopathological examination of the stress group animals demonstrated prominent degenerative changes. There were no statistically significant differences in livers of the male and the female stress groups in terms of histopathological changes. The expression of HSP 70 in varying degrees was determined in the liver of both control and stress groups. As severity of lesion increased, the expression of HSP 70 decreased at the same rate. The expression of HSP 70 in livers of the female rats was higher than that of the male rats (P<0.05). ©2015 PVJ. All rights reserved


We examine the sale of equity within the context of a model of negotiation between afirm and a less well informed purchaser. We introduce a simpleform of negotiation by allowing the firm to set the price of the issue and by assuming that the purchaser is a financier-underwriter who acts strategically. this transaction is analyzed as a noncooperative game, and we identify sequential equilibria that are consistent with observed behavior: namely, that negotiations occasionally fail, that market reactions to equity offers are not uniformly negative, and that equity placements are often underpriced.


The present study was carried out to study coumestan derivative wedelolactone in Indomethacin-induced enterocolitis in rats. Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups containing six animals per group. Group I served as normal control. Group II, Group III & Group IV receive 7.5 mg/kg, s.c, indomethacin on two consecutive days. Group III and Group IV have received a wedelolactone dose of 50 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg per oral, respectively, for 14 days after the induction with indomethacin. The protective effect was measured based on intestinal parameters of the disease activity index, colitis score, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the colon. The inflammation biomarkers were quantified by ELISA in the rat colon. Further, activity was ascertained by histopathology. Pro-inflammatory functions IL-1a, IL-1b, IL-2, TNF, INFγ, STAT3, and CCL-5 play an important role in the variation of the intestinal immune system. Wedelolactone showed significantly decreased Disease activity index, Colitis score, Myeoloperoxidase activity. Expression of pro-inflammatory was increased in indomethacin-induced groups and was significantly suppressed in animals administered with wedelolactone at 50 mg/kg & 100 mg/kg dose (p<0.01 & p<0.001). Histological reports also revealed that treated groups have comparatively less damage than that of the induced groups. We concluded that wedelolactone showed an anti-inflammatory effect by downregulation of the IL-6/STAT3 inflammatory signaling pathway and the equilibrium production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.


Simple Summary Jaundice is a common clinical presentation of cholangiocarcinoma; however, the prognostic impact of this symptom is poorly understood. We retrospectively analyzed all consecutive cases presenting with jaundice between January 2010 and December 2017. During the study period, 200 patients (0.049% of all admissions) with CCA were identified. Most of them presented with advance disease, and median survival was 4.5 months. Age, stage of disease, presence of jaundice at the moment of diagnosis, and lack of concomitant viral hepatitis were associated with better survival. A nomogram was constructed that significantly predicts short term survival and could be used to tailor management. Abstract Cholangiocarcinomas (CCAs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors that arise from the biliary tract. Jaundice is a common clinical presentation; however, the prognostic impact of this symptom is poorly understood, and current management recommendations lack solid evidence. We aim to assess the clinical outcomes and predictive factors of CCA patients presenting with jaundice in the Emergency Room (ER). We retrospectively analyzed all consecutive ER cases presenting with jaundice between January 2010 and December 2017. During the study period, 403,766 patients were admitted to the ER, 1217 (0.3%) presented with jaundice, and in 200 (0.049%), the diagnosis was CCA. CCA cases increased during the study period (p for trend 0.026). Most of them presented with advance disease (stage III 46.5%, stage IV 43.5%) and median survival was 4.5 months (95% CI 3.4–6.0). Factors associated with better survival were age, stage of disease, presence of jaundice at the moment of diagnosis, and lack of concomitant viral hepatitis. A nomogram was constructed that significantly predicts 1-month, 6-month, and 1-year survival after patients' admission. In conclusion, the majority of CCA patients presenting with jaundice to the ER have advanced disease and poor prognosis. Risk stratification of these patients can allow tailored management.


As the Web's popularity continues to grow and as new uses of the Web are developed, the importance of measuring the performance of a given Website as accurately as possible also increases. In this chapter, we discuss the various uses of Web analytics (how Web log files are used to measure a Website's performance), as well as the limitations of these analytics. We discuss options for overcoming these limitations, new trends in Web analytics—including the integration of technology and marketing techniques—and challenges posed by new Web 2.0 technologies. After reading this chapter, readers should have a nuanced understanding of the "how-to's" of Web analytics.


Opinions vary, but I recommend an antibiotic for patients with prosthetic joints who have rheumatoid arthritis or other risk factors before dental procedures known to induce bleeding.


Aim To create an animal model for local change of shear stress to analyze the arterial wall response at different patterns of fluid shear stress. Methods 24 mice were equally randomized into three group (1 h group,4 h group and 24 h group) and one normal control group. A stenosis was set up with a cast attached to the wall of the abdominal aorta to change flow condition in test group. The parameters of hemodynamics and the internal diameter of blood vessel were measured by color Doppler flow imaging. The wall shear stress was calculated by Poiseiulle hydrodynamics formula (τm=η×4×Vm/D). Pathological examination and immunohistochemistry were performed to observe the arterial morphological changes and the endothelial P-selectin expression. The intimal-media thickness and adventitia thickness of the aorta were measured and endothelial P-selectin expression intensity was analyzed qualitatively. Results Regions of low shear stress and oscillatory shear stress were created upstream and downstream of the cast respectively. Vascular remodeling and P-selectin expression in the upstream arterial wall were much more severe than those in the downstream in all observed time-points (P0.05). Conclusion Vascular remodeling and endothelial P-selectin expression could happen in a relative short time when it exposed under low shear stress,meanwhile the variant patterns of fluid shear stress may play different roles in the pathological process of artery.


The programmed movements of responsive functional hydrogels have received much attention because of their abundant functions and wide range of engineering applications. In this study, an innovative stomata‐inspired membrane (SIM) is fabricated by using a temperature‐responsive hydrogel through a simple, cost‐effective, and high‐throughput patterned photopolymerization. Polymerization‐induced diffusion on the macroscale surface results in formation of a double‐parted polymer membrane with fine pores after single illumination. After heating the SIM, the less deformable thick frame supports the whole structure and the highly deformable thin base regulates pore shape. Among various SIM types, the slit pores of monocot SIM, which are lined up in parallel, exhibit the largest radius deformation. The morphological configuration of the SIM can be easily controlled by changing the photomask for a given application. As the developed SIM features the sensing‐to‐activation functions of stimuli‐responsive hydrogels and can be easily fabricated, this membrane can be potentially used for numerous practical applications, such as filter membranes with adjustable pores, membrane‐based sensors, membrane‐based actuators, and multifunctional membranes.


In time series problems often arise that involve large discrete solution spaces. It may happen that either searching such spaces cannot be accomplished by exhaustive enumeration or satisfactory methods do not exist which are able to yield the optimal solution for problems of moderate and large size. For instance, some nonlinear model parameter estimation, subset autoregression (possibly including moving average terms), outlier identification, clustering time series are all tasks that require the right combination of several parameters to be discovered. General local search methods, also called metaheuristics, or general heuristics, proved to be able to offer useful procedures that may solve such combinatorial-like problems in reasonable computing time. We consider the three most popular general local search methods, that is simulated annealing, tabu search and genetic algorithms. Their increasingly wide application in several fields, including many "classical" problem (graph coloring, vehicle routing and salesman traveling, for instance), prompted the use of such methods in statistics and, in particular, in time series analysis. Examples of procedures will be discussed, and some comparisons between metaheuristics and well established techniques will be presented. Then, suggestions for future developments will be briefly outlined which include, for instance, filter design and wavelet filtering, outlier detection in vector time series, and threshold autoregressive moving average models.


Exhaust products from motor vehicles are known to be potentially harmful to man in that they contain substances which, if inhaled in sufficiently high concentrations, are noxious. Much is known of the composition of vehicle exhausts, but such analytical data, though essential, are of limited toxicological value unless the degree of dilution in the ambient air is known. No practical assessment of the potential danger is possible without knowing what man is likely to breathe. The highest concentrations of exhaust products to which men are regularly exposed probably occur in garages, and we are at present studying air pollution in one of London Transport Executive's garages for diesel buses. This study is being supplemented by extensive analyses of exhaust products of various diesel vehicles under different running conditions on the L.T.E. test track at Chiswick. Our work is being done in the closest cooperation with London Transport Executive, which has offered us every facility for the investigations. Our efforts have been directed initially to the study of diesel exhausts as a matter of urgency in view of recent suggestions that, because 3: 4-benzpyrene has been found in soot from diesel engines, they might be at least partly responsible for the rise in the incidence of lung cancer. It is with this urgency in mind that we have prepared an interim report of our findings with respect to smoke and benzpyrene; a detailed account of our findings with respect to all suspect pollutants will be published later.


Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) and Cooperative ITS (C-ITS) constitute one of the most rapidly growing sectors, regarding transportation research and its implementation in the wider European territory. The European Union invests in the ITS sector through the Horizon 2020 funding program; in the framework of which more than 24 projects are active for the 2014-2017 period with total funding of €140 million. Despite the significance of ITS and CITS in the European territory, there is the general assumption that some fundamental knowledge gaps exist in the fields of ITS and C-ITS. These fragmentations in knowledge lead to delays in the development and dissemination of new ITS and C-ITS technologies.In order to tackle the fragmentations derived from the knowledge gaps of ITS and C-ITS stakeholders, a variety of strategies exist and are applied worldwide, under the term Capacity Development Strategies. For each individual case of knowledge fragmentation, and based on each case's special needs and requirements, different strategies are applied. The strategies proposed in this study try to bridge all the existing fragmentations in the ITS and C-ITS dissemination process, by providing all the necessary elements and knowledge to the stakeholders, for identifying the appropriate solution. The proposed capacity development strategies are categorized based on the 5 Know-How Levels of the stakeholders as well as on the type of the organization (public authorities and ITS/ CITS stakeholders).Different strategies are also applied according to the area of responsibility and to geographic terms, for each public authority and/or stakeholder (local and national level authorities). The analysis and identification of the Capacity Development Strategies realized in this paper is based on the analysis and results from a survey conducted among European ITS and C-ITS stakeholders regarding observed knowledge gaps among stakeholders in the ITS sector.


In this paper,high voltage(HV) LDD PMOS devices with breakdown voltage of 18V have been fabricated based on 0.8μm standard CMOS process which belongs to IMECAS(Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences).To raise devices breakdown voltage,a lower impurity concentration and deeper HVN-well was designed and the LDD region implantation dose was decreased.This HV process is completely compatible with standard CMOS process.The device with W/L of 18:0.8 has a threshold voltage of about-1.5V,a leakage current of 500pA,a breakdown voltage of-19V,and a driving current of-5.6mA when the gate voltage is-10V.The HV device has the advantages of small off-state leakage current and un-increased size.It's suitable to be used in micro-display pixel driving circuits.


AIM: To assess the value of two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging( STI) in detecting early damage of left ventricular function in breast cancer patients treated with different doses of anthracycline. METHODS: Sixty-two female breast cancer patients were selected and were administered a six-cycle epirubicin-based chemotherapy. The systolic strain rate( SRs),early diastolic strain rate( SRe) and later diastolic strain rate( SRa) of left ventricular basal segments and the parameters of conventional echocardiography were measured 1 day before and the third day after each chemotherapy session and a self-control study of the parameters was conducted. RESULTS: Conventional echocardiography showed that the cumulative dose at the fifth-cycle chemotherapy and the sixth-cycle chemotherapy was,respectively,450 mg / m2and 540 mg / m2,and E/A was significantly reduced compared with that before chemotherapy( P 0. 05). STI showed that at the third-cycle chemotherapy,the cumulative dose was270 mg / m2and SRe and SRa of left ventricular basal segments began to decrease( P 0. 05). SRe and SRa reduced significantly at the fifth-cycle chemotherapy and the sixth-cycle chemotherapy( P 0. 01)as well as the reduction of SRs( P 0. 05). CONCLUSION: During chemotherapy,SRI changes appear earlier than those of conventional echocardiography. Therefore,STI is more sensitive in detecting early damage of left ventricular function caused by anthracycline in breast cancer patients.


Sometimes you will find yourself on a machine that has no inbound connections allowed, which can make even the most basic task a complete pain. Never fear, if you can initiate an outbound connection to an SSH server of your choosing, it is no problem whatsoever to remap the ports by what is known as Reverse Forwarding.


The characteristics of mesocotyl and internode growth of rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.) and wild taxa of Oryza were investigated using the following cultivars and strains : (1) 260 IRRI's core colletion and 2 Japanese cultivars (Sasanisiki and Koshihikari), (2) 9 Panama cultivars (6 used for shifting cultivation system and 3 as improved cultivars) and (3) 6 wild taxa of Oryza. Sterilized brown rice grains were cultured on 0.8% agar medium, and maintained at 30°C in the dark for 14 days. The lengths of the mesocotyl, first internode and second internode were examined. Based on the measurements of mesocotyl and internode length, the cultivars (Oryza sativa) were classified into 3 main types. Two of them, type 5 and type 6, had the longest second internode, while another one, type 0, had only mesocotyl and undeveloped internodes ; We refer to this type as "MC type". The frequencies of appearance of the two former types were 79.7% and the latter one was 14.4%. Most of the MC type cultivars were found in cultivars originated from the Indian subcontinent : Bhutan, Bangladesh, Nepal, India, and Iran. Two ancestral species of O.sativa, O.rufipogon and O.nivara, contained lots of MC type compared with those of cultivated species. The cultivars for shifting cultivation system in Panama had many MC types compared with those of improved cultivars. It is suggested that the occurance of MC type was related to the cultivation system.


200 MHz scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM) and synchrotron radiation μCT (SR-μCT) were used to assess microstructural parameters and tissue properties in site-matched regions of interest in cortical bone. Anterior and postero-lateral regions of ten cross sections from human cortical radius were explored. Structural parameters, including diameter and number of Haversian canals per cortical area (Ca.Dm, N.Ca/Ar) and porosity Po were assessed with both methods using a custom-developed image fusion and analysis software. Acoustic impedance Z and degree of mineralization of bone DMB were extracted separately for osteonal and interstitial tissues from the fused images. Structural parameter estimations obtained from radiographic and acoustic images were almost identical. DMB and impedance values were in the range between 0.77 and 1.28 g cm−3 and 5.13 and 12.1 Mrayl, respectively. Interindividual and regional variations were observed, whereas the strongest difference was found between osteonal and interstitial tissues (Z: 7.2 ± 1.1 Mrayl versus 9.3 ± 1.0 Mrayl, DMB: 1.06 ± 0.07 g cm−3 versus 1.16 ± 0.05 g cm−3, paired t-test, p < 0.05). Weak, but significant correlations between DMB and Z were obtained for the osteonal (R2 = 0.174, p < 10−4) and for the pooled (osteonal and interstitial) data. The regression of the pooled osteonal and interstitial tissue data follows a second-order polynomial (R2 = 0.39, p < 10−4). Both modalities fulfil the requirement for a simultaneous evaluation of cortical bone microstructure and material properties at the tissue level. While SAM inspection is limited to the evaluation of carefully prepared sample surfaces, SR-μCT provides volumetric information on the tissue without substantial preparation requirements. However, SAM provides a quantitative estimate of elastic properties at the tissue level that cannot be captured by SR-μCT.


Vorinostat is a novel targeted antitumor drug,which can induce cell cycle arrest and/or apoptosis by inhibiting the enzymatic activity of histone deacetylases(HDAC).It is the first HDAC inhibitor approved by FDA for the treatment of patients with cutaneous T cell lymphoma(CTCL) who have progressive,persistent or recurrent disease on or following two systemic therapies.This paper described the pharmacology and toxicology,pharmacokinetics,adverse reactions,warnings and precautions,and drug interactions of vorinostat.


Weak paternalism commits proteges to their own plans. This experiment addresses the question of whether proteges judge weakly paternalistic acts primarily by means of their consequences or on principle grounds. Subjects receive a reward for showing up to the laboratory early the next morning which decreases in time. Proteges can either self-commit to a planned time or self-liberate by preserving spontaneity. By making this binary choice proteges express their preference regarding liberty. Simultaneously, another subject is either paternalistic or liberal by making an analogous choice for them. We analyze proteges' attitudes toward both policy styles via costly reward choices. If only consequences matter, self-committers should appreciate paternalism while self-liberators should condemn it. A deontological aversion against paternalism would negate a difference between both groups. Differing judgments constitute a consequentialist pattern. However, this pattern is driven by self-liberators' clear judgments. For self-committers also a norm of non-interference into others' liberty can be identified.


Human resources have an important role in an office, namely as the spearhead for carrying out the organization's activities, because after all the progress and success of a company cannot be separated from the role and capabilities of good human resources. This study aims to determine the effect of work motivation (X1) and work ability (X2) variables partially and simultaneously on employee performance (Y). This type of research is explanatory research with a quantitative approach and is carried out using the genetic method. Genetics is a search technique that in computer science to find approximate solutions for optimization and Genetic search problems are particularly applied as computer simulations in which a population of abstract representations (called chromosomes) of candidate solutions (called individuals) to an optimization problem develops into a solution. - a better solution. This research was conducted on 40 permanent employees of the Binjai City Regional Civil Service Agency.


The anti‐tumor effect of a selective cyclooxygenase (COX)‐2 inhibitor, JTE‐522, was examined with the human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell line KB. KB cells do not produce prostaglandin (PG)‐E2. In vitro, JTE‐522 induced an increase of G1 phase‐arrested cells, suppression of platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) production and inhibition of telomerase activity. No cytotoxic effect was detected. In vivo, the growth of the tumor xenografted into nude mice was significantly suppressed by JTE‐522. Suppression of angiogenesis at the periphery of the tumor, increase of G1‐arrested cells and suppression of telomerase activity were observed, together with an increase of apoptotic cell death in the tumor. Immunological enhancement did not play a role. We concluded that the anti‐tumor effect of JTE‐522 was caused by anti‐angiogenesis action, cell cycle arrest and inhibition of telomerase activity of the tumor cells. These combined effects might induce apoptosis.


If true delight you would afford him You'd give him Adam Smith to read. A deep economist, indeed, He talked about the wealth of nations; The state relied, his friends were told, Upon its staples, not on gold—This subject filled his conversations. His father listened, frowned, and groaned, And mortgaged all the land he owned.


Kilonova spectra provide us with information of r-process nucleosynthesis in neutron star mergers. However, it is still challenging to identify individual elements in the spectra mainly due to the lack of experimentally accurate atomic data for heavy elements at near-infrared wavelengths. Recently, Domoto et al. proposed that the absorption features around 14500 Å in the observed spectra of GW170817/AT2017gfo are Ce iii lines. But they used theoretical transition probabilities (gf-values) whose accuracy is uncertain. In this paper, we derive the astrophysical gf-values of three Ce iii lines, aiming at verifying this identification. We model high-resolution H-band spectra of four F-type supergiants showing clear Ce iii absorption features by assuming stellar parameters derived from optical spectra in the literature. We also test the validity of the derived astrophysical gf-values by estimating the Ce iii abundances of Ap stars. We find that the derived astrophysical gf-values of the Ce iii lines are systematically lower by about 0.25 dex than those used in previous work of kilonovae, while they are still compatible within the uncertainty ranges. By performing radiative transfer simulations of kilonovae with the derived gf-values, we find that the identification of Ce iii as a source of absorption features in the observed kilonova spectra still stands, even considering the uncertainties in the astrophysical gf-values. This supports the identification of Ce in the spectra of GW170817/AT2017gfo.


To improve the seismic design of reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures and upgrade existing RC frame structures that have insufficient seismic design, a new suitable seismic upgraded solution, the installation of viscoelastic haunch bracing‐dampers (VHBD) to increase the seismic performance of RC frames, is proposed in this paper. For a comprehensive and systematical research about this new upgraded frames system, a comparative study on the seismic performance between 15 RC frame structure specimens by adding the VHBD with different design parameters and one common RC frame structure specimen is performed under sinusoidal dynamic loading. The specific items of seismic performance mainly include hysteresis performance, load‐bearing capacity, stiffness degradation, energy dissipation capacity, and additional damping ratio, and so on. First, on the basic of this, the material‐scale damage evolution of structure specimens at each stage is qualitatively analyzed. Then, six reasonable material‐scale damage indexes that can describe the damage evolution of the structures precisely are proposed. Finally, a quantitative comparative analysis on the material‐scale damage evolution of structure specimens in the whole process is carried out under different design parameters. The research results indicate that the upgraded scheme (reasonable design parameters of λ and θ ) proposed in this study can improve the seismic performance of RC frame structures to the appropriate level required for the design, in terms of load‐bearing capacity, stiffness, energy dissipation capacity, and damping ratio. At the same time, the failure mode of the structures can be well controlled. The occurred damage at beam‐column joints is reasonably transferred to the beam area, which can guarantee the seismic design requirements of "strong joints and weak components."


Percutaneous dilational tracheostomy (PDT) is a technique that can place a tracheostomy tube safely without visually identifying the trachea. We evaluated its feasibility during head and neck cancer surgery.

 PDT has many advantages, such as less bleeding, easier technique, and shorter procedural time.

 Twelve patients who underwent PDT during head and neck cancer surgery from September 2016 to March 2018 were enrolled, and their medical records were reviewed retrospectively. Medical records of another 12 patients who underwent conventional tracheostomy during head and neck cancer surgery were analyzed. PDT was performed using a Ciaglia Percutaneous Tracheostomy Set. The tracheostomy point was determined by palpation without the guidance of bronchoscopy or ultrasonography. Blood loss, procedural time, communication between the cervical wound and tracheostomy wound, and complications were compared between the PDT group and the conventional group.

 The PDT group had less blood loss, a shorter procedural time, and a lower incidence of communication between the cervical and tracheostomy wound. There was 1 case of conversion to conventional tracheostomy due to wrong tracheal penetration in the PDT group.

 PDT is safe and effective as an adjunctive procedure during head and neck cancer surgery.


In last Sunday's election for the Russian Duma, the ruling United Russia party, while winning a clear plurality of the votes did considerably more poorly than many expected. United Russia's vote total is hovering around 50%, but the party will still maintain a clear majority in the national legislature. Additionally, this election occurred in a media and civic context that was far from free or open; and there have been numerous accounts of various kinds of election fraud during the voting. Following the closing of the polls there have been demonstrations in Moscow and elsewhere as the Russian people express their discontent about having another election stolen. Taken together this means that for the Russian leadership, more or less everything that could have gone wrong with the election did.


It is introduced the reflect and practice of the tracing model、 project and target in the electronic information science and technology specialty in this paper


The ways in which universities and individual academics attempt to deter and respond to student plagiarism may be based on untested assumptions about particular or primary reasons for this behaviour. Using a series of group interviews, this qualitative study gathered the views of 56 Australian university students on the possible reasons for plagiarism within their institution. The results indicate a wide and disparate range of possible contributing reasons for plagiarism, including: institutional admission criteria; student understanding of plagiarism; poor academic skills; a range of teaching and learning factors; personality factors; and external pressures. These findings are compared with other findings about reasons for student plagiarism in Australasia. The implications of these findings are considered for universities and individual academics seeking to better engage with their students to minimize or marginalize plagiarism.


Recently due to march as the high oil price, It is necessary for Korea to grope a plan, which is to increase the energy efficiency of existing facilities as well as to develop overseas gas and oil resources. With this point, this work carried out to approach the high pressure LNG pipeline network of Inchon receiving terminal with Newton method as corrective flowrate. We found that the high pressure network mainly depends on FCVs(Flow Control Valves). The high pressure pump showed the maximum efficiency at the FCVs of 50% opening and could discharge LNG only above the LNG head of 1,500m from a system curve obtained. The operating cost of pumps was estimated from their operating points. We compared the operating cost under normal operation with the operating cost under maximum efficiency. Especially, we obtained the day savings of a year as wells as the hour savings of a day. From the results, the high pressure network win be able to reduce the operating cost of 138 million wons in a year. This means that a pump can reduce the operating cost of 9,823 thousands won. Consequently, this work could find the operating features of the pumps under the complicated high pressure LNG network and the savings effect of the pump operating cost. Also, the results will be able to macroscopically contribute the heightening of national energy competitiveness as well as to microscopically contribute the future effective operation of LNG receiving terminal.


Framed around a set of questions, this article traces the scholarly, institutional, and geopolitical trajectories shaping the shifting locations of Caribbean Studies within U.S. cultural anthropology over time. Drawing in part on ideas developed through their collaborative project on Caribbeanist anthropologies, the authors argue that: (1) Caribbean Studies often has held a peripheral and liminal position within U.S. academic institutions, constructions of area studies, and anthropology, at the same time that concepts and categories from the sub-field have attracted and been used by scholars in other fields at different moments, (2) the foci, "objects" and categories engaged by U.S. anthropologists' Caribbeanist research have been situated within American economic, political, and socio-cultural relations and projects with the region as well as within the U.S. over time, and (3) contemporary institutional structures and politics as well as new global technologies may shape possibilities for where Caribbean Studies is located institutionally as well as the sorts of Caribbeanist research projects and collaborations that U.S. scholars conduct. By way of conclusion, the authors propose possible institutional spaces (e.g., Africana Studies, Atlantic Studies) around which Caribbean Studies and Caribbeanist anthropologies may be most fruitfully situated.


We present a sub-nW optical wake-up receiver for wireless sensor nodes. The wake-up receiver supports dual mode operation for both ultra-low standby power and high data rates, while canceling ambient in-band noise. In 0.18μm CMOS the receiver consumes 380pW in always-on wake-up mode and 28.1μW in fast RX mode at 250kbps.


Discusses the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in mathematics. The basic principles of AI operation and its application in mathematical research are described. The advantages of using AI in mathematics are analyzed, such as increasing the efficiency and accuracy of calculations, discovering new patterns and patterns in large amounts of data, and others. However, the potential risks and challenges associated with the use of AI in mathematics are also considered, as well as the need to take into account social and ethical issues.


Application of three dimensional electrode method in wastewater treatment is a kind of original task and it was applied in sewage water treatment in this paper.It was gotten through test that the removal of pollutants followed first-rate mode and the resistance of fillings was constant and the effect of water treatment didn't change much,but energy consumption rose abruptly when input voltage increased through a certain range.


In this study, current 3 dimensional printing technologies have been critically reviewed and most suitable printer technologies for tissue scaffold building used in bioprinting has been identified. The specifications of 3 dimensional printers appropriate for biomaterials used in building artificial tissue structures include the bioplotter's ability to provide porosity, structural strength, smoothness and biodegradability conditions required for tissue engineering. The findings outlined in this paper can be useful to both academic and industry followers interested in bioprinting applications such as Scaffold Design and manufacturing by 3 Dimensional Printer Technologies.


OBJECTIVE
To predict women at risk of preeclampsia in the second trimester by the assessment of maternal cardiac output (CO).

METHODS
Between October 2001 to November 2003, we carried out a cross-sectional, prospective, hospital-base study in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Cardiac output was measured in 102 normotensive women at gestational age 19-25 weeks by Doppler echocardiography. Patients with CO >7.4 L/min were considered high risk group (Group 1) and those with CO < or =7.4 L/min were in Group II. They were followed-up until delivery and the incidence of preeclampsia was determined in both groups.

RESULTS
Twenty percent (6/30) of patient in Group 1, and 1.4% of patients in group II developed preeclampsia (p < 0.003). A cut off point of 7.34% L/min was chosen for prediction of preeclampsia that showed 85.7% sensitivity, 74.2% specificity with a negative predictive value of 98% and positive predictive value of 20%.

CONCLUSION
Cardiac out put is significantly elevated in preclinical state of preeclampsia. Echocardiography is a non-invasive method to evaluate the maternal homodynamic during the second trimester and can help to identify high-risk patient before the development of preeclampsia, thereby it may improve the outcome of pregnancy.


KEG has during the past about 30 years attained an increasing importance as a tool in clinical diagnoses. The qualitative performance in most routine EEG work has, however, practically remained unchanged during the last 25 years, only that the EEG machincs have been provided with more and more channels and a higher technical standard. The increased number of I1EG-examinations with increasing number of channels used, causes together with the enormous variability of EEG (related to wakefulness and sleep, age, bloodchemistry, sex, handedness position of electrodes, clinical diagnoses etc.) increasing difficulties of correct description and interpretation of an individual EEG. Great difficultics are also encountered in dealing with borders between different groups of individuals. Obviously there is a dcniand for a more precise description of EEGphenomena and their relation to clinical diagnoses. In fact several valuable methods have been developed to obtain a mathematical andlor statistical description of EEG. We will briefly mcntion these methods. 1. The most simple method ought to be a statistical examination of the time intervals between consecutive base-line crossings or pairs of base-line crossings, as in determining of the "alpha index" (Davis & Davis 1936) and of the "delta index" (Hoagland, Rubin & Cameron 1936, modified by FrPy 1946). This method was later on automated by Stein, Goodwin & Carvin (1949) , P F U S ~ & Noel (1949) , Young (1954). 2. A quantitation of EEG is also possible via automatic amplitude measurement as described by Drohoclci (1939), Drohocki & Drohocka (1939) . Via the Drohocki method it is possible to obtain the qumulative distribution function and via the derivative the distribution density. King ( 1951) describes an amplitude-distribution analyser for the frequency range from d.c. to 100 Hz. Thc determination of amplitude-density distribution is a valuable tool in comparing EEG phenomena with mathematical models (Saunders 1963). 3. A combination of the methods under 1 and 2 has been suggested


Grid Computing is an idea of new kind of network technology in which research work in progress. There is a great deal of hype in this technology based area for that reason; it is getting a great deal of attention of computing community. Grid Computing makes use of clusters of PCs (personal computers), network servers or other computing technology based systems. These systems are connecting jointly to deal with complex calculations, communication and collaboration. Grid Computing offers a great deal of support for offering corporations to make use of their idle computing power, or system's processing cycles, to produce a type of supercomputer arrangement. The technology of grid computing has newly transferred from customary high performance plus distributed technology based computing systems to utility and pervasive based computing arrangements. These technology based structures are having superior potentials of the wireless networks communication and collaboration as well as having thin, lightweight and remotely accessible devices. This has as produced the establishment new computing technology paradigm known as Mobile Grid Computing. (Litke, Skoutas, & Varvarigou, 2004) In grid computing paradigm, mobile or wireless based grids computing expand the potential of grid computing by means of wireless technology based devices. Presently, all through world usage of the PDAs, laptops, cell phones, and other wireless computing devices is growing that is leading to more networked wireless systems, as well as producing a gigantic collective power of unexploited resources. Mobile grid computing by means of its model of synchronized resource sharing can offer means to make use of similar resources that are general distributed all through a computing grid. We can expect to have a Grid-Net in coming future as we presently have Internet technology nowadays.


Background: The upper and lower airways form one contiguous and functionally related organ, and are frequently exposed to similar inflammatory stimuli. There is increasing interest in the possibility that disease processes in one part of the airway may be reflected or manifest in another, thereby providing opportunities for dual diagnosis and therapy. Aim of this work: is to study the effect of removal of nasal polypi by functional endoscopic sinus surgery on pulmonary function tests. Patients and methods: This prospective study was carried out at Al-Azhar University hospitals (Al-Hussein and Bab El-Shaaria) in the period between December 2018 to December 2019 on 30 patients attended to outpatient clinics of ENT department to assess the effect of FESS on pulmonary functions of patients with a chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis without any other lung diseases. Results: In the present study, we noted a significant improvement in mean FVC by (0.25 L =7.6 %) one month post operatively and by (0.43 L=13 % ) three months post operatively. Also, there is a significant improvement in mean FEV1 by (0.59 L=27.6%) one month post operatively and by (0.92 L =43.2%) three months post operatively. Also, there is a significant improvement in mean FEV1/FVC % ratio by (19.3%) one month post operatively and by (28.3%) three months post operatively. Conclusion: This prospective randomized study showed that FESS have a positive effect on the pulmonary function of patients with chronic sinusitis with nasal polypi.


Abstract So far, chemical pulp fibres have been utilized as conventional stock materials for nanocellulose production. The main aim of this work is to use stock materials from mechanical or chemi-thermomechanical pulping process to produce lignin containing nanofibres, which are referred to as nano-ligno-cellulose (NLC) in this study. The present study shows the influence on handsheets of chemi-thermomechanical pulp (CTMP) fibres blended with NLC. For comparison reasons, nanocellulose (NC) from bleached kraft pulp (BKP) was produced in a similar approach as NLC. Both the NLC and the NC were blended with their respective pulp fibres and their corresponding handsheets properties were evaluated with respect to sheet density. It was found that the handsheets of pulp fibres blended with NLC/NC improved the mechanical properties of handsheets with only a slight effect in relation to the sheet density. Improvements in strength properties of handsheets such as z-strength, tensile index, tear index, burst index, Emodulus, strain at break, tensile stiffness, air resistance were observed.


In this study, C-plane (0001) sapphire was successfully brazed to titanium using AuSn20 filler metal, following metallization on the surface of the sapphire with Sn-3Ti (wt.%). At 1000 °C, Sn-3Ti had good wettability on the surface of the sapphire, with the lowest equilibrium contact angle of 57°. The reaction phases in the joints were identified, and the typical interfacial microstructure of the brazed joint brazed at 550 °C for 30 min was titanium substrate/Au-Sn-Ti layer/Ti6Sn5 + AuSn2 + AuSn4 + massive Au-Sn-Ti/TiO phase/sapphire. The shear test was utilized to evaluate the bonding strength of the titanium/sapphire joints. The highest shear strength reached 18.7 MPa when brazed at 550 °C for 35 min. The crack was initiated at the sapphire/brazing seam interface and propagated into the Au-Sn-Ti reaction layer.


Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a common treatment for a large number of pediatric diseases. Treatment planning is based on a careful selection of patients and donors, taking into account factors contributing to a successful outcome. The aim of our study was to analyze the results of 10 years' experience in allo-HSCT gained at the Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation of the Russian Children's Clinical Hospital of the N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University. We retrospectively analyzed 506 patients who had undergone their first allo-HSCTs between January 2010 and December 2020. The study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee and the Scientific Council of the N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation. We included 243 patients who had received allo-HSCT before December 2015 and 263 patients who had received allo-HSCT after January 2016. The gender distribution was 60.1% male (n = 304) and 39.9% female (n = 202). The median age was 7.13 years. Allo-HSCT recipients were divided into two groups: 236 children with non-malignant disease, 270 children with malignant disease. In the malignant group, 89 patients were in first complete remission (CR1), 92 were in second complete remission (CR2), and 20 were in third complete remission (CR3) and beyond; 63 patients had active disease (AD); 6 patients received no prior treatment. Two hundred and twenty patients underwent allo-HSCT from a fully matched family donor (MFD), 172 from a matched unrelated donor (MUD), 33 from a mismatched unrelated donor (MMUD) and 81 from a haploidentical (mismatched) family donor (MMFD). Two hundred and eighty-eight patients received bone marrow as a stem cell source, 208 received peripheral blood stem cells; 10 transplants were performed using umbilical cord blood stem cells. The 5-year overall survival (OS) in the entire cohort was 71.34 %. The 5-year OS in the patients who had undergone allo-HSCT between 2016 and 2020 was higher (p = 0.0014). After 2015, the rates of primary graft failure, the incidence of grade III–IV acute "graft-versus-host" disease (GVHD), and recurrence rates were significantly lower. No difference in the incidence of grade III–IV acute GVHD (p = 0.494) and OS rates (p = 0.138) was seen between different sources of hematopoietic stem cells in the patients who received an HLA-compatible transplant (MFD, MUD). Chronic GVHD was significantly dependent on the severity of acute GVHD and donor type. The 3-year OS rate for the patients in CR1, CR2, ≥ CR3, and AD was 84.4 %, 60.5 %, 56.8 %, and 46 % (p = 0.0034), respectively. The relapse rate of the patients in any remission was lower than of those in active disease (p = 0.015). The transplantation-related mortality in the first 100 days after allo-HSCT was 6.92% (n = 35). The patients who had undergone allo-HSCT after 2015 had lower rates of primary graft failure, a decreased incidence of severe GVHD, improved OS and relapse-free survival rates. The frequency of grade III–IV acute GVHD strongly correlated with HLA compatibility. Chronic GVHD was less frequent in MFD recipients. The risk of chronic GVHD increased with the severity of acute GVHD. The HLA mismatch between a donor and a recipient was associated with a decrease in OS. With each subsequent remission, the OS rate decreased. The risk of recurrence was higher in the patients transplanted in active disease. The results of this study can be used in clinical practice to plan therapy, choose an optimal donor, and develop strategies for the prevention and treatment of complications.


Since 1976, a study of nutrients transported by Okanagan River to Skaha Lake in Okanagan Basin, British Columbia has been conducted by Water Quality Branch. Inland Waters Directorate as a part of the Canada-British Columbia Okanagan Basin Implementation Agreement. The purpose of this technical note is to provide a short outline of an improved method designed for nutrient flux estimation in a fluvial channel.


The present invention end plate and the membrane electrode assembly (MEA: Membrane Electrode Assembly) that has a size corresponding to, the end plate and the membrane electrode assembly, to a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell assembled by a coupling means extending through them. Solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell, at least one membrane electrode assembly 200 for reacting the fuel with air generates a voltage according to the present invention and; The membrane electrode assembly is provided in the outer electrode plate 300 for guiding the flow of the voltage generated in the membrane electrode assembly 200 of the 200 and; The membrane electrode assembly 200, a pair of end plate 100 that is provided in the outer membrane, and protects the electrode assembly 200, forming an external appearance and; An insulating sheet 400 that blocks the provided between the end plate 100 and the electrode plate 300, not the voltage moves along the electrode plate 300 is transmitted to the end plate (100) and; The membrane electrode assembly 200, through insulating plate 400 is fastened to the inserted into the cooling water flow path 110 for guiding the cooling water flow direction, a state where the membrane electrode assembly 200, through insulating plate 400 between so as not separated from one another It is configured to include; coupling means (500) for. According to the present invention as, since the volume is significantly reduced can be a number of possible advantages fuel cell is accommodated in a limited space. Fuel cells, the coupling means, the end plate, the electrodes, through-


Introduction: The identification of ejecta from asteroid and comet impacts can prove especially difficult in sedimentary sequences dominated by long periods of active estuarine systems. The Carolina and Georgia coastal plains are such an environment. Yet they are well-situated to have received debris from any number of marginal marine to deep ocean impacts in the Atlantic basin over the last ~70 million years, including of course, the large Chicxulub and Chesapeake Bay events. The ejecta horizons for even those large, close impacts proved challenging due to the typical inability of estuarine systems to deposit regionally continuous layers coupled with their ability to incise deep, wide, and migratory valleys capable of obliterating any regionally extensive strata that might have formed. Nevertheless, we were eventually able to constrain where those ejecta fit into the successions [1, 2] at least on the scale of hundreds of square kilometers. Efforts to correlate impact horizons over thousands of square kilometers across the region are significantly more difficult but are worthwhile to pursue for three reasons. First, when impacts horizons can be correlated across such systems, they provide precise time markers that otherwise can be elusive. Second, regional correlations may be necessary to understand subtle changes to the ecology. And finally, accurate regional correlations are important to sort out exactly how many impacts are recorded. In cut-an-fill systems, it is an ever-present concern that ejecta from a single event might be spread vertically over a large temporal space just as multiple events can be merged into one single gravel bed. Of special interest in east-central Georgia to westcentral South Carolina are those strata deposited during the middle to latest Eocene and early Oligocene. Not only are the sequences thick, they often are exposed by commercial mining as the high walls in clay mines and overburden in aggregate quarries. They span a time of time of important global climate change [3] from "hothouse to icehouse" as well as period of probable increased flux of asteroids to the inner solar system [4]. We review the evidence, and new results, for several impacts, including Chicxulub and Chesapeake Bay, which may have contributed to the sediment supply and architecture of this coastline throughout the Paleogene. Upper Oligocene. Taylor et al [5] reported extraterrestrial magnetic spherules in the upper Oligocene Ashley Formation from Sullivan's Island, South Carolina. It is unclear whether or not these spherules represent an impact event, an airburst, or some other delivery of cosmogenic material to the ocean basin.


This paper introduces a reconfigurable power splitter that enables the implementation of a co-designed integrated front-end for Transceivers (TRx) towards Joint Communication and radar Sensing (JC&S) applications. Unlike the previous works, this work offers a flexible, compact, full-duplex, and fully-integrated solution in CMOS technologies with the help of a transformer-based power splitter, mm-wave switches, and digital control signals. For the proof of concept, the proposed reconfigurable power splitter is implemented on a silicon die in 22 nm FD-SOI technology within a compact core area of 0.1mm2. S-parameter measurements were carried out in K-band, the frequency range at which the power splitter is tuned. Finally, this work reports the achieved results in every possible mode of a JC&S system.


A singly tuned X-band IMPATT amplifier is simulated on a hybrid computer and results are given for the amount of conduction current modulation present in the device as a function of the period, T, with the ac voltage across the diode held fixed, Using Sjolund's large-signal noise theory which relates the conduction current modulation to the noise measure, M, curves are presented showing a logarithmic relation between M and the period, T, with M increasing for larger T. An approximate theory is given to explain this behavior. These noise measure results are compared to the IMPATT power-output data to give a qualitative understanding of the rate of noise degradation with power output in relation to frequency of operation. It is shown that, for minimum noise degradation, the IMPATT should be operated at or above the frequency corresponding to maximum power output for a given ac voltage across the diode. This information can be used to establish a criterion for minimum noise degradation during intermediate and large signal operation.


Video source may be located on the Internet, for example, in conjunction with a graphical browser control provided by using a particular video at these sources may be selected for subsequent playback. These controls allow the use by adding a specific video segment to play list to select a particular video clip for the subsequent reproduction. When the user is in a desired composition playlist order, select playback of the playlist. Playlist may be displayed for a user on a video such as high definition television displays remote display or the like. At the same time, the user's view of the computer screen to display the controls, the control view allows users to view and add comments and control video playback on an HDTV screen.


The paper briefly introduces information inquiry system,specifies the technology of Web Services,puts forward a model of information inquiry system based on Web Service,and at last provides the system functions and realization of a part of modules.


Angiogenesis plays critical roles in the pathogenesis of ischemic heart diseases and peripheral vascular diseases. The objective of this study is to examine the role of autophagy in angiogenesis. Using cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC), autophagy was induced either by nutrient‐deprivation or by overexpression of ATG5. Both treatments significantly increased autophagosome formation and increased expression of light chain3 II (LC3II). Interestingly, both nutrient‐deprivation and ATG5 overexpression increased EC tube formation, migration as well as wound‐healing process. To determine whether autphagy is required process for angiogenesis, EC were treated with a specific auotphagy inhibitor 3‐methyladenine (3‐MA) or Beclin‐1 siRNA to suppress autophagy activation. Interestingly, 3‐MA or Beclin‐1 siRNA greatly decreased EC tube formation, migration and wound‐healing under nutrient‐deprived conditions, and blocked VEGF‐induced tube formation and migration. Autophagy inhibition did not affect the expression of VEGF, PDGF and integrin αV. Furthermore, autophagy inhibition decreased AKT activation and ROS production, two important contributors to angiogenesis. In conclusion, we report for the first time that autophagy appears to be essential for angiogenesis and that targeting autophagy provides an important new route in treating cardiovascular diseases.


The CDMA forward link consists of multiple users' signals transmitted synchronously by a base station. In current CDMA systems, the mobile user has knowledge only of its own spreading code; therefore, blind interference suppression (IS) algorithms are required to cancel the multiple access interference (MAI). An algorithm using auto-regressive spectrum estimation (ARSE) methods is introduced to allow the mobile to determine all of the codes that the base station is transmitting. The technique is based on computing an orthogonal code spectrum, analogous to the traditional Fourier spectrum, by correlating each code with the received signal. This technique allows a simple, single stage, joint interference cancellation (JIC) algorithm to be applied to remove the effects of the other users. It is shown that this technique can improve forward link performance by up to 2 dB over interference suppression (IS) techniques such as minimum mean square error (MMSE), with the added advantage of lower sample support requirements which allows fast computation and adaptivity to a changing environment. Application of the technique to asynchronous data is also discussed.


Since tubes have numerous industrial applications, different attempts are focused on the severe plastic deformation processes of tubes. As an illustration, tube channel pressing (TCP) is an attractive process for this purpose since it can be used for processing of different sizes of tubes. However, more attempts are needed to improve the outcomes of TCP. For example, imposing of a greater strain besides reductions of the strain heterogeneity are the challenges of this process. This work is aimed to optimize the die geometry of TCP through a finite element simulation procedure verified by experiments in order to increase the imposed strain as well as to decrease the strain heterogeneity. Results show that the increase of die curvature radius causes decrease of imposed plastic strain and increase of strain heterogeneity. In addition, the minimum amount of die convex height for imposing of a reasonable strain through TCP is calculated considering the tube thickness and the channel angle. Besides this, the optimum die geometry is recommended in order to minimize the strain heterogeneity.


Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility is the first homemade third-generation of synchrotron radiation light source in China. To satisfy the requirements of scientists who use synchrotron radiation light sources doing various kinds of research, about more than 60 beamlines and hundreds experimental station will be set up. In the first stage of SSRF, 7 beamlines have been built. Among of them, 5 beamlines have used inserting devices(IDs) including both of wigglers and undulators. To support stable and long life beam, the control part of these IDs must focus on high stability and high precision. Thus, Simens PLC, which has been widely used in industrial control fields, was used as local device controllers to control the motors. About upper layer control, we adopted a kind of embedded EPICS controller to implement the control of correction coil power supplies and PLC. This embedded EPICS controller is based on a commercial Ethernet/Serial converter which running MontaVista linux as its operation system. Beyond this, Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System(EPICS) IOC Core program and several kinds of device control drivers were integrated to it. After several months using, the whole system works stably. Details of the necessary integration work and operation performance will be discussed in this paper.


ABSTRACT Theory on trust development, dissolution, and restoration suggest that trust is a dynamic state that varies in predictable and often systematic ways. Empirical research, however, lags behind the theoretical development, particularly with respect to understanding the trajectory of trust. This article reviews theory on dynamics of trust and some of the limitations in empirical research on these theories. We then describe an established but underutilised longitudinal analytic method that promises to foster significant theoretical refinements. We provide an illustrative example and discuss implications for future research.


Objectives: Botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) injection into the detrusor muscle has changed therapy options for patients with overactive bladder (OAB). However, in some patients, therapy fails or the effects of BTX-A decrease. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the incidence of BTX-A antibodies (BTX-A Abs) after injection of BTX-A and its clinical relevance. Methods: 31 patients (27 women, 4 men) were treated with BTX-A for OAB between January 2009 and August 2010. Eleven patients were treated once, 16 patients were treated twice and 4 patients were treated three times. Blood was collected before and 3 months after the BTX-A injection and BTX-A Abs were determined. Results: In 5 patients (16%) BTX-A Abs were detectable after the BTX-A injection. The BTX-A Ab titer was clearly positive in 1 patient (3.2%). This patient showed complete failure of BTX-A therapy. In 4 patients (13%) BTX-A Abs were slightly positive after the first BTX-A injection. The second BTX-A injection showed no positive effects in only 1 patient with borderline BTX-A Ab titers; the second BTX-A injection was successful in 2 patients. Conclusions: The incidence of BTX-A Abs should be verified in nonresponders. More data are necessary to check the clinical relevance and risk of BTX-A Ab formation, especially in long-term follow-up, to optimize patient selection for this minimally invasive treatment option in OAB.


In this paper, we describe how the customization of design task, in solid modeling with CATIA V5 for two stage spur gearbox can be approached, by means of macros (piece of code) and with GUI form. The user has to supply some basic requirements of the gearbox and rest of the different parameters for design of gearbox is calculated by formulas. And then with the help of these parameters, part model of gearbox is created.


A new type of near-infrared laser responsive shape memory photonic crystals that enable the fabrication of two-way rewritable photonic patterns is reported.


Korobchyne-kurhan stone age site in the Velyka Vys River basin, in Central Ukraine is investigated for raw material and contacts. The surrounding geography and the site are presented. The extensive search of outcrops around the monument resulted in nearer outcrops than was previously expected. Scientific investigations on 15 artefacts from Korobchyne-kurhan using non-destructive microfacies analysis allows us to have a first insight in the raw materials used by the prehistoric people and to give a detailed description from the encountered silicite varieties. Interestingly artefacts, composed of two different materials were found. That work confirms the use of the local materials as well as of some other material of yet unknown origin. The exogenous material is as well testified in younger sites in the Southern Buh River valley farther to the west.


This article summarizes a reconstruction of the adjusted monetary base and adjusted bank reserves of the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. The revised figures, based on as much original source data as feasible, include changes to both the monetary (source) base and reserve adjustment magnitude (RAM). The revised figures include the new measure of RAM developed by Anderson and Rasche (2001) that interprets the operation of retail-deposit sweep programs by U.S. banks, beginning in 1994, as economically equivalent to a reduction in statutory reserve requirements. We also present new seasonal adjustment factors that incorporate adjustments for the Y2K-related surge in the monetary base and reserves.


This paper presents the progress of an ongoing research aimed at developing the number sense in third graders. Based on assessment results of a sample of elementary schools in the Municipality of Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico, we investigate the problem of mathematics learning with a cognitive approach. The study identifies the student's weakness related to their abilities to conceptualize the meaning of the numbers and its relationships. We present the main ideas of pedagogical design of a serious game developed in Scratch 2.0 that enhances the ability to identify and build sequences. Preliminary results suggest the use of a webcam to increase student's interaction and improve their numerical abilities.


School Sports guiding ideology is a product of a certain stage of social development,social development and with its development,but in a certain historical period,the comparative stability;School sports as an integral part of education and sports,will be subject to a certain socio-political,economic and educational and sports constraints,and to achieve a society in the political,economic and educational objectives and sports services;School sports as a social and cultural components that can not be entirely foreign nor entirely proper;School Sports objectives is the core guiding principle of the school.My school sports and physical education has always been fit and healthy as a fundamental goal,but not limited case study school sports guiding ideology changes that the pros and cons of the various guidelines for the development of school sports will be of practical significance.


This study investigated the hypothesis that purposeful activity is an intrinsic motivator. Affecting exertion during the performance of purposeful and nonpurposeful activity was studied in 30 elementary school students. The subjects acted as their own controls in the performance of other exercise. The three experimental exercises were jumping rope, defined as a nonpurposeful activity, and jumping rope with reinforcement, defined as purposeful activity I, and jumping rope with double reinforcement (food), defined as purposeful activity II. Duration and cessation of exercise were entirely controlled by the subject. The number of jumps were measured immediately after cessation of exercise and duration of exercise in seconds by observer. The results were as follows : 1. There was a significant difference in the required time of performance between purposeful and nonpurposeful jumping (p


We propose an asymptotically distribution-free transform of the sample autocorrelations of residuals in general parametric time series models, possibly non-linear in variables. The residuals autocorrelation function is the basic model checking tool in time series analysis, but it is useless when its distribution is incorrectly approximated because the effects of parameter estimation or of unnoticed higher order serial dependence have not been taken into account. The limiting distribution of residuals sample autocorrelations may be difficult to derive, particularly when the underlying innovations are not independent. However, the transformation we propose is easy to implement and the resulting transformed sample autocorrelations are asymptotically distributed as independent standard normals, providing an useful and intuitive device for model checking by taking over the role of the standard sample autocorrelations. We also discuss in detail alternatives to the classical Box-Pierce and Bartlett's Tp-process tests, showing that our transform entails no efficiency loss under Gaussianity. The finite sample performance of the procedures is examined in the context of a Monte Carlo experiment for the two goodness-of-fit tests discussed in the article. The proposed methodology is applied to modeling the autocovariance structure of the well known chemical process temperature reading data already used for the illustration of other statistical procedures.


Latham, Sean, ed. 2014. The Cambridge Companion to "Ulysses." New York: Cambridge University Press. $80 hc. $29.99 pc. X xv + 229 pp.Joseph Brooker points out in his contribution to this volume of new essays on Ulysses that a large proportion of the published commentary on Joyce's great novel is inevitably both repetitive and doomed to early redundancy. For the Joyce critic, this is "an occupational hazard in an industry so heavily staffed" (27). Nevertheless, as editor Sean Latham underlines here in a concise and witty preface that surveys Ulysses as a literary-cultural monument with few if any counterparts, all readers of the text require a great deal of contextual information in order to help them negotiate its complexities and obscurities. At the same time, "reading Ulysses" is for many readers a cultural aspiration or achievement unlike any other. In the words of the jacket note for this volume, Ulysses is "a work that at once entices and terrifies readers with its interwoven promises of pleasure, scandal, difficulty, and mastery." And happily, almost all the contributions collected here are unusually lucid and intelligently-argued, and together they add up to a smart and genuinely useful "companion" to the novel.Latham debates the question of "why read Ulysses?" rather than taking the value of Joyce for granted. Of course, the indisputably canonical status of the book is by now part of its importance. So reading Ulysses- which also means reading about Ulysses-gives us access to a community that encompasses generations of other readers and thinkers. Latham identifies the celebration of everyday life in Ulysses as central to its appeal. However, through this preoccupation with common experience, Joyce opens up important perspectives on "some of modernity's most confounding concepts: race, nation, gender, class, and sexuality" (xv). This understanding of the relationship between detail and the "ethical and political questions" (x v) posed by the text has clearly influenced the arrangement of the Companion.The volume is framed by introductory essays on "the career of the cultural object we call Ulysses" (xvi) covering questions of textual scholarship and reception, and by concluding essays on key theoretical issues in Joyce criticism such as discussions of his representation of the body. The two central sections encompass essays organized around ke narrative features and thematic issues, including beginnings, difficulty, interruption, and memory. This arrangement both facilitates some superb textual analysis and provides an overview of the text that avoids an episode-by-episode or issue-by-issue run through. The line up here is impressive and includes numerous leading critics of Joyce. Many of the essays, most especially perhaps the contributions from Scarlett Baron, Maud Ellmann, and Marjorie Howes, feature some coruscating close readings, together with fresh and suggestive reflections on broader issues that arise from the experience of Ulysses and our attempts to understand its effects and significance. Some of the pieces, including Brooker's and Michael Rubenstein's, reprise or summarize earlier monograph publications. But these too are likely to prove useful for students, as they are of interest either for their comprehensiveness (as with Brooker) or their novelty (in relation to Rubenstein's account of "infrastructural modernism," an innovative reading of Joyce's depiction of the urban environment in relation to his narrative experiments). …


The paper concerns basic regulations of the Law on special rules for the preparation and implementation of investments in airports for public use. Author considers the normative and practical issues in this bill, which are relevant to the construction of Lublin Airport. The article shows that such a special law is an important legal instrument in the implementation of public investments.


We present a quantum mechanical study of the reaction F+D2 at ultracold temperatures based on the potential energy surface of Stark and Werner. The reaction cross section at low energies is controlled by the tunneling through the activation barrier, a mechanism that is favored by the long duration of the collision at those energies. Differences are found in the behavior of the reactive cross section compared to that for F+H2, due to the changed mass and zero point energy. A new feature is detected in the reaction probabilities and is attributed to a Feshbach resonance corresponding to a metastable state in the exit channel.


In order to compare the difierence of protein expression in Autograph Californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) mutants, the Spodopterafrugiperda IPLB-SF-21 Cell was infected with wild type (HR3) and mutants (ts317, ts538, ts8), and incubated at permissive and nonpermissive temperature, then determined the time of protein expression with antibodies against P47, P143 and other viral structure proteins of budded virus.The results indicated; 1) P47 was expressed protein in late. The cells infected with mutants could be expressed the P47 at 25℃ and not at 33℃. 2) P143 was expressed protein early. The cells infected with mutants could be expressed the P143 at both temperature , but ts8 was the most weak. 3) Similar levels of structural proteins of AcMNPV were detected in both wild type and ts317 at 25℃, but ts538 and ts8 were slight weak than ts317-infected cell. Almost of BV proteins (except to GP64 and P2. 4) were not expressed in cells infected with ts538 and ts8 at 33℃.


Dendritic multifunctional macroinitiators having 12 TEMPO-based alkoxyamines were prepared by the reaction of a benzyl alcohol having 4 TEMPO-based alkoxyamines with 1,3,5-tris[(4-chlorocarbonyl)phenyl]benzene and 1,3,5-tris(4-isocyanatophenyl)benzene. Using the dodecafunctional macroinitiators, TEMPO-mediated radical polymerizations of styrene (St) were carried out at 120 °C, and 12-arm star polymers (star-12) with narrow polydispersities of Mw/Mn = 1.06–1.26 were obtained. To evaluate the livingness for the TEMPO-mediated radical polymerizations of St, hydrolysis of the ester bonds of the 12-arm star polymers and subsequent SEC measurements were carried out. Furthermore, using star-12 as the macroinitiator, TEMPO-mediated radical polymerization of 4-vinylpyridine (4-VP) was carried out, and well-defined poly(St)-b-poly(4-VP) 12-arm star diblock copolymers with Mw/Mn = 1.18–1.19 were obtained. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 3689–3700, 2005


DOE LABSA senior scientist fired this week by Los Alamos National Laboratory as part of a response to long-standing safety and security problems says he will contest his dismissal.


THE INDICATORS present invention relates to TEMPERATURE BASED COMPOUNDS POLIDIACETILENICOS. These indicators are constituted by at least one polydiacetylenic compound having a Thermochromism REVERSIBLE obtained by polymerizing monomer FORI, WHICH NY N 'are integers identical or different, between 2 and 21, or a mixture of monomers, wherein the monomer CITED THE STATE CRYSTAL.


Recent developments in liver surgery include the introduction of laparoscopic liver resection. The aim of the present study was to review a single institution's 10‐year experience of totally laparoscopic liver resection (TLLR).


Background: Cholecystectomy is now has become a common abdominal surgery which is mostly laparoscopic in developed countries. In USA, almost 90% of cholecystectomies are laparoscopic. For gallstone surgery, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is considered as a "gold standard". Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study which was conducted at Kumudini Women's Medical College, Mirzapur, Tangail, Bangladesh. The study was conducted in between March 2020- April 2022. The total sample size for this study was 121. Result: Most of the patients 29(24%) were aged between 20-29 years. Most of the patients 102(84%) were female whereas only 19(16%) were male. Most of the patients 61(50.4%) required 15-30 mint, 54(44.6%) required 30-60 mint and 6(5%) required more than 60 patients. 67(55%) patients stayed in the hospital for only 24 hours whereas most of the patients 42(35%) stayed for 2 days and only 12(10%) had to stay more than 2 days. Dense Adhesion was found in 4(3.3%) cases, Uncontrolled Bleeding in 3(2.5%), Fibrotic Gallbladder in 2(1.7%), and huge distended and thick Gallbladder in only 1(0.8%) case. Most common complication Wound infection was seen in 12(9.9%) patients whereas 4(3.3%) had Biliary leakage, 2(1.7%) had bile duct stricture, 2(1.7%) had Post-site Hernia. Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is considered to have the utmost advantages and is also related with less postoperative complications, reduce hospital stay, reduce the overall morbidity and mortality in comparison with open cholecystectomy.


Purpose: Important limitations for dose painting are due to treatment planning and delivery constraints. The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity of dose conformity to optimization parameters using the clinical TomoTherapy Hi‐Art treatment planning system (TPS). Materials and Methods: Uptake data from a patient who underwent a [ 61 Cu ]Cu‐ATSM PET/CT (surrogate of hypoxia) scan was retrospectively extracted for treatment planning. Extracted data was reformatted from voxel‐based to level‐based for compatibility with the Hi‐Art TPS. Optimized treatment plans were generated with physical objectives for each prescription sub‐volume modifying pitch, jaw width, modulation factor and iteration number. Effects of variations in plan parameters were simulated varying one physical parameter while keeping the other parameters unchanged. Avoidance structures were not used. The conformity of treatment plans to their non‐uniform prescriptions was evaluated via quality‐volume histograms (QVH) and percent receiving planned dose within 2 percent of prescription (Q0.98–1.02). Results: In general, the conformity of treatment plans to dose prescriptions was found to be adequate for delivery of dose painting plans. The conformity was better as the jaws decreased in width from 2.5 cm to 1.0 cm (Q0.98–1.02:64% vs 73%) and as the pitch increased from 0.122 to 0.443 (Q0.98–1.02:71% vs 73%). The effects on dose conformity of modulation factor and iteration number seem to be insensitive to change. Treatment delivery times varied from 5–11 minutes for changes in field width (2.5 cm to 1.0 cm) and from 11–25 minutes for changes in pitch (0.443 to 0.122). Conclusions: This investigation demonstrates the ability of the helical tomotherapy to create and deliver plans with non‐uniform dose distributions. Results indicate that agreement in prescription dose and planned dose distributions for all treatment plans are sensitive to physical parameter changes such as pitch and field width but insensitive to changes in modulation factor and iteration number.


A method of well test interpretation with video image was presented.According to the size of the object on the video image,the size of target in the well was calculated by using camera lens optics imaging principle.Based on the characteristics of the video image,the particular part of the image was binarized to separate oil and background,so analogous oil ratio in appointed depths could be calculated.First smoothing process was applied to the video images,and then the number of the oil holes in the appointed depths was calculated out by the edge detection of Gauss Laplace operator.The ellipse edge of the casting was revised to round-like edge of vertical well axle based on geometric rectification technology.


The purpose of this study shall be to determine whether or not any relationship exists between child-rearing attitudes of parents and anxiety in their children. Not only will the attitudes of the mothers be concerned, but also those of the fathers.


Due to the importance of the pollution of cars, buses and tracks from Diesel engines, the Centro Sviluppo Materiali, of Rome has studied a particular device for the electrostatic precipitation and the combustion of the particulate from exhaust gases. After the study and the construction of the device, many tests controlled by the Ministry of Transport, both on engines of 2,500 cc and 9,600 cc have been undertaken. The reliability tests were carried out on an urban and extra-urban buses. The design of the device and the results of the tests are described.


: Linde F (K) zeolite is used for removing Zn II from aqueous solution. The zeolite is synthesized between fly ash and 8 M KOH solution by hydrothermal process (liquid/solid = 5 and 95 ºC). The XRD and SEM-EDS are used to study zeolite characteristics. The studying experiment parameters are adsorption temperature, zeolite dosage and solution pH. The results show that Zn II removal could be improved by increasing temperature. The optimal solution pH and most efficient zeolite dosage is 7 and 5 g/L respectively. Pseudo-second order model and Langmuir isotherm shows better calculation results for the adsorption of Zn II on Linde F (K). The endothermic adsorption process is spontaneous and the adsorption becomes more spontaneous with temperature increasing.