ion, the tool of enlightenment, treats its objects as did fate, the notion of which it rejects: it liquidates them. — Theodor W. Adorno, Dialectic of Enlightenment Adorno was able to flee Nazi persecution in 1934, beginning a twentyyear exile that took him first to London, then to New York in 1938, and soon after to Santa Monica, California. He remained there for roughly a decade, joining a contingent of German émigrés. Some languished in the intellectual lacuna of Hollywood life, others energetically joined the assembly line of the culture industry, and others still continued their work in critical theory— this time with American culture as their subject. Thus, while he did not experience the overt violence of the war firsthand, Adorno's work 25. Cambridge Companion to Adorno, ed. Tom Huhn (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004), 17; my emphasis. boundary 2 Published by Duke University Press 32 boundary 2 / February 2015 is driven by the arrival of disaster he alerts us to in the opening sections of both Dialectic of Enlightenment and Minima Moralia. Indeed, the title of the latter text— an ironic, aphoristic, and chastened reversal of Aristotle's inquiry into "the teaching of the good life" in Maxima Moralia (MM, 15)— hints at the fact that philosophical system building is no longer possible. According to Adorno, philosophy's effort to explain the world via reason has turned into its opposite. Insight must be sought not through pursuit of the universal but in the return of the particular.26 The particular in question is lived experience— the raw encounter of the individual with existential conditions. Adorno is almost apologetic for the aphoristic form of his text, telling us that "our perspective of life has passed into an ideology which conceals that fact that there is life no longer." Adorno explains: "Social analysis can learn incomparably more from individual experience[,] . . . while conversely the large historical categories, after all that has meanwhile been perpetrated with their help, are no longer above suspicion of fraud. . . . In face of the totalitarian unison with which the eradication of difference is proclaimed as a purpose in itself, even part of the social force of liberation may have temporarily withdrawn to the individual sphere" (MM, 18). Spanos, on the other hand, was in 1943 the eighteenyearold son of a family of Greek immigrants living in New Hampshire. While Adorno fled a selfimmolating European war, Spanos was thrown toward it in the most material sense. Drafted like so many others into the war effort, he served with distinction, enduring enormous hardships in the war's most difficult moments. Spanos's story of exile begins at home, with a recitation of his uneasy "assimilation" (a term he places in quotation marks throughout his memoir) in patrician New England. His tale begins in Newport, New Hampshire, where his family settled after a short stay in Worcester, Massachusetts, and where he saw firsthand the ambiguities of the "benign" American mythos of the melting pot. Spanos makes clear early on that he never "felt at ease" in his parents' chosen immigrant home, a discomfort he attributed at first to his own subjective inadequacy. In this regard, he embodies a classic sociocultural phenomenon: a subject that internalizes, and takes the blame for, cultural and existential conditions beyond his control. Lacking a theoretical foundation with which to comprehend his situation, he describes his status 26. The significance of the "return of the particular" (or the object, in Adorno) cannot be emphasized too strongly. The particular always brings errancy with it. The particular always refuses colonization. boundary 2 Published by Duke University Press Clark / War, Home, and Permanent Exile 33 as follows: "I attributed this persistent disorientation and my sense of dislocation to the limitations of my ethnic culture. I was, indeed, a barbarian. What I remember most vividly— to my present shame— about those early years was, therefore, my willful effort to suppress my lowly 'Greekness' and to assimilate myself into the higher ways of the dominant AngloProtestant culture. I was becoming a ventriloquized dummy" (NZ, 3). Spanos remembers himself as a subject whose identity was privately understood as lacking in some public way. He also remembers, however, a youthful intuition that as an immigrant he was a participant in the larger opposition of civilization and barbarism. The social was already the personal, and his private sense of inadequacy manifested itself as subjective deficiency. Adorno describes a similar feeling in Minima Moralia when he suggests that privacy— or individual autonomy— has become a trap: "Whatever was once good and decent in bourgeois values, independence, perseverance, forethought, circumspection, has been corrupted utterly. . . . Privacy has given way entirely to the privation it always secretly was, and with the stubborn adherence to particular interests is now mingled fury at being no longer able to perceive that things might be different and better" (MM, 34). Spanos's experience at that point, one can imagine, was not terribly different from that of any of the multitude of early twentiethcentury immigrants in the United States. The eruption of World War II would radically transform his life. After he was drafted, Spanos recounts the disciplinary preparations he received as an infantryman, and the ways those disciplinary practices both militated against and reinforced the segregated and hierarchical civilian culture of the time. Many of the tales he tells are archetypal components of the basic training experience: the hazing, the denigration, the reduction of individual subjectivity in the name of allegiance to the unit. Even as he tells of these moments, he recalls warmer tales of the camaraderie that developed among some of his fellow recruits, and of the tenuous sincerity of the friendships he developed. He made friends; when the command reassigned them, they vanished. In one of the most poignant moments of the memoir, he tells us of two friends he had made during training, Tom and Bob. They were assigned to a different platoon, and he never saw them again. "Nor did I ever find out, except in imagination, what happened to them during the disaster that befell our division in Belgium" (NZ, 20). He describes the herding of troops into transport vehicles during his basic training, a process of objectification and reduction of subjectivity that he would experience again as a prisoner of the German army one year boundary 2 Published by Duke University Press 34 boundary 2 / February 2015 later, and which itself had been so terrible a feature of Nazi extermination of the Jews. Although these were relatively common military experiences, they assume greater luminescence in light of the experiences that were to follow, and in the arc of Spanos's lifetime of critical inquiry. Spanos was experiencing, on an existential level, something that would continue to occupy his life's work: the sacrificial component in culture, and the infinite replaceability of the individual in an administered universe. Spanos's military experience is a microcosm of the disciplinary culture of the modern world, and of a culture whose impulse toward conceptual totalization suppresses and erases narrative difference— including such narrative differences that manifest themselves as simple human eccentricity, uniqueness, or as an individual human life itself. Spanos goes on to tell of his deployment to the European Theater of Operations (itself an ironic euphemism for the terrors of that place). He recounts his involvement in the early, victorious moments of the Battle of the Bulge, the powerful German counterattack, his capture in the Ardennes forest by German troops, and his incarceration in a prisoner of war camp near Dresden. In probably the most striking passage of his memoir, he describes hiding in a massive garbage pit with four fellow soldiers as they are captured by a squad of German soldiers. Assuming that the Germans would soon kill him, he had an epiphany, which he recalls with stunning clarity: I cannot, nor will I try to, explain "it" rationally. I will only say that before this terrible revelatory instant with my eyes shut and selfblinded to the unspeakable reality of what loomed before me, I had lived my life simply as life— bare life. . . . Facing the stark image of its instant termination, my life suddenly took on infinite possibilities of body and mind, possibilities of which I was never or had only intuitively been aware, the potential of empowerment, of real freedom, I would say now, if this word had not been corrupted as it has by modern democracies. And that this empowerment was not only a potential in me but in every human being on the face of the earth. Everyone, high and low, has a history. I vowed . . . that if I ever returned to the world, I would dedicate myself in the name of this life to resisting those various inhuman forces, no matter their provenance, that marginalized groups of human beings— denied them histories— in order to feed their own, central, will to power. (NZ, 49) boundary 2 Published by Duke University Press Clark / War, Home, and Permanent Exile 35 Spanos captures an existential truth that he later would recognize during his study of Fyodor Dostoyevsky, a truth that might just as well have come out of the writing of Albert Camus. The absurd impossibility of his situation creates a boundary phenomenon— a moment of perverse clarity— that crystallizes his own sense of weary subjectivity. The moment undermines his personal autonomy while buttressing a position— almost like an actor on a stage— of heroic refusal and resistance. Like Meursault in The Stranger, Spanos seems to open himself to the indifference of the universe, while refusing the foreclosed and dedifferentiating narrative of the powersthatbe.27 He asks himself if the circumstances of his cap


DIS 5.4.0 DTD YGAST60703 proof 2 March 2017 12:58 am ce Gastroe 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 Question: A 75year-old woman with a history of chronic obstructive lung disease, alcoholic cirrhosis, and a recent episode of polymicrobial bacteremia (Enterococcus avium and Bacteroides) at an outside hospital 2 months before presentation was admitted with short85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 ness of breath and abdominal pain. Blood cultures on hospital day 1 demonstrated vancomycin-resistant enterococcus bacteremia. She was placed on daptomycin but developed hypotension, oliguria, and altered mental status. She was diagnosed with septic shock. Review of a recent computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen and pelvis at the time of polymicrobial bacteremia demonstrated an intrauterine device (IUD) that hadmigrated out of the uterus (Figure A). The IUDwas removed the next day. A barium enema performed the following day was reported to demonstrate a contained perforation (Figure B). Evaluation of potential infectious source was performed, including esophagogastroduodenoscopy, small bowel capsule endoscopy, chest radiography, whole body positron emission tomography/CT, hepatobiliary scan, transthoracic echocardiogram, CT angiogram of the abdomen and pelvis, flexible sigmoidoscopy, paracentesis, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, and indium-tagged white blood cells. However, all tests were either negative or noncontributory to the etiology of polymicrobial bacteremia. What is the diagnosis? See the Gastroenterology web site (www.gastrojournal.org) for more information on submitting your favorite image to Clinical Challenges and Images in GI. 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 Conflicts of interest The authors disclose no conflicts.


Emphasizing on structure design and performance of high-speed spindle system of NC machining center with optimal design theory, analyzing software system of high-speed MC spindle system based on simulation technology was developed, part of running cases was given. Through the practical application in one large-scale enterprise of machine tool, the feasibility and practicability of proposed system principles and implementation techniques was indicated, and the better design quality and higher efficiency was showed.


To improve the off-line Manchu handwritten character recognition rate,a method of recognition based on the multi-classifier of back propagation neural network ensemble with combination features is presented.Firstly,the preprocessing is performed to segment the Manchu character units aiming at Manchu character image.Secondly,it is implemented to recognize the projection feature,chain code one and begin and end point and cross point one of Manchu character unit and the combination features of these ones.Finally,the post processing of Manchu character recognition result is done by the method of hidden Markov model and the recognition rate further is improved.The result of the experiment shows that the recognition rate of the multi-classifier ensemble is higher than the single one and the more features,the better in the multi-classifier ensemble.


AbstractThis article aims to determine the effect of teacher's pedagogical competence on student learning outcomes in learning music art at SMPN 2 Batusangkar. The type of this research was quantitative research with a correlational method. The techniques used in order to adjust the research instruments were questionnaire and documentation instruments. The steps taken in analyzing data were quantifying data. The results of the study showed that there was a relationship or correlation between pedagogical competencies towards student learning outcomes at SMPN 2 Batusangkar. This was evidenced by the results through the questionnaire. It was found that 32% or as many as 11 students who stated that pedagogic competence always affects student learning outcomes, 66% or as many as 23 students argued frequently, while students who answer sometimes affect student learning outcomes like 0% or 0 students, then 0% of students answered rarely and 2% answered never. In summary, pedagogic competency towards students learning outcomes had a perfect correlation or relationship to student learning outcomes learning art music which was stated by the determinant coefficient value (r2) of 0.820 or 82% while 18% was influenced by other factors thus H0 was rejected and H1 accepted.Keywords:    correlation, Pedagogic Competence of teachers, the Learning Outcomes of students of art and culture


Owing to the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) HIV infection is no longer the often fatal disease that it was a decade ago. Cessation of virus-induced immune system dysfunction and clinically relevant immune system improvement are responsible for HAARTs success. Despite these successes there are still many challenges. One cannot achieve complete eradication of HIV nor total restoration of immune system function. Virological rebound invariably occurs following discontinuation of antiretrovirals even after prolonged viral suppression with the most potent drug regimens [1-3]. Significant progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms of immune dysfunction in HIV infection over the past decade. HIV infection leads to a state of immune deficiency caused by progressive loss of CD4 T cells (a main target of the virus) coupled with a generalized immune activation that results in immune suppression [4]. A number of qualitative and quantitative immunologic abnormalities occur in the setting of HIV infection that are potentially amenable to direct therapeutic intervention by cytokines. These include strategies aimed at expanding or restoring the CD4 T-cell pool strategies designed to counteract immune system activation/immunosuppression and strategies aimed at enhancing HIV-specific immunity (Table 1). (excerpt)


The phase operator for a two-mode photon system is defined in terms of the relative-number states, and its property is investigated in detail. The phase operator thus defined has a unitary exponential form. It is shown that the average value and fluctuation of the phase operator, where one mode is in some physical state, such as a coherent or a squeezed state, and the other is in a vacuum state, are equivalent to those obtained by means of the Pegg–Barnett phase operator for a single-mode photon. The average value and fluctuation of the phase operator are calculated for coherent and squeezed states of a two-mode photon system.


Due to the influence of mechanical vibration, high temperature creep and other factors, Si3N4 turbine blades are prone to surface defects. Besides, traditional algorithms are incapable to detect and classify surface defects simultaneously. Aiming at solving these problems, an algorithm for defect detection and classification of Si3N4 turbine blades based on convolutional neural network is proposed. The detection and classification network of this algorithm is optimized based on YOLOv5 network, the PAN structure and FPN structure of YOLOv5 are replaced by BiFPN structure. We establish the dataset of Si3N4 turbine blades, which is expanded by data enhancement. For the purpose of achieving a higher level of feature fusion, the PAN and FPN structures of the Neck part are replaced by BiFPN structure. As a result, the accuracy of detecting and classifying the surface defects by this algorithm is as high as 97.4%, and the detection speed is as low as 16ms. This optimized algorithm is able to solve the problems of traditional detection methods such as heavy workload, long time consuming and low accuracy. The algorithm provides a feasible approach for the quality detection of Si3N4 turbine blades and has certain engineering application value.


With the emergence of multicore embedded System on Chip (SoC), the integration of several applications with different levels of criticality on the same platform is becoming increasingly popular. These platforms, known as mixed-criticality systems, need to meet numerous requirements such as real-time constraints, Operating System (OS) scheduling, memory and OSes isolation. To construct mixed-criticality systems, various solutions, based on virtualization extensions, have been presented where OSes are contained in a Virtual Machine (VM) through the use of a hypervisor. However, such implementations usually lack hardware features to ensure a full isolation of other bus masters (e.g., Direct Memory Access (DMA) peripherals, Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)) between OSes. Furthermore on multicore implementation, one core is usually dedicated to one OS, causing CPU underutilization. To address these issues, this paper presents VOSYSmonitor, a multi-core software layer, which allows the co-execution of a safety-critical Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) and a noncritical General Purpose Operating System (GPOS) on the same hardware ARMv8-A platform. VOSYSmonitor main differentiation factors with the known solutions is the possibility for a processor to switch between secure and non-secure code execution at runtime. The partitioning is ensured by the ARM TrustZone technology, thus allowing to preserve the usage of virtualization features for the GPOS. VOSYSmonitor architecture will be detailed in this paper, while benchmarking its performance versus other known solutions. 1998 ACM Subject Classification C.3 Real-Time and Embedded Systems


The region of Ancient Olympia was one of the victims of the fires plagued Greece in 2007. The present study aims at: a) a brief illustration of the effects of the forest fires remained on the natural ecosystem of the semi- mountainous region of Ancient Olympia in 2013, b) a suggestion of measures required for the remedy of the environmental damages as well as for the development of the area. Prerequisite for the implementation of the measures is the accurate examination of the technical, ecological and cultural environment of the area. Any action taken to address the harm caused by the fires, contributing simultaneously to the rational environmental development of the primary, secondary and tertiary production of the area, should be applicable, offered in accordance with the natural and the increased historical importance specificity of the region. The financing potential of the area and the social feasibility of the suggested measures are also determining factors taken into consideration for the structure of a protection and development plan of the region.


In this paper, a mathematical model of the piezoelectric fluidic angular rate sensor is created. At first, starting from the Coriolis acceleration, obtain a comparison expression for the angular rate and the flow velocity. At second, according to the heat balance theory, solve a comparison expression for the thermal resistance wire current and flow velocity under the forced convection heat transfer condition. At last, obtain a comparison expression for the angular rate and the thermal resistance wire current. Thus a mathematical model of the piezoelectric fluidic angular rate sensor is created. Experiments prove that the average deviation between theoretical and experimental values is less than 10%.


Elevated level of arsenic exposure through drinking water induces noticeable change in the level of oxidative stress parameter such as lipid peroxidation. However, there is paucity of available information at low level exposure of arsenic for inducing oxidative damage. Present work was undertaken to investigate the oxidative stress inducing potential of arsenic at its low level exposure in fresh water fish Channa puntatus using lipid peroxidation, an established biomarker of oxidative stress. Fish specimen were exposed to 10, 50 (low level exposure) and 500μgL-1(high level exposure) of arsenic using sodium arsenite as a test substance. Samples of gill, liver, kidney and brain tissues were collected after 14 days of exposure and the lipid peroxidation assay was performed through the quantification of malondialdehyde (MDA) by TBARS assay for determination of oxidative damage in different tissues of fish. Significant increased levels of LPO were observed in all the organs. The present study showed that gills were the most sensitive organ, therefore, showed maximum peroxidative damage at 500 μgL-1 of arsenic exposure.


A rarefied gas flow through a thin slit caused by a small pressure difference is studied on the basis of the kinetic equation. The Bhatnagar–Gross–Krook model equation is solved numerically by the optimized discrete velocity method. The gas–surface interaction is assumed diffuse‐specular. It is shown that the dependence of the mass flow rate on the gas–surface interaction law is negligibly small at any Knudsen number. Analytical formulas for the flow rate embracing the whole range of the Knudsen number are obtained.


Three-dimensional photonic crystals are fabricated that consist of a face-centered-cubic lattice of air atoms embedded in a synthetic dielectric matrix. The crystals are formed by stacking triangular arrays of cylindrical atoms in a close-packed arrangement. The fabrication technique is much simpler than previous methods and is well suited to producing photonic band gaps in the microwave and millimeter-wave regions. Microwave measurements provide strong evidence for a photonic band gap between approximately 17 and 18 GHz in a crystal having a volumetric air fraction of 60%. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Deals with a study on the consulting practices of Academy of Management faculty members in 1959. Attitudes of administrators toward faculty consulting; Pricing of faculty consulting; Overview of co...


The PASCO Coulomb's law apparatus has a very sensitive torsion balance on which a sphere capable of holding a static charge is suspended. Rapid motion in the vicinity of the balance, breathing directly on the sphere, or air currents from ventilation will all move the sphere around significantly. This motion makes it very difficult to obtain meaningful data. In fact, the sphere moves so much under the influence of the ventilation in our lab that it was not possible to obtain repetitive results.


In this paper we describe a course management system for university lectures and lab courses, called LCMS. Started as a simple registration tool for students, signing up for lab courses and examinations, LCMS has been developed into a powerful system, assisting the lecturer and the lab course administrator in the management of entire courses. LCMS tasks are ranging from course registration, student data administration, creation of course webpages, design and administration of exercises and test sheets, up to the design of certificates for successful course participation. For three years in use now, LCMS has become an essential tool for student administration. It is freely available and can easily be adapted to any kind of course management.


Using electronic microscope we have studied the opportunity to apply YAG:Cr,Tm-Er laser irradiation (lambda equals 2.64 micrometer) for preparation of the enamel and dentine in different modes of operation. High efficiency of enamel and dentin preparation was shown when using 50 J/sm2 energy density and frequency of pulses proceeding 3-5 n. There was no damaged effects involved teeth hard tissues in our experiences.


Recently it has been argued that the superconducting state of FeSe$_{1-x}$S$_x$ exhibits Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces for $x>0.17$. These Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces appear together with broken time-reversal symmetry and surprisingly demonstrate nematic behavior in a structurally tetragonal phase. Through a symmetry-based analysis of Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces that can arise from broken time-reversal symmetry, we argue that the likely origin of time-reversal symmetry breaking is due to magnetic toroidal order. We show that this magnetic toroidal order naturally appears as a consequence of either static N\'{e}el antiferromagnetic order or due to the formation of a spontaneous pair density wave superconducting order. Finally, we reveal that independent of the presence of Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces, supercurrents will induce N\'{e}el magnetic order in many Fe-based superconductors.


This article discusses the role of professional attitudes during a 3-year Diploma programme. A comparison is made between a clinical practice based group and one held in a school setting which is a component of the curriculum. The groups' relative strengths and weaknesses in contributing to students' professional competence are discussed.


Seven parents (CST2002, MT34, OS-Sel-2, TKG22, AAUDT9304-14-4, B67 and Rama), their 21 F 1 s and 21 F 2 s were grown in summer 2003 in a randomized block design with three replications. Heterosis and inbreeding depression were studied for seven important yield-contributing characters (plant height, branch number plant −1 , capsules plant −1 , seeds capsule −1 , 1000-seed weight, stick yield plant −1 and seed yield plant −1 ). Maximum heterosis for seed yield plant −1 over the mid- and better-parent was recorded in CST2002×TKG22 (43.30%) and MT34×B67 (27.22%), respectively. Mid-parent heterosis for seed yield plant −1 was due to cumulative heterosis for various important component traits, such as capsules plant −1 , seeds capsule −1 and 1000-seed weight. Inbreeding depression was highest for seed yield, followed by 1000-seed weight, capsules plant −1 , branch number and plant height, indicating the predominance of non-additive genetic effects. B67×Rama exhibited significant positive heterosis in F 1 , but ...


Distribution of synthetic surface substances (SPAS), phosphates and silicates in the surface microlayer of waters near Guinea coasts is studied. A relationship is observed between the content of SPAS and phosphates; the coefficient of linear correlation is calculated. It is established that distribution of biogenic elements in the surface microlayer practically does not depend on dynamics of waters and photosynthesis intensity, whereas in the subsurface layer these factors play a key role. Enrichment coefficients showing a degree of enrichment of surface microlayer waters with SPAS, phosphates, silicates in comparison with that of subsurface one-meter layer are calculated.


The invention relates to spray painting system (1) comprising a paint spray system (2), an air compressor (3), a pressure air duct (4) and an air control means (5), wherein the paint spray system (2) comprises a spray nozzle (9), wherein the compressed air generator (3) comprises a fan (15), said compressed air channel (4) connects the fan to the spray nozzle (9), said air control means (5) includes a throttle means (18) and said air control means (5) in the course of the pressure air duct ( 4) is arranged. Here, the air control means (5) comprises an outlet (19), wherein a decreasing an opening cross section (A18) of the throttle device (18) bumper slush to an increasing an opening cross-section (A19) leads to the outlet (19) and vice versa, wherein the in individual positions throttling means (18) and the outlet (19) existing opening cross sections (A18, A19) are matched to one another such that a to the fan (15) generated dynamic pressure (PS) in the various open positions (A18, A19) of the throttle device (18) and the outlet means (19) remains constant.


At present, several programs for mass production of MOX bulk are on going. The MOX bulk is the capacity of the container to be used to generate MOX fuel. One of them is the selection of the vessel configuration for efficient evaporation of large amount of solution. Two types of vessel as shallow and cylindrical, are under examinations. The shallow vessel has been successfully cleared examinations in moderate running with no flushing, but the amount of products per batch is rather small. On the other hand, the cylindrical vessel is newly proposed with the intent of increasing the production capacity per batch, but has flushing the solution from the top of the vessel by the Microwave Heating (MH). Elucidation on the mechanism of dynamic behavior of the flushing and spilling is our purpose of study. It was carried out by designing a equipment which imitated the practical setup for microwave heating. A visual observation was conducted to clarify the mechanism of dynamic behavior on the sudden nucleation of the solution in the deep cylindrical vessel under MH. The experiment was continued by changing the height and the shape in order to perform the effect evaluation of the size and the shape of vessel.Copyright © 2009 by ASME


A beta thalassemia resulting from an unequal crossover/recombination event involving portions of the delta and beta globin genes, resulting in underproduction of the abnormal delta-beta globin.


This paper describes a case study on using the Eclipse Process Framework in a medical software development organization to consolidate existing process descriptions. Although on nonmedical fields the Eclipse Process Framework was successfully used for process modeling and aiding process improvement efforts, the complex nature of the regulatory and process standard requirements on the medical software field needs special attention. In this environment, compliance to the regulatory is more important than improvement, so the process modeling has to implement these requirements in a very strict way, while supporting the business goals of the organization and enabling the improvement of the processes. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The benefits of adopting collaborative approaches in the construction industry, such as Building Information Modelling (BIM), Integrated Project Delivery (IPD), and Lean Construction (LC), in an integrated manner are widely acknowledged in academia and industry. Once organizations have embraced BIM, IPD, and LC integration (BIL), a measurement method for evaluating their progress and planning for continuous improvement is required. However, there is no widely accepted capability assessment model, such as Maturity Models (MMs), to effectively assess productivity improvements in organizations adopting all three approaches based on the interdependencies between them. The first step in the process of BIL MM development is identifying the critical attributes of BIM, IPD, and LC integration. This research investigates the interrelationships of BIM, IPD, and LC for use in the maturity models, determining how BIM and IPD can support the application of LC principles. The mixed methods approach was adopted, and a literature review and a two-round Delphi survey were conducted for the data collection. The findings revealed a number of complementarities between BIM, IPD, and LC. The panel of experts agreed upon the five major attributes and 24 sub-attributes of BIM, IPD, and LC, which formed the structure of the presented integrated BIL framework. The significance of this study is to provide the basis for organizations that intend to implement BIM, IPD, and LC in an integrated manner. Interrelating these attributes in a maturity framework also supports the planning and evaluation of organizations' progress towards realistic goals for continuous improvement.


OFFICERS FOR I915-I6 President: Charles H. Judd, Director of the School of Education, University of Chicago. Secretary-Treasurer: G. M. Wilson, Professor of Agricultural Education, Iowa State College. Executive Committee: The President and Secretary, ex officio; James E. Russell, Dean, Teachers College, Columbia University; F. E. Thompson, Professor of Education, University of Colorado; W. A. Jessup, Dean of the School of Education, Iowa State University.


【Objectives】The biogas slurry contains abundant nutrients and physiological activators. Irrigation with biogas slurry is a cost-effective and environmental friendly way for biogas slurry disposing. However,there is alwaysconcern about the residual heavy metals brought through forage or animal feces,the contents of which sometimes exceed the up limit of standards. The risk of biogas slurry for irrigation is assessed to provide the basis for the selection of proper treatment methods. 【Methods】One hundred samples of biogas slurry,from household marsh gas tank and biogas engineering in northern and southern parts of China were selected,the contents of total Cd,Cr and Pb are determined by atomic absorption spectrometry,Hg by cold atomic absorption spectrometry. The risk degree of heavy metal from different source of biogas slurry is evaluated using Geometric mean index,Nemerrow index and the unit vector index. 【Results】1) The heavy metal contents from both of household marsh gas tanks and biogas engineerings are not conforming the normal distribution. The mid-value contents of As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Pb and Zn from household biogas slurry are 0. 312,0. 0195,0. 183,0. 75,0. 025,0. 33 and 1. 15 mg / L,respectively; from engineering biogas slurry are 0. 110,0. 009,0. 218,0. 985,0. 004,0. 131 and 0. 857 mg / L,respectively The average contents of the latter are higher than the former,except for As. In household biogas slurry,the Cd and Hg contents are varied strongly,As,Cr and Pb contents are less strong. All of heavy metal contents in the engineering biogas slurry are varied strongly. 2) The contents of heavy metals in the biogas slurry from different sources are different. The heavy metal contents from piggery are generally higher than from cattle farms,showing higher risk. 3) Evaluated by comprehensive risk index,the unit vector index of Pb and As in household biogas slurry is low in risk potential,and other ones are less than 0. 2,indicating no risk. The Arithmetic Average Index,the Geometric Mean Index,Nemerrow Index and the Unit Vector Index of Hg in engineering biogas slurry are the highest. The content of Hg in engineering biogas slurry assessed by the Nemerrow Index is high in risk potential,however,it is low while assessed with the Arithmetic Average Index and the Unit Vector Index. The content of Cd in engineering biogas slurry assessed by the Nemerrow Index is low in risk. All the risk index values of other heavy metals are different when assessed with different methods,they are all in low degree of risk. 4) The risk of the biogas slurry among the investigated provinces is different for irrigation. The Nemerrow Index from Henan and Anhui Provinces is the highest( high risk),suggesting that physical and chemistry treatments are needed before the biogas slurry is used for irrigation. Those from Zhejiang and Hunan Provinces are low in risk,and from other provinces have no risk. In addition,the Nemerrow Indexes of the household biogas slurry form Inner Mongolia,Liaoning,Fujian,Sichuan Provinces are lower than 0. 2,means only simple physical methods are needed before the biogas slurry irrigation. 【Conclusions】The heavy metal contents in the biogas slurry are mainly influenced by the sources of the raw materials. Although there are some differences in the risks of heavy metal among different areas,the difference between the northern and the southern China is not existed in the engineering biogas slurry. The Hg and Cd contents in the biogas slurry are low in concentration but still higher in risk,suggesting that they should be removed before application.


In this study, we explore the therapeutic potential of lapatinib a selective inhibitor of both the EGFR and HER2 tyrosine kinases for the treatment of endometrial cancer. The effect of lapatinib on tumour cell growth and receptor activation was studied in a panel of human endometrial cancer cell lines. Candidate molecular markers predicting sensitivity were assessed by baseline gene expression profiling, ELISA, and western blot analyses. Multiple drug effect/combination index (CI) isobologram analysis was used to study the interactions between chemotherapeutic drugs and lapatinib. Concentration-dependent anti-proliferative effects of lapatinib were seen in all endometrial cancer cell lines tested, but varied significantly between individual cell lines (IC 50 range: 0.052–10.9 m mol). HER2 overexpression or increased expression of EGFR was significantly associated with in vitro sensitivity ( P ¼ 0.024 or 0.011, respectively). Lapatinib exerts growth inhibition in a PTEN-independent manner. Sensitive cell lines also exhibited increased expression of EGFR ligands or HER3. In contrast, lapatinib-resistant cell lines exhibited high androgen receptor (AR) levels or epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (post-EMT) features. In endometrial cancer cells, at a wide range of clinically achievable drug concentrations, additive and synergistic interactions were observed for lapatinib plus carboplatin, paclitaxel, docetaxel, and doxorubicin. These observations provide a clear biologic rational to test lapatinib as a single agent or in combination with chemotherapy in endometrial cancer with HER2 overexpression. Expression of EGFR, its ligands, HER3, AR, and post-EMT markers warrant further evaluation to help define patients with HER2-nonoverexpressing endometrial cancer most likely to benefit from lapatinib. drug effect/combination index (CI) isobologram analysis to study the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs plus lapatinib combinations tested against lapatinib- sensitive HER2-amplified/overexpressing or EGFR-expressing endometrial cancer cells. In current studies provide rational to test lapatinib as a single agent in combination with chemotherapy in patients with high-risk primary or metastatic endometrial cancer and to identify candidate markers that may help define subsets of patients likely to benefit treatment


The study examined the short-term price behavior of initial public offerings (IPOs) of equities listed on the top emerging market exchanges during the period from 2005 to 2012. We investigated whether underpricing could be explained with models based on stakeholder rationality and those concerning behavioral factors. There were extremely high initial, two- and four-week returns in the three top emerging markets during the sample period. The results documented the existence of significant differences in IPO short-term returns between initial equity issues offered in hot- versus cold-and-neutral markets. It was also found that the amount of money left on the table during initial public offerings was related most to the uncertainty, signaling and timing proxies. The study showed that the explanations for high initial returns were, to some extent, influenced by IPO timing.


The status of neonicotinoid insecticide resistance in rice planthoppers viz., brown planthopper Nilaparvafa lugens Stal and whitebacked planthopper Sogatella furcifera (Horvath) in countries like China, Taiwan, Japan and Korea has been reviewed to formulate strategies for its management in India. The information on small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus Fallen has also been reviewed because of its similarity in physiology to BPH although it is not an important insect pest in India. Two methods commonly used for monitoring resistance were rice plant root dipping and topical application. Among biochemical mechanisms conferring resistance, target insensitivity as well as oxidation and degradation by mixed-function oxidases (m.f.o.) appeared to be important. The resistant strains of BPH had reduced biological fitness for developmental and reproductive characteristics.


The relations between the content of Pb in blood and IQ of 78 children from 6 kindergartens (about 800 children)in Tianhe district of Guang zhou were studied. The results showed that the content of Pb of blood of low IQ children(IQ=80)was higher(0 24±0 008 mg/L)than that(0 192±0 027 mg/L)of controls, P 0 05.The relations between the content of Pb in blood and IQ of children are negative( P 0 001, r =-0 864)。


testimonies to illustrate both the self-help housing process and the constraints under which women operate . Linda Peake in Guyana and Irene Vance in Nicaragua both examine the tensions between supposedly favourable government policies and grassroots efforts . Linda Peake reviews the situation of Afro-Guyanese women in both self-help and rented housing, and the grim prospects arising from political change . Irene Vance, like Marine Fernando, documents the evolution of a project in which women come to be accepted and incorporated . In this case, the empowerment of women was an explicit government objective but met with considerable resistance from men . Caroline Moser, writing on Ecuador, gives the most detail on women's managerial role: a crisis of collective consumption is met by popular participation in which the provision of infrastructure comes to be an extension of women's domestic role . Caroline Moser and Linda Peake conclude that the immediate prospects for low income settlements are deteriorating; what hope then for women's strategic needs for security, safety and abolition of the sexual division of labour? Yet even in this pessimistic vision, the analytical framework and the detail of the case studies promise a way forward . Students have welcomed the book warmly . I hope and trust that the effect on planners, researchers and activists will be as salutary .


Correspondence: Bruno Brando e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Immunohaematology and Transfusion Centre, Legnano General Hospital, Legnano, Italy The contamination of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) by residual leukocytes, red cells and platelets is a well-known occurrence that must be taken into account during the manufacture of blood components for clinical use1. The untoward biological effects of the transfer of cell membranes and intracellular products has long been highlighted2,3. Such effects include anti-red cell immunisation or antigenic boost, platelet allo-immunisation and reactions to cell breakdown products4, usually as non-haemolytic transfusion reactions5. The recommended manufacture requirements and the quality control checks of FFP for clinical use are, however, far more stringent in Europe1 than in the United States, where no testing for cell contamination is requested for plasma obtained by extraction6. Plasma extracted from whole blood bags by centrifugation and mechanical or manual expression is particularly susceptible to cell contamination, and this is also characterised by a high degree of technical and operator-related variability. The popular myth that blast-freezing plasma kills virtually all the residual cells is deeply rooted, so that traditionally no particular attention has been given to the possible transfer of viable leukocytes with thawed FFP. Earlier studies have, however, demonstrated the presence of lymphocytes in thawed FFP that appear not only viable by phenotypic techniques, but also functionally active in mixed lymphocyte reaction3,7,8. This evidence has highlighted the possibility that a few T lymphocytes that survive the plasma freezing/thawing cycle may potentially generate transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GvHD) in immunocompromised recipients2,3. TA-GvHD is known to occur with the transfusion of as few as 80,000 viable lymphocytes9, the number of cells likely to be present in the majority of non-leukodepleted blood products obtained by centrifugation. In another study, the average number of viable T cells in thawed FFP was estimated to be around 10,000 cells/unit3. Although significant amounts of viable lymphocytes can still be present in frozen blood components after thawing, a convincing demonstration that TA-GvHD is linked to thawed plasma administration has yet to be made9-12, although this occurrence could have been underestimated and under-reported13, 14. Lazarski and Colleagues14 have elegantly confirmed the presence of live and immunocompetent T lymphocytes in thawed FFP which are able to respond to allogeneic stimuli in mixed lymphocyte reaction. The Authors, in a series of methodologically sound experiments, used state-of-the-art f low cytometric techniques, namely multi-color cell immunophenotyping with viability stainings and cell division analysis of mixed lymphocyte cultures using tracking dyes. © SI MT IP RO S l


SUMMARY

To study the effect of pH and divalent cations such as Mg and Ca on rehydration of freeze-dried meat, a model system of freeze-dried myofibrils was designed. The fibrils were dried at pH 5.4, 6.0, and 7.0, with and without addition of Mg and Ca, in the concentrations found in meat. The freeze-dried fibrils were rehydrated after homogenization in the rehydrating solution; and by diffusion of the solution into the dried fibril mass. When the fibrils were homogenized the cations increased the water-holding capacity of the sedimented fibrils. An increase in the water-holding capacity with higher pH was apparent only after the cations were added. When the fibrils were rehydrated through diffusion, the cations decreased the hydration. Increased hydration capacity with higher pH was found with and without the cations.


The key parameter driving behavior of dust particle s in plasma is their electric charge [1]. Present-d ay theories as well as experiments are not fully succe ssful in determining its value [2]. Moreover, the theoretical uncertainties are increased in the plas ma heath – a think plasma layer at a wall or elect rode. The standard models of dust charging in the plasma he th usually suppose Maxwellian electron energy distribution function (EEDF) and a flux of cold ion s satisfying classical Bohm criterion. In this pape r w generalize this model of plasma sheath and dust cha rging to arbitrary EEDF with adapted Bohm criterion . We limit our considerations to collisionless or sli ghtly collisional plasma, when the EEDF at the plas m sheath can be derived from the EEDF calculated or m easured in the plasma bulk. This possibility is of practical importance as direct measurements of EEDF in the plasma sheath are questionable.


This article presents guidelines for making forecasts and draws inferences about research techniques. Inertia produces highly autocorrelated time series in which random events have lasting effects. Such series make it easy to draw incorrect inferences about causal processes. They also make it easy to predict accurately over the short run, using variants of linear extrapolation. In forecasting, simplicity usually works better than complexity. Complex forecasting methods mistake random noise for information. Moderate expertise proves as effective as great expertise. Linear functions make better judgments than people. Analogous principles probably apply to research. Three common myths do not stand up to scrutiny: One, using fewer categories does not reduce the effects of observational errors. Two, least-squares regression does not produce reliable findings. Three, better fitting models do not predict better, even in the very short run, if researchers use squared errors to measure fits to historical data and forecasting accuracies. However, better fitting models would predict better if researchers would replace squared-error criteria with more reliable measures.


Anomaly detection is still a challenging task for video surveillance due to complex environments and unpredictable human behaviors. Most existing approaches train o ffl ine detectors using manually labeled data and prede fi ned parameters, and are hard to model changing scenes. This paper introduces a neural network based model called online Growing Neural Gas (online GNG) to perform an unsupervised learning. Unlike a parameter- fi xed GNG, our model updates learning parameters continuously, for which we propose several online neighbor-related strategies. Speci fi c operations, namely neuron insertion, deletion, learning rate adaptation and stopping criteria selection, get upgraded to online modes. In the anomaly detection stage, the behavior patterns far away from our model are labeled as anomalous, for which far away is measured by a time-varying threshold. Experiments are implemented on three surveillance datasets, namely UMN, UCSD Ped1/ Ped2 and Avenue dataset. All datasets have changing scenes due to mutable crowd density and behavior types. Anomaly detection results show that our model can adapt to the current scene rapidly and reduce false alarms while still detecting most anomalies. Quantitative comparisons with 12 recent approaches further con fi rm our superiority.


In this paper, the synthesis techniques of cationic cellulose by microwave irradiation method with bleached sulphate wood pulp and 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl tri-methyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMA) are investigated. The results show that the substitution degree of cationic cellulose and the Zeta-potential are the optimal under the conditions of the mass ratio of etherification agent to the cellulose 0.414, molar ratio of NaOH to ether agent 2.17, microwave time 9min, power 400W by the response surface experimental analysis.


Lattice parameter variations of MgO due to addition up to 5% atomic of chromium oxide or of chromium oxide and lithium oxide have been investigated. Magnetic susceptibilities in the range 98° to 298° have been measured. Chromium oxide is not soluble in magnesium oxide, but addition of lithium enables chromium ions to enter into solid solution, as shown by a decrease of lattice parameter and by a decrease of magnetic interactions. Specimens treated with hydrogen at 1000 °C show the occurrence of limited solubility of chromium which is believed to be confined to the outer layers.


Fridugisus reifies nothing into something that can be anything. Creation from nothing is thereby explained and defended. The reality of shadows is established by divine revelation. Although scripture does not address the question "What is the nature of shadows?" it does imply that shadows are in space, can move through space, and are accessible to the senses beyond vision. Fridugisus derives his theory of shadows from scripture rather than observation. The shadow mentioned in a biblical verse is evidence, but not the reader's shadow that falls upon that verse. This methodology of relying on a canonical text is repeated by philosophers who substitute science books for holy books.


Around The Humoristic Speech in "Ravisseur" by Leila Marouane
Ravisseur is a story placed under the sign of rupture. This story, published in 1998 by Julliard, comes at a time when Algerian novel production had just run out of steam in the repetition of the themes of the black tragedy that the country had experienced. Its originality lies in the crossing of two discourses, namely tragedy and humour. Although Ravisseur is rooted in the Algerian reality, he leaves a lot of room for the imagination and denounces the tragedy of a family and a society through metaphorical, humorous and ironic writing. The humoristic discourse used makes it possible to go beyond the existential situation and make fun of a society to which the characters refuse to adhere. In this article, we will discuss one of Leila Marouane's writing strategies.


This paper discusses the factorization of the RSA modulus when some 'partial information' about the bits of the RSA secret parameters are known. Heninger and Shacham (Crypto 2009) considered the reconstruction of RSA secret parameters from a few randomly known bits, and Henecka, May and Meurer (Crypto 2010) studied the reconstruction of secret parameters when all the bits are known with some probability of error. Both the approaches attempted reconstruction from the least significant side of the parameters. In this paper we provide two new techniques for reconstruction and error correction that work from the most significant side of the parameters. Our idea uses adaptive filtering using a 'sliding window' technique. We provide theoretical as well as experimental results that are competitive with the existing works.


Three principles medical services in 31 countries - an overview dimensions of quality in genetic services - an ethical comment DNA diagnosis and the emergence of cancer genetic services in European health care genetic services in Austria genetic services in Belgium genetic services in Bulgaria genetic services in Croatia genetic services in Cyprus genetic services in the Czech Republic genetic services in Denmark genetic services in Finland genetic services in France genetic services in Germany genetic services in Greece genetic services in Hungary genetic services in Ireland genetic services in Israel genetic services in Italy genetic services in Latvia genetic services in Lithuania genetic services in the Netherlands genetic services in Norway genetic services in Poland genetic services in Portugal genetic services in Romania genetic services in Russia genetic services in Serbia genetic services in Slovenia genetic services in Spain genetic services in Sweden genetic services in Switzerland genetic services in Turkey genetic services in Ukraine genetic services in the United Kingdom.


Manned exploration beyond Mars requires very high specific energy. The only potential solution under discussion is fusion propulsion. However, fusion has been ten years away for forty years. We have an available solution that combines new technology with an old concept-"Project Orion." The proposed "MagOrion" Propulsion System combines a magnetic sail (MagSail) with conventional small yield (0.5 to 1.0 kiloton) shaped nuclear fission devices. At denonation, roughly eighty percent of the yield appears as a highly-ionized plasma, and when detonated two kilometers behind a robust MagSail, approximately half of this plasma can be stopped and turned into thrust. A MagOrion can provide a system acceleration of one or more gravities with effective specific impulses ranging from 15,000 to 45,000 seconds. Dana Andrews and Robert Zubrin published a paper in 1997 that described the operating principles of the MagOrion. We have taken that concept through conceptual design to identify the major operational features an...


We demonstrate a ring-shaped Bessel-like photonic lattice akin to a photonic bandgap fiber with a low-index core. While the lattice is optically induced with self-defocusing nonlinearity, bandgap guidance of a probe beam is clearly observed.


In the centrosymmetric formula unit of the title complex, C 12 H 24 O 6 .2C 2 H 6 OS.2C 12 H 9 F 2 NO 4 S 2 , each dimethyl sulfoxide molecule is bonded to 18-crown-6 via a set of C-H… O interactions involving two H atoms of one methyl group. The sulfoxide O atoms accept a nearly linear N-H… O hydrogen bond from the disulfonylamine NH functions [N…O 2.651 (2) A]. The macrocycle has approximately D 3d symmetry, and the disulfonylamine molecules feature a folded pseudo-C, symmetric conformation.


Adsorption energies and formation energies across both transition metals and main group metals can be predicted with a linear model that includes metal s-adsorbate interactions, metal d-adsorbate interactions, and ionic interactions.


The density of states (DOS) of crystalline silicon changes with the introduction of dopants due to the formation of an impurity band and band tails. Until now, the DOS of intrinsic silicon has been used to model Si devices, regardless of the doping level. This approximation may not be satisfactory for the emitter and back surface field regions of Si solar cells. Therefore, the authors measured the DOS by performing 4.2 K tunnel spectroscopy measurements on Schottky diodes fabricated on heavily doped silicon. They extracted the DOS from this data by calculating the quantum-mechanical tunnel probability through the Schottky barrier, using a standard theory based on the WKB approximation and the two-band model. They find that this theory adequately describes the change of the DOS within the conduction band. However, below the conduction band edge, they show that the determination of the DOS requires the inclusion of phononic effects.


This book summarizes the results of the Swedish national real-time systems research initiative ARTES and provides a few representative examples of the science and scientific results that have emerg ...


An integrated method of fuzzy clustering, rough sets theory, and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for fault diagnosis was presented. Xie-Beni cluster-validity was introduced into fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm, and a combination of genetic algorithm and gradient descent approach was applied, to discretize the feature parameters and obtain the decision table. In order to make up for the shortcomings of ANFIS that the fuzzy rules are difficult to determine and there are many redundancies, rough sets theory was applied to reduce the decision table to acquire sensitive features and inference rules. According to the reduction, ANFIS was designed, and genetic algorithm was employed to train the network. Applying the method to rolling element bearing fault diagnosis and comparing with several other methods, the result indicates that, the proposed method which could reduce features, obtain rules effectively and reach up to a high precision is superior to the others.


A field experiment carried to determine Influence of integrated nutrient management practices on perennial fodders in custard apple based Horti-Pastoral system during Rabi , 2021 at Agroforestry research block, Professor Jayashankar Telangana Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad. The experiment was conducted with two fodder species ( C. ciliaris, M. maximus ) as main plots and 7 nutrient management practices along with control as sub plots in a split plot design and replicated thrice in between the tree species of 4 years old aged custard apple. Results revealed that M. maximus has recorded significantly higher number of tillers, fodder height and leaf area, SPAD values. N through PGLM showed significantly higher number of tillers, fodder height and leaf area, SPAD values which is showed parity with 75% RDN + 25% N through PM, 100% RDF (60:60:40 NPK kg ha-1), 75% RDN + 25% N through FYM.


The dielectric loss and measuring method of capacitor voltage divider in CVT are discussed.The cause of the error is analysed.The measure for reducing testing error is put forward.


ABSTRACT Two simple correlations are proposed for the prediction of the specific impulse of propellants and the Gurney velocity () of high explosives. It was found that the oxygen balance (OB) correlates well with experimental () for 24 types of explosives and values for 22 monopropellants and propellants formulations obtained from ISPBKW thermochemical code. The results show that most of the estimated values do not deviate more than 4% for () and 3% for when compared to experimental and ISPBKW code output and that the new relationships are suitable for engineering calculations where experimental or complex predictive methods are not available.


A 40-year-old liver transplant patient presented with symptoms of esophagitis. He was initially managed conservatively, but esophagitis rapidly progressed to an ulcerated mass and adenocarcinoma in 4 weeks time period. Metastasis of the adenocarcinoma made him an unlikely candidate for surgery. This case report details the relation of esophageal cancer in a liver transplant patient and its rapid progression. It is suggested that Barrett's esophagitis is a premalignant condition developing in immunocompromised patients and needs to have a closer surveillance.


Methods for eliciting epilepsy in animal models induce seizures in large parts of the brain or damage the brain. Here we introduce a novel animal model for generating focal somatosensoryevoked reflex seizures non-invasively without causing damage to the brain. Specifically, we electrically stimulated digits or forepaws of adult rats sedated with dexmedetomidine and measured neurophysiological activity using laminar probes inserted in the forelimb representation of somatosensory area S1. We observed seizures generated during the electrical stimulation period with prolonged discharges following cessation of the stimulus. Electrical stimulation of the forepaw elicited more seizures than stimulation of a digit. The neurophysiological activity during the seizures showed higher amplitudes than during normal evoked responses. High-frequency oscillations were observed prior to and during the seizures, with amplitudes higher than those associated with normal evoked responses. Seizures were typically followed by refractory periods in which both spontaneous activity and evoked responses showed lower amplitudes relative to their amplitudes prior to the seizures. Similar seizures were recorded by Electrocorticography arrays placed over the dura matter, strongly indicating that the seizures were not induced by cortical damage caused by the insertion of the probes. Using optical imaging of cerebral blood volume, we observed that the initially generated seizures were focal and confined to the forelimb representation in area S1. However, these seizures propagated from the onset zone to a larger territory, not only during the electrical stimulation period but also following its cessation. Finally, unlike rats sedated with dexmedetomidine, rats anesthetized with urethane showed no ictal discharges, strongly indicating that seizure generation depended on the dexmedetomidine. Our proposed animal model generates seizures evoked by sensory-electrical stimulation free of artifacts or brain damage. Our model can be used for studying the mechanisms underlying the generation and propagation of reflex seizures, and for evaluating the efficacy of antiepileptic


In July 2007 newspapers around the world reported that a Russian oceanographic vessel had led an expedition to the North Pole. On 2 August a largely symbolic claim to a vast area of the Arctic basin was implented. Television footage, broadcast by the Russian channel NTV, was released depicting a minisubmarine planting a titanium (corrosion-resistant) flag to the bottom of the Arctic Basin.(1) A Russian submariner was quoted as saying that the expedition would `̀ remind the whole world that Russia is a great polar and scientific power'' (The Times 2007). The stated purpose of the expedition was to investigate further the underwater geology of the high Arctic and in particular to ascertain whether the Lomonosov Ridge(2) was actually an extension of the Siberian continental shelf (see Carleton, 2006).(3) If so, then Russian scientists and political figures alike expressed hopes that Russian sovereignty could be extended over the North Pole itself. Near neighbours such as Canada, Denmark,(4) and the United States condemned the move and in the case of the Canadian Prime Minister, Stephen Harper, warned darkly of defending `̀ our sovereignty over the Arctic''. As if that was not sufficient, the Canadian Foreign Minister, Peter MacKay, memorably retorted, `̀ You can't go around the world these days dropping flags somewhere. This isn't the 14th or 15th century. They're fooling themselves'' (Toronto Star 2007). And then in a nice touch of presumably unintended irony noted that the `̀ waters belonged to Canada''. Given recent Russian activity and associated reactions from Arctic neighbours, it appears that some of the intrigue and tension that characterised the Cold War has returned. Following the Russian expedition to the North Pole, Denmark and Canada are planning further research into the geological connections between their continental shelves and the Lomonosov Ridge. With the entry into force of the United Nations Law of the Sea Convention (UNCLOS) in 1994, signatories such as Russia and Canada (but not the United States) have had a ten-year period to submit materials to the UN Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS) delimiting the Guest editorial Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 2008, volume 26, pages 1 ^ 6


Deltamethrin is a broad spectrum synthetic pyrethroid pesticide. It is considered less toxic as compared to organochlorine and organo-phosphate pesticides. Deltamethrin was selected to study the biochemical and histological alterations in liver of silver carp. The LC50 1.6 μg/L was determined. Fish (n=6) were dividing into 4 groups A (control) B, C and D (experimental). Experimental groups B, C and D were exposed to 25%, 50% and 75% of LC50 respectively for acute exposure. The blood and liver tissue sampling was done after 96hrs for histology and biochemical analysis [alanine amino transferase (ALT), and aspartate amino-transferase (AST)]. Liver histology revealed that necrosis, nuclear pycnosis, hypertrophy of hepatocytes, vacuolization, nuclear atrophy and congestion of blood vessels were observed as compare to control group. This result was also supported by the significant increase in levels of hepatic enzymes AST and ALT in blood plasma of exposed fish as compared to control fish. These results suggested that deltamethrin is highly toxic for aquatic organism like silver carp causing malfunctioning of liver. Key words, Deltamethrin, acute exposure, silver carp, liver histology, liver enzymes To cite this article: KARIM, A., ALI, W., AHMAD, N., IRFAN, M. AND SHAKIR, H.A., 2016. Histological and biochemical study of liver of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) after acute exposure to pyrethoride (deltamethrin). Punjab Univ. J. Zool., 31(2): 229-236.


The western corn rootworm Diabrotica virgifera virgifera has invaded large parts of the maize growing areas of Central Europe since it was first detected in 1992 near Belgrade, Serbia (eDWarDS et al., 2011). In 2002 the beetle arrived in the eastern parts of Austria and extended in 2012 into the southern and western parts. Only a few cases with observed economic damages have been recorded since in those areas. Official control measures according to EU Decision 2003/766/EG are in place to prevent the further spread of the western corn rootworm. Crop rotation as the most efficient strategy to suppress the western corn rootworm should be applied either alone or in combination with insecticide treatments. In our study we aimed to test the effects of Styrian oil pumpkin rotated with maize on the reproduction of Diabrotica in isolation cages in the field.


Mrs. X. was admitted to the Englewood Union Hospital on the night of July 25, 1901. She had been in labor for 24 hours. The following history was elicited: Bohemian, age 30; ii-para; 5 ft. 4 in. in height; weight 120 pounds. At the birth of the second child the cervix was severely lacerated and the perineum ruptured through the sphincter ani. For a period of six weeks she suffered from septicemia. Seven months after the birth of this child she entered a hospital and underwent an operation for the repair of the cervix and perineum. This was after-ward ward shown to be an ablation of the cervix well into the lower uterine segment, and almost complete obliteration of the os uteri. Diagnosis: An almost normal pelvis. The osseous system showed no signs of rachitis. There was no, spinal curvature and the long bones were perfect in shape and conformation. A


Cool-skin and warm-layer effects are important phenomena in the ocean-atmosphere system. Here, we study tropical cool-skin and warm-layer effects and their impact on surface heat fluxes using the methods proposed by Fairall et al. in 1996, i.e., the F96 cool-skin scheme and the combined warm-layer method. The results reveal strong cool-skin effects (~−0.3 K) in the Indo-Pacific warm pool, but weak effects in the equatorial Pacific and Atlantic cold tongues. The spatial pattern of the cool-skin effect is determined by the difference in the specific humidity between the sea and air. The warm-layer effect is strong (~0.25 K) in both the warm pool and cold tongues but weak in the trade wind regions and exhibits a spatial pattern that is inversely related to the surface wind speed. In the tropics, the cool-skin effect causes an average reduction of 11.0 W m−2 in the heat loss from the ocean to the atmosphere, while the warm-layer effect causes an increase of 6.0 W m−2. With respect to the F96 cool-skin scheme, four common wind speed-dependent empirical models could not fully capture the spatial distribution of the cool-skin effect. A new empirical model that depends on the sea-air humidity difference is proposed to overcome this problem. Compared to the combined warm-layer method, when only the F96 warm-layer scheme is applied, the effect is underestimated at both low and high wind speeds. These new findings improve our understanding of the cool-skin and warm-layer effects and provide insights into their parameterization schemes.


Proceedings of 1st International Symposium on Green Technology for Value Chains (Green VC) 2016 The First International Symposium on Green Technology for Value Chains 2016 was held on October 2-3, 2016 in Indonesia Convention Exhibition (ICE), BSD City, Indonesia. It was organized by the Research Unit for Clean Technology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) and mainly supported by Deputy for Engineering and Sciences, LIPI. Studies on (1) Waste Treatment and Management, (2) Green Materials and Process, (3) Green Energy, (4) Life Cycle and Environmental Monitoring, and (5) Socio-technological Assessment on Green Production were all presented orally. Keynote presentations were provided to show the contribution of scientist in to sustainable subject of research. Value Chains for Sustainable Development was presented by Prof. Naoyuki Funamizu from Hokkaido University, Japan whereas presentation about Towards Sustainable Pollution Management was provided by Prof. Ng Wun Jern from Nanyang Technology University, Singapore. Recent issues on Green Materials for Sustainable Development was delivered by Prof. Bambang Sunendar Purwasasmita from Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia. In addition, presentation on Indonesia Municiple Solid Waste Life Cycle and Environmental Monitoring was provided by Ir. Susmono from Kemitraan Habitat, Indonesia. Participants from Japan, Zambia, Burkina Faso, and Indonesia had many fruitful discussions and exchanges that contributed to the success of the symposium. This Proceedings, cover 33 papers selected from 46 scientific presentations presented in the symposium. We would like to thank our sincere gratitude to our Advisory Board, Scientific and Editorial Board for their positive contribution to keep the quality of the articles presented in this proceedings. We also would like to appreciate to all participants attending this symposium as well as to Organizing Committee whom made the symposium successful. In the continuation of the success of the first event, the Second International Symposium on Green Technology for Value Chains will take place in Jakarta, Indonesia, 23-24 October 2017. March 15, 2017 Editor in Chiefs Prof. Myrtha Karina Dr. Muhamad Nasir International Symposium on Green Technology for Value Chains 2016 (GreenVC 2016) Value Chains for Sustainable Development Tangerang Banten, Indonesia October 3-5, 2016 ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Advisory Board ▪ Prof. Iskandar Zulkarnaen (Chairman of Indonesian Institute of Sciences, LIPI, Indonesia) ▪ Dr. Laksana Tri Handoko (Deputy Chairman for Engineering Sciences, LIPI, Indonesia) ▪ Dr. Rike Yudianti (Head for Research Unit for Clean Technology, LIPI, Indonesia) ▪ Prof. Naoyuki Funamizu (University of Hokkaido, Japan) ▪ Prof. Ng Wun Jern (Nanyang Technology University, Singapore) ▪ Prof. Bambang Sunendar (Bandung Institute of Technology, ITB, Indonesia) ▪ Ir. Susmono (Kemitraan Habitat, Indonesia) Scientific and Editorial (S&E) Board ▪ Prof. Myrtha Karina (Research Unit for Clean Technology, LIPI, Indonesia) ▪ Prof. Tarzan Sembiring (Research Unit for Clean Technology, LIPI, Indonesia) ▪ Prof. M. Hanafi (Research Center for Chemistry, LIPI, Indonesia) ▪ Prof. Rahmiana Zein (Andalas University, Indonesia) ▪ Prof. Safni (Andalas University, Indonesia) ▪ Prof. Syukri Arif (Andalas University, Indonesia) ▪ Prof. Naoyuki Funamizu (Hokkaido University, Japan) ▪ Prof. Imasiku Nyambe (Zambia University, Zambia) ▪ Dr. Sri Pudjiraharti (Research Unit for Clean Technology, LIPI, Indonesia) ▪ Dr. Neni Sintawardani (Research Unit for Clean Technology, LIPI, Indonesia) ▪ Dr. Muhammad Nasir (Research Unit for Clean Technology, LIPI, Indonesia) ▪ Dr. Hari R. Hariyadi (Research Unit for Clean Technology, LIPI, Indonesia) ▪ Dr. Tiny A. Koesmawati (Research Unit for Clean Technology, LIPI, Indonesia) ▪ Dr. Nanik Indayaningsih (Research Center for Physics, LIPI, Indonesia) ▪ Dr. Haznan Abimanyu (Research Center for Chemistry, LIPI, Indonesia) ▪ Dr. Edi Iswanto Wiloso (Research Center for Chemistry, LIPI, Indonesia) ▪ Dr. Rizna Triana Dewi (Research Center for Chemistry, LIPI, Indonesia) ▪ Dr. Dieni Mansur (Research Center for Chemistry, LIPI, Indonesia) ▪ Dr. Wahyu Dwianto (Research Center for Biomaterial, LIPI, Indonesia) ▪ Dr. Indriana Kartini (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia) ▪ Ir. Imam Djunaedi (Research Center for Electrical Power and Mechatronics, LIPI, Indonesia) ▪ Ir. I Made Astina M.Eng., Ph.D. (Institute Technology of Bandung, Indonesia) Organizing Committee Chair person : Dr. Akbar Hanif Dawam Abdullah Co-chair : Dewi Nilawati, S.Si., M.T. Secretary : - Dr. Widyarani, M. Sc. - Diana Rahayuningwulan, M.T. - Elsy Rahimi Chaldun, S.Si, M.T. Technical Program Chair : Indriyati, M.Eng. Members : - Dr. Desak Gede Sri Andayani - Dr. Indah Primadona - Ir. J. Tri Astuti - Dra. Lucia Indrarti - Muchlis, MT - Anung Syampurwadi, S. Mat.


This paper investigates the applicabilty of an innovative bracing, called Articulated Quadrilateral (AQ) bracing system, which uses shape memory alloys (SMAs), for retroffiting low-rise to high-rise vulnerable SMFRs against strong ground motions. The paper investigates brace fundamental engineering characteristics, design of the system and also configuration of the brace (the proportion of SMA wire, C-shape dissipator and Post-tensioning tendons). OpenSees program is utilized for nonlinear dynamic finite element analysis and the validation of modeling using data from full-scale experimental tests performed by Speicher et al. at Georgia Institute of technology. Using 3-, 9and 20-story steel moment resisting frames from the SAC phase II project, nonlinear pushover, incremental dynamic analysis, and fragility analysis of frames with and without AQ bracing were conducted using FEMA P695 far-field ground acceleration records. Results show that by retrofitting MRF system with AQ bracing, strength of the buildings increases up to 40%. Also, bracing of the frames yields more uniform drift distribution which reduces the likelihood of soft story formation.


The experiment was conducted to study the effectiveness of four commonly used chemicals viz ., deltamethrin, cypermethrin, malathion and sulphur against two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae Koch on potted bean plants and on excised leaf discs. Mite population remained significantly lower in all treated plots except malathion treatment. The population of T. urticae differed significantly due to different chemicals and it remained lower up to 4th week on single-sprayed plants, which again increased. But in double-sprayed plants mite population was checked and remained significantly lower. The estimated LC 50 values for cypermethrin, malathion, deltamethrin and sulphur were 2.9956, 15.8663, 0.5386 and 20.7045 nl.cm -2 respectively when the chemicals were sprayed before mite release. But the LC50 values for these chemicals sprayed after mite release were estimated 1.8110, 8.2746, 0.2192 and 6.8308 nl.cm -2 . The use of chemicals is essential for better yield of crops. Among the four tested chemicals the pyrithroids (cypermethrin and deltamethrin) were found more effective against the TSSM than the other two.

 Key words: Two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, bean, deltamethrin, cypermethrin, malathion, sulphur

 Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol.25 2006 p.15-18


A new scientific substantiation of the necessity of a priori estimation of atmospheric air pollution of populated places considering transformation processes of primary anthropogenic emissions and a quantitative estimation of population risk is given in this article. Dynamics of daily transformations of nitrogen and oxygen compounds is described for the first time. The scheme of secondary pollutants transformation and its effect on separate organs and systems is offered.


1.                Aims (objectives of study) – please list. To determine the incidence of diaphragmatic injury in patients with penetrating thoraco-abdominal trauma without an indication for an operative intervention (peritonitis, bowel evisceration, hemodynamic instability, etc.) in the Pietermaritzburg Hospital Complex. To establish and identify factors that are predictive of a diaphragmatic injury on a plain chest X-Ray. To establish any relationship between a diaphragmatic injury and the site of the penetrating trauma. To determine the success of laparoscopic repair of diaphragmatic injury resulting from penetrating thoraco-abdominal trauma in the Pietermaritzburg Hospital Complex.


Periodogram is a simple and efficient way to detect and estimate parameters of sinusoidal signals which is widely used in radar where we need to detect moving targets. In this paper, the detection performance of the periodogram and its variants such as Bartlett, Welch methods, and a proposed Bartlett-based method is evaluated. Performance evaluation through the receiver operating characteristics (ROCs) of the mentioned methods are presented and compared. Previous studies showed that, the standard periodogram used to give the best detection performance. In the present work, analytical derivation and simulation results showed that, the proposed method gives a better detection performance outperforming the standard periodogram at the expense of a tolerable reduction of the frequency resolution.


The paper established the model directly based on measured data of freeway,and predicted settlement of soft-clay ground,with the artificial networks (ANN). A perfect effectiveness is obtained through comparing and analyzing the result by some methods of curve fitting method such as hyperbolic method,exponential method,and three-point method. It proved that the neural network method can avoid the mistake due to human factor in traditional methods and can simulate engineering precisely,widely and easily.


On the basis of forecasting effective measure,each single forecasting model of combined forecasting method was regarded as a player of cooperative game in this paper and the square of forecasting effective measure as criterion of cooperative alliance.Then the weights to each single forecasting model is allocated using the Shapley value method.A numerical example was given to illustrate the use of the proposed method,which shows that the model could improve the combined forecasting accuracy effectively.


Recent advances in the development of detection schemes for myocardial ischemia which use frequency-domain parameters as detection statistics open up the possibility of using frequency-domain methods in the inverse problem of electrocardiography. The application of the minimum relative entropy (MRE) reconstruction principle to this problem is considered and its theoretical justification is given. The MRE method is compared to a standard time-domain least-squares method, constrained least squares (CLS). Initial results indicate that the MRE method promises to be able to overcome limitations of the time-domain least-squares methods which tend to make the latter difficult to apply in a clinical setting.<<ETX>>


This paper presents the results of a replication and extension of a previous study showing that white Americans seriously misperceive the racial values of other whites around them. Based on a 1970 national sample survey, the new data confirm the earlier findings that whites tended to overestimate white support for racial segregation and that this tendency was related to their own racial values. The second study also shows that many whites tended to underestimate white support for desegregation, that the tendency to attribute their own racial values to other whites varied with those values, and that, in general, white racial opinion was perceived to be more conservative than it actually was. Hubert J. O'Gorman is Professor of Sociology, Wesleyan University. Stephen L. Garry is a Research Associate with the Committee on Criminal Justice, Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The data reported in this paper were originally collected in the 1970 American National Election Study conducted by the Center for Political Studies at the University of Michigan and were made available by the Inter-University Consortium for Political Research. The authors wish to thank John Colombotos, Philip H. Ennis, Herbert H. Hyman, Allan G. Johnson, Robert K. Merton, Daniel Rossides, and John W. Sweeney, Jr. for their comments on an earlier draft of this paper. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the support provided by Wesleyan University Faculty Research Grants and the assistance of Carol C. Forman and Theresa L. Furman. POQ 40 (1976) 449-458 This content downloaded from 188.8.131.52 on Sat, 10 Sep 2016 05:30:40 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms


Objective(s): The present study aims to: (1) identify adolescents' QOL who receive hemodialysistherapy, (2) determine the impact of hemodialysis on adolescents' QOL, and (3) find out the relationship between QOL of adolescents who receive hemodialysis therapy and their sociodemographic characteristics. Methodology:A descriptive study was conducted on adolescentsof both genderswho experience chronic renal failure and receiving hemodialysis therapy, and their age range between 10 years to 19 years. The study started from the period of September2 nd ,2016 to May 22 nd ,2017.The present study was carried out at thedialysis centers in Baghdad Teaching Hospitals.A non-probability (purposive) sample of (50) patients who have been attending at Hemodialysis units. For the purpose of study, questionnaire format was designed and constructed by the investigator depending on:1. Adopted and developed quality of life scale from the world health organization scale (WHOQOL), to measure the variables underlying the present study, 2. Review of available literature related to the concept of QOL, burden of disease, and treatment upon adolescents with Hemodialysis, 3. Meeting with adolescents on Hemodialysis were carried out and open-ended questions used related to their disease and how it effects on their daily living activities, 4. The researcher experiences in the field work in dialysis centers.The study instrument consists of two parts: Part I: Adolescents Demographic Characteristicsinclude three sections: section 1: Adolescents Demographic Data, Section 2:Disease Related Information and Section 3: Socio-economic status scale(SESS).Part 2: Quality of Life Measurement Scale.Validity and reliability of the instrument is determined through pilot study. Data collection is initiated from December 22 nd , 2016 to March 2 nd ,2017 took approximately nine weeks. Data are analyzed through the use of SPSS (Statistical package for Social Sciences) version 20.0 application Statistical analysis system and Excel application. Descriptive and inferential statistical data analysis approaches are employed Results:Results of data analysis depict that participants instudy sample demonstrated that the majority of adolescents with hemodialysis therapy have decline in quality of life concerning the physical, psychological, social and level of independence domains at moderate level. Conclusion:The study concludes hemodialysis has an impact on the different psychological, social,level of dependent and physical life aspects of adolescents, also those adolescents' disease information and socioeconomic status have contributed to the creation of psychological, social, physical and level of dependent that generate effect on adolescents' quality of life withvarious levels. Recommendations: the researcher recommended the following:1.Advances in medical care resulted in minimize disease burden and increased long-term survival of adolescent patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) subsequently optimizing QOL .2. The importance of evaluating behavioral and social repercussions of CKD (Psychosocial interventions)in order to improve the life quality and stimulate coping strategies to give adolescent the capacity and confidence to manage, and gradually take responsibility for, their own health, as well as progressing in their studies and participating in the wider community. Since more adolescent with chronic kidney disease are reaching adult age, so requires attention to the psychosocial and developmental factors to ensure successful transition to adulthood. 3.Ongoing education for patients and distribution asimple manual booklet and is necessary to enhance their knowledge about the illness, understand the impact of the disease and its treatment on their lives.4. Continuous educational program for health team to increase knowledge and skills about the importance of improving QOL of HD patients through improving quality of care and health education for patients. 5. Future studies with a larger sample from different centers and more geographically diverse locations are needed.6. Health oriented mass media approach should be employed by the Ministry of Health to increase population Knowledge and awareness about the renal failure disease.


The identification of buried objects is one of the challenging and difficult topics in the ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) domain. In this paper, the transient resonant signals from buried perfectly electrical conductors (PECs) are measured by a kind of impulse GPR system. The relationship between the transient resonance and the natural poles of the buried PEC objects is studied. The wavelet transform (WT) method is used to denoise and calculate the instantaneous parameters. The instantaneous WT power and energy spectra of transient resonant signals are calculated and analyzed. The physical mechanism of the resonance of targets is also studied by the singularity expansion method (SEM) theory. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 427–431, 2002.


Abstract I argue for the view that the scientific model which Plato consistently had in mind when sharpening his main ethical theory was medicine. Moreover, I ascribe to Plato a "medical model of ethics". A careful examination of this model reveals how Plato appropriates several medical concepts and ideas by employing two central methodological devices in his thought: dialectical transposition and analogical characterisation. In discussing them, I identify different kinds of medical references in the dialogues –not all medical references in Plato have the same methodological status– and draw greater attention to the most recurrent medical analogies in them. More generally, the paper is also meant to provide a case study of the complex relationship between medicine and philosophy in Antiquity by examining in a new light the various ways in which the former served as an epistemological and ethical model for the latter.


n January of 2009 the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) announced that Manhattan Kansas would be the site for the new National Bio and Agrodefense Facility (NBAF). The NBAF is a major federal procurement initiative to replace the aging Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC) located at the tip of Long Island Yew York. With project costs estimated to exceed $500 million, the NBAF site competition has been at the center of a fierce three year-long competition between almost thirty groups vying for award of this major infectious disease laboratory. The winning strategy for the Heartland BioAgro Consortium, is a study in planning, cooperation, and regional collaboration.


Objectives: with the emergence of the pandemic in early 2020, there was an increase in the prices of medicines used in hospital anesthetic procedures. The main objective of this study was to assess the variations in prices of anesthetics used in general anesthesia procedures between the periods prior to and after the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Methods: we investigated 105 anesthesic records of exploratory laparotomies or laparoscopic procedures performed in a private hospital in southern Brazil and analyzed the prices of medicines used in two general anesthesia techniques: total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) and balanced anesthesia with anesthetic gases. We obtained the price of anesthetic procedures from records issued in the final trimesters of 2019, 2020, and 2021 (33, 43, and 29, respectively). Results: a statistically significant difference in prices was seen between periods for both techniques. The price of TIVA in 2019 was R$ 229.30/hour, in 2020 it was R$ 472.13/hour, and in 2021 it was R$ 247.38/hour. For balanced anesthesia, this price was R$ 66.32/hour in 2019, R$ 109.97/hour in 2020, and R$ 90.30/hour in 2021. In a post hoc analysis, significant differences were observed in the hourly prices of TIVA between 2019–2020 (p=0.01) and 2020–2021 (p=0.04); for balanced anesthesia, this was seen only in the 2019–2020 period (p=0.02). Conclusion: this study demonstrated significant increases in the mean prices of general anesthesia administered via intravenous (up to 36.36%) or inhalation (up to 89.47%) routes for exploratory laparotomies performed before and after the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in a private hospital in southern Brazil. However, no statistical difference in the hourly prices was observed between 2019 and 2021 for both anesthetic techniques.


Based on Jian carp and Huanghe carp, three populations including selfing of JL(Jian carp♀× Jian carp),direct cross JH(Jian carp♀× Huanghe carp♂) and back-cross HJ(Huanghe carp♀× Jian carp♂) were established and tagged by PIT(passive integrated transponder) system with concerned growth parameters measured on 157,398,598 days after hatching respectively. The major results were as follows. (1) The orders of the growth rates were HJJHJL on 157 and 398 days and the difference between JL and HJ was significant(P0.05). On 598 days, it turned out to be JLJHHJ and the difference among offspring was not significant(P0.05). (2) CV of body weight and CV of body length shared the same tendency that was HJJHJL on 157 and 398 days and JLHJJH on 598 days. CV of body length was smaller than that of body weight. (3) Fullness increased with time and it was the highest in JL. The difference between JL and JH,JL and HJ was significant. (4) The growth differences between female and male carps were significant. The growth rate of female carps was faster than that of JL all the time, whereas male ones only showed the growth advantage over JL on 157 days and heterosis declined on 398,598 days. (5) The decision coefficient of body length to body weight played a leading role on 398 days. On 598 days, the decision coefficients of body height played a leading role for HJ(♀),JL(♀) and body length for JL(♂),HJ(♂),JH(♀). For JH(♂), the decision coefficient of body length and body height were almost the same. (6) Difference of body weight and absolute growth rate of body weight were not significantly influenced (P0.05) by breeding days, but the influence was highly significant (P0.01) to body length, absolute growth rate of body length, instantaneous growth rate of body weight, CV of body weight, growth index and fullness. The influence produced by different populations and different sex of fish was highly significant to all the growth parameters above.


In their work on Turner's formative period, Ray A. Billington and Fulmer Mood have shown that the Frontier Thesis, formulated in 1893 in "The Significance of the Frontier in American History," is not so much a brilliant early effort by a young scholar as a mature study in which Turner gave his ideas an organization that proved to be final. During the rest of his life he developed but never disclaimed or modified them. Billington and Mood also add that the Frontier Thesis is meant to test a new approach to history that Turner had been developing since the beginning of his academic career. We can fully understand it, then, only by setting it within the framework of the assumptions and goals of his 1891 essay, "The Significance of History," Turner's only attempt to sketch a philosophy of history.


Tunable fibre Fabry–Perot filters were constructed and tested to meet the optical and mechanical requirements for a direct detection, passive optical wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) computer network to interconnect computer work stations.


Abstract The biostratigraphic study of Tofthog core is the first preliminary part of a more extensive litho- and biostratigraphic survey of the Quaternary layers in the Alnarp Valley. The material was analyzed for its content of pollen, spores, diatoms, silicoflagellates and other microfossils occurring in the pollen and diatom slides. The Tofthog core contains no organic sediments. All the microfossils noted are either reworked or allochthonous. The frequencies of pre-Quaternary (extinct) and Quaternary (extant) pollen show a distinct variation in different strata. According to Andersen (1965), the till with high content of Quaternary pollen is transported from the south or southeast and the tills with dominance of pre-Quaternary material from the north. The various pollen contents in the different till beds at Tofthog show that the lowest till has been transported from N and the middle till from S—SE. The upper till bed can be divided biostratigraphically into a lower part, transported from N and an upp...


Combining teaching on the education for specialized knowledge and behaving as a man is a necessary demand for quality education. To combine quality education with business management organically and pay attention to the ties between the education for specialized knowledge and consciousnesses of cooperation, law and discipline, competition, creation, study, responsibility and life, it can lay a good foundation for training talent men.


The praying mantiss are a group of over 2500 predatory insects (Order Mantodea: Superorder Dictyoptera) distributed in tropical and subtropical habitats of the world, from the rainforest to the desert ground. Currently, the order Mantodea comprises over 20 families, out of which the global distribution of 2 families: Liturgusidae and Thespidae is provided in this compilation. The family Liturgusidae includes a broad assemblage of genera distributed on five continents, all members being characterized as ecomorphic specialists on tree trunks or branches. The family consists of 19 genera and 92 species distributed in Neotropical Central and South America, Tropical Africa and Australasia. The family Thespidae is the most speciose (41 genera, 224 species) and ecologically diversified lineage of Neotropical praying mantiss comprising 6 subfamilies: Haaniinae (2 genera, 10 species), Hoplocoryphinae (3 genera, 41 species), Miobantiinae (3 genera, 19 species), Oligonicinae (16 genera, 71 species), Pseudomiopteriginae (7 genera, 28 species) and Thespinae (10 genera, 44 species).


On-site analysis of trichloroethylene (TCE) in aqueous samples by head- space sample preparation and gas chromatography (HS/GC) provides for quick and precise concentration estimates. This analytical approach is well suited for the on-site determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in a variety of sample matrices, including ground water and saturated and unsatured soils. For these reasons, HS/GC can be used to establish analyte concentrations on a near real time basis to help select appropriate casing material during monitoring well installation. This application and the collection of multiple well samples during sampling events facilitates the hydrogeological site interpretation and the formulation of remediation strategies.


Vehicular Ad-hoc Network is a leading technology to improve driving experience in terms of providing applications such as safety applications, comfort applications and commercial applications similar to the ad-hoc network. In VANET each vehicle performs as a mobile node. There are two types of communications; vehicular-to-vehicular and vehicular-to-infrastructure which is supported by wireless network technologies. Choosing a routing protocol is a very important part of any network because finding the best convenient route through which a source node can send the data to the destination node, is the biggest challenging task. Broadcast storm, network partition, and temporal fragmentation are some issues in the Vehicular ad-hoc network. A modified AODV routing algorithm has been proposed to conquer these issues. In this algorithm, we use WiMAX base stations instead of using RSUs. The simulation of this modified algorithm has been done using the NS-2 simulator. The performance of the modified AODV algorithm has been evaluated by performance matrix which includes: packet delivery ratio, throughput and average end-to-end delay with respect to the number of nodes. The results of the modified AODV algorithm are compared with AODV which shows significant improvement.


This paper describes the main points of quality control of common plastering engineering from preparatory stage to construction work before the construction to the all-round quality control in the construction, and in the light of some common construction quality problems, puts forward some adopted pre-control measure to ensure the construction quality.