The modeling and analysis of electron devices including photovoltaic devices requires the knowledge of the surface recombination velocities at the two surfaces of the wafer along with the bulk lifetime. In this paper, the work of Luke and Cheng [J. Appl. Phys. 61, 2282 (1987)] is extended to account for the asymmetric case of different surface recombination velocities at the two wafer surfaces. We present the analysis and discuss experimental procedures to extract the above three parameters. The contactless measurement technique is based on the transient behavior of infrared absorption due to the decay of optically excited excess carriers. In order to determine the surface recombination velocities at both surfaces, the measurements must be made with each side acting as the front surface. An example of parameter extraction is presented.


In case any of you are expecting a tale of mystery and intrigue on the high seas—complete with ships in hidden coves—I'm afraid I must disappoint you. My Drugs from the Sea story is not so dramatic, although it has its excitement (since the potential is always there for discovering a miracle drug from life in the sea).


Rendle-Short, Wilkinson, and Danby show how social interaction is directly relevant to maintaining friendships, mental health and well-being, and supportive peer relations. Using conversation analysis, the chapter focuses on conversational participants' pursuit of affiliation and intimacy from a language as action perspective. It focuses on the use of derogatory naming practices by a 10-year-old girl diagnosed with Asperger's Syndrome. The analysis shows how derogatory address terms, part of a wider pattern of behaviour evident in this child's interaction, result in behaviour that might be thought of as impolite or lacking in restraint. It also illustrates how a single case study can draw attention to the context-specific nature of interaction when working with children with Asperger's Syndrome. The chapter contributes to our understanding of the difficulty in pinpointing, with precision and with clear evidence, what counts as a 'social interaction difficulty' due to the context specific nature of interaction.


Mao Ze-dong's character of advocating independence is the mental basis on which his thought of self-reliance took shape,and his particular experience and deep understanding of Chinese society is the prerequisite. The fundamental theory of self-reliance expounded by Marxism constitutes essential structure of Mao's self-reliance thought . The doctrine of the unity of knowing and doing existing in traditional Chinese culture is the cultural background.


— The objective was to identify the user's perception of the interpersonal relationship with the nurse regarding the assistance received in the consultation of the Hiperdia program, based on the different roles that the nurse can assume, in the light of Peplau's theory of interpersonal relationships.Descriptive research, with a qualitative approach, carried out with 20 users registered in the Hiperdia Program of a Basic Health Unit, in the city of Belém, Pará, Brazil. The theory based on data from Strauss and Corbin and the IRaMuTeQ software were used. Resolution 510/2016, approved in CAAE: 14945819.8.0000.0018, was respected.Most participants were female 16 (80%), incomplete elementary school 14 (70%) and over 60 years old 11 (55%). Four categories were identified: 1) The user-nurse bond in the health service; 2) User-nurse interaction in the identification of risk factors and care regarding Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases; 3) Health education activities to improve the quality of life of users with Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases;4) How the user deals with the disease and the nurse's help in understanding the problem.All were correlated with the roles played by the nurse, according to Peplau's theory.Realize that the nurse's roles are intertwined, as they are sequential steps. In research, the role of the stranger was the only negative point, as it still remains a reality in primary care.


The purpose of the article is to analyze the management of pedagogical activity in conditions of uncertainty, to determine the factors of uncertainty, their content and impact on the management of pedagogical activity, to high-light the features of transformations in the management of the educational process in conditions of uncertainty. The objectives of the study include the analysis of sources about the pedagogical activity management in conditions of uncertainty, the definition of the concept of "transformation of pedagogical activity management", the definition of uncertainty factors, the identification of transformations in the pedagogical activity management in conditions of uncertainty. Research methodology: a comparative analysis of theoretical and practical sources on the management of pedagogical activity has revealed the lack of attention in modern research to the disclosure of the management of pedagogical activity in conditions of uncertainty; the method of theoretical analysis allowed us to identify uncertainty factors and their impact on the management of pedagogical activity; the method of pedagogical observation was used to determine the features of transformations in the management of the educational process in conditions of uncertainty. The transformation of pedagogical activity management is understood as the ongoing transformations in the educational environment that occur as a result of certain social and pedagogical changes, which can be both chaotic and purposeful, and arising from internal and external sources which actively influence the management process.


The deployment of new 5G services and future demands for 6G make it necessary to increase the performance of access networks. This challenge has prompted the development of new standardization proposals for Passive Optical access Networks (PONs) that offer greater bandwidth, greater reach and a higher rate of aggregation of users per fiber, being Time- and Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (TWDM) a promising technological solution for increasing the capacity by up to 40 Gbps by using several wavelengths. This solution introduces tunable transceivers into the Optical Network Units (ONUs) for switching from one wavelength to the other, thus addressing the ever-increasing bandwidth demands in residential broadband and mobile fronthaul networks based on Fiber to the Home (FTTH) technology. This adds complexity and sources of inefficiency, such as the laser tuning time (LTT) delay, which is often ignored when evaluating the performance of Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (DBA) mechanisms. We present a novel DBA algorithm that dynamically handles the allocation of bandwidth and switches the ONUs' lasers from one wavelength to the other while taking LTT into consideration. To optimize the packet delay, we introduce a scheduling mechanism that follows the Longest Processing Time first (LPT) scheduling discipline, which is implemented over the Interleaved Polling with Adaptive Cycle Time (IPACT) DBA. We also provide quality of service (QoS) differentiation by introducing the Max-Min Weighted Fair Share Queuing principle (WFQ) into the algorithm. The performance of our algorithm is evaluated through simulations against the original IPACT algorithm, which we have extended to support multi-wavelengths. With the introduction of LPT, we obtain an improved performance of up to 73% reduction in queue delay over IPACT while achieving QoS differentiation with WFQ.


The mechanical properties of macroscopic laser deposited three-dimensional tensile test specimens out of Stellite® 21 are presented in this work. A modified software enabled the additive manufacturing of tensile test specimens through direct metal deposition using the widespread laser cladding process and hardware. The additive manufacturing set-up included a 3-axis-CNC-machine and a laser cladding processing head with coaxial powder feed. The software VisCAM RP4.0 from Marcam Engineering usually used for selective laser melting (SLM) devices was adapted within this work to translate the data of the CAD-Model into the G-Code to realise the trajectory of the CNC-machine. Three different exposure strategies were applied for the build up of tensile test specimens. The influence of the path orientation on the mechanical properties under unidirectional tensile load was investigated. It was found out that the properties of the laser generated parts were competitive to as-cast parts regarding ultimate tensile strength and Young's modulus.


The problem of poor delivery of public services has been a cause of worry for the government for more than three decades. For achieving better efficiency of public expenditure, government introduced Performance Budget in I 970 's, and Zero Base Budgeting (ZBB) in I 980 s but they have not made much dent. This article focuses attention on the fact that poor productivity· of public expenditure is inherent in the budgetary and financial management praCfices and argues for bringing structural changes for better delivery outcomes of public services.


In this work, new equations for first-order shear deformation plates are deduced taking into account the kinematic assumptions of the Bolle-Reissner theory but considering the equilibrium equations in the deformed configuration for the plate. The system of differential equations deduced is applicable to the calculation of the stresses in isotropic plates and is valid for thin and moderately thick plates. Analytical solutions are also presented in this work which are compared, when possible, with the ones obtained with other refined shear deformation plate theories.


The present work is a descriptive explanation of the processes of the occupation of the Jesuit-Guarani Missions, which ended up transforming it into a tourist atiraction beyond borders. Its present-day status is a resu of the relations which have been established between the Iberian sett and the Local inhabitants and arnong thernselves, and the environrnent with its resources It cari be said that its singularity is a consequence of the historie processes which are evident i three welI-defrned periods: Pre-Jesuit period it is characterized by the organization of the Guarani Indians in srnall communities which occupied places having a fertile sou, good for agriculture, like the flat lands along rivers, valleys and woodland. They maintained an ecological relation with lhe territory, extracting from the sou only the every day necessities for their survival. Jesuit Period: in which there was a "reduction" of lhe Indian cornmunit and which started a new way of interaction with the territory, irnplernenting, at the sarne time, a coilective cornplernentary production system together with a business-like system responsible for sending to Europe products like tallow, rnate, cotton, bom and leather. Post-Jesuit Period: beginn ing since lhe destruction of the Missions liii nowadays. li is characterized by social , economical and environmental i due to agronornic , mineral and industrial expansion, based on a model which is characterized by lhe deterioration ofthe environnient as a by-product ofprogress, not being able to solve the economie and social. Probtems ofthe regional population. This period is also characterized because of a search for solutions for regional problems, througli a dynarnic use of its ricli cultural-historical touristic patrirnony . The use of lhe historical evolutionary rnethod, through bihliographic and field research, with direci and systernatic observation and interviews Ied to the foliowing objectives: to analyze the irnportance of lhe Jesuit Missions in the consolidation of the Southern Brazilian boundaries; to analyze the situation of the archeological sites of lhe formem Jesuit-Guarani reductions, to evaluate the importance of lhe architectonic remainings ofthe old Jesuit-Guarani reductions as a touristic potential; lo analyze lhe prograrns and the projects destined to lhe Missions Region as far as tourism is 17


We study the general properties of the natural modes of dielectric resonators containing active regions filled with a gain material. Such resonators serve as models of THz microcavity lasers, where the pumping is achieved by the injection of carriers. Using the Maxwell equations with rigorous radiation condition and Poynting theorem, we establish the correspondence between the self-excitation thresholds of the natural modes and their Q factors and overlap coefficients of the mode field with the active region. This gives the firm ground to the empiric "gain=loss" expression that is in the core of the semiclassical, i.e. based on the ray description, theory lasers. The derived expressions can be used for the validation of the numerical analyses of the lasing modes. Numerical example is presented for a two-dimensional (2D) model of a disk laser with radially non-uniform material gain.


Abstract The essential oils isolated by hydrodistillation from the leaves of six Eucalyptus were analyzed by GC and GC/M S. The main components identified in E. intertexta R.T.Baker oil were 1,8-cineole (64.8%), terpinen-1-ol (7.2%) and α-pinene (5.7%); in E. largiflorens F.Muell. were 1,8-cineole (47%), p-cymene (10.6%) and α-terpineol (8.5%); in E. kingsmillii Maiden et Blakely were 1,8-cineole (77%), α-pinene (8.7%) and camphene (3.8%); in E. dealbata A. Cunn. were 1,8-cineole (70.6%), α-pinene (13%) and terpinen-1-ol (3.7%). The major components of the oil of E. loxophleba Benth. ssp. loxophleba were 1,8-cineole (41.9%), α-pinene (13.7%) and aromadendrene (3.7%), and the major components of E. kruseana F.Muell. were bicyclogermacrene (28.8%), α-pinene (17.7%) and 1,8-cineole (12.1%).


A signed binary (SE) addition circuit is presented that always produces an even parity representation of the sum word. The novelty of this design is that no extra check bits are generated or used. The redundancy inherent in a SE representation is further exploited to contain parity information.


Aridity as a spatial concept and drought as a temporal concept have always been studied in different aspects as two distinct categories. However, both concepts indicate anomalies from normal condition. Several indices have been introduced to examine each of these concepts using one or more hydrological cycle's components. Meanwhile, soil moisture and changes in its spatial and temporal variations can be considered as one of the most important factors in detecting the drought and determining the areas of drought. Due to difficulties including cost and time consuming measurements, soil moisture has not been used so far. In this study, the intensity and the persistence of drought in Kerman province were evaluated using soil moisture from the output of NASA Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS). For this purpose, the new GLDAS based Aridity and Drought Index (GADI) was used, which realized the drought and aridity in each region simultaneously. The soil moisture time series in four soil layers were derived from NOAH land surface model for the years 1953 until 2017. GADI were employed to map aridity and drought conditions. The results showed that the severity of drought increased in lower soil layers. The low percentage of soil moisture in the lower layers indicates that lower layers had not been fed from rainfall as a result of sever evaporation losses. This also shows the existence of long-term droughts in these layers.


Objective:To investigate the effect of suppression of hypoxia induced factor-1α(HIF-1α)on the growth of lung cancer in vivo.Methods:The plasmid expressing small interfering RNA(siRNA) targeted HIF-1α was constructed and transfected into A549.The cells with the transfected plasmids were injected into nude mice.Tumors were measured 15 days after injection,cell apoptosis was detected with TUNEL method and cell proliferation was measured with MTT.Results:Inhibiting the expression of HIF-1α accelerated the growth of A549 in vivo,protected cell apoptosis and promoted cell proliferation in hypoxia environment,also suppressed the expression of key genes involved in glycolysis.Conclusion:HIF-1α accelerates the glycolysis pathway by up-regulation of the expression of key genes involved in glycolysis,thus,promotes the cell apoptosis and inhibits cell proliferation during hypoxia.


Liquid–liquid phase separation in polymethylbutylene/polyethylbutylene blends near the metastability limit was studied using small angle neutron scattering (SANS). Our objective was to study the relationship between quench depth and Rc, the lower limit for the length scale of the structures formed during the early stages of the phase transition (nuclei). During the early stage of phase separation, the SANS profiles merged at a time-independent critical scattering vector, qc. We discuss different methods for estimating qc, and present arguments for the scaling relationship, Rc∼1/qc. The theory of Cahn and Hilliard predicts that in metastable blends Rc increases with increasing quench depth, and diverges at the spinodal. In contrast, our experimental measurements showed Rc increases with decreasing quench depth, and the location of the point where Rc diverges lies between the binodal and the spinodal. Some aspects of our results are addressed in recent theoretical work of Wang and Wood [J. Chem. Phys. 117, ...


In tomato, the only commercially available source of resistance to root-knot nematodes (RKN) is the Mi-1 gene that confers resistance to Meloidogyne incognita, M javanica and M arenaria. However, its effectiveness was limited at higher soil temperatures. A study was initiated with the objective to check the durability of the potential resistance genes found in some tomato breeding lines after screening in controlled glasshouse conditions <= 27 degrees C by exposing them to higher soil temperatures at 28, 32 and 36 degrees C for 24 and 48 h periods. The aggressive Jittu and Babile M incognita and Jittu and Koka M javanica populations originally collected from Ethiopia were used. When seedlings reached the four-leaf stage, each tube was inoculated with 50 freshly (< 24 h) hatched infective second-stage juveniles (J2). Immediately after inoculation, the seedlings were exposed continuously for 24 and 48 h in a warm water bath at 28, 32 and 36 degrees C, respectively. A control was kept separately in ambient temperature (24 degrees C 2 degrees C). The external ambient temperature and the soil temperature inside the tube while in the water bath were simultaneously recorded using a TESTO data logger. Temperature, tomato breeding lines and time had a significant effect on the number of J2 of Jittu and Babile M incognita and Jittu and Koka M javanica populations that penetrated the roots. The utility of the potential resistance found in the breeding lines during the controlled growth chamber resistance screening experiment was limited at higher soil temperatures, especially at 32 and 36 degrees C. At 36 degrees C there was no significant difference found on the mean number of penetrated J2 of Jittu and Babile M incognita and Jittu and Koka M javanica populations inside the roots of all the tested breeding lines compared to 'Marmande' (a susceptible control) after 48 h of heat exposure after inoculation. More J2 were found in the roots of the tested breeding lines after 48 h compared to 24 h heat exposure after inoculation for each soil temperature level tested and for both populations of M incognita. It is clear from our observations that local tomato breeding lines with resistance potential can be used when soil temperatures remain below 32 degrees C. Differences were observed between breeding lines depending on the RKN population used at higher temperatures and this knowledge can help in further optimising the development of sustainable resistance under local Ethiopian circumstances.


A Phonocardiogram (PCG) signal represents murmurs and sounds signals made by vibrations caused for the period of a cardiac cycle. Acoustic wave generated through the beat of the cardiac cycle propagates through the chest wall. It can be easily recorded by a low-cost small handheld digital device called a stethoscope. It provides information like heart rate, intensity, tone, quality, frequency, and location of various components of cardiac sound. Due to these characteristics, phonocardiogram signals can be used to detect heart status at an early stage in a non-invasive manner. In previous studies, the Convolutional Neural Network (ConvNet) is the most studied architecture, which was fed by features, namely Mel Frequency Cepstral (MFC), Chroma Energy Normalized Statistics (CENS), and Constant-Q Transform (CQT). This work has proposed a ConvNet model trained by Hybrid Constant-Q Transform (HCQT) for heart sound beat classification. CQT, Variable-Q Transform (VQT), and HCQT are extracted from each phonocardiogram signal as the acoustic features, including the dominant MFCC features, feed into five-layer regularized ConvNets. After analyzing the literature in the same domain, it can be stated that this is the first time HCQT is being utilized for PCG signals. The findings of the experiments demonstrate that HCQT is more effective than standard CQT and other variants. Also, the accuracies of the system proposed in this work on the validation datasets are 96% in multi-class classification, which outperforms the proposed work relative to other models significantly. The source code is available on the Github repository https://github.com/shamiktiwari/ PCG-signal-Classification-using-Hybrid-Constant-Q-Transform to support the research community.


The result of this investigation is an operational model that can be used to accurately identify real stock market time series. In other words, if we are presented with a collection of blinded time series (real-life time series and simulated Random-Walks) then the proposed model will allow us to discriminate between both categories. In addition, it is shown that the type II error of this model quickly converges to zero as the time series length increases. The most remarkable feature of this model is its simplicity: a (bias-reduced) logistic regression with a single exogenous variable (the kurtosis p-value) based on the Quasi Random-Walk model that relates returns of equity and the entire market in times of large market returns. This model can be used as an objective rating benchmark for the models that are used by hedge funds to identify the stocks that should be used in a market neutral arbitrage strategy of long and short positions. In addition, it allows independent auditors to objectively evaluate the added value of statistical and technical analysis techniques that are often used in investment decisions. A rating mechanism that is based on the proposed benchmark, provides valuable information about the investment strategy even in absence of full disclosure.


The operation of conventional roast has many disadvantages, that is combustion air intake cannot be controlled and excess air intake will cause charcoal fuel to run out quickly. Operation of conventional equipment can also cause work accidents because excessive sparks from burning charcoal and charcoal smoke will disrupt the health of the operator. One of innovation in overcoming these problems is by designing and manufacturing a fish roasting machine with rotary system. This machine uses an electric motor ¼ HP. Round for roasting is 3 RPM. Based on the performance test, the roasting temperature is 185 oC. The length of time for roasting catfish, tongkol and kuniran is 10, 11 and 13 minutes respectively while the roasting capacity is 126, 114 and 96 tails/hour. The amount of charcoal fuel needed for roasting catfish is 0.8 kg, tongkol is 0.9 kg and kuniran is 1.1 kg. Total energy including electricity and energy from charcoal for catfish is 25,712.5 kJ, tongkol is 28,923.75 kJ/kg and kuniran is 35,346.25 kJ / kg. The main cost of catfish roasting is Rp. 332 /tail, tongkol is Rp. 374 /tail and kuniran Rp. 432 /tail.


Many CDISC variables are related to each other and this paper is one of a short series of example-focused papers devoted to exploring relationships among CDISC variables. This paper focuses on using the RELREC domain to link or establish relationships among records in the AE and CM domains. RELREC is used for two purposes. First it can be used to establish relationships among observations in different data sets. The CDISC Implementation Guide (IG) says that one should use RELREC to establish those relationships collected on the CRF. This purpose will be illustrated in this paper. The second use of RELREC is to define relationships between whole domains/data sets. This is required when a sponsor has divided data into two data sets and needs to be able to examine the data, together as part of analysis. This use of RELREC will not be discussed in this paper. As this paper is part of a series on variable relationships, the paper will digress and also discuss relationships among variables in the three domains, AE, CM, and RELREC. Variables occur (with different two character prefixes and the same suffix) in multiple domains and this "repeating of variables in multiple domains" is a type of relationship. There will be sections of the paper that appear repetitive. This is intentional. Relationships among variables in a domain will be developed by explanation. The fact that a domains have similar structures, similar variables, is a form of relationship. We will develop this second type of relationship by repeating variable descriptions. All information in this paper is already present in the CDISC Implementation Guide, but it is hoped that a short, topicfocused, example-based, discussion of these issues might be of use to the community.


In this paper, a multi-index, bi-criteria, fixed charge transportation problem (MIBCFCTP) is considered in which the parameters of cost and duration are taken as trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. An algorithm incorporating an extended VAM and an extended MODI method is developed to find Pareto optimal solutions of the problem. The algorithm is illustrated with a numerical example and solutions obtained are compared with existing methods.


Multiporous MnCo2O4 microspheres are fabricated via the solvothermal method followed by pyrolysis of carbonate precursor to demonstrate excellent bifunctional catalytic activity toward both the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Because of this multiporous structure, the resulting MnCo2O4 microspheres show an efficient electrocatalytic performance in LiTFSI/TEGDME electrolyte-based Li–O2 batteries. MnCo2O4 microspheres as the air cathode deliver better performance during the discharging and charging processes and good cycle stability compared with that of the Super P. This preliminary result manifests that multiporous MnCo2O4 microspheres are promising cathode catalysts for nonaqueous Li–O2 batteries.


Base on the relations between the anticoccidial activity and the structure of compounds in other literatures,two hydroxyl quinoline carboxylate derivatives are synthesized,some significant results are otained about the synthesis of hydroxyl quinolinecarboxylate compounds.


The conception ,category,research history and actuality of physical fatigue are retrospect in this review possible mechanisms and relationship of peripheral fatigue and central fatigue are discussed too. Now researches in this topic have put emphasis on biochemistry,bioelectricity ,micro-dialysis , genetic-engineering.The concept of central fatigue may be not appropriate ,and the relation between them is complex .To resolve questions such as resisting fatigue, eliminating fatigue, keep fit , future studies should be on not only assess fatigue in micro,but also on the possible mechanisms by bioelectricity researching. Also some query on physical fatigue researching are bring forward.


Underpinned by the assumption that people would support affirmative action based on self-interests, and/or when they have high job security not to be threatened by the policy, this study investigated the likelihood that workers would differentially support affirmative action by their demographic attributes. Analyses of three demographic models—social, organizational, and combined(social plus organizational)—were used to determine predictors of support for affirmative action. Findings of the third (combined) model indicated that organizational tenure (an organizational demographic variable) and educational completion (a social demographic variable), respectively, were the two strongest predictors of support for affirmative action. This study suggested that factors of achievement, rather than race-ethnicity or gender, were the strongest predictors of support for affirmative action. This finding may be useful to personnel and human resources leaders in designing programs for employee acceptance of affirmative action programs.


Rubber closures used in the pharmaceutical industry were tested for cytotoxicity in primary cultures of chick embryo cells and in cultures of cells passaged from human mal gnant tissue. Assay was by three methods: direct contact, growth-extract, and maintenance-extract. In the first, rubber samples were placed in direct contact with cell monolayers. In the growth-extract system, a sample was incubated in growth medium, and the resultant extract was placed in a cell suspension. In the maintenance-extract method, following incubation of a sample in maintenance medium, the extract was overlayed on a cell monolayer. Tissue culture provided a more sensitive test of toxicity in comparison with the generally accepted implantation of rubber in the paravertebral muscles of rabbits.


Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) was modified by 20 % methyl-methacrylate (MMA). Specimens were examined by two directional tribological wearing methods. Wear resistance of the modified materials was found to be increased by 38 %. Despite the promising results further experiments are needed to utilize it as human implant.


1) Bargaining Unexplained, page 2 2) Bargaining Assumptions in the Study of Politics, Law and War, page 27 3) Bargaining and Voting, page 49


This paper details the design of the cislunar optical navigation system being proposed for the Orion Earth-Moon (EM) missions. In particular, it presents the mathematics of the navigation filter. The unmodeled accelerations and their characterization are detailed. It also presents the analysis that has been performed to understand the performance of the proposed system, with particular attention paid to entry flight path angle constraints and the delta-V performance.


In their Comment, Petrovi\ifmmode \acute{c}\else \'{c}\fi{} et al. claim that some of the results previously published by us on the use of the ``accessible soliton'' model of Snyder et al. are incorrect, and they claim that the correct results were published elsewhere. In order to give our perspective on the problem, we discuss and clarify some of the existing literature and our own work on the subject, underlining the importance of the accessible soliton approximation and its recent improvements towards enabling a general understanding of light self-confinement in highly nonlocal media, both quantitatively and qualitatively.


The Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) commenced its field operations in January 1985. Texas A&M University (TAMU), as Science Operator, has as its ultimate task to collect cores from the floor of the oceans and to ensure that adequate scientific analyses are performed on those samples. The Science Operator implements the science plans, provides logistical and technical support for the shipboard science team, manages post-cruise activities and the long term curation and distribution of core samples, and coordinates, edits, and publishes the final research product. The scientific program uses a dynamically positioned commercial drillship, the JOIDES RESOLUTION, which has a much more expansive research and drilling facility than previously employed for scientific ocean drilling. TAMU receives scientific guidance from an international scientific organization called the Joint Oceanographic Institutions for Deep Earth Sampling (JOIDES). The primary scientific objectives of the ODP lie in studying the origin and evolution of the oceanic crust, the tectonic evolution of the continental margins, the origin and evolution of marine sedimentary sequences, studies of long term changes in the atmosphere, oceans, cryosphere, biosphere, and magnetic field, and in the development of new tools and technology for deep ocean exploration and drilling. This paper describes the future science plans and an overview of the Ocean Drilling Program.


Biomolecular condensates formed by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) are crucial for various life activities. Critical phenomena are observed during LLPS in cells and in vitro, but few studies provide quantitative theoretical explanations for them. In this study, we set up a Bethe network model to simulate percolation, which explains LLPS quantitatively and semi-quantitatively. We designed a condensate system to determine the peptide's affinity to its target protein. Finally, we found that the artificial condensate can modify the catalytic reaction's efficiency. Thus, we provide a new perspective on understanding biomolecular condensate assembly and lay the foundation for artificially designing biomolecular condensates.


Objective To investigate the predictive value of the combined detection of serum progesterone (P) and human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) rise in 48 h on early pregnancy outcome.Methods Two hundred and eighty-seven cases of pregnant women were divided into normal control group,threatened abortion group,inevitable abortion group and ectopic pregnancy group. Using the ECL/RTA technology, the relationships of P and pregnancy outcome, β-HCG rise in 48 h and changes of pregnancy outcome were observed. Results P and β-HCG of the normal group and threatened abortion group were significantly higher than other groups. People whose P was greater than 20 μg/L appeared lower adverse intrauterine pregnancy outcome and ectopic pregnancy. People whose P was less than 10 μg/L during early pregnancy appeared higher rate of adverse intrauterine pregnancy outcome and ectopic pregnancy. The differences between the two groups were significant (P<0.05). The group whose 48 h β-HCG increased significantly had higher rate than the one whose 48hβ-HCG rise was not satisfactory in good intrauterine pregnancy outcome. Adverse outcomes of intrauterine pregnancy rate and ectopic pregnancy rate were relatively low. There were significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05) Conclusions During early pregnancy, the combined detection of P and 48 h β-HCG rise had important clinical value in predicting the pregnancy outcome and guiding therapy.

Key words:
Early pregnancy;  Progesterone;  β- Chorionic gonadotropin;  Pregnancy outcome


This paper develops a 200-W wide-input-range (64–160-to-24-V) rail grade dc–dc converter based on gallium nitride devices. A two-stage configuration is proposed. The first regulated stage is a two-phase interleaved buck converter (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$>$</tex-math></inline-formula>400 kHz), and the second unregulated stage is an <italic>LLC</italic> (2-MHz) dc transformer. In order to achieve high frequency and high efficiency, the critical-mode operation is applied for the buck converter, and the negative coupled inductors are used to reduce the frequency and the conduction losses. Then, a systematical methodology is proposed to optimize the planar-coupled inductors. For the unregulated <italic>LLC</italic> converter, it can always work at its most efficient point, and an analytical model is used to optimize the planar transformer. Finally, the proposed dc–dc converter, built in a quarter brick form factor, is demonstrated with a peak efficiency of 95.8% and a power density of 195 W/in<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^3$</tex-math></inline-formula>.


Background Migraine headaches are a common problem worldwide, especially in adolescents. They are usually chronic, with frequent relapses. Therefore, any dietary risk factor for headaches has important implications on migraineurs. However, the association between migraine and diet needs to be examined further. Objective To investigate the association between diet and migraine in adolescents. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in August to September 2009 on 13 - 18 year old adolescents in a senior high school in Medan, North Sumatera. We included subjects diagnosed with migraine, according to the International Headache Society (IHS) criteria. Ninety participants completed the questionnaire. Foods we observed for a link to migraine included milk, chocolate, ice cream, cheese, bread, instant noodles, meatballs, chili sauce, sweetener, yoghurt, pizza, and other foods and beverages. Results Of the 90 participants with migraines, there were more females (61.1%) than males. There were statistically significant associations between migraine and triggering foods (P = 0.045, 95% CI 0.59 to 0.79) as well as between migraine and family history of migraine (P = 0.043, 95% CI 0.46 to 0.66). Stress (P = 0.164), menstruation (P = 0.369), and sound or light (P= 0.577) had no significant association with migraine. A wide variety of foods and beverages were implicated as migraine precipitants. The most common were chili sauce (75.8%), ice cream (71.0%), milk (67.7%), instant noodles (67.7%), chocolate (61.3%), peanuts (59.7%), cheese (54.8%) and meatballs (54.8%). Conclusion Food and family history have a significant association with the occurrence of migraine in adolescents.


The invention provides an air-powered automobile. The air-powered automobile comprises an automobile body assembly and a chassis assembly. The chassis assembly comprises a power supply plug wire, a compressed air storage tank, an air-powered engine, a clutch, a gearbox, a transmission shaft, a rear axle, an automobile frame, wheels, a shift lever, a tail gas exhaust device, an air inlet loop and a control device. The air-powered engine is fixed to the automobile frame through a front engine suspension and a rear engine suspension and connected to the transmission shaft sequentially through the clutch and the gearbox. The output end of the transmission shaft is connected with the rear axle, and the rear axle drives the wheels to rotate. The gearbox is fixed to the automobile frame through a cushion. According to the air-powered automobile, air resources are used as power, no diesel or gasoline is needed, and the automobile can travel in a loaded mode simply by filling the automobile with compressed air; and the combustion process is omitted, effective energy saving and emission reducing are achieved, and emission of gas which can pollute the atmosphere is avoided.


The filtration membrane by forming a loop shape, it becomes possible to provide a high internal pressure in chemical cleaning, it is possible to reverse liquid cleaning at a high internal pressure.


1 of its complications, hypotony, we shall report on a case of long-standing postoperative hypotony (6 years) and the noteworthy result of therapy. The mode of action of cyclodialysis has been diligently sought. It was Heine's contention that his operation created a pathway through which aqueous could reach the suprachoroidal space, where it would be absorbed. Elschnig10 and then Barkan3 histologically demonstrated the presence of this surgically created pathway or cleft in the successfully cyclodialyzed eye. Some investigators 16,19 believe that cyclodialysis promotes the escape of aqueous through the usual exit channels either by facilitating access to, or egress from, the canal of Schlemm. By photographing the aqueous veins before and after transcorneal cyclodialysis, an admittedly crude technique, Saeteren and Thomassen20 concluded that aqueous escapes from the usual channels with increased outflow facility and that aqueous production remains unchanged. Salus 21 thought there was reduced forma¬ tion of aqueous through ciliary-body atro¬ phy following section of its nerves and vessels, and Elschnig did not exclude the possibility of reduced aqueous production


The analysis of vertical oscillating wing located b eneath the ship's hull is investigated as an unsteady thrust production mechanism, augmenting th e overall propulsion system of the ship. The wing undergoes a combined flapping and pitching osc illatory motion, in a uniform inflow and in the presence of waves. The flapping motion is induced b y the motion of the ship in waves, essentially ship rolling and swaying. The pitching motion of th e wing about its pivot axis, is properly selected as a function of the ship rolling motion in order t o produce thrust, with simultaneous generation of useful antirolling moment for ship stabilization. S hip flow hydrodynamics are modeled using a Rankine source-sink formulation, and ship responses are calculated taking into account the additional forces and moments due to the above biom imetic propulsion system. Extending previous approach by the authors, a 3-D panel method is appl ied to model the unsteady lifting flow around the system. Free-wake analysis is incorporated to acc unt for the effects of non-linear wing wake dynamics, at high translation velocities and amplit udes of the oscillatory motion.


The slow gas-phase oxidation of ethylal was investigated at low temperatures (160–190°C) by the static method. The main products were carbon oxides, water, acetaldehyde, acetic acid, ethanol and ethyl formate with some methanol, formaldehyde, formic acid, n-butane, ethylene and peroxides. Three different ethylal samples labelled with C-14 in each one of its three different positions, respectively, have been synthesized; their oxidation has been studied and the reaction products analysed by radiochromatography. A mechanism is suggested where the branching intermediates are hydroperoxides derived from ethylal.


Strong customer relationships are important to a company 's profitability and when the demand for individual experiences increase it requires companies to develop and differentiate themselves through Unique Selling Proposition . Growing body of research suggests that the use of the five senses in the business and marketing can be the key to differentiation. It has become more important to provide consumers with an individual and tailor-made experience in which the senses have become increasingly important.The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the utilization of sensory experience in marketing where we have conducted a case study on SPA hotel Yasuragi. We also divide the consumer group into two parts, the business guests and private guests, to compare the experience and the outcome of marketing. To answer this purpose, we have conducted a survey, a participant observation at Yasuragi and four in-depth interviews and a mail interview. The theoretical framework, empirical data and analysis is divided into three parts based on the concepts of Sensory Marketing, Experiences and Consumption.The study has shown that Yasuragi has every opportunity to work with sensory marketing as the tourism product stimulates all five senses. Yasuragi would be able to work more consciously with this form of marketing as it now occurs less planned. As it stands right now, there is not much differentiation in marketing to business guests and private guests. To succeed in sensory marketing focus must be on to convey the feeling and experience of a product / service instead of the actual physical product. Yasuragi must convey their sensory experience already in marketing where they can provide a taste of the experience.Touching as many senses as possible in an individual increases its interest and involvement of a product / service which also affects consumer behaviour. Through our own designed model, one can see that a company's Unique Selling Proposition should be as accessible as possible to the five senses to create a total sensory experience. Sensory experience should then be marketed to the individual who most likely will purchase. Sensory Marketing can also contribute to a stronger relationship between customer and company, as well as to a more profitable business.


Lightning shielding failure trip is lightning strikes conductor directly and cause trip by hits insultor string or air insulator.In recent years,many methods are applied to prevent lightning such as reducing grounding resistance,installing grounding conductor and using line insulator.However,lightning shielding failure is increasing especially in JG and ZGUT tower.Through analysis,improvement shceme such as installing TH lighntning rod and V type insulator string.


The insulation characteristic of high voltage circuit breaker in cold regions is the basis for the design of high voltage circuit breaker. In this paper, several gas of physical and insulated properties can be used in cold region circuit breaker are compares, CF4 gas was fed to use gas for cold region circuit breaker is obtained. Breakdown experiment of CF4 under typical electrodes was investigated, and the insulation performance of CF4 under short gap is obtained. The necessary basic data of CF4 mixed gas circuit breaker insulation and interruption performance research for cold region are provided.


Was analyzed the situation that has developed in Ukraine on the treatment of waste tires. The study was conducted through a systematic review of open sources, such as laws and web sources of scientific literature of various formats and disciplines of publication, and their analysis. The analysis showed that the total number of registered vehicles in Ukraine increases every year, and, accordingly, the amount of waste increases. Also was reviewed the legislative and regulatory framework for the treatment of waste vehicles. However, today there remain unresolved problems of waste management vehicles in Ukraine at the legislative level. Improving the collection, processing and disposal of certain types of waste as secondary raw materials will qualitatively improve the conditions for implementing the main goal of Ukrainian waste legislation - minimizing them to prevent losses of material and energy resources and negative impacts on the environment and human health while improving the competitiveness of domestic industries and services encourage waste producers and local authorities to consistently implement the innovations needed for this Onno-investment activities.


The motifs, techniques and stylistic features of Upper Palaeolithic art offer enormous potential for the investigation of social and cultural interactions in south-western France and northern Spain during the later stages of the last ice age. The key regions of Aquitaine, Cantabria and the Pyrenees clearly share an overall family resemblance, but detailed analysis of horse heads on portable objects of bone, antler and stone from Magdalenian contexts reveal that particular features can be attributed to different regions at different periods. Furthermore, the patterns of interconnection are structured very differently in the Upper Magdalenian than in the Middle Magdalenian, perhaps as rising temperatures in the latter period led to territorial expansion and social realignment.


COMCAD, the Center on Migration, Citizenship and Development, is a research institute within the working area of transnationalisation and development of the sociological department at Bielefeld University. It has been participating in field studies for the Environmental Change and Forced Migration Scenarios (EACHFOR) programme, promoted by the 6FP of the EU. COMCAD hosts a research conference series on Environmental Change, Migration and Conflict, a collaboration between the University and the European Science Foundation. Dr. Jeanette Schade is the acting vice chair of the COST Action on Climate Change and Migration.


disadvantages include difficult anatomic landmark identification in obese, inability to identify insertion depth, intravascular (5-9%)/intrathecal injection and learning curve in novices.[3,4] The authors have devised an imaging guidance protocol that embrace the advantages of both imaging modalities, counterbalances each other's disadvantages and have termed it as "ultrafluoro guided caudal injection." The imaging protocol involves using USG as the primary imaging modality with fluoroscopic confirmation of correct needle tip position and dye spread. 1. Placing the patient in prone position with a pillow underneath. 2. Sterile cleaning and draping including placing 5-12 MHz linear transducer probe in sterile sheath with application of sterile jelly. 3. Scanning sacrococcygeal region in longitudinal and horizontal axis for identification of sacrococcygeal membrane and sacral cornu. 4. Employing longitudinal section with in-plane technique for needle insertion and passage through sacrococcygeal membrane into epidural space. 5. Taking an anterio-posterior fluoroscopic view and confirming final tip position below S3. 6. Omnipaque dye injection under fluoroscopic control and noting epidural spread, its pattern and extent. 7. Injection of 0.5% lignocaine with 40-80 mg methylprednisolone after obtaining epidurogram.


I decided to interview Dr. Ilene Serlin because of her talents as a dance therapist. Dance therapy is a highly expressive body-focussed adjunct to psychotherapy. Yet as a psychotherapeutic discipline in its own right, dance therapy aims at the awakening and cultivation of a keen appreciation of the ways in which the client moves. Dance therapists, as a group, assume that people are only partially aware of themselves and then only as they concentrate and talk. The intention of dance therapy is to further advance an a\ryareness of body moods. It employs and recognizes sad dances, happy dances, sensual dances and dances that signal others to keep a safe distance. Dance therapy concentrates on appreciating, and, where appropriate, changing sensory and emotional patternings. The discipline focuses on the interaction of bodies, the body's relationship to the environment, and the cultivation of emotional insight while the body is at rest or in deliberate or spontaneous motion.


The questions of the characterization of the best approximant in spaces of multivariable functions with mixed integral metric with weight were considered in this article. The general form of a bounded linear functional and the criterion of the best approximant in these spaces are obtained.


research paper represents the theoretical and experimental study of intra organelle nano poration of multi layer osteoblast cell .It is observed that the Pico pulse has the remarkable response for nano pores generation on the intra organelle and chemicals are entered into the cell. The reported study encourage that the efficiency of nanoporation can be control by the specification of micro chip. It is also exposed that the key parameter of nanoporation such as intra organelle voltage, pore radius, pore density, pressure, surface tension and ion uptake are externally controlled by user defined hybrid 3D micro chip.


: Our research work is to develop a reconfigurable hardware to provide an optimized self-healing ability for sensor nodes using FPGA. Wireless sensor network plays a very important role of successful applications in the engineering area. When a node has s fault, it is commonly discarded and network is reorganized to ensure the normal operation of WSN. Sometimes the maintenance cost and function of the network will be decreased. So we proposed FPGA based self healing to develop the wireless sensor node and repair the node hardware failures. By implementing the method of self reconfiguration and developing system using "backup module". In this work we consider the encoding process to aggregate the data and FPGA based self-healing contains power killing components such as data compressor and signal transducer. In our proposed method we estimate the light weight compression and fault prediction technique in real time. When faults are predicted, our system is reconfigured to the backup module until the self-healing operation is completed in real time. The proposed work is compared with FPAA based self-healing and redundancy based self-healing method and analyzes the network lifetime and robustness of WSNs can be increased. Our method is to reduce the maintenance cost and researchers are used for various applications (e.g. health, military, home and engineering) areas.


To establish the method of determining the content of total naphthoquinones in Arnebia euchroma(Royle)Johnst by ultraviolet spectrophotometry,we use chloroform as solvent to determine the absorbency in 516nm and calculate the content of total naphthaoquinones in Arnebia euchroma(Royle)Johnst.The results show the concentration of shikonin in range of 5~25mg/L.It appears fine linearity relation with absorbency,and the regression equation is A=25.282C+0.0061,r=(0.9999.)The average recovery of adding sample is 101.0%;RSD is 0.88%.The total content in Arnebia euchroma(Royle)Johnst was measured 3.94%.The method is sensitive and accurate and can be used to determine the content of total naphthoquinones in Arnebia euchroma(Royle)Johnst.


A corroborative case of traumatic complete transection of the right upper lobe and intermediate bronchi is reported.As in the previously reported case, the lung fell away from the mediastinum toward the most dependent portion of the thorax. In the upright roentgenogram, the superior margin of the collapsed right lung lay below the level of the transected bronchi. In an uncomplicated pneumothorax, the superior border of the collapsed lung must remain above the level of the main-stem bronchus.The previously reported findings in traumatic transection of a main bronchus are all indirect. The "falling lung" sign gives direct evidence for traumatic transection of the bronchus.


W elcome to the second oftwo special issues ofMedia Asia on the theme of "Media, Democracy and Governance: Emerging Paradigms in a Digital Age': As with Part I, this issue draws on some of the best papers presented at AMIC's 18th Annual Conference, held in New Delhi, 13-16 July 2009. Opening the issue, John Lent's paper is written on the premise that comic art has played key roles globally over time in promoting democracy, exposing failures of governance, defending freedom of expression, raising awareness, and empoweringpeople. In his paper he looks at cartoons and democratisation through the prisms of resistance, revolution and reconciliation. Robin Mansell's paper, on "Power, Media Culture and New Media': questions the norm of digital information and new media content being developed, marketed and circulated through global networks to stimulate economic growth. Mansell's proposition is that there is a need for greater consideration to be given to enabling the new digital techniques of socio-cultural production to be used for the benefit of all, rather than the current minority able to benefit from them. Andrew Taussig's paper on "New Media and National Identity" considers how the profiles ofTVaudiences have changed due to migration patterns and new information platforms. He goes on to propose a starting point from which public service broadcasters might prioritise their response to these changes. Vincent Mosco's paper addresses five current trends he has discerned in the political economy ofcommunication: the globalisation of political economy research; a new turn in historical research; a shift to alternative standpoints, especially feminism and labour; a transition to anemphasis on new media; and expansion in political activism. I<. Icabilan's paper on citizen's journalism and democracy presents an ongoing experiment by Malaysia's influential online publication, Malaysiakini, in training a group of non-journalists to produce news on what affects them. The success of the project prompted Malaysiakini to incorporate new features in its website to promote content produced by its citizen journalists. Gaetan Tremblay's paper draws on research he is undertaking with colleagues into the role of universities in local development, organised around the headings of communication and democracy; communication for eco-development; and technology and democracy. He concludes that the critique approach no longer has the status it did in the 60s and 70s; in information and communication circles, it has been replaced by the promotion of creativity. But Tremblay stresses the point that practitioners of the critique approach are defined by their belief in social, economic and political change in trying to resolve the contradictions of their time. Using the Philippines as a case study, Rachel E. I<han explores the role of the media in preserving democracy and fostering good governance through its efforts in exposing corruption and contributing to greater transparency. Suruchi ~ a z u m d a r ' s study examines changes in ownership patterns in the Hindi film industry-in particular the increasing investment by Hollywood studios-in order to gauge the impact of foreign capital on the business. Closing the issue, the paper by Jain, Roy, Sudha and Daswani presents research on celebrity endorsement in Indian advertising. Compared with a 25-35 per cent use of celebrities in adverts in the West, the Indian industry sees a percentage use of celebrities at 60 per cent. To shed light on this phenomenon, the authors sought to examine the Indian perspective through in-depth interviews with chief executives of 24 of the top advertising agencies in the country.


High-modulus and high-tenacity polypropylene fibres were prepared by drawing as-spun filaments on a heater with a temperature gradient. The results on two different MFI PP show that the fibre properties are significantly affected by the temperature profiles at the final stage of drawing on a gradient heater. High crystal perfection and crystallinity at very high draw ratios have been obtained for the gradient drawn fibres. The gradient drawn filaments showed superior mechanical properties when compared to filaments drawn over a constant temperature heater. Fibres with an initial modulus of 16.4 GPa and tenacity of 875 MPa were obtained in the process. The molecular weight of the parent material significantly influenced the mechanical properties of the material. High molecular-weight (low MFI – Melt Flow Index) materials are characterised by comparatively lower modulus but higher tenacity values. High draw ratios were possible for the higher MFI samples, leading to more orientation and modulus.


This paper considers the context, the details and some of the criticisms levied against the well-known numerical example of comparative advantage that David Ricardo set out in chapter 7 of his PRINCIPLES. Particular attention is paid to the distribution of the gains from trade, to the relative importance of static and dynamic factors and to the political dimensions of trade theory. The paper concludes by relating Ricardo's trade theory to current controversies over globalization, unequal exchange, Third World poverty and the existence of different varieties of capitalism.


The aim of this paper is to re-examine the question of why economic integration between the two Koreas has remained so limited through moving beyond a focus on strategic-military tensions to examine the influence that South Korea's domestic political culture plays. The paper adopts an historical sociological approach that traces the process of class formation in post-liberation South Korea and examines how the legacies of state formation and US intervention shape current contestations surrounding Seoul's policy towards North Korea. The paper argues that anti-communism, inter-Korean tensions, and the broader context of the Cold War initially contributed towards South Korea's national development. However, formal democratisation and the changing relationship with the US meant that such tensions became increasingly inimical to continued economic growth. The Sunshine Policy, despite its flaws, was shaped in part by the increased pressures on the profitability of South Korean capital and the need for new sources of cheap labour and opportunities for new investment. Since 2007, however, there has been a strong resurgence of anti-communist rhetoric and a growing distance between the conservatives' hard line policies towards the North and the demands made by business for engagement.


Totally contaminated soils is known as problematic soils. Also cohesive soil with low strength is not suitable for geotechnical structures. One of the soil improvement techniques is adding an additive to soil. Given the widespread use of nanoparticles in various fields, using these materials in order to improve geotechnical properties of these soils can be a new approach. In this experimental study, the effect of adding nanoclay and curing period on strength characteristic of kerosene contaminated soil and non contaminated cohesive soil was investigated. Hence unconfined compressive strength test carried out on these two types of soil samples with different proportions of nanoclay and different curing times. The unconfined compressive strength increases significantly by adding low percent of nanoclay. For example the strength of contaminated sample was increased 297% that contained 2% nanoclay and with 28 days curing time.


According to the influencing factors in the treatment of domestic waste water by cyclic activated sludge system(CASS),the single factor analysis method is used to demonstrate the effects of circulation period,aeration rate and drainage ratio on the removal rate of COD and ammonia nitrogen.The results show that the circulation period of 6 h,aeration rate of 0.25 m3/L and drainage ratio of 1/3 are the best operation conditions for CASS pool,and the effluent COD and the density of ammonia nitrogen both meet the requirements of miscellaneous urban water quality standards.


Since India and Pakistan went nuclear in May 1998 at least three myths related to regional dynamics and deterrence have been challenged in South Asia. First is the belief that going overtly nuclear automatically ensures the cessation of all conflict – conventional and nuclear – and leads to the creation of strategic stability between two adversaries. Following the Kargil crisis of 1999 and the eyeball-to-eyeball confrontation in early 2002, which came in the wake of the attack on the Indian Parliament on 13 December 2001 by terrorist groups reportedly operating from Pakistan, this belief has been shaken. In fact, Kargil showed that an overt dyad nuclear relationship is not inherently stable but can lead to situations where it may actually provoke one side (or both sides) to take steps to undermine the stability. Second, the belief that a conflict can be maintained at the conventional level without going nuclear has also been brought into question. Although India's Defence Minister George Fernandes in a speech in January 2000 promoted the concept of 'limited war' and reaffirmed the need for adequate conventional military capability so as to 'ensure that conventional war . . . is kept below the nuclear threshold', this concept has not been accepted by Pakistan. At a press conference on 1 June 2002, Pakistan's Ambassador to the United Nations, Munir Akram cautioned that Pakistan could resort to the use of nuclear weapons even in a conventional conflict if Pakistan considers the losses to be unacceptable. Indeed, given the linkage in South Asia between missiles and nuclear weapons, there is a distinct possibility that even the use of conventionally armed missiles in a non-nuclear confrontation might prompt a nuclear exchange. Third, overt nuclearization in South Asia has challenged the perception that in the post Cold War world borders – however tenuous or contested – can be altered by force. In fact the experience of the 1999 Kargil crisis and 2002 stand off has proved that in this post-Cold War period the Line of Control (LoC) between India and Pakistan has gained the sanctity that the Iron Curtain had in Cold War Europe. The sanctity of this line is partly guaranteed by the presence of nuclear weapons and partly by


The human muscular system presents a set of structures acting in association and interacting between itself, reflecting clinically in the stomatognathic


In the 20th century the Kuban gradually underwent a process of Russification: the Kuban Ukrainians started separating themselves from the rest of Ukrainians. The same process occurred in the Cossack villages on the Black Sea Coast; their residents also defined their ethnicity as in-between Russian and Ukrainian. The Kuban dialect has become an integral part of the Russian language, while retaining some elements of the Ukrainian language. During the All-Union Census of 1939, vast majority of the indigenous inhabitants of the Kuban claimed to be Russians.


The first three-dimensional numerical device simulation of the novel in-plane-gated field-effect transistor with a quasi-one-dimensional electron channel is reported. Information about the electrical characteristics is obtained by a calculation of the output and the transfer behavior of the device on the basis of a classical drift-diffusion model. The quasi-one-dimensional current path is defined laterally by two thin insulating lines on a pseudomorphic, modulation-doped AlGaAs/InGaAs/GaAs heterostructure with a high-density two-dimensional electron gas. Gate leakage currents and a parasitic bypass current flow can be avoided by deep isolation lines and a modified cap layer sequence, respectively. High transconductance values are expected only for highly p-doped isolation regions. Room temperature operation of a single channel device is demonstrated with a measured transconductance of 18 µ S and a maximum current of above 0.11 mA.


Nitric oxide (NO) is a powerful angiogenic mediator acting downstream of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Both the endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and the VEGFR-2 receptor colocalize in caveolae. Because the structural protein of these signaling platforms, caveolin, also represses eNOS activity, changes in its abundance are likely to influence the angiogenic process in various ways. In this study, we used mice deficient for the caveolin-1 gene (Cav−/−) to examine the impact of caveolae suppression in a model of adaptive angiogenesis obtained after femoral artery resection. Evaluation of the ischemic tissue perfusion and histochemical analyses revealed that contrary to Cav+/+ mice, Cav−/− mice failed to recover a functional vasculature and actually lost part of the ligated limbs, thereby recapitulating the effects of the NOS inhibitor l-NAME administered to operated Cav+/+ mice. We also isolated endothelial cells (ECs) from Cav−/− aorta and showed that on VEGF stimulation, NO production and endoth...


Indoor strength and durability test are conducted to study on influence law of airentraining water-reducing agent and flyash to cement concrete durability. Test results show that the mixture of the two agents can obviously improve the durability of common pavement concrete, make the inner structure more dense and continuous, being the key reason for significantly improve pavement concrete durability.


We previously reported theisolation and characterization ofabroad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide fromthebovine tracheal mucosa, whichwecafled tracheal antimicrobial peptide (TAP). We nowshowtheTAPgeneis expressed throughout theadult conducting airway, fromnasal tobronchiolar tissue, butnotintissues other thanairway mucosa, asdetermined byNorthern blotanalysis. Insitu hybridization ofairway sections localizes TAPmRNA toco- lumnar cells ofthepseudostratifled epithelium. Wereport the structural organization oftheTAPgeneandshowthat TAPis amemberofalarge family ofrelated sequences withhigh nucleotide identity inthe5'exon.Thedatasupport the hypothesis that antimicrobial peptides contribute tohost de- fense oftherespiratory tract.


Feature-resolved multiphase simulation and theory explore drag-reducing ingredients of superhydrophobic surfaces. A nonmonotonic relation between interface contact angle and drag reduction is observed. An expression is derived for effective slip length that accounts for liquid penetration.


The primary message from a study evaluating long-term urothelial recurrence and disease-specific survival after radical nephroureterectomy for upper tract transitional cell carcinoma is that there remains a critical need for better methods to enable early diagnosis.


The article describes the biography and contribution to history of Doctor of History, Professor, Head of the Department of Modern History of Perm State National Research University P.Iu Rakhsmir.


In order to understand how diverse computations arise from neural assemblies, it will be important to integrate synaptic and circuit-level approaches. Ideally, we would like to examine both the in vivo tuning of specific neurons and the properties of synapses interconnecting them. Here we describe the properties of identified central synapses in an invertebrate brain circuit, and show how these distinctive properties can shape the in vivo computations performed by this circuit. The model circuit we use is the Drosophila antennal lobe, a brain region analogous to the vertebrate olfactory bulb. Olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) provide input to the antennal lobe and postsynaptic projection neurons (PNs) carry the output of this circuit [1, 2]. One virtue of this circuit is that specific types of ORNs and PNs as well as the synapses connecting them can be genetically labeled and identified for functional characterization.


logical process; this is admittedly pure hypothesis but is not without anal ogies in the history of Israel. The Appendices contain a certain amount of matter of general interest. After careful sifting of all the documents and traditions Cecchelli rejects the legend concerning the Holy House of Loreto; the rejection speaks elo quently for the objectivity of this devout Italian scholar. However, he rightly insists on the fact, which is too often forgotten, that to stop here is to leave unanswered the question of the concrete fact which lies behind the legend; such stories grow out of actual fact, which has become obscured or trans formed.


Pedagogic skills are not obtained instantly by prospective teachers if they only study learning theories. The facts in the microteaching class, although they have understood constructivism theory, they find it difficulty to initiate constructive learning instruction. Through Lesson Study practice, collaboration between teachers and prospective teachers in lesson planning is expected to raise a focus on important points in each stage of learning (pedagogic skills). The comments of prospective teachers are recorded, analysis of field notes, and also see phase with reflection are documented. Student prospective teachers self-assessment data on planning, observation, and reflection skills as supporting as quantitative data. The result is that prospective teachers reach the very good category in compiling a lesson plan, while the aspects of skills to observe and reflect on learning are in the medium and low categories. The implications of pedagogic learning through lesson study are discussed in this article. Kata Kunci :kolegialitas, lesson study,  mahasiswa calon guru, rencana pembelajaran.


Peripheral Nerve Injuries should be repaired with microsurgical technique,Operative indicatiom and chance should be properly controlled. Suturing peripheral nerve should not be under tension condition. Suturing methods can be selected according to the injurious level as either epineurial or perineurial methods .In case of defects between two stumps ,elongation of the nerve stumps or shortening the defect should be chosed Otherwise ,nerve grafting and nerve transposition should be chosed. In recent years, extension of nerve and end to sideanastomosis have been tried .


Cervical myelopathy due to ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine is reported in a 48-year-old Caucasian Jewish man. Clinical and roentgenologic changes are presented. The va


Citations are a crucial part of an academic dissertation, project or scientific work. The most time-consuming task for any scholar is to find suitable citations for any work. Thus, a convenient citation recommendation system provides completeness and fulfillment for citing the giants' works. Moreover, attaining high quality for any citation recommendation system is challenging as it should not only recommend relevant papers but also should match the context of the paper. An advanced algorithm SABED (Similarity Analysis using Binary Encoded Data) has been proposed that converts text metadata of the article like author name, doi of the paper, keywords, abstract and content of the paper into the binary format and is fired into the database. The binary formatted query fired fetches the accurate matches thereby increasing the accuracy of search probability and similarity analysis. This similarity analysis can be further used to provide recommendations to the users. The proposed system concentrates on the similarity of the content and hence the context of the papers is not taken into consideration.


The Fuego Nuevo II (FN‐II) dense plasma focus device is a small machine (4.6 kJ), operating at the Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, in which neutrons, as well as soft and hard X rays have been studied with a number of diagnostics. Neutrons are studied with silver activation counters, and scintillator‐photomultiplier detectors, while their angular distribution inside and outside the discharge chamber have been studied with CR‐39 plastic track detectors. The soft X rays are studied with a multiple‐pin‐hole camera and PIN diodes, while the hard X‐rays are observed with the scintillator‐photomultiplier detectors mentioned above. When a needle is inserted on the inner electrode, a bright spot of hard x‐rays can be concentrated, and used for the production of high‐contrast radiography. Dosimetric measurements have been made for X‐rays crossing a 300 micron aluminum window, through the axis of the machine, showing an average dose of 0.11±0.01 mGy per shot. In contrast, the average dose with a hollow cathod...


The biological invasion has become a matter of concern to the whole world along with the development of globalized economy and the increasing international flows of goods and people.The studies on terrestrial biological invasion into China have gradually been carried out,but less attention has been drawn to the marine biological invasion into China,most of studies in this field were based on general data analysis without sufficient field investigation and experiment data,and there is a lack of basic data for estimating the hazards and proposing the prevention and control measures of marine biologic invasion.In this paper,the present situation,hazards and prevention and control mea-sures of marine invasive alien species into China are summarized,which will provide technical support for studying the prevention and control of marine alien biological invasion into China.


And since this discoursing has lost the primary relation of being [Sein] to the being [Seienden] talked about, or else never achieved it, it does not communicate in the mode of a primordial appropriation of this being, but communicates by gossiping and passing the word along. What is spoken about as such spreads in wider circles and takes on an authoritative character. Things are so because one says so. Idle talk is constituted in this gossiping and passing the word along, a process by which its initial lack of grounds to stand on increases to complete groundlessness. (1949: 168)1


In this article we consider the spaces Hd,g(X) parametrizing smooth curves of degree d and genus g on a smooth cubic threefold X ⊂ P4. For 1 ≤ d ≤ 5, we show that each variety Hd,g(X) is irreducible of dimension 2d.


constituents of the European Standard Series, fragrance materials and sunscreens in keeping with the diagnosis of PD/AR. All patients have required or are presently being considered for oral immunosuppressive therapy due to poor control of symptoms/signs despite antigen and sunlight avoidance, use of broad spectrum sunscreens and UV protective windovi/glass film. These 4 young atopic eczema patients form an important if rare subgroup of the PD/AR syndrome. We recommend phototesting for atopic eczema patients who have photoaggravation features.


Polycythemia vera is a clonal disorder arising in a multipotent hematopoietic progenitor cell that causes the accumulation of morphologically normal red cells, white cells, platelets, and their progenitors in the absence of a definable stimulus and to the exclusion of nonclonal hematopoiesis.[1][1


Review: synthesis, self assembly and applications as vehicles for drug delivery, material science and nanotechnology, and separation science; 50 refs.


Solar-powered desalination is an effective means to address the global freshwater shortage and combat water pollution. However, the light absorption capacity, thermal insulation performance, and water transmission efficiency of most current solar evaporators cannot be effectively combined, resulting in a relatively low utilization rate of solar energy. In this study, a double-layer solar evaporator was reported by using starch as the biological hydrogel matrix and carbon nanotubes as an efficient light-absorbing material, which greatly improved the solar energy utilization rate of the evaporator and the steam generation efficiency was as high as 2.21 kgm−2h−1 under 1.0 sun.


An experiment was conducted to study the maximum flow resistance of step pool streams and the morphology of the steps formed from clastic materials. The step pool formation was qualitatively simulated to analyze numerically the formation process. A flume 4.88 mm long and .15 m wide was used and flow velocity measurements were done by electronically timing passage of salt plume down the flume. Observations showed that the natural step pool streams arranged the morphology to maximize flow resistance.


AIM
To evaluate the associations of soluble ST2 (sST2) and galectin-3 with death relative to renal function in patients with heart failure (HF).

METHODS
Eleven-hundred-and-sixty-one patients hospitalized for HF with 1-year follow up were enrolled for biomarkers analysis.

RESULTS
Patients were divided into two groups based on eGFR of either > or ≤60 ml/min/1.73 m(2). sST2 was independently associated with death in both categories of renal function, while galectin-3 lost this significance after addition of NT-proBNP to the model of patients with eGFR ≤60 ml/min/1.73 m(2).

CONCLUSION
In patients with HF, sST2 improved prediction for death beyond risk factors without being influenced by renal function, however, the prognostic value of galectin-3 is less clear below an eGFR of 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2).


Micro-blog has become the most popular information sharing tool in our daily life. The retweet behavior is a main method of information propagation in micro-blog. So there tweet number prediction not only is an interesting research topic, but also has much practical significance. However, most of current researches only regard this problem as a classification or regression problem, and they did not consider the retweet propagation process. In this paper, considering the retweet propagation process, we propose a retweet number prediction model BCI. In our model, we think retweet messages are from two parts, direct followers and indirect followers. Moreover, the retweet number of followers is decided by their retweet intention and influence. We use behavior and content information to estimate retweet intention for a direct follower and use the influence to estimate the indirect followers' retweet number. Experimental results on Sina Weibo dataset show that our retweet number prediction model has much better performance than other well-established methods.


The Fourier transform of the density of quantized energy levels for a quantum mechanical particle in a two-dimensional (2-D) infinite well (or billiard geometry) is known to exhibit δ-function-like spikes at distance values (L) corresponding to the lengths of periodic orbits or closed trajectories. We show how these Fourier transforms can be rather easily calculated numerically for simple infinite well geometries including the square and rectangular well in 2 D, the cubical well in three dimensions, as well as the circular infinite well (and variations) in two dimensions. Such calculations provide a novel, well-motivated, and relatively straightforward example of numerical Fourier transform techniques and make interesting connections between quantum energy levels and classical trajectories in a way which is seldom stressed in the undergraduate curriculum.


Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common drug-refractory focal epilepsy in adults. Previous research has shown that patients with TLE exhibit decreased performance in listening to speech sounds and deficits in the cortical processing of auditory information. Whether TLE compromises auditory-motor integration for voice control, however, remains largely unknown. To address this question, event-related potentials (ERPs) and vocal responses to vocal pitch errors (1/2 or 2 semitones upward) heard in auditory feedback were compared across 28 patients with TLE and 28 healthy controls. Patients with TLE produced significantly larger vocal responses but smaller P2 responses than healthy controls. Moreover, patients with TLE exhibited a positive correlation between vocal response magnitude and baseline voice variability and a negative correlation between P2 amplitude and disease duration. Graphical network analyses revealed a disrupted neuronal network for patients with TLE with a significant increase of clustering coefficients and path lengths as compared to healthy controls. These findings provide strong evidence that TLE is associated with an atypical integration of the auditory and motor systems for vocal pitch regulation, and that the functional networks that support the auditory-motor processing of pitch feedback errors differ between patients with TLE and healthy controls. Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common type of drug-refractory focal epilepsy, and is characterized by sclerosis in the mesial temporal regions 1 . Considerable evidence has shown that structural abnormalities in TLE, measured by volumetry, voxel-based morphometry, and cortical thickness, extend to fronto-central and parietal regions 2–4 . For example, TLE is associated with a significant reduction in the volume of the thalamus, cerebral hemispheres, and cerebellum 3 . Therefore, TLE is generally thought to be a system disorder because the wide-spread nature of structural disruptions in functional connectivity decreased functional connectivity in an epileptogenic network within the temporal concomitant contralateral increased connectivity. TLE significantly increased connectivity within the medial temporal significantly decreased connectivity within the and parietal and parietal analyses that patients with TLE exhibit topological alterations in the functional networks toward a progressively more random network 5,6 or a more regularized network 11,12 as compared to healthy controls. Moreover, longer durations of TLE are associated with lower functional connectivity and more random neural network configurations 5,6,10 , suggesting a progressive reorganization of large-scale interregional functional networks in TLE. extensive nature of these changes in the structural and functional brain networks has a negative impact the functions of patients with TLE, as problems with perceptual achievement, language, and visuospatial function 13 . In the auditory domain, patients with TLE exhibit decreased performance in temporal ordering and dichotic listening tasks when listening to both verbal and nonverbal sounds 14 , deficits in processing rapid sequential auditory information 15 , and increased amplitudes and/or latencies of mismatch negativity (MMN) in response to deviant tones 16–18 . Moreover, across a number of auditory tasks, patients with TLE have been found to exhibit a significant positive correlation between the latencies of auditory cortical responses and the duration of the disease 19,20 . These studies are suggestive of impaired central auditory processing in patients with TLE. Whether those behaviors that require the involvement of auditory func- tion, such as speech motor control, are compromised by TLE, however, is largely unknown. of AEDs on the neurobehavioral responses to FAF in the present study are likely minimal. Larger-scale studies, however, are still needed to determine the effects of AEDs on the auditory-motor integration in voice control. The present study examined whether patients with TLE had atypical auditory-integration for voice control. The results revealed that, as compared to healthy controls, patients with TLE produced significantly larger vocal responses and smaller cortical responses to FAF during vocal pitch regulation and exhibited a significant negative correlation between P2 responses and epilepsy duration. Moreover, patients with TLE had increased clustering coefficients and absolute path lengths, indicating for the first time that the brain networks in patients with TLE are less small-world like than the brain networks of healthy controls. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that patients with TLE differ significantly from healthy populations in their auditory-motor integration for voice control.


Although automotive human factors research began after the World War II, vehicular technology has developed to adapt the vehicle to the human operator and the requirements of traffic since its inception, with the initial focus being on ease of operation of the steering wheel and brake pedal and methods to provide adequate road illumination at night. For many decades, human factors research mainly concerned making the primary driving tasks (controlling a vehicle and obeying signs and signals) easy to do, providing adequate space for the driver and passengers, mitigating crash injuries, and making secondary controls and displays inside the vehicle easy to use. With the introduction of advanced driver assistance systems and driver information systems in 1980s, there have been a marked increase in the number of studies of driver mental workload as well as more general, quantitative studies of driver behavior, both on real roads and in driving simulators to help design and evaluate those systems. That line of human factors research will continue as vehicle automation and driver information increases. Another line of research concerns driver distraction, with a special concern being the use of mobile devices such as cellular phones. The implementation of driver assistance and information systems has resulted in a shift in automotive human factors research. METHODS for the automotive human factors research have been mostly transferred from psychology and cognitive science, physiology, statistics, and various engineering disciplines. But, as vehicular technology continues to evolve, new methods and theories are needed to address those issues and the human aspects of the vehicular technology so vehicles will be safe, easy to use, and useful. Keywords: Driver distraction; Language: en


Particular conducts may be observed in the daily life of children and adolescents: asphyxiation "games," aggression "games" and death "games." I propose some ideas about the processes at working the light of my regular experience with young people involved in these kinds of conducts. In the first part I will present these "games" and the way they are frequently confused with other kinds of activity. I will then describe the effect on thought processes and the object relation they imply.


Hair cells of the vertebrate vestibular and auditory systems convert mechanical inputs into electrical signals that are relayed to the brain. This transduction involves mechanically gated ion channels that open following the deflection of mechanoreceptive hair bundles that reside on top of these cells. The mechano-electrical transduction includes one or more active feedback mechanisms to keep the mechanically gated ion channels in their most sensitive operating range. Coupling between the gating of the mechanosensitive ion channels and this adaptation mechanism leads to the occurrence of spontaneous limit-cycle oscillations, which indeed have been observed in vitro in hair cells from the frog sacculus and the turtle basilar papilla. We obtained simultaneous optical and electrophysiological recordings from bullfrog saccular hair cells with such spontaneously oscillating hair bundles. The spontaneous bundle oscillations allowed us to characterize several properties of mechano-electrical transduction without artificial loading the hair bundle with a mechanical stimulus probe. We show that the membrane potential of the hair cell can modulate or fully suppress innate oscillations, thus controlling the dynamic state of the bundle. We further demonstrate that this control is exerted by affecting the internal calcium concentration, which sets the resting open probability of the mechanosensitive channels. The auditory and vestibular systems could use the membrane potential of hair cells, possibly controlled via efferent innervation, to tune the dynamic states of the cells. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The sensation of sound and balance starts by converting minute mechanical motions into electrical signals. This is accomplished by sensory hair cells, in which the opening and closing of mechanosensitive channels follows the motion of their hair bundles. These hair bundles can exhibit motility without an external drive. Underlying these spontaneous bundle oscillations are two coupled feedback mechanisms that improve the cell's response when mechanically stimulated. Here, we present synchronized optical and electrical recordings from cells with spontaneously oscillating bundles and show that the membrane potential may be a control parameter, tuning the cell's feedback processes. This control comes from modulation of the channel's open probability, which is affected by the concentration of calcium inside the cell.


Recently I returned from RCN congress in Bournemouth and I have sympathy for my NHS colleagues who frequently have to care for patients during periods of staff shortages.


September 2020 695 © 2020 American Heart Association, Inc. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) can be valid, reliable, and sensitive measures of patients' symptoms, function, and quality of life.1 Although commonly used in clinical trials, and even as a performance measure of healthcare quality, use of PROs in routine cardiovascular care is rare, despite recommendations for their use.1,2 A prior study conducted among heart failure (HF) providers beginning to use PROs in routine care revealed a need for the measures to be interpretable, both to providers and patients.3 Patients' perspectives on PRO collection, however, have not been well studied. We therefore conducted qualitative interviews along with a complementary quantitative survey, among patients with HF completing PROs as part of routine clinical care.


We use stable carbon isotopes (δC) in fossil eggshell carbonate laid by the extinct Genyornis newtoni and the extant Dromaius novaehollandiae (emu) from Lake Eyre, South Australia, to better understand the paleoecology and dietary preferences of both birds. Between 50 and 65 ka, Genyornis was primarily a C3 feeder, and relied heavily on the presence of C3 trees and shrubs, whereas Dromaius had a much broader dietary range including a significant component of C4 grasses. We speculate that after 60 ka, a decrease in shrub and tree cover resulted from an increase in fire frequency brought about by the arrival of the first human immigrants, and contributed to the ultimate demise of Genyornis [3].


In Plant Pathology teaching books,the taxonomy of plant bacteria appears frequent variety.This paper summarized the bacteria taxonomical system in different teaching books,highlighted the plant bacteria taxonomical station and their representative species name in "Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology ",indicated the species of fastidious bacteria and diseases caused by them and put forward thinking on bacteria taxonomy in agricultural college teaching.


This study aims to describe Arabic-Online.net and to find out how it is used in the implementation of Arabic learning. Applying a qualitative approach, this research was of literature study. The main object is e-learning site i.e. Arabic-Online.net which can be accessed openly to learn Arabic. Further, this study found that Arabic-Online.net is an Arabic learning model provided to non-native speakers, which is offered by the Saudi Electronic University. Its teaching is based on the General European reference framework by using four language skills and the main components in Arabic. There are 16 levels in the stages ranging from beginner, elementary, intermediate, upper intermediate, advanced, to mastery which contain as many as 796 main interactive videos, 12.000 audio files, 6.320 images and 10.076 exercises. Each level consists of 6 modules (units), each of which includes 24 lessons. E-learning implementation using Arabic-Online.net is conducted in the form of blended learning.


ABSTRACT We report on the developed liquid crystal (LC) compositions with large optical anisotropy and low melting point on the basis of synthesised quaterphenyl and quinquiphenyl LC compounds containing lateral substituents. Optical and dielectric anisotropies of synthesised compounds were studied to select the most optimal compounds for high-frequency applications. As a result of the research, base matrices with a wide range of the nematic phase were developed and their mesomorphic and physicochemical properties were investigated. Based on the experimental data, the influence of various fragments of molecules on the magnitude of permittivity in the high-frequency region, as well as on the loss tangent of LCs was established. Graphical Abstract


Abstract Synthesis, properties and NMR spectra of members of the title class of compounds are reported. Stability, structure and chemical behaviour of P-fluoro-ylides are described and discussed.


Meyerhof (1917) found that the oxygen uptake of suspensions of the organism provided with ammonia agreed well with nitrite production in the suspensions. Bomecke (1939) established that the organisms had an oxygen uptake in the absence of ammonia; however, this endogenous respiration is very small and, although ofconsiderable biochemical significance, is quantitatively negligible in ordinary respirometric studies in the presence of appreciable quantities of ammonia. The respiration of Nitrosomonas suspensions thus offers a very simple means of studying the metabolism of the organism since there is only one normal substrate and one end product; nevertheless, the studies of Meyerhof (1917) and B6mecke (1939, 1951) represent the bulk of the work that has been published in this field. MATERIALS AND METHODS


At WHC, one of the functions of the Tank Waste Remediation System division is sampling waste tanks to characterize their contents. The push-mode core sampling truck is currently used to take samples of liquid and sludge. Sampling of tanks containing hard salt cake is to be performed with the rotary-mode core sampling system, consisting of the core sample truck, mobile exhauster unit, and ancillary subsystems. When drilling through the salt cake material, friction and heat can be generated in the drill bit. Based upon tank safety reviews, it has been determined that the drill bit temperature must not exceed 180 C, due to the potential reactivity of tank contents at this temperature. Consequently, a drill bit temperature limit of 150 C was established for operation of the core sample truck to have an adequate margin of safety. Unpredictable factors, such as localized heating, cause this buffer to be so great. The most desirable safeguard against exceeding this threshold is bit temperature monitoring . This document describes the recommended plan for testing the prototype of a drill bit temperature monitor developed for core sampling by Sandia National Labs. The device will be tested at their facilities. This test plan documents themore » tests that Westinghouse Hanford Company considers necessary for effective testing of the system.« less


In normal adults, the daily production rate of the two biologically active thyroid hormones, tetraiodothyronine (which is better known as thyroxine and has four iodine atoms) and triiodothyronine (which has three), is approximately 100 μg and 30 μg, respectively. All of the thyroxine, but only about 20 percent of the triiodothyronine, is produced by the thyroid gland; the remainder of the triiodothyronine is produced through the extrathyroidal deiodination of thyroxine. A minimum of approximately 70 μg of iodine is therefore needed to produce these two hormones in the thyroid gland each day. But more than that is required, because iodine . . .


Today, the maritime sector is an international, technological and multicultural industry. This step forward from the traditional organization of the maritime industry, more classically and single nation, to the present stage has made through a long process. First stage has been represented by the multicultural crew onboard ships, followed by the international management of ships and finally by the introduction of latest technology in daily activities. All these changes take time but the results overcome expectations, being materialized in an increased level of safety and secure in all activities. All these standards achieved are base on peoples as personnel onboard ships or in company offices all over the world. To keep the actual level of safety and secure is necessary to have inside of the company peoples trained accordingly with requirements. These persons are trained before to become part of the company, during their study years. To provide necessary trained person for activities in an economical sector must to have an adequate training system. Many peoples who act inside of the maritime industry are "products" of the maritime academic training system. In this way, to come closer to present requirements of maritime industry, the academic training system has to be partial change, revitalize and bring it from the past to the present time. We want to present in the present paper our opinions and points of view about how can be realize this alignment with the industry, what supposed, what is already made and most important, what must to be make for a successful accomplish with the present requirements in the maritime transport activities.