In this paper a smart real-time tracking and positioning for a solar cell or solar panel in order to maximize the solar energy recovered from the electromagnetic radiation from the Sun. The idea of the paper is to use a mathematical transform from the Cartesian coordinates to spherical coordinates, with the mechanical part implementation based on two changes (the azimuth change and angular change) using two actuators, made of precision stepper motors. The system will position and correct the positioning of the solar panel by reading in real-time the instantaneous current on a test load (different from the real charging circuit load), the current is digitized using the internal analog to digital convertor of a microcontroller and stored in a memory buffer. The position for the maximum solar electromagnetic radiation that can to reach the solar panel is determined by periodic scanning for the maximum generated current. In order to scan for the maximum current, the solar cell's orientation is changed for the horizontal angle and azimuth. The solar panel will be rotated in small increments a few degrees in both directions and the instantaneous current will be recorded along with the orientation. The rotations will be for the horizontal angle and azimuth (up and down). A two steps algorithm is used to determine each local maximum. The first step determines the average component using the analog to digital convertor with lower resolution. The second step involves a higher resolution search in the vicinity of the maximum from step one. The higher resolution current data will be stored in a memory buffer along with the corresponding horizontal position and azimuth. With the latest current data and the values stored in the memory buffer, the microcontroller will perform corrections to the position of the solar panel.


Spinal stenosis, as a clinical entity, has presented over the years under a variety of headings, some circumscribed and some generalized in definition. Although attempts have been made to derive a classification to include all forms of bony encroachment, this has not been accomplished with uniform acceptance by all those who treat these problems. The reader is referred to the literature for a review of this effort from the orthopedic and neurologic surgical viewpoint^.'.'^ By whatever name, recognition of the entities has not been precise, representing a collation of nonspecific clinical and radiologic findings, until the advent of axial radiology of the lumbar spine.'*4,5,8,1 I For the first time, it was possible to define radiologically the types of bony abnormalities and the number of levels of involvement, a task not easily accomplished by any combination of clinical or other diagnostic techniques. Prior to and even since the addition of axial radiology to the diagnostic armamentarium, the surgical response to management of bony encroachments has been quite varied. No single operation seemed to answer all the requirements for surgical correction of the pathologic entities to be seen. Perhaps this is the nature of the problem and the way it should be. However, after many years of


In the present study, membrane controlled transdermal therapeutic system of ethyl cellulose (EC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) containing an antipsychiatric drug, Risperidone, were developed by the method of casting on mercury surface. An attempt was made to enhance the skin permeation of drug using three terpenes, viz. cineole, d-limonene and citral (each at 10%, 15% and 20% w/w of polymer). The prepared formulations were subjected for evaluation of thickness, drug content uniformity, skin irritation, and invitro drug permeation through excised mouse skin. Among the three terpenes, cineole showed the maximum enhancement in drug permeation at 15% (w/w of polymer). The permeation enhancement characteristics of terpenes were in the order: cineole > d-limonene > citral. The formulations followed zero order kinetics.


Motivation: Adverse drug reactions are one of the major factors that affect the wellbeing of patients and financial costs of healthcare systems. Genetic variations of patients have been shown to be a key factor in the occurrence and severity of many ADRs. However, the large number of confounding drugs and genetic biomarkers for each adverse reaction case demands a method that evaluates all potential genetic causes of ADRs simultaneously. Results: To address this challenge, we propose HUME, a multi‐phase algorithm that recommends genetic factors for ADRs that are causally supported by the patient record data. HUME consists of the construction of a network from co‐prevalence between significant genetic biomarkers and ADRs, a link score phase for predicting candidate relations based on the Adamic‐Adar measure, and a causal refinement phase based on multiple hypothesis testing of quasi experimental designs for evaluating evidence and counter evidence of candidate relations in the patient records. Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.


The corrosion behavior and electrochemical characteristics of pure Zn and Zn-Al pseudo-alloy coatings in chlorine ion-containing environment were investigated by salt spray test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS).The surface morphologies and phase compositions of the coatings and the corrosion products were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD).A preliminary discussion was carried out on the corrosion mechanisms of the two kinds of the coatings.It is found that the corrosion product layer on the pure zinc coating sample is loose and porous with prolonging test time,the main corrosion products are Zn5(OH)8Cl2H2O,ZnO and Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6,and some areas in the corrosion product layer have cracked after salt spray testing for 768 h.A compact corrosion product layer forms on the zinc-aluminum pseudo-alloy coating with the time prolonging,and the main corrosion products consist of Zn5(OH)8Cl2H2O,Zn0.71Al0.29(OH)2(CO3)0.145·xH2O and ZnAl2O4.EIS results indicate that the charge transfer resistance of the two coatings increases during the corrosion process.The impedance of the zinc-aluminum pseudo-alloy coating is significantly greater than that of the pure zinc coating,showing a better corrosion resistance.


An influential strand of Jose Harris's research has emphasized the importance of idealist political thought to the rise and fall of the British welfare state. Harris argues that the mid-twentieth-century demise of political theory about social policy left the welfare state vulnerable because its defenders lacked a philosophical discourse with the depth of idealism. This chapter tests this argument by looking in more detail at a case study from the post-1945 discussion about the welfare state: the debate between the group of socialist social policy academics associated with Richard Titmuss and the neo-liberals at the Institute of Economic Affairs spearheaded by Arthur Seldon. The chapter demonstrates that while the defenders of the Beveridgean welfare state lacked theoretical firepower when confronted by a philosophical counterblast from the right, the major weakness of the left's social policy analysis was in fact a failure to contest the neo-liberal appropriation of economic theory.


As the nineteenth century drew to a close, the Russian government would soon be forced to define its attitude "toward the recently emerged movement named Zionism." The appearance of Zionist circles and groups, their mutual contacts, the international nature of the movement, and its ideological underpinnings, which were focused on the development of a national consciousness, caused serious concern in the corridors of power.


The reactions of [PtClR(cod)] with TlC 5 H 4 PPh 2 yield the novel dimeric complexes [Pt 2 R 2 (μ-η 5 -C 5 H 4 PPh 2 ) 2 ] (1a, R=Me; 1b, R=Ph). The structure of 1b has been determined by X-ray diffraction, and the molecule does not possess the expected center of symmetry. This lack of a symmetry element persists in solution at low temperatures for both compounds. Treatment of 1a with carbon monoxide yields the face-to-face dimer [Pt 2 Me 2 -(CO) 2 (μ-η 1 -C 5 H 4 PPh 2 ) 2 ] (2a), in which an η 5 to η 1 rearrangement of the cyclopentadienyl group has occurred. Reaction of 1a or 1b with CNBu t yields [PtR(CNBu t ) 2 -(Ph 2 PC 5 H 4 )], in which the C 5 H 4 unit is uncoordinated. The intermediate [Pt 2 Me 2 (CNBu t ) 2 (μ-η 1 -C 5 H 4 PPh 2 ) 2 ] has been characterized spectroscopically


While search objects in a road network,we have research a continuous KNN neighbor search,but severs often receive a lot of query requests.For raise the efficiency of query and reduce the price of query.The clustering algorithm is proposed.Pipeline strategy and departed the continuous query processing into three simultaneous stages:query processing,query executing and query results dispatching.Experimental analysis proves the algorithm is better than others.


We formulate and prove the Lorentzian version of the positive mass theorems with arbitrary negative cosmological constant for asymptotically AdS spacetimes. This work is the continuation of the second author's recent work on the positive mass theorem on asymptotically hyperbolic 3-manifolds.


SPARTA, Inc. has developed a low-cost, portable laser imager that, among other applications, can be used in bio/geophysical applications. In the application to be discussed here, the system was utilized as an imaging system for background features in a forested locale. The SPARTA mini-ladar system was used at the International Paper Northern Experimental Forest near Howland, Maine to assist in a project designed to study the thermal and radiometric phenomenology at forest edges. The imager was used to obtain data from three complex sites, a 'seed' orchard, a forest edge, and a building. The goal of the study was to demonstrate the usefulness of the laser imager as a tool to obtain geometric and internal structure data about complex 3-D objects in a natural background. The data from these images have been analyzed to obtain information about the distributions of the objects in a scene. A range detection algorithm has been used to identify individual objects in a laser image and an edge detection algorithm then applied to highlight the outlines of discrete objects. An example of an image processed in such a manner is shown. Described here are the results from the study. In addition, results are presented outlining how the laser imaging system could be used to obtain other important information about bio/geophysical systems, such as the distribution of woody material in forests.


Acer truncatum,Prunus davidiana,Gleditsia sinensis,Cotinus coggygria,Jasminum nudiflorum and Celastrus orbiculatus were selected on the campus of the Beijing Forestry University to compare the mainly leaf anatomical structure characters and analyze their ability in water loss controlling.The results showed that the mainly leaf anatomical structure characters in controlling water loss were different.By using fuzzy cluster analysis,the ability in controlling water loss of the six species in the thickness of cuticle,the thickness of upper and lower epidermis,ratio of palisade tissue to sponge tissue,and length of stoma were selected to comprehensively evaluation.The order of their drought resistance ability is:A.truncatumC.coggygriaP.davidianaG.sinensisC.orbiculatusJ.nudiflorum.


This study investigated the effect of organic loading rate (OLR) and sulfate loading rate (SLR) on landfill leachate treatment by a lab-scale anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR). Landfill leachate contained a concentration of organic matter between 3966 and 5090 mg COD.L-1 and no detectable amounts of sulfate. Reactors were started-up by feeding them with iron-sulfate at a SLR of 0.05 g SO42-.L-1.day-1 (4 weeks). Factorial design and response surface techniques were used to evaluate and optimize the effects of these operating variables on COD removal. ABRs were operated at OLRs ranging from 0.30 up to 6.84 g COD.L-1.day-1 by changes in influent volumetric flow. SO42- was added to the influent at a SRL from 0.06 to 0.13 g SO42-.L-1.day-1. The highest value of COD removal (66%) was reached at an OLR of 3.58 g COD.L-1.day-1 and SLR of 0.09 g SO4-2.L-1.day-1 with a COD/SO4-2 ratio of 40. Under these conditions sulfate is mainly used for molecular hydrogen consumption while organic matter is preferentially degraded via methanogesis.


The present invention discloses a substrate structure, and a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device package substrate structure. The substrate structure comprising a conductive structure, a first conductive structure comprises a metal layer, a second metal layer and a third metal layer. A second metal layer disposed on the first metal layer, a third metal layer disposed on the second metal layer. And a second metal layer opposite the third metal layer each having a first surface and a second surface, the first surface of the third metal layer connected to the second surface of the second metal layer, the third metal layer and the first a second area larger than the surface area of the surface of the second metal layer.


The article describes the analysis of results from field tests on ploughing units based on a modular draft device (MDD). This device is named MDD-100 and consists of an energy module and a technological module. The energy module is a universal tractor with a rated draft resistance of 16 kN. The technological module is an additional axle, equipped with an active wheel drive, a threepoint hitch linkage, and a saddle-type semi-trailer. During the working process, the draft resistance of the energy and the technological modules of the MDD-100 add up. As a result, the draft resistance of the latter may reach 26 kN, and more. This allows the MDD-100 to be classified as a draft device in traction class 3 and be used with agricultural machines with a large working width. The MDD-100 was tested with a five-bottom mounted plough with a working width of 1.75 m and a draft resistance of 24-28 kN. The best option for driving the MDD-100 with a plough was its movement with the right-side wheels in the furrow. The draft resistance of the plough would decrease by 12.0%, if the option of the MDD-100 outside the furrow is used. This ensured a 12.8% reduction in the skidding of the MDD-100 wheels and a 13.1% decrease of fuel consumption for the ploughing unit. Compared to a 4WD tractor, the use of a modular draft device with a 6WD wheel arrangement offered a greater stability of the ploughing depth. Introduction One way to increase the efficiency of agricultural tractors is the application of the modular principle to their construction. This principle is based on the requirements for the development of a traction-and-energy concept for a new tractor (Kutkov, 2004). The basic essence of these requirements is that, according to this concept, the power of the tractor cannot be fully utilized when it is in traction mode. This is because this mode allows full use of the engine power only when the power saturation level (PSL) of the tractor does not exceed 15 kW t–1 (Bulgakov et al., 2015). The PSL of a tractor according to the traction-and-energy concept may be considerably greater than 15 kW t–1. For instance, in the Steyr 8300 tractor, this figure reaches almost 39 kW t–1 (www.tractor-db.com). Hence, the tractor based on the tractionand-energy concept contains excessive power, and, therefore requires that specific methods are developed for using it efficiently. One of these methods is to create a modular draft device (MDD). The modular draft device, developed in Ukraine under the brand name MTD-100, consists of two modules: the energy module and the technological module (Figure 1A). The energy module (EM) is tractor MTZ-892, which has a PSL exceeding 15 kW t–1. The technological module (TM) is an axle attached to the tractor with driving wheels, its own three-point hitch linkage, a saddletype semi-trailer, a brake system and its own power take-off (PTO) shaft. The wheels of the TM are driven by the synchronous power take-off shaft of the energy module (i.e., the tractor). To ensure better ease of manoeuvrability of the MDD-100, while turning, its technological module is equipped with a vertical pivot and a horizontal pivot. The technical characteristics of the MDD-100 are reported in Table 1. The vertical pivot ensures turning of the TM relative to the EM on a horizontal plane by ±30°, while the horizontal pivot turns by ±15° on a transverse-vertical plane. In order to limit and dampen oscillations of the TM relative to the EM on the horizontal plane, the latter is equipped with two interconnected hydraulic cylinders in parallel. A similar design solution (a pivotal connection between the modules) was used by researchers in the self-propelled platform with an 8×8-wheel arrangement (Beloousov et al., 2013). During the working movement of the MDD-100, the main proportion of its engine power is converted into the draft resistance through the EM undercarriage system, while the remaining one is converted through the TM undercarriage system. As a result, if the traction force of the EM can reach 16 kN, then, when it is part of the TM, it can be more than 26 kN. This means that, when the energy module and the technological modules are combined, their draft resistances add up. In accordance with the Ukrainian classification of tractors, the EM refers to the traction means of the traction class 1.4. At the same time, the MDD-100 modular draft device belongs Correspondence: Semjons Ivanovs, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2, Liela str. Jelgava, LV-2130, Latvia. Tel.: +37129403708. E-mail: email@example.com


Computer-based techniques for Environmental design tend to be analytical. They are aimed at the engineer who takes a previously designed building and then analyses the environmental performance of the building so as to be able to give performance requirements for servicing plant. Thus the building has been designed by an architect using experience and some broad background knowledge of environmental performance, but it is usually not until the analysis stage is reached that the building's environmental performance is accurately assessed. A sunlight design program (application) has been written to address this problem. This program is aimed at the designer and should allow them to assess quickly the sunlight characteristics of' their building. The intention has been to produce a tool which is easy to understand and use: a tool which is interactive and in which data can be changed easily. Thus the tool can be used: to check the effect of design changes on sunlight performance. The tool is meant to the both an aid to design itself and to the understanding of the environmental performance of buildings. This paper describes the application and the use of it by architectural students. We describe the application, assess it and evaluate its educational value by comparing students' estimations of sunlight performance in their own buildings with performance predicted by it. We look at how students interact with the program to modify their design in response to this interaction and report on their evaluation of the application during a controlled exercise.


Based on the mathematical model of a nonlinear finance chaotic system, the compli- cated dynamical behavior and slow manifold of the model are further investigated. Firstly, the complicated dynamical behaviors of the system are analyzed by studing dynamical behaviors of the subsystem of the system. And then, global dynamical behaviors of the system are discussed, such as symmetry, dissipation and equilibrium points etc. Thirdly, by using different methods, the slow manifold equations of the system are obtained. Finally, the adaptive control of the nonlinear finance chaotic system is presented. We settle the nonlinear finance chaotic system to equilibrium point with only one controller. The results of theoretical analysis and simulation are helpful for better understanding of other similar nonlinear finance chaotic systems.


The conceptual grounds of controlling speech ideological genres in administrative discourse have been disclosed on the basis of postmodern discourse theory and socio-cultural theory of speech genres of M.M. Bakhtin. It allows overcoming narrow-mindedness of linguistic and linguo-culturological approaches, arranging the existing genres, determining the reasons of reproducing new genres and disappearance of dated ones, and so allows widening the spectrum of opportunities of controlling information space of administrative sphere.


Donor-acceptor structures have recently gained great popularity for the design of low band gap polymeric organic semiconductors. Presented here is a first systematic study of organic semiconductors based on columnar liquid crystals that consist of discotic and board-shaped donor-acceptor structures. The discotic benzotristhiophenetricarboxamide and hexaphenyldiquinoxalinophenazine derivatives form hexagonal columnar mesophases over wide temperature ranges while the board-shaped tetraphenylquinoxalinophenanthrophenazine derivative displays rectangular and hexagonal columnar mesophases. All compounds are designed to preferentially conduct electrons and not holes because the central acceptor parts, which are the sole contributors to the unoccupied frontier orbitals, show strong intermolecular electronic interactions within columnar stacks whereas the donor parts at the periphery of the cores, the sole contributors to the occupied frontier orbitals, are too far apart to provide sufficient electronic interactions. The absence of hole conduction is confirmed by charge carrier mobility measurements based on time-resolved microwave conductivity and time-of-flight methods that reveal intrinsic electron mobility values of about 10-2 cm2 V-1 s-1. The board-shaped compound is also highly fluorescent not only in solution but also in its mesophases. Interstingly, the fluorescence quantum yield of its mesophases reversibly increases with decreasing temperature, which is reasoned with changes in molecular mobility and intracolumnar packing within columnar stacks.


We describe the stray and scattered light properties of the Juno Ultraviolet Spectrograph (Juno-UVS). Juno-UVS is a modest-powered (9.0 W) instrument that is designed to characterize Jupiter's auroral emissions and relate them to in situ measurements made by Juno's particle and wave instruments. A notable scattered light feature has been discovered during UVS operations; a minor solar glint that reveals itself during specific spacecraft orientations when the spin axis is pointed a certain angle away from the sun. This scattered light feature has become more important now that the Juno mission has decided to stay in its 53-day parking orbit instead of transitioning to the planned 14-day science orbit. The impact of the scattered light feature on future instrument operations is discussed.


The present invention provides a Chinese medicine composition for effectively curing hyperplasia of mammary glands with obvious therapeutic effect. Said medicine composition contains 11 Chinese medicinal materials of prunella spike, unripe tangerine peel, cyperus root, curcuma tuber, Zhejiang fritillaria bulb, white peony root, Chinese angelica root and others. Besides, said invention also provides its preparation method.


The dissociation constants of some selected acid-base indicators (methyl red, bromothymol blue, bromocresol green) were evaluated in some Egyptian aquatic environments. The studied regions included marine (seven sites along the Egyptian Mediterranean coast from Abu-Qir east of Alexandria to the region of 21 km west of Alexandria), lakes (Mariut, Edku, and Burullus) and the drainage system around Alexandria (El-Kalaa, El-Umum, Barsiek and ElKhairy Drains and El-Noubaria Draining canal). Two samples were collected from the fishing ponds El-Nozha Hydrodrome and El-Mex. Some physical and chemical characteristics of the aquatic systems were determined and discussed. The behavior of the indicators is correlated with their molecular structure and the status of the environment.


A model is proposed for positive trions (X + 2 ) in bulk solids and another one for surface trions. These models are applied to calculate the bound-state eigenenergies for such trions in CuCI, CuBr and CuI.


The author is Associate Justice of the District Court of the United States for the District of Columbia since October, 1945. His article was read before the Judicial Conference for the Fourth Circuit held at Asheville, N. C., on June 7, 1946. Judge Holtzoff is a member and Secretary of the Supreme Court Advisory Committee on Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure. He was educated in Columbia University, Editor of the Columbia Law Review from 1910 to 1911; engaged in the private practice of law in New York City from 1911 to 1924; Special Assistant to the U. S. Attorney General until September 30, 1945 when he received appointment to the U. S. District Court.-EDITOR.


e23505Background: Osteosarcoma and soft tissue sarcoma have low sensitivity to chemotherapy and are prone to recurrence and metastasis. In order to improve the efficacy of chemotherapy, we decided ...


A navigation algorithmi, which utilizes a system of stationary pseudolites is derived, analysed, discussed, and simulated in this article. Although this algorithm uses the same Doppler measurements as a conventional least square algorithm (LSA) (which produces user velocity and user clock drift) or Kalman based filter (which obtains user position/velocity etc.), in essence the Doppler measurements are applied differently and therefore this is the reason why this is an innovative algorithm. The solution accuracy obtained using this algorithm is compared with solution accuracy from the conventional pseudorange LSA. The result of this comparison is presented in the end of the article.


Abstract

The main purpose of this research is the examination of the influence of Murita therapy on reducing the anxiety on the clients of counseling centers. The using instrument in this research is state-trait questionnaire (shpil berger).
The independence variable of this research consists of 6 sessions of Murita therapy that was performed individually for all of clients. The dependence variable consists of a score that every one was gain by this anxiety questionnaire. statistical society in the present research consists of those clients refer to 2 centers of counseling in Tehran in1388-1387.they were women or men, from 20 to 35 years old, with secondary or higher education and not using any drugs. The sample of this research was 20 women or men that were selected from 29 clients with suitable conditions. They were selected at random and then they were divided at random in two groups: experimental and control group
Present research was a kind of experimental designs (design of pretest and posttest with control group) the data was analyzed by the test of non parametric Uman witney. The results showed that Murita therapy was influential on reducing anxiety in clients.

Key words :Murita therapy – Trait, State Anxiety


In humid air, a nascent Al-metal surface (S) with a surface Hg2+ catalyst hydrolyzes in divided reaction centers (micelles) with a vigorous exothermic reaction, {Al + 2OH−}+αH2O → AlO(OH)·αH2O + 3e−+ H+. It yields amorphous AlO(OH)·αH2O with a huge ∼90% porosity with α= 0.25. The primary driving forces of the reaction are the chemical potential μe between the reaction species, the mechanical stress ς induced in expansion of S, and the flow of the reaction species. They drive it in a common direction perpendicular to S. The heat released in it flows primarily along S. It disrupts and stops the directional hydrolysis if the local temperature in the micelle reaches a critical value Tc (hot spot). The hot spot cools to the operating value T0, and the reaction restarts and runs over to Tc in a periodic manner, at a time scale of Δti∼ 5 s, per the dynamics of hot spots, forming a self-organized mesoporous structure of 15–50-nm diameter ellipsoidal shaped particles (halo) separated through 3–5-nm pores. A pore, in continuous formation of the sample, forms in disrupted reaction during the hot spot as it cools from Tc to T0. The result is modeled in terms of the microstructure and dynamics of the hot spots.


Although people have paid more attention to MBO, we still have some fuzzy even false understanding. The author elaborates some concepts, such as the meaning of MBI, the connotation of MBO, the property of MBO, and the role of MBO.


This paper presents a comparison of three different approaches for modeling enhanced heat transfer characteristics of turbulent airflow in a circular tube with artificial roughness of transverse ribs. A number of CFD simulations are carried out forming the first dataset as well as the second dataset extracted from a number of classical works. A deep feed-forward neural network is developed to predict Nusselt number and friction factor for a variety of rib roughness and flow parameters. The ANN is trained by the first dataset (the CFD and ANN approach) and the second dataset (the experiment and ANN approach) independently and by a combination of datasets (the hybrid approach) showing good quality predictions in all the cases. All results are compared with experimental data and CFD modelled values showing the best results of the experiment and ANN approach.


Summary form only given. We present detailed modeling and experimental results for an improved design of an InGaAsP/InP wavelength demultiplexer based on a monolithically-integrated Rowland circle waveguide grating fabricated using chemically-assisted ion beam etching. The design incorporates ten wavelength channels at 1.55 /spl mu/m with a uniform spacing of 2 nm and multimode output waveguides to flatten channel response and reduce sensitivity to polarization.


The corrosion behavior of Zircaloy-4 in 1 N H2SO4 with small amounts of NaF was investigated by means of radionuclide technical and electrochemical methods. In this corrosion system cladding hulls of spent fuel elements were corroded under potentiostatic control. The activity of released radionuclides was measured as a function of wall loss. From this the distribution pattern of these nuclides in the wall of the fuel hull can be calculated. Fission products show pronounced concentration profiles in the first 10 mm. Activation products exhibit constant activities in the wall material.


The quality of electroplating products depends upon conformance to requirements of the customer. These requirements are translated into design specifications of all the contributing factors and subsystems up to component level of the electroplating system. The quality of interaction amongst different subsystems, sub-subsystems and other factors that affect the quality of products are considered here. These are modelled using graph theory and matrix algebra as quality graph, quality matrix and quality permanent function of the electroplating product. A number of analytical tests derived from these models help to carry out optimum selection of qualities of subsystems and interactions for designing competitive electroplating products. Evaluation, ranking and comparison procedures can be developed with the help of models proposed herein. Coefficients of similarity and dissimilarity are developed for comparison among feasible products. This is, basically, a virtual prototyping methodology of the complete system, ideal in the production of high quality competitive electroplating products.


This paper discusses the use of private investors in large infrastructure projects such as high-speed rail. The successful use of private finance will depend on the economic characteristics of the project, a suitable legal, operational and contractual arrangement and a specific financing structure. Base case assumptions and pessimistic scenarios must be considered to ensure a project is profitable before private finance is considered. The range of financial structuring solutions then available is examined including leasing arrangements. The involvement of public money in a mixed financial structure is examined. Even if only directed to some of the risks involved public guarantees can provide good leverage to a project. It is concluded that private investment provides a useful tool to profitable schemes but it is always public authorities who lead and control the field of infrastructure. This paper was presented at the EURAILSPEED 92 conference held in Brussels, April 27-29, 1992. For the covering abstract see IRRD 853180.


Hospital is a public sector to serve patients and has to be designed with consideration of aesthetics and ecology. Based on the green space of 13 urban hospitals in Guangzhou as the research objects for this investigation, a total of 194 species of landscape plants belonging to 76 families were recorded. The existing application in plant disposition of hospitals in Guangzhou was analyzed, while the plant disposition patterns of hospitals were summarized. Finally some suggestions about how to create plants scenery in hospitals were put forward.


To what extent should our detailed knowledge of the Sun guide us in our attempts to understand stars, and, conversely, to what extent should meager, poor spatially resolved data from stars channel our thoughts on the Sun's evolution? These are fundamental questions for astronomy that are not easily answered. The tendency, when interpreting observations of late-type stars, is to set them in the context of what can be spatially resolved on the Sun. Somehow, if we can see a phenomenon on the Sun, then it is much easier to accept it as a ubiquitous feature on other stars, no matter how complicated and diverse that phenomenon may be. Nowhere is this tendency more evident than in the field of solar and stellar activity. This topic was one in which Dr. Brendan Byrne, who died tragically last year, was particularly interested, and it was the theme of the conference held recently at Armagh Observatory to commemorate his work. A key question is the role played by the magnetic field. Effects of magnetic fields are detected across virtually the whole of the H-R diagram (J. Linsky, University of Colorado, Boulder), even in stars such as those of spectral types O, B, and A that have no significant convection. A further question is the extent to which observations of the Sun inform theorists of processes for the origin and evolution of stellar magnetic fields generally, and of the causes of activity in stars of spectral types G, K, and M. The problem was touched upon many times, but several speakers (e.g., H. Mason, Cambridge University; A. Lanzafame, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania) cautioned that the community should be very careful in extrapolating relatively simple physical models, based on observations of the Sun, to the situation of other stars. Other stars show a far greater range of activity than the Sun and provide direct evidence for much more violent events than those seen in our own backyard. A surprising result, so far as the Sun is concerned, was presented by K. Schrijver (Lockheed Palo Alto Research Lab), namely, that the replenishment timescale for the surface field is of the order of days. The new results demonstrate a significant lack of correlation between the observed surface structures and the underlying solar dynamo. Meanwhile, observations of other stars, reviewed by J.-F. Donati (Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Toulouse), are now reaching a stage when high-resolution spectroscopic monitoring offers the prospect of probing the


Alkyl bromides R1R2CHBr in which R1 is an electron acceptor and R2 is an electron donor, when treated with di-t-butyl nitroxide, undergo extremely rapid homosolvolysis to yield unreactive 'capto-dative' free radicals.


The paper proposes some mechanisms which control the conductivity and dielectric constant of concrete over the frequency range 1–100 MHz, and, from these, a model is developed. The electrical response of this model is compared with experimental measurements and the validity of the model discussed.


The safe-care practiced by the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University is designed to make continued improvements of the quality of care and enhance hospital management.The paper first explained the concept of the model as upholding Xiangya spirit,standardized management,good clinical service pattern,enhanced continuing education and training,enhanced doctor-patient communication,risk prevention beforehand,enhanced team spirit,and enhanced information system.It went on to describe the measures taken by the hospital in implementing the mode,significance and steps for each measure taken,and initial outcomes achieved by the mode for both the hospital and patients in the end.

Key words:
Medical service; Safe-care; Medical care management


This study aimed to generate knowledge about transition areas between phytophysiognomies for the understanding and conservation of these unique environments. Thus, the existence of different floristic groups was analyzed in a spatial gradient of an ecotone in the municipality of São Desidério, state of Bahia, Brazil. To this end, a transect of approximately 4.7 km, with orientation from Northeast to Southwest, was established along a spatial gradient. Twelve (12) 10x50 m sampling plots (500 m² each) were distributed throughout this transect. The following methodology was employed: First, the floristic similarity between the sampling plots was measured. These sampling plots were then grouped and the data were graphically presented in a dendrogram (Cluster analysis) and an ordering diagram (nMDS). Finally, the phytosociological parameters by ordered group were obtained. The results showed the presence of three floristic groups: Groups I, II and III, classified as wooded savannah, seasonal deciduous forest, and forested savannah, respectively. The floristic groups were formed gradually along the spatial gradient, and transition between phytophysiognomies does not occur abruptly, since the ordering by groups is more due to the difference between the abundance of species than to their presence and/or absence. The distribution pattern of the phytophysiognomies along the spatial gradient indicates association with abiotic factors, such as the pedological characteristics and the relief found along the transect, possibly creating an environmental gradient.


The issue of the new contract law, make such nameless contract of lease contract of financing can recitfy name, But there are a lot of questions that need to be analyzed, study in theory in the lease contract of financing, The right to claim question of lessee in the lease contract of financing is one of them.


With the increasing number of distributed generation connections to distribution networks, the need for better understanding of the distribution network constraints becomes crucial. As distribution networks have not been traditionally designed for two-way power flow, the reverse power flows due to the integration of distributed generation changes voltage profiles and can create significant network management issues related to both thermal and voltage limits. Whilst a large body of theory exists on the management of voltage profiles and the integration of distributed generation into voltage-constrained feeders, there has been limited real world application of these methods to date, in part because network operators are reluctant to undertake significant changes that may affect the reliability of their network. This paper provides a case study of three adjustments to existing management of an 11kV feeder that are simple and feasible to implement and evaluates their impact on connection capacity for distributed generation including the importance of location. These adjustments are: increased operational upper-voltage levels, simple demand-management, and non-firm connections to manage local voltage constraints.


The transient behavior of a bowed string from a Helmholtz motion to a double slip motion was observed using a simple apparatus consisting of nylon lines which served as a bow, and a string. As the bow speed increases, the motion transits from a Helmholtz motion to a double slip motion. Two Helmholtzian waves with different amplitudes and phases occur during the transition from a Helmholtz motion to a perfect double slip motion. This behavior is examined using numerical simulations, which provide good agreement with the experiments.


The court in Mayhew v. King 2010] EWHC 1121 (Ch) failed to recognise that the principle against divestiture has nothing to do with the principle of pari passu distribution. However, the court's actual application of the principle is in many respects a healthy repudiation of the Court of Appeal's approach in Perpetual Trustee Company v. BNY Corporate Trustee Services [2009] EWCA Civ 1160. It is now down to the Supreme Court to set the principle on a trajectory toward conceptual stability and practical justice.


This study of quantitative research, applied pre-experimental with pre and post-evaluation; was realized in the Distrital Hospital "Santa Isabel" - El Porvenir, during the months of December to January 2017, with the objective to establish the effectiveness of the educational program "Ready to be a super mom" in the level of knowledge primigravid teenagers about newborn care. The sample universe consisted of 20 primigravid teenagers who met the inclusion criteria mentioned in the research. Data collection was used: "Questionnaire to determine the level of knowledge of primigravid teenagers about newborn care" prepared by the authors Lizana and Mendez (2016). The results are presented in simple, double-entry tables. To determine the relationship between variables, the statistical test "t of student" was used. The following results were found: Before the application of the educational program, 90% of primigravid teenagers obtained a level of regular knowledge, and 10% under level. After the implementation of the educational program, 100% reached a high level of knowledge, indicating that the program was highly significant (p = 0.000).
Key words: Key words: Educational Program, Maternal knowledge, care of the newborn
EFFECTIVENESS OF AN EDUCATIVE PROGRAM IN THE MATERNAL KNOWLEDGE ABOUT NEWBORN CARE.
Wendy Keyko Lizana Gallardo
Claudia Isabel Mendez Varas
Ms. Janet Julia Chunga Medina


PurposesThe application of FESTO training system in the design of automatic control system is introduced. With the help of resarch of one example, the real industrial application of the conveying controlled automatically, one convenient design method of pneumatic electrical - pneumatic automatic control system is developed Procedures. Practice proves that using this method is a good way for learning automatic control technology and the system design. The results is also santisfied for teaching and the application. Can increase the ability and efficiency of technicians in automatic control system design. and their abilit correcting.


Method for dynamically controlling congestion in a radio access network, systems, and computer-readable medium is disclosed. According to one aspect, a system for dynamically controlling congestion in a radio access network, receives the approval request from the node to communicate with the user equipment via the radio access network, in response to receipt of the approval request , including PCRF for installing subscriber identification policy for controlling congestion in a radio access network node (PCRF).


Powder manufacturing processes involve a systematic processing of particulate material towards forming a final product which needs to meet specific quality standards. A means towards ensuring that standards are met in a manufacturing plant is to apply self-regulating intelligent machinery that can take mitigatory actions in the presence of a process deviation or unsatisfactory process behavior. Given a case study of an open-loop batch powder agglomeration process, this work synthesizes the process of how a feedback element can be applied towards the powder manufacturing plant in order to allow for self-regulation and process optimization which, in turn, would increase process efficiency, minimize waste and ensure that the overall product quality meets production targets. Focusing on a proposed cybernetic loop with a feedback element, a vital component is the ability to measure key quality attributes of the powder mixture, which is crucial towards ensuring the control algorithm is able to implement the most reflective and appropriate control strategy on the powder process; thus, this work discusses heavily the sensing and associated signal processing component of the cybernetic loop. The results from the reviewed signal processing scenarios which comprised the in-process material spanned estimation accuracies of 3–10%, depending on the scenario that was considered. This paper also addresses the feared dystopian view of mass redundancy and job losses in the age of the introduction of enhanced automation technology within a manufacturing process, where it is distilled what kinds of knock-on effects can be expected as a result of the technology, in addition to means by which policy makers can contribute towards ensuring that the adaptation and transition process is as smooth as possible.


We present a nonlinear predator-prey system consisting of a nonlocal conservation law for predators coupled with a parabolic equation for preys. The drift term in the predators' equation is a nonlocal function of the prey density, so that the movement of predators can be directed towards region with high prey density. Moreover, Lotka-Volterra type right hand sides describe the feeding. A theorem ensuring existence, uniqueness, continuous dependence of weak solutions and various stability estimates is proved, in any space dimension. Numerical integrations show a few qualitative features of the solutions.


Farmworkers contribute significantly to North Carolina's communities and economy; however, they incur significant occupational risks with limited workplace protections. Many barriers complicate their access to health care services. Recommendations include increased number of outreach workers, extended clinic hours, strengthening workplace protections, and inclusion of farmworkers in community needs assessments.


Infection of the ocular surface can have devastating consequences if not appropriately treated with antimicrobials at an early stage [...].


Cultural and creative entrepreneurs have been seen as key agents of the development and revitalization of rural and remote areas. But what makes those individuals turn to areas like these? How do they achieve the revival of these places? What does essentially contribute to this revival? Many questions regarding the reasons why and the ways in which creative individuals implement entrepreneurship in rural areas remain utterly unaddressed. How do they deal with and apply their innovative ideas in these parts characterized by profound tradition and culture? How do they manage to merge their initiatives with the tradition and to be successful in achieving the involvement of the local community? This study focuses on innovative cultural entrepreneurial initiatives that contribute to the social, economic, cultural, environmental and educational development of Sifnos and Syros, two of the Cyclades most famous islands in Greece. It aims to examine why creative entrepreneurs take the decision to turn to these remote parts of Greece and how they manage to gain the appreciation and the involvement of a traditional community by initiating contemporary cultural events and projects. Furthermore, it seeks to scrutinize how those actions can coexist and be combined with the tradition and create beautiful outcomes inspired by the place.
A wide literature has attempted to explain how cultural entrepreneurship and creative initiatives are meaningful for the development of rural and remote areas in the economic, environmental, social, educational and cultural domains. We address the issue through the lens of cultural entrepreneurship. One of the most predominant definitions of entrepreneurship entails the grasping of an opportunity with the precondition to creating an innovation, something novel; which is by entrepreneurs who have the willingness to make something new. Therefore, we recognize the need to investigate the reactions and the behavior of the locals who have a deep respect and love for their tradition, which could stand in contrast with the contemporary cultural entrepreneurial venturing.
By conducting interviews with cultural entrepreneurs in Sifnos and Syros islands in Greece, this qualitative study aims to investigate why cultural entrepreneurs chose Sifnos and Syros to implement their cultural innovative vision and; how they implement cultural entrepreneurship, accounting for the strong traditions and potential resistance by the local community. By doing so, we seek to answer the question; how cultural entrepreneurs contribute to the development of the rural region, in cultural, social and economic terms.


An apparatus for moving a plurality of pressure rollers against respective opposing rollers in the printing machine, this device, in the non-energy mode can be simplified design pressure roller is disposed in non-contacting position it is. Apparatus for this purpose, each support one of the pressure roller, includes a plurality of pressure rollers scaffold which is movably supported, the pressure roller bearing body between a contact position and a non-contact position it is movable. In this arrangement, each of the pressure roller scaffold is biased in the direction of the contact position via the biasing unit. Furthermore, at least one actuating element is provided, the actuating element is connected to a shared actuating device at least two pressure rollers scaffold.


Urbanization is an unavoidable phenomenon which ultimately converts the agricultural land into urban land which may impact the farmer's livelihood, agricultural production and consumers of the surrounding area negatively. In the present study GIS and Remote sensing approach is used to analyze the phenomena of agricultural land transformation into urban land use. The change detection method has been applied to realize the problem. The findings show that there is loss of farmland and displacement of the households who had been involved in farming. In general the higher rate of urban expansion, leads to the higher loss of agricultural land. The major corrective measures could be improvements on the spatial planning which could balance the land demand of urban areas and shrinking of agricultural land in and in the fringes of Gondar city.


In this paper, the design, analysis, and fabrication of a gecko-inspired climbing robot are discussed. The robot has kinematics similar to a gecko's climbing gait. It uses peeling and steering mechanisms and an active tail for robust and agile climbing as a novelty. The advantage of this legged robot is that it can explore irregular terrains more robustly. Novel peeling mechanism of the elastomer adhesive pads, as well as steering and stable climbing using an active tail are explored. The design, fabrication, analysis and test of the robot are reported. Experimental results of walking and climbing up to 85deg sloped acrylic surfaces as well as successful steering and peeling mechanism tests are demonstrated. The potential applications foreseen for this kind of robots are inspection, repair, cleaning, and exploration


In this article, an analytical solution for the problem of time-dependent creep analysis of a functionally graded magneto-electro- elastic rotating disc is presented. The material properties are considered to be power function of radius through radial direction. Firstly, using the stress-strain relation and strain-displacement relation together with equilibrium equation and heat equation in plane-stress condition, a differential equation containing creep strains is found. Then, eliminating creep strains, an analytical solution for the mentioned differential equation is obtained which is actually the response in time zero. Then, considering fixed temperature boundary conditions, creep strains are kept and creep stress rates are found by an analytical solution of the obtained differential equation. Finally, the radial stress, hoop stress, radial displacement, electric potential and magnetic potential can be calculated using an iterative method in every desired time. In the numerical examples, the effects of creep evolution, temperature boundary conditions and speed of rotation are investigated comprehensively.


The Gothic Archive is the flagship digital humanities project for the Marquette University library. The project was birthed from a simple digital collection, and through the partnership of faculty and librarians, was transformed into something more. The core tenets of digital collection creation were adhered to in order to create a solid foundation upon which to build the Archive. The expertise of both groups and communication were key in the evolution of the collection, and in discovering and highlighting the relationships between the objects. This case study reviews the steps Marquette took in creating the collection and taking it to the level of digital humanities project.


DDETS is Relational Data Base Management System (RDBMS) which incorporates 1-D (code 39) and 2-D (PDF417) bar codes into its equipment tracking capabilities. DDETS is compatible with the Reportable Excess Automated Property System (REAPS), and has add, edit, delete and query capabilities for tracking equipment being decontaminated and decommissioned. In addition, bar code technology is utilized in the inventory tracking and shipping of equipment.


Though releasing trams unchargedly for the lifting machine saves electricity,but it has a great harm.It brings the great hiding trouble for winders moving.After the aim measures are adopted,the faults appear.Releasing trams unchargedly should be prohibited.


When stainless steel, a difficult work material, is cut, cutting forces increase and cutting temperature rises significantly. Consequently, the tool life of high-speed steel becomes markedly short. To reduce the cutting temperature, the tool is cooled internally with water, and to reduce cutting forces, high-velocity cutting oil is applied. With the method of cooling and lublication technique tool life becomes far longer, compared with that in ordinary cutting. Accordingly, this procedure would be very effective for cutting other difficult work materials.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to understand whether circumstantial factors in Turkey create a unique approach to human resource management (HRM) determining its place on the convergence and divergence continuum.

Design/methodology/approach
Turkish HRM literature, based on 39 journal articles published between the years 1998 and 2018, are analyzed through an institutional theory lens using content analysis.

Findings
The ambiguity of the convergence and divergence issue in Turkey may be argued as HRM is still not considered as a primary management function in Turkey. There appear to be only a small number of original studies that preserve cultural values as well as follow new trends within the discipline.

Originality/value
This study broadens the understanding of the developmental trajectories of HRM by examining the context, history and advancement of HRM in Turkey as an example of developing economies.


The effective Coulomb interaction between globular proteins is calculated as a function of monovalent salt concentration cs, by explicit Molecular Dynamics simulations of pairs of model proteins in the presence of microscopic co and counterions. For discrete charge patterns of monovalent sites on the surface, the resulting osmotic virial coefficient B2 is found to be a strikingly non-monotonic function of cs. The non-monotonicity follows from a subtle Coulomb correlation effect which is completely missed by conventional non-linear Poisson-Boltzmann theory and explains various experimental findings.


This article explores the issues surrounding the development of the post-2012 international climate change regime with respect to financing for adaptation in Pacific Island countries. It is argued that adaptation to the adverse impacts of climate change represents a realistic, rational and necessary policy option for Pacific islands, and that international law has an important, and thus far under-realised, role to play. The current negotiations to design a new international legal agreement on climate change will be crucial to securing long-term and reliable funding for adaptation measures in particularly vulnerable countries, including Pacific island countries.


The objective of this text is to show the paradigmatic dispersion of environmental history and how this situation generates epistemological tensions based on the immeasurability of ontologies to which the environmental historian appeals and, through comparisons between positionings, the article alerts to the environmental historian upon the characterizations of their discipline that confuses the theory of environmental history with the horizon of expectations of environmental historians. With this in mind, the text generates proposals for environmental history to concretize the scientific revolution that constitutes it.


Objective To investigate the clinical data of hospital acquired infection in patients with malignant tumour undergoing chemotherapy for the rational use of antibiotics.Methods Clinical data of 56 patients with malignant tumour after receiving chemotherapy in hospital were analysed restrospectively.Results The respiratory tract was the most frequent infection site followed by gastric tract,urinary tract and blood.The most common pathegens isolated were E·coli,klebsiella spp.Sepidermidis,saureus and fungi.Conclusions When the patients with malignant tumour after chemotherapy occurred infection,antimicrobial agents and antifungal should be given to prevent infection,granulocyte colony stimulating factors can be applied to promote the recovery of leukocytes,supportive treatment should be strengthened.


This paper analyses deep learning and traditional data mining and machine learning methods; compares the advantages and disadvantage of the traditional methods; introduces enterprise needs, systems and data, IT challenges, and Big Data in an extended service infrastructure. The feasibility and challenges of the applications of deep learning and traditional data mining and machine learning methods in Big Data analytics are also analyzed and presented.


This study was aimed to investigate the effects of restaurant in-store color and music congruency on consumer's emotional responses and behavioral intentions. The web survey was conducted among 400 customers(aged from 20 ∼39 years old) who lived in Seoul and Kyunggi, Incheon Province. To find ensemble effect of color and music, 3D studio MAX were used to make high-stimulus(exciting) and low-stimulus(calm) and 3D virtual reality restaurant simulation stimulus were applied. The statistical data analyses were performed using SPSS/WIN 18.0 and reliability analysis, factor analysis, regression analysis were used. Based on the result of the conducting factor analysis, emotional responses were classified into 2 factors: positive emotion and negative emotion. Satisfaction was classified into 1 factor: satisfaction. Loyalty was classified into 1 factor: loyalty. Cronbach's alpha was calculated for the reliability of the survey instrument. Consequently, restaurant in-store color and music congruency were shown to affect positive emotion and negative emotion. Positive emotion and negative emotion were shown to affect satisfaction. Satisfaction were shown to affect loyalty. Music congruency had a higher effect on positive emotion than color congruency. Color congruency had a higher effect on negative emotion than music congruency. The results of this study will serve as a basis of color and music congruency with restaurant atmospherics.


controlled by kinases, a protein class that represents approximately 2% of the human genome. Kinases comprise two major subgroups: those that phosphorylate serine and/or threonine residues (Ser/Thr kinases), and those that phosphorylate tyrosine residues (Tyr kinases). Aberrant expression or function of kinases is associated with neoplasias, including metastasis, diabetes, psoriasis and liver fibrosis. Currently, kinase inhibitors such as Gleevec for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia, and Iressa, Fasudil and Tarceva for the treatment of solid tumours, are either approved for clinical use or are in advanced development. Ser/Thr kinases inhibitors such as BAY 43 006, LY 333531 and CEP 1347, for the treatment of colon cancers, diabetic neuropathy and Parkinson's disease respectively, are also in clinical evaluation. Kinases are consequently a very 'druggable' target class and elicit a high interest in the development of high throughput screening (HTS) platforms for inhibitor detection (Figures 1 and 2). Many kinase drug discovery programmes are aimed at enzymes that play in the etiology of cancers, although other diseases are emerging as major applications of kinase inhibitors. In oncology notably, there is increasing recognition that multiple kinase are involved in the disease. Consequently, novel inhibitors will probably need to exhibit actions across many kinases. Indeed, the concept of inhibitor 'polypharmacy' is now widely accepted principally due to the fact that several clinically active kinase inhibitors have been retrospectively shown to inhibit many kinases, over and above the target for which they were initially designed and optimised. There is, therefore, intense interest in determining the inhibitory profile of a novel compound, which now represents a major activity in several lead optimisation studies. Of note is that, unlike the primary screening campaigns undertaken to detect novel inhibitors, many drug discovery groups now outsource such secondary profiling activities to specialist companies. Given that kinase assays are now widely used in drug discovery teams, screening groups and profiling organisations, both internal and external, it is not surprising that many technologies have been developed to meet this growing need. In terms of kinase assay development, these are discussed in more detail below. However, there are several critical points to consider when choosing a screening technology, particularly if the action of novel inhibitors is to be polypharmacologic, which necessitates determination of its activity across several kinases under equivalent experimental conditions. Since many inhibitors are designed to act at the ATP binding pocket, the concentration of ATP used in the kinase reaction is critical. In many HTS assays, low ATP concentrations are frequently used, providing assays inherently biased toward inhibitor detection and thus relatively high hit By Dr Richard M. Eglen and Dr Roger Bossé


Essential hypertension is a complex disorder, caused by the interplay between many genetic variants, gene-gene interactions, and environmental factors. Given that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays an important role in blood pressure (BP) control, cardiovascular regulation, and cardiovascular remodeling, special attention has been devoted to the investigation of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) harbored in RAS genes that may be associated with hypertension and cardiovascular disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of small, ∼21-nucleotide long, and nonprotein-coding RNAs that recognize target mRNAs through partial complementary elements in the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of mRNAs and inhibit gene expression by targeting mRNAs for translational repression or destabilization. Since miRNA SNPs (miRSNPs) can create, destroy, or modify miRNA binding sites, this review focuses on the hypothesis that transcribed target SNPs harbored in RAS mRNAs, that alter miRNA gene regulation and consequently protein expression, may contribute to cardiovascular disease susceptibility.


Developed with advanced functions of AutoCAD2000, the paper carrys on the advanced development of a set of standard graphics lib of hydraulic system, which improves the productivity of drawing hydraulic system graphics. As an example, the method of establishing controlling equipments lib is introduced.


We discuss some of the established and newer views on the role of thrombus in the onset of different coronary syndromes, and in the pathology of both de-novo and restenotic atheromatous plaques, the latter resulting from percutaneous coronary revascularization.


To address the problem of formative evaluation of effective English learning,the paper combines the Principal Component Analysis(PCA) and Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) and constructs a set of efficiency analysis models of effective English learning which include models of constant return to scale(CRS),variable return to scale(VRS) and scale learning efficiency(SLE).Constituting aquantitative basis for analyzing the process of effective English learning,the models are conducive to the analysis of the relationship between input and output of English learning,and the quantitative analysis of the relationship between strategy selection and academic performance,thus offering suggestions to English learners.


Ten new species of Rubiaceae from southern Mexico and Mesoamerica are described and illustrated: Bouvardia macdougallii Lorence, Hoffmannia ixtlanensis Lorence, H. minuticarpa Dwyer & Lorence, Machaonia martinezorum Lor- ence, Psychotria breedlovei Lorence, P. thornei Lorence, Rondeletia breedlovei Lorence, R. chi- riquiana Lorence, R. megalantha Lorence, and Sommera parva Lorence. During the course of preparing a treatment of the Rubiaceae for Flora Mesoamericana, collec- tions representing a number of undescribed species from southern Mexico and Mesoamerica were en- countered. Many of these collections are the result of recent fieldwork in botanically poorly known or under-collected areas in conjunction with the Flora of Chiapas, Flora de Oaxaca, and Flora Mesoam- ericana projects. Ten new species are described and illustrated herein, and their affinities are discussed. Most of these taxa occur within the region covered by the Flora Mesoamericana project, i.e., southern Mexico from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec to the Panama-Colombia border (Anon., 1982). A com- plete account of the Mesoamerican Rubiaceae will be given in a forthcoming treatment for Flora Me- soamericana (Dwyer & Lorence, in prep.).


Ancistrocladus korupensis, a species here described from the Southwest Province of Cameroon and adjacent Nigeria, is distinguished within the genus by sessile leaves, short petals, and longwinged fruits. The new species was investigated after michellamine B, a unique naphthyl isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from a sterile Ancistrocladus leaf collection, showed in vitro activity against HIV-1 and HIV-2. Subsequent collections showed that the liana was undescribed and apparently narrowly endemic to the Korup area. Ancistrocladus Wallich (nom. conserv.) is a genus of 19 known species: 9 in tropical Asia (Dyer, 1874; Gagnepain, 1909; Craib, 1925; Steenis, 1948; Ramamoorthy, 1976; Harriman, 1987) and 10 in tropical Africa (Pellegrin, 1951; Hutchinson & Dalziel, 1954; Leonard, 1982, 1986). The resemblance of the winged fruits of Ancistrocladus spp. to those of the Dipterocarpaceae Blume has led some authors (e.g., Oliver, 1868; Dyer, 1874) to include the genus in the latter family. However, Gilg (1925) noted that the resemblance is strictly superficial and considered the Ancistrocladaceae Walpers (nom. conserv.) to be a monogeneric family in the Parietales. The results of anatomical (Metcalfe, 1952; Schmid, 1964; Gottwald & Parameswaran, 1968) and palynological (Erdtman, 1958) investigations support an affinity between Ancistrocladaceae and the endemic African family Dioncophyllaceae Airy Shaw; Cronquist (1981, 1988) treated the two as closely allied families of the Violales. The Ancistrocladaceae are distinguished within the Violales (Cronquist, 1981) and among all of the dicotyledonous families of central Africa (Robyns, 1958) by the following diagnosis: plants lianas, not succulent, climbing by hooked apices of sympodial branches; leaves alternate (but often crowded in rosettes on flowering shoots), simple, entire, not sheathing at base, the blades symmetric; stipules present, very small and caducous; flowers in raNOVON 3: 494-498. 1993. cemes, spikes, or dichotomously branched panicles; sepals 5, accrescent and winglike in fruit; petals distinct or slightly connate at base; extrastaminal corona lacking; stamens 5 or 10-15, erect in bud, the filaments slightly connate at base; ovary halfinferior, unilocular; ovule solitary, basilateral; fruit dry, indehiscent; endosperm present, ruminate. Ancistrocladus can sometimes be confused with the unrelated genus Hugonia L. (Hugoniaceae or Linaceae), but species of the latter genus can be vegetatively distinguished by the usually pale stems, leaves usually toothed, less crowded, and with numerous more prominent secondary veins, and hooks borne on normal branches. Of the ten species of Ancistrocladus previously described from tropical Africa, six occur in the evergreen forests near the Atlantic coast from Gabon to Sierra Leone (Pellegrin, 1951; Hutchinson & Dalziel, 1954), three are apparently restricted to central and northern Zaire (Leonard, 1982), and one is endemic to the Buda Forest of coastal Kenya (Leonard, 1986). The new species herein described is apparently endemic to the immediate vicinity of the Korup National Park in the Southwest Province of Cameroon, including the adjacent part of Cross River State of southeastern Nigeria. Ancistrocladus korupensis D. W. Thomas & Gereau, sp. nov. TYPE: Cameroon. Southwest Prov.: Ndian Division, 0.6 km E of confluence of Mededibe (Moliba) and Ndian (Mana) Rivers, 90 m, 5?02'N, 8?53'E, 4 Mar. 1993, Gereau, Thomas, F. Namata & E. Jato 5180 [infructescences and fallen fruits] (holotype, MO; isotypes, K, P, SCA, YA). Figure 1. Plantae omnino glabrae. Caules adulti parce ramosi; ramis principalibus elongatis, rectis subcurvatisve; ramis lateralibus extra-axillaribus, uncos gerentibus. Folia adulta sessilia, ex formis duabus constantia: folia ramorum principalium remote disposita, ex ellipticis oblonga, basi cuneata, apice rotundata, venis secundariis paucijugis; folia This content downloaded from 18.104.22.168 on Wed, 13 Apr 2016 15:48:30 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Volume 3, Number 4 1993 Thomas & Gereau Ancistrocladus korupensis


Quality control in the secretory pathway limits forward transport of newly synthesized cargo proteins to those that have acquired their fully folded conformation. To determine which organelles participate in this conformation‐dependent sorting process, we analyzed the trafficking of the temperature‐sensitive, thermo‐reversible folding mutant of vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (tsO45 G protein) in VERO cells. Using temperature blocks, the G protein could be localized to the ER (39.5 °C), to the vesiculo‐tubular clusters (VTCs, 15 °C), and to the trans‐Golgi network (TGN, 20 °C). To localize the G protein specifically to ER exit sites, we incubated cells at 10 °C. The exit sites contained Sec13p, a COPII component, and were devoid of calnexin and other ER chaperones. We found that if the G protein in the exit sites was misfolded by a temperature shift from 10 °C to 39.5 °C, it failed to enter the VTCs. Instead, it was returned to the reticular ER where it associated with calnexin. However, if the G protein was in the VTCs or beyond, its folding status no longer affected further transport. The observations indicate that quality control took place in the ER and in the ER transitional elements, but not in the VTCs or the Golgi complex. The results provide a way to discriminate biochemically between exit sites and VTCs, two related structures that are difficult to distinguish from each other.


In the human common history, has experienced the nature worship, the totemism, the ancestor worship and the God worship stage, takes one worldwide basis culture symbiosis, the primitive Nuo culture has in world many areas preserves. This primitive cultural carry-over trace Nuo culture because of its preserved integrity and richness, being possibly called "world treasure". However this non-renewable treasure actually needs our protection today.


This paper aims to evaluate a cutting and processing of wood for pulp in a pulp and paper manufacturing company. The analysis comprised the following items: (1) characterization of time's utilization; (2) quantifying  of  the  theoretical  and  effective   production  capacities; and (3) determination of production costs. The methodology was based in the study of the operational times and capacities  of  production.  The   pauses  due  to  technical  problems are  the gre atest causes of interruptions along with deslocation. According to their nature, these interruptions are supposed to be reduced, and it  would reduce the  increasing of the production   capacity    by   improvement   of operational effectiveness. The operational efficiency was 71,80%. The costs in personal to operate the system represented from 64,30 to 66,47% of the direct costs of operation.


The computation of the three-dimensional compressible flow in a radial-turbine scroll by means of the finite element method is presented in this paper. Research on the potential flow field in the cross sections and the vaneless nozzles of the scroll was carried out. A new computation method, - the iterative method of flow surfaces is recommended for the calculation of the flow field in non-single connected domain. The solution of non-symmetrical stiffness matrix will then be avoided by employing the new method, consequently the amount of computer memory would be decreased.


Content sharing is among the most important features of personal cloud storage. It allows users to easily send files to each other, as well as to perform collaborative work in almost real-time. Content sharing seems to attract users to cloud storage, but it comes with a cost: files need to be spread to many user devices, posing extra workload to servers in the cloud. Which pricing model should providers adopt to offer content sharing while remaining profitable? Answering this question is challenging as many factors affect users' and providers' interests. In this paper we take a first step towards answering it. We propose a payoff function that captures costs and benefits of content sharing for both users and providers. We then apply the function to analyze the feasibility of a new pricing model for content sharing. In this new model, users receive credits if they offer upstream bandwidth for providers. Our preliminary results show that this pricing model is advantageous, leading to an increase on payoff of more than 4% for users and providers.


Moving into urban areas demands concepts for the association with negative impacts on city climate. High-density cities and quarters often cannot provide an aesthetically appealing and healthy environment. Buffer and recreation areas could just hardly be established on sealed underground. In face of these developments facade greenery still lives a shadow existence beside common types of green spaces. Today the potential of vertical vegetation could be better used because of the possible combination of adapted hydroponic plant systems and modern high performance construction materials to standardised modules.


Hyperalgesia may be defined as a state of increased intensity of pain sensation induced by either noxious or ordinarily non-noxious stimulation of peripheral tissue. Hyperalgesia occurs in both superficial and deep tissues, in areas with pain thresholds that are normal, lowered or raised (1, 2). As seen at the bedside there are apparently several varieties of hyperalgesia, and few clinical phenomena are more difficult to understand and to evaluate. The literature on the subject includes work of a distinguished roster of investigators (3-8). As a result of these studies two classes of hyperalgesia have been loosely formulated, namely, that occurring at the site of injury, and that associated with the injury but occurring in undamaged tissue. Failure to outline clearly the characteristics of these two varieties of hyperalgesia has resulted in a controversy as regards the alterations responsible for the hyperalgesia occurring in undamaged tissue. One group holds that this hyperalgesia is attributable to changes in the periphery, whereas the other maintains that changes in the central nervous system are responsible. Due to the lack of quantitative methods of measuring perception, progress has been slow in clarifying an understanding of the underlying mechanisms. This communication is concerned primarily with that cutaneous hyperalgesia occurring in undamaged tissues adjacent to and at some distance from the site of an injury or a site of noxious stimulation.


Effluent from the textile industry contains toxic compounds. These compounds contaminate the surface water, thereby making it unfit for irrigation and drinking. Since farmers use water from the rivers for agricultural purposes and the residents of the town, use both the surface and underground water from the same area as potable water, it is quite unsafe to discharge this effluent into water body. Suspended solids can clog fish gills, either kill them or reduce their growth rate. They also reduce the ability of algae to produce food and oxygen. Therefore, proper treatment of effluent water and enforcement of pollution control by the regulatory authority on the indiscriminate discharge of textile wastewater into water bodies should be done. Batch adsorption experiments using Ashoka leaf powder, a low cost, locally available biomaterial as an adsorbent has been used for removal of cationic dyes such as Methylene blue, Malachite Green, Rhodamine B and Brilliant Green from effluent of textile industry.


Based on analysis of the experience o f success and failure of Nongfushangquan mineral water,this paper point s out that implementation of enterprises' famous -brand strategy should stick to several basic points.Honesty is e ssential for famous -brand product to go into consumers.Famous -brand s trategy can not only depend on advertisement.Famous -brand products need historical accumulation and time to check.Brand extension sh ould not harm original product' s image and lead to psychological con tradiction of consumers.Fa-mous -brand should not be higher pric e but famous -brand should be the prod ucts with higher quality and lower pr ice.


Mobile phone networks are increasingly supporting the transmission of textual message between individuals. In this paper we tried to introduce a new approach for Bangladeshi people who send SMS in Bangla using English alphabets. This approach is mainly applicable for left-handed users but also useful for right handed user. We tried to reduce key strokes and key jamming while writing SMS and faster typing method which is comfortable for thumb movement. We have followed simple frequency calculating algorithm to find frequency of the most used alphabets. We have research on thumb movement and arranged the alphabets in a way which reduced key jamming. In this approach reduction rate of key strokes and key jamming for both handed is 29.16% and 4.727% respectively than the regular system. In comparison with the previous works in this field, our proposed approach is the most efficient for faster typing, reducing key jamming and key strokes.


Nanocrystalline‐diamond (NCD) films have been utilised for the detection of penicillin G for the first time. The developed penicillin‐sensitive biosensor consists of a field‐effect capacitive electrolyte‐diamond‐insulator‐semiconductor (EDIS) structure with an immobilised enzyme layer that covers the gate region of the sensor. Undoped NCD thin films of about 100 nm thickness were grown on a p‐Si‐SiO2 (50 nm thermally grown SiO2) structure by microwave plasma‐enhanced chemical vapour deposition. The enzyme penicillinase has been adsorptively immobilised directly onto the O‐terminated NCD surface. The EDIS biosensors have been characterised in buffer solutions with different content of penicillin G by means of capacitance–voltage and constant‐capacitance method. The developed penicillin biosensor possesses a low detection limit of 5 µM and a high sensitivity of 60–70 mV/decade in a wide linear range of 0.005–2.5 mM penicillin G concentration. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Over the years many ellipse detection algorithms spring up and are studied broadly, while the critical issue of detecting ellipses accurately and efficiently in real-world images remains a challenge. In this paper, an accurate and efficient ellipse detector by arc-support line segments is proposed. The arc-support line segment simplifies the complicated expression of curves in an image while retains the general properties including convexity and polarity, which grounds the successful detection of ellipses. The arc-support groups are formed by iteratively and robustly linking the arc-support line segments that latently belong to a common ellipse at point statistics level. Afterward, two complementary approaches, namely, selecting the group with higher saliency to fit an ellipse, and searching all the valid paired arc-support groups, are utilized to generate the initial ellipse set, both locally and globally. In ellipse fitting step, a superposition principle for the fast ellipse fitting is developed to accelerate the process. Then, the ellipse candidates can be formulated by the hierarchical clustering of 5D parameter space of initial ellipse set. Finally, the salient ellipse candidates are selected as detections subject to the stringent and effective verification. Extensive experiments on three public datasets are implemented and our method achieves the best F-measure scores compared to the state-of-the-art methods.


This article explores the installation Documentation by the artist Parastou Forouhar as an (un)sighted migratory archive of memory and forgetting. Operating in the liminal zone between a personal archive and a resourceful public space of memory and resistance, Documentation records in numerous post-produced letters, documents and reports the assassination of the artist's parents and her efforts to seek justice. Exploring the archive's transformation into an installation, the article discusses its operationality as an archive-as-activist art with its fractured and performative nature, and draws critical attention to the question of how its borders are manifested in the form of resistance and failure.


The Lublin--Strasbourg Drop (LSD) model, which reproduces quite satisfactorily the nuclear fission barriers, has been used as a basis for the thermal shape fluctuation method in order to compute effective GDR shapes of hot nuclei in particular at the regime of Jacobi shape transitions. In particular, the effective GDR width of $^{132}$Ce evolution as a function of angular momentum and temperature was calculated and compared to the existing experimental results. The need of including the effect of compound nucleus lifetime for temperatures higher than 2 MeV is discussed.


This research aimed to study the combination of NIR spectroscopy and machine learning for monitoring chilli sauce adulterated with papaya smoothie. The chilli sauce was produced by the famous community enterprise of chilli sauce processing in Thailand. The ingredients of the chilli sauce consisted of 45% chilli, 25% sugar, 20% garlic, 5% vinegar, and 5% salt. The chilli sauce sample was mixed with ripened papaya (Khaek Dam variety) smoothie with 9 levels from 10 to 90 %w/w. The NIR spectra of pure chilli sauce, papaya smoothie and 9 adulterated chilli sauce samples were recorded using FT-NIR spectrometer in the wavenumber range of 12500 and 4000 cm-1. Three machine learning algorithms were applied to develop a model for monitoring adulterated chilli sauce, including partial least squares regression (PLS), support vector machine (SVM), and backpropagation neural network (BPNN). All model presented performance of prediction in the validation set with R2al = 0.99 while RMSEP of PLS, SVM and BPNN were 1.71, 2.18 and 3.27% w/w respectively. This finding indicated that NIR spectroscopy coupled with machine learning approaches were shown to be an alternative technique to monitor papaya smoothie adulterated in chilli sauce in the global food industry.


The magnetization reversal process in thin Nd/sub 0.1/Co/sub 0.9/ films has been observed using a transmission electron microscope equipped with a special attachment to generate a homogeneous magnetic field in the film plane. When the direction of external field is inclined to the uniaxial anisotropy axis the domain structure, low angle Neel walls and rotations of local magnetization direction are asymmetric. An inhomogeneous distribution of the local magnetization direction inside a ferromagnetic film is a source of the stray field. An analysis of domain configuration indicates that the asymmetric low angle Neel walls are charged and produce strong stray fields perpendicular to the domain walls. In the new phase domains the stray field is positive, while in the old phase this field is negative. The local stray fields modify the incoherent rotations as well as the S-W instability and usually oppose the process of incoherent rotation. The local stray field has been calculated in terms of modified Stoner-Wohlfarth model. >


March 1980, volume 25 The nature of the relationship of organizational size and structure to organizational performance is a major question in macro-organizational theory. This research tests the hypothesized relationships of various measures of government size and number of administrative units to citizens' perceptions of the quality of common public services for 100 different localities in North Carolina. The method includes the construction of a scale of public services that provides a new mode of investigating and evaluating the quality of a range of services. The findings reveal that size of government is positively related to the perceived quality of public services. No significant relationship is found between the number of administrative units in a locality and citizens' perceived quality of services. However, the number of administrative units per capita is significantly and negatively related to quality of services. The findings suggest the consequences that might occur when policy makers decide to reorganize or alter the size of governmental units in response to public pressure for budgetary restraint. Namely, smaller public labor forces and more administrative units per capita would be likely to lower the public's perception of quality in public services.


Tutorials is a part of Problem based learning (PBL) and the key of tutorial is student's prior knowledge that will come out if there is a trigger. Prior knowledge in tutorial is a factor that can influence the effectiveness of tutorial, which also tutorial determined the success of learning in PBL. This study aimed to determine the correlation of prior knowledge in the effectiveness of tutorial on PBl in Faculty of Medicine, Riau University. This research is an analytic research using cross sectional with 123 students of 2016 class in Faculty of Medicine, Riau University. Sample technique using total sampling on September 2018. This research uses Chi Square (p


The paper describes developments in the numerical analysis of metal forming processes mainly motivated by industrial applications. It deals with a complete consideration of the unsteady contact developing between the material and the die, the regeneration of the finite element mesh during the course of the calculation, and with the simulation of superplastic forming processes. In particular, an approach relating both the contact pressure and the friction force to the motion of the material relative to the die surface leads to a convenient computational procedure and to a smooth numerical behaviour under friction. The topological part of the contact algorithm appears well‐suited also for the redefinition of the discretization mesh. As a selected application, superplastic forming is considered in conclusion. Industrial practice requires the adjustment of the forming pressure to a prescribed value of the maximum rate of deformation in the material.


In this paper the radiosensitization of docetaxel on Lewis lung cancer was investigated in vivo. C57BL mice bearing Lewis lung cancer were treated with 207mg/m 2 docetaxel to determine the ability of the drug to induce mitotic arrest and apoptosis in tumor cells. The mice bearing Lewis lung cancer in the right hind leg were locally irradiated with single dose of 10Gy 137 Cs γ rays using small animal irradiator. The results showed that the percentage of arrested cells increased rapidly with the time, achieving its peak of 31.9% 12h after docetaxel administration. Docetaxel also induced apoptosis within 48h. Treated by different doses of docetaxel 12 or 48h prior to irradiation, the tumors grew slowly, the growth inhibition rates of the tumors increased, and the relative growth rates decreased significantly. The q value in every radiosensitizing group ranged from 1.21 to 1.38. These results indicated that docetaxel exerted its radiosensitizing potential by the mechanism of arresting mitosis and inducing apoptosis. This study suggested that docetaxel had a high potential as a successful radiosensitizer in the clinic treatment of lung cancer.


113 Background: The soluble form of the VEGFR2 receptor (sVEGFR2) neutralizes circulating VEGF, and functions as a negative feedback mechanism to enable partial inhibition of VEGF-stimulated endothelial cell migration and proliferation. In response to inhibition of VEGFR2 tyrosine kinase activity, up-regulation of VEGF expression and down-regulation of sVEGFR2 expression levels have been observed (Murukesh et al., 2010). Telatinib (tel) is a novel orally available kinase inhibitor that is highly selective for the VEGFR, PDGFR, and KIT tyrosine kinases at nanomolar concentrations with potent antiangiogenic activity. Correlation between telatinib exposure and reduction in plasma sVEGFR2 levels from baseline has previously been demonstrated in patient serum samples in phase I studies.

METHODS
TEL0805, a phase II study administered tel with capecitabine (X) and cisplatin (P) in previously untreated metastatic or unresectable gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma pts. Patient serum samples were obtained on day -7, [6 plasma samples (pre-dose, and at 30 min, 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours)] and on day 1, [4 plasma samples (pre-dose and at 1, 2 and 3 hours)] and evaluated for the levels of telatinib and its M2 metabolite (M2). Additional serum samples were collected every 42 days and evaluated for VEGF and sVEGFR2 levels.

RESULTS
Measurement of tel and M2 levels confirmed previous pharmacokinetic findings and demonstrated no drug accumulation following continuous daily dosing. Baseline plasma sVEGFR2 levels have previously not been reported for advanced gastric cancer patients and displayed a wide range at disease presentation. Reduction in sVEGFR2 levels were noted for nearly all treated patients and correlated with the duration of stay on tel therapy.

CONCLUSIONS
Telatinib continuous dosing is possible in combination with XP with little effect on tel exposure or accumulation. Reduction in sVEGFR2 levels may be useful in identifying patients who may benefit from tel treatment in this combination setting. [Table: see text].


The contribution of multiply scattered photons to signals from a spaceborne backscatter signal is investigated. Monte Carlo calculations are performed for different atmospheric conditions and for different lidar configurations. It is found out that multiple scattering signals in most cases can accurately be described by a very simple approximation. It is concluded that the process of multiple scattering will be no drawback for the application of spaceborne lidars. In contrary, the transparency of clouds is enhanced so that lidar signals can fully penetrate cirrus clouds, even cirrostratus layers. As a consequence, clouds below a cirrus can be observed which would be obscured if only single scattering would occur.


Review of investment literature the taxation of export-related income methodology - tests for structural change data concepts, definitions, methodology and sources investment data analysis, estimation and results conclusions, implications and qualifications.


Fernández-Maldonado A. M., Romein A., Verkoren O. and Parente Paula Pessoa R. Polycentric structures in Latin American metropolitan areas: identifying employment sub-centres, Regional Studies. The significant spatial transformations that have occurred within Latin American metropolitan areas since the 1990s have triggered many local studies claiming the formation of polycentric structures. This study explores the extent of that process, identifying sub-centres of employment using the double threshold methodology of job concentration and employment density in Mexico City (Mexico), Lima (Peru) and Fortaleza (Brazil). The results, although partial due to an absence of data on informal employment, indicate that Latin American metropolises are moving towards polycentric structures. But the identified employment sub-centres are mostly located in or near the metropolitan core, which practically excludes the formation of polycentric nodes in the metropolitan periphery.


This paper witnesses the development of a new algorithm which is mainly based upon fractional derivatives to obtain solutions of generalized Abel's integral equations. It is observed that the proposed scheme is extremely simple, highly effective, utmost accurate and can be extended to other singular problems.


The Anatomy of the Aortic Valvar Complex Robert H. Anderson, Anton Becker, and Nicolo Piazza Accumulation of Worldwide Experience with Postmortem Studies of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation-What Should We Be Avoiding? Renu Virmani, Raoul Bonan, Gaku Nakazawa, St'ephane Noble, Anita Asgar, and Marc Vorpahl Imaging-How Can It Help Before Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation? Victoria Delgado, Laurens F. Tops, Frank van der Kley, Joanne D. Schuijf, Martin J. Schalij, and Jeroen J. Bax Risk Stratification for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation A. Pieter Kappetein, Menno van Gameren, Ad J. J. C. Bogers, and Nicolo Piazza Patient Selection-Risk Assessment and Anatomical Selection Criteria for Patients Undergoing Transfemoral Aortic Valve Implantation with the Edwards SAPIEN Prosthetic Heart Valve Itsik Ben Dor, Lowell Satler, Ron Waksman, and Augusto Pichard Patient Selection for the CoreValve ReValving System Nicolo Piazza, Peter de Jaegere, Yoshinobu Onuma, Patrick W. Serruys, and Ganesh Manoharan CoreValve ReValving System for Percutaneous Aortic Valve Replacement Rob Michiels The Edwards SAPIEN Transcatheter Aortic Heart Valve System Jodi Akin and Pooja Sharma Anesthesia for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation F. J. Orellana Ramos and J. Hofland Tips and Tricks during the Procedure: Options for Vascular Access (Femoral, Subclavian, Transaortic, and Transapical) Jean-Claude Laborde and Rudiger Lange Percutaneous Placement and Removal of Large Diameter Femoral Artery Sheaths with the Prostar XL Device Lukas C. van Dijk, Peter M. T. Pattynama, Peter de Jaegere, Jurgen M. R. Ligthart, Patrick W. Serruys, and Joke M. Hendriks Intraprocedural Imaging: Percutaneous Aortic Valve Replacement Samir R. Kapadia and E. Murat Tuzcu Tips and Tricks for Crossing the Aortic Valve with a Guidewire (Retrograde Approach) Alain Cribier and Helene Eltchaninoff Preimplantation Percutaneous Aortic Balloon Valvotomy (Retrograde Approach) Alain Cribier and Helene Eltchaninoff Advancing the Delivery System across the Aorta and Valve (Edwards SAPIEN Valve) Peter C. Block, Vasilis Babaliaros, and Zahid Junagadhwalla Advancing the Delivery System across the Aorta and Valve (CoreValve) Eberhard Grube, Ulrich Gerckens, Georg Latsios, and Lutz Buellesfeld Implantation of the CoreValve ReValving System Peter de Jaegere, Nicolo Piazza, A. Tzikas, Carl Schultz, Robert Jan van Geuns, and Patrick W. Serruys Implantation of the Edwards SAPIEN Valve Fabian Nietlispach and John G. Webb Transapical Aortic Valve Implantation-Procedural Steps Thomas Walther, Jorg Kempfert, and Todd Dewey Complications at the Time of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Jean-Claude Laborde, Sabine Bleiziffer, and Rudiger Lange Acute and Early Complications of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation with the Balloon-Expandable Edwards System Jean-Bernard Masson and John G. Webb Complications of Transapical Aortic Valve Implantation: Tips and Tricks to Avoid Failure Jian Ye, Anson Cheung, John G. Webb, and Samuel V. Lichtenstein ICU Care Axel Linke and Gerhard Schuler Postdischarge and Follow-Up Care Dominique Himbert, Gregory Ducrocq, and Alec Vahanian Tips and Tricks for Imaging Percutaneously Implanted Aortic Valve Prostheses Carl Schultz, Nicolo Piazza, Robert Jan van Geuns, P. de Feyter, Patrick W. Serruys, and Peter de Jaegere Appendix 1: Second-Generation Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implant System Reginald Low Appendix 2: Direct Flow Medical Reginald Low Appendix 3: Heart Leaflet Technologies, Inc., Transcatheter Aortic Valve Spencer H. Kubo, John Gainor, William Mirsch, Richard Schroeder, Jonas Runquist, and Robert F. Wilson Appendix 4: Sadra Medical Lotus Valve System Ken Martin, Amr Salaheih, Jill Amstutz, and Leah Lepak Appendix 5: The JenaValve Technology Hans Figulla Index


This paper examines the current state of air and water pollution in Korean urban communities. Then, this paper describes the policies of the Korean government in protecting the environment from pollution. This paper also discusses the types and activities of the non-government organizations (NGOs). Specifically, this paper emphasizes the role of the NGOs in protecting the environment and educating the importance of the environment to the public.


The paper analyzes the logistics capacity in circular economic zone,defines the following factors as logistics volume,logistics flow,utilization factor of logistics capability,logistics intensity,etc.which are closely related to the logistics capacity and based on this,the computation model of logistics capability in circular economic zone is built.And the method of how to improve the utilization rate of logistics resources is discussed.