The paper investigates the situation in organic sector and market development in Bulgaria as a part of the European Union. The investigation is based on the work with farmers applying for support or implementing business plans under a measure of the national rural development program for setting up of holdings of young farmers. In addition, a set of criteria for assessment of organic sector market development in the country was made which were discussed on a round table discussion and expert opinion was collected. The study poses and discusses some important issues on the organic farm profitability and the influence of the European and the state support. In the process of this study some conclusions were made concerning the importance as motivation issue and marketing planning in organic production. On the basis of the investigations made, the paper makes a proposal for making marketing strategies in organic production holdings (farms) considering the four elements of marketing mix – product, price, place and promotion.


This paper is concerned with a supervisory control strategy for a series hybrid electric vehicle (SHEV). The powertrain of the SHEV consists of an engine/generator and an electrical storage system (ESS) in which not only a battery but also an ultra-capacitor is incorporated. There is a detailed configuration that the ultra-capacitor is connected to a bi-directional dc-dc converter for being controlled actively whereas the battery is directly tied to the electric floating bus. In order to achieve several objectives such as extending battery life by slowing battery current level variation strategy among a engine, a battery and a ultra-capacitor based on a power follower control plus frequency distribution strategy. A signal processing technique is introduced for the decomposition of the electrical power demand into command signals to control engine power and ultra-capacitor power while the battery responds autonomously to the residue of power demand. A forward simulation model is built in Cruise® and MATLAB/Simulink®. The Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed sstrategy.


A hierarchical cloud infrastructure involving cloud, cluster, and node controllers is the most preferred deployment architecture by the cloud providers since it helps them to achieve the desired scalability and geographical distribution. In this architecture, the cloud controller indirectly controls a large number of node controllers through a few cluster controllers. A Virtual Machine (VM) placement algorithm, therefore, should provide for intelligent cluster selection before node selection. To the best of our knowledge, there is no VM placement algorithm available that has addressed this issue. In this paper, we propose a new VM placement algorithm that intelligently selects the appropriate cluster, and then a node inside the cluster. We use multi-criteria-decision-analysis (MCDA) technique for this purpose. Simulation results have confirmed the superior performance of our algorithm.


In this paper, we examine the problem of the self-synchronizing chaotic receiver, extracting the parameters of the transmitter system from the available transmitted signals and thereby achieving synchronization. Ascertaining the parameter equality will be an important issue in any practical implementation of a chaotic communication system. We define a cost function whose iterative minimization allows the receiver to extract the parameters. The method is illustrated for the Lorenz system and two coupled Lorenz systems. Last, we suggest chaotic multiplexing as a possible application of the method. @S1063-651X~97!01707-8# PACS number~s!: 05.45.1b, 43.72.1q The self-synchronization property possessed by a class of chaotic systems @1,2# has been of great interest recently, especially due to its possible application to communications @3#. The synchronization requires that the parameters characterizing the transmitter dynamical system be closely matched in the receiver system. By synchronization, we mean that the receiver follows the transmitter exactly, termed identical synchronization ~IS! in @11#. Unless explicitly stated, we will refer to IS as synchronization. In this paper, we illustrate a simple method that enables the receiver, initially ignorant of the transmitter parameters, to extract transmitter parameters to achieve synchronization. The transmitter dynamical system, with the exception of the parameters to be estimated, is assumed to be known to the receiver. The signals available at the receiver are the driving or transmitted signals that enable it to synchronize with the chaotic signals evolving at the transmitter if the parameters of the transmitter and the receiver match. Let the transmitter be given by x ˙ 5f~ x,at!,


Does the within-household distribution of income influence household consumption patterns? In one attempt to answer this question, Lundberg, Pollak and Wales (1997) exploited the 'natural experiment' of a change in family benefits in the UK. They found that the within-household income distribution did have a significant impact on expenditure. This paper exploits a similar natural experiment in Australia. During the 1990s, unemployment benefits for unemployed married couples changed from being paid almost entirely to husbands, to being paid primarily to wives. Using household expenditure data it is found that, although the changes in the within-household income distribution were large, the changes in expenditure patterns were small and not in the expected direction. The data do not, therefore, provide support for the hypothesis that women's control over household expenditure was increased. The paper concludes with a discussion of the possible reasons for this. (JEL J10, J12, I38)


Residential Tourism is a new and interesting phenomena to study in Ecuador. As the last years have been witness of the aging of the baby-boom generation, economic crisis and the advance of cheaper and faster ways of travel and communications, more people in retirement age are settling in more affordable locations abroad. Ecuador has received significant media attention, positioned on the first places from the last 15 years in International Living Magazine's ranking of 'world's best retirement destination'. This has increased the number of retired migration from North America mainly. I coin the term 'Residential Tourism' used by McWatters to refer to this phenomenon. The objective of this study is to understand experiences and practices of residential tourists related to local traditional festivals in Cuenca, and how these experiences and
practices relate to transnationalism and place attachment. A qualitative approach has been chosen to understand the meanings and outcomes, and the connections that such practices and experiences have in various aspects of life. Two methods were used to complete this study, semistructured interviews to 18 residential tourists in Cuenca, and participant observations during the festivals in order to complement and detect relevant findings not collected in the interviews.


The inhibitory action of ƒÁ-aminobutyric acid (GAB) on CNS was first noted by Hayashi et al. (1). Later, Elliott and Florey (2) found that GAB constituted an active principle of the "Factor I", an extract of the brain tissue which was found to block impulse generation in the stretch receptor neurone of the crayfish. McLennan (3) compared some physiological properties of GAB with those of "Factor I". Purpura, Girado and Grundfest (4, 5) made use of this substance to investigate a neuronal organization of the cerebral and the cerebellar cortex in cats. Studying the effects of GAB on the cat's cerebral cortex, Iwama and Jasper (6) have shown that GAB suppresses selectively negative components of spontaneous and evoked electrical activity. This result was attributed by these authors to a selective depressant action of GAB upon the structures in the most superficial layers of cortex. Their conclusion was mainly based upon an experiment in which no remarkable changes could be found in the activity at the deeper layers of the cortex when GAB was applied thereto with a microinjection technique. In this paper, experimental findings are reported which suggest that GAB, when applied to the cortical surface in a high concentration, can penetrate into the deeper layers and suppress the activity thereof in a characteristic way. A preliminary account has been published in Japanese (7).


This research aims to improve: 1) learning process in writing the traditional Javanese song, and 2) the ability of learning process in writing Javanese song lyrics through the application of paraphrase technique based on short story to high school students. This research uses the design of class activity research (CAR). The subjects of this research are the java language teacher and 2 grade science students of Senior High School 1 Tunjungan, Blora, and Central Java. The data collecting is done using the technique of observation, interview, document investigation, and knowledge test in writing Javanese song lyrics, and the data analysis uses the comparative descriptive. The result of this research showed that the technique could improve the learning process quality and ability of learning in writing Javanese song lyrics using paraphrase technique based on short story prasiklus to the first cycle and from cycle I to cycle II. It can be conclude that: (1) learning by using paraphrase based on Javanese short story can increase the learning process quality that before the action amounted to 46%, the first cycle of 71% and a second cycle of 92% (2) learning by using paraphrase based on Javanese short story can enhance students' ability to write a traditional Javanese song lyrics of XI IPA 4 senior high school 1 Tunjungan, Blora. Increased ability seen from the students' work before action by 19%, 59% first cycle and the second cycle as much as 85%.


points out, from the fact that exchange has too often been considered from the point of view of the quantity of goods found at given sites away from the sources, i.e. from a consumption aspect. Basing herself on a systemic postulate whereby exchange is but one aspect of an economic system involving also the acquisition of the raw material and the production of tools, Torrence proposes a model based on production that can be used in regional studies as well as source studies or site-specific studies. The various types of exchange are ranked according to the amount of competition between partners: the more competitive and profit-oriented an exchange system, the more control there will be on the sources and the more cost-control devices in the production itself (this leads to criteria by which craft-production and mass-production may be identified). Specific implications of both aspects are given, such as defence structures at the quarries, simplification of the technology, standardization of products, etc. This model is tested on a wide array of ethnographical and historical cases, ranging from simple direct procurement to complex quasi-industrial production of gun-flints. This review sets out several little-known examples of stone-tool quarrying, production and exchange, and provides firm grounds for the suggested model, especially in its aspects dealing with production. The latter is then applied to the case-study, obsidian trade in neolithic and bronze-age Greece, in a three-step study: first, a regional study (based on technological criteria rather than mere abundance); secondly, an evaluation of the production of the so-called 'specialized work-shops' from Mallia, Knossos and Phylakopi; and finally an impressive sample-study of the obsidian quarries on Milos. None of the results, taken independently or in conjunction, meet the expectation for 'down-theline', balanced exchange or for specialized commercial trade, the prevalent interpretations in this case. Torrence therefore concludes that direct procurement was the rule in both periods. If one has to be critical, it could be pointed out that the data-base is not completely adequate to consider this conclusion as final. The small number of series available for the regional study as well as the absence of possible chronostratigraphy in the Milos deposits do not allow for the examination of regional and diachronical variability; only two chronological groups are distinguished, Neolithic and Bronze Age. One can wonder whether the lack of clear patterning in the data (which leads to the general adoption of the 'direct procurement' hypothesis) may not be partly due to the effect of grouping together in one analytical unit several different systems, operating simultaneously andlor successively. This word of caution, based on my own experience of the Greek Neolithic, is not aimed at invalidating the basic conclusion of this work, but rather at pointing out, as does Torrence herself in her last chapter, what might be 'new avenues of research'. Direct procurement indicates there was free access to the sources but does not explain why the obsidian was circulating under various forms, nor does it specify who were the persons who came and took away the obsidian: the consumers themselves, middle-men, part-time or full-time specialists? Within the broad conceptual framework of 'direct procurement', there is still ample space for variability. In fact, such differences are hinted at in Torrence's own work, which shows that her model is welladapted to the data, and sensitive. Therefore, her work can be considered as a break-through on both theoretical and practical grounds, and it will certainly prove itself of great value to all those interested in problems of prehistoric trade and craftspecialization, whatever the kind of product involved. CATHERINE PERLES Departement d'ethnologie, Universite de Paris X,


Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is an efficient extraction technique for the separation of various organic compounds from herbs, or more generally, from plant materials. As cultivate plant (plant from plantation) Helichrysum italicum from municipality Novi Grad was used in this research. The influence of pressure on total extract yield at flow rate 53.5 dm3 /h (calculated at normal state), for extraction time 3 h was investigated. Extraction was performed by supercritical carbon dioxide at different pressures (80, 150, 250 and 350 bar) and constant temperature of 40°C. The extraction yield increase from 0.35 to 5.71% (g/100g drug) by pressure increasing of supercritical extraction by carbon dioxide (isothermal process, t = 40°C). Essential oil content in obtained CO2 extracts was from 6.70 to 31.12%. The highest content of essential oil was in CO2 extract obtained by extraction of drug at p = 80 bar and t = 40°C (31.12%). Qualitative and quantitative determination of CO2 extracts obtained at pressure of 80 and 350 bar as well as of essential oils obtained from extracts, were performed using GC - MS method. The main component were tritriacontane (27.13%) and nonacosane (13.28%). The dominant component in essential oils obtained from extracts was γ – curcumene (28.27 and 27.42%, respectively).


Energy storage, primarily in the form of lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery systems, is growing by leaps and bounds. Analyst Wood Mackenzie forecasts nearly 12 GWh of deployments in 2021 in the United States alone. Installations of more than 100 MW and hundreds of megawatthours are becoming commonplace.


STUDY QUESTION
Does the metabolomic profile of the follicular fluid (FF) of patients with a diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) differ from that of patients with a normal ovarian reserve (NOR)?

SUMMARY ANSWER
The metabolomic signature of the FF reveals a significant decrease in polyunsaturated choline plasmalogens and methyl arginine transferase activity in DOR patients compared to NOR patients.

WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY
The composition of the FF reflects the exchanges between the oocyte and its microenvironment during its acquisition of gametic competence. Studies of the FF have allowed identification of biomarkers and metabolic pathways involved in various pathologies affecting oocyte quality, but no large metabolomic analysis in the context of ovarian ageing and DOR has been undertaken so far.

STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION
This was an observational study of the FF retrieved from 57 women undergoing in vitro fertilization at the University Hospital of Angers, France, from November 2015 to September 2016. The women were classified in two groups: one including 28 DOR patients, and the other including 29 NOR patients, serving as controls.

PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS
Patients were enrolled in the morning of oocyte retrieval after ovarian stimulation. Once the oocytes were isolated for fertilization and culture, the FF was pooled and centrifuged for analysis. A targeted quantitative metabolomic analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, and the Biocrates Absolute IDQ p180 kit. The FF levels of 188 metabolites and several sums and ratios of metabolic significance were assessed by multivariate and univariate analyses.

MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE
A total of 136 metabolites were accurately quantified and used for calculating 23 sums and ratios. Samples were randomly divided into training and validation sets. The training set, allowed the construction of multivariate statistical models with a projection-supervised method, i.e. orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), applied to the full set of metabolites, or the penalized least absolute shrinkage and selection operator with logistic regression (LASSO-LR), applied to the ratios and sums of the metabolites. Both multivariate models showed good predictive performances when applied to the validation set. The final penalized model retained the three most significant variables, i.e. the total dimethylarginine-to-arginine ratio (Total DMA/Arginine), the sum of the polyunsaturated choline plasmalogens (PUFA ae), and the patient's age. The negative coefficients of Total DMA/Arginine and PUFA ae indicated that these FF variables had lower values in DOR patients than in NOR patients.

LARGE SCALE DATA
N/A.

LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION
This study presents two limitations. First, with this targeted metabolomics analysis, we have explored only a limited portion of the FF metabolome. Second, although the signature found was highly significant, the mechanism underlying the dysfunction remains undetermined.

WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS
The understanding of the mechanisms implied in ovarian ageing is essential for providing an adequate response to affected women desiring pregnancy. Our study proposes an incoming signature that may open new paths towards this goal.

STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S)
This study was supported by the University Hospital of Angers, the University of Angers, and the French national research centers, INSERM and the CNRS. There were no competing interests.


This report is a view from Fermilab of Mexican particle physics at the Laboratory since about 1980; it is not intended to be a history of Mexican particle physics: that topic is outside the expertise of the writer. The period 1980 to the present coincides with the growth of Mexican experimental particle physics from essentially no activity to its current state where Mexican groups take part in experiments at several of the world's major laboratories.


Botanicals, viz. neem oil, castor oil and mentha oil and insecticides, viz. emamectin benzoate, spinosad and deltamethrin were evaluated for their efficacy against Callosobruchus chinensis on stored pigeon pea seeds in gunny and HDPE bags. After six months of storage, emamectin benzoate @ 40.0 mg/kg of seed recorded minimum mean beetle population (18.66 and 18.33, respectively). Seed weight loss was also significantly lowest with emamectin benzoate treatment in both gunny and HDPE bags (10.05 and 6.18%, respectively).


In 1975 Truswell and Co workers reported that more than 150 different printed diet sheets were in use in diabetic clinics in Britain. They found that diabetic dietary advice varied between individual consultants more than insulin or drug treatment.' Variation of dietary policies between countries is likely to be even greater. The dietary practices of diabetic patients are mainly influenced by the content and quality of diet education.* Diabetes centres are supposed to be able to apply diet strategies that are based on a proven benefit for the patients. In order to make a first appraisal of the dietary management of diabetes in Europe a survey was conducted among 45 experts from 12 European countries. The objective was to compare and contrast the prescribed diets in European diabetes centres to answer the following questions:


We present a decisive test to probe the young pulsar origin of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) within the next decade, with the IceCube neutrino detector. Pulsars, especially for those spinning close to millisecond periods at birth, are good candidate sources for the production of UHECRs. We demonstrated that it is possible with the extragalactic pulsar population to explain the measurements of the Auger Observatory consistently. Here we calculate the diffusive neutrino flux, produced inevitably while particles cross the supernova ejecta, associated with this pulsar scenario. We predict that the pulsar population should produce a diffusive neutrino flux that lies considerably above the IceCube-5 years sensitivity in the 10^18 eV energy range, and is below the current IceCube sensitivity. Even in the most pessimistic case, one expects a minimum flux of neutrinos, detectable with IceCube within a decade. This conclusion stands for any pulsar scenario that explains the UHECR data, regardless of the uncertainties on UHECR production.


This paper analyzes the contributions of spudcan-soil interaction to jack-up storm in-place added in ABS MODU Rules 2008. Based on one typical Jack-up working platform in 300 ft water depth, the paper compares the two storm in-place strength, constraint of hinged support and spudcan-soil with SACS. And also the effects of soil-spudcan interaction to jack-up storm in-place are analyzed.


- The availability of dedicated, high brightness synchrotron radia tion sources is leading to many improvements in x-ray diffraction techniques. In addition to the widely discussed polychromatic energy dispersive tech niques, significant advances can be made by the use of monochromatic radiation in either angle- or wavelength-scanning. The application of these techniques, being developed at Daresbury, for high pressure investigations is outlined. The availability of synchrotron radiation has provided considerable advances in high pressure x-ray diffraction. Synchrotron radiation sources yield a smooth con tinuum of electromagnetic radiation from x-ray to far-infrared wavelengths. The radiation can be shifted towards shorter wavelengths by utilising insertion devices such as wigglers. The SRS wiggler has a critical wavelength X = 0.93 A and the useful radiation extends to 0.2 A. Synchrotron radiation is of very high intensity, is highly collimated and is polarized in the plane of the ring. These desirable characteristics may be exploited for x-ray diffraction work with samples under high pressures in diamond anvil cells (d.a.c's).


This book focuses on the first stages of Soloveitchik's philosophy, through a systematic and detailed discussion of his essay Halakhic Man. Schwartz successfully exposes hidden layers in Halakhic Man, which may not be immediately evident.


Different strategies bus lane priority has been a topic of investigation in past decade, and various methods have been developed to improve public transport efficiency. One of the main concerns is the performance of bus service by intermittent bus lane (IBL) or bus lane with intermittent priorities (BLIPs). However, the application of these methods is very difficult, therefore always used simulation at the preliminary stage. In turn, such models must take into account the additional data to activate the priority lanes and traffic lights. This paper describes results of using microsimulation for evaluation of intermittent bus lane (IBL) operation. The objective of this study is to know advantage and limitation of the IBL at different background traffic volume. Simulations and experimental data were used to compare different scenarios for IBL and without IBL. Bus speed, speed of general traffic, traffic flow, delay was measured to evaluate effectiveness of IBL.


In Jouini and Kallal [Jouini, E., Kallal, H., 1995. Martinagles and arbitrage in securities markets with transaction costs. Journal of Economic Theory 66 (1) 178-197], the authors characterized the absence of arbitrage opportunities for contingent claims with cash delivery in the presence of bid–ask spreads. Other authors obtained similar results for a more general definition of the contingent claims but assuming some specific price processes and transaction costs rather than bid–ask spreads in general (see for instance, Cvitanic and Karatzas [Cvitanic, J., Karatzas, I., 1996. Hedging and portfolio optimization under transaction costs: a martinangle approach. Mathematical Finance 6, 133-166]). The main difference consists of the fact that the bid–ask ratio is constant in this last reference. This assumption does not permit to encompass situations where the prices are determined by the buying and selling limit orders or by a (resp. competitive) specialist (resp. market-makers). We derive in this paper some implications from the no-arbitrage assumption on the price functionals that generalizes all the previous results in a very general setting. Indeed, under some minimal assumptions on the price functional, we prove that the prices of the contingent claims are necessarily in some minimal interval. This result opens the way to many empirical analyses. © 2000 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.


Abstract This article describes how the World Wide Web (WWW) is being used as a tool to improve three classes in the College of Business at Oregon State University. The examples illustrate how other business professors could use the WWW to communicate information about classes, publish teaching materials, teach students to build WWW pages, and test students' skills. The course-specific objectives achieved in these classes included students learning (a) about Internet, World Wide Web, and hypertext; (b) more about one specific subject area; and (c) the rules of copyright law. The WWW projects also support general learning objectives to develop students' organizational skills, writing and presentation skills, ability to coordinate with others, meeting deadlines, and learning to think ahead.


The construction of a semiclassical multichannel scattering matrix in the matching approximation is discussed. The accuracy of the matching approximation is demonstrated by comparison of the calculated semiclassical fine-structure transition probability P12 to 3/2/(b) with the rigorous quantum calculation of Reid and Rankin (see ibid., vol.11, p.55 (1978)) for the Li(2Pj)-He system.


The operating experience of the Shippingport nuclear power station is analyzed with respect to the questions of whether or not it would work and whether or not it could be integrated into a utility system. The reactor makes combined use of uranium oxide pellets and U/sup 235/ and is called a seeded reactor. The expected life of the 32 original seed elements is calculated to be 3000 full-power hours, as compared with the actual life of 5806 full-power hours. The reactor and plant and their operation is briefiy described, particularly the safety precautions. One of two safety shutdown relays misfunctioned and was replaced, and criticality was attained Rec. 2, 1957. Leaks were found in some of the boiler tubes, and corrective means were taken, e.g., additional risers and prevention of free alkalinity in the boiler water. In the first 3500 hr, the reactor had faat start-up and shutdowm performance and could reach 20 and 60 Mw(e) from zero power in 1 and 20 min, respectively. After 3500 hr the reactor could be operated only as a base load unit; If the load was lost, the reactor had to remain shutdown for approximately 40 hr to permit xenon to decay. Duringmore » the last 5% of the seed-element life, load could not be dropped even a few Mw and permit operations to continue. The reactor was shutdown for seed-element replacement on Oct. 7, 1959, after 5806 full-power hours of operation. Blanket element failure is discussed. During full-power operation in Apr. 1958, a failed blanket element was indicated by high coolant activity, peaking of fission- product activity after start-up, continued release of iodine fission products after shutdown, and finally detection by a coolant sampling and monitoring system. (D.L.C.)« less


Significance The ongoing pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) raises an important question: who should we vaccinate first? Answering this question requires an analysis of both the short-term (epidemiological) and the long-term (evolutionary) consequences of targeted vaccination strategies. We analyze the speed of pathogen adaptation and the cumulative number of deaths in heterogeneous host populations to shed light on the effects of alternative vaccination strategies. This analysis shows that minimizing the speed of pathogen adaptation does not always minimize the number of deaths. This evaluation of both the epidemiological and evolutionary consequences of public health policies provides a practical tool to identify the best vaccination strategy. The limited supply of vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) raises the question of targeted vaccination. Many countries have opted to vaccinate older and more sensitive hosts first to minimize the disease burden. However, what are the evolutionary consequences of targeted vaccination? We clarify the consequences of different vaccination strategies through the analysis of the speed of viral adaptation measured as the rate of change of the frequency of a vaccine-adapted variant. We show that such a variant is expected to spread faster if vaccination targets individuals who are likely to be involved in a higher number of contacts. We also discuss the pros and cons of dose-sparing strategies. Because delaying the second dose increases the proportion of the population vaccinated with a single dose, this strategy can both speed up the spread of the vaccine-adapted variant and reduce the cumulative number of deaths. Hence, strategies that are most effective at slowing viral adaptation may not always be epidemiologically optimal. A careful assessment of both the epidemiological and evolutionary consequences of alternative vaccination strategies is required to determine which individuals should be vaccinated first.


27 all limit determined by the quantum-coherence time of the 199Hg+ ions and the characteristic stability time of the microwave source. The following results have been reported from experiments performed on a LITS to demonstrate these modifications: The best short-term fractional frequency instability achieved with a typical microwave-interrogation time of 6 s in the unmodified bimodal lamp cycle was between 7 and 10 × 10–14τ–1/2, where τ is the averaging (observation) time in seconds. The use of the modified lamp mode and a microwave-interrogation time of 30 s resulted in a short-term fractional instability of 5 and 10 × 10–14τ–1/2. To put these numbers in perspective, it was calculated that the time for the LITS to settle to a fractional frequency instability of 10–16 would be about 8.4 days without the modifications or 2.9 days with the modifications. This work was done by Eric Burt and Robert Tjoelker of Caltech for NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. For more information, contact email@example.com. NPO-44271


Abstract Many empirical studies that inform research, policy and practice surrounding hazards and risk and concerned with how members of the public perceive risk. However, these studies often assess perceived risk using a diverse range of either very general measures or measures of specific subsidiary concepts (for instance, the severity of consequences or the likelihood of occurrence). Previous research by Wilson and others has suggested that perceived risk is best understood and measured as a multidimensional construct that includes beliefs about the likelihood and severity of consequences and the feelings or affect elicited by the hazard. The research presented here extends the work of Wilson et al. by separating the likelihood of consequences into two components that denote the likelihood of the occurrence of a hazard (exposure) and the likelihood of experiencing consequences given exposure (susceptibility). This research replicates findings from Wilson et al. that perceived risk is best conceived of as a multidimensional construct and that affective responses are a primary driver of holistic judgments of both personal and general risk across a variety of hazards. We find that perceptions of susceptibility explain unique variance in holistic judgments of risk, however the importance of the susceptibility concept differs across hazards and across judgments of personal and general risk. These results suggest that measures of susceptibility can meaningfully increase our ability to understand the beliefs that underlie perceptions of the risk posed by a diverse range of hazards. This suggests that developing measures including susceptibility can provide unique opportunities to improve risk communication and risk management policy outcomes.


The culture of administrative self-accusation consists of two kinds of key elements: the subjectivity with special connotation and the regulatory.The good culture of administrative self-accusation has a function of maintaining,preventing,educating and integrating etc.in building a harmonious society.In cultivating the culture of administrative self-accusation,we should advance the modernization of political civilization and administrative culture actively;develop the civil servant's modern quality;accelerate the institutionalized,legal construction of the administrative self-accusation;foster a better society and political environment and promote the construction of a responsible government.


This paper focuses on the image of picture-linguistics as a new discipline, and its development trends and prospects. Objects of study of the linguistic-image-analysis are the images in the context of a certain language in actual use. I start from the basic question of whether and how the images "can talk" and in which relations to texts they are (see Big 2011). I try to perform a linguistic description of the complexity of creating "language-images" and argue that the images and language-image complexes represent a qualitative expansion of communicative acts. The analyze will be also based on my practical experience and the use of images in the process of teaching a foreign language with the students studying German as a foreign language as an elective course at the University "Goce Delcev" in Stip.


Microbial activity is the cause of a variety of problems in water injection systems, e.g., microbial corrosion, plugging, and biofouling. Efficient monitoring of Saudi Aramco's vast water injection system requires the development of online and automated technologies for monitoring microbial activities in the system. A previous system review and technology screening has identified five single-analyte strategies [1], which were evaluated in this study with a laboratory-scale setup to determine their applicability for automated determination of microbial activity in the injection water system. Four of the five single-analyte measuring principles tested in the laboratory setup were deemed less suitable for automation and/or reliable for use in the detection of microbial activity in the company injection water system. These four principles were: luminescence assay for adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP), detection and electrochemical measurements of H2S, determination of pH by electrochemical sensor, and measurement of oxidation-reduction potential (ORP). The strategy of staining cells with fluorescent DNA dyes, followed by quantification of fluorescence signals, was identified to hold, with proper optimization of DNA staining and fluorescence detection, a very promising potential for integration in automated, online sensors for microbial activity in the injection water system.


In this paper, we study the feasibility of Automated Computer-Based Procedure(ACBP) System for Remote Operation System of Nuclear Power Plant(NPP) as long-term research theme. And we present similar and related researches that are fulfilled at I&C laboratory in nuclear department of KAIST. Remote monitoring system using network of NPP is already designed and built in some NPP.. This research try to add remote operation function to that system, so operator can perform real-time monitoring and control NPP at distance place by using network and web browser without special instruments. But this system has some serious problem. Because it uses network, it cannot guarantee faultless in network accident status. Therefore this research suggests Automated Computer-Based Procedure System to support remote operation which offers solution for network problems. In case network was out of other in emergency situation, so operator cannot connect to NPP, ACBP operate NPP itself. There are 4 persons in Main Control Room(MCR) of NPP : Senior Reactor Operator(SRO), Reactor Operator(RO), Turbine Operator(TO) and Electrical Operator(EO). SRO receives signals of NPP and diagnoses current status of NPP and decides suitable actions for NPP by procedures. ACBP do roles of SRO in such situation.


He had a fever to 101.2 F and hypoxia requiring 2 L/min supplemental oxygen by nasal cannula. B Introduction: b E-cigarette or vaping product use associated lung injury (EVALI) is a recently described acute or subacute respiratory illness due to inhalation of toxic e-cigarette ingredients. Symptoms can include shortness of breath, cough, fever, chills, and gastrointestinal symptoms. [Extracted from the article] Copyright of Critical Care Medicine is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)


Less developed countries depend to a great extent on the more developed countries for growth and development. They depend on the more developed countries to purchase most of the output of their principal products and services-sugar and bananas, for example, the two principal CARICOM (Caribbean Community)' agricultural commodity exports, are produced primarily for sale in preferential markets of the more developed countries-and also for inflows of foreign direct investment. This dependence is due not only to structural characteristics, such as the smallness of their economies, but also to the path dependence of colonial institutions that ensured colonies produced goods the colonizing countries could not produce at home. But products and services demanded by the more developed countries today may not be demanded by them tomorrow, the global trading environment may change, and the conditions that make a country attractive to the foreign investor today may make the same country unattractive tomorrow. As the environment changes, less developed countries must adjust their production structures and supportive institutions to ensure continued growth and development. Thorstein Veblen (1899, 133) said, "Institutions are products of the past process, are adapted to past circumstances, and are therefore never in full accord with the requirements of the present." He was implying that, unless they change to suit the new environment, institutions will slow the process of economic growth and development. John Dunning (2000, 27) said that "determinants such as the quality and cost of natural resources and semi-skilled labor are being replaced by factors such as the availability of a supportive and sophisticated physical and human infrastructure." Hence, less developed countries that created institutions for an earlier period to attract foreign direct investment when natural resources and unskilled labor played an


In this paper, we propose a low-complexity uplink signal detection algorithm based on reactive tabu search (RTS) in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. As the number of antennas increases, conventional RTS algorithm achieves near-maximum likelihood (ML) performance in massive MIMO systems. But the complexity of the initial solution vector is too high. Therefore, we propose a symmetric successive over-relaxation RTS (SSOR-RTS) algorithm which achieves the same error rate performance of RTS but with lower complexity. The key idea is to calculate the initial solution vector of RTS algorithm using the SSOR iterative method. A criterion based on ML cost change rate to limit the number of SSOR iterations is also proposed to further reduce the complexity of the RTS algorithm. Simulation results show that the SSOR-RTS and adaptive SSOR-RTS achieve almost the same performance with RTS algorithm at significantly less complexity.


The drift-flux model (DFM) is of practical importance for analyzing gas–liquid flow in various applications, such as chemical reactors and nuclear power plants. This paper aims at developing an accurate flow-regime-independent DFM for estimating the void fractions of two-phase downward inclined flow. The effect of flow channel inclination on void fraction for downward two-phase flows was investigated comprehensively. First, 2868 data for void fractions of gas–liquid two-phase flows were summarized from 12 sources. The inclination angle ranged from 0° to 90°. Then, the existing drift-flux models were reviewed comprehensively. The existing models had poor predictive performance in terms of the whole experimental database. Therefore, a theoretically supported drift-flux model for downward inclined two-phase flow was established based on a deeper understanding of two-phase flow behavior. The influence of channel inclination angles on the distribution parameters and drift velocities was determined quantitatively. A total of 87.8% of estimated void fractions were within ±20% errors of experimental void fractions. The mean relative deviation, md, was −2.04%.


The year 2014 marked the publication of Volume 100 of IUPAC's Solubility Data Series. Since publication began in 1979, each volume has presented an exhaustive compilation from the published chemical literature of experimentally determined solubility data for a group of related and chemically well defined systems, such as methane in liquids (vol. 27/28, 1987), liquid and solid hydrocarbons with water and seawater (vol. 81, 2005), or potassium sulfate in water (vol. 93, 2012). Whenever two or more sets of independent experimental data have been reported in the primary chemical literature and are judged to be free of obvious errors, the data are critically evaluated in an effort to guide the user to the most reliable data. A Symposium during the August 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Chemical Society marked the publication of 100 volumes and looked forward to continuation of IUPAC's Solubility Data Project, both in its current print form as articles in the Journal of Physical and chemical Reference Data and in electronic formats. Presentations at the symposium covered a range of topics including the history and evolution of the project, contemporary issues related to the compilation and evaluation of solubility data, and new approaches to the dissemination of solubility and other equilibrium data. The work of data compilation and evaluation necessary for the preparation of each volume is carried out by an international group of experts operating under a set of guidelines that ensure uniformity in the approach to the work and format of the volumes. Participants in the Solubility Data Project have met annually since the mid1970s. In the early years of the project international communication was slow, difficult and expensive. Although global web-based communication is now convenient, participants still find it valuable to meet face to face each year. The requirements for compilation are straightforward: an exhaustive search of the published primary chemical literature for published experimental data, together with a summary of experimental methods and estimates of experimental error where those are provided in the published work or can be estimated by the compiler. Solubility values from review articles and handbooks are not used unless they can be traced to original experimental work. The guidelines for critical evaluation of the data allow flexibility based on expert scientific judgment. Flexibility is required to accommodate both the range of data precision that exists over chemical systems studied and the considerable variation in theoretical frameworks for data interpretation between, say, gases in nonpolar liquids and salts in water. But in every evaluation the goal is to indicate the reliability and precision of solubility data and to clearly explain the evaluation method used to reach the assessment presented. CI readers are invited to view the related article published recently in Chemical Information Bulletin Vol. 66, No. 4: Winter 2014, online at http://bulletin.acscinf.org/ node/668. Detailed information about the Solubility Data Series, including lists of volumes (published and in preparation) as well as guidelines for the preparation and use of these volumes is available at www.iupac.org/ body/502. Suggestions and proposals for collaboration on future volumes are always welcome.


From mid of 2020 to mid of 2021, the 3G mobile radio network in Germany was gradually replaced by the successor technologies 4G and 5G. Therefore, dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) was introduced in the 2100 MHz band, which allows a parallel operation of 4G and 5G. There is an increasing need of public information with regard to a possible change in human RF exposure associated with 5G and DSS. Hence, investigations were carried out to study the instantaneous and maximal exposure of persons to base stations in the 2100 MHz band. Our study shows, that the instantaneous exposure has remained comparable before and after the introduction of 4G/5G with DSS. Regarding the maximal RF exposure, code-selective measurements of 3G and 4G with DSS show no significant change in exposure. To analyze the maximal exposure to 5G with DSS, code-selective measurements have been applied for the first time and compared with the 4G exposure in the same band. The results show no significant difference in maximal exposure between 4G and 5G. Furthermore, the need of code-selective measurements in comparison with the frequency-selective method for 5G is demonstrated if different parts of the electromagnetic field that contribute to exposure have to be assigned to selected base stations.


Based on some features of a nonhierarchical network, an efficient routing scheme to carry the traffic with lower costs and higher link utility is presented. Some cases of "competitive" links are analyzed, and a largest difference method is presented. Adjustment of the blocking level of some links is also discussed and computed. A 9-node network is constructed for simulation to verify the effectiveness of the scheme.


SAR ocean surface wind retrieval is generally based on the co-polarized Normalized Radar Cross Section (NRCS). Yet, since April 2014, Sentinel-1 TOPS-mode acquisitions enable large swath dual-pol measurements while preserving relative phase information. In this study, this new capability is analyzed via the co-cross coherence from a massive S-1 VV/VH IW dataset. A Polarimetric Calibration (POLCAL) methodology is proposed to calibrate this variable over sea surface. The odd symmetry of the co-cross coherence from S-1 is confirmed, and potential Polarimetric Geophysical Model Function (PGMF) can be now investigated. The integration of this PGMF in the wind field inversion scheme will be the next step.


A system, method, and computer program product are provided for facilitating interaction between front-end mobile business objects and back-end enterprise information system data. The approaches described reduce the need for client-visible parameters needed by the enterprise information system, but that can be handled without being directly supplied by a developed of a client application on a mobile device interacting with the enterprise information system via a synchronization server.


The utility model discloses a constant tension hoisting operation wave compensation device which comprises a hydraulic winch used for lifting heavy objects and a hydraulic motor used for driving the winch, wherein the winch is connected with a fixed pulley group, a movable pulley group and the heavy objects through a plunger cylinder, the plunger cylinder is connected with a piston type energy accumulator group and an outlet of an oil filling system magnetic exchange valve, and a piston type energy accumulator is connected with an air source. The hydraulic motor is connected with a control oil source, two sides of a control pipeline of the hydraulic motor are both connected with cavitation resistance one-way valves, and a lifting side pipeline and a balance valve of the hydraulic motor are connected with pressure control inserted pieces which are controlled by proportional overflow valves. The constant tension hoisting operation wave compensation device has the advantages of being simple in structure, high in compensation precision, wide in compensation range, and quick in corresponding speed.


Abstract Soft tissues modeling is a very present preoccupation in different scientific fields, from computer simulation to biomechanics or medical robotics. In this article, we consider the interaction of a needle with living tissues, which is a particularly complex modeling problem since it is characterized by inhomogeneity and nonlinearity properties. We propose a robust method to online estimate the interaction between living tissues and a surgical needle. The ability to obtain physically consistent models during in vivo insertions is discussed.


Ascorbic acid in medicine is determined by diantipyrylmethane fading spectrophotometric method, based on Fe 3+ by ascorbic acid, and Fe 3+ reacting with diantipyrylmethane in the range of pH 1.8~5.4.The measured wave length is at 456 nm,and the Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration range of 2~30 mg ascorbic acid per liter.The determined results are in agreement with those of the Chinese pharmacopoeia's method and the background correction method.


Cody's experience developing a 3-D printed assistive device for artmaking was a result of curriculum I had developed to explore socially engaged design, assistive technologies, and digital fabrication in particular to this project 3-D printing. I introduced my preservice art education students to a growing fi eld of design practice that focused on developing open source, aff ordable prosthetics to kids that could otherwise not aff ord them. Many of these projects involve three important concepts signifi cant to art education: (1) rapid prototyping via digital fabrication; (2) a participatory design process that is enabled by connectivity and sharing; and (3) a commitment to a socially engaged practice of making that collaboratively builds ideation and social good. In the following, I outline my own experience with my university preservice art education students learning about 3-D printing, developing design practices that have deeply embedded participatory frameworks, and exploring the potential for art education as a socially engaged practice that combines creating and making while having positive social impact.


Whiplash injuries continue to be a concern in low-speed rear impact. This study was designed to investigate the role of variations in spine morphology and head inertia properties on cervical spine segmental rotation in rear-impact whiplash loading. Vertebral morphology is rarely considered as an input parameter in spine finite element models. A methodology towards considering morphological variations as input parameters and identifying the influential variations is presented in this paper. A cervical spine finite element model, with its morphology parametrized using mesh morphing, was used to study the influence of disc height, anteroposterior vertebral depth, and segmental size, as well as variations in head mass, moment of inertia, and center of mass locations. The influence of these variations on the characteristic S-curve formation in whiplash response was evaluated using the peak C2-C3 flexion marking the maximum S-curve formation and time taken for the formation of maximum S-curve. The peak C2-C3 flexion in the S-curve formation was most influenced by disc height and vertebral depth, followed by anteroposterior head center of mass location. The time to maximum S-curve was most influenced by the anteroposterior location of head center of mass and segmental size. The influence of gender-dependent variations, such as the vertebral depth, suggest that they contribute to the greater segmental rotations observed in females resulting in different S-curve formation from men.


Multiwavelength ultraviolet (UV) observations by the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph satellite in active region NOAA 12529 have recently pointed out the presence of long-lasting brightenings, akin to UV bursts, and simultaneous plasma ejections occurring in the upper chromosphere and transition region during secondary flux emergence. These signatures have been interpreted as evidence of small-scale, recurrent magnetic reconnection episodes between the emerging flux region (EFR) and the preexisting plage field. Here we characterize the UV emission of these strong, intermittent brightenings and study the surge activity above the chromospheric arch filament system (AFS) overlying the EFR. We analyze the surges and the cospatial brightenings observed at different wavelengths. We find an asymmetry in the emission between the blue and red wings of the Si iv λ1402 Å and Mg ii k λ2796.3 lines, which clearly outlines the dynamics of the structures above the AFS that form during the small-scale eruptive phenomena. We also detect a correlation between the Doppler velocity and skewness of the Si iv λλ1394 and 1402 line profiles in the UV burst pixels. Finally, we show that genuine emission in the Fe xii λ1349.4 line is cospatial to the Si iv brightenings. This definitely reveals a pure coronal counterpart to the reconnection event.


The rubbing-off of dye from fabrics was investigated from a kinetic viewpoint using various white cloths under weights of 2–6 N. The natural logarithm of the rate constant of dye transfer from dyed fabric to white cloths and that of the equilibrium constant were linearly related to the reciprocal of the rubbing force, which was given by the product of the weight and the friction coefficient between the dyed fabric and white cloth. Two straight lines were obtained, in spite of the variety of white cloths used, and they converged in the low rubbing force range. The results show that the dry rubbing fastness with various white cloths is primarily influenced by the friction coefficient and rubbing force rather than by the types of textile fibre or fabric.


Invariant Foliations of Overflowing Manifolds for Semiflows in Banach Space (Peter Bates, Kening Lu,Chongchun Zeng) Heteroclinic Cycles in Systems with $D n$ Symmetry (Pietro-Luciano Buono, Martin Golubitsky, Antonio Palacios) Some Problems in Mathematical Modeling and Simulation for Applications of Fluid Flows in Porous Media (Zhangxin Chen) Resonant Bifurcations and Normal Forms (Giampaolo Cicogna) Stability of Periodic Solutions in an Epidemiological Model (Zhilan Feng) Coupled oscillators near strong resonances (William F Langford) On the Bifurcation Diagram of the Equilibrium Problem of Elastic-Plastic Solids (Alain Leger) Global Bifurcation of Nonlinear Eigenvalue Problems in Cones (Dongsheng Li, Kaitai Li) Sensitive Dependence on Initial Conditions and Topological Transitivity (Mingjun Li, Kaitai Li) Exact Multiplicity of Positive Solutions of Elliptic Problems (Yi Li) The Coupling Method of Spectral Method and Streamline Diffusion FEM for Neutron Transport Equations (Li-quan Mei, Ai-xiang Huang) Applications of Implicit Liapunov-Schmidt Reductions (George W. Reddien) Multiple Existence and Classification of Equilibrium Balls in a Free Boundary Problem (Masaharu Taniguchi) Existence of Positive Solutions of Some Systems of Elliptic Equations (Lizhou Wang, Kaitai Li) Heteroclinic and Hopf Points Bifurcating from local Singular Process (Wei Wu) The Finite Dimensional Behavior of the Non-Autonomous Sine-Gordon Equation (Chunshan Zhao, Kaitai Li) Bifurcation for Subdifferential Operator Equations (Qingsong Zou, Jingan Lei)


Real estate boundaries is one of the most important problems in Poland, nowadays. It has been especially visible after accessing Poland to European Community. It is caused because of the fact, that prices of real estate are higher and higher and moreover that farmers can apply for supplements for agricultural production. These problems are strongly connected with real estate boundaries [3]. The prices of real estate and values of mentioned supplements depend directly on area of real estate. Area of real estate, in turn, is calculated on the basis of real estate boundaries. The more accurate boundaries of real estate the more precisely determined the value of real estate price and the quantity of supplement. One need not say that by accurate boundaries, range of ownership right to real estate is well determined. It is also a crucial factor while real estate turnover process. The problem of real estate boundaries is clear visible while subdivision process, where one real estate is to be divided on two or more smaller pieces. This process needs former determined outer boundaries of real estate and moreover produces new boundaries. Thus, the problem of boundaries determination for real estate subdivision, in possible wide aspects, is the subject of the paper.


ABSTRACT In Japan, the number of snow storage plants has been increasing for the purpose of storing agricultural products and for the air-conditioning of buildings in summer. In order to gather snow into the snow storage room, a rotary snow plow is often used, but it is difficult to pile up snow within the room from inside out. To overcome this limitation, a pneumatic snow conveying system was developed in order to transport snow to the snow storage plant. The system consists of a blower, snow feeder, cyclone separator, and pipeline. The pressure type of the conveying system incorporates both negative and positive pressures, with a capacity to convey wet snow at 10 t/h a distance of 40 m. For snow with free water content below 15%, the system conveyed wet snow without sticking to the inside walls of the pipeline.


In Korean metropolitan areas, the high density of residential and commercial buildings, highly impervious surfaces, and steep slopes contribute to floods that can occur within a short duration of heavy rainfall. To prepare for this, advance warning measures based on accurate flood alert criteria are needed. In our previous study, we demonstrated the applications of a Neuro-Fuzzy model that considersthe characteristics of the basin to predict flood alert criteria in areas with no damage. However, as the number of learning materials are low, at 27, the evaluation and verification of the model has not been sufficiently accomplished, and its application is limited. Therefore, in this study, we propose an improved model based on the initializing function of the Neuro-Fuzzy algorithm, the construction of training data, and preprocessing. Compared to the existing model, the improved model reduced the average error by 48.1%~65.4% and the RMSE by 50.7%~60.1%. The new model, when applied to actual floods, showed an improvement of 0.7%~19.1% in accuracy.


In the second part of the chapter, attention turns to the organisational environment and in particular how it can be described and analysed. We explore two models: the systems and the PEST model, using examples taken from a variety of different organisational settings, and pay particular attention to the HRM process. During this part the chance is afforded readers to apply these models to organisations known to themselves. We conclude with a summary of the environment in its entirety. 02HRMChapter 2 8/1/08 12:47 Page 7


Education is an important tool for States' development and progress economic, social and political impediments, in addition to promoting the concept of sustainable and inclusive development in various areas ", especially in this era of remarkable development in the educational process, which has produced significant progress in embracing the concepts of sustainability, until education became the deadly weapon in the face of underdevelopment, poverty and ignorance. Education is one of the key pillars of inclusive development in its economic, social and political dimensions which is a key to progress and urbanization for any State in view of its leading role in sustainable development, Since the eighteenth century, economists - Adam Smith, Marx, Marshall and Maltus - have alerted the importance of investing in human capital through education and training But not until the 1950s and 1960s, Several applied studies have confirmed that economic development consists of two main components: The human component, which includes increasing human capacities by raising the level of education and raising the level of health; The material component, which includes increasing economic growth rates, is increasing per capita domestic product, and human capital theory emphasizes the important role that education plays as a key factor in the accumulation of human capital, achieving sustainable development and reducing poverty rates. Based on the importance of the impact of education in general on sustainable development as determined by economic theories and international experiences, this study seeks to analyse the impact of education on human development in Libya. The main problem of this study is to answer the following key question: What is the impact of education on human development in Libya during the period 1990-2019? Theoretically, the study's importance is to illustrate the inability to achieve sustainable development. without human development, education is the main dimension of human development and sustainable development is a necessary requirement for all developed and developing countries, Education is also one of the most important forms of investment in human capital. In addition, the practical importance of this study is to examine the impact of education on Libya's human development. development policies that lead to inclusive development. Drawing on the use of the analytical curriculum to determine the relationship between education and human development at the theoretical level, and analysing this relationship statistically, to test the study's main hypothesis: a statistically significant relationship exists between education and human development in Libya during the study period.


Target population High-risk newborns in the context of these
guidelines are children who were born very preterm (before 32 weeks gestational age) or children who developed a ypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (Sarnat grade 2–3) during the first hours of life.


Based on dynamics analysis and brake shoe type arrester, its design method and steps are discussed in this paper. Calculation formula of mechanical benefit and design is introduced.


Pregnant marriage due to adultery has consequences that have an impact on the validity of marriage and the civil status of the child born. The discourse on pregnant marriage and adultery continues to be a never-ending conversation. Is it permissible for a man to marry a woman who is pregnant? How about the civil rights of children who are born? On whom was the lineage leaned? Is he entitled to inherit his mother's father's property? Does the husband of the mother have the right to be the guardian of marriage? Different perspectives cause differences in addressing the problem of pregnant marriage and adultery. This study seeks to reveal the problem of pregnant marriage and its implications for children born, from the perspective of the Compilation of Islamic Law as a product of Indonesian jurisprudence, also looking at positive law and studying it in the perspective of Islamic law, then providing analysis and comparisons from these various points of view.


P eripherally inserted central venous catheters (PICC) are increasingly utilized in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) for providing total parenteral nutrition in ill term and preterm infants. Common complications associated with their use include infection, bleeding, and thrombosis. Un-usual complications reported include pulmonary embolism, pleural effusions, thoracic duct injury, or obstruction and cardiac perforation with accompanied cardiac tamponade. Phrenic nerve paralysis from thrombus formation secondary to a percutaneous subclavian catheter has been reported in older patients but not in a very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infant. 1,2 We report a case of phrenic nerve palsy secondary to a PICC in a VLBW infant. The paralysis resolved spontaneously with conservative management.


The IEEE Education Society, the IEEE Computer Society, and the American Society for Engineering Education Educational Research and Methods Division (ASEE ERM) sponsored the 46th Frontiers in Education (FIE) Conference in Erie, PA, USA, held October 12–15, 2016. James Sluss, President of the Society, Russell Meier, President of the ASEE ECE Division, and Elizabeth Eschenbach, Chair, FIE Steering Committee, presented awards sponsored by HP Enterprise, the FIE Conference, the Education Society of IEEE, and the ECE Division of ASEE to the 2016 recipients of these awards.


To develop a complicated shape forming method for the fabrication of Si3N4 engineering ceramic parts the vacuum-pressure assisted slip casting was studied. A well-dispersed and high solids containing slurry (77 wt% solids) was prepared, and the consolidation kinet ics of the slurry using the vacuum-pressure assisted slip casting system with a porous polymer resin mold and the mechanical properties of the sintered body were investigated. From the slurry containing 77wt% solids (92wt% ƒ¿-Si3N4, 4wt% a-Al2O3, 4wt% Y2O3), 0.01wt% deflocculant, 0.1wt% defoamer, 4wt% bin der, the high-density green body (2.01-2.07g/cm3) was formed in the pressure range of 0.1-0.7MPa . The rate of filter cake buildup (k) was experimentally de termined to be 2.25•~10-13P [m2/s]. On the other hand, the k was calculated to be 4.61•~10-13P [m2/s] using the Adcock and McDowall's equation. The differ ence between the experimental and calculated values of k seemed to be mainly due to that the calculation of k using the BET-surface area of ƒ¿-Si3N4 powder in place of the "permeability surface area" resulted in the over estimation of k although the actual solids had the wide particle size distribution. The green density was most ly independent on the forming pressure in the range of 0.2-0.7MPa. The Si3N4 sintered at 1770•Ž for 4h at about 0.9MPa N2 with the addition of 4wt% binder showed a density of 3.22g/cm3, a flexural strength of 612MPa and a weibull modules of 7.4. It was found that the vacuum-pressure assisted slip casting was use ful for the forming of silicon nitride.


Welcome to the 2015 Special Issue of Sociology. It is the journal's policy that each editorial team has the opportunity to guest edit a Special Issue of Sociology during their editorial term. As a part of this editorial treat, the theme of the Special Issue is completely open and in the gift of the editors. Taking time to explain why we selected and settled on the sociologies of everyday life as the theme for our Special Issue provides a way for us to begin this Introduction. In many ways, it is difficult to overstate the significance of the everyday because it is, as Sarah Pink (2012: 143) observes, 'at the centre of human existence, the essence of who we are and our location in the world'. The study of everyday life is a well-established tradition within sociology and interest and thinking about the quotidian continues to grow, with these engagements becoming increasingly interdisciplinary across the social sciences and beyond. In his worry about the drift of sociology into more generic social science, John Holmwood (2010) argues that the discipline has been particularly effective in working as an 'exporter' of concepts and methods (as well as personnel). With this 'open borders' character of sociology as a discipline in mind (see also Meer and Nayak 2013; Urry 2000), we saw our Special Issue as a timely moment for taking sociological stock. This means that the Special Issue can be thought of as both a reflective moment – where has sociology been and arrived at in its attempts to think through the everyday? – and as an anticipative moment – what are the new logics, foci, approaches, uses, limits for sociologies of the everyday? Everyday life-approaches attempt to capture and recognize the mundane, the routines in (and of) social relations and practices. In doing so, they not only give importance to the ordinary, and take the ordinary seriously as a category of analysis, but they also evidence how everyday life social relations, experiences and practices are always


In Chapter 3 the effect of variation of self bias on the structure and properties of the deposited yttrium oxide thin films is discussed. The changes occurring due to variation of bias on the substrates could be estimated from the results of various characterization techniques. To gain further insight and understand the changes in local structure with the substrate bias, EXAFS measurements are carried out on these thin films. AFM measurements are also done to study morphology of the deposited films. Information regarding coordination number, bond length and disorder parameter obtained from EXAFS analysis is correlated with properties of films obtained by other characterization techniques


In this article, we describe our institutional experience with the treatment for recurrent middle cerebral artery (M1) aneurysms (MCA-AN) after coil embolization using superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass surgery. A 24-year-old male patient was diagnosed with MCA-AN by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in Beijing Tian Tan Hospital. He underwent stent-assisted coil embolization of the aneurysms in CedarsSinai Medical Center, U.S., but the MCA-AN recurred at 6 months after the surgery. He further received endovascular coiling treatment in Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, but the surgeons failed to successfully complete the operation. Subsequently, the patient was transferred to Beijing Xuanwu Hospital and underwent STA-MCA bypass surgery in May 2017. The patient was followed up for over 1 year and no recurrent MCA-AN was observed. The diagnosis and therapeutic procedures of this case suggest that STA-MCA bypass surgery is probably a good option for patients presenting with recurrent MCA-AN following coiling embolization.


tribution, with the underlying population of interest. In addition, an estimate of the incidence rate of severe PACD leading to hospitalization will be obtained by surveying hospital departments in selected geographical areas. The data obtained in the pilot phase will be used to refine the design of the case–control study. We hope that such a case–control study will provide statistically sound data that will integrate data from case series such as those from the EMCPPTS Taskforce and will allow better evaluation of the risk–benefit balance related to the use of ketoprofen and other NSAIDs with regards to PACD.


Cube pruning is a fast inexact method for generating the items of a beam decoder. In this paper, we show that cube pruning is essentially equivalent to A* search on a specific search space with specific heuristics. We use this insight to develop faster and exact variants of cube pruning.


We are addressing the course timetabling problem in this work. In a university, students can select their favorite courses each semester. Thus, the general requirement is to allow them to attend lectures without clashing with other lectures. A feasible solution is a solution where this and other conditions are satisfied. Constructing reasonable solutions for course timetabling problem is a hard task. Most of the existing methods failed to generate reasonable solutions for all cases. This is since the problem is heavily constrained and an effective method is required to explore and exploit the search space. We utilize Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) in finding feasible solutions for the first time. In MCTS, we build a tree incrementally in an asymmetric manner by sampling the decision space. It is traversed in the best-first manner. We propose several enhancements to MCTS like simulation and tree pruning based on a heuristic. The performance of MCTS is compared with the methods based on graph coloring heuristics and Tabu search. We test the solution methodologies on the three most studied publicly available datasets. Overall, MCTS performs better than the method based on graph coloring heuristic; however, it is inferior compared to the Tabu based method. Experimental results are discussed.


We report the discovery of the two-image gravitationally lensed quasar SDSS J1335+0118. The object was selected as a lens candidate from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The imaging and spectroscopic follow-up observations confirm that the system exhibits two gravitationally lensed images of a quasar at z=1.57. The image separation is 1.56''. We also detect an extended component between the two quasar images, likely the lensing galaxy. Preliminary mass modeling predicts the differential time delay \Delta t ~ 30 h^{-1} day assuming the redshift of the lens galaxy is 0.5.


Contamination of drinking water with pathogenic agents is a serious threat to the population. The potential presence of bacteria, viruses and protozoa requires efficient and effective monitoring methods that allow the detection and quantification of these pathogens. Conventional methods of pathogen detection in water primarily rely on culturing, a pre-concentration procedure and some biochemical identification which require a significant period of time ranging from 24 hours to up to a week. Recently significant efforts have been made to develop biosensors capable of rapid and realtime detection of pathogenic agents. This report summarizes the recent developments of biosensor systems used for this purpose.


In order to utilize wind energy maximumly,the control technologies of maximum power point tracking(MPPT)has already been a research hotspot.A novel MPPT strategy in wind generator system was presented in this paper.The design of a Boost converter circuit used to achieve the maximum power control of wind turbine driven permanent magnet synchronous generator(PMSG).The relationship between power curve of wind turbine and duty-cycle values of Boost converter were analyzed in this paper,then the duty-cycle MPPT control method was presented.At last,theory analysis and simulation verified the correctness and validity of the strategy.


The possible protective role of vitamin C on liver antioxidant enzymes of albino rats in sodium nitrite induced lipid peroxidation (LPO) was investigated. Sodium nitrite and vitamin C were administered orally through intragastric tube. Sodium nitrite (300 mg/kg body wt.) significantly increased the LPO and the activities of liver marker enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), acid phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and decreased the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH) level in LPO-induced rats; the remarkable changes in the enzyme activities was due to hepatotoxicity of nitrite. The vitamin C (300 mg/kg body wt.) significantly decreased the LPO level and the activities of liver enzymes and increased antioxidant enzymes activities, thus exerts ameliorating effect on sodium nitriteinduced lipid peroxidation.


In this study, dust samples were collected from 4 residential colleges (K2, K5, KOSAS and K10) in UniversitiPutra Malaysia (UPM) Serdang, Selangor. The samples were collected from ceiling fans and car parksroadside dust. Sand dust on top of the car park cover were collected using polyethylene brush, tray and keptin a polyethylene bag. Dust from ceiling fan on the first floor was collected and put into a polyethylene bag.The dust samples collected were analysed for the concentrations of Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni and Zn. It was found thatK5 [Cu (62.94 ± 0.77 µg/g dw), Fe (1802.40 ± 9.81 µg/g dw), and Zn (253.34 ± 22.76 µg/g dw) of car parkdust; Zn (997.20 ± 16.10 µg/g dw) (of ceiling fan dust] and K10 [Ni (26.88 ± 1.84 µg/g dw) and Zn (199.77± 6.64 µg/g dw) of car park dust; Cu (468.55 ± 3.67 µg/g dw), Ni (83.96 ± 0.75 µg/g dw), and Fe (3131.58 ±27.01 µg/g dw) of ceiling fan dust] exhibited elevated concentrations of heavy metals that might be related tovehicular activities as compared to K2 and KOSAS. In general, ceiling fan dust had significantly (P< 0.05)higher concentrations of heavy metals than the car park dust. In comparison to other reported studies in theliterature, the maximum levels of Ni and Cu were comparable or higher than those reported for major cities inthe world. Hence, more monitoring studies should be conducted in the future to check for metal contaminationin the dust, as this can serve as an atmospheric indicator of heavy metal pollution.


The connection is established between helicity and the action associated with recent canonical variational principles for the equations of the electromagnetic field.


This paper focuses on the supply chain consisting of a manufacturer, a third-party (3P) seller, and an eplatform, while the 3P seller sells products through the e-platform. If the e-platform not only provides a sales channel for the 3P seller, but also determines the retail price and then sells products directly, we call it e-platform encroachment, which creates price competition between the 3P seller and e-platform. We find that the encroachment benefits the manufacturer and e-platform but hurts the 3P seller. And both the manufacturer and 3P seller prefer the price discrimination strategy to the uniform pricing strategy, while the e-platform does not necessarily. The price discrimination strategy encourages the manufacturer to offer the 3P seller a preferential wholesale price as the compensation and to curb the competitive advantage of the e-platform. The two pricing strategies have the same total sales quantity but different allocations across channels. Moreover, we propose a new coordination mechanism to reduce the double marginalization effect and improve supply chain performance. In extensions, we demonstrate numerically how the e-platform should decide the commission rate and compare the e-platform encroachment model with the manufacturer encroachment model to reveal the impact of different encroachment roles on all parties in the supply chain.


It is for the purpose of sharing experiences that I am writing about. the teaching of Morris Gomberg of ShIC~gO Musical College, Roosevelt University, The genesis of this project occurred in 1956. Dr. Howard Van Sickle at the 1962 meeting of the MENC in Chicago indicated that such writing would be welcomed by the ASTA Journal. The writer has the perspective of 20 years of violin teaching; this project has covered 10 years of writing, evaluation and refinement as well as use in classroom and studio. Morris Gomberg has developed a system of teaching the violin that should have universal acquaintance. His students continuaJly show him to be an artist teacher and there are salient features of his system that are uniquely his own. Neither he nor any other teacher would suggest that artistic playing can be achieved without "hard work." It is a fact, however, that his system of teaching so facilitates growth and understanding that "hard work" is very soon applied to musical problems rather than to lo:w-order skill building. This shortens considerably the time between intermediate and advanced study. The etude road is considerably shortened. There have been suggestions from time to time that work on etudes could more profitably be applied to the difficult passages of concert literature. This system provides a way to accomplish this without abusing concert literature in the process. My work at the Ball State University Laboratory School has reflected the use of Mr. Gomberg's system and has born out these contentions. Whereas most school (and many college) orchestras are fortunate to have a single violinist capable of solo playing of a quality demanded for performance of the Bach, Mozart, Bruch, or Mendelssohn concertos with orchestra, there have been as many as six in a single Laboratory School Honors Concert (1960). There were 18 student solo performers in 1964-65. This has occurred in a four year high school of 365 students having a strong band and vocal program as well as a strong academic program. While certainly no single cause can wholly account for this kind of development, this system of violin teaching has made it possible to do more work and to continuously upgrade standards in an expanding program. This is the first of two articles on the teaching of Morris Gomberg. These articles are organized as follows:


A novel effective synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one (DHPM) derivatives, using conducting polyaniline (PANI) as a catalyst from aldehydes, β-ketoester and urea under solvent free conditions has been described. The effect of organic solvents on the human body and the environment is hazardous and its disposal is a major problem. Hence, solvent less organic reaction have attracted attention of chemists. Solvent free solid-state reaction carried out using the reactant alone reduces the pollution, and is more economical and environment friendly. PANI catalyst and solvent free condition reduces the side reactions that occur in other protonated acid media. The use of the sonochemical method is a green route for the synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones (DHPM). Compared with the traditional reaction, this method has the advantage of shorter reaction time with excellent yield, purity of DHPM and low loading of raw materials. Polyaniline is a mild, stable, recyclable, cheaper and highly efficient catalyst and used several times with excellent yield for the dihydropyrimidinone synthesis. Polyaniline (PANI) was characterized by UV-Visible, FTIR, XRD and SEM studies. DHPM were characterized by NMR, MS and IR spectroscopy. In the present paper, a green approach for the synthesis of dihydropyrimidinone assisted by polyaniline as a catalyst under solvent-free conditions is reported.


Objective To study the main mechanotransduction area and to estimate the overall shear deformation of rat osteoblasts in shear stress loading experiment based on data acquired from the in vitro rat osteoblast experimental, and to study the effects of four-point bending medium flow generated shear stress on cells. Methods Viscoelastic mechanics theory was used in the calculation process, the standard viscoelastic model was adopted for cells, and shear force on the cellular surface was simplified to be uniform. Results The cellular deformation caused by shear force was about one-tenth of that from tensile loading experiment which induced equivalent biological response. Conclusion In terms of mechanical stimulus induced biological responds, the mechanical transduction caused by cellular deformation in shear stress loading experiment is negligible, and the main transduction area is in the cellular membranes experiencing shear stress.

Key words:
Osteoblast; Shear stress; Cellular deformation; Mechanotransduction.


A systematic approximation has been constructed for the moment equations of kinetic theory which describe source flow expansion. For small source Knudsen number, the moments are expanded and solutions are obtained near the source. These solutions are nonuniformly valid far from the source, breaking down when transition flow is encountered. To analyze the rarefied regime, the equations are rescaled taking account that the flow is hypersonic in the transition regime. This allows us to apply a hypersonic approximation to the moment equations in the rarefied regime and subsequently match this to the inviscid solution. For spherical expansion we resolve the problem to a relaxation process with two translation temperatures, one along streamlines T ∥, and the other transverse to streamlines T ⊥. We obtain expressions for the terminal Mach number in terms of source Knudsen number and intermolecular force law, and a simple rarefaction criteria is found which states that transition flow is encountered when T ∥ − T ⊥ ≅ T isentropic.


Objective To investigate the clinical significance of gefinitib for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) patients.Methods The 96 cases of NSCLC patients admitted to hospital from June 2009 to December 2011 were randomly divided into two groups,control group(n = 48) and treatment group(n =48).The control group was given docetaxel injection,but the treatment group was given gefinitib.The clinical efficacy,the QLQ-C30 scores and the incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups was observed and compared.Results The total effective rate was 70.83%in the treatment group,but the control group was 50.00%,so the total effective rate in the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P0.05);the physical function,role function,emotional function,cognitive function,and overall QLQ-C30 scores in the treatment group was significantly better than that of the control group(P0.05),the incidence of neutropenia, thrombocytopenia,nausea,vomiting,diarrhea,rash,itching,stomatitis,liver and kidney toxicity in the treatment group was significantly less than that of the control group(P0.05).Conclusion There is a significant clinical effect of gefinitib for the treatment of NSCLC patients.


input image point process curve process a color region texture regions objects 1. The task integrates conventional vision tasks: image segmentation, perceptual organization, object recognition, etc. 2. Many families of generative models compete to explain the image.


This paper describes a series of experiments and calibration techniques aimed at a better understanding of observed anomalous pulsed microwave composite propagation phenomena. It is demonstrated that early wavefront contributions, associated with the precursor of pulsed microwaves propagating in air-waveguide structures, and observed slightly above the noise level of the system, exhibit small propagation times corresponding to the phase velocity of the pulsed microwave in the dispersive medium. On the other hand, lack of detection sensitivity, can lead to the observation of unphysical large time delays, and be interpreted based on the intuition of the observer, or in the worst of the cases, as noise.


Connective tissue is one of the body's most pervasive tissues and is responsible for producing and maintaining form in nearly every organ in the body. It functions in a mechanical role, producing a matrix that serves to support and protect most of the major organ systems. Because connective tissues have such an important function, most of the major connective tissue diseases are either life threatening or crippling with enormous impact on healthcare cost. Diseases of connective tissues are manifested by either increased breakdown of connective tissues, as in osteoarthritis and osteoporosis, or overproduction of connective tissues, as in scleroderma and hepatic fibrosis.


The authors present ocular symptoms in 116 drug abusers. They have observed optic atrophy and defects in visual field in 9 cases, reduced convergence in 8 cases, slow pupillary reaction in 9 cases, ptosis in 3 cases, nystagmus in 2 cases, retinal haemorrhages in the nerve fibre layer in 2 cases, myopia in 45 cases and blepharoconjunctivitis in most of cases. The authors want to indicate the principal ocular signs in drug abusers in our country.


Pipecuronium bromide(1) was synthesized in overall yield of 19.3% in several steps and its structure was characterized with 1H NMR and MS spectra.In the synthesis process of the key intermediate 2β,16β-bis-(4methyl-piperazinyl)-3α-hydroxy-17-keto-5α-androst steranes(5),the bromination was combined with the ring-opening addition in one step thus effectively reduced the production costs.This improved process is simple and conducive to industrial production.


Maritime education in Turkey is conducted with a uniformed education system, which has specific rules and based on historical traditions and customs. Maritime education is an educational branch that requires discipline and should be conducted within the international standards determined by International Maritime Organization (IMO). Furthermore, maritime education follows a different structure and system when compared to education processes in other professions The present study attempts to evaluate the contribution of the system to the education, exigence of the system, related problems, psychological aspects and recommendations for a feasible solution. An integrated model approach that included multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods was developed in the conducted analysis. The correlation and the structure between the factors that constitute the current problem was analyzed with DEMATEL (Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory) method in the study. Furthermore, in order to identify and rank the significance of the alternatives that can provide a viable solution to existing problems, the fuzzy TOPSIS (Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution) method was utilized. Based on study findings, K3 (Uniform and hierarchical system complicates the adaptation to university life and prevents socialization) was determined as the most important criterion, while A6 (Assessment, regulation and standardization the rules concerning the uniform and the hierarchical system with an application similar to seafarers, training and testing directive and other maritime education topics) alternative was identified as the most significant alternative. * Dr. Öğr. Üyesi, Mersin Üniversitesi Denizcilik Fakültesi Denizcilik İşletmeleri Yönetimi, El-mek: email@example.com


The necessity of developing the green manure in Hebei Province was briefly introduced.Five planting and utilization models,and seven types of planting regions were analyzed.The suggestions were put forward.


Neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) of the colorectum appear to share many genetic alterations with colorectal adenocarcinomas. In fact, many neuroendocrine carcinomas show adjacent glandular adenomatous or adenocarcinomatous components. No definitive genetic data have been collected regarding the molecular derangements characteristic of neuroendocrine carcinomas. Using analyses of 15 colorectal NECs, Woischke et al investigated the shared genetic alterations and the three mutations with the highest allele frequencies: TP53, KRAS, and APC. The finding of identical KRAS mutations in both glandular and NEC components suggests a clonal origin to both types of tumor, with yet-to-beexplored independent additional mutational evolution of the two components after clonal divergence. The relatively small proportion of shared mutations between the neuroendocrine and glandular components suggests an early divergence. The group proposes that, with increasing understanding of the molecular biology of these tumors, a distinct classification may better support accurate characterization and clinical management of these neoplasms in the future.


A multi-Robots integrated welding system of the handle of motorcycle,which include a welding robot,two feeding robots,a assembly and welding positioner and auto feeding equipment,was established.The structure of the welding positioner,the clamping apparatus and feeding equipment were introduced.The architecture of the control system was illustrated.Then,the working sequence of the multi-robots welding system was optimized.Finally,the simulation of trajectory planning of robot and the implementation of the welding system showed the efficiency and feasible of the design of the system.


Breast implant‐associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA‐ALCL) is a rare form of T‐cell lymphoma, recently linked to the use of certain types of breast implants. Although rare, BIA‐ALCL is being increasingly recognised and radiologists can play an important role in its early diagnosis. BIA‐ALCL is thought to be related to chronic inflammation from indolent infection of the biofilm surrounding implants leading to malignant transformation of activated T cells in genetically susceptible individuals. Clinical features include breast enlargement or asymmetry, discomfort, heaviness and/or a palpable mass in the context of long‐standing implant(s). Ultrasound is the primary imaging modality, and the presence of more than a trace of peri‐implant fluid should prompt consideration of aspiration for cytology, flow cytometry and microbiological analysis. This article reviews the clinical, imaging and pathology features of BIA‐ALCL. In addition, the current recommended management guidelines for suspected cases are discussed.


Pinhole detection of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention system, the stage of the fuel cell component units to be irradiated is placed, by moving the stage is provided on one side of the drive section, the sample rotating the fuel cell component unit for rotating the fuel cell components x-ray source for irradiating X-rays to a unit, image sensing for detecting the X-rays having passed through the fuel cell components unit section, and a computed tomography apparatus for reconstructing an image sensed by the image sensing unit in three dimensions. Therefore, it is possible to rotate the part units of the fuel cell stack, thereby effectively detect this by examining the X-rays on the rotation unit to the fuel cell unit components, in particular the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) and a pin hole formed within the positive electrode plate. A fuel cell stack, a membrane electrode conjugate, a positive electrode plate, a pinhole, X-ray, computed tomography, FUEL, CELL, STACK, MEMBRANE, ELECTRODE, ASSEMBLY, BIPOLAR PLATE, PINHOLE, X-RAY, COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY


The stability and truncation error of six- and nine-point finite difference analogs of the heat-diffusion equation are discussed. Analogs were obtained by approximating derlvatlves wlth finlte differences; the use of more general differences than are ordinarily employed has led to some analogs previously undiscovered. A representation is given of general six- and nine- point analogs in a form convenient for stability analysis, from which several results relating stability, truncation error, and explicit or implicit nature of the analog were obtained. (auth)


In recent years, deep neural networks have been applied in many fields. In this paper, a time-domain unsupervised learning based sound source localization method is proposed, where auto-encoder neural networks are adopted so that some operation like time-delay compensation can be removed and there is no need to prepare training data with precise alignment labels. In order to improve its performance, a training strategy based on the multi-task learning and acoustic transfer function is proposed as well, called joint training of alternating and splitting. Experiments show that the proposed method can learn the transmission characteristics, including the change of time delay and intensity. What's more, the proposed method also has better performance compared with SRP-PHAT, MUSIC and two other neural networks based methods.


To analyze the tailings dam failure evolution pattern,a tailings dam overtopping evolution model was studied based on physical model experiment method.With a certain tailing dam as the research object,based on non-constant unsaturated flow and sediment erosion mechanism of non-equilibrium theory,and according to the model similarity theory and dam breach erosion model,the tailings dam overtopping breach evolution pattern was investigated on a self-developed tailings dam breaking simulation platform.The results show that the dam displacements depend on the dam saturation degree during tailings dam flood overtopping failure.The higher the saturation line is,the larger the sliding displacements are.The dam failure extent is related with the overflow breach erosion.In this experimental condition,the dam displacements,saturation line height,the maximum flow and the dam break evolutions were presented.Decreasing the saturation line height,increasing the dry beach length,setting up dam surface drainage channels and other measures can help reduce the tailings dam flood overtopping failure disaster.


Lactate, citrate, succinate, or acetate added to isolated muscles suspended in Ringer solution in a Warburg flask produced an increase in the rate of oxygen consumption by the muscles. At a given molar concentration of these substances the increase was greatest with lactate and was progressively less with the addenda in the order given. When the concentration of each substance was adjusted so that the rate of oxygen consumption was the same with all of them, the addition of insulin produced an increase in the oxygen uptake which was of the same magnitude in each case. Evidence is presented which suggests that by causing spontaneous activity in the muscle, the acetate, succinate, and citrate may bring about a production of lactate.The extra oxygen consumed upon the addition of lactate could account for the complete oxidation of only a small part of the lactate which actually disappeared in an experiment. By assuming that all of this extra oxygen was used in the complete oxidation of lactate, it was calcula...