Objective
To explore the application value of the fusiform tube stomach in the digestive tract reconstruction after thoracoscopic and laparoscopic radical resection of esophageal carcinoma.

Methods
The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 96 patients with thoracic esophageal cancer who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between November 2016 and May 2017 were collected. All the patients underwent thoracoscopic and laparoscopic radical resection of esophageal carcinoma, 45 using thin tubular stomach and 51 using fusiform tube stomach for digestive tract reconstruction were respectively allocated into the tubular stomach group and fusiform stomach group. Observation indicators: (1) intra- and post-operative situations; (2) postoperative complications; (3) detection of gastric hemodynamics; (4) follow-up situations. Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect patients′ survival up to November 2017. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as ±s and comparison between groups was analyzed using the t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were described as M (range) and comparison between groups was analyzed using the rank sum test. Ordinal data and categorical variables were respectively done using the independent-sample Wilcoxon rank-sum test and chi-square test. Paired experimental data were analyzed by the Friedman test and Wilcoxon test.

Results
(1) Intra- and post-operative situations: 96 patients underwent successful thoracoscopic and laparoscopic radical resection of esophageal carcinoma. The number of closers, time of postoperative mediastinal tube removal, thoracic stomach anteroposterior diameter by postoperative CT examination, number of slices at maximal width of thoracic stomach by postoperative CT examination and duration of hospital stay were respectively 4 (range, 3-5), 14 days (range, 11-45 days), 28.35 mm (range, 9.96-75.70 mm), 0.56 (range, 0.33-2.13), 16 days (range, 12-62 days) in the tubular stomach group and 4 (range, 2-4), 12 days (range, 10-16 days), 45.80 mm (range, 17.36-89.77 mm), 1.10 (range, 0.47-2.15), 14 days (range, 12-61 days) in the fusiform stomach group, with statistically significant differences between groups (Z=4.525, 4.240, -3.796, -4.604, 2.154, P 0.05).

Conclusion
Compared with the thin tubular stomach, the fusiform tube stomach can reduce the incidences of postoperative fistula and pulmonary complications and shorten duration of hospital stay after the thoracoscopic and laparoscopic radical resection of esophageal carcinoma, and hemodynamics of the fusiform tube stomach is superior to that of thin tubular stomach.

Key words:
Esophageal neoplasms; Radical resection; Thoracoscopy; Laparoscopy; Fusiform tube stomach; Complications


Why Gadamer? Key Ideas. 1. Hermeneutics in Theory: From Schleiermacher to Heidegger 2. The Greeks (1): Plato and Dialogue 3. The Greeks (2): Aristotle and Phronesis 4. Situation and Horizon, Prejudice and Tradition, Language and Play 5. Hermeneutics in Practice: Reading Texts After Gadamer Further Reading


Terpeneol was prepared by the formation of terpine hydrate through the hydrolysis of terpentine,followed by the dehydration of terpine hydrate.Based upon the laboratory work in accordance with orthogonal experimental design,the optimal conditions for the formation of terpine hydrate were found as,using dilute sulfuric acid with concentration of 32 %(mass)as catalyst,the mass ratio of dilute sulfuric acid to terpentine is 1.5∶1,reaction temperature 28 ℃~34 ℃ for (14 h),the mass ratio of emulsifier to terpentine is 0.015 %.Addition of glacial acetic acid at a dosage of 0.001 mL per gram of terpentine is helpful to shorten the reaction time.In the formation of terpine hydrate a yield of higher than 94 % can be achieved.In the dehydration of terpine hydrate to form terpeneol,a yield of higher than 82 % can be achieved.


To explain the drag-and-drop abstraction. In the embodiment (s), a graphical user interface, displays the destination that can be selected to receive a variety of media content, also displays representations of various media content. Users can associate a representation of media content to one or more destination. Resource manager then determines the media format of the selected destination, also may initiate the transmission of identifiers of media content to the selected destination. .FIELD 1


Background: The objective of this investigation was to design and optimize the fabrication of Rasagiline mesylate loaded nanoscale solid lipid particles composed with stearic acid as lipid matrix by microemulsion technique. Rasagiline (N-propargyl- 1-R-aminoindan) mesylate (RM) is a potent, selective, irreversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidase-B, propargylaminebased drug. It has been explored in the treatment of Parkinson disease. Nanoscale solid lipid particles are the exploited carrier system for targeted drug delivery in a controlled manner. Method: The Plackett-Burman design was successfully employed for the optimization of nanoscale solid lipid particles containing Rasagiline mesylate. The influence of independent variables studied were lipid, surfactant and co-surfactant concentration, volume of aqueous phase, magnetic stirring rate, probe sonicator duration, volume of beaker used and volume of cold aqueous phase. The dependent variables, namely average particle size, span, surface area and polydispersity index of the formulated Rasagiline mesylate loaded solid lipid nanoparticles. Results: The experiments were carried out according to 12 runs involving 8 independent variables (higher and lower levels) employing Plackett-Burman design. The Rasagiline mesylate-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles were characterized by average mean particle size, span, surface area and polydispersity index and it results were 169 nm, 0.821, 52.4 m 2 g -1 and 0.310, respectively. The morphological evaluation of optimal Rasagiline mesylate loaded solid lipid nanoparticles was found to be monodisperse, uniform size and quasispherical shape with smooth surface by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The selected area electron diffraction (SAED) indicated the formulation was not in an amorphous form but in a crystalline state. Conclusion: The experimental results were good correlated with predicted data analysed by Plackett-Burman statistical method. Key words: Plackett-Burman, Rasagiline mesylate, Ransmission electron microscopy, Selected area electron diffraction, Solid lipid nanoparticles.


A neural network model for perceptual grouping and texture segregation is proposed. This neural net model is based on the architectural and functional properties of the neuronal circuits in the primary visual area of the cerebral cortex. When simulated on the natural and artificial grey-level images, this neural net model is very efficient for segregating textures, even when their local characteristics are highly variable.<<ETX>>


In 2005, the National Science Foundation issued a solicitation seeking proposals for an effort "intended to foster public awareness, engagement, and understanding of nanoscale science, engineering, and technology through establishment of a Network, a national infrastructure that links science museums and other informal science education organizations with nanoscale science and engineering research organizations." The Museum of Science in Boston collaborated with the Science Museum of Minnesota in St. Paul and the Exploratorium in San Francisco to craft the winning proposal. Underlying the solicitation was the notion that university researchers at Nanoscale Science and Engineering Centers and similar organizations had knowledge of this new field of research but little knowledge of informal science education, and that science museum professionals had knowledge about informal science education but little knowledge about nanotechnology. By working together, the two fields could raise the capacities of both to more effectively engage the public in learning about nanoscale science, engineering, and technology.


We study the effect of a $\Lambda$ hyperon immersed in the doubly magic nuclei, $^{16}$O, $^{40}$Ca, $^{48}$Ca, and $^{208}$Pb, as well as the neutron magic nucleus $^{90}$Zr. For a $\Lambda$ in the $1s$ and $1p$ states in $^{17}_{\Lambda}$O, $^{41}_{\Lambda}$Ca, $^{49}_{\Lambda}$Ca, $^{91}_{\Lambda}$Zr, and $^{209}_{\Lambda}$Pb, we compare the single-particle energies and density distributions of the core nucleons with those of the nuclei without the $\Lambda$, as well as the point proton and neutron radii. A remarkable finding is that the bound $\Lambda$ induces a significant asymmetry in the proton-neutron density distributions in the core nucleus. This in turn gives rise to an appreciable, iso-vector mean field. As a consequence, the neutrons in the core are more attracted to the center of the nucleus, while the protons are pushed away, in comparison with those in the corresponding nucleus without the $\Lambda$.


Robert Burt, the Alexander M. Bickel Professor of Law at Yale, works at the intersection of law, medicine, psychiatry, and ethics. He is especially drawn to problems and policies related to death. For at least twenty-five years, he has tried to articulate the proper role for law and social policy amid the tangle of medical judgments, human relationships, and psychological pressures that surround choices about withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining medical treatment, physician-assisted suicide, and euthanasia. Burt's first major writing on these subjects, Taking Care of Strangers: The Rule of Law in Doctor-Patient Relations, was published in 1979 when, after centuries of physician dominance, a series of judicial decisions began pushing the pendulum firmly in the direction of patients' nearly absolute control over medical decision making. Burt criticized this trend. Though he acknowledged the abuses that gravely ill patients often suffered under "the traditional physician's view that he alone should rule the patient" (vii), Burt warned that patients needed some protection against irrational, self-destructive impulses that may be unleashed by the encounter with pain and death. He argued that by ignoring those impulses and endors-


Background and Objective: This article presents the results of the determination of hydroxycinnamic acids in 6 experimental propolis samples. Using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography in a gradient elution mode is able to identify hydroxyl and cinnamic acids by comparing retention times of analytes, the standard samples and the corresponding acids according to the results of diode-matrix detection. Method: Six prototype propolis samples from different regions of Russia were taken as research objects. From the experiment, samples were prepared extracts by 80% ethanol extraction, according to the traditional production scheme of tinctures in a ratio of 1:10. It was found that the composition of propolis has a stable set hydroxycinnamic acids comprising about 6 components: Trans-p-coumaric, ferulic, isoferulic, caffeic, 3,4-dimethyl caffeic and cinnamic acids. The internal normalization method calculates the specific weight of each of the components within the specified group. Results: It has been established that about 90% of all oxycinnamic acids are trans-para-coumaric, ferulic, and caffeic acids with a predominance of the first. The quantitative content of the dominant hydroxycinnamic acids in propolis prototypes was determined by the absolute calibration method. The content of trans-para-coumaric acid was in the range 1.43-2.1%; ferulic acid - 0.93-1.6%; and caffeic acid - 0.193-0.44%. Conclusion: The results of the conducted experiments make it possible to recommend an assessment of the quality of propolis by any of the dominant acids.


A. S. Byatt: Critical Storytelling. By Alexa Alfer and Amy J. Edwards de Campos. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2010. In this comprehensive and workmanlike study of A. S. Byatt's fiction and literary criticism, Alfer and de Campos survey Byatt's career from her first novel (The Shadow of the Sun, 1964) to her most recent one (The Children's Book, 2009) and include many of her short stories and critical essays. As the editors say, they have tried to avoid biography per se, although they do include a useful biographical timeline, in order to concentrate on an "intellectual charting of A. S. Byatt's career as a writer" (2). This charting is by and large quite successful. Alfer and de Campos have shown the many continuities in Byatt's thought and the strong connections between her critical work and her fiction. They also stress her interest in and contributions to recent scientific and cultural exchanges; she is not only a novelist but also a "public intellectual," someone who is deeply engaged in the issues of the day. Alfer and de Campos's study begins with a look at Byatt's story "Sugar," the title story in her first collection of short stories (1987). "Sugar" is really about memories as tangled mixtures of truth and myth or family fictions. Alfer and de Campos take the tale as representative of Byatt's self-conscious, self-critical approach to storytelling, or "the necessary interplay between fiction and criticism, reading and writing, body and mind, tradition and transformation" (10). Throughout her oeuvre Byatt questions many of the assumptions about narrative, realism, and textuality that we tend to take for granted. She is indeed, as the subtitle suggests, a "critical storyteller." But readers of Marvels & Tales will primarily want to know about the role fairy tales and the fantastic have played in Byatt's work. Here Alfer and de Campos seem to me to be less reliable. One basic difficulty throughout is their failure to distinguish between the fairy tale and fantasy; the terms are not interchangeable, as they seem to believe. It is a distinction that Byatt herself makes, particularly in her most recent novel, The Children's Book. She criticizes early twentieth-century British fantasy - particularly the many versions of J. M. Barnes's Peter Pan, called by one character "a play for grown-ups who don't want to grow up" (Children's Book 512) - for the endorsement of the desire to remain a child forever. Byatt contrasts this kind of fantasy with the "old, deep tales that are twisted into our souls" (514). Many characters in The Children's Book are involved with fairy tales, from Olive Wellwood, who invents dark modern fairy tales for her children and for publication; to Olive's admirer, Toby Youlgreave, a fairy-tale scholar; to members of the younger generation: Griselda Wellwood, who is studying the Grimms at Cambridge, and Wolfgang Stern, who works with his father, Anselm, creating marionette plays in Munich. Byatt also continues to include embedded stories and tales, as she has often done in her fiction at least since Possession (1990). Fairy tales play a part not only in the thick thematic texture of The Children's Book but also in its narrative structure. Alfer and de Campos also claim that Byatt has become more concerned "with the 'thinginess' of human existence over and against the fantasy worlds afforded by the fairytale form" (8). …


Indonesia is one of the world's most shark-catching countries. One of the fishery ports that has a by-product of sharks is the Port of Benoa. The purpose of this study was to determine the species and phylogenetic relationship of sharks from dominant fin samples landed at the Port of Benoa, Bali based on the results of morphological identification and DNA barcoding techniques. The study was conducted from January to February 2018 at the Pengawasan Sumberdaya Kelautan dan Perikanan Base (PSDKP) Benoa. This research uses exploration method with survey technique. The data used in this research is primary data of dominant shark fin samples in research location area and secondary data of location where shark caught by fisherman based on PSDKP database. The results showed that by-catch sharks from dominant fin samples at the Port of Benoa, Bali based on morphological identification and DNA barcoding technique were Prionace glauca (Blue Shark) species. The results of phylogenetic analysis of by-catch shark species from dominant fin samples landed at the Port of Benoa, Bali have close relation with Carcharhinidae family. Prionace glauca shark species have an amplified nucleotide base length of 600 pb with similarity reaching 99 values with species present in GenBank.


Signal manipulator for manipulating the audio signal having a transient event is running in transient remover 100, a signal processor 110 and the operation, the audio signal that can destroy the verticality consistency of the transient by it, the signal processor 110, to include a transient event not influenced by the processing which the vertical coherence of a transient event held in place any process which, inserted in the audio signal process on a signal where the transient event is removed prior to processing by the transient remover time may include a signal inserter (120) for parts.


An Acoustic Emission (AE) study of the martensitic and premartensitic transitions in nearly stoichiometric Ni-Mn-Ga alloy is reported. By comparing the AE with calorimetric results, it is shown that AE is generated at both transitions. The AE intensity at the premartensitic transition is extremely weak, in accordance with its weakly first-order character.The amplitude distribution of the AE signals recorded during the martensitic transformation is a power law, with an exponent α = 2.2 ± 0.1. This value is compared with recent results obtained in other shape-memory alloys.


The embedded Linux shallow earthquake exploration instrument software system structure comprises the introduction loading program module layer, embedded Linux operation system inner shell module layer, application component module layer, application program module layer and application database module layer of five different layers and interconnected module. It uses modularized lamination design to form a set of complete, clear in structure, accumulated in multi shallow earthquake exploration and treatment explanation, with component of the earthquake exploration instrument software device being shearable, with convenient system development, maintenance and update.


Waveform section technology is a method of detecting the abrupt change of statistics characteristic of the signal and determining the abrupt location. The coefficient of the autoregressive model is different between before the abrupt change and after the abrupt change of signal. The generalized likelihood ratio can measure the range of the two coefficient groups. The maximum likelihood ratio might be transformed into a measure of the range. The underwater acoustic transient signal can be detected by the range measure.


Rotational excitation rates have been computed for the asymmetric top molecule SiC/sub 2/ in collisions with low-energy He atoms. The intermolecular forces were obtained from an electron gas model, and collision dynamics were treated within the infinite-order sudden approximation. Total excitation rates, i.e., summed over final levels, are expected to be accurate to about 50 percent, and the larger state-to-state rates are likely to be within a factor of about 2 of the correct values, although some of the smaller (and less important) rates may be less accurate. These rates are also thought to reflect, within this level of accuracy, rates for excitation by collisions with H/sub 2/ molecules. 18 references.


Objective There are two main functions of gastrointestinal tract,digestion and absorption,and barrier function.The latter has an important defensive effect,which keeps the body away from the invading and damaging of bacteria and endotoxin.It maintains the systemic homeostasis.Intestinal dysfunction would happen when body suffers from diseases or harmful stimulations.The more serious intestinal disorders would harm the intestinal protective mechanism,or intestinal barrier function,and bacterial/endotoxin translocation,of intestinal failure(IF) would ensue.This article provides a critical review of the evidence indicating that an increase in bacterial translocation is associated with sepsis,and even the multiple organ failure syndrome in critically ill patients.The in-transit microorganisms play an essential role in the homeostasis of local and systemic immunity.Methods All studies published from 2000 to June 2005 about intestinal permeability,bacterial translocation,and systemic inflammatory response syndrome were located by search of PubMed.Results Clinical and experimental studies investigating the correlation between bacterial translocation and systemic inflammatory response syndrome,associated with the damage of the gut barrier function.To keep the mucosal barrier function intact is one of the main issues in the prevention of bacterial translocation.This could be achieved by the adequate delivery of oxygen and nutrient supplementation to the gut.Enteral nutrition,probiotic can be a good choice.Conclusion With a better understanding of the bacteria-host interactions in health and the alterations induced by critical illness,new therapies that improve the environment of both may lead to better recovery rates in intensive care unit patients.


✓ Experience with dorsal rhizotomy in 71 patients with intractable pain is presented. The authors believe this treatment is indicated for cancer patients who are in good enough physical condition to tolerate a laminectomy, have a moderate life expectancy, and whose pain involves structures innervated by one or several roots. An extremity should be denervated only if it is already without functional value. The advantage of sensory rhizotomy is that it produces a lasting anesthesia that is tolerable to the patient. The results Were good to excellent in 50 of the 71 patients. There were five operative deaths.


We explore some applications of the Standard Model (SM) Effective Field Theory (EFT) as a tool with which to describe generic nonresonant new physics (NP) at hadron colliders. A global fit of the dimension-six Wilson Coefficients relevant to top quark production is presented, utilizing diverse experimental datasets from both the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Runs I and II and the TeVatron, with current results in good agreement with the SM. Machinery is developed to systematically treat redundancies between higher-dimensional operators in the automated model-building and phenomenology toolkit FeynRules, and a general SMEFT model implementation for event generators detailed. We then investigate the importance of high momentum transfer final states in top pair production to the EFT fit, taking advantage of boosted reconstruction techniques. We find sensitivity is typically driven by fully resolved analyses in several benchmark scenarios for total integrated luminosity and experimental systematic uncertainties.


We study scaling behavior of a chiral order parameter in the low density region, performing a simulation of two-flavor QCD with improved Wilson quarks. The scaling behavior of the chiral order parameter defined by a Ward-Takahashi identity agrees with the scaling function of the three-dimensional O(4) spin model at zero chemical potential. We extend the scaling study to finite density QCD. Applying the reweighting method and calculating derivatives of the chiral order parameter with respect to the chemical potential, the scaling properties of the chiral phase transition are discussed in the low density region. We moreover calculate the curvature of the phase boundary of the chiral phase transition in the temperature and chemical potential plane assuming the O(4) scaling relation.


Folksonomy-based systems have recently experienced a relative success. However, due to the total freedom that such systems provide in its use, the users ended using tags which the associated vocabulary is improper to the purposes of retrieval and management of the categorized information. Thinking about this problems, in this paper we proposed the development of a method to suggest modifications in the set of tags of folksonomy-based system, trying to minimize the problems associated with the lack of control of the vocabulary used by users for the information categorization.


India is agricultural land and farming is that the major source of economy. 70% of the Indian population directly relies on agriculture. The common problem existing among the Indian farmers is to settle on the proper crop supported by the soil and atmospheric requirements. thanks to this, they face a significant setback in productivity. Our work proposes to assist farmers to determine the soil quality by analyzing its various parameters and suggesting crops supported by the results obtained using a machine learning approach. The system uses the Classification algorithm of K nearest neighbor to enhance the efficiency of the Crop Recommendation System. The system maps the soil and crop data to predict the list of suitable crops for the soil and it also provides knowledge about nutrients that are deficient in soil for the actual crop. Hence it leaves upon the user to make a decision on the crop to be sown. Thus, the system helps to supply knowledge to the dilettante farmers.


Passive wireless sensors provide an opportunity for long term monitoring of remote environments. Such devices are activated with an interrogation signal which enables them to transmit information via a return signal. Some systems utilize the same frequency for interrogation and the return, which causes unwanted interference, particularly in cluttered environments. This work considers an interrogation system for a different class of passive devices, i.e., passive harmonic transponders. Specifically, we present the results of a single-board software defined radio (SDR) interrogation system which transmits an interrogation signal at 1.3 GHz and receives a return at 2.6 GHz. The system is demonstrated with a device known as a passive, chipless frequency doubling reflectenna (FDR). The SDR platform enables a compact, low-cost, and quickly operating design. The mean absolute error of the proposed interrogator was found to be 1.15 dB when compared with laboratory instrumentation. Additionally, this system is capable of interrogating at 70 cm with an EIRP of only 0dBm.


The issue of armament and disarmament is essentially a political problem. Armament dynamics today are depicted in five levels: (1) Military-industrial complexes, (2) Superpowers' arms race, (3) Armament transfer to less-developed countries, (4) Arms races within the Third World, (5) Arms as a means of internal repression in the Third World. Disarmament of this structure of world-wide domination requires that a self-limitation of state sovereignty, to be exercised eventually by all nations, be initiated by the advanced military powers in the form of significant degrees of unilateral disarmament.


Abstract Entrepreneurs' work has been characterized as demanding. Knowledge about job demands and resources associated with entrepreneurs' work well-being is necessary to promote it. In this systematic qualitative review, we screened 1,870 studies, 27 of which were included in the final analysis. The first aim of this review was to identify the statistically significant predictors of entrepreneurs' work well-being. The second aim was to analyze the nature and quality of the included studies. Six types of statistically significant predictors of entrepreneurs' work well-being were identified—individual, job-related, social, leadership, business, and societal factors. Most of the studies reviewed were conducted in Europe, were cross-sectional, used convenience sampling, and measured job satisfaction as the outcome variable. Randomized intervention studies and prospective cohorts with large samples and validated measurements therefore need to be conducted in the future. The findings were discussed in light of previous models and results. The identified job demands and resources can be used to build effective well-being interventions.


To come to terms with the realization of ASEAN+1, Taiwan had concluded with mainland China a special free trade agreement (FTA), the Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA) in June 2010. This framework agreement provides an early harvest agreement of near-term tariff elimination, including detailed product schedules for goods and services from each side, with the final shape of fuller trade liberalization in goods and services taking years to negotiate and realize. The conclusion of the ECFA has been considered as a major breakthrough in cross-strait talks and economic relationships, even though it is by no means free from controversies inside Taiwan. The authors are therefore motivated by hot debates in Taiwan to reflect on the expected trade effect of the ECFA by taking into account the factor of cross-strait global production networks. In particular, we examine with a proposed model and statistical robustness, the trend of Taiwan-based firms' localization in mainland China, driven in part by constant movements in global production networks, which generates complicated and dynamic relationships between Taiwan's investment-induced trade and structural shift in Taiwan's exports to mainland China. Based on our empirical findings, we reflect on the conventional views on the trade effect of the free trade agreement. The results of our analyses tend to support a cautious view about the trade effect of the ECFA. Without denying the significance of the ECFA and deepening cross-strait economic relationships, we argue that the impact of the ECFA should be interpreted in a wider context than just the trade perspective, as the conventional wisdom and the existing evaluations suggested.


We consider a probability criterion based the location tracking scheme for personal communications systems. This scheme seeks to minimize the average signaling cost due to both paging and registration for individual mobile users. A timer-based location update and a single-step dynamic paging procedure are used. Each user-network interaction resets the timer and modifies the location record. The user registers when the timer expires. Users are paged over personally constructed paging areas. The size of these areas is an increasing function of the time since last user-network contact. The shape of the paging area depends on the particular probability distribution of user location. The problem formulation is applicable to arbitrary motion models assuming the associated user location distribution is available or can be estimated. As an illustrative example, we use a Brownian motion process for user motion and assume Poisson call arrivals. We then investigate the influence of user mobility and call parameters on the optimum timer value and on the optimum configuration of the paging area with P/sub c/ probability of paging success. We show that this scheme can reduce the cost by up to 50% as compared to the conventional timer-based scheme and the cost lower-bounds that of the adaptive location area tracking scheme with a proper choice of the probability criterion P/sub c/.


Improving Sexual Health Efficacy: A Qualitative Study of Female College Students' Experience with Sexual Health Education and Subsequent Capacity for Application


The probehead (microMAS) is developed for high resolution solid-state NMR observation of mass-limited samples. The probehead gives extremely high sensitivity of the spectra, and largely improves the limit of detection for solid-state NMR. As the results, the NMR spectra of μg order samples could be successfully observed using conventional 400MHz NMR within a few hours.


ABSTRACT The solubility of valsartan in ethyl acetate + (butanone, isopropyl ether) binary solvent mixtures was measured at temperatures T = 278.15–323.15 K and pressure p = 0.1 MPa with a laser monitoring dynamic technique by a synthetic method. The experimental data were regressed by the modified Apelblat equation, the general single model and the hybrid model. The experimental data are well correlated with the above models because the mean deviations (MDs) are less than 3.79%. The mole fraction solubility of valsartan increases with increase in temperature and enrichment in butanone content, while it decreases with increased mole fraction of isopropyl ether at constant temperature. In addition, thermodynamic studies, including Gibbs energy, entropy and enthalpy, were calculated by van't Hoff analysis. The results showed that the dissolution of valsartan in mixed solvents is endothermic, spontaneous and entropy-driven.


The field of medical sciences is an ever changing and a vast research area. There is a new invention every now and then; be it diagnostics or treatment of various diseases. This instantaneous field needs to maintain and store all the data in its history to dwell in the future. The field of image processing and retrieval is turmoil in diagnostics as well as detection of vivid diseases and disorders. The detection of a particular disease or disorder needs to follow a series of steps in order to identify the actual area of problem. For this particular detection, a large number of images are referred to find out just the initial information and after this the detailed information is acquired through conducting some follow up tests. The contents of images in the database are very carefully evocated so as to get better results. An image basically constitutes of three features - colour, shape and texture. These behave as three basic grounds for extracting various details from an image. The CRIR actually works on the image itself rather than the database. This means that the contents of the image (query image) are matched with those of the database images. This is a fine approach that filters appropriate content by reducing the garbage outputs to a great extent. CBIR provides better extraction from complex image structures. In the earlier methods (i.e. LBP, LDP & LTP) the value is computed by comparing the gray value of the centre pixel with its neighbours. In this thesis work, the Content-Based Medical Retrieval Algorithm is implemented for abstracting the more detailed information of medical image using Local Tetra Patterns. The proposed algorithm encodes the relationship between referenced pixel and its neighbour based on the directions. The directions are calculated using first order derivative in horizontal and vertical direction. The Algorithm describes the spatial structure of the local texture using the direction of the centre gray pixel (also called referenced pixel).The proposed method used the Euclidean distance for similarity measurement between query image and database images


This doctoral dissertation studying the use of French regionalisms, or diatopicisms, in literature, is situated in the fields of variationist linguistics and of discourse analysis. The study offers a detailed description of the concepts and current terminology in the recent discipline of Francophone differential linguistics as well as in the related branches of French discourse analysis. It pays particular attention to the methods applied in the identification of diatopic elements and the interpretation of existing sources – completed by field studies conducted by the author – as well as for an appropriate discourse analysis of diatopicisms in literature. Developing a new sociopragmatic paradigm, the author analyses the strategies that present meta-linguistically highlighted diatopicisms and their textual distribution in order to interpret what these procedures say obliquely about the diatopicisms in terms of their pragmatic and sociolinguistic characteristics. The large corpus analysis is presented in the form of dictionary articles, based on a model developed in French differential lexicography, and enriched by sociopragmatic sections. The author analyses all highlighted diatopicisms in the twenty-six popular novels of Yves Viollier which belong to the latter's sociolinguistic community (Vendee). The study shows that the strategies highlighting diatopicisms in the analysed novels – published from 1972 to 2009, realist and partly regionalist – are relatively rare. The ethos of the novelist's home region is partly created by the use of diatopicisms – but this is achieved through original choices, rather than largely shared stereotypes.


Phillips, Jonathan D., 2010. Relative Importance of Intrinsic, Extrinsic, and Anthropic Factors in the Geomorphic Zonation of the Trinity River, Texas. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 46(4): 807‐823. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2010.00457.x


Among all the cancer types, breast cancer is the leading cause of death for women worldwide. Breast cancer affects women of all ages after puberty in every country on the planet, with rates rising as they become older. Early detection of breast cancer, before it spreads, allows for more effective therapies and hence improves survival rates dramatically. Breast cancer screening with mammography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can considerably improve a patient's prognosis. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has consistently outperformed the competition in classification tasks a nd is currently being researched for use in breast cancer screening. Mammography is the most widely adopted imaging technique to check for breast cancer and early detection, but it has limitations and, like MRI technologies, it is not always accessible, especially in environments with limited resources. For these reasons, ultrasound has a significant impact on the diagnosis of breast cancer, both as an additional modality to mammography and MRI, and as a primary imaging modality in some areas. Breast ultrasound interpretation is a difficult task. Due to the difficulty of reading the images and the results, the use of breast ultrasound has been criticized for the increase in the number of false positives. In the present paper we refer to its applications in breast medical ultrasound imaging, such as lesion detection, segmentation, and classification, breast density evaluation, and breast cancer risk assessment; we refer to recent AI proposals aiming to predict the risk that a woman could develop breast cancer, also examining the limitations and future prospects of using AI in breast medical imaging.


Objective To investigate risk factors and countermeasure of patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage combined with pulmonary infection in death patients.Methods All of 59 death patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage from August 2002 to August 2012 were divided into pulmonary infection group and control group accord ing to whether with the infection,and to compare clinical features of the two groups.Results Of 59 elderly patients,51 cases suffered from pulmonary infection,with 86.4% of the rate.60 years of age or older,indwelling gastric tube,type 2 diabetes,chronic bronchitis is the independent risk factors for death in hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage pa tients complicated with pulmonary infection.Conclusion Elderly patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage combined with pulmonary infection can be due to many factors,and these risk factors decreasing can help reduce the incidence of lung infection.


Memorization of the Quran activities are activities that involve some intelligence in the process. Memorizing of the Quran can be done by anyone, from early childhood to the elderly. The focus of this study is on the process of memorizing of the Quran carried out by student at University. The study focused only on two boarding schools, namely the boarding schools of Krapyak and Kotagede, as boarding schools that have many students who study at University. The main problem is the influence of intrapersonal intelligence in the success of students in the process of memorizing the Quran. Intrapersonal intelligence here is the ability to recognize one's character and strength. With a good introduction to yourself, the possibility of successfully fulfilling the role of a student as well as a santri who memorizing the Quran is very possible. The results of this study are the higher intrapersonal intelligence of a santri, a higher percentage of success that will be achieved in the process of memorizing the Quran, although several other obstacles may be faced.Keyword: Memorization of the Quran, Intrapersonal Intelligence


W e study the two-alpha-particle (��) system in an Eective Field Theory (EFT) for halo- like system s. W e propose a power counting thatincorporatesthe subtle interplay ofstrong and electrom agneticforcesleadingtoanarrow resonanceatan energy ofabout0.1M eV.W einvestigate theEFT expansion in detail,and com pareitsresultswith existing low-energy �� phaseshiftsand previously determ ined eective-range param eters. Good description ofthe data isobtained with a surprising am ountofne-tuning.Thisscenario can beviewed asan expansion around thelim it where,when electrom agnetic interactionsareturned o�,the 8 Be ground state isatthreshold and exhibitsconform alinvariance.W ealso discusspossibleextensionsto system swith m orethan two alpha particles.


The device has a water resisting case (3) comprising an assembly of a satellite radio communication signal transceiver (2), autonomous energy supply source and an electronic control unit (5). The transceiver receives positioning messages emitted by a positioning unit (1), and the control unit controls activation of the transceiver. The case has an outer surface including a distress signal triggering unit (8) connected to the control unit.


This work presents a hybrid analytical-numerical approach to evaluate the integral representations for the time-harmonic electromagnetic (EM) field components produced in the air space by a vertical magnetic dipole (VMD) placed on a plane homogeneous conducting medium. Explicit expressions for the fields are derived by substituting a rational approximation, generated by the vector fitting algorithm, for the non-analytic part of the integrand of the electric vector potential. This permits to rewrite the representation for the electric vector potential as a combination of simple closed-contour integrals around the pole singularities of the rational approximation, which may be directly evaluated. As a result, each field component is given as a sum of cylindrical Hankel functions depending on the radial distance between source and field points, plus an exponential term that is a function of the total distance of the field point from the dipole.


. This article uses as its conducting thread the narrative literature published by the literary feuilleton inclu - ded in the magazine Galicia Emigrante (1954-1959, 37 números), edited by the republican exile Luís Seoane. The text connects the short stories published by the magazine to the efforts for popular education articulated in Galicia Emigrante . At the same time, the text relates this project to those transatlantic Cultural Cold Wars that were refracted, especially during the nineteen-fifties, to the culture organic to Galicianism. Using this framework, the article analyzes who tried to unsuc cessfully affect the debates on the future of a Galician nationalism resisting Francoism, either on exile or, if in Galicia, underground.


In the era of non-network communication, group polarization is a minority, mostly confined to one organization and one region. In the era of network communication, group polarization has a more prominent role and influence through the Internet, and its formation involves subjective factors such as herd mentality and objective factors such as social contradictions. Due to the role of new media technology and new communication context, the causes of group polarization in the network show more diversified characteristics of the times. As an IP that won Hugo Award, every step of the film and television road of "The Three-body Problem" has attracted worldwide attention. As the first derivative drama, "The Three-body Problem" animation bears great hope, but it also brings a lot of controversy and doubts. From the perspective of communication, this paper takes the cross-platform text of netizens' criticism of the animated version of "The Three-body Problem" as an example, and comprehensively uses the knowledge of journalism and communication, social psychology, sociology and psychology to study the connotation, types, causes and countermeasures of the phenomenon of network group polarization in contemporary China.


Objective:To detect expression changes of retinoi d acid receptors(RARs) and retinoid X receptors(RXRs) of PG and A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells before and after being treated with 9 cis RA in different time phase respectively. Methods:Relative RARs and RXRs mRNA quan tity in PG and A549 Cells was determined by RT PCR.Result s:RARα and RARβ mRNA levels in experimental groups were significantly higher than those of the control groups in every time phase. The other receptors had no distinct changes in both cell lines.Conclusion:RARα,RAR β of PG and A549 may have an important effect on cell growth and apop tosis introduction.


By summarizing the research data of urban households in S City in China, this thesis mainly studies the impact of governmental transition on consumption inequality and it finds that government transition  have certain impacts on social inequality. Government role, in the process of transiting gradually from the economic construction-oriented government to service-oriented government, has increased spending on education, health, social security and other public welfares. Relative fairness in education and health spending among different units of the system helps to narrow the gap of social inequality. However, spending on social security did not play the role of reducing inequality through redistribution, but has exacerbated the social inequality.


This is the first thematic study of Statius' Thebaid to be published in monograph form in English in the past twenty years. It examines in detail the thematic design and intent of the Thebaid and considers the question of its contemporary relevance. The book focuses on the central theme of power - how it is exercised on the supernatural and human levels and the consequences of its pursuit and abuse in terms of the human condition. An ensuing discussion explores the political undercurrents of the epic. This discussion is in four main parts: (1) 'Use and Abuse of Supernatural Power'; (2) 'Pursuit and Abuse of Monarchal Power'; (3) 'Consequences of the Abuse of Power'; and (4) 'Political Relevance to Contemporary Rome'. The views expressed represent a fundamental departure from previous studies and constitute a critical reassessment of the Thebaid. The provision of translations makes the book accessible to the Latinless reader.


With the help of platforms with haptic devices, rehabilitation areas for cerebrovascular accident patients can be attended with practices such as upper and lower extremity training. The application of training and/or rehabilitation protocols generates in disabled people the capacity for motor learning (movements executed quickly and accurately through practice). In this research article, we present the integration of a rehabilitation platform for upper limb, which is used by a pilot sample of users, who perform the evaluation of the user's workload during human-robot interaction using the NASA-TLX protocol, which is based on the assessment of load and mental fatigue. To generate the rehabilitation tasks from trajectory planning in the workspace of the haptic device and guarantee position convergence, a wavenet control (Multiresolution PID control based on wavelet transform and second generation neural networks as identification scheme) was implemented. The proposed adaptive control is evaluated on a 6-degree-of-freedom haptic device with high technological performance (Cyberforce) designed to position an exoskeleton CyberGrasp with the human operator in the loop.


A resolution of a high available and low cost web cluster system and its software architecture based on J2EE are given.Some excellent open-source projects are used and according to the characters of actual application,a relatively rational cluster policy is adopted.Meanwhile,with fully consideration of the system performance and maintenance,software architecture is designed using some design patterns.The system which has high efficiency and highly software reusability effectively settles the problems of reliability,scalability,integrality of massive transactions.A satisfaction result in the actual application is achieved.


A new class of nonlinear optical (NLO) polyimides incorporating a thermally stable chromophore has been synthesized and characterized. These polymers exhibit large and extremely


Most approaches for estimating optical flow assume that, within a finite image region, only a single motion is present. Thissingle motion assumptionis violated in common situations involving transparency, depth discontinuities, independently moving objects, shadows, and specular reflections. To robustly estimate optical flow, the single motion assumption must be relaxed. This paper presents a framework based onrobust estimationthat addresses violations of the brightness constancy and spatial smoothness assumptions caused by multiple motions. We show how therobust estimation frameworkcan be applied to standard formulations of the optical flow problem thus reducing their sensitivity to violations of their underlying assumptions. The approach has been applied to three standard techniques for recovering optical flow: area-based regression, correlation, and regularization with motion discontinuities. This paper focuses on the recovery of multiple parametric motion models within a region, as well as the recovery of piecewise-smooth flow fields, and provides examples with natural and synthetic image sequences.


Different scientific groups in Russia are successfully developing the complex of experiments and models directed to Space Weather problems. At present the complex consists of the following major parts: optics and radio observations of the Sun and a forecasting model of large solar flares; ground based monitoring of the heliospheric (neutron monitors) and geomagnetic (magnetometers) conditions; models of the geomagnetic storm forecasting; a model of galactic cosmic rays and a probabilistic model of solar energetic particles; monitoring of the radiation environment by satellites. The problems of compilation of these parts and perspectives of their future development are discussed.


Waterborne UV curing is a kind of green and environmental protection technology. Water-based photoinitiator is an important part of water-based UV-curable system. In the paper, the performance and research status of water-based homolytic fragmentation type photoinitiator including water-based benzoin derivatives and water-based acetophenone derivatives, as well as the water-based hydrogen transfer type photoinitiator involving water-based anthraquinone, thioxanthone, benzil, and dibenzophenone types were summarized. It was presented that the main development direction of waterborne photoinitiator is waterbased macromolecular photoinitiator and water-based polymerizable photoinitiator.


Abstract : This report is the final report on a one-year technology development program for fiber optic coupler components. The devices investigated and developed were three port couplers, directionals and 'T' couplers, and reflective and transmissive star couplers with 7, 19 and 32 ports or port pairs respectively. These coupler components were fabricated by direct fusion of plastic clad silica (PCS) fiber cores. Power division or distribution in these couplers is proportional to the ratio of the area of any port to that of the total coupler cross-sectional area, termed area ratio splitting.


In view of the present domestic situation that there are too few instruments with GPIB interface to constitute ATS conveniently, the paper introduces an interface converter between GPIB and RS232/485/Parallel port with 80C32, PSD3ll etc. The design is simple while its function is perfect and its operation is convenient.


Kinetic of adsorption and permeability of ultrafiltration membranes has been studied by means of
mathematical modeling. The developed mathematical model can be used both in the case of ultrafiltration
ofhumic substanses and in the case of ultrafiltration of other substances.


A general purpose novel reliability analysis method to estimate low probability of failure events for large complicated real nonlinear structures excited by dynamic loadings including seismic loading applied in time domain is presented. In this approach, only tens instead of hundreds or thousands of deterministic evaluations at intelligently selected points are used to extract the required reliability information. It is a significant improvement over other methods currently being developed in other disciplines. Several areas of response surface method are improved and advanced factorial design concepts are presented. The method is elaborated with the help of two informative examples. The proposed method found to be robust, efficient, and accurate. It can be used to estimate reliability of large complicated civil engineering systems.


Abstract Background A fast‐growing body of evidence suggests that dietary lipids influence cognition, but the effects of dietary fatty acid (FA) intake and plasma FA profile on cognitive function in obese populations are currently unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the dietary FA intakes and plasma FA composition and their association with cognitive functions in obese and overweight populations aged 35–64 years. Methods A total of 672 subjects were recruited and divided into normal‐weight, overweight, and obese groups based on their body mass index (BMI). Dietary information was collected using a semiquantified food frequency questionnaire. Plasma FAs composition was examined using gas chromatography. The mini‐mental state examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scales were carried out to assess the cognitive performance of each participant. Dietary FA intake and plasma FA composition were compared with rank transformation followed by one‐way ANOVA analysis across different BMI groups. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation between dietary FA intake and plasma FA composition and cognitive functions in normal‐weight, overweight, and obese subjects, respectively. Results Overweight and obese subjects consumed larger amounts of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) compared to normal‐weight participants (p < .05). Obese populations also had higher plasma levels of total SFAs and total monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFAs) than normal‐weight subjects (both p < .05). In addition, plasma levels of SFAs, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and MUFAs were negatively correlated with cognitive functions in obese subjects but showed no correlation in normal‐weight and overweight subjects. Conclusions From current data, we found higher plasma levels of SFA, PUFA, and MUFA in obese populations, which were associated with declined cognition. Lowering plasma FA levels may help maintaining normal cognitive functions in obese people.


Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Statin treatment is known as one of options to reduce the risk of CVD. However, it is still uncertain if statin treatment affects the renal progression and outcomes in CKD patients. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of statin treatment in CKD patients on clinical outcomes. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed CKD patients who visited to Gachon University Gil Medical Center with renal problems from 2003 to 2013. From a total 14497 CKD patients, 858 statin users were paired with 1: 1 with non-users for analysis using propensity sore matching. The primary endpoint was the all-cause mortality. Secondary endpoints are renal progression including doubling of serum creatinine and renal death. We also analyzed the data from stratification to find out the interactive factors for composite outcomes (doubling of creatinine doubling, renal death and all-cause mortality). Results: Statin was prescribed for 13.5% of study subjects. Statin treatment associated hazard ratios (HRs) [95% confidence intervals (CIs)] for all-cause mortality were 0.655 (0.502-0.855) in the unmatched cohort and 0.537 (0.297-0.973) in the matched cohort. In analyses for secondary outcomes, HRs (95% CIs) for the doubling of serum creatinine levels was significant only in patients with eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate) ≥ 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 were 0.744 (0.635-0.873) in the unmatched cohort and 0.767 (0.596-0.986) in the matched cohort. The HRs (95% CIs) for composite outcomes among those with and without eGFR ≥ 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 were 0.764 (0.613-0.952) and 1.232 (0.894-1.697), respectively (p for interaction, 0.017). Conclusions: These results suggest that statin treatment in early stages of CKD patients may useful related to renal progression and all-cause mortality. Further evaluation is needed to find out if early administration of statin in CKD patients improves the outcomes.


According to the census of 2001, 45% of population of India is in the age range of 0-19 years, with 21.8% in the adolescent age group of 10-19 years. [1] When we compare to rest of the world, India has the largest population of adolescents in the world. [2] Considering the fact that children and adolescents are future of any country and society, it is very important for any state to formulate policies to reduce morbidity and mortality in this age group.


Economists from the Center for Global Practice in Macroeconomic, Trade and Investment Policy (MTI) present trends in Russia's economic development in a World Bank report. The report also examines the feasibility of using cost-effective social security systems as the main tool for halving poverty.


The Illinois Emergency Management Agency (IEMA) is undergoing an earthquake readiness training throughout the state on October 19th. The program is called The Great Shakeout and it is for schools, businesses and first responders. This program is often ignored here because we seldom hear of earthquakes in our area. However, we have had small ones near DeKalb, and throughout the farmlands, the Southern third of our state. In Southern Illinois near the juncture of the Ohio and Mississippi was one of the largest earthquakes in the contiguous 48 states. Why then involve the whole state? When serving as principal I had my students participate. Why? Because our modern society is very mobile. The children in our classes are very likely to move and that move might be anywhere. Why not prepare them for the future. Some may even move to California where earthquakes are quite common. Of course, the largest city in our hemisphere is Mexico City and they just underwent a terrible disaster. Most remember the simple rule for fire "Stop, drop and roll". For earthquakes the agency has come up with "Drop, cover and hold on". Students, and everyone, are instructed to protect their heads because most of the injuries in modern earthquakes are from falling items in their own homes, schools or places of business. The simple mantra of "Drop, cover and hold on" if taught to young students can help them in the future. As in a fire, very few of us will actually need simple phrases, but God forbid if something would occur my former students hopefully will be prepared. Your students and children deserve the same. Event Manager At De La Salle Institute


As part of corporate Human Resource Management, the configuration of the workforce becomes more and more challenging since an increase of non-permanent, temporary, timely restricted labour can be observed, the so-called 'atypical employment'. At the same time, advancements in electronic HRM are promising a better handling of operative, but also of strategic HRM tasks. It is the objective of this paper to propose a conceptual design for the formulation of a strategy integrating e-HRM and atypical employment. Which advanced objectives can be reached by such an integrated strategy? Which tasks have to be covered in regard to this intersection? And which are the requirements for strategy formulation in respect to that integrated strategy? By this paper, we would like to strengthen the theory-practice-nexus by applying IT-related progress to a real-world phenomenon being relevant for contemporary workforce management on the strategic level.


Instant mixes offer great convenience to the homemakers to prepare traditional delicacies. It reduces the time and drudgery associated with the preparation. The present study aimed to at standardization of barnyard millet instant dosa mix. The impact of barnyard millet flour incorporation on sensory characteristics and shelf life of instant dosa mix was studied. Instant barnyard dosa mix with 50 per cent of barnyard millet flour was finalisedand assessed for shelf life. The particle size distribution of barnyard millet dosa mix and cooking characteristics of best accepted variation was carried out using standard procedures.The results revealed that, as millet flour increased, the thickness of dosa decreased and diameterwas increased, resulting in increased spread ratio.The nutrition composition of 100 g barnyard millet instant dosa mix contains9.50 % moisture, 12.67 % protein, 2.64 % fat, 1.81 % crude fibre,2.57 % ash, 72.62 %carbohydrates, 4.93 mg of iron, 2.21 mg of zinc and 23.94 mg of calcium. From storage study it is evident that the barnyard millet instant dosa mix stored in food grade aluminum foil pouches at ambient temperature can be stored for four and half months.


theseason of this alleged greater frequency in India may be not earlier fecundity there, but earlier exposure of a large number of girls to the risk of becoming pregnant. There are several important subjects, more on our inquiry, which I pass by with mention only. Among these is the influence of cold and of heat on the commencement and stoppage of menstruation, an influence regarding which it is scarcely, by the statisticl evidence, made probable that cold retards the appearance and hastens the stoppage, though many considerations support this view. Another is the generally accredited influence of nursing, in delaying the return of menstruation and the recurrence of pregnancy. Regarding these matters, Robertson has made valuable remarks, and collected many, though insufficient, observations. The great subject of interbreedingin its production of sterility I also pass


Asian seabass, Lates calcarifer (Bloch) fry were reared with Artemia biomass, PUFA enriched Artemia, Moina, PUFA enriched Moina, egg custard and fish meat as feeds. Survival and growth rates were recorded after 45 days of rearing. Maximum survival (88.7 ±4.1%) was observed in PUFA enriched Artemia, followed by non-enriched Artemia (85.33 ± 8.2 %), PUFA enriched Moina (84.0 ± 6.5 %), non-enriched Moina (82.0±1.6%), egg custard (71.3±6.6%) and fish meat (60.3±5.7%). Mean length increment was 41.2 ± 4.0 mm in fry fed with PUFA enriched Artemia biomass, followed by non-enriched Artemia (41.0 ± 6.1 mm), non-enriched Moina (29.0 ± 3.0 mm), egg custard (28.6 ± 3.7 mm), enriched Moina (26.8 ± 2.8 mm) and fish meat (22.3 ± 3.0 mm). However wet weight gain was in the order of non-enriched Artemia (0.90 ± 0.03 g), followed by enriched Artemia (0.86 ± 0.23g), egg custard (0.35 ± 0.1g), non-enriched Moina (0.31 ± 0.06 g), enriched Moina (0.23 ± 0.09 g) and fish meat (0.14 ± 0.05 g). Results have indicated that Artemia biomass enriched with PUFA is a better feed for rearing seabass fry.


The modern concept of infectious diseases is generally considered to date from the experiments in which Pasteur, in the years preceding 1860, exploded the theory of spontaneous generation. Without in the least detracting from these epoch-making discoveries demonstrating the role of bacteria in the production of disease, it should be pointed out that even as early as 1836, Agostino Bassi had discovered that a peculiar epidemic in silkworms known as mal calciniaccio or mal segno was associated with a fungus later identified as Botrytis bassiana and that, in 1837, Schonlein had identified a mold which he called a Favus. In 1845, Remak grew this organism on an apple section and successfully transferred a culture to his own arm. Somewhat later Gruby was transferring Favus from man to animal and vice versa. As early as 1841, Gruby had recognized the relationship between this fungus and a certain type of alopecia which


A data-based proportional integral derivative(PID) controller design method was introduced.In this method,the PID controllers were designed from the process input and output data collected in an open-loop test,without resorting to the availability of a process model preceding the controller design and trial-and-error procedure necessitated in the model-based PID design.By extending the Virtual Reference Feedback Tuning(VRFT) design to continuous time systems,the PID parameters were obtained by a least square solution of the optimization problem formulated in the frequency domain.As the specification of closed-loop reference model is important for the data-based PID design,the reference model can not be chosen arbitrarily.To investigate the effect of reference model on the data-based PID design,two reference models were used to design the PID controllers and the simulation results were compared.It was shown that the PID designs using the two reference models provided comparable control performance.


The features of the economic activity of budgetary institutions, including the restrictions and prohibitions established by the current legislation in relation to budgetary institutions, the interests of the state and medical institutions from the position of further improving the efficiency of their activities in the provision of paid medical services are considered. The analysis of the novelties of the legislation regulating paid services provided, including by budgetary medical institutions, is carried out; legislative initiatives to expand the independence of budgetary institutions, including in terms of the disposal of income received by them from income-generating activities; recent changes in the legal organization of medical activities, including clarification of the contractual mechanism for the provision of paid specialized services by medical institutions.


Abstract Immediate imitation is likely to be a major, direct input to Barresi & Moore's level 2 competence, but deferred imitation is unlikely to play a key role in the transition to level 3, because (1) the attribution of first person knowledge is neither a necessary cause nor an obvious consequence of deferred imitation, and (2) deferred imitation does not correlate phylogenetically with capacities that more plausibly either yield or reflect a concept of intentional agency.


High-utility-itemset mining, extended from frequent-itemset mining, considers external utilities of items in quantitative databases to obtain the itemsets with high utility. To easily understand those patterns with high utility values, fuzzy utility mining adopts fuzzy sets to increase the readability of the derived utility itemsets. However, real-world databases are usually dynamic. New transactions may be intermittently added, and the corresponding mined patterns must be updated to keep correct knowledge. In this paper, we propose an incremental method based on our previously proposed batch-processing fuzzy utility tree-based mining algorithm. The proposed approach adopts the fast-update (FUP) strategy. It considers newly coming data to readjust the head table and the tree structure, which generate desired itemsets in two phases. The experimental results reveal that the proposed algorithm outperforms the tree-based batch mining method.


As practitioners of Dentistry, our prime concern has been and always will be the protection of the public. Are we not also the public? Inhalation of bacteria, debris from the mouth, and now waste gases from anesthesia and analgesia delivery systems causing potential harm have been demonstrated. The following suggestions will effectively aid the clinician in minimizing contamination in the operatory. Our basic anesthesia set up for many years has been a semi-closed circle absorption system. With the addition of a gas evacuation pop off valve, which replaced the circle system pop off valve, we now have a closed scavenger system. A hose extends from the gas evacuation valve and is inserted into a fitting ofan exterior window (Figures 1 & 2). The exterior window fitting is closed with a rubber plug when not in use (Figure 3). The endotrachael tube is connected to a moisture collector (vapor condenser), and then to the circle hose (Figure 4). The gauge on the cannister indicates the pressure in cen-


There has been proposed a new approach to a neurocontrol synthesis under conditions of uncertainty. It does not directly use an optimization procedure. In terms of a synthesis technique, the proposed solution is close to inverse neurocontrol, but regarding its functions, the system has properties of a fast predictive control. There have been presented the comparison of the proposed approach with classical and modern proportional-integral-derivative (PID) systems that were obtained based on a numerical simulation and an actual control of complex plants.


This article addresses driving forces that influence Russian migrant physicians in Finland to stay permanently or return to Russia in post-migration. Despite many studies on Russian migration to Finland, little is known on the topic of highly skilled migration and especially the migration process of healthcare doctors. I argue that a blend of factors incites Russian physicians to stay, and these factors affect both present and future migration prospects. Using a qualitative life-course perspective and grounded on interactive migration theories, this study provides new empirical evidence of why Russian physicians decide to stay permanently in Finland. This study adds new knowledge on an under-researched immigrant group and in a less theorized research area in Finnish scholarship. Different social markers form contingent relationships with multiple objectives and implications in the personal and professional life-course of these migrant professionals, and the strategies they employ are analyzed within the context of a Nordic welfare country that is increasingly adapting policies to attract foreign-born health professionals. The study uses semi-structured interviews to provide empirical findings and evidence. The results inform us about important interactive multi-level factors that meet these migrants' negotiated aspirations and expectations to stay in Finland.


Electromagnetic locators cannot locate plastic pipe unless a conductor, tracer wire, is buried near the pipe and brought to the surface for signal injection. Wire shifting or damage reduces this type of locator effectiveness. This program`s objective was to see if any current Federal laboratory technology can locate buried plastic pipe better that tracer wire. A second objective was to determine how to identify Federally developed technology and transfer it to the gas industry.


Seagrass meadows play a vital role in coastal ecosystems health as constitute an important pillar of the coastal environment. So far, regional scale habitat mapping was implemented with the use of freely available medium scale satellite images (Sentinel-2 or Landsat-8). The Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) have increase the spatial resolution of the observation from meter to sub-decimeter. Using sub-decimeter imagery, seagrass can be mapped in great detail revealing significant habitat species and detect new habitat patterns. In the present study, we suggest a multi-scale image analysis methodology consisting of georeferencing, atmospheric and water column correction and Object- Based Image Analysis (OBIA). OBIA process is performed using nearest neighborhood and fuzzy rules as classifiers in three major classes, a) seagrass, b) shallow areas with soft bottom and c) shallow areas with hard bottom (reefs). UAS very high-resolution data treated as in situ observations and used for training the classifiers and for accuracy assessment. The methodology applied in two satellite images Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 with 10m and 30m spatial resolution respectively, at Livadi beach, Folegandros Island, Greece. The results show better classification accuracies in Sentinel-2 data than in Landsat-8. There was a great difficulty in the detection of the reef habitat in satellite images because it covered a small area. Reef habitat was clearly detected only in the UAS data. In conclusion, the present study highlights the necessity of new high precision geospatial data for examining the habitat detection accuracies on satellite images of different resolutions.


In this paper, we obtain the exact expressions for the edge a-Zagreb indices and coindices of some composite graphs, such as, double graphs, extended double graph, thorn graph and vertex subdivided corona graphs and their complements.


It was previously reported that 50 to 62% of the extracellular carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase) activity of cultures of Bacteroides succinogenes grown on cellulose was associated with membrane fragments or vesicles. It has now been found that most of the membranous CMCase can be released from the membrane fragments by treatment with bovine pancreatic trypsin at 25 °C. Trypsin also releases most of the membranous xylanase activity. Over 90% of each of the CMCase and xylanase activities released by trypsin was associated with components of molecular weights less than 43 000. The low molecular weight CMCase released by trypsin appeared heterogeneous in charge, although not in size. This CMCase component was slightly smaller than the low molecular weight CMCase naturally present in the crude extracellular fraction. Treatment of intact cells with trypsin did not release an appreciable portion of the cell-bound CMCase activity of cells grown on either cellobiose or cellulose.


IOWA HISTORY Iowa has a rich and long history of grape production. Grapes were grown in the Council Bluffs area as early as 1857. In 1900 the US Agriculture Census showed that Iowa produced 7,403,900 pounds of grapes and 76,301 gallons of farm-processed wine. Iowa ranked sixth in grape production in 1919 in the United States with more that 12 million pounds. Iowa grape production peaked in 1929 with a yield of 15.8 million pounds. The 1997 Census of Agriculture listed only 56,536 pounds of grapes harvested. Many agree that the downfall of the Iowa grape industry came about because of three major events. First was Prohibition from 1919 to 1933. Second and arguably the most important was the use of highly volatile 2,4-D on corn starting in 1944. By 1954, no vineyard in the state was free of 2,4-D injury. The final blow came on November 11th, 1940. The Armistice Day Blizzard killed most orchards and vineyards in the state. Then, during the winter of 1999/2000 Ron Mark of Summerset Winery in Indianola, Bill Brown of Timber Hill Winery in Leon, and Paul Tabor of Tabor Family Winery at Baldwin held three wine grape informational meetings across the state at three locations. These meetings planted the seed. There were only 2 native wineries and approximately five wine-grape vineyards in Iowa in 1999. Today there are 32 licensed wineries and 230+ wine grape vineyards in the state encompassing 500+ acres. ISU Extension map displayed at 2004 Farm Progress show.


Objective To study the relation between expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) and pathological characteristics in human pancreatic cancer and its relation with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and microvessel density (MVD). Method Immunohistochemistry staining (PicTure TM two steps method) was used to detect expression of HIF-1α, VEGF and CD34 in 47 paraffin-embeded pancreatic carcinomas and 10 normal pancreases tissues, and MVD was calculated on the sections marked with CD34 antibody. Results In pancreatic carcinoma, the positive rates of HIF-1α and VEGF and the level of MVD were significantly higher than those in normal pancreases tissues (55.3% vs 0; 61.7% vs 0; 37.61 ± 14.32 vs 7.55 ± 2.42, respectively; P=0.001, 0.0003; t'=13.51; P 0.01). HIF-1α and VEGF proteins expression and MVD were closely correlated with invasion and lymph node or distant metastasis (χ2=4.32,6.01,4.75,4.62,t=2.38,3.92,P 0.05), rather with size, histological grade and 1-year survival rate of patients (P 0.05). There was a positive relationship between the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF and MVD level (r=0.329, 0.594, 0.366; χ2=5.71,t=4.96, 2.64; P 0.05). Conclusions The HIF-1α gene may be activated by hypoxia, and the over expression of HIF-1α protein may induce tumor angiogenesis by activating the transcription of VEGF gene, promoting invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer. The expression level of HIF-1α, VEGF and MVD may be a useful biological index judging metastasis of pancreatic cancer.


The sustainability of any development depends on good capacity. Education is one of the principle activities to achieve sustainable development. This means any country that has an intense desire for sustainable development must be committed to a holistic and humanistic vision of quality education, the realization of everyone's right to education and the belief that education plays a fundamental role in human, social and economic development. It is through education (functional one) that everyone can respond adequately to contemporary challenges. Responding to contemporary challenges means building the capacity of individuals through education to face such challenges(http://www.unescoorg). Poverty is ravaging the nooks and cranny of not only Nigeria but also many countries over the world. Nigeria is one of the third world nations where a good proportion of the largest poorest citizens live(Millennium summit 2000). So many attempts and efforts have been made by Nigerian government to reduce poverty in an effort to improve the lifestyles of people; but one still discovers that these attempts and efforts are yet to yield the best of results. To break the circle of poverty or at the best reduce poverty among the people, education must play a major role in building the capacity of the people. It is evidently not possible for every community member in Nigerian society to become literate through formal education, this is why Adult education should be prioritized to provide literacy education and skill training while addressing the need for an integrated functional literacy or livelihood training programmes that encompass critical areas of adult education such as civic, cultural or environmental education or the broad field of continuing education. This is to equip learners or establish a livelihood or carry out economic activities after they have completed a course of training. For poverty reduction and sustainable development to be achieved by any country therefore, there is the great need for increasing equity and access to education, there is also the need to ensure that education develops knowledge and skills in all areas to the extent that people are empowered to shake off the shackles of poverty. This paper examines the importance of adult education programmes in poverty reduction in Nigeria.


Objective:To explore the related influencing factors of Qi-stagnation constitution.Methods:Participants with Qi-stagnation constitution and ones without Qi-stagnation constitution were screened using standardized constitution questionnaire in traditional Chinese medicine on the basis of cross-sectional investigation.A binomial Logistic regression was carried out on the basis of Qi-stagnation constitution(0=no,1=yes) as dependent variable and significant factors screened by sigle factor analysis as independent variables.Results:Primary school education background,preference for sweet and pungent foods and past medical history entered into the regression equation.Conclusion:Diseases induced Qi-stagnation is an important mechanism for Qi-stagnation constitution.


Network coding is that the nodes can combine and mix the packets rather than merely forward them. Therefore, network coding is expected to improve throughput and channel efficiency in the wireless network. Relevant researches have been carried out to adapt network coding to wireless multi-hop network. In this paper, we designed the network coding for bidirectional traffic service in routing layer and IP layer of Ad-hoc network. From the simulation result, the traffic load and the end to end distance effect the performance of the network coding. As end to end distance and the traffic load become larger, the gain of network coding become more increased.


Quercetin is a flavonol with anti‐inflammatory actions in macrophages; however no studies have investigated the benefits of quercetin (Quer) on tumorigenesis and inflammation in a mouse model of breast cancer (BrCa). Female C3(1)/SV40Tag mice were assigned to a Quer (0.2%) or control (AIN‐76A) diet (n=14–15) at 4wks of age and tumor number and volume were recorded bi‐weekly. At 20wks mice were sacrificed; tumors and mammary glands were analyzed for mRNA and protein expression. Quer significantly decreased tumor number (20wks) and volume (18.5–20wks); at sacrifice (20wks) average tumor volume was 2061.8 ± 977.0 mm3 in control mice and only 462.9 ± 75.9 mm3 with quercetin treatment. This was consistent with a reduction in invasiveness and numbers of ductal lesions in the mammary gland. Plasma MCP‐1 and tumor MCP‐1 protein was decreased with quercetin (P<0.05). Similarly, markers of pro‐tumor macrophages (CD206 and IL‐10) were reduced in the mammary gland of quercetin treated mice (P<0.05). However, tumor mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines, MCP‐1, IL‐6, and TNF‐alpha, and the macrophage marker, F4/80, did not differ between treatments. These data provide strong support for a beneficial effect of quercetin on inflammatory processes however, it is likely that inflammation‐independent pathways are also involved.


Introduction Negative symptoms has been classically associated with cognition, psychosocial functioning and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia. But negative symptoms are not a unitary construct, encompassing two different factors: diminished expression, and motivation and pleasure. Few works have studied the relationship between these two different negative symptoms factors and cognition (neuro and social cognition), psychosocial functioning and quality of life, jointly, in patients with a first psychotic episode of schizophrenia. Objectives The objective of the present work was to study, in a sample of patients with a first psychotic episode of schizophrenia, the relationship between the negative symptoms (diminished expression and motivation and pleasure) and neurocognition, social cognition, functioning and quality of life. Methods The study was carried out with 82 outpatients with a first psychotic episode of schizophrenia from two Spanish hospitals ("12 de Octubre" University Hospital, Madrid and "Virgen de la Luz" Hospital, Cuenca). The patients were assessed with the Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms (CAINS) for evaluating diminished expression (EXP) and motivation and pleasure (MAP) symptoms, the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) for evaluating neurocognition and social cognition, the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS), and the Quality of Life Scale (QLS). Results A negative correlation was found between neurocognition and the two negative symptoms subscales: CAINS-EXP (r=-0.458, p<0.001) and CAINS-MAP (r=-0.374, p<0.001); but with social cognition only CAINS-EXP was correlated (r=-0.236, p=0.033). Also, it was found a high negative correlation between SOFAS scores and CAINS-MAP (r=-0.717, p<0.001); and a medium negative correlation with CAINS-EXP (r=-0.394, p<0.001). Finally, QLS score was high correlated with both CAINS subscales: CAINS-EXP (r=-0.681, p<0.001) and CAINS-MAP (r=-0.770, p<0.001). Conclusions This study found a relationship between negative symptoms and neurocognition, social cognition, functioning and quality of life in a sample of patients with a first psychotic episode of schizophrenia. But the two different negative symptom factors, diminished expression, and motivation and pleasure, are associated differently with psychosocial functioning, but especially with social cognition where the relationship was only found with diminished expression symptoms. Disclosure of Interest None Declared


Hypothesis: In parasites that use hosts for offspring development, adults may base oviposition decisions on a range of host traits related either to host quality or the co-evolutionary relationship between parasite and host. We examined whether host quality or co-evolutionary dynamics drive the use of hosts in the bitterling-mussel relationship. Organisms: Six species of bitterling fish (Acheilognathinae) and eight species of freshwater mussels (Unionidae, Corbiculidae) that are used by bitterling for oviposition. Site of experiments: Experimental tanks in Wuhan, China, at the site of the natural distribution of the studied species. Methods: Three experiments that controlled for host accessibility and interspecific interactions were conducted to identify host preferences among bitterling fishes and their mussel hosts. We started with a broad interspecific comparison. We then tested bitterling behavioural choices, their temporal stability, and mussel host ejection behaviour of the eggs of generalist and specialist bitterling species. Finally, we measured host mussel quality based on respiration rate and used published studies on mussel gill structure to infer mussel suitability as hosts for bitterling eggs. Results: We found significant interspecific differences among bitterling species in their use of mussel hosts. Bitterling species varied in their level of host specificity and identity of preferred hosts. Host preferences were flexible even among apparently specialized species and fishes switched their preferences adaptively when the quality of individuals of preferred host species declined. Mussels varied considerably in their response to oviposition through egg ejections. Host preference by a generalist bitterling species correlated positively with host quality measured as the efficiency of the mussel gills to extract oxygen from inhaled water. Host ability to eject bitterling eggs correlated positively with their relative respiration rate, probably due to a higher velocity of water circulating in the mussel gill chamber.


Quantitatively analysis of the morphological response to shear stress on vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs) will facilitate understanding the growth mechanism and pathology of VSMCs.Image segmentation plays a key role in image analysis and is also the most difficult step in image processing pipeline.In this paper,firstly,the characteristics of the images of VSMCs cultured in the parallel plate chamber is analyzed in detail,then one segmentation strategy which has four steps based on watershed operators is proposed.Image preprocessing,illumination correcting,mathematical morphological reconstruction,watershed transformation are implemented according to the set sequence.The result shows a better separation cells from background can be achieved by using this method.At the end the result of image segmentation is analyzed and discussed.


Beginning with the predicament faced by Western urban planning discipline and practice, this paper identifies the hidden crises behind the booming development of urban planning schools and studies in China, namely, the lack of theoretical underpinning, the lack of theoretical creativity, and the lack of theoretical linkage from other disciplines. Although positioned on different development stages, the paper argues that the urban planning academe worldwide is on the verge of entering into an era of 'Theory of Planning' from the traditional epoch of focusing on 'Theory in Planning'. It further discusses the need for a systemic approach to establish a space-oriented theoretical framework for urban planning that embraces the principles of habitat, and particularly emphasizes that Chinese urban planning academia have to fully comprehend contemporary challenges and take them as the starting point of future research: 1) the environmental challenge of natural resources depletion; 2) the challenge of intensive urbanization; 3) the challenge to incentive structure under global competitiveness; 4) the social challenge of societal transformation; and finally 5) the changing nature of space due to the new information technology. The author thus calls for the Chinese urban planning discipline to strive for an international status in its research and theory building, that are at the same time valid in a Chinese context, contributing to healthy urbanization process and strategic city development.


A budget standard indicates how much a particular family living in a particular place at a particular time needs in order to achieve a particular standard of living. This article presents new estimates that build on the earlier budget standards produced by the Social Policy Research Centre in the 1990s. The new budgets incorporate increases in consumer prices and community standards and reflect changes in item availability, retail practices and shopping behaviour, as well as improved research methods, 20 years of use and experience, and new data. They are designed to achieve a minimum income for healthy living standard and apply to families with a breadwinner who is either in full-time work and receiving the minimum wage, or unemployed and receiving Newstart Allowance. The estimates suggest that although the minimum wage is adequate for single people, it is not adequate to meet the needs of many couple families with and without children, while Newstart Allowance does not provide an adequate safety net for the unemployed, whatever their family status.


It is clear for the transportation industry that asphalt prices are heavily affected by changes in the crude oil market. This occurs because asphalt is a byproduct of the process of refining crude oil. However, there is still a lack of research on assessing the economic implications of this relationship. This paper assesses those implications through an innovative statistical process designed to quantify the economic correlation between asphalt and crude oil price fluctuations in Alabama. The proposed statistical process is used in this paper to model the relationship between the Alabama Department of Transportation's (ALDOT's) monthly asphalt price index and a national crude oil index published by the US Energy Information Administration. The process quantifies the relationship between these two commodities in relation to two metrics: (1) the time gap between an observed change in the crude oil index and its corresponding impact on the asphalt price index and (2) the magnitude of that impact. It was found that the most likely time gap between crude oil and asphalt price fluctuations in Alabama is 3 months, with a change ratio of 0.58. This means that a 1% increase in the price of crude oil would most likely affect the Alabama asphalt market 3 months later with a price increase of about 0.58%. Recognizing that these are just average values, the paper also presents a risk assessment tool that provides ALDOT with the probability of occurrence of different scenarios taking into consideration the observed variability in time gaps and change ratios.


The experiences of the first middle school to pilot the ideas and concepts of the Accelerated Schools Project are described. The school is an inner-city public school with a population of at-risk students presently scoring below district and state achievement averages. The 689 students are 53 percent Hispanic, 23 percent Portuguese, 17 percent White, 3 percent Asian, 2 percent Filipino, and 2 percent African American. The Accelerated Schools Project is working to develop schools in which all children will succeed by closing the achievement gap early in schooling and accelerating learning by making it occur more efficiently. The middle school level adds some dimensions to the elementary school applications of the accelerated schools philosophy, in terms of student involvement and curricular, instructional, and organizational changes. The principles of the Accelerated Schools movement are articulated, and how they are applied in the school setting is reviewed. The experiences of the pilot middle school in the San Francisco Bay Area (California) are detailed as they begin to set priorities and create governance structures. The ongoing documentation processes of the pilot school are described. (SLD) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** THE ACCELERATED MIDDLE SCHOOL: MOVING FROM CONCEPT TOWARD REALITY U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Eaocationat Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC, Xhis document has been reproduced ..s eceived from the person or organization originating it C' Minor charges have been made to improve reproduction Quality Points of new or opinions stated in INS docuwent do not necessarily represent officiat OERI position or policy Wendy S. Hopfenberg Stanford University


The ultrasonic motor (USM) is a type of actuator driven by frictional force. At present, because of their excellent features, USMs are used in a range of applications, such as for autofocus of cameras and in actuators for devices in MRI environments and microrobots. However, because the dynamic characteristics of USMs vary according to temperature, humidity, and load conditions, their mathematical modeling is difficult. Thus, PID control has conventionally been used for the control of USMs. However, conventional PID control with fixed gains cannot compensate for the non-linear characteristic variation of a USM. In this research, we propose a novel hybrid particle swarm optimization (PSO) system for USM control. The proposed method uses PSO to automatically tune the optimized PID gains. The experiments demonstrated that optimized gains in USM control can be obtained in real time, and high accuracy.


We have developed simple and inexpensive microfluidic cells using liquid core waveguide (LCW) principles and rapid 1,1'-oxalyldiimidazole derivative chemiluminescence (CL) reactions. A micro-mixing tee was connected directly to polymer tubing used as the microfluidic cell to obtain proper mixing rates of CL reagents and analytes at pH 6.5, and syringe pumps delivered an appropriate range of flow rates (6.0–25.0 Pl/sec). The length of LCW in a typical microfluidic cell needed to obtain the optimum CL efficiency for each PAH was 2.0 cm. With this configuration, very low concentrations of PAHs were quantified. The microfluidic cells devised in this research enable us to solve several problems (e.g, design of detection channels for complicated CL reactions, larger size than those for absorbance or fluorescence detection, high cost, limited applications) associated with previous products that have used detections based on other, less efficient, CL reactions. (e.g., luminol, peroxyoxalate).


A novel ferroelectric frequency tuner was developed by the Ornega-P company and was tested at the Brookhaven National Laboratory on a 1.3 GHz RF cavity at room temperature. The tuner is based on the ferroelectric property of having a permittivity variable with an applied electric field. The achievable frequency tuning range can be estimated from the reactive impedance change due to an applied voltage via a S{sub 11} measurement at the tuner port. The frequency shift can be measured directly with a S{sub 21} measurement across the gun cavity with the tuner connected and activated. The frequency change due to an applied 5 kV obtained from the two methods is in reasonable agreement. The reactive impedance measurement yields a value in the range between 3.2 kHz and 14 kHz, while 9 kHz is the result from the direct measurement. The detail description of the experiment and the analysis will be discussed in the paper.


This paper proposes a fractional order PID analytical design framework for industrial robot based on digital twin. The effectiveness of the digital twin real-time optimization framework is verified by the simulation of PMSM motor speed control. The digital twin framework implemented in this paper consists of three following parts: multi-domain modeling, behavioral matching and control optimization. Firstly, the physical system is modeled to realize the omni-directional monitoring of robot and the kinematic simulation of single-axis motor. A model similar to the real physical system can be obtained in the step of behavioral matching, which is conducive to the next step of controller parameter optimization. The analytical design method of the five-parameter fractional order PID controller is then presented to optimize the parameters based on the accurate model after behavioral matching, so that the control system can meet the given frequency domain specifications and the required tracking performance. The simulation results show that the fractional order PID controller is robust to loop gain changes. In terms of time domain performance specifications like rise time, overshoot, and adjustment time, fractional order PID controller performs better than integer order PID controller.


This three-round delphis urvey of senior IS executives is the third ain a series designed to determine the most critical issues in IS management. Analysis focuses on respondents' assessments of specific issues as well as emerging trends. Key findings include: (1) continued concern for traditional issues such as strategic planning and organizational alignment; (2) only six of the top issues from 1986 remained in the top 10; (3) one new issue, technology infrastructure, made the top 10: (4) three issues from previous studies rejoined the top 10-IS human resources, software development, and telecommunication systems; and (5) data-related issues now occupy the top two slots. This research reveals two important trends as the field enters the 1990s. First is the rising importance of technology infrastructure issues. Technology infrastructure issues now occupy three of the top 10 slots including the highest position. Second, it appears that internal effectiveness issues have made a strong comeback after being virtually ignored in 1986. IS human resources, software development, and the applications portfolio-issues that make up the core of the IS function-all increased in importance.