Objective To observe the effect of proximal humerus fractures in ederly patients with PHILOS.Methods From december 2012 to October 2013,27 patients with proximal humerus fractures were treated with open reduction and PHILOS internal fixation.Results All patients with proximal humerus fractures were treated by internal fixation effectively.In the durations of follow-up ranged from 5 months to 34 months(average of 17.6months),all of patients obtained bony union.According to Neer articulatio capitis humeri function scoring system), fineness rate was 88.9%.Conclusion PHILOS had the advantage of stable fixation and earlier functional training,it was proved to be an effective method in treatment of elderly proximal humerus fractures.


This paper quantitatively studies the interaction of education and occupation choices and its implication in accounting for changes in the relative wealth of households over 1983-2001 in the United States. Among households whose head is a college graduate, the ratio of the average household wealth between the self-employed and workers has increased by 137%. At the same time, the ratio of average household earnings between them has increased by 57%. These observations show that wealth inequality as well as earnings inequality have increased over this period. Are changes in relative average earnings sucient in accounting for changes in relative average wealth? I build on a model of wealth distribution to include education and occupation choices, where earnings are dictated by education-occupation speci c productivity processes. By calibrating these productivity processes to match the earnings observations separately for 1983 and 2001, I quantitatively derive how much this exercise can account for the changes in the relative average wealth of college self-employed households. The results show that it can account for one-third of the change in the relative average wealth between college self-employed and college worker households. This study can identify some institutional changes which could further account for the changes in the wealth inequality observed in the data over the period


By introducing a properly defined Hamiltonian and a Hamiltonian-like equation, the necessary conditions of optimal spatially independent control, spatially distributed control and boundary control of a class of counter-current distributed-parameter systems, the system dynamics of which are described by a hyperbolic system of first-order partial differential equations, are derived by calculus of variations. For a linear hyperbolic system with quadratic performance criterion to drive the system from one steady state to another a linear feedback control law is derived using the conjecture $


In this paper ,ac omplete characterization of the linearity sweet-spot evolution in MESFET/HEMT devices is presented. A globa le xperimental extraction of the Ids(Vgs,Vds) Taylor series coefficients is use dt o introduce the small-signal behavior in the linear and saturated regions. The possibility of taking advantage of these points in different applications is also discussed. For the first time, a characterization of the influence of both bias voltages on the device transition towards the large- signal regime is presented. Finally, a technique for improving the linearity-efficiency tradeoff in a class B/C power amplifier (PA) is introduced.


In this study, we examined the effect of chronic hypoxia (CH) on cGMP‐PKG‐mediated relaxation in pulmonary arteries. Isolated ovine intrapulmonary arteries (PAs) from ewes exposed to CH (ewes kept at 12,470 ft altitude for 110days) or matched controls (ewes kept at sea level) were preconstricted with endothelin‐1 and relaxed to 8‐Bromoguanosine 3′,5′‐cyclic monophosphate (8‐Br‐cGMP), a cell membrane‐permeable analog of cGMP, or to DETA NONOate, a stable nitric oxide donor. We found that control PAs relaxed to NO through both cGMP‐dependent and ‐independent mechanisms. In CH, NO‐mediated relaxation increased significantly, suggesting that guanylyl cyclase activity may be upregulated in these vessels. We observed minimal PKG‐mediated relaxation to 8‐Br‐cGMP both in control or CH PAs. Inhibition of ROCK with a Rho‐kinase‐specific inhibitor (Y27632), induced increased relaxation of CH PAs to cGMP, but not in control PAs, suggesting the upregulation of Rho/ROCK signaling in CH. Increased nitration of cysteine (S‐nitrosylation) and tyrosine (3‐nitrotyrosine) residues as well as a significant increase in ET‐1‐induced RhoA activation was detected in CH PAs compared to controls. These effects are mimicked by the exposure of control PAs to exogenous peroxynitrite (ONOO‐). These findings suggest that altered redox balance in chronic hypoxia and the ensuing reactive species‐mediated post‐translational modification of RhoA lead to the activation and upregulation of the Rho/ROCK constriction pathway inducing sustained pulmonary vasoconstriction.


Service-oriented government is relative to regulatory government. It replaces the traditional values of "official-based, government-based and power-based". The value orientation of "citizen-based, social-based and rights-based" is a modern government management mode which is completely different from the traditional government management mode. It is the future development direction of Chinese government. The basic way to build a service-oriented government is to carry out government innovation. The construction of a service-oriented government requires a comprehensive innovation in the management concept, system and methods of the government.


The dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) is a latest technology to push the intelligent transportation system into our day to day life and is very important architecture in VLSI. Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) is a key enabling technology for the next generation communication-based safety applications. One motive of vehicular safety com-munication is the routine broadcast of messages among all equipped vehicles. The DSRC standards generally adopt FM0 and Manchester codes to reach dc-balance, which enhances the signal reliability. This paper depicts the various parts of the DSRC system and its application in VANITY application. Manchester encoder and FM0 encoder has been used as the encoding technique for the channel transmission. In this paper a vehicular DSRC system is prepared using the vehicular model. Vehicular systems administration can include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) correspondence, vehicleto-framework (V2I) correspondence. This paper not only develops a Vehicular DSRC system VLSI , but also exhibits an efficient performance compared with the existing works.


Tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS) is a dominantly inherited autoinflammatory disease characterised by recurrent episodes of fever, arthritis and serositis. In adulthood, inflammation often becomes persistent1 and AA amyloidosis may occur. Evidence of dysregulated secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, particularly interleukin 1 (IL-1) beta, in autoinflammatory diseases recently supported anakinra, the recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist, as a target therapy for most of these conditions.2 3 In TRAPS, response to anakinra was reported in two case reports and in one prospective trial, in which five patients were treated for a mean duration of 11.4 months.4,–,6 However, longer follow-up and additional observations are warranted. We report the long-term efficacy and safety of anakinra in seven TRAPS patients with and without …


Polyethylene glycols can be used as effective phase transfer catalyst in halogen exchange fluorination.Thus,the reaction rate under microwave was about 3 times that with traditional heating in preparation of p fluoronitrobenzene from p chloronitrobenzene using PEG-6000 as phase transfer catalyst,and p fluoronitrobenzene could be obtained in 91 6% yield.Similarly,yields of o fluoronitrobenzene, 5 chloro 2 fluoronitrobenzene and 3 chloro 4 fluoronitrobenzene prepared from o chloronitrobenzene,2,5 dichloronitrobenzene and 3,4 dichloronitrobenzene by halogen exchange reaction under microwave were raised to 79 2%,66 7% and 82 8% respectively and reaction rate enhancements were respectively as high as 6 times,24 times and 52 times that with traditional heating.Experimental results demonstrated that although the conversions of p chloronitrobenzene were similar when using polyethylene glycol with different molecular weight,much different yields of p fluoronitrobenzene were gotten,and the less the molecular weight of polyethylene glycol used,the lower the yield of p fluoronitrobenzene.


A prospective study was conducted to determine the frequency of thrombocytopenia following the subcutaneous administration of low-dose heparin (5,000 units every 12 hours). Sixty-five patients were treated for an average of 11 days. Two of the patients developed thrombocytopenia during therapy, for an incidence of 3 percent. These data suggest a relatively low frequency of thrombocytopenia during heparin prophylaxis. Several suggestions are made regarding monitoring platelet counts during low-dose heparin therapy.


As a development step towards the implementation of the Inflatable Space Rigidized Antenna Reflector (ISRS) technology for antenna reflectors, a 10 meter Large Offset Antenna Demonstrator (LOAD 10) ISRS antenna reflector was designed, built, tested and evaluated. The authors present the electrical performance of the antenna evaluated on the basis of the measured parabolic surface of the built reflector. The influence of the surface accuracy on gain, side lobe level, cross-polar level and interference level between isofrequency beams is described.


Abstract Objective  The aim of this study is to determine parents' knowledge levels and attitudes about childhood human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and reveal the differences between parents who are health care workers and nonhealth care workers. The HPV vaccine can potentially prevent initial HPV infection and HPV-related genital and anal precancerous disorders and cancers. Methods  Questions and attitudes toward childhood HPV vaccination were asked to 564 parents who agreed to participate in the study. Results  In our study, the rate of health care worker parents considering having their children vaccinated against HPV (63.1%) was higher than that of nonhealth care worker parents (11.4%). Only 5% of parents had their children previously vaccinated against HPV; however, there was no difference between parents who were health care workers and those who were not. In addition, this rate was relatively low compared to other paid vaccines (49.8, 35.3, and 18.8%, respectively). Parents who had not previously vaccinated their children against HPV were considering getting their children vaccinated, especially if a pediatrician recommended it. Conclusion  The parents' high level of health literacy may not be effective in deciding to vaccinate their children against HPV. Therefore, adequate information and awareness should be provided to all parents about HPV vaccination as early as possible for all children of appropriate age. Pediatricians should be given important roles in raising the awareness of parents about childhood HPV vaccination by health authorities.


The bark of the faloak (Sterculia sp.) Tree utilized by the people of Timor Island is limited as a source of medicine. The efficacious substances in faloak bark which are known to have antibacterial properties are flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins. The purpose of this study was to measure the inhibitory power of ethyl acetate fraction of ethanol extract of faloak tree bark (Sterculia sp.) Against the growth of Salmonella thyposa bacteria. Ethyl acetate fraction was obtained from the bark of faloak (Sterculia sp.) Tree which was macerated with 70% ethanol so that the ethanol extract from the bark of faloak tree (Sterculia sp.) Was obtained. The extract was fractionated using a liquid-liquid partition with a mixture of ethanol-water (2: 3) and ethyl acetate. The results of the fraction were identified qualitatively, then antibacterial activity was tested using diffusion method with antibacterial effectiveness parameters based on the diameter of the inhibition zone around the cylinder. Antibacterial activity test carried out on ethyl acetate fraction obtained from fractionation of ethanol extract of faloak (Sterculia sp.) Tree bark was carried out with 3 concentration treatments namely 25%, 50% and 75% and 3 replications for each treatment. The measurement of inhibition zone diameter showed that ethyl acetate fraction of ethanol extract of the bark of faloak (Sterculia sp.) At a concentration of 25% b / v, 50% b / v did not show any antibacterial activity, as seen from the absence of the resulting inhibition zone while at a concentration of 75% b/v showed antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhoid with an area of 15 mm inhibition zone. The conclusion was that ethyl acetate fraction of ethanol extract from the bark of faloak tree (Sterculia sp.) Had antibacterial activity against Salmonella thyposa bacteria at a concentration of 75% b/v.


This test was conducted in an irrigated field of sunflower located at the Southwest Kansas Branch Experiment Station near Garden City, KS. Seven insecticidal treatments and 1 untreated check were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Individual plots were 4 rows (3 m) wide by 12 m in length with 1.52 m separating blocks. Plots were irrigated and cultivated as needed. Insecticides were broadcast over-the-row using a backpack CO2-activated sprayer equipped with hollow-cone sprayer nozzles (TX6), The sprayer was calibrated to deliver 165.5 liters of finished material per hectare at an operating pressure of 2.1 kg/cm2. All treatments were applied on 23 Jul at 30% bloom and again on 30 Jul at 100% bloom. Temperatures at application (early morning) were 18.9�C and 17.8�C on 23 Jul and 30 Jul, respectively. Larval densities were determined by dissecting and examining 6 heads randomly selected from the center 2 rows of each plot. Heads were sampled 2 weeks after the first insecticide application. Total rainfall from the time of first application to posttreatment evaluation was 1.50 cm. Plots were not harvested for seed yield determinations because bird depredation of the maturing seed prevented reliable yield comparisons.


An spectral data acquisition system is designed using NMOS linear image sensor. The system structure is illustrated and the S3904 NMOS linear image sensor is introduced in detail. A CPLD is used to generate the clock pulses of S3904 and control the AD converter of the video signal output. The USB is used to transfer the digital video data to the control computer and on/off state of the system. GPIF transmission is used in the USB communication of the system with upper computer. Experiment results show that the system can implement spectral data collecting at a frequency of 500 KHz.


Abstract To test the efficacy of formalin in controlling the fungus Saprolegnia, we administered daily formalin treatments (1,667 mg/L for 15 min) to embryos (eyed eggs to hatch) of brown trout Salmo trutta and compared their survival with that of untreated embryos. The study was conducted each year from 1996 to 1998. In all 3 years, embryo survival to hatch in both groups was greater than 90%. Survival to hatch was not significantly improved in the treated trays of eggs compared with the untreated trays, where dead eggs were manually removed for Saprolegnia control. Both formalin treatments and hand-picking of dead eggs adequately controlled visible fungal development. Although not essential for fungal control, formalin treatments on high-quality brown trout eggs from the eyed stage of embryo development through hatch are recommended to provide reductions in hatchery labor, but only if they can be administered safely.


Activated sludge was domesticated to enrich aerobic denitrifiers in sequence batch reactor with nitrate as substrate,DO over 5mg/L and in intermittent aeration mode.With sodium succinate as carbon source and bromothymol blue(BTB) as pH indicator,20 BTB agar plate positive strains were isolated,from which four of them were identified as aerobic denitrifiers.Results showed that under the conditions of sodium succinate as carbon source,nitrate as unique nitrogen source and C/N less than 10,TN removal rate could reach above 60% in four days.Partial 16S-rRNA analysis primarily supposed that two were members of Pseudomonas and one of Delftia.


We serially measured the levels of serum N‐terminal peptide of type III procollagen (PIIINP), the 7S domain of type IV collagen (IV‐7S), and hyaluronate (HA) before (0 month), at the end (6 months), and 24 weeks after the end of interferon therapy (12 months) in patients with chronic hepatitis type C to estimate the effects of interferon alfa (IFN‐alpha) on serum levels of hepatic fibrogenesis markers. One hundred twenty‐one patients with chronic hepatitis type C received intramuscular injection of 6 million U of natural IFN‐alpha for 24 weeks. Patients were divided into three groups: sustained complete response (CR‐S), complete response with rebound (CR‐R), and nonresponse (NR). Serum PIIINP, IV‐7S, and HA levels were significantly decreased and reached normal levels at 12 months in CR‐S; only IV‐7S levels were significantly decreased at 12 months in CR‐R, whereas these levels remained abnormally high in the NR. These results suggest that IFN‐ alpha therapy could lower the levels of serum hepatic fibrogenesis markers along with improvements in hepatic inflammation.


Daytime surface swarms of the euphausiid Meganyctiphanes norvegica occurring off Brier and Long Islands in the Bay of Fundy were studied during the summers of 1979 to 1983. Individual swarms were found to have highly skewed sex ratios; both male dominated and female dominated swarms were encountered but female swarms were more common. Individuals in surface swarms comprised a restricted part of the population when compared to samples taken at depth and when compared to the population structure of this species at similar times of year in other studies. Both males and females were in breeding condition; males possessed ripe spermatophores, females were fertilized and exhibited ovaries in an advanced stage of maturation. The presence of swarms was accompanied by bursts of M. norvegica eggs in the plankton on spatial and temporal scales coincident with the swarming events. It is concluded that these swarms are related to reproductive activity.


Abstract:The aftermath of World War I, the "war to end all wars," left the world with as many new problems as it did resolutions. State powers tested and expanded the boundaries and interpretations of international law; in the end, there were the triumphant Allied Powers, the heavily wounded Central Powers, and millions of displaced individuals left adrift in the wake. Never before had the international community attempted to address the issue of refugees, and the product of the postwar efforts did not provide a complete solution. This paper will analyze the international community's response to the massive refugee crisis and ultimately demonstrate that the Nansen passport system alone was insufficient to fully address the problem.Part I will explore the development of the Nansen passport system. Beginning with a brief overview of the existence—or lack—of a formally regulated migratory process prior to the war, the paper will discuss the development of the Nansen passport system in the muddled mess of the postwar period. This will be followed by a description of the strengths and weaknesses of the Nansen passport system.Part II will address a spectrum of factors that states considered when applying the passport system in response to the international refugee crisis. On one end of the spectrum exists the quantitative measures of simple numbers and hard politics. At the other end lies more qualitative factors like ethno-religious identity, whose defining feature is the lack of political definition. Because nothing is as simple as black and white, each extreme will be followed by an illustration of the murky middle—where qualitative factors interact with the quantitative. To illustrate this spectrum, the analysis will cover Russian political dissidents, the Christian Armenian population, and the Eastern European Jews.Part III offers a brief glimpse beyond the spectrum of factors discussed above and instead looks to the response of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). By doing so, the case examples will illustrate the limitations of the Nansen passport system's design.Part IV concludes, finding that the Nansen passport system was more prominently used as a tool for self-interested political maneuverings rather than humanitarian concern. Despite this characterization, the passport system was able to highlight the relevance of nonstate actors such as NGOs.


Background and Objectives: Todays, oxidative stress that leads to change in the quality of food and incidence of various diseases, such as cancer and other diseases in the human body, has drawn attention. In this study, antioxidant effects and profile of amino acid composition of products were investigated. Methods: In this study, protein hydrolysate was produced from oyster ( Saccostrea cucullata ) by papain and trypsin enzymes. The antioxidant activity of the product was measured using free radical scavenging activity (DPPH), chelating activity, and iron reduction activity in two different concentrations of 0.5 and 1 mg/ml protein. Also, the amino acid composition of the products was assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography, and the chemical score was calculated. Results: The highest DPPH free radical scavenging activity, chelating activity, and iron reduction power for papain products were respectively determined to be 67.66±0.31%, 88.34±0.12%, and 0.99±0.12 and for trypsin products were estimated 52.17±0.22%, 77.11±0.09%, and 0.65±0.02, respectively. The highest antioxidant activity was seen in the concentration of 1mg/ml (p<0.05). The highest percentage of the essential amino acids was for histidine, lysine, leucine, and methionine. The chemical index for histidine, lysine, and methionine was above 1 and for the other essential amino acids was determined below one. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, the protein hydrolysate produced from oyster by the papain and then trypsin enzymes, showed a good antioxidant activity, in which the appropriate hydrophobic amino acid composition involves. The products could be used for pharmaceutical exports after clinical trial.


In this paper, a modified PI-D controller with pulse width pulse frequency (PWPF) modulator with on-off thruster for a rigid satellite is tuned under uncertainties in a quasi- normalized form. A modified proportional-integral-derivative (PID) based on observer method is used as a controller. Uncertainty is considered on thruster model, thrust level, and external disturbance parameters. Thruster is modeled with a constant delay followed by a second-order binomial transfer function. The modulator update frequency, the input to the on- off thruster, is limited to 50 Hz. Controller gains are tuned and optimized using a multi-objective genetic algorithm. The simulation results of the deterministic optimization show that the rise time is reduced and the overshoot is removed. Moreover, robust optimization is applied to this problem using a combination of deterministic optimization and Monte Carlo simulation. Next, the statistical properties of the results, such as expected value and variance are evaluated. These properties are used as the objective functions of the optimization problem, and the results are compared to each other. The variation of objective function in robust optimization is reduced, which means that the robustness under uncertainties is enhanced. Using quasi-normalized equations and merging the moment of inertia, thrust level and filter gain with other parameters, the results are more general and useful for other spacecraft with different characteristics.


The Mechanical Engineering Technology (MET) program at Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) caters to a unique and diverse population of students. The students entering the program are divided between individuals fresh out of high school and preparing to pursue degrees full-time with an expectation of completion in four years and those who have already begun careers in industry and are seeking to improve their opportunities for advancement and whose expectation for graduation is further in the future. Thus, in catering to this diverse community of students, IUPUI's MET program has experimented with some innovative, and non-traditional, approaches to course design. One area where this innovation has proved noteworthy is in the design of the MET capstone course, where three different formats are employed in an effort to meet the needs of the student population. This paper discusses one of those options which stretches the boundaries of capstone pedagogy and tradition.


Satellite images contain an enormous data warehouse and give us details to the general perspective of what is happening on the earth's surface. These images are essential for agricultural development research, urban planning, surveying and, especially for evaluating the location design of broadcast stations, the input of coverage simulation and signal quality in telecommunications. The analysis of large amounts of complex satellite imagery is challenging while the evolving semantic segmentation approaches based on convolution neural network (CNN) can assist in analyzing this amount of data. In this paper, we introduce an approach for constructing digital maps with dataset provided by Google. We utilize the efficient U-Net architecture, which is an efficient combination of EfficientNet, namely EfficientNet-B0 as the encoder to extract the geographic features with U-Net as decoder to reconstruct the detailed features map. We evaluate our models using Google satellite images which demonstrate the efficiency in terms of Dice Loss and Categorical Cross-Entropy.


The authors are quite correct in emphasizing the extreme importance of an estimated normal water supply to the planned economy of the semi-arid West. This has no doubt led to a considerable discussion of the runoff normals as published in the United States Weather Bureau forecast bulletins. The normal for the Colorado River at Lees Ferry for the years 1920–1944 as published in Weather Bureau forecast bulletins is 10.5 million ac ft (given as 11 million ac ft by authors). This compares with a normal of 12.7 million ac ft for the period 1922–1944 as computed from the published values of actual measurements by the United States Geological Survey. This difference in normals is quite appreciable, and since the Geological Survey normal is simply an average of measured values, the quests arises as to why the Weather Bureau normal is so much lower.


In this article, we present the design of a dual‐band (3.5 and 5.8 GHz), meandered monopole antenna for Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)/Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications, which is fed by an asymmetric coplanar strip (ACS). The proposed antenna is comprised of an asymmetric ground plane, an ACS‐fed structure, and coupled meandered monopole‐type of radiating elements that are designed to provide the two desired operation bands, namely 3.5 and 5.8 GHz. The two resonance frequencies of the antenna can be controlled by adjusting the dimensions of the radiating elements, namely the two meandered monopoles, and the gap between them which controls the coupling. The designed antenna has a small size, which is only 20 × 12 mm2 including the ground plane. Simulated and measured results are presented to demonstrate that the proposed dual‐band antenna is well suited for WLAN and WiMAX applications. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:2370–2373, 2013


This paper introduces a new coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed square slot antenna with loading metallic strips and a widened tuning stub for broadband operation. The simulation and experimental results of the proposed antenna show the impedance bandwidth, determined by 10-dB return loss, larger than 67% of the center frequency.


The pattern of change of signal intensity over time in contrast enhanced MR images of the breast is a useful indicator of malignancy. In this paper a new pixel mapping method for visualising the ti ...


Nylon 66 and nylon 6 yarns were exposed in air, nitrogen, and vacuum to temperatures form 136 to 215°C. for periods from 5 min. to 17.5 hr. The moisture absorption of both fibers is reduced by the exposure independently of the presence of oxygen or of antioxidant. This is ascribed to secondary crystallization. Simultaneously, the electrical resistivity is increased. The breaking strength is reduced by exposure in the presence of oxygen unless the polymer contains antioxidant. The extent of oxidative cleavage was measured by the viscosity-average molecular weight Mv of nylon 66. Simultaneously, a reduction of the amine endgroup content was observed. It occurs only in the presence of oxygen and approaches a limit indicating that some amine groups are not subject to elimination. If oxygen is absent or the polymer protected by antioxidant, the Mv increases. Sorption of hydrochloric acid is reduced by the exposure. Only 80% of the amine groups in the unexposed and 55% in the exposed nylon participate in acid binding at pH 2.5. The rate constants of cleavage as manifested by Mv and of the process leading to disappearance of amine groups were determined for nylon 66. The activation energies were calculated 40 and 36 Kcal./mole, respectively.


Eastern Texas and Louisiana white-footed mice, Peromyscus leucopus, were examined for non-geographic and geographic variation in three external and five cranial measurements. Non-geographic variation was found to be as great as geographic variation. Eastern Texas specimens averaged smaller in most measurements, but this trend was not consistent. Eastern Texas specimens previously referred to P. 1. brevicaudus are not morphologically distinct from P. 1. leucopus. The white-footed mouse, Peromyscus leucopus, was described from specimens captured in the "pine barrens of Kentucky." Osgood (1909) assumed this locality to be near the mouth of the Ohio River, but he left no doubt that the trinomen P. 1. leucopus was best applied to speci- mens from southern Louisiana. Osgood examined no material from eastern Texas, consequently he was unable to assign white-footed mice from this area to any subspecies. Davis (1939) described P. 1. brevicaudus as a new subspecies in eastern Texas from 19 specimens taken in Walker, Trinity, and Brazos counties. This race supposedly averaged smaller in total length, tail length, hind foot length, and length of nasal bones than P. 1. leucopus to the east and P. 1. texanus to the west. Lowery (1943) referred a specimen from Vowell's Mill, Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana, to P. 1. brevicaudus. Several workers have challenged the validity of P. 1. brevicaudus. Herrmann (1952) pointed out that Brazos County, Texas mice were similar to specimens of P. 1. leucopus from Bryan County, Oklahoma in body length, tail length, and maxillary toothrow length. McCarley (1953) noted little difference in skull length of specimens from these two counties. Later, McCarley (1959) presented evidence that eastern Texas white-footed mice were not distinct from southeastern Louisiana specimens in four external measurements and synonymized P. 1. brev-


The ribosome consists of small and large subunits each composed of dozens of proteins and RNA molecules. However, the functions of many of the individual protomers within the ribosome are still unknown. In this article, we describe the solution NMR structure of the ribosomal protein RP‐L35Ae from the archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus. RP‐L35Ae is buried within the large subunit of the ribosome and belongs to Pfam protein domain family PF01247, which is highly conserved in eukaryotes, present in a few archaeal genomes, but absent in bacteria. The protein adopts a six‐stranded anti‐parallel β‐barrel analogous to the "tRNA binding motif" fold. The structure of the P. furiosus RP‐L35Ae presented in this article constitutes the first structural representative from this protein domain family. Proteins 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


In this study, a system design was developed to detect the xylene which is the one of the harmful chemicals for water resources. In the system, phthalocyanine coated quartz crystal microbalance (Quartz Crystal Microbalance - QCM) was used as chemical sensor. For sensor preparation an automatic coating instrument is employed which is based on airbrush technique. By using the designed measuring system, changes in the oscillation frequency of the QCM sensor were observed by the microcontroller based control unit and it was determined whether the sample includes xylene or not. According to the results obtained, it has been observed that the response of the sensor and the system is a linear response in the measured range. Moreover, the measurement data was transferred to the internet via Wi-Fi connection and the data changes can be observed online with the developed Android application.


The authors introduce and study the message delay and channel throughput behavior of a channel-sense multiple access/spread-spectrum (CSMA/SS) scheme. It is assumed that each net station can gain information as to whether the total number of ongoing transmissions exceeds a given threshold, M, or not. This entails, for example, the availability of an ancillary low-rate out-of-band or in-band signaling channel. A transmitting station will abort its transmission upon the reception of a signaling message indicating that the current number of transmissions exceeds the prescribed threshold. A random-access scheme is used to control the access of messages to the channel. Using derived performance equations, numerical results are presented illustrating the delay-throughout performance of such a CSMA/SS scheme. Key parameters involved in this performance analysis include: channel bandwidth, error-correction code capability, and propagation delay. Given an average message length, an activity threshold level M can be selected to yield the best delay-throughput performance characteristics. >


Craticula buderi (Hustedt) Lange-Bertalot was established by Hustedt in 1954 as Navicula buderi, after which this diatom was transferred to the genus Craticula by Lange-Bertalot (Rumrich et al. 2000). I found several specimens of C. buderi in the Chechło River in southern Poland during diatomological studies of this area. Craticula buderi is known from North America (USA; e.g., Bahls 2009), South America (Colombia; e.g., MontoyaMoreno et al. 2013), Australia (Queensland) and New Zealand (Bostock & Holland 2010), and the Middle East (Israel; Tsarenko et al. 2000). In the Arctic it is known from Ellesmere Island (Michelutti et al. 2013), and in Europe from Great Britain (Hartley et al. 1986), Germany (Hofmann et al. 2013) and Romania (Cărăuş 2012). This diatom is widespread in Central Europe, where it is known from water of high calcium content and moderate to higher electric conductivity, including saline water (Lange-Bertalot 2001; Bąk et al. 2012; Pliński & Witkowski 2013). Previously the species was reported only from two localities in northern and central Poland (Dziengo 2003; Żelazna-Wieczorek 2011; Fig. 1). There is little published data on the distribution of C. buderi in Poland. For the diatom names regarded as synonyms of Craticula buderi (Navicula pseudohalophila Cholnoky 1960, Navicula adsidua R. E. M. Archibald 1971) I found no information on their distribution in Poland. Other Navicula species similar to Craticula buderi [Navicula simplex Krasske, N. halophila (Grunow) Cleve] are known from Poland (Siemińska & Wołowski 2003). Navicula simplex Krasske is known from the Baltic coastal zone (Rumek 1948; Mańkowski & Rumek 1975; Ringer 1985), the Mazurian area (Chudyba 1979), the Vistula River near Warsaw (Wysocka 1952; Tyszka-Mackiewicz 1983) and a fish pond in Mydlniki near Kraków (Siemińska 1947). The last diatom that can be mistaken for Craticula buderi is Navicula halophila [= Craticula halophila (Grunow ex Van Heurck) Mann]. Craticula buderi was regarded as a synonym of Navicula halophila by Krammer and Lange-Bertalot (1986). Now these two species are treated as separate taxa, Craticula buderi and C. halophila, which differ considerably in valve shape and size (Lange-Bertalot 2001). Craticula halophila is well known from saline springs and waters of high to very high electrolyte content. This publication discusses the distribution of Craticula buderi in Poland and provides brief information about its morphological variability in LM and SEM, observed in the samples collected from the Chechło River.


In order to investigate the morphology of oocytes which were recovered from ovarian follicles at several developmental stages and to examine the in vitro maturity of recovered oocytes, rabbit ovarian oocytes were recovered by mincing the ovary with a pair of razors and/or cutting isolated follicles. Twenty four point six oocytes per ovary were recovered by mincing the ovary with a pair of razors, and 19.9% of them were surrounded by a thick layer of cumulus cells. The mass of ovarian tissue remnant was digested by a collagenase solution to isolate ovarian follicles at several developmental stages. A great number of ovarian follicles (304.9±114.0 per ovary) could be collected by enzymatic isolation, however, it is difficult to isolate follicles over 700μm in diameter. The oocytes from antral follicles which were isolated enzymatically ( ?? 300 Am in diame-ter) were obtained by cutting with a pair of razors, but oocytes could not be recovered from preantral follicles by the same procedure. Some oocytes obtained by cutting follicles were cultured for 20 hr in TCM 199 supplemented with 15% FBS for in vitro matu-ration. Oocytes with a thick layer of cumulus cells were obtained only from follicles over 700 Am in diameter. They emitted the first polar body in vitro at a higher rate as compared with the other types of oocytes, which were surrounded by a thin or partial cumulus cell layer or had no cumulus cells at all. All types of oocytes resumed meiosis in vitro, although high percentages of the oocytes from the smaller follicles and/or in the cumulus free oocytes degenerated. These results suggest that a combination of mincing ovaries and cutting follicles which were isolated enzymatically or mechanically is useful for recovering a great number of oocytes. However, in vitro maturity of those oocytes depends on the follicular size and/or cumulus cells' adhesion to the oocytes.


With the reform of transforming exam-oriented education to quality-oriented education, students are required to develop their ability and hands-on skills, in addition to knowledge learning. Under this circumstance, more and more students are getting involved in STEM education, especially in China. Though STEM education provides a solution to the development of problem-solving skills in an interdisciplinary way, a practical STEM teaching model has not yet been proposed. This study explored a STEM teaching model in high school to provide a reference for high school STEM course design. Through case study in "Bridge Design and Construction", the proposed model was verified. Results showed that students could apply knowledge to solve practical problems in an interdisciplinary way and gained various abilities.


Transient capacitances were numerically investigated for Ge∕Si heteronanocrystal memories. Flatband voltage shifts (ΔVfb) were obtained. The results suggest that the Ge∕Si heteronanocrystal memories have significantly longer data retention compared with the memories embedding Si nanocrystals only. It is also found that larger heteronanocrystal leads to longer retention, larger device capacitance, and smaller ΔVfb.


The invention discloses a method for locking zero-sequence directional elements applied to a line with no transposition and double circuits on a same tower. The method comprises the steps of extracting the components of the positive sequence currents, the components of the negative-sequence currents and the components of the zero-sequence currents of a protected line after a longitudinal zero-sequence direction protection device is started; judging the size relation between the ratio of the components of the zero-sequence currents and the components of the positive sequence currents and a threshold value k1; judging the size relation between the ratio of the components of the negative-sequence currents and the components of the positive sequence currents and a threshold value k2 if the ratio of the components of the zero-sequence currents and the components of the positive sequence currents is smaller than the threshold value k1, judging as a ground fault when the ratio of the components of the negative-sequence currents and the components of the positive sequence currents is smaller than the threshold value k2, and opening the zero-sequence directional elements; judging as an interphase un-grounded fault when the ratio of the components of the negative-sequence currents and the components of the positive sequence currents is larger than the threshold value k2, and locking the zero-sequence directional elements. The purpose of correctly distinguishing the ground fault and an interphase fault of the line with no transposition and double circuits on the same tower can be achieved.


We present a new approach to paratactic content aggregation in the context of generating hypertext summaries of OLAP and data mining discoveries. Two key properties make this approach innovative and interesting: (1) it encapsulates aggregation inside the sentence planning component, and (2) it relies on a domain independent algorithm working on a data structure that abstracts from lexical and syntactic knowledge.


The ultrasonic method can be used for testing and analyzing the pore size of concrete. By studying the spectrum curves which is formed by ultrasonic transmitting at different thickness concrete panels can we get different time regular patterns of head waves formed by ultrasonic going through homogeneous concrete, compact grouting pore, grouting incompact pore, not grouting pore. All these provide a basis for predicting prestressed bellows pore grouting quality and judging whether there is interspace in pore. By artificially setting defects in bellows pore, for example, filling the pore to completely empty, 1/4 compact, 1/2 compact, 3/4 compact, fully compact and then embedding them in a concrete slab for ultrasonic testing. Test results show that the ultrasonic method can effectively evaluate the grouting quality of prestressed bellows pore.


ABSTRACT Enlightened by the Caputo fractional derivative, this study deals with a novel mathematical model of heat transport in a functionally graded thick plate in the context of Taylor's series expansion involving memory-dependent derivative for the dual-phase-lag (DPL) heat conduction law, which is defined in an integral form of a common derivative with a kernel function on a slipping interval. The medium is considered as a thick plate, both the surfaces of which is taken to be traction free and the lower surface is subjected to different time-dependent thermal loadings (thermal shock, periodically varying thermal loading and ramp-type heating) while the upper surface is kept at zero temperature. Laplace transform technique is employed to find out the analytical solutions and the inversion of Laplace transform is carried out using a method based on Fourier series expansion technique. According to the graphical representations corresponding to the numerical results, conclusion about the new theory is constructed due to the effect of nonhomogeneity. Excellent predictive capability is demonstrated due to the presence of memory-dependent derivative and nonhomogeneity also.


1. An apparatus for roll forming, containing! Bending roller device arranged to roll forming the sheet material into a continuous beam having a longitudinal line level, the continuous beam having a first surface and an opposite second surface; and! formation bending station, located in line with the line level and adapted to impart a longitudinal profile of the continuous beam; at this station the formation of bends comprises a main bending roller in contact tangentially with the continuous beam along the level line, and a movable portion for tightly holding a continuous beam from the primary bending roller for a distance, providing partial coverage situated downstream side of the primary bending roller to form bending, and further includes an actuator for controlled movement of the movable part at least partially around the races Assumption downstream side of the primary bending roller between at least first and second positions for imparting at least the first and second different longitudinal profiles continuous beam, the bending formation station includes a fixed side plate serving as a support main axis for the primary bending roller, and the movable part includes a U-shaped auxiliary frame serving as a support roller retainer, wherein the auxiliary frame includes legs pivotally adjunction unity to the main axis of the retaining roller on one end, the ASIC


The main purpose of this project was to assess the effectiveness of fiberglass wrappings in reducing the corrosion degradation rate of concrete bridge columns. To evaluate the effectiveness of the technique, the research team used both nondestructive and destructive test methods. The results of the study show that the wrappings, while protecting the columns from further ingress of chloride ions, do not help deter corrosion activity when it is already present. Recommendations for the future use of fiber wraps, complemented with other remediation techniques and maintenance practices, are provided.


Benign lymphoid polyposis is a rare histologic entity and should not be confused with malignant disease of the colon and rectum. We present a case of lymphoid polyposis in the intestine in a 26 years old male patient who was admitted for the treatment of faecal fistula. He had history of appendectomy, followed by ileostomy four years back. Physical examination revealed multiple faecal fistulae in the right lower abdomen. Right-sided hemicolectomy was done. Gross examination showed multiple polyps through out the specimen; the junction between caecum and ascending colon was found partially stenosed. Microscopy revealed polypoid structures consisting of multiple lymphoid follicles with prominent germinal centers. A stenosed area represented probable fistulous tract within the fibrosis. The final diagnosis was lymphoid polyposis based on clinical, gross and microscopic features. Keywords: Lymphoid polyposis; Faecal fistula. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bsmmuj.v4i2.8643 BSMMU J 2011; 4(2):119-121


In August 2022, Garvin Yapp, a 57-year-old migrant farm worker from Jamaica, was killed while working on a tobacco farm in Ontario, Canada. Yapp's untimely and preventable death came just days after Jamaican farm workers penned a letter comparing their working conditions in Southern Ontario to "systematic slavery." What was glaringly missing were accounts of the experiences of Black immigrants, like Yapp or my grandmother, who represent a large percentage of Black Canadians. Their stories and our stories were missing. When in reality, "We deh yah!" ). Black immigrants, specifically those from the eastern Caribbean, are a notable part of Canada's history and present yet the Canadian curriculum often essentializes the Black American experience as representative of Black Canadians. While Black Canadians born in the US are an important part of the Black Canadian population, this essentialization of Black Canadians obscures the lived realities of Black Canadians who often experience antiblackness that is shaped by their intersectional identity, related to citizenship, language, and socioeconomic status. Thus, to truly apprehend and challenge the manifestation of antiblackness in Canada, it is imperative to recognize and understand the diversity of Black Canadians. This article offers two things educational stakeholders, like teachers, should consider in order to work towards recognizing the diversity of Black Canada


The problem that whether FDI can exacerbate China's haze pollution is very worthy of attention. This research used the SLM to test the space relationship between FDI and haze pollution in China. The results showed as follows: PM2.5, PM10 and FDI in China have strong spatial auto-correlation and spatial clustering phenomenon; FDI has a negative effect on Chinese haze pollution, in which an increase of 1% in FDI, the concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 will decrease 0.0064%~0.1897% and 0.04%~0.1573%; GDP and haze pollution is a relationship of N-form, Population size, urbanization level, environmental regulation, construction area, and energy consumption will exacerbate concentration of haze. Therefore, the "pollution haven" hypothesis on FDI is not yet established in China. Therefore China can continue to increase the intensity of FDI investment in environmental protection industry to governance haze pollution. Introduction With the continuous promotion of foreign direct investment, China's economy has developed rapidly and its achievements are remarkable. According to the National Statistical Yearbook (2016), the data show that China's FDI inflows during 1978-2015 has reached 1.62 trillion U.S. dollars, contributing 4% -5% of China's economy. But with rapid economic growth, smog and other air pollution problems are becoming more and more severe. Especially since the end of 2011, large-scale haze pollution problem has become more frequent and harmful in China. To cope with these serious environment problems, Chinese government issued new air quality standards timely in 2012, and it's the first PM2.5 standards in the developing world. At the same time, the research on natural physical factors of haze pollution in China has been further developed, and the social factor analysis based on haze pollution has begun to increase gradually. Is the rapid growth of FDI a social-economic factor in China's haze pollution? This problem has become a strategic research issue that cannot be ignored and cannot be avoided in the construction of ecological civilization in China. Because FDI is already quite high in China's pollution-intensive industries. In 2015, FDI accounted for 37.84% of the total investment in the polluting industries according to database. [1] This fact attracted us pay close attention to whether FDI is the cause of the severe haze pollution in China. Based on this, this paper used the spatial econometric model to test the influence of FDI on haze pollution. Literature Review One of the main theoretical foundations of FDI for environmental problems in host countries is "Pollution Haven Hypothesis" (PHH), which comes from the theory of Copeland and Taylor (1994). PHH has pointed out that as developed countries have higher environmental awareness and environmental standards than developing countries, the environmental cost of polluting industries in developing countries is lower than in developed countries. In this case, the pollution industry in developed countries will be transferred into developing countries, resulting in a "polluted paradise" for developing countries. But there are important differences about "polluted heaven" between many scholars. The first argument supports the "pollution paradise" hypothesis. Such as Robinson (1988), Hettige (1992), the world bank (2000), Wheeler (2001), Kolstad (2002), Cole (2011) through the


Preface ix Acknowledgments xvii About the Authors xix 1. From Compliance to Ownership: Why and How Colleges and Universities Assess Student Learning 1 Stanley O. Ikenberry and George D. Kuh PART ONE What Works? Finding and Using Evidence 2. Evidence of Student Learning: What Counts and What Matters for Improvement 27 Pat Hutchings, Jillian Kinzie, and George D. Kuh 3. Fostering Greater Use of Assessment Results: Principles for Effective Practice 51 Jillian Kinzie, Pat Hutchings, and Natasha A. Jankowski 4. Making Assessment Consequential: Organizing to Yield Results 73 Jillian Kinzie and Natasha A. Jankowski PART TWO Who Cares? Engaging Key Stakeholders 5. Faculty and Students: Assessment at the Intersection of Teaching and Learning 95 Timothy Reese Cain and Pat Hutchings 6. Leadership in Making Assessment Matter 117 Peter T. Ewell and Stanley O. Ikenberry 7. Accreditation as Opportunity: Serving Two Purposes with Assessment 146 Peter T. Ewell and Natasha A. Jankowski 8. The Bigger Picture: Student Learning Outcomes Assessment and External Entities 160 Jillian Kinzie, Stanley O. Ikenberry, and Peter T. Ewell PART THREE What Now? Focusing Assessment on Learning 9. Assessment and Initiative Fatigue: Keeping the Focus on Learning 183 George D. Kuh and Pat Hutchings 10. From Compliance Reporting to Effective Communication: Assessment and Transparency 201 Natasha A. Jankowski and Timothy Reese Cain 11. Making Assessment Matter 220 George D. Kuh, Stanley O. Ikenberry, Natasha A. Jankowski, Timothy Reese Cain, Peter T. Ewell, Pat Hutchings, and Jillian Kinzie References 237 Appendix A: NILOA National Advisory Panel 261 Appendix B: NILOA Staff, 2008 to 2014 263 Index 265


ADA transition plans document the condition of facilities and programs (such as transportation infrastructure) and identify changes that are necessary to make the facilities fully accessible and in compliance with the Americans Disability Act (ADA) of 1990. This report examines the pedestrian infrastructure in and around the Atlanta downtown convention hotels. The report follows the format of a generic ADA transition plan, outlining: the areas examined, accessibility issues evaluated, tools and methodologies used in evaluation, findings and documentation, suggested mitigation measures and timelines, and potential funding needs. The researchers used Dragon Con as the annual baseline convention event for the area. The research team examined how convention attendees would use and travel between the buildings and transportation options in the area, and conducted accessibility evaluations in those areas. Findings of the report show that the buildings are nearly completely compliant to ADA standards, and have high levels of accessibility for people with all levels of physical ability. However, the sidewalks, crosswalks, and curb ramps in the areas between and around the buildings are in need of significant repairs and redesign to comply with ADA standards. Problems such as crumbling curb ramps, obstructions and narrow sidewalks, crosswalk potholes, and steep grades and cross slopes make some routes inaccessible to many users. Each of the problems found by the research team is documented with photos, text, field measurements, and each includes a proposed fix and associated cost.


The most frequent errors in the localization of lesions for pendular radiotherapy are studied. Suggestions are given about the manner of avoiding these errors and various methods for reaching these localizations are described their effectiveness is proven by means of X rays made by the same therapeutic equipment.


The promise of genetic engineering to reduce the burden of disease on the human population, alleviate suffering and provide new avenues for mastering disease has recently been overshadowed by the announcement by He Jiankui of successful germ line modification of two human embryos, and their subsequent successful birth. The use of gene editing technologies enabled by CRISPR-Cas9 and related systems to successfully modify the germ line of humans has now been proven. The ramifications of this event are significant for both medicine but also in diverse other areas of human society. Such technologies can now be considered as a possible route to achieve military, economic and social advantage compared to rivals. In this article the possible emergence of a genetic warfare escalation is highlighted, and some simple avenues for military use of gene editing to enhance and augment friendly forces, or target enemy forces, are identified. We suggest that He's work, conducted clandestinely and apparently outside of regulatory frameworks, possibly represents the Trinity Test of genetic warfare, and momentum driving an emerging genetic warfare arms race may be beginning to gather.


The coexistence of viruses and their hosts implies constant and mutual evolutionary pressure. In addition to the fundamental systems necessary for viruses to replicate and spread, viruses have developed accessory systems to escape killing by the host's immune system. Herpesviruses have been coevolving with their hosts over millions of years and are exquisitely well adapted to their respective partners. Biological criteria have long been used to subdivide the family Herpesviridae into three subfamilies, namely Alpha- , Beta- , and Gammaherpesvirinae . Members of the Alphaherpesvirinae have a narrow in vivo host range, a short replication cycle, and the capacity to establish lifelong, latent infections, primarily but not exclusively in neu-rons of sensory ganglia (50). Their linear, double-stranded DNA genomes vary between 124 and 177 kbp in length and generally consist of regions of unique sequences flanked by direct or inverted repeat sequences. The subfamily includes human pathogens as well as a number of animal viruses of considerable agricultural and economic importance (Table 1). The human pathogens herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), HSV-2, and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) are the causative agents of cold sores, genital ulcerous disease, and chickenpox/ shingles,


Institutional data on initiating and maintaining a low‐titer O positive whole blood (LTOWB) inventory for the civilian trauma sector may help other institutions start a LTOWB program. This study from a level 1 trauma center with a hospital‐based donor center highlights challenges faced during the collection, maintenance, and utilization of LTOWB.


The hypoxia‐inducible factors (HIFs; isoforms HIF‐1α, HIF‐2α, HIF‐3α) mediate many responses to hypoxia. Their regulation is principally by oxygen‐dependent degradation, which is initiated by hydroxylation of specific proline residues followed by binding of von Hippel‐Lindau (VHL) protein. Chuvash polycythe‐mia is a disorder with elevated HIF. It arises through germline homozygosity for hypomorphic VHL alleles and has a phenotype of hematological, cardiopulmonary, and metabolic abnormalities. This study explores the phenotype of two other HIF pathway diseases: classic VHL disease and HIF‐2α gain‐of‐function mutation. No cardiopulmonary abnormalities were detected in classic VHL disease. HIF‐2α gain‐of‐function mutations were associated with pulmonary hypertension, increased cardiac output, increased heart rate, and increased pulmonary ventilation relative to metabolism. Comparison of the HIF‐2α gain‐of‐function responses with data from studies of Chuvash polycythemia suggested that other aspects of the Chuvash phenotype were diminished or absent. In classic VHL disease, patients are germline heterozygous for mutations in VHL, and the present results suggest that a single wild‐type allele for VHL is sufficient to maintain normal cardiopulmonary function. The HIF‐2α gain‐of‐function phenotype may be more limited than the Chuvash phenotype either because HIF‐1α is not elevated in the former condition, or because other HIF‐independent functions of VHL are perturbed in Chuvash polycythemia.—Formenti, F., Beer, P. A., Croft, Q. P. P., Dorrington, K. L., Gale, D. P., Lappin, T. R J., Lucas, G. S., Maher, E. R, Maxwell, P. H., McMullin, M. F., O'Connor, D. F., Percy, M. J., Pugh, C. W., Ratcliffe, P. J., Smith, T. G., Talbot, N. P., Robbins, P. A. Cardiopulmonary function in two human disorders of the hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF) pathway: von Hippel‐Lindau disease and HIF‐2α gain‐of‐function mutation. FASEB J. 25, 2001‐2011 (2011). www.fasebj.org


We present an analysis of the properties of the lowest Hα-luminosity galaxies (LHα ≤ 4 × 1032 W; SFR 1010Mʘ. The low-SFR systems are found to exist predominantly in the lowest-density environments (median density ∼0.02 galaxy Mpc−2) with none in environments more dense than ∼1.5 galaxy Mpc−2. Their current specific SFRs (SSFRs; −8.5 < log [SSFR (yr −1)] < −12) are consistent with their having had a variety of star formation histories. The low-density environments of these galaxies demonstrate that such low-mass, star-forming systems can only remain as low mass and form stars if they reside sufficiently far from other galaxies to avoid being accreted, dispersed through tidal effects or having their gas reservoirs rendered ineffective through external processes.


It was monitored variables related to production and structure of oat (Avena strigosa Schreb) and ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam) pastures managed at four sward heights (10, 20, 30, and 40 cm) on continuous grazing with variable stocking (put and take). It was used crossbred beef steers at approximately 10 months of age and an average initial weight 190 kg in a complete random block design with three replicates. The type of sward height distribution in six different sample dates as well as the forage dry mass prediction through sward heights were investigated. Forage mass linearly increased according to the sward height: for each 1-cm increase of the height above 10 cm, there was an approximately 107 kg DM/ha addition in the forage mass. There was no effect of sward height on the accumulation rate (55.8 kg DM/ha) neither on the dry matter total production (8,210 kg of DM/ha). Frequency distributions fitted to the normal model in only one out of the 96 analyzed data series. Gamma type distribution was the one that was the most frequently adjusted to sward height data, however, once grazing was started, pasture heterogeneity was so high that height distribution did not fit any of the investigated models. It is possible to estimate forage dry mass on the pasture by its average height so it is suggested to establish variable heights over the grazing cycle aiming to manage the heterogeneity caused by the animal.


ABSTRACT In 2009, an internet survey was administered to members of two motorcoach associations to examine sustainability in the passenger transportation sector in the context of environmental certification. Higher levels of company leader familiarity with green practices, more positive company leader attitudes towards these practices, and more green practices within a company were found among groups of company leaders who indicated a greater willingness to participate in a pilot certification program. Additionally, significant positive correlations were found between company leader familiarity with environmental practices, company leader attitudes towards environmental practices, and the number of environmental practices at companies.


The present work describes the synthesis, characterization, and wound healing properties of α/γ hybrid peptides: Boc‐Phe‐γ4‐Phe‐Val‐OMe (S1), Boc‐DPhe‐γ4‐Phe‐Val‐OMe (S2), Boc‐Ala‐γ4‐Phe‐Val‐OMe (S3), Boc‐DAla‐γ4‐Phe‐Val‐OMe (S4), Boc‐Leu‐γ4‐Phe‐Val‐OMe (S5), and Boc‐DLeu‐γ4‐Phe‐Val‐OMe (S6). Peptides S1–S6 were screened against human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and RAW 264.7 cells. Among all, S1‐ and S2‐treated cells exhibited high cell viability; S1 and S2 induced keratinocyte migration and inhibited the production of the cytokines IL‐6 and TNF‐α. In vivo results demonstrated that the hybrid peptides S1 and S2 accelerate wound healing in Wistar rats with 83% and 88% at 50 μg/ml, and 74% and 76% at 25 μg/ml, respectively.


In this paper, a novel genetic algorithm — dynamic ring-like agent genetic algorithm (RAGA) is proposed for solving global numerical optimization problem. The RAGA combines the ring-like agent structure and dynamic neighboring genetic operators together to get better optimization capability. An agent in ring-like agent structure represents a candidate solution to the optimization problem. Any agent interacts with neighboring agents to evolve. With dynamic neighboring genetic operators, they compete and cooperate with their neighbors, and they can also use knowledge to increase energies. Global numerical optimization problems are the most important ones to verify the performance of evolutionary algorithm, especially of genetic algorithm and are mostly of interest to the corresponding researchers. In the corresponding experiments, several complex benchmark functions were used for optimization, several popular GAs were used for comparison. In order to better compare two agents GAs (MAGA: multi-agent genetic algorithm and RAGA), the several dimensional experiments (from low dimension to high dimension) were done. These experimental results show that RAGA not only is suitable for optimization problems, but also has more precise and more stable optimization results.


In 1943, Hotelling reported on the potential inaccuracies of least squares algorithms. Since then, numerous studies have been published presenting the results of comprehensive tests of widely used least squares routines, algorithm refinement, and assessments of error bounds. Papers by Beaton, Rubin, and Barone; Freund; Ling; Longley; and Wampler provide a sample of the literature available. Most of the formal research on these issues has been conducted by statisticians, mathematicians, or computer scientists and/or has been published in the scientific journals of those professions. While probably aware of potential computer inaccuracies, agricultural economists and others using least squares programs in their research are often forced to rely on both the software packages and hardware available at their research station. They may or may not be familiar with the literature being published on computational accuracy and as a result may not explicitly question the accuracy of either the software or the hardware they use. The issue is real and of some importance. In 1976, for example, SPSS, Inc., distributed a newsletter warning users of that major software package that there "is a catastrophic error in the discriminant procedure. The discriminant function coefficients are incorrectly computed" (p. 2). While the problem was corrected once it was discovered, consider the plight of those who used the discriminant procedure from that package to conduct research and are now anxiously awaiting comments from reviewers regarding the publishability of their results and the associated policy implications. The purpose of this note is to demonstrate once again and in a form meaningful to program users that even though substantial improvements in computer software and hardware have been made in recent years, computational accuracy can still be a problem. While it is admitted that accuracy is a multidimensional issue, our concern in this paper is with computational accuracy. The procedure employed is that used by Wampler. Results obtained from selected regression routines available to agricultural economists at four land grant universities are examined and compared. No formal attempt is made here to explain why, for certain problems, some routines and/or machines may generate more accurate results. Such a discussion is beyond the scope of this note and would in large measure duplicate the literature now available. The interested reader is referred to Ling.


This communication provides the results of a study whose purpose was to determine how a teacher will use and integrate the 'Information and Communication Technologies' (ICT) in inclusive classrooms. This will also identify the factors that promote good educational practices supported by ICT. Towards this we prepared a case study of multiple cases. The questionnaire and group discussion are the techniques that are used for collecting required information. The result shows that teachers in general have a positive attitude towards ICT, especially the male teachers with greater possibilities of interaction with ICT. This will also promote inclusive and cultures policies between networks of schools and it is presented as an important factor in developing good educational practice with the support of ICT.


The article discusses the notions of the strategy and the military strategy. It explains the genesis and the original meaning of the term "strategy" and its historical development, and then presents a comparative analysis of eighteen characteristic definitions, focusing on explaining the statements and expressions that determine the meaning of the term "strategy". The analyzed definitions are classified according to their basic differences. The terms and syntagmas used as a definiens in a definition are separately analyzed. The total of 18 terms and syntagmas are analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages of the cited statements and expressions for a complex determination of the term strategy are pointed out, so that, through these preliminaries, the terms strategy and military strategy can be more comprehensively perceived. The author cites also the characteristic definitions of the strategy in general and of the military strategy. The definition of the strategy in general is of more descriptive nature because there emerged a problem of selecting the right term for determining a definiens in a definition. The strategy in general is defined as a dominant part of the science or field of activity facing the future. The author separates the military strategy from the general meaning of the strategy and defines it as a science of armed combat. He justifies such a position by identifying and explaining basic constituents of the military strategy: subject, theory, language, and method.


NOS1AP SNPs correlate with QT prolongation and cardiac sudden death in patients affected by long QT syndrome type 1 (LQT1). NOS1AP targets NOS1 to intracellular effectors. We hypothesize that NOS1AP SNPs cause NOS1 dysfunction and this may converge with prolonged action potential duration (APD) to facilitate arrhythmias.

AIMS
To test 1) the effects of NOS1 inhibition and their interaction with prolonged APD in a guinea pig cardiomyocyte (GP-CMs) LQT1 model; 2) whether pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) from LQT1 patients differing for NOS1AP variants and mutation penetrance display a phenotype compatible with NOS1 deficiency.

METHODS AND RESULTS
In GP-CMs NOS1 was inhibited by SMTC (or L-VNIO); LQT1 was mimicked by IKs blockade (JNJ203) and β-adrenergic stimulation (isoproterenol). hiPSC-CMs were obtained from symptomatic (S) and asymptomatic (AS) KCNQ1-A341V carriers, harboring the minor and major alleles of NOS1AP SNPs (rs16847548 and rs4657139) respectively. In GP-CMs: NOS1 inhibition prolonged APD, enhanced ICaL and INaL, slowed Ca2+ decay and induced delayed afterdepolarizations. Under action-potential clamp, switching to shorter APD suppressed "transient inward current" events induced by NOS1 inhibition and reduced cytosolic Ca2+. In S (vs AS) hiPSC-CMs: APD was longer and ICaL larger; NOS1AP and NOS1 expression and colocalization were decreased.

CONCLUSIONS
the minor NOS1AP alleles are associated with NOS1 loss of function. The latter likely contributes to APD prolongation in LQT1 and converges with it to perturb Ca2+ handling. This establishes a mechanistic link between NOS1AP SNPs and aggravation of the arrhythmia phenotype in prolonged repolarization syndromes.


A simple principle of mechanics, as applied to wind variation, is used to clarify several important features of atmospheric flow patterns.


Tiebacks are frequently used to support deep excavations. Installations of tieback systems require certain favorable subsurface conditions as well as skill and experience. When the subsurface conditions are not suitable for tieback installation, an alternative bracing method is needed to achieve the same degree of effectiveness without the use of anchors. This paper presents a method of using earth-filled wide-base hollow piers to brace a deep excavation for construction of Penyun Hotel Building in Shenyang, China.


Interpretation of the photoconductivity of hydrogenated amorphous silicon in the temperature region 50-200 K, where the photoconductivity exhibits thermally activated behaviour, is still a matter of debate. A new model taking into account long-range potential fluctuations is presented. It is demonstrated that recombination between a spatially modulated conduction band and localized tail states dominates the photoconductivity in this temperature regime.


Daiquyang is the famous fishing ground in Zhoushan Archipelago.Every year,the late spring and early summer witnesses numerous fishing ships and people.The fishing songs and ancient poems reflect how fishermen fished and traded,and how the officials managed the marine safety.


The article points out paradoxes of inclusion in TVET sector especially with reference to developing countries. It has taken example from Nepal which is one of the developing countries in the world. The paradox appears in a number of ways due to mismatch between what is done and what should be. The article analyzes different issues related to TVET sector in different sub-topics. TVET in developing countries remains a matter of paradox or like joke while talking about inclusion. Inclusion can happen in a number of ways; however, it has been a matter of question from social, economic, geographic and pedagogical perspectives. The chief argument covers local area focused curriculum and institutional development programs. The article suggests best option for TVET as to have rural industrialization rather than urbanization. Secondary sources like journals have been taken to develop this article. Different ideas from different writers have helped to shape this article in an argumentative style.


This article presents a novel secure-control framework against sensor deception attacks. The vulnerability of cyber-physical systems with respect to sensor deceptive attacks makes that all sensor measurements are not reliable until the system security is assured by an attack detection module. Most of the active attack detection strategies require some time to assess the system security, while injecting a watermark signal to ease the detection. However, the injection of watermark signals deteriorates the performance and stability of the plant. The proposed control framework consists of a dual-rate control (DRC) that is able to stabilize the plant using: 1) a model predictive controller that operates at a slower sampling time; 2) a state-feedback predictor-based controller that operates in the nominal sampling time disregarding the use of the untrustworthy measurements until the attack detector is able to certify the security; and 3) a reconfiguration block (RB) for palliating the effect of the watermarking. Simulation results indicate the efficacy of the proposed DRC framework to defend the system from cyber-attacks and the ability of the RB to improve the closed-loop performance during the watermark injection.


Transplantation of fetal serotonergic neurons into the hypothalamus restored muricide (mouse killing behavior) in the rat with raphe lesion induced by 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (selective serotonergic neurotoxine). Immunohistochemical and neurochemical studies indicated that recovery of serotonergic innervation in the lateral hypothalamic area by the graft brought about the inhibition of muricide. The grafted serotonergic neurons


Rock-anchored beam,with the highest quality requirement,is the most difficult part in underground powerhouse excavation.The quality of the beam will directly affect the operation safety of the crane in the power house.According to the basalt dominated characteristic together with its developed joints and hard rock conditions of Gongdi underground powerhouse,Sub-sequence Excavation Method and Both Smooth Rock Side Blasting Method are applied and have significant molding effect.


PANI was prepared via in-situ solution polymerization in the solvent system of alcohol(or ketone) water,using DNSA as doping agent.PANI/PS composite were obtained by the solution blend.The products were characterized by TEM,FTIR,elemental analysis and TG.The result show that the maximum conductivity of PANI doped with DNSA was 0.65 S/cm and higher than PANI doped with DBSA.The surface resistivity of composite was adjustable within a certain range and the minimum of it was 101 Ω/□.It can be used for electromagnetic shielding and it is applicable to polymer surface.


The present invention discloses the capacity of a regional group of the wind farm and energy storage stations Optimization auxiliary peaking method, comprising: 1) Consider the group of wind farm power fluctuation and stabilize power peaking BESS complex function implemented method of charging and discharging, to run BESS the minimum cost of building targeted capacity-optimized computing model; 2) the use of ultra-short-term wind power forecasts to participate in BESS synchronous power fluctuations and stabilize earnings at the maximum power peaking build real-time optimal operation model for the target; 3) raise the cost of running the system BESS allocation and income distribution models and methods. According to the present invention of an energy storage system capable of planning configurations required wind farm area, and calculates the economical optimization of the energy storage capacity, while the energy storage system to provide auxiliary power peaking involved in optimization, improve wind farm configuration storage area rational and efficient operation of the system level.


A condition of 13 cattle from 10 farms in six districts in the state of Para, Brazil, characterized by ulcerative skin wounds was studied. The lesions were observed in regions of the body to which the cattle had access with their own tongue; the animals licked the wounds frequently. Epidemiological studies, pathological findings and the differential diagnosis indicate that the dermatitis is caused by licking. The wounds healed after restraining the head of the animals that then were unable to lick themselves.


: The aim of the study was to evaluate specific immune response of milk fermented with Lactobacillus helveticus and its cell free supernatant as compare to Dahi (Curd). In order to confirm specific immune response of those products an in-vivo study was conducted using mice as an animal model and the mice was challenged with Salmonella enteritidis infection. The immune response in those mice was assessed by analysing secretary immunoglobulin-A in the intestinal fluid at 2, 5 and 8 th day post-challenge by ELISA method and colonization of pathogen ( Salmonella enteritidis ) in intestine (large and small), liver, and spleen. It was observed that level of secretary Immunoglobulin (Ig-A) response was maximum on 5 th day after feeding of all three products. In colonization assay study there was reduction observed in colonization of Salmonella enteritidis in intestine (small and large), liver and spleen and the maximum reduction occurred on 8 th day post challenge. The challenge studies showed protective and immune stimulatory potential of those three fermented product against infection of Salmonella enteritidis. It was also observed that Humoral/specific immune response of L. helveticus -fermented milk and its cell free supernatant was as significant as Dahi.


Background Maintenance drugs are used to treat chronic conditions. Several classes of maintenance drugs have attracted attention because of their potential to affect susceptibility to and severity of COVID-19. Methods Using claims data on 20% random sample of Part D Medicare enrollees from April to December 2020, we identified patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Using a nested case-control design, non-COVID-19 controls were identified by 1:5 matching on age, race, sex, dual-eligibility status and geographical region. We identified usage of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARB), warfarin, direct factor Xa inhibitors, clopidogrel, famotidine and hydroxychloroquine based on Medicare prescription claims data. Using extended Cox regression models with time-varying propensity score adjustment we examined the independent effect of each study drug on contracting COVID-19. For severity of COVID-19, we performed extended Cox regressions on all COVID-19 patients, using COVID-19-related hospitalization and all-cause mortality as outcomes. Covariates included gender, age, race, geographic region, low-income indicator and co-morbidities. To compensate for indication bias related to the use of hydroxychloroquine for the prophylaxis or treatment of COVID-19, we censored patients who only started on hydroxychloroquine in 2020. Results Up to December 2020, our sample contained 374,229 Medicare patients over 65 who were diagnosed with COVID-19. Among the COVID-19 patients, 209,208 (55.9%) were on at least one study drug. The three most common study drugs were ACEI 97,872 (26.1%), ARB 83,329 (22.3%) and clopidogrel 38,203 (10.2%). Current users of ACEI, ARB, warfarin, direct factor Xa inhibitor and clopidogrel were associated with reduced risk of getting COVID-19 (3-13%), and reduced risk of dying after a COVID-19 diagnosis (8-19%). Famotidine did not show consistent significant effects. Hydroxychloroquine did not show significant effects after censoring of recent starters. Conclusions Maintenance use of ACEI, ARB, warfarin, direct factor Xa inhibitor and clopidogrel was associated with reduction in risk of acquiring COVID-19 and dying from it.


As the adoption of cryptocurrencies, especially Bitcoin (BTC) continues to rise in today's digital economy, understanding their unpredictable nature becomes increasingly critical. This research paper addresses this need by investigating the volatile nature of the cryptocurrency market, mainly focusing on Bitcoin trend prediction utilizing on-chain data and whale-alert tweets. By employing a Q-learning algorithm, a type of reinforcement learning, we analyze variables such as transaction volume, network activity, and significant Bitcoin transactions highlighted in whale-alert tweets. Our findings indicate that the algorithm effectively predicts Bitcoin trends when integrating on-chain and Twitter data. Consequently, this study offers valuable insights that could potentially guide investors in informed Bitcoin investment decisions, thereby playing a pivotal role in the realm of cryptocurrency risk management.


Significance
 If confirmed, Buttigieg would become the first openly LGBTQ US cabinet official. In assembling his team, Biden is emphasising experience and diversity, drawing heavily on past Democratic administrations' personnel, particularly the 2009-17 Obama administrations, where Biden was vice-president. This has opened Biden to jibes that his will be 'the third Obama administration'.

 Impacts
 Not appointing ideologues from either Democratic Party wing will help Biden keep party peace for as long as possible.
 Trump-supporting Republicans will be even more resistant to Biden's agenda than the Tea Party was to Obama's.
 In practice, Biden cannot swiftly and immediately undo President Donald Trump's actions across all areas.
 National security policy could align with Obama's, especially if Islamist terrorism resurges.


According to traditional readings of Kant's theory of free will, Kant is at heart an incompatibilist about determinism and moral responsibility. Incompatibilists hold that there is a basic conflict between determinism and moral responsibility. Compatibilists, on the other hand, hold that there is no basic conflict between determinism and moral responsibility. On initial inspection, Kant's theory might appear compatibilistic, because he holds that determinism is true, but that we are nonetheless morally responsible. It is usually thought, however, that Kant holds this position because of the distinction in his ontology between agents qua phenomena, and qua noumena. Kant clearly holds that determinism is true for agents as they appear in time (i.e. agents qua phenomena), but not as they are in themselves (i.e. agents qua noumena), and that agents qua noumena somehow determine the empirical causality of agents qua phenomena. The traditional view is that the independence of agents qua noumena from the deterministic phenomenal causal series can make room for alternative possibilities of action, and that these alternative possibilities of action are necessary if agents are to be held morally responsible, in a way that compatibilists do not accept. Thus it is thought that Kant uses the metaphysics of the agent qua noumenon to undercut the significance of determinism for moral responsibility. But what if Kant could be interpreted as a compatibilist? That is, what if the traditional interpretation is mistaken, and at the end of the day Kant really thinks there is no basic tension between determinism and moral responsibility? Such an interpretation is advanced by Hud Hudson, in his book Kant's Compatibilism. The purpose of this discussion is to describe some features of Hudson's interpretation, to highlight a reason why this interpretation is important not only for Kant's theory of free will but also


We have investigated a GaAs/AlAs triple-coupled multilayer cavity structure for an ultrafast wavelength conversion device. We found that significant improvement in the wavelength conversion was realized by introducing good nonlinear materials in the cavity layer, and that the precise control of the cavity modes was important to obtain stronger frequency conversion signals. We grew a triple coupled multilayer cavity structure with self-assembled InAs quantum dots (QDs) by molecular beam epitaxy and investigated the frequency separations of the cavity modes in relation to the cavity layer thickness using on the basis of the reflection spectra. Clear four-wave mixing (FWM) signals were demonstrated by time-resolved FWM measurements were performed at room temperature using a femtosecond laser system.


The dispute about the meaning of "luoying" is an important case of the research on the "Songs of Chu".Based on abundant literature,this article compares and analyses a great variety of different comments and opinions by the contemporary theory of linguistics by the method of "Qianjia puxue." Sequentially,interpretation of "luo" as "fall" is proved correct.The article holds that "luoying" should be interpreted as "the flower which is tumbledown."


The chemical speciation of potentially hazardous subsurface contaminants is a crucial parameter in environmental risk assessment and remediation because it determines their transport, toxicology, and ultimate disposition. This tenet especially applies to uranium and plutonium contamination that arguably constitute the most intractable environmental restoration problems at legacy sites from nuclear weapons production and testing, as well as weapons and reactor accidents. These hazards are further amplified by the public perception of radioactive elements in general, and Pu in particular. The chemical transformations of U after its release is, however, an exceedingly complicated problem, both thermodynamically and kinetically, with less being known about Pu because there are no natural systems to study.


Objective To investigate the value of expanded polytetrafluethlene in rhinoplasty. Methods Under local anesthesia, the augmentation rhinoplasty was carried out with expanded polytetrafluethlene or combined with self cartilage from cavum conchalis. Results Satisfactory results were achieved in all of the 20 cases for augmentation rhinoplasty. There was no complications happened such as immunologic reaction, exposure or swing of the implants during follow-up. Conclusions Expanded polytetrafluethlene servers as a good implant in augmentation rhinoplasty. Conbined with self cartilage,it can effectively prolong the nose and drive up the nasal tip.


The Statistical Office of the European Communities (Eurostat) in collaboration with the statistical offices of the member states and of some other countries has carried out price surveys for several years. In addition to providing information on price differentials, these surveys form the basis of purchasing power parity comparisons of GDP in the OECD area. The comparison of prices between Germany and Austria reveals substantial price differentials in many headings. The overall picture that emerges from the Eurostat survey corresponds only partly to the conventional view that, given Austria's considerably lower labor costs, labor-intensive goods and services are cheaper, but manufactured goods more expensive in Austria than in Germany. However, consideration of other price statistics makes it doubtful in some expenditure groups that the prices compared refer to basically similar products.


Portable software defined radio solutions for the consumer market will be based on mobile devices employing multiple programmable processing resources, as low power consumption needs to be maintained for an acceptable battery life. Therefore the designer needs to orchestrate the given system functions of the waveform efficiently onto the dis tributed processing resources. For the automation or at least a substantial machine support of that process an explicit and platform independent representation of parallelism is a prerequisite. This article is focusing on the basic concepts to model waveforms for parallel hardware systems not directly related to the software communication architecture (SCA) [1]. Nevertheless we discuss the implications for the SCA along with the changes we expect for the value chain.


The invention discloses a multi-redundance aircraft electric power source and a starting method thereof, belonging to the field of aerospace power supplies. The multi-redundance aircraft electric power source comprises a battery pack, a DC/DC (Direct Current/Direct Current) converter, a voltage detection circuit, a switching circuit and a control circuit, wherein the battery pack supplies a 72V DC input voltage to a power supply system by adopting a concentrated power supply mode, and the DC/DC converter outputs a stable 6V DC power supply to supply power to a load. A redundance technology is adopted in the battery pack and the DC/DC converter, thus the reliability of working of the power supply system is greatly improved. The starting method of the multi-redundance aircraft electric power source comprises the steps of: during electrifying, supplying a 16V DC starting voltage to the DC/DC converter by a starting circuit; and after the DC/DC converter normally works, switching a power supply into a DDS (Direct Digital Synthesis) self-powered system under the action of the control circuit to ensure that the working voltage of a current control chip is changed into 10V from 16V, thus the power consumption of the chip is reduced, and the service life of the chip is prolonged.


In mining industry, waste management is a key issue since it starts in the conceptual project phase and lasts beyond the mine closure. Tailings and rock wastes have gained such an environmental importance that the a priori definition of its management has been caused the unfeasibility of promising mining projects, such as the case of the Castromil gold mine project presented in this work. Located in the NW part of Portugal, the Castromil Au-Ag deposit was intermittently exploited since Phoenician and Roman times until 1940's. In 1990's Castromil area attracted several exploration programs, having in 2000 been rejected due to environmental concerns the last application for an exploitation license. In this study, a strategy is tested in order to avoid or reduce the acid drainage using an acid consuming waste "dregs" from a pulp and paper industry. The residues resulting from laboratory metallurgical tests of technical feasibility, were subjected to several static and dynamic tests of forecast of acidic drainage and evaluate the efficiency of co-disposal of the dregs with the mine tailings such as Net Acid Generation test (NAG), Net Acid Production Potential test (NAPP) and leach column tests.


Last Spring, the board of trustees of Iowa's Drake University approved a controversial proposal to eliminate the school's foreign-language program and effectively end classroom instruction in modern foreign languages. The proposal, which passed muster with the faculty senate, will lead to the termination of eight tenured and tenure-track faculty members and seven part-time professors. Whether Drake's decision to close down the foreign-language department and, in essence, "contract out" language instruction to study centers abroad, to Internet chat rooms, and to multilingual internship sites makes pedagogical sense is a matter for the faculty to decide. How AAUP policy may have figured in the board's decision, however, is of concern to the Association. News reports surrounding the Drake controversy suggest that Association policy played a part, at least indirectly, in the final decision to eliminate the foreign-language program, John Silber, chancellor of Boston University and not a warm supporter of AAUP policies, put it this way in an April 3 op-ed piece for the Boston Herald: "If a university accepts, as Drake has, the rules of-the American Association of University Professors, it is almost impossible to terminate tenured professors for anything short of a felony conviction, The one loophole is that tenure may be broken when an entire program is shut down." Silber, ignoring the mediative role that the Association Program often plays, seems to imply that AAUP policy is so absolutist that the only allowable solution to individual person-personnel problems in the rights of-tenure may be the annihilation of an entire department. Let's be clear about what AAUP policy says (and doesn't say) on the termination of tenured appointments when a program is discontinued. According to the Recommended Institutional Regulations on Academic Freedom and Tenure, termination of a tenured appointment may occur "as a result of a bona fide formal discontinuance of a program or department of instruction." In the event of such discontinuance, several standards apply. First, the discontinuance must be based essentially on educational considerations as determined primarily by the faculty. Second, the administration must make every effort to place terminated faculty members in other suitable positions and to provide time and financial support for retraining, if that is feasible. In the advance of another suitable placement, appropriate severance salary will be provided. …


Abstract We extend an uncertainty principle due to Cowling and Price to threadlike nilpotent Lie groups. This uncertainty principle is a generalization of a classical result due to Hardy. We are thus extending earlier work on Rn and Heisenberg groups.


The invention relates to a method for cultivating mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. using an LED light source, and belongs to the field of cultivation of medicinal plants. The method comprises sowing seeds of the mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. in a flat plate or a plug tray taking vermiculite as a matrix, watering to make the matrix totally wet, putting the flat plate or the plug tray on a three-dimensional cultivation shelf in a plant factory having an LED light source, and spraying water to keep the matrix wet, wherein the temperature in the plant factory is within the range from 20 DEG C to 23 DEG C; irradiating seedlings after the seeds germinate, and spraying a nutrient solution to cultivating the seedlings; distributing the seedlings after two leaves and one core grows up on each seedling, cleaning the matrix on roots of the seedlings, fixedly planting the seedlings on field planting plates of a three-dimensional multilayer hydroponic system in the plant factory via sterilized sponge, irradiating the seedlings, supplying a nutrient solution by an automatic circulatory system, cultivating; and harvesting in 60 to 70 days after sowing. The production period of the mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. can be fixed, the mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. can be produced and supplied year round, the mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. is safe without pesticides, and contains no heavy metal, more functional substances of the mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. can be accumulated in a controllable environment.


Baltimore—Given that many people fail to receive preventive screening for diabetic retinopathy or regular follow-up once diagnosed, telemedicine screening warrants a role in the effort to manage this disease better, according to Alan R. Malouf, MD, FACS. Dr. Malouf spoke at the Current Concepts in Ophthalmology meeting here, sponsored by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Ophthalmology Times.


Biology Seminar is a course in Biology Education Study Program of Faculty of Teacher Training and Education University of Maritim Raja Ali Haji (FKIP UMRAH) that requires students to have the ability to apply scientific attitudes, perform scientific writing and undertake scientific publications on a small scale. One of the learning strategies that can drive the achievement of learning outcomes in this course is Research-Based Learning. Research-Based Learning principles are considered in accordance with learning outcomes in Biology Seminar courses and generally in accordance with the purpose of higher education. On this basis, this article which is derived from a qualitative research aims at describing Research-based Learning on Biology Seminar course. Based on a case study research, it was known that Research-Based Learning on Biology Seminar courses is applied through: designing learning activities around contemporary research issues; teaching research methods, techniques and skills explicitly within program; drawing on personal research in designing and teaching courses; building small-scale research activities into undergraduate assignment; and infusing teaching with the values of researchers.


During the process of determination of the oil moisture,heating method which needs more time and complex operations has the need to be replaced by another faster testing method.By the comparison between Karl Fischer method and international standard method in the determination of oil moisture,we find the results from the two methods are similar,and Karl Fischer method can determine the oil moisture more accurately and speedly,so it can be introduced to be widely used.