This paper presents a novel methodology to enforce motion safety guarantees even in the event of a sudden loss of control capabilities by any agent within a multi-agent system. This passive safety methodology permits the replacement of point-evaluated constraints on the trajectory following a contingency with a single function of the integration constants of the equations of motion at contingency instants. The effects of uncertainties on the trajectory are compensated for through the method of variation of parameters. This permits a reduction in the number of required constraints by one polynomial degree in the number of discrete time samples, and allows computationally efficient enforcement of passive safety within a multi-agent optimal control problem, solvable using direct methods. The main application is distributed space systems employing miniaturized low-size-weight-and-power and commercial-off-the-shelf technology, which reduce mission financial costs at the expense of reliability. Experimental results for the upcoming VIrtual Super-resolution Optics with Reconfigurable Swarms mission, as well as complementary formation-flying test cases in eccentric orbits, demonstrate the advantages of the proposed methodology in achieving fault-tolerant safety guarantees, as well as computational efficiency.


The flowfield downstream of a strut-based injection system in a supersonic combustion ramjet is investigated using large-eddy simulation with a new localized dynamic subgrid closure for compressible turbulent mixing. Recirculations are formed at the base of the strut in the nonreacting flow and trap some of the injected fluid. The high levels of turbulence along the underexpanded hydrogen jets and in the shear layer lead to a high level of mixing of fuel and freestream fluids. Furthermore, the shear layer unsteadiness permits efficient large-scale mixing of freestream and injected fluids. In the reacting flowfield, the flame anchoring mechanism is, however, found to depend more on a recirculation region located downstream of the injectors than on their sides. A region of reverse flow is formed that traps hot products and radicals. Intermittent convection of hot fluid toward the injector occurs and preheats the reactants.


The study was conducted in Batik Small-Medium Enterprise (Batik SMEs) in Pilang Village of Sragen Regency. Pilang village is one of the producers of Batik, it considerably contributes to the Batik market in Solo region. The study was aimed at finding out the condition and the potential of development through management comprising financial, human resource, marketing, and production management. The Descriptive quantitative method was employed, the respondents were ten SMEs Batik entrepreneurs. The study found that SMEs relied on traditional and limited financial management methods. It was also found that their marketing aspect had not adopted a modern marketing and promotion strategy. Their production has run well, however they face hindrances in product innovation and design with local characteristics. Then, human resource management also faced obstacles in on time delivery, creativity, and payment system.


Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) to virus infections should be carefully distinguished from such resistance regarding other plant pathogens. In particular: (i) SAR operates against localized virus infection by limiting cell-to-cell spread of virus, through a mechanism involving an accelerated hypersensitive reaction without preventing virus replication; (ii) SAR does not operate against systemic virus infection; it neither limits virus replication nor alleviates symptoms. SAR may therefore play an important part in limiting many infectious plant diseases, but must be viewed with less enthusiasm in regard to viruses.


This article discusses how weaknesses in the governance of the water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) sector may present barriers to the assurance of human rights to WASH. The analytical framework in this article involves four key actors involved in the service-delivery process, operating across a three-way accountability connection linking the State, service providers, and citizens. The framework, drawn from the World Bank's 2004 World Development Report, is applied to the following countries: the Democratic Republic of Congo, Haiti, Mozambique, and Niger. The findings suggest that breakdowns in provision can be strongly linked to disruptions in the accountability association between the State and WASH providers. Informed by the human-rights literature, suggestions are made as to how to increase financing and coverage for the sector. These include encouraging greater coordination across different levels of government, improving the governance structure, and reducing funding gaps.


Background. Mammalian erythroid cells undergo chromatin condensation and enucleation in their final stages of differentiation. We previously reported that Rac GTPases and their downstream target mDia2 are required for enucleation of in vitro cultured mouse fetal liver erythroblasts. However, it is not clear how chromatin condensation is achieved and whether it is required for enucleation. Design and Methods. Mouse fetal liver erythroblasts were purified from embryonic day 14.5 pregnant mouse and cultured in erythropoietin containing medium. Enucleation was determined by flow-cytometry based analysis after histone deacetylases inhibitor treatment or lentiviral shRNA infection. Results. We show here that histone deacetylases play critical roles in chromatin condensation and enucleation in cultured mouse fetal liver erythroblasts. Enzymatic inhibition of histone deacetylases by trichostatin A or valproic acid prior to the start of enucleation blocks chromatin condensation, contractile actin ring formation and enucleation. We further demonstrate that histone deacetylase 1, 2, 3 and 5 are highly expressed in mouse fetal erythroblasts. ShRNA down-regulation of histone deacetylase 2, but not the other histone deacetylases, phenotypically mimics trichostatin A and valproic acid treated cells with significant inhibition of chromatin condensation and enucleation. Importantly, knockdown of histone deacetylase 2 does not affect erythroblast proliferation, differentiation, or apoptosis. DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2010.029827 Conclusions. These results identify histone deacetylase 2 as an important regulator in mediating chromatin condensation and enucleation in the final stages of mammalian erythropoiesis. Introduction Mammalian erythropoiesis from the Colony Forming Unit Erythroid (CFU-E) progenitor involves sequential erythropoietin dependent and independent stages(1). In the early stages erythropoietin prevents CFU-E apoptosis; it supports rapid cell divisions and induction of hundreds of genes encoding erythrocyte-important proteins. The latter stages are erythropoietin independent and involve chromatin condensation, cell cycle arrest, and enucleation. Whereas in all vertebrates the erythrocyte nucleus becomes highly condensed, enucleation is unique to mammalian erythrocytes. The extruded nucleus is surrounded by a plasma membrane which shows a distinct surface protein expression profile with low levels of glycophorin A and transferrin receptor compared to the incipient reticulocyte; little cytoplasm remains in the extruded nucleus (2). The membrane enveloping the nucleus also contains high levels of phosphatidylserine, which serve as a signal for macrophage engulfment(3). Although our understanding of mammalian erythroid cell enucleation has increased since morphological studies decades ago(4, 5), most of the molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Recent studies suggest that non-apoptotic activities of caspases(6, 7) and of the tumor suppressor protein Rb(8, 9) play important roles in erythroid enucleation. In addition, several studies suggest that enucleation requires that the erythroid cells interact with extracellular matrix proteins(10), macrophages(11, 12), or sinusoidal endothelium(13). These observations, however, are limited and there is little evidence demonstrating that any single regulatory pathway plays a primary role in the enucleation process. DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2010.029827 Using an in vitro cultured mouse fetal liver erythroblast system(14), we previously demonstrated that deregulation of Rac GTPases during the late stages of erythropoiesis completely blocked enucleation of cultured mouse fetal erythroblasts without affecting normal proliferation or differentiation. A contractile actin ring normally forms on the plasma membrane of late-stage erythroblasts at the boundary between the cytoplasm and nucleus of enucleating cells; formation of this cytoskeletal structure was disrupted when Rac GTPase was inhibited in late stages of erythropoiesis. Rac GTPase activity is mediated by the downstream target protein, mDia2, a formin required for nucleation of unbranched actin filaments(2). These results revealed important roles for the Rac GTPase and mDia2 in enucleation of mammalian erythroblasts(15). Chromatin condensation during the late stages of erythropoiesis involves many histone modifications such as deacetylations, presumably catalyzed by histone deacetylases (HDACs). There are 18 known HDACs. HDAC1, 2, 3 and 8 belong to class I; these HDACs are homologous to the yeast RPD3 protein and reside in the nucleus. HDAC4, 5, 7 and 9 belong to class IIa and they shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. HDAC6 and HDAC10 are class IIb HDACs that contain two catalytic HD domains. All of these HDACs contain a zinc catalytic domain that is inhibited by Trichostatin A (TSA)(16). Histone deacetylases play essential roles in chromatin remodeling, epigenetic regulation, and gene expression, processes that are critical for normal cell differentiation and proliferation (17-19). HDACs also play important roles in determining the fate of hematopoietic cells. In red cells, HDACs negatively regulate the IL-3mediated growth of early erythroid precursors by suppressing their responsiveness to IL3, and play an important role in erythropoietin-mediated differentiation and survival of erythroid precursors (20). DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2010.029827 Histone deacetylases also play critical roles in terminal erythropoiesis. Popova et al recently demonstrated that the activities of histone deacetylases are required for chromatin condensation in Friend-virus infected murine spleen erythroblasts (FVA cells)(21). In this study, HDAC5 expression was shown to be increased during terminal erythropoiesis. However, a role for HDAC5 in mammalian erythroblast chromatin condensation and enucleation needs to be re-examined as no loss of function studies have been done. The use of FVA cells also raises concerns as retrovirus infection often introduces genetic and epigenetic modifications. Here we utilized the in vitro mouse fetal erythroblast culture system and demonstrated that HDAC2, but not other HDACs, plays a critical role in chromatin condensation and subsequent enucleation of primary mouse erythroblasts. Importantly, shRNA knockdown of HDAC2 in the late stages of erythropoiesis did not block normal differentiation or proliferation of primary erythroblasts. These results demonstrated significant roles of HDAC2 during terminal mammalian erythropoiesis. In addition, as various HDAC inhibitors have increasingly been developed and studied in clinical trials for cancer therapy, our study also provided strong evidence that anemia should be assessed in cancer patients with HDAC inhibitor treatment. DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2010.029827


Liang Chenyu had taken a trip to several provinces such as Hunan,Hubei and Jiangxi when he was 36 years old,which is one of the achievements in his life.This paper focused on the specific route of this Journey and its relation with the poem Jia-Yin-Gan-Huai-Er-Shou,as well as the important role the journey played in Liang's life.These studies could not only deepen the understanding of Liang Chenyu's life but also help to comprehend his thought and works.


Abstract Mobile telephones, sometimes called cellular (cell) phones or handies, are now an integral part of modern life. The mobile phone handsets are low-powered radiofrequency transmitters, emitting maximum powers in the range of 0.2 to 0.6 watts. Scientific concerns have increased sufficiently over the possible hazard to health from using cell phones. The reported adverse health effects include physiological, behavioural and cognitive changes as well as tumour formation and genetic damage. However findings are controversial and no consensus exists. Genotoxicity has been observed either in lower organisms or in vitro studies. The aim of the present study hence was to detect any cytogenetic damage in mobile phone users by analysing short term peripheral lymphocytes cultures for chromosomal aberrations and the buccal mucosal cells for micronuclei (aneugenicity and clastogenicity). The results revealed increased number of micronucleated buccal cells and cytological abnormalities in cultured lymphocytes indicating the genotoxic response from mobile phone use.


Developing an understanding of relationship between employees and customers is of central importance to enterprise management. In this study we seek to find how service creativity made by Haidilao Hot Pot to its staffs, and then how service creativity made by Haidilao staffs to their customers in return. Following in depth interviews, content analysis, and combing with theory by Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, We find that what Haidilao served for its employees with creativity at last had shifted all kinds of service creativities to customers. This study extends current knowledge of the shortsighted management of catering industry, and provides new perspective of treating employees. It provides a useful tool for restaurants human resource management. Furthermore, the result can serves as a reference for other Service-oriented businesses. Introduction China's catering industry has developed from extensive type to intensive and fine management, great changes have taken place in the demands of the market. With the continuous improvement of people's living standard, the transition of the social division of labor and consumption concept, the catering industry developed rapidly. But competition is so drastic that restaurants frequently go bankrupt. People's pursuit for daily food and beverage transfers from "do not have enough to eat" to "eat and be satisfied," from "eating well with taste satisfaction", gradually turned to "eating for fine service and atmosphere". Haidilao Hotpot was founded by Zhang Yong with eight thousand RMB (about 1230 USD) in 1994 from Jianyang City, Sichuan Province. With swift development, it achieves more than 180 national chains, nearly twenty thousand employees and annual turnover of 5 billion RMB (about 0.77 billion USD). It becomes one of the Top 100 Chinese catering enterprises. Haidilao survived under the background of having neither enough customers nor enough money. It created its own advantages by practicing more, performing well with plenty of good ideas and creative designs. Not only to provide first-class service, but also to lead employees attentively launch creative services for customers. Enterprise Service Creativity for Employees Haidilao treats employees as his loved ones, building infinite love action under the management of limited system. Haidilao provides creative services for employees on the basis of the five levels of Maslow's demand theory. 2nd International Conference on Humanities and Social Science (HSS 2017) Copyright © 2017, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 83


An understanding of the long-term evolution of self-gravitating discs ranks among the classic outstanding problems of astrophysics. In this work, we show that the secular inclination dynamics of a geometrically thin quasi-Keplerian disc, with a surface density profile that scales as the inverse square-root of the orbital radius, are described by the time-dependent Schrodinger equation. Within the context of this formalism, nodal bending waves correspond to the eigenmodes of a quasi-particle's wavefunction, confined in an infinite square well with boundaries given by the radial extent of the disc. We further show that external secular perturbations upon self-gravitating discs exhibit a mathematical similarity to quantum scattering theory. Employing this framework, we derive an analytic criterion for the gravitational rigidity of a nearly-Keplerian disc under external perturbations. Applications of the theory to circumstellar discs and Galactic nuclei are discussed.


The purpose of this study is to present the Korean culture education method based on current events for foreign students. Especially, in this study, TV news was used as a primary medium for presenting Korean culture education based on current events. The reason for choosing TV news as the primary medium for Korean culture education is as follows. First, by activating social communication functions, 'participatory communication' with members in Korean society can be achieved. Second, the knowledge of Korean culture can be integrated. Third, by cultivating multimodal literacy, it is possible to decode and communicate Korean and Korean culture in various media. Next, the characteristics of TV news for applying to teaching-learning are as follows. First, TV news is a visual media, characterized by 'multimodal', Second, TV news is structured to interpret real - world events or information and deliver it efficiently in a short time. Therefore, it has a certain structure. Third, TV news offers 'information volume' at the same time. The final goal of the Korean culture education model based on current events is the 'internalization' of Korean cultural knowledge, which is explained through Vygotsky's theory of higher mental functions and the concept of ZPD(Zone of Proximal Development). Finally, based on the above, 'Korean Culture Education Model based on current events' was devised and the actual education was shown.
(Busan University of Foreign Studies)


The presence of apparently normal corneocytes as well as parakeratotic material in dandruff scales suggests that atypical keratinization in the scalp epidermis has not been of long duration. Abundance of hair fat on the scalp after puberty, colonization by fat‐splitting micro‐organisms (notably yeasts of the genus Pityrosporum) and transitory upsurges of epidermal mitosis in response to fatty acids produced by lipolysis of sebum triglycerides within the hair follicles, especially those in the anagen phase, seem likely to be implicated in the generation of dandruff scaling.


Fusion and gemination are rare occurrences in the mandibular posterior teeth. Different treatment methods can be used according to the situation. The purpose of this case report is to show surgical treatment of these teeth and to prove the exact dental anomaly by examining them histologically . A report of two cases of fused and geminated teeth are presented. The first case was an 42 year old male referred with the complaining of pain originated from the right mandibular third molar fused with a supernumerary tooth. The second case was an 23 year old male having pain in the left mandibular third molar with bifid crown. Both teeth were extracted surgically and then cut perpendicular to their long axis to investigate to name the type of the anomaly. The histological examination revealed fusion of cementum between the mandibular third molar and supernumerary fourth molar which is diagnostic for fusion of these teeth in case 1. In case 2, it was observed that the teeth were sharing same pulp chamber which is describing gemination of these teeth. We believe that diagnosing the condition will facilitate endodontic, prosthodontic, periodontic, orthodontic and surgical treatment of such teeth.


Cancer-related anemia (CRA), is a common comorbidity of malignant tumors. CRA may have a variety of potential causes, though they can be classified as either tumor-related factors (such as blood loss, hemolysis and bone marrow invasion) or factors associated with cancer treatment (such as chemotherapy-associated bone marrow suppression and cancer radiation therapy).


Currently, there is increasing implementation of renewable energy communities, where consumers and producers come together to form energy cooperatives. This growing trend has been accompanied by several studies aiming to optimize energy exchanges and sharing inside the community, always taking into account the most favorable tariff regimes for community members. This paper presents an analysis that, based on applying a linear programming model, optimizes energy transactions in a renewable energy community with the integration of storage systems. The results show the developed model's effectiveness, presenting substantial profits for the community.


FOR many years surgeons interested in the problem of from the literature (Fontaine, 1957). Our own venous thrombo-embolism have recognized that ilioexperience in about 200 cases suggests that incomplete femoral venous thrombosis is a common clinical event. clearance, particularly on the left side, and rethromFurthermore, experience with venous thrombectomy bosis in the immediate postoperative period are ABERDEEN ROYAL INFIRMARY


Introduction According to the Medical Subject Headings, the vocabulary used by PubMed, procrastination is 'the deferment of actions or tasks to a later time, or to infinity'. Studies on procrastination are increasing, especially among university students, gaining prominence in academic literature. However, studies on the procrastination phenomenon have been mainly quantitative, correlating such experiences with clinical and behavioral manifestations. Specific research with occupational therapy students is lacking in the literature. Objectives To interpret symbolic meanings related to life experiences of the procrastination phenomenon of school tasks as reported by occupational therapy undergraduate students, self-referred as procrastinators. Methods Clinical-qualitative design. Data collected through semi-directed interviews with open-ended questions in-depth. Clinical-Qualitative Content Analysis generated categories discussed in the light of the psychodynamic theoretical framework. This study was carried out in a private Brazilian university. The sample was closed by the information saturation criterion. Results Seven students were interviewed. Procrastination comes associated with anxiety as productivity, but not reported as an "executive drive", that would imprison the individual in a vicious cycle. There are defense mechanisms referred to as self-preservation for not assume responsibilities for tasks. Ineffective strategies seem to be experienced by the students to avoid procrastination, but without resolving possible psychodynamic conflicts related to the task. Conclusions Students' procrastination ambivalently affects their daily lives, although they can report the phenomenon as negative. It is suggested further qualitative studies that explore specifically meanings of procrastinating personal activities, in general, considering these individuals will work precisely in a therapeutic approach in the field of occupations of the people. Disclosure No significant relationships.


What sets human beings apart from animals? How does "mind" fit with soul? Different historical and contemporary views of the mind/soul are considered. A clinical case is used to argue that a strong dualistic position is not compatible with neuro-scientific evidence nor with the expectation of life after death found in the Abrahamic faiths. Reductive physicalism is a widely held view, but risks devaluing human life. Midgely's "many maps" model is suggested to fit better with a faith commitment. Non-reductive physicalism states that mind/soul is an emergent property of the complexity of the brain. Suggesting that there is no separable "soul" raises ethical questions, and Singer's philosophy is given as one consequent reading of the moral standing of human beings. Holistic (weak) dualism and non-reductive physicalism are suggested as possible models of the nature of persons that fits both the scientific data and the teaching of the Abrahamic faiths. It is important for mental health professionals to be clear about their own and the service users' underlying assumptions about human nature to optimise communication and prevent misdiagnosis.


A counterexample is presented to show that the solution to the stochastic realization problem given in the above-titled letter (ibid., vol.75, no.9, p.1333-4, Sept. 1987) does not apply, in general, to the infinite impulse response systems. The author expands on the comments. >


A COMMANDER'S ABILITY to make good decisions under adverse conditions can decide a battery. Seventy-two hours into an operation, he may be running on catnaps and caffeine. At the tactical operations center, the operations officer briefs three possible courses of action (COAs) for a new mission. The operations officer recommends the first COA with conviction, then explains its advantages. Something about the COA is troubling the commander. Perhaps fatigue, stress or some other distraction is preventing him from recalling the lesson learned from other battlefields or training events that would affect his decision. The commander makes his decision but has a feeling that there is a better way--he needs more time, more information or a clearer head. The decisions commanders, staff officers and warfighters make are driven by education, training, experience and personal preference. A lifetime of learning allows them to set goals, assess conditions, identify and evaluate alternatives, and make quick, complex decisions. The human mind can make remarkable decisions under extraordinary conditions-an ability technology lacks. However, the mind is subject to adverse effects by environmental factors such as fatigue, stress and hunger. It is well documented that decisions made under these conditions are generally inferior to those made by well-rested, fed, comfortable and relaxed leaders. The US military strives to select commanders based on their proven ability to make good decisions under adverse conditions. The opening scenario provides a good example of decision making under adverse conditions. Consider the same adverse conditions-with another decision-making tool for commanders. A computerized intelligent agent is programmed with lessons learned from classrooms and training. The software runs on the same computers that are used to type memos and create briefing slides. It accesses the data in the battle command systems and planning tools, including powerful networked computer systems, handwritten notes and sketches. The intelligent agent is oblivious to time, temperature and a commander's physical and mental condition. Based on all available information, it evaluates the COAs and lists each strength, weakness and issue in a matter of seconds. The commander quickly scans the list, discards some COAs and considers others until he reaches the element critical to the decision. Based on his judgment, his staff s recommendations and a few key factors that he might otherwise not have had the energy or awareness to identify, he decides. The strengths, weaknesses or issues might be based on planning considerations learned by a lieutenant in basic course; discovered by a captain during an after-action review; or noted during senior service college. They might be based on new enemy tactics observed during a battle yesterday. The intelligent agent combines the things a computer does best-sorting and sifting through massive data while remaining immune to fatigue, stress or environmental factors-with the things a human can do best, such as learning from experience. The agent combines doctrine and tactics with lessons learned throughout military history. It does not replace the commander or make the commander's decisions; it provides concise, relevant and explainable information the commander can consider when making decisions. This is how we can use intelligent agents in the command post of the future. Learning Agents Laboratory Automated decision support systems, expert systems and intelligent agents are not new but have played a limited role in military command and control or support systems. Even with today's rapid growth in computing power and connectivity, most software products that claim to be intelligent do not solve complex, real-world problems. Government, industrial and academic researchers have made recent progress in moving intelligent systems from hype to reality. …


Time-resolved EPR studies of the hydrogen abstraction reaction of photoexcited xanthone in 2-propanol were carried out as a function of the concentration of xanthone and the sample temperature. The temperature was varied from 22°C to about −30°C, and the concentration from about 0.2 to 4.0 mM. At low temperature or concentration, the observed spectra of the xanthone ketyl radical and the propan-2-olyl radical could be simulated as a superposition of a hyperfine-independent component due to the emissive triplet mechanism and a hyperfine-dependent component due to the S–T0 radical pair mechanism. However, with an increase in the concentration of xanthone, the relative contribution of TM decreases, and, concomitantly, the net absorptive component of only the xanthone ketyl radical increases. As the spin polarisation mechanisms do not predict any concentration dependence, this unusual behaviour is explained by invoking the enhancement of the spin–lattice relaxation rates due to Heisenberg spin exchange occurring at high local concentrations of the radicals. The net absorptive signal is attributed to thermally equilibrated radicals. The observed temperature dependence of the spin polarisation behaviour is similarly explained. The origin of the net absorptive signal in the TREPR spectra of the acetone−2-propanol system is also attributed to thermally equilibrated radicals. The self-quenching mechanism of xanthone is proposed to be an electron-transfer reaction from an excited xanthone molecule to another xanthone in the ground state.


The present invention discloses an arithmetic logic and shifting device, which includes an arithmetic and logic unit, said arithmetic logic unit includes: a first input to receive a first operand from a first register port; a second input, which was port to receive a second operand from a second register; and an output, for providing it to the memory cells in the first operation mode will selectively address memory, and selectively provide an arithmetic output in the second mode. Furthermore, the arithmetic logic and shifting device includes a programmable shifter device, the programmable shifter device having: a first input for receiving data from said memory cells; a second input for receiving said arithmetic output; a third input, which receives the opcode for a computer to execute instructions; and shifting an output to provide shifted data.


OBJECTIVE
The self-expandable metallic stents are a good alternative to surgery for the palliative treatment of malignant colonic obstructions. The aim of this paper was to emphasize the causes which could increase the risk of perforation.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
From November 2000 to November 2001, 6 patients with malignant colonic obstruction, to whom surgery was denied due to tumor extension and/or poor general condition, have had a palliative treatment (N = 5) or an attempt (N = 1) with self-expandable metallic stents placed by endoscopy.

RESULTS
Only one patient did not developed any complication and died 5 months later of cancer. Five out of the 6 patients (83%) developed a colonic perforation following stenting (N = 4) or the attempt to place the stent (N = 1), two into the first 24 h after the procedure, and three 3, 5, and 10 months later. Subsequent colostomy was done in 2 patients while the 3 others have had an external drainage of the perforation and died postoperatively.

CONCLUSION
The self-expandable metallic stents seems to be a less aggressive alternative therapy to surgery for malignant colonic obstructions. Nevertheless, the high rate of colonic perforations, suggests reconsidering the indications in the definitive palliation of malignant colonic obstructions.


Owing to the lack of efficient supervision of toll roads and tollgates,there exist many unreasonable problems,which are closely related to the drawbacks of toll road management.The key to the problems lies in the shift from many-layer to centered management.The mechanism should be perfected.


Most boys with monoamine oxidase A deficiency are less able to control their impulses than their peers, causing aggressive or violent outbursts. In addition, affected individuals may have features of other behavioral disorders, including autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). These features can include obsessive behaviors, difficulty forming friendships, and problems focusing attention. Sleep problems, such as trouble falling asleep or night terrors, can also occur in monoamine oxidase A deficiency.


Capacitive deionization (CDI) by Ag@C electrodes is a promising desalination technology for chlorine removal because there is no waste flow and no additional chemicals used during the removal and regeneration/cleaning processes. However, its efficacy and capacity are significantly limited by the low stability of Ag/C composites during the electrochemical process. In this study, we synthesized a new highly stable structure of Ag@C composites (named as Ag/N-CNP) through reductive adsorption of Ag+ by a polyaromatic amine followed by carbonization. We used in situ Raman spectroscopy, for the first time, to monitor in real-time the Cl− electrosorption/desorption process of Ag/N-CNP electrodes, which revealed that the stability of Ag@C electrodes was mainly controlled by the dissolution of Ag. The newly synthesized Ag–Nx structure stabilized Ag nanoparticles and uniformly distributed Ag species on the carbon matrix, which resulted in a high affinity for Cl− and significantly improved cyclic dechlorination performance. Results showed that the electrosorption capacity of the newly synthesized Ag/N-CNP electrodes could reach 75.3 mg g−1, substantially higher than that of traditional carbon electrodes. Moreover, such a capacity had almost no loss (only 1.4% loss) after 50 continuous treatment cycles and could still retain 76% after 100 cycles, demonstrating a highly reliable and cost-effective desalination performance significantly superior to that of previously reported Ag@C electrodes.


Abstract The purpose of the study is to assess the search for mainstreaming climate change adaptation into regional planning of least developed countries (LDCs) and draw strategy implications for regions in Bangladesh. The findings of the study revealed that national adaptation programme of action (NAPAs) in least developed countries were being gender-blind and failed to be properly implemented. Least developed countries should therefore do more to prepare for ongoing and future climate changes focusing on actions that are no-regrets, multi-sectoral and multi-level, and that improve the management of current climate variability. Strengthening capacities to use climate information, enabling locally appropriate responses, screening climate risks, assessing risks and adaptation options, starting with existing policies and plans, broadening constituencies beyond environment agencies, managing strategy conflicts, learning from projects and recognizing their limitations, monitoring and learning are the foreseen strategic actions by regions in Bangladesh for effective mainstreaming of climate change adaptation into regional development planning in the years to come.


The temporal evolution of three-dimensional instabilities on a planar liquid sheet segment is studied using direct numerical simulation, and the level-set and volume-of-fluid methods for the liquid-gas interface tracking. Three atomization cascades are distinguished at early breakup, which are well categorized on a gas Weber number (Weg) versus liquid Reynolds number (Rel) map. These atomization processes include lobe stretching that occurs at low Rel and low Weg, hole and bridge formation that occurs at moderate Rel and high Weg, and lobe corrugation occurring at high Rel and low Weg. Qualitative comparison between the sizes of the ligaments and droplets that result from each process is presented. A transitional region between the prescribed atomization domains is found. At high Rel, the transitional boundary is a constant Ohnesorge line defined based on gas We and liquid Re ( O h m ≡ W e g ∕ R e l ). At low Rel, the transitional region follows a hyperbolic line on the Weg–Rel plot. These atomization processes are qualitatively independent of the jet geometry—seen in both planar and round liquid jets. At a constant density ratio, characteristic times for the hole formation and for the lobe and ligament stretching are different—the former depending on surface tension and the latter on liquid viscosity. In the transitional region, both characteristic times are of the same order.The temporal evolution of three-dimensional instabilities on a planar liquid sheet segment is studied using direct numerical simulation, and the level-set and volume-of-fluid methods for the liquid-gas interface tracking. Three atomization cascades are distinguished at early breakup, which are well categorized on a gas Weber number (Weg) versus liquid Reynolds number (Rel) map. These atomization processes include lobe stretching that occurs at low Rel and low Weg, hole and bridge formation that occurs at moderate Rel and high Weg, and lobe corrugation occurring at high Rel and low Weg. Qualitative comparison between the sizes of the ligaments and droplets that result from each process is presented. A transitional region between the prescribed atomization domains is found. At high Rel, the transitional boundary is a constant Oh...


Inductance is realized at Spanish Centre of Metrology (CEM) by means of a modified coaxial MaxwellWien bridge. A study of the unequalized currents in the whole bridge network was carefully carried out in order to check their effect on the system's accuracy. Previously, stability and thermal coefficient of different kind of inductors have been evaluated to select those with the lowest temperature coefficient and best short-term stability to be employed in this evaluation.


A Humument (1966-2016), Tom Phillips's masterwork, is an artist's book which falls under the category of found text by virtue of its compositional strategies. The book indeed consists in a revisitation and a detournement of every single page of a Victorian novel entitled A Human Document, published in 1892 by a certain William H. Mallock. Each page of A Humument constitutes a verbo-iconic complex in which the words isolated by Phillips and the various visual elements with which he covers the source text come into interaction, in often very elaborate configurations. The hybrid constellations patiently developed by Phillips are usually grounded in a very broad intertextual network which incorporates the established arts (literature, painting, music, etc.) alongside other artistic forms considered minor, including comics. The aim of our essay is to study as closely as possible Phillips's re-appropriations of codes specific to comics, which he mobilizes in ways which alternate between the parodic and the poetic. Our analysis will thus focus on the formal hybridizations that Phillips operates on several pages of his work; it will also give us the opportunity to interrogate the necessarily problematic relationships which potentially unite comics and avant-gardist practices at the intersection of verbal and iconic registers.


BACKGROUND
 As the pandemic evolves, frontline work challenges continue to impose significant psychological impact on nurses. However, there is a lack of data how nurses fared compared to other healthcare workers in Asia-Pacific region.

 OBJECTIVE
 This study aims to investigate 1) psychological differences between nurses, doctor and non-medical healthcare workers, and 2) psychological outcome characteristics of nurses from different Asia-Pacific countries.

 METHODS
 Decision-tree type machine learning models (LIghtGBM, Gradientboost, and RandomForest) were adopted to predict psychological impact on nurses. The SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values of these models were extracted to identify the distinctive psychological distress characteristic.

 RESULTS
 Nurses had relatively higher percentages of normal or no-change in psychological distress symptoms relative to other healthcare workers (86.3% - 96.8% vs 80.7% - 92.3%). Among those without psychological symptoms, nurses constituted a higher proportion than doctors and non-medical healthcare workers (40.8%, 25.8%, and 33.4%, respectively).

 CONCLUSIONS
 Different contexts, cultures, and points in pandemic curve may have contributed to differing patterns of psychological outcomes amongst nurses in various Asia-Pacific countries. It is important that all healthcare workers practise self-care and render peer support to bolster psychological resilience for effective coping.

 CLINICALTRIAL
 Not applicable


The present invention relates to a distributed data center for each component sound in the global and consistent configuration management. Data center configuration need to be managed. Configuration Engine (CE) manage the cluster configuration data and / or data center. CE allows a user to log out, edit, and sign configuration components. By placing the data version of the contract between the configuration of the interface components. CE supports ensure global consistency constraint expression across configuration components and versions, the structural changes in the data center configuration components of change in isolation, and enable branch section configured to allow activities to enable the configuration of a snapshot rollback. CE ensure that in each sign and each type is consistent with the constraints are satisfied, to first eliminate unsound or inconsistent configuration. When configuring activity in the data center changes can deploy multiple versions of the configuration of a time window. During these transitional window, hosting a set of configurations are permitted to have multiple versions of activities to reflect the real situation in the data center.


Kendomycin [(−)-TAN 2162] 1 was re-isolated from Streptomyces violaceoruber (strain 3844-33C) in the course of our chemical screening programme. The structure with the relative configuration only was confirmed by the X-ray analysis of 1. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined by using the advanced Mosher's ester method applied to kendomycin acetonide 2. The biosynthesis of 1 was performed using stable isotope labelling experiments. From the results it is assumed that a highly oxygenated benzoic acid, derived from (3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid, serves as the starter unit of the aliphatic polyketide chain. The cyclisation generating the 18-membered ansa-bridge by the formation of a C–C bond might follow a new type of aldol condensation. 1 and 2 exhibit antibacterial activity and strong cytotoxicity against different tumor cell lines.


The purpose of this study was to investigate energy reduction using electrocoagulation (EC) followed by electrooxidation (EO) targeting initial removal of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) during EC a...


It is illuminated information about the financial -tax system and the situation in the Surkhan oasis of the Bukhara Emirate in this article. As well as that It is cited dates about the types of taxes and their amounts in the principalities of the Surkhan oasis, the attitude of the population to the tax system and the content of the letters addressed to the Emir in the process of tax collection, along with the performance of duties by officials in the principalities.The article emphasizes that the study ofthe role of the Surkhandarya oasis in the history of the Bukhara Emirate on the basis of archival materials from historians and the Bukhara twin is an important area of research in our history.Index Terms:Archive of Bukhara "Qoshbegi", Surkhan oasis principalities, financial and tax system, tax reporting, mann, tanob, kafsan, tenge


SUMMARY Sets of E- to NE-trending sinistral and/or reverse faults occur within the San Andreas system, and are associated with palaeomagnetic evidence for clockwise vertical-axis rotations. These structures cut across the trend of active dextral faults, posing questions as to how displacement is transferred across them. Geodetic data show that they lie within an overall dextral shear field, but the data are commonly interpreted to indicate little or no slip, nor any significant rate of rotation. We model these structures as rotating by bookshelf slip in a dextral shear field, and show that a combination of sinistral slip and rotation can produce the observed velocity field. This allows prediction of rates of slip, rotation, fault-parallel extension and fault-normal shortening within the panel. We use this method to calculate the kinematics of the central segment of the Garlock Fault, which cuts across the eastern California shear zone at a high angle. We obtain a sinistral slip rate of 6.1 ± 1.1mmyr –1 , comparable to geological evidence, but higher than most previous geodetic estimates, and a rotation rate of 4.0 ± 0.7 ◦ Myr –1 clockwise. The western Transverse Ranges transect a similar shear zone in coastal and offshore California, but at an angle of only 40 ◦ . As a result, the faults, which were sinistral when they were at a higher angle to the shear zone, have been reactivated in a dextral sense at a low rate, and the rate of rotation of the panel has decreased from its long-term rate of ∼5 ◦ to 1.6 ◦ ± 0.2 ◦ Myr –1 clockwise. These results help to resolve some of the apparent discrepancies between geological and geodetic slip-rate estimates, and provide an enhanced understanding of the mechanics of intracontinental transform systems.


Using the relationship between the resistance, capacitance and current in Hopfield neural network, and the properties of sigmoid function, this paper gives the terse, explicit algebraical criteria of global exponential stability, global asymptotical stability and instability. Then this paper makes clear the essence of the stability that Hopfield defined, and provides a theoretical foundation for the design of a network.


In the past few years there has been a renewal of interest in false positive serologic reactions. Partly because of the increased number of tests performed as a routine on apparently nonsyphilitic persons, there is a better realization of the number of causes of false positive reactions. There are three main groups of such reactions: (1) those due to technical error, a relatively infrequent occurrence; (2) those reactions encountered in persistently false positive human serums resulting from the presence of a reagin-like component which has been demonstrated in various animal serums;1(3) those positive serologic reactions which are found in patients with organic disease other than syphilis; they occur regularly in yaws, fairly constantly in leprosy and malaria and less frequently in many other diseases.2Further information and conclusive identification of those diseases causing positive reactions are particularly of clinical interest when the reactions are strongly positive and


The growing concern among researchers and analysts with regard to the decline in savings amounts is not without intention, interest and purpose. As saving is a personal and individual matter, an approach in which people are urged to augment their savings cannot be taken for granted. Yet while everyone has their own unique set of needs, preferences, motives and habits, this research aims to identify the typical factors that determine household saving in Indonesia. The model to test which factors are the most important is saving as a function of income, consumption, demographic status, psychological, institutional, and financial literacy. The respondents were derived from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) from  periods 2007 and 2014. Using quantile regression, we found income to be the most significant factor for saving in 2007 followed by education attainment, employment status and past saving experience. In 2014, the most influential factors were income, risk preference, employment status, urban/rural location and disincentives for going to the bank. Access to finance may offer the potential to resolve the whole of the financial issue for both sides, the demanders and suppliers of microfinancing, both individually and institutionally


This paper considers an inventory system consisting of one supplier and one retailer, and studies a joint inventory policy and transport capacity decision for this inventory system with carbon emissions. The joint decision simultaneously determines the reorder interval of the retailer and the number of the vehicles used to transport the product from the supplier to the retailer while minimizing the inventory replenishment related cost and the carbon emission cost. This paper considers the carbon emissions from holding and replenishing inventory at the retailer, and calculates the carbon emissions based on the reorder interval of the retailer and the number of the vehicles used to transport the product. This problem is formulated as a nonlinear mixed integer programming, and an algorithm is designed to solve the nonlinear mixed integer programming to optimality. The computational results show that the integrated model proposed in this paper can reduce the system-wide cost and the carbon emissions by 5.6% and 14.42% in average, respectively. For the cases that the product with low fixed ordering cost and the vehicle with high fuel consumption, the superiority of the integrated model is more prominent. Besides, the computational results also provide some other management insights.


A modified Olami Feder-Christensen model of self-organized criticality on a square lattice with the properties of small world networks has been studied.We find that our model displays power-law behavior and the exponent τ of the model depends on φ,the density of long-range connections in our network.


In the United Kingdom (UK), both the Department for Transport and Transport for London promote a balanced approach to project appraisal, where metrics such as the Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) are complemented by an investigation of the strategic aspects of each investment option. This paper contains a few basic reminders, for those assessing transport investments, that the BCR is one component of the appraisal rather than a summary measure. Issues related to the visibility, comparability and uncertainty of BCRs are discussed here. The paper includes several examples to illustrate the dilemmas involved in selecting the preferred option in an appraisal. Some of these examples are imaginary and others are based on recent projects assessed by Transport for London.


Political scientists have long considered the primacy of ideology, party affiliation, and constituency preferences in determining how members of the U.S. Congress make decisions. At the same time, psychologists have held that individuals' immutable personality traits play a central role in individual decision-making. In this paper, we seek to bridge these literatures by offering a rational-choice based characterization of how personality informs legislator decision-making, independently of policy preferences. Specifically, we provide an decision-theoretic grounding for the "Big Five'' personality model and identify how different personality traits affect the legislative behavior -- broadly defined -- of members of Congress. We apply recent advances in computer science to estimate personality across each of the "Big Five" dimensions using speeches recorded in the Congressional Record. In particular, we use Support Vector Machines (SVM) models to connect linguistic cues in legislator speech with known personality correlates of those cues. These results in hand, we study how legislators personality traits affect their behavior in Congress. Our results are substantively fascinating and a significant contribution to the discipline, as they show that personality has a strong relationship with legislator behavior -- even after controlling for legislator ideology.


LaAlO3-Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 (LAO-BST) thin films, with different LAO contents, were deposited on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si and (100) LaAlO3 substrate, via a pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Phase composition and microstructure of the LAO-BST thin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The LAO-BST thin films were solid solution of LAO nd BST, with lattice constant decreasing with increasing LAO content. The composition of (LAO)x(BST)1-x, estimated from the lattice constant of the thin films derived from the targets of 1/6, 2/6 and 3/6 LAO, was 0.143, 0.278, 0.476, respectively. The grain size of the thin films decreased as a result of the incorporation of LAO into BST. Dielectric properties of the LAO-BST thin films on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si were measured at low frequency (100 kHz), while those on LaAlO3 substrate were characterized at high frequency (~7.9 GHz). The dielectric constants of the film derived from pure BST target and those from the targets with 1/6, 2/6 and 3/6 area ratio of LAO, on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrate, were 772, 514, 395 and 282, with a dielectric loss of 0.096, 0.023, 0.024 and 0.025, and a dielectric tunability of 65%, 53%, 43% and 14%, respectively. The dielectric constant of the LAO-BST films on LaAlO3 substrate were 2436, 2148, 2018, 1805, with a maximum dielectric tunability of 11%, 13%, 10% and 8% at a maximum applied voltage of 2.4 kV (~9.2 kV/cm).


This course examines modern Japanese history through the analytical lens of gender in order to better understand how the socially constructed aspects of individual identity influenced significant developments in Japanese society and culture from 1600 to the present. In addition to surveying the history of modern Japan, this course introduces important theoretical issues and intellectual frameworks that underpin the study of gender in East Asian context. While there are no prerequisites for this course, students should be prepared to engage in critical discussion and be ready to discuss the case of Japan as they develop their own thoughts on gender, sexuality, and the history of gender relations in modern East Asia.


During the past five decades, Yang Zhi-yong made the following academic contributions: participating in the compilation of literary classic work Ashima by means of stereoscopic field investigation and comprehensive arrangement,probing into the origin of primitive culture, exploring into the primitive witchcraft and totem as well as religion and myths,inquiring into the deep values of folk culture through semiotics,and taking up the stereoscopic descriptive research of the national customs in the multi-national regions.


Recently, 2 new Group B Streptococcus (GBS) serotypes, IV and provisional V, have been described. To gain information on the relationship between pathogenicity and occurrence of some specific bacterial components, we studied the virulence in a mouse model, the ultrastructural aspect of type IV and V cells, and their sialic acid content. The new serotypes exhibited very low virulence for the mouse, similar to that found in GBS serotype III. The amount of sialic acid present on the bacterial surface (4.8 mg/g of bacterial cells in type IV and 1.8 mg/g in provisional type V) accorded well with this low virulence. When pretreated with type-specific antisera, a very thin and irregular layer of capsular material surrounded the cells in type IV, while a clearly defined capsule was observed in provisional type V.


Initiated by political and administrative changes that started in 1795, record-keeping in the Netherlands underwent a metamorphosis. The alterations were greatly influenced by French practices during the period that the country was under French control and administration. However, many of the traditional record-keeping methods were preserved and mixed with the French practices. Local administrations, like those of the town of Dordrecht, seem largely to have escaped from French influence on their record-keeping. However, increasing paperwork enforced bureaucracy, and the bureaucracy imposed its administrative rules on the local political hierarchy, such as the city council and the committee of burgomaster and aldermen. The Dordrecht case study demonstrates how record-keeping moved from the primary process of decision making to become a bureaucratic specialty, which met the requirements of the bureaucracy itself rather than those of the political decision makers. The beginning of the twentieth century witnessed the birth of a formal record-keeping system, controlled by a specialized registry.


TVPE (1826 Spaight St., Madison, Wisconsin 53704; to begin publication on a monthly basis in February 1973 at $6.00 per year) Television Quarterly Terry Galanoy's Tonight! (New York: Doubleday, 1972 -- $7.95) Gene Kievan, Turn That Damned Thing Off: An Irreverent look at TV's Impact on the American Scene (Indianapolis: Bobbs- Merrill, 1972 -- $6.95) John Gambling's Rambling with Gambling (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1972 -- $6.95) Mary Francis Rhymer (ed.) The Small House Halfway Up in the Next Block: Paul Rhymer's Vic and Sade (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1972 -- 9.50) Charles E. Lowman's Magnetic Recording (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1972 -- $14.50)


Two‐dimensional contact type fingerprint scanner with a resolution of 300 dpi (84 μm dot pitch) were fabricated for the fingerprint recognition. This sensor array consists of three parts; a sensor thin film transistor (TFT), storage capacitor and switch TFT. High quality of captured fingerprint image was obtained through the a‐Si:H TFT‐array with a high photo to dark current ratio of above 3 order of sensor TFT.


The key aspects and features of a progressive climate policy along with non-market direct action measures that are available are discussed. The need for such measures has emerged following failure of market-based measures such as carbon tax are inadequate.


During the preceding decade of the 1980's, rural communities witnessed an exodus of over 5 million residents to urban and suburban areas of the nation. It has become increasingly clear that rural parts of the country must adopt aggressive strategies to strengthen rural communities and enhance the quality of life for its citizens into the 21st century. Studies by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Technology Assessment, and the Aspen Institute all identify advanced telecommunications systems as the linchpin for a vigorous future for rural America. The Revitalization of Health and Education in Rural America Act of 1992 incorporates these recommendations into viable strategies to improve health care and educational services for rural citizens. By linking up hospitals and schools through advanced telecommunications technology, vast geographic distances are instantly reduced. With the proper infrastructure in place, up-to-date telecommunications services will facilitate endless opportunities for improving the quality of life in remote areas. This comprehensive legislation is the critical first step in forging a partnership with urban communities to create an economically sound and technologically advanced America for generations to come. Improvement of health care and educational services in rural areas through the implementation of interactive telecommunications systems is addressed. A copy of the Act is included.


The invention discloses an oscillating device and an air conditioner, pertaining to the technical field of air conditioners for the purpose of solving the problem in the prior art that an air discharge end easily drops down during rotation. The oscillating device comprises a lower guide rail, an annular rack, an upper guide rail and driving assemblies. The lower guide rail is a circular guide rail. The annular rack is fixedly connected with the lower guide rail. The upper guide rail is a circular guide rail and parallel to the lower guide rail. The driving assembly comprises a motor fixedly connected with the upper guide rail. An output shaft of the motor is provided with gears engaged with the annular rack. The motor is capable of driving the gears to perform engaging movement relative to the annular rack such that the gears drive the upper guide rail to rotate relative to the lower guide rail. The oscillating device can be used for the air conditioner, an air purifier, a dehumidifier and a fan.


Suvorexant would be the first in a new class of insomnia drugs, called orexin receptor antagonists, that work by blocking brain chemicals that keep persons awake.


As epitomized by the spread of smartphones and cloud computing, the ways in which telecommunications networks are being used are further diversifying, and photonic information and communications technology (photonic ICT), connecting the world with light, has become a vital fundamental technology today on which al kinds of social infrastructures are based. At the same time, problems with power consumption and heat generation by the massive telecommunications systems themselves are beginning to surface with the increase in trafic and size of datacenters. Long distance transmission of optical signals using optical fibers was put into practical use a long time ago, but the signal processing part at the core of the telecommunications system stil relies on electronic circuits. Traditional electronic technology based on silicon LSIs are already close to their limit, while the speed and trafic of telecommunications networks are accelerating, and social demand for minimizing power consumption has been rising. In order to answer to these mutualy opposing demands in performance, we must use light not only as the medium for long distance transmissions, but also make use of essential optical technology in the field of advanced signal processing. For example, signal delays and the amount of heat generated per unit volume are becoming serious problems in high-end servers and supercomputers due to many-core CPUs and the high density of electrical interconnections, and the replacement of metal interconnections with short distance, intraand inter chip optical interconnects is progressing rapidly. In this way, the development of photonic materials and devices is growing increasingly important. Photonics has evolved towards device miniaturization with the ultimate goal of integrating many optical components onto a compact chip, producing photonic integrated circuits with high degrees of functionality. However, in conventional optics, miniaturization of structures in photonic manipulations is restricted by the difraction limit. Therefore, photonic devices are generaly much larger than conventional electronic devices. The main issue is how to build a photonic device on the same kind of miniature scale as electronic devices in order to realize an optical integrated circuit such as that required for on-chip optical communication. Given this situation, a growing amount of research has been carried out in recent years on photonic crystals and silicon photonic devices as a new optical element technology to overcome that which has been considered dificult to achieve in photonic devices, such as downsizing and integration. Silicon is the material that forms the basis of electronic devices, but traditionaly, it was considered unsuitable for use in optical modulation, detection and light emiting devices. For a long time it was mostly ignored for its unsuitability in photonic devices. However, serious research into its use in photonic devices began in the 2000s initiated through national projects or


Glaucoma which is known as the "thief of sight", is an irreversible eye disease It is mainly caused by increased intraocular pressure (IOP), or loss of blood supply to the optic nerve. Glaucoma detection and diagnosis is very important. By analyzing the optic disc and its surroundings, This paper introduces a method for providing automated glaucoma screening services based on a framework that proposes a retinal image synthesizer for glaucoma assessment by analyzing the optic disc and its surroundings. The Cup to Disc Ratio (CDR) is critical for the system, and it is calculated using 2-D retinal fundus images. The synthetic images produced by our system are compared quantitatively. The structural properties of synthetic and real images are analyzed, and the quality of colour is calculated by extracting the 2-D histogram. The system allows patients to receive low-cost remote diagnostics from a distance, preventing blindness and vision loss by early detection and management. Keyword: CDR value, Fundus Image


Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Degener) is not widely traded due to its short shelf life. Edible coatings can be used to extend the postharvest life of fruits. The objective of this study was to develop a candelilla wax-based coating (Euphorbia antisyphilitica Zucc) for the preservation of passion fruit. Three coating formulations (C1, C2, and C3) were made with pectin, glycerol, and candelilla wax and applied by immersion. Weight loss and changes in physical appearance were used to assess shelf life under two storage conditions: room temperature (32 °C/6 days) and refrigeration (6.6 °C/32 days). Uncoated fruit in both storage conditions served as controls. Furthermore, a physicochemical characterization of the coatings was performed. Coated fruit at room temperature showed an improvement in weight retention compared to controls, but no differences in physical appearance were observed. In fruits stored under refrigeration, only C2 had less weight loss compared to the control, while C3 maintained a better physical appearance. In terms of coating characterization, C3 presented the lowest moisture content and thickness. C1 obtained the highest density value, while C1 also had the highest water vapor permeability rate (TPVA) value. The application of the C2 coating was effective in preserving the fruit for a longer period of time, and this coating has the lowest TPVA value, which is related to the decrease in weight loss in the fruit.


Objective To investigate mental health of SARS patients f or three period:entering hospital,leaving hospital and at present.Methods 116 SARS patients completed self-reported invent ories including Common Status Questionnaire,SCL-90.Results The general state of SARS patients were stable du ring leaving hospital compared with entering hospital.But they were panic more s eriously.They were in preferable state at present compared with leaving hospital .Their symptoms were improved a lot in somatization,depression,anxiety,panic and psychotic and improved little in obsessive-compulsive,individual sensitivity,h ostility and paranoid.Conclusion SARS patients exist severe mood disorders.They should be evaluated continuously and be intervened in time.


BACKGROUND There is limited information on ipsilateral synchronous papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC). Therefore, these rare tumors are often misdiagnosed preoperatively as a single tumor with intrarenal metastasis or some other diseases. Effective management and long-term overall survival might be affected because the prognosis of the two tumors differs. CASE SUMMARY We describe a case of ipsilateral synchronous PRCC and CCRCC with two histological variants in a 72-year-old man, whose mass was found incidentally, with no other chief complaints and vital signs were normal. Initial ultrasound revealed a hypoechoic lobular mass with a volume of 7.8 cm × 4.8 cm × 2.8 cm in the middle to lower pole of the left kidney. A subsequent contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan showed a single endophytic mass of 7.5 cm in diameter. The patient underwent laparoscopic left radical nephrectomy. A final diagnosis of ipsilateral synchronous PRCC and CCRCC was confirmed by pathological examination. There was no recurrence or metastasis after 25 mo follow-up. CONCLUSION We report a case of ipsilateral synchronous PRCC and CCRCC, and review related literature to estimate the prevalence of similar cases. The above descriptions may be expected to help understand the disease, and improve diagnosis in the future.


NbC films are prepared using ion beam sputtering system by varying Ar flow rate from 2.5 sccm (standard cubic centimeter per minute) to 4.0 sccm. Grazing incidence x-ray reflectivity (λ= 1.54 A) and soft x-ray reflectivity techniques are applied to characterize the film structure and chemical compositions. The soft x-ray reflectivity measurements are carried out using reflectivity beamline at Indus-1 synchrotron source. The results suggest that the density of the film increases with increase in Ar gas flow. Density of 94.5% bulk value is achieved at Ar gas flow of 4.0 sccm (NbC bulk density is 7.82 g/cc). Optical density profiles in wavelength region of 60-120 A is obtained from the soft x-ray reflectivity data and that in turn is used to analyze the film composition.


There must hardly be a visitor to Banaras (aka Varanasi, Benares, Kashi), Indian or foreign, who leaves the city without taking a boat ride along its sacred and historic riverfront, one of the most photographed sites in all of South Asia. For most foreign tourists, the owners and pliers of these wooden vessels, with their accosting cry of 'Hello! Boat?!', are just another commercial intrusion on the 'spiritual atmosphere' of north India's holiest city. But researchers privileged to stay in Banaras for some time may become aware that the boatmen belong to a hereditary occupational community*a caste or jati*known as Mallah (or, in some contexts, Nishad, Khevat or Gangaputra) that has been a core part of Banaras culture for a very long time. The ubiquitous 'boatmen'*whose traditional occupations also include fishing, seasonal cultivation of the river's floodplain and 'mining' sandbanks for use in the construction and repair of buildings and ghats*have been viewed as the predominant shudra or 'fourth estate' caste of the premodern city, responsible for a wide range of necessary work activities. Hence, it is surprising that no scholarly study of this heavily researched pilgrimage city has focused on their history, work practices, lore and self-understanding. This lacuna has now been filled by the work of the Israeli anthropologist Assa Doron, who has produced a comprehensive and often entertaining account of the boatmen based on extensive fieldwork. In his introduction, Doron explains the genesis of the book in his own transition from backpacker tourist to professional guide to graduate student researcher pursuing a degree in anthropology at La Trobe University, where he would produce the dissertation on which this book is based. He revisits clichés about Mallahs found in fiction and popular culture, details his initial contacts on what would prove to be his major field site*Assi Ghat*and introduces some of the theoretical literature to which his approach is indebted, particularly the work of James Scott on 'peasant resistance' and the Subaltern Studies historians. Perspectives drawn from these scholars, presented in refreshingly jargon-free prose, appear throughout succeeding


1. 'One People' Nationalism PART I 2. How to Become an American 3. Why Not All Groups are Equal 4. Choosing New Members: The Rise of Immigration Restriction 5. The Drive for Authentic Americans: World War I Nationalism PART II 6. World War II and the Challenge to Assimilation 7. America Abroad at Home: International Pressures and Nationhood 8. Remaking the American Nation CONCLUSION


Almost all machining industries in Sri Lanka use mineral oil–based and synthetic oils as metal working fluids during machining. But their usage has potential for long-term environmental pollution and threat to workers' health. Therefore, much effort has been focused on research and development of eco-friendly and hazard-free alternatives to mineral oil–based metal working fluids, and the use of vegetable oils is one such alternative. This study was focused on investigating the easy access of vegetable oils in Sri Lanka and most commonly machined metals in the local industry, so that the outcome would be much more beneficial to the local industries. After several tests with 10 candidate vegetable oils, white coconut oil is selected as base oil and the results of a successful questionnaire survey directed to select mild steel and AISI 304 steel as the machining metals. Machining experiments were planned using Taguchi methods, and the variation of the surface roughness was tracked with respect to four variable parameters depth of cut, feed rate, spindle speed and metal working fluid. Two mathematical models were developed to predict the surface roughness and optimize the parameters. Further experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of metal working fluid for smooth- and rough-cut conditions. These experiments revealed that white coconut oil is a better metal working fluid for mild steel, while soluble oil favors AISI 304 steel. Different thermal conductivities of metals cause the coconut oil to act differently while machining two metal types.


The article raises an in-depth analysis on the possibilities that the Social Networks 2.0 offer to become a channel of communication of History. The study has been carried out on Twitter because its linguistic and structural characteristics represent a challenge to achieve an efficient dissemination of historical knowledge. However, Twitter offers the advantage of its popularity, more than 11 million accounts in Spain and more than 500 million worldwide. It is estimated that each day there are 65 million tweets and 800,000 queries


Objective : Essential oil inhalation and He-Ne laser treatment has become increasingly available in children with nasal diseases. But the reports on the effect and prognosis have been poor. In this study, we analyzed the treatment effect, recurrence rate and the degree of recurrent symptoms. Materials/Methods: 23 children(2-10 year-old) with nasal diseases, who received essential oil inhalation with He-Ne laser treatment at least 10 times in our hospital from January 1st 2001 to December 31th 2002 were studied. Result : Ten cases are male & thirteen cases are female. The average of age was 4.91 year-old. The most frequency symptoms are nasal discharge (82.6%), nasal obstruction (78.3%), cough (47.8%), secretion sound (39.1%), sneezing (17.4%). Average numbers of treatment period, interval and treatment times are 71.79 days, 4.06 days, 18.13 times respectively. Of the 23 children, 14 children were in 'all symptom improved' at the remedial ends, and 22 children relapsed. In the degree of recurrent symptoms, 15 children were in 'more improved then before-treatment and not equal to directly remedial ends'. No case was in 'worse than before-treatment'. The final result of treatment, 6 children keep the degree of remedial ends, on the other hand 17 children are not. Conclusions : Even though, the recurrence rate was high, this combined treatment improve nasal symptoms. The final assessment is good, when the treatment-result is good, when the treatment interval is regular and when parent's are cooperative. If the symptoms continue a whole year, the result is not so good.


DOE project DE-PS26-00NT40758 has developed very active, lean exhaust, NOx reduction catalysts that have been tested on the discovery system, laboratory reactors and engine dynamometer systems. The goal of this project is the development of effective, affordable NOx reduction catalysts for lean combustion engines in the US light duty vehicle market which can meet Tier II emission standards with hydrocarbons based reductants for reducing NOx. General Motors (prime contractor) along with subcontractors BASF (Engelhard) (a catalytic converter developer) and ACCELRYS (an informatics supplier) carried out this project which began in August of 2002. BASF (Engelhard) has run over 16,000 tests of 6100 possible catalytic materials on a high throughput discovery system suitable for automotive catalytic materials. Accelrys developed a new database informatics system which allowed material tracking and data mining. A program catalyst was identified and evaluated at all levels of the program. Dynamometer evaluations of the program catalyst both with and without additives show 92% NOx conversions on the HWFET, 76% on the US06, 60% on the cold FTP and 65% on the Set 13 heavy duty test using diesel fuel. Conversions of over 92% on the heavy duty FTP using ethanol as a second fluid reductant have beenmore » measured. These can be competitive with both of the alternative lean NOx reduction technologies presently in the market. Conversions of about 80% were measured on the EUDC for lean gasoline applications without using active dosing to adjust the C:N ratio for optimum NOx reduction at all points in the certification cycle. A feasibility analysis has been completed and demonstrates the advantages and disadvantages of the technology using these materials compared with other potential technologies. The teaming agreements among the partners contain no obstacles to commercialization of new technologies to any potential catalyst customers.« less


This review of fracture analysis reports for cases involving derailment-causing wheel fractures covers the general experience of four railroads between 1969 and 1985. The report examines wheel rim and flange wear damage, origin of damage, stress, and discoloration in both detail and statistical terms.


Data-driven process control considering both geometric and loaded contact performance evaluations has been an increasingly important stage in field of spiral bevel and hypoid gears. A new data-driven manufacturing process control strategy is proposed for a high performance spiral bevel and hypoid gears. Here, to distinguish with the conventional simulated loaded tooth contact analysis (SLTCA) using economical finite element software package, the numerical loaded tooth contact analysis (NLTCA) is of more flexibility and practicality. In light of the advantages of the improved design for six sigma (DFSS), it is integrated with NLTCA for establishing a novel data-driven process control of gear manufacturing. Firstly, in improved DFSS framework, quality function deployment (QFD) is used to determine four sub-objective high-performance evaluation items. Then, their data-driven relationships between machine settings are respectively determined by using NLTCA. In particular, the manufacturing process control is further converted into multi-objective optimization (MOO) modification of the hypoid generator settings. Finally, an interactive preference point approach is applied for data-driven control of its iterative step and it can obtain a robust solution from Pareto optimal front. A case study is provided to verify the proposed methodology.


Spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1 (SMARD1) is an inherited condition that causes muscle weakness and respiratory failure typically beginning in infancy. Early features of this condition are difficult and noisy breathing, especially when inhaling; a weak cry; problems feeding; and recurrent episodes of pneumonia. Typically between the ages of 6 weeks and 6 months, infants with this condition will experience a sudden inability to breathe due to paralysis of the muscle that separates the abdomen from the chest cavity (the diaphragm). Normally, the diaphragm contracts and moves downward during inhalation to allow the lungs to expand. With diaphragm paralysis, affected individuals require life-long support with a machine to help them breathe (mechanical ventilation). Rarely, children with SMARD1 develop signs or symptoms of the disorder later in childhood.


The idea of 'reciprocity of reference frames' in the form upsilon '=- upsilon , which Strand (ibid., vol.13, p.L389, 1980) suggests should be applied generally to the relative velocities of two inertial frames, is not correct.


PurposeTo report factors influencing the relationship between visual acuity (VA) fractions measured on Snellen chart and letter scores on the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) chart. DesignThis was a retrospective review from a single ophthalmology outpatient clinic. MethodsAll patients had routine consecutive VA testing in the right eye using a Snellen chart (1–6 m) and the ETDRS chart (4 m and/or 1 m), by the same optometrist, using a standardized testing protocol for each chart. Both acuity fractions and letter scores were converted to their equivalent logarithm of minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) for comparison. Multiple regression analysis was performed. ResultsA total of 237 patients with a wide range of ocular disease and VAs were enrolled. Mean age was 63 years (range, 18–95 years). Recorded VA (logMAR) was better on Snellen chart by a mean (95% limits of agreement) of −0.07 (−0.33 to +0.18, P < 0.001). There was a trend for subjects with VA worse than 6/36 to read 3 to 6 letters more and those better than 6/36 to read 4 to 5 letters less on the ETDRS chart. Visual acuity level and amblyopia contributed to a small portion (17%–26%) of the total variance in the difference between logMAR equivalents derived from the 2 charts. ConclusionsThe discrepancy in VA derived from Snellen and ETDRS charts was nonuniform across VA range. This has implications on interpretation of published studies converting Snellen fractions to logMAR for analysis and reporting of VA outcomes.


Shale is a self-sourced reservoir rock that contains tremendous natural gas resources. Shale incorporates unique gas storage mechanisms, and both free gas and adsorbed gas contribute significantly ...


Background: Diet appears to play a key role in the pathogenesis of the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Some dietary patterns (DP) could increase the risk of triggering or worsening IBS symptoms. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the association between a posteriori derived DP and IBS in a large French population, the web-based NutriNet-Santé cohort. Methods: Study population included participants of the NutriNet-Santé study who completed a questionnaire based on Rome III criteria assessing IBS. A principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to identify major DPs based on 29 food groups' consumption. Associations between DP quintiles and IBS were investigated with multivariable logistic regressions. Results: 44,350 participants were included, with 2423 (5.5%) presenting IBS. Three major DP were extracted using PCA, "healthy," "western," and "traditional." After adjustments on confounders, the "western" DP was positively associated with IBS (OR Q5 vs. Q1 = 1.38, 95% CI 1.19–1.61, p trend < 0.0001) and the "traditional" DP was positively associated with IBS in women (OR Q5 vs. Q1 = 1.29 95% CI 1.08–1.54, p trend = 0.001). Conclusions: In this study, a "western" DP—highly correlated with the consumption of fatty and sugary products and snacks—was associated with a moderate increased risk of IBS.


Following the study of antiarrhythmic action of chlorpromazine by Arora and Madan (1, 2), Courvoisier et al. (3) and Burn (4), several others phenothiazine derivatives have been found to possess arrhythmia combating properties (1-10). The correlation of chemical structure with antiarrhythmic activity among phenothiazine derivatives has been studied by Sato et al. (9), and Singh and Sharma (10). In the present study, 10-N substituted phenothiazines have been examined in ventricular ectopic tachycardia and an attempt has been made to find the essential structural features responsible for antiarrhythmic activity.


The physical parameters of a particle bed reactor can significantly impact performance and suitability for a particular mission. The thermal and hydraulic considerations related to these physical parameters are presented based on a conceptual reference design. Key overall assumptions and technical correlations are discussed. The importance of two design parameters, inlet frit porosity and outlet channel diameter, is demonstrated.


A physical model for describing an inviscid motion of free and wall liquid sheets induced by drop impact is presented. This model takes into account the formation of thick borders at the edge of a spreading drop, and the influence of advancing and receding contact angles on the dynamics of blob formation and motion. It has been shown that the blob motion on a free liquid sheet is described by a universal relationship (independent of the Weber number) in terms of dimensionless blob coordinates at both advancing and receding stages. For the case of blob formation and motion on a wall sheet at high Weber numbers, only the advancing stage is described by a universal relationship. The receding stage depends on the ratio of advancing and receding contact angles, but not on the Weber number. At the instant when the drop is at its maximum extension, the blob speed becomes equal to the liquid sheet velocity and the total kinetic energy of the drop is greater than zero. It is shown that the ratio of the instantaneo...


Abstract Learners must develop the ability to perceive linguistic and social meaning in their second language (L2) to interact effectively, but relatively little is known about how learners link social meaning to a single phonetic variable. Using a matched-guise test targeting coda /s/ (realized as [s] or debuccalized [h]), we explore whether L2 Spanish learners identify native speakers' social characteristics based on phonetic variants. Our results indicate that advanced learners were more sensitive to sociophonetic information; advanced listeners who had completed a phonetics course were significantly more likely to categorize /s/ reducers as Caribbean and those who had studied abroad in aspirating regions recognized a relationship between coda /s/ and status. To account for the complex interplay among proficiency, explicit instruction, and dialectal exposure in the development of L2 sociophonetic perception, we suggest the union of the L2 Linguistic Perception Model with exemplar models of phonological representation and indexical meaning.


An application is said to be soft real-time if it is able to tolerate occasional violations of its timing constraints. The overall CPU utilization of a soft real-time system can be improved by exploiting the relaxed nature of its timing constraints. One possible approach is by adapting CPU-budgets in reservation-based schedulers. Reservation-based schedulers allow parts of the system and groups of tasks to be isolated from one another. By making the reservations adaptive, resources such as CPU can be allocated to tasks based on current usage rather than worst-case usage, which can help to improve the overall utilization of CPU time committed to tasks. This paper presents an adaptive budget allocation algorithm where the allocated budget is adapted at reservation-period boundaries based on predictions of future CPU usage. This approach differs from previous algorithms where adaptations are performed on job completion. Simulation results show that adaptations at reservation-period boundaries allow for a faster response time. Results from experiments performed on a prototype demonstrate the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed system.


ZIOLKOWSKI, A. 1986, The Scaling of Airgun Arrays Including Depth Dependence and Interactions, Geophysical Prospecting 34, 383-408. The article provides a theoretical basis for the extension of the method of scaling law deconvolution to three dimensions using airgun arrays as a sound source. Earlier papers by the author required the dimensions of the scaled sources to be different while the depths and firing pressures were maintained the same in order to preserve the same dynamics of the scaled sources at scaled time. However, this forces the source ghost to be considered as part of the impulse response of the earth rather than as part of the downgoing source wave. And, in fact, the dynamics of the scaled sources are not the same at the same depth because the ghost reflection modulates the behaviour of the oscillating bubbles generated by the airguns, and this modulation does not scale. To force the sources to scale properly, including the ghost interaction, the larger source must be put at greater depth, where hydrostatic pressure is greater, and the initial firing pressure must be adjusted accordingly. Thus, the depth, initial firing pressure and gun volume are all variables. The interaction among guns in scaled airgun arrays also scales exactly if the geometry of an array and the depth of its deployment are scaled by the same factor.


Within the by H2020 founded project DESTination Rail, a task is dedicated to the development of a tool for rail traffic flow optimization in terms of maintenance work. On a single track line priority is set for as much work as possible to be done in one time slot between two trains. Sometimes, the timetable is even modified to allow more efficient maintenance work. On a double track line all traffic has to run over the remaining track, where typically a slow speed zone is established to protect working staff. For this bottleneck section, it is very important to have an efficient usage of capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the speed profile of approaching trains to let them pass the bottleneck section exactly at the allowed speed limit to keep occupation time as short as possible.


A long term field study was conducted to investigate wheat growth and yield response to various green manure legumes (Sesbania, Cluster bean, Rice bean) and different P levels (0, 30, 60, 90 kg P20S ha') There was a significant but variable effect of incorporation of various green manure legumes on wheat growth and yield Maximum total biomass was produced by Sesbania incorporation followed by Cluster bean and Rice bean in descending order. Similar trend was observed in case of grain yield under these treatments. Application of P, further improved the wheat biomass production as well as grain yield of wheat. Increasing dose of P (30, 60 and 90 kg P20S ha') increased the yield by 10, 26 and 40% over control. Over all, average residual effect of green manure crops alongwith various doses and time of P application was consistent and significant. Green manuring alone had 9% residual effect whereas P application caused a residual effect of 14% on the following wheat crop


The invention provides a voltage stabilizing system for electric transmission and transformation equipment. The voltage stabilizing system comprises input voltage detection modules, a controller, a voltage compensation module and a voltage stabilizing circuit module. The input voltage detection modules are connected to the two ends of the equipment about to be subjected to voltage stabilizing and used for acquiring the current voltage value of the equipment about to be subjected to voltage stabilizing. The controller receives the current voltage value sent by the input voltage detection modules and compares the preset voltage value with the current voltage value, the compensating voltage value is obtained through calculation, and a voltage compensation command is set to the voltage compensation module according to the compensating voltage value. The voltage compensation module receives the voltage compensation command sent by the controller and is communicated with the voltage compensation circuit for voltage compensation operation. The voltage stabilizing module is arranged between the voltage compensation module and the equipment about to be subjected to voltage stabilizing. The voltage stabilizing system for the electric transmission and transformation equipment can well stabilize voltage and protect the equipment.


In this paper,the progress,action mechanism,structure-activity relationship,and the main commercialized and developing products of tetrahydrophthalimide herbicide are introduced. The new ideal on malecular design is given,and the future of this kind of herbicides is prospected.


We report RcIc light curves of 2 novae in the M 31 galaxy which were detected in the four year Nainital Microlensing Survey. One of these novae has been tracked from the initial increase in flux while other has been observed during its descend- ing phase of brightness. The photometry of the first nova during the outburst phase suggests its peak Rc magnitude to be about 17.2 mag with a flux decline rate of 0.11 mag day −1 which indicates that it was a fast nova. A month after its outburst, it shows reddening followed by a plateau in Ic flux. The second nova exhibits a bump in Rc and Ic, possibly about three weeks after the outburst.


9560Background: Melanoma staging, as defined by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), is limited in its ability to predict outcome. We have previously identified and validated a prognostic gene signature expressed in primary cutaneous melanoma and adjacent stroma. The signature comprises seven protective genes (down-regulated with tumor progression) and one risk-associated gene (up-regulated). A signature-based risk score independently predicts patient survival, across AJCC stages IA-IIIC, in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) melanomas (training cohort, n = 125; p = 0.0003, hazard ratio 1.85). The score has been validated in 206 melanomas, selected to be significantly mis-prognosticated by AJCC staging regarding patient survival (40.8% mis-prognostication). In this cohort, the score outperforms AJCC staging (p = 0.0005, hazard ratio 1.41 vs. p = n.s.), correcting 34.9% of AJCC-based mis-prognostications. Methods: Here, we report twofold external validation of the risk score, (i) prognostic...


The different mixed Langmuir monolayers of 10,12-pentacosadiynoic acid (PDA) and semifluorinated tetracosane (CF3(CF2)7(CH2)15CH3, as F8H16 below) were studied by surface pressure−area isotherm, UV−Vis spectroscopy, and Brewster angle microscopy (BAM). The surface pressure−area isotherms of the mixed PDA/F8H16 monolayers show reduced limiting molecular areas, which indicate miscible films with strong interactions. A minimum limiting area was found for the monolayer of PDA/F8H16 mixed at 1:2 molar ratio. The UV−Vis spectra show that the PDA in the mixtures can be polymerized upon UV irradiation up to the molar ratio of 1:2 (PDA/F8H16). The BAM images of the mixtures show that at higher ratio of F8H16 the condensed domains of PDA disappear. The above evidence suggests that the fluorinated moiety of F8H16 may stay on top of PDA to form an extra half layer at high surface pressures.


A 10-year-old boy was admitted for a sudden exertional syncope. The ECG showed a regular narrow-QRS tachycardia with RP >PR and negative P waves in inferior leads, suggestive of atrial tachycardia ( Panel A ). The echocardiogram was normal, and the treadmill test provoked high-density monomorphic ventricular extrasystolia. A 24 h Holter documented …


Spin-glass magnetism confined to individual weakly interacting vortices is detected in two different families of high-transition-temperature (T_c) superconductors, but only in samples on the low-doping side of the low-temperature normal state metal-to-insulator crossover (MIC). Our findings unravel the mystery of the MIC, but more importantly identify the true location of the field-induced quantum phase transition (QPT) in the superconducting state. The non-uniform appearance of magnetism in the vortex state favours a surprisingly exotic phase diagram, in which spatially inhomogeneous competing order is stabilized at the QPT, and an `avoided' quantum critical point (QCP) is realized at zero magnetic field.


Wing shooting is an art and science all to itself. Here is a complete primer on this unique sport, with much of interest to the intermediate and advanced shooter--an all-encompassing guide to the subtleties that make shooting so addictive. Chapters cover: * Fundamentals of shooting* Becoming a better shot* Four methods of creating lead* Realizing potential* Finding a gun that fits* Maximizing efficiency with lead* Lead alternatives* Safety* Etiquette* Choosing and shooting side-by-s0des* Choosing autoloaders* Barrels and related matters* Eye dominance and cross shooting* Dealing with recoil* Choosing chokes and loads for game shooting* Sub gauges* Practical ballistics* Shot strings* Training the eye* Footwork* Practice* Accessories* Cleaning your gun* And more With helpful advice on the nuances of gun fit and discussions with experts like Tom Roster, Cliff Moller of Briley, Mike Rose, and Ken Eyster, dissecting such subjects as buffering angents and antimony content, The Complete Guide to Wing Shooting should be on the shelf of every serious shooter, hunter, and gun lover.


An effective potential is proposed as a means to study the mechanism of pairing of high-T c superconductivity in cuprates. The relation between size and energy of bound states evaluated in a first approximation is comparable to recent calculations obtained through quantum electrodynamics in (2 + 1) dimensions. In a second approximation, we consider that pairing occurs at the minimum of this effective potential, the problem being related to the quantum mechanical behavior of a particle described by polar coordinates in a plane. So, according to the present model, the topological constraint determined by the CuO 2 planes seems to be most relevant in the understanding of the pairing mechanism.


The objective of this paper is to delineate classes of linear time-invariant systems with structured uncertainty (either real or complex) for which a Riccati based H/sup /spl infin// style solution to the robust stabilization problem is possible.<<ETX>>


Maxwell's paper on the electromagnetic field has been regarded as his greatest contribution to electrical science. This article, marking the centenary of its publication, describes how the concept of electromagnetic waves evolved.


We consider the Newton's method for an direct solver of the optimal control problems of the Navier-Stokes equations. We show that thenite element solutions of the optimal control problem for Stokes equations may be chosen as the initial guess for the quadratic convergence of Newton's algorithm applied to the optimal control problem for the Navier-Stokes equations provided there are sufficiently small mesh size h and the moderate Reynold's number.