Melatonin, a neurohormone, plays an important role in adjusting the "biological clock" in humans. We sought to describe perioperative patterns of melatonin secretion in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). After IRB approval and written informed consent, 12 male patients scheduled for elective coronary artery bypass grafting under hypothermic CPB were enrolled in the study. During anesthesia, patients' eyes were carefully covered to prevent light effects. Blood samples were taken at specific time points during surgery, every 3 h in the immediate postoperative period, and for 24 h from 6:00 pm of Postoperative Day 2 until 6:00 pm of Postoperative Day 3. Plasma melatonin and cortisol concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. During surgery, plasma melatonin concentrations were below the minimum sensitivity concentration, yet small concentrations, without circadian variation, were detected during the immediate postoperative period. During Postoperative Days 2 and 3, circadian secretion patterns of melatonin were present in 10 patients and showed an inverse correlation with light intensity (r = 0.480;P < 0.01). Plasma cortisol concentrations in the immediate postoperative period were significantly larger than those before the induction of anesthesia (P < 0.01). Only three patients regained circadian secretion of cortisol. We concluded that melatonin and cortisol secretion was disrupted during cardiac surgery with CPB and in the immediate postoperative period. However, circadian rhythms of melatonin were present in most patients from Postoperative Day 2. Only 30% of the patients regained circadian rhythm of cortisol secretion.


Nowadays,with the increasing requirements for home care,various polishing products for leathers,furniture and wooden floors are also required to meet more market appeals.Based on the conventional wax components,the addition of silicones can offer many properties such as polishing effects,long-time gloss retention,water-repellency and moisture-protection,as well as improvement of the application performance of polishing products.With these outstanding and unique properties,silicones have become an indispensable component of polishing products.This paper summarized the applications of common silicone fluids and various modified silicones in the household polishing domain,and gave a brief introduction about the performance and functions of various silicones.


The band structure of the single-domain $\mathrm{Si}(111)\ensuremath{-}(3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1)\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{Li}$ surface is investigated by angular resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) with synchrotron radiation. Vicinal surfaces are used as templates for obtaining a single-domain $(3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1)$ reconstruction. The surface band structure consists of a single, well-pronounced state at about 0.9 eV below the valence band maximum. Its dispersion matches local density calculations for the honeycomb-chain-channel (HCC) structure, but the calculated energy is 0.31 eV too high. This shift is reminiscent of localized surface states on other silicon surfaces, such as Si(111)-H.


Followed the marks of Polish language. A linguistic view of the identity of Mazurian people in the "On the Trail of the Sad Devil" by Melchior Wankowicz This article is an analysis of the linguistic view of the identity of Mazurian people in East Prussia presented in the literary reportage On the Trail of the Sad Devil by Melchior Wankowicz. The main focus is put on symptoms and mechanisms of an identity formation and a cultural interpenetration at the ethnic borderland viewable in language. The text considers narrator and narrative construction. It also presents the Mazurian attitude towards native language in the early 20th century and its historical grounds.


We tested three models of the underpinnings of political ideology, in Sweden and Italy, addressing: (1)political values, with underlying core values and traits, (2) right-wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation, with underlying traits and worldviews, and (3) attitudes to change, equality, and the system, with underlying motivations.


Due to great success of transformers in many applications, such as natural language processing and computer vision, transformers have been successfully applied in automatic modulation classification. We have shown that transformer-based radio signal classification is vulnerable to imperceptible and carefully crafted attacks called adversarial examples. Therefore, we propose a defense system against adversarial examples in transformer-based modulation classifications. Considering the need for computationally efficient architecture particularly for Internet of Things (IoT)-based applications or operation of devices in an environment where power supply is limited, we propose a compact transformer for modulation classification. The advantages of robust training such as adversarial training in transformers may not be attainable in compact transformers. By demonstrating this, we propose a novel compact transformer that can enhance robustness in the presence of adversarial attacks. The new method is aimed at transferring the adversarial attention map from the robustly trained large transformer to a compact transformer. The proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art techniques for the considered white-box scenarios, including the fast gradient method and projected gradient descent attacks. We have provided reasoning of the underlying working mechanisms and investigated the transferability of the adversarial examples between different architectures. The proposed method has the potential to protect the transformer from the transferability of adversarial examples.


Catalogue includes short introduction by Gutte Eriksen, portrait of the artist in his studio, colour images of the ceramic pieces and some biographical information.


Highly specialized professional communities of practice (CoP) inevitably need to operate across geographically dispersed area - members frequently need to interact and share professional content. Crowdsourcing using wiki platforms provides a novel way for a professional community to share ideas and collaborate on content creation, curation, maintenance and sharing. This is the aim of the Field Epidemiological Manual wiki (FEMwiki) project enabling online collaborative content sharing and interaction for field epidemiologists around a growing training wiki resource. However, while user contributions are the driving force for content creation, any medical information resource needs to keep editorial control and quality assurance. This requirement is typically in conflict with community-driven Web 2.0 content creation. However, to maximize the opportunities for the network of epidemiologists actively editing the wiki content while keeping quality and editorial control, a novel structure was developed to encourage crowdsourcing -- a support for dual versioning for each wiki page enabling maintenance of expertreviewed pages in parallel with user-updated versions, and a clear navigation between the related versions. Secondly, the training wiki content needs to be organized in a semantically-enhanced taxonomical navigation structure enabling domain experts to find information on a growing site easily. This also provides an ideal opportunity for crowdsourcing. We developed a user-editable collaborative interface crowdsourcing the taxonomy live maintenance to the community of field epidemiologists by embedding the taxonomy in a training wiki platform and generating the semantic navigation hierarchy on the fly. Launched in 2010, FEMwiki is a real world service supporting field epidemiologists in Europe and worldwide. The crowdsourcing success was evaluated by assessing the number and type of changes made by the professional network of epidemiologists over several months and demonstrated that crowdsourcing encourages user to edit existing and create new content and also leads to expansion of the domain taxonomy.


Modern vehicles have already many systems that allow the drivers to take better decisions regarding the route (such as navigation devices), to avoid accidents (such as blind spot alert systems), or to let the driver focus on the road instead of operating auxiliary equipment (such as automatic air conditioning system). But the driver should also have knowledge about the traffic conditions in the nearby area. Such information could be about the traffic light's colour when the vehicle will arrive at a junction, if the area ahead is congested and other relevant data a traffic management system already has. In this article we will analyse the possibility of sending information to vehicles via one of the most used traffic detectors, the inductive loop. Key-Words: communications, wireless, WiFi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, urban traffic, traffic management system, inductive loop


This paper presents an extension of a comparative study of classifier architectures for automatic fault diagnosis, with a special emphasis on the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), with and without kernel mapping. Besides the explanation of the ELM model, an attempt is made to find theoretical hints of the excellent generalization capabilities of this model, based on the findings of Cover about dichotomies and the equivalence of Mean Squared Error minimization in the high-dimensional feature spaces induced by kernels, and spaces defined by a finite sample set. The field of application is a practical problem in the context of offshore petroleum exploration where sophisticated submersible motor pumps are extensively tested before being deployed. The work juxtaposes the performance of ELM to an existing statistically sound comparison of state of the art classifier methods for a hand-crafted feature model tailored specially to the spectra of the vibrational signals of the pump. The results suggest the remarkably good generalization capability of ELM, exhibiting the highest scores for the chosen F-measure performance criterion.


Describes a process for preparing formula (I) is 3,5-bis (haloalkyl) - New pyrazole derivative which is derived from formula (IIa) of 3,5-bis (haloalkyl) - pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid derivative with a copper compound and a base at elevated temperature, wherein R1 is selected from H, C1-12- alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, C6-18- aryl, C7- C7-19- 19- arylalkyl or alkylaryl group, CH2CN, CH2CX3, CH2COOH, CH2COO (C1-12) - alkyl, and X independently of one another F, Cl, Br, I; R2 and R3 each other is independently selected from C1-C6- haloalkyl.


The article investigates the essence of banking innovations in Ukraine, identifies their types and defines a special role in the modernization of activities, ensuring the competitiveness and financial stability of banks, as well as in the development of the economy as a whole. Much attention has been paid to the National Bank of Ukraine's innovative supervisory tools, such as: the requirement to form and define each bank's business model for its activities; introduction of a comprehensive supervisory assessment (SREP), which determines the viability of the business model and the sustainability of the bank's development strategy.


GPS/DR integrated system is used commonly in vehicle navigation.The Federated filter is very complex and if the parameters are unsuitable it will lower the navigation precision.This paper present a simple GPS/DR filter that can be used even the GPS receiver lost lock.The DMAP technique,which corrects the results,is used in the system.The test proves that the system is suitable for vehicle navigation.


This paper analyses a mapping Activex(OCX)control-MapX that lets you easily add powerful mapping capabilities to your applications and introduces an easy way of using MapX and object-oriented programming languages to develop Geographic Information System.In this article,the author makes a case study of the Dongli GIS to illustrate how to perform the functions of controlling layers,searching features and changing coordinate system etc.


Ultra-high frequency (UHF) partial discharge (PD) monitoring is an important technique to detect and evaluate the internal insulation state of high-voltage equipment. In practice, multiple insulation defects may exist. As a result, the measured UHF PD signals are probably the mixture from multiple PD sources, making the current single-source-based fault diagnosis methods inapplicable. In this paper, a blind source separation algorithm based on sparse component analysis (SCA) is proposed for the separation of overlapped UHF PD signals. First, the raw signals are mapped to a two-dimensional time-frequency (TF) spectrum by using the short-time Fourier transform (STFT). Second, the peak detection technology and fuzzy clustering technology are adopted to estimate the number of PD sources and the mixing matrix. Finally, the l1-norm decomposition algorithm is applied to reconstruct the TF representations of the source signals, and the recovered source signals in time-domain are obtained by the inverse STFT (ISTFT). Numerical and experimental studies are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


Metasurfaces provide applications for a variety of flat elements and devices due to the ability to modulate light with subwavelength structures. The working principle meanwhile gives rise to the crucial problem and challenge to protect the metasurface from dust or clean the unavoidable contaminants during daily usage. Here, taking advantage of the intelligent bioinspired surfaces which exhibit self‐cleaning properties, a versatile dielectric metasurface benefiting from the obtained superhydrophilic or quasi‐superhydrophobic states is shown. The design is realized by embedding the metasurface inside a large area of wettability supporting structures, which is highly efficient in fabrication, and achieves both optical and wettability functionality at the same time. The superhydrophilic state enables an enhanced optical response with water, while the quasi‐superhydrophobic state imparts the fragile antennas an ability to self‐clean dust contamination. Furthermore, the metasurface can be easily switched and repeated between these two wettability or functional states by appropriate treatments in a repeatable way, without degrading the optical performance. The proposed design strategy will bring new opportunities to smart metasurfaces with improved optical performance, versatility, and physical stability.


In ethics dimension,man's all-round development means the perfection of virtue,the achievement of happiness and the realization of justice.Virtue in moral philosophy shows the state of the humanity development.The perfection of moral personality also means the ideal state of human development.The abundance and development of human needs,the opening of possible life,the development of potential and the realization of value are the three ties between happiness and man's all-round development.Justice is the value pursuit of social development.For the sake of the direct aim,justice focuses on the progress and development of the whole society.While for its ultimate aim,justice focuses on the man's development and perfection of humanity.Interpreting man's all-round development in the ethics dimension is beneficial to carrying out the idea of "people-orientedness" and "promoting man's all-round development".So it can deepen and widen the citizens' moral construction.


This report documents information from archeological investigations at several previously recorded sites in the El Portal Administrative District, Yosemite National Park, California. This work was conducted to provide data necessary for proper management within the guidelines of National Park Service policy and historic preservation laws for cultural resources. Material from both surface and subsurface collections at these sites spans a considerable time range in the chronology of the Yosemite region, from the prehistoric Crane Flat complex (pre-A.D. 500) and protohistoric Mariposa complex (A.D. 1500-1850) to the ethnohistoric Miwok occupation. Cultural deposits exceed 2 m in depth at some of the sites. Artifacts recovered include ground stone, worked bone, and shell, in addition to a large amount of obsidian tools and debitage. This obsidian was obtained from the Great Basin, probably in the form of biface preforms. Small biface thinning flakes and flake fragments make up over 70 percent of the more than 18,000 pieces of debitage recovered and analyzed. A relatively large sample of faunal bone was also recovered, in addition to a small collection of archeobotanical remains. A few human bones were identified, but no intact burials were found. In the upper levels of one of the sites, 4-MRP-250, there was an intact house floor (including hearth and ash pit), associated with stone tools and historic manufactured items, suggesting a late aboriginal settlement around the middle of the 19th century. Analysis and interpretation of the major data classes (chipped and ground stone, bone, botanical remains, pollen, and soils) are presented in the report in the form of appendices. The body of the report provides site specific information and a general discussion of the research potential of the prehistoric remains. Although limited in scope, these preliminary investigations provide valuable information for evaluating the archeology of El Portal and for planning future archeological data recovery in the area.


The ENSGSI (National School of Industrial Engineering) was founded in 1993 and drives this new approach to training engineers. Cooperation with the economic environment is organised around three actions: accompanying industrial change within regional SMEs; proposing actions to accompany the sparking of innovation in major industries as well as in service sectors such as health; structuring the management of complex local government projects. This paper will present how the evolution in industrial and economic demand regarding the question of innovation, as well as the consideration of this in the orientation of a French laboratory's research projects, contributed to reducing the gap between corporate requirements for a new type of engineer and the capacity of engineering schools to meet this demand. We will present the methods used both to design the school and to build our teaching referential which ensures a process of permanent adjustment to market needs.


The paper describes a new hierarchical architecture design of control system of computerized flat knitting machine.In this system, the pattern preparation system based on Windows open architecure programming system can produce knitting command data files automatically via compolling, providing a particular extensible database of patterns. Slave NC control system can fulfill many functions in the process of knitting, including real-time monitoring, breakdown diagnosis, modifying knitting parameters and executing components testing, etc. The new hierarchical architecture makes the master-, and slave-computer function independently, and retains a good human-machine, interface and easy operation, realizing real full-auto intelligent design.


Purpose: Serotonin, a neurotransmitter synthesized from tryptophan, has been proposed to play a key role in central fatigue. In this study, we examined whether tryptophan itself and/or its two metabolites, kynurenic acid (KYNA) and quinolinic acid (QUIN), are involved in central fatigue. Materials and Methods: Experiments were conducted using Sprague-Dawley rats (SDR) and Nagase analbuminemic rats (NAR). Central fatigue was assessed by treadmill running and a Morris water maze test. Microdialysis was used to collect samples for measurement of extracellular concentration of tryptophan, serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and to infuse test agents. To examine the kinetics of release, synaptosomes in the striatum were prepared in vitro to measure intra- and extrasynaptosomal concentration of tryptophan, serotonin and 5-HIAA. Results: The concentration of tryptophan secreted into the extracellular space of the striatum was higher during fatigue only, and quickly returned to basal levels with recovery from fatigue. Running time to exhaustion was reduced by activation of tryptophan receptors. Time to exhaustion was shorter in NAR, which maintain a higher extracellular level of striatum tryptophan than SDR. Impaired memory performance in a water maze task after tryptophan treatment was attributable to high levels of KYNA and QUIN in the hippocampus acting synergistically on N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptors. When branched-chain amino acids were administered, tryptophan transport to the extracellular space of the striatum was drastically inhibited. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that the increase in fatigue which occurs because of excessively elevated brain tryptophan can be further amplified by the use of synthetic KYNA and QUIN.


This paper discusses research conducted to characterize medium voltage power cables PD activity which will be used to develop an on-line monitoring system. Data of the PD characteristics that take place in different models of joints performed on 20 kV XLPE cables are presented. Furthermore, a measurement system that enables the on-line partial-discharge detection and location based on Rogowski coils is discussed and designed.


Isomeric ratios and the momentum distributions of nuclei produced in the fragmentation of a 60AMeV 92Mo beam on a thin 27Al target have been studied. A strong dependence of the isomeric ratio on the structure of the isomer and on the reaction mechanism has been observed for the first time at intermediate energies.


Mt. Sanqingshan Geopark in Jiangxi is famous for its granite peak-forest landforms in the world. Low temperature thermal-chronology is used to analyze the uplifting and denudation process of Mt. Sanqingshan in the paper. The fission track ages can be divided into three groups, which can be related to the uplifting-denudation processes involved in forming ancient multilevel denudation planes. Mt. Sanqingshan underwent four stages of thermal evolution, approximately 90Ma to 60Ma, 60Ma to 40Ma, 40Ma to 15Ma, 15Ma to the present. The corresponding cooling rates are 1.95°C/Ma, 1.17°C/Ma, 0.35°C/Ma, 3.72°C/Ma, with the average cooling rate of 1.81°C/Ma. The last stage is significantly faster than the other three stages, reflecting the faster uplifting of Mt. Sanqingshan under the new tectonic movement. The average uplifting rate in Mt. Sanqingshan is 0.052mm/a, and the average denudation rate is 0.047 mm/a, with the gap of 0.005mm/a. The average uplifting amount is 3500m, denudation 2500m, since the average apatite fission track age 56Ma. The gap is very close to the average elevation in Mt. Sanqingshan. This is the process from the magma emplacement 6km underground to present medium–sized mountain. These features are consistent with geomorphology stages and geological evidences. Thermal-chronology has important constraint for different stages of granite landforms. Mt. Sanqingshan is located in North latitude 28°48'22-29°00'45, East longitude 117°58'20-118°08'28. The total area of the scenic spot is 229.5 km2. Yujing Peak is the highest, whose elevation is 1819.9m. Mt. Sanqingshan is an important tourist attraction in China with perfect combination of granite geology, landscape and ecology, extending in the south-north direction. The terrain height difference is big, whose slopes in the East, South and West are steep and slows down in the north. However, no studies have been conducted on the quantitative processes of the geomorphic evolution in Mt. Sanqingshan, but such studies in Mt. Sanqingshan will enhance the scientific significance of the Geopark. 1. Geological setting Mt. Sanqingshan and the surrounding areas enjoys the Earth evolution history for more than 1 billion years, with almost continuous formations from Proterozoic to Quaternary, except the middle and upper Silurian strata, middle and lower Devonian strata, and the old Tertiary strata (Figure 1). It has experienced major geological events, such as Caledonian movement, Indo-China movement, Yanshan movement and Himalayas movement and changes from sea to land three times. Magmatic rocks have been well developed in the region. From late Jurassic to early Cretaceous, felsic magmatic eruption occurred in the southeast part of the region with the subduction of the Pacific plate, forming calc-alkaline volcanic rocks. In the extensional tectonic environment, massive felsic magma strongly intruded in Early Cretaceous, forming a large area of granite body. The folds and faults structures in the region have been well developed too. Strong and repeated orogenic movements made the cover coat distorted, forming universal angular unconformities. Huangtuling anticlinorium and Huameishan syncline are the major folds in the region. Till Himalayan period the three normal faults (Fenglin-Zihu Fault, Xiaxikeng-Bajiaowu Fault, and Bajiaowu-Fenglin Fault) have been formed, cutting Mt. Sanqingshan granite body into a typical block mountain. In the interior of the granite body,there mainly exist joint groups with three directions (NE, NW and horizontal joints). In addition, Mesozoic intracontinental subduction has 6th International Conference on Information Engineering for Mechanics and Materials (ICIMM 2016) © 2016. The authors Published by Atlantis Press 627 formed super-crust deep faults. Figure 1 Regional geological map of Mt. Sanqingshan


Introduction: Aplasia cutis congenital ( ACC ) is a rare disease with an incidence of 1 in 10,000 births. A mortality rate of 20% has been reported, mainly due to hemorrhage or meningitis in patients with skull involvement. Objective: To report the case of a patient presenting with ACC and to perform a review of literature. Case report: A female patient, born by a cesarean section after a 37 weeks' gestation had an intrauterine diagnosis of ACC by obstetric ultrasound and fetal magnetic resonance imaging. In the first 48 hours after birth, the newborn underwent a surgical procedure in order to repair the cranial defect, evolving with late complications such as cerebrospinal fluid fistula, meningitis and seizures. The child died due to lung sepsis two years later. Conclusion: Aplasia cutis congenita is a rare disease, which can involve only the scalp, but also presenting with absence of part of the skull, what increases the mortality rate due to increased risk of complications like CSF leak, meningoencephalitis and bleeding.


Since the start of 2019, at least 11 states have enacted new laws regulating abortions based on a fetus's gestational age, the detection of a fetal heartbeat, or specified fetal characteristics, such as a diagnosis of Down syndrome. Some of these states have also imposed restrictions on the dilation and evacuation abortion method, the most common surgical abortion method performed during the second trimester of pregnancy. Notably, these 11 states are seeking to curtail the availability of abortion notwithstanding case law from various federal appellate courts that invalidated similar state laws in the past. This flurry of legislative activity may be motivated in part to have the Supreme Court reconsider its past abortion decisions. As the state's governor recently remarked upon signing the Alabama Human Life Protection Act, "it is time, once again, for the U.S. Supreme Court to revisit this important matter[.]" While it remains to be seen whether the Supreme Court will take up this invitation, this Sidebar reviews the newly enacted state laws, discusses how courts have examined similar abortion regulations in the past, and addresses the implications of this changing legislative landscape for Congress.


The design and characterization of a CMOS 64×64 single-photon avalanche-diode (SPAD) array with in-pixel 11b time-to-digital converter (TDC) is presented. It is targeted for time-resolved imaging, in particular 3D imaging. The achieved pixel pitch is 64μm with a fill factor of 3.5%. The chip was fabricated in a 0.18μm standard CMOS technology and implements a double functionality: Time-of-Flight estimation and photon counting. The imager features a programmable time resolution for the array of TDCs from 625ps down to 145ps. The measured accuracy of the minimum time bin is lower than ±1LSB DNL and 1.7LSB INL. The TDC jitter over the full dynamic range is less than 1LSB. Die-to-die process variation and temperature are discarded by auto-calibration. Fast quenching/restore circuit on each pixel lowers the power consumption by limiting the avalanche currents. Time gatedoperation is possible as well.


According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA), "Anxiety disorders are the most common mental illness in the U.S., affecting 40 million adults in the United States age 18 and older, or 18.1% of the population every year."Although anxiety and depression are separate conditions, many people who suffer with depression also have anxiety or vice versa. The ADAA states, "Nearly one-half of those diagnosed with depression are also diagnosed with an anxiety disorder." A Psychology Today article also points out the fact that researchers and doctors have been shifting toward a new conclusion about the disorders, stating, "Depression and anxiety are not two disorders that coexist. They are two faces of one disorder."


The author describes a method for improving standard "exact" confidence intervals in discrete distributions with respect to size while retaining correct level. The binomial, negative binomial, hypergeometric, and Poisson distributions are considered explicitly. Contrary to other existing methods, the author's solution possesses a natural nesting condition: if α < α', the 1 ‐ α' confidence interval is included in the 1 ‐ α interval. Nonparametric confidence intervals for a quantile are also considered.


The paper documents various pedestrian delay measures to enhance the existing HCM pedestrian delay model. In particular, the models take into account the effect of signal phasing and pedestrian treatment alternatives under various geometric and signal control scenarios. A primary objective of multi-model transportation systems is to minimize delays for all roadway users, including motor vehicles, bicyclists, and pedestrians. While analytical procedures are available in the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) for analyzing pedestrian delays and levels of service, the pedestrian delay model for signalized intersections has several limitations. The paper introduces a set of models for calculating pedestrian delays at signalized intersections. The models take into consideration various signal phasing and pedestrian treatment scenarios, especially under a two-stage crossing situation. A case study was conducted to demonstrate the applications of the models and the effects of different pedestrian treatments at signalized intersections. The analysis showed that specially designed signal phasing and pedestrian treatments are able to reduce the delays for both pedestrians and vehicles. The proposed two-stage crossing phasing design not only shortens the crossing distance and time for the related vehicle phases, but also significantly reduces pedestrian delays by using innovative overlap phases.


Circulating troponin is an important measure of risk in patients with heart failure, but it has not been used to determine if disease severity influences the responses to drug treatments in randomized controlled trials.


Hetherto,there is not a comprehensive,systemic and measurable criterion for diagnosing crush syndrome in forensic practice,which has become one of the key subjects in forensic medicine. This ar-ticle reviews the concept,pathophysiology,damages to vital organs and related manifestations in crush syn-drome,which may provide some insights into further studies.


medis berupa fasa ɣ -Co yang berstruktur FCC. seringkali fasa metastabil Co 7 Mo 6 muncul. Munculnya fasa Co 7 Mo 6 ini akan menurunkan komposisi dari fasa ɣ -Co. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis fasa ɣ -Co tanpa diikuti munculnya fasa Co 7 Mo 6 menggunakan kombinasi homogenisasi 1200 o C dan hot rolling yang dilanjutkan dengan pendinginan. Paduan yang digunakan adalah ingot Co 26 Cr 6 Mo 0.18 N. Pendinginan dilakukan dengan tiga variasi yaitu menggunakan air dingin, air dan udara. Transformasi ABSTRACT Co-Cr-Mo alloy is a material that widely used for bioimplant in the medical field due to its corrosion resistance and mechanical properties . Structurally, recommended Co-Cr-Mo alloys for medical applications are ɣ-Co phase which has an FCC structure . But, Co 7 Mo 6 metastable phase often occurs after its synthesis . The formation of Co 7 Mo 6 phase will decrease the composition of ɣ-Co phase . This study aimed to synthesize ɣ-Co phase without following the appearance of Co 7 Mo 6 phase using a combination of 1200 o C homogenization and hot rolling followed by cooling treatment . The alloy used was Co 26 Cr 6 Mo 0.18 N ingot . Cooling treatments were done using the variation of cold water, water and air . The transformation of the crystal structure from the primitive cubic to the FCC occurs during water and air cooling treatments which means that ɣ-Co phase is successfully formed by those cooling treatments . However, Co 7 Mo 6 phase is still formed on the water cooling treatment while none of Co 7 Mo 6 occurred on the air cooling treatment . Structurally, air cooling treatment produces most stable ɣ-Co phase than the others . However, brittle ɛ-Co phase as a partial dislocation is formed after air cooling treatment due to imperfection of hot rolling treatment.


Bioequivalence studies are the pivotal clinical trials submitted to regulatory agencies to support the marketing applications of generic drug products. Average bioequivalence (ABE) is used to determine whether the mean values for the pharmacokinetic measures determined after administration of the test and reference products are comparable. Two‐stage 2×2 crossover adaptive designs (TSDs) are becoming increasingly popular because they allow making assumptions on the clinically meaningful treatment effect and a reliable guess for the unknown within‐subject variability. At an interim look, if ABE is not declared with an initial sample size, they allow to increase it depending on the estimated variability and to enroll additional subjects at a second stage, or to stop for futility in case of poor likelihood of bioequivalence. This is crucial because both parameters must clearly be prespecified in protocols, and the strategy agreed with regulatory agencies in advance with emphasis on controlling the overall type I error.


Aim: This study aims to evaluate the effect of Platelet Rich Fibrin combined with Nano crystalline Hydroxy appatite bone graft on grade II mandibular furcation involvement. Subjects and methods: Thirty patients having grade II mandibular furcation defects, with vertical probing depth (VPD) ≥5mm and horizontal clinical attachment level (HCAL) ≥3mm. Following phase I therapy were classified into two groups, group1 received NcHA bone graft and group 2 received NcHA+PRF. Clinical and radiographic parameters were recorded at baseline, 6 and 12 months postoperatively.  Results: Both treatment groups showed a significant probing pocket depth (PPD) reduction, clinical attachment gain, increase bone density 12‑months after surgery compared with baseline. However, there was a highly significant PPD reduction and clinical attachment gain when PRF was added to NcHA. Conclusion: The NcHA bone graft in combination with PRF demonstrated clinical advantages beyond that achieved by the NcHA alone.


The authors studied changes in the numbers of three species of wader (Black-tailed and Bar-tailed Godwits and Knot) in the Mont Saint-Michel Bay during and between years. The Bay is mainly a wintering area for these species, also a moult site for the Black-tailed Godwit. However, there has been a net decrease in over-wintering numbers since 1980. The authors also look at spacial distribution of these species and show the importance of the presence of roost sites close of feeding sites sites rich in macrofauna for the winter site


This paper discusses how the rapid urbanization and industrialization of urban areas around the world, especially in India, have dramatically increased the number of vehicles on the road and increased traffic congestion. This increase in traffic congestion has increased traffic delays, energy consumption, environmental pollution and vehicle operating costs (VOC). This paper develops a methodology for two-way coordination of pre-timed signals for 3, 4, and 5 arm intersections that takes into account factors for signal settings. The methodology attempts to gain information on green time and phase sequence based on key factors such as space-mean speed and link distanced between two intersections. In order to solve the two-way traffic signal coordination problem, a phase sequence is altered.


Roads of Destiny is regarded as the most unique one of O. Henry's works. The reason lies in its unique narrative strategies. The ingenious application of the two artistic methods of the classic "O. Henry Ending" and the novel "polyphonic narrative" in this work not only breaks O. Henry's conventional narrative method, but also fully shows the artistic charm of polyphony and the artistic tension of O. Henry. More importantly, the combination of the two provides multiple perspectives for examining the protagonist's fate, thus arousing the readers' multidimensional and dialectical thinking on destiny, which achieved sublimation from structural aesthetics to philosophy.


The olfactory epithelium of cavefish, Sinocyclocheilus jii and S. furcodorsalis were studied on a scanning electron microscope. Twenty six lamellae are in the rosette of S. jii and twenty four lamellae in S. furcodorsalis. The olfactory epithelium of S. jii visualizes two types of receptor cells (i) Ciliated sensory with microvillus (ii) Ciliated non-sensory cells. Rod cells and chloride cells were recognized in the olfactory epithelium of S. furcodorsalis, also having receptor cells of two types, ciliated sensory with microvillus and ciliated non-sensory cells in the form of patches. Supporting cells, rod cells, chloride cells, and blood cells were frequently occurring. On the surface of the olfactory lamellae cells correlate with the functional significance of the fish concerned.


ABSTRACT

The objectives of this research are to find out: (i)students' learning achievements at schools of accredited A and B. (ii) students' perceptions on EFL teachers in teaching English in terms of pedagogic and professional competence at schools of accredited A and B.(iii) the influence of simultaneous competencies to their learning achievement. (iv) the influence of pedagogic competence towards students' learning achievement. (v) the influence of professional competence towards students' learning achievement.
The design of this research was descriptive quantitative research. The population of this research was students of second and third grade student at Makassar state senior high schools who registered in academic year 2016/2017. The sample was 780 students which were selected by applying simple random sampling technique from 9 state senior high schools in Makassar. The data were collected by using questionnaire and achievement test. The data were analyzed by applying descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. For the first and second hypothesis were using Independent Samples Test and the third hypothesis was using Double Linear Regression to find out the influence of students' perceptions on English teachers' competencies toward their English learning achievement results.
The research revealed that (i) students' learning achievement was significant differences between schools of accredited A and B at Makassar state senior high schools, (ii) students' perception on teachers' pedagogic and professional competences were no significant differences between schools of accredited A and Bat Makassar state senior high schools, (iii) simultaneous competences had positive influence toward students' learning achievement results, and (iv) pedagogic competences had positive influence towards students' learning achievement results, and (v) professional competences had negative influence towards students' learning achievement results.


INFN—Sezione di Milano, Milan, Italy.Abstract – We propose in detail Antennas for generating Non-Diffracting Beams ofMicrowaves, for instance with frequencies of the order of 10 GHz, obtaining fair resultseven when having recourse to realistic apertures endowed with reasonable diameters. Ourfirst proposal refers mainly to sets of suitable annular slits, having in mind various possibleapplications, including remote sensing. Our second proposal —which constitutes one ofthe main aims of this paper— refers to the alternative, rather simple, use of a ParabolicReflector, illuminated by a spherical wave source located on the paraboloid axis butslightly displaced with respect to the Focus of the Paraboloid. Such a parabolic reflectoryields extended focus (non-diffracting) beams. [OCIS codes: 999.9999; 070.7545; 050.1120;280.0280; 050.1755; 070.0070; 200.0200. Keywords: Non-Diffracting Waves; Microwaves;Remote sensing; Annular Arrays; Bessel beams; Extended focus; Reflecting paraboloids;Parabolic reflectors; Parabolic antennas].


We provide a superspace description of N = 2 supersymmetric Calogero models associated with the classical 𝐴 𝑛 , 𝐵 𝑛 , 𝐶 𝑛 and 𝐷 𝑛 Lie algebras and their hyperbolic/trigonometric versions. These models are described by 𝑛 bosonic and 2 𝑛 ( 𝑛 − 1 ) fermionic N = 2 superfields, the latter being subject to a nonlinear chirality constraint. This constraint has a universal form valid for all Calogero models and guarantees an existence of more general supercharges (and a superspace Lagrangian), which provide the N = 2 supersymmetrization for bosonic potentials with arbitrary repulsive pairwise interactions.


The term "Massive Open Distance Learning" was coined by George Siemens in 2008. The process of learning in such courses is the process of creating a network whose nodes are external entities (people, organizations, libraries, websites, books, magazines, databases, or any other source of information). The act of learning consists in the creation of an external network of nodes.In recent years there have been several dozens of open online courses, which have been called cMOOS ( massive open online courses) and are based on a new approach, which has been called connectivism.


The invention relates to a drill rod structure with a high-station structure, and a manufacturing method. The drill rod structure comprises a drill rod pipe body, a male joint and a female joint; the female joint and the high-station structure are integrally processed, the high-station structure consists of a cylinder in the middle and transition cones at two sides, the taper of the two cones are respectively 18 degrees and 35 degrees; the ratio of the outer diameter of the cylinder in the middle of the high-station structure to the outer diameter of each drill rod joint is 85-95%. According to the drill rod structure, by changing the structure of a standard drill rod, the station, using a hydraulic power tong, of a drilling worker is ascended to the height adaptive to a human body when the drill rod is used for performing fastening and unfastening rotation-connecting operations at a well head, and the fastening and unfastening operation efficiency can be enhanced by improving the operation comfortableness; in addition, the meshing damage of an old type cone chuck to a pipe body in meshing and clamping can be eliminated by matching a pneumatic type cone-free slips for use.


It is shown that for inhomogeneous Lie algebras with only one Casimir operator, the latter can be explicitly constructed from the Maurer–Cartan equations by means of wedge products. It is further proved that this constraint imposes sharp bounds for the dimension of the representation R defining the semidirect product. The procedure is generalized to compute also the rational invariant of some Lie algebras.


The electrostatic protection device in accordance with the present invention is the electrostatic protection device for protecting a plurality of electronic elements electrically connected in series against static electricity, the device comprising a plurality of first electrostatic protection elements having a current-voltage nonlinear resistance characteristic, a plurality of second electrostatic protection elements having a current-voltage nonlinear resistance characteristic, and a ground terminal for electrically connecting with a ground. The plurality of first electrostatic protection elements are electrically connected in parallel to the respective electronic elements, while the plurality of second electrostatic protection elements are electrically connected between input terminals of the respective electronic elements and the ground terminal.


The dynamics of the development and change of spatial pattern of Japanese steal industry embodied the laws of industry development and change of its spatial organization, and is resulted from the interaction among different location factors and their change. This paper analyzes the impact factors of Japanese steal industry which include market demand, supply of raw materials, technological change, market segmentation behavior of enterprises, industrial policy, regional policy and other micro-locational conditions, reveals the mechanism of Japanese steal industry development and spatial pattern evolution , and put forward some suggestions about Chinese steal industry development and spatial restructuring.


This research is concerned with theoretical and methodological aspects of geographic information transformation between different user contexts. In this dissertation I present theories and methodol ...


In this paper, adaptive packet decoding in the form of code combining is applied in a certain wireless multiservice CDMA environment. Both voice and packet switched data are considered. The data services employ a slotted ALOHA-type of code division random access protocol. Concerning the channel and modulation, Nakagami fading takes place on BPSK, or on DBPSK modulated data. An analytically tractable and simple model based on the D and R/sub 0/ parameters is employed on the many to one link i.e. the reverse link in a wireless environment. Both queueing delay and channel delay analysis on data terminals are presented. It is shown that this system offers a high flexibility in accommodating multiple services with different traffic requirements.<<ETX>>


Availability of more and more DNA sequences in the biological databases their size is exponentially growing and it is very hard to maintain and process such data in intra and internetworking systems. Hence need of compression is playing a predominant role in the real vogue. In this connection many algorithms are arrived but some of them achieved bountiful and others are not due to specificity of text encoded in a DNA. Performance analysis is developed based on repetitive and non repetitive sequences of bases in DNA. Existing algorithms may run in Best case if the sequence may contains tandem repeats and compression ratios are computed in terms of bits per bases. Our proposed SBC (splinter Binary compression) technique is developed based on the comparative study of existing techniques and it achieves one of best compression ratios in an average of 1.142 bits/bases which is on par existing techniques. In addition to if we can apply of our technique on both repetitive and non repetitive sequences of genomes also it may give same compression rate in an average in all the cases Definitely our one will become one of the lossless in valuable technique in bio informatics era.


Since 1998,Zhejiang higher education realized the stepping-over development,the school running scale unceasingly expands,managerial condition improvement.Until 2009,The ordinary college recruit students achieve 26.14 million in the province,internal students achieve 86.65 million,gross enrollment rate of higher education as high as 43 per cent.This article through the analysis of Zhejiang higher education fast development status to reveal the inspiration behind the rapid development of Zhejiang higher education.


This paper introduces a strong and controversial point of view, which we believe may help foster debate about a number of fundamental high-level issues currently affecting the financial industry. The Capco Institute is open to controversial ideas. The Journal of Financial Transformation will occasionally publish thought-provoking papers with a view at stimulating debate. Credit risk is as fundamental to banking as wheels are to a bicycle. Banks have been in the business of lending and managing the resulting credit risk since their inception. However, despite its centrality to core banking, it has presented some of the greatest challenges to banks. The credit crisis of 2008 reinforced the fact that it is the most critical risk facing many banks, and inadequate credit risk management has led to the closure of hundreds of financial institutions. But in many ways it is often the least understood risk. Identity used to be visual and bankers knew the people they lent to and could assess their credit-worthiness intimately. As identity migrated from visual to digital, bankers had to rely on numeric profiles and statistics to determine credit-worthiness – hardly the realm of customer intimacy. While such data might support portfolio analytics, they do not provide adequate insight into individual borrowers and the risk of lending to them. Consequently, executives at financial institutions have, at times, only a basic picture of the credit risk facing their organizations and the potential problems germinating in their portfolios. Credit risk reporting is the basic mechanism through which a bank gets a view of its overall exposures, and is able to identify hotspots and flashpoints, be they instrument-specific, borrower-category-specific, or geographyspecific. Credit risk reporting is also a critical tool for a bank to have proactive credit risk management and informed risk taking. Consequently, poor credit risk reporting can result in huge bottom-line impacts. In our experience most large financial institutions have credit risk reporting and analysis capabilities that are not commensurate with their importance to the organization. However, most banks don't even realize their reporting is poor. This is because the credit risk reporting they receive changes little, while their institutions have expanded and the complexity of their portfolios and instruments has grown exponentially. Here are the top 10 shortcomings in credit risk reporting. If a bank is experiencing any of these problems with credit risk reporting and analysis, there is likely to be a strong business case to be made for updating the institution's capabilities to address them before they manifest themselves in the form of more severe issues and losses.


In this study, we obtain one-Lee weight codes over a class of nonchain rings and study their structures.
We give an explicit construction for one-Lee weight codes. A method to derive more one-Lee weight codes from given a one-Lee weight code is also represented. By defining and making use of a distance-preserving Gray map, we get a family of optimal one-Hamming weight codes over finite fields.


In this paper we study the quantum phase transition between the insulating and the globally coherent superfluid phases in the Bose-Hubbard model with T_3 structure, the "dice lattice". Even in the absence of any frustration the superfluid phase is characterized by modulation of the order parameter on the different sublattices of the T_3 structure. The zero-temperature critical point as a function of a magnetic field shows the characteristic "butterfly" form. At fully frustration the superfluid region is strongly suppressed. In addition, due to the existence of the Aharonov-Bohm cages at f=1/2, we find evidence for the existence of an intermediate insulating phase characterized by a zero superfluid stiffness but finite compressibility. In this intermediate phase bosons are localized due to the external frustration and the topology of the T_3 lattice. We name this new phase the Aharonov-Bohm (AB) insulator. In the presence of charge frustration the phase diagram acquires the typical lobe-structure. The form and hierarchy of the Mott insulating states with fractional fillings, is dictated by the particular topology of the T_3 lattice. The results presented in this paper were obtained by a variety of analytical methods: mean-field and variational techniques to approach the phase boundary from the superconducting side, and a strongly coupled expansion appropriate for the Mott insulating region. In addition we performed Quantum Monte Carlo simulations of the corresponding (2+1)D XY model to corroborate the analytical calculations with a more accurate quantitative analysis. We finally discuss experimental realization of the T_3 lattice both with optical lattices and with Josephson junction arrays.


Waqf increasingly influenced and shaped numerous infrastructural aspects in cities in the Islamic world as well as in the daily lives of individuals living in the cities from the early Islamic centuries up through the medieval period to modern and contemporary times. A closer look at several large endowments established by influential personalities in cities within the Islamic world brings to light the huge impact that waqf foundations played in the urban infrastructure. Widely recognized for its indispensable role in creating and maintaining multi-layered infrastructural aspects in the Islamic city, the waqf foundations also occupied an important place in rural areas for reasons similar to the waqf's existence in the city. On an empirical and analytical level, the study of waqf foundation documents yields an intimate window into the daily practices of endowments in the Islamic city and the ways by which individuals used them for personal or public objectives. Keywords: City; Islamic world; urban infrastructure; Waqf


A stress sensitivity model for the permeability of porous media based on bidispersed fractal theory is established, considering the change of the flow path, the fractal geometry approach and the mechanics of porous media. It is noted that the two fractal parameters of the porous media construction perform differently when the stress changes. The tortuosity fractal dimension of solid cluster DcTσ become bigger with an increase of stress. However, the pore fractal dimension of solid cluster Dcfσ and capillary bundle Dpfσ remains the same with an increase of stress. The definition of normalized permeability is introduced for the analyzation of the impacts of stress sensitivity on permeability. The normalized permeability is related to solid cluster tortuosity dimension, pore fractal dimension, solid cluster maximum diameter, Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio. Every parameter has clear physical meaning without the use of empirical constants. Predictions of permeability of the model is accordant with the obtained experimental data. Thus, the proposed model can precisely depict the flow of fluid in porous media under stress.


The reflect array technique is a well known for more than thirty years. In 1970,Thomson-CSF / Airsys developed an experimental C band radar named « LOUXOR » with a reflect array antenna. In the past, this technique was used and some limitations were pointed out such as technical difficulties, spurious due to the specular reflection, connections complexity and cost. This paper presents a new technology to produce low cost antennas with a two dimensional electronic scanning and with good performances. This technology is based on the use of the same substrate for the antenna array and for the support of the control and command circuits. The weight, thickness and price are significantly reduced in comparison to other solutions such as active (or partially active) antennas, electronic scanning lens,... The paper presents the different characteristics of this new technique and the outlook concerning the technology and its use.


One of the recent concerns of reservoir eutrophication issues focuses on a fast assessment of the non-point sources pollution impact that frequently requires first evaluating the land use patterns in the watershed area. This information is useful for estimating the non-point source loads, assessing the proper uses of natural resources in the watershed, and generating the essential control strategies when required. To achieve this goal, the state-of-the-art 3S information technologies by properly integrating the skills of geographic information system (GIS), global positioning system (GPS) and remote sensing (RS), is viewed as an integrated means for reservoir land use assessment and watershed management. Substantial efforts of this study are then placed upon identifying seven types of land use patterns in the watershed of the Tseng-Wen Reservoir in Southern Taiwan, which would assist in the required estimation of non-point sources pollution impact directly. With the aid of SPOT satellite images, Erdas Imagine image processing system and ArcView GIS, the numerical model based on the export coefficient method yields an estimation of non-point source loads on a yearly basis with respect to four target constituents. These constituents of interest consist of total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and total suspended solid (TSS). The analysis of assimilative capacity of the Tseng-Wen Reservoir based on various types of numerical models is also included for the evaluation of the eutrophication issue. Advanced management strategies with regard to the proper use of assimilative capacity of the Tseng-Wen Reservoir and the land resources in the watershed are then discussed in terms of three classified impact levels of non-point sources in the watershed. The methodology is proved practical, promising and effective for assessing the eutrophication issue in the reservoir watershed within a short period of time.


Financial audit expresses, as its main aim, an opinion on the extent to which the financial statements present a true and fair view of the entity's economic affairs at the balance sheet date and the results for the year ended, in compliance with the laws in force and practices in the country where the entity is established. To achieve this objective, the audit process requires an examination management and methodology to ensure an independent opinion, so as to equally protect all the users of the accounting information: shareholders / partners, state, employees, banks, debtors, customers, suppliers etc.


Learning mathematics in elementary school should be oriented to the creation of activities that encourage the acquisition of an understanding of mathematical concepts more profound by the students. Based on observations and interviews conducted in SDN Sukosari 01 Bondowoso, it is known that teachers have many students actively involved in learning. The lack of use of methods or models of innovative learning in every learning math become one of the causes of low student learning activities that adversely affects the learning results. To overcome these problems is used Realistic Mathematics Approach (PMR) to enhance the activity and student learning outcomes. The purpose of this study is to describe the application of PMR on the subject of addition and subtraction of fractions to increase the activity and student learning outcomes in class V SDN Sukosari 01 Bondowoso at 2016/2017. This type of research is the Classroom Action Research conducted as many as two cycles and each cycle consisting of 2 meetings and 4 stages, including planning, implementation, observation and reflection. Data collection methods used in this research is observation, interviews, tests, questionnaires and documentation. Based on the analysis, the average percentage of students in the classical learning activities in the first cycle increased from 62.92% to 77.42%. In the second cycle, the average student learning outcomes also increased from 65.11 into 75.54. Based on these results, it can be seen that the implementation of PMR can increase the activity and student learning outcomes.


Can managers have an impact on their flrm that goes beyond their direct actions and decisions? This paper shows that a manager with strong beliefs about the right course of action will attract, through sorting in the labor market, employees with similar beliefs. This alignment of beliefs gives direction to the flrm and has important implications for incentives and coordination. The paper then deflnes vision, in accordance with the management literature, as a strong belief about the right course of action, and shows that it may be optimal to hire managers with such strong beliefs. Vision will be most important when uncertainty is high and actions are di‐cult to contract on.


Abstract. One hundred and four Belgian Blue double-muscled calves were divided into four groups to examine the effects of different milk replacer (MR) programs. Calves in treatment group 1 received a MR diet reconstituted at 125 g/l, fed at 10 % of their initial live weight in two meals daily. Weaning occurred abruptly at a concentrate intake of 0.5 kg/d. Treatment 2 was similar to treatment 1, except that weaning occurred at a concentrate intake of 0.75 kg/d. Treatment 3 was similar to treatment 2, except that MR was fed once daily at 5 % of initial body weight from a concentrate intake of 0.5 kg/d onwards. Treatment 4 was similar to treatment 3, except that MR at a concentration of 200 g/l was fed once daily from the third week until a concentrate intake of 0.5 kg/d. Similar concentrates and grass hay were fed. Pre-weaning gain averaged 0.51, 0.57, 0.56 and 0.53 kg/d, respectively (P


Simple Summary The tea leafhopper (Empoasca onukii Matsuda) is currently one of the most threatening pests in tea gardens in China. To locate and count tea leafhopper eggs, stereomicroscopy is a conventional method by dissecting the tender tissues, which is both time- and labor-consuming. The scarcity of a verified method to directly observe and investigate intact eggs within tea shoots impedes the research efforts to test the oviposition behavior of E. onukii. Herein, comparing against the stereomicroscope detection method (SMDM), we evaluated the blue light detection method (BLDM), a technique recently developed for other species in detecting E. onukii eggs directly and non-destructively within the tender shoot for four tea cultivars. The conclusion indicated that BLDM could correctly measure the egg laying quantity of E. onukii on intact tea shoots, and its accuracy was not affected by both tea cultivars and egg density in the tender shoot. Furthermore, the biological characteristics concerning the oviposition behaviors that have rarely been reported previously for E. onukii were investigated using the BLDM. Our findings provide insights for the basic research and theoretical evidence, and allow the follow-up studies for the strategy and mechanism associated with the egg laying behavior of E. onukii. Abstract Tea leafhopper (Empoasca onukii Matsuda) is amongst the key pests in tea plantations around the East Asian region. Stereomicroscopy is a conventional method used for detecting tea leafhopper eggs by dissecting the tender tissues. However, there is a need for a faster and more efficient method to directly observe and investigate intact eggs within tea shoots. The absence of a proven method limits research efforts for determining the oviposition behavior of E. onukii. Herein, we applied the blue light detection method (BLDM), a technique recently developed for other species, in order to detect E. onukii eggs directly and non-destructively within the tender shoot. In addition, we compared BLDM against the traditional stereomicroscope detection method (SMDM) for four tea cultivars. Notably, our results revealed that BLDM was precise and effective in measuring the egg laying quantity of E. onukii on intact tea shoots. Neither tea cultivars nor egg density in the tender shoot significantly affected the accuracy of BLDM. Furthermore, biological characteristics that have rarely been reported previously for E. onukii were investigated using the BLDM, including zygote duration, ovipositional rhythm, egg distribution within the tender shoot, and in different leaf positions, numbers of eggs laid by a single female daily, and laid by the entire generation. Therefore, these findings provide insights into the basic and theoretical evidence for the strategy and mechanism associated with the oviposition behavior of E. onukii.


This conference interpretation is the interpretation of the discussion on the phenomena taking place in the South China Sea. In this paper, the author uses an authentic corpus from transcripts of a conference on ocean security. There are five levels of compression on conference interpreting. They are syllabic compression, lexical compression, syntactic compression, semantic compression and situational compression. In this paper, in syllabic compression, the author aims to compress the syllables of words and phrases. In lexical compression, the author compresses unnecessary expressions of words and phrases. In syntactic compression, the author compresses sentences and phrases syntactically to make the text structure more concise. In semantic compression, the author compresses repeated expressions. In situational compression, the author compresses unnecessary expressions in the speech.


Through the village-level empirical study, this paper finds that on the national level, poverty is still the important factor affecting farmers to join in the new rural cooperative medical care. The government's investment in the NRCMS has a significant effect on people to join in NRCMS. Farmers' education -level and the average life span per year are significant factors. For the stability and continuity of the NRCMS, this paper proposes to input more money in the NRCMS, to strengthen rural basic education and adult vocational education, and to improve the peasant's income. Key words: New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme, Participation Rate, Factors Affecting, Empirical Analysis


Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt (TIPSS) is a new non-operative treatment of portal hypertension. The technique is based on the transjugular introduction of an expandable vascular s


Social media sites such as Twitter, Facebook, Tumblretc, are vastly popular among the general population. People post updates, tweets etc., and almost 75% of the times, these posts are a combination of emotions. The idea is to analyze suicidal-depression tendencies in adults with traumatizing experiences or socio-economic difficulties. This makes the overall analysis of sentiments especially extremely complex, which we aim to resolve here in this project by breaking down all the sentences into individual words, and along with emoticons and hashtags, converting each one of them into tokens, and then applying deep learning algorithms on the same, to accurately determine the sentiments of given messages. The objective of the project undertaken is to determine the suicidal- sentiment of various depressed individuals, and how likely is it that they are inclined to commit suicide on the basis of their tweets.


At present,acid rain has aroused great concerns of people,but little previous research has been completed on regime shift of acid rain type.Based on the content of SO42-,NO3-and SO24-/NO3-in the rain of Shanghai,the regime shifts of acid rain type from 1991 to 2006,were studied by adopting the STARS(sequential t-test analysis of regime shifts).There were two regimes of the SO42-content;one shift happened in 2004.Before the shift,it was 12.670mg/L on average;after that,it decreased sharply to 6.525mg/L.Whereas,there were three regimes,two shifts,of the NO3-content.Before the first regime shift in 1996,it was 1.842mg/L on average,after that,it increased to 2.622mg/L on average till the second shift in 2005,then it decreased again to below 2.000mg/L on average.Similar to the regime of NO3-content,there were also three regimes of SO24-/NO3-,shift twice.Before the first shift in 1995,SO42-/NO3-was 7.316;after that,it decreased to 5.666 till the second shift in 2000,then it decreased further to 3.635on average.These indicated that during 1991~2006in area of Shanghai,the contribution of NO3-to acid rain increased,while the contribution of SO42-to acid rain decreased.The acid rain types were turning from sulfuric acid rain to sulfuric and nitric acid rain complex type,approaching the nitric acid rain type.Altogether,there were 5 regime shifts of acid rain type during 1991~2006 in area of Shanghai.The regime shift indices(RSI)were 0.826,0.260,0.959,1.378and 0.066in 1995,1996,2000,2004 and 2005,accordingly.


: The goal of the current study was to explore notions of masculinity and their linkages to HIV/AIDS among Owambo men and women in Namibia, where an estimated one- fi fth of 15– 49 year-olds have acquired HIV. Thirteen open-ended interviews and three focus groups were conducted with 50 male and female participants aged 19–50 in rural and urban Namibia. Qualitative analysis revealed six central themes: the evolving meanings of masculinity, power dynamics between men and women, women as active agents, the tension between formal and informal educa- tion and HIV transmission, alcohol and masculinity, and the blending of masculinity and explanations of HIV and AIDS. The fi ndings suggest both direct and indirect linkages between notions of masculinity and AIDS, and highlight the need for prevention efforts that focus on providing alternative avenues for attaining culturally recognized markers of masculinity. Résumé: direc- tos e indirectos entre las nociones de masculinidad y el sida y señalan que es necesaria la preven-ción enfocada en ofrecer vías alternativas para alcanzar marcadores culturalmente reconocidos de la masculinidad.


ABSTRACT Corruption is still common in Indonesia. The existence of permissive culture in Indonesian society has caused corruption to continue to flourish and difficult to eradicate. Many cases of corruption have been brought to trial, but it is still unable reduce the level of corruption. Permissive culture (or also known as permissivism) is still often encountered in everyday life, such as granting bribes for administration, from office to religious affairs, such as marriage. The development of this permissive culture is due to the advancement of the times and the increasing lifestyle of hedonism in society which result in the community being consumptive. Unwittingly, the permissive culture has permitted corrupt behavior to occur. Corruption is an act that cannot be justified in any aspect. Corruption is detrimental to the State's finances which has an impact on the waiver of public interest. In addition, corruption also has a negative impact on various fields. So, corruption is an unforgivable act. Therefore, it is necessary to revitalize social sanction in combating the culture of corruption. Indonesia, as a legal laboratory, has various kinds of customary law. Customary law in Indonesia has traditional religious characteristics that use religious and cultural approaches. Some areas in Indonesia that still uphold the value of religion and customs can be used as a foundation to eradicate permissivism of corrupt behavior. In religion and custom there are social sanctions that can cause the feelings of shame for the perpetrators of corruption. Such social sanctions include exclusion, expulsion from a territory, or even the removal of a customary title. The revitalization of social sanctions could be part of a strategy for eradicating corruption in Indonesia.


The 27th of January 1941 was a memorable day in the bizarre history of the Amsterdam International Institute of Social History during the German occupation. Within the scope of activity of his "Office for the Occupied Territories", NSDAP Reichsleiter Alfred Rosenberg placed the Lieutenant-Commander and Nazi publisher Eberhard Kautter "in charge" of the IISH: "It is your duty to be responsible for the organizational supervision and the deployment of those staff members who qualify for the utilization of the institute. Your mission is to be carried out in agreement with the head of the Netherlands work group of the task force from my office, Oberbereichsleiter Schirmer." On the same day, the bustling chief of the self-named Einsatzstab (task force), in his function as "Commissioner of the Führer for the Supervision of all Mental and Ideological Training and Education", approached Robert Ley, the Reichsorganisationsleiter of the NSDAP and head of the Deutsche Arbeitsfront (DAF – German Labor Front). He had a letter sent to him that Eberhard Kautter had drafted already in early January and had obviously withheld until Kautter had been named to the post of IISH administrator. Rosenberg reminded Ley that, in a decree from 29 January 1940, Hitler had entrusted him with all of the preparations for the establishment of a Hohe Schule (Supreme School), that was to be the "central site of National Socialist research, instruction and education". Thus, he was "setting up a number of branch institutes of the Supreme School". Among these was an "academy", the task of which would be to work out the close connection between the "National Socialist Weltanschauung" and the "practical way of structuring life" both for the present and the future. Now he was contacting him, since Ley was also interested in "the relationship between Weltanschauung and social structuring" in his function as Reichsleiter of the DAF and had certainly run up against similar problems within the scope of the extensive "economic-statistical work" of his office.


Comportamento dei consumatori nell'acquisto di prodotti ittici. Innovazioni biotech e percorsi di scelta (di Giuseppe De Blasi, Claudio Acciani, Annalisa De Boni, Rocco Roma) - ABSTRACT: Consumer behaviours in fish purchases. Biotech innovations and choosing models Consumer behaviour in purchasing of aquaculture and fishery products were studied, evaluating consumer awareness about quality and traceability of products, food safety and security, breeding system and animal welfare. The former aim was to estimate consumers competences about biotechnology and ogm in fishery products, testing a selected apulian sample, extracted according to social and economical aspects, answering to an appropriate questionnaire, preliminary defined by focus groups with fishery and aquaculture sector operators. Different knowledge levels, together with socio-economic characteristics (age, income, level of education, etc.) affected consumers choices and influenced their willingness to pay (WTP) for ogm free products. Multiparametrical analysis, such as linear regression, was applied in order to detect the effects of the different independent variables on wtp. A higher wtp resulted from family income level and from a practice of biological products purchases. On the contrary the number of family members and the attitude of outdoors meals consumptions, were negatively related to wtp. The same samples has been submited to decision analysis by algorithm M5' to obtain a model tree that allowed us to stratify it, picking out different consumer's kinds. Finally the model definition, obtained using Means-end- chain theory, better defined the consumer quality perception of fishery products and enabled to describe how consumers put in hierarchical order product's attributes and values.


Seventeenth-century physician–philosopher John Locke once said 'reading furnishes the mind only with materials of knowledge; it is thinking that makes what we read ours'. There is growing recognition within academic medicine that we must think about the texts we read in ways that acknowledge enduring racial and global inequities. Postcolonial theory offers a powerful lens to do this. Bleakley et al. introduced postcolonial theory to the field of medical education in 2008, although notions of egalitarianism and social justice go back much further in the field. Other scholars have begun to follow suit, drawing on postcolonialism and other related concepts including decoloniality. Here we focus on postcolonialism, an approach frequently applied in literature and social sciences. Postcolonialism draws attention to how language is used to legitimise actions and perspectives that allow the historical, political, economic, cultural and social impacts of European colonial rule to remain dominant in the world today. Edward Said's work has been foundational to the development of postcolonialism as an academic discipline. In his landmark book, Orientalism, he painted a vivid picture of how many literary 'greats' of the English and French languages perpetuated racial stereotypes of Eastern cultures and peoples in their novels, ultimately serving to consolidate colonial power. In his later book Culture and Imperialism, Said demonstrates that this cultural dominance is regularly met with resistance. Indeed, he argues that European culture needs to be read in relation to the works that colonised people themselves produced in reaction to cultural domination. He describes this as 'contrapuntal' reading, borrowing the term from classical musical scholars' description of listening for 'counterpoint'. In essence, it refers to reading a text with a simultaneous awareness both of the metropolitan history that is narrated, and of those of other histories against which, and together with which, the dominant history runs. In other words, instead of reading a text in a superficial and idealised way, one should recognise both the colonising and colonised perspectives across an 'imperial divide'. How might we engage in such contrapuntal reading of the variety of texts we encounter in medicine and medical education? For example, how might this help readers approach a student application statement, a trainee reflective essay, or a programme or institution accreditation report? Are we able to identify embedded assumptions in these texts that serve to perpetuate Western dominance? In our globalised world, most faculties and student bodies are made up of individuals from a variety of different racial and cultural backgrounds, and the use of a deliberate lens to identify statements of resistance from marginalised voices could help empower and embolden those seeking to challenge oppression in its many forms. However, contrapuntal reading has perhaps even more relevance when broadening our perspectives from individual departments and institutions and considers the ways in which medical education is becoming more interconnected and integrated in a global way. How, for example, might one contrapuntally read the experiences of medical educators in Eastern parts of the world who are adopting Western approaches, or working with Western 'donor' or 'supplier' institutions? Or how might one read global consensus statements or standards that are designed to be used in all parts of the world? In their article drawing on postcolonial thinking, Bleakley et al. lament the universalisation of medical education, likening it to the cultural phenomenon of 'McDonaldisation'. Such 'universalisation' and 'globalisation' often implicitly foreground Western perspectives. The encouragement of national accreditation agencies to engage in Western style accreditation practices through the World Federation for Medical Education recognition Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine; 2022, Vol. 115(5) 193–194


One fundamental change in the structure of the American family during the past quarter century has been the increase in employment of married women. In the United States today, the modal family is one in which both husband and wife work (Grossman, 1982). In two-parent families with children of any age, the percentage of women who worked in 1960 was 30.5 percent, while in 1980 it was 50.2 percent. For those families with children between the ages of 6 and 17 years, the rate of maternal employment in 1980 was 61.0 percent (U.S. Bureau of Labor, 1982). Clearly, most of today's children will spend at least part of their lives in a family with a working mother. One topic which has received much attention by researchers is the social and intellectual development of children with either employed or nonemployed mothers (Etaugh, 1974; Hoffman, 1974, 1979, 1980; Lamb, 1982). Interestingly, most researchers have focused their attention on elementary schoolaged children, probably because of the widely held belief that adolescents need less contact with their


Wars are cataclysmic events. Out of the destruction of major wars emerge new fault lines of international politics. To this extent, wars are the international, political equivalent of earthquakes, eruptions on the surface reflecting deeper underlying seismic shifts in the pattern of major-power relations.


Members of Aux/IAA gene family are responsive to primary auxin induction. ARF is a kind of regulating auxin response gene expression to regulate auxin primary function of gene transcription. By combining its response elements with the specificity of ARF, Aux/IAA is a transcription function to regulate primary auxin-responsive gene. This paper reviewed the recent advances in the structural characteristics, regulation mechanism and biological functions of Aux/IAAs. Aux/IAAs consisted of four conserved domains: Domains Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ. Domain Ⅰ was responsible for the protein inhibition of Aux/IAAs. With a leucine motif, Domain Ⅱ was capable of rapid protein stability. Domains Ⅲ and Ⅳ were responsible for protein dimerization (homo- and hetero-dimerization). Aux/IAAs promoted the transcription of early genes by combining auxin response factors, and they regulated the expression of downstream genes in the process of auxin signal transduction. Different Aux/IAAs were expressed in different tissues and organisms. Also, the study of Aux/IAA mutants indicated that different Aux/IAAs had different functions due to differences in temporal and spatial expression and affinities with promoters of Aux/IAA genes to the ARF gene. Plant hormones and environmental factors also had important roles in regulating Aux/IAAs. [Ch, 43 ref.]


This study investigates the potential reconstruction of summer monsoon season streamflow variations in the middle reaches of the Yellow River from tree rings in the Qinling Mountains. The regional chronology is significantly positively correlated with the July–October streamflow of the middle Yellow River from 1919 to 1949, and the derived reconstruction explains 36.4% of the actual streamflow variance during this period. High streamflows occurred during 1644–1757, 1795–1806, 1818–1833, 1882–1900, 1909–1920 and 1933–1963. Low streamflows occurred during 1570–1643, 1758–1794, 1807–1817, 1834–1868, 1921–1932 and 1964–2012. High and low streamflow intervals also correspond well to the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) intensity. Some negative correlations of our streamflow reconstruction with Indo-Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) also suggest the linkage of regional streamflow changes to the Asian summer monsoon circulation. Although climate change has some important effects on the variation in streamflow, anthropogenic activities are the primary factors mediating the flow cessation of the Yellow River, based on streamflow reconstruction.


This invention refers to a nutrimental oral liquid. Its prescription contains (/kg): SOD 1000-10000 units, Zn2+ 600mg-1200mg, vitamine B2 50mg-500mg, balance distilled water. The three main ingredients mertioned above are coordinated and stabilized with each other, and can improve the activity for immunocyte and enhance the immunity to prevent varied diseases.


In laser rod,the unevenly distributed pump-light caused the gain function vary over the medium,which could bring changes on the mode of the oscillated laser.A method was developed to estimate the influence degree of the non-uniform pumping light on the laser mode,by which the deviation of the oscillating field from its origin form could be given in terms of percentage.Based on it,aquasicontinuous three directional side pumped laser was discussed,in order to find the feature of the affection that the varying pumping light acted on the oscillating laser.Result shows that the changes of the oscillating mode brought by the pumping light have monotonic relations with the pumping power and the cavity loss,and the influence of pumping light on oscillating field only depends on its variation over vertical section,and is free from the distribution along the propagation direction of the oscillating laser.The magnitude order of the effect is obtained through numerical calculation,which is less than 4%when the pumping power is 2 000Wand is larger than 20% when the pumping power is 6 000W.


A cancer vaccine containing autologous dendritic cells electroporated with full-length mRNA encoding Wilms' tumor 1 (WT 1) antigen with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, WT 1 mRNA-electroporated autologous dendritic cell vaccine may elicit a cytotoxic T -cell (CT L) response against tumor cells expressing WT 1. Wt1 is frequently overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types and often correlates with disease progression and poor prognosis. Qeios · Definition, February 7, 2020


Among the functions of the brain is information storage, which is physically implemented through changes in the strengths of synapses. Experimental investigations have revealed that synapses possess interesting and, in some cases, unexpected properties. Adopting the optimization approach to biology, we describe an information theoretic framework that accounts for several of these properties: typical central synapses are noisy, the distribution of synaptic weights among central synapses is wide, and synaptic connectivity between neurons is sparse. Our approach is based on maximizing channel capacity of neural tissue under resource constraints. We cast volume as a limited resource and utilize the empirical relationship between volume and synaptic strength. We find that capacity-achieving input distributions not only explain existing experimental measurements but also make non-trivial predictions about the physical structure of the mammalian brain. We also comment on the robustness of our optimization principles to uncertainties that are inherent in science.


The invention provides a method for preparing 7-amino-3-nor-3-cephalo-4-carboxylic acid (7-ANCA for short). In the method, 7-phenylacetyl amide-3-hydroxy-3-cephalo-4-carboxylic acid-para-nitrobenzyl ester is taken as a raw material, and the method comprises the following steps of: firstly, reducing a double bond between a 3 position and a 4 position of a parent nucleus by using metal borohydride; secondly, esterifying a 3-position hydroxyl group by using sulfonyl halide; thirdly, removing 3-position methyl sulfonate group by using alkali to restore the double bond between the 3 position and the 4 position; and finally, removing a protective group on a 4-position carboxyl group of the parent nucleus by a catalytic hydrogenation method, and removing a protective group on 7-position amino group of the parent nucleus by an enzymatic method to obtain the 7-ANCA. In the method, the integral process is simple and practicable, the quality of the product is improved, the production cost is reduced, and environmental pollution is reduced.


Abstract:This paper presents a reading of the Moses narratives in the Pentateuch in dialog with Emmanuel Levinas. It examines the encounter with the Other on the part of the two major characters, namely, Moses and G-d, insofar as each is revealed to the Other during the course of the narrative and each is transformed as a result of their interaction. It both affirms and tests Levinas's understanding of love or beneficence on the part of the Other by pointing to both the constructive aspects of Moses's and G-d's interrelationship as well as the tensions that emerge between them and the consequences that result. The paper argues that Levinas's understanding of encounter with the Other provides an appropriate hermeneutical standpoint from which to read biblical literature, but that his understanding of the beneficence of such encounter must be modified to account for the tensions and conflicts that emerge. The paper begins with a discussion of Levinas's hermeneutical perspectives, including his rejection of the concept of totality in favor of infinity, his concept of the Self formed in relation to the Other, his understanding of Face in relation to moral summons, and his understanding of ethics applied to both Moses/ Israel and to G-d. Issues treated include Moses's encounter with G-d in the burning bush and plague narratives (Exodus 3–15); conflict between Moses and G-d in the golden calf episode (Exodus 32–34); the spy narratives (Numbers 13–14); and the call for water from the rock at Meribah (Numbers 20; Deuteronomy 34).


With less than 3% of agricultural cropland under irrigation, subsistence farmers in Uganda are dependent on seasonal precipitation for crop production. The majority of crops grown in the country—especially staple food crops like Matooke (Plantains)—are sensitive to the availability of water throughout their growing period and hence vulnerable to climatic impacts. In response to these challenges, the Government has developed an ambitious irrigation master plan. However, the energy implications of implementing the plan have not been explored in detail. This article attempts to address three main issues involving the nexus between water, energy, crop production, and climate. The first one explores the impact of climate on rain-fed crop production. The second explores the irrigation crop water needs under selected climate scenarios. The third focuses on the energy implications of implementing the irrigation master plan. We attempt to answer the above questions using a water balance model for Uganda developed for this study. Our results, developed at a catchment level, indicate that on average there could be an 11% reduction and 8% increase in rain-fed crop production in the cumulatively driest and wettest climates, respectively. Furthermore, in the identified driest climate, the electricity required for pumping water is expected to increase by 12% on average compared to the base scenario.


Neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NAST) can be used to treat breast cancer. Pathologic complete response (pCR) is a surrogate marker for improved survival. This study examined response in the breast and axilla to NAST and identified features associated with pCR.


Let be an essentialy bounded complex valued measurable function deened on the unit dise , and let be the corrensponding linear functional on the space B of analytic L 1-integrable functions. An outline of proof of main steps of the following is given: If jj is a constant function in , then the uniqueness of Hahn-Banach extension of from B to L 1 , when kk = kk1, implies that is the unique complex dilatation. We give a short review of some related results.


1 In a New York Times article from 1989, entitled "Hers: Speaking of the Unspeakable", the at the time unknown writer Alice Sebold argues: "the wall of silence and assumptions that surround the crime are one of the most painful results of rape". Thirteen years later, her first novel, [1] The Lovely Bones, topped the bestseller list, and directly challenged this silencing process. [2] What sets The Lovely Bones apart from other fiction and non-fiction about sexual crimes against women is the unusual narrative setting employed by Sebold: Susie Salmon, aged 14, brutally raped and murdered on December 6th, 1973 in a cornfield near her home, relates the events leading up to and following her murder at the hands of a neighbour in suburban Pennsylvania from her own personal heaven. [3]2 The novel seeks to redefine Susie as a 'survivor' rather than a 'victim', in line with antirape discourse about the use of the term 'survivor' "to emphasize women's agency in response to their victimization and to address the complexity of the women's post-rape experience" (Projansky 9). This is achieved by means of a postmortal [4] narrative perspective, wherein a fully silenced character regains her voice and thus paradoxically, despite having been killed, turns into a survivor. Uneasily perched between the living whom she observes and the dead to whom she belongs, Susie epitomises what for Caruth lies at the core of all trauma stories, namely "the oscillation between a crisis of death and the correlative crisis of life: between the story of the unbearable nature of an event and the story of the unbearable nature of its survival" (Unclaimed Experience 7). Analysing the novel from a postfeminist perspective, Whitney argues that "the act of naming oneself a survivor symbolically places the subject's trauma in the past and denies the event the ability to define her" (355). Thus Susie is allowed to define her trauma rather than being defined by it. She remains a person with desires and hopes, wishes and feelings, and power and agency in her own right (cf. Heinze 289). [5] Her ghostly but strangely uplifting narration and her few but significant interactions with the world of the living provide her with precisely the sort of freedom her rapist, Mr. Harvey, sought to take from her. Meanwhile, Whitney astutely observes, her family on Earth is not granted any psychological reprieve (cf. 355). It seems that Susie's safety from the overwhelming impact of trauma comes at the price of her family's emotional equilibrium. By creating a detached serenity in Susie's narrative, the novel relocates Susie's trauma and victimhood and places it in her parents and sister instead.3 This is where the 2009 film adaptation, directed by Peter Jackson, differs. Even though "most of the key events of the novel are transposed to the film and it ends on the same note, with Susie's blessing from heaven" (McFarlane 47), the main character - like most female characters in the film adaptation - is equipped with less agency and complexity than in the book. Jackson's Susie is not located beyond the trauma, but in the middle of it, effectively rendering her "the wound that speaks" (Caruth 8). As trauma embodied, she addresses the audiencein an attempt to tell us of a reality or truth that is not otherwise available. This truth, in its delayed appearance and its belated address, cannot be linked only to what is known, but also to what remains unknown in our very actions and our language. (4)4 While Susie in the novel is an omniscient narrator who knows exactly what happened in the underground lair Mr. Harvey specifically built to capture her, the character in the film does not. The reduction of Susie's narrative omniscience in the film serves not only to create suspense, but has the added effect of keeping Susie childlike, and thus establishes her as the 'perfect' victim in all her innocence and helplessness. In order to get closer to omniscience, she needs to regain her memories and spend time in the intermediary stage of afterlife. …


In this paper, we describe a hyperchaotic system with time-delay. The process of the system is composed of a drive system and a response system, which is controlled by an intermittent mode. Double impulses are added to enhance the control, which is closer to the actual situation. According to Lyapunov stability theory, Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI), double impulses and intermittent control theory, and considering the approximation method of delay equation, an exponential synchronization condition of error system is given. The validity of the conclusion is realized by computer simulation.


This paper aims to determine the association between corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting of listed banks and female representation on boards while controlling for the impact of gender quotas.,Logistic regressions are used with bank fixed effects on a global sample of 285 commercial banks from 2005 to 2017.,There exists a positive association between the proportion of women on board and banks' CSR disclosure. Positive association remains also after quota corrections for banks with either below- or above-quota female representation. Further, adding more women to boards than required by quota could affect boards' CSR reporting in masculine countries but not in feminine countries.,The results are not generalizable to smaller listed banks and the used estimation approach does not enable to detect causality.,Policymakers interested in improving banks' CSR reporting could introduce gender quotas.,Gender quotas can enforce banks' sustainable behaviour.,First, it is the first study to thoroughly control for gender quotas while investigating the association between female representation on boards and CSR disclosure. Second, this paper moves forward from the so-far predominant concentration on single-country studies on banks' CSR reporting. Third, this paper covers the aspect of a country's masculinity-femininity as a factor that could influence the association between CSR disclosure and female representation.


The NEP was an inherently unstable social and political system: It contained within itself the seeds of its own destruction. The Bolsheviks carried out policies in which they did not fully believe and with implications that worried them. Although the Tenth Party Congress in 1921 forbade factions within the party, the struggle for power during Lenin's final illness and after his death inevitably created factions. The struggle for power and the conflict between contrasting views concerning the future of society came to be intertwined. For the sake of economic reconstruction the party allowed private enterprise to reemerge. As time went on, many Bolshevik leaders came to be convinced supporters of the mixed economic system; others, on the basis of their reading of Marxist ideology, found such policies distasteful.