A different dimensions' success is relevant to a different management control view (Shenhar et al. 2001). It indicates that each different management level has different success dimensions, and each level needs to have different success measures. Therefore, organizations should manage different management level differently according to the management environment. This study deals with different management levels using two different concepts; program and project. The purpose of this research is to identify the nature of program management, and also, to ultimately present a perspective to build the framework of Program & Project MCS (Management Control System). For research purposes, here in this paper, I empirically examine the relation between single-project (New Product Development project) management and program management with the aspect of organization's management ability. The data from 104 manufacturing industries in Japan were analyzed. The results show that program management effi ciency is a signifi cant element for single-project performance. Moreover, the fi ndings indicate that there are different dynamic factors that enhance each program performance and project performance. JEL classifi cation numbers: M10, M11


Green gram is a 'wonder' or 'super' food with health benefits. It is one of the shortest growth duration grain legumes that are also suitable as catch crops. Leguminous crops generally attract insect pests because of their high nutritive value. Hence, a survey of insects associated with green gram (Vigna radiata L.) treated with insecticide and fungicide was conducted in Kwanpe, a suburb of Langtang in Plateau State, Nigeria from July to September during the 2014 cropping season. Four treatments of dimethoate (an insecticide) were applied (at 0, 300, 500, and 700 g a.i./ha) in four replicates arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design. A total of 40 insect species belonging to 4 orders and 8 families were captured. Species known to be pests in other legume crops encountered were 22. There were few predatory species. There were no statistical differences in pest species populations in treated and untreated green gram plots. It is recommended that there is no need to engage synthetic chemicals in the production of green gram in this locality. Regular insect surveillance is however required as a monitor for pest species populations in order to set economic threshold levels in this Southern Guinea Savanna ecological zone for the highly valued crop.


EDITORS' NOTES 1 Gary D. Levy, Nicolas A. Valcik 1. How Benchmarking and Higher Education Came Together 5 Gary D. Levy, Sharron L. Ronco This chapter discusses the history and use of different types of benchmarking practices both in general and within higher education settings. A review of major benchmarking projects in higher education is also provided. 2. Internal Benchmarking for Institutional Effectiveness 15 Sharron L. Ronco The use of internal benchmarking in higher education institutions is discussed, as well as the steps in successfully performing internal benchmarking in a higher education setting. 3. Benchmarking and Enrollment Management 25 Robert L. Duniway This chapter focuses on the use of benchmarking as a tool for successful recruiting and enrollment management in higher education institutions. 4. Using Institutional Survey Data to Jump-Start Your Benchmarking Process 37 Timothy K. C. Chow The author discusses use of readily available institutional surveys to benchmark institutional performance. 5. Learning How to Play Ball: Applying Sabermetric Thinking to Benchmarking in Higher Education 47 Gary D. Levy A brief overview of Sabermetric methods from baseball is presented, and their relevance as benchmarking tools within higher education settings is examined. 6. Selecting Peer Institutions with IPEDS and Other Nationally Available Data 61 Sarah D. Carrigan This chapter discusses using national data to assist in selection of peer institutions in higher education, and presents an example of the peer selection process. 7. Benchmarking Tier-One Universities: "Keeping Up with the Joneses" 69 Nicolas A. Valcik, Kimberly E. Scruton, Stuart B. Murchison, Ted J. Benavides, Todd Jordan, Andrea D. Stigdon, Angela M. Olszewski The authors discuss results of research examining links between benchmarked top-tier universities and their host municipalities, with results focusing on aspirational targeted higher educational institutions and their host municipalities. 8. Taming Multivariate Data: Conceptual and Methodological Issues 93 Lawrence J. Redlinger, John J. Wiorkowski, Anna I. Moses This chapter discusses conceptual, methodological, and statistical challenges in selecting appropriate peer institutions for comparative purposes, and presents a statistical model to select benchmarking peers. 9. Conclusions and Future Directions 109 Fred Lillibridge The author summarizes and integrates the previous chapters and discusses where institutional research fi ts into supporting higher education benchmarking efforts. INDEX 119


 Citation: Yazdani Charati J, Abbasi A, Fenderski A, Alipour N. Epidemiology of Fatal Traffic Accidents in Sari, Mazandaran Province, Iran in 2014. Journal of Health Research in Community. Autumn 2016;2(3): 61-68. ABSTRACT Introduction and purpose: Road traffic injuries are one of the most important health problems in recent communities which is annually resulted in the deaths of more than 12,000 people around the world. The present study examined the epidemiology of fatal traffic accidents in Sari, Mazandaran province, Iran, in 2014. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted using the information about the people who died due to traffic accidents during early April 2014-March 2015. This information was taken from the Mazandaran Legal Medicine Center. All the required information was collected using the checklist. The age and gender of the population were obtained from the Statistical Center of Iran, which was collected in the population census carried out in 2014. Data analysis was performed using Excel 2013. Results: According to the results, a total of 112 individuals had died due to traffic accidents in Sari, 76 cases of whom were male (68%). The highest number of deaths was found to be between the ages of 15 and 24 years old. Sari-Kaiser and Sari-Juybar road had the maximum (19 cases) and minimum (two cases) numbers of death, respectively. In addition, the spring and winter with 35 and 19 killed had the most and least numbers of death in Sari in 2014. Conclusion: Given the high rate of accidents in the city of Sari, particularly in the young population, we suggest taking measures such as strict regulation, enhanced vehicle safety, culture-making, and education, especially for children and adolescents.


The size of internet image collections is increasing drastically. As a result, new techniques are required to facilitate users in browsing, navigation, and summarization of these large volume collections. Image collection summarization methods present users with a set of exemplar images as the most representative ones from the initial image collection. In this study, an image collection summarization technique was introduced according to semantic hierarchies among them. In the proposed approach, images were mapped to the nodes of a pre-defined domain ontology. In this way, a semantic hierarchical classifier was used, which finally mapped images to different nodes of the ontology. We made a compromise between the degree of freedom of the classifier and the goodness of the summarization method. The summarization was done using a group of high-level features that provided a semantic measurement of information in images. Experimental outcomes indicated that the introduced image collection summarization method outperformed the recent techniques for the summarization of image collections.


Localizing tumors and measuring tissue mechanical properties can be useful for surgical planning and evaluating progression of disease. In this paper, supervised machine learning algorithms enable mechanical localization of stiff inclusions in artificial tissue after autonomous robotic palpation. Elastography is used to generate training data for the learning algorithms, providing a non-invasive, inclusion-specific characterization of tissue biomechanics. In particular, elastography was used to characterize the stiffness of artificial tissue with an embedded hard inclusion. Once the inclusion was identified on the elastographic image, machine learning methods identified the difference in stiffness between the inclusion and surrounding soft tissue and generated classifiers, which were used to label stiffness values as either part of the inclusion or soft tissue. Next, data acquired via autonomous robotic palpation of the artificial tissue created a map of the stiffness distributed over the surface of the tissue. The points in this map were thresholded against the classifiers trained by the machine learning algorithms, and points theorized to belong to the hard inclusion were labeled. Centroid approximations of the hard inclusion based on this labeling show that classifying stiffness data acquired by autonomous robotic palpation and labeled by a classifier trained from elastography data provides a more accurate method of localizing hard inclusions than using unclassified data.


The Seasat-A attitude control system controls the attitude of the satellite system during injection into final circular orbit after Atlas boost, during orbit adjust and trim phases, and throughout the 3-year mission. Ascent and injection guidance and attitude control are provided by the Agena spacecraft with a gyrocompassed mass expulsion system. On-orbit attitude control functions are performed by a system that has its functional roots in the gravity-gradient momentum bias technology. The paper discusses hardware, control laws, and simulation results.


PURPOSE: A real-time digital map editing method and system, a server, and a recording medium are provided to enable a user to edit and update digital map information by editing changed items of the digital map information through the display screen of a mobile client based on augmented reality. CONSTITUTION: A digital map information module (110) manages digital map information by being coupled with a digital map information database. A digital map information providing module (120) receives a request of digital map information about certain location information of a mobile client. The digital map information providing module transmits the digital map information to the mobile client. A digital map information update module (130) updates the corresponding digital map information based on editing information transmitted from the mobile client. A digital map information reception module transmits location information to an augmented reality server and receives digital map information corresponding to the location information. A three-dimensional object generation module generates a three-dimensional object based on the digital map information. [Reference numerals] (100) Digital map server; (110) Digital map information module; (120) Digital map information providing module; (130) Digital map information update module; (140) Digital map information DB


Current DRM technology of Wireless Reading System in network environment cannot effectively give the dynamic authorization and decision.To solve the problem,this paper presents a Mobile Wireless Reading DRM system based on Usage Control model,explaining the system model and the core technology.Experimental results show that the system can dynamically authorize users with good availability.


This paper proposes a decentralized control technique for 2-dimensional experimental helicopter systems. The decentralized control technique is especially suitable in large-scale control systems. We derive the stabilization condition for the interconnected Takagi-Sugeno (TS) fuzzy system using the rigorous tool-Lyapunov stability criterion and formulate the controller design condition in terms of linear matrix inequality (LMI). To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method, we include the experiment result as well as a computer simulation one, which strongly convinces us the applicability to the industry.


Objective To understand the quality of life of community residents and to assess the impact factors on the quality of life and thus to provide references for policies makers to improve life quality of community residents.Methods After excluding beneficiaries younger than 30 and over 79 years old,a total of 252 013 community residents were selected in Tangshan by a random sampling method and household interviewed face to face.Quality of life(QOL) was evaluated by physical capacity,psychological well-being and social relationship domains of WHOQOL.A stepwise multiple regression procedure was used to determine the influencing factors for the QOL.Results The weighted average score of QOL of all participants was 78.7±24.0.The score of QOL in female(77.8±24.4) was significantly less than in male(79.5±23.6),P0.01,in the urban(72.0±24.6) was significantly less than the rural residents(80.9±23.4),P0.01,and had at least one chronic diseases(72.3±25.7) was also significantly less than subjects without disease(81.1±22.9),P0.01.The QOL were significantly decreased with age,and the score of QOL in 30~,45~ and 60~ were 81.2±23.1,78.1±24.0 and 74.6±24.8,respectively(F=1 303.8,P0.01).Stepwise multiple regression indicated that subjects who had at least one chronic diseases,dissatisfaction with access to health services and living in urban areas were negatively associated with QOL in either sex.Conclusions Health status,demographic characteristics(such as the living,age and education level),life style(such as physical exercise,female alcohol intake and smoking) were all the influencing factors of QOL.


In the Federal Republic of Germany the increasing unemployment of highly qualified labour is grasped as an unpredictable and fateful phenomenon ('destiny of a generation'). In this article the discrepancy between academic qualifications and professional prospects is evaluated as a constituent part of the complex German system of academic entitlements and professional careers. Since the 1870s the extension of educational opportunities and professional prospects for one generation has led to restricted prospects for the succedent generation. The present oversupply of academics as well as its ancestors of the period around 1880 and 1930 is a crisis primarily generated by the educational system itself irrespective of economic development, changing birth-rates, etc. as conditioning factors.


This research paper deals with gender and Children Education which is considered by the law (Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educacao no 9394/96) the first step to basic studies aiming at a complete education of the children in their full potential. This level of education has been mainly done by women, this fact aroused interest to investigate the feminine presence in the teaching of children. Taking this fact into consideration the paper discusses a few questions of gender which go beyond the task of teaching young children such as feminine professionalization, public and private sector, educating and caring. In the theoretical review the paper highlights gender (Guacira Louro and Joan Scott) and the path followed by Children Education in Brazil (Ana Cerisara e Fulvia Rosemberg). Focusing on female children educators, this paper tried to get to know their understanding of Children Education and gender and how they express the existing relation between these two elements. A qualitative methodology was applied by using a semi-structured interview as an instrument to collect data. A thematic analysis of content was adopted in search of understanding the meaning of what the educators said. Data show that the educators value professional qualification and try to match technical competence and affective relations. Nevertheless, although the dichotomy and polarization of gender has been criticized, they still reveal marks of female socialization based on domestic task and mothering, specially in what concerns caring little children. According the analized data, we pointed the need of enlargement of the discussions inside the Children Education, mainly in gender issues such as educating / caring and professional valuation.


To Freeman Tilden, provocation was an essential ingredient to effective interpretation, and I tend to agree with that idea. Both my walking tour at the Fredericksburg Battlefield Visitor Center and the interpretive exhibits at Chatham Manor utilize provocation in different forms, with different challenges and opportunities. Overall, the atmosphere of Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania National Military Park is one that supports and encourages provocative thinking by visitors.


The utility model relates to a numerical control cutting device used for cutting the intersection line of a steel pipe. The utility model is characterized in that the numerical control cutting device consists of a steel-pipe transmission device, an axial movement device and a cutting-torch lifting and swing device, wherein one end of the axial movement device is connected with the steel-pipe transmission device; and the cutting-torch lifting and swing device is arranged at the upper end of the axial movement device and is connected with the axial movement device by a cable. The numerical control cutting device has the advantages that the levelness of the steel pipe can be ensured, the structure is light, the integrity is good, the carrying is convenient, and the material is saved.


The present invention belongs to the technical field structure building construction, particularly for the construction of energy-saving method of ribbed floor cavity, said method comprising the steps of: a, branch template; B, actinomycetes; C, the lower plate member disposed cavity energy or the lower member, the upper plate member cavity is energy saving, and a lower plate surrounding wall is encircled, is provided with at least the inner insulating layer and / or a surface of the insulating layer, the lower plate has at least one side of the pick projecting outer edge on the surface side of the pick is provided with insulation and / or insulating layer; steel d, banding frame beam, ribbed beam; E, is placed around the wall of the cavity member and energy or the upper plate member; F, pouring concrete; G, curing, form removal. The present invention own floor building insulation greatly improves insulation, heat insulation, sound insulation of the floor, transfer energy barrier between floors, can significantly improve the energy efficiency of buildings. The present invention is applicable to various types of floor structures.


The Jade Mountain,translated by Witter Bynner from the Texts of Kiang Kang-hu,is the first full-length English translation of Hengtangtuishi's 300 Poems of the Tang Dynasty,and has attracted much attention since its publication in 1929.Kiang worked in the University of California at Berkeley between the 1914~1915and 1919~1920academic years,while Bynner taught there in the 1918~1919academic year,which provided a spatio-temporal opportunity for Kiang and Bynner's acquaintance and cooperation.And quite a lot of periodicals provided smooth channels for their translations,which laid a solid foundation for the final publication of The Jade Mountain.


Controlling interactions between cellulose-based materials and membranes of living cells is critical in medicine and biotechnology in, for example, wound dressing, tissue engineering, haemodialysis membranes and drug transport. Cellulose acetylation is one of the widely used approaches to tune those interactions. Surprisingly, however, the detailed interactions of acetylated cellulose and membranes have thus far not been characterized. Using atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we show that the key to such control is hydrogen bonds: By tuning the number of hydrogen bonds between tissue (cell membranes) and cellulose, binding can be controlled in a precise manner. We demonstrate that acetylation of each hydroxymethyl group reduces the free energy of cellulose-membrane binding by an order of magnitude as compared to pristine cellulose. Remarkably, this acetylation-induced weakening does not occur gradually and is characterized by a sharp threshold in the degree of substitution, beyond which the microscopic character of lipid-cellulose interactions changes drastically. When the degree of substitution does not exceed 0.125, the cellulose-lipid interactions are mainly driven by hydrogen bonding between cellulose's hydroxyl groups and phosphate groups of lipid molecules. This results in a tight binding of a cellulose crystal and a lipid bilayer. Larger degrees of substitution (here, 0.25 and 0.5) prevent hydrogen bonding, leading to rather weak and unstable cellulose-bilayer binding. In this case the lipid-cellulose binding is controlled by the interactions of lipid choline groups with hydroxyl(hydroxymethyl) groups and carbonyl groups of acetyl moieties of acetylated cellulose.


Karang Mumus is a river that is widely used by the community for various activities to meet the needs of life such as bathing, washing and as a source of drinking water. This causes water quality to decline and results in health impacts on river users. The purpose of this study was to analyze the water quality status of the Karang Mumus River Segment of the S. Parman Bridge and the Perniagaan Bridge of Samarinda City. This research is an observational descriptive study, which is to find out what are the potential sources of pollution in river water, find out how the quality of river water is using the Pollution Index method and find out the health impacts caused by river water. The research shows that the sources of pollution in the S. Parman Bridge and Perniagaan Bridge segments come from household and industrial activities. The status of river water quality in the S. Parman Bridge and Perniagaan Bridge segments has light and heavy polluted categories with 4 parameters that do not meet the quality standards, namely, TSS, COD, DO, and Fecal Coli. The health impacts caused by using river water in the S. Parman Bridge segment and Perniagaan are diarrhea, dysentery and skin irritation. The largest percentage of diseases experienced by the people of the river area of the S. Parman Bridge segment is diarrhea by 30%, while in the Perniagaan Bridge segment, skin irritation is 40%.
Keywords: Karang Mumus River; Pollution Index; Water Quality


Background— QT interval parameters are potential prognostic markers of arrhythmogenicity risk and cardiovascular mortality and have never been evaluated in Chagas' disease. Methods and Results— Outpatients (738) in the chronic phase of Chagas' disease were enrolled in a long-term follow-up study. Maximal heart rate-corrected QT (QTc) and T-wave peak-to-end (TpTe) intervals and QRS, QT, JT, QTapex, and TpTe dispersions and variation coefficients were measured manually and calculated from 12-lead ECGs obtained on admission. Clinical, radiological, and 2-dimensional echocardiographic data were also recorded. Primary end points were all-cause, Chagas' disease-related, and sudden cardiac mortalities. During a follow-up of 58±39 months, 62 patients died, 54 of Chagas' disease-related causes and 40 suddenly. Multivariate Cox survival analysis revealed that the QT-interval dispersion (QTd) (hazard ratio, 1.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.29 to 1.63; P<0.001, for 10-ms increments) and left ventricular (LV) end-syst...


Re-wetting of drained fens can release phosphorus, introducing a eutrophication risk for associated aquatic ecosystems. Characterisation of the different forms of organic and inorganic bound phosphorus in the peat is an important step towards the development of tools for assessing the level of risk attached to individual rewetting projects. In the work reported here, a sequential extraction (fractionation) method was used to distinguish the following P binding forms: 1. labile P, detected by NH4Cl extraction; 2. redox-sensitive P, detected by Na2S2O4/NaHCO3 extraction; 3. P adsorbed to metal oxides, detected by HCl extraction; 4. P bound to humic substances, detected by NaOH extraction; and 5. organic and refractory bound P, detected using H2SO4 and H2O2. Special attention was paid to the degree of decomposition (DPD) of the peat, and metal concentrations were measured in selected fractions. Higher P concentrations were found in completely humified than in little humified peat for all fractions except the NH4Cl (labile P) fraction, where P content increased as DPD decreased. As only 1% of total phosphorus (TP) was present as labile P, the results indicate that the decisive horizons for nutrient release after re-wetting are those that are completely humified due to pedogenetic changes. The principal metal sorption partner for P was Fe.


Due to improved health‐care systems, the life span expectation is increasing and leads to older populations in the Western countries. There is a variety of consequences based on this development, several of them affecting health‐care systems. Since older patients show other patterns of overall illness, also trauma systems will have to adapt their management. Surgeons are more and more confronted with relatively new entities of injuries, posttraumatic complications, and the corresponding patient management. This involves concepts to achieve an immediate full weight‐bearing stability after fracture fixation allowing early mobilization and early discharge.


The multiphase morphology of high impact polypropylene (hiPP), which is a reactor blend of polypropylene (PP) with ethylene-propylene copolymer, was investigated by transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy techniques in conjunction with an analysis of the hiPP composition and chain structure based on solvent fractionation, C-13-NMR, and differential scanning calorimetry measurements.


Key Points Question Is low muscle mass associated with declines in different cognitive domains over 3 years? Findings In cohort study that included 8279 older adults, the presence of low muscle mass was significantly and independently associated with faster subsequent executive function decline over 3 years. Meaning These findings suggest the potential for clinical screening of older adults to identify those with low muscle mass to assist in risk detection of cognitive impairment development.


The formation constants of the species formed in the systems H+ + dimethyltin(IV) + tyrosine, tryptophan, and phenylalanine as well as H+ + tyrosine, tryptophan, and phenylalanine have been determined in aqueous solution in the pH range (1.5 to 9.5) at a constant temperature (25 °C) and constant ionic strength (0.1 mol·dm–3 NaClO4), using a combination of spectrophotometric and potentiometric techniques. The composition of the formed complexes were determined, and it was shown that dimethyltin(IV) forms three mononuclear 1:1 species with all the ligands, of the type MHL, ML, and MH–1L, where M and L represent metal ion and each amino acid, respectively. A complex distribution curve depending on the pH and metal–ligand ratio is given, and influences of the ligands side chains on the stability constants of the formed species are discussed. 1H NMR investigations in aqueous solution confirmed the species formation and led us to propose their probable structures.


RESPECT THE INVENTION NETWORKS FOR DATA TRANSMISSION. A COMMUNICATION NETWORK SIGNAL BY USING CARRIER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM INCLUDING THE ENERGY INCLUDES ONE BRANCH PONTREPETEUR34 BRIDGE ON A SYSTEM TRANSFORMATEUR14 DISTRIBUTION SO AS TO PREVENT THE TRANSMITTED SIGNALS ARE ATTENUATED BY THE PROCESSOR. ALSO INCLUDES THE BRIDGE REPEATER FUNCTION THAT ALLOWS HIM TO RECEIVE MESSAGE BITS OF TRAINS OF ORIGIN ISSUED IN THE NETWORK BY MODULE COMMANDE20, 24, 26, 28 AND THESE BITS RETRANSMITTING TO TRAIN TO CONTROL MODULE . APPLICATION TO ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS REMOTE.


PURPOSE: To avoid a risk of sticking a needle into a hand of an operator by forming a blunt tip in a shape such as to have a cross section having a peripheral length which is longer than that of the distal end of the front end part in regard to a sharp tip part adjacent to the distal end of the front end part. CONSTITUTION: A surgical needle 10 having a blunt end, a suture attaching part 112, a continuous body part 14 having a cross-sectional area which is uniform in its entirety, and a continuous tip end part 16. The suture attaching part 12 is straight and has a slot 16 which extends from the proximal end of the needle along its axis. It has a uniform cross-sectional area through the body part 14 and the continuous tip end part 16 and terminates in a bulb-like blunt tip 24. The widest part of this blunt tip 24 has a peripheral length which is longer than that of the cross-section of the distal end of the tip part 16. With this arrangement, the needle 10 is prevented from penetrating into the skin of a hand of an operator, which wears thereon a glove. COPYRIGHT: (C)1995,JPO


The quality of video playback is significantly affected when packet loss occurs during the transmission of network.To reduce the impact,an active frame dropping strategy was proposed.It tests the network traffic before transmitting data into network and discards some not-so-important frame of the video according to the test result.The simulation results show that this strategy significantly improves the performance of video playback and decreases the congestion at the same time.


Testing activity at the Earth's most analogous site to Mars is increasing as engineers develop robots, aircraft and spacesuits for interplanetary exploration


The problem of spontaneous radiation of the electron bunch grazing into a charged metallic surface with randomly distributed needle shaped asperities is considered. Distances between two neighboring asperities have been described by gamma distribution. Being repealed by highly charged asperities the electrons of the bunch move along non-regular periodical trajectories in the planes parallel to the metallic surface. The spatial periods of the trajectories are random quantities which are described by the same gamma distribution. The radiation characteristics of the bunch have been obtained. It is shown that the angular distributions of the number of photons radiated from the bunch and from a single electron are the same but the frequency distribution of the bunch is being drastically changed at the hard frequency region. It is proposed to develop a new non-destructive method for investigation of the metal surface roughness. The frequency distribution of the number of photons radiated under the zero angle has been obtained. That allows to find the gain expression of the stimulated radiation.


Internal oxidation is a deterioration in structure well known since many years. Phenomena due to this can vary in form and extension widely by maintaining equal treatment conditions. Several consequences of internal oxidation can be compensated by suitable operations. But it is desirable to minimize the extent of internal oxidation at the beginning. A direct operation to reduce the effect of internal oxidation is successful if all parameters are sufficiently known. In this contribution own experiences are reported and an overview concerning the thematic of internal oxidation by view of the authors is presented.


During the process of using WEB video stream medium project,Beijing Shunyi TV Station(BJSYTV)meets some difficulties.This paper mainly discusses how to overcome the technology difficulties of using WEB video stream medium technology in real production.


The technical risks of MBR process for municipal wastewater treatment are analyzed.The main risks include pretreatment,reduction of treatment capacity and automatic control system.The pretreatment should be enough emphasized,and the efficient pretreatment is crucial to maintain process performance.In order to avoid treatment capacity decline,it is very important to set equalization tank or membrane modules.Large scale MBR WWTP should have a conventional process to deal with a peak flow rate.Small scale MBR WWTP can set one PLC control system.Large scale MBR WWTP should set two PLC control systems,and they should be looped.


Within the framework of Mutual Recognition Arrangement(MRA),the international equivalence of national measurement standards is determined by a series of key comparisons organized by the Consultative Committees of the International Committee for Weights and Measures(CIPM).Therefore,Consultative Committee for Thermometry(CCT) authorized Bureau International des Poids et Mesures(BIPM) to be a pilot laboratory to organize CCT-K7 key comparison of water triple point cells,participated in by 20 national metrology institutes.The comparison results show that these national reference values of TPW are in good agreement within 0.171?mK.Additionally,in order to reduce systematic differences in realization of TPW among the national laboratories,it is very necessary to further investigate the effects of isotopic composition on the triple point temperature of water,and corrections for isotopic composition.


In human-swarm systems, human input to a robot swarm can both inhibit desirable swarm behaviors and allow the operator to properly guide the swarm to achieve mission goals. Indeed, the way that control is shared between the human operator and the inherent collective robot behaviors determines in large part the success of the human-swarm system. In this paper, we seek to understand how to design human-swarm systems that effectively moderate human influence over a robot swarm. To do this, we implement a simulated swarm system based on honeybees, and study how interacting with this swarm using various methods of moderating human influence impacts the success of the resulting human-swarm system. Our results demonstrate that moderating human influence is essential to achieving effective human-swarm systems, and highlight the need for future work in determining how to better moderate human influence in human-swarm systems.


Analysis of covariance is a useful statistical procedure for data analysis even when carefully executed random assignment procedures are employed. Statistically adjusting for the effects of the covariates on the outcome can help account for pretreatment group differences—even with careful sampling. In addition, analysis of covariance can increase statistical power, thus reducing the Type II error rate. This paper uses diagrams to show how analysis of covariance manipulates data under a variety of conditions. Also discussed are the relationship between analysis of covariance and statistical power and issues related to covariate selection. Finally, a simulated data analysis is used to demonstrate the process of selecting covariates and to show the results with and without statistically adjusting for the effects of the covariate.


We study the scattering of the H-polarized plane wave by a freestanding periodic grating that contains two circular cylinders on a single period, one made of silver and another dielectric. The reflection and transmission coefficients for such a grating demonstrate several types of resonances including plasmons and grating resonances. Besides, we analyze the associated eigenvalue problem where the dielectric cylinders are so-called quantum wires, i.e. have "negative-absorption" or "active" refractive index. The comparison of eigensolutions for the grating modes of two active chains, one with and another without silver elements shows that the thresholds of lasing are higher in the former case, apparently because of the losses in silver.


By using analytical results for the constrained minimum energy of magnetic knots we determine the influence of internal twist on the minimum magnetic energy levels of knots and links, and by using ropelength data from the RIDGERUNNER tightening algorithm (Ashton et al 2011 Exp. Math. 20 57–90) we obtain the groundstate energy spectra of the first 250 prime knots and 130 prime links. The two spectra are found to follow an almost identical logarithmic law. By assuming that the number of knot types grows exponentially with the topological crossing number, we show that this generic behavior can be justified by a general relationship between ropelength and crossing number, which is in good agreement with former analytical estimates (Buck and Simon 1999 Topol. Appl. 91 245–57, Diao 2003 J. Knot Theory Ramifications 12 1–16). Moreover, by considering the ropelength averaged over a given knot family, we establish a new connection between the averaged ropelength and the topological crossing number of magnetic knots.


The aim of the study is to consider the problem of the improvement of the students-managers linguistic competence. Methods. The analysis of the features of the linguistic competence formation of the future managers with the help of critical thinking technology was used at the initial stage. The model of the organization of the effective foreign language practicals is developed by means of pedagogical simulation. The testing of the control and the experimental groups with the future statistical data processing is used to evaluate the developed model effectiveness. Results. Methods and teaching techniques are used in compliance with each stage of cognitive activity. The necessary requirements while the organization and the conducting of the foreign language practicals when critical thinking skills learning are stated. The role of the professionally-oriented foreign texts in the higher educational institutions for the critical thinking development and the improvement of the future managers' linguistic competence is identified. Scientific novelty. A model of foreign language practicals for students of economics using the stages of cognitive activity and methods and techniques of critical thinking is developed. The dependence between the requirements for foreign language practicals and information mastery level is defined. Practical significance. The complex of foreign language practicals for students of economics increasing the level of language training is developed on the basis of theoretical survey and experimental data.


Abstract : The report concerns user field testing of commercial pop-up camper trailers, portable, battery-powered, fluorescent lights, and a light weight, six-man tent to determine the potential usefulness of these items to the Army in the field.


To the Editor. —Disposable extended-wear soft contact lenses have recently been introduced in the United States (Acuvue, Johnson & Johnson New Brunswick, NJ). These lenses are dispensed in a sterile nonpreserved buffered saline solution. The lenses are intended to be placed in the eye directly from this solution for 1 week, and then disposed of. One theoretical advantage of this type of disposable contact lens is a decrease in contact lens-related microbial keratitis. We recently examined a patient with a bacterial keratitis associated with disposable extended-wear soft contact lens usage. Report of a Case. —A 50-year-old woman with a 1-year history of disposable soft contact lens usage routinely removed the contact lenses from their case, irrigated them with a sterile nonpreserved aerosolized saline solution, and inserted them in her eyes. She removed and disposed of her lenses after 7 to 9 days of wearing. The patient presented to us on


We report the sightings of false killer whales Pseudorca crassidens in the Ligurian Sea in Septem- ber 2020. A list of 45 records from other sightings, bycatching and strandings is presented. This species is classified as "visitor" in the Mediterranean because of occasional sightings but a lack of breeding records. However, the last sightings in the 2019-2020 with juveniles and calves suggest that this species may reproduce within the Mediterranean. Further studies are needed to improve our knowledge on distribution and movement of the false killer whales.


Purpose: The research studied the performance of some of the psychological status of 64 children and adolescents with arterial hypertension (AH) and obesity according to the level of blood pressure (hypertension "white coat" or "true" hypertension). Methodology: Stage 1 randomization groups of children with obesity and hypertension, depending on the level of blood pressure as a result of daily monitoring of blood pressure. 2nd stage: a comparative study of the psychological parameters (anxiety, depression) in children with hypertension "true" and AH "white coat", as well as children of the control group on the results of psychological tests. Results: In children with "true" hypertension and obesity was significantly more frequently reported clinical and laboratory markers of the metabolic syndrome (insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia) and higher levels of anxiety and depression, requiring a mandatory inclusion in their comprehensive treatment of psychotherapeutic techniques. Higher levels of anxiety and depression in children with obesity and hypertension "white coat" in comparison with a control group of children require psychological treatment to the formation of their "true" hypertension. Practical implications: pediatrics, clinical psychology, child cardiology.


BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have marked therapeutic effects in many cancer patients. This is not the case for the large majority (~85%) of colorectal cancers (CRC), i.e. those classified as microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors. Cancers that do not respond to immunotherapies, such as this predominant CRC form, have a T cell non-infiltrated phenotype and are known as "cold" tumours. They are poorly immunogenic, as opposed to ICI-responsive "hot" tumours that are associated with high T cell infiltration. A typical immunosuppressive mechanism used by tumors is the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which binds four EP receptor subtypes on tumor and immune cells to promote tumor survival. The EP4 receptor plays a major role in PGE2-induced immunosuppression. CR6086 is a clinical stage EP4 receptor antagonist acting as a targeted immunomodulator. This study tested the hypothesis that the EP4 antagonist CR6086 could turn cold into hot tumors, favoring the response to ICI therapy. METHODS: We investigated the efficacy of combining CR6086 with an ICI (i.e. anti-mouse PD-1 (CD279), clone RMP1-14 [mAb]) in a syngeneic model of CRC resistant to ICI therapy. CT26 colon carcinoma cells (1 × 106) were inoculated subcutaneously in the right flank of female BALB/c mice. Treatments started on day 7 post-inoculation, when all tumors were within the target volume range of 50-100 mm3. CR6086 (30 mg/kg) was administered orally once daily for 14 days (QDx14); anti-PD-1 mAb (150 μg/mouse) was administered intraperitoneally on days 7, 10, 14 and 17. RESULTS: The combination of CR6086 and anti-PD-1 significantly decreased tumor growth vs vehicle-treated mice (mean tumor volume: 721±166 mm3 vs 1457±219 mm3; P CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the EP4 receptor antagonist CR6086 may turn a cold MSS murine colorectal cancer, non-responsive to ICI treatment, into a hot tumor responsive to ICIs. Citation Format: Gianfranco Caselli, Flora Ferrari, Tiziana Piepoli, Adriana Grotti, Rosanna Cavagnoli, Giuseppe M. Montagna, Pierpaolo Romanelli, Albino Bonazzi, Marco Lanza, Camilla Recordati, Lucio C. Rovati. Combination of the EP4 antagonist CR6086 and anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody inhibits tumor growth in a microsatellite stable colorectal cancer in mice [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 2208.


Abstract Studies carried out for a period of three years indicate that Liza tade in the Negombo lagoon of the west Sri Lanka is a non-intermittent spawner spawning in February-March, June, August, October and December. Males were more abundant in smaller size groups but a 1:1 sex ratio was observed from the 32-cm class onwards. The fecundity ranged from 80 750 to 477000 for fish ranging from 14.5 to 35.1 cm in total length. The mean lengths at maturity were 17.5 and 22.8 cm for the males and females, respectively. Polychaetes and detritus constituted the major food items of the diet.


A without exceeding the decoding capability of the sink device, making it possible to play properly in the sink device content received from a plurality of source devices. A wireless communication unit that establishes a wireless connection with the A plurality of the encoding apparatus, a decoding unit for decoding each content received from the plurality of encoding apparatus through the wireless communication unit, wherein a reproducing unit for reproducing the plurality of content to be decoded by the decoding unit, as set request decoding capability required by the content reproduced by the reproducing unit does not exceed the actual decoding capability of the decoder, the plurality of providing a decoding device and a control unit for controlling the encoding condition of the content in the encoder. .The


The invention relates to a vanadium nitride production method, comprising the following steps: grinding vanadium pentoxide powder to more than 60 meshes of powder, mixing the powder with reductant and binder evenly for pressing and forming, then placing the product in a high vacuum degree tube type resistance furnace, vacuumizing the vacuum tube type resistance furnace, adjusting the vacuum degree to 9-11Pa, then injecting 99.99% of pure nitrogen to the pressure of 0.15-0.25MPa while electrifying and heating the vacuum tube type resistance furnace, sintering and nitriding at 800-950 DEG C for3-6h, gradually cooling to 150-200 DEG C and opening the furnace to take out the product. By using the method of the invention to produce vanadium nitride, the energy consumption is low, the process control is accurate, the product production is stable and no environmental pollution is generated. The nitrogen content of the prepared vanadium nitride can reach 16-20% and the impurity content is low.


The safe operating area of a power transistor is one of its most important ratings, yet only a few methods exist to evaluate it. Systems which involve testing a sample of devices under controlled breakdown conditions are limited by the time involved and the need for elaborate protection systems. The method described uses the collector cut-off current as a heat sensor to control the temperature of the collector-base junction. This temperature is sampled at a defined repetition rate and is kept constant during the test. The advantage of the system is that is allows description of the safe operating area for direct current as well as for pulsed operation without subjecting the transistor to break-down. Both n-p-n and p-n-p devices in hermetic or plastic packages can be evaluated, and the complete safe-operating-area curve can be described automatically in a short time.


The selected plant leaves, Talinum triangulare leaf extract (40 and 80 mg/kg bw) seems to be more efficient in the control of type II diabetes. Oral administration of aqueous extract of TT is able to control the diabetes induced alterations in enzymes related to carbohydrate metabolism. Both antioxidants like ascorbate, Vitamin C, Vitamin E and TTH and antioxidant defense enzymes like SOD, CAT and GPx levels also regulated by the supplementation of TT leaf extract to the rats during diabetes.


An Applied Research Project (Political Science 5397) Submitted
to the Department of Political Science, Texas State University-San
Marcos, in Partial Fulfillment for the Requirements for the Degree
of Masters of Public Administration, Spring 2011.
 Faculty Approval: Dr. Thomas Longoria
 Dr. George Weinberger
 Ms. Vanessa Owens, MPA


tion has been given to the quality of development in our work and in educational research generally" (1983, p. 199). They define this phase of instruction, which occurs after "daily review" and before "seatwork" in their instructional program, as "the process whereby a teacher facilitates the meaningful acquisition of an idea by a learner" (p. 206). In their expanded conception of development, they view development as a "collection of acts controlled by the teacher" (p. 207) that consists of five components: (a) attending to prerequisites, (b) attending to relationships, (c) attending to representation, (d) attending to perceptions, and (e) generality of concepts. Good and Grouws also point out that in their research, development "appears to be the only variable that teachers, as a group, had consistent trouble in implementing" (1979, p. 358). The implementation difficulties that teachers have with


The two-color photorefractive properties in undoped as-grown near-stoichiometric lithium tantalate crystals were investigated, where a near-infrared laser and a cw ultraviolet beam were used for writing and gating, respectively. The key parameters in characterizing two-color photorefractive effect, light-induced absorption change, two-color sensitivity, refractive index change, readout characteristics, and dark decay were measured by changing intensities of gating and writing beams, wavelengths of gating and writing beams for the crystals with different near-stoichiometric crystal compositions, and proton concentrations. The results showed that there exists an optimal crystal composition of around 49.65% for both sensitivity and refractive index change together with moderate lifetime of small polarons. The achieved refractive index change was on the order of 10−4, and the obtained maximum sensitivity was 0.18 cm/J. The extrapolated lifetime of holograms at room temperature in the crystals without observab...


The invention relates to a linear guide rail copying device for lathing and milling a crossbeam and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the linear guide rail copying device for lathing and milling a crossbeam comprises a crossbeam main body, a linear rolling guide rail and a sliding plate kit, and the maximum speed of the X-axis of a machine tool crossbeam is 16000 mm/min. The linear guide rail copying device for lathing and milling a crossbeam is characterized in that a copying curved surface is manufactured by processing the screwing surfaces and the locating surfaces of two parallel guide rails of the crossbeam main body; the curve of the curved surface is the same as that of the vertical plane of the linear rolling guide rail after the crossbeam is loaded, stressed and deformed, but is in an opposite direction; the linear rolling guide rail and the guide rail surface of the crossbeam main body are fastened into a whole by set screws and impacting blocks on the guide rail surface of the crossbeam main body, and the tight attachment of the linear rolling guide rail and the copying curved surface of the crossbeam guide rails is ensured by increasing the numbers of the screws and the impacting blocks; and the sliding plate kit is screwed on the sliding block of the linear rolling guide rail by screws, and a damping block is arranged between the linear rolling guide rail and the sliding block. The invention has the advantages of increasing the working accuracy of a machine tool, simplifying the design structure of the machine tool, reducing the processing hardness of the machine tool crossbeam and shortening the manufacturing cycle of the machine tool.


The UK's decision to leave the EU sent shock waves through an EU that had gone through an unprecedented process of integration extending for seven decades. Brexit came at a propitious moment for a Union that was still reeling from the effects of the Euro-crisis, the refugee crisis and other challenges, which had exposed the EU's vulnerabilities, and served as a reminder that member states may not continue on the same integrationist track. It is widely recognised that the EU that emerged from the crises is more differentiated, but it is not clear if differentiation is part of the problem or part of the solution. All political systems are differentiated, but the EU is distinct in the way it is structured, and in the way in which the process of integration is structured and conducted. The EU's White Paper contains proposals that variously recommend more and less differentiation.


NO2 is part of a family of highly reactive gases called nitrogen oxides (NOx), which also include nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). NOx can react with SO2 and other chemicals in the air to form acid rain. This study characterizes the dispersion of emissions nitrogen dioxide from traffic sources in the Bandung area. The Air Pollution Model, was used to simulate dispersion of the traffic emissions over the city. The models account for the two primary wind directions in this region – the prevailing southwest and a secondary northeast direction. The analysis result by TAQM showed higher emission of NO2 in center area than the other area of Bandung. Pollutant dispersion pattern was analyzed based on a few ours as representative of dry season and strong and weak background wind. Simulation by using TAQM results showed that NO2 emission dispersion pattern in Bandung tend to disperse according to traffic density in main roads that lies in the center of Bandung approach 9 gr/s


Abstract Funtionalized pentacene, 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)pentacene (TIPS-pentacene), field-effect transistors(FET's) were made by thermal evaporation or solution deposition method andthe mobility was measured as a function of temperature and light power. The field-effect mo-bility (µ FET ) has a gate-voltage dependent activation energy. A non-monotonic temperature de-pendence was observed at high gate voltage (V G < -30 V) with activation energy E a ∼ 60 -170 meV,depending on the fabrication procedure. The gate-voltage dependent mobility and non-monotonic temperature dependence indicates that shallow traps play important role in the trans-port of TIPS-pentacene films. The current in the saturation regime as well as mobility increaseupon light illumination and is proportional to the light intensity, mainly due to the photocon-ductive response. Transistors with submicron channel length showed unsaturating current-voltagecharacteristics due to the short channel effect. Realization of simple circuits such as NOT(inverter),NOR, and NAND logic gates are demonstrated for thin film TIPS-pentacene transistors.


In this paper,when dealing with the unlimited resource leveling optimization of engineering,the PSO was applied.The particle swarm optimization whose coordinates were the actual start time of the activity was defined.Established anevaluation function who was able to reflect the relationship between the resource intensity and the actual start time of the activity directly.Based on the particle swarm optimization,searched the activity's actual start time of the best program by code design.Finally,the resource intensity obtained by initial program was more than three times higher than the particle swarm,the result of the genetic algorithm was 53.52% higher than the swarm algorithm according to the case analysis.Thusproving the feasibility and effectiveness of PSO in the unlimited resource leveling optimization.


ABSTRACT The literature on doctoral supervision is heavily informed by a focus on the individual and dyad, together with a self-help ethic of supervisory improvement. On the margins is a disparate literature taking a 'practice' perspective on doctoral supervision. But this literature is disconnected and lacking in some important features. This article's intention is to sharpen the focus and so to enhance the utility of a social practice theory lens. It refutes the idea that the practice perspective is inherently conservative, showing how a sharply focused lens can challenge assimilationism. The article first elaborates on the individualist approach and highlights differences with the practice approaches as already developed. It then sets out a social practice approach which builds on that existing literature. Finally, it applies this to the issue of colonialist assimilationism in doctoral supervision. The article is not directly based on empirical research, but instead uses existing literature to indicate ways in which a social practice approach might more effectively address the enhancement of doctoral supervision.


Stromal Derived Factor-1 (SDF-1) is a key regulator of engraftment. The clinical relevance of SDF-1 is suggested by the relation between in vitro migratory capacity of CD34-positive cells towards SDF-1 and engraftment after stem cell transplantation (SCT). For better insight in engraftment after SCT clarifying the determinants of SDF-1 is therefore important. We investigated SDF-1 responses after chemotherapy and irradiation of the murine stromal M210B4 cell line and in allogeneic SCT patients. SDF-1 protein levels were measured in conditioned medium (CM) of the M210B4 cell line, in peripheral blood plasma and bone marrow plasma by ELISA. The migration supportive capacity of CM was tested by allowing CD34-positive cells to migrate over fibronectin coated transwells for 4 hours. Furthermore, sdf- 1 gene expression was investigated by means of a quantitative PCR using mRNA from M210B4 cells or from buffy coats of peripheral blood and bone marrow cells. Both irradiation and cytarabine treatment of M210B4 cells resulted in a significant ~2-fold increase in SDF-1 levels and a significant ~1.5-fold increase in migration of CD34-positive cells. Changes in protein levels correlated with those of mRNA: both treatments resulted in a significant ~2-fold increase in SDF mRNA copies. In agreement with in vitro results, a significant ~3-fold increase in SDF-1 protein levels was induced by in vivo myeloablative and non-myeloablative conditioning regimens. The increase in SDF-1 was higher in BM plasma as compared to PB plasma, thereby significantly increasing BM-PB gradients (BM minus PB SDF-1 levels: 11.0±3.5 after versus 4.0±2.8 ng before conditioning). Corresponding with protein levels, sdf-1 mRNA increased in bone marrow cells of 4/5 patients (~40-fold increase, from 0.3±0.3% to 9.7±15.2% relative to GAPDH expression, n=4 of whom 2 received myeloablative and 2 non-myeloablative regimens). Wide ranges of increase in SDF-1 message (ranging from 0.26 to 104-fold increase) and protein levels (1.26 to 5.16-fold increase) were observed, which may be accounted for by differences in conditioning regimens. We conclude that generation of an SDF-1 gradient over the blood-bone marrow barrier by conditioning regimens plays a role in engraftment. The introduction of reduced intensity stem cell transplantations challenged the idea that sublethal conditioning is a prerequisite for engraftment by preparing vacant niches. Our observation that both non-myeloablative and myeloablative regimens result in an increase in SDF-1 gradient, can be proposed as an explanation. Interestingly, the variation in increase of SDF-1 after different conditioning regimens indicate that homing efficiency may be improved by reconsidering the optimal moment of stem cell infusion and the agents used in conditioning regimens.


Modeling and definition of procedures leading to a good estimation of power losses in electrical machines from materials test data still is a challenge. The materials used in this experiment are grain and non-grain oriented electrical steel. In this paper, Epstein frame is optimized for both materials and the data is presented based on 50 Hz. The leakage flux also investigated during power loss measurements at the corner and limb as well. Keywords—Core losses, Leakage Flux, etc


We explain modal processes in 2-D guided-mode resonance reflectors with subwavelength periods in terms of the mode structure of quasi-equivalent 1-D grating-based reflectors. The 1-D gratings are designed via a second-order effective-medium theory. The principal features in the reflection spectra of the 2-D devices show good quantitative agreement with the corresponding 1-D grating spectra for small modulation strength. Thereby, clear connections are established with the TE and TM modal states of a reflector. For reflectors made with silicon that has a high index of refraction, there is qualitative agreement between the 2-D spectra and the concomitant 1-D modal signatures. Two-dimensional reflectors with periodic rods and holes are treated. In both cases, it is found that the spectra are dominated by contributions from a single polarization state in the 1-D grating equivalent. The results and methods provided herein enable improved understanding of the physical properties of 2-D resonant reflectors and the related 2-D modulated devices, including photonic crystal slabs. Hence, this methodology facilitates the design of 2-D reflectors in general as is straightforwardly applied to device architectures, materials, and spectral regions beyond those treated here.


A statistical spoken dialog system must keep track of what the user wants at any point during a dialog. The system has the ability to disambiguate in the presence of errors by maintaining probability distributions over possible dialog states. This thesis demonstrates that discriminative probabilistic graphical models can significantly improve the performance of the task of dialog state tracking, namely, predicting a user's constraint that the user has specified so far during a dialog. One challenge for machine learning problems is when there is limited amount of available training data. In particular, learning for spoken dialog systems is hampered by the expense of collecting human-computer interactions. Insufficient training data can lead to overfitting with complex models and make the trained classifier vulnerable to unseen observations. In this thesis, parameter tying has been introduced as a new way to combat overfitting by learning generic weights on discriminative probabilistic graphical models. Each of the generic weights represents a group of parameters that share the same characteristic in discriminating between correct and incorrect labels. Essentially, the tied models ignore the specific identity of a value in the designed feature functions. With parameter tying, the learned model can generalize well to the unseen labels. Different variations of Conditional Random Fields (CRFs) are trained to perform the task of dialog state tracking. We also incorporate the detected user goal change information into the discriminative models to better capture the evolving user goals. With significantly


This paper proposes a number of reference designs using Texas Instruments ultra-low-power MSP430TM microcontrollers (MCUs). The industrial automation market is well established and continues to develop every year. This market is especially focused on integrating smart control and automation solutions with a strong focus on low-power, low-cost solutions. The MSP430 MCU family has many derivatives that meet these requirements and provide ample mixed signal capabilities for this market. By utilizing these capabilities, industrial automation application designs can be greatly simplified and improved. Integrating mixed signal capabilities on MSP430TM MCUs in industrial automation applications


The Phytoplankton Club of First Flight High School (FFHS), located on the Outer Banks of North Carolina, focuses on examining phytoplankton samples collected at two local piers. Participating students are active contributors to the NOAA Phytoplankton Monitoring Network and have twice been the first to detect and report blooms of Pseudo nitzschia, a diatom that produces domoic acid, a neurotoxin that can have a serious impact on human health. Phytoplankton samples are collected by towing a plankton net along each pier. Controlling the orientation of the mouth of the net during a tow, particularly during high wave conditions, is impractical. As a result, we cannot quantitatively assess samples. To overcome this limitation, we undertook the development of a tow frame that could stabilize the mouth of the net. This paper documents the development and future enhancement of the tow frame.


The utility model discloses a medical cooler for a human body, which is composed of a cooling body, a radiator, a peristaltic pump, a control circuit and a heat-sensitive probe, wherein the cooling body is a hollow cavity sandwiched structure and is connected with the radiator and the peristaltic pump through a guiding pipe to form a closed circulation loop which is filled with cooling transmitting mediums; the control circuit is connected to a driving pump to control the operating state of the driving pump; as a feedback signal source of the temperature of a human body, the heat-sensitive probe is connected to the signal terminal of the control circuit. The cooling body can be made into a flexible cushion with various geometric shapes, and can also be made into a hat or a coat used for cooling the corresponding site of a human body. The cooler achieves the function of automatically cooling a human body, and has simple structure and operation convenience. The utility model is suitable for a hospital to conduct the physical cooling treatment for patients.


VC was encapsulated in niosomes formed by glyceryl dilaurate via a ultrasound method.The preparation process was optimized by orthogonal experiment.The optimal conditions were found to be the ultrasound time 15min,the water temperature 0℃,the material and cholesterol ratio 2:1,the material and drug ratio 10:1.The highest entrapmention efficiency was 34.6%.The results showed that with self-made nonionic surfactant as raw material,nano drug carrier with good entrapmention efficiency and stability was obtained.Glyceryl dilaurate was a cheaply raw material and can be used in industrial production.


To investigate the mechanism for N–H bond activation by a transition metal, the reactions of Co+(3F,5F) with NH3 have been studied with complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF), multireference configuration interaction (MR-SDCI), and multireference many body perturbation theory (MRMP) wave functions, using both effective core potential and all-electron methods. Upon their initial approach, the reactants yield an ion–molecule complex, CoNH3+(3E,5A2,5A1), with retention of C3ν symmetry. The Co+=NH3 binding energies are estimated to be 49 (triplet) and 45 (quintet) kcal/mol. Subsequently, the N–H bond is activated, leading to an intermediate complex H–Co–NH2+ (C2ν symmetry), through a three-center transition state with an energy barrier of 56–60 (triplet) and 70–73 (quintet) kcal/mol. The energy of H–Co–NH2+, relative to that of CoNH3+, is estimated to be 60 to 61 (triplet) and 44 (quintet) kcal/mol. However, the highest levels of theory employed here (including dynamic correlation corrections) s...


[1] The high-resolution geoid and gravity maps derived from ERS-1 and Geosat satellite geodetic missions reveal a set of small-scale lineations on the flanks of slow to intermediate spreading mid-ocean ridges. Assuming that these lineations reflect the variations in crustal structure induced by mid-ocean ridge axial discontinuities, we use them to investigate how the discontinuities, and the segments they bound, appear, migrate, and disappear. We provide a synoptic description of the main characteristics of the crustal structure variations, as well as their evolution in time, over the flanks of the Mid-Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific-Antarctic Ridges. The second-order segment length does not appear to vary with the spreading rate for the slow to intermediate spreading ridges investigated here. The amplitude of the gravity signal associated with off-axis discontinuity traces increases with the obliquity of the ridge to spreading and decreases with spreading rate and with the proximity of a ridge section to a hot spot. The patterns of the gravity lineations appear to be very homogeneous over 500- to 1000-km-large corridors bounded by large fracture zones. Far from hot spots, corridors are characterized either by segments bounded by discontinuities migrating back and forth along the axis, implying a lifetime of 10–30 Myr for the segments, or by segments and discontinuities very stable in space and time, surviving for 40–50 Myr. Closer to hot spots, the segmentation is affected in two ways. First, segments tend to migrate along axis away from hot spots, or toward cold spots. Second, asymmetric spreading tends to keep sections of ridges closer to hot spots than normal spreading would. These observations support the hypothesis that ridge segmentation and its evolution are controlled by mantle dynamics. Our analysis provides observational constraints for further models of crustal production along ridges, which are presented in the companion paper by Rabinowicz and Briais [2002].


Measurements of the free running carrier envelope offset frequency (fceo) linewidth of a similariton based optical frequency comb show that the frequency noise of the laser is independent of net cavity dispersion.


SYNTHESIS 2008, No. 14, pp 2278–2282xx.xx.2008 Advanced online publication: 18.06.2008 DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1067142; Art ID: C00708SS © Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York Abstract: The asymmetric synthesis of jaspine B (pachastrissamine) using a (R)-proline-catalyzed enantioselective aldol reaction as key step is described. Jaspine B was synthesized from the commercially available and inexpensive 1-pentadecanal and the dihydroxyacetone equivalent 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxan-5-one in nine steps, good overall yield (23.6%) and excellent stereoselectivity (de >98%, ee = 95%).


This article presents the experimental results on deacetylation of a konjac glucomannan (KGM) powder with alkali in mechanochemical (MC) treatment by a dry vibrating mill. It is indicated that the acetyl group of the KGM powder could be removed by means of the MC method. In addition, some characteristics, such as gel rheology, particle size/conformation, water absorbency, and thermal behavior, of the deacetylated KGM are analyzed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008


enhancing our memory, perceiving "ghosts" in the urban landscape, and collecting inspirational stories from the past (p. 46). The authors call attention to members of indigenous cultures whose voices might be lost amid rapid urban change (p. 176). This book was supported by The Center for the Future of Places in Stockholm (Sweden). As a result, case studies from Sweden, Ireland, and Australia are highlighted. However, there are few examples provided for the United Kingdom and the United States. This is unfortunate because the current shape of sustainable communities appears to be reminiscent of the pioneering 19th-century guiding principles of Olmsted's suburban planning, Howard's Garden Cities concepts (mentioned on p. 181), and the new town movements in the first half of the 20th century. In many ways the approaches proposed in the book, such as promoting more walkable and bikeable neighborhoods linked by transit to a larger metropolis, are reminiscent of old wine in new bottles. However, concurrent with these designs was the legacy of Jacob Riis's photographs from his book How the Other Half Lives (1890), and the dramatic statements they made concerning the impoverished living conditions and the call for social reforms. The authors observe that we have not evolved from the research of Riis (p. 17). Wolfe and Haas call attention to these historical images and the consequences of such rapid neighborhood change through the use of urban diaries. Despite some shortcomings with the choice of places Wolfe and Haas describe, more importantly they advance the new tool, LEARN, and highlight the potential for equity planning to become more integral to the design and planning of sustainable communities. Bringing together equity planners with urban design and streetscape specialists involves a series of incremental steps. The thoughts and suggestions expressed by Wolfe and Haas can begin to provide the potential for creating these professional mergers and in the process provide attention to more than just physical design (p. 173).


IN his fascinating little book on "Life and Death Heredity and Evolution in Unicellular Organisms," Jennings lays iluch stress on the conclusions which Mlaupas drew from his now classical experiments with isolation cultures of ciliate infusoria. Jennings uses these conclusions to support Weismann's and his owil view that the primary effect of conjugation is to give rise to diverse stocks through inherited differences. In order to give effect to this interpretation he argues that in the majority of cases deterioration is probably due to faulty medium or methods and that natural death in ciliates amounts to infusoricide. "The real test lies in observing whether mating actually does remedy the degeneration. If it does not, the probability becomes strong that the degeneration is simply a pathological result of bad conditions. The evidence is becoming overwhelming that this is the case; that to avoid degeneration, it is merely necessary to avoid the bad conditions" (Jennings, 1921, p. 149). Furthermore, he holds that conjugation, except for the one case of Urole phts mobilis, does not have any appreciable effect in restoring vitality as measured by the division rate, i.e., it does not result in rejuvenescence. Maupas provides ample evidence for this point of view in the two long papers which he published in 1888 and 1889, and an astute investigator would find little difficulty in digging it out. All that is needed really is patience. Jennings recognizes this and expresses it as follows: "It is because Maupas 's papers, with their hundreds of pages of text filled with observational and experimental details, make hard reading, that it is possible for mistaken ideas of his results to become prevalent" (I.c., p. 146). But


12 Abstract: Throughout four seasons subsurface and bottom water samples were collected from the Eastern Harbor of Alexandria (EHA). Some chemical parameters; NH , NO , NO , PO , SiO , Ca and Mg were measured 4 2 3 4 2 and statistically analyzed in relation to the estimated most probable number (MPN) of the sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB). Statistical cluster analysis was performed to indicate the factor(s) affecting the anoxic conditions in EHA. The results indicated the annual distribution of SRB was mainly affected by NH in the bottom waters 4 and impacted by NH , NO and SiO in the subsurface waters. In autumn, the MPNs of SRB were affected by 42 2 NO then Mg, NH and SiO in the subsurface waters and affected by NO in the bottom waters. In winter, the 2 4 2 3 SRB was affected by the all measured chemical parameters in the subsurface waters and affected by Mg, NH4 and NO in the bottom waters. The lowest MPNs were obtained in January ranged from 0.9 X10 to 5.9 X10 3 22 MPN/ml in the subsurface waters and from 2.0 X10 to 7.4 X10 MPN/ml in the bottom waters. In spring, the SRB 22


We have built an 80-mega pixels (10240 ×8192) mosaic CCD camera, called Suprime-Cam, for the wide-field prime focus of the 8.2m Subaru telescope. Suprime-Cam covers a field of view 34 � ×27 � , a unique facility among the 8-10m class telescopes, with a resolution of 0. �� 202 per pixel. The focal plane consists of ten high-resistivity 2k ×4k CCDs developed by MIT Lincoln Laboratory, which are cooled by a large Stirling-cycle cooler. The CCD readout electronics was designed to be scalable, which allows the multiple read-out of tens of CCDs. It takes 50 seconds to readout entire arrays. We designed a filter-exchange mechanism of the jukebox type that can hold up to ten large filters (205 ×170 ×15mm 3 ). The wide-field corrector is basically a three-lens Wynne-type, but has a new type of atmospheric dispersion corrector. The corrector provides a flat focal plane and an un-vignetted field of view of 30 � in diameter. The achieved co-planarity of the focal array mosaic is smaller than 30 µm peak-to-peak, which realizes mostly the seeing limited image over the entire field. The median seeing in the Ic-band, measured over one year and ah alf, is 0. 61. The PSF anisotropy in Suprime-Cam images, estimated by stellar ellipticities, is about 2% under this median seeing condition. At the time of commissioning, Suprime-Cam had the largest survey speed, which is defined as the field of view multiplied by the primary mirror area of the telescope, among those cameras built for


In this research paper author have attempted to analyse the solvency aspect of growing sector of plastic industry of Gujarat (India) during 2001- 2010 by taking a sample of 15 public limited listed companies which are working in the Gujarat state region of India on the basis of different size, age ,area etc. Then the researchers have collected 10 years financial data of these 15 companies for the period 2001- 2010 and found out 02 composite ratios out of it. From all 02 ratios author have worked out composite ratios usingpaid-up capitalas weight and found out weighted mean of these ratios for 10 years. Researcher have applied Mann- Kendall Trend detection test to test the hypothesis. Debt-equity ratio had linear rising trend. Plastic industry in Gujarat was able to generate borrowed capital reasonably well. The plastic industry of Gujarat had poor ability to offer assured payment of interest to the lenders .Long term solvency strength of plastic industry of Gujarat is exposed to serious strain.


Heart failure (HF) is a chronic, debilitating disease resulting in over one million hospitalizations with an estimated 30.7 million dollars in total health care cost per year (Go et al., 2014). Evidence shows that HF education programs that promote adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological provider recommendations are effective in reducing 30-day HF recidivism rates, increasing self-care behavior, and decreasing adverse clinical events. The purpose of this evidence-based project was to implement the Heart Improvement Toolkit (HIT) Program which is a one-on-one, comprehensive HF-specific education program, for patients with a HF diagnosis who have been admitted to non-cardiac specialty units. Program evaluation included 30-day recidivism rates, adverse clinical events, and self-care behavior (SCB).


WHILE MANY of her leagues were taking courses in palliative care, Jackie lucas, then a haematology nurse, convinced a forward-thinking sister to let her continue her professional development by learning massage.


Abstract The development of batik is currently a serious problem in Grobogan Regency due to the lack of competitiveness of grobogan batik quality. The lack of attractiveness of the public to buy batik products led to a decrease in the amount of production. This research aims to analyze management in the development of Grobogan batik industry as an effort to empower the community and the factors that are the obstacles. This research uses qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques using interview, observation and documentation techniques. The research looked at the management component in the development of Grobogan batik industry as a community empowerment effort that includes planning, organizing, actuating, controlling owned by George R. Terry, and wilson's theory of empowerment process. The results showed that the management of the development of the Grobogan batik industry as an effort to empower the community in Grobogan Regency is good enough although still not maximal because of activities that only focus on monotonous coaching and lack of innovations that can attract more people to participate. The factors that influence are: weak public awareness, lack of community participation rate, lack of ability to use technology, traditional mindset of society, people still market batik products with conventional, and lack of public attraction so that there needs to be more opportunities for the community to increase participation, there is still a feeling of excessive sungkan and innovation and expansion of cooperation with the marketplace. The suggestions provided are: provide space and opportunities for the community in conveying aspirations, developing innovations by bringing professional speakers in sustainable seminars, providing market place training, conducting open surveillance reporting uploaded through the Disperindag web, as well as marketing Grobogan batik products, in tourist attractions. Keywords:


Family, marriage, and sex—although it seems to me that the sequence is uncertain—are naturally interrelated in life but not always so in art or, for that matter, in art history. While family and marriage have been much discussed in recent years by historians, they have received very little attention indeed from art historians. Sex, on the other hand, we have always had with us. And while all of one's work is self-referential to some extent, whether one is an artist or an historian of art, it may be that this psychological truth carries a particular danger when one is dealing with matters that are so intimate as family, marriage, and sex. Moreover, there is another issue involved when one is concerned with works of art, at least in the Renaissance or in any period when art was made for patrons, and that is precisely the presence of another psyche in the mixture, in addition to that of the artist himself and that of the historian-observer.


Through the use of electronic universal testing machine,metallographic microscope and scaning electron microscope,the influence of the trace of scandium on the cast microstructure and properties of cast Al-Si alloy was studied.The results show that the microstructure of cast Al-Si alloy has a significant change when scandium content is of 0.15%.When the scandium content is of 0.2%,the mechanical properties of cast Al-Si alloy have a maximum,and with the increasing of scandium content,the mechanical properties decrease gradually.


ABSTRACT: Based on an axisymmetric elastic model, a theoretical solution is obtained for a foundation improved by geosynthetic-encased columns (GEC). The expressions for stress, displacement, and hoop force of the geosynthetic, as well as stress ratio and improvement factor of the GEC composite foundation, are derived in detail. To validate the current analysis, a comparison with the solution proposed by Balaam and Booker is carried out. It is shown that the solution developed by Balaam and Booker confirms the presented solution for the case of an unreinforced column. Using the proposed method, the radial displacement and hoop force of the geosynthetic, which are affected by its stiffness, area replacement ratio and oedometric modulus ratio, are discussed. The results indicate that the main function of the geosynthetic is to provide sufficient lateral support to the columns. Decreasing the area replacement ratio is advantageous in maximising the confining effect of the geosynthetic. The oedometric modulus...


The chapter is focused on description of selected inherited
neuromuscular disorders, their causes, symptoms, diagnostics
and current and perspective therapy


At the present time some 55 million tonnes of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs) are produced each year in Europe (EU 15). These CCPs include combustion residues such as boiler slag, bottom ash and fly ash from different types of boilers as well as desulphurisation products such as spray dry absorption product and FGD gypsum. Out of this total production of 55 million tonnes of CCPs, the amount of coal ash produced is around 47 million tonnes while approximately 8 million tonnes are products obtained from flue gas desulphurisation processes. CCPs are mainly utilised in the building material industry, in civil engineering, in road construction, for construction work in underground coal mining as well as for recultivation and restoration purposes in open cast mining. The majority of CCPs are produced to meet the requirements of standards or other specifications with respect to utilisation in certain areas. The utilisation rate of CCPs differs across European countries depending upon local conditions in respect of issues such as legislation, taxes and climate. The establishment of markets for CCPs has evolved over several decades and has involved a considerable amount of product development and research. As new technologies have been introduced, such as Cleaner Coal Technology (CCT), the power industry has had to adapt by carrying out further development and research to establish both technically and environmentally acceptable utilisation options for CCPs. While much development work has been carried out at a national level, recent years have seen an increasing amount of co-operation between different countries. In Europe an organisation known as ECOBA, the European Association for Coal Combustion, ‥Products has facilitated this.


SUBCHAPTER I REGULATION OF NURSING 441.001 Definitions. 441.01 Board of nursing. 441.04 Requisites for examination as a registered nurse. 441.05 Examination for nurses. 441.06 Licensure; civil liability exemption. 441.07 Revocation. 441.08 Temporary permit. 441.10 Licensed practical nurses. 441.115 Exceptions; temporary practice. 441.12 Administration; nonaccredited schools. 441.13 Penalty. 441.15 Nurse−midwives. 441.16 Prescription privileges of nurses. SUBCHAPTER II NURSE LICENSURE COMP ACT 441.50 Nurse licensure compact.


Dendrobium officinale is a precious Chinese medicinal plant that is rich in polysaccharides, flavonoids, polyphenols, and other bioactive ingredients, and has a variety of biological activities. To explore the effects of D. officinale on the growth and metabolism of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, different concentrations (0, 10, 30, 50, and 100 g/L) of fresh D. officinale were added to the wort during the fermentation. The amount of yeast, alcohol content, reducing sugars, total acidity, pH, CO2 loss, and foam height were analyzed. Meanwhile, the glucose uptake, cell viability, key enzyme activity of yeast, total phenolics, antioxidant activity, volatile compounds, and consumer acceptance of brewed samples were also analyzed. The results showed that the growth and metabolism of yeast could be promoted by a suitable dosage of D. officinale but were inhibited at high dosage (100 g/L). The addition of D. officinale increased the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase, while the highest concentration of D. officinale (100 g/L) decreased the glucose uptake and cell activity of the yeast. The contents of total phenolics and esters, along with the scavenging activity against ABTS radicals, were increased, indicating that the antioxidant activity and aromatic characteristics of beer would be improved by the addition of D. officinale.


To study the geological environmental records of alpine-karst-type tufa deposits in the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, the calcareous tufa profile exposed by the "8.8" Jiuzhaigou earthquake was taken as the research object and combined with a field geological investigation. Further, the petrography, sedimentology, chronology, and elemental geochemistry of the calcareous tufa were studied and analyzed. The results show the following. (1) The Sparkling Lake calcareous tufa profile was deposited under the background of a warm and humid climate during the Holocene. The growth pattern follows a bottom-to-top deposition. (2) At 750 ± 30–300 ± 30 aB.P., the calcareous tufa layers were gray-black as a whole, and the changes in mineral composition and elemental geochemistry indicate a fluctuating upward trend for temperature and precipitation during this period. (3) The formation of two sets of black peat layers in the upper part of the tufa calcareous profile is due to the synergistic action of multiple factors caused by strong tectonic activity. In conclusion, the deposition mechanism of the calcareous tufa in Jiuzhaigou was controlled by paleoclimate hydrology and glaciation for a long time, while strong tectonic activity over a short period of time considerably changed the color, structure, element content, and mineral composition of the calcareous tufa.


Previous research has shown that mortgage foreclosures generate a negative externality on nearby house prices. In this paper, we conjecture that lenders with a larger share of a neighborhood's outstanding mortgages on their balance sheets internalize this externality and are thus more inclined to renegotiate defaulting loans. We provide evidence supporting this conjecture using zip code level data on house prices and foreclosures during the 2007-2009 U.S. housing market crisis. We find that zip codes with larger outstanding mortgage concentration experienced fewer foreclosures and smaller house prices declines. These findings are not driven by prior local economic conditions, mortgage securitization or ex-ante lenders characteristics, and hold within geographical areas exposed to common economic shocks, such as MSAs or counties. We also find that the concentration of outstanding mortgages matters more in zip codes of non-judicial states where foreclosure procedures are less costly.


A new variable-form segmented stem profile model is developed for lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) trees from the northern Rocky Mountains of the United States. I improved estimates of stem diameter by predicting two of the model coefficients with linear equations using a measure of tree form, defined as a ratio of dbh and total height. Additional improvements were obtained by fitting this model to individual national forest data sets. Other tree and environmental variables tested but found of little use in improving stem profile estimates were crown ratio, habitat series, elevation, slope percent, and aspect.


Books form an important part of human culture. They can be used to document, entertain, inform and instruct. Conventional approaches to book production have involved either manual or mechanical binding of sheets of paper in order to form an organised, structured, composite entity. New publication media now offer many alternative approaches to the creation of books and the ways in which they can be disseminated and used. This paper therefore discusses the growing importance of electronic publication. It then uses a case study to illustrate the influence that online books and other forms of electronic document might have on conventional publishing processes.


Domestic violence damages the mental health of women and is associated with low self-esteem and depression. In promoting actions to deal with this injury, there is the work of psychologists. This study aimed to understand the meaning of psychological support to women in situations of domestic violence within the Family Health Strategy. It was held interviews with 52 professionals working in health units in Santa Catatina, Brazil. The collection and analysis of data were based on Grounded Theory. Health professionals mean that women experience of domestic violence need psychological support and refer to the psychologist, considering them better prepared for the empowerment of women in order to break with the violence. However, complain about the limited number of psychologists, considering the demand in the community. Signals to the need to rethink health actions in the context of Primary Health Care, from the integration and intersectoral processes so that women needed psychological support for coping with domestic violence is ensured.


The properties of water-soluble vegetable and microbial polysaccharides, commonly used in oil fields, are reviewed. The influence of their structural diversities on aqueous solution properties is particularly emphasized. The most important requirements for candidates for water-soluble polymers for oil field additives are considered with regard to their function, fluid composition and working conditions. An additional stimulus for using biopolymers is their compatibility, environmental friendliness and possibilities for preparation from abundant, cheap and renewable natural resources using new chemical and biological processes.


The life history of A. pseudolongispinosus was studied, at five different constant temperatures to construct its life tables. The intrinsic rates of natural increase were 0.0936, 0.1425, 0.1970, 0.2748, and 0.2638; net reproductive rates: 21.20,26.76, 29.85, 33.11, and 28.21; and mean generation times: 32.63, 25.30, 17.24, 12.76 and 12.67 days at 18, 22, 26, 30 and 34℃, respectively. The durations of preoviposition, oviposition, postoviposition and adult longevity declined with increasing temperature, while the mean total and daily fecundity increased. Multiple mating was found to be necessary for the female adult to achieve the maximum fecundity. The female adult maintained the maximum predation during the 2nd-loth day after the first mating. The egg hatching of the predator at different relative humidities and temperatures were also studied. A 100% egg hatching was obtained at 100% RH. The crucial developmental period of the eggs to low relative humidity was on the verge of shell-breaking stage.


The invention discloses a multithread processing method. A dispatching thread acquires a request message; the dispatching thread determines a preset resource block required access according to parameters carried by the request message; and the dispatching thread sends and dispatches the request message to a processing thread corresponding to the resource block. The embodiment also provides a device corresponding to the multithread processing method, which avoids use and deadlock of resource blocks and improves response speed by distributing resources into resource blocks corresponding to the thread and dispatching a request to the thread corresponding to the resource block for processing through the dispatching thread.


Objective:
To analyze the incidence and influencing factors of postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery in the Guangming Project, and to recommend precautionary actions.

Methods:
In this retrospective study of cases from January 2004 to December 2016 in Jinhua Eye Hospital, we collected clinical data of cataract surgery patients who developed postoperative endophthalmitis. Then we analyzed the incidence, clinical features, and possible preventive measures. The effects of different surgical procedures and different perioperative management protocols were analyzed. The Fisher exactness test was used for statistical analysis.

Results:
Sixteen cases of postoperative endophthalmitis occurred after 20, 131 cataract surgeries during the study period; thus, the cumulative incidence was 0.079%. After 5, 371 cases of small incision extracapsular cataract extraction, there were two cases of postoperative endophthalmitis (0.037%). After 14, 760 cases of phacoemulsification, there were 14 cases of postoperative endophthalmitis (0.095%). There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis between the two surgical methods (P=0.265). There was also no difference in the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis between procedures in which the eyelashes were trimmed (incidence 0.121%) or not trimmed (incidence 0.062%, P=0.29). The incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis for patients using 0.5% povidone iodine to wash the conjunctival sac before surgery was 0.059%, while the incidence for patients not using the povidone wash was 0.174%, P=0.04). According to the description of the cause of the disease, we found that 4 cases of male patients have a clear incentive, accounting for 25%, of which one patient shampoo a day before the disease occurring; one patient dismantle the old wall of its own roof collapse one day before the disease occurring; One patient covered surgery eye by their own buied gauze; One patient droped the surgery eye only with one of the discharged medicine, and only once a day. There were no obvious causes in the remaining 12 patients. In addition, follow-up intravitreal surgery found that the clear corneal incision was oblique and poorly closed in two patients.

Conclusions:
The incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery is 0.079%. Pre-surgical washing of the conjunctival sac with 0.5% povidone iodine before the operation can reduce the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis. The incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis can probably be further reduced by providing patients with clear pre- and postoperative medical and behavioral instructions to ensure that medications are taken properly, and that inappropriate activities are avoided.

Key words:
endophthalmitis; phacoemulsification; cataract extraction; postoperative complications


The overall goal of this paper is to review and document the likely impacts of climate change on China's agricultural production, efforts that China might be able to make in reducing greenhouses gas emissions from agriculture.


Abstract The paper investigated learner attitudes to two major pronunciation models in EFL instruction at the university level: GB (General British) and GA (General American). It focused on four dimensions that are central to developing language attitudes: affective, linguistic, pragmatic and socio-cultural. Based on a survey conducted among 100 Polish students majoring in English (half of them trained in GB, the other half in GA), the study aimed to establish a hierarchy of these dimensions to determine which of them is/are key to shaping positive attitudes to the target variety. Of additional interest was how the students viewed the alternative pronunciation model. The study also sought to determine the degree of correlation between the aforementioned dimensions. The survey found that both varieties were assessed most favorably on the affective dimension. Overall, as the target variety, GB was rated more positively than GA; however, stronger correlations between the dimensions were observed among the GA learners.


The utility model provides audio key equipment, which comprises a shell, a circuit board, a switch circuit, a first signal transmission channel, a second signal transmission channel, a USB (universal serial bus) socket, an adaptor, a USB plug and an audio plug, wherein the circuit board, the switch circuit, the first signal transmission channel and the second signal transmission channel are arranged in the shell; the USB socket is arranged on the surface of the shell; one end of the USB socket is in two-way connection with the USB plug and the audio plug through the adaptor respectively, and the other end of the USB socket is in two-way connection with a first port of the switch circuit; a second port of the switch circuit is in two-way connection with the circuit board through the first signal transmission channel; a third port of the switch circuit is connected to the circuit board through the second signal transmission channel. The audio key equipment is provided with the USB plug and the audio plug, and has the advantages of wide application range and convenience for use.