Objective To compare the efficiency and safety of dezocine and morphine combined with flurbiprofen for gynecologic postoperative analgesia.Methods Ninty patients for elective hysterectomy,ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) Ⅰ - Ⅱ,were randomly divided into three groups,given postoperative intravenous analgesic pump:dezocine 50 mg + flurbiprofen 100 mg( Group D) ;morphine 50 mg + flurbiprofen 100 mg ( Group M) ;dezocine 25 mg + morphine 25 mg + flurbiprofen 100 mg ( Group DM ).Anesthesia were induced by midazolam,etomidate,fentanyl and cisatracurium,maintained with propofol and remifentanil.At 15 -30 min before the end of surgery,flurbiprofen 50 mg was given,if pain was not relieved statsifically,morphine 5mg/per time was given additionally.VAS Pain relief scores,Ramsay sedation Score,usage of morphine and side effects such as nausea,vomiting and itch of skin were recorded at 4,8,24,48 h after surgery.Results At 4,8,24 and 48 h after surgery,VAS score at sedation was ( 2.27 ± 0.64 ),( 2.17 ± 0.65 ),( 1.97 ± 0.67 ),and ( 1.60 ± 0.56) in Group D,and ( 2.50 ± 0.63 ),( 2.40 ± 0.62),( 2.20 ± 0.61 ) and ( 1.87 ± 0.57 ) in Group DM at sedation,which were all significantly low than those of ( 3.10 ± 0.76),( 3.00 ± 0.74 ),( 2.80 ± 0.71 )and (2.40 ±0.72)in Group M.At 4,8,24 and 48 h after surgery,VAS score at active was (3.10 ±0.76),(2.97 ±0.76),(2.70 ±0.84) and (2.17 ±0.70)in Group D,(3.43 ±0.63),(3.30 ±0.65),(3.03 ±0.76)and (2.43 ± 0.68 )in Group DM,which were all significantly lower than those of (4.13 ± 0.94),(3.93 ±1.05),(3.60 ± 1.05 ) and ( 3.03 ± 0.96 ) in Group M ( Ps < 0.05).And the VAS scores of Group DM was significantly higher than those of Group D.Sedation score at 48 h after surgery in group D was better than that in Group M ( x2 =4.812,P < 0.05 ),The side effects at 48 h after surgery was 26.7% in Group D,46.7% in Group DM and 80% in Group M,and there significant difference among these 3 groups (P < 0.05 ).Conclusion Compared to Morphine and or Morphine combined with Dezocine,Dezocine 50 mg + flumazenil 100 mg group is better to release the postoperative pain,and withless adverse effects.

Key words:
Postoperative analgesia;  Dezocine;  Morphine;  Hysterectomy


PurposeThis article aims to study a model of flame propagation in a nonhomogeneous medium with a p-Laplacian operator. The intention with such operator is to model the effects of slow and fast diffusion, that can appear in a nonhomogeneous media, depending on the pressure driven conditions. In addition, the authors introduce a general form in the reaction term, that introduces the flame chemical kinetics.Design/methodology/approachTo introduce the governing equations, the authors depart from previously reported models in flame propagation, but the authors consider a new modeling approach based on a p-Laplacian operator.FindingsThe authors provide evidences of regularity and uniqueness of solutions. Afterward, the authors introduce profiles of stationary solutions based on the definition of a Hamiltonian for the newly discussed model. Eventually, the authors obtain exponential profiles solutions with the help of a scaling, that transforms the model into a nonlinear Hamilton–Jacobi equation.Originality/valueThe new model has not been previously reported in the literature. The authors consider that the mathematical properties of a p-laplacian (in particular the property known as finite propagation) is of inherent interest to model pressure drive flames with slow or fast diffusion. Indeed, the authors' approach has the value of providing an operator that can fit better to model flame propagation. In addition, the authors introduce a general form of chemical kinetics, to make the authors' model further general.


We have developed a magnetron sputter coating method to continuously coat silica optical fibers with a dual layer coating of Inconel 625 alloy and platinum. The coating process is performed on-line as the fiber is drawn to minimize the rapid strength degradation of the silica due to attack by moisture in the air. Because of the modular design of the sputter equipment, the process is well suited for the deposition of a wide variety of metals and is readily adapted for scale-up. Multimode optical fibers were produced with coatings up to 0.5 microns in thickness consisting of an adhesion layer of Inconel and an outer layer of platinum. The coatings are adherent and remain mechanically intact after thermal cycling between room temperature and 2000 degree(s)F in vacuum. Approximate tensile strengths of 145 to 290 Kpse have been measured. These attributes make this sputter coated fiber a promising candidate for use in high temperature environments.


Matrix isolated infrared spectra of AgO2 in Ar matrices is presented and a normal coordinate analysis of AgO2 is performed. (AIP)


This report aims to contribute to the knowledge and characterization of grid generated
turbulence in a wind tunnel. It starts with a theory introduction to turbulence
where we bring together the classic approaches (Richardson-Kolmogorov
equilibrium cascade) and more recent research. The latter includes the nonequilibrium
dissipation law developed by [Valente and Vassilicos, 2011] and calculus
methods such as set forth by [Puga and LaRue, 2017]. The study is based on two
grids: an active grid in two different modes (open and random) and a regular
and irregular passive grids.
In terms of the means employed, the data is gathered using a hot-wire
anemometer which makes it possible to have a high time resolution even though
only one point and 1D turbulence is collected. In addition, the software used in
the mathematical processing is MATLAB.
The crucial parameters analyzed are the variations, the lengthscales (as
well as their interaction) and dissipation rate constants, both equilibrium and
nonequilibrium definitions. Some significant results have been found. In the first
place Kolmogorov hypotheses are justified to hold true. Furthermore, there are
some signs that the nonequilibrium law seems a plausible answer to some instabilities
perceived. Finally, the vertical profiles of the irregular grid clearly show
that the turbulence generated is inhomogeneous, which ushers in new lines of
investigation.


Nanofluids have many applications in industries since materials of nanometer size have unique thermo-physical properties. The term "nanofluid" has been foremost introduced by Choi [3]. Basically, nanofluids are solid-liquid composite materials consisting of solid nanoparticles (or nanofibers with sizes typically of 1-50 nm) suspended in liquid. Nanofluids have attracted great interest recently because of reports of greatly enhanced thermal properties. A small amount (< 1% volume fraction) of Cupper (Cu) nanoparticles or carbon nanotubes dispersed in ethylene glycol or oil is reported to increase the inherently poor thermal conductivity of the liquid by 40% and 150% respectively (Choi et al. [4])."Thus, the performance of heat transfer systems can be significantly improved if regular fluids are replaced by nanofluids. The interdisciplinary nature of nanofluid research presents a great opportunity for exploration and discovery at the frontiers of nanotechnology. A comprehensive study of heat transfer in nanofluids was made by Buongiorno and Hu [47], Kakac and Pramuanjaroenkij [45], Das and Choi [48], Wang Accepted for publication in Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics


Dopamine (DA) is a catecholamine neurotransmitter, which controls many physiological and psychological processes including reward, motivation, attention, and motor activity. Disruption of DA homeostasis has been implicated in a number of neurological diseases such as attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), schizophrenia, depression, addiction, and Parkinson's disease. The dopamine transporter (DAT) is a plasma membrane protein that functions to move extracellular dopamine back into presynaptic neurons and is the primary means by which DA is cleared from the extraneuronal space. DAT is also a site of action for psychostimulant drugs such as cocaine and amphetamines, as well as therapeutic drugs such as methylphenidate and bupropion that are used to treat ADHD and depression respectively. Studying DAT function and its regulatory elements is crucial to better understand the pathophysiology of dopaminergic disorders, and to identify and improve treatments for these disorders. DAT activity is controlled by post translational modifications including ubiquitination, palmitoylation and phosphorylation. Phosphorylation occurs on two domains within the DAT N‐terminus: a protein kinase C (PKC) domain at the distal end containing serine 7 within a serine cluster and a proline‐directed mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) site at threonine 53 proximal to transmembrane domain 1. We have recently developed an antibody that specifically recognizes pT53 DAT and have utilized this tool to further investigate the functional importance of DAT T53 phosphorylation using fluorescent immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy to determine subcellular localization of pT53 DAT in comparison with a pan antibody for total DAT (MAB16). Our preliminary results using two cell models (LLC‐PK1 and N27 neurons) expressing rat DAT suggest that pT53 DAT is found at the plasma membrane and extensively throughout the cytoplasm displaying a distinct and intense punctate pattern while fluorescence detected with the pan MAB16 antibody was most intense at the plasma membrane with some intracellular punctate staining. These initial studies create a foundation for additional studies that will include fluorescent subcellular markers and treatments that modulate DAT phosphorylation at threonine 53 which may further our understanding of the functional relevance of DAT phosphorylation at this site and provide potential insight for involvement of dysregulation of DAT phosphorylation in dopaminergic disorders.


Long waiting times for elective procedures outside the U.S. are often discussed in the health reform controversy. This study compared waiting times for several cardiovascular procedures as estimated by the directors of cardiac catheterization laboratories and cardiac surgery at …


The residual values of granular reactive rock phosphate (highly carbonate-substituted apatite from North Carolina, USA.), partially powdered low-reactive Queensland rock phosphate (low carbonate-substituted apatite from the Duchess deposit), and granular triple superphosphate were measured in 3 experiments on different lateritic soils in different climatic regions of south-western Australia (Gibson, South Bodallin, West Dale). Finely powdered calcined crandallite-millisite rock phosphate from Christmas Island (Calciphos) was included in one of the experiments. The fertilisers were applied once only in May 1984 and their residual value measured over 3 years (1984-1986) using yield and phosphorus content of the following species each year: experiment 1 (Gibson), barley in years 1 and 2 and oats in the third year; experiment 2 (South Bodallin), triticale in all 3 years; experiment 3 (West Dale), subterranean clover in years I and 2 followed by oats in year 3. Relative to triple superphosphate (TSP) applied each year, the effectiveness of superphosphate in year 1 (year of application) in the experiment at Gibson decreased by about 40% between years 1 and 2, and by a further 5% between years 2 and 3. The corresponding values for the experiment at South Bodallin were 75% and 5%, and at West Dale 50% and 25%. All rock phosphates were much less effective than TSP in year 1, being 5-30% as effective as TSP. Effectiveness of rock phosphates remained low over the 3 years, being 5-20% as effective as newly applied TSP. Although the effectiveness of TSP decreased, it continued to be 50% as effective as newly applied TSP after 3 years. Residual TSP and both freshly applied and residual rock phosphates did not support the same maximum yield as freshly applied TSP despite well defined yield plateaux being obtained in each case. At each harvest, the relationship between yield and phosphorus content of plants was similar for all fertilisers so that the smaller maximum DM and grain yield and reduced effectiveness of the rock phosphates were largely due to less phosphorus being taken up by plants.


Turkish modernization is seen as a development driven by innovations in the educational and military fields. The inability of the economic and political model of the Ottoman Empire to react to the new conditions imposed by the world system, as well as the shortcomings in the military field due to the inadequacy of modern techniques, led to the emergence of a new model of society from the end of the 18th century. In addition to the emergence of the concept of nation, as a result of the change brought about by the spirit of Enlightenment of the French Revolution, the industrial revolution that began in England and the Russian pressure, which manifested itself in the military plan, were the triggers for efforts to keep up with the times in different areas. In this context, a text published in English as early as 1892 by a Turkish writer (İbrahim Hakkı Bey) and the criticism of this text by an English writer (Hyde Clarke) are important to show Turkey's efforts to prove and explain its modernization and progress. These two texts are very informative as they show the British approach to topics such as education, administration, culture, finance and even the sultanate and caliphate. In this article, we will discuss the British approach to Turkish modernization through the article "Is Turkey Progressing?" published in the British press on Ottoman and Turkish modernization efforts and the debate it has sparked.


Overweight and obesity are major health problem in many part of the world and the incidence of these condition is increasing. Obesity significantly increases the risk of developing numerous medical conditions and overloading of lower limbs and foot. The goal of this study is answer to some main questions about the effect of overweight or obesity on the structure and function of children's feet. The study is also focused on finding existence of changes in the distribution of force in the sole during reduction of weight in obese children. The study was done in two spa facilities, which focus on treatment for overweight and obese children. At the beginning of the diet, dynamic pressures were measured between the foot and footwear insoles using a PEDAR system in a total of 110 obese children. Peak pressures, were then derived for six regions of insole's contact area. This was also repeated at the end of the five-week weight reduction program. Also recorded were age, weight, height and BMI. From the measured values, a matrix of correlation coefficients was generated, which enabled an extensive step analysis of factors. These confirmed that the average weight-loss over 5 kg were manifest in changes to foot pressure values on the insole of footwear under dynamic conditions. In all cases, a decrease in measured maximum pressure was successfully determined. In this study was also compared dynamic maximum pressures between 20 obese children and 21 non-obese. The obese children generated higher peak pressures in all anatomical areas expect medial toes compared to their non-obese counterparts. This means that children obesity significantly increases loading of children's feet but weight loss leads to a return to values comparable to the children's population with average BMI values.


This paper presents a study on the behaviour of the joints of segmental concrete bridges with external prestressing, focusing on the structural response of dry non-epoxied joints with shear keys. A Finite Element joint model to study such structures is validated modelling eight concrete panel tests. The most important feature of this model is that it has been validated with experimental tests on concrete panels which were specifically designed to fail in shear. Interface elements are used to reproduce the non linear behaviour of the joint and parameters deduced from the tests are used to define the constitutive law of these elements. This joint model is of great importance because it will permit the development of a structural model that faithfully reproduces the behaviour of these structures under combined flexure and shear and the study of its global behaviour after the opening of the joints. Interesting conclusions about the behaviour of the dry joints, about the contribution of the different mechanisms transferring shear (friction and cohesion) and about the shear stress distribution in the joint have been reached.


The relationship between carriage and the development of invasive meningococcal disease is not fully understood. We investigated the changes in meningococcal carriage in 892 military recruits in Finland during a nonepidemic period (July 2004 to January 2006) and characterized all of the oropharyngeal meningococcal isolates obtained ( n (cid:1) 215) by using phenotypic (serogrouping and serotyping) and genotypic ( porA typing and multilocus sequence typing) methods. For comparison, 84 invasive meningococcal disease strains isolated in Finland between January 2004 and February 2006 were also analyzed. The rate of meningococcal carriage was significantly higher at the end of military service than on arrival (18% versus 2.2%; P < 0.001). Seventy-four percent of serogroupable carriage isolates belonged to serogroup B, and 24% belonged to serogroup Y. Most carriage isolates belonged to the carriage-associated ST-60 clonal complex. However, 21.5% belonged to the hyperinvasive ST-41/44 clonal complex. Isolates belonging to the ST-23 clonal complex were cultured more often from oropharyngeal samples taken during the acute phase of respiratory infection than from samples taken at health examinations at the beginning and end of military service (odds ratio [OR], 6.7; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 2.7 to 16.4). The ST-32 clonal complex was associated with meningococcal disease (OR, 17.8; 95% CI, 3.8 to 81.2), while the ST-60 clonal complex was associated with carriage (OR, 10.7; 95% CI, 3.3 to 35.2). These findings point to the importance of meningococcal vaccination for military recruits and also to the need for an efficacious vaccine against serogroup B isolates. was assessed by the proportion of clonal genealogies exhibiting this grouping in the combined sample. This approach was applied inde-pendently to each of the carriage and disease isolate sets separately and in a combined isolate tree.


Capital structure is one of the essential decisions taken by the finance manager of a company in order to analyse the capital structure decision and determines the overall worth of capital through that we can measure the worth of the firm as well as the profitability of the firm. If firm wants to start a new business, they need huge number of revenues to in order to determine that the firm want to analyse their capital structure. The capital structure determinacy signifies indications that a firm possesses to ponder before preferring its capital structure. So, it is the duty of every firm to maximise its price/value and minimize its value of capital, whereas analysing its capital structure.


In this paper, with a high-intensity reinforced concrete frame structure as the prototype, the calculation of isolated structures is through mature finite element software or MIDAS / Gen to calculate and analyze the five structure models of the 8 degrees Area established as the original five-layer structure model. The results show that the use of steel or reinforced concrete in floor will increase the structural seismic response with the interlaminar shear and interlaminar displacement increase. And storey isolation structure's acceleration response is significantly less than that of the non-isolated structure.


. This study evaluated the building performance of a hypothetical elementary school classroom considering its annual energy consumption, daylight criteria, and adaptive thermal comfort in Lhokseumawe, Indonesia. Variations in building materials, construction, and horizontal shading features were evaluated for the most optimal design solution. The aim was to optimize the multi-performance criteria as an integrated sustainable design solution for a typical classroom in Indonesia. To achieve this objective, the study utilized a computational simulation method using Rhinoceros, Grasshopper , and Ladybug Tools platforms. The optimization was conducted with Galapagos , an engine based on a genetic algorithm. The results suggest that the optimal solution achieved 100% sDA 300/50% and more than 96% UDI 100-3000lx . The annual thermal comfort percentage was also increased to over 90%, while the energy consumption was reduced by 20% compared to the baseline design.


An oil composition which contains as an antioxidant a three component mixture comprising (a) phenol or a derivative thereof, (b) an amine or a derivative thereof, and (c) a triazole or a derivative thereof. The mixture provides improved antioxidant properties, especially for electrical insulating oils.


Double circuit lines are common for transmitting the electrical power in high voltage (HV) and/or medium voltage (MV) power system. During the faults in one of the lines or transformers of the double circuit lines, one line is disconnected from the system and the healthy line is utilized for supplying the entire load. In that case, the transformer supplying the entire load could be overloaded. For the safe operation of the transformer, it is needed to disconnect some of the loads. This partial disconnection of MV/HV power system can severally effect the performance of critical loads. Recently, power electronic based transformer equipped with effective control and communication called smart transformer (ST) has been proposed for installation in the distribution system in place of conventional transformer. One of the most important feature of ST is to allow for connection of ac and dc grid forming hybrid grid which allow easy integration of renewable energy sources and storage. Considering these feature of ST, this paper proposes a new functionality of the ST where it provides continuous power to a section of the loads during the partial disconnection of MV/HV power system and improves the performance of power system. This new feature of ST has been proved through power system computer aided design (PSCAD) software based simulation results. Power hardware in loop (PHIL) and control hardware in loop (CHIL) is under development to test the idea.


Active matter refers to a class of substances capable of autonomously moving by harnessing energy from their surrounding environment. These substances exhibit unique non-equilibrium phenomena, and hence have attracted great attention in the scientific community. Many active matters, such as bacteria, cells, micro-swimmers, and self-propelled colloidal particles, operate in viscous environment and their motions are usually described using overdamped models. Examples include overdamped active Brownian particle (ABP) model for self-propelled colloidal particles in solution and run-and-tumble (RTP) model for swimming bacteria. In recent years, increasing research studies have focused on the impact of inertia on the behavior of active matter. Vibrating robots, runners, flying insects, and micro-fliers are example active systems in the underdamped condition. The motion of these active matters can be modelled by underdamped Langevin equation, known as the active inertial particle (AIP) model. Previous studies have demonstrated that, similar to ABP systems, motility-induced phase separation (MIPS) phenomena also happen in AIP systems under certain density conditions. However, due to the strong collision-and-rebound effect, aggregation of AIP particles and hence the MIPS are impeded. In complex living/application environments, mixture of different active agents is often seen. Some studies on mixed systems of active matter show that the composition is an important quantity, influencing the phase separation phenomena. In this paper, we study the phase separation phenomena in mixed systems composed of low- and high-inertia active particles by underdamped Langevin dynamics simulations. We find that, compared to single-component system, the mixed systems are unexpectedly more favorable for the occurrence of phase separation at moderate overall concentration and certain range of component fraction, while more unfavorable for phase separation at high overall concentration. The underlying mechanism is that the presence of a small amount of the high-inertia particles could accelerate the motion of the low-inertia particles, and hence facilitate their aggregation and promote the phase separation. However, when the fraction of the high-inertia particles is large, frequent elastic collisions would disturb the aggregation of the low-inertia particles and suppress the occurrence of phase separation. Our results provide new sights into the collective behavior of active materials and also a reference for their design and applications.


As we are moving in a World of advancement, so the security is the major concern in order to keep data isolate from the unauthorised users to access. In today's World, we need high degree security system for the protection of our document, important data, as well as memory and jewellery. This review paper presents a secure fingerprint locker which is feasible. This system is proved successful on all norms of security of lockers. There are other methods of verifying authentication through password, RFID but this method is most efficient and reliable. To provide perfect security to the lockers and to make the work easier, this project is taking help of two different technologies, i.e. Embedded System and Biometrics. Biometrics is basically the measurement and use of unique characteristics of living beings to make them distinguish from one another. And this is more reliable then passwords and tokens which can be lost or stolen by the humans. In this paper we are providing the work done on this technique.


This year's RCM conference promises, as ever, to be the premier event on the midwifery calendar. The theme of the 124th Annual Conference is 'Where now for midwives?'


A capacitive sensor comprising: an emitter electrode, which is configured to provide an alternating electric field to the sensor; one or more receiving electrodes, for detecting variation of the alternating electric field; and adaptive frequency adjustment unit configured to respond to detecting noise metrics (e.g., noise power) adjusting the operating frequency of the alternating electric field.


We propose an extremum seeking (ES) based algorithm for reference tracking and stabilization of unstable discrete-time systems with unknown control directions. The probing signal is a martingale difference sequence (m.d.s.) with a vanishing variance. It is proved that almost surely (a.s.) the input and output signals are uniformly bounded, and the tracking error converges to zero. It is also shown that (a.s.) the parameter estimates converge toward their true values. This shows that the proposed algorithm can also perform identification of open-loop unstable systems with unknown control directions.


Stevia rebaudiana plant were obtained from Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala and was grown under protective conditions. The flora of presidency of Madras (Gamble,1935) and the Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic (Matthew,1983) were used for identification and authentication of the plants. The leaves are collected and washed thoroughly in running tap water and rinsed in distilled water and dried under shade. After drying, the leaves were powdered using mixer grinder and then kept in well closed container. ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 4 Number 3 (2015) pp. 344-347 http://www.ijcmas.com


Talent management of academics is becoming a central management challenge as it becomes more difficult to retain key and competent staff. The main objective of this research was to determine the job demands and job resources of academic staff (N=146) that can have an impact on their talent management in South African higher education institutions. The results showed that academics experienced high job demands compared to the availability of job resources. The results also showed that white ethnic groups, associate professors, older academics and academics working for longer hours a week experienced significant higher job demands than their counterparts. Recommendations are made. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p2033


A beautiful smile is often considered to have an important role on people's lives, since it contributes to self-confidence and social relationships. Therefore, dental discrepancies such as conoid teeth could affect negatively one's life and, as long as the patient desires, intervention should take place. Conoid teeth have significant alterations of basic anatomy, size and shape, which lead to a non-proportional smile. This case report regards to a reshape of a conoid lateral incisor, using direct composites, in order to help the orthodontic work. The chosen technique to provide this reshape was developed by the Styleitaliano® group, in order to simplify the restorative steps, using only three composite shades (one for dentin, one for enamel and one for optical effect). This case report emphasizes that different dentistry areas, such as Cosmetic Dentistry and Orthodontics must perform together in order to achieve good results, especially in cases that require shape changes.


Aim: To date, limited data exists on 1-year mortality and associated factors in patients with coronavirus diseases-2019 (COVID-19). We determined risk factors and predictors of 1-year mortality. Method(s): In this retrospective and single-center study, hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were enrolled between March 11 and March 11, 2020. The primary outcome was 1-year all-cause mortality after discharge from the hospital. Secondary outcomes were the risk factors and predictors of 1-year mortality. A comparative analysis was applied to patients who died after recovering from acute COVID-19 and patients who survived. Result(s): A total of 567 patients were analyzed. The 1-year mortality occurred in 18 (3.2%) patients. Older age (p=0.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p=0.001), chronic artery disease (p=0.001), chronic renal failure (p=0.001), presence of pleural fluid (p=0.001), high levels of leukocyte (p=0.001), neutrophil (p=0.001), monocyte (p=0.026), C-reactive protein (p=0.042), procalcitonin (p=0.004), urea (p=0.001), creatinine (p=0.001), troponin (p=0.001), lactate dehydrogenase (p=0.019), potassium (p=0.003), and a low level of alanine aminotransferase (p=0.001) at the first admission were associated with increased long-term mortality. Additionally, the need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission (p=0.007) and invasive ventilation (p=0.019) during the hospital stay for COVID-19 were associated with increased 1-year mortality. Conclusion(s): This study suggests that age, underlying diseases, pleural fluid, certain laboratory parameters, and ICU care are somewhat associated with 1-year mortality. Copyright © 2022 by The Medical Bulletin of Istanbul Haseki Training and Research Hospital The Medical Bulletin of Haseki published by Galenos Yayinevi.


A simple, efficient optimization algorithm based on space mapping (SM) is presented. It utilizes input SM to reduce the misalignment between the coarse and fine models of the optimized object over a region of interest, and output space mapping (OSM) to ensure matching of response and first-order derivatives between the mapped coarse model and the fine model at the current iteration point. We also consider an enhanced version in which the input SM coefficients are frequency dependent. The performance of our new algorithms is comparable with the recently published SMIS algorithm when applied to a benchmark problem. In comparison with SMIS, the models presented are simple and have a small number of parameters that need to be extracted. The new algorithm is applied to the optimization of a coupled-line band-pass filter


In the present study, the microstructure and the mechanical properties of GTD-111 nickel-based superalloy were investigated. The alloy was in service as the GE-MS9001 gas turbine 1st stage rotating blade for 105,000 hours at a temperature between 950 to 1000 °C. Two sets of samples were extracted from the airfoil and the root of the blade. Then, they were compared for the microstructural and the mechanical properties changes after the high temperature service. Stress-rupture and Charpy V-notch (CVN) tests were conducted on the samples at 871 °C and two temperatures of 25 and 900 °C, respectively. The microstructure and the fracture surface of the samples were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed degradation in the microstructure and the mechanical properties of the airfoil compared to those of the root due to the long-term service at elevated temperatures. The loss in mechanical properties was due to the coarsening of γ' precipitates and the formation of brittle phases in the grain boundaries.


Abstract:  Local science-based learning is the creation of a learning environment and the design of a learning experience that integrates the potential of the region as part of the learning process whereby an integrated local potential is linked to science . Learning is done by linking the concept of animal structure structure and development with local potency which is in C irebon region. This research is conducted because the students' ability in caring, honesty, cooperation and responsibility with local potential that developed in society is still low . This purpose of this research was to identify, there is any difference in living values (honesty, cooperation, and responsibility) between students learning to use local potential based and local potency-based learning tools in Biology education IAIN S y ekh Nurjati Cirebon; how effectiveness improvement of living values (honesty, cooperation, and responsibility) through learning based on local potency of turtle belawa in weak area of brother in Tadris Biology IAIN Syekh Nurjati, research method used in the form of quasi experiment, that is control-group pre-test post-test design. The research instruments used are: questionnaire and observation sheet. The analysis used included normality test, homogeneity test, and different test . The results showed that ) there are differences in the living values of honesty and student cooperation in the third semester of animal structure and development, learning by using local potential learning tools and learning without using local potential based learning . This can be seen from the significance value (p <0,05), that is 0,0 15 (honesty) and 0,03 (cooperation). And there is a difference of responsibility between students learning to use local potential-based learning tools with students studying without such devices with significance levels (p <0.05), ie 0.008. (2) Improving the living values of honesty and cooperation through potency-based biology learning more effectively applied to students of Biology IAIN Sheikh Nurjati Cirebon. Keywords: learning innovation, local potency of turtle belawa ( Amyda cartilaginea ) , living value.


Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most prevalent primary cancer of the liver globally and is responsible for the majority of cancer-related fatalities. The purpose of the research was to establish the frequency of enhanced cd34 expression in sinusoid-like vascular endothelial cells in Hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: CMH Multan's Department of Histopathology carried out a cross-sectional study. Histochemical staining was performed. Before beginning the staining technique, sections were washed in phosphate buffer saline for 5 minutes. The usual immunohistochemistry staining method - Avidin Biotin Complex Method - was employed following hospital protocols. Results: 85 (67.5%) male and 41 (32.5%) female patients were among the 126 studied cases. 54 (42.9%) were from rural areas, while 72 (57.1%) were from urban areas. Diabetes was prevalent in 43 (34.1%), and smoking was found in 10 (7.9%). Obesity was found in 18 (14.3%), and hypertension was identified in 74 (58.7%). Only 5 (4.0%) of our research's cases had a family history of HCC. Enhanced cd34 expression was noted in 106 (84.1%). Conclusion: There found a very high frequency of enhanced cd34 expression of sinusoid-like vascular endothelial cells in HCC. The enhanced cd34 presentation can aid in the early recognition of HCC and the proper care of these patients to improve their quality of life. Keywords: Enhanced Expression, Hepatocellular carcinoma, cd34, Risk factors.


Chemodynamic therapy (CDT), enabling selective therapeutic effects and low side effect, attracts increasing attention in recent years. However, limited intracellular content of H2O2 and acid at the tumor site restrains the lasting Fenton reaction and thus the anticancer efficacy of CDT. Herein, a nanoscale Co–ferrocene metal–organic framework (Co‐Fc NMOF) with high Fenton activity is synthesized and combined with glucose oxidase (GOx) to construct a cascade enzymatic/Fenton catalytic platform (Co‐Fc@GOx) for enhanced tumor treatment. In this system, Co‐Fc NMOF not only acts as a versatile and effective delivery cargo of GOx molecules to modulate the reaction conditions, but also possesses excellent Fenton effect for the generation of highly toxic •OH. In the tumor microenvironment, GOx delivered by Co‐Fc NMOF catalyzes endogenous glucose to gluconic acid and H2O2. The intracellular acidity and the on‐site content of H2O2 are consequently promoted, which in turn favors the Fenton reaction of Co‐Fc NMOF and enhances the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Both in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that this cascade enzymatic/Fenton catalytic reaction triggered by Co‐Fc@GOx nanozyme enables remarkable anticancer properties.


Approximate computing techniques are often used to improve the performance of applications that can tolerate some amount of impurity in the calculations or data. In the context of embedded and mobile systems, a broad number of applications have exploited approximation techniques to improve performance and overcome the limited capabilities of the hardware. On such systems, even small performance improvements can be sufficient to meet scheduled requirements such as hard real-time deadlines. We study the approximation of memory-bound applications on mobile GPUs using kernel perforation, an approximation technique that exploits the availability of fast GPU local memory to provide high performance with more accurate results. Using this approximation technique, we approximated six applications and evaluated them on two mobile GPU architectures with very different memory layouts: a Qualcomm Adreno 506 and an ARM Mali T860 MP2. Results show that, even when the local memory is not mapped to dedicated fast memory in hardware, kernel perforation is still capable of $1.25\times$ speedup because of improved memory layout and caching effects. Mobile GPUs with local memory show a speedup of up to $1.38\times$.


Although the notion of archetypes have a long history in the psychological literature, the notion of prejudice archetypes for different categories of workers, based upon unique combinations of individuals' tripartite of intergroup demography, including age, sex, and communal affiliation, is a new development. The current study aims to test the absence or presence of prejudice archetypes and further examine whether particular demographic categorical combinations will lead to different patterns of work outcomes for members of different age-related demographic subgroups. Across four studies (N = 963), including both lab and field studies, and including two distinct societal cultures, the US and Turkey, results found support for the notion that different demographic combinations result in different stereotype sets (i.e., archetypes). All of the posited archetypes found at least some support, excepting that of older white males, where results seemed most obfuscated (Studies 1 and 2). The interactive effects of...


Processing faces accurately and efficiently is a key capability of humans and other animals that engage in sophisticated social tasks. Recent studies reported a decoupled coding for faces in the primate inferotemporal cortex, with two separate neural populations coding for the geometric position of (uniformed) facial landmarks and for the image texture at fixed landmark positions, respectively. Here, we formally assess the efficiency of this decoupled coding by appealing to the information-theoretic notion of description length, which quantifies the amount of information that is saved when encoding novel facial images, with a given precision. We show that despite decoupled coding encodes two sets of (shape and texture) coordinates, it is more efficient (i.e., yields more information compression) than the widely used eigenface method, which only requires encoding the original facial images. The advantage of decoupled coding over eigenface coding increases with image resolution and is especially prominent when coding variants of training set images that only differ in facial expressions. Moreover, we demonstrate that decoupled coding entails better performance in three different tasks: the representation of facial images, the (daydream) sampling of novel facial images, and the recognition of facial identities and gender. In summary, our study provides a first principle perspective on the efficiency and accuracy of the decoupled coding of facial stimuli reported in the primate inferotemporal cortex.


INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by the loss of articular cartilage. Previous studies have shown that matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a significant role in the degradation (1). Collagen type II degraded peptides and proteoglycan monomers were previously detected in OA synovial fluids (2). Acute knee injuries have been associated with the subsequent development of OA (3). Our objective is to compare patterns of CII peptide release among traumatic synovitis, OA, and normal synovial fluid groups using a novel CII specific sandwich ELISA assay in order to understand the biochemical processes that may lead to the development of posttraumatic secondary osteoarthritis. Patients Non-infectious synovitis patient group (48 patients) suffered an injury ranging from the same day to two weeks and a pain severity from mild to severe. Osteoarthritis patient group (72 patients, 54% female and 46% males) with an average age = 74 and a Noyes criteria grade III or IV OA. Normal human synovial fluids were obtained from human subjects post-mortem following fatal accidents that showed no signs of gross degenerative joint disease. METHODS Synovial Fluid Hyaluronidase Treatment: Synovial fluid samples were treated with 5mM EDTA and centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 15 minutes to remove cells, aliquoted and stored at –20C. Aliquots were thawed prior to use. At 56C, 200 μl synovial fluid and 200 μl hyaluronidase (50 units in 1 ml PBS) were incubated for 40 minutes and subsequently at 80C for 20 minutes. The hyaluronidase-treated synovial fluid was centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 20 minutes and the supernatant was transferred to an EDTA-containing centrifuge tube. Sandwich ELISA: Two CII specific monoclonal antibodies, 18:6:D6 and 14:7:D8 were developed and used in the assay. Micro titer plates were coated with a 1:500 dilution of 18:6:D6 antibody in PBS overnight. Each well received 100 μl of the antibody solution. Hyaluronidase-pretreated synovial fluid samples (serial dilutions in PBS-Tween 20), cyanogen bromide cleaved collagen II spiked synovial fluid samples and standards (different dilutions of cyanogens bromide cleaved collagen II peptides) were incubated on the pre-coated micro titer plates for 60 minutes at room temperature. Antibody 14: 7: D8 conjugated with peroxidase in PBS-Tween, 1: 1000 dilution, was subsequently added for 60 minutes at room temperature. Pierce QuantaBlu fluorescence substrate developing solution (100 μl) was added for 60 minutes and the fluorescence was measured at an excitation wavelength 330 nm and an emission wavelength 460 nm. Total SGAG: Sulfated GAG released to the synovial fluid was quantified with the DMMB binding assay. 5-D-4 Levels: 5-D-4 epitope levels were quantified using 5-D-4 antibody and chondroitinase ABC-digested proteoglycan monomers as standards. Total Protein: Protein levels were quantified by BCA assay. Hyaluronic Acid: HA was determined by the carbazole method for uronic acid (4). RESULTS The results of ELISA assays indicate that 74% of non-infectious synovitis synovial fluids had detectable quantities of CII degradation peptides compared to 90% in OA samples, while normal samples had undetectable levels. There were significantly higher levels of CII degradation peptides (P<0.005) in the synovial fluids of non-infectious synovitis compared to osteoarthritic patients. Two synovial fluid markers were also quantified, hyaluronic acid and total protein levels. Hyaluronic acid levels showed no significant difference (α=0.05) between the two patient groups. Total protein levels were significantly higher in non-infectious synovitis (p<0.005) compared to OA samples. When CII levels were normalized to total protein levels, the significant elevation in non-infectious synovitis compared to osteoarthritis (P<0.005) was still apparent (Fig. 1). 5-D-4 epitope levels in OA were significantly higher (P<0.005) than non-infectious synovitis leve ls, indicating that enzymatic degradation of proteoglycans is more pronounced in osteoarthritis conditions. This is supported by our measurements of total sulfated GAG, which indicates that GAG levels in OA synovial fluids are significantly higher (p<0.005) than synovitis synovial fluids.


Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is identified in approximately 27% of healthy individuals undergoing routine autopsy and in 25% of the general population on transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). PFO generally considered benign, but has been associated with stroke, migraine and diving decompression sickness. We presented a 49-year-old woman in which a thrombus was entrapped in a patent foramen ovale


This paper discusses the three characteristics of basketball training of home and away season by used the literature data method and combined with own experience.To analyze the training model of basketball home and away season from the content,method,load characteristics,regulating the form and refresher training of basketball competition and provide the reference for basketball competition and training.


Adult higher education,which has many types,flexible forms,diverse specifications,various methods and students with socialized experience,is an important part of the higher education.It has devoted to cultivating a large number of talented persons in the past thirty years since the reform and opening.With the development of the society,as long as adult higher education focuses on the layout,educational objective,and training model,it will be the main force to construct the life-long education system,and facilitate the process of learning society in China and make positive contribution to talent structure of our country.


Space charge accumulation in the insulation is considered to be a bottleneck for further improvement of the HVDC cable voltage level. In this paper, CB/LDPE composites with a small doping content (0.03 wt%) were fabricated by using the melt blending method. Space charge characteristics of LDPE and CB/LDPE films were measured at different temperatures by pulsed electro-acoustic method, and the trap characteristics were measured by thermally stimulated current method for both films. Electric field distortion rate and the value of trap level were calculated. Experimental results indicate that, the space charge accumulation and electric field distortion at different temperatures in CB/LDPE films were obviously improved compared with the LDPE films, which is more pronounced at high temperatures. Deep traps introduced by CB nanoparticles is considered to be the key to suppress space charge injection, which is of great significance for further research and development of HVDC cable insulation materials.


Objective:To study the efficacy by using locking plates in distal radius comminuted fractures.Methods: 52 patients with distal radius comminuted fracture were retrospectively studied in the research,and the 52 patients adopted open reduction and fixation with locking plates in our hospital.Results: The excellent rate was 92.3% according to Dinest evaluation standard.Conclusion: The locking plate treatment is a better choice for distal radius comminuted fractures because the function of wrist is well recovered after the surgery.


Pearltrees is a social service, using which people can organise Web contents, photos and notes. These contents are the "pearls" on some trees. Besides the social opportunities, the trees can be used as a tool to organise references and for content curation. However, they can be helpful for teaching purposes too.


Firms in South Korea and Japan are designing and introducing new products to global markets, contributing to their strong export-led economic growth. To better understand how Korean and Japanese firms are succeeding, the authors conducted a study on new product development. They surveyed product developers in both countries about how strategic, organizational, and process factors influence new product performance (NPP). The authors learned that the determinants of NPP are interrelated and that the new product development process itself is central, namely the stages of initiation and implementation. These two stages directly determine NPP, though initiation appears to be more important. The stages are strengthened by factors such as customer orientation, cross-functional integration, and new product team proficiency; however, the effects are not uniform. Although the model and hypotheses are largely supported, indicating that, in general, they describe South Korean and Japanese new product development, the authors found a few differences between the countries.


While improvements in equipment and sampling methods have enabled collection of better quality samples of soft clays for more reliable engineering design and performance prediction, current sample quality assessment methods typically require destructive laboratory testing performed long after samples are taken. This paper describes a nondestructive technique for sample quality assessment of soft clays using shear wave velocity. A portable bender element device was used to measure shear wave velocity ( Vvh ) in the field immediately following collection of Sherbrooke block, tube, and split spoon samples of Boston blue clay. Vvh values were compared to in situ values from seismic piezocone ( VSCPTU ) tests. The ratio Vvh ∕ VSCPTU was compared with results from a conventional, laboratory-based assessment method. Results indicate a consistent correlation between laboratory-based methods and the Vvh ∕ VSCPTU ratio, which ranges from Vvh ∕ VSCPTU =0.77 for the block samples to 0.28 for split spoon samples. The ...


Means for replacing optical elements in optical paths of optical devices comprising - a receiving device (7) for a selected, posed in the beam path of an optical element, provided with means for its positioning in a defined, its correct function guaranteeing working position, wherein the means for positioning of the optical element are carried out in the receiving device as a - an optical axis of the beam path encompassing annular cutting edge (11), wherein the optical element is oriented at rest on the annular cutting edge (11), or as - three-point support, wherein the optical element is arranged on three radially symmetrical to the optical axis of the beam path in supporting contact points (8) is aligned, or - three-point contact, wherein said optical element in engagement with three radially arranged symmetrically to the optical axis of the beam path contact points (26) is aligned, and - rest or the optical elements with a tracking force in the range of 0.05 to 0.15 Newton Newton on the cutting ring (11) or the three-point support (8) - abutting the optical elements with a contact force in the range of 0.05 to 0.15 Newton Newton between the radially arranged symmetrically to the optical axis of the beam path contact points (26) - at least one holding device (9) for holding a further optical element in a standby position outside the beam path, and - feed means for feeding the optical elements from the standby position to the working position and vice versa as well as for aligning and holding the selected optical element in the working position.


Never before have Virtual and Augmented Realities been so affordable allowing their application in so many new situations; however, this implies specific skills that are not usually acquired in core courses in Computer Science/Engineering study programs. Thus, specific courses introducing the basics on these technologies seem to be most relevant. With this panel we intend to foster the discussion concerning what should an introductory course on Virtual/Augmented Reality be as of 2017. A review of the courses described in literature is presented as well as guidelines issued by scientific/professional associations concerning a basic Virtual Reality course. A set of relevant aspects to be considered when organizing a course is identified.


Given a design problem in the context of biologically inspired design, most designers search for natural language documents describing biological cases on the internet, and then construct an understanding of the biological cases for potential transfer to the design problem. IBID is an interactive tool for extracting knowledge of the function, structure, and causal mechanisms of a biological system from its natural language description and organizing this knowledge as a Structure-BehaviorFunction model. In this article, we briefly describe how IBID extracts structural knowledge about biological systems from natural language texts and uses the structural knowledge for accessing biology articles relevant to a design problem.


This paper addresses the past, present and future of fixed election dates in Canada. It examines the motivations that led to the introduction of fixed election date legislation in the relevant provincial and federal jurisdictions. It argues that fixed election date legislation grew out of the response to the malaise that we have come to term "the democratic deficit." Next, it examines the current operation of fixed election date legislation both federally and provincially. Finally, the paper turns to the future prospects for fixed election date legislation in Canada. Here, I analyze the legal, political and practical issues surrounding their implementation. I conclude that if fixed election date laws are to have their desired effect, they will produce a transfer of power from the first Minister to the Lieutenant Governors or the Governor General, as the case may be. This raises a host of subsidiary issues that may be detrimental to the relationship between these offices. I conclude by explaining why I think fixed election date legislation is injurious to Canadian democracy and should be repealed.


. Ultracold atomic gases have proven to be remarkable model systems for exploring quantum mechanical phenomena. Experimental work on gases of fermionic atoms in particular has seen large recent progress including the attainment of so-called Fermi condensates. In this article we will discuss this recent development and the unique control over interparticle interactions that made it possible.


A titanium-matrix-composite (TMC) hat-stiffened panel of 61 cm sq area and 3.175 cm thick was nondestructively tested to 649 C to examine its buckling characteristics. Compressive loads were applied to the panel in a 978.6 kN uniaxial load frame system. High-temperature testing was performed using quartz lamp heating. A single-strain-age force/stiffness buckling prediction technique was developed to predict panel buckling loads. For the monolithic panel, these test predictions correlated within 10 percent with a finite-element buckling analyses performed elsewhere. Comparisons between force/stiffness predictions and analyses for the TMC panel are in progress.


In this paper we introduce the Societal Holistic Design Platform (HDP) under uncertainty for sustainable and resilient building design. The integration of classical Risk Analysis, Stochastic Dynamics, Structural Health Monitoring, multicriteria Decision Making, Artificial Intelligence and IoT, gives rise to an innovative Cyber-Physical System under uncertainty centered around humans. The potential of the platform is presented through developed applications. Although the HDP is here applied to a building, it can be easily extended to any system of civil engineering. The proposed platform aims to lead the paradigm shift from the existing notion of Smart City to Resilient Engaged Community, targetting the sustainable development of the urban communities


A substitution-inert OH group has facilitated the isolation of the first hydrolysis product of trans-diamminedichloroplatinum(II); the crystal structure of trans-[PtCl(OH)(NH3)2]·H2O has been determined.


The cost of water to Gauteng has continued to increase over time owing to new sources being more remote and due to cost inflation. The savings due to increased scale of supply and improved technology have been dwarfed. Methods of minimising the cost of water conveyance and distribution are discussed. Factors affecting the cost are documented and guides for supply engineers are given. The possibility of lower marginal costs being exploited for poorer sectors of the population is mentioned but demand management and pricing policy are not covered.


This paper presents a sliding mode synchronization controller (SMSC) based on extended state observer (ESO) for the dual-drive system in gantry-type machine tools (GTMT). This controller achieves not only excellent tracking accuracy but also high synchronization performance. Firstly, a sliding mode synchronization controller is designed for the dual-drive system based on a simplified mode. Then, in order to handle the difficulties associated with the parameter uncertainties, external disturbances and coupling effects of the dual-drive system, a linear extended state observer (LESO) is designed. In this active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) technology, the total disturbances are treated as an extended state of the system and compensated with the disturbance observed value. Moreover, Rigorous theoretical analysis is performed to show that the proposed control method is able to achieve asymptotical tracking and synchronization performance for the dual-drive system in GTMT. Finally, Simulation studies are carried out and the results show that the proposed control strategy performs an improved tracking and synchronization motion control in comparison to the independent axis P-PI control approach.


Mainstream religion has little more than an indirect concern with the fundamental nature of human rights. Scripture provides no basis for any systematic code, albeit it espouses the virtues of equality, non-discrimination, and respect for others. There remains within regligious organisations an uncritical respect for authority and repeated emphasis on the dominance of the male. Rather, the articulation of human rights as a coherent and justiciable entity was the product of political turmoil, rebellion and war. That the expression of such rights is consistent with Christian teaching, however, is to be welcomed and valued. This article is an edited version of the Warburton Lecture delivered by Lord Bingham in Lincoln's Inn, London, on 15 June 2003. It is reproduced with permission.


The use of pedogenic carbonates (calcretes) in estimating CO2 concentrations in the Late Paleozoic atmosphere has been examined. For this purpose Cerling (1991,1999) submitted a theory based on the 13C/12C isotopic composition in calcretes. According his model the relationship of 13C/ 12C in calcretes is mostly coupled with the soil type and CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. By comparing time equivalent sections from different localities, it is attempted in the present study to separate calcretes altered due to diagenesis from unaltered carbonates.20 sections were examined, containing Late Paleozoic sediments. Thin sections, cathodoluminescence and x-ray diffractometry prove that a great number of different carbonates exist in these exposures. Comparing the Paleozoic samples with recent and subrecent calcretes (Knox 1977, Khadkikar et al. 2000), it can be demonstrated that anhedral, cryptocrystalline (<10 µm) and subhedral, microcrystalline (<40 µm) carbonates are clearly of pedogenic origin. On the other hand, crystals of greater size, showing a poikilotopic texture, were derived from groundwater or altered by diagenesis. Macro- and micromorphological features, typical of recent calcretes, occur in several of the investigated soil profiles. In contrast, thin section microscopy reveals a strong diagenetic alteration of the pedogenic carbonates. Time equivalent sections including comparable soil types (protosols, vertisols) offer a great range in their carbon isotopic composition. On the other hand, data sets in several sections do not differ very much. Therefore a mesogenetic change of isotopic composition is assumed, leading to an equalisation of carbon isotopic data. As a consequence, most of the sections studied are not suitable for the estamination of CO2 in paleoatmosphere. Only two sections (Campsie, Scottland, Lower Devonian, Vatterode, Permocarboniferous, Germany) show unaltered calcretes in wich carbonates not differ from modern pedogenic carbonate. However isotopic data sets derived from this sections do not fit exactly in the Cerling model.


In this paper, the calculation of the magnetic attraction between two coils, carrying current, is carried out which is closely related to the calculation of their mutual inductance.


Recently, there have been concerns of the risk of fracture at the beam-ends of existing steel building frames during the long period and long duration motion of the Nankai-trough great earthquake, which is expected in the near future. Researchers have proposed several simple evaluation methods to estimate cumulative damage from maximum ductility demand, avoiding the need for time history analysis. In this paper, cumulative damage at the beam-ends of a high rise steel building during long period and long duration motions is evaluated taking brace fracture into account. A simple damage evaluation method is proposed based on the event velocity and energy spectrum.


Battery materials in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) undergo lithiation and delithiation process, yielding strains in host materials and possible structure change. Particularly, the induced large stain at anode materials (such as widely studied silicon and tin based anodes) can lead to large volume change, fracture, and pulverization, which is considered as a major challenge for anode materials of LIBs. To address these challenges, it is crucial to understand the fundamental reactions occurring inside the electrode materials by observing the morphological/structural evolution during the operation of a battery. In-situ measurements have yielded valuable information about the function of electrochemical cells. However; most of conventional in situ methods still face many technical challenges including limited sample size and thickness, surface or spatially averaged information etc.. Particularly, most of in situ electrochemical cells cannot provide true electrochemical reactions of battery materials due to its special design and complicate operation, which may result in inaccurate information and misunderstanding.


Inefficient water use in Yunnan Province was revealed by severe drought lasting for three consecutive years since 2009.The relative efficiency of water use in Yunnan province is calculated and analyzed by data envelopment analysis(DEA) method on the basis of water resources and socio-economic indices of Yunnan province collected through tabular survey method.Results show that the water use efficiency in Yuxi,Chuxiong,Dali,Qujing,and Baoshan are slightly higher than that of the other autonomous regions and municipalities which could draw lessons from the experiences of the above 5 cities to address the acute water shortage.Lincang City in particular,should make more efforts to improve the water use efficiency.Strengthening technology investment is the first priority in improving water use efficiency.Measures of expanding the industrial scale and optimizing the industrial structure are also given.


Melts which are ultra-depleted for highly incompatible elements (UDM) are expected to be important members of mantle derived melts if melting process approaches fractional melting, and melt fractions could avoid mixing to each other and reacting with mantle on their way to the surface. However, among basaltic lavas and glasses, the UDM is not present or very rare. The only reported UDM were found in mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB) as inclusions in high-Mg olivines (Sobolev and Shimizu, 1993; Sobolev et al., 1994). Here we present data on the UDM inclusions found in high-Mg olivines from tholeiitic picrites and olivine basalts from Iceland, which represents a mantle plume centered on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (Schilling, 1973). Discussion


The present invention discloses a method of arc fullerene efficient production apparatus including a vacuum furnace, the vacuum furnace installation more than one independent source of arc, each arc source comprising an anode, a cathode and a cathode firing body, the anode, cathode, and a trigger cathode body composition meandering flow circuit, each of the anode and the cathode arc source trigger member may be an arc is generated simultaneously produce a mixture containing fullerenes. The present invention can solve the existing electric arc production of fullerene research from the laboratory into industrial mass production problems automatically, continuous, efficient production of fullerenes and metal fullerenes.


The evolution of the idealogy of popular sovereignty from class-oriented to equality-oriented,and then to development-oriented,is the result of the development of the system of China's socialism-cored values in different eras characterized by China's revolution,construction and reform.In the Deng Xiao-ping era,the idealogy of popular sovereignty of harmony-oriented became more clear and specific,resulting from conscientiously summing up and continually sublimating of the former system of values.Later,Hu Jin-tao put forward "the Scientific Outlook on Development" and the "harmony" as the orientation of the popular sovereignty idealogy,which is a concrete manifestation to perfect and carry out socialism-cored values.In the formulating process of the system of China's socialism-cored values,the legitimacy foundation,the objective,the way and characteristics become increasingly clear.Now,there are some essential principles we must adhere to:reasonably handling the basic relations of the market economics vs macro-control,ideals vs interests,reform vs stability,truly achieving social harmony through scientific development and effectively guaranteeing in practice the realization of the idealogy of popular sovereignty.


Asset Administration Shell (AAS) is the core concept for modeling and designing manufacturing components in Digital Twins applications. AAS describes the properties of assets such as products, machines, devices and factories, and communicates with other AAS through the network. Therefore, AAS enhances the interoperability and communications among device and software components. To further advance the interoperability and generality among components of a production line, this paper proposes a general platform for designing a production line based on AAS. The platform enables to automatically build a production line so that it flexibly meets different needs for various scenarios.


Modeling is everything that is constructed through specific parameters that are measured both in structure, form, content, amount and meaning with all the limitations. This research uses a factor test measuring mathematical models with a multivariate analysis approach with an independent or pair-samples approach (t test) to confirm whether the research object has a difference in the average value compared to the standard error score and continue testing the model using other approaches. This research uses mixed-methods method with descriptive analytic and t test. The object of this research involves a mathematical simulation model using the perspective of the data mining process through data preparation and exploration, prediction, classification, and affinity analysis and segmentation, evaluation and assessment models as long as deployment models. Model simulation based on decision support systems (DSS) which are derived into mathematical models (quantitative) can explain the complexity of the relationship between testing a model that is integrated with certain statistical approaches. Further, the model can be evaluated in advance to determine the assessment criteria with the approach chosen to produce the development of a model that is not mistakenly estimated (suitable model) for further testing, decision and answer the research objectives.


The solution behaviors of the chlorinated polypropylene (CPP) and its grafted polymers (CPP-g-MAH) were systematically studied to characterize their polar change with grafting maleic anhydride (MAH) onto the chain of CPP. The molecular weights of the polymers were determined with light scattering measurements, and the Mark–Houwink equation of CPP in toluene was also obtained. The result showed that the Mark–Houwink equation of CPP was suitable for estimating the molecular weight of the polydisperse samples of CPP and not suitable to CPP-g-MAH because the molecular polarity of the graft polymers had changed with grafting MAH onto CPP. The solubility result of CPP and CPP-g-MAH in various solvents indicated that the polarity of CPP gradually increased with grafting MAH onto its chain, which would cause the solubility of poorly hydrogen bonded solvents for CPP-g-MAH to gradually become poor, whereas that of moderately hydrogen bonded solvents for the polymers becomes better with an increase of the MAH graft content. This is consistent with the results of their dilution ratio and solubility parameter. Stabilities of the 344# resin–CPP-g-MAH–toluene solutions showed that the miscibility of CPP-g-MAH and 344# resin was improved with increase of the MAH grafted content.


It has long been suspected that genetic factors play an important part in duodenal-ulcer disease because the incidence is increased among first-degree relatives.1 However, until now, no strong genetic marker for the disease had been identified. It has been known that patients with duodenal ulcer have an increased frequency of blood Group O and of the nonsecretor status of ABH antigens in saliva, but these associations are weak. Edwards2 calculated that the ABO locus contributed about 1 per cent of the total variance in duodenal ulcer, and secretor status about 1.5 per cent. In this issue of the Journal, . . .


Plastic shrinkage occurs in fresh concrete usually within few hours after mixing the concrete and risk of its cracks endangered concrete structures especially in the elements with high surface to volume ratio such as slabs or highway pavement. An experimental investigation on capillary pore pressure, tensile strength and plastic shrinkage of concrete is presented here. The aim of research is to study the relationship between capillary pore pressure build up in concretes, early age tensile strength and plastic shrinkage strain. Capillary pore pressure apparatus was created for the first time in Iran for this research. Test was done in a climate chamber with the constant evaporation rate of 0.7 kg/m2/h .Eight types of concrete in two categories such as normal concrete and self-consolidating concrete were tested including mixture without any mineral admixtures and containing of pozzolanic materials such as silica fume and metakaolin. The results indicated that there is no strong relationship between capillary pore pressure and plastic shrinkage strain and it can be concluded that other parameters such as tensile strength development can play an important role in the plastic state of concrete. However, it should be mentioned that capillary pressure is the main cause and driving force of concrete shrinkage and the onset of capillary pressure is directly related to the onset of shrinkage. The results also showed that early age tensile strength can be effective factor in controlling cracks of concrete. No cracks appeared in the mixtures containing of silica fume and metakaolin in comparison with the reference mixture. However capillary pore pressure in these mixtures was higher than pressure in the reference mixture.


While it is recognized that disability policy is a subset of broader public policy, the relationship between disability issues and other public policy issues is not well understood. Insight into this relationship can be gained through a greater understanding of the concept of "handicap," as distinguished from the concepts of "impairment" and "disability." In everyday conversation, these terms typically are used interchangeably and erroneously. However, when applied correctly, their important differences help us to focus on the appropriate level for analyzing disability and other policy issues. When ignored for reasons concerning the "political unacceptability" of handicap as a term or concept, we risk focusing on the wrong level and possibly holding individuals with disabilities responsible for circumstances beyond their control.


THE Lord Chief Justice, in dismissing the appeal by Mrs. Bryant against her conviction for murder, said that the Court of Criminal Appeal had set its face against the efforts of those gentlemen who brought their minds controversially to bear on scientific evidence given at a trial. No doubt this was merely the legal way of saying" It is easy to be wise after the event" but, whatever the way of it, I should like to make it clear that in referring to the article on footprints by F. W. Martin, M.D. (THE POLICE JOURNAL, Vol. IX, NO.4) it is not intended that a controversy should be raised or that it should be thought that criticisms are being levelled at the method of taking casts of footprints described by the Doctor. .Readers will recall that Dr. Martin suggested the use of modelling wax for taking casts of footprints in dry earth or sand and, judging from the photographs of casts taken, the method is highly successful. As the method was described as " most accurate in its results " it is to be presumed that the wax neither contracts nor expands to any appreciable extent on cooling, but one is not informed whether the wax cast is reasonably strong or whether exposure to heat of any appreciable degree is likely to bring about warping or melting. Interest in the article was aroused because it happens that a fair amount of experiment was carried out by the Officer in charge of the training. of recruits in the Dorset Constabulary. Many methods and mediums were used, including wax although not of the type suggested by Dr. Martin, and it was eventually decided that plaster of paris,


An investigation on 'Morphological characterization of Annona cultivars grown under northern dry zone of Karnataka' was carried out during 2018-19 at College of Horticulture, Bagalkot, Karnataka. The experiment was laidout in a Randomized Complete Block Design with twelve varieties replicated thrice. Twelve cultivars consisting of four different species of Annona were evaluated for morphological characters. All the morphological observations were recorded as per Cherimoya descriptor developed by Bioversity Internationale and CHERLA, 2008. In all the 12 cultivars of Annona species, the leaf blade shape was recorded as as ovate, elliptic, obovate and lanceolate; the shape of leaf apex as acute, rounded and acuminate; the leaf base as acute, rounded, obstuse and cordate; leaf colour as light green, green, greyish green and dark green; the leaf margin as entire or undulated; trunk colour as, light grey; grey and dark grey; ramification as one branch, two branches and three or more branches; fruit shape as round, oblate, cordate, broadly, cordate and oval and exocarp type as Laevis (smooth), Impressa (slight depressions) and Umbonata (small protrusions);pulp colour as white, creamy and creamy white; seed weight and seed percentage were also recorded.


The patients in intensive care unit(ICU)experienced a variety of pain,so analgesic therapy is essential for them.There are many kinds of analgesics which can be used for the adult patients in ICU,including the opioid analgesics;the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the drugs which are effective for some special pain.The opioid analgesics are still one-line treatment of the non-neuropathic pain.The opioid receptor agonist are used most frequently,including Morphine,Fentanyl,Sufentanil,Remifentanil and so on.In our country,there is little experience in using Sufentanil and Remifentanil,Also,there is little experience in using the opioid receptor partial agonist(include Pentazocine and Dezocine)and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(include Flurbiprofen Axetil,Parecoxib,et al).This article aims to briefly describe the use of Sufentanil,Remifentanil,some opioid agonists and non-steroidal analgesics in the ICU.


w w w .b m w a .g v .a t GRUNDLAGENSTUDIE "Architektur macht Gäste" über den Zusammenhang zwischen Architektur und Wirtschaftlichkeit im Tourismus 1 Endbericht erstellt im Mai 2007 pla'tou – plattform für architektur im tourismus Objectives and contents – Summary Concerning the tourism product development, one has to identify trends and elaborate their profitability. The topics of architecture, culture of construction and design are attracting the attention of the public. However, the innovative potential which lies within contemporary architecture is still hardly used in the tourism industry, although it could benefit the process of creating the corporate identity and market position of businesses, villages or destinations. On the one hand, the tourism industry invests enormous amounts of money in construction and design, often without basic architectural reasoning. The function and design of concepts and the structural alignment of residential areas are not taken into account. What has to be kept in mind is that buildings constructed in such a manner do shape the landscapes and living environments of Austrian people, and, in addition, affect the tourist's perception of such surroundings. Despite the close collaboration between the business areas of architecture and tourism, no goal setting or strategic development has taken place so far. For the first time, this study collected data which relates tourism to architecture directly, in order to integrate those interfaces with conceptual, theoretical and scientific approaches. The aim is to identify and link economical and cultural demands regarding the Austrian tourism architecture. The main goal is to work out an orientation guide for decision making units in tourism project development. The succession of a new generation in tourism businesses has brought about an increasing interest in innovation and new product design. The opportunity for competitive advantage through the implementation of the prior two has been discovered by the new generation. Creative and innovative entrepreneurs should be supported and motivated to use "architecture and design" as an economic success tool. In the long term, the objective is to bring about sustainable tourism development as well as the international positioning of Austrian tourism through contemporary architecture and design. Historical buildings are still important signatures as well as highly valued objects; however, contemporary architecture has the ability to extend the cultural offers of Austria continuously. GRUNDLAGENSTUDIE "Architektur macht Gäste" über den Zusammenhang zwischen Architektur und Wirtschaftlichkeit im Tourismus 2 Endbericht erstellt im Mai 2007 pla'tou – plattform für architektur im tourismus Four central questions have been elaborated in the course of the study: 1. What are the experiences of entrepreneurs using contemporary architecture? 2. Through which factors does architecture attract visitors? 3. What are the points of interest for entrepreneurs who want to accomplish economic success through contemporary architecture? What can they do in order to be successful? 4. Which positive effects can be achieved through contemporary architecture? Concerning the empirical part of the study: In order to achieve knowledge about businesses which have applied contemporary architecture, a questionnaire survey has been sent out to more than 300 businesses. All those entrepreneurs have been working with high value architecture (partly new, extended or reconstructed buildings); more than 50% of the total sample returned the questionnaire. The fact that 49 businesses were visited personally permitted a closer insight and analysis which was complemented by structured interviews. The most important results are: ad 1. Success and profitability from the perspective of Austrian tourism entrepreneurs Which experiences have entrepreneurs had through the use of contemporary architecture? • The question "Do you think that the investment in contemporary architecture was economical?" was answered positively. 88 % of proprietors / licensees are convinced that contemporary architecture is profitable. • 51 % of the entrepreneurs confirmed that their economic key ratios are better than the industry average; only 7% of the key ratios are situated below the industry average. • The most important economic key ratios regarding extension of buildings and reconstruction of buildings by using contemporary architecture was positive. On average a 25% augmentation of the relevant key ratio was pinpointed. • 80 % of the entrepreneurs regard contemporary architecture as an essential marketing factor. • 97 % of the interviewees confirmed the expectation that "contemporary architecture can be used as a vital marketing tool" and 95% approve the expectation "attractiveness for new customers". GRUNDLAGENSTUDIE "Architektur macht Gäste" über den Zusammenhang zwischen Architektur und Wirtschaftlichkeit im Tourismus 3 Endbericht erstellt im Mai 2007 pla'tou – plattform für architektur im tourismus ad. 2 Opportunities and potentials for tourism businesses Through which factors does architecture attract visitors? Architecture acts through its qualities. • High quality architecture stands for function and well-being Orientation, functionality and quality of space are hygienic factors and due to this reason are indispensable for guest satisfaction. Short distances, good accessibility of all facilities and prevention of crossing points between front and backstage avoid conflicts and increase guest satisfaction. • High quality architecture stands for corporate identity The very first impression of guest and potential customers is mostly enmeshed in architecture. Sensual perception and impressive shapes, as well as their illustration create memories. Special design can easily be remembered and therefore positively influences the decision making process. • High quality architecture translates into competitive advantage Good architectural composition is something special and unforeseen. The involvement of history and environment gives it the potential to differentiate it from competitors. • High quality architecture stands for life-style and zeitgeist Superior atmosphere attracts customers who value quality during leisure time and holidays highly. Contemporary architecture generates public attention through media and first adopters and becomes the central element in the word-of-mouth equation. An attractively designed environment represents life style and zeitgeist, which augments the attractiveness for businesses and incentive offers. • High quality architecture stands for quality of life for employees Entrepreneurs constructing spaces by using contemporary architecture create their own working ambience based on their own objectives. This fact enables them to work and act GRUNDLAGENSTUDIE "Architektur macht Gäste" über den Zusammenhang zwischen Architektur und Wirtschaftlichkeit im Tourismus 4 Endbericht erstellt im Mai 2007 pla'tou – plattform für architektur im tourismus authentically for their customers and guests. Also, high quality spaces enable employees to work in an efficient and effective way. • High quality architecture stands for sustainability Well planned architecture can easily be adapted to changing demands over time, and is therefore cost efficient. In order to keep its value over time, high quality architecture assures the highest levels of planning as far as quality of space, location, and the orientation of building openings are concerned – factors that cannot be changed once the construction process has been finalized. Interior space, on the other hand, can be easily adapted to trends and demands. Architecture is a powerful marketing tool in the tourism industry • Creating a significant brand touch through architecture Through structural design, values and lifestyle of brands can be experienced. As a result, typical, special, unique and distinctive elements are conveyed to the target group. • Augmenting the product value through architecture Architecture is a strong means of expression that affects its spectators emotionally. Furthermore, it sets the framework for rational examination. High quality architecture augments the cultural value as well as the experience value of a product. • Using architecture as a topic in communication and in marketing matters Tourism spaces and buildings create messages through two channels: directly and via impressions. Through style and quality of architecture, certain target groups are addressed. Moreover, uncountable stories can be told through architecture and about architecture. Furthermore, contemporary architecture creates excitement which fosters media coverage. GRUNDLAGENSTUDIE "Architektur macht Gäste" über den Zusammenhang zwischen Architektur und Wirtschaftlichkeit im Tourismus 5 Endbericht erstellt im Mai 2007 pla'tou – plattform für architektur im tourismus ad 3. Success factors for tourism businesses What are the points of interest for new entrepreneurs who want to accomplish economic success through contemporary architecture? What can they do in order to be successful? The following success factors are based on experiences of the interviewees using contemporary architecture. From their point of view as trendsetters, different coherences were found. Innovative Entrepreneurship • Opting for contemporary architecture requires – like all unconventional and new solutions – courage and openness. Entrepreneurs positioning their companies through contemporary architecture distinguish themselves through their ideas and innovative potential. As a result, those solutions not only affect their own business, but sometimes regions can be affected in a positive way as well. • Necessary characteristics for high value architectural structuring are a high level of quality orientation, and delegation and cooperation capabilities. Successful entrepreneurs look for expertise in subjects which are out of the


Recent studies have documented that, in the United States, firms that increase asset investment subsequently earn substantially lower risk-adjusted returns, which is referred to as the investment or asset growth effect. In this study, we document that there exist substantial cross-country differences in the asset growth effect. More specifically, we find a strong asset growth effect among developed countries, but no such an effect among developing countries. Further analysis indicates that, among developed countries, cross-country difference in the asset growth effect can be explained by the ease of access to equity markets in addition to country characteristics such as culture and corporate asset growth. However, the inclusion of these country characteristics does not damper the effect of the ease of access to equity markets on the asset growth effect. Our results appear to be generally consistent with an overinvestment explanation for the investment effect initiated by Titman, Wei, and Xie (2004) and to be inconsistent with the prediction by the q-theory with investment frictions suggested by Li and Zhang (2010).


There is still little agreement among the anatomists and surgeons about the definition, nature, extent, attachments or functions of the transversalis fascia even when during laparoscopic surgery, structures are magnified, and various fascial planes are more clearly defined than in open surgery. In the present study while doing laparoscopic total extraperitoneal preperitoneal (TEP/TEPP) mesh hernioplasty for inguinal hernia (N=30), Transversalis fascia was found as a single membranous layer in suprainguinal region, but diaphanous (outer fibro-fatty and inner membranous layers) in inguinal and infra-inguinal regions in 70%, but it was thin flimsy throughout in 30%. Transversalis fascia was observed posterior to the complete posterior rectus sheath/fascia when present (13%), or posterior to the Rectusial fascia (77%)/epimysium (10%) when posterior rectus sheath was incomplete with Arcuate line. Transversalis fascia transiently split to ensheathe deep inferior epigastric vessels in all cases. Transversalis fascia did not enter into inguinal canal but stopped at deep ring, forming two lateral thickened fascial extensions/slings as the two crura of deep ring and one medial thickened fascial extension/sling running from deep ring towards pectineal ligament, although pectineal fascia over the pectineal ligament was well-defined in only 23%. A well-defined Transversalis fascial thickening, the Iliopubic tract, was observed in 77%. In all 30 cases, Transversalis fascia was found quite distinct from the preperitoneal fascia/fat which ensheathed the cord structures and entered the inguinal canal, forming the internal spermatic fascia; moreover, Transversalis fascia and preperitoneal fascia/fat had separate neurovascular supply with presence of an easily fissile avascular plane in between.


This paper examines the dependence of the healthcare waste (HCW) generation rate on several social-economic and environmental parameters. Correlations were calculated between the quantities of healthcare waste generated (expressed in kg/bed/day) versus economic indices (GDP, healthcare expenditure per capita), social indices (HDI, IHDI, MPI, life expectancy, mean years of schooling, HIV prevalence, deaths due to tuberculosis and malaria, and under five mortality rate), and an environmental sustainability index (total CO 2 emissions) from 42 countries worldwide. The statistical analysis included the examination of the normality of the data and the formation of linear multiple regression models to further investigate the correlation between those indices and HCW generation rates. Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients were also calculated for all pairwise comparisons. Results showed that the life expectancy, the HDI, the mean years of schooling and the CO 2 emissions positively affect the HCW generation rates and can be used as statistical predictors of those rates. The resulting best reduced regression model included the life expectancy and the CO 2 emissions and explained 85% of the variability of the response.


In this article we deal with the theoretical investigation of pattern formation in a planar dc gas-discharge system with a high-ohmic electrode. In particular, we are interested in a description of electric breakdown in the low-current Townsend mode of discharge operation. Using the adiabatic description of electrons and two-scale expansion one can show that the discharge in this mode is governed by a two-component reactiondiffusion system, which provides a quantitative system description on the macroscopic time scale. On this base ionization fronts being nontrivial solutions of this reaction-diffusion system are discussed in details. In particular, velocity and initial condition selection are investigated in one- and two spatial dimensions.


• Collision welding – a brand new, patented method for welding dissimilar and very strong metals • Lightweighting, multi-material structures (magnesium, aluminum, titanium) • Vaporizing foil actuator (VFA) metalworking for impulse processes on a small scale • Simulation-driven welding assembly, weld design and stress analysis, and welding process modeling • Instrumentation and design solutions • Resistance spot welding • Weld process optimization • Failure analysis of welds • Conformal joining • High velocity joining


Soil improvement is commonly used in regions with seismic hazards to mitigate soil liquefaction and lateral spreading. Design evaluations must consider the mechanism of improvement (e.g., densification, reinforcement, and/or drainage) mitigating excess pore pressures as well as increases in stiffness of the improved ground. Despite its importance, the change of small strain stiffness of a site following treatment has received little attention. Measurements of post-improvement shear wave velocity are uncommon, and it is unclear whether or not the improved site stiffness can be accurately estimated before improvement. This paper presents a case history of ground improvement for liquefaction mitigation of silty sands, and includes surface wave measurements for determination of shear wave velocities of layered, unimproved and vibro-stone column-improved soils. Following the comparison of pre- and post-improvement in situ tests, the effect of the increase in stiffness on the site response analyses determined with equivalent linear approaches is evaluated. Several methods were used to assess the increase in site stiffness, ranging from area replacement-based estimation approaches to the shear wave velocity measured following improvement. The accuracy of the analyses following common estimation approaches is compared to the analyses using the measured values and recommendations for the evaluation of site response are provided.


Experiences in leaching network management at undergraduate and post graduate levels of computer science courses has led to a recognition 'f ~he need 10 offer some practical experience in xupport of Ike theore~ical material of the trzdilional course. This paper describes the developnwnt of a 'model agm', which can be programmed to present mal~agemtwt data 10 a network management platjhm in formats and sequences which simulate a range of network devices and patterns of bduzviour. The paper describes the way in which such a model agenr can be programmed, and shows, by means ofan example simulated network fiwh, how ~he model agents are z{tilised in a p~actical learning environment with a student (in ~.kerole of network manager) Izm'ing to identifi ~id diagnose the 'fault' using only data obtained f?om lke model agents forming 'their' network


Amygdalo-hypothalamic connections studied in the preoptic/anterior hypothalamic area (POA/AHA) and the role of catecholamines in the control of ovulation were investigated. 89% of the neurons in the POA/AHA were orthodromically activated with the majority of latency periods 9-30 msec and a smaller proportion between 30-40 msec. The remaining 11% were antidromically activated. Dopamine inhibited the spontaneous activity of 85.0% of the cells tested and noradrenaline inhibited all the cells. These catecholamines also inhibited activation by amygdaloid stimulation.


Since synchrotron radiation (SR) has several excellent properties such as high brilliance, broad continuous energy spectrum and small divergence, we can obtain x-ray images with high contrast and high spatial resolution by using of SR. In 2D imaging using SR, air gap method is very effective to reduce the scatter contamination. However, to use air gap method, the geometrical effect of finite source size of SR must be considered because spatial resolution of image is degraded by air gap. For 2D x-ray imaging with SR, x-ray mammography was chosen to examine the effect of air gap method. We theoretically discussed the optimization of air gap distance suing effective scatter point source model proposed by Muntz, and executed experiment with a newly manufactured monochromator with asymmetrical reflection and an imaging plate.


ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to formulate and to further improve the stability of emulsions based on thyme essential oil. Several nonionic surfactants of different nature and with different hydrophilic−lipophilic balance (HLB) values were investigated. The surfactant with optimal HLB found for the thyme essential oil was Appyclean 6548 (HLB: 9-9.5). Afterwards, stabilizing biopolymers were added in order to improve emulsion stability. Properties of emulsions were evaluated in terms of droplet size and physical stability. Thyme essential oil/W emulsions formulated with a new biodegradable emulsifier (alkyl polypentoside) and welan gum as stabilizer were obtained with high shelf-life. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


Background: The thyroid hormones are protein-bound in the serum, and only 0.02% of T4 and 0.2% of T3 are free, biologically active hormones. 45–70% of thyroid hormones are bound to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG), and the rest to transthyretin and albumin. Familial conditions, estrogen treatment and pregnancy may have effects on the concentrations of the binding proteins, leading to changes in thyroid hormone fractions until a new equilibrium is reached.
Materials and Methods.Thyroid function tests were performed by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) for the quantitative determination of thyroid hormones (Total T3, Total T4 and TSH) .In human serum and plasma values were presented as mean ± standard deviation. Student t' test was used to compare hormonal levels. The corresponding value of 'p' was obtained from the standard table of critical 't' values at the appropriate degree of freedom. Statistical significance was considered as p<0.05.
Conclusion. The findings of present study indicate that as the severity of preeclampsia increases the level of TSH increases with corresponding decrease in T3, T4.