Several probes were used in this ultrastructural study to localize polysaccharides in cell walls on conidial germ tubes, hyphal bodies, and mycelia of the entomogenous hyphomycete Nomuraea rileyi. With the exception of galactose, labelling patterns did not vary from one morphological stage to another. Galactose, which was localized by using a monoclonal antibody to a galactose-specific lectin purified from insect larval hemolymph, was absent from cell walls of hyphal bodies and conidia but was present on germ-tube and mycelial surfaces. Chitin (N-acetylglucosamine), labelled with a wheat-germ agglutinin-ferritin conjugate, was present in the middle regions of lateral walls and septa, and β1-4 glucans were located in the middle and inner regions, as indicated by binding of a cellulase-gold conjugate. An anti-laminaribiose antibody was used to label β1-3 glucans present in the outer wall areas and inner regions near the plasmalemma. The location of mannose residues as indicated by concanavalin A - ferritin ...


Acquired paroxysmal choreoathetosis may result from various structural and metabolic disorders. 1 We report on a diabetic patient in whom choreoathetosis was a manifestation of hypoglycemia. REPORT OF A CASE A 45-year-old woman with long-standing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus appeared at the emergency room with a severe headache, nausea, and emesis. She was given an injection of 0.5 mL of hydromorphone hydrochloride and after 1½ hours she suddenly became stuporous. Fifteen minutes later she was more awake but very confused. She suddenly manifested vigorous choreoathetosis of all four extremities, opisthotonus, and facial grimacing. There was hypotonia of the extremities, but no evidence of weakness. Deep tendon reflexes were absent in the lower extremities. There was no diaphoresis, tremor, or tachycardia. The remainder of the neurologic examination results were normal. The patient had no history of drug ingestion, specifically haloperidol or phenothiazines, and there was no family history of neurologic disorder.


A new amplifier concept is developed which combines the conventional master-slave operational amplifier structure and the flying supply technique. The new amplifier is viewed as an input stage for the planar multijunction thermal converter for ac-dc voltage transfer in the mV-range. High input impedance and adjustable ac-dc transfer differences are the main advantages of this design.


The invention belongs to the technical field of sealing detection, and provides a high-pressure water pressure detection system. The high-pressure water pressure detection system comprises a high-pressure air compressor and a circulating water tank connected with each other, wherein an inlet of the high-pressure air compressor is connected with an air intake pipe, the air intake pipe is provided with an air intake valve, the circulating water tank is connected with a water inlet of a pressure test tool by means of a high-pressure water pipeline, an air outlet at the upper end of the pressure test tool is provided with a gas regulation valve, a water outlet of the pressure test tool is connected with the circulating water tank by means of a return water pipeline, and the return water pipeline is provided with a return water valve. By adopting the technical scheme, the high-pressure water pressure detection system solves the problems of water waste and small pressure adjustment range of a water pressure detection system in the prior art.


Calling the Station Home: Place and Identity in New Zealandis High Country. Michele D. Dominy. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, 2001. xiii. 306 pp., figures, tables, maps, notes, bibliography, index.


Entrepreneurial dominant logic is a constantly evolving information filter that is economically and managerially oriented and is based on organizational processes, schemas, or mental maps. This filter attenuates the complexity of information in the firm's external environment and shapes the conceptualization and execution of wealth creation within the context of the existing firm and its businesses. Entrepreneurial dominant logic is at the heart of corporate entrepreneurship and drives or guides the configuration or reconfiguration of internal resources and capabilities to reactively or proactively support environmentally related change or diversification via growth into new ventures in order to create or capture entrepreneurial rents in the new competitive landscape.

Keywords:

logic;
dominant thinking;
maps;
schema


In his contribution to this volume, Shaun Gallagher casts a sharply focussed critical eye over positions which claim that action is to be explained, in part, by appeal to minimal representations. One of the positions to come under fire in this way is a view that I developed in my book Reconstructing the Cognitive World (Wheeler, 2005). In this brief response I shall try to defend my own brand of representational minimalism against some of Gallagher's worries.


ABSTRACT This paper investigates an adaptive consensus problem for distributed scale-free multi-agent systems (SFMASs) by randomly selecting links, where the degree of each node follows a power-law distribution. The randomly selecting links are based on the assumption that every agent decides to select links among its neighbours according to the received data with a certain probability. Accordingly, a novel consensus protocol with the range of the received data is developed, and each node updates its state according to the protocol. By the iterative method and Cauchy inequality, the theoretical analysis shows that all errors among agents converge to zero, and in the meanwhile, several criteria of consensus are obtained. One numerical example shows the reliability of the proposed methods.


: A new method of analysis of estimation based on forest types, has been conducted on proboscis monkey to update the out-dated population estimation of this primate in Sarawak. Boat survey technique was applied in all surveyed sites (except in Bako National Park) within a period of 17 months, starting from April 2015 to August 2016. A cumulative riverbank distance of 618.6 km and a line transect of 24.14 km were surveyed. In this study, the estimation was conducted based on the forest types surveyed. Overall, 9,586 individuals of proboscis monkeys were estimated within three forest types, namely, mangrove, peat swamp and tropical heath ( kerangas ) forests. Peat swamp forest has the highest population of 6,174 individuals, with an estimated population density of 0.96 individuals/km2. The estimated populations in mangrove and tropical heath forests are 1,789 and 1,623 individuals, and with estimated population densities of 1.13 and 2.76 individuals/km 2 , respectively. A comparison of population estimates from different studies is complicated by their different methods of analyses. A standard method of analysis, in lieu of using forest types in the estimation is needed, so that the population estimates and the changes in the population size of the proboscis monkeys can be systematically compared and monitored in the future.


....................................................................................................................... ii Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................... iii Table of contents .......................................................................................................... v List of Figures ............................................................................................................ xii List of Tables............................................................................................................. xiii Chapter 1: Introduction .............................................................................................. 15 1.1. Background of Study ................................................................................... 15 1.2. Significance of Study .................................................................................. 19 1.3. Purpose of Study ......................................................................................... 22 1.4. Research Questions ..................................................................................... 23 1.5. Structure of the Thesis ................................................................................. 24 1.6. Definition of Terms ..................................................................................... 26 Chapter 2: Critical Thinking ...................................................................................... 28 2.


This paper presents a SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) method which builds 2D grid maps and generates the OctoMap based on Rao-Blackwellized particle filters. This work combines wheeled odometry and laser scan with particle filter algorithm to get the pose of the robot, and at the same time fuses the data of depth camera to generate OctoMap, OctoMap is an integrated open source framework based on octree, which is well known for its memory efficiency for the representation of 3D environments. The traditional 3D point cloud map cannot be applied in robot navigation. But OctoMap is a 3D occupancy grid mapping, which can be applied to 3D path planning of flying robots and other robots that are equipped with manipulators. In short, the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed methods can make a robot to synchronize building 2D and 3D maps very efficiently.


Anopheles mosquito larvae and pupae often have a layer of white pigment visible beneath the transparent cuticle on the dorsum of the abdomen and thorax. This pigment occurs in granules that are highly concentrated in ameboid-shaped cells of the parietal fat body. Mutations that affect the pattern or abundance, or both, of this pigment in A. albimanus Wiedemann and A. gambiae Giles are characterized by differences in the abundance of uric acid, whose levels range from 1.86 to 3.13 μg per larvae in individuals of 4 phenotypes having white pigmentation. Uric acid concentrations are higher in A. albimanus stripe + individuals which also have the most prominent white pigment. Two other mutants, A. gambiae collarless and A. albimanus white eye, contain no detectable uric acid nor any white pigment. None of the mutants examined has reduced xanthine dehydrogenase activity nor altered XDH electrophoretic mobility. We suggest that the prominent white pigment is precipitated uric acid contained within specialized fat-body cells similar to urocytes. We discuss the genetic basis of mutants affecting uric acid deposition, and the pleiotropic effects of the eye-color mutations such as white.


Last week, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) and the WHO each released updated versions of their HIV treatment guidelines. Both


Very few studies have been conducted to analyze the long-term consequences of large infrastructure development on community rehabilitation. This study reviews the Kusaki and Sameura dam projects in Japan, which were carried out in the 1970s. This research attempted to identify factors in the compensation schemes and resettlement negotiations of these projects that affected long-term community rehabilitation and individual resettlement. The lessons learned from this study will provide valuable knowledge for developing countries where large infrastructure development has been vigorously undertaken.


SUMMARY The Community Directive on the harmonisation of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society has just been adopted, after sustained debate and numerous amendments proposed by the European Parliament. This Directive has been adopted at a time when the digital media industry is facing new technological challenges relating to the protection of rightholders. The aim of this study is to present a number of options on the question of digital content security technology to the European Parliament, particularly the Committee on Legal Affairs and the Internal Market, and the European Commission, including operational options. Concerning proposals to the European Parliament, we should – given the subject of the study – analyse the adopted Directive (particularly Articles 5 to 7) to assess the compatibility of certain electronic information and copyright protection systems at present on the market with the legal objectives proposed by this Directive. It seems particularly important to ensure that recognition of the role of 'technological measures' (as specified in Article 6 of the Directive and the provisions of the 1996 WIPO Treaty) avoids practical effects which may conflict with the compulsory or optional exceptions to the reproduction and communications rights specified in Article 5. Similarly, it is worth studying how far the methods used to identify and authenticate protected works and their users (particularly through the implementation of systems covering 'rights information' and 'technological measures', as provided in the Directive) remain compatible with the objectives of former directives, such as: SECURITY TECHNOLOGIES FOR DIGITAL MEDIA PE 296.705 4-Directive 95/46/EC of 24 October 1995 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data (relating to the methods of managing data allowing the identification of the uses and users of protected content);-Directive 2000/31/EC on electronic commerce, with particular regard to the provisions of Article 4 of this Directive concerning the responsibility of service providers;-Directive 98/84/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 November 1998 on the legal protection of services based on, or consisting of, conditional access. With regard to the role that the European Commission may play in these matters, the authors suggest that it should concentrate its work on several main points. An initial task could be to carry out a financial assessment of the worldwide volume of digital piracy and, at least with regard to CD/DVD piracy, a breakdown by geographical region of proven or …


Numbers of airborne Monilinia laxa conidia were related to the maturity of the sporodochia, the nature of the host structure bearing them, and the presence or absence of rain or fog. Hirst spore traps collected more airborne conidia during rains and on rainy days than on dry days among prunaceous hosts during the spring of 1966 and 1967. Numbers of conidia were greatest (6440 m−3 h−1) in the first 3–4 h of rain, while in dry periods, numbers were greatest (1200 m−3 h−1) when ambient humidity was lowest and temperature and wind speeds were highest. Fruit mummies, twig cankers, limb cankers, pedicels, and peduncles all bore sporodochia. Rains washed off successive crops of conidia, and with 52 800 conidia cm−2 were collected directly below a sporulating peach fruit mummy. The significance of these dispersal periods in disease development and control is discussed.


The present paper regards paleogeographic changes and paleo-climatic factors of Permian stratigraphic record in the east of the Russian plate on the basis of data on isotopic relations of the stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen, obtained on the carbonate deposits. The alternation of glacial and interglacial epochs, the influence of the steady regression trend connected with Pangea supercontinent shaping on the Permian sedimentary history, along with regional specifics of Permian sedimentary paleobasins caused characteristic variations in δ18O and δ13C in the carbonate deposits in a lot of key Permian sections.


This paper describes a SDN-based solution that, by leveraging and coordinating many functionalities that reside at both WDM and Ethernet layers, orchestrates network resources with the aim to maximize host-to-host data transfer rate.


This work proposes metasurface antenna for switchable polarization. The Metasurface antenna contains source antenna and a Metasurface. The Metasurface consists of 16 unit cells arranged in a 4×4 layout. The corner truncated sievenpiper unit cells used as Metasurface. The elliptical slot antenna is a source antenna used for analysis. The antenna reconfigures to LP, LHCP and RHCP on the rotation of the Metasurface around the center regarding slot antenna. The Metasurface antenna designed to operate at 3.5GHz using HFSS. The antenna performance presented in terms of impedance bandwidth, axial ratio bandwidth, and polarization and radiation pattern. The result reveals that the antenna in circular polarization achieves an ARBWof 3.18 to 3.74GHz with the fractional bandwidth of 16% and polarization isolation of more than 15dB.


Size at maturity, sex ratio and maturity stages are key population parameters in fisheries management of exploited stocks because they influence survival of fish populations. The decline in Hydrocynus vittatus catches during the tigerfish competition and along the shoreline of Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe prompted this study. This study investigated population parameters of H. vittatus in the Sanyati Basin, Lake Kariba. A gonadal reproductive stage determination index was used to determine sexual maturity and the logistic growth curve was used to estimate size at 50% sexual maturity (L50). The study revealed that the L50 value had decreased from 30 cm to 22.1 cm for males and 35 cm to 27.8 cm for females since 1961. Males and females had an L50 of 22.1 cm and 27.8 cm, respectively. The male to female ratio was 1:0.8, which is typical of stressed populations. Increased fishing pressure in the Sanyati Basin, Lake Kariba is a potential threat to the H. vittatus population. More research and monitoring of the population parameters of tigerfish is required, in order to predict long term effects of overexploitation and to enable responsible authorities to protect the fish stock from collapsing.


The morphological description of a new soft tick species collected in Oman twenty years ago by W. Buttiker is given. The features of the nymphs and the larvae are characteristic of the genus Ornithodoros Koch, 1844 and of the subgenus Alveonasus Schulze, 1941. Examination of the larvae shows a specific combination of an O. (A.) foleyi-like body setal formula and setal location, and an O. (A.) canestrinii-like dorsal plate, as well as a unique hypostome longer than in all other Ornithodoros (Alveonasus) species and a unique palpal article III as long as articles II and IV, unlike all other Ornithodoros (Alveonasus) species. This new species is named O. (A.) buettikeri as a token of our esteem for its discoverer. Its relationships with the other Ornithodoros (Alveonasus) species are discussed. (Resume d'auteur)


In venous thrombosis conditions, the biological etiological survey is, to day, absolutely necessary. In approximately 30 p. cent of the cases of recurring venous thrombosis, there is a deficit in Protein S, Protein C, antithrombin III, a plasminogen or fibrinogen abnormality and a lack of fibrinolysis. On the contrary, despite of the obvious role of platelets in arterial thrombosis, the biological survey is more difficult.


We determined if interval exercise plus a low‐calorie diet (LCD + INT) increases endothelial function more than an energy‐matched LCD. Obese women (47.2 ± 2.6y, 37.5 ± 1.3kg/m2) were randomized to 13 days of a LCD (n = 12; mixed meals of ~ 1200kcal/d) or LCD + INT (n = 13; 12 supervised 60‐min INT bouts of 3 min at 90% and 50% HRpeak). LCD + INT subjects received 350kcal postexercise to equate energy availability with LCD. Fitness (VO2peak) and body composition (BodPod) were determined and a 120 min, 75 g oral glucose tolerance test was performed to examine fasting and postprandial flow‐mediated dilation (FMD, endothelial function), respiratory exchange ratio (RER) via indirect calorimetry as well as glucose and insulin incremental area under the curve (iAUC120min). LCD + INT increased VO2peak (P = 0.02) compared with LCD, and both treatments decreased fat mass (P < 0.001) and insulin iAUC120min (P = 0.03). There was no overall treatment effect on fasting or iAUC120min FMD. However, in participants who increased fasting endothelial function after each treatment (Δ > 50%; LCD n = 5, LCD + INT n = 7), LCD + INT increased fasted (P = 0.005) and decreased iAUC120min (P = 0.003) FMD compared with LCD. Enhanced fitness correlated with increased fasting FMD (r = 0.43, P = 0.03) and diminished FMD iAUC120min (r = −0.44, P = 0.03). Decreased FMD iAUC120min correlated with reduced glucose iAUC120min (r = 0.64, P = 0.001) as well as increased 60‐min RER (r = −0.42, P = 0.04). Low baseline fasting and iAUC120min FMD was also linked to enhanced fasting and iAUC120min FMD post‐treatment (r = −0.71, P < 0.001; r = −0.89, P < 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, increasing fitness via INT may increase the effect of LCD on lowering cardiovascular disease risk in obese women.


Let (R,m) be a complete local ring of dimension at least two, which contains a separably closed coefficient field of positive characteristic. Using a vanishing theorem of Peskine-Szpiro, Lyubeznik proved that the local cohomology module H 1 m (R) is Frobenius-torsion if and only if the punctured spectrum of R is connected in the Zariski topology. We give a simple proof of this theorem and, more generally, a formula for the number of connected components in terms of the Frobenius action on H 1 m (R).


This paper discuss a rectifier-inverter composed of two three-leg converters with unequal DC-links connected in series. This increases the number of voltage levels and contributes to reduce harmonic distortion and losses. Several PWM strategies are discussed (Space-Vector, Level-Shifted and Hybrid Level-Shifted PWM). The balance of separated DC sources is addressed in this paper. In order to achieve this, an adapted version of Level-Shifted PWM is developed. A feedforward controller is used to control the average value of the DC voltages. Simulation results compare losses and harmonic distortion of Three-Leg and Six-Leg topologies. Experimental results are provided to validate the feasibility of the system.


AIM
The aim of this study was to evaluate the haemodynamic changes in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy (IPHC) using an echo-Doppler device (Hemosonic 100).

METHODS

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
haemodynamic and cardiac function variables during IPHC, using a closed abdomen technique, were measured with the use of a non-invasive esophageal echo-Doppler monitor.

SETTING
operating room in an oncologic surgery department in hospital. Fifteen patients, ASA II or III with age ranging from 59 to 66 years were successively studied. All patients were under general anaesthesia with sevoflurane, remifentanil as titrated infusion, and cisatracurium for muscle relaxation. The standard monitoring included ECG, capnometry, invasive measurement of blood pressure and central venous pressure, pulsoximetry, diuresis, esophageal and tympanic temperature. Haemodynamic changes evaluated by an echo-Doppler device were recorded at predetermined times.

RESULTS
A significant reduction in stroke volume (SV) and aortic blood flow (ABF) values was recorded (P<0.05) during the abdominal cavity filling, followed by a significant increase in total systemic vascular resistance values (P<0.05). A significant increase in SV, ABF and left ventricular ejection time was recorded 90 min after the start of IPHC procedure (P<0.05) when the body temperature increased. Peak velocity and acceleration values increased significantly at the same time.

CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that the echo-Doppler device (Hemosonic 100) provided an easy-to-handle, non-invasive and reliable tool to monitor changes in cardiac parameters during IPHC.


Ballet is a world-renowned dance and its movements can be seen in athletes' education and training systems from various sports, especially those considered artistic sport, such as rhythmic gymnastics (RG). The competition system of this sport is driven by a Code of Points (CoP) that is established every four years and, although it has some changes during the years, remains in its essence clearly influenced by dance aspects as well as Ballet movements in its performance. Thus, the purpose of this research was to analyze the Ballet movements in RG routines in the 2013-2016 and 2017-2020 Olympic cycles, in order to further understand the relationship between RG and Ballet and compare them in two different RG Code of Points.  This was a quantitative research that analyzed 24 RG routines performed at RG World Championship (2013 and 2019) recorded and posted at one of the International Gymnastics Federation's official social media websites. Results show that: a.  there was no significant difference between the years (p ≥ 0,05), but the average of Ballet movements in the four apparatus routines in 2013 was higher than 2019; b. although the difference was not significant, the analysis of the magnitude of the effect size showed a small difference for ball (0.68) and clubs (0.29) and moderate for hoop (0.97) and ribbon (0.74); c. Ballet movements performed during Apparatus Difficulties (AD) and Dynamics Elements of Rotation (R) increased; those performed as connecting elements decreased.


Even though it's been around for the best part of 25 years, you could be forgiven for not being aware of what CASP stands for and what it does. Even if you knew that it is in fact the
Cambridge Arctic Shelf Programme based at the University of Cambridge, you would probably be wrong about the status and scope of the institution. Andrew McBarnet reports.

The engagingly frank Dr Iain Bartholomew, new managing director and chief geologist, admits that he had never heard of CASP until he saw his current post advertised. Today, he is better informed and brimming with enthusiasm about the role CASP can play in the changing world of oil industry exploration and production.
'What I recognize is that with all the merger activity and downsizing going on, oil companies have fewer and fewer people, but more and more assets which they're trying to manage. The result is that true frontier-type basin study work is no longer being properly done. Companies
just don't have the staff or people with the experience.'
Which still doesn't quite explain how CASP could fill the gap. To answer that question, a little history is required. CASP's origins go back to the immediate post Second World War era when the venerable geologist Brian Holland of geological timescale renown was a lecturer in the Cambridge University Geology Department (now Earth Sciences). He was in
the habit of taking geology PhD students to Spitzbergen. By the early 1960s Harland's original Cambridge Svalbard Expedition began to attract funding from the oil industry as interest started to grow in hydrocarbons prospects in Northwest Europe.


Abstract Epitaxial thin film growth of SrBi2Ta2O9/SrTiO3/Ce0.12Zr0.88O2 on Si was studied, and this epitaxial layer structure was applied to fabrication of ferroelectric-gate field effect transistors (FETs). The films were prepared by a pulsed laser deposition technique and epitaxial growth was identified by x-ray diffraction. The devices exhibited excellent electrical performances: Capacitance-voltage characteristic of a metal-ferroelectric-insulator-semiconductor (MFIS) diode showed a retention longer than 10 days and Id-Vg characteristic of an MFIS-FET showed 1 day retention. It is proved that the crystalline quality of ferroelectric thin films is of great importance to develop integrated devices with high performance.


ItJLany philosophical theories are said to be versions of prag matism or to contain elements of it. But even a cursory review of such theories indicates that there is, at best, a family resem blance between them.1 Some among these theories claim that our network of concepts are validated on pragmatic considerations,2 or again emphasize the role of action in the verification of certain types of statements.3 Our concern here, however, is with those theories that attempt to employ pragmatic tests directly as a criterion of truth at the level of individual beliefs, theories that envisage an immediate relationship between utility and (presump tive) truth.4 This position is not confined to the philosophical pragmatists of yore. More recent methodologists of science have reacted to Eudolf Carnap's thesis that science can dispense with accepting hypotheses as true by maintaining that scientists do accept hy potheses, albeit on practical rather than theoretical grounds. On the position adopted by this school of thought, "accepting a hy pothesis as true" is to be reinterpreted to amount to "acting or being disposed to act in the manner which would be best relative to a given objective." Accordingly, such theorists propose in


Abstract : Preparation of single crystals of YB12 and ScB12 was carried out and the structure of both compounds was examined. ScB12 was found to be tetragonal with a - 5.22A and c - 7.35A, space group I4/mmm. YB12 was found to be cubic in agreement with earlier reports. A detailed x-ray structure analysis was carried out to determine whether the form of the B12 grouping was cubo-octahedral or icosahedral. The cubo-octahedral grouping of the boron atoms is confirmed which is in agreement with that proposed by earlier writers based on steric considerations. The only variable parameter in the structure is found to be x - 0.1679, the B-B distance was determined to be 1.78A and Y-B distance is 2.79A. A new method for isolating metastable single crystals using a plasma is described. (Author)


This special issue is devoted to the Mathematical Analysis of Algorithms, which aims to predict the performance of fundamental algorithms and data structures in general use in Computer Science. The simplest measure of performance is the expected value of a cost function under natural models of randomness for the data, and finer properties of the cost distribution provide a deeper understanding of the complexity. Research in this area, which is intimately connected to combinatorics and random discrete structures, uses a rich variety of combinatorial, analytic and probabilistic methods.


Introduction: COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered virus named 'coronavirus' which is rapidly spreading all around the world thereby affecting the majority of the world population causing distress Most of the people who are infected with the COVID-19 virus are prone to experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment Only the aged and sick people are at high risk Materials and Methods: A self-structured questionnaire was distributed through an online google forms link to about 109 indi-viduals belonging to the parental population of India among all age groups The results were collected and the data was analyzed using SPSS software version 20 Results: The majority of the Indian parental population was aware of COVID-19 and also about maintaining the proper health of their children The results of the survey conclude that Indian parents are concerned about their children and their health Conclusion: Further, the campaign can be done to make the Indian parental population aware of ill-effects of COVID-19 © IJCRR


The Marine Evidence-based Sensitivity Assessment (MarESA) methodology was developed by the Marine Life Information Network (MarLIN) team at the Marine Biological Association of the UK. The following guide details the approach, its assumptions, and its application to sensitivity assessment.
The guide discusses:
• key terms used in sensitivity assessment;
• the definitions and terms used in the MarESA approach;
• its assumptions;
• the definition of resistance, resilience and sensitivity;
• the definition of pressures and their benchmarks;
• the step by step process by which the possible sensitivity of each feature (habitat, biotope or species) to each pressure is assessed;
• the interpretation and application of evidence to sensitivity assessments on a pressure by pressure basis; and
• limitations in the application of sensitivity assessments in management.
The MarESA methodology provides a systematic process to compile and assess the best available scientific evidence to determine each sensitivity assessment. The evidence used is documented throughout the process to provide an audit trail to explain each sensitivity assessment. Unlike other expert-based approaches, this means that the MarESA assessments can be repeated and updated.
The resultant 'evidence base' is the ultimate source of information for the application of the sensitivity assessments to management and planning decisions. The MarESA dataset and MarLIN website represent the largest review of the potential effects of human activities and natural events on the marine and coastal habitats of the North East Atlantic yet undertaken.


construal is unlikely to change, whereas the relevance of a concrete construal may be temporary (Trope & Liberman, 2010). For instance, when asked about health


Wiseman, a therapist, social worker, and teacher discusses a method of assisting an individual faced with a family crisis. Her approach, called mediation therapy, is described for professionals who are helping a person make decisions such as marriage, divorce, or institutionalizing a parent or chi


In fluorous biphase system, Hf[N(SO2C8F17)2]4 has been found to be an efficient catalyst for the Prins reaction of α-methyl styrene with aldehydes at low catalytic loading. The reaction proceeds sm...


Text Format, Text Comprehension, and Related Reader Variables Jodi L. Nichols This investigation explored relationships between format of text (electronic or printbased) and reading comprehension of adolescent readers. Also in question were potential influences on comprehension from related measures including academic placement of participants, gender, prior knowledge of the content, and overall reading ability. Influences were measured through an unaided text retell and a constructed-response assessment with traditional questioning. Participants' reading preferences and self-reported reading behaviors were also explored. Findings from regression analyses revealed that format of the text was not a significant predictor of reading comprehension for seventh grade students, despite participants' self-reported preference to reading electronic text. Conversely, participants' academic placements and overall reading abilities were significant predictors of comprehension, as measured by both retell and constructed-response assessments. Having prior knowledge of the subject content was advantageous for participants on retell measures but did not appear to impact performance on the constructed response assessment. Gender, however, significantly predicted comprehension on the constructed -response assessment but did not impact retell measures. There were no significant two-way interactions between the format of the text and academic placement, gender, prior knowledge, or overall reading ability. Findings from a two-part written survey revealed that seventh grade students in this study prefer reading electronic text, as compared to conventionally printed text. Additionally, those who read electronic text reported utilizing a greater number of comprehension strategies than those reading conventionally printed text. Males, as well as students in lower academic placement levels, reported using strategies most often.


Type of funding sources: None.

  to assess the incidence of various forms of atrial fibrillation (AF) among the patients with MI, the prevalence of various types of myocardial infarction (MI) among the patients with AF, the features of the in-hospital prognosis among the patients with MI, and AF compared with those without AF.

  1660 cases of patients with MI treated in 2013-18 - the main group (100 patients) were analyzed.

  AF occurred in 309 patients (18.6% of the total number of patients with MI). Preexisting AF was in 59.2% of patients. Patients with MI and AF were older than those without AF (mean age 75.2 ± 10.1 versus 64.6 ± 12.8, p <0.0001), among them there were more women (52.4% versus 35.5% in patients without AF, p <0.0001). Type 2 MI occurred 5 times more often among patients with MI and AF (p <0.0001). Further, 2 study groups were formed - the main (100 patients with type 1 MI and preexisting AF) and control (type 1 MI 200 patients without AF), adjusted for sex (58% of women in both groups), age (mean age 75.5 ± 8, 7 in the main group versus 75.2 ± 8.5 in the control group, p = 0.775). DM (45% versus 31.5%, p = 0.030), previous MI (40% versus 25.5%, p = 0.012) and stroke (21% vs. 11.5%, p = 0.037) were more common in the main group than in the control. Patients with MI and AF had lower GFR (56.8 ± 19.4 versus 61.7 ± 17.9 ml / min / 1.73 m2, p = 0.031), LDL (2.8 ± 0.9 versus 3.3 ± 1.0 mmol/L, p = 0.0002). Patients with AF had a lower left ventricular ejection fraction (55.2 ± 10.5 versus 59.8 ± 10.0 %, p = 0.0005). Significant mitral regurgitation was more common in the 1-st group (53.9% versus 30.3% in the control group, p = 0.0002). There were no significant differences in the incidence of acute heart failure (HF) (Killip 3-4) (20% versus 13%, p = 0.127). Patients in the 1-st and 2-nd groups did not differ in the number of affected coronary artery (p = 0.7327), the level of their damage (p = 0.1956), in the frequency of revascularization (p = 0.0686). Patients with MI and AF had worse in-hospital prognosis. Pulmonary embolism (PE) (9% in patients with AF versus 1% in patients without AF, p = 0.0011), minor bleeding (21% versus 9.5%, p = 0.0057), combined endpoint (stroke + PE + mortality) (19% versus 10.5%, p = 0.0415) were more common in the main group. At discharge, patients with AF had chronic HF III NYHA in 21.8% cases versus 5.5% in patients without AF, p = 0.0001. There were no significant differences in other endpoints (recurrent MI, stroke, major bleeding, and total mortality) between the groups during hospitalization. In-hospital mortality was 13% in the main versus 9.5% in the control group (p = 0.4276).

  AF occurs in 18.6% of patients with MI. Patients with AF and MI are older with the prevalence of females. Patients with type 1 MI and pre-existing AF is a group of high risk. PE, severe chronic HF, minor bleeding, and combined endpoint (stroke + PE + mortality) were significantly common among them.


The electronic characteristics of ZrCuGe2, ZrCuSi2, and HfCuSi2 are systematically investigated using C63u NMR spectroscopy. The quadrupole splittings, Knight shifts, and spin-lattice relaxation times on each individual compound have been identified. We found that the observed electric field gradient is consistent with the covalent bonding nature within the Cu atomic layers. The Knight shifts together with relaxation rates provide a measure of Cu d partial Fermi-level density of states, Nd(EF). Universally small Nd(EF) was found in all studied materials, suggests that the Cu d states are well below the Fermi energy and therefore the characteristic electronic structure near EF is primarily of sp type. We further pointed out that the low Nd(EF) value is an important factor for the lack of superconductivity in these Cu-based intermetallics within the ZrCuSiAs-type structure.


Railway cross-border transport is a special case of railway transport, which, due to the necessity of crossing the state border, raises many difficulties. They result from factors, among which the most important are other power systems, control systems, a variety of regulations regarding traffic management or even problems with communication, resulting from the different languages. These difficulties involve a number of consequences for the fluency and efficiency of transportation, but more importantly, have negative effects on safety. The article describes the main problems of cross-border transport on the example of Poland and two neighbouring countries (Germany and Czech Republic), which are also members of the European Union. For this purpose, in cooperation with the Polish railway undertakings, an analysis was carried out of processes conducted by these in the field of cross-border transport and identifies the main problems in this area. As part of the conducted research, potential solutions and improvements were also proposed. The article focuses solely on the issues of crossing the border and manoeuvring operations at stations close to the German and Czech borders, inasmuch as these processes constitute the largest area of activity of Polish railway undertakings within the framework of rail cross-border transport.


Objective:To observe the effect of a set of self-designed dietary guide cards on blood glucose of gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods: Ninety gestational diabetes mellitus patients were randomly assigned into control group and experimental group.Dietary guide card was used in experimental group to arrange food.Traditional dietary guide was used in control group.Blood glucose level and the occurrence of maternal and fetal complications between the two groups were observed and compared respectively.Results: The level of fasting plasma glucose,2-hr plasma glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin and the occurrence of maternal and fetal complications in experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P0.05).Conclusion: Dietary guide card is effective and practical to control blood glucose in an ideal level and can reduce the occurrence of maternal and fetal complications with high compliance.


In online monitoring the varying mean point of a random coefficient autoregressive model,if the varied mean point is far in position from the starting point of monitoring,it will take longer operation time in average to detect that varied mean point.To deal with this problem,we propose an improved procedure by introducing a window-width parameter.The asymptotic distribution of the monitoring statistic under null hypothesis is derived and its consistency is proved.Simulations show that our method is more powerful than the existing ones.This method has been applied to two groups of stock data for monitoring the variations of the mean points;results validate the effectiveness of the proposed procedure.


The role of the anesthesiologist in critical care has evolved significantly over the last several decades. While previously the future role of the anesthesiologist in the intensive care unit (ICU) has been uncertain (1), the skills of anesthesiology intensivists have created new avenues for developments in the management of critically ill patients and shock (2). In cardiothoracic critical care, anesthesiologists have played an increasingly central role in the management of advanced heart failure, shock, and mechanical circulatory support such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) alongside our cardiology and cardiac surgery colleagues (2,3). Despite a once uncertain trajectory, the future of cardiac critical care and the anesthesiologist's role within it is bright. In this article we will outline our vision of the future possibilities within anesthesia cardiac critical care based on historical context, present advancements, and future opportunities.


Contents: Invisible lines Land and rights to land Property Land tenure Land reform Land registration Specific aspects of land registration Bibliography Glossary Index Annex A.


A tenfold improvement in the accuracy of measured low-order structure factors for MgO has been achieved using the convergent beam electron diffraction technique. These results allow a meaningful comparison to be made with the latest calculations. We find that the MgO charge density can be described by a superposition of spherical ${\mathrm{Mg}}^{2+}$ and ${\mathrm{O}}^{2\ensuremath{-}}$ ions, but that a small nonspherical distortion of Mg and O is observable in both experiment and theory. The experimental charge distribution of ${\mathrm{O}}^{2\ensuremath{-}}$ is more diffuse than the theory, which may be due to the breathing effect of ${\mathrm{O}}^{2\ensuremath{-}}$ in a vibrating lattice.


In October of 2016, "Black Students and Allies of TCU" sent a letter to the chancellor outlining demands to be implemented to "encourage the incluseiveness of our campus and to change attitudes towards minorities on this campus." The demand prompted Chancellor Boschini to send a campus-wide email addressing the demands and discussing the actions to be taken by the University.


The design and implementation of CPU soft-core is necessary for SoC design since the soft-core can be tailored to fit actual applications. A 32-bit RISC integral microprocessor soft-core that is fully embedded in FPGA is described, including the design of hardware structure, instruction set and a simple assembler. According to the architecture of the aimed FPGA, the design of pipeline structure and critical path delay balancing are optimized. Some debugging techniques used are also discussed at the end of the paper. On Xilinx Virtex1000FG680-4, the designed microprocessor running clock is 30MHz with 150 instructions. The core occupies 7% FPGA logic resource.


For peer production communities to be sustainable, they must attract and retain new contributors. Studies have identified social and technical barriers to entry and discovered some potential solutions, but these solutions have typically focused on a single highly successful community, the English Wikipedia, been tested in isolation, and rarely evaluated through controlled experiments. We propose the Newcomer Homepage, a central place where newcomers can learn how peer production works and find opportunities to contribute, as a solution for attracting and retaining newcomers. The homepage was built upon existing research and designed in collaboration with partner communities. Through a large-scale controlled experiment spanning 27 non-English Wikipedia wikis, we evaluate the homepage and find modest gains, and that having a positive effect on the newcomer experience depends on the newcomer's context. We discuss how this impacts interventions that aim to improve the newcomer experience in peer production communities.


We study the effects of optimized monetary policy in a semi-structural, estimated small open economy in situations where the policymaker has either complete or less than complete confidence in the model being free from misspecification errors. We use the robust control techniques developed by Dennis, Leitemo and SA¶derstrA¶m (2006). We find that irrespective of the level of confidence to the model, the central bank may reduce loss by more than 80% by making a policy commitment. It is the open-economy channels introduce trade-offs in which commitment enhances policy outcome. If the policymaker lacks confidence in the model specification, a robust policymaker mainly fears that the exchange rate and domestic inflation equations are misspecified. Consequently, the robust policy is designed primarily to counteract these types of potential misspecifications. Policy becomes more aggressive towards all shocks. Although the exchange rate equation provides great opportunities for worst-case distortions, the exchange rate channels also provide ample ways in which policy can counteract distortions to the model, especially under policy commitment. The exchange rate channels can hence be viewed as both a curse and a blessing to the policymaker.


The utility model provides a high-temperature material cooling and waste heat recovery system for a calcination furnace, which comprises a steam drum and a superheater, wherein a steam drum gas outlet pipe, a water supply pipe, a return water main pipe and a water supply main pipe are arranged on the steam drum; the steam drum is communicated with the superheater through the steam drum gas outlet pipe; the steam drum is connected with a water supply pump through the water supply pipe; the water supply main pipe is communicated with water inlet pipes of a plurality of heat exchangers respectively; and the return water main pipe is communicated with water outlet pipes of the heat exchangers respectively. The utility model has the advantages as follows: the heat exchangers, the water inlet/outlet pipes and the valves are integrally connected and combine with the steam drum to form a closed circulation system, so as to effectively prevent the evaporation of water and reduce the water loss; based on the density difference due to the temperature difference between the inlet water and the outlet water and the height difference between the water inlet pipes and the water outlet pipes, the cooling water flows circularly within the heat exchangers and the whole system and continues flowing without needing the independent circulation pump, and the electricity is greatly saved; and the high-temperature material is completely cooled under the action of multi-stage cooling of the cooling coil pipes, the inner/outer heat exchangers and the cooling jackets, so that the high-temperature load of the discharge mechanism and the whole system is reduced and the service life of the system is prolonged.


Post-harvest rot of tubers of three cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) cultivars namely TMS 4(2)1425 (hybrid cultivar); and 2 local cultivars Oko-Iyawo and Odongbo) were surveyed in Southwestern Nigeria. A total of ten fungal organisms were isolated from rotted cassava tubers collected from eight towns in four states in Southwestern Nigeria. The most frequently isolated and pathogenic ones which were used in this study as the test pathogens are Lasiodiplodia theobromae; Macrophomina phaseolina; Rhizopus stolonifer; and Fusarium pallidoroseum,. Their cell wall degrading enzymes which are cellulase; amylase; polygalacturonase (PG); and pectin methyl esterase (PME) were also assayed. In all the three cultivars inoculated with each of the test pathogens, enzyme activities were found to increase with the incubation period between 6 and 8 days of inoculation and declined at day 10. The peak of enzyme activities declined at different periods for all the cultivars used. PME and PG activities were found highest in cultivar TMS 4(2) 1425 and least in Odongbo cultivar.Test pathogens also behaved differently when inoculated with the culture filtrates of the different enzyme activities. M. Phaseolina was found highest while F. pallidoroseum was the least in all the enzyme activities cultured except in pectin methyl esterase where Lasiodiplodia theobromae had the highest activity. Mycelia dry weight of the test pathogens were also found to increase with incubation period with F. pallidoroseum having the highest mycelia mats while L. theobromae had the least. Enzyme production and activities of the test pathogens in the utilization of the carbon sources varied with the different carbon sources and the test pathogens. All the test pathogens produced enzymes and had activity but at different levels.Generally, enzyme activities showed the rate of maceration of tissues and the extent of rot disease of cassava tubers as well as the aggressiveness and pathogenic abilities of the test pathogens.


Somatic mutations of the MAPK pathway occur in ~14% of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC; TCGA Provisional; www.cbioportal.org). Notably, mutations found in MAPK signaling components are apparent hotspot or activating mutations, potentially driving activation of the MAPK pathway. These mutations include HRAS p.G12V/D/A/C/S & p.G13V/R, MAPK1 p.E322K/*, BRAF p.D594N & p.V600E mutations. We found that this MAPK pathway mutated subset of HNSCC tumors have a higher mutational burden than MAPK-wildtype (WT) tumors. The average rate of non-synonymous mutations in MAPK pathway mutated tumors is 265.1±42.84 mutation/tumor vs 143.5±5.83 mutation/tumor in WT tumors in the TCGA cohort (P=0.0005). MAPK pathway mutations are not associated with HPV positivity (P=0.5815). Subsequent analysis shows that this subset of MAPK pathway-mutated tumors is unexpectedly associated with TP53 wildtype status (P=0.005584), as well as CASP8 mutations [29.3%; 27/92 cases vs. a 6.5% rate (27/418 cases) in the MAPK pathway WT group; P=9.91 x10-9]. Based on the current survival data of the TCGA Provisional cohort, it appears that patients whose tumors bearing HRAS, BRAF, MAPK1, MAP2K1, and RPS6KA1 mutations have a long median survival of 7.94 years (95.3 months; P=0.0165) vs. patients without these somatic mutations. Though TP53 WT status is a well-recognized biomarker for good prognosis in HNSCC, it only predicts with a median survival of ~45.8 months in this very same cohort. Thus, our findings suggest that MAPK pathway mutations may serve as potential genomic biomarkers for good prognosis in HNSCC. Recently, both HRAS and MAPK1 hotspot mutations have been shown to serve as potential neo-antigens in cervical cancer. Further investigation is needed to determine if these somatic MAPK pathway mutations are capable of mounting an anti-cancer immunity (via hotspot neo-antigens or neo-antigens due to higher mutational burden per se) in these patients, which may contribute to their improved survival. Acknowledgements: VWYL received funding supports from the Research Grant Council, Hong Kong (General Research Fund: #1711484, #17121616; Theme-based Research: T12-401/13-R) and the Hong Kong Cancer Fund, Hong Kong. Citation Format: Hoi-Lam Ngan, Andrew Y. Fong, Sharon Chan, Shing Chun Yu, Laura R. H. Ip, Jennifer R. Grandis, Vivian Lui. Somatic MAPK pathway mutations are associated with high mutational burden and good survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4278.


its The primary task is to obtain answer to the question: how much does it cost and why? An example of application the pair comparison method (used mainly for real estate appraisal) for farm tractor appraisal.


Abstract does not appear. First page follows.
 Introduction
 The senior writer's observations on the method of establishment of continuity between
 vessel segments in celery (Esau, 1936b)4 contradicted Priestley and his associates' (1935); (1938), p. 348) interpretation of this phenomenon in other plants. It seemed desirable,
 therefore, to survey the literature for references on vessel ontogeny and to check
 the results obtained with celery by using some other plants. Moreover, addition of
 microchemical tests to the morphologic observations appeared pertinent. These enlarged
 studies on the nature and longevity of vessel end walls are described in the present
 paper.
 Review of Literature
 The development of continuous xylem tubes by perforation or complete removal of end
 walls in series of superposed cells has been recorded by early workers (Treviranus, 1835); (Mirbel, 1837); and others). Among these, (von Mohl (1845a), (1845b), (1849) and (Cruger (1855)) observed that the continuity between the vessel elements was established after the
 development of the secondary thickenings5 on the longitudinal walls and after the formation of the rim of secondary nature
 on the end walls. Many of the subsequent workers also observed that the end walls
 were perforated during the final stages of vessel differentiation, that is, after
 the vessel elements attained their mature diameter and maximum wall thickness (de Bary, 1884), p. 165; (Strasburger, 1882), p. 81; (Lange, 1891); (Flach, 1924); (Eames and MacDaniels, 1925), p. 151; (Duerden, 1934); (Esau, 1936b).


Didactically proved use of Internet resources in all types of lectures and knowledge control becomes most important under the conditions of training credit-modular system introduction. There are considered the features of an Internet portal designed to support the study of optimization methods as well as its structure. It is focused on the possibilities of its use by future specialists in Informatics at independent study discipline "Methods of optimizations". The problem becomes relevant in the context of increasing the hours of self-study of educational disciplines and transfer of some training functions to technical means. To work effectively with portal we recommend the following methods: study of the theoretical material, testing, laboratory work, an in-depth examination of the material.


In the past decade, surveys of the stellar component of the Galaxy have revealed a number of streams from tidally disrupted dwarf galaxies and globular clusters. Simulations of hierarchical structure formation in ΛCDM cosmologies predict that the dark matter halo of a galaxy like the Milky Way contains hundreds of subhalos with masses of ~108 M☉ and greater, and it has been suggested that the existence of coherent tidal streams is incompatible with the expected abundance of substructure. We investigate the effects of dark matter substructure on tidal streams by simulating the disruption of a self-gravitating satellite on a wide range of orbits in different host models both with and without substructure. We find that the halo shape and the specific orbital path more strongly determine the overall degree of disruption of the satellite than does the presence or absence of substructure; i.e., the changes in the large-scale properties of the tidal debris due to substructure are small compared to variations in the debris from different orbits in a smooth potential. Substructure typically leads to an increase in the degree of clumpiness of the tidal debris in sky projection, and in some cases a more compact distribution in line-of-sight velocity. Substructure also leads to differences in the location of sections of debris compared to the results of the smooth halo model, which may have important implications for the interpretation of observed tidal streams. A unique signature of the presence of substructure in the halo which may be detectable by upcoming surveys is identified. We conclude, however, that predicted levels of substructure are consistent with a detection of a coherent tidal stream from a dwarf galaxy.


It is of great value from time to time to compare recent advances in the study of human anatomy with such facts as were formerly known and accepted by scientists as definitely determined. The attempt is well justified in connection with the various terminations of the optic nerve, although many excellent papers on this subject, especially in regard to the primary endings of the nerve, have in the past been published : those on the experimental work of Minkowski, 1 Brouwer and Zeemann 2 and Putnam and Putnam 3 ; those on the comparative studies of LeGros Clark, 4 Huber and Crosby 5 and Ariens Kappers, Huber and Crosby, 6 and others which will be quoted hereafter. Thorough studies which I have made have revealed several new facts discussed in this paper. It may first be predicated that all the fibers of the optic nerve arise in the retina ; the existence


Thank you very much for downloading the militant black writer in africa and the united states. As you may know, people have look hundreds times for their chosen novels like this the militant black writer in africa and the united states, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some infectious bugs inside their desktop computer.


Objecfive To study T cell subsets distribution in peripheral blood from patients with ankylosing spondylitis(AS)and the role of cell immunity in AS.Methods 30 patients with untreated active phase AS and 30 healthy volunteers were enrolled.The expression of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets were evaluated by flow eytome try.The correlation among T cell subsets and Bath AS function index(BASFI).Bath AS measurement index(BASMI),course of disease,age,ESR,hyper-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were analyzed.Results The level of CD4+ T cell and CD4/CD8+ratio were significantly lower than that of healthy volunteers[(29.24±9.22)% vs.(40.09±6.86) %,(0.96±0.49 ) vs.(1.70±0.67 ),P < 0.01 ],and CD8+ T cell were significantly higher than that of healthy volunteers [(32.91±6.86) % vs.(25.60± 5.97 ) %,P < 0.01 ].The level of CD4+ T cell subsets in peripheral blood of AS patients was negatively correlated with BASMI (r =-0.479,P < 0.01 ),and CD8+ T cell subsets were positively correlated with ESR,hs-CRP,BASFI and BASMI ( r = 0.373,0.430,0.462,0.530,P <0.05 ).The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ was negatively correlated with hs-CRP,BASFI and BASMI (r = -0.465,- 0.473,- 0.426,P < 0.05 ).CD4+,CD8+,ratio of CD4/CD8 were not significantly correlated with age and course of disease in patients with AS.Conclusion T cell subsets are significantly abnormal in peripheral blood of patients with AS,and the imbalance degree of T cell is correlated with severity and activity of AS,suggesting that T cell subsets imbalance plays an important role in the pathologensis of AS.

Key words:
Ankylosing spondylitis; T cell subsets; CD4+; CD8+


Purpose: The purpose of this study is investigating the effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation with aerobic exercise on plasma concentrations of inflammatory cytokine in atherosclerotic patients. Materials and Methods: In this single-blind clinical trial, 24 patients 35 to 45 years old with atherosclerosis participate and were randomly divided into 3 groups of 8 (A: supplementation with omega-3, B: Aerobic exercise plus taking omega-3 supplementation, C: Aerobic exercise with taking placebo). Aerobic exercise as running on a treadmill with the intensity (50-60% maximal heart rate, 3 times a week for 8 weeks), in each session, 90 seconds were added to the running time. Groups A and B during the 8-week, three meals a day (2714 milligrams) of omega-3 capsules received. Also, blood samples before and after each experimental protocol vein right arm after 5 minutes of sitting on a chair, 5 ml of blood for assessment of CRP, IL-6, and homocysteine levels were collected. Dependent t-tests to examine differences within groups and one-way ANOVA test to assess differences between groups with significance level P <0.05. Result: The results showed, however, after 8 weeks of training and supplementation with omega-3 fatty acid, CRP values in group A (P = 0.029) and group B (P = 0.001) significantly decreased and in group C (P = 0.781) had no significant change, However, the index of the post-test showed no significant difference between groups (P = 0.334). IL-6 and homocysteine levels also significantly decreased in both groups A and B and in the third group, despite the decline, but not significant. The values of these indicators in the post-test showed no significant difference between groups. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study can be claimed, the impact aerobic exercises along with omega-3 fatty acid supplementation because of its high anti-inflammatory properties, it can be useful to patients with cardiovascular problems. Therefore, it is recommended to patients with cardiovascular problems taking omega-3 fatty acids are taken seriously.


Jaap R. Bruijn's book offers a fascinating glimpse into the life of the commanders of the Dutch East India Company (Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie, VOC) in the eighteenth century. These commande...


The oxidation of niacinamide in alkaline media is carried out using potassium permanganate as a oxiding agent. The reaction was monitored using UV-Visible spectrophotometer at 525 nm. It was found to be zero order with respect to oxidant,, fractional order with respect to hydrogen ion concentration and first order with respect to substrate. The thermodynamic parameters(were determinied . The average (?G#) was found to be 87.60 KJ/mol. The values ?S# was found to be -0.2132 KJ/mole and energy of activation was found to be 23.95 KJ/mole. A suitable mechanism is proposed based on the experimental conditions.


Background: A 28-year-old lady of Asian origin presented with a painful left foot associated with swelling, purulent discharge and surrounding cellulitis. Her temperature was normal and blood results were within normal limits. Her past medical history included pulmonary tuberculosis. The patient had plain radiographs followed by a MRI scan of the left foot. She subsequently had a biopsy prior to surgical treatment.


Usually, paintings are more appealing than photographic images. This is because paintings have styles. This style can be distinguished by looking at elements such as motif, color, shape deformation and brush texture. We focus on the effect of "color" element and devise a method for transforming the color of an input photograph according to a reference painting. To do this, we consider basic color category concepts in the color transformation process. By doing so, we achieve large but natural color transformations of an image.


A CW Nd:MgO:LiNbO/sub 3/ self-frequency-doubling laser has been demonstrated at room temperature for the first time. The second-harmonic output at lambda =547 nm up to 18 mW was achieved in a simple resonator. >


The speech synthesizer described i n this thesis i s a computercontrolled s o l i d s t a t e analog of the human a r t i c u l a t o r y system. The synthesizer's design overcomes two serious d i f f i c u l t i e s which have previously hampered vocal tract analog r e a l i z a t i o n ; namely, the r e a l i z a t i o n of time-varying inductors and capacitors which require a minimum of computer service and whose important parameters are r e l a t i v e l y i n s e n s i t i v e to l.arge variations i n terminal voltage and current, s i g n a l frequency, and instantaneous element value; and the r e a l i z a t i o n of a control scheme which requires a minimum of computer storage capacity and service to the synthesizer. Present software provides control for the a r t i c u l a t o r y analog, allows on-line construction, evaluation, and modification'of words, displays a r t i c u l a t o r y parameters during speech production, and provides for automatic checkout of synthesizer hardware. The analog was used to synthesize vowels, semi-vowels, f r i c a t i v e s , stops, and English words. Spectrograms of synthesized phonemes were compared to published data. A r t i c u l a t o r positions and timing parameters for synthesized phoneme sequences and English words were evaluated using subjective l i s t e n i n g tests. F i f t y English^Xtfqrds were synthesized to demonstrate i n t e l l i g i b i l i t y , structure and complexity of synthesis rules, and to demonstrate that the synthesizer's accent can be learned quickly. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT i i TABLE OF CONTENTS i i i LIST OF FIGURES .. . v LIST OF TABLES . . . . v i i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT v i i i


The effect of the mineral oil citroline (agrochemical, insecticide and conidial dispersant agent) in the viability, and in the proteases and chitinases production of Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum was studied. Citroline showed a significant difference (p 0.05) in the fungal production of proteases and chitinases, the activities' halos were always reduced by the mineral oil, in 24.4 and 14.4%, respectively. The results suggest a negative effect on the viability of the fungus


Bronchogenic Cysts (BCs) are benign congenital malformations commonly located in the mediastinum. In recent years the development of antenatal diagnosis has changed the BCs management allowing an earlier minimally invasive approach. We report a case of an asymptomatic 8-months-old girl with antenatal diagnosis of subcarinal posterior mediastinal BC. Thoracoscopic excision of the cyst was successfully performed. The management of antenatally diagnosed BCs is discussed. Thoracoscopic treatment of BCs is safe and effective with the advantage of a reduced morbidity compared to thoracotomy.


Introduction: Subdural hematoma (CSD), the accumulation of blood flow to the cortical surface but below the inner layer of dura, stems from bleeding of bridging veins or cortical arteries triggered normally by traumas. Chronic subdural hematomas (cSDH) are well documented in infants where it is frequently observed as a single entity. Case Presentation: Albeit cSDH is rare amongst children older than one year, the current report presents the case of a nine-year- old male with no trauma history developing spontaneous chronic subdural hematoma. Surgical management was performed, and there was a satisfactory evolution. Conclusions: In spite of the lower incidence of cSDH in children, leading to misdiagnosis, early diagnosis and treatment with cran- iotomy and drainage suggests excellent prognosis.


We examined the effects of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) inhibition on the longitudinal distribution of pulmonary vascular resistance and on arachidonic acid metabolism during endotoxemia in awake sheep. Mean pulmonary artery (Ppa), left atrial (Pla), and systemic artery pressure (Psa) were continuously measured, and cardiac output (CO) was continuously monitored by an implanted ultrasonic flow probe. We advanced a 7-French Swan-Ganz catheter into distal pulmonary artery and measured the pulmonary microwedge pressure (Pmw) with the balloon deflated, allowing calculation of upstream pulmonary vascular resistance (PVRup = [Ppa - Pmw]/CO) and down-stream PVR (PVRdown = [Pmw - Pla]/CO), respectively. In paired studies, endotoxin (1 μ g/kg) was infused over 30 minutes with and without N ω -nitro-L-arginine (NLA) treatment. NLA (20 mg/kg) was administered 30 minutes before endotoxin infusion. Endotoxin caused increases in PVRup and PVRdown. Pretreatment with NLA increases PVRup at baseline and enhanced increases in both PVRup and PVRdown during endotoxemia. Plasma level of thromboxane B 2 (TxB 2) and prostacyclin (6-keto = PGF 1 α) significantly increased 1 hour after endotoxin administration (TxB 2, 308.3 ± 94.8 [SE] to 2163.5 ± 988.5 pg ml -1, P <. 05; 6-keto=PGF 1 α, 155.6 ± 91.4 to 564.9 ± 131.8 pg ml -1, P <. 05), but the increased levels were similar to those in the NLA-pretreated animals. We conclude that endogenous NO mainly regulates precapillary vascular tone at baseline, and that NO modulated pre- and postcapillary vascular constriction during endotoxemia in sheep. It appears that cyclooxygenase production in response to endotoxin is unaffected by NO and its vascular effects.


Comment: The term "tomography" is usually used in geophysics to mention 2D images, often referring to vertical crosssections. In the case of 3D reconstruction like here, the term "imagery" should be preferred in the title and in the text of the manuscript. Response: As stated in the general response to the reviewer comment we adopt the notion of "imaging" in the title and on occasions where we refer to the 3D reconstruction. In the main text, muon tomography is introduced as a geophysical imaging technique. Additionally, "tomography" is used as part of the term "muon tomography" which is a (admittedly unprecise) description of the technology and widely used in the community. We therefore find it better to leave this term as it is.


The search for the most effective conflict resolution procedure requires identfication of the primary objective in resolving different kinds of disputes. This Article focuses on the kind of disputes considered in the legal system and draws on the results of the authors' empirical studies to develop a general theory ofprocedure for attaining the objectives of "truth" and "ustice" in situations of cognitive conflict, conjlict of interest, and in "mixed" disputes. In this Article, we propose a general theory of procedure for resolving conflicts, with special attention to disputes dealt with in the legal process. For a number of years we have applied the theories and methods of social psychology in our research to examine and compare the characteristics of various procedural systems incorporated in the legal process.' Until now we have published only the reports of particular projects, with occasional speculation about more general issues. But now we have developed the body of our research sufficiently to make a more comprehensive statement. In this Article we propose a general framework for analyzing and classifying all conflict resolution procedures, including, of course, all procedures employed in the legal proc-


Machine-baler, comprising in combination: a hopper (2) for receiving therein bale-shaping material; and bale-shaping chamber (4) to form the shaping material into a desired roll bale (R); and the machine body (1) on which said components are mounted, a gap space (S) defined between said components; a distribution mechanism (5) for dispensing twine or net, mounted on the upper part of said space interval (S); and a conveyor (3) for transporting the shaping material discharged from a discharge conduit (20) into a receiving port (40) of said shaping chamber (4) in a space extending from below the duct discharge defined in the lower surface of said hopper (2) to said receiving port (40) of said shaping chamber (4) through the bottom of said space interval (S), said machine for forming bales cylindrical characterized in that said conveyor (3) is divided into two parts: a conveying side of the hopper (3a) disposed in a space extending from below the discharge conduit (20) defined in the bottom of said hopper (2 ) to a front position beneath said delivery mechanism (5); and a conveyor side of the bale-shaping chamber (4b) arranged to extend from beneath the delivery mechanism (5) to the receiving port (40) of said shaping chamber (4) in order to send the shaping material discharged from the end of said conveyor (3a), resuming the transport of the same from the conveyor (3a), the carrier side of the hopper (3a) and the side transporting the bale-shaping chamber (3b) carried out independently from each other.


Short distance optical communication is challenging in significant part because the expense of constructing effective systems is high. We describe an optical data communication system that is designed to operate over very short distances (neighboring chips on a board) and is compatible with traditional CMOS fabrication, substantially decreasing the cost to build relative to previous approaches. Polarization division multiplexing is exploited to increase the achievable data rates.


We have demonstrated high performance temperature insensitive narrow ridge waveguide QD lasers near 1.3 /spl mu/m using four stacks of InAs QD layer embedded within strained InGaAs quantum wells as an active region. For a 1.5 mm long cavity QD laser, ground state CW lasing has been achieved with single facet output power of 15 mW and a differential slope efficiency of 35% at temperature as high as 100C, while at room temperature having a differential quantum efficiency about 55% and single facet output power of 50 mW. The characteristic temperature for ground state CW lasing is 78 K at temperatures ranging from 200C to 1000C.


We agree with the authors of the letter that there is no established official nomenclature for lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) genovariants. Moreover there are two so-called L2c variants reported in the literature, based on different typing methodologies [3,4]. The reference that we used to characterise the strains in our report was the L2c variant described by Somboonna et al. [4]. In particular, a partial sequence of the ompA gene of this variant was employed for typing, and, as stated in the letter, 'It is important to recognise that the use of the term 'L2c genotype' in the case of the L2-D recombinant strain is a misnomer, as the ompA-genotype of this strain is an archetypal L2', this sequence proved to be identical, at least at protein level, to the L2 sequence.


The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of anti-dumping instrument in Brazil two aspects: the relationship between antidumping filings and macroeconomic factors; and the effects of macroeconomic variables and industry size on the likelihood of petitioner law enforcement antidumping. The results showed that macroeconomic variables have no effect on the number of antidumping filings for the Brazilian economy from 1990 to 2007. Moreover, result supports the hypothesis that adverse scenarios in the national economy and the specific characteristics of sectors petitioners for the increased probability of conclude by the application of antidumping law, reducing its effectiveness.


As one of key control systems in the nuclear reactor, the nuclear reactor power control system is complicated, and requires very high level of reliability. Usually the power control systems in old reactors are implemented by analogy technology, but the digitalized one will be more powerful and advantageous, and of course be difficult. The paper presents one solution for the digitalized power control system of an experimental reactor, and its methodologies, including the adoption of commercial computer hardware, redundant and interlocked software, strict quality assurance, final verification via partial practicality simulation experiments, with the intention to prove the digitalized power control system is practical, credible, reliable, and economical.


The generation of functional interfaces such as superconducting and ferroelectric twin boundaries requires new ways to nucleate as many interfaces as possible in bulk materials and thin films.Materials with high densities of twin boundaries are often ferroelastics and martensites.Researchers in State


An assistance of safe driving is one of the most remarkable field in ITS. In this paper, a system for detecting dangerous vehicles from rear scene using image processing is proposed. The system is very useful for avoiding collisions which occur when changing lanes, or warning following drivers of the sudden collision possibility. The system is comprised of three image processing parts; the Lane Detection, the Vehicle Detection, the Vehicle Observation. Especially, in the Vehicle Detection, a new method for detecting only front faces of following vehicles without their sides is proposed. It is achieved because boundary lines between the vehicle front and the side are detected stably by Area Over-Division and Area Integrate. The detection of boundary lines is treated as the detection of dividing lines which divide into two areas. In the system, the problem of detecting vehicles is divided into many simple steps, and in comparison to conventional researches that try to search correct things, incorrect things are searched and only those are removed on each step. Therefore, only correct front faces remain after many steps. This system has already been experimented as a real time system in-vehicle.


What is "open access"?
 Open access (OA) has to do with making access to scholarly content freely available to all. As a term, it is often used in opposition to "toll access," which refers to the prevailing system in scholarly communication now—one whereby people gain...


The hot rolling process of a low Nb-microalloyed steel under different interpass time conditions is simulated by means of hot torsion tests. Subsequent graphic representation of the Mean Flow Stress (MFS) versus the inverse of the absolute temperature for each pass allows us to know the critical rolling temperatures (Tnr, Ar3, Ar1) and to characterize the progressive strengthening of austenite due to incomplete recrystallization between Tnr and Ar3, thanks to the measurement of a magnitude called accumulated stress (Δσ). Optical and electron microscopy studies demonstrate that the evolution of the microstructure and the precipitation state—particularly the mean particle size—over the rolling schedule is strongly dependent on the interpass time. A review is made of the expressions that have been proposed to estimate the values of recrystallization driving (FR) and pinning forces (FP). Using these expressions and the experimental data from the hot rolling simulations performed, the evolution of FR and FP during rolling is studied. A comparative analysis of hypotheses concerning the interaction between precipitates and migrating grain boundaries is achieved and the methods for estimating the volume fraction of precipitates and the dislocation density are assessed. Though the selected criterion significantly influences the values obtained for both forces, it is found that FP always grows faster than FR as the rolling temperature drops, which helps to explain the start of inhibition of the static recrystallization of austenite at temperatures below Tnr.


This note contains a discussion of some convexity properties of 00 the sequence {sn}n=O defined by s0 := 1 and the recurrence relation any positive n . n-n- constant.


A new class of DC/DC and DC/AC power amplifier is the subject of this paper. The proposed power converters work on the basis of charging a capacitor in a controlled manner to synthesise any waveform at the output from the regulated/unregulated DC voltage at the input. This paper first reports the principle of operation of such waveform synthesiser and then proceeds to detail the performance of typical DC/DC and DC/AC power conversion at regulated voltages. PSPICE based simulations are reported to explore the idea and experimental results from laboratory-prototype are also added to confirm the usefulness of the proposed concept.


A BODIPY–thiophene polymer modified by extending conjugation of the BODIPY chromophore is reported. This modification induces tunability of energy levels and therefore absorption wavelengths in order to target lower energies.


Funding information China Scholarship Council, Grant/Award Number: 201608320224; H2020 European Research Council, Grant/Award Number: 832460; PetroChina Scientific Research and Technology Development Project, Grant/ Award Number: 2018A-0907; Scientific Research and Technology Development Project of RIPED, PetroChina, Grant/Award Number: YGJ2019-11-01 Abstract In order to investigate the impacts of a concentration dependent static permittivity in the Debye–Hückel theory, two electrostatic Helmholtz free energy models and four activity coefficient models, with the ion-solvent interactions naturally included, are derived under different assumptions. The effects of static permittivity and model parameters are analyzed by predicting the mean ionic activity coefficients. It is found out that it is reasonable to assume a constant static permittivity in deriving the electrostatic Helmholtz free energy model but it is highly recommended to take the concentration dependence of static permittivity into account in subsequent calculations of thermodynamic properties. The activity coefficient model derived in this way accurately predicts the mean ionic activity coefficients of the investigated systems up to 0.1 mol/kg H2O, which indicates that the size parameters in the Debye–Hückel theory might be determined in advance before it is integrated into a more complete thermodynamic model.


■ CHILDHOOD I was born in Santa Coloma de Farners, a town in the province of Girona in Catalonia, the ancestral place of origin of my mother's family. As a child I attended a Catholic school in Mataro,́ an industrial town 30 km north of Barcelona. The school, for boys only, combined kindergarten, elementary, and high school. Impressions in a child's brain are deep and lasting, so it is not surprising that I have kept some of mymost vivid memories from that time. I see myself during class breaks in school playing and indulging in my favorite game of narrating adventure stories improvised on the spot to a chorus of other boys, who listened and interrupted to insert their own stories, so that the narrative became collective, meandering left and right toward some unknown finale, unimportant per se, except that it served to keep our brains connected as in a symphonic performance. All this happened in Catalan, our native language, which was highly repressed during Franco's fascist regime following the Spanish civil war. On one unforgettable occasion I was caught speaking Catalan in class with other students and punished with the task of writing 1000 times, "I will not speak in Catalan". This was a shocking awakening of consciousness revealing the cultural oppression of post-civil war Catalonia. At the time the school was divided into two sections: one for the poor, the other for the rich (in spite of the fact that the school was founded by Saint Joseph of Calasanz in 1597 with the express mission of educating the poor). This division was justified by the syllogism that, to help the poor, money was necessary, and since tuition from the students of well-to-do families could provide it, it followed that the ends justified the means. Not surprisingly, the quality of the teachers was lower in the "poor student" section. I spent several years in that section since my family could not afford the higher tuition. My father, who had received a reasonably good education in a Seminary before the civil war (as education was free for candidates to the priesthood), quickly realized that I would not progress unless I moved to the "rich" section, which happened with great economic sacrifice for my family. The following years, however, bring happy memories. I learned quickly and insatiably. I wrote poetry because our compulsory periodic essay writing had to be several pages long if written in prose, but one page was acceptable if written as a poem. I now wish I had kept those poems (of childish quality to be sure), although I still remember one after nearly 60 years. My father was the real inspiration for my eagerness to absorb knowledge of all kinds, literary and scientific. He conveyed to me a love for science and a passion for reading, which was his main entertainment. I imitated him by reading during the long summer vacation periods all of his books (except those in Latin), and particularly those on natural science, a nicely illustrated Bible, and his adventure books.


The propagation of the modulated wave (MW) pattern and its instability in the nonlinear medium is an important study from where experimental results are obtained. In this work, we use the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) with saturation nonlinearity (SN) which describes the solitonic waves in the molecular chain (MC) model. We set our study on the effectiveness of the acoustic longitudinal velocity (ALV) which is related to the acoustic longitudinal vibration to investigate the behavior of the MW patterns as well as the modulation instability (MI) gain. Its results are that the ALV creates instability zones, increases MI bands, and shortens the transition regime of the MW pattern. For a long time of simulation and a great enough value of the ALV, the MWs feature chaos-like motion. Alongside these results the ALV obvious itself as a tool control of MWs as well as an energy source for the propagation of diverse MW-shaped in the MC.


We make analysis of Shandong marine industrial structure in space and time dimensions,respecturely.Using shift-share analysis method,we analyze the marine industry structures of 11 coastal provinces in China and comparatively evaluate that of Shandong.Based on the analysis of the rules of the three structure evolutions of Shandong marine industry,it determines the evolution direction of Shandong marine industrial structure.Finally,we make some suggestions of optimizing and upgrading the marine industrial structure of Shandong province.


Boongurrus rivulus gen. et sp.n. is described from tropical Queensland. Boongurrus is related to Liodessus Guignot, but is characterised by elongate shape, dense punctation and short apical segment of the paramere. B. rivulus is a predacious water beetle occurring in sand and gravel in headwater streams and springs in open eucalypt woodlands.


Seoul and Tokyo then can reach to an agreement on a broader strategic issue as well based on the restored confidence. Tokyo then can take a more softer stance in dealing with the thorny modern history issue, trusting that South Korea is not determined to side with China in the latter's expansionist ambition. Resolution of the Korea-China ancient history friction will bring about a spiral of benign repercussions.


Due to the ever-increasing reliance of the society on the Enterprise Information Systems (EIS), these systems need to be up and running all the time. Malfunction even for a short time can have disastrous consequences in many environments such as banks where almost all of the processes are performed through the IS round-the-clock. This situation is aggravated by the competitive environment where AbstrAct


Increasing the use of wood in buildings is regarded by many as a key solution to tackle climate change. For this reason, a lot of research is carried out to develop new and innovative wood surface improvements and make wood more appealing through features such as increased durability, fire-retardancy, superhydrophobicity, and self-healing. However, in order to have a positive impact on the society, these surface improvements must be applied in real buildings. In this review, the last five years of research in the domain of wood surface improvements and modifications is first presented by sorting the latest innovations into different trends. Afterward, these trends are correlated to specifications representing different normative, ecologic and economic factors which must be considered when expecting to introduce a wood treatment to the market. With this review, the authors hope to help researchers to take into consideration the different factors influencing whether new innovations can leave the research laboratory or not, and thereby facilitate the introduction of new wood surface treatments in the society.


In the conventional (so-called Schrödinger-picture) formulation of quantum theory the operators of observables are chosen self-adjoint and time-independent. In the recent innovation of the theory, the operators can be not only non-Hermitian but also time-dependent. The formalism (called non-Hermitian interaction-picture, NIP) requires a separate description of the evolution of the time-dependent states ψ(t) (using Schrödinger-type equations) as well as of the time-dependent observables Λj(t), j=1,2,…,K (using Heisenberg-type equations). In the unitary-evolution dynamical regime of our interest, both of the respective generators of the evolution (viz., in our notation, the Schrödingerian generator G(t) and the Heisenbergian generator Σ(t)) have, in general, complex spectra. Only the spectrum of their superposition remains real. Thus, only the observable superposition H(t)=G(t)+Σ(t) (representing the instantaneous energies) should be called Hamiltonian. In applications, nevertheless, the mathematically consistent models can be based not only on the initial knowledge of the energy operator H(t) (forming a "dynamical" model-building strategy) but also, alternatively, on the knowledge of the Coriolis force Σ(t) (forming a "kinematical" model-building strategy), or on the initial knowledge of the Schrödingerian generator G(t) (forming, for some reason, one of the most popular strategies in the literature). In our present paper, every such choice (marked as "one", "two" or "three", respectively) is shown to lead to a construction recipe with a specific range of applicability.


To optimize the travel time of priority vehicles (PV) and fluidize road traffic in Moroccan cities, we propose in this paper a control system to manage traffic at signalized intersections in urban areas, based on a multi-agent technology and fuzzy logic. the traffic system flow is divided into two types of vehicles; priority and non-priority vehicles, and a group of lanes assigned to each type, the ordinary vehicles can exploit only the ordinary lanes, while the PV may use both the priority and the ordinary lanes. This approach aims to favor emergency vehicles and promote collective modes of transport, it acts on the durations of the traffic light phases to control the different flows. We proposed a decentralized system of regulation based on the supervision of each lane which connects two intersections to build a local view of the crossroad, and intelligent cooperation between neighboring intersections to develop an overview of the environment. The regulation and prioritization decisions are made in real-time by fuzzy logic inference, communication, collaboration, and coordination between different agents. The performance of the proposed system is validated and designed in ANYLOGIC simulator, using a virtual road network that represents a section of the Marrakesh network.


Continuous recordings of diameter variations using LVDT gauges were made on potted or field grown apple and peach-trees to seek a reliable indicator of water stress. The first and general indication of water stress was the decrease and stoppage of daily growth in stem diameter. When water was sufficiently available in the soil, maximum daily shrinkage was a versatile indicator of transpiration stream intensity. When water availability in the soil strongly decreased two kinds of specific daily shrinkage patterns appeared: a) 'peach-tree' pattern, whose maximum daily shrinkage markedly increased as water stress became more severe, and b) 'apple-tree' pattern, where maximum daily shrinkage under severe water stress was smaller than its well watered value. Parameters for irrigation automation designs are proposed by processing both daily growth data and daily shrinkage data.


In this paper, we report on a comparison of collisionless simulations on global modes (i.e. low poloidal mode number) with the gyrokinetic particle-in-cell code NEMORB against analytical theory and the gyrokinetic semilagrangian code GYSELA. Only axisymmetric modes, i.e. with toroidal mode number n = 0, are considered, and flat equilibrium profiles. Benchmarks are performed for geodesic acoustic modes against local analytical theory. In the presence of energetic ions, benchmarks of NEMORB are performed against GYSELA. The models of adiabatic versus trapped-kinetic versus fully kinetic-electrons and of electrostatic versus electromagnetic at very low beta are compared. Scalings of Alfvén modes are also presented.


The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a 7‐week standardized cognitive behavioural treatment of work‐related stress conducted via e‐mail. A total of 342 people applied for treatment in reaction to a newspaper article. Initial screening reduced the sample to a heterogeneous (sub)clinical group of 239 participants. Participants were assigned randomly to a waiting list condition (n = 62), or to immediate treatment (n = 177). A follow‐up was conducted 3 years after inception of the treatment. The outcome measures used were the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS‐42) and the Emotional Exhaustion scale of the Maslach Burnout Inventory – General Survey (MBI‐GS). Fifty participants (21%) dropped out. Both groups showed statistically significant improvements. Intention‐to‐treat analysis of covariance (ANCOVAs) revealed that participants in the treatment condition improved significantly more than those in the waiting control condition (0.001<p⩽0.025). In the treatment group, the effects were large to moderate (0.9 (stress)⩾d⩾0.5 (anxiety)). The between‐group effects ranged from d = 0.6 (stress) to d = 0.1 (anxiety). At follow‐up, the effects were more pronounced, but this result requires replication in view of high attrition at follow‐up. The results warrant further research on Internet‐driven standardized cognitive behavioural therapy for work‐related stress. Such research should include the direct comparison of this treatment with face‐to‐face treatment, and should address the optimal level of therapist contact in Internet‐driven treatment.


As personal computers have been recently improved in performance, a multi-tasking of running several applications at the same time has been gene ralized. Since only one task space is provided for performing such tasks in the Windows operating system, a number of computer users feel inconvenience. In this paper, w e suggest a 3D Virtual Desktop System which can show a process of switching task spaces in 3D motion using DirectX. Our system aims to make up for the weak points in the Windows operating system, and to provide a computer user with more spaces for performing several tasks as well as the intuitive UI(User Interface), such as Compiz of Linu x.


Job satisfaction has a significant and negative impact on voluntary job quits that may vary in size by gender. If women are more likely than men to quit dissatisfying jobs and therefore interrupt their careers, then gender gaps in earnings, labor force participation and leadership roles may persist. However, the improvement of these gender gaps over time may reflect a convergence between genders in how job satisfaction affects quit decisions. Using panel data comprised of two cohorts of similarly aged workers in the US, women's quit behavior in the past was significantly more responsive to job satisfaction than men's quit behavior. Yet, this gender difference vanished over time. Fixed effects estimations and robustness checks confirm these results.


The influence of surface roughness on the corrosion and hydrogen permeation behaviour was evaluated on a type API 5L-X52 steel in deaerated 0.1 M Na 2 SO 4 at pH=2. Potentiodynamic polarization curves were employed to determine the electrochemical behaviour of the steel, while the Devanathan-Stachurski technique was used to estimate the hydrogen permeation rate. Additionally, the surface roughness profiles were obtained in order to correlate the changes in the hydrogen permeation rate with different metal surface finishings. The obtained results clearly demonstrate that when the roughness parameters have larger values, the cathodic current of hydrogen evolution increases while the hydrogen entry rate decreases. This effect can be attributed to the microstructural defects induced at the steel surface, such as dislocations, which increase the catalytic activity of the atomic hydrogen favouring its recombination. Also, these defects could allow the atomic hydrogen to remain adsorbed on the steel surface. Both effects could hinder the hydrogen diffusion into the metal since the possibility for this atom of becoming absorbed has been reduced


Presented at the half-day symposium 'Package Dyeing - A Growth Area in Dyeing', held by the Manchester Region, at Lancashire County Cricket Club, Old Trafford, Manchester, on 2 October 1974.

Platt Longclose equipment for dyeing carpet yams in package form is described. The economic advantages of package dyeing in comparison with hank dyeing are indicated.


A Northern Hawk Owl nest was found in a metal cavity on the superstructure of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline. This may be the only record of Northern Hawk Owls nesting on a man-made structure in North America.