In this paper, new alkali-free hydroxyl sulfobetaine surfactant designed for the target oil reservoir in our laboratory was used. The interfacial tension property, emulsifying capability, peeling the oil film between surfactant/polymer binary oil-displacing system and the target crude oil and the viscosity of the system were investigated systematically. Finally, oil-displacement capacity of the binary oil-displacing system on the target reservoirs natural cores was discussed. The experimental results indicated under the actual condition of the target oil reservoir with total salinity ranging from 4694mg/L to 24270mg/L and temperature being 50°C, the surfactant/polymer binary oil-displacing system with surfactant mass fraction ranging from 0.025% to 0.2% and polymer mass fraction of 0.15% could reach ultra-low interfacial tension with the target crude oil rapidly. The surfactant/polymer binary system above mentioned could emulsified crude oil easily and the volume fraction of WinsorIII middle phase microemulsion could be up to 53.06%. It also could peel the oil film adhered to oil-wet quartz plate quickly and increase the viscoelastic of surfactant/polymer binary oil-displacing system slightly. The displacement experiments made by using natural core in the target oil field indicated that oil recovery was improved by 15% after water flooding. All these results showed that hydroxyl sulfobetaine surfactant had a good potential for flooding in EOR.


In a society preoccupied with gradual erosion of electronic privacy, loss of privacy in current DNS queries is an important issue worth considering. From the definition, the privacy problem is to prove that none of the private data can be inferred from the information which is made public. The privacy disclosure problem in DNS Query was well analyzed by Zhao et al. from MUE 2007. In this paper, we first analyze the "Range Query " from that paper, then by results of that scheme and another well-known client- to-server privacy-preserving query scheme: Two- DBServer Private Information Retrieval theory, we propose a new privacy-preserving DNS Query scheme, which was proved to achieve higher efficiency and theoretic privacy.


As the time-reversed analog of the source, the sink is an abstraction of a device that can absorb incident symmetrical waves at a point. Such a device is useful for its ability to create an arbitrarily small focusing spot, surpassing the conventional diffraction limit. Sinks have been created using impedance matching and active cancellation; however, these techniques require the introduction of tailored loss or gain into the system. Here, we demonstrate a new method for creating a sink that requires no loss or gain but instead relies on complex frequency excitations, harmonic excitations that exponentially grow or decay in time. Recent work has shown how complex frequency excitations in Hermitian systems enable phenomena such as PT symmetry and perfect absorption that are typically only associated with non-Hermitian systems. We will discuss the theory of the complex frequency sink and analyze the case of a sink in a thin elastic plate. We will present experimental results where the scattering of a symmetric scatterer is minimized by complex frequency waves launched by piezoelectric patches. Laser-doppler vibrometer measurements of the plate shows the resonator's curious behavior as a loss and gain free sink.


In this paper, the use of a Moving Horizon Estimator (MHE) is investigated to address a class of state estimation problems dealing with multi-rate sensor fusion in presence of time-delayed measurements. As it makes use of a batch of past measurement and state estimates, MHE is indeed a good candidate to deal with "missing" measurements. Nevertheless, since Moving Horizon Estimation relies on solving online an optimization problem to compute the state estimate, its computational load may be prohibitive for practical implementation to fast dynamical systems. Therefore this paper proposes a computationaly efficient implementation scheme for a variable structure linear MHE dealing with multi-rate time-delayed measurements, in the case where an analytical solution of the underlying optimization problem can be found. A simulation example is considered for performance comparison of the proposed MHE with respect to several state-of-the-art estimators, in terms of accuracy and computation time.


Two‐dimensional shallow water models have been widely used in forecasting, risk assessment, and management of floods. Application of these models to large‐scale floods with high‐resolution terrain data significantly increases the computation cost. In order to reduce computation time, shallow water models are simplified by neglecting the inertial and/or convective acceleration terms in the momentum equations. The local inertial models have proved to significantly improve the computational efficiency even for large‐scale flood forecasting. However, instability issues are encountered on smooth surfaces of urban areas having low friction values. This problem was resolved by de Almeida et al. (2012, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011WR011570) by introducing limited artificial diffusion in the form of weighting factors for the neighboring fluxes. The arbitrary value of the weighting factor poses a practical limitation of being case specific and requiring calibration for accurate solutions. This study derives an explicit expression for the weighting factor, an adaptive formulation dependent on local velocity, flow depth, grid, and time step size, which eliminates the need for trials and approximations. Comparisons between analytical, experimental, and real‐world applications confirm the accuracy and robustness of the proposed weighting factor. Implementation of adaptive weights results in less computation time compared to LISFLOOD‐FP (~1.2 times) and holds a significant advantage over HEC‐RAS (~25.9 times) as it allows the use of larger time step at higher Courant‐Friedrichs‐Lewy (CFL) values. The contribution of the present study therefore resolves an important problem of current large‐scale flood simulations, especially those implemented in real time.


In order to study the size dependency of grazing and growth rates in zooplankton, data were collected from laboratory studies in the literature, covering both limnic and marine organisms. Data were obtained from about 60 species of nano‐, micro‐, and mesozooplankton, representing flagellates, ciliates, rotifers, meroplankton larvae, copepods, and cladocerans. Estimates of maximum ingestion and clearance were extracted from functional responses (ingestion rates as a function of food density) established from laboratory experiments. Maximum specific rates were expressed as a function of predator body volume. Maximum specific clearance and ingestion rates decreased with predator volume within each group of zooplankton, with a common exponent (scaling factor) of −0.23 (SE = ±0.12) in accordance with previous findings. However, significant differences were found between groups. In particular, among the protists, ciliates display maximum ingestion, growth, and clearance rates that exceed those of dinoflagellates by a factor of 2–4. Among the metazooplankton, calanoid copepods have maximum clearance rates that exceed those of filter‐feeding cladocerans and meroplankton larvae by a factor of 10. Because of these differences between the groups, the entire set of observations could not be fitted by an overall regression.


Objective:To observe the the influence of Wuchong powder on expression of Nephrin mRNA and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) mRNA on C-BSA-induced nephrotic rats'glomeruluses.Methods:To established the rat models with nephritis induced by C-BSA,SD rats were randomly divided into the high-dosage of Wuchong powder group(TCM1),low-dosage of Wuchong powder group(TCM2),tripterygium group(GTW),model group,blank group.Each group had 7 rats.Toobserve daily urine protein dose,Serum albumin,cholesterol,expression of Nephrin mRNA and VEGF mRNA of glomerulus podocyte.Results:Wuchong powder could markedly reduce the level of urinary protein compared with model group(P0.01),increases the expression of Nephrin mRNA and Serum albumin,decrease the expression of VEGF mRNA and cholesterol.Conclusions:Wuchong powder had marked treatment on C-BSA-induced nephrotic rats',increases the Serum albumin,improve cholesterol,recover the expression and distribution of podocyte's associated protein,reverse the podocytepathy.


In this collaborative response, we write and perform against the hegemony of academic canons. We draw on embodied, performative, and poetic means to interrogate canonical prejudice, canonical domination, and canonical exception as they emerge in and are adjacent to our own academic careers. In so doing, we seek to disrupt normative modes of knowledge production and argue for a futurity that is incoherent. And it should be—to the existing structure of domination guiding the discipline.


A 1×8 fiber optic switch based on precision electrical discharge machining(EDM)technigne,which allows fast switch (2 ms),low insertion loss (0.8 dB),return loss (≥-49 dB) and wide bandwidth,was reported.Each reflection cell in the switch consists of an electromagnetically actuated gold-coated silicon mirror rotating around a 100 μm diameter shaft and a miniature 5 V driven coil.The switch is scalable to 8×8 and allows the realization of high capacity cross-connects.A detailed switching dynamic analysis was conducted by utilizing FEA software ANSYS.The calculated switch time as a function of driving voltage was compared with the measurement and a reasonedly good agreement was obtained.


Dynamics of sperm motility (sperm velocity, percentage of motility and flagellar beat frequency) and monthly variations of semen characteristics (semen volume and osmolality and sperm concentration and motility) were studied. These criteria were used in the embryology laboratory and reproductive biology in the city of Lattakia, Syria, This study showed that sperm velocity, percentage of motility and beat frequency significantly and rapidly decreased after the activation of sperm motility. To study the dynamics of sperm motility parameters, twenty permeating males were randomly selected and electronically tagged to study the variations of semen characteristics. Specially we focused on the relationship between segmentation failure in cases treated with In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) to define the characteristics using the Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA). This study compares the reference group (normal) and a group of individuals treated with IVF, who have failed the treatment where segmentation did not occur. The role of the spermatozoon in fertilization expresses itself especially through the motility criterion. Studying the motility characteristics using CASA method seems interesting in clarifying the relationship between some of the motility characteristics and the ability to fertilize in order to determine the notification in cases of IVF. This study based on the acquired information of 85 normal voluntaries as references cases. And 45 patients with segmentation failure in the Embryology-lab of Al-Andalus University for medical Sciences between 2012- 2013. The results were clear, that significant relationship and correlation between segmentation failure and motility of the sperms.


This paper introduct the principels of traditional three-phase voltage source PWM rectifier(VSR).For the traditional three-phase voltage source PWM rectifier has no enough ability to anti-load disturbance,it uses a control of load current feedforward based on power conservation,to offset the impact of load disturbance.And the PSO algorithm is desigined to set the controller parameters of PI,and improve the performance of the rectifier.Then the simulation and experiment obtained good results.


The dynamics in the A and A 1 phases of superfluid 3 He is investigated. Second sound (entropy wave) and longitudinal spin wave are discussed within the framework of the hydrodynamic equations. In the A 1 phase second sound in strongly coupled to a spin wave, while in the A phase far from the A 1 phase they are separated. In the A phase close to the A 1 phase they are coupled, the coupling being determined by temperature, pressure and magnetic field. If the wave vector k ≃10 3 cm -1 , this coupling is well appreciable and the velocity of second sound becomes fast enough to be detected.


The invention discloses a novel fireproof cable. The novel fireproof cable comprises a sheath, a packing layer, a conductor and an insulation layer, wherein the sheath wraps an outer layer of the packing layer; the packing layer wraps an outer layer of the insulation layer; the conductor is arranged in the insulation layer; a fireproof layer is arranged between the insulation layer and the conductor; the conductor is a copper conductor with higher fireproof performance; the fireproof layer is formed by wrapping a plurality of layers of mica tapes; the sheath comprises a heat insulation layer and a fireproof layer. The novel fireproof cable is high in fireproof performance, resistant to high temperature, low in cost and high in safety.


We analyze a set of data describing N=3300 yeast genes, each gene characterized by d=13 variables (traits). First we performed an explorative data analysis and stated a high multivariate kurtosis. Next we clustered the data and visualized them using Kohonen's self-organizing maps. This has permitted us to get an idea how the data are distributed in the multivariate space.


Two recent books, the subjects of this review, address the implications of a parallel question: What do we know about sex offender treatment? Both books should be read carefully by all sex offender treatment providers, and both are worthy of consideration by policymakers. However, these works do not consistently show the type of skepticism essential to evaluating treatment programs and shaping public policy; consequently, they must not be taken as the definitive word on the subject.


Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of Yiqi Bushen treatment of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia.Methods: 132 cases of chemotherapy patients were randomly divided into two groups.The 68 patients in treatment group were given chemotherapy oral medicine,observing for two courses;the control group only received conventional chemotherapy.Results: After chemotherapy,the neutropenia incidence of the treatment group was 26.5%,and it was 62.5% in the control group.The total effective rate in the treatment group was 85.3%,and it was 65.6% of the control group.The difference was statistically significant(P 0.05).Conclusion: Yiqi Bushen treatment of chemotherapy-induced leucopenia has the satisfactory effect.


Since 1985 we have conducted a prospective, longitudinal cohort study of children born to HIV-infected mothers to assess the risk of vertical transmission of HIV-1 as well as the clinical course of those infected. Of the 305 eligible children, 296 were evaluable and 43 (14.5%) were infected. The risk of transmission declined from 20.3% among those born in the first five years of the study (cohort 1) to 8.0% among those born during the second five years (cohort 2) (P=0.003).


We present convergence results in expectation for stochastic subspace correction schemes and their accelerated versions to solve symmetric positive-definite variational problems, and discuss their potential for achieving fault tolerance in an unreliable compute network. We employ the standard overlapping domain decomposition algorithm for PDE discretizations to discuss the latter aspect.


The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and phytotoxicity of herbicides in combinations and to determine their economic feasibility in the soybean crop. The trials were placed at two locations, Pobeda and Budisava (Serbia), during 2016 and 2018, organized in a randomized block design with four replicates of all herbicide combinations (metribuzin + S-metolachlor; imazamox + oxasulfuron + typhenesulfuron-methyl; metribuzin + S-metolachlor + imazamox + oxasulfuron + typhenesulfuron-methyl; and bentazon + imazamox + typhenesulfuron-methyl). At the first location, 16 weed species were determined, while in the second location, 14 were determined. The highest reduction in the number of weeds was achieved at the first location, using a combination of herbicides metribuzin + S-metolachlor + imazamox + oxasulfuron + typhenesulfuron-methyl with a total efficacy that ranged from 96.98% to 97.40%. Only on the second location bentazone + imazamox + tifensulfuron-methyl showed passable phytotoxicity on soybean, during both years. Based on the established economic justification, in the combinations of metribuzin + S-metolachlor + imazamox + oxasulfuron + typhenesulfuron-methyl, yield was increased for 2350 kg/ha or 1.91 times more, according to the untreated variant at first location. The economic injury level at the most effective combination of herbicides was 52.70 weeds/m2.


Abstract The contributions were determined in primary cultures of bovine corneal epithelial cells (BCEC) of Na:H exchange (NHE) and vacuolar H+-ATPase (i.e. V-type) activity to the regulation of intracellular pH (pHi). Furthermore, we characterized the effects on pHiregulation of exposure to 1 μ m ET-1 under control and acid loaded conditions. With the pH sensitive dye, 2′,7′ Bis (carboxyethyl)-5,6-carboxyfluorescein acetoxymethyl ester (BCECF-AM), the control pHiwas 7.1 in NaCl (nominally HCO3-free) Ringers. Inhibition of NHE with 100 μ m dimethylamiloride (DMA) rapidly decreased pHiby 0.37 units. Similarly, selective inhibition of V-type H+-ATPase with 10 μ m bafilomycin A1decreased pHiby 0.22 units. Following acid loading in NaCl Ringers with a 20 m m NH4Cl prepulse, pHirecovery was partially inhibited by exposure to either Na-free (NMGCl) Ringers, 100 μ m DMA or 20 μ m bafilomycin A1. Based on decreases in H+efflux resulting from selective inhibition of NHE and V-type H+pump activity, NHE activity accounts for 76% of the pHirecovery following acid loading. Under control conditions, ET-1 (1 μ m ) had no effect on pHiwhereas ET-1 completely suppressed pHirecovery following acid loading in NaCl or NMGCl Ringers. This inhibitory effect was largely due to stimulation of ETAbecause in the presence of BQ-123 (10 μ m ), a selective ETAreceptor antagonist, pHirecovery was completely restored. Suppression of pHirecovery also occurred following stimulation of protein kinase C (PKC) with 10−7 m phorbol myristate (PMA) whereas 10−7 m 4 α phorbol 12,13 didecanoate (PDD) had no effect. ET-1 failed to suppress pHirecovery after inhibition of PKC with 0.5 μ m calphostin C suggesting that the inhibition of pHirecovery by ET-1 is a consequence of PKC stimulation. Similarly, inhibition of Ca2+-dependent calmodulin stimulated CaM II kinase with KN-62 (10 μ m ) reversed the suppression of pHirecovery by ET-1. Preinhibition of either protein phosphatase (PP), PP-1, PP-2A or PP-2B activity with 1 μ m phenylarsine oxide, 10 n m okadaic acid, 10 μ m cyclosporin A1or 20 μ m BAPTA, also obviated the suppression of pHirecovery by ET-1. Therefore ETAreceptor mediated inhibition of pHiregulation following acid loading could be a consequence of either PKC or CaMII kinase stimulation. Each one of these kinases may in turn phosphorylate and thereby stimulate the activities of PP-1, PP-2A or PP-2B. An increase in the activity of any one of these protein phosphatases could lead to dephosphorylation of the NHE and V-type H+pump. This alteration may prevent them from becoming adequately stimulated to elicit pHirecovery in response to acid loading.


This work studied the biological aspects and daily rhythm of the activities (mating, oviposition, searching and predation) of  Porasilus barbiellinii Curran, 1934 (Diptera, Asilidae) predator of the froghopper  Deois flavopicta (Stal, 1854) (Homoptera, Cercopidae). The field study was carried out in a pasture of  Brachiaria decumbens Stapf located in the municipality of Tres Coracoes, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, in three five-day periods, for nine hours a day. The laboratory observations were conducted in the Entomology Laboratory of Crop Protection Department of ESAL, Lavras, MG (temperature 25 ± 1°C; relative humidity 70 ± 10% and photophase fourteen hours). The egg period was an average seven days and the larvae took, on average two minutes to free themselves from the corium. A peak of activity of mating occurred from eight nine a.m. and other from four - five pm. High temperature favored oviposition which took place most frequently between eleven a.m. and two p.m. The asilid flies exercised its searching activity from eight a.m. - five p.m. The most significant time for predation by both males and females was from two - three p.m.


Background. Many studies have reported significant pain reduction with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in acute and chronic mus-culoskeletal pain conditions. Objective. The purpose of this study is to clinically evaluate the effectiveness of LLLT for treatment of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthritis. Methodology. This was a clinical trial that included 20 patients with TMJ arthritis. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups of 10 each. Patients of the first group were subjected to LLLT during four weeks, together with standard nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) treatment for TMJ arthritis. Patients were evaluated before treatment (T1), after six sessions of laser therapy (T2), after 12 laser applications (T3), and 1 month after the last application (T4). Patients of the second group received only standard NSAIDs treatment for TMJ arthritis. They were evaluated at the same intervals of the first group. At each evaluation, the maximum mouth opening was measured by a millimeter ruler, and patients were asked about the presence or absence TMJ pain. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to quantify pain at palpation. Results. All participants were males, and aged between 41 and 70 years old. In LLLT and NSAIDs group follow up of maximum mouth opening in mm showed a significant improvement. The same significant improvement was noted in NSAIDs group. Comparison between LLLT and NSAIDs group and NSAIDs group showed a significant improvement in favor of the LLLT and NSAIDs group during the 3 follow up periods. Same improvement in favor for LLLT and NSAIDs group was noted in the VAS. Conclusion. LLLT in patients with TMJ arthritis is a safe and effective technique


To improve simulation efficiency and relieve burdened benchmarking efforts, this research proposes a survival-of-the-fittest evolutionary methodology. The goal is to subset any given benchmark suite based on its inherent workload characteristics, desired workload space coverage, and total execution time. Given a user-specified workload space coverage threshold, the proposed technique can systematically yield the "fittest" time-efficient benchmark subset.


With the combination of the characteristics of scientific journals,it probed into such issures as right of publication,right of revision,right to integrity of works protection,right of authorship,in the practice of editing scientific journals,etc.In the practice of editing scientific journals and on the premise of fulfilling"reasonable care obligation",it was pointed out that editors should respect the author's right of publication,exercise editor's right of revising,protect the integrality of the works and require authors to use the right of signing correctly.Meanwhile,the editors should make good use of the their won copyright of journals,reduce the probability of infringement to ensure the lawful rights and interests of authors and journals.


The numerical simulation of the mixed state of a two-phase flow in an electric field was carried out.The hybrid model was established and the numerical simulation of different gas flow rates and different numbers of the holes was calculated with a certain water flow rate.The results included the velocity and the water volume fraction distribution of the YZ center section,the velocity vector distribution of the XY center section,and the water volume fraction distribution of the XY center section.In general,due to the same water flow,the total number of the air flow and holes determined the air inlet velocity.In the case of fewer holes,the total air flow was small and the mixture was more uniform.With the increase in the number of holes,the best mixture of the gas flow rate increased.


Previous work finds that countries that contain an excluded group are at higher risk of terrorism. However, there are good reasons to think that the impact of exclusion may be more likely to motivate ethnic violence when this exclusion is paired with local conditions that increase awareness of intergroup competition. In this study, we examine sub-national terrorist violence and find that areas that contain an excluded ethnic group are at higher risk of violence. Moreover, this risk is heightened by local population density, wealth, and country regime type.


Vertical phase path measurements of pulsed radio waves reflected from the ionosphere at 5953 and 6110 kc/s, and an oblique Loran A 1850-kc/s path were examined during known solar flares. A synthesis of a solar-induced ionization component leads to the conclusion that deposition is predominantly in the F region.


Case note on the judgment of the District Court of The Hague in the Yukos cases. The Court quashed all ECT awards.


The effective position of a strong line partially blended with a weaker one is found as a function of their separation for three different line profiles and two line-position criteria. Some practical examples illustrate the use of the results.


The theoretical basis of Confucian thought of 'ruling by virtue' is the doctrine of original goodness of human nature. The content of this doctrine is very rich, of which the most classic ones are: "being moral in governance", " valuing the deeds of cultivation one's moral character", "considering the people to be the foundation of the country", "putting education before punishment, relying mainly on moral education and making the punishment subsidiary", "respecting the virtuous and employing the able". Although they are very useful, we should also realize that there are many limitations in the Confucian thought of "ruling by virtue". So we should look closely at it with dialectical spirit.


NHS hospitals in England are paying up to £2000 a shift for a locum doctor, with 16% spending more than £1000 a shift for locum cover, an investigation by the Telegraph has found.1

Based on freedom of information requests completed by 99 of the 164 hospital trusts in England, spending by NHS hospital trusts in England on agency locums is estimated to have reached £2.06bn during 2010-13. NHS Employers has estimated that around 50% of expenditure on agency staff in the NHS …


American politics is characterized by two trends: social problems are framed as issues of competing rights which tends to obscure the costs and obligations associated with the exercise of individual rights, and partisan sorting has led to partisan polarization. This study claims that when issues are framed in terms of partisan rights, partisans are likely to assert co-partisans' "rights" to engage in socially destructive behavior but deny the same "rights" to out-partisans. We test these hypotheses using three framing experiments referencing both politicized and non-political issues. The results show that partisans deny out-partisans' right not to wear a mask, but assert co-partisans' right to smoke in public. When it comes to a partisan right to own guns over out-partisans' right to be free of gun violence, Republicans both deny democrats gun rights and assert their own, while Democrats only deny Republicans' right to arms.


In this paper, stability and synchronization of a Caputo fractional BAM neural network system of high-order type and neutral delays are examined. A mixture of properties of fractional calculus, Laplace transform, and analytical techniques is used to derive Mittag-Leffler stability and synchronization for two classes of activation functions. A fractional version of Halanay inequality is utilized to deal with the fractional character of the system and some suitable evaluations and handling to cope with the higher order feature. Another feature is the treatment of unbounded activation functions. Explicit examples to validate the theoretical outcomes are shown at the end.


This paper investigates the exponential finite‐time couple‐group consensus problem for multi‐agent systems via pinning control method. Considering the hybrid cooperative and competitive interactions among the agents, a new nonlinear distributed control protocol is proposed. Under the pinning control scheme, the criteria for guaranteeing the system with weakly connected communication topology achieve exponential couple‐group consensus in finite time are obtained, and the pinning control strategies are presented as well. Furthermore, the results show that the settling time for the system to reach consensus is independent of the initial states of the agents. Finally, the correctness of our results is verified by some simulations.


Objective: To discuss the curative effect of irregular liver segment resection for heptaocellur carcinama rupture complicating with hemorrage. Methods: 38 cases were reviewed in the past ten years. Results: 1 case died from shock during operation.2 cases died from liver functional failure in two weeks, the other survived 7 momths-5 years by follow-up. Conclusions: Ruptured heptaocellur carcinamas in emergency should be tried for first-staged removal.


The Northwest Fisheries Science Center (NWFSC) and the Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC) are collaborating with researchers at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) to develop the SeaBED autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) to overcome the challenges in surveying fish in inaccessible habitats. Traditional survey techniques such as bottom trawls are of limited applicability in such areas due to the rocky, rugose terrain. Fish in marine protected areas must also be surveyed using non-lethal methods. Furthermore, monitoring deeper coral reefs are difficult since many important habitats are below depths that can be surveyed by divers. Hover-capable bottom-tracking AUVs offer a unique tool that is appropriate for work in such areas. We present preliminary results from two surveys: one of deep water corals on a mesophotic coral reef near Guam and another of demersal fishes on rocky reefs off southern California. We discuss some developments needed to utilize this tool for future routine surveys and assessments.


Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) is synthesized through a micellar dispersion that allows incorporation of biomolecules into this conductive polymer layer. A PEDOTiK-carrageenan (κC) system was obtained by electrodeposition and it was compared with a standard PEDOT:sodium dodecyl sulfate electrode coat. The electrochemical behavior and the oxidation level after 1000 cycles were studied through cyclic voltammetry and μRaman spectroscopy. The oxidation ratio in the PEDOT increased while electrochemical activity decreased in both cases. Moreover, the PEDOT:κC system allowed the immobilization of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme, which retained its activity. The unique combination of properties is a key feature in the bioelectronics field.


Runway capacity is an issue that many airports are most concerned; it is the bottleneck that restricts the development of the entire airport. The previous ways of calculating runway capacity are based on the single runway and fewer concerned about the runway capacity in the situation of crossing runway,which becomes the starting point of the present paper. According to air traffic control procedures,when the aircraft need to cross another runway from one to reach the terminal area,we need to plan for a runway crossing point position,but where runway crossing point should be set,and the number of crossing points,are two very important problems. Text based on the impact of the runway capacity of runway crossing point,set up 1 375 ~ 1 425 m,1 650 ~ 1 675 m,2 125 ~ 2 175 m three crossing points through the appropriate mathematical calculation,analysis and calculation of closely spaced parallel runways at the three crossing points changes runway capacity. By gathering relevant figures,with the impact of closely spaced parallel runway capacity to make changes in the calculation of Matlab for mathematical simulation calculated the runway crossing points.


In this paper, an innovative new drone is created for developing the current ability of today's drone. This research starts with developing the agriculture drone for spraying fertilizer and pesticides in coconut tree farms. The developed drone can be utilized for inspecting and finding coconut tree pests using sensor image processing in order to solve the problems of using the general solutions of the pest control. These problems are as follows. Firstly, the use of a long stick tied to the hose and pesticide spray from below results in the drops of pesticide to the ground for more than 75%. Secondly, the use of chemicals injected into the trunk cannot be used for the coconut trees with less than 12 meter high particularly for aromatic coconut trees with around 5 meter high according to chemical residue. Finally, the pesticide is controlled by using a level of fertilizer higher than the recommendation. Farmers generally spray all coconut trees without consideration in which trees have the pests. The developed drone can be used for solving all of the above mentioned three problems. In the early stage of development for processing to locate the pests, the implemented program has the ability to visualize the leaf of the coconut tree that is likely to have a problem. The drone can fly to inspect and specify the pest area, spray from the top of the trunks and spray at the specific point resulted in the reduction of chemicals costs.


Coal is China's power basis,positioning a leading seat in China's one-time energy production and consumption structure.This paper,based on Heilongjiang's 2002 and 2007 Input-Output data from 42 departments,uses Input-Output mode to analyze its direct consumption coefficient and complete consumption coefficient in input structure,and employs Excel 2007 to calculate its direct and complete allocation coefficients,response degree and its coefficient,influence and its coefficient in output structure,and compares its interrelation between coal and other industries.The results show a strong interrelation with production and supply of electronic and heating,and a larger interrelation range with forward interrelation degree higher than its backward,and a stronger supporting to other industries than pulling.


In the embedded system with single chip dealing with a mass of real-time data,in order to save resources of the single chip and enhance flexibility of the product.Using powerful systemic program capability of LC4128V in ispMACH4000 Family and IspLEVER tool software′s support,the keyboard interface design is proposed based on LC4128V Complex Programmable Logic Device(CPLD) of Lattice Semiconductor Corporation.The design can make embedded products have more flexibility relative to special keyboard interface chip.It has been applied in some embedded products and obtained very good effect.


BACKGROUND
Previous findings from research investigating the role of antenatal nutrition in preventing postpartum depression are inconsistent. Our primary aim was to investigate the association between pregnancy diet quality and postpartum depression. Secondarily, we investigated associations between i) diet quality and depression during pregnancy, and ii) depression during pregnancy and postpartum depression.

METHODOLOGY
This analysis represents data from 73 women participating in the MUMS cohort study in Sydney, Australia which followed women from Trimester 1 of pregnancy to 1-year postpartum. Participants' diet quality was assessed using the Australian Eating Survey at Trimester 1 and 3 to calculate diet quality, known as the Australian Recommended Food Score (lower diet quality defined as score <39; higher diet quality ≥39). Depression was assessed using the Edinburgh Depression Scale at Trimester 1, 2, 3 and 6-weeks postpartum (defined as score ≥11).

RESULTS
Depression scores during pregnancy were significantly associated with depression score 6-weeks postpartum (Trimester 1: r=0.66, Trimester 2: r=0.69, Trimester 3: r=0.67; all p<0.001). Diet quality during pregnancy was not significantly correlated with 6-week postpartum depression score. In unadjusted analysis, diet quality during pregnancy was not associated with pregnancy depression scores. When adjusted for age, parity and Trimester 1 BMI, Trimester 1 physical activity levels and gestational weight gain, higher Trimester 3 diet quality was associated with reduced Trimester 3 depression only.

CONCLUSIONS
Depression scores during pregnancy were positively associated with postpartum depression, highlighting the importance of screening for depression during pregnancy and postnatally. Larger longitudinal prospective studies may elucidate the association between diet quality and postpartum depression. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


In the present study, we found that rHuIFN γ can enhance the localization of 131 I radiolabelled mAb Sc3A in human colon carcinoma xenografts of athymic mice as well as the effect of radioimmunotherapy. The tumor inhibitory rates of 131 I Sc3A F(ab′) 2 plus rHuIFN γ and 131 I Sc3A plus rHuIFN γ were 91.9% and 84.4%, respectively. While those of PBS plus 131 I Sc3A F(ab′) 2 and PBS plus 131 I Sc3A groups were 69.6% and 60.5%, respectively. In addition, the xenograft tumors in the specific mAb groups began to degenerate on day 5 after first injection of 131 I labelled mAb plus IFN γ. The tumor volume of the animals receiving 131 I Sc3A plus rHuIFN γ accounted for 19.4% of that of the animals receiving rHuIFN γ alone. While the tumor volumes of the animals receiving 131 I Sc3A F(ab′) 2 or 131 I Sc3A plus PBS accounted for 39.5% and 30.4% of that of the animals receiving PBS alone, respectively. These results indicated that rHuIFN γ could augment the curative effect of 131 I labelled specific mAbs in tumor targeting therapy.


Members of the actin‐depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilin family of proteins are expressed in all eukaryotic cells. In higher vertebrates, cells often express as many as three different ADF/cofilin genes and each of these proteins may be phosphorylated on serine 3, giving rise to up to six different species. Also, many avian, amphibian, and invertebrate systems have been useful in studying different aspects of ADF/cofilin function. Antibodies have been prepared against different members of the ADF/cofilin family, but no systematic examination of their cross‐reactivity has been reported. Although ADF and cofilins within a single vertebrate species have about a 70% sequence homology, antibodies often differentiate between these proteins. Here, Western blotting was used with chemiluminescence substrates of different sensitivities to determine the relative immunoreactivities of different polyclonal rabbit antibodies and a mouse monoclonal antibody to purified ADF/cofilins from plants, protists, nematodes, insects, echinoderms, birds, and mammals. From immunocross‐reactivities and sequence alignments, the principal epitope in mammalian ADF and cofilin‐1 recognized by an antibody raised against avian ADF was identified. The specificity of an antibody to the phosphopeptide epitope of metazoan ADF/cofilins was confirmed by two‐dimensional (2‐D) immunoblot analysis. Futhermore, this bank of antibodies was used to identify by Western blotting a putative member of the ADF/cofilin family in the sea slug, Aplysia californica.


Recent data and published data on the de-carburization kinetics of Cr–1% Mo steel in sodium from 800 to 1300°F were correlated by expressing changes in bulk carbon content of samples of different t...


Today, microelectronics devices are getting smaller with more I/Os. Conventional ultra fine pitch wire bonding is facing wire-to wire short and wire sweeping issues. The use of insulated Cu wire is a potential technology enabling greater wire density, and wires touching and crossing, as the wire is coated with a layer or organic coating to prevent wire-to-wire short. In this paper we analyze the reliability of insulated Cu wire with diameter of 20 μm in PBGA package under unbiased HAST, TC and HTS reliability stressing using standard, touched wires profile and extreme loop height without kinks profile. Ball shear, wire pull and stitch pull tests as well as Cu/Al IMC thickness measurement test w performed after reliability stressing for bare Cu and insulated Cu wire samples. Results show that insulated Cu wire reliability samples show similar ball bond strength performance after the ball shear and wire pull test. Although stitch pull strength of insulated Cu is ~17% less than bare Cu samples, the reliability results indicate that insulated Cu stitch bond has good reliability. Effect of the capillary touchdowns to the ball and stitch bond integrity of bare Cu and insulated Cu wire bonding is also presented in this paper. Capillary residue build up on the tip surface was investigated. We found capillary condition and life are comparable to bare Cu wire capillary.


PURPOSE
To determine axial lens thickness, anterior chamber depth and axial globe length in canine eyes with normal lenses and in eyes with immature, mature, congenital, posterior polar and diabetic cataract.

METHODS
B-mode ultrasonography was performed in 50 normal dogs and, as a prephacoemulsification screening procedure, in 100 dogs with cataract. Axial B-mode ultrasonograms were used to determine lens thickness, anterior chamber depth and globe diameter. Statistical comparisons between groups were made by analysis of variance and multivariate analysis, with a significance level of P < 0.05.

RESULTS
Axial globe lengths were not statistically significantly different between groups apart from the smaller globes in younger dogs with congenital cataract. Axial lens thickness in diabetics (8.4 +/- 0.9 mm) was statistically significantly different from the lens thickness in normal eyes (6.7 +/- 1.0 mm), eyes with immature cataract (6.4 +/- 0.8 mm) and eyes with mature cataract (7.4 +/- 0.9 mm) although these groups, while varying in thickness, were not statistically significantly different from each other. Anterior chamber depth was statistically significantly reduced in eyes with diabetic cataract (2.9 +/- 0.1 mm) from that in normal eyes (3.8 +/- 0.1 mm), eyes with immature cataract (3.5 +/- 0.1 mm) and eyes with mature cataract (3.2 +/- 0.6 mm) although these groups, while varying in chamber depth, were not statistically significantly different from each other.

CONCLUSIONS
Lenses with diabetic cataracts were significantly increased in axial thickness compared to lenses in other eyes, although lenses with mature cataracts showed a trend towards increased axial thickness and immature cataracts demonstrated a trend towards reduced thickness. While previous studies on cataract pathobiology have suggested a reduction in lens thickness in immature cataract through lens protein loss and an increase in thickness in mature cataracts through intumescence, this study is the first to document these changes in the canine lens.


more calmly, without argumentative irritability, for I have the impression that I have fully rendered homage to the quality and importance of his work. On many of the points I think readers possessed of both his text and mine can judge for themselves, without my complicating the debate with too many new observations. I would only respond on a few points. Premack makes an erroneous assumption in saying that I know his work only from a French version (which I have not seen and do not know of) when I have expressly cited his publications in English, especially his formulations in Science and Scientific American, they being the ones that seemed to me to present most fully the problems in which I was interested. I believe that he is mistaken also in postulating that, according to me, there is only one way to approach the problems of language. I would not be Saussurian if I thought this (cf. de Saussure 1969:23-35). In my opinion, there is a great epistemological difference between posing the question of "better defin[ing] the fundamental nature of language" (Premack 1972:92), or, better, "answer[ingl the essential question: what is language?" (1971:808), and restricting the problem, as Premack does in his comment, to the questions "What are the psychological capacities that underlie language?" and "What is the relation between these capacities and intelligence in general?" These are questions that I find perfectly legitimate. The whole problem is knowing whether one has the right to postulate, as Premack puts it, that "the study of language is ... secondary to these questions." In my opinion-and I am surprised that an investigator so rigorously logical as Premack is in his protocols does not see this-in seeking first to "analyze language operationally" and "decompose it into atomic constituents" he shows that the question "What is language?" is not secondary, since it must in fact be resolved before tackling the problems themselves. It is not I, but he, who must begin with "a list . . . of things an organism must be able to do in order to give evidence of language" (Premack 1971:808). It is certainly, from this that the lack of understanding between us arises: he is thinking essentially of cognitive, psychological requisites for language while I am thinking of features that linguistically define language. This, however, is his interpretation, ot mine: he introduces into his list of traits some properly linguistic universals (phrases, questions, the copula, quantifiers, connectives, etc.) alongside of properly psychological requisites (ability to represent, to symbolize; presence of a "presumptive cognitive lement"; etc.). There are other points that might be discussed, but to address them here would obscure the main debate. The only issue I would raise now is the one on which we are still fundamentally opposed: Premack seems to say that communication has as a condition intelligence and not social life, while I seem to say that communication has as a condition social life. I would not add "and not intelligence," because there is a dialectic between social life and intelligence. The most important passage in my article on this point is the one (p. 4) in which I allude to the fact that the human species is perhaps more than a million years ahead of the experimental primates in the development of social life, communication, and tool making. I ought to have added to this passage "and the conjoint development of intelligence," because I believe that one cannot separate these four factors (cf. what Jolly [1966] says in this regard about the lemurs). I have never sought to minimize the importance of Premack's admirable research. I have discussed its interpretation with great interest. What he says does not inconvenience me, but it does not convince me. Sarah certainly performs ome very complex tasks. Even if getting a subject to perform such tasks is a kind of communication, however, I do not think it has been demonstrated that this communication is linguistic or semiologic. In this domain, conclusions (such as there can be) are of such great anthropological importance that they ought to be proven. It seems to me that one should be able to discuss them as in the exact sciences and as one plays chess: moving one argument at a time, and not going on to the next without agreement on what has gone before. The comments elicited by my article demonstrate to me that it is not easy for a linguist or semiologist who must venture onto the terrain of anthropologists. It seems to me that this must also be true for anthropologists who do linguistics or semiology without knowing it, as well as for those-for whom I am thankfulwho agree in the interest of science to enter upon the terrain of linguists and semiologists when the nature of things eems to demand it.]


Nasarwanji Hormusji Choksy was a pioneer of controlled trials, being one of the earliest investigators to use alternate allocation of patients to create similar treatment comparison groups. Who was Nasarwanji Hormusji Choksy? Choksy was born on 7 October 1861 in Bombay, and he studied at Elphinstone High School there. In 1879, he joined Grant Medical College, which had been established in 1845 as the first institution in Western India to provide education and training in Western medicine. In 1884, after a brilliant undergraduate career during which he was awarded scholarships and prizes for proficiency, Choksy topped his class in the final examination for a Licentiate of Medicine and Surgery. Following graduation, the Principal of Grant Medical College, Henry van Dyke Carter, appointed Choksy tutor in Anatomy, Materia Medica and Botany, a post he held between 1884 and 1887. In 1887, he was appointed Secretary to the Medical Committee of the Indian Factory Commission, which had been established in 1884 to enquire into the physical condition of mill workers and the sanitary state of mills. During the 1888 smallpox epidemic in Bombay, Choksy was placed in charge of a temporary smallpox hospital. He was so competent at this job there that he was appointed Medical Superintendent of the Arthur Road Hospital, which had been set up in 1892 exclusively for the treatment of infectious diseases. The hospital is still functioning today, albeit now named the Kasturba Infectious Diseases Hospital. Choksy campaigned diligently for smallpox vaccination, showing through carefully collated statistics that even one primary vaccination reduced case mortality. From 1893 to 1899, Choksy edited the Indian Medico-Chirurgical Review, which was the voice of the Bombay medical profession. It lobbied repeatedly for an improvement in the status of Indian doctors, and for the higher positions in government service to be opened to them. As President of the Bombay Medical Union, an organisation of Bombay doctors established in 1884, Choksy campaigned for recognition of parity between Indian and British medical degrees, so that holders of the former could qualify for government posts.


Three-level pulse width modulation serves as the basis of an all-digital technique for driving an array of high-voltage electrostatic microactuators. DC bias is zero and maximum RMS voltage is equal to the single supply voltage. Driver arrays are implemented using a two-chip architecture: a logic chip and an HV level translator array. A micromirror driver array is described, with 1920 drivers that occupy an area of 1280 mm/sup 2/ and consumes 12.3 W from 5-V and 200-V supplies.


The room temperature creep behaviors of Mg61Cu28Gd11 and(Mg61Cu28Gd11)99.5Sb0.5 bulk metallic glasses(BMGs) were revealed by means of nanoindentation technique.The creep mechanism was explored by characterization of creep rate sensitivity,creep compliance and retardation spectra.The results showed that the experimental creep curves could be well described by a generalized Kelvin model.The low creep rate sensitivity of both Mg-based BMGs indicated that their room temperature creep was dominated by localized shear flow.In addition,the(Mg61Cu28Gd11)99.5Sb0.5 glassy alloy exhibited lower creep rate sensitivity,creep compliance and milder retardation peak,indicating its higher creep-resistance and less relaxed state.Furthermore,the creep retardation spectrum consisted of two relatively separated peaks with the well defined characteristic relaxation times.


Flask -shaking fed batch fermentation is carried out in the study by feeding glucose,peptone,monosodium glutamate and complete fermentation medium. the experiment result shows that the suitable initial concentration of glucose,peptone,monosodium glutamate respectively is 20g/L,3g/L,and 0g/L.To supplement complete fermentation medium every 12 hours from12th hour of fermentation process,the production of γ-PGA attain 76.56g/L by flask一shaking fermentation for 48 hours.


Marine and fluvial Plio‐Pleistocene deposits of the Seuil du Cotentin, western Normandy range in age from Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene. They are preserved in small Cenozoic grabens and are divided into six new formations based on lithology, granulometry, sedimentary structures and associated fossils. The depositional environments of these formations change from marine to fluviatile and represent two transgression–regression cycles. This paper outlines the detailed stratigraphical relationships of the western Normandy Plio‐Pleistocene succession and discusses its correlation with the adjacent eastern area in the Seine River valley (France), in Cornwall and in the southern North Sea basin (East Anglia, Belgium, The Netherlands). Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


OF THE THESIS The primary aim of the thesis is to investigate some of the processes of reading Chinese text by means of comparing and analysing approximately 100 parallel translations of four texts from Chinese to English. The translations are answers to A Level examination questions. The focus of the investigation is interpretation of the zero pronoun, a common phenomenon in Chinese, which often requires explicitation when translated into English. The secondary aim is to show how translation gives evidence of comprehension, as shown by the variation in interpretation of zero pronouns. The thesis reviews relevant psycholinguistic research into reading, particularly reading of Chinese text. This is followed by reviews of relevant research into translation as a reading activity, and a discussion of its role in language teaching and testing. The core of the thesis is the discussion of the zero pronoun in Chinese, including discussion of anaphoric choice the writer's decision on when to use zero in preference to an explicit anaphoric form and of anaphoric resolution how a reader decides what a zero pronoun refers to. Anaphoric resolution may be problematic for less experienced readers of Chinese owing to its lack of rich morphological inflection which, in other languages, provides the reader with information. Some of the key ideas on anaphoric choice and resolution are then applied to the analysis of the data in the parallel translations. It would appear that factors in Chinese texts which have an effect on comprehending zero pronouns are antecedent distance, topic persistence, abstraction, multiplicity of arguments and the meaning of the verb. Characteristics of the reader which may affect comprehension of the zero pronoun include personal schemata which may lead to elaborative inferences. On the basis of the data I suggest that mark schemes could be devised on a scalar system encompassing optimal solution, proximal solution and nonsolution, which might help to solve the problem of variability in marking translation. A by-product of the thesis, and an avenue for further research, is the apparent close relationship between idea units, clause length, punctuation breaks and antecedent distance in Chinese texts and saccade length and working memory capacity in the reader of Chinese.


Improving re-employment chances for older unemployed individuals is a priority for policymakers around the world. While digital job search interventions have proven beneficial for young and middle-aged individuals, their value to support re-employment at older ages has not been investigated so far. To shed light on the potential of digital interventions to assist older unemployed individuals, we analyze a unique data set from a randomized field study introducing online job search peer groups at the Federal Employment Agency in Germany. Results suggest that online peer groups offer substantial added value compared with traditional job search counseling. Participation in online peer groups significantly increases the number of job applications and job interview invitations. We show that older unemployed individuals are accessible for digital job search assistance and identify online peer groups as a powerful intervention to activate this target group.


ABSTRACT An important claim for the categorisation and study of shrinking cities is that the experience of governance across these cities may offer an alternative to hegemonic discourses of growth. However, there are methodological problems associated with categorizing then researching shrinking cities. Two key problems are: first, the category hides a multiplicity of cause and effect and; second, the danger of fetishizing the city against the reality of broader urban drivers of change. It is argued that the use of governance narratives is a means to addresses this, as narratives focus us on cities as places of practice. We apply the approach to Leipzig, once shrinking but now one of Germany's fastest growing cities. We conclude that while there was a significant attempt to articulate an alternative to growth, it remained dominant suggesting the need to develop a taxonomy of shrinking cities where not all offer an alternative vision of "development".


as described by Ambler (1980). The affinities of the different enzymes and their different kinetic properties have been extensively discussed in recent years (Coulson, 1985; Joris et al., 1988; Galleni et al., 1988; Bush, 1989a,b,c; Matagne et al., 1990). The crystal structure of one enzyme represent-ative of this class has been determined (Oefner et al., 1990) and site-directed mutagenesis aimed at understanding the roles of particular residues has been undertaken (Tsukamoto et al., 1990a,b). An integral part of the description of the mechanism is identification of the intermediates of the catalytic cycle and determining their rates of interconversion. Here, analysis of the steady-state and transient kinetics of parent and mutant proteins can provide much useful information (Cartwright et at., 1989; Christensen et al., 1990; Virden et al., 1990). A problem that frequently has been encountered in the analysis of kinetics of /-lactamases has been the observation of non-stoichiometric bursts of hydrolysis, that is to say, bursts of hydrolysis representing multiple turnovers of the enzyme (Citri et al., 1976; Charnas and Then, 1988; Galleni et al., 1988; Matagne et al., 1990). The burst in hydrolysis usually has been attributed to an isomerization of the acyl-


This paper describes a new approach to emotion recognition based on pressure sensor keyboards. The pressure sensor keyboard is a new product that occurs in the market recently, which produces a pressure sequence when keystroke occurs. The analysis of the pressure sequence should be a novel research area. It has been used for identity verification in our previous research. In this paper, we use the pressure sequence for emotion recognition. Three methods (global features of pressure sequences, dynamic time warping and traditional keystroke dynamics) are proposed for the emotion recognition task; then we combined the three methods together using a classifier fusion technique. Several experiments were performed on a database containing 3000 samples (from 50 individuals, including six emotions: neutral, anger, fear, happiness, sadness and surprise) and the best result were achieved utilizing all the method, obtaining an overall accuracy of 93.4%. Our technique of emotion recognition has been used for intelligent game controlling and several other applications.


This arrangement of the blue light-emitting diode (LED) die method for manufacturing a LED / phosphor structure mounted on the submount wafer is described. The phosphor powder is mixed with an organic polymer binder such as a silicate or nitrocellulose. Next, a liquid or paste mixture is substantially deposited on the LED die, or other substrate as a uniform layer. Next, organic binders, or removed by other discarding or suffering an oxygen plasma process in the atmosphere, leaving a porous layer of the dissolution is, sintered with the phosphor particles. Porous phosphor layer to saturate the porous structure, the sol-gel-is (e.g., TEOS or the MTMS sol-gel) or water glass, also known as liquid glass (e. G., Sodium silicate or potassium silicate) is permeated. Next, the structure is heated to cure the inorganic binder of glass, leaving a solid yellow glass binder to withstand, among other desirable properties.


Purpose : The aim of this study was to assess potential antimicrobial effectiveness of selected red wines from Balkan region, made from autochthonic Vranac V. vinifera L. grape variety. Methods : The antimicrobial activity of Vranac wines against Gram-positive: C. perfringens, B. subtillis, S. aureus, L. inocua, S. Lutea , and M. flavus and Gram-negative: E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. enteritidis, S. sonnei, K. pneumonia and P. vulgaris bacteria stains were studied using the agar well diffusion and micro-well dilution methods. The concentrations of the wine phenolic compounds: gallic acid, caffeic acid, (+)-catechin, resveratrol, quercetin, quercetin-3-glucoside and malvidin-3-glucoside were determined using HPLC analysis. Results: There was excellent correlation between the contents of gallic acid, caffeic acid, resveratrol, quercetin, quercetin-3-glucoside and malvidine-3-glucoside and the antimicrobial activity of the wines against Gram-positive - C. perfringens and M. flavus (from 0.936 to 0.999) and against Gram-negative bacteria stains - E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. enteritidis, S. sonnei and P. vulgaris (from 0.904 to 0.999). Furthermore, the content of (+)-catechin has good correlation with the antimicrobial activity of the wines only against L. inocua and P. vulgaris with correlation coefficient of 0.996 and 0.999, respectively. All selected wine phenolic compounds, however, did not show correlation with antimicrobial activity against K. pneumonia strain. Conclusion : The antimicrobial activity of selected Vranac wines indicates that some of the wine's phenolic constituents have the potential to inhibit the growth of certain bacterial strains. Keywords : Red wine; Antimicrobial activity; Bacterial strains; Phenolic compounds


The Covid-19 crisis made spaces for people to immerse themselves in moments of reflection. The suspension of time, sites, and body mobility, the collapse of the past principles; as the macro learning environment has undergone unprecedented changes, how could people read and react to those changes? Learning at the university, almost all the students have to adopt an online format as a singular way to access higher education, which calls for more self-management capacities and learning autonomy. Bodily learning is crucial from the pedagogical perspective, drawing insights from The Affective Turn, where Clough (2008) took the human body as biomedia so as to affect learning and transform knowledge. This paper shines a light on the new bodies and spaces with inherent innovation potentiality. Based on the literature review chiefly from Sociology, Anthropology, Philosophy, and Culture Studies, this paper engages with four typologies of learning epistemology, nomad, heterotopia, liminality, and rhythm. Their essential characteristics, principles, and interpretations imply in-between and transformational traits, challenging the existing principles and being open to alternatives. They help evaluate the changes and foster our critical and creative learning in risk and crisis. Simultaneously, they serve as the theoretical foundation for the following innovation fieldwork.


The challenge of hypoxia in solid tumors induces several physiological changes in the cancer cell microenvironment including increased extracellular acidity. While proton exchangers including the sodium hydrogen exchanger (NHE1) support tumor cell invasion and metastasis, the relationship between hypoxia and increased acidity on migration/proliferation remains unclear. In this study we investigate the relationship between the sodium hydrogen exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1) and hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF‐1α) expression in H1299. HIF‐1α expression was observable after 24 hours of either 1% oxygen or chemically induced hypoxia and was maximally expressed after 72 hours of hypoxia. In parallel we found that NHE1 expression slightly increased after 72 hours in hypoxic conditions. We also show that hypoxia decreased cell proliferation in H1299 non small lung cancer cells. In addition, the impact of NHE1 inhibition on hypoxia induced MMP‐9 activity was altered. Hypoxia induced changes in cell motility and alkalization of intracellular pH was also observed. These results point to a relationship between hypoxia and NHE1 that influences cancer cell behavior. NIH Grant 1 R15 HL074924–01A1


Abstract A patient who had been suffered from chronic dental pain over 6 months, was consulted and referred for proper diagnosis and treatment for his recent symptom of limited mouth opening. He was examined by many clinicians and dentists with failure to point out for the cause of tooth ache. Impression diagnosis for a TMD condition was made and he was treated with medication and a hard conventional occlusal splint. Despite a very good response for a short period of time, he had got relapse pain with increasing area of abnormal pattern of sensation. It was later discovered that his pain from TMD and atypical odontalgia was the consequence of the intracranial tumor; meningioma.


Objective: Anxiety/depression may lead to misdiagnosis of asthma if respiratory symptoms are prominent. In this study, we aimed to evaluate misdiagnosis due to anxiety and depression among patients diagnosed with asthma.
Methods: This prospective study included patients who were previously diagnosed with asthma and evaluated by a psychiatrist through the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The patients were divided into two groups in terms of their BDI/BAI status as positive (mild, moderate or severe category) or negative (normal category). The groups were compared in terms of clinical characteristics, pulmonary function tests, asthma control tests (ACT), and atopy parameters.
Results: We identified 54 patients (32.7%) in BDI/BAI(+) group. Compared to that in BDI/BAI(+) group, patients in the BDI/BAI(-) group were more likely to have family history of asthma (37.0% vs. 65.7%, p


[Objective]The research aimed to establish monoclonal antibodies against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin Ⅰ(ST1)and construct a rapid sensitive and specific method to detect ST1.[Method] Made the mixture of ST1 inclusion body and Freund's complete adjuvant to immune BALB/c mice,then splenocyte and myeloma cell Sp2/0 lines were fused,used the indirect ELISA screening and limiting dilution to clone cell.[Result] Two McAb hybridoma cell strains called 6F1 and 9B2 have been established,which could secret McAbs against ST1 enterotoxin continuously.[Conclusion] Combined McAb technology with ELISA could obtain the stable hybridoma cell strains,which will provide a basic for the diagnosis of ETEC ST1 in the clinical practice.


It is said that music could affect people's mood and bring some psychological and physiological changes accordingly. And in recent years the alpha brainwave music has become a boom because it claims to be able to make people more peaceful and even cleverer. This study aims to find out if the alpha brainwave music really induces more alpha brainwaves as expected, and to what extent it helps to improve the cognitive abilities. Six healthy male subjects were tested with a series of cognitive tests after having listened to the music. However, the results show that the alpha brainwave music does not induce more alpha components than the resting status, nor could it bring any significant effect to the cognitive test results.


The Department of Archaeology, Cambridge University (England), has done a great service to scholars interested in the history of archaeology by issuing Occasional Paper 1 under its umbrella publication the Archaeological Review from Cambridge. This compact volume contains a number of short articles by some of the leading archaeological figures at Cambridge on doctoral work and the intellectual climates in which students did their from work from 1922-1984. Articles in the volume include the introduction to the volume by SJ. Taylor, "Early Days in the Development of Postgraduate Research in Prehistorical Archaeology at Cambridge:" and by J.G.D. Clark; "Postgraduate Research in Prehistorical Archaeology at Cambridge 1950- 1970," by C.F.W. Higham; "Advice and Consent: Archaeological Research at Cambridge in the 1970s and 1980s, " by Ian Hodder; "The Development of African Archaeology in Cambridge," by J. Alexander; and "Cambridge Archaeology Before the Tripos: The Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology" by D.W. Phillipson. In addition the volume contains a listing of the graduate students at the doctoral level and their dissertation titles from 1922-1987.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for distinguishing tuberculosis from other types of meningoencephalitis.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
MRIs of 100 patients with tuberculous (50), pyogenic (33), viral (14), or fungal (3) meningoencephalitis were analyzed independently by 2 radiologists. Number, size, location, signal characteristics, surrounding edema, and contrast enhancement pattern of nodular lesions; location and pattern of meningeal enhancement; extent of infarct or encephalitis and hydrocephalus were evaluated.

RESULTS
Contrast-enhancing nodular lesions were detected in patients with tuberculous (43 of 50 patients), pyogenic (9 of 33), and fungal (3 of 3) infections. No nodules were detected in patients with viral meningoencephalitis. Using the criteria of 1 or more solid rim or homogeneously enhancing nodules smaller than 2 cm, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for diagnosing tuberculous meningitis were 86.0%, 90.0% and 88.0%, respectively.

CONCLUSION
Magnetic resonance imaging is useful in distinguishing tuberculous from pyogenic, viral and fungal meningoencephalitis.


Purpose: To evaluate the MR findings of a development of bony bridge within tunnels drilled across growth plates after injury in immature rabbits, and to correlate the MR and pathological findings. Materials and Methods: In 19 young rabbits, a growth-plate injury model was constructed in the distal femur by longitudinal drilling with a 5-mm drill. Coronal scans with T1-weighted, T2-weighted fast spin-echo, gradient echo, and gadolinium enhanced T1-weighted sequences were obtained immediately, and at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks, and 3, 6 months, postoperatively. Each group underwent pathologic examination, and the signal inten-sity, shape, and enhancement pattern of the drill holes were assessed. All results were correlated with pathologic findings. Results: During the early period, the signal intensity of the defect site varied due to hemorrhage and inflammatory reaction in the lesion, becoming isointense to that of metaphyseal marrow on all sequences during the late period (3 and 6 months). Pathologically, it corresponded to replacement of the osseous bridge with fatty marrow. The new bone formation shown by pathologic examination to be present in the periphery of the defect during the first week corresponded to the vertical dark rim seen on MR images. It appeared during that week and became more distinct, thickening gradually until the fourth week. Enhancement was absent or faint on follow-up immediately after surgery, inhomogenous and seen in half the rabbits at week 1, and maximal and homogenous at weeks 2 and 3. In had decreased by week 4, and was absent at months 3 and 6. These findings corresponded to the changes in transphyseal vascularity across the drill hole revealed by pathologic examination. Conclusion: The contrast enhancement demonstrated by defective growth plate may indicate the develop-ment of vascularity throughout the plate, a phenomenon which precedes the formation of a bony bridge after trauma.


Taking the 13-point smoothed monthly sunspot number, R i, and the deviation of the 13 associated monthly sunspot numbers from the smoothed one, D i, as a number-pair describing the global level of sunspot activity, the evolution of the level is statistically studied for the period from the month which is just 48 months before the minimum to the minimum in the descending phase, using the observed data of Solar Cycles 10 to 22. Our results show (1) for 46 months (94%) of the studied 49 months it is found that for a given month, the distribution of the 13 pairs which come from the 13 solar cycles on a log R i ∼ Di plane may be fitted by a straight line with a correlation coefficient larger than the critical one at confidence level α =5 %, and for 36 months (73%) the fitting is even better, for α =1 %; (2) time variations of these two parameters and their correlations in the studied period can be described respectively by functions of time, whose main trends may be expressed by a linear or simple curvilinear function; (3) the evolutionary path of the level of sunspot activity may be represented by a logarithmic function as log Ri =0 .704ln Di − 0.291.


Inspite ofthefact that anodic bonding technique hasbe extensively utilized intheMicroElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS) forthe packaging of microsensors and microactuators, somekeyissues, suchasdecreasing anodic bondingtemperature, improving bondingstrength and reducing bubbles inthebonding interface, mustberesolved. Inthepaper, theanidic bonding process ofamicrosealing cavity isstudied by usingan in-house madevacuum packaging equipment. Thequality oftheanodic bonding interface quality isanalyzed bySEM.Theshear strength of thebonding samples ismeasured byain-house madesixaxismicrotester. Theanalysis results demonstrate that the anodic bonding interfaces aredense, without bubbles, and their shear strength isover29MPa.


A DC/DC converter with integrated digital controller and switches is realized. This DC/DC converter only needs an external coil, diode and capacitor. The main advantages of this type of digital DC/DC converter are the fast response on load variation and the high efficiency over a wide power range. The DC/DC converter uses low resistance CMOS switches and operates in multi mode. The controller uses a small output voltage window as reference for control actions.


Euphausiids are abundant micronekton and important links between higher and lower trophic levels in marine ecosystems; however, their detailed diets cannot be fully understood by conventional microscopy, especially in subtropical areas. Here, we report the euphausiid community structure in the California Current (CC) area and the eastern/western North Pacific subtropical gyre (ESG and WSG) and detail the feeding ecology of the dominant species (Euphausia pacifica, E. brevis, and E. hemigibba) in each region using a combined approach of gut content analysis via 18S V9 metabarcoding and stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis. A pronounced omnivorous feeding of all studied euphausiid species was supported by both methods: phytoplanktonic taxonomic groups (Dinophyta, Stramenopiles, and Archaeplastida), Copepoda, and Hydrozoa were detected in the gut contents; all the three euphausiid species displayed an intermediate trophic position between the net plankton (0.2–1.0 mm) and the myctophid fish (15.2–85.5 mm). However, Hydrozoa found in euphausiid gut contents likely derived from a potential cod-end feeding, based on isotope analysis. E. pacifica in the CC province ingested more autotrophic prey, including pelagophyte and green algae, due to a greater abundance of Stramenopiles and Archaeplastida in shallow layers of CC water. On the other hand, non-autotrophic prey such as mixotrophic Kareniaceae dinoflagellates, Pontellidae and Clausocalanidae copepods, and Sphaerozoidae rhizarian contributed more to the diets of E. brevis and E. hemigibba because of a lower chlorophyll a concentration or potentially a scarcity of autotrophic prey availability in ESG and WSG. The feeding patterns of dominant euphausiid species conducting filter feeding were thus largely determined by phytoplankton prey availability in the environments. Dietary difference across three species was also indicated by stable isotope analysis, with a lower mean trophic level of E. pacifica (2.32) than E. brevis (2.48) and E. hemigibba (2.57). These results verify direct trophic interactions between euphausiids and primary production and suggest that the omnivorous feeding habit is a favorable character for dominant Euphausia species.


Abstract In the first experiment, perennial ryegrass with dry matter (DM) 260 g/kg and water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) 140 g/kg DM was harvested as first-cut material on 25 May 1982. It was pre-wilted for 24 h prior to ensilage and treated with either a formic acid with formalin additive (WFF) at 4l/t or no additive (W) and ensiled in two adjoining covered 150 t bunker silos. Subsequently, both silages were satisfactorily fermented. Nevertheless, the pH, ammonia–N g/kg N and lactic-acid content were significantly lower and the residual WSC content significantly higher for WFF than W. Each silage was subsequently individually fed to ten Friesian and ten Holstein dairy cows, together with 10 kg/d of a compound feed containing 160 g/kg crude protein in a 70 d feeding trial. Additive treatment had no significant effect upon silage DM intake, milk output or composition. However, the daily liveweight losses of cows given WFF-treated silage were significantly higher than those given W. In the second experiment, perennial ryegrass (DM 180 g/kg and WSC 170–200 g/kg DM) harvested as first-cut material on 2 June 1983, was either cut and picked up within 20 min of cutting and treated with either the formic acid with formalin additive at 4l/t (NWFF) or no additive (NW); or wilted for a maximum of 24 h and treated with either the formic acid with formalin additive at 4l/t (WFF) or no additive (W). Wilting significantly increased subsequent silage DM. The pH of NW was significantly less than W, whilst the ammonia–N g/kg N of NWFF was significantly less than NW and W and that of W significantly higher than the other treatments. Additive treatment significantly increased the residual WSC content. Each silage was subsequently individually feed to 12 Friesian and 12 Holstein dairy cows together with 10 kg/d of a compound feed to 12 Friesian and 12 Holstein dairy cows together with 10 kg/d of a compound feed containing 160 g/kg protein in a 180 d feeding trial. The silage DM intake of WFF was significantly higher than NW. Silage treatment had no significant effect upon milk output or composition. The daily liveweight loss of cows given WFF-treated silage was significantly less than the other treatments, and the cows on NW had a significantly longer calving index than the other treatments. It is concluded that compared with non-additive-treated silage, formic acid with formalin applied at ensilage produced better fermented silage which, when subsequently given to lactating dairy cows, produced no significant increase in daily silage DM intake, milk output or composition, but had small significant effects upon liveweight change.


Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of docetaxel plus cisplatin chemotherapy with concurrent three dimen- sional radiotherapy (3DCRT) in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: A total of 198 patients with locally advanced lung cancer were divided into the sequential group (102 cases) and the concurrent group (96 cases). Both groups received 3DCRT radiotherapy with a total dose of 70~ 74Gy, 2.0~2.5Gy/fraction, 4~5 times per week. The patients in the concurrent group were treated with doc- etaxel (40mg/m2) d1 and cisplatin (30mg/m2) d1 weekly for 4~5 cycles. The patients in the sequential group were treated with docetaxel (60mg/m2) d1 and cisplatin (80mg/m2) d1 or carboplatin (300mg/m2) d1. The cycle was repeated every 21 days. Radiotherapy was given after 2 cycles of chemotherapy. Results: The response rates of the concurrent group and the sequential group were 62.74% and 40.62%, respectively, with a statisti- cal significance (P0.01). Median survival time was 21.6 months in the concurrent group and 18.4 months in the sequential group. The side effects in both groups were similar. Conclusion: 3DCRT combined with concur- rent docetaxel plus cisplatin chemotherapy is well tolerated and can improve the quality of life in most patients with locally advanced NSCLC.


The effect of Lactomicrocycol on the process of metabolism in calves has been studied. Inclusion of the preparation into the animals' rations did not have any negative influence on metabolic processes in calves. Moreover it stimulated improvement of some blood parameters under study.


more complex and onerous than perhaps for any other group of women as the 21st century rapidly approaches. The historical burdens of racism, sexism and poverty remain negative forces that significantly impact the achievement of black females. Despite gains achieved by white women over the past two decades, a larger percentage of black women live below the poverty line today than did in 1970. Some black women who obtained educa-


The western North Pacific anomalous anticyclone (WNPAC) is the key circulation modulating the East Asian summer climate. In this study, the formation mechanism of the summer WNPAC that is independent of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is investigated. Although ENSO has a significant relationship with WNPAC, except for the super El Niño years, the WNPAC index remains almost unchanged after removing ENSO's impact, suggesting the possibility of other origin of the WNPAC apart from ENSO.
An Atlantic-to-Pacific two-step mechanism is proposed for the formation of ENSO-independent summer WNPAC. In boreal spring, diabatic heating induced by the positive sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) over the tropical Atlantic could stimulate a stationary equivalent barotropic Rossby wavetrain which travels across the Eurasian Continent and ends in the tropical North Pacific. At the end of the Rossby wavetrain, the lower-level anomalous anticyclone advects negative moist enthalpy into the equator, which suppresses the local convection over the tropical North and equatorial central Pacific, and thus triggers the lower-level equatorial easterly anomaly to its west. During boreal summer, the lower-level easterly anomaly leads to the zonal dipole SSTA pattern with a negative center in the tropical central Pacific and a positive one in the Maritime Continent. Then, this dipole SSTA pattern over the Pacific exerts a relaying effect which further reinforces and westward shifts the dipole convection anomaly pattern, generating the WNPAC as a Gill-type response.
This study underpins the independent role of Atlantic oceanic forcing through the extratropical route in the formation of ENSO-independent summer WNPAC.


It is unfortunate that in the field of English studies the science of linguistics has been largely neglected in many Canadian universities. The reasons for this neglect are varied. But the results are always the same: students lamentably ignorant of the most elementary facts about the English language. I have heard an English honors graduate from one of our universities describe Chaucer as "the best of Old English authors." I have met teachers of English in our schools who complained that, in spite of all their courses, they did not feel equipped to teach English grammar and composition and "hated' the school "language periods."


Studies consistently find an association between alcohol use and intimate partner violence (IPV) and many explanations for this association have been offered. The purpose of this review was to examine the nature of this association and determine the extent to which it is understood. Two questions were addressed. Is there conclusive evidence that alcohol use plays a causal role in IPV? What evidence supports the various theories put forward to explain the association between alcohol use and IPV? The current research indicates that alcohol is a contributing factor to IPV that needs to be understood in terms of other interacting variables. There is evidence partly supporting each theory on the association between alcohol and IPV. Integrating the different theories should provide a more effective explanation of the role of alcohol in IPV than would reliance on any single theory.


This study aims to obtain empirical evidence whether the company size, profitability, liquidity and productivity have an influence on corporate bond ratings. The samples are 77 companies listed in the data Indonesia Stock Exchange unless the company engaged in the banking sector and other financial institutions as well as issuing bonds stratified by PT PEFINDO during the years 2009-2011. Data analysis was performed with the help of a software program Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) for Windows version 16. The results showed that the profitability and liquidity have an influence on the company's bond rating firm while size and productivity having no effect on the bond rating companies.


It was proved that a Rh-based ternary catalyst composed of [(nbd)RhCl] 2 ) (nbd: bicyclo[2.2.]hepta-2.5-diene), (triphenylvinyl)lithium, and triphenylphosphine induces living polymerization of phenylacetylene. [(nbd)RhCl] 2 was effective as the main catalyst, whereas neither [(cod)RhCl] 2 (cod: 1.5-cyclooctadiene) nor [(coe),RhCl] 2 (coe: cyclooctene) induced living polymerization. The anionie ligands such as chlorine, methoxy, and acetoxy groups in the Rh complex hardly affected the living polymerization. When vinyllithium as second catalyst component possessed a bulky substituent such as phenyl or t-butyl group on its α-carbon, stable vinylrhodium species were generated, which led to living polymerization. At least one substitnent was necessary on the β-carbon of the vinyllithium for the living polymerization. Tris(4-substituted phenylphosphines worked well as third components among various phosphorus ligands. The polymerization was decelerated as the baslcity of the phosphine ligand increased.


The article considers issues of conflict identification and management in innovation-active organisations and substantiates the need to differentiate social and labour conflicts on the basis of allocating the actual content of contradictions. Among the causes of conflict in organisational communication and interaction of partners in social and labour relations, a group of factors of competence and socio-psychological type and the disagreements caused by them are identified as potential conflictogenes. Typical and newest causes of conflicts in innovative and creative teams are substantiated, content of conflicts of competence and socio-psychological nature and the factors that trigger their occurrence are clarified, theoretical provisions for identifying conflicts of competence and socio-psychological nature and its management are defined. The differences in the functioning of innovation-active organisations are presented, the mechanism of emergence and consequences of conflicts of competence and socio-psychological nature in an innovation-active organisation are illustrated. The directions of updating the system of conflict management in an innovation-active organisation are presented, taking into account their competence and socio-psychological nature, the possibilities of using the presented tools for preventing conflicts in teams with a high level of joint creative interaction are outlined.


Research has been focused on the development of innovative
magnetic micrometer-sized microspheres for specific
applications in DNA analysis in food matrices and other real
samples. Selective isolation of high-quality DNA can be
performed using suitable functionalised magnetic microspheres.
Magnetic P(HEMA-co-GMA) microspheres functionalised with
streptavidin were used for immobilisation of biotinylated DNA
probes (primers, PCR products) and for selective DNA isolation
of Lactobacillus paracasei using DNA/DNA hybridisation. The
procedure proposed was applied for target isolation of DNA from
probiotic bacteria in complex samples (probiotic food
supplements). Isolated DNA was used in genus- and
species-specific PCRs.


Large area and smooth surface diamond thin film on 3 inch silicon substrate have been prepared using hot filament chemical vapor deposit (HFCVD) technology. To in crease nuclear density the substrate was polished with diamond powder of 0.5~1.0 micrometer and the nuclear density was larger than 10 10 /cm 2. Adjusting the deposition Parameters, especially reducing the deposition pressure to enhance secondary nucleation, the surface of diamond film became fine and smooth. The roughness of the surface was only 60nm when the thickness was 5 micrometer. The diamond film with line wide 3 5 micrometer fine pattern was obtained by oxygen ion beam etching method in which a patterned aluminium film was as the protective layer.


We present the results of two studies that compared surgical treatment and percutaneous intervention in two groups of adult patients: one with atrial septal defects and the other with patent ductus arteriosus. In both groups, percutaneous intervention was superior to surgery in terms of patient safety, with fewer immediate and long-term complications.


Objective: To systematically review and summarize the medical literature regarding the effects of tocolysis with indomethacin on neonatal outcome. Data Sources: We supplemented a search of entries in electronic databases with references cited in original studies and review articles to identify studies pertaining to indomethacin tocolysis and neonatal outcome. Methods of Study Selection: We evaluated, abstracted data, and performed quantitative analyses in studies assessing the neonatal outcomes of patients undergoing tocolysis with indomethacin. Observational studies and randomized trials were included in this systematic review. Tabulation, Integration, and Results: Forty-six studies were identified, 28 of which met criteria for systematic review and meta-analysis. These 28 studies included 6,008 infants. Of these infants, 1,621 were exposed to indomethacin for tocolysis antenatally; 4,387 infants not exposed to indomethacin served as the comparison group. An estimate of pooled odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals was calculated for dichotomous outcomes using random- and fixed-effects models. Observational studies and randomized trials were analyzed separately. Pooled estimates from observational studies and randomized trials revealed no significant differences in the rates of intraventricular hemorrhage, patent ductus arteriosus, necrotizing enterocolitis, or neonatal mortality between infants exposed to indomethacin antenatally and those not exposed. Meta-analysis of randomized trials revealed increased risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. However, the meta-analysis included only 3 randomized clinical trials, one of which showed increased risk. An association of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and indomethacin use was not noted in our analysis of observational studies. Conclusion: Although our pooled results did not identify significantly increased risks of adverse effects, the limited statistical power of published randomized trials does not allow us to exclude the possibility that indomethacin tocolysis increases the risk of adverse neonatal outcomes.


Among the red flour beetles, Tribolium castaneum (Herbest) is a cosmopolitan and serious pest of cereal grains and their products. Undoubtedly, the excessive use of pesticides and chemical compounds led to a lot of diseases to humans, animals and the environment, in addition to high costs. In the present study two nanoparticles, Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and Zinc oxide (ZnO) were used as stored product insect protectants compared to malathion as standard reference. Results obtained cleared showed that malathion had the highest adverse effect on the all parameters studied of T. castaneum adults viz, mortality , offspring and weight loss percentage. Data obtained indicated that the increasing of concentration and exposure period caused increasing in mortality (%) and decreasing in weight loss (%).Also results accentuated that the two nanoparticles (Al2O3 and ZnO) significantly inhibited the number of progeny and weight loss (%) and the concentration of 2 g/kg wheat grain had the highest effect based on the LC50 values ZnO was had the most effect compared to Al2O3 nanoparticles.
Finally, although malation was the premier, the present study suggest to use Al2O3 and ZnO nanoparticles in integrated pest management programs as alternative to chemical insecticides where they are considered safe for humans if compared with synthetic insecticide.


WEB This is a Web exclusive article. pidural abscesses are most commonly found in the older pediatric age group (12–16 years) and adults; they are relatively rare in younger children [1]. Epidural abscesses are almost always secondary to or associated with other infections such as mastoiditis, sinusitis, postoperative infection, osteomyelitis of the skull, or complications of trauma or surgery [2, 3]. Traditional management of epidural abscesses in children involves neurosurgical drainage and antibiotic therapy [3, 4]. Techniques for neurosurgical drainage include evacuation of the epidural collection through a burr hole or a craniotomy [3]. Given the availability of more powerful antibiotics, the trend toward using less invasive alternatives for evacuation of epidural abscesses [3] has grown. In that light, we report on the percutaneous drainage of an intracranial epidural abscess using sonography guidance in a 15year-old boy.


With the development of computer integrated manufacturing system, computer aided inspection has become the key link of integrated quality system in CIMS. In CIMS, online inspection technology of machining center based is researched. A special communication interface card with the function of signal isolation, signal transformation and signal transfer is designed. The selecting method of measuring head is discussed. Based on analysis the influence of feeding speed on measuring accuracy, an algorithm of expands time division increment interpolation is presented and it applies to online inspection. The function of inspection system software is introduced.


This work aims at additive watermark detection using a hierarchical prior with two levels in the DWT (Discrete Wavelet Transform) domain. Using this prior we construct a new test statistic which exhibits comparable performance with regard to other state of the art methods. The experimental results on known watermark images demonstrates the high detection sensitivity of the proposed prior in the transform domain along with its improved robust properties.


This paper studies the problem about scheduling composition of periodic real-time tasks and aperiodic soft real-time tasks in heterogeneous multiprocessor environment. It analyzes the response time of each task in periodic real-time task set and the influence factor about the response time of aperiodic soft real-time task. We use a new mixed scheduling algorithm--UEDF and Task-Centric with Slack Defragmentation algorithm (TCSD) to schedule hybrid task set which consist of the periodic real-time tasks and aperiodic soft real-time tasks. It can improve the timeliness of aperiodic soft real-time tasks response, so the ratio of aperiodic tasks to meet soft deadline will increase.