With the increasing aging population, the number of people suffering from dementia continues to grow at a high rate. Emerging technologies have been applied to support the independence of patients with dementia. Among these technologies, augmented reality (AR) technology augments computer-generated virtual content on the real-world environment. There is an increasing interest in the use of AR tools and applications for dementia care as these tools and applications are capable of providing intuitive interaction and reducing the workload of caregivers. This chapter presents a state-of-the-art overview of AR-assisted applications for dementia care. An AR-assisted healthcare exercising system that enhances the user's motor skills and cognition capability is presented to illustrate the use of AR in dementia care. Furthermore, an outlook of the future of AR-assisted dementia care applications is presented.


Community organizations are organizations that play an important role in fighting for the rights of the people in the life of the state. Conflicts between organizations are said to be social conflicts which can be in the form of conflicts between mass organizations, conflicts between citizens, and conflicts between ethnic groups, religions, races and groups. This study aims to identify and analyze the strategy of the National Unity and Politics Agency in fostering mass organizations in Karawang Regency. This type of research is descriptive with a qualitative approach. This study uses the theory of empowerment strategies according to Edi Suharto (2017) which consists of enabling, strengthening, protecting, supporting, and maintaining. The results showed that the Kesbangpol office in Karawang Regency took precautions so that there would be no conflict between mass organizations, namely in the form of coaching and empowering mass organizations by improving the quality of human resources through education, training and coaching regarding national insight to each mass organization in Karawang Regency.


In order to increase the efficiency of the preanalytical process at the Public Health Laboratory (PHL) where urinalysis is performed on pregnant women admitted at primary care family health centres (FHC), our aim was to demonstrate the efficacy of preservative urine tubes in this study. The first morning urine samples of 84 pregnant women were collected into urine tubes with or without preservative. The first analysis was used as a reference. The tubes with preservative containing chlorhexidine were transported at room temperature and analysed on the 2, 6, 24, and 72 h. Tubes with or without preservative and transported according to cold-chain principles were analysed on the 2nd and 6th h. Changes in comparison to the reference tube were analysed. When the test results of the tubes with preservative and kept at room temperature were compared to those of the reference tubes, the only changes that were observed were in the leukocyte morphology. During microscopic examination of the tubes with or without preservative and transported in accordance with cold-chain principles, no differences were found except pH changes during strip tests and changes in the crystal structure. The tubes with preservative containing chlorhexidine, whose performance was tested with the aim of controlling pre-analytical variables, may be used in conditions in which transportation in accordance with cold-chain principles is impossible. Tubes without preservative were observed to be adequate in conditions in which transportation in accordance with cold-chain principles is possible within 6 h.


Generally economic growth tends to lower inequality in the economy. The objective of this article is to determine the role of fiscal policy on inequality throughout economic growth. Iraq for the period of )2004-2019( has been chosen. Gross domestic production )GDP(, Government expenditure )G.EXP(, Poverty, and ISIS variables have been considered to model this article. Two models have been applied. The first one; is the model of the effect of G.EXP and ISIS on GDP by using the ARCH model. The result shows that G.EXP has a positive impact on economic growth. The second model is to examine the effect of GDP on Poverty by using the ARDL model. The result shows that GDP has a negative relationship with poverty as GDP increase poverty tends to decrease. The impacts of previous economic growth have more effect on poverty. It is anticipated that G.EXP decrease and GDP increases for the period of 2020 to 2025. It is recommended that government has to take immediate action to lower the rate of poverty and lessen the income distribution inequality in economy and reconstruct the harmed area by war to return migrated people to their original place. Increase the investment expenditure. Further study is needed with different and longer time interval and other relative variables related to this topic and using different methods for econometric models. conditioned on and high has been examined. U.S. quarterly time-series data, a time of 2008, on different measures of labour consumption and total as well as economic uncertainty are conducted in the study. The coefficients have been estimated by using the method of local projection. The results show that both contractionary and fiscal policies increase and the presence of relatively higher levels of uncertainty, the effectiveness of both policies is weakened. Thus, pointing to the need policy-makers aware the level while conducting economic policies in the U.S.


Monitoring of Veterinary Antibiotics in Agricultural Soils using Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry Young-Jun Lee, Jeong-Heui Choi, Hyung Suk Chung, Han Sol Lee, Byung-Jun Park, Jang-Eok Kim and Jae-Han Shim (Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea, Chemical Safety Division, Department of Agro-Food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Wanju 53365, Korea, School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea)


Safety concerns about di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), a plasticizer and a probable endocrine disruptor, have attracted considerable public attention, but there are few studies about long-term exposure to DEHP. DEHP toxicity is thought to involve peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor α (PPARα), but this contention remains controversial. For investigation of the long-term toxicity of DEHP and determination of whether PPARα mediates toxicity, wild-type and PPARα-null mice were fed a diet that contained 0.05 or 0.01% DEHP for 22 mo. PPARα-null mice that were exposed to DEHP exhibited prominent immune complex glomerulonephritis, most likely related to elevated glomerular oxidative stress. Elevated NADPH oxidase, low antioxidant enzymes, and absence of the PPARα-dependent anti-inflammatory effects that normally antagonize the NFκB signaling pathway accompanied the glomerulonephritis in PPARα-null mice. The results reported here indicate that PPARα protects against the nephrotoxic effects of long-term exposure to DEHP.


Life stories of adopted people often have complex narrative lines, since to the already insurmountable difficulty of any human effort to know and fix one's origin is often added the extra difficulty of lack of information about birth parents, date, place, and, as the oxymoronic current language has it, "birth culture" (see e.g. Tompkins 276). Starting in the 1970s, with the emergence of the search and open adoption movements, with increasing opposition to the placement of minority children out of their birth communities, and with newer practices of transnational adoption modeled on these existing practices, U.S. adoption culture has placed a high value on knowledge of personal (familial, genetic) origins and "birth culture." 1 In most cases access to such knowledge is thwarted, however, whether by law or by circumstance, so adoptive families generate doubles and substitutes. Adoption day is celebrated as well as the often conjectural birthday; narratives of the adoption trip or first encounter are told in place of birth stories; and in the case of transnational or transethnic adoption, parents construct a simulacrum of the "birth culture" by providing "same-race role models" 2 and incorporating into family life cultural fragments (holidays, food, clothing) that are supposed to be authentic but that are, inevitably, translated and hybridized. Transnational adoptive families embark on "roots trips" to the scenes where an origin might be reconstructed: to the city, orphanage, street or police station where the child was found. In the case of U.S. domestic adoptions, adult adoptees embark on searches for birth parents. The roots trip makes origins seem knowable, memorable, documentable, yet again and again in the narratives of such journeys, origins are fictionally constructed in the face of admissions that they cannot otherwise be known. 3 And search narratives, like the epic


Abstract The Institute for Johns Hopkins Nursing was founded in 1995. A formal joint venture of two separate corporate entities, it links nursing service and education activities through a single entrepreneurial entity that embodies shared vision and true partnership. This article describes the process of developing this new relationship between the Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing and the Johns Hopkins Hospital Department of Nursing. The partnership formalized by the Institute enables the two institutions to achieve goals basic to their respective missions and to advance the profession they both serve. Through shared activities, the Institute helps prepare nurses for practice, keeps practicing nurses current, and provides opportunities for hospital staff nurses and School of Nursing faculty to participate in interesting and innovative programs and projects that build on their inherent talents and add meaning to their professional practice.


Non-invasive sampling through fecal collection is one of the most cost-effective alternatives for
free-living wild mammals monitoring, as they provide information on animal taxonomy as well
as the dynamics of the gastrointestinal parasites that potentially infect these animals. In this
context, this study aimed to search the mammalian species of the Carnivora and Artiodactyla
Orders that circulate in the Itatiaia National Park, as well as the gastrointestinal parasites in
their biological samples. Between 2017 and 2018 fecal samples with morphology compatible to
carnivorous and artiodactyls feces were collected and the collecting points were georeferenced,
being these plotted in PNI maps. After the collection, the feces were submitted to techniques
for identification through fecal macroscopic morphological analysis, trichological cuticle and
guard marrow, and molecular biology through the sequencing of fragments from 12S gene for
the carnivorous and COI for artiodactyls. For parasite research were performed
coproparasitological techniques of Faust et al., Modified Ritchie and Sheather and Lutz, as well
as the enzyme immunoassay for the detection of Cryptosporidium sp. Of the 244 fecal samples,
78.7% were collected in the high part of the park, 19.3% in Visconde de Maua and 2% in the
low part. In the end, the species identified were C. brachyurus (45.5%), L. guttulus (24.2%), C.
familiaris (5.3%), C. thous (1.2%), P. yagouaroundi (0.4%), L. pardalis (0.4%), T. pecari
(6.1%), and S. scrofa (4.9%). The overall positivity for parasite structures was 81.1%.
Helminthes were more detected in carnivore's samples (70.9%) than artiodactyls (32.2%),
being Families Ascarididae (30.8%) and Diphyllobothriidae (21.3%) eggs the most detected
helminthes. Protozoa presented higher frequency in artiodactyls (87.1%) than in carnivores
(25.3%), highlighting the coproantigens of Cryptosporidium sp. (27.4%), and non-sporulated
coccidian oocysts (4.1%). The highest values of richness (R) of parasite structure, as well as the
Shannon (H ') and Simpon (D) diversity indeces were evidenced in fecal samples of C.
brachyurus (R = 12, H' = 2,2504, D = 0,881 ), followed by L. guttulus (R = 10; H '= 19905; D
= 0.844). Both species presented stabilization in the curve of accumulation of parasite
structures. In relation to the artiodactyls, S. scrofa presented higher richness and diversity
indices (R = 6, H '= 1.4286, D = 0.721) than T. pecari (R = 4, H' = 1.0627, D = 0.605), being S.
scrofa the only species whose curve of accumulation of parasitic structures did not stabilize. A
significant statistical difference was observed in the Shannon index when comparing the
diversity of the parasite structures detected among the animals that had the highest diversity
indexes between C. brachyurus and C. familiaris and among those phylogenetically more
distant, such as C. brachyurus and L. guttulus with the species of artiodactyls. The Sorensen
similarity index, closer to the value = 1, that is, perfect similarity in the pattern of parasite
structures, occurred between C. brachyurus and L. guttulus, T. pecari and S. scrofa, and C.
thous and P. yagouaroundi. The eggs of helminthes most evidenced in the samples collected in
the park were those of Ascarididae Family, similar to Toxocara sp. and those of the
Diphyllobothriidae Family. Both were detected in the feces of C. brachyurus, C. thous, L.
guttulus, and P. yagouaroundi. The most diagnosed protozoa were the Cryptosporidium sp.
which was detected in all species of animals identified. The most evidenced parasite association
occurred among the most detected parasites in the carnivorous samples, including the Family
Ascarididae and the Diphyllobothriidae eggs and between Family Ascarididae and Trichuris
sp.. Through the association of three identification techniques of carnivorous and artiodactyls
was possible to identify the fecal material as well as the parasite structures that may potentially
be infecting these animals and thus to carry out a parasitological survey for the first time from
non-invasive fecal samples of carnivores and artiodactyls that circulate in the three different
parts of the Itatiaia National Park.


1.1 Learning from the TEC joint evaluation process is one of the three core aims of the TEC. To enable this, the TEC has facilitated three after action reviews (AARs) and circulated one survey questionnaire (see Annex 1). Two of the AARs involved TEC Core Management Group (CMG) agencies while the third included evaluation team leaders and team members. The survey questionnaire was circulated more widely in order to get feedback from the wider group of agencies who participated in the TEC, but who weren't necessarily part of the CMG or involved in the evaluation teams.


Background. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a highly informative and safe method of examination during pregnancy, which helps to identify and localize pathological changes in the uterus or placenta.Objective. The goal of the study was to develop a universal topographic-anatomical segmentation of the pregnant uterus using MRI (with possible comparison with the bony landmarks) to determine the exact localization of abnormalities in the placenta and myometrium.Design and methods. A retrospective analysis of 96 MR images of the pelvis of pregnant women with various abnormalities in the placenta or myometrium was carried out.Results. The results of the analysis were used to develop a universal topographic and anatomical segmentation of the pregnant uterus by a step-by-step division of the entire area of the uterine walls into 12 conditionally equivalent segments. The sides of the uterus were marked with the capital letters D (Dexter — right), A (Anterior — anterior), S (Sinister — left), P (Posterior — posterior) to define the orientation, and with lowercase abbreviations sup (=superior), med (=median) and inf (=inferior) to specify the upper, middle and lower levels, respectively.Conclusion. MRI-based DASP segmentation analysis of MR images allows to accurately localize uterine abnormalities and can be used in clinical practice by radiologists and obstetricians when considering the delivery method.


Group support systems (GSS) have an important role to play in the creativity revolution occurring in organizations. Creativity has been studied in terms of: the characteristics of the creative individual; specific creativity processes used; the nature of the products of creative processes: and the attributes of environments that inhibit or are conducive to creativity. GSS research, however, has tended to focus on very limited aspects of creativity and there is a need to expand the scope of GSS research. In this paper, we identify a number of structuring mechanisms present in creativity techniques (used with or without the support of GSS) and explore how they influence the nature of products generated by individuals with different cognitive styles. Our analysis leads to a set of testable propositions.<<ETX>>


We establish the basic theory of almost periodic sequences on ℤ+. Dichotomy techniques are then utilized to find sufficient conditions for the existence of a globally attracting almost periodic solution of a semilinear system of difference equations. These existence results are, subsequently, applied to discretely reproducing populations with and without overlapping generations. Furthermore, we access evidence for attenuance and resonance in almost periodically forced population models.


Abstract Development of accountability standards to demonstrate cause and effect relationships are gaining rapid advancement in the field of social sciences. Many governmental agencies, foundations, and other funders have developed approaches that require organizations to utilize science-based programs and incorporate evaluative methods to show improved outcomes and cost benefits to society. This article will examine the need for increased accountability in developing effective interventions by faith-based organizations in the delivery of social service interventions. Recently, there has been a strong movement toward governmental funding for faith-based institutions to provide social services, although there has been inadequate scientific data to demonstrate that approaches implemented are effective in meeting needs or yielding favorable outcomes. Similarly, many faith-based organizations provide innovative and effective programs that could serve as model programs if there was appropriate empirical evidence. This article will discuss how rigorous evaluative approaches such as randomized clinical control trials can produce scientific data on program effectiveness. We will use a case example in the field of drug and alcohol treatment to illustrate these points.


A long-period grating based on silica planar lightwave circuit technology is reported. The grating structure has been realized by forming a periodic corrugation on the lower waveguide cladding layer. This structure offers a permanent refractive index modulation, resulting in a grating that is highly stable to environmental variation. A strong rejection band is observed at a specified resonance wavelength. Device sensitivity to external refractive index change of up to 2.9 × 10-6/pm can be achieved without any surface modification. Thermal characterization has demonstrated a temperature dependence of only 24.5 pm/°C .


The present invention provides a methyl etherified urea-formaldehyde resin production processes, urea, formaldehyde and methanol as starting material, prepared good stability, long shelf life of methyl etherified urea resins; the production process, the raw material urea the molar ratio of formaldehyde and methanol is 1.5 to 2.0 2.5:1.0 ~; and finally concentrated in vacuo under a vacuum of -0.085 ~ -0.095MPa afford the product viscosity in the range of 600 ~ 1000mp.s / 30 ℃ mesylate etherified urea resin. Step of the production process of the present invention provides a simple, low cost, good stability of the obtained resin, the shelf life of up to six months.


This research was designed to investigate the on-the-job learning of low-income African American women in entry-level jobs, in particular the relationships between the social context of the workplace, the nature of these jobs, and the kind of skills and knowledge the women acquired. We draw implications for adult basic education research and practice, in which the provision of work-related education for low-income women has become increasingly important due to the effects of welfare reform.


Annealing of Zn foils substrates was performed in air for 30 min at 300 oC, 400 oC and 500 oC, respectively. The effects of annealing on the structural and optical properties of Zn foils substrates were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and photoluminescence (PL) measurements. After annealing, the XRD patterns showed that the annealed ZnO films have c-axis preferential orientation, the crystallinity of the ZnO films was improved, and the grain size decreased by thermal annealing. PL spectra are clearly visible at 376 nm for ZnO film grown on Zn foils substrates. The mean grain size in the annealed ZnO microstructures was estimated using Scherrer's equation is about 82, 76, 69 nm for 300°C, 400°C, and 500°C, respectively. A PL spectrum is clearly visible at 376 nm for ZnO microstructures grown on Zn foil substrates. The PL analysis indicates that the growth of ZnO thin film with the presence of the defect-related band. Green-yellow band emission is observed at 520 nm.


The present invention relates to a high-power femtosecond pulsed laser, said laser comprising: a source capable of generating an envelope having a frequency and a carrier frequency of a string of input laser pulses; chirped pulse amplification means; and means for controlling the output of the laser pulses It means the phase shift between the carrier frequency and the frequency envelope. According to the invention, the means for controlling the phase drift between envelope frequency and the carrier frequency of the phase modulator comprises an electro-optical device for the electro-optical phase modulation device is disposed on the optical path chirped pulse amplification means as a function of time in order to stabilize phase shift between the output laser pulse envelope frequency and carrier frequency.


Our goal is always to offer you an assortment of cost-free ebooks too as aid resolve your troubles. We have got a considerable collection of totally free of expense Book for people from every single stroll of life. We have got tried our finest to gather a sizable library of preferred cost-free as well as paid files. Searching for the majority of sold book or reading resource worldwide? We provide them all in style kind as word, txt, kindle, pdf, zip, rar and ppt. one of them is this competent a perfect match that has actually been composed by Still perplexed how to get it? Well, just read online or download by registering in our site right here. Click them. This is really going to save you time and your money in something should think about. If you're seeking then search around for online. Without a doubt there are several these available and a lot of them have the freedom. However no doubt you receive what you spend on. An alternate way to get ideas would be to check another a perfect match. GO TO THE TECHNICAL WRITING FOR AN EXPANDED TYPE OF THIS A PERFECT MATCH, ALONG WITH A CORRECTLY FORMATTED VERSION OF THE INSTANCE MANUAL PAGE ABOVE.


Nozzle of MGD decreasing alkene is empoldered by the industry academe of petrochemistry,it can decreasing the alkene of gasoline,ameliorate the distributing of manufacture,Petrochina Harbin Chemical Company ⅢFCC applied the nozzle,the gasoline's content of alkene decreased 5% about and can advanced the rate of LPG and diesed oil,the benefit of economy is evidence.


The claimed invention provides a system and / or method that facilitates synchronizing data within data storage systems. Interface components are available for synchronization technique within the data storage system. It is possible to provide a data synchronization peer-peer secure synchronization component on the basis of the synchronization technique that allows at least a part of the tiered access to the synchronized data to the (tiered access) - pitcher. Data storage systems, peer-to-peer synchronization, tiered access database


The computer program developed as a part of the present project is a standard numerical technique for calculating transient heat transfer through a one-dimensional wall. The extension of the program is to account for the varying space temperature that is regulated by the throttling range of the controller, The resulting computer program gives results that agree with experimental measurements for the case of internal heat addition in a masonry test chamber. This computer program can then be used to verify algorithms in commercial energy-calculation programs. The concept of a building in a controlled swing to the space temperature offers the possibility of reducing peak cooling loads and thereby opens the possibility of reducing demand changes. The summary of the results of the tests of four different throttling ranges is shown. The measurements and calculations indicated a steady-state component of approximately 0.2 kw due to conduction through the wall; so this value was subtracted from all heat extraction values since it is the reduction of the cooling due to the triangular pulse that is of interest. With a throttling range of 6.7/degree/C that results in a temperature swing of 2.7/degree/C, the reduction in peak heat extraction rate was 34%. It ismore » important to observe that this very favorable percentage of reduction occurred with the triangular pulse of internal heat input. If instead of the sharp peak of the triangle the profile were more blunt, the percentage of peak shaving would be less. Nevertheless, the magnitudes are such that the application of temperature swings seems attractive. 6 refs.« less


Purpose: To identify the risk factors of symptomatic adjacent segment degeneration (SASD) after posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) and to figure out the correlation between spino-pelvic parameters and SASD. Methods: 21 patients who with postoperative SASD during an average follow-up time of 42.14±25.97 months were retrospectively analyzed as the study group. The controlled group consisted of 96 patients who developed no SASD after PLIF. Characteristics of the including patients were investigated in both groups. The spino-pelvic parameters including pelvic incidence (PI), lumbar lordosis (LL), sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT) were calculated preand postoperatively. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis were then performed to identify the related risk factors for SASD after PLIF. Results: The patients in the SASD group showed a significant reduction of postoperative LL (P=0.002) and significant increase of postoperative PT (P=0.005). The postoperative LL (OR=0.911, P=0.004), postoperative PT (OR=1.121, P=0.007) and bone mineral density (BMD) (OR=0.536, P=0.023) were detected to be the most important risk factors for SASD after PLIF while the body mass index (BMI) was selected as a suspicious factor (P=0.068). Conclusion: The risk factors of SASD after PLIF turn out to be multifactorial, the spino-pelvic parameters play an important role in SASD. The BMD, postoperative LL and postoperative PT are inextricably linked with SASD. Our study demonstrates the necessity to restore the PT and maintain the LL in the surgery to reduce the occurrence of SASD.


VR technology has begun entering the repertoir of tools used by all parties. Today, sports goods business uses VR for visualization and sales. For example, VR is used as a promotional tool in selling goods to consumers and providing up-to-date information on the right prices and archery items. Very important, VR can help customers communicate better about the proposed plateform. Therefore, the proposed application for the X-10 Store in Virtual Reality is recommended. The X-10 Shop is a shop to provide information and pricing for beginner users on archery tools and they can also learn about archery equipment before buying it. The main objective of this research is to develop applications, to test the use of this application. This app is a platform for users to create users who want to buy archery tools and easy tools to view information and prices of archery equipment without having to go to the store and waste time to get there. This involves the use of Unity application development software to generate X-10 Shop in Realita Maya. JOURNAL OF MECHANICS OF CONTINUA AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES www.journalimcms.org ISSN (Online) : 2454 -7190 Vol.-15, No.-7, July (2020) pp 328-339 ISSN (Print) 0973-8975 J. Mech. Cont.& Math. Sci., Vol.-15, No.-7, July (2020) pp 328-339 Copyright reserved © J. Mech. Cont.& Math. Sci. Yousef A. Baker El-Ebiary et al 329


The interaction and cooperation between local governments is rising to be a theoretical and practical issue worthy of discussion. Related theories can provide enlightenments on boosting local government cooperation. As the basic institutional arrangements of human society,bureaucracy and markets have the profoundest influence on local governmental cooperation,so one must pay more attention to the market incentives and the positive impetus of bureaucracy to the local government cooperation. The theory of collective action reveals the dilemma of cooperation,but meanwhile holds views that people can solve prisoners dilemma through appropriate institutional arrangements by themselves. The theory of organization network provides another perspective except market and bureaucracy. It focuses more on " handshake" rather than " visible and invisible hand". The theory of intergovernmental governance also provides explanation on local government cooperation from its distinct perspective. All these theories can contribute to the theorization of new development of local government cooperation,and avoiding the constraints of cooperation.


The capacity planning serves an important role in strategic decisions involving production facilities. While there are many publications made on capacity planning, most of the models created tend to restrict their applications in real-world due to some initial assumptions being made and/or the run-time execution of the models that may be prohibitive. The objective of this paper is to explore the model construction for in-plant truck movement in a cement company that is based on building a discrete-event simulation one so that the planning may be sufficiently robust while the amount of time for constructing the model and the run-time still serve practical purposes. The model then is used to examine the effects of shifting bottlenecking and thus, allows users to identify critical resources for the production process. The results show that such a model provides the directions and aids for the management to make the strategic decisions.


A feature of quantum mechanical states is delocalised coherence. We directly observe this coherence up to the three photon level. Explicitly, we carry out two-mode weak-field homodyne of both a single photon split at a beam splitter and a two-mode squeezed state. While our measurements are insufficient to quantify or witness entanglement directly, with improved collection efficiency and measurement stability we aim to show that this can be achieved with such a scheme. Thus we have shown how such a detector can directly probe coherence in both the discrete and continuous variable pictures.


What does it mean to write African American literature after the end of legalized segregation? In this study of Colson Whitehead's first six novels, Marlon Lieber argues that this question has permeated the Pulitzer Prize-winning author's writing since his 1999 debut The Intuitionist. Drawing on Pierre Bourdieu's relational sociology and Marxist critical theory, Lieber shows that Whitehead's oeuvre articulates the tension between the persistent presence of racism and transformations in the United States' class structure, which reveals new modes of abjection. At the same time, Whitehead imagines forms of writing that strive to transcend the histories of domination objectified in social structures and embodied in the form of habitus.


Aiming at the thermal erosion problems caused by high temperatures,detailed pantograph-catenary surface heat flow calculation and evaluation were referred to and a computational model of pantograph and contact line was established.It was pointed out that the pantograph-catenary surface heat sources involved temperatures generated under the action of friction,contact resistances and arcing.The thermal erosion processes and influencing factors of the three types of temperature rise were analyzed and calculated.Simulation was made on the basis of selection of fundamental parameters of the Beijing-Tianjin Intercity Railway.The simulation results show that the friction heat,Joule heat and arc heat generally exist simultaneously and influence one another.The law of pantograph-catenary contact pressures,wind speeds,running speeds and current changes affecting contact wire and slide surface heat fluxes was found.


Negotiation is believed to play a key role in language learning in general and vocabulary learning in particular. The present study aimed at investigating the effect of types of instructions (negotiation, non-negotiation, or in isolation) on learning and recalling of new words by Iranian learners. Using a quasi-experimental research design, 39 EFL students of a secondary school were sampled and assigned into three experimental groups: the input plus negotiated group (IPN), the input without negotiated group (IWN), and the elaborative, un-instructed input group (EUI). The first group had the chance for negotiated interaction; the second one received the input without any negotiation with their instructor and the last group received elaborative input without any interaction with their teachers. The groups were rated on their degree of comprehension and the acquisition of vocabulary items. The results revealed that negotiation had a non-significant effect over non-negotiation tasks. However, the results indicated that negotiation was significantly effective against un-instruction task. Thus, in acquisition and retention of new vocabulary, IPN group was not significantly different than IWN group, but they outperformed those learners who used their own strategy to learn new words (EUI).


Let S. K. T denote the classes of normalized univalent, convex and typically real functions resp. in the unit disk. It will be shown that there exists a polynomial p ∊ S ∩ T of degree 6 and a function g ∊ K ∩T such that p∗g ∉ S where ∗ denotes the Hadamard product. Moreover there is a polynomial q ∊ S of degree 3 and a function h ∊ K such that q∗h ∉ S..


: Back Ground: One of the prerequisites for successful endodontic therapy is the determination of correct working length. There is general agreement that the apical constriction is the most appropriate landmark for termination of endodontic therapy. However, this landmark is not always present, especially in cases of root resorption or in teeth with open apices. Thus working length determination becomes crucial. Aim: To compare the accuracy of working length determination of Propex Pixi (Dentsply Sirona, Swiss), Root ZX mini (J Morita, USA) electronic apex locators and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in teeth with simulated apical root resorption. Materials and Methods: Twenty mandibular premolars were selected and a 45° oblique cut was made at the apex. Preoperative CBCT was taken and working length is measured. Access opening was done and the teeth were embedded in an alginate mould. Working length was determined using two generations of apex locators, Propex Pixi (Dentsply Sirona, Swiss) and Root ZX mini (J Morita, USA). The length of the file was measured using vernier's calipers and the data was projected to statistical analysis. Results: Root ZX mini was found to be more accurate in determining the working length in comparison with Propex Pixi. However, no statistically significant difference was seen between Root ZX Mini and CBCT. Conclusion: In this present study Root ZX mini measured the tooth length with the greatest accuracy. for working determination in permanent teeth. this aims to measure the accuracy of two EALs in determining working in teeth with simulated apical root resorption.


Most common uses of the Internet are email, Web surfing, and transactions ranging from e-commerce to bill paying. This paper discussed on how to prevent eavesdropping and eliminate possible attack modalities. HTTPS allows for the growing work of e-commerce, online banking and bill paying, and other activities requiring secure information exchange.


Some of the salient 'ingredients' of giftedness are reviewed. They include the origins of giftedness and creativity, is nature or nurture responsible for giftedness, characteristics of the gifted, and the role of their family in enhancimng their talents and assisting them to address difficulties that they may face and which may be related to their giftedness.


— Due to the context of the economic recession that the country is going through triggered by the covid-19 pandemic and considering the importance of the textile and clothing sector in Peru, order fulfillment is a requirement in the business world; when there is no control over it, it turns into an indicator of recurring issues for Small and Midsize Enterprises (SMEs) and Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) of the textile manufacturing sector. This study proposes a production model focused on the mentioned indicator to improve efficiency in the coating process through a management model based on 5S, Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) (autonomous maintenance), and ergonomics with help of simulation software, such as Arena Simulator, Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) and Delmia V5. After the implementation of this model, positive results were obtained, which showed an increase in overall global efficiency of the machinery by 24.23%, a reduction of supplies search time by 10.63%, and improvements in the risk level due to bad posture to finally get an increase of 45.50% in order fulfillment, on time, in full.


Through the anthropological field-investigation,the writer of this paper has studied the ways of land-use by different nationalities in Shangri-La County and concluded that their differences in land-use have originated from their differences in adapting to the natural environment.It has been stressed that while accomplishing the returning-cultivated-land-to-forestry project we should take the environmental,ethnic and cultural diversity into consideration and abandon those rough and environment-hurting ways of land-use.


of Humor Abstract Comedies occupy a significant place among Turkish films that reach a large audience. Considering those produced after 2000, one may not that film makers have favored the narratives of people with characteristics best described as "lumpen." This article examines the humor created through Marx's concept of "lumpen," the term he used to identify this social group. The film series Geniş Aile: Yapıştır (2015) and Geniş Aile 2: Her Türlü (2016) are selected for the purposive sampling method, because they feature primary and secondary characters who are both lumpen and flat. It is also pointed out that the analyzed characters are consistent with Superiority, Incongruity and Relief theories of humor. Findings of the analysis show that lumpenism is used as an important element of humor in the narratives of the


This research constructs a proxy of corporate governance using price spread approach. Price spread approach will divide each market activity in to price premium and price discount. The price premium will have sufficient governance practices the price discount therefore price premium firms have higher market value then price discount firms. The relationship of the corporate governance index the tests with market value of the firm. This research argues that price spread (bid and offer) will justify the corporate governance practices. However, the proxy not yet tests with firm's market value that viewed by shareholders as their wealth. This research uses Indonesian listed firm from 1995 to 2007. This research suggests that corporate governance proxy will summarize the information contained in the corporate governance practices therefore implied on market value of the firms. This research argues that investors pay a significant premium for well-governed firms, benefiting firms that improve their governance mechanisms.


Introduction: This was descriptive research which aimed to study the learning outcomes based on the Thai Qualifications Frameworks for Higher Education (TQF: HEd)) after completing community health nursing practicum of 4 th year students, the Faculty of Nursing, Naresuan University. Methods: The samples were 113 4 th year nursing students. Data were collected using the evaluation form of opinions on learning outcomes in six areas, namely morals and ethics, knowledge, intellectual skills, interpersonal skills and responsibility, numerical analysis, communication and information technology skills and professional practice skills. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution, percentage, mean and standard deviation. Results: The research results showed that the mean score of the opinions of the 4 th year students, Faculty of Nursing, Naresuan University, toward their learning outcomes based on the TQF: HEd was quite high in all six areas. The overall score was at a high level (X=4.36, S.D. =0.42). The area with the highest level was morals and ethics (X = 4.50, S.D = 0.39), followed by professional practice skills (X = 4.48, S.D. = 0.49), interpersonal skills and responsibility (X = 4.43, S.D. = 0.53), numerical analysis, communication and information technology skills (X = 4.31, S.D. = 0.55), intellectual skills (X= 4.31, S.D. = 0.52) and knowledge (X = 4.11, S.D. = 0.55), respectively. Conclusion: The research results can be used as the guidelines for the development of learning outcomes and assessment in accordance with the TQF: HEd.


With the Neurath rediscovery by now a nearly historical phenomenon and a Carnap revival in full swing, it is only fi tting that the titular head of the Vienna Circle is also now receiving a wave of scholarly attention comparable to those bestowed on his colleagues. Indeed, with the Neurath Gesamtausgabe apparently stalled and the Carnap's Collected Works just one volume old, the Kritische Gesamtausgabe of Schlick even threatens to steal a march on its rivals: to date already four volumes have been published (only the fi rst of which is reviewed here). Moreover, these publications are accompanied by the launch of two series of studies dedicated to the work of Schlick. To judge from their fi rst volumes they will do much to help not only new readers of Schlick to put his work into context but also seasoned readers of his to deepen their appreciation of it. Pride of place, of course, goes to Volume 1 of the Kritische Gesamtausgabe for which has been chosen, rightly in my view, not his earliest writings but his Allgemeine Erkenntnislehre, published in two editions in 1918 and 1925 (the latter was translated into English by Albert Blumberg as General Th eory of Knowledge, Open Court, LaSalle, 1974). Th is is the book which made his name in German philosophy as a fresh and independent voice and which, together with his Raum und Zeit in der gegenwärtigen Physik (in various forms and editions 1917–1922, reprinted in vol. 2 of the Gesamtausgabe and translated as "Space and Time in Contemporary Physics" in Schlick, Philosophical Papers (ed. by H. Mulder and B. van de Velde-Schlick), Reidel, Dordrecht, 1979, Vol. 1) established him as a leading philosopher of science of his day. While it still distinguished Schlick from his later positivist self by its critical realism (what today we may call "scientifi c


Fermentation is always characteristic of multiple non- linearity and time-varying. In order to know and control the fermentation process, many process models are used to formulate knowledge about process behavior. They are applied, e.g., to predict the process' future behavior and for state estimation when reliable on-line measuring techniques to monitor the key variables of the process are not available. The sources of information available for modeling come from two ways. First, some equilibrium equation can be described by first principles or obtained rules of thumb. Secondly, some information may still be hidden in the process data recorded during previous runs of the process. This work proposes a hybrid modeling strategy and a correcting method on-line. This hybrid model is a combination of classical fermentation models and support vector machines modeling based data. In case study, the hybrid model is applied in the Nosiheptide fermentation process. Results show that this method has a good estimation performance.


I've made some recent investments in my practice that have caused me to take on some debt. My understanding is that the interest paid is not deductible. Any suggestions on how to better structure my debt?


A wide range of aliphatic and aromatic O-alkyl selenoesters has been synthesised from the appropriate di-N-substituted imidoyl chloride with use of sodium hydrogen selenide to introduce selenium. The reduction of selenoesters to ethers has been demonstrated, as well as the ready reaction of these compounds with the methylene Wittig reagent.


Type of funding sources: None.

 Leadless pacemakers (PMs) capable of atrio-ventricular (AV) synchronous pacing have been introduced recently. These devices provide mechanical atrial sensing by detection of the atrial contraction via an accelerometer. Atrial tracking may be disturbed by external influences such as body motions and higher heart rates in real life. To track the amount of AV synchronous pacing, the device statistic classifies all sensed and paced QRS complexes according to presumed AV synchrony. The reliability of this self-diagnostics to estimate the true degree of AV synchrony, however, is insufficiently studied.

 To investigate the informative value of the device statistics offered by leadless VDD PMs regarding true AV snychrony.

 We prospectively included all patients who received a leadless VDD PM between 07/2020 and 05/2021 at our center in this observational study. During the regular outpatient follow-ups, device interrogation was performed, which included evaluation of the PM statistics. True AV synchrony (defined as a QRS complex preceded by a p-wave within 300ms) was analyzed repeatedly during follow-up using Holter ECGs.

 We analysed 34 Holter ECGs from 20 outpatients (816 hours of ECG in total). Patients had a median age of 80 years (interquartile range 76-86 years), 55% were females. For Holter ECG sequences that showed high degree or complete AV-Block (>80% ventricular pacing), the percentage of paced beats that were presumed to be AV synchronous by the device statistic (ratio "AM-VP"/total VP) correlated well with AV synchrony as assessed using Holter-ECGs (Kendall's τ=0.312, p<0.001). AV synchrony in the Holter ECG was different in patients with <66.6% presumed AV synchrony than in patients with >66.6% presumed AV synchrony (p<0.001, figure). For Holter ECG sequences with mostly preserved intrinsic AV conduction (<20% ventricular pacing), the ratio "AM-VP"/total VP was not predictive for true AV synchrony (Kendall's τ=0.07, p=n.s.). In this situation, however, "VS only" (Kendall's τ=0.110, p=0.005) correlated with true AV synchrony (due to AV conduction mode switch) and "VP only" showed an inverse correlation with AV synchrony (Kendall's τ=-0.215, p<0.001).

 Leadless PMs provide device statistics that show a correlation with true AV synchrony. The clinical setting as well as the device programming (e.g. AV conduction mode switch) significantly influence the predictive value of the different parameters of the device's statistics.


Engine vibration detection is a hot spot in the field of computer monitoring and control .Introducing the basic theory of the cyclical machinery vibration, analyzing the different vibration detection method on the focus of effectiveness and performance; designing architecture of the system's hardware design , storage systems design which based on the ARM S3c44b0, implementing its embedded software modules and the ARM transplantation of μCLinux OS; experiments proved that: the system with measurements accurate, and low power consumption, can effectively carry out vibration measurement of the engine or some mechanical equipments, which with the quite considerable auxiliary significance regarding the engine active status monitoring , the failure detection and prewarning.


It describes one or more methods and apparatus capable of holding data can be stored locally in a device for loading domain resource in the data store. Resources can be loaded on to cause a data store, or a plurality of data access operations. Means for accessing from the domain using the tracking data may depend on the data access operation of at least one. Data access operation may be configured to block the use of the device from the domain of the tracking data. Data access operations can be performed on a data repository for loading resources. When the resource is successfully loaded, the page can be presented to the user.


In the elastic-plastic theory of continuous media proposed by Klutenberg, the sistem of differential equations which governs the little vibrations of generic element of a homogeneous isotropic medium is made and the speed of propagation of both longitudinal and transversal waves are calcolated .


Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID) are characterized by the occurrence of frequent infections and are caused by many genetic defects. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only curative treatment option for the majority of PID. As a Pediatric Hematology‐Oncology‐Immunology Transplantation Unit, we wanted to present our HSCT experience regarding treatment of primary immunodeficiency diseases.


Present-day wireless communication has many limitations like bandwidth depletion, security etc. Now-a-days the research on VLC (Visible Light Communications) system is offering new possibilities in overcoming the problems associated with wireless communications system. In the present study a model has been developed for addressing the above issues via Visible Light Communications system for power line communication through an 8-bit PSoC microcontroller. The exclusive PLC chip CY8CPLC10, an 8-bit PSoC3 microcontroller, high intensity pi5 light emitting diodes (LEDs) and the LX1972 visible light sensor were used for the transmitter and receiver. The analysis done using software and hardware components have given voltage fluctuations were evaluated as a function of distance from 10-50cm and given good communication between two computers with minimum loss due to deescalating.


Career insecurity is widespread in individual career development. Career insecurity has both positive and negative effects on individual career dynamics. It has practical value to explore the influence mechanism between career insecurity and individual career dynamics for both individual career development and organizational performance. Through sorting out the relevant literature, this paper proposes two hypotheses on the influence of career insecurity on individual career dynamics. The negative impact of career insecurity on individual career motivation is mainly reflected in the reduction of organizational commitment, organizational trust, job satisfaction, employee performance, work input, innovative behavior, etc.; the positive impact of job insecurity on individual career motivation is mainly reflected in a low level of career insecurity can lead to social inertia such as absenteeism and increased escapism. this research plans the research methods and steps, laying a foundation for the next empirical study.


There are needs for both high resolution imaging and high sensitivity detection/analysis of surface chemistry on a nanometer scale. These needs can be addressed with Raman spectroscopy coupled with schemes that provide extraordinary enhancement of the Raman signal, namely surface enhanced (SERS) and tip enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS). Advances in applications of high resolution imaging and high sensitivity detection will be enabled by two specific improvements: increased signal enhancement and increased robustness of the plasmonic structures needed to achieve enhancement. Robustness and stability are especially important for those plasmonic structures made of silver that usually provide the best enhancements. Here we focus particularly on TERS, in which a plasmonic structure is placed on a scanning probe microscope tip in order to achieve high lateral resolution imaging. We have demonstrated that aluminum oxide protected silver plasmonic structures show significantly increased robustness against chemical and mechanical degradation when compared to unprotected analogues without loss of enhancement. A 2-3 nm thick coating of aluminum oxide prevents chemical attack of the underlying silver film for three months in a desiccator, significantly increasing the storage life of current probes. The same protective coating also extends the scanning life of the probe when the probe is used to image a hard patterned silicon substrate.


The degree of Pedagogy has been involved in a Pilot Plan which aims to adapt it in accordance to the EEES criteria. In this paper the different instruments designed to follow up and monitorize the process are described. It includes items refered to the development of the subject (planning, implementation and evaluation), as well as those concerning timetable and calendar.


Let n and k be integers, with n>1 and k>0 . An (n×n)/k semi‐Latin square S is an n×n array, whose entries are k‐subsets of an nk ‐set, the set of symbols of S, such that each symbol of S is in exactly one entry in each row and exactly one entry in each column of S. Semi‐Latin squares form an interesting class of combinatorial objects which are useful in the design of comparative experiments. We say that an (n×n)/k semi‐Latin square S is uniform if there is a constant μ such that any two entries of S, not in the same row or column, intersect in exactly μ symbols (in which case k=μ(n−1) ). We prove that a uniform (n×n)/k semi‐Latin square is Schur‐optimal in the class of (n×n)/k semi‐Latin squares, and so is optimal (for use as an experimental design) with respect to a very wide range of statistical optimality criteria. We give a simple construction to make an (n×n)/k semi‐Latin square S from a transitive permutation group G of degree n and order nk , and show how certain properties of S can be determined from permutation group properties of G. If G is 2‐transitive then S is uniform, and this provides us with Schur‐optimal semi‐Latin squares for many values of n and k for which optimal (n×n)/k semi‐Latin squares were previously unknown for any optimality criterion. The existence of a uniform (n×n)/((n−1)μ) semi‐Latin square for all integers μ>0 is shown to be equivalent to the existence of n−1 mutually orthogonal Latin squares (MOLS) of order n. Although there are not even two MOLS of order 6, we construct uniform, and hence Schur‐optimal, (6×6)/(5μ) semi‐Latin squares for all integers μ>1 . & 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Combin. Designs 00: 1–13, 2012


The butyl inner tube of process is discussed, the producing process introduced and the craft parameter is studied, malfunction removing is analyzed.


The present invention provides a crosslinking aid, a crosslinking aid which is containing triallyl isocyanurate (of TAIC), wherein, to maintain the existing crosslinked ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having transparency , adhesion, heat resistance, flexibility, and thereby the insulating adhesive resin composition having excellent. The crosslinking aid composition comprising a polyurethane and a poly (meth) acrylate, triallyl cyanurate.


Aim:To investigate the effects of N-acetylcysteine(NAC)on expressions of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)and interleukin-4(IL-4)in mice with bleomycin(BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis.Methods:A total of 75 C57BL/6 mice were randomly allocated into three groups.BLM group(n=25)and control group(n=25)received intratracheal instillation of BLM and normal saline,respectively.NAC group(n=25)administrated NAC once a day via esophagus 5 days before BLM treatment till sampling.On days 1,3,7,14,and 28,the right lung tissue was collected for HE and Masson staining,and left lung tissue for detecting the content of hydroxyproline(HYP).The content of IL-4 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the right lung and the NF-κB p65 expression in bronchoalveolar lavage cells were detected by ELISA and immunohistochemical SP staining.Results:On days 7,14,and 28,BLM group had excessive lung solidation and collagen sediment,which was milder in NAC group.There were significant differences in HYP contents in lung tissue on days 7,14,and 28,level of NF-κB p65 expression in the bronchoalveolar lavage cells,and concentration of IL-4 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid on days 1,3,and 7 among the 3 groups,and they were lower in NAC group than those in BLM group(P0.05).Conclusion:NAC may alleviate the pulmonary fibrosis induced by BLM through inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and reducing the produce of IL-4.


A certain level of roughness of the surface of a hip prosthesis is necessary to minimize wear on components. Smoothing of the surface roughness can be performed by the tumble finishing method. This research was aimed to figure out the effect of spindle rotary speed on the level of roughness of the test specimen surface. The test specimen was made of 316 stainless steel, which is one of the materials constituting the component of the femoral head in a hip prosthesis. The abrasive media used was acrylic type plastic with a 4-mm-diameter spherical profile. The results of this tumbling process experiment demonstrate that the effective speed at which the cover surface of the test specimen was smoothed was the spindle rotary speed of 125 rpm.


Taking zirconium glyphosate(ZrGP) as raw material and a mixture of glycol and ethanol as support material,this paper described a general process to synthetize a new type of porous material.After pushing open the layers of ZrGP by ethanol,this window-type porous compound was formed by esterification between hydroxyls on both ends of glycol and the carboxyls internal laminated panel of ZrGP accompanying with dehydration.SEM image and XRD patterns proved that the pore size distributions of the modified assembly centered at about 55 nm,which was classified as macroporous.Since the formed pore walls were builted up by inorganic skeleton and organic chain,the specific surface area of the sample was determined to 260 m2·g-1.In addition,the new macroporous material will have a great prospect in adsorption and catalysis due to the existance of coordinative groups in pores.


In this thesis,the author drew the street project as research model. The reasonable FEM model is accomplished and ANSYS software is applied in research work. Simulating the process of the shield driving,the author analyzed the stress field of different distances overlap tunnels,and gained the safety distance of overlap tunnel after reinforced stratum.


We present an automated formal verification method that can detect common pipeline control bugs of logic design components containing thousands of registers. The method models logic designs using controlled token nets. A controlled token net consists of: a token net that models the data flow in the datapath using token semantics; a control logic that models the control machines using traditional finite state semantics. We provide algorithms to: (1) extract a controlled token net from a logic design; (2) minimize the controlled token net; and (3) compute an abstract interpretation of the controlled token net for efficient model checking. We implemented and applied the method to 6 Intel logic design components containing up to 4500 registers and successfully detected 8 pre-silicon errata.


This study aims to analyze the effect of project-based assessment based on local culture on students' scientific attitudes and science process skills in science learning in elementary schools. This research is a quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent post-test-only control group design. The population in this study was 151 participants, while the sample selected through random sampling technique was 61 participants divided into two classes. The data collection methods in this research were test and non-test methods. The instruments used were scientific attitude questionnaires and performance tests, and observation sheets. A validation process measured the validity and reliability of the instrument. The data obtained were analyzed using the MANOVA test assisted by the IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0 application. The hypothesis test results show a significance value of 0.003 (Sig <0.05) so that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. Thus, it can be concluded that there are simultaneous effects in scientific attitudes and science process skills between students' learning with local culture-based Project-based Assessment and students' learning with conventional assessment applied.


The paper presents aspects of the finite element formulation of momentum and energy conserving algorithms for the non‐linear dynamic analysis of shell‐like structures. The key contribution is a detailed analysis of the implementation of a Simó–Tarnow‐type conservation scheme in a recently developed new mixed finite shell element. This continuum‐based shell element provides a well‐defined interface to strain‐driven constitutive stress updates algorithms. It is based on the classic brick‐type trilinear displacement element and is equipped with specific gradient‐type enhanced strain modes and shell‐typical assumed strain modifications. The excellent performance of the proposed dynamic shell formulation with respect to conservation properties and numerical stability behaviour is demonstrated by means of three representative numerical examples of elastodynamics which exhibit complex free motions of flexible structures undergoing large strains and large rigid‐body motions. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


A fiberoptic strain sensor is being developed that exploits the fact that the difference between the central frequency of Brillouin scattering, which is a type of back scattering that occurs in optical fibers, and the incident light frequency depends on the strain of the optical fiber. The measurement of the central frequency of the Brillouin scattering requires an estimation of the power spectrum distribution of the Brillouin scattering. An improvement in distribution estimation accuracy can potentially improve both the accuracy of central frequency measurements and the precision of strain measurements. Focusing on the problem of the power spectrum distribution of the Brillouin scattering, this paper proposes a weighted repetition least mean square algorithm. The paper also examines the stability of the proposed repetition algorithm and demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach through simulations. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 87(1): 72–80, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecja.1183


Recent research of cloud media system is focusing on handling and processing large amounts of media data according to the growth of SNS's users and the dramatically increasing development of cloud computing technologies. In these social media service environment, the development of a social media sharing system model applying enabling cloud computing techniques that effectively handles large amounts of media contents is being needed. In this paper we propose social media sharing system model based on cloud computing that stores and manages social media contents. In addition, proposed model is able to solve incomplete social media streaming service in cloud environment by adopting UPnP technique. The most important part of UPnP technique is QoSManager that guarantees QoS-based network services in heterogeneous network environments. The main role of QoSManager is to sort media devices suitable for user preferences with its priorities to users as well as to provide its result to them. Therefore, our social media sharing system model is able to offer social media service suitable for users in real time and to efficiently manage complicated social media contents.


On the base of investigation and research of car performance evaluation parameter, an evaluation system was build with the method of Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP). Inference Engine and Delphi Technique was used to research and build car performance evaluation expert system. With strong practicability, a software of Car Performance Evaluation Expert System was designed.


One of the goals of the Remote Exploration and Experimentation (REE) project at JPL is to determine how vulnerable applications are to single event upsets (SEUs) when run in low radiation space environments using commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) components.


A channel with output Y = X + S + Z is examined, The state S \sim N(0, QI) and the noise Z \sim N(0, NI) are multivariate Gaussian random variables ( I is the identity matrix.). The input X \in R^{n} satisfies the power constraint (l/n) \sum_{i=1}^{n}X_{i}^{2} \leq P . If S is unknown to both transmitter and receiver then the capacity is \frac{1}{2} \ln (1 + P/( N + Q)) nats per channel use. However, if the state S is known to the encoder, the capacity is shown to be C^{\ast} =\frac{1}{2} \ln (1 + P/N) , independent of Q . This is also the capacity of a standard Gaussian channel with signal-to-noise power ratio P/N . Therefore, the state S does not affect the capacity of the channel, even though S is unknown to the receiver. It is shown that the optimal transmitter adapts its signal to the state S rather than attempting to cancel it.


This introductory chapter first reviews the current state of the law of tort. It discusses the increase in tort claims due to our greater ability to cause more and greater harm and our reduced willingness to put up with the normal vicissitudes of life. It considers the law of individual responsibility. It suggests that tort law is becoming by the day a more complex set of rules than it ever was, where national law mixes with legal ideas emanating from foreign jurisdictions. Tort law rules are also becoming intermingled with those from other branches of English law. The second part of the chapter discusses the relationship between tort and contract.


The invention belongs to the field of feeds, and particularly relates to a six percent-premix for lactating sows and a wheat-type daily ration prepared from the six percent-premix. The premix comprises multivitamins, composite trace elements, DL-methionine, lysine, threonine, L-arginine, valine, composite electrolyte, compound enzyme, 5000 IU of phytase, functional additives, feed attractants, calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, salt, choline, antioxidants and defatted rice bran. On the whole, the daily ration for the lactating sows is capable of protecting the development of mammary glands of the sows, ensuring plentiful milk with high quality in the lactation period of the sows and increasing the survival rate of suckling piglets, and enables the piglets to have higher weaning weight.


Objective :  In India not much importance is still being given to Medical Audit & Death Audit which requires an in-depth analysis of maternal deaths with reference to the cause of death, ways in which the death could have been prevented and deficiencies in health care facilities. Methods:  Audit was conducted by Facility BMDR approach, across the various Municipal Corporation of Delhi Hospitals namely, 980 bedded Hindu Rao Hospital, 450 bedded Kasturba Hospital, 250 bedded Swamy Dayanand Hospital and 97 bedded Girdhari Lal Maternity Hospital. Results:  The total deliveries combing all hospitals was 113237 out of which 86859 were normal deliveries, 1572 deliveries were assisted forceps or vacuum deliveries and remaining 23403 patients underwent lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) . The total patients who lost life are 194. Out of 194 maternal deaths highest deaths  are found in the age group of 20 to 24 i.e 74(38.1%) and almost similar pattern in the age group between 25 to 29 is 73(37.6%) and, maximum deaths (135-69.6%) were observed amongst women who were pregnant for the first time in their life,. Haemorrhage was the major cause of maternal deaths N=61(31.4%) hypertension N=25(12.9)  and septicaemia N=24(24.4). 84(43.3%) cases were unstable at the time of admission. 72 (37.1%) cases haemoglobin percentage in blood was not documented and of the remaining only15(7.7%) had above 11 Hb%. Conclusion:  Death Audit can become a continuous evolving process to create awareness in health care facilities regarding their deficiencies and scope for improvements which unfortunately is well below par and requires standardization along with a comprehensive policy. DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i4.11237 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(4) 2015 67-75


The cost effectiveness of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (atezo‐beva) versus nivolumab treatment for advanced or unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma is still uncertain. In this study, the cost effectiveness of these treatments was assessed in the United States.


This paper is devoted to the reconstruction of the palaeoenvironment of the surroundings of the Piegu archaeological site located in Brittany (France). For the first time a full set of the onshore and offshore stratigraphical subdivisions is described following three sections. These fundamental data were remaining unpublished up to now. The Western, Eastern and Offshore sections are illustrated by many different figures. The malacological determinations developed for this study are compared with preexisting palaeontological and geochronological data. The results of the determination of the continental malacofauna have been used to restore the original palaeoenvironments prevailing in this area during the sediments deposition. The complete stratigraphic history of the site, as well as the fauna, demonstrates the existence of three glacial / interglacial cycles contemporaneous with a human occupation.


Some parts of the ultramafic bodies in the Kitakami mountainland have been metamorphosed by the granitic intrusions. The forsterite, which is presumably a metamorphic mineral, in the ultramafic rock metamorphosed by the Hitokabe granitic body at Daito-machi, Iwate Prefecture, has been studied. The chemical formula of the forsterite is determined as (Mg1.87 Fe2+0.11 Fe3+0.01 Ni0.11)2.00 Si1.00 O4.00. Chemically no difference is observed between this forsterite and the forsterite in the ordinary ultramafic rocks. Some consideration of the chemical similarity of the two types of olivines is discussed. This forsterite is probably regenerated together with talc by thermal metamorphism of a serpentine at the P-T condition corresponding to the hornblende hornfels facies.


In Reply.—
 We appreciate the interest and comments by Dr Paulson relative to our paper (Pediatrics 1985;76:562-566). In our series of 105 children injured in farm accidents, we reported one mortality (1%) and one child (1%) with major long-term disability. Follow-up ranged from 2 to 80 months based upon review of complete outpatient records in this stable rural population. Serious neurologic and physiologic sequelae were accurately recorded.
 We agree with Dr Paulson that a retrospective chart review will underestimate the number of minor disabilities including subtle neurologic, orthopedic, and pulmonary sequelae.


We characterized health-related quality of life (HRQL) utilities associated with specific ambulatory states encountered in patients with spinal metastases. Patients with spinal metastases who can maintain independent ambulatory function have a HRQL similar to patients with primary cancers and no spinal involvement. Study Design. Retrospective review of prospective longitudinal data. Objective. To determine health-related quality of life (HRQL) utilities associated with specific ambulatory states in patients with spinal metastases: independent, ambulatory with assistance, and nonambulatory. Summary of Background Data. It is assumed that HRQL is aligned with ambulatory ability in patients with spinal metastases. Few studies have effectively considered these parameters while also accounting for clinical confounders. Methods. We used prospective longitudinal data from patients treated at one of three tertiary medical centers (2017–2019). HRQL was characterized using the Euroquol-5-dimension (EQ5D) inventory. We performed standardized estimations of HRQL stratified by ambulatory state using generalized linear modeling that accounted for patient age at presentation, biologic sex, follow-up duration, operative or nonoperative management, and repeated measures within the same participant. Results. We evaluated 675 completed EQ5D assessments, with 430 for independent ambulators, 205 for ambulators with assistance, and 40 for nonambulators. The average age of the cohort was 61.5. The most common primary cancer was lung (20%), followed by breast (18%). Forty-one percent of assessments were performed for participants treated surgically. Mortality occurred in 51% of the cohort. The standardized EQ5D utility for patients with spinal metastases and independent ambulatory function was 0.76 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74, 0.78). Among those ambulatory with assistance, the standardized EQ5D utility was 0.59 (95% CI 0.57, 0.61). For nonambulators, the standardized EQ5D utility was 0.14 (95% CI 0.09, 0.19). Conclusion. Patients with spinal metastases and independent ambulatory function have an HRQL similar to patients with primary cancers and no spinal involvement. Loss of ambulatory ability leads to a 22% decrease in HRQL for ambulation with assistance and an 82% reduction among nonambulators. Given prior studies demonstrate superior maintenance of ambulatory function with surgery for spinal metastases, our results support surgical consideration to the extent that it is clinically warranted. Level of Evidence: 3


An isotope method of venography using 99mTc as pertechnetate (or MAA technetium) and a gamma camera is described. Initial results are encouraging. Good visualization of the major venous channels in the lower limbs and pelvis can easily be obtained. Venous occlusion and the formation of collaterals, particularly in the pelvis, are well shown. It appears to be possible to infer the presence of deep venous occlusion in the calf when delayed filling is seen through normal popliteal and femoral veins. The procedure is entirely painless and can easily be performed in the out‐patients' department. It avoids the pain consequent on injection of the usual radiographic contrast media and the phlebitis which may also follow their injection. It does not afford the same degree of anatomical detail but this is of minor importance if operative intervention is unlikely.


As a complement to the current human and social sciences, it is necessary, with the help of the psychoanalytic method, to create human and social sciences that are critical in the sense of offering in-depth analysis (history, anthropology, law, etc.). This article seeks to show that this attempt is both possible and has already begun. Addressing a series of concepts: the prohibition of incest, sacred, civil, gift, sacrifice, authority, alterity, recognition, reciprocity, and identity; the author, drawing on Freud's theory of drives, connects these concepts with power, will, desire, and free will, notwithstanding the distance between them. The processes and states of legitimization employed by non-critical sociology and classical anthropology, without however defining them closely, within a perspective that often remains more or less positivist, are thereby rendered visible.


Recently, non-fixed camera-based free viewpoint sports video synthesis has become very popular. Camera calibration is an indispensable step in free viewpoint video synthesis, and the calibration has to be done frame by frame for a non-fixed camera. Thus, calibration speed is of great significance in real-time application. In this paper, a fast self-calibration method for a non-fixed camera is proposed to estimate the homography matrix between a camera image and a soccer field model. As far as we know, it is the first time to propose constructing feature vectors by analyzing crossing points of field lines in both camera image and field model. Therefore, different from previous methods that evaluate all the possible homography matrices and select the best one, our proposed method only evaluates a small number of homography matrices based on the matching result of the constructed feature vectors. Experimental results show that the proposed method is much faster than other methods with only a slight loss of calibration accuracy that is negligible in final synthesized videos.


We have determined the schematic phase diagram in detail with high reliability for Fe silicides grown by solid phase epitaxy (SPE) on a Si(111)7x7 surface at wide Fe coverage (0.2-56 monolayers) and subsequent annealing temperatures from 300 to 800 deg. C. In the SPE growth, {delta}-7x7, 1x1, bcc-Fe(111)1x1, 2x2, c(8x4), 3D-2x2 ({alpha}-FeSi{sub 2}), {radical}(3)x{radical}(3)-R30 deg., {beta}-FeSi{sub 2}, and fine polycrystalline phases are formed on the Si(111) surface depending on Fe coverage and annealing temperature. We have characterized the surface periodic structures and morphologies of all the above Fe silicide phases using low-energy electron diffraction and scanning tunneling microscopy. Reflection high-energy electron diffraction also has been used to determine three-dimensional structures. Based on the overall view regarding the formations and changes of Fe silicide phases on a Si(111) surface, we discuss the growth mechanisms.


In order to investigate the influence factors affecting index and engineering properties of geotextiles under controlled environtments, different tests were conducted using both heat-bonded nonwoven and needle-punched nonwoven geotextiles, namely: apparent opening size (AOS), wide-width tensile strength, premittivity, transmissivity, and puncture resistance. The effect of humidity on the pore size og the samples was also investigated. To sheck whether the clamping system has an effect on the strength of geotextiles, over 24o tests were conduted. The presence of air bubbles in water and its effect on the permittivity and transmissivity of geotextiles were also verified. Also investigated were the effects of higher strain rate and displacement rate on the tensile strength and puncture resistancem respectively. The results indicate that decreasing humidity slightly increased the AOS; higher strain rate and the use of hydraulic clamp increased the wide-width tensile strength; using de-aired water largely improved the permittivity and transmissivity; and increasing the strain rate decreased the puncture resistance. The effects of humidity and oxygen content were more pronounced and obvious in the case of needle-punched geotextile compared to heat-bounded nonwoven geotextile.


The primary objective of this internship program is to encourage mutually beneficial relationships between industrial laboratories and academic departments of chemistry and biochemistry.


A telerobot task execution system that has been developed for space station Freedom applications is described. The modular telerobot task execution system (MOTES) provides the remote site task execution capability in a local-remote telerobotic system. The design addresses the constraints of limited computational power available at the remote site control system while providing a large range of control capabilities. The system provides supervised autonomous control, shared control, and teleoperation for a redundant manipulator. The system is capable of nominal task execution as well as monitoring and reflex motion. A command interpreter similar to one used on robotic spacecraft is used to interpret commands received from the local site. Execution utilizes multiple control modules which execute based upon command parameterization. The system controls a seven degree-of-freedom manipulator.<<ETX>>


Aim: To compare the results of B-Mode ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for the diagnosis of ovarian torsion in children. Methods: We conducted a retrospective clinical study. Patients under 18 years old referred in emergency with a suspected diagnosis of ovarian torsion and who had undergone both B-Mode ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography were included in the study. Data including age, previous medical history, duration of symptoms, physical and radiological findings, surgical findings and final diagnosis were collected. Results: Between 2007 and 2015, 18 contrast-enhanced ultrasonographies in 17 patients were analyzed and included in our study. Mean age of patients was 11.5 ± 3.6 years. Thirteen patients (72.2%) underwent surgery. Among them, we found ovarian torsion in seven patients (53.8%) and an ovarian lesion without torsion in six (46.2%). Sensitivity and specificity were respectively 42.9% and 81.8% for B-Mode ultrasound and 100% and 81.8% for contrastenhanced ultrasonography. Positive and negative predictive values were respectively 60% and 69.2% for B-Mode ultrasound and 77.8% and 100% for contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. Efficiency was 66.7% for B-Mode ultrasound and 88.9% for contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. Positive likelihood ratios were respectively 2.4 and 5.5 for B-Mode ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. Conclusion: Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography seems to be useful in the early diagnosis of ovarian torsion in children by providing arguments to rule it out and to defer surgery.


The report is a summary of three years of the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT)'s research program, which includes fifty completed projects at a cost of approximately $4,038,000. The report cover projects in management, construction, pavement design, pavement performance, bridges, and materials.


Antisera raised against the monoamines serotonin (5‐HT) and noradrenaline (NA) were employed in a study designed to provide a detailed description of the distribution, morphology, and synaptic organization of the serotoninergic and noradrenergic afferents in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of the rat. The distribution patterns of the two types of immunoreactive fibers were distinct and largely complementary to each other. NA axons were particularly concentrated in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGd), with the ventral lateral geniculate nucleus (LGv) and the intergeniculate leaflet (IGL) receiving substantially fewer fibers. In contrast, 5‐HT axons, although present throughout the LGN, were preferentially concentrated in the LGv and IGL.


AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
This study examined the feasibility of nursing falls prevention advice and factors influencing feasibility.

BACKGROUND
The frequency and seriousness of falls in hospitalised patients are underestimated, and such falls should be preventable because of the presence of professionals. A best practice-based falls prevention advice was developed to decrease the incidence of secondary falls and the incidence of primary falls in the long term and to increase the knowledge of nurses about falls prevention and the seriousness of falls.

DESIGN
A descriptive, explorative study.

METHODS
Feasibility of the advice for 30 patients was assessed 82 times (theoretically, three times per patient) by observation and by interviewing nurses, patients and their families.

RESULTS
The falls prevention advice was used in 48% of the assessments. There was a difference in use between interventions. Interventions that required more knowledge, communication and extra activities were implemented the least. The absence of materials and knowledge about falls prevention were important determinants of the non-implementation of certain interventions.

CONCLUSION
Before falls prevention advice is implemented, it is important to educate nurses about falls, communication skills and implementation of the advice.

RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE
The falls prevention advice might help nurses to prevent falls and increase their knowledge about falls prevention.


Re-imagining the geotourism experience through the lens of slow tourism, in this paper we lay out a pathway towards a more nourishing, engaging, and educational experience that contributes to both geoconservation and a reshaping of the tourism economy in light of recent disruption caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. Evidence suggests that to date, and further highlighted by unfolding local and global responses to the pandemic, mainstream approaches to conservation, protection, and tourism have poorly served our unique geoheritage landscapes and features. We demonstrate the potential for community led development utilising internationally recognised practises to provide a foundation for low impact and sustainable tourism, education, and training opportunities of benefit to local, regional, and national communities. We identify the eastern Coromandel, including Kuaotunu Peninsula, as an area for potential research and identification of sites with high geological, environmental, and cultural values. A geotrail has the potential to tell the story of formation of rhyolitic caldera walls enclosing translucent azure waters framed by white silica sands. Cultural sites are a landscape record giving voice to indigenous Māori that began the human story of adapting to and modifying the landscape. Our premise is that a geotrail offers a more sophisticated experience by weaving together conservation stories, science communication, indigenous history, and local lore. Our goal is to develop a physical and virtual geotrail, complemented by learning and promotional media highlighting the layers of natural and human history, building on a foundation of already published scientific, social, and historical research. Global disruption caused by the current pandemic gives us cause to reflect and consider management of a growing tourism footprint and economic reliance on singular landscapes. We recognise this as an opportunity to reassess a tourism model based on a high-volume of short stay visits to iconic sites.


High-power (≧200-mW) diffraction-limited beam operation is obtained from two novel types of ten-element device: (1) evanescently coupled interferometric arrays that operate solely in the out-of-phase mode; (2) leaky-wave-coupled arrays of closely spaced antiguides. Results and principles of operation are discussed.


This article contains a statistical analysis of the efficiency of decorative oak veneer according to diameter classes, species and geographical origin. Specific validation tests of statistic model were applied and the indicators of central tendency, variation and distribution shape of veneer and special veneer efficiency were determined. Referring to experimental data, it was performed a comparative analysis of veneer efficiency in relation to categories of origin and species. The resulting analysis could provide substantial economical improvements for decorative oak veneer.


Progress in propagation of milkfish has been impeded by the shortage of mature broodstock. This study was a first step toward revealing the environmental cues for the maturation of milkfish. Experiments were carried out during 1978-1985 in an indoor tank (5.2 × 4.8 × 13 m) under photoperiod control and in an outdoor tank (63 × 5.4 × 13 m). In two controlled, long-photoperiod regime experiments, 86 and 83% of the fish matured, the highest percentages yet reported. In these experiments, milkfish matured one month earlier than the normal spawning season, two months after the fish were exposed to the long daylight regime. Only 21% of the fish under a natural photoperiod regime in the outdoor tank matured. Results of the current study suggest that a change and increase in photoperiod are necessary for the onset of maturation.


. The European Spallation Source will have bi-spectral moderators using water at 300K and liquid H 2 at 20K. Heat pipes made of aluminium as structural materials and using liquid hydrogen at 15K were successfully tested for synchrotron at very low power. Based on this experiment, this paper presents a neutronic simulation and a thermal calculation to compare such heat pipes with the performances required for ESS cold moderator. Intrinsic limits of liquid H 2 heat pipes are also discussed.


Considering that most asphalt concrete pavement distresses are fracture-related, evaluating and quantifying mix fracture properties is essential to improved pavement design. Therefore, the first step of the study, a pre-development phase, determines the optimal value for adding waste aluminum scrap powder (WASP) with a fraction size of 2.36-0.075 mm to mixes. Based on previous digital image analysis (DIA), AlDoz and AlNibaa'e aggregates were selected from seven central, northern, and southern Iraq sources. The second post-development phase studies the testing factors of a reliable and practical semi-circular bending (SCB) test for assessing asphalt concrete mixture fracture properties at intermediate service temperatures. The development and calibration of the Marshall System into the SCB-Tester, which switched from analog to digital and computerized control, accurately predicted reference and modified mix fracture characteristics at 50.8 mm/min. Three notch lengths (25, 32, and 38) mm were selected to be studied. Five percentages of WASP (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5) percent were added by weight to the entire mix and compared to the reference mixture. Results indicate that 1.5% WASP decreases fracture severity and stiffen AlNibaa'e and AlDoz mixes. Increased fracture strength and toughness of modified mixes relative to the reference may dramatically increase asphalt concrete fracture resistance. Even though a higher evaluation for AlNibaa'e mixes than AlDoz with an expected difference, the impact of modifying appears to be an effective influence for AlDoz mixes with determination factors (R2) of 0.9788 and 0.9889 than that of AlNibaa'e modified coarse and fine mixes, which have R2 of 0.8535 and 0.8461, respectively.


Recent system design trends suggest multicore architecture for all computing platforms including distributed and embedded systems running real-time applications. Multilevel caches in a multicore system pose serious challenges as cache requires huge amount of energy to be operated and cache increases unpredictability due to its dynamic behavior. Bandwidth and synchronization problems are also critical design factors for distributed and embedded systems. In this work, we propose a "miss table" based cache memory organization which is very effective for real-time distributed and embedded systems. Cache-level miss table holds information about the memory blocks that cause most level-1 cache (CL1) misses under normal execution. Proposed cache organization also includes private victim caches (VCs) to hold level-1 victim blocks and shared level-2 cache (CL2) to help synchronization. Proposed cache organization improves CL1 cache hits that decrease memory latency and total power consumption and improve predictability and bandwidth. We simulate an 4-core system with two-level caches using MPEG4, H.264/AVC, FFT, MI, and DFT workload. Experimental results show that the proposed miss table based cache organization helps reduce average memory latency and total power consumption by 31% and 38%, respectively, when compared with cache organization without miss table and victim caches.


The control and thus sensing of radiation from three-dimens ional noise sources has become a topic of strong interest as investigation moves away from the laboratory. F urthermore, the advance in signal processing power has facilitated the real-time fusion of a large number of sensor signals, which are typically required to give an accurate estimate of global error signals. Current s tate-of-the-art designs have typically been based upon a BEM or FEA analysis, which are as complicated as the str ucture under investigation. However, the exact nature of a global set of acoustic orthogonal patterns and their practical measurement from large threedimensional sources remains elusive. In this work we examin e the spherical vibration modes of sphere(s) as a basis function for describing orthogonal radiation pat terns with respect to radiated sound power. The spherical harmonics form an orthogonal set of vibration pat terns on the surface of the sphere, which we show can be used to formulate a set of orthogonal (to sound power ra diation) sound pressure patterns. The novel work contained in this paper has two aspects; a development o f or hogonal radiation patterns based on more than one sphere; and a development based on spheres in both th e acoustic free field and a half-space. The results have implications in the area of acoustic modelling a d also in the area of sensing system design for active noise control.


Film multi-layer thermo-formable comprising successively: a protective layer (A), does a transparent layer (B) comprising (the total weight 100%) 0 to 100% of a fluoropolymer (B1) and 100 to 0% of a polymer (B2) essentially consisting of units (meth) acrylate, does a layer (C) based polyamide with amine terminal, does a layer (D) consisting of a polyolefin functionalized by an unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride, does a bonding layer (E) polyolefin.


Acknowledgements.1. Introduction.1.1 Who this book is for.1.2 Why base this book on MATLAB?1.3 A brief review of the CIE system of colorimetry.2. Linear Algebra for Beginners.2.1 Some basic definitions.2.2 Solving systems of simultaneous equations.2.3 Transposes and inverses.2.4 Linear and non-linear transforms.3. A Short Introduction to MATLAB.3.1 Matrix operations.3.2 Computing the transpose and inverse of matrices.3.3 M-files.3.4 Using functions in MATLAB.4. Computing CIE Tristimulus Values.4.1 Introduction.4.2 Standard colour-matching functions.4.3 Interpolation methods.4.4 Extrapolation methods.4.5 Tables of weights.4.6 Correction for spectral bandpass.4.7 Chromaticity diagrams.4.8 Implementation and examples.4.8.1 Spectral bandpass correction.4.8.2 Reflectance interpolation.4.8.3 Computing tristimulus values.4.8.4 Plotting the spectral locus.5. Computing Colour Difference.5.1 Introduction.5.2 CIELAB and CIELUV colour space.5.3 CIELAB colour difference.5.4 Optimized colour-difference formulae.5.4.1 CMC(l:c).5.4.2 CIE126.96.36.199 CIEDE2000.5.5 Implementations and examples.5.5.1 Computing CIELAB and CIELUV coordinates.5.5.2 Computing colour difference.6. Chromatic-adaptation Transforms and Colour Appearance.6.1 Introduction.6.2 CATs.6.2.1 CIECAT220.127.116.11 CMCCAT220.127.116.11 CMCCAT2000.6.3 CAMs.6.3.1 CIECAM97s.6.3.2 CMCCAM2000.6.4 Implementations and examples.6.4.1 CATs.6.4.2 Computing colour appearance.7. Characterization of Computer Displays.7.1 Introduction.7.2 Gamma.7.3 The GOG model.7.4 Device-independent transformation.7.5 Typical characterization procedure.7.6 Implementations and examples.8. Characterization of Cameras.8.1 Introduction.8.2 Correction for non-linearity.8.3 Device-independent representation.8.4 Implementations and examples.9. Characterization of Printers.9.1 Introduction.9.2 Physical models.9.3 Neural networks.9.4 Characterization of half-tone printers.9.4.1 Correction for non-linearity.9.4.2 Device-independent representation.9.4.3 The Kubelka-Munk model.9.5 Implementations and examples.9.5.1 Half-tone printer.9.5.2 Continuous-tone printer.10. Multispectral Imaging.10.1 Introduction.10.2 Computational colour constancy and linear models.10.3 Surface and illuminant estimation algorithms.10.4 Techniques for multispectral imaging.10.4.1 The Hardeberg method.10.4.2 The Imai and Berns method.10.4.3 Methods based on maximum smoothness.10.5 Implementations and examples.10.5.1 Deriving a set of basis functions.10.5.2 Representation of reflectance spectra in a linear model.10.5.3 Estimation of reflectance spectra from tristimulus values.10.5.4 Estimation of reflectance spectra from camera responses.10.5.5 Fourier operations on reflectance spectra.11. Colour Toolbox.11.1 cband.m (Box 1).11.2 pinterp.m (Box 2).11.3 r2xyz.m (Box 3).11.4 plocus.m (Box 4).11.5 xyz2lab.m (Box 5).11.6 lab2xyz.m (Box 6).11.7 xyz2luv.m (Box 7).11.8 car2pol.m (Box 8).11.9 pol2car (Box 9).11.10 cielabde.m (Box 10).11.11 dhpolarity (Box 11).11.12 cmcde.m (Box 12).11.13 cie94de.m (Box 13).11.14 cie00de.m (Box 14).11.15 cmccat97.m (Box 15).11.16 cmccat00.m (Box 16).11.17 ciecam97s.m (Box 17).11.18 gogtest.m (Box 18).11.19 compgog.m (Box 19).11.20 rgb2xyz.m (Box 20).11.21 xyz2rgb.m (Box 21).11.22 compigog (Box 22).11.23 getlincam.m (Box 23).11.24 lincam (Box 24).11.25 gettrc (Box 25).11.26 r2xyz (Box 26).References.Index.


This article examines the restrictions on internet access in Cuba and asks to what extent the lack of access to the World Wide Web has helped to maintain (with some evident changes), the socialist status quo on the island. The article will also examine how the internet is used to represent the nation externally and ultimately argues that the Cuban government is negotiating a fine line between taking full economic advantage of what the internet can offer and hampering its use as a mechanism for the subversion of the Revolution in the face of continued US aggression.


A novel modelling of active environment perception is proposed in this paper. This approach is based on a specific formalization of active perception, expressed in terms of interactions between environment and sensors. In our work, a synchronization property of active perception is identified, and exploited in theoretical characterization of this problem. The regulation of nondeterministic behavior, the description in terms of automata, and the direct connection with the state-space, represent the main advantages of our approach, which has even some great implications in modelling-checking field, process-algebra theory, and soft-computation techniques. The expressiveness of this formalization, and the generality of the proposed approach, make this modelling suitable in theoretical characterizations, and applications: thus representing an improvement of the actual best practices of this domain