Accurately forecasting the losses in high-frequency magnetic materials is a significant challenge when optimizing the design of high-frequency (HF) magnetic components. Existing models do not adequately consider the intricate interactions among geometry, and temperature factors, which have distinct and substantial impacts on core losses. A new method is introduced, which utilizes a Deep Neural Network (DNN) model to construct parameterized models for high-frequency magnetic core loss based on measurement data. The DNN employs the Gaussian Error Linear Unit (GELU) activation function and Huber loss function, and its performance is compared to that of a conventional Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) activation and Mean Squared Error (MSE) loss function. The proposed DNN demonstrates significantly higher accuracy and improved robustness.


A new type of the spin polarized solid proton target has been constructed which can be operated under a low magnetic field of 0.08 T and a high temperature of 100 K. First polarization asymmetry measurement with an unstable beam of 6He with an energy of 71 MeV/u has been successfully carried out.


It is clear that the nominal rates of return on convertible securities are substantially below those of equivalent-risk nonconvertibles. This fact, however, does not necessarily support Knutson's key assertion that "these nominal rates are an inadequate measure of the real cost of convertible securities to the firm." Knutson has developed his paper and provided support for the above assertion, on the basis of two fundamental points: value and cost of convertible securities. He states that the value of a convertible is derived from the nominal rate plus a pro-rata share of current earnings retained by the firm. It is true that the market value of convertibles is not determined solely by the nominal rate of return. This rate assists in providing a floor, but on the upside the marked price of common stock is the determining factor inasmuch as the market price of convertibles moves in line with the common stock. Consequently, we may agree that the market value of convertibles is influenced by present and expected future earnings in the same way that common stock is influenced. However, this does not mean that the value is dependent upon a share in current retained earnings (Knutson does not specify why only current earnings should be included) unless we believe that common stock prices are dependent upon retained earnings. Knutson states: "To the extent that earnings so retained are ever paid out in future periods, such payout would ordinarily raise the total payout so high as to trigger conversion except in highly atypical circumstances." He failed to consider the fact that unless the market price exceeds the conversion price, the convertibles will not be converted. That is, they will not be converted if we assume rational behavior, because conversion would


Preface. List of Authors. List of Abbreviations. 1 Structure, Properties, and Preparation Of Boronic Acid Derivatives. Overview of Their Reactions and Applications (D. G. Hall). 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 Structure and Properties of Boronic Acid Derivatives. 1.3 Synthesis of Boronic Acids and their Esters. 1.4 Isolation and Characterization. 1.5 Overview of the Reactions of Boronic Acid Derivatives. 1.6 Overview of other Applications of Boronic Acid Derivatives. 1.7 References. 2 Metal-catalyzed Borylation of Alkanes and Arenes via C-H Activation for Synthesis of Boronic Esters (T. Ishiyama and N. Miyaura). 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Borylation of Aromatic Halides and Trif lates. 2.3 Aliphatic C-H Borylation. 2.4 Aromatic C-H Borylation. 2.5 Benzylic C-H Borylation. 2.6 References. 3 Coupling Reactions of Areneboronic Acids or Esters with Aromatic Electrophiles (A. Suzuki). 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Coupling Reactions of Areneboronic Acid Derivatives. 3.3 Conclusion. 3.4 References. 4 Rhodium-catalyzed Additions of Boronic Acids to Alkenes and Carbonyl Compounds (K. Yoshida and T. Hayashi). 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Addition of Organoboronic Acids to a,a-Unsaturated Ketones. 4.3 Mechanism. 4.4 Addition of Organoboronic Acids to Other Alkenes. 4.5 Addition of Organoboronic Acids to Alkynes. 4.6 Addition of Organoboronic Acids to Aldehydes and Imines. 4.7 Addition of Organoboronic Acids to Anhydrides. 4.8 Outlook. 4.9 References. 5 Recent Advances in Copper-promoted C-Heteroatom Bond Cross-coupling Reactions with Boronic Acids and Derivatives (D. M. T. Chan and P. Y. S. Lam). 5.1 General Introduction. 5.2 Copper-mediated Boronic Acid C-O and C-N Cross-coupling - Historical Background. 5.3 C(aryl)-O Cross-coupling. 5.4 C-N Cross-coupling. 5.5 C-O vs. C-N Cross-couplings. 5.6 C-N and C-O Cross-coupling with Alkenylboronic Acids. 5.7 C-S Cross-coupling. 5.8 C-N and C-O Cross-coupling with Boronic Acid Derivatives. 5.9 Mechanistic Considerations. 5.10 Other Organometalloids. 5.11 Conclusion. 5.12 Appendix. 5.13 References. 6 Recent Advances in the Preparation of Allylboronates and Their Use in Tandem Reactions with Carbonyl Compounds (J. W. J. Kennedy and D. G. Hall). 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Preparation of Allylboronates. 6.3 Reactions of Allylboronates. 6.4 Applications of Allylboronates in Tandem Reactions with Carbonyl Compounds. 6.5 Conclusion. 6.6 References. 7 Nucleophilic Addition Reactions of Aryl and Alkenylboronic Acids and Their Derivatives to Imines and Iminium Ions (R. A. Batey). 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Petasis Borono-Mannich Reaction: Iminium Ions Lacking Neighboring Heteroatom Functionality. 7.3 Practicality, Scope and Reaction Mechanism. 7.4 Petasis Borono-Mannich Reaction: Iminium Ions Possessing Neighboring Heteroatom Functionality. 7.5 Polymer-supported Petasis Borono-Mannich Reactions. 7.6 Other Types of Addition Reactions. 7.7 Concluding Remarks. 7.8 References. 8 (a-Haloalkyl)boronic Esters in Asymmetric Synthesis (D. S. Matteson). 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 General Description of (a-Haloalkyl)boronic Ester Chemistry. 8.3 Boronic Ester Intermediates in Synthesis. 8.4 Other Aspects of (a-Chloroalkyl)boronic Ester Chemistry. 8.5 Conclusion. 8.6 References. 9 Cycloadditions and Other Additions to Alkenyl-, Alkynyl- and Dienyl Boronic Esters (B. Carboni and F. Carreaux). 9.1 Ionic Addition. 9.2 Radical Additions. 9.3 Cycloaddition Reactions. 9.4 Metathesis Reactions. 9.5 Miscellaneous Reactions. 9.6 Conclusions. 9.7 References. 10 Organoboronic Acids and Organoborinic Acids as Bronsted-Lewis Acid Catalysts in Organic Synthesis (K. Ishihara). 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 Diarylborinic Acids. 10.3 Arylboronic Acids. 10.4 Chiral Boronate Lewis Acids. 10.5 Conclusions. 10.6 References. 11 Oxazaborolidines as Asymmetric Inducers for the Reduction of Ketones and Ketimines (B. T. Cho). 11.1 Introduction. 11.2 Oxazaborolidines. 11.3 Oxazaborolidine-catalyzed Asymmetric Reduction of Ketones. 11.4 Asymmetric Reduction of Prochiral Ketimines. 11.5 Summary and Conclusions. 11.6 References. 12 Boronic Acid-based Receptors and Sensors for Saccharides (T. D. James). 12.1 Introduction. 12.2 Fluorescence. 12.3 Colorimetric Sensors. 12.4 Electrochemical Sensors. 12.5 Assay Systems. 12.6 Polymer and Surface Bound Sensors. 12.7 Conclusions. 12.8 References. 13 Biological and Medicinal Applications of Boronic Acids (W. Yang, X. Gao, and B. Wang). 13.1 Introduction. 13.2 Boronic Acid Compounds as Enzyme Inhibitors. 13.3 Boronic Acid Compounds as Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) Agents. 13.4 Boronic Acid Compounds as Drug (Insulin) Delivery Devices and for In Vivo Glucose Imaging. 13.5 Cell Surface Carbohydrate Recognition by Artificial Lectins - Boronolectins. 13.6 Conclusions. 13.7 References.


Through numerical simulations, we demonstrate roll control of planing vessels using optimal feedback control of an inertial mass that is free to move laterally within the hull. This is accomplished by developing a five degree of freedom (5DOF) maneuver model for prismatic planing vessel equipped with an active control mass actuator. Methods include interpolation of test data, empirical, and Lagrangian approaches. A Linear Quadratic Regulator is applied to the model and performance is compared against rudder roll stabilization methods. The results as shown in linear analysis and nonlinear time domain simulation indicate that a mass weighing 10% of vessel weight can achieve a disturbance rejection of greater than 10 dB over rudder stabilization methods and eliminates the undesirable non-minimum phase behavior characteristic of rudder systems. Due to the roll yaw force coupling of planing vessels, such inertial mass methods can be utilized to meet both seakeeping and maneuver objectives and eliminate the need for external fin type control mechanisms such as a rudder.


Objective: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) increase significantly until around 55 years, when SBP increases, DBP decreases. Whether the rates of change of SBP and DBP with age exhibit a similar dissociation has never been investigated. Design and participants: D.E.S.I.R., a 9-year longitudinal study included 2,278 men and 2,314 women, 30-65 years and SBP, DBP, and other cardio-metabolic risk factors were determined every three years. Results: Both SBP and DBP increased with age, more rapidly in women than in men. SBP and DBP were higher in the presence of risk factors (except smoking) but the increases with age were similar. For the rates of change , whereas ∆ SBP increased linearly with age, ∆ DBP declined as early as 45 years. This finding was not influenced by gender, menopause or other risk factors but was significantly attenuated in the presence of hypertension at baseline, whether treated or not, and mainly in men. Conclusions: DBP increases with age between 30 and 60 years, ∆ DBP tends to be markedly reduced as early as 45 years, in contrast with ∆ SBP. Consequences for the understanding of vascular aging and antihypertensive therapy remain to be explored.


Efficient high-speed on/off valves are a critical technology for enabling digital control of hydraulic systems via pulse-width-modulation (PWM). High-speed valves, when used in virtually variable displacement pumps (VVDP), increase system bandwidth and reduce output pressure ripple by enabling higher PWM frequencies. Our approach to achieving high speed and large flow area with low actuation power is a unidirectional rotary valve designed specifically for PWM. In comparison to conventional valves, the rotary valve reduces valve actuation power from a cubic dependence on PWM frequency to a square dependence by eliminating motion reversals during transition. This paper presents experimental data that validates the rotary valve concept, valve design equations, and dynamic model of a rotary valve based VVDP. Our unoptimized prototype exhibits 65 % efficiency at 50 % displacement and 15 Hz PWM frequency while the validated model projects that an optimized valve is capable of achieving 85 % efficiency at 15 Hz and 73 % at 75 Hz.Copyright © 2009 by ASME


Highly conserved intraflagellar transport (IFT) trains and certain small GTPases coordinate to direct ciliation and to maintain the ciliary dynamics of signaling molecules via the IFT cargo adaptor BBSome. Unlike murine Rab-like 2 (RABL2) GTPase that enters cilia to drive outward transition zone (TZ) passage of the BBSome, human orthologue fails to enter cilia but resides at the ciliary base, indispensable for ciliation. However, mechanisms underlying how RABL2 regulates ciliation and BBSome barrier passage remain elusive. Here, we show that Chlamydomonas RABL2 regulates basal body targeting of the IFT-B1 subcomplex component of IFT trains as a RABL2-specific effector, mediating ciliation via controlling IFT-B1 basal body amount available for assembling anterograde IFT trains. RABL2GTP binds IFT-B1 to perform IFT; sheds from retrograde IFT trains at the proximal ciliary region right above the TZ; and converts to RABL2GDP rapidly. Next, RABL2GDP activates the ciliary membrane anchored Arf-like 3 (ARL3) GTPase (ARL3GDP) as a ARL3-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor. Upon detaching from the ciliary membrane, the active ARL3GTP recruits its BBSome effector, autonomous of retrograde IFT train association, to move cross the TZ for ciliary retrieval. This ensures proper BBSome ciliary turnover for maintaining phototactic response of Chlamydomonas cells. For finishing RABL2 ciliary cycle, RABL2GDP passes the TZ for ciliary retrieval by loading onto the ARL3GTP/BBSome as a BBSome cargo. Our data thus propose that RABL2 mediates ciliation and BBSome ciliary retrieval simultaneously but via distinct molecular pathways. Significance statement Intraflagellar transport (IFT) and its cargo adaptor BBSome are indispensable for ciliation and ciliary singling. Rab-like 2 (RABL2) GTPase mediates ciliation and outward transition zone (TZ) passage of BBSomes with mechanisms yet to be determined. Here, we report that RABL2 decides ciliation by controlling the basal body amount of its effector IFT-B1 available for the assembly of anterograde IFT trains. RABL2GTP cycles through cilia as an IFT-B1 cargo; sheds from IFT at the ciliary base; and undergoes nucleotide exchange for activating ARL3 as an ARL3-specfic guanine nucleotide exchange factor. ARLGTP recruits IFT-shed BBSomes to pass the TZ for ciliary retrieval. RABL2GDP exists cilia via ARL3GTP/BBSome as a BBSome cargo. Therefore, RABL2 functions both outside and inside cilia for initiating IFT and BBSome ciliary retrieval, respectively.


Amadon, D., and Short, L. L. (Ametican Museum of Natural History, New York, New York 10024) 1976. Treatment of subspecies approaching species status. Syst. Zool. 25:161167.-Speciation phenomena are discussed with special consideration of those taxa that are near the species-level borderline. Such forms, when judged to represent full species, have been termed "allospecies," and are designated by use of brackets (Amadon, 1966). There is a need to designate and treat the complementary phenomenon, namely those well-marked forms approaching the level of species, but nonetheless judged to be conspecific. To fill this void we suggest employment of parentheses to designate these latter forms, and we offer "megasubspecies" as a term for them. For example, one can treat the Savannah Sparrow, Passerculus (sandwichensis) sandwichensis, citing its various minor subspecies in the usual way, and, as a megasubspecies, the "Ipwich Sparrow," Passerculus (sandwichensis) princeps, a distinctive isolate that often is considered a separate species. Other examples are provided to illustrate the use of parentheses for megasubspecies as an adjunct to the use of brackets for designating allospecies of superspecies. It is hoped that the use of parentheses for megasubspecies will prove as useful in preparing checklists, in zoogeographical analyses, and in other ways as are brackets for designating allospecies. [Speciation; Megasubspecies; Intraspecific taxa; Superspecies.] When a species becomes divided into more or less isolated sub-populations, the latter initially vary genetically because of differences in the original founding individuals (founder principle, Mayr, 1954:169170). Subsequently, differentiation will continue at varying rates so long as these populations remain more or less isolated geographically. In determining whether the more distinct among the hundreds of such isolates have crossed the barrier separating subspecies from species, the systematist is confronted with a paradox, for although species thus evolve in isolation, it is as a rule only through the loss of this isolation that proof of their status is forthcoming. The crucial question is-would such former isolates maintain their genetic integrity and coexist with their nearest allies if they become parapatric or sympatric? In any event, the taxonomist is faced with the task of evaluating numerous taxa that are still geographically isolated-are these species or subspecies? He brings to bear on this problem every shred of evidence (often circumstantial) available from the taxa in question, and from related species, aware that it is as great an error to reduce to subspecies those taxa that have attained the species level, as it is to elevate subspecies' to the level of species. When study of two or more complementary, allopatric taxa results in the judgment that they have attained species status, 'We take it for granted that formally named subspecies are a useful taxon that will continue to be employed. This is not the place to argue the point, but a few comments are in order. Since many, some would say all or most, species of sexually reproducing organisms originate by the accumulation of genetic differences in isolated populations, it is necessary to call attention to such populations once they have become so distinct as to represent a unique ensemble of characters, morphological or physiological, or both. When these populations must be considered in large numbers, as by those studying geographical centers of origin, or parallel adaptations correlated with climate or vegetation, -for example, there is no more convenient way of doing so than by named subspecies. Trinomials so used have the great advantage of being couched, like the Linnaean system generally, in a "dead" language that until now has been spared the vagaries of an increasingly fragmented and chauvinistic world; that is, they have universal currency. Those who by inclination or by the nature of their researches have no need for the use of formal subspecies ought not to judge them useless for those who do find them useful.


The integration of underground single structure and retaining structure is a new type of foundation pit support, and its working performance needs to be further studied. The physical model test was carried out on the diaphragm wall structure of "two walls in one" in this paper. The soil settlement and the earth pressure of the outside of the foundation pit and the stress of the integrated supporting structure were analyzed when the excavation depth is different. The analysis showed that the settlement of soil behind the wall gradually increased with the increase of excavation depth of the foundation pit. when it was 1H e away from the diaphragm wall, the maximum of soil settlement occurred, which was 0.08%H e (H e is the maximum excavation depth). With the increase of excavation depth, the state changed from static to active. Under the same condition, the bending moment of the wall increased first and then decreased with the depth. The reverse bending point is near 1.23H e .


Abstract The radical copolymerization of N-[(3-Dimethylamino)-propyl] acrylamide (DMAPAA) or N-[(3-Dimethylamino)-propyl] methacrylamide (DMAPMA) with methyl acrylate (MA) or methyl methacrylate (MMA) was carried out in benzene using 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator at 60°C. The copolymer compositions were estimated by elemental microanalysis and the monomer reactivity ratios were determined by Fineman-Ross, Mayo-Lewis, and Kelen-Tudos methods, respectively. The ratios calculated by Kelen-Tudos method were found as follows: r1=0.69 and r2=0.22 for MA/DMAPAA system, r1=0.48 and r2=0.63 for MA/DMAPMA system, r1=1.68 and r2=0.38 for MMA/DMAPAA system, r1=1.36 and r2=0.31 for MA/DMAPMA system, respectively. The Q and e values of DMAPAA, DMAPMA were also calculated by using the Alfrey-Price equation.


ABSTRACT: A survey was conducted in various districts of the Kashmir valley in India to assess the diversity of thrips species on apple in summer during the year 2016-17. Samples of flower clusters containing thrips were collected from apple, and the thrips identified to species. The results revealed that only one species of thrips, Thrips carthami Shumsher, was associated with apple. Information on the taxonomy and distribution is provided.


The history of early childhood education is woven with inaccuracies in popular textbooks and biographies, common erroneous beliefs in the field, fantasies about the nature of the family in the late 1800s, and egregious prevarication--deliberately misleading statements in the field. For example, many fallacious beliefs are held concerning the nature of the Froebel kindergarten, Froebel's training, and the founding of the field of Home Economics. The perpetuation of these fallacious beliefs is sometimes due to inadequate research on the history of early childhood education. Examples of fantasies regarding families include kindergarten advocates' belief that they could transform families and communities through the music and games of their young children. Examples of deliberate misleading statements from the history of early childhood education include accounts of Froebel's deathbed statements and recent biographies of Bruno Bettelheim. Egregious prevarication is used as strategy for individual glorification and as an organizational tactic to bond group members together. The case of Elizabeth Peabody's introduction to Froebel's ideas and the origins of the Froebel kindergarten in the United States are fraught with such fantasies, fallacies, and egregious prevarications. Katharyn Whiteside Taylor's claim of opposition to parent cooperative nursery schools illustrates the use of egregious prevarication as an organizational tactic. The founding of the first parent-initiative cooperative nursery school is also an early education milestone surrounded by faulty beliefs. (Contains 57 references.) (Ks) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************************** U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) )4( This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. 00 Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. Fallacies, Phantasies, and Egregious Prevarications


Women's use of hookup narratives was examined through their understanding of hookup culture and the benefits and consequences of conversations with their female friends. The traditional sexual script has dictated that women are not supposed to engage in uncommitted sexual relationships; if they so engage, they should not talk about them. Today, however, some women are choosing to take part in the college hookup culture and talk to their friends about their experiences. The purpose of the present study was to understand why women talk to their friends about their hookups and if it transcends the traditional sexual script for these women. Ten college women who had discussed a hookup in college with their female friends were interviewed individually to get an understanding of how each woman constructed her understanding of these conversations and their impact on their friendships. Nine of the interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis and one with narrative analysis. The five major themes that were identified in the thematic analysis were social position and appearance, entertainment, communicating friendship, social pressures, and freedom. The narrative analysis was used to analyze the story of a woman who is still a virgin, and included themes of pressure and personal growth. These findings shed light on the changing sexual scripts for women and the impact of hookup culture on female friendships in college.


Underrepresentation and misrepresentation of protected groups in the training data is a significant source of bias for Machine Learning (ML) algorithms, resulting in decreased confidence and trustworthiness of the generated ML models. Such bias can be mitigated by incorporating both objective as well as subjective (through human users) measures of bias, and compensating for them by means of a suitable selection algorithm over subgroups of training data. In this paper, we propose a methodology of integrating bias detection and mitigation strategies through interactive visualization of machine learning models in selected protected spaces. In this approach, a (partially generated) ML model performance is visualized and evaluated by a human user or a community of human users in terms of potential presence of bias using both objective and subjective criteria. Guided by such human feedback, the ML algorithm can implement a variety of remedial sampling strategies to mitigate the bias using an iterative human-in-the-loop approach. We also provide experimental results with a benchmark ML dataset to demonstrate that such an interactive ML approach holds considerable promise in detecting and mitigating bias in ML models.


The presence of dentition defects and the choice of modern methods of restoring their integrity remains a topical issue in domestic and foreign dentistry. On the other hand, much attention is paid to imaging methods for examination of secondary defects of teeth, dentition, which are widely used to clarify the diagnosis, determine the plan and prognosis of treatment. The purpose of our research was to continue the study of the structural characteristics of small defects of the dentition in adults of Kharkiv based on the results of the analysis of X-ray examination. Material and methods. Orthopantomograms of 1269 patients (aged from 18 to 84 years) were analyzed, and X-rays were performed on a fifth-generation Dental Computed Tomography Vereviewepocs 3D R100 (Morita, Japan) between May 2017 and May 2019. The primary material was divided into 12 age groups according to the age of the patients, taking into account the WHO recommendation (1988). The analysis of the structure of small dentition defects in Kharkiv residents was carried out depending on such characteristics of dentition defects as the presence of included (limited) defects or final (unlimited) defects and their simultaneous presence in the patient. Results and discussion. The analysis of orthopantomograms of 1269 people revealed that the number of final small defects of the dentition was 4.29 times less with such limited defects (respectively 18.88% and 81.12%, p <0.05). On the basis of gender, statistical significance in the distribution between limited and unrestricted small dentition defects was generally not found (p> 0.05), but in the vast majority of cases, women who had these variants of defects were still more than men. We also noted that if the prevalence of included small defects of dentition became maximum at the age of 35 to 39 years, the final defects reached such a level only in old age, which may be associated with an increase in the number of teeth that are already contraindicated for conservative endodontic treatment and they were subject to removal. The results of this study coincided with the general trends in the development and structure of small defects of the dentition in the population of different regions of Ukraine. Conclusion. The obtained data can be a theoretical basis for the organization of orthopedic care and the choice of adequate to modern requirements methods of treatment of dental patients, especially young people, with the presence of small defects of the dentition


We devise a new class of microporous materials termed porous organic frameworks for selective xenon capture from the pore-chemistry perspective. PAF-45S is target-synthesized with small pores of ∼5.2 A whose pore surface is engineered with sulfonate groups by a post-modification method. Adsorption measurements demonstrate that PAF-45S possesses a higher xenon uptake (41.5 cm3 g−1) than krypton uptake (12.2 cm3 g−1) at 101 kPa and 298 K. Henry's law predicts that a selectivity of 16.7 for Xe over Kr is expected. Experimental and simulation studies show that xenon is more strongly adsorbed on PAF-45S than krypton, evidenced by a higher heat of xenon adsorption (31 and 19 kJ mol−1 for Xe and Kr respectively) and larger binding energy (−9.54 and −6.98 kJ mol−1 for Xe and Kr). The selective adsorption of PAF-45S for xenon results from the synergistic contributions of small pore size and sulfonic functionality by an optimization of the interaction between xenon molecules and the PAF-45S framework. Furthermore, actual Xe/Kr separations are mimicked by breakthrough measurements using a ternary gas mixture of Xe, Kr and N2. The results show that PAF-45S exhibits unprecedentedly high Xe/Kr selectivity (24.1) and good Xe adsorption capacity (0.053 mmol g−1). Its high separation performance together with excellent stability and reproducibility promise PAF-45S as a next-generation material in the adsorption separation technology.


The problem of rotordynamic instability has had a long history and a significant
impact on the design and operation of rotating machinery. As the search for higher
power density and sophistication intensified, so have efforts to understand better
and solve the instability problem and the difficulties often associated with it, such
as noise and vibration, excessive bearing loads, loss of performance and catastrophic
failure.


A carboxymethyl poly(1-vinylimidazole) (CM-PVIm) has been synthesized as a polyampholyte for biocompatibility. A solution turbidity measurement proved that no significant effect on rapid aggregate ...


The authors point out that innovation in circulation system of Beijing fresh and live agriculture by-product should be implemented from such aspects as market construction,logistic system improvement and government supervision.We should,first,develop modern new circulation channel represented by close supply chain of fresh green agriculture by-product;second,innovate and upgrade the current large wholesale market of agriculture by-product and enhance guiding function of price;third,develop some more large agriculture by-product distribution center and promote development of circulation organizations;and fourth,strengthen government supervision and increase financial support.


Semiconductor quantum dots are useful for controlling and observing quantum states and can also be used as sensors for reading out quantum bits and exploring local electronic states in nanostructures. However, challenges remain for the sensor applications, such as the trade-off between sensitivity and dynamic range and the issue of instability due to external disturbances. In this study, we demonstrate proportional-integral-differential feedback control of the radio-frequency reflectometry in GaN nanodevices using a field-programmable gate array. This technique can maintain the operating point of the charge sensor with high sensitivity. The system also realizes a wide dynamic range and high sensor sensitivity through the monitoring of the feedback signal. This method has potential applications in exploring dynamics and instability of electronic and quantum states in nanostructures.


Discrete flow microfluidic devices have been identified as a technology that can be used to efficiently deliver health care services by reducing the cycle times and reagent consumption of common biological protocols and medical diagnostic procedures while reducing overhead costs by performing these applications at the point of care. Electrowetting on dielectric is one promising discrete flow microfluidic platform that can individually create, manipulate, and mix droplets through the application of asymmetric electric fields. The work presented outlines fundamental and practical contributions to the understanding and advancement of electrowetting on dielectric devices that the authors are using to develop a device capable of performing immunoassays on chip. Explicit analytical models for capillary force and the reduction in that force by contact angle hysteresis as a function of the three-dimensional shape of the droplet were derived to develop an empirically validated analytical model for transient motion of droplets in electrowetting on dielectric devices. This model accurately predicts the maximum droplet displacement and travel time to within 2.3% and 2.7%, respectively; whereas the average droplet velocity was always predicted to within 8.1%. It also demonstrates a method for real time monitoring of droplet composition, particle concentration, and chemical reactions in electrowetting on dielectric devices without optical access. This method has been used to determine the concentration of water-methanol solutions, measure the concentration of glass microspheres at various concentrations, and detect the chemical reactions that are typically used in immunoassays. A method for the mechanical filtration of droplets in these devices will also be presented. The proposed filtration method was successful at pore sizes at least two orders of magnitude below the droplet height, which is small enough to separate red and white blood cells in continuous flow microfluidic devices.© 2012 ASME


The purpose of this study intends to examine the legal politics of the formation of laws and regulations, especially regional law products that are focused on the formation of a case based on legal research methods and hermeneutic approaches. The formation of Perkada, which is based on hermeneutics in the form of interpretation, requires carefulness so as not to cause problems in the form of conflict norms or fuzzy norms. Based on these objectives a research question was proposed as a guide in examining the above issues, namely: 1) Basic application of legal hermeneutics; and2) Form of application in the formation of Perkada in Bali Province. The final result expected from this research is to obtain information, understanding, and study in the framework of the preparation of the laws and regulations, especially the drafting of regional law products, namely in the Province of Bali.


Moderation and justifiability of desire are the basis of its value rationality.Greed means the indefinite expansion of a person's selfish desire or undeliberated means to realize it.The nature of greed determines its negative effects which are boiled down in the sentence "Greed is disastrous." When distinguishing greed from desire,we should neither defend for "greed" for taking "desire" for granted,nor be afraid of "desire" because of the negative side of "greed".Therefore,people should regulate desires and guard against greed.


Simple Summary Hereditary pathogenic/likely-pathogenic variants (PVs/LPVs) of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are the principal genetic cause of breast cancer (BC), ovarian cancer (OC), and other malignancies such as prostate (PrC) and pancreas (PC) carcinomas. The proportion of BRCA1 vs. BRCA2 is specific to various populations in different regions, and several PVs have been observed to be founders, besides recurring in narrow geographical areas. In our study, in a selected cohort of subjects characterized by a common local origin and a cancer family history, we identified a BRCA2 PV that was further analyzed and correlated to the risk of PC onset. Abstract PVs and LPVs in BRCA1/2 genes are correlated to a high risk of developing breast cancer and/or ovarian cancer (Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer syndrome, HBOC); additionally, in recent years, an increasing number of BRCA 1/2 variants have been identified and associated with pancreatic cancer. Epidemiologic studies have highlighted that inherited factors are involved in 10% to 20% of PCs, mainly through deleterious variants of BRCA2. The frequency of BRCA1/2 germline alterations fluctuates quite a lot among different ethnic groups, and the estimated rate of PVs/LPVs variants in Italian HBOC families is not very accurate, according to different reports. The aim of our study is to describe the prevalence of a BRCA2 PV observed in a selected cohort of HBOC patients and their relatives, whose common origin is the eastern coast of Emilia Romagna, a region of Italy. This study provides insight into the frequency of the variant detected in this area and provides evidence of an increased risk of pancreatic and breast cancer, useful for genetic counseling and surveillance programs.


The invention relates to a process for producing acetone cyanohydrin, and a process for the preparation of Methacrylsaurealcylestern in which an acetone cyanohydrin as it can be produced according to the present invention is used.


It is estimated that a child is killed every 30 seconds and there is an annual report of 500 million Malaria cases in Africa [1]. To get the best of care, the patient may need the advice of several specialists over the course of time and with their own languages. Although major medical centers can and do provide such an adequate spectrum of services, those economically disadvantaged or remotely located cannot or do not receive such an intensive concentration of assistance. This problem is especially acute in underdeveloped countries, where even the supply of physicians, nurses and technicians is very limited [2]. The main focus of this research project is to develop and use Malaria expert system to provide support in the Prevention, prediction and diagnosis of malaria using the two widely spoken languages in Ethiopia (Amharic and Afan Oromo). There are still some problems in creating such systems as most people in rural areas of Ethiopia are illiterate and computer literacy cannot be expected from them. We are convinced as such systems are needed to be developed in regional languages. Such systems are required to make available to village area through blocks or village administration units. In addition to this the possibility to communicate with the system by text, pictures and sounds will provide extra advantages. Adding speech interface to such systems may be proved to more beneficial to the people of remote areas. Even illiterate people can interact with speech interface based expert systems and get benefits.


Although artificial intelligence (AI) has achieved many feats at a rapid pace, there still exist open problems and fundamental shortcomings related to performance and resource efficiency. Since AI researchers benchmark a significant proportion of performance standards through human intelligence, cognitive sciences-inspired AI is a promising domain of research. Studying cognitive science can provide a fresh perspective to building fundamental blocks in AI research, which can lead to improved performance and efficiency. In this review paper, we focus on the cognitive functions of perception, which is the process of taking signals from one's surroundings as input, and processing them to understand the environment. Particularly, we study and compare its various processes through the lens of both cognitive sciences and AI. Through this study, we review all current major theories from various sub-disciplines of cognitive science (specifically neuroscience, psychology and linguistics), and draw parallels with theories and techniques from current practices in AI. We, hence, present a detailed collection of methods in AI for researchers to build AI systems inspired by cognitive science. Further, through the process of reviewing the state of cognitive-inspired AI, we point out many gaps in the current state of AI (with respect to the performance of the human brain), and hence present potential directions for researchers to develop better perception systems in AI.


Ground based testing of the HyShot II supersonic combustion ramjet flight configuration
was carried out in the High Enthalpy Shock Tunnel Gottingen, HEG, of the German
Aerospace Center, DLR. The main focus of these investigations was to obtain surface
pressure and surface heat transfer data on the intake and the cowl and body side surfaces of
the combustion chamber and the nozzle. Further, high speed flow visualisation of the
combustor flow was performed. Two HEG operating conditions which are related to 33km
and 27km flight altitude were applied. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was applied to
support the analysis of the experimental results and for the prediction of the free stream
conditions in the HEG test section.


According to the professional talents training of the Internet of things and the industry need,combining with our institute's char acteristics,the employment posts of the Internet of things should be established,and then forms the specialized training goal.Taking profes sion station group,work task and work flow as the basis,it explores the specialized course system of the Internet of things corresponding with our institute's characteristics of economic and trade,and discusses several key problems in the scheme implement in order to provide a sample for relevant institutes with this specialty.


Significant progress was made during the past year to develop a sensitive, real-time continuous emissions monitor for accurately measuring a variety of hazardous (Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, RCRA) metals which can be present in the off-gas or stack gas of a thermal treatment process. The current work has focused on six metals: arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, lead, and mercury. The year started with the analysis of results from a joint DOE/EPA sponsored performance test at the EPA Rotary The majority of the activity during the year has been occupied with laboratory research and development at the MIT Plasma and Science Fusion Center to make performance improvements in the microwave-plasma continuous emissions monitor. The main features of this activity has involved the development and characterization of a fieldable calibration method, experiments with various longer and narrower plasma dimensions, improvements in optics and microwave component configurations, and measurement of plasma parameters to improve understanding of metals emission performance.


Operations management is an area of management concerned with overseeing, designing, and controlling the process of production and redesigning business operations in the production of goods or services. It involves the responsibility of ensuring that business operations are efficient in terms of using as few resources as needed, and effective in terms of meeting customer requirements. It is concerned with managing the process that converts inputs (in the forms of raw materials, labor, and energy) into outputs (in the form of goods and/or services).The relationship of operations management to senior management in commercial contexts can be compared to the relationship of line producers to highest-level of production process. Management, including operations management, is like engineering in that it blends art with applied science.Operation management (control) of the productive process consists of: operational planning, delivery control, process monitoring and operational registration. In operating system management objectives define the required results (Wz) the production process, given the operational system plans. As which he defines not only objective, but also the development of the manufacturing process to observe the given goals (structure, tasks, and sequence operating plan). Operational management is a multi- level control system,The process of producing new energetic drink L-Carnitine, "Gora" , drinking water in various volumes, juices various volumes and other products.


In an article written to coincide with the centenary celebration of the Newspaper Press Union, the editor of Beeld, Ton vosloo, discusses the restless nature of the free Press, as well as overt and covert threats to the Press in south African society. One of the most dire overt threats is the electronic development in the media forum which forces print media to take a long and hard look at its very nature. Several covert threats are noted, among others the electronic contenders in the advertising market and government involvement in Press matters. The author argues that the local English Press often does not responsibly reflect the South African tension which exists between Third World facets in society and Western democracy in the true sense of the word. By dogmatically adhering to a policy of one-man-one-vote in a society where even the Westminster system is dated, the English Press might be able to sustain internatinal Press links, but is alienating local government to the extent that existing Press fr...


Abstract— In this paper we describe the recovery, handling and preliminary mineralogical investigation of the Tagish Lake meteorite. Tagish Lake is a type 2 carbonaceous chondrite which bears similarities to CI1 and CM chondrite groups, but is distinct from both. Abundant phyllosilicates as well as chondrules (however sparse) and common olivine grains in the matrix preclude any other classification. The bulk density of Tagish Lake (1.67 g/cc) is far lower than CI or CM chondrites (2.2‐2.3 and 2.6‐2.9 g/cc, respectively), or any other meteorite for that matter. We have identified two lithologies: a dominant carbonate‐poor lithology and a less‐abundant carbonate‐rich lithology. The meteorite is a breccia at all scales.


. In this work, we show that a generalized helicoid with lightlike profile curve is isometric to a rotation surface with lightlike profile curve by Bour's theorem in Minkowski 3-space. In addition, we determine $the8e$ surfaces if they are minimal and have the same Gauss map with an additional condition.


Discipline and leadership are the two main factors for companies to improve employee performance. Because without discipline and leadership it will produce unsatisfactory results. This study aims to determine and analyze the significant positive relationship between the discipline and leadership variables with the performance of employees at PT. Samsung Electronics Indonesia Surabaya Region. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires to 50 employees of PT. Samsung at WTC (World Trade Center) Surabaya and interviewed employees directly. The research method uses the Rank Spearman correlation. The result of this research is that discipline and leadership have a positive and significant relationship with employee performance. Companies must pay attention to the discipline and leadership that the company has and improve it to improve the quality of employee performance for the better.


Ovarian cancer (OC) is a high-mortality malignancy in women with a five-year survival rate of 30-40%. There is an urgent need to develop high-efficacy and low toxic treatments for OC. Herein, we report a novel strategy that combines α 3 integrin targeted polymersomes (A3-Ps) and targeted molecular drug, polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibitor volasertib (Vol) for dually targeted molecular therapy of OC in vivo. A3-Ps had good Vol loading of 7.7-8.0 wt.% and small size of 25-32 nm, depending on the density of α3 integrin binding peptide A3. Interestingly, cellular uptake studies using FITC-labeled Vol revealed that A3-Ps with 20% peptide gave 2.3 and 3.3-fold better internalization in SKOV-3 OC cells compared with non-targeted Ps and free Vol, respectively. Accordingly, Vol loaded in A3-Ps showed the best inhibitory activity to SKOV-3 cells with an IC50 of 49 nM, which was 3.5 times lower than free Vol. Importantly, the in vivo experiments demonstrated that A3-Ps-Vol proficiently repressed the growth of SKOV-3 tumors in mice while continuous tumor growth was observed for Ps-Vol and free Vol-treated mice. A3-Ps-Vol besides boosting anti-OC activity also reduced the systemic toxicity of Vol. This dually targeted molecular drug nanoformulation has appeared to be an especially potent and low toxic treatment modality for human ovarian cancers.


soluble ferric salts combine with proteins, producing a precipitate. Such precipitated iron cannot be reduced to the ferrous state, since, even if the protein portion of the compound be digested, the compound will have passed to the alkaline part of the gut, where iron is precipitated as carbonates, phosphate!'! or sulphides which cannot be absorbed. Citrate of iron and ammonium and other scale preparations have the iron in an unavailable form until acted upon by hydrochloric or other acid in the stomach. Hydrochloric acid frees ferric chloride from the scale salt. The ferric chloride either reacts with proteins, producing a precipitate which is lost, or, if it comes in contact with reducing 'Substances in the food, ferrous chloride is formed which, no longer reacting with the proteins, is available. Other gastric acids produce similar changes. Solution of iron perchloride irritates the stomach-probably from reacting with the proteins of the gastric wall. Scale salts are non-irritant, as the gastric acids only slowly liberate ferric chloride, and this largely reacts with the proteins. Scale salts are given in solution, their distribution over a wide area being thus favoured. The chance of reacting with gastric acids and reducing substances is increased; but so also is the chance of the ferric salts formed reacting with proteins and being lost. Reduced iron is not in ferrous form, but is pure iron, with possibly some ferric oxide. It is insoluble and unavailable until the gastric acids dissolve it. With hydrochloric acid only ferrous chloride is formed. Ferric chloride cannot be formed so long as any reduced iron is present. The more dilute the hydrochloric acid is, the more slowlv solution occurs. If there is little reduced iron present, very little ferrous chloride can be formed. Large doses of reduced iron must be given and distributed as widely as possible throughout the stomach. It must present as great a surface as possible to the dissolving acids. Ferrous sulphate does not react with proteins. It is not quite as available for absorption as ferrous chloride. Blaud's pill and the old Mistwra Ferri contain ferrous carbonate, which is insoluble and unavailable until converted to a soluble form by the gastric acids. Lucas and Henderson state that iron in most foods is not readily available. The best sources are egg yolk, milk, spinach and cabbage, and perhaps other leafy vegetables. Heemoglobin should never be given as a source of iron, as very little iron is made available by digestive processes on hremoglobin. That some of the iron in food or in scale preparations or inorganic iron salts is converted into the ferrous form is shown by testing the stomach contents with a-a-dipyridyl. Such ferrous salts may be absorbed by the stomach wall and certainly are absorbed by the duodenum and upper part of the jejunum, where the contents are still acid. As the gut contents become alkaline ferrous salts are precipitated as carbonates, phosphates and sulphides. Very aneemie patients take up relatively large amounts of iron and convert it into hremoglobin. The richer the body is in iron, the less the amount taken up daily. On large doses of iron large amounts may at first be built up into heemoglobin if needed, but the amount of iron metabolized gradually diminishes. Small doses of reduced iron are of little value. Even in the presence of hydrochloric acid little ferrous chloride can be formed. Lucas and Henderson extol the Syrupus Ferri ChloridJi of the Canadian Formulary, containing ferrous chloride, as surpassing all other iron preparations. This claim is worth investigating. Lucas and Henderson also state that the evidence for the value of copper is small. Certainly when adequate copper is not absorbed by growing rats anremia occurs. This is not cured by iron alone, but minute amounts of copper will effect a cure. Inadequate copper absorption may occur in young children, but usually the food contains SUfficient, and most iron preparations have ample copper as an impurity. The addition of small amounts will produce neither benefit nor harm.


Handroanthus chrysotrichus has high economic, ornamental and medicinal value, being used in landscaping projects and urban trees because of its floristic beauty. This study aimed to identify and quantify fungi associated with Handroanthus chrysotrichus (Mart. ex DC) Mattos seeds, evaluate the effect of aseptic seed germination and incidence of fungi Alternaria alternata and verify that is transmitted from seed to seedling . We evaluated the quality health through the filter paper method and PDA (potato dextrose agar). To test germination boxes we used type "gerbox " substrate with filter paper at 25°C with 12 hours photoperiod for seven days. The seeds, in sanity, were subdivided, and a subsample submitted to superficial disinfection (with 1 % sodium hypochlorite, 70% alcohol and distilled water) and some were not. In the germination test, we also evaluated the transmission through fungal lesions detected in the seedlings. We identified and quantified fungi: Cladosporium sp.,  Alternaria alternata, Epicoccum sp., Phoma sp., Phomopsis sp., Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., Chaetomium sp. and Rhizoctonia sp. In general, the asepsis provided drastic reduction in the incidence of all fungi that one can interfere that most of the seeds were infesting fungi. The fungi did not interfere directly in the percentage of normal seedlings and aseptic reduced germination proving to be phytotoxic. The Alternaria alternata fungus was detected in all samples and its transmission was detected, causing rot cotyledons and bad root formation.


Jacques Barrau, that as the population increased there was a shift from extensive, slash-and-bum agriculture to a more intensive, permanent agriculture emphasizing swamp taro (Colocasia and Cyrtosperma). Swamp taro cultivation can be carried on efficiently by conjugal family households and is more likely to be carried on by men than by women, according to a comparative study of food crops in the Caroline Islands which Labby cites. This shift in cultivation, he suggests, led to an increasing tendency for the men of the matrilineal clans (i) to reside on and work their own clan property instead of moving to their wives' lands on marriage and working those, and (ii) to pass on some-in later periods all-of their share of their own matrilineal clan lands to their wives and thence to their sons. Since there is in other matrilineal societies in Micronesia an occasional transfer of land from men to women at marriage and a more widespread tendency for men to try to give a little land to their sons, this hypothesis is plausible. Labby postulates that these changes in inheritance of land occurred in a'densely populated society, which fostered intense competition for land and the growth of a view that the recipients of land (the wives and their sons) are indebted to the givers (the men) and are inferior to them, even polluting and dirty, and therefore should not eat food from the same garden or food cooked on the same fire. Again, this is logically consistent, although an extreme development. As for the dialectic of Marxism, Labby mentions repeatedly a "dialectic between clan and land," by which he seems to mean concretely a kind of exchange between a land-owning man and his wife in which the man progressively transfers rights to pieces of his estate to his wife and their sons-who are necessarily members of their mother's matrilineage-and thereby share her property rights. This transfer is phrased as a payment to the wife and her clan for her labor in the land, her care for her husband, her bearing his children, and so on. This exchange of land for wifely service strikes me as rather different from standard Marxist dialectic, but Labby argues that this husband-wife relationship, which is also in a sense a relationship between their two clans, serves as a prototype for relationships between social classes and political entities such as villages and districts. Labby's book is short. In a longer work I would hope he would consider other possible approaches in some detail, if only to dismiss them authoritative-


We present an overview of large numbers within mathematics and computing. Particular emphasis is put on the problem of large number notation in the mathematical attempt to get closer to infinity.


Introduction: Five craters larger than 100 km diameter, including Gale with its spectacular lake deposits, have been identified as possible landing sites for the Mars Explorer Rovers (MER) 2003 missions [1]. These craters are important locations where lacustrine, fluvial, and hydrothermal processes occurred on Mars, they have exciting landscapes, and these missions represent the first chance to visit a large crater on another planet [2,3,4]. Lakes probably formed in these craters, with water supplied from aquifers or surface sources, resulting in deposition of water-lain sediments and evaporites [3,5,6,7]. Lake waters derived from broad regional aquifers, can potentially collect biological material from a wide region and provide environments for possible life forms to flourish. Hydrothermal systems, which formed in the craters due to heat from impact melt and uplifted basement, are highly sought after targets because terrestrial life probably originated in such systems. Studying hydrothermal and aqueous processes in large craters on Mars will allow us to: • Identify and characterize environments for the origin and evolution of life on Mars. • Understand the history of water at the Martian surface, including hydrothermal systems, lake formation, and the nature of ancient climates. • Study the contributions to the Martian soil from hydrothermal and evaporite processes [8]. The location of fluvial and lacustrine deposits are often evident from geomorphic evidence, such as layering and delta structures, but the location of hydrothermal deposits is less obvious. However, continuing research including study of MGS MOC imagery (Fig. 1), hydrothermal modeling, and terrestrial analogue studies provide strong guidance on where such deposits can be found, and on the processes that may have exposed or delivered this material to the landing sites. MER impact crater landing sites: Possible landing sites on the floors of five craters were identified during early assessment of MER landing sites. These craters include Gusev (EP55A, -1.9 km elev., 160 km diam.), Gale (EP82A, -4.5 km elev., 170 km diam.), Boeddicker (EP64A, -2.1 km elev., 110 km diam.), an unnamed crater in Elysium Planitia (EP69A, -1.7 km elev., 100 km diam.), and an unnamed crater in Terra Meridiani containing two sites (TM15A, north site, TM16A, south site, -1.9 km elev., 150 km diam.). Unfortunately, there are virtually no MOC high-resolution images of the landing sites on the floors of these craters. Evidence for fluvial and lacustrine deposits have been identified in Gale (Viking and MOC), and the unnamed EP crater (Viking data) [4,6,7], and such deposits have a good chance of being present at the surface in their landing sites. Gusev crater was thought to be a good candidate, but unreleased MOC images do not reportedly show evidence of lake deposits or evaporites on the crater floor [9]. For the Unnamed TM crater, there appears to be a channel leading into the crater from the south, however no deltas have been identified, and no evidence for sedimentary layering is obvious in the two released MOC images. Evidence for lacustrine activity has not been reported for Boeddicker, but there are no released MOC images.


Neural tube defects(NTD)are a common congenital malformations in humans leading to infant mortality or severe disability.The etiology of NTD is complicated, with both environmentaland genetic contributions.It has been found that the protein markers associated with NTD are mainly maternal serum alpha fetoprotein, amniotic fluid alpha fetoprotein and amniotic fluid glial fibrillary acidic protein.This article reviews the protein biomarks related with NTD.

Key words:
Neural tube defects; Maternal serum alpha fetoprotein; Amniotic fluid alpha fetoprotein; Amniotic fluid glial fibrillary acidic protein; S100 protein


This paper presents an impact of flicker for various binary modulations of visible light communication (VLC) under dimming requirement. While previous approaches consider the statistics of the signal that cannot capture contributions of dynamic impacts of flicker, the power spectral density is evaluated for various VLC transmission schemes of dimming support. This enables to compare transmission schemes with the contribution of low and intermediate frequency components to flicker. Numerical results show that analog dimming has advantages over other techniques in terms of flicker and signal processing with waveforms and symbol distribution allows to mitigate flicker effects.


Instantaneous power theory has a central role in power systems analysis. Among mathematical settings used for the development of this theory, quaternion algebra has been used for describing electrical variables in recent works. In this context, this paper aims to describe three-phase power in a quaternion framework. We analyze quaternion power for balanced and unbalanced delta loads, comparing the expressions obtained to the usual expressions of complex power. The quaternion power expression obtained also makes it natural to introduce a decomposition of the unbalanced load in terms of a balanced component and an unbalanced load with null average power. It is also shown that delta unbalanced loads are equivalent to time-varying balanced loads. The results obtained extend the power systems theory in the quaternion domain and emphasize the advantages of using this framework.


Background: Escherichia coli is the most important and widespread bacteria in worldwide, which mainly found in contaminated food, human and animal faeces. Unfortunately, Some of E. coli strains are multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogen leading significant public health concern globally. Biofilm is a multicellular community of microorganisms. Phages and their derivatives are ideal candidates for replacing or compensating for antibiotic problems in the future. Method: Here, we aimed to isolation and characterization of Escherichia coli phage and research its bactericidal activity that individually or collaborative with kanamycin sulfateResults: In this study, three virulent phages Flora, T4 and WJ were isolated from the laboratory and drug sample in Wuxi, China. It's belonged to the Myoviridae family and optimum temperature is 42 ℃, optimum pH= 7, optimum MOI is 0.0001 and the genome size of Flora, T4 and WJ were 168, 909, 168903 and 168, 900 bp respectively. Flora has two exonuclease, whereas T4 and WJ have only one. Antibiotics have better bactericidal activity than phages in a low concentration medium of bacteria, nonetheless, phages have better bactericidal activity than antibiotics in a high concentration of bacteria, and that, collaboration of phages and antibiotics have better bactericidal activity effect than alone of phages or antibiotics in a low concentration medium of bacteria. Conclusion: The excellent performance of phage Flora for its therapeutic potential on clinic. The data of this study provided the strong evidence that the application of phage could reduce the growth and biofilm of E. coli that are important to maintain public health. Keywords: Escherichia coli, phage, lytic spectrum, biofilm, antibiotic


Summary Dimethyl sulfone has been detected and isolated from pasteurized cows'milk. The source of the sulfone is not yet known. Dimethyl sulfoxide was not detected.


In order to effectively protect the biodiversity in Urumqi of northwestern China,based on the species analysis method and combined with Urumqi wild animal and plant protection lists,key protected fields of biodiversity there were determined. The results were as follows: there were totally 10 key protected fields of biodiversity in Urumqi,among which three were mountainous areas,three plain desert areas,two built-up areas,one agricultural land and one wetland. The functions of mountainous protected fields were to establish forest,grassland,wetland diversity of landscapes,wildlife in situ conservation and ecological conservation,constituting the southern suburbs of Urumqi city's ecological security barrier. The functions of plain desert area were to increase the greenbelt area and green quantity of Urumqi city,improve the protection of natural vegetation and species diversity through relevant protection for more significant ecological benefits and safeguard the city's ecological security. The function of built-up areas was to protect the special city landscape tourism resources and protect species diversity of animal and plant resources. Wetland protection function was to conserve the wetland life in situ,the wild rare endangered plants and animals and their habitats through water and wetland protection. The function of theagricultural protected field was to protect the natural vegetation of nearby farms,lay stress on the organic combination of artificial shelter and its natural vegetation communities and improve the species diversity.


Recently, accelerators for extremely quantized deep neural network (DNN) inference with operand widths as low as 1-bit have gained popularity due to their ability to largely cut down energy cost per inference. In this paper, a flexible SoC with mixed-precision support is presented. Contrary to the current trend of fixed-datapath accelerators, this architecture makes use of a flexible datapath based on a Transport-Triggered Architecture (TTA). The architecture is fully programmable using C. The accelerator has a peak energy efficiency of 35/67/405 fJ/op (binary, ternary, and 8-bit precision) and a throughput of 614/307/77 GOPS, which is unprecedented for a programmable architecture.


To evaluate the effectiveness of AMF on the growth of horticultural crops, we compared mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants, lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), that were inoculated with AMF propagules. As compared to the AMF- seedlings, in AMF+ seedlings at 3 weeks after sowing, the number of leaves increased 9%, leaf fresh weight increased 59%, leaf area increased 58%, and leaf length and width increased 21?22%, and chlorophyll content increased 2%. Furthermore, at 9 weeks after sowing, compared to the AMF- plants, in lettuce plants inoculated with AMF at the sowing and transplanting stages, the number of leaves increased 21% and 18%, leaf fresh weight increased 51% and 41%, root fresh weight increased 56% and 47%, and chlorophyll content increased 18% and 19%, respectively. Further this experiment indicated that the growth responses of lettuce plants inoculated with AMF during transplanting were similar to those inoculated with AMF during sowing. The results imply that the AMF infection timepoint is not important. The P content in the leaves of lettuce plants inoculated with AMF during transplanting was significantly higher (217%) than that of leaves from lettuce plants not inoculated with AMF. In contrast, the P content of the leaves of lettuce plants inoculated with AMF during the sowing stage was similar to that of leaves of control lettuce plants. In this experiment, P and chlorophyll content in AMF+ lettuce plants were higher than in AMF- plants, indicating that the photosynthetic rate was improved with AMF inoculation.


Abstract The ability to predict and control the assembly of molecular and ionic species into ordered networks is becoming an important target area in chemistry, biochemistry and materials science. In this context, the selectivity and directionality of the hydrogen bond have been instrumental in the preparation of distinctive structural aggregates, and the use of hydrogen bonding as a steering force is now emerging as the most important strategy in crystal engineering. A reliable supramolecular synthetic protocol also requires access to a wide range of reactions that are versatile, selective and give rise to high supramolecular yields. Through a systematic structural study we have examined three issues that are relevant to the development of transferable supramolecular synthesis; (a) structural invariance to molecular isomerism; (b) hierarchy of synthons based upon competition between intermolecular forces and (c) changes in supramolecular yield as a function of molecular substitution.


Background : The dissemination of pathogenic microorganisms in hatcheries leads to a higher number of contaminated eggs, causing reduction in hatchability and increase of discarded chicks. Sanitation programs are crucial for maximum hatchability and chick quality. Efforts have been made to find alternative approaches to the conventional disinfectants, and surfaces with copper, which have antimicrobial properties, could assist in this process. However, the possible adverse effects of copper surfaces on chicks in hatcheries have not yet been evaluated. The present study aimed at developing hatch baskets composed of copper and evaluating the effect of these baskets on the productive indexes of a hatchery. Materials, Methods and Results : For this experiment, 3.15 kg hatch tray prototypes with 99.9% Cu (Cu11000) were developed to fit inside conventional polypropylene hatch baskets (580 × 755 × 83 mm). Six polypropylene hatch baskets (control group) and 6 polypropylene hatch baskets covered by 99.9% copper (Cu11000) hatch trays (test group) were evaluated during 5 hatchings. Hatched eggs and chicks remained in contact with the hatch basket surfaces for at least 72 h, corresponding to the entire period in which they were located in the hatcher. Cleaning and disinfection programs of the hatchery were not modified. The level of microbial contamination on the hatch baskets was evaluated at 6 different periods: 0 h (initial contamination after disinfection and egg transfer to the trays); 24 h, 30 h, 45 h and 60 h after the first sampling; and at the moment when chicks were removed from the hatching cabinet and transferred to the chick-holding room (> 60 h). Counting of total moulds and yeasts, mesophilic microorganisms, Enterobacteria and Escherichia coli colonies was performed. The number of hatched chicks, non-hatched eggs, and chicks discarded were registered for each hatching. Microbiologic analyses showed no growth on hatch baskets neither of the test group nor on those of the control group, regardless of the period evaluated. No significant difference was found between the two groups in the counts of hatched chicks, non-hatched eggs, and chicks discarded. Discussion : The antimicrobial efficacy of copper surfaces has been established for a variety of bacteria and fungi, including in the healthcare environment. In addition, antimicrobial resistance to copper is extremely rare because of copper's multisite kill mechanism and other mostly nonspecific damage mechanisms. Several copper applications have been established; however, the potential adverse effects of using copper surfaces in hatcheries on chicks or on hatchery productive indexes had not yet been evaluated. The analyses performed in this study did not show microbiological growth. The results showed that the copper surface did not cause any significant adverse effects on chicks. The hatched chicks were visually healthy, and no significant difference was found between the numbers of chicks discarded in the control and test groups. Since the production parameters were not altered or impaired in the present study, it is possible to conclude that the use of copper surfaces in hatcheries can be an effective tool in the microbiological control of these environments. Nevertheless, copper alloys lend themselves to the creation of self-sanitizing surfaces that should be used as a complement and not as a substitute for standard cleaning and disinfection practices.


The paper contains two different topics. The first topic deals with the coefficient problem. It is shown that for a certain type of rational functions (depending on a parameter q) the validity of Robertson's inequalities for n less than or equal to fq − 1 is sufficient to conclude Bieberbach/de Branges' inequalities for all n. In the second topic is studied the "stability of niceness" of Robertson's functional for n = 4.


Conductive non stoichiometric TiO2-based films attract considerable interest for their photocatalytic, photovoltaic and photoelectrochemical applications. In this work, transparent and conductive TiOx and TiO2:Nb films were fabricated by e-beam evaporation at 250°C in oxygen deficient atmosphere starting from commercial powders, while TiO2:Nb films and TiO2:Nb/Ti multilayer systems were grown at room temperature by radio frequency sputtering in Ar atmosphere starting from TiO2:Nb and Ti targets. In all cases, an accurate control of oxygen partial pressure during the growth process was necessary and, in some cases, additional post deposition treatments in reducing atmosphere were applied aiming to decrease the electrical resistivity of the samples. The optical, electrical, structural and morphological characteristics of the different films were investigated and correlated to the process parameters.


Broad-based empirical outcomes assessment is an increasingly evident part of governmental services and this trend is particularly apparent in education. The clearest manifestation of this trend in education has been the advent of high-stakes broad-based testing and accountability programs in K-12 education. Although this assessment regime has not yet been used to assess the efficacy of teacher preparation programs, the data management capacity and statistical technology is now emerging to make this possible. This article presents data from the 1st year of a pilot study examining the methodological and practical issues involved in implementing a value-added assessment of teacher preparation based on a massive multivariate longitudinal database. The pilot data are discussed in relation to the literature pertaining to value-added assessments in K-12 education. Selected research needs and practical concerns related to the use of value-added models for the assessment of teacher preparation are discussed.


The invention relates to a metal layer manufacturing method, a functional substrate and manufacturing method thereof, and a display device. The metal layer manufacturing method includes the steps of: forming an insulating layer on a substrate; forming an etching buffer layer on the insulating layer; patterning the etching buffer layer and insulating layer so as to form a plurality of recessed micro-structures in the insulating layer; stripping the etching buffer layer; and forming a metal layer on the insulating layer, and forming raised parts filled to the plurality of recessed micro-structures on the surface of the metal layer close to the insulating layer. The metal layer manufacturing method can form a metal layer having an anti-reflection effect.


This paper investigated a room temperature resistive ammonia gas sensor based on a conductive polymer and N-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs) dopant made on a transparent substrate with electrodes. The sensor fabricated with conductive polymer showed a good sensing response that increases considerably with the addition of N-GQDs. The sensing response of the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS) to NH3 increased from 30.13% to 212.32% at 1500 ppm with the addition of 50 wt% N-GQDs. The response time of the N-GQDs doped sensor decreased to 6.8 min when compared with the sensor without N-GQDs and the stability of the sensor having combined N-GQDs and PEDOT-PSS was higher than that of the PEDOT-PSS sensor. Meanwhile, the structure and morphology of the sensing film are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and field emissions scanning electron microscopy.


This article describes how the Maritime Safety Committee of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) approved the IMO user guide in May 2011 for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) Chapter XI-2 and the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code. This is a consolidated source of IMO maritime security-related material that is intended to assist government officials, port facility employees, shipping company employees, and mariners with their security responsibilities. The guide is designed to explain the security-related aspects of the International Convention for the SOLAS and also to assist SOLAS contracting governments in implementing, verifying compliance, and enforcing the provisions of SOLAS Chapter XI-2 and the ISPS Code. In addition, it serves as an aid and reference for those engaged in delivering capacity-building activities in the field of maritime security. Ultimately, this will improve the security of global supply chains. The IMO user guide is presented in five sections. Section 1 is the introduction. Section 2 is "Security Responsibilities of Governments and their National Authorities." Section 3 is "Security Responsibilities of Port Facility and Port Operators." Section 4 is "Security Responsibilities of Ship Operators." Section 5 is "Framework for Conducting Security Assessments."


Metacarpal bone fracture is often caused by impact on metacarpal head from violence,more often seen in young people. Metacarpal neck fractures are mostly transverse fractures,belonging to the unstable fracture,where reset operation is suitable to improve hand function recovery. Commonly used treatments include closed reduction and external fixation,closed reduction and internal fixation and open reduction and internal fixation. The hand is needed to complete fine motion,which has high requirements for the appearance and function after the fracture healing,where controversies still exist for selection of the appropriate treatment.


Apparatus for in-vivo measurement of the concentration of an ingredient of a body fluid, with (a) a light transmitter 10), the light from a sensitive for the ingredient wavelength range and transmits (for implantation in living tissue 2) is provided, b) a light detector (5) which receives in a measurement position of the device the light and outputting a signal in response to the received light, from which the concentration of the ingredient is determined, c) and a light source (9) for generating the light, which (in the measuring position, the light through the tissue 2) therethrough to the light transmitter (10) sends, d) wherein said light detector (5) is (in the measuring position outside of the fabric 2), e) and wherein the light transmitter (10) is a reflector (10) which reflects the light from the light source (9) to the light detector (5), characterized, in that f) the light transmitter (10) at least two light-reflecting surfaces or layers (12, 13), ...


In the beginning of the 20th century, with the opening of Middle East Railway, a batch of modern cities and towns sprung up on the earth of Longjiang because of railway, especially the central pivot of the Middle East Railway – Harbin which quickly became an internationalized city: railways traversed Europe and Asia and extended in all directions with convergence and flow of physical distribution and information; Because of the inburst of nearly 200,000 expatriates, the degree of internationalization could be abreast of Moscow, having created a miracle during the urbanization process in modern China. Known as the reputation of "Oriental Moscow" and ―Oriental little Paris", Harbin draws on the European music culture, where there are China's first music school and the first ballet over the same period of Shanghai. Foreign cultural elements like overseas Russian culture and others merge with each other, forming education and culture of Harbin that has the unique international convergence characteristics. The culture that all rivers run into sea and wide heart embraces all have been branded for Harbin and even Heilongjiang by these cultural elements and immigrant culture from the mainland. Keywords—overseas Russian; Heilongjiang; music


We report on the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) monitoring campaign of the 468 Hz accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar IGR J17379–3747. From a detailed spectral and timing analysis of the coherent pulsations we find that they show a strong energy dependence, with soft thermal emission lagging about 640 μs behind the hard, Comptonized emission. Additionally, we observe uncommonly large pulse fractions, with measured amplitudes in excess of 20% sinusoidal fractional amplitude across the NICER passband and fluctuations of up to ∼70%. Based on a phase-resolved spectral analysis, we suggest that these extreme properties might be explained if the source has an unusually favorable viewing geometry with a large magnetic misalignment angle. Due to these large pulse fractions, we were able to detect pulsations down to quiescent luminosities ( erg ). We discuss these low-luminosity pulsations in the context of transitional millisecond pulsars.


Data are presented which demonstrate how the dihydride bonding density in hydrogenated amorphous silicon produced by reactive rf sputtering may be controlled through variation of the rf sputtering power. It is suggested that as the power is increased, the temperature of the ions and neutral atoms above the substrate surface increases until particles incident on the surface have enough energy to prevent or destroy the dihydride bonding configuration. Conductivity data are also presented which show a decrease in dark conductivity and photoconductivity as dihydride bond density is increased. It is concluded that the dihydride bonding reduces carrier mobility.


How much new information is created each year? Newly created information is stored in four physical media – print, film, magnetic and optical – and seen or heard in four information flows through electronic channels – telephone, radio and TV, and the Internet. This study of information storage and flows analyzes the year 2002 in order to estimate the annual size of the stock of new information recorded in storage media, and heard or seen each year in information flows. Where reliable data was available we have compared the 2002 findings to those of our 2000 study (which used 1999 data) in order to describe a few trends in the growth rate of information.


Objectives: 3,7-dihydroxy 3′,4′ orthodihydroxy flavone isolated and identified from 50% aqueous ethanolic extract [5] and tested positive in antifungal bioassay against Fusarium oxysporum ciceri [6] was taken up for further detailed analysis of the antifungal property for in vitro study in relation to Pisum sativum L. plants. The study incorporated a comparison of some morphological parameters such as root, shoot, internode, petiole length, leaf and leaflet length, leaf and leaflet number/leaf, the total number of flower/plant, pod/plant, and seeds/pod. Methods: Seeds of P. sativum L. plants were taken up as experimental material for in vitro studies. Six different sets were maintained by presoaking the seeds with water, 3,7-dihydroxy 3′,4′ orthodihydroxy flavone, and fungicide for 3 hrs. The seeds were grown in pot cultures. At seedling stage, three sets, one from each treatment, were exposed to fungal inoculum following soil drenching method. At the 21 st day, 42 day of age, the above-mentioned parameters were studied. Results: Results indicated increased growth of internode, petiole, and shoot length in the plants which were administered with the 3,7-dihydroxy 3′,4′ orthodihydroxy flavone. The fungus infested plants exhibited reduced growth of internode, petiole, and shoot length. However, griseofulvin, a popularly used fungicide showed inhibition of growth of all the parameters in healthy as well as in the infected plants. Flowering time was delayed in the infested plants. Remarkably again, administration of the plant extract quickened the flowering time as similarly as in the healthy plants. Finally, the number of seeds per pod in the plant also showed the same promising picture. The 3,7-dihydroxy 3′,4′ orthodihydroxy flavone treated plants showed higher number of seeds a pod when administered to the healthy and infected plants. Keywords: Fungicide, Inhibition, Inoculums, Infestation.


Heliograph imaging is the process to reconstruct the solar image from sparse frequency domain data, and compressed sensing (CS) algorithm has shown potential power to accurately recover images from highly undersampled data. However, the available compressed sensing based models available for heliograph imaging are not able to reconstruct fine solar structures and often suffer from undesired convolutive artifacts. This paper presents an imaging model with total variation constraint and nonlocal operator based on compressed sensing theory, with particular objective to suppress convolutive artifacts and reconstruct fine structures. In particular, an efficient algorithm is presented to solve the formulated model. Finally, a set of simulations has been conducted by using both synthetic and real images, and the results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm has surprisingly lower reconstruction errors than other methods.


Drechmeria coniospora is an obligate fungal pathogen that infects nematodes via the adhesion of specialized spores to the host cuticle. D. coniospora is frequently found associated with Caenorhabditis elegans in environmental samples. It is used in the study of the nematode's response to fungal infection. Full understanding of this bi-partite interaction requires knowledge of the pathogen's genome, analysis of its gene expression program and a capacity for genetic engineering. The acquisition of all three is reported here. A phylogenetic analysis placed D. coniospora close to the truffle parasite Tolypocladium ophioglossoides, and Hirsutella minnesotensis, another nematophagous fungus. Ascomycete nematopathogenicity is polyphyletic; D. coniospora represents a branch that has not been molecularly characterized. A detailed in silico functional analysis, comparing D. coniospora to 11 fungal species, revealed genes and gene families potentially involved in virulence and showed it to be a highly specialized pathogen. A targeted comparison with nematophagous fungi highlighted D. coniospora-specific genes and a core set of genes associated with nematode parasitism. A comparative gene expression analysis of samples from fungal spores and mycelia, and infected C. elegans, gave a molecular view of the different stages of the D. coniospora lifecycle. Transformation of D. coniospora allowed targeted gene knock-out and the production of fungus that expresses fluorescent reporter genes. It also permitted the initial characterisation of a potential fungal counter-defensive strategy, involving interference PLOSGenetics | DOI:10.1371/journal.pgen.1006017 May 6, 2016 1 / 41 a11111


Development of nickel eleCtroplating additive is reviewed with 12 references presented. Additives giving high leveling power,high-speed brightening bath performance and resulting in high deposit brightness are reported.


Objective To investigate the demands of clinical training among ICU special nurses.Method The 143 trainees from Bei- jing ICU Nurse Training Program from 2006 Oct to 2007 Jan were investigated with a questionnaire.Results ICU nurses put their em- phasis on solving practical problems for patients with intensive care.They showed insufficient demands to the knowledge of nursing re- search and nursing process.Conclusion Considering the features of ICU nurses,the clinical training should focus on motivating the positivity of the trainees and meeting their demands.Moreover,more direction should be given in the fields where they have insufficient demands so that they can obtain sufficient benefit from the clinical training.


The emergence of quantum field theory as a coarse grained effective model grounded on a more fundamental level is often conjectured. The hypothesis is based both on the lack of a unified theory capable to consistently include gravity and on the existence of several known classes of low energy effects in which effective properties emerge on a coarse grained level. Solid state physics presents major examples of emergence. Effective properties of electrons and light in solid state media mimic, through both collective and coarse grained properties, some fundamental characteristics attributed to particles and spacetime. Here, three low energy mechanisms of the solid state physics connected to those properties are considered, with a particular attention to the relevant energy scale: zero mass fermions in graphene, asymptotic freedom in semiconductor quantum dots, and effective curvature of space in negative refractive index metamaterials.


Objective: Fibroblast growth factor receptors are frequently amplified or overexpressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). We assessed the potential of a selective FGFR-kinase inhibitor, AZD4547, to act as a radiosensitizer in head and neck cancer cell lines and xenografts. Methods: A panel of head and neck cancer (n=10) and normal oral mucosa (HTE) cell lines were screened for FGFR1, 2, and 3 gene copy number, RNA expression, and protein. Sensitivity to the FGFR inhibitor AZD4547, alone or in combination with radiation, was assessed using proliferation and clonogenic survival assays. Putative mechanisms of radiosensitization were investigated by immunoblot and by assessing for DNA repair capacity, cell cycle effects, apoptosis, senescence, and autophagy. Tumor response of cell line xenografts and patient derived xenografts was assessed in vivo. Results: Cells demonstrated varying responses to FGFR inhibition but this did not correlate with FGFR gene copy number, mRNA expression, or protein expression. Three cell lines which responded to AZD4547 alone (CCL30, Tu-138, and SCC6) were selected for further investigation. TU-138 and CCL30 featured high FGFR expression and were radiosensitized by AZD4547 in vitro. SCC6 was not. Cell lines which were insensitive to FGFR inhibition (including HTE) did not demonstrate radiosensitization by AZD4547. In the sensitive cell lines, enhanced p-MAPK inhibition was seen in a time-dependent manner following drug treatment. When added to radiation, AZD4547 resulted in increased apoptosis, autophagy, and senescence but did not alter the kinetics of DNA repair as assessed by resolution of gH2AX foci. No difference in the cell cycle distribution for irradiated cells treated with or without the addition of AZD4547 was seen. Treatment of two in vivo tumor xenografts with AZD4547 and radiation showed significant delay in tumor growth compared to treatment with radiation or drug alone. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that AZD4547 can augment the response of FGFR expressing HNSCC to radiation both in vitro and in vivo. Improved approaches to identify tumors most likely to benefit from FGFR inhibition could enable the selection of patients for combination therapy and has the potential to improve outcomes in these difficult to treat cancers. Citation Format: Gopika SenthilKumar, Margot Miller, Michael Fisher, Sean Brennan, Saakshi Kaushik, Lindsey Able, Paul M. Harari, Gopal Iyer, Randall J. Kimple, Andrew M. Baschnagel. Radiosensitization of head and neck cancer by FGFR inhibition [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2929.


IGS Workshop 2012 Olsztyn, Poland July 23 to 27, 2012 Introduction: Classical height systems Reference level realised by the mean sea level at individual tide gauges over different time periods. Vertical coordinates from spirit levelling with gravity reductions (e.g. orthometric with different hypotheses). There are as many height systems as reference tide gauges (and applied orthometric hypotheses). Reference levels and heights relate to different epochs, not considering vertical crust and sea level changes.


Abstract In the northern Yukon, deformed pre-Carboniferous rocks are discontinuously exposed beneath a regional unconformity. This paper attempts to examine the nature of the orogenic activity that could have been responsible for their deformation. The rocks present beneath the sub-upper Paleozoic unconformity range in age from Precambrian to Upper Devonian and can be assigned to three tectonic zones: (1) a southern zone which was essentially undeformed, (2) a central deformed zone exhibiting some probable faulting and folding about northeast-trending axes and (3) a northern zone composed largely of lightly metamorphosed rocks which are locally intruded by granites and which are folded about axes trending from north-south to northwest-southeast. In a general way, the age of the subcropping rocks increases northwestward and one can recognize a swing in fold axes from northeasterly to northwesterly between the central and northern zones. The late-Paleozoic orogeny gave rise to relief and consequent erosion, and post-orogenic relief appears to have persisted in the central zone so as to limit the extent of the subsequent Carboniferous transgression. These data and relationships can be interpreted to suggest that the late-Paleozoic orogeny could have involved either: (a) southeastwardly directed overthrusting, (b) strike-slip faulting along a northeast-trending fracture zone or (c) block faulting. A combination of these models is also possible and larger scale global tectonic movements related to the evolution of the Arctic Ocean may be involved.