We examine whether and to what extent financial advisers can trust financial risk tolerance scores derived from client survey responses. We propose using the standard deviation of standardized survey responses as a simple, practical measure for determining the reliability of client risk tolerance measures. Our findings suggest that advisers will better discharge their fiduciary responsibilities by reexamining a client's survey results if there is substantial variation in that client's standardized survey responses and resurveying such clients to better gauge their risk tolerance scores. Dislosure: The authors report no conflicts of interest. Editor's Note Submitted 26 December 2017 Accepted 15 January 2019 by Stephen J. Brown


Interleaving control schemes are widely used in converter applications. Merits of such control methods are in reducing input/output current or voltage ripples and volume, and increasing the processed power capacity of converters. For converters with constant frequency operation, it is easy to achieve interleaving control. However, it is difficult to realize interleaving features with variable frequency operation, such as boost-type power factor correctors (PFCs) operated in critical-mode (CM) condition. This paper proposes several interleaving phase shifters for CM boost PFCs. Analysis and design of the interleaving phase shifters are first described in detail. Moreover, simulated results of the CM boost PFCs with interleaving two-phase and four-phase shifters are introduced. Finally, experimental results of a two-phase interleaved CM boost PFC are presented to verify the discussed features.


Increase in the requirement of reduction of CO2 emission / carbon footprint demands the need for CO2 capturing units in existing gas treatment facilities. The location of the CO2 capturing unit in the sour gas treating plant have economic impact with respect to CO2 recovery and unit technical cost (UTC). A case study is presented to demonstrate the optimum location of the CO2 recovery unit with available licensed technology.
 Based on production profile and composition for Asab 1 & 2, the potential acid gas removed from acid gas removal unit (AGRU) is quantified. The amount of CO2 in acid gas to be recovered in view to having a SRU unit, had the choice of CO2 recovery from: (1) low pressure amine based CO2 capturing units, (2) high pressure CO2 capturing units based on amine / physical solvents, or (3) CO2 recovery from tail gas of sulphur recovery unit (SRU).
 A technology selection study was carried out to select appropriate technology for CO2 capture with optimum unit technical cost (UTC).
 The study findings are summarized as below: Low pressure amine based CO2 recovery unit, along with the tri-ethylene glycol (TEG) based CO2 dehydration and conditioning and CO2 pumping / compression units configuration, is considered to have optimum unit technical cost (UTC). The low pressure amine based CO2 recovery unit acts as an acid gas enrichment (AGE) unit upstream of the sulphur recovery unit (SRU). As the CO2 is recovered, the total enriched acid gas feed (with higher H2S concentration) to sulphur recovery unit will reduce, hence the size of the sulphur recovery unit (SRU) will come down.Tri-ethylene glycol (TEG) based CO2 drying technology is considered with advantage over other available technologies like mole sieves, membrane based process etc.
 The CO2 capturing unit scheme selected during the conceptual design stage will be further developed in detail during the FEED stage. The CO2 recovered will be utilized for enhanced oil recovery, which will aid increased oil production and value to the company. As the CO2 recovery unit is planned along with SRU, the CO2 emission from the SRU unit will also be reduced.


The utility model discloses a bulk-solid material sampler whose sphere of application is wide and the sampler is used to collect bulk-solid materials on a band carrier. The bulk-solid material sampler of the utility model comprises a sampling arm which can move corresponding to material flows, wherein a sampling plate which can extend into the material flows is detachably installed on the sampling arm. The sampling plate in the bulk-solid material sampler of the utility model can be replaced according to the granule shape and size of the materials, thereby interception to the materials in a plurality of modes can be realized, the sphere of application of the sampler is increased, simultaneously, the sampler also can carry out sorting and sampling to the bulk-solid materials whose granule shapes and sizes are not even, and the sampling accuracy is increased. The bulk-solid material sampler of the utility model has simple structure and strong function and the sampler can be widely used in the fields of industrial and mineral production, material processing and the like.


BACKGROUND: Lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) accounts for 30% of childhood non Hodgkin's lymphoma in Japan. From European and North American groups, favorable results have been reported, using treatment strategies for acute lymphoblastic leukemia, over 80% of event free survival rate even in advanced LBL. However there were few data on Japanese or Asian patients with LBL. Here we report final outcome of first nation-wide prospective study over one hundred cases with advanced childhood LBL from Japan.

PATIENTS & METHOD: Patients with stage 3 or 4 LBL received for 9 weeks induction phase, which consisted of 7 drugs and triple IT , followed by three courses of high dose MTX(5g/m2). After high dose MTX, re-induction, early maintenance, and late maintenance phase were administered. With an attempt to intensify maintenance therapy,early maintenance was consisted by two cycles of four courses of six drugs(MTX, PSL,VCR, L-ASP, 6MP, THP#) and late maintenance was five cycles of five drugs(MTX, PSL,VCR, 6MP,AraC). We omitted local radiotherapy including prophylactic cranial radiotherapy except patient with initial central nervous system (CNS) disease. The total duration of the treatment was 24 month'".

RESULTS: From November 2004 to October 2010, 154 children with newly diagnosed advanced stage LBL were entered in this study. A total of 136 cases were eligible. Ages ranged from four month to 15 years, with a median of 9.07 years. Of the 136 patients, 36 were girls and 100 were boys. The distribution of clinical stage 3 and stage 4 was 82 and 54 patients respectively. 94 patients had primary mediastinal disease. 41 patients had BM disease, 31 patients had CNS disease and 8 patients had BM and CNS disease. 104 patients (76.5%) had precursor T LBL (T-LBL), 31 patients (22.8%) had precursor B LBL (B-LBL), onepatient (0.7%) had bi phenotype LBL. The follow-up time ranged from 2.8 to 94 months, with a median 58 months. For the 136 patients analyzed in this study, 5-year OS was 82.9% and 5-year EFS was 77.9%. There was no significant difference in outcome by gender (5-year EFS, male 78.2% vs. female 73.0%), or by immunophenotype (5-year EFS, B-LBL 80.7% vs. T-LBL 76.9%). Of note, the 5-year EFS for stage 3 T-LBL patients were worse than that of stage 4 T-LBL patients (70.6% vs. 88.9%, P=0.031 ). There were also significant difference in 5-year EFS for T-LBL patients who achieved CR and CRu at end of induction, 86.9%, and 69.7% ( P =0.034), respectively.Most events were observed as mediastinum enlargement before initiation of intensified maintenance therapy.

CONCLUSIONS: Our firstnationwide study provided about 80% cure rate with only one case of toxic death in childhood advanced LBL. However, our intensified maintenance therapy could not improve survival outcome. Our result also emphasize the significant difference between T-LBL stage 3 and stage 4 and might suggest the difference in ethnicity for the composition of biological subgroup in T-LBL.

THP: Pirarubicin

Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


The synthesis of silicon-based polymer films was studied by excimer laser (248 nm)-induced photo-reaction of phenylsilane and methyl-phenylsilane at reduced pressure. IR and UV–VIS results showed that the films were composed of Si–C network structures with phenyl rings. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


ABSTRACT In a bid to identify Chinese travelers that can be relied upon in the event of a significant disaster this paper examines the travel behavior of the Chinese tourism market following the 2011 Japan earthquake. The post-disaster travel behavior of 535 Chinese travelers who had existing plans to travel to Japan at the time of the earthquake is explored to reveal the characteristics of Chinese travelers who would still travel under such circumstances. This paper also identifies the characteristics and concerns of those who canceled their travel indefinitely. Relationships are explored between travel decision and variables such as past travel experience, trip purpose, image perception and demographic background in order to identify dependable tourist markets that can be relied on in the wake of a disaster. Practical implications for destination marketers reliant on this market and seeking to encourage visitation post-disaster are provided.


The search for the optimal variant of the structural ar-rangement of flat-screen separators by centrifugal-air sepa-rators with annular pneumatic separation ducts is a promis-ing direction in the development of new equipment. This will significantly improve the technological performance of grain cleaning plants. It may be considered a promising direction for such research. Therefore, it is necessary to look for new options for the layout of grain cleaning ma-chines to increase their technological efficiency. Several variants of technological schemes for the operation of ex-isting flat-sieve separators with a centrifugal-air separator with an annular pneumatic separation ducts are proposed. The technological process of the modernized grain clean-ing plant based on the A1-BIS-100 plantis described. The main parameters of the gravity transporting device are de-termined; they fully ensure the operability of the modern-ized plant.


Background: Adhesion of bacteria in eukaryotes or tissue surface requires two (2) factors, namely receptor and adhesin. Adhesin is the first bacterial molecule that contacts and invades the host. Bacterial adhesin depends on ligand interaction as the signaling mediator which influences the invasion and improvement of pro and anti inflammation due to the influence from the innate immune response receptor.On A.actinomycetemcomitans, some adhesins plays in the adhesion of bacteria on the epithelial cells with multifactorial nature. Purpose: This research aims to prove that A.actinomycetemcomitans adhesion proteins that have been obtained from the previous research can influence the amount of acute and chronic inflammatory cells in experimental animals (Wistar rat). Methods: Samples are divided into four groups of rat, each consisting of ten rats; the control group is induced withNaCl 0,9%, group 2,3 and 4 is the groups that are induced consecutively by adhesion protein, adhesion protein + A.actinomycetemcomitans and whole cellA.actinomycetemcomitanswhich are induced in gingival sulcus in experimental animals for seven (7) days. The counting of the number of acute and chronic inflammatory cells are performed by staining of Hematoxylin Eosin (HE). Result:This study shows an increase in the number of PMN and macrophages in the four treatment groups given to the experimental animals. Conclusion:This phenomenon shows that there is an antigen and immunogenic epitope of A.actinomycetemcomitansthat play a role in this condition.


This study has focused on the fold trains part of Iraq which lies north of Latitude 35 North, and they involve Cretaceous to Cenozoic sediments. These sediments consists mainly of limestone, dolomites, sandstone, claystone and conglomerates. It appears quite clear that the different mechanical competence of the lithologies involved during the folding control the style and the geometries of the investigated structures; the alternation of competent (laminated and massive dolomite and limestone) and incompetent (claystone, siltstone and shale) is easy detectable in structures as the Bina Bawi, Shaikan, Safeen anticline, with the heavy eroded incompetent lithologies (Kolosh and Gercus formations) among the competent limestone of the Pila Spi and Aqra Bekhme formations. . The interpretation is based on the integration of the available geological and geophysical subsurface data, stratigraphy and tectonic published information, present day stress field measurements and a new structural interpretation based on remote sensing techniques for all the anticlines in the high folded zone. The results highlight a very complex structural situation due both to the stress distribution and portioning (from Cretaceous to Neogene) and also to the sedimentological evolution.


In order to improve services to the community, the Directorate General of Immigration has utilized information technology in the form of a service information system for the community. The purpose of this study is to measure the quality of the information system for immigration services at the Tangerang Immigration Office according to ISO 9126. Collection method the data used is simple observation, interviews, and quantitative in the form of filling out questionnaires. The validity and reliability test uses SPSS 26. The results of this study indicate that the measurement of the quality of patient service information systems carried out with the ISO 9126 standard is obtained as follows: Functionality variable is 95%, Reliability variable is 90.7%, Usability variable is 90%, Variable the efficiency is 93%, the maintainability variable is 91% and the portability variable is 95.7%. And through the percentage of due diligence, it can be concluded that the use of the M-Passport application in immigration services for passport applicants at the Immigration Office Class I Non TPI Tangerang has fulfilled the ISO 9126 standard with the percentage obtained an average actual score of 91.99% or an average criterion "Very good".


The aim of this paper is to present an experimental procedure to measure yarn evenness in real-time using capacitive sensors; samples with several millimeters are analyzed, depending on the type of sensor used, to increase quality in production. The approach used allows a direct measurement in 1 mm range, allowing real-time actuation when faults or other parameters exceed the maximum acceptable value.


Purpose – This study aims to evaluate whether employees consider employer‐sponsored elder‐care programs to benefit aging family members and whether those programs help employees with caregiving needs, stay productively employed.Design/methodology/approach – A nationwide internet‐based survey was conducted between December 2008 and May 2009, eliciting information from 447 users of employer‐sponsored elder‐care services. Survey participants were employed individuals who had requested assistance from one of five national elder‐care service provider organizations (SPOs) during the preceding two years.Findings – A majority of respondents reported that the services helped them to keep working productively (74.0 percent), avoid job absences (65.5 percent), stay employed (58.0 percent), and maintain a good family life at home (72.1 percent). Respondents were generally satisfied with the services provided by SPOs. However, most respondents did not feel that the services help minimize caregiving expenses.Originalit...


It is a matter of great concern that abilities and potential of disabled persons have not yet been fully explored and tackled but practically, it is a great loss of human resources, which, if discovered, matured, appropriately channelized, and utilized, could add a new force to the progression of the society. In the present society, yoga is considered an important medical technique for developing the physical and mental functioning of an individual, especially of students with disabilities. It is one of the most important, effective, and valuable tools available for the students with disabilities to overcome their various physical and psychological problems such as anxiety, emotional instability, frustration, poor mental health, and so on. Yoga refers to the system of practices that help to control the mind, body, and soul. It is a holistic path that leads to a sense of peace and well-being. Through different poses (asanas), breathing technique (pranayama), and meditation (dhyana), yoga makes the practitioner aware of his inner self. It includes cultivation of correct attitudes and reconditioning of the neuromuscular systems. Yoga helps the whole body to enable it to withstand greater stress and strain. Yoga proposes healthy diet and encourages the natural process of elimination, whenever it is necessary. Yoga aims at an integrated and harmonious development of all the potentialities of human beings. Several studies have shown that the practice of yoga has a definite role in the promotion of positive health, including mental health. Setterlind (1983) found that regular practice of meditation and yoga brings a positive change in the well-being of the subjects. Swami (1994) and Rao (1995) established that the yogic practices are good and useful as they help not only to strengthen each organ and develop every muscle of the body but also to regulate the circulation of the blood, purify the lungs, inspire the mind to be more alert, and gives a feeling of well-being and harmonious development of human personality.Saraswat and Gaur (1981) described selfconcept as the individual's way of looking at oneself. It also signifies his way of thinking, feeling, and behaving. According to Mosby's Medical Dictionary (2009), self-concept is the composite of ideas, feelings, and attitudes that a person has about his or her own identity, worth, capabilities, and limitations. Such factors as the values and opinions of others, especially in the formative years of early childhood, play an important part in the development of the selfconcept. The self-concept of being inferior or unworthy develops adjustment problems for students with visual impairment. They suffer from the problem of self-devaluation because they are unable to satisfy many of their emotional and social needs. Mishra (2013) found that selfconcept, happiness, satisfaction, intellectual, and school status is better in sighted children as compared to visually challenged students. Due to their physical inadequacy, they face many psychological disadvantages , such as feeling of inferiority, fear of social ridicule, inability to compete with the sighted people, and limited social participation due to their visual impairment. This resultantly affects their self concept, their actions, abilities, potentialities and performance in all domains of life including school performance.Emotional maturity is considered one of the important aspects of human life. It is one of the effective determinants of the personality patterns. Walter D. Smitson (1976) said that an emotionally stable child has a capacity to make effective adjustments with himself, his family members, and his peers. Emotional maturity is a process in which the personality is continuously striving for greater sense of emotional health, both intrapsychically and intra-personally. An emotionally matured individual has the capacity to withstand delay in satisfaction of needs, capability to tolerate a reasonable amount of frustration, belief in long term planning and is able of delaying or revising his expectations in terms of demands of the situations. …


In the construction industry concrete materials has that exhibits the advantage of a high compressive strength at an affordable price, beside it has that present a disadvantage of brittle fracture such as not withstand the low impact on the tensile strength. Recently there is the impact safety concerns of building by terrorism and explosions are treated heavily. The way to correspond the high-performance fiber-reinforced cementitious composites(HPFRCC) has been emerging as an important measure. However the existing research of HPFRCC was about a single type of fiber as it has an advantage such as convenience in placing depend using one kind of fiber, but it also has a disadvantage of fluidity, sensitivity and toughness etc. in quality rather than using 2or more composite fiber mixture. In this study, HPFRCC consist of 3 species of the SL+SS+OL fibers combination to research analysis of various engineering characteristics in variable terms of fluidity, tensile strength etc. of W/B and fiber replacement ratio to suggest the best mixing ratio which can be used in partical. As a result in the case of a 3 species fiber combination of SL+SS+OL reviewed engineering characteristics of workability, compressive strength and tensile performance etc. the best result was when W/B is 25% with 2.0%of fiber combination replacement ratio.


According to the importance, traits and method of evaluation to choose media in the teaching activity of material evidence science, we should grasp the basic method of the important link of "teaching media selection" so as to alter from the root the mechanic, formative, and unitary situation popularly existing in the current application of teaching media.


Platelet homeostasis is essential for vascular integrity and immune defense. While the process of platelet formation by fragmenting megakaryocytes (thrombopoiesis) has been extensively studied, the cellular and molecular mechanisms required to constantly replenish the pool of megakaryocytes by their progenitor cells (megakaryopoiesis) remains unclear. Here we use intravital 2 photon microscopy to track individual megakaryopoiesis over days. We identify plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) as crucial bone marrow niche cells that regulate megakaryopoiesis. pDCs monitor the bone marrow for platelet-producing megakaryocytes and deliver IFN-α to the megakaryocytic niche to trigger local on-demand proliferation of megakaryocyte progenitors. This fine-tuned coordination between thrombopoiesis and megakaryopoiesis is crucial for megakaryocyte and platelet homeostasis in steady state and stress. However, uncontrolled pDC function within the megakaryocytic niche is detrimental. Accordingly, we show that pDCs activated by SARS-CoV2 drive inappropriate megakaryopoiesis associated with thrombotic complications. Together, we uncover a hitherto unknown megakaryocytic bone marrow niche maintained by the constitutive delivery of pDC-derived IFN-α.


The contemporary cafe's popularity and growth from the late twentieth century is unparalleled; it is tightly linked to profound social, cultural and technological change occurring in cities across the world. A visit to the cafe is an embodied, emplaced and sensual experience through which forms of social distinction and markers of taste are reproduced or challenged (Johnston & Baumann 2010).

'Having a coffee' is a ritual of everyday life for many, yet it is more than a latte or cappuccino that draws people to a cafe. It provides a "third space" (Oldenburg 1989), a place outside the home or work in which to meet, work or be alone. The cafe is an urban phenomenon, and its role is of increasing importance as cities grow in scale, diversity and density. This paper explores the tensions and contradictions inherent in contemporary global cafe culture. It investigates how cafe culture reproduces both techniques of inclusivity and exclusivity, its relationship to urban gentrification and belonging, and its role in the growth of global aesthetic and food cultures. The focus is mainly on specialty or independent cafes in which taste and an artisanal approach are paramount. The paper draws on ethnographic and qualitative research in cities in Australia, Asia and Europe.


Objective/Hypothesis: Nasal septal perforation is a common complication following surgery involving the nasal septum. Septoplasty, septorhinoplasty, and submucosal resection may result in the inadvertent resection of perichondrium, which may predispose the patient to septal perforations.


The selective C-C bond cleavage of mono- and bicyclic naphthenic molecules via catalytic ring opening plays a vital role in refining low-quality fossil oils and pyrolysis oils derived from municipal...


The study was planned to detect resistance levels of striped rice borers (Chilo suppressalis Walker) and green rice leafhoppers(Nephotettix cincticeps Uhler) from different localities to organophosphate and carbamate insecticides using topical application. Strains of overwintering striped rice borers were collected from 7 different areas in Gyeonggi Province and they were kept under conditions of about for 10 days. Overwintered and reared larvae of striped rice borers were compared for response to insecticides. The strains of green rice leafhopper were collected from Iri, Milyang, Pyongtaek, Echeon and Suweon. Insects were multiplied in the lab. All insecticides tested were organphosphates(MPP, MEP and Diazinon) and carbamate (NAC), which have been used in control of rice insect pests for over past 10 years. The results obtained were as follows; a. With MPP compound, resistant levels of the Joam, Suweon, and Echeon strains of C. suppressalis were from 2 to 4 times as compared with the Yangpyong strain. b. With MEP insecticide, resistant levels of the Kimpo, Pyongtaek, Yongin, Echeon, Suweon, and Joam strains of C. suppressalis were from 2 to 6 times as compared with the Yangpyong strain. c. With Diazinon, resistant levels of the Suweon strain of C. suppressalis were 3 times greater than the Yangpyong strain; but the resistant levels of Kimpo, Pyongtaek, Yongin, and Echeon strains approximated the later. 4. The overwintered larvae of C. suppressalis were more tolerant to the insecticides than the larvae reared in the lab. e. With MEP, resistant levels of the Iri, Milyang, and Pyongtaek strains of N. cincticeps to the Suweon strain showed 13, 8, 7 and4 times, respectively. f. With MPP, resistant levels of the Iri and Pyongtaek strains of N. cincticeps were 7 and 4 times as compared with the Suweon strain, respectively. g. With NAC, resistant levels of the several strains of if. cincticeps showed no difference, and seemed not to have developed resistance yet.


This article addresses the problem of control in documentary information retrieval systems. The nature of control in IR systems is analyzed and it is shown why an IR system has to be looked at as an adaptive system. The mechanism of feedback realizing system's adaptation to the user is described. The algorithms of feedback are proposed and it is shown how they depend on the type of the collection of documents: static (no change in the collection between searches) and dynamic (when the change occurs between searches). The proposed algorithms are the basis for the development of the fully automated information retrieval systems. © 1991 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


This paper studied the effects of carbon source types, carbon-nitrogen ratio, pH and salt concentration on the denitrification of Halomonas bacteria under high-salt conditions to optimize the denitrification performance of mixed Halomonas bacteria. When the initial carbon source is glucose, the carbon to nitrogen ratio is 5:1, the pH is 7.2, and the salt concentration is 30 g/L, the maximum denitrification rate of mixed bacteria is only 19.92%. By optimizing the carbon source, the nitrogen removal rate can reach 69.25% at 72 h, which is about 49% higher than that before optimization. Under the optimal conditions with trisodium citrate as the carbon source, the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio is 5:1, the pH is 8 and the salt concentration is 60 g/L, the denitrification rate of the mixed bacteria in the seawater matrix is higher than before optimization 282%. Carbon source, carbon-nitrogen ratio, pH and salt concentration will all affect the denitrification of Halomonas bacteria. By optimizing them, it can greatly improve the denitrification of Halomonas bacteria under seawater substrate conditions.


During visiting in Texas Southern University (TSU), the author has an opportunity to teach and evaluate programming course. With comparison teaching method in TSU and Shanghai Polytechnic University, we present an innovation that is combining course contents with its successors so as to deep understand in programming and preview relative courses. The process is driven by applications which are deduced from major successor courses and implemented by adding special topics in each key chapters. It will improve both students' skill in programming and learning in further courses.


Diastolic dysfunction has been increasingly recognised as a major factor in reduced exercise tolerance and symptoms of dyspnoea both in heart failure with reduced as well as with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF). It is now well established that at least one-half of the patients presenting with heart failure will have a normal left ventricular ejection fraction. Here we present a summery of the basic concepts for understanding the pathophysiology of HFPEF.


In the present paper, soil tillage under different moisture and dry bulk density is discussed. An experimental installation called soil-bin was used to perfo...


When Hindu nationalist (or Sangh Parivar) organizations in India came to power at the national level in 1998, one of the first things they did was to establish a National Curriculum Framework (NCF) to change textbook content. The 2000 NCF curriculum debate reflected the intense conflict between competing visions of national identity that had dominated India's public and political discourse over the previous two decades. In a significant departure from earlier curriculum frameworks of 1972 and 1986, which stressed democratic values, social justice, and national integration through appreciation of the commonalities of different subcultures, the principal focus of the NCF was "value education."1 The chief end of history, as of education as a whole, was presented as the development of a "national spirit" and "national consciousness" through generating pride in the younger generation regarding India's past and its unique "religio-philosophical ethos, which was presented as primarily Hindu." These actions were vociferously challenged by academics and progressive, secular, liberal, or left groups who decried the Sangh Parivar's ideological efforts to recast history. In the summer and fall months of 2005, U.S. "Hindu" Kamala Visweswaran is an associate professor of anthropology at the University of Texas, Austin. Culture&Society


ofMidnapur, West Bengal. The fifth paper(pp 238244) is on Biological Anthropology in which the author Vijay Kumar has discussed the distribution of A I, A2, BO blood groups and ABH secretion among the Brahmans and Raj puts of the Pauri Garhwal. The last paper (pp 245265) of this section as well as of the book is written jointly by Tilak Bagchi and Sarit Chaudhuri. They have searched the socio-economic profile of street divinators who are the faith winner of the people of all levels.


Various short and long memory annual streamflow generation models are described and applied to a set of Australian streams. Based on the results, a Markov model is recommended for streams having small Hurst coefficient while for moderate to large Hurst coefficients, a broken line model is satisfactory.


In this paper, we study the growth of thin films of the Mg1–xCdxO alloy in the Mg-rich range of compositions by using the metal organic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD) method at low pressure. X-ray diffraction (XRD) has been used to analyse the compound formation and the progressive incorporation of Cd2+ ions into the cubic MgO lattice. Both, layers with a single-cubic phase of Mg1–xCdxO and layers with a phase separation, where Cd1–xMgxO and Mg1–xCdxO coexist, have been studied. Finally, a morphological study of the layers has been carried out by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the layers' composition has been measured by energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). (© 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


This paper proposes a technique for improving the localization of areas of diabetic macular edema. This study is relevant because the incidence of serious eye diseases due to diabetic macular edema is only increasing among the world's population. The proposed method is graph-based image segmentation. Comparison of optical coherence tomography (OCT) data and retinal images is based on the search and comparison of special points on the original analyzed image and OCT analysis based on these images. Segmentation accuracy is improved by using specially selected parameters. Of these, the optimal parameters obtained in the course of the study made it possible to achieve a segmentation error of 2%.


We may be more informed by journalistic stereotypes than by facts about the population of the aged. While older people of the future may be better educated and more prosperous, many may also be more isolated and frail. Happy mythology to the contrary, a good many aged people presently lead a marginal existence. We can anticipate a much greater number of fragile, lonely people in future years. The authors argue that intervention requires an intentional ministry to the isolated elderly.


Wireless sensor networks find rapid deployment currently in various fields, especially in rare event detection. The major constraint for a wireless sensor node is its limited energy. The rare event should be monitored at periodic intervals and, at the same time, if detected, should be communicated within a specific period for further action. The sensor nodes should have an excellent long lifetime to periodically detect and transmit the sensed data to the base station or the sink node. There exists a protocol, namely the Statistical Data Collection Protocol, in which the lifetime of the sensor nodes is enhanced due to the lesser transmission of redundant data. Improved Statistical Data Collection Protocol is proposed in this paper, to further enhance the lifetime of sensor nodes, particularly the rare event detecting nodes. The simulation results show that the sensor nodes have enhanced lifetime from 9.08% to 25.23%, when compared to the Statistical Data Collection Protocol, with minimal detection delay.


The paper presents the results of study of the antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles when ingested, on the experimental model of peritonitis and meningoencephalitis in vivo. In conditions of the increasing resistance of bacteria to antibacterial drugs, the search of alternative means which will allow to effectively deal with clinically significant microorganisms, is relevant. Such tools are the nanoparticles of metals, particularly the silver nanoparticles. According to results of conducted research, they show quite a high antibacterial and antiviolence activity. The study prove that at intra-cerebral introduction of pathogenic strains of microorganisms (experimental meningoencephalitis), after per oral use of nanosilver – effect didn't observed; in the group of animals with intraperitoneal injection (experimental peritonitis) – the signs of inflammation of the peritoneum by microscopic examination didn't revealed.


In order to improve the precision of side tone range measuring and realize the range measuring process by software, one kind of three parametric model third-order software phase-locked loop (SPLL) is designed based on three parametric loop filter model and the predominant closed-loop poles theory, which can apply the parameter setting principles of the second-order phase-locked loop; this kind of third-order SPLL is realized through C++ language programming and used as the range measuring system's side tone phase-locked loop(PLL) to process the experiment data. The results indicates that the precision of phase measuring and capture time satisfy the system's index.


I suggest that the conventional assignment of quantum numbers to the observed charm and bottom baryons is not correct, as these assignments imply large violation of the heavy spin-flavor and light SU(3) symmetries. I propose an alternative interpretation of the observed states, in which the symmetries are preserved. If these novel assignments are right, there is a new state with mass approximately 2380MeV which decays to {Lambda}{sub {ital c}}+{gamma}, and another with mass approximately 5760MeV which decays to {Lambda}{sub {ital b}}+{gamma}. Although such states have not been seen, neither are they excluded by current analyses. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}


A deformable and defective semiconductor is described within a nonclassical thermodynamical model. The analysis of the entropy inequality is done with the help of Liu's theorem while the constitutive theory is formulated basing on isotropic polynomial representations of proper constitutive functions. The obtained results are applied to bulk and surface waves propagation in case of a coupled electronic-dislocation system.


Passive safety is a key issue for public acceptance of fusion power. Several studies in the European Safety and Environmental Assessment of Fusion Power (SEAFP) program intend to assess fusion safety and also to evaluate the feedback of the safety analysis on the design. In this paper, a novel passive cooling system for the SEAFP project in case of accidental situations is proposed, based upon an innovative design of the cryostat An accidental scenario has been studied, referred to as "total LOCA". There has been the evidence that the presence of the cryostat makes the reactor system practically adiabatic: this could lead to an increase of certain reactor component temperatures beyond the required reference levels, if no mitigating action is undertaken for a long while the accident. A new cryostat design is proposed to solve this problem. The results confirm that the proposed design solution can ensure the passive removal of the decay heat in the SEAFP fusion reactor, even in the "envelope" case of a total LOCA


This paper presents an enviroment to support the remote laboratorial of physics based on an eletronic circuit, and a software tool that controls the circuit, in order to enable the uses this model remotely, allowing to collects the necessary datas for the computes of system spring-mass in study, and to generate a report with all important measurement from a laboratorial pratice. The experiment is divided in two parts: The first part the student is submitted to a description the experiments, visualizing their equations and applications, that is done using a LO (Learning Object). The second part, the students will participate in the enviroment with real experiment, control the distance. The system sloping plan can be seen by a web cam. The experiment was controlled the distance remotely through the internet and it was shown appropriate, to be used inside of a proposal of laboratory of remote access with previous scheduling.


Melia azedarach belongs to the family Meliaceae, is a deciduous tree with a short bole and a spreading crown and one of the most important trees in arid and semi-arid area. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are soil microorganisms composing the essential components of the sustainable soil-plant system. These AMF form extensive extraradical mycelia which increases accessible soil volume for the plant to absorb phosphorus and water. The effect of three different species of Glomus (G. mosseae, G. intraradices and G. fasciculatum) of AM fungi inoculated with Melia azedarach drupes was observed in the nursery of the Forestry Department, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2019. The results revealed that application of three Glomus species in combination produced synergistic increase in soil macro and micro nutrient contents after harvest i.e. N = 119.86 kg ha-1, P = 16.91 kg ha-1, K = 260.86 kg ha-1, Fe = 5.95 ppm, Zn = 0.66 ppm, Cu =0.42 ppm and Mn = 1.63 ppm. Similarly, there was significantly higher macro and micronutrient (N = 1.39 %, P = 0.27 %, K = 0.63 %, Fe = 90.43 ppm, Zn = 32.24 ppm, Cu = 9.96 ppm and Mn = 31.28 ppm) concentrations in leaves after 180 days in the treatments when soil was inoculated with all three Glomus species. The seedlings uptake of macro and micronutrient was also found highest when three Glomus species were inoculated artificially and simultaneously in soil. Inoculation of the AM fungi improved soil fertility, nutrient content and uptake in Melia azedarach.


Faster detection of faults, can lead to better and more efficient control of power system against cascading failures triggered by the faults. This article presents a novel detection algorithm using statistical methods for the detection of events that lead to FIDVR. Furthermore we show that the algorithm is computationally efficient and quick enough to provide the control inputs to an UVLS scheme using in-feed PMU data. Thus, it is ensured that the minimal level of load to be shed is determined on-the-fly as the event develops.


The following article embodies the results of researches made by the writer at the supposed site of the Sanctuary of Poseidon at the Isthmus and of the Isthmian games. Two short campaigns of excavation upon a very small scale were made in 1932 and 1933, in the course of which many areas were tested. Mr. H. Megaw has rendered invaluable assistance by making a revised and accurate plan of Justinian's fort (the so-called temenos) and a new plan of the district which includes all the areas in which trials were made; the section dealing with the fortifications (pp. 69–79) is also his work. The writer's thanks are also due to Mr. E. J. A. Kenny, who assisted in the preparation of the western section of the large plan; fig. 9 is based on a large-scale plan also by him. A short notice of the operations undertaken in 1932 appeared in J.H.S. 52, 244, but at least one suggestion made in it has now to be abandoned in the light of the fresh evidence secured in 1933.


1 Experimental work was carried out with facilities of this Laboratory 2 GHANA AGRO FOOD COMPANY LTD (GAFCO) P.O. Box 11345, Tema, Ghana 1Lab. of Poultry Sciences1, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lome, Lome, Togo 2Lab. of Pharmacology of Natural Substances, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lome, Lome, Togo 3Lab. for Physiology, Immunology and Genetics of Domestic Animals, Department of Biosystems, K.U. Leuven, Belgium Manuskript eingegangen am 25. Februar 2009, angenommen am 7. April 2009


The basic physical principle of a Modified Hopkinson Bar (MHB) Apparatus for testing rock specimens at high strain rate in tension and compression is presented. The MHB has been provided with a pulse shaper needed for an accurate dynamic testing at constant strain rate both during the elastic deformation phase and the strain hardening phase of the dynamic stress-strain curve; definitions of strain rate and of the record analysis methodology for an accurate determination of the dynamic stress-strain curves are discussed. A version of the MHB has been presented for the study of the effects of confinement on the dynamic stress-strain curves of rock materials. Some versions of the MHB for field measurements of dynamic mechanical properties of rocks are proposed.


Existing governmental and criminological research typically links insurance to the rise and spread of neoliberalism and thus the decline of the welfare state. The criminalization of welfare and the ...


The paper presents different designs of directive antennas using electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structures. The EBGs consist of periodic structures of metallic wires. Periodic structures in Cartesian, cylindrical and elliptical coordinates are considered. Experimental results of antennas using these different geometries and a monopole as an excitation source are presented, and their performances are compared.


Objective To explore the relationship between time perspective and psychosomatic health and to provide reference for novel health intervention model based on time psychology.Methods A self-report data was implemented with questionnaire survey including self-report health behaviors,ZTPI,SAS,SDS,GSES among 155 undergraduates who chose Healthy Lifestyle and Health Communication as an elective course.Descriptive,univariate and regression analysis were recruited for data analysis.Results There was a significantly positive association between future time perspective and healthy behaviors,the willingness to change dietary/physical activity habits as well as positive psychological status,while there was a negative association between hedonistic time perspective and health risk behavior as well as anxiety and distress.Conclusion Time perspective plays an important role in predicting physical and psychological health.The intervention based on time psychology probably will be a novel model to promote health via improving time perspective and strengthening time management ability.


The invention relates to a method utilizing titanium white waste acid to prepare electrolytic manganese metal, belonging to the field of metallurgical chemistry. The technical problem that the invention aims at solving is to provide the method with lower production cost for utilizing the titanium white waste acid to prepare the electrolytic manganese metal. The steps of the method are as follows: a. leaching: manganese ore containing manganese dioxide, pyrite ore and the titanium white waste acid are reacted in a reaction container after being heated to the temperature of 90 to 100 DEG C, water in proper quantity is added to make up for the evaporated quantity of water in the reaction process, CaCO3 is added when the pH value of solution is within 1.5 to 2 so as to neutralize the pH value of the solution to 4.8 to 5.2, and then ammonia water is added to adjust the pH value to 6.2 to 6.4; b. filtering: a reaction product of step a is filtered to obtain filtering solution and filtering residues; c. purifying and removing of heavy metal: sulfide salt is added to the filtering solution obtained in step b so as to remove the heavy metal, and the filtering solution is simply filtered and then filtered in a fine manner after being stewed for 24 to 48 hours so as to obtain the filtering solution that meets the electrolytic requirement; d. electrolyzing: the manganese metal and waste electrolytic solution namely anode solution containing sulfuric acid are obtained.


Objective To study the field effects and effective duration of cypermethrin congfected by chitosan against fly and mosquito.Methods After all preparations were applied to experimental field,the density's changes of fly and mosquito were observed periodically,and relative population index and mortality rate were used to eveluate the effects.Results The cypermethrin preparation could control pests for 2 months,but the effective duration of cypermethrin confected by chitosan was more than 3 months.Conclusion The study proved that chitosan could control the release of cypermethrin.


In this paper, we describe the process of computer-simulated radiation scattering and its use when predicting the result of an actual experiment. The principle of discrete dipole approximation is shortly explained and its runtime is measured in order to determine the size of input we are able to process while keeping simulations interactive. We discuss viable approaches to 3D modeling for this application as well as suitable methods for data representation.


We show that for an m-qubit quantum system, there is a ball of radius asymptotically approaching {kappa}2{sup -{gamma}}{sup m} in Frobenius norm, centered at the identity matrix, of separable (unentangled) positive semidefinite matrices, for an exponent {gamma}=0.5(ln 3/ln 2-1){approx_equal}0.292 481 25 much smaller in magnitude than the best previously known exponent, from our earlier work, of 1/2. For normalized m-qubit states, we get a separable ball of radius {radical}(3{sup m+1}/(3{sup m}+3))x2{sup -(1+{gamma}}{sup )m}{identical_to}{radical}(3{sup m+1}/(3{sup m}+3))x6{sup -m/2} (note that {kappa}={radical}(3)), compared to the previous 2x2{sup -3m/2}. This implies that with parameters realistic for current experiments, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) with standard pseudopure-state preparation techniques can access only unentangled states if 36 qubits or fewer are used (compared to 23 qubits via our earlier results). We also obtain an improved exponent for m-partite systems of fixed local dimension d{sub 0}, although approaching our earlier exponent as d{sub 0}{yields}{infinity}.


Relationships were examined between birth order and family environment for children from different ethnic groups. Data were collected from 820 11-yr.-olds and their parents from Anglo-, Greek-, and Italian-Australian families. The findings indicated that there were modest significant relations between birth order and measures of parents' aspirations, parental involvement, and parenting style and that the linear and curvilinear nature of the associations differed among ethnic groups.


Documentary Appendix: Declaration of the Constitutent Assembly of the Russian Christian Democratic Movement (RCDM) The Fundamental Principles of the Political Programme of the Russian Christian Democratic Movement Statutes of the Russian Christian Democratic Movement Speech at the First Congress of People's Deputies of the RSFSR The Situation in Our Country (a Resolution of the RCDM Duma) The Duma of the RCDM Appeals to Its Regional Organisations Russian Christian Democracy from a Regional Perspective: The Case of St Petersburg ROANNE THOMAS EOWARDS


Abstract In this paper we present a combined experimental and theoretical study of misfit dislocations in metal‐ceramic interfaces. The goal is to reveal the atomic structure of the cores of misfit dislocations and relate it to the bonding strength between the two materials. Two interfaces in the niobium-sapphire system corresponding to different interface planes between the Nb and Al2O3 crystals, (0110)Al2O3|(112)Nb and (0001)al2O3 |(111)Nb, have been investigated. Misfit dislocations were observed to be present in Nb with no stand-off away from the interface, and their cores were investigated using high resolution electron microscopy. Atomistic studies of these misfit dislocations have been carried out using a very simplified model for both the ceramic crystal and the atomic interactions across the interface. A good agreement between the calculated and observed core structures has been attained for certain values of the cohesive strength across the interface and the results are discussed in terms of est...


The modified Kozeny-Carman equation K{sub sat} = B{Phi}{sub e}n is used to relate soil saturated hydraulic conductivity K{sub sat} to effective porosity {Phi}{sub e}. However, different values of the coefficient B and the exponent n are found in different data sets. Their objective was to find out whether and how B and n are related to Brooks-Corey's air entry pressure h{sub b} and pore distribution index {lambda}. The Southern Region soil hydrologic database of about 500 samples was explored. All soils had both silt and clay content < 70%. Neural networks were used to relate B and n to h{sub b} and {lambda}, and a genetic algorithm was applied to find weights in neural networks. Dependencies of B and n on h{sub b} and {lambda} had similar shapes. Values of B and n were almost constant for values of {lambda} greater than 1 and were close to 2.6 x 10{sup {minus}3} m s{sup {minus}1} and 2.5, respectively. As the values of {lambda} decreased from 1 to 0, values of B and n decreased. The larger the air-entry pressure, the steeper was the decrease in B and n.


【Objective】To investigate the diagnostic value of procalcitonin(PCT) levels as an early indicator of pulmonary infection in stroke patients.【Methods】Thirty patients with acute ischemic stroke were admitted in the intensive care unit because of severe brain injury or multiple organ dysfunction.Patients were divided into two groups: pulmonary infection and non-infection,according to their clinical symptoms and laboratory examinations.PCT、CRP and WBC levels were detected at admission,3 and 7 days after admission respectively.Sputum culture and chest X ray were also examined simultaneously.APACHE(Acute Physiology,Age,Chronic Health Evaluation) II score and survival were evaluated over a period of 28 days.【Results】PCT was significantly higher in pulmonary infection group as compared with the noninfection group.The sensitivity(97%),specificity(91.7%) and positive predictive values(82.1%)of PCT were much higher than those of CRP and WBC.Higher APACHEII score levels were associated with significantly higher PCT plasma concentrations,whereas CRP was elevated irrespective of the scores observed.PCT value of non-survival patients was higher than that of survivors.【Conclusion】 PCT can be used as a predictive marker of infection in stroke patients.It provides more information about the severity and the course of the disease.


It's a key problem to disassemblecouple a software of realtime into the process of elementary devices and make it abstract. This articlepresents the research into this problem.


Objective: Young adult cancer survivors living in rural areas have reported barriers to participating in health behaviours due to their geographical location and the developmental milestones associated with their age. Existing health behaviour change interventions have generally been delivered face-to-face and have not been tailored to the preferences of young adults living in rural areas, thus not adequately addressing the needs of this population. To address these limitations, this trial aims to examine the feasibility and acceptability of a 12-week telehealth intervention drawing on self-determination theory to promote physical activity participation and fruit and vegetable consumption. Design: The intervention will be tested with young adults who are between the ages of 20 and 39 years, have completed primary treatment, live in an area with fewer than 35,000 inhabitants, are not currently meeting physical activity and fruit and vegetable consumption guidelines, have access to the Internet and audio-visual devices, are ambulatory and are able and willing to provide informed consent. The target sample size is 15. Method: Feasibility data will be collected by recording recommended outcomes throughout the trial. Additional feasibility data as well as acceptability data will be collected using an online questionnaire administered pre- and post-intervention and a semi-structured interview. Results: Results may inform the design and implementation of supportive care services for young adults, and potentially other adults living in rural areas who experience similar barriers to participating in health-promoting behaviours. Conclusion: This trial is one of the first to explore the feasibility and acceptability of a theory-based telehealth behaviour change intervention targeting young adult cancer survivors living in rural areas in order to mitigate the disease burden.


Resistive random access memory (RRAM) is one of the most promising emerging nonvolatile memory candidates for the future application as high-density memory and also for neuromorphic computing. Here, we show the fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) emerging RRAM devices based on the TiOx/Al2O3 bilayer design. The devices are showing good resistive switching performances after going through the initial forming process. All devices of the 3D stack are able to execute symmetrical switching behavior. Moreover, the devices are showing continuous synaptic characteristics based on the pulse dependent measurements. All of the observed phenomena are showing the possibility of using the TiOx/Al2O3 bilayer RRAM devices for the high-density and neuromorphic applications.


A COMPARATIVE STUDY WITH EIGHT DIFFERENT DYNAMICAL GROUP TECHNIQUES (DGT) WAS CONDUCTED AMONG 96 MEDICAL STUDENTS. THEY ATTENDED THE PARASITOLOGY CLASS DURING THE SECOND YEAR OF THE MEDICAL CAREER AT THE FACULTY OF MEDICINE AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES OF THE MICHOACAN STATE UNIVERSITY IN MORELIA MICHOACAN, MEXICO. THE OBJECTIVES WERE TO COMPARE THE TDG AND TO ACKNOWLEDGE THE PERCEPTION OF THE STUDENTS. THROUGH THE ADAPTATION OF A SCALE LIKERT TYPE FOR MEASUREMENT OF ATTITUDES, WE DETECTED THE MOST PREFERENTIAL ANSWERS TO STUDY CASES, SEMINAR, MENTAL MAPS, PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING AND STAGING SIMULATION. WE DISCUSS THE PREFERENCES OF THE STUDENTS AND THE FUNCTION OF THE CONTEXT IN ORDER TO GIVE JUDGMENT ON THE EFFICIENCY OF THE DGT. AMONG THE CONCLUSIONS, WE MENTIONED THE SATISFACTION TO WHICH THEY GAVE ACCOUNT, THE TRANSCENDENCE OF THE TEACHER WORK NOT ONLY IN THE CLASSROOM BUT OUTSIDE OF IT, AND THE IMPORTANCE OF THE ADAPTATIONS OF THE DGT TO CONTRIBUTE ON THE CHANGE OF THE TEACHING PARADIGM WHICH HAS PREVAILED AT THE HIGH EDUCATIONAL LEVEL.


Vladimir Petukhov - Head of the Department for the Analysis of Public Opinion Dynamics, Institute of Sociology, Russian Academy of Sciences. Address: Bldg. 5, 24/35, Krzhizhanovskii St., Moscow, 117218, Russian Federation. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com society has undergone significant changes in the past 15-20 years. This change has affected the world perception of Russians, who now face challenges and problems that are completely different from what they had at the turn of the century. This became clear at the end of 2008 and the beginning of 2009, not only because of the crisis, but also the deterioration of many forms and methods of social organization of life, the degradation of democratic institutions, and the reduction in social mobility rates and political activity of Russians.This article is based on studies done at the Institute of Sociology in the Russian Academy of Sciences, and at other sociological centers. It is devoted to the analysis of the dynamics of social attitudes at this breaking stage in the history of Russia with its particular possibilities and threats.


Distance education is an important trend of education development in the 21st century. However, the design of the platform framework is influential to the performance of education evaluation. To obtain a better performance for the interactive distance education platform, this paper will focus on the design and implementation of Internet-based distance education software, and present analysis to one of the key technologies.


Sound‐pressure levels at a distance of 50 cm from a calling frog have been measured as high as 90‐110 dB SPL, depending on the species. Two puzzling aspects of this observation are if and how a vocalizing frog protects himself from acoustic overstimulation during his own calling. In this study, it was asked, what is the velocity or displacement of the eardrum during the frog's own vocalization? A calling male tree frog, E. coqui, was located on a tree trunk or other solid substrate in his natural habitat. A He‐Ne laser Doppler vibrometer was located 18.2 cm from the animal and aimed at the tympanum. It is demonstrated that both call notes "appear" on the frog's eardrums when he vocalizes. However, the mean vibration amplitude in response to a male's call is not significantly different than that caused by a free‐field stimulus presented at moderate levels for the "Co" note (1 kHz), and lower than that caused by a free‐field stimulus presented at moderate levels for the "Qui" note (2 kHz). [Work supported b...


A novel laser-assisted technology for the additive fabrication of microelectronic circuits on three-dimensional polymer substrates (Molded Interconnect Devices, 3-D MID) has been developed. Advantages of the ADDIMID-approach are: a very short process chain, no etchants, no coatings (important on 3D substrates), industry-proven laser technology (diode-pumped Nd:YAG) and high writing velocity (greater than 600 mm/s). An essential component of the process is a special composite substrate material. The material consists of a polymer matrix containing finely dispersed microcapsules. The microcapsules are fabricated by coating micron-scaled copper powder with nano-scaled SiO2. The SiO2 coating provides electrical insulation of the copper particles and promotes adhesion to the polymer matrix. The microcapsules are mixed with a thermoplastic base material to form a granulate. Polymer substrates are produced by injection-molding. A laser direct-write process with galvanometric beam deflection is used to generate the circuit pattern. The laser uncovers the microcapsules and removes the SiO2 coating. Metallic copper is exposed in the processed surface regions. The exposed copper acts as catalytic nucleation site. The circuitry is then formed by chemical copper-plating. This paper presents experimental investigations on direct writing with a CO2- and a diode-pumped Nd:YAG-laser. Effects of variations in focus position, writing velocity, and pulse frequency are described and specified with regard to their impact on the quality of the circuit patterns. A phenomenological model of the laser direct-write process is outlined.


The effects of hot water treatment and/or β-aminobutyric acid(BABA) treatment on the incidence of blue mold rot disease in postharvest apple fruits were studied.Combined hot water and BABA treatment conditions were also optimized by orthogonal array design.The results showed that hot water and BABA treatment alone could effectively reduce lesion diameter of apple inoculated with Penicillium expansum.The lesion diameters of apple fruits treated with 45 ℃ hot water alone for 8 min and with 50 mmol/L BABA alone for 5 min were 82.86% and 80.76%,respectively,when compared with the control.In addition,the combined order of hot water and BABA had no significant effect on disease control;however,the interval time had an obvious effect on disease control.The optimal conditions for combined hot water and BABA treatment were hot water treatment at 45 ℃ for 6 min and then 50 mmol/L BABA treatment for 5 min with an interval of 10 min.Validation experiments also indicated that combined treatment with hot water and BABA can effectively shorten duration time of heat treatment and significantly improve disease control capability for blue mold rot in postharvest apple fruits.


We propose a newly renovated mobile robot PEOPLER-II (Perpendicularly Oriented Planetary Legged Robot), and addresses its motion analysis for switching its locomotion from leg-type to wheel-type and vice versa. For the leg-type locomotion, particularly in a transitional state of sitting or standing, we propose a control method based on minimization of the total energy cost using the distribution of the motor power payload in the hip and knee joints, in addition to the method of keeping the same payload factor. Also, we discuss robot configurations for switching between the two locomotion types by considering environmental factors such as walking gaits, ground inclination angle and robot's traveling direction. Knee joint position of a pivotal foot determines knee ahead and knee behind gaits. In each switch, we check such characteristics as the hip joint rotation direction, robot center trajectory, and necessary total power in a practical point of use. Then we build three beneficial switching cycles aiming for moderate use of a motor, rider's comfort, and power saving. Finally, we demonstrate the switching by considering the aim and verify that the results of the analysis become useful for enabling switching on demand.


stronger than the latter result-the sums approximating ffd,z converge to Tfx in the norm topology of H, as well as in the weak. For f e e we define a spectral measure on the Borel subsets of the complex plane by v(U) = M(f'-(U)). It is easy to check that for U open v(U) is the strong limit of the measures of compact,subsets of U, so that v is regular. Moreover, ff(p)dup = fZdvZ, for' one may verify that the approximating sums are identical. Hence, T, = fZdvZ for f e e, and Tfx = fZdp'Z for f e C6, where v2(U) = v(U) (x). * Presented, in part, to the International Congress of Mathematicians, September, 1950. This work was in part done under contract N7-onr-434 Task Order III, Navy Department, the Office of Naval Research. t It is precisely this point at which the requirement that Y be metric, seems essential. If Y is not metric, but compact Hausdorff, a modification of the argument given here shows that f = g save on a set S with the property: if p is any pseudometric on X, then S is of first category with respect to the topology given by p. ' Stone, M. H., "A General Theory of Spectra I," PRoC. NATL. ACAD. ScI., 26, 280283 (1940). 2 Yosida, K., "Normed Rings and Spectral Theorems," Proc. Imp. Acad. Tokyo, 19, 356-359 (1943). 3 Stone, M. H., "Boundedness Properties in Function Lattices," Can. J. Math., 1, 176-186 (1949). 4 Bochner, S., and Ky Fan, "Distributive Order-Preserving Operations in Partially Ordered Vector Sets," Ann. Math., 48 (2), 168-179 (1947). 6 Halmos, P. R., "Commutativity and Spectral Properties of Normal Operators," Acta Sci. Math. Szeged, 12, 153-156 (1950). 6 Gelfand, I. M., and Neumark, M. A., "On the Embedding of Normed Rings into the Ring of Operators in Hilbert Space," Rec. Math. Moscou, 12, 197-213 (1943).


Recent years have witnessed a renewal of interest in estimating the mode and in related multivariate mapping problems. In part, this renaisance may be attributed to the Phillosopoicdi Success of nonparametrics in challenging the dominant (Fisherian) parametric world-view. But the main reason is the recent advent of powerful mathematical tools and computational machinery that render these problems much more tractable. In surveying the mode, this paper has several objectives: (1) to place the development of modal estimation in historical perspective, noting the statistical currents that stimulated and retarded its progress; (2) to present all the methods for estimating the mode that have been studied in the literature; (3) to summarize the mathematical results, including consistency and asymptotic distributions; (4) to evaluate critically the extant simulation studies; (5) to note areas of cross-fertilization with other disciplines and with other areas of statistics, such as density estimation, cartography,...


Abstract An enantioselective ring opening of meso -epoxides with tetrachlorosilane in the presence of diisopropylethylamine exploiting chiral bipyridine N , N ′-dioxides as catalysts affords the corresponding chlorohydrins in high enantioselectivities of up to 90% ee.


Faults and disturbances in chemical process plants provide great challenges to maintenance staff in terms of the time and expenditure spent on trying to locate the root causes. Due to the complex connection of units within any plant and the numerous loops that may be present, the process of managing these faults is a large task and it is a challenge to pin-point exactly the location of the root disturbance. Recent methods and tools have focused on the use of data from the plant in question. However, it is important to note that the physical connectivity of the components within the plant also plays a significant role in the propagation of disturbances. A separate strand of work in the literature has used causal maps and digraphs of the process successfully in fault isolation. Any method alone may succeed in creating a number of spurious solutions. By combining two or more different methods, it is possible to reduce the number of spurious solutions. This article utilizes connectivity information and a data-driven analysis that is able to indicate causal relationships between the measurements in the process in order to generate and test hypotheses about the root cause.


In this review, traditional and novel techniques for producing micro- and nano- fibers are discussed and various nanofillers, their modifications and polypropylene (PP) functionalization routes are presented. Their influence on PP properties is discussed and new PP composite fiber applications are presented. This review reveals interesting conclusions, such as that in terms of mechanical reinforcement, there is no nano-filler that can improve tensile strength to the extent that it is improved by drawing. However, in some cases, composite drawn fibers are characterized by higher tensile strength than drawn neat PP. With some notable exceptions, the PP nanocomposites lack of "dramatic" properties improvement is mainly due to the non-polar nature of the hydrocarbon chain, which does not favor strong intermolecular interactions with most popular (mainly inorganic) nano-fillers. However, other properties such as electric conductivity, water contact angle and others can be effectively altered using various nanofillers in PP matrices.


Radio occultation (RO) bending angle and impact parameter values are derived from a Doppler shift measurement, assuming spherical symmetry. The purpose of this work is to illustrate the errors that arise when this assumption is not valid. Doppler shift values have been simulated for ray paths through a three-dimensional refractive index field derived from a mesoscale model forecast, which has a horizontal grid of 12 km by 12 km, and includes water vapor. These have then been inverted, making the spherical symmetry assumption. It is demonstrated that refractive index gradients perpendicular to the ray path can cause errors in both the bending angle and impact parameter values, but the latter is the more significant. It is shown that the impact parameter value at the tangent point can differ by around ∼ 100 m from the derived value. This can cause an effective bending angle error exceeding ∼ 10% near the surface. A statistical analysis of the errors caused by horizontal gradients for simulations through 54 mesoscale forecasts, using fixed spacecraft trajectories and tangent point locations, is presented. In general, the bending angle errors are found to be ∼ 3% near the surface. A new set of analytical expressions for errors has been derived. These are based on integrating the horizontal gradients along the ray path and are found to be in good agreement with the simulation results. The implications of this work for the assimilation of RO data into numerical weather prediction models are discussed and areas of future work are outlined.


A complex structural association, the frontal zone, was mapped along the eastern edge of the presently preserved Lewis thrust sheet in southeastern Glacier National Park, Montana. This structural association was developed by multiple episodes of faulting and folding. In contrast to most structures in the Lewis thrust sheet, structures in the frontal zone are truncated by the un-derlying Lewis thrust, suggesting that the evolution of the frontal zone predates the Lewis thrust in the study area. Although the absolute age for the development of the frontal zone is not known, the trends of folds and faults are compatible kinematically with structures related to evolution of the Lewis thrust system, suggesting the zone was related to emplacement of the Lewis thrust sheet. Kinematic reconstruction of the frontal zone indicates that its formation was characterized by (I) conjugate contraction faulting, (2) west-directed, bedding-parallel faulting, and (3) top-to-the-east simple shear that rotated primary, east-dipping contraction faults to apparent west-dip-ping normal faults.


Land surface albedo is a key parameter in regulating surface radiation budgets. The gridded remote sensing albedo product often represents information concerning an area larger than the nominal spatial resolution because of the large viewing angles of the observations. It is essential to quantify the spatial representativeness of remote sensing products to better guide the sampling strategy in field experiments and match products from different sources. This study quantifies the spatial representativeness of the MODerate Resolution Image Spectroradiometer (MODIS) (collection V006) 500 m daily albedo product (MCD43A3) using the high-resolution product as intermediate data for different land cover types. A total of 1820 paired high-resolution Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and coarse-resolution (MODIS) albedo data from five land cover types were used. The TM albedo data was used as the spatial-complete high resolution data to evaluate the spatial representativeness of the MODIS albedo product. Semivarioagrams were estimated from 30 m Landsat data at different spatial scales. Surface heterogeneity was evaluated with sill value and relative coefficient of variation. The 30 m Landsat albedo data was aggregated to 450 m–1800 m using two different methods and compared with MODIS albedo product. The spatial representativeness of MODIS albedo product was determined according to the surface heterogeneity and the consistency of MODIS data and the aggregated TM value. Results indicated that for evergreen broadleaf forests, deciduous broadleaf forests, open shrub lands, woody savannas and grasslands, the MODIS 500 m daily albedo product represents a spatial scale of approximately 630 m. For mixed forests and croplands, the representative spatial scale was approximately 690 m. The difference obtained was primarily because of the complexity of the landscape structure. For mixed forests and croplands, the structure of the landscape was relatively complex due to the presence of different forest and plant types in the pixel area, whereas the other landscape structures were considerably simpler.


Educational assessments and credentialing examinations are often used today to classify examinees into ordered performance categories such as masters and non-masters, or Advanced, Proficient, Basic, and Below Basic. These performance categories are typically defined with respect to a well-defined domain of content and skills. The domain of content and skills for educational assessments may be the product of collaboration among curriculum specialists, teachers, and policymakers; and for credentialing examinations, may come from the findings of a job analysis or role delineation study. Performance categories rather than the test scores themselves will sometimes be a more meaningful way to communicate test results. For example, with National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) score reporting, the significance of a change in the average mathematics score of 2 points between 1992 and 1996 for a group of examinees may not be understood, and the meaning of the two-point difference may be difficult to communicate clearly. The percentage of examinees performing at the Proficient level increased from 30% to 35% in the interval between the two administrations of the assessment may be a more meaningful way to report the results, assuming, of course, that the meaning of proficient level performance has been clearly articulated.


Applying a new mathematical model of partially coherent flat-topped beam,the cross-spectral density of which can be expressed as finite series of the cross-spectral density of partially coherent Gaussian-Schell model beans with different parameters,the propagation properties of partially coherent flat-topped beam passing through astigmatic lens are calculated and illustrated.The results show that the intensity distribution of partially coherent flat-topped beam passing through astigmatic lens occurs shows two different peaks at two focusing planes and the evolution of the peaks is closely related to the order and the coherence of partially coherent flat-topped beam.


1 Is Whitehead a Pragmatist? On the Pragmatic Elements in Whitehead's Metaphysics, William T. Myers 2 Ultimate Good Sense: Whitehead's Ontological Fallibilism, George Allan 3 Whitehead's Pragmatic Epistemology, Joseph D. John 4 Prefiguring Whitehead: Reading Jamesian Pragmatism with Stengers and Latour, Steven Meyer 5 Whitehead's Speculative Contribution to Praxis: Praxis and American Philosophy, Thomas M. Jeannot 6 Contingency All the Way Down: Whitehead Among the Pragmatists, Nancy Frankenberry 7 Whitehead's "Rescue" of American Anti-Intellectualism: The Question of Pragmatism, Scott Sinclair 8 Surprise, Event, and the Problem of Novelty: A Comparison Between C. S. Peirce and A. N. Whitehead, Maria Regina Brioschi 9 Creative Love: Eros and Agape in Peirce and Whitehead, Brian G. Henning 10 DNA: A Process View, Michael Brady 11 The Habit of Art: Whitehead, Aesthetics, and Pragmatism, Nicholas Gaskill 12 A Pragmatic Interpretation of Whitehead's Analysis of Religious Experience, Eleonora Mingarelli 13 Transition, Transmutation, and Transfiguration: Notes for a Poetics of Experience, Vincent Colapietro 14 Feeling Forming Forward: Ecstasis and Experience in Process-Pragmatic Perspective, Jude Jones


Objective To investigate effects of PDGF on phenotypic change of glomerular mesangial cells(MC), and study intracellular mechanisms through mitogen-activated- protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. Methods After stimulation with PDGF, cell proliferation and expression of α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) were detected in cultured rat MC. Expression of α-SMA and activity of JNK, which may be a intracellular signaling event in cell differentiation, was measured with or without antagonist of MEK-1. Then MC was stably transfected with constitutively active Raf-l (BxB Raf). Phenotypic differences including expression of α-SMA and cell morphology between Raf-l transfectants and normal cells were assessed. Results PDGF stimulated MC proliferation from 24 to 120 hours. Expression of α-SMA was enhanced from 6 to 48 hours stimulation, but was inhibited about 50% after 72 hours stimulation. PDGF did not influence JNK activity. PDGF-induced level of JNK activity and enhanced expression of α-SMA were not influenced by treatment with MEK-1 antagonist PD98059. In the BxB-Raf expressing MC with a constitutively elevated ERK activity, JNK activity decreased by 50% and expression of α-SMA was completely absent. Less detectable microfilaments and morphologic change were found in these cells. Conclusions PDGF stimulates cell proliferation, promotes expression of α-SMA at a short period but inhibits it at persistent stimulation. PDGF regulates not only MC proliferation but also their differentiation process. These effects appear to be regulated by MAPK signaling pathways, in which activation of Raf-1 and JNK may be the critical events.


Brylawski's tensor product formula expresses the Tutte polynomial of the tensor product of two graphs in terms of Tutte polynomials arising from the tensor factors. We are concerned with extensions of Brylawski's tensor product formula to the Bollobas-Riordan and transition polynomials of graphs embedded in surfaces. We give a tensor product formula for the multimatroid transition polynomial and show that Brylawski's formula and its topological analogues arise as specialisations of this more general result.


Public ownership of the means of production creates the possibility of planned development of the national economy, of scientific prediction and quantitative determination of the forthcoming changes in the scale and pattern of social production. Practical use of this possibility in the USSR and other socialist countries is an enormous achievement of Marxist-Leninist economic science.


The scalar‐on‐function regression model has become a popular analysis tool to explore the relationship between a scalar response and multiple functional predictors. Most of the existing approaches to estimate this model are based on the least‐squares estimator, which can be seriously affected by outliers in empirical datasets. When outliers are present in the data, it is known that the least‐squares‐based estimates may not be reliable. This paper proposes a robust functional partial least squares method, allowing a robust estimate of the regression coefficients in a scalar‐on‐multiple‐function regression model. In our method, the functional partial least squares components are computed via the partial robust M‐regression. The predictive performance of the proposed method is evaluated using several Monte Carlo experiments and two chemometric datasets: glucose concentration spectrometric data and sugar process data. The results produced by the proposed method are compared favorably with some of the classical functional or multivariate partial least squares and functional principal component analysis methods.


The subtitle-'use and evaluation'-of the first 1971 version of this book was clear about its aims: It was the first national survey, taken in 1966, on exposure to and use of the press, radio and television. Views on fairness, performance and the amount of attention given were also surveyed. The second edition is a new book and should have had a different title. Part I repeats, in 1979, the 1966 survey, though with a slightly smaller sample, fewer questions (money was short) and some unfortunate gaps due to technical slips. Very few national surveys are regularly repeated. While one would have liked to see use of Don Aitkin's repeated media data, even those who lack sympathy for the shape of the questions or the underlying assumptions should be grateful for this effort. Part II has two case studies in press coverage-Gorton's deposition and the 1979 Murdoch take-over bid for the Melbourne Herald. A chapter deals with the geographical sources of news. The most interesting survey finding is an increase in those who claim that there is 'too much' news, while interest in state news seems to have increased. The finding which will be most frequently cited is the 'massive shift' from press to television. Reading a paper has declined from 84% to 70%. On six out of seven dimensions much more faith is now put in television than in the press. Incredibly, even on 'Gives the most complete news' television has risen from 25 % to 48 % and the press declined from 55 % to 34 % .


Abstract We propose a new approach to the problem of high-dimensional multivariate ANOVA via bootstrapping max statistics that involve the differences of sample mean vectors. The proposed method proceeds via the construction of simultaneous confidence regions for the differences of population mean vectors. It is suited to simultaneously test the equality of several pairs of mean vectors of potentially more than two populations. By exploiting the variance decay property that is a natural feature in relevant applications, we are able to provide dimension-free and nearly parametric convergence rates for Gaussian approximation, bootstrap approximation, and the size of the test. We demonstrate the proposed approach with ANOVA problems for functional data and sparse count data. The proposed methodology is shown to work well in simulations and several real data applications.


This paper examines the institutional transportation model development, structure, and application as described in the recent paper, "Comprehensive Transportation Models: Current Developments and Future Trends," (ITE Journal June 1989). It is noted that the goals of urban transportation planning organizations and the central government have shifted among dfferent sets of planning goals over the past 35 years. Out of the new environment of the 1980s is emerging an attempt to re-establish a role for long-term regional or metropolitan transportation planning. The new modeling tools needed for the task are available, including database and toolbox structures, GIS database sharing potential, and zoom capability adapted to the more powerful microcomputers.


Aiming at the feature that transverse documents and vertical documents blend mostly in Chinese document layout,a menthod based on minimal spanning tree clustering is presented.Apply run_length smoothing algorithm on the document in horizontal direction,and vertical direction.Then,a pre_classification step is applied to the connected components generated after classifying run_length smoothing to body text into horizontally aligned and vertically aligned.Minimal spanning tree clustering algorithm is applied to the body text that are generated after pre_classification.Via experiment,the accurate rate reaches 97%.As is shown from the experiment,the method has a good effect on segmentation of Chinese documents.


The investigation was done on a prototype of the bottom chord of prestressed continuous reinforced frame. The dimensional rod cover consists of these frames which are mounted in the form of the cross sectional trusses. During prototype making under the prestressing force the cracks in concrete were formed in the zone of bearing internal anchors. The effect of the prestressing force and dimensions of the area of bearing internal anchor on the stress and strain state of concrete under the prestressing force was determined experimentally. Also the lateral reinforcement of the zone of the internal anchor was determined. The structural analysis of such frame structures was performed in the software package «Lira 9.4». It was necessary to determine the suitability of analytical research methods. The prestressing force was set as negative temperature deformations which correspond to the deformations under the action of prestressing force. The stress strain state of concrete in the zone of the internal anchor in the analytical studies coincided with the stress strain state in the experimental studies.


This chapter is divided into two main parts. The first part is primarily descriptive, to give a feeling for how Dave Jensen teaches and how he thinks about teaching. This description is valuable in its own right. Indeed, Among Schoolchildren (Kidder, 1986) is one of the best books I have read on schooling, even though it presents little in the way of theory or explicit analysis. But the description is also a good base for the second part of the chapter, which presents six analytic themes derived in the course of the research.


In this work, the design of an original series of coumarin derivatives (CoumC1–CoumC13) is presented. Chemical structures of these coumarins were selected by molecular modeling to ensure both excel...


The surgical treatment of prostate cancer (PCa) had as its initial milestone the irst prostatectomy, performed by H.H. Young at the Johns Hopkins Hospital, in 1904 [1], however, the procedure only reached a fundamental role after 1982, based on a better understanding and description of the male pelvic anatomy, by Walsh [2-6] and other [7-11]. Subsequently, minimally invasive approaches emerged: laparoscopic prostatectomy (1992) [12] and robotassisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) (2000) [13], which modi ied and optimized the execution of key surgical steps of this procedure, such as bladder neck preservation, nerve-sparing dissection, and prostate apex management [14]. Nevertheless, there is a continuous debate about the bene its offered by minimally invasive approaches and their superiority over the conventional open surgery, in order to justify additional costs and the spread of those [15]. Some superior results have already been demonstrated in terms of recovery time, return to normal activities and shorter hospitalization, as well as, less bleeding and postoperative pain; however, with equivalent oncologic outcomes [16].


Recently, exterior designs of automobiles have tended to become more complicated to meet the diversifying needs of consumers. As a result, there is an increasing demand for outer panels that have sharp streamlines. In draw and stretch forming of such panels, tools with small radii are usually used; as a result, so-called "surface roughening1)" often occurs near sharp streamlines due to a comparatively large and multi-axial plastic deformation. Because surface roughening affects not only the appearance quality2,3) but also the onset of fracture in press forming,4) it is desirable to reduce surface roughening as much as possible. Studies to overcome surface roughening in press forming have been conducted on steel sheets and aluminum alloy for a long time.4–18) In our previous paper,20) the authors surveyed the history of these researches. The research not only dealt with the relationship between surface roughening and forming conditions,6–9,14) such as amount of strain and strain path, but also with material factors,4,5,10–18) such as crystal grain size, crystal structure, crystal orientation and texture. The studies, however, had been carried out mainly for aluminum alloy sheets;7–13,16–18) studies on steel sheets had Influence of Strain Ratio on Surface Roughening in Biaxial Stretching of IF Steel Sheets


The increasing population from year to year raises the problem of population density. The population density of the Kudus Distric from 2010 to 2014 increases in quality every year. Recorded in the Central Bureau of Statistics in 2010 the population density (Soul Per Km2) around 1833 and in 2014 reached 1931. Population growth rate is proportional to the growth rate of existing houses as shelter. The Government of Kudus District as a program implementing "million houses" from the President of the Republic of Indonesia provides solutions in terms of security in the administration of land administration. Developers of subsidized housing need to take several aspects in development, such as Spatial Planning in each region, especially Kudus District, the long-term program and government functions. There needs to be a system capable of determining the optimal level of the type of housing to be built with the suitability of existing land. There needs to be a system capable of determining the optimal level of the type of housing to be built with the suitability of existing land. condition that need to reach the optimal level can be done by using linear programming method. All these things can be integrated and execute with the existence of eco-friendly Development System


This work reports the influence of seawater ageing on the mode I and mode II interlaminar fracture toughness ( G I C and G I I C ) of prepreg-based unidirectional carbon fiber/epoxy laminates containing carbon nanofillers. Double cantilever beam and end notched flexure specimens were fabricated from composite laminates containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes and/or reduced graphene oxide at their middle plane interface. Experimental results showed that the addition of carbon nanofillers moderately increased the G I C and G I I C propagation of composite laminates before and after their immersion in seawater with respect to the reference laminate under dry condition. For double cantilever beam and end notched flexure specimens aged in seawater, it was observed that G I C and G I I C increased by 57% and 13% for specimens with multiwalled carbon nanotube/reduced graphene oxide hybrid combination, 39% and 4% for specimens with multiwalled carbon nanotubes and 53% and 8% for specimens with reduced graphene oxide respectively, as a consequence of the plasticization effect of seawater immersion on the matrix. Fracture surface examination by scanning electron microscopy revealed interlaminar failure associated to mode I and mode II delamination and toughening mechanisms produced by the multiwalled carbon nanotubes and reduced graphene oxide at delaminated regions of composite laminates.


Objective: In this study we propose to examine the ideas and concepts that circulated in the medical science in Argentina about certain traits of the Spanish flu that struck the world population between 1918 and 1919 (geographical origin, etiology, communicability etc). The pandemic entered Argentina arousing fear in society, confusion in the medical elites and the promotion of public measures in order to fight the disease. Development: Anchored in a qualitative approach, we put into perspective a set of scientific conferences on the evolution of the epidemic crisis held in the country, as well as medical articles, published in specific editorials and related to this issue after the pandemic culminated. Conclusions: The Spanish flu was an illness that generated many negative responses of discontent by a population that was frightened by a scourge that would never stop and had burst into their daily lives. We consider that these statements were the result of a series of unsuccessful public measures, barely hinged together, that failed to mitigate the disease since they were anchored in the local medical knowledge. Based on the study of articles and lectures of recognized and distinguished scientific and medical publications, we find that Argentine physicians knew little about the etiology of the disease at the time of its appearance, a fact that led to the emergence of numerous and ineffective treatments to combat it.


To thoroughly understand the agricultural economic growth origin in Guangdong Province as well as its four wide ranges in 1990-2008.The reckoning and analysis carried by the Solow complement law indicated: although the contribution rate of agricultural scientific and technological progress continues to increase,in addition to the Pearl River Delta,relying on increased material costs has always been more dominant position in growth mode input;labor contribution rate has been enhanced,but the instability has yet to be upgrading;the negative effects are arising from the reduction of cultivated land apparently.Consequently,it is proposed to increase the intensity of investment in agricultural science and technology,establish an efficient system of agricultural science and technology services to enhance agricultural technology and farmer education and training as well as strictly protect cultivated land,which is the key of agriculture economic growth of Guangdong Province now and in the future.


We have observed near-infrared H2 vibrational line emission from dense (n ≳ 104 cm-3) photon-dominated regions (PDRs) along the Orion A molecular cloud "ridge" and toward the Orion B molecular cloud near NGC 2024. Specifically, we have observed the 1.601 μm v = 6-4 Q(1), 2.121 μm v = 1-0 S(1), and 2.247 μm v = 2-1 S(1) lines of H2. To assess the physical state of the PDRs, we combine our H2 data with observations of the [O I] 63 μm, [O I] 146 μm, and [C II] 158 μm atomic fine-structure lines along the same lines of sight. We use our data to study how the character of the H2 emission depends on the PDR conditions. For the range of densities (104-105 cm-3) and incident far-ultraviolet fluxes (103-105 times the mean interstellar field) in the PDRs, we find that the relative H2 line strengths are characteristic of both low gas density and high gas density UV-excited emission. In Orion, we observe direct evidence of the transition from the (low-density) regime in which the H2 vibrational cascade is dominated by radiative transitions to the (high-density) regime in which collisions influence the vibrational cascade. Our observations show that, for Orion-type abundances and physical conditions, collisions begin to influence the H2 ro-vibrational line ratios near a gas density of 5 × 104 cm-3.


Purpose: to investigate the development of the physical qualities of athletes 12–15 years old, involved in kettlebell lifting, under the influence of practicing kettlebell lifting during the one-year macrocycle. Material & Methods: studies were conducted in Complex Youth Sports School No. 16 and Public Institution Complex Youth Sports School No. 8 of Kharkiv with athletes 12–15 years old engaged in kettlebell lifting during the one-year macrocycle in the amount of 30 people. The following research methods were used: analysis of literary sources and testing of the level of motor qualities in certain age categories. Results: pedagogical testing is presented to determine the level of motor capabilities of young athletes 12–15 years old engaged in kettlebell lifting. Exercises were identified that are advisable to use at these stages of preparation: running at 60 meters; at 1500 m; number of jumps in 30 seconds, standing long jump; flexion and extension of the arms in the support lying on the floor; raising legs hanging on the wall bars. Conclusion: as a result of the testing of motor skills using non-specific exercises for kettlebell lifting, it was found that the performance improves every year in all exercises (p>0,05), especially in 60 m running, which significantly increased in the age range from 13 to 14 years and in the race for 1500 m, from 14 to 15 years. The speed-strength abilities of young athletes aged 12–15 years who are involved in kettlebell lifting were more pronounced in the age range from 13 to 14 years.


RECENT STUDIES emphasizing the interrelationships between thyroid function and the metabolism of the B vitamins have shown a), that thyroid feeding decreases the amount of vitamin B1 in rat tissues (i, 2), and b), that the food intake and weight maintenance of thyroid′fed rats depend on an adequate intake of the B vitamins (3), particularly vitamins B1, B6, and pantothenic acid (4). It has been repeatedly demonstrated that thyroid feeding will decrease the amount of glycogen in the liver (5,6,7, 8), and Abelin (9) and Abelin, Knochel, and Spichtin (10) reported that a yeast extract would prevent the fall in liver glycogen of rats that had been fed thyroid gland for 5 to 6 days. This observation was confirmed by Drill (11), who studied the liver glycogen of rats injected with small amounts of thyroxin.


An observer-based Hamiltonian identification algorithm for quantum systems has been recently proposed by two of the authors to estimate the dipole moment matrix of a quantum system requiring the measurement of the populations on all states. This could be experimentally difficult to achieve. We propose here an extension to a 3-level quantum system, having access to the population of the ground state only. By a suitable choice of the control field, we show that a continuous measurement of this population, alone, is enough to identify the field coupling parameters (dipole moment). Simulations with 20% of noise on the measured population illustrate the robustness of the proposed estimation algorithm and confirm the convergence analysis.


A couple decades ago fiscal federalism used to be a topic of marginal importance in most countries and in the economic literature. The world was broadly divided in federal states and unitary states and there were hardly any countries that planned to move from one to the other of these categories. In recent years, however, perhaps as a result of globalization and deepening democratization, combined with rising incomes, centrifugal forces seem to have been put into action in many countries. These forces have generated growing demands for increasing degrees of fiscal decentralization. It can be hypothesized that decentralization is a superior good, the demand for which is likely to grow with per capita income.


Detection of antibody to mycoplasma in man and animals has been handicapped by a lack of knowledge of the antigens involved. Solvent-soluble C F antigens have been described for M . mycoides'a and M . pneumoniae.3 It is the purpose of this paper to present further data on the extraction of antigens from other mycoplasma species with organic solvents. Heat-lability of mycoplasma antigens was also studied as a guide to the relative stability of these antigens toward chemical fractionation.