PURPOSE
Radiation biology research relies on an accurate radiation dose delivered to the biological target. Large field irradiations in a cabinet irradiator may use the AAPM TG-61 protocol. This relies on an air-kerma measurement and conversion to absorbed dose to water (Dw) on the surface of a water phantom using provided backscatter factors. Cell or small animal studies differ significantly from this reference geometry. This study aims to determine the impact of the lack of full scatter conditions in four representative geometries that may be used in radiobiology studies.

METHODS
MCNP6 was used to model the Dw on the surface of a full scatter phantom in a validated orthovoltage x-ray reference beam. Dw in a cylindrical mouse, 100 mm Petri dish, 6-well and 96-well cell culture dishes was simulated and compared to this full scatter geometry. A reference dose rate was measured using the TG-61 protocol in a cabinet irradiator. This nominal dose rate was used to irradiate TLDs in each phantom to a given dose. Doses were obtained based on TLDs calibrated in a NIST-traceable beam.

RESULTS
Compared to the full scattering conditions, the simulated dose to water in the representative geometries were found to be underestimated by 12-26%. The discrepancy was smallest with the cylindrical mouse geometry, which most closely approximates adequate lateral- and backscatter. TLDs irradiated in the mouse and petri dish phantoms using the TG-61 determined dose rate showed similarly lower values of Dw. When corrected for this discrepancy, they agreed with the predicted Dw within 5%.

CONCLUSION
Using the TG-61 in-air protocol and given backscatter factors to determine a reference dose rate in a biological irradiator may not be appropriate given the difference in scattering conditions between irradiation and calibration. Without accounting for this, the dose rate is overestimated and is dependent on irradiation geometry.


The rare earth element complexes (Ln = Y, La, Sm, Lu, Ce) of several podant κ6N-coordinating ligands have been synthetized and thoroughly characterized. The structural properties of the complexes have been investigated by X-ray diffraction in the solid state and by advanced NMR methods in solution. To estimate the donor capabilities of the presented ligands, an experimental comparison study has been conducted by cyclic voltammetry as well as absorption experiments using the cerium complexes and by analyzing 89Y NMR chemical shifts of the different yttrium complexes. In order to obtain a complete and detailed picture, all experiments were corroborated by state-of-the-art quantum chemical calculations. Finally, coordination competition studies have been carried out by means of 1H and 31P NMR spectroscopy to investigate the correlation with donor properties and selectivity.


The sleeve bearing assembly and a manufacturing method includes a woven inner portion coupled to the injection-molded resilient lateral side. Inside part includes a second chamber of the first chamber and the first chamber and another material lubrication chamber material. The first chamber is substantially provided for the bearing surface, and a second chamber substantially provides an outer surface engaged with the outer region. The weave 1 and the second chamber with the first chamber so bound in a direction of the warp direction corresponding to the axial direction of the weft direction or the journal bearing surface corresponding to the circumferential direction of the journal bearing surface substantially provides the bearing surface, the second chamber so bound in a different direction to the first thread direction, and provides the outside face of the substantially bonded to the outer side. A medial side, a lateral side, a bearing surface, the sleeve bearing, the resilient outer portion, lubricated seal material


The advent of the Space Shuttle era elevated cardiovascular deconditioning from a research topic in gravitational physiology to a concern with operational consequences during critical space mission phases. NASA has identified three primary cardiovascular risks associate with short-duration (less than 18 d) spaceflight: orthostatic intolerance; decreased maximal oxygen uptake; and cardiac arrhythmias. Orthostatic hypotension (OH) was observed postflight in Mercury astronauts, studied in Gemini and Apollo astronauts, and tracked as it developed in-flight during Skylab missions. A putative hypotensive episode in the pilot during an early shuttle landing, and well documented postflight hypotension in a quarter of crewmembers, catalyzed NASA's research effort to understand its mechanisms and develop countermeasures. Shuttle investigations documented the onset of OH, tested mechanistic hypotheses, and demonstrated countermeasures both simple and complex. Similarly, decreased aerobic capacity in-flight threatened both extravehicular activity and post-landing emergency egress. In one study, peak oxygen uptake and peak power were significantly decreased following flights. Other studies tested hardware and protocols for aerobic conditioning that undergird both current practice on long-duration International Space Station (ISS) missions and plans for interplanetary expeditions. Finally, several studies suggest that cardiac arrhythmias are of less concern during short-duration spaceflight than during long-duration spaceflight. Duration of the QT interval was unchanged and the frequency of premature atrial and ventricular contractions was actually shown to decrease during extravehicular activity. These investigations on short-duration Shuttle flights have paved the way for research aboard long-duration ISS missions and beyond. Efforts are already underway to study the effects of exploration class missions to asteroids and Mars.


Implementation of a cost-effective practical shunt active power filter (SAPF) depends on microcontroller was the key for developing a simplified control strategy that modifies a previously published one which named on-line compensating method [1]. The objective is to eliminate harmonics and compensate reactive power generated by non-linear loads to improve the power quality. The SAPF is realized using three phase voltage source inverter (VSI) with dc-bus capacitor and the proposed control algorithm is elaborated using a lowcost (Intel 80C196KC) microcontroller. The simulation and experimental results are presented to prove the efficient performance of the SAPF under the proposed controller.


OBJECTIVE: This study aims to draw the characteristics of occupational accidents occurred in cabling work, and assess accident severity based on occupational injury data. BACKGROUND: Accident factors and accident risk are different by the place of work in cabling work. Field managers require information on accident prevention that can be easily understood by workers. However, there has been a lack of studies that focus on cabling work in Korea. METHOD: This study classifies 450 injured persons caused in cabling work by process, and analyzes the characteristics of occupational injuries from the aspects of age, work experience and accident type. This study also analyzes accident frequency and severity of injury. RESULTS: Results show that preparing/finishing (33.3%) was the most common type of cabling process in injuries, followed by maintenance (28.4%), routing/income (23.1%) and wiring/installation (15.1%) process. The critical incidents in the level of risk management were falls from height in the routing/incoming process, and falls from height in the maintenance process. And, incidents ranked as 'High' level of risk management were slips and trips, fall from height and vehicle incident in the preparing/finishing process, and fall from height in the wiring/installation process. CONCLUSION and Application: The relative frequency of accident and its severity by working process serve as important information for accident prevention, and are critical for determining priorities in preventive measures. Language: en


Supersonic aircraft weapons bay noise reduction method based on the leading edge surface of the spoiler, the steps of: (1) obtained according to flight speed supersonic aircraft flight conditions to the current density to flow temperature to flow and viscosity coefficient weapons bay front edge surface boundary layer thickness, calculated based on the flow Reynolds weapons bay front edge surface boundary layer thickness; (2) determine the fundamental frequency of the agitating plate; (3) according to the supersonic aircraft weapons bay length, depth and width, calculate the supersonic aircraft the length and depth ratio, when the ratio is greater than 4:00, the fundamental frequency of the agitating plate thickness H is reduced by 10 to 20%; when the ratio is not greater than 4, the fundamental frequency of the agitating plate thickness H increased by 10% to 20% ; (4) the fundamental frequency of the agitating plate fixed to the supersonic aircraft to complete the supersonic aircraft weapons bay spoiler leading edge surface noise. This method can effectively reduce the supersonic aircraft during supersonic flight when, after opening the buried weapons cabin, cabin pressure problems serious self-sustained oscillations.


The present invention provides a kind of method for supporting service for providing mobile device.The method may include monitoring mobile device status.In addition, the method may include the device status datas for being at least partially based on capture to execute device diagnostic to identify the incipient fault that may influence mobile device functionality.Correspondence system, device and computer program product are also provided.


Wall is one of the structures elements that resist direct heat from the atmosphere. Modification on several structures is relevance to reduce filtrate thermal movement on wall. Insulation material seems to be suitable to be implemented since its purpose meets the heat resistance requirement. Insulation material applied as to generate positive impact in energy saving through reduction in total building energy consumption. Fiberglass is one of the insulation materials that can be used to insulate a space from heat and sound. Fiberglass is flammable insulation material with R Value rated of R-2.9 to R-3.8 which meets the requirement in minimizing heat transfer. Finite element software, ABAQUS v6.13 employed for analyze non insulated wall and other insulated wall with different wall thicknesses. The several calculations related to overall heat movement, total energy consumption per unit area of wall, life cycle cost analysis and determination of optimal insulation thickness is calculated due to show the potential of the implementation in minimize heat transfer and generate potential energy saving in building operation. It is hoped that the study can contribute to better understanding on the potential building wall retrofitting works in increasing building serviceability and creating potential benefits for building owner.


[Objective]To investigate the clinical effects of Tanreqing injection and its safety in treatment on child bronchopneumonia.[Methods]Fifty Cases of child bronchopneumonia were divided into two groups:on the basis of routine method,the observed group(25 cases)was treated with Tanreqing injection(1mg/kg/d);the control group(25 cases)was treated with routine drugs.And their clinical effects as well as their safeties were compared.[Results]The valid rate of observed group was 96.00% and the control group 92.00%.There were not significantly different(P﹥0.05).The significant differences on the aspects of pyretolysis,cough stopping,physical sign disappearing were found between the observed group and the control group(P﹤0.01).And no toxin or negative effects were found.[Conclusion]Tanreqing injection is effective in adjunctively treating child bronchopneumonia and worth being spread.


A day in the life of a general practitioner, David Morrell what is happening to me?, David Morrell what are my patients' needs?, David Morrell is it normal?, Martin Roland is it significant and is it important?, Martin Roland what is optimal care?, Christopher Watkins are psychosocial factors measurable?, Leone Ridsdale what do my patients think?, Leone Ridsdale how important is mental illness?, Deborah Sharp can I prevent illness and disability?, Mike D'Souza would it be better if I moved?, Brian Jarman common pits and how to avoid falling into them, David Morrell.


Critical Mobilities offers a myriad of perspectives of mobilities and immobilities from a variety of disciplines including geography, sociology, public health and migration studies. The book positions society to be composed of mobile assemblages and offers critical accounts that address the interplay of mobility and power by questioning the inequalities of movement and constraint. The aim of the book is to offer insights into how the movement of people, policies, practices, materials, imaginations and technologies shape society. It focuses on the institutional framing of mobility rather than more popular experiences of mobility, and in doing so it attempts to overcome the limits of using mobility theory to capture social processes that happen in and across space and time. The book earns its title since many of the case studies present mobile entities as problematic, for example, the mobilisation of urban structures as a means to control from afar, or the global branching of university campuses that offers an affordable research strategy yet fails to utilise knowledge locally in the host countries. The book attempts to bring together mobility and migration studies to better understand contemporary issues of forced migration and regulation of mobility. Mobility and assemblage theories are utilised to describe what mobilities are constituted by – for example, space, time, experience and regulation – and what mobilities are constitutive of, for example, materials, agents, and organisational structures. The editors hope that such assemblage analyses will enrich the research of migration, using it to "rethink the extent to which migration as a phenomenon should be defined in terms of, and derived from, the needs of the state to classify spatial mobility in a particular way" (Editors: XIII). Critical Mobilities seeks to detangle and understand the mechanisms and logics that the state utilise to classify and manage various types of (im)mobile subjects, including those with very temporary movements, such as tourists and business types. The first three chapters consider issues of mobilities of urban forms in postcolonial cities. In chapter one Jennifer Robinson explores how policy makers understand processes of engagement with "elsewhere", finding overlaps between borrowing and inventing in local policies that arrive through a mixture of here and elsewhere to form distinctive local policies and urban form. In chapter two Söderström uses actor–network theory to examine not only how urban forms enact and convey pedagogies but also how they afford new possibilities of action, such as identity creation. Söderström argues that modern Asian urban policies do not just circulate in the direction of North–South, but are multi-polar and Asian influenced. In chapter three Geddie and Panese consider the connections of actors and objects to facilitate university branch campus mobility. It demonstrates the different objectives sought by universities and the conditions under which the transnational mobility of academic institutions takes place. Geddie and Panese find that the mobilities of branch campuses are limited, tentative and restricted by knowledge mostly flowing to the North, which reinforces unequal spatial relations between the home and branch campuses. The next four chapters focus on human migration, and this is where the editors and authors attempt to bridge migration and mobilities studies. In chapter four Tim Creswell argues that mobilities are crucial to the reconfiguration of rights and identities of the citizen. The modern citizen, a figure central to the nation state, is connected to place, and their identity is established in relation to particular spatial formations; some places are more privileged than others. He concludes that contemporary state discourses which celebrate freedom of movement simultaneously condemn the mobility of alien


In using of Delphi Technique,this paper divides the content of psychological contract between teachers and students into two dimensionalities.Further,By both of using correlation analysis and regression analysis,testifies the implementation of students' and teachers' obligation are significant correlation;The analytical result also indicates the psychological contract responsibility of dimensionality of implement teaching skills increase by teachers has great influence on the study behavior of scientific intelligence self-cultivate by students,but has no significant influence on the social intelligence self-cultivate by students;And the psychological contract responsibility of dimensionality of devoted character culture implemented by teachers,however,has significant influence both on social intelligence self-cultivate by students and scientific intelligence self-cultivate by students.


Wounds on horses are common and sometimes difficult to treat. The wounds are often big and could be discovered too late for primary sutures, which have to be applied within 8 hours from time of accident, before bacteria has been able to infiltrate the surrounding tissue. The healing is often complicated by delayed healing and wound infection with consequences like phlegmone, fistulation and proud flesh formation.
To avoid these consequences, the traditional practice has been to administer systemic antibiotics alone, systemic antibiotics in combination with topical antibiotics or topical antibiotics alone. Because few antibiotics can be used in horses, is it important to household with the few substances that are available. In veterinary medicine today, the increasing resistance amongst pathogenic microbes such as MRSA presents a growing problem. It is therefore more important than ever to find new strategies for treatment to try to prevent infections.
The objective of this exam work was to focus on Vaseline used as placebo in another study that was to exploring both the antibacterial effect and the influence on wound healing by topical treatment with 1 % hydrogen peroxide cream in fresh skin wounds on horses. Vaseline is a common substance used as placebo in clinical trials, but few have studied its effect on secondary wound healing in horses
The horses in this study consisted of 10 nonpregnant, female standardbred trotting horses kept under identical housing conditions at the Department of clinical sciences, section of reproduction, SLU, Uppsala.
In the clinical trial, three identical wounds were created on each horse. One of the wounds was treated with 1 % hydrogen peroxide cream, one was treated with Vaseline as placebo, and the third wound was left untreated.
The healing process was then assessed by clinical, bacteriological, and cytological examinations and were continually digitally photographed followed by objective measuring via the computer program PictZar® under the whole healing process until the wounds were entirely covered with epithelium.
The results of this study have shown that Vaseline has no inhibitory effects on bacterial growth. It has also shown that Vaseline doesn´t delay time of healing compared with untreated controls and doesn´t have any other side effects than a slight local hypergranulation.
Vaseline can therefore be considered to be a safe choice of placebo in studies of secondary wound healing in horses.


Problems are analyzed of English teaching for mechanical engineering and a reform plan is put forward in order to improve the effect and quality of teaching.


Dear Sir, Orvieto et al. (1) have made some considerations in this article which are questionable according to clinical experience. The Authors performed a cross-sectional retrospective study on postmenopausal women undergoing dilatation and curettage (D&C) for various reasons which, however, were not listed. It could be supposed that the reasons leading the Authors to perform D&C were abnormal uterine bleeding, ultrasound thickened or irregular endometrium and endometrial adenocarcinoma screening of high-risk women. Whether these were the reasons, we believe that the D&C is not the most suitable technique because is often inaccurate and inadequate for the diagnosis of the endometrial pathology. According to our series, by comparing D&C with the hysteroscopy, the results showed that D&C was not able to make diagnosis in about 40% of cases. The most cases of failure occurred not only when the polyp was very big and took up the whole uterine cavity, but also if it was small or there was a uterine malformation. In case of the very big endometrial polyp (Fig. 1) we were not able to grasp it by the polyp-forceps and the jaws of polypforceps slipped between the uterine wall and the polyp surface. If the polyp was small it often was not grasped. Moreover, in cases of uterine malformations (septate, subseptate and arcuate uteri) a polyp located in a uterine hemicavity, especially if this latter was the smallest, could not be grasped and excised because the forceps proceeded forward the widest uterine hemicavity. For several years we have preferred to perform hysteroscopy and/or sonohysterography (SHG) to D&C. In fact in cases where we suspect an endometrial polyp by ultrasonography, in the first instance and in the same setting, we perform the SHG,


High quality single BCPS crystals were used to study the influence of a structurally incommensurate (IC) modulation on the line shape in 35Cl NMR spectra where the phase transition from the normal into the IC phase at ca. 150 K is clearly reflected in the appearance of an asymmetric frequency distribution with edge singularities. The line shape calculations are performed in a temperature range where the validity of the plane wave limit may be assumed. In nice agreement with an X‐ray analysis of the rotational symmetry modes in the IC phase by Zuniga et al., the evaluation of the 35Cl NMR frequency distributions is based on the IC modulation of the Euler angles which describe the orientation of 35Cl NMR quadrupole coupling tensor in the crystal frame. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Traditional descriptions of the infraorbital artery note a course inferior to the orbit that does not pass through the orbital floor before exiting at the infraorbital foramen. However, recent research suggests that the infraorbital artery may interact with structures within the orbit in some individuals. Given the various descriptions of courses and anastomoses of the infraorbital artery, a further understanding of the frequency of these variations was merited. This study aimed to quantify the prevalence of supply of the infraorbital artery to the lower orbit via the orbital floor. Cadaveric analysis (n = 36 orbits, 18 individuals) was used. Of 36 orbits, 83% exhibited infraorbital arterial supply to the orbit via the orbital floor. Of the 18 individuals, 72% demonstrated bilateral involvement. The results establish involvement of the infraorbital artery with the lower orbit in most individuals. These findings are clinically useful when considering the management of trauma in the lower orbit, as well as blepharoplasty and cosmetic fillers.


Evidence has shown that individually feeding or reduced light can mitigate the negative effects of elevated temperature on coral physiology. We aimed to evaluate if simultaneous low light and feeding would mitigate, minimize, or exacerbate negative effects of elevated temperature on coral physiology and carbon budgets. Pocillopora damicornis, Stylophora pistillata, and Turbinaria reniformis were grown for 28 days under a fully factorial experiment including two seawater temperatures (ambient temperature of 25 ◦C, elevated temperature of 30 ◦C), two light levels (high light of 300 μmol photons m−2 s−1, low light of 150 μmol photons m−2 s−1), and either fed (Artemia nauplii) or unfed. Coral physiology was significantly affected by temperature in all species, but the way in which low light and feeding altered their physiological responses was species-specific. All three species photo-acclimated to low light by increasing chlorophyll a. Pocillopora damicornis required feeding to meet metabolic demand irrespective of temperature but was unable to maintain calcification under low light when fed. In T. reniformis, low light mitigated the negative effect of elevated temperature on total lipids, while feeding mitigated the negative effects of elevated temperature on metabolic demand. In S. pistillata, low light compounded the negative effects of elevated temperature on metabolic demand, while feeding minimized this negative effect but was not sufficient to provide 100% metabolic demand. Overall, low light and feeding did not act synergistically, nor additively, to mitigate the negative effects of elevated temperature on P. damicornis, S. pistillata, or T. reniformis. However, feeding alone was critical to the maintenance of metabolic demand at elevated temperature, suggesting that sufficient supply of heterotrophic food sources is likely essential for corals during thermal stress (bleaching) events.


The oxygen relief/absorption,superconduc— tivity and structure of(Bi_(1-x)Pb_x)_2Sr_2Ca_2— Cu_3O_y compounds have been studied by TGA, electrical resistance measurement and X-ray diffraction.The amount of oxygen which can be re- leased and superconductivity of the compounds are correlative to Pb content.The release of oxygen in- creases when x less than 0.2 and decreases when x exceeds 0.2 with increasing x.The appropriate con- tent of Pb for superconductivity is in the range of 0.1x0.3,which corresponds to the relative large amount of oxygen that can be released.It is found according to electric resistance measurement that quenching is favourable to form the'85K'phase and slow cooling the'110K'phase.The experimen- tal results suggest that a relation exists between the superconductivity and the oxygen content in Bi sys- tem containing Pb.As the T_c of'85K'phase de- creases and that of'110K'phase increases with in- creasing oxygen content,it is possible that the effect of oxygen content in'85K'phase and'110K' phase on the superconductivity is different.


Technetium99m-sestamibi (Tc-sestamibi) scintigraphy using double phase technique is useful to detect and localize parathyroid adenomas by separating thyroid and parathyroid tissue. We report the case of 52 year old male patient with left kidney lithiasis and diffuse osteoaticular pain. Biological exam finds hypercalcemia with high level of parathormone. Double phase Tc-sestamibi scintigraphy allowed three hearths of high uptake corresponding to multiple parathyroid adenomas whereas ultrasonography and computed tomography showed only one hearth of adenoma. This case suggests that double phase Tc-sestamibi scintigraphy is very useful and more efficient as a functional exploration in the assessment of primary hyperparathyroidy, particulary to confirm the multiple character of parathyroid adenoma and also to improve the success of surgery.


We have incorporated amorphous silicon i-layers made by amplitude modulated VHF plasma CVD into n-i-p solar cells. The cell efficiencies are similar to those obtained with standard device quality continuous wave (CW) a-Si:H i-layers, but at a high growth of 0.55 nm/s and gas utilization rate of /spl sim/50%. Due to the combined effect the efficient use of the SiH/sub 4/ is roughly 10 times better while the defect density (/spl sim/3-8/spl times/10/sup 15/ cm/sup -3/) and photosensitivity (4-6/spl times/10/sup 5/) of the a-Si:H material are not compromised. This happens in spite of the fact that higher silane radicals contribute significantly to the growth.


In some retail contexts,demand for some items can depend on the inventory level.Consider a supply chain consisting of a supplier and a retailer,the retailer's demand rate is assumed to be randomly dependent on the starting inventory level;specifically the holding cost of the retailer is a non-linear function that is more realistic for most retailing situations where shelf space is a limited resource.The supplier uses the returns policies to encourage the retailer to stock more aggressively.A policy may achieve channel coordination was showed,and it is proven,the types of the buy back contract are determinated by the wholesale price,but the coordinating contract cannot allocate the supply chain's profit arbitrarily.Finally the results were analyzed by conducting numerical examples and case study.


Sir.—I read with interest the article by Movassaghi et al entitled "Antiplatelet Antibodies in Childhood Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura" (Journal133:257-259, 1979). However, I cannot agree with their conclusion that platelet antibody usually disappears with recovery from thrombocytopenia in childhood ITP. We have already shown in three chronic and five acute cases of childhood ITP that have been in remission for up to six years that mean platelet survival is shorter with platelet opsonization in five cases (in whom it could be determined).1.2 The study has been extended to include 14 children with ITP (six chronic and eight acute) in remission, and again, severe reduction in platelet survival (mean, 4.0 days, which is shorter than in previous reports1.2) with platelet opsonization was shown in every case. The antiplatelet antibodies shown by the Handin and Stossel method3related to acute phase and remission of 49 childhood ITP cases, and


The formation of Guangdong modern flora can be traced back to the development of native late Paleozoic cathaysian flora.In Lower and Middle Devonian,the Psilophytopsida developed in some coastal area firstly;in Upper Devonian,Guangdong flora almost reflected the global characteristic of Lepidodendropsis flora;in Early Carboniferous it had some traits of Procathaysian Flora;in Permian,it had developed and formed a typical Cathaysian flora and was an important part of late Paleozoic Cathaysian flora.In Mesozoic,Guangdong flora had a big change,the gymnosperm was prosperous,but it was evolved from the late Paleozoic Cathay-sian flora as a whole.The development of late Paleozoic and Mesozoic flora laid a foundation for Guangdong modern flora.Guang-dong flora became more complex and multiplex from the beginning of Tertiary.The angiosperm developed in mass and dominated instead of gymnosperm.When it came to Late Tertiary,Guangdong flora was similar to the modern.


Objective: The Aim Of The Study Was To Determine The Prevalence Of Gender-Based Violence And Pregnancy Outcomes In Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Clinics In Two Selected Primary Health Care Centres At Abuja FCT, Nigeria. Methodology: The Descriptive And Analytical Cross-Sectional Research Design And A Convenience Sampling Method Were Used. A Pretested Semi-Structured Questionnaire With A Cronbach's Alpha Value Of 0.77 Was Administered With The Interviewer-Administered Data Collection Technique To Collect Data. The Study Population Were Pregnant Women Who Attended Antenatal Clinic At The Primary Health Care Centres At Karu And Jikwoyi In Abuja-FCT; The Sample Size Was 384 Pregnant Women Between The Ages Of 15-44 Years. Raw Data Generated From The Completed Questionnaire Was Analysed For Simple Frequency, Percentage, And Chi-Square Analysis Using The SPSS Version 16. Results: Prevalence Of GBV Among The Participants Was 59.6%, 99.4% Accounted For Emotional Abuse, Physical Abuse At 28.5%, And Sexual Abuse At 13.6%. The Findings Indicate That GBV Single Cases Of Emotional Abuse Was 66.7%, Physical Abuse Was 0.4%, Combined Cases Of Emotional And Physical Violence Were 19.3%, Emotional Combined With Sexual Was 4.8%, While The Case Of Multiple Violence Of Emotional, Physical And Sexual Was 8.8%. Overall, Husbands Were The Perpetrators Of The Abuse And Accounted For Emotional Abuse At 96.9%, Physical At 89.2%, And Sexual Abuse At 100.0%. Conclusion: The Effect Of Physical Abuse On Pregnant Outcome Among Pregnant Women In Their Previous Pregnancies Was That 27.6% Had A Miscarriage, While 6.9% Had Preterm Delivery.


A reactive power pricing method that integrates two classical reactive power pricing methods, i.e., real-time reactive power pricing method and composite cost allocation method of reactive power, is proposed. Firstly, based on the theory of marginal cost the cost of reactive power is allocated to each branch in the power grid; secondly, based on power flow tracing the reactive cost that has been allocated to each branch is re-allocated to each load that uses this branch, thus the productive cost of reactive power that each load has to hold and corresponding price of reactive power are determined. The proposed method can ensure the balance between income and expenditure as well as can provide corresponding economic signal, thus the defects of two classical methods are remedied. The feasibility and reasonability of the proposed method are verified by simulation results.


Abstract – Usual problems of mental disorders often occur in almost all countries in the world. Statistics presented by the WHO's research center in 1990 states that, each time for 1% of the population in the world having psychiatric disorders and in a state of need and treatment. Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder that affects the mental disorders, and these disorders characterized by disturbances in thought processes and emotional weak. Based on the description above background bermakasud author makes an application to detect mental disorder schizophrenia in order to facilitate the layman to detect psychiatric disorders, so much faster in detecting psychiatric disorders Schizophrenia. This application can be used anywhere and anytime because it can be run through mobile android smartphone and light on the run since the application is offline (without internet connection). Keywords: Android, Smartphone, Service center , Skizofrenia.


OBJECTIVE
To identify the trend and pattern of mortality from congenital malformations in children under 5 years old in China.

METHODS
Data from 1996 to 2006 were obtained from the national child mortality surveillance network, which included 116 counties (cities) throughout China. A descriptive analysis was performed on birth defect-specific mortality (U5MR) in children under 5 years old.

RESULTS
The national birth defect-specific U5MR decreased from 412.0 per 100,000 live births in 1996 to 342.2 per 100,000 live births in 2006. The declining trend in birth defect-specific U5MR was more obvious from 2003 to 2006. The same pattern was observed in urban areas, in coastal regions and in inner land regions of China. Rural areas had higher birth defect-specific U5MR than urban areas. Remote regions had higher birth defect-specific U5MR than coastal regions and inner land regions. The proportion of mortality due to congenital malformations in total U5MR increased from 9.2% in 1996 to 14.4% in 2006.

CONCLUSION
The proportion of mortality due to congenital malformations in children under 5 years old is increasing in China.


The fact that 4.5% of all human genes encode proteases in the human genome reflects the importance of proteases in the human body under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Proteases can trigger cell signaling pathways via activation of protease activated receptors (PARs). Activation PARs appear to play a significant role in GI inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, and GI motor dysfunction (leading to diarrhea or constipation). Although the role of PARs in GI mucosa and lamina propria has been reported, information of PARs expression and their pathological significance of PAR modulation in GI muscles layer are limited. Inflammation was induced by exposing to DSS for 7 days in C57BL/6 mice. Inflammatory colon showed bloody stool, erosion and inflammatory cell infiltration. PAR1 agonist‐induced initial relaxation was reduced in DSS‐treated colons. PAR2 agonist‐induced responses were not affected on DSS‐treated colitis. DSS‐treated colonic smooth muscle revealed the depolarized the resting membrane potentials and EFS‐induced purinergic inhibitory junction potentials which are mediated by activation of small conductance Ca2+‐activated K+ channels (SK) were also reduced in DSS‐colitis. Quantitative transcriptional analysis showed that expressions of Pdgra and Kcnn3 were reduced in DSS‐treated colons. Since PAR activation can be coupled to Ca2+ sensitization pathways, we examined the changes in protein expression of MYPT1 and CPI‐17. MYPT1 and CPI‐17 phosphorylation were increased in DSS‐treated colons. In conclusion, the alteration of motility by PAR1 is due to changes in Pdgfra and Kcnn3 with Ca2+‐sensitization pathways. These findings suggest a role for PARs in contributing to IBD associated functional dysmotility.


ABSTRACT Notwithstanding its central place in social security policy-making and in the experiences of those on the receiving end of welfare reforms, cumulative impact is an under interrogated and theorised problem in social welfare scholarship. This paper seeks to address this in two ways. First, it draws on the lessons of the comparatively well-developed literature on cumulative impact in environmental studies to: (i) identify different dimensions of cumulative impact and (ii) best practices in undertaking cumulative impact assessments. Second, it argues that having regard to cumulative impact is not just good policy-making, but is also a legal obligation. To discharge the 'Public Sector Equality Duty' under s.149 Equality Act 2010, a public authority needs to have due regard to clear cumulative impacts between measures. In the context of social security policy-making, a failure to undertake enquiries to establish cumulative impacts between policies is likely to breach the PSED. Drawing on examples from the UK Government's Welfare Reform Act 2012 and the Welfare Reform and Work Act 2016 throughout, the paper makes the case for both the importance of addressing cumulative impact in policymaking, and the need for greater interrogation by social welfare scholarship.


A new page is opening in the history of Russian cosmonautics. In October 2009 the launch of spacecraft «Phobos-Grunt» is declared. It is also included in the Federal Space Program. That is why it is possible to speak about the revival of planetary directions for space studies in Russia. As a result of preparations for the implementation of the project will be obtain not only the new knowledge about the Mars planet moon, but also be accelerated a new generation of the Solar System researchers building their work on the basis of Russian space technologies.


Abstract Kuwahara, Y., Shimada, A., Mitani, H. and Shima, A. A Critical Stage in Spermatogenesis for Radiation-Induced Cell Death in the Medaka Fish, Oryzias latipes. Radiat. Res. 157, 386–392 (2002). To ensure the high-fidelity transmission by reproductive cells of genetic information from generation to generation, cells have evolved surveillance systems to eliminate genomic lesions by inducing cell suicide and/or DNA repair. In this report, γ-ray-induced cell death was investigated using the medaka fish, Oryzias latipes, because of the ease with which the differentiation stages of its spermatogenic cells can be identified. After 4.75 Gy γ irradiation, the maximum rate of death of spermatogonial stem cells was observed at 18 h, and that of differentiating spermatogonia was at 12 h, followed by a peak in the extent of DNA fragmentation detected by the TUNEL assay. Dose–response curves for the death rate showed an obvious increase in the death rate for early-differentiating spermatogonia even after 0.11 Gy irradiation, whereas there were no such increases for spermatogonial stem cells and late-differentiating spermatogonia. In the male germ cells of this fish, the stage during spermatogenesis most sensitive to radiation-induced cell death is in early-differentiating spermatogonia, the immediate descendants of the stem cells. These spermatogonia may have a rigorous surveillance system for genomic lesions induced in spermatogonial stem cells.


Objective:To investigate the stimulative effects on the locomotor activity of mice induced by irrigation and intraperitoneal injection for the evidence in evaluating the effect of a drug on the central nervous system.Methods:Twenty-eight Kunming mice were randomized into group of irrigation(ig,n=14) or intraperitoneal injection (ip,n=14). All animals were habituated in the locomotion recording cage for 1h before the experiment. At 9:00 am of the first day,the locomotor activity of each mouse was recorded for 10 min,with 3 consecutive times. At 9:00 am of the second day,the animals in the two groups were given irrigation and intraperitoneal injection with 0.9 % NaCl saline at dose of 0.1 ml/10g,respectively,and the locomotor activity of each animal was kept immediately after the administration by the similar methods described above. Results:Two stimulations could significantly increase the locomotor activity of mice by 10 min(P0.05),but no difference was found between the two groups(P0.05). Conclusion:Both irrigation and intraperitoneal injection can relevantly stimulate the locomotor activity of mice,yet leading to the similar effect on the experimental animals.


This paper puts forward a new kind of model to evaluate the pipeline soil corrosion to determine the corrosive factors for long-distance buried transmission pipelines. The grey conjunction method is used to determine the sequence of soil corrosive factors, also including the improved analytic hierarchy process to analyze and determine the weight of each factor. Finally, the authors establish a subjection function along with fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate the corrosive condition of pipeline in service. In practical calculation,five main influencing corrosive factors are taken into account,including soil resistance, oxidative and deoxidized electric potential,pH value,water content and salt content,and five corresponding evaluation grades such as "very serious, serious, intermediate, light, terribly low" are established. The corrosive condition about 8 pipeline check points is evaluated, and finally the pipeline evaluating grade obtained,which is the same as the local fact. According to practical calculation,this method can be used in evaluating the soil corrosive condition of pipeline, and a scientific foundation for in-time maintenance and replacement of pipeline.


Deep learning with convolutional neural networks represents the most used approach in recent years in the classification of leaves' diseases. The literature has extensively addressed the problem using laboratory-acquired datasets with a homogeneous background. In this article, we explore the variability factors that influence the classification of plant diseases by analyzing the same plant and disease under different conditions, i.e., in the field and in the laboratory. Two plant species and five biotic stresses are analyzed using different architectures, such as EfficientB0, MobileNetV2, InceptionV2, ResNet50 and VGG16. Experiments show that model performance drops drastically when using representative datasets, and the features learned from the network to determine the class do not always belong to the leaf lesion. In the worst case, the accuracy drops from 92.67% to 54.41%. Our results indicate that while deep learning is an effective technique, there are some technical issues to consider when applying it to more representative datasets collected in the field.


Let $S$ be a nonsingular minimal complex projective surface of general type and the canonical map of $S$ is generically finite. Beauville showed that the geometric genus of the image of the canonical map is vanishing or equals the geometric genus of $S$ and discussed the canonical degrees for these two cases. We generalize his results to nonsingular minimal complex projective threefolds.


An atmospheric correction model was extended to account for various atmospheric radiation components in remotely sensed data. Components such as the atmospheric path radiance which results from singly scattered sky radiation specularly reflected by the water surface are considered. A component which is referred to as the virtual Sun path radiance, i.e. the singly scattered path radiance which results from the solar radiation which is specularly reflected by the water surface is also considered. These atmospheric radiation components are coded into a computer program for the analysis of multispectral remote sensor data over the Great Lakes of the United States. The user must know certain parameters, such as the visibility or spectral optical thickness of the atmosphere and the geometry of the sensor with respect to the Sun and the target elements under investigation.


Michel Odent ![][1]

Free Association Books, £12.95, pp 130

ISBN 1 85343 476 0

Rating: ![Graphic][2] ![Graphic][3] ![Graphic][4]

Michel Odent, who is perhaps best known for introducing birthing pools to obstetric wards, has written a slim but provocative book on the subject of love. Why write a scientific book about a subject best left to poets and songwriters? The answer, according to Odent, is because it's about time: "At a time when people are focusing on violence and the roots of violence, I am convinced that we can go a step further …

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Microtitration plate ELISAs were developed for the isoflavone daidzein, a phytoestrogen found mainly in soya and the mammalian metabolite of daidzein, equol. The detection limits in assay buffer were 21 pg per well for daidzein and 70 pg per well for equol. The assays were both highly specific. Human plasma was extracted with an organic solvent and standard curves for daidzein and equol were obtained in the presence of the extract. Applications of the assays are discussed.


With the Semantic Web, thesauri regain a relevant role supporting semantic searches and other added-value services. Thesaurus standards define the constructs a thesaurus can have and the integrity rules it must comply with. Thesaurus editors can be helped in their work if thesaurus tools offer them support for integrity, warning when integrity rules are violated and/or helping them to correct these mistakes. The most recent thesaurus standard is ISO 25964, which supersedes ISO 2788, evolving towards concept-based thesauri and better aligned with the Semantic Web approach than the term-based thesauri of ISO 2788. However, the W3C recommendation for Knowledge Organisation System (KOS) representation in the semantic web context is Simple Knowledge Organisation Systems (SKOS), which is in fact prior to ISO 25964. This article focuses on thesaurus integrity and the evolution from ISO 2788 to ISO 25964. Its effect on integrity issues is analysed. A methodological proposal for evaluating integrity support in thesaurus tools, arising from the results of this work, is presented. Its target audience is professionals in charge of thesaurus editing. Besides being adapted to the most recent thesaurus standard, ISO 25964, it also includes the comparison of ISO standards with SKOS. The article concludes with the presentation of the results obtained by applying the framework to three thesaurus tools.


Pregnancy is a physiological process that involves changes in organs andsystems, and adaptation to high altitude also involves physiological, biochemical and genetic changes. This has caused changes inthe hematological values. Pregnant women at sea level have a hemoglobin of 10 to 11 g/dl and a difference of 1,8 g / dl between pregnant and non-pregnant women. These values in pregnant women living at 3600 masl need to be determined.


Background information. Endothelial cells play a major role in angiogenesis, the process by which new blood vessels arise from a pre‐existing vascular bed. VEGF‐A (vascular endothelial growth factor‐A) is a key regulator of angiogenesis during both development and in adults. HGF (hepatocyte growth factor) is a pleiotropic cytokine that may promote VEGF‐A‐driven angiogenesis, although the signalling mechanisms underlying this co‐operation are not completely understood.


Abstract Chaco Culture National Historical Park in northwestern New Mexico contains a wealth of archaeological resources, including 150 large earth and masonry structures under active management and preservation. In response to loss of original fabric from exposure over the last 100 years and more, as well as from continuous cycles of maintenance and repair, an extensive and long-term reburial programme was embarked upon in the late 1980s. The overall context of the site and the decision to undertake reburial as a principal conservation strategy is described in Part I of this paper. Part II provides a summary of the results of partial reburial at Chetro Ked, one of the 'great houses' of the canyon, in which protection of original timber was the main objective. Most of the wood at Chetro Ked could be covered only by a shallow overburden of soil, necessitating a specialized reburial design and materials to exclude moisture. Recent evaluation of the efficacy of the wood reburial was undertaken. Problems and shortcomings that were identified have led to re-design of part of the reburial and more careful attention to quality control during the intervention, as well as to selection of more appropriate geosynthetic materials. Additional monitoring techniques have been developed to allow direct withdrawal of samples of wood for assessment of deterioration.


ABSTRACT: The main theme and idea of the project focuses on the fabrication of new fibre metal laminate. First one, it is made up of jute, coconut coir, trunk of coconut tree and aluminium. It simply said (FML-1) second one, it is made up of human hair fiber,jute fiber and aluminium.It simply said (FML-2) by this project we can change the materials used for the automobile applications and building construction etc. We analyzing the wood and ACP (Aluminium Composite Panel) with this hybrid laminate in this project. In this paper, the FML is designed by using uniform wear theory. The 3D model of Plate material has been prepared using modeling software Pro/E. In this the results are tabulated and graphically shown. Another contribution of this research also provides a platform or method for mechanical engineers to asses and evaluates performance and characters of FML.


Although, many studies have looked at a direct relationship between offshoring and productivity (growth), the effect of competition on the output market as an additional mechanism has been rarely addressed in empirical studies. Companies operate in an environment with different degrees of competition, which might be related to the amount of offshoring they carry out as well as their productivity performance. Two main results emerge. First, on the basis of a decomposition analysis, we find that for manufacturing sectors gains in output productivity growth were caused by faster growth in intermediate imports offsetting negative contribution of growth rates of labor. Secondly, our analysis suggests that offshoring of services have a positive impact on industrial TFP growth. These results are also confirmed for offshoring, under form of vertical specialization, of services and manufacturing on the TFP growth of service sectors. We considered various specifications of the empirical model. Finally, we find evidence that offshoring compresses competition. This can be explained by the fact that, given output prices, lower production costs lead to higher price cost margins.


The invention relates to a polycarboxylate water reducer for ultra-compact concrete for nuclear power and a preparation method of the polycarboxylate water reducer. Every 100 parts of the water reducer comprises components in parts by weight as follows: 50-55 parts of a dispersing ether type polycarboxylate water reducer, 20-25 parts of a slump retaining ether type polycarboxylate water reducer, 3-5 parts of a retarder, 0.01-0.05 parts of a defoaming agent, 1-3 parts of a water retaining agent, 1-2 parts of a shrinkage reducing agent, 0.1-0.3 parts of a preservative and the balance of water. The components are uniformly mixed in parts by weight during preparation. Compared with the prior art, the water reducer has the advantages as follows: concrete workability and liquidity are improved, a temperature peak value and a shrinkage value of the concrete are reduced, the internal porosity of the concrete is reduced, the self-compacting performance and the durability of the concrete are improved and the like; besides, the preparation method is simple, raw material sources are wide, the cost is low, and the water reducer is environment-friendly and has the good application prospect.


The paper seeks address an important topic: the recognition of danger signs of obstetric complications. As the authors rightly acknowledge "Awareness of the danger signs of obstetric complications among pregnant women and in their communities is the first step to accepting appropriate and timely referral to essential obstetric and newborn care, thus, reducing the first and second phases of delay". The issue being investigated by the authors is quite relevant to public health efforts to improve maternal health in developing countries and seek to achieve the fifth MDG. This notwithstanding, key issues need to be addressed or clarified before the manuscript is deemed publishable in the BMC-PCB journal. I detail below the key weaknesses of the paper.


We report a Li–S system with dual-phase electrolytes by taking advantage of the highly soluble lithium polysulfides (Li2Sn, 2 < n ≤ 8), and it shows an improved reaction kinetics associated with a low interfacial charge transfer resistance.


Abstract Group IVB metal oxides, both with and without ethylene thiourea (ETU) have been used to cure polyacrylic rubber (ACM). Curing characteristics and properties of the vulcanizates have been studied with a view to elucidate curing mechanism with special reference to the role of metal oxides (e.g. SnO, SnO2, PbO, PbO2 and Pb3 O4). Best results are obtained with Pb3O4 in the presence of ETU and with SnO in the absence of ETU. PbO-SnO or PbO2-SnO blends provide no synergistic effect. In the presence of ETU, the formation of metal sulphide and metal chloride in the vulcanizate is confirmed by XRD and XPS. Studies on IR spectra show that crosslink occurs at the C-Cl cure site of the polymer. Based on the experimental results a mechanistic reaction scheme has been put forward.


An excimer laser stepper has been developed for use in 0.5 µm pattern fabrication. The excimer laser stepper is characterized using a 5× monochromatic quartz lens (exposure area: 10×10 mm2) and a new KrF excimer laser whose oscillation spectrum is limited to a narrow band (FWHM=0.008 nm) by using an etalon. A speckle-free pattern exposure with half-micron order was possible using this apparatus. A resolution of 0.4 µm line and space pattern was obtained by single-layer resist process using a commercial deep UV resist, although its pattern profile was poor. A high-aspect ratio of 0.5 µm line and space pattern was obtained by a trilayer resist process. With this apparatus, a high throughput equivalent to that of a conventional g-line stepper can be expected.


A Forward Error Correction (FEC) scheme based on Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes, constructed using mutually orthogonal Latin rectangles, is presented in this paper. We show that LDPC codes provide a significant system performance improvement with respect to the state-of-the-art FEC schemes employed in optical communications systems.


The design and optimization of separation processes is carried out using process simulators which utilize various calculation approaches. Two techniques which are widely used for modeling distillation are the ideal stage model and the mass transfer model. The ideal stage model is relatively simple, but requires an overall efficiency for trays or a height equivalent of a theoretical stage for packing. The mass transfer model is significantly more computationally intensive and relies heavily on empirical equations for properties such as diffusivity, mass transfer coefficients and interfacial area. The primary emphasis of this paper will be on the application and comparison of the ideal stage and mass transfer models to systems with and without chemical reactions such as amine treating, glycol dehydration, reactive distillation and hydrocarbon separation columns. The advantages and disadvantages of each method will be discussed along with recommended guidelines for their application and use.


The principal sources of information about the structure of molecules in the free state are electron diffraction of gases, spectroscopy in the infrared, Raman and microwave regions, and x-ray diffraction of crystals. The past year has seen a continuation of the trends noted in the previous review by Beach (1). The general structural principles for most small molecules are reasonably well understood, and interest now is directed toward the under standing of variations of bond distances and angles in different molecules and the study of more complicated systems, such as larger molecules and the nature of intramolecular motions. The advances in experimental technique in electron and x-ray diffraction and the striking interpretations of pure rotational spectra in the microwave region are beginning to provide a body of information relating to interatomic parameters where the distances are reliable to 0.01 'A or better and the angles reliable to 30'. Some success is obtained in accounting for the observed inter atomic distances by modifying the sum of the covalent radii (14) with cor rections for ionic or multiple bond character (18), but it is apparent that there is a need for precise data from a largernumberof molecules. Accordingly, much of the work at the present time is concerned with improving experi mental techniques or with redetermining the structures of many molecules by the newer methods. Electron diffraction.-The need for the determination of a larger number of parameters has led many workers in the field of electron diffraction to search for increased sensitivity and objectivity. The early electron diffraction investigations were accomplished by the visual correlation technique, where calculated intensity patterns based on assumed models were compared with the visually observed diffraction pattern. As the complexity of the molecules studied increased and it became necessary to determine a larger number of parameters, it became increasingly difficult to arrive at a unique model. At the present time, many molecules are being reinvestigated and extensive work is being done to increase the accuracy and sensitivity of the experimen tal techniques. Recent papers by .the Karles (2, 3, 4) and Hastings & Bauer (5, 8) con tain detailed discussions of the effects of various experimental factors on the diffraction patterns: the proper design of a gas nozzle for introducing the sample into the electron beam, the effect of finite sampJe size and divergence of the beam, mUltiple scattering, the use of beam stops and rotating sectors, and the response characteristics of photographic emulsions.


The Batch-Constrained Q-learning algorithm is shown to overcome the extrapolation error and enable deep reinforcement learning agents to learn from a previously collected fixed batch of transitions. However, due to conditional Variational Autoencoders (VAE) used in the data generation module, the BCQ algorithm optimizes a lower variational bound and hence, it is not generalizable to environments with large state and action spaces. In this paper, we show that the performance of the BCQ algorithm can be further improved with the employment of one of the recent advances in deep learning, Generative Adversarial Networks. Our extensive set of experiments shows that the introduced approach significantly improves BCQ in all of the control tasks tested. Moreover, the introduced approach demonstrates robust generalizability to environments with large state and action spaces in the OpenAI Gym control suite.


Aim  The transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor‐1beta (HNF‐1β) is expressed in rodent pancreatic progenitor cells, where it is an important member of the genetic hierarchy that regulates the generation of pancreatic endocrine and exocrine cells. The recent description of an HNF‐1β mutation in a patient with neonatal diabetes suggests that HNF‐1β may also play a key role in human pancreatic B‐cell development. We aimed to investigate the role of HNF‐1β mutations in neonatal diabetes and also the impact of HNF‐1β mutations on fetal growth.


A theorem of Ritt states the a linearizer of a holomorphic function at a repelling fixed point is periodic if and only if the holomorphic map is conjugate to a power of $z$, a Chebyshev polynomial or a Latt\`es map. In this paper, we prove the analogous statement in the setting of strongly automorphic quasiregular mappings and uniformly quasiregular mappings in $\mathbb{R}^n$. Along the way, we characterize the possible automorphy groups that can arise via crystallographic orbifolds and a use of the Poincar\'e conjecture. We further give a classification of the behaviour of uniformly quasiregular mappings on their Julia set when the Julia set is a quasisphere, quasidisk or all of $\mathbb{R}^n$ and the Julia set coincides with the set of conical points. Finally, we prove an analogue of the Denjoy-Wolff Theorem for uniformly quasiregular mappings in $\mathbb{B}^3$, the first such generalization of the Denjoy-Wolff Theorem where there is no guarantee of non-expansiveness with respect to a metric.


The Ni-Mo-Zr heteropoly salt with Keggin structure has been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by IR and XRD.Efficiency of ultrasonic degradation of the heteropoly salt for the acidic-green B(AGB) dye as the objective compound was investigated,and the influence factors on the ultrasonic degradation efficiency,such as the amount of the heteropoly salt,the initial concentration and the pH value of the acidic-green B dye wastewater,were explored.The results show that newly synthesized Ni-Mo-Zr heteropoly salt had Keggin structure.When the amount of the heteropoly salt was 0.8 g/L,the initial concentration of the dye wastewater was 10 mg/L and the initial pH value of the wastewater was 5.0,and ultrasonic irradiation was carried out for 60 min at 40 kHz,the degradation rate was optimum and up to 90.2%.After dynamics analysis,it showed the degradation reaction was in accord with the first order dynamics model,and the degradation rate was decreased with the increasing of the initial concentration of the acidic-green B.


The essay compared the structural performance and economic benefit between semi-rigid base and flexible base. Analysis results show that it is possible flexible base to be applied in cold area and it has large applicability. Compared with semi-rigid base,flexible base is one structure type that is more reasonable,more superior performance,better economic benefits and better environment suitability.


The stability of bus voltage is the main target of DC microgrid operation. DC microgrid including constant power load, distributed generations employed droop control, and resistive load is investigated. The constant power load can reduce system stability margin, and even cause bus voltage oscillating. The droop control can share the current among different distributed generations, but it can result in the bus voltage deviating from the nominal stable operating point and even destroys the stable operation. Take into account above factors, the model of DC microgrid is established and its stability analysis is researched by using the method of Lyapunov and the corresponding constraints of stable operation are obtained. The stable region of the system with different parameters is explored. Finally, the MATLAB/Simulink simulation model of the DC microgrid is established and the simulation results verify the effectiveness and correctness of the analysis method.


Calcification of schirrous carcinoma of the stomach has been rarely shown by x-ray.'Y2 In the cases previously reported, the diagnosis was made by plain x-ray of the abdomen or by barium study of the stomach and d u ~ d e n u m . ~ , ~ We have had the opportunity to make the diagnosis of calcified neoplasia of the stomach by ultrasonography of the abdomen in two patients. The pres-ent communication is a report of the findings in these two cases


Cardiovascular diseases (CVd) lead causes of mortality in developed countries and are responsible for thousands of deaths each year. There are several factors directly related to the high incidence of cardiovascular events, and dyslipidemia are emerging as one of the most important risk factors, with emphasis to hypercholesterolemia. By means of a search in some databases, it is the objective to make a systematic review of literature of the period from 2000 to 2012 on diagnosis and treatment of hypercholesterolemia in adults, the most frequent mouth problems among Brazilian elders, and to get to know the main obstacles for the access to health services. data were obtained the databases PubMed, SciELO, MEdLINE and Sciencedirect. The twenty articles that complied with the criteria were summarized in a comparative table. The most frequently drugs used in the studies are of the statin class. This shows some evidence of their effectiveness in lowering cholesterol.


Hydrologic Unit Code (identification #) 1710031003 Watershed area/ownership Total: 104,371 acres BLM Ownership: 50,273 acres (48%) Non-federal Ownership: 54,098 acres (52%) Stream Miles assessed Total: 194.6 miles BLM Ownership: 65.4 miles (34%) Non-Federal Ownership: 129.2 miles (66%) 303(d) listed parameter Temperature Key Resources and uses Salmonid, domestic, agricultural, aesthetic Known Impacts (human) Timber harvest, roads, agriculture, mining, water withdrawals, residential, urban and transportation infrastructures Natural Factors Varied geology, shallow soils, low water holding capacity resulting in low summer flows, East to West orientation


Abstract. The essence of the economic category "quality of life" and "standard of living" is determined. The system of living standards recommended by the UN, the national matrix of quality of life indicators, the main international systems for assessing the population quality of life, the objective and subjective approach to its assessment are considered. The purpose of the study is to systematize indicators of the standard and quality of life of the population, the study of the demographic component of their assessment in the context of human development. It was found that today there is no single definition of "quality of life" (scientists supplement it based on the main purpose of their own research) and a single approach to its evaluation. It is determined that among the various methods and approaches to assessing the use of demographic indicators is quite limited. The characteristic of the basic demographic indicators which can be applied in research both standard and quality of life of the population is given. The main demographic indicators of measuring the quality of life of the population in Ukraine and in Mykolayiv region are determined and analyzed. Keywords: quality of life, standard of living; indicators; demographic characteristics; subjective assessments; objective assessments; natural decrease; life expectancy; birth rate; mortality.


Potential of trap crops are mainly measured by two properties, high attractivity for oviposition and low suitability for growth and development. In the present study, six biological parameters of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus, 1758), including larval survival, larval developmental time, pupal survival, pupal developmental time, pupal weight and adult sex ratio were evaluated on five different cruciferous host plants, namely, Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, Brassica pekinensis, Sinapis alba, Sinapis arvensis and Alyssum maritima in laboratory experiments to determine their suitability for diamondback moth growth and development. Observed adult sex ratios had no significant deviation from the expected ratio of 1:1 and pupal survival did not show meaningful difference among host plants. The other four biological parameters had significant differences on host plants in such a way that the longest larval developmental time (9.9 days), the least larval survival (21.2%), the longest pupal developmental time (5.6 days) and the least pupal weight (2.6 mg) obtained on A. maritima. Based on results, A. maritima had low suitability for diamondback moth growth and development.


This study applies analytic hierarchy process (AHP), 0-1 integer programming and other systematic programming models, combined with the needs of manufacturers to build a set of mathematical models to help manufacturers select suppliers, control raw material ordering costs, and transporting costs. As the production costs of products is linked to the ordering and transporting of raw materials, manufacturers need to choose suitable raw material suppliers and develop the most economical ordering and transporting schemes with the most negligible loss so as to improve profits and enhance the market competitiveness. Taking a building and decorative plate enterprise as a case, this model shows that AHP can effectively quantify the supplying characteristics of suppliers and obtain a list of high-quality suppliers. LINGO software combined with linear programming can be used to obtain the optimal weekly ordering and transporting schemes, thus reducing the raw material ordering costs and transporting losses. It is shown from the results that the production costs of enterprises from the source can be reduced so as to improve their cost control system. The present study seeks to fill the gap in ordering and transporting raw materials for manufacturers to control production costs. At the same time, this model provides references for producers who have the demand for processing raw materials and play a significant role in controlling production costs.


Summary form only given. The paper mentions that counterfeit components are a continuing headache for the electronics industry. The UK Electronics Alliance intends to launch a website to let engineers share information on fake components in an attempt to stem the flow of damaging counterfeits from the Far East.


Smart grid is critical to the success of next generation of power grid, which is expected to be characterized by efficiency, cleanliness, security, and privacy. In this paper, aiming to tackle the security and privacy issues of power injection, we propose an efficient and privacy-aware power injection (EPPI) scheme suitable for advanced metering infrastructure and 5G smart grid network slice. In EPPI, each power storage unit first blinds its power injection bid and then gives the blinded bid together with a signature to the local gateway. The gateway removes a partial blind factor from each blinded bid and then sends to the utility company aggregated bid and signature by using a novel aggregation technique called hash-then-addition. The utility company can get the total amount of collected power at each time slot by removing a blind factor from the aggregated bid. Throughout the EPPI system, both the gateway and the utility company cannot know individual bids and hence user privacy is preserved. In particular, EPPI allows the utility company to check the integrity and authenticity of the collected data. Finally, extensive evaluations indicate that EPPI is secure and privacy-aware and it is efficient in terms of computation and communication cost.


The fifth generation (5G) wireless systems is new technology for high data rate to use in the millimeter-wave band or below 6 GHz band. It is necessary to look for more candidate frequency bands for 5G because of increasing traffic demands. This paper provides a study of the co-channel interference analysis from 5G system to fixed satellite service(FSS) downlink in the 3.8 GHz band. We suggest the appropriate sharing condition between 5G and the FSS earth station(ES) to protect FSS ES from interference due to the 5G BSs simultaneous transmission. Our study can be applied to plan 5G deployment without interference to other system.


The stressing of engaging transmitting are analyzed according to the installation parameter of big gear pairs of Laigang No.1 750m\+3 BF hoist at intermediate relining, then the effect of level, center space and axes line parallel on the noises of big gear pairs produced by vibration is summarized, and the adjusting measures are put forward as well.


We thank Dr Sardar and colleagues for their interest in our recent article1 and appreciate the opportunity to reply. We agree that medication adherence is associated with clinical outcomes and remains an important issue in clinical drug trials. Unfortunately, there are no definite methods for assessing adherence to medications. In our study, pill count was used to determine medication adherence, and pharmacy data were electronically checked by medical insurance system. Medical adherence in this type of study is considered generally poor. Even in the Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcome (PLATO) trial, medical adherence was ≈80%.2 In this context, we believe that medical adherence in our study seems to be acceptable.

Time from index procedure to randomization was rather variable, but most patients were enrolled between 12 …


The microscopic theory of the nonlinear interaction of coherent radiation with the quantum electrodynamic vacuum is developed. The evolution equation for a single-particle density matrix is solved in the multiphoton resonant approximation. The obtained solutions disclose Rabi oscillations and resonant multiphoton excitations of the Dirac sea. On the basis of the numerical simulations, we examine the rates of harmonics radiation at the electron–positron annihilation in the field of a strong pump wave.


PART ONE: ADOPTION POLICIES AND MACRO CONCERNS Introduction Theoretical Paradigms and Research Findings Adoption and the Indian Socio-Political Context Socio-Cultural Dimensions of Adoption in India PART TWO: MICRO ISSUES: EXPERIENCES OF PARENTS AND CHILDREN Researching Adoption The Cultural Reality Alternative Parenting Construction of the Self in an Adopted Child Family Interactions and Self-Evaluations


PURPOSE
This study evaluated the effect of residual water included within the FT-IR spectra on the calculation of the degree of conversion (DC) of a self-etching adhesive (SEA).

MATERIALS AND METHODS
FT-IR spectra of a SEA (Adper Prompt SE, 3M ESPE) were obtained for different amounts of dentin powder, agitation times, and light-curing times. The measured DC (mDC) obtained from the IR spectra was compared to the apparent DC (aDC) from the adjusted IR spectra using the water subtraction algorithm (WSA), by which the water absorption band was subtracted from the obtained IR spectrum.

RESULTS
When the SEA was mixed with 10 mg of dentin powder, the aDC was significantly higher than the mDC immediately after light curing (paired t-test, p < 0.001). With the increase in the amount of dentin powder, the mDC immediately after curing and the difference between the mDC and the aDC gradually increased. The amount of dentin powder, light-curing time, square of light-curing time, and time until measurement were the variables that significantly affected the aDC (linear mixed model, p < 0.05). However, the agitation time did not affect the aDC or the difference between the mDC and the aDC, except at 20 s.

CONCLUSION
When the DC of SEA itself is measured with FT-IR, the mDC needs to be adjusted with the water subtraction algorithm. Clinically, SEA needs to be applied under conditions of prolonged contact with the dentin substrate and vigorous and prolonged drying.


Phospholipase D (EC 188.8.131.52) from Streptomyces sp. catalyzed the transfer reaction of the dipalmitoylphosphatidyl residue from l,2-dipalmitoyl-3-sn-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) to both arbutin and kojic acid in a biphasic system, to afford 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-sn-phosphatidylarbutin (DPP-arbutin) and l,2-dipalmitoyl-3-sn-phosphatidylkojic acid (DPP-kojic acid), respectively. The transfer reaction of DPPC was accompanied by hydrolysis to phosphatidic acid, and the ratio was significantly affected with organic solvents used in the biphasic system. DPP-arbutin and DPP-kojic acid showed almost the same inhibitory activity to tyrosinase (EC 184.108.40.206) from mushroom as arbutin and kojic acid, respectively.


: Driven by the ongoing evolution in mobile technologies and the increasing popularity of the internet, the use of the mobile medium for marketing purposes is becoming more and more popular to marketers whose aim is definitely to promote their goods and services to the consumer, regardless on which way. There is no other marketing channel that is as personal, as pervasive and provides the opportunity for proximity to connect with consumers in the right place and time-that's the power of mobile. Since many people are still unaware of the potential of marketing via mobile devices this research aimed to examine factors based on content of mobile marketing (information, entertainment, credibility, irritation, utility) and personalization factor that are affecting the formation of attitude toward mobile marketing targeting BH consumers, and also will try bring to light the response behavior of consumers attitude toward mobile marketing practices and how consumers perceive mobile marketing in BH.
The research approach for this study is descriptive and the data will be collected by online surveys from young population of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH). The focus of survey content will be different variables that affect consumer attitude toward mobile marketing and the findings will show which variables have positive effect and which have negative effect on consumers' attitude.
Keywords: Marketing Channel, Mobile marketing, Survey, Consumer Attitude.


A dendritic amphiphilic block copolymer H40‐poly(d,l‐lactide)‐block‐d‐α‐tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (H40‐PLA‐b‐TPGS) is synthesized, which is then employed to develop a system of nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with docetaxel (DTX) as a model drug for cancer treatment due to its higher drug‐loading content and drug encapsulation efficiency, smaller particle size, faster drug release, and higher cellular uptake in comparison to the linear PLA polymer NPs and PLA‐b‐TPGS copolymer NPs. The drug‐loaded NPs are prepared by a modified nanoprecipitation method and characterized in terms of size and size distribution, surface morphology, drug release profile, and physical state of DTX. Cellular uptake of coumarin 6‐loaded NPs by MCF‐7 cancer cells is determined by flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The antitumor efficacy of the drug‐loaded NPs is investigated in vitro by MTT assay and in vivo by xenograft tumor model. The 72 h IC50 of the drug formulated in the PLA, PLA‐b‐TPGS, and H40‐PLA‐b‐TPGS NPs is found to be, 1.5 ± 0.3, 0.9 ± 0.1, and 0.15 ± 0.06 μg mL−1, which are 7.3, 12.2, and 73.3‐fold effective than 11.0 ± 1.2 μg mL−1 for Taxotere, respectively. Such advantages are further confirmed by the measurement of the tumor size and weight.


We explored the risk factors for gallbladder cancer and explanations for its sharp and constant incidence increase in Chile since the 1970s. We compared 114 consecutive patients with verified gallbladder cancer, diagnosed 1992–1995, to 114 matched hospital patients with gallstones, using conditional logistic regression analysis. Low education showed a nonsignificant positive relationship with gallbladder cancer [odds ratio (OR) = 2.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.8–6.2], and low socioeconomic level showed a significant relationship (OR = 5.0, 95% CI 1.5–17.3). A very long history of gallstone disease was significantly more prevalent among cases (OR = 11.0, 95% CI 1.4–85.2). Significant red chili pepper consumption was observed in gallbladder cancer patients (OR = 2.9, 95% CI 1.6–5.2). Low intake of both fresh fruit and sugar as soft drinks was associated with gallbladder cancer, with ORs of 6.4 (95% CI 1.4–30.3) and 3.6 (95% CI 1.3–10.1), respectively. Multivariate analysis kept only a very low socioeconomic status and red chili pepper consumption as significant independent risk factors for gallbladder cancer, ORs of 6.3 (95% CI 1.7–23.0) and 3.2 (95% CI 1.7–5.9). Longstanding gallstone cases were removed from the multivariate model because all were in the low and very low socioeconomic groups, reinforcing the association. Patients with gallbladder cancer differed from matched controls by exhibiting lower socioeconomic levels, having a much longer history of gallstone disease and presenting a dietary pattern characterized by high red chili pepper consumption and low fresh fruit intake. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


This volume is dedicated to the life work of Ray Chambers, who was continually seeking ways to stimulate and advance the development of a demonstrably rigorous and serviceable system of accounting. This search for an ideal led Chambers into myriad environments, an aspect of his life exhaustively illustrated in his "Aide Memoire," which forms part of this memorial volume.


The first part in this research, was screened six strains of Geomyces spp. isolated from King George Island in the Maritime Antarctica for chitinase enzyme. Initially, microfungi were grown at 4 °C and 25 °C on a series of plates each containing 1% colloid chitin, 0.5% (NH4)2SO4, 0.05% MgSO4.7H2O, 0.24% KH2PO4, 0.06% K2HPO4.3H2O and 1.5% agar. Colony radius and hydrolytic activity were measured and a relative activity index (RA) constructed. Relative activity values at 25 ˚C were higher than at 4 ˚C. Only Geomyces sp. 5 (AKA7KGI102 R1-4) showed significant chitinase activity at both temperatures. Obviously, effective hydrolysis occurred at mesophilic temperatures.
Second part, is quantification of enzyme by growing the selected strains on liquid medium at 25 ˚C. The selected strains were Geomyces sp. 1 (AKA7KGI601 R3-1) and Geomyces sp. 5 (AKA7KGI102 R1-4). Shake flask culture was carried out to produce chitinase enzyme using colloid chitin as the reference substrate. It was observed that protein concentration and N-acetylglucosamine production from Geomyces sp. 5 (AKA7KGI102 R1-4) was higher than from Geomyces sp. 1 (AKA7KGI601 R3-1). Optimization of culture medium was conducted in order to enhance enzyme activity. Medium with pH 6.5 exhibited the optimum chitinase activity and incubation temperature at 37 ˚C increase chitinase activity.
However, potential Geomyces spp. have a great interest for used in future research. For its ability to produce chitinase at different temperatures it could be valuable in various biotechnological application.


An old-fashioned recipe for real time.- Verifying automata specifications of probabilistic real-time systems.- The theory of timed automata.- Logics and models of real time: A survey.- The state operator in real time process algebra.- Timed process algebras with urgent interactions and a unique powerful binary operator.- Time in state based formal description techniques for distributed systems.- Real-time and the Mu-Calculus (preliminary report).- Implementing reactive programs on circuits a hardware implementation of LUSTRE.- Semantics and completeness of Duration Calculus.- Timed transition systems.- Compositional verification of real-time systems using extended Hoare triples.- Semantics of reactive systems in abstract time.- Problems, promises and performance: some questions for real-time system specification.- Abstraction in real time process algebra.- (Real) time: A philosophical perspective.- Specification and analysis of resource-bound real-time systems.- Forward and backward simulations for timing-based systems.- Prom timed to hybrid systems.- Coping with implementation dependencies in real-time system verification.- Validating real-time systems by executing logic specifications.- An overview and synthesis on timed process algebras.- From ATP to timed graphs and hybrid systems.- Verification of safety critical systems using TTM/RTTL.- Predicative specification of timed processes.- Putting time into proof outlines.- Timed CSP: Theory and practice.- A specification of the cat and mouse problem.- Layering and action refinement for timed systems.


Abstract This paper considers the historical antecedent of Cardinal Latino's specific interdiction against women's clothing that exhibited frontal exposure as evoked by Forese Donati in Purgatorio 23, situating this interdiction within the history of sumptuary counsel and legislation. This gendered aspect of Dante's history of Florence is informed by the political discourse of sumptuary excess amongst Florentine elite families and the tensions amongst such families, both those which had true claims to nobility (such as the Donati), and the upwardly mobile mercantile elite (such as the Cerchi). Dante's choice of Forese Donati as the speaker of this invective carries implications for Dante's political thought, as it reflects the concerns of the popolo more than those of elite families. This essay relates the intersection of political critique, concupiscence, and virility to the insufficient covering of Nella in the tenzone between Dante and Forese Donati and elsewhere in the Purgatorio, reading the exposed female body as a signifier of civic decadence and church corruption.


Restoration of endodontically treated teeth represents a great challenge to the dentist due to several limiting and undermining factors that affect the quality of the final restoration. Aim: This study aimed to compare two different endodontic access preparations concepts– traditional vs modern caries driven access cavity preparation-and their effect on the final restoration of the endodontically treated teeth taking in consideration the material of final restoration, regarding the effect of the access design and the afterwards restoration design and material effect on the fracture resistance of the restoration. Methodology: a total number of 120 human permanent molars were used in this study (in-vitro), all were divided into 2 main groups –60 molar each-classified according to the design of the endodontic access cavity performed in the molars of the first group which were accessed through traditional design of access cavity with subsequent root canal treatment for the teeth. While the second group was accessed through a modern access cavity design called caries/restoration driven access cavity, in which the access was guided by caries where less natural tooth structure is removed. Each group was then restored with a different type of restoration, and all were subject to testing for fracture resistance. Results: Less invasive endodontic therapy seeks to improve traditional endodontic treatment by establishing a highly accurate access cavity (AC) that will subsequently results in increased strength of the endodontically treated tooth through preserving more natural tooth structure and less restoration margins exposed to the occlusal stresses. Conclusion: The involvement in functional activity could be kept promoting fracture resistance. Endodontic new ACs were recently created to decrease tooth structure loss. With the introduction of microscopes and enhanced root canal equipment, the preparation of the conservative access opening has evolved to a new level. The conservation of the cervical dentin is a particularly significant element in sustaining the normal function and durability of the restored tooth. So, this study has shown that minimally invasive endodontics can be considered a challenge to the standard approach.


Echoing the call for 'no taxation without representation', the development of modern taxation went hand‐in‐hand with Western democratisation. However, taxation appears to have lost its role in the third wave of democratisation. Unlike early democratisers, contemporary autocracies tend to introduce a ready‐made modern taxation system before democratisation. With advice from international organisations, the value added tax (VAT), which mature democracies innovated, has been adopted for economic adjustment and development in globalised markets. Despite these divergences, it is argued in this article that a fundamental relationship between taxation and representation remains. Taxation inherently involves a social contract between revenue‐seeking rulers and citizens, and thus involves their bargaining over representation. Therefore, the production of state revenue intervenes in contemporary democratisation as well. By factoring in the effect of the VAT in 143 developing countries between 1960 and 2007, an entropy‐balancing analysis has confirmed its important role in contemporary democratisation. The taxation‐democratisation linkage has travelled from early to contemporary democratisation.


Populations of Artemia from two Cuban salterns [El Real, Camaguey (CM) and Frank Pais, Guantanamo (CGA)], where evaluated to determine systematic position and possibilities to be used in aquaculture. Size of hydrated and decapsulated cysts, average corion width, nauplii size, as well as morphometric measurements in 100 adult males and females were determined for each population. Results were compared with information from six populations of Artemia, using complete linkage and Euclidean distances. Statistical differences were found between the two studied populations that could be due differences in climate conditions, nevertheless both belong to the superspecies A. franciscana. Nauplii from Cuban populations had small body size, between 401 and 421 µm, which is suitable for aquaculture purposes.


In the field of power semiconductor devices, thermal stress estimation is of substantial importance in the application of lifetime estimation, over-temperature protection, and other fields. However, conventional thermal stress estimation methods of power semiconductor devices perform imprecise and inefficient. First, the external thermal path model of target device is always neglected, which may influence the thermal performance of the inner device and the whole system. Second, the electrical and thermal stress mission profiles are completely separated, and the low-integrated electrothermal model may over-occupy calculation resources. In this paper, a fast electrothermal estimation of power semiconductor device based on complex mission profile is proposed. Neglecting the thermal-insensitive electrical stress in high-frequency bandwidth, the electrical stress is remodeled as the big-signal model. Considering the external thermal paths, a frequency-domain thermal model is applied, for the correction of heat flow. The electrical and thermal models are highly integrated with a signal transmission interface, and all the electrothermal models are realized through digital filters in digital processors. Experiment results are provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


I. When the curtains of revelation were again drawn back, to disclose the symbols in which the mystery of God was being unfolded to the mind of the youthful prophet, he beheld four horns. This is all he says, being too sparing of description. But, as in the foregoing vision he certainly meant, when he mentioned horses, to imply that there were riders upon them, so here behind the horns our imagination is intended to supply the animals to which they belong. The horns were not detached or quiescent, but the weapons of rude and violent strength, pushing behind them. When the prophet asked &dquo;the angel who talked with him&dquo; what these horns were, the reply was, &dquo;These are the horns which have scattered Judah, Israel, and Jerusalem.&dquo; They were images of the destructive attacks to which the native land of the prophet was exposed. The number four may perhaps most naturally be understood to refer to the four cardinal directions, and to mean that the country was menaced on


Ab-initio study on modification of commerce terahertz spectrometer with time resolution Z-3 (Zomega, USA) by substitution of ZnTe and GaP detectors and LT-GaAs generator for homemade of pure and S-doped GaSe is carried out. It was established that in spite of not optimized parameters pure and doped GaSe:S(0.3 mass%) crystal are comparable, relatively, in generation efficiency and detection sensitivity to commerce units due to lower nonlinear optical loss and much higher damage threshold. The advantages are in force from pump fluences of below 5 mJ/cm2 for pure GaSe. The closer S-doping to optimal concentration, the lover fluences resulting in the advantages. Pure and S-doped GaSe demonstrate higher reliability and larger dynamic range of operation. Recorded absorption spectra well match known spectra.


This paper attempts to highlight the main factors have potential affect purchasing behaviour in term of organic food. For this purpose several articles have been reviewed. Besides, some famous theories such as Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) (Ajzen&Fishbein, 1980) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) (Ajzen, 1991) as basic theories are applied to propose a new framework.


Instructed second language acquisition (ISLA), remains a growing subfield within the discipline of second language acquisition (SLA) (Nassaji 2016). It is well known that some SLA research purporti...


Let $m,n\in \mathbb{N}$. For all $i\in \{1,2,\dots,m\}$, $j\in \{1,2,\dots,n\}$, choose constants $X_i,Y_j > 0$, $M\in (0,1]$ and let $(x_{ij})\in (0,\infty)^{m\times n}$ be such that $\sum_{j=1}^n x_{ij} = X_i$, $\sum_{i=1}^m x_{ij} = Y_j$ and $\sum_{i=1}^m X_i = \sum_{j=1}^n Y_j = M$. We prove that the ratio of gamma functions \begin{equation*} a \mapsto \frac{\prod_{i=1}^m \Gamma(a X_i + 1) \prod_{j=1}^n \Gamma(a Y_j + 1)}{\prod_{i=1}^m \prod_{j=1}^n \Gamma(a x_{ij} + 1)} \end{equation*} is logarithmically completely monotonic on $(0,\infty)$. This result complements the logarithmically complete monotonicity of multinomial probabilities shown in Ouimet (2018); Qi et al. (2018), and the recent survey of Qi & Agarwal (2019) on the complete monotonicity of functions related to ratios of gamma functions. As a consequence of the log-convexity, we obtain new combinatorial inequalities for multinomial coefficients.


The properties of polymers are changed by the influence of degradation processes. Easy to notice are changes in color caused by the formation of chemical groups absorbing the light spectrum in the visible region. The changes in color can, therefore, be determined and measured by sufficiently sensitive photometers, especially because the changes in the visible region are preceded very often by changes in the UV-region.

Mechanical properties, as well as rheological properties (and consequently the processa-bility of polymers), depend on the relaxation spectrum which is sensitive to changes in the molecular weight distribution of the polymers.

The molecular weight distribution is changed by the influence of degradation as a consequence of crosslinking, chain scission, and depolymerization.

The questions concerning the influence of degradation processes on the molecular weight distribution of the polymers have hitherto been given less attention than the question regarding the color changes, although these, too, are of considerable importance.

The determination of the gel content and the limit viscosity numbers which are usually employed as a measure for successive degradation processes is less suitable than the determination of the molecular weight distribution, as it gives less information especially in the initial stage of degradation and its interpretation is often difficult.

The aim of this paper is to create a simple model suitable for a computer which would make possible the simulation of the influence of degradation processes on the molecular weight distribution. The results thus obtained should serve as a basic material for a detailed study of these questions.


Crystals of the title compound, [N3P3(NMe2)6H]2CoCl4, are orthorhombic, a = 34.623, b = 13.964, c = 10.486 A, Z = 4, space group P212121. The structure was determined by Patterson and electron-density methods and refined by full-matrix least-squares procedures to R = 0.088 for 2178 observed reflexions. Both rings are slightly non-planar, with three distinct pairs of NP bonds: commencing at the protonated nitrogen atom, 1.68, 1.56, and 1.58 A. The CoCl42− ion is tetrahedral and is hydrogen bonded to both rings, N—H … Cl = 3.32, 3.36 A.


The adoption of agility at a large scale often requires the integration of agile and non-agile development practices into hybrid software development and delivery environment. This chapter addresses software testing related issues for Agile software application development. Currently, the umbrella of Agile methodologies (e.g. Scrum, Extreme Programming, Development and Operations – i.e., DevOps) have become the preferred tools for modern software development. These methodologies emphasize iterative and incremental development, where both the requirements and solutions evolve through the collaboration between cross-functional teams. The success of such practices relies on the quality result of each stage of development, obtained through rigorous testing. This chapter introduces the principles of software testing within the context of Scrum/DevOps based software development lifecycle.


The full-length cDNA of a presumed glycine-rich ribonucleic acid(RNA) binding protein(ThGRP1) gene was isolated from a cDNA library of Tamarix hispida leaves.The ThGRP1 gene with 800 bp in length contains 432-base pair(bp) open reading frame(ORF) and encodes a 143-amino-acid polypeptide with a predicted molecular weight of 14.95 kDa and pI of 5.36.Expression of ThGRP1 in roots,stems and leaves of T.hispida with PEG,NaCl,NaHCO3 or CdCl2 treatments was studied using real-time PCR.The results showed that ThGRP1 can be induced by these stresses.Especially,the expression of ThGRP1 in roots of T.hispida was induced under all stresses at 6,12,24,48 and 72 h.


Developing efficient earth-abundant oxygen electrocatalysts is quite significant for the commercialization of Zn-air batteries. In this study, we report novel Fe2.55Sb2 alloy nanoparticles with a mean diameter of 30-40 nm...