The Eveline strain of STU mouse embryo cells, which are chronically infected with Friend leukemia virus, produces on the average 6.1 mg of virus protein per liter of cell supernatant fluids. Mouse L-cells, which produce endogenous C-type virions, yield about 0.13 mg of virion protein. Similarly, by thin-section studies, about 20 times more virions were found to be associated with Eveline cells as compared to L-cells. This 20- to 50-fold greater number of virions, observed both in the harvest from supernatant fluids and associated with the cells, cannot be attributed to an increase in the number of particles budding from the outer surface membrane because both cell lines showed a similar average of 0.7 to 0.8 budding, "immature" C-type particles per cell per thin section. However, there were morphologically quantifiable differences between the cell lines. Single thin sections of Eveline cells, as compared to L-cells, exhibited about a 3-fold higher yield in: ( a ) the total amount of apparent cytoplasmic "vacuoles;" ( b ) the number of virions budding into or contained in these vacuoles; and ( c ) the number of virions present in the cytoplasm. These increases probably account in part for the relatively greater production of Friend leukemia virus in Eveline mouse cells.

A further characterization of the vacuoles by serial thin-section studies showed that, in many instances, they represented intracytoplasmic invaginations of the outer surface. We still could not rule out the possibility that, in some instances, the vacuoles were true cytoplasmic structures. In both instances, however, an increased membrane surface area has been provided for the budding of C-type viruses.


OBJIECTIVE] To study the relativities of human body temperature with human blood group, sex. [METHODS] The students in class 4, grade 00, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Huainan Teacher's College were selected randomly as test targets with statistic method of sampling with whole group. Their basic body temperatures had been examined for ten days by armpit with clinical mercury thermometer at 6:00 on every morning. The test data were analyzed using statistic software of SPSS to, and then the impacts of human blood group, sex on human body temperature were discussed. [RESULTS] The body temperatures of test group with blood model B were remarkably different from that of test group with blood model O. There were also remarkable differences of basic body temperatures between men and women. [CONCLUSION] The mean value of basic body temperature of people with blood model B was slightly higher than that of people with blood model O. Man basic body temperature was slightly lower than woman's.


Anti-depressant and anti-anxiety effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae extract and its hydrolyzed fraction. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae extract (SCE) and its hydrolyzed fraction (SCE-40) on depression and anxiety-related behaviors in mice. Actions of SCE and SCE-40 on serotonin, norepinephrine and GABAergic systems in the rat cerebral cortex membranes were also examined. SCE and SCE-40 significantly reduced the immobility time in the forced swimming and tail suspension test in mice. Duration time of the open arms in the elevated plus maze test was significantly increased in the SCE and SCE-40-treated groups, compared with the saline-treated control group. SCE and its fraction SCE-40 significantly inhibited serotonin and norepinephrine transporter and GABA receptor binding, compared to the saline-treated group. In addition, serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake were significantly suppressed by SCE and SCE-40. These results demonstrate that SCE and SCE-40 produce anti-depressant and anti-anxiety effects through enhancing central serotonin, norepinephrine and GABAergic transmissions. These results suggest that SCE and SCE-40 as functional food might prove to be an effective antidepressant and anti-anxiety agent.


The literature on how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected vote choice provides evidence of both 'rally-'round-the-flag' effects and the influence of perceived government pandemic performance. However, this evidence concerns short-term effects. Much less is known about how COVID-19-related economic changes and government measures in response to the pandemic have affected vote choice over a longer period. Using a post-election survey from the Czech Republic fielded in October 2021, we examine the effect of pandemic-related issues on support for governing parties in an election one and a half years after the pandemic started, focusing on a general evaluation of the economy and of government pandemic performance and on individual economic and health-related experiences of COVID-19. First, a negative health-related experience of COVID-19 did not affect vote choice. Second, only business loss negatively affected governmental support; job loss had no effect. Third, retrospective evaluations of the national economy and government pandemic performance affected vote choice, while retrospective evaluation of one's personal economic situation did not. Fourth, the majority of the above-mentioned effects drove support for the dominant governing party (ANO) and only in a limited way support for the junior cabinet partner (ČSSD).


A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Article history: Received: 06 September, 2017 Accepted: 11 October, 2017 Online: 19 October, 2017 Metal housing has been used extensively on portable communication devices such as on mobile phones and tablets. The choice of metal housing ranges from metallic rim to metallic back cover. This metal housing tends to improve the outlook appearance of the mobile devices, and add mechanical strength towards the mobile devices. However, from the aspect of the communication antenna, the metal housing often posts great challenges towards the flexibility in antenna design and reduction in antenna performance. This paper presents an approach to overcome the challenges by integrating the metal housing of the mobile phone as part of the antenna, along with the introduction of tunable antenna concept to provide different forms of Aperture Tuning to the Cellular Main Antenna, to satisfy its wide frequency band coverages for the 2, 3 and 4 Generation (2G, 3G and 4G) mobile network.


Application of SLP method in design course of general layout of steel shearing and distribution center is introduced. The design course includes basic clement analysis, logistics analysis, interrelation analysis of non-logistics between operation units and general layout, etc.


In a context favourable to renewable energies, various aquifers are studied to supply heating and/or cooling systems. The groundwater flow and heat transport are modelled in the alluvial aquifer of the river Meuse in providing an integrated tool for assessing the feasibility of a low energy air cooling/heating system for a large office building by pumping groundwater and discharging it in the river after being heated/cooled by using heat pumps. First, a comparative sensitivity analysis is performed using different codes for assessing the influence of coupling and non linearities on the main parameters due to the temperature evolution in function of time. Then, assuming that the aquifer temperature variation is weak enough to neglect its influence on hydrodynamics and thermal parameters, the MT3DMS and HydroGeoSphere codes are used for modelling the actual case-study. In practice, the worst case scenario considered by the project manager is the cooling of the office building during the hottest summer conditions. So, the influence of the warm water from the river Meuse is computed as it constitutes the major limiting factor. An optimisation of the pumping schema is computed to maximise the efficiency of the system.


In 2014, Indonesia ractified the ASEAN Agreement on TransboundaryHaze Pollution. Indonesia, as the country who is responsible for transboundary haze pollution, ractified it after 12 years long delay. The delay gave off indications of domestic issues such as law overlaps, corruption, sovereignity dispute and weak law enforcement, which would have hindered the effective use of the agreement's implementation. The decision to keep ractifying the agreement only showed the negligence of the mentioned domestic issue. Furthermore, ineffectivity the ractification would inevitably brought was also neglected. For dissecting this issues, this paper uses constructivism approach to explain Indonesia's reasons for ractifying the agreement despite all the signs. This paper founds two reasons, keeping the positive image of Indonesia as a committed country against climate change and the shift of ASEAN's core norm, nonintervention, to integrated regional cooperation. On which, the new norm, this paper found, contradicts the used-to highly hailed former norm.


11049 Background: Studies of normal DNA variation have identified several common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with susceptibility to breast cancer. It is not known whether common SNPs are associated with breast cancer outcomes.

METHODS
Subjects were Ashkenazi Jewish women with familial breast cancer and without BRCA mutations. Subjects were genotyped on an Affymetrix 500K SNP platform in the first phase of a genome-wide association study seeking susceptibility loci (Gold et. al, Proc Natl Acad Sci 2008;105:4340). Clinical variables and outcomes for these women were abstracted from medical records. Using a Cox proportional hazards model, we assessed associations between clinical outcomes and the 111 SNPs that were most significantly associated with susceptibility in the case-control study and heterozygous in the subset of affected patients. Dominant, codominant, and recessive models were explored. A secondary analysis assessed associations with recurrence of 48,562 additional SNPs that were not strongly associated with susceptibility.

RESULTS
The 173 subjects were a median of 51 years of age at diagnosis (range 27-74). Median follow-up for surviving subjects was 85.5 months. Most cancers (74.6%) were T1/T2; 62% were N0. Most were ER positive (81.5%), HER2 negative (87.5%). For the entire group, the 5- and 10-year freedom from recurrence was 84% and 72%, respectively. The 5- and 10-year overall survival was 94% and 86%, respectively. Minor alleles at rs6439927 (within CLSTN2,calsyntenin2, a post-synaptic calcium-binding membrane protein, MAF 27%) and rs7943562 ( linked to GALNTL4, an N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, MAF 47%) were most strongly associated with disease recurrence (log likelihood ratio chi square P=0.003 and P=0.002, respectively). No additional SNPs from the secondary analysis achieved genome-wide significance.

CONCLUSIONS
Genome-wide SNP genotyping of women with breast cancer identified two novel loci that may be associated with disease recurrence. Further studies in larger cohorts will be performed to replicate these findings. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


Objective To study the effect of artery percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in the patients with diabetic foot.Method 10 patients with diabetic foot were peripheral angiopathies and received anti-platelet aggregation and routine western medicine therapy.Before and after surgery,lower limb angiography and ultrasound were examined.After evaluation,the artery transluminal angioplasty and stenting were operated.Result 10 patients were received operation,successfully.After operation,blood supply of affected limb was improved and wound healing was obviously improved.Conclusion Lower extremity artery percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting placement is safe and effective.


This paper describes a fundamental study of evaporation of volatile-liquid lenses due to the heat supply from the substrate of an immiscible, less-volatile liquid under the atmosphere of the common vapours of the two fluid substances. Experiments were performed with single n-pentane lenses placed on the surface of an otherwise quiescent pool of water. The behaviour of each lens throughout its life was observed in detail using laser shadowgraphy. It was found that the time required for complete evaporation of each lens and the behaviour of the lenses change, in a peculiar but rather regular way, with the age of the water surface. This ageing effect is more significant when fluids of higher purities are used, and it is thought to be due to the quantity of contaminants at the surface increasing with its age.


Article presented in a session of the British Association of South Asian Studies conference 2005 that was subsequently edited by the author and two other editors and published on the Royal Asiastic Society web site in 2010. The paper discusses the evidence for sailing conditions and the types of boats used in Indo-Roman trade.


In light of current social justice dynamics, this article examines marketing strategies employed by the NBA (and associated companies) to sell predominantly Black athletes to a chiefly White audience. Through historical contextualization and critical analysis, the NBA's development from a non-profitable and scorned circus to a multi-faceted and multi-billion-dollar global attraction is explored. From the earliest league structures until the 1980s, a dichotomy between Black and White players (and the values/stigma they embodied) dominated the sport of Basketball. This however changed with the rise of Michael Jordan to fame. Jordan became the first basketball player who transcended these racial lines in terms of associated values and/or stigmas. Simultaneously, His Airness' rise to global fame let the NBA's popularity soared into astronomical spheres. A shiny Black Superhero was born, yet his public image is predominantly inspired by corporate considerations – a case of corporate colonization of Black bodies. Black players' transgressions and the NBA's reactions to those – as happened in the Malice in the Palace (2005) incident – highlight the conflicting lines along which the NBA constructs and presents its players with a clear tendency towards corporate colonization, a concept which will be outlined in the paper. Through critical historical reading of past corporate efforts, this article re- and deconstructs the strategic illustration of Black athletes.


Abstract : The Dam appears to be in fair condition but poorly maintained. Surface erosion has caused silt and sand to be deposited at the toe of the dam, in the area of the drainline outlet. The outlet was not visible during the inspection. Soil erosion deposits have been allowed to continue unchecked and have apparently covered the outlet. No determination could be made with regards to the condition of the drainline and outlet. A seepage area was observed at the downstream toe of the dam near mid-embankment. Seepage at the location was estimated to equal 1 gallon per minute. The cause of the seepage should be investigated, and its potential affect on the long term stability of the structure determined. Final construction of proposed modifications may not have been completed. No drainline control facility exists to regulate flow through the drainline, and final seeding of the embankment crest and slopes were either unsuccessful or never completed. Observed obstructions at the entrance to, and in, the principal spillway channel, were noted as having a potential effect on the discharge capacity of the spillway.


Tourism is a very specific sector and it's one of the largest and fastest growing economic sectors in the world. Competition among tourism destinations increases and logistics is one of the key success factors. However, partial approach dominates in the analysis of tourist destinations. Mostly are studied and optimized certain categories of flows involved in the creation of tourism products. On the other hand, intensive development and competitive advantage is achieved by applying the basic principles of logistics: overall and simultaneous optimization of all links of material, energy and information flows involved in shaping the supply of tourist sites and the creation of its tourism product. This paper describes the structure and critical issues of tourism supply chain management, its' present state and factors that inhibit the implementation and integration of supply chain activities within tourism sector. It also describes the role of logistics and tour operators in planning and optimization of logistics activities and in increasing the competitiveness of the tourism product. .


With the rapid development of the logistic industry,the rapid expansion of the logistic park construction and achieving greater success,building logistics parks going in for grandiose projects in plan,resulting in a waste of land resources and high vacancy rates and other issues also highlighted.This paper,taking Hunan Province as an example,used the parametric approach to predict 14 states and cities in Hunan and the total Hunan logistic park land size in 2020,and the results showed that in 2020 the total land size of Hunan logistic park needs 6,674.05hectares.By predicting the scale of logistic sites in Hunan,this paper aims to rationalize logistic sites in Hunan and to achieve scientific development of the logistic industry to provide a reference.


"Inter-party cooperation",the only form of the first KMT-CPC cooperation and of the establishment of the Revolutionary United Front,promoted effectively the development of the worker-peasant movement and the CPC's strength,and laid a foundation for China's democratic revolution.This paper points out that "Inter-party cooperation" was not the leading cause to the breakdown of the first KMT-CPC cooperation and the failure of the Great Revolution.


Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to guide future researchers and practitioners into the process of interviewing in the Chinese context.

Design/methodology/approach

The methodology used is an empirical critical reflection.

Findings

The authors identified 11 major themes such as how to get an interview, antecedents of the interview, building rapport, complexity, language, interview settings, interview procedure, stages, probing and sensitive topics, selection of respondents and post-interview.

Research limitations/implications

The location of the interviews.

Practical implications

Guide foreigner researchers and managers on how to conduct interviews in China.

Social implications

The context matters, and only with a specific approach some can perform well and achieve the interview objectives. Doing so, the researcher or practitioner will not create situations that might be problematic for her/him and the interviewee. Based on the above, the authors' research decreases potential social tensions that interview situations can create.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors' knowledge, no other researcher has studied the specificities of interviewing in China, which brings originality and value to the authors' research.


A strong increase in the intensity of the peaks of excited magnetoexciton (ME) states in the photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectra recorded for the ground heavy-hole magnetoexcitons (of the $1s\mathrm{HH}$ type) has been found in a $\mathrm{GaAs}/{\mathrm{Al}}_{0.3}{\mathrm{Ga}}_{0.7}\mathrm{As}$ superlattice in strong magnetic field B applied normal to the sample layers. While varying B, the intensities of the PLE peaks have been measured as functions of energy separation $\ensuremath{\Delta}E$ between excited ME peaks and the ground state of the system. The resonance profiles have been found to have maxima at $\ensuremath{\Delta}{E}_{\mathrm{max}}$ close to the energy of the GaAs LO phonon. However, the value of $\ensuremath{\Delta}{E}_{\mathrm{max}}$ depends on quantum numbers of the excited ME state. The revealed very low quantum efficiency of the investigated sample allows us to ascribe the observed resonance to the enhancement of the nonradiative magnetoexciton relaxation rate arising due to LO-phonon emission. The presented theoretical model, being in a good agreement with experimental observations, provides a method to extract 1sHH magnetoexciton ``in-plane'' dispersion from the dependence of $\ensuremath{\Delta}{E}_{\mathrm{max}}$ on the excited ME state quantum numbers.


Trust to public institutes is an important driver of public policy effectiveness in various areas. In literature it is common to analyze trust in government or certain public institutions by total population. However, such indicator may not reflect the specifics of certain groups. This article based on sociological survey conducted in 2021 evaluates the trust in state regulatory control bodies by representatives of private businesses. It is demonstrated that the trust in state regulatory enforcement authorities on the part of businesses who had experience in interacting with such bodies is higher compared to the one measured for total population. The gap is explained by the fact that business trust is influenced by perceptions of personal experience in dealing with state regulatory enforcement bodies, performance and integrity of these authorities. Noteworthy, business trust in state regulatory enforcement bodies is also correlated with perceptions of quality of regulations which are the subject for inspections by the authorities in question.


1,∗Postgraduate Unit of the Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima – Perú. Author for correspondence ): firstname.lastname@example.com, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2148-3297 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2548-2160 Received: 21-12-2017, accepted after review: 27-12-2017 Suggested citation: Calle, J.; Tinoco, O. (2018). «Obtaining of SHW with solar energy in the canton Cuenca and analysis of environmental pollution». Ingenius. N.◦19, (january-june). pp. 89-101. doi: https://doi.org/10.17163/ings. n19.2018.09. Abstract Resumen


The mobile office system has widely spread thanks to the rapid diffusion of smart devices. Recently, more and more companies have implemented the mobile office system or have been considering its launching with the purpose of enhancing agility and productivity. This paper proposes a systematic approach to the selection of the implementation mode of mobile office system. The proposed approach views the selection of implementation mode as a multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) problem, and employs the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Reviewing the literature on adoption of mobile applications and information systems produces the 12 factors that need to be considered for the selection of the implementation mode of mobile office system, and the factors are categorized into the four types of criteria: benefit (B), opportunity (O), cost (C), and risk (R), which are called the BOCR framework. The three types of implementation mode are included as alternatives in the AHP hierarchy model: application mode, web model, and virtualization mode. The case of an IT service company in Korea is provided for the purpose of the illustration of the proposed model. The proposed approach is expected to be fruitfully employed for companies that are about to adopt the mobile office system.


Caged 3-year-old seedlings of eastern white pine, Pinus strobus L., from 80 range-wide provenances were exposed 17 days to attack by 5 population densities of Pissodes strobi (Peck). The insects exhibited normal behavior on the seedlings, and adult feeding and larval damage were proportional to population density. Analyses of variance of number of trees fed on and number of trees with larval development revealed significant differences among population densities. Provenances differed significantly in number of feeding cavities at 2 of the population densities. No differences were found among provenances in the number of larvae. Multiple regression analyses of seedling characteristics and measures of insect attack showed that variation in feeding and larval development was not primarily caused by seedling size. The results show that screening small trees in cages for weevil resistance may be feasible.


The aim of this study was to empirically explore existential authenticity from the perspectives of visitors. Given that existentialism invites people to examine the authenticity of their personal lives and their society, an attempt was made in this study to examine the authenticity of visitors' personal lives and their environments by conducting an empirical study concerning the Kaiping watchtowers site, a well-known Chinese heritage site. Two dimensions of existential authenticity were examined: intrapersonal and interpersonal authenticity. The results reveal that the authenticity of toured heritage sites and environments may be irrelevant to existential authenticity and that intrapersonal authenticity exerts a substantial influence on destination loyalty. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.


There were summarized three recent developments aimed at 1) ecological remediation of natural water bodies exposed to algal blooms, including blue-green algae, leading to pollution of water bodies by toxic cyanotoxins, 2) ensuring receipt of timely information on the sudden change in the quality of natural waters, arriving at drinking water treatment plant; 3) obtaining of toxicological substantiation transition disinfection of natural waters in drinking water treatment plants from the molecular chlorine to sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution


sion so often associated with hospitalization. We have found that many patients who refuse to enter the hospital will nevertheless consent to almost any procedure in the clinic. The nurse's contribution to the successful performance of bronchoscopy begins when the patient is first told that the procedure is necessary and a date is set. The clinic nurse's relationship with the patient is usually briefer and less sustained than that of the hospital nurse, so she must make the best use of her relatively limited encounter to establish a relationship that will give him confidence and support. So, at the time the patient is first scheduled for bronchoscopy, she should explain the


This research uses the Occupy Movement as a springboard to discuss contemporary political struggles in Canada. Drawing on the recent experiences of Occupy activists, the author discusses the limitations of non-hierarchical, consensus and prefigurative strategies within social movements. In particular, I suggest that such practices, which are meant to challenge routine social inequalities, actually tend to reproduce them. I then ask how those who are exploited within capitalism can consciously and collectively push contemporary struggle in a socialist direction. Drawing on the works of Marx and Marxist theorists, the paper examines how an understanding of class, capital and hegemony are significant to the contemporary social justice agenda. Thus, insights from the empirical experiences of the Occupy movement are used to explore the broader question of how it is possible to bring about revolutionary transformation to a world capitalist system that is in crisis.


This study looks into ways of estimating tourism demand models while accounting for asymmetric income effects on demand across business cycles and using the estimated equations to forecast until 2015. Expenditure for outbound travel (tourism imports) in five source markets are analysed using econometric models that can capture varying magnitudes of price and income effects depending on the phase of the business cycle. The main reasons why income elasticities may vary across the business cycles are loss aversion, liquidity constraints and precautionary saving, as well as the intensity and time structure of substitution effects between expenditures on tourism imports, domestic tourism and other goods and services. The forecasting results clearly demonstrate that forecasting errors can be reduced by using the suggested approach, which considers possible asymmetric income effects, instead of the mainstream approach applied in most tourism demand studies, which is based on the assumption of constant elasticities across the business cycles.


Published at the beginning of 2018, Normative Language Policy addresses the ethics, politics and principles of language policy and planning by using the very complex case of Quebec, the predominantly French-speaking province of Canada, as a highlighting case study. In their book, Leigh Oakes (professor of French and Linguistics at Queen Mary University of London) and Yael Peled (postdoctoral research fellow in Language and Health at the Institute for Health and Social Policy and the Faculty of Law at McGill University) analyse the ethics of language intervention in three different domains of Quebec's language policy and planning: status planning, acquisition planning and corpus planning. They present 'normative language policy' as a new, integrated theoretical framework "that bridges the empirical literature on language policy and planning that has emanated especially from the fields of sociolinguistics and applied linguistics with the emerging normative work on language in political philosophy and political theory" (p. 2). With their interdisciplinary framework, they endorse Joseph Carens' 'justice as evenhandedness' and his context-sensitive ethical approach. In contrast to John Rawls' (1999) abstract methodological approach, Carens argues for a conception of justice that is "derived from the assumption that to treat people fairly we must regard them concretely, with as much knowledge as we can obtain about who they are and what they care about. This approach to justice requires immersion rather than abstraction" (Carens 2000: 8). The book's main hypothesis is that there are good reasons, compatible with liberal and democratic thought, to justify state intervention in language policy and planning. In particular, the authors use Quebec as a case study in order to illustrate and discuss the different empirical and, especially, ethical and political challenges that political institutions face when interfering in the domain of language. The book consists of six chapters. In the introduction, Oakes and Peled explain their aims, provide arguments for choosing Quebec as a case study, discuss (changes in) the perception of normativity in language matters and their new interdisciplinary framework. The authors pursue three interrelated goals. First of all, they want to bridge descriptivist (or empirical) and normative approaches to Quebec's politics of language in a new methodological framework called normative language policy. Secondly, they seek to 'rehabilitate' the notion of normativity in sociolinguistics and to show how this rehabilitation could benefit research on language policy and planning, moving beyond the simplistic critique of structures of power in language usually assumed by sociolinguists. The general idea here is to provide better ethical tools for those engaging in language policy research. Thirdly, they want to explore Quebec's politics of language through the lens of normative language policy so as to provide "a more nuanced and systematic understanding of the challenges that it faces and the solutions that have been proposed" (p. 17).


This research note documents the recent controversy surrounding the closure of police stations in the UK between 2007 and 2012. It examines the statistics as reported in the press and discusses the rhetoric used in the debate to draw conclusions about how the closure of police stations will affect rural policing and rural crime.


A method to control the half-power relative band- widths of split ring resonators (SRRs) coupled to a transmission-line system is presented. An equivalent circuit model is proposed to analyze the main factors that effect the relative band- widths of SRRs. Based on the analysis, we propose an efficient way to control the relative bandwidth of SRR, which has been verified by both full-wave simulations and experiments. The proposed analysis can be used to design novel resonators and other microwave components.


McIntyre's local and non-local equations are used to calculate the avalanche triggering probability, useful in the modeling of Dark Count Rates and Probability Detection Efficiency of Single Photon Avalanche Detectors (SPAD). Although non-linear, the local equations have a closed-form solution, while the more rigorous non-local history-dependent equations can be solved only by an iterative approach. However, the convergence of the latest approach is fairly slow, making the modeling of SPAD properties relatively time consuming. An alternative and numerically efficient method is proposed to solve the local equations, avoiding the use of the closed-form solution and its time-consuming root finding step. Several approaches are then discussed to improve the convergence of the non-local history-dependent equations.


Summary Dimitrov, R., P. Yonkova, K. Stamatova, D. Yovchev & N. Tsandev, 2010. Localization and activity of tissue lipoprotein lipase in feline prostate gland. Bulg. J. Vet. Med. , 13, No 1, 13 −17. Tissue lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity has been studied in prostate glands of 7 adult male European shorthair cats on cryostat cross sections by the Tween technique. The highest activity was observed at the luminal surface of the glandular epithelium, its apical parts, as well as in the lumen of glandular tubules of prostate body. A moderate intensity of LPL expression was found out in the basal parts of parenchymal epithelial cells. The enzyme was slightly expressed in the stroma of the gland, whereas no LPL activity was detected in the glandular capsule. The results provided evidence for a predilection in tissue LPL localization in epithelial components of the glands, as well as for higher enzyme activity in the luminal part of the epithelium, thus presuming a role of LPL in the lipid metabolism of glandular parenchyma, in the production and excretion of lipid products into the tubuloalveolar lumen.


The present invention includes a method for producing a film element having a metal layer (11, 16) which are precisely positioned to each other, for producing possible film element using such a method. First metal layer provided on the first surface of the flexible monolayer or multilayer carrier film (10) and (11), a second surface opposite to the first surface of the carrier film (10) a mask layer (13) provided in it, using a structured process of synchronizing with each other, are structured precisely matched to each other. After structuring of the first metal layer (11) and mask layer (13), one or more further layers are applied to the first metallic layer (11). Second metal layer photoactivatable layer a first layer (17) is applied (16) is applied to one or more further layers (15). The first layer of photoactivatable layer (17), mask layer (13), a first metal layer, which can be light activation through one or more additional layers, and a second metal layer (16) structured with exposure from the side of the first layer (17) mask layer using electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength reaction (13), or, the first layer can be photoactivatable, the mask layer is controlled, the mask layer is exposed from the side of the opposite side of the film body.


The aim of this study was to employ molecular dynamics simulations to elucidate the mechanism involved in amylose–zein complexation and the stability of the molecular conformation of amylose–zein complexes in water at the atomic and molecular levels. The average root mean square deviation and radius of gyration were lower for amylose–zein complexes (1.11 nm and 1 nm, respectively) than for amylose (2.13 nm and 1.2 nm, respectively), suggesting a significantly higher conformational stability for amylose–zein complexes than for amylose in water. The results of radial distribution function, solvent-accessible surface area, and intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonds revealed that the amylose–zein interaction inhibited water permeation into the amylose cavity, leading to enhanced conformational stabilities of the V-type helical structure of amylose and the amylose–zein complexes. Furthermore, the amylose in amylose–zein complexes displayed the thermodynamically stable 4C1 conformation. These findings can provide theoretical guidance in terms of the application of protein on starch processing aiming to improve the physicochemical and functional properties of starch (such as swelling capacity, pasting properties, and digestibility) for developing novel low-digestibility starch–protein products.


PURPOSE: A porcelain insulator and an insulator string are provided to minimize the influence of corona discharge generated in both ends of the insulator string by using the porcelain insulator installed in both ends of a polymer insulator. CONSTITUTION: A shed(310) of a ceramic material comprises a penetration hole in a center unit. An FRP(Fiber Reinforced Plastics) rod(320) is combined with the shed by penetrating the penetration hole. Connection fitting classes(330,340) are combined with both ends of the FRP rod. The shed comprises a plurality of hemispherical projections(311) inside.


Combining layers of different materials to form superlattice is one way to engineer novel material structures with enhanced properties. Here, we propose a superlattice made of ATiO3 (A=Sn,Pb) and TiO layers with the general formula AnTi4nO7n. First principles results show that such structures can have significant polarization owing to their intrinsic structure due to the huge lattice mismatch between the two types of layers. Different ferroelectric phases of the superlattice, which are based on a number of polymorphs of the perovskite ATiO3 (e.g. P4/mmm,P4mm, Amm2,Pmm2,Pm,and Cm), are investigated under epitaxial strain to explore their energy and polarization dependence on different substrates. The results indicate stable existence of the ferroelectric Cm and Amm2 phases for a wide range of strains. 1 ar X iv :1 90 7. 06 93 5v 1 [ co nd -m at .m tr lsc i] 1 6 Ju l 2 01 9


We develop a method for practical application of PAN fibers which has shown the best field emission properties. The method contains the glass coating of PAN fibers and their pressing allowing for the stipulated step in positioning field emission cathodes. As a result we achieve the required level of the current and its uniformity through the cathodes.


Under international law, protection is generally granted even to forms of expression that are offensive, shocking or disturbing to either the State or any section of society. This fundamental precept is considered to be a sine qua non of democracy. The only contentious question concerns the fixing of the ne plus ultra of protected speech; the legal trammelling of the vigorous discourse on which democracy depends.


This review summarizes the synthetic efforts on acyclic analogs of nucleic acids and provides information on the most interesting features of selected classes of such compounds. The selection includes the following types of analogs: Flexible (FNA), Unlocked (UNA), Glycol (GNA), Butyl (BuNA), Threoninol (TNA) and Serinol Nucleic Acids (SNA). These classes of analogs are discussed in terms of their synthetic methods, the thermal stability of their homo- and hetero-duplexes and their applicability in biological and biochemical research and nanotechnology.


Objective: The present research aims to study the accuracy and reliability of foramen magnum (FM) measurements in gender determination by using Multiple Detector Computed Tomography (MDCT) images.
Methods: 89 patients (44 males and 45 females; age range, 21- 78 years) were selected for this study. FM sagittal diameter, FM coronal diameter, FM volume and FM area were measured using MDCT images and data were subjected to SPSS for analysis.
Results: Area of the foramen magnum as calculated by the Radinsky and Texeira's formulas were better predictors of sex when compared to the sagittal diameter, coronal diameter and volume of the foramen magnum.
Conclusion: MDCT images can provide valuable measurements of FM which can be used to ascertain the gender, when other methods are inconclusive.


The contribution of β-adrenoceptor subtypes to the catecholamine-mediated relaxations in gastric fundus from control and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were investigated. Isolated organ bath studies and molecular techniques were used to characterize the β-adrenoceptor subtypes mediating relaxation of rat gastric fundus. Isoprenaline-mediated relaxation was not significantly changed by nadolol (β1-/β2-adrenoceptor antagonist; 1 µmol/l) but only shifted to the right by SR59230A (3-(2-ethylphenoxy)-1-[[(1S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphth-1-yl]amino]-(2S)-2-propanol oxalate salt, 0.1–1 µmol/l), a selective β3-adrenoceptor antagonist, in a competitive manner. Relaxant responses to noradrenaline were antagonized in a concentration-dependent manner by SR59230A (0.1–1 µmol/l), but not by metoprolol (selective β1-adrenoceptor antagonist; 0.1–1 µmol/l) and ICI-118551 (1-[2,3-(dihydro-7-methyl-1Hinden- 4-yl)oxy]-3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]-2-butanol hydrochloride, selective β2-adrenoceptor antagonist; 0.1–1 µmol/l). SR59230A (1 µmol/l) also caused a significant rightward shift in fenoterol-induced relaxation while ICI-118551 (1 µmol/l) did not have any effect. Selective β3-adrenoceptor agonist, BRL37344 ([4-[2-[[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]propyl]phenoxy]acetic acid), caused biphasic relaxation which was not affected by nadolol (1 µmol/l). SR59230A (1 µmol/l) abolished only the first phase of BRL37344 response. β1-, β2- and β3-adrenoceptor mRNA expressions have been detected in a similar intensity in gastric fundus from control rats. Experimental diabetes caused a significant decrease in Emax and pD2 values of isoprenaline and noradrenaline. Diabetes also reduced Emax but not pD2 value of the first component of BRL37344-induced relaxation response. The band intensity of mRNA transcript of β3-adrenoceptor was reduced in diabetics while no alteration has been found for β1- and β2-adrenoceptor mRNA transcripts between groups. These results show that functional β-adrenoceptor subtype involved in catecholamine-mediated relaxations is β3-adrenoceptor, and its function and mRNA expression are decreased in diabetes.


Included are detailed risk assessments of reheater leaks, loss of offsite power, and earthquakes. Research and development guidelines from AIPA are discussed.


Purpose: To report the perceptions and actions undertaken by members of the Mexican Society of Ophthalmology (SMO) during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic The paper focuses on the association between professional characteristics and the extent of implementation of the recommendations published by the SMO Methods: An online survey at Google® Forms was sent via email to ophthalmologists registered with the SMO A total of 3,296 questionnaires were sent Two principal variables were selected for the purpose of analyzing the exploratory hypotheses: Seniority of the respondents and type of practice Results: A total of 363 replies were obtained (11 01%) At the time of the survey, 223 ophthalmologists (61 3%) were continuing to see patients in their clinics, while 140 participants (38 5%) had ceased all activities The main reason for stopping clinical work was the fear that the practices would become transmission hubs There was a statistical association between higher seniority and discontinuing patient care (p = 0 002) A total of 107 (29 7%) participants continued performing surgical procedures Participants with less than 10 years of experience had a higher probability of engaging in emergency surgical procedures (p = 0 04) The most commonly employed preventive measure was the use of face masks for patients, followed by the use of N95 respirators by doctors Conclusion: The majority of the participants maintained their clinical work;in contrast, less than a third continued surgical activities There was great diversity in the actions taken and in the adoption of SMO recommendations The use of personal protective equipment was the most employed security measure © 2020 Sociedad Mexicana de Oftalmologiá Publicado por Permanyer


Background: The present study was designed to develop a suitable matrix type transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) of Ramipril using blends of two different polymeric combinations, hydroxyl propoxy methyl cellulose (HPMC) and ethylcellulose (EC), Three transdermal patch formulations (F1, F2 and F3) consists of Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose E5 and Ethyl cellulose in the ratios of 0:1, 1:1 and 1:3, respectively were prepared. Methods: All formulation carried dibutylpthalate(DBP) as plasticizer and dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) as permeation enhancers in Acetone as a solvent system. The formulations were characterized including uniformity of weight, drug content, moisture content, moisture uptake, flatness, folding endurance and thickness to study the stability of the formulations and in vitro dissolution of the experimental formulations were performed to determine the amount of ramipril present in the patches Drug–excipient interaction studies were carried out using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic technique. The diffusion studies were performed by using modified Franz diffusion cells. Results: The formulation, F1 (Ethyl cellulose alone) showed maximum sustained release with formulation F1 was 99.52% after 48 hrs. Optimized formulations were found to be suitable for formulating in terms of physicochemical characteristics and there was no significant interaction noticed between the drug and polymers used.


Internet has become an important part of society throughout the world and pushed new opportunities in every field like business, social service, entertainment, communication, education, sports. One of the current contributions of Internet is Social media. Numerous social media platforms like YouTube, Facebook, Flickr, Twitter, Pinterest, has emerged. The threats among different media have massively increased that might lead to significant financial losses as hacker stole account information and breach security to relocate money to their account or loss of reputation etc. Effects of threats vary considerably from affect integrity or confidentiality of data to complete system. Cyber intrusions and attacks are unauthorized access to networks. There are several techniques to deal with privacy and security issues. This paper summarizes some of the techniques and issues related to cyber privacy.


I examine the relative information roles among West Texas Intermediate spot crude price and four futures contracts (F1 through F4) with different maturities. Using a cointegrated system with a non-unitary cointegrating vector, I address price discovery by investigating which price is more responsive to a common trend shock. With a non-unitary cointegrating vector, it is not clear on how to apply Hasbrouck (1995)'s Information Share (IS) and Yan and Zivot (2007)'s Price Discovery Efficiency Loss (PDEL) measures. I suggest a way to make the IS and PDEL applicable to non-unitary cointegrating vector. Also, I propose a new static price discovery measure, which I call the Adjustment Share (AS). The AS measures the amount of price discovery as the share of contemporaneous adjustment toward the long-run level to a one-unit common trend shock. Applying different price discovery measures to bivariate and 5-variable crude price models I find that F4 and F3 show dominance of price discovery over F2 and F1. If we consider price adjustment to the permanent shock only, F1 does not lead the spot price.


The roots of mental health programs in the United States are complex and varied and include history, economics, politics, geography, law, immigration, ethnicity, and public opinion. There is no simple linear development. All the roots mentioned above and many more are interrelated, interdependent, and interpenetrating. It is important, however, to consider if there are certain distinctive features in American life deeply ingrained in our historical development that make a particular contribution to a form in which these factors influence a pattern of mental health care and, especially, the shaping of public opinion. As a corollary, to what extent does public opinion influence mental health programs? These distinctive features are important and distinguish the United States from other countries, including other highly developed countries of Western Europe with which we would appear to have much in common. However, in the matter of organization of health services, for example, Scandinavia, France, Poland, and Czechoslovakia seem to be closer to each other than any one of them is to the United States.


In our paper we present currently used and researched devices and environments supporting the experience-based educational opportunities. We focused on the various virtual and augmented reality devices, applications and environments including the combination of the different tools. Our future aims are to create a concept how it is possible to combine these systems in the fields of education.


In this reviewer's experience, there are three prevalent and recurring shortcomings in the plethora of books of readings in education and the social sciences. First, the collection of articles are typically classified into several sections, each of which is preceded by an editorial discussion of the ensuing contents. Unfortunately, these introductions are usually composed of summaries of the articles, one after another, with little or no integration. They should rather provide the potential reader (usually a student) with a structure


The author discusses the original paper ("A new approach to load balancing and power factor correction in power distribution system", A. Ghosh et al., see ibid., vol.15, no.1, p.417-22, 2000) and presents his observations and suggestions. The original authors' response to the discussion is also included.


Metallurgy as a science discipline has been established from the beginning of stone-age. It is imperative to note as we have progressed we have added facets of material science to it and the field has evolved into a discipline of engineering. From science fiction to reality the inherent inter-disciplinary nature of this branch sets up the need of its education and training. There have been several instances in when the pivot of development has completely changed due to advancement in material science and metallurgy whether it is semiconductor industry or space industry. In this paper, we have reviewed the scope and development of this discipline in India detailing through the course of history to the present status.


Shell element shell 163 is used to build the single-layer cylindrical reticulated shell with real dimension welded spherical hollow joints.The load-carrying capacity of the shell element joint is tested,and the results fulfill the requirement.Then,joint stiffness is changed by changing joint thickness.The influence of joint stiffness on seismic response and tube internal force is big enough to be involved in.Consequently,this influence is recommended to be considered in the dynamic analysis of such type structure.


The Authority was asked for information about the number of patients receiving IVF treatment where the cause of the infertility was related to previous voluntary sterilisation.


the management of appendicitis in chilidren is appendictomy with the laparatomy method by tapping or saving  the appendix using an icision under the rigth abdomen. The causes factor to the healing process of wound after surgency which influence the leggth of stay among others, children's nutrition satatus and mobilization. The purpuse of thr study was to know the relation between the nutrition status and mobilization through the length of stay post appendictomy at An-Nisa and Gambiran Hospital. The reseach desaign was analytic observation with cross sectional apporch. The number of sampel is 34 respondent which is determined by total sampling method. Data were analyzed by univriat and bivariat. The value nutriton status  0,001and mobilization 0,030 with the length of stay for childreen post appendictomy. Based on the result, it is recommended that nurse provide health education related  the improtance of mainting wegth and mobilzation to the children post appendictomy so the legth of stay doesn't take too long


Moringa oleifera seed oil was extracted using four different types of
enzymes to obtain the most efficient extraction parameters. The enzymes used
were Neutrase 0.8L (neutral protease), Termamyl 120L, type L (a-amylase),
Pectinex Ultra SP-L (pectinase) and Celluclast 1.5L FG (cellulase). These
were used either separately or in combination. Individually, Neutrase was
found to be the most effective, followed by Termamyl, Celluclast and Pectinex.
A combination of the four enzymes was found to be more effective than used
separately, with 74% oil recovery. Percent oil recovery for individual enzymes
under optimal conditions and with pH adjusted to the individual enzyme's
optimum pH were 71.9, 64.8, 62.6 and 56.5 for Neutrase, Termamyl, Celluclast
and Pectinex, respectively. Neutrase, Pectinex and the combination of all
the four enzymes at 2% (v/w) were found to perform best at 45C, while
Termamyl and Celluclast were best at 60C. The physical and chemical properties
of the extracted oils such as iodine value (IV) (66.0–67.2 g iodine/100 g
oil), free fatty acid (FFA) content (1.13–1.25 as % oleic acid), complete
melting points (MPs) (18.6–19.1C) and viscosities (83.1–85.0 cP) except the
color were not significantly affected (P 0.05) by the type of enzyme used in


This paper make a comparison on foundation,development and application of theory between thermody- namic parameter——entropy and exergy,which are relative to energy quality.It will provide a reference to Thermodynamics teaching in technical colleges.


We investigated the linear thermal expansion coefficients (CLTEs) for the injection-molded specimens using the rubber-toughened iPP blends consisting of various types of thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs). It was found that the blends consisting of the TPE types with high melt flow rate (MFR) and high co-unit content showed extremely low CLTEs in flow- (FD) and transverse-to-flow direction (TD), while high CLTE in normal-to-flow direction (ND). TEM observation revealed that the TPE domains were highly elongated along both FD and TD, i.e., lamella-sheets TPE were stacked parallel to ND. It was found from WAXD measurement that the b-axis of PP crystals were exclusively oriented parallel to ND. The high CLTE in ND correlated well with the b-axis orientation in the iPP crystalline phase and the aspect ratio of the TPE sheet.


We live amidst a flood of information in the internet and digital revolution era. Due to such indiscriminate information access, there are many problems in accurately recognizing the information desired by the user. Moreover, there are many difficulties with finding accurate information and the articles that individuals want due to indiscriminate advertisements in various online papers such as SNS and internet newspapers. Negative experiences with these advertisements lead to advertisement avoidance; if media users avoid advertisements, the media's existence is threatened. This system aims to provide high-quality online articles, excluding promotions, by designing a system using a knowledge-based management system (KBMS) and Deep Learning system to solve the problems of advertisement. In other words, this system compares advertisement phrases or general keywords related to a specific company and product promotion with the contents to be searched in the database system of the knowledge-based management service.


Hegel agrees with Kant that we are both creators and creatures of our commitments. What is most fundamental to us, as the essentially normative creatures we are, is our capacity to commit ourselves. This is the authority to undertake responsibilities. It is the authority to make ourselves responsible by taking ourselves to be responsible. In this way, we institute statuses by our attitudes. In the previous lecture I was particularly concerned to highlight how Hegel's social recognitive model develops out of Kant's individual autonomy model by making explicit what can be seen to be implicit in Kant's invocation of the other-regarding duty to respect beings that are autonomous in the sense of having the authority to make themselves responsible, that is, to commit themselves. Respecting autonomous others in this sense is the core of Hegel's practical attitude of recognizing them. It is attributing the authority to institute normative statuses by one's normative attitudes, making oneself responsible by taking oneself to be responsible. The principal difference is that Hegel sees such recognition as an essential component in instituting the distinctive authority in question, not merely as an attitude normatively required as a consequence of the antecedently intelligible possession by another of that kind of authority.


In the Keynesian theoretical framework, this paper constructs a non-stationary DSGE model with money supply mechanism. Based on the policy loss function and the Bayesian estimation of model's parameters, the paper analyzes the impacts of parameter uncertainty on the mechanism of optimal money supply. The analysis of the paper shows that the mechanism of optimal money supply is a forward-looking policy which is extremely-inert and has a strong and reverse reaction to inflation; the mechanism of optimal money supply in a scenario of parameter uncertainty will has a more cautious reaction to inflation and output, but the parameter uncertainty doesn't change the sequence of policy options in the scenario of parameter certainty.


Objective To explore the change of the sleep Electroencephalography(EEG) and diagnostic value of Epilepsy. Methods the sleep EEG was observed in 136 patients with Epilepsy detected by EEG monitor-NIHON KOHDE 4418 type .Results Sleep EEG recorded in all of 136 patients with Epilepsy,28 cases were normal (20. 6%), 12 cases were nonspecific abnormal (8.8%) ,96 cases were Epileptiform discharges (70.6%). Conclu- sions Sleep EEG can monitor the sleep period and record the Epilepti form discharges, it can be used to observe the whole process of clinical seizures and the dynamic change of EEG in seizures .It is helpful for the diagnosis and localization of seizures,to find the focus of generalized seizures.


Here, we provide a comprehensive picture of the potential energy landscape (PEL) for oxygen-vacancy migration in Sc-doped ceria (SDC) based on the results from a combined application of 45Sc and 17O nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The oxygen vacancies in SDC perform rapid symmetry-related jumps in the nearest-neighbor coordination shell of Sc traps as well as hopping from one Sc trap to another over length scales of a few nanometers. The activation energies for these two processes are determined to be 0.4 and 1.2 eV, respectively. The depths of these potential wells are modulated via high-frequency elastic deformation of the lattice, with a characteristic activation energy of ∼0.2 eV. The hopping of vacancies between Sc traps control the ionic conduction process in SDC, and the corresponding time scale is identical to the conductivity relaxation time scale.


Hypoiodite of widdrol, a sesquiterpene, underwent a rearrangement to 5, 6,7,8-tetrahydro-2ξ-iodo-2ξ,4aβ,8,8-tetramethyl-8aα-vinylchroman on irradiation. Reflux in acetic acid containing sodium acetate transformed it into several compounds resulting from elimination of hydrogen iodide and reactions with generated iodine.


Abstract Structured marine - derived organic matter such as algae, chitinozoa, graptolites and scolecodonts are common in lower Paleozoic sediments, while vitrinite is sparse or absent. Systematic studies of the optical properties (%Rair max, % Roil max' refractive and absorptive indices) of graptolite epiderm at 546 nm and also dispersion in visible light at 400-700 nm show progressive changes similar to those undergone by vitrinite with increasing rank. This increase of graptolite reflectance with increasing maturity is related to an increase in the condensed aromatic carbon within its structure. Graptolite reflectance, similar to vitrinite, is sensitive to changes in lithology, weathering, tectonism, hydrothermal mineralization and depth of burial (temperature).


The present essay presents some reflections on certain modes of everyday life communication, which in principle are marked by irrelevances from the informative perspective. Some discourse types, such as romantic conversations, chit-chat, greetings and salutations, among others, are redundant and seem to defy the communicative tendency to relevance, as understood by Sperber and Wilson (1986, 1995). Evidently, to explain their existence, even if marked by low information, is relatively simple if one considers their external, social and affective benefits, among others. But, in that case, the heteromorphy of what one understands by benefit may be undesirable for an approach such as the one proposed by the Relevance theory.


As the need of network user for high availability is increased, how to access and quantify the availability of networks just becomes a critical issue. This paper deals with the most common protection schemes in ASON (automatic switch optical network) networks, providing for each of them an algebraic formulation of availability analysis. We consider single or multiple link failure scenarios. Availability models are applied to some numerical examples that allow us to compare the different availability degrees granted by each protection technique. The paper highlights some important availability relations between path protection schemes and most relevant network parameters.


Landmark power conversion efficiency (PCE) over 14% has been accomplished for single‐junction polymer solar cells (PSCs). However, the inevitable fracture of inorganic transporting layers and deficient interlayer adhesion are critical challenges to achieving the goal of flexible PSCs. Here, a bendable and thickness‐insensitive Al‐doped ZnO (AZO) modified by polydopamine (PDA) has emerged as a promising electron transporting layer (ETL) in PSCs. It has special ductility and adhesion to the active layer for improving the mechanical durability of the device. Nonfullerenes PSCs based on PBDB‐T‐2F:IT‐4F with AZO:1.5% PDA (80 nm) ETL yield the best PCE of 12.7%. More importantly, a prominent PCE, approaching 11.5%, is reached for the fully flexible device based on Ag‐mesh flexible electrode, and the device retains >91% of its initial PCE after bending for 1500 cycles. Such thickness insensitivity, mechanical durability, and interfacial adhesion properties for the inorganic ETLs are desired for the development of flexible and wearable PSCs with reliable photovoltaic performance and large‐area roll‐to‐roll printing manufacture.


Apart from the well established OSI/TMN and Internet management architectures, the Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) is increasingly considered as a promising framework for integrated management. Initially developed for distributed object-oriented programming, the advantages of CORBA in the domain of network and systems management are more and more recognized. The successful application of new principles from the field of software engineering such as objectoriented techniques for the analysis, design and programming of complex software systems supports the development of modular, well-structured management applications built from "off-the-shelf" software components. This creates demand for techniques that protect developers from the heterogeneity of the underlying operating systems. As this is particularly important for the development of management software, CORBA gains increasing attention in the management domain. On the other hand, management platforms being able to survey and control management agents via CORBA are still hard to find on the market while SNMP-based management platforms such as HP OpenView Network Node Manager or Tivoli TME 10 NetView are in widespread use. The consensus on the advantages of CORBA for managing complex system infrastuctures and applications exacerbates the need for making well-established management platforms capable for handling CORBA. This paper will present a feasible and practical approach to this problem: it allows the extension of existing SNMP-based management platforms for managing CORBA-compliant agents without the need of modifying already existing platform code. Thus, it can be considered as a step towards the interoperability of heterogeneous management architectures. Key to our approach is the creation of a conceptually integrated management information base on the platform side where managementrelated information is collected and evaluated independent of the originating base architecture.


Objective:To establish the control materials for human EGFR gene mutation including 29 different kinds for the quality control of EGFR gene mutation detection kits.Methods:According the EGFR gene sequence(including exons and introns),designed the primers in the selected sequence region with primer primer 5.0 software.Then introduced mutations by PCR-mediated site-directed mutagenesis,ligated PCR products into the cloning vector,transformed into DH5α,and screened the positive clones by blue/white selection.Then constructed the control materials for EGFR gene mutation.Results:The control materials for human EGFR gene mutation were successfully established by sequencing the 29 recombinant plastmids.Conclusion:The control materials included 29 kinds of mutation sites,covering all the most common mutation.The control materials would satisfy the evaluation of EGFR gene mutation kits.


Phytohormone like low molecular weightaliphatic polycationic compounds known as polyamines have an essential role inplant growth and development and they respond to various environmental stress factors. Maintaining crop yields under adverse environmental stresses is a major challenge facing modern agriculture where polyamines play an important role. The total polyamine content in some native rice cultivars of North Kerala under salinity stress has been analysed presently and the results show that the total polyamine content in all the cultivars got increased in relation to the increase in the salt concentration applied. The highest total polyamine content was noted in the cultivar Orkazhama followed by Kuttusan and Kuthiru which were collected from a traditional saline rice tract of North Kerala. The highest percentage of increase in total polyamines was noted in the cultivar Kunhutty followed by Kuttusan and Veliyan.Kunhutty and Veliyan are cultivars collected from a non saline rice tract. In all the cultivars the total polyamine content got increased starting from the 10mM NaCl treatment itself. Among the cultivars studied, Orthadian showed the lowest amount of total polyamine content and Kuthiru showed the lowest percentage of increase in relation to increase in salinity. This result shows that salinity induces the accumulation of polyamines in rice plants and this may be a mechanism to contribute tolerance and resistance to salt stress. The rate of variation is cultivar specific. Identification of suitable genotypes and their improvement can be used as a potential method to evolve salinity resistant rice genotypesfor different geographical zones.


The utility model relates to the technology of transformer station protection, particularly relates to an intelligent bus grounding alarm device, and solves problems of report leakage of a single-phase grounding fault caused by existing transformer station single-phase grounding fault alarm methods. The intelligent bus grounding alarm device comprises a machine case part and an alarm part. The machine case part comprises a case body. The alarm part comprises a CPU, an operation button, a display screen, a three-phase interface, an optical fiber interface and an RJ45 interface. The CPU is installed in the internal cavity of the case body. The operation button and the display screen are installed at the front side wall of the case body in a penetrating way. The three-phase interface, the optical fiber interface and the RJ45 interface are installed at the rear side wall of the case body in the penetrating way. The signal output end of the operation button is connected with the signal input end of the CPU 2. The signal input end of the display screen is connected with the signal output end of the CPU. The intelligent bus grounding alarm device is suitable for transformer station protection.


The inflating process of air-supported membrane structure is simulated with the pole inertia conception.Considering the section feature of air-inflated membrane structure,the membrane section is partitioned into finite elements and is predigested to a mechanical model which is formed of finite poles jointed by hinges.In order to acquire the real-time state of every node on the model,forces on the ends of pole are regarded as unknown quantities of general dynamical equation.Using the dynamical laws of pole unit in dynamics and corresponding conditions,the general dynamical equation of the mechanical model can be founded.Then by solving the founded matrix equation,nodes' positions and the real-time moving states of model are all obtained.Therefore,the simulation of entire process in which air-supported membrane structure is inflating,can be achieved in this way.


Excerpt Since Addison's original description of the disease of the adrenal glands in 1855, a sufficient number of reports of this ailment have been recorded to indicate the etiologic factors which ...


Pain of unknown etiology is frequent in individuals with the tumor predisposition syndrome Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1), even when tumors are absent. Schwann cells (SC) were recently shown to play roles in nociceptive processing, and we find that chemogenetic activation of SCs is sufficient to induce afferent and behavioral mechanical hypersensitivity in mice. In mouse models, animals show afferent and behavioral hypersensitivity when SC, but not neurons, lack Nf1. Importantly, hypersensitivity corresponds with SC-specific upregulation of mRNA encoding glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), independent of the presence of tumors. Neuropathic pain-like behaviors in the NF1 mice were inhibited by either chemogenetic silencing of SC calcium or by systemic delivery of GDNF targeting antibodies. Together, these findings suggest that Nf1 loss in SCs causes mechanical pain by influencing adjacent neurons and, data may identify cell-specific treatment strategies to ameliorate pain in individuals with NF1. Graphical Abstract GDNF released from Schwann cells acts on sensory neurons leading to mechanical hypersensitivity and pain-like behaviors in preclinical models of NF1.


In spring 2018, the statue in New York City's Central Park honoring Dr. J. Marion Sims as the "father of gynecology" was removed amid an overdue season of American outrage about modern injustices and their historical foundations in the institutions that shape society—including government and police, but alsomedicine. Like the vanquished Confederate generals whoweremuch later cast in bronze and erected in a spate of early twentieth-century historical revisionism designed to intentionally forget the slavery they fought to extend and to promote a new era of white supremacy, the statue of Dr. Sims silenced the experience of victims. They were the African-American womenwho were sub-


For the purpose of detecting a tumble flow in a cylinder chamber of an internal combustion engine, with a charac teristic tumble value being determined as a quotient from an angular velocity () of the tumble movement and an angular Velocity () of the internal combustion engine, a method is proposed in which the asymmetry of a flow field w, in the cylinder chamber is detected for a predeter mined number of measuring points i with a differential measuring method on a flow test Stand and the characteristic tumble value is determined as a result of the asymmetry of the flow field W.A.


The article depicts stylistic features of antonyms in English and Karakalpak languages, through analyzing comparatively, and to note stylistic peculiarities, lexical and semantic features of antonyms in English and Karakalpak languages. Also, the some peculiarities of antonyms are described based on the work by the Karakalpak writer I.Yusupov. The semantic, comparative and descriptive analysis method was used to express the differences of antonyms in these languages. Furthermore, the article suggests some ways and techniques of teaching antonyms that can be effective in the foreign language teaching process.


Austria in the European Union

Dynamic gains from integration and distributional implications

This article proposes to measure the welfare effects of Austria's membership of the EU. In addition to the traditional sectoral reallocation effects of open trade, our computations take into account a number of effects not usually measured: expected capital accumulation, saving, and income redistribution across generations. EU membership involves trade integration (lower trade costs, a common external tariff), adopting the common agricultural policy, and membership contributions to the EU. The gains from trade integration and the adoption of the common agricultural policy are partly offset by the burden of contribution payments. The net welfare gain, measured in terms of an equivalent permanent income stream, is 1.24% of GDP. This aggregate figure masks sizeable distribution effects. As expected, agriculture is particularly hard hit. Moreover, membership has a tendency to favour the old as well as future generations at the expense of those entering economic life at the time of accession. We conclude that the ultimate gains from EU membership will depend on how these distribution issues are solved and how the budgetary cost is financed.

—Christian Keuschnigg and Wilhelm Kohler


Introduction. The forced switching of universities to distance learning required a change in approaches, technologies and teaching methods. Learning a foreign language is impossible without the practice of oral communication: for the most part, it is in the process of it that the development of communicative competence takes place. We tried not only to bring the new-format learning closer to learning in the traditional format, but also, to a certain extent, to expand the educational potential for the formation of communicative competence through the maximum possible involvement of online learning resources and a well-designed methodological organization. The purpose of the article: to describe the pedagogical technology of the optimal use of online learning resources for the development of students' communicative competence, to evaluate its effectiveness. Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the study was a competence-based approach to teaching a foreign language. The work in the experimental group of students of Tula State University, studying in the section of Linguistics, was aimed at the optimal use of online learning resources for the development of students' communicative competence in its four components: language, speech, socio-cultural, motivational-reflexive. In the process of the study, methods of theoretical knowledge were used: analysis, synthesis, generalization, as well as methods of empirical knowledge: questioning, interviewing, the method of pedagogical observation, the method of expert evaluation, the method of mathematical data processing. Results of the study. At the end of the work carried out in the experimental group, an increase in the indicators of the formation of the components of communicative competence was recorded: in regard to the language component t-statistic = 8.3 (p < 0,001), the speech component t-statistic = 6.7 (p < 0,001), the socio-cultural component t-statistic = 5.4 (p < 0,001). Discussion and conclusion. The efficiency of the technology was proven through comparative diagnostics of the formation of the components of communicative competence among students before the start of the experimental work and at the end of it. In the distance format, there are opportunities for the effective implementation of the didactic principles of individualization, differentiation of learning. There are sources for increasing of students' motivation to learn a foreign language, for activating their cognitive interest and developing skills of self-control, self-correction.


Study Design Retrospective comparative study. Purpose To study and compare the surgical outcomes of muscular dystrophy (MD) and spinal muscle atrophy (SMA). Overview of Literature There are few reports that have evaluated and compared the surgical outcomes of MD and SMA patients. Methods The patients (n = 35) were divided into two groups: a MD group with 24 patients and a SMA group with 11 patients. The average follow-up period was 21 months. All patients were operated for scoliosis correction using posterior instrumentation and fusion. In the immediate postoperative period, all efforts were made to reduce the pulmonary complications using non-invasive positive pressure ventilation and a coughing assist devices. The patients were evaluated by radiograph in terms of the Cobb's angle, pelvic obliquity, T1 translation, thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis. The pulmonary function and self-image satisfaction were also assessed. Results There was a lower correction rate in the MD group (41.5%) than in the SMA group (48.3%), even though the curves were smaller in the MD group. The correction in the pelvic obliquity was significantly better in the SMA group (p = 0.03). The predicted vital capacity showed a 4% reduction in the MD group 1 year after surgery, while the SMA group showed a 10% reduction. The peak cough flow and end tidal PCO2 did not deteriorate and were well maintained. The average score for the improvement in self-image satisfaction postoperatively was 3.96 and 4.64 for the MD and SMA groups, respectively. The total complication rate was 45.7%; 14.3% of which were respiratory-related. Conclusions Surgical intervention for MD and SMA may be performed safely in patients with a very low forced vital capacity (< 30%) through aggressive preoperative and postoperative rehabilitation efforts.


Sprinkler and Fan Cooling Principles In sprinkler and fan cooling, the sprinklers create droplets that wet the cow's hair coat to the skin. Fans are then used to force air over the cow's body (see Figure 1), causing evaporative cooling to take place on the skin and hair coat. Heat from the cow's body causes the moisture to evaporate. The droplet size must be large enough to wet the skin surface and must be applied intermittently to allow time for the moisture to evaporate from the skin. Air movement is needed in fairly humid climates, such as that in Kentucky, to provide enough drier air above the skin to do a good job of evaporating the water. Fog or mist systems (with very fine sprays) are not recommended for dairy cattle in Kentucky because of the humidity levels during the summer. Those systems attempt to cool the air around the cow rather than cooling her skin directly. In the arid West this works well, but in more humid areas, a "steam bath" effect can actually be created. Therefore, for the eastern and midwestern United States, sprinkler and fan cooling should be used rather than fogs or mists.


An international conference on bacterial infections in New Delhi has called on India and other developing countries to intensify action to make available first line antibiotics to rural populations while reducing the irrational use of antibiotics.

The first Global Forum on Bacterial Infections, which concluded on 5 October, said developing countries face the dual challenge of unnecessary deaths from infections and growing antibiotic resistance, much of it driven by the overuse of antibiotics in public and private healthcare sectors.

A report released ahead of the forum by the Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership, an international coalition of health experts, warned that the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance has "critically compromised" the management of common and lethal bacterial infections ( Indian J Med Res 2011;134:281).

The report cited a World Health Organization study that found that 58% …


This paper examines recent studies in behavioral science and health services aspects of geriatric dentistry. With the increased focus on special needs of older patients, researchers have become concerned with psychological and sociocultural factors that influence older people's oral health status, behavior, and attitudes. Studies of dental service utilization patterns among subgroups of the elderly, including those in long-term care settings, will be reviewed. Research on methods to improve oral health care behaviors will be discussed, with their implications for developing oral health promotion and service delivery programs. The special oral health needs of cognitively impaired and frail elderly will be reviewed. Studies of clinical decision-making in geriatric dentistry have been conducted. These studies have revealed significant gaps in dental professionals' knowledge and attention to the special needs of older patients. This and other aspects of behavioral research suggest the need for better methods to disseminate research findings in geriatric dentistry to clinical practice in this field. The presentation will discuss ways of improving dissemination and transfer of research findings to the clinical management of aged patients.


Sometime between Mar. 2014 and Dec. 2014, a mile-long, north-south trending earth fissure opened near the Tator Hills, 13 miles south of Arizona City. The fissure extended an additional ¾ mile to the south sometime after March 2016. The sudden appearance of this deep, jagged fissure in an area of modest but continuous rate of land subsidence (up to 1 inch or 3 cm annually over the past decade), and otherwise without active fissure formation since the early 1990s, was surprising. Arizona Geological Survey (AZGS) geoscientists used this opportunity to couple repeat aerial photography, available via Google Earth, with drone technology to complement sub-meter field mapping in order to better understand the timing and geomorphological expression of the fissuring process.


This study aims to understand how perceived quality of a video varies as the frame rate changes. We find that an inverted falling exponential function can accurately reflect the trend observed from subjective testing. We further explore the relationship between the falling rate and the video content features, such as frame difference, motion, and contrast.


Abstract. A Q-switched fiber laser at the C + L band using an organic solution saturable absorber (SA) of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is proposed and demonstrated. The modulation depth of the DMSO-SA is measured to be 5.09%. The Q-switched operation in the laser was achieved using DMSO-SA. This Q-switched fiber laser shows an average output power of 7.9 mW with a pulse repetition rate of 21.74 kHz, a pulse width of 9  μs, and single pulse energy reaches 458.2 nJ with power set to 140 mW. Varying wavelength from 1561 to 1594 nm resulted in a stable Q-switched pulse output. The novel Q-switched laser exhibits self-starting, good stability, and high pulse energy characteristics.


Social support buffers against the negative effects of significant life events, and peer support is particularly beneficial for individuals experiencing serious health concerns. Stroke is one such event, and often results in a variety of physical and psychological impairments that negatively affect quality of life. Although considered primarily as a condition of the elderly, approximately 20% of strokes occur in people younger than 55. Despite facing significant psychological challenges including negative body image, pressure to return to work, anxiety, isolation, and depression, few younger stroke survivors access peer support services. This study explored young stroke survivors' perceptions of peer support using qualitative semi-structured interviews with eight adults who had a stroke before the age of 35. Thematic content analysis identified that participants had mostly negative perceptions of peer support groups, and were ambivalent about individualised peer support. These results were inconsistent with much of the peer support literature, which suggests that peer support groups are desirable and beneficial for people experiencing significant health concerns. However, these results supported the literature that suggests social comparison can have negative affective results, and the literature about the helper-therapy principle, which describes the benefits for the provider in a peer support relationship. Researcher: Katherine E. McGurk Supervisor: Dr Ken Robinson Young Stroke and Peer Support iii COPYRIGHT AND ACCESS DECLARATION I certify that this thesis does not, to the best of my knowledge and belief (i) Inc01porate without acknowledgment any material previously submitted for a degree or diploma in any institution of higher degree or diploma in any institution of higher education; (ii) Contain any material previously published or written by another person except where due reference is made in the text of this thesis; or (iii) Contain any defamatory material. (iv) Contain any data that has not been collected in a manner consistent with ethics approval The Ethics Committee may refer any incidents involving requests for ethics approval after data collection to the relevant Faculty for action.


Whether you're making the switch from a traditional centralized version control system or are a new programmer just getting started, this book prepares you to start using Git in your everyday programming. Pragmatic Version Control Using Git starts with an overview of version control systems, and shows how being distributed enables you to work more efficiently in our increasingly mobile society. It then progresses through the basics necessary to get started using Git. You'll get a thorough overview of how to take advantage of Git. By the time you finish this book you'll have a firm grounding in how to use Git, both by yourself and as part of a team. Learn how to use how to use Git to protect all the pieces of your project Work collaboratively in a distributed environment Learn how to use Git's cheap branches to streamline your development Install and administer a Git server to share your repository


Dioxouranium (VI) chloride and thiocyanate form diamagnetic, non-electrolytic complexes of the type [U02(SBhX2], where SB denotes bidentate schiff bases prepared by in situ reaction of 2-furan carboxaldehyde with equivalent amounts of different aromatic amines. IR data show the coordination of the ligand through the furan ring oxygen and the azomethine nitrogen. The thiocyanate groups are N-bonded in a terminal manner.


The Ogcheon Au-Ag deposit consists of two quartz veins that fill the NE or NW-trending fissures in the metasedimentary rocks of unknown age. The quartz veins occur mainly in the massive type with partially breccia and cavity. They can be found along the strike for about minimum 50 m and varied in thickness from 0.1 to 0.3 m. The mineralogy of quartz veins from the Ogcheon deposit is mainly composed of hydrothermal alteration minerals such as pyrite, quartz, sericite, chlorite, clay minerals and sulfides including pyrite, pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite and galena. Fluid inclusion data from quartz indicate that homogenization temperatures and salinity of mineralization range from 184 to and from 0.0 to 6.6 wt.% eq. NaCl, respectively. These suggest that ore forming fluids were progressively cooled and diluted from mixing with meteoric water. Sulfur(: 0.4~8.4‰) isotope composition indicates that ore sulfur was derived from mainly magmatic source although there is a partial derivation from the host rocks. The calculated oxygen(: 4.9~12.1‰) and hydrogen(: -92~-74‰) isotope compositions suggest that magmatic and meteoric ore fluids were equally important for the formation of the Ogcheon deposit and then overlapped to some degree with another type of meteoric water during mineralization.


Peripheral, disaster and polluted rural areas (PDP rural areas) are generally perceived as a "Cinderella" of water public policy measures, deepening the rural-urban cleavage in terms of opportunities for a decent life. The main goal of the study is to develop public policy options regarding the supply of safe drinking water in Romanian PDP rural areas. The main instrument to achieve it is an ex-ante policy analysis of three solutions: a conventional technology, based on chlorine, a green technology using an advanced oxidation process with bio-filter (O3BioFilter), and "do nothing". Environment protection, social equity, technical performance, economic efficiency and political feasibility were the criteria selected for analysis, within a focus-group. Several qualitative and quantitative methods were used: evaluation matrix, weighted cost-effectiveness and break-even point. The results of the first two indicate that the O3BioFilter has the best score, but not much higher than the conventional alternative (10% higher), revealing a possible path-dependency to familiar technologies. This analysis is not a ready-made solution valid in any case, nor a direct indication of "the best choice", but a decision tool in the adoption and implementation of sustainable water public policies.


Open and distance learning is commonly accepted and indispensable part of the traditional educational systems that more contributing to social and economic development in both developed and developing countries. The study is based on primary data collected from 75 (seventy-five) learners of 3 (three) renowned study centers, tries to analyze their attitudes towards the 5 (five) distinctive features like registration period, content of course materials, number of tutorial classes, examination procedures and media support of Bachelor of Business Studies (BBS) Program. Findings of the study revealed that most of the learners hold a positive perception and attitude towards the registration period, content of course materials, and examination procedures of BBS program, but opposite result was found in the case of number of classes and media support. The study suggested that steps should be taken by the concerned authority to monitor the tutorial classes and to increase the copies of video lectures for the learners of BBS program.


SUMMARY Recent projects in New England have shown that growing oilseed crops for on-farm biofuel production has the potential to increase the economic viability of farms through diversification. Oilseed meals would net the highest return if sold as a source of protein for a livestock ration, but there have been several barriers preventing the establishment of this market. There are small amounts of local oilseed meals that are inconsistent in quality detracting from the value of the meal to the feed industry. Farmers producing oilseeds need to find other markets and/or uses for their seed meal. There is a potential market for the oilseed meal to be used for fertilizer and weed control. In order to develop a market for the seed meal it will be necessary to determine the value of the meals as a fertilizer source and weed suppressant. The objective of this project was to determine the potential of local canola, mustard, and sunflower meals to provide nitrogen and suppress weeds in a high value sweet corn crop.


The structure of the finite‐dimensional representations of the quantum superalgebra Uq(osp(1‖2)) is considered and the projection operator for this quantum superalgebra is derived. Application of the projection operator permits one to obtain an explicit analytical formula for the q analog of the Clebsch–Gordan coefficients. Pseudo‐orthogonality relations and some other properties of Clebsch–Gordan coefficients are given.


Relationships existing between the tensile properties of cotton fiber bundles and yarns under two ambient conditions,(i) in standard atmosphere and (ii) in the wet state have been studied on 27 cottons varying widely in fiber properties. The cottons have been processed into 24s (24.6 tex) yarn with twist multipliers ranging from 3.75 to 6.0 Correlations between the elastic properties of fibers on the one hand and corresponding yarn properties on the other have been determined for different twist multipliers The combined influence of six fiber properties on yarn strength, elongation, stiffness, and toughness at twists for maximum strength and the order of importance of fiber properties have also been determined by multiple correlation analysis. It is shown that cottons vary widely in their response to wetting, and the elastic properties of single yarns are significantly correlated with the corresponding yarn properties, the degree of association varying, however, with the twist in yarn and conditions of test. Multiple correlation coefficients in the wet state are lower than those in the dry state, indicating that wetting increases the importance of some fiber properties not included in the six investigated.


The purpose of this research was to establish relationships between traffic conflicts and accidents and to identify expected and abnormal conflict rates given various circumstances. The data on which the conclusions and recommendations are based were collected during the summer of 1982 at 46 signalized and unsignalized intersections in the greater Kansas City area. The conclusions are limited to daytime (7:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.) and weekday (Monday-Thursday) traffic and to dry pavement conditions. Accident/conflict ratios have been statistically determined for several types of collisions for each of the four types of intersections (signalized high volume, signalized medium volume, unsignalized meduim volume, and unsignalized low volume). These ratios can be applied to comparable intersections to obtain an expected accident rate of a specific type after the appropriate conflict data are collected. Also, statistical procedures were developed to determine conflict rate values that could be considered abnormally high. Overall, traffic conflicts of certain types are good surrogates for accidents in that they produce estimates of average accident rates nearly as accurate, and just as precise, as those produced from historical accident data. Therefore, if there are insufficient accident data to produce an estimate, a conflicts study should be helpful.


The chemical composition characteristics of jujube wine using different preparation methods including extraction in -soju (25%) and fermentation were investigated. The jujube wine was prepared by soaking in soju using- whole fruit(WJ-S1) or seed-removed fruit(WJ-S2). Fermentations of the jujube wine were started by using whole fruit(WJ-F1), seed-removed fruit(WJ-F2) or extracts of whole fruit(WJ-F3) after adding 24% sucrose. The pH of all samples decreased from a range of 4.92~5.42 at the start time to 3.66~4.97 after 100 days. The treatment WJ-F3 showed the lowest pH among all treatments. Total acid content was 0.67~1.01% at the initial stage and then changed to 0.51~0.88% after 100 days. Total sugar and reducing sugar contents were 1.20~13.8% and 0.50~4.45% at initial stage and then changed to 1.53~4.52% and 1.75~3.82% after 100 days respectively. These sugars decreased during the preparation and fermentation of the jujube wine. The amounts of free sugars including fructose, glucose, and sucrose ranged from 1.53~4.52% and treatment WJ-F3 showed the highest amount(1.95~13.64%) compared the other treatment. Glucose level were high in treatment WJ-S1 and WJ-S2, and fructose was increased in treatments WJ-F1, WJ-F2, and WJ-F3 after 60 days. Amino nitrogen content was 0.02~0.11% after 20 days and 0.07~0.14% after 40 days respectively. Solid content was 2.68~7.76% at the initial fermentation stage and changed to 4.81~9.73% after 100 days. Hunter color(L values) were 88.45~96.74 at the initial stage and then changed to 92.62~100.45 after 100 days. Preference tests a significant difference between the two types (extraction and fermentation) of jujube wine. And treatment WJ-S2 received the highest preference scores among the all treatments.


Indonesian higher education today is faced with serious challenges that will threaten the existence of some universities. An increasing international competition will require that universities take a progressive approach to attract enough students to ensure their survival. One way the universities must improve is in the quality of their administration management. While universities in Indonesia do not compare well internationally, steps can be taken to improve the quality. There are potential lessons to be learned from corporate experience in quality control management. Decision-making in the field of academic resource planning involves extensive analysis of many data originating from multiple systems. Academic resource planning management is concerned with management resources in order to effectively support the university's educational framework (such as offered degrees, enrolment and retention, resources teaching, course structure and curriculum). We propose a methodology for managing and determining the proposed International class based on many criteria of academic performance in university. The approach has been implemented as a decision support system allowing evaluation of various criteria and scenarios. The system combines two different methods in decision support system: Analytical hierarchy Process (AHP) and linear weightage model, the proposed model uses the AHP pairwise comparisons and the measure scale to generate the weights for the criteria which are much better and guarantee more fairly preference of criteria. Applying the system as decision-support facility for the management has resulted in significant acceleration of planning procedures and implementation, raised the overall effectiveness with respect to the underlying methodology and ultimately enabled more efficient academic administration.