There are many problems which can be described in terms of directed graphs that contain a large number of vertices where simple computations occur using data from connecting vertices. A method is given for parallelizing such problems on an SIMD machine model that is bit-serial and uses only nearest neighbor connections for communication. Each vertex of the graph will be assigned to a processor in the machine. Algorithms are given that will be used to implement movement of data along the arcs of the graph. This architecture and algorithms define a system that is relatively simple to build and can do graph processing. All arcs can be transversed in parallel in time O(T), where T is empirically proportional to the diameter of the interconnection network times the average degree of the graph. Modifying or adding a new arc takes the same time as parallel traversal.


Inotropic agents are indicated to treat ventricular dysfunction that frequently found post-CABG surgery. However, the use of inotropic isn't free from disadvantageous side effects and is related to higher morbidity and mortality in post-CABG surgery patients. Several risk factors are known to affect higher need for inotropic agents' post-CABG surgery. This study aims to discover the inotropic requirement in patients undergoing CABG surgery based on age, sex, preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), comorbidities, cross clamping time (CCT), and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) duration in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in 2014-2016. This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study done retrospectively through medical records. This study found the inotropic requirement post-CABG surgery was 130 patients (74.3%). The inotropic requirement based on age was 28 patients (80.0%) > 65 years old, 112 patients (75.7%) were male, 18 patients (66.7%) were female, 19 patients (100%) with  LVEF, 41 patients (85.4%) with DM, 20 patients (90.9%) with CKD, 44 patients (93.6%) with >90 minute CCT, 37 patients (90.2%) with >120 minute duration CPB. In conclusion, there was a higher inotropic requirement in patients with age > 65 years old, preoperative LVEF  comorbidities, CPB duration > 120 minutes and CCT > 90 minutes.


Edward Said's book Orientalism (1978) is the most important reference point in the post-colonial theory and describes how the West is dominant over the Orient. There is a clear distinction between ...


This paper deals with data obtained in 1963, 1964, 1965 e 1966 in shaded and unshaded coffee plots at Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil. The results can be summarized as follows: a. the production, in shaded and unshaded plots, did not show differences statisticaly significant; b. the percentage of coffee berry borer infestations was higher in shaded plots as compared with unshaded ones; c. the percentage of green, ripened and dry fruits depends on the year and on the harvest time.


China is the world's largest energy consumption country and is in the ranks of the second-largest economy.Energy is the important material of economic growth,and economic growth affects the energy consumption.For the aim of scientific development about energy consumption and economy growth,it is necessary for us to do the research.Meanwhile,the research about energy consumption and economic growth is very important in the field of energy economics. From a new perspective,we do research bout it.This paper uses the modified Diamond model to study the relationship between energy consumption and income from a microscopic view.We find energy consumption changes as the change of income.It means the increase of income will lead to the increase of energy consumption.We also find every term energy consumption is interrelated.This term's energy consumption increase means the next energy consumption increase. We build a dynamic panel data model using the data of China about energy consumption and economic growth from 1995 to 2008.Then we use panel cointegration test to do the empirical research.We find there is a cointegration relationship between China energy consumption and economic growth.It shows that the per capital GDP changes 1%,energy consumption will change 0.372222% with the same direction.This conclusion measures the specific quantity relationship between energy consumption and economic growth.And it shows that the current term energy consumption changes 1%,the lag term energy consumption will change 0.320371% with the same direction.This conclusion measures specific quantity relationship about the terms energy consumption.It demonstrates the inertia characteristic of energy consumption.We can judge that the demand and supply contradiction of energy will intensify.At last Granger cause test shows the economic growth is the Granger cause of the energy consumption.It indicates the pulling effect of economic growth on energy consumption.And it explains the fact that the faster economic growth the more energy consumption.But Granger cause test shows energy consumption is not the Granger cause of economic growth.It indicates the change of energy consumption don't cause a big impact to economic growth.It also indicates the policy of energy-saving is correct. Finally,we give some important advices based on our conclusions.First,it is necessary to change the extensive growth mode.The intensive growth mode is our direction and can reduce energy consumption greatly.And the energy shortage contraction can be eased.Second,we should optimize the industry structure and decrease the high energy-consumption proportion.It is necessary to eliminate high energy-consumption industries step by step.Meanwhile,the proportion of low energy-consumption industries should be improved.Third,we should optimize energy consumption structure that improve clear energy consumption proportion and decrease traditional energy consumption proportion.The structure of China energy consumption is very unreasonable.Coal and oil is the main object of energy consumption in China.And it is contrary to the developed countries.Fourth,we should improve energy efficiency by the progress of science and technology.And we also can achieve the policy of energy-saving by it.The level of China science and technology is low.So there is huge space to improve it as the rapid development of China economy. Although we do lots of work,there are some shortages in the paper.For example,we don't do the research about energy consumption and economic growth from area perspective.As a matter of fact,the economy disparity is clear in different areas in China.We can guess the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth is different in different areas.And we don't do the empirical research from the structure of energy consumption.As a matter of fact,the traditional energy consumption will decrease as the optimization of energy consumption structure.At last,we omit some important variables in empirical test,such as technical level and population scale.These variables can affect the energy consumption.So the conclusions of empirical test may be different.All of these are the author's future research directions.


The fundamental principle of SVPWM is introduced in this study. The design on the structure of three- phase voltage type PWM rectifier system based on SVPWM control was also discussed. Then we calculate the DC capacitor and AC side inductance. The computer simulation tool MATLAB/Simulink is taken and the result is shown in the end. The result indicates that the design of such platform is feasible.


Most sewage treatment plants have classical processes, which are usually coagula� on-fl occula� on of biological treatments. It is noted that in large metropolises the problems of sewage treatment have spread, and part of these effl uents, both domes� c and industrial, are usually discharged into the environment, causing problems and risks to the health of the popula� on; therefore, new treatment methods are needed to avoid damage and contamina� on to the environment. In addi� on, the growth of urban environments has le� few alterna� ve areas available for the implementa� on of sewage treatment plants (STPs), as these require signifi cant space for their installa� on. As alterna� ves to conven� onal wastewater treatment plants, a new technology has emerged from a simple biomass fi ltra� on concept: membrane bioreactors (MBR). This ar� cle aims to demonstrate how effl uent treatment procedures are carried out using MBR technology, with which we have the possibility to work with high applica� on rates, with the viability of an improved effl uent and with viable water reuse op� ons.


In this tract, circulated mostly to influential scientists such as Anfinsen, Professor Rechsteiner of the Department of Biochemistry
 at the Utah School of Medicine urged others to contact influential law makers to limit or cut funding to the Human Genome
 Project, which Rechsteiner believed had questionable medical and scientific value.


A model of a thrust generation mechanism for an oscillating wing which is based on the heaving and pitching motions of the fish's "wing" (tail fin) was developed. The oscillating wing system was expected to be a new highly efficient ship propelling system. According to the model, optimum motions of the wing which had the highest thrust efficiencies were found by using a numerical analysis method. Moreover, the experimental data of an oscillating wing propulsion ship were compared with the optimum motions calculated by the model. The results may be used for improvement of the oscillating wing system. The results were as follows. (1) Concerning the thrust force and its efficiency, the virtual mass term is more dominant at relatively lower dimensionless velocity. On the other hand, the lift component is superior at higher dimensionless velocity. (2) The wing pitching motion of the experimental ship shows almost the same phase lag to the arm motion and smaller amplitude compared with the optimum motion. (3) By comparing the experimental data with the calculated optimum motion, it is possible to obtain the guiding principle for designing the oscillating wing system.


In this paper, the effect of curvature on circular polarization (CP) radiation characteristics of circularly-polarized dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) mounted on or embedded in cylindrical surfaces are studied. The antenna is designed for wireless applications at 9 GHz. In order to eliminate the effect of ground plane curvature on the CP characteristics by varying the DRA element height or embedded the DRA element in the curvature structure. The analysis using the finite element method (FEM) is applied. The results are validated by comparing with that calculated by the finite integration technique (FIT).


This article considers the role of teacher perceptions and expectations in the relatively low educational achievement of Turkish, Kurdish and Turkish Cypriot (T/K/TC) girls in the English secondary system. Recent research emphasises the 'invisibility' of these groups within educational settings. However, the study reported here finds, on the contrary, that T/K/TC students are visible in these schools. A bipolarity of stereotypes emerges from interviews with key school staff, including that of the low-achieving 'Turkish' girl who chooses to invest in her personal appearance rather than exploit educational opportunities. The relationship between such teacher perceptions and expectations is explored, drawing on student as well as teacher perspectives. A Bourdieuian analysis highlighting the concept of habitus suggests that there is dissonance between T/K/TC girls' lives at home and at school, while school staff underestimate their lack of familiarity with this group's way of life.


Using in-depth interviews with farm operators and participant observation at a livestock auction, this article explores how women in conventional agriculture in the USA 'do gender' in a male-dominated world. In particular the ways that space, both public and private, alters the performance of gender are analysed. Given that agriculture in the USA has traditionally been tied to masculinity and that more and more women are entering the field, the article examines the strategies women employ to negotiate the tension between being women and being farmers. The findings suggest that in general women's success is intricately tied to their ability to reproduce the masculinity that spells success for their male counterparts. These women dress in masculine clothing, swear and are 'tough as nails'. Furthermore, women's mere presence as farm operators does not necessarily subvert the relationship between masculinity and agriculture. In many ways this notion is reinforced by the presence of these women and so the performance of gender ultimately reinforces rather than subverts the ties between hegemonic masculinity and agriculture.


Introduction: Exomoons with solar-system satellite-to-planet mass ratios (Ms/Mp < 10 ) continue to be evasive in continuum light due to their minute size. In narrow-band light however, such as the bright sodium and potassium resonance lines, small geologicallyactive satellites demonstrably outshine the planet's alkali signature as is the case at Jupiter's Io [1]. Gravitational tides [2] and atmospheric sputtering drive ~1000 kg/s of volcanic material off of Io, into Jupiter's sodium exosphere extending to ~1000 RJ, observed insitu and remotely [3]. Exo-Io Exomoons. Exo-Io spectral signatures have so far been identified in the alkali exospheres of ~dozen transiting gas giant exoplanets, and may represent an early indication of rocky exomoons [4], on the basis of evaporative transmission spectroscopy [5,6]. Should a satellite indeed be present, its orbit is expected to be tightly confined between the Roche radius of tidal disintegration and ~ 1 2 of the planetary Hill sphere [4,7].


It has often been the case that manageability considerations have been
retrofitted to protocols. This is sub-optimal. Similarly, new
protocols or protocol extensions are frequently designed without due
consideration of manageability requirements. This document specifies
the requirement for all new Routing Area Internet-Drafts to include an
"Manageability Considerations" section, and gives guidance on what
that section should contain.


Gardiner Dam is founded on a highly overconsolidated clay shale that had a profound influence on embankment design and performance. The shale contains preconstruction shear zones whose specific location, extent, and strength characteristics were virtually impossible to determine from test samples and soil logs. Analyses of slumped valley slopes and of shallow excavation slopes that moved during early stages of construction overestimated the strength of dormant shear zones that were activated during subsequent embankment construction. Major design modifications consisting of extensive slope flattening and toe-berm loading were undertaken to compensate for the weakness of the shear zones.About 2 m of foundation settlement and over 2 m of lateral displacement occurred under the central section of the 64 m high embankment during construction, but virtually none happened at the toe. Annual post construction increments of lateral displacement are related mainly to the yearly cyclic reservoir load. Although thes...


Movement disorders following stroke is a well known phenomena both during acute stage as well as in later phases. The type of movement depends on the site of involvement, it is however not uncommon to have more than one type of movement disorder following a stroke. We present a patient with combined dystonia and asterixis following a unilateral thalamic infarct, whose dystonia persisted on follow up while the asterixis faded away with time.


The Covid-19 pandemic has brought a drastic change in the working pattern of work everywhere in various organizations and has also affected the individual's life. This pandemic has come out with the concept of New Normal and work-from-home is now a normal concept among people. The purpose of this research paper is to understand the impact on work-life balance in work from home scenario due to the Covid-19 pandemic and also study the job satisfaction of the employees while working from home. The researcher has collected the data from 400 respondents who are working in the education sector, information technology sector and communication sector in Maharashtra, India. These samples were selected by the Stratified Random Sampling Method. This research focuses on the various problems faced by the employees while working from home and also study the impact of these problems on performance and efficiency of the employees. Instead of staying productive and self-motivated while work-from-home respondents were actually struggling to maintain the balance between professional and personal life. The cut-off in salary and fear of losing a job due to this pandemic becomes one of the reasons for employee's job dissatisfaction.


Following the call to focus on law as a set of practices, I develop Michel Callon's concept of framing (which I refer to here as bracketing) in relation to law. Bracketing is the process of delimiting a sphere within which interactions take place more or less independently of a surrounding context. It temporarily rearranges the relations that constitute legal reality. A legal contract, for example, draws certain objects and relationships into sharper focus, ignoring or deliberately excluding others. I offer several examples of legal bracketing—some foundational, others highly routinized—and note several distinctive characteristics. I then use bracketing to think about legal categorization, law as effect (rather than essence), law's success, and the heterogeneity found within a legal frame.


PURPOSE: The hypothalamus plays a central role in integrating hormonal and nutritional signals from the periphery and modulating food intake, energy balance. However, obesity and type 2 diabetes cause dysfunction of hypothalamus. This study was to investigate the effects of 8 weeks resistance exercise training on leptin receptor, GLUT2 mRNA of the hypothalamus and skeletal muscle GLUT4 mRNA expression in OLETF rats.
METHODS: Thirty male OLETF rats were randomly divided into three groups: LETO (CON, n=10), OLETF (OLETF+CON, n=10), OLETF+resistance exercise (OLETF+EXE, n=10). Exercise group conducted gradual ladder climbing exercise 3 days per week for 8 weeks.
RESULTS: The results of this study was following; In the hypothalamus, leptin receptor (Ob-R) and GLUT2 mRNA expression were significantly increased in OLETF+EXE group compared with OLETF group (p<.05). Activation of AMPK was significantly decreased in OLETF+EXE group compared to OLETF group (p<.05). GLUT4 mRNA expression of skeletal muscle was significantly increased in OLETF+EXE group compared with OLETF group (p<.05), and HOMA-IR index also was significantly lower in OLETF+EXE group than OLETF group (p<.05).
CONCLUSIONS: These results showed that 8 weeks resistance exercise training can improve leptin receptor mRNA expression and glucose sensing in hypothalamic. Also, these effects may contribute to energy homeostasis in peripheral such as skeletal muscle.


Negative emotions and stress can impact human-human interactions and eventually lead to aggression. From the perspective of surveillance systems, it is of high importance to recognize as soon as an interaction escalates and human intervention is needed. One of the limitations of deploying a system in real life is that in practice it can only be trained on a limited number of situations. In this paper we examined the generalization capabilities of a trained system given context change. For this purpose we developed scenarios and made audio-visual recordings in four different contexts in which negative interactions might occur. To obtain a quantification of cross-context performance we kept the test context fixed and performed training on itself (cross-validation) and on all the other contexts. To explore whether multiple examples in the training set are beneficial, we also trained the classifier on a merged corpus of the three contexts that were not used for testing. These experiments were done with audio features, video features and audio-visual feature level fusion to investigate which modality generalizes best. We found that context change generates a decrease in performance that is varying with within-contexts similarities. Merging multiple contexts for training in most cases results in performance just below the best predictive single context. Audio is the most robust modality and in most cases the performance of audio-visual fusion is very close to the one of audio.


A preliminary study on the social behavior of the alpha male of South China sika deer was conducted in Taohongling Nature Reserve,Pengze County of Jiangxi Province from March to December 2005.Six kinds of social behaviors were recorded,namely the establishment and management of social hierarchy,vocal communication behavior,territory behavior,tussle behavior,mating behavior,and group-protection behavior.The biological meanings of these behaviors were analyzed.


In-silico analysis is an important step for discovering new drugs. In this work, we propose an implementation of GPU-accelerated Smith-Waterman local alignment algorithm to compute the similarity score of protein that used for drug- target analysis on Ijah Webserver, a web-based tool that provides searching and predicting services for the interaction between plants and diseases. We implement the proposed method in NVIDIA CUDA based GPU's. Performance evaluation of parallel proposed algorithm is measured by calculating the speedup. Based on the performance evaluation, our proposed method is faster than CPU codes with 3.42 times speedup.


ABSTRACT Meal-assistance robots (MARs) help feed meals to users with disabilities or who need help consuming their meals. Although such MARs have been introduced in various fields, guidelines for evaluating MARs are limited. This study aims to develop comprehensive guidelines to assess the user experience (UX) of MAR designs considering its social interaction characteristics between humans and robots. Participants from three groups (patients, doctors, and caregivers) with different perspectives on MARs were recruited and a focus group interview was conducted to collect their UXs with MARs. The three groups showed different UXs with MARs in user interface design, robot arm motion, and safety and mobility. In addition, based on the literature review, eight UX features (usability, emotion, value, naturalness, assistance, acceptance, personality, and culture) are proposed to evaluate MAR interfaces. The proposed comprehensive design guideline will be particularly useful in evaluating and designing the UX of MARs.


The present study aims at examining the Neo-colonial aspect in Ben Okri's Dangerous Love. It is a critique of Neo-colonialism as a form of the postcolonial theory that is concerned with perpetuating colonialism in Nigeria after independence. The main argument of the study is that, through presenting his vision of post-independence in Nigeria. Ben Okri wants to present his own vision of how to fight the different forms of colonialism after independence through portraying characters that are capable of presenting this gloomy vision. Of primary concern to this study is the way Okri sketches the Nigerian young people exemplified in the character of Omovo, the protagonist, and his friends. The study further examines the different types of the Nigerian people including the main characters and their reactions to the Neo-colonial practices and atrocities committed by the elite of the natives who represent the ex-colonial powers. Through a close textual analysis the study also investigates the different forms of disintegration resulting from Neo-colonialism as a form of perpetuating colonialism. Okri uses Omovo, as the first person narrator, to show his rejection of this disintegration as well as the degradation of life represented in the moral corruption of the ruling elite. In so doing, the author employs characterization as his tools in presenting the theme of his novel.


A reinforcement-learning-based approach is proposed for analyzing a market selection problem involving many agents who compete with each other in several markets. In our market selection problem, each agent is supposed to choose one market from several to sell his product. The market price of his product is determined by the supply and demand balance in the market, Thus, the profit the agent obtains from the rnarket depends on the total amount of other agents' products that are sold in that market. In this paper, we first formulate our market selection problern as an iterated n-person non-cooperative game. Then we show how a Q-]earning-based method can be applied to our market selection problem, The Q-learning-based method is applicable to our market selection problem even if each agent does not know the demand function of each market, which deter-mines the market price. Finally, we demenstrate the effectiveness of the Q-learning-based method by computer simulations. In the computer simulations, we compare the Q-Iearning-based method with a tailored strategy where each agent chooses a market with the maximum expected profit when other agents choose the same markets as previous trial.


The comprehensive development of physical culture and sports is a complex and difficult, multifaceted task that plays a special role in the development of society. Physical education is inextricably linked with moral education. During sports competitions, the athlete develops honesty, dignity, respect for his opponent and other moral qualities. Regular physical activity and sports have a strong positive effect on mental development. The relationship of mental labor with exercise and sports training is directly interrelated. This article examines the development of physical education in higher education institutions.


This paper analyzes the transmission efficiency of two kinds of communication technologies: summation frame and individual frame. The abstract models for these two communication technologies using linear topology, which is the most popular topology in industrial control field, are proposed in this paper. The simulation results based on the models show that summation frame has a significant performance advantage when the amount of exchange data is small.


Aim: To report a case of 3-hydroxybutyric aciduria with cerebellar ataxia. Methods: Collect and review a case of 3-hydroxybutyric aciduria with cerebellar ataxia as initial manifestations. Results: The case was an adult female patient, who was examined and found signs of cerebellar ataxia and high levels of 3-hydroxybutyric acid, acetylacetate, 2-keto-3-methypentanoate, and 2-keto-isocaproate in acid. Conclusion The patient was diagnosed 3-hydroxybutyric aciduria with cerebellar ataxia.


s of Papers, the Annual Meeting of the Agricultural Chemical Society of Japan (Tokyo, 1984), p. 568. 16) S. Tanaka, K. Wada, S. Marumo and H. Hattori, Tetrahedron Lett., submitted.


Abstract We prove a necessary and sufficient condition for the solution of the time-invariant Riccati differential equation to converge towards the strong solution of the corresponding algebraic Riccati equation, when the system is stabilizable, without assuming that the Hamiltonian matrix has no eigenvalues on the imaginary axis (or equivalently that there are no critical unobservable modes). The condition is a generalization of an earlier one established by Callier and Willems. Our proof revises an earlier one by Faurre, Clerget, and Germain, leading to additional information of what can be assumed without loss of generality in our context. It is also shown that the convergence is not always exponential and that the presence of critical unobservable modes may slow down but does not prevent the convergence of the solution of the Riccati differential equation. The impact of the condition on linear-quadratic optimal control is briefly discussed.


Urinary flow within the renal tubules, especially the inner‐medullary collecting duct (IMCD), increases after high sodium consumption. We previously reported that this natriuretic response is due, in part, to elevated nitric oxide (NO) production without associated changes in NO synthase (NOS) expression. This suggests that high flow increases NO production via increased NOS activity. Histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) has recently been cited as a flow‐responsive protein and may post‐translationally deacetylate lysines on non‐histone proteins. Therefore, we hypothesized that flow‐mediated increases in NO production occur via HDAC1. Mouse IMCD cells were grown to confluency on glass slides, then placed under static conditions or 10 dynes/cm2 fluid‐flow for 1 hour at 37°C in the presence of vehicle (0.1% DMSO) or MS‐275 (300 nM), HDAC1‐selective inhibitor. Nitrite production, analyzed by HPLC, increased in response to flow >5‐fold (static: 231.4±31.1, flow: 1291.49.2±183.8 pmol/mg pr/hr; n=7/group, p<0.0001). MS‐275 significantly decreased NO production in response to flow (MS‐275: 342.8±44.0 pmol/mg pr/hr; n=9/group, p<0.0001). HDAC1 expression (static: 1.00±0.2, flow: 0.98±0.1 RDU/β‐actin; n=6/group, p>0.05) and activity (static: 1.00±0.06, flow: 0.85±0.02 RDU/β‐actin; n=3/group, p>0.05) was unchanged with flow in whole cell lysate. However, HDAC1 immunofluorescent staining of post‐flow IMCD cells suggested the presence of both nuclear and cytosolic HDAC1 and nuclear extraction of these flowed samples revealed a significant decrease in nuclear HDAC1 expression (static: 1.00±0.1, flow: 0.68±0.1 RDU; n=6/group, p<0.05), indicating nuclear export. Calcium, a key player in classical NOS activation, has also been reported to activate HDAC nuclear export. Thus, we further hypothesized that flow activation of NO production as well as flow‐mediated export of HDAC1 is calcium‐dependent. Flow‐induced NO production was abolished in the absence of calcium (flow+vehicle: 2038.1±402.0; flow+BAPTA: 377.7±75.3 pmol/mg pr/hr; flow+calcium‐free media: 474.8±133.2 pmol/mg pr/hr; n= 5–11/group, p<0.001). However, flow mediated nuclear HDAC1 export was similar in the presence and absence of BAPTA treatment (flow: 0.75±0.04, flow+BAPTA: 0.74±0.03 RDU; n=6/group, p>0.05). In conclusion, IMCD NO production in response to flow is both calcium‐ and HDAC1‐dependent, but extracellular calcium appears not to facilitate the flow‐mediated nuclear export of HDAC1. Further studies will elucidate the disparate mechanism(s) of flow‐mediated HDAC1‐dependent NO production from flow‐mediated HDAC1 nuclear export.


Broad and profound Chinese traditional culture contains abundant humanistic spirit and only by making full use of this valuable cultural tradition and absorbing its nutrition and core can urban culture with creative,team and harmonious spirit be structured in city marketing.It is important to integrate effectively traditional Chinese culture and city marketing in city marketing.


The writings of Nicholas Cook, and especially the present volume, are characterized by an always-maintained balance of grace, elegance, intellectual rigour, thorough and meticulous scholarship, clearly laid out argumentation and a wry humour just under the surface. His writing is a distinct pleasure to read and, far from being mere flattery, this is a unique strength of The Schenker Project: it appeals across disciplines and can be read with great profit by a wide range of scholars including humanists, music historians, cultural historians, and music theorists. Humanists will enjoy the multidisciplinary bent informed by music, architecture, politics, and culture. Music historians will find in The Schenker Project a fascinating portrait of fin-de-siècle Vienna just as engaging as Carl Schorske's,1 but with a greater emphasis on music. Cultural historians will profit from its examination of the effects of cultural conservatism on the emergence of modernism. Finally, music theorists reading it will gain a more complete picture of the man who discerned and promulgated the single-most sophisticated conception of tonal music syntax and structure we have today. The production values of the book are quite high, as one would expect from such a reputable publisher as Oxford. Particularly attractive is Sheilah Barrett's Seccessionistic/art nouveau jacket design that, on the front, conflates a wellknown portrait of Schenker from the Oswald Jonas Memorial Collection and Leo Delitz's painting Bösendorfersaal, the detail of which seems to depict a Liederabend, and on the back depicts a street meeting of two Eastern-European Jewish men and a young boy (Ostjuden on the Mathildenplatz). The psychological subtext of the front cover art shows Schenker observing a scene typical of Viennese musical culture and, by extension, the whole of the culture itself; his gaze is fixed on the distance, as if he is 'surveying eternity from some remote seat', which calls to mind a statement he made (and which Cook cites) in the miscellanea of Tonwille vol. 4: 'for mankind a Sebastian Bach will have more importance for all time than a talent of the thirtieth century' (p. 31).2 This type of far-reaching statement is typical of Schenker, who sees genius and talent as separate intellectual qualities of which the former, an endowment by nature, is unattainable by the latter. Such thinking, Cook writes, like so much in Schenker, is born of a mind steeped in the German idealist tradition. Such a cover is extraordinarily well designed and steeped with layers of meaning that, in this respect, anticipates perfectly the content of the book. Nicholas Cook's The Schenker Project began as three seminars called 'Understanding the Schenker Project' at the Mannes Institute on Schenkerian Theory and Analysis, held in June of 2002. The seminars were entitled 'The


The luminosity of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will be increased during the Long Shutdown of 2022 and 2023 (LS3) in order to increase the sensitivity of its experiments. A completely new inner detector for the ATLAS experiment needs to be developed to withstand the extremely harsh environment of the upgraded, so-called High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). High radiation hardness as well as granularity is mandatory to cope with the requirements in terms of radiation damage as well as particle occupancy. A new silicon detector concept that uses commercial high voltage and/or high resistivity full complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) processes as active sensor for pixel and/or strip layers has risen high attention, because it potentially provides high radiation hardness and granularity and at the same time reduced price due to the commercial processing and possibly relaxed requirements for the hybridization technique. Results on the first prototypes characterized in a variety of laboratory as well as test beam environments are presented.


Infectious diseases can be transmitted from one person to another or from animals to humans of the causes of infection diseases is fungi. Fungi are microorganisms in the form of cells or branched threads. These microorganisms have a rigid cell wall and  composed of polysaccharides or chitin, have nuclei and spores, are not chlorophyllous and do not multiply sexually and asexually. Based on this, research was carried using of the welling method on antifungal bioactivity as well as a thin layer chromatography test of spotting to determine the content of secondary metabolites contained in the leaves of kale fence. This study aims to determine the bioactivity of secondary metabolites in n-hexane extract, ethyl acetate, and methanol of kangkong pagar leaves (Ipomoea carnea Jacq) against Candida albicans fungi. This study made four different concentrations namely 60%, 80%, 100%, 120%, for positive control using ketoconazole and negative control using CMC 1%. Data analysis is using the One Way ANOVA test. From this study, the results were that kale fence leaf extract contains secondary metabolites, namely flavonoids, tannins, steroids. Then the results of the antifungal activity test of fencing kale leaves have activities that can inhibit fungi at a concentration of 120% with an inhibitory zone diameter of 11,254 mm so that they can be classified as strong antifungal bioactivity, in the results of the One Way ANOVA analysis of the three samples (N Hexana, Methanol and ethyl Acetate), it is known that the Sig value is 0.000 < 0.05 so it can be said that the rata_rata is "Significantly Different".


Clearing the Air: Asthma and Indoor Air Exposure is a report from the Committee on the Assessment of Asthma and Indoor Air from the Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention of the Institute of Medicine. A distinguished committee prepared this report, an excellent description of the patterns of the disease and an encyclopedic discussion of indoor air triggers of asthma attacks. The Committee chose to present their review on the basis of making the judgment of whether the evidence for various agents acting as triggerswas sufficient to conclude a causal relationship, an association, was only suggestive of a causal relation or association, was inadequate to determine whether or notthere was an association, or was suggestive of no association. There are superb chapters detailing how the animal antigens, chemicals, environmental tobacco smoke, molds, and dampness promote asthmatic reactions in sensitive individuals. They conclude that there is sufficient evidence of a causal relationship between exposure to cat, cockroach, and dust mite allergens and to environmental tobacco smoke and exacerbation of asthma, but that the evidence for fungi, molds, and nitric oxides is only sufficient to conclude an association. There is even a very long chapter on ventilation and air cleaning systems and how they impact asthma, although this chapter would be more appropriate for a book on sick-building syndrome than asthma.


Results and Discussion: Demographic information of respondents, awareness, knowledge and perception on malaria was obtained. 96% of the respondents know that mosquito transmits malaria parasite. The respondents' knowledge on the symptoms of malaria as persistence headache was 94% while 6% wrongly said itching and bleeding were among the symptoms of malaria. 74% have experienced mosquito bites while 26% haven't experienced it. Sleeping under treated net by the respondents was poor as only 2% of them always sleep under insecticide treated net and 44% never sleep under it. Although, awareness of malaria among the secondary school students is high, there is a high percentage (%) of the respondents who never sleep under insecticide treated net.


This paper deals with numerical methods for calculation of electrical stresses in HVdc cables. The design of the "Skagerrak cable" i.e. the 130 km long dc submarine cable between Norway and Denmark, is described, and various calculations, both under stationary and transient condition of the cable, are given. The numerical methods permit both voltage, current and temperature to be time-dependent. Electrical stress distributions are shown both for service conditions and for recommended tests.


Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG) is a solid modeling representation that defines objects as Boolean combinations of primitive solids. For the display of such objects, both the visibility problem and the problem of combining the primitive solids into one composite object have to be solved. Recently, several CSG hidden surface algorithms have been published that reduce these two problems to a combination of simple depth comparisons and logical operations at the pixel level that can be performed in VLSI hardware display systems. An overview of these algorithms is given. Furthermore, a CSG depth-buffer algorithm is presented that combines these algorithms.


Cyber stalking is the use of computers or other electronic technology to facilitate stalking. A booming " spy shop " industry has sprouted up to supply Hi-tech equipment such as computer hacking or monitoring software, hidden cameras, microphones, and GPS tracking units. Psychological effects on stalking victims Disruptions in daily life necessary to escape the stalker, including changes in employment, residence and phone numbers, may take a toll on the victim's well-being and lead to a sense of isolation.


Prize for distinguished scholarship and she holds Honorary Doctorates from the Universities of Edinburgh, Leicester and Kingston. She worked with the Judicial Studies Board for 12 years, serving as a member of the Main Board and the Tribunals Committee, and was closely involved in the design and delivery of training for the judiciary at all levels. She served for eight years as Deputy Chair and then Chair of the Economic and Social Research Council's Research Grants Board. She has a long-standing research interest in civil justice and has published widely in the field. She recently delivered the 2008 Hamlyn Lectures on the subject of civil justice. In recognition of her work on civil justice, she was awarded a CBE in the Queen's Birthday Honours List in 2000 and appointed DBE in the Queen's Birthday Honours List in 2006. That year she was also made an honorary Queen's Counsel (QC). In 2008 she was elected an Honorary Master of the Bench of Gray's Inn. The Judicial Executive Board is pleased to publish this report by Professor Dame Hazel Genn DBE, QC analysing the reasons why senior practitioners who are generally regarded as suitable for appointment as High Court judges either do or do not apply. As well as being one of the most distinguished academics in her field, Hazel Genn is also a member of the Judicial Appointments Commission. It is important, therefore, to point out the research was not conducted by her as a Commissioner. It was conducted on behalf of the Judicial Executive Board. Her report is not the work of the Commission and does not bind or commit the Commission. Moreover, the research was not commissioned because of any concerns about the success of the Judicial Appointments Commission in attracting high quality candidates to apply for appointment to the High Court; in fact the two High Court selection exercises it has conducted have been notably successful. It is, nevertheless, clear that there are a number of apparently highly qualified potential candidates who do not apply, and it was thought important to discover why they do not. The research is based on interviews conducted in late 2007 and early 2008 with six recently appointed High Court judges and 29 highly qualified barristers and solicitors. I believe this is the first research of its kind, and it provides some interesting insights. Some confirm what one would expect – it has …


Optical interference is proof of the wave nature of light and matter–wave interferometers have also been shown to work for electrons and neutrons (by exploiting the de Broglie wavelength of the particles). Now a working interferometer for atoms has been demonstrated at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) for the first time, in the sense that it uses "atomic beam splitters" to separate and recombine atomic beams (David W Keith et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. (1991) 66 2693). A simpler experiment at Konstanz University, Germany (O Carnal and J Mlynek Phys. Rev. Lett. (1991) 66 2689) has also demonstrated interference phenomena in atomic beams but a detailed description of the apparatus is not yet published. Atom interferometers will some day be useful in precision metrology, mass tomography, precision gyroscopes, general relativity, fundamental quantum mechanics and atomic physics.


For orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication systems, the orthogonality among subcarriers is lost in mobile applications due to frequency offset resulting from either transmitter-receiver local oscillator differences or Doppler shift caused by mobility. As a direct result, inter-carrier interference (ICI) is observed on each and every subcarrier, leading to significant performance degradation. There are a lot of OFDM carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimation schemes classified as data aided estimation and blind estimation. Due to the system power and high bandwidth efficiencies, blind estimators have received a lot of attention recently. Many blind CFO schemes were proposed for OFDM systems, some of which are based on power spectrum smoothing, kurtosis-type cost functions and minimum output variance. In this paper, we propose a novel blind CFO estimator based on Minimum Reconstruction Error (MRE). In contrast to other blind CFO estimators, the proposed technique can be used for any constellation schemes, does not require a large number of blocks to reach acceptable estimation error and provides reliable estimation performance with very low mean square error (MSE). Simulation results in AWGN and multi-path fading channels confirm that performance of the proposed highly accurate blind CFO estimator is superior when frequency offset or time variation occurs in the channel - the proposed technique outperforms most existing blind CFO estimation methods.


In this article, I analyze several of the key systems of reasoning that are embodied in several eras of music documents. Starting from these texts and reading across cultural practices that touched the curriculum, the analysis considers ideals and codes of behavior as systems of knowledge that fabricate who the learner is and what the substance of the lessons should be. My interest in these fabrications follows a body of scholarship in the history of education on the connection between the discursive environment of the child, schooling, and the constitution of social and political life The purpose of my analysis is to offer the music curriculum as an example of how lines of inclusion and exclusion are drawn.


This paper proposes a novel method for document enhancement. The method is based on the combination of two state-of-the-art filters through the construction of a mask. The mask is applied to a TV (Total Variation) - regularized image where background noise has been reduced. The masked image is then filtered by NLmeans (Non LocalMeans) which reduces the noise in the text areas located by the mask. The document images to be enhanced are real historical documents from several periods which include several defects in their background. These defects result from scanning, paper aging and bleed-through. We observe the improvement of this enhancement method through OCR accuracy.


The relationship between skewness and kurtosis of surface elevation and slope of irregular waves was investigated using laboratory and field observations. The squared values of skewness were found to be proportional to kurtosis as estimated by using the Stokes wave model. The joint probability density functions of surface elevation and slopes were evaluated by applying the principle of maximum entropy. The effects of reflected waves on the joint distribution of the surface elevation and slopes were also investigated. The theoretical conditional distributions of p(h , hx = 0) based on a simple nonlinear wave model reproduced the dependence on the representative wave slope and were in good agreement with the laboratory observations.


This paper reports on the monitoring and repair of a pilot field deployment of a glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) deck on a small steel girder bridge in the Washington State. Deck deflections were monitored periodically over a 10-month period and were found to increase significantly over that time. The GFRP deck is an adhesively bonded assembly of GFRP tubes and top and bottom plates. After 9 months of service, wearing surface cracking was observed, and upon closer inspection, the top GFRP plate was found to be delaminated from the tubes over a fairly large area. Deck deflections in the area of delamination were found to be considerably larger than those observed during previous monitoring in undamaged locations. A retrofit solution was employed where the top plate was reconnected to the tubes using screws coated with a two-part epoxy that mixed when they were driven. At the time of writing the retrofit was successful in reattaching the delaminated top plate.


This paper presents a study of the effects of stress and thermal expansion of inductively coupled plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposited (ICPCVD) amorphous Si thin films on low-temperature microelectromechanical systems test structures. Experimental data were used in conjunction with finite-element modeling (FEM) to predict deformation in simple microstructures across a wide temperature range from 85 to 300 K. Temperature dependence of residual stress and the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of ICPCVD Si thin films was investigated by characterizing the curvature of bilayer thin-film samples through the use of optical profilometry at low temperature. Extracted parameters were used in an FEM package to confirm the experimental results by correlating with observed deformation of fabricated test structures. It is demonstrated that the experimentally determined CTE enables accurate modeling of the mechanical behavior of thin-film microstructures across a wide range of temperatures.


Objective To evaluate the effect of three different methods on the radiofrequency ablation(RFA)treatment of rabbits liver.Methods Fourty-four rabbits were divided into 4 groups:group A,single RFA,group B,RFA combined with 2 ml normal saline injetion,group C,RFA combined with 2% nano-sized FesO4 liquid 2 ml,and group D,RFA com- bined with liver artery clipping.The rabbits were killed one week after the therapy,the size of necrosis was accounted and pathologically observed.Results The size of the RFA was(1.06±0.37)cm~2 in group A,(1.94±0.76)cm~2 in B,(1.41±0.51)cm~2 in C and(2.45±0.69)cm~2 in group D.Significant difference existed either between group B to A or group D to A (P=0.001 and P=0.0001,respectively).The complete necrosis rate was 27.3%,63.6%,36.4%,and 72.7% of group A,B,C,D,respectively,and significant difference was also observed either between group B to A or group D to A(P= 0.036).Conclusion RFA combined with NS injection and with liver artery clipping is helpful to increase the therapeutic effect of RFA of rabbits liver.


The proportion of the T cells bearing receptor for Fc portion of IgG (IgG. FcR + . T cell), IgM (IgM. FcR+. T cell) among total T cells and helper activity of T cells on immunoglobulin production from B cells stimulated with pokeweed mitogen were estimated using circulating lymphocytes in patients with the Down syndrome. The proportion of IgG and IgM FcR+ . T cells were normal in all cases of the Down syndrome. The helper T cell activity of mitogen induced policlonal immunoglobulin production was decreased in the Down syndrome. In some of the patients, the B cell function also decreased. The lymphocytes from the Down syndrome decreased reactivity to Concanavalin A (Con A) and haemagglutinin (PHA), therefore there was no big change of ratio of Con A response to PHA. From these observations I concluded that there is disturbance in the T cell system in the Down syndrome.


The literature on West Germanic verb clusters is abundant. Some influential lexicalist models of verb clusters in Dutch and German are Bresnan et al. (1982) and Kaplan & Zaenen (2003) for LFG and Hinrichs & Nakazawa (1994), Bouma & van Noord (1998), Kathol (2000), and Müller (2002) for HPSG. In HPSG verb clusters are canonically modelled in terms of argument inheritance, i.e. the non-subject arguments of unsaturated verbal complements are treated in a similar fashion as raised subjects, cf. the lexical constraint in (5), after Hinrichs & Nakazawa (1994). If A is an empty list, the constraint is similar to the one for subject raising proposed in Ginzburg & Sag (2000, 22). In Van Eynde & Augustinus (2013) and Augustinus (2015) it is motivated that subject and complement raising are different phenomena.2 While subject raising is modelled using the canonical lexical constraint, a phrasal constraint is employed for raised complements. The Complement Raising Principle (CRP) in (6) states that in a headed phrase, the COMPS list of the non-head daughter is added to the COMPS list of the mother.3 Cancellation of elements from the COMPS list is modelled in the definition of phrases of type headcomplement. The constraint is given in (7), after Müller (2002, 16). As head-complement phrase is a subtype of headed-phrase, it follows that the COMPS list can expand and shrink at the same time. The application of (6) and (7) to (1) is illustrated in (8).4 In the argument inheritance approach Hinrichs-Nakazawa style, the unsaturated complement of gevonden 'found' would be shared with the selecting verbs hebben 'have' and moet 'must', but in the complement raising approach it is directly propagated to the mother node. Only the verbal complements appear on the COMPS lists of the selecting verbs. In this paper it will be illustrated that the CRP not only accurately links the verbs to their non-verbal complements, but also allows to model word order variation in verb clusters in a more elegant way compared to earlier proposals, i.e. as binarybranching structures in which the order of the nodes in the tree is similar to the linear order of the verbs in the cluster.


A packet compressor (12) operates under a reliable mode or an optimistic mode. A mode determination unit (31) counts the number of ACK packets or NACK packets received by a unit time X by an ACK/NACK packet receiver (14). When the counted number of NACK packets is larger than a predetermined value Y, the mode determination unit (31) switches the operation mode of the packet compressor (12) to the reliable mode. When the counted number of ACK packets is larger than a predetermined value Z, the mode determination unit (31) switches the operation mode of the packet compressor (12) to the optimistic mode.


The Australian patent system provides protection for both standard and innovation patents. The case of Dura-Post (Aust) Pty Ltd v Delnorth Pty Ltd concerns three innovation patents owned by Delnorth for an invention for a ''Roadside Post'' for supporting signage or delineating paths, roadways or boundaries. This article analyses the court's findings with respect to the concept of a manner of new manufacture and assessment of innovative step.


Abstract The severely emotionally disturbed adolescent (SEDA) requires a markedly different therapeutic approach from that used with adolescents who are experiencing problems, even severe ones, arising out of variations of normal adolescent growth and development. SEDAs are often products of dysfunctional family systems, and they bring vestiges of these systems into group therapy. They often project conflicts with parents onto the leaders and display in the group the maladaptive behaviors and idiosyncratic belief systems fostered in the family unit


This paper is concerned with the iterative learning control problem for switched large-scale systems. According to the characteristics of the systems, a decentralized D-type iterative learning control law is proposed for such switched large-scale systems. The proposed controller of each subsystem relies only on local output variables, without any information exchanges with other subsystems. By using the contraction mapping method, it is shown that the algorithm can guarantee that the output of each subsystem converges to the desired trajectory over the whole time interval along the iteration axis. Finally, three numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.


AIM To study the relationship between classification of RVO and RCT. METHODS Fiftythree cases of RVO with arteriosclerosis were classified into different types according to their RCT by FFA. Based on different time intervals, the RVO was classified into ischemic and nonischemic type, namely, 5 s or ≤5 s respectively. By these criteria, 13 cases of CRVO and 13 cases of BRVO belonged to ischemic type and 17 cases of CRVO and 10 cases of BRVO to nonischemic type in this series. RESULTS RCT of HR both in CRVO and BRVO significantly prolonged (P0.01); RCT of HR and VSR both in CRVO and BRVO was significantly longer than that of the control group (P0.05~0.01). CONCLUSION This classification is thought to be simple and of some significance in the early treatment and prognostication of RVO.


This letter deals with using ultrawideband (UWB) Wheeler Cap (UWB WCap) and reverberation chamber (RC) to measure efficiencies of narrowband antennas. This first testbed designed for very broadband systems can also be accurate for narrowband antennas. The second one, first designed for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) measurements, offers advantages to measure antenna efficiency. Results are given to assess uncertainty and accuracy of both measurement means.


We have characterized a Drosophila melanogaster cDNA which encodes a protein similar to rat S13, nematode S 17 and archaebacterial S 1 ribosomal proteins. Based on this similarity and a predicted protein molecular weight of 17 kD, we refer to the Drosophila gene as Rpl7. Archaebacterial SIl is similar in sequence and function to E. coli S15, which is important in the assembly of the 15S rRNA into the small ribosomal subunit and in interactions between large and small ribosomal subunits (1, 2). The Rpl 7 cDNA, hybridizes a 740 nucleotide RNA which is expressed abundantly in all life stages and appears to be complete. Rpl 7 is a single copy gene. It maps to 29A on the polytene chromosome map.


Background: One of the growth media of Escherichia coli bacteria is influenced by temperature. According to WHO the optimal temperature for the growth of bacteria 35oC, at higher temperatures all cultures will appear sensitive. According to CLSI the optimum temperature for sensitivity of Escherichia coli bacteria is 35
± 2oC. This study was conducted to determine the differences in the zone of inhibition of gentamicin antibiotics against Escherichia coli bacteria at incubation temperatures 33oC and 37oC.
Method: This study is an analytical observation study with comparative sectional crosss, this study in the Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Katolik Musi Charitas University. The sample of this study was the Escherichia coli culture derivative that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Bacterial derivatives of Escherichia coli which have been planted on Muller Hinton In order to add gentamicin antibiotics with the Kirby-bauer method. Then each was incubated at a temperature of 33oC and 37oC and incubated for 24 hours. The results of the zone of inhibition were measured in mm. Then analyzed using the Wilcoxon test with a confidence level of 95%.
Result: The results show a minimum median value of 24 and, a maximum of 25 at a temperature of 33oC and at a temperature of 37oC. The results of the statistical test showed that there was no difference (p = 1,000) between the zone of inhibition of gentamicin antibiotics against Escherichia coli bacteria at temperatures of 33oC and 37oC.
Conclusion: There was no difference in zone of inhibition of gentamicin antibiotics against Escherichia coli bacteria at incubation temperatures 33oC and 37oC.


In this report, we offer evidence that carrageenan, a polyclonal B-cell mitogen, and Salmonella O antigen, when administered together, can induce in vivo multinucleated giant cells from dendritic cells in the chicken spleen.


Spore germination and protonema development of Pylaisiella polyantha (Hedw.) Grout in response to Knop and distilled water. The medium of these two condition is agar. The spores of Pylaisiella polyantha is well developed, its protonemata and gametophyte are formed. The process from the spore germination and protonema growth to development of the gametophyte are illustrated and taken microphotographs. The result shows that the time of spore germination at two condition is 53.5 hours, the germination pole is 1-4 poles.There is a contrast to germination rate of the two groups. After 4 days, the germination rate of experiment group is 85.4%, the other is 54.1%. About the 20th day bud primordium appears. Nearly 40th day, the gametophyte fully grow and starts development of sexual organs. Besides, the characteristic about (deve-)(lopment) of the gametophyte are analysed and discussed in this paper.


The authors have developed a version of the Bryan-Cox-Semtner ocean model (Bryan, 1969; Semtner, 1976; Cox, 1984) for massively parallel computers. Such models are three-dimensional, Eulerian models that use latitude and longitude as the horizontal spherical coordinates and fixed depth levels as the vertical coordinate. The incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, with a turbulent eddy viscosity, and mass continuity equation are solved, subject to the hydrostatic and Boussinesq approximations. The traditional model formulation uses a rigid-lid approximation (vertical velocity = 0 at the ocean surface) to eliminate fast surface waves. These waves would otherwise require that a very short time step be used in numerical simulations, which would greatly increase the computational cost. To solve the equations with the rigid-lid assumption, the equations of motion are split into two parts: a set of twodimensional ``barotropic`` equations describing the vertically-averaged flow, and a set of three-dimensional ``baroclinic`` equations describing temperature, salinity and deviations of the horizontal velocities from the vertically-averaged flow.


Introduction: Activities of Daily Living (ADL) in children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) include a variety of environmental settings. Environmental setting plays an important role in clinical assessment and therapeutic intervention to improve the mobility in children with CP. There are various environmental factors like movable surfaces, stairs, carpeting, physical obstacles, which facilitate or constrain the mobility of children with CP. Aim: To study the differences in motor function and gait speed at different environmental settings and find out the usual mobility methods of children with CP in home, school and community settings. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Outpatient Department (OPD) of Paediatrics at Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India. The duration of the study was seven months, from February 2022 to August 2022. A total of 50 CP children aged between 4-12 years were included and demographic details were collected. Type of CP, gross motor function, gait speed and methods of mobility were evaluated at home, community and school in all the children with CP. Gross Motor Function Measurement (GMFM 88-E), One-Minute Walk Test (1MWT) and parent checklist for mobility methods were used as outcome measures to collect the data and analysed with Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Friedman test. Results: The mean age of the study population was 8.34±1.62 years, which included 29 (58%) male children and 21 (42%) female children. Gross motor function and gait speed varied across the environment and statistically significant differences (p-value=<0.001) were observed in the home, community and school. Results related to methods of mobility showed that, most of the children, 38 (76%) walk alone in the home and are carried by adults in the community 30 (60%) and use all mobility methods in school. Conclusion: The present study concluded that, the gross motor function, gait speed and methods of mobility varied across the different environmental settings (home, community and school). Motor function and gait speed were better at home, followed by the school than the community. The common method of mobility was walking alone at home and being carried by adults in the community


In order to protect and rationally utilize the wild medicinal and ornamental herbaceous plants at arid valley in Ganzi prefecture,their species and value were studied by field survey,data access and disposition test.The results showed that at arid valley in Ganzi prefecture,there were wild medicinal and ornamental herbaceous plants with 375 species,224 genera,and 69 families;among them,the families which species more than 10 were Orchidaceae,Asteraceae,Liliaceae,Fabaceae,Ranunculaceae,Solanaceae,Umbelliferae,Lamiaceae,and Campanulaceae;21 species were studied by disposition test during this research,which landscape effect was remarkable.The suggestions were as following building and using the specialized garden well,and doing the supporting scientific research work well,so as to fully explore the potential value of wild medicinal and ornamental herbaceous plants at arid valley.


In this paper,an optical steganography communication system of single wavelength public channel based on temporal phase OCDMA is proposed and demonstrated.By analysis the stimulating results of the proposed system,discussed the hiding and usability of steganography channel,the balance of power ratio between steganography channel and public channel,and the power penalty of public channel resulting from the steganography channel.


Background Autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR) is the sensation of tingling from audiovisual stimuli that leads to positive emotions. ASMR is used among young people to relax, induce sleep, reduce stress, and alleviate anxiety. However, even without experiencing tingling, ASMR is used by many young people to seek relaxation. Auditory stimulation in ASMR is thought to play the most important role among its triggers, and previous studies have used a mixture of auditory and visual stimulation and auditory stimulation. This is the first study to approach the differences between the effects of direct audiovisual and auditory stimulation from the perspective of brain function using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and to clarify the effects of ASMR, which attracts many young people. Methods The subjects were 30 healthy subjects over 19 years old or older who had not experienced tingling. Brain function was imaged by fMRI while watching ASMR videos or listening to the sound files only. We administered a questionnaire based on a Likert scale to determine if the participants felt a "relaxed mood" and "tingling mood" during the task. Results Significant activation was found in the visual cortex for audiovisual stimulation and in the visual and auditory cortex for auditory stimulation. In addition, activation of characteristic sites was observed. The specific sites of activation for audiovisual stimulation were the middle frontal gyrus and the left nucleus accumbens, while the specific sites of activation for auditory stimulation were the bilateral insular cortices. The questionnaire showed no significant differences in either "relaxed mood" or "tingling mood" in response to auditory and visual stimulation or auditory stimulation alone. Conclusion The results of this study showed that there was a clear difference between auditory and audiovisual stimulation in terms of the areas of activation in the brain, but the questionnaire did not reveal any difference in the subjects' mood. Audiovisual stimulation showed activation of the middle frontal gyrus and the nucleus accumbens, whereas auditory stimulation showed activation of the insular cortex. This difference in brain activation sites suggests a difference in mental health effects between auditory and audiovisual stimulation. However, future research on comparisons between those who experience tingling and those who do not, as well as investigations of physiological indices, and examination of the relationship with activated areas in the brain may show that ASMR is useful for mental health.


Background: Little is known of biological functions of DNA polymerase (pol) θ in human cells. Results: polθ promotes replication through the common oxidation product, thymine glycol, in human cells. Conclusion: polθ active site can accommodate the considerable distortion imposed by thymine glycol at the extension step. Significance: polθ may function in translesion synthesis opposite a variety of DNA lesions. The biological functions of human DNA polymerase (pol) θ, an A family polymerase, have remained poorly defined. Here we identify a role of polθ in translesion synthesis (TLS) in human cells. We show that TLS through the thymine glycol (TG) lesion, the most common oxidation product of thymine, occurs via two alternative pathways, in one of which, polymerases κ and ζ function together and mediate error-free TLS, whereas in the other, polθ functions in an error-prone manner. Human polθ is comprised of an N-terminal ATPase/helicase domain, a large central domain, and a C-terminal polymerase domain; however, we find that only the C-terminal polymerase domain is required for TLS opposite TG in human cells. In contrast to TLS mediated by polκ and polζ, in which polζ would elongate the chain from the TG:A base pair formed by polκ action, the ability of polθ alone to carry out the nucleotide insertion step, as well as the subsequent extension step that presents a considerable impediment due to displacement of the 5′ template base, suggests that the polθ active site can accommodate highly distorting DNA lesions.


The three‐body and two‐body electron‐correlation functions are calculated for a plasma in thermal equilibrium. The method involves convergent kinetic equations developed from the hierarchy by an expansion in e = 1/4πnLD3 which is carried to second order. The free energy determined by this method agrees with the previous result of Abe.


A comprehensive experimental approach to the problem of determining static stability boundary (divergence) or dynamic stability boundary (flutter) of a given multiparameter aeroelastic system in a low speed wind tunnel is presented. The experimental setup with the corresponding measurement algorithm is based on the well-known theoretical model of an elastically supported typical wing section with two degrees of freedom. The design of the experimental system makes it possible to vary structural parameters within the determined parameter space. An automated measurement algorithm for determination of static or dynamic stability boundary by monitoring the aeroelastic system response to an initial impulse in the time domain is developed. The multiparameter experimental results of the case study using a NACA 0012 airfoil are compared to the analytical solutions of the theoretical model. The comparison shows that the experimental setup represents a reliable platform for aeroelastic wind tunnel test purposes. In addition, series of experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of airfoil thickness distribution on dynamic and static stability boundary. The results are compared to those of the NACA 0012 airfoil.


It started on the trunk with few vesicles over the chest and upper back which progressed to involve the rest of the body over the next two to three days. There was history of fever associated with the skin rash. Patient also complained of mild pain over the lesions. The vesicles and bullae burst open to leave behind erosions with hemorrhagic crusting which healed over the next five to six days. There was a history of similar lesions in the relatives of the patient. There was no history suggestive of any systemic infection in the form of headache, breathlessness, or loss of appetite. There was intake of drugs upto six weeks prior to the onset of symptoms. There was no history of atopy. On examination, the patient was poorly built (BMI: 16.2 kg/m2). Pallor was present, however there was no lymphadenopathy. Cutaneous examination revealed multiple, well‐defined, discrete to grouped polysized hemorrhagic vesicles with crusting distributed over the entire body with involvement of scalp, palms, and soles, associated with mild tenderness over the involved skin and with sparing of the mucosal surfaces [Figure 1].


Diapycnal mixing due to wind-generated near-inertial internal wave breaking plays an important role in the ocean interior mixing. However, the effects of its parameterization on the simulation in oceanic model remain to be studied progressively. In this paper, a diapycnal mixing parameterization due to wind-generated near-inertial wave breaking is implemented to the Modular Ocean Model (MOM) below the ocean surface boundary layer. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can effectively improve the upper 1 000 m temperature and salinity deviations simulated by MOM4, especially in the ventilation areas of the North Pacific Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean. Numerical experiments show that the near-inertial wave breaking may be one of the most important mechanisms to maintain the oceanic ventilation processes. It makes temperature colder, salinity fresher and isopyncal layer depth deeper in the ventilation area. The maintenance of ventilation processes extends the impact of the subpolar gyre to the subtropical gyre in the North Pacific. Therefore, the simulated temperature and salinity in the source region of the North Pacific Intermediate Water and the eastern part of the subtropical gyre are closer to the observation. Meanwhile, the simulation of the North Atlantic Ocean overturning circulation intensity is more reasonable.


Education on politics,study and righteousness is one important stage of counecting the past and future since the establishment of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, one time to be armed with ideological theory by promoting the deep harmony of the whole university and the mighty power to push the developmendt of school reform.


BACKGROUND
We examined the trend of the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) cervical infection among Rwandan women living with HIV (WLWH) over a period of 12 years.

METHODS
The prevalence of cervical hrHPV DNA was measured in three different studies conducted at three different time periods in three different groups of WLWH using three different but comparable hrHPV tests: a MY09/MY11 PCR test in 2005 (RWISA) (n=497), careHPV in 2009-2010 (HPV Demonstration) (n=1,242), and Xpert HPV Test in 2016-2018 (U54) (n=4,734). Prevalences were also adjusted for age groups and CD4 cell count categories.

RESULTS
HrHPV prevalence decreased over time from 42.5% to 32.2% to 26.5%, respectively (p<0.001). CD4 cell counts improved over time (ptrend<0.001) so that the percentage of WLWH with CD4 counts of ≥500 cells/mm3 increased from 7.7% in 2005 to 42.2% in 2009-2010 and 61.1% in 2016-2018. Thus, after adjustment for differences in CD4 counts and age, hrHPV prevalences were much more similar over time: 32.6% for RWISA, 30.6% for HPV Demonstration, and 27.1% for U54 (p=0.007).

DISCUSSION
The prevalence of hrHPV among WLWH has decreased over the past decade most likely the result of improved immune reconstitution due to better HIV care and management in Rwanda.


I read with great interest the article entitled "Neurotoxicity of hexachlorophene in the human. " The authors state that there was "no association between the vacuolar encephalopathy and recorded subtotal exposure to 3% hexachlorophene as specific localized cleansing preparations or to 'diluted' pHisoHex; only the number of baths actually recorded as baths in undiluted pHisoHex correlated with the lesion." The absence of lesions in the Children's Orthopedic Hospital group correlated well with the difference in bathing technique and dilution.


A complex-valued data-based model with pth order autoregressive errors and general real/imaginary error covariance structure is proposed as an alternative to the commonly used magnitude-only data-based autoregressive model for fMRI time series. Likelihood-ratio-test-based activation statistics are derived for both models and compared for experimental and simulated data. For a dataset from a right-hand fingertapping experiment, the activation map obtained using complex-valued modeling more clearly identifies the primary activation region (left functional central sulcus) than the magnitude-only model. Such improved accuracy in mapping the left functional central sulcus has important implications in neurosurgical planning for tumor and epilepsy patients. Additionally, we develop magnitude and phase detrending procedures for complex-valued time series and examine the effect of spatial smoothing. These methods improve the power of complex-valued data-based activation statistics. Our results advocate for the use of the complex-valued data and the modeling of its dependence structures as a more efficient and reliable tool in fMRI experiments over the current practice of using only magnitude-valued datasets. Disciplines Applied Statistics | Other Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment Comments This article is published as Adrian, Daniel W., Ranjan Maitra, and Daniel B. Rowe. "Complex-valued time series modeling for improved activation detection in fMRI studies." The Annals of Applied Statistics 12, no. 3 (2018): 1451-1478. DOI: 10.1214/17-AOAS1117. Posted with permission. This article is available at Iowa State University Digital Repository: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/stat_las_pubs/169 The Annals of Applied Statistics 2018, Vol. 12, No. 3, 1451–1478 https://doi.org/10.1214/17-AOAS1117 © Institute of Mathematical Statistics, 2018 COMPLEX-VALUED TIME SERIES MODELING FOR IMPROVED ACTIVATION DETECTION IN FMRI STUDIES BY DANIEL W. ADRIAN∗, RANJAN MAITRA†,1 AND DANIEL B. ROWE‡,2 Grand Valley State University∗, Iowa State University† and Marquette University‡ A complex-valued data-based model with pth order autoregressive errors and general real/imaginary error covariance structure is proposed as an alternative to the commonly used magnitude-only data-based autoregressive model for fMRI time series. Likelihood-ratio-test-based activation statistics are derived for both models and compared for experimental and simulated data. For a dataset from a right-hand finger-tapping experiment, the activation map obtained using complex-valued modeling more clearly identifies the primary activation region (left functional central sulcus) than the magnitudeonly model. Such improved accuracy in mapping the left functional central sulcus has important implications in neurosurgical planning for tumor and epilepsy patients. Additionally, we develop magnitude and phase detrending procedures for complex-valued time series and examine the effect of spatial smoothing. These methods improve the power of complex-valued data-based activation statistics. Our results advocate for the use of the complex-valued data and the modeling of its dependence structures as a more efficient and reliable tool in fMRI experiments over the current practice of using only magnitude-valued datasets.


Automatic polyp detection and segmentation are desirable for colon screening because the polyps miss rate in clinical practice is relatively high. The deep learning-based approach for polyp segmentation has gained much attention in recent years due to the automatic feature extraction process to segment polyp regions with unprecedented precision. However, training these networks requires a large amount of manually annotated data, which is limited by the available resources of endoscopic doctors. We propose a self-supervised visual learning method for polyp segmentation to address this challenge. We adapted self-supervised visual feature learning with image reconstruction as a pretext task and polyp segmentation as a downstream task. UNet is used as the backbone architecture for both the pretext task and the downstream task. The unlabeled colonoscopy image dataset is used to train the pretext network. For polyp segmentation, we apply transfer learning on the pretext network. The polyp segmentation network is trained using a public benchmark dataset for polyp segmentation. Our experiments demonstrate that the proposed self-supervised learning method can achieve a better segmentation accuracy than an UNet trained from scratch. On the CVC-ColonDB polyp segmentation dataset with only annotated 300 images, the proposed method improves IoU metric from 76.87% to 81.99% and Dice metric from 86.61% to 89.33% for polyp segmentation, compared to the baseline UNet.


A general optimization scheme for the autonomous design of transverse waveguide filters has been presented. By employing a novel genetic algorithm in conjunction with a commercial FEM software package, the technique demonstrated here is readily applicable to a wide variety of waveguide filter problems. Specifically, the method was shown to yield excellent results for notch and bandpass filter responses when comparing ideal, simulated, and measured |S21| responses


This is a book about the foundations of Mormon authority, but it's only the beginning of a long saga detailing the captivating story of Mormon priesthood. It has focused on what has traditionally been called the restoration of Mormon priesthood, which expanded further in the final years of Joseph Smith's life. Stretching this volume a little beyond its intended scope, this epilogue will briefly open the door for the next phase of authority in Mormon history, tracing the development of Mormon liturgy in five key areas.


Searching for a lot of marketed publication or reading resource worldwide? We supply them done in format kind as word, txt, kindle, pdf, zip, rar and ppt. one of them is this qualified the herb book that has actually been written by Still puzzled the best ways to get it? Well, just review online or download by registering in our site here. Click them. Need an excellent e-book? the herb book by , the most effective one! Wan na get it? Find this exceptional e-book by right here now. Download or read online is readily available. Why we are the best website for downloading this the herb book Naturally, you could select the book in numerous data types and also media. Try to find ppt, txt, pdf, word, rar, zip, and also kindle? Why not? Obtain them here, now! Looking for competent reading resources? We have the herb book to read, not just read, yet likewise download them or even review online. Discover this great book writtern by by now, simply below, yeah just right here. Obtain the files in the kinds of txt, zip, kindle, word, ppt, pdf, as well as rar. Once more, never miss to check out online as well as download this book in our website here. Click the link. GO TO THE TECHNICAL WRITING FOR AN EXPANDED TYPE OF THIS THE HERB BOOK, ALONG WITH A CORRECTLY FORMATTED VERSION OF THE INSTANCE MANUAL PAGE ABOVE.


Under the moderate-intensity rainfall conditions,soil column leaching simulation was used to study the effects of the combined application of pig manure and shell powder or rice hull ash(RHA) calcium on characteristics of the calcium leaching,migration and transformation in the vertical aeolian sandy soil of coastal farming.The result showed that the calcium leaching was stronger,and the main forms of calcium leaching were the water-soluble calcium and adsorption calcium under 60mm of rainfall conditions.Sand soil mixed pig manure can reduce calcium fertilizer leaching,but the leaching rate was still up 79.8% to 83.1% and the leaching rate of the combined application of shell powder calcium was higher than that of RHA calcium.In addition,a moderate-intensity rainfall can make the surface shell powder calcium concentrate in the 10-15 cm and migrated depth to 15 cm or 20 cm of soil,while make RHA calcium concentrate in the15~20 cm and migrated depth of 20 cm below of soil.12.31% to 14.6% of the remaining calcium was transformed into the adsorption of calcium,and 4.7% to 5.8% of the remaining calcium exited in the water-soluble calcium form,while only a very small part of less than 0.6% was converted to non-acid-soluble calcium and non-exchange calcium.


Objective To estimate the relationship between energy,macronutrients intake and overweight,obesity in chines women. Methods Data were collected from the China Health and Nutrition Survey( 1989- 2009),the changes of Chinese dietary intake and the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Chinese adult women in recent years were described. The association between energy,macronutrients intake and overweight and obesity in Chinese female adults was estimated by partial correlation and quantile regression analysis. Results Overweight and obesity among Chinese women had been increased rapidly from 1989 to 2009. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 29. 4% and 10. 4% in Chinese females,much higher than that in 1989,which was 16. 5% and 1. 7%,respectively. Daily average intake of total energy, carbohydrates and protein declined in the past 20 years,but the proportion of fat intake among total energy was increasing. The increase of body mass index( BMI) was positively correlated with average intake of fat( r = 0. 11,P = 0. 002). The impact of energy,carbohydrates and fat average intake on low BMI levels( 5%) was statistically significant. Conclusions Energy and macronutrients excessive intake may be one of the important risk factors of overweight and obesity among female adults in China.


Phantoms are test bodies that mimic the physical properties of biological tissues. The advantage of using phantoms is to obtain a standardized model with well-defined properties for the study of complex biological structures as the human organs and tissues. The main objective of this work is to evaluate the influence of different graphite powder concentrations in thermo-acoustic properties (velocity of the longitudinal wave propagation, acoustic attenuation, specific heat and thermal conductivity) in an agar-based phantom. Phantoms with acoustic attenuation speed of sound and specific heat compatible with literature and human biological tissues were obtained. Variations in graphite powder concentrations affect the phantoms' acoustic attenuation and thermal properties. The study promotes advances in the production agar-based soft tissue phantoms with better understanding of its thermo- acoustic properties for different graphite powder concentration.


This paper presents the return of pure electric cars. Tesla Motors, the Tesla Roadster, is powered by 6831 mass-market lithium-ion batteries and costs about $100,00. The Tesla was engineered by England's Lotus, renowned for its small, light sport cars. As with any pure electric car, the key parameters are the batteries' recharge time, energy density and useful life. Unresolved at the moment is the issue of battery life. Laptop batteries usually don't last the 10 years required of major automotive components


Objectives To observe the clinical effect of conventional treatment combined with Mckenzie therapy on lumbar disc herniation and to discuss a better therapy for this disease. Methods one hundred and two patients with lumbar disc herniation were randomly divided into control and treatment groups. I the control group 53 patients were treated by conventional method,and in the treatment group 49 patients were treated by conventional metod and Mckenzie therapy. The lumbar functional assessment index berore and after the treatment and,the recurrence rate a year after treatment were observed in all the patients . Results Score and the improvement index of lumbar vartebra function were significantly higher in the treatment group than those in the control group( P 0. 05). therapeutic time was significantly shorter in the treatment group than that in the control group ( P 0. 05). The recurrence rate was significantly lower in the treatment than that in the control group 1 year after the treatment ( P 0. 01). Conclusion Mckenzie therapy play a significant role in improving the therapeutic effects in patients with lumber disc herniation.


A simple and convenient protocol is reported for the conversion of nitroarenes to aminoarenes by employing CeO2 nanoparticles (n-CeO2) as heterogeneous solid catalysts using hydrazine hydrate as reducing agent under mild reaction conditions. A quantitative conversion of nitrobenzene is achieved using n-CeO2 as solid catalyst with aniline selectivity to 93%. Further, this catalyst is also effectively used to transform wide range of nitroarenes to their respective aniline derivatives in higher conversions and selectivities. The reaction is found to be heterogeneous by leaching experiment and n-CeO2 can be used for three cycles with no drop in its activity. Furthermore, the analyses of the fresh and three times used n-CeO2 samples by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS), Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) indicate that the structural integrity, surface morphology and particle size remain unaltered during the course of the reaction. Furthermore, the valence state of Ce in n-CeO2 is identical in the fresh and three times used samples as evidenced by Fourier Transform Raman spectroscopy. Some of the salient features of this process are operational simplicity, high conversion/selectivity, functional group tolerance, absence of noble metals/additives and reusability of the catalyst.


Attempts to develope designation criteria for ecological protected areas were made for rational and scientific designation and management of 'ecosystem and landscape conservation areas', 'wetland protection areas', 'special islands protection areas', and 'wildlife protected areas' which have been designated and managed by the Ministry of Environment. Through analysis of the requisites and criteria of IUCN, UNESCO, Natura 2000, the Ramsar convention, the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, and Germany as well as various academic researches, evaluation items of the protected areas were classified into naturalness, biodiversity, ecosystem, and scientific values. These classification titles are reflection of Korean laws concerning the 4 protected areas described above. Of these items 'naturalness' is composed of 3 factors of wilderness, geomorphology and landscape, and vegetation. 'Biodiversity' is composed of the 5 factors of species diversity, endangered species, rare species, indigenous biological resources, and habitat of wetland wild animals. 'Ecosystem' is composed of 5 factors of typicalness, diversity, rarity, restoration ability, and degree of interference. All factors are scored using a 3 point scale of high, middle, or low and are then transformed into the numerical index for designating and zoning purposes. Conclusively, it is expected that the developed methodology will be highly applicable with field verifications.


51 Unaccustomed Alliances: Round Tables on the Trafficking of Women I am standing in front of a five-star hotel at the outskirts of Istanbul, only a few minutes from the airport, waiting for my lift. Once again I had endured a two-day political spectacle together with delegates from governments, secret service organizations, the European Union, international and supranational organizations such as Europol, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the International Organization for Migration together with national and local non-government organizations (NGOs). For the past six months I had been doing ethnographic fieldwork, applying a multi-sited approach, on policy development within the so-called Budapest Process – a series of ongoing conferences and workshops begun in 1991 on the implementation of EU migration and border policies in areas outside of EU jurisdiction – and held the role of "independent researcher", that peculiar person who somehow belonged at the far end of the table (see Hess 2009, 2010). The Budapest Process and the ICMPD, the International Centre for Migration Policy Development located in Vienna, which acted as Secretariat for the Process, had caught my attention many years earlier as a key political institution in the area of migration and border management. The ICMPD informs EU Member States, especially new Member States, about policies in these areas and also targeted adjacent countries through workshops and "capacity building programmes" (see Düvell 2002; Hess 2009; Georgi 2007; Geiger & Pécoud 2010). Based on a two-year ethnographic research project on the making of European migration policy, this article explores the ways in which gender is deeply inscribed in the articulations, practices, and rationalities of the new European migration regime. It focuses on the area of "anti-trafficking" policies at national and transnational levels, showing how and why an "anti-trafficking dispositif" has been created over the last twenty years. Anti-trafficking policy, which targets women in particular, has become one of the main pillars of a restrictive, Europeanized migration and border regime. The article offers theoretical and methodological approaches to this gendering of migration policy, and asks what such a co-optation of feminist discourses and practices means for reflexive feminist cultural theory, research, and practice.


some patients can therapy pregnancy a disease relapse. pregnancy an immune-tolerant state, the direct effect of pregnancy hormones on epithelial barrier cells unknown important role in the favorable disease course during pregnancy. We aimed study the direct effect of pregnancy hormones on barrier cells and their function. Methods: The effect of progesterone and estrogen on intestinal epithelial cell barrier functions was investigated using human colonic adenocarcinoma cell lines (CACO2 and HCT116) as model system. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress (earlier shown to induce epithelial cell death, barrier dysfunction and pro-inflammatory responses in IBD) was induced by treatment of cells with tunicamycin, followed by Western blot analysis of the ER stress marker GRP78. Epithelial barrier function was analyzed by transepithelial electrical resistance measurement (TEER), wound healing was determined by scratch assay, and cell viability was measured by MTT assays. IL-8 production by CACO2 cells was determined by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Progesterone and estrogen were able to reduce tunicamycin-induced ER stress in intestinal epithelial cells. This effect was dependent on the amount of ER stress induced and GRP78 reduction was most efficient in CACO2 cells (progesterone p=0.029, estrogen p=0.02). Scratch assays showed a faster wound closure in the presence of pregnancy hormones (estrogen and progesterone dou-ble treatment, p=0.034 for CACO2 cells and p=0.019 for HCT116 cells). This was not due to increased proliferation, as determined by MTT assay. Barrier function as determined by TEER measurement improved in the presence of estrogen and progesterone. IL-8 cytokine production by CACO2 cells increased in the presence of progesterone alone and in combination with estrogen. Conclusions: Our study shows that estrogen and progesterone allevi-ate ER stress, increase IL-8 production, stimulate wound healing and increase barrier function of epithelial cells, thereby suggesting that in toto these pregnancy hormones can have beneficial effects on disease activity by positive modulatory action on the intestinal epithelial lin-ing. Background: A family of pH-sensing G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), including ovarian cancer G-protein coupled receptor 1 (OGR1), T-cell death-associated gene 8 (TDAG8 or GPR65) and G-protein coupled receptor 4 (GPR4) play an important role in phys-iological pH homeostasis. Gut-wall inflammation in both forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is associated with extracellular tissue acidification. Recent studies reported a link between IBD and this family of pH-sensing receptors. TDAG8 has been identified as an IBD-risk gene. We previously reported that OGR1 is strongly regulated by TNF via a NF- κ B dependent pathway and is essential for intestinal inflammation and fibrosis. We showed that genetic ablation of OGR1 and GPR4 ameliorates colitis in different murine models. Further, we demonstrated that OGR1 regulates barrier function and epithelial restoration, and that OGR1 expression is enhanced by hypoxia. Methods: Expression of OGR1 in surgical specimens from non-IBD Background: Anti-TNF alpha represent the best therapeutic option to induce mucosal healing and clinical remission in patients with moderate-severe Ulcerative colitis. On the other side gut microbiota plays a crucial role in pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis but few infor-mation exists on how microbiota changes following anti-TNF-alpha therapy and this role in mucosal healing. Evaluate gut microbiota changes and adaptive immune system response to anti TNF-alpha therapy in murine DSS colitis. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were fed for 5 days with 3% Dextran-sodium sulphate (DSS) in drinking water. At day 3 of DSS treatment, a group of mice received intravenous administration of infliximab (IFX) (5 mg/Kg) or placebo. Further 2 groups of mice received IFX or placebo without DSS. Disease severity was scored daily using the four points Disease Activity Index (DAI). At the moment of sacri-fice, serum, colon, feces and mesenteric lymph node (MLN) were collected from each animal. Bacillus fragilis , Clostridium scindens , Fecalibacterium prausnitzii and Escherichia coli were assessed by qPCR, following bacterial DNA extraction from feces. Results: Anti- inflammatory species increased in fecal samples of colitis mice trated by IFX, compared to control mice, and in particular B. fragilis , F. prausnitzii and C. scindens . Furthermore, in


This article presents the methodology and results of a pilot study concerning the impact of three popular and widely accessible machine translation engines (developed by Google, Microsoft and DeepL companies) on the pace of post-editing work and on the general effort related to post-editing of raw MT outputs. Fourteen volunteers were asked to translate and post-edit two source texts of similar characters and levels of complexity. The results of their work were collected and compared to develop a set of quantitative and qualitative data, which was later used to make assumptions related to the general rate of postediting work and the quality of the post-edited sentences produced by the subjects. The aim of the pilot study described below was to determine whether the applied method can be successfully used in more profound studies on the quality and impact of machine translation in the English->Polish language pair and on the potential of MT solutions on the Polish translation market. 70 Beyond Philology 16/4


LeFevre-Levy et al. (2023) identify " environmental niches, " or occupation types best suited for autistic individuals and those with ADHD and dyslexia. Drawing on the existing research and popular media, LeFevre-Levy et al. suggest that autistic individuals are most likely to thrive in technical fields, individuals with ADHD are well suited for entrepreneurship