Dickens is well known for supporting the Victorian norm of femininity and modern readers tend to criticise his stereotyped characterisation of women in his works. Female characters of his earlier works are often dismissed as either "angels" or "monsters". However, there are significant changes in his treatment of female characters from around1850 onwards. In David Copperfield , the typical "angelic heroine", Agnes, is overshadowed by some lively, attractive characters including Betsey Trotwood. Moreover, in Great Expectations , Dickens vividly describes the sufferings and conflicts of three "deviant" women who fail to conform to the ideal of femininity. In particular, one may perceive an advance in Dickens' view of women through the character of Estella. Though Dickens "punishes" her for transgressing against the Victorian gender ideology as he does in the cases of Mrs. Joe and Miss Havisham, it is important to note that he suggests the potentiality of growth and future prospects for the heartless femme fatale, which is further to be developed in the heroine of the next novel, Our Mutual Friend . Few people would disagree that one of the great attractions in Charles Dickens lies in his characters with powerful personalities. There are many unforgettable characters in Dickens' works : Mr. Bumble, the brutal beadle of the parish workhouse in Oliver Twist (1838); Ebenezer Scrooge, the avaricious old miser in A Christmas Carol (1842); Sarah Gamp, the tipsy old midwife in Martin Chuzzlewit (1844); and Uriah Heep, the hypocritical clerk who cunningly defrauds his employer in David Copperfield(1850). Needless to say, these are only parts of a long list of his memorable, living characters. On the other hand, however, it is also true that Dickens' characters are often criticised as one―dimensional or "flat" as E. M. Forster designates it(73). In particular, this seems worthy of note regarding women who appear in his works. Indeed, Dickens' female characters are generally classified into two basic types ; "angels" or "monsters". For instance, one may think of the character of Mrs. Chirrup, who is "a condensation of all the domestic virtues, ― a pocket edition of the young man's best companion"(584)in "Sketches of Young Couples" and the characters of Mrs. Bumble and Mrs. Mann, the fearsome viragoes in Oliver Twist . Miriam Margolyes, an award―winning British actress and well―known Dickens enthusiast, says that Dickens is incapable of drawing "a complete, believable, fully realised female"(16). However, it is important to note that all of the abovementioned characters are creations in Dickens' earlier years. As Michael Slater writes, Dickens' treatment of women underwent some changes through his career as a novelist(243―97). In this paper, I will mainly discuss female characters in Dickens' works after David Copperfield(1850), for, I believe, this novel indi-


First of all, I want to thank the Israel Council on Foreign Relations for this opportunity to explain to you the trip that we have taken, the reasons for it and some of the potential results. During the past eight days, as some of you may know, we visited Israel and a wide range of leaders in this country. We visited the West Bank, and a wide range of Palestinians there, both representing Fatah and Hamas, and those who are not aligned with either party. We had a chance to go to Egypt. We have been to Syria, to Saudi Arabia and to Jordan. We have met with two groups of Hamas leaders—those who came to Cairo to meet with us from Gaza, and then we met with a group who were the leaders of the politbureau in Syria, headed by Mr. Mashaal. After we made our presentations to them, the group from Gaza left to Damascus.


-A U-turning vehicle, during merging at an uncontrolled median opening creates the possibility of conflict with approaching through traffic movement and causes traffic congestion which reduces the roadway capacity. The effect of conflicting traffic volume on the Uturning maneuver was also investigated by collecting placement data extremely congested traffic conditions. Compared with turning movements at intersections, U-turn movement at median openings is highly complex and risky. Normally, the speed of conflicting traffic stream is relatively high and the turning vehicle must wait for accepted gap and then turn under low speed level. Therefore, the turning vehicle needs large gap in the conflicting stream before performing the U-turn. In fact, the little studies which contain procedures and models for estimating capacity and delay for different movements at unsignalized intersections do not provide specific guidelines for estimating capacity and delay of U-turn movement at median openings. For this reason, an effort was made to estimate capacity and delay at U-turn median openings. In this study, empirical approach is used to estimate capacity of U-turn movement at median openings of divided arterials. The empirical approach using regression analysis was adopted to estimate the best form of the predictive equation for the U-turn capacity and investigate the effect of different relevant factors that might affect the estimated capacity. The results of the approach are presented in this study. A linear model was also recommended as a relationship between the average total delay of the Uturning vehicles and the conflicting traffic flow.


T . nHE SandaihihJ-shl and the time when this doctrine must be preached: the Age of the Latter Law. The doctrinal exposition concerns the Three Great Mysteries. The conclusion affirms the importance of this doctrine and its unique role in the saving of men; it must be preached, but with prudence and discrimination. The Three Great Mysteries which are the subjects ofthis work are the so-called 'honzon', 'daimoku', and 'kaidan'. The honzon is the Original (True) Object of Worship, i.e. the object of religious faith and veneration. Nichiren discovers it in the Buddha of the Lotus Sutra; it is the Eternal Buddha manifested historically in Sakyamuni, and in whom the eternal and historical aspects of reality are united. This union of time and eternity can be termed the central point in Nichiren's doctrine, the point which provides the key to explaining his religious system.


To investigate the heat pump performances at the condition of four-way reversing valve leakage,a test-rig was built by which tests were conducted,and experimental data such as pressure and temperature of compressor suction and discharge,air temperature difference through the indoor coil,and compressor power consumed were measured.The experimental results show that the leakage makes the pressures of compressor suction and discharge declined,the temperatures of compressor suction and discharged increased,the air temperature difference of indoor coil lowered to 0.9 ℃,and the compressor input power to be only 58.6% of that without leakage,which means the performance of heat pump has been seriously affected by the leakage of four-way reversing valve.The results are helpful to the fault detection of four-way reversing valve and the performance diagnosis of heat pumps.


Abstract Vibrio vulnificus is an important human pathogen, which occurs naturally in estuarine waters and in large numbers in oysters. The levels of V. vulnificus in shellfish vary greatly, and the causes of this variation are not well understood. A protozoan parasite, Perkinsus marinus, is a pathogen of oysters, which was earlier suggested to increase susceptibility of oysters to bacterial infections. A goal of our study is to determine whether the presence of P. marinus plays a role in determining the incidence or magnitude of V. vulnificus infection in oysters. We also used fluctuating asymmetry (FA) of shell weight as an indicator of developmental instability and thus of microbially-induced physiological stress in oysters. We harvested 155 adult oysters (Crassostrea virginica) from a small environmentally homogeneous site in North Carolina, and examined them for V. vulnificus and P. marinus infections. V. vulnificus and P. marinus were detected in 88% and 73% of the oysters, respectively. The incidence of the two pathogens in these oysters was independent, with no greater tendency to infection by V. vulnificus in oysters infected by P. marinus and vice versa. V. vulnificus loads per g tissue weight varied by over four orders of magnitude in oysters of the same size, weight and age, which were harvested from this single habitat. V. vulnificus loads were found to be unaffected by age of oysters (and thus by the length of exposure to this pathogen). On the contrary, there was a significant decrease in both incidence of V. vulnificus infection and tissue loads of this bacterium with the host weight, possibly indicating growth dilution. Infection with V. vulnificus or P. marinus did not affect FA of shell weight in oysters. Overall, our findings suggest that infection by P. marinus does not predict V. vulnificus loads in C. virginica, nor did oysters infected with either of these pathogens exhibit physiological stress that results in developmental instability.


This paper describes the perceptions of people involved in the processes related to the international cooperation for development in the Department of Valle del Cauca. Following the analysis of interviews with various key players and of documents relevant to international cooperation in the region, the authors argue that perceptions of individual actors have a strong impact on the processes related to international cooperation, and emphasize a wide diversity of perceptions demonstrated by those players as regards the aspects of the actual processes themselves. This diversity may impede a better coordination of the flow of international cooperation in the region.


Empowerment implies equal conditions to girls. It supplies more significant access to know-how as well as sources, greater liberty in decision making, higher potential to consider their lifestyles and flexibility from the irons troubled all of them through personalized, view and also technique becoming conscious of their own condition and setting, setting their personal schedules, developing area on their own, obtaining skill-sets, developing positive self-image, addressing problems, and developing self-reliance. It is actually certainly not merely a social as well as a political method, yet a personal one too - as well as it is not simply a procedure however a result too. Empowerment of girls creates them much more powerful to encounter the challenges of lifestyle, to beat the disabilities, handicaps, and inequalities. It makes it possible for ladies to discover their total identification and powers in all realms of life. The study is actually generally concentrated on the efficiency of SWOT aspects on the total assessment of Women Self Help Groups product in Chennai Metropolitan area


This paper discusses the requirements for the effective presentation of testimony on engineering subjects. The most important qualifications of a witness on technical matters are: (1) The ability to present technical facts in lay language such that persons without technical training and unfamiliar with the technical terms of the profession are able to grasp the significance of his evidence. (2) The ability to support every important statement of opinion by an appropriate analogy or citation of recognized authority. (3) The ability to qualify himself as an expert by a statement of experience bearing directly on the points to which he testifies. (4) The ability to present his evidence without too much reliance on counsel for guidance. (5) The ability to testify fearlessly to the truth regardless of how it may affect the outcome of the case or the interests of those who employ him.


FIST (Fast Interconnect Simulation Techniques) is a fast and simple packet latency estimator to replace time-consuming detailed Network-on-Chip (NoC) models in full-system performance simulators. FIST combines ideas from analytical network modeling and execution-driven simulation models. The main idea is to abstractly model each router as a load-delay curve and sum load-dependent delay at each visited router to obtain a packet's latency by tracking each router's load at runtime. The resulting latency estimator can accurately capture subtle load-dependent behaviors of a NoC but is much simpler than a full-blown execution-driven model. We study two variations of FIST in the context of a software-based, cycle-level simulation of a tiled chip-multiprocessor (CMP). We evaluate FIST's accuracy and performance relative to the CMP simulator's original execution-driven 2D-mesh NoC model. A static FIST approach (trained offine using uniform random synthetic traffic) achieves less than 6% average error in packet latency and up to 43× average speedup for a 16×16 mesh. A dynamic FIST approach that adds periodic online training reduces the average packet latency error to less than 2% and still maintains an average speedup of up to 18× for a 16×16 mesh. Moreover, an FPGA-based realization of FIST can simulate 2D-mesh networks up to 24×24 nodes, at 3 to 4 orders of magnitude speedup over software-based simulators.


The nonresonant multiphoton ionization of high-ionization-potential atoms, He and Ne, was successfully observed using a commercial high-power ArF excimer laser. The experimental results are presented.


The Biological Sciences Degree Course should enable undergraduates to understand how life has been organized over time, implying an understanding of evolutionary mechanisms as an integrating axis of initial teacher training. Therefore, history has shown that since man began to ask himself about the origin of the first living beings, ideas of a mythological, philosophical, religious, and scientific nature were outlined and gained enormous space in discussions about the History of Life (HL). These discussions are present in high school biology classes, often reverberating in mixed explanations that hinder the appropriation of biological knowledge. In our investigation, we considered the HL as a topic of Biological Evolution teaching since it concerns the macroevolutionary processes responsible for the emergence of large groups of living beings. As already mentioned, the objective of this research is to verify the didactic role of the images related to HV which are present in the High School Biology Textbooks approved in the 2018 edition of the National Textbook Program (PNLD-2018). From this perspective, we opted for the use of an analytical instrument, built from semiotic analysis references, to understand the illustrated aspects of the subject HV in the investigated material. Thus, we found that the majority of analyzed images can be classified as inoperative, which means that there is no functionality beyond illustration. From this result, the fact is that images have been increasingly used in textbooks in order to improve the understanding of the conceptual contents of Biology. Hence, in order for the imagery contents to be able to the expected demands by them in the teaching-learning process, further investigations in this area need to be carried out.


In equal employment cases it is important to compare the salary, hiring or promotion status of minority employees or applicants to that of similarly qualified majority members. Standard regression methods include a binary variable indicating minority status along with major job-related variables to assess whether belonging to a minority has a negative effect.Implicitly, this method assumes that any discriminatory policy has the same effect on every minority applicant or employee. Peters-Belson regression is a form of statistical matching akin in spirit to Bhattacharya's band-width matching. In the context of studying possible sex discrimination in pay, one fits a regression to the salaries of employees of the males and then predicts the salary of females from the male equation. This prediction estimates the salary a female employee would receive assuming her job-related characteristics were rewarded in a similar way as males, i.e. it provides a "statistical match" for the actual salary of each female. The difference, if any, between the actual and predicted salary of each female employee estimates her under-compensation. Both parametric and non-parametric approaches to Peters-Belson regression are described and their use illustrated on salary data based on the EEOC v. Shelby County equal pay case. Implications for the analysis of the data considered by courts to decide whether a class action is appropriate, as in Dukes v. Wal-Mart, are discussed.


Previously described experiments [Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. 162, 20 (1966)] have shown that acetylcholine bromide (20 μg/dose) injected into the arterial supply (i.a.) of the cochlea will produce suppression of the N1 recorded from the round window of the cat. This depression is similar to that produced by stimulation of the olivocochlear bundle (Nature 192, 1263 (1961)]. With such evidence and other indications from the literature, it is possible to consider that some role may be played by acetylcholine in the cochlea. In an acutely sectioned cat in i. a., injection of acetylcholine is as effective as before the section (25% N1 depression, 17 observations). We concluded that the system responsive to acetylcholine is in the cochlea proper. Subsequently, cats that had previously had their left eighth cranial nerves sectioned from two to five days were tested as to their responsiveness to i.a. acetylcholine. In six animals, four or five days after section, 2 μg of acetylcholine produced a 22% depression of N1...


INTRODUCTION Objectives LITERATURE REVIEW MATERIALS AND METHODS Experimental conditions Plant analysis Soil analysis RESULTS AND DISCUSSION I. Soil Analysis--Bicarbonate Extraction of P A. Control soils B. Experimental soils II. Plant Analysis A. Plant responses related to total NaHC03-P per pot B. Plant responses to soil P and temperature treatments III. Changes in soil P associated with withdrawal of P by crop A. Changes in soil P B. Relative contribution of subsoils to plant P uptake with uniform soil temperatures IV. Effect of temperature • A. Effect of test temperature on extraction of P . B. Effects of temperature on plant P harvested C. Proportion of plant P supplied by cool subsoil with warm topsoil ii


This thesis focuses on the tip-over stability study for a personal mobility robot with a holonomic and omnidirectional capability. The design of this personal mobility robot is based on the principle of omnidirectional mobile robots with active dual-wheel caster assemblies. A unit consisting of one active dual-wheel caster (ADWC) enables two degrees of freedom motion at the steering axle for forward and lateral direction. By attaching two units of ADWC to a mobile body, it enables three degrees of freedom motion at the center of the line connected between both steering axles. The ADWC mechanism is chosen instead of the conventional specialized wheel due to the implementation of standard wheel with rubber tire. It offers a better traction power without any disturbing vibration as produced by most specialized wheels. The design of the wheel also does not require any specific expertise. However, the personal mobility robot with ADWCs possesses dynamic footprints in return for the rapid changes of the ADWCs in order to produce the holonomic and omnidirectional motion. In contrary to the existing on-road vehicles and the omnidirectional mobile robots with specialized wheels, the prediction of the tip-over occurrence in this personal mobility robot is difficult due to the rapid changes in the footprint. Therefore, this thesis is presented to solve this problem by introducing a tip-over prediction method and a tip-over stability enhancement method for this type of personal mobility robot. The robot's footprint is estimated by finding the solution of the convex polygon of nground contact points. Here, the value of n depends on the number of wheels used. At any position, the convex polygon for a six-wheeled robot can be evaluated either as tetragon, pentagon or hexagon. The possibility of tip-over occurrence for any instant is measured by using the tip-over stability metrics. Two types of tip-over stability metrics have been examined: i.e., moment stability measure and force-angle stability measure. The forceangle stability measure is superior in the sense of correctness to the moment stability measure since it is also sensitive to the changes of height of the center of gravity (CoG). The candidate of the tip-over axis is evaluated using these stability metrics incorporated with the dynamical model. This dynamical model is derived based on the solution of the Newtonian equilibrium to estimate the reaction ground forces of the wheels. The summation of the reaction ground forces in the z-axis direction is later used to estimate the acting net-force at the CoG, which works in the perpendicular direction of the candidate tip-over axes. It is evaluated with the force-angle stability measure to find the most potential tip-over axis. The potential tip-over direction is described by a line i


Declining marriage rates and increasing cohabitation rates in modern Russia have become a trend that many scholars have observed and tried to explain through the perspective of the Second Demographic Transition. Our research is another attempt to understand these changes and to answer the question on the nature of cohabitation in Russia. We aimed to find the difference between some patterns of matrimonial events and to define the nature of cohabitations in Russia. For these purposes, we applied descriptive statistics and Event History Analysis. We also suggested a logical scheme of the ways of development of the first cohabitations. We observed the opposite trends of matrimonial behavior: the younger Russian people are, the higher their probability of starting of the first cohabitation and the lower their risk to have the first marriage. Our analysis showed that a cohabitation is not yet a complete alternative to marriage, but it has a possibility of becoming it for younger generations.


This paper aims to identify the changes in the structure of surviving lower order centers in rural-mountain regions where the population continues to decrease as a process of increasing control by cities over lower order centers; and to clarify the mechanisms of the control. A case study was made of site development of retail businesses, manufacturing industries, and branch establishments of the service industry in Maniwa district of Okayama Prefecture. What follows is a brief overview of this paper and its conclusions.Local shopping areas, composed of independent retail stores whose operations depended on local demand, have lost their economic role to large-scale retail stores with local capital. In addition, large-scale retail stores with outside capital, whose head offices are located in Okayama or cities in other prefectures, have recently entered Maniwa district. The development pattern of these stores is in accord with the level of the centers. It can, therefore, be assumed that, in the same way as chain stores have spread, capital from higher-ranked cities has been gradually spreading to lower-ranked centers; and, this phenomenon started affecting lower order centers in the 1990s.With manufacturing industries, the establishment of factories by major firms or their subcontractors has significant meaning for lower order centers in that it produces great employment opportunities. These factories, however, are controlled and managed by outside regions.This pattern can also be seen in the site development of branch establishments which have the function of office work for the service industry. That is, there is a hierarchical control structure in which business establishments in nearby cities or prefectural capital areas locate branch offices in lower-ranked centers. At the same time, a pattern in which business establishments that have their main offices in a metropolitan region locate branch offices directly in lower order centers in depopulated rural-mountain regions was also observed.Thus, it can be concluded that lower order centers function not just as relatively decentralized lower-ranked centers. Rather, they also function as a medium of direct control over rural-mountain regions by metropolitan regions, through the connections between main offices located in national centers and the branch offices.In conclusion, the power of higher-ranked cities to control lower order centers through various channels is growing. These channels include large-scale retail stores and chain stores, the factories of manufacturing industries and subcontractors, and branch establishments which have the function of office work. Consequently, the autonomous nature of these centers, which is based on serving local needs, is being lost; and in its stead, a heteronomous control by higher-ranked cities can increasingly be observed.


To construct the recombinant plasmid of the extracellular domain gC gene of PRV,prokaryotic expression of the gene and purification of the fusion protein were conducted.A pair of primers were designed based on the gC gene sequence of Pseudorabies virus Bartha strain(PRV Ba) published in GenBank(NC EU719641).The partial extracellular domain gC gene of PRV Ba was amplified by PCR,and cloned into pET-28a to construct the recombinant expression plasmid.Then it was transformed into E.coli BL21(DE3).A 35 ku fusion protein,named pET-gCN813,was expressed in high yeild after IPTG induction.Whereafter,the fusion protein was successfully purified by His Bind Kit.


This article has been selected for a special issue of the online journal Artifact.

Two propositions underpin the paper. The first is that studio-based research contributes to architectural knowledge in a manner no less vital or effective then more traditional research methods. The second proposition is that experimentation undertaken in the design studio at its most effective blurs distinctions between the activities of the practicing architect, academic theoretician, and the historian. An analysis of two approaches to the architecture design studio in the university setting will lead to a preliminary response to these propositions. The introduction provides an overview of the guiding questions, approach, and data sources. In the second part I analyse two exemplary design studios, those undertaken under John Hejduk at Cooper Union, and Colin Rowe's urban design studio at Cornell University. In the third part I return to the opening propositions and suggest some generalizable findings.
The paper aligns with the Conference themes of "Experiments in design education", and "Methods of experiments in design research".


A measurement of the ratio of the CP-nonconservation parameters, e'/e, in the KoE system was performed through a study of two-pion decays with and without a regenerator. To reduce systematic effects, KL and Ks decays were recorded simultaneously with a double beam. Over 3100 Eq 2n o events were reconstructed leading to the result e /e'= —0.0046 +0.0053 +0.0024 (the first error is statistical, the second systematic). The measurement agrees with previous less precise determinations but, because of theoretical uncertainties, is not able to test decisively the Kobayashi-Maskawa mechanism.


To the Editor:

I read with interest the case of Jaffe et al on the management of the patient with ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction and cardiac arrest due to a critical lesion in an anomalous left main coronary artery originating from the right sinus of Valsalva. The requisite stenting of the critical lesion in the mid portion and the patient's subsequent recovery was followed …


A 50-year-old woman received low dose lenalidomide for palliative treatment of advanced IgG myeloma. Despite a long and convoluted treatment history including second courses of autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, bortezomib and thalidomide, the patient responded well to 2 courses of lenalidomide therapy, but developed severe thrombocytopenia. Therefore, lenalidomide treatment was temporally discontinued and the patient was given a platelet transfusion to maintain more than 20,000/μL. However, the patient suddenly developed severe left lower quadrant abdominal pain; physical findings and abdominal X-ray (Picture 1A) initially suggested strangulating intestinal obstruction, but subsequently abdominal CT disclosed a huge hematoma in the abdominal wall (Picture 1B, arrow), which permitted us to perform conservative management without surgical intervention. Spontaneous hematoma must be suspected in patients with advanced myeloma who are using lenalidomide and may present with acute abdominal pain.


An on-line modified least-squares identification algorithm is proposed for linear time-varying systems with bounded disturbances under relaxed excitation conditions. An extra term which enhances the tracking ability for time-varying parameters is added to the covariance's update law. An indicator of the regressor's excitation level based on the maximum eigenvalue of the covariance matrix is developed. By combining the maximum eigenvalue with its variation trend shown by the sensitivity of the maximum eigenvalue to change in the covariance matrix, a novel identification law, which is switched between a modified least-squares algorithm and a gradient algorithm based on fixed $\sigma $ -modification, is proposed. The boundedness of the estimation error and the covariance matrix are guaranteed via Lyapunov stability theory. The superiority of the proposed method is verified by simulations.


Gravity forward is an important and time consuming part in 3D physical property inversion. This paper proposes a simple and fast approach to compute the gravity anomalies at arbitrary points outside a 3D density model. In this method, the subsurface is divided into a 3D array of rectangular prismatic blocks with constant density. Then, the block density model is transformed into the node residual density model. Finally, gravity anomalies at survey points outside the density model are calculated by the new node residual density based forward formula. This approach is implemented in CUDA FORTRAN language on a NVIDIA GTX760 GPU, the efficiency of this new method is compared with the classical method by a synthetic model on both CPU and GPU, which shows the proposed method achieve more than 6 times acceleration to the classical method on GPU and two orders of magnitude times acceleration to the classical method on CPU.


The circumferential cracks occurred on platen superheater tubes are comparatively uncommon. Through comprehensive test and analysis, it is considered that the horizontal cracks occurred on platen superheater tubes were due to corrosion heat fatigue, and resulted in leakage of tubes.


Last month, a 3-year-old girl presented to our clinic with refractory eczema despite treatment with what should have been a highly effective regimen of topical triamcinolone to the body, desonide and tacrolimus for the face, and fluocinonide to the worst areas. This failure was due not to T-cells resistant to all these medications but surely to poor adherence.Adherence is a complicated problem that incorporates a multitude of intertwined variables, and we do not fully understand why patients do not use their medications as recommended. The survey of self-reported reasons for poor adherence by Ellis et al and a previous study by Brown et al provide some of the reasons (1), but certain limitations of survey methodologies should be considered. Ellis et al's survey asked subjects a breadth of questions but, by nature of study design, asked only questions that the investigators perceived to be important. This methodology does not explore unknown factors, and perhaps first conducting an open-ended qualitative study would have identified concepts not obvious to the investigators.We should not assume that, from the physicians' compartment, we have complete insight into what patients do or think in theirs. Ellis et al found that 22% of study parents reported steroid safety as a limiting concern, but it is likely that 100% of parents are concerned about medications, particularly steroids, put on their children. Ellis et al did not find treatment complexity, time requirements, or cosmetics of vehicles to be perceived as limiting factors at the time of the visit. This seems dubious and counterintuitive. Patients' behaviors can be counterintuitive at times, but another likely possibility is that the findings reflect patients' inability to judge and accurately report the factors affecting their use of treatment.Nonetheless, Ellis et al's recommendations for simplification of treatment regimens and patient education seem judicious. Ellis et al state that patients with atopic dermatitis, acne, and psoriasis require multiple medications. The apparent need for multiple medications—particularly during flares—may simply reflect that patients have been poorly adherent to initial monotherapy. I instructed the mother of the child with refractory dermatitis who had been prescribed triamcinolone, desonide, tacrolimus, and fluocinonide to use triamcinolone for only 3 days and to call me and report the progress. She reported that the rash had rapidly cleared with the triamcinolone alone.Wemust question the assumptions that lead us to believe patients ''need'' multiple treatments and start thinking that perhaps patients have not been fully adherent to our recommendations.


Lithium zirconate (Li2ZrO3) materials were synthesized from two different structured zirconium oxide (ZrO2), monoclinic ZrO2 (ZrO2(m)) and tetragonal ZrO2 (ZrO2(t)), and their absorption rate of CO2 were compared. The results showed, in 20% CO2 (80% Air) atmosphere, their absorption abilities were significantly different where the ZrO2(t)-synthesized material evidently absorbed at a faster rate than the ZrO2(m)-synthesized one. The ZrO2(t)-synthesized Li2ZrO3 reached absorption equilibrium after being kept for 3 h at 500 ℃ in 20% CO2 (80% Air) atmosphere, and attain to absorption capacity of 25(±0.6)%(wt). While at the same conditions, the absorption capacity for ZrO2(m)-synthesized Li2ZrO3 is only 9(±0.6)%(wt). In addition, the effects on the structure of Li2ZrO3 and the absorption capability of CO2 from the amount of Li2CO3 in the reactants were investigated. Doping potassium(K) impacted the CO2 absorption rate of the Li2ZrO3 synthesized from ZrO2(t) slightly, but obviously on the Li2ZrO3 synthesized from ZrO2 (m),and the absorption rate reached peak value at Li2CO3∶ZrO2∶K2CO3=1∶1∶0.03.


We reviewed 113 patients who had undergone reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament [acl] between 2009 T0 2012. The incidence of isolated acl tears and acl tears associated with injuries like meniscal tears, other ligamentous injuries and degenerative changes were assessed. Aim: The main aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the length of time gap between initial ACL injury and ACL reconstruction surgery, and the prevalence of associated injuries such as meniscal tears and osteochondral defects in the knee. Materials and Methods : All patients who underwent ACL reconstruction surgeries at the S S Institute of Medical Sciences & R C Davangere from 2009 to 2012 were evaluated. The time period between initial ACL injury and ACL reconstruction was noted and patients were divided into 2 groups early (less than 3 months) & late (above 3months). Incidence of isolated tears and associated injuries with ACL tears was studied in both groups and statically analyzed. Results: A total of 113 patients with ACL deficiency were reconstructed during the time period, 65 patients were in the early group and 48 patients in the late group. Only 55% of the patients in the early had associated injuries in the early group and 75% of patients had associated injuries in the late group. This was significant statically (p value0.032). Early group had more no of meniscal tears and late group had more no osteochondral defects and other ligamentous injuries. Conclusions: Associated injuries to ACL deficiency are common, meniscal tears might be the result of initial trauma or repeated instability but ostoechondral defects were associated with repeated trauma due to instability. A relationship does exist between the length of time from injury to ACL reconstruction, and higher incidence of associated injuries. Early reconstruction is therefore recommended to prevent osteochondral injuries and early degeneration of the joint.


This paper will discuss how dredging work leads to changes to the environment. The paper shows how environmental impact assessments (EIA) have been employed to address these changes. Risk assessment that rarely covers a large part of uncertainty is associated with dredging work and is captured in the EIA. The EIA focuses on fixed and inflexible standards that have led to post dredging failures and this makes it necessary to do critical and dependability scientific risk analysis that quantitatively determines whether the changes are serious or irreversible. This paper also discusses the new internationally recognized philosophy of risk analysis or formal and system risk based design that provides opportunity to focus on real concerns of the dredging project. The paper will also discuss a case study of a failed project based on conventional EIA and best practice performance of systemic risk base design approach.


ABSTRACT The lives of the commanders and officers associated with the British naval searches for the lost John Franklin northwest passage expedition in the 1850s are well-known through their own writings or those of later biographers. The post-Arctic careers of ordinary crew members, on the other hand, are barely known at all. Following digital searches of nineteenth and early-twentieth century British newspapers, we have compiled a list of some notices, obituaries, and reminiscences that shed light on the later years of the 'Old Arctics'.


This paper shows how the use of intelligent control can significantly help to increase the sturdiness and efficiency of temperature system control to the controlled environment chamber allowing to change its internal climatic conditions through variables such as relative humidity and temperature. In this case, design and implementation of temperature control by fuzzy logic on controlled environment chamber are addressed. The results are compared descriptively and through calculation of some performance measures, with those obtained from a classic PID control applied in a previous work.


The objective of the classical minimum cost flow problem is to send units of a good that reside at one or more points in a network (sources or supply nodes) with arc capacities to one or more other points in the network (sinks or demand nodes), incurring minimum cost. We develop fast algorithms for previously unstudied specially structured minimum cost flow problems that have applications in many areas, such as locomotive and airline scheduling, repositioning of empty rail freight cars, highway and river transportation, congestion pricing, shop loading, and production planning. First, we consider the case where the n1 supply and n2 demand nodes lie on a circle (or line) (n = n1 + n2) and flow is allowed only in one direction; our algorithm solves this problem in O(n) time. Next, we consider a constrained version of this problem and show that it can be solved in O(n log n2) time. Finally, we consider the version where the nodes lie on a circle (or line), flow is allowed in both directions, and the costs of flow between two nodes in the clockwise and the counterclockwise direction are different; our algorithm solves this problem in O(n log n) time. Our algorithms are based on the successive shortest-path algorithm for the minimum cost flow problem. We exploit the special structure of the problem and use advanced data structures, when required, to achieve short run times.


The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of business risks on ROA
National Private Banks Go Public using independent variable liquidity risk, credit
risk, market risk and operational risk also analyze the effect of the significance
and the partial on simultaneously on ROA. The population used in this research in
the National Private Banks Go Public. The sample used in this research is a PT.
Bank Danamon Indonesia, Tbk PT. Bank PAN Indonesia, Tbk and PT. Bank
CIMB Niaga, Tbk. The data used is secondary data and sample collection
techniques purposive sampling and multiple linear regression analysis technique
using F test and t test. Using the study periode from the first quarter of 2013 until
the fourth quarter of 2017. Results of this research is that the liquidity risk, credit
risk, market risk and operational risk simultaneously have a significant influence
on ROA in the National Private Banks Go Public. Liquidity risk measured using
LDR, credir risk measured using APB and market risk measured using IRR
partial has a positive influence not significant on ROA. Operational risk
measured using FBIR partial has a positive influence significant on ROA.
Liquidity risk measured using IPR, credit risk NPL and market risk measured
using PDN partial has a negative influence not significant on ROA. Operational
risk measured using BOPO has a negative influence significant on ROA. Variable
BOPO wich has the most dominant influence on ROA.
Keyword : Liquidity Risk, Credit Risk, Market Risk, Operational Risk and
ROA.


The paper discusses the properties of the partial fractional integrals, the partial fractional derivatives, and the composite fractional integrals and derivatives. Some basic formulas are derived; and the relations between the Riemann-Liouville and Caputo ones are also presented. Finally, as the specific application, a two dimensional Abel integral equation is solved.


One common task when controlling smart displays is the manipulation of menu items. Given current examples of smart displays that support distant bare hand control, in this paper we explore menu item selection tasks with three different mappings of barehand movement to target selection. Through a series of experiments, we demonstrate that Positional mapping is faster than other mappings when the target is visible but requires many clutches in large targeting spaces. Rate-based mapping is, in contrast, preferred by participants due to its perceived lower effort, despite being slightly harder to learn initially. Tradeoffs in the design of target selection in smart tv displays are discussed.


A balanced transconductor architecture with a high input common-mode (CM) rejection and capable of operating with low supply voltage is proposed. The novel structure is based on a feedforward cancellation of the input CM signal, implemented with an additional transconductor sensitive only to CM signals. A BiCMOS circuit implementation of the structure is presented. Comparative simulations show that the proposed technique is competitive with the classical fully-differential architecture particularly at high frequency when the CMRR degrades.


To study the structural and electrical properties of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) thin films, a set of ITO samples with different thicknesses were deposited by Radio Frequency (RF) sputtering technique. X-ray diffraction measurement shows that the crystal quality of ITO films was improved with the increase of film thickness and the annealing temperature. The resistivity decrease of ITO films with increase of film thickness owes to the change of carrier concentration for annealed thin films, and attributes to the improvement of the crystallinity.


Current researches of hazard perception based on the conventional self-report, video scene, driving simulator experiments, and road studies all have their shortcomings. Accident interrogation record data not only have the benefits of the conventional self-report method (inexpensive and detailed), but also overcome the deficiencies of the self-report (impact of social desirability) to a great degree. In this article, the collision data, especially the accident interrogation record data on freeways in the City of Chongqing, China, are used to analyze the contributing factors to hazard perception, based on logistic regression and Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel test. The logistic method is used to study the correlation among these factors on hazard perception. In addition, the Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel test method is applied to factors that are not statistically significantly identified in logistic regression analysis. The results show that factors such as age, years of driving experience, gender, month, vehicle type, road alignment, and road surface have effects on hazard perception. The study results can be used to improve the drivers' hazard perception abilities on freeways and can also help the highway administrators to formulate the related policies and regulations.


As we extend the reach of the Internet through sensing and automation, networked interactions become more critical and safety and security require improved means for designing and testing system components, platforms and services. A tremendous amount of messy, heterogeneous data passes through such networks; integrating and applying that data so that it can be used for seamless interoperability and higher level reasoning requires conversion into some higher abstraction. This necessitates a new foundation for information modeling and model management, broadly construed. Such a foundation must support model construction in a wide range of formalism as well as capabilities for integrating models across different formalisms. We must also allow for easy model evolution, simplifying both iterative design and long-term maintenance. In this paper, we argue that category theory, a branch of abstract mathematics, provides a firm conceptual foundation for information modeling which already meets most of these criteria. We close with a discussion of some challenges for exploiting category theory in applied contexts.


The aim of this article is to analyse the work of the English poet Christina Rossetti from the perspective of Victorian gender norms directed at girls. In her poem "Goblin Market" Rossetti describes sisters Laura and Lizzie, whose idyllic existence is disturbed by the arrival of sinister goblin fruit sellers. While Lizzie maintains proper restraint, Laura greedily devours the juicy fruits, for which she is punished – she loses strength and sinks into apathy. She is saved only by the sacrifice of her sister, who risks her life to purchase more delicacies and feed them to the weakened Laura. The sisters' fantastic adventures have been interpreted in various ways, from a story of sin and salvation, to one of food poisoning to an allegory of thecreative process. All these approaches, however, see the eating of sweet fruit as a form of transgression as a result of which Laura is banished from the idyllic self-sufficiency of their small farm, where the girls are not troubled by any sorrows. However, having learned the sweet taste of the fruit, Laura does not want to milk cows, feed hens and bake cakes without a word of complaint. Using the framework of food studies enriched with the tools of conceptual metaphor theory, the article argues that the contamination Laura suffers through forbidden consumption is not presented by Rossetti as unambiguously negative. This interpretation also becomes bolstered by comparing Rossetti's piece with how other Victorian female writers defined the role of young women in relation to food, including especially the aspect of their apprenticeship to be housewives. In this view, the goblin fruit gains a new dimension: its consumption highlights the oppressive nature of the norms to which young women were subjected in the Victorian era.


BACKGROUND Diabetic foot ulceration (DFU) is the prime health concern globally. It accounts for the major burden related to disease mortality and morbidity and economic cost. The timely and early recognition of the DFU can help present its occurrence and improve clinical outcomes. AIM To evaluate interrelationships between foot ulcers, risk factors, and antibiotic resistance among diabetic patients having ulcers in their foot. METHODS The databases such as PubMed, ERIC, Medline, and Google Scholar were extensively used for the extraction of studies. The selected studies were published within the time-period of 2014-2018. Ten studies were selected, which were found to be completely relevant to the current study. RESULTS The prevalence of diabetic foot ulcers among the population was evaluated, and the associated risk factors with its prevalence. Moreover, few studies also reported on the bacteria that are found to be most prevailing among diabetic patients. A narrative discussion was drawn through this analysis, which was used to highlight the specific area of research through selected studies, extraction of the significant information that matched with the topic of research, and analysis of problem through the findings of the selected articles. The results helped in assessing significant knowledge regarding the risk factors of diabetic foot ulcers and the role of antimicrobial resistant in its treatment. CONCLUSION The gram-negative bacteria were found to be the most common reason for diabetic foot ulcers. The study only included 10 studies that are not sufficient to produce generalized results, and no information was reported on the tests required to analyze antimicrobial susceptibility that can guide clinicians to propose better and sound treatment plans. It is evident that most study results depicted that the most common risk factors were found to be hypertension and neuropathy.


Abstract:  Several germline mutations and sequence variants in cancer predisposition genes have been described. Among these, the CDKN2A p.A148T variant appears to be frequent in patients with melanoma, at least in certain ethnic groups. In this case–control study, we evaluated 127 patients with cutaneous melanoma and 128 controls from Southern Brazil, the region with the highest melanoma incidence rates in the country. Using PCR–RFLP, we demonstrate that CDKN2A p.A148T variant was significantly more frequent in patients with melanoma than in controls (12.6% vs 3.9%; P = 0.009). There was no association between presence of the polymorphism and tumor thickness, site of the primary tumor, melanoma subtype, age at diagnosis, quantitative and qualitative number of nevi. Patients with a positive family of history for other cancers were particularly prone to carry the CDKN2A p.A148T allele. All patients with p.A148T‐positive melanoma reported European ancestry, especially German, and this was confirmed using a panel of ancestry‐informative INDELs. Our data suggest that CDKN2A p.A148T is a melanoma susceptibility allele in Southern Brazil and is particularly common in patients with melanoma of predominantly European ancestry.


We address the question of the dynamics in the inner 50 pc of the Galactic Centre. In a rst step we investigate the cloud{cloud collision rate in the Circumnuclear Disk (CND) with the help of a three dimensional N{body code using gas particles that can have inelastic collisions. The CND might be a longer lived structure than previously assumed. The whole disk{like structure of the CND can thus survive for several million years. A realistic simulation of the CND shows the observed disk height structure. In a second step the environment of the CND is taken into account. Retrograde and prograde encounters of a cloud of several 10 4 M falling onto an already existing nuclear disk using dierent energy loss rates per collision are simulated. The influence of the energy loss rate per collision on the evolution of the mass accretion and cloud collision rates is strongest for a prograde encounter. A composite data cube of two dierent snapshots of a prograde encounter together with the CND shows striking similarity with the observed Sgr A cloud complex. The current appearance of the Galactic Centre environment can thus be explained by at least two dynamically distinct features together with the CND. The current mass accretion rate within the CND ranges between 10 3 and 10 4 M yr 1 . It can rise up to several 10 2 M yr 1 during massive accretion events.


technical skills will be reintroduced to the programming of the school in an effort to provide early job training and create a workforce that can boost the economy. Skills training will also be available for members of the community. The students and community alike will have a space that can be shared and integrated in a new approach at developing the neighborhood. Schools should be viewed as agents for urban revitalization and critical parts of our communities. As a society attempting to change for the global good it is only logical to implement new design and environmental technologies into our schools. The deteriorating conditions of public schools are a deterrent to students' educational growth and development. Environments that are energy and resource efficient, as well as healthy well-lit and containing the amenities for a quality education are the most valuable for students and their future. Drop-out rates in Detroit public schools are astonishingly high compared to the national averages. Revitalizing school designs has proven to be a motivational force which encourages education and facilitates the learning experience. Neighborhood or community schools are perhaps the best approach to allowing deteriorating communities to grow together once again. This thesis proposes such a school design that will retain students and promote a relationship with the community in an effort to instill a concern for the degradation of the environment. 13 detroIt PublIc schools The Detroit Public Schools, founded in 1842, is one of the nation's largest public school systems. Detroit Public Schools is a school district of choice and is open to children who live outside the city. The District offers numerous competitive academic and career technical programs. Among these world-class programs are the Foreign Language Immersion and Cultural School, Michigan's only public school of its kind; Davis Aerospace, one of few college prep high schools in the country where students can obtain a pilot's license; the Detroit School of the Arts, a multiple award winning performing arts high school; and Crockett Technical High School, a digital technology high school. Detroit Public Schools, Michigan's largest school district, serves nearly 90,000 students in 172 schools throughout the city of Detroit. The district's mission is to create Centers of Excellence in every school in every neighborhood. The school systems' administration, teachers and staff have a laser-like focus on creating learning opportunities to prepare children for the 21st Century and ensure they can compete in a global economy. Last year, the district led the state in the number of National Achievement Scholarship winners. Read on to learn more about the opportunities behind the doors of every Detroit Public School, and you, too, will want to say, "I'm in." (Detroit Public Schools)


gist: Affection is always the main theme for the writers to choose, especially for the women writers among whom is Zhang Jie. She has finally got her famous position just in the same way as other writers, that is by writing love stories. After experiencing hard pursuit, worship of idols and the shatter of hopes, she published her novel-Wordless, which exceeded her view about affection in the past, showing her new understanding of such subject, going against the usual way of it and giving deep literate introspection to it.


In this paper, we use a hybrid method which combines the traditional guided waves concept and FEM (finite element method) to analyze the spurious modes of aluminum nitride (AlN) film with electrodes. First, the guided wave modes in plated area are gotten by 1-D FEM. The vibration of the film resonator is a superposition of all the guided modes. We find that for AlN film resonator, a thickness-stretch mode resonator, there are three families of spurious modes, extension, thickness-stretch and thickness-shear. The spectrum of spurious modes is calculated and the influence of the spurious modes is discussed


Briefly, this essay was based on the lived de-democratizing period of security from the six-year term of Felipe Calderon, Enrique Pena Nieto and ends with the first two years of government of the Fourth Transformation. The rise of drug cartels and the violation of the Mexican State in the face of the number of homicides, feminicides, kidnappings and extortion mainly. The lack of effectiveness represented by local public security institutions was analyzed according to the security variable and how a strategy was formulated to combat insecurity in the country, a reformed strategy being six-year with six-year and with little or no favorable results.


Despite the advances in separation and quantification techniques, the sample preparation is still the weakest link and the time determining step in the whole procedure for trace-analysis of pesticides. In order to reduce the price and time of environmental monitoring, it is relevant to perform multiresidue analysis which includes modern polar pesticides and their degradation products. Multiresidue solid-phase extraction is described taking into account the diversity of chemical functional groups of pesticides with varying polarity and physico-chemical properties.


The sheep hybrids are of high efficiency due to th eir carcass traits that demonstrate better commercial traits, compared to t heir parental breeds. In Romania, the sheep hybridizing is mainly performed in order to obtain individuals with higher meat yield of their carcass . The aim of this paper is to emphasize the fattening performances, traits of the main body components, and carcass conformation in Norwegian White x Turcana young hybrids compared to Turcana young sheep. All studied individuals were fattened for 79 days within two experimental series (2008 and 2009). The estimated statistical parameters are foc used on 10 young rams fattened and slaughtered, belonging to both breed structures, considered by e ntire experiment (both experimental series). The average values and differences between them reflect the superiority of the Norwegian White x Turcana young hybrids compared to Turcana young for all analyzed traits, except gigot length and basin depth. Significant and distinct significant differences in advantage of the hybrids were recorded for the following traits: weight in the end of fattening (s laughtering weight) total gain, average daily gain, warm carcass weight, internal organs weight, large and small carcass length, carcass width, thorax depth and crupper width. We consider that these res ults demonstrate the presence of the heterosis effect in hybrids.


We have examined a method of direct extraction of accurate tight‐binding parameters from an ab‐initio band‐structure calculation. The linear muffin‐tin potential method, in its full‐potential implementation, has been used to provide the hamiltonian and overlap matrix elements in the momentum space. These matrix elements are Fourier transformed to real space to produce the tight‐binding parameters. The feasibility of this method has been tested on the intermetallic alloy NiAl, using spd orbitals for each atom. The parameters generated for this alloy have been used as input to a real‐space calculation of the local density of states using the recursion method.


Label-free gold nanoparticles were applied as a colorimetric probe for the determination of cysteamine. The approach is based on aggregation of the nanoparticles leading to a change in the absorption spectra and color of the solution. The influence of different factors (the presence of EDTA, pH, the concentrations of cysteamine and the nanoparticles) on the aggregation and analytical performance of the procedure was investigated. The potentiality of EDTA as a masking agent to eliminate the interference of metal cations was estimated. The method allows the determination of cysteamine with a detection limit of 0.01 μg mL−1. It was applied to the analysis of a hair-waving formulation and urine.


The simulation analyze of stress state of mineral connecting ring is carried out with finite element methods and the reliability of simulation calculation is tested through experiments. The weak location of the opening mineral connecting ring is found out from the distribution conditions of stress, providing the theoretical basis for losing efficacy analyze and structure optimum of mineral connecting ring.


With most oilfields at Bohai Bay enters into middle and late waterflood development stage, the oilfields have high water cut but low recovery degree. Chemical methods of enhanced oil recovery (CEOR) such as polymer are applied. However, the degradation and retention of polymer inside reservoir make it less attractive. Moreover, due to serious over-standard injected water quality or low-medium reservoir permeability, the CEOR are confronted with many challenges such as high injection pressure, difficulty in injection. Therefore, a new oil displacement technology of nanometer dispersion with good injectivity, dispersion stability and strong oil displacement characteristics is proposed. The focus of this study is to indentify the stimulation mechanism of nanometer dispersion and reveal its possibility for EOR in Bohai oilfield.
 A set of experiments, including interfacial tension, contact angle, wettability, viscosity and core displacement, were conducted to investigate the effects of nanometer dispersion on the recovery of crude oil in Bohai Q oilfield. It was observed that nanometer dispersion fluid at the concentration of 0.5 wt.% can: 1) reduce the oil-water interfacial tension to 10−3 level; 2) decrease the oil-water contact angle from 55° to 9 °; 3) reduce the crude oil viscosity from 259 cp to 132.8 cp, with a viscosity reduction rate of 48.7%; 4) improve the oil washing efficiency of oil sand to as high as 79.1%; and 5) improve the oil recovery rate of core plugs by 25%∼46% compared with water flooding.
 The lab-scale test was then extended to field-scale test. A pilot field test was conducted in Bohai Q oilfield, which was very successful, and obvious effect on controlling water and increasing oil production was obtaineded, with an oil increment of 6158m3. Laboratory and field test results show that the nanometer dispersion, as a new EOR technology, could considerably increase oil recovery and has a wide application prospect.


The invention relates to a clock synchronization communication circuit and communication method of an electronic detonator. The clock synchronization communication circuit comprises a communication interface, a rectifying circuit, a voltage stabilizing circuit, a first filter circuit, a second filter circuit and a signal processing circuit; and an exploder inputs a communication signal into the communication circuit of the electronic detonator through a bus, the communication circuit obtains a communication data signal and a clock signal through a communication signal and processes the communication data signal under the control of the clock signal. According to the invention, clock consistency of the communication circuit of the electronic detonator can be kept, so that cumulative error of the clock is eliminated, and a system error during the communication process of the exploder and the electronic detonator can be avoided.


Ayurveda advocates Shodhana (Purificatory procedures) for poisonous substances to render it safe and effective for therapeutics. But mentioning of Shodhana for a non poisonous plant like Vacha is a matter of great curiosity with regards to the purpose of Shodhana. In this review an attempt has been made to analyse the concept and relevance of Vacha Shodhana in view of both classical and modern thoughts.


Dissipative systems provide a strong link between physics, system theory, and control engineering. Dissipativity is first explained in the classical setting of input/state/output systems. In the context of linear systems with quadratic supply rates, the construction of a storage leads to a linear matrix inequality (LMI). It is in this context that LMI's first emerged in the field. Next, we phrase dissipativity in the setting of behavioral systems, and present the construction of two canonical storages, the available storage and the required supply. This leads to a new notion of dissipativity, purely in terms of boundedness of the free supply that can be extracted from a system. The storage is then introduced as a latent variable associated with the supply rate as the manifest variable. The equivalence of dissipativity with the existence of a non-negative storage is proven. Finally, we deal with supply rates that are given as quadratic differential forms and state several results that relate the existence of a (non-negative) storage to the two-variable polynomial matrix that defines the quadratic differential form. In the ECC presentation, we mainly discuss distributed dissipative systems described by constant coefficient linear PDE's. In this setting, the construction of storage functions leads to Hilbert's 17-th problem on the representation of non-negative polynomials as a sum of squares.


THERE IS a widely held belief that sudden occlusion of a main renal vein invariably results in renal infarction and loss of the kidney. However, because of a rich collateral circulation, the left kidney may continue to function after renal vein ligation. This was first pointed out by Erlik et al 1,2 and has been borne out by a patient recently studied by us. A review of the anatomy of the inferior vena cava and the renal veins as well as a review of the literature has shown that, under certain circumstances, renal survival can be expected after left main renal vein ligation. Report of a Case The patient (MSH-266140), a 49-year-old white man, was admitted to the Mount Sinai Hospital on Nov 26, 1964, with severe, sustained hypertension of four months' duration. His blood pressure was approximately 250/140 mm Hg and it was poorly controlled with antihypertensive medications. In


The increasing diversity of the Internet has created a vast number of multilingual resources on the Web. A huge number of these documents are written in various languages other than English. Consequently, the demand for searching in non-English languages is growing exponentially. It is desirable that a search engine can search for information over collections of documents in other languages. This research investigates the techniques for developing high-quality Chinese information retrieval systems. A distinctive feature of Chinese text is that a Chinese document is a sequence of Chinese characters with no space or boundary between Chinese words. This feature makes Chinese information retrieval more difficult since a retrieved document which contains the query term as a sequence of Chinese characters may not be really relevant to the query since the query term (as a sequence Chinese characters) may not be a valid Chinese word in that documents. On the other hand, a document that is actually relevant may not be retrieved because it does not contain the query sequence but contains other relevant words. In this research, we propose two approaches to deal with the problems. In the first approach, we propose a hybrid Chinese information retrieval model by incorporating word-based techniques with the traditional character-based techniques. The aim of this approach is to investigate the influence of Chinese segmentation on the performance of Chinese information retrieval. Two ranking methods are proposed to rank retrieved documents based on the relevancy to the query calculated by combining character-based ranking and word-based ranking. Our experimental results show that Chinese segmentation can improve the performance of Chinese information retrieval, but the improvement is not significant if it incorporates only Chinese segmentation with the traditional character-based approach. In the second approach, we propose a novel query expansion method which applies text mining techniques in order to find the most relevant words to extend the query. Unlike most existing query expansion methods, which generally select the highly frequent indexing terms from the retrieved documents to expand the query. In our approach, we utilize text mining techniques to find patterns from the retrieved documents that highly correlate with the query term and then use the relevant words in the patterns to expand the original query. This research project develops and implements a Chinese information retrieval system for evaluating the proposed approaches. There are two stages in the experiments. The first stage is to investigate if high accuracy segmentation can make an improvement to Chinese information retrieval. In the second stage, a text mining based query expansion approach is implemented and a further experiment has been done to compare its performance with the standard Rocchio approach with the proposed text mining based query expansion method. The NTCIR5 Chinese collections are used in the experiments. The experiment results show that by incorporating the text mining based query expansion with the hybrid model, significant improvement has been achieved in both precision and recall assessments.


This study presents an analysis of the contribution of knowledge acquired in graduate schools for regional development. The investigation is grounded in two lines of reasoning: one based on mainstream studies that consider investment in basic science to be an essential element for the economic development of any region and the other which defends interdisciplinarity as a response to the fragmentation caused by a positivist epistemology of nature that has been increasingly occupying space in Brazilian universities with the expansion of graduate study. This fact contradicts the needs of the knowledge society, informational and globalized, which imposes modern science as a solution for this new organizational form. The research was based on the collection of secondary data which were analyzed using coefficients of correlation, specialization and restructuring. Results show that regional inequality limits processes of education and, consequently, of innovation, which are among the factors that prevent the equitable economic growth of regions.


In order to evaluate the role and importance of sex difference in medieval theology and canon law, this article concentrates on two cases: the hermaphrodite's access to the sacraments of baptism, marriage and ordination, and the creation of the first woman. The author shows that, compared to other intellectual frameworks (Roman law, medieval muslim law), medieval theology, but especially canon law was relatively egalitarian.


A rotor supported on active magnetic bearings (AMBs) is levitated inside an air gap by electromagnets controlled in feedback. In the event of momentary loss of levitation due to an acute exogenous disturbance or external fault, reestablishing levitation may be prevented by unbalanced forces, contact forces, and the rotor's dynamics. A novel robust control strategy is proposed for ensuring levitation recovery. The proposed strategy utilizes model-based μ-synthesis to find the requisite AMB control law with unique provisions to account for the contact forces and to prevent control effort saturation at the large deflections that occur during levitation failure. The proposed strategy is demonstrated experimentally with an AMB test rig. First, rotor drop tests are performed to tune a simple touchdown-bearing model. That model is then used to identify a performance weight, which bounds the contact forces during controller synthesis. Then, levitation recovery trials are conducted at 1000 and 2000 RPM, in which current to the AMB coils is momentarily stopped, representing an external fault. The motor is allowed to drive the rotor on the touchdown bearings until coil current is restored. For both cases, the proposed control strategy shows a marked improvement in relevitation transients.


We analyse the effects of a national reform of higher education financing on the decision making of secondary school students in the Netherlands. The reform eliminated a universal subsidy for higher education students and replaced it by a low-interest loan, causing a substantive increase in the private costs of higher education. We show that the reform had a large impact on students' decision making, decreasing the share of secondary school students following college-preparing tracks by 6.8 percentage points. The reform also affected students' subject specialization choices, and the living arrangements of new college entrants. We show that secondary school students respond to the costs of higher education well ahead of their graduation, which has important consequences for the design of empirical studies of higher education financing. It also shows that policy uncertainty regarding financial aid is sufficient to deter many students from pursuing higher education.


With its remarkable Bauhaus Style the Wen Yuan Building on the Campus of Tongji University is one of the most significant preserved buildings of modern architecture in China.It was used as teaching building.During the years it was out of maintenance and could not match the demand of energy saving.In 2005,Tongji University decided to renovate it and the renovation was finished in May 2007.A comprehensive team of respective faculties with foreign experts was set up.Using new energy saving technologies,a systematic energy saving concept has been worked out. It established an model project for building preservation as well as energy efficiency of building renovation.Ten technical solutions used in this project will be discussed in this paper.


(51) Int. Cl. (75) Inventor: Manoj Haridas, Bangalore (IN) GOI 3/44 (2006.01) GOI 3/45 (2006.01) GOIB 9/02 (2006.01) Correspondence Address: (52) U.S. Cl. ............................................ 356/301; 356/451 HONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL, INC. Patent Services Group AB2 (57) ABSTRACT P.O. BOX 2.245 Morristown, NJ 07962 (US) A corrosion sensor having a bean-splitting interferometer, a spectrometer and an analyzer, wherein said corrosion sensor is a contactless corrosion sensor configured to scan a sample (73) Assignee: Honeywell International Inc., Morriscomprising corroded and non-corroded areas, and further town, NJ wherein said spectrometer collects Raman signatures from said sample, and said analyzer maps the corroded and (21) Appl. No.: 11/332,234 non-corroded areas is disclosed. The corrosion sensor could be used for evaluation the degree of corrosion in the fuselage (22) Filed: Jan. 17, 2006 or engine of an aircraft, for example.


Dynkin diagrams first appeared in [20] in the connection with classification of simple Lie groups. Among Dynkin diagrams a special role is played by the simply laced Dynkin diagrams An, Dn, E6, E7 and E8. Dynkin diagrams are closely related to Coxeter graphs that appeared in geometry (see [8]). After that Dynkin diagrams appeared in many braches of mathematics and beyond, em particular em representation theory. In [22] P. Gabriel introduced a notion of a quiver (directed graph) and its representations. He proved the famous Gabriel's theorem on representations of quivers over algebraically closed field. Let Q be a finite quiver and Q the undirected graph obtained from Q by deleting the orientation of all arrows.


ABOUT 2 years ago Chick et al. [1938, 2] reported the occurrence of nervous 'symptoms in young pigs reared on a synthetic diet and deprived of certain members of the vitamin B2 complex. The basal diet consisted of purified casein, purified maize starch, cotton seed oil, salt mixture, cod liver oil, with daily supplements of pure vitamin Bl, nicotinic acid and riboflavin. When daily doses of Edgar & Macrae's yeast eluate fraction which contains vitamin B6 and of their purified yeast filtrate fraction were also given, the pigs developed satisfactorily, though not as well as a control group which received 4% of yeast in their diet as source of all the B-vitamins. When the filtrate factor was omitted the pigs did badly, became paralysed and died if the missing factor was not given. When the eluate factor was omitted the pigs also showed a subnormal rate of growth and in addition developed a tendency to epileptic fits. The following is the description given. The fits resembled typical epilepsy as seen in the human being. Without warning the animal ran round the pen in excitement, screamed, then suddenly dropped as if shot. This was followed by a period of tonic spasm with extended legs, passing to a clonic stage with violent jerking of the limbs. A comatose stage succeeded with dry stertorous breathing gradually becoming shallow. A few minutes later the colour of the pig, which had become deathly white, improved, consciousness retumed and the animal got up languidly and walked about as before the fit occurred. The duration of the fits was from a few minutes to a quarter of an hour. Between the fits the animals appeared normal. When the yeast eluate fraction was given to the pigs, no more fits occurred. As far as we are aware, this is the first recorded instance of experimentally produced epilepsy of nutritional origin. Convulsive fits and other nervous symptoms have, however, been described in dogs, pigs, chicks or rats deprived of various members of the B-vitamin group. Fouts et al. [1938] observed the occurrence of hypochromic microcytic anaemia, together with convulsive fits, in puppies about 4 months old reared on a synthetic basal diet of casein, sucrose, crisco, salt mixture, halibut liver oil, vitamin B1 and riboflavin, to which was added a liver extract which contained the filtrate factor and nicotinic acid. If, in addition, an extract of rice polishings was given, to provide the rat antidermatitis factor, vitamin B, there were neither anaemia nor convulsions. Wintrobe et al. [1938] described ataxia with queer gait, and clonic, scratch-like, movements of the hind legs, in young pigs receiving a synthetic diet consisting of casein, sucrose, butter, lard, salt mixture, vitaminC and cod liver oil, to which whole yeast was added, at first adequate in amount 1 Mission Member of the Egyptian University. 2 Research Student in Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture.


In investigating the degree to which the organization of the central nervous system is influenced by the presence of a prehensile tail in the spider monkey, we found that the eight caudal segments of the spinal cord which are exclusively concerned with the tail (Chang & Ruch, 1947 a) are projected to a particular cell group of dorsal column nuclei (Chang & Ruch, 1947b) and a particular region in the thalamus (Chang & Ruch, 1947c). Most interesting of all is the finding reported below, i.e., that the projection of these terminal segments of the spinal cord is to the foremost part of the anterior lobe of the cerebellum. This finding, we believe, offers anatomical support for the theory of topographical representation of the cerebellum as advanced in recent years by physiologists, namely that the tail, leg, arm and face are represented in the anterior lobe anteroposteriorly in that order.


The intercropping proportions comprised 100 cm spaced 4-row trips of linseed intercropped with one, two , three and four rows of methra along with sole cropping of the component crops. Intercrop was sown between the strips of linseed at the time of planting linseed. Different yield components of linseed were invariably influenced significantly by the associated methra crop in different proportions. The yield of linseed intercropped with one, two, three and four rows of methra was reduced by 6.94, 6.92, 8.46 and 18.36 percent respectively. However at the cost of this much reduction in linseed yield an additional harvest of 156, 220, 326 and 379 kg haG of methra was obtained from the respective intercropping patterns which compensated more than the losses caused in the yield of linseed. The highest total grain yield of 1223 kg haG was recorded for linseed + three rows of methra intercropping system against the minimum of 980 kg haG in case of linseed + one row of methra intercropping pattern. By contrast, the highest net income (Rs. 7665 ) was obtained from an intercropping pattern of linseed + four rows of methra against the minimum (Rs. 3683 haG ) in case of sole cropping of linseed. On the whole linseed-methra intercropping in different proportions gave 17 to 38 percent yield advantage over mono cropping of the component crops with the maximum (38%) in linseed + three rows of methra intercropping pattern.


Here we investigate how the spectrum of the normalized graph Laplacian gets affected by certain graph operations like motif duplication and graph (or motif) joining.


Using the Spanish Household Survey Data, we explore the determinants of the timing of the first child in Spain. Our aim is to determine the impact of income, wages and labour market situation in the decision of entry to motherhood. We estimate a discrete-time duration model, controlling for sample selection bias and unobserved heterogeneity. Our results show that employed women delay their first birth relative to women out of the labour force. Female wages have a positive effect on the hazard of having a first child. Those women whose partners have higher earnings have shorter birth interval.


Incubation behaviour varies among the different taxa of kiwi. For North Island brown kiwi (Apteryx mantelli) and little spotted kiwi (A. owenii), only the male incubates the eggs, except for in the first week. Meanwhile, for Okarito brown kiwi (A. mantelli) and the tokoeka (A. australis), incubation is shared by both sexes. In addition, amongst southern tokoeka, family group members can assist with incubation to the extent that breeding males may take no part in incubation at all. This study shows that kiwi turn their eggs regularly, an observation that contradicts earlier findings. There is a mean incubation temperature of 36.5°C at the top of the egg but the bottom may be 10°C lower in North Island brown kiwi and 5-8°C lower in Okarito brown kiwi eggs. Experiments inducing water loss from fertile and infertile eggs show that the presence of an embryo does not influence rate of water loss. North Island brown kiwi, Okarito brown kiwi and tokoeka regularly have more than one clutch in a season, and some North Island brown kiwi females lay up to seven eggs each year.


Wild medicinal plants often become the source of advanced materials for the manufacture of effective medicines. The long-term use of their natural resources depends on observance of biologically based rules, i.e. the annual possible volume of harvesting. The paper aims to estimate the reserves of subsurface parts of the valuable medicinal plant Rhaponticum carthamoides in the Kuznetsk Alatau (Siberia, Russia). We set 31 resource profiles with total length of 41895 m in key areas and mapped locations of plant communities with R. carthamoides. Based on data in 2000 calculating plots we defined the average number of shoots per 1 m2 in the phytocenoses with great abundance of this species and estimated the average weight of subsurface parts per shoot in 43 special key plots. Predictable exploitable reserves of R. carthamoides in the Kuznetsk Alatau amount 202 t with 6.73 t of annual possible volume of harvesting. The demand for raw materials of this species can be satisfied by natural resources but only if harvesting is held in a sustainable manner observing also the rules of collection on the population level.


A digital consumer is defined as a person who can use advanced technology tools, do market research quickly through search engines, communicate with other consumers, and direct the overall process at every stage from product design to purchasing and after-sales service. Today, consumers use computer technology to make purchases and as a result, the definition of the digital consumer concept emerges. A digital consumer is a person who uses the internet to get information about a specific product they want to buy from any category or directly with a device with internet access. This article reviews research on the role of digital consumers in 5.0 societies. The purpose of this article is to explain the essence of the digital consumer concept, highlight key points about the behavior of digital consumers, and guide future research on the digital consumer. In the article, a comprehensive literature review has been made on five headings: digitalization of consumption, types of digital consumers, purchasing stages of digital consumers, factors affecting the purchasing behaviors of digital consumers. It has become clear as a result of the literature research on the digitalization of consumption and digital consumer concepts. In this research, it has been tried to create a digital consumer profile and their roles in 5.0 societies by making literature research within the scope of digital consumer types, trends they create today, purchasing stages and factors affecting purchasing behavior.


Rosai‐Dorfman‐Destombes disease (RDD) has long been identified as a non-clonal histiocytic proliferation presenting with bulky lymphadenopathy. The recent decade has shown a significant paradigm shift in understanding the pathophysiology of histiocytic neoplasia. Mutations in genes causing constitutive activation of the MAPK/ERK pathway in nearly half of RDD cases have highlighted its clonal origin. Also, the knowledge of the pathway has led to the utilization of targeted therapy including MEK inhibitor cobimetinib in the management of refractory cases. We provide a brief review of the genetic analysis of sporadic RDD highlighting the utility of molecular analysis in clinical practice.


Huangshi Power Generation Co.,Ltd.No.209 boiler adopted double set type stabilizing combustion burner and small oil gun ignition technology.By using concentration and dilution separating combustion mechanism,under 115MW load condition,The steady combustion is fulfilled without adding oil.With small oil gun technology,as the unit under cold state,the oil for ignition is decreased from 40 t(before retrofit)to 20 t(after refrofit).


A recent study has found that disparities exist in the delivery of chemotherapy to patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) who are positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (Cancer. 2016;122:2689-2697). HIV-associated NHL is a serious complication of HIV infection, but in the era of highly effective combination antiretroviral therapy, data from several studies separate from the current one have indicated that its incidence has decreased and survival has increased. The authors of the current study set out to investigate chemotherapy use in the community, to correlate it with survival, and to compare it with recent changes in demographics and survival.


In this paper we present an ac-magneto-transport study of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in the quantum Hall effect (QHE) regime, for frequencies in the range [100Hz, 1MHz]. We present a new approach to understand admittance measurements based in the Landauer-Buttiker formalism for QHE edge channels and taking into account the capacitance and the topology of the cables connected to the contacts used in the measurements. Our model predicts an universal behavior with the a-dimensional parameter RCω where R is the 2 wires resistance of the 2DEG, C the capacitance cables and the angular frequency, in agreement with experiments.


A supportive work environment develops an atmosphere to attract and retain a talented and motivated workforce to an organization. It further improves the commitment and dedication of employees towards more work. As a key player of the Sri Lankan economy and the second-largest foreign exchange earner to the country, the apparel industry requires to consider keeping such a workforce by creating a supportive work environment. In the Sri Lankan context, few empirical studies are available which were addressed the work environment in the apparel sector. The existing empirical knowledge gap concentrates on giving attention to this aspect. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to analyze the relationships among the supportive work environment, employee engagement, employee commitment and explore the mediating role of employee engagement in the effects of supportive work environment on employee commitment of selected apparel firms in Sri Lanka. To achieve these objectives, data were collected from 203 machine operators of the selected two apparel companies using a structured questionnaire. The sample was chosen through Stratified Random sampling technique. Stratified sampling is where the population is divided into subgroups (strata) and a random sample is taken from each subgroup. The researcher was chosen machine operators based on the company size from the whole population. In this case, subgroup was grounded on company size. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis. In this study, the supportive work environment is the independent variable, employee commitment is the dependent variable and employee engagement is the mediating variable. The results indicated that significant positive relationships exist between independent, dependent and mediating variables and complementary partial mediation effect of employee engagement in the effects of supportive work environment on employee commitment. As a result of this study, Managers of Apparel companies must give their attention to a combination of a supportive work environment and employee engagement to increase the level of employee commitment. This study only covered two firms in Nuwaraeliya Apparel Industry. So in the future scope will be expanding beyond the research area, it will be effective and useful.


In the pharmaceutical industry, firms frequently engage in licensing agreements to overcome innovation challenges and keep up with the pace of developing new drugs. Licensing helps firms jointly develop new drugs and acquire external knowledge, which helps improve their internal drug development capability. Our study examines the dynamic effects of licensing on the success of the licensees' internal drug development across research stages. We adopt a structural equation modeling approach and find that external knowledge transfer via licensing can have differential effects on firms' internal research stage-specific R&D capabilities. The success of transferring external knowledge to an in-licensing firm is critically dependent on the firm's internal R&D capabilities, their financial capability, and the research stage. We find that license agreements formed at the early stage (the discovery and preclinical test phases) and intermediate stage (phase 1 and 2 clinical test phases) exert strong direct and short-run effects on internal R&D capabilities in the same research stages. Moreover, licensing formed at the intermediate stage exerts remarkably strong indirect and long-run effects that impact R&D capabilities in successive research stages. Licensing in the late stage (phase 3 clinical test and product approval) is costly and does little to enhance firms' internal R&D capabilities. Our results also show that licensing is formed among firms with stronger financial resources, and those resources are necessary for a successful technology transfer. Our results also provide insights into the impact of licensing on project success rates across research stages.


Actuality of problem of Afunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) incessantly grows as a result of increase of morbidity and role of women in society which requires a stable capacity and continuation of active life from them. DMK often meet for women with chronic hepatitis, it is that is why important to study morfofunctional the state of liver not only at the choice of complex therapy of DUB but also for providing of proof protracted remission of the united pathology. We studied the results of clinical sonografic researches and indexes of fibromaks for women with DUB. 60 women with DUB, which suffer chronic hepatitis(CH), are inspected. Developed program of complex inspection, treatment and rehabilitation of women with DUBand chronic hepatitis taking into account theindexes of fibromaks.


Paper presents research results of modern IT technologies and 7 systems using impact for logistics activities in Polish food processing 8 enterprises. Results indicate that a higher used IT solutions advancement level 9 and, consequently, incurred expenditures on IT infrastructure do not directly 10 translate to lower logistics costs. A clear relationships, according to which a 11 higher IT solutions advancement level translates into a better company market 12 position in the field of logistics and a higher level of knowledge about logistics 13 solutions were found. Results confirmed productivity paradox existence in 14 Polish agri-food processing companies identified earlier in relation to financial 15 results. 16


Denoising di � usion models are a novel class of generative algorithms that achieve state-of-the-art performance across a range of domains, including image generation and text-to-image tasks. Building on this success, di � usion models have recently been extended to the Riemannian manifold setting, broadening their applicability to a range of problems from the natural and engineering sciences. However, these Riemannian di � usion models are built on the assumption that their forward and backward processes are well-defined for all times, preventing them from being applied to an important set of tasks that consider manifolds defined via a set of inequality constraints. In this work, we introduce a principled framework to bridge this gap. We present two distinct noising processes based on (i) the logarithmic barrier metric and (ii) the reflected Brownian motion induced by the constraints. As existing di � usion model techniques cannot be applied in this setting, we derive new tools to define such models in our framework. We then demonstrate the practical utility of our methods on a number of synthetic and real-world tasks, including applications from robotics and protein design.


Thermodynamic calculations were performed using a modified solgasmix-pv computer program in order to study the feasibility of codepositing boron nitride (BN) plus aluminum nitride (AIN) by chemical vapor deposition. Reactants considered were AICl3, BCl3 or B2H6, NH3, and H2. Deposition diagrams were generated for the BCl3-AICl3-NH3 system over a range of processing conditions such as temperature, total system pressure, and reagent concentrations. Codeposition of BN + AIN was predicted by the calculations for temperatures in the range of 900 to 1700 K and pressures of 10.13 to 101.3 kPa. The predicted deposition efficiency at equilibrium was much higher for BN than for AlN at most reagent compositions. The AlN deposition efficiency increased with decreasing temperature and decreasing BCl3 content, with increasing NH3 content, or with the addition of H2. Aluminum chlorides were found to be the dominant gaseous species.


In recent years, a self-selected exercise intensity (SSEI) method and its protocol consisting of 5-min fixed-load cycling at 70% of maximal oxygen uptake followed by 15-min SSEI cycling (SSFL70%) has been accepted as an intensity regulation method for better exercise prescription. The method simplifies exercise prescription and contributes to exercise habituation. There were no significant differences in ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) during exercise between the SSEI method and SSFL70%. However, the percentage of maximal load (%loadmax) regulated by each method differed significantly. These results suggest that the regulated intensity is not based on RPE in either or both of the two methods. In the present study, the interrelation between RPE and the values of physiological variables, and between RPE and the exercise load during the SSEI method and SSFL70% was examined chronologically. Thirty-six healthy men (aged 25.3±2.7 years, mean±SD) performed two trials consisting of 20-min cycling exercise using both the SSEI method and SSFL70% protocols. The coefficient of cross-correlation between FECO2 and RPE for cardiorespiratory function calculated during exercise was higher for the SSEI method than for SSFL70%. The tendency for the higher cross-correlation in the SSEI method was ascertained from the RPE value for the femoral region and %loadmax. However, the time cycle of positive to negative changes in the coefficients of cross-correlation was relatively shorter for SSFL70% than for the SSEI method. These results suggest that changes in physical condition and workload during exercise using SSFL70% are reflected in RPE in the short term compared with the SSEI method.


Objective To study the changes of annexin Ⅳ expression in human endometrium during menstrual cycles and correlation with steroid hormone.Methods The characteristics of the annexin Ⅳ protein expression in human endometrium during menstrual cycles were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and western blotting.Results annexin Ⅳ protein was present in glandular and luminal epithelium cells with a higher levels throughout secretory phase,but it also was localized to the stroma cell during the mid-and late-secretory phase.The protein was significantly up-regulated during mid-and late-secretory phases compared with that in the proliferative phase.Conclusions The changes of annexin Ⅳ expression in human endometrium during menstral cycles suggest that it may play a role in the morphological and functional transformation as wess as in the tissue reconstruction.


Stroke is a major public health burden in the United States and worldwide and is a leading cause of long-term disability and lost wages. The southeastern United States, nicknamed the "stroke belt," is disproportionately affected by stroke, with African Americans being the most affected. Multiple theories exist about the basis for this, one of which is the diet quality that prevails in the southern United States. Indeed, diet has long been known to be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in general, and stroke in particular. This chapter discusses the relation between diet and stroke. We explore the intersections of cardiovascular and nutrition science and discuss the different components of diet as well as the different dietary patterns and how they affect stroke risk. Finally, we recommend how physicians and healthcare providers can mitigate cardiovascular risk by properly counseling their patients. This chapter is meant to be used as guidance for the data needed to support our daily decisions when counseling patients.


This is an education resource made to accompany an exhibition "Freedom, Fortitude and Flies: daily life in Tennant's goldfields" that was held at the Battery Hill Mining Centre, Tennant Creek.