Summary

The utility of an empirically determined criteria of consumption for determining problem from problem-free drinking in treated clients was assessed. The criterion used was an average of four or more drinks/on an average of 3 or more days per week. Subjects were 55 early-stage problem drinkers followed-up after treatment and categorized as 'problem' or 'problem-free' on the basis of their self-reports. Significantly higher levels of alcohol consumption were obtained for the problem group. While the mean quantity and frequency of drinking of this group were above both criterion levels, the mean quantity and frequency of the problem-free group were below. Self-reported drinking was corroborated by independent measures of GGT (gamma glutamyl transpeptidase). Of the subjects who exceeded both criteria 77% reported problems, of those who were below both criteria 4.5% had problems, and of those who were above only one criterion about 40% reported problems. These findings can be useful to clinicians, as a rule of thumb, in assisting problem drinkers who wish to reduce their alochol intake to non-hazardous levels.


Let ξ = (ξt) be a locally finite (2, β)-superprocess in Rd with β < 1 and d > 2/β. Then for any fixed t > 0, the random measure ξt can be a.s. approximated by suitably normalized restrictions of Lebesgue measure to the ε-neighborhoods of supp ξt. This extends the Lebesgue approximation of Dawson-Watanabe superprocesses. Our proof is based on a truncation of (α, β)-superprocesses and uses bounds and asymptotics of hitting probabilities. Author: Xin He, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Auburn University, 221 Parker Hall, Auburn, AL 36849, USA, firstname.lastname@example.com Running head: Approximation of (2, β)-processes. MSC2010 subject classifications: 60J68


The article is dedicated to the important problem in the study of the historical identity of the Russian society at the second half of XIX early XX centuries constructing an image of the "other". The problem is considered on the example of the historical perceptions about the Finno-Ugric peoples of the Volga-Kama region. The authors, analyzing the content of historical and historic-philosophical works. reveal, that the interpretation of the image of the Volga-Kama's Finno-Ugric peoples wore controversial, because it was due to a collision of imperial and liberal values and ideological traditions in the Russian public consciousness. On the one hand, according to the imperial tradition Finno-Ugric peoples of the Volga-Kama region were regarded not as an independent subject of history, but only as an object of colonization and civilizing, doomed to inevitable assimilation. This colonization processes were idealized as exclusively "peaceful" and progressive. On the other hand, there was opposed view, based oneself upon liberal, humanistic traditions of Russian culture and the results of objective scientific historical research.


Background: Cluster headache cannot be cured, and not all attacks can be aborted or prevented. Nevertheless, therapeutic guidelines focus solely on the attacks and ignore reverberations of the disorder on patients' lives. However, it is likely that not only pain reduces patients' quality of life (QoL). Objective: To investigate whether the interictal burden independently influence the QoL of subjects suffering from cluster headache. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we asked patients with a self-reported cluster headache diagnosis to answer a modified EUROLIGHT questionnaire that included the EURO-HIS QoL scale. We built a generalised linear model and included the QoL as the dependent variable. Independent variables comprised both the ictal and the interictal burden. Results: The data of 625 participants entered the analysis. Several aspects of the interictal burden independently reduced the QoL. Among them were fear of pain, self-concealment, and private life difficulties due to the disorder. Conclusion: Both the ictal and the interictal burden of cluster headache independently reduce patients' QoL. We advocate adopting a more holistic approach to cluster headache management extending the focus towards the afflicted person and their QoL, which would generate novel therapeutic goals and strategies, complementary to treating and preventing cluster headache attacks.


Cooperative communication has been proposed to improve the disadvantages of the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technique without using extra multiple antennas. In an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system, a cooperative communication that each user shares their allocated sub-channels instead of the MIMO system has been proposed to improve the throughput. But the cooperative communication has a problem as the decreased throughput because it is necessary that users send and receive the information to each other to improve reliability. In this letter, the modified cooperative transmission scheme is proposed to improve reliability in the fading channel, and it can solve the problem for BER performance that is dependent on the errors in the first phase that exchanges the information between both users during the first time. key words: cooperative communication, DF, OFDMA, STBC


In light of the statistical performance of cosmological observations, in this work we present an improvement on the Gaussian reconstruction of the Hubble parameter data H(z) from Cosmic Chronometers, Supernovae Type Ia and Clustering Galaxies in a model-independent way in order to use them to study new constraints in the Horndeski theory of gravity. First, we have found that the prior used to calibrate the Pantheon supernovae data significantly affects the reconstructions, leading to a 13σ tension on the H 0 value. Second, according to the χ2-statistics, the reconstruction carried out by the Pantheon data calibrated using the H 0 value measured by The Carnegie-Chicago Hubble Program is the reconstruction which fits best the observations of Cosmic Chronometers and Clustering of Galaxies datasets. Finally, we use our reconstructions of H(z) to impose model-independent constraints in dark energy scenarios as Quintessence and K-essence from general cosmological viable Horndeski models, landscape in where we found that a Horndeski model of the K-essence type can reproduce the reconstructions of the late expansion of the universe within 2σ.


The present study examined a causal relationship among risk characteristics, trust, risk perception and preventive behavioral intention on MERS risk/crisis situation. The baseline survey was conducted for a total of 285 adults living in Seoul, South Korea. A structural equation modelling was used to examine a causal relationship among risk characteristics, trust, risk perception and preventive behavioral intention. Results from the structural equation modelling indicated that risk characteristics were positively associated with risk perception. Trust was negatively associated with risk perception, but positively related to preventive behavioral intention. It is also found that risk perception was positively associated with preventive behavioral intention. The findings indicate that risk characteristics are significant predictors of risk perception, and both trust and risk perceptions are the key factors facilitating preventive behavioral intention.


C.B., M.B. Pp. xxviii., 359. Westminster [London ]: Archibald Constable and Co. 1895. Th?^is *s an interesting narrative of the adventures of Dr. Dp rnton during thirty-five years service in the Indian Medical fitment. in? ^rst indications of the great Sepoy Mutiny were becomit waPParent when Dr. Thornton sailed for India in 1856; and i^ gas no,: ^?ng after Dr. Thornton's arrival that the storm burst


Tom Hennigan visits Recife, the Brazilian city at the centre of what is now a global health emergency, to see how the country's public health system is coping


The design and functionality of thermoacoustic refrigerators has been the focus of considerable attention from the research community since the 1980's. This environmentally friendly technology has the potential to become another option for refrigeration, as improvements in the design and technology are realised. Heat-exchangers are used to increase the efficiency of thermoacoustic systems, however they are typically complex to manufacture, expensive, and limitations of heat-exchangers exist in terms of efficiency and durability. Reducing or eliminating the use of heat-exchangers through the use of flow-through designs dramatically reduces the cost and complexity of thermoacoustic systems, potentially with minimal efficiency loss. In this review paper of flow-through thermoacoustic refrigeration, the developments of flow-through design and its potential benefits will be discussed.


Data-Driven Decision-Making in Urban Schools That Transitioned From Focus or Priority to Good Standing by Danielle M. Ware MA, Canisius College, 2014 MA, State University of New York College at Buffalo, 2009 BS, State University of New York College at Buffalo, 2005 Project Study Completed in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Education


Packet Tracer is software that is used to provide simulations to users about the basis of network configuration. Packet Tracer can be used to train users in actual network simulation. Appearance in the packet tracer simulator along with the components and buttons that resemble the actual shape. Community service activities carried out at YADIKA 3 VOCATIONAL SCHOOL, Tegal Alur, West Jakarta, which was attended by 40 students of class X Computer and Network Engineering (TKJ). tracer. The activity begins by providing brief material and 1 learning module.
Keywords: packet tracer, network simulations, subnetting, network devices

Packet Tracer adalah perangkat lunak yang digunakan untuk memberikan simulasi kepada pengguna mengenai dasar dalam konfigurasi jaringan. Packet Tracer dapat digunakan untuk melatih pengguna dalam simulasi jaringan yang sebenarnya. Penampilan dalam simulator packet tracer beserta dengan komponen dan tombol-tombol nya yang menyerupai dari bentuk yang sebenarnya. Kegiatan Pengabdian pada masyarakat yang dilakuan pada SMK YADIKA 3 Tegal Alur Jakarta Barat yang di hadiri oleh 40 siswa/siswi kelas X Teknik komputer dan Jaringan ( TKJ ), Kegiatan berlangsung dengan memperkenalkan Simulasi jaringan pada packet tracer langsung kepada siswa dengan presentasi dan praktek menggunaan packet tracer. Kegiatan di awali dengan memberikan materi singkat dan 1 modul pembelajaran.
Kata Kunci: packet tracer, simuasi jaringan, subnetting, perangkat jaringan


1.IntroductionAccording to Zimmerman, vocabulary is central to language and language learning. As a subcategory of vocabulary, collocations are believed to be the stumbling block for second and especially foreign language learning (Mohammadi Darabad, Bahrebar, & Javid, 2013). Collocations are frequently recurring two-to-three word syntagmatic units which can include both lexical and grammatical words, e.g. verb + noun (pay tribute) ,(adjective + noun (hot spice), preposition + noun (on guard) and adjective preposition (immune to).It has been widely argued (e.g. Boers et al., 2006; Boers & Lindstromber, 2009) that collocational competence is important for language production and reception, enabling both the L1 and L2 language user to make idiomatic choices and come across as native-like.Teachers are well aware that every decision that they make or every step that they take in their class has a profound effect on learners' academic achievement. Teacher actions consist of both teaching and testing. Recent views and works in the field of applied linguistics have attempted to reveal the interfaces between teaching and testing so that these two fields are now considered interdependent. The recent approach known as dynamic assessment (DA) has established a stronger link between language teaching and language testing (Zoghi & Malmeer, 2014).Nowadays educators are recommended to use multiple assessments to evaluate what learners have learned .Dynamic assessment (DA) is a kind of interactive assessment used most in education. DA is a relatively new approach to L2 assessment that has been introduced to L2 research and educational community by Lantolf and Poehner (2004) and Poehner and Lantolf (2005).While several studies have been conducted to investigate DA in foreign language learning, (Lantolf & Poehner; 2005; Zoghi & Malmeer, 2013), it appears that almost no research has been carried out to examine the effect of dynamic assessment on recall of collocations. In line with the previous studies in DA and to extend the scope of its applications, this study aimed to apply dynamic approach to teaching and assessing of collocation by Iranian EFL learners. The present study aims to answer the following research question:1. To what extent is dynamic assessment effective on EFL students' recall of collocations?Based on the above research question, the following hypotheses were formulated:H0. Dynamic assessment does not have any effect on EFL students' recall of collocations.H1. Dynamic assessment has significant effect on EFL students' recall of collocations.2. What is Dynamic Assessment (DA)?DA in language learning derived from sociocultural theory (SCT) of Vygotsky and his idea on cognitive development offers new insights into assessment in the language classroom by revealing hidden aspects of individuals' abilities in answering each test item. While the results of traditional nondynamic assessment (NDA) or Static Assessment (hereafter SA) can only show the already existent abilities of the student, the analysis of zone of proximal development (hereafter ZPD) makes it possible to evaluate the ability of the student to learn from the interaction with a teacher or a more competent peer and predict their possible future development. Vygotsky (1978) defined ZPD as the distance between a child's "actual developmental level as determined by independent problem solving" and the higher level revealed in "potential development as determined through problem solving under adult guidance or in collaboration with more able peers" (p. 86). Unaided performance on static measures tells us what has already been learned or accomplished, whereas the breadth of ZPD is thought to provide prospective indications of what can be learned. While studying the development of children's mental abilities, Vygotsky (1978) observed that what a child is able to do independently only displays the tip of iceberg, that is, a partial picture of child's full capability, because the child can often do more when just a bit of assistance, or mediation, is offered by someone else. …


Training and Hyperparameter Optimization (HPO) of deep learning-based AI models are often compute resource intensive and calls for the use of large-scale distributed resources as well as scalable and resource efficient hyperparameter search algorithms. This work studies the potential of using model performance prediction to aid the HPO process carried out on High Performance Computing systems. In addition, a quantum annealer is used to train the performance predictor and a method is proposed to overcome some of the problems derived from the current limitations in quantum systems as well as to increase the stability of solutions. This allows for achieving results on a quantum machine comparable to those obtained on a classical machine, showing how quantum computers could be integrated within classical machine learning tuning pipelines. Furthermore, results are presented from the development of a containerized benchmark based on an AI-model for collision event reconstruction that allows us to compare and assess the suitability of different hardware accelerators for training deep neural networks.


Using information from ethnological fieldwork and accounts collected in Milpa Alta (Mexico) throughout the 20th century, the interactions are described that took place between the inhabitants, artists, anthropologists and linguists who took part a national postrevolutionary construction of Mexico. The history of these exchanges brings to light the social and historical conditions for identifying the « Milpaltenses » as natives, even as « heirs to the Aztecs ». Without passing judgement on whether this identification was authentic or invented, this article shows that this native identity did not precede the formation of the nation-state but results from it.


Abstract : Miniaturization of high frequency antennas while maintaining desirable bandwidth, impedance, and loss characteristics has recently attracted great attention in part due to the development of metamaterials. Ideal magnetodielectric materials should have the largest possible index of refraction which match the impedance of the materials to the environment and improve the antenna bandwidth. One approach to achieve such magnetodielectrics is to embed magnetic materials in a dielectric matrix. In this work, we have prepared and characterized a series of magnetodielectric composites with oriented Fe flake inclusions in an insulating dielectric polymeric matrix. The Fe flakes were prepared by mechanically deforming commercial Fe particles into sub-micrometers thick with aspect ratio (width/thickness) over 100. Several methods were employed to uniformly mix the Fe flakes in polymer matrix over a wide range of volume concentrations. Alignment is achieved either by using external magnetic field or flow method. High frequency complex permeability and permittivity values for the various loaded composites were measured and analyzed. These magnetodielectric composites indeed have high and, which can be matched by adjusting volume concentration.


To the Editor: The Gammaproteobacterium Coxiella burnetii is the causative agent of acute Q fever and chronic endocarditis in humans worldwide. It is transmitted primarily by aerosol route or by ingestion of fomites from infected animals, mostly from domestic ruminants (1). Although >40 tick species can be infected with C. burnetii, direct transmission of this agent to humans from infected ticks has never been properly documented. However, ticks may play a critical role in the transmission of C. burnetii among wild vertebrates (1). Only a few studies, mostly related to human clinical cases or seroepidemiogic evaluation of healthy animals, have reported C. burnetii in South America (2–4). However, to our knowledge, C. burnetii has never been reported in ticks in the continent.

During ecologic studies on Amblyomma parvum and A. tigrinum ticks in the Cordoba Province of Argentina, engorged nymphs were collected from the common yellow toothed cavy (the rodent Galea musteloides) (5,6). In the laboratory, engorged nymphs molted to adults (92 A. tigrinum, 13 A. parvum), which were individually submitted to the hemolymph test with Gimenez staining for detection of rickettsiae-like organisms (7). By the hemolymph test, 1 A. tigrinum female, and 2 A. parvum male ticks were found to contain red-stained rickettsiae-like structures. These 3 ticks were processed individually by the shell vial technique, with the purpose of isolating intracellular bacteria in Vero cell culture (7). Inoculated cells were always incubated at 28°C. Intracellular bacteria were successfully isolated from all 3 ticks and established in Vero cell culture, as demonstrated by Gimenez staining of infected cells from at least 10 subsequent passages, which all infected 100% of the cells (Figure, panel A). Infected Vero cells contained multiple vacuoles (Figure, panel B) that enclosed a seething mass of microorganisms (Video), compatible with Coxiella organisms. Such vacuoles were not seen in uninfected control Vero cells incubated under the same conditions as those of infected cells (Figure, panel C).

Figure

Vero cells inoculated with Amblyomma tick extracts for isolation of rickettsiae. A) Rickettsiae-like organisms stained in red by Gimenez staining (original magnification ×400). B) Inoculated monolayer photographed under phase-contrast microscopy ...

Video

Vero cells infected by Coxiella burnetii isolated from an Amblyomma parvum tick. Note large vacuoles enclosing a seething mass of microorganisms. Phase-contrast inverted optical microscopy under ×400 original magnification.

For molecular analyses, DNA from the infected cells of each of the 3 isolates was extracted by boiling at 100°C for 10 min; it yielded products of the expected size through PCR protocols selective for portions of 3 genes of the genus Coxiella: primers QR-FO (5′-ATTGAAGAGTTTGATTCTGG-3′) and QR-RO (5′-CGGCCTCCCGAAGGTTAG-3′) for the 16S rRNA gene (8); primers CAPI844F (5-ATTTAGTGGGTTTCGCGCAT-3′) and CAPI844R (5′-CATCAGCATACGTTTCGGGAA-3′) for the cap gene (9); and primers Cox-F-pry2 (5′-TTATTTACCAACGTTCCTGAGCCG-3′) and Cox-R-pry2 (5′-TTTATCCCGAGCAAATTCAATTATGG-3′) for the pyrG gene (9). PCR products underwent DNA sequencing in an automatic sequencer (Applied Biosystems/PerkinElmer, Foster City, CA, USA) according to the manufacturer`s protocol. We sequenced 1,386, 557, and 545 nt of the genes 16S rRNA, cap, and pyrG, respectively, which were identical to each other for each gene amplified from the 3 tick isolates. By BLAST analyses (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast), these sequences were 99.9% (1,384/1,386 nt), 99.6% (556/558 nt), and 99.6% (452/454 nt) identical to the corresponding GenBank sequences of the North American C. burnetii genes 16S rRNA, cap, and pyrG, respectively ({"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"HM208383","term_id":"296245391","term_text":"HM208383"}}HM208383, {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"CP001020","term_id":"212011950","term_text":"CP001020"}}CP001020, {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"CP001020","term_id":"212011950","term_text":"CP001020"}}CP001020). Partial sequences (16S rRNA, cap, pyrG) from C. burnetii generated in this study were deposited into GenBank and assigned nucleotide accession nos. {"type":"entrez-nucleotide-range","attrs":{"text":"JQ740886-JQ740888","start_term":"JQ740886","end_term":"JQ740888","start_term_id":"388540072","end_term_id":"388540075"}}JQ740886-JQ740888, respectively.

Infected Vero cell monolayers were fixed in a modified Karnovsky solution, stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate, and examined in a transmission electron microscope according to standard procedures. Ultrastructurally, Coxiella organisms were identified by morphologic features within heavily infected Vero cells. The organisms possessed typical bacillary morphologic characteristics and were observed inside vacuoles (phagolysosomes) of different sizes, proportional to the number of organisms (Figure, panels D, E). Intravacuolar organisms had a mean length of 0.55 ± 0.13 µm (range 0.42–0.85 µm) and a mean width of 0.25 ± 0.03 µm (range 0.22–0.32 µm).

Ticks negative for rickettsiae-like organisms by hemolymph testing were subjected individually to DNA extraction by the guanidine isothiocyanate-phenol technique (10) and screened for Coxiella spp. by PCR that targeted the pyrG gene, as described above. Although no A. parvum tick yielded amplicons, 40 A. tigrinum ticks yielded amplicons of the expected size for the pyrG gene. DNA sequences generated from these ticks were identical to the pyrG partial sequences obtained from the C. burnetii isolates mentioned above.

We found 41 (44.6%) of 92 ticks and 2 (15.4%) of 13 of the A. tigrinum and A. parvum adult ticks, respectively, to be infected by C. burnetii. Because these ticks were collected as engorged nymphs from wild rodents in a natural biome of Argentina, namely, the Chaco phytogeographic domain (5,6), our results indicate that C. burnetii is established in this part of the country where ticks possibly play an essential role in the enzootic cycle. Serologic evidence of C. burnetii infection has been found among goats and cattle in several areas of Argentina (3,4). Because free-ranging domestic cattle and goats are considered among the most likely hosts for A. parvum adult ticks in the Chaco domain (6), humans are likely being exposed to C. burnetii as well.


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> Although the world is full of suffering, it is also full of the overcoming of it.
>
> Helen Keller

In Canada in 2017, there were almost 4000 opioid-related deaths, most involving illicit fentanyl or fentanyl analogues.[1][2] A third of deaths and more than half of opioid-


Subterranean termites cause damages to embankments and dams of water reservoirs and are destructive to forests and crops in Teh-ching County.The black-winged termite(Odontotermites formosanus SbiraM)and the yellow-winged termite(Macrotermes larneyi Light)are two important species which cause more troubles than other species in our district.Detection of the presence of the subterranean termites in a locality requires much labour and thus has to rely principally upon the efforts of the masses.In order to locate the termitaria and the main galleries of the termites attention must be paid to the behaviours of different castes which may manifest in the minute alterations on the ground.The control of termites in the dams must be carried out by mass move-,inents with emphasis on "early inspection","early prevention" and "early eradication".According to our experience the effective control measures may be listed as follows:1.Earth treatment-In the course of dam construction the earth of the topmost stratum is sprayed with water dilution of 50% chlordane(1:100)and layered to a depth of 0.5 to 1.0 meter at the rate of 10 kg of the solution per cubic meter of earth.2.Fumigation-Acetylene and DDVP solution(calcium carbid 0.5 kg,0.5 % DDVP 1 kg)are injected into the main galleries.3.Stuffing with poisonous mud-After a shallow chamber of fungus combs in the soil has been located,a barge quantity of fine soft mud in water containing chlordane and benzene hexachloride is pumped with sufficient pressure into the soil cavity until the nest chamber and galleries are completely filled with the mud.4.Killing with allurements-Termites from colonies in the forests of hills or on the dams of water reservoirs may be trapped by setting alluring pits filled with or piles heaped with wooden blocks or sticks of pine branches or sugarcane stems.About 20 days after setting the allurements examination is made;and if termites are present therein Mirex dust is quickly blown into the traps with a hand duster.The pine blocks or sticks are covered with earth again after dusting is completed.The prolonged toxic effect of the insecticide Mils the termites within several weeks through mutual contamination within the colony.


The Artificial Life (AL) simulation described in this paper offers the possibility to observe how primitive artificial organisms are forming rather complex communities while evolving and adapting themselves to their environment. For that purpose our simulation provides an intuitive graphical user interface which allows to start/stop/continue simulation runs, vary the animation speed, observe the evolving population as a whole (macro view), observe the life cycle of single individuals (micro view), interactively change environmental parameters (food growth rate, life expectancy of the individuals, etc.) during a simulation run. A specific feature of our application is that it provides the possibility to study the role of cooperative behaviour within populations of autonomous agents. Beside this, it can be easily distributed on several computers allowing to simulate also very complex artificial worlds. In our paper we give a detailed description of the distributed architecture and the functionality of our AL simulation which is realized platform independently as a Java application. Beyond that, some interesting experimental results are presented and an outlook is given on our future work.


The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) was discovered and so named because of its association with allograft rejection in animals. Thus, when kidney transplantation in humans became a reality i...


This article argues that Tadeusz Borowski's poems have been unjustly neglected in Holocaust studies. One reason for this comprises Borowski's uncomfortable engagement with the culpability and complicity of former inmates of Auschwitz-Birkenau, his rejection of the notion of the 'sacred survivor', and his intense distrust of lyrical forms in the context of the camps. Borowski's most striking (but unknown) poem written in Birkenau is 'October Sky': this poem constitutes a dialectical anti-lyric in the sense that it 'hates tradition properly' – according to Theodor Adorno's definition in 'Minima Moralia' – because it rigorously examines and challenges traditional forms without rejecting them entirely. In contrast, Borowski's post-war poems become journalistic, mimicking the style of prose testimony in their attempts to respond to daily events. A more practical reason for Borowski's neglect can be explained by the lack of translations: only three poems are readily available for English readers, in Hilda Schiff's popular anthology 'Holocaust Poetry'. This fact demonstrates that canons of Holocaust literature are bound up with the availability of translations as much as literary merit: Borowski's 'October Sky' deserves to read alongside the 'classics' of Holocaust poetry, such as Paul Celan's 'Todesfugue', Nelly Sachs's 'O the Chimneys' and Primo Levi's 'Shemà'.


The aim of the article is to show the relevance of snakes and their link with Dionysus in Orphic myths and rites from Classical to Imperial times. The god is linked to snakes before his birth, because his father Zeus is metamorphosed into a snake in order to join Persephone. This myth is linked to a rite, in which a snake slid on initiates' lap, probably in order to identify the god with the initiate. In certain rituals snakes, probably real, were kept in kists and winnows and were shaken in processions. In the Orphic late tales, Time- Herakles and Fanes are snaky creatures that confirm the relevance of the snakes in Orphism. Palabras clave: Serpientes, Dioniso, orfismo, cultos, ritos, mitos.


Human history of social development is actually a cultural changes history,and cultural changes have recorded the process of social development.The process of culture changes and develops along with the productivity of times and the relations of production in the boundless long human history.Nowadays in the scenery of globalization and modernization in china,the minority groups' traditional cultural change speed exceeds any other period on history.This arouses the solicitude of the personage of all circles.Anthropologists show their concern for cultural changes,and we pay close attention to the cause why they change,and the way how they change.This paper discusses with author's field information on the changes of the fiery culture in Oroqen Ethnic Minority Group.


The species and numbers of Vibrio bacteria and some environmental factors were investiged from winter of 2006 to autumn of 2007 for the inshore surface water of Xiaohai,Wanning City,Hainan Province.The results of Vibrio species survey showed that,totally 27 Vibrio species were isolated from the inshore surface water of Xiaohai and the main Vibrio species isolated from Xiaohai including V.parahaemolyticus,V.vulnificus,V.alginolyticus,V.Cholerae,V.fluvialis and V.mimicus.V.alginolyticus,V.parahaemolyticus and V.cholerae were the dominant species in summer and autumn;V.fluvialis was the dominant species in spring and summer;V.harveyi and V.mimicus were the dominant species in winter;V.vulnificus could be detected in all seasons and its numbers were constant in differdent season.The total numbers of Vibrio were higher in spring and autumn,lower in summer and winter.Correlation analysis showed that,the correlation between the number of Vibrio distribution and salinity,pH were notable,the correlation between Vibrio distribution and temperature,salinity,dissolved oxygen and pH were different among different Vibrio species,different sampling stations and different seasons.The results of cluster analysis showed that,the composition of Vibrio species had high similarity in summer and autumn and at the stations with shorter distance.


Multipath interference is a major source of interference for synthetic aperture sonar systems operating in shallow water at long ranges. In this paper we describe an iterative algorithm for blindly separating the signal from the multipath interference that uses differences in the temporal coherence properties of the signal and multipaths caused by sea surface roughness, the difficulties encountered in applying the algorithm to actual sea data, and the solutions and lessons learned.


A large deviations principle (LDP), demonstrated for occupancy problems with indistinguishable balls, is generalized to the case in which balls are distinguished by a finite number of colors. The colors of the balls are chosen independently from the occupancy process itself. There are r balls thrown into n urns with the probability of a ball entering a given urn being 1/n (i.e. Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics). The LDP applies with the scale parameter, n, tending to infinity and r increasing proportionally. The LDP holds under mild restrictions, the key one being that the coloring process by itself satisfies an LDP. This includes the important special cases of deterministic coloring patterns and colors chosen with fixed probabilities independently for each ball.


Abstract How infant and adult humans learn languages and what this tells us about the various aspects of the language system is currently a central topic in linguistic research, one that more and more includes bilingualism and language attrition in its embrace. Despite the centrality of the problem of language acquisition for Generative Grammar, it is fair to say that other modes of language learning are now entering the arena of discussion, having shown their potential for discovery in Cognitive Science at large. Some aspects of grammatical knowledge that are hard to acquire and yield differences between native and non-native speakers reveal that language learning is indeed a special type of learning, which in turn reveals that knowing more about these entails knowing more about language.


Corresponding Author: Jose Enrico H. Lazaro, PhD Department of Physical Sciences and Mathematics College of Arts and Sciences University of the Philippines Manila Rm. 102 Rizal Hall Bldg., P.Faura St. Ermita, Manila 1000 Philippines Telephone/Fax No.: +632 9818616 Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Combinations of Chloroquine with Tigecycline and Telithromycin Induce Early Onset of Apoptosis in Plasmodium falciparum in vitro


Aims and Objectives: This study aims to investigate the role of dental
caries-causing bacteria in increasing acute or chronic tonsillitis among Iraqi children. Materials and Methods: 120 patients were part of the study and were divided into 6 groups; each group had 20 patients aged 6–12. Swab samples were obtained from dental plaque and tonsils to identify the bacterial flora. Identification
methods included metabolic capability, microscopic reading, and biochemical reaction. Results: The results showed that Streptococcus pneumonia was the most
common Gram-positive bacterial species isolated from three different groups and
control rate (32.9 %). Also, Moraxella catarrhalis, Granulicatella elegant and
Streptococcus parasanguinis appeared in both tonsillitis and dental caries. Conclusion: An interesting association between dental caries and tonsillitis in children aged 6 to 12 appeared. Most Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial isolates were multi-drug resistant to antimicrobial agents.
Keywords: parallel infection, dental caries, tonsillitis, Iraqi children.


Obstacle avoiding robot was designed, constructed and programmed which may be potentially used for educational and research purposes. The developed robot will move in a particular direction once the infrared (IR) and the PIR passive infrared (PIR) sensors sense a signal while avoiding the obstacles in its path. The robot can also perform desired tasks in unstructured environments without continuous human guidance. The hardware was integrated in one application board as embedded system design. The software was developed using C++ and compiled by Arduino IDE 1.6.5. The main objective of this project is to provide simple guidelines to the polytechnic students and beginners who are interested in this type of research. It is hoped that this robot could benefit students who wish to carry out research on IR and PIR sensors.


This study was conducted with broilers to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of four medicinal plants on the performance, blood lipids and microfl ora population in the ileum. Three hundred and thirty-six day- old Ross broiler chicks were used in a completely randomized study with 6 treatments and 4 replicates each. The diets were iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous and contained 15, 3, 2 and 2 g/kg of dried cumin, peppermint, yarrow and poley herbs, respectively. Two dietary treatments were considered the negative (containing no medicinal plant or antibiotic) and positive (containing Flavomycin at 0.4 g/kg) control groups. Flavomycin and peppermint supplementation to the diet increased the FI and BWG of the broiler chickens compared to the control (P<0.01). Dietary Flavomycin signifi cantly increased body weight gain (BWG) in contrast to the other dietary treatments (P<0.05). Peppermint and cumin supplementation to the diet increased the BWG of the broiler chickens, whereas dietary poley and yarrow signifi cantly reduced the BWG and increased feed conversion ratio (FCR) when compared with broilers fed the negative control diet (P<0.05). Dietary Flavomycin and peppermint increased the concentration of triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and total cholesterol in serum (P<0.05). Addition of Flavomycin or peppermint to the diet signifi cantly reduced the ileal Bifi dobacteria and Clostridia (P<0.05). In conclusion, under the conditions of this study, peppermint improved growth performance and adding it to the diet could be an alternative to the use of antibiotics as growth promoters in poultry production.


A brief calculation of the extra costs when using herbs & berries in the 2 new organic meat-products developed in BerryMeat.


Increasingly our home environment is a part of the Internet, in the sense that devices in our homes (e.g. intelligent home assistants, sensors and smart meters) are Internet-interconnected. In other words, smart home environment is, and will be, an important source of evidence in the foreseeable future. There has been relatively few research on the forensic acquisition and analysis of a home automation system. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a forensic investigation framework for the smart home environment and evaluate its utility using three case studies. Our framework can also be used as a quick reference guide for digital forensic investigators working on future home automation systems.


The purpose of this research is to improve students' mathematical creative thinking ability through Scientific approach based on Numbered Heads Together in class VIIA SMPN 2 Mojolaban Gas Semester Year 2017/2018. The type of research used is classroom action research. Data collection techniques use observation sheets, tests, field note sheets, and documentation. Data analysis techniques use data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusions. The result of the research shows that there is an improvement of creative thinking ability with the indicators: 1) students ability to solve problems and give many answers before there are action as many as 10 people (31,25%), in cycle I 18 person (60%), and in cycle II 25 people (83.3%). 2) Students' ability to use various problem solving strategy as many as 8 people (25%), in cycle I 12 people (40%), and on cycle II 20 people (66.67%). 3) Students' ability to present the answers in front of the class as many as 5 people (15.625%), on the cycle I 8 people (26.67%), and in cycle II 16 people (53.3%).
Keywords: creative thinking, scientific approach, numbered heads together


S-adenosyl-L-methionine is a high energy compound and is the major source of methyl groups for a myriad of biologic transmethylation reactions. These highly specific single-carbon transfers onto diverse nucleophilic centers in biomolecules are catalyzed by methyltransferase enzymes and play important regulatory and structural roles in the cell. Here we discuss the chemical mechanism of the methylation reactions, including structural features of the methylsulfonium center in the cofactor molecule, enzyme-assisted activation of diverse nucleophilic targets by deprotonation or covalent catalysis, and spatial constraints of the reaction.


The trout (Salmo trutta) has been divided into three forms: sea-run trout, lake-run brown trout, and resident brown trout. They differ in their living environment, migratory behaviour, growth and appearance. As local trout populations are often isolated, and gene flow between them is minimal, differentiation between populations can be expected. The morphology of 1-year-old trout from ten populations representing all three forms was studied in a common-garden experiment. The fish were reared under similar environmental conditions, and 20 morphometric characters were measured from each individual fish. Marked morphological differentiation was found, and differences between populations were greater than differences between forms. The results suggest that the differences have a genetic basis, and they are likely to indicate adaptation to local environmental conditions in the native habitat of the trout.


The present invention relates to a semiconductor memory device and a driving and testing method which can improve, and accurate testing signal integrity, and one of the semiconductor memory device in accordance with the present invention, by using the two data signals of the complementary relationship between the data states It has a structure which is determined by the semiconductor memory device of the differential signaling, and the first data pad on which the two of the first data signal in the data output signal; And the second data pad on which the two second data signals and the remaining signals of the data output signal; By having two impedance units each controlled independently of the first data signal and the second data signal, each of the control of the swing width, each independently, a complementary response to the two clock signals between the first data signal and the second the second data signal to the first data pad and having an output, each output driver to the second data pad. According to the invention, it is possible to increase the data valid window and to improve signal fidelity, it is possible to correct the test. Termination resistor, the voltage detecting unit, a code, a swing, a test


Wireless sensor networks play an important part in forestry monitoring and sensing. LoRa low-power wide area network technology is based on CSS (Chirp Spread Spectrum) and provides new technical means for forestry wireless monitoring, sensing and other forestry applications. For the needs of the forestry application, the experimental analysis about the wireless transmission characteristics of LoRa in forest lands is conducted. Various factors such as different antenna heights and different data packet lengths, which had important influence on transmission characteristics in forest, are analyzed. The research results show that LoRa technology had a good transmission effect among forest and is expected to be candidate for forestry monitoring and sensing in the future.


Abstract Polar cod exhibits variation over its distributional area both in morphometry, coloration and behaviour. Samples of polar cod from the Pechora Sea, off Svalbard (Spitsbergen), and from the Denmark Strait, previously analyzed for variation at a series of allozymic loci plus at one sen DNA locus (Syp I), have now been subjected to arbitrary amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD-analysis). Polar cod from two extra sampling sites, Disko Bay (western Greenland) and the Porsangerfjord (northern Norway), have been analyzed for Syp l variation. The RAPD approach revealed extensive within-area polymorphism but insignificant between-area variation. The Syp I analyses revealed only two deviant specimens, one hom Disko Bay, the other from the Porsangerfjord. In accordance with the previous survey, the present results provide no evidence of any population differentiation of polar cod in the investigated area.


The elements provided by Freud when theorizing about fantasies inevitably lead to doubts and obscurity. The aim of the present paper is to build a reflection on the questions arising out of the Freudian treatment to the problem, following his own articles and the development suggested by Pontalis and especially by Laplanche in the construction of his theory of generalized seduction which has as central concepts the enigmatical signifier and the source-object of the drive. Thus Laplanche makes possible the argumentation that the seduction is not a punctual event but an element which allows thinking the origins of the psychic subject in his universality.


[1] The accumulation of charges on cloud particles by the charge transfer of ions and attachment of electrons in the atmosphere of Venus is investigated in the present work. Three cloud layers between 45 and 70 km exist in the atmosphere of Venus. Ions and electrons are produced by the interaction of galactic cosmic rays with the neutral molecules. Ion to particle and electron to particle attachment coefficients are calculated. The charge balance equations include ion-ion recombination, ion-electron recombination, electron attachment to neutrals, electron detachment from negative ions, and attachment of electron and charge transfer from ions to particles. It is found that the ion concentrations are reduced by a maximum of a factor of 5 by charging of the particles, while the earlier studies showed a maximum reduction of about an order of magnitude due to the differences in the surface area of the particles. A similar result is observed in the calculation of electrical conductivity. Both monodisperse and polydisperse distribution of particles are considered. The conductivity was reduced by a factor of 3 when using the monodisperse distribution of particles, while the maximum reduction observed was a factor of 2 when using the polydisperse distribution. This result implies that the monodisperse particle distribution overestimates the effect of particles on the atmospheric conductivity. The ratio of negative to positive charges is found to be very large in the middle and upper cloud layers. The low abundance of the aerosols and high conductivity of the atmosphere appear to rule out lightning activity in the 40 to 70 km altitude region.


The Casimir-Polder potential for interaction between an excited atom and a ground-state one in the retarded case obtained with the help of perturbation technique drops as R^-2 with the distance between the atoms [E.A. Power, T.Thirunamachandran, Phys. Rev. A, 47, 2539 (1993)]. It results in diverdent integrals for interaction between an excited atom and a dilute gas medium. We investigate interaction between two atoms embedded in a dielectric medium with the help of non-perturbative approach. We take into account absorption of photons in the medium. This approach solves the problem of divergence. We consider interaction between an excited atom and a planar dielectric gas medium of ground-state atoms. We show that the retarded interaction between an excited atom and a gas of ground-state atoms is not oscillating but follows a simple power law. We show that to obtain coventional non-retarded expression for the van der Waals force between an excited atom and a dilute gas the distance between the atom and the interface should be much smaller than the free mean pass of a photon in the medium. Interaction between an excited atom and a hemisphere of ground-state atoms is considered.


Semiconductor lasers are very different from other lasers because refraction variation can't be avoided when the gain is changed. Refraction variation can be introduced the theory of semiconductor laser by a dimensional parameter. This parameter is called linewidth enhancement factor (LEF). The value of LEF is very important for many aspects of laser behavior. The LEF characterizes the linewidth broadening and chirp due to fluctuation in the carrier density. A simple method to measure the linewidth enhancement factor of laser diodes is presented in this paper. The method uses the self-mixing effect at a weak feedback level. An optical beam is reflected and injected into the laser diode cavity by an external target, and is then mixed with the light inside the cavity, causing variations of the optical output power. The waveform of the optical power is determined by the feedback factor C and the LEF. A theoretical formula to compute LEF is proposed for the case when the feedback level C is smaller than 1. The experimental results show this method is feasible and simple when a laser diode operates at single longitudinal mode.


The invention discloses a personalized multidimensional document sequencing method and a personalized multidimensional document sequencing system. The method comprises the following steps of iteratively calculating a sequencing value of each document under each characteristic according to a link relationship between the documents and parameter vectors of the documents; acquiring a group of documents according to a searching condition submitted by a query user, and calculating a personalized sequencing value of each document in the group according to a sequencing vector of the document in the group and a query vector set by the query user; transmitting the documents of the group to the query user according to the magnitudes of the personalized sequencing values, wherein the parameter vectors of the documents are updated according to a parameter vector updating algorithm. The invention also discloses the personalized multidimensional document sequencing system. According to the method, the precision ratio of a search engine and the anti-cheating capability of a webpage ranking algorithm can be improved.


We present a case of a 47-year-old nulliparous woman, with no relevant medical or surgical history, who underwent insertion of a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) during benign vulvar surgery with general anaesthetic.

Four weeks later, during a routine ultrasound examination to confirm the correct placement of the IUS, the device was shown to be missing. CT scan revealed the LNG-IUS to be in the right adnexal region (figure 1). Laparoscopic surgery was planned to remove it.On the day of surgery, an abdominal X-ray revealed different LNG-IUS localisation depending on patient positioning …


A semi-analytic model is presented for the gas-puff Staged Z-pinch, a magneto-inertial fusion concept in which an annular gas-puff liner implodes onto a deuterium or deuterium-tritium target. The one-dimensional model is a modification of the semi-analytic model for MagLIF (SAMM) [R. D. McBride and S. A. Slutz, Phys. Plasmas 22, 052708 (2015)], that addresses the different set of physics inherent to a Staged Z-pinch implosion: azimuthal magnetic field transport, shock heating of the fuel, separate ion and electron energy equations, and a simplified radiation model that approximates the liner transition from optically thin to optically thick. Following the explanation of the model, three sample problems are presented: first, a Staged Z-pinch implosion on the Zebra driver (1 MA, 100 ns) is modeled and compared with the HYDRA simulation results; second, the MagLIF point design is modeled and compared to the original simulation results [S. A. Slutz et al., Phys. Plasmas 17, 056303 (2010)] and results from SAMM; and third, we conduct a simple parameter scan and scaling study for a Staged Z-pinch implosion on the LTD-III driver (0.8 MA, 160 ns). Some agreement with HYDRA and SAMM is obtained, and deuterium-deuterium (DD) neutron yield scaling with current is consistent with other existing models and HYDRA simulations.A semi-analytic model is presented for the gas-puff Staged Z-pinch, a magneto-inertial fusion concept in which an annular gas-puff liner implodes onto a deuterium or deuterium-tritium target. The one-dimensional model is a modification of the semi-analytic model for MagLIF (SAMM) [R. D. McBride and S. A. Slutz, Phys. Plasmas 22, 052708 (2015)], that addresses the different set of physics inherent to a Staged Z-pinch implosion: azimuthal magnetic field transport, shock heating of the fuel, separate ion and electron energy equations, and a simplified radiation model that approximates the liner transition from optically thin to optically thick. Following the explanation of the model, three sample problems are presented: first, a Staged Z-pinch implosion on the Zebra driver (1 MA, 100 ns) is modeled and compared with the HYDRA simulation results; second, the MagLIF point design is modeled and compared to the original simulation results [S. A. Slutz et al., Phys. Plasmas 17, 056303 (2010)] and results from SAM...


Soft magnetic Fe75Al10Si15 (Sendust) films were deposited on substrates separated from the high‐energy plasma using the facing targets sputtering (FTS) apparatus. The Ar bias voltage VB was changed in the range of 0 to −150 V, and the substrate temperature Ts was adjusted in the range of 50∼400 °C. Films deposited at PAr of 1.0 mTorr and VB of −100 V possessed almost the same composition as that of the targets: Fe75Al10Si15. Films deposited at PAr=1.0 mTorr, VB=0 V and Ts=350 °C exhibited a saturation magnetization 4πMs=11.7 kG, a coercivity Hc=0.6 Oe, and a static relative permeability μrs=5000. On the other hand, films deposited at PAr=1.0 mTorr, VB=−100 V and Ts=50 °C exhibited 4πMS=12.0 kG, HC=0.4 Oe and μrs=8000. In addition, these films exhibited radio frequency relative permeability μrf of 2850 and 1050 at fM=10 and 50 MHz, respectively.


Measurement of the respiratory exchange of infants by present methods is time-consuming and technically difficult. The result is that only 3 or 4 pediatric clinics in America are making any attempt at present to study the subject. This paucity of data is regrettable since a knowledge of the energy metabolism furnishes the scientific basis for the feeding of infants in health and in nutritional disturbances, besides yielding valuable information in many other conditions. For these reasons, the attempt has been made to extend to infants the method proposed by Benedict and Root 1 for predicting the probable metabolism of adults from the insensible perspiration as measured with the aid of a delicate balance. The results thus far obtained with the method are presented in this preliminary report. The method is based on the close relationship which exists in the human organism from early infancy to old age between the production of heat and the loss of heat by way of vaporization of water through the skin and lungs. Du Bois 2 has shown that under standard conditions of clothing, temperature and humidity, healthy adults at rest and in the post-absorptive state lose approximately 25% of their heat in vaporization through the above channels. This relation was maintained in all of the afebrile diseases investigated. Simultaneous measurements of heat production and water elimination in the respiration chamber at the New York Nursery and Child's Hospital demonstrated that under comparable conditions normal and marasmic infants lose the same proportion of heat in vaporization as adults; namely, 26%, the extreme values being 23 and 30%. 3 The chart shows this relation between heat production, expressed as calories per 24 hours, and insensible perspiration, expressed as gm. per hour.


A goal for a future Europan payload is to determine the extent of the postulated sea, aspects of acoustic remote sensing are discussed with a view to operating a sonar in such an subsurface ocean.


This doctoral thesis is interested in international and internal migration. First, it focuses on the professional integration of immigrants in the category of skilled workers in Quebec. Quebec is one of the ten provinces of Canada that, like most other provinces, implemented a program back in 1996 that explicitly selected highly qualified workers based on particular characteristics such as the level of education (Bachelors', Masters' or PhD's), work experience, French and/or English proficiency. Despite these skills that should facilitate their professional integration, 48% of immigrants return to school once they arrive in Quebec in order to obtain a university or college diploma. The first two chapters of this thesis investigates why these immigrants decide to go back to school with such an endowment of human capital and what the effects of this investment in education are on the job frequencies and job durations and, on the earnings profile. This thesis then focuses on the households participation in internal labor migration and the dynamic effect of this participation on the agricultural productivity of households living in rural area of Uganda. The first chapter investigates the extent to which the return to foreign-acquired human capital is different from the education acquired in Quebec. Specifically, it seeks to estimate the benefits of post-migration education over foreign-education on the transitions between qualified and unqualified jobs and unemployment by means of a multiple-spells and multiplestates model. Here, a qualified job is one that corresponds to the highest degree obtained by the immigrant before they come in Quebec. The main results suggest that immigrants originating from well-off countries have no need to further invest in domestic education. Meanwhile, immigrants from poor countries, despite being highly qualified, benefit greatly from such training in the long run as it eases their transitions into qualified and unqualified jobs and out of unemployment. Our results also indicate that selection in education must be taken into account in order to avoid significant selection problems. Unlike the first chapter in which only the average effect of schooling is estimated, the goal of the second chapter is to estimate the distribution of the causal effect of Quebec-acquired education on migrants' earnings. In other words, it is possible to estimate an average effect for each individual by comparing his income in the case he has obtained a Quebec diploma to the situation where he has not obtained a diploma from Quebec, and vice versa. This is possible


Chang Y‐J, Huang X‐J. Use of G‐CSF‐stimulated marrow in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation settings: a comprehensive review.
Clin Transplant 2011: 25: 13–23. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.


Summary

In the present paper the analysis of the transverse magnetization decay curves of water is discussed. Whenever the spin-echo decay curve of water does not show a single exponential behaviour and the apparent relaxation rates of bound and free component vary with the moisture content, an exchange process must be hypothesized. A method for obtaining the amount of bound and free water, in the presence of exchange, is reported. If the described procedure is applied, the amount of bound water as determined by pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is in good agreement with the amount of unfreezable water as determined by other techniques.


During the past 50 years, 10 new tea cultivars of Zhenong series were bred including three national registered tea cultivars (Zhenong 12, Zhenong 113. and Zhenong 21), four provincial registered tea cultivars (Zhenong121, Zhenong25, Zhenong117 and Zhenong139).There are three cultivars to be registered (Zhenong23, Zhenong8-8 and Zhenong6-10) and 20 other new hybrid lines. Besides, early stage evaluation of major economic traits, genetic dynamics of some traits, regeneration system of tea plant and genetic transformation were investigated and some important achievements were obtained. Finally, the following suggestions were summed up: 1. The success of tea breeding mainly depended on the correct selection of the germplasm. 2. The investigation on the early-stage evaluation needs to be enhanced. 3. The spread of registered tea cultivars must be combined with the making of the famous tea. 4. The investigation on the tea breeding theory and new breeding technique must be strengthened.


The purpose of this research was to develop pork ball enriched with straw mushroom. The basic formula of pork ball was improved by using Ratio Profile Test technique, and then the developed pork ball enriched with straw mushroom was selected according to the optimum formula. The Mixture Design method with three variables, pork meat (0-85%), tapioca starch (5-10%) and straw mushroom (10-30%) were experimented. The product was analysed by sensory qualities, chemical properties, physical properties and microbial test. The results showed that the ratio of pork meat: tapioca starch : straw mushroom were 85:5:10. So the suitable formulae of pork ball enriched with straw mushroom composed of 70.82% pork meat, 4.17% tapioca starch, 8.33% straw mushroom, 13.40% ice, 1.45% salt, 0.67% garlic, 0.36% sodium tripoly-phosphate, 0.32% sugar, 0.32% pepper, 0.16% monosodium glutamate. While the amount of straw mushroom was increased, the firmness, toughness and sensory taste were decreased. Consumers acceptibilities for pork ball enriched with straw mushroom product were tested, they presented moderate preference. Characteristics of product were water activity = 0.958, hardness = 196.89 newton, protein = 17.10%, fat = 32.83% and fiber = 2.87%. The total microbial count was less than 1 × 10 ⁴ CFU/g.


Urgency. There is an urgent need to study the interactions in the Earth – atmosphere – ionosphere – magnetosphere system. To identify direct and reverse, positive and negative links among the subsystems, sources producing massive releases of energy are commonly used. In this paper, the Chuysk earthquakes whose Richter magnitudes vary from 4.5 to 7.3 are considered as such a source. The aim of this paper is to present the findings of studying a possible response of the geomagnetic field in the 1 – 1000-s period variations to the preparation and occurrence of the Chuysk earthquakes of September – October 2003. Techniques and Methodology. The measurements were carried out using the fluxgate magnetometer located at the V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University Geomagnetic Observatory. The sensitivity of the magnetometer is 0.5 – 500 pT in the 1 – 1000-s period range. The data processing was performed in three stages. First, the signals from the magnetometer, recorded in relative magnetometer units, were converted into absolute units, taking into account the magnetometer frequency response. Second, band-pass filtering was performed in the 1 – 10-s, 10 – 100-s, and 100 – 1000-s period ranges. Third, a system spectral analysis of time variations in the H- and D-components of the geomagnetic field was undertaken. Results: Forty three minutes and one-hundred-sixty-three minutes prior to the earthquake of Richter magnitude 7.3, quasi-periodic variations of the geomagnetic field were observed. These variations may be an earthquake magnetic precursor, and the mechanism of such a precursor has been described. After the earthquakes of Richter magnitudes 7.3, 6.7, and 7.0, quasi-periodic variations of the geomagnetic field were detected. Such variations may be caused by the perturbation transfer due to seismic waves with speeds in the 1.9 – 5.3-km/s range and owing to atmospheric gravity waves traveling with speeds in the 320- to 670-m/s range. On October 1, 2003, the changes in the character of the variations occurred with time delays of 0 to 5 min. If these variations were associated with earthquakes, the magnetohydrodynamic waves could act as an agent that transferred the disturbances. Conclusions: The moderate earthquakes are determined to be able to cause geomagnetic field disturbances recordable at distances of about 3,500 km from the epicenter.


Objective To extend the work of pharmacists,and establish a domestic medication history of cardiovascular diseases for patients and their family members with high-quality and effective pharmaceutical service. Methods The survey questionnaire was self-designed for a 'Grade Ⅲ Class A' Hospital and the community for a spot field investigation,then the medical professional requirements of domestic medication history for cardiovascular disease should be understood. Results 163 questionnaires were issued and received,4 of them were uncompleted because of the invalid content,so there was 159 valid questionnaires,and the effective response rate was 97.5%.The medical professional requirements of cardiovascular domestic medication history included basic information of holder,4 types of health-care knowledge guidance,the generic scale to determine the quality of universal treatment of patients,and self-inspection records and symptoms' records related treatment in family. Conclusion It had been set up the basic framework for the establishment of adaptable and professional cardiovascular domestic medication history by the investigation,in order to promote the development of pharmaceutical service with more specialization and full range.


During freelance work in the production industry, we noticed a need for an improved tripod leveling head. The goal of our product is to address this need by improving the currently manufactured designs. We have designed a product – the Autopod -that can level itself automatically at the push of a button. Currently, the market for existing products of this nature is dominated by a small handful of companies. Our conceptual design meets the major criteria desired by our targeted consumers. The Autopod is designed to use two motors and a pan head in order to provide a full range of motion. This new product is a cheaper, fully functioning alternative to the overpriced products currently available. Notes: __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________


Information has now become such an integral part of our global society, that its access is considered as a basic human right [1, 2]. Moreover, progress of rural and urban developing populations is also getting increasingly dependent upon access to information [3]. This is specifically applicable to Asia which houses the largest developing population. 32 out of 50 Asian countries are considered to be under-developed, having annual per capita income of less than $500 [4]. Access to information is thus critical for these countries.


tant condition. Clearly, the same holds true nowadays. The essays that more directly engage with issues of the relation between cinema and nation under globalisation are on Cuba, Tunisia, Hong Kong, and Burkina Faso. It thus seems that rather than size, it is experience of colonialism that renders "the national" and its articulation with cinema a fraught but also illuminating enterprise. The chapters on Cuba and Tunisia provide a thorough historical overview of those cinemas, along with a focus on some of the most aesthetically innovative aspects of their recent production. Particularly interesting in the case of Cuba is the relevance of filmmakers working beyond the territorial boundaries, yet producing a profoundly Cuban cinema in many respects, as well as the reflection on whether films "shot in Cuba" and that "tell Cuban stories and prominently feature wellknown Cuban actors" (186) should be counted as Cuban when directors and other crew members are from abroad. In Tunisia, the strategies devised by filmmakers to avoid censorship and develop multi-coded scripts that will address viewers at home as well as abroad are worth mentioning. The chapter on Burkina Faso complicates the relationship between cinema and nation for, while acknowledging cinema's usefulness as a tool for nation-building in a country where literacy is limited, the importance of regional (i.e. pan-African) identification is overwhelming, indeed often above and beyond that of the nation. Moreover, chronic dependence on foreign—mostly French—funding for filmmaking and the concomitant influence on artistic choices that this gives investors render African films at least partly Western in their former colonies. Nonetheless, although the very concept of the nation and the territorial boundaries of African nations are Western in origin—along with the technology of cinema—the meaning of a modern cultural identity for the African self is these days often played out on film, for instance in a film on the choices a young girl has to make between staying with her family in the mountains or going to the city to be educated (2078). Other ways national cinema may not quite fit the nation that produces it—either, as it were, exceeding it; or conversely, falling short of expressing its perceived distinctive features at a given point in time—is illustrated by Hong Kong. Here it is its ambiguous status as a part of some whole—the Chinese, but also the Western heritage of its recent history—that makes it "a cinema that perceives the nation from the point of view of the fragment" (117), not necessarily a disadvantage. In sum, although The Cinema of Small Nations does not really address issues of scale as such—a task which some chapters of Transnational Cinemas, Global Perspectives performs better—it does provide some extremely interesting case studies of filmmaking in a variety of contexts, highlighting the complex web of interactions that lies at the heart of the cultural exchanges that have allowed some cinemas to thrive and prosper while others have practically reached extinction. All in all, this is a timely, relevant book that combines thoughtful reflection with practical views on action that has proven effective in certain contexts. It should stimulate further discussion.


The purpose of this study was to evaluate colonic microbiota composition in response to a dietary zinc deficiency in mice. Male, 12‐wk‐old CD‐1 mice (n=5/ diet group) were fed a zinc adequate (ZA, 30.0 ppm) or a zinc deficient (ZD, 0.85 ppm) diet for 4 weeks. Transcript levels of colonic metallothionein (MT) and the zinc transporter (Zip4) were measured by qPCR as markers of zinc status. MT mRNA levels decreased by 0.55 fold (p=0.032) while Zip4 mRNA levels increased 2.88 fold (p=0.016). ZD mice didn't experience weight loss normally associated with deficiency. However, there was a difference in weight gain (6.9%± 1.6 vs. 3.6%± 1.1, p=0.01) in ZA and ZD mice, respectively. Microbiota composition was analyzed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis and 16S rRNA sequencing. Initial DGGE profiling suggested that ZA and ZD groups differed in intestinal microbiota composition. 454 based 16S rRNA sequencing identified various phylotypes that, at the level of 99% identity, showed significant differences (p≤0.05) between the two diet groups. Weighted UniFrac analysis of overall microbiota composition indicated that ZD grouped separately from ZA, suggesting that a 4‐week zinc deficient diet alters overall colon microbiota composition in mice. Sponsored by the University of Florida University Scholars Program


Goal: We want to remove differences in frequency response between different commercial hearing aids so that we can compare the sound quality of signal processing features from different hearing-aid in a future paired-comparison set-up. More specifically, we want to control for the confounding effects of the linear hearing aid response when evaluating nonlinear processing. This article presents a control procedure and evaluates its effectiveness. Method: We increased the similarity of hearing-aid recordings in three steps and used both an objective quality metric and listening tests to investigate if the recordings from different hearing aids were perceptually similar. Results: Neither was it sufficient to manually adjust the hearing-aid insertion gain, nor was it sufficient to add an additional bandwidth limitation to the recordings. Only after the application of an inverse filter the perceptual differences between recordings were removed adequately. Conclusion: It was possible to level the ground between different hearing devices, so to speak. This will allow future research to evaluate the sound quality of nonlinear signal processing features.


Further advancement of mineral processing technology can be facilitated by a more detailed understanding of multiphase particulate systems. Characterization, analysis, and simulation of these complex systems in 3D provide a fundamental basis for the development of improved mineral processing technology. In this regard, developments in X-ray computed tomography (CT) afford the opportunity for multiscale imaging of multiphase particulate systems in 3D and such developments include X-ray milli-, micro-, and nano-CT systems with voxel size resolution extending from the mm range down to 50 nm. During the past 10 years point-projection X-ray micro CT systems have been used for 3D visualization and quantitative analysis of multiphase particulate systems. Analysis of packed particle beds containing as many as 30,000 particles can be accomplished in less than 3 hours with special software to establish the 3D spatial characteristics of each multiphase particle in the population and the spatial organization of the packed particle bed. Now, due to advances in X-ray optics, the resolution afforded with point-projection micro CT systems has been improved by at least an order of magnitude using a lens-based X-ray micro CT system. The development of software tools for the 3D characterization, analysis, and simulation of packed particle beds using high resolution X-ray micro tomography (HRXMT) has been applied in areas of importance to mineral processing technology including comminution (particle damage and preferential grain boundary fracture), exposure/liberation analysis (liberation-limited grade/recovery curves and coal washability), and filtration/heap leaching (pore network structure of packed particle beds and simulated flow using the LB method of computational fluid dynamics). Considerable research progress has been made as described in the following publications. References 1. J.D. Miller, C.L. Lin and A.B. Cortes, "A Review of X-Ray Computed Tomography and Its Applications in Mineral Processing", Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review, 7 (1990) 1-18. 2. C. L. Lin, J. D. Miller and C. Garcia, "Saturated flow characteristics in column leaching as described by LB simulation", Mineral Engineering, Vol, 18 (2005) 1045-1051. 3. C.L. Lin and J.D. Miller, "3D characterization and analysis of particle shape using X-ray microtomograph (XMT)", Powder Technology, 154 (2005) 61-69. 4. X. Li, C.L. Lin, J.D. Miller and W.P. Johnson, "Pore-scale Observation of Microsphere Deposition at Grain-to-Grain Contacts over Assemblage-scale Porous Media Domains Using X-ray Microtomography", Environ. Sci. Technol., 40 (2006) 3762-3768. 5. X. Li, C.L. Lin, J.D. Miller and W.P. Johnson, "Role of Grain-to-Grain Contacts on Profiles of Retained Colloids in Porous Media in the Presence of an Energy Barrier to Deposition", Environ. Sci. Technol., 40, (2006) 3769-3774. 6. A. R. Videla, C.L. Lin and J.D. Miller, "Watershed Functions Applied to a 3D Image Segmentation Problem for the Analysis of Packed Particle Beds", Part. Part. Syst. Charact. 23 (2006) 237-245. 7. A.R. Videla, C.L. Lin and J.D. Miller, "3D Characterization of Individual Multiphase Particles in Packed Particle Beds by X-ray Microtomography (XMT)", International Journal of Mineral Processing, 84 (2007) 321-326. 8. M.C. Sukop, H. Huang, C.L. Lin, M.D. Deo, K. Oh, and J.D. Miller, "Distribution of Multiphase Fluids in Porous Media: Comparison between Lattice Boltzmann Modeling and Micro-x-ray Tomography," Physical Review E, 77(2) (2008) 026710-1-026710-7. 9. A.R. Videla, C.L. Lin, and J.D. Miller, "Simulation of Saturated Fluid Flow in Packed Particle Beds – The Lattice-Boltzmann Method for the Calculation of Permeability from XMT Images," Journal of the Chinese Institute of Chemical Engineers, 39 (2008) 117-128. 10. M.I. Al-Wakeel, C.L. Lin, and J.D. Miller, "Significance of Liberation Characteristics in the Fatty Acid Flotation of Florida Phosphate Rock," Minerals Engineering, 22(3) (2009) 244-253. 11. D. Garcia, C.L. Lin, and J.D. Miller, "Quantitative Analysis of Grain Boundary Fracture in the Breakage of Single Multiphase Particles using X-ray Microtomography Procedures," Minerals Engineering, 22(3) (2009) 236-243. 12. J.D. Miller and C.L. Lin, "High Resolution X-ray Micro CT (HRXMCT) – Advances in 3D Particle Characterization for Mineral Processing Operations," in Recent Advances in Mineral Processing Plant Design, D. Malhotra, P.R. Taylor, E. Spiller, and M. LeVier, eds., SME, Littleton, Colorado (2010) 48-59. 13. J.D. Miller, C.L. Lin, L. Hupka, and M.I. Al-Wakeel, "Liberation-Limited Grade/Recovery Curves from X-ray Micro CT Analysis of Feed Material for the Evaluation of Separation Efficiency," International Journal of Mineral Processing, 93 (2009) 48-53.


The implementation of warm mix asphalt (WMA) in Colorado was the focus of this presentation. Included in the process was the following: 1) as part of an experiment on Interstate-70, the use of WMA; 2) the formation of a WMA Task Force; 3) information gathering; 4) performance documentation; 5) a specification development; and 6) as an improved technology, the incorporation of WMA. The Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) initiated an experimental project in 2007 on I-70 running from the town of Silverthorne to the west end of the Eisenhower Tunnel. Advera, Sasobit, and Evotherm, three WMA technologies, were used. A WMA Task Force was formed in 2009 to do the following: 1) develop the submittal criteria and approval process for WMA technologies; and 2) develop/modify specifications to allow WMA on CDOT projects. Current research efforts to guide the WMA requirements was used by the task force. Considerations for volumetric property adjustments and reduced aging were included. In order to allow for binder blending with recycled asphalt pavement (RAP). The use of any approved WMA technology as desired by the contractor (subject to any stated restrictions) is allowed by the revised specification. The CDOT currently has a list of nine WMA technologies that have been approved. A summary of the implementation process was presented at the conclusion of this presentation. In order to introduce WMA locally, pilot projects were used. For WMA approval and project acceptance, criteria were developed. In developing specifications, benefits and risks expected from WMA were considered, such as increased haul distances, reduced emissions, improved compaction, and extended paving season. There will be regular re-evaluations of specifications.


The majority of criticisms, which deal with W or the childhood memory of Georges Perec, interpreted the Olympic company, W as a metaphor for the Nazi concentration camps, an indirect expression of biographical fiction. Dissociation between the concept of sport and that of play, which in Perec's vision constitutes the basis on which he organizes his Olympians and the Olympic Games, inspires an angle of research for us which enables us to read this writer's novel like poetic art.


Software project failure has directly and indirectly cost trillions of dollars over the past fifty years. The reasons for failure are many. Recently, we began investigating methods for software project forensic analysis in order to develop principles and practices that would enable better understanding why, when, where, how, and what causes software project failure. This paper examines some of the issues and challenges in performing forensic analysis of failing or failed software projects. We propose an initial model based on this first analysis to assist in critically evaluating potential causes and assessing the potential for failure.


The group index, instead of the effective index, is used to analyze the performance of a Si3N4–SiO2 slot-waveguide microring refractive index sensor [Opt. Lett. 32, 3080 (2007)]. Assuming that the slot is fully filled with liquid, excellent agreement is found between experimental results and calculations.


The oxygen stores of the body are limited, and the margin of safety during hypoxia is small. Hypoxia causes acidosis and the release of catecholamines from peripheral nerve endings and the adrenal glands (Von Euler and Lishajko, 1963; Hatcher and Jennings, 1966; Nahas et al., 1967). Increases in the concentrations of circulating catecholamines increase further the demand for oxygen and perpetuate the downhill spiral. (J-Adrenergic antagonists compete for catecholamine receptor sites, and in normoxic patients—both with and without coronary artery disease—propranolol has been shown to inhibit stress-induced ischaemia by reducing myocardial oxygen consumption (Wolfson and Gorlin, 1969). Propranolol stabilizes cell membranes (Davis and Temte, 1968), and this protective effect may improve oxygen utilization and cell viability during hypoxia. The purpose of this study was to quantitate the effects of severe hypoxia on whole body oxygen consumption and oxygen utilization, and to determine whether propranolol, by altering these effects, might increase the margin of safety during hypoxia.


Model estimation can be used to rebuild a wide-band system response from a reduced number of data samples. A particular case is the computation of rational polynomials with order as reduced as possible, using the Cauchy method. This technique can be used to speed up the numerical computation of electromagnetic responses, or as a fitting technique to find models from measured samples. When only finite numerical precision is available, the usual Cauchy method (see Adve, R.S. et al., IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol.45, p.837-45, 1997) is applicable only to low order systems. A Krylov subspace method (Lanczos) is used to solve this limitation, making possible the use of higher order models.


Surface temperature of specimen consisted of complex material contained flow accoding to theory of heat transfer are calculated. The computation results that surface temperature difference of bounding on silicon wafers versus different depth of defect and heating time are given.The methods for testing delamination in complex material are introduced.


Longitudinal and lateral vehicle velocities are the important information for active vehicle stability control. But for both technical and economical reasons, these vehicle states can not be measured directly in a standard car. In order to provide high precision vehicle velocities information for active stability control system, a mixed EKF is presented to estimate the longitudinal and lateral vehicle velocities, which is suitable for continuous state variables with discrete observation. To offer the necessary tyre-road forces information for estimating vehicle velocities, a random walk model is proposed to model the tyre-road forces. It could avoid the complex tyre-road force model effectively. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed mixed EKF, the simulation are carried out in the ISO double lane change condition and slalom condition with the parameters of Hongqi vehicle CA7180A3E. Meanwhile, estimation results are compared with the vehicle dynamics software veDYNA. Simulation results show that the introduced mixed EKF method has perfectly high precision and could satisfy the requirement of active vehicle stability control system.


According to Kant's assurance argument, I am not bound in the state of nature to restrain myself from violating your rights, for I cannot be confident that you will similarly restrain yourself when it comes to my rights. Our status as equals requires that, if I am to be bound to respect your rights, I must have assurance that you will similarly respect mine, and this assurance is something that can only be provided by some entity whose coercive power over us is not only clearly dominant over us both but also directed at us equally. I argue that Kant's assurance argument provides the basis for an important challenge to the American legal system's claim to legitimate authority. This is, in one sense, a surprising result, since Kant is infamous for holding a particularly undemanding conception of legitimacy. I use the example of wage and hour laws: though the law define a worker's wage rights, the legal system fails to enforce them against employers, thus leaving the worker without the assurance of the security of her rights that, on Kant's assurance argument, she is entitled as a free and equal citizen.


CB1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST AM-251: EFFECT ON SPATIAL MEMORY IN MALE MICE by Brannon Micheal Green Master of Arts in Psychology Psychological Science Option California State University, Chico Summer 2009 The current study investigated the effect of the endocannabinoid system on spatial memory in mice. We hypothesized that a cannabinoid antagonist would have a negative impact on spatial memory retrieval and reacquisition by interrupting normal cannabinoid activity associated with these spatial memory functions. C57BL/6 male mice were brought to criterion on the Morris Water Maze and acutely treated with either the antagonist or vehicle, and were retested on the Morris Water Maze to assess retrieval. Half of these mice were then chronically treated with the antagonist, vehicle or saline. Latency times on the Morris Water Maze were compared over 10 days to evaluate the effect on memory reacquisition. The cannabinoid antagonist had a small, but statistically significant, negative impact on retrieval, although it did not significantly affect


Introduction: Ozone exposure is becoming an increasingly important public health problem especially under climate change. We conducted a panel study including 186 ten-year-old schoolchildren, a rep...


Objects:To investigate a three level of first class hospital about the usage of antimicrobial agents in patients for 7 years to select antimicrobial agents that provides a reational guidance for clinical.Methods:To analyse and then to make a statistics on drugs in patients with type,gauge,drug use frequency,the sum and th e avertage daily cost(DDC) of this hospital from 2008 to 2014.Results:In 7 years,commonly used antimicrob ial agents for patients are cephalosporin class,penicillin,quinolone and antinoglycoside.Conclusions:The use ge of the antibacterial drugs is basically reasonable in this hospital but the hospitalized patients have a high ch oosing points of selecting medicine.For this point,it's easy to cause anti--medical efforts if they take a long--term using the same antimicrobial agents.So it should be controlled more powerfully.


The purpose of this study was to improve and produce the result namely the teaching method passingBasketball uses the card task in studiying of sport lesson for Yunior High School students of sport education.The improving procedure that used by some steps ; 1) To analyze the result that will be improved, 2) Toimprove the first result (the teaching method passing Basketball uses the card task), 3) The expert validationusing one sportsman and two teachers, 4) A try out the field by a small group (34 students) and a big group (64students), 5) To resive and improve the result. The using instrument is to know the result quality by 1 )Quesionnaires from a sportman, 2) The data of the artery beat getting before and after studying, 3) Theresponse quesionnaire of psychomotori, cognitive, and affective of the student by questionnaire, 4) Themonitoring of the base tecnique effective that is used in the result namely chest pass, bounce pass, and verheadpass. The Using conslusion of the teaching result of Passing Basketball uses the card task in studying of sportlesson from Yunior Haigh School student gives the influence of teh physic intensity of student, can solve tehproblem, it i teh limitedness of instrument and infrastucture at school , can solve teh limitedness of the teachingtime and give the coordination aexperience of complex gesture from the student.


---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract The conventional slabs have proven to be heavy structures, with larger depths of beams covering most of the storey height. The flat slabs have been replacing the conventional slabs due to their functional and aesthetical advantages. The use of flat slabs in structures has lead to reduction in storey height, ease of construction and cost effective technology. However, the higher flexibility of flat slabs has resulted in their inability to sustain earthquake loads. The present study involves the evaluation of the nonlinear seismic behaviour of various flat slab structures when circular columns are provided. Specific investigation on the behaviour of seven storey building models is considered. All the buildings are assumed to be located in seismic zone III. The medium soil stratum is chosen for the study. The buildings are modelled as bare frame and brick infill frame models. The pushover analysis is performed considering parameters of FEMA 440, with user defined hinge properties. The analysis is performed using ETABS 2013 V13.2. The hinge status, ductility ratio, safety ratio and global stiffness are studied to assess performance of the models.


Prior studies which have examined knowledge management-firm performance relationship have mainly focused on firms from industrialized countries. This is one of the first few studies that have explicitly modeled and empirically tested the linkage between knowledge management (KM) and firm performance in a developing country context. Based on a postal survey, 171 usable questionnaires are returned from firms under Chinapsilas transitional background. Using structural equation modeling (SEM), the moderating effect of market orientation (MO) on the relationship between KM and firm performance is investigated. The research results indicate that KM can positively and significantly affect performance. Meanwhile, MO has positive and significant interaction effect with KM on firm performance. Because there is little written on the use of MO as a moderator to explore the impact of KM on firm performance, this paper provides a basis for future studies. The implications and limitations are also discussed.


In the literature, a variety of approaches have been used to calculate demand elasticities in almost ideal demand system (AIDS) models of demand. It is common to estimate the linear approximate almost ideal demand system (LA/AIDS) instead of the AIDS. When the LA/AIDS is estimated, all of the previously reported approaches to compute elasticities are theoretically incorrect. This paper presents correct formulas for LA/AIDS elasticities and illustrates the potential errors from using incorrect computing formulas.


This investigation is aimed at exploring the mobilization and sources of Fe, Mn, and As in aquifers through geochemical characterization, spatial analysis, and statistical approaches. Analytical results showed that the average concentrations of Fe (10.17 mg/L) and Mn (3.6 mg/L) crossed the guideline value but not As in all samples. In this study, the elevated levels of dissolved organic carbon, salinity, total hardness, and log10 pCO2; the lower value of dissolved oxygen; and some oxidizing groups of samples influence the reductive environment of Fe and Mn weathering. The investigation illustrated that the source of both metals on the upper platform is consolidated silty soil and aquifer sediment, whereas, in the river valley, they originate from Fe and Mn-bearing nodules in the rich clay layer and tidal mud. In addition, the frequent fluctuation of river flow, excess water mining, and an unbalanced recharge/discharge ratio are the causes of higher concentrations of both metals. The correlation matrix and factor analysis of Fe and Mn with redox-sensitive water variables confirmed that a favourable reductive situation fosters the Fe and Mn release process. Studies have also shown the significant possibility of forming a metal complex with organic and inorganic substances. The higher dissolution of Fe and Mn minerals causes As to be adsorbed on them, leading to less release of As into groundwater. This investigation provides a basis for the rational use of groundwater and the defense of public health in zones with high Fe and Mn contents.


Abstract An oft-cited result of Peter Shiu bounds the mean value of a nonnegative multiplicative function over a coprime arithmetic progression. We prove a variant where the arithmetic progression is replaced by a sifted set. As an application, we show that the normalized square roots of −1 (mod m) are equidistributed (mod 1) as m runs through the shifted primes q − 1.


We highlight refinement of a bijection given by Sheila Sundaram in her PhD thesis. The framework allows for comparison to a late conjecture of Naito-Sagaki. We give an injection of the set of dominant paths for this model into the corresponding set of Littlewood-Richardson Sundaram tableaux, which is not surjective. We relate this to the refinement of the aforementioned bijection.


This report concerns the faunal remains excavated from the Gibbs House Site in Knox County, Tennessee. This site was excavated by Dr. Charles H. Faulkner of the University of Tennessee in five field seasons between 1987 and 1991. The animal bones were examined at the University of Tennessee, Department of Anthropology's Zooarchaeology Laboratory. Faunal remains were excavated from a number of deposits that dated from the late-eighteenth century up to the tum of the nineteenth century. The total assemblage was divided into, early, middle, and late period samples in order to examine changes in diet over time. The largest sample, made up of 3,310 bones, dated to the late-eighteenth century. The second faunal sample from this site dated to the early nineteenth century, but comprised only 535 bones. The third assemblage was slightly larger, with a total of 569 bones. The latter collection was fr�m mid-to-late nineteenth century contexts. Species represented in the assemblages did not change very much over time, nor did their relative importance. Pigs were far and away the most important species in all time periods, followed by cattle and chickens. Domestic mammals were dominant even in the frontier period assemblage. Native fauna incorporated into the Gibbs' diet included, among others, white-tailed deer, squirrels, turkeys, opossums, raccoons, and Canada geese. Wild animals played a small role in this dietary strategy; from the early to the late times native fauna always made up only about 10 percent of the identified species. Butchering methods remained very similar over most of the time represented by the deposits, but did change around the tum of the nineteenth century. Similarly, dumping patterns remained similar in character over much of the time, but were altered late in the nineteenth century.


This chapter sketches some of the recurrent themes that run through the equitable mechanisms of fixed and discretionary trusts and powers of appointment. It considers the matter of beneficial entitlement and ownership, which raises questions regarding the nature of the rights in the fund enjoyed by the potential objects of allocation. Next, the chapter shows how trusts must be for the benefit of legal persons and not merely for the object of carrying out purposes. Although purpose trusts are not, as a general rule, valid, it is often the case that owners wish to allocate their property to purposes rather than to specific individuals. The law provides that certain purposes are charitable and gifts and trusts for these purposes are valid, even though there are no beneficiaries as such. The chapter also discusses certainty and the duty to act even-handedly.


Much anecdotal evidence suggests that the market's over-emphasis on firms' short-term earnings performance induces managerial myopic R&D investments behavior. However, empirical studies that directly address the impacts of myopic R&D cuts on firms' long-term profitability are limited. This paper examines such impacts by testing whether the likelihood for R&D intensive firms to experience slower earnings growth is increased subsequent to myopic R&D cuts. The findings suggest that firms with myopic R&D cuts, as compared to those with non-myopic R&D cuts or abnormal increases in R&D spending, are significantly more likely to experience a slowdown in earnings growth after controlling past myopic R&D investment decisions, the changes in the economic growth, and the market's expectation of future performance. The negative impact is more pronounced for high-tech firms. The results highlight the economic consequence of the trade-off that managers face when they under-invest in R&D to meet short-term earnings targets.


We investigate the response of colloidal flocks to external fields. We first show that individual colloidal rollers align with external flows as would a classical spin with magnetic fields. Assembling polar active liquids from colloidal rollers, we experimentally demonstrate their hysteretic response: confined colloidal flocks can proceed against external flows. We theoretically explain this collective robustness, using an active hydrodynamic description, and show how orientational elasticity and confinement protect the direction of collective motion. Finally, we exploit the intrinsic bistability of confined active flows to devise self-sustained microfluidic oscillators.