Purpose

The main purpose of this paper is to develop a methodology to analyze the competitiveness based on the diamond model and constructing a composite index; the secondary aim is to apply this methodology to the national index of Turkey's defense industry.

Design/methodology/approach

Instead of providing the results based only on diamond, a composite index study was carried out. The collected variables were distributed using subject-groups under determinants via an expert opinion survey. The variables were analyzed with alternative methods of imputation, normalization and aggregation. Factor analysis (FA) was performed with the aggregated values of each subject to find the years' clusters.

Findings

Turkey's diamond model indicated an improvement in defense industry between 1998-2010. And, FA revealed the clusters as 1998-2000, 2001-2007, 2008-2010. It was found that Turkey had an advantage in demand conditions but needs to give higher importance to factor conditions. In addition, the key provisions were catered to the issues related to government and the defense industry.

Research limitations/implications

Turkey's competitiveness structure between 1998-2010 were researched.

Originality/value

This study provides a qualitative approach of the composite index to the quantitative side of the diamond model.


In this paper we consider a mathematical model of the diffusion process for nonmetal materials immersed into liquids. A method for determination of the diffusion coefficient characterizing the evolution process of liquid penetration into the non metal body is established. A practical example illustrating the method is considered.


Summary Rheumatic heart disease is highly prevalent and associated with substantial morbidity and mortality in many resourcepoor areas of the world, including sub-Saharan Africa.Primary and secondary prophylaxis with penicillin has beenshown to significantly improve outcomes and is recognisedto be the standard of care, with intra-muscular benzathine penicillin G recommended as the preferred agent by many technical experts. However, ensuring compliance with therapyhas proven to be challenging. As part of a public–privatepartnership initiative in Zambia, we conducted an educationaland access-to-medicine programme aimed at increasing appropriate use of benzathine penicillin for the preventionand management of rheumatic heart disease, according tonational guidelines. The programme was informed early onby identification of potential barriers to the administration ofinjectable penicillin, which included concern by health workers about allergic events. We describe this programme andreport initial signs of success, as indicated by increased useof benzathine penicillin. We propose that a similar approach may have benefits in rheumatic heart disease programmes in other endemic regions.


The article presents statistical indicators characterizing the development of the hotel sector of the North Caucasus Federal District in the period from 2017 to 2021. The study allows us to characterize the impact of restrictions associated with the coronavirus pandemic on the change in quantitative indicators of the state of collective accommodation facilities in the region.


Focuses on the applications of fuzzy set theory as a tool for the construction of multi‐criteria decision functions from specifications expressed in natural language. Starting with the ability to represent individual criteria satisfactions in terms of membership of fuzzy subsets, shows how different types of linguistic specifications are implemented. Consideration is given to the representation of trade‐offs between criteria, quantifier‐guided aggregations, conditioned criteria and possibilistically qualified criteria.


Regardless of whether a project team is located in the same workplace or distributed around the world, trust remains an important element deemed necessary to facilitate knowledge sharing and collaborative work. At the same time, distribution across sites presents challenges to trust building that are not present among co-located teams. A further complicating factor in trust building among distributed teams is national culture. As we demonstrate, the impact of nationality can be increased when organizations put the distributed sites in a competitive frame. Using the Newell and Swan threefold typology of trust, this paper analyzes trust among IT work teams whose members are located at sites that are distributed in the United States, Ireland, and India. Our case analysis confirms the problematic nature of trust building among globally distributed teams. Specifically, we found that due to situational factors and socio-psychological dynamics an 'Us versus Them' attitude prevails among the distributed sites. This paper concludes that the traditional approaches used by organizations to address the challenges of global collaboration are insufficient and that trust building in an organizational setting requires project managers to actively work on relationship management to minimize the impact of an inter-group perspective. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


2 Chairman Lieberman, Ranking Member Collins, and distinguished Members of the Committee, thank you for the opportunity to testify before you today. This first in a series of hearings looking both back at what has been accomplished and ahead to what remains to be done in the area of homeland security is a prudent and thoughtful approach. While a host of constructive and valuable changes to policy and practice have been formulated and implemented in the decade plus since 9/11, there remain important gaps and shortfalls in our homeland and national security posture and readiness. Though we do not often laud those individuals, such as yourselves, who have remained steadfast and dedicated to the cause of improving the safety and security of Americans day in, day out, for years—even when the public mind and public opinion may have made the task more challenging than it already was—it bears remembering that we have made significant strides and in a relatively short period of time. Having said that, some significant shortcomings still exist, and some of these are more urgent than others to remedy or at least redress in part. My remarks today will focus on two major areas: counterterrorism and cybersecurity. My approach, which I hope will be helpful, is to identify weaknesses and vulnerabilities in U.S. strategy and operations on both counts—with an eye to offering recommendations on how best to move forward, particularly in an economic climate in which resources are limited. Indeed, to the extent that we can derive greater bang for our buck, it is our shared responsibility to do so. What I would urge against however, is a more broadbrush approach (from a financial perspective) which runs the risk of privileging convenience over thoughtful strategic action, and may thereby do damage to our national/homeland security posture, even if inadvertently. Blunt cuts are simply not the answer. Instead we should prune and trim carefully, by prioritizing according to risk, by allowing good programs to live, and by taking off life support those programs that should rightfully expire. Counterterrorism As many counterterrorism officials have observed recently, al Qaeda's Senior Leadership is back on their heels. Key leaders have met their demise including, of course, Usama Bin Laden and Anwar al-Awlaki. Nevertheless, the ideology that Bin Laden and others such as the culturally fluent American-born extremist and self-styled cleric al-Awlaki have propounded lives on. This ideology is the lifeblood …


'Ali Sa'id, SRN 102300916,"Relationship Between PQ4R Strategy (Preview, Question, Read, Reflect, Recite & Review) To The Students' Learning Interest" (A Correlation Study at the Second grade of MTs Al-Barokah Pasirjaya, Kota Tangerang)
PQ4R strategy is a techniqueof learning to help students understand and remember the material by reading and can help the learning process in the classroom activities that carried out by reading a book. However, most research has not considered the effect of teaching through PQ4R strategy on students' learning comprehension.
The present of this paper is to prove whether it has an effect or not. Therefore, it attempts to answer the research questions: 1.)How is the application of PQ4R strategy in learning activity?, 2.) How is the students' learning interest in the English studies at the second grade of MTs Al-Barokah Pasirjaya, Kota Tangerang?, 3.) How is the influence of PQ4R strategy on students' learning interest in the English studies in MTs Al-Barokah Pasirjaya, Kota Tangerang?.
It also attempts to reach some goalssuch 1.) To find out the application of PQ4R strategy in the English language study at MTs Al-Barokah Pasirjaya, Kota Tangerang, 2.) To find out the students' learning interest through PQ4R strategy in the English studies at second grade of MTs Al-Barokah Pasirjaya, Kota Tangerang3.) To find out the effectiveness of the PQ4R strategy on students' learning interest in the English study.
A descriptive research is a research method that seeks to describe and interpret the objects according to what as it is, and the subject of this study is just one class consisting of 29 students as a sample. While questionnaire and documentation are the research instruments to gain a significant data of this study.
The research findings indicate that there were statistically difference between students' tests performance. The writer found that the influence of PQ4R learning strategies (variable x) to the students' learning interest (variable y) is 16 %, while the rest are at 84 % influenced by other factors that can affect students' interest in reading, such as factor internal review of physiological or psychological aspects of students, and external factors, namely factor family, school and community.


This work deals with the problem of guiding a controlled object to a given target set in a three-dimensional configuration space in the presence of wind with an uncertain spatiotemporal velocity field. The proposed guidance law uses (imperfect) measurements of the velocity of the local wind along the ensuing path of the controlled object to a given target set. No information about the velocity gradients (temporal and spatial) of the wind is assumed to be available. The development of the proposed guidance feedback law is based on the use of a backstepping algorithm that forces the controlled object to follow closely the motion of a lower-order kinematic model that is driven by a pure pursuit navigation law. In this way, the controlled object converges to its target set in finite time. Two kinematic models that describe the motion of the controlled object are considered. In the first model, the rate of change of the air velocity of the controlled object is unconstrained, whereas in the second one, it has t...


Clusters of galaxies, the largest bound objects in the Universe, constitute a cosmological probe of choice, which is sensitive to both dark matter and dark energy. Within this framework, the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect has opened a new window for the detection of clusters of galaxies and for the characterization of their physical properties such as mass, pressure and temperature. NIKA, a KID-based dual band camera installed at the IRAM 30-m telescope, was particularly well adapted in terms of frequency, angular resolution, field-of-view and sensitivity, for the mapping of the thermal and kinetic SZ effect in high-redshift clusters. In this paper, we present the NIKA cluster sample and a review of the main results obtained via the measurement of the SZ effect on those clusters: reconstruction of the cluster radial pressure profile, mass, temperature and velocity.


This doctoral thesis presents a collection of six scientific papers, which have been published in peer-reviewed scientific journals, in the field of real-time environmental radioactivity detection. After the contributions of this thesis, the automatic real-time environmental radiation surveillance network of Catalonia provides new and better radiological information. This was achieved thanks to the development and calibration of three types of radioactivity monitors using gamma-ray spectrometry, either with NaI(Tl) or LaBr3(Ce) detectors, which permit the real-time identification and quantification of radioactive isotope content in water and in air. In the thesis, details on general calibration methodologies can be found. The mentioned developments as well as their specific calibrations are also discussed. For each monitor, an evaluation of their measurement capabilities is also performed.


As you will see, all three referees acknowledge the potential interest of the findings. However, all three referees have raised a number of concerns and suggestions to improve the manuscript or to strengthen the data and the conclusions drawn. In particular point 2 by referee #1 is important and needs to be addressed experimentally. In general, the data on the N25-STAT2 interaction need to be strengthened (see also referee #3), as well as on the proteasomal degradation of STAT2 (referee #2, point 3). Point 3 of referee #1 needs to be addressed, if such animals are available, as well as the last point of referee #2, that is on a similar line (i.e. more evidence needs to be provided that shows why ZIKV cannot antagonize murine STAT2).


This article presents a new nonstatistical mathematical approach to modeling marital interaction by means of nonlinear difference equations. The application made of this modeling process in this article is to generate theory in order to understand J. M. Gottman and R. W. Levenson's (1992) report of the ability of one variable derived from a balance view of marital interaction to predict marital dissolution in a prospective study. Parameters are introduced that reflect uninfluenced husband and wife set points, emotional inertia, and influence function. These parameters are subjected to various examinations of validity with other data that reflect patterns of marital interaction and the cascade toward marital dissolution. Results suggest the hypothesis that unstable marriages are characterized at Time 1 by a mismatch in husband and wife influence functions. The modeling method makes it possible to fit a couple's equations under one set of conditions, then to simulate the couple's interaction under different conditions, and then to conduct experiments to test the validity of these simulations. The method provides a new approach toward the building of theory in family psychology. This article introduces a new approach to the modeling of social interaction using the mathematics of difference and differential equations. These equations express, in mathematical form, a proposed mechanism of change over time. They do not represent a statistical approach to modeling; rather they are designed to suggest a precise mechanism of change. This method has been used with great success in the biological sciences (Murray, 1989). The method is usually a quantitative approach that requires the modeler to be able to write down in mathematical form, on the basis of some theory, the causes of change in the dependent variables. For example, in the classic predator-prey problem, a modeler writes down that the rate of change in the population densities is some function of the current densities (e.g., Murray, 1989). Although this


We present a theoretical and experimental study on an active micromixer. The mixer consists of a main mixing channel where the main flow is perturbated by jet flows emanating from a series of secondary channels in order to reorient the lamination from streamwise to cross-stream. Experiments were performed by oscillating the flow through the first pair of secondary channels. The mixing is studied numerically and experimentally by analyzing the flow visualizations. The mixing is characterized using the Mixing Variance Coefficient function which is defined in this paper. The 3-D flow is studied numerically and an optimization is presented.Copyright © 2003 by ASME


This special issue revisits the relationship between women, work and technology, focusing specifically on gender equity in information technology (IT) employment. Along with theoretical contestation over the broader relationship between gender and technology, arguments about the prospects for women in IT employment have ranged from optimistic to pessimistic extremes. On the one hand, optimists have envisaged a more gender-egalitarian workforce based on new occupations lacking traditional gender markers, and 'young' firms offering positive flexibilities and equal employment opportunity protections. On the other hand, pessimists anticipate that ongoing male dominance over tedmology and competitive pressures in the IT sector will ensure that the most prestigious and highly rewarded jobs remain concentrated in male hands, even as teclmologies and jobs are themselves transformed.


This paper proposes a universal auxiliary commutation circuit for PWM inverters named the zero current and zero voltage transition (ZCZVT) commutation cell. It provides zero current and zero voltage commutation, simultaneously, during main power devices turn-on and turnoff, with limited di/dt and dv/dt. As a result, the commutations of the main power devices occur truly without losses. Furthermore, reverse recovery losses of main diodes are minimized, and auxiliary switches commutate at zero current. A brief review of soft switching topologies applied to inverters is presented. In this review, focussed on pole-commutated inverters, the basic operating principle of the main zero voltage transition (ZVT) and zero current transition (ZCT) inverter topologies are discussed and most important features are identified. The operation of a ZCZVT PWM full-bridge inverter is analyzed and experimental results are presented. These results confirm that there is no overlap between main switch current and voltage and the waveforms ringing are practically eliminated, which possibly reduces high frequency EMI.


CeO(2) catalysts catalyze the reaction of methanol with low pressure CO(2) to form dimethyl carbonate and the reaction was promoted by the combination with acetonitrile hydration over CeO(2).


The Baolun gold deposit is a large mesothermal quartz vein deposit. The ores are mainly of quartz vein type and less commonly of alteration type. The dominant metallic minerals are pyrite and pyrrhotite with more than 20 subordinate metallic minerals. The gangue minerals include quartz, calcite, sericite and chlorite. Gold minerals are dominantly native gold and subordinately Au, Bi and Ag solutions, which contain 8.20-99.30% Au, ≤52.71% Ag and ≤91.20% Bi. The bismuth and tellurium minerals include native metals, sulfides, bismuthides, sulphosalts and tellurides. Gold ore contains 0.18-16×10-6 Bi, with an average of 4.11×10-6, and the rich ore contains as high as 419×10-6 Bi. This Au deposit belongs to a special Bi-rich hydrothermal vein type, displaying some similarities to Au deposits in the Gezhen shear zone on western Hainan Island. Similar bismuthiferous gold deposits occur on the continental side.They are genetically related to magmatism and ductile-brittle faulting.


Chicana Matters Series focuses on one of the largest population groups in the United States today, documenting the lives, values, philosophies, and artistry of contemporary Chicanas. Books in this series may be richly diverse, reflecting the experiences of Chicanas themselves, and incorporating a broad spectrum of topics and fields of inquiry. Cumulatively, the books represent the leading knowledge and scholarship in a significant and growing field of research and, along with the literary works, art, and activism of Chicanas, underscore their significance in the history and culture of the United States. iCHICANA POWER!


In the paper the author considers the adults education in the context of continuous learning for making possible the personal development, defines the terms of continuous learning and continuous education. To the author's mind the development of adults education leads to essential changes in the modern education system, in formal and traditional education and creation of new kinds of education for people in different age


This thesis explores and analyses the evolution of social insurance in Cyprus from 1878-2004 and those factors that led to its development. In order to provide a comprehensive view the study begins with the arrival of the British in Cyprus in 1878 after 300 years of Ottoman occupation.
This study includes an analysis of the labour movement which spearheaded the campaign for the introduction of social insurance. Both the labour movement and the British colonists are considered as significant players in the story of introducing social insurance in Cyprus. The labour movement acted as a source of pressure in its campaign for improved social welfare whilst the British created as many obstacles as possible against such a development. In addition, the study illustrates the social conditions of the general population but with particular emphasis on the older population, the group most affected by a lack of social insurance. This emphasis includes a detailed study and analysis of the role of elderly people and their movement in their campaign for improved pensions.
The thesis is divided into five chronological periods with each having its own significance in the evolution of social insurance. The analysis in each chronological period illustrates the events and the outcomes of its introduction and the turbulent and dramatic course of its evolution as well as its significance in supporting workers and pensioners. The study is based on a documentary research method utilising various primary and secondary sources as well as oral history interviews with eight key persons in the area of social insurance, the labour movement and the older people's movement. The study also makes use of the work of seven authors from different areas of expertise and at different points in time. The conclusions of the thesis indicate that social insurance in Cyprus was not a state 'creation' but, instead, the outcome of persistent campaigns from ordinary people struggling against the odds.
Finally, the thesis concludes with the accession of Cyprus to the European Union (EU) in 2004 where any future developments in social policy will be shaped and regulated by the decisions and guidelines of the European Union.


The antiferromagnetic (AF) compound MnBi$_{2}$Te$_{4}$ is suggested to be the first realization of an antiferromagnetic (AF) topological insulator. Here we report on inelastic neutron scattering studies of the magnetic interactions in MnBi$_{2}$Te$_{4}$ that possess ferromagnetic (FM) triangular layers with AF interlayer coupling. The spin waves display a large spin gap and pairwise exchange interactions within the triangular layer are frustrated due to large next-nearest neighbor AF exchange. The degree of frustration suggests proximity to a variety of magnetic phases, potentially including skyrmion phases, that could be accessed in chemically tuned compounds or upon the application of symmetry-breaking fields.


PurposeThe study analyses how management control supports the organisation's response to the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.Design/methodology/approachVideo interviews with top and middle-level managers who were directly involved in handling the response to the COVID-19 crisis in late winter and spring 2020 form the empirical base. The object-of-control framework and the distinction between organic and mechanistic management controls inform the exploratory case analysis of a large food retail cooperative in Italy.FindingsBoth organic and mechanistic management control mechanisms enabled an immediate response and management of the crisis. The use of cultural, action and results controls supported employees' health and safety coordination, a tight monitoring of financial performance and social interventions in support of the local community.Originality/valueThe study provides original exploratory insights on the use and role of management control in the context of an unprecedented emergency and an unplanned setting (i.e. a pandemic crisis), which is an under-investigated topic in the accounting literature. The study shows how management control operated, linking moral and technical aspects as well as facilitating organisational adaptation and pandemic effects mitigation.


Transmission electron microscopic studies of eosinophil of horse, dog, pig and rabbit were carried out on six apparently healthy animals of each species. Ultrastructurally the eosinophils appeared round to oval in shape with few, short and narrow cytoplasmic processes in horse, oval with numerous long and wide cytoplasmic processes in dog and round with thin and broad small cytoplasmic processes in pig. While in rabbit it was round to oval in shape with long cytoplasmic processes. The nucleus had two to three lobes in all the animals. In all the four species it was observed that the heterochromatin was concentrated towards the periphery. Granules were mostly oval in outline and more or less similar in shape and size in horse while in dog the granules were rounded in shape and medium sized. In pig the double membrane bound cytoplasmic granules were roughly rounded to oval in shape and distributed throughout the cytoplasm. The granules in rabbit were mostly oval in outline and more or less similar in dimension. Cell organelles were clearly visible in the cytoplasm of horse while poorly visible in dog, pig and rabbit.


'Compact', 'Complex' and 'Cost effective' are the three important 'C's in today's electronics era. Scaling down of devices is occurring at an exponentially fast rate resulting in increased integration density of chip which brings about unprecedented complexities in the fabrication process. The conventional device structures are not able to withstand the miniaturization of dimensions due to a number of limitations like increase in power consumption, leakage current, subthreshold swing, short channel effects etc. The Tunnel FET is a very efficient solution to the problems and can be used for low power applications. Band gap engineering is considered so as to increase drain current at the same time reducing leakage current. The Si-Ge TFET is found to be insensitive to temperature and there is an improvement in on current. The simulation tool used is Sentaurus TCAD with the help of which output characteristic, energy band diagram and various parameters like electric field, electrostatic potential, current density and lattice temperature are obtained.


Growth and yield measurements were made in tomato crops grown for many months in two modern greenhouses in the Auckland region. The measurements were based on the methodology used to predict crop yield in northern hemisphere crops. Ten plants per treatment was a sufficiently large sample to demonstrate significant differences. Obtaining data was not costly. The measurements describe the amount of crop growth and yield as well as the growers' crop management practices. Additional keywords: Auckland region, Flavourine, Conqueror.


In the global system for mobile communications (GSM) Phase 2+ development, one of the most attractive aspects is the support of general packet radio service (GPRS). GPRS supports data services to GSM users, sharing on a dynamic and flexible basis between packet data services and other GSM services. The paper describes the different aspects to be considered when integrating the GPRS technology in a GSM network, particularily from the PLMN (public land mobile network) operator point of view. Key concepts of GPRS are explained in terms of network architecture interfaces and protocols. Further, an overall description of different interconnection aspects that the PLMN operator has to consider, dealing with technologies and protocols typical of fixed data networks, from frame relay in the access network to IP in the backbone network is presented.


The present work reconsiders Bohr's theory of hydrogenic atoms from a different point of view. Instead of the traditional approach based on the balancing of forces acting on the electron, this work takes up the correspondence principle as a starting point for calculation of the electronic energy levels.


A new dynamic predict method for solving the problem of a wearable body temperature measuring equipment's poor dynamic response characteristics and a data fitting method of body temperature under experimental conditions are proposed in this paper. The method is based on the law of conservation of energy, Taylor expansion in respect of time and the idea of finite difference. The predictive equations of predict temperature with respect to predict coefficient and known time nodes' temperature are established, the body temperature can be quickly obtained by measuring the first few minutes' temperature. The predicted results are well verified by experimental data. And the possible influencing factors for prediction are analyzed, which include difference scheme, initial temperature, body temperature, time constant and temperature difference. This method allows the body temperature measurement equipment with lower price get higher performance, which greatly improved the practicability of temperature sensors that measurement process satisfy the first order inertia link.


A modification of V(z) method is presented in this paper. It is proposed to use the Doppler effect in the continuous wave reflection scanning acoustic microscope. The Doppler frequency shift is created due to constant velocity movement of the lens perpendicular to the sample surface. A Doppler continuous wave microscope with an operating frequency of 300 MHz was developed. The device was tested on the investigations of the materials with known acoustical parameters.


Here, we would like to emphasize that the focus of this paper is developing a methodology. If the benchmark mechanism of MCM v3.1 is revised, we can apply the same methodology to update the 412 parameters to reflect new changes. Meanwhile, the "experimental data" could also be generated by simulating other similar explicit chemical mechanisms, such as the self-generating mechanism (Aumont et al., 2005), or by using the real smog chamber experimental data.


Carbon nanotubes are well known for their unique physical properties, which depend on the dimensions of the nanotubes. It is imperative to develop methods for positioning, orienting, and controlling the diameter and length of CNTs before they can be used in a broad range of applications. This review will focus on the synthesis of ordered CNTs. A few promising applications that are expected to impact emerging technologies are also introduced. Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false EN-US ZH-CN X-NONE


CPT symmetry, the combination of Charge Conjugation, Parity and Time reversal, is a cornerstone of our model building strategy and therefore the repercussions of its potential violation will severely threaten the most extended tool we currently use to describe physics, i.e. local relativistic quantum fields. However, limits on its conservation from the Kaon system look indeed imposing. In this work we will show that neutrino oscillation experiments can improve this limit by several orders of magnitude and therefore are an ideal tool to explore the foundations of our approach to Nature.
In order to do that we calculate the current CPT bound on all the neutrino mixing parameters and study the sensitivity of the DUNE experiment to such a violation. After deriving the most updated bound on CPT from neutrino oscillation data, we show that, if the recent T2K results turn out to be the true values of neutrino and antineutrino oscillations, DUNE would measure CPT violation at more than 3$\sigma$. Then, we study the sensitivity of the experiment to measure CPT violation in general, finding that DUNE will be able to improve the current bounds on $\Delta(\Delta m^2_{31})$ by at least one order of magnitude. We also study the sensitivity to the other oscillation parameters. Finally we show that, if CPT is violated in nature, combining neutrino with antineutrino data in oscillation analysis will produce imposter solutions.


An algorithm with an embedded genetic algorithm is presented in this paper, for attribute reduction and knowledge extraction. Due to the high dimension of text data, the classification precision is applied as the threshold of an evaluation index for the iterative process of the algorithm, and is also utilized as the fitness function of the embedded genetic algorithm. Further, the rules from the reduced attribute set generated by the algorithm are given. Finally, the validity and accuracy of the algorithm are verified on the data set.


Language is the most important tool in international business communication.Explicity is the basic characteristic and it is also the basic demand for successful communication.However,the use of fuzzy language can be of great help to achieve the goal in our realistic communication.The essay discusses the application technique of fuzzy language in business communication and points out issues we must pay attention to.


The present disclosure relates to an information management apparatus and an information management method. When acquiring the file information regarding at least two of the associated document is intended, with reference to the file management server storage unit stores therein condition information, the condition information is set for determining whether the association between the file allows the condition, and determining two documents in the document information whether the conditions set in the condition information is satisfied, and when the condition is satisfied, the two associated file.


. We studied the effect of Eu 3 ? substitution on the structural, magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of La 0.7– x Eu x Ba 0.3 MnO 3 ( x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06 and 0.08) (LEBMO). The material is prepared by solid-state sintering method. X-ray diffraction and structural refinement parameters indicate that all the synthesized samples have single-phase hexagonal structure. Magnetic measurements indicate that Curie temperature ( T C ) of the samples decrease with increasing Eu 3 ? content, because of the weakening of double exchange interaction. All samples present a second-order ferromagnetic to paramagnetic phase transition. Magnetic entropy change ( D S M ) of the samples increases as the Eu 3 ? content enhance. When x = 0.08, the T C of the sample is 258.6 K and the maximum value of D S M reaches 3.27 J kg - 1 K - 1 at 5 T of a magnetic field. These results indicate that the material can be used as an ideal working material for the normal temperature magnetic refrigeration.


To establish the doping-dependent phase diagram in alkali-metal doped C 60 , we synthesize Rb-doped C 60 samples with different stoichiometries by using the improved wet-chemistry technique. The doping levels determined from the Raman scattering spectra often show the appearance of three electrons corresponding to the band filling of three for the synthesized compounds no matter matter what dopants are used. The multiple phase coexistence with the unique Rb 3 C 60 is identified from the refined x-ray diffraction patterns. The phase fraction of Rb 3 C 60 is found to behave with the doping in a similar manor as the superconducting shielding fraction. These rigorously established correlations among the superconducting transition temperature along with the structural and phonon vibrational properties allow us to single out Rb 3 C 60 as the only superconducting phase with the nearly constant transition temperature regardless the doping level. These findings provide an experimental constraint on the theory developments for the superconductivity in fullerides.


In this paper, the digital image correlation method for the analysis of 3-D displacement field is firstly presented. The 3-D displacement field caused by internal microstructures evolution is obtained by correlative calculation of digital images taken before and after deformation of the object. The 3-D searching window, correlation function and the fitted function of correlation coefficient are obtained. The numerical simulation results confirmed this technique. The precision of displacement measuvement is 0.02 pixel.


Flexible polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have experienced a surge of research with the discovery of nanographenes that can be fabricated on surfaces. The flexibility in σ bonds within aroma...


The Zhanjiang Bay Bridge is a cable stayed bridge with a main span of 480m. Structural behavior due to thermal effects is presented in this paper in according to data received from a health monitoring system (HMS) since 2006. Data obtained from the analysis includes temperature gradients and time lags in the steel box girder, concrete tower, and stayed cables. By comparing the measured and calculated thermal displacements, it was possible to estimate the unmeasured thermal gradient on the surface of the towers as well as to determine that one of the expansion joints was likely constrained and contributing to the bridges asymmetrical displacement.


This paper presents development, implementation, experimental testing and comparison of two useful control approaches to a quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) test-bed available at Concordia University for the purpose of enhancing reliability, safety and Fault-Tolerant Control (FTC) of the UAV. A Gain-Scheduled Proportional-Integral-Derivative (GS-PID) controller and a Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) scheme are the main control techniques investigated in this paper based on their wide and popular applications in many engineering systems. Controllers are designed and implemented on the on-board single-chip micro-computer in order to keep the desired height of the helicopter in both normal (faultfree) and faulty flight conditions. In the MRAC case, in addition to height control, some other faulty cases are also considered for the trajectory tracking control with typical trajectories such as square shape trajectory. Finally, comparison results based on experimental testing of the two types of controllers on the UAV test-bed are presented. From the operational point of view, MRAC showed a promising performance for handling the fault imposed to all actuators as well as good fault-free control performance. On the other hand, the GS-PID controller with a linear transition between modes was able to react in a faster way than MRAC to maintain good control of the quadrotors height if the controller reaction/switching time is kept as short as possible. In other words, the GS-PID showed stronger fault-tolerant control capability than MRAC to keep the height of the helicopter if the switching time of the GS-PID controller gains after fault occurrence is kept close to zero.


First published in 1971 and now reissued, an introduction to Cubism, which was originally published to accompany an exhibition at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.


Retinal photoreceptors die during retinal synaptogenesis in a portion of retinal degeneration. Whether cone bipolar cells establish regular retinal mosaics and mature morphologies, and resist degeneration are not completely understood. To explore these issues, we backcrossed a transgenic mouse expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) in one subset of cone bipolar cells (type 7) into rd1 mice, a classic mouse model of retinal degeneration, to examine the development and survival of cone bipolar cells in a background of retinal degeneration. Our data revealed that both the development and degeneration of cone bipolar cells are independent of the normal activity of cone photoreceptors. We found that type 7 cone bipolar cells achieved a uniform tiling of the retinal surface and developed normal dendritic and axonal arbors without the influence of cone photoreceptor innervation. On the other hand, degeneration of type 7 cone bipolar cells, contrary to our belief of central-to-peripheral progression, was spatially uniform across the retina independent of the spatiotemporal pattern of cone degeneration. The results have important implications for the design of more effective therapies to restore vision in retinal degeneration. Citation: Chen M, Wang K, Lin B (2012) Development and Degeneration of Cone Bipolar Cells Are Independent of Cone Photoreceptors in a Mouse Model of Retinitis Pigmentosa. PLoS ONE 7(8): e44036. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0044036 Editor: Stephan C.F. Neuhauss, University Zürich, Switzerland Received June 19, 2012; Accepted August 1, 2012; Published August 31, 2012 Copyright: 2012 Chen et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This work was supported by University of Hong Kong Seed Funding Program for Basic Research and General Research Fund from the Hong Kong Research Grants Council. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: email@example.com


Na + transport across the tonoplast and its accumulation in the vacuoles is of crucial importance for plant adaptation to salinity. Mild and severe salt stress increased both ATP- and PP i -dependent H + transport in tonoplast vesicles from sunflower seedling roots, suggesting the possibility that a Na + /H + antiport system could be operating in such vesicles under salt conditions (E. Ballesteros et al. 1996. Physiol. Plant. 97: 259-268). During a mild salt stress, Na + was mainly accumulated in the roots. Under a more severe salt treatment, Na + was equally distributed in shoots and roots. In contrast to what was observed with Na + , all the salt treatments reduced the shoot K + content. Dissipation by Na + of the H + gradient generated by the tonoplast H + -ATPase, monitored as fluorescence quenching of acridine orange, was used to measure Na + /H + exchange across tonoplast-enriched vesicles isolated by sucrose gradient centrifugation from sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) roots treated for 3 days with different NaCI regimes. Salt treatments induced a Na + /H + exchange activity, which displayed saturation kinetics for Na + added to the assay medium. This activity was partially inhibited by 125 μM amiloride, a competitive inhibitor of Na + /H + antiports. No Na + /H + exchange was detected in vesicles from control roots. The activity was specific for Na + , since K + added to the assay medium slightly dissipated H + gradients and displayed non-saturating kinetics for all salt treatments. Apparent K m for Na + /H + exchange in tonoplast vesicles from 150 mM NaCI-treated roots was lower than that of 75 mM NaCI-treated roots, V max remaining unchanged. The results suggest that the existence of a specific Na + /H + exchange activity in tonoplast-enriched vesicle fractions, induced by salt stress, could represent an adaptative response in sunflower plants, moderately tolerant to salinity.


Abstract : A bibliography of publications on and related to underwater acoustic fluctuation phenomena is given. The bibliography is annotated with up to three items: the abstract of each publication, a list of keywords characterizing the publication's subject matter, and one or more comments describing the publication's subject matter in more detail. (MM)


The current status and main progress of the research on source sink relation of rice were reviewed with the emphases on the concept of source and sink,the measuring indexes of source and sink,the hypothesis of high yield limiting factors,the delimitation of source sink types,the mechanism of interaction between source and sink.The subjects worth further research were proposed.


Parturition was induced in one member from each of eight sets of monozygous twin dairy cows by intramuscular injection of 20 mg Dexamethasone trimethylacetate. The resulting gestation lengths were less (P 0.05) or the subsequent return to postpartum oestrus (P > 0.05). The induced calves had lighter birth weights (P <: 0.01) and a higher mortality (6/8) than calves-from untreated cows (no deaths). There was a significant (P < 0.01) positive correlation (r = 0.846) between gestation length and birth weight of the calf.


Inspired by a recent paper$^*$ by C. Fefferman, J. Shapiro and M. Weinstein, we investigate quantum tunneling for a Hamiltonian with a symmetric double well and a uniform magnetic field. In the simultaneous limit of strong magnetic field and deep potential wells with disjoint supports, tunneling occurs and we derive accurate estimates of its magnitude. $^*\,$[Lower bound on quantum tunneling for strong magnetic fields. SIAM J. Math. Anal. 54(1), 1105-1130 (2022).]


Abstract- Studying and monitoring the international cooperation zone allows us to take a fresh look at the integration processes in the system of world economic relations and answer the question about the nature and scale of international economic integration and globalization. This paper investigated the relationship between economy, supply chain management, international trade and international cooperation zone with mediation effect of international relations. The empirical basis of this study was the data of the state statistical service of the two largest economies in the Asia-Pacific region — the Republic of Korea and Japan. As part of the study, the task was set to conduct a comparative analysis of the system of international economic relations of the Republic of Korea and Japan.


A fuel injection arrangement (20 fig 2) for a turbine engine has a gaseous fuel injection means and a liquid fuel injection means which are both able to present fuel (7,9 fig 1) to a combustor (3 fig 1). The liquid fuel injection means incorporates an injection conduit for airflow 10 and a liquid fuel jet 30 presented at a high angle relative to the airflow. In use, at low fuel injection rates the airflow entrains and atomises fuel expelled by the fuel jet without impingement upon the injection conduit 31, and at high fuel injection rates fuel expelled by the liquid fuel jet impinges upon the injection conduit 31 to form a film (43 fig 4) which is subsequently atomised by the airflow. The injection conduit may progressively constrict towards an outlet 32, which may be approximately 1mm wide, and the liquid fuel jet may be inclined relative to the conduit to increase the distance before jet impingement occurs. The fuel jet may be round, oval, or square, and less than 1mm wide. The fuel injection arrangement allows alternative liquid fuels to be used such as diesel or kerosene, and a plurality of arrangements may form a fuel injection assembly.


POSPÍŠILOVÁ, L., FASUROVÁ, N., JURICA, L.: Fractionation of humus and optical properties of humic acids originating from different soil types. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun., 2006, LIV, No. 4, pp. 45–52 Assesment of soil organic matter quality is one of the urgent problems of contemporary agriculture. Determination of humic acids (HAs) optical properties using spectroscopic techniques could be a reliable step for this evaluation. We followed differences in the functional groups of HAs preparations and showed correlation between optical indexes and fractional composition of humus. UV-VIS and SFS spectral lines and indexes were measured in mixture 0.1M pyrophosphate sodium solution and 0,1M NaOH, after fi ltration and appropriate dilution. Differences in the structural composition of HAs originating from different soil types were studied after isolation of HAs preparations using FTIR spectroscopy (KBr + HAs pellets, SRATR FTIR method). Results showed that studied HAs preparations could be divided into two groups. First group included HAs isolated from Chernozem and Haplic Luvisol with higher content of aromatic constituents and condensation degree. The second group were HAs isolated from Eutric Cambisol and Fluvi-Eutric Gleysol. They refl ected lower content of aromatic compounds, lower condensation degree and more aliphatic structural groups in the HAs molecule. Linear correlation between fractional composition of humus and optical indexes (I501/I487, Q4/6) was found. humus fractination, humic acids, UV-VIS, FTIR, SFS scan spectra, Chernozem, Haplic Luvisol, Eutric cambisol, Fluvi-Eutric Gleysol Soil organic matter is a key attribute of soil quality and has attracted considerable attention. Humic substances can suppose more than 80% of the organic matter in a mineral soil (SWIFT, 1996). Humic acids, the main component of humic substances, are known to contain conjugated double bond systems randomly distributed in the macromolecules, which are responsible for their brown colour. The evaluation of the brown colour by the colour quotient (Q4/6) is considering as the indicator of humus quality and humifi cation degree (Pospíšilová et.al., 2005). An inverse relationship is observed between Q4/6 and the mean residence time of humus (= the lowest mean residence time is given by the highest values of colour quotient). The last can be also interpreted that the most humifi ed and highly condensed aromatic substances are of more ancient origin (Gieguzynska et al., 1998; Barančíková, 2002). FTIR spectroscopy offered insight into structural characteristics of HAs preparations. This method has been widely used for complex organic macromolecules characterization. A variety of infrared bands are characteristic for different molecular structures and functional groups (Piccolo, 2002). HAs also performed aromatic mixture with luminescent properties of different fl uorophore groups. Therefore SFS (synchronous fl uorescence spectra) performed the high resolution of spectral peaks. Fluorescence emission spectra feature a unique broad band with the maximum positioned at the long wavelengths. SFS spectra are capable to characterize con46 L. Pospíšilová, N. Fasurová, L. Jurica tent of condensed aromatic ring systems and bear electron-withdrawing substituents, such as carboxyl and carbonyl groups (Senesi et al., 1991, 1993; Sierra et al., 2005). There are following fl uorescence methods: excitation scan spectra, emission scan spectra, excitation emission matrix (EEM)= two dimensional excitation and emission scan (Sierra et al., 2005), synchronous fl uorescence spectroscopy (SFS) or synchronous-scan excitation fl uorescence spectra (Pullin et Cabaniss, 1995; Miano et Senesi, 1992; Senesi et al., 1991). The work was focused on detailed optical characterisation of HAs isolated from different soil types. Part of this study was also to show correlation between optical indexes and fractional composition of humus. Non-destructive spectroscopic techniques including UV-VIS, FTIR and SFS scan spectra were used for describing differences in humus quality. MATERIAL AND METHODS Soil samples were collected from the arable soils (humic horizon, 0–20 cm) in the South Moravian region (Chernozem – locality Bratčice, Haplic Luvisol – locality Veverské Knínice, Fluvi-Eutric Gleysol – locality Žabčice and Eutric-Cambisol – locality Vatín, Czech – Moravian Upland). We analysed total Corg (%) content by oxidimetric method (Nelson et Sommers, 1982) in soil. Fractional composition of humus was determined as follows: 5g of air_dried soil sample, sieved at mesh size of 1mm and extracted by a mixture (1:1, 0.1M NaOH + 0.1M Na4P2O7) for 24h. The sediment was separated by centrifugation at 2800 g for 10 min, washed with mixture and centrifuge again. Two individual washings were unifi ed with original supernatant, acidifi ed with concentrated H2SO4 to pH 1.5. We allowed to precipitate HAs overnight. Content of Corg was estimated by titrimetric method in aliquot volumes. Content of free HAs, FAs was determined as follows: 10g of air_dried soil sample, sieved at mesh size of 1mm and extracted by 0.1M NaOH for 24h. The sediment was separated by centrifugation at 2800 g for 10 min, washed with 0.1M NaOH and centrifuge again. Individual washings were unifi ed with original supernatant, acidifi ed with concentrated H2SO4 to pH 1.5. We allowed to precipitate HAs overnight. We estimated Corg content in aliquot volumes by oxidimetric method (Nelson et Sommers, 1982; Podlešáková et al., 1992). UV-VIS and SFS spectra were measured in 0.1M pyrophosphate sodium solution (after fi ltration and appropriate dilution). We used UV-VIS spectrometer Cary Probe 50 Varian within the range 200– 700 nm. SFS scan spectra were measured within the range 300–600 nm using spectrofl uorimeter Aminco Bowman Series 2 (thermospectronics, Xe-lamp, scan sensitivity 60%, autorange 845 V, bandpass of both monochromators 4nm, relative fl uorescence intensity 0–9.99, 2D scan mode, temperature 20 °C and the constant difference was (Δλem. - λex.) = 20 nm between both excitation and emission monochromators). Isolation of HAs preparation was made according to the standard international IHSS method (Hayes, 1985, 2001; Pospíšilová et al., 2001, 2005). FTIR spectra were measured by spectrometer Shimadzu FTIR – 8700, within the range 4000–600 cm–1. We used KBr + HAs pellets and SRATR = Single Refl ection Attenuated Total Refl ectance method according to Celi et al., 1997. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS One of the most important items of soil science is soil organic matter and its quality. Fertility of arable soils is widely defi ned by the HS quality. The last is frequently evaluated by non-destructive spectroscopic techniques. Using these analytical methods we have studied quality of humus in arable soils. Selected soils properties are given in Tab. I. Humus quality was at fi rst assessed by the fractionation and by the calculated ratio HAs/FAs. We have found out that quality of humus was decreasing in order: Chernozem > Haplic Luvisol > Fluvi-Eutric Gleysol >Eutric–Cambisol (Tab. II). Absorbance in UV-VIS range and colour quotient Q4/6 calculated as a ratio of absorption A465 /A665 is given in Fig. 1 and Tab. II. As you can see, ratio Q4/6 was decreasing in the order: Eutric–Cambisol > Fluvi-Eutric Gleysol > Haplic Luvisol > Chernozem. High Q4/6 values are typical for HAs with lower content of chromophore groups (which is typical for HAs isolated from Eutric Cambisol). The more ancient origin was indicated for Chernozem and Haplic Luvisol. Lower degree of aromatic condensation and the presence of more aliphatic structures refl ected: Eutric Cambisol and Fluvi-Eutric Gleysol. Detailed structural composition of HAs is given by FTIR spectroscopy and SFS scan spectra. FTIR spectroscopy showed that HAs samples could be divided into two groups. First group included the spectra of HAs isolated from Chernozem and Haplic Luvisols. Their absorbance was due to: (a) aliphatic C-H stretching at 2924–22 and 2855 cm–1; (b) aromatic C=C groups at 1624–19 cm–1; (c) phenols at 1404– 19 cm–1; (d) carbonyl and carboxyl groups at 1719–18 and 1225–23 cm–1 (Fig. 2). The second group included the spectra of HAs isolated from Eutric-Cambisol and Fluvi-Eutric Gleysol with absorbance due to: (a) C-H bands at 2925–2850 cm–1 in CH3 and CH2 groups of aliphatics ; (b) C=O band would be very limited, as suggested by the faint shoulder at 1718–16 cm–1; (c) carboxyl and amide-related ate bands at 1655–54cm– 1; (d) polysaccharide chains at 1045–34 cm–1; (e) O-H Fractionation of humus and optical properties od humic acids originating grom different soil types 47 and C-O band of various ether and alcoholic groups at 1127–23 cm–1 and (f) SO3 H band at 1100 cm –1 (Fig. 3, 4). HAs coming from the second group showed less aromatic C=C groups and were relatively enriched by nitrogen functional groups, polysaccharide and various ether and alcoholic groups. SFS scan spectra of soil samples are given in the Fig. 5. All samples exhibited the presence of fi ve main spectral peaks at λex./λem.: 467/487, 481/501, 492/512, 450/470, 339/359 at constant difference of Δλ=20 nm in 2D-synchronous fl uorescence spectra. These spectra were corrected at 845 V. Maximum relative fl uorescence intensity gave the sample of Haplic Luvisol at 487 nm (the main peak). On the contrary, the lowest relative fl uorescence intensity gave the sample of Fluvi-Eutric Gleysol at the same wavelength. The differences were found at the lower and at higher wavelengths (shape of SFS spectrum curve). SFS spectra showed that the spectral behaviour (shape of curve) depends on fractional composition of humus (fulvic acids (FAs) and HAs content). Peaks showed in Fig. 5 were less intensive at about 359 nm. Only Eutric-Cambisol had another peak at 399/419 nm. Emission peaks at 359 nm and 419 nm was infl uenced by FAs presence in phyrophosphate solution. The highest FAs content was in Eutr


Reliability of a software application, its failure rate and the residual number of faults in an application are the three most important metrics that provide a quantitative assessment of the failure characteristics of an application. Typically, one of many stochastic models known as software reliability growth models (SRGMs) is used to describe the failure behavior of an application in its testing phase, and obtain an estimate of the above metrics. In order to ensure analytical tractability, SRGMs are based on an assumption of instantaneous repair and thus the estimates of the metrics obtained using SRGMs tend to be optimistic. In practice, fault repair activity consumes a nonnegligible amount of time and resources. Also, repair may be conducted according to many policies which are reflective of the schedule and budget constraints of a project. A few research efforts that have sought to incorporate repair into SRGMs are restrictive, since they consider only one of the several SRGMs, model the repair process using a constant rate, and provide an estimate of only the residual number of faults. These techniques do not address the issue of estimating application failure rate and reliability in the presence of repair. In this paper we present a generic framework which relies on the rate-based simulation technique in order to provide the capability to incorporate various repair policies into the finite failure nonhomogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) class of software reliability growth models. We also present a technique to compute the failure rate and the reliability of an application in the presence of repair. The potential of the framework to obtain quantitative estimates of the above three metrics taking into consideration different repair policies is illustrated using several scenarios.


With the rapid development of the social economy,towering buildings are more and more.In order to accurately measure the height of buildings to provide the reliable basis for the construction and security of project,many surveyors are applying the improved method of total station REM.On the basis of introducing conventional method of REM,this paper puts forward a new method which don't need to measure the height of the instrument,and avoid looking for the vertical projection of targets.The method can fit the measure of the height in the majority of special circumstances.On the other hand,the calculation formulas for the method are derivated and relevant error analysis is discussed.Through the example,the feasibility of the method has been confirmed.The measuring accuracy can achieve mm level under ordinary circumstances and meet the majority of precision measurement requirements.


Reverse engineering of large legacy software systems is widely recognized to be a difficult problem. How bad is it? By an argument that identifies key underlying sources of the difficulty, reverse engineering of legacy code is shown to be intractable in the usual computational complexity sense. This conclusion implies that we should not be too enthusiastic about the ultimate value of reverse engineering as the centerpiece of a cost-effective approach to constructing new generations of systems.


where ri~=+ I is an intrinsic "CP sign. " The statement just before (2.8) should thus be modified to read "CP invariance would require h to be either pure real or pure imaginary depending on whether the relative CP sign is even or odd. " In the rest of the paper we always considered the most general (h =complex) case so it is unnecessary for us to modify anything else. However, if one wishes to pass to the CP-conserving limit it is necessary to note that the matrix K ~ in (2.5) need not be purely real (in opposition to the statement implied in footnote 6 of Ref. 7). The more general CP-conserving mixing matrices are immediately seen from (2.5) and the above to be those which satisfy


Radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTG) to be used on future spacecraft and launched by the Shuttle must be cooled from the time they are installed and enclosed until the spacecraft is deployed from the Shuttle. A special Cooling Kit maintains their temperature well below critical by circulating water through the coils soldered to them and through a heat exchanger that boils water and externally discharges the resulting steam. The RTG Cooling Kit, including its support frame, if fully charged with about 64 kg of evaporation water, will increase the Shuttle launch mass by about 200 kg.


We study the physics of D-branes in the presence of constant Ramond-Ramond potentials. In the string field theory context, we first develop a general formalism to analyze open strings in gauge trivial closed string backgrounds, and then apply it both to the RNS string and within Berkovits' covariant formalism, where the results have the most natural interpretation. The most remarkable finding is that, in the presence of a Dp-brane, both a constant parallel NSNS B-field and R-R C (p−1) -field do not solve the open/closed equations of motion, and induce the same non-vanishing open string tadpole. After solving the open string equations in the presence of this tadpole, and after gauging away the closed string fields, one is left with a U (1) field strength on the brane given by F = 1 B − ⋆C (p−1) � , where ⋆ is Hodge duality along the brane world-volume. One observes that this result differs from the usually assumed result F = B. Technically, this is due to the fact that supersymmetric and bosonic string world-sheet theories are different. Note, however, that the usual F + B combination is still the combination which remains gauge invariant at the σ-model level. Also, the standard result F = B is, in the D3-brane case, not compatible with S-duality. On the other hand our result, which is derived automatically given the general formalism, offers a non-trivial check of S-duality, to all orders in F, and this leads to an S-dual invariant Moyal deformation. In an appendix, we solve the source equation describing the open superstring in a generic NSNS and RR closed string background, within the super-Poincare covariant formalism.


Introduction: Stroke is a common complication occurring in approximately 10% of children with sickle cell anemia (SCA). A major breakthrough in SCA is the use of hydroxyurea for prevention of stroke and advances in trans-cranial doppler (TCD) for early detection of stroke coupled with blood transfusion program as primary prevention. Methods: This is a retrospective review of patients with SCA who developed stroke over the last 5 years in King Salman Armed Forces Hospital (KSAFH). Data was entered into SPSS v.20. Descriptive analysis of the data is presented in tabulated and graphical form. Chi Square or Fischer Exact test was used to find out possible association between the variables. P < 0.05 is considered as statistically significant. Results: We reviewed 237 patients, 10 (4.2%) have stroke. TCD was performed in 75 patients (32%), 5 (2.1%) were abnormal. MRI brain was done for 15 patients with stroke and abnormal TCD, 60% of the patients had ischemic stroke. Forty percent of the patients presented with headache and 20% with convulsions. Neurologic deficit occurred in 4 patients (26.6%). Leukocytosis was the most frequent risk factor 66.6%. Conclusion: Prevalence of stroke in children at KSAFH is 4.2% which is comparable with other studies. This can be attributed to regular use of hydroxyurea and introduction of TCD as the most essential screening tool for stroke in patients with SCA.


BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to investigate whether job strain had an effect on the risk of occupational injury of workers at small- to medium-sized manufacturing companies.

METHODS
We conducted a prospective follow-up survey and finally 1,209 workers in South Korea were included in this study. At time X1, we measured job stress with the Job Demand and Decision Latitude Questionnaire; and at time X2 (after 6 months), we evaluated occupational injuries through a single question. Occupational injuries were assessed using the question "Have you ever been injured at work, including minor scratches and cuts, in the previous four-month period" by self-reporting in the previous 4-month period.

RESULTS
For men, the high job-demand group (OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.13-2.59) and high strain group (OR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.02-3.14) showed the increased risk of occupational injury. For women, high job-demand (OR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.18-3.78), low job control (OR = 1.80, 95% CI = 1.02-3.17), and high job strain (OR = 3.57, 95% CI = 1.62-7.86) were significantly associated with occupational injury.

CONCLUSION
Workers under high job strain showed higher risk for occupational injury. The efforts to minimize stress-related occupational injuries should be required.


Objective: This study aimed to analyze the surgical outcomes of robotic-assisted surgery for early-stage endometrial cancer compared with those of laparoscopic surgery and laparotomy. Methods: The clinical data and perioperative outcomes of stage IA endometrial cancer patients who underwent total hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophrectomy, and pelvic lymphadenectomy by robotic-assisted surgery, laparoscopic surgery or laparotomy from January 2011 through December 2020 were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively. Results: A total of 122 patients were eligible (robotic-assisted surgery, n=24; laparoscopic surgery, n=72; laparotomy, n=26). The median operation time for robotic-assisted surgery was longer than that for laparoscopic surgery and laparotomy (P < 0.0001). Robotic-assisted surgery resulted in less blood loss (P < 0.0001) and a shorter postoperative stay (P < 0.001) than laparotomy but was not different from laparoscopic surgery. There was no difference in the number of lymph nodes retrieved among the three groups. Three (17%) robotic-assisted surgeries, 6 (8%) laparoscopic surgeries, and 3 (12%) laparotomies resulted in perioperative complications (P=0.47). Two patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery developed recurrence. Conclusions: Robotic-assisted surgery has similar surgical outcomes to laparoscopic surgery and offers a safe alternative in the surgical treatment of early-stage endometrial cancer, although the operative time may need to be shortened.


Disclosed is a device. The disclosed device comprises a communication unit, a memory, and a processor for controlling the communication unit and the memory. When the processor is executed, the memory is able to store commands for performing operations which are follows: using a first data stored in the memory to be connected to an electronic device through the communication unit; receiving ID information of an access point from the electronic device; using the ID information of the access point received from the electronic device to be connected to the access point; being connected to a server through the access point; receiving second ID information of the electronic device from the server to store the same in the memory; and if a connection with the access point is broken, using the second ID information to be connected to the electronic device. The present invention uses electronic devices such as smartphones to simultaneously set communications of a plurality of devices at home.


In the corporate governance system, a balanced protection of both the minority and majority shareholder"s interest is fundamental. Therefore the size and/or volume of a shareholder"s investment in the company is a matter of individual and collective decision. This work deals the comparative analysis of the protection of the rights of minority shareholders under the UK"S Company Act, 2006 and Nigerian Companies And Allied Matters Act, CAP C24 LFN 2004. Soon after incorporation, a company becomes a separate entity which can sue or be sued in its own corporate name. It therefore means that it is the company that has the legal right and competence to sue for or against the company. The work will tend to juxtapose the protections available to minorities shareholder under the UK"s company and Nigerian Company Laws in order to ascertain the quantum and adequacy of protection afforded to the minority in these jurisdictions. In some cases, the application of the majority rule has worked injustice and hardship against the minority. Since the decision of the court in Foss v Harbottl, company operations have revolutionized such that oppression of the minority by reliance on the majority rule at any slight opposition could no longer be supported. Hence the introduction of certain exceptions to the majority rule, which are commonly referred to as the exceptions to the rule in Foss v Harbottle. Suffice it to state that in contemporary company law, these exceptions are more relevant in their application than the general rule itself. This translates to say that company law today is more interested in protecting minority rights than covering the caprices of the majority. This work will evaluate the relevant provisions of the two country"s company law with a view of striking a balance between the two jurisdictions and identifying which jurisdiction that has more healthy approach towards protecting the interest(s) of the minority.


ABSTRACT Museum researchers often need to refresh the profession they practice by reconsidering their values, their assumptions, and the intent of the institutions they serve. Technical precision and analytic skill may reduce or hide the complexity of effect and response a museum needs to hear in order to understand meaning in the lives of users. How do we craft a new and lasting epistemology of practice with the thoughtful user at its center?


The purpose of this paper is to discuss the properties of sound in modern Korean music in the 21st century. This is an attempt to expand beyond the physical properties of sound into an abstract discussion and solve it within the field of media philosophy. This paper analyzes some works as research subjects, and discusses these works in connection with the concept of "immediacy"(Unmittelbarkeit) and "mediality"(Medialität) of sound. In this paper, it is confirmed that musique concrete could be classified as "phenomenal immediacy", soundscape music as "medial immediacy", and live-electronic music as "performative immediacy" according to the process by which sound is generated and processed and the way in which it is performed. confirmed that it could be. This is an attempt at a philosophical discourse on the relationship between sound and music, and is expected to open a new horizon of thinking about sound art in the future.


By using a new system that combines a confocal scanning laser microscope (CSLM) and a rheometer, we observed the structural change and measured the shear stress simultaneously in an immiscible polymer blend. The blend used is composed of a liquid crystalline plolymer (LCP) and a petroline mineral oil (PMO). When subjected to an external electric field, we observed a change from an LCP‐droplet‐dispersed structure to a network structure, corresponding to an increase of the shear stress.


As the process of internationalization deepens, foreign talents have become the target of fierce competition among countries all over the world. Similarly, China also has launched a series of policies with the intention to occupy talent highland and achieve the strategy of strengthening the country through talents. However, currently, it seems that some departure appears between aspirational policy formulation and practical implementation. To bridge the gap, this paper took Chinese national policy discourse as the data recourse and conducted in-depth analysis on its effectiveness, equilibrium, operability and synergy. Through literature review and international comparison, this paper argues that the government should transform its original role and the overall policy design needs to be optimized. In addition, properly handling the relationship among all stakeholders is also essential to the construction of a sound foreign talent governance system. Keywords—construction; foreign talent; governance; new era


Abstract: The actions of purified β‐bungarotoxin (5 or 10 μg/ml) on the metabolic and transmitter‐releasing properties of rat cortical synaptosomes was studied. The toxin stimulated control respiratory rates, but prevented the respiratory response to veratrine. Tissue potassium levels were greatly reduced (54%) and endogenous glutamate, aspartate and GABA showed increased levels of release (10‐ to 25‐fold), but other amino acids were unaffected or showed much smaller changes. Tissue levels of these amino acids were reduced in proportion. The toxin inhibited the uptake of [U‐14C]GABA (35%) and [U‐14C]glutamate (53%) over 5‐min incubation periods. This uptake‐inhibition was Ca2+‐dependent and was reduced by tetrodotoxin. Miniature‐end‐plate‐potential (m.e.p. p.) frequencies at the locust neuromuscular junction (extensor tibialis) were greatly (four‐ to sevenfold) accelerated by local application of the toxin (5 μg/ml). This effect was reversible and occupied about 20 min. Amplitudes of m.e.p. p.'s were also increased and muscle membrane depolarization occurred. The results are interpreted as being due to a depolarizing action of the toxin.


The antioxidant activities and total polyphenolic content of five multifloral and four orange blossom Brazilian honey samples and their phenolic extracts were investigated. Identification and quantification of phenolic compounds were carried out by HPLC-DAD (high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection). The radical scavenging activities, determined with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) and expressed as EC50, ranged from 10.81 to 52.64 mg mL-1 for honey and 6.17 to 52.87 mg mL-1 for the extracts. The extract antioxidant activities were also determined by 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, and the results varied from 46.53 to 383.49 mmol TE 100 g-1 and 34.99 to 408.14 mol Fe(II) 100 g-1, respectively. It was also evaluated the total phenolic and flavonoid contents by the Folin-Denis and aluminum chloride methods, respectively. Antioxidant activities and total phenolic contents were found to be highly correlated.


Book review of In the Shadow of the Incarnation: Essays on Jesus Christ in the Early Church in Honor of Brian E. Daley, S.J. Edited by Peter W. Martens.  (Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame, 2008).


Ultrathin α-Fe2O3 and FeP are synthesized by engineering the lattice matching degree between water-soluble template and target material for hydrogen evolution reaction.


Obesity has become a national epidemic in the United States (US) [1,2]. Driven by a shift in diet over the last century and a more sedentary lifestyle, trends over time show that obesity prevalence is continuing to increase, not only in the US, but globally as well [3-8]. If current trends continue, projections show that by 2030, 20% of the world's adult population will have obesity, and 38% will be overweight [9]. This trend is even more pronounced among the US population with 42-51% percent of the US population estimated to have obesity and 9-11% estimated to have severe obesity by 2030 [10]. Obesity is associated with an increased risk for developing multiple comorbidities, consequently increasing the disease burden overall [11]. Specifically, obesity is a risk factor for developing hypertension and diabetes, both of which are causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) [12,13]. Moreover, obesity itself may confer risk for development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and ESRD [1416]. Given obesity's association with comorbid disease development, Kramer et al. [14] examined the prevalence of obesity and changes in body mass index (BMI) among the ESRD population, revealing both have increased from 1995 to 2002. However, access to transplantation is restricted to those meeting center-specific BMI cutoffs, typically a BMI below 35 kg/m [17-22]. Thus, while obesity provides a survival advantage among dialysis patients, patients with a BMI in excess of 35 kg/m may not qualify for kidney transplantation until they lose weight [17,23-28]. Importantly, kidney transplantation provides a significant survival benefit among the general ESRD population and among the ESRD population with obesity, though it takes them longer to obtain that survival benefit due to higher risk of mortality early posttransplant [17,28-30]. When ESRD patients with obesity are offered transplant, they experience longer hospitalization, increased risk of surgical site infections, and higher rates of graft loss compared to their counterparts without obesity [3133]. In spite of these increased risks, kidney transplantation is cost-effective and thus, a preferential treatment option to dialysis [34,35]. However, Gill et al. [20] demonstrated in a 2014 study that women with a BMI of 25 kg/m or higher experienced lower likelihood of receiving a transplant as did men with a BMI of 35 kg/m or higher; Segev et al. [21] similarly reported an independent association between Abstract


A recent paper by Bianco et al. gives five definitions of microstrip characteristic impedance which do not have the same frequency dependence. This paper shows that the most widely used definition can be based on wave-impedance and is a unique unambiguous characteristic impedance for microstrip, consistent with characteristic impedance definitions of other waveguiding structures.


A guide to help you research and locate Elected Studies materials at Fisk and beyond! A LibGuide to help Elected Studies undergraduate students find resources related to the courses they are taking.


deeds and so on), it is only through comparison – with other documents, with other collections, with other dates – that analytical observations about structure and process become possible. To compare exemplars from manuals to examples from the archive is one thing; to engage in large-scale comparison across time and space is another. Yet such comparisons require archival access, linguistic adroitness and analytical acumen. For an individual scholar, these demands are limiting. When presented as a call for collaboration, they become liberating. Negotiating Mughal Law makes the case for expanding collaborative efforts by illustrating the depth, detail and complexity that working with a single family's collection can add to collective understandings of law's operations under varied imperial formations. For example, it is only by providing opportunities to see the full picture across regions and contexts that scholars will be able to communicate the multiple meanings of zamīndār to students of South Asian history. Imagine if scholars had access not just to a single family's collection but to several families' collections located not just in Mughal India but throughout Persianate Eurasia and the Islamicate Indian Ocean world. How might understandings of preand early modern law change as a result of having access to expanded data sets? How might these document collections change the way we talk about the history of European imperial expansion and its attendant cultural encounters? And how might we challenge the importance and centrality of the colonial archive that dominates these histories by making collections that have been transported, transplanted, uprooted and unmoored available to anyone with an internet connection, rather than relying on the scholarly mobility of a few privileged passport holders who can piece the collections together? These are the questions that Negotiating Mughal Law implores us to ask and invites us to consider as we think about the operation of law not only in terms of nations and empires but globally and comparatively as well.


Ravel's Spring 2012 Line – A Must See Collection of vibrant colors and pattern-pairing visit us at Stylemax – Merchandise Mart Chicago Jan 28-30, 2012


You can call me Al: A concise route for construction of the [6-6-6-5] tetracyclic skeleton of daphenylline, a structurally novel Daphniphyllum alkaloid, has been developed with full stereocontrol in only 8 steps from two known fragments. This approach features an intramolecular [3+2] cycloaddition of a 2-azaallyl anion with an alkene to form the cis-fused AC rings.


This paper describes the CTi system that supports teachers in C programming courses. The CTi system provides teachers with student's model, various learning information and inductive instruction tools. Teachers using the system can provide effective feedback to students. Bayesian Belief Networks are used to represent a student's model and relationship between the structure of programming language and the student's knowledge. An empirical study showed the CTi system had positive effects on students' programming performance.


This article examines the restrictions that the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) instituted on January 3, 2012 regarding the use of handheld cell phones by commercial motor vehicle (CMV) drivers operating CMVs. The rule prohibits a CMV driver from holding a cell phone to make a call while driving. It also prohibits dialing, texting, browsing, or using the Internet or any application that requires pressing more than a single button. The CMV driver may not reach for a mobile phone if it requires moving from the seated driving position or unfastening the seat belt. The rule applies when the CMV is in motion and also when the CMV is stopped at a traffic light or in a traffic jam. A handheld cell phone can only be used if the CMV is in a parked position, not on a roadway. The article discusses the rationale behind the rule, fines and penalties, and compliance and enforcement.


sensitive approach to controlling pests that does not rely heavily on pesticides. Successful IPM depends on frequent monitoring of plants and pests so that control strategies are used only when and where needed. Many scientists consider IPM a decision-making process that assesses pest status and determines logical and environmentally sound management strategies. A variety of control methods—cultural, mechanical, biological and chemical may be employed. Furthermore, IPM takes a holistic approach to pest control encompassing insects, mites, slugs, weeds and diseases rather than singling out only one pest problem at a time.


There are differences in the applicable scope of the limitation of actions by comparing the correlative legislations of different countries,and chinese civil law has not defined it clearly. It holds an important position for practising the system of the limitation of actions and for stabilizing the socio-economic order to discuss the applicable scope of the limitation of actions. On the basis of existing research results,the applicable scope of the limitation of actions is analysed respectively from the aspects of right of obligatory claim,right of real claim,right of personal claim,right of intellectual property claim,etc.


The cycloaddition reactions of 4-methylphenylthio-, methoxy-, 4-methoxyphenyl-, phenyl-, chloro- and cyanoallene with tert-butylthioacrylonitrile (BTA) in toluene-d8 solution were investigated. The relative reactivity sequence of these substituted allenes is 4-methylphenylthio ∼ methoxy- > 4-methoxyphenyl- > phenyl- > chloro- > cyanoallene. Activation parameters were measured for diradical intermediate formation of BTA with 4-methylphenylthio-, methoxy- and 4-methoxyphenylallene, giving average values of Ea and ΔS± of 14.2–16.8 kcal mol−1 and ca. -33 eu, respectively. The relative reactivity sequence is consistent with a FMO allene-HOMO, BTA-LUMO dominant interaction for diradical intermediate formation. However, the regioselectivity of attack on the substituted allene appears to be thermodynamically controlled. The formation of the diradical intermediates in these cycloaddition processes appears to be irreversible. However, the ring closure of the diradical intermediates formed from 4-methylphenylthio-, methoxy- and 4-methoxyphenylallene is reversible under the conditions of the kinetic experiments. The kinetically controlled ring closure of the diradical intermediates is allyl radical SOMO controlled, while the final cycloadduct distribution is thermodynamically controlled.


The emergence of Omicron subvariants and waning immunity to initial vaccine regimens led to the authorization of updated SARS-CoV-2 bivalent vaccines containing wildtype with either Omicron BA.1 or BA.4/5. Here, we compare early serologic responses from a randomized clinical trial of a second boost with either the Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2 (30 mcg dose) Wildtype/Omicron BA.1 or Wildtype/Omicron BA.4/5 vaccines against homologous and heterologous strains including contemporary Omicron subvariants BQ.1.1 and XBB.1.


An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) launch tube (100) that has at least one layer of prepeg substrate disposed about an aperture (106) to form a tube, a sabot (110) disposed in an interior of said tube (100), said sabot (110) having a first clasp tab (126), and a clasp (124) detachably coupled to said first clasp tab and contacting an inner circumferential wall (102) of said tube (100) so that said clasp (124) is rotationally constrained by the inner circumferential wall (102) and said first clasp tab (126).


The relative aerodynamic and performance effects associated with rotor ‐NGV gap coolant injections were investigated in the Axial Flow Turbine Research Facility (AFTRF) of the Pennsylvania State University. This study quantifies the effects of the coolant injection on the aerodynamic performance of the turbine for radial cooling, impingement cooling in the wheelspace cavity and root injection. Overall, it was found that even a small quantity (1 percent) of cooling air can have significant effects on the performance character and exit conditions of the high pressure stage. Parameters such as the total-to-total efficiency, total pressure loss coefficient, and three-dimensional velocity field show local changes in excess of 5, 2, and 15 percent, respectively. It is clear that the cooling air disturbs the inlet end-wall boundary layer to the rotor and modifies secondary flow development, thereby resulting in large changes in turbine exit conditions. @DOI: 10.1115/1.1401026#


To optimize the inner curve shape of the stator, we took the radial speed of the stopper as target,and constructed parametric model in ADAMS, generated dynamic simulation, and obtained the optimum inner curve shape of the stator.


Compared to other laboratory data, microbiology data are a complex mix of quantitative and qualitative results that return iteratively over time. Commercial electronic health records (EHR) frequently have limitations in the manner in which they manage microbiology data, not attempting to codify data but rather displaying it as text. This contributes to time-consuming and error-prone clinical workflows. We developed a microbiology viewer application to aggregate results and implemented it in our EHR.


Abstract : The report presents results of measuring the intensity of infrared radiation from a source with a working surface 500X500 mm in the interval of temperatures -40 to +50C.


In the industrial field,an investigation on how temperature can affect damage and fatigue life of a honeycomb sandwich structure is significant.The aim of this work is to investigate fatigue behaviors of the steel honeycomb sandwich beams at 400℃ by three-point bending fatigue experiments.An S-N curve was obtained.Based on stiffness degradation,life prediction and damage evolution models were developed.This approach allowed the prediction of fatigue life under different load levels while avoiding a large number of repetitive fatigue tests.Parameters used in the model depended on the material properties and high temperature test conditions among other things.The developed models were applied to analyze the fatigue life and damage evolution of steel honeycomb sandwich specimens under fatigue.The results show that experimental and prediction results were in good agreement.Thus the proposed method is feasible.


This is the sumlnary of my new paper [8]. We claim in the paper that attractors for almost every Lozi falnily are filled with forward orbits beginning from its singularity set, and that such a property is not special for this family. In fact, we find an open set of one-dimensional $C ^{2}$ maps such that, for almost every point of the parameter arc defined by any element of this open set, the orbit of a turning point is dense in the Lozi attractor.


Metastasis pattern of prostate cancer varies widely; however, predominant affinity is towards regional lymph nodes. Mediastinal lymphadenopathy as the initial presentation, in absence of any pelvic lymph node involvement, remains extremely rare. Most patients are incidentally diagnosed and often have widespread metastatic disease on confirmation of diagnosis. A high index of clinical suspicion is necessary and routine clinical examination such as a digital rectal examination (DRE) can aid in earlier diagnosis and prompt clinical intervention can improve disease outcome. We present this case study of a 53-year-old patient who was incidentally diagnosed with metastatic adenocarcinoma of prostatic origin by TBUS-EBNA of hilar lymph nodes in the absence of pelvic lymphadenopathy.


Using the rigorous two-scale asymptotic analysis we derive a Poiseuille-like approximation for the power-law flow in a curved pipe. The method is based on an application of curvilinear coordinates defined from the Frenet's basis attached to the central curve of the pipe.


A new biomaterial containing polyvinyl alcohol foam with a fully open-cell microstructure would be designed and prepared via air-foaming procedure in this study. The resulting biomaterials might provide several functional properties for various clinic potential applications. Also, the resulting biomaterial containing polyvinyl alcohol foam could be employed to prepare a series of new medical device for the clinic potential applications. Further, a systematic design-thinking method for innovative design of medical device would be built up and provided. A series of new medical devices would be designed and obtained.


We briefly describe recent results concerning the approximation of nonlinear input-output maps, and show that for any single-variable shift-invariant causal uniformly-fading-memory map G there is a focused gamma network that approximates G uniformly arbitrarily well.


PurposeIn this empirical study, the primary aim is to examine whether the type of feedback provided, relative performance information (RPI) vs outcome, affects individual's task satisfaction in a context without financial incentives. A secondary objective is to explore whether differences in individuals' task satisfaction were associated with their performance level.Design/methodology/approachParticipants completed a mundane, effort-based task in a 1 × 2 between-subjects experimental design where the type of feedback was manipulated at two levels (RPI vs outcome).FindingsThe results revealed a positive link between providing RPI feedback to individuals and their self-reported task satisfaction compared to individuals provided with outcome feedback. We find that individuals' task satisfaction is not associated with their task performance, supporting our prediction that the level of knowledge of results affects individuals' task satisfaction.Research limitations/implicationsThe experimental task used in this study was mundane and effort intensive. Consequently, future research may be needed to examine whether the results generalize to more creative, less effort-intensive tasks. This study also utilized student participants as a proxy for employees, which is appropriate for the task, but may not generalize to organizational settings requiring specialized knowledge or task experience.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that organizations may find providing employees with RPI to be a relatively low-cost, non-financial incentive for improving employee task satisfaction, a construct documented to reduce employee turnover and absenteeism.Originality/valueWhile prior research focuses on the effects of providing RPI on individuals' performance and effort, this study extends prior research to individuals' task satisfaction, an affective construct, illustrating that RPI is multi-dimensional. Our results also have implications for theory. We extend the feedback proposition of the widely applied Job Characteristics Model (JCM) by illustrating the type of feedback provided to individuals has task satisfaction effects beyond those associated with the mere presence of feedback.


We have designed a study aimed at identifying the genetic mutations responsible for cystic fibrosis (CF) in the population of the United Arab Emirates. The prevalence of CF in the UAE is at least 1/15,000 live births and the disease is associated with very severe clinical presentations.


Let us be partners in confusion and one day we may be brothers in understanding.—James Fenimore Cooper

Physicians strive to practice medicine in a manner that optimizes outcomes for patients. This demands both thoughtful individualization of care and application of the best knowledge relevant to the clinical problem at hand. In recent years, the evidence-based medicine movement has attempted to raise the standards of clinical practice by bringing the methods of clinical epidemiology and clinical research into day to day practice.1 In an effort to present scientifically sound guidelines to aid the practice of neurology, the Quality Standards Subcommittee (QSS) of the American Academy of Neurology sponsors a series of Practice Parameters relevant to different neurology subspecialties. The recent development of a series of Practice Parameters regarding the treatment of Parkinson disease (PD) demonstrates the strengths and limitations of this approach.2–5

Development of Practice Parameters is a rigorous, transparent process aimed at important, clearly stated clinical questions, using prespecified criteria for evaluation of evidence and articulation of recommendations. Under the auspices of the QSS, important questions are posed and a panel …


Low-density parity-check (LDPC) lattices were the first family of lattices to show efficient decoding in high dimensions. We consider a case of these lattices with one binary LDPC code as an underlying code. We employ encoding and decoding of the LDPC lattices in a cooperative transmission framework. We establish two efficient shaping based on hypercube and Voronoi shaping, to obtain LDPC lattice codes. Then, we propose the implementation of block Markov encoding for one-way and two-way relay networks using LDPC lattice codes. An efficient method is also required for decomposing full-rate codebook into lower rate codebooks. We apply different decomposition schemes for one-way and two-way relay channels, which are the altered versions of the decomposition methods of low density lattice code (LDLC) lattices. Due to the lower complexity of the decoding for LDPC lattices comparing with LDLCs, the complexity of our schemes is significantly lower than the ones proposed for LDLCs. The efficiency of the proposed schemes is presented using simulation results that indicate the outperforming behavior of LDLCs over LDPC lattice codes in the same dimensions. However, having lower decoding complexity enables us to increase the dimension of the lattice to compensate the existing gap between the performance of the LDPC lattice codes and the LDLCs.


The slope zone of Biyang depression developed many faults and has complicated faults system. This paper pointed out that main fault's scale and continuity and arrangement relationship with sand-body distribution and axial direction of the nose structure control the hydrocarbon migration and pool type and accumulation and enrichment through studying on feature of faults system and hydrocarbon accumulation in slope zone of Biyang depression. The second hydrocarbon Exploration is very successful based on these study.


10 |
0:00:00 Starten
0:00:05 Architectural Patterns
0:02:38 The Logical Architecture
0:04:53 Seperation of Concerns
0:08:38 Layered (Reference) Architecture (1)
0:10:11 Package Diagrams...
0:11:34 Some (Architectural) Design Priciples
0:18:23 Layered Architecture (2)
0:20:18 Model View Controller (MVC)
0:24:27 Model View Controller Continued
0:25:23 Architectural applications of MVC
0:26:16 The User Interface Layer...
0:27:36 Application Layer
0:30:12 Modelling Alternatives
0:31:08 Facades
0:33:26 Facades Example
0:37:04 Data Transfer Objects
0:38:52 The Domain Layer
0:40:46 hands on Architectural Modelling
0:41:14 Architecture Example
0:43:53 Layer + MVC Example
0:45:50 Solution with Observer
0:46:38 Observer Pattern
0:47:40 Observer Pattern Continued
0:50:39 Model View Controller & Observer
0:53:20 Conclusion
0:58:15 References
0:58:41 Overview on Next Lectures
1:01:28 Software Components
1:04:19 Definition Attempts
1:08:41 This is a Component
1:10:49 Why Object CANNOT equal Component
1:14:18 Components in Java
1:18:25 Component: Where art Thou?


The Internet of Things (IoT) emerged because of the technologicalevolution of wireless sensor networks, which enabled these sensors to integrate with common objects. These objects are equipped with sensors and actuatorscollect data from users and the environment, process them, and transform theminto useful information. By allowing the transmission of restricted / personaldata, communication traffic between devices becomes an interesting target forattackers who either access or manipulate them. However, even with cryptographic data, side-channel attacks exploit the characteristics of devices forthe purpose of acquiring information that may compromise the security of thenetwork structure. This work presents a way of characterizing the identical IoT dispositives by only exploring the time information. It carried the activitiesout such as structuring an experimental scenario, collecting traffic, extractingstatistical characteristics and finally identifying the dispositives. The results show we can identify even identical devices with up to 100% of accuracy.