Y2O3 thin films were deposited on Si (111) and s.s. substrates by microwave electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma metal organic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD) using a Y(thd)3 (thd = 2,2,6,6,-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionate) precursor at a substrate temperature of 450 C. The deposited coatings were characterized by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). From the observed binding energies of the photoelectrons Y 3d5/2, Y 3d3/2 and O 1s, deposition of Y2O3 coating on the substrates is confirmed. Along with Y2O3 some carbon deposition is also seen. Oxygen plasma annealing of the deposited coatings with increase in the substrate temperature shows reduction in the carbon content in the coating. Details regarding deposition experiments, effects of oxygen plasma annealing and characterization of coatings are discussed in this paper.


Emotional dysfunction is a common finding in stroke patients. Despite reports on serotonergic involvement in the etiology of poststroke emotional dysfunction (PSED), the role of serotonin synthesizing tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) genes in the development of PSED remains unclear.


The danger of excessive enslavement to a formula is illustrated by Skard's discussion of three obviously related passages in Cicero, Sallust, and Livy (pp. 57-61). The passages are: (1) Cicero, Cat. i. 14 Nuper cum morte superioris uxoris novis nuptiis domum vacuefecisses, nonne etiam alio incredibili scelcre hoc scelus cumulasti? (2) Sail. Cat. 15. 2 . . . pro certo creditur necato filio vacuam domum scelestis nuptiis fecisse. (3) Livy i. 46. 9 Tarquinius et Tullia minor prope continuatis funeribus cum domos vacuas novo matrimonio fecissent, iunguntur nuptiis. Skard argues that Sallust is unlikely to have borrwed from Cicero's speech, and he points out that, instead of novis nuptiis, he has scelestis nuptiis. This phrase, he thinks, appeared in early Roman tragedy as a translation of dvoaws ydfios. On the other hand, it is improbable that Livy, when treating the early history of Rome, would have used either Cicero or Sallust. Skard finds conclusive support for his argument in the fact that Dionysius of Halicarnassus, probably following the same Roman source as Livy, used the words dvoaCwv ydfuov of Tarquinius (iv. 30. 1). This suggests that the common source had scelestae nuptiae, which has been correctly reproduced by Sallust. But if this is so, we may ask why Livy, instead ofscelestus, uses Cicero's adjective novus. And we may further observe that the twofold occurrence of the word scelus in the Cicero passage might well account for Sallust's adjective. Skard may be right, but the case for direct influence is a good deal stronger than he makes out, and he should not have ignored that awkward novo in the Livy passage!


We present a three‐dimensional electrical resistivity model of the crust and upper mantle beneath the easternmost Kunlun fault (EKLf), obtained by three‐dimensional inversion of magnetotelluric (MT) data. The crust of the Songpan‐Ganzi block is characterized by high resistivity from the surface to a depth of around 20 km, and by low resistivity in the mid‐lower crust in the depth range 20–40 km. The eastern edge of the high conductivity layer is coincident with the EKLf and the Huya fault. The electrical resistivity structure provides new insights into both (1) the generation of recent M > 6 earthquakes and (2) strain partitioning on this segment of the EKLf. Our model reveals that the Huya fault is the main branch of the EKLf in the region. Together with the EKLf, the Huya fault defines the boundary between the Songpan‐Ganzi and Bikou blocks. The mid‐lower crust of the Songpan‐Ganzi block in this region has a low resistivity that likely represents a mechanically weak layer. The 2017 Jiuzhaigou Ms7.0 earthquake and other recent M > 6 earthquakes may have been controlled by the change in viscosity in the mid‐lower crust that occurs across this boundary. The high conductivity may be acting as either (1) a channel of lower crustal flow, or (2) as a weak layer that decouples the upper and lower crust. The fact that the high conductivity layer does not extend along the north side of the Sichuan Basin questions the idea that crustal flow occurs in this area.


A method and an apparatus for detecting a downloadable conditional access system host with duplicated secure micro are provided to efficiently determine whether an SM is duplicated using authentication time difference information associated with a value of a difference between a time when a host is finally authenticated in a first address and a time when the host is authenticated in a second address. A head-end system(110) includes an AP(Authentication Proxy) server(111), an LKS(Local Key Server)(112), a DPS(Downloadable Conditional Access System Provisioning Server)(113), and an IPS(Integrated Personalization System) server(114). The head-end system is installed separately from an existing CAS(Conditional Access System) server(140). Also, the head-end system is operated independently from the CAS server, and thus is compatible with an existing cable broadcasting system. The LKS stores and manages information about keys of servers such as a key of an SM(Secure Micro), a history of ID(IDentification) information of the SM, a key of the AP server, a history of ID information of the AP server, and history of key information of the IPS server. Also, the DPS manages download-related information and policy associated with a DCAS service. The IPS server stores and manages an SM client to be downloaded to a DCAS host(160). When the DCAS host connected to a cable network exists, the AP server transmits information associated with an SM of the DCAS host to a TA(Trusted Authority)(120) to authenticate the DCAS host. The TA is a reliable external authentication device. The TA authenticates the DCAS host using the received information associated with the SM.


The Kinondoni Young Artists Association (KYAA) a painters cooperative recently moved from the suburbs to uptown Bongoville where it exhibited work at the National Museum produced by male association members. 20 artists displayed a total of 60 paintings of diverse styles and subjects. A particularly haunting picture was entitled "Stop Women Circumcision" which portrayed an agonized woman in a primitive operating theater in front of a line of women observers. Bright red paint was used to depict blood flow from the womans genital wounds. Although all of the artists live in Dar es Salaam all of the paintings were of rural settings. Nonetheless the exhibit is entertaining well organized impressive and highly worth a visit.


Keywords: 3D animation, QTVR, anaglyph, media, Geology.

Examples of media tools use in CIT applied to Geology - the GeoMedia Project. Several media tools for video, 3D modellinglanimation and sound production/editing, which are being used in the development of a multimedia Geology project, are presented. Some issues conceming dificulties felt in the use of those tools and the implementation of the respective applications, are discussed with relative detail and some ofthe found solutions are presented.


The present invention notes the input is available as the touch memo pad and on the note transport method using a mobile device that works as a touch memo pad, and more particularly, the memorandum written to the touch note pad to be attached to the case of mobile devices, the wireless communication through the transmission to the mobile device, to the mobile device having received the note on the note transport method using a mobile device that works the note, and the touch pad and touch memo note pads that can input notes that are available through the application. Touch the note type of the present invention is note pads has a first storage unit for storing the information of the touch input to the memory data on the touch pad and the touch pad for outputting the contents of performing a touch input, and the input of the first a first control unit for converting into the note transmitter for transmitting data to the mobile device and the memory data to the input to the touch pad is stored in a storage unit, or to control the transfer of the memory data from the transmitter the touch pad to note made, including jidoe has a technical meaning that characterized in that the connection to the mobile device and a wired or wireless.


The photocopy toners were collected and analyzed by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Photocopy toners produced by different factories and the different brands from same factories can be distinguished by this method. In this thesis an improved Munson's sampling method was employed. This method can avoid contamination of paper fiber. The results were stable and repeatable.


In the design of emotional qualities, which are evaluated by the customer's subjective impressions, feelings and emotions, such as a feeling towards product sound, a designer needs to find the design factors that affect the emotional quality and determine the characteristics of their effects. The authors previously proposed a method for extraction of potential emotional factors by analyzing human sensitivity towards unexplored design and applied the method for designing product sound quality. From the result using vacuum cleaners as a case study, the authors found that the existence of prominent peak tones in sound around 500Hz has the potential to improve sound quality. However, prominent peak tones are usually regarded as a factor of annoyance. In this paper, we propose an indicator for adjusting the frequency and level of peak tones to improve a product sound quality. We have assumed that the harmonic features of peak tones in noise can be used as the indicator. We created vacuum cleaner sounds having three peak tones whose harmonic features such as tonal consonance and modality are different. To evaluate the effectiveness of the harmonic features, we conducted a pairwise comparison-based sensory evaluation with two groups of participants, one consisting of those who play some musical instrument and the other of those who do not. From the experiment, we found that the peak tone harmonic features can be perceived by both groups of participants and significantly decrease their annoyance at vacuum cleaner sounds.


Aim: our aim is to study the mechanisms of improving the physical performance of 14-15-year-old female athletes in the training process macrocycle. Physical performance was measured using the Cooper test, the Harvard step test and the Ruffier-Dickson test. We revealed a significant increase of the physical performance and physical fitness of 14-15-year-old female athletes in the training process macrocycle. This increase is associated with optimization of the special physical conditioning of the female athletes and with individual correcting of the motor activity range.


Three years study was performed for the detection of parasitic diseases in the cultured and wild eel (Anguilla anguilla). A total number of 800 eel specimens (400 wild fish from lakes and 400 cultured ones from commercial fish farms in El-Sarkia, Kafr El-sheikh and El-Beharah provinces was collected and subjected to clinical signs, postmortem and parasitological examinations. Also trials for the treatment of some parasitic diseases were evaluated. The total prevalence of parasitic infection was 78.1% among the examined fish. The rate in wild and cultured eels was 72.5 and 83.8%, respectively. The total rate of Trichodina species, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, Myxidium giardi, Myxobolus dermatobius, monogeneans, Eimeria, Anguillicola crassus, Anisakiid larvae, cestodes and Ergasilus species infections was 31.25, 2.5, 12.8, 22.5, 48.8, 0.5, 78.1, 0.4, 8.9 and 19 % respectively. The detected monogenetic trematodes and its total prevalence were Pseudodactylogyrus species (31.3%), Dactylogyrus species (10%), Gyrodactylus species (4.4%) and Quadriacanthus species (3.1%). The total rate of Proteocephalus species, Cyathocephalus species and unidentified cestode infection was 6.9, 1.9 and 0.1 % respectively. The clinical signs and postmortem changes associated with each infection were recorded. Our results showed that formalin and praziquental at concentration of 0.25 ppm and 10mg/L for 1 hr was effective for controlling trichodinosis and pseudodactylogyrosis, respectively. With the aid of the radiographic method, the A. crassus infection and changes in the gasbladder of infected eel specimens can be monitored successfully. Electrophoretic analysis of adult Anguillicola crassus proteins in SDS-PAGE revealed a series of bands were illustrated. Levamisole at concentrations of 1 or 2mg/L for 24 or 48 hr showed promising result in the treatment of anguillicolosis.


Abstract : The Army's Project A was a comprehensive effort to improve the selection and classification of enlisted personnel. The Assembling Objects (AO) test was a major product of this effort. Previous research has shown AO to be an excellent measure of both overall spatial ability and complex, g-loaded problem- solving skills. In view of the great potential usefulness of the AO measure, researchers from the U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences examined the original test to develop precise, comprehensive item specifications. Using these specifications, they developed new draft items that were psychometrically tested in a field setting. The researchers then chose the best of the new items and combined them into three complete new forms that were further tested. Analyses showed that all three new forms displayed acceptable (or better) psychometric properties, at both the item and total score level, thus supporting the usefulness of the item specifications for creating new AO items and forms. These efforts should help to make the Assembling Objects test a valuable addition to the testing programs of the Army and the other armed services.


1. A composition of epoxy-polysiloxane polymer coating comprising: water, a polysiloxane having the formula: wherein each Rvybirayut of hydroxy-groups or alkyl, aryl, or alkoxy groups having up to six carbon atoms, each Rvybirayut from hydrogen or alkyl or aryl groups having to six carbon atoms, and wherein n is selected so that the molecular weight of the polysiloxane is in the range from 400 to 10000; a non-aromatic epoxy resin having more than one 1,2-epoxy group per molecule and having equiv ntnuyu weight epoxide ranging from 100 to 5000; iotverzhdayuschuyu system comprising a mixture of aminosilanes with alkoxy functional groups, wherein the mixture has an average content of alkoxy-functional groups ranging from 2.0 to 2.8, wherein the combined composition is reacted to form a crosslinked polymer structure of the epoxy polisiloksana.2. according to claim coating composition. 1, wherein the mixture comprises at least one aminosilane with dialkoxy-functional group having the general formula: R is a difunctional organic radical independently selected from aryl, alkyl, dialkilarilnyh, alkoxyalkyl, alkylaminoalkyl or cycloalkyl radicals, each r and radicals independently selected from alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl or hydroxyalkoxyalkyl groups wherein each of R, r and Ralkilnyh, aryl, or alkoxy groups having up to six atoms yz leroda.3. The coating composition of Claim. 1, wherein the curing system comprises a mixture of at least one aminosilane with dialkoxy-functionality and at least one aminosilane with trialkoksi-functionality, and wherein the mixture IME


— Pulsation period changes in Mira type variables are investigated using the stellar evolution and nonlinear stellar pulsation calculations. We considered the evolutionary sequence of stellar models with initial mass M ZAMS = 3 M (cid:2) and population I composition. Pulsations of stars in the early stage of the asymptotic giant branch are shown to be due to instability of the fundamental mode. In the later stage of evolution when the helium shell source becomes thermally unstable the stellar oscillations occur in either the fundamental mode (for the stellar luminosuty L < 5 . 4 × 10 3 L (cid:2) ) or the fi rst overtone ( L > 7 × 10 3 L (cid:2) ). Excitation of pulsations is due to the κ -mechanism in the hydrogen ionization zone. Stars with intermediate luminosities 5 . 4 × 10 3 L (cid:2) < L < 7 × 10 3 L (cid:2) were found to be stable against radial oscillations. The pulsation period was determined as a function of evolutionary time and period change rates ˙Π were evaluated for the fi rst ten helium fl ashes. The period change rate becomes the largest in absolute value ( ˙Π / Π ≈ − 10 − 2 yr − 1 ) between the helium fl ash and the maximum of the stellar luminosity. Period changes with rate | ˙Π / Π | (cid:2) 10 − 3 yr − 1 take place during ≈ 500 yr, that is nearly one hundredth of the interval between helium fl ashes.


En route to molecular electronics: As extended, conjugated oligomers are desirable for molecular electronics, their electrical conductance should display a low attenuation factor. Zinc-complexed oligo(ethynyleneporphyrindiylethynylene)s have been prepared that are distinguished by ultralow attenuation factors in single-molecule conductance.


In this paper, we present an upwind difference scheme for the valuation of perpetual American put options, using Heston's stochastic volatility model. The matrix associated with the discrete operator is an M-matrix, which ensure that the scheme is stable. We apply the maximum principle to the discrete linear complementarity problem in two mesh sets and derive the error estimates. Numerical results support the theoretical results.


Abstract : The author discusses his observations of a city with heavy snowfall in order to measure expenditures, snow removal operations, and capacity to insure traffic flow. According to the author no previous attempts have been made to gauge actual economic effect of snow removal. (Author)


Dichroic plate has orthogonally-disposed, loaded dipole apertures with their orientations arranged so as to cancel cross-coupling effects which would otherwise result in power loss to circularly polarized signal.


The world is becoming increasingly one multicultural Global village and business and education transnational, which implies that students will need to recognize accept and adjust to cultural differences in communications to succeed in their studies as well as in their future careers. This presentation is fundamentally about a niftier way of intercultural learning and knowledge-acquisition that adapts video-conferencing and Internet technology to build Web-based successful learning communities. Students can meet on interactive camera at least twice per week and thereafter at any time using Google-mail during the semester effectively forming a knowledge community. The learning community can collaborate to develop the capacity to create diffuse and distribute experiential knowledge in boundary-less and Global-campuses in virtual environments. Students from different universities will cohere to understand each other's culture without leaving their own countries. The method is cost-effective as compared to similar costly semester abroad and hiked out-of-state tuition rates. Students can access additional resources to enhance cultural competencies from the virtual libraries and faculty facilitating in the program without leaving their campuses.


This paper concerns the oscillation of solutions of the dierential eq. h r(t) (x(t))f ( x(t)) i +q (t)'(g (x(t));r(t) (x(t))f ( x(t))) = 0; where u'(u;v) > 0 for all u6 0; xg (x) > 0; xf (x) > 0 for all x6 0; (x) > 0 for all x2 R; r(t) > 0 for t t0 > 0 and q is of arbitrary sign. Our results complement the results in (A.G. Kartsatos, On oscillation of nonlinear equations of second order, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 24 (1968), 665-668), and improve a number of existing oscillation criteria. Our main results are illustrated with examples.


Abstract. Modern spacecraft design requires high density, low mass, modular electronic system architectures. This format often utilises a common backplane with Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) interconnects. Adaptable electronic systems, such as modular Data Acquisition (DAq) systems, allow for configuration via insertion and removal of modules to meet the mission requirements. Common methods to mechanically fix the PCB to the chassis are by using stand-offs, with the primary function to minimise displacement through structural rigidity and to provide strain relief to the electronic connectors. Other methods, such as PCB friction lock allow for strain relief, improved thermal grounding of the PCB to the chassis but also allows for easy insertion and removal of the PCBs. One disadvantage of this system is that the retention force of the PCB is carried by a friction lock device and under acceleration loads, typically experienced in the launch environment, may cause failure. This paper presents a method to establish compliance of PCB friction lock devices using modal Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to predict the resonant frequencies and their Mass Participation Factor (MPF). Using this data, it is proposed that the use of an adaptation of the Miles Equation along with an equivalent g-RMS estimation can be used to determine the Random Vibration Load Factors (RVLF). A comparison of the RVLF with the retention force of the friction lock device can then give insight to the friction joint compliance.


The air conditioner system serve as the main energy consumer and reason for global warm up,so the energy saving and environment protection attracted more and more concern from the world-wide.This article refers the Shui Mu Nianhua club air conditioner system as an example,which located in Xingtang,Guangzhou,to introduce the heat recovery system design and energy saving.


During 1935, the writers made a quantitative study of the parasites of 48 equines owned by the Panama Canal Department of the U. S. Army (2). In 1936, a second series of 49 equines was made available from the same source. This was at once appreciated as an excellent opportunity to check upon the earlier findings as well as to augment materially the data upon certain interesting interpretations (3). Accordingly, this second group was studied in the same manner, except that detailed studies were made upon the Strongylid parasites in but 38 cases, as it was apparent that the findings already published were accurately representative of the true situation and the value of additional studies seemed


Abstract: Evolutionary and ecological theory generates testable predictions concerning the effects of species interactions on ecological, behavioral, and morphological traits. Throughout Ohio, two closely related and ecologically similar salamander species, Plethodon cinereus and P. electromorphus, occur in similar habitats and in many localities are found in sympatry. Geographic and behavioral patterns previously described between these two species could be the result of interspecific competition, a hypothesis that also predicts distinct patterns of resource use, morphological variation, or both when the two species occur in sympatry. Here we tested these predictions by examining patterns of resource use and morphology in sympatry and compared them to patterns observed in allopatric populations of each species. We found that morphological differences in head shape between species were location-specific, with morphological divergence occurring at some sympatric locations and convergence occurring at others. The degree of food-use overlap was also variable between locations but, in general, the two species used similar food resources.


Substations - linking the transmission network (Super Grid) and the distribution network (Smart Grids) - will play a crucial role in the future extension of the energy network. The IEC 61850 standards suite is the most promising collection of standards for the design of substation communication and automation systems and has become accepted by utilities. Up to now there were no metering devices for billing according to IEC 61850 available on the market. Sampled values according to IEC 61850-9-2 can be used as input for high precisions metering. The meter as "cash-generator" in substations stores and transfers the billing values to the data acquisition system to support the billing process. The established standards for meters and data acquisition are DLMS/COSM. Further, DLMS/COSEM and IEC 61850 are based on similar structures with object models. To prove the suitability of this new metering solution based on sampled values installations are placed in substations in parallel to conventional metering solutions. Leading substation suppliers presented at CIGRE 2012 a new generation of substations with sampled values for voltage and current instead of conventional instrument transformers. Since 2012 several substations using sampled values as input for all devices were introduced worldwide. The results from thus installations are very encouraging.


Hysteresis is a common phenomenon in a type of nonlinear waves. Corresponding to the negative tangential branch of a hysteretic curve the steady wave solutions are unstable due to saddle instability; such a saddle steady wave (SSW) is a moving saddle point in the system. In a model system based on a nonintegrable equation derived in fluid and plasma physics, a clear connection is found between turbulent solutions and the appearance of hystereses. A physical cause underlying this phenomenon is the embedded saddle point. In this review paper we focus on a senario of strong turbulent motion that is related to the saddle point. It is shown that in the reference frame moving with the SSW the nonlinear wave can be transformed into a set of coupled oscillators for which the SSW provides a potential; when the orbit of the oscillators collides with the saddle point a crisis onsets; subsequently occurs another critical event during which the master oscillator gets free from the trapping of the potential, inducing a transition to spatiotemporal chaos. The turbulent state after the transition is actually a special kind of self-organized motion characteristic by on-off imperfect phase synchronization among these oscillators.


In a cellular network, the service coverage area is divided into cells, each of which is served by a base station. Although the cellular network provides great convenience for mobile users, the transmitter at the base station emits radio frequency (RF) radiation which can be harmful to humans nearby. To minimize human exposure to RF radiation, the base stations should be placed as far away from densely populated sites as possible in network planning. The problem to be solved in this paper, referred to as the minimal exposure problem, is abstracted as follows: given a set of sites and a planned cellular network that has a fixed cell size and network orientation but is movable, find a position to deploy the planned network such that the minimal distance between the sites and their corresponding base stations in the deployed network is maximized. To solve the problem, the paper proposes a new geometric diagram called the nearest-point umbrella diagram. The nearest-point umbrella diagram is comparable to the famous nearest-point Voronoi diagram. The Voronoi diagram uses the Euclidian distance between two points whereas the umbrella diagram uses the distance between a point and a cellular network. Based on the umbrella diagram, the minimal exposure problem can be solved in O(n2logn) time if there are n sites to be considered.


We thank Drs. Salehi and Shawcross for their comments on our publication "Reversal of acquired hepatocerebral degeneration with living donor liver transplantation." Our study includes a review of retrospective data of patients with acquired hepatocerebral degeneration (AHD) who were seen in 2013. Our case series gives us an insight that patients with AHD who are otherwise transplant candidates may have radiological and clinical reversal after liver transplant. Drs. Salehi and Shawcross quote a series published as correspondence in Hepatology. We would like to point out that our patients who underwent living donor liver transplantation were primarily liver transplant candidates and that neurological evaluation for Parkinsonism/movement disorders was performed during pretransplant workup and AHD was not a primary indication for liver transplant. Patients who are admitted with hepatic encephalopathy are routinely given rifaximin in our department because it became the standard of care, and our data have also been published. However, we believe that larger blinded studies over a longer period of time are needed before establishing that rifaximin used without liver transplantation may provide long-lasting benefits in AHD due to chronic liver disease. Ahmed Hassaan Qavi, M.B.B.S.


With the increasing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and education, AI is becoming a ubiquitous part of modern education. This has brought both opportunities and challenges for teachers, as AI can reduce their workload and ease their work pressure, but also requires higher levels of intelligence literacy to effectively collaborate with AI. In response to these demands, this paper draws on AI-related theories to explore the formation mechanism and practice path of teachers' intelligent literacy. By enhancing teachers' intelligence literacy and cultivating their human-computer collaborative education ability, we aim to leverage the benefits of AI in education and improve the quality of teaching and learning.


Relational uncertainty is both prominent and pivotal during the transition from deployment to reintegration. Most prior research has considered the outcomes rather than the origins of relational uncertainty, hampering the development of interventions for military couples. We theorize about two predictors of relational uncertainty during the post-deployment transition: suspicion about a partner's deception and trust. Results of an 8-wave longitudinal study involving 287 U.S. military couples (N = 4,147 observations) revealed that relational uncertainty increased over the transition for both returning service members and at-home partners. Suspicion about a partner's deception, and particularly trust, predicted the relational uncertainty of military couples at homecoming and over time. These findings advance knowledge about the roots of relational uncertainty and suggest ways to assist military couples upon reunion.


Introduction: Breast Cancers are the most common cancers among women. Thus, early detection and proper intervention is essential. Regular breast self examination (BSE) is one among the three most recommended screening tests. BSE is an easy, non-invasive and self monitoring procedure. Consequently, this study was done with an aim to determine attitude towards BSE, evaluate number of females who used BSE and among them who did so correctly, and to create awareness about breast cancers. Methods: Questionnaire based, cross-sectional descriptive study conducted for a period of 2 months with a study population of 381 female undergraduate students. Results: Majority of respondents believed that BSE was an important tool to diagnose breast cancers (95.5%) and that early diagnosis by BSE would result in successful prevention and control (89.8%). Mere 17.6% stated that they performed regular BSE. Among them, conducting BSE with shoulders straight and hands on hips (60.3%), in lying down position (64.7%), standing position (67.6%) and during bath (61.8%) was done by many. Conclusions: Most of the respondents showed a positive attitude towards BSE but the practice of BSE was found to be poor. Majority of the practicing women used the right technique. Spreading awareness about the benefits and misconceptions about BSE would aid in improving practice of BSE.


Semantic web data is a core data representation format in different technologies over web like linked open data, social networks, and knowledge graph databases. It will give the strength to these technologies while incorporating machine learning power on those data. W3C community is also working in this direction while constructing a group of SPARQL-ML. RDF-ML is a proposed web based tool which contains the capability of SPARQL processing engine. Through this tool machine learning can be applied on the built-in as well as user defined datasets in the form of RDF. This tool will produce faster results for the research community, working in the domain of semantic web and wants to produce results while applying machine learning and interpret them. This paper brief about the tool, it's utility with the aspect for SPARQL query processing along with machine learning. This paper proposed a framework for RDF-ML tool and represents the working of tool with snapshots and comparison for machine learning model on RDF data.


Background The objective of this study was to audit the presentation and outcome for patients admitted with an acute complication of diverticular disease.


This study examines the effect of Determinant Factors on Bank Syariah Indonesia's (BSI) Customer Loyalty and falls into the quantitative research area. The customers of Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) Riau are the sample for this study. The number of samples used in this study was 200, which met the standards. The data was gathered through the distribution of questionnaires, and the secondary data consisted of data or documents that supplemented and enhanced the primary data from books, magazines, journals, and other sources. The WarPLS 7.0 program performs data analysis using Structure Equation Modeling (SEM). Loyalty is the dependent variable in this study, while service quality and trust are the independent variables. These variables assess using a Likert scale using a 1-5 scale to evaluate the indicators of each variable. The results reveal no positive and significant effect between service quality and customer loyalty. However, there is a positive and significant effect between customer loyalty and trust. The study results add to the academic literature, mainly by providing new discussions about theories and literature related to the Determinants of Customer Loyalty Factors in Indonesian Islamic Banks (BSI), which is infrequent.


The size, form and color of the teeth must be in harmony with the oral and facial structures. The aim of this study was to measure mesiodistal width and shade of six anterior natural teeth of maxilla in a cross section of Central India population to act as a guide in restoration of anterior teeth in dentulous and edentulous patients. These readings were taken from 100 males and 100 females. The mean mesio-distal width and difference of each tooth on both side, combined mean mesio-distal width and difference of both side, most common shade of each tooth and difference of shade on both sides were estimated. It was observed that there is variation in mesiodistal width in right and left sides signifying that the anterior teeth are not mirror images of one another. Male subjects have greater mesiodistal width than females and right side dominates than left side. KEYWORDS: Mesiodistal width, anterior teeth, shade selection, artificial teeth. INTRODUCTION: Face is the most expressive part of human body as it determines an individual's identity. In today's world, looking good is a primary concern, as beauty in health is the 'new mantra'. The focus of dentistry in the present times is not only on prevention and treatment but on meeting the demands for better esthetics. Thus, dentistry has evolved from a curative to a creative science. The loss of teeth affects the facial appearance. Proper placement of tooth should be functional and esthetically pleasing. The size and form of the anterior teeth are important to not only dental esthetics but also are part of facial esthetics. It is a matter of great concern, when planning treatment to replace anterior teeth. The selection and arrangement of anterior teeth for edentulous patients has remained a challenging experience, especially when no pre-extraction records are available. Since it is difficult to establish firm, scientific rules or laws of esthetics for teeth arrangement, there must be blending of art and science of prosthodontics. The introduction of Dentogenic concept by Fisher and Frush has made the selection of teeth more appropriate with respect to sex, personality and age of the patient. The size, form and color of the teeth must be in harmony with the oral and facial structures. The width of the teeth is considered more critical than the length. It has been observed in various studies that there is variation in mesiodistal width of the right and left side signifying that the anterior teeth are not mirror images of one another. The artificial teeth available in the market do not differ in size for right and left sides and there is no variation for male and female subjects. In addition, there is no change in the shade of all the anterior teeth. These both factors play a major role in imparting 'denture look' to the prosthesis. Most studies done in this area do not include the population of Asia and India, one of its largest countries and no studies on measurements of tooth size and shade have been made on the Central Indian population. The aim of this study was to measure the mesiodistal width and shade of six anterior natural teeth in maxilla in a sample of Central Indian population.


The interaction between three iso-alkyldithiocarbonates (xanthates), as sodium salts, C3H7OCS2Na (I), C4H9OCS2Na (II), C5H11OCS2Na (III) and mushroom tyrosinase enzyme, MT, have been investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry to clarify thermodynamics of these bindings as well as structural changes of the enzyme due to its interaction with xanthates at 27 °C in phosphate buffer (10 mmol.L -1 ; pH=6.8). The extended solvation model was used to elucidate the effect of these xanthates on the stability of the enzyme. The values of δ θ A and δ θ B were attributed to the type of inhibition for I, II and III. The obtained results indicate that there are two identical and non-cooperative binding sites for three xanthates.


Complex networks provide a suitable framework to characterize air traffic. Previous works described the world air-transport network as a graph where direct flights are edges and commercial airports are vertices. In this work, we focus instead on the properties of flight delays in the US air- transportation network. We analyze flight performance data in 2010 and study the topological structure of the network as well as the aircraft rotation. The properties of flight delays, including the distribution of total delays, the dependence on the day of the week and the hour-by-hour evolution within each day, are characterized with special attention to flights accumulating delays longer than 12 hours. We find that the distributions are robust to changes in takeoff or landing operations, different moments of the year, or even different airports in the contiguous states. However, airports in remote areas (Hawaii, Alaska, Puerto Rico) can show peculiar distributions biased toward long delays. Additionally, we show that long-delayed flights have an important dependence on the destination airport.


The author, a Hungarian-born priest of the Benedictine Order, is Distinguished University Professor at Seton Hall University. He has served as Gifford Lecturer at the University of Edinburgh and Fremantle Lecturer at Balliol College, Oxford. He is the recipient of the 1987 Templeton Prize. The following was originally presented in Hungarian at the Christian Bioethics Conference in Budapest, June 21, 1997.


The point made by Mellman and Tedesco in their note concerning the effect of dithiothreitol on the UDPG consumption assay for galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase is well taken. It adds emphasis to our view on the need to consider the conditions in the assay for interpretation of the findings.
 Our hypothesis that low estimates of transferase activity in hemolysates of newborns might be obtained by the UDPG consumption procedure was based on our finding of epimerase activity in hemolysates of newborn infants independent of supplementary NAD.


As a tool ,advertising must be powerful and clearly targeted. Only at appropriate time can advertisement be successful.This is highly favoured in making this publication plan.


Educational design research is a new paradigm on education innovation research in Europe and America,which emphasizes analyzing general problems from specific instructional context,and designing instructional intervention with the characteristic of instructional theory,at the same time exploring the practical solution and theoretical interpretation through the iterative and progressive process with continual implication,assessment and refining.It is a systematical process with integration of design and research.In this way,education design research can bridge the relation between education theory development and education practice innovation.This paper explores the essential meanings,value orientation,iteration process and operating framework of the new paradigm from a comparative view.This research will promote the application of education design research into education research.


As an island nation that connects two oceans, Indonesia has several important choke points scattered in several points including the Malacca Strait, Sunda Strait, Lombok Strait and Makassar Strait. Lombok Strait is one of the international trade routes and the southern entrance for the shipping of ships from various countries. In addition, this strait has more privileges for storing the wealth of marine biota and tourism economic resources are quite manageable. The strategic significance of the Lombok Strait encourages the government to make appropriate policies regarding regulation and utilization. Given the Lombok Strait has a strategic meaning also for major countries such as Australia, China and the United States. Indonesia should be able to protect its economic, political and security interests within its sovereign territory. This paper will examine the challenges and opportunities faced by the Indonesian government on the Lombok Strait as an international shipping lane and how the current security system of the Lombok Strait. In addition, we will discuss the application of Particularly Sensitive Sea Area (PSSA) idea in providing special protection and plan to arrange international shipping line with Traffic Separation Scheme in Lombok Strait.


The quantitative assessment of the role of riverine and riparian vegetation biomass on the effects of plants – water flow interaction in vegetated streams constitutes the main purpose of this study. In Ecohydraulics, and Ecohydrodynamics in particular, still exists the need for evaluating the impacts of real-scale riverine vegetation properties on the flow resistance of vegetated water bodies at multiple temporal and spatial scales. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) represent a very useful tool for the detection of those properties, which can be correlated to the main hydrodynamic characteristics of the examined vegetated water flows. In the present study, the main canopy traits of riparian stands developing inside a real vegetated channel were monitored using UAV-based multispectral images to predict the effects of the interplay between plants and flow over time.


A technique is presented that will determine an efficient set of transmitters in a MIMO radar event based on tracking accuracy and energy consumption.123 The posterior Cramér-Rao lower bound (PCRLB) will provide the means of determining these optimal transmitters by placing a bound on the variance of the track state estimate. This is a predictive PCRLB since it is calculated before any measurements are taken. Optimal transmitters are chosen by minimizing a proposed cost function that incorporates the PCRLB, along with number of transmitters in the MIMO event. To account for measurement origin uncertainty, an information reduction factor (IRF) will be incorporated in the calculation of the PCRLB for each predicted measurement. Since the complexity of the cost calculation increases exponentially with the number of sensors, several approximations are made for the calculation of the PCRLB and IRF. The jacobian matrix for the sine space measurement equations are derived for use in the calculation of the PCRLB. This resource allocation scheme is evaluated using the GTRI/ONR MIMO Radar Benchmark with metrics including track completeness ratio and total cumulative energy consumption.


Importance
The COVID-19 pandemic led to disruptions in access to health care, including cancer care. The extent of changes in receipt of cancer treatment is unclear.

Objective
To evaluate changes in the absolute number, proportion, and cancer treatment modalities provided to patients with newly diagnosed cancer during 2020, the first year of the pandemic.

Design, Setting, and Participants
In this cohort study, adults aged 18 years and older diagnosed with any solid tumor between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2020, were identified using the National Cancer Database. Data analysis was conducted from September 19, 2022, to July 28, 2023.

Exposure
First year of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Main Outcomes and Measures
The expected number of procedures for each treatment modality (surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and hormonal therapy) in 2020 were calculated using historical data (January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2019) with the vector autoregressive method. The difference between expected and observed numbers was evaluated using a generalized estimating equation under assumptions of the Poisson distribution for count data. Changes in the proportion of different types of cancer treatments initiated in 2020 were evaluated using the additive outlier method.

Results
A total of 3 504 342 patients (1 214 918 in 2018, mean [SD] age, 64.6 [13.6] years; 1 235 584 in 2019, mean [SD] age, 64.8 [13.6] years; and 1 053 840 in 2020, mean [SD] age, 64.9 [13.6] years) were included. Compared with expected treatment from previous years' trends, there were approximately 98 000 fewer curative intent surgical procedures performed, 38 800 fewer chemotherapy regimens, 55 500 fewer radiotherapy regimens, 6800 fewer immunotherapy regimens, and 32 000 fewer hormonal therapies initiated in 2020. For most cancer sites and stages evaluated, there was no statistically significant change in the type of cancer treatment provided during the first year of the pandemic, the exception being a statistically significant decrease in the proportion of patients receiving breast-conserving surgery and radiotherapy with a simultaneous statistically significant increase in the proportion of patients undergoing mastectomy for treatment of stage I breast cancer during the first months of the pandemic.

Conclusions and Relevance
In this large national cohort study, a significant deficit was noted in the number of cancer treatments provided in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data indicated that this deficit in the number of cancer treatments provided was associated with decreases in the number of cancer diagnoses, not changes in treatment strategies.


In this work, an implicit, backward Euler time integration scheme is developed for an anisotropic, elastic‐plastic model based on strain‐rate potentials. The constitutive algorithm includes a sub‐stepping procedure to deal with the strong nonlinearity of the plastic potentials when applied to FCC materials. The algorithm is implemented in the static implicit version of the Abaqus finite element code. Several recent plastic potentials have been implemented in this framework. The most accurate potentials require the identification of about twenty material parameters. Both mechanical tests and micromechanical simulations have been used for their identification, for a number of BCC and FCC materials. The impact of the identification procedure on the prediction of ears in cup drawing is investigated.


Objective:To study the effect of three kinds of CuIUD on the expression of VEGF mRNA and VEGF receptor KDR in the endometium.Methods:60 cases with three kinds of CuIUD inserted were divided into three groups,the TCu380A IUD,GyneFixlN IUD and MCu IUD group.Endometium were collected before CuIUD inserted,after CuIUD inserted 1 month and after CuIUD inserted 6 months.RT-PCR method was used to detect the expression level of VEGFmRNA.Immunohistological method was used to detect the expression level of VEGF receptor KDR.Results:VEGFmRNA and VEGF KDR level had no significant difference between three groups before CulUD inserted(P0.05).VEGFmRNA and VEGF KDR level was obviously increased in three group after CulUD inserted 1 month than those before CulUD inserted,which had significant difference between different time(P0.05).VEGF mRNA level was 4.48±0.47,5.71±0.32,3.78±0.56,KDR level was 3.11±0.43,2.97±0.13,2.44±-0.19.There was no significant difference between CuIUD inserted 6 months later and before CuIUD inserted in GyneFix1N IUD and MCu IUD groups(P0.05).But there was significant difference between after CuIUD inserted 6 months and before CuIUD inserted in TCu380A IUD group.VEGF mRNA level was 4.27±0.6,KDR was 3.98±0.31(P0.05).There was positive relationship between the level of VEGF KDR and VEGFmRNA.(γ=0.625,P0.05).Conclusion:Uterine bleeding caused by CuIUD may be related to the express level of VEGF,VEGF receptor KDR and there is positive relationship between them.There is quantified relationship between VEGFKDR and VEGFmRNA in the endometrium in the women who use CuIUD and have bleeding side effect.


FIELD: machine building. SUBSTANCE: present invention relates to automotive industry, in particular to vehicles used in forest management and agriculture. Antiskid chain is installed on two wheels with tires (2) arranged one after the other with a constant interval between them, in particular on both wheels of a two-axle truck. Antiskid chain (1) comprises side guide rails chains (4) that posses lateral stability and are arranged in assembly on the sides of the tread (12) of the tires (2). Between both guide chains there is a screen (14) with chain strands. Preferably the screen is divided into drive sections (16) connected to each other only by the guide chain (4). Hinge joints (9) of the guide chains are arranged radially between the radius of the arm (12) of the tire tread and the middle part (13) of the tire. Guide chains (4), in particular, are made in the shape of leaf chains. EFFECT: technical result: to provide higher thrust at lower weight and easier installation. 21 cl, 8 dwg


The term "Smart Bracelet" mainly refers to the wearable devices that monitor and record a person's Security. Tracking physical activity and proves constructive to the women in danger and helps them to fight such odds . However, little information exists about the comparability of wearable trackers women's location . This device is a real-time, portable, Scrabble system that consists of a button that triggers the Raspberry-Pi, which sends the alert message, and our device check pulse rate and pulse rate is high then victims current location with a recorded image of the crime and also produces a high frequency alarm to draw the attention of others. Although this device has been designed primarily for women security, it can also benefit other members of the society including elderly people, a girl child or anyone who faces an unsafe situation.


Aiming at the problems of high coupling, large resource waste and low expansibility in traditional embedded WEB system development mode, this paper presents an embedded WEB system development design based on REST style. In this paper, data of the system is abstracted as a resource. The front-end initiates a resource request by the improved AJAX request, and calls the RESTful API to realize resource transmission, and the server processes the client requests through the CGI program. The implementation of this scheme improves the versatility and expansibility of embedded WEB system, and reduces the memory cost of server. It also provides a low-cost design method for embedded systems with limited storage resources.


Damiano Zito is the CEO of Progold S.p.A. which produces precious and semi-finished metal alloys in gold, platinum and titanium obtained directly with 3D printing. He is a member of the Board of Federorafi and is assigned to Regulations and Innovation, is Chairman of the "Gems and precious Metals Group" of the Italian Unification Body (UNI) and chairman of the entrepreneurial area Advisory Board of the "CUOA Foundation" Business School of Altavilla Vicentina. For his thirty years experience in the sector and prolific research activities, in 2006 he was assigned the title of ambassador of the Santa Fe' Symposium, of which he was a speaker in 6 editions. His company's Research and Development Department has received best research awards 6 times.


www.PosterPresentations.com Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is a well-known algorithm that calculates the discrete Fourier Transform of discrete data, converting from temporal or spatial domain into frequency domain. It has a wide variety of applications in engineering, science and technology as the complexity of Fourier Transform is lowered from O(N2) to O(NlogN), where N is the data size. This often leads to an order of magnitude computation reduction for large data sizes. This work illustrates how to accelerate the FFT algorithm on Qualcomm's AdrenoTM GPUs by using OpenCLTM. We show that decent FFT perf with good power and energy efficiency can be achieved on Adreno GPUs by using various optimization techniques, such as on-chip memory, improved memory access patterns, parameter tuning, and fp16 data type. Introduction Performance Analysis GPU Compute Team, Qualcomm Technologies. Inc. Vaibhav Gandhi, Hongqiang Wang, Alex Bourd vaibgand, wangh, email@example.com Optimization of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) on Qualcomm Adreno GPU


This paper analyzes the causes of growth of Africa`s debt burden, and discusses the factors that induced African countries to seek external loans as well as the factors affecting the supply of external financing. The paper studies the development of some measures of debt burden for different categories of African debtors, and arrives at a hypothesis regarding feasible levels of debt and debt service ratios. In a final section, the paper discusses the options for debt relief using a simulation of payments ability.


Scott Hadley is not a young man who gives up easily. In fact 18-year-old Scott from Tipton is making waves as one of the top emerging disabled swimmers in the country.


The influence of ultrasonic waves on suspension plant cell cultures (e.g., petunia and carrot) has been investigated. The dependency of viability, cell density, miototic division, and regeneration, on the controlled acoustic parameters' frequency of sound, energy density, treatment time, and wave type, is presented. Special focus is on the investigation of the influence of propagating plane waves, because these allow a spatially almost invariable acoustic pressure amplitude and, as a consequence, the same acoustic parameter values for all cells in the treated suspension volume. [Work supported in part by the European Commission, Contract No. ERBFMRXCT970156.]


The study aims at studying the condition of marginal land used for sugarcane farming operation in order to know the classification of marginal land and potential marginal land, analysis of the reasons for selecting sugarcane farmers of marginal land and do the analysis steps in overcoming the limitations of sugarcane farmers in sugarcane farming land. This study will be conducted in four different villages in the district of Dukuhseti, Pati, Central Java since the four villages were found a lot of marginal land for cane farming with the case study method. Data were collected by interview, observation, documentation and focus group discussion.

Some of the conclusions in this study were as follows: 1) Land in the study can be classified into four classifications; normal, marginal, very marginal and critical. 2) Land with the normal condition was 173 ha or 20, 69% of all the land in the research setting so that the rest of nearly 80% was marginal land, very marginal and critical. 3) Cane farmers could be classified into five groups: cane farmers traders, intermediaries cane farmers, big tenant cane farmers, landowners of small cane farmers and small tenant cane farmers.


Authors' Response:

We are happy to respond to the comments by Drs. Park, Ko, and Park related to the statistical methods and assumptions used in our study. The following points address their concerns:

1. Defining a study population depends on the purpose of a study. No matter whether the data are from a census or from a sample survey, they can always be embedded in a "super" sample. Alternatively, the collected data can be regarded as a population. This is easily done by defining an appropriate probability space. Once the probability space is defined, statistical methods can be used to analyze the data. Please refer to Durrett1 and Shao2 (chapter 1) for more details.

2. A statistical model is an approximation to the distribution of the population (which is never known) we want to study. If the sample size is large enough, it doesn't matter whether n or n-1 is used in the denominator in estimating the standard deviation.

3. It seems that Dr. Park et al. are trying to challenge the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis is a rigorous statistical method based on a solid theoretical background. Of course, it has its own shortcomings. For example, selection bias may void the analysis results. However, this is totally out of the control of the meta-analysis. See Whitehead3 for more details.

We hope this clarifies the questions posed by Drs. Park, Ko, and Park.

The authors report no conflicts of interest related to this letter.


Input subsidies provide an operationally simple and politically attractive way of addressing multiple objectives. Economic objectives include stimulating production, offsetting high transport costs and input supply costs, making inputs affordable to farmers without credit, and allowing farmers to learn about the benefits of new inputs. In addition, they serve the social objective of transferring income to poor farmers. Input subsidies are an indirect, and relatively inefficient, way of addressing these objectives; they distort the allocation of resources, are prone to capture by vested interests, and often become fiscally costly. Innovative design features can mitigate some of these problems, but if input subsidies are deemed to have a short- to medium-term role it is important that their use does not crowd out spending on essential public goods, or compromise a long term approach of eliminating market failures – as opposed to offsetting them – and getting private markets working without subsidies.


If the reproduction condition is satisfied during the game progress, and displays the reproduced image to reproduce a particular scene of the game progress. When displaying a reproduced image to modify the parameters of the game progress in a particular scene for playback, and the basis of the parameters is modified to reproduce a particular scene. When return to the game screen and reads out the saved parameters. It can display a proper image reproduction.


Solitary congenital nonparasitic cyst of the liver is a rare and usually incidental lesion. It may arise from aberrant intrahepatic ducts.' ' The right lobe is involved twice as often as the left, and the cyst most commonly occupies the anterior undersurface of the liver.' Occasionally, congenital cystic disease of the liver occurs as part of a complex anomaly that includes cysts in the kidneys, pancreas, and lungs. Hepatic cysts are seen in about 30% of patients with adult polycystic disease of the kidney.4


Purpose To investigate refractive and visual outcomes and complications of the Supracor procedure to treat presbyopia. Methods A total of 123 eyes from 68 presbyopic patients with hyperopia were enrolled in this prospective, nonrandomized, clinical trial. The Supracor procedure was performed using the Technolas excimer laser 217P (Technolas Perfect Vision GmbH). Follow-up eye examinations were performed at postoperative day 1, month 1, and month 6. Results All 123 surgeries were uneventful. At 6 months postoperatively, uncorrected distance visual acuity was 20/20 or better in 27 (22.0%) eyes and 20/25 or better in 45 (36.6%) eyes. At 6 months postoperatively, 35 (28.5%) eyes lost 1 line and 13 (10.6%) eyes lost 2 lines of corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA). At 6 months postoperatively, uncorrected near visual acuity was 20/20 or better in 95 (77.2%) eyes and 20/25 or better in 110 (89.4%) eyes. At 6 months postoperatively, 6 (4.9%) eyes lost 1 line of corrected near visual acuity. Conclusions The Supracor presbyopia procedure showed good near visual acuity outcomes over 6 months follow-up but loss of CDVA occurred in 39.1% of eyes.


16 We report an in vitro RNA synthesis assay for the RNA dependent RNA polymerase 17 (RdRP) of rabies virus (RABV). We expressed RABV large polymerase protein (L) in insect cells 18 from a recombinant baculovirus vector and the phosphoprotein cofactor (P) in Escherichia coli 19 and purified the resulting proteins by affinity and size exclusion chromatography. Using 20 chemically synthesized short RNA corresponding to the first 19-nt of the rabies virus genome 21 we demonstrate that L alone initiates synthesis on naked RNA, and that P serves to enhance 22 initiation and processivity of the RdRP. The L-P complex lacks full processivity, which we 23 interpret to reflect the lack of the viral nucleocapsid protein (N) on the template. Using this 24 assay, we define the requirements in P for stimulation of RdRP activity as residues 11-50 of P, 25 and formally demonstrate that ribavirin triphosphate (RTP) inhibits the RdRP. By comparing the 26 properties of RABV RdRP with that of the related rhabdovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), 27 we demonstrate that both polymerases can copy the heterologous promoter sequence. The 28 requirements for engagement of the N-RNA template of VSV by its polymerase are provided by 29 the C-terminal domain (CTD) of P. A chimeric RABV P in which the oligomerization domain (OD) 30 and the CTD were replaced by that of VSV P stimulated RABV RdRP activity on naked RNA, but 31 was insufficient to permit initiation on the VSV N-RNA template. This result implies that 32 interactions between L and the template N are also required for initiation of RNA synthesis extending our knowledge of ribonucleoprotein interactions that are critical for gene expression. Current understanding of the structural and functional significance of the components 37 of the rabies virus replication machinery is incomplete. Although structures are available for 38 the nucleocapsid protein in complex with RNA, and also for portions of P information on both 39 the structure and function of the L protein are lacking. This study reports the expression and 40 purification of the full-length L protein of RABV and a characterization of its RdRP activity in 41 vitro. The study provides a new assay that has utility for screening inhibitors and understanding 42 their mechanism of action, as well as defining new interactions that are required for RdRP 43 activity. 6 In the present study, we adapt this in vitro RNA synthesis assay to RABV. Like VSV, we demonstrate that RABV L copies naked RNA, and that RABV P stimulates the RdRP activity. The stimulatory activity of P depends upon specific sequences within its NTD that cannot be provided by the equivalent region of VSV P. Both VSV and RABV L can, however, initiate and copy the heterologous RNA templates demonstrating the importance of the cognate proteins in regulating template function. We further test the importance of the requirements for homologous proteins by generating a chimeric P that contains the L binding (P NTD ) of RABV and the oligomerization and N-RNA binding domains (P OD and P CTD ) of VSV. This chimeric P provides the stimulatory activity to RABV L in copying naked RNA in vitro but is insufficient to allow copying of the VSV N-RNA. This work extends a powerful in vitro assay to the study of RABV polymerase that may aid in the development of inhibitors that target polymerase, and uncovers a previously unappreciated interaction between the polymerase and the template associated N required for initiation.


The computer system authentication consists of two parts, identification and verification. Usually login id and password is used for identification and verification. In today's modern era, the need to secure user privacy is at its peak. In this paper we propose a secure method for signing in using QR codes by using mobile application. Using this method, the user can sign in to their account by verifying QR code and 12 digit code. During the process of authentication it does not ask for login id hence a stolen password cannot be used for accessing the data. The security can be provided by using user authentication, device authentication and QR code as a protocol method. This model is secure against the attackers and possibility of being attacked. We designed a technique for QR code where only the authorized users can encrypt and retrieve the secret code from QRcode.


Abstract : In this thesis, production of dense water that feeds the dense overflows across the Greenland-Scotland Ridge has been considered. A new circulation scheme is developed which is consistent with the water masses, currents and air-sea fluxes in the region, and with the important observation that the dense overflows show little or no seasonal or interannual variability. An inverse box model has been constructed that shows that the new circulation scheme is consistent with conservation statements for mass, heat and salt as well. (MM)


This paper investigates return and volatility spillover effects between the small, medium and large size firms using the multivariate GARCH framework (By size we mean a company's value on the stock market: the number of shares it has outstanding multiplied by the share price. This is known as market capitalization, or cap size). Using the monthly data from January 1995 to March 2006, we find that return and volatility transmission mechanisms between large and small firms in Tehran Stock Exchange market are asymmetric. In particular, there are significant spillover effects in returns from the portfolio of smaller stocks to the portfolio of larger stocks. For volatility, there is also evidence of limited feedback from the portfolios of smaller stocks to the portfolios of larger stocks.


Short speech duration remains a critical factor of performance degradation when deploying a speaker verification system. To overcome this difficulty, a large number of commercial applications impose the use of fixed pass-phrases. In this context, we show that the performance of the popular i-vector approach can be greatly improved by taking advantage of the phonetic information that they convey. Moreover, as i-vectors require a conditioning process to reach high accuracy, we show that further improvements are possible by taking advantage of this phonetic information within the normalisation process. We compare two methods, Within Class Covariance Normalization (WCCN) and Eigen Factor Radial (EFR), both relying on parameters estimated on the same development data. Our study suggests that WCCN is more robust to data mismatch but less efficient than EFR when the development data has a better match with the test data.


Abstract Analysis of Little Owl (Athene noctua) pellets collected from Safawi area, Jordan, has revealed the presence of at least six species of reptiles belonging to three families (Gekkonidae, Lacertidae and Agamidae), four mammalian species representing three families (Cricetidae, Muridae and Dipodidae), two unidentified bird species, one scorpion, one solifugid, five beetles belonging to two families (Tenebrionidae and Buprestidae), and one species of the order Orthoptera. These findings suggest that A. noctua is a diurnal hunter in the Safawi area.


Airway epithelial cells respond to certain environmental stresses by mounting a proinflammatory response, which is characterized by enhanced synthesis and release of the neutrophil chemotactic and activating factor interleukin-8 (IL-8). IL-8 expression is regulated at the transcriptional level in part by the transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)-κB. We compared intracellular signaling mediating IL-8 gene expression in bronchial epithelial cells culturedin vitro and exposed to two inducers of cellular stress, sodium arsenite (AsIII), and vanadyl sulfate (VIV). Unstimulated bronchial epithelial cells expressed IL-8, and exposure to both metal compounds significantly enhanced IL-8 expression. Overexpression of a dominant negative inhibitor of NF-κB depressed both basal and metal-induced IL-8 expression. Low levels of nuclear NF-κB were constitutively present in unstimulated cultures. These levels were augmented by exposure to VIV, but not AsIII. Accordingly, VIV induced IκBα breakdown and NF-κB nuclear translocation, whereas AsIIIdid not. However, both AsIII and VIV enhanced κB-dependent transcription. In addition, AsIII activation of an IL-8 promoter-reporter construct was partially κB-dependent. These data suggested that AsIII enhanced IL-8 gene transcription independently of IκB breakdown and nuclear translocation of NF-κB in part by enhancing transcription mediated by low levels of constitutive nuclear NF-κB.


In common osteological practice, there are few opportunities to verify the relationship between morphological similarity and the biological relatedness of individuals. This contribution expands knowledge in this area based on research into a family tomb from Vetlá (Bohemia, 19th–20th centuries), where 131 non-metric cranial traits were monitored in 7 skulls and the degree of similarity between individuals was calculated using a similarity coefficient. Trait frequencies were evaluated within the family and compared to a reference sample. Due to the small number of individuals statistical methods were not applied, and the authors focused on graphical representation of the results. It was confirmed that a positive relationship between the degree of similarity of individuals and their degree of relatedness is visible. At the same time, in the group of biologically related individuals a greater similarity and a lower degree of its variability was apparent than in unrelated individuals. The average frequency of all the evaluated traits together also appears to be higher in the family sample than in the reference sample. In addition, several individual traits were found to support the documented kinship of individuals, not only on the skulls but also on the scapula.


The local elections are the means of leadership succession in the regions held by the principles of democracy by involving the public directly as constituents. In the local elections, the political participation of the people is influenced by the quality of prospective head region as a candidate in local elections. Qualified prospective regional heads are expected to significantly affect the political participation of the people who choose it. But in several local elections the quality of regional head or candidates did not significantly affect the political participation of the people, instead of a decline in the political participation of the community which is far from being targeted by the KPU (general election commission). Decline in political participation was caused by several things, such as, among others, administrative factors, technical factors, political factors and factors of rational calculation constituents. But, in order to keep the political participation of the community increase and the quality of democracy, the candidate of the regional head must have good qualities and qualifications.


Computers today are an integral part of individuals' lives all around the world; but unfortunately these devices are toxic to the environment given the materials used, their limited battery life and technological obsolescence. Hence, the purpose of this study was to cross-culturally assess the green computing habits of consumers and determine if attitudes would change when confronted with information regarding their toxicity. The three countries under study include the US, a developed country, Romania, a transitioning economy and Bangladesh, a Least Developed Country (LDC). Findings of a survey conducted indicate that green computing habits in Romania and Bangladesh are similar to those in the US. Specifically, results support previous research and showed that across cultures, individuals are concerned about the hazardous materials ever present in computers, even if the importance of various attributes differs, and that a more environment-friendly attitude can be obtained through exposure to educational materials. Across all three countries there were several green computing attributes that were important to all which included: putting the computer in sleep mode, wishing the computers were recyclable or were made with recycled parts, turning off the computer when not in use and desiring that organizations provide free e-waste disposal. When prospecting the computer market, respondents in the US and Romania report looking for power saving features. Respondents in Bangladesh and Romania also show interest in having more information about the production process and its impact on the environment, such as the amount of greenhouse emissions. Those in Bangladesh and the US think that companies should reduce packaging for computers.


We propose a scheme to measure the quantum state of a nanomechanical oscillator cooled near its ground state of vibrational motion. This is an extension of the nonlinear atomic homodyning technique scheme first developed to measure the intracavity field in a micromaser. It involves the use of a detector atom that is simultaneously coupled to the resonator via a magnetic interaction and to (classical) optical fields via a Raman transition. We show that the probability for the atom to be found in the ground state is a direct measure of the Wigner characteristic function of the nanomechanical oscillator. We also investigate the back-action effect of this destructive measurement on the state of the resonator.


Polarized Raman and IR spectra have been measured for Y(HCOO)3·2H2O single crystal at room temperature. Assignment of the observed bands to the respective internal and external vibrations was proposed on the basis of factor group approach for the orthorhombic P212121 (D24) space group and the literature data for the other metal formates. The results obtained for the spontaneous Raman scattering have been used in the discussion of the stimulated Raman spectra of the material studied. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Objective To study the measures to reduce the prescribed drugs retuned from outpatients and promote the rational use of drugs by analyzing its reasons.Methods Four hundred prescriptions returned to the pharmacy by outpatients in January-June 2011 were included in this study.The incidence of prescribed drugs returned from outpatients,departments that returned prescribed drugs,types of prescribed drugs returned from outpatients,and reasons why prescribed drugs were returned were analyzed.Results The main reasons for outpatients to return their prescribed were adverse reaction(32.75%),changes in their condition(28.50%),requirement of patients(18.75%),and improperly prescribed drugs(8.00%).Conclusion The incidence of prescribed drugs returned from outpatients can be effectively reduced by strengthening the communication between doctors and patients,improving the ability of doctors to make adjustment of prescriptions,and promoting rational use of drugs.


The effects of N, P and K levels on yield and mineral nutrition of two cupuacu (Theobroma grandiflorum) cultivars were studied in an experiment on a Ultissol in Central Amazonia. A randomized block design with split-plots and three replications was used. The treatments applied on the plots were: N1P1K1; N1 P1 K0; N1 P0 K1; N0 P1K1; N1 P1 K2; N1 P2 K1 e N2 P1 K1; and on the split-plots: two cupuacu cultivars, seeded and seed-less. The 0, 1 and 2 levels of N, P and K were, respectively, 0, 60 and 120 kg ha-1 of N as urea, 0, 100 and 200 kg ha-1 of P2O5 as treble superfosfate, and 0, 80 and 160 kg ha-1 of K20, as KCl. Based on this study, it was not possible to make formal recommendations for fertilization of cupuacu, however, trends in mineral nutrient requirements for this crop were evident. Based on the 3year mean yield, nitrogen fertilizer had no effect on crop yields, neither P fertilizer at high levels. However, a positive linear yield response to K application was observed, principally for the seeded cultivar. The lowest yield occurred in the absence of P.


The authors of this paper are doctors in psychiatry and psychotherapy in an outpatient psychiatric center to which adult migrant patients are referred. Based on several short clinical cases, this paper discusses the complexity of the therapist's relations with migrant patients who are facing deportation. This paper does more than make recommendations. It examines the transferential and counter-transferential repercussions in a situation where an administrative decision is imposed on the patient and the therapist. What are the risks of making light of a psychopathological reflection due to the injunction to act out brought by the patient and/or his environment and/or the therapist?


Additions and corrections to the lists of Lepidoptera of Tula Province are given, which contain 40 species, 36 of which species are listed for the province for the first time, 9 species (Stigmella naturnella (Klimesch, 1936), Stigmella tiliae (Frey, 1856), Stigmella microtheriella (Stainton, 1854), Stigmella catharticella (Stainton, 1853), Stigmella magdalenae (Klimesch, 1950), Rebelia nocturnella (Alpherak?, 1876), Agonopterix sp.pr. cnicella (Treitschke, 1832), Monochroa lutulentella (Zeller, 1839), Phycitodes lacteella (Rothschild, 1915)) — for the first time for the Central European Russia, 1 species (Aristotelia coeruleopictella (Caraja, 1920)) — for the first time for European Russia, 1 species (Stigmella ulmivora (Fologne, 1860) — for the first time for Russia. One species (Cyclophora porata (Linnaeus, 1767)), known after pre-Soviet material, is rediscovered in the province. Two species (Eudonia murana (Curtis, 1827) and Leptidea morsei (Fenton, 1882)) are excluded from the regional list due to the unreliability of the initial records. Additionally 1 species (Polyommatus bellargus (Rottemburg, 1775)) is given for the first time for the Oryol Province.


The present invention utilizes the identification information of a printer driver, set for each user or user group the user belongs to (sector number, etc.), and information related to print settings of the printer other than the identification information among a plurality of users There. Data output means via the network connection with the at least one printer, comprising: a printer in communication with the data transceiver unit, as well as related to print settings of the printer driver of the printer. The printer driver comprising: obtaining user information unit for inputting identification information for identifying a user or a group of which (sector number, etc.) of the unit, and holding the input identification information with the user information associated with the above-described acquired the unit, the user data transmission and reception unit information based on the acquired identification information of the print when held to notify the printer.


Due to hygienic reasons in many cases a very high elimination of particulates (e.g. pathogens like parasites) is often aspired especially for the treatment of surface water or unsufficiently protected ground-water. These high elimination rates should always be met with sufficient reliability. Possibilities to meet such demands can be seen in the optimization (eventually also in the strengthening) of existing conventional treatment plants, especially if these are working according to a multi-barrier-principle. Furthermore, a so called fine-filtration step (membrane-filtration, Fibrotex-filtration, precoat-filtration etc.) can be integrated in a conventional drinking water treatment process to achieve an improvement of the quality of the clean water with sufficient reliability. To control the treatment efficiency at least a continous measurement of the turbidity in the effluent of each single filter should be sustained. If necessary, an advanced control of the filtrate quality can be achieved using particle analysis.


'The world's shortest highway' is 1 metre long and was built in 2019 by a Romanian businessman as part of the campaign 'Romania wants highways'. This brought interesting evolutions to the landscape of social movements in Eastern Europe. It was a highly personalised campaign, one which faced several internal contradictions and displayed an uncritical adoption of stereotypes about progress and development. We argue that it produced a discourse that revolves around 'Westernisation' and 'nationhood'. As this article seeks to demonstrate, the campaign is framed in a discourse of 'entrepreneurial populism'. By analysing this discourse, we contribute with a peculiar case to the debates on the varieties of populism and on the culture of business celebrities. Our analysis indicates that, although this single-issue campaign is nominally about highways, its substance is rather about business celebrities occupying the space of social activism.


Being "daydream" literature,the time,space and figure image become visible content of the the aerial historical fiction,which masks the deep intention——desir.The desires being disguised mainly embody:lust,material and right.They reflect indirectly the mentality of the modern in the trouble of desir.


Necessary and indivertible process of globalization undoubtedly has numerous positive effects, but for most of the developing countries globalization as a consequence didn't have positive economic effects. The most important disadvantage and the most often argument for the skeptics and critics of the globalization and its consequences is increasing gap in allocation of income between poor and rich. That is the most often critic towards IMF whose role should be helping governments to challenge globalization, economic development, macroeconomic stability and reduce poverty. The globalization today, with time distance from "Washington consensus", is considered as deeply contradictory process. While analyzing recent studies in this paper unfairly, but on purpose the positive effects of globalization process are omitted and focus is on papers that are dealing with negative aspects in context of increasing number of poor and increasing gap between poor and rich. The first part of the paper is considering some of the set out critics of globalization with a focus on role of the IMF and its accomplishment and failures. The second part of the paper is study of connection between movement of poverty and income, and distribution of the increased income, where the given results are undoubtedly on the side of the critics of globalization process. The results are in some cases compared with KOF index of globalization. The third part of the paper is narrowing study on the selected transitional countries and is examining the correlation between GINI index and KOF index of globalization, with review of given relations in Republic of Croatia. Comparing results with up to now published results the paper is concluding a lots of time mentioned thesis about problems with globalization structure and its fundament regarding a liberalization of market, if all that for a consequence has a larger polarization of the world. The main culprit of globalizations negative effects large number of authors finds in inadequate institutional mechanisms, therefore the possible solution for negative effects is proposed in regulation mechanism. And again, as well as a many times throughout the history, neoliberal idea has less and less arguments and more and more poverty. It is impossible to imagine modern economy without globalization. Globalization is the one that shapes economic developments at the global level. The crisis spills over from developed to developing countries. A modern economy brings economic benefits to most of the population, but it also shows tendencies reverse proportionality, since it harms the poorest.


This work is concerned with a numerical study of the laminar flow of a viscous fluid between two coaxial cones, with the inner one rotating on which a constant axial flow is imposed. The two cones have the same apex angle value, so that the gap width between them is constant. Two configurations of the same volume are studied: (i) divergent flow passage (Div) and (ii) convergent flow passage (Cov), which represents geometrically the reverse case of (i). Analysis with the aid of the boundary layer assumptions is carried out by the use of an implicit finite difference method. A coordinate transformation is applied to the governing equations in order to remove the explicit effect of the apex angle from the calculation process for both cases, so that the boundary conditions can be simplified. The swirl characteristics are studied in both configurations with regard to the same inlet flux and the same rotation speed of the inner cone. The competition between centrifugal and axially-transporting effects in both cases is discussed. As a result, it is found that the swirl increases in Div from the entrance for a fixed value of the apex angle, while the swirl evolution in Cov depends strongly on the apex angle value.


The research was aimed to obtain male and female rows ratio and best pruning technique towards SINHAS 1 maize production. This research was conducted in Experimental Farm Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Tamalanrea District, Makassar, South Sulawesi with elevation of 22,4 meters above the sea level throughout May – August 2020. The experiment was carried out in the form of Split Plot Design with male-female row ratio as main plot, which consisted of three levels: 1:2 ratio, 1:3 ratio, and 1:4 ratio. Sub plot was pruning techniques: no pruning, male parent pruning and leaf pruning under the cob of female parent. The result showed that the favorable male-female row ratio towards SINHAS 1 maize production was 1:4 ratio. Male parent pruning was the best pruning technique for SINHAS 1 maize production. The interaction between male-female ratio and best pruning technique was 1:3 male-female ratio with male parent pruning technique. Characters that showed positively direct significance towards productivity were cob diameter, cob length, and number of seed rows per cob


Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae) is an external parasitic mite that has compromised honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) health worldwide. Varroa mite resistance to commercial formulations of synthetic acaricides has led to an increasing need for new compounds to control mite infestations in honey bee colonies. Thus, essential oils and plant extracts have been used by organic producers concerned about the environment because they are low‐risk pesticides. This study tested the toxicity of four natural compounds: carvone, citral, cineole and limonene to mites and bees under laboratory conditions. Tau‐fluvalinate was used as positive control. Seven concentrations with logarithmic interval were used to test each compound. The safety margin of the compounds for the bees was calculated from selectivity ratios. Carvone was significantly more toxic to varroa mites (LC50 = 272.74 μg/ml) than the other three compounds but did not differ with tau‐fluvalinate (LC50 = 272.30 μg/ml). Citral was the second most toxic compound to mites (LC50 = 318.54 μg/ml), followed by cineole (LC50 = 3897.65 μg/ml) and limonene (LC50 = 3003.94 μg/ml). Citral and carvone showed low toxicity to worker bees at both 24 and 48 hpt. The LD50 values for citral, carvone and tau‐fluvalinate were 78,459, 106,620 and 143.02 μg/ml at 24 hpt, respectively, which were significantly different from each other. The relative selectivity ratios calculated for carvone, citral and tau‐fluvalinate were 390.9, 246.3 and 0.53, respectively. This study provides preliminary laboratory evidence for the effectiveness and safety of two plant compounds, carvone and citral, that could potentially be used for the control of V. destructor infestations in honey bee colonies.


In this paper, we have investigated the teleportation of quantum Fisher information (QFI) for a single qubit system using a class of X-states as resources influenced by decoherence channels with memory, including amplitude-damping, phase-damping and depolarizing channels. Using the QFI to quantify the quality of teleportation, we first derive the explicit analytical results of QFIs with respect to the weight parameter () and phase parameter () under these decoherence channels, and find that both and are strongly dependent on the initial state's parameters ci, noisy channel parameters D and , as well as the teleported state's parameters and . For comparison with the teleportation of the single qubit case, we have also addressed the teleportation of QFI for a two-qubit entanglement system. The results show that , for a single qubit state, is more robust against noisy channels than that for a two-qubit state. However, for a two-qubit state is more robust than that of a single qubit state against noisy channels.


A method for the determination of organophosphate pesticides, dichlorvos, phorate, dimethoate and parathion, in human plasma is described by solid extraction-gas chromatography with flame photometric detection. The recovery rates of all the pesticides from blood are above 74%, while the RSD is from 7.8% to 20.0%. The detection limit is 10 μg/L for phorate and parathion, and 5 μg/L for dichlorvos and dimethoate. There is little interference from impurities in the method. It has been used to detect samples from clinical poisoned patients, and proved to be simple, sensitive and accurate.


1. Exclusive and excluded: sf and the mainstream. There are two ways of approaching science fiction from a sociological point of view. The first is to construct a sociology about sf: in this perspective, it becomes a crucial subject of study, not because of its aesthetic or literary interest, but as a site where some of the cultural and social processes of contemporary society can be read. During the past few decades, sociologists, philosophers, and cultural theorists have all used this approach when they turned their attention to sf. Fredric Jameson's often quoted statement-that cyberpunk is "the supreme literary expression if not of postmodernism, then of late capitalism itself" (419 n. 1; emphasis in original)-reflects a shared consciousness among social theorists that sf literature-not just cyberpunk, but the whole field-is something to be taken seriously, for it may help us to reach a better understanding of certain aspects of contemporary society, such as the (post)modern experience of time or public attitudes towards science. As early as 1958, the sociologist Walter Hirsch carried out a content analysis of over 300 stories published in the popular magazines in order to outline the image of scientists constructed in popular sf. Since then, a significant number of studies have approached sf in this manner, always stressing its sociological relevance as a reflection of wider social trends. Until recent years, however, little research has been carried out on the specific sociology of sf; that is, on the social dynamics of the sf community, the peculiar sociological environment where writers, readers, critics, scholars, and the industry get together and produce sf.


once upon a time, there was something called 'literature'. It wasn't quite what in Arabic is known as adab, which had more to do with eloquence and learning. nor did it really overlap with the classicist Chinese notions of wen, jing or ji. It didn't even coincide with what had previously been known as 'literature', namely, all learning and all poetry that had been handcopied or printed and subsequently bound in codex format. Books, that is. no, literature was something else. It was always easier to say what it was not, than what it was. It was not Scripture. It was not philosophy. It was not rhetoric. It was not geography or history. It was emphatically not a set of how-to-do books for your would-be farmer, mechanic, or seamstress. Literature – and I am thinking of how the term emerged in the post-kantian, Romantic turn in a small part of the minuscule continent of Europe – was its own end. It wasn't a means to an end external to literature, but an end unto itself. Even more importantly, this end could not be defined normatively in terms of unchanging rules. Rather, each 'genius', each 'nation', each 'people' – to use the Romantic vocabulary – would produce literature that was original and new, properly its own. This is an interesting twist. If 'literature' in its Romantic definition wanted nothing to do with utilitarian, didactic or even religious demands, it was nonetheless subject to change, hence to the pressures of history and place. Literature may have been detached – in theory – from the practical realm of life as the purely aesthetic aspect of language, but aesthetics, in turn, no longer enjoyed a secure foundation. The future of literature could not be known or prescribed, only its past. And this past must be grasped in its changeable aspects. As literary scholars, we are all products of this Romantic legacy. no matter how deconstructionist, materialist, postcolonial, feminist or queer our vocabularies, our very institutional affiliation, our imbrication with the system of university systems in which 'literature' has been privileged as a distinct (if undefinable) object of study, ensures that it is operational even in its negation as we go about our business of teaching students and writing papers. The high premium that is placed on nurturing/discovering/studying a literature that is properly 'one's own' and not 'derivative' is in itself the most visible sign of the Romantic legacy. I believe it is a good time to be reminded of this in South Africa, particularly in connection with what is known as 'English'. In my understanding, the dominant strand of South African literary studies has been organized precisely under the auspices of this amorphous discipline. I am aware of other headings such as 'General Literature' in Cape Town and 'African Literature'


SummaryModifications of the ballistic pendulum to permit of the measurement of the work of rupture of short textile samples of a minimum length of 0.1 inch are discussed and an instrument of satisfactory performance is described. Details are given of its applications and limitations.


This paper briefly discusses the modern cause and effect chain theory and describes the actual application of the modern cause and effect chain theory in the hydropower engineering safety management and the significance of the application,based on the practice of workshop construction safety management in Gong Boxia Hydropower Station,helpful to the hydropower engineering safety management to some extent.


In the complex environment of the health care delivery system, a wide variety of health technologies interact with many other interventions and inputs, and as technology continues to evolve, so does its impact on health outcomes, health services operation, and financial resources. The scope of technologies for health extends from those that provide a direct benefit to patient's health, i.e. pharmaceuticals and medical devices, to those that support health service delivery function, i.e. human resource development and resource management. Within this paradigm, health care technologies, and in particular, related healthcare technology management strategies, have repeatedly come under the spotlight as health care providers seek to identify cost-effective methods for providing equitable and quality health care with the limited resources available. In response to this urgent need, the World Health Organization (WHO) and its Collaborating Centre for Essential Health Technologies at the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) embarked, in 1996, on a major research initiative, to develop a comprehensive tool for rational resource planning and management of healthcare technology and interventions. This work has resulted in the development of the Essential Healthcare Technology Package (EHTP), a tool made up of three components the concept, methodology and a software tool.


Automatic control system of spraying robot in field was designed for reducing working strength and risk to human body for manual spraying. The design of system includes two parts: the design of guidance control system and spraying control system. The approach of guidance presented here is a simple and effective solution for the path tracking problem of a 4-Wheel Differentially Steered (4WDS) mobile robot using a PID controller which can reduce speed when turn the corner to enhance the guidance precision. The proposed control strategy uses a simple method to avoid motion interference among the four wheels. Control of the platform is provided through a platform computer (PC104 system). Experiment results demonstrate that this controller can ensure the robot to turn at small radius and adjust its advance speed as turning the corner automatically. The machine structure and control system of spraying system were also described. Experiments of spraying control in greenhouse were preceded and the results indicated the spraying system could accomplish spraying control command and realizing automatic spraying.