Simple Summary Ovarian high-grade serous cancer (HGSC), the most common and the deadliest subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer, is characterized by frequent mutations in the TP53 tumor suppressor gene, encoding for the p53 protein in nearly 100% of cases. This makes p53 the focus of many studies trying to understand its role in HGSC. The aim of our review paper is to provide updates on the latest findings related to the role of mutant p53 in HGSC. This includes the clinical outcomes of TP53 mutations in HGSC, upstream regulators and downstream effectors of p53, its function in the earliest stages of HGSC development and in the interplay between the tumor cells and their microenvironment. We summarize with the likelihood of p53 mutants to serve as biomarkers for early diagnosis and as targets for therapy in HGSC. Abstract Mutations in tumor suppressor gene TP53, encoding for the p53 protein, are the most ubiquitous genetic variation in human ovarian HGSC, the most prevalent and lethal histologic subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The majority of TP53 mutations are missense mutations, leading to loss of tumor suppressive function of p53 and gain of new oncogenic functions. This review presents the clinical relevance of TP53 mutations in HGSC, elaborating on several recently identified upstream regulators of mutant p53 that control its expression and downstream target genes that mediate its roles in the disease. TP53 mutations are the earliest genetic alterations during HGSC pathogenesis, and we summarize current information related to p53 function in the pathogenesis of HGSC. The role of p53 is cell autonomous, and in the interaction between cancer cells and its microenvironment. We discuss the reduction in p53 expression levels in tumor associated fibroblasts that promotes cancer progression, and the role of mutated p53 in the interaction between the tumor and its microenvironment. Lastly, we discuss the potential of TP53 mutations to serve as diagnostic biomarkers and detail some more advanced efforts to use mutated p53 as a therapeutic target in HGSC.


Some kinematical consequences of the causal tachyons possible in bi-metric theories are considered.

Tachyonen in bimetrischen Gravitationstheorien

Einige kinematische Konsequenzen der in bimetrischen Theorien auftretenden kausalen Tachyonen werden diskutiert.


There have been many theories developed to explain the discount that existed for closed end funds. But few valuation models for closed end funds were ever developed. In this paper, a valuation model for closed-end fund is derived using the CAPM, which may be considered a breakthrough in the field of closed-end funds since a formula for estimating the theoretical value of the fund portfolio has been developed without a priori knowledge of its beta value, the need for making constant growth assumption, or resorting to regression analysis which is subject to statistical error. Based on this model, we calculate the expected return of the fund portfolio as implied by the actual discount (implied return) for 35 general closed end funds. We found that high discount corresponds with low implied return. More interestingly, high discount is found to correspond significantly with low expected net return, where expected net return is implied return in excess of expense ratio.


In this paper, an overview of AC asynchronous motor variable frequency speed control is introduced. Firstly, the paper expounds the background and significance of this subject. Development of domestic and foreign of frequency conversion and speed regulation of exchange asynchronous motor. Then it recommends the detailed analysis of the principle of ac asynchronous motor frequency control of motor speed, finally, the paper introduces several techniques of asynchronous motor frequency conversion speed regulation, and its prospect.


Several commercially available admixtures have been introduced to inhibit the onset of chloride-induced corrosion of concrete reinforcement. Properties such as workability, set time, strength gain, permeability, and interaction with other admixtures are of concern to ensure proper placement and long-term durability. This paper examines the influence on placement and material properties of a series of commercially corrosion-inhibiting admixtures under laboratory evaluation. Admixture performance was assessed within concrete specimens, relative to the potential for positive or negative effects on characteristic concrete properties. Such properties include slump, air content, heat of hydration, compressive strength, and electrical indication of chloride ion permeability, as well as measured chloride diffusion. The performance of each admixture is discussed, relative to the interrelationships between observed test results.


kinds of organochlorine pesticides(OCPs) in surface waters and sediment of Suzhou River in Shanghai City were determined utilizing GC-ECD; their contents were 0.158~0.527μg/L in surface waters, and 27.27~82.06ng/g in sediment; and the content in urban reach was higher than that in suburban reach. Analysis of distribution characteristics of components showed that DDTs and BHCs in waters and sediment at present were mainly the early residue in environment; the input of BHCs into waters of suburban reach in near term was related to using of lindane at upper course Suzhou River. There was better relationship between the special distribution of OCPs contents in waters and sediment; the secondary release of sediment was the main source of OCPs in waters. Sediment was the important fate of OCPs in aquatic environment. DDTs and BHCs in surface waters did not exceed the standard of surface water environment quality. Compared with other regions the content of OCPs in sediment of Suzhou River was higher and had higher ecological risk.


Since the investigation of Schamberg 1 and his collaborators on protein metabolism in psoriasis and the distinctly beneficial results obtained by them in this disease by restricting the nitrogenous intake, it has become more or less a routine with a great many dermatologists to place patients with psoriasis on a low protein diet. The use of such a diet has not been confined to psoriasis; it is being advised in a number of, other dermatoses—dermatitis, to instance one. In reducing the protein intake, the caloric requirements are made up usually by that of carbohydrates and fats. Practically, the increase occurs most often in the carbohydrate components, since they are more agreeable to the majority of patients. A diet of this kind, rich in starches and sugars and poor in proteins, may be kept up for a long time, either by order of the physician or by the patient's own volition.


Objective
To observe the clinical therapeutic effect of Chinese medicine sticking combined with massage in the treatment of functional constipation after anorectal operation.

Methods
Sixty-two cases of anorectal postoperative functional constipation patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, each group of 31 cases.Treatment group were treated by Chinese medicine sticking combined with massage theraphy, and control group was given the Hansen Simodecoction. To observe the two groups of patients with defecation time, stool frequency, defecate difficulty, pain, bleeding and other therapeutic index and effect.

Results
Through observation, The two groups showed significant differences in the aspect of defecation time (t=-17.09, P<0.001), stool frequency (t=22.23, P<0.001), defecate difficulty (t=-9.46, P<0.001), pain (t=-8.87, P<0.001), bleeding (t=-2.96, P<0.01), the effective rate of the treatment group was 93.5%, and that of the control group was 67.7%. There was significant difference between the two groups (X2=6.61, P<0.05).

Conclusion
The application of Chinese medicine sticking combined with massage therapy is effective in the treatment of functional constipation after anorectal surgery, which is worthy of clinical application.

Key words:
Constipation; Therapy; Chinese medicine sticking; Massage trerapy


This book by the late professor of criminal law and legal history at the University of Kiel, Hermann Kantorowicz (1877-1940), published more than a quarter of a century after his death, is not only a highly important work on the war-guilt question of World War I but a momentous contribution to historical method, in particular in regard to diplomatic history. Imanuel Geiss has edited the original manuscript of 1923, revised for the last time by the author in 1929. Geiss himself, a notable though somewhat controversial authority on the subject, deserves much credit for his careful editorial work, in particular the supplementary scholarly apparatus, brought up to 1967, and an illuminating introduction. One might wish that Geiss had confined his polemics to this preliminary exposition rather than extend them to a number of partly argumentative though otherwise very useful notes. In any case, the fine prefatory essay tells the story—not a pretty one—of how the original manuscript, requested by the War Guilt Subcommittee of the Investigating Committee of the German Reichstag in 1923, could not be published under changing political conditions because it conflicted with the struggle of German nationalism against the war-guilt clause in the Treaty of Versailles. Gustav Stresemann himself did not play a very creditable role in blocking its publication until his death in 1929. Afterwards the situation changed from bad to worse, until the National Socialist Machtergreifung drove Kantorowicz into exile and obviated publication for a generation to come. That it was patriotism of a high order, based on concern with the excessive growth of aggressive nationalism, which motivated this great work and not the wish to "befoul one's own nest" should be as obvious as in the case, in our own day, of Fritz Fischer's Griff nach der Weltmacht (in English translation, Germany's Aims in the First World War) and some of Geiss's own valuable contributions. Still, there are very important differences between Fischer's and Kantorowicz's approach.


The couplets hanging on common family's pillars contain rich contents of people's moral and life consideration.However,those considerations are revealed in the form of literature instead of moral theory.They do not give an direct account of moral theory,but present people's moral life and moral feelings,which is the specific moral complex and way of thinking of Chinese people.Actually,the above-mentioned moral life and moral feelings are the presentation of the moral culture in literature.


According to social psychologists, self-handicaps are impediments to successful performance created or reported by a person prior to performance (Berglas & Jones, 1978; Covington, 1992; Hirt, Deppe, & Gordon, 1991). Theoretically, the use of self-handicaps allows people to capitalize on the attributional principles of discounting (or protection) and augmentation (Kelley, 1972). Moreover, self-handicapping is stimulated by evaluative situations where uncertainty exists about the likelihood of success (Berglas & Jones, 1978), and where failure could pose a threat to private or public esteem (Prapavessis & Grove, 1998). Thus, sport competitions emphasize social comparison, contain uncertainty about performance outcomes on a task that is perceived as important, and for which evaluation standards depend on the performance of another (Self, 1990). Self-handicapping, then, can be used to protect the athletes in the face of potential failure. Nevertheless, Kolditz, and Arkin (1982) have argued that self-handicapping is primarily an impression management strategy. The sport competitions present considerable opportunity for impression management, the process through which persons monitor and control others' impressions of themselves (Leary, 1992). Thus, there is evidence that handicapping serves as both a means of protecting one's own self-esteem as well as a presentation strategy aimed at manipulating others' perceptions (see Prapavessis, Grove, & Eklund, 2004, for a review). For these reasons, sport was considered to be an ideal social context to examine self-handicapping. Clearly, it is important to differentiate between behavioral and self-reported handicapping (Hirt et al., 1991). Martin and Brawley (2002) suggested that the majority of self-handicaps relevant in sport settings would be impediments rather than behavioral self-handicaps. Thus, descriptive information about the types of handicaps reported by athletes was gleaned from studies using an open-ended, "impediments approach" (e.g., Carron, Prapavessis, & Grove, 1994; Hausenblas & Carron, 1996; Prapavessis & Grove, 1998; Ryska, Yin, & Boyd, 1999;


Abstract Early vigor is important for crop establishment in rice. This study was conducted to determine the seed and seedling traits in relation to early vigor in rice. Laboratory tests and pot experiments were carried out in 2013 and 2014. Morphological and physiological traits of seeds and seedlings were compared between two contrasting rice cultivars, Yuxiangyouzhan with superior early vigor and Huanghuazhan with general early vigor. For seed traits, Yuxiangyouzhan had lower seed hull weight but higher seed amylose content, seed amylase activity, and plumule–radicle ratio than Huanghuazhan, and consequently, Yuxiangyouzhan had about 10% higher germination percentage and velocity and 37% longer plumule than Huanghuazhan. For seedling traits, leaf area, specific leaf weight, leaf chlorophyll and soluble protein contents, leaf net photosynthetic rate, and shoot–root ratio were higher in Yuxiangyouzhan than in Huanghuazhan, and as a result, seedling shoot biomass was 23–32% higher in Yuxiangyouzhan than in Huanghuazhan. These results indicate that Yuxiangyouzhan has both superior seed and seedling vigor. The former is attributed to the low mechanical strength of seed hull, high conversion efficiency of seed reserve, and high mobilization of seed reserve to plumule, while the latter is due to large leaf area, high leaf photosynthetic capacity, and high partitioning of dry matter to shoot. This study enriches the physiological understanding of superior early vigor in rice.


Based on the definition of the concept of the abuse of intellectual property,this article analyses the form of the abuse of intellectual property of transnational corporations,and demonstrates that it is necessary to regulate it on legal.this article also investigates the legislations of some counties,and sets forth some legislation suggestions on the improvement of the legal regulation system of China.


Trapped within the black ink words between book covers, blood-suckers and their horrific kin wait for the next train into Imagination. Who on earth would invite these nasty beings into their minds, defenseless save for the ability to turn a page? According to sales in the young adult market, children even younger than twelve are among the bravest of the brave readers. Young people, it appears, love to mingle with rabid beasties and other dark creatures. But why? What is it about such dreadful characters that make children and teens rush to the book aisles these days rather than toward the video games? It's easy to make the assumption children are becoming increasingly morbid as generations pass, but I assure you, the answer is far less disturbing. When teenagers don the black cape and plastic teeth of a vampire or pretend to wield the wand of their favorite wizard on Halloween, they feel a mystical sense of belonging that can't be found anywhere else. The brave mentalities of their favorite characters become a part of their own mindsets, and for one night they feel at ease with the real world and whatever problems they're facing as mere humans. In series such as Harry Potter by J. K. Rowling, and Cirque du Freak by Darren Shan, the supernatural beings called into question aren't depicted as evil, nasty beings who live solely for the joy of performing dark arts or draining blood from recent cadavers. The main characters in both books are young, discover secrets about their identities at a very tender age, and (as strange as it sounds) neither of the main characters fully embrace the change at first. Like many budding teens, they're scared of the changes they and their bodies must go through and the abnormal challenges they'll face growing up. Let's face a straight fact: No teenager likes listening to a guidance counselor talk about puberty and maturity, but when they read about a kid with a wand or bloodstained teeth going through these things while fighting vicious battles in alternate realities, they're more than willing to listen. Perhaps these imaginary worlds aren't as dark and terrible and unrealistic as one would infer from the books' covers. In Harry Potter, readers don't see the world of wizardry through the eyes of a dark lord drunk on power. They see everything through the spectacled eyes of an orphan who goes from thinking he's nobody to finding out he has a purpose of dire importance to the entire world, something all teens hope to discover about themselves on some level. …


Major advances were madein our understanding of both the pathophysiology and the drug or diet treatment of hyperlipidemia during the last decade. Physical exercise therapy in the managementof hyperlipidemia has not been well established. In the present study, we investigated the effect of physical exercise on plasma lipoprotein in healthy subjects (cross sectional study) and in hyperlipidemic subjects (prospective study). In the cross sectional study, we compared plasma lipoprotein and apolipoprotein (apo) concentrations between runners and sedentary controls of both sexes from 20 to 80 years old. Although there were no significant differences in plasma (P) concentrations of cholesterol (Ch) and triglyceride (TG)


Carrier-to-noise and interference ratio (CNIR) measurement is important in providing accurate channel quality measurements for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems in different bit loading environments. Interference and noise power estimation for CNIR measurement nay be carried out either with known data or without any prior knowledge about the transmitted data. With prior knowledge on transmitted data, better estimation can be achieved. However, this results in huge increase in system load. As for estimation methods without any prior knowledge, poor system performance results under certain circumstances. In this paper, we investigate the effect due to different interference and noise power on decision-directed (DD) CNIR estimation for OFDM systems and propose a new CNIR estimation scheme that provides optimal trade off between the performance and system load.


Purpose
It is widely accepted that educational leaders and teachers need to manage and regulate their emotions continually, mainly because schooling and teaching processes expose many emotions. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to trace the ways Israeli assistant principals, both Arab and Jewish, manage their emotions at work.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on semi-structured interviews with 15 assistant principals, it was found that they are required to manage their emotions in accordance with entrenched emotion rules in the culture and society.

Findings
Most of the Jewish female APs tend to display warmth and empathy toward teachers in order to better understand their personal needs and professional performances. In contrast, Arab APs suppressed or fabricated emotional expression in their discourse with teachers and parents, in order to maintain a professional façade and retain the internal cohesion of the school. Both groups of APs believed their emotion regulation results in higher level of harmony in the school. Empirical and practical suggestions are put forward.

Originality/value
The paper is original and contributes to the theoretical and practical knowledge.


The protease A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) plays a central role in the pathophysiology of several diseases. ADAM17 is involved in the cleavage and shedding of at least 80 known membrane-tethered proteins, which subsequently modulate several intracellular signaling pathways, and therefore alter cell behavior. Dysregulated expression and/or activation of ADAM17 has been linked to a wide range of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, cancer and cardiovascular disease. In this review, we provide an overview of the current state of knowledge from preclinical models and clinical data on the diverse pathophysiological roles of ADAM17, and discuss the mechanisms underlying ADAM17-mediated protein shedding and the potential therapeutic implications of targeting ADAM17 in these diseases.


Remote sensing image retrieval (RSIR) is a fundamental task in remote sensing. Most content-based RSIR approaches take a simple distance as similarity criteria. A retrieval method based on weighted distance and basic features of convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed in this letter. The method contains two stages. First, in offline stage, the pretrained CNN is fine-tuned by some labeled images from the target data set, then used to extract CNN features, and labeled the images in the retrieval data set. Second, in online stage, we use the fine-tuned CNN model to extract the CNN feature of the query image and calculate the weight of each image class and apply them to calculate the distance between the query image and the retrieved images. Experiments are conducted on two RSIR data sets. Compared with the state-of-the-art methods, the proposed method is simplified but efficient, significantly improving retrieval performance.


Reconfiguration is an effective solution for robots involved in multi-tasking to enhance performance and reduce cost.The reconfigurable parameters such as stability,mass,and torque of a five-wheel three-body mobile robot with a non-linear relationship toward its performance was analyzed with iSGIHT-FD software.A multi-objective optimization regarding the sensitivity of these parameters was performed to obtain the Pareto set.Furthermore,visualization of design data(VDD) and a response surface method(RSM) of approximation in iSGIHT-FD was used to obtain the relative influence of theses reconfigurable variables.Generally,results of the VDD show that caster angles have the highest impact,while the arm length of the fifth wheel has the least effect.Consequently,corresponding tests of the prototype of a five-wheeled robot were implemented.This method is suitable to succinctly,quickly,and intuitively obtain the relative impact of each variable(sensitivity) of nonlinear multi-variable functions with visualization.


We provide a novel decomposition methodology from the current MLPerf benchmark to the serverless function execution model. We have tested our approach in Amazon Lambda to benchmark the processing capabilities of OpenCV and OpenVINO inference engines.


Abstract Graphene, a perfect lattice of hexagonally arranged carbon atoms, is currently among the most intensively researched material because of its mechanical, electronic, optical, and DNA-binding properties, and has found enormous applications in electronics, transistors, sensors, photovoltaics, optical and biological materials, among others. Many recent studies have established that graphene, in combination with other non-carbon nanoparticles, yields hybrid materials with improved properties. Graphene-boron nanohybrids are one such class of materials with alluring properties currently reported to be more advantageous than graphene as such. This review is intended to present a brief discussion about graphene, other carbon nanoallotropes, and a compilation of carbon nanoallotropes-boron nanoparticle hybrids much envisioned to expedite the boron-graphene hybrid research. We have attempted to present recent developments in these boron-based hybrid structures of carbon nanoallotropes, and augment the need for such advantageous materials.


The basis of the study is to evaluate the distance education system applied due to the pandemic process from the perspective of the students. With this main purpose, there is also learning and evaluation of university students' opinions on measuring their self-efficacy in the distance education process and especially the conduct of accounting courses with the distance education system. The research focuses on 141 people who are studying at the Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Business Administration at Kafkas University. The research was conducted between 1 and 30 October 2020. It was possible to reach 91% of the target audience with 129 people who returned to the surveys completely. The questionnaire form prepared was made on students who only studied in the business department and took at least one accounting course. It was observed that the participants in the study were mostly male students between the ages of 21-25, studying in 4th grade, living in metropolitan cities and having a GPA of less than 2.00. It has been observed that the participants mostly follow the distance education system with their smart phones on a daily basis. In particular, the intention of students to follow the classes before they come to school was expressed with the expression "I am working" and the biggest disadvantage of following accounting lessons before coming to school was shown as "not being able to access the internet". In addition, they stated that the course registration time in the distance education system should be over 25 minutes and the course should be supported with materials such as PDF, PPT, Word as well as course recording videos. Despite the fact that they find the teaching style of the lessons in the distance education process "interesting", their request for accounting lessons to be held face to face after the pandemic is also noteworthy among the results. ABSTRACT The basis of the study is to evaluate the distance education system applied due to the pandemic process from the perspective of the students. With this main purpose, there is also learning and evaluation of university students' opinions on measuring their self-efficacy in the distance education process and especially the conduct of accounting courses with the distance education system. higher education The fact that no new distance education system and earlier in the process due to a technical pandemic has occurred with this system's infrastructure is provided to adapt quickly to the changes in universities in Turkey.


The scaling behaviors of the nucleon resonance transition amplitudes from perturbative QCD (PQCD) are utilized to parametrize the amplitudes of the first negative-parity nucleon resonance S11 (1535). Our analysis indicates that the constraints of the transition amplitude for the S11 resonance at the limit Q2 →∞ by QCD sum rule calculations are not applicable at a moderate Q2 range of 2.5 ~ 4 Ge V2 compared with the present available data if the contribution of S11 is dominant in the Q2 limit.


The faradaic ion transfer of protonated l.iO-phenanthroline [H(Phen)+] across the interface between unbuffered aqueous and 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) solutions was investigated by means of current scan polarography at ascending aqueous electrolyte electrode, as well as chronopotentiometry. It follows from the splitting of the waves observed at the pH of aqueous phase (sodium sulfate solution) between 2.5–3.8 that neutral reagent (Phen) distributes into the aqueous phase, where it is protonated. The positive wave is associated with the mass transfer controlled by the H+influx, whereas the negative one is by the Phen influx. The reverse chronopotentiometry indicated that all the protonated transfer processes were reversible. A good agreement between experimental results and theoretical treatment was achieved. The aqueous acid dissociation constant of protonated Phen, K2 can be evaluated from the dependence of the wave heights on the pH in the base of the equilibrium.


International General bibliographies, considered as product ad hoc, there is no more that in very few cases, and in any way with the claim that were intended at its inception i.e. targets for completeness in all directions. At the time we are international General bibliographies functions have been international as the universal bibliographic control, or World Wide Web, on the linkages between libraries, which could play in a systemic consideration programmes


In this present paper, we define a new operator in conjugation with the basic (or q-) calculus. We then make use of this newly defined operator and define a new class of analytic and bi-univalent functions associated with the q-derivative operator. Furthermore, we find the initial Taylor–Maclaurin coefficients for these newly defined function classes of analytic and bi-univalent functions. We also show that these bounds are sharp. The sharp second Hankel determinant is also given for this newly defined function class.


A novel pterosin-type dinorsesquiterpene, mukagolactone (I), was isolated from the fronds of Monachosorum arakii TAGAWA (Pteridaceae), along with three new dinorsesquiterpene dimers, monachosorins A (II), B (III) and C (IV). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical data. Compound II may have been formed by an aldol-type condensation of 6-(2-hydroxyethyl)-5, 7-dimethylindan-1-one and the corresponding 5-formyl compound. The reduction of II afforded III, and the acid isomerization of II gave IV.


Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) - an urgent problem affecting a significant part of middle-aged and elderly men. The goal of therapy - reduction in the severity of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), improved quality of life, preventing the development of complications associated with enlarged prostate and obstruction. A detailed analytical review of existing treatments (dynamic monitoring, medication mode of mono- and combination therapy, surgical treatment, minimally invasive technique) has been presented, a conclusion has been made that there is no standard method of treating BPH that can be suitable for every patient.  The choice of treatment should be determined by the physician individually for each patient, taking into account all related factors (health and social) and with the active participation of the patient.


n is large resolution should be increased. In practice, in most scanning si+,uations the value of n is often less than 3 for the smallest lesions which it is required to detect, and here the collimator with the highest value of Dewey and Sinclair's TCX will give the highest probability of detection. However, if two collimators are compared under conditions in which the counting rate is so high that statistical fluctuations are small, then of course the collimator with the finest resolution will appear best. This seems t o be the case for collimators 3 and 1 of Simons and Bailey, where they find that the ' best ' collimator is the one with the finer resolution and lower figure of merit. Thus, the evaluation of collimators must be carried out in relation to t,he type of scanning for which they are designed and the ' figure of merit ' will be valid only in this context. For example a ' good ' collimator for thyroid scanning will be a poor collimator for brain scanning. If used in this way the ' figure of merit ' is a useful concept in the design and evaluation of collimators.


—This paper proposes a collaborative system that pro- vides decision support for team leaders in an industrial production scenario where staff planning needs immediate adaptations. Requirements were gathered and led to use cases that specify the solution, a mobile application called Teamleader App. A system with an advanced communication protocol was developed, which integrates several sub-systems, such as a supporting domain model and production simulation supporting workers with forecasts of potential decisions. A case study was conducted, which provides first insights into the suitability of the presented solution and revealed further aspects that will improve the system.


Objective To explore the incidence and risk factors of sexual violence in Guangzhou and to provide basis for the school violence prevention work of schools and society. Methods Totally 2 590 students in 6 middle schools in Guangzhou were selected by cluster sampling method and were interviewed with self-designed questionnaire. Chi-square test and multinomial Logistic regression was used to assess the individual and family factors associated with odds of sexual assault perpetration,victimization,or both. Results The incidence rate of perpetrator of sexual violence was 11. 8%( 306 /2 590). The rates in boys and girls was about15. 3% and 6. 7%,respectively. The incidence rate of victims of sexual violence was 20. 4%( 528 /2 590). The rates in boys and girls was about 22. 9% and 16. 6%,respectively. Specifically,41( 1. 6%) students reported perpetration only,262( 10. 2%) reported being victims only and 265( 10. 2%) reported both. Logistic regression revealed that drinking( OR = 2. 846),playing computer games( OR = 2. 136) were the risk factors of perpetration only. Grade( grade 7 OR = 2. 462,grade 8 OR = 2. 030,grade 9 OR= 1. 825),corporal punishment( OR = 1. 291) were the risk factors of victimization only. Boys( OR = 2. 531),grade( grade 7 OR= 1. 292,grade 8 OR = 1. 240,grade 9 OR = 2. 005),emotional type of character( OR = 1. 565),drinking( OR = 2. 534),playing computer( OR = 1. 427),corporal punishment( OR = 1. 594) were the risk factors of both. Conclusion Sexual violence among middle school students is serious,suggesting that pertinent intervention measures should be taken.


We forecast analyst earnings forecast errors out of sample. Forecasting variables include three "under-reaction" variables (earnings surprise, stock returns and analyst earnings forecast revisions) and seven "overreaction" variables (book to price ratio, forward earnings to price ratio, analyst long term growth forecast, sales growth, investments in property, plant and equipment, investments in other long-lived assets, and the accrual component of earnings). Estimation procedures include the traditional OLS as well as a more robust procedure that minimizes the sum of absolute errors (LAD). While in-sample we find significant prediction power using both OLS and LAD, we find far stronger results using LAD out of sample, with an average reduction in forecast errors of over thirty percent measured by the mean squared error or near ten percent measured by the mean absolute error. Most of the prediction power comes from firms whose analysts are too optimistic. The stock market seems to understand the inefficiencies in analyst forecasts: a trading strategy based on the predicted analyst forecast errors does not generate abnormal profits. Conversely, analysts seem to fail to understand the inefficiencies present in the stock prices: a trading strategy directly based on the predicted stock returns generates significant abnormal returns, and the abnormal returns are associated with predictable analyst forecast errors. The combined evidence suggests that the stock market is more efficient than financial analysts in processing public information.


The effects of prestrain.aging temperature,aging time and solution carbon content on bake hardening property of the ultra-low-carbon bake hardening steel sheet were studied.The results show that the bake hardening value reduced because the free carbon atoms decreased with the increase of the deformation when the prestrain increased from 1%to 5%.As the increase of the aging temperature and aging time,the bake hardening value of the steel increased gradually because the carbon atom air mass saturation degree increased.The solution carbon content,which had no effect on Cottrell air mass saturation velocity and degree,had little effects on bake hardening.


This research report is submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand,
Johannesburg, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Medicine in the
branch of Psychiatry.


OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this integrative review was assembling information about the golden ratio, improving a different sight to the theme.METHODS: Original articles were retrieved on databases Scielo, PubMed, Lilacs and Web of Science selecting proper articles published between the years of 2006-2017.RESULTS: 55 articles were included, in which 42% of the findings corresponded to aesthetic perception and 40% to golden ratio and ethnical groups.CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that there's no relationship between golden ratio and natural teeths and this ratio isn't a decisive factor to ensuring the smile attractiveness, however, if this proportion were individually applied for each patient, can become a useful guide.


'4Departme ]]t of Mecharlical Engineering, Kyushu Univcrsiしン. 744M 〔兀 〔}−oka . Nishi−ku, Fukuoka shl , Fuklloka 、 Sl9−〔}395 Japan Spinning process and pretcnsion trcatmerlt are uged for Al Alloy composire tanks Thc spinllill.gT process des,elops coarsened grains allCl the pretension treatlllellt shears precipi!a 巨on particleg. These changes Qf material properties is considcred tl⊃ a 「「cct the fatigue characteristics of age −hardened meta ]s, such as Al−allo >・6〔〕6⊥ .T6. In しhis study 、 the ef 「ect of the prestrain and k・rail コ size Qn fatigue じra じk grow τh characteristic of age −hardened AI −allo }'6〔〕61 −Fr6 was investigated . Fatigue亡ests were perfornied w {吐h a r()ta!ing bending fatigue tcsし machirle . 厂 rhe specimen with an arrificia ]hole were prepared to ubserve mode I fatigue crack 、 Cearse−grained plain specin ユens were used for observati 〔)n


Artificial intelligence and fifth-generation mobile networks (5G) are two of the few technologies that work together so effectively. The complexity of a 5G ecosystem necessitates a level of service assurance that can't be met by human effort alone. Fifth-generation network operators will leverage AI for network diagnostics, cybersecurity, and personalized applications, all of which will radically alter the relationship between businesses and their consumers. The facts that even more nearly half of internet services have already integrated another aspect of AI into its 5G networks demonstrates that the industry has already invested much in the coupling. At the core of the complementary connection between AI and 5G is the significance of data; 5G opens a floodgate for data, something AI could then analyses as well as learn from more swiftly to create unique consumer experiences that were already suited to the numerous needs of consumers. As AI runs simulations for analysis, reasoning, data fitting, clustering, including optimization, the 5G network provides support in the background, increasing the reliability and significance of the findings. The eventual expansion of 5G-powered Internet of Things (IoT) devices in settings as diverse as manufacturing floors and driverless cars will cause the volume of data to grow not linearly but exponentially. Reason being, 5G will provide for much quicker data transfers. All of these gadgets and their integrated sensors provide new data that can be used to train smarter computer systems.


This paper presents a high-performance wide-band divide-by-2 injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD) in the 0.18 µm CMOS process. The ILFD consists of two sub-ILFDs. The first sub-ILFD designs a 4th order resistively distributed resonator, and the 2nd ILFD designs a 2nd order LC resonator. Two sub ILFDs use two transformers to inductively couple each other, and the ILFD employs a triple-resonance resonator with three resonant frequencies. The ILFD designs 3 frequency bands at 3.8 GHz, 3.4 GHz and 2.6 GHz by tuning the varactor capacitance. At low injection power, the ILFD designs three locking ranges correlative with the oscillation frequency bands. Overlapped locking range associated with two and three resonant frequencies are found when injection power of 0 dBm.


Students' low ability of understanding mathematical concepts, especially in the matrix material, is influenced by the use of learning models that are not appropriate, seeing these problems, the authors are interested in applying active, creative, effective and fun learning models assisted by interactive learning media. This research was to determine whether there is an effect of active, creative, effective and fun learning (standard) assisted by interactive learning media on students' ability to understand mathematical concepts. This type of research is a quasi experimental study, the population in this research were all students of class XI SMA Negeri 01 Gedung Meneng, the sampling technique used was random class technique, so that class XI IPS 1 as the experimental class 1 applied active, creative, effective and fun (standard), class XI MIPA 1 as an experimental class 2 applies an active, creative, effective and fun learning model (standard) assisted by interactive learning media and class XI IPS 2 as a control class applies conventional learning models. Based on the results of data analysis using the Anova test, it was obtained that the value of 𝐹 𝑐𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑡 = 7,1075 > 3,12 = 𝐹 𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑙 means rejected, it means that there was an influence of active, creative, effective and fun learning models assisted by interactive learning media on the ability to understand students' mathematical concepts. The test is continued with the Scheffe 'test with acceptance of 𝜇 1 𝑉𝑠𝜇 2 and for 𝜇 1 𝑉𝑠𝜇 3 𝑑𝑎𝑛 𝜇 2 𝑉𝑠𝜇 3 . Based on the results of these tests, it is


We construct the simplest solutions of the previously obtained precanonical Schrödinger equation for quantum gravity, which correspond to the plane waves on the spin connection bundle and reproduce the Minkowski space-time on average. Quantum fluctuations lead to the emergence of the minimal acceleration a0 related to the range of the Yukawa modes in the fibers of the spin connection bundle. This minimal acceleration is proportional to the square root of the cosmological constant Λ generated by the operator re-ordering in the precanonical Schrödinger equation. Thus the mysterious connection between the minimal acceleration in the dynamics of galaxies as described by Milgrom's MOND and the cosmological constant emerges as an elementary effect of precanonical quantum gravity. We also argue that the observable values of a0 and Λ can be obtained when the scale of the parameter ϰ introduced by precanonical quantization is subnuclear, in agreement with the previously established connection between the scale of ϰ and the mass gap in quantum SU(2) Yang-Mills theory.


Objectives - The rapid development of technology has penetrated many sectors of life in society, one of which is in Bank Sector. E-Money is another item in the realm of money related exchanges and dependent on the utilization of high innovation, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) hypotheses is extremely suitable to clarify how purchasers enthusiasm on it. This examination utilizes 100 online buyer respondents as examples, from the sum that can't be distinguished. Information accumulation by online polls. This exploration tried by quantitative strategies with SEM-PLS investigation. The consequences of speculation testing demonstrate that all the hypotheses were accepted. Perceived easy to use and perceived usefulness are positive and significant effect to attitude, and also attitude has a positive and significant effect to intention to use. Further research also needs to consider other variables that can influence intention to use new product with based on technology system. The aftereffects of this examination additionally empower the organization that issued e-money to be progressively mindful of angles that can improve the marketing technique. This paper contributes researchers by inspecting model of TAM and how it identifies with customer conduct to utilize electronic cash in Bali.


This paper examines the uses of statistical methods based on characteristics of available data for validating trajectory models. In this paper, different sources of available data are first characterized by five attributes that include qualities of commanded inputs, random inputs, and outputs, as well as data range and sample size. A framework for validating a trajectory model or a component using a generic source of available trajectory data is then proposed. The extensions of scalar trajectory errors into evaluation metrics to account for error samples and time intervals are discussed next, followed by the discussions of applications of statistical methods based on the attributes of available trajectory data. A procedure is recommended that can be used to identify potential causes of model invalidity. Examples are presented to illustrate the applications of the proposed procedures and methods for trajectory model validation.


Logic Programs with Annotated Disjunctions (LPADs) allow to express probabilistic information in logic programming. The semantics of an LPAD is given in terms of the well-founded models of the normal logic programs obtained by selecting one disjunct from each ground LPAD clause.

Inference on LPADs can be performed using either the system Ailog2, that was developed for the Independent Choice Logic, or SLDNFAD, an algorithm based on SLDNF. However, both of these algorithms run the risk of going into infinite loops and of performing redundant computations.

In order to avoid these problems, we present SLGAD resolution that computes the (conditional) probability of a ground query from a range-restricted LPAD and is based on SLG resolution for normal logic programs. As SLG, it uses tabling to avoid some infinite loops and to avoid redundant computations.

The performances of SLGAD are evaluated on classical benchmarks for normal logic programs under the well-founded semantics, namely a 2-person game and the ancestor relation, and on games of dice.

SLGAD is compared with Ailog2 and SLDNFAD on the problems in which they do not go into infinite loops, namely those that are described by a modularly acyclic program.

The results show that SLGAD is sometimes slower than Ailog2 and SLDNFAD but, if the program requires the repeated computations of the same goals, as for the dice games, then SLGAD is faster than both.


A hydrophilic alkaline room temperature ionic liquid electrolyte (RT-IL) carrying hydroxide ion as an anion and 1-benzyl-3-butylimidazolium as a cation was synthesized. Electrochemical, physical and structural properties of the synthesized RT-IL were characterized using cyclic voltammetry, ionic conductivity, viscosity, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), FT-IR, and H-NMR measurements. High ionic conductivity and low viscosity characteristics comparable to 0.1 M KCl electrolyte solution were achieved for the RT-IL in addition to a wide electrochemical potential window of about 4.4 V. The results indicate that the RT-IL is promising for future applications as an alternative electrolyte to energy and environmental research fields.


The utility model relates to a linear type laser welding machine of a capacitor battery. The linear type laser welding machine of the capacitor battery comprises a working platform, wherein a front placement platform, a conveying device and a rear placement platform are arranged on the working platform in sequence, the conveying device is provided with a plurality of groups of battery locating devices, an x, y and z axis displacement mechanism is installed on the top of a laser welding main machine, a welding mechanism is installed at the front end of the x, y and z axis displacement mechanism, a control panel is arranged on the working platform, a function control module is arranged inside the control panel, and an electrical control cabinet is installed inside the working platform. The linear type laser welding machine of the capacitor battery achieves linear operation, is concise in design, and reasonable in process arrangement, and can carry out continuous material feeding and location. The distance can be automatically set in the process of the material feeding, locating time of a shooting detection device is shortened, automation efficiency is improved, moving distance of a laser welding head is reduced, enough cooling time is provided for welded workpieces, welding quality is improved, electrode columns can be recycled after batteries are abandoned, and manufacture cost of the linear type laser welding machine of the capacitor battery is further reduced.


In 1991, an estimated 4.1 million babies were delivered in the United States [1]. If one includes the estimated number of abortions (1.5 million), the number of pregnancies approaches 5.5 million for 1991. Disorders of the gastrointestinal tract are common problems in normal, uncomplicated pregnancies. Most, if not all, of these patients will be managed by their obstetricians; however, internists and gastroenterologists sometimes are consulted. Because of the concern about the use of systemic medications during pregnancy, it is important for all physicians to understand the pathogenesis and natural history of and diagnostic and therapeutic options available for treating pregnant patients who have gastrointestinal disorders. Pregnancy has little effect, if any, on gastrointestinal secretion or absorption, but it has a major effect on motility throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Recent studies suggest that motility changes are related to increased levels of circulating female sex hormones rather than, as once believed, to the enlarging uterus. Given the number of pregnancies per year, the costs in managing these problems can be substantial. Thus, our purpose was to review the effects of pregnancy on gastrointestinal motility to expand the knowledge of internists, gastroenterologists, and obstetricians about these common problems. Methods To compile a thorough review of pregnancy-related gastrointestinal motility disorders, their pathophysiology, associated clinical manifestations, and treatment, we used a variety of sources. We first did computerized literature searches of Index Medicus and MEDLINE using pregnancy and gastrointestinal system as the key words. Further references (including abstracts) were obtained by hand searches. References were selected for analysis if the article focused on alteration of motility during pregnancy, particularly if they emphasized hormonal effects. Animal studies, both in vivo and in vitro, that tried to illustrate hormonal effects on the gastrointestinal tract were also included. The latest editions of standard drug textbooks (PDR, American Hospital Formulary Service) and references pertaining to drug therapy during pregnancy were used to provide most of the information on the appropriate pharmacologic management of these disorders during pregnancy. Specific pharmaceutical corporations were contacted to obtain information about drug safety during pregnancy. We did not receive financial support from these companies. Esophagus Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Heartburn is estimated to occur in 30% to 50% of all pregnancies, with the incidence approaching 80% in some patient groups [2]. Although some authors [3] find that most women experience reflux symptoms after 5 months of gestation, Castro [4] suggests that these symptoms are reported only when they become most troublesome and that they begin much earlier in pregnancy. After detailed interviews of 60 patients, he noted that 52% first experienced heartburn during the first trimester of pregnancy; 24%, in the second trimester; and 8.8%, in the last trimester. Although heartburn tends to recur in subsequent pregnancies, no significant differences were noted in the incidence of heartburn among multiparous and primiparous women [5]. Pathophysiology The pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux during pregnancy involves both mechanical and intrinsic factors that adversely affect lower esophageal sphincter tone. Early in pregnancy, lower esophageal sphincter pressure falls, returning to normal in the postpartum period. Van Thiel and colleagues [6] studied four previously asymptomatic pregnant patients sequentially at 12, 24, and 36 weeks of gestation and 1 to 4 weeks postpartum. Figure 1 shows that during all stages of pregnancy, resting lower esophageal sphincter pressures were less than the lower limits of normal for their motility laboratory, reaching a nadir at 36 weeks and returning to normal in the postpartum period. All four patients complained of frequent heartburn by 36 weeks. Fisher and colleagues [7] studied eight women during early pregnancy (mean gestation, 16 weeks) and 6 weeks after elective abortion. A mean lower esophageal sphincter pressure of 22.1 2.4 mm Hg ( SE) was found before abortion, which was unchanged from the postabortion mean sphincter pressure of 22.6 2.3 mm Hg. Although these patients had normal resting lower esophageal sphincter pressures, their sphincter pressures did not increase appropriately when challenged with injections of pentagastrin, edrophonium chloride, metacholine, and a protein meal. During each of these maneuvers, lower esophageal sphincter pressure was significantly lower during early pregnancy than after abortion. Thus, during pregnancy, not only is lower esophageal sphincter pressure decreased but adaptive responses of the sphincter may be reversibly inhibited. Figure 1. Lower esophageal sphincter pressures. Animal and human experiments have helped elucidate the important effects of female hormones on the lower esophageal sphincter. Fisher and colleagues [8] used in vitro studies to examine strips of circular smooth muscle from the lower esophageal sphincter of opossums. Dose-response curves were constructed for gastrin and acetylcholine alone and with 17--estradiol, progesterone, or the combination of sex hormones added to the system. The lower esophageal sphincter dose-response curve to acetylcholine and gastrin was blunted by estradiol as well as progesterone; progesterone was more effective in inhibiting the maximum response. The combination of progesterone and estradiol, however, was more potent than either hormone alone. In vivo models using the opossum show a substantial reduction of lower esophageal sphincter pressure with the administration of both estradiol and progesterone [9]. Whether the decrease in lower esophageal sphincter function is due to estrogen, progesterone, or both is unclear. Filipone and colleagues [10] attempted to address this issue by studying five transsexual patients during a control period without hormonal stimulation, followed by periods of administration of estrogen, progesterone, or both. Resting lower esophageal sphincter pressure was significantly decreased during combination hormonal therapy (5.0 0.1 mm Hg, mean SE) when compared with the control period (11.2 2.1 mm Hg). No decrease in sphincter pressure was observed during either estrogen or progesterone administration alone. In addition, the adaptive lower esophageal sphincter pressure response to a protein meal was diminished by progesterone and by combination hormone therapy but not by estrogen alone. Similar observations were made by Van Thiel and colleagues [11] after examining normal menstruating women taking sequential oral contraceptives. The women's baseline mean lower esophageal sphincter pressure was 20.8 1.7 mm Hg (mean SE) and did not change significantly during estrogen administration. Sphincter pressure, however, decreased to 9.4 1.2 mm Hg during the administration of estrogen and progesterone. These studies suggest that progesterone is the mediator of lower esophageal sphincter smooth muscle relaxation; however, estrogen may be needed as a primer for this action to occur. It was assumed for many years that the gravid uterus was responsible for an increase in abdominal pressure that overcame lower esophageal sphincter pressure and produced gastroesophageal reflux. However, Van Thiel and Wald [12] presented evidence that refuted this theory in a novel study using adult men with tense ascites as a model of pseudopregnancy. Before diuresis, the mean lower esophageal sphincter pressure was 30.9 1.7 mm Hg (mean SE), which decreased significantly to 24.0 1.6 mm Hg after loss of ascites. Thus, a compensatory increase in lower esophageal sphincter pressure usually parallels any increase in intra-abdominal pressure. This protective mechanism should prevent the enlarging uterus from promoting acid reflux. Presentation and Diagnosis The clinical features of gastroesophageal reflux in pregnancy do not differ from those found in the general population. Heartburn and regurgitation are the predominant symptoms, worsening as pregnancy advances. Not unexpectedly, Castro [4] found that most patients reported the adverse effects of food ingestion, causing some to restrict their meals to once a day because of intense postprandial heartburn. Likewise, the recumbent position aggravated heartburn in 82% of the patients, requiring some to sleep upright in a chair. The diagnostic evaluation of pregnant patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease generally requires only a complete history. Barium studies should be avoided because of the radiation risk to the fetus. Endoscopy, although not commonly needed, is safe especially with current monitoring equipment [4]. Prolonged esophageal pH monitoring may be useful in atypical presentations. Fortunately, complications of reflux disease during pregnancy, such as esophagitis, are quite uncommon [4], and reflux symptoms are usually limited to pregnancy with no prolonged adverse effects on the mother or fetus. Treatment Because of potential teratogenicity of systemic drugs taken during gestation, lifestyle modifications are particularly important in treating pregnant patients with troubling heartburn. Patients are instructed to elevate the head of the bed and to avoid stooping, bending, or assuming other positions that tend to worsen reflux symptoms. Eating small frequent meals and refraining from ingesting foods or liquids other than water within 3 hours of bedtime are advised. Nonsystemic drug therapy with antacids is the first step in treating the pregnant patient who does not respond to lifestyle modifications. Animal studies show no teratogenic effects from constant ingestion of antacids during pregnancy [13]. Adverse effects of antacids include interference with iron absorption and, specifically, metabolic alkalosis and fluid overload in both the fetus an


Tomato originated from Peru and Ecuador in South America and is a main kind of vegetable in China. Combing with tomato production and postharvest processing technology of Yuanmou county, Yunnan province, this paper introduced the storage technologies, transportation, marketing and preservation method of tomato. The competitive advantages of tomato were analyzed from the aspect of processing industry.


What are the benefits of federal scientific funding has become the focus of public concern.The global financial crisis in 2008 put U.S.and a number of other countries into a recession.In order to stimulate U.S.economic recovery,Obama issued a total of 787 billion U.S.dollars bailout,in which 7.6 billion were directly used in scientific research.In order to demonstrate for public how scientific research funding could influence U.S.economic and society,U.S.Government proposed STAR METRICS project,which was aimed to build an inter-agent shared data infrastructure and data demonstration tools through the cooperation between federal scientific funding agents and scientific institutions,so that the impact of federal's RD inputs could be evaluated directly.This paper aims to investigate the STAR METRICS projects and propose some thinking about the ST evaluation in China.


Conmrade Jiang Zemin's proposal of governing the country with morality is the inheritance development of the Chinese traditional culture under the new historical condition. It is also the renovation of the theory of socialist spiritual civilization construction and the enrichment development of Marx's state theory.


A liquid hydrogen bubble chamber has been maintained at 27°K with an automatically controlled closed circuit hydrogen refrigeration system of 300‐w capacity. The system has been used continuously for more than 2000 hours on the 15‐in. bubble chamber at the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California. The design uses commercially available heat exchanger tubing and controls. Actual performance is compared to predicted performance for design operating conditions. The refrigeration system is sufficiently flexible to be used on other experimental apparatus requiring refrigeration at liquid hydrogen temperatures.


STUDY OBJECTIVES
We have previously identified heavy snoring as an independent risk factor for carotid atherosclerosis. In order to explore the hypothesis that snoring-associated vibration of the carotid artery induces endothelial dysfunction (an established atherogenic precursor), we utilized an animal model to examine direct effects of peri-carotid tissue vibration on carotid artery endothelial function and structure.

DESIGN
In supine anesthetized, ventilated rabbits, the right carotid artery (RCA) was directly exposed to vibrations for 6 h (peak frequency 60 Hz, energy matched to that of induced snoring in rabbits). Similarly instrumented unvibrated rabbits served as controls. Features of OSA such as hypoxemia, large intra-pleural swings and blood pressure volatility were prevented. Carotid endothelial function was then examined: (1) biochemically by measurement of tissue cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) to acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP); and (2) functionally by monitoring vessel relaxation with acetylcholine in a myobath.

MEASUREMENT AND RESULTS
Vessel cGMP after stimulation with ACh was reduced in vibrated RCA compared with unvibrated (control) arteries in a vibration energy dose-dependent manner. Vibrated RCA also showed decreased vasorelaxation to ACh compared with control arteries. Notably, after addition of SNP (nitric oxide donor), cGMP levels did not differ between vibrated and control arteries, thereby isolating vibration-induced dysfunction to the endothelium alone. This dysfunction occurred in the presence of a morphologically intact endothelium without increased apoptosis.

CONCLUSIONS
Carotid arteries subjected to 6 h of continuous peri-carotid tissue vibration displayed endothelial dysfunction, suggesting a direct plausible mechanism linking heavy snoring to the development of carotid atherosclerosis.


The aim of this study is to help people having Tinnitus, which is a symptom. Tinnitus, a buzzing sound in the head can lead to irritation, lack of concentration, sleeplessness and even deafness. As per a study done by an ENT surgeon, it was observed that, performing bhramari pranayama (Bee Breath) regularly, can reduce this significantly. Hence it was essential to design and fabricate a device which can produce similar type of sound and vibration, whose vibrating probe be placed on the person's hard palate and used as per doctor's prescription. This is a pure Microcontroller based device which is battery driven. Its output probe called as piezoelectric speaker generates similar kind of effect as Bhramari Pranayama. Thereby reducing the symptom of tinnitus. It is worth mentioning that at present there is no satisfactory treatment for tinnitus


The author argues that two approaches dominate the study of amenable algebras, groups, modules, etc. They are the homological approach and the approach based on the invariance in respect of a particular group of transformations. In the latter case, an invariant mean serves as a convenient instrument. In particular, a mean is determined as a positive finitely additive measure which is identified using the algebra of all subsets of the group in question.In the first part of the article, the author introduces definitions of an inversely amenable module and an inversely amenable C* algebra. The criteria for the inverse amenability for C* algebras is formulated using virtual diagonals constructed with the help of means, which are invariant in respect of components of amenability in a certain space of limited functions. In the further part of the article, the author presents necessary and sufficient conditions of inverse amenability based on the existence of approximate diagonals. Unlike the standard approach applied to describe amenable Banach algebras, the above approach offers a set of invariant means that are more easily perceived by intuition.


The production of dileptons is studied within a hadronic transport model. We investigate the sensitivity of the dilepton spectra to the initial configuration of the hadronic phase in a ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collision. Possible in-medium corrections due to the modifications of pions and the pion form factor in a hadronic gas are discussed. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}


A method of maintaining a constant concentration of naphthalene is described as an improvement on former methods of fumigation with this substance. A concentration of 0.008 lbs. of naphthalene per 1000 cu. ft. of air maintained for eight hours was found to kill red spider mite (Tetranychus telarius), cyclamen mite (Tarsonemus pallidus) , the onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) , and the black grain thrips (Heliothrips, femoralis) without injury to a number of plants that have proved intolerant to methods used previously.


that time—in what ways their removal from the civil service hierarchy has affected their relationship with their subjects. Have they been repudiated from below as well as from above ? At the time when Dr. Abrahams was there, chiefs were elected by the taxpayers of the district, not without some intervention from higher authority. Once elected they could not be deposed merely because they were unpopular; they had actually to commit an offence. Lord Hailey remarked some years earlier that chiefs were removed more often in Tanganyika than in any other ' indirect rule' territory, but no doubt it was not for unpopularity. Dr. Abrahams mentions the assumption that has perhaps been made too readily, that one recourse against an unpopular chief was to leave his area, but remarks that, although there is much mobility in Unyamwezi, land shortage and fear of sorcery are the principal motives. The rituals of installation, which twenty years ago had changed little from what the earliest accounts describe, had been curtailed. Succession was treated by the government as a wholly secular matter; to them it was much more important to delay an appointment until a good man was available than to avoid the mystical dangers of an interregnum, and one district commissioner with no interest in symbolism encouraged a new chief not to put up with the beating that should have been a part of his sacring. Modern politics came in at the grass roots. One of the purposes of neighbourhood co-operation is the threshing of the millet harvest. Village members form groups each of which works and eats together for about a month. TANU made these groups into its nuclear branches and encouraged them to appoint leaders (' millet chiefs' as they were called). They became party spearheads, organizing boycotts of Indian traders and fining members who disregarded them. At the same time the ' neighbourhood courts ', informal quasi-judicial bodies such as Beattie has described in Bunyoro, began to try cases that should have gone to the chief. This ' peasants' revolt' was of short duration, but it is yet another example of the association of defiance of alien rule with defiance of the chiefs.


In this fascinating, well-written, and well-researched volume, historian Dorinda Outram examines a neglected aspect of German Enlightenment cultural history, that of the court fool at eighteenth-century German and Austrian courts. Specifically, she examines the careers of four Hofnarren, or court fools: Jacob Paul Gundling (1673–1731) at the court of Frederick William I in Prussia; Salomon Jacob Morgenstern (1708–1785), also at the Prussian court under Frederick William I and Frederick II (the Great); Joseph Fröhlich (1694–1757) at the courts of Augustus II (the Strong) and Augustus III of Saxony and Poland; and Peter Prosch (1744–1804), who served at various courts, including Munich, Vienna, Würzburg, and Ellwangen.


Image‐based autofocus determines focus directly from the specimen (as opposed to reflective surface positioning with an offset), but sequential acquisition of a stack of images to measure resolution/sharpness and find best focus is slower than reflective positioning. Simultaneous imaging of multiple focal planes, which is also useful for 3D imaging of live cells, is faster but requires complicated optics. With color CCD cameras and white light sources commonly available, we asked if axial chromatic aberration can be utilized to acquire multiple focal planes simultaneously, and if it can be controlled through a range sufficient for practical use. For proof of concept, we theoretically and experimentally explored the focal differences between three narrow wavelength bands on a 3‐chip color CCD camera with and without glass inserts of various thicknesses and dispersions. Ray tracing yielded changes in foci of 0.65–0.9 μm upon insertion of 12.5‐mm thick glass samples for green (G, 522 nm) vs. blue (B, 462 nm) and green vs. red (G‐R, 604 nm). On a microscope: (1) With no glass inserts, the differences in foci were 2.15 μm (G‐B) and 0.43 μm (G‐R); (2) With glass inserts, the maximum change in foci for G vs. B was 0.44 μm and for G vs. R was 0.26 μm; and (3) An 11.3 mm thick N‐BK7 glass insert shifted the foci 0.9 μm (R), 0.6 μm (G), and 0.35 μm (B), such that the B and R foci were farther apart (2.1 μm vs. 1.7 μm) and the R and G foci were closer together (0.25 μm vs. 0.45 μm). The slopes of the differences in foci were dependent on thickness, index of refraction, and dispersion. The measured differences in foci are comparable to the axial steps of 0.1–0.24 μm commonly used for autofocus, and focal plane separation can be altered by inserting optical elements of various dispersions and thicknesses. By enabling acquisition of multiple, axially offset images simultaneously, chromatic aberration, normally an imaging pariah, creates a possible mechanism for efficient multiplanar imaging of multiple spectral bands from white light illumination. © 2009 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry


Competition from deregulation is driving utilities and consumersto seek out alternate means to reduce the cost of electricity. The utilityindustry is expected to shift generation away from the traditional centralstation philosophy to dispersed generation with the formerly wastedheat to be recovered and used for industrial steam or to heat commercialbuildings. [1] Some experts suggest that the dispersed generation willtake the form of cogeneration by locating thermal electric generatorswith heat recovery steam generators alongside the thermal host.Coincidentally, there are a large number of existing boilers that canserve as waste heat receivers if properly modified. This could result insubstantial capital savings, further reducing the cost of the dispersedelectrical generation. Repowering cold windbox industrial boilerscomplements and reinforces the dispersed generation philosophy.This article will compare the economic and technical advantages ofrepowering existing small industrial boilers with conventional engine/gas turbine driven generator sets. Operating advantages in steam gen-eration reliability and flexibility will be presented


It is true what your children tell you: playing rugby is a real profession! One with half days, full days, meetings and bonuses! If they love it when they are six, relax. If they love it when they are 16, find yourself a good cardiologist. If they still love it when they are 26, move next door to a heart surgeon.


Multilayer models for single mode optical fiber based on Long Range Surface Plasmon Resonance (LRSPR) coated with silver (Ag) and gold (Au) with dielectric function of MgF2 are introduced. Properties for the models are theoretically and experimentally reported in this work. Firstly, the performances of different models are investigated using COMSOL simulation. Different combinations of magnesium fluoride (MgF2) and Ag/Au material embedded layers are applied to observed functionality of dielectric layers underneath the analyte. In theoretical analysis, MgF2-Ag and MgF2Ag-MgF2 layers conveys the best performance in sensing. The combination of plasmonic material Ag with MgF2 rather than Au shows higher sensitivity response. The experimental has been carried out with these configurations where exhibit the sensitivities of 1762.5 nm/RIU and 1250 nm/RIU at 1.371.38 and 1.33-1.34 RI range respectively for silver-based models. The outcomes indicate the proposed LRSPR based models with specific dielectric where here MgF2 found to be a strong match in sensing applications.


This paper aims to explain the well-known asymmetry of extractability between specific and non-specific NPs. This paper starts with a short review of the previous studies regarding the Specificity Condition from both theoretical and empirical point of view. With the criticism that the condition is nothing but a descriptive generalization which must be deductively derived from deeper principles, this paper explains it in terms of phasehood and its role in the possible domain of extraction. Assuming the dynamic definition of phases (den Dikken 2006, 2007 and Bo쉓ovi?2012a, 2012b), this paper shows that the ban on extraction from specific NPs is due to violation of the cooperative requirement of the PIC and the Anti-locality. This paper extends the solution to further counterexamples of the Specificity Condition. To be specific, Grimshaw"s (1990) notion of event participants are shown to be operative in building additional XPs inside nominals and this addition will change the dynamics of interacting syntactic principles including the PIC and the Anti-locality thereby explaining the counterexamples.


In drying systems, the examination of the drying rate values of the food product in advance gives important information about the raw material to be dried. In this study, thin-layer drying behavior of apple slices in a convective solar dryer was investigated. The experiments were carried out at a drying air temperature of 46–63 °C and a drying air speed of 0.7–1.8 m/s. In order to determine the drying kinetics, the mass change of apple slices was recorded under all drying air conditions. The effects of drying air temperature and speed, drying speed of apple slices, dimensionless moisture content, were investigated. In a solar drying system, thermal efficiency, solar radiation and air velocity values were measured. The drying kinetics of 15-mm thick apple slices were examined for three days in the solar drying system. Using the decision tree algorithm, which is a machine learning algorithm, a predictive model was created for moisture rate in drying experiments and four linear equations were obtained. According to obtained equations, the collector in the drying system depends on the inlet–outlet temperature values, the drying room inlet–outlet temperature values, the drying room humidity values and air velocity values. Moisture rate data were applied to twelve different models and their performance was determined by root mean square error (RMSE) analysis. The mathematical model with the least error rate was (RMSE: 0.09) Midilli model. A comparison was made between these drying models in the literature and the model generated by the decision tree algorithm. According to the results of RMSE error analysis, it was shown that the model created with the decision tree algorithm predicted the moisture rate values with less error values RMSE: 0.03) than the Midilli model.


Life time of Wireless device Networks (WSNs) has perpetually been a important issue and has received enlarged attention within the recent years. Typically wireless device nodes area unit equipped with low power batteries that area unit impossible to recharge. Wireless device networks ought to have enough energy to satisfy the specified necessities of applications. during this paper, we have a tendency to propose Energy economical Routing and Fault node Replacement (EERFNR) formula to extend the lifespan of wireless device network, cut back information loss and conjointly cut back device node replacement value. Transmission drawback and device node loading drawback is solved by adding many relay nodes and composition device node's routing mistreatment stratified Gradient Diffusion. The device node will save backup nodes to cut back the energy for re-looking the route once the device node routing is broken. Genetic formula can calculate the device nodes to exchange, apply the foremost on the market routing methods to replace the fewest device nodes.


Challenges of education sector in Indonesia are complex. Literature on Indonesia education has shown these challenges relate to learners, educators, and administrators. We often see, in certain places such as remote areas, poor management of education system from the quality of to human resources. Consequently, this poor education quality led to student's low motivation and eventually creating the image of education in Indonesia as appeared dreary. This article aims to discuss positive psychology to contextualize challenges of Indonesia's education. I argue that positive psychology offers insights of overcoming education challenges that might lead to a more joyful educational process. The study is a literature-based research through critical and comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of education in Indonesia. This research emphasizes that positive psychology works have a very influential space to help achieving welfare of those involve in the education sector. The result offers few recommendations through finding new methods or models of learning that are pleasing that attempt to motivate students to apply positive psychology to improve their quality of life.


1. The effects of seven dopamine amino acid conjugated derivatives were compared with those of dopamine on sinus rate and contractile force using the isolated, blood‐perfused dog atrium preparation.


2-Nitrobenzanilide (4a) rearranges to 2-(2-hydroxyphenylazo)benzoic acid (5a) on exposure to light. Azoxybenzene-2-carboxylic acid (6a) is an intermediate in this transformation and also rearranges to the acid (5a) in high yield. Other N-aryl-2-nitrobenzamides (4b–f) afford the analogous azo-compounds (5b–f), but when the N-aryl system carries electron-attracting substituents (4g–j) the compounds are photostable. Irradiation of 2-nitrobenzo-m-toluidide (12) yields a mixture of two isomeric azocarboxylic acids. The scope of the rearrangement has been explored: N-(1-naphthyl)-2-nitrobenzenesulphonamide (18) affords the analogous azobenzenesulphonic acid (19) but N-alkyl- or N-aralkyl-2-nitrobenzamides, N-substituted 4-nitrobenzamides, and NN′-diphenyl-2-nitrobenzamidine (16) do not yield azo- or azoxy-compounds.


A heterostructure field-effect transistor with an n+-GaAs/p+-InGaP/n-GaAs high-barrier gate and n-GaAs/i-InGaAs/i-GaAs/delta-doped sheet heterostructure channel (device A) has been successfully fabricated and studied. The heavily doped p+-InGaP layer and heterostructure channel are introduced to increase the barrier height and carrier confinement, respectively. Experimentally, the device without the high-barrier gate structure (device B) is also fabricated for comparison to investigate the influence of high-barrier gate structure on device characteristics. Due to the high-barrier gate added to suppress the tunneling current in device A, the gate leakage current is also substantially reduced. Therefore, the turn-on voltage, breakdown voltage, current drivability, and transconductance linearity are all significantly improved for device A relative to device B. Furthermore, the temperature-dependent characteristics of device A are also improved.


FUNCTIONAL ANNOTATION AND DENDROGRAM REPRESENTATION OF GENE EXPRESSION CLUSTERING RESULTS by Antoaneta Vladimirova The advances in genomic sciences have created vast amounts of gene expression data. To make sense of the expression information, various techniques have been applied. Clustering is among the unsupervised methods used to group the results according to gene expression level. Dendrogram visualization allows graphical representation of the clustering. The aim of this thesis is to enhance these techniques by adding another layer of functionality, namely, annotating the dendrogram with gene functional information. Presented is an application which visualizes yeast clustering results as a dendrogram along with color-coded gene keyword annotations. Gene keyword information was extracted from a major biological database and was used to create a database which was queried by the program according to the user preferences. Functional annotation with keyword information will help the biologists to integrate the different type of visual information quickly and provide an intuitive way of correlating the gene expression results with gene function. FUNCTIONAL ANNOTATION AND DENDROGRAM REPRESENTATION OF GENE EXPRESSION CLUSTERING RESULTS by Antoaneta Petkova Vladimirova A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of New Jersey Institute of Technology In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Computer Science Department of Computer Science January 2003 Copyright C 2003 by Antoaneta Petkova Vladimirova


Abstract : This study of the 'Battle of the Rosebud' shows parallels between the army of 1876 and our army today. It briefly investigates the linkage of National Policy, political objectives, National Military Strategy, and the operational level of war. The army of 1876, like the-army of today, experienced drastic downsizing. It had problems adjusting doctrine to the type of fight they were experiencing, not unlike our experience in Vietnam. The study of the battle provides some lessons we have had to relearn in the recent past. It is a study of how a relatively small, unsophisticated culture fought and won against an adversary that was vastly superior in population, organization, technology and resources. As a secondary benefit, the study of this battle offers a look at the advantages, disadvantages and compromises that must be considered in combined warfare. For these reasons, this study holds powerful lessons for soldiers serving in our armed forces today. The struggles with doctrine, training the force, force structure, combined warfare, and leadership challenges are just some of the parallels that can-be drawn between Crook's Big Horn and Yellowstone Expedition and our modern units.


The concept of new economic policy in the early twenties of the XX-th century is considered in the article. A number of utopian approaches to socialism building is reconsidered.


An efficient synthetic route for the synthesis of t-Boc protected poly (p-hydroxy styrene-alt- carbon monoxide) utilizing a Pd(II) catalyst is reported. The polymer was deprotected by thermolysis or acidolysis of the tert-butoxycarbonyl protecting group to give the p- hydroxystyrene/CO copolymer. This material should lend itself well to lithographic applications because of our ability to control the molar mass of the material with a narrow molar mass distribution (which should lend to high development efficiencies). Preliminary lithographic evaluation of the copolymer is reported herein.


Abstract : The potentially toxic agent, 1,1-dimethylhydra zine (UDMH), has become very important from a medical viewpoint because of its large-scale use as a missile propellant. Pharmacological studies have revealed that the compound is primarily a central nervous system irritant, and latently causes cardiovascular collapse and ensuing irreversible shock. Pyridoxine therapy constitutes the first successful approach to specific treatment which prevents convulsions and death in all species tested. The ED50 (effective dose) of two vitamin B6 congeners, pyridoxine hydrochloride and pyridoxamine dihydrochloride, was determined in mice, rats, dogs, and monkeys. The only manifestation which was not abolished by this therapy in dogs and monkeys was vomiting. The data presented in this paper are the basis for the suggested emergency treatment of severely exposed personnel, consising of the injection of 25 mg/kg pyridox ine hydrochloride. The toxicity of pyridoxine, including overall therapeutic and clinical con siderations with routes of administration, dosage regimens, and other supportive measures, is discussed.


The first step in killing a tumor cell with a chemotherapeutic agent is to deliver the drug to the cell. Whether the cell is intrinsically sensitive or realtively resistant, the effect of the drug is proportional to the product of its concentration and the duration of exposure. In the case of tumors largely confined to extravascular cavities, such as ovarian carcinoma, there is a legitimate concern that injection of cytotoxic agents intravenously may not be the optimal way to get drug to the tumor. Following intravenous injection, most drugs have ready access to the well vascularized marrow and gut, but because of longer diffusional distances they may have much less access to intraperitoneal tumor. This is analogous to the problem of delivering drug to brain tumors that reside at least partially behind the blood-brain barrier [1]. A number of investigators have tried to improve drug delivery to the tumor by instilling cytotoxic agents directly into the peritoneal cavity, but early studies were done in a limited number of patients using small injection volumes and the results were not particularly exciting [2–4]. However, during the past five years there has been a resurgence of interest in using the intraperitoneal (i.p.) route, spurred initially by work performed at the National Cancer Institute which provided a solid pharmacologic rationale for this approach.


46 strains capable of producing inulinase were isolated from rhizosphere soil of Jerusalem artichoke(Helianthus tuberosus L.)in the salt-affected lands of Laizhou,Shandong Province.Of all,a strain with high inulinase productivity was obtained through further screening.This strain was identified as Penicillium sp.B01 primarily.After studying on its fermentation condition,the optimum condition for higher inulinase production by Penicillium sp.B01 was determined as shown below(g·L-1):extract of Jerusalem artichoke 120,yeast extract 25,NH4H2PO4 2.5,NaCl 5.0,FeSO4·7H2O 0.1,ZnSO4·7H2O 0.1;pH 7,inoculated with 3.75% of spore suspensions(2.5×106 mL-1).Maximal inulinase activity of Penicillium sp.B01 was 25.78 U·mL-1 and obtained after 72 h of growth in shake cultures(40 mL of medium in 250 mL flasks).This inulinase was mostly exo-inulinase.


CUTS Africa Email: email@example.com (Lusaka) Email: email@example.com (Nairobi) Website: www.cuts-international.org Introduction The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) XII, held in April did not only attract government delegations but also drew participation of the civil society organisations (CSOs). The CSOs presented a joint statement to the Secretary General of the UNCTAD, Supachai Panitchpakdi in which they identified free trade agreements (FTAs) as the major attributes to the erosion of policy space. The CSOs stated that the current World Trade Organisation (WTO) Doha Round of negotiations have produced imbalanced outcomes, with the developed countries being able to escape the commitments, while the developing countries continue to bear the consequences of further reduction in industrial and agriculture tariffs. The CSOs figured out the current world food and financial crisis and called for immediate international action. They also proposed certain actions that would strengthen the UNCTAD. Below are some of the highlights of the statement.


Ge nanodots with a typical size of ∼4 nm and ultrahigh density (>1012 cm−2) were grown on ultrathin SixGe1−x oxide films made by oxidizing Ge wetting layers grown on Si (111)–(7×7) surfaces. The density of the nanodots was independent of the Ge deposition rate, indicating that the chemical reaction between Ge atoms and the oxide films determined the nucleation of Ge nanodots. The size and density of Ge nanodots grown on the ultrathin SixGe1−x oxide films depended on the growth temperature and deposition amount. These dependences indicate that we can form the Ge nanodots with ultrahigh density controllably by using ultrathin SixGe1−x oxide films.


versal social phenomenon which plays as an important role in G our present-day culture as it did in times past. It is our purpose to investigate this subject clinically and culturally from the psychoanalytic point of view in an attempt to establish its psychological dimensions. T h e observation that most people gossip is commonplace, but as yet no comprehensive psychoanalytic examination of this widespread form of communication has been made. Gossip is the result of a very complex interaction between the individual psyche and the social world. Any attempt at a complete discussion of the subject necessitates an investigation into the person, "the gossip," the verb "to gossip," and the subject material of gossip. A person who has achieved proficiency in the area of sharing the secrets of others in order to manipulate the behavior of members of a social group is identified as "a gossip." As a verb, it entails the communication or transfer of information about others. T h e communicated information may be true or false, having undergone little or great distortion. Gossip is dignified by the term "rumor" when it attains great social currency and spreads beyond the confines of the small social circle. Gossip operates among individuals who have or could conceivably have face-to-face contact. Rumor deals with individuals in the


Sensitivity analysis is important in understanding the impact of climatic variables change on the variation of the reference evapotranspiration.In this study,mean daily reference evapotranspirations ET0 during growing season in 1988-2007 in Ejina oasis are calculated based on FAO56 Penman Monteith model and climatic data,and the sensitivity coefficients of ET0 to major climatic variables,including air temperature,wind speed,relative humidity and shortwave radiation are calculated too.Results show that the sensitivity coefficients of ET0 to the major climatic variables in Ejina oasis fluctuate significantly during growing season,and the sensitivity of ET0 to shortwave radiation is the most obvious,followed by air temperature,wind speed and relative humidity.According to this study,the response of ET0variation to variation of air temperature,wind speed,relative humidity and shortwave radiation can be predicted with high reliability by sensitivity coefficients.


A large amount of cracks were produced in the 2Cr13 steel blade of the last stage of a 300MW steam turbine for a long time running.On the basis of process test of repairing welding for the blade cracks,the welding process of TIG was adopted,as a result,a large amount of blade cracks were successfully repaired.This process has阿moderate value in the way of technique and economy.


The Ottoman rule on Palestine extended for four decades, and since the victory of Ottomans over Mamluks in Mark Dabiq battle in 24 August 1516. During the reign of Sultan Abdul Hamid II, Jews spent a lot of efforts to convince the Sultan to give up ruling Palestine. Even though the Ottoman state was facing difficult economic situations and was struggling to solve the problem of foreign debts, the Sultan refused all the Jew's proposals. The Jews took advantage of those adverse conditions to convince the Sultan to sell the land of the Muslims in return for financial temptations that could help the Ottoman state pay its debts. But the Sultan stood firm and refused all those offers and did not give a single inch of land to the Jews. In addition to that he resisted the migrations of Jews to Palestine, and because of the strong opposition of Sultan, Jews had begun plotting to remove him from the throne in order to implement their plans. In the end they succeeded to remove the Sultan and this situation lead to the collapse of the Islamic Caliphate which was achieved through cooperation and planning with colonial powers at that time, who had common interests with the Jews in Palestine. The Jews was able in the end to establish a homeland for Jewish people on the land of Muslim people in Palestine.


We describe an immunocompetent 49 years old male who presented with 5 days of fever & anorexia that progressed to altered mentation and sever hepatitis. His CSF and blood viral PCR panel were positive for HSV-1.


Abstract Reactions of dichloobis(indenyl) ti tanium(IV), (IN)2TiCl2, with 1,5-diarylthiocarbazones, H2Dz (aryl [dbnd] phenyl, o-chlorophenyl, p-chlorophenyl or 3,5-dimethylphenyl) in 1:1 and 1:2 molar ratios were carried out in tetrahydrofuran at room temperature using triethylamine as an HCl abstractor. The products of the type (IN)2Ti (HDz)Cl, (IN)2Ti(Dz) and (IN)2Ti(HDz)2 (IN [dbnd] indenyl; HDz− and Dz2− represent mono- and di-anions of the corresponding ligand, H2Dz) were isolated and characterized on the basis of elemental analyses, magnetic moments, electrical conductance and spectroscopic (IR, 1H NMR & electronic) studies.


This thesis presents a new method to derive a generalized transmission-line theory, the Transmission-Line Supertheory (TLST). Besides a new kind of telegrapher equations, one also gets equations for the determination of the per-unit-length parameters and the source terms. The theory is directly based on Maxwell's theory. There are no restrictions (like the exclusive TEM mode) or simplifications, although a transition from the current and charge densities to the conductor currents and charges is performed. The new theory is applicable to nonuniform transmission lines consisting of one or more wire-like conductors. It describes the propagation of electromagnetic waves along those lines as well as the coupling of external electromagnetic fields to the lines. It automatically includes all field modes and thus, covers all physical effects, including radiation losses, that can occur on a nonuniform transmission line. The principal structure of the telegrapher equations, which is known from the classical transmissionline theory, is preserved. The generalized telegrapher equations are still a system of first-order differential equations. The per-unit-length parameters not only depend on the cross-sectional shape of the line but also depend on the whole geometry of the conductors and are determined by the solution of an integral equation. Due to frequency-dependent field modes and radiation losses the parameters become complex valued and frequency dependent, even for a perfectly conducting line. The theoretical derivations are supported by several examples demonstrating the capabilities of the new theory.


The infrared thermistor transducer is used in one dimension system of temperature measurement,the transducer is connected into the electric bridge that is composed of resistors and digital potentiometer.The single chip processor can control digital potentiometer to trace the zero point of transducer,so the problem of the direct shift of transducer is solved successfully.


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Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is currently the golden standard for root canal irrigation. NaOCl at a concentration of 5.25% to 6% can eliminate E. faecalis, but this concentration can increase the risk of toxic effects. Cyanobacteria spirulina is known to produce several secondary metabolites that have antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiofilm power of Cyanobacteria spirulina against the biofilms of Enterococcus faecalis at concentrations of 60 mg/ml, 70 mg/ml, 80 mg/ml, and 90 mg/ml. This research was a true experiment with a post-test only group design. The object of the research was divided into 6 groups. Group 1 was a negative control group, group 2 was a positive control group with 5% NaOCl, group 3, 4, 5, 6 were treatment groups given Cyanobacteria spirulina solution at a concentration of 60 mg/ml, 70 mg/ml, 80 mg/ml, and 90 mg/ml, respectively. Optical density (OD) of bacteria was bound by staining and analyzed by ELISA auto reader with a wave length of 595 nm (OD 595 nm). The results of the LSD test showed that the significance between K+ and P1, P2, P3 (p< 0.005), K+ and P4 (p= 0.129), P1 and P2 (p=0.449), P3 and P4 (p=0.178). Significance of p<0.0005 showed a significant difference between the groups. The data were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA test followed by a double comparison test with the Least Significance Different (LSD) Post Hoc test method. Cyanobacteria spirulina solution at a concentration of 90 mg/ml had the greatest inhibitory effect on the biofilm formation of Enterococcus faecalis.


This paper deals with the species of the commonest genus of the American Streblidae. The descriptions of the species were made from specimens mounted on slides, in Canada balsam. Here I wish to point out again that spirit preserved specimens are unsuitable for the study of these Diptera. These specimens do not show clearly the details of the structure of some sclerotized parts, and especially the arrangement of the small setae on the thorax, which in some cases, are the only reliable characters for the separation of the species. The study of unmounted specimens of these Diptera may easily lead to incorrect identification, or to the increase of undesirable synonyms.