This paper presents an approach for generating Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) differential corrections by distributing GNSS and georeferenced vision measurements through a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications network. Conventionally, high-quality differential GNSS corrections are generated from a stationary reference receiver in close proximity to a set of mobile users. The proposed method, which is called Collaborative Vision Integrated Pseudorange Error Removal (C-VIPER), instead generates differential corrections using data from moving vehicles, thus eliminating the need for an infrastructure of stationary receivers. An important feature of the proposed algorithm is that individual differential corrections are computed for each satellite, so that corrections can be shared among users with different satellites in view. As demonstrated in simulation, measurement sharing significantly improves positioning accuracy in both the cross-track direction, where the quality of visual lane-boundary measurements is high, and the along-track direction, where the quality is low. Furthermore, because measurements are shared among many vehicles, the networked solution is robust to vision-sensor dropouts that may occur for individual vehicles.


The quality for innovation is the resource of the development of science and technology, the native higher school should strengthen the experiment teaching to develop the ability for innovation and to distribute to the development of our country.


The problem of generating sufficiently smooth reference trajectories for the flatness-based feedforward control of a Diesel engine air system with input constraints is addressed in this work. The proposed trajectory planning can handle arbitrary command inputs and provides the reference signals required by the flatness-based controller. Thereby, the desired tracking behavior for the controlled variables is defined by a linear target system. The input constraints are taken into account by limiting the target system dynamics to the realizable air system dynamics as determined by the flat design model and the limits of the control input. Furthermore, a prioritization of the controlled variables is included in this limitation. The differentially flat reduced-order design model used in this work is deduced from a high-order reference model by applying the singular perturbation theory. The suitability of the proposed trajectory planning in combination with the feedforward controller is shown by means of simulation studies relying on the high-order reference air system model.


To report uptake of genetic counseling (GC) and prenatal genetic testing after the finding of atypical genitalia on prenatal ultrasound (US) and the clinical and genetic findings of these pregnancies.


(P1⁄4 0.017, Supplemental Table 1, http://links.lww.com/EJA/A215). We found a statistically significant reduction in the pain area in the improved group (P1⁄4 0.001), but not in the nonimproved group (P1⁄4 0.442). The pain area did not differ between the improved and nonimproved groups before the block (P1⁄4 0.341) but was significantly lower in the improved group after the block (P1⁄4 0.021) (Supplemental Fig. 3, http://links.lww.com/EJA/A215). There was a statistically significant correlation between change in total pain area and change in pain intensity after the block (correlation coefficient1⁄4 0.737, P1⁄4 0.002) (Supplemental Fig. 4, http://links.lww.com/EJA/A215).


The mammalian neocortex is subdivided into a series of 'cortical areas' that are functionally and anatomically distinct, and are often distinguished in brain sections using histochemical stains and other markers of protein expression. We searched the Allen Mouse Brain Atlas, a database of gene expression, for novel markers of cortical areas. We employed a random forest algorithm to screen for genes that change expression at area borders. We found novel genetic markers for 19 of 39 areas and provide code that quickly and efficiently searches the Allen Mouse Brain Atlas.


An infectious disease occurred in a pig farm in Sichuan Province,which was characterized by water-like diarrhea,gastric mucosa shedding and gastric ulcer. To identify the reason,one representative sample was selected for pathogen detection,mesenteric lymph nodes were collected for virus detection,and intestinal contents and liver were collected for the separation of parasites and bacteria. In result,no viruses and parasites were dected but one bacterial strain(SCDC-1) was isolated from the intestinal contents,and confirmed by pathogen purification, mice pathogenic experiment, pig return experiment,and biochemical test. The 16S rDNA sequence of SCDC1 was found to be consistent with that of eight strains of Enterobacteraceae and four strains of Pasteurella deposited in the GenBank. Homology analysis revealed that the identity of 16S rDNA sequence between isolated strain and four E.coli strains were from 99.5% to 99.9%. The pig return experiment proved that the artificially infection can causes the same disease symptoms as before. In addition,sensitive drug screen revealed that the SCDS strain was sensitive to ceftriaxone sodium,cefepime and amikacin. In conclusion,the main pathogen of pig gastric ulcer in this case is Escherichia coli.


The directions of net migration and population redistribution in the U.S. have switched from nonmetropolitan deconcentration during the 1970s to metropolitan concentration during the 1980s back to deconcentration once again in the early 1990s. The complex causes of these distribution shifts are thought to involve both structural reconfigurations of economic activities that effect the location of opportunities and residential preferences that are tied more closely to amenities and quality of life considerations. This paper uses comparable data from three representative sample surveys of the U. S. population to update earlier research on the preferential basis of redistribution trends. We demonstrate that shifts in the metropolitan-nonmetropolitan direction of net migration and population redistribution tend to coincide with shifts in the direction of preferences during the 1980s period of reconcentration and during the 1990s renewal of deconcentration. (authors)


Concentration of ammonium ion supplied to soil microbes, i.e., concentration of ammonium ion in soil solution, is one of the important factors affecting decomposition of plant residues and soil organic matters in soil. When it is more than 200 ppm, the growth of soil microorganisms concerned with decomposition of plant residues or soil organic matters is prevented and the decomposition of them is remarkably retarded. Accumulation of the organic matter becoming decomposable through the effect of drying a soil which is directly concerned with the supply source of carbon dioxide to atmosphere of fields and the naturally supplied nitrogen to crops is also hindered due to such a concentration of ammonium ion as more than 200 ppm nitrogen.


Instructors evaluated the quality of their own teaching and were evaluated by their students in each of 331 different courses. Student evaluations of teaching correlated with instructor self evaluations in courses taught by teaching assistants (r=.46), in undergraduate courses taught by faculty (r=.41), and even in graduate level courses (r=.39), demonstrating their validity at all levels of university teaching. Both student and instructor ratings were reliable, and separate factor analyses indicated that the same nine evaluation factors (learning/ value, organization, enthusiasm, etc.) underlay both sets of ratings. Furthermore', student-instructor agreement on each factor was independent of its agreement on other factors. While correlations between student and instructor ratings on the same factors were high (median r=.45) correlations between their ratings on different factors was low (median r=.00). This argues for the distinctiveness of the different factors and for the use of multifactor evalua*don instruments that have been developed with the use of factor analytic techniques. These findings establish the validity of student evaluations at all levels of university teaching, suggest the possible usefulness of instructor self evaluations, and will help reassure faculty about the accuracy of the student ratings. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 4::) The authors gratefully acknowledge John Schutz, Donald Lewis, Joseph Kertes, and Robert Linnell, administrators and faculty at the University of Southern California who +lave supported the student evaluation program.. Thanks are also extended to Zoe Cosgrove for her helpful comments and careful reading of this paper, and to Steven Kesler and Christopher Le Blanc for their assistance in (In compiling the data. Paper presented at 1979 Annual Meeting of American Educational Research Association, San Francisco, April 1979. Session 27.09 U.S IMPARTMENT Of HE ALTO. EDUCATION I vieomta NATIONAL INSTITUTE OP aoucATIoN THIS DOCuMENT HAS SEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRE SENT OFFICIAL NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY


The Tarim desert oilfield is located in the interior of mobile dune groups in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert,about 200 km away from the oases at its southern and northern edges of the desert.Many rivers at the southern edge of the Tarim basin originate from the Kunlun Mountains,while the formation and distribution of groundwater and the variation characteristics of groundwater chemical property have a close linkage with the cycle and transformation of surface water in the southern region.In this study the samples of river water,spring water,lake water and groundwater in the south of the desert oilfield were collected for the analysis of water quality,and thereby it was got the preliminarily understand on distribution features,quality conditions and chemical characteristics of surface water and groundwater.The results can provide the basic data for the rational developing and use of water resources in this region.


Objective To study the effect of intervention and supporting in the third trimester of pregnancy on maternal cognitive behavior and delivery outcome.Methods 300 pregnant woman who fitted in the natural childbirth indications were chosen,and they were randomly divided into observation group received intervention and supporting and control group received routine treatment,each group had 150 cases.Then their negative emotions,delivery attitudes,delivery knowledge,delivery mode and postpartum hemorrhage volume were observed.Results Antepartum HAMD score and HAMA score,VAS score in birth process of observation group were significantly lower than that in control group(P 0.05).Their delivery attitude,delivery knowledge,intrapartum coping behavior scores and the natural childbirth number were significantly higher than that of the control group(P 0.05).And the volume of hemorrhage 2 hours after parturition was significantly less than that in the control group(P 0.05).Conclusion Intervention and supporting in the third trimester of pregnancy can effectively improve maternal delivery attitude and delivery knowledge,alleviate maternal negative emotions,improve the birth rate and reduce postpartum hemorrhage volume,so it is an effective intervention in pregnancy.


An effective simultaneous evaluation method for the complex permittivity and permeability of the specimen filling partially the rectangular waveguide is proposed. Electromagnetic field analysis for the evaluation is based on the extended spectral domain approach combined with the mode-matching method (ESDMM). ESDMM is accurate and more efficient than FEM and suitable for the iterative fitting to estimate the material characteristics. Microwave absorbing rubber sheet was measured over the X-band by the present method. The sample preparation and setting are far easy compared with conventional method, because it is not necessary to fill exactly the cross section of waveguide. The evaluated results by ESDMM for the several samples have showed good agreement with ones measured by conventional method.


Numerical models consisting of two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) uniform grid meshes for the transmission line matrix method (TLM) currently use 2 and 3, respectively, to compensate for the apparent sound speed. In this paper, new compensation factors are determined from a priori simulations, performed without compensation, in 2D and 3D TLM one-section tube models. The frequency values of the first mistuned resonance peaks, obtained from these simulations, are substituted in the corresponding equations for the resonance frequencies in one-section tubes to find the apparent sound propagation speed in the mesh environment and, thus, the necessary compensation. The new factors have been tested in more complex models like a two-tube concatenation model and a realistic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-reconstructed human vocal tract (VT) model. Important VT modeling results confirm the improvement over the conventional compensation factors, particularly for frequencies above 4 kHz. Among these results are the identification of the spectral trough at about 5200 Hz caused by the piriform fossa and the application of a pitch extraction algorithm to the 3D TLM output signal, finding a difference smaller than 0.66% relatively to human voice pitch.


The relative ease with which children versus adults carried out a recognition task for words in their own versus an unfamiliar language was investigated. According to the critical period hypothesis it was predicted that the difference in the foreign and native recognition scores for music and language would be less than the respective difference within these two acoustical domains for adults.


The phenomena of electron injection occurring during anodic dissolution of Si are studied in a dual-electrolyte transistor-like geometry:  variations in the population of minority carriers of a p-Si wafer resulting from injection are detected by a second liquid junction on the back side of the electrode. Investigations in acidic fluoride media show that electrons injected during porous silicon formation undergo ready surface recombination. A significant back current is detected in the electropolishing regime, indicating that important injection processes occur even under the latter conditions. Analogous investigations at p-Si in 2 M KOH show electron injection in correspondence to the oxidation peak leading to passivation. Results are compared with literature data and discussed with reference to current models of silicon dissolution.


An improved product has been designed to control lost circulation. The product possesses high strength over a broad range of densities with a variety of fluids. This paper discusses the results of several factors considered to evaluate its field performance. The new high-fluid-loss, high-strength (HFHS) lost circulation treatment is compared to other technologies that are currently offered in the field to mitigate partial and severe lost circulation. The HFHS lost circulation solution is a dry single-sack product with an increased strength that resists mechanical damage and is compatible with fresh water, sea water and nonaqueous fluids (NAF). The operating density range is between 7 and 16 lb/gal and is stable up to 350°F (177°C). An HFHS pill has been successfully pumped through bit jet sizes as small as 10/32 in. as well as pumped through a jar, mud motor and MWD tool. The new HFHS lost circulation treatment was specifically designed to possess these advantages in order to maximize rig efficiency in most wellbore pressure sensitive zones where significant drilling fluid losses are prevalent. Introduction Lost circulation is responsible for some of the most difficult and costly challenges operators encounter during the drilling process. Although there are several practices traditionally used to mitigate lost circulation, to date there are very few methods that are routinely successful when treating severe losses (≥100 bbl/hr). Historically, some of the more commonly used methods have included cross-linked polymer, gunk/cement and particulate squeeze treatments, with work on the latter forming the prime focus of this study. Using specially developed laboratory techniques, a new product was designed and compared to a number of conventional squeeze treatments commonly used in the field to mitigate severe lost circulation. The high-fluid-loss, highstrength (HFHS) lost circulation treatment is designed to defluidize rapidly on demand, leaving behind a compacted matrix of solids that is strong enough to withstand the physical stresses associated with drilling. The HFHS lost circulation treatment is a one-sack product comprised of specially sized and selected solids. When mixed with either aqueous or nonaqueous fluid (NAF), the pill is subsequently pumped and squeezed downhole. Unlike many of the systems that are currently available, an HFHS lost circulation treatment can be weighted-up with barite while still retaining high strength. This paper discusses the importance of strength with regard to HFHS lost circulation treatments and describes the evaluation techniques used. Laboratory data are presented comparing a number of particulate squeeze treatments, in addition to some yard trial results of the newly developed HFHS lost circulation solution. Circulation Losses To minimize fluid losses when drilling, a filter cake is ideally and evenly deposited over the face of the formation allowing the wellbore to support increased pressures. However, circulation losses can occur in either a single point or over a broad location. A filter cake cannot properly form in severely fractured formations, nor highly permeable, low pressure or depleted zones. In turn, the absence of a sufficient filter cake may lead to partial or whole mud loss into the formation. Such lost circulation events can be classified as partial losses (10-100 bbl/hr) or severe losses (≥100 bbl/hr). In addition to the expense of losing valuable drilling fluid, other costly drilling issues that are attributed to lost circulation are non-productive time, collapse of the wellbore, stuck pipe, blowouts and even well abandonment in extreme cases. An HFHS pill is designed to lower drilling fluid losses by placing a calculated concentration of specially designed solids at the Lost Circulation Zone (LCZ). The single-sack HFHS treatment is mixed at the rig site in water, seawater, brine or NAF. After being pumped downhole, the pill is effectively spotted and squeezed into the thief zone. During the squeeze operation, the liquid carrier of the HFHS pill is defluidized into the formation. Upon defluidizing, the solids seal the loss zone forming a strong and durable plug. As the filtrate is squeezed into the formation and the consolidated matrix of solids increases in thickness, so does the resistance to differential pressures and mechanical stress. The unique chemical and material composition of the HFHS lost circulation treatment creates a strong matrix that provides excellent sealing capabilities for a wide variety of lost circulation scenarios. The remainder of this paper will review the newly developed HFHS lost circulation solution and compare it to other technologies that are currently offered in the field for similar applications. The basis for product comparison will be the survival of the product under high differential pressure conditions and a shear strength evaluation encompassing a variety of conditions. AADE-10-DF-HO-42 Maximize Drilling Time by Minimizing Circulation Losses Jason T. Scorsone, Eugene S. Dakin, and Mark W. Sanders, M-I SWACO 2 J.T. Scorsone, E.S. Dakin, M.W. Sanders AADE-10-DF-HO-42 Increasing the Fracture Gradient Downhole formations exhibit various levels of permeability and porosity. While drilling, one of the many causes of severe mud losses may be due to highly permeable or severely fractured formations that do not allow for the deposition of an acceptable mud filter cake. In this circumstance, it is extremely difficult for the driller to maintain circulation, because the wellbore pressure will exceed the pore pressure and whole mud is lost. One possible solution for this lost circulation event would be to spot an HFHS pill to form a seal along the interface of the formation. After HFHS pill defluidization, the strong, impermeable plug will provide a sturdy foundation for a mud filter cake which can withstand high differential pressures. In order to test this application, a Permeability Plugging Apparatus (PPA) was used to simulate and measure mud loss and HFHS pill defluidization across a 190-μm aloxite disc at room temperature. The waterand oil-based drilling fluid formulations that were used for this testing can be found in Table 1 and Table 2. Neither the water-based drilling fluid (WBM) nor oil-based drilling fluid (OBM) formed a filter cake on the 190-μm aloxite disk at the low differential pressure of ~50 lb/in.2. This simulated whole mud lost to a highly permeable formation, whereas the HFHS pill defluidized under the same low differential pressure conditions until a rigid plug of solids was formed on the disks (Fig. 1a & Fig. 1b). After the HFHS pill formed a seal on the disk, the PPA was disassembled and base mud was poured behind the plug (Fig. 3a). Using an ISCO 1000 Model D Syringe Pump, the newly formed seal was tested for failure under increasing, step-wise increments of differential pressure over time. The HFHS treatment was able to withstand differential pressures up to at least 1,500 psi, which was the upper pressure limit of the instrument (Fig. 2a & Fig. 2b). The HFHS matrix decreased the permeability and porosity of the formation interface where the mud was initially lost. The decrease in pore space volume and fluid conductivity provided a compatible support for the mud to form an impermeable filter cake (Fig. 3b). The implications of a strong seal along the interface of a highly permeable formation can be considered with the following example. The pore pressure (PP) at 10,000 ft (3,050 m) may be 4,680 psi (equivalent to a 9.0 lb/gal drilling fluid) and the fracture gradient (FG) may be 4,940 psi (equivalent to a 9.5 lb/gal drilling fluid). This presents a narrow pressure window for drilling operations. If the drilling fluid density is below 9.0 lb/gal, fluid from the formation could enter the wellbore and possibly cause a collapsed wellbore or even blowout. On the other hand, having a drilling fluid with a density above 9.5 lb/gal could fracture the formation, inducing lost circulation. This situation is applied to the standard equation to calculate bottomhole pressure (BHP) at true vertical depth (TVD): BHP = MW × 0.052 × TVD Eq. 1 PP 9.0 × 0.052 ×10,000 4,680 psi Eq. 2 FG 9.5 × 0.052 × 10,000 4,940 psi Eq. 3 Under these drilling circumstances, there exists a small operating window of only 260 psi (4,940 psi – 4,680 psi) in which the density of the fluid must be maintained to prevent a collapsed hole or formation fracture. A proposed solution would be to spot the HFHS pill with the intent to increase the fracture gradient of the formation. The HFHS lost circulation treatment was tested to withstand a differential pressure of at least 1,500 psi. Therefore, in this example, the use of an HFHS treatment could potentially increase the fracture gradient in the local region of the wellbore to 6,440 psi (4,940 psi + 1,500 psi) under the right conditions. Furthermore, Eq. 1 can be used to calculate the allowable mud weight from this increased fracture gradient: 6440 MW × 0.052 × 10,000 Eq. 4 MW 12.4 lb/gal Eq. 5 The HFHS pill increases the allowable mud weight of the drilling fluid from 9.5 lb/gal to about 12.4 lb/gal. This provides a wider pressure drilling window and allows reasonable room for Equivalent Circulation Density (ECD) without fracturing the formation or permitting fluid influxes or hole collapse. In this scenario, the use of the HFHS lost circulation treatment would enable the operator to continue drilling at a heavier mud weight. Potentially, this may increase the depth at which the next casing string is to be placed, and could also possibly lead to the access of deeper targets. [Obviously, this example is for illustration purposes, only. In a real-life situation, greater planning would be required, in particular with regard to formation characteristics and squeeze pressures.] Density The drilling window defines the range of hydraulic pressures required to maintain wellbore integrity while avoiding fra


Pulmonary embolism and venous ischemia are acute complications of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower extremities. Delayed complications include a spectrum of debilitating symptoms referred to as postthrombotic syndrome (PST). Because the early symptoms and patient signs are nonspecific for DVT, careful history taking and radiological evaluation of the extent and migration of thrombus should be used to establish an objective diagnosis and the need for treatment. Anticoagulation therapy is recognized as the mainstay treatment in acute DVT. However, there are few data to suggest any major beneficial effect of the early clearing of massive DVT and PTS. Endovascular, catheter-directed, thrombolysis techniques, used alone or in combination with mechanical thrombectomy devices, have been proven to be highly effective in clearing acute DVT, which may allow the preservation of venous valve function and the prevention of subsequent venous occlusive disease. Definitive management of the underlying anatomic occlusive abnormalities should also be undertaken.


The three-phase behaviors for the quaternary system of n-dodecyl polyglucoside or lauric-N-methylglucamide (MEGA-12)/n-alcohol/alkane/water have been studied with ϵ-β fishlike phase diagram. The increase of ϵ at constant β causes a series of phase inversions Winsor I(2) → III(3) → II . The physicochemical parameters, such as the mass fraction of n-butanol in the hydrophile-lipophile balanced interfacial layer (AS), the coordinates of the start and end points of the middle-phase microemulsion, and the solubilities of surfactant and n-butanol in alkane phase were calculated. The effects of different oils and aqueous media on the phase behavior, the composition of the interfacial layer, and the solubilizing power were investigated. It was found that the oil with small molecular volume increases the solubilizing power. In inorganic salt (NaCl) and acid (HCl) solutions, less n-butanol is needed than that in alkali (NaOH) solution to form middle- and single-phase microemulsions. The middle-phase microemulsions formed by n-dodecyl polyglucoside and lauric-N-methylglucamide were compared.


T he left atrial appendage (LAA) is the most common site of left atrial thrombus with more than 90% of thrombi formed within this structure. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is the gold standard imaging technique for identifying LAA thrombus, with sensitivity and specificity both of 95%–100%. An imaging modality that is used on most cardiac patients is the transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE). While quick and noninvasive, it is not known for its ability to detect left atrial appendage thrombi. Detecting a thrombus on TTE is a great advantage as it allows for rapid initiation of anticoagulation and avoidance of cardioversion early in atrial fibrillation patients. This case demonstrates the rare occurrence of a patient who was found to be in atrial fibrillation in the setting of thyrotoxicosis who was subsequently discovered to have a left atrial appendage thrombus on TTE. A 48-year-old male with past medical history of Graves' disease presented to the hospital for worsening shortness of breath of one-week duration. In the emergency department, he was found to be in atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response in the setting of severe thyrotoxicosis. The patient was appropriately started on a diltiazem infusion for rate control, along with methimazole and IV steroids for management of Graves' disease. A TTE was subsequently performed and revealed a newly reduced ejection fraction of 20% with a large mobile left atrial appendage thrombus (Figure 1A & 1B). Rhythm control and cardioversion was there-


Nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equations have been fundamental in modeling nonlinear wave phenomena in plasmas [22,34], deep water surfaces [1,4,38], optical fibres [1,18,28], ferromagnetic materials [11,37], and Bose–Einstein condensates [26,27]. NLS equations with solutions decaying at infinity have been studied in detail [2–4,9,16]. After finding the Peregrine solutions [25], significant results on NLS equations with nonvanishing boundary conditions have been reported in Akhmediev et al. [5,6], Akhmediev and Korneev [7], Its et al. [19], Mihalache et al. [23], Tajiri and Watanabe [29], Zakharov and Gelash [35,36]. The direct and inverse scattering theory of the focusing NLS equation with nonvanishing boundary conditions has been studied systematically in Biondini and Kovačić [8], Demontis et al. [14]. We shall frequently refer to Demontis et al. [14] for some of the direct scattering results. In this article we consider the focusing 1 + 1 AKNS system


The meiotic abnormalities induced by acute ionizing radiations have been reported in earlier investigations (Mather 1934). Sinha and Godward (1972) and Acharia (1972) studied the different types of chromosomal aberrations exhibited during meiosis of Lens culinaris raised from the irradiated seeds. The effect of chronic radiation on Lens culinaris is being reported for the first time. These aber rations are compared with those caused by acute radiation. The cells undergoing meiotic division show bipartite nature of their chromo somes from early zygotene to the end of second metaphase. The chromatid aber rations and physiological effects (surface stickiness of the chromosomes) are two abnormalities exhibited by the chromosomes when the cells are irradiated during the process of their division (Marquardt 1938, Lea 1955, Swanson 1965). Whereas, the cells which enter division after they are exposed to acute radiations, are capable of exhibiting only structural changes induced in their chromosomes (Lea 1955).


Based on the harmonic eliminating practice in Lishui district, this paper analyzes the reasons and hazards of harmonic, compares different harmonic eliminating plans, and discusses plans suitable for power system in Lishui district. These modes include centralized elimination,special transformer on the spot and passive filter on the spot. The passive filter mode is mature and deserves to popularize.


DOI: 10.21276/sjams.2018.6.9.5 Abstract:The early diagnosis of malaria not only mitigates the sufferings but also reduces the transmission of the parasite in the community. Therefore precise laboratory diagnosis and species identification are very essential. The present study was conducted to compare the efficacy of centrifuged buffy coat smear, peripheral blood smear, and rapid antigen detection. A total of 399 samples were collected from all cases clinically suspected of malaria. Detection of malaria parasite was done by the following techniques: Staining of Peripheral blood smear with Leishman stain, Rapid antigen detection by chromatographic Immunoassay and centrifuged Buffy Coat Smear (CBCS). The total number of malaria positive cases was found to be 133 (33.33%).It was observed that CBCS had high sensitivity (85.38%) in detecting the malaria parasites as compared with PBS (83.84%), while PBS had high specificity (99.62%) in detecting the malaria parasites as compared with CBCS (98.88%). In comparison to the gold standard Rapid antigen test, it was observed that while both PBS and CBCS had excellent specificity, PBS thick smear had slightly higher sensitivity (83.9%) in detecting the malaria parasites as compared with PBS thin smear (81.5%), while CBCS thick smear had slightly higher sensitivity (85.61) in detecting the malaria parasites as compared with CBCS thin smear (85.60).


This is a post-print version of a paper that appears in the Journal of Contemporary European Studies, Vol.11, No. 1: 85-93, 2003 -http://www.journalsonline.tandf.co.uk/(3tuwem55puxkq0vwwosc3yjq)/app/home/contribution.asp?referrer=parentbjournal,9,9;linkingpublicationresults,1:109429,1


A case of retroperitoneal haematoma due to a ruptured microaneurysm of the posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery in a 61 year old man is described. Ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed cystic masses near the gall‐bladder. Selective coeliac angiography disclosed a microaneurysm of the posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery. Surgical extirpation of the cystic masses was performed, and the histological finding was an encapsulated old haematoma.


Citation Yu, Winston, Yi-Chen Yang, Andre Savitsky, Donald Alford, Casey Brown, James Wescoat, Dario Debowicz, and Sherman Robinson. "Future Climate Scenarios for the Indus Basin." The Impacts of Climate Risks on Water and Agriculture (April 18, 2013): 77–93. © International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank As Published http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/9780821398746_CH04 Publisher The World Bank


This paper analyzed the relationship that certain demographic and educational variables might have on the training in environmental education (EE) received by undergraduate students enrolled in a Degree in Primary Education (DPE) at two Spanish universities. For this purpose, they were given a questionnaire to assess the link between certain personal and educational characteristics relating to the students in the sample (n = 274) and three components of an environmental competence (EC) model: environmental knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. The results indicate that variables like gender, the students' habitual place of residence, the type of leisure activities they undertook, and some educational factors had a significant impact on the acquisition of the said competencies. In light of these outcomes, the paper reflects on the possible role that non-university contexts might play in environmental education for pre-service teachers.


The prime aim in this paper is to find out the effect of Silica Fume and Steel Slag replacements for cement and fine aggregate respectively in the concrete matrix. The research included replacement of constant percentage of silica fume i.e. 10% with cement and varying percentages of steel slag replacements viz. 40%, 45%, 50% and 55% with fine aggregates. It was found from the experimental investigations that optimum results for strength in compression, flexure and split case for concrete were established on 10% of silica fume replacement for steel slag and 50% replacement of steel slag with sand.


Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using embedded-atom method (EAM) potentials are used to study the fundamental failure processes that occur on the nanoscale in copper and aluminum as a result of an applied boundary deformation. This work focuses on tensile deformation and fracture of 'near' and 'exact' Coincident Site Lattice (CSL) grain boundaries. Previous experimental and simulation work has shown that grain boundaries with CSL misorientations may have a lower grain boundary energy, which suggests that these boundaries may have unique fracture properties as compared with general high-angle grain boundaries. In this communication we study grain boundary interface models formed by a symmetric rotation of the opposing lattice regions around a [100] misorientation axis. Interface structures are created using a 0 K energy minimization procedure with a nonlinear conjugate gradient algorithm. Tensile deformation calculations are performed at 300 K using appropriate temperature controls. For the range of interface misorientation angles examined in this work, the interface structure appears to play a role in the tensile deformation response. Specifically, the peak tensile stress within the interface region shows a modest increase for interface models with exact Σ5 (310) orientation in copper and exact Σ5 (210) orientation in aluminum. Interface models with near Σ5 interface misorientations show a reduced peak stress by comparison. An approximation of interface porosity on the nanoscale is calculated by monitoring the coordination number of each atom within the interface region. MD simulations show that the nanoporosity measurement is capable of differentiating between grain boundaries on the nanoscale, and thus is appropriate to relate the interface structure to the interface strength for the purpose of making connections to microstructure-sensitive continuum interface separation potentials.


Grid computing is a form of distributed computing that involves coordinating and sharing computing, application, data, storage, or network resources across geographically isolated sites. Grid is a collective framework of nodes which contribute a combination of resources to grid users. Computational grid is an infrastructure that provides dependable, consistent and inexpensive high-end computing capability. This paper describes the grid infrastructure deployed for enabling high-performance computing through sharing heterogeneous computational resources spread across different units of an R&D establishment. It gives technical overview of Grid architecture, technology and standards, and explains in detail the services implemented for successful deployment of the computing Grid. The Grid middleware, its fundamental components and various functionalities offered are covered. The Grid-enabled high performance scientific and engineering applications exploit the potential of the computational grid resulting in increased productivity, reduced time and better price-to-performance ratio for computing resources.


On July 7, 1939 Japan's Imperial Army sparked an 8-year war against China with a battle at Lugouqiao (Marco Polo Bridge) near Beiping. The Japanese army then began invading cities all along the eastern coast of China, and by December 1937 the capital Nanjing fell. The first provisional capital, Wuhan, fell in October 1938. The Nationalist Government then moved further inland to the city of Chongqing in Sichuan province [show maps & explain strategic location]. For the remainder of the war, Chongqing was subject to a total of 268 air raids from Japanese bombers, which targeted civilian residences, business districts, schools, and hospitals. There is no conclusive tally of the numbers of people killed and wounded in Chongqing throughout the war, but the existing records are staggering.


Sickle cell disease is a devastating abnormality of RBC's that results in circulatory impairment in tissue damage, infarctions, severe anaemia and life threatening infections (Yawn et al., 2014). During pregnancy maternal problems can arise from pre-existing chronic underlying organ dysfunction such as renal disease or pulmonary hypertension, from acute complications of SCD such as vaso occlusive crisis and acute chest syndrome. Here we are discussing a case of 19yr old primigravida, a known case of Sickle cell disease with beta- Thalassemia trait having multiple vaso occlusive crises throughout pregnancy that required multiple blood transfusions and ICU admissions. However pregnancy was continued till term with successful outcome due to joint efforts of obstetrician and physician.


LU Xun portrayed, in his novels, a number of female characters in a post-feudal language environment, who were subject to miserable endings. Also in corporated into the novels were LU Xun's deep reflections on the times, the society and the national spirit.


This volume presents biographies, written by academics and journalists, of the leading figures in the history of the Labour Party since World War II. The biographies assess the personalities and political careers of key figures who reached the senior ranks in Labour politics but never became party leaders. There are studies of: charismatic left-wingers such as Nye Bevan and Tony Benn; pillars of the movement such as Ernie Bevin; senior and highly successful ministers like Denis Healey and Roy Jenkins; leading intellectuals and writers like Anthony Crosland and Michael Foot; and, arguably, the most important woman in Labour history - Barbara Castle. The biographies are set against a background of turbulent Labour history from the landslide victory of 1945 and the years of Labour achievement under Atlee, through the Wilson years - now beginning to enjoy some rehabilitation - via the "unelectability" and near-eclipse of the later 1970s and 1980s, to the triumph of new Labour in 1997. The book focuses on the impact of each individual on Labour's fortunes, their successes and failures, their legacy and place in the history of the Labour movement and of modern Britain.


This paper reports on a search for neutrons generated during cold fusion in an electrochemical cell conducted using a redundant detector system with three independent channels, an overall measured efficiency of 9.2%, and a background of 10 count/h. While spurious signals indicative of neutrons occurred one channel at a time, no real neutron emission events, where a signal is observed in all three channels simultaneously, were recorded for a wide variety of electrodes and electrolytes.


According to the present situation of pressure pipeline operation company and based on the analysis of pipe wall temperature and corrosion thinning relationship,the infrared thermal image instrument was selected to explore and practice in the field for pressure piping,and then for pipes in question thickness gauges were used to measure the thickness of the pipe.By so doing,the work efficiency was improved and the coverage of thickness measurement was increased thus to avoid corrosion thinning pipelines undetected.


Surface electromyograms (EMGs) were recorded from the masseter (Mass), one of the major muscles for chewing, and from the suprahyoid (SH) muscles , involved in swallowing. Activity patterns of these EMGs were analyzed with a T P method that was developed specifically to quantify muscle activity patterns. To compare individual EMG bursts in a participant with different amplitudes and active durations, the bursts were cumulatively integrated to standardize the amplitudes and active durations. Each T P value calculated by this method indicated a relative location of an EMG burst on a standardized time scale free from changes in the amplitudes and active durations. Both In P and D P values were derived from the T P values and also applied to the burst. A T 50 value indicated the standardized time for half of the final cumulatively integrated EMG burst. Five groups of application samples were introduced to demonstrate the usefulness of the T P method in comparing activity patterns of the Mass and SH EMGs during chewing and swallowing, while participants were in different body positions and experiencing different tastes and textures of sample foods. Finally, limitations and perspectives of the T P method are discussed.


Using the oriented molecular beam, the orientational dependence of the CN(A) and of the CN(B) radical formation has been reinvestigated to obtain orientational opacity functions for the Ar(3P) + CF3CN reaction. The steric model with the Legendre polynomial expansion gave the best-fit functions which have two reactive sites on CF3CN. One site locates at the CN end and the other one near the C–F bonds. It was found that the CF3 end attack is the least favorable for both CN formations. These results substantiate the relationship between the shape of the 2e and 7a1 molecular orbitals of CF3CN and the orientational opacity functions.


Through the study and analysis of the structural characteristics and the principle of portable slurry pump.Use of Pro/E to establish the drive-assembly mode of BW-150 slurry pump,and complete the kinematic analysis.Find the kinematic disciplinarian and the whole performance.Then propose a cam-drive mechanism to replace the crank linkage mechanism method to optimize this slurry pump.The Pro/E emulational results conclude: the slurry pump of structural improved can be gotten the constant flow output without pressure oscillation.


Adrian ATANASIU, Victor MITRANAUniversity of Bucharest, Faculty of Mathematics,Academiei 14, 70109 Bucharest, ROMANIAAbstract. First, the paper presents some results concerning the decomposition ofa word. Next, one considers parallel substitutions of a subword of a given word withan other string. There are investigated some necessary and sucient conditions inorder to obtain the original word w after parallel substituting a word x by y and thensubstituting y by x.1.Preliminaries.To substitute a subword of a word with an other word is a generalisation of theinsertion and deletion operations introduced in [4].A substitution has been de nedas an operation on an alphabet; in this case a word must be substituted. In thisrespect, this type of substitutions can be viewed as a generalisation of the commonsubstitution mappings.This paper is a continuation of [2] where the sequential substitution was investi-gated.In the sequel, the basic notions and notations will be presented. For formal lan-guages details, the reader is referred to [3],[6]. An alphabet is a nite nonempty set;if V = fa


This paper is a Corpus-based Contrastive Study of the semantic prosodic features of adverbs in learners' English,based on CLEC and BYU-BNC and adopting WordSmith Tools,the paper,taking the node words rather and quite as example,gives a contrastive analysis on the semantic prosodic features of the two node words showing by the significant collocates obtaining from the two corpora.The results show that great differences exist in the semantic prosody of adverbs between Chinese learners of English and English native speakers:1.the low frequency of typical collocation use,and high randomness;2.the semantic prosodic clash and inharmony;3.fewer collocation types and the semantic narrowness.


Parasitic effects lower the self-resonant frequency of a coil and therefore limit its usable frequency range. In this paper a method is presented to substantially expand the usable frequency range of high current rated inductors. The basic idea of the method is to control the resonant frequencies of a coil by placing a gap between groups of windings and to connect a resistor network in parallel. The concept is investigated at a planar spiral topology of a coil. An appropriate equivalent circuit is developed and calculated. Systematic investigations of the coil allow stating approximations about inductance, the parasitic capacitance and resonant frequency. The concept is finally approved by real measurements on a prototype coil. In a last step the proposed HF-Coil is assembled to a prototype filter.


This paper investigates the rescheduling algorithm for steelmaking continuous casting in integrated steel production environment. Steelmaking-continuous casting rescheduling problem is modeled as a dynamic constraint satisfaction problem. The inconsistencies caused by the machine failure events are incrementally repaired by variable selection and value selection algorithm. In order to minimize the change extent in the revised solution, both the heuristic information in original schedule and some randomness are introduced into variable selection and value selection strategies to conduct the search order and to widen the search area. Simulation experiments show that the proposed model and algorithm perform well: changes in rescheduling solution are minimal, the stability and the continuity of production system can be maintained.


The quality of the cement board depends on the compatibility between cement and particles from lignocellulosic biomass. The purpose of this study was to determine the compatibility between cement and particles from four tropical wood namely mangium ( Acacia mangium Willd), teak ( Tectona grandis Linn. F.), gelam ( Melaleuca leucadendron (L.), dadap ( Erythrina variegat a L.), and sago stem ( Metroxylon sago Rottb.), and to determine the physical and mechanical properties of the mangium cement board produced by adding magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ) as an accelerator. This research was conducted in two steps. The first step consisted of measuring the hydration temperature of a mixture of cement with particles from the four wood species and sago stems by adding magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ), with variations of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% based on the cement weight. Two types of mixtures from the first step were then used in the second step, namely the manufacture of cement board. The cement board was made using a weight ratio of mangium particles:cement:water of 1:2.7:1.35. The board is made with a target density of 1.2 g/cm 3 . Physical and mechanical testing refers to the ISO 8335-1987 standard. The results of the hydration temperature showed that all of the mixtures were classified into "low inhibition", except for mixture between cement and mangium particles without a catalyst which was included in the classification of "moderate inhibition". While the results of cement board tests indicate that the cement boards made from mangium wood particles with 5% MgCl 2 addition had better properties compared to mangium cement boards without catalysts.


Relay metathesis enabled an improved access from (S)-citronellal to the marine trisnorguaiane (-)-clavukerin A. This hydroazulene was applied as an advantageously functionalized building block for the asymmetric synthesis of the sesquiterpene lactone osmitopsin and the proposed structure of 4,5-epoxyosmitopsin using a chemo-, regio-, and diastereoselective diepoxide opening as the key step.


A pharmaceutical composition comprising nicotine and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for use in the reduction of dyskinesia caused by the treatment of Parkinson's disease with levodopa wherein the dose of nicotine is 1 mg to 10 mg per day.


Seneca's Medea is not a rewriting of Euripides' character. At least, Seneca's Medea shares more similarities with Ovidian Medeas (the extant ones, at any rate) than the Euripidean Medea. Rather than focusing on Seneca's departures from the tragic legacy of Euripides (however important they are for an informed reading of the play), I would like to focus on Seneca's Medea as a potentially Ovidian character. Specifically, I would like to posit that the Senecan Medea reads more like a dramatisation of Medea's experience within the ellipsed Corinthian episode of Ovid's Metamorphoses (7.394-97). Seneca's Medea (more so than Euripides' Medea) identifies with a specifically transformative project, and, one might initially suspect, supplies a neat explication of the transformation missing from Medea's narrative in the Metamorphoses. What we find, however, is that, in dramatising her process of metamorphosis, Seneca irreparably alters our relationship with the transformed Medea. In the Metamorphoses, 'Ovid does not explain the reason for Medea's transformation into a sorceress and semidivine, evil being…', but it is clear in the narration that a metamorphosis does occur: 'Ovid passes abruptly from a sympathetic portrayal of Medea as love-sick maiden to a tragi-comic account of her career as accomplished pharmaceutria (witch) and murderess.' But the metamorphosis of Medea's character is signalled just as much by her own retreat into silence. The 'love-sick maiden', who lays her thoughts out in the open, gives way to the 'semidivine, evil being', who speaks only pragmatically (in incantatory language or to the daughters of Pelias) or not at all (e.g., while flying, in Corinth, and in Athens). The loss of Medea's perspective is much of the reason why Ovid's 'transformed' Medea seems so unsympathetic. Seneca provides this missing perspective, and in doing so creates a uniquely sympathetic and inhuman result: Seneca's Medea leaves the stage as abruptly as Ovid's Medea leaves Iolcos and Athens (Met. 7.350 and 7.424, respectively), having committed the same crimes as Ovid's Medea, and as 'supernatural' as Ovid's Medea (if not more so), yet her newfound system of values is completely comprehensible. In creating a comprehensible account of her motives for transformation, Seneca's Medea, even as the semidivine 'pharmaceutria', seems more sympathetic even as she maintains similarities to Ovid's character.


magnificence demonstrated by the splendor of the expenses which still makes. And also this same thing is shown, as I said, in the building of such temples as those to which he has made such magnificent contributions.


Managing invasive Indo-Pacific lionfish (Pterois volitans and P. miles) in the Western Atlantic Ocean is beyond the capacity of natural resource organizations alone. In response, organizations have mobilized members of the public and citizen scientists to help. We used a structured survey to assess the activities and perceptions of 71 organizations that engage the public and citizen scientists in lionfish research and management throughout the invaded range of the Western Atlantic. Five case studies were also conducted that exemplified varied and multi-pronged approaches to engagement of the public and citizen scientists in lionfish control, monitoring, and knowledge-sharing. The public has been engaged to some extent in every approach, but organizations most frequently indicated engaging members of the public in raising awareness, promoting consumption, organized culling/removal, tournaments, and data collection. Sixty-five percent of organizations surveyed engaged the public in data collection, and data collection was ranked as the scientific research activity in which the public is most often involved. Most organizations indicated their data has contributed to scientific publications, management, and government agency research and/or policy. Collectively these findings demonstrate the conservation value of citizen scientists to assist organizational efforts to control, manage, and study a large-scale marine invasion.


Leafcutter ants are considered pests in agriculture for their impact in human crops, as they behave utilizing foliar fragments to raise their simbiont fungi (Agaricales: Lepiotaceae) inside their nest. Recent studies have noticed that other fungi may be associated to ants inside their nests, for instance, fungi with melanized wall, known by "dematiaceous". Historically, many black fungi have been noticed as fitopathogens of many plant cultures with economic importance, highlighting dematiaceous ecological behavior importance in this study. This investigation had the purpose of amplifying ecological knowledge of this fungi, isolating and identificating dematiaceous fungi found in Attini nests, having the intention of understanding plant pathogens dispersion by ants. In this work, 66 isolates were characterized in the following genus: Aspergillus, Penicillium, Paecilomyces, Oxyporus, Rhodotorula, Bipolaris, Curvularia, Fusarium, Giberella, Paraphaeosphaeria, and Cladosporium. The genus Bipolaris, Curvularia, Fusarium and Giberella are known for their opportunistic behaviour, with some published human infections in literature. Fusarium is a notorious fitopathogen, with wide number of descriptions and studies involving pathogenicity development, biochemistry and genetics. The isolates outline is of phyto – associated (phytopathogens, endophytic or epiphitic), fulfilling this work intention in alarming fungi capacity of dispersal by ants. The comprehension of phytopathogenical processes may be clarified based on the knowledge of oportunistics fungi that may utilize ants bodies for their own dispersal. The identification of isolates with capacity of infecting humans brings out public health issues.


Corwin J. Minerd, sixth year pharmacy student from Monroeville, Indiana; Andrew M. Roecker, PharmD '00, RPh, BCPS, Professor of Pharmacy Practice This knowledge-based activity is targeted for all pharmacists and is acceptable for 1.0 hour (0.1 CEU) of continuing education credit. This course requires completion of the program evaluation and at least a 70 percent grade on the program assessment questions. ACPE Universal Activity Number (UAN): 0048-0000-12-078-H04-P Objectives: At the conclusion of this article, the participant should be able to: 1) Identify the two most commonly abused OTC medications. 2) Describe how these medications are abused. 3) Explain laws and regulations pertaining to these medications. 4) Identify prevention opportunities at the community level.


mirroir du poumon"; this phrase was coined by Parrot in 1876, while speaking before the Société de Biologie in Paris on his researches on the relationship between the pathological changes in the lungs and those in the corresponding tracheo-bronchial nodes (16). He pointed out that these lesions were constant and henceforth one spoke of "la loi de adenopathies similaires" or just of "la loi de Parrot". Kiiss elaborated on this in 1898 with reference to pulmonary tuberculosis in childhood and gave the first classical description of the primary focus in the lung (le foyer pulmonaire primitif) (10), usually attributed to Anton Ghon, who wrote his book much later in 1912 (4). Tuberculosis, which was the scourge of the last century, is no longer the dreaded disease, instead, as a result of the widely acquired habit of smoking, lung cancer has become a major medical and socio-economical problem. Bronchial carcinoma, and many other conditions, often involve the lymph nodes and this is of great clinical importance, both from the diagnostic and the therapeutic point of view. Daniels (1949) showed that the lymph nodes enmeshed in the deep cervical fat overlying the scalenus anterior muscle often reflected pathological changes inside the thorax, and that a biopsy of these nodes could be of considerable diagnostic value (3). Scalene node biopsy was, therefore, widely adopted. Harken and his associates (1954), dissatisfied with the poor yield of positive findings with this investigation, began to explore the upper mediastinum through the scalene node biopsy incision with the aid of a laryngoscope, thereby raising considerably the yield of positive nodes (7).


Here, it disclosed is (A) a major amount of one or more Type II basestock, and (b) (i) alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic one or more alkaline earth carboxylic acids having a total base number of about 100 to about 250 (TBN) metalloid salt, and (ii) 1 or more high overbased alkylaromatic sulfonic acids or their salts, detergent composition comprising; A marine diesel cylinder lubricant composition comprising, Here, the aromatic moiety of the alkyl aromatic sulfonic acids or their salts do not contain hydroxyl groups; and, for the marine diesel cylinder lubricant composition having from about 5 to about 120 TBN, and the Composition.


In this paper we look at how some big ideas to do with nationalism and religion have been translated into the everyday spaces of a village in Central India over the last sixty years. This particular village was studied by Adrian Mayer in the 1950s and, more recently, by Tommaso Sbriccoli, which gives our ethnographic approach a strong and original diachronic dimension. We suggest that religion has replaced caste hierarchy as the principle mode in which social differentiation is discussed, and that anti-Muslim discourse permits high caste Hindus to de-politicise and thus conceal structured relations of inequality with low caste Hindus. We examine the ways in which competitive building projects, ritualised processions and sounds are used to contest meaning at the village level. Instead of seeing public spaces as conservative arenas intended to check exuberance and excess, we see them as places for experimentation and social change, and as the spaces in which Indian post-colonial history is being staged.


KNOWING the cell as well as their populational distribution in complex cellular networks is of uttermost importance when analyzing cell cultures, blood or disseminated tissue for understanding disease processes and the underlying biology. Revealing cellular functions by cytometric scrutinizing of surface antigen expression patterns is possible by surface antigen staining. This was demonstrated by the OMIP-015 by Mahnke and coworkers (this issue, page 179) who characterized human regulatory and activated T-lymphocytes in the absence of intracellular cytokine staining. Still, avoiding the direct functional analysis of intracellular pathways or secretion activities of individual cells has its limitations. As an example, different modes of programmed cell death (apoptosis, programmed necrosis or autophagy) (1) that are of relevance in tumor development and actions of antitumor drugs need the deeper investigation of intracellular signaling pathways. Traditional intracellular cytokine assays by flow cytometry can precisely determine which cell type (characterized by a specific surface antigen phenotype pattern) is able to produce which pattern of cytokines or chemokines. An excellent actual example is the OMIP-016 by Guenounou and coworkers (this issue, page 182). This group presents a 10-color flow cytometry assay for the characterization of primate T-cells antigen response. Even so, cytokines, chemokines, and other agents make their biological action as communicators with other cells, similar to neurons, by being excreted. Unfortunately, measuring intracellular production of secreted peptides and proteins requires the manipulation of intracellular pathways by blocking Golgi and endoplasmatic reticulum secretion with agents such as Brefeldin-A combined with the opening of the cell membrane with detergents to allow detecting antibodies into the cells. In the past, revolutionary single cell methods for flow cytometry have been introduced to fill this gap and to detect in less perturbed individual cells which substances they release as a response to a specific stimulus. As commented by Trautmann (this issue, page 177), initially flow cytometry was developed to measure cell-bound constituents, may they be on or within the cell. Revolutionary work with regard to ligand secretion by single cells was done by embedding single cells into a matrix and staining and subsequently measuring secreted peptides therein (2). Alternatively, bivalent antibodies were used that on the one hand tagged the specific cell of interest and on the other hand captured secreted peptides. Those in turn were labeled by fluorochrome tagged sandwich antibodies (3). Although both approaches are very elegant, they require substantial technical expertise to be performed at reasonable quality and thus are not simple to handle for many standard laboratories. Now, Fitzgerald and Grivel (this issue, page 205) made a major step forward by developing a novel nanoparticle-based single cell secretion capture assay that is universally applicable and fairly simple to use. This method can be used for detection of secretion in live cells and thereby allows cell sorting methods for further enrichment and culturing. The authors used magnetic nanoparticles that were labeled with antibodies against mouse antibodies and purified them using a magnet. Then the peptides were, on the one hand, tagged with a targeting antibody that would dock onto the cells of interest and on the other hand with a capturing antibody for the secreted substance. When this substance is secreted, it binds to the


The researchers in education are interested to observing and modelling the learner, and adapting their learning experience accordingly. When learners read and interact actively with their reading materials, they do unselfconscious activities like annotation practices which can be key feature to their personalities. Annotation practices require the reader to be active with the document, to think critically and to make specific annotations in the margins of the text. In this paper we propose modeling learner's personality by referring to their annotations. The experiments show the significant role of annotation activity to reflect certain learner' personality traits.


This paper explores how a story completion method can be used in career counselling to help clients identify and clarify their values and problem solving strategies. A series of situations are presented for use with youth and adults. In using the approach there is an emphasis on flexibility and collaboration within a structured interviewing format.


During the last ten years, various systems of free-flow train running have been experimented with, and some have been tested in operation. The free-flow concept consists of regulating the speed of trains in advance so that they do not have to stop at a signal due to change in a very short time. The writers show the advantage of the system especially in certain cases.


By the last quarter of the seventh century the Byzantine areas of Italy had experienced over a century of upheaval. By 680, however, the outlook appeared more hopeful. In that year, or shortly before, the empire had concluded a treaty with the Lombards which seems to have incorporated formal recognition of their kingdom. In the north Venetia and Istria retained their imperial allegiance, in the south Sicily and the duchies of Calabria, Otranto and Naples continued to come under the authority of the strategos of the Sicilian theme, and in central Italy the Exarchate, Pentapolis and duchies of Perugia and Rome were the subject of a tug of war between the Lombards, the papacy and entrenched local elites. The conquest of much of the Lombard territories in Apulia, Calabria and Lucania, including Bari and Taranto ushered in a new era of nearly two centuries of Byzantine domination in southern Italy.


An assessment was made of the ecological status of water bodies in the South of the Tyumen Region, which play a significant role in the region's water use and are sources of drinking and industrial water supply. The hydrochemical characteristics of natural waters and the water use conditions that determine the indicators of water quality in water bodies and streams are considered. Critical levels of pollution have been established for zinc, copper, manganese, iron, cadmium, chromium, nickel and aluminum in all water bodies of the Tyumen region. The reasons for optimizing the purification processes at the existing water supply and wastewater treatment facilities in the region are given. The structure and chemical composition of clay materials of the Tyumen region was studied. The efficiency of extraction of nickel ions of kaolin, montmorillonite and mixed kaolin and montmorillonite clays has been investigated. The quantitative characteristics of the process of nickel ion adsorption on all the presented natural clays are obtained. It is established that the mixed natural clay has higher values of exchange capacity in relation to nickel ions. It is noted that the description of the adsorption equilibrium corresponds to the Langmuir model. The possibility of using kaolinite, montmorillonite and mixed clays as a reagent for purifying natural and waste waters at the existing treatment facilities of the Tyumen region is presented.


Thank you for reading grammar in interaction adverbial clauses in american english conversations. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look hundreds times for their favorite books like this grammar in interaction adverbial clauses in american english conversations, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some malicious bugs inside their laptop.


ABSTRACT The recent severity and frequency of cybercrime has been dominated by a single theme – the COVID-19 pandemic. This research develops a multi-level influence model to explore how cybercriminals are exploiting the COVID-19 pandemic by assessing situational factors, identifying victims, impersonating trusted sources, selecting attack methods, and employing social engineering techniques. The model extends upon prior work on influence techniques and emotional appeals that cybercriminals employ, by bringing into sharper focus the role of situational factors in COVID-19 related cybercrime attacks. Content and thematic analysis was conducted on 185 distinct COVID-19 cybercrime scam incident documents, including text, images, and photos, provided by a global online fraud and cybersecurity company tracking COVID-19 related cybercrime. The analysis reveals interesting patterns about the sheer breadth and diversity of COVID-19 related cybercrime and how these crimes are continually evolving in response to changing situational factors. It is hoped that these insights and recommendations for end-users and organisations can contribute to a safer digital world as we cope with many other pressing challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic.


ABSTRACT This article examines the trajectories of capital tax policies in Japan and South Korea over recent decades. Historically, the two countries present an ideal case for studying fiscal developmentalism in East Asia. Total taxation was low, although capital owners assumed higher tax burdens than workers and consumers. From the 1990s to 2010s, both countries underwent a series of market-oriented tax reforms. A large body of political economy literature contends that the tax structures of these countries became increasingly neo-liberal during this period. Cuts in capital taxes were the primary focus of such changes. This article seeks to review this interpretation of the capital tax policies of Japan and South Korea. Through an examination of statutory and effective tax rate data, it confirms that no "race-to-the-bottom" cutbacks happened to capital taxation in these countries. Despite sharing this common ground, however, Japan's approach constitutes a more regressive case of capital tax adjustment than South Korea's. The author elucidates the reasons behind this difference by employing a revised partisan theory of capital taxation. The empirical analysis demonstrates the validity of this claim by examining eight cases of partisan governments in Japan and South Korea from the 1990s to the 2010s.


Abstract The poloidal field (PF) power supply is an important subsystem of the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST). The monitor system of the PF power supply is based on the Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS), using Control System Studio (CSS) as the human-machine interface. Archive, which is for data archiving, is a plugin of CSS. This paper creates an archiving system, including archive engine, client, and relational database (RDB). The process variables that need to be archived are configured so that they can be stored to RDB when changed. Real-time archiving for all input signals is realized, and history data can be browsed at any time through CSS. The archiving system provides a data basis for analyzing the EAST PF power supply, applied to the EAST experiment for more than 5 years, showing stable performance.


Diacylglycerol kinases (DGKs) are integral components of signal transduction cascades that regulate cell biology through phosphorylation of the ubiquitous secondary messenger diacylglycerol. Methods for direct evaluation of DGK activity in native biological systems are lacking and needed to develop chemical probes for studying isoform‐specific functions. Here, I will discuss efforts from my group to utilize ATP acyl phosphate activity‐based probes and quantitative mass spectrometry to map previously undefined ATP‐ and small molecule‐binding sites of representative members from all subtypes of the DGK family. We use our chemoproteomics strategy to discover an unusual binding mode for the DGK‐alpha (DGKA) inhibitor ritanserin, including interactions at a novel binding site remote from the ATP binding pocket. I will also describe our efforts towards discovery of fragment leads for future development of highly potent and selective DGKA inhibitors. Collectively, our studies illustrate the power of chemoproteomics to site‐specifically profile protein‐small molecule interactions and reveal key ligand binding sites for selective inactivation of the DGK family of lipid kinases.


AbstractUsing a recently developed energetics diagnostic methodology, namely, the localized multiscale energy and vorticity analysis (MS-EVA), this study investigates the intricate nonlinear mutual interactions among the decadally modulating mean flow, the interannual fluctuations, and the transient eddies in the Kuroshio Extension region. It is found that the mean kinetic energy maximizes immediately east of the Izu–Ogasawara Ridge, while the transient eddy kinetic energy does not peak until 400 km away downstream. The interannual variabilities, which are dominated by a jet-trapped Rossby wave mode, provide an energy reservoir comparable to the other counterparts. In the upstream, strong localized barotropic and baroclinic transfers from the mean flow to the eddies are observed, whereas those from the interannual variabilities are not significant. Besides fueling the eddies, the unstable mean jet also releases energy to the interannual-scale processes. Between 144° and 154°E, both transfers from the mean...


In modern telecommunications systems, the requirements for the amount and speed of transmitted data are increasing rapidly. For better spectral efficiency, complex-type modulations [quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)] are used, resulting in high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) signals. As a consequence, when conventional linear amplifiers (classes A and AB) are used in transmitters, both prominent linearity and poor efficiency are assured. The efficiency of the transmitters can be significantly improved using some of the popular techniques: Kahn envelope elimination and restoration (EER) principle, envelope tracking (ET) technique, Doherty amplifier, and Chireix's amplifier. In this article, two different approaches in supplying a 2.4-GHz class-E power amplifier (PA) ( ${S}$ -band) based on the EER technique are analyzed and compared. The consistent part of the EER transmitters is a switched-capacitor-based voltage divider combined with a switching structure—analog multiplexer, in the envelope amplifiers (EAs) and a class-E PA. The analog multiplexer is assisted with a series linear regulator in the first system and a fourth-order ${LC}$ filter in the second system, providing supply modulation for the PA. The systems are compared in terms of efficiency and system linearity using the standard metrics [error vector magnitude (EVM) and adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR)]. Special consideration is devoted to the characterization of how the EAs affect the quality of the RF output signal. It is shown that the tested EER transmitters can reproduce 16-QAM and 64-QAM signals up to 2.5 MHz, manifesting an average efficiency of about 32% with the first transmitter, and 16-QAM signals up to 660 kHz RF bandwidth and average efficiency of 44% with the second transmitter. A software tool that accurately estimates the EA linearity is utilized and successfully tested on both EER transmitters.


This section of this publication is concerned with methodology for the evaluation of atherosclerosis and its progression in order that the effect of potential prophylactic and therapeutic agents for this disease may be assayed. There are several known features about atherosclerosis that must be carefully considered if the investigator concerned with prevention or therapy of atherosclerosis is to understand clearly what he may expect from any pharmacologic or other procedure designed to influence this disease. Since the earliest descriptions of atherosclerotic lesions, it has been realized that this is a patchy, focal disease. One region of a particular artery may show much more extensive atherosclerotic involvement than an adjacent region of that same artery or more than some other entire artery. Local arterial-wall injury and hydrodynamic factors have been considered by some workers to be responsible for the focal character of atherosclerotic lesions.'. At the present time, prophylactic and therapeutic procedures directed toward the local factors that accentuate atherosclerosis do not appear promising, although efforts in this direction should be welcomed and encouraged. What is of prime importance, however, is that the focal character of atherosclerosis should not be allowed to obscure and confuse the much larger problem of atherosclerosis itself. Thus while it is true that a single focal area involved with atherosclerosis can produce clinical consequences such as coronary heart disease, this is the unusual situation rather than the rule, Necropsy studies of coronary arteries of individuals with clinical coronary heart disease in life have revealed that, on the average, the coronary arteries of such persons show more extensive, widespread atherosclerosis than do the coronary arteries of individuals otherwise comparable, but who are without clinically manifest coronary heart disease.s* (2) The general metabolic feulures of atherosclerosis. Excessive attention directed toward the focal features of atherosclerosis can obscure a very important feature of atherosclerosis, namely, that this disease is associated strongly with a general metabolic factor, measurable in the form of the steady state level of certain lipoproteins of the circulating 8 , 'I Very few investigators of this problem retain any doubt concerning the relationship between circulating-blood lipids and the development of atherosclerosis, even though they may differ in opinions as to the best procedure for measuring the important blood lipids. The nature of the relationship between circulating-blood lipoproteins and atherosclerosis appears to be such that the rale of development of new atherosclerosis is proportional to the "effective" concentration of certain serum lipoproteins.6 Here, of course, one is concerned with the average rate of development of new disease, wholly aside from focal factors in a particular region of an artery that may be operative. Indeed, any study directed toward


Aphra Behn (c.1640-1689), the first professional woman playwright in England, has emerged in recent decades from two hundred years of neglect and obscurity to join the canon of Restoration playwrights. A number of her plays have been revived; and The Rover (1677), at least, is frequently taught. Behn's entry into contemporary culture has been taken a further step with two 1991 plays devoted to her life: Aphra, by Nancy Cullen, Alexandria Patience, and Rose Scollard; and A Woman's Comedy, by Beth Herst. These transformations of Behn into a dramatic character offer an opportunity to examine two different approaches to the representation of a seventeenth-century woman within a late twentieth-century context. Indeed, the two plays represent different types of feminist drama. Aphra is a product of a feminist collective, Maenad productions of Calgary, Alberta, whose "mandate" is "vto promote the feminine vision'" (Cullen, et al. "Maenadic Rites" 28). A Woman's Comedy, on the other hand, is, up to a point, an example of what Jill Dolan calls "liberal feminism," which resembles liberal humanism in being ""radically individualistic'" and asserting universal human values, and which seeks equal treatment for women and men (Dolan 3). The presentations of the central character that emerge in these plays are, despite a number of similarities, essentially opposed to one another and raise the important question of whether there is a "right"way to portray Aphra Behn.


Abstract : This report presents the results of a limited evaluation of the HAVE DERIVATIVES data reduction process in reducing aircraft stability derivative estimate errors caused by turbulence. The evaluation consisted of 11 sorties totaling 15.2 flight hours. The sorties were flown at the Air Force Flight Test Center, Edwards AFB, California, in a production-representative Block 15 F-16B aircraft. The three specific objectives for this project were to establish a basis data set of results against which to compare the results of the subsequent tests; compare stability derivative estimate results found using the HAVE DERIVATIVES process with Personal Computer Parameter Identification (PCPID), on calm air data, to the basis data set results established in objective 1; and compare stability derivative estimate results found using PCPID alone and the HAVE DERIVATIVES process with PCPID, on turbulent air data, to the basis data set results established in objective 1, and to each other.


Biological feature recognition is a kind of effective technique for personal identification.The paper discusses three automatic identification methods of typical biological feature:fingerprint,iris,face,and it also analyzes the characteristics of the three methods.


This is a report of "Design a Shooter Game for iOS Mobile Devices" project, it covers the aim, design and development process and the conclusion of it.
There are two primary aims of this project, first is to analyse the design of different mobile shooter games currently available on the market, second is to deliver a new one based upon that analysis. The game will be designed and developed using Adobe Flash, it will also be compatible with iOS mobile devices. Since mobile gamers are the target audiences, face to face questionnaire will be used during testing and evaluation, to gather feedbacks from them thus to improve the design.
The aims of this project were fulfilled as the analysis of different mobile shooter games design was conducted and a new one was designed and developed using Adobe Flash, tested on different iPhone models and it was compatible with iOS mobile devices.


: We present in this paper a new parallel Runge – Kutta method of the second order second stage for solving initial value problems (IVPs) in Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) .This new method depending on using the predictor - corrector method in the Geometric mean (GM) Runge – Kutta formula


Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
The Faculty of Social and Political Science
The Department of Communication Science
Muhammad Satrio WIbisono (20120530145)
The Effect of The Intensity of Accessing Online Game Grand Theft Auto V Towards
Aggressive Attitude on Gaming Group at Facebook.
Year 2018 + 62 pages + 42 Appendices
Bibliograpy : 14 books + 15 Journals + 12 websites
This study is aimed at figuring out the effect of the intensity of accessing online game grand theft auto
v towards aggressive behavior on gaming group at facebook. The source used in this study was a
questionnaire given to respondents who have criteria of becoming member on facebook and being
member of grand theft auto V Indonesia. The sampling used in this study was convenience sampling
with 90 respondents. The data analysis in ths study was using validity testing. Reliability testing and
regression testing. To ease the calculation result, therefore SPSS version 24 used as the calculating
tool. The result in this research indicate of aggressive behavior has significant effect for 0.122 or
12.2% on facebook Indonesia grand theft auto 5 Grup for do aggressive behavior.


The most common cause of death worldwide is pneumonia. It affects 7% of the planet's population &, on average, results in the deaths of 700, 000 children annually. Using X-rays as the primary diagnostic tool, this disease is identified. Using principles of Transfer Learning & Image Augmentation, we have developed a wholly original image processing-based Deep Learning technique to identify respiratory problems. With a memory score of 97.44% and also a precision score of 96.00%, we were generally prepared to succeed. In this program, the patient must attach a chest X-ray that's been acquired by the laboratory. The computer will then examine the report for errors and, if any are found, will alert the patient that something is wrong with their health. Additionally, the system will display the message "Healthy" if indeed the report has no issues. By adopting this technique, the patient can avoid spending more money to see a doctor if they are not experiencing any pneumonia-related issues. Additionally, patients may save money in this way.


Emotion andAdaptation, by Richard S. Lazarus, is an intellectual monument. It is an academic shrine to the mind of the psychologist, where visitors may dwell for a while in awe of the magnificence of its scope and ennobled by its scholarly integrity. For pilgrims such as myself, who saunter about in search of deep and comprehensive reflections on psychological topics of importance, Emotion andAdaptation is an epitome of the true discipline. The book contains everything you ever wanted to know about cognitive appraisal theory without being conscious of it, and much more. From Heideggerian "nonreflective understandings" to Gibsonian "affordances", from Schacterian "arousal processes" to Ekmanesque "affect programs"-almost every major concept and distinction in the study of cognition, emotion, motivation, coping, and development worthy of note is noted, and critiqued. Better yet, Lazarus comes out on the right side of things most of the time, or at least I think he does. I came away from the experience of reading this book (or should I say encyclopedia) greatly admiring the author, feeling rededicated to the life of the mind, and eager to quibble. In this essay, I summarize Lazarus's main message about the nature of the emotions by examining a single proposition, which he refers to as his "psychobiological principle." Lazarus formulates his psychobiological principle as follows:


The delivery services are rapidly gaining in popularity, which was further accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Food delivery, especially, is a difficult problem, where it is necessary to minimize the delivery time to ensure customer satisfaction. Therefore, efficient route planning and order dispatching are essential. This problem of navigating a fleet of vehicles to serve a set of customers is referred to as the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), that has been tackled in the literature for several decades. However, real-life instances of VRP generally cannot be optimally solved in a reasonable time and thus, heuristic approaches need to be employed. In this thesis, we adopted a hybrid adaptive large neighborhood search algorithm originally proposed for people transportation and adapted it to the case of food delivery by introducing specific constraints and objectives. The experimental results show that our algorithm produces better solutions compared to several baselines. In addition, the experiments demonstrate the increased intensification and diversification power of our newly added components.


P. T. Hammond and co-workers present a technique that uses tangential flow filtration for rapid, high-yield preparation of biomedically relevant layer-by-layer nanoparticles. Diverse nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 40 to 150 nm were prepared from polystyrene, mesoporous silica, and drug-loaded liposomal cores. Using this technique, nanoparticles could be coated with a broad range of polyelectrolytes including polysaccharides, polypeptides, and synthetic polymers. The prepared nanoparticles are suitable for long-term storage under refrigerated conditions, as well as for lyophilized, room-temperature storage.


Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second malignancy worldwide. Dysregulation of various signaling pathways has been detected in HCC. Recent investigations have suggested a new approach for the prevention and treatment of HCC with herbal drugs. The anticancer effects of herbal drugs can be evaluated in animal models or HCC cell lines. Various molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways such as TGF-β, Wnt/β-catenin, SHH, Notch, Hippo, PI3K, and VEGF have been found to induce and promote carcinogenesis of HCC. Herbal drugs can target the signaling pathways in HCC and trigger apoptosis, suppress proliferation, and tumor growth. Molecularly targeted therapies using herbal drugs can be novel therapeutic strategies against HCC. This study provides the latest findings on using herbal medicine-derived compounds in the control of HCC.


Bounding Power: Republican Security Theory from the Polis to the Global Village. By Daniel H. Deudney. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2007. 391p. $35.00. Among books on international relations theory, this is one of the most important works to be published in recent years. Daniel Deudney synthesizes traditional IR theory with the logic of republican politics, producing a book that is as creative and original as it is erudite and sophisticated.


Objective To investigate the clinical value of preserving the ascending uterine artery in intrafaseial hysterectomy.Methods 64 premenopausal women with benign uterine diseases indicated for hysterectomy were studied.32 cases underwent intrafaseial hysterectomy with ascending uterine atery(study group);32 classical hysterectomy as contro1.The variables of operation and postoperation were studied and compared,especially the ovarian function and sexual activity.Results The operation time and bleeding volume were not significant different between the two groups(P0.05),The occurrence of pain in lumber and abdomen,symptoms of urinary system and other associated complicates were less in tested group than control(P0.05),The level of estrogen almost did not change postoperatively in the study group and there was hardly any patient showed perimenopausal signs(P0.05).Conclusion The intertheca hysterectomy has little influence on ovary function,which may improve the living quality of the patients.


12 BYTES: How We Got Here, Where We Might Go Next by Jeanette Winterson. New York: Grove Press, 2021. 336 pages. Hardcover; $27.00. ISBN: 9780802159250. *Throughout a set of twelve essays, Jeanette Winterson explores computing through history, culture, and philosophy. She focuses on the values and stories built into technology. She begins with a section titled "The Past" which refers to Ada Lovelace and Mary Shelley, explaining the origins of computing. The section that follows is about "superpowers" and computing. This second section is the most philosophical of the four parts of the book, navigating relationships between current and past philosophies, and explaining how technology influences the way people will think about the world. The third section is called "Sex and Other Stories," which discusses sex and gender and sexism. The concluding section of the book titled "The Future" comprises three concluding essays. *Though I certainly did not agree with all of Winterson's claims, the book felt like one side of a respectful dialogue rather than imposing a singular view of the world. She does not directly state her current religious beliefs, but shares that she grew up as a Christian. Although her current view of the Bible is not clearly stated, she brings it into the discussion frequently and uses a respectful tone to discuss religion. For leaders in faith and technology, 12 Bytes provides thoughtful insights on many different aspects of the assumptions, history, and future of technology and how it shapes society. *Chapter 4: "Gnostic Know-How" is a discussion of religions, AI, and the religion of AI. Winterson compares the faith that many people place in technology to the Christian hope of the resurrection. She is far more critical of the Church of Big Tech than she is of any traditional religion. She very clearly states that faith placed in AI is misplaced, saying, "We could create a god (AI) in our own image--warlike, needy, controlling. It isn't a good idea" (p. 113). *In addition to religion, women are a recurring theme of the book. She starts by introducing the author Mary Shelley and the computing pioneer Ada Lovelace, who are mentioned in later essays as well. In other essays she focuses on women as a group, with trademark sass: "Why wouldn't we want an able, considerate, smart helper who is always available, and mostly free? That used to be called a wife. But then feminism spoiled the party" (p. 78). Multiple essays focus primarily on women, as in "Hot for a Bot," which discusses sex bots as encouraging the objectification of women by building actual objects as replacements. She also discusses women and discrimination in STEM fields in the essay "The Future Isn't Female." *Another significant theme is the economy. Starting with the history of workers' rights and the industrial revolution, she discusses the future of our economy, considering the rapidly changing role of technology. She expresses many concerns about Big Tech and the economy. At one point she writes, "Did you imagine you owned your face? Owning is so last century. This is a sharing economy. We share. Big Tech collects" (p. 61). She suggests that describing the new economy as the "sharing economy" is ironic since sharing is not a financial transaction, but we are moving in the direction of increased transactions. Using history and descriptions of present-day business practices, all the way through to Big Tech's COVID-19 profits, she argues that companies should be forced to be more responsible. In envisioning a new economy, she has as many questions as answers, but she lays out principles that may guide reformation. *I have read many books about AI, but I have not found another book that engages with modern AI and technology alongside philosophy in the way that 12 Bytes does. It respectfully and thoughtfully considers the relationships between religion, philosophy, and technology; I would recommend it for those interested in exploring these connections. The primary question posed by the book is not one about the direction of technology, but rather it asks, Where does humanity go from here? *Reviewed by Elizabeth Koning, graduate student in the Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801.


The research article entitled, "Exposing Religion in Togetherness: Forms of Embodiment of Local Spirituality of Sedulur Sak Lawase in Kalasan", was compiled with the intention of providing a comprehensive picture as well as analyzing it analytically with regard to the relationships of religious communities that are in an area that is unified in one cultural frame. Java as a local culture has a significant influence in the process of forming the current Indonesian national culture. By using a grounded research model and including methods, observation, interviews, FGDs and documentation, the results of this study indicate that the principle of Seduluran saklawase that lives in the (local) village community of Kalasan occurred through a socio-historical journey from generation to generation for centuries. Especially since the construction of Hindu and Buddhist temples in the Ancient Mataram period to the presence of Islam and Christianity. This then becomes the solid foundation of the values of togetherness and brotherhood (seduluran saklawase) which is practiced by the people of Kalasan village to this day so as to form deeply rooted spiritual values. The form of the principle of seduluran sak lawase is to instill a sense of brotherhood (kinship) that is spiritual in nature to anyone without discriminating against ethnicity, race, regional origin, even religion. The capital of togetherness then continues to experience re-contextualization according to the needs of the times, such as for the construction of public facilities (roads, sewers, patrol posts, and so on) and pays homage to the three sacred moments in the life of the Javanese, namely birth, marriage and death which are actually also a cycle, the basis of human life worldwide.


Improve technology to farmers and cooperation of association on cultivation of niche crops ,that incuye yellow dragon fruits, blackberries, snow beas, suger snap, zucchini and other U.S. export products, to enhance the cultivation and production and to ass


Inquiry learning was developed into the principle along with the teaching reformation.Comprehending the necessity and characteristic of inquiry learning under the guidance of constructuralism theory,the interest of intellectually acquiring knowledge was founded for the students by creative experiment.The chemical creative experiment was improved and optimized according to teaching objective.Constructuralism theory is really focus on display of subjectivity by fostering student ability that is accord with the understanding of some chemical knowledge about essential property and intrinsic rule of substance,which is inquiry process by dicovering,operation,summarizing and perfecting.


A prolific novelist, poet, and correspondent, Thomas Hardy bridges the late Victorian period and the early modern age. He is best known for his novels of tragic intenisty, such as "Tess of the D'Urbervilles", "Jude the Obscure", "The Mayor of Casterbridge", "Far From the Madding Crowd", and "The Return of the Native". This resource includes 700 entries including synopses of Hardy's major and most of his minor works, character descriptions, details about his friends, relatives and associates, and real and fictional places important to Hardy's life and writings.