Yield potential and yield components of super high\|yielding rice cultivars, which were bred recently in China, were investigated. The results indicated that the average yield of 16 cultivars grew in Longhai of Fujian were 9092 kg·hm -2 for early cropping and 9524 kg·hm -2 for late cropping season, which were 5 7% and 6 3% higher than those of Shanyou 63 respectively. The average yield of 16 cultivars grew at Taoyuan of Yunan was 15779 kg·hm -2 , and 3 0% higher than that of Shanyou 63.The yield components feature were large panicles based on the enough panicle number in adapting to local ecological condition,greater total spikelets number per square metre and larger sink size mainly due to great numbers of primary and secondary branches in the panicles.


Government plans to slash £130 million from the health service management bill have received a mixed welcome from nursing unions.


This qualitative study involving 30 teachers, followed by a survey of 895 teachers, investigated Hong Kong teachers' perception of a whole-school approach to guidance and its practice. Findings revealed that teachers perceived a whole-school approach as fostering student development and as a system of management. Teacher dedication, communication, and team spirit were considered as facilitating factors for its implementation. Findings also revealed an overall mismatch between teachers' beliefs about a whole-school approach and their perceived school reality, and that a wholeschool approach was not seen as practised in the majority of schools. There was a close relationship between schools' guidance focus and their implementation of a whole-school approach. Schools implementing a whole-school approach were considered to have both a preventive and developmental guidance focus and practice. Implications for the implementation of guidance are discussed.


The storage of NH3 over Fe-ZSM5 catalysts was investigated through a multisite approach where the reaction rate expressions are based on the mean-field approximation. A kinetic model, including five different surface sites was formulated from literature data and validated over a broad range of NH3 adsorption and desorption experiments, showing the interest of the selected approach. For simulation purposes, the values of the NH3 storage capacity used in our test cases were evaluated based on structural properties of zeolites with respect to Si/Al and Fe/Al ratios. Comparison between the predicted and the experimental values shows the limits of our evaluation.


Metastatic melanoma to the pancreas has been observed infrequently, and the presence of a thrombus in the splenic vein and superior mesenteric vein has rarely been seen for metastatic melanoma. We present the CT and MRI findings of a case of metastatic melanoma to the pancreas, which presented with diffuse multiple pancreatic metastatic nodules and a venous thrombus.


Acne vulgaris remains one of the most common diseases afflicting humanity and it is the skin disease most commonly treated by physicians.[1] It is a disease of the pilosebaceous units, clinically characterized by seborrhea, comedones, papules, pustules, nodules and, in some cases, scarring.[2] Although easy to diagnose, the polymorphic nature of acne vulgaris and its varied extent of involvement do not permit simple evaluation of its severity. Because the acne lesions may vary in number during the natural course of the disease, various measurements have been developed, based on clinical examination and photographic documentation, to assess the clinical severity of acne vulgaris.[3] Moreover, if the acne treatment regimens produced an all-or-none response, then acne measurements would be unnecessary.[3]


Control of liquid level in a process plays a crucial role in process industries. PID control schemes are mos t widely used in process control systems represented by chemical processes because of its robustness, simplicity and its excel lence in linearity performance criterion. The main objective of model-based controller is to compensate the shift in process an d maintain the liquid level on its required target value. Our goa l in this paper deals with the study of using a three term control n amely the PID controller to find the best tuning method amongst t he five tunings methods implemented here such as Ziegler Nicholas (Z-N), modified Z-N, IMC (internal model control, TL (tyreus luyben), CHR (chien hrones reswick) for an single input single output (SISO) liquid level control system. Various time per formance criteria's namely IAE, ISE, ITAE has been used for comparison for high stability and reliability. Compared to the conventional PID tuning methods, the emerged results shows that good performance can be achieved with the proposed IMC method based on its high stability, minimum values of rise , settling time criterions .


This thesis is to design an integrated management system which PSMS, QMS, and EMS are incorporated, and to develop quantitative and systematic procedures which establish KPI's on the integrated management system for improving the productivity. Proposed procedures contain stages in designing, evaluat...


We propose a learning tool to support designing the database schema, which targets to higher education such as universities and school education from elementary to high school. The characteristics of the tool is the easy-to-grasp interface for teachers to manage students' learning activity of schema design easily. The tool is also designed to enable to collaborate seamlessly with sAccess, a learning tool for database manipulation practices. In this paper we explain the concept of design and implementation of the proposing tool, with a sample of teaching plan in the classroom using it.


Title compounds of type (II I) can be synthesized directly by reaction of the coumarins (I) with the salicylaldehydes (II) under re?ux.


The article by Candidate of Historical Sciences Svetlana Lazareva reveals the complex process of simultaneous formation of the Soviets and liquidation of the local self-government in the Far East after October, 1917. There considered the basic principles that were the base in the activity of the Soviet leaders. There analyzed the first documents of the Far Eastern regional Soviet committees on forming the regional authority structures.


Abstract : From a tracking station of known geocentric location, the measurements of the azimuth and elevation of a satellite at three instants of time provided tracking data sufficient for a preliminary determination of the orbit of the satellite about the earth. From such data, the components (in a geocentered inertial coordinate system) of the position vectors of the satellite may be calculated and in terms of these components, all of the orbital elements may be expressed. In view of the given positional data of the tracking station and the directional data of the satellite's position, only the slant ranges are needed to complete the determination of the vectors. To solve for the slant ranges, an iterative procedure was introduced whereby successive systems of linear equations are solved. Subsequently, all of the orbital elements were easily computed.


In order to ensure the reliable ride through of modular multilevel converter power grid (MMC-HYDC-Grid) under DC short-circuit fault (DCSCF), the current limiting reactor (CLR), arm reactor (AR), and sub-module capacitance (C) in the main circuit need to be optimally configurated according to specific optimal objectives. In this paper, two different optimal design objectives are proposed and compared, which are the minimization peak values of DC fault current and maximum transient energy flow (TEF) suppression rate and suppression efficiency during 10ms after pole to ground fault (PTGF), while the CLR, AR, and C parameters are taken as optimization variables to find the more cost-effective optimal configuration. To test proposed method, the model for four-terminal MMC-HYDC-Grid is built through PSCAD/EMTDC simulation platform. Genetic algorithm (GA) is used to solve the optimization problem. The comparative analyses of the simulation results show that the optimal model with TEF suppression rate and suppression efficiency as optimization objectives take into account the economic performance index of restraining DC fault current, thus reducing the cost of current limiting.


A study to assess the existing knowledge and selected practices regarding Infection Control Measures among NICU staffs in selected hospitals of Sangli Miraj Kupwad Corporation area" was conducted to assess the existing knowledge and selected practices regarding Infection Control Measures among NICU Staffs of selected Hospitals. The study adopted 'Ida Jean Orlando nursing process' as the theoretical base for framework of the study. A self structured questionnaire and observation checklist was used. A non experimental exploratory study enrolling 60 NICU staffs was conducted during August and September 2013.Non probability purposive sampling technique was adopted. Analysis was done using frequency and percentage distribution and fisher's exact test. Findings -It was found that majority of the staffs 56.7% were having good knowledge score, 38.3% were having excellent knowledge score. In assessment of hand hygiene technique it showed that that 51.7% had good hand hygiene practice, 45% were having average practices. It was found that 100% of samples used sterilized articles, only 55% washed their hands after entering the unit, 30% washed hands before handling the baby, 55 % washed hands after handling the baby. It was found that there is significant association between designation and selected practice score as the Fishers exact value is 0.006 which is less than 0.05.Conclusion-The study found that inspite of good knowledge scores, the practices were lacking.


The reduction of commissions paid by airlines and the competition provided by the internet are presenting a challenging and uncertain operating environment to travel agencies. This paper looks at the shortcomings of the current passenger agency sales agreement. It questions whether travel agencies need a new IATA agreement, and proposes that travel agencies need to look hard at the root causes of the current problems facing the industry. It proposes that travel agents need to redefine their relationship with their suppliers and be proactive rather than reactive to industry changes.


Abstract : A practical approach to implementing Karmarkar's algorithm is discussed. A variant of the algorithm is proposed which still has polynomial complexity and which eliminates the need for Karmarkar's canonical form. This method allows upper and lower bounds to be used and does not require knowledge of the objective value. Some heuristics are given which alleviate certain computational difficulties that arise when a practical implementation of the algorithm is attempted. A FORTRAN program is described that allows one to study its convergence properties. Keywords: Linear Programming; Simplex Method; Least Squares Method; Iterations.


Abstract The modified PbNb2O6 for use at high temperature, called PNC-3 ceramics, have been researched by substitution and additive, the properties are described.


Using remote sensing methods to identify valuable underwater habitats

Seagrasses are submerged plants found all over the world from brackish bays to salty continental shelves. Seagrasses create high-productive habitats and are a vital part of the marine ecosystems, providing shelter, nurseries, food, and habitats for other species. Seagrasses can be seen as indicators of environmental changes and ecosystem heath as they are sensitive to water quality.

Accurate and detailed spatial information of seagrasses would be important in assessments of threatened habitats, establishing MPAs and evaluating ecosystem state. However, spatially comprehensive species information is usually lacking and the knowledge of seagrass habitats around the world relies on scarce field observations and models based on inventory records. Because field work is expensive and time consuming, alternative ways of acquiring information of seagrass habitats are needed. Therefore, aerial and satellite images are useful as they are provided in different resolution, times, and prices depending on the purpose of use.

We tested how aerial and high-resolution satellite images could be utilized in finding seagrass habitats in two different environments; in the brackish Finnish coast and in the clear tropical waters of Zanzibar, Tanzania. We did supervised classification to identify seagrasses of pre-processed aerial and satellite images. For the satellite image of the coast of Zanzibar, we also calculated water column correction. Both ways of the method worked, as the seagrass areas were found, although in the Finnish coast poor water visibility hinders light penetration below 4 meter. In developing countries, where marine inventories are usually non-existent, our methodology of utilizing low-cost images for identifying valuable habitats is the only reasonable way of acquiring marine biodiversity data.


The agent causing chlorotic spots in Kalanchoe blossfeldiana `Isabella? was investigated. A virus isolated from this naturally infected kalanchoe was mechanically transmissible to several indicator plants. Observation of suspension preparations in the electron microscope revealed rhabdovirus-like particles. On the basis of symptoms on indicator plants, serology, electron microscopy, molecular characterisation and back inoculation to K. blossfeldiana 'Isabella', the causal agent was identified as an isolate of Sonchus yellow net virus (SYNV). This is the first report of an ornamental plant species naturally infected by SYNV.


to the editor: To Drs. Bonnema and colleagues, thank you for your comments on our recent article in AJP-Endocrinology and Metabolism ([4][1]). Indeed, for subjects not used to these polyols, 50 g of xylitol and 75 g of erythritol as a single bolus given within 2 min seems rather high. From a


The study of teaching middle school history,we almost could not find a course from beginning to end without question.As a basic teaching skills,the majority of teachers are using questions,it plays a great promotion,and can effectively enhance the effect of teaching.It also can help teachers to carry out effective teaching.


The methods of metaphorical representation of concept «poet» in the Russian poetri of XX century are studied. The traditional and intraditional models of metaphor in Text are defined.


It is difficult to monitor the malfunction of the running mud pump in real time when the piston and the valve body is damaged and jammed.Based on power spectrum processing technology,wavelet processing technology and CAN bus a new method realizes the malfunction diagnosis of the mud pump in long distance and online.It is first to analysis the mechanism of the malfunction which contains damaging and jamming,then to study the method to extract the failure symptoms of the mud pump,and to draw the monitoring system software.Tested with the F-1300 mud pump,it demonstrates that this method can distinguish the malfunction of the pump when the piston and the valve body is damaged and valve body is jammed effectively in real time.


In recent years,Sinology continues to attract more attention.Under the situations of social and moral decline,increase of low-taste culture,strong penetration of foreign cultures and crises of national culture,a revival of Sinology Education has become an unavoidable topic.As the schools at different levels are the main platforms for the students to know and learn Sinology,the practices in Sinology education in schools are of great significance in criticizing and inheriting the traditional culture.


This paper derives from a major study was done in two stages which built upon the research by Issa (2009) on Australian services sector that coined the concept 'Ethical Mindsets' deriving from two ...


In the age of continually developing satellite nav ig tion practically every ship is equipped with GPS receivers, providing the coordinates of her position. However, relying solely on the navigational data from one au tonomous receiver the navigator may expect that a given position is burdened with signi ficant errors or that the position data will be lost. This results from the shortcoming of GPS systems which are susceptible to disturbances affecting their operation. One method to substantially reduce such risk is a navigational system that makes use of a number of s ources for accurate position determination. The obtained data are processed, whi ch involves data integration and filtration in order to further diminish measurement errors. One possible solution is the application of a system based on an algorithm of mu lti-sensor navigational data fusion using a Kalman filter. After a brief description of the algorithm, this article presents some results of the fusion of data from parallel positio n measurements, where the data come from two mobile GPS receivers. The said solution is intended to be implemented in a navigational decision support system on board a sea -going vessel.


Objective: To analyze key clinical characteristics of drug eruption of the child inpatients in our hospital in the past 10 years as a reference for its prevention and treatment in the future. Methods: The clinical characteristics, such as the allergic medicines, the types of skin rash, of 100 diagnosed child patients with drug eruption were analyzed Results: Among the allergic medicines, the most common ones were antieffective agents, then biomedicines, and the last herb medicines. The frequency of occurrence of the rash went down from multiformity erythema to fix erythema. Conclusion: While using medicine clinical doctors should inquire allergic history in medicine in detail and reduce the occurrence of the drug eruption.


To evaluate the effect of oral cleaning using a mouthwash and a mouth moisturizing gel on the number of bacteria and moisture level of the tongue surface of older adults requiring nursing care.


Part I - Rivalrous Consonance Theory 1. Toward a Usable General Theory of Oligopoly. 2. Towards an Operational General Equilibrium. 3. General Oligopolistic Equilibrium: A Crippled-Optimization Approach. 4. Duopoly Reaction Functions under Crippled Optimization Regimes. 5. Rivalrous Consonance: A Theory of Mature Oligopolistic Behavior in a General Equilibrium Framework. Part II - Price Competition in Oligopoly: The Case of OPEC 6. Rivalrous Consonance and the Power Structure of OPEC. 7. A Short-Run Demand Analysis of the OPEC Cartel. 8. The Limits of OPEC. 9. The GENESYS Model of OPEC, 1974-80. 10. Lessons and Conjectures on OPEC. Part III - Non-Price Competition in Oligopoly. 11. Quality Space, Interproduct Competition, and General Equilibrium Theory. 12. Interproduct Distances in a Quality-Space: Inexact Measurement in Differentiated Oligopoly Analysis. 13. Price-Quality Competition in Oligopolistic Interdependence. 14. Price/Marketing Competition and Information Flows in Spatial Oligopoly. 15. Spatial Oligopoly: Price-Location Interdependence. 16. The Dynamics of Oligopolistic Location: Present Status and Future Research Directions. 17. Modelling Price and Non-Price Competition in Spatial Oligopoly. Part IV - Oligopolistic Decision Making Under Uncertainty. 18. Oligopolistic Uncertainty and Optimal Bidding in Government Procurement. 19. Uncertainty, Spatial Proximity, and the Stability of Oligopoly Pricing. 20. Conflict Management and the Theory of Mature Oligopoly.


Summary The complex and changing context of vocational rehabilitation requires that practitioners continually upgrade their knowledge. The computer offers the capacity to combine and present current information to persons with different levels of experience and training. Still, access to computer resources can be difficult for novice computer users. AskAbout Vocational Rehabilitation Counselling (AAVRC) is a natural language computer data base that has been developed to ease access for typical vocational rehabilitation personnel. The content of AAVRC was developed in response to questions posed by a sample of rehabilitation practitioners. The data base content will be reviewed by professionals and consumers of rehabilitation. This is a practical approach to constructing a data base and most likely will lead to a different knowledge base than if it was constructed solely from teachers and experts in the field.


Safety in operation is t a top priority in port economic development. Safety training is important particularly due to the working environment of port is complicated and accidents happen frequently. Traditional safety training methods with low efficiency are mainly based on lectures or classes, and the effect is not significant, which makes it difficult for trainees to understand the safety of the port quickly. Trainees can have a more intuitive impression of the safety knowledge introduced by the training with the help of virtual reality (VR) technology. The platform for port safety training combines the traditional PDF documents, pictures and video resources with virtual reality technology and put the points of safety training into the vivid virtual scene by using virtual reality technology. Trainees can learn knowledge in the situation, and then apply the knowledge to the situation, so as to achieve the purpose of applying theory to practice. The examination system is supplemented to test the learning quality in the later stage. Finally, trainees can have a high degree of safety awareness, so as to reduce the accident rate effectively.


Saratov State University, Russia, 410012, Saratov, Astrahanskaya st., 83, email@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.com,email@example.comfinedbygeometricalimagesofautomata.Thephasespaceofthesystemisdeterminedby orthogonal and affine transformations of geometric images. Compositions of dynamical systems of a given type and theircharacteristics are studied.Key words: automata, discrete dynamical systems, geometric images of automata.


Modern Pharmacology Fourth edition. CR Craig and RE Stitzel; eds. 928 pages. Boston: Little, Brown; 1994. $49.95. ISBN 0-316-15932-8. Order phone 617-227-0730. The editors of this multiauthor text are professors of pharmacology at West Virginia School of Medicine. Included in the first section, General Principles of Pharmacology, is a chapter titled Ethics in Pharmacology. The rest of the book is organized according to drug class (that is, drugs affecting the autonomic nervous system, the cardiovascular system, the central nervous system, and more). One chapter discusses compounds that (allegedly) remove dental plaque. Colored headings may facilitate access to desired sections and important or summary points are often italicized. A useful, relatively inexpensive reference book primarily intended for medical student teaching but likely to be of use to more advanced clinicians as well.


By comparing the relaxation current with pure Al<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> layer, we postulate that the relaxation process of the dual layer Pt nanocrystal-based Al<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>/SiO<inf>2</inf> stack mainly arise from the charge leak of the metal nanocrystals, which probably follows the Poole-Frankel behavior. The extracted relaxation current from the metal nanocrystals and its charge leak time constant provide a simple and effective characterization tool to detect the retention property of this Flash memory cell.


Executive SummaryThis report examines the irreversible effects of cigarette smoking on various organ systems and challenges the notion that a few years of exposure to smoking will have no lasting adverse consequences. Our hope is to discourage young people from taking up this deadly habit by appealing to their common sense and better judgment, thereby allowing them to choose for themselves not to smoke. We will not recite the familiar litany of smoking-related health problems such as emphysema, cancer, and heart disease. Rather, we will show that smoking cigarettes for as few as five years can have a permanent effect on the lungs, the heart, the eyes, the throat, the urinary tract, the digestive organs, the bones and joints, and the skin even if the smoker quits.


This paper presents the detailed deduction of an inertia wheel pendulum (IWP) mathematical model, through the Lagrange equations of motion. Also, a mechanical design and the construction of the IWP are introduced step by step. This with the purpose of providing a material that can be useful in the easy comprehension of an IWP mathematical model and to accomplish the construction of an IWP in a relatively short time. The mechanical design is carried out by using the software Solid Works. Moreover, numerical simulations of the deduced mathematical model are performed via Mat lab-Simulink. Furthermore, in order to verify that the IWP built behaves according to the mathematical model herein deduced, experimental tests are carried out by using such an IWP, Mat lab-Simulink, Control Desk, and a DS1104 board from d SPACE.


xxx: Rxxx-Rxxx, 2008. For humans and rodents, ingesting sucrose is rewarding. This experiment tested the prediction that the neural activity produced by sapid sucrose reaches reward systems via projections from the pons through the limbic system. Gastric cannulas drained ingested fluid before absorption. For 10 days, the rats alternated an hour of this sham ingestion between sucrose and water. On the final test day, half of them sham drank water, the other half 0.6 M sucrose. Thirty minutes later the rats were sacrificed and their brains immunohistochemically stained for FOS. The groups consisted of controls and rats with excitotoxic lesions in the gustatory thalamus (TTA), the medial (gustatory) parabrachial nucleus (PBN), or the lateral (visceral afferent) parabrachial nucleus. In controls, compared with water, sham ingesting sucrose produced significantly more FOS positive neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract, PBN, TTA, and gustatory cortex (GC). In the ventral forebrain, sucrose sham licking increased FOS in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, central nucleus of amygdala, and the shell of nucleus accumbens. Thalamic lesions blocked the sucrose effect in GC but not in the ventral forebrain. After lateral PBN lesions, the FOS distributions produced by dH 2 O or sucrose intake did not differ from controls. Bilateral medial PBN damage, however, eliminated the sucrose induced FOS increase not only in the TTA and GC, but also in the ventral forebrain. Thus, ventral forebrain areas associated with affective responses appear to be activated directly by PBN gustatory neurons rather than via the thalamocortical taste system. SUCROSE IS NORMALLY rewarding to rats and many other animals. The neural bases for this hedonic effect are not understood but, at some point, the afferent neural activity must engage central reward systems. Sucrose ingestion releases dopamine (DA) in the nucleus accumbens Sucrose FOS Central Lesions 2 (16). This DA release is concentration dependent, but independent of the volume consumed or the nutritional consequences of the ingestion (19). For these and other reasons, accumbens DA release can be taken as a central index of the reward value of the gustatory stimulus (40). From this it follows that understanding how gustatory afferent activity reaches forebrain reward systems will aid in detecting the neural underpinnings of hedonic value. In the rat, the central gustatory system bifurcates in the pons into a dorsal, thalamocortical projection and a ventral, limbic distribution (30). Lesions of the thalamic taste relay have no …


A technique for realising a compact frequency-selectable dual-band Wilkinson divider/combiner is presented in this study. To provide a frequency-selection function, the band-pass transmission-line transformer (TLT) in a dual-band device is replaced with a tuneable band-reject TLT. To realise this tuneable device, a variable capacitively loaded spur-line filter is proposed for its compact size. The theory based on an ideal transmission-line circuit is developed to provide a design procedure. The proposed circuits are demonstrated with simulated and measured results of a Wilkinson divider/combiner fabricated on FR4 substrate.


Objective
To evaluate the performance of the Sendai Guidelines, Fukuoka Guidelines and Pancreatic Cystic Lesions Management Guidelines(Chinese guidelines) in predicting malignant mucinous pancreatic cystic neoplasms (PCN).

Methods
A retrospective analysis of 196 patients, who received surgery and were pathologically identified as PCN or intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN), underwent surgical resection in Ruijin Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University from January 2003 to April 2017 was performed. The differences on clinical and pathological parameters between malignant mucinous and benign mucinous PCN were compared. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the indications for surgery in the Sendai, Fukuoka and Chinese Guidelines in predicting malignant mucinous PCN were calculated.

Results
Of 196 patients, 39 patients (19.9%) were confirmed as malignant tumors and 157 patients (80.1%) were confirmed as benign tumors by pathology. There were significant differences on age, symptoms (abdominal pain, jaundice or pancreatitis), tumor solid composition, pancreatic duct diameter, tumor site, tumor diameter>3 cm, and serum CA199 level between malignant and benign patients (all P<0.05). But there were no significant differences on gender distribution, tumor diameter, mural nodules and the proportion of mucinous cystic neoplasm (MCN) and intra-ductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). 165 patients (84.2%) met the Sendai Guidelines, 153 patients (78.1%) met the Chinese guideline, and only 61 patients (31.1%) met the Fukuoka Guidelines. All 39 patients with malignant tumors met the indications in Sendai Guidelines and Chinese guidelines, and only 35 patients had the indication for surgery in the Fukuoka Guidelines. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of the Fukuoka Guidelines for predicting the malignancy were 84.7%, 89.7%, 83.4%, 57.4% and 97.0%, compared to 35.7%, 100%, 19.8%, 23.6% and 100% for the Sendai and 41.8%, 100%, 27.4%, 25.5% and 100% for the Chinese guidelines, respectively.

Conclusions
The performance of the Chinese guideline is slightly better than the Sendai Guidelines, while both of them can lead to a larger number of patients undergoing unnecessary surgical resection. Though the rate of missed diagnosis could reach 10.3%, the Fukuoka Guidelines gets the highest accuracy.

Key words:
Pancreatic neoplasms; Neoplasms, cystic, mucinous and serous; Surgical procedures, operative; Guidebooks; Forecasting


Optical properties and high-order stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) generation in a homemade CVD diamond crystal with 3 × 3 mm2 aperture are investigated in this paper. The high order of the Raman laser has been studied theoretically and demonstrated experimentally. By simulating the Stokes components at different pump intensities and the divergence angles, the pump source was well matched with the size of the crystal. Pumped by using a 1064 nm picosecond laser, five coaxial wavelengths were obtained for the first time based on the CVD diamond at 932 nm, 1064 nm, 1240 nm, 1485 nm, and 1851 nm. This work provides a reference for further development of the optical grade diamond crystal with a large aperture.


AIM
Low immunogenicity remains a major obstacle in realizing the full potential of cancer vaccines. In this study, we evaluated CpG-coated tumor antigen (Tag)-encapsulating 'bacteriomimetic' nanoparticles (CpG-nanoparticle [NP]-Tag NPs) as an approach to enhance anti-tumor immunity.

MATERIALS & METHODS
CpG-NP-Tag NPs were synthesized, characterized for their physicochemical properties and tested in vivo.

RESULTS
We found CpG predosing followed by intraperitoneal (IP) immunization with CpG-NP-Tag NPs significantly attenuated tumor growth in female BALB/c mice compared with respective controls. Histopathological and Immunofluorescence data revealed CpG-NP-Tag tumors had lower proliferation, higher apoptotic activity, greater CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell infiltration as well as higher IFN-γ levels as compared with control groups.

CONCLUSION
Our findings suggest CpG-NP-Tag NPs can enhance anti-tumor effect of nanoparticulate tumor vaccination system.


Introduction: The objective of this research was to investigate anti-inflammatory activity of herbal extracts formulaefrom four plants, Zingiber cassumunar (ZC), Centella asiatica (CA), Zingiber officinale (ZO) and Piper nigrum (PN) by variable proportion of each plant. The active compound(s) contributing to its anti-inflammatoryactivity of best formula was verified using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Method: Inhibitory activity against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7cell lines was used as assay for anti-inflammation. Each plant and five formulae (CF1-CF5) wereextracted by maceration in 95% ethanol. Result: The ethanolic extract of CF2 and CF4 showed the highest nitric oxide inhibitory activities with IC 50 value of 7.83 and 7.87 μg/ml, respectively. Three plant extracts, PN, ZO and ZC also exhibited highnitric oxide inhibitory activities with IC 50 value of 10.52, 11.93 and 21.33 μg/ml, respectively.The studies on chemical constituents using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showedthat piperine and (E)-1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl) butadiene (DMPBD) were a major compound in thecombine formula 2 and 4 extracts. Terpinine-4-ol, 6-gingerol and asiatic acid were a minor compoundin the extracts. Discussion and Conclusion: Combination of herbal extract such as CF2 and CF4 formulae possessed good nitric oxide inhibitory activity which was higher than single plant extract. Key words: Anti-inflammatory, Nitric oxide, Herbal extract formulae, Zingiber cassumunar , Centella asiatica , Zingiber officinale , Piper nigrum


Under-five mortality is among the major public health problems in developing countries, the rate of which is an important factor for a country's development. For this reason, under-five mortality status is an important outcome to measure for children's health. This study uses the Cox proportional-hazards model to identify risk factors associated with under-five mortality in Sudan. This study uses the 2014 Sudan Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) conducted by the Central Bureau of Statistics in collaboration with several national institutions. The survival Cox proportional-hazards model was used to identify factors that affect under-five child mortality in Sudan. The results show that the weight of a child at birth is positively associated with the under-five child mortality rate. Under-five children who have both small and large weights at birth are at a higher risk of dying before reaching five years. Based on demographic factors associated with under-five mortality, our analysis showed that mothers who were married at the time of the survey are most likely to have higher under-five child mortality as compared to formerly married mothers. In addition to this, that mother's age at the time of the birth is significantly associated with under-five mortality. Based on the result, the lack of Original Research Article Ayele et al.; AJRID, 5(1): 55-68, 2020; Article no.AJRID.60962 56 important policies targeting the reduction of socioeconomic inequalities between rural and urban areas is the major problem of public health interventions to improve child health and survival in Sudan.


This datasheet on Bacillus anthracis as a foodborne pathogen covers Identity, Overview, Associated Diseases, Pests or Pathogens, Risk Assessment, Diagnosis, Epidemiology, Uses, Food Safety, Further Information.


Today,culture has become a key element of a nations' core competitiveness.Therefore,cultural construction is the inherent demand and important content in building socialist new countryside.Based on a detailed analysis of the current status and problems in constructing new countryside culture in Fujian Province,this article emphasizes the importance of system and mechanism innovation,and proposes several policy countermeasures including perfecting public culture services system,establishing a multi-mechanism of financial input,setting up a scientific and effective macro-management system,and innovating the system of fostering talents.


A Cartesian-based method is proposed for combustion-radiation problems in gray enclosures having one ordinate symmetry and containing absorbing-emitting media with isotropic scattering. This method collapses the 3-D radiative information of the problem into its 2-D solution plane and is shown to be applicable for all ranges of optical thicknesses, including the optically very thin case, while maintaining near-analytic accuracy over most of this range. To accomplish this task, the collapsed dimension method makes use of effective intensity rays, each of which contains the information of the conglomerate of all the conventional intensity rays focused on the same point and contained in a plane that is both inclined at the same angle as the ray and is also normal to the solution plane. This novel procedure thus eliminates the use of solid angles and reduces both the complexity and the computational expense involved in the solution of such problems. The method is shown to be applicable to gray wall problems en...


The book comprises a lengthy introduction and a complete translation of Laozi's classic, with comments and notes on individual chapters. The introduction covers Daoism as the counterculture in China and beyond; the originality and distinctiveness of Laozi's psychological and sociopolitical thoughts; the influence and contemporary relevance of the classic to life in the 21st century; and insights on bilingualism that the author gained in the process of translation.
This is the very first interpretation of Daoism from a psychological perspective. The topics covered include Laozi's thoughts and their points of contact with modern psychology, the psychology of actions and nonactions, the cognitive and emotional aspects of the classic, psychological applications, difficulties of translation from a linguistic viewpoint, bilingualism-biculturalism, and a case study of my own bilingual experiences.
The book contains the first translation of the Beida Laozi (Peking University Laozi), which predates the current received text by several centuries. The author has renamed the classic as The Classic of Virtue and the Dao (DeDaoJing) to acknowledge that, in the Beida Laozi, the chapters on De (virtue) precede those on the Dao (Way).
The target audience comprises scholars, college students, as well as educated adults interested in psychology and religion or spirituality; mental health professionals interested in holistic health. Courses that may adopt the book include comparative religion, cultural or Asian studies, translation, bilingualism, and multiculturalism.


Geodiversity, which corresponds to the variety of elements such as rocks, minerals, geomorphological features and soils, constitutes an important part of the environmental system. The division of geoenvironmental units based on the geodiversity characteristics presents itself as an essential research tool to know the processes and interactions of the abiotic elements of an area, as is the case southeast sector of the Island of Maranhao, which presents few studies focused on the its geodiversity. The objective of the research was to delimit the main geomontial units of the area based on local geodiversity as a way to gather similar information about the abiotic resources and to increase the knowledge about the same. Using the geosystemic approach and from the bibliographical and cartographic surveys, the use of GIS and field activities, the delimitation of three geoenvironmental units of this sector was done: Coastal Tabuleiros, Fluvial-Marine Plain and Coastal Plain. It is estimated that this study is the basis for future research on the subject and for the planning and territorial planning of the area.


During ground maneuvers a loss of lateral stability due to the saturation of the main landing gear tires can cause the aircraft to enter a skid or a spin. The lateral stability is governed not only by aspects of the gear design, such as its geometry and tire characteristics, but also by operational parameters: for example, the weather and taxiway condition. In this paper, we develop an improved understanding and new presentation of the dynamics of an aircraft maneuvering on the ground, ultimately aimed at optimization and automation of ground operations. To investigate turning maneuvers, we apply techniques from dynamic systems theory to a modified version of a nonlinear computer model of an A320 passenger aircraft developed by the Landing Gear Group at Airbus in the United Kingdom. Specifically, we present a bifurcation analysis of the underlying solution structure that governs the dynamics of turning maneuvers with dependence on the steering angle and thrust level. Furthermore, a detailed study of the behavior when lateral stability is lost focuses on how the tire saturation at different wheel sets leads to qualitatively different types of overall behavior. The presented bifurcation diagrams identify parameter regions for which undesirable behavior is avoidable, and thus they form a foundation for defining the safe operating limits during turning maneuvers.


The time required for the embryonic development of Dolerus tritici Chu at 27℃ is about 7days. Both the mode of cleavage and the formation of the germ band are in common with otherinsects. At very early stages, the amnion degenerates without formation of a dorsal organ, butthe serosa persists until eclosion. The gastrulation is accomplished by means of an invagination ofthe germ band, the endoderm (mesenteron rudiment) being of bipolar origin. During embro- genesis the germ band divides into 19 segments: 5 cephalic (including the acron), 3 thoracic and11 abdominal. The premandibular segment bears no appendages and disappears in the early stage;the antennae are post-oral in origin but soon migrate forward into pre-oral position; the labrum isunpaired, therefore represents no true appendage. The blastokinesis consists of the shortening of the dorsally flexed germ band and the bendingof its caudal end to the venter. During blastokinesis, the process of doxsal closure of the embryois completed. A neural groove, which appears behind the mouth and extends to the caudal end, gives riseto the ventral nerve cord. The protocerebrum, the duetocerebrum and the optic lobes arise fromthe pre-oral ectoderm. In the begnning, the stomodeal nervous system appears as two outgrowthsfrom the dorsal wall of the stomodeum. The mesenteron is formed by two masses of endodermal cells (mesenteron rudiments) situatedinner to the blind ends of ectodermal stomodeum and proctodeum. At the end of proctodeum thereare outgrowths which developing into Malpighian tubules. There are 14 pairs of ectodermal invaginations altogether present. Of these 4 pairs in the headgive rise in succession to the anterior tentorial arms, the mandibular apodemes, the posterior tentorialarms and the salivary glands; while those occurring in meso- and metathorax and in first to eighthabdominal segments develop into tracheal and form the tracheal system. Originally the oenocytesare ectodermal cells which invaginate at first alone with the abdominal tracheal and later lose theirconnections with the integument. The median mesoderm gives rise to haemocytes, the splanchnic mesoderm forms the muscularcoat of the digestive tube, while the somatic mesoderm develop into the skeletal muscles as well asthe fat bodies. Those cells which occur at the junction of the splanchnic and the somatic layersform the dorsal vessel and the dorsal diaphragin. Anteriorly the aorta is formed by the union oftwo coelomic sacs of the acron.


The rotifer Brachionus plicatilis requires vitamin B12. Freshwater Chlorella, which is produced by traditional culture, cannot support rotifer growth under bacteria-free conditions. However, Chlorella enriched with vitamin B12 can support rotifer growth. To attain stable mass production of Brachionus, it is desirable to develop a food that can completely support growth of the rotifers. The authors cultured rotifers at experimental and mass culture scale with concentrated Chlorella vulgaris suspension enriched with vitamin B12 in their cells.

Chlorella suspensions were prepared containing different amounts of vitamin B12 in their cells, and rotifers were then cultured in 20 ml of the prepared suspensions. The highest rotifer yield was obtained from the group cultured with Chlorella containing more vitamin B12 in their cells. The suitable content of vitamin B12 in the concentrated Chlorella suspension commercially available for mass culture of the rotifer is considered to be 200 μg per 100 g dry matter of Chlorella. The amount of vitamin B12 necessary to produce one individual rotifer is calculated at 0.32 pg.

The authors conducted mass production of the rotifer with baker's yeast and refrigerated concentrated Chlorella containing vitamin B12 Rotifer culture with vitamin B12 was more stable and showed 1.3 times higher production than with normal Chlorella.


Evidence based medicine is not quite the same as traditional medicine, as the former stresses the combination of evidence and doctors experience, failure to achieve which will be disadvantageous to patients. In recent years, evidence based medicine has been growing silently in China. At present the ideology of evidence based medicine is being widely applied to the treatment of cardiovascular disease, including hypertension, arrhythmia, heart failure, myocardial infarction, etc. and the regulation of fat metabolism. Some medications harmful to patients have been discarded and curative effects have been improved. Of course, there are still some shortcomings. Yet evidence based medicine has also exerted an effect on people in the medical circle and the making of medical decisions.


Penicillin has been the most widely used antibiotic for many gram-positive bacterial infections. In this research the purity of the standard active ingredients of the various dosage forms of three penicillins (Amoxicillin, Cloxacillin and Ampicillin) imported and the purity percentage of the active ingredients in each of the various dosage forms of these drugs manufactured by several pharmaceutical companies of Iran (Kosar, Farabi and Jaber Ibn Hayan) were investigated and determined by HPLC technique. The analyses were made by using a Knauer (Germany) Spherimage-80, ODS, 2-5 μm C18 column with 30 cm length, and i.d. 4.5 mm. A 20 μL solution from each individual sample and the standard solution were injected separately onto the column of an HPLC instrument which was equipped with ECW 2000 software of Knauer, Germany. The results obtained in this research have shown that the purity percentage of the active ingredients of the standard powder and the various dosage forms of all the drugs used, were 100%.


523 Background: ASCO/CAP guidelines for HER2 testing in breast cancer were published in 2007 and updated in 2013. HER2-directed therapies (HDT) should be recommended in patients who are deemed HER2 positive, while they are not recommended in HER2 negative patients. If HER2 testing is equivocal, the guideline suggests that HDT be considered. It is not known how implementation of updated guidelines will change clinical practice. Methods: After the implementation of the 2013 guidelines, 321 breast tumor samples were received by the Mayo Clinic Cytogenetics laboratory for FISH analysis of HER2 status. The prevalence of HER2 alterations in this cohort was analyzed using both 2007 and 2013 guidelines. We also retrospectively analyzed HER2 data from N9831 (Alliance), a prospective multicenter randomized trial that evaluated the use of trastuzumab in the adjuvant setting. The trial included 3,505 women with histologically confirmed node-positive/high-risk node-negative HER2 positive invasive breast cancer. US FDA...


Wind power prediction, especially for turbines, is vital for the operation, controllability, and economy of electricity companies. Hybrid methodologies combining advanced data science with weather forecasting have been incrementally applied to the predictions. Nevertheless, individually modeling massive turbines from scratch and downscaling weather forecasts to turbine size are neither easy nor economical. Aiming at it, this paper proposes a novel framework with mathematical underpinnings for turbine power prediction. This framework is the first time to incorporate knowledge distillation into energy forecasting, enabling accurate and economical constructions of turbine models by learning knowledge from the well-established park model. Besides, park-scale weather forecasts non-explicitly are mapped to turbines by transfer learning of predicted power errors, achieving model correction for better performance. The proposed framework is deployed on five turbines featuring various terrains in an Arctic wind park, the results are evaluated against the competitors of ablation investigation. The major findings reveal that the proposed framework, developed on favorable knowledge distillation and transfer learning parameters tuning, yields performance boosts from 3.3 % to 23.9 % over its competitors. This advantage also exists in terms of wind energy physics and computing efficiency, which are verified by the prediction quality rate and calculation time.


Iridescence, a type of structural coloration, has a variety of functions and is found in many different taxa. The echinoid family, Diadematidae, is known for possessing members with iridescent spines and tests. The iridophores of the genus Diadema have been particularly studied, but no studies have characterized variation of iridescence within this genus. Past studies have also found depressions on the genital plates matching the location of iridophores, but they have not reported them on other iridescent areas of the test. The principal objective of this study was to explain and characterize the variation of iridescence in Diadema savignyi resulting from changes in development and from physiological color change. The second objective was to describe the morphology of depressions on the test of D. savignyi corresponding to the location of iridophores. Urchin specimens were collected from various fringing reefs on the island of Moorea, French Polynesia, were photographed and measured for test and spine size, and the amount of iridescence around the apical system was determined with photographic analysis. The tests of five individuals were also bleached and analyzed for indentations matching the location of iridophores. The present study found that the amount of iridescence around the apical system decreases with age, but mid-sized individuals appear to have the most iridescence on the entire test. Around the apical system, the amount of iridescence is the same between darkand light-adapted phases, but it seems to be higher in the interambulacrum in dark-adapted phases. Finally, there are grooves on the genital plates and around the madreporite that match the location of iridophores, but there are no abnormal grooves on the interambulacrum or surrounding the tubercles.


To create dialogue systems that provide information a user needs to know at an opportune moment, it is important to infer the user's mental states such as his/her beliefs and desires. There are two types of study on inferring beliefs and desires: one type infers them from actions and the other infers them from the content of utterances. However, a method to infer beliefs and desires from both kinds of inference in an integrated way has not yet been established. In this paper, we propose Multimodal Inference of Mind Simultaneous Contextualization and Interpreting (MIoM SCAIN), a system for sequentially inferring users' beliefs and desires on the basis of their walking behaviors and the content of their utterances. In our evaluation, we compared inferences of MIoM SCAIN with those of baselines that use either walking behaviors or the content of utterances. MIoM SCAIN's predictions showed more correlation with subjective judgements compared with the baselines, indicating that the inference of beliefs and desires from both walking behaviors and utterance content is possible.


Free electron lasers utilize a relativistic electron beam as the laser medium, which results in unique properties beneficial to the generation and amplification of short wavelength coherent radiation. Since the resonance condition can be adjusted by varying externally controlled parameters such as the electron energy or the wiggler magnetic field strength, these devices are well suited to produce sources with tunable wavelength. Also, there is no problem with the medium having undesirable absorption at particular wavelengths. Development of free electron laser oscillators utilizing optical cavities has proved very successful in the infrared. As one considers moving into the vacuum ultraviolet and x-ray regions, mirrors become more difficult, and it is worthwhile to consider devices based upon single pass amplification. One approach is to utilize an external laser to seed the FEL amplifier. At short wavelengths a seed at the operating wavelength may be unavailable, but one can use a subharmonic seed at longer wavelength and carry out harmonic generation in the FEL. This scheme has many merits especially in the ultraviolet region from 75nm-200nm. The temporal coherence of the output is inherited from the seed laser. Another approach is to start the FEL from the spontaneous radiation emitted at the beginning of the wiggler. This approach is viable at very short wavelengths where even subharmonic seeds are unavailable. Devices based on self-amplified spontaneous radiation are capable of delivering high intensity and good transverse coherence, but the frequency bandwidth cannot be as narrow as achievable in an oscillator or seeded amplifier.


Simple Summary How tumor response and progression-free survival (PFS) reflect the overall survival (OS) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) clinical trials with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have not been clarified. This study validated the uses of objective response rate and PFS for NSCLC trials with ICI through an individual-patient level and a trial level. Abstract Background: To assess the usefulness of tumor response and progression-free survival (PFS) as surrogates for overall survival (OS) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) trials with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), which have not been confirmed. Methods: Patient- and trial-level analyses were performed. The Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors was preferred for image assessment. For trial-level analysis, surrogacy was assessed using the weighted rank correlation coefficient (r) following "reciprocal duplication." This method duplicates all plots as if the experimental and the reference arms were switched. Monte Carlo simulations were performed for evaluating this method. Results: A total of 3312 cases were included in the patient-level analysis. Patients without response (first line (1L): hazard ratio (HR) 1.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.71–2.23; second or later line (2L-): HR 4.22, 95% CI 3.22–5.53), without disease control (1L: HR 4.34, 95% CI 3.82–4.94; 2L-: HR 3.36, 95% CI 2.96–3.81), or with progression during the first year (1L: HR 3.42, 95% CI 2.60–4.50; 2L-: HR 3.33, 95% CI 2.64–4.20), had a higher risk of death. Systematic searches identified 38 RCTs including 17,515 patients for the study-level analysis. Odds ratio in the objective response rate (N = 38 × 2, r = −0.87) and HR in PFS (N = 38 × 2, r = 0.85) showed an excellent association with HR in overall survival, while this effect was not observed in the disease control rate (N = 26 × 2, r = −0.03). Conclusions: Objective response rate and PFS are reasonable surrogates for OS in NSCLC trials with ICI.


In this work, the filtered mass density function (FMDF) methodology is implemented in the discontinuous spectral element method (DSEM) for simulation of reacting flows in complex geometries. DSEM solves the compressible Navier-Stokes equations on an unstructured grid with high orders of accuracy. The FMDF is a probability density function method that has been developed for large eddy simulation (LES) of variable-density chemically reacting turbulent flows. The solution to the modeled FMDF transport equation is obtained by solving an equivalent set of stochastic differential equations (SDEs) which yield statistically equivalent results. The set of SDEs is solved by means of a Lagrangian Monte Carlo scheme. The validity of the scalar FMDF is appraised by determining the consistency against DSEM in a temporally developing shear layer. Additional results are shown for the DSEM-LES/FMDF simulation of a hydrogen-air reaction in a temporally-developing shear layer.


The study examined inspection practices in secondary schools in Western Uganda. Towards achieving this objective, a Concurrent Triangulation Mixed Methods Design, involving questionnaire survey and interview, with a total of 399 participants in the categories of teachers, head teachers, school inspectors from 36 secondary schools in four districts of Western Uganda, was adopted. Quantitative data to test the resultant hypothesis were analysed using Chi Square Goodness of Fit Test while qualitative data were analysed using Qualitative Content Analysis. The study revealed that inspection practices in secondary schools were perceived as largely ineffective. The study concluded that despite the value attached to school inspection in the theoretical, political, and institutional and policy debates, inspectors continue to think and act according to the traditional notions of school inspection as evidenced by practices hinged on control. The major implication of the study is that understanding the practices before, during and after school inspection will allow policy makers, inspectors, teachers and headteachers to design better practices and benefit from them. The study also proposes a theoretical model for effective school inspection that requires further research and measurement to determine its validity so that lessons can be learnt that can assist inspectors in the future.


A cross sectional study to observe the relation between body mass index (BMI) and the fasting total blood cholesterol level was carried out among 82 undergraduate medical students from SEGi University, Kota Damansara. The participants were randomly selected to participate in this research. The BMI was then calculated by using the standard formula (kg/m). The fasting total blood cholesterol level was measured by using home cholesterol kit. The obtained data was then analyzed by using statistical package for the social sciences software (version 22.0). For males, the highest mean BMI value and highest mean fasting total blood cholesterol level were recorded for Indian students followed by Malays and Chinese. There was significant correlation between BMI and the fasting total blood cholesterol level in male participants (0.001, r-value = 0.525). As for females, Malays had the highest mean BMI value followed by Indians and Chinese and the highest mean fasting total blood cholesterol level was found in Chinese followed by Malays and Indians. No significant correlation was found between BMI and fasting total blood cholesterol levels in female participants (0.922, r-value = 0.015). However, there was a significant correlation between BMI and fasting total blood cholesterol level in overall male and female participants (0.015, r-value = 0.267). In conclusion, our study suggests that the students should be advised to exercise more; reduce intake of food with high cholesterol, avoid fast food and have an active and healthy lifestyle. This may overall improve their health status and prevent them from getting diseases which are associated with obesity and high cholesterol level.


Gasoline Properties Gasoline is a mixture of hydrocarbons distilled from crude oil containing specified maximum levels of impurities and some minimum level of performance-enhancing additives. The overall characteristics of the blend were traditionally defined by an allowable maximum vapor pressure and a performance index called an octane number. In recent years, efforts to reduce air pollution have extended these definitions to include restrictions on the chemical composition of gasoline blends.


This paper presents a detailed analysis for the method which by combining the frame wavelet transform and neural networks theories to identify the common analog circuit faults.Then the paper verified the applicability of the method for a common analog circuit fault by using the theoretical analysis and the circuit simulation.


Abstract In 1992, Belize passed the Domestic Violence Act to criminalise intimate partner violence within its borders, and in 1996, it ratified the Convention of Belém do Pará to pledge its allegiance to eradicate all forms of gender-related violence on the American continents. Despite these legal commitments to human rights, and several decades of work by activists to diminish the phenomenon, such legislation is seldom enforced in Belize and domestic violence remains a reality for over half of the women in the country. Condoned by culturally relevant gender hierarchies, this prevalence furthermore contributes to public wellness-related concerns, such as both major and minor external injuries, and also an accelerated spread of HIV/AIDS as well as non-fatal sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). In this article, I will address the specific problems which hinder such legislative enforcement and further complicate the administration of health services within one local context, and I will highlight several strategies which advocates are newly striving to employ to help mitigate the situation.


In this short paper we discuss the advantages and drawbacks of oral and written evaluation of students. First in more general terms and then followed by details of what we did in our course and our experience. Finally, we outline some topics for further study and discussions.


Insulating glass is the main function material of the building curtain wall and building windows and doors, which plays a significant role in the energy-saving function more than 50% of the whole building. In recent years, the thermal insulating property and sound insulating property of insulating glass improves greatly with the combination of vacuum glazing. With the combination of PV (photovoltaic) glass, insulating glass has structural-function integration characteristics. Vacuum glazing and BIPV are two important types of insulating glass which are developing rapidly. In this paper, research developments and test experience of vacuum glazing and BIPV were summarized. Through analyzing the energy-saving test data of vacuum glazing and BIPV, the energy-saving influencing factors were given.


Hydroxyapatite (HA) is highly biocompatible and a composite based on carbon nanotubes going to increase osteointegration. HA coating has to be reinforced to get mechanical strength improvement. In the present study we explore the feasibility of three methods for obtaining some nanostructured composites composed from HA and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on titanium alloy surfaces. The three processes were chemical precipitation, electrochemical deposition and sol-gel deposition. The surface morphology, composition and structure of MWCNTs/HA were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and the amounts of titanium ion release by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).


Present cross sectional study was undertaken to assess the nutritional status of 348 pre-primary and primary school going Santal children aged 4 to 10 years which includes 186 boys and 162 girls of Bolpur-Sriniketan Block, Birbhum, West Bengal. Anthropometric measurements of height and weight were measured using standard procedure. The analyses reveals that the mean value of height of boys is slightly greater than that of the girls but the mean value of both weight and BMI of girls are slightly greater than those of the boys. The differences in height, weight and BMI between boys and girls were not statistically significant. The age group wise distribution of undernutrition of both boys and girls were identified by calculating age specific z-scores values. On the basis of both weight for age and BMI for age, the percentage of severe and moderate underweight is higher among the boys than the girls. On the basis of height for age, the percentage of severe stunting is higher among the boys than the girls but the percentage of moderate stunting is higher among the girls than the boys. The study concludes that the boys are more affected by undernutrition in the form of underweight and stunting than girls.


In the first part of the essay, the author states that the "abyssal" cartographical lines that used to demarcate the Old and the New World during colonial times are still alive in the structure of modern occidental thought and remain constitutive of the political and cultural relations held by the contemporary world system. Global social iniquity would thus be strictly related to global cognitive iniquity, in such a way that the struggle for a global social justice requires the construction of a "post-abyssal" thought.


Background: This is a study in the obstetric-gynecology area, with an emphasis on sexual issues. The postpartum period is a time when sexuality has the same purpose, pleasure, and comfort. There are several key factors involved in sexuality. Objectives: To identify aspects related to the sexual experiences and differences of Spanish and immigrant women during the postpartum period in a health area of Palma de Mallorca (Spain). Methodology: This is a qualitative ethnographic study (2013-2014). We conducted 154 observations in 2 health care centers, 32 ethnographic field visits, and semi-structured interviews with Spanish and immigrant women (50 Spanish and 20 immigrant women). Results: Similarly to immigrant women, Spanish women have their own identity and make their own sexual and reproductive decisions in the postpartum period. Conclusion: A broader view on the sexuality of women during the postpartum period is needed. Health care professionals must listen to postpartum women without forgetting their cultural and social contexts in order to provide effective health care.


Abstract —The prime motive of this paper is to review the Six Stroke Engine, its working, advantages and limitations. This engine has two power strokes out of six strokes. The extra two strokes together produce usable power from waste heat. As there is 2/3 power stroke per revolution as compared to 1/2 power stroke of the 4 stroke engine. The power obtained is higher with higher thermal efficiency. There is alsoa reduction in fuel consumption and pollution to the environment. Nowadays, lots of efforts are being made in the engine technology to increase the engine thermal efficiency without any compromise with performance which is the most difficult challenge. The automobile industry is now in need for a more fuel efficient technique and the Six Stroke Engine may be the counterpart with good design compatibility.


Abstract The trajectory of the school system in inter-war independent Latvia was a microcosm of the larger experiences of the state. The devastation of World War I and the battles that followed undermined seriously the capacity of the new state. The first post-war years were spent laboriously rebuilding from near abject ruin. After initial reonstruction passed, however, the dominant concerns became what was to be taught and how in Latvia's schools. The process of this debate and the at times conflicting, at times complimentary, demands of schoolteachers, school inspectors, local government officials, teachers, and students built a modern, effective school system. This school system reflected an inreasingly sophisticated pedagogy, a professionalism of schoolteachers, and impressive construction of schools. The content of schools, however, was also severely contested. With the Depression of the early 1930s the opinions of some quarters of society became more emphatic in identifying a great crisis in society, a crisis that demanded more authoritarian action, a return to traditionalism, and increased importance on nationalist content. This trend supported and was supported by the Ulmanis regime, which considerably restructured the school system, the state, and society at large in the last half of the 1930s. This article relies primarily on archival sources drawn most from school inspectors' reports and other officials within and around the Ministry of Education.


The formation techniques and existent problems and measure of fabrication particulate reinforced metal matrix composiites(PRMMC) by casting process and the characteristics and fabrication techniques of in situ technology are all reviewed in this paper. In Situ technology will be extensive application in fabrication particulate reinforced metal matrix composites.


For [Formula: see text] denote by [Formula: see text] the free group on [Formula: see text] generators and let [Formula: see text]. For [Formula: see text] and elements [Formula: see text], we study orientable quadratic equations of the form [Formula: see text] with unknowns [Formula: see text] and provide explicit solutions for them for the minimal possible number [Formula: see text]. In the particular case when [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] the minimal number which satisfies [Formula: see text], we provide two types of solutions depending on the image of the subgroup [Formula: see text] generated by the solution under the natural homomorphism [Formula: see text]: the first solution, which is called a primitive solution, satisfies [Formula: see text], the second solution satisfies [Formula: see text]. We also provide an explicit solution of the equation [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text], and prove that if [Formula: see text], then every solution of this equation is primitive. As a geometrical consequence, for every solution, we obtain a map [Formula: see text] from the orientable surface [Formula: see text] of genus [Formula: see text] to the torus [Formula: see text] which has the minimal number of roots among all maps from the homotopy class of [Formula: see text]. Depending on the number [Formula: see text], such maps have fundamentally different geometric properties: in some cases, they satisfy the Wecken property and in other cases not.


Background. The small-for-gestational-age (SGA) in infants is related to an increased risk of developing Non-Communicable Diseases later in life. The Mediterranean diet (MD) is related to lower odds of being SGA. The study explored retrospectively the association between SGA, maternal MD adherence, lifestyle habits and other SGA risk factors during pregnancy. Methods. One hundred women (16–44 years) with a pregnancy at term were enrolled. Demographic data, parity, pre-gestational BMI, gestational weight gain, pregnancy-related diseases, and type of delivery were collected. The MD adherence (MEDI-LITE score ≥ 9), physical activity level, and smoking/alcohol consumption were registered. SGA neonates were diagnosed according to the neonatal growth curves. Results. Women were divided into "SGA group" vs. "non-SGA group". The MD was adopted by 71% of women and its adherence was higher in the "non-SGA group" (p = 0.02). The prevalence of pregnancy-related diseases (gestational diabetes/pregnancy-induced hypertension) was higher in the "SGA group" (p = 0.01). The logistic regression showed that pregnancy-related diseases were the only independent risk factor for SGA. Conclusions. MD may indirectly reduce the risk of SGA since it prevents and exerts a positive effect on pregnancy-related diseases (e.g., gestational diabetes and hypertension). The small sample size of women in the SGA group of the study imposes a major limitation to the results and conclusions of this research, suggesting however that it is worthy of further investigation.


A positive relationship between exercise and cognition has been observed in the developing brains of school children as well as the degenerating brains of elderly adults. However, this relationship remains relatively unstudied in the fully functioning brains of young adults. BDNF is known to promote neurogenesis and long-term potentiation within the hippocampus and is believed to mediate the effect of exercise on brain structure and function. Irisin is a recently discovered molecule that may upregulate expression of hippocampal BDNF in response to exercise. This study explored the impact of fitness on cognition in graduate students and considered BDNF and irisin, as well as autonomic balance measured through heart rate variability, as potential mediators of the relationship. We found no association between fitness and cognition, as assessed on a modified Lumosity NeuroCognitive Performance Test, in a cross sectional sample of this population, nor did an 8-week exercise intervention induce improvement in cognitive performance. This may suggest the presence of a cognitive ceiling, above which the benefits of exercise on cognition significantly taper off. There was a negative association between fitness and circulating levels of BDNF and irisin. However, the variability within our biochemical data supports other authors who have recently questioned the reliability of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to accurately quantify these molecules.


Globally, food systems face multiple challenges, including minimizing environmental impacts, adapting to a changing climate, increasing yields, and maintaining and/or increasing crop nutritional quality. Management techniques that focus on soil health (SH) are promising solutions to mitigate some environmental impacts and may increase economic returns. However, claims that SH increases will concurrently increase crop quality and productivity merit careful examination. Factors beyond SH metrics determine crop nutritional quality. Yield outcomes of SH management are of significance, as there are concerns that yield increases are insufficient to meet future food demands. While SH frameworks are comparatively recent initiatives, there are thousands of published conservation agriculture studies that examine yield outcomes with cover crops, no‐till, and rotation. This literature indicates that SH practices can also have neutral or negative yield impacts—only in select systems have consistent yield increases been realized, highlighting the need for language clarification and improvements in mechanistic understanding of regional‐scale yield impacts.


We consider a Decode-and-Forward and Amplify-and-Forward cooperative diversity network where a source communicates with a destination with the help of multiple relays. Relay selection among the set of multiple relays has been proposed as a diversity achieving communication protocol in wireless radio networks. The application of cooperative communication protocols to underwater networks using OFDM is considered and a lower bound on the data detection error at the destination is derived using the Hammersley Chapman Robbins Bound. This lower bound is optimized to jointly determine the optimal power allocation for the relay nodes and Doppler compensation factor at the destination. Numerical results suggest that while relay selection and subsequent Doppler compensation is optimal in most cases, jointly optimizing the power allocation to the relays and the Doppler compensation factor at the destination is the best strategy when several relays have links of comparable strength to the destination.


Three chlorinated VOCs of industrial significance were investigated in the low concentration domain (dichloromethane (DCM), tetrachlorethylene (TCE), and chlorobenzene (CB)), and using three solvents (di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA), and tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME)). The affinity of solvents toward a chlorinated VOC was studied by determining the Henry's law constant (infinite dilution activity coefficient) in the temperature range 30−70 °C. Three techniques were used for this purpose:  headspace gas chromatography (HSGC), indirect, i.e., varying volume, headspace gas chromatography (IHSGC), and inert gas stripping (GS). The accuracies of the techniques were assessed and compared to one another. Generally, agreement between the three methods is good. The comparison was extended to literature data. The Henry's law constant measured with HSGC method were correlated as a function of temperature with an equation similar to the van't Hoff equation. For DCM, T...


A series of new thermal bilateral liquid crystal compounds with the phenylenebis‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole structure was synthesised. The molecular structures of the oxadiazole compounds were confirmed by FT‐IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and mass spectrometry. Thermogravimetric analysis indicates that the compounds in an atmosphere of nitrogen have good thermal stability. Measurements using differential scanning calorimetry, polarising optical microscopy and temperature‐dependent wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction indicated that the liquid crystalline properties are related to the length of the end groups. When the end group was tert‐butyl or alkoxy with four and six carbons, the compounds exhibit no liquid crystal phase. However, compounds with end groups containing more than eight carbons show significant bidirectional thermally‐induced liquid crystal properties and the structure of the liquid crystal phase is the lamellar smectic A phase. All the compounds exhibit blue fluorescence.


ABSTRACT Three Generations of English Women: Memoirs and Correspondence of Susannah Taylor, Sarah Austin, and Lady Duff Gordon by Janet Ross is a distinctive, but underestimated, Victorian family biography. It narrates the lives of her mother, Lucie Duff Gordon, her grandmother, Sarah Austin, and identifies her great-grandmother, Susannah Taylor, as the originator of this female line of intellectual inheritance, which Ross is indebted to. This article examines how Ross's work motivates women's intellectual endeavours by presenting a positive example of female intellectual legacy sustained successfully by foremothers. A Victorian writer, historian and translator, she recognises in her maternal heritage a model of intergenerational mentorship and interaction that promotes intellectual engagement, exchange and transformations. Three Generations of English Women shows that female intergenerational legacy is central not only in uncovering the contribution of Ross's foremothers but also to a deeper understanding of the development of nineteenth-century women's intellectual life.


An optical glass is provided to manufacture optical elements comprising high refractive index and low dispersion glass with high productivity by precise press molding. An optical glass for precise press molding has a refractive index(eta_d) of 1.65 or more and an Abbe Number(Ц_d) of 50 or more. The optical glass has a ratio(alpha1/alpha2) of less than 17 when T1 is the temperature which represents a maximum value of an differential in the amount of glass elongated relative to a temperature differential(DeltaT)(wherein, DeltaT is a constant value of 1°C or below) in the temperature range of glass transition temperature(Tg) to sag temperature(Ts), alpha1 is the average coefficient of linear expansion in the range of T1-5°C to T1+5°C, and alpha2 is the average coefficient of linear expansion in the range of glass transition temperature(Tg)-160°C to glass transition temperature(Tg)-140°C.


A. 2022. Triassic coleoid beaks and other structures from the Calcareous Alps. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 67 (X): xxx–xxx. We performed comprehensive study of seven Carnian, Late Triassic specimens of a coleoid cephalopod Phragmoteuthis bisinuata , on which Suess based his hypothesis on "beaks of P. bisinuata ". Using SEM/EDS, we found that "beaks of P. bisinuata " consist of a micro-granular carbonized matrix containing ~4–30 μm diameter and ~50–200 μm visible length, dense calcified bone-like micro-structures. This strongly suggests that these objects are vertebrate bone-inducing cartilages in which the matrix was post-mortem reworked by carbon-accumulating bacteria and substituted by nano-particles of carbon accumulated in micro-granules. Hence, the presumed "beaks of P. bisinuata " are cartilaginous remains of a prey, presum-ably juvenile fish. This data dismissed the entire hypothesis of Seuss. A small spatula-shape plate with a rachis-like process in an association with 10 or so imprints around (arm crown), found in front of a proostracum of P. bisinuata evidences an unknown Late Triassic juvenile teuthid which possessed a gladius resembling that of the early Permian Glochinomorpha stifeli. It inhabited the open sea area of the northwestern Tethys Ocean, and was, along with juvenile fishes, in the diet of P. bisinuata . The first identified Anisian (Middle Triassic) coleoid beak is represented by an isolated specimen from the Gardena Valley, NE Italy. It has a typical composition and morphology of coleoid upper beak: chitinous, wide-oval lateral walls, short wings, and pointed hook-like rostrum. This suggests similar upper beak structure in the Carnian P. bisinuata in which the lower beaks were apparently similar to that of the co-occurring Lunzoteuthis schindelbergensis and had a widely open outer lamella with posteriorly elongated paired wings joined into a pointed rostrum in the anterior portion.


Abstract The chief argument for scientific realism is the no‐miracles argument, according to which the approximate truth of our current scientific theories can be inferred from their success through time. To date, anti‐realist responses to the argument have been unconvincing, largely because of their anti‐realistic presuppositions. In this paper, it is shown that realists cannot pre‐emptively dismiss the problem of the underdetermination of theory by evidence, and that the no‐miracles argument fails because it does nothing to dispel the threat posed by underdetermination, although it may be effective against other anti‐realistic arguments.


We have built a He magnetic force microscope (MFM), operating at a base temperature of 300 mK with a vector field of Z  9 T, X  2 T, Y  2 T for the three axes, respectively. Our microscope has a capability of scanning multiple samples in a single cooldown. Together with the comparative Meissner technique, this capability allows measurements of the magnetic penetration depth as a function of the doping level, which is important for understanding the nature of the purported quantum critical point within a superconductor dome in high-Tc, pnictides and heavy-fermion superconductors. Here, we show applications of our novel microscope to investigate unconventional magnetic materials and magnetic superconductors after it had been built at IBS-POSTECH in 2014.


Facing the subprime crisis, central banks of many countries deployed Quantitative Easing (QE) to stimulate the economy. Our paper uses daily data of thirteen Brazilian market indicators from February 2007 to July 2015, employing an event study approach together with diverse linear and nonlinear tests to evaluate QE's influence in the returns of these indicators. Results suggest that, regardless of the tests performed, there are strong evidences that QE had an influence in the assets return. However, the first phase had a greater effect on the returns compared to the rest.


In recent years, semantic Web services have become a new application domain over the open, complex internet. Semantic Web services security issues have become extremely important and access control is one of the main strategies for Semantic Web security prevention and protection. The Extensible Access Control Markup Language (XACML) is a platform independent standard based access control policy specification language. It defines rules on authorization decisions from evaluating applicable access control policies. In this paper, we proposed a new access control approach for semantic Web services based on decision support mechanism. This approach combines the XACML access control method and decision support mechanism to integrate the specification of access control and the descriptions of service functionality in a unified framework.


Summary Marginal epithem hydathodes may, in some conditions, absorb water. A toothed leaf margin can be regarded as a water-holding structure. It is suggested that the lack of hydathodes in north-temperate evergreens and in the leaves of rain forest trees is related to the need for such species to reduce foliar water absorption. The high proportion of deciduous species with hydathodes in woodland vegetation is thought to be related to the summer potential soil water deficit in Britain, leaf-absorbed water supplementing water from the soil. The term 'potomorphic' is suggested for leaves with water absorbing structures.


A 73-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for a scheduled percutaneous transcatheter balloon valvuloplasty of a stenotic tricuspid bioprosthesis. The patient had a history consistent with exertional dyspnea, abdominal distension, and edema of the lower extremities resistant to diuretic treatment over the previous few months. Forty-three years prior, she underwent aortic valve replacement with a Starr-Edwards mechanical prosthetic valve, with a mean pressure gradient of 25 mm Hg, for aortic stenosis of rheumatic etiology (Fig. 1, white arrow). Furthermore, three years after aortic valve replacement the patient underwent mitral valve replacement with a bileaflet mechanical valve for mitral stenosis which had a stenotic portion (mean pressure gradient 10 mm Hg) (Fig. 1, black arrow), and tricuspid valve replacement with a Carpentier-Edwards bioprosthesis for tricuspid stenosis (Fig. 1, yellow arrow). On admission, the patient was on atrial fibrillation and physical examination was compatible with right heart failure. Echocardiography demonstrated severe tricuspid stenosis and a mild regurgitation. The mean diastolic gradient across the tricuspid valve was 15.4 mm Hg (Fig. 2A and B). Therefore, we proceeded to percutaneous valvuloplasty of the tricuspid valve using fluoroscopy, under regional anesthesia and sedation, inflating a 15×40-mm Inoue balloon up to a pressure of 15 atm (Fig. 1B).1),2) According to hemodynamic measurements, the gradient across the bioprosthetic tricuspid valve dropped from 13.0 mm Hg before to 6.0 mm Hg after dilation (Fig. 3), and on repeat echocardiography the mean diastolic gradient was decreased to 7.2 mm Hg without worsening of the regurgitation (Fig. 2C and D). The patient's symptoms soon improved; however, two months later she experienced a massive pulmonary hemorrhage while on heparin and acenocoumarol within therapeutic range, and died after a long hospitalization in the intensive care unit.

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3


Ventilation element for a shoe sole of the present invention (173) comprises a sidewall (608). Channel structure (178) formed in the ventilating sole element (173), the channel structure (178) comprises a plurality of passages (181,183,184). At least some of the lateral ends of the passage (181,183,184) formed as an air and moisture discharging ports (182), the at least one channel (181,183,184) of the channel is a plurality of channels (181, 184) intersecting the peripheral channel (183 ). Said channel (181,183,184) and said side walls (608) form a functional column (400, 401); a top surface area (Ap) of the ventilating sole element (173) having a function of column (400, 401) with said passageway ( the ratio between 181,183,184) of the top surface area (Ac) from 0.5 to 5.


Macaroni was produced from wheat flour blended with 0, 2,4, and 6% of the high protein, low starch flours of lupin and defatted soybean. Increased lupin or defatted soybean flours increased volume and weight of macaroni. Macaroni cooking quality decreased with increasing level of soybean flour but increased with increasing level of lupin flour. In addition, the natural amber color of the lupin imparted a desirable color to macaroni whereas increasing the soybean flour level imparted an undesirable grayish color.


To clarify microscopic elastic properties of a Pd40Ni40P20 bulk metallic glass, inelastic X-ray scattering (IXS) experiments were carried out using high-resolution IXS spectrometer installed at BL35XU/SPring-8. Clear longitudinal acoustic (LA) excitation modes are observed in the whole momentum transfer Q range up to ~22 nm-1. The microscopic sound velocity of the LA modes obtained from the Q → 0 limit of the dispersion relation is about 12% faster than the macroscopic value, suggesting the microscopic heterogeneity in the elastic properties of this BMG. In addition, transverse acoustic (TA) modes can be deduced from a detailed analysis of the IXS spectra. The microscopic Poisson's ratio obtained from the ratio of the excitation energies of the TA and LA modes is 0.47 ± 0.04, larger than the macroscopic value of 0.40. Thus, the fragile nature of this BMG already found in the macroscopic sense is much enhanced in the microscopic view.


Hyperspectral anomaly detection represents a crucial application of intelligent sensing, focusing on the identification and localization of anomalous targets. However, the complicated background distribution of hyperspectral imagery (HSI) and the lack of exploration of the intrinsic structure raise enormous challenges for efficient anomaly detection. To address these issues, we introduce the tensor multi-subspace learning strategy with nonconvex low-rank regularization (TMNLR) for anomaly detection in HSI. The HSI is considered as a third-order tensor and is decomposed to background and anomaly, where the tensor subspace and the coefficient tensor are obtained from the background via the tensor multisubspace learning strategy. To improve detection accuracy, the nonconvex low-rank regularization is introduced for suppressing the background, where the optimization process is designed to extract the background coefficient tensor. And the nonisotropic total variation (TV) regularization is jointly implemented to maintain the local spatial similarity of HSI and promote spatial smoothness. Results demonstrate that the proposed framework could achieve an average detection accuracy rate of 97.98% on four real-scene datasets. Extensive experiments validate the effectiveness and robustness of the TMNLR over the comparative methods.


Order-chaos-order was observed in the relaxation oscillations of a glow discharge plasma with variation in the discharge voltage. The first transition exhibits an inverse homoclinic bifurcation followed by a homoclinic bifurcation in the second transition. For the two regimes of observations, a detailed analysis of correlation dimension, Lyapunov exponent, and Renyi entropy was carried out to explore the complex dynamics of the system.


Objective:To observe the effects of prenatal stress on the different gestational timepoints on the mouse hippocampus of adult offspring.Methods:Nissl staining and Brdu immunohistochemistry were used in the model of forced swim stressed gestational mice in this study.Results:The neuron density of the P18group is much higher than that of the P5group in the hippocampus CA2and CA3areas(P0.05);Brdu pos-itive cells were mainly localized in subgranule zone of dentate gyrus,positive cells number in the P5group was lower compared with the normal control(P0.05).Conclusions:Prenatal stress may indirectly affect the stem cells and relative neurogenesis in the hippocampus of adult offspring;the effects of prenatal stress on the hippocampus of adult offspring is related to the beginning time of stress,the earlier the more serious.


This paper introduces an implementation of The Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) based on cloud service message push technology through an instance which explains the implementation procedure. Specifically, Android client establishes XMPP connection and registration through cloud service, the cloud server could actively push messages to user's Android devices based on their demands, which offers better user experience in information service.


This article analyzes the emergence of francophone Canadian literature, its birth and evolution, in three important moments in the literary history of Quebec: origins, approaching the founding texts of


Recent developments have generated considerable interest in an experimental program using the RHIC accelerator in the nucleon–nucleon center-of-mass region –15 GeV. The systems formed in such heavy ion collisions are expected to result in hot and dense matter characterized by higher baryon chemical potential, μB, rather than that produced in collisions at the full RHIC energy. Numerous theoretical results, including attempts to expand lattice QCD calculations to incorporate nonzero values of μB, suggest that a critical point may exist in this region of the QCD phase diagram. Verification of this possibility would establish one of the most significant 'landmarks' in the phase diagram, certainly a major discovery. Early studies of Pb+Pb collisions in this energy range at the SPS at CERN revealed several observables which showed unexpectedly non-monotonic behavior as a function of beam energy. In order to explore this exciting region in more detail, plans are being developed to study this lower energy range using the existing RHIC accelerator and experiments. This proceeding briefly summarizes the status of this project, with particular emphasis on recent developments in accessing the capabilities of the accelerator and experiments.


ABSTRACT In this paper, we propose a methodological intervention for the field of heritage studies: heritage trekking. Involving story-trekking, mapping, and data integration, heritage trekking draws from interdisciplinary approaches to develop a methodology with implications for heritage scholarship and management. We employ heritage trekking in two contrasting case studies: the Epiclassic urban center of El Tajín, Mexico and the Areni-1 Cave in Armenia. Together, the case studies demonstrate how heritage trekking elucidates uses and perceptions of heritage otherwise obscured, as well as the methodology's broader applicability. We conclude by arguing that heritage trekking is a novel methodological contribution to heritage studies with the potential for practical applications.


OBJECTIVE
Rates of online reviews are continually increasing. Coinciding with this, is the beneficial abundance of subjective information that is now available to patients. Such information can be persuasive in selecting a healthcare provider. This analysis of one-and-two-star Google Reviews received by dental practices within the Perth Metropolitan region, aims to identify common themes within dental practice complaints.

METHODS
This mixed-methods study was conducted by gathering reviews from the 'Google Review' feature, which have been published by users between 2013 and 2020. This data was then coded into recognised themes, and crucial quotes were selected and de-identified creating a narrative about the themes present which formed the qualitative component of this research.

RESULTS
A total of 413 negative reviews were included in this study. From these, 1071 specific complaints were identified. Major themes identified included treatment issues, staffing, communication and professionalism, finance, and premise. Spread across these five themes were an additional thirty-eight subthemes. Overall, treatment was a primary concern for patients, making up 37.1% of the results. Within the sub-themes 'treatment dissatisfaction (unspecified)' was also high, at 23.1%.

CONCLUSION
This study identified the most common complaints received by dental clinics on Google Review within the Perth metropolitan area. Further investigation is required to provide supplementary data regarding factors that may influence complaint rates and types, such as the socio-economic status of areas and geographical factors such as distance from the Perth Metropolitan.


We present a proof-of-concept agent-based simulation tool, for use in training by emergency services in Australia, for planning community evacuations in the event of a severe bushfire threat. The tool allows Incident Controller personnel to interactively schedule the evacuation of a town area, by sub-region, and then evaluate the effectiveness of their plan in terms of traffic flow and overall evacuation time. A bird's eye view gives immediate visual feedback as the evacuation unfolds, while a non-interactive mode allows the scenario to be re-run hundreds to times, and results aggregated, to build further confidence in the chosen schedule.