Tropical montane cloud forests (TMCFs) in the Andes, with mild temperatures and plenty of water, boast prodigious biocultural diversity. Runoff from these slopes supports local communities by supplying drinking water and irrigation to growing lowland cities. However, precipitation in the region is sensitive to human environmental impacts and effective conservation planning requires assessing past and future climate changes in local cultural, historical, and political contexts. In particular, Earth System Models (ESMs) suggest a reduction in precipitation over most tropical land, including TMCFs in the Andes during the twentieth century, has been driven largely by increases in aerosol emissions (Wang, 2015). With the exception of the Amazon rainforest, this trend reverses in the twenty first century, with increases in precipitation over Asia, Central Africa, and the tropical Andes, as greenhouse gas-driven changes become the dominant response (Stocker et al., 2013; Kooperman et al., 2018a). Although multi-model mean changes are large, many ESMs show opposing trends on regional scales, and historical observations are limited, leading to uncertainties for past and future changes. Focusing on TMCFs in the Andes, we survey how this reversal of precipitation change in the twenty first century, and its associated uncertainties, may impact the complex interplay of cultural ecosystem services (CES) that TMCFs provide. We seek to highlight the need for transdisciplinary perspectives to understand how recent and future precipitation changes interact with the socioecological systems of Tropandean mountainscapes. We present results from widely-used climate models, which have contributed to the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase Five (CMIP5, Taylor et al., 2012), to highlight the large but uncertain changes in this region. We then assess single forcing experiments, provided by the Community Earth SystemModel (CESM1) Large Ensemble project (Hurrell et al., 2013; Kay et al., 2015), to identify the anthropogenic drivers of precipitation change over the Andes. These results serve to illustrate a global modeling perspective and communicate the need to consider local CES in the development of effective adaptation measures. We argue that understanding societal implications of climate change on TMCF hydroclimates should include past and future considerations of the socio-hydrological dimension as well as the physical climate. In this opinion, we discuss the historic role of fire in cultural practices, the influence of present-day biomass burning aerosol on precipitation, future drivers of precipitation change and local water resource use, to highlight the need for new research at the intersection of these areas.


Today organisations which are operating in a complex environment and network of relationships are engaging in strategic communication effort based on unavoidable dialogue with their stakeholders following a power/impact analysis of those stakeholders. In this article, with reference to the 'Stakeholder Theory' as a strategic management concept, the rationale of organizations grounds of analysing its stakeholders and/or publics of in order to establish dialogue has been discussed with a critical review. To this end, the problematic of defining and framing of 'stakeholders' and 'publics' concepts translated from English and used in Turkish public relations and management literature has been mentioned. On the other hand, how the 'Stakeholder Theory' creates an environment to meet stakeholders' expectations, persuade stakeholders who may pose a problem, and as a consequence operates in accordance with organizational goals will also be analysed. Organisations might also seek concession to maintain hegemony to maximize their own interests and realise the organisational sustainability if required. Stakeholder management is essential for organisations in terms of strategic planning (identification of opportunities and threats), institutional legitimacy and the idea of corporate social responsibility (CSR). 'Stakeholder Theory' and other concepts such as 'stakeholder engagement', 'CSR', 'sustainability' and 'corporate citizenship' in this context, have been designed in order to create a 'corporate ethos' within utilitarian ethics framework, and to provide suitable setting for the implementation of neoliberal economy policies


The ability to determine electric fields at the nanoscale is critical for understanding semiconductor device properties. Until now, fundamental aspects of the electron interaction with the electric potential field have been investigated by employing transmission electron microscopes, especially with electron holography and differential phase contrast imaging (DPC) 1,2. Apart from detecting in-build electric fields, in situ biasing experiments on GaAs and Si p-n junctions have also been performed with electron holography 3,4. However, this approach requires a specialized setup where the primary beam is split into two, wherein the reference wave later interacts with the second wave passing via the specimen.


Current investments in IS/IT are increasingly being deployed across multiple countries and world regions. In this connected global economy, crosssystem integration and collaboration technologies play essential roles and often determine the success or failure of IS/IT systems and projects. The intensive investigation for two decades of different aspects of IS/IT collaboration sets the context of this minitrack. The theme is the integration of people, systems, processes and infrastructure across organizations, borders, nations and world regions to enable productive teamwork toward accomplishing mutual goals. Until now, studies have been almost entirely focused on a single country or region.


Aging involves the integration of the experiences, perceptions and thoughts acquired in the previous stages of life. This integration is an acceptance of an individual's experiences, with all their negative and positive aspects. During this process, older individuals make an effort to cope with various losses and difficulties. Negativities in this process such as the death of a spouse, a decrease in income, deterioration of health, or insufficiency of social security may easily turn into welfare-decreasing areas of struggle for older people and affect the meaning of their life. This study has been designed and implemented with the aim of explaining the meaning of life in older age with objective and subjective indicators of well-being. This qualitative study used interviews to collect data from 10 female and 9 male participants over the age of 65. Data obtained from in-depth interviews with participants about the meaning of life were interpreted with respect to objective (economic well-being, property, health and healthy lifestyle) and subjective (life satisfaction, happiness, interpersonal relationships and family interaction) well-being indicators. It was found that (a) the participating older individuals were unhappy with their economic situation due to their low salaries but they could make ends meet; (b) those who owned property were better off economically; (c) males felt healthier and more energetic; and (d) those whose spouses were alive and who were receiving social support from their children were happier and more satisfied by their lives. Conducted to interpret the meaning of life in older age through objective and subjective well-being indicators, this study is a guide for future studies and practices aiming to better the life conditions of older people.


A survey of IS academics and practitioners was conducted to identify key IS issues. The list of key IS issues used in the survey includes five new issues that were not present in previous surveys. These issues are Software Reengineering and Maintenance, Client/Server Computing, IS Education and Training, the Internet, and IS Ethics and Legal Issues. Due to the transition of IT platforms from mainframes and microcomputers to network computing, telecommunications and network-related issues are ranked high in the survey. The long-term trends in the ranking of issues over prior surveys indicate that the percentage of technical issues in the top ten is rising while the percentage of managerial issues is declining. A comparison of practitioner and academic rankings of IS issues reveals that academics rank managerial and emerging issues higher than practitioners.


The authors have simulated the sediment transports under different flow intensities. The flow field is simulated using large eddy simulation (LES), while the sediment particle motion is simulated using discrete particle method (DPM) and considering the complete set of instantaneous hydrodynamic forces. The authors are to be complimented for this innovative way of modelling the movement of sediment particles. However, a discussion pertaining to the resolution of the turbulence is presented below:


Social Support Rating Scale for Juveniles in Nantong(SSRS for Juveniles in Nantong) is composed of the following components,the formal social support system,the informal social support system,and fifteen independent sources of social support.The questionnaire consists of problem situations based on psychological stress of juveniles and multiple choices based on sources of social support.678 subjects were chosen by stratified random sampling from Nantong,so as to conduct the testing and the examination of reliability and validity.The findings show that the SSRS for Juveniles in Nan-tong is both reliable and valid to some extent,and can be employed as the questionnaire for the rating of social support level among juveniles in Nantong.The informal social support system exerts more functions than the formal one.


Abstract:  The aim of the study was to assess early and long‐term incidence of venous complications, in both deceased donation (DD) and living‐related (LR) liver transplantation (LT) in a pediatric population. Seventy‐five liver transplants performed in 69 (39 boys, 30 girls) children at Ege University Hospital between 1997 and 2004 were prospectively monitored and reviewed. Age, sex, primary diagnosis, graft type, vascular complications and their management were evaluated. All patients received Doppler ultrasonographic examination both during operation and daily for the first three postoperative days and when necessary thereafter. The complications were classified as early and late presented. Thirty‐three grafts (47.8%) were from DD and 36 (52.2%) were from LR donors. Recipients of DD were older than LR donors (mean age 10.5 ± 5.1 and 5.0 ± 0.7, respectively) (p < 0.05). Vascular complication occurrence was not statistically different between DDLT and LRLT recipients (p = 0.2), and between infants and children (p = 0.9). Overall, stenosis was more common than thrombosis. We observed hepatic artery (HA) thrombosis, in five of 75 (6.7%) transplants within 30 days post‐transplant. Portal vein (PV) thrombosis and hepatic vein (HV) thrombosis were detected in six and one patients (8.7% and 1.3%), respectively. Six PV stenosis were identified (8.7%), while HA and HV‐VC (vena cava) stenosis occurred in one and six patients (1.4% and 8.7%), respectively. All PV stenosis (6/33, 18.2%) and one PV aneurysm occurred in DDLT recipients while HV‐VC stenosis were detected almost equally in LRLT and DDLT recipients (4/36 vs. 2/33). Except one, all PV stenosis were detected as a late complication and no intervention were needed. Stenosis of HV‐VC was more common in girls (5/30 vs. 1/39) (p < 0.05) and the incidence was not different in DDLT and LRLT recipients (p = 0.8). In conclusion, overall incidences of thrombosis and stenosis formation after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) were 17.4% and 18.8%, respectively in our center. We suggest that in the cases with HA thrombosis manifested intra‐operatively or within the early postoperative period, graft salvage was successful. Thrombosis of HA causes significant mortality. Thrombosis of PV was among the causes of mortality and morbidity. Stenosis of HV‐VC could be managed by angioplasty and endovascular stenting with no significant effect to mortality.


In the modification of narrow deep soil channels of early urban excavation, because of great depth and steep slope, the gravity retaining wall slope will be needed. The problems of soft soil subgrade treatment at channel bottom have to be solved. Combined with the old channel treatment project of a city, as practical example, the method by which the soft subgrade of channel retaining walls strengthening with pine piles, is described. By application of Coulomb Theory, the stability calculation for gravity pitch-up oblique retaining walls is conducted. The results show that using pine piles is a good method for strengthening the soft soil subgrade with small thickness below the water level.


In order to satisfy the growing need for high-quality video, VVC comes with more efficient coding performance. According to statistical analysis, the level of coding complexity in VVC is tenfold greater compared to that of HEVC, so it is our main goal to study that what methods can be employed to decrease the time complexity of VVC. CU split in intra-frame modes requires the split mode decision by RD loss calculation, and the process of coding makes it to calculate RD calculation for all possible mode combinations, which is an important area that brings complexity to video coding, so in order to achieve our goal. Initially, we introduce an optimal depth prediction algorithm for Coding Units (CUs) by leveraging temporal combination. This algorithm collects depth information of CUs to predict the coding depth of CU blocks. Additionally, we suggest a decision tree-based method for CU split mode decision. With this method, we can make a decision on the CU split mode within the obtained split depth, reducing the time complexity of coding. This decision is based on the predictions from the first algorithm. The results demonstrate that our algorithm achieves superior performance over state-of-the-art methods in terms of computational complexity and compression quality. Compared to the VVC reference software (VTM), our method saves an average of 53.92% in coding time and improves the BDBR by 1.74%. These findings suggest that our method is highly effective in improving both computational efficiency and compression quality.


Chorea Acanthocytosis (ChAc) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease characterized by limb chorea, dystonia, epilepsy and acanthocytosis. The patients have a reduced life expectancy of only around 60 years. This disorder is caused by a loss-of-function mutation of the VPS13A (vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein A) gene, which is the encoding gene of chorein. Normally, chorein stimulates phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), which is involved in the regulation of Ca influx. Oscillations of intracellular Ca concentration regulate, among other cell components, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Emptying of intracellular Ca stores activates the Store-operated Ca entry (SOCE), which leads to a conformational change and opening of the channel through the interaction between the Ca concentration sensor protein, the Stromal Interacting Molecule 1 (STIM1), and the pore-forming channel, Orai1. The Ca channel is known also as Ca release-activated channel (CRAC). SOCE is increased by lithium via stimulation of serum & glucocorticoid-inducible kinase (SGK1), which is responsible in cells for stimulating the expression of Orai1 and STIM1 as well regulating the transcription factor: Nuclear Factor 'kappa-light-chain-enhancer' of activated B-cells (NFкB). Lithium is used in the treatment of bipolar disorders and can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In this study, fibroblasts and neurons of ChAc patients have been shown to have decreased SOCE and an increased rate of apoptosis. Fibroblasts were isolated from six ChAc patients and six healthy donors. In addition, fibroblasts were obtained from three additional patients and healthy donors and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were generated in order to differentiate them into neurons. Western blotting and calcium imaging showed a significant reduction in the amount of Orai1 protein and SOCE, respectively, in fibroblasts and iPSCdifferentiated neurons of ChAc patients compared to healthy donors. RT-PCR showed a significant decrease in the mRNA levels of Orai1 and STIM1 in iPSC-differentiated neurons of ChAc patients. Apoptosis was detected by annexin-V / propidium iodide staining via flow cytometry and was in fibroblasts and iPSC-differentiated neurons of ChAc patients significantly higher than in those of healthy donors. In this study, it could be shown that the treatment of fibroblasts and neurons of ChAc patients with lithium positively influenced SOCE, an effect significantly reduced by the Orai1


Main goal of this master thesis is proposal of marketing communication project of waterproofing membranes for Fatra, a. s. company. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. Theoretical part contains general knowledge of marketing communication for B2B markets, new forms of marketing communication. In practical part of this thesis is company analysed using PESTE, Porter, SWOT analysis and product benchmarking. Based on results is proposed project of marketing communication plan focused on improving marketing communication which deals with costs, time and risk analyses.


This paper presents subjective and objective aspects of the metamorphosis of a 750‐seat concert hall. An example of spartan design and economic restrictions, this hall has undergone an extensive series of acoustical modifications to extend its ability to accommodate a wide range of musical programming.


[ANGLES] This document contains the Master thesis pursued in the R&D department of Smiths Detection (Vitry-sur-Seine, France) between July 2012 and January 2013 in order to obtain the degrees M.S. in Telecommunications Engineering (Ingeniero de Telecomunicacion) by the Technical University of Catalonia (Barcelona, Spain) and the M.S. in Engineering/Diplome d?Ingenieur (major in Image processing and Computer Vision) by the ?grande ecole? Telecom ParisTech (Paris, France). The main contribution of this Master thesis was the design of a successful zoom for noisy X-ray data method in a border security context respecting the constraints imposed by the market: time efficiency and high quality. State-of-the-art techniques in denoising, deconvolution and super-resolution were studied and applied.


The article examines the results of the parliamentary elections in the Netherlands, held on March 15-17, 2021. It compares the results of the leading political parties in the elections of 2017 and 2021, and describes all the leading Dutch political parties that were represented in parliament in the period from 2017 to 2021. The results of the activities of the government headed by the leader of the "People's Party for Freedom and Democracy" M. Rutte, formed following the results of the 2017 elections, are presented. The reasons for the resignation of this government, which took place on the eve of the elections, and its impact on the course of the election campaign are revealed. It was noted how the coronavirus pandemic and the government's actions to overcome its consequences affected the course and results of the election campaign. The activity of the main opposition parties in this country is evaluated: the right-wing Eurosceptic Freedom Party of Wilders, the center-left Labor Party and others. The course of the election campaign and its main topics, as well as the new political parties that were elected to the parliament as a result of these elections, are considered. The positions of the country's leading political parties on their possible participation in the new government coalition are shown. The state of Russian-Dutch relations is analyzed. A forecast is given of how the election results will affect the formation of the new government of this country and the political, trade and economic relations between Russia and the Netherlands.


ABSTRACTThe distribution of chromatin proteins in kidney cells from BDF11 mice transplanted with leukemia L1210 cells was investigated. Electrophoretic profiles from health animals, tumor controls and cis-DDP treated tumor carriers were compared. Specific differences in the nonhistone proteins, histones H1 and the HMG 1/2 chromosomal proteins were detected.


With the exploitation of mineral resources, pollution of the ecological environment in mines has garnered public attention. Particularly,erosion of the surrounding ecological environment re-sulting from heavy metals in tailings pond could be highly concerning. Instead of traditional field sampling and laboratory analysis method, remote sensing can be used to high-precisi es-timation soil heavy metal with less time and effort. soil heavy metal content is generally low, the spectral sensitivities of various heavy metals are insignificant, and the surface landscape is complex, there exist difficulties associated with heavy metal content estimation. Therefore, herein, we propose optimization of the commonly used partial least-square regression (PLS) method. In the optimized method, a variety of remote sensing indices and the modeled heavy metals were added as modeling factors to indirect estimation soil heavy metal. The method was validated via inversion experiments of heavy metals (Ni, Cu, and Zn) in the tailing pond and its surrounding environment,it improve the goodness-of-fit of Ni, Cu, and Zn by 0.0852,0.2291, and 0.2919 compared with traditional PLS. Spatia l analysis was then conducted on the entire studied area using the estimation model of the three heavy metals. It was shown that the results were essentially consistent with the actual heavy metal distribution in the area. Therefore, the indirect PLS model with multiple factors proves effective for the estimation of soil heavy metals. It also provides technical support for treatment and evaluation of ecological environments in mining areas.


Study is devoted to a complete characterization of GaAs/CaSrF2/CaF2 heterostructures. Due to the transparency of CaF2 substrate to visible light, Raman spectra have been obtained at both interface and surface sides of the 2 μm GaAs layer. Moreover, penetration depth of light varying with wavelength allows one to perform a tomography of this layer. The crystalline quality at the vicinity of the surface is analyzed through Raman selection rules for both [001] and [111] growth directions. In the latter case, a stress profile has been realized in order to determine its relaxation into the GaAs layer: It occurs in the first 40 nm from the interface. Finally, this methodology is applied to optimize growth conditions in order to obtain stable highly strained systems. By comparison with photoluminescence data, the Raman probe is shown to be very efficient for this purpose.


The global financial crisis originated from the U.S.subprime mortgage crisis in 2008 constituted a stern test to China's outward-oriented economy.In the course of the crisis,however,China pushed forward its reforms and development by further opening up to the outside and explored and paved a unique path for economic growth,raising its economic relations to a new high.Thus,China seized the opportunity and realized new development.In the post crisis era,China faces major changes in international as well as domestic economic environment.It will be more difficult for its open economy to continue to grow.In the 30 years of reforms and opening to the outside,China always persisted in taking the path of peaceful development.What China seeks in future will remain the win-win result through competition and cooperation with the rest of the world.


as practically to cut tllem off from the rest of the world," and one, moreover, where "1 the excellences of all are used to make up for the deficiencies of each, and the aim of the Colony is to attain to the dignity of a sort of industrial village, where the wlhole of the requirdmenits are met, as far as possible, by* the work of the colonists themselves." Mental deficiency, fortunately, does not necessarily preclude a certain amount of manual skill; and, thanlis to proper training and constant supervision, the inmates of the Hildenborough colony, both male and female, are now able to take an active part in the various industries carried on with such signal success on this clharming estate. A home of a different kind, though no doubt in its own sphere equally useful, is the large orplhanage founded over forty years ago at Clapham by the famous preacher, Spurgeon, a short account of which has been contributed to the Janiuary nuimber of The Child, by the present headmaster, Mr. Vernon J. Charlesworth. The same nunmber of this interesting magazine also contains articles by Drs. Joln Priestley and John Lambert, oni the medical inspection of school children anid the proper cleansing of school buiildings; whilst much useful information may be gathered from Dr. A. S. Cobbledick's remarks on the important subject of defective eyesight in children, and Dr. G. Norman Meachen has given somne valuable advice on the prevention and cure of that scourge of clhildhood-the commlon chilblaid.


According to the actual circumstance of the machine the entity model is simplified,and a mechanical framework model is built up.The 3D finite element analysis method is used to analysis the stress and strain,to found out the weak part,it is tension bolt.Under the load of 65kN,the extension percentage of the framework is 0.01%.The conclusions agree with the actual theory analysis result and actual circumstance.They may guide the design process of the machine.The analysis method has the reference value to finite element analysis of prestressing assembly structure.


A numerical method based on the coupling of the finite difference method in the time domain with the discrete Fourier transform, is presented and is applicable to axially symmetrical resonant systems. An appropriate treatment of the resultant Fourier coefficients provides the frequency spectrum and the spatial distribution of the modes defined in the structure. The validity of the method has been shown by applying it to systems of a known analytical solution: a homogeneous cavity and a cavity dielectrically loaded at its base. >


Knowledge of melt temperature distributions in transfer lines is needed for many polymer fabrication processes. Measurement of actual temperatures with melt thermocouples, however, is very difficult because their signals are influenced by heat transfer with other equipment. A numerical technique is presented here that uses measurements from an adjustable-depth, exposed-tip thermocouple to predict the actual temperature distribution across a polymer stream. This model accounts for heat transfer within the thermocouple assembly and with the polymer stream.


The paper discusses the shortcomings of modifying data in virtual manufacture,provides the solution to expert system for feedback to modify the data of virtual manufacture.In order to filter the data it is necessary to put the data needed to be modified into modification system accurately,and provide Agent filter to realize feedback modification of virtual manufacture data.


1Department of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 2Liver Unit, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Correspondence: Dr Samuel S Lee, Liver Unit, University of Calgary, Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive Northwest, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1. Telephone 403-220-8457, fax 403-270-0995, e-mail email@example.com Received and accepted for publication May 11, 2012 Man may be the captain of his fate, but he is also the victim of his blood sugar – Wilfrid G Oakley, Trans Med Soc London 1962;78:16


The etiology of systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) remains unclear. Pyroptosis, a new model of programmed cell death, was poorly explored in the pathogenesis of SLE. We found cell pyroptosis in CD4+T cells of SLE patients and kidneys from MRL/lpr mice by examining caspase‐1 and gasdermin D (GSDMD) in by RT‐PCR, Western blot, and levels of IL‐1β, IL‐18 and TNF‐α were detected by RT‐PCR and Elisa. Expression of caspase‐1 and GSDMD and levels of IL‐1β, IL‐18, TNF‐α decreased significantly after downregulation of hsa_circ_0012919 (p < 0.05). Inhibition of miR‐125a‐3p enhanced expression of caspase‐1 and GSDMD (p < 0.05), and increased the release of IL‐1β, IL‐18 and TNF‐α (p < 0.05), thereby counteracting the effect of hsa_circ_0012919 knockdown on pyroptosis. Finally, we identified GSDMD as the target gene of miR‐125a‐3p. Silencing GSDMD reversed the effect of 5‐aza‐deoxycytidine in increasing release of IL‐1β, IL‐18, TNF‐α and activating caspase‐1, but it could be reversed by miR‐125a‐3p inhibitor. In conclusion, hsa_circ_0012919 regulated the pyroptosis in the CD4+ T cells of SLE patients by miR‐125a‐3p/GSDMD axis.


Indications for nasal challenge tests with allergens are divided into diagnostic indications, pathophysiological indications and pharmacological indications. It is important to take the following factors into account to ensure that nasal challenge tests with allergens are carried out properly.


The problem of energy resources and energy security supply is one of the global chal-lenges. In this article we touch on the potential of Armenia to resist those challenges and possibilities and prospects of liberal energy market formation. There are some indices characterizing economy and production in this article. In this context the current situation of Armenian energy system as well as the reforms and their results are studied. The forecasts of the demand for electricity and facilities produced in Armenia let us regard our republic as crucial actor on the energy market of the region.


Government regulations and growing concerns regarding global warming has lead to an increasing number of passenger vehicles on the roads today that are not powered by the conventional internal combustion (IC) engine. Automotive manufacturers have introduced electric powertrains over the last 10 years which have introduced new challenges regarding powering accessory loads historically reliant on the mechanical energy of the IC engine. High density batteries are used to store the electrical energy required by an electric powertrain and due to their relatively narrow acceptable temperature range, require liquid cooling. The cooling system in place currently utilizes the A/C compressor for cooling and a separate electric element for heating which is energy expensive when the source of energy is electricity. The proposed solution is a thermoelectric heat pump for both heating and cooling. A model predictive controller (MPC) is designed, implemented and tested to optimize the operation of the thermoelectric heat pump. The model predictive controller is chosen due to its ability to accept multiple constrained inputs and outputs as well as optimize the system according to a cost function which may consist of any parameters the designer chooses. The system is highly non-linear and complex therefore both physical modelling and system identification were used to derive an accurate model of the system. A steepest descent algorithm was used for optimization of the cost function. The controller was tested in a test bench environment. The results show the thermoelectric heat pump does hold the battery at the specified set point however more optimization was expected from the controller. The controller fell short of expectation due to operational restriction enforced during design meant to simplify the problem. The MPC controller is capable of much better performance through


Let k be a perfect field of characteristic p > 2. In this note, we show that the local moduli space of a non-supersingular K3 surface over k with trivial deformation of the associated enlarged formal Brauer group admits a natural p-divisible formal group structure.


A new chevron-notched crack-arrest (CNCA) specimen has been developed for determining the fracture toughness of metals in a more cost-effective manner. The specimen is a hybrid design that incorporates features from the standard K 1a and K 1c specimens. Details of the specimen geometry and associated test procedures are described. Strain gages record the stress state in the specimen, and a clip gage measures the crack mouth opening displacement. The method for extracting arrest and initiation toughness from the measured data is presented. Fracture experiments using the CNCA specimen were conducted to determine K a and K c for A533-B reactor grade steel at 23°C, The K a and K c results from this study were consistent with similar data established for the same material by other researchers. A fractographic analysis identified cleavage as the dominant failure mode during crack propagation, with a conversion to ductile tearing just before arrest.


Submitted for the DPP10 Meeting of The American Physical Society Spatially resolved collective Thomson-Scattering from electron plasma waves CHRIS STOAFER, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, BRADLEY POLLOCK, GEORGE TYNAN, University of California, San Diego, JENA MEINECKE, University of California, Los Angeles, JAMES ROSS, LAURENT DIVOL, SIEGFRIED GLENZER, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory — We present the first spatially and temporally resolved Thomson-scattering measurements of the electron temperature and density from electron plasma wave scattering in laser-produced plasmas. By fitting the Thomson scattering form factor S(k,ω) to the experimental data the density is determined primarily by the spectral separation of the peaks in the scattered spectrum, while the temperature affects the Landau damping and consequently the width of the peaks. The experiments are performed at the Jupiter Laser Facility, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, using a 1 ns square, 1054 nm, 400 J laser focused onto gas jets or foils to create the plasma and a 200 ps, 527 nm (2ω), 45 J laser pulse for the Thomson scattering probe. The 2ω beam probes 2 mm with a spatial resolution of 15 μm, and density scale lengths of 1 mm have been resolved. This allows a measurement of the electron heat transport in laser-plasma interactions. Comparison with hydrodynamic modeling is also presented. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. Chris Stoafer Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Date submitted: 16 Jul 2010 Electronic form version 1.4


We review recent studies that rigorously define several key observables of the large-scale structure of the Universe in a general relativistic context. Specifically, we consider (i) redshift perturbation of cosmic clock events; (ii) distortion of cosmic rulers, including weak lensing shear and magnification; and (iii) observed number density of tracers of the large-scale structure. We provide covariant and gauge-invariant expressions of these observables. Our expressions are given for a linearly perturbed flat Friedmann–Robertson–Walker metric including scalar, vector, and tensor metric perturbations. While we restrict ourselves to linear order in perturbation theory, the approach can be straightforwardly generalized to higher order.


This article aims to introduce the pilot project of constructing the database for Korean Traditional Narrative Songs (Pansori). First we present how we analyze the conceptual structure of Pansori data, and how we classify the data with respect to this structure. Then we show how the three representative data of the Pansori - the dictions, the traditional scores (Jeongganbo), and the modern staff notations - are classified and organized differently into our conceptual structure, and suggest how our database can be utilized by the various researchers. Finally we point out the remaining issues and further works to be done.


Publisher Summary Cereals are major sources of carbohydrate, protein, fiber and other nutrients for humans, being consumed in a wide range of forms in different cultures. In some less developed countries, cereals may form the major part of the diet with little supplementation with plant and animal products, while even in more developed countries, such as Europe, the Americas, and the Pacific rim, cereals may still be major sources of some dietary components, such as selenium and some other minerals. Although three cereal species, wheat, rice, and maize, are dominant over much of the world, over 10 other "minor" cereals are also grown worldwide. These species differ in their composition, end use properties, and utilization. This chapter focuses on wheat, which is the major cereal consumed by humans in Europe and the Americas, drawing wider comparisons and parallels where appropriate. It also introduces the structure and composition of the cereal grain and the technologies available for grain improvement: conventional breeding, mutation breeding, transgenesis, and Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes (TILLING) and discusses cereals' improvement of protein quality and dietary fiber composition, enhancement of nutritionally enhanced proteins, and development of Resistant Starch (RS).


Objective To investigate the mechanical strength and biological absorption and degradation of the home bred poly DL lactic acid screws. Methods An operation had been conducted to create bilateral and lateral femoral condylar fractures in 32 dogs. The left sides were fixed with 2 PDLLA (Mv=43×10 4) screws, and the contralateral sides fixed with 2 metalic screws were used as controls. The animals were sacrificed at 2, 4, 8, 12 weeks after surgery. Roentgenographic investigation, mechanical strength and biological absorption and degradation of PDLLA screws in bone tissues were done. Results The initial shear strength of PDLLA screws was 74.74 MPa, and decreased to 48.71 MPa after 4 weeks ,27.61 MPa by 8 weeks. By 12 weeks, the molecular weight of PDLLA had retained only 11% of the initial value, whereas 86% of the weight still remained. X ray showed that fractures in both groups had been united normally after 12 weeks. Conclusions This kind of home bred PDLLA screw is more suitably used in burden or nonburden cancellous bone fractures and intra articular fractures than the metalic ones.


The present invention provides a steering wheel angle and the rotation angular velocity detecting means in real time with high precision, the optical isolator comprising a linear sensor, said optical isolator and a linear sensor are fixed on the fixing bracket, the ferrule holder is fixed in the steering wheel the outer periphery of the drive shaft; linear sensor is connected to the flexible cable, the other end of the flexible cable is attached to the bottom end of the steering with the steering wheel and rotatable hoop coaxially connected, and a linear sensor positioned to hold the flexible cable between the ferrule a guide wire outer sleeve; hoop is mounted below the fixed gear wheel to the initial position of the needle positioning and fixing block for the quasi-optical isolator. The flexible cable of the linear sensor through the hoop, the guide wire sleeve, mounting bracket to the rotation angle of the steering wheel is converted into a telescopic length of cable after and by the microcontroller acquisition and processing in real time the rotation angle of the steering wheel and the rotation angular velocity, so detection with real-time, high precision.


A large sample (n = 1,799) of Qatari female and male students at the preparatory, secondary, and university levels responded to Likert items about their interest, attitude, and self-efficacy regarding science. The items were similar to those of TIMSS and PISA, but improved upon them in several ways. The findings suggest that Qatari students are positive in their interest, attitude, and self-efficacy, but not as positive as TIMSS and PISA report. The findings raise an important question: If the students' interest, attitude, and self-efficacy are positive, then why do the students have relatively low achievement scores on TIMSS and PISA? The answer may be the instructional methods and conditions of a developing educational system. The present findings have implications for all countries that use TIMSS and PISA, particularly those countries with developing educational systems, rapidly expanding economies, and an increasing need for students in science careers.


By analyzing the economic behavior of political agents using the incentive theory in economics,we can find out the reasons for the inefficacy of external incentives.In principal-agent relationships,incentives have to satisfy certain conditions in order to be effective;in political principal-agent relationships,these conditions hardly prevail,making it difficult for principals to assess the performance of officials and making pecuniary reward.When performance is not accurately assessed,there is moral hazard;when officials are not rewarded financially,there are political objectives in economic behavior.Both add to agency costs and loss of social welfare,resulting in inefficacy of assessment and reward.In the Chinese economy,the problem is reflected in non-economic elements in local government economic behavior.It also points to the importance of internal incentives in a qualified official.


An industrial trial was conducted on a billet-casting machine at Atlas Steel, Canada, during which a mould was instrumented with 52 thermocouples. The measured data of ten heats were collected to determine mould wall temperature profiles for different steel grades at different casting speeds. Based on these data, heat fluxes were calculated with inverse heat conduction model. Heat fluxes for different operating parameters were compared and analyzed.


A diffraction profile can be recorded for only a finite range around the peak. This leads to spurious oscillations in the block-size distribution determined by means of the Fourier transform. The Bertaut [Acta Cryst. (1952), 5, 117-121] correction gives an approximate distribution g1(m) related to the real one g(m) by a convolution product with a function d(m), of the type (sin x)/x. A modified variant of the successive-convolution unfolding method is proposed by considering the convolution product only over a finite size range where the distribution could be non-zero. The method was tested for two hypothetical distributions. A procedure to set the limits of the size interval is suggested.


This article examines the phenomenon of graphic novels generally, and in particular, their utility in second-language contexts via the example of the graphic adaptation of Klaus Kordoris Der erste Fruhling. This text lends itself especially to bridging thematic gaps in 20th-century German literature courses, as well as the "language/literature divide," which is a current topic in language pedagogy. The article provides specific classroom techniques, in-class tasks, and writing assignments that will accommodate the varying student proficiency levels that often challenge instructors in second- and third-year college German courses.


AT THE END OF MY LAST COLUMN, I challenged you to consider how you might be of service to NATS. As promised, here are a number of specific examples of success throughout our Association. These ideas were culled through a survey I conducted with chapter presidents last year. I was particularly interested to know things such as: what is working-how successes in your chapter might help and inspire others; what issues you struggle with as a chapter; how leadership is identified, and how the membership is reached out to and involved.I learned that while many of us share common challenges-busy schedules, geographic distances, funding needs, lack of participation, and a resistance to changing the way things have been done in the past-there is a broad structure of support for members and their students, creative ideas for fundraising, and thriving networking already taking place across NATS.Some chapters are able to provide financial support for participation in NATS programs-to students who advance to our national competitions, or member teachers who are chosen for the Intern Program, for example. One chapter gives a senior scholarship to be used for participation in summer programs or for further education, and another gives extra prizes donated by community sponsors (head shots, sound recording, theater tickets, hair salons, tuxedo rentals, and the like).For some chapters, fundraising can be as easy as putting out a scholarship fund box at events. Other chapters hold ticketed programs that feature singing with receptions. The ideas range from raffles following student winners' recitals to "NATS Cabarets" and "High Tea and High Cs." Local teachers sing on many of these programs, and students and SNATS groups are also often involved-either as servers or as additions to the programs. One chapter raised entry fees, which helped its financial stability tremendously. Members were concerned about a possible decrease in attendance, but participation actually went up, so with their growth they are now able to sponsor additional events.In terms of networking and reaching out to members, I have had heartening feedback. "The camaraderie between our members and between our students at events," comments one teacher, "helps reinforce our group dynamic and strengthen our network-the students inspire each other."One chapter developed a program of mentoring new teachers-in music theater and/or classical techniques. Other chapters are working to increase the understanding and respect for different vocal styles. A roundtable series devoted entirely to repertoire was instituted in another chapter as an oppor- tunity for the more experienced members to mentor newer teachers, and for all teachers to share discoveries. …


A questionnaire was completed by 907 Norwegian women to determine factors motivating them to have cosmetic surgery. A second sample was obtained from 195 prospective plastic surgery patients. Variables included self-esteem; teasing history; social acceptance of cosmetic surgery; self-monitoring, which is associated with greater emphasis on physical attractiveness; and differences between types of cosmetic surgery procedures. Results showed all variables except selfesteem correlated with the wish or decision to undergo surgery. Of these variables, social acceptance of cosmetic surgery and body image were the strongest predictors of cosmetic surgery motivation.


INSIDE This issue of Ochsner's Bioethics Newsletter is sent to all employees via email and is also available on the Bioethics Website. Many have asked about IMESO, and Fr. De Conciliis' article, Spirit in Healthcare, explains IMESO's establishment and the role of spirituality in medical care. Dr. Larriviere's article on neuroethics highlights the ethical issues facing both physicians and the judicial system as this burgeoning field evolves. Ms. Sullivan's Interpreting Ochsner's End-ofLife Policy helps sort out a confusing DNAR situation: an incompetent patient who has no family or advance directive. Dr. Erik Fromme, a palliative care specialist, gave the 3rd annual Bioethics Grand Rounds last month. He spoke about approaching patients and family members who hope for a miracle, and Ms. McFadden's report on the presentation includes a link for accessing this important video. The final article in this issue reviews the new public site for medical ethics you can access from www. ochsner.org. The back cover of the newsletter is a handy resource page you may be interested in printing out and posting. Wishing you all a wonderful holiday season! Joe Breault, MD, ScD, MPH Chair, Ochsner Bioethics Committee Page 2-3 Spirit in Healthcare


There is a close relationship between rolling contacting behavior and the service life of roller bearing.At present,numerical simulation is a main method adopted in the study of dynamic contacting nature of roller bearing.Several key issues are discussed carefully by introducing dynamic finite element models with different parameters based on ANSYS/LS-DYNA.Effects on calculation results from material model,boundary condition and size of element are investigated separately.Numerical simulation results show that those effects can not be neglected in the study of dynamic contacting nature of roller bearing.It finds that roller's maximum stress calculated from the bearing model with rigid inner ring and outer ring is larger than that from the model with elastomeric inner ring and outer ring,and axes displacements in the loading direction also have a larger fluctuation.Both maximum stresses and axes displacements calculated from the bearing model with fixed inner ring and rotating outer ring are larger than that from the model with rotating inner ring and fixed outer ring.And it also finds that size of element has a great effect upon the dynamic result.Maximum stress calculated from the model with smaller size element is larger than the other one distinctly.Conclusions can be used to give some useful references for the study of dynamic contacting nature of roller bearing.


According to the study of population size and distribution of Taxus L.populations,the results have shown that Taxus L.populations stand in a non-natural situation.Reducing the violent disturbance from the human is necessary for the recovery and development of Taxus L.


The therapy of recurrent knee joint effusions of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthropaties (Spa) is still the challenge for rheumatologists. Chemical synoviorthesis and radiosynoviorthesis belong to therapeutic method of proven efficacy. In this study we assessed the effectiveness of this two therapeutic procedures in treatment of patients with RA and Spa with recurrent knee joint effusions. We estimated the impact of two different types of synoviorthesis on the level of chosen indicators of systemic inflammatory process: CRP and fibrinogen. 16 patients (18 knees) with rheumatoid arthritis and 4 patients (7 knees) with spondyloarthropathies treated with chemical synoviorthesis and 16 patients (17 knees) with rheumatoid arthritis and 3 patients with spondyloarthropaties (6 knees) treated with radiosynoviorthesis were evaluated. During 6 months of observation the knee effusion relapse appeared in 10 knees among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (56% treated joints) and in 6 with 7 treated joints among patients treated due to spondyloarthropaties (86% treated joints) after chemical synoviorthesis. The recurrence of knee effusion after radiosynoviorthesis concerned 4 patients' knees with rheumatoid arthritis (24% treated joints). The patients' knees with spondyloarthropaties after radiosynoviorthesis were free of effusion during the time of observation. The level of CRP and fibrinogen increased clinically significant after 48 hours of chemical synoviorthesis. This phenomeReumatologia 2005; 43, 6: 327–330 Artyku3 oryginalny/Original paper


Multimedia speech laboratory can not only train the listening,speaking,reading and writing skills of students,but also promote the all-around development of foreign language teaching.This article is involved with the installation of LINGGE language system,the common problems existing in application and solutions.The implementation of the system can reduce the burden of multimedia language laboratory management and maintenance.The system has a certain value for improving the foreign language teaching.


Compacted vermicular (CV) graphitization cast iron is the name given to graphitization cast iron where the shape of the graphite looks like a vermicular. Castability and the thermal conductivity of CV graphitization cast iron is similar to those of Grey iron, while the strength of CV graphitization cast iron is similar to that of ductile iron. The thin film of diamond-like carbon (DLC) is one of the amorphous carbon thin films. It has various characteristics which are similar to those of diamond, such as high hardness, lubricity, abrasion resistance, chemical stability, electrical insulating properties and optical transparency. In this study, wear characteristics of Graphite Compacted Vermicular (GCV) material were investigated in accordance with changes in DLC coating time. The obtained results are as follows: the microstructure of GCV340 showed complex tissue with eccentric graphite and spherical graphite. The friction coefficient shows under 0.2 in all specimens. After enduring the wear test until 2000 m, the coating layer of the DLC coating specimen of 90 minute hardly showed any damage. It had only partial damage after taking the wear test until 2000 m. The friction coefficient was also the lowest.


In this research, a numerical study has been done to done to clarify the effect of the eccentric annulus of to two horizontal cylinders on the rate flow the behavior of the thermal boundary layer at the entrance. The research includes the study of the effect of the eccentric annulus percentage and its directions on the flow behavior when the internal cylinder. The theoretical analysis of the question includes the solving of Naver – Stoke and energy equations on the supposition that the flow is steady, fully developing hydrodynamic, and in the stage of thermal developing. The question has been numerically solved after the transformation of the Cartesian coordinates to the computational domain by applying body fitted coordinates. The results include a survey of the cylinder surface in many sites of annulus flow, where as it is appeared in that the bouncy force causes the secondary flow behaves none uniformly at the entrance. The Nusselt number average along the two cylinders is decreased with the increase of eccentricity as a result of narrowing in the flow area which diminishes the average of heat transfer quality. We also conclude that the increase of Rayleih number with the movement of the heated cylinder towards low causes the increase of the average of Rayleih number and the laminar flow changes to turbulent flow at the limited region of the entrance when Rayleih number increases or the eccentricity percentage with cylinder movement away from the perpendicular halfway axis but the disturbance vanishes in approaching to the fully developed heated region. A correlation relationship is extracted to find an average change of Nusselt number after the stability of flow in the fully developed region when the diameter of the internal cylinder equals to half of external.


Light curing units, because of their wide field of applications, are now indispensable for an orthodontist or a general dentist, and hence it is very important to be familiar with the various types of light curing units, their history, specifications, advantages, and disadvantages. To find the articles appropriate for this systematic review, a search was conducted in the database PubMed (from 1966 to March 2010) using the terms abstracts of articles identified by the search. All the articles that seemed to meet the inclusion criteria of the systematic review topic were selected and the actual articles collected. The reference lists of the retrieved articles were also hand searched for any applicable studies that may have been missed in the database searches. When selecting curing lights for an office, many variables need to be considered. Armed with knowledge about each curing-light category, orthodontists can evaluate their unique practice style and select the appropriate light or lights. Keywords : Light curing units, types, orthodontics


The invention provides a method for modifying a reservoir stratum by using ground detonation gas, and belongs to the technical field of fracturing modification of oil gas reservoir stratums. The method is realized by equipment which adopts high-energy flow to drive a propping agent into an underground fracturing stratum. The equipment comprises a high-energy gas ejection mechanism, a jetting mechanism, a high-energy gas jet mixing mechanism, a measuring and control instrument and a guide pipeline, wherein the measuring and control instrument controls the high-energy gas ejection mechanism to eject high-energy gas, the jetting mechanism jets a jet stream, the high-energy gas and the jet stream form a mixed fracture medium in the mixing mechanism to enter an underground guide pipeline to reach a target rock stratum and aim at jet holes for jetting, the target rock stratum generates more than three cracks, and the propping agent enters the cracks to form support, so that oil gas exploitation and production are facilitated. The method doesn't depend on the water resource, has no pollution to the reservoir stratum and can be accurately operated and controlled on the ground, the fracturing scale is not limited, a new concept is provided for reservoir stratum modification, the operation is reliable the effect is good by using fracturing stratum equipment, and the method and the equipment are worth of using and popularizing.


In all the kinds of the Chinese sentence patterns of subjects including predicates, the type of "S+V's+N" has an unique style This article analyzed its characteristics and functions from many angles such as sentence constructions, language meanings, language using etc and also compared it with other interrelated sentence patterns So its grammar position in the sentence patterns of subjects including predicates is established


Fixed-point simulation results are used for performance measure of inverting matrices using direct and iterative methods. As direct method the Cholesky decomposition is being used. For the iterative counterpart, the Newton's iteration has been implemented. The fixed-point implementation of matrix inversion is tested and analyzed for both cases. We compare our solutions by using some numerical examples.


Abstract As in most European language areas, a "linguistic cultivation programme" existed in the Netherlands in the 18th century, designed especially for the next generation of great poets, that is, for upper-class boys in order to teach them the grammar, poetic style and rhetoric of Dutch. The seminal texts engaged in this programme, all conceived around 1700, are discussed with special regard to David van Hoogstraten and Jacobus Nylöe. It is shown that cultivation of the language (Sprachpflege) and language teaching (Sprachlehre) are two sides of the same coin. Also, it is argued that such language cultivation and teaching was carried out in order to promote the position of literary Dutch on the international stage of the Republic of Letters. A comparison is drawn with the French (e.g. the Académie française) and the Germans (e.g. the Fruchtbringende Gesellschaft), with whom the Dutch authors shared their elitist and educational goals.


Sparing, the process of rebuilding data in case of disk failure, has been a target of research since early 1990's. The problem that these specific hardware/software control systems typically face in sparing is the tradeoff between serving requests - user's versus internal. If the algorithm favors user requests, in the presence of heavy workloads, the internal data recovery gets preempted resulting in risky delay of the data sparing. On the other hand, favoring internal data recovery requests over the user requests can result in high response times per transaction that are unacceptable for the users of the RAID system. Intelligent, neuro-fuzzy controllers (NFCs) offer a way to improve the control process and enhance the ability of a system to achieve faster system response, while serving the internal requests at the same time. This paper presents the neuro-fuzzy enhancement of the traditional data recovery of a RAID system modeled with a queue system with vacations (QSV). Experimental results demonstrated better balancing between an acceptable response time for the user requests and the time for the data to be redundant again, resulting in both higher user satisfaction and better system reliability.


The apparent hardness and softness of nine samples of compliant materials were scaled by direct magnitude estimation and by cross-modal matches to the apparent force exerted on a hand dynamometer and a finger dynamometer, and to the loudness of a band of white noise. The physical hardness (force/indentation) of the compliant specimens covered a range of more than 100 to 1, extending from a fairly soft sponge to a fairly hard block of rubber. The apparent hardness of the specimens was found to follow the psychophysical power law. Subjective hardness grows as the physical hardness raised to a power. The indicated exponent was about 0.8 for magnitude estimation, about 0.7 derived by calculation from handgrip matches, and about 0.6 derived by calculation from loudness matches. Numerical estimates and cross-modal matches for softness gave functions that were approximately the reciprocal of the functions given for hardness. Hardness is a continuum on which there exists an upper threshold.


The outdoor pipe coil frosting of air source heat pump seriously affects the working efficiency of the equipment. Therefore, a new frost detection algorithm is proposed to optimize the defrosting process. First of all, the image difference algorithm is introduced to remove the interference factors in the image. Then, the brightness correction and denoising of the image are carried out. Finally, combined with image processing algorithms such as contour detection and Otsu multi-threshold segmentation to achieve regional frosting detection, the efficiency and accuracy of frosting detection are further improved. The experimental results show that, compared with the existing methods, the proposed algorithm not only improves the accuracy of frost detection, but also has better treatment effect on light changes and regional frost. Finally, the detection algorithm is added to the defrosting process. Experimental results show that the effect of intelligent defrosting is better than that of current defrosting strategies.


Modern developments in nanotechnology have provided a fantastic foundation for creating a better ultra-high-performing coolant known as nanofluids for many applications in manufacturing and engineering. Numerous scholars have been drawn in by the hybrid nanomaterials' capacity to improve heat transmission more to examine the working fluid. This study uses the mathematical solution to explore the effect of viscous dissipative on the radiative-convective Williamson hybrid nanofluid flow through an angled moving plate with a magnetic impression. Focusing on certain reasonable assumptions, a nonlinear partial differential equation system is developed and then numerically solved using the bvp4c method. It is thoroughly explained how a particular collection of distinctive factors affects the motion features, shear stress, temperature field profiles and heat transfer. The motion declined with increasing Williamson fluid for both stretching and shrinking surfaces. An upsurge profile for energy is showing for radiation impression. The shear rate falls with the inclined plate and increases with the buoyancy impression.


Pavel Machotka spent 5 years on a study of 72 people who were trained in a computer technique, the Adobe Photoshop program, to add various photo images together to create a product. A cluster analysis of their products resulted in seven clusters, indicating different types of paintings. Each cluster has one chapter devoted to it, and includes such clusters as cluster 1, Narrative Informality and Compensatory Longing, to cluster 7, Abstraction, Avoidance, and the Search for Firm Boundaries. The names may seem strange here, but reading the chapters makes clear what the clusters are all about. The data show that people create aesthetic products that can be understood in very different ways (i.e., the seven clusters). Had Machotka stopped with the above it would have been a good study of what kinds of products people create. But he also did psychodynamic interviews with his subjects in what struck me as a study of personality. Each chapter about the seven clusters contains a section called The Psychodynamics of This Cluster, in which Machotka relates the product to the person. Thus, we get to see how a certain kind of personality leads to a certain kind of artistic production. I did a similar thing, on a much smaller scale than Machotka, in a different area than aesthetics, when I related the kinds of tests students do best on—multiple choice or discussion—to their personality as revealed via interviews (Eisenman, 2006). I think this procedure makes a lot of sense for understanding people. Machotka is both a painter and a psychologist. He knows a great deal about painters. So, he relates the kinds of products his subjects produced to that produced by famous painters. Thus, we learn about the artwork of Rousseau, Rubens, Cezanne, and others, and how it can be understood, in part, in terms of one of the clusters. We get a better view than we ever had of why these artists created the kind of art that they did. For example, the first cluster, emphasizing narrative informality and compensatory longings, is consistent with the work of Henri Rousseau (1844–1910), who painted what appear to be fantasies of his: lush jungle scenes with women both clothed and nude, carnivals, etc. Rousseau's art is informal and primitive according to Machotka, who also points out Rousseau's life of poverty and deprivations. The third cluster deals with bold flowing processes and direct expression of emotion, and is consistent with the work of Peter Paul Reubens (1577–1640), whose paintings show self-assurance and swirling brushstrokes, and sometimes depict people as twisting and diagonal, all suggesting the energy and direct emotional expression seen in the people who produce works categorized in the third cluster. The fifth cluster has imposed order, inhibition, and the acceptance of parental standards, and is shown in the work of Marion Milner (1900–1998), a psychologist and painter who tried to paint the proper, correct way, thus inhibiting herself. Eventually, she learned to unleash her emotions and her artwork took on a more primitive, aggressive, and puzzling


This paper presents an empirical analysis of firm-specific employment and wage outcomes for mechanics in the domestic airlines industry. A dynamic contracting model is presented that incorporates both costly employment adjustment and potential gaps between contract wage rates and the opportunity value of workers' time. The model gives a useful description of the employment-output linkage in the data, but is less successful in capturing the dynamic relation between employment, contract wage rates, and wage rates outside the airline industry. Copyright 1986 by American Economic Association.


Studies were undertaken to explore the possibility of inducing micromutations in quantitative characters of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.) after seed irradiation. The characters studied were as follows: pod length, seeds per pod, 100-seed weight, and total plant yield. These characters were analyzed quantitatively to assess the extent of variation in M1, M2, and M3 generations. All characters varied significantly in the M2 generation. In the M3 generation, pod length, seeds per pod, and 100-seed weight were found significant at the 1% level; plant yield was only significant at 20 and 40 kR (1R = 2.58 × 10−4 C/kg) of gamma rays. Gamma ray treatments shifted the mean values of all characters, mostly in a positive direction in the M2 and M3 generations. The range of variability also increased positively. There was a considerable increase in genotypic variances, heritability, and genetic advances indicating the effectiveness of gamma doses in inducing polygenic mutations governing quantitative traits. The...


The males and females of many dioecious plants differ in morphological (Dawson and Geber 1999; Barrett and Hough 2013; Tonnabel et al. 2017), physiological (Juvany and Munné-Bosch 2015), life-history (Delph 1999), and defence traits (Cornelissen and Stiling 2005). Ultimately, such sexual dimorphism must largely be due to differential gene expression between the sexes (Ellegren and Parsch 2007), but little is known about how sex-biased genes are recruited and how their expression evolves over time. We measured gene expression in leaves of males and females of ten species sampled across the South African Cape genus Leucadendron, which shows repeated changes in sexual dimorphism and includes the most extreme differences between males and females in flowering plants (Midgley 2010; Barrett and Hough 2013; Tonnabel et al. 2014). Even in the most dimorphic species in our sample, fewer than 2% of genes showed sex-biased gene expression (SBGE) in vegetative tissue, with surprisingly little correspondence between SBGE and vegetative dimorphism across species. The identity of sex-biased genes in Leucadendron was highly species-specific, with a rapid turnover among species. In animals, sex-biased genes often evolve more quickly than unbiased genes in their sequences and expression levels (Ranz et al. 2003; Khaitovich et al. 2005; Ellegren and Parsch 2007; Voolstra et al. 2007; Harrison et al. 2015; Naqvi et al. 2019), consistent with hypotheses invoking rapid evolution due to sexual selection. Our phylogenetic analysis in Leucadendron, however, clearly indicates that sex-biased genes are recruited from a class of genes with ancestrally rapid rates of expression evolution, perhaps due to low evolutionary or pleiotropic constraints. Nevertheless, we also find evidence for adaptive evolution of expression levels once sex bias evolves. Thus, although the expression of sex-biased genes is ultimately responsive to selection, high rates of expression evolution might usually predate the evolution of sex bias.


Landslides that occur in the littoral zone of a reservoir can directly damage the hydraulic structures and threaten the lives and property around the reservoir. Due to the spatial variability and heterogeneities of rock mass, a limited amount of data obtained from laboratory and in situ tests cannot comprehensively characterize the mechanical properties of rock and soil masses. Therefore, displacement back analysis is often performed to determine the mechanical parameters of rock and soil masses. The spaceborne Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) has proved to be a powerful tool for geodesy in the measurement of landslide movement. However, InSAR can only measure the surface motion of the landslide without the subsurface information. This study uses multi-source monitoring data in the landslide displacement back analysis, including surface InSAR and an internal borehole inclinometer. The identified material parameters and finite element simulation are used to predict the landslide deformation. The case study of the Cheyiping landslide located in the Lancang River basin demonstrates the necessity and feasibility of using multi-source monitoring data in landslide displacement back analysis. The Cheyiping landslide is currently in the creep deformation stage. The decrease in shear strength of rock masses due to the rheological deformation and the change in reservoir water level are the internal and external factors leading to excessive landslide deformation. The numerical modeling can accurately simulate the landslide movement using the identified material parameters. By combing multi-source monitoring data and numerical modeling, the reservoir landslide deformation analysis can help evaluate the landslide deformation state and stability, which is vital for reservoir risk mitigation and the sustainable development of hydropower resources.


The all-optical wavelength conversion technology plays an important role in WDM networks and there have been mature theoretical study on the Semiconductor Optical Amplifier(SOA)-based all-optical wavelength conversion technology.However,it still has a lot of deficiencies in its performance.This paper analyzes and compares the principles and performances of SOA-based all-optical wavelength conversion technologies in different structures and types from the most basic ones to the improved technical schemes and looks into their application prospect and development orientations.The results show that we can improve the performance parameters of all-optical wavelength conversion technology in different aspects by changing the gain characteristic of SOA or system structures.


ABSTRACT Seasonally flooded forests represent a transition between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The Mapire river, a tributary of the Orinoco river, floods its surrounding forests during the wet season (May–December). The soils are very acid and the total nitrogen concentration (0.1%) is only half that found in nearby soils flooded by Orinoco waters. Ammonium-nitrogen predominates in the soil during the flooded period while nitrate-nitrogen concentrations are higher in the dry period. Wide fluctuations in the inorganic nitrogen fractions did not considerably affect the annual course of soil nitrogen. The predominance of mineralization versus nitrification (56 and 5 μg soil month−1 respectively) and possibly the synchronization of nitrogen availability with plant demand could be considered as nitrogen conserving mechanisms. In synchrony with the hydrologic cycle, the seasonally flooded forest studied shows a nitrogencycle where inputs and accumulation are maximized when the system is under minimum stress (dry season). During flooding, the system enters a period of dormancy making minimal use of nutrient and energy to avoid or tolerate anaerobiosis.


An optical interposer comprising a transparent substrate having first and second sides, at least one OED mounted to the first side, at least one reflective surface and at least one groove defined on the second side, and an optical conduit disposed in the groove optically coupled to the OED by the reflective surface.


T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T‐ALL) is an aggressive and heterogeneous disease. The diagnosis is predominantly based on immunophenotyping. In addition to known cytogenetic abnormalities molecular mutations were recently identified. Here, 90 adult T‐ALL cases were investigated for mutations in NOTCH1, FBXW7, PHF6, CDKN2A, DNMT3A, FLT3, PTEN, and RUNX1 using 454 next‐generation amplicon sequencing and melting curve analyses. These data were further complemented by FISH, chromosome banding, array CGH, and CDKN2B promoter methylation analyses. NOTCH1 was the most frequently mutated gene with a 71.1% frequency followed by FBXW7 (18.9%), PHF6 (39.5%), DNMT3A (17.8%), RUNX1 (15.5%), PTEN (10.0%), CDKN2A (4.4%), FLT3‐ITD (2.2%), and FLT3‐TKD (1.1%). In total, 84/90 (93.3%) cases harbored at least one mutation. Combining these data with CDKN2A/B deletions and CDKN2B methylation status, we detected minimum one aberration in 89/90 (98.9%) patients. Survival analyses revealed the subtype as defined by the immunophenotype as the strongest independent prognostic factor. When restricting the survival analysis to the early T‐ALL subtype, a strong association of RUNX1 (P = 0.027) and DNMT3A (P = 0.005) mutations with shorter overall survival was observed. In conclusion, RUNX1 and DNMT3A are frequently mutated in T‐ALL and are associated with poor prognosis in early T‐ALL. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


The search for physics Beyond the Standard Model is the underlying motivation for
the physics programme of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. In this thesis we
will present studies into the Large Hadron Collider phenomenology of dark matter
inspired extensions to the Standard Model, di-Higgs + 2 jet (hhjj) production, CP
violating effects in the Higgs sector, and the use of shape information from top
polarisation measurements in searches for new physics.
Full scans of the parameter space of Simplified Dark Matter models are demonstrated to be viable and allow for intriguing comparisons to relic density constraints.
Strongly self-interacting dark sectors are shown to leave a potentially measurable
imprint on the energy scaling of mediator production. The weak boson fusion induced production of hhjj turns out to be sensitive to a number of new physics
effects, including CP violation in the Higgs sector. The use of top polarisation measurements to discover new physics which predicts polarised resonances is shown to
be an effective way to ameliorate the loss of shape information for kinematically
challenging regions of parameter space.


In the paper,the treatment of phenol wastewater with chlorine dioxide is studied.The effects of additive quantity of the chlorine dioxide, wastewater pH and treating temperature are investigated.The proper treatment conditions are obtained by experiments.


The author tries to resolve а legal issue raised in Serbian court practice: does the norm that prohibits the settlement of a monetary obligation via assignment of claims, in situations where the assignor's account is blocked for the purpose of forced collection, represent by nature a norm: lex plus quam perfecta, or a norm: lex minus quam perfecta (Article 5 of the Law on Payments by Companies, Entrepreneurs and Natural Persons). According to the Serbian Supreme Court of Cassation, the misdemeanour liability for infringement of the prohibition of assignment cannot exclude the absolute nullity of legal transaction as a civil sanction, as specified in Article 103 of the Law on Obligations. On the contrary, the author argues that the repressive and preventive purpose of interpreted legal rule is achieved by the enhanced penalty, while the legal transaction undertaken contrary to the prohibition remains valid and in force.


Thank you very much for downloading europes inner demons the demonization of christians in medieval christendom. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search hundreds times for their favorite books like this europes inner demons the demonization of christians in medieval christendom, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some malicious virus inside their laptop.


In a recent paper Mizusaki et al. have reported on a new model to describe the relationship between electrical conductivity and relative density of highly porous ceramics. A simplified mathematical model was proposed focusing on the thickening of the bottleneck between grains in green bodies with the progress of densification. The model considered a uniaxial string of spheres along the direction of the potential gradient, and a rotating sine-wave function was proposed for the approximation of the cross section. The final relationships remained dependent on a parameter related to the green density of the material. Comparison with experimental data on highly porous La{sub 0.5}Sr{sub 0.5}CoO{sub 3}, BaF{sub 2}, and (ZrO{sub 2}){sub 0.9}(Y{sub 2}O{sub 3}){sub 0.1} was conducted, showing, however, discrepancies especially at relative densities >{approx}0.70. This fact and the comment by the authors that there have been only two other groups proposing in the past mathematical models for the porosity-conductivity correlation have prompted this comment. Indeed there has been extensive theoretical and experimental research work on the microstructure dependence of field properties of two-phase composite materials, from which the electrical conductivity of porous materials is an example.


Learning multiple related graphs from many distributed and privacy-required resources is an important and common task in neuroscience applications. Medical researchers can comprehensively investigate the diagnostic evidence and understand the cause of certain brain diseases via analyzing the commonalities and differences of the brain connectomes predicted from the fMRI data across multiple hospitals. Previous sparse Undirected Graphical Model (sUGM) methods either cannot take full usage of the heterogeneous data while preserving privacy or miss the capability of handling the nonparanormal data, which is highly non-independent and identically distributed (non-i.i.d.). This paper proposes a novel and efficient approach, FEDJEM (federated joint estimator of multiple sUGMs), that trains the multi-sUGMs over a massive network encompassing various local devices and the global center. In order to efficiently process the datasets with different nonparanormal distributions, the proposed federated algorithm fully exploits the computing power of the local devices and cloud center while federated updates ensure that personal data remain local, thus defending the privacy. We also implement a general federated learning framework for multi-task learning based on our method. We apply our method on multiple simulation datasets to evaluate its speed and accuracy in comparison with relevant baselines and develop a strategy accordingly to balance its computation and communication abilities. Finally, we predict several informative groups of connectomes based on the real-world dataset.


Summary As part of the national programme of epidemiological and virological surveillance of influenza in the last three seasons, in the Apulia region the incidence of influenza and vaccination coverage rate have been evaluated and the virus strains have been identified. The clinical-epidemiological surveillance has seen the involvement of an increasing number of "sentry" doctors and a consequent increase in the percentage of the population being monitored ‐ from 1% in the 1999-2000 season, in which 32 general practitioners (GPs) were involved, to 5.7% with the involvement of 154 GPs and Paediatricians (Ps). Each doctor notified weekly the number of influenza patients (ILIs) among their patients. At the same time as the clinical-epidemiological surveillance, virological surveillance was also carried out on a limited number of biological samples taken from patients meeting ILI criteria, which were used to identify the types of flu virus by cellular cultures on MDCK cells and molecular biology techniques (PCR). During the three seasons that were examined, numerous influenza viruses were found to be in circulation. A progressive increase was also seen in the level of vaccination coverage rate, reaching 68.1% during the 2001-2002 season. The increase in the level of vaccination coverage rate and the enhancement of the network of clinical-epidemiological and virological surveillance were shown to be of fundamental importance for the monitoring and prevention of influenza.


The square-planar nickel (II) complex of composition [Ni(bae)]·½H2O (1) [where H2bae is bis(acetylacetone)ethylenediamine] has been synthesized by [2 + 1] template condensation of acetylacetone and ethylenediamine in the presence of NiCl2·6H2O and characterized. An X-ray structure determination of the complex has been completed. Average Ni-N and Ni-O distances are, respectively, 1.86(2) Å and 1.849(14) Å. N···N bite distance and bite angle are 2.627(6) Å and 87.2(2)°, respectively, for the five-membered chelate ring. The water molecule forms hydrogen bonds with O atoms of two complex molecules.


String matching also referred to as string searching algorithm, is a class of string algorithms that try to find a place where one or several strings (patterns) are found within a larger string or text. Hashing is any welldefined procedure or mathematical function that converts a large, possibly variable-sized amount of data into a small sized-datum, usually a single integer that may serve as an index to an array. It's also mathematical process that converts a message (document) into a unique "message digest" that represents the original message. A hash function will not produce the same message digest from two different inputs.


Importance Healthy nutrition and appropriate supplementation during preconception have important implications for the health of the mother and newborn. The best way to deliver preconception care to address health risks related to nutrition is unknown. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial designed to study the impact of conversational agent technology in 13 domains of preconception care among 528 non-pregnant African American and Black women. This analysis is restricted to those 480 women who reported at least one of the ten risks related to nutrition and dietary supplement use. Interventions An online conversational agent, called "Gabby", assesses health risks and delivers 12 months of tailored dialogue for over 100 preconception health risks, including ten nutrition and supplement risks, using behavioral change techniques like shared decision making and motivational interviewing. The control group received a letter listing their preconception risks and encouraging them to talk to a health care provider. Results After 6 months, women using Gabby (a) reported progressing forward on the stage of change scale for, on average, 52.9% (SD, 35.1%) of nutrition and supplement risks compared to 42.9% (SD, 35.4) in the control group (IRR 1.22, 95% CI 1.03–1.45, P = 0.019); and (b) reported achieving the action and maintenance stage of change for, on average, 52.8% (SD 37.1) of the nutrition and supplement risks compared to 42.8% (SD, 37.9) in the control group (IRR 1.26, 96% CI 1.08–1.48, P = 0.004). For subjects beginning the study at the contemplation stage of change, intervention subjects reported progressing forward on the stage of change scale for 75.0% (SD, 36.3%) of their health risks compared to 52.1% (SD, 47.1%) in the control group (P = 0.006). Conclusion The scalability of Gabby has the potential to improve women's nutritional health as an adjunct to clinical care or at the population health level. Further studies are needed to determine if improving nutrition and supplement risks can impact clinical outcomes including optimization of weight. Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT01827215.


In this study, a halotolerant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Asph2 was used to bioremediate oil polluted seawater with total petroleum hydrocarbon content of 5 g/L in a batch system using a local, readily available, and commercial nutrient, corn steep liquor. P. aeruginosa Asph2 expressed good biodegradation capabilities for different petroleum hydrocarbon components, recording ≈ 58, 64, 56, 55, and 53% for total petroleum hydrocarbon, saturates, aromatics, asphaltenes, and resins, respectively, within 21 days of incubation at 30°C, pH 7, and 150 rpm. P. aeruginosa Asph2 proved good uptake of crude oil with high production of rhamnolipid biosurfactant. The produced biosurfactant exhibited low surface tension of 36 dyne/cm, low critical micelle concentration of 20 mg/L, and good emulsification index E24 of 55%.


The precise understanding of "classical theism" varies somewhat within analytic philosophy of religion. Sometimes it is understood as something like a synonym for generic Christian theism (in contrast to deism or pantheism or the theisms of other world religions). Alternatively, the label is often understood by reference to a specific understanding of the doctrine of divine simplicity (namely that promulgated by such figures as Augustine, Anselm, and Aquinas) and the larger conception of God which flows from it. The latter usage of the label is quite common within the recent literature, such that classical theism in this sense is viewed as competing with other prominent ways of conceptualizing Christian theism, notably panentheism, theistic personalism, and open theism. Where does the Palamite understanding of God (normative within Eastern Orthodox theology) fall within a contemporary taxonomy of Christian theisms? I seek to answer this question. By way of a literature review consulting representative contemporary sources on the various alternative theisms plus Palamism, I clarify the distinctive commitments of each position and draw out their assorted conceptual relationships and interconnections. I then go on to suggest that Palamism is uniquely well-situated to function as a bridge-builder and corrective force within the current literature, capable of dialoguing productively with the aforementioned range of Christian theisms.


Abstract. This paper reports the development of reversed magnetic shear (RS) plasmas with a large bootstrap current fraction (fBS) towards reactor relevant regime, especially lower q95 regime. By utilizing large volume configuration close to the conductive wall for wall stabilization, the beta limit of RS plasmas is significantly improved. As a result, high confinement RS plasmas with large fBS exceeding no-wall beta limit are obtained in reactor relevant regime, where βN~2.7, βp~2.3 is achieved with reversed q profile with qmin~2.4, and then HH98y2~1.7, ne/nGW~0.87 and fBS~90% are also obtained at q95~5.27.


viii
ABSTRACT
Wiratama, Lukman. Students Registered Number. 3213113097. 2016. SlangUsed inBlack EyedPeas' in the E.N.D album. Sarjana Thesis. English Education Department.Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training.Stated Islamic Institute (IAIN) of Tulungagung. Advisor: Dr. Erna Iftanti, S.S, M.Pd
Keywords: Slang, Black Eyed Peas, The E.N.D Album.
Language is crucial instrument for human being both in everydaycommunication.In communication there aretwo kinds of language, they are formaland informal language. People use the formal language when they are in formal situation, and they will use informal language when they are in informal situation. Basically, to determine a context is using a variety of formal orinformal can be seen from the selected of vocabulary. One characteristic of informal languages is the use of slang language. Slang is an informal words or phrases and expressions that are not used in general. Slang language can be used in the daily conversation especially in the informal situation, in the song lyrics, in the poem, movie subtitle and other. In this case the writer would like to analyze the use of slang in the song lyrics.
The formulation of research problems are: 1) what are thecharacteristics of slang used in Black Eyed Peas' in The E.N.D album, 2) what are the meanings of slang found in Black Eyed Peas' in "The E.N.D album.
The purpose of this study were: 1) To know the characteristics of slang used in Black Eyed Peas' in"The E.N.D album" 2) To find out the meaning of slang found in Black Eyed Peas' in"The E.N.D album''.
Research Method: 1) the research design in this study was library research with qualitative approach 2) the data source of this research was the Black Eyed Peas in the E.N.D album 3) the technique of data collection of this research was documentation, 4) the step of data analysis were: collecting Black Eyed Peas'song, selecting Black Eyed Peas'song, reading and understanding the lyric, identifying, noting down the data and clasifying them.
The first result of this study showed that there are four characteristic of slang used in Black Eyed Peas, they are (a) creativity, (b) flippant, (c) fresh, (d) Onomatopoeic. Fresh is dominant in this Black Eyed Peas' in The E.N.D album. There are 20 words consist of fresh. Further, 16 words that consist of creativity, 7 words for flippant, and the last is 3 words consist of onomatopoetic. The second finding is the meaning of slang language in Black Eyed Peas' in The E.N.D album. Learn and understand the meaning of language, especially slang, many provide something interesting about communication. Many others out there booing a language but do not know what the group stated. By studying this slang, the writer became aware of the importance of understanding the taboo language. Using slang going to make your English much more diverse and even a little more interesting.


Over the last 2 decades there has been an explosion of interrelated research on adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), the impact of trauma on development, the effects of chronic stress on the body, and how toxic stress can be embedded in DNA. These studies confirm that exposure to adversity can derail development and yield negative health and well-being outcomes across the lifespan. A significant proportion of the world's population experiences chronic health challenges associatedwith trauma, adversity, and stress secondary to the effects of a global pandemic, forced migration, conflict, food insecurity, and other matters. With the global burden of disease increasing, root causes must be explored. Currently, ACES, trauma, and chronic stress are not explicitly identified within the existing standards that guide physician assistant (PA) education and training. And yet, global stressors abound, many of which have been exacerbated by COVID-19 (Figure 1). It is projected that, worldwide, the number of children living inmonetarypoor households has increased by more than a million as a result of the pandemic, and the number of people experiencing hunger increased by up to 161 million. Additionally, recent data from the Office of Immigration Statistics report that approximately 41,000 total refugees entered the United States (US) in 2019 and 2020, and an additional 46,000 were granted asylum during that same time period. PAs need to be aware of the impacts of ACEs and how to practice trauma-informed care (TIC). This article provides empirical rationale for the inclusion of ACEs and trauma content in PA education and further provides strategies for programs to begin to integrate this content into their courses and training curriculum more broadly.


This chapter examines the class identity of both publicans and patrons of gastropubs, as well as the greatly diminished but not eliminated gender differences in the use of the bar. The importance of female dining customers to the economic health of pubs is highlighted, and the differences in male and female sociality are explored. The largely middle-class character of gastropubs is highlighted, and the confinement of social mixing to the upper and middle classes, as well as a small proportion of the lower middle and skilled working class is documented. The provision of traditional English bar food and the widespread embrace by customers of Sunday roast dinners is linked to a lingering English national identification.


Let H be a finite dimensional Hopf algebra over a field and A an H-module algebra. The H induces an action on the CA#H(A) by adjoint and CA#H(A)H= Z(A # H) = C,where CA#H(A) denotes the centralizer which algebra A in A # H and Z(A # H) the center of A # H.The aim of this paper is to discuss ,the Galois conditions on the centralizer CA# H(A).We prove that CA# H(A)/ZA # H is H* -Galois if and only if CA# H(A)# H/CA# H(A) is H-separable). Furthermore , if H is a finite dimensional semisimple Hopf algebra and CA# H(A)# H is an Azumaya C-algebra or A # H/A is H-separable, CA# H(A) satisfies the double centralizer property in CA# H(A)# H, CA# H(A)/C is separable and there exists a cocommutative left integral t ∈∫1H,then CA# H(A)/C is H*-Galois.


The present dissertation had two main objectives. The first objective was to investigate the development of naive biological reasoning among typically-developing (TD) children and children with high-functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder (HF-ASD). Secondly, the potential link between biological motion understanding and the ability to form the animate-inanimate (A-I) distinction in both TD and HF-ASD children was evaluated. The first study examined the development of the A-I distinction among typically-developing 4- and 5- year-old children, and established that around 5 years of age children are able to form taxonomic A-I categories. Interestingly, when given the opportunity to form categories based on either taxonomic or thematic rules many children switched to categorizing thematically.
 The second study examined another aspect of naive biology, namely the ability to identify biological motion among TD children and children with HF-ASD. This study was the first to compare point-light and schematic presentations of biological motion. The point-light biological motion task required children to identify degraded motion of a human, a cat, a bicycle, and a truck. The schematic biological motion task tested whether children associate expansion-contraction motion with the animate category. Across both motion identification tasks children with HF-ASD were unimpaired in identifying biological motion. The final study investigated the development of naive biology among children with HF-ASD and also sought to determine whether motion perception is linked to the formation of A-I concepts. Children with HF-ASD were unimpaired in their ability to form broad A-I categories. In contrast to what has been found during the infancy period, TD preschool children did not prioritize motion cues when forming A-I categories. Rather, it is hypothesized that pre-school children rely on more global representations of naive biology that include other non-obvious attributes of animates. Similarly, among children with HF-ASD no relationship between prioritization of attention to biological motion and children's ability to form the A-I distinction was found. However, children with HF-ASD who engaged more in the active process of visually comparing biological and non-biological motion were better at forming A-I categories. Taken together, the results of these studies indicate that children with HF-ASD were unimpaired on multiple aspects of naive biological reasoning, specifically, A-I taxonomic category formation and the identification of biological motion. Additionally, the results of this research also suggest that while TD infants rely on motion cues to guide the formation of A-I categories, school-aged children use more global representations of naive biology that include other perceptual cues and features.


The paper presents the main findings of a research conducted at an Asia Minor post-refugee urban neighborhood located at the Greater Piraeus Region within the metropolitan area of Athens. The research took place from October 2022 to January 2023. The main findings of the research outline the issue of urban conservation in terms of urban collective memory. The paper explores the contemporary physiognomy of an urban Asia Minor refugee settlement that comes up against dereliction, uncontrolled building activity and demolitions of the old refugee houses. To explain the significance of these settlements, the paper combines literature review and field work. Field work includes original cartographic depiction of the exact location of the remaining refugee houses as well as documentation through original drawings of typical housing units in the area. The aim of the paper is to put in the forefront the issue of declaration in terms of collective memory in cases where the socio-cultural significance counterweights the architectural value of the buildings.


In this short note, we have given a short proof for the existence of the Haar measure on commutative locally compact hypergroups based on functional analysis methods by using Markov-Kakutani fixed point theorem.