Objective To explore the ras homolog gene C (RhoC) on the proliferation and invasion properties of cholangiocarcinoma cell line(QBC939). Methods The RhoC cDNA was transfected into human cholangiocarcinoma cell line(QBC939) with lipofectane.The cell growth curve was made to determine the inhibitory rate of cells, flow cytometry was used to analyze the changes of cell cycle of the tumor cells, boyden chamber was made to detect the invasive ability of cells before and after the gene transfection. Results RhoC cDNA could enhanced the growth of cholangiocarcinoma cell, and their invasiveness increased, compared with those before transfected. Flow cytometry showed lower percentage of transfected cells in G1 phase than that of untransfected cells. Conclusion RhoC gene can enhance the abilities of proliferation and invasion in cholangiocarcinoma cell line in vitro.


We study the ground state pair-correlation properties of a weakly interacting trapped Bose gas in three dimensions by using a correlated many-body method. The use of the van der Waals interaction potential and an external trapping potential shows realistic features. We also test the validity of shape-independent approximation in the calculation of correlation properties.


A 34-year old female patient with the tumor stage of mycosis fungoides was treated (monotherapy) with roferone A (Switzerland). The treatment was carried out during 1 year. Complete remission lasting for more than 32 months was attained. This significant clinical effect as a result of interferon monotherapy without chemotherapeutic drugs and corticosteroids was attained for the first time in Russia.


This research investigates how paywall suspensions affect subsequent subscription decisions and how the patterns of content consumption moderate such effects.


Hospital information system (HIS) building, aimed at applying the latest information and technological achievements, medical and management process with the actual needs of the information as an important hospital resources, centralized management, a hospital information. Raise the level of management, decision-making, so that hospitals in the high economic efficiency, high-quality development.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is not only to design a more effective recommendation system for libraries, but also to eliminate many of the weaknesses found in the existing library recommender systems.Design/methodology/approach – A novel library recommender system was designed for English collections by integrating personal ontology model and collaborative filtering model with domain specification.Findings – The trend of the traditional library is evolving toward that of digital library. The personal ontology recommender (PORE) system offers a friendly user interface and provides several personalized services.Research limitations/implications – This system is only implemented and tested in the Library of National Chung Hsing University in Taiwan.Originality/value – The paper demonstrates a good methodology to offer an active, effective, and personalized recommendation system for library patrons.


Typed pages from Campbell's Reminiscences and documents relating to the civil war during the year 1865, published in 1877, relating to the account of Jefferson Davis sending a "commission" to the White House to discuss peace.


A real univariate polynomial is hyperbolic if all its roots are real. By Descartes' rule of signs a hyperbolic polynomial (HP) with all coefficients nonvanishing has exactly $c$ positive and exactly $p$ negative roots counted with multiplicity, where $c$ and $p$ are the numbers of sign changes and sign preservations in the sequence of its coefficients. We discuss the question: If the moduli of all $c+p$ roots are distinct and ordered on the positive half-axis, then at which positions can the $p$ moduli of negative roots be depending on the positions of the positive and negative signs of the coefficients of the polynomial? We are especially interested in the choices of these signs for which exactly one order of the moduli of the roots is possible.


To observe the clinical effects of combined Chinese westem medicine in the treatment of postgastric stomach paralysis, 36 cases were treated by western medical routine therapy and "Liumo Decoction" and " Dachengqi Decoction",Results: Thirty-six cases were all cured:the stomach function restored between 3-19 days, with the average time of 10. 6 days and shorter than the regular 23. 6 days; half-year to two-year survey of 32 cases found no relapse.


Abstract We extend most of the results of generic vanishing theory to bundles of holomorphic forms and rank-one local systems, and more generally to certain coherent sheaves of Hodge-theoretic origin associated with irregular varieties. Our main tools are Saito's mixed Hodge modules, the Fourier–Mukai transform for $\mathscr{D}$ -modules on abelian varieties introduced by Laumon and Rothstein, and Simpson's harmonic theory for flat bundles. In the process, we also discover two natural categories of perverse coherent sheaves.


The finite element method and the beam propagation method are demonstrated to be particularly suitable for precisely modeling the propagation into novel fibers such as transverse-Bragg-grating photonic-band-gap fibers or holey fibers. Modes patterns observed at the output end of each kind of fiber are described.


Multi-Anode Microchannel Array (MAMA) detector systems are being fabricated and tested for use in the Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation (SUMER) and the Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer (UVCS) instruments on the ESA/NASA Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) mission. The SOHO MAMA detector systems have formats of 360 x 1024 pixels and pixel dimensions of 25 x 25 sq microns and are optimized for operation at Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) wavelengths between 40 and 160 nm. In this paper we report on the initial results of measurements of the performance characteristics of the first flight-configuration detector system employing the new custom Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) which are designed to improve both the dynamic range and the uniformity of response. The performance characteristics of this detector system are compared with those of earlier breadboard systems employing discrete-component electronics circuits.


I developed a set of stereo contour maps generated from high quality DEMs to visually analyze geomorphological features in detail. The stereo contour maps together with a stereo slope map are more intuitive and efficient for interpretation of tectonic geomrphology than any existing thematic maps. A DEM visualization feeware, SimpleDEMViewer is used to generate 2D thematic map and 3D anaglyph map. The 2D contour map is superposed by elevation tints, slope gradation and hillshading to emphasize pseude-3D effect and micro topography. The image size of raster contour map must be adjusted according the mesh size of DEMs, contour interval and slope, and therefore multiple 2D maps are recommended to depict the variety of topography. 3D stereoscopic image in anaglyph makes a substantial visual effect to interpretation of contour maps. Stereo contour maps are superior to depict geomorphic surface features, such as alluvial plain, fan, terrace surface, and moun-tain and volcano slopes. Stereo slop map is superior to highlight geomorphic line features, such as lines of ridge, valley and small scarp, and micro topography smaller than a contour interval. In the active fault surveys without younger sedimentary layers, it is desired that the new method is developed to assess the fault activity using the fault rocks in the basement rocks. To achieve this, it is important to understand the characteristic features of the fault zones not only active faults, but also the faults terminated their activities recently. We studied the fault zone of the Median Tectonic Line (MTL) in Yoshino, Nara, and compare its results with those of the active faults. The MTL is the active fault in the west of the central part of the Kii peninsula, in which the fault activity is terminated recently in the east. In this eastern area, Okada and Togo (2000) show the fault which terminated its activity until 300 ka in the active fault maps. Sangawa and Okada (1977) reported an exposure of fault zone that makes a border of the Early Pleistocene Lower Shobudani Formation and the Cretaceous Izumi Group, and that is covered by the Middle Pleistocene Upper Shobudani Formation unconformably. Based on the sedimentary ages of their formations (Mizuno and Momohara, 1993), the MTL in this area is terminated until 1 to 1.2 Ma. The fault exposure reported by Sangawa and Okada (1977) is covered by concrete presently, we studied the fault exposures 13 km east and 1 km west away from the previous exposure. In the former exposure, the fault gouge zone with ca. 1 m thickness strikes E-W. The Izumi formation is in the northern side of the fault zone, in which no exposure in the southern side. The Izumi Formation in this exposure is mainly mudstone. Bedding plane is subholizontal in the host rock, in which foliation is subvertical in cataclasite near the fault gouge. Composite planar fabric in foliated cataclasite indicates the uplift of the southern side. In the latter exposure, the fault gouge zone with ca. 10 cm thickness strikes E-W and condition. Surface ruptures occurred with the 1896 Rikuu earthquake in the northern part of the eastern margin of the Yokote Basin fault zone in Akita Prefecture (the Shiraiwa, Ota, and Senya faults). However, the accurate traces of surface ruptures were not settled especially around the Takayashiki area, Shiraiwa fault. In this study, we found a new outcrop of the Shiraiwa fault which moved associated with the Rikuu Earthquake and revealed that the surface traces of 1896 faulting was convexly curved to the upstream ward in the valley floor. This study is a part of "the Comprehensive evaluation of offshore fault information project" by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT). The project composes three themes, 1) Collecting seismic survey data and building a database, 2) Data processing and analysis using unified methods, and interpreting faults utilizing the processed seismic sections, 3) Building fault models from the interpreting results and simulating strong motion and tsunami utilizing these models. Here, we present the interpretation of the fault distribution in the Japan Sea and re-processing to trace faults. Various research institutes have conducted seismic surveys over the decades in the Japan Sea. The dense seismic survey data has been collected and provided us an opportunity to observe seismic data from multiple surveys at the same time. This gave us a great advance to investigate and evaluate submarine active faults. The past seismic survey data was re-processed using state-of-the-art data processing methods for obtaining high resolution seismic profiles. In particular, it is important to remove multiple reflections and we specially paid attention to apply the algo-rithm for demultiples. The revised seismic profiles defined clearly the geometry of subsurface structure, and provided us better understanding to determine fault system and shape. Since the fault models for simulation require parameters of length, strike and dip angles and depth, a velocity model for entire seismic data must be constructed to convert seismic section in depth unit. With the depth section we carry quality control of the interpretation results and evaluate their spatial distribution. Discussion includes demonstration of the fault interpretation on representative seismic sections from Tsushima-Kita Kyushu area to off northern tip of Hokkaido. in the north eastern area especially reverse faults in the earthquake zone of the Nihonkai-Chubu earthquake extend at depth near the Moho. On the other, those reverse faults in landward are in large scale but extend at depth near Upper-Lower crust boundary. Lateral strike-slip faults are developed in the Sanin coast area, and fault-related-fold structures are observed. Those structures were developed under compressive stress field after the opening of the Japan Sea and following lateral stress field was much dominated to form lateral slip. In Kita Kyushu coast area, fault belts, which composes small strike-slip faults, develop forming echelon structure. As studies on 2005 Fukuoka earthquake suggest that those small individual faults could cause interrelated earthquakes, it is very essential to argue the possible occurrence pattern of interrelated earthquakes to build fault model. Along the boundary range of the Niigata plain and the Echigo Mts., the Kushigata Mts. fault zone and the Tsukioka fault zone are distributed in the NNE-SSW direction, and Ikeda e t a l . [2002] call them for the Eastern Boundary Fault Zone of the Niigata Plain (EBFZNP). The EBFZNP is a part of the eastern margin of the northern Fossa Magna, and is distributed along the Shibata-Koide tectonic line proposed by Yamashita [1970]. The Niigata plain is a very thick sedimentary basin of which the thickness is over 6000 m. On the other hand, the basement rocks are exposed at the Echigo Mts. and the Niitsu hill (anticline) has been developed in the west of the Tsukioka fault zone. A high-resolution seismic reflection survey across the Tsukioka fault [Kato e t a l . , 2013] revealed that this fault is a bedding-slip fault which develops along the unconformity between the Miocene base and the basement rocks. Because the geological structure around this region has encountered heavily tectonic deformation, it has been uncertain that how active structures on the surface is related in the subsurface each other. The purpose of this study is to reveal the characteristics of the EBFZNP through gravity anomalies. We report here the results of a dense gravity survey in and around the EBFZNP and the characteristics of the EBFZNP obtained from gravity analysis. We conducted a gravity survey from 1st to 9th, September, 2014 in and around the EBFZNP. A Scintrex CG-3M Mts. fault zone and the Tsukioka fault zone, and that the Niitsu anticline is an asymmetric structure with gentle western flank. This study was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 26400450. This study area belongs to the Northern Fossa Magna region. In this area, folding deformation due to the fault activity at the time of the earthquake has been reported[Okamura,Y., Ishiyama ,T.,2002]. Long wavelength deformation of the geomorphic surface, such as folds and flexures, the paradoxically is the constraints of underground shape of fault.Therefore, by revealing the details of long-wavelength topography deformation, it is considered to contribute to the understanding of the fault underground shape and evolution. Standing of the above perspective, We have conducted tectonic geomorphological studies on the eastern part of Takada Plain and Echigo Plain, in order to reveal Late Quaternary crustal movement estimated from the formation process of fluvial terraces. In the poster presentation, We shall report on these results. is EW-trending, south part of Boso This fault zone consists of North Kamogawa graben fault and South Kamogawa graben fault. The recurrence period and slip-rate of Kamogawa lowland fault zone has not been clarified until now. We performed high-resolution stratigraphic survey to confirm a formation, distribution, and displacement of coastal area of the Kamogawa lowland fault zone. Survey area divided into two sub-area 1) Hota area (North-West side extension of the fault zone). 2) Kamogawa area (South-East side extension of the fault zone). We describe results for each sub-area as follow: < Hota area > We have carried out the seismic survey with NS direction survey line. Acoustic transparent layer with poor internal reflection was covered in this survey area. And acoustic basement exposed to the seafloor in spots. < Kamogawa area > We have carried out the seismic survey with NE-SW or NS direction survey line. Acoustic basement exposed to the seafloor in North part and South part of this area. We recognized the steep escarpment of trending EW and continuing about 3km long. And also tilting structure with NE direction in dip is observed around the coastal side. These two s


On July 8, 1980, the Galveston district of the u.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) issued the permits required for the construction of an onshore deepwater port. The proposed port expansion project has been the subject of extensive controversy and litigation. The primary conflict has centered on the exclusion of a worst case oil spill analysis, as required by recent Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) regulations. A rational-deductive approach to this decision leads to the conclusion that the economically and environmentally favored choice would have been to include the worst case analysis in the initial Environmental Impact Statement (EIS). Because of changes in oil import conditions and prices, the project has probably been delayed to such an extent that it is no longer economically viable. This discrepancy leads to important generalizations about agency decision making. The utility and necessity of the worst case regulation are also explored.


In this paper,open-pit mine in Fuxin East Dump reclamation for the study of corn,an analysis of mineral fertilizers on the open-pit mine dump soil physical properties improved effect.The results show that the different treatment of the gravel content of the soil under the slightly lower content of sand to peat content in the highest,followed by zeolite,fly ash and control;soil natural water content,field capacity,wilting coefficient and the effective water content are peat deal with the most,followed by sequencing zeolite,fly ash and control;Under different fertilization in maize soil moisture throughout the growing cycle Juncheng "M"-shaped trend;Sort for size bulk peat Zeolite fly ash control,total porosity and capillary porosity for the size sort peat zeolite Fly control of non-capillary porosity of fly ash is reflected in the largest and the smallest peat;control,peat,zeolite and fly ash to the water storage capacity of 1126 t/hm2,1366 t/hm2,1270 t/hm2 and 1224 t/hm2,the effective storage capacity,respectively 246 t/hm2,236 t/hm2,250 t/hm2 and 270 t/hm2,capillary water holding capacity,respectively 880t/hm2,1130 t/hm2,1020 t/hm2 and 954 t/hm2.


Machine learning has been successfully applied to improve the efficiency of Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) solvers. However, the learning-based solvers often suffer from severe performance degradation on unseen MILP instances -- especially on large-scale instances from a perturbed environment -- due to the limited diversity of training distributions. To tackle this problem, we propose a novel approach, which is called Adversarial Instance Augmentation and does not require to know the problem type for new instance generation, to promote data diversity for learning-based branching modules in the branch-and-bound (B&B) Solvers (AdaSolver). We use the bipartite graph representations for MILP instances and obtain various perturbed instances to regularize the solver by augmenting the graph structures with a learned augmentation policy. The major technical contribution of AdaSolver is that we formulate the non-differentiable instance augmentation as a contextual bandit problem and adversarially train the learning-based solver and augmentation policy, enabling efficient gradient-based training of the augmentation policy. To the best of our knowledge, AdaSolver is the first general and effective framework for understanding and improving the generalization of both imitation-learning-based (IL-based) and reinforcement-learning-based (RL-based) B&B solvers. Extensive experiments demonstrate that by producing various augmented instances, AdaSolver leads to a remarkable efficiency improvement across various distributions.


We study the transport properties of a quasi-two-dimensional diffusive normal metal film attached to a superconductor. We demonstrate that the properties of such films can essentially differ from those of quasi-one-dimensional systems: in the presence of the proximity induced superconductivity in a sufficiently wide film its conductance may not only increase but also decrease with temperature. We develop a quantitative theory and discuss the physical nature of this effect. Our theory provides a natural explanation for recent experimental findings referred to as the ``anomalous proximity effect''.


The distribution of the Holarctic Gnaphosa orites is presented, including its southernmost record in the Russian Far East. G. orites has the broadest geographical range in terms of latitudinal distribution among all known Gnaphosa species: from 43° to 70°N. Notes on its biology and diagnostic photographs of the habitus and copulatory organs are provided.


It is inevitable that certain value assumptions will underlie any curriculum proposals and an important task of the curriculum theorist is to justify these. But as we seek to identify, examine and justify the value assumptions which support our curriculum proposals we find ourselves caught up in a chain of infinite regress. Value assumptions underlying the curriculum are related to value assumptions underlying our general theory of education and these are reified within the formal structure of educational institutions and systems. Value assumptions underlying our general theory of education are related to an amalgam of value assumptions which a society makes about the nature, function and status of knowledge, the relationship of knowledge to human development and the relationship of the individual to society. These value assumptions, in turn, reflect, through the values and beliefs embedded in its culture, that society's value assumptions about the nature and destiny of human beings and the significance o...


Previous work optimizes traditional active learning (AL) processes with incremental neural network architecture search (Active-iNAS) based on data complexity change, which improves the accuracy and learning efficiency. However, Active-iNAS trains several models and selects the model with the best generalization performance for querying the subsequent samples after each active learning cycle. The independent training processes lead to an insufferable computational budget, which is significantly inefficient and limits search flexibility and final performance. To address this issue, we propose a novel active strategy with the method called structured variational inference (SVI) or structured neural depth search (SNDS) whereby we could use the gradient descent method in neural network depth search during AL processes. At the same time, we theoretically demonstrate that the current VI-based methods based on the mean-field assumption could lead to poor performance. We apply our strategy using three querying techniques and three datasets and show that our strategy outperforms current methods.


It is important to adopt a two-level (university and college) management system in the process of pushing ahead the reforms of institutions of higher education. Students management in universities and colleges faces new situations with new problems. Thus, new challenges and new tasks emerge. To improve the students management, this paper states some opinions of the changing ideas, instructing service under new circumstances.


Abstract : It is frequently necessary to construct large engineering works of improvement in the surf and nearshore zone to protect harbor entrances, recreational beaches, and navigation channels. Shallow-water surface-gravity waves breaking on the structure during construction will cause bottom material to be suspended and transported from the region by longshore or other currents that may exist. This removal of material is often not compensated by an influx of additional material, and the result is a scour hole, or erosion, which usually develops along the toe of the structure. In order to ensure structural stability and functional adequacy of the works of improvement, any scour area must be filled with nonerosive material (sufficiently stable to withstand the environmental forces to which it will be subjected). This may result in additional quantities of material being required during construction which can potentially lead to substantial cost overruns. The objective of this study is to develop techniques to minimize and control scour during nearshore construction, and to predict the probable magnitude of scour that may result as a function of the wave climate.


In order to give full play to the role and value of higher vocational counselors in student management and improve the student management level, this paper analyzes the situation of higher vocational student management development and points out the role of ideological and political education in higher vocational student management as well as the effective strategies to integrate ideological and political education into higher vocational student management, so as to provide reference for relevant personnel.


616Background: In this study, we analyze outcomes after the use of high-dose radiation therapy (RT) in management of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) at a high-volume center. Methods: We performed a...


On expounding the intension of information management,the characteristics of internet information and the influence of internet surroundings on the libraries,this paper puts forward some ideas on how to adjust the libraries' management to fit the internet surroundings.


For the common questions in practice,the author exploited the project managements(PM) system in standardized training of residents physicians.A PM based standardized training allowed the students to automatically practice clinical work in certain extent;the process and result of the clinical project were evaluated as main indicator.The results was approved that the method helped to motivate study,improve the clinical skill master,and build effective communication in residents physicians.


In cooperative property rights systems, workers jointly own and manage production, whereas in outside-ownership systems, an owner contracts workers. Despite a rich literature on how the allocation of property rights matters for specialization, efficiency, and equity, little causal evidence exists. During a land reform in El Salvador in 1980, the military government reorganized properties owned by individuals with cumulative landholdings over 500 hectares into cooperatives; properties below this threshold remained as outside-owned properties. Using the discontinuous probability of cooperative formation, I provide evidence on the effects of cooperative property rights relative to outside ownership on specialization, productivity, and worker equity.


Abstract Although the post-mortem interval (PMI) is essential in forensic sciences, dating skeletonized remains is a complex task for forensic scientists, not only because of the lack of reliable methods that currently exist for its estimation but also due to the variability of the cadaveric decomposition process, which involves a series of factors. Weathering and breakdown of remains progresses with time, from cracking to loss of shape, and is accepted to occur in observable stages. When dealing with buried remains, these processes will take longer because many of the most destructive agents will be shut out. Burial represents a unique environment which has not been examined often. This study analysed bone weathering (weight loss, grease, degradation, fractures and flaking) of the atlas, axis, humerus, femur and first metatarsal of 86 individuals recovered from a Portuguese cemetery plot. Sex, age-at-death, burial period and storage period were taken into account, but several problems may have affected the outcome of the study. However, PMI estimation based on weathering is not reliable, confirming that burial contexts create distinct micro-taphonomic environments.


Employee's voice has a significant effect on the wellbeing of employees and it is a valuable factor in an organization's functions. The main intention of current research is to explore the connection of employee voice with organizational justice and its ultimately impact on organizational performance. Banking sector of Lahore (Pakistan) has been considered as target population. 15 bank's branches were selected randomly for conducting the research. Overall 220 questionnaires were distributed. 190 questionnaires were returned back and used for analysis. Results demonstrated the direct positive influence of organizational justice on employee voice and organizational performance. Moreover, results showed that the employee voice partially mediates the relationship between organizational justice and organizational performance along with its two dimensions (sales growth and profitability). These results will be very helpful in fostering the efforts of HR specialists towards formulating and embedding the employee's voice mechanism in service sector.


This research aimed to assess the potency of intracanal cold therapy in diminishing postoperative endodontic pain. PubMed, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, the Web of Science, grey literature, and endodontic journals were used to identify randomized controlled clinical trials evaluating postoperative pain after a final irrigation with a cold irrigant (as an experimental group) and a room temperature irrigant (as a control group). The risk of bias was rated according to the Cochrane Collaboration's tool and the Grading Recommendation Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system was used to estimate the evidence quality. For the meta-analysis, a random effects model was utilized. The qualitative analysis contained 16 studies and the quantitative analysis contained 9 studies. The experimental groups showed a reduction in postoperative pain at 6 h (mean difference (MD) = −1.11; p = 0.0004; I2 = 72%; low quality evidence), 24 h (MD = −1.08; p = 0.003; I2 = 92%; low quality evidence), 48 h (MD = −0.38; p = 0.04; I2 = 81%; low quality evidence), and 72 h (MD = −0.69; p = 0.04; I2 = 90%; low quality evidence). A higher quality of evidence from more clinical trials is needed.


New facilities for high-temperature containerless processing in space are described, including the acoustic levitation furnace (ALF), the high-temperature acoustic levitator (HAL), and the high-pressure acoustic levitator (HPAL). In the current ALF development, the maximum temperature capabilities of the levitation furnaces are 1750 C, and in the HAL development with a cold wall furnace they will exceed 2000-2500 C. The HPAL demonstrated feasibility of precursor space flight experiments on the ground in a 1 g pressurized-gas environment. Testing of lower density materials up to 1300 C has also been accomplished. It is suggested that advances in acoustic levitation techniques will result in the production of new materials such as ceramics, alloys, and optical and electronic materials.


The primary goal of this paper is to investigate the training of recurrent networks for control and signal processing applications. This paper first a characterizes a class of network architectures that are well suited for the incremental learning of nonlinear multivariable dynamic mappings, and then presents a general, computationally efficient algorithm for training this class of recurrent networks. The learning algorithm is a local modification of the Extended Kalman Filter that views the network as a parametric model of a nonlinear dynamic system. Computational efficiency of the learning scheme is achieved by exploiting local properties of the network architectures. The ability of this algorithm to train recurrent networks successfully is demonstrated by way of two examples.


The effects of quaternary chlorpromazine HCl (QCPZ) and the tertiary parent compound chlorpromazine hydrochloride (CPZ) on the central nervous system were investigated in male rats and mice. CPZ was much more potent than QCPZ in inducing depressant effects on spontaneous activity of mice, forced motor activity of rats, continuous shock avoidance of rats, and potentiation of hexobarbital sleeping time in mice. Neither compound significantly altered the threshold of convulsive seizures induced by either pentylenetetrazol or strychnine. Although quaternization of the CPZ molecule at the terminal side chain nitrogen produced a decrease in central nervous system activity, the resulting compound was much more toxic than CPZ.


Diseases caused by Rhizoctonia species take the first place in the list of the most common and destructive diseases in turfgrass areas in our country and in the world. Waitea circinata var. circinata Warcup & P.H.B. Talbot (anamorph period: Rhizoctonia sp.) is one of the most important species that causes disease in the turfgrass areas of the genus Rhizoctonia. In this study, surveys were performed in parks and gardens, refuges, stadiums and golf courses in 8 provinces of Turkey with the largest turfgrass areas and isolations were made from yellowed, stained, burnt, dried leaves, yellow-brown ring patches. As a result of the morphological and molecular identification studies, 62 W. circinata var. circinata isolates were obtained. Disease severity values of the obtained isolates were found between 90-100%. In the disease control studies, the effects of combinations containing different fungicides and plant activators against the disease and an effective and environmentally friendly control program was tried to be created against the disease. As a result of the studies, it was concluded that alternating aplication of the recommended dose of the activator (Arthrobacter sp.) and the first sub-dose of the fungicide (Prothioconazole + Spiroxamide) would be hopeful in the control against the disease.


The article provides a theoretical analysis of the role of work in the correction of people with disabilities due to intellectual disabilities. Different types of work in special institutions are outlined. The role of work in the education and development of people with disabilities due to intellectual disabilities is now particularly important due to the difficulties in preparing them for practice. In Ukraine, state and public systems of educational institutions and establishments have been created and are constantly developing, in order to cover all people with disabilities. An integral part of this system are special institutions where people with disabilities who have certain deviations of physical or mental development can study, get educated, prepare for independent life and socially useful work. People with disabilities should be oriented about the role they play in the work force of the society; in that they should provide useful and affordable work. This is done in order to prepare themselves for socially useful activities, they must see the main goal to be pursued in the learning process. In the system of pedagogical measures to influence the psyche of a person with a disability due to intellectual disabilities work is one of the most important means of correcting intellectual disabilities. The corrective value of employment for people with disabilities due to intellectual disabilities is that work greatly contributes to the education of positive personality traits. It is known that people with intellectual disabilities make poor use of work skills in new situations. Work contributes to the application of knowledge and skills acquired during training in practical activities outside the institution.


This paper systematically summarizes the main types and design theories of current commonly-used pile foundation,describes several common pile foundation design methods including structural mechanics methods and unitary analysis methods,with a view to guide the pile foundation designers to considerate every link,to design rationally,and to guarantee the economy and security of the pile foundation.


A comprehensive two-dimensional model was developed for studying dynamics in a gas—solid bubbling fluidized bed. In the model, gas and solid phase are treated as two interpenetrating continua. So a two-fluid model is presented. And a software model which is used to simulate the bubble frequency, the bubble velocity and the bubble length is added into CFD software. The software model was wrote by author. Numerical simulation was carried out for simulating the fluid dynamics in a bubbling fluidized bed with uniform air injected at the bottom of the bed by using CFD software. The simulation results are analyzed and compared with the experimental data reported in literatures. The bubble frequency, the bubble velocity and the bubble length of the simulation results were tally with the experimental data.


The development of e commerce in Indonesia is increasing rapidly, it requires businesses to be able to adapt to adopt online sales. One of the largest platform currently used by internet users is the android. The purpose of this study to create an online sales application. Advances in technology requires that the company can adapt to these advancements, it is intended to simplify the business processes. This research is expected to help the company in order to facilitate the sale transaction with Android based. Keywords: online sales; android.


The balance and cycling characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus for Wangjiagou small watershed of Fulin district in Three-Gorges Reservoir region were analyzed based on the investigation data of agricultural activities and monitoring data of runoff N and P loss during a complete cropping year.The average input and output of N and P(by weight of elemental N or P) for the cropped soils in the watershed was 816 and 115 kg/ha·a and 462 and 32 kg/ha·a,respectively,thus resulting in a surplus of 354 and 83 kg/ha·a,respectively.Chemical fertilizer,crop straw returning and application of animal manure and domestic wastes were the major input sources of N and P for the cropped soils,contributing 72.3%,14.7% and 8.1% of the total N input,and 82.9%,9.2% and 7.4% of the total P input,respectively.The harvest of crop economic products was the major output sources of N and P from the cropped soils,accounting for 46.2% of the total N output and 98.0% of the total P output.In contrast,runoff loss accounted for only 3.5% of the total N output and 2.0% of the total P output.The rates of chemical fertilizer loss through runoff were 2.7% for N and 0.7% for P.Among the three major agricultural land uses in the study watershed,tuber mustard system had the largest effect on the balance of N and P of the cropped soils,contributing 61.9% of the surplus N and 79.9% of the surplus P;followed by the maize system with a contribution of 32.8% and 19.9% to the surplus N and P,respectively;the rice system contributed only 5.3% and 0.2% to the surplus N and P,respectively.Therefore,a full account and rational application of fertilizers from various sources to reduce the surplus of N and P in upland cropped soils(especially for tuber mustard and maize systems) is the key to mitigate the adverse effect of agricultural activities on environmental quality in the study watershed.


Studies of the monkey pod moth, Polydesma umbricola Boisduval, were conducted in the laboratory and field. This pest is a serious defoliator of the monkey pod tree, Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merrill, in Hawaii. The imagos of Polydesma laid eggs near the tips of the terminal twigs. Newly emerged larvae fed on the tender foliage of these twigs. There were 6 larval instars. Beginning with the 3rd instar, larvae spent daylight hours hiding under bark. The distribution and abundance of larvae depended mainly on the quantity of bark on the trunks and the amount of new foliage. Young larvae secreted silk threads from their spinnerets and suspended themselves from twigs by them. This habit, and the discharge of a fluid from a saclike, eversible gland on the prothoracic sternum, seemed to be their only means of defense. Pupation occured in cracks and crevices in the bark. The total duration of the immature stages averaged 36.2±8.3 days. Each female laid 391±89 eggs. Older larvae and imagos were nocturnal. Larvae came out of their hiding places after sunset and crawled upward to the terminal twigs, where they fed until just before sunrise, when they moved down the trees. Experiments conducted in the laboratory and field showed that 3rd- to 6th-instar larvae and imagos were negatively phototactic.


In order to develop systems with a high level of quality and low costs it is necessary to have adequate testing tools and methods. We believe that the definition of a requirements catalog is one of the steps in such direction. This work presents a requirements catalog for information systems model-based testing that can be used as a basis for improving methods as well as a guide for the development of new methods and tools. The catalog was prepared based on the literature of the area and on the experience of several information systems developers.


In this paper, a comparison of several time domain, non data aided (NDA) joint coarse timing offset and fine carrier frequency estimation algorithms for the DVB-T (2k mode) based SFN system are analyzed. The goal is to achieve a timing estimate that avoids intersymbol interference (ISI) in the receiver and a carrier frequency estimate with a small error and standard deviation compared to the subcarrier spacing so that the intercarrier interference (ICI) is negligible in the receiver. Simulations have been performed for four different SFN configurations for fixed and portable reception.


Learning is a cognitive process requiring classification and categorization. Learning disabled students deficient in these areas need assistance specifically directed at improving their abilities to classify and categorize. The article describes research and a classification/categorization model for instruction which offers the promise of helping teachers address student needs in these areas.


Taking as a point of departure the Freudian notion of the "Unheimlich" and Jacques Lacan's theory on the "ex-timate," this paper will focus on the symbolic materialisation of the intimate, as a reflection of the split identity of the subject, and of the subject's negotiation of the castration complex. This will be considered in relationship with the specific aesthetics of the obscene Guy Maddin deploys in the first film of what he defined as his 'autobiographic' trilogy, Cowards Bend the Knee (2003), an aesthetics that raises the question of individual and artistic responsibility, as well as of the viewer's own responsibility. The Lacanian notions of the vacuole and jouissance will be explored in terms of what may be seen as their interpretive representations in the film, together with Lacan's interpretation of Freud's Vorstellungreprasentanz and the Un-begriff.


Inrush current of transformers at the time of switching has many destructive effects on the power systems, so, many researches are being done to estimate the value of it accurately. This phenomenon depends on the non-linear and complicated magnetic characteristics of the transformer core. Unfortunately there is no unique and comprehensive modeling approaches for this problem. In this paper, we propose a plenary model for transformers applying the Preisach model which is a capable one for representating the magnetic behavior of the ferromagnetic materials. The proposed model is able to analyze the transient events such as, transient inrush current and harmonical performance of the transformers. The suggested algorithm minimizes the problems associated with applying the Preisach model into a transformer connected to any external circuit properly.


Apparatus, and an associated method, for providing notification of communication resource allocation to perform an EDGE-based, or other, data radio communication service. A matrix representer forms a matrix representation of communication resource allocations made across a plurality of radio carriers. A bit map constructor constructs a bit map of the matrix representation. And, an RLC header is formed that includes a header extension that is populated with the assignment bit map.


Although noise in hospitals is widely recognized as a problem, there has been little work to characterize hospital noise reported in the literature. From the literature that does exist, it is clear that noise in hospitals poses problems for patient safety, increases staff stress, and is a leading source of complaints by patients and visitors. It is also clear that few hospitals currently meet the recommended noise limits of the World Health Organization or the US EPA. In this paper we present the first round of results of a noise study at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, MD. Some interesting characteristics of the noise include its high level, its unusually flat spectrum through the speech range, and its relative invariability with location.


A quantum-mechanical calculation of the probability of an elementary exoelectron emission (EEE) act from a NaCl crystal is made. The mechanism previously suggested by the authors is used, according to which the emission takes place at the expense of the energy released at exoenergetic reactions between defects. The calculations are made for the particular case of annihilation of the F-centre with a negative halide atom. There is good agreement between theory and experimental results.

[Russian Text Ignored]


The paper sums up the background of Particle Flow Code in 2 Dimensions(PFC2D), compares the differences of PFC2D from the other numerical methods, and introduces procedures to solving problem using PFC2D. Some examples used in geotechnical engineering are presented.


Dependable and secure computing has grabbed the spotlight and has pioneered the fusion between dependability and
security since 2000. The field of dependability has progressed to be an internationally active field of research. The
objective is to explicate a set of attributes that includes reliability, security, safety, availability, confidentiality,
integrity and maintainability. Due to the increasing reliance on computer systems in most societies, the field is of
growing importance. It has control over the physical access to the hardware and also provides protection against
harm that may come via network access and code injection. Malpractice done by operators,
whether intentional, accidental, or due to them being tricked can also be controlled. Also the rapid increase in
mobile applications, computers, and wireless networks has modified the characteristics of network security. A series
of Internet attack and fraudulent acts on individual network and companies have shown that open computer
networks have no immunity from intrusions. The purpose of the paper is to provide review of the existing literature
available in the dependable and secure computing domain. The paper also presents an overview and study of the
network security metrics with several security threats, security issues, security solutions and currently used
methodologies to overcome it.


Currently, the traffic management technology used in vehicle dynamic weighing is gradually matured. However, in China, the existing technology has not been widely used in practical detection. The main reason is the high cost of the existing weighing system which has to destroy a short road during its construction, at the same time, requires arranging a lot of cables to form a monitoring network. This is not only harmful to vehicular traffic, but also wasteful in manpower and financial resources. This paper develops a wireless smart aggregates array based on the protocol for Zigbee802.15.4 and the passive piezoelectric structural health monitoring (SHM). By measuring the vehicle with various loads, the test is performed to validate the proposed Wireless Smart Aggregates Vehicle Dynamic Weighting System (WSA-VDWS). The experimental results are consistent with the results of actual conditions. The developed system is stable and reliable, which is able to be applied in real-time online tests of vehicle dynamic weighting monitoring.


Summary

The effect of different osmotic pretreatments on cashew apple drying kinetics and product quality were investigated. The osmotic pretreatment was carried out in an incubator at constant temperature and agitation. The drying process was conducted in a fixed bed dryer at different temperatures and constant air velocity. Experimental data were fitted successfully using the Page and the two-term exponential models for dried fresh and pretreated fruit, respectively. It was found that drying rates of osmosed fruits decreased owing to the presence of infused solutes. Evaluation of the final product was performed by means of ascorbic acid content, water activity and sensorial test. The osmotic pretreated samples showed the highest vitamin C losses and the lowest water activity. The samples pretreated in sucrose solution had the highest acceptance.


Ionizing radiation and basic principles of X-ray generation Image formation Image receptors Biologic effects of radiation Radiation protection Film processingthe darkroom Infection control Intraoral technique: the paralleling method Accessory radiographic techniques: bisecting technique, occlusal projections Panoramic radiography Extraoral radiographic techniques Digital radiography Newer imaging systems Patient management and special problems Film mounting and radiographic anatomy Radiographic interpretation: caries and periodontal disease Pulpal and periapical lesions Developmental disturbances of teeth and bone Bone and other lesions Legal considerations


Acommon model for security price dynamics is the continuous-time stochastic volatility model. For this model, Hull and White (1987) show that the price of a derivative claim is the conditional expectation of the Black-Scholes price with the forward integrated variance replacing the Black-Scholes variance. Implementing the Hull and White characterization requires both estimates of the price dynamics and the conditional distribution of the forward integrated variance given observed variables. Using daily data on close-to-close price movement and the daily range, we find that standard models do not fit the data very well and that a more general three-factor model does better, as it mimics the long-memory feature of financial volatility. We develop techniques for estimating the conditional distribution of the forward integrated variance given observed variables.


Objective: To observe the effect on Tangzu Heji on diabetic foot rat with blood stasis syndrome and to investigate the mechanism in it. Methods: Combination of streptozocin injection and reduction of ambient temperature was used to duplicate diabetic foot rat with blood stasis syndrome. 60 Male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups as normal control group, the low temperature control group, diabetic foot group (model group), three groups of Tangzu Heji treatment with high, medium and low dose respectively. In the first three groups the rats were given normal saline, and in the latter three treatment groups the model rats were given Tangzu Heji as 60gkg, 30g/kg, 15g/kg weight, respectively. After two weeks of treatment, the changes of the weight, water intake, blood glucose, blood rheology, acral gangrene symptoms, Choroid blood vessels of the sublingual and ear, serum vascular endothelial growth factor changes were observed. Results: After two weeks of treatment with Tangzu Heji, compared with the model group, a marked increase in body weight, decrease of water intake were happened to the rats in treatment groups. Erythrocyte aggregation index in the low-dose treatment group decreased significantly (P0.05). Fasting blood glucose, high, middle and low shear whole blood viscosity and erythrocyte aggregation index and acral gangrene symptom score in the high-dose and middle-dose treatment groups decreased significantly (P0.01), serum vascular endothelial growth factor concentration significantly increased (P0.01). Compared with pre-treatment, water intake decreased significantly (P0.05), fasting blood glucose and acral gangrene symptom score decreased significantly (P0.01), body weight of the rats in high-dose treatment group significantly increased (P0.05). Conclusion: Tangzu Heji had treatment effect on diabetic foot rat with blood stasis syndrome. Tangzu Heji may block the development process of diabetic foot through decreasing the blood glucose, and promoting angiogenesis around the collateral vessels, increasing blood supply and improving the ulcer healing by decreasing the blood rheology parameters, enhancing blood circulation and increasing the level of serum vascular endothelial growth factor.


The drilling engineers are overmild with huge amount of data-points, argue the need to develop Artificial Intelligent (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) models to crunch these huge amount of data generating decision-like information. There are a lot of challenges developing such approach, varying from computational power, lack of subject matter experts, and develop the optimum algorithm. But the main bottleneck is the quality of the data. Regardless of how advance AI/ML model, if the data is bad, the model will generate bad result; garbage-in garbage-out. The scope of this paper is to use metaheuristics models to improve the data quality. The process start by extracting Hook-Load drilling real-time data. And explore the raw data quality using visualization and statistical methods. Then apply several Metaheuristics models to generate functional approximation equation that identify/ follow the trend of the good-quality data. This will be by employ multiple scenarios with different degree of randomness that lead to the highest matching which generate the high quality level. The process will cover different technique including Greedy, Hill-Climbing, Random Search, and Simulated Annealing. During this process hundreds of thousands of scenarios will be conducted to simulate the Hook-Load data, to identify the optimum functional approximation equation that match the best data quality. Which can then safely integrated into the advance Artificial Intelligent and Machine Learning models. Running such process require an expensive computational cost, since it includes huge amount of real-time data need to be process under complex advance models. Moreover it require a deep understanding of the internal process of each models to ensure finest manipulating them to get the optimum data quality result. Running these scenarios, lead successfully to functional approximation that spill the data behavior, with Mean Absolute Error (MAE) equal to 10.5. It is worth height that functional approximation is very expensive in term of time and complexity, but it generate the highest quality result, leading to better AI/ML model. Moreover it is the most dynamic approach allowing it to be applied in other drilling real-time parameters as well. Utilizing Metaheuristics approach to improve the data quality is new to the upstream domain in general, with almost no application in drilling in specific. The novelty is to introduce this advance technique into the drilling real-time data domain, it will sharply improve the data quality leading to higher Artificial Intelligent and Machine Learning prediction/ analytical models. It worth mentioning that such approach will run all those simulation/ scenarios and adjust itself automatically with almost no manual interference. Leading to self-data-driven data-quality model.


Although vehicles are the most commonly used means of transportation in our daily lives, their computational power and memory resources are often ignored. The new paradigm, Internet of Vehicles, has turned on-road vehicles into intelligent service providers, making full use of on-board processing and storage capabilities. With the advent of 6 G technology, e.g., millimeter wave and terahertz, fast and massive data transfers become possible between moving objects. In this paper, we consider a scenario where vehicles act as mobile edge caching nodes and form a local cloud, to provide popular contents for nearby users via 6 G communication. To maximize the efficiency of content allocation under the limitation of short communication range, we first predict the driving trajectories of vehicles with a Markov chain model and estimate the popularity level of contents in each urban area. Next, we design a scoring system based on the above predictions to compare users' satisfaction and computational efficiency of different algorithms. Finally, we find a subset of vehicles with appropriate content to serve the demand in the area. The simulation experiments demonstrate that the proposed scheme outperforms the conventional methods by providing a cost-efficient content allocation solution with lower delay.


Objective Explore serum bilirubin,uric acid and allergic c-reactive protein and coronary artery disease relationship.Methods In 50 cases coronary heart disease patients and 50 healthy check-up person(the normal control group) Serum total bilirubin,direct bilirubin,uric acid and allergic c-reactive protein content determination,And two groups of results are compared.Results CHD group of serum total bilirubin and direct bilirubin are below normal control group(P0.01),CHD group uric acid and allergic c-reactive protein are higher than normal control group(P0.01).Conclusions Serum total bilirubin and direct bilirubin concentration lower,Uric acid and allergic c-reactive protein of hypertension may be coronary heart disease risk factors,Three indexes joint test in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease plays an important role.


In this paper, an intelligent control scheme of formation collision avoidance and iterative docking is proposed for full-actuated unmanned surface vehicles (USVs). The artificial potential field method is integrated into the partial differential equation (PDE) formation control approach, which can improve the collision-avoidance performance of the formation. During the docking process of the straight-line formation, the USV agent is expected to track the desired commands accurately. Considering the possibility of docking failure, an iterative learning model predictive control (ILMPC) scheme is introduced. Once the moving USV fails in docking on the stationary USV, the moving agent can return to the origin to re-execute the docking process. The ILMPC method has the advantages of model predictive control and the iterative learning, so it can consider the future process dynamics in the time domain and overcome periodic disturbances. Simulation results show that USVs can avoid collisions with each other in the straight-line-formation mission. Furthermore, the USV agent can dock one-by-one successfully when interference exists.


To improve the voltage quality of the power supply is an important function of the D-STATCOM. A novel voltage control strategy based on active-disturbance rejection control under unbalance voltage conditions is proposed in this paper. The active-disturbance rejection control for D-STATCOM is proposed to overcome the difficulty result from the nonlinear, multivariable and coupling characteristics of D-STATCOM and the uncertainty parameters of the model of D-STATCOM along with the uncertainty disturbance in the engineer application. The magnitude and unbalance degree of the voltage of Point of Common Coupling (PCC) can meet the national voltage supply standard through the use of controller structure with superposition of positive-negative voltage control loop. Furthermore the controller has excellent performance for example good adaptive and robust when the parameters changes and the disturbance occur. Under MATLAB/Simulink environment, the model of D-STATCOM system is built and the simulation result is given. The simulation results verified the correct and effectiveness of the control strategy proposed in this paper.


Living conditions, history and geography of any ethnos determine specifically nation-specific differences of the dichotomy "decent: indecent . The paper analyzes the conceptualization of this dichotomy by British and American versus Russian societies. The author studies the meaning of the words decent, decency, decently plus their synonyms and related words as compared with the Russian приличие, приличный, приличная, приличное and прилично . The result of this analysis reveals noticeable differences in understanding of these notions, esp. as far as their negative versions ( indecent, неприлично ) are concerned. Moreover, as further analysis shows, dictionaries are sometimes unable to express some shades of meaning which are exposed through the analysis of concrete word usage. It appears that often discrepancies make themselves evident when some formal society rules are violated, as they play an important role in the individual's socialization. Some differences are determined by differences of Protestant and Russian Orthodox moral principles. We observe cases when principles which are strictly observed in Anglo-Saxon culture are not followed in Russian culture. Consequently, such concepts do not find expression in the Russian language (for example indecent assault and indecent exposure) . This fact may serve as another evidence of a greater attention paid by Western cultures with their cult of individualism to the problems of personal self-esteem. At the same time, the article demonstrates a significant difference between Western and Oriental linguistic weltanschauung. Finally, the analysis of some Russian synonyms allows us to conclude that the concept of (не) приличие is undergoing a serious crisis, which cannot be said about the English (in) decent.


This work studied the method how to prepare manocryslalline TiO2 film electrode,using tetrabutyl titanate as raw material,and it was used in the process of the electrolysis setting that cis-butenedioicacid was deoxidized to butanedioic acid,by using manocrystalline TiO2 film electrode as the electrolysis anode,and making the cathode with the plank of lead.The result was that the products yields and the electric current efficiencies were higher.The useful life was long,and reduced the pollution of the environment and the labor strength.


This book traces a particular development of the metaphysics of the material world in early modern thought. The route it follows derives from a critique of Spinoza in the work of Pierre Bayle. Bayle charged in particular that Spinoza's monistic conception of the material world founders on the account of extension and its "modes" and parts that he inherited from Descartes, and that Descartes in turn inherited from late scholasticism, and ultimately from Aristotle. After an initial discussion of Bayle's critique of Spinoza and its relation to Aristotle's distinction between substance and accident, this study starts with the original re-conceptualization of Aristotle's metaphysics of the material world that we find in the work of the early modern scholastic Suárez. What receives particular attention is Suárez's introduction of the "modal distinction" and his distinctive account of the Aristotelian accident of "continuous quantity." This examination of Suárez is followed by a treatment of the connections of his particular version of the scholastic conception of the material world to the very different conception that Descartes offered. Especially important is Descartes's view of the relation of extended substance both to its modes and to the parts that compose it. Finally, there is a consideration of what these developments in Suárez and Descartes have to teach us about Spinoza's monistic conception of the material world. Of special concern here is to draw on this historical narrative to provide a re-assessment of Bayle's critique of Spinoza.


"Probability is not a typical scientific discipline. Students of the subject find the definitions often ambiguous and they interpret the results not as manifestations of physical laws but rather as measures of our ignorance. I wrote this book mainly because I wanted to overcome the resulting skepticism. "In my view, the book has been highly cited for two reasons: (1) It presents the theory of probability as a deductive structure free from conceptual ambiguities. (2) It treats a variety of seemingly difficult concepts and applications with clarity, simplicity, and perspective. "To achieve the above objectives, I stressed early in the book that probability, like any other science, is a mental structure whose conclusions are based not on experience but on logic. Departing from the tradition of technical books, I devoted the first chapter on the philosophical meaning of probability to explaining the necessity for a clear distinction between assumptions and deductions. The starting sentence of this chapter is an indication of my approach: 'Scientific theories deal with concepts, never with reality. All theoretical results are derived from certain axioms by deductive logic. The theories are so formulated as to correspond in some useful sense to the real world whatever that may mean. However, this correspondence is approximate, and the physical justification of all theoretical conclusions is based on some form of inductive reasoning.' "My second task was to simplify and unify the treatment of applied topics: Poisson processes, Brownian motion, thermal noise, harmonic analysis. Such topics are developed in specialized books where the primary emphasis is on applications. I chose a different approach: I tried to develop them as illustrations of the general theory concentrating always on probabilistic content and minimizing peripheral, descriptive material. "A typical illustration is the Wiener theory of estimation. This topic, first published as a classified report during the war, appeared in the open literature in a yellow monograph1 known as the yellow peril because it was written in a language that was foreign to most engineers. The importance of the theory was soon recognized and new applications were discussed in engineering texts. However, most treatments were based essentially on the original derivations that involved advanced theory of functions, integral equations, and the calculus of variations. Perhaps the main reason for my involvement with this book was my conviction that a simpler approach was possible. Starting from the estimation of one random variable in terms of another, I formulated the 'orthogonality principle' and used it to solve a variety of estimation problems. The development is often heuristic but it leads to simple results. It is in this sense characteristic of the entire book: occasional sacrifice of mathematical rigor for the sake of clarity, perspective, and economy. The results were unexpected; they are gratifying." Axiomatic development of the theory of probability and stochastic processes with emphasis on conceptual clarity is presented. It includes: repeated trials and asymptotic theorems, ergodicity, spectral analysis, linear systems, estimation and filtering, normal and Markoff processes, Shot noise. [The SCI® indicates that this book has been cited over 995 times since 1965.]


The purpose of this paper is to provide guidance and criteria for the Department of Foreign Languages at Taif University, KSA, to be more selective in choosing students to study English language and literature. This study is also an evaluation of the courses offered by the department. Furthermore, the objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of using effective and reliable testing tools to assess and evaluate students' performance and accomplishment. This test will help to have a better idea about students' performance and competence. This will give the policy makers at the Department better understanding and knowledge for the process in selecting the courses and reference books as well as tailoring the teaching materials towards students' needs and their career. Last, this will help the people in the authority to pinpoint the weaknesses and strengths of the programs offered by the university.


The present invention discloses a DC / DC converting circuit output voltage detection circuit including a first resistor, a second resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, regulator, P-MOSFET, N-MOSFET; a first resistor with a second resistor is connected between the drain of the P-MOSFET of the DC / DC converter circuit output negative voltage, a first resistor connected to the same point of the second resistor as a detection voltage samples; the sixth resistor string with the fifth resistor connected to the DC / DC converter circuit outputs a positive voltage between the drain of N-MOSFET; the gate of P-MOSFET is connected to said connection point, a source connected to the output voltage of DC / DC conversion circuit positive; regulator of terminating output voltage of the negative DC / DC conversion circuit positive, positive terminal of the connection point; N-MOSFET source connected to the output voltage of DC / DC converter circuit is negative, a gate connected DC / DC converter circuit voltage state; DC / DC voltage conversion circuit state. Output voltage detection circuit DC / DC conversion circuit according to the present invention, to ensure a sufficiently small quiescent current, and to ensure a sufficiently high detection accuracy.


In 1942 E K E R and POPPE published a report on 42 cases of bone sar coma treated at the Norwegian Radium Hospital between the years 1932 and 1937. 22 of these cases belonged to the osteogenic series. Three were alive and free from symptoms more than 5 years after treatment. One of these had been treated by irradiation followed by amputation, one was treated by curettage of the tumour followed by irradiation, and one re ceived irradiation alone. Some of the remaining 19 cases in this series were given radiological treatment alone, while others were given combined surgical and radiological treatment. All those treated by primary ampu tation died within three years of operation. The author has collected the material of primary bone sarcoma from the two surgical departments of the University Hospital of Oslo, in the ten years from 1934 to 1943, in the hope of obtaining an impression of the results of the treatment, which has been principally surgical. This material comprises in all 20 cases belonging to the osteogenic series (table 1). This is the group of great sst interest from the point of view of treat ment. Four of the 20 cases were inoperable, either because of the site of the primary tumour, or because of lung métastases, and were sub-


Two conjugated polymers with benzodithiophene derivatives as the donor unit and planar difluoro-substituted dibenzo[a,c]phenazine as the acceptor unit P1, P2-L and P2-H were designed, synthesized, and used as the donor material in polymer solar cells. P2-H exhibits the highest hole mobility of 1.54 × 10−2 cm2 V−1 s−1. Polymer solar cells (PSCs) with a blend of P1:PC71BM (1 : 1.5, by weight) as the active layer show the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.0% with an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.74 V, a short circuit current (Jsc) of 12.50 mA cm−2, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.65.


This study investigates what occurred after the reign of Zimri-Lim during the decades following the destruction of the palace of Mari. It reexamines the so-called « Hana Kingdom » in the first stage of its existence, under the reigns of kings Yapah-Sumu-abum, I?i-Sumu-abum, and Yadih-abum, contemporaneous with the Babylonian king Samsu-iluna. The first point is to determine the geographical range of this kingdom (from Harradum to ?abatum), its name (mât Hana?) and its capital (Terqa? Mari?). Next is the analysis of a number of characteristics that this new political unit inherited from the kingdom of Mari, among which are a continuous use of the titles of sâpi?um and sugâgum, particular clauses in contracts, the transmission of weights and measures (e. g. the kur of 120 qa, or the ugârum), and month names. In spite of these elements of continuity, the geo-political situation radically changed after the passing of Zimri-Lim. Archives discovered in Tell Leilan do not mention this kingdom as they are mostly dated to the years prior to Samsu-iluna 8, the time when the revolt gave birth to the new state. It will be shown how Samsu-iluna, between his 22nd and 26th years, reconquered large areas but never succeeded in suppressing the new state completely: the destruction of Tell Taban may be dated to year 22 or 27 of his reign.


Groundwater contamination both in rural and urban area is growing alarming in Nigeria today. Some people ignorantly believe infiltration must take place before the refuse been dumped on topsoil reached the water table in the subsurface without taking into consideration depth to the aquifer and flow of underground water. This has necessitated this research about investigation of groundwater contamination around the waste disposal site at Aarada in Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria. The study was conducted using Very Low Frequency Electromagnetic (VLF-EM) and hydro-physicochemical methods. A total of twelve VLF-EM profiles were carried out with length ranging between 50 to 130m. The hydro-physicochemical analysis was conducted at the peak of the dry season on nine water samples taken from nine different hand-dug wells in the research area. The result obtained from the processed VLF-EM data revealed the presence of leachate (contaminant fluid) at the subsurface in the area. The water quality analysis report showed hazardously high values of Fe2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, Cu2+ and NO3- to confirm the findings from the VLF-EM survey. Conclusively, the study reveals that domestic usage of water from hand-dug well in the investigated area without undergoing water treatment is very hazardous. Oyo State Government should enforce law against dumping of refuse in that area, or if the place would continue to be used for dumpsite, Government should evacuate people living within the dumpsite in order not to be contacted with water borne diseases.


Extracting molybdenum from H2SO4 solution using organic phases which composes of P204(Bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate and butyl acetic ester,xylene and kerosene,respectively,are investigated.The results show that P204 dissolved in all those diluents can extract molybdenum effectively.The extraction yield of molybdenum has something to do with the pH of the solution,extraction time and the kinds of the acids.Tungsten can not be extracted in this condition.We made P204 dissolved in kerosene and added EDTA in the water extracting molybdenum and wolfram for that kerosene is the cheapest one and didn′t do harm to the environment.The extraction mechanism should be of ion exchange and association.


In this study, a microscale drilling process was conducted to evaluate the cutting characteristics of functionally graded materials. A mixture of M2 and Cu powders were formed and sintered to produce disk specimens of various compositions. Subsequently, a microscale hole was created in the specimen by using a desktop-size micro-machining system. By using design of experiments and analysis of variance, it was found that the M2–Cu composition, spindle speed, and the interactions between these two factors had significant effects on the magnitude of cutting forces. However, the influence of feed rate on the cutting force was negligible. A mathematical model was established to predict the cutting force under a wide range of process conditions, and the reliability of the model was confirmed experimentally. In addition, it was observed that increasing the wt% of Cu in an M2 –Cu specimen increased the high-frequency amplitude of cutting forces.


The morphological structure of the above-ground part of the cane areas of the plant 24 local populations Hedysarum gmelinii Ledeb., grown in the Mountainous Altai and Khakassia, was studied. A complex adaptive morphological traits and the degree of influence of the factor of adaptation of plants to different heights above sea level (from 300 to 2200 m ) on their variability in plants of this species are revealed. According to variance and regression analyses, adjusting to the increasing height above sea level in H. gmelinii inhibition of the intercalary meristem growth is shown. When climbing structure shoots varies significantly, but the transformation in plants is minor. The changes in above-ground parts of shoots ensure the preservation of particular role in cenosis and reproductive capacity, together with other peculiarities of structure in plants H. gmelinii in mountain conditions.


Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) has seen increasing use in the understanding of source code and its related artifacts in part because of its impressive modeling power. However, this expressive power comes at a cost: the technique includes several tuning parameters whose impact on the resulting LDA model must be carefully considered. An obvious example is the burn-in period; too short a burn-in period leaves excessive echoes of the initial uniform distribution. The aim of this work is to provide insights into the tuning parameter's impact. Doing so improves the comprehension of both, 1) researchers who look to exploit the power of LDA in their research and 2) those who interpret the output of LDA-using tools. It is important to recognize that the goal of this work is not to establish values for the tuning parameters because there is no universal best setting. Rather, appropriate settings depend on the problem being solved, the input corpus (in this case, typically words from the source code and its supporting artifacts), and the needs of the engineer performing the analysis. This work's primary goal is to aid software engineers in their understanding of the LDA tuning parameters by demonstrating numerically and graphically the relationship between the tuning parameters and the LDA output. A secondary goal is to enable more informed setting of the parameters. Results obtained using both production source code and a synthetic corpus underscore the need for a solid understanding of how to configure LDA's tuning parameters.


e19544Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has been reported to occur in 2-10% of cases with antecedent Waldenstrom Macroglobulinaemia (WM), a low-grade lymphoma characterised by the p...


In this paper, nanoscale germanium (Ge) fin etching with inductively coupled plasma (ICP) equipment by Cl2/BCl3/Ar gas is experimentally demonstrated. The impact of Cl2/BCl3/Ar gas ratio on etching induced Ge surface roughness, etch rate, sidewall steepness, uniformity and layout dependence are comprehensively investigated. The surface roughness is improved by increasing Ar flow rate. A nearly vertical Ge Fin is obtained by optimizing Cl2/BCl3/Ar gas ratio. By using silicon oxide as hard mask, 60nm-width Ge Fin array with height of 100nm is experimentally illustrated with high uniformity of etch depth and Fin width. Therefore, this method shows great potential for Ge-based multi-gate device fabrication.


Spectral moment sum rules are presented for the inhomogeneous many-body problem described by the fermionic Falicov-Kimball or Hubbard models. These local sum rules allow for arbitrary hoppings, site energies, and interactions. They can be employed to quantify the accuracy of numerical solutions to the inhomogeneous many-body problem such as strongly correlated multilayered devices, ultracold atoms in an optical lattice with a trap potential, strongly correlated systems that are disordered, or systems with nontrivial spatial ordering such as a charge-density wave or a spin-density wave. We also show how the spectral moment sum rules determine the asymptotic behavior of the Green function, self-energy, and dynamical mean field when applied to the dynamical mean-field theory solution of the many-body problem. In particular, we illustrate in detail how one can dramatically reduce the number of Matsubara frequencies needed to solve the Falicov-Kimball model while still retaining high precision, and we sketch how one can incorporate these results into Hirsch-Fye quantum Monte Carlo solvers for the Hubbard (or more complicated) models. Since the solution of inhomogeneous problems is significantly more time consuming than periodic systems, efficient use of these sum rules can provide a dramatic speed up in the computational time required to solvemore » the many-body problem. We also discuss how these sum rules behave in nonequilibrium situations as well, where the Hamiltonian has explicit time dependence due to a driving field or due to the time-dependent change in a parameter such as the interaction strength or the origin of the trap potential.« less


Current approaches to managing an organizations' portfolio of predictive analytical models are currently ad hoc and under-informed by theory. In time-sensitive campaigns, analytical models may be constructed, applied and maintained by departments or individuals working in isolation. This silo-based approach fails to take into account complex model inter-relationships, possible model correlation and covariance, and other types of interdependencies that can confound and limit the effectiveness of campaigns. In this paper, we view a suite of predictive analytical models from a portfolio theoretic-based vantage point, we state the nature of a multi-stage campaign management bottleneck effect in portfolio terms, and we establish cases where informing campaign managers about the state of portfolio under-performance can be expressed and tracked. For the most complex case, we develop a Cross-stage Dispersion Index (CDI) that can be used as a benchmark and tracked over time.


Tolerance to SPM is evaluated in a dispersion-compensated transmission using optical BPSK singlesideband modulation. Optical BPSK-SSB with a pilot carrier is more tolerant to fiber nonlinearity than the conventional BPSK-SSB transmission.


OBJECTIVE: To report case of unique MRI findings in patient with disulfiram neurotoxicity.
BACKGROUND: The disulfiram has been used in treatment of alcoholism over 50 years. It can cause neurotoxicity including peripheral neuropathy, encephalopathy,basal ganglia lesions, extrapyramidal disorders, optic neuropathy. MRI brain typically shows lesions in the basal ganglia, striatum or putamen.
DESIGN/METHODS: Case report and literature review.
RESULTS: We would like to present a case of 28 year old man who received Disulfiram for treatment of alcoholism for several months. While on it developed at first transient leg weakness and leg tiredness. After several months of mild symptoms , he had stepwise worsening of distal weakness, new arms/hands and abdominal wall numbness and weakness, and gait became unsteady. On exam, he has distal weakness and sensory loss in upper and lower extremities, gait with steppage. Work up included MRI brain, MRI lumbar and cervical spine, screening labs and EMG-NCS. Screening "neuropathy" labs were unrevealing.
Past medical history included prior drug use, alcoholism with about two bottles of wine consumption from 2007 until 2013 when started treatment with Disulfiram.
EMG-NCS confirmed moderate-severe axonal length dependent peripheral neuropathy. CSF studies showed normal prtotein, 7 WBC and 4 oligoclonal bands.
MRI brain revealed bilateral lesion of the putamen and medial thalamus. MRI cervical and lumbar spine were negative.
The patient received physical therapy, he remains abstinent from alcohol and his strength, sensory loss and gait improved.
Conclusions: We believe that our patient had neurotoxicity to Disulfiram with axonal sensorimotor neuropathy and MRI lesions including unique bilateral thalami involvement. The neurologist should be aware and considered the Disulfiram toxicity in differential diagnosis in patient presenting with both central and peripheral pathology. Disclosure: Dr. Ashikian has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bronstein has nothing to disclose. Dr. Danesh has nothing to disclose. Dr. Torres has nothing to disclose.


Many resource firms in China are facing the problem of exhaustion. The close and bankrupting of Exhaustible Source SOEs is easy to cause society instability and economy depression of Orefields. So the sustainable development of orefields is very important to the national economy development and the settle of "four mine" problem. In the case of Yangjiazhangzi Orefield,the problem of sustainable development of orefields is discussed in this paper.


Polyadipoyl diethylene triamine was prepared by fasculation reaction of adipic acid and diethylene triamine at 155 ℃ for 4 h under catalysis of paramethyl benzene sulfonic acid,then reacted with perfluorooctsulfunyl fluoride at 60 ℃ for 1 h,after drying,N-perfluorooctsulfonyl polyadipoyl diethylene triamine was gotten.At last,It was treated into 25% water solution,and reacted with epichlorhydrin at 60 ℃ for 2 h,after adjusting pH value and concentration,the N-perfluorooctsulfonyl polyamide polyamine epichlorhydrin resin was gotten.The title compound is used as anti-oil agents of paper.


The fino-food dairy factory, which processes 60.000 litre of milk a day, produces 50 % fresh dairy products, 45% mature cheese and 5% processed cheese products. the unbeneficial changes of the cheese market in Hungary and the size of the enterprise force to turn the firm strategy into the direction of innovation. in 2005 with the cooperation of mtki, university of kaposvar, market & fact market research and marketing institute won the application of Baross gabor innovation foundation. the topic of the research the fino– food dairy factory development operation was: optimized production technology of new generation low fat cheese. the markets of the developed countries confirm that each successful food product forces with a nutritional benefit. such a benefit can be for example low energy and fat content and extraction of sugar content. the market admitted as well that a nutritional benefit is not enough to be successful on the market, but it has to dispose with a natural source, with excellent taste, colour, substance, so it has to possess a huge consumer value, nice look and reasonable price.


Formation of primordial follicles is a fundamental, early process in mammalian oogenesis. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. We herein report that the RNA‐binding proteins ELAVL2 and DDX6 are indispensable for the formation of quiescent primordial follicles in mouse ovaries. We show that Elavl2 knockout females are infertile due to defective primordial follicle formation. ELAVL2 associates with mRNAs encoding components of P‐bodies (cytoplasmic RNP granules involved in the decay and storage of RNA) and directs the assembly of P‐body‐like granules by promoting the translation of DDX6 in oocytes prior to the formation of primordial follicles. Deletion of Ddx6 disturbs the assembly of P‐body‐like granules and severely impairs the formation of primordial follicles, indicating the potential importance of P‐body‐like granules in the formation of primordial follicles. Furthermore, Ddx6‐deficient oocytes are abnormally enlarged due to misregulated PI3K‐AKT signaling. Our data reveal that an ELAVL2‐directed post‐transcriptional network is essential for the formation of quiescent primordial follicles.


Leadership style and organizational performance have been researched extensively. However, the literature has a limited number of studies concerning organizational performance of small and medium businesses, even less research on the impact on organizational performance of Theory X and Theory Y type leadership styles. In addition, minimal access to data on financials for small and medium businesses presents a challenge for this line of research. Regardless, research does show that small and medium business owners/managers are quite accurate when asked about their financials and growth. In this study, we focused on three related questions: 1) Do owners/managers who report increases in turnover for the last five-year period more likely to exhibit Theory Y tendencies? 2) Are owners/managers who report increases in innovations more likely to exhibit Theory Y tendencies? 3) Are owners/managers who report decreases in overall costs more likely to exhibit Theory Y tendencies? The research was conducted in the Şishane region of Istanbul, Turkey. This region, in particular, houses hundreds of chandelier makers and lighting firms, some of which even date back to the Ottoman Empire. Data was collected via a survey instrument distributed to 200 chandelier makers and lighting firms in the area. Data was analyzed through the SPSS statistical packet program and proposed relations in the model were tested through logistic regression analyses.


The upstream industry's pervasive struggle to account for and make use of its data has become almost cliché. But it is a reality—even though the industry is now multiple years into its digitalization phase.
 Among the many entrepreneurs and researchers coming up with solutions, two entities have leveraged data donations from big operators in an effort to make data access as quick and easy as a Google search.
 A big operator, which may have interests in basins all over the world, adds terabytes upon terabytes of data from its wells each day to the generations of data it has already accumulated over decades. These large, disparate sets of information come both structured and unstructured from a variety of sources. Interpretations of those records can vary depending on the terminology used by the faceless person or program that put them together.
 Externally, a large portion of operator data is still stowed in a disorganized manner on servers owned by multiple electronic drilling recorder providers, observed Pradeep Ashok, senior research scientist in the drilling and rig automation group at the University of Texas's Hildebrand Department of Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering, one of the entities tackling this problem.
 Operators can download the data, view the data through a web interface, and perform analysis locally. But the more ideal option would be to have all the data readily accessible in a data store within the company.
 Internally, in many cases, data sit in different silos within a company, spread across different physical locations. And the people who work with that data are not static entities: When the downturn hit a few years ago and layoffs occurred, gobs of data were left stranded. Opera-tors are still trying to account for that lost information.
 Unless companies implement "a system that can deal with the volume of data created every day, they will continue to be challenged," said Frank Perez, chief executive officer of Sfile, a software firm that has set out to help operators make the most of their data.
 Perez noted an instance when an operator asked Sfile to train its system to identify and collect all of the company's hydraulic fracturing pump curves and transform them into a normalized data feature set. The operator initially estimated that it had 10,000 pump curves, but, after Sfile got a hold of its data, it determined that the company actually had 65,000. "We were able to facilitate a massive database of pressure information that was used to basically build a new reservoir model," he said. "It was just something that they didn't even expect they had."
 It is a common trend observed by Perez: Companies have way more data than they realize, and the possibilities that come with leveraging that data are endless. But those companies first need to be able to harness the data they know they have.


This summary report contains an overview of work performed under the work package entitled "FY2014 NEAMS INL-Engineering Scale Fuel Performance & Interface with RPL Tools." A first chapter identifies the specific FY-14 milestones, providing a basic description of the associated work and references to related detailed documentation. Where applicable, a representative technical result is provided. A second chapter summarizes substantial additional work including 1) efforts to improve numerical convergence and contact in BISON, 2) development of capability to simulate hydrogen behavior in Zircaloy cladding and 3) efforts to enhance collaborative work with the Halden Research Program. A final chapter briefly outlines planned future work.


A novel chiral stationary phase(CSP) based on library of small peptides for high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was prepared.The conditions for digestion of bovine serum albumin(BSA) with trypsin were optimized,and the results of which was : enzymolysis time 6 h,enzymolysis pH 8.2,enzymolysis temperature 37℃.The obtained library of small peptides,which was ultrafiltrated with ultrafiltration membrane(MWCO=6 000) to discard Mw6 000 molecules,was bonded to aminopropyl-silica gels activated with 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole(CDI).The proposed CSP held higher density of peptides_ligand and was more steady than intact protein-CSP.D,L-tryptophan and D,L-tyrosine were well separated on the novel peptides-CSP.Chiral drug R,S-trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride was also separated.Effects of the mobile phase composition and pH on retention and stereoselectivity were investigated too.


Objectives High-dose statins pretreatment is reasonable before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to reduce the risk of periprocedural myocardial injury. However, the mechanism underlying this protective effect has not been elucidated. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of high-dose atorvastatin pretreatment on microvascular function and myocardial injury after elective PCI. Methods Eighty four patients underwent elective PCI were randomly assigned to high-dose atorvastatin (40 mg/d) and low-dose atorvastatin (20 mg/d) treatment for 7 days before PCI. The index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR) was measured by an intracoronary ressure/temperature sensor-tipped guidewire at maximal hyperemia after PCI. Fractional flow reserve (FFR) was measured before and after procedure. Troponin I levels were obtained at baseline and 20–24 h after procedure. Results IMR values were significantly lower in high-dose group when compared to low-dose group (16.5 ± 6.1 vs. 31.2 ± 16.0, P < 0.001). Pre-PCI troponin I levels between the two groups were similar (0.028 ± 0.05 vs. 0.022 ± 0.04, P = 0.55). However, post-PCI troponin I levels in high-dose group were significantly lower than low-dose group (0.11 ± 0.02 vs. 0.16 ± 0.09, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified maximum inflation pressure > 20 atm as an independent predictor of IMR > 32 (Odds ratio (OR): 3.3, 95% confidence intervals (95%CI): 1.3–8.5, P = 0.02). High-dose atorvastatin was the only independent protective factor of IMR > 32 (OR: 0.29, 95%CI: 0.11–0.74, P = 0.01). Conclusions The present study confirmed that diminishing microvascular impairment is one of the mechanism underlying protecting effect of high-dose statins pretreatment from myocardial injury during PCI. These suggest that high-dose statin pretreatment is reasonable in patients undergoing elective PCI.


A new case of Shelah's eventual categoricity conjecture is established: Theorem 1. Let K be an AEC with amalgamation. WriteH2 := i 2 i (2LS(K)) 


ferences in organization and emphasis compared with the classic texts in the field. Indeed, Ordeshook's book invites comparison with R. Duncan Luce and Howard Raiffa's Games and Decisions (New York: Wiley, 1957), which for years has been considered the standard treatment of game theory for social scientists. It would be fair to say the two books are pitched at about the same level of abstraction and difficulty. And Ordeshook's writing approaches the standard of clarity set by Luce and Raiffa (quite a compliment). To some degree, Ordeshook shares the critical posture of Luce and Raiffa, at least to the extent of regularly pointing out that much conceptual development and research remains to be done in the construction of comprehensive political theory. At the same time, there are major differences between the two books, which derive from two obvious and related facts. The first is the Luce and Raiffa book is now 30 years old; while the main lines of game theory were clearly established when they wrote, there have been many very significant developments in game theory itself (especially new solution concepts) and in its application over the past decades. Second, Luce and Raiffa were not political scientists, and their survey did not focus particularly on applications of game theory to politics. Indeed, apart from a discussion of the Shapley-Shubik power index to weighted voting systems and a brief and unsystematic discussion of strategic aspects of majority rule, their survey includes no distinctively political topics. Of course, at the time they wrote there was little to survey in this respect, while many of the more recent applications of game theory are to political processes.


This is data and replication files for Suspect Citizens: What 20 Million Traffic Stops Tell Us About Policing and Race. More specifically, these data sets are the individual traffic stops used in the associated book. All were conducted between 2000 and 2016. Each is zipped DTA (State file type) file. For the smaller data sets and the files for analysis see: http://fbaum.unc.edu/books/SuspectCitizens/data.html. The "Clean" file has the cleaned and standardized variables used in the analysis in the book. Additionally, this data set has already dropped passengers and those stopped at a check point. The other has the data as downloaded and merged from the state.


A SURVEY OF MICROCOMPUTER USAGE AND THE PERCEPTIONS OF SPECIAL EDUCATORS IN THE INSTRUCTION OF MILDLY HANDICAPPED STUDENTS WITHIN SELECTED SCHOOL SYSTEMS IN GEORGIA RATIONALE The purpose of the study was to survey the use of microcomputers as instructional assisted tools in the education of mildly handicapped students from selected school systems of Georgia. Specifically, the study addressed the following issues: (1) identified instructional uses of microcomputers in special education; (2) areas of exceptionality wherein instructional micro computer usage is evidenced; (3) perceptions of special educators toward microcomputer applications; and (4) future implications. SIGNIFICANCE The study will greatly expand the literature base and identify factors related to the use of microcomputers in the instructional process of educating mildly handicapped students. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Data for the study were generated from Directors of Special Education and Teachers of Mildly Handicapped Students from selected public school sys tems of Georgia. The chief data collection method used was the questionnaire with the interview/participant observation technique being secondary. The question naire used was a modified version of the instrument developed in 1982 by