ALTHOUGH parent co-operation is generally welcomed by the public schools of the United States, available resources often go untapped for want of realization that they exist. The Spanish Department of the Laboratory School at the University of Chicago has, for about two years, been assaying the willingness of fathers and mothers to participate in inter-American activity, which, along with the obvious purpose of promoting hemispheric good will, serves several other equally important ends. The writer, for some time a teacher in the United States government schools in the Isthmus of Panama, is deeply conscious of her country's need for citizens trained in the basic principles of the Spanish language and equipped with at least a rudimentary knowledge of the cultures of the republics in which it is spoken. Through work in the Junta Cooperativa de Educaci6n of Panama and the PanAmerican Board of Education in this


The brief information on the history and peculiarities of electron-beam skull melting technology of refractory metals and alloys is given. Its advantages and disadvantages are formulated. One of the main directions of further development is the maximum amount of melt in the skull crucible increasing. The necessity of mathematical modeling of multifunctional processes for the rational choice of the design of a skull crucible with electromagnetic stirring system, which provides obtaining up to 150 kg of titanium melt in one melting process, is substantiated. In particular, the question of choosing the design and operating modes of the electromagnetic stirring system with an emphasis on the peculiarities of its work at the initial stage of the accumulation of the melt are considered. The methodology of numerical three-dimensional modeling of the electromagnetic field and hydrodynamics in the system "inductor – scull crucible" is given. An electromagnetic problem is formulated relative to the vector magnetic and scalar electric potentials, hydrodynamic – in the form of Navier-Stokes equations using the Low Reynolds k-ε turbulence model. Among the factors that determine the effectiveness of an electromagnetic stirrer we considered: the number of coils of the inductor, the angle of phase shift between the currents of the coils, the direction of the travelling magnetic field, the frequency of the power supply. The electromagnetic and hydrodynamic problems were calculated for the five positions of the interface between melt and skull which correspond to the sequential stages of the melting process with the gradually increased melt volume in the crucible. The inductors with two, three, and six coils were considered. When comparing variants, the average speed of motion in the melt volume was taken as the criterion for the stirring efficiency. The results of computational research are presented, the algorithm of electromagnetic stirring system operation is proposed. References 9, figures 8.


High-temperature solar thermochemical systems are designed for maximum solar-to-chemical energy conversion efficiency and fast process rates. High temperatures are achieved by exposing solar reactors to high-flux irradiation from concentrating solar collectors. The reactors typically feature solid–gas heterogeneous media at temperatures exceeding several hundred degrees Celsius, and in some applications reaching more than 2000oC. In directly-irradiated reactors, radiation is predominantly absorbed by a solid that provides surface to a chemical reaction. In indirectly-irradiated reactors, radiation is absorbed by an inert solid and then transferred to a chemical reaction by conduction, convection, and/or radiation through an intermediate heat transfer medium (solid, fluid, or multiphase medium) (Lipiński et al. [2012], Modest [2013]). Thermal transport processes have been extensively studied at discrete spatial levels varying from nanoto microto macro-scale. Accurate characterization and simulation techniques connecting highly disparate spatial and temporary scales of solar thermochemical systems require significant advancements to become computationally effective. Such techniques are desired for direct design and optimization of reactors featuring prescribed materials of unknown continuum characteristics. Advancements in materials and computational sciences have also enabled a less explored approach of materials-by-design, in which materials of prescribed continuum characteristics indicated by predictive reactor-level models are inversely engineered by targeted identification of suitable composition and morphology. Both the direct and materialsby-design approaches are useful for understanding and optimizing the complex thermal transport processes and, consequently, for minimizing irreversibilities and achieving high solar energy conversion efficiency. The basic approach to modelling coupled heat and mass transfer in reacting media of high-temperature solar thermochemical systems involves simultaneous solutions of the radiative transfer equation (RTE) along with the mass, momentum, and energy conservation equations. The interactions between thermal radiation and chemical kinetics are of special interest. Transient variation of radiative properties typical for such systems requires determination of the radiative contribution to the energy equation at any instant of the solution, leading to high computational cost. The complexity of solution further increases for systems for which gas radiation effects cannot be neglected, requiring application of accurate but computationally expensive spectral methods. In this presentation, advances in computational thermal transport pertinent to modelling solar thermochemical systems are reviewed. Examples of computational studies of heat and mass transfer in solar reactors, reactive media and media features such as individual reacting particles are discussed together with recent developments in direct numerical predictions of thermal transport and optical properties of heterogeneous materials, from nanoto microto macro-structures.


Traditional methods of beam steering of antennas have used phase as the primary variable. The intent of this research work is to revisit the idea of using amplitude rather than phase or mechanical motion to steer the beam and explore it as a possibility for some of today's needs. An overview of the concept along with simulation results are presented here. A comparison is made with a normal array steered with phase shifters and the results are presented. Further this method ensures higher interference tolerance from the individual antennas while maintaining comparable Gain.


AI, DeepL service, ChatGPT, Bing chatbot, Wnr.ai, Canva, Wonderslide, Gamma, Tome, SlidesAI, Piggy, SlidesGPT, ChatPDF. A method of using AI services to represent the results of scientific research was developed by creating a table with the characteristics of seven applications (Canva, Wonderslide, Gamma, Tome, SlidesAI, SlidesGPT, Piggy) for creating presentations. The need to develop participants' of educational and scientific processes digital competence with the skills of using services with artificial intelligence, which is an essential tool of scientific and educational processes, has been updated. Strengths and weaknesses, opportuni - ties and threats of using services with artificial intelligence were determined and analyzed by performing their swot analysis.


Flour and water doughs containing 1-14C-linoleic acid (18:2) and various ingredients were prepared to study the oxidation of linoleic acid by lipoxygenase in bread doughs. Lipids were extracted, treated with diazomethane, and 14C-labelled fatty acid methyl esters separated by thin-layer chromatography. Radioactivity was determined in silica gel bands containing unoxidised 18:2, hydroperoxy acids (L1), hydroxy acids (L2), hydroxyepoxy acids (L3) and trihydroxy acids (L4). Minor components detected by autoradiography were present mainly in L3 and L4. Recoveries of total radioactivity were always > 95%. Untreated flour-water dough was mixed aerobically for ˜4 min, rested, and the lipids extracted after 10 min total dough time. Yields of 14C products were unoxidised 18:2 = 28.6 μmol, L4 = 93.9 μmol/100 g dry flour. Similar yields were obtained from ClO2-treated flour, both after 10 min and 60 min dough time. Salt, salt + yeast, or salt + yeast + ascorbic acid in the dough did not reduce 18:2 oxidation significantly, but increased L3 at the expense of L4. Soya flour preparations inhibited linoleic acid oxidation by 25–44%, but pure soya lipoxygenase had no effect at all. Heat treatment reduced the inhibitory effect of soya flour. Accessible thiol groups were not essential for lipoxygenase activity or for the reduction of L1 to L2 since adding cysteine or N-ethyl maleimide had negligible effects on the 18:2 oxidation products. Most of the flour carotenoids (xanthophylls) were bleached by wheat enzymes in non supplemented doughs, and all were bleached in doughs supplemented with soya flour. 14C-labelled triglyceride was not oxidised except in doughs containing soya flour mixed in air (1.5% oxidation) or oxygen (3 % oxidation). Soya flour contains lipoxygenase isoenzymes (principally lipoxygenase-2) which oxidise linoleate in triglycerides. This isoenzyme is evidently not present in wheat.


Self-identification as being 'overweight' may be associated with adverse health outcomes, yet prospective evidence examining this possibility is lacking. Over 7-years, we examined associations between perceived overweight and subsequent health in a sample of 3,582 US adults. Perceived overweight predicted longitudinal declines in subjective health (d =.22, p <.001), increases in depressive symptoms (d =.09, p < .05), and raised levels of physiological dysregulation (d =.24, p <.001) as gauged by clinical indicators of cardiovascular, inflammatory and metabolic functioning. These associations remained after controlling for a range of potential confounders and were observed irrespective of whether self-perceptions of overweight were accurate or inaccurate. The present research highlights the possibility that self-identification as overweight may act independently of body mass index to contribute to unhealthy profiles of physiological functioning and impaired health over time. These findings underscore the importance of evaluating whether weight feedback interventions may have unforeseen adverse consequences.


Analysis of six endogenous pre-mRNAs demonstrates that localization at the periphery or within splicing factor-rich (SC-35) domains is not restricted to a few unusually abundant pre-mRNAs, but is apparently a more common paradigm of many protein-coding genes. Different genes are preferentially transcribed and their RNAs processed in different compartments relative to SC-35 domains. These differences do not simply correlate with the complexity, nuclear abundance, or position within overall nuclear space. The distribution of spliceosome assembly factor SC-35 did not simply mirror the distribution of individual pre-mRNAs, but rather suggested that individual domains contain both specific pre-mRNA(s) as well as excess splicing factors. This is consistent with a multifunctional compartment, to which some gene loci and their RNAs have access and others do not. Despite similar molar abundance in muscle fiber nuclei, nascent transcript "trees" of highly complex dystrophin RNA are cotranscriptionally spliced outside of SC-35 domains, whereas posttranscriptional "tracks" of more mature myosin heavy chain transcripts overlap domains. Further analyses supported that endogenous pre-mRNAs exhibit distinct structural organization that may reflect not only the expression and complexity of the gene, but also constraints of its chromosomal context and kinetics of its RNA metabolism.


Results of x-ray powder diffraction measurements up to 35 GPa carried out on the Mn intermetallics, Mn3GaC, are presented. Mn3GaC does not under go any structural transition in this pressure region. The pressure-volume data fitted to third order Birch Murnaghan equation of state yield values of bulk modulus and its pressure derivative as 140.5 GPa and 3.34 respectively. Introduction The manganese based intermetallics, Mn3GaC, belong to the class of compounds, Mn3MX (M= Ga, Al, Zn, In or Sn and X = B, N or C), which is an intermediate class of materials between the rare earth manganetites [Coey et al., 1999] and the normal metallic alloys. These compounds crystallize in the cubic antipervoskite type structure [Fruchart et al., 1978]. The magnetic Mn atoms are located at the cubic face centers and form a tetrahedral cluster with C atoms at the body center. The M atoms are at the cubic corners. The magnetic properties of this series of compounds have been investigated extensively because they exhibit typical characteristics of itinerant electron magnets and magnetic transitions in great variety [Fruchart et al., 1978; Kamishima et al., 1998]. The temperature dependent neutron powder diffraction, magnetic susceptibility, transport and magnetoresistance [Kaneko et al., 1987; Kim et al., 2001; Kamishima et al., 1997] measurements show that Mn3GaC has an antiferromagnetic (AFM) ground state. This phase, stable below 160 K, is Invar like with almost zero thermal expansion. Near the transition to a ferromagnetic (FM) phase (163.9 K) the lattice parameter undergoes an isostructural collapse showing negative thermal expansion (NTE) [Kaneko et al. 1987]. There is a small intermediate phase region between the AFM and FM phases. The stability region of the intermediate phase can be altered by magnetic field and pressure [Fruchart et al, 1978; Kamishima et al., 1998; Kamishima et al., 1997]. Above 248.8 K (TC) it is paramagnetic. The magnetic moment in the FM and AFM phases are only about 1.8 and 1.2 μb respectively. This is much below the value seen in normal intermetallics of Mn. The Hall coefficient shows that at the AFM to FM transition region, there is an increase in the carrier concentration [Kamishima et al., 1997]. These imply that the volume decrease (NTE) observed during the transition from AFM to FM phase originates from the contraction of Mn moment. In the intermediate phase region, a large low-field magnetoresistance, unprecedented in metallic compounds, is observed indicating the strong correlation among lattice spin and charge. The estimated electronic specific heat coefficient in the intermediate phase is large (43mJ/K) [Kamishima et al., 1998] confirming strong electronic correlations. The available [Shim et al., 2002] electronic band structure of Mn3GaC indicates that there is a Fermi-surface nesting with three bands crossing the Fermi level. The calculated susceptibility of Mn3GaC also show local maximum at the Γ and near the R points. The DOS at EF of the AFM and FM phases of Mn3GaC are similar resulting in a ground state with competing order. This kind of behaviour is unusual in metallic compounds and its origin can be traced to the changes in the d-bonding nature of Mn in the material. Thus compression under pressure could induce interesting electronic, magnetic and structural changes in this material. Joint 20 AIRAPT – 43 EHPRG, June 27 – July 1, Karlsruhe/Germany 2005 The pressure effect on the magnetic transition temperature [Kaneko et al., 1987] up to 0.13 GPa indicates that the TC increases i.e., the FM phase is stabilized under high pressure. Above 0.3 GPa, a phase intermediate between the AFM and FM phase is stabilized. These indicate the presence of strong inter-atomic distance/volume-dependent exchange interaction as in the case of transition metal Invar alloys. In fact the overall behaviour of Mn3GaC and Mn3ZnN [Kim et al., 2003] can be accounted for on a model similar to that of Invar alloys. Two recent measurements on Fe-Ni invar alloys have revealed an unusual behaviour of compressibility [Dubrovinsky et al., 2001; Decremps et al., 2004]. The pressure variation of bulk modulus is observed to have a very low variation (nearly linear P-V curve) or even a decrease (negative B') over a limited pressure region. The present high pressure angle dispersive X-ray diffraction investigations on Mn3GaC up to 35.0 GPa are aimed at investigating the signatures of the strong interaction between the magnetic and the structural properties of Mn3GaC on the compressibility and its structural stability under pressure. Experimental Details Polycrystalline samples of Mn3GaC were prepared by a direct reaction of the constituent elements Mn, Ga and C. These were mixed under dry argon atmosphere in the desired proportion and then sealed in an evacuated quartz tube. The sealed tube was heated to 800 C for 7 days in an electric furnace. After quenching the tube, the sample was crushed into fine powder and annealed under the same condition to get a homogenous polycrystalline Mn3GaC. The characterization of the sample by X-ray diffraction under ambient conditions yielded a lattice parameter a =3.896 Å in the Pm3m phase. High pressure ADXRD measurements were carried out on powdered Mn3GaC at the synchrotron radiation source at Elettra, Trieste, Italy [proposal No. 2002308]. A Mao-Bell type diamond anvil cell (DAC) with diamonds of culet size 400 μm [Vijayakumar et al., 2000] was employed. Fine powder of Mn3GaC along with silver as the internal pressure calibrant was loaded into a hardened stainless steel gasket of hole 150 μm in diameter. Ethanol was used as the pressure-transmitting medium. The experimental station was based on an imaging plate area detector (MarResearch). The sample to imaging plate distance and wavelength were calibrated using LaB6 as standard. The X-ray beam wavelength was calibrated to be 0.7505 Å. The data was collected up to 35 GPa with a typical exposure time of about 15 to 20 minutes depending on the beam current. The scanned two-dimensional diffraction patterns were corrected for imaging plate tilt and converted to intensity vs 2θ through radial integration using FIT2D software [Hammersley et al., 1996]. Results and Discussion The evolution of the diffraction pattern at various pressures as shown in Fig. 1 indicates that the ambient cubic phase is retained up to the highest pressure of 35 GPa reached in the present measurements. The cubic lattice parameters were determined using four lines. The pressure volume data obtained at various pressures is shown in Fig. 2. The P-V relation {equation of state (EOS)} fitted to third degree Birch Murnaghan equation of state yields the bulk modulus and its pressure derivative as 140.5 GPa and 3.34 respectively. Though from the low temperature behaviour, an anomaly in equation of state is expected, none is observed. In disordered Invar alloys of Fe, Co and Ni with other transition metals, Invar effect and compressibility anomalies are observed because of the transition between two phases with opposite spin dependent volume. In many alloys, there is an accompanied softening of longitudinal and shear mode softening leading to phase transition. In Mn3GaC, no such structural transition is also observed, though at low temperature such competition does exist. It is to be noted that the recent first principles total energy calculations of Mn3GaC in the ferromagnetic phase using Plane Wave Self-Consistent Field (PWSCF) method [Modak et al., 2005] show an abrupt decrease in the magnetic moment with change in electronic band structure along Γ-R and Γ-X directions at around 5 GPa. However, we could not find the Joint 20 AIRAPT – 43 EHPRG, June 27 – July 1, Karlsruhe/Germany 2005 signatures of this in the measured equation of state. The absence of magnetic ordering at room temperature may be the reason for the non-observance of the signature of magnetic moment collapse in EOS. 15 20 25 30 35 40 (3 11 )+ Ag (2 22 )


This paper examines the long run relationship between trade deficit and budget deficit in Turkey in the context of fractional cointegration approach. This approach relaxes the assumption in the conventional cointegration analyses that the cointegrating residuals must be integrated of zero and allows it to take any real value. The empirical results of the annual data over the period from 1975 to 2009 show that there is little evidence for the presence of fractional cointegration relationship between trade deficit and budget deficit, hence, for the validity of twin deficits hypothesis in Turkey.


The aim of the project is to create a 60' high efficient motor yacht focusing on the study of its dynamic behaviour to ascertain a correct power prediction. Design feature such as hydrofoils, mounted between two hulls of the catamaran permit to predict, in terms of a design speed, a low power required to displacement ratio. Beside this achieved efficiency, this craft has been designed to comply with the Maritime & Coastguard Agency regulation rules in order to be used as a chartered day boat in the Mediterranean Sea.


Sir: Previously, we" found that many species of yeasts had a definite ability of producing citric acid in culture under aerobic condition. Recently, we have found that some yeasts, especially those belonging to the genus Candida, produced a large amount of an unknown organic acid from various carbon sources, such as sugars, alcohols, fatty acids, fats and hy drocarbons, in shaking cultures. We have succeeded in isolating the unknown acid as its lactone from the culture of Candida brumptii (A), which was productive solely of the unknown acid, as well as from those of Candida guilliermondii var. membranaefaciens (B) and Candida lipolytica (C), which were capable of producing the unknown acid together with far more of citric acid, by the routine pro cedures. The lactone has been obtained in crystalline form in the yields of 2.8, 4.2 and 4.8 g from the cultures of A, B and C, respec tively, when each yeast was grown at 28°C for 5 days in ten of 300 ml Erlenmeyer flasks each containing 50 ml of a medium composed of glucose (12°c), NH4Cl (0.100), KH2PO4 (0.05%), MgSO4•E7H2O (0.05%), yeast extract (0.1%), CaCO3 (4th) and tap water on a rotary shaker. The lactone was crystallized from ethyl acetate in long needles; mp 152•`153•Ž (uncorr.), [a]_??_=-61.0° (c=1.0 in H,O). Anal. Found: C, 41.29; H, 3.27. Calcd. for C6H6O6: C, 41.39; H, 3.47°c. When the lactone was developed on Toyo filter paper No. 50 with a mixture of n-butanol-formic acid-water (4: 1.5: 1) at room temperature, it gave a spot with Rf 0.61. It was titrated potentiometri cally as a dibasic acid of pKa1 2.3 and pK a2 4.4, and of neutralization equivalent 88.0 in


In this paper we introduced a design and essential learning process basic in Quantum dot cellularautomata(QCA) and Reversible logic gates using QCA. QCA it is nanoscale computing technology that can represents binary information using spatial distribution of electrons.It has features like extremely small feature size, and high clock frequency make QCA an attractive solution for implementing nano-scale architectures. The power dissipation is the main limitation of all Nano electronics including QCA. The Reversible computing is considered as the reliable solution for power dissipation. The realization of quantum computation is not possible without reversible logic also, the Information's are not loss in reversible circuits. Reversal gates are the main building blocks for reversible circuits.


The LLL MCS-8/80 microcomputer system is a modular, general-purpose microcomputer system based on the 8008 and 8080 microprocessors. This engineering note discusses the similarities and differences between the various printed-circuit memory modules available for use with the MCS-8/80 system.


The purpose of this study was to develop a new method of team teaching for training student teachers and to investigate the effectiveness of the method. The originality of this method is as follows:(1) Two student teachers shared the two roles of the instructor based on two main functions, i.e., Performance and Maintenance of the PM leadership theory, and they interacted between the two roles;(2) Four situations of teaching were designed with reference to the basic cognitive processes of learners. The teaching plan was made to define the teamwork of the two student teachers in each of the four situations. This study also prepared two types of teaching as controls: One was instructed by a student teacher as in the usual case, and the other by a professional teacher. Results indicated that in pupils' reaction, this method was relatively similar to the method used by a professional teacher and that it was proved more effective than the method by one student teacher, both in the training effectiveness of the student teachers' leadership and in the learning effectiveness of pupils.


On August 10, 1976, Greece addressed a communication to the President of the Security Council requesting an urgent meeting of the Council on the ground that "following recent repeated flagrant violations by Turkey of the sovereign rights of Greece in the continental shelf in the Aegean, a dangerous situation has been created threatening international peace and security." On the same day, by unilateral application, Greece instituted proceedings in the International Court of Justice against Turkey in "a dispute concerning the delimitation of the continental shelf appertaining to Greece and Turkey in the Aegean Sea, and concerning the respective legal rights of those States to explore and exploit the continental shelf of the Aegean." Also on the same day Greece filed a request for interim measures of protection asking the Court to direct that both Greece and Turkey


This thesis deals with the analysis of the language Yiddish in the magazine Tam-Tam and its comparison with the contemporary German. The prefixverbs and the regiments of verbs are analysed. The goal of this work is to demonstrate and to prove how Yiddish and German correspond and in which aspects they differ


215 HF patients is their younger age, smaller number of comorbidities, and a different clinical course of the disease, including a higher likelihood of beneficial left ventricular reverse remodeling. Precise evaluation of risks in DCM patients is of utmost importance, so that appropriate life counselling can be provided (eg, family plan‐ ning, career guidance), treatment can be guid‐ ed reliably (eg, step ‐up or step ‐down; ICD rec‐ ommendations, appropriate timing of heart transplantation) and the clinical course of the disease can be predicted. In the upcoming era of tailored medicine, the evaluation of disease ‐ ‐inherent risks is not merely an academic issue but the cornerstone of individualized manage‐ ment. Hence, modern cardiology is at the fore‐ front of scale ‐dedicated research, and there are now many validated and newly ‐published scales, including a score evaluatingthromboembolic risk in AF.4 Although the number of HF scales is consid‐ erable, they are all based on general HF cohorts, consisting mostly of patients with ischemic HF. Consequently, their application in DCM is some‐ what questionable. Surprisingly, there is still no scale applicable specifically to DCM. Therefore, to respond to this yet unmet clinical need, we developed a scale based on a fairly large DCM population. Briefly, we analyzed the records of 406 DCM patients during 48.2 months of follow ‐up.5 Initially, we examined 8 most pop‐ ular HF prognostic scales in DCM and found that all of them overestimated the true mortal‐ ity risks. Next, we built a unique linear model based on 21 parameters, including clinical, elec‐ trocardiographic, echocardiographic, and labo‐ ratory parameters, as well as the applied treat‐ ment. This newly ‐developed Krakow DCM Risk Score (Krakow ‐DCM) provided the best accu‐ racy and discriminative power in comparison with all other HF models. Although the number of required parameters is relatively large, all of them are readily available in DCM patients. Fur‐ thermore, the Krakow ‐DCM model supplies the To the editor We read with great interest the recent paper by Kucharz and Kułakowski1 pub‐ lished in the November 2020 issue of Kardio‐ logia Polska (Kardiol Pol, Polish Heart Journal), in which the authors raised the important is‐ sue of arrhythmic events (AEs) occurrence and implantable cardioverter ‐defibrillator (ICD) in‐ terventions in patients with heart failure (HF). The finding regarding the predictive role of frag‐ mented QRS (fQRS) in AE gives rise to a much ‐ ‐needed discussion on the novel management of ICD implantation. Given the lack of any clear benefits stemming from ICD implantation in unselected patients with dilated cardiomyop‐ athy (DCM), as shown in the previous studies, and the significant association between appro‐ priate ICD interventions and ischemic etiology of HF reported by Winkler et al2, we would like to give some consideration to the significant predictors of AE in DCM, especially due to the fact that in the analysis presented by Kucharz and Kułakowski,1 DCM patients constituted a quarter of the study population. Notably, none of the HF guidelines differen‐ tiate the management strategies based on eti‐ ology, whereas a growing body of evidence sug‐ gests potentially different levels of risk for AE and nonhomogenous benefits arising from pro‐ phylactic ICD implantations in HF. These obser‐ vations are particularly relevant in the context of the novel therapy with angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors, which reduces the risk for AE.3 Therefore, novel predictors of AE and ap‐ propriate ICD shocks are eagerly awaited and much sought ‐after in HF and DCM. Bearing in mind the recent important discovery of Kucharz and Kułakowski regarding the predictive role of fQRS in determination of AE risk in the gener‐ al HF cohort, we are wondering whether there is any relationship between fQRS and HF etiol‐ ogy (ie, ischemic vs nonischemic HF). As is well ‐known, nearly 1 in 5 patients with HF and reduced ejection fraction has DCM. What makes DCM patients different from other L E T T E R T O T H E E D I T O R


In this M.Sc. Thesis work it is examined if, with computerised image analysis, it is possible to automatically decide whether a pantograph is damaged and in need of maintenance. This problem arises ...


Morphing wings have the potential to achieve higher aerodynamic efficiency owing to the optimal deformed shapes they can obtain, a characteristic not attainable by wings employing conventional discrete control surfaces. This paper assesses both the aerodynamic and the structural performance of a morphing wing concept based on fully compliant morphing structures. In this investigation we show that sufficient control authority in roll can be achieved using the proposed design. The elements of the proposed morphing wing, in particular, the spatially distributed compliant structure, the geometry, and the smart material-based actuation mechanisms, were determined through a concurrent aero-structural optimization which considered both static and dynamic aeroelastic effects. As the entire wing structure is taken into account during the optimization, all components -- including the distributed actuators -- are exploited as load carrying elements, thereby increasing the structural efficiency of the final design. A pair of compliant wings was optimized and manufactured for a 1.6 m wingspan model airplane, with the goal of achieving sufficient control authority in roll by means of active morphing. The actual aeroelastic response of the manufactured wings was experimentally assessed during wind tunnel tests, which were performed at different speeds, angles of attack, and actuation levels. The ability of achieving variation in lift and in rolling moment, while maintaining a high aerodynamic efficiency, is investigated experimentally during the wind tunnel test campaign, and compared to the numerical predictions. The results show that the proposed concept is able to achieve rolling moments comparable to conventional solutions, and sufficient to guarantee the controllability of the flight. Furthermore, the efficiency of the airfoil is not penalized when actively deformed, and in some conditions the lift-to-drag ratio is even improved. This leads to the possibility of using the presented morphing technique to efficiently vary the lift produced by the wings, without the need of changing the aircraft pitch and thus allowing minimization of total drag.


ABSTRACT:Based on aspects of codicology and palaeography, combined with an examination of the cultural orbit of Crediton, Devon, this essay argues that the Old English version of Bede's Historia ecclesiastica (OEHE) in Cambridge, Corpus Christi College MS was copied in Crediton. The project of creating this large, decorated copy of the OEHE began under the direction of Lyfing, Bishop of Crediton (1027–46), who had close ties to King Cnut (1016–35). It can be read as Lyfing's attempt to continue Archbishop Wulfstan's initiative to provide the English with ideological continuity after the turmoil of the late tenth and early eleventh centuries by providing Cnut with an English version of Bede's 'mirror for kings'. Comparative digital palaeography suggests that the marginal additions may have been made by a Cornish-trained scribe either in Crediton or in Cornwall (if the book was moved), because of the political turmoil that followed the death of Cnut.


The invention discloses a tunnel model test device for achieving advanced detection of multiple geophysical fields. The tunnel model test device comprises a tunnel model cavity and a tunnel model face, wherein the tunnel model cavity is divided into an inner layer and an outer layer. The inner layer comprises a casing and a first reinforcement element positioned in the casing and used for restricting radial deformation of the casing, and the outer layer is provided with a second reinforcement element for restricting radial and axial deformation of the tunnel model cavity. Electrode installation holes, an electromagnetic coil support, in-well radar detection holes and transient electromagnetic advanced probe installation holes are formed in and arranged on the tunnel model face. The large-scale advance geology forecast tunnel model test device is provided for allowing advance forecasters to carry out multiple geophysical instrument tests in a model, the model is formed by winding glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite materials for one time and casted integrally, and therefore, the tunnel model test device is high in mechanical strength and good in electromagnetic wave transmission performance and is an ideal advance forecast geophysical instrument test platform.


Internet users are becoming ignorant with their data and the transparency of information due to the nature of high-speed internet today. Regrettably, internet users are deceived by engineering tactics performed by highly trained people, namely cybercriminals. Thus, in order to combat phishing attacks, internet users should be educated on security concerns, the influence of social engineering and anti-phishing knowledge. This paper presents a literature review of phishing, a type of cyber fraud, covering the types of phishing, the implications and governance. This study benefits the public to mitigate phishing attacks and increase phishing awareness.


An organisation's talent management practice is a human resource strategy aimed at identifying, developing, deploying and retaining talented and high-potential staff. Talent management is primarily among the human resource practices of employee development. By identifying and enhancing the skills of employees, it not only increases their efficiency, but also results in higher job satisfaction, increased motivation, and elevated retention rates of staff.The purpose of this research was to look into the impact of talent management on South Africa's banking sector, with reference to the retention of employees. Those included in the study were randomly selected managers and staff from FNB, ABSA and Nedbank. The study's goal was to investigate if targeted talent management influences the retention of employees within the organisation.This study used a descriptive research design. To obtain quantitative data, the researcher applied a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the quantitative data produced from Cronbach alpha, Z-test and Chi-square tests. The research disclosed that the primary talent methods are motivation, regular training and employee development.However, succession planning, career mentoring, recruitment, and selection - as talent management techniques have a direct relationship with employee retention. Based on the study's findings, it is recommended that the organisation should develop effective talent management practices aimed at increasing the retention of employees.


Vitamin D, the sunshine vitamin, has been made on earth for at least 750 million years. Vitamin D evolved during this time into a hormone not only for regulating calcium and bone metabolism, but also for a variety of noncalcemic actions that have been related to decreasing risk of common cancers, autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases and heart disease. Vitamin D requires hydroxylations in the liver and kidneys to be activated to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D]. 1,25(OH)2D interacts with its vitamin D receptor in target tissues to enhance intestinal calcium absorption, mobilize calcium from the skeleton and have a wide range of other genomic effects. 1,25(OH)2D3 is not only made in the kidneys, but made in many other tissues throughout the body for regulating cell proliferation, decreasing cellular malignancy and controlling the production of as many as 200 different gene products. Vitamin D status is determined by measuring serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. A blood level of 25(OH)D > 30 ng/ml is considered to be vitamin D sufficient, whereas < 20 ng/ml is deficient, and 21-29 is insufficient. Sun exposure is a major source of vitamin D for most humans. In the absence of sun exposure, at least 25 μg (1,000 IU) of vitamin D3 is required to satisfy the body's requirement. Prehistoric Perspective Vitamin D, the sunshine vitamin, is recognized for the prevention of rickets in children (1). It was also known that cod liver oil had the same effect as sunlight in the prevention and cure of rickets (1-3). Steenbock and Black (4) noted that Saleeby, who had advocated the greater hygienic utilization of sunlight, suggested that "vitamin D in cod liver oil was probably made by sunlight falling on the green phytoplankton in the far waters of the north Atlantic, and, thence


The way of treatment of an acute pancreatitis contrical, different from already known themes is offered that the preparation is entered in the big doses (100-200 thousand ЕД) intravenously with the help «Perfusor fm» or «Perfusor compact S» firms «B/Braun» within 24 hours with rate of 5-6 thousand ЕД at an o'clock. Treatment of 43 sick Lethal outcomes and complications is spent wasn't. All patients have recovered and have been written out from a hospital. Authors recommend the described way of treatment of an acute pancreatitis contrical to wide introduction in clinical practice.


Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and maternal high-fat diet (HFD) independently predispose offspring to hypertension. In a rat model, IUGR more so than maternal HFD increases arterial stiffness with vascular remodeling as early as post-natal day (PND) 21. The trajectory of such early vascular changes remains unknown. We hypothesized that IUGR would increase blood pressure (BP), arterial stiffness, and markers of ongoing detrimental vascular remodeling in adult rats exposed to a maternal HFD regardless of weaning diet. Adult female rats were fed either a regular diet (RD) or an HFD prior to mating through lactation. IUGR was induced by uterine artery ligation. Offspring were weaned to either a RD or HFD through PND 60. For both control (C) and IUGR (I) rats, this design resulted in 3 diet groups: offspring from RD dams weaned to a RD (CRR and IRR) and offspring from HFD dams weaned to a RD (CHR and IHR) or to an HFD (CHH and IHH). In both males and females, only IHH increased systolic BP, but IUGR and HFD both alone and in combination increased arterial stiffness. Aortas contained fewer but thicker elastin bands in IHH and IHR rats. IHH increased aortic Lysl oxidase protein. In summary, the PND 21 rat mediators of vascular remodeling from IUGR and maternal HFD normalize by PND 60 while changes in elastin and arterial stiffness persist. We speculate that the longer-term risk of hypertension from dietary mediators is augmented by underlying IUGR-induced structural changes to the extracellular matrix.


Estimating optical aberrations from volumetric intensity images is a key step in sensorless adaptive optics for microscopy. Here we describe a method (PHASENET) for fast and accurate aberration measurement from experimentally acquired 3D bead images using convolutional neural networks. Importantly, we show that networks trained only on synthetically generated data can successfully predict aberrations from experimental images. We demonstrate our approach on two data sets acquired with different microscopy modalities and find that PHASENET yields results better than or comparable to classical methods while being orders of magnitude faster. We furthermore show that the number of focal planes required for satisfactory prediction is related to different symmetry groups of Zernike modes. PHASENET is freely available as open-source software in Python.


In the present work we investigate effects of MeV heavy ions (from 0.4 MeV Xe to 15 MeV Si) on regularly ordered nanoparticle (NP) lattices embedded in amorphous alumina matrix. These nanostructures were produced by self-assembling growth using magnetron-sputtering deposition. From grazing incidence small-angle x-ray scattering measurements we have found that the used MeV heavy ions do not change the NP sizes, shapes or distances among them. However, ions cause a tilt of the entire NP lattice in the direction parallel to the surface. The tilt angle depends on the incident ion energy, type and the applied fluence and a nearly linear increase of the tilt angle with the ion fluence and irradiation angle was found. This way, MeV heavy ion irradiation can be used to design custom-made NP lattices. In addition, grazing incidence small-angle x-ray scattering can be effectively used as a method for the determination of material redistribution/shift caused by the ion hammering effect. For the first time, the deformation yield in amorphous alumina was determined for irradiation performed at the room temperature.


Abstract. A neighborhood-dependent component feature learning method for regression analysis in single-image superresolution is presented. Given a low-resolution input, the method uses a directional Fourier phase feature component to adaptively learn the regression kernel based on local covariance to estimate the high-resolution image. The unique feature of the proposed method is that it uses image features to learn about the local covariance from geometric similarity between the low-resolution image and its high-resolution counterpart. For each patch in the neighborhood, we estimate four directional variances to adapt the interpolated pixels. This gives us edge information and Fourier phase gives features, which are combined to interpolate using kernel regression. In order to compare quantitatively with other state-of-the-art techniques, root-mean-square error and measure mean-square similarity are computed for the example images, and experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms similar techniques available in the literature, especially at higher resolution scales.


The research about sports management has been improved in the last years. To know the characteristics of the produced researches can allow to identify the choices of researchers and the gaps existing. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the scientific publication on Sport Management, which focuses on action and intervention manager. It conducted the literature in four electronic databases. They were identified 40 articles that met the inclusion criteria, 11 trials, 6 review articles or documentary research and 23 original articles. The most discussed topics was the training of sports management, sports management as to its organization and public policies in sports and leisure. By analyzing the method adopted in the studies, it was possible to identify the growth in the number of publications in recent years and the predominance of quantitative research, built from an empirical-analytic conception of science. It is important diversification of research conducted with the use qualitative researches that allow a closer relationship with the actual context of management.


Lots of convolutional neural network (CNN)-based methods have been proposed to implement face completion with regular holes. However, in practical applications, irregular holes are more common to see. Moreover, due to the distinct attributes and large variation of appearance for human faces, it is more challenging to fill irregular holes in face images while keeping content consistent with the rest region. Since facial attributes (e.g., gender, smiling, pointy nose, etc.) allow for a more understandable description of one face, they can provide some hints that benefit the face completion task. In this work, we propose a novel attributes-guided face completion network (AttrFaceNet), which comprises a facial attribute prediction subnet and a face completion subnet. The attribute prediction subnet predicts facial attributes from the rest parts of the corrupted images and guides the face completion subnet to fill the missing regions. The proposed AttrFaceNet is evaluated in an end-to-end way on commonly used datasets CelebA and Helen. Extensive experimental results show that our method outperforms state-of-the-art methods qualitatively and quantitatively especially in large mask size cases. Code is available at https://github.com/FVL2020/AttrFaceNet.


The application of large-scale blasting in stope leaching of Lantian Uranium Mine is described.The emphasis is placed on organization management of construction,safety technique,and calculation of ventilation time and monitoring after blasting.


The present study investigates the effects of chemical treatment in characterising the physicomechanical properties of coir geotextiles. Two woven and two non woven coir geotextiles were used in this study. All four types of coir geotextiles were chemically treated with unsaturated polyester resin and bitumen emulsion. The results reveal that the tensile strength of untreated and treated woven and nonwoven coir geotextiles was higher in the warp/machine direction as compared to the weft/cross-machine direction respectively. The chemical treatment increased the tensile strength and decreased the tensile elongation of both woven and non woven coir geotextiles respectively. The chemical treatment modifies the surface morphology of both the woven and nonwoven coir geotextiles.


Dates are one of the oldest fruit trees grown in warm and subtropical regions of the world. Each year in date-producing countries, a significant amount of palm kernel is produced as a byproduct in palm fruit processing. Due to its significant amounts of carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals and fiber, as well as low cost and ease of access, date palm kernel has been considered today as a functional source of high economic justification for food products. In this research, this by- product was used in the production of functional cookies. So that the effect of replacing 0 to 30 percent of date palms flour in the formula on the moisture, ash, raw and diet fiber content, phenolic compounds, antioxidant properties, colorimetric indices, firmness and sensory properties of treatments, was investigated. The results of this study indicate that increasing the replacement of palm kernel flour increased ash, phenolic compounds, antioxidants, fiber types, total acceptance, texture firmness and color index a *, and also reduced the moisture content and the index L * and b *. The evaluation of the findings especially the taste, showed that the replacement of palm kernel flour up to 20% caused producing high-quality, nutritious and durable cookies.


wiper blade (1) of a motor vehicle, comprising: - a flexible scraper (6) elongate; - an outlet conduit (23) disposed so as to project a jet of liquid substantially along the longitudinal direction of the wiper blade (6); characterized in that the outlet duct (23) is offset on the side of the flexible scraper (6) relative to the longitudinal median plane of the flexible scraper (6).


Abstract Objectives To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Responses to Positive Affect (RPA) questionnaire in a sample of persons with bipolar disorder (BD). Method Cross‐sectional survey study with 107 persons with BD. The original 3‐factor model of the RPA was compared with a 2‐factor model. Construct validity was determined with measures of well‐being, personal recovery, social role participation, and psychopathology and incremental validity was evaluated. Results The fit of the 3‐factor model was acceptable for most fit indices. Subscores of the RPA revealed a significant relationship with aspects of well‐being, personal recovery, and psychopathology. Dampening and self‐focused positive rumination explained additional variance in personal recovery above and beyond well‐being. Conclusions The RPA is an internally consistent and valid tool to assess positive emotion regulation processes in persons with BD. Specifically, the processes of dampening and emotion‐focused positive rumination seem to play an important role in BD.


The presence of myopia may be associated with a decreased demand for accommodation and hence lower convergence. This may predispose to an increased risk of developing exotropia.The study was conducted on myopic patients with extropia to compare the effect of myopic LASIK overcorrection versus myopic LASIK with optimum correction on the deviation degree of exotropia. this study was performed on 60 myopic patients with extropia. Patients were randomlly allocated in two equal groups ; group A operated by Lasik with optimum correction and group B operated by Lasik with overcorrection by -0.75. Patients were followed up one day, one week, one month and three months after surgery at each time for UCVA, manifest refraction, BSCVA, and degree of exophoria. There was a statistically significant decrease of the angle in patients underwent overcorrection (15.56±8.00) compared to patients underwent optimal correction (30.50±12.06) (P-value). This finding means that myopic refractive error overcorrection may help to improve control and alignment in intermittent exotropia. Myopic overcorrection in patients with intermittent exotropia was associated with significant improvement in the intermittent exotropia as compared with optimum correction


We demonstrate the integration of graphene with conventional flash memory technology. The structure allows for programmable memory by electrostatic doping in graphene. The device could also find applications in tunable plasmonics, chemical sensing, photodetection, etc.


We compute the behaviour of Hodge data under tensor product with a unitary rank-one local system and middle convolution with a Kummer unitary rank-one local system for an irreducible variation of polarized complex Hodge structure on a punctured complex ane line.


ABSTRACT The David Malouf Collections at Canberra and Brisbane archive the manuscripts, correspondence, and diary entries of the noted Australian writer. Malouf's authorship transforms these ordinary drafts and materials into finished works that are recognised and read internationally. The present paper attempts to indicate some nodes from the collections which bear traces of this metamorphosis of the commonplace into the novel. The paper is divided into three sections. The introductory part reflects on a recent study conducted on the manuscript collections of J. M. Coetzee. Through a close reading of Malouf's Fly Away Peter, it argues that much like Coetzee, the former's novels also figure the 'writing event' in their narrative in a manner that exceeds the various contexts of its production, reception, and exchange. The second segment of the paper pays particular attention to three novels of Malouf – Johnno, An Imaginary Life, and The Great World. It close-reads sections from these works to underline the significance of the way their published versions differ from their numerous drafts and re-drafts. The conclusion discusses the implications of such dissonance in terms of some current developments in the fields of 'postcritical' thinking, literary editing, and book history.


The effect of an equilibrium poloidal electric field on the neoclassical transport coefficients is studied in the banana regime, and a significant enhancement (a factor of 2 or more) is obtained for the physically interesting case where the magnitude of the electrostatic potential inhomogeneity is of the same order as the magnetic field inhomogeneity in a tokamak.


As consumer marketers have become increasingly disenchanted with traditional "shotgun" mass‐media approaches to reaching customers, database marketing has emerged as the answer to marketers' woes. Despite its widespread use by direct marketers, database marketing is relatively new to consumer marketers and, as such, leaves some consumer marketers confused as to why it works and how to implement a database program. Presents a managerially relevant introduction to database marketing. Defines database marketing, outlines its advantages and disadvantages and describes application examples. Provides managers with a practical approach to developing a database marketing program. Reviews some trends in database marketing to prepare the consumer marketer for changes in the database marketing program.


Rise in population aging as well as diffusion of chronic diseases and health consciousness require constant monitoring of health conditions but also lead to increasing costs for the governments. Body Area Networks represent the next frontier in health care and are envisaged as the natural choice to provide detailed and updated information on health status to prevent health risks and diseases. However if, on the one hand, a large research effort has been devoted so far to the investigation of BAN communications on and around the body, on the other hand intra-BAN communications are still a scarcely explored area because of the difficulties and risks in successfully propagating signals inside the body where RF waves cannot be employed. In this paper we propose to use ultrasonic waves for intra-BANs and we investigate on the feasibility of supporting multihopping among different intra-body devices which communicate with a gateway node in charge of transmitting health information to a remote medical center. We discuss system implementation using Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) nodes and test the feasibility of multihop transmissions across a body phantom enhanced with organic tissues. Our analysis shows that multihop transmission is feasible and can be effectively employed to support communications in next-generation E-Health applications.


Well-defined diblock copolymers of polystyrene and aromatic polyether were synthesized by the combination of atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and chain-growth condensation polymerization (CGCP) from an orthogonal initiator. A polystyrene macroinitiator was first synthesized by the ATRP of styrene in the presence of 4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl chloride (FBS−Cl) as an orthogonal initiator, then the terminal chlorine of the polystyrene was dehalogenated with Et3SiH/Pd(OAc)2. The CGCP of potassium 5-cyano-4-fluoro-2-propylphenolate (1) was then carried out with the polystyrene macroinitiator in sulfolane at 150 °C. However, not only polystyrene-b-aromatic polyether but also macrocycles of 1 were obtained, due to transetherification of the p-sulfonylphenyl ether linkage of the macroinitiator with 1. In contrast, the CGCP of 1 from another polystyrene macroinitiator bearing a keto group, which was prepared similarly by the ATRP of styrene with 4-(1-bromoethyl)-4'-fluorobenzophenone (FBP−Br) as an orthogo...


Objective To reduce the complications of augmentation rhinoplasty with silicons and improve the effect of rhinoplasty. Methods The causative reasons of complications were analyzed and the preventive measures and precautions were presented. Results Among 628 cases who underwent the operation, except for prt swelling after the operation, there were only 16 cases with the complication of partial hematoma, 16 cases with silicone deflected, 4 cases with margin or peak of silicone curled, 2 cases with unnatural excretion, and there were no silicone revealed or infected happen. Conclusion For reducing the complications, it was important for the operators according to the different deformity cases to determine the trimmed location, choose the suitable incision, dissect carefully the nasal dorsum fascia and carve the silicon.


This paper presents an algorithm to reconstruct the 3D-shading image of the prostate from a series of ultrasound cross-sectional images of the organ. In the proposed method, the image is first smoothed by direction-based low pass filtering. The center of the prostate is estimated and then a search process radiated from the estimated center is performed to locate the prostate boundary by using matched filtering. Next, edge linking including a priori knowledge is employed to obtain the 2D contour. The Hermite-surface approach is used to interpolate the spatial data to reconstruct 3D object's surface from a series of 2D contours. The diffuse reflection and Gouraud shading are used to create the depth effect of the 3D images of the prostate. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm work well on our data and can be applied on similar data without intervention most of the time.


In the 1970s and 1980s there was considerable interest in the increasingly prominent political role played by the so-called 'image makers'. These were the 'hired gun' consultants charged with helping to manufacture a frequently idealized view of their candidate clients. The 1990s saw similar levels of comment and speculation on the personalities and activities of the 'spin doctors', the politicians' own corps of public relations specialists. Not uncommonly (and unconnected with their desire for commercially helpful publicity) these 'backstairs' players have become well-known figures in their own right. This has particularly been the case in the USA, home to the world's largest and most important market-place in political consultancy. Bruce Newman, a leading academic commentator, provides a useful overview of the impact marketing has had on American elections. The book provides some useful, concise and up-to-date commentaries on the most famous uses of marketing in the pursuit of electoral objectives. Landmark innovations from the first-ever private polling done in 1932 by George Gallup on behalf of his mother-in-law to Clinton's famed 1992 campaign 'War Room' are introduced and discussed. Similarly, attention is drawn to Jimmy Carter's successful use of voter segmentation in 1976 and the Reagan team's reliance on 'integrated marketing' as a means of ensuring success. Mention is also made of the more infamous 'attack' campaigns. Tony Schwartz's celebrated advert 'Daisy' on behalf of Democratic hopeful Lyndon Johnson is reviewed, as is the controversial 'Willie Horton' commercial that contributed to destabilizing Michael Dukakis's once promising bid for the presidency in 1988. Implicit in these discussions is an association between the use of marketing and victory. Arguably, however, Goldwater in 1964, like Mondale in 1984, lost for overarching political reasons. Drawing attention to their opponents' slick advertising perhaps overstates the importance of a medium that, whilst symbolically important, may have had little to do with the end result. Post hoc rationalization, especially in the media, often overlooks the uneasy and uncomfortable fusion between marketing and politics. Besides looking at elections, Newman comments on how the Clinton White House used marketing in government. An interesting comparison is made between the ill-fated and much maligned product 'New Coke' and the 'New' Democrats' health care reform plans. The book suggests that effective marketing on the part of the strong medical insurance lobby effectively blocked this (major) element of Clinton's 1992 programme. Similarly, there is also discussion of the White House's successful public relations' offensive in the wake of the Lewinsky scandal. The sheer ineptitude of the opposition in this case raises questions as to when and how the effective use of marketing techniques could have a major impact on government.


The One Health approach, in which feed, food, animal health, public health and contamination of the environment are considered as very closely linked, is regarded as the best way to achieve significant progress of health in these fields. The current European Union funded projects aimed to achieve a major step forward for Europe in the domains of foodborne zoonoses and antimicrobial resistance. The 6th and 7th Framework programs initiated networks, such as ERA-Net, Networks of Excellence (NoE), Joint Program initiatives (JPI), Infrastructure program. The European Joint Action (JA) aims to promote synergies among the EU Member States by developing and implementing effective One Health policies to combat the growing threat of antibiotic resistance. The One Health European Joint Project (EJP) is a large co-funded project on emerging threats, zoonoses and antimicrobial resistance. If a One Health approach has been proposed to tackle the challenges by accepting that their complexity requires interdisciplinary approach, no standardized methodologies were available for quantitative evaluation of One Health activities. The Network for Evaluation of One Health (NEOH) represents a major contribution in that field. Key Words : One health, European Networks, Human-animal interface, Zoonoses, Antimicrobial resistance, Evaluation, Added value.


In this paper it is shown how the robustness and the coordination of the voltage regulation actions for the transmission grid can be improved. Simpler approaches which ensure higher robustness and performances can be used if the control objectives are pursued at two hierarchical levels of different nature. Also, this is a way to coordinate means of control of different nature with a sufficient time and methodological separation in order to avoid negative mutual influence. At the first level, called the static level, optimal reachable set-points are computed for the second control level, called the dynamic level. The static level can be combined with the shunt reactive power compensation. The system non-linearities are taken into account at the static level while the dynamic level is a linear robust predictive control which takes into account the presence of asynchronous transmission delays. The predictive control strategy is based on the separation property; the output delays are handled using an original steady-state Kalman predictor of order equal to the length of the state of the system without delays. The robustness is improved at the dynamic level against uncertain delays, parametric uncertainties (like, e.g., moderate topological errors and load variations not taken into account in the control model) and unmodelled dynamics. The two-level organisation of the control allows, on one hand, to take into account the important evolutions of the system (like, e.g., large and known topological and load changes) and, on the other hand, a coherent hybrid reactive power control: the switched control of the grid shunt compensation for the reactive power is done at the static level while the reactive power injection provided by the generators is continuously handled at the dynamic level. This is a theoretical analysis of how concepts of automatic control and voltage regulation of power systems can be combined. To be applied as a control scheme, the results presented here should be adapted to a specific context (particularities of the power system and of the organisation of the power industry). They can be used, eventually in conjunction with other improvements, to existing horizontally-organised interconnections (in which all generators of a controlled region can be easily managed since owned by the same utility) or to face specific requirements of moving to the open access in the electric power industry like, e.g., tolerating simplified models in order to cover larger regions, taking into account the interaction between regions, recalibrating set-points, assisting human operator when necessary or facilitating implementation of mechanisms for the management of the reactive power based on price signals.


With the development of international trade and the progress of the RMB internationalization process, the exchange rate fluctuation and exchange rate elasticity of the RMB increased, which caused the foreign exchange exposure of our enterprises to further increase. The Foreign exchange risk not only affect corporate profits through product prices, raw material prices and labor prices, but also affect the competitiveness of Chinese enterprises in the international market. Therefore, how to manage foreign exchange risk is of great significance for Chinese enterprises in international trade.


As the Internet becomes more important to the everyday lives of people around the world, commentators have tried to identify the best policies increasing the deployment and adoption of high-speed broadband technologies. Some claim that the European model of service-based competition, induced by telephone-style regulation, has outperformed the facilities-based competition underlying the US approach to promoting broadband deployment. The mapping studies conducted by the US and the EU for 2011 and 2012 reveal that the US led the EU in many broadband metrics. • High-Speed Access: A far greater percentage of US households had access to Next Generation Access (NGA) networks (25 Mbps) than in Europe. This was true whether one considered coverage for the entire nation (82% vs. 54%) or for rural areas (48% vs. 12%).• Fiber Deployment: The US had better coverage for fiber-to-the-premises (FTTP) (23% vs. 12%). Furthermore, FTTP remained a less important contributor to NGA coverage than other technologies.• Regression Analysis of Key Policy Variables: Regressions built around the mapping date indicate that the US emphasis on facilities-based competition has proven more effective in promoting NGA coverage than the European emphasis on infrastructure sharing and service-based competition.• Investment: Other data indicate that the US broadband industry has invested more than two times more capital per household than the European broadband industry every year from 2007 to 2012. In 2012, for example, the US industry invested US$ 562 per household, while EU providers invested only US$ 244 per household.• Download Speeds: US download speeds during peak times (weekday evenings) averaged 15 Mbps in 2012, which was below the European average of 19 Mbps. There was also a disparity between the speeds advertised and delivered by broadband providers in the US and Europe. During peak hours, US actual download speeds were 96% of what was advertised, compared to Europe where consumers received only 74% of advertised download speeds. The US also fared better in terms of advertised vs. actual upload speeds, latency, and packet loss.• Pricing: The European pricing study reveals that US broadband was cheaper than European broadband for all speed tiers below 12 Mbps. US broadband was more expensive for higher speed tiers, although the higher cost was justified in no small part by the fact that US Internet users on average consumed 50% more bandwidth than their European counterparts.Case studies of eight European countries (Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom) confirm that facilities-based competition has served as the primary driver of investments in upgrading broadband networks. Moreover, the countries that emphasized fiber-to-the-premises had the NGA coverage rates in this study and ranked among the lowest NGA coverage rates in the European Union. In fact, two countries often mentioned as leaders in broadband deployment (Sweden and France) end up being rather disappointing both in terms of national NGA coverage and rural NGA coverage. These case studies emphasize that broadband coverage is best promoted by a flexible approach that does not focus exclusively on any one technology.


Objective To understand validity,feasibility,and acceptability of STD mass treatment integrated with comprehensive intervention for female sex workers(FSWs).Methods Two cities were selected: one as treatment group,the other as control group.For the treatment group,206 FSWs were given monthly azithromycin,ciprofloxacin and other medicines targeting vaginal infection.Health education and condom promotion were conducted at the same time.They were followed up for 3 months to observe the changes of STD rates.For the control group,201 FSWs received the same health education service except for mass treatment.Results The rates of chlamydial and gonococcal infections were 34.5% and 23.8% before intervention,and 37.9% and 22.9% after intervention,in treatment group;33.3% and 25.4% before intervention,and 53.1% and 25.0% after intervention,in the control group,respectively.There was no significant change in both chlamydial and gonococcal infection rates before and after intervention in treatment group.However,chlamydial infection increased after intervention in control group.Significant difference in chlamydial infection rates was found between two groups after intervention.Most(78.6%)of FSWs were reported to accept taking medicine after meal.60.1% of FSWs were unwilling to take medicine henceforth.Conclusion Mass treatment with azithromycin could inhibit increasing of chlamydial infection rate.However,it is important to combine mass treatment with enhanced comprehensive intervention including health education/counseling service and condom promotion for FSWs.


Objective

To describe the role of diagnostic laparoscopy, salpingoscopy, surgical laparoscopy, and diagnostic and surgical hysteroscopy in infertile patients, with special attention to techniques of assisted reproduction.

Design

A personal review.

Setting

The Regional Center for Ambulatory Surgery and Infertility, Florence, Italy.

Subjects

Infertile patients undergoing assisted reproduction procedures.

Interventions

Diagnostic laparoscopy, salpingoscopy, surgical laparoscopy, diagnostic and surgical hysteroscopy.

Main outcome measures and results

Diagnostic laparoscopy was considered mandatory in infertile patients when there was suspected tubal, ovarian or peritoneal disease interfering with the capacity to reproduce. The value of other methods as alternatives to laparoscopy and dye insufflation in the management of infertile patients was also evaluated. Salpingoscopy was also reviewed, with the conclusion that this technique is very important in the infertility work up because it allows a prognosis concerning the possibility of conception according to the status of the mucosal folds. Diagnostic hysteroscopy was evaluated. This technique is an extremely reliable outpatient procedure in infertility diagnosis and it allows savings in health costs, even though, unfortunately, it is not yet widely used. The indications for and results of hysteroscopic surgery were also reviewed. Hysteroscopic operations, compared with traditional surgery, involve reduced risk, shortened hospitalization, reduced costs and better results. Considering endoscopic techniques in relation to assisted reproduction, the importance of laparoscopy and hysteroscopy in the selection and preparation of infertile patients was evaluated. However, the direct involvement of endoscopic techniques in gamete retrieval and transfer was considered to give inconsistent results.

Conclusion

There are clear advantages in using endoscopic surgical techniques, and many traditional surgical approaches can be replaced by operative laparoscopy and hysteroscopy. Considering assisted reproduction and endoscopic techniques, we should emphasize the importance of laparoscopy and hysteroscopy in the selection and preparation of infertile patients.


The future of India is seen in villages-Mahatma Gandhi. According to the cencus of India in 2011, 68% of Population resides in rural areas. The present data tells that the working population of  India will surpass working population of China since 2040. Sixteen Ministeries of Indian government have signed over the introduction of Skill Develpoment for effective function. Rural Develpoment Ministry has re-organazied its programme from the last experiences of 15 years in programme of Skill Development training in the shap of DDUGKY programme. Inspite of many government efforts it is not a less challenging to shape Skill India in to Trained India.


A method, system, and product in a data processing system are disclosed for providing centralized management of an INFINIBAND distributed system-area network that includes multiple end nodes. A manager application is established in one of the end nodes. An agent application is established in one or more end nodes. Each agent application is independent from the manager application. The manager application maintains a current list of active agent applications and uses the list to manage the agent applications in the end nodes.


Laser scanners provide a three-dimensional sampled representation of the surfaces of objects. The spatial resolution of the data is much higher than that of conventional surveying methods. The data collected from different locations of a laser scanner must be transformed into a common coordinate system. If good a priori alignment is provided and the point clouds share a large overlapping region, existing registration methods, such as the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) or Chen and Medioni's method, work well. In practical applications of laser scanners, partially overlapping and unorganised point clouds are provided without good initial alignment. In these cases, the existing registration methods are not appropriate since it becomes very difficult to find the correspondence of the point clouds. A registration method, the Geometric Primitive ICP with the RANSAC (GPICPR), using geometric primitives, neighbourhood search, the positional uncertainty of laser scanners, and an outlier removal procedure is proposed in this thesis. The change of geometric curvature and approximate normal vector of the surface formed by a point and its neighbourhood are used for selecting the possible correspondences of point clouds. In addition, an explicit expression of the position uncertainty of measurement by laser scanners is presented in this dissertation and this position uncertainty is utilised to estimate the precision and accuracy of the estimated relative transformation parameters between point clouds. The GP-ICPR was tested with both simulated data and datasets from close range and terrestrial laser scanners in terms of its precision, accuracy, and convergence region. It was shown that the GP-ICPR improved the precision of the estimated relative transformation parameters as much as a factor of 5. In addition, the rotational convergence region of the GP-ICPR on the order of 10◦, which is much larger than the ICP or its variants, provides a window of opportunity to utilise this automated registration method in practical applications such as terrestrial surveying and deformation monitoring.


The effects of feeding imidacloprid were assessed in the liver of Japanese quails and studied the effect of feed mix of Butea monosperma on ameliorating effect against the imidacloprid toxicity. The serum biochemical assay revealed significant increase in AST, ALT and GGT in imidacloprid treated birds. Histologically, the liver showed sinusoidal dilatation, bile duct hyperplasia and periportal necrosis. Ultra thin sections of liver revealed numerous fat globules, condensed hepatocytes and mitochondria with granular cytoplasm. It was observed that co-treatment with Butea monosperma moderately restored the imidacloprid induced changes.


The reunification of South and North Korea may be national hope, which could not be accomplished in near future. However the social integration of South-North Korea should be pursued, in order to progress the reunification steadily. First of all, economic cooperation between South and North Korea should be activated. Through economic cooperation South and North Korea could communicate each other and develop common interest. Under present situation, trade and sightseeing is not freely progressed because of different viewpoint about surrounding political situation. However both partners should overcome the difficulties in order to progress the economic cooperation. Secondly, democracy should be developed in South and North Korea, in order to accomplish social integration. In South Korea liberal democracy has been developed, whereas North Kore is quite different. In order to develop the democracy in North Korea, the political leader should accept reformation and innovation similar to that of China. In South Korea substantial equality in economic and political areas should be attained, whereby discrepancy and conflict in liberal democracy could be overcome. Thirdly, the human rights and economic improvement of the North Korean defectors should be protected. In order to attain social integration in South and North Korea, the law of both partners should be reformed. In South Korea the legal characteristics of South and North trade and travel should be clearly be defined in related laws. The social status of North Korean defectors should be improved in concerned law. The complicated procedure in South and North trade and travel should be simplified in related laws. In North Korea the protectional law of South Korean investors should be newly inacted, whereby the personal safety and commercial interest of South Korean investors should be specially protected. The legal status of South Korean investor should be improved in related law. The reasonal corporate gevernance should be established in law of joint-venture company. The strict legal regulation of labor relation should be overcome through the revision of labor law.


Abstract: Although the cannabinoids are effective antidotes to the nausea and vomiting produced by cancer chemotherapy, they also have other properties that may be of therapeutic value. These should be explored. The possibility of interactions, both useful and harmful, between the anticancer drugs and other drugs used at the same time needs intensive study.


The concept of "universals of translation" was first proposed by Toury (1977). Later, Toury (2004, p.17) argues that he first used the word "universals", but then he preferred the word "laws" because of the possibility of exception built into it. We believe that lengthening is a major manifestation of explicitation and thus the two aspects are consistent with each other. The current paper plans to seek empirical evidence to the argumentation of "universals/laws" of translation by designing two experiments. Statistical results indicate that there is obvious explicitation in English-Chinese translation, while Chinese-English translation negates the hypothesis of explicitation.


. Long-term rainfall and temperature trends of Bundelkhand region of India were investigated in this study. The annual, seasonal and monthly rainfall trends as well as seasonal and annual minimum, maximum and mean temperature trends were analysed using monthly data series of 102 years (1901-2002). Mann-Kendall (MK) test and Sen's slope method were applied for trend detection and trend magnitudes determination. Significantly decreasing trends during monsoon were found with magnitude ranging from 1.049 mm/year to 0.497 mm/year. Both increasing and decreasing trends were found in the annual rainfall. Large fluctuations in temperature trends were observed. Based on the results of rainfall and temperature variability of the region, suitability classes for rain-fed agriculture were delineated. The negative growth rate was found in the cultivated area, production and productivity of paddy, peas and soybean during 1991-2010. Decreasing trends of rainfall and temperature during monsoon and increasing trends of rainfall and temperature in post-monsoon have been affected agricultural production of the region.


Rhodium complexes (RhClL3, RhCl(CO)L2, [RhCl(COD)]2; L=PPh3) catalyze hydrostannation of terminal acetylenes (RC≡CH; R=Ph, Me3Si, R1OC(R2)(R3), and R1OCH2CH2; R1=THP, OAc; R1, R2=H, Me) with Bu3SnH to produce R(Bu3Sn)C=CH2 selectively. Other transition metal complexes [MCl2L2(M=Ni, Pd, Pt, Co)] are also active for the hydrostannation, but with less selectivity.


This paper proposes a methodology for developing the performance of a solenoid valve for vehicles based on the dynamic analysis model by an electromagnetic field. The high performance solenoid model with a low current and high thrust was induced through the shape optimal design of the yoke and plunger. To perform the dynamic analysis of the solenoid valve, the input current profile was analyzed. The speed and thrust information was analyzed by FEM with this current profile. The co-simulation method of the circuit model of control logic and electromagnetic model of the solenoid valve was also proposed to analyze the performance with several current patterns. Finally, the performance of the original model and optimal one was compared..


An evaluation of the frequency of via fracturing in GaAs MMIC (monolithic microwave integrated circuit) devices is presented. After the development of a test pattern, devices were reflow-soldered to carrier plates utilizing gold-tin solder (80/20). Via fractures were tabulated and analyzed resulting, in a number of comparisons: frequency of fracturing as a function of via density, center vs. edge positioning on the device, linear vs. cluster arrangement of the vias, via diameter, and device thickness. Finally, guidelines were developed for reduction of the frequency of fracturing. It is concluded that to minimize the rate of via fracturing in GaAs devices mounted with AuSn solder, vias should be of the smallest diameter possible with current etch technology; slice thickness should not exceed 4 mils; and vias should be spaced no closer than 10 mils, edge-to-edge.<<ETX>>


: We investigatecl the association between the DMFT index at l2 years of age and urbanization in 39 deve]oping countries. First, cluster ana]ysis was performed to divide the 39 countries into subgroups based un their patterns of urbanization. These developing countries were then assigned to one of two groups (cluster 1 and cluster 2), These two clusters were characterized by three factors relatecl to urbanization, namely, the percentage of the population aged between 15"v64 years, the population employed in the service seetor, a'nd the urban population, Next, the subgroups were compared with regard to the DMFT index at 12 years of age. The less urbanized countries of cluster 1 had a significantly lower DMFT index than the mere highly urbanized ceuntries of cluster 2 (p<O.OOI). This finding suggests that the prevalence of dental caries is increasing rapidly in the developing countries with higher urbanization such as Korea and South Africa, and therefore, a dental caries preventive program should be developed immediately in these countries.


Surveying the field of the economics of the household, the second edition of this text reviews the theory of the consumer at the intermediate undergraduate level. The text applies and extends the theory to consumer demand and expenditures; consumption and saving; time allocation among market work, home work, and leisure; human capital emphasizing investment in education, children, and health; fertility; marriage; anddivorce. InfluencedbyGaryBecker andhis associates, the models developed are used to help explainmodernU.S. trends in family behavior. Topics are discussedwith the aid of geometry and a little algebra. For those with a background in calculus, mathematical endnotes provide the models on which the text discussions are based and interesting applications beyond the scope of the text. The work is suitable for upper-level undergraduates in economics, consumer economics, and public policy programs. The text is also useful as an introduction to the economics of the family for graduate students in sociology, demography, and the policy sciences.


Significance: The ability to control primary structure in the synthesis of block co-polymers is important in fine-tuning polymer properties for specific applications. This report demonstrates the use of an electrochemical stimulus to switch polymerization on or off or to selectively switch between polymerization of lactide (1) and cyclohexene oxide (2) monomers, enabling the synthesis of sequence-defined block co-polymers without sequential addition of chemical reagents. Comment: The key to this scheme is an iron complex that is an active catalyst for the ring-opening polymerization of lactide 1 in the reduced [FeII] state but is inactive towards polymerization of cyclohexene oxide 2. Conversely, when [FeII] is oxidized to [FeIII], it catalyzes the polymerization of 2 while remaining inert towards 1. This unique behavior made it possible to exert temporal control over homopolymerization of 1 by modulating the applied electrochemical potential. Additionally, block co-polymers 3 and 4 could be accessed from monomers 1 and 2 present in the same pot by appropriate selection of the initial catalyst redox state and subsequent oxidative or reductive electrolysis. 1. [FeII] (0.5 mol%)


The present paper deals with real infinite‐dimensional normed spaces; some of the main concepts here make sense, and have been treated in the literature, in the general context of topological Hausdorff linear spaces over reals.


Moral distress is defined as "arising when one knows the right thing to do but institutional constraints prevent one from taking the right action". This phenomenon has been explored in the literature and identifies significant impacts for health practitioners, patients and organisations. What has not been explored is how moral distress is experienced in multidisciplinary teams (MDT's). This research is a PhD study. Case study methodology has been engaged to explore moral distress in three MDT's providing end-of-life care. This context is one in which there are many decision making points and is an area in which moral distress is experienced both frequently and intensely. Moral distress often arises from the performance of unnecessary tests and treatments to patients and from the conflict between family and health practitioners. The themes emerging from the literature included the effects of moral distress on practitioners, patients and the professions. Health practitioners suffered physical and psychological symptoms and disengagement. Patients suffered as practitioners disengaged and lacked care and compassion. The profession suffered as practitioners left the professions or sought out positions with less patient contact. This presentation will include the preliminary findings from this esearch. The outcome of this research intends to highlight the gaps in identifying how moral distress is experienced within the MDT's caring for patients at the end-of-life.


Following the documentation of significant and reproducible student content learning gains through the use of the Tutorials at the University of Colorado (CU), we seek to understand the meaning that students are making of this reform. Spanning five years of Tutorials use at CU, we investigate if students' perceptions of the Tutorials shift (become more or less favorable) after the Tutorials have become fully institutionalized. We find that they do not. We observe some semesters where the majority of students perceive the Tutorials to be highly useful for their learning, but this is rarely the case. We determine that students at CU generally do not like the Tutorials. Students' perceptions of the utility and enjoyment of Tutorials do vary significantly on a semester‐by‐semester basis suggesting that both the lead and secondary faculty members involved in a Tutorial course may influence the students' experience in Tutorials.


Acknowledgments. Timeline. Editor's Introduction: History, Handed Down. 1. Old World Explores New: Settling and Securing Newfoundland in the early 1600s. 2. The Chesapeake: Indenturing Labor, 1694. 3. Life in Seventeenth-Century New England: Massachusetts in the 1690s. 4. The Middle Colonies: A Philadelphia Furrier, 1738. 5. The Lower South and Slave Society: Slave Resistance and Imperial Contests, 1739. 6. Social Order in the Eighteenth-Century South: Slavery and Virginia's Gentry in the 1720s. 7. The Great Awakening: A Letter to George Whitefield, 1746. 8. Empire and Native Americans: The Treaty of Lancaster, 1744. 9. Imperial Crises and the Coming of Revolution: The Politicization of a Colonial Merchant, 1765. 10. Fighting the Revolutionary War: A Woman on the Homefront, 1776. 11. Crisis, Constitution, Nation: Probate Data and the Problem of Becoming American. 12. The New Republic: A Massachusetts Federalist in 1800. 13. Jeffersonian America: On the Road in 1818. 14. Revolutions in Time and Space: Tourism and Travel, 1850. 15. The Age of Jackson: The View from Abroad in 1828. 16. The Southern Master Class: An Elite Woman's School Experiences, 1828. 17. Lives of the Enslaved: Urban Slavery in 1862. 18. The Modernizing North: A Businessman's Letter, 1836. 19. The Age of Reform: On the Need for Temperance. 20. Westward Expansion: Kansas and Free Labor in 1856. 21. The Coming of the Civil War: Bleeding in Kansas, 1856. 22. Secession: A South Carolinian Describes the Event, 1860. 23. The Civil War:A Canadian Soldier's Experience. 24. Emancipation: The Labor of Freedom, 1867


Hearing aid (100), receiving a first radio link means configured to receive the first data signal using a first carrier frequency, a second second data signal using the carrier frequency of the It includes a second wireless link means is configured to also form a part of the first band-pass filter of the first electrical antenna the second radio link means of said first radio link means doing. This invention provides a method of receiving the hearing aid, the binaural hearing aid system, and the first and second wireless signals.


As the original Editor-in-Chief of Coronary Artery Disease, Burton E. Sobel, MD, had an important mission: publish high-quality investigations from leading international researchers and thus move our knowledge of coronary artery disease forward [1]. As the second Editor-in-Chief of Coronary Artery Disease, I made a decision to have the journal achieve its purpose solely through our authors and Editorial Board members. Thus, there is no Editor's page, highlights, or opinions among our featured areas. All editorials are written by our Editorial Board members or expert reviewers and highlight noteworthy manuscripts. Similarly, Review in Depth articles are contributed by recognized scholars in coronary artery disease, including members of our own Editorial Board. We recognize that being an Editorial Board member of a peer-reviewed journal may be the worst-paying job in academic medicine: remuneration is not possible and the work is generally anonymous. Thus, the scholarly contributions of the Editorial Board are a tribute to the noblest spirit of academics: moving our field forward for no reason other than it is our purpose as scholars in this field.


The Networked Society introduces many challenges but even more opportunities for our industry. When everyone and everything is connected, the demand on e.g. capacity, coverage, flexibility and quality on the networks will increase as will that on security, data protection and privacy. The growth of Mobile Broadband and an environment for open innovation will provide systems that can deliver services and applications with high quality to many different industrysegments that will be useful and beneficial. In this talk an overview of what currently is happening in our industry, a vision of the future and some important technical challenges will be presented.


Metals or metal compounds as photocathodes provide high current density and have a high damage threshold for laser irradiation. In addition, the quantum efficiency of these cathodes is enhanced by heating to a higher operating temperature. The tungsten photocathode heated up to 1400 K and irradiated by 2ω (532 nm) of the Nd:YAG laser produced an electron beam with high current density (∼1 kA/cm2) and the quantum efficiency was about 10−5. The fundamental (1064 nm) of a Nd:YAG laser was used to further heat up the cathode instantly; the temperature rise was calculated to be 2000 K in a 10 ps time scale. Compared to the static 1400 K operation, two times enhancement of quantum efficiency was observed.


Indexing a multi-volume work poses particular problems that go beyond those met in smaller works. This article considers problems of pricing, the submission of estimates, and timing in this context, and the special problems caused by the size of the task


Describes a method for measuring the position of the object. To this end a number of placement position data transmitter (1) at different locations (5,6,7). Location data sent in a separate transmission range respectively in a space defined by the position data transmitter (1) is narrow. Placing a moving object in the vicinity of the short-range position data receiver (3), when said position data into the receiver (2) the position data transmitter (1) transmission range, automatically by the position data receiver receiving the position data of the position data transmitter (1) transmitted, and subjected to further processing and / or display.


© 2016. Ismat Abedlrhman Alborhan Mohammed. This is a research/review paper, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), permitting all noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Describe the Various Types of Neuropathy Observed in Patients with Diabetes By Ismat Abedlrhman Alborhan Mohammed Cardiff University, United Kingdom


Apparatus for inspecting product pieces in a product stream comprising a system for creating a stream of product pieces for delivery in free flight at a viewing station, first light means for illuminating the viewing station from one side with light for reflection from product therein, second light means for illuminating the viewing station from the other side with light for reflection from product therein, a scanning system for receiving light from the first and second illuminating means reflected from product pieces in the viewing station and transmitted across the viewing station, and means for activating the first and second light means alternately in first and second scanning phases to successively illuminate a product stream at the viewing station.


Aim and Objective: Reaction of phthalic anhydride (1) with thiocarbohydrazide (2) in methanol
gave the intermediate (6) whose boiling in water or ethanol gave N-(1,3-dioxoisoindol-2-yl)aminothiocarbohydrazide
(5); where its Condensation with aldehydes and aldoses 9a-d afforded the respective thiosemicarbazide
derivatives. The manno-derivative 10, the D-galacto derivative 11 and the L-arabino derivative 12
exist in the cyclic pyranosyl structures undergo equilibration, in solution of DMSO, with their acyclic structures.
Dehydrative cyclization to the thiadiazoline derivatives and the acyclo C-nucleoside was done by refluxing
in acetic anhydride.

 Commercially available solvents and reagents were purified according to the standard
procedures. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) was performed on plastic plates Silica Gel 60 F254 (E-Merk,
layer thickness 0.2 mm) with detection by UV light absorption. IR spectra were recorded for the compounds in
a KBr matrix with a Unicam SP 1025 spectrophotometer. NMR spectra were measured with Jeol spectrometer
(500 MHz). Chemical shifts (δ) are given in ppm relative to the signal for TMS as internal standard, and coupling
constants in Hz. The 13C NMR spectra were recorded with JEOL spectrometer at 125.7 MHz. The assignments
of 1H NMR spectra were based on chemical-shift correlation DQFCOSY spectra, while the assignment
of 13C NMR spectra were based on heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence, HMQC experiments.

 The N-(1,3-dioxoisoindol-2-yl)aminothiocarbohydrazide (5) was prepared, which incorborated the
1,3-dioxoisoindole ring that linked to thiosemicarbazide moiety. Such feature found to be excellent precursor
for the synthesis of hybrid of bi-heterocycles, the dioxoisoindolyl and thiadiazoline rings which could of potential
biological activity. The reaction of thiocarbohydrazide with phthalic anhydride in a detailed manner and
investigate its further reaction with aromatic aldehydes and sugars, then converting them to the target biheterocycles
and nucleosides was studied. The conformations of the acyclic alditolyl residues or the acyclic Cnucleosides
have been explained.

 The new functionalized isoindolyl ring with thiosemicarbazide as in N-(1,3-dioxoisoindol-2-
yl)aminothiocarbohydrazide (5) resulted from the reaction of phthalic anhydride with thiocarbohydrazide via
the intermediate open chain derivative 6. It is a valuable precursor for the synthesis of thiosemicarbazones containing
sugar moieties 10-13. Their solutions in DMSO-d6 showed that the products exist in one form after
immediate dissolution that equilibrated with time to show a mixture of acyclic and cyclic forms. They have
been exploited as scaffolds for generation of potential hybrids of thiadiazoline derivatives containing isoindolyl
rings as well as their acyclo C-nucleosides 10a-13a and 14-15. The conformations of the acyclic alditolyl
residues or the acyclic C-nucleosides have been deduced from their spectral analysis.