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BMT's team has developed a full range of engineering analysis, testing, and measurement tools. In addition to the evaluation of systems, advanced techniques in Modeling and Simulation (M&S) are incorporated as an effective cost-saving testbed and training environment.
Modeling and Simulation (M&S)
Physics-based M&S of mechanical, electrical, and mixed dynamical systems or complex subsystems, biomechanics-based M&S for human factors and ergonomics engineering applications, and immersive and high-fidelity virtual reality environment including visual and audio cueing.
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System performance metrics to evaluate system solutions performance in the context of effectiveness, operational, suitability, and survivability providing support to Milestones Decisions. Typical T&E methods include engineering analyses, Measure of Effectiveness (MOE), Measure of Suitability (MOS) , Scaled-Model tests, Full-Scale tests, and Hardware Inspection.
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It's the first day of summer, wanna know what outfit I'm rocking? Here it is: simple and classic. A black and white striped t-shirt, jean shorts, my amazingly comfortable Adrina Flats by Crocs in black, a light blue bag, my cheap, cheap sunglasses, and of course, coral polish on my toes.
What's your summer wardrobe? What are you rocking today?

subset: commoncrawl


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Dirk Hays
Growing up in sleepy Opelika, Alabama in the 1960's, Dirk Hays escaped his small town world by visually digesting a steady diet of cartoons, comics, Mad magazine, hot rod culture 'zines, popular TV, and music of the day. Add to that a sign painter/artist father, readily available art supplies, and an overwhelming desire to make things with his own hands, and Hays' path was clear. During his teens, he discovered underground comics and psychedelic art, which heavily influenced his drawing style. While in high school, he would often help his father hand lettering signs and silk screening, but desired his own freedom of self expression.
Hays graduated Auburn University in 1982 with a BFA degree in Visual Communications and moved to Atlanta to pursue a career in advertising. The DIY energy of the punk rock art scene in Atlanta lured him away from his corporate job after a few years. He worked as a freelance designer and began teaching himself to paint. Hays participated in numerous regional group shows in the 1980's, as well as several solo shows at various Atlanta galleries. At that time. he began working at The Center for Puppetry Arts, co-designing, building sets, puppets, and directing several critically acclaimed shows.
In 1994, he learned to tattoo and opened his own shop, which he ran for 14 years. He owned an art gallery next door to his tattoo shop, where he curated a number of highly anticipated shows that featured national and international artists working in the pop surrealist-lowbrow genre. His work is in private home collections across the country and Australia, and has been featured in local publications.
Dirk's sensibility is clearly rooted in the pop culture iconography of the last half century. His current body of work grabs his audience on a gut level, allowing them to frame it's imagery within their own unique experience and personal context.
To find out more:


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We have been featured in several publications:
Betty Perkins-Carpenter Inducted Into NYS Veterans Hall of Fame
Betty Perkins-Carpenter – Rochester Woman Magazine
We offer the following links as a courtesy to those who seek further information about Senior Fitness and How to Prevent Falls. While we believe these organizations to be reputable, we make no guarantee or endorsements regarding these sites and assume no responsibility for the specific information they contain.
American Geriatrics Society, The
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Falls – Older Adults
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Falls – Children
Fall Prevention Center of Excellence
Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA): Fall Prevention Campaign


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Demusitecture : Design + Music + Architecture
Welcome to Demusitecture: a place for me to continually explore and record my thoughts on art, architecture, music and anything else that interests me. A former undergraduate architecture student at the University of Auckland, New Zealand, I am now pursuing my Master's of Architecture at the University of Melbourne, Australia, currently undertaking an exchange semester at TU Delft in the Netherlands. Part of this site exhibits my own work while the other shows others' work that I see along the way. Feel free to contact me at nancyji1016 (at) gmail (dot) com.
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Click on an alumni listing from Stevensville, MI to find more information about the person.
The listing of alumni from Stevensville, MI includes graduates from 1 school. To filter results, select a Stevensville, MI high school using the links to the right. The Stevensville alumni list on this page come from a variety of sources. Clicking one of your friends will give you locations that you can get back in touch with the fellow graduate. To view alumni that graduated in Stevensville around your class year, enter your graduation year in the search box at the top of the page. You may also be able to find friends close to your home town. We also have listings for graduates from Bridgman, MI, Saint Joseph, MI, or Benton Harbor, MI.
Approximately 100 of residents in Stevensville (5%) are the normal age for attending high school (15-19). Also, around 0 Stevensville residents (2%) are the average age for high school seniors (18-19). Population stats are from the United States Census Bureau.
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Why People Use Realtors (Well, Some of the Reasons)
The contracts are created to protect you and to make sure that you can safely collapse the offer if some conditions are not met. For instance, if you want to buy a house and need to finance the purchase, the Realtor will ensure that there is a financing condition included in the offer, for your protection. Then should the bank decline your financing application, you can collapse the offer with no penalty and have the initial (good faith) deposit returned. Without this condition, you are purchasing this house. So if you don't have the financing, you are in Breach of Contract and face the possibility of legal action. You would also forfeit the Initial Deposit. Realtors will guide you throughout the process. They know how to deal with different conditions and contracts. They know how to structure the contract for your protection.
Code Awareness
If you want to purchase a house close to a business district and you want to build a flower shop in front of the house, you have to know if it will be allowed by the authorities. Often, realtors have enough knowledge about the local zoning bylaws to ensure that you buy the right house. Or, they will investigate to determine what is allowed and where. Likewise, if you want to add a bedroom, you have to make sure that the local authorities will allow it.
Moreover, there are some states / provinces that may have specific electrical requirements for different usages. A realtor will help ensure that you have knowledge about the requirement before making any transaction or by making this a condition of the purchase.
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Realtors follow the code of ethics set by the National Association of Realtors. The code stipulates that realtors deal with all transactions honestly. They are obligated to put the interests of clients ahead of their own. They are required to disclose all the necessary information about a property. In other words, they are bound by the law. Penalties can include an expulsion, a suspension, or a possibly a fine.
More Convenience or Better Access
Acting as a liaison between sellers and buyers is a major job of realtors. This means that they will have access to all the properties that are listed by other realtors for comparisons. Both the seller's and buyer's realtors work full time and they exactly know what must be done to close a deal. For instance, if you are buying a house, your realtor will track down all the houses that meet your criteria. They will contact the seller's agents and set appointments for the home viewing.
If you are purchasing without a Realtor, you will have to contact all the sellers and make appointments which can be difficult and a hassle. There are some cases, for personal reasons, in which the sellers do not want to advertise publicly. In these cases, only the realtors know which houses are for sale. They always know the latest listings. This can also work well for you in a hot market when listings are selling quickly. Your Realtor will advise you as soon as possible when a suitable listing appears.
Negotiating Repairs
Negotiating repairs is one of the toughest parts when purchasing real estate. Realtors will help you identify what needs to be repaired. They can recommend you to an experienced home inspector who can provide you detailed information on problems with the house. Some reports contain more than 10 pages. With this amount of information, buyers need to realize that some problems are important while others are not. For instance, if the house is in good condition, requesting repairs could break the deal. A realtor knows what is excessive to request and what is reasonable.
Unemotional Negotiation
A few people do not like to purchase real estate through a realtor. They think that direct negotiation between sellers and buyers is more transparent and they may think that it allows them to better look after their interests. Perhaps, this is true if both the seller and buyer get along well. This is not very often the case unfortunately.
What happens if you do not like the kitchen design, shag carpet and the wood-paneled walls of the house? The homeowner may be offended when you tell them that their favorite carpet detracts from the value of their house. With the help of a realtor, you can express your concerns without insulting the house owner. Moreover, the Realtor may be able to negotiate a discount based on the work that needs to be done to bring the house to the buyer's level of satisfaction.
You should remember that a seller can reject your offer for numerous reasons. During tough transactions, realtors can smooth things over to avoid any closing problems. This can prevent you from loosing a great deal.
Pricing Expertise
Most experienced realtors can gauge the price of the home by looking at the house, inside and out. They can determine if the house is underpriced or overpriced by using comparable listings and comparable sales. Moreover, they know what houses to look for within your budget. Thus, you can save time and effort.
Thorough Record Keeping
Even though realtors are not lawyers, they can be good resources after a purchase is closed. Some authorities require realtors to keep all the transaction documents. While it is your responsibility to keep files yourself, realtors can help you in keeping your files accessable for the years to come. If you have any questions about the property in the future, you can contact your agent or brokerage.
Clearly, hiring a realtor has many advantages when purchasing a house. These advantages include zoning awareness, structuring contracts for your protection, ethical considerations, convenience, recordkeeping, unemotional and objective negotiation, and pricing expertise.
Bought a house ? Here are some moving tips


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Rufous-collared sparrow
|Rufous-collared sparrow
|Zonotrichia capensis costaricensis, Panama
|Scientific classification
Z. capensis
|Binomial name
|Zonotrichia capensis
(Müller, 1776)
The rufous-collared sparrow or Andean sparrow (Zonotrichia capensis) is an American sparrow found in a wide range of habitats, often near humans, from the extreme south-east of Mexico to Tierra del Fuego, and on the island of Hispaniola. It is famous for its diverse vocalizations, which have been intensely studied since the 1970s, particularly by Paul Handford and Stephen C. Lougheed (UWO), Fernando Nottebohm (Rockefeller University) and Pablo Luis Tubaro (UBA). Local names for this bird include the Portuguese tico-tico, the Spanish chingolo, chincol and copetón, "tufted" in Colombia and comemaíz "corn eater" in Costa Rica.
The rufous-collared sparrow is 13.5–15 cm (5.3–5.9 in) long and weighs 20–25 g (0.71–0.88 oz). The adult has a stubby grey bill and a grey head with broad black stripes on the crown sides and thinner stripes through the eye and below the cheeks. The nape and breast sides are rufous and the upperparts are black-streaked buff-brown. There are two white wing bars. The throat is white, and the underparts are off-white, becoming brown on the flanks and with a black breast patch.
Young birds have a duller, indistinct head pattern, with brown stripes and a buff ground colour. They lack the rufous collar, and have streaked underparts.
There are between 25 and 29 subspecies. In general, the smaller forms occur in coastal mountains, intermediate birds in the Andes, and large, darker, forms breed on the tepuis. The largest of the tepui subspecies, Z. c. perezchincillae, has grey underparts, and the rufous collar extends as a black band of freckles across the breast. This form might be separable as a distinct species, or it might just be a particularly distinct population due to genetic bottleneck effects.
In the northern and western part of its range, this generally abundant bird is typically found at altitudes of 600–4,000 m (2,000–13,100 ft), but in the southern and eastern part it is commonly found down to near sea level. It can be seen in virtually any open or semi-open habitat, including cultivation, gardens, parks, grassland and scrubby second growth or cerrado. It copes well with urban and suburban environments, but is absent from the densely forested sections of the Amazon Basin.
It is also scarce on the Guiana Shield, occurring mainly on some tepuis and in the Pakaraima Mountains of Guyana.[2]
Explaining the presence of this species in the island of Hispaniola and absence from the rest of the Caribbean basin, may be a similar theory to the one proposed for the Hispaniolan crossbill (Loxia megaplaga). In that scenario, the bird's ancestors were present across the region during the much cooler climes of the last glacial period, but was left marooned in the highest Hispaniolan mountains once warming began.[3]
The rufous-collared sparrow feeds on the ground on seeds, fallen grain, insects and spiders. It will sometimes join mixed-species feeding flocks and has been observed to pick termites from spider webs.[4][5][6] It is usually seen in pairs which hold small territories, or in small flocks. Tame and approachable, it is common throughout its large range and not considered threatened by the IUCN.[1]
The breeding season is limited by food availability and ultimately rainfall. In the subtropical yungas of north-west Argentina, females begin to build nests around the end of October, when the wet season comes, but by early December most nesting activity has already finished. By contrast, 2,000 m (6,600 ft) ASL in the Andes of Pichincha Province (Ecuador), eggs were being incubated in December, and nest-building activity recorded in March and April, suggesting extended breeding throughout the wet season. The open cup nest consists of plant material lined with fine grasses[citation needed]. It is constructed in matted vegetation on the ground, low in a tree or bush, or in a niche in a wall, perhaps 2 m (6.6 ft) high at best but usually less than 0.5 m (1.6 ft) above ground.[7][8]
The female lays two or three pale greenish-blue eggs with reddish-brown blotches. The eggs measure approximately 19–21 mm (0.75–0.83 in) by 15–16 mm (0.59–0.63 in) and weigh 2.6–2.8 g (0.092–0.099 oz) each. They are incubated by the female for 12–14 days, during which she spends about two-thirds of the daytime brooding or attend the nest in some other way. The male helps in feeding the chicks however, which stay in the nest for about two more weeks. They are not very voracious, and even as they approach fledging the parents will only feed them every 10 minutes or so. Brood parasitism, e.g. by the shiny cowbird (Molothrus bonariensis), may occur, and breeding failure due to predation is very frequent during the incubation period. Predation on nestlings, on the other hand, does not seem to occur more often than in similar-sized Passeroidea.[7][8]
The Rufous-collared sparrow relies entirely on its kidneys for osmoregulation and ionoregulation. It is able to tolerate a wide range of salt intake despite lacking a salt gland, however the metabolic cost in energy is too great to maintain the necessary osmoregulatory processes for an extended period of time. As a result, the Rufous-collared sparrow tends not to inhabit marine environments such as salt marshes. Under conditions of higher salt intake, the mass of the kidney and heart can increase up to 20%. This response in organ size causes an increase in basal metabolic rate (BMR) by up to 30%.[9] Kidney size is also affected by the amount of water available in the environment. In arid environments, the urine is more highly concentrated, and the kidneys tend to be smaller than in wetter environments.[10]
In association with its non-migratory behavior, and its tendency to be found at a wide range of elevations, the Rufous-collared sparrow experiences significant fluctuations in temperature throughout its range each year. Strategies used to acclimate to changing seasonal temperatures include limiting the amount of evaporative water loss (EWL) and increasing metabolic rate. Total evaporative water loss (TEWL) increases during summer months, which may help prevent overheating, and remains lower during winter months.[11] In response to cold temperatures, both basal metabolic rate (BMR), and maximum metabolic rate (MMR) will increase.[12]
The rufous-collared sparrow has extensive geographical variation in its vocalisations, but calls include a sharp tsip. The male's song, given from a low perch, typically includes slurred whistles with or without a final trill, tee-teeooo, e'e'e'e'e, or teeooo, teeeee.
For subtropical/temperate populations in Argentina (except when noted), the song can be described as follows:
Songs are typically two-part: an introductory phrase (termed "theme" in the original description of the song[13]) of two to four pure tone whistles, which are flat, rising, falling, or rising then falling in pitch, followed by a terminal trill, composed of several to many identical (or nearly so) elements. There is a high degree of stereotypy of song within individuals, both within and among seasons. The trill rate is locally very consistent, but varies greatly among populations, with inter-element interval ranging from 12 ms to 400 ms or more.
Song measures:[13][14][15]
Songs in the study populations were typically c. 2–2.5 seconds in duration. The whistled theme notes are each c. 0.25–0.5 s in duration, and are 2–3 in number in typical songs (from a sample of 1764 individuals, mean # notes/song = 2.87: 1-note themes – 0.5%; 2-note – 27.6%; 3-note – 58%; 4-note – 13%; 5-note – 0.8%; 7-note – 0.1%).
These notes are either 1) level, 2) rising, 3) falling, or 4) rising then falling in pitch. Absolute abundance of these note types: 1) – 15.9%; 2) – 32.0%; 3) – 39.8%; 4) – 11.4%. On a notes per song basis, note-type frequency is: 1) – 0.46; 2) – 0.92; 3) – 1.14; 4) – 0.32. Most of the energy in these notes lies between 4 and 6 kHz, with a range of 2.27–8.8 kHz. The terminal trill comprises several to many near-identical elements, which are descending frequency sweeps, with a maximum frequency of 3.8–8.7 kHz and a minimum frequency of 2.4–4.9 kHz.
Singing behaviour:
Individuals were found to sing for up to 30 minutes at a time, though usually 2–5 minutes. Countersinging is evident, though not well-studied. Singing-rate is regular, and usually 10–12 per minute. Typically from some elevated point, where available – a large rock, bush, etc. In open scrub and grassland, will sing from stem-tops. In suburban situations, will sing from low branches of trees, walls, sheds, etc. Individuals have "favourite" singing points, used repeatedly both within and among seasons. Flight songs have been recorded in migrating groups; these songs seem to be longer and more complex than typical territorial songs, and resemble night songs. Night-singing is recorded, though it is rare and unpredictable. Anecdotal evidence suggests that it may relate to stress. Night songs are typically unlike daytime songs, being longer and more complex.
Though there is a peak of singing activity near dawn, chingolos will sing strongly, if not persistently, at almost any time of day during the main season (September to January), except when mid-day temperatures are much above 30 °C (86 °F). There is a slight resurgence of activity in the evening.
In some areas (in arid parts of north-west Argentina, in eastern Patagonia, and in certain sites in Costa Rica) there is often or always no terminal trill, and the song comprises whistles only. A few individuals in some few localities—so far only in montane grasslands—show two terminal trills, the first rapid, the second substantially slower.
Females apparently do not sing, though this is not known with certainty. So far as is known (based on the PhD thesis studies of Tubaro[16]), development of vocal abilities seems to be very similar to the white-crowned sparrow (Z. leucophrys).
In the best-studied populations, in north-west Argentina, songs appear highly stereotyped, with the great majority of individuals showing a single song. There is good evidence that this song does not change among years, at least after first breeding. However, there is evidence from Ecuador that tropical populations show individual repertoires of up to seven diverse song types.
Seasonal variation is very little studied. There is unpublished evidence that in Patagonian populations in the early season individuals may sing more than one song. But this phenomenon seems to disappear by the time the breeding season is properly under way.
Vocal dialects[edit]
This ecologically catholic neotropical songbird provides perhaps one of the clearest and most widely distributed habitat-related dialect systems. The geographic variation in the song of this species became apparent over 30 years ago with F. Nottebohm's study[13] in subtropical and temperate Argentina. He interpreted his findings largely in the context established a few years before in the white-crowned sparrow,[17] that is, he suggested that these dialects perhaps serve to enhance the genetic integrity of local populations. The first direct investigation of this possibility,[18] while providing no support for what came to be called the "genetic adaptation hypothesis" (GAH), which explains the vocal dialects of the brown-headed cowbird (Molothrus ater) well.[19][clarification needed] showed that the spatial organisation of song variation was very closely associated with the distribution of distinct habitat types. Moreover, the structural characteristics of the dialect variable (trill interval) showed variation largely consistent with the interspecific acoustic patterns described by E.S. Morton,[20] that is, in general, the trill interval varied from short (c. 50 ms; rapid trills) in open grasslands to long (1–200 ms; slow whistles) in woodlands and forests.
This ecological dimension was explored further by Handford and students in the highly diverse habitats of northwestern Argentina. They showed that the ecological ordering of dialect variation[15][21][22][23] over a huge geographical space (1,200 km × 350 km or 750 mi × 220 mi) and across a dramatic sweep of structurally distinct habitats (puna scrub, grassland, desert scrub, thorn woodland, and drought-deciduous forest (see Figure) was largely consistent with the previously established picture. This work also demonstrated that these spatial patterns show temporal stability of at least 20 years (now known to exceed 30 years), and stability on the order of centuries is implied by the persistence of certain habitat dialects long after the native vegetation has been removed by agriculture.[22] This massive demonstration of acoustically rational habitat-based song variation strongly supports what is now known as the Acoustic Adaptation Hypothesis.[19] However, the work also provided a basis for a final evaluation of the GAH on a similar geographical scale.[24] This study showed that the substantial genetic variation shown by the species is organised largely by distance; dialect songs impose no further structure: it seems that for this species the GAH has no explanatory value.
The most recent work on this species confirms that the clear ecological segregation of acoustically rational vocal dialects in Argentina extends from 22ºS at the Bolivian border south to 42ºS in northern Patagonia. Across this vast space, the greatest song diversity is concentrated in the vegetationally diverse north west; in the ecologically more uniform central and southern regions, great song uniformity is encountered; finally, island habitats, such as montane grasslands, are represented by repeated islands of the specific song dialect. Other recent work suggests, however, that tropical population (Ecuador) do not show this pattern: instead, individuals show repertoires (from 1–7 trill-types; mean = c. 4) and local populations can show nearly as much trill variation as is known from all Argentina.
See also[edit]
- ^ a b BirdLife International (2012). "Zonotrichia capensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
- ^ O'Shea, B.J.; Christopher, M.; Claramunt, Santiago; Schmidt, Brian K.; Gebhard, Christina A.; Schmitt, C. Gregory; Erskine, Kristine T. (2007). "New records for Guyana, with description of the voice of Roraiman Nightjar Caprimulgus whitelyi" (PDF). Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club. 127 (2): 118–128.
- ^ Dod, Annabelle Stockton (1992). Endangered and Endemic Birds of the Dominican Republic. Cypress House. ISBN 1-879384-12-4.
- ^ Machado, C.G. (1999). "A composição dos bandos mistos de aves na Mata Atlântica da Serra de Paranapiacaba, no sudeste brasileiro" [Mixed flocks of birds in Atlantic Rain Forest in Serra de Paranapiacaba, southeastern Brazil] (PDF). Revista Brasileira de Biologia (in Portuguese and English). Instituto Internacional de Ecologia. 59 (1): 75–85. doi:10.1590/S0034-71081999000100010.
- ^ Ragusa-Netto, J. (2000). "Raptors and "campo-cerrado" bird mixed flock led by Cypsnagra hirundinacea (Emberizidae: Thraupinae)". Revista Brasileira de Biologia (in English and Portuguese). 60 (3): 461–467. doi:10.1590/S0034-71082000000300011. PMID 11188872.
- ^ Olson, Storrs L.; Alvarenga, Herculano M.F. (2006). "An extraordinary feeding assemblage of birds at a termite swarm in the Serra da Mantiqueira, São Paulo, Brazil" (PDF). Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia (in English and Portuguese). Sociedade Brasileira de Ornitologia. 14 (3): 297–299. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-12-17.
- ^ a b Greeney, Harold F.; Nunnery, Tony (2006). "Notes on the breeding of north-west Ecuadorian birds". Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club. 126 (1): 38–45.
- ^ a b Auer, Sonya K.; Bassar, Ronald D.; Fontaine, Joseph J.; Martin, Thomas E. (2007). "Breeding biology of passerines in a subtropical montane forest in Northwestern Argentina". Condor. 109 (2): 321–333. doi:10.1650/0010-5422(2007)109[321:BBOPIA]2.0.CO;2.
- ^ Pena-Villalobos, I. F. (2013). "Osmoregulatory and metabolic costs of salt excretion in the rufous-collared sparrow zonotrichia capensis". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A. 164 (2): 314–318. doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2012.10.027.
- ^ Sabat, P. S. (2009). "Diet and habitat aridity affect osmoregulatory physiology: an intraspecific field study along environmental gradients in the rufous-collared sparrow". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A. 152 (3): 322–326. doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.11.003.
- ^ Maldonado, K. E. (2009). "Physiological responses in rufous-collared sparrows to thermal acclimation and seasonal acclimatization". Journal of Comparative Physiology B. 179 (3): 335–343. doi:10.1007/s00360-008-0317-1.
- ^ Novoa, F. F. (1990). "Maximum metabolic rate and temperature regulation in the rufous-collared sparrow, zonotrichia capensis, from central chile". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A. 95 (1): 181–183. doi:10.1016/0300-9629(90)90029-R.
- ^ a b c Nottebohm, Fernando (1969). "The song of the chingolo, Zonotrichia capensis, in Argentina: description and evaluation of a system of dialects" (PDF). Condor. 71 (3): 299–315. doi:10.2307/1366306. JSTOR 1366306.
- ^ King, J. R. (1972). "Variation in the song of the Rufous-collared sparrow, Zonotrichia capensis, in northwestern Argentina". Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie. 30 (4): 344–373. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1972.tb00863.x.
- ^ a b Handford, P.; Lougheed, Stephen C. (1991). "Variation in duration and frequency characters in the song of the Rufous-collared Sparrow, Zonotrichia capensis, with respect to habitat, trill dialects and body size" (PDF). Condor. 93 (3): 644–658. doi:10.2307/1368196. JSTOR 1368196.
- ^ Tubaro, Pablo Luis (1990). Aspectos causales y funcionales de los patrones de variación del canto del chingolo (Zonotrichia capensis) [Causal and functional aspects of variation patterns in the Red-collared Sparrow's song] (Doctoral) (in Spanish). Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires.
- ^ Marler, P.; Tamura, M. (1962). "Song "dialects" in three populations of White-crowned sparrows" (PDF). Condor. 64 (5): 368–377. doi:10.2307/1365545. JSTOR 1365545.
- ^ Handford, Paul; Nottebohm, Fernando (1976). "Allozymic and morphological variation in population samples of Rufous-collared Sparrows, Zonotrichia capensis, in relation to vocal dialects". Evolution. 30 (4): 802–817. doi:10.2307/2407819. JSTOR 2407819.
- ^ a b Rothstein, Stephen I.; Fleischer, Robert C. (1987). "Vocal dialects and their possible relation to honest status signalling in the brown-headed cowbird" (PDF). Condor. 89 (1): 1–23. doi:10.2307/1368756. JSTOR 1368756.
- ^ Morton, E. S. (1975). "Ecological sources of selection on avian sounds". American Naturalist. 109 (965): 17–34. doi:10.1086/282971. JSTOR 2459634.
- ^ Handford, Paul (1981). "Vegetational correlates of variation in the song of Zonotrichia capensis". Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 8 (3): 203–206. doi:10.1007/BF00299831. (HTML abstract and first page image)
- ^ a b Handford, Paul (1988). "Trill rate dialects in the Rufous-collared Sparrow, Zonotrichia capensis, in north-western Argentina". Canadian Journal of Zoology. 66 (12): 2658–2670. doi:10.1139/z88-391.
- ^ Lougheed, Stephen C.; Handford, Paul (1993). "Covariation of morphological and allozyme frequency characters in populations of the Rufous-collared sparrow, Zonotrichia capensis" (PDF). Auk. 110 (2): 179–188. JSTOR 4088546.
- ^ Lougheed, Stephen C.; Handford, Paul (1992). "Vocal dialects and the structure of geographic variation in morphological and allozymic characters in the Rufous-collared Sparrow, Zonotrichia capensis". Evolution. 46 (5): 1443–1456. doi:10.2307/2409948. JSTOR 2409948.
External links[edit]
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zonotrichia capensis.
|Wikispecies has information related to Zonotrichia capensis
- "Rufous-collared sparrow media". Internet Bird Collection.
- Rufous-collared sparrow photo gallery at VIREO (Drexel University)
- Rufous-collared sparrow species account at Neotropical Birds (Cornell Lab of Ornithology)


text: This place is very cosy and comfortable. The waitress explained the traditional way of serving dishes in Japanese culture. It was also my first time trying edamame bean. When the dish was served, my first thought was "how do we eat this?" the waitress said "oh you just kind of suck on it". Humorously enough, we did and ooooo it was quite nice! (surprisingly) Anyway here are the photos. Enjoy!


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Contact Us
Velvet is such a pleasurable fabric to relax against - cool in the summer heat and cosy on winter evenings. We challenge you not to treasure this silver chaise longue – we've even caught members of staff catching forty winks on our luxury velvet chaise longue in the showroom - it's that comfy! Perfect in a dressing room to lay out your outfit du jour beneath one of our soft rugs.
Please contact us if you would like to receive a free sample of the fabric.
This stunning silver chaise longue can be seen in Cheshire Life (Sep 16), The Daily Express (Aug 15), Eat.Travel.Live (Sep 14), Bella (Dec 13), Casa Romantica Shabby Chic (Sep 13), Amuse Magazine (Aug 12), on X-Factor 2010 (sat on by Treyc Cohen during her Halloween song), House to Home, and also in Suffolk Life, Concept for Living, Period House, Woman magazine and the Daily Mail.
Silver Grey Chic Chaise with an Eucalyptus Wood Frame.
W155 x D70 x H77cm
DeliveryWe offer free delivery to addresses in mainland England and Wales for all orders over £1000. For orders under £1000, delivery to mainland addresses in England & Wales is £29.95, and deliveries to Scotland are from £135.
Our 2-man crew will deliver to your room of choice and unpack your item so that you can give it a full inspection before signing the Proof of Delivery note (British mainland only).
When in stock, we deliver within two weeks to mainland addresses in England & Wales, and within three weeks to most addresses in Scotland. Offshore deliveries are not always to your room of choice. We also offer a free click-and-collect service from our Essex warehouse.
ReturnsIf you would like to return your item, there will be a returns charge of £60 from mainland addresses in England & Wales, or £150 from most Scottish, British Isles or Irish addresses. You have 14 days from the day of delivery to advise us if you would like to make a return.
Click here for more information about our Delivery & Returns policy.
Need help?
01444 415430 or Email
© Copyright 2006-2019 The French Bedroom Company Ltd. Call 01444 415430


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Holiday Movie Buffet
Without "Avatar" around to tell us, how will we know when the holidays start?
Theater owners and film bookers are at sixes and sevens this year, searching for the kind of event movie that packs in audiences and defines a movie season, if not an entire year. In 2009, that movie was "Avatar," which transported viewers to the distant planet of Pandora and kept the movie business aloft on a cloud of box office business and attendant good feeling.
Sure, we have "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows - Part 1," which opens Nov. 19 and will no doubt draw huge numbers of fans. But it's opening a month earlier than "Avatar" did last year and will most likely burn through its audience in a few weeks (compared to the months that "Avatar" stayed No. 1 at the box office) - which is actually good news for filmgoers.
Because once everyone has seen "Harry Potter," some worthy and otherwise overlooked films stand a chance of finding an audience.
Indeed, the crowded field of movies opening between now and the end of the year is exceptionally well balanced, with just about every genre and taste represented. Families can enjoy "Tangled" or the newest "Chronicles of Narnia" installment; grown-ups can go for thrillers ("The Next Three Days"), dramas ("The Fighter") or romantic comedies ("Love & Other Drugs," "How Do You Know"). And as always, the year-end offerings include buzzed-about performances. This year's Oscar fodder not to miss includes "The King's Speech," with Colin Firth at his most winsomely appealing; "Black Swan," featuring a startling star turn from Natalie Portman; and "Rabbit Hole," with Nicole Kidman in an understated but devastating portrayal of a grieving mother.
Then again, you could always opt for something completely different: Washington's new West End Cinema will be bringing in several under-the-radar titles, including the documentary "Kings of Pastry." The film, about a baking competition in France, will arrive just as people's thoughts are turning to pie. "We're mixing it up a little bit," says West End co-founder Jamie Shor, adding that she's counting on audiences "who are looking for exciting and different fare for the holidays." Bon appetit!


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Job Description
Reporting directly in to Managing Director, the successful candidate will play a pivotal role in supporting my client in delivering marketing campaigns focused on winning new business. I am looking for a marketer with the commercial, strategic and operational mind to maximise the business's opportunities as well as forging and delivering upon new ones. The role will be working across all divisions of their business with specific emphasis on the Event Management area.
Key responsibilities:
Your profile:
This is an outstanding opportunity with a great career prospect. If you would like to work for faced-paced company that always strive to be the best, please apply with you CV.


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Medical insurance is required for all international students at Midwestern State University. Enrollment in the mandatory MSU Health Insurance Plan is automatic at the time of registration, and the cost of the policy will appear on your tuition and fee bill as Student Health Insurance. The fall insurance premium appears on the fall semester bill; the premiums for spring and summer coverage are combined on the spring semester bill.
Health coverage is provided through Academic Health Plans (AHP). In addition to health insurance, the international student policy covers medical evacuation and repatriation of remains in case of death. More information about student insurance can be found the Academic Health Plans website.
Health insurance purchased from a private company may be accepted in lieu of the mandatory MSU student policy. The International Services office will evaluate previously existing policies on a case-by-case basis.
Please open: Insurance waiver request form (.doc) for information about the health insurance waiver. If an application for a waiver is completed they may be returned to the International Student Services office.


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Week in Words
A field guide to unusual words in this week's Wall Street Journal.
Skin in the Game desquamation
What happens if you eat the liver of the polar bears native to Greenland? The toxic organ will not only kill you; it will also cause "desquamation"—all your skin falls off.
"Summer Books: Pursuing Trivia on a Global Scale," Books, May 26
"Desquamation" comes from a Latin word meaning...


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Put this little house up on Flickr yesterday (for the Bee Imaginative bee) and people seem to like it so I thought I'd pop it up over here on the blog too.
Yes, Mr. Gnome IS off gathering more mushrooms while deer & birdie wait for him at home. He'll be back soon. And then they will all enjoy some mushroom soup.


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Over 14,000 Tickets Distributed
The Christmas Eve services tomorrow are going to be amazing...we are doing some stuff we've never attempted. I think we are taking our best Christmas Eve services ever and bumping it up about 10 notches. I'm serious!
We started with 15,600 tickets to distributed...and have given out more than 14,000 so far. It is interesting that our first service to "sell-out" was 3:30pm, followed by 5:00pm.
Through years of experience, we have discovered a 30% no-show rate when we offer free tickets. Therefore, we really only have 12,000 seats available. Since we've already distributed 2,000 more tickets than we have seats available--hopefully our historical no-show rate won't backfire. If it does, won't that be fun!


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Jackson County continues to pursue an industry for Commerce, but an announcement waits for specific conditions to be negotiated.
The industry is expected to be a distribution center that would be about 1 million square feet and is considering a 97-acre site in the Commerce 85 Logistics Park. It is expected to be near the Ollie's distribution center that is on Steve Reynolds Industrial Boulevard.
The land is owned by Rooker, a real estate company in Atlanta that developed the business park. The Commerce park is adjacent to Interstate 85 and along Steve Reynolds Boulevard.
The Jackson County Industrial Development Authority has been dealing with the potential industry for more than three months. The IDA has met twice in closed session for about 50 minutes each time.
See the full story in the Oct. 25 issue of The Jackson Herald.
New industry in Commerce waits OK from company
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CircusKabel Flyers
This week I made the flyer for the CircusKabel 5th year anniversary! Last week I took pictures of the kids to make silhouettes in the style of the existing logo. We wanted to use a style that we can use throughout the website, flyers and other media. This flyer is the first bit and I will apply it to the website soon :). Fun project to work on and I'm quite happy with how it turned out! It's always nice to work for someone that, after giving some basic guidelines, just says "Do whatever you want, you're the artist." More of those assignments please :D.
'The Art of the Hole and the Lump'
I was finally able to do another sculpting class. It is really great to discover a new medium like this. Every time I think the anatomy seems right now, it turns out about a million things are still a bit weird or just plain wrong when you look at it from a different angle haha. Also a good project to force me to stop thinking for a couple of hours :).
The Zoo
Saturday we went to the Rotterdam Blijdorp Zoo. We had a great day, Juniper was amazed by all the impressions, but I also found it quite difficult to experience the sadness of it all. Most animals were still inside and their indoor areas are just horribly depressing… On the other hand somehow the trip constantly brought me back to the last time I visited Blijdorp during one of our drawing classes when I was studying Illustration. I really want to go drawing in a zoo or a museum of natural history in a while!
The group I did the Silkscreen printing course INTRO with came over another time to work on their projects and they all want to attend the second part EXTRA of the course, yeah! The remainder of the week I worked on printing the Intwined Tryptich, getting there slowly but steadily..I hope to put a big amount of hours in that next week.


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MONTICELLO, Mo. -- Bond has been increased to $1 million for a LaGrange man who faces charges for allegedly beating a 2-year-old girl who later died.
Court records show that Judge Fred Westhoff denied the motion of Marcus A. Mays' attorney, Public Defender Todd Schulze, to reduce bond during an appearance Tuesday in Lewis County Circuit Court. Bond was originally set at $500,000.
In his order, Westhoff wrote that preliminary autopsy results show that the toddler died from injuries suffered "as a result of actions of the defendant."
Mays faces charges of abuse or neglect of a child, endangering the welfare of a child involving drugs and possession of a controlled substance.
In a probable cause statement in the case, Mays reportedly told police that he was angry with the girl, who was in his care, because she had soiled her pants. He reportedly pushed her into the toilet and struck her on the buttocks with a belt and that he struck the child in the head with the back of his hand numerous times, causing head injuries to the child.
The girl was taken to Blessing Hospital in Quincy, Ill., on Aug. 17 and later was transferred to St. Louis Children's Hospital where she died Aug. 21.
The girl's mother told police that she left the child at Mays' home Aug. 16 and had planned on returning but fell asleep. Mays reportedly called her the next morning and told her something was wrong with the child, and when she arrived, she said Mays was holding the child, whose eyes were open but was not responding.
The autopsy was conducted at the Boone-Callaway County medical examiner's office in Columbia.
Mays is set to return to court Oct. 1.
He is being held in the Lewis County Jail.


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Win a free professional cover letter!
Yes that's right, CV Succeed is launching a regular competition for you to win a cover letter written by a top career sector writer.
It is quick and easy to enter, and competition involves answering four questions as well as a tiebreaker. The competition is open to first-time jobseekers, students, new graduates and the long-term unemployed.
We also have a competition to win a free professional CV. Please click here if you would like to enter that. Or click the button below to enter our competition to win a free cover letter.


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Claim Your Slice Of Paradise. Looking For Sunri...
- $475,000
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- Indigo Ph Iv & V Pg60/21
- 4107 Midnight Blue Run
- Bradenton, FL 34211
- 3 BD 2 BA 2172 Sq Ft 0.22 AC
- Residential
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SOLAR COMMUNITY- NEW CONSTRUCTION-ON A PICTURESQUE LOT- THE OAKMONT II model is pure elegance from the moment you pull up the paved driveway with an upgraded elevation and rich details- you don't want to miss out on this home! Priced reduced and loaded with upgrades- from TILE PLANK FLOORING, to upgraded LIGHT CABINETS, POOL/SPA & Outdoor Kitchen gas hookup. The OPEN FLOOR PLAN looks out past the great room to the beautiful lanai, with PRESERVE VIEWS. The Den as you enter can also serve as a 4th Bedroom and the Dining Room is perfect for family holidays! The Chef's Kitchen offers Stainless Steel Wall Oven, Microwave & Gas Cooktop with hood, and a huge Island. The Master Suite has a large walk-in closet, leading to the master bath with double vanities & a corner soaking tub. The 2nd & 3rd Bedrooms share a bath in between with a bathtub and tiled wall. The 1/2 pool bath is toward the back and shared with the 3rd bedroom. The custom Grey colors are carried throughout the home and makes it feel light and open. The heated Pool with waterfall spa feature with the Private Preserve make the Lanai a true sanctuary! Also gas piped- all ready to go for your outdoor kitchen! Polo Run includes a community pool, fitness center, bocce ball, sport courts, a grill area! Lakewood Ranch's 1st SOLAR COMMUNITY- with Top A-Rated Schools!
|Price Range:
|$335,000 - $335,000
|Current Listings:
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|Price Range:
|$237,500 - $437,500
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|$299,000 - $299,000
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Listing information courtesy of Keller Williams Realty Select.
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Listing information is provided for consumer personal, non-commercial use, solely to identify potential properties for potential purchase; all other use is strictly prohibited and may violate relevant federal and state law.
Listing data comes from My Florida Regional MLS DBA Stellar MLS.
Listing information last updated on August 22nd, 2019 at 3:30pm EDT.


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A Horror TV Honey Season Recap by Lisa
Hello fellow Sleepy Heads! We are less than a week away from the season 2 premiere of Sleepy Hollow and you need to ask yourself one question: do you remember everything that happened in the first season? Sleepy Hollow is a show overflowing with its own mythology and it can be easy to forget some important plot points. In anticipation of the September 22 premiere, let's recap the first 13 episodes, shall we?
Hot tip: if you have not yet visited the world of Sleepy Hollow, you can binge watch season one on Hulu Plus.
Episode 1: "Pilot"
First of all, who knew Ichabod Crane was such a hottie? Secondly, how come we never knew what a clever comedian he was? Crane wakes up in 2013 and the Headless Horseman is running rampant in Sleepy Hollow. Like any good pilot episode, we are introduced to all of our major players; Ichabod, Lieutenant Abbie Mills, August Corbin, Frank Irving, and Andy Brooks. Although Ichabod looks and sounds like a certified wackadoo, Abbie is inclined to believe his time travel story and the two of them team up only to learn that the Headless Horseman is actually Death, one of the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse.
Episode 2: "Blood Moon"
Episode 3: "For the Triumph of Evil"
A psychoanalyst who worked with the Mills sisters commits suicide and then others follow suit. Well guess what? The Sandman, a Mohawk dream spirit, is the one causing these deaths by using people's guilt against them. When you enter the dream world of the Sandman, you are able to confront and atone for past guilts, but then you die. Also, Abbie finds out that her sister has escaped from the hospital
Episode 4: "The Lesser Key of Solomon"
Abbie and Ichabod are on the hunt for Jenny and they find her at a cabin that Corbin had. Turns out Corbin used to have Jenny track down rare and magical objects. One such object, a sextant, reveals the hidden location of The Lesser Key of Solomon on an old Sleepy Hollow map. What is this key? It's actually a book that opens a doorway to the seventh circle of Hell. This is when we meet the Hessians; a secret group aligned with the Headless Horseman. Thankfully, Abbie destroys the book and also learns the name of the demon they are facing;Moloch.
Episode 5: "John Doe"
A sick, young boy is found alone in the woods and immediately put under CDC quarantine. This young man only speaks Middle English and claims to be from Roanoke. Roanoke is a lost Colony from the 16th century, so, where did the kid come from? A portal to a hidden village where everyone is suffering from the same illness. The Horseman, Pestilence, has released the boy into the present in hopes of spreading the disease. Of course Ichabod and Abbie don't let that happen and everyone in the 16th century stays where they are and everyone is cured.
Episode 6: "The Sin Eater"
O.K. the Horseman returns, Ichabod is kidnapped by Freemasons and Abbie and Jenny track down a Sin Eater. The Freemasons ask Ichabod to take a poison that will kill both him and the Horseman. Why? Because the two are joined by blood via some witchy stuff earlier on. Enter Henry Parish, the Sin Eater, who can help free Ichabod from his ties to the Horseman. Then, they all wait for the Horseman to return.
Episode 7: "The Midnight Ride"
The Horseman has beheaded all of the Freemasons and Abbie and Ichabod are trying to find the Horseman's skull before he does in hope of destroying it. They need to destroy the skull so the remaining three Horsemen can't rise and start the apocalypse. Ichabod finds the skull and uses it to lure the Horseman and trap him.
Are you still with me?
Episode 8: "Necromancer"
With the help of Andy (remember him?) Ichabod and Abbie interrogate the Headless Horseman. Through this interrogation, we learn that the Horseman is Abraham. Abraham is the former fiancé of Katrina (Ichabod's wife) and Ichabod's friend. (Well, not after Ichabod stole Katrina from him.) He was then killed by Hessians and turned into the Headless Horseman by Moloch. Officer Brooks, under the control of Moloch, sneaks a druidic relic into the chamber where the Horseman is being held and this allows Moloch's minions to be summoned and released.
Ichabod and Abbie investigate Lena Gilbert, the missing daughter of a wealthy mining magnate. She goes missing while at her family's country house; a house that just so happens to have a protective spell upon it and Katrina was the last person to be sheltered here. Basically, Ichabod and Abbie learn why their fates are entwined and Abbey has a vision of Katrina giving birth to a baby boy. Yup, Ichabod is a father and he doesn't even know it!
Episode 10: "The Golem"
Henry Parish returns to help Ichabod learn more about his son. We learn that Jeremy, Ichabod's son, conjured a Golem to protect him while growing up and now that Golem is going around murdering people. Henry also sends Ichabod to purgatory so he can chat with Katrina about all of this malarky.
Episode 11: "The Vessel"
Jenny becomes possessed, again, by a demon by the name of Ancitef. Ancitif is a minion of Moloch's who has the ability to jump from body to body via touch. He has returned to Sleepy Hollow to let Captain Irving know that he must deliver George Washington's Bible or great harm will come to his daughter.
So, the finale was a two-parter. Abbie and Ichabod learn that a map of purgatory is buried with George Washington's body. They ask Henry to help locate Washington's burial site so they can get the map. Inside of Washington's tomb, Andy shows up and attacks Ichabod, Abbie and Henry because he's been turned into a demon by Moloch. Our three heroes manage to escape the tomb and Abbie tells Ichabod to burn the map.
OK. Ichabod and Abbie go to purgatory where they are initially separated. They are looking for Katrina only to learn that she can only leave purgatory if someone takes her place. Abbie agrees to stay in purgatory so Katrina can leave with Ichabod; the two then travel to the four white trees where they hope to stop the arrival of the Horseman of War. Henry is there waiting for them so he can do the big reveal... Henry is actually Jeremy! He is Ichabod and Katrina's son and he was resurrected by Moloch 13 years ago! Wait. It get's better. He is also the Horseman of War! Henry allows the Horseman of Death to come and take Katrina while he traps Ichabod in a casket and Abbie remains trapped in purgatory.
You got all of that? Good.
I'll see you Monday, September 22 @ 9 p.m.!


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Saturday, June 21, 2014 | 12:20 p.m.
Metro Police arrested 29 people for felony drug offenses on the first day of the Electric Daisy Carnival.
Metro made 22 of those arrests by 11:30 p.m. Friday night. Despite the arrests, a Metro spokesman said late Friday that the event was starting off relatively smoothly.
The carnival, spread out on the infield of Las Vegas Motor Speedway, attracted 134,000 attendees on its first day, according to figures released by Insomniac Productions, the event's organizer. According to early Insomniac estimates, 88,000 people had already arrived by 11:30 p.m. Friday.
Metro said it made eight other arrests, including six for misdemeanors and two for driving under the influence of alcohol. Only four attendees were ejected from the carnival, according to Insomniac statistics.
Authorities responded to 249 mostly minor medical calls. Five people were taken to local hospitals.
Metro also reported six traffic crashes.


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Both the Lower and Senior Schools are blessed with beautiful historic buildings which inspire our pupils and constantly remind us all of those who came before us and found their success through a Queen's School education.
Over the years the elegant historic buildings have been added to and developed to keep pace with the demands of a modern curriculum.
We now have wifi across both school premises plus iPads and some of the best IT facilities in the independent sector for pupils and parents to access.
The Lower School also has a swimming pool, athletics facilities, tennis courts, a library, science lab, ceramics studio with a kiln, drama studio, outdoor learning facilities such as an outdoor classroom, forest school area and new play equipment from both the Infant and Junior playgrounds.
Despite its relatively small size for a secondary school, The Senior School has exceptionally well-resourced academic departments – art teachers use the full range of media to inspire and engage pupils, the library supports learning with regularly refreshed material for Year 7 upwards and the science departments are well resourced so as to ignite interest and develop a genuine passion for the subjects.
Opportunities to perform are plentiful and the arts subjects are supported by an imposing main hall and stage with flexible lighting and a well-stocked music room and drama studio.
The renovated Sport and Fitness Centre and Fitness Studio with modern changing facilities means more girls than ever are taking up sport and fitness activities. In addition the school has an astroturf pitch, tennis courts and athletics equipment and has use of the Lower School swimming pool.
Most girls take part in extracurricular activities at lunchtime but there is always time to relax with friends at lunch and break in the dining hall, form rooms, the quad and the top garden.
Sixth Formers have access to the Sixth Form House which contains two common rooms with plasma TVs and kitchen facilities and study area. In addition to the sport and fitness facilities, they also have access to a fitness suite with gym equipment and floor apparatus.


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Bulong Estate Winery– jaw dropping views, amazing locations for your wedding photos, food and wine that your guests will talk about for years to come and staff who will be with you every step of the way to ensure your wedding day is truly special.
You don't share our venue, garden or vineyard with anyone else when you choose Bulong Estate winery for your Yarra Valley wedding celebration. With stunning views of Mount Donna Buang and the Warburton ranges and only an hour's drive from Melbourne it is the perfect spot for your Wedding.
Matt is the estate's winemaker and his wife Monica is the events manager at Bulong Estate so you are guaranteed personal service for your special day from the family that lives on the vineyard.
Your wedding ceremony can be held on our outdoor stage with a beautiful backdrop of the vineyard and mountains. Or chose any other beautiful spot in the garden of vineyard that you prefer.
If you have some idea's for your wedding day try them on us, we pride ourselves on helping couples create that amazing day they dream of.
Our chefs are a creative bunch, and love to design delicious menus with you for your guests and your wedding day. So whatever style you are looking for, be it a formal seated gathering, or a more casual affair with shared platters, or stand up cocktail canapés- we at Bulong Estate can make that happen.
What's a Yarra Valley winery wedding without fantastic wine! You'll enjoy our single vineyard Bulong Estate wines, all grown, made and bottled here on site. We have some of the oldest Pinot Gris vines in the Yarra Valley, and with varieties including Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Franc – they'll be sure to delight the most discerning of palates.
Get in touch with Monica today, she would love to chat with you about your event and arrange a time to show you around our vineyard.


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Frequent Links
Sylvia Chang
|Sylvia Chang
File:Sylvia chang 2011.jpg
Chang at the 2011 Hong Kong International Film Festival
|Chinese name
|張艾嘉 (traditional)
|Chinese name
|张艾嘉 (simplified)
|Zhāng1 Ài4 jiā1 (Mandarin)
|Cheung Ngaai Ga (Cantonese)
|Birth name
|Ai-chia Sylvia Chang
|Wutai, Shanxi
21 July 1953
Chiayi, Taiwan
|Other name(s)
Sylvia Cheung Ai Ga
Chang Ai-Cha
|Actress, writer, director, singer
|Rock Records
|Years active
Sylvia Chang (born Ai-chia Sylvia Chang 21 July 1953 in Chiayi, Taiwan) is a Taiwanese actress, writer, singer, producer and director. In 1992, she was a member of the jury at the 42nd Berlin International Film Festival.[1]
Early life
Sylvia Chang was born in Chiayi, Taiwan and went off to school, until she was 16, where upon she dropped out and started her career as a radio DJ.[2] Soon she made the move into television when she was only 17. When she was 18 years old she starred in her first film.[3] Forty years later, Sylvia Chang is one of Hong Kong's greatest, and probably most diversified, female artist. Throughout her career in the film industry, which includes writing, directing, and producing, she is also a singer, a stage actress, and an advocate for World Vision International as well as a mother and wife.
Sylvia Chang's career has spanned over many decades.[4] She has been an actress, starting in the 70s when she was only 16, moving up to writing, directing and producing.[4] Many of the films she has directed try to defy the normal gender roles. Even herself as a well known female, Taiwanese, director has helped defy normal gender roles in the film industry. She stated in an interview with film editor, Clarence Tsui, that "I still think Hong Kong's film industry is male-dominated".[5] However, she is trying her best to break through that dominance. She also believes that "There aren't many male filmmakers who would write scripts for women".[5] But, she proved that one gender can write for the other with her film "Run Papa Run" (Chang 2008).[6] She helped write the script, based on the novel by Benny Li Shuan Yan,[7] that follows a man who belongs to the Triad and the relationship he has with his mother, wife and daughter.[4] Chang said in an interview that, "I thought why don't I explore the gentler side of men". She explored not only how men try to prove their masculinity by being in gangs, but also how they too, can have gentler sides.
Chang is known for trying out different types of roles: "From an innocent girl to a street walker, from a rude police officer to a respected teacher, from an alcoholic to a great mother. And through it all, she's never lost her zest for life".[8] She's not only versatile in her career choices, but as well in her acting career. From her first film when she was only 18, "The Tattooed Dragon" (Wei Lo 1973), to one of her most recent "20 30 40" which she not only starred as the 40-year-old woman, but also wrote and directed the film as well.[6] Chang also attempted to do her own stunts in the four part series "Aces Go Places".[9]
Chang's acting talents have also extended to the stage. She first began performing in theatre productions more than 30 years ago, but then took a break to pursue other career options and has recently made her return in a production called "Design For Living"[10] The play premiered in November 2008 and went on into 2009.[11] A play that tells of an older female boss and the developing feelings between her and her younger employee.[11] In regards to her long absence from performing on stage, Chang stated in an interview that, "The reason for me to take on stage play again after 20 years is because I was lured by the director, he has invited handsome guys like Zheng Yuan Chang and David Huang into the play".[11]
In between acting, Chang is also a proficient singer. With many popular songs, her music has also become hits for Karaoke.[2] In particular her song "The Cost of Love" is most commonly sung.[2] She is also known for her song "Childhood", sung in her eponymous album Childhood.
In her mid thirties, with a successful acting and singing career on her belt, Chang decided to venture out into a new profession. "I had never went to any school as a director or a filmmaker, so all my film education actually was from the set".[12] With her acting experience at her side, Chang took a chance at directing. In 1986, only her second film to direct, "Passion" which she also starred in and wrote, won her the Hong Kong Film Award for Best Actress.[2]
Between, now, acting, directing, and singing, she also began a television channel called Go Go TV in 1996.[13] At one point she was even the head producer of New Cinema City in Taiwan, but discovered she was not happy there and left a few years after joining.[12] She also began to write and produce, her own work, as well as others. Her most recent work being writing the screenplay, based on Benny Li Shuan Yan's book, "Run Papa Run" (Chang 2008), as well as directing the film.[7]
While her acting career ranges over multiple character types, the films she directs tend to have a more contemporary theme.[5] They usually follow the intricate lives of a few characters and explore their relationships with each other. While most of her films are considered dramas, she has dabbled in comedies. What makes her films even more unique is the animation and special effects she puts in them. Chang once said of her films that, "I've always felt that animation or special effects shouldn't just be limited to science-fiction films and their ilk. Dramas can also play around with them".[4]
Chang has left her mark on the Hong Kong film industry, paving the way for female filmmakers. She has opened the doors to more women in the film industry not only as an actress, but as a writer, producer, and director. One critic wrote of her, that "In an industry that kisses young actresses with celebrity, then swallows them and spits them out, Chang has a sequoia's longevity. She is the only Hong Kong actress of her generation—the early '70s—to keep starring in movies".[3]
Not only has she received the Hong Kong award for best actress, but her films have even been accepted into both the London and Toronto International film Festivals.[13] She has even been honored to serve on the jury for the Berlin Film Festival.[13] She also holds the record for the most nominations for Hong Kong Film Award for Best Actress, with nine nominations and 2 wins.
Personal life
Beyond her career in the film industry, Chang is an advocate for World Vision International. An organization that helps fight poverty and starvation over the world. Chang has personally created an advertisement, sponsored by World Vision, to promote the company, World Vision Advertisement on YouTube. She is also a member and advocate for "30 Hour Famine", an event World Visions sponsors. She first started almost 20 years ago to help raise awareness about malnutrition in third world countries. She has also visited Africa as well as Ethiopia in 1993. In the recent years she has used 30-hour famine to raise awareness of the effects Typhoon Morakot has done to Tawain and the poverty and famine it has created. She also personally sponsors a child in Mongolia, who she has helped to feed and take care of.[14] She is also a World Vision Life-Long Volunteer, who strives to bring awareness to the poverty and famine around the world.[14] She discussed her desire to be a part of this program as, "there are so many good things in the world, and so many horrible things, but all these things are for all of us to take responsibility for".[15]
Sylvia Chang's family life includes her husband, businessman Wang Ching Hung and her sons.[16] While her family life is usually not made to be very public, there was an incident in 2000 that brought her family life to the surface.
In July 2000, Sylvia Chang's nine-year-old son Oscar was kidnapped and held for a ransom of HK $15 million.[16] However, the police found him after a few days, safe, and arrested the kidnappers.[17] While Oscar was safe and not injured, it was still a shock to Sylvia and her husband "With your life, you have to move on, there's no other choice, so out of no choice then it's a matter of your attitude".[12]
- Office (2015)
- Buddha Mountain (2010)
- The Go Master (2006)
- American Fusion (2005)
- Rice Rhapsody (2004)
- 20 30 40 (2004)
- Forever and Ever (2001)
- Tempting Heart (1999)
- The Red Violin (1998)
- A Chinese Ghost Story: The Tsui Hark Animation (1997)
- Killer Lady (1995)
- I Want to Go on Living (1995)
- Eat Drink Man Woman (1994)
- C'est la vie, mon chéri (1994)
- In Between (1994)
- Huan ying (1993)
- Lucky Encounter (1992)
- The Twin Dragons (1992)
- The Banquet (1991) – Herself
- Sisters of the World Unite (1991)
- A Rascal's Tale (1991)
- Queen of Temple Street (1990)
- Full Moon in New York (1990)
- All About Ah-Long (1989)
- Two Painters (1989)
- Eight Taels of Gold (1989)
- The Fun, the Luck & the Tycoon (1989)
- Soursweet (1988)
- King of Stanley Market (1988)
- Chicken and Duck Talk (1988)
- My Mother's Tea House (1988)
- Sister Cupid (1987)
- Kidnapped (1987)
- Seven Years Itch (1987)
- Yellow Story (1987)
- Immortal Story (1986)
- Passion (1986)
- The Luckiest Stars (1986)
- Mad Mission 4: You Never Die Twice (1986)
- My Favorite Season (1985)
- Mad Mission III: Our Man from Bond Street (1984)
- Funny Face (1984)
- Double Trouble (1984)
- The Story in Sorghum Field (1984)
- Shanghai Blues (1984)
- That Day, on the Beach (1983)
- Cabaret of the Streets (1983)
- Mad Mission II (1983)
- Cabaret Tears (1983)
- Attack Force Z (1982)
- Mad Mission 1 (1982)
- Crazy Romance (1982)
- He Lives by Night (1982)
- My Grandfather (1982)
- In Our Time (1982)
- Kong zhong wu shi (1981)
- The Funniest Movie (1981)
- Zhong shen da shi (1981)
- Dai xiao jiang jun (1981)
- The Imperious Princess (1980)
- White Jasmine (1980)
- Xue jian leng ying bao (1980)
- Legend of the Mountain (1979)
- Crazy Disaster (1979)
- Ma feng nu (1979)
- Mitra (1977)
- A Pirate of Love (1977)
- Taibei liu shi liu (1977)
- Zuo ri chong chong (1977)
- The Lady Killer (1977)
- The Dream of the Red Chamber (1977)
- Qing se shan mai (1977)
- The Golden Age (1977)
- Ai qing wo zhao dao le (1977)
- Eight Hundred Heroes (1977)
- Bian se de tai yang (1976)
- Xing yu (1976)
- Luo ye piao piao (1976)
- Bi yun tian (1976)
- Lang hua (1976)
- Victory (1976)
- The Longest Bridge (1976)
- Warmth in Autumn (1976)
- Qiu chan (1976)
- The Story of Four Girls (1975)
- Bruce: Hong Kong Master (1975)
- Slaughter in San Francisco (1974)
- Shi qi shi qi shi ba (1974)
- The Tattooed Dragon (1973)
- Murmur of the Hearts (2015)
- Run Papa Run (2008)
- 20 30 40 (2004)
- Princess D (2002)
- Tempting Heart (1999)
- Tonight Nobody Goes Home (1996)
- Shao Nu xiao yu (1995)
- In Between (1994)
- Mary from Beijing (1992)
- Sisters of the World Unite (1991)
- Yellow Story (1987)
- Passion (1986)
- Once Upon a Time (1981)
- 20 30 40 (2004)
- Princess D (2002)
- Tempting Heart (1999)
- Tonight Nobody Goes Home (1996)
- Shao Nu xiao yu (1995)
- Conjugal Affair (1994)
- Three Summers (1992)
- Mary from Beijing (1992)
- Sisters of the World Unite (1991)
- Kolin Records (歌林發行)
- 1973 Never Say Goodbye 別說再見
- 1974 Tearfully Say to You 含淚向你說
- 1977 Farewell (惜別)
- 1980 Maybe / We Were Young (也许 / 我們曾經年輕)
- 1981 Childhood (童年)
- 1985 Busy and Blind (忙與盲)
- 1986 Do You Love Me? (你愛我嗎)
- 1987 Xi shuo (細說), lit. "clarify" or "elaborate"
- 1992 The Price of Love (愛的代價)
- ^ "Berlinale: 1992 Juries". berlinale.de. Retrieved 27 March 2011.
- ^ a b c d "Sylvia Chang". English.cri.cn.
- ^ a b "Sylvia Rising". TIME. 18 October 1999.
- ^ a b c d "Una cineasta tuttofare. Intervista con Sylvia Chang". Fareastfilm.com. 3 May 2014.
- ^ a b c South China Morning Post. "Filmmaker Sylvia Chang defies gender rules". YouTube.
- ^ a b http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0151827/
- ^ a b http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1196714/
- ^ "Sylvia Chang: from Actress to Director". Chinadaily.com.cn. 21 April 2004.
- ^ "Q&A: Sylvia Chang". TIME. 18 October 1999.
- ^ http://www.huayifestival.com/press/ST_8Jan.pdf
- ^ a b c Superstar (20 October 2008). "Starnews: Edward Lam is using Joe Cheng to 'lure' Sylvia Chang to appear on the stage play again". Asianfanaticfans.blogspot.com.
- ^ a b c "CNN.com – Chinese actress/director Sylvia Chang TalkAsia Interview Transcript – Oct 27, 2004". Articles.cnn.com. 27 October 2004.
- ^ a b c "Sylvia Chang". Filmbug. 2 January 2003.
- ^ a b "Joy of Sponsorship". Worldvision.org.hk.
- ^ "Sylvia Chang advocates solidarity". The China Post. 16 August 2009.
- ^ a b Author. "Profile of Sylvia Chang, Taiwanese award-winning actress in General Discussion Archive 9 Forum". Zhangziyi.yuku.com.
- ^ The Straits Times. "Sylvia Chang's son "beaten by abductors' - Worldnews.com". Article.wn.com.
- ^ "Sylvia Chang". imdb.com. Retrieved 16 March 2010.
- ^ "Sylvia Chang". chinesemov.com. Retrieved 16 March 2010.
External links
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Audio CD Seminars
The Tithing Dilemma
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Register for an Event
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God had an interesting problem to solve before He ever created the universe. How could He allow people (and angels) to have genuine free will, and yet have a way to righteously exclude them from His everlasting Kingdom if they decided to be evil? He did it by setting up a decree long before He ever created mankind. In this teaching titled "The Wages of Sin is Death," John Schoenheit explains why God established this decree and how it provided for humble and loving people to have a wonderful everlasting future. John also takes time to show from the Word that "death" means "death," and those who are not saved will be annihilated in the Lake of Fire, not tormented forever. We pray that this teaching will help you to see God's love and justice very clearly, and will strengthen you in your walk with the Lord.
Copyright 2014 © Spirit & Truth Fellowship International. All rights reserved.
Spirit & Truth Fellowship International - 180 Robert Curry Drive - Martinsville, IN 46151 - (888) 255-6189 - M-F 9-5 (EST) - International callers use (765) 349-2330 - Visit our ministry website at www.STFonline.org | Contact Us


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Biloxi Shuckers
Shuckers' luck runs out in extra-inning defeat
BILOXI – The Shuckers' run of eight consecutive extra-inning victories came to a close Wednesday night thanks to a handful of mistakes on defense.
The Chattanooga Lookouts beat Biloxi, 6-5, in 11 innings with the difference proving to be a flawless effort in the field for the road team. The Shuckers committed two errors and the Lookouts had none.
The Shuckers lost despite out-hitting the Lookouts, 15-8. Biloxi stranded 17 runners compared to 10 by Chattanooga.
"We weren't able to finish off the pitcher (Alex Wimmers)," Biloxi manager Carlos Subero said. "I thought we could have done a better job. We had 15 hits for five runs and they eight hits for six runs. I thought we were non-productive tonight."
The last time the Shuckers lost an extra-inning game came on May 9 to the Mississippi Braves in Pearl.
Every Shucker batter had a hit Tuesday except for catcher Adam Weisenburger, who had his five-game hitting streak end with an 0-for-5 night.
The two teams traded runs in both the seventh and eighth innings to tie the contest at 5-5 headed to the ninth before a crowd of 3,299.
Orlando Arcia hit his fifth homer of the season for the Shuckers in the seventh on a laser over the left field wall and Biloxi's Tyrone Taylor again tied the game at 5-5 in the eighth on an RBI single.
The Lookouts scored the winning run in the top of the 11th when Heiker Meneses took home when Biloxi reliever Damien Magnifico's pitch got away from Weisenburger for a passed ball.
Both of Biloxi's errors came in the third inning, leading to the three unearned runs to tie the game at 3-3 with Shuckers starting pitcher Hobbs Johnson on the mound.
A one-out RBI double by Steve Wickens cut the Shuckers' lead to 3-1. The man who scored, Levi Michael, reached with one out on a throwing error to first by Weisenburger.
Chattanooga scored again when Biloxi third baseman Taylor Green took Kennys Vargas's grounder and threw home to get the runner, but the toss missed its target and Shannon Wilkerson scored to make it 3-2.
A two-out single to left by Marcus Knecht scored one more run. It would have been two runs if not for an accurate throw by Josh Fellhauer from left field to gun down Travis Harrison at home.
Fellhauer and Nick Ramirez both hit first-inning home runs to give the Shuckers a 3-0 lead. Both of the left-handed hitters went opposite field with their homers, starting with Fellhauer's two-run blast.
The three homers by the Shuckers Wednesday night was a season high. Fellhauer has two homers this season and Ramirez has 13. Arcia has hit five.
The lone homer for the Lookouts came off the bat of Michael, who gave the Lookouts a 4-3 lead in the top of the seventh by clearing the left field scoreboard for a solo homer, his fourth of the season.
Shuckers starting pitcher Hobbs Johnson lasted five innings, giving up three runs – none earned – on four hits. He struck out two and walked four.
Johnson continues to have issues with his control, walking 23 batters in the last 24 innings.
"Hopefully he'll get a long rest here," Subero said. "When he comes back, hopefully he gets out of it and starts pitching like he can."
Milwaukee Brewers right-hander Wily Peralta will be the starting pitcher for the Shuckers at 7:10 p.m. Thursday in game two of the series with the Chattanooga Lookouts.
Peralta is trying to make his way back to the majors after a strained oblique put him on the Brewers' disabled list in May. He was 1-4 with a 4.00 ERA with Milwaukee at the time of his injury.
Left-hander Brett Lee (0-3, 4.67) will be the starting pitcher for Chattanooga Thursday.


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Reporting an Absence
To report an absence please call: (760) 631-4500 ext.64008
Leave a message and be sure to include the following:
Date of the absence
Your child's name
Date of birth and/or Grade
Reason for the absence
Your name, relation to the student and a call back number
When a student returns to school following an absence, the parent/guardian has 72 hours (3 school days) to notify the school with the reason for the absence and to turn in any medical verification for medical appointments. Any student with 10 excused absences verified by phone calls will be required to provide a written explanation for all future absences. This verification must be written by the appropriate professional on his/her letterhead, addressing the medical, and legal or bereavement reason. Medical & dental notes may be faxed to 760-643-2490.
Improvements to School Safety Procedures
There is nothing more important to us as a district than the safety of our school communities, and to improve in this area, our district has implemented changes to district board and to the administrative policy. To ensure the smooth implementation of these changes, we believe it is important to communicate at both the district and site levels, so this is the one of several communications about this topic as we move toward implementing these changes.
Our District-wide emphasis on school safety includes the following:
- Before and after school, only students and staff will be allowed inside the campus perimeter.
- Parents can access staff, as they normally would, via the scan of a government-issued id to sign in/sign out procedure in the office for meetings and other routine needs.
- While in session, school perimeters will be secure and locked.
- During arrival and dismissal, open gate areas will be supervised.
- Employees will wear their employee badges.
Student release during the school day will be standardized and is as follows:
- Students shall be released during the school day only to the custody of an adult in possession of a valid, government issued photo identification card and if:
- The adult is the student's custodial parent/guardian
- The adult has been authorized on the student's emergency card as someone to whom the student may be released with prior authorization from the custodial parent/guardian or when the custodial parent/guardian cannot be reached, and the principal or designee verifies the adult's identity
- The adult is an authorized law enforcement officer acting in accordance with law
- The adult is taking the student to emergency medical care at the request of the principal or designee
We want to thank our community for sharing this value of safety, and though some of procedures may take some getting used to, they are for the benefit of our students, staff, and parents.
For more detailed information please click on the following link to be redirected to our district message: http://www.vistausd.org/cms/news_item


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Today marks the start of the 10th National Apprenticeship Week (NAW). Its aim is to bring together employers and apprentices from across England to celebrate the success of apprenticeships and to encourage even more people to choose apprenticeships as a fast-track to a great career.
A big talking point for this year's NAW is how ready companies are for the Apprentice Levy which kicks in from next month. The levy will affect all employers with a payroll bill over £3M. So, for FA Premier League clubs with a relatively small number of staff on massive wages, that will mean quite a sizeable levy contribution.
In fact, according to our analysis, teams will face a combined apprenticeship levy bill of almost £10 million!
Based on publicly available figures of club wages, Manchester City - with a wage bill of £225 million for the 2016-17 season - will face the biggest levy charge of £1.125 million this year. At the bottom of the apprentice levy Premier League is Hull City. Its wage bill of £25 million equates to a levy charge of £125,000.
Chelsea – currently top of the actual FA Premier League are in third spot in the apprentice 'Levy League' with a bill just shy of £1.1 million. Current champions Leicester City are in 11th spot – four places higher than their actual league position – and face a levy charge of £330,000. Whilst the sum is not unsubstantial, it is still actually less than striker Jamie Vardy earns in a month.
According to our research, whilst Clubs are aware of the levy, many appear to still be struggling to work out exactly how it will affect them or, most importantly for government, whether they will actually hire more apprentices.
As part of the study, we asked all 'Top 6' Premier League clubs whether they had plans in place to reclaim the levy tax through the recruitment of non-playing apprentices and, if they were to deploy the levy, what type of apprentices they planned to hire and into what roles.
When asked to explain their plans, a Chelsea spokesperson was able to only state that "'we are working with the Skills Funding Agency and other relevant parties to explore how the levy can be spent in the most effective way." Things are not that much clearer at Manchester City, who explained that the apprentice levy "will see a holistic approach to support individuals enhance their skill set and we will continue to explore opportunities and openings across the business."
Last year Manchester United formed a partnership with Stratford College to recruit apprentices and to develop their current staff with training programmes. Since the start of the new partnership, apprenticeships opportunities have been created in business administration, facilities services, human resources, ICT, customer service and hospitality.
Arsenal is "fully aware" of the levy but they too "are working through our approach". From next year the club plans to reclaim some of its one million pound bill to fund the training of its first-year [football playing] scholars. The north London club says it is "working with our providers to reallocate levy funds towards our supply chain".
Arsenal's rivals Tottenham Hotspur appear to be the most sure-footed when it comes to the levy. The Club has created its own construction academy in partnership with three local colleges and they are currently exploring the prospect of creating their own hospitality and retail academies. They will use these initiatives to provide opportunities for local people to gain work-based learning on the site of the Club's new stadium development.
According to Simon Felstein, head of communications, Tottenham Hotspur is "committed to supporting local people in accessing apprenticeship and job opportunities that are being created through the new stadium development and wider regeneration of North Tottenham. More than 200 apprenticeships have been created as a direct result of the Club's new stadium development.
"Our strategic employment partnership with Haringey Council and the Department for Working Pensions will also help us understand how we can best utilise the levy as we seek to identify the inward investment projects, skills shortages and the skill demand in the short, medium and long term across a wide range of sectors within the borough. We are also exploring Higher Level Apprenticeship pathways and the conversion of internships to create real and sustainable pathways to full time employment in line with our workforce development requirements."
From our perspective it's concerning that there appears to be a lack of clear planning amongst Clubs on how they might draw down their levy funds. And whilst it might not have been too surprising to have heard that Clubs were planning to roll out programmes gradually to ensure a successful implementation, the fact that many appear to be in such early explorative stages with partners suggests more could have been done by the Department for Education to communicate to all businesses the need to get themselves organised in time for the levy's introduction.


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Free Certificate Maker
Free Media Freeware Windows 98/Me/NT/2000/XP/2003/Vista/Server 2008/7/8 Version 1.0 Full Specs
Publisher's Description
From Media Freeware:
Certificates are a great way to encourage students, employees, sportspersons. For all those enthusiasts who wish to create their own ones, the Free Certificate Maker is an ideal choice. As the name indicates, it is software that is free of cost and can be downloaded by anyone who has such a requirement. It is simple to use and contains a number of variations in order to customize the end result. The quality of the output is impressive and users will not need more than a few minutes for the same. This is a small sized tool that does not require much disk space. Therefore, the speed and performance of the device are not compromised. So, is the security as there are no harmful viruses in the Free Certificate Maker. Any PC or laptop that runs on Windows OS is enough for the job to be accomplished. Users will come across a very user friendly interface and simple settings. Once it is initiated, they can choose a template which meets their current requirements. When this is done, they can proceed towards customizing it by changing the background, color and style. The size of the certificate can also be modified and margins added to give it a distinctive look. The next thing to do is to add the text. The font size and style, distance between the words, color and design have to be chosen at this stage. The Free Certificate Maker even lets users add a signature column in which a digital one can be inserted. The response time of the software is great and there will be no system crashes at any point in time. It is a very handy tool that lets users mail the output to others or print the same to be distributed at a later stage.


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iOS 7 is upon us. Some time midday Wednesday, that little red icon will appear on your Settings app on your iPhone, iPad, or iPod; letting you know an update is waiting. This important event must be planned for accordingly and analyzed carefully once executed.
With that in mind, please work your way through our pre and post update checklist so that you can enjoy iOS 7 Day to the fullest.
Backup, Backup, Backup
We have been encouraging our readers to take advantage of iCloud backup since iOS 5. It is simply the best way to preserve your data from loss and prevent yet another social media status update proclaiming "Got a new phone. Text me your number!" It also makes it a breeze to set up a new device.
In the spirit of the Internet, we will simply redirect you to a comprehensive source for backing up your iDevice instead of doing the work ourselves. Whether using iCloud (you should) or syncing manually to your computer, preserving your contacts, calendars, texts, game data, photos, documents, etc. is vital before updating to a new operating system.
Visit our friends at 9to5mac for a thorough walk through of backing up your device.
Hoarders Beware
iOS updates take space. And let's face it, you have piles of pictures, vines, and animated gifs cluttering your device. It may be time to sift through that camera roll and delete all the pictures of the back of your hand. Pay attention to text messages as well. Images and Gifs sent via text take up quite a bit of space.
A good purge is healthy every once in a while. Make tonight the night.
Hurry Up and Wait
Now it's time to anxiously await that notification to come in. Instead of staring at your device non stop until that blessed moment (guilty), make sure you are connected to a good strong wifi or plugged in to your computer via your USB cord. Any interruption during the updating process can lead to a mess that even tech savvy people dread.
When that icon does appear, tap on your Settings app, then General, then Software Update. You're now a click and a wait away from a brand new phone.
Take a Deep Breath and Dive In
This is going to be fun and frustrating. Many things you are familiar with on your iDevice will be different. But it's worth exploring. To ease the pain, we will walk you through a few new features and new icons.
Most of the stock icons got a new coat of paint. Below is a graphic to help explain:
Now that you're comfortable with the icons. Let's discover some new features.
Swipe up from the bottom of the screen to expose Control Center:
With Control Center you have easy access to your most used settings and apps.
Now swipe down from the top of the screen to expose Notification Center.
Notification Center has three different panes to swipe through, exposing your alerts. Like Control Center it can be accessed from any screen including the Lock Screen.
Now you should explore the camera. After all, it is probably your most frequently used point and shoot device. The new Camera App has live filters, new shooting modes, and a new layout.
Now that you have an app open, double click the home button to bring up the new multitasking window. These live views of your open apps can be scrolled through, tapped to open, and flicked away to close.
Head into the Photos App and take a look at the new layout. iOS 7 groups your photos by location and date to help manage the endless stream of food pictures in your camera roll. You can even zoom out to the year view with just a pinch.
Select an image and you can share it in several different ways by tapping the share button at the bottom of the screen (box with an arrow pointing up). That will take you to the new Share Sheet where you can send it to Facebook, Twitter, Mail, Messages, Flickr, etc. You also have an option to share via AirDrop. With AirDrop, anyone who has an iPhone near you becomes a tappable contact. Simply tap their name or photo and the photo will be shared instantly.
There are many more features we will leave you to explore on your own. Siri, iTunes Radio, and Safari would be good places to start. Let us know your favorite features in the comments below.
A Word of Caution
With any new overhaul, some third part apps won't work like you remember. In some cases they may be non functional until the developer pushes the update to the App Store (did we mention your Apps update automatically now?). Be patient as developers update their apps. And in the meantime, if you absolutely can't function at work or school without a certain app, check to see that it is updated in the App Store before transitioning to the new operating system.
Good Luck! And Happy iOS Day!


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The chairperson of Roe Valley Special Olympics Club is appealing for volunteers.
Jackie O'Kane hopes people who can spare an hour and a half each week will heed the call.
Mrs O'Kane said volunteers are in for "a brilliant experience" with the athletes.
"We meet weekly in Limavady High School and offer athletes training in athletics from 7.15pm-8.30pm each Wednesday," said Jackie. "We have eight members, aged from 19 to 20 to into their fifties. They're from the Limavady, Ballykelly and Magilligan areas."
The group had success at the All Ireland games in Limerick in 2014 with two members bringing home gold and silver medals, representing Team Ulster.
"The feeling of achievement from volunteering is brilliant. When you see the atheletes progress each week, and you see the excitement in their faces, it's hard to walk away from that," said Ms O'Kane.
"Anyone interested should drop in to Limavady High School on Wednesday evenings. It's amazing and I urge people to come in and see it for yourself.
"Give it a go because, once you get in, you're hooked. It is satisfying and, yes, it has become a part of my life."
The Roe Valley Special Olympics Club was established in 2010. Jackie said it's the only club in the Limavady area catering for athletes with intellectual disabilities.
Volunteers aged from 15 and athletes aged from eight are welcome.


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Dismayed by the TV schedules this Christmas? Can't face sitting down to watch the DVD someone gave you as an unwanted present? Fancy getting your synapses into shape for the New Year? Then why not enter my annual Observer Wine Quiz and give yourself a chance to win £300-worth of wine from Waitrose, chosen (if you require) with my help and advice. Send your answers on a postcard (no emails, please) to Observer Magazine Wine Quiz, Kings Place, 90 York Way, London N1 9GU by 6 January 2010. The answers and the winner's name will be printed in the magazine on 24 January. Six runners-up will each receive a bottle of Bollinger Special Cuvée.
1 How much wine would you find in an Impériale?
a) Four litres
b) Six litres
c) Eight litres
2 What does Xynomavro mean in Greek?
a) Great with meze
b) Soft and fruity
c) Acidic and black
3 Which is the largest of these three Burgundian Grands Crus?
a) Clos de Vougeot
b) Le Montrachet
c) Le Musigny
4 Why would a winemaker use a spinning cone?
a) To get fit
b) To kill nematodes
c) To reduce the alcohol content in his wine
5 Spot the odd one out
a) Barbaresco
b) La Morra
c) Serralunga d'Alba
6 Which of these Australian regions
is famous for its
a) Margaret River
b) The Yarra Valley
c) The Barossa Valley
7 What is the name of the crossing invented in 1948 by Dr HP Olmo?
a) Ruby ruby
b) Ruby Cabernet
c) Olmo's revenge
8 Which South American country specialises in
a) Bolivia
b) Brazil
c) Uruguay
9 Supreme, Noma and Diam are all types of what?
a) Corks
b) Grape varieties
c) Barrels
10 What is PX short for?
a) Pancho Ximénez
b) Pedro Ximénez
c) Palomino Ximénez
11 What is the official Californian term for a Bordeaux blend?
a) Heritage
b) French Paradox
c) Meritage
12 To which grape variety is Crljenak related?
a) Zibibbo
b) Zinfandel
c) Zweigelt
13 The Billionaire's Vinegar is about a cache of wine that allegedly belonged to which US president?
a) Jimmy Carter
b) Abraham Lincoln
c) Thomas Jefferson
14 If you use yarrow, camomile, cow's horns and a stag's bladder in your vineyards, are you…
a) Recovering from a very heavy night out
b) A follower of biodynamism
c) An organic wine grower
15 What is Brunello
di Montalcino
made from?
a) Sangiovese
b) Montalcino
c) Montepulciano
16 What is the name of the white soil of the
Sherry region?
a) Flor
b) Almacenista
c) Albariza
17 What is Sam Neill's New Zealand wine called?
a) Dead Calm
b) Two Paddocks
c) Perfect Strangers
18 Which is normally the most acidic?
a) Barbera d'Alba
b) McLaren Vale Shiraz
c) Rioja Reserva
19 In which country would you find Clos des Agaises, Genoels-Elderen and Domaine du Chenoy?
a) Luxembourg
b) France
c) Belgium
20 Which is the most northerly of these three Médoc châteaux?
a) Pontet-Canet
b) Beychevelle
c) Margaux
21 How many hectares of vineyards are there in Virginia?
a) 100
b) 1,000
c) 10,000
22 Where does The Chocolate Block come from?
a) South Africa
b) Switzerland
c) Austria
23 Which is Chile's largest winery?
a) Santa Rita
b) De Martino
c) Concha y Toro
24 How much wine does a pièce hold?
a) 225 litres
b) 228 litres
c) 500 litres
25 What does Grosses Gewächs mean?
a) Large vineyard
b) First growth
c) High in alcohol
26 Mendoza accounts for what percentage of Argentina's wine production?
a) 30%
b) 50%
c) 70%
27 Which of the following Kiwi wineries is not French-owned?
a) Cloudy Bay
b) Peregrine
c) Montana
28 What are 115, 667 and 777?
a) Code names for British secret agents
b) Three motorways in Burgundy
c) Clones of Pinot Noir
29 Which is normally the most alcoholic form of Valpolicella?
a) Amarone
b) Ripasso
c) Recioto
30 Who said: "I am only a beer teetotaller, not a Champagne teetotaller"?
a) George Bernard Shaw
b) Oscar Wilde
c) Morrissey