text:
Council term limits also limit aspirations
SERVING in city elective office can be a dead-end job, at least for the politically ambitious.
Many have tried to use City Hall as a launching pad for promotions. Most have failed.
With the exception of Annise Parker, who parlayed a council seat into the city controller position, and Sylvia Garcia, who went from the controller's office to county Commissioners Court, no one has gone directly from council to a higher elective position since voters imposed term limits in 1991.
Maybe that's what the public intended.
Supporters say term limits allow a regular infusion of new blood and thinking into government, as well as creating independence from special interests. But term limits not only limit tenure at City Hall to three two-year terms, they also stifle elected officials' chances of holding another elected job.
"Council positions are devalued," University of Houston political scientist Richard Murray said. "It's not conducive to distinguishing yourself and building a base to run elsewhere."
Others not restrictedOther local elected officials aren't subjected to term limits, so they can have longer to develop reputations and name identification. And because city offices are officially nonpartisan, council members aren't required to stake partisan positions.
"Everyone else has to get through a primary," Murray said. "Governing from the center at the city doesn't equip you well to get through the primary."
Martha Wong was elected to the state House, but it was three years after term limits forced her off council.
Chris Bell won a single term in Congress, but that was after he had left the council and ran unsuccessfully for mayor. Now he's the Democratic nominee for governor — not the best bet for election in Republican-controlled Texas.
Before term limits, Kathy Whitmire went from controller to mayor, Sheila Jackson Lee from council to Congress and Rodney Ellis from council to the state Senate.
But most recent attempts have faltered.
Former Councilman Mark Ellis ran an unsuccessful campaign for state Senate earlier this year, one of three officeholders who got trounced by radio talker Dan Patrick in the GOP primary. City term limits forced Ellis from office in 2005.
In 2003, Bruce Tatro and Gabe Vasquez came up short in bids for city controller, losing to Parker. Orlando Sanchez ran for mayor twice and failed. He ran for county treasurer in the Republican primary this March and got whipped by incumbent Jack Cato.
Mark Goldberg lost a Republican primary bid for justice of the peace in 2004 while still on council.
Several former members of council got non-elective jobs with other public institutions.
Tatro works for Harris County Tax Assessor-Collector Paul Bettencourt, handling software development. Carroll Robinson and Jew Don Boney are both at Texas Southern University, as the associate dean of external affairs and the associate director of the Mickey Leland Center, respectively.
Goldberg was the president of the Galleria Chamber of Commerce. But he only stayed on the job for four months, leaving over what he says was a disagreement with the executive committee.
Of course, political ambition is hard to contain, and other council members will continue to try and buck history.
Shelley Sekula-Gibbs, who is serving her last council term, wants to succeed departing Republican Tom DeLay as representative of the 22nd Congressional District.
And there's Mayor Bill White, who doesn't discourage speculation that he has higher political aspirations.
Not every City Council member intends to use the seat as a stepping-stone for future office. Second-term Councilwoman Pam Holm and freshman Peter Brown, for example, have said their only plans are to serve for six years and then return to private life.
And whether the more politically ambitious like it or not, that may be the path for most city officeholders.


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Have you ever imagined traveling and performing with the circus? Every year thousands of performers and technicians, producers and directors travel with one of the many circus acts around the US and even the world. As with any performing job, much practice and skill is required to get that job with the big top, but it is very possible.
These jobs fall into the entertainment category of work travel employment, so competition is fierce. You also find it is a small industry where everyone knows everyone and reputation is huge.
You may be familiar with the TV Series on PBS called Circus. It is a reality show that followed the people behind the Big Apple Circus in the 2009-2010 season, as they dazzled fans and spectators.
This show is a great introduction to what is involved when working with the Circus. Circus introduces you to the people behind the show and does a great job showing what it takes to be a circus performer. Check it out.
Watch the full episode. See more Circus.
With the Circus, there are the obvious jobs and the not so obvious jobs. Obvious jobs are performers and they include aerialists, clowns, the Ringmaster, lion tamers and acrobats. These jobs are acquired by those with a high amount of talent and charisma which is required to keep the audience entertained.
These jobs require a life of practice or a degree. Clowns, for example, often go to one of the many clown colleges around the US, or the world. Desireable clown traits include exaggerated facial expressions, magic tricks, busking, juggling, comedic timing and knowing how to be funny always helps.
Acrobats and aerialists also have a lifetime of practice which they use to work for the Circus. They also might specialize in performing with hanging silks or the high wire. They also may have professional training in gymnastics.
When you are looking to break into the business as a circus performer, you will likely have to submit an audition tape months before the season is set to begin. This audition tape can be in addition to your resume, and is going to be a tape of you performing your best work. Make sure the tape clearly demonstrates your best material and also has your contact information.
With BOH positions,
you don't know what they do,
until they don't do it.
Just as there are positions in front of the crowd, there are just as many behind the scenes positions with the circus which require traveling.
Positions include audio/video technician, tour photographer, animal wrangler/caretaker, wardrobe supervisor, floor crew, tour managers and even private school tutors for the younger performers. More positions exist, so do your research and find the one that works for you.
Make no mistake, they are a very important part of the show, it's just that the crowds don't see the work that goes on behind the scenes. Thus, with BOH positions, most patrons don't know what you do until you don't do it. You see, these are the people who make the show happen backstage. These positions require various skills depending on the job performed. They also travel with the circus making sure every show happens as it should.
Some back of house positions require technical training in a specialized field (I'm talking about you, Elephant Caretakers) while others require a willingness to travel and a strong work ethic. To find out what positions are available, go to the touring companies website and find the careers section. Feld Entertainment, for example, is one of the larger companies that hires for the Ringling Brothers, among other touring acts.
The key to finding the position that's right for you is to do something you are interested in. Get the job that is also your passion, so it doesn't feel like work when you are doing it. Working in entertainment and traveling 24/7 are grueling enough, so make sure you get satisfaction in the role you play to make the most of your employment, be that in the circus or elsewhere.
If you are hiring for a traveling act such as the Circus, Contact us about posting on Travel Droppings.
The world is too amazing not to share.
Resources for Travel Jobs Abroad
Consider a Military career?
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What's it like to work onboard cruise ships
Do cruise ship staff party?
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Get Paid to Party!
How to become an au pair
Meet an au pair in the USA
Run a Travel Website
Hospitality Jobs Abroad
Monetize that Website
Bad Resumé won't get hired
Resumé advice after travel
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Become a carnie
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Delivering on our mission
BTV Ignite works on a range of activities delivered in partnership with organizations across Burlington and Vermont. These tangible projects are driving entrepreneurship, jobs and skills, digital innovation, STEM initiatives, and digital inclusion.
Together, our activities are building our area's reputation as an 21st century innovation leader.
Click the topics listed for more information on just some of our current and recent key activities.


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- Research article
- Open Access
Transmissibility of caprine scrapie in ovine transgenic mice
© O'Rourke et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2012
- Received: 13 September 2011
- Accepted: 17 February 2012
- Published: 2 April 2012
The United States control program for classical ovine scrapie is based in part on the finding that infection is typically spread through exposure to shed placentas from infected ewes. Transmission from goats to sheep is less well described. A suitable rodent model for examining the effect of caprine scrapie isolates in the ovine host will be useful in the ovine scrapie eradication effort. In this study, we describe the incubation time, brain lesion profile, glycoform pattern and PrPSc distribution patterns in a well characterized transgenic mouse line (Tg338) expressing the ovine VRQ prion allele, following inoculation with brain from scrapie infected goats.
First passage incubation times of caprine tissue in Tg338 ovinized mice varied widely but second passage intervals were shorter and consistent. Vacuolation profiles, glycoform patterns and paraffin-embedded tissue blots from terminally ill second passage mice derived from sheep or goat inocula were similar. Proteinase K digestion products of murine tissue were slightly smaller than the original ruminant inocula, a finding consistent with passage of several ovine strains in previous reports.
These findings demonstrate that Tg338 mice propagate prions of caprine origin and provide a suitable baseline for examination of samples identified in the expanded US caprine scrapie surveillance program.
- Prion
- Mouse
- Transgenic
- Caprine
Ovine and caprine scrapie are transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) of small ruminant livestock. TSEs are also reported in domestic cattle and exotic zoo-raised bovids (bovine spongiform encephalopathy or BSE) and in farm-raised and free-ranging cervids (chronic wasting disease or CWD of deer, elk and moose). Human TSEs include a varied group of familial, sporadic, iatrogenic and infectious disorders. Human variant Creutzfeldt Jakob disease (vCJD) is a novel infectious TSE apparently originating from exposure to infectious bovine tissues [1, 2] and transmitted at low rates through blood transfusion [3]. Although scrapie has not demonstrated zoonotic potential, the introduction of vCJD through exposure to domestic animal food products has led to a call for global eradication of all animal TSEs.
TSEs are characterized by accumulation of a relatively protease resistant isoform (PrPSc) of the normal cellular prion protein (PrPc), encoded by the PRNP gene [4]. The transmissible agent, referred to as a prion, is uniquely proteinaceous [5] and composed largely of PrPSc. In all TSEs, prions and PrPSc accumulate in the central nervous system but significant accumulation also occurs in the lymphoid tissue and placenta [6, 7] of sheep and goats with classical scrapie. Classical ovine scrapie is apparently transmitted by oral or mucosal exposure to prions shed in the placenta, blood and/or milk of infected postparturient ewes [8]. Susceptibility to infection with the classical ovine scrapie agent is associated with the amino acid sequence of the host PrPc[9]. Selection for relatively resistant breeding stock has the potential of accelerating eradication of ovine scrapie from domestic flocks.
Caprine scrapie may originate from exposure to infected sheep or infected goats. Classical ovine scrapie is readily transmitted from sheep to domestic goats by experimental oral challenge with placental tissue [8]. The practice of co-housing sheep and goats during parturition and the use of milk from goats for feeding orphaned lambs raise the question of whether caprine scrapie is transmissible to sheep under field conditions and if so, whether there are strains of caprine scrapie that result in novel diagnostic or transmission patterns when passaged in sheep. Large animal experiments to address these issues in the natural host are expensive and time consuming, with incubation time measured in years. The introduction of transgenic mice in which the murine PRNP gene is replaced by the PRNP gene of the species of interest has provided an alternative means for estimating interspecies transmission potential. The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility of using the well characterized ovinized mouse strain Tg338 as a surrogate for sheep as bioassay recipients for detection of caprine prions.
Donor animals
Brain tissue was collected from three domestic goats (case numbers 3538, 3558 and 30–75) and one reference domestic sheep (case number 3178) with naturally-acquired classical scrapie. All four animals had been identified as scrapie suspect animals based on antemortem detection of PrPSc in rectal mucosal associated lymphoid tissue using immunohistochemistry. Scrapie was diagnosed by postmortem detection of PrPSc in the medulla at the level of the obex.
PRNP genotyping was performed on the 4 donor samples. The reference sheep 3178 was homozygous for the wild type ovine allele, encoding alanine at codon 136, arginine at codon 154, and glutamine at codon 171 (ARQ/ARQ). This genotype is identified in more than 90% of the scrapie cases diagnosed in the US [10] and Canada [11]. The caprine PRNP gene is highly polymorphic [12, 13] and there is no standard nomenclature for naming alleles. Polymorphisms have been identified on two haplotypes, differing at codon 240 (encoding proline P or serine S). Goat 3538 was homozygous for the wild type allele encoding 240P with no other polymorphisms on either strand. Goat 30–75 was heterozygous for 2 alleles on the 240P backbone; the wild type allele encoding glycine at codon 127 and an alternative allele encoding serine at that site. Goat 3558 was heterozygous for 2 alleles on the 240P backbone; the wild type allele encoding isoleucine at codon 142 and an alternative allele encoding methionine at that site.
Survival curves in bioassay mice
Inoculum groups and median survival times after serial intracerebral passage in Tg338 mice
Inoculum groups
Recipients tested1
Median survival time
case number
(n, c)
10, 0
10, 0
9, 0
7, 3
11, 3
22, 2
9, 0
19, 0
Western blot analysis
Glycoform analysis
Histologic scoring of vacuolization by brain region of Tg338 mice
Distribution and severity of vacuolization was assessed in P2 Tg338 mice from each of the 4 inoculum groups. Twelve regions (9 grey matter, 3 white matter) [15] of each second passage Tg338 mouse and non-inoculated, age-matched mice were scored for vacuolization by a pathologist (TRS) without knowledge of inoculum group. Vacuolization was not observed (score = 0) within any of the twelve brain regions of non-inoculated mice except for within G2 where a score of "1" was recorded for one mouse; the mean (± standard error) score for region G2 in non-inoculated mice was thus 0.125 ± 0.354 (n = 8 mice), which is not significantly different than a score of 0.
PET blots
Bioassay of tissues from scrapie infected sheep and goats demonstrated the transmissible nature of the disorder and the novel characteristics of the infectious agent well before the introduction of the prion hypothesis [16, 17]. Oral and parenteral challenge demonstrated the susceptibility of goats to ovine scrapie [18–20]. Reciprocal studies examining the susceptibility of sheep to caprine scrapie are less well described. Studies in the natural ruminant host are limited by the prolonged incubation time and the expense of housing large animals in biocontainment. Transgenic mice expressing a PRNP gene from a species of interest are a suitable surrogate host for some studies of prion disease in humans, cattle, sheep and deer [15, 21–27]. Considerable variation is noted among transgenic strains, however, with differences in outcome associated with route of inoculation [28, 29], transgene sequence of the regulatory and coding regions of PRNP [30], and transgene expression level [31]. The murine Tg338 line expresses the ovine PRNP VRQ allele under the ovine PRNP promotor with overexpression of PrPc in the central nervous system and lymphoreticular system [29], sites of PrPSc accumulation in sheep and goats. This transgenic mouse line has been useful in characterizing atypical (Nor98) [32, 33] and classical scrapie in sheep of various genotypes [34, 35]. Several ovine isolates have been further characterized by serial passage to identify candidate classical scrapie strains differing in biochemical or clinical profiles in Tg338 mice [36, 37]. In this study, we examined the use of Tg338 mice as a surrogate for characterizing caprine scrapie bioassayed in the ovine host. We examined incubation time, neuropathological phenotype, glycoform profile, and proteinase K cleavage pattern following primary and secondary passage of brain homogenates from three goats with naturally acquired scrapie. Brain tissue from a sheep homozygous for the PRNP ARQ allele was used as a reference ovine scrapie case.
Incubation times for all 4 inoculum groups were prolonged and variable upon primary passage to Tg338 mice; mean incubation times were not related to ELISA/Western blot titer. The sample from goat 3538 showed the widest variation in survival time on primary passage, with insidious onset at as early as 199 days and clinical signs of ataxia, weight loss and kyphosis by 206 days; survival times in some mice in this group exceeded 300 days. Mice were euthanized at 199–228 days (n = 3 short incubation), at 253–263 days (n = 4 mid-range incubation), and at greater than 331 days (n = 3 long incubation). Subpassage of samples from mice in the short (228 days) and long (331 days) incubation groups resulted in shorter incubation periods and mean survival times with no significant difference between the short and long incubation sample recipients (137 +/−2 and 135 +/−5 respectively); likewise, there was no significant difference among the groups of P2 mice from the other inocula.
Several phenotypes have been described following passage of tissue from scrapie infected sheep to Tg338 mice. Notably, differences in incubation time on primary and secondary passage associated with differences in electrophoretic profiles have been described [36, 38], particularly in sheep with alleles occurring on the ARQ haplotype. These cases have been reported as homozygous for alleles encoding ARQ at codons 136, 154 and 171, and the effect of other polymorphisms (nonsynonymous changes at codon 141 or 241 for instance, on the ARQ backbone in donor sheep) has not been determined. Multiple electrophoretic patterns arising from a single ovine homogenate occur as individual or mixed profiles, even when this variation was not noted in the original ovine sample [38]. In our study, the electrophoretic profiles from all murine samples showed only a fast migrating unglycosylated band corresponding to a reduction of ~1.5 to 2 kDa in apparent molecular mass when compared to the ruminant derived samples. The shift in PK cleavage site was confirmed by marked reduction of reactivity by mAb P4, which recognizes an epitope at ovine residues 93–99. Western blot analysis with antibody SAF84 showed no evidence of a 14 kDa band, ruling out a strain CH1641 pattern [14]. The pattern of prolonged incubation associated with reduced apparent molecular weight product in Western blot is consistent with ARQ isolates characterized by Thackray et al. [34, 36], Beck et al. [38], and Tixador et al. [39]. Our observation was not based on an inherent characteristic of the Tg338 mouse line or our methods, as samples from mice infected with VRQ ovine tissues migrate at ~21 kDa (data not shown).
PET blots, glycoform analysis, and lesion profiles of the Tg338 samples derived from caprine brain inoculation were remarkably consistent. The marked uniformity in survival time following secondary passage and the consistent patterns in PET blot, glycoform analysis and electrophoretic profile suggest that the caprine isolates, derived from separate herds, represent a single strain with characteristics of a predominant US ovine scrapie strain. This finding is not surprising; scrapie appears to have been introduced into the US in sheep and is observed almost exclusively in ARQ homozygous sheep. Subsequent spread to goats is reported only rarely and there may be a limited number of caprine scrapie strains in the population. The US will expand caprine scrapie surveillance over the next 3 years as ovine scrapie nears eradication; as additional samples from goats are identified, monitoring of caprine scrapie strains in the US using biochemical methods and bioassay in Tg338 mice should be useful in identifying any additional strains.
The Tg338 mouse strain expressing the VRQ allele of the ovine PRNP gene is useful in detection and analysis of ovine prions. In this study, this murine strain was found to propagate prions following intracerebral inoculation with brain homogenates from goats with naturally occurring scrapie. The electrophoretic profile and incubation time on secondary passage were similar to those observed by passage of ARQ homozygous sheep. The high attack rate and uniform findings on PET blot, glycoform analysis and lesion profile provide a suitable baseline for examination of caprine samples identified in the expanded US caprine scrapie surveillance program.
Animals and PRNP genotyping
The Washington State University and University of Washington Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees granted approval for the study before it was conducted, under agreements 3811, 3815 and 1640. Breeding pairs of transgenic Tg338 mice were kindly provided by Hubert Laude and held in a breeding colony at the University of Washington. The presence of the transgene was confirmed by DNA analysis of tail snips.
Scrapie infected goats and sheep were diagnosed by antemortem analysis of rectal mucosal associated lymphoid tissue [40] or post mortem analysis of brain and retropharyngeal lymph node for evidence of PrPSc deposits detected by monoclonal antibody immunohistochemistry [41]. Donor tissue was collected from three domestic mixed breed goats (case numbers 3558, 3538, and 30–75) and one reference sheep (case number 3178). The animals were acquired from separate flocks, although 30-75 and 3538 were born at the same facility. Postmortem confirmation was performed at the National Veterinary Services Laboratory, USDA, Ames IA, USA, using immunohistochemistry analysis of brain using monoclonal antibody (mAb) F99/97.6.1.
Diploid PRNP genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction amplification of the open reading frame followed by DNA sequence analysis of both strands using standard methods [12, 42].
Mouse inoculations
Brain tissue from the three goats with naturally acquired scrapie and the reference sheep with classical ovine scrapie were prepared as 10% (w/v) homogenates in normal saline. Relative titer of each homogenate was estimated from serial dilution and endpoint titration using a commercial enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and western blot analysis as described below. Total protein levels varied slightly among the inocula: 2 mg starting wet weight tissue yielded 76 (goat 3538), 71 (goat 3558), 85 (goat 30–75) and 99 (sheep 3178) μg total protein as determined by BCA protein assay. Passage 1 (P1) Tg338 mice were inoculated with 20 μl of 10% (w/v) sheep or goat brain homogenate (2 mg starting wet weight tissue) by the intracerebral route in the right parietal lobe. Serial passage of murine brain (passage 2, P2) was performed using 20 μl of a 10% (w/v) homogenate of brain from clinically affected P1 mice administered by the intracerebral route as above. An additional group of mice was inoculated intraperitoneally with brain homogenate from sheep 3178 using 2 mg starting wet weight tissue in a final volume of 200 μl. Inoculated animals and age matched uninoculated controls were monitored daily for appearance of clinical signs suggestive of scrapie (weight loss, lethargy and kyphosis) and culled at terminal disease. Brain and spleen were collected from mice at necropsy. Samples were fixed in 10% buffered formalin or frozen at–20C for western blot analysis.
Incubation time
Survival time following intracerebral challenge with brain homogenates from goats or sheep (P1) or mouse (P2) was recorded as days post-inoculation (dpi). Recipient animals terminated for reasons other than clinical scrapie disease were considered censored data. The survival function of each scrapie isolate was determined using the Kaplan-Meier product-limit estimation method (LIFETEST procedure, SAS for Windows version 9.2; SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). Median survival times with 95% confidence limits were determined by the log(−log) method.
Relative PrPSclevels in goat and sheep inoculum
Relative amounts of PrPSc in brain homogenates from three goats and one reference sheep with scrapie were determined by serial endpoint dilution followed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot analysis of paired samples. Aliquots of the 10% homogenate of sheep or goat tissue prepared for inoculation were adjusted with 2 volumes of lysis buffer (0.5% deoxycholic acid, 0.5% NP-40, 10 mM Tris–HCl, pH 7.5) using a table top homogenizer (Fastprep, Thermo Electron Co., Waltham, MA, USA). Preliminary assays demonstrated that the use of this lysis buffer did not affect ELISA readings (data not shown) and the initial dilution in lysis buffer provided a homogeneous mixture suitable for aliquoting into paired samples for ELISA and Western blot. Additional serial two fold dilutions were prepared in lysis buffer and assayed in duplicate using a commercially available PrPSc detection kit (ELISA) (HerdCheck Scrapie-BSE Antigen Test, IDEXX Laboratories, Westbrook, ME, USA). Mean absorbance values (A450) were plotted against starting wet weight equivalents of brain. The cutoff value was determined using the internal standard provided in the kit.
Western blot analysis
PrPSc was detected by Western blot assay as described previously [41–43] with minor modifications. Aliquots of the 10% (w/v) brain homogenates from sheep, goats, or mice serially diluted in lysis buffer for ELISA (above) were assayed by Western blot. Homogenates were incubated with proteinase K (PK) at 100 μg/mL final concentration at 37C for 90 min for murine homogenates and 50 μg/mL final concentration at 37C for 60 min for ovine and caprine homogenates. For the endpoint titration of sheep and goat inocula, the starting 10% homogenate in PBS was adjusted with two volumes of lysis buffer and treated with proteinase K (PK) at 50 μg/mL final concentration at 37C for 60 min. Serial two fold dilutions were prepared in lysis buffer, combined with sample loading buffer (NuPage, Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA), and loaded onto 12-well 12% Nu-PAGE Bis-Tris gels (Invitrogen). Starting wet weight equivalents for titration were 750 μg for ovine and caprine tissues. Murine tissues for glycoform analysis were assayed at 300 μg per lane. After electrophoresis, proteins were transferred onto polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA), blocked with commercial casein blocker (Pierce, Rockford, IL, USA) and incubated with primary mAb F99/97.6.1 (3.5 μg/mL; O'Rourke et al., 2000), mAb P4 (0.2 μg/ml, R-BioPharm AG, Marshall, MI, USA) or mAb SAF84 (0.2 μg/ml, Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI, USA) followed by incubation with a peroxidase labeled goat anti-mouse IgG1 secondary Ab (Southern Biotech, Birmingham, AL, USA; 1:5,000, for detection of mAb F99/97.6.1) or a peroxidase labeled F(ab')2 fraction of goat anti-mouse IgG2 (KPL, Gaithersburg, MD, USA, 1:20,000 for detection of mAb P4 and SAF84. Bound antibody was detected by chemiluminescence (Amersham ECL, GE healthcare, Piscataway, NJ, USA). Membranes were exposed to radiographic films (Kodak BioMax Chemiluminescence Films, Rochester, NY) for exposure times of 1–10 min. Digital images of the radiographic films were obtained with an Alpha Innotec image analyzer (Alpha Innotech Corp, San Leandro, CA, USA) and saved in tiff file format. Density of the diglycosylated band was plotted against starting wet weight of tissue to estimate relative endpoints.
Glycoform analysis
Brain tissues of 20 inoculated mice (five from each donor group) were selected for glycoform analysis and tested in three independent western blot assays. For each sample, triplicate aliquots of 50 μl brain homogenate were incubated with PK (100 μg/mL final concentration) at 37C for 90 min. Aliquots equivalent to 300 μg wet brain weight equivalents were loaded into individual lanes of 12-well 12% polyacrylamide gels and analyzed by western blot assay as described above, using mAb F99/97.6.1. Digital images of the radiographic films were obtained with an Alpha Innotec image analyzer and saved in tiff file format. These files were analyzed with AlphaEaseFC software Version 4.0 to identify the relative densities of unglycosylated, monoglycosylated and diglycosylated forms of PrPSc. For each group of mice, mean density of each band was plotted into Tri-plot Excel template. The tri-plot excel template was downloaded from http://www.lboro.ac.uk/research/phys-geog/tri-plot[44].
Formalin fixed brains were processed routinely and sectioned at 5 μm for hematoxylin and eosin staining. Tissues were analyzed for vacuolation profile using standard methods as described [15]. Lesion severity was quantitated as described [45]. Briefly, scores were assigned on a scale of 0 to 5 for specific neuroanatomic areas based on the intensity of the vacuolation. Regions scored were G1, dorsal medulla nuclei; G2, cerebellar cortex of the folia including the granular layer, adjacent to the fourth ventricle; G3, cortex of the superior colliculus; G4, hypothalamus; G5, thalamus; G6, hippocampus; G7, septal nuclei of the paraterminal body; G8, cerebral cortex (at the level of G4 and G5); and G9, cerebral cortex (at the level of G7). In addition, three white matter areas were scored; W1, cerebellar white matter, W2, tegmentum, and W3, pyramidal tract. Regions were assigned 0 if vacuolation was similar to that observed in negative control mice; 1 for regions with a few unevenly scattered vacuoles, 2 for regions with a few evenly scattered vacuoles, 3 for regions with a moderate number of evenly scattered vacuoles, 4 for regions with many vacuoles, including some confluence, and 5 for regions with dense vacuolation with most of the field confluent. This evaluation was done by examination of the entire region on 20X.
PET blots
Regional distribution and intensity of PrPSc labeling in P2 Tg338 mouse brains were evaluated in paraffin embedded tissue blots. The brain sections were dissected at the levels of frontal cortex (level 1), hypothalamus (level 2), hippocampus (level 3) and cerebellum-medulla (level 4) and probed with mAb F99/97.6.1 as described [46–48], with minor modifications [49]. Eight P2 scrapie inoculated Tg338 mice, including 2 from each inoculum group and 2 age-matched uninoculated negative control mice, were evaluated as described [48].
The USDA Agricultural Research Service provided financial support for this study under CRIS 5348-32000-026-00D. We thank L. Fuller, D. Chandler and K. Ross for care of the animals. L. Hamburg provided management of the Tg338 colony and performed the inoculations and necropsies. D. Lesiak provided PRNP genotyping. We thank S. Madsen-Bouterse and A. L. Brassfield for review of the manuscript. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture.
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- Schulz-Schaeffer WJ, Tschoke S, Kranefuss N, Drose W, Hause-Reitner D, Giese A, Groschup MH, Kretzschmar HA: The paraffin-embedded tissue blot detects PrPSC early in the incubation time in prion diseases. Am J Pathol. 2000, 156: 51-56. 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)64705-0.PubMed CentralView ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


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text:
Artemis is not the young man he once was. His mind is playing tricks on him and he has developed obsessive compulsions and extreme paranoia. He trusts no one and believes that death is coming for him.
Artemis has what is dubbed by the fairies as The Atlantis Complex. When Artemis and his friends are attacked by an unknown enemy, Artemis progresses into the next stage of the illness, where he develops Dissociative Identity Disorder.
Artemis is now trapped in his mind, right when his friends need him the most. In his place is Orion, a boy who cannot distinguish fantasy from reality…and who is utterly in love with Captain Holly Short.
I finished listening to this audio book in the very early hours of the 15th of November, when I was all packed and ready to leave Yorkshire. Since then, I have listened to the first four of the Artemis Fowl audio books again, with my Mum.
I loved The Atlantis Complex. It was quite a change of pace from the other books. Artemis is no longer his controlled self – to the extent he has lost faith in his most loyal friend, Butler.
For the first time since Artemis Fowl, Foaly was on site instead of just safely working all the technical angles. Only this time, he was more involved in the action than ever before. It was an interesting change.
Orion's part in the whole novel was hilarious. While I love Artemis, I did wish there had been more of Orion in the story. He is so delusional and extravagant and his attempts to woo Holly were hilarious. There are a lot of jokes at Artemis' expense in this installment.
What I found the most interesting was that this was the first novel in the series with a sympathetic antagonist. Excluding the first novel, of course, where Artemis himself was Holly's antagonist. After all, I always say that an antagonist is someone whose goals are in opposition to the protagonist's, not someone who is necessarily evil.
While the antagonist of The Atlantis Complex is cunning and ruthless and unsympathetic to those around him, the romantic drive within him and his back story was touching. I found it very emotional and quite satisfactory to read.
I have recently bought and read (yes, I read it myself) The Artemis Fowl Files which includes the short story LEPrecon and features a significant event and characters referred to in The Atlantis Complex.
I loved listening to the audio book of this novel and I cannot wait to listen to it again. The series is so addictive! I cannot believe that I have to wait more than half a year until the next novel comes out. The final novel, that is. Only one more Artemis book left: The Last Guardian.
In the meantime, I shall have to seek out some more of Eoin Colfer's novels.
Make sure you check out the song 'Complex: Atlantis', inspired by the seventh installment of the Artemis Fowl series. I love it!


text:
'So you're actually working as a property manager in a real estate agency already – that's great!' said the course instructor to the trainee. 'Perhaps you can tell the rest of the class something about how it is in the real world. Like, how do you choose a tenant for a rental property?'
'OK, it's like this,' said the trainee, warming instantly to her role. 'Rule number one in our office is: never rent to single mothers. More trouble than they're worth. Every dickhead in town with a V8 comes sniffing around, doing donuts and burnouts on the front lawn and in the street and chucking beer bottles everywhere. And there's the loud music and the parties and it completely screws up the whole block – '
'Ah OK OK, we might leave it there, thanks for that', said in the instructor. 'Let's break for tea.'
This anecdote comes from one of the other trainees at the session in question – a single mother herself, and now a tenants advocate at a Tenants Advice and Advocacy Service. To be fair, the course instructor was appalled at the property manager's prejudice, and the session happened about 10 years ago. But that's not exactly the dark ages either.
And discrimination in the rental housing system is something that tenants continue to face today: the Aboriginal person who just keeps getting their tenancy applications knocked back; the person with depression who is told that they'll have to get rid of the pet they rely on to get through their bleakest moments; the person with a brain injury who gets a termination notice, ostensibly because the landlord wants to renovate the whole block – but is happy to let all the other tenants move out under their own speed.
For some years now, we've had anti-discrimination legislation, both at State and Federal levels. It has provided redress, and helped prevent discrimination, but it still plainly has a lot of work to do and may be made to work better. The Federal legislation, in particular, is complex: it comprises five Acts, enacted over a period of thirty years, in very different styles of language, with different thresholds, exemptions and exceptions, and gaps in coverage.
Last year the Federal Government drafted a Human Rights and Anti-Discrimination Bill, to consolidate the federal legislation, make the provisions consistent, cover the gaps and improve its workability. It's an appropriate and sensible measure of law reform and, as the sitting days of the current Parliament grow short, it's time the Government delivered on its commitment.
Monday, March 18, 2013
Reform anti-discrimination law
Posted by Chris at 12:09 PM
Labels: Discrimination, Federal Government, Law reform
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|Source Here
***Being in Love is surely a blessing only if both the partners are in unison, if one happens to leave the other…the life of the one left behind becomes a curse***
Gone is the soul I love so dear
Gone is the voice I long to hear
Gone is the face I want to see
Gone all the things that belonged to me
Too far away from sight or speech
Too far away for me to reach
But never too far for thoughts to flow
Neither for the dreams to permeate through
Flower was she of the heart of mine
Blossomed with love – so pure so divine
Redolent her fragrance musky with myrrh
Her grace so immaculate stupendous her nature
Filled me with pride the sight of hers
Exultant was I on the evening of Thurs
Lost & intoxicated, I went on rambling
Smitten with her love singing and dancing
The environ too played jolly with me
Uncovering my secrets as it had to be
Full of mirth I bonded with nature
Little nothings of life, my ultimate rapture
Then came the news of great disaster
Leaving me trembling over and after
After and after, over and after
Then came the news of great disaster
How to start from where to begin
Wounded my heart the words stay bitten
Vacant remained the soul yearning for desire
My dreams still unfulfilled burning in fire
Someone swept her heart away
I could hardly believe this anyway
Dashing all dreams breaking the hope that bind
There stood she with the glance that turned blind
Mute we stood searching for our selves
Amidst those silent sighs where once we both dwelt
Spaces between us grew loud and louder
Our each approaching step took us farther
"Why did you turn away", I said
"After falling in love why you fled"
Abrupt she rose and left the place
Difficult for me to run and chase
"Please don't go . . . Please don't leave"
"There's no life of mine without your being"
Screamed my voices at the peak of the lungs
Still none reached thee only silence thrummed
The moon shone bright in the starless sky
Our shadows diverged never to unite
Frozen I stood unable to move
Searching for the voice to call the truce
With dying sound of her departing steps
My breath too followed her treacherousness
The final calling came too soon
My cadaver fell like an autumn frond
Motionless my body still remain waiting
Discontent my soul still lay yearning
The last teardrop lay glued to the lids
Holding her departing image they still remain separated
"Just come to this juncture once, where you left"
"Grant me the solace for which I bereft"
"Let those eyelids stay in unison"
"With that last teardrop lend me the absolution!!"
~ Shubh Life . . . OM Sai Ram
© 2016 Manish Purohit (Reserved)
Linking back to TWW


text:
JDX Direct-Drive
The JDX Direct-Drive is a unique and powerful device that emulates the sound of a guitar amplifier while doubling as a direct box.
The Radial JDX 48 Reactor is a direct box designed to capture the explosive dynamics and warmth of an electric guitar amplifier by connecting between the guitar amp head and speaker cabinet.
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The Headload is a combination load box and attenuator that is capable of handling up to 130 watts RMS of continuous power and peaks of 180 watts.
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text:
Sherwood's volume represents a postmodern approach to Jonah that draws heavily on the history of interpretation of the book. The first section concerns interpretations in "the Mainstream scholarly and Christian tradition from the first to the twentieth century"; the second section ("Backwaters and underbellies") alternative readings, including "medieval poetry, Netherlandish art, and Jewish interpretation"; the third section advances her own " 'new' interpretation" (p. 2). From the title and the organization of the work it seems that Sherwood understands her greatest contribution to derive from her extensive reading in the history of interpretation of Jonah. In fact, her " 'new' interpretation" comprises only about 40 pages of the volume (pp. 239–80).
Although the volume has a wealth of information about the history of interpretation, Sherwood's organization of this material is problematic. Her section concerning the "Mainstream" encompasses diverse readings, including Augustine, Luther, and contemporary biblical scholars. This unfortunately leads to broad generalizations about "Old Testament scholarship" that are clearly unfair and/or outdated. For example, she writes, "a common story told in Biblical Studies circles is the story of the Old Testament's gradual theological progress from primitive religion, embarrassing anthropomorphisms, and polytheistic slips towards ethical monotheism and universalism" (p. 55). Although this statement may have some validity when talking about earlier biblical scholars such as Wellhausen and Albright, such a characterization of the current state of biblical studies cannot be supported. Furthermore, her exclusion of Jewish scholars from her "Mainstream" category is also problematic, for many of today's "Mainstream" scholars (she includes, for example, Jack Sasson) have more in common with contemporary Jewish scholars (for example, Baruch Halpern, who in fact Sherwood discusses in her "Mainstream" section [p. 71]) than with John Calvin. Ironically, the correctives that she prescribes to overcome these supposed shortcomings have already gained a following within the guild. For example, two of her major points—(1) taking seriously the history of interpretation and (2) her argument "for Jewish Studies to become part of Biblical Studies, as Christian Studies always (implicitly) has been" (pp. 92–93)—are given voice in the annual meetings of the Society of Biblical Literature. Of course, one may debate how pervasive and influential these positions are in the discipline, but Sherwood generally ignores that these positions are now a part of the "Mainstream."
Because of these shortcomings, I suspect that many others will find her generalizations as hindrances to her message, rather than provocative statements causing her readers to rethink their positions. Some of her generalizations are especially problematic:
The Mainstream absorbs social anxieties (about social discipline, a retrogressive Old Testament, a troubling Jewish Father, a Bible superseded by science) then processes and answers them and gives back to society a coherent solution: all dissidents purged, a rational Bible, the inferior and demoted Jew, a scientifically plausible, naturalized text (p. 187).
I find this rhetoric especially odd, since her very audience appears to be primarily those of us who she identifies as "Mainstream."
When she is preparing her readers for her own interpretation, Sherwood appears to understand the problems that her earlier rhetoric may have created. First, she acknowledges that "a new generation of Mainstream readers … are effectively revitalizing (albeit not self-consciously) the themes and questions of the rabbis, Abravanel, Melville, and the Gawain-poet" (p. 226). She then refers to a long list of contemporary scholars on Jonah, including Alan Cooper, Kenneth Craig, H. Gese, Abraham Cohen and C. A. Keller, Serge Frolov, Walter Crouch, Baruch Halpern and Richard Friedman, Thomas Thompson, Thomas Bolin, John Miles, Arnold Band, John Dominic Crossan, Etan Levine, Andrè and Pierre-Emmanuel Lacoque, and Phyllis Trible (pp. 226–30). Second, she explicitly moderates her bipolar categorization:
At this point something of a confession is in order: if, by concentrating on certain limiting Mainstream readings I have so far tended to depict 'them' (the scholars, the biblical commentators) as bumbling stooges, rather like the unimaginative police officers who act as a foil for the maverick detective—genius in 1970s cop shows, if the emergent subtext of this book is that the professional paid readers have served the text poorly, and that the truly subtle readers are the unpaid, the unprofessionals, this is crassly cartoonist and polemically skewed. The truth is that the Mainstream is already mutinying against itself, and edging towards Jewish/Popular readings-so much so that having set myself up for a superhuman vault across the abyss between Backwaters and Mainstream, I find myself in the less heroic role of reinforcing the fragile rope-bridge already slung between the two. (p. 234)
It would have been much more helpful to state this "truth" much earlier in the volume and to find some other way of organizing her discussion of the history of interpretation so as not to give such a "crassly cartoonist and polemically skewed" view.
Sherwood's moderation of her rhetoric prepares her readers for her " 'new' interpretation," which clearly draws heavily from the "new generation of Mainstream readers." In fact, those who are familiar with recent secondary literature on Jonah, especially readings of Jonah as satire, will find much of her interpretation familiar. Her most interesting and provocative contribution comes in her conclusion, in which she argues that, despite (or even because of) its satirical tone, Jonah conforms to the characteristics of a traditional story and is, therefore, a "quintessential story and typical biblical text" (p. 280). However, I am uncertain how many of her readers will be willing to wade through her review of the history of interpretation with its organizational and rhetorical problems, in order to find her interpretation of Jonah and her comments on its significance within the canon.


text:
A New Hampshire Fish and Game Officer says inexperience was the main contributing factor to a snowmobile crash in Pittsburg Thursday afternoon that severely injured a 19-year-old man from Moultonborough.
Conservation Officer Eric Fluette says Tyler DeMond was riding as a passenger on a snowmobile being operated by 19-year-old Taylor Smith of Meredith on Primary Trail 142 when Smith failed to make a rising left hand turn and his machine's right ski went off the trail, throwing him and DeMond off.
Smith was not hurt but DeMond hit a tree, sustaining severe but not life threatening injuries. Both men were wearing helmets.
Colebrook Dispatch took a call about the crash shortly after 3:15 p.m. and Fluette and Conservation Officer Glen Lucas responded along with 45th Parallel EMS and Pittsburg Fire and Rescue.
DeMond was taken to Upper Connecticut Valley Hospital in Colebrook for treatment.


text:
Wilson, P (2009) The Bann Estuary Railway. The Bann Disc, 15 . pp. 91-92. [Journal article]
Full text not available from this repository.
|Item Type:
|Journal article
|Faculties and Schools:
|Faculty of Life and Health Sciences
Faculty of Life and Health Sciences > School of Geography and Environmental Sciences
|Research Institutes and Groups:
|Environmental Sciences Research Institute
Environmental Sciences Research Institute > Quaternary Environmental Change
|ID Code:
|Deposited By:
|Dr Peter Wilson
|Deposited On:
|15 Jun 2010 10:38
|Last Modified:
|28 Mar 2012 15:22
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text:
Fuel Oil Day Tanks
The Model DT Day Tanks provide a local supply of distillate or diesel fuel for boilers, emergency generators or other stationary engine driven or oil fired equipment.
For mission critical applications such as emergency diesel generators and dual-fuel boilers, it is recommended that at least four hours worth of fuel is immediately available to the unit without activating transfer pumps.
The Model DT Day Tanks provide a local supply of distillate or diesel fuel for boilers, emergency generators or other stationary engine driven or oil fired equipment. Available from 20 to 620 gallon capacities, a properly sized tank may be selected per individual job. For maximum fuel capacity in a minimum space, Preferred Day Tanks are rectangular in shape. Each Day Tank unit includes all necessary pipe connections, inspection port, manual fill port, and tank gauge, along with a variety of optional accessories.
- Includes Rupture Basin And Instrumentation
- 20 To 620 gallon Capacity Range
- UL Approved, NFPA 30 Compliant
Tank Designs
Mounting Base: Structural Steel Channel
Metal Thickness: 10 Gauge
Exterior Finish: Chemical Resistant Gray Enamel, Rust Resistant Primer
Manual Fill Port: 2″ NPT
Inspection Port: 6″ Square Gasketed Plate
1″ NPT Pipe Connections: Tank Fill, Engine Fuel Return, Overflow to Storage Tank, Engine Fuel Supply, Plugged Drain
Vent Connections: Top Mounted; 2″ – 20-60 Gallon, 3″ – 80-190 Gallons, 4″ – 220 Gallons And Over
Approvals / Compliance: UL Approved, NFPA 30 compliant
Optional Rupture Basin Specifications
Mounting Base: Structural Steel Channel
Containment: 160% Of Tank Capacity Standard
Leak Detector: Preferred RBS Float Switch
Metal Thickness: Same As Companion Tank
Turned Edge Reinforcement
Finish: Chemical Resistant Gray Enamel Finish, Rust Resistant Primer.
Drain: Plugged 1″ NPT Coupling
Approvals / Compliance: UL Approved
Day Tank System Construction: Provide one (1) ___ gallon, UL 142 labeled Day Tank constructed of reinforced 10 gauge steel with channel side supports, 1″ drain, removable gasketed 6″ square inspection plate, fuel level gauge, level control probe, vent cap (shipped loose), and a 2″ gasketed manual fill cap. Exterior shall be finished in an oil resistant textured gray enamel. Day Tank(s) shall be as supplied and coordinated by the Pump Set manufacturer. The Fuel Oil Day Tank shall be manufactured by Preferred Utilities Mfg. Corp. Danbury, CT, Model DT.
Tank Connections: Tank connections shall include fuel inlet, required vent openings, manual fill, overflow to main tank, engine supply, and engine return. All piped with reinforced, welded pipe adapters. Fuel fill, inlet and return must be supplied with factory installed drop tubes to prevent surging and foaming in the day tank.
Rupture Basin: Rupture Basin (indoor applications only): The Rupture Basin shall consist of an open-top, welded heavy gauge steal structure sized a minimum of 160% capacity of tank capacity. Rupture Basin (outdoor applications): The Rupture Basin shall consist of a welded steel top, welded heavy gauge steal structure sized a minimum of 160% capacity of tank capacity. Exterior shall be finished in an oil resistant, textured gray enamel. Provide and factory install a rupture basin leak detector for alarming and fuel supply pump shut down. Electrical connections shall be contained in a weatherproof junction box. Switch shall be a Preferred Model RBS.
Level Controls: Level Controls shall have four (4) float operated switches rated at 100 watts and factory installed in the day tank. Levels of control: emergency high-level alarm and total pump shutdown (90% capacity), pump off (80% capacity), pump on (50% capacity), and emergency low-level secondary pump on and annunciation (40% capacity). Unit shall be suitable for pressures to 150 psi, and shall be made entirely of non-ferrous material. Electrical connections shall be contained in a weatherproof junction box. Level Control shall be Preferred Model PLS-xx-4.
Factory Testing: Fuel oil storage tank and day tank hydrostatic testing is required to ensure tightness prior to shipment. The minimum pressure for testing the tank shall be five (5) psi. The hydrostatic pressure shall be maintained until all joints and connections have been visually inspected for leaks, but in no case for less than one-half hour. The tank shall not show any permanent deformation as a result of the test. The Rupture basin (open top) shall be hydrostatic tested prior to shipment. The basin shall maintain a full water level while all joints and connections are visually inspected for leaks. The test shall be run for no less than one-half hour. A copy of the test procedures shall be sent to the consulting engineer and owner. The owners and or the consulting engineer, at their discretion, shall observe this and all other tests.


text:
How vital is the United States Postal Service? The Senate is attempting to answer that this week as it debates the service's obvious need to drastically reform its business model in the age of electronic communication. Postal officials say they must close about 3,700 underused post offices (there are 32,000 nationally) while offering alternative services through local businesses. They also want to consolidate hundreds of regional processing centers and eliminate Saturday mail deliveries.
Lawmakers in both houses, fearful of constituents' wrath, would prefer to procrastinate as usual. But the quasi-independent service — which receives no revenue from the federal government but is subject to tight oversight from Congress — has set a May 15 deadline to begin making cutbacks if it is to avoid bankruptcy.
The Senate measure would allow the service to recoup $11 billion in estimated overpayments to federal retirement accounts and use some of the money for buyouts and health care to reduce its 653,000-member work force by 100,000. But the bill timorously aims at part-time "downsizing," not closing, lightly used post offices. It postpones for at least two years ending Saturday deliveries — despite a $3 billion-a-year savings and polls showing most citizens would not mind. Even then, a score of amendments will be offered to accommodate lawmakers' concerns — and oratory — about rural post offices, mail-order businesses and other issues.
The rival House measure, not yet debated, would approve no deliveries on Saturday but hand off political heat by creating an independent commission for a two-year study of post office closures.
Problems are more urgent than that. Bread-and-butter revenue from first-class mail has been evaporating as most bills are now paid on the Internet. Annual losses in excess of $5 billion could rise to more than $20 billion a year by 2016 unless the service is permitted to modernize.
Between the two houses, there are enough elements for a creative consensus, providing courage trumps procrastination. The Postal Service deserves the flexibility of a modern business. As May 15 approaches, the last thing the nation needs is another patented Congressional crisis over something as vital as mail delivery.Continue reading the main story


text:
Cambridge, OH is a small town of 13,000 residents. Tim Wheatley, Superintendent of the Water Pollution Control Center operates a 3 MGD activated sludge plant at about 80% of its capacity. The plant recently switched from anaerobic digesters to an aerobic digester. They had been dewatering Iheir sludge on four vacuum assisted drying beds housed in a large shed. Alternatively, the sludge was hauled to the local landfill where it was mixed with sawdust to pass the paint filter test before being placed in the landfill.
The Cambridge WWTP sends 15,000 - 20,000 gallons of raw sludge and another 15,000 gallons of WAS to the digesters each day. In late 2003, they were preparing to clean out their two anaerobic digesters to make improvements. However, they didn't have enough storage for all the sludge being generated. The vacuum assisted drying beds aren't used through the coldest winter months, because it is nearly impossible to get the frozen sludge off the beds. Too many solids were building up in the plant and an alternative method for containment and dewatering was sought.
Assistant Plant Operator, Paul Fields evaluated the options available to him with emphasis on the coldest winter months and storage being the greater issue.
Option 1: Use existing vacuum-assisted drying beds and store as much as possible on site. The problem with this option is that it results in poor operation of the plant when they cannot remove enough solids.
Option 2: Liquid haul to the landfill where the sludge is dewatered. This option costs about the same as land application, but when the ground is frozen during the coldest months of winter, land application isn't an option.
Option 3: Contain and dewater sludge using Geotube' containers.
The Cambridge WWTP determined that Geotube Containment and Dewatering Technology would provide the most cost effective and efficient method to handle the high volume of sludge in the shortest amount of time.
The first 60'circumference Geotube' container was deployed in an area adjacent to the drying bed shed in late December of 2003. 312,000 gallons of heavy sludge at between 4% and 6% solids was chemically conditioned and pumped into the Geotube' container. In May, forty-five days after the last fill cycle, the fabric tube was cut open and solids removed. Cake solids at the time of removal were about 20% and easily handled with a front-end loader. The dewatered sludge was then taken to a nearby landfill.
In the meantime, three additional Geotube' containers were put into service in the drying shed: one 60' circumference x 60' long and two 30' circumference x 60' long. The 30' cir-cumference tubes were placed on the drying beds and allowed to dewater without vacuum assistance.
Upon completion of the digesters cleanout, Fields began pumping sludge into the Geotube containers from the aerobic digester, which had recently been brought on line. This sludge at 2.5% lo 3% TS, dewaiered even better than the heavier anaerobically digested sludge.


text: On Mon, 16 May 2005 18:25:10 +0200, Fabrice DELENTE wrote: > When I switched to another virtual console, to kill wine, the sound resumed > normally! No more chooping and looping. So I came back to X, but at once the > problem restarted. Sounds like your system can't always keep up with the 3D rendering CPU load, were there some GFX detail settings that only take effect on restart? thanks -mike


text:
"Well done is better than well said."
-Benjamin Franklin
"What we do now echoes in eternity."
-Marcus Aurelius
"If you want to stand out from the crowd, give people a reason not to forget you."
-Richard Branson
"Always do more than is required of you."
-General George S. Patton
"Justice consists . . . [of] finding out the right and upholding it, wherever found, against the wrong."
-Theodore Roosevelt
"Strength . . . . comes from an indomitable will."
-Mahatma Gandhi
"You can't go back and change the beginning, but you can start where you are and change the ending."
-C.S. Lewis
SCHOEPPL LAW, P.A., based in Boca Raton, Florida, is a boutique securities enforcement and business litigation firm with a national federal trial and appellate practice which focuses on regulatory enforcement in SEC, FINRA, DOJ, CFTC, FTC, Florida DBPR, and other SRO matters, complex federal and state court commercial litigation on behalf of both plaintiffs and defendants, high stakes litigation and arbitration matters on behalf of investors in selected cases, broker-dealer and investment adviser defense, and white collar criminal defense arising out of securities enforcement matters. The Firm is led by a former senior federal prosecutor with the SEC with over 100 reported decisions and is comprised of seasoned litigators who graduated from, among other schools, Harvard Law School, Stanford Law School, Emory University School of Law, and Suffolk University Law School.
Read more
Prosecutorial Experience Receivership Experience Trial Court Experience Appellate Court Experience
■$33 million SEC savings and loan fraud case
■ Appointed Receiver by federal district court upon the recommendation of the SEC in a $48 million SEC securities fraud case
■Obtained dismissal of federal civil RICO claims arising out of an alleged $200 million penny stock scheme
■Represented Republic of Ecuador in an appeal before the Eleventh Circuit involving the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act
■$27 million SEC Ponzi scheme case involving 150 investors
■ Appointed Receiver by federal district court upon the recommendation of the SEC in a $3.5 million SEC Ponzi scheme case
■Represented an intervenor in an SEC enforcement action in New York and prevailed on significant issue against the SEC and secured an award of attorney's fees and costs under the Equal Access to Justice Act (EAJA) in a judgment against the SEC
■Represented a death row inmate in an appeal before the Florida Supreme Court
■$31 million SEC asset overstatement case involving a fraudulent mortgage on a French vineyard
■ Appointed Receiver by federal district court upon the recommendation of the FTC in a $4.2 million FTC business opportunities fraud case
■Represented public company in an SEC enforcement action in Florida that established that it is appropriate to set off losses against profits earned in computing the amount of disgorgement and resulted in no disgorgement being awarded against the client
■Represented a $400 million hedge fund in an appeal before the Eleventh Circuit
■FBI Award for assistance in federal criminal prosecution resulting in one of the stiffest sentences ever imposed upon a white-collar defendant in South Florida
■ Appointed Receiver by federal district court upon the recommendation of the FTC in a $3 million FTC nationwide franchise fraud case
■Defended business owner in federal criminal prosecution facing life imprisonment for allegedly retrofitting motor yachts with secret compartments used to smuggle 1000 + kilos of cocaine and secured acquittal after a lengthy jury trial
■Represented a client in an appeal before the Eleventh Circuit in an SEC case that changed the law of insider trading
■Commendation from Securities Board of the Netherlands for assistance in the first criminal prosecution under new securities legislation enacted in the Netherlands
■Represented Receiver who was the former United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York in recovering millions of dollars in fraudulent transfer cases arising out of $59 million SEC and CFTC Ponzi scheme case
■Obtained dismissal of federal private securities litigation case on behalf of a broker-dealer under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act ("PSLRA") and secured an award of attorney's fees and costs under the PSLRA and the district court's inherent authority in a judgment against the Plaintiffs
■Represented the former president of a major telecommunications company in an appeal before the Eleventh Circuit in a case against a bank that confirmed that a bank owes of duty of care to a noncustomer
Schoeppl Law, P.A.
4651 North Federal Highway
Boca Raton, Florida 33431


text:
When it comes to rocking fresh styles, Kourtney seems to be the most tuned in out of all the Kardashian sisters. She proved this point once again while toasting beau Scott Disick during his birthday bash in Las Vegas May 26, wearing a chic blue and black ensemble and coordinating eye makeup.
The gorgeous mother of two looked ready to get her groove on thanks to her fun and totally fabulous makeup. Kourtney certainly kicked it up a notch with her blue and black peepers. To achieve a similar style you'll need: deep blue metallic eyeliner or eyeshadow, black eyeliner and a charcoal shadow.
Start the transformation on your top lids by swiping on the charcoal hue up to the crease lines and then rimming the lids in black liner, pushing it out past your brow lines for major drama. Next, use a blending brush to mix the liner with the shadow. From here, enhance your bottom lids by sweeping on the blue liner from your inner to outer corners, having the color meet with the black hue past the brow lines. Feel free to spread the blue shade on a bit thicker if you're feeling really daring.
Since the eyes are meant to be the focus, follow Kourtney's look and keep the rest of your makeup minimal. A touch of sun-kissed blush on your cheeks and a nude, light pink or peach gloss on your pout should be perfect.


text:
At O'C&L, we are a client-oriented group that strives to translate our knowledge, experience and resources into long lasting solutions. We set the industry standards of excellence in construction consulting, project & program management, litigation support, and engineering & surveying services.
Our goal is to provide our clients with the highest quality services to meet their individual requirements.
O'C&L is committed to providing clients with the technical expertise of a large firm combined with the attention to client service of a small firm. This dedication to quality, coupled with open and honest communications with our clients, has produced an extensive roster of repeat clients for the firm and is the cornerstone of our professional values.


text:
Lumpkin, Charles Keith (aka Keith Charles)
Born in Long Beach, California on March 19, 1925, passed away on July 30, 2011 in Newport Beach, California.
Served in the U.S. Navy in World War II. Graduated from Claremont McKenna College.
Chairman of Horton & Converse Pharmacies for over 36 years.
Married for nearly 59 years to Lillian. His family also includes son, Keith and his wife, Leonie; grandson, Nicholas and his wife, Micaela; grandson, Charles and his wife, Katie; granddaughter, Tilly; and great granddaughter, Emma.
Graveside services will be held at 11 AM, Wednesday, August 3 at Pacific View Memorial Park.


text:
Typical Java backend applications need to integrate with existing 3rd party services. In most cases, calls to these 3rd party services are authenticated. Frequently, Java applications are required to use login credentials for authenticated calls: A username and a password.
This scenario raises a problem: How can we store the password needed for calling the 3rd party service? We could store it in a properties file, but then everyone with access to the properties file learns the password. We could provide the password as a command line parameter or environment variable, but then everyone with access to the startup script learns the password. We could hard-code it in our application, but then everyone with access to the JAR file learns the password. We could encrypt the password using a master key, but then we have the same problem again: How to store the master key?
The common solution is to use a secure data store provided by the operating system. Our application runs on Windows Server, so we use the Windows Data Protection API (DPAPI) for protecting our secret passwords. This blog post shows how to use the DPAPI in Java applications.
|Fabian Stäber
|java, security


text:
FREE STANDARD SHIPPING ON QUALIFYING ORDERS OVER $81.00 - Offer valid 12:00AM (EST) 01/01/19 through 11:59PM (EST) 06/30/2019. Tax and shipping not include in qualifying amount. Offer valid at kitterytradingpost.com and ktp.com. Offer is for standard ground shipping only to United States excluding Alaska and Hawaii. Offer valid on Alpine Skis, all other additional/oversized freight charges still apply. Offer not valid on firearm purchases. Offer not valid on retail store purchases, previous purchases or special orders. Offer limited to stock on hand, and is not redeemable for cash. KTP reserves the right to exclude certain products from this promotion. Offer subject to change without notice.
NEMO Men's Forte 20ºF Spoon-Shaped Sleeping Bag
Product Info Item# 100000473
Seventy percent of people sleep on their side, but mummy bags are not designed to accommodate this. With a unique Spoon™ shape, adding room at the elbows and knees, the Forte™ is a three-season synthetic men's backpacking bag that is designed for side sleepers, and allows you to shift positions throughout the night.
Forte has some of NEMO's® most popular features including Thermo Gills™ that help regulate temperature during the night and Blanket Fold™ which provides tucked-in comfort. With an included cinch sack, the Viola packs down nice and tight for all your adventures. Zip together with the women's Viola™ for a double bag.
- Spoon shape adds room at elbows and knees
- Thermo Gills allow you to vent body heat without letting cold drafts in
- Blanket Fold external draft collar provides tucked-in comfort and temperature regulation
- Premium synthetic Stratofiber™ insulation, offering best blend of warmth, moisture resistance and packed volume
- Integrated pillow pocket allows jacket, extra clothes, or Fillo™ to be stuffed into sleeve opening for handy pillow-on-the-go
- Left side, full-length double slider #5 YKK® zipper with snag guard built into the draft tube
- Zips together with Viola sleeping bag
- Compression stuff sack and mesh storage bag included
- Color: Tempst / Storm
- Shell fabric: 40D nylon ripstop with DWR
- Lining fabric: 30D nylon taffeta with DWR
- Suggested use: Backpacking
- Fits up to: 6' 0"
- Overall length: 78"
- Shoulder girth: 64"
- Hip girth: 60"
- Knee girth: 64"
- Fill weight: 1 lb. 14 oz.
- Compressed volume: 9.3
- Packed dimensions: 11.8" x 8.7"
- Fits up to: 6' 6"
- Overall length: 84"
- Shoulder girth: 66"
- Hip girth: 62"
- Knee girth: 66"
- Fill weight: 2 lbs. 1 oz.
- Compressed volume: 10
- Packed dimensions: 13" x 9.1"
More About NEMO
The first AirSupported® prototypes were completed in 2003, and NEMO debuted its first generation of AST® and Extreme Conditions poled tents at the Summer Market Outdoor Retailer show in Salt Lake City, Utah in August of 2004. The tents instantly captured the attention of the industry. NEMO was published in the "Best of Show" section of the OR Daily publication. Team NIKE / Balance Bar asked NEMO to co-develop a tent for adventure racing. And officials from the ISPO BrandNew Award committee invited NEMO to submit for the winter of 2005.
In 2005, NEMO received the ISPO BrandNew Award, an award which recognizes the most innovative products in the outdoor industry from around the world. This important honor brought worldwide recognition to NEMO and marked the beginning of a very long series of awards, honors, and media attention.
Over the years, the company has worked to assemble a top-notch team of designers and engineers, create a well-equipped lab for tent development, and build relationships with the best textile and component companies in the industry. NEMO has also pushed green thinking and sustainability to the top of the priority list and created the G.R.N.® (Green Rethinking by NEMO) program.
As NEMO's product line expands beyond tents, it continues to thrive as a young company, committed to making the most innovative and high quality equipment for outdoor adventure and survival and committed to protecting the people and places that make adventure possible.
|Average weight
|Comfort rating
9149 - RegularMore Info
Product Details
NEMO Men's Forte 20ºF Spoon-Shaped Sleeping Bag
|3 lbs. 1 oz.
|Synthetic Stratofiber
|20ºF / -7ºC
9170 - LongMore Info
Product Details
NEMO Men's Forte 20ºF Spoon-Shaped Sleeping Bag
|3 lbs. 5 oz.
|Synthetic Stratofiber
|20ºF / -7ºC


text:
Feature requests for 1.9 / 1.10
ozoratsubasa Moderator last edited by
Delele multiple tab stacking groups
When I click on some tab stacking groups (plus some single tabs) and I click to close them is deleted all selected tabs but from groups is deleted just the last one of the group was seleted not the all tabs of the group. I would like this were fixed
Did you check with Google Chrome Beta (relative same version)?
On recent v:59, Chromium upstream block/tweaks many GPU again.
Shortcut to turn off hadware accel from start?
vivaldi --disable-gpu?
acicovic last edited by
@pycur The fact that it is standalone does not make it portable unfortunately... copying Vivaldi standalone to another system removes all extensions and passwords (due to how Chromium works).
uzma last edited by
please add dragable web panel
see the details here : https://forum.vivaldi.net/post/124163
afshin.pir last edited by
Hi guys
I wonder if it is possible to have a better tab stacking snapshot view. when I bring my cursor on a stacked tab, I see all tabs square thumbnails side by side. But the problem is that if I have too many tabs stacked together (for example 30), This view is really cannot be used. They fill up the whole screen and you cannot even see all tabs. I don't know if there is any other view for stacked tabs or not, but if not, I think this view needs a redesign.
jumpsq last edited by
@afshin.pir I agree, they should be expandable (as well as usable in a tree view in windows panel)
Pesala last edited by
@afshin.pir said in Feature requests for 1.9 / 1.10:
I have too many tabs stacked together (for example 30),
Yes. That is the problem. Twenty is fine, if you need thirty then you really need two stacks.
Devoting development resources to making such exceptional cases workable is wasteful IMO. Tree style tabs won't help much either if users open 30 tabs in a stack.
Speed Dial is a similar case. It stops being useful if one has more slots than will fit in one window. Sure, the thumbnails could be made smaller, but then one has to hunt and peck to find the right one, which defeats the purpose of Speed Dial. It is better to create a new Speed Dial folder than to try to squeeze too many tiny thumbnails into a single screen.
jumpsq last edited by
Proxy settings for each web site.
You actually use proxy like that? Isn't that tiresome in long term to keep in check every proxy for every designated sites.
jumpsq last edited by jumpsq
@dLeon Yes, I especially have an exception list for all my RSS feeds and for mail accounts in M2 (exception to use proxy even if I have it inactive for all other sites). I retrieve updates there quite regularly and I do not want the website owners to be able to track my position / movement (although the feeds are not personalized, that should be rather easy).
I use the same SOCKS 5 proxy there for all the connections; however, I would not mind to be able to customize this even further (this proxy for this website, other proxy for another).
Orthodox last edited by
Opera 12.x has the ability to automatically detect the logo/favicon of the site that's added to the SpeedDial, and use it as a thumbnail - a big, clean and easily recognizable logo. Why not make Vivaldi do the same?
sethjbr last edited by
@eddydc Wholeheartedly agree. I would vouch for a feature that allows exporting and importing all Vivaldi preferences via the command line or have all these settings stored within an individual file that could be copied from one Vivaldi installation to another. This would allow easily setting up multiple computers with the same Vivaldi preferences.
romeo.frenksen last edited by
I wonder whether there are plans to implement the functionality of the extension "Disconnect" natively: "say no to mass collection of your online activity and trackers"
Apart from many people being annoyed of some companies tracking their browsing, blocking those sniffers will result in faster browsing and more security as the attack vector of malware being delivered as social code is prevented.
Orthodox last edited by
ALL categories of search results in the Address Bar dropdown list should be optional, not just turning off bookmarks and typed history. The user should be able to choose what he/she wants to see in the search results list - history, bookmarks, open pages, web search results, etc. I myself usually need local search results (history and bookmarks), but not web search items. Everyone is different and that's the concept Vivaldi is based on.
Igor47 last edited by
- Possibility to drag (change the order) of web-panels.
- Less space between icons of web-panels.
- Right-click menu on a bookmark in the folder (same as right-click on top-level bookmark).
- I can drag bookmark into a folder. But how to drag it back from folder to top-level of bookmarks panel?
@Orthodox said
- I turned off Bookmarks & Typed History in address bar settings.
- Turned off Chromium prediction service & empty all search suggestions in Search engine settings.
With all of that, I only get History list in drop down.
So, I don't understand about your Web Search Item.
PardusPars last edited by
We can mute tabs and I want to close/pause player when I click the tab...
victarion last edited by
a notification on starting downloads would be nice
Pesala last edited by
@victarion Doesn't the option to open the Downloads panel automatically suit your needs? There is already notification on completing a download, which is surely more useful.
gaelle Community Manager last edited by
Thanks everyone for sharing your feedback. This thread is now closed and a new one was just started for Vivaldi 1.11.


text:
Labor Day weekend reviewathon and the bet
I have sucked at reviewing this week. Just have not had time. However I will make up for it by attempting to do ten reviews between today and Monday. That's right ten in four days and here are the artists I will review: Ufomammut, Doro (2), Loverboy, Razorwyre, Gouge, Xibabla, Rabbits, Vision Divine, Eclipse and Muknal. Now two of these are singles however I will do two Doro CDs as one review and the Ufomammut is long and involved that it will be as challenging as reviewing two discs so it will all even out. So what if I don't get all ten done by the end of Labor Day? Well, then on my honor I will sit down and listen to Warrant's Cherry Pie from start to finish with no pauses, bathroom breaks just straight ahead torture. Let the games begin.


text:
Recently I was sipping at one of my favorite Old Town wine-haunts- Vermillion. The ever-affable General Manager, Dave Hammond brought over a new Shiraz (not even on the list yet) that was simply UNREAL. Called Jester, this Aussie Shiraz is made in the ripasso method (grapes are air dried before pressing). Airing out the grapes actually dries them out and gives it's juice a extracted concentration that packs an amazing wallop. Ripasso method is normally reserved for Amarone and seen on Valpolicella, so Jester's employing a pretty extreme experiment - and it works beautifully on this wine. I am predicting we'll see more ripasso produced wines around soon. Give Jester a shot if big, juicy round wines float your boat.
Mitolo Jester - $18.99
McClaren Vale, Australia
The Vino Vixen™ is Mari Stull – Syndicated wine columnist, correspondent for Wine Taste TV, and member of the Society of Wine Educators. See her picks in this month's Travel Girl Magazine and BlueSky Magazine. Have a wine question or comment for Mari? She can be reached at email@example.com.


text:
WASHINGTON, D.C., April 17, 2013 – Samsung recently held its third annual finale event to honor the five winning schools of the Samsung Solve for Tomorrow contest, a nationwide $1M competition designed to raise enthusiasm for science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) education among U.S. public middle and high school students.
Students from the five winning schools had the opportunity to attend the ceremony and meet with their Congressional representatives. The grand prize winners were chosen for their video submissions illustrating how STEM can help address an environmental issue in their communities.
"Solve for Tomorrow aims to provide our nation's youth with a life-long interest in science, math, engineering, and technology from a young age," said David Steel, Executive Vice President of Corporate Strategy of Samsung Electronics North America. "It is our hope that actively engaging today's youth in STEM education will inspire and lead to meaningful career paths in the future."
David Boone, a freshman at Harvard University who attributes his success to STEM education, delivered the keynote address to an audience of education thought leaders, government officials and students on how access to STEM education helped him overcome obstacles and shaped his journey from living on the streets of Cleveland to becoming an electrical engineering and computer science major at Harvard University.
"When I was 14 years old, my family and I lost our home to gang violence. I refused to join the gang, so they retaliated," said Harvard freshman David Boone. "Even having experienced this hardship and others, I was still able to garner tremendous success through the help of mentors and a strong STEM-focused approach to learning."
U.S. Representative Xavier Becerra (D-CA), a leading Congressional advocate for STEM education, also spoke at the event. Congressman Becerra is chairman of the House Democratic Caucus and is the senior Democrat on the Ways and Means Subcommittee on Social Security. Camsie McAdams, Senior Advisor on STEM Education at the U.S. Department of Education, also addressed the audience during the ceremony.
Congressman Xavier Becerra (D-CA), Chairman of the House Democratic Caucus, said, "I'm just thrilled that there were a few students in Los Angeles who got to participate and take advantage of what Samsung is doing to invest in them."
The five winners will each receive $110,000* in technology products such as smart boards, LED TVs, and laptops from Samsung and its corporate partners, Adobe Foundation, and DIRECTV. As part of their prize package, the five winning schools also have the option to host a community e-waste recycling day through Samsung Recycling Direct, an e-waste program which has recycled more than 250 million pounds of electronic waste in the United States since the 2008.
This year alone, more than 1,600 schools across the country participated in the contest, with projects covering water pollution, climate change, and sustainability.
The five grand prize winners are:
|Franklin High School, Los Angeles, CA
|Leewood K-8 Center, Miami, FL
|Forestview Middle School, Baxter, MN
|Arrowhead Park Early College, Las Cruces, NM
|MS 88/Peter Rouget Middle School, Brooklyn, NY
In addition to working with its technology partners, Samsung partners closely with the National Environmental Education Foundation (NEEF) to tackle the complex issues of STEM education, and the National PTA® to ensure engagement and alignment with parents and educators across the country.
The Solve for Tomorrow contest is part of Samsung Hope for Children, the company's philanthropic initiative focused on helping children lead healthier, smarter, and more sustainable lives.
B-roll from the award ceremony can be downloaded: http://media.dmsprod.com/sft/
Images from the awards ceremony can be downloaded through the links below:
|Arrowhead Park Early College, Las Cruces, NM
|Forestview Middle School, Baxter, MN
|Franklin High School, Los Angeles, CA
|Leewood K-8 Center, Miami, FL
* Estimated Retail Value
About Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. is a global leader in technology, opening new possibilities for people everywhere. Through relentless innovation and discovery, we are transforming the worlds of televisions, smartphones, personal computers, printers, cameras, home appliances, LTE systems, medical devices, semiconductors and LED solutions. We employ 236,000 people across 79 countries with annual sales of $187.8 billion. To discover more, please visit www.samsung.com .
About Samsung Hope for Children
Samsung Hope for Children represents the company's philanthropic commitment in the U.S. to help improve children's health, education and sustainability. Since 2002, Samsung Electronics America and its retail and business partners have helped more than 500 schools, community-based foundations, and charities throughout the U.S. raise awareness of and funding for their causes. For more information please visit: www.samsung.com/hope.