text:
A lot of people ask me about how to control and sequence lighting, either for installations, displays, or wearable designs so I figured I'd put together this tutorial. There's both a 2-part video tutorial and a text-based tutorial for people that prefer either style. The videos and text tutorial are after the jump.
Timing Summary:
00:15 - Building the LED circuit on a breadboard
01:46 - Configuring Vixen software
03:40 - Setting up a new lighting sequence
05:12 - Inspecting sequencer serial output visually
07:08 - Writing Arduino sketch to decode sequencer data
10:28 - Testing lighting sequence on Arduino system
Timing Summary:
00:32 - Breaking up original system into transmitter & receiver
01:05 - writing freakduino transmitter code
03:00 - Writing freakduino receiver code
04:52 - Testing wireless system with Vixen
05:48 - Interfacing LED tape to our lighting circuit with transistors
06:55 - Testing system outdoors
07:42 - Real world examples: UPT flair bartending and Wrecking Crew Orchestra
A lot of people have contacted me with interest in wirelessly controlling lighting so I thought I'd put together this tutorial. Actually, this tutorial is an update since my original tutorial demonstrated how to wirelessly control lighting using DMX and the freeware, Vixen v2. Since then, they supported a generic serial interface which made things much easier. There is also a video tutorial that walks you through all the steps I'm going to detail in here and I recommend you go through that, especially if you're new to Arduino or Vixen.
Before we get into the wireless side of things, I think it's best to demonstrate how to control lighting using a wired connection. Things get more complicated when wireless comes into the picture. We'll start by setting up and controlling six LEDs from an Arduino and a breadboard. I'm using the FredBoard (Freaklabs Breadboard), an integrated Arduino compatible system + breadboard but you can also just use a standard Arduino and breadboard if you have those lying around.
Here is the connection diagram for the LEDs.
We'll be connecting them to digital pins D2 through D7 for a total of six outputs and those will correspond to six channels that we'll be using on the sequencer. The LEDs will be connected via 100 ohm current limiting resistor which puts about 20 mA through them when they're on. That's roughly the limit of current the AVR outputs can drive and usually the sweet spot for standard LEDs.
This is what the final system should look like:
I usually like to start off by blinking LEDs because if you can blink an LED, you can control anything. Once you have the LEDs going, it's just a matter of interface electronics to electrically control just about anything.
Next we're going to go into the Vixen software. In my original tutorial, I demonstrated using Vixen 2. That software was actually a horrible mess which crashed all the time. That's definitely not what you want in a live performance situation. Vixen 3 is much better and much more stable. Make sure you have a PC capable of running Windows 7 since Vixen 3 does not support Windows XP. You can pick the software up here.
Vixen 3 is a bit more complex to set up than Vixen 2 and you have to wrap your head around the way they abstracted the lighting and map it to the outputs. I highty recommend going through the video tutorial for the setup part so you can see exactly how it's done, but I'll also try to explain it here.
We're going to start off by setting up the display
We need to configure the lighting elements we'll be using. In our case, since we're just using six LEDs, I'm going to configure six single item elements. Single item elements are dimmable lights or devices that can have a value from 0 to 255.
You can also set the dimming curve and the display color. The dimming curve comes in handy since many LEDs have more of a logarithmic dimming profile than linear. You can use the dimming controls to linearize the devices you are using so they fade evenly from 0 to 255 or whatever range you are using.
Now we can set up the sequencer output. I'll be using the Generic Serial output which sends data out to the serial port. You have to configure the number of channels you want the output to have. It will output one value for each channel to the serial port. In our case, we want a one-to-one mapping of the lighting elements we created, the LEDs in our case, and the channels of our serial ports. So I'm going to create six channels.
Then we need to configure the serial port parameters. Vixen 3 is so much more convenient than Vixen 2 since Vixen 2 only allowed you to use COM1-4. Vixen 2 automatically searches for the used COM ports and allows you to span the complete range of COM ports on Windows. The COM settings are fairly standard and I will be using 57600 bps, 8 bits, No parity, and 1 stop bit, ie: 57600, 8N1.
Next, I'm configuring the sequencer output to send a header which will be an ASCII "+>". The header will help the software synchronize in case it gets lost in a frame somewhere. In the worst case, it will lose two frames of data before resynchronizing. This corresponds to about 20 msec if we set the sequencer to a 10 msec resolution so it's almost nothing. I'm also using two ASCII text symbols because it's less likely to run into two sequential values when you're lost in a frame than one. Actually, you can also configure a footer value to encapsulate the frame. Then you can auto-calculate the number of channels in software. This adds a bit more complexity to the software than I want to go into for this tutorial but in case you were curious, that's a pretty useful feature to have.
Finally, we need to patch our LEDs to our outputs. This sets a relationship between the lighting element and the output channel. In this case, we have the simplest relationship which is one to one. To do this, you highlight both the lighting elements and the output channels and then click on the patch button. Once this is done, you should be able to see the relationship between the lighting elements and output channels using the graphical view.
Now that the setup is finished, it's time to start a new sequence. First click the start button to start the stream.
To start a new sequence, you click the New Sequence button, a new Sequencer window will pop up and using the information we just configured, you should see the lighting elements in the window.
Now it's time to add in the audio and test out the music on the timeline.
This next step isn't required but it makes things much easier. I'll be using the built-in beat detection algorithm to generate markers on the timeline. It makes sequencing the lighting much more automated.
After that, I'm going to configure the effects to snap to the markers with a high snap strength. Markers are a great way to precisely control lighting events since you can have them automatically generated and can tweak them as needed. You can also instruct the lighting effects to snap to the markers so you can align events easily
I'd heavily recommend checking out the video to see exactly how all of this is done.
Once the sequence is finished, it's time to start working on the Arduino code. To do this, its useful to first look at the data that comes out of the serial port to see what the format is. This part isn't really needed, but it helps build insight into what we're doing. Check out the video from to see how this is done.
#define MAX_CHANNELS 6
int ch;
int state;
int chVal[MAX_CHANNELS] = {0};
int pins[] = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7};
enum states
void setup()
for (ch=0; ch<MAX_CHANNELS; ch++)
pinMode(pins[ch], OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(pins[ch], LOW);
state = IDLE;
ch = 0;
void loop()
if (Serial.available())
switch (state)
case IDLE:
ch = 0;
if (Serial.read() == '+')
state = DELIM;
state = IDLE;
case DELIM:
ch = 0;
if (Serial.read() == '>')
state = READ;
state = IDLE;
case READ:
chVal[ch++] = Serial.read();
if (ch >= MAX_CHANNELS)
ch = 0;
state = DISP;
case DISP:
state = IDLE;
for (ch=0; ch<MAX_CHANNELS; ch++)
if (chVal[ch] > 0)
digitalWrite(pins[ch], HIGH);
digitalWrite(pins[ch], LOW);
For the Arduino code, I implement a state machine which is useful for decoding serial protocols. The state machine will have four states. The first state is the IDLE state which is the default state. In this state, we wait for the '+' symbol which is the first start of frame marker. If we see it, then we move to the second state, DELIM. In the DELIM state, we want to see the second delimiter marker, '>', which will indicate the start of the frame. This is just to reduce the number of false positives for the start of frame since the chances of having two exact sequential numbers is quite low.
If we see the second delimiter, then we go into the READ state where we read the remaining frame and store it into our array. Once this is finished, we transition to the DISP state which is where we display our data. In the DISP state, we loop through each value in the array and if its nonzero, we turn the LED on. Otherwise, we turn the LED off. If we implemented PWM on these pins, then we can actually display the brightness corresponding to the numerical value instead. But I'm just using on/off to keep the code and this demo simple.
That's pretty much it for controlling and sequencing lighting with an Arduino. In the next part, we're going to extend what we learned to the case of wireless.
For this second part, you can see that I've moved away from using the Fredboard, which was the integrated Freaklabs Arduino + breadboard, and implemented the same circuit using a discrete breadboard + a freakduino.
In this case, I'm using the 900 MHz long range version of the freakduino which is ideal for going through places with a lot of thick walls or where you need a lot of range. Depending on your application, it might be overkill and a standard 900 MHz version would also work. I prefer using the 900 MHz license free band whenever I can since the range is much better and its less crowded due to the lack of WiFi and other devices that use this band. For theater performances which are mission-critical, it's best to use this band since many people use WiFi during theatrical performances which can interfere with communications.
Now we're going to dive straight into the transmitter code. It's almost the same as our original code from the wired portion we just finished. The main difference is that we'll be using the chibiArduino stack to send the data wirelessly, rather than acting on it locally. chibiArduino is a wireless protocol stack that I wrote based on the open IEEE 802.15.4 standard. I simplified a lot of the configuration and features of that standard so that you basically just need to initialize it and then send and receive data. I realized a while back that most people don't care what standard they use and just want to send and receive wireless data.
#include <chibi.h>
#define MAX_CHANNELS 6
#define MY_ADDR 5
#define DEST_ADDR 3
int ch;
int state;
byte chVal[MAX_CHANNELS] = {0};
enum states
void setup()
state = IDLE;
ch = 0;
void loop()
if (Serial.available())
switch (state)
case IDLE:
ch = 0;
if (Serial.read() == '+')
state = DELIM;
state = IDLE;
case DELIM:
ch = 0;
if (Serial.read() == '>')
state = READ;
state = IDLE;
case READ:
chVal[ch++] = Serial.read();
if (ch >= MAX_CHANNELS)
ch = 0;
state = DISP;
case DISP:
state = IDLE;
chibiTx(DEST_ADDR, chVal, MAX_CHANNELS);
If you look at the code, there are a few changes that I made like defining the source and destination addresses. The source address is our own address and the destination address is the address we want to send the data to.
I'm also initializing the chibiArduino stack using the chibiInit() function which sets the stack to default values and programs the registers to let it know that we'll be sending data through soon. I'm also setting the address of the device using the chibiSetShortAddr(…) function in case any other device wants to talk to us. Once we set the address on the device, that will be the identifier other devices can use to talk to us. We only need to set the short address once and it gets stored in nonvolatile memory but in this case, we set the address each time we power up.
We'll still be using the state machine to decode the serial protocol from Vixen. In the loop code, the main difference is in the DISP state where instead of looping through the data array and switching the LEDs, we take the array and transmit it wirelessly to the receiver using the chibiTx(…) function. The chibiTx(…) function takes three arguments, the destination address we want to send the data to, the data in byte array form, and the length of data that will be sent. That's pretty much it for our wireless transmitter.
#include <chibi.h>
#define MAX_CHANNELS 6
#define MY_ADDR 3
#define DEST_ADDR 5
int pins[] = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7};
int i;
void setup()
for (i=0; i<MAX_CHANNELS; i++)
pinMode(pins[i], OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(pins[i], LOW);
void loop()
int i;
// Check if any data was received from the radio. If so, then handle it.
if (chibiDataRcvd() == true)
int len, rssi, src_addr;
byte buf[100]; // this is where we store the received data
// retrieve the data and the signal strength
len = chibiGetData(buf);
// discard the data if the length is 0. that means its a duplicate packet
if (len == 0) return;
rssi = chibiGetRSSI();
src_addr = chibiGetSrcAddr();
// Print out the message and the signal strength
Serial.print("Data from node 0x");
Serial.print(src_addr, HEX);
Serial.print(": ");
for (i=0; i<len; i++)
if (buf[i] > 0)
digitalWrite(pins[i], HIGH);
digitalWrite(pins[i], LOW);
Serial.print(" ");
Serial.print(", RSSI = 0x"); Serial.println(rssi, HEX);
Now we're going to go to the receiver side where we get the data wirelessly and act on it by blinking the LEDs. Again we start off by setting our defines including our source and destination addresses. In this case, the addresses are reversed. Since we're on the receiver side, our source address is the transmitter's destination address and vice versa. We then initialize the pins and chibi stack in the setup function, and this time we have a bit of luxury where our serial port is free. This means we can also print out debug messages to the serial port. Be careful about this though since printing messages takes a lot of time. If you print too much under heavy traffic, you could overflow your receive buffer.
In the loop function we have a bit of new code. I'll start by writing out the basic code to receive data via the chibiArduino stack. In the loop function, we check if data was received from the stack using the chibiDataRcvd() function. If data was received, the function returns true which means we will begin our receive procedure. To receive data, we declare a variable called len which holds the length in bytes of data we will receive as well as a byte array of data 100 bytes long. The reason I choose 100 bytes is because that's the maximum payload size of the chibiArduino stack. You can also choose a smaller array size to save RAM.
The chibiGetData(…) function is then called with the byte array as an argument. It fills the array in with the received data and returns the length of data that was received. I also do a length check to make sure the length is not zero. If the length is zero, it means it's a duplicate packet, or one that we've already received before, so I just discard it. The data received should be six bytes so I then go through the received data byte by byte and switch the corresponding LED pin based on if it's 0 or 255.
I've also added a bit of embellishment for the development side of things so that we can get some extra data from the chibiArduino stack. It's not necessary but could help debug issues we might have. I've added two extra variables, one for the source address and one for the RSSI or the received signal strength indicator. The source address is useful in case there are multiple transmitters. It's always a good idea to log the address that data is coming from since it's sometimes possible there might be a rogue transmitter or a device that just goes crazy. For RSSI, higher values correspond to higher signal strengths. This is useful information that can be used to debug situations where the signal strength is too weak for the receiver to decode properly. It's also very useful to conduct site surveys and understand where weak areas of signal are.
Now that we can wirelessly control and sequence our LEDs, controlling larger, more substantial lighting displays is just a matter of interface circuitry. If you check out the video (5:51 of Part 2), you can see examples of interfacing to other types of lighting as well as some case studies of lighting control used in real life situations.
That's it for the tutorial. Hope you enjoyed it.


text:
Koenma Appears is the second episode of season 1 of YuYu Hakusho. It aired on October 17, 1992 in Japan and March 2, 2002 in the United States.
Previously, 14 year old Yusuke Urameshi was killed in car accident while trying to save a little boy who would survive. He realized that he became a ghost, and moments later met Botan, the Pilot of the River Styx or otherwise known as the Grim Reaper. She told him that he could have his life back as his sacrifice was pointless. Yusuke, however, turns the offer down as he might get used to his new "life", until during his wake Keiko, Kuwabara, his mother Atsuko and Mr. Takanaka are shown heartbroken after his death. He changes mind after seeing how important he actually was to them and Botan takes him to the Spirit World.
Botan takes Yusuke to the Spirit World to meet the great ruler of the Spirit, King Enma, but instead of meeting a large hulking monster like Yusuke expected, they're greeted by a small toddler. He introduces himself as Koenma, the prince of Spirit World (and son of Enma). Yusuke, however laughs after seeing his young appearance as he mistakes him for his father. An annoyed Koenma explains that he is King Enma's son and warns Yusuke to watch his mouth, but he mocks him. Botan hits him for showing great disrespect as Koenma is the only one (besides Enma) to give back his life. He gives Yusuke the key to his revival; a small golden egg, which will eventually hatch a Spirit Beast. If Yusuke has an evil-natured soul, the Spirit Beast will devour him, body and soul, meaning he will cease any plane of existence, however, if Yusuke's soul has a good nature, the Spirit Beast that will hatch will lead him back to his body
Fairly confident that he can do the task, Yusuke and Botan return to the living world to make sure that Yusuke's real body is properly taken care of. He must get the attention of at least one of his friends so his body doesn't get cremated. Yusuke's mother, Atsuko, is out of the question, since she is completely drunk from drowning her sorrows over the loss of her son. He tries to tell Keiko in a dream, but when Atsuko told her that she also had a strange dream about Yusuke, she thought that none of her dreams were real. His only choice left, and the one he dislikes the most, is to possess Kuwabara and tell his loved ones not to cremate his body, however there is a one-hour time limit. Things were complicated at first since he keeps on getting into fights being in Kuwabara's body, but he still managed to find Keiko and tell her his message. He at first can't think straight and needs to find a way to convince her, which he quickly does. While walking, he runs to her and gropes Keiko's breasts behind her. Appalled and angered for being groped there, she slaps him in the face and calls Yusuke (although he's dead) a jerk for groping her boobs, but realizes it's Kuwabara. He then explains to her by saying the things he said to her when he was alive. She realizes it's Yusuke in Kuwabara's body, and he tells her that he will be able to come back, but she has to take care of his body and make sure nothing bad happens to it. He also tells Keiko to tell his mother to stop the funeral.
She believes in him even though he is in another person's body because she knows him very well. Keiko immediately rushes over to Atsuko, telling her that she needs to keep Yusuke's body in good condition, but Atsuko tells her that Yusuke's heart has already started beating again. They embrace eachother after hearing the good news, while Yusuke and Botan look over them in the sky. Yusuke then notices that the golden egg Koenma gave him is glowing and gazes at it.
Characters in Order of AppearanceEdit
- Botan
- Yusuke Urameshi
- Koenma (First Appearance)
- Atsuko Urameshi
- Keiko Yukimura
- Kazuma Kuwabara
- Kuwabara's Gang
- Mr. Yukimura (First Appearance)
- Keiko's Friend
- Natsuko
Trivia Edit
- First appearance of King Enma (image only).
- It's revealed that Yusuke and Keiko were childhood friends before he died.
Gallery Edit
|e v
|Spirit Detective Saga
|1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25
|Season 1 | Season 2 | Season 3|Season 4
|List of Chapters

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Ballymore hard pressed to beat Young Grattans
Ballymore got their Intermediate Championship campaign off to a winning start following a three point victory over Young Grattans at Leo Casey Park, Ballymahon on Sunday evening last.
But Martin Reilly's charges were hard pressed to come out on top in this evenly contested affair. Ballymore, to their credit, deserved their victory. Excellent free taking from the boot of Damien Monaghan helped their cause greatly as too did their midfield general Bernard McElvaney along with Donal McElvaney in the heart of defence.
Ballymore raced into a two point advantage in the early exchanges thanks to fine scores from Bernard McElvaney and Kiel Dempsey and this lead should have been greater when the busy Dempsey broke free but he failed to make the most of his goal scoring opportunity in the 10th minute.
Grattans refused to be pushed aside nonetheless and three points from their in-form forward Emmet Clarke and a close range effort from Gerard Victory put them back into contention midway through the first half. Indeed, Young Grattans held the lead at half-time (0-6 to 0-5) when Clarke struck over his fifth point from a free.
After the restart, Ballymore quickly got things back on track when Damien Monaghan converted two close range frees inside the opening five minutes. Monaghan proved to be a serious threat to the Grattans full-back line and finished with a personal tally of five points.
Ballymore gradually started to stamp their authority on proceedings but Jack Lynn's outfit were handed somewhat of a life line in the 48th minute. Grattans were awarded a clear cut penalty but Kevin Jones blistering shot rebounded off the upright, much to the relief of the Ballymore supporters. A Padraig Dennigan point cut the deficit back to two with four minutes remaining but Ballymore responded in the best possible fashion and a brace of scores from the midfield pairing of Bernard McElvaney and Pauric McNerney closed out any chance of a late Grattans comeback.
BALLYMORE: Mark Tighe; Ciaran Fahy, Donal McElvaney, Michael Flynn; Vinnie Walker, Mattie Gorman (0-1), John Kavanagh; Bernard McElvaney (0-2), Pauric McNerney (0-1); Eoin Donohoe, Philip Dawson, Stephen Gorman; Damien Monaghan (0-6), Conor Monaghan, Kiel Dempsey (0-2).
Subs:- Mel Creggan for E Donohoe (half-time); Sean Corr for V Walker (black card, 38 mins); Bernard Dempsey for C Monaghan (50 mins); Padraig Reilly for C Fahy (56 mins).
YOUNG GRATTANS: Stephen Hussey; Timmy Hegarty, Damien McHugh, Michael Stokes; Gary Hewitt, Michael Madden, Karl Murray; Shane Cassidy, John Balfe; David Trappe, Wille John McDermott, Emmet Clarke (0-5); Gerard Victory (0-3), Kevin Jones, John Hand.
Subs:- Robert Kilemade for D Trappe (half-time); Padraig Dennigan (0-1) for J Hand (50 mins).
Referee: Michael Farrell


text:
Fianna Fáil Spokesperson on Children and Youth Affairs Anne Rabbitte says legislation put forward by her party will provide greater protection and security to au pairs and their host families.
Deputy Rabbitte made the comments in advance of the Dáil Private Members Business debate on the 'Au Pair Placement Bill 2016'.
"This legislation is designed to bring much needed legal clarity to the situation governing au pair exchanges in Ireland. Currently there is no definition of an au pair in Irish legislation. This is extremely problematic as it has led to the emergence of a legal vacuum and has created confusion for au pairs and their host families.
"The Workplace Relations Commission made a ruling in March 2016 on au pair payments. The WRC ruled that host-au pair relationship is the same as that of an employer and employee. This undermines the tradition of au pair arrangements in Ireland as it does not take account of the educational or cultural advantages of such exchanges.
"The WRC ruling has created a legal minefield for au pairs and their host families alike. In effect it means that host families must pay au pairs the statutory minimum wage alongside making the corresponding PRSI contributions. The ruling also requires a detailed record of hours worked and duties undertaken to be kept. The ruling does not take into consideration the fact that food and lodgings are supplied in most instances.
"There are around 20,000 families with au pairs in Ireland, most of who come from other EU countries and participate on English language programmes. It's estimated that au pair placements could fall by as much as 80% if legislation is not brought in to clarify the situation.
"The legislation we have introduced will provide the necessary legal clarity for au pairs and their host families alike. It defines au pair placements in line with its traditional definition as a cultural, learning and educational exchange. It creates a legal definition for au pairs which are standard in other countries right across the EU. It also attempts to crack down on less regulated elements of the au pair sector.
"This Bill will also establish a new mechanism for hearing complaints and resolving disputes between au pairs and host families. Furthermore, a new body will be set up to provide accreditation to au pair agencies and ensure new standards are upheld. The legislation strikes the right balance between protecting au pairs and upholding the traditional cultural aspects of such placements."


text: Share: Comments Print October 29, 2013 at 5:44 PM Video: Lorenzo Romar demonstrates NCAA's new defensive rule Posted by Percy Allen [do action="brightcove-video" videoid="2781987417001″/] Lorenzo Romar wants you to explain the NCAA's block-charge rule to him. Not really. But the Washington coach asked a small group of reporters if anyone understood the block-charge call to illustrate the new rule is confusing. In the video (above), Romar gives a quick demonstration of what is a legal block and charge. Honestly, I've watched it five times and I still don't understand. "We got to figure that one out," he said and it's not entirely clear if he's talking about the Huskies or every NCAA team. "That's going to be a tough one. The officials admit in the beginning of the year, block-charges will probably go 70-80 (percent) where it's a block. We have to figure that one out." A big part of Washington's defense requires players to recognize when to switch and then quickly move into place to deny the ball handler a path to the basket. The Huskies chart charges and value them perhaps more than any other defensive statistic. Under Romar, Washington has historically been a ball-hawking team that applies lots of on-ball pressure. The personnel didn't allow the Huskies to do that the past two seasons and it appears the new hand-checking rule will also water down UW's defensive pressure on the perimeter. Romar said the new defensive changes could change the game much like the three-point shot and the shot clock. Comments | More in Lorenzo Romar, Notes, Video


text:
This chapter is informative.
Forms are an important part of the Web, and they continue to be the primary means of interactivity used by many Web sites. Web applications and eCommerce solutions have sparked the demand for better Web forms with richer interactions. XForms are the response to this demand--extended analysis, followed by the creation of a new platform-independent markup language for online interaction between a XForms Processor and a remote entity. XForms are the successor to XHTML forms, and benefit from the lessons learned in the years of HTML forms implementation experience.
Further background information on XForms can be found at http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/Forms.
This specification has been written with various types of readers in mind--In particular XForms authors and XForms implementors. We hope the specification will provide authors with the tools they need to write efficient, attractive, and accessible documents, without overexposing them to the XForms implementation details. Implementors, however, should find all they need to build conforming XForms Processors. The specification begins with a general presentation of XForms and becomes more and more technical and specific towards the end. For quick access to information, a general table of contents, specific tables of contents at the beginning of each section, and an index provide easy navigation, in both the electronic and printed versions.
The specification has been written with two modes of presentation in mind: electronic and printed. In case of a discrepancy, the electronic version is considered the authoritative version of the document.
The specification is organized into the following chapters:
Chapters 1 and 2: An introduction to XForms
The introduction includes a brief tutorial on XForms and a discussion of design principles behind XForms.
Chapters 3 and up: XForms reference manual.
The bulk of the reference manual consists of the specification of XForms. This reference defines what may go into XForms and how XForms Processors must interpret the various components in order to claim conformance.
Appendixes contain a normative description of XForms described in XML Schema, information on optional function libraries, references, a change history, and other useful information.
The following highlighting and typography is used to present technical material in this document and other documents from the XForms Working Group:
Special terms are defined in their own chapter; hyperlinks connect uses of the term to the definition.
Throughout this document, the namespace prefixes "
and "
xsd:" are used to denote the XForms and XML Schema
namespaces respectively. This is by convention only; any namespace prefix may
be used.
BNF grammar productions are presented as follows:
|BNF Grammar 1
|/* Comments */
|BNF Grammar 2
|BNF Grammar 3
|BNF Grammar 4
|BNF Grammar 5
Non-normative short examples are set off typographically:
While lengthier non-normative examples are set off typographically and may include a short explanation:
Good Example, using Tables
<foo href="http://www.example.com/XForms"/> Multiple lines in length And an explanation of the example of proper syntax or usage
Bad Example, using Tables
<foo href=http://www.example.com/XForms> Multiple lines in length And an explanation of the example of incorrect syntax or usage.
References to external documents are in [Square Brackets] with links to the references section of this document.
The XML representations of various elements within XForms are presented as follows:
XML Representation :
exampleSimple Syntax
count = integer
size = (small | medium | large) : medium>
Content: (all | any*)
Example Properties
Property Representation {example property} Description of what the property corresponds to, e.g. the value of the
The following highlighting is used for non-normative commentary:
[Note: Informational note intended for publication]
[Ed. General comments intended for removal before final publication.]


text:
Forty years ago today at 10.42 am a wonderful woman gave birth to quite a cute baby. They named her Lynsey! It's official I'm forty today – where has the time gone?
I have never been a fan of my birthday, it's not an age thing. It is purely because it's so close to Christmas and New Year. By the time everyone has finished with Christmas and New Years eve celebrations nobody can afford anything, or want to do anything. As a child it made no difference but as an adult it sucks a little bit.
Forty however seems a little bit more of a big deal. All of the sudden I feel old! When I was a kid, 40 seemed so old. Middle aged. The age of spinster school teachers and doctors. When I was 20, 40 was my whole lifetime away. When I was 30, 40 seemed like an age where I would have my life put together. However, today I am forty and I still don't have my life figured out.
I have to admit I have done quite a lot in my first 40 years. I've lived abroad, travelled to a few different countries, I have earned a HND and a degree, got married, had two children. And in between all of that I have made a lot of mistakes. When you roll all of my life experiences together I think I have learned a few lessons.
I will share some a few photos from my first 40. I asked my mum to email me a few photos as a little girl, she opted for funny ones, some are a little cringy. Despite that I will share some.
I was born in Weston Super Mare, when I was one we moved to Gibralter and we returned to England when I was four. I don't remember a lot from that age. During those years I saw apes, one of which stole my orange juice! I've seen snakes, praying mantis and cockroaches. I do love listening to my parents tell me about Gibralter.
I love this one. Looking very stroppy. A look I have seen from my own children. Here is another one taken in Gibralter.
These are great, I think both me and my brother look cute. These are also taken whilst we lived in Gibralter.
There really are so many photos I can share with you from different parts of my life, but I don't wish to bore you.
Here are a few collages that relate to different parts of my life. Here are a few from my youth. As my dad was in the RAF we moved around a few times. The top right photo was when we lived in Doncaster and the other two are taken in Cornwall. We moved there when I was ten or eleven. That's where my parents still live.
I have to cringe at some of the clothes I wore but I am sure at the time it was the 'in' thing to wear.
After going through GCSE's and A-levels I went to University – 3 times! The photo on the left was taken in Bedford whilst I was at DE Montfort University. The bottom right was taken with my great friend Lizzie on the Isle of Wight. Top right is me and M at Bournemouth University. M and I met just before I went to Bournemouth Uni.
I loved my years at University. I learnt a lot, had some fun, made plenty of mistakes and made some great friends. It's a great start to life.
Here are a few more photos from University.
Whilst at University I stumbled into the entertainment industry. During the summer holidays I worked on holiday parks as an entertainer. Think children's entertainment, dancing and one season I was a magicians assistant. Those were great years of my life that I look back at fondly.
During my first summer season I met a cabaret artist who owns a pantomime company. From that winter I worked in Pantomime every year for three years. I worked as a DSM deputy stage manager. i had a lot of fun and met some very interesting people, some of whom i am still friends with.
During my 40 years i have travelled to a lot of places. I have back packed around Bali twice, travelled to the Caribbean, Kenya, various places with in Europe and Egypt twice.
I also worked on a cruise ship when i was in my early twenties. My time on the ship was great, however short lived as the company went into administration.
These photos are also from my travels. The one on the left was taken whilst on a cruise on the Nile. This was our honeymoon. Top right is taken in Budapest and the bottom one is somewhere in a tent! I do love camping, we have yet to go with the children.
I hope to travel to more places again in the future.
Time moved on, i got married, had some more fun. Had two children and now we are having a whole different adventure with two children.
Its been a good 40 years and this really is just a glimpse. If anything looking through all these photos has been a little cathartic. Turning forty is a big deal, but at least I can say its been 40 years of variety and that I have learnt a lot.
I've learned there are people in this world I would die for, and kill for, without a moment's hesitation. But I've also learned that there are people in this world who despite my best efforts aren't meant to be a part of my life, and that's ok.
Most importantly though, I've learned that I'm not done. I'm not finished evolving into the person I'm meant to be. I've learned that I don't have it all figured out and that it's a pretty exciting journey I'm on, if I just let it be.
I have no idea what I will be doing on my birthday, But what i do know is that it doesn't matter what we do as being with family is one of the best things at this stage in my life.


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An interesting case recently came up in Massachusetts in which the criminal charges brought against an 18-year-old aspiring rapper have been found to violate his First Amendment rights. While the case didn't take place here in Alabama, the implications are pretty far-reaching. With the government and law enforcement increasingly coming down hard on the side of security from terrorism versus citizens' civil rights, here is one case in which citizens -- in the form of a grand jury -- decided otherwise.
Shortly after the Boston bombing, the young man composed some rap lyrics and posted them on Facebook: "[expletive] a boston bombinb [sic] wait til u see the shit I do, I'ma be famous for rapping, and beat every murder charge that comes across me."
After concerned fellow students notified the police, the 18-year-old was arrested on suspicion of making terroristic threats -- and not of the misdemeanor variety more familiar in Alabama. The terroristic threats he was accused of making were charged as a felony because the police believed he was threatening to hijack a car or build a bomb. Those criminal charges could have sent him to prison for 20 years.


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7 new trustees elected at Loyola
Loyola press release - July 28, 2014
The Loyola University New Orleans Board of Trustees elected seven new members to begin serving Aug. 1, including Janet Boles, Dennis Cuneo, J.D. '76, Sally Forman, Gail Jock '62, Stephen Landry '83, Gerald L. Ray '71 and Robert A. Savoie, Ph.D., M.B.A. '81. Boles, Cuneo, Jock and Savoie are returning trustees, having served in previous years.
CEO of the Franciscan Missionaries of Our Lady Health System Inc. John J. Finan '70, Jr., will serve as the newly elected chair. Finan replaces J. Kevin Poorman as chair, who is completing 10 years on the board and three as chair.
"The Loyola Board of Trustees includes leaders in the New Orleans business community and beyond—folks we are fortunate to have serving in this capacity at Loyola. At the same time, I also want to thank our departing members for their tireless service and dedication to Loyola," said the Rev. Kevin Wm. Wildes, S.J., Ph.D., university president.
Other officers for the 2014-15 board include New Orleans-based entrepreneur Barry D. LeBlanc, M.B.A. '82, who will serve as vice chair, and member of the Loyola Jesuit community and French professor the Rev. Peter Rogers, S.J., who will serve as secretary treasurer. Wildes also serves as an officer on the board.
New members:
Janet Boles is the owner of Boles Law Firm-Baton Rouge LLC and specializes in regulatory, public utility, gaming, pilotage and corporate law. She is a past president of the American Red Cross ARC Angels, past board member and chair of the Baton Rouge Community College Foundation and former member and chairwoman of the Louisiana Mineral Board.
Dennis Cuneo is a partner in Fisher & Phillips LLP, a leading national labor and employment firm with offices in New Orleans. He also operates his own consulting firm, DC Strategic Advisors LLC. He was formerly a senior vice president of Toyota, where he played a key role in the launch and expansion of Toyota's manufacturing operations in North America.
Co-founder of The Idea Village, a nonprofit dedicated to supporting local entrepreneurs, communications consultant Sally Forman has served as chief of protocol for the City of New Orleans and in the press offices of both Republican and Democratic administrations in Louisiana. She is the author of "Eye of the Storm: Inside City Hall During Katrina," which chronicles her role as director of communications for New Orleans during the storm.
Gail Jock is a native of Baton Rouge, La. She spent 11 years as a dental hygienist after receiving a degree in dental hygiene from Loyola in 1962. Jock splits her time between New York City and Wheaton, Ill., and is a member of the Lotos Club, one of the oldest literary clubs in the U.S., and a volunteer with the New York Piano Competition.
Stephen Landry, a 1983 Loyola College of Business graduate, is a partner with Ernst & Young LLP in Houston, Texas. He originally joined the firm's New Orleans office in 1985 where he worked with oil field clients. From January 2007 to April 2013, Landry served as director of tax compliance and accounting with Marathon Oil Company, and later as its vice president of tax.
Gerald L. Ray has a varied and distinguished career in the glass industry beginning with a variety of positions in the flat automotive glass segments. Ray is a founder and managing partner of LRST LLC, and for the past three years has served as vice president and managing partner of Guardian Auto Glass LLC. A 1971 Loyola graduate, he was co-captain of the school's baseball team and in 2009 was inducted into Loyola's Sports Hall of Fame. He resides in Paradise Valley, Ariz.
Robert A. "Bobby" Savoie is chief executive officer of Geocent LLC, one of the largest information technology and engineering services companies, headquartered in New Orleans. He received his M.B.A. from Loyola in 1981 and in 2008 was named College of Business Alumnus of the Year.


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It's finally happened. A limited edition, dessert Oreo that I actually want to try. This is big news.
The S'moreo, as shared in a press release: "Featuring a first-ever graham cracker cookie and chocolate-marshmallow creme filling, S'mores OREO cookies allow fans to enjoy summer's iconic treat no matter where they are –- no fuss, no mess. Some might describe it as a campfire in a cookie."
Even though they don't go on sale till May 22 the folks at Mashable were lucky enough to get to try them before their limited run starts (send me some next time, ok?)
And here's what they have to say:
"If the cracker was more graham-y, it would nail it."
"It is f*cking delicious."
"The filling doesn't taste like s'mores, but the cracker is graham cracker."
"The inside needed more smoke flavor... I wanted to feel more campfire."
"Really yummy."
"Tastes like just a vanilla cookie."
So I don't really know if I'll like it. Chances are if it's anything like the other limited edition ones I've tried (watermelon-yuck, red velvet-yuck, ice cream-yuck), I probably won't like it, but I've gotta try them all (Oreos!)


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Cash withdrawal limit raised to Rs 4,500 from ATMs
Mumbai: With many a rules and instructions by the government and the Reserve Bank of India(RBI) after the demonetization move by Narendra Modi, a new rule has again been undertaken to ease the common man from the cash crunch scenario. The RBI on Friday has issued a notice stating that cash withdrawal limit from ATMs will be increased to 4,500 per day from the current 2,500 with effect from January 1 next year.
However, there has been no change in the weekly withdrawal limit, which stands at Rs 24,000, including from ATM, for individuals and Rs 50,000 in case of small traders.
Following demonetization of old Rs 500 and Rs 1,000 notes on November 9, limits had been imposed on withdrawal of cash from banks as well as ATMs.
Earlier in the day, the RBI had permitted White Label ATM Operators (WLAOs) to source cash from retail outlets. Most of the White Label ATMs are running dry since demonetization as the operators were facing difficulties in sourcing cash from their sponsor banks.
Friday was the last day to deposit the invalid currency notes in banks. However, people still have time to exchange the currency notes at designated RBI counters till March 31 after giving valid reasons for not depositing defunct notes in their accounts by December 30.


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Registration Still Open for Friday's Park Point 5-Miler
Hydrate, hydrate, hydrate! The 42nd running of the Park Point 5-Miler – Northern Minnesota's oldest road race – is set for Friday, July 19. Bring the kids, the whole family can run!
The event begins at 5:30 p.m. with youth races for children 14 and under, followed by a two-mile walk at 6:15 p.m., and then the five-mile feature race at 6:30 p.m.
Online pre-registration for is available through Thursday at www.GrandmasMarathon.com or www.YoungAthletesFoundation.com. Those choosing to sign up on race day should visit the pavilion at the end of Park Point between 3 p.m. and 5 p.m. The pre-registration entry fee is $25 for the five-mile run and two-mile walk and $35 on race day. The youth races are free.
All finishers in the run and walk will receive a commemorative T-shirt, and awards will be presented to the top participants at an award ceremony following the five-mile run. Ribbons will be awarded to youth race participants upon completion of their event.
Participants are encouraged to plan extra travel time to Park Point to ensure they arrive on time for their event. For the safety of race participants, Minnesota Avenue will be closed to vehicular traffic from approximately 6:00 p.m. to 7:30 p.m.
Net proceeds from the Park Point 5-Miler benefit the Young Athletes Foundation (YAF), a Grandma's Marathon program focused on the promotion and development of youth athletics.


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Well before the first glimpse of Prince at the kickoff of the Essence Festival's 20th anniversary weekend Friday night (July 4), his presence was palpable. The Mercedes-Benz Superdome was lit in purple. Many of the nearly 50,000 bodies that packed the Dome during one of the fest's rare, true sell-outs (Beyonce scored one, too, in 2013, but apparently not as well as Prince) wore the color, some on vintage Prince tour T-shirts.
At his last Essence gig, its 10th anniversary in 2004, the famously cryptic performer first appeared in disguise, roller-skating around the main stage during an opening band's show. This year, as back then, the Purple One curated the lineup in the main room, booking Janelle Monae (he appeared on her 2013 album "The Electric Lady") and disco legend Nile Rodgers (whom he interviewed for a feature in Essence magazine). Rather magically, Prince popped up as himself during both act's sets; on guitar with Monae, at the end of her cover of his hit "Let's Go Crazy," and also with Rodgers, during a version of David Bowie's cool and glossy "Let's Dance," which Rodgers produced back in 1983.
The time Prince spent on guitar during those two brief cameos turned out to be almost equivalent to how long he spent on the instrument during his own set. After kicking off with a crunchy, metal-heavy version of "Let's Go Crazy," he didn't pick up the axe again until the encore "Purple Rain."
Because the main stage schedule was running slightly behind, Prince didn't begin his set until about 11p.m. (Though, technically, he hit the stage at his scheduled 10:30, making his appearance with Rodgers.) His voice, speaking the immortal - "Dearly beloved..." – opening words of "Let's Go Crazy," kicked it off, emerging disembodied from behind a billowing white sheet.
The show was hit-heavy and long on audience engagement. His first declaration was that the band would play "14 hits all in a row," which, besides "Let's Go Crazy," included "Take Me With U," the Time's "Cool" and "Jungle Love," "Hot Thing," "Controversy," "Kiss," Vanity 6's "Nasty Girl," "Sign o' the Times," "When Doves Cry," "Raspberry Beret," "Hot Thing," "1999" and a slow and aching "Little Red Corvette." ("You know how many hits I got?" he shouted.) Trombone Shorty was introduced with fanfare during "Sometimes It Snows in April," featuring English soul singer Lianne La Havas, and stuck around onstage in a purple dress shirt.
With the core 3rdEyeGirl rock ensemble augmented by an 11-person New Power Generation horn section, Prince was effusive, playful and chatty, spending lots of time on the extended stage runway close to his fans; he played to the Essence crowd, demanding sing-alongs and keeping the energy high even as feedback and monitor problems plagued the show. After his 14 or so hits were ticked off, he thanked the NPG, Monae and Rodgers, and announced, "This is your party now, any requests?"
He didn't actually take any, but he delivered plenty of what the Superdome wanted – from the new cut "FunkNRoll" to a long, straight-funk medley of his own songs, such as "Partyman," "Act of God," and "Glamorous Life," penned for Shelia E. Over the course of the show, he dropped in a brief take on Chaka Khan's "Ain't Nobody Love Me Better," and Michael Jackson's "Don't Stop Til You Get Enough," and in a third and final encore, the fan-favorite deep cut "Days of Wild."
There were confetti cannons, and gangs of high-energy dancers twirling light-up batons. A large bunch of purple balloons was released into the rafters of the Dome. After a resounding audience chant, the aching first notes of "Purple Rain" sounded for the second encore and pinnacle of the set - the same song with which Prince had closed his 10th anniversary Essence show in 2004.
Added up and averaged out, the show was a hit parade, the kind of performance that divides dedicated fans (and Prince has very dedicated fans) between those who want to hear the rarities and those who want to hear the hits. But Prince was playing to the Essence crowd, a serious sing-along, dance-along group that more than anything demands a party. He gave it to them, with plenty of warmth, connection and engagement.
"Look at how beautiful you look," he said. "You can sing along if you want."
Prince left the Superdome stage close to 1 a.m., and, within hours, was back at it for a cameo appearance with Liv Warfield at the House of Blues that lasted until 5 a.m.


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The history of this region is one of the main factors that attract so many visitors every year, for many people from all over the world, the cultural capital of Poland is the breathtaking city of Krakow.Travelling to Poland and enjoying Lesser Poland holidays can be a educational, spiritually uplifting and healthy for your mind, body and soul. Sample all the delights that Lesser Poland holidays have to offer, a trip to this part of the globe has something to offer absolutely everyone.
UNESCO declared the Old Town of Krakow to be a World Heritage Site. Thus a visit to this place can take you through a myriad of beautiful and unique sights, such as fascinating museums and imposing, awe-inspiring castles. Grim reminders of war atrocities also exist amid the modern world of Poland and for the history buffs, visits to the Auschwitz concentration camp or the Majdanek concentration camp can be a harrowing but necessary experience. Among the many museums here, one can visit the National Museum, the Polish Aviation Museum and the Czartoryski Museum to name but a few.Lesser Poland holidays can also be full of natural splendour with nine major national parks being located here. The Tatra National Park is one of the biggest attraction for tourists in Lesser Poland. For a close and intimate connection with nature, travellers to Lesser Poland shouldn't miss out on a visit to underground spas of such as Rabka and Solec-Zdroj, which will gloriously rejuvenate, relax and pamper your mind and body.The wooden churches in this region are also a fabulous sight to behold. Places like Binarowa and Debno boast churches that are testimony to the medieval Roman Catholic churches. Depending on the churches you visit, you can see heavy influences from the Baroque period and the Rococo style as well.
One of the best ways to enjoy a holiday in Lesser Poland is to opt for staying in Lesser Poland apartments. Such accommodation is available all over Lesser Poland and depending on personal budgets and preferences, one can also opt for a bed and breakfast facility. Krakow also has plenty of places for the weary traveller to rest their head and some of the best Lesser Poland apartments are available in this county.Most of the Lesser Poland apartments come with a choice of number of bedrooms, laundry facilities, self catering and television and internet connections as well. There are ski chalets to choose from as well, depending on what time of the year you visit Lesser Poland.
If you have enough time, it's possible to make a round-trip through the Eastern European countries. Along your route,the following regions are worth-seeing:
This is where you can find your reminder list,
recently viewed accommodations and lots more!


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I was busy this week, but not nearly as much as the week(s) before. Also, I hope you liked videos this week, but even if you didn't, there was more for you 'round these parts.
Blog: KidVid Tournament 2014!, My Annual Post About "Felt Around the World", KidVid 2014 Tournament Semifinal #1: Alison Krauss vs. Frances England, Listen To This: We're a Club in the Woods - Bears and Lions, KidVid Tournament Semifinal #2: Karen K and the Jitterbugs vs. Duke Otherwise
Videos: "Domingo the Flamingo" - Laura Doherty
Listen to Music: Australian Playground - Putumayo Kids (Various Artists), 'Til the Morning: Lullabies & Songs of Comfort: Edie Carey & Sarah Sample, Cat Doorman Songbook (Sampler) - Cat Doorman
Free Music: None this week
Kids Music Reviews: None this week
iOS Apps: Petting Zoo (Animal Animations) - Fox & Sheep / Christoph Niemann
Upcoming Releases: Constantly updating...
Kindie Week in Review: Ep. 56: Poems About Anna and Elsa
My Other Other Gig: None this week
Bake Sale: None this week


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TRENDING: Fitness trends for 2018
2017 IS coming to an end and if you're looking for something different to add to your fitness regime in 2018 and mix things up a bit, we've listed some of the biggest trends to look out for.
For the last 10 years the American College of Sports and Medicine have been conducting surveys of over 1000 health and fitness professionals worldwide to see what the biggest trends in the industry are and what gyms, bootcamps and personal trainers will be offering their customers.
So what will be the new trends that fitness professionals will be adding to their workout routines?
Fitness expert Donna Noble, The Noble Art of Yoga and Wellbeing says: "New trends and technology are always being developed in the fitness world, but also old trends evolve to stay fresh and exciting - adding a new wrinkle to your routine can be refreshing and give you a boost to your fitness classes".
So why not try something new in 2018? Here are the worldwide fitness trends.
1. High-intensity interval training: People who are health conscious but struggle to find time to work out are more attracted to HIIT training. HIIT training involves short bursts of activity followed by a short period of rest or recovery. These exercise programs are usually performed in less than 30 minutes.
2. Group training: Group exercise instructors teach, lead, and motivate individuals through intentionally designed larger group exercise classes (more than five or it would be group personal training). Group programs are designed to be effective sessions for different fitness levels and are motivational with instructors having leadership techniques that help individuals in their classes achieve fitness goals.
There are many types of classes and equipment, from aerobics and bicycles to dance classes. Group exercise training programs have been around for a long time and have appeared as a potential worldwide trend since this survey was originally constructed.
However, it was only in 2017 that group exercise training made the top 20, appearing at number 6. None of the respondents could explain why group training has become popular, so it will be interesting to watch this trend in 2018 and beyond. Note that this is a general trend for larger exercise classes and not specialty classes such as Zumba and other dance classes.
3. Wearable technology: I hear a lot of people talking about how many steps or how many calories they've burned that day and it's all though the wearable fitness technology they're wearing. Fitness trackers, smart watches and GPS tracking devices are everywhere now and it's still a new industry that will only get bigger.
4. Body weight training: Body weight training has been used previously, in fact, people have been using their own body weight for centuries as a form of resistance training. But new packaging, particularly by commercial clubs, has now made it popular in all kinds of gyms and health clubs around the world. Typical body weight training programs use minimal equipment, which makes it a very inexpensive way to exercise effectively. Although most people think of body weight training as being limited to push-ups and pull-ups, it can be much more than that.
5. Strength training: Strength training remains a central emphasis for many health clubs. Incorporating strength training is an essential part of a complete exercise program for all physical activity levels and genders. (The other essential components are aerobic exercise and flexibility.)
Read every story in our hardcopy newspaper for free by downloading the app.


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A good leader is expected to always remain in control of his emotions.
But like it or not, things don't always go according to plan, and leaders, even good ones, are prone to emotional outbursts. And if stress is not recognized and corrected early, it usually snowballs into bigger problems.
So, it is imperative that a leader remains calm at all times. As you may have experienced, situations only tend to get worse when approached with stress.
10 ways to reduce stress in your life
1) Tidy up your workspace/room.
A cluttered room or workspace is a great way to build up stress. I have noticed that removing all unnecessary items from my desk (all I have on my desk is my laptop and a glass of water), making my bed every morning, etc. keeps my mind really calm.
"The objective of cleaning is not just to clean, but to feel happiness living in that environment." -Marie Kondo
2) Tidy up your inbox/computer/desktop.
Since we spend a lot of time on our computers and smart phones, keeping them clutter-free is as important as keeping our physical workspace clean. For example, until recently, I had close to 7,000 unread e-mails in my inbox. So I sat down for three hours and cleaned up the entire thing. Once I was done, I felt incredibly relaxed and peaceful. So make sure you don't let things get out of hand in the virtual world.
"One way to organize your thoughts is to tidy up, even if it's in places where it makes no sense at all." -Ursus Wehrli
3) Speak your mind.
One of the sources of stress in my life was my roommate. He used to go to bed late and would always play video games loudly late at night when I was asleep. So, the second or third time I was disturbed, I got up from bed and talked to him about this. This helped a lot as I let go of the anger in me and also because the noise stopped. So, if something needs to be said, say it.
"Stand before the people you fear and speak your mind, even if your voice shakes." -Maggie Kuhn
4) Pinpoint the source of your stress.
Stress is not always general. Sometimes, specific events or people can stress you out. For example, a job interview scheduled for tomorrow may be causing you stress today. In my experience, the best way to deal with such situations is to do everything you can to address it and leave the rest to god/fate/luck.
5) Give up control.
Trying to control situations too much can cause stress. Don't misunderstand me, leaders should always be in control of a situation but shouldn't expect to be in control of its outcome. A good leader adapts to whatever turn a situation takes and is always ready for anything. Using the interview example from above, I do my best to prepare for it and then relax. Because I know that there will always be unexpected events no matter how well I prepare.
6) Take a break.
If you've been working hard on something, taking a short break to get away from it all is always a good idea. Taking a walk, playing with an animal or a baby, watching television, listening to calming music, taking a nap and exercising are all great ways to de-stress. Find out what helps you relax.


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I'm so excited that Fall is here! Hopefully the cooler weather will be here soon. I'm crossing my fingers. I know most people love the warmer weather, but I'm not one of them. It wasn't too hot this morning, so we took the dogs to the park.
Liesl's a happy girl!
Baby Armadillos! How cute!
I love this time of year!


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A few weeks ago, my wife and I spent a weekend in the Scranton, Pennsylvania area. This was an opportune moment to pay a visit to the Steamtown National Historic Site. There was not enough time to go on the steam ride to Moscow, PA but plenty to take look around the museum.
Here are a few highlights from our visit:


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Kings' Kopitar hopes to provide offense vs. Canadiensby Sean Farrell
KINGS (15-9-5) at CANADIENS (18-10-2)
MONTREAL -- Anze Kopitar and the Los Angeles Kings are ready to face the Montreal Canadiens at Bell Centre on Friday.
Kopitar scored his first goal in 11 games Thursday and Los Angeles ended a two-game losing streak with a 5-3 win at the Ottawa Senators.
Kings coach Darryl Sutter acknowledged Kopitar's lack of offensive production recently is cause for concern.
"Sure it is. (Kopitar's) a point-per-game guy," Sutter said. "He's still our most complete forward in terms of the whole package, but at the same time you want him feeling good about his game and his numbers too, and how he's playing, so I was the happiest guy in Ottawa last night to see (Kopitar) score."
Kopitar has six goals and 13 points in 26 games. He had four assists over the course of his 10-game goal drought, and was held without a point in eight of those games.
Nonetheless, he said he wasn't overly worried about his offensive struggles.
"No, I don't think it concerns me," Kopitar said. "I think we have a lot of guys that can produce on any given night and it's just the way it goes sometimes that nobody's really producing right now, but we're going to make it through."
Sutter expects a tough game from the Canadiens, who defeated the Vancouver Canucks 3-1 on Tuesday in their first home game following the death of legendary Montreal center Jean Beliveau.
"They'll be fresh. They've been off for two or three days and we'll go out and play our game," Sutter said. "They're a fast team, they've got obviously a world-class goalie and defense that can move the puck, so we've got our hands full."
Kings defenseman Drew Doughty won an Olympic gold medal with Canadiens goalie Carey Price at the 2014 Sochi Olympics.
"Carey's a great goalie," Doughty said. "Both (Kings goalie Jonathan Quick) and him are, I think, two of the top three, four goalies in the world, no doubt about it, so it's going to be tough to beat Carey tonight. We've got to get bodies in front of him because if he sees pucks he's not going to let any in. He's one of our targets, obviously."
After facing Senators captain Erik Karlsson on Thursday, Doughty will match up against another of the NHL's elite defensemen for a second straight night in Montreal's P.K. Subban.
"I always obviously want to outplay the opposing team's best defenseman. I think [Thursday] I did it for sure, [Friday is] going to be a tough challenge. P.K.'s a good player; I'm going to have to outplay him if we want to win the game."
Here are the projected lineups:
Marian Gaborik – Anze Kopitar – Justin Williams
Tanner Pearson – Jeff Carter – Tyler Toffoli
Dustin Brown – Jarret Stoll – Trevor Lewis
Kyle Clifford – Mike Richards – Dwight King
Scratched: Jamie McBain, Jordan Nolan, Slava Voynov
Injured: None
Max Pacioretty – Alex Galchenyuk – Brendan Gallagher
Jiri Sekac – Tomas Plekanec – Sven Andrighetto
Michael Bournival – David Desharnais – PA Parenteau
Brandon Prust – Manny Malhotra – Dale Weise
Alexei Emelin - Sergei Gonchar
Scratched: Eric Tangradi
Injured: Mike Weaver (concussion), Lars Eller (upper body), Bryan Allen (flu)
Status report: Subban missed practice Thursday because of the flu, but is expected to face the Kings. Eller will miss his third straight game and is expected to be out for another two weeks because of an upper-body injury he sustained Dec. 5 in a 4-3 loss at the Chicago Blackhawks.
Who's hot: Muzzin had a career-high three assists Thursday. He scored two goals in the Kings' two wins against the Canadiens last season. Andrighetto has a goal and an assist in his first two NHL games. … Plekanec has a goal and two assists during a three-game point streak. Subban has six points in his past six games.


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Legislation – Fix NICS 2017
Gear Whore – Smith&Wesson 686 .357 Magnum revolver with custom work from Patriot Gun Polishing and Bob's Shooting Supplies.
Mad Minute– Stop using the "average " from defensive gun use statistics to only practice at close range. AKA " the 3 foot sniper"
Training Tips – Practicing to hit at longer distances with handguns.
Tip for the new gun owner – Buy standard velocity defensive ammunition
Gun Culture – YouTube shutting down gun channels.
What's next– 2018 calendar is being scheduled now.
WEEKLY SHOUTOUT: Alan "The Ambassador " Wong


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Walkway over the Hudson on a clear day, to the north: Albany
To the south - Manhattan
Down the middle -
A perfect ending to a good day. We live in a place of beauty and we appreciate these moments.
What I find most interesting is this curious fact - I am one who can be undone by height. It's a phobia that runs strong and deep - and travels back to childhood. When my son and his girlfriend asked me to walk the bridge, I hesitated. The first time I walked this bridge, fog blanketed the entire length and stay of our outing. There was no fear, as I could not see the water. But on this clear bright evening, nothing is left to the imagination... it is a tremendous height from bridge to water. My legs were rubbery. I fixed my sights on these young people, laughing, alive, completely in the moment. Unafraid.
I relaxed and the fear slipped away. So much gratitude have I, to have NOT declined, to have gone along and enjoyed these moments, to have established this potent memory. Many thanks to Andrew and Merilee...
On the fiber front - I went to JoAnn today - my LEAST favorite place, for some embroidery floss. Look what I found:
Cherries. Orange polka dots. Heaven. There are two little girls in my life that need summer tops. I think that I made good selections - really, how can one ever go wrong when cherries are involved?
And lastly, my New Dawn rose is chumming it up with her perennial boyfriend - the clematis that needs no introduction - I mean really, aren't these two made for one another? Summer romance - so sweet, so fleeting!
Wednesday, June 9, 2010
3 comments:
- Jackie said...
What beautiful photos of the bridge and a story that I can relate to as well. Height is definitely difficult to overcome, but good for you! Which bridge was this? Looking forward to seeing that girly top.
- June 9, 2010 at 5:49 PM
- Exuberant Color said...
I don't like heights either, and especially not over water. I don't even like driving over long bridges.
- June 9, 2010 at 7:18 PM
- Bea said...
I love walking bridges. I'm so glad that being with the unafraid made you more relaxed so you could enjoy it more.
- June 13, 2010 at 8:31 AM
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Monday, January 31, 2005
All About Radishes
While red radishes are ubiquitous, radishes actually come in lots of colors and sizes. White ones, purple ones, daikon radishes and black ones. Radish comes from the Latin work radix meaning root; they are part of the mustard family. Makes sense, doesn't it? They can be mild or have a mustardy bite to them. They are really an ancient vegetable, in fact there are records of the Egyptians and Romans eating them. Historians suspect they originally may have come from Asia.
I discovered black radishes when they came in my organic produce box, a while back. At the time I had no idea what to do with them so I followed a recipe for Radish Pasta. I sliced them thinly, cooked them and their greens and some chopped onions and tossed them with penne pasta and parmesan cheese and olive oil. This was first time I ever cooked radishes and I was hooked. It turns out you can cook any kind of radish. You can roast them like any other root vegetable, you can saute them or even simmer them in a little water and glaze them with butter and brown sugar. I know this might sound weird but radishes are amazingly versatile.
If you want to experiment with black or Spanish black radishes as they are sometimes called, don't peel them, just scrub them well and use a bit of salt if they are too strongly flavored. I think they are great cooked, but you can also grate them into vegetable salads to add a little bite. If you're stuck in a green salad rut, sliced or grated black radishes also taste great combined with carrots, apples, endive, cabbage or arugula...


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Fore The Harbour
Lake Zurich | Website
This event occurred in the past.
Map | Find Parking
Enjoy a day of golf with The Harbour. The entry fee includes a day of golf, lunch, goody bags and an awards reception. There are hole contests, raffles and more throughout the course. For more information and to purchase tickets, call or email Rosie at email@example.com.


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One Colorado
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Friday, August 8, 2014 at 8:03 a.m. by Sascha Bos
This week is all about food and culture: on Sunday, head over to Pasadena for a free, BYO-fruit, jam-making workshop. And on Monday — or any day, really — get in on the combination literary event and drinkfest that is #90for90. Make...


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Teenager rescued from River Thames after YouTube dare
A teenager was rescued from the Thames near Westminster after jumping into the river for a prank.
The 16-year-old, who was rescued by Tower RNLI, said he had been dared to jump in so his friends could upload video footage to YouTube.
Helmsman David Norman said: "Peer pressure can be a very powerful thing... it nearly cost a young man his life."
The boy was handed into the care of London Ambulance Service.
Tower RNLI said it was already on a call near Waterloo Bridge on Sunday when crew members heard radio traffic saying a person was in the water near Westminster and tended to the boy.
Mr Norman said: "We learned afterwards that his mates had dared him to jump from Westminster Bridge.
"People just do not realise what the conditions of the River Thames can be like.
"It can be very cold - granted, not so much at this time of year - but the currents can be vicious."


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// jacket - Vila // shirt & shoes - Zara here and here // jeans - Sisters Point // bracelet - Georg Jensen here //
This weekend my husband and I went to our favorite spot to take these pictures for my blog, and on our way there it started absolutely pouring down with rain, I mean it's the most rain in one day I've seen in several months. But that did not stop us, we quickly took these photos and ran to seek shelter.
I really love rainy days, they are so cosy. I mean when you're sitting inside underneath your blanket, they're not very cosy when you're standing outside freezing and wet. But we did get home quickly and hid underneath our blanket for the rest of the day.
Hope you're having a great day! xo


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Before the Lions watched defensive tackle Nick Fairley fall into their lap, they tried to make an even bigger splash on draft day.
As mentioned in one-liners, the Lions tried to move up to acquire cornerback Patrick Peterson. Dave Birkett of the Detroit Free Press has some new details on the package of picks they attempted to use to grab the cornerback ultimately taken by the Cardinals.
The Lions offered their first-, second- and fourth-round choices to the Cardinals to go get Peterson, but Arizona declined. It will be an interesting trade to look back on in a few years.
Eight picks after Peterson, the Lions took Fairley. They nabbed Boise State receiver Titus Young with their second round pick. They later packaged their fourth-round pick in a deal to move up for running back Mikel Leshoure.
Time will tell if the Cardinals made the right move in turning down the deal. In something as unpredictable as the draft, we tend to think teams have a better chance of hitting a home run if they get more swings at the plate — even after the first round.


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Sunday, June 21, 2009
Metamorphosis Monday Twice Over
15 comments:
I think the gold roman shade looks great! I love shadow boxes. They can be used for so many special things.ReplyDelete
Hi Terri!ReplyDelete
Welcome to Met Monday! I love your beautiful treatment! How smart of you to think of adding the fringe...it's perfect! I love how it looks on your door...the gold and red against the stain of the door really feels rich. I wouldn't change a thing! Beautiful!
I think you did a great job with the door, and the shadow box for graduation is a wonderful display. LindaReplyDelete
Wow, what a pretty door !ReplyDelete
Way to create ~!
Hugs ~ Kammy
I think it looks very nice on the door!ReplyDelete
The roman shade is gorgeous and with the fringe even better. Love it. The shadowbox with the graduation items should be lovely too. Hugs, MartyReplyDelete
I just love your new shade. What a great idea for a graduation shadowbox. I have never made a shadowbos, but I always think they look nice.ReplyDelete
Thanks for sharing!
I think you did really well with the roman shade! It looks fantastic! I like the idea of grad things in your shadowbox!ReplyDelete
Be a sweetie,
Shelia ;)
I found your blog from blog hopping today :)
Thought Id say Hi!
:) Candy
I like the curtain on the door...and the shadow box looks great!ReplyDelete
Your shade is gorgeous! It creates such a warm and elegant look! I have a special fondness for shadow boxes too! :-) LauraReplyDelete
You now, I've done a lot of crafts. But somehow I've never done a shadow box! I would love to try this. And yes, I love that fringe! Really spices it up!ReplyDelete
Wow, those are great finds! Love that shadow box!ReplyDelete
The graduation collage in the shadow box is a great idea. And I love the roman shade.ReplyDelete
Love the idea to put the graduation memories in the shadow box! And your shade is fabulous.ReplyDelete


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occasions are exactly that, special. Give your dinner party, birthday party or anniversary
celebration that extra "BANG" and personal touch with a Cracker (Bon Bon).
Celebrate the occasion by making a traditional English Cracker (Bon Bon). Fill it with special treats and have fun when you share your Cracker with family or friends.
We have the "Snaps" which make your crackers go bang. They are available in Item # 4430010 - Packets of 10 snaps with full colour instructions or Item # 4430011 - bulk bundles of 144 snaps.
Only for sale in New Zealand due to shipping restrictions.
Packs of 10 - NZ$ 7.50 + $ 6.70 delivery
To make a cracker you will need.
Item # 5731000 - Cracker Tubes (120 x 50mm), or Cardboard Rolls, or light card to make inner rolls.
Crepe, or similar paper.
Adhesive Tape or Glue Stick.
Narrow Ribbon.
Assorted Ribbons, Tapes, Stickers, Glitter etc for decoration.
Your own special gift to include in your unique party Cracker, Jokes, Hats and Novelties. The choices are endless.
Cracker Tubes - NZ$ 17.00/ 10 with free freight - for other quantities please contact us
Hats (Item # 4430013) - pack of 10 hats or pack of 100
Jokes (Item # 662226) - sheets with 10 jokes/ sheet - $ 1.00 with free delivery when included with Snaps or for 5 sheets or more. For less than 5 single sheets, please contact us.
With a friend, each hold the snap, then give it a quick sharp pull for the BANG.


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FAQ - Commodities
FAQ - Commodities
What are 'Commodities'?
Commodities, in simple words, are goods that are unbranded and traded commonly. Gold, silver, rubber, pepper, jute, wheat, sugar, cotton etc., are some of the common commodities.
What is a 'Commodity market'?
A commodity market (just like the equity market) facilitates trading in various commodities. It may be a spot market or a derivatives market. In a spot market, commodities are bought and sold for immediate delivery, whereas in a derivatives market, various financial instruments based on commodities are traded. These financial instrument such as 'futures' are traded in exchanges like Multi Commodity Exchange (MCX) and National Commodity Derivatives Exchange (NCDEX).
Is the concept of trading in commodities futures new in India?
No. Commodity futures market was very much there in earlier times in India. In fact it was one the most vibrant markets till the early 70's. But due to numerous restrictions the market could not develop further. Now most of these restrictions have been removed, allowing for the development and growth of the commodity futures market in the country
What are 'Commodity Futures'?
A Commodity future is a derivative instrument for future delivery of a commodity. If you are buying a Gold future, it effectively means you are entering into a contract to buy a fixed quantity of Gold at a future date. The future date is called the 'contract expiry date'. The fixed quantity is called the 'contract size'. These futures can be bought and sold through the computer terminals that are connected to the exchanges (MCX and NCDEX), just like the shares in stock market.
Who can buy/sell commodity futures?
Commodity futures can be made use of by any investor, producer, trader etc. For a producer of a commodity, selling of futures ensure that he can sell a particular quantity of his commodity at a particular price. For an investor, who is not interested in physical transaction of commodities, these futures act as good investments? A commodity trader can use futures to make sure that he is guarded against any change in prices.
What is the need for futures trading in commodities?
Futures trading in commodities results in transparent and fair price discovery on account of large-scale participation of entities associated with different value chains. It reflects views and expectations of a wider section of people related to a particular commodity. It also provides effective platform for price risk management for all segments of players ranging from producers, traders and processors to exporters/importers and end-users of a commodity. It also provides hedging, trading and arbitrage opportunities to market players.
Why should I invest in commodity futures? I am already investing in stock markets.
Commodity markets work independently of the equity market and debt market. You must have heard of investment advisors asking you to diversify your portfolio. What they essentially mean is to put your eggs in various baskets so that you are saved from any catastrophe. The commodity market is one such a basket, which allows you to diversify your risks. For e.g., when the stock market returns go down it is not necessary that the Gold prices also fall down. So if you are equity or a debt market investor you have all the more reasons to invest in commodities.
Are the commodity markets smaller in size than equity markets?
In the present condition, it is true. But world over the commodity markets are multiple times bigger than equities markets. In India, most of the commodity derivatives were introduced only from December '03. However the Government is contemplating various measures to make these markets bigger and lucrative. The MCX traded value was to the tune of Rs.8587.55 Crores on 20th January 2006 and NCDEX also clocked a record traded value of Rs.7197 Crores on 22nd August 2005. There are efforts going on to allow mutual funds to invest in commodities.
What commodities markets offer?
Commodities market essentially represents another kind of organised market just like the stock market and the debt market. However, commodities market, because of its unique nature lends to the benefits of a wide spectrum of people like investors, importers, exporters, producers, corporate etc.,
If you are an importer or an exporter, commodities futures can help you in the following way:
Hedge against price fluctuations – If you are an exporter of a particular commodity, the price at which you export is generally decided before-hand and so any fluctuation in your procurement prices affect your bottom-line substantially. Similarly an importer also suffers due to variations in the local commodity prices. Commodity futures help you to procure or sell the commodities at a price decided months before the actual transaction, thereby ironing out any change in prices that happen subsequently.
If you are a producer of a commodity, futures can help you as follows:
Lock-in the price for your produce
– If you are a farmer, there is every chance that the price of your produce may come down drastically at the time of harvest. By taking positions in commodity futures you can effectively lock-in the price at which you wish to sell your produce
Assured demand
– Any glut in the market can make you wait unendingly for a buyer.
Selling commodity futures contract can give you assured demand at the time of harvest.
If you are a large scale consumer of a product, here is how this market can help you:
Control your cost
– If you are an industrialist, the raw material cost may dictate the final price of your output. Any sudden rise in the price of raw materials can compel you to pass on the hike to your customers and make your products unattractive in the market. By buying commodity futures, you can fix the price of your raw material.
Ensure continuous supply
– Any shortfall in the supply of raw materials can stall your production and make you default on your sale obligations. You can avoid this risk by buying a commodity futures contract by which you are assured of supply of a fixed quantity of materials at a pre-decided price at the appointed time.
Who is the regulatory body for commodity futures? SEBI ? RBI ?
No, not the Securities and Exchange Board of India or the Reserve Bank of India. The Forward Markets Commission (FMC) is the regulatory body for commodity futures/forward trade in India. The commission was set up under the Forward Contracts (Regulation) Act of 1952. It is responsible for regulating and promoting futures/forward trade in commodities. The FMC is headquartered in Mumbai while its regional office is located in Kolkata. The address and other details are mentioned below
Forward Markets Commission, Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution, (Department of Consumer Affairs), Government of India, "Everest", 3rd floor, 100, Marine Drive, Mumbai - 400 002. Tel: (022) 22811262/22811429, Fax: (022) 22812086.
Email: email@example.com , Website: www.fmc.gov.in
How many exchanges are there in the country for commodities future trading?
There are some 21 commodity exchanges in India. However most of them are regional, offline (non screen-based) and commodity specific, hence these are almost inoperative. Significantly the government has recently allowed four national level multi-commodity exchanges to trade in all permitted commodities.
National Multi Commodity Exchange of India Ltd, Ahmedabad (NMCE)- - www.nmce.com. This is presently working on-line and trading in many active commodities like castor seed/oil, rapeseed and mustard seed/oil, aluminum, soybean/oil, pepper, gold, silver etc.
National Board of Trade, Indore (N-BOT)--www.nbotind.org. This is also presently working but not completely on-line, screen-based. In this exchange maximum trades are carried out in soy oil.
National Commodity and Derivative Exchange, Mumbai (NCDEX)-- www.ncdex.com. The exchange is being promoted by ICICI Bank, National Stock Exchange (NSE), Life Insurance Corporation and NABARD. It is more or less on the lines of the NSE of the capital market.
Multi Commodity Exchange of India Ltd, Mumbai (MCX)-- www.mcxindia.com. The exchange is promoted mainly by professionals and supported by Financial Technology (FT). The exchange has started operations from November 10 and has offered gold, silver and castor seed in the first phase of trading facility.
Which commodities are available for trading in derivative markets?
Initially following commodities in various categories are expected to be available for trading through both the exchanges (MCX and NCDEX):
Precious Metals
Base Metals
Oil and oil seed
Grains and pulses
Soft commodities
Spices and plantation
Many more commodities are likely to be added in due course of time.
Are any transaction duty charges imposed on commodity futures contracts, as in the case of stocks?
Although FMC does not levy any transaction charges as of now but the respective commodity exchanges have levied transaction charges. Transaction charges are in the range of Rs.4 to Rs.10 per lakh / per contract, which may differ for each commodity.
Do I need to pay sales tax on all trades? Is registration mandatory?
No. If the trade is squared off no sales tax is applicable. The sales tax is applicable only in case of trade resulting into delivery. Normally it is the seller's responsibility to collect and pay the sales tax. The sales tax is applicable at the place of delivery. Those who are willing to opt for physical delivery need to have sales tax registration number.
Are Options also allowed in Commodity Derivatives?
No. Options in goods are presently prohibited under Section 19 of the Forward Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1952. No exchange or person can organize or enter into or make or perform options in goods. However the market expects the government to permit options trading in commodities soon.
Are any additional margin/brokerage/charges imposed in case a client wants to take delivery of goods?
Yes. In case of delivery, the margin during the delivery period increases to 20-25% of the contract value.
How is it possible to sell, when one doesn't own a commodity?
One doesn't need to have commodity physically or to own a contract for the commodity to enter into a sale contract in the futures market. The contract is simply an agreement to sell the physical commodity at a later date or sell it short. It is possible to repurchase the contract before the maturity, thereby dispensing with delivery of goods.
How will the clearing and settlement take place?
The clearing and settlement will take place through institutions/banks arranged by the exchanges. NCDEX has tied up with NSCCL for clearing purpose. The clearing banks being Canara Bank,HDFC,ICICI,UTI Bank. MCX has tied up with HDFC Bank, BOI, UTI Bank, UBI and IndusInd Bank for providing clearing and settlement facilities.
What is the settlement date?
MTM will be cash-settled by exchange on T+1 basis i.e., next working day after the trading day. However in case of delivery, the settlement date may be five to seven days after the expiry as per contract specifications and exchange rules. The settlement procedure is also available on the related exchange site.
What will be the commodity derivatives market timing?
MCX and NCDEX : Monday to Friday, 1st session market hours of 10.00am to 5.00pm (All commodities) and 2nd session market hours of 5.00pm to 11.55pm (On selective commodities).
Saturday – 10.00 am to 2.00pm
Is there any notice period if someone wants to take or give delivery?
Yes. The buyer/seller has to give his intention for delivery for each contract as per rules and regulations of the exchange and contract specifications.
What is the date of expiry?
At NCDEX generally the contracts will expire on the 20th day of each month. If the 20th happens to be a holiday the expiry day will be the previous working day.
At MCX the expiry day will generally be the 15th of every month. If the 15th happens to be a holiday the expiry day will be the previous working day.
However the contract period and the expiry dates vary from commodity to commodity.
How many contracts will be available for futures trading? Of three calendar months as in case of equities?
Generally three or more consecutive calendar month contracts will be available and each contracts are valid for a minimum period of 3 months.
How much margin is applicable in the commodities market? How is it arrived at?
As in stocks, in commodities also the margin is calculated by VaR system. Normally it is between 4-10% of the contract value. The margin is different for each commodity. Just like in equities, in commodities also there is a system of initial margin and mark-tomarket (MTM) margin. The margin keeps changing depending on the change in price and volatility
Will there be separate trading terminals/systems for commodity futures?
Yes. Since the exchanges are separate, the VSATs, trading terminals, risk management systems, contract notes etc all will be independent of those for equity futures.
Is delivery mandatory in commodity futures contract trading?
No. It's not mandatory. However there is always a provision for delivery in commodity futures trading to ensure that the future prices are in conformity with the underlying. The right for delivery is normally with the seller; the buyer/seller has to express his intention for delivery about five to seven days before the expiry. However provisions vary from exchange to exchange. The market lot for delivery is normally different (higher than the trading lot). The contracts which are not assigned for delivery will be settled in cash.
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Volkswagen Group has said it will expand its vehicle assembly operations in China further than expected to keep pace with continuous growth in the Chinese market.
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by Kathy
(Chicago, IL)
We have a 10 year old male Goffins Cockatoo, Iggy, who has always been very healthy and boisterous. Recently, there are times when, for no apparent reason, he loses his balance and will fall off of his cage or wherever he is perched. When this happens, his left foot goes limp or he curls his toes completely together so he is just perching on the one right foot. Also, his left wing seems to involuntarily stretch all the way out. These episodes only last about 10 seconds, and they happen maybe two or three times per day. Sometimes when he is having an episode, he seems to not be able to see out of his left eye.
I am worried that he might be having seizures, however, I am not sure that there is anything that a vet can do, since birds are so delicate they are often not medicated unless it is for an infection or some such thing. I hesitate to bring him to a vet since the last time I took him to see a vet several years ago, the experience stresses him out so much.
Please advise. Thank you,
Kathy K
(Editor removed phone number)
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Surprise visit by YOG Ambassador Lindsey Vonn
Never one to take things slow, the Alpine ski racer enjoyed a whistle-stop tour of the Olympic Park. First stop the artistic gymnastics, where she met Team USA?s Savannah Vinsant, who will compete in the women?s trampoline competition later today (4 August). Lindsey, an Olympic champion herself, timed her visit well as she was able to watch Gabrielle Douglas win gold for USA in the women?s individual all-around.
Next, it was on to the Aquatics Centre for the swimming competition, where Lindsey joined Team USA in cheering on fellow YOG Ambassador Michael Phelps to victory in the 200m individual medley ? the 16th Olympic gold medal of his incredible career!
Thursday evening was topped off with some basketball as USA?s men took on Nigeria in the preliminary round, winning by a sizeable margin.
Over the next few days, Lindsey will get to as many sports events as possible to support YOG athletes, so look out for her in the crowd!