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Aired October 15, 2010 - 23:00 ET
(COMMERCIAL BREAK) ANDERSON COOPER, CNN ANCHOR: Good evening. Thanks for watching. Tonight a look inside the rescue that riveted the world and brought 33 miners back from a dark, underground dungeon that might just as easily have become their tomb. Thirty three miracle men; they were alive when the first drill bit reached them 17 days after the mine in Chile's desert caved in. From there on out, though, no miracle; just a remarkable human effort involving people, technology, and medical expertise from around the world. Down below, what might have turned into "Lord of the Flies" chaos instead became a 33-men democracy with miners organizing, choosing leaders, deciding on the honor of who would be the last to leave. While up above the race to save them was on, and so was the COUNTDOWN TO RESCUE. In the hour ahead we're going to take you inside that race, moment by moment, the challenges and setbacks, how they were overcome, the mechanical and human ballet that made it all possible. All the elements that led first to images of miners safe underground and then ultimately to the incredible sight of those men emerging one by one from weeks of darkness. We're going to start at the beginning with Tom Foreman. (BEGIN VIDEOTAPE) TOM FOREMAN, CNN CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): August 5th, 2:00 in the afternoon. 2,300 feet underground, a shaft collapses in the San Jose Copper and Gold Mine. Thirty three miners are somewhere behind the rubble, their condition, unknown. The Chilean president promises every effort to rescue them, but new collapses complicate the formidable task. August 12th, the miners' families have set up camp on the surface to keep watch on the drilling. A week has passed and an official says there is little chance the men survived. Relatives will later say they argued with that assessment from the start. WIFE OF TRAPPED MINER (through translator): I always told the media, every time I was asked, I know my husband is fine. I know he's alive. And I know he's keeping up all the others in the mine, because that's the kind of person my husband is. FOREMAN: Franklin Lobos' sister Magdalena never loses hope for a minute. MAGDALENA LOBOS, SISTER OF A TRAPPED MINTER (through translator): I had a call while at home and I was told that Frankie was gone. But I said no, no. Frankie is alive. They're alive and God is going to get him out of there. FOREMAN: So even as authorities hint that the search may need to wind down, the families are sending a clear message. Keep looking. UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: The 33 men have been trapped underground since August 5th. Their families prayed that they were alive. Those prayers have been answered. FOREMAN: August 22nd, a stunning breakthrough. An exploratory drill hits a chamber deep in the earth and comes up with a note attached. "All 33 of us are fine in the shelter." FRANCISCO SIREDEY, CNN CORRESPONDENT: Scenes of joy, tears of happiness in the outside of this mine, located at the northern part of Chile, about 450 miles north of Santiago, our country's capital. We said after 17 days we didn't know anything about them, the mining probe that was drilled down into the mine made contact with the shelter. The shelter was located about 2,250 feet below surface. And the probe, when they -- it came out with a piece of paper that had a message written on it, it said, "We are all right, that we are in the shelter, the 33 of us." LUIS MAMANI, BROTHER OF TRAPPED MINER (through translator): I'm very proud of my brother because he's strong and that's why he's been able to achieve this; to remain alive for 11 days. FOREMAN: Rescuers celebrate, too, knowing that technology and teamwork have produced a near miracle. PEDRO RIVEROS, RESCUER (through translator): All of you who brought us coffee, who brought us food, who made the logistics of all this possible. This is what brought this about. This country never gave up, and -- and we miners, we never will give up. FOREMAN: A phone line is dropped down, and rescuers above hear as if from beyond the grave, the trapped, exhausted miners singing the national anthem. Soon, a video camera is lowered, and the first, ghostly pictures emerge. The miners, through strict discipline and rationing, have survived 17 days on two days' worth of food. Now supplies pour down the pipeline while gratitude rises up. "Hello to my family, my children, my wife, my mom", one man says before he breaks into tears. "Thanks so much from all of my heart," another adds in the ghostly darkness. The miners have organized a chain of command. Each one has been given a job. They have times for work, for exercise, for relaxation. The routine has clearly kept spirits up. "Real soon we'll be out of here", yet another assures those above. But real soon runs smack into reality. Engineers studying the chamber where the miners are trapped have reached a daunting conclusion. It may take up to four months to bring them out. KARL PENHAUL, CNN VIDEO CORRESPONDENT: Up on this barren hillside, relatives have planted a flag for each of the miners trapped underground. Thirty-two Chilean flags, one Bolivian flag. And as long as it takes, the Chilean government is vowing to bring each one of them home alive. (END VIDEOTAPE) COOPER: I want to bring you our Karl Penhaul now, who was the first for CNN on the scene; he got there just days after they were found alive. Karl, when the first drill that came through and the miners attached a note to it, and we have some pictures of the note, the President of Chile held up the note, what -- do you -- what did the note say? And -- and -- I mean, did -- did the people who were drilling know that they were alive? Or were they just kind of seeing what would happen? PENHAUL: No, they had no knowledge or, in fact, after all this period, 17 days, and the difficulties it was sending the probe into the mine, the one of the reasons, the difficulties of putting that probe into the mine and locating exactly the refuge area was because the mine map supplied by the mining company was so out of date they didn't know where the refuge was, according to those maps. So really it was sticking a whole series of different probes into that hillside, the proverbial needle in the haystack. So after the 17 days they came up to the refuge. They didn't know if the men were alive. And so what the men did was bang, bang, bang on the side of that drill with a spanner to send a vibration up the tube. They painted the tip of the drill red to let them know and they taped on two notes. The first note written by Jose Ojeda, which said, "Estamos bien en le refugio los trenta y tres" (ph). He said, "We're in the refuge, the 33 of us, we are well." And that, when that got to the surface, was the most miraculous message to the rescuers on top. They didn't believe that all 33 would have made it. They didn't believe that they would be able to hit the refuge; by that time they were almost giving up hope. But there was a second note attached to that drill bit as well by the oldest, most veteran miner, Mario Gomez, 63 years old, to his wife. And I remember the words at that and it starts off, "Dear Lila, I'm well. Thanks to God, we will make it out of here." COOPER: Karl, when you first arrived, how organized was it? PENHAUL: Well, the families themselves were very organized, because they had been there already 17 days, standing vigil for these miners. It was really the families that drove the whole initial phase of this rescue operation, because they clearly said to the government and they clearly said to the mine company, "You will give us back our loved ones, dead or alive. If they are dead, you will burrow down and bring their bodies back. And if they are alive, you will find them." So they had organized themselves physically into one large group. Of course, they were living under very rudimentary conditions. People who had the warmth of their own homes in a city, had gone up to the middle of the Chilean desert and were camping out in the boiling hot days, and in the absolutely frigid nights -- Anderson. COOPER: And -- and for the miners down below, those first 17 days, I mean, I think those -- that's really the most extraordinary of all. Because they really -- it was completely -- they were left up to themselves. They didn't know if -- if anyone was going to be able to find them. They didn't know if anybody knew they were alive or everyone just assumed they were dead. And they really kind of organized themselves. They started rationing food, and -- and they really were responsible for their own survival in those times. PENHAUL: Those 17 days are the most key and the most amazing period, from what I can figure out from the early interviews. Now, of course we're hearing that the miners have some kind of pact of silence, so we're not hearing full details. But the details that I have so far heard from those miners, they had 120 cans of tuna between 33 of them. That meant that they'd rationed out half a plastic spoonful of tuna per miner a day. They organized themselves into work groups but even so they say they couldn't see a hand in front of their faces for those first 17 days. It was so dim. And then, the issue, the shift foreman there, Luis Urzua, stepping up and saying, guys -- he said -- he said, in some comments that we have from him, that he decided that his only leadership quality would be to tell the truth to these men, and at one stage he said I'm going to tell you straight, guys. "We may make it, but more likely we're going to die." And it seems that the men really appreciated that kind of honesty, though -- although it shocked them. Some of those men just fell to the floor and literally didn't get up for a couple of days until their colleagues rallied around them. But he told it to them straight, and said, "We may make it out of here, we may not. And the men soon have taken that onboard they say for the first 17 days we were aware, they may find us and if they find us, they find us. If not, not." COOPER: Well, amazing. Amazing. Karl, I appreciate all your reporting in these long weeks and months. Thanks very much. When we come back the three-way race to drill the rescue shaft into the mine: the American whose team made it there first and one chilling moment when the drillers heard a bang far down below. (BEGIN VIDEO CLIP) UNIDENTIFIED MALE: That was what we didn't want to hear was something like that, because we still hadn't punched through into the mine. And so it was -- it was definitely a -- a heart stopper. We're thinking, man, something -- something goes wrong in the last minute. (END VIDEO CLIP) (COMMERCIAL BREAK) (BEGIN VIDEO CLIP) (TRAPPED MINERS SINGING CHILEAN NATIONAL ANTHEM) (END VIDEO CLIP) COOPER: Thirty-three miners alive, apparently well, but this was a good news/bad news story taken to a chilling extreme. The bad news: 33 men, all different ages, physical shape, temperament, might be stuck underground until Christmas -- four months down below. How would they endure, let alone thrive, as they did? Tom Foreman picks up the story. (BEGIN VIDEOTAPE) FOREMAN (voice-over): August 31, after a message of support from the Pope and a careful review of plans, tunneling to the chamber begins. Three tunnels will be drilled simultaneously, dubbed simply plans A, B and C. PENHAUL: A key piece of machinery, part of the machine that will be used to drill a hole down to the shelter 700 meters in the ground where the miners are, is now being moved into place. FOREMAN: Plan A relies on a drill used to make ventilation shafts, cutting straight down to the chamber. Plan B uses a drill for digging water wells, and will come in from an angle. And Plan C will involve a drill used for oil exploration. Experts from around the world have been called to consult on the engineering and the welfare of the miners. DR. JAMES POLK, SPACE MEDICINE DIVISION CHIEF, NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION: This is an operation that's probably unprecedented in scope. Never have so many been trapped for so long so deeply. FOREMAN: The miners themselves are apprised of the rescue plans, and approve. UNIDENTIFIED MINER (through translator): "We are more calm with the video you sent us. Everything upstairs is exactly the way we imagined it." FOREMAN: September 6th, a problem. The B drill, which seems to be making the best progress, breaks and must be repaired. RENE AGUILAR, RESCUER WORKING TO SAVE TRAPPED CHILEAN MINERS: Obvious, they are a little anxious because of the -- the problems that we -- we had with the Plan B, but everything is understandable right now for them. UNIDENTIFIED MALE: And you're still on schedule? AGUILAR: Of course. FOREMAN: Throughout the month, the waiting and drilling go on. Electricity and lights are fed down to the men, who have lived in utter darkness, except for occasional use of their helmet lamps. Through the small bore holes, mail is sent from loved ones above, clean clothing is pushed down, oxygen, water as well. The miners have asked for a Chilean flag and some religious objects, including a crucifix. Concern over their health persists. Many have lost weight and are sending messages about their struggle. JAIME MANALICH, CHILEAN MINISTER OF HEALTH: They are not sleeping well. They -- they -- that they are very nervous, in some ways, depressed. NORMA LAGUES, MOTHER OF TRAPPED MINER (through translator): "I want to eat so many things. I'm hungrier than ever. All these days, I have been dreaming about my mom cooking for me." FOREMAN: By and large, they show remarkable resilience. UNIDENTIFIED MALE (through translator): I want to say thank you to all our families who had the courage not to abandon us. We know what you have done. UNIDENTIFIED MALE (through translator): We're calm down here. Conditions are not that good, but we know we will make it out. September 26th, as if to prove it, the capsule designed to bring the men up through whichever bore hole is done first arrives. It is red, white and blue, the colors of the Chilean flag. It is called the Phoenix. LAURENCE GOLBORNE, CHILEAN MINE MINISTER: Because I think it's a process of rebirth. What we expect is that we are going to have these miners out of this mine. And it's a sort of rebirth to a new life. FOREMAN: October 1st, everything speeds up. Officials unexpectedly announce the rescue, which many thought might take until Christmas, is now slated for the second half of the month. October 9th, word comes that drill B is bearing down on the miners. There's now sharp concern that the drill could cause a general collapse in the chamber. The final moments are nerve-wracking -- then -- victory. The path it has cut is narrow, twisting and will need to be shored up with steel pipe. But for the miners, it is golden. And three days later, the first rescuer steps into the capsule and descends. (END VIDEOTAPE) COOPER: Joining us now is one of the men responsible for punching that rescue down into the mine faster than anyone could hope. Jeff Hart knows drilling and knows life and death. His last gig was in Afghanistan. He's an engineer with the Layne Christensen Company. I spoke with him moments after the first miner was brought to the surface. (BEGIN VIDEOTAPE) COOPER: Congratulations. What was it like for to you see the -- this first man being brought out alive, after you have been working on this and your colleagues around the clock to make sure this happens? JEFF HART, LEAD DRILLER FOR THE MINE RESCUE: We worked real long and hard on that. And to actually see that capsule come through the first time through the hole that we drilled is -- is just unbelievable. We're all kind of in disbelief that we're a part of this. COOPER: You had more than a part, and your colleagues did as well, because you guys were working around the clock. There were three different drills, three different, A -- plan A, B and C. You were Plan B. You actually started later, but you broke through first. I heard you say that -- I read that you said this was the -- the most -- most difficult drilling project you have worked on. And you just came back from Afghanistan, where you were helping American forces drill wells. Why was this one so tough? HART: The geology and the strata here is very difficult to drill. It's very abrasive, extremely hard. It's got very broken parts in it. And so it -- it just -- it eats up bits. We had a hard time with the angle, keeping the bushings in the -- in the bits. And we just had issues, but together, as a team, everybody just kind of came together and we made this thing work. And it's an awesome feeling. COOPER: And were you manning the drill when it actually broke through, when it actually reached the miners? HART: Yes, sir, I was. COOPER: What was that feeling like? I mean, what -- did you actually -- did -- could you tell that it had gotten that close? HART: You know, we did. We -- we stopped 2.5 meters shy, just so we could make sure the miners could actually go down and measure to make sure our depths were correct. They did, over the phone, tell us, it is 2.5 meters. So, drilling the last couple of meters is obviously nerve-wracking. We could still have a failure at that point and lose the hole. So, until you're actually in the mine, it's -- it's not over. So, yes, we -- we -- we had a very nerve-wracking couple of meters there. And, then, in the last six inches we had something around the rig pop. Everybody's asked us about that. We still today don't know what that was. But -- COOPER: I -- I heard you -- you described it as the -- you thought your heart almost stopped. HART: You know, well, I tell you, that -- that's exactly what it was, because that was what we didn't want to hear is something like that, because we still hadn't punched through into the mine. And so it was -- it was definitely a heart-stopper. We're thinking, man, something -- something goes wrong in the last minute. So but it ended up, we watched the video that the miners had for us come through into the mine and everything worked out well. COOPER: You are a hero and not only to the people there, but to everyone around the world who has been watching, you and all your colleagues. HART: I appreciate that. Thank you much, Anderson. (END VIDEOTAPE) COOPER: When we come back: testing the shaft and the rescue pod, planning the rescue and choosing an emergency worker to make that first unknown journey deep into the earth, the man who would be the first into the mine and more than a day later the very last man out. (BEGIN VIDEO CLIP) UNIDENTIFIED MALE (through translator): Good luck. Good luck, Manuel. Imagine you're at the beach. Imagine you're at the beach. Good luck, my brother. UNIDENTIFIED MALE (through translator): Good luck. Good luck, Manolo. (END VIDEO CLIP) (COMMERCIAL BREAK) (BEGIN VIDEO CLIP) (CLIP OF MANUEL GONZALEZ BEING LOWERED TO THE MINE) (END VIDEO CLIP) COOPER: Such a dramatic moment, rescuer Manuel Gonzalez being lowered into the escape shaft. It happened at 10:19 p.m. Eastern time. He was literally charting the unknown. He was the first of six rescuers who would descend into that darkness. Now, remember, until that moment, the escape capsule had been tested unmanned and had never been all the way down. The tests had gone well, but there are never guarantees in any rescue operation, especially one on this scale. As Gonzalez and the capsule vanished from sight, the world waited with fingers crossed. And what we saw minutes later was truly extraordinary. Here's Gary Tuchman. (BEGIN VIDEOTAPE) GARY TUCHMAN, CNN NATIONAL CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): Sixty-eight days after the collapse of the San Jose Mine, the beginning of the end of the saga is now clearly in sight. The world gasps in disbelief at the images from more than 2,000 feet underground. It's the first time anyone outside the immediate rescue team has seen live video of the miners. There are cheers and hugs for the first rescuer, Manuel Gonzalez. He is the first person to have physical contact with the miners since August. The men appear in good shape, most of them in their underwear and shirtless in the 80-degree heat of the mine. Thirty-one-year-old Florencio Avalos switches places with Gonzalez. Up above, an anxious quiet falls over the rescue workers and families. There's also now a nervous silence among the 32 miners still underground. (on camera): We have been told this would take about 15 to 17 minutes for him to be brought up, but the wheel seems to be moving quicker than the wheel when they went down to get the miners. What's amazing, Anderson, is this. This is the ultimate live shot, I've got to tell you. This reminds me of when I was 8 years old watching Neil Armstrong step on the moon for the first time. That's the kind of awe that we have here. (voice-over): After 15 agonizing minutes, the top of the Phoenix emerges and Avalos finally reaches the surface. It's now 11:11 p.m. Eastern time; in nearby Copiapo, pandemonium. Avalos appears to be in good physical condition. Rescuers feared the miners would become dizzy during the long, bumpy ride, but Avalos walks out of the capsule unaided, wearing special sunglasses to protect his eyes from the glare of the rescue lights. He hugs family members, who are crying with joy at his return. He also hugs Chilean President Sebastian Pinera and other rescue workers before being wheeled into a nearby medical facility. During those long months of isolation, Avalos was the cameraman, filming video of the miners to send up to their families on the surface. Those families, even while celebrating Avalos' return, hope the other 32 survivors, including Avalos' brother, will soon climb one by one into the capsule for their own ride back to freedom. (END VIDEOTAPE) COOPER: Gary, Florencio Avalos, he had been the cameraman for a lot of the videos that we had been watching for -- for several weeks, and he was selected because he was -- he was in good health. But I don't think anyone realized, once he got to the top just, I mean, how good health he -- he seemed to be in. TUCHMAN: No. It was amazing. We didn't know what to expect, because these men had been underground for almost ten weeks, and the cage opened, he got out, and he was joyous, he looked refreshed. He was just so ecstatic obviously, and his little son was there with tears coming out of his eyes. It was just an amazing moment. It made us realize this was going to be an incredible day or two days -- we didn't know at the time -- of these emotional, amazing reunions that we would never get tired of watching. COOPER: Yes. Was there talk at all of sending up the weakest members first? Before they ultimately decided to send up two of the stronger members? TUCHMAN: The idea was they didn't know how this capsule called the Phoenix 2 would react, the first couple of times it went up. They'd tested it without human beings. A mine rescue official went down and that was successful but they didn't know necessarily, 100 percent sure, what would happen when a miner went up in it. COOPER: I don't think a lot of these rescuers get the recognition that they deserve. TUCHMAN: No. It was really amazing. That was one of the things we didn't know about, that so many rescuers would go down in the mine. But they were key, they made sure that everything was organized. They made sure that everyone was calm, that they were dressed properly, that they were mentally ready for the ride up. And it was nice. We covered the 33 men coming up, and that was a very happy moment, but then we continued to cover the important story of the six mine rescuers because it was still a risky ride. When the six of them got up, all 39 men, that was a cause for a major celebration. COOPER: No doubt about it. Incredible moment, Gary thanks. Florencio Avalos was the first miner freed but there were so many more reunions in the hours ahead over the next 24 hours. How it all played out. We'll show you ahead. (BEGIN VIDEO CLIP) (CLIP OF MINER RESCUED) (END VIDEO CLIP) (COMMERCIAL BREAK) ISHA SESAY, CNN CORRESPONDENT: Hi, I'm Isha Sesay. More COUNTDOWN TO RESCUE, AC 360 SPECIAL REPORT in a moment; first, a 360 "News and Business Bulletin". In Chile, a homecoming celebration for one of the rescued miners, all but two of the 33 men are out of the hospital tonight. Meanwhile, a gold mine has collapsed in Ecuador trapping four miners, rescue workers expect to reach the miners by Saturday, but it's unclear if they are alive. At a military hearing today, a soldier testified he captured the Ft. Hood shootings on his cell phone camera but was ordered to erase it by an officer. Major Nidal Hasan is accused of killing 13 people in the shooting spree last November. The hearing is to decide if he will be court-martialed. Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke says the fed might take new action to give the economy a boost due to high unemployment. And rapper T.I. is heading back to prison for 11 months after violating his probation with a drug arrest. More of COUNTDOWN TO RESCUE after this. (COMMERCIAL BREAK) (BEGIN VIDEO CLIP) (CLIP OF MINER RESCUED) (END VIDEO CLIP) COOPER: When Florencio Avalos stepped out of that escape capsule at 11:11 p.m. Eastern time, it felt like the beginning of the end, one miner safely out, breathing fresh air for the first time, hugging his family; living, smiling proof that the unprecedented rescue plan could work and maybe it would work for everybody. It was still a marathon ahead; 32 more miners still waiting a half mile underground. Would their nerves hold steady? Would the escape capsule hold up? They did, and it did. Over the next 24 hours, a real life drama unfolded in real time, so many incredible moments. Here's Tom Foreman. (BEGIN VIDEOTAPE) FOREMAN: Mario Sepulveda rose out of the earth, hugged his wife, then embraced his whole country. "I was with God and the devil," he said. God won. The long night ended for the youngest miner, Jimmy Sanchez, 19; for the only foreigner, Bolivian Carlos Mamani; and for Jose Ojeda who wrote the note that told everyone, "We're alive." At 63, Mario Gomez, the oldest, was the first freed in the new dawn. He kissed his wife and prayed. So did others. Esteban Rojas, trapped with two cousins, asked his wife to renew their wedding vows while below. She said yes. Edison Pena led sing-alongs of Elvis songs underground. Ariel Ticona's wife had a baby while he was below. Victor Zamora and his wife are expecting one. "I hope this new life ahead of you is happy," the Chilean president told him. So it went, around the clock. And finally, the last man, the leader for all the trapped miners, Luis Urzua. "You have been an inspiration," he is told. "The country is not the same after this." Then they sang the Chilean national anthem; a song of hope, unity and strength for people who have shown so much of all three. At last, the six rescuers who descended to help were brought up. The first one in was the last one out. Manuel Gonzalez waved and bowed to the camera so far below, then rode up to a tumultuous celebration. Then a talk with the president about the lessons of the disaster, the rescue, and the hope for the future. "I hope we have learned from this, and that Chilean mining will be different, he said. "I hope things that will be done correctly, that things will be done right. This is what I want." (END VIDEOTAPE) COOPER: Just amazing moments. Up next, how they did it. How the 33 miners survived. While trapped for more than two months under a half mile of rock and 17 days before they even knew whether or not anyone knew they were alive. We're going to take a close look at what it takes mentally to endure, with adventurer Bear Grylls of "Man vs. The Wild". (BEGIN VIDEO CLIP) BEAR GRYLLS, "MAN VS. THE WILD": I think one of the hardest things to deal with for the survivor is the not knowing. Not knowing whether rescuers ever going to be able to reach you. Not knowing if anyone is looking for you, you know. Those are really hard emotions to deal with. (END VIDEO CLIP) (COMMERCIAL BREAK) (BEGIN VIDEO CLIP) (CLIP OF MINER RESCUED) (END VIDEO CLIP) COOPER: That was Mario Sepulveda, the second miner pulled to safety leading the cheer. No mistaking his joy. He was glowing, pumped and it's hard to believe he'd spent more than two months underground. We saw over and over as the miners were pulled just how resilient they seemed and how happy, obviously, after all they'd been through. Few of us, of course, are ever going to come close to experiencing what they have experienced, thankfully. Not even Bear Grylls, who's host of Discovery Channel's "Man vs. Wild". He has made a career out of testing his own limits. We talked via Skype about what it takes to live through such extreme conditions. (BEGIN VIDEOTAPE) COOPER: From a survival standpoint, what really stands out to you about this story? GRYLLS: It's just -- it's such a long period of time, you know? It's hard to kind of get a grasp of just what it must be like to be underground for that amount of time. I've kind of endured storms on mountains, being stuck in snow holes for long periods of time, but we're always talking kind of days, rather than weeks and months, and you know, I think just, you know, the reality of what these guys have gone through is going to take a long time to recover. And I think what would happen is there would be a mass euphoria initially of those outpouring of emotion, but it's actually kind of -- that's a honeymoon period. The hard time I think for the survivors will actually be a month or two down the line when your body and your mind starts to process a lot of the emotions you've kept a lid on all that time underground. COOPER: The other thing that really stands out to me is that, especially those first, you know, 16 or 17 days after they've realized they were trapped, when they weren't sure if rescue was coming. They weren't sure if anyone was going to be able to find them. They're in pitch-black conditions. They're in a room about 600 or so square feet, there's 33 of them; that's got to be the toughest time even for guys who are used to being underground, just not knowing if anyone's going to actually find them. GRYLL: Really terrifying. And I think one of the hardest emotions to deal with for the survivors is the not knowing. Not knowing whether rescue is ever going to be able to reach you, not knowing if anyone is looking for you. Those are really hard emotions to deal with. I think once they realized there was a glimmer of hope, however small that glimmer was, then you could start to set into that routine. But that initial not knowing must be very frightening. I think also the fact that your senses become deprived of everything we take for granted like light, warmth, sleep, rest, even things like family, love, children, you know, you start taking all of that away from people, and you know, stuff happens and I think all emotions get very heightened. So the good emotions, the bad emotions, things get blown out of proportion. And I think for these guys, they pulled this off and survived this. It's something they should be so, so proud of and what an amazing experience for them to go through. COOPER: And for those first 16 or 17 days before the drill got to them, they were basically surviving on little pieces of fish -- I read mackerel and tuna -- that were already in the mine and also obviously water. How long can someone go just on that kind of a diet? GRYLLS: Well, you're into survival food then, you know? But your body can last up to like 40 days without food. They're on very limited rations, they can survive a while. But again, it's measured in weeks. And the important thing for them was water, which they did have. But again, you're really reduced to basic levels of life. And you know, you've got to just admire that fortitude and that courage and the way they must have had to work together. And it just shows that as human beings, when, you know, we're really put up against it, actually we're all survivors underneath it, regardless of how we see ourselves and we struggle with this, and struggle with that. But actually when we're squeezed, we're like grapes. You see what we're made of. And these guys should be really, really proud. Wow, what an amazing journey. COOPER: Is this an experiment you'd want to try on your show? Being underground for this long? GRYLLS: No. Three months, I won't last for long -- no. At the end, we tend to take about five or six days to film on "Man vs. Wild" and at the end of that I'm well, well ready to get out of there and get home. I admire these guys so much. I've been praying for them, and I'm so glad to see them on their way to safety. I once went 3 1/2 months without a shower and it took me about a month to smell normal again. So I don't know what these guys are going to smell like at the end. But what a journey and I'm so glad they're on their way out. COOPER: Bear Grylls, appreciate your time. Thank you. GRYLLS: Take care. (END VIDEOTAPE) COOPER: Up next, the unforgettable moments like this one, the rescue workers down below holding a banner that read "Mission Accomplished" after the last miner made it to the top. Gary Tuchman shares the special moments he remembers most, coming up. (BEGIN VIDEO CLIP) (CLIP OF MINER RESCUED) (END VIDEO CLIP) (COMMERCIAL BREAK) (BEGIN VIDEO CLIP) (CLIP OF MINER RESCUED) (END VIDEO CLIP) COOPER: That's Franklin Lobos, electrician in the mine, the 27th miner to emerge. He's a former professional soccer player, no doubt wanted to make sure his skills were still up to par. One of the most incredible moments was when the first rescuer to reach the miners, Manuel Gonzalez arrived in the underground chamber. We weren't even sure -- we didn't know we were going to get video images of that, but suddenly there it was, popped up on the computer screen. (BEGIN VIDEO CLIP) (CLIP OF MANUEL GONZALEZ'S DESCENT UNDERGROUND) (END VIDEO CLIP) COOPER: Being able to witness history of those miners' first contact with a human being from the outside world, first direct contact in more than two months. I want to bring in Gary Tuchman. Gary, so many amazing moments since this rescue unfolded and as you covered it. What really stands out for you? TUCHMAN: What stands out for me, Anderson, is when the first miner, Florencio Avalos, made it to the top. And the reason it was so significant is because we weren't 100 percent sure that this would be successful. It was very nerve-wracking. And once we knew that the capsule started moving and we were watching the wheel turn to the clockwise position which meant it was coming up. And we watched the rope getting pulled. We knew it would take 15 to 17 minutes for Florencio to make it to the top. But it seemed like an hour and 15 minutes, two hours and 15 minutes. Time went so slowly. Finally when we saw the top of the capsule come above the hole and saw this man in the cage, it was just amazing because not only do we know that this man was safe and that he was going to greet his beautiful family over there, but it made us realize we didn't need to be as tense. There was good cause to know it would be successful, and indeed, 32 more men, 32 more miners made it successfully out. COOPER: I sort of felt, watching it on television throughout the day, I kind of felt bad for the miners who got out later, because sort of the excitement of it, maybe for some of the spectators around the world had waned. For people there, though, it seemed like there was equal enthusiasm for everybody who came out. TUCHMAN: It was really incredible, Anderson, because I was watching it on a perch where we could eyeball the situation about 200 yards away. And I was with about 150 other reporters from all over the world. It was like the United Nations of journalism. And each and every time a rescue would occur, there were TVs about five minutes away from where we were standing doing our live reports. We would gather near the TVs when we weren't on the air, and everyone watched with equal interest and emotion, and we kind of forgot we were reporters, that we were just people watching it. We were caught up in it each and every time. COOPER: Yes. Well, Gary, appreciate all your hard work and your team as well, and all our reporters covering this story. Gary, appreciate it. Thanks. Of course the story is far from over. Thirty-three men and their families have begun their lives again. Begun them anew, some of the miners say. There are going to be a lot more stories to come. For now, though, that's our report. Thanks for watching. We'll see you next time. (COMMERCIAL BREAK)


text:
Accurate Screen and Grating opened for business in the fall of 2001 so our history has been short but eventful. From a 4,000 square foot facility in Calgary, we have built Accurate Screen to be a recognized leader in the fabrication and sale of Grating Products, Perforated Metal, Expanded Metal, Woven and Welded Screen, Stainless Strapping, Tie Wire and Architectural Sheet Metal. We now have over 50 employees who work out of 4 distribution and fabrication warehouses situated in Mississauga ON., Calgary and Edmonton AB. and Surrey BC. We also offer service in both English and French for our Quebec customers, and our plans include the opening of a distribution hub in Montreal within the next 24 months.
Our goal from day one was to bring quality products, competitive pricing and exceptional customer service to the industrial and commercial marketplace. Every day our employees coordinate internally and between branches to keep this goal, and our tag line of "products with holes, backed by solid service" alive.
If you are a new visitor, we look forward to the challenge of understanding your business and product requirements, and the opportunity to demonstrate the advantages of working with Accurate Screen and Grating. If you are an existing customer, we hope that you were fully satisfied with the product and service provided by our team and will allow Accurate Screen and Grating to again service your requirements in the future.
You can be assured that we will continue to support your business with the quality products displayed throughout this website, competitive pricing and trained responsive customer service.
Thank you for showing interest in, and supporting, Accurate Screen and Grating.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
What is Macroeconomics?
Scope of Macroeconomics
Uses of Macroeconomics
Macroeconomic School of Thoughts
Macroeconomics is the study of all the individual units of an economy i.e. households, firms, production units together. It studies the economic performance of an economy and how the use of government policy affects the economic growth.
Macroeconomic variables include inflation, unemployment, national income, growth rate, domestic income, international trade and many more.
Attach Files


text: Under-fire Australian Rugby Union (ARU) boss Bill Pulver has said he will resign immediately if called to do so at an extraordinary general meeting on Tuesday. The Victorian Rugby Union and the players' association called for the meeting last month, demanding more transparency over the ARU's decision to cut either the Melbourne Rebels or the Perth-based Western Force from Super Rugby. The ARU have agreed to cut one of its five Super Rugby sides as the competition contracts from 18 to 15 teams next season. South Africa have agreed to cut two teams and will announce which ones on July 7. However, the ARU has not announced a timeframe for its decision and it has been criticized for its handling of the process, which has left players and staff in the dark since early April. "If everyone in the room stood up on Tuesday and said, 'Bill, we think it's time for change now', I will step down immediately," Pulver told Fairfax media. "It's not an issue of anyone having to push me out. "If the members of Australian rugby felt the game would be better suited with me gone, they don't need to call an EGM. "I will do one sports administration job in my life and it's this one. I didn't do one before and I won't do one again. "I'm here for the good of the game. If and when it's time for me to leave, I will leave quite happily." The ARU has struggled to prop up five teams since the Rebels joined the competition in 2011 and on-field performances have plummeted since the New South Wales Waratahs won their maiden title in 2014. None of the Australian sides have posted a win over New Zealand opponents this season and while the ARU hoped to make a clean swing of the axe to cut costs and consolidate playing stocks, the threat of legal action from the Rebels and Western Force stayed their hand. "The feedback I have from virtually every state is they agree that we need to go from five to four," Pulver said. "Most people who understand the game appreciate that we need to go from five to four." With grave fears already hanging over the local game, the Wallabies' surprise 24-19 loss to Scotland in Sydney on Saturday will only add to the gloom at the EGM. The current Super Rugby season continues next month after the June internationals wind up.


text:
Can user add to an existing dataset
If I have a dataset put together, let's say it shows a name, a picture, a blurb and a contact method.
On my site, I have a content area which displays the dataset in the way I would like
Can my user use PowerCMS to edit/add data to the set?
If not, can I put a link to a backend that does allow them to edit the dataset and have them use PowerCMS to edit the static portions of the site? (in other words, can I combine two different backends into a single user experience?)


text:
Aurelia Schultz first heard of Creative Commons, a non-profit advocacy organization that offers individual authors, artists, photographers and other creators ways to protect and share their intellectual property, during her first year at Vanderbilt. She immediately realized that working there "would be my dream job."
Today, Schultz is living her dream as a full-time staff attorney with Creative Commons, a San Francisco-based non-profit organization that develops copyright licenses and offers legal and technical tools to facilitate sharing among authors, artists, musicians and others while protecting their intellectual property rights. "We create ways that creators can determine how others can use their works," Schultz said. "The creator can put a little symbol on their work, and that tells other people how they have permission to use it. We've recently expanded our focus so that we're also looking at patents."
Schultz achieved her goal with the help of a Google Policy Fellowship and Vanderbilt's Public Service Initiative. She was spending a semester as an intern with the Nigerian Copyright Commission in Lagos, a placement she garnered with help from Professor Mike Newton, when she discovered that Google had launched a summer Policy Fellowship program. Among the organizations where Google hoped to place future Fellows was Creative Commons, and Schultz promptly applied to serve as a summer fellow with the organization. She was selected from a pool of over 600 applicants to fill the single slot for a Google Policy Fellow at Creative Commons; her summer 2009 class of 14 Google Policy Fellows was only the program's second. "I think my experience working with the Nigerian Copyright Commission helped me get the Google Policy Fellowship at Creative Commons," she said. "In Nigeria, one of the biggest problems they're facing is that they don't have enough attorneys familiar with intellectual property law. During my semester there, I did some comparative studies, helped draft an Intellectual Property curriculum, and developed some activities for Copyright Clubs in high schools."
To serve as a Google Policy Fellow, Schultz had to delay taking the bar exam. "Google Policy Fellowships are awarded only to students, and only for one summer," she said, "so I had to start the fellowship immediately after I graduated from law school." When the fellowship ended, she faced a gap of four months before her review classes for the California bar exam would begin in January. "That's when the Public Service Initiative became incredibly helpful," Schultz said. "I approached my supervisor at Creative Commons and proposed that I keep doing the work I was doing through the end of the year, since Vanderbilt would pay me a support stipend," she said.
After Schultz left Creative Commons at the end of December to study full-time for the bar, she remained on the organization's email list as a resource for the legal work she had done. After the bar exam, Schultz again found herself in a holding pattern while awaiting the exam results. "My supervisor at Creative Commons invited me to come back as a volunteer with a small stipend," she says. "After a month, they switched me to part-time hourly. In July I was brought on full time. One of the reasons it was gradual is that my supervisor and I both wanted to make sure that there was really a need for the position, that we weren't just creating a job for me. As we kept looking around and exploring the different areas Creative Commons focuses on, they concluded they definitely needed someone in my position, and it was a perfect fit for me."
Three years before, Schultz also found Vanderbilt Law School a perfect fit, much to her surprise. "I applied to law schools from Zambia, where I was serving in the Peace Corps," she recalled. "I didn't have much internet access or other resources, so I applied to the schools that sent me brochures. One of those was Vanderbilt, which I had never even heard of. By the time I returned to the States, I had another school picked out and was ready to fill out the paperwork. But my dad insisted that I visit some of the other schools where I had been admitted. I was not thrilled. One day, I'm in a mud hut in Africa; two weeks later I'm staring out the window of my dad's car, barreling down I-65 to the South. I went to Nashville thinking it would be a one-time trip to humor my father; I left knowing Nashville would soon be home. I liked the law school immediately."
Schultz entered law school certain she was interested in studying and practicing international intellectual property law, and during her second and third years, she took several classes from international intellectual property scholar Daniel Gervais, as well as noted practitioner Mark Patterson's patent class and Judge Kent Jordan's trademark class. "I got a really good preparation for the work I'm doing now," she said. "And I also got my dream job right out of law school."Top of page


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It's a dancing elephant of a movie. It has a few decent moves, but you'd never call it light on its feet.
It's a dancing elephant of a movie. It has a few decent moves, but you'd never call it light on its feet.
Lithgow and Danner show us characters who may qualify for Medicare but are every bit as vulnerable and as eager to matter to someone as…
Roger Ebert on James Ivory's "Howards End".
"The Ballad of Narayama" is a Japanese film of great beauty and elegant artifice, telling a story of startling cruelty. What a space it opens…
An article about the reissue of "Two Weeks in the Midday Sun."
An article about Champ Clark's one-act play,"Wild Son: The Testimony of Christian Brando," currently running at Santa Monica Playhouse through May 26th, performed by John…
An article about the reissue of "Two Weeks in the Midday Sun."
Return now to those thrilling days of yesteryear.
One of our foreign correspondents looks at Cold War.
A Far Flung Correspondent takes a look at the Paul Newman classic The Hustler.
The latest Taschen book is an essential companion for lovers of animation.
A review of the newest film by Quentin Tarantino.
* This filmography is not intended to be a comprehensive list of this artist's work. Instead it reflects the films this person has been involved with that have been reviewed on this site.
A review of the new FOX reboot, "24: Legacy," premiering after the Super Bowl.
A review of TNT's "Agent X."
Picks for the best of the 2013-14 television season, in the form of a Dream Emmy ballot.
The Grand Poobah writes: "No man has a better wife than Chaz."
Marie writes: Intrepid club member Sandy Kahn has found another Hollywood auction and it's packed with stuff! From early publicity stills (some nudes) to famous movie props, costumes, signed scripts, storyboards, posters and memorabilia...
Marie writes: The ever intrepid Sandy Khan shared the following item with the Newsletter and for which I am extremely glad, as it's awesome..."Earlier this year, the Guggenheim Museum put online 65 modern art books, giving you free access to books introducing the work of Alexander Calder, Edvard Munch, Francis Bacon, Gustav Klimt & Egon Schiele, and Kandinsky. Now, just a few short months later, the Metropolitan Museum of Art has launched MetPublications, a portal that will "eventually offer access to nearly all books, Bulletins, and Journals" published by the Met since 1870."
Marie writes: the ever intrepid Sandy Khan recently sent me a link to ArtDaily where I discovered "Hollywood Unseen" - a new book of photographs featuring some of Hollywood's biggest stars, to published November 16, 2012."Gathered together for the first time, Hollywood Unseen presents photographs that seemingly show the 'ordinary lives' of tinseltown's biggest stars, including Rita Hayworth, Gary Cooper, Humphrey Bogart and Marilyn Monroe. In reality, these "candid' images were as carefully constructed and prepared as any classic portrait or scene-still. The actors and actresses were portrayed exactly as the studios wanted them to be seen, whether in swim suits or on the golf course, as golden youth or magic stars of Hollywood."You can freely view a large selection of images from the book by visiting Getty Images Gallery: Hollywood Unseen which is exhibiting them online.
(click to enlarge image)
Marie writes: If you're anything like me, you enjoy a good book cover as much as a good story; the best often speaking to inspired graphic design. Indeed, I know I'm not alone in my admiration...Welcome to "The Book Cover Archive" for the appreciation and categorization of excellence in book cover design; edited and maintained by Ben Pieratt and Eric Jacobsen. On their site, you can gaze lovingly at hundreds of covers complete with thumbnails and links and even the name of the type fonts used. Drool....
{click image to enlarge]
Marie writes: Next door, across a long narrow drive and beyond the row of cedar hedges which run parallel to it, there resides an elementary school dating back to 1965, along with an assortment of newer playground equipment rendered in bright, solid primary colors...I'm sure you know the sort I mean...
The grand Poobah writes: I have been assured by many posters on my video games blog entry that it took decades for the cinema to gain recognition as an art form. Untrue. Among the first to admire it was Leo Tolstoy, and I reprinted his late 19th-century reaction in my Book of Film. In 1908, Tolstoy and his family appeared in an early motion picture, and if you saw The Last Station (2009) you may want to compare your memories with the real thing. Here is some information about those in the film.
The Last Station (2009) Director Michael Hoffman. Cast: James McAvoy, Helen Mirren, Christopher Plummer, Paul Giamatti and Kerry Condon."The Last Station" focuses on the last year of Count Tolstoy (Christopher Plummer), a full-bearded Shakespearian figure presiding over a household of intrigues. The chief schemer is Chertkov (Giamatti), his intense follower, who idealistically believes Tolstoy should leave his literary fortune to the Russian people. It's just the sort of idea that Tolstoy might seize upon in his utopian zeal. Sofya (Helen Mirren), on behalf of herself and her children, is livid." - Ebert. You can read Roger's full review HERE.


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|Jepson Flora Project: Jepson Interchange
previous taxon |
next taxon
Jepson Interchange (more information)
©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
Annual to trees, some dioecious
Stem: nodes often swollen
Leaves simple, basal or cauline, alternate, opposite, or whorled, generally entire; stipules 0 or obvious and fused into a generally scarious sheath around stem
Inflorescence: small cluster, axillary or arrayed in cymes or panicles; involucres sometimes subtending 1many flowers
Flower generally bisexual, small, ± radial; perianth generally 56-lobed, base ± tapered, often jointed to pedicel; stamens 29, often in 2 whorls; ovary superior, styles generally 3, generally fused at base
Fruit: achene, generally enclosed by persistent perianth, generally 3-angled, ovoid, and glabrous
Genera in family: 50 genera, 1100 species: worldwide, especially n temp; some cultivated for food (Fagopyrum ; Rheum , rhubarb; Rumex , sorrel) or ornamental (Antigonon , coral-vine; Muehlenbeckia ; Polygonum )
Reference: [Ronse Decraene & Akeroyd 1988 Bot J Linn Soc 98:321371; Reveal et al. 1989 Phytologia 66(24):83414]
Treatments of the 15 eriogonoid genera are based on the monographic work of James L. Reveal, who is gratefully acknowledged.
Annual, perennial herb, glabrous or hairy, sometimes glandular
Stem generally scapose (made up of inflorescence axes)
Leaves basal (rarely some cauline); stipule 0; blade generally ± oblanceolate
Inflorescence open or of few heads, sometimes 1-sided; bracts generally opposite, leaf-like to scale-like; involucres 1several per axil, sessile, tube cylindric to bell-shaped, generally ± cross-ridged or net-veined, bracts (and ribs) 36, awns straight or hooked; flowers 12 per involucre
Flower: perianth white to red or yellow, lobes 6, entire to fringed or toothed; stamens 39
Fruit 1.54.5 mm, generally ± brown, glabrous
Species in genus: 50 species: temp w North America, sw South America
Etymology: (Greek: divided flower, from perianth)
Reference: [Reveal & Hardham 1989 Phytologia 66(2):98198]
Stem erect, 540 cm
Leaf: blade 1050 mm
Inflorescence: involucral tube 46 mm, urn-shaped, strigose, bracts 6, 12 mm, erect to spreading, awns hooked
Flower: perianth 4.56 mm, sparsely hairy, tube white to yellow, lobes red to purple, outer lobes spreading, notched, inner lobes erect, fringed; stamens 9
Ecology: Uncommon. Non-serpentine dry woodland, chaparral
Elevation: 200800 m.
Bioregional distribution: South Coast Ranges.Closely related to C. palmeri.
Flower: outer perianth lobes deeply notched, sometimes jagged
Chromosomes: n=20
Ecology: Habitat of sp.
Elevation: 200700 m.
Bioregional distribution: eastern Outer South Coast Ranges, w Inner South Coast Ranges (eastern Inner South Coast Ranges near Parkfield Grade, w Fresno Co.)
Synonyms: C. palmeri S. Watson var. b. (Goodman) Munz
Horticultural information: TRY.


text:
The Flip Side of Selling
So far, the Twins have found themselves playing a significant amount of games outside of the AL Central. While divisional matchups are all bound to get in eventually, it's of note for Minnesota given the poor quality of competition. Obviously the Cleveland Indians have the same opportunity to beat bad teams, but the Twins schedule sets up favorably. In September, 17 of the 28 games come against the White Sox, Royals and Tigers. In August, the club plays more than their fair share of games against Cleveland, as well as Kansas City.
What that means for Paul Molitor's squad is somewhat of an unknown at this point. Having recently faced both the White Sox and Royals, Minnesota is enjoying a nice five game winning streak. On the year, the Twins are just 12-10 against the three "poor" teams in the division, while owning a 6-3 record against Cleveland.
Beating bad teams, or the ones that you should beat, is what good teams make a habit of. Sitting eight games below .500 at the moment, Minnesota can't say they've capitalized on opportunities thus far. What makes things somewhat interesting, is that there's plenty of opportunity ahead.
I don't know that I believe this club can turn it around. On paper coming into the year, this should've been a very good team. The pitching has been there, but seeing very little from players like Dozier, Morrison, Sano, Buxton, and Kepler has crippled the offense. Should they all turn it around, we're talking about a much different outlook down the stretch. The Indians have their warts, and a clicking Twins team is more than capable of holding serve.
Derek Falvey and Thad Levine are stuck in the position of deciding whether or not they're willing to bet on their expected producers to turn things around. They've got roughly two more weeks to evaluate the progress, and while they could end up being sellers, don't really have a big trade chip of note.
Given what we've seen thus far, it's hard to bet on a group of five or six guys all turning things around and competing at a high level. If half of those players become assets however, we could be in for a bit of interesting baseball slightly longer than anticipated. The unfortunate flip side to this however, is that the middle ground seems to be where this is all trending, and that's hardly an enviable place to be. Not bad enough to grab a top third draft pick, but not good enough to make the playoffs, the success would then need to be measured on what you learned or the evaluation that took place.
While not dead, the Twins are on life support. They have a few key contributors that could help them to pull through, and if that takes place in even the slightest fashion, the opponents that wait down the road may be of assistance as well.
For more from Off The Baggy, click here. Follow @tlschwerz
- slash129 and nclahammer like this


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Good morning!
Yes, it's 9am and I'm baking cupcake pies. Don't judge me.
I am in love with that adorable Vegan Yum Yum blog, so I decided to make one of her sweet treats on my day off.
Delicious and tasty cupcake pies!!!
Those tiny pies are insanely yummy-looking. I don't like the idea of ground cherries (simply because they remind me of gooseberries which I don't like at all) so I decided to make black and blue cupcake pies!
Blackberries and blueberries were on sale this week! YEAH!
Dough Ingredients:
1 1/4 Cup All Purpose Flour
1/2 tsp Salt
1 1/2 tsp Sugar
1/2 Cup Cubed, Chilled Earth Balance Margarine
2 Tbs – 1/4 Cup Ice Water
Berry Ingredients:
A bunch of your favorite berries (about 3/4 cup)
To make the dough, according to Lauren, follow this recipe:
1. Add flour, salt, sugar, and butter into a food processor.
2. Pulse until the mixture looks like wet sand, with pea-sized lumps here and there.
3. Slowly drizzle in water while running the machine until the dough forms a ball. If in doubt, add less water as opposed to more.
4. Turn out the dough onto the counter and press to form a disc. Cover in plastic wrap and refrigerate for at least 1/2 hour.
I didn't have a food processor, or a pastry blender - I did things the 'rustic' (read: cheap bitch) way: two knives and a lot of slicing and turning the bowl around. Works just as well, but it takes a lot longer.
Now to the fun part!
1. Line a cupcake tin with cupcake papers. Spray lightly with oil. Place a
scant tablespoon of dough into the bottom of each cup. Using a small
glass dipped in water (one that has the same diameter of the bottom of
the cupcake cup), press the dough to form a bottom crust.
2. Take small pieces of dough and build up the sides of the cup with dough, making sure the walls aren't too thick.
3. Place the shells in the refrigerator for a few minutes to firm up.
4. Preheat the oven to 400º F. Remove the shells from the fridge and fill
to the top, slightly overflowing, with ground cherries (or whatever
fruit you're using).
(Since I used blackberries and blueberries, I chopped my giant blackberries in half so they would be the same size as the blueberries!)
After this, you'll want to mix 1/4 cup of sugar with 1/2 tsp of flour.
5. Add 1/2 to 1 tsp of the sugar/flour mixture to each cup, depending on how sweet you want your pies.
6. Cover the back of a cookie sheet with a sheet of plastic wrap. Add the
rest of the pie dough, and cover with a second sheet. Using a rolling
pin, roll out the dough to 1/4-1/8″ thick. Using a glass that has a
slightly larger diameter than the openings of the cupcake cups, stamp
out six pie crust tops. Place this in the freezer for a few minutes, or
into the refrigerator for 10-15 minutes.
*Note: I did not do this. I definitely just hand-flattened some piles of dough and just slapped them on top of the berries to form the top crust. I'm going to call all my lazy / cheap moves 'rustic' from now on. So this was the 'rustic' way of doing the top crust. ;)
7. Once chilled, you should be able to easily peel out the tops and place
them over your pies. Pinch the edges down, slash a X in the top with a
sharp knife, and sprinkle with sugar. You can do other types of tops,
such as lattice work, if desired.
8. Bake for 30 – 35 minutes, until golden brown. Let cool for several
minutes before gently removing them from the cupcake tin to cook
Deliciousness: 4/5
Perfect, buttery crust! The berries were bursting with juice and the pies were just sweet enough but not too sweet. I just kind of wish I had added some spice, like ginger or lemon zest or something. Other than that, delightful!
Prettiness: 5/5
Little baby pies!!!! SO CUTE!
Ease of Preparation: 3/5
Lots of chopping, refrigerating, waiting for things to settle down, etc. Not too difficult to get right if you just put a little work into it, though. :)


text:
This photo was taken in 1997 when I was brand-new in Kittanning. I had a decent digital camera for its time, an Epson PC-10, now a relic up on a shelf somewhere. Don Toy of Toy Bros Photography printed me two, maybe three copies, then asked me how I shot this picture 7 1/4″ tall x 20″ wide. Panorama photography had not yet been invented!
I remember smiling just a little bit as I reenacted my photo shoot. Holding my Epson camera up nearly at eye level, I said "click" while my right index finger pretended it was taking a picture, rotated about 10 degrees left, "click", rotated again, "click", and my last 10 degrees of rotation and click included the bridge. There's a bit more to it that that, you can ask me in person.


text:
Managers can view key reports, updates & alerts on their smart phone or tablet
Time Point™ Pocket Reporter provides people on the go with great real-time data as to how their workforce is preforming. Dashboards and reports, eReminders and alerts all happen in realtime, we unlock the time delay and ensure critical information can be viewed on your smart phone or tablet anytime and from anywhere.
Empower supervisors and managers with data they can use, to make faster decisions on critical issues and ensures the businesses budgets and HR policies are being enforced, right across the organisation. Now it's anytime, anywhere. Pocket Reporter ensures managers and supervisors who are not always at a desk are aware of issues and can resolve problems as they arise, with real-time reporting updates and alerts on how their workforce is performing throughout the day.
We believe connecting our workforce management system to key decision makers mobile devices reduces administration time, ensures customer service is maintained and labour costs are kept on budget.
Key Features
- Reports & dashboards in real-time
- Define the reports managers need
- Receive alerts, notifications & eReminders
- Act on Budget overruns before they occur
- Respond to Pending HR Policy Breaches
- View Key Performance indicators
- No-Shows, Late and early exit alerts
- View Data anywhere & at any time
- It's mobile - Your Office in your Pocket
Workforce Performance
Supervisors, managers and area managers on the go, can view and act on easy to read staff performance updates, on their smart phone or tablet.
- Easy to read dashboard reports on how your workforce is performing.
- Uncluttered, with meaningful data for supervisors, managers & area managers.
- Actual hours worked versus scheduled hours worked, week to date.
Pending Breaches
Set parameters to any pending budgetary and regulatory overruns. Receive real-time alters on basic or overtime labour costs, absence and lateness levels, to pending HR policy issues.
- Labour cost analytics, actual versus budget, week to date.
- Alerts on employee lateness, no-shows and early exits.
- Unplanned absence by reason and unauthorised arrivals.
KPI Summaries
Dashboards that visualise metrics in a streamlined experience on your smart phone or tablet when you're on the go, transform how managers receive their KPIs.
- Critical HR policy alerts on pending breaches.
- Pre-configured visual key performance indicators.
- Updates group-wide, by department or location.
- Staff coverage metrics.


text:
Hillary Deane's Photography
6 comments:
- Arzigogolare said...
What fun to see so many photos of your shop/studio, and to get a feel for your process of assembling this year's lovely calendar. Thanks for sharing...
- Lisa
- February 7, 2012 at 5:09 PM
Your stamps look so lovely in that wooden box. Actually all the photos are beautiful. I was just wondering if you organize them by colour or country?
I bought a few packages at Anthropologie and I just love them. Thank you.
- February 7, 2012 at 8:38 PM
- angela said...
Thank you to both of you. The vintage stamps in the wooden box are the ones that people can chose from when they come to visit. Sort of offering chocolate when someone stop by the studio. I don't really organize them, they are a big mix of history and countries around the world. I find them always fascinating!
- February 7, 2012 at 8:58 PM
- spunthoughts said...
Hi Angela! The photos are beautiful! My husband and I enjoyed visiting your studio a few weeks ago during the snowstorm and getting a calendarbook ourselves (we were the physicians). - Su
- February 7, 2012 at 9:57 PM
- angela said...
I perfectly remember meeting you Su, thank you for coming!
- February 8, 2012 at 5:06 PM
- louboutin boots said...
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First, let us define how much of an Alaska cruise tour is. It's not this is the cruise you book together with your travel agent or online, this can be a combination package from the cruise tour itself coupled with the selection of a land tour. For a lot of travelers, it isn't just enough to determine this beautiful area of the country from aboard their ship, they should also continue land and explore the history and culture of Alaska. If this describes you than it's time to explore the very best thee Alaska cruise tours and do a comparison for your adventure preferences.
Let us begin with Celebrity Cruises. Here you've got a selection of over six cruise tours but typically the most popular is the 13-night escorted cruise tour. This Alaska cruise tour offers you 13 times of Alaskan adventures. If you're not viewing the scenery in the ship itself than you're experiencing full times of completely escorted tours with the lands of Alaska the right balance. You'll visit famous Alaskan cities including: Seward, Anchorage, Denali Park and Talkeetna. You should observe that if you opt to book an Alaska cruise tour you'll still can book land excursions but they're not incorporated inside your cruise package cost.
Royal Caribbean offers a rather shorter cruise tour but puts a lot of concentrate on the most widely used regions of Alaska including Fairbanks and also the Denali Park. You'll be given meals and also have the rare chance to invest an evening within the famous Denali Park amongst the wildlife. Inside the town of Fairbanks you'll be adopted a riverboat tour from the Chena River after which a detailed tour from the city itself. In this particular Alaska cruise tour you'll be come to the Fairbanks Airport terminal to become transported home. That one way cruise is a superb way for brand spanking new cruisers to determine when they enjoy cruising.
Lastly, Holland America Cruise Companies offers probably the most unique Alaska cruise tours currently available. You're going to get to see wildlife inside the Denali Park and enjoy a Gold Hurry adventure using their gold mine tour. If that's insufficient, let us not overlook the scenic cruise lower the Yukon River. Visiting spectacular Glacier Bay Park is among the popular features of this Alaska cruise tour, one you won't ever forget. Holland America gives you a lengthy listing of optional excursions too including whale and bear watching as well as ice climbing for individuals searching for extreme adventure.
Finding out how to book the ideal cruise includes additional information than it may seem. Don't just book a cruise whenever you could book an Alaska cruise tour and find out Alaska internally. Confer with your travel agent regarding your Alaska cruise tour options and think about which areas of Alaska you'd probab to go to. Every single cruise line offers some type of an Alaska cruise tour, so make certain to seek information before booking.


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Archive for March, 2016
Trump Rally Cancelled at UIC Pavilion
Posted by Gopher Padfoot in Trump on March 12, 2016
(If you follow this blog and are receiving this on either your phone or tablet, you may need to log into underspecialized in order to view media)
Last night my partner and I attended the protest of Trump's rally planned at UIC pavilion. As you may know, the event was cancelled. I collected interviews with protesters, Trump supporters, and specators. It was a vivid experience. Please give it a listen.
The song playing in the background is 'Anxious and Mortified', written and performed by my dear friend, Mike Glader.
Should you have any thoughts or feedback, please feel free to share your comments below.
– Ben
The Post Modern Landscape: a view from the parking lot of the largest Cabela's in the world
Posted by Gopher Padfoot in Sporting goods stores on March 3, 2016
Back in 2012, I had a hunch to take my audio recorder and visit Cabela's and REI, two outdoor sporting goods stores. I thought that the two businesses do a good job highlighting the divide in America.
On the one hand you have REI: individualistic, urbane, and environmentally conscious. Liberal. On the other hand you have Cabela's: large, sells guns, family-oriented. Conservative. Both companies idealize nature and believe in conservation. REI thinks of nature as a place you go to have an exhilarating, extraordinary experience- just make sure to 'leave no trace'. Cabela's thinks of nature as a place to go hunting and fishing- and, continuing the tradition of conservation started by Theodore Roosevelt, believes that nature is best preserved by hunters paying their hunting license fees.
Both businesses had giant, fiberglass mountains inside. REI's was a rock-climbing wall. Cabela's was covered with taxidermied animals. Both, in their way, represent human kind's will to overcome and dominate nature.
My project never came to fruition. Nevertheless, I went to the archives and found some audio recorded during my visit to the largest Cabela's in the world, which is located in Hamburg, PA. I collaborated with the Screaming Stars, who recorded the ambient music on this track. If you have trouble hearing my improvised poem, you can read the transcript as you listen along:
The Post Modern Landscape: a view from the parking lot of the largest Cabela's in the world
Fresh, black top, parking lot. Huge.
Section A, B, C… you know the rest.
Section for RV, for trucks.
There's a horse corall. A "pet exercise area".
A woman plays fetch with her dog.
A Cross, across the way: the Appalachian mountains.
separated by
six lane interstate
long john silvers
burger king
pizza hut
shells… shell
Looks like it would be hard to go there by foot
and once you're up there, what's there?
Nothing but disease, trees, threat, danger.
Better to stay here in the car and drive over there.
The actual town of Hamburg, Pennsylvania
is on another hill
across the valley
across the intersate.
It looks like from here we could lob canons
onto Hamburg and from there they would
launch canons onto here.
But I think there's more guns in Cabela's.
Standing on opposite hills like this is greater
than a mere town, greater than democracy.
It's even rivalling the mountains with its presence.
Wherever you fall on that divide, I love you.


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Oh yes its giveaway time!! By pure coincidence I had been planning a review on L'Oreal's Casting Crème Gloss which I had used about two months ago and just as I started writing my review a few days ago L'Oreal India contacted me to let me know about their 'Say Yes to Colour' campaign and asked me if I would like to host a giveaway for one lucky winner...well as I had already used the product and love it, how could I say no!
L'Oreal Paris recently launched the Say Yes to Colour Campaign in India which aims to empower women to take control,let go of your inhibitions about colouring your hair, embrace creativity and bring out your individuality!
L'Oreal Paris recently launched the Say Yes to Colour Campaign in India which aims to empower women to take control,let go of your inhibitions about colouring your hair, embrace creativity and bring out your individuality!
L'Oreal's campaign aims to educate women about the benefits of colouring your hair and Say Yes To Colour! Since, some women are apprehensive about colouring their hair; L'Oreal want to introduce the safe No Ammonia Casting Crème Gloss. They are aware many woman may have concerns about colouring their their and so as part of their campaign they have busted a few myths on their Facebook Page. For full details of the product and my full and honest review of Casting Creme Gloss click here. In short though, I really like this product because...
- Its so simple to use! Just mix two bottles, apply to hair, 30mins, wash et voila!
- It does not contain any ammonia so felt gentle on my hair
- The colour lasted much longer than I imagined (still vibrant today after double the time they state on the box)
- The Royal Jelly and special conditioner helped my hair to feel SO soft after I used it and gave me a lovely shine
L'Oreal have started their Casting Crème Gloss 'Say Yes to Colour' pledge on Facebook where they are inviting you to join the movement and colour your hair!
To win a box of Casting Crème Gloss in the colour of your choice all you have to do is...
1. Be a follower on my blog via GFC (hover over the black bar on the right and you click on the first icon to follow me)
2. Take the 'Say Yes to Colour' pledge on L'Oreal's Facebook page here.
For extra entries you can Like my Facebook Page, Add me on Twitter etc as listed in Rafflecopter.
This giveaway is open to Indian residents only and the winner will be announced on Monday 22nd October.
Good luck!!
Cherry Lane xoxo
Note: This is a sponsored giveaway.


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4 Old Plates = 10,000 LakesJanuary 5th, 2011 in member junk
DesignTurnpike, member
Finally had a chance to do a map of Minnesota out of vintage plates. This one needed a green-ish base to match with a great room wall. I love the fact that I was able to find plates from the 50s for this one. The silver one from '51 is my favorite. There was a Michigan twin to go along with this project as well. Both maps measure 16" x 16" They will hang alongside each other in Little Falls, MN soon!
Pattern or design used: My own design - Design Turnpike
posted in: member junk, vintage, metal, wood, artwork, industrial, family room, living room, porch, green, study, great room, traditional, office, silver-metallic, historical, game room, 50s, 60s, 70s
Comments (9)
treasuresfromtheshed writes: I have loved these forever! I long ago picked up a box of old plates always hoping to do something like this but I have no idea how you can cut those old plates without killing my hands in the process. Can you tell me how you do yours? I have to do everything by myself and don't have money to buy equipment so I really appreciate your input to help me out. Thanks so much! Keep up the cool designs too! Posted: 12:38 pm on March 4th
doggbo writes: As an owners of a 51 Chevy car & Truck I dont have to teel you your plates are awesome!!! Posted: 5:15 pm on February 4th
jodygale writes: My granddad used to keep license plates all over his garage. I love your idea. Posted: 7:23 pm on January 8th
georgiamoon writes: This is an excellent idea....and amazing workmanship too. Really great project, Georgia Posted: 3:19 pm on January 5th
suewhitney writes: OK....had to do a member feature here! I a from Minnesota after all. This is fabulous as always. The only thing you forgot was the mountains of snow that currently cover our fair state! Thanks for sharing.
Be Well,
Posted: 2:33 pm on January 5th
Be Well,
Posted: 2:33 pm on January 5th
shabbychick writes: I know there are a lot of Minnesota junkers who are gonna want one of those!! Very nice work as always!
Thanks for sharing!
Kathy Posted: 1:26 pm on January 5th
Thanks for sharing!
Kathy Posted: 1:26 pm on January 5th
JunkArchitect writes: The layout and color selection is always perfect. The 66' trailer plate is so cool. Great Job!
Posted: 3:49 am on January 5th
Posted: 3:49 am on January 5th
CottageElements writes: So I may be a little partial to the Minnesota piece :) You always do such a nice job!
Lani Posted: 10:13 pm on January 4th
Lani Posted: 10:13 pm on January 4th
rustinpeace writes: What a great idea. I wish there were more old license plates lying around here in FL! Nice work. Posted: 1:01 pm on January 4th
You must be logged in to post comments. Click here to login.


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Dora and SpongeBob are setting down major roots in West London's tourist core next year. Nickelodeon Viacom Consumer Products has partnered with Florida-based Entertainment Retail Enterprises to launch the UK's Nickelodeon flagship specialty retail store at No. 1 Leicester Square (pictured, exterior rendering).
With plans to open in Q2 2015, the multi-level store will feature multimedia and interactive elements to showcase well-known kids properties such as Dora, SpongeBob and the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. The shop will also feature products from select global licensees.
Nickelodeon and Entertainment Retail Enterprises have teamed up this year to open Nickelodeon stores in both Panama and Riyadh. Saudi Arabia will get a second retail location by the end of 2014, in Jeddah. And even more stores are planned to launch throughout 2015 and 2016 across five continents.


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Harmony – Cloud workforce management solution
Harmony cloud workforce management solution from Synel Mll Pay is the perfect solution for any organization that managing employees time tracking, review employees attendance reporting, managing projects and cost center.
The benefit of Harmony cloud is the availability of the data using the internet browser – anywhere anytime.
Harmony cloud is an online system that receive and process the incoming data in real time and available for employees and let them view and edit attendance and absence.
Synel promote Harmony cloud with a special offer, for more details click here
Harmony cloud will improve your organization time management by review simple and useful attendance report, Allow employee updating attendance / absence data, Manager may view and confirm employees updating, Automatic e-mails alert employee / manager for attendance update request and monthly report confirmation
And all using Synel Cloud service so your client will not need a server and software operator.


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Last Post from Italy…. :( but I'll be back!
So I have been in Rome for 5 amazing days, and this is my third blog post. I LOVE Italy so much, and I feel like I must share with you my experience of the beauty of the culture. Sunday was my last FULL day/night in Italy, and of course first thing in the morning my cousin and I went to the local cafe. We first ordered two cappuccino, and two stuffed chocolate croissants. While we ate our breakfast, we met and conversed with two old Italian men at the cafe, who taught us some useful words in Italian. After the first round of cafe, we decided we wanted to order two macchiatos, and two delicious chocolate biscotti's. This cafe was sooo cheap, our whole bill was only 4.60 euros, and it was such good quality food and coffee. If anyone goes to Italy please let me know, and I will provide you with the address of this cafe. The interior of the cafe is so cozy, the bar is in the front, with the pastries enclosed in a glass case, and there are tables along the wall. In the back room of the cafe there are comfy couches, and chairs to sit and read a book from the books for sale on the cook shelves. The music I must say was great as well, it was a mix of Christmas jazz music, and contemporary indie rock. After breakfast we decided to wonder around the city looking in the local shops and markets. Sunday afternoon in Rome is bustling with people Christmas shopping and eating in restaurants in the city. It was fun to look in the stores even though we couldn't buy anything. We were starting to get a little hungry so it was time for some Gelato. I got a cone with three scoops, and I have to say each time the taste gets better and better. I seriously could eat gelato everyday for the rest of my life. As if the food couldn't have gotten any better, later that evening our dinner blew my mind. We walked over to a great neighborhood known as Trastevere, and ate pizza at a restaurant called DarPoeta. It was the best pizza I have ever eaten in my life. My cousin got a pizza with chunks of mozzarella cheese, cherry tomatoes, and basil, and I got a pizza with red sauce, salami, and chilies. For dessert we split a chocolate nutella, ricotta cheese calzone. We were both so full in the most satisfied way possible. We walked back to the center near her apartment and decided to take one more walk around the Piazza Navona. As we wandered around the stalls selling Christmas goodies, we made our way into the center and cast our eyes on the carousel, so we implusively jumped on and took a ride on the hourses.
What a beautiful day, followed by a beautiful last night in the beautiful city of Rome.
Oh how I am looking forward to more fun, more adventure, and more beauty in the months ahead.
xx, M.Shay


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The 10th Annual Rappahannock County Farm Tour Committee is seeking registrants for our 2018 Farm Tour Venues. This includes orchards, vegetable and fruit producers, herbs and beekeepers, livestock and/or meat producers, egg and dairy producers, vineyards, kitchen gardens, and fiber producers, anyone raising/growing/producing agriculturally-based products within the county to join us on this year's tour as a venue.
Please register by April 15, 2018. We will be limiting venues this year to fifteen or fewer to allow our guests variety but also the time to visit several venues within the county. All registrants will be reviewed by the Farm Tour Committee and contacted by June 1.
If you are a farm (or any of the categories listed above) but not interested in becoming an on-site venue, we encourage you to join us as an Artisan with a booth at one of our Farm Tour Venues. Not quite sure if you qualify but still would like to play a supporting role (restaurants, value-added food/beverage producers, local, farm-related crafts, etc)? We'd love to have you as a "Friend of Our Farmers"! If you have any questions please do reach out and we will be happy to find the best fit for you.


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I've been reading quite bit on "microsegmentation"; both VMware and Cisco have written quite a bit about it as a core of a software defined data center (SDDC).
It has implications for security, performance, redundancy — you name it.
Microsegmentation has the potential to be a defining characteristic of the datacenters that make cloud computing a reality as well as traditional datacenters located on business campuses.
Right now I'm trying to figure what the best way to actually "play" with the technology is to try and understand the details, and what could be done to optimize the creation (and re-allocation) or segments.
Originally posted 2016-12-15 21:14:44.


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WGBH Openvault
Jazz Decades
Turk Murphy at Easy Street, San Franciso 1958 Southern Hot Dance by Hal Kemp 1928 Varsity 7 with Ted Hawkins and Joe Sullivan 1940 Jimie Lunceford "Le Jazz Hot" 1939
License Clip
More material is available from this program at the WGBH Archive. If you are a researcher interested in accessing the collection at WGBH, please email email@example.com.
Undigitized item: Request Digitization
Untranscribed item: Request Transcription
- Series
- Jazz Decades
- Program Number
- Series Description
Ray Smith's weekly traditional/historical jazz program appeals to the devotee as well as the neophyte. The hour features traditional jazz, Big Band and swing from the entire 20th century and before, including recordings from as early as 1890. Series release date: 1972
- Duration
- Asset Type
Broadcast program
- Media Type
- Genres
- Recorded Music
- Topics
- Music
- Creators
- Smith, Ray (Series Producer)
- Schwartz, Steve (Series Producer)
- Citation
- Chicago: "Jazz Decades," 07/07/1986, WGBH Media Library & Archives, accessed May 19, 2019, http://openvault.wgbh.org/catalog/A_ACCC3AC97F4541BAB16B4E89C11F5F6D.
- MLA: "Jazz Decades." 07/07/1986. WGBH Media Library & Archives. Web. May 19, 2019. <http://openvault.wgbh.org/catalog/A_ACCC3AC97F4541BAB16B4E89C11F5F6D>.
- APA: Jazz Decades. Boston, MA: WGBH Media Library & Archives. Retrieved from http://openvault.wgbh.org/catalog/A_ACCC3AC97F4541BAB16B4E89C11F5F6D


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I (Adrienna) love opals, like I really really love opals. I've always loved the flecks of colors that swirl around in pal jewelry, and the rainbow of colors. I love how they change colors in various lighting, with different colors popping out in sunlight, and different colors inside. I love wearing my opal ring, which was a lovely gift from my boyfriend (shout out to Woody for picking a nice ring). We also love when a bride dares to be different, either with her opal engagement ring, or opal accessories! We have some amazing opal options in the shop, like this Twigs and Honey hair vine, or sashes by Hushed Commotion. It's such a gorgeous alternative to rhinestones and beading, opals catch the light in a spectacular way!
[Shopping Guide] Hair Vine by Twigs and Honey // Opal Necklace by Julia Szendrei and Earrings by Stone and Gold from Etsy // Birds of Paradise Earrings by Elizabeth Cole from Rent The Runway // 14K Gold Opal Ring from Red Box Jewels // Ainsly Gold Sash and Malia Silver Opal Sash by Hushed Commotion


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Back in Black: Black Sea Bass Stock is Rebuilt
The southern stock of black sea bass has been successfully rebuilt and annual catch limits will now more than double.
The wait wasn't easy but it's over. In May of this year, NOAA scientists declared the southern stock of black sea bass successfully rebuilt. The short seasons and low catch limits that fishermen have endured in recent years are about to pay off—the catch limit for this popular fish will more than double this fall.
The southern stock of black sea bass, which ranges from Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, to the Florida Keys, was declared overfished in 2005. The following year, the South Atlantic Fishery Management Council implemented the rebuilding plan, which ended successfully this past spring.
The rebuilding plan was required by the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act, the law that governs the nation's marine fisheries. The Act requires that overfishing end immediately, that overfished stocks be rebuilt, and that stocks be subject to annual catch limits.
"This shows that catch limits work," said Jack McGovern, the South Atlantic Branch Chief for NOAA Fisheries. "People are seeing more black sea bass than they have since the 1970s." The fish are also larger on average and are showing up in places where they haven't been seen in decades.
The southern stock of black sea bass is only the latest to cross the rebuilding finish line. A total of 34 stocks have now been rebuilt since 2000.
Increased Opportunity for Fishermen
For Robert Johnson, a charter boat captain out of St. Augustine, Florida, this will mean a longer fishing season and more customers. "We're a tourist-driven economy here in Florida," Johnson said, noting that hotels and restaurants in his area are also looking forward to a longer fishing season.
Black sea bass is a popular species among recreational anglers throughout its range. That's because in addition to being a particularly tasty fish, black sea bass are relatively accessible. "The nice thing about black sea bass is you don't need a million-dollar boat to catch them," Johnson said.
According to the latest Fisheries Economics of the U.S. report, in 2011 recreational marine fishing in the South Atlantic states generated more than 52,000 jobs and added just short of $3 billion of value to the nation's GDP.
Black sea bass is also an important commercial species. Tom Burgess is a fisherman out of Sneed's Ferry, North Carolina. Like most commercial black sea bass fishermen, he catches the fish in baited pots. "What we're experiencing now was worth the wait," said Burgess, who expects his income to rise with the catch limit.
Catch Limits and Accountability Measures Make Rebuilding Possible
In 2005, the South Atlantic Fishery Management Council considered two alternative rebuilding strategies. One cut catch limits steeply up front but allowed them to rise steadily as the stock rebuilt. The other involved less pain initially but held catch limits constant for the duration of the plan. The Council chose the constant catch plan.
As the black sea bass stock was rebuilding, there was pressure to let up on the catch limits. People were seeing more fish, and they wanted to catch them.
"There were a lot of frustrated fishermen out there," Robert Johnson said.
But the 2006 reauthorization of the Magnuson-Stevens Act requires that catch limits be set at a level that prevents overfishing and that the limits include accountability measures. These measures ensure that, if the annual catch limit is met early or exceeded, then any overages are balanced out with in-season closures, a reduced catch the following year, or other corrective measures.
It is this combination of annual catch limits and accountability measures that give the rebuilding requirements of the Magnuson-Stevens Act their force. Without them, the black sea bass stock might have followed what was once a more common trajectory, with any increase in numbers being quickly fished down.
Instead, the stock was rebuilt, which means that the population is now large enough to produce its maximum sustainable yield—the largest annual catch that won't cause the population to diminish over time. Managing stocks at or near this level allows fishermen to extract the greatest value from fish populations today while also maintaining a healthy stock for future generations.
For the fishermen who had to live with low catch limits so that black sea bass could rebuild, the new catch limits will be an extra-large dose of good news. Because they were held constant during the rebuilding years, catch limits are now set to more than double. Last year both the recreational and commercial seasons were over by early fall. This year fishermen should still be having at it into late fall or early winter..


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In English, many things are named after a particular country – but have you ever wondered what those things are called in those countries?
Translation of disordered in Spanish:
desordenado, adj.
1.1(untidy, out of order)(notes/papers/thoughts) desordenado
1.2(chaotic, disorganized)(lifestyle) desordenado
2(sick)(mind/brain) trastornado(brain/mind) enfermizo
Further reading
12 ways to say goodbye in other languagesFind out more
English has borrowed many of the following foreign expressions of parting, so you've probably encountered some of these ways to say goodbye in other languages.
55 words ending in 'ster' you didn't know you needed to knowFind out more
Many words formed by the addition of the suffix –ster are now obsolete - which ones are due a resurgence?
The origins of dog breed namesRead more
As their breed names often attest, dogs are a truly international bunch. Let's take a look at 12 different dog breed names and their backstories.