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The Borneo Eco Film Festival (BEFF) was founded in 2011 and is an annual non-profit event celebrating Borneo's biocultural diversity through showcasing environmental films and nurturing local community filmmaking.
Our goals are to 'Educate' through new knowledge on ecological and cultural issues; 'Expose' through environmental films that stimulate discussion; and 'Engage' storytellers through a platform for community filmmaking.
We have three main components to the festival:
1) Suara Community Filmmaking Programme – 'Suara' means 'Voice' in the Malay language. Our flagship training program that supports rural and indigenous communities in Sabah to make short films that tell the stories important for them, with their own images and in their own voice.
2) Suara Publika – A curated series of educational talks, fringe screenings and interactive seminars featuring international and local scientists, conservationists, community-based groups, storytellers, musicians, and filmmakers, that is presented following up to the main festival weekend. Our Youth & Education Outreach Programme also falls under this umbrella where we engage the urban youth to discuss and take part in everyday environmental and social issues through workshops, talks, activities and Youth Leadership initiatives.
3) Environmental Cinema – A presentation of educational films on cultural and environmental topics shown during the festival weekend when rural and urban communities converge to share this experience together. Each year, films are hand-picked by our team in partnership with other film programmers from around the world. We make special effort to ensure that film transcripts are translated and films subtitled in Bahasa Malaysia, making this rich content accessible to local audiences. These films are meant to be thought-provoking; they push the boundaries of filmmaking and storytelling, bridge distant histories with contemporary aspirations for the future, and celebrate diversity


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From back of the book:
Will you and Indiana Jones uncover the secret of THE CURSE OF HORROR ISLAND?
It's your summer vacation. While your friends go to camp or travel with their families, you embark on an exciting journey with your cousin Indiana Jones, the great archaeologist, to the distant Coral Sea. You are bound for Horror Island in search of a priceless ebony idol. But legend has it that the island is cursed and many who got here never live to return! What will happen to you?
The danger begins before you even leave the New York harbor. And every step of the way, battling hostile natives and savage jungle animals, you decide what to do, which moves to make, as you FIND YOUR FATE!

subset: commoncrawl


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Review|Deanna Sirlin: Everything is Optional
Whitespace Gallery; April 17—May 16, 2009; ArtVoices, June 2009
Deanna Sirlin compares her work to the lecture style of Salman Rushdie, the current writer-in-residence at Emory University: Her circular brushstrokes are "like" Rushdie's baffling circles of logic that, through a sublime intellectual sleight-of-hand, achieve clarity at the last possible moment. Of course, Sirlin's paintings and Salman Rushdie have about as much in common … as horseshoe crabs and swine flu. Still, even if Sirlin's very (and truly) harmless simile falls short, it raises the more interesting question of interpretation and translation.
Take for instance 33 1/3, a work Sirlin installed at the New Orleans Museum of Art in 2001. 33 1/3 is essentially an abstract painting, produced by hand and then digitally blown up and superimposed on an existing museum window. The product is a semitransparent floor-to-ceiling image; you can't see through the window per se, but it permits the free passage of sunlight by day, or museum lights by night. 33 1/3's numerical title refers to the revolutions of a spinning record, an association designed to pay homage to New Orleans' music. As in her other public art projects, Sirlin attempts to match her "perception of the site buildings' architecture" and the flavor of "the city in which they are a part." So … is the work a successful translation of New Orleans culture?
Everything is Optional, Sirlin's latest exhibition at Whitespace Gallery, is concerned with the process of translation. Less so in her large-scale abstractions (executed in the same style as her public art paintings, but without a digital intermediary), Sirlin's installations are sculptural translations—from the language of two-dimensional drawing to that of metal. Each work began as a tiny drawing in Sharpie marker that, as before, is then blown up and programmed into a machine. The finished sculptures are irrevocably physical, metallic incarnations of abstract line: circles, ellipses, and, for lack of a better word, squiggles. The works are interesting, insofar as they both evade recognition while still recalling the sinuous strokes of the original Sharpie. But in this case, the virtue is also a vice: Sirlin's "translations" seem little improved over the breakfast-table exercises they initially were. Further, her use of technology as a transformative medium fails to surpass the ingenuity of local artists half her age (see my comments on Kathryn Refi's Color Recordings, ArtVoices, October, 2008, p. 44).
Of course, the comparison wouldn't be necessary if Sirlin didn't market herself as an artist of "digital media." Although I'm generally not a fan of primary colors, her large traditional paintings show a confident command of asymmetry, a fact no doubt solidified by her 30 years' experience in the medium.
And although her New Orleans installation, 33 1/3, is neither an interpretation nor a translation of the city in which it lives, the painting style at least incorporates the host building's architecture. The work succeeds in signifying a bland and very tame modernism, an apolitical escapism of color, in which vanity exceeds substance.
Tuesday, August 25, 2009
[updated] Deanna Sirlin at Whitespace
Posted by Jeremy Abernathy at 8/25/2009 08:17:00 AM
Labels: Deanna Sirlin, New Orleans, Salman Rushdie, semiotics, Whitespace
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The Headlining Act…every band's dream, right?! Sadly, for up and coming pop/rock band 'Sierra Alpha', this was a much more low-key affair. Performing at the Indigo2 (the smaller sister venue of the O2 Arena), Welsh act Sierra Alpha had a 30 minute slot at the Surface Unsigned Festival, invited back to play having finished 3rd at last year's event.
With a record deal under their belt and an EP recently released, this band are headed for bigger things to come…and I expect the Indigo2 was not exactly how they imagined it to be.
For a 2500 person capacity, to see this stunning theatre-like venue with an audience of barely 50 people made it feel like this band were auditioning, not actually playing for fans.
The stage looked messy and I was distracted by goings-on backstage as the stage side curtains were not even fully closed.
The band, on the other hand, looked quite the part with waistcoats and skinny ties in abundance.
Lead singer/guitarist Martin Goddard managed to do the unthinkable, sporting a wolverine style hair do with skinny jeans finished off with a pair of sparkly red 'Dorothy' shoes – yet it sort of worked. His clash in fashion statements matching his clash in personalities; his strong but husky vocals and erratic style of owning the stage were in deep contrast to his modest but witty intermittent banter. Quite the enigma.
His two fellow guitarists, however, left me feeling awkward. They commanded very little stage presence and to add insult, one of them was playing the fittest crimson bass guitar that, quite frankly, just wanted to be seduced!
Thumbs up to keyboard player Andrew Harries who, compared to the guitarists, was practically making love to his keyboard and savouring every moment. Just a shame that, barring a couple of middle-section solos, his talents were not fully flaunted.
There is no doubt that these guys are very current, yet the radio-friendliness of there songs just didn't seem to translate to the stage. "Come Hither" was definitely the crowd pleaser - I spotted at least 5 teenagers attempting to mosh. Their style of music, however, does only work with an energetic crowd and if Martin Goddard can put in that much enthusiasm for a group of teens, then I'd love to see him on a proper main stage!
Ending on a high note, they did a surprising rock rendition of "Billie Jean" which was the perfect way to end their set. After all, every decent band needs a great cover to pull out the bag!
This latest collection from label Record Kicks is easy on the ear.
If it doesn't have you dreaming of better days in the snap of a second, there is something wrong with you. This record is an aphrodisiac for the modern workplace.
From "The Young Patter" by the Baker Brothers and "Prophets Bound to Christ" by William Joseph Fowler & the Disciples, DJ Smoove mixes up a storm on record Act II. With the types of sounds that would be at home at a funk club in the funkiest of cities in the funkiest of countries, there is no denying that DJ Smoove is, for want of a better description, a cool cat.
A particularly favourite track of this reviewer is "Rags to Riches" by the Liberators, a fresh afro-funk act hailing from Sydney, Australia. The track is so rich with the sounds of Africa, it is a wonder it was not produced in, ummm, Africa.
The Diplomats of Solid Sound have been on my radar for a while, and so have Lack of Afro. So it does not surprise me that the Lack of Afro remix of the Diplomat's tune "Give Me One More Chance", is an outright classic.
Similarly to a lot of the new releases from the team at label Record Kicks, this is highly recommended!
Label: Record Kicks


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Shredding old files is a necessary part of any document management strategy. Finding a provider who puts your security above all else should be your top concern, but you are probably also considering the cost.
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Shred Events in WashingtonShred event costs fluctuate quite a bit, but a sure-fire way to make your shred event is as cost-effective as possible is to ask for donations. Our Washington shred event customers have been more likely to cover the cost of their entire event when they ask for donations rather than asking for a minimum shred fee.
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*The pricing mentioned above is only an estimate and is not intended to be representative of the pricing in any particular market. It is also not intended to be representative of the pricing that you may be quoted by shredding companies within our network.


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Cell: 0823903989Tel:0325525929T:0861428716email: email@example.com
PVC fittings includes solvent weld tees, elbows (both 45° and 90°), sockets, stubs, reducers, crosses and flanges.
We can also supply male and female BSP threaded PVC fittings. We supply adaptor fittings such as male and female adaptor fittings to connect PVC pipe to other materials.
PVC pipe and fittings range from 16 mm up to 315 mm for solvent weld, and threaded fittings from 1/2" right up to 4" BSP. Larger sizes are available on request.
90 degree elbow
45o elbow
Threaded elbow
90o elbow, BSP
Tee, PVC, 90 degree
Tee, PVC, 45o
Tee reducer and bends
Tee reducer
90o bends
Tee with threaded center, socket on line
90 degree tee - BSP
Cross or 4 way tee
Reducing bushes
Sub-Serrated socket
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Socket and nipple, BSP
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We can also supply Wilo water pumps flexible water and air hoses, air stones, air pumps and electrical single phase and three phase blowers.
email ecotao for more information: firstname.lastname@example.com Cellular: 0823903989 | Landline: 032-5525929 | Cape Town relocation: 0861428716VAT 4590247682 Ecotao Enterprises cc CK 2001/053814/23 7 Waterboom street, PO Box 1524, Stanger, 4450, South Africa


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What To See & Do
Search results for Cullman
Ave Maria GrottoHistoric Site
Landscaped garden of 125 miniature replicas of biblical structures and world-famous buildings, built by Brother Joseph, a Benedictine monk.
Ave Maria GrottoHistoric Site
Br. Joseph Zoettl - His dream brought him to America to become a monk; his vision created a work of art to inspire the world.
Clarkson Covered Bridge and ParkOutdoor Recreation Site
Battle of Hog Mountain site. 1904 truss bridge, lattice-style planks, restored 1975. Park with shaded picnic grounds, dogtrot log cabin, grist mill and hiking trails.
Cullman County MuseumMuseum
Col. John G. Cullman, German refugee, established colony (1873). Home replica houses archaeological society museum. New Civil War Exhibit featuring Cullman's Civil War history.
Cullman DepotHistoric Site
Restored Pueblo-style stucco building contains displays of vintage railroad-related items. Exit 308, turn left on 278, left on 1st Ave. SE, go 4 blocks.
Cullman Flea MarketFlea Market
250+ inside spaces, plus outdoor spaces. Antiques building (10,000+ sq. ft.), country village.
Cullman Warehouse DistrictHistoric Site
The Cullman Warehouse District is located in the very heart of the city. Having been recently refurbished, the old stockrooms now host Cullman's finest shopping and dining experience. With new stores opening up regularly, you are sure to find a wide variety to feed all your senses.
Festhalle Market PlatzFarmers Market
The Festhalle Market Platz is the home of the Cullman Farmer's Market, open April-October each year and also during an extended off-season from November-March. The large structure is the largest timber-framed building in Alabama.
FunzoneIndoor Recreation Site
Entertainment for the whole family: miniature golf, go-karts, FUNZONE Express Train, Air It Out (inflatable play area), and state-of-the-art batting cages.
Heritage Park in CullmanOutdoor Recreation Site
Seventy-acre complex with lighted softball and soccer fields, basketball courts, picnic pavilions, 1.5-mi. fitness trail, water play area and recognition garden.
Smith FarmsSpecialty Food
Ole Fashion Country Store
Smith Farms Hickory Smoked MeatsSpecialty Food
Old-fashioned meat prepared using secret Southern recipes. Wine cellar. Also cheese, honey, jams, grits, salad dressings and more.
Smith Lake ParkOutdoor Recreation Site
The park offers 9 cabins, 199 full service sites, 5 water and electric sites, 61 tent sites, pavilions, chapel, playgrounds, ball fields, walking trail, pool, fishing pier, boat launch, and stage.
Southern Accents Architectural AntiquesAntique
The South's largest collection of diverse and unique architectural antiques with salvaged wood, vintage bath fixtures, stonework, ironwork, tiles and more.
Southern Ghost Girls History Tours and Interactive Paranormal InvestigationsGuided Tour
The Southern Ghost Girls History Tours and Interactive Paranormal Investigations is a Tour company that is led by Founder Lesley Ann and her team of tour guides and investigators. They specialize in History Tours and Haunted History tours of historical sites, museums , architecture and buildings in Alabama. They feature the history of each place while conducting a paranormal investigation with the participants using real paranormal investigation equipment. The Southern Ghost Girls also has a local television show.
Sportsman Lake ParkOutdoor Recreation Site
County-operated park featuring fishing, Putt-Putt golf, playground, hiking trails, picnic area, pavilions, paddle boats, train. Multi-use paved trail and 4.7-mi. mountain bike trail. Veterans Memorial Park. 12 camp sites with newly remodeled bathhouse.
TP Country ClubGolf Course
18-hole Tom Jackson-designed golf course located between Birmingham and Huntsville
Veteran's Memorial ParkHistoric Site
Cullman's own Veteran's Memorial Park is a special place to pay respects to those who have served in the military. The Park offers one-of-a-kind memorials that truly capture Cullman's patriotism.
Weiss CottageHistoric Site
Cullman's oldest home. Wood-frame structure was home to Dr. Weiss' family. Also served as his medical office; cellar housed his goats. 19th-century furnishings.
Werner's Trading CompanyOutdoor
Outfitting for fly-fishing, biking, camping, canoeing, mountaineering, birding. Wide variety of camping foods. Unique shopping with specialty clothing for men and women.


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Over more than 20 old people before the Mid-Autumn Festival, binhu district moved to a new homeThis year, they change the environment and feel "this House is in the village homes, and is also home of eat, live, there is a small yard, feels just like home! "Now 89 years old, one of the residents told reporters. In the four years here, the old man like a walk in the yard every day, passing around and talk to people in the village, "because the environment familiar, familiar, so everything is just like home. "
However, with the dismantling of the Fraternity House daycare center hits, he will leave with other old people, old age to a new place. Occasionally, he will inquire about new place under what conditions. When he heard that a new more spacious, better facilities, the old man looks very happy and am looking forward to, to "leave the place to live for a few years, new moon, I do not know how. "
Busy old Cao Ze told reporters that the elderly living habits of the place, began to adapt to the next. Because the new place, more like a community nursing home, original "family" feeling may be weak. In order to create a better environment, he is applying under the transformation of the surrounding environment, to be able to provide them with a better outdoor sites, "I hope that will expand your career, managing a country with more than more than 100 nursing home for the elderly in the future, is my goal. "
Sunset, binhu district in the Fraternity House daycare center hits the Division for 4 years old, an unusual Mid-Autumn Festival this year, he will join other world over more than 20 old people, moving to a new home to live in. Because of demolition, former nursing home would be demolished. Yesterday, reporters learned that the Wuxi's first "family-style" pension institution, originally more than more than 30 residents, this part of their diversion to other places, some people will go along with Cao, Director of Fraternity House daycare center hits new places. And Wuxi are now rare "home gerocomium" and also will mark a turning point in the development of.
"Home gerocomium" last days "new decoration of the place I've been busy since July, also looked here, this afternoon to go to the Civil Affairs Bureau on ageing, and extremely busy recently! "See the sunset when old people's daycare Director Cao Dake, he appeared to be breathing heavily. Cao told reporters that recent nursing home evictions, he's too busy. Because relocation to arrange yourself, understaffed, and considered to be one-time moving and other reasons, as well as to other nursing homes for the elderly, you need to check. In addition, the new local environmental improvement, facility acquisition, made him too busy to find North. "Hope all goes well, old people moved past the Mid-Autumn Festival this year, to a new environment for the holidays. "
6 years ago, under the multi-party support, unemployed Cao Dake in his courtyard home, began their own old-age care. Because of their House, staff are family-oriented, so the people sent to call, that "family" nursing home, Wuxi is unique at the time. Three years ago, to this Fraternity House daycare center hits an interview with reporters, then already has 30 of the elderly persons, and efforts made by the whole family, "family" nursing home was run very hot, even hired a few workers on lay-off for care workers.
First half of the year, because houses were built around the community, Cao's Fraternity House daycare center hits in a demolition range. To move to the nursing home where are you going? Elders do? Particularly want to find a new place, it's difficult. "Now for the old-age care support, preferential lease a piece of land can be, but investors need to have the financial strength to invest in. We are such a small body, naturally no way, again looking for a place to build a House, do it yourself, not reality! "In the end, after several twists and old Cao Cai found a place along the road, to be able to continue their own old-age care. However, he is acting as a Manager, rather than the original managers and all rolled into it. However, he would like to one day be able to continue to work.
PREV: Thousands of annuity Nanmu trees moving melancholy sharen


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- Research article
- Open Access
Membrane trafficking and mitochondrial abnormalities precede subunit c deposition in a cerebellar cell model of juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis
© Fossale et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2004
- Received: 04 October 2004
- Accepted: 10 December 2004
- Published: 10 December 2004
JNCL is a recessively inherited, childhood-onset neurodegenerative disease most-commonly caused by a ~1 kb CLN3 mutation. The resulting loss of battenin activity leads to deposition of mitochondrial ATP synthase, subunit c and a specific loss of CNS neurons. We previously generated Cln3Δex7/8 knock-in mice, which replicate the common JNCL mutation, express mutant battenin and display JNCL-like pathology.
To elucidate the consequences of the common JNCL mutation in neuronal cells, we used P4 knock-in mouse cerebella to establish conditionally immortalized CbCln3 wild-type, heterozygous, and homozygous neuronal precursor cell lines, which can be differentiated into MAP-2 and NeuN-positive, neuron-like cells. Homozygous CbCln3Δex7/8 precursor cells express low levels of mutant battenin and, when aged at confluency, accumulate ATPase subunit c. Recessive phenotypes are also observed at sub-confluent growth; cathepsin D transport and processing are altered, although enzyme activity is not significantly affected, lysosomal size and distribution are altered, and endocytosis is reduced. In addition, mitochondria are abnormally elongated, cellular ATP levels are decreased, and survival following oxidative stress is reduced.
These findings reveal that battenin is required for intracellular membrane trafficking and mitochondrial function. Moreover, these deficiencies are likely to be early events in the JNCL disease process and may particularly impact neuronal survival.
- Protein Disulfide Isomerase
- Membrane Trafficking
- Batten Disease
- Autofluorescent Signal
- CLN3 Gene
Juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (JNCL), or Batten disease, is a recessively inherited childhood-onset neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive blindness, seizures, motor and cognitive decline, and early death [1]. The primary genetic defect (>80% disease chromosomes) leading to JNCL is a 1.02 kb genomic DNA deletion in the CLN3 gene, which eliminates exons 7 and 8 and surrounding intronic DNA, predicting a non-functional protein product [2].
The pathological hallmark of JNCL is autofluorescent ceroid lipofuscin deposits within autolysosomes that are enriched in subunit c of the mitochondrial ATP synthase complex [3–5]. Remarkably, these deposits are not only found in CNS neurons but are also abundant in non-neuronal cells outside of the nervous system. The relationship of subunit c deposits to the JNCL disease process, and the underlying reason for the neuronal specificity of the disease remain poorly understood.
The CLN3-encoded protein (battenin, also called CLN3 or cln3 p) is a highly conserved, ubiquitously expressed, multi-pass membrane protein [6] that localizes to the lysosome and other vesicular compartments [7–9]. Battenin function remains to be elucidated, although studies of btn1, the yeast CLN3 ortholog, have implicated battenin in lysosomal pH homeostasis and amino acid transport [10, 11].
To explore JNCL pathogenesis and battenin function, we previously generated a genetically precise JNCL mouse model. Cln3Δex7/8 knock-in mice harbor the ~1 kb common JNCL mutation and express a non-truncated mutant battenin isoform that is detectable with antibodies recognizing C-terminal epitopes. Homozygous Cln3Δex7/8 knock-in mice exhibit a progressive JNCL-like disease, with perinatal onset of subunit c deposition in many cell types and later onset of neuronal dysfunction and behavioral deficits [12]. These findings suggest that the major JNCL defect leads to abnormal turnover of mitochondrial subunit c, in a manner that selectively compromises CNS neurons.
Currently, there is no suitable neuronal cell system to investigate the impact of the common JNCL mutation on biological processes. Therefore, we have established cerebellar neuronal precursor cell lines from Cln3Δex7/8 knock-in mice. Homozygous CbCln3Δex7/8 cells exhibit pathological hallmarks of the disease, and a survey of membrane organelles revealed membrane trafficking defects and mitochondrial dysfunction in homozygous mutant CbCln3Δex7/8 cells.
Generation of a genetically precise cerebellar JNCL cell model
Homozygous CbCln3Δex7/8cells express mutant battenin and display JNCL-like pathology
Homozygous CbCln3Δex7/8 cells and Cln3Δex7/8knock-in mice process cathepsin D abnormally
The impact of the altered cathepsin D processing on enzymatic activity was next tested to determine if altered enzymatic activity accounts for inefficient subunit c turnover. In a fluorogenic in vitro assay, cathepsin D activity in total cellular extracts was not significantly altered in homozygous CbCln3Δex7/8 cells (376 ± 89 RFU/μg total protein), versus wild-type cells (324 ± 58 RFU/μg total protein), although a consistent trend towards increased enzymatic activity in mutant cells was observed. Thus, cathepsin D transport and processing are disrupted in homozygous CbCln3Δex7/8 cells in a manner such that enzymatic activity appears to be relatively unaffected.
Homozygous CbCln3Δex7/8cells show abnormal membrane organelles
CbCln3Δex7/8 cerebellar precursor cells represent the first genetically accurate neuron-derived culture model of JNCL. Homozygous CbCln3Δex7/8 cells express mutant battenin and JNCL-hallmark mitochondrial ATPase subunit c accumulation, upon aging of cells at confluency. Moreover, this is the first study to indicate recessive endosomal/lysosomal membrane trafficking defects and mitochondrial dysfunction that precedes subunit c deposition in an accurate JNCL model. Importantly, these defects are likely to be early events in the JNCL disease process and may particularly impact neuronal function.
Abnormal cathepsin D localization and processing in homozygous CbCln3Δex7/8 cells and Cln3Δex7/8 mice likely reflects altered vesicular trafficking and/or lysosomal pH, which is known to impact cathepsin D processing [14, 16]. Indeed, CLN3 overexpression in HEK-293 cells altered lysosomal pH and cathepsin D processing [17], and lysosomal pH homeostasis is disrupted in JNCL [10, 15]. It is noteworthy that cathepsin B and the CLN2-encoded enzyme, TPPI, are also altered in JNCL [18–20]. Nevertheless, despite the cathepsin D protein alterations that are observed in homozygous CbCln3Δex7/8 cells, cathepsin D enzymatic activity does not appear to be reduced. Thus, decreased cathepsin D activity is unlikely to account for subunit c accumulation in JNCL.
Aging of homozygous CbCln3Δex7/8 cells at confluency is necessary to induce significantly accumulated subunit c protein. However, membrane organelle disruptions precede subunit c accumulation in homozygous CbCln3Δex7/8 cells, since they are observed without aging at confluency. Lysosomal and endosomal size and distribution are altered, and mitochondria are abnormally elongated and functionally compromised in sub-confluent homozygous CbCln3Δex7/8 cultures. These observations argue that membrane trafficking defects do not result from excessive subunit c accumulation compromising the lysosome, but rather are early events in the disease process preceding subunit c accumulation. Mitochondrial abnormalities, which have also been reported in JNCL patients and other animal models [21–23], may result from ineffective turnover by autophagy, a lysosomal-targeted pathway [24]. Alternatively, or simultaneously, battenin deficiency may impact mitochondrial function upstream of turnover, affecting mitochondrial biogenesis and/or altered transport and processing of mitochondrial proteins.
In wild-type CbCln3 neuronal precursor cells battenin primarily co-localizes with early and late endosomes. Battenin immunostaining in homozygous CbCln3Δex7/8 neuronal precursors is significantly reduced in abundance, but mutant signal also co-localizes with endosomal markers suggesting mutant battenin protein with C-terminal epitopes is trafficked similar to wild-type protein. In other studies, CLN3/battenin protein localization has been reported to partially overlap with late endosomes and lysosomes in non-neuronal cells [7], and to lysosomes, synaptosomes [8] and endosomes [9, 25] in neurons. These data jointly indicate that battenin resides in a subset of vesicular compartments linking multiple membrane trafficking pathways, perhaps functioning in vesicular transport and/or fusion. Endocytic and lysosomal-targeted pathways, including mitochondrial autophagy, are specifically implicated in this study.
The membrane trafficking and mitochondrial deficits uncovered in homozygous CbCln3Δex7/8 cells are likely to particularly impact neuronal function. Neurotransmission heavily relies on membrane vesicle transport, and a high-energy metabolism may further sensitize neurons to the loss of battenin activity. Thus, our panel of wild-type, heterozygous, and homozygous CbCln3Δex7/8 cerebellar cells provide an ideal model system to further elucidate battenin function and JNCL pathogenesis.
Antibody and cell staining reagents
Nestin (clone Rat 401, 2 μg/ml), Lamp 1 (clone 1D4B, 6 μg/ml), and Lamp 2 (clone Abl-93; 6 μg/ml) monoclonal antibodies were obtained from the Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, maintained by The University of Iowa, Department of Biological Sciences. Batp1 (1 μg/ml) was previously described [12]. Anti-subunit c antibody (0.7 μg/ml) was kindly provided by Dr. Kominami (Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan). Additional antibodies were as follows: GFAP, 1:2000 (DAKO Corporation); calbindin, 1:5000 (Sigma); NeuN, 10 μg/ml (Chemicon); SV40 T antigen (Pab 101), 2 μg/ml (Santa Cruz Biotechnology); cathepsin D (C-20), 2 μg/ml (Santa Cruz Biotechnology); cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV (cox4), 1:1000 (BD Biosciences Clontech); PDI (H-160), 2 μg/ml (Santa Cruz Biotechnology); GM130, 1 μg/ml (BD Transduction Labs); α-tubulin, 1:15,000 (Sigma); grp75, 1:200 (Stressgen); early endosome antigen-1 (EEA1), 2 μg/ml (Santa Cruz Biotechnology); rab 7, 4 μg/ml (Santa Cruz Biotechnology). All fluorescent secondary antibodies were obtained from Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories and HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies were obtained from Amersham Biosciences. Additional cell markers were as follows: VVL-biotin, 1:2000 (Vector Laboratories), 10,000 MW dextran-FITC, 1 mg/ml and Lysotracker Red DND-99, 500 nM (Molecular Probes).
Generation, maintenance and differentiation of CbCln3cerebellar neuronal precursor lines
Cln3Δex7/8 knock-in mice have been previously described [12]. Littermate pups from heterozygote crosses were used for primary culture establishment, by previously described methods that yield cerebellar granule neuron-enriched cultures [26]. Postnatal day 4 (P4) cerebella were dissected in Hank's Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS, Sigma), supplemented with 35 mM glucose. Tail biopsies were also collected for genomic DNA isolation and genotypic analysis. Trypsin/EDTA (10 mg/ml, Sigma) and DNase I (100 μg/ml, Sigma), suspended in HBSS, helped dissociate cerebella for primary culture plating onto 0.01% poly-ornithine (Sigma) coated 100 mm dishes. Primary cultures from individual cerebella were cultured overnight at 37°C, 5% CO2, in granule neuron growth media (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium [DMEM, Gibco BRL #11995-065], 10% fetal bovine serum [Sigma #F-2442], supplemented with 24 mM KCl). Infection was performed the following day with defective retrovirus transducing the temperature-sensitive tsA58/U19 large T antigen and a selection neomycin-resistance cassette [27], as previously described [28]. Following infection, cultures were shifted to the tsA58/U19 permissive growth temperature of 33°C and selection was in the same growth media as above, with 200 μg/ml G418. Conditionally immortalized colonies were isolated 3–9 weeks post-infection and expanded for frozen stocks and further sub-clone isolation. Multiple clonal lines were obtained for each genotype and all phenotypes were confirmed in at least 2 independent CbCln3 cell lines. CbCln3 cell lines were maintained on 0.01% poly-ornithine coated dishes at 30–90% confluency, in 33°C and 5% CO2 atmosphere. Passage number was recorded (up to ~20 passages), but had no apparent impact on phenotype. Neuronal differentiation was as previously described [29] with the following cocktail: 10 ng/ml α-FGF, 250 μM IBMX, 200 nM TPA, 50 μM forskolin, 5 μM dopamine (Sigma).
Genotyping and RT-PCR
Genomic DNA was extracted from tail biopsies and cell pellets as described (Cotman et al., 2002). Cln3Δex7/8 knock-in allele PCR genotyping was with wild-type primers, WtF (5'-CAGCATCTCCTCAGGGCTA-3') and WtR (5'-CCAACATAGAAAGTAGGGTGTGC-3') to yield a ~250 bp band and knock-in primers, 552F (5'-GAGCTTTGTTCTGGTTGCCTTC-3') and Ex9RA (5'-GCAGTCTCTGCCTCGTTTTCT-3') to yield a ~500 bp band. PCR cycling conditions were 95°C for 30 seconds, 58°C for 30 seconds, and 72°C for 35 seconds, repeated for 34 cycles. Total RNA isolation and Cln3 RT-PCR primers and procedures have been previously described [12].
Subunit c accumulation assay
Cells were seeded into 4-well chamber-slides (Falcon) at a density of 5 × 104 cells per well for microscopy studies, or into 100 mm dishes (Falcon) at a density of 5 × 105 cells per dish for protein extraction. Cells were typically >95% confluent one day post-plating, and the following day was considered 1-day post-confluency. At the indicated times, cells were either fixed with 4% formaldehyde in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, for 20 minutes and processed for autofluorescence/subunit c immunostaining, or cell pellets were collected for total protein extraction.
Alternatively, cells were fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde/2% paraformaldehyde in 0.1 M cacodylate buffer, pH 7.4 for 1 hour and subsequently post-fixed and processed for TEM analysis as described [12]. In confocal microscopy studies, autofluorescent signal was observed over multiple wavelengths. For co-staining, settings were reduced such that autofluorescent signal did not contribute to antibody label signal.
Immunostaining and Immunoblot analysis
For immunostaining, cells were seeded at a density of 3–5 × 104 cells per well in 4-well chamber-slides and grown overnight at 33°C, unless indicated otherwise. Fixation was with ice-cold 4% formaldehyde in PBS, pH 7.4, for 20 minutes, or with ice-cold methanol/acetone (1:1) for 10 minutes at -20°C followed by air-drying (antibody-dependent). Cells were washed with PBS at least 2 times, 5 minutes per wash, between each of the following steps of the staining procedure: 0.1 M glycine in PBS for 5 minutes, 0.05% or 0.1% (antibody-dependent) Triton X-100 (Fisher Scientific) in PBS for 5 minutes, 2% bovine serum albumin (BSA) in PBS for 30 minutes, primary antibody diluted in 2% BSA/PBS for 90 minutes, secondary antibody diluted in 2% BSA/PBS for 60 minutes. All incubations were carried out at room temperature. Following staining procedures, slides were coverslipped with Vectashield mounting medium (Vector Laboratories) and analyzed on a BioRad Radiance 2100 confocal microscope (Biorad), with identical exposure settings for wild-type and mutant like images. All comparisons of wild-type and mutant staining were performed in Adobe Photoshop with identical brightness and contrast adjustments.
Total proteins were isolated from cell pellets by extraction with ice-cold 20 mM Tris, pH 7.4, 1% Triton X-100 (membrane-research grade, Roche), plus protease inhibitors (Complete mini tablet, 0.7 μg/ml pepstatin A, 2 μg/ml aprotinin, 5 μg/ml leupeptin [Roche]). Following homogenization through a 25-gauge needle (~10 passes), extracts were centrifuged at 1000 × g for 10 minutes, at 4°C, to remove debris. Typically, 20–40 μg of protein (determined by Bio-rad Dc Protein Assay) was separated by SDS-PAGE, for subsequent immunoblotting, as described [12]. 16.5% tris-tricine SDS-PAGE gels were used for subunit c immunoblotting experiments.
Cathepsin D activity assay
100 mm tissue culture dishes, which were approximately 80–90% confluent, were washed briefly with ice-cold PBS, and total protein extracts were isolated by scraping cells into 10 mM Tris, pH 7.4, 0.1% Triton X-100 followed by incubation on ice, for 20 minutes. The insoluble material was centrifuged at 14,000 g, the supernatant was isolated, and protein concentration was determined using the Bio-rad Dc Protein Assay. 50–70 μg of total protein extract were used to measure cathepsin D activity using the Fluorogenic Innozyme™ Cathepsin D Immunocapture Activity Assay Kit (EMD Biosciences) according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Relative fluorescence was measured using an Analyst AD plate reader (Molecular Devices) with the following filters and settings: excitation filter, 360-35; emission filter, 400-20, Flash lamp with 100 readings/well, 100 ms between readings, and 100,000 μs integration time.
Lysosomal staining and endocytic uptake
Cells were seeded at a density of 3–5 × 104 cells per well in 4-well chamber-slides and grown overnight at 33°C. Growth media was exchanged for fresh, pre-warmed growth media containing 500 nM Lysotracker or 1 mg/ml dextran-FITC, and cells were incubated at 33°C for 45 minutes or 15 minutes, respectively. Following labeling, cells were immediately placed on ice and washed for 10 minutes in ice-cold dye-free media, and fixed with 4% formaldehyde in PBS, for 20 minutes on ice. Chambers were removed and slides were coverslipped with Vectashield mounting media for confocal microscopy analysis, as described above.
Morphometric analysis of mitochondria
TEM photomicrographs (10,000 × – 40,000 × magnification) were taken from random grid fields. For length measurements, the longest side of each mitochondria was measured in centimeters, and along the length of the mitochondria, width measurements were taken every 2.5–4 mm (dependent on the magnification of the micrograph image). Following measurement, all numbers were normalized to reflect one magnification and data was analyzed using Microsoft Excel software. To ascertain unmagnified mitochondrial size, final measurement data, in centimeters, was converted to nanometers according to scale bar representation.
ATP measurement
ATP was measured by using the CellTiter-GLO® Luminescent Cell Viability kit (Promega), according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Briefly, cells were plated in a black opaque-walled 96 well plate (Packard Bioscience) at a density of 20000/well and incubated at 33°C overnight. The following day, CellTiter-GLO® Reagent was added to each well and cell lysis was induced by mixing 2 minutes. An ATP standard curve was prepared in the same plate. Before recording luminescence with a microplate luminometer (MicroLumat Plus LB 96V, Berthold Techonologies), the plate was dark adapted for 10 minutes at room temperature to stabilize the luminescence signal.
Hydrogen peroxide treatment assay
Cells were plated at a density of 10,000 cells/well in 96-well plates and incubated at 33°C overnight. The following day, fresh media containing varying concentrations of hydrogen peroxide was dispersed to each well. Cells were incubated in the presence of hydrogen peroxide for 24 hours, at 33°C, and viability was measured using the CellTiter-96® AQueous Non-Radioactive Cell Proliferation Assay (Promega), according to the manufacturer's specifications.
The authors thank Dr. E. Kominami for antibody to subunit c of mitochondrial ATPase, L. Trakimas and M. Ericsson of the Harvard Medical School Electron Microscope Facility, Dr. David Sulzer for assistance with TEM analysis, Dr. Sylvie Breton for assistance with endocytosis experiments, and Dr. Andre Bernards and James Follen for assistance with the cathepsin D activity assay. This work was supported by NIH/NINDS grant # NS 33648. Dr. S.L. Cotman received fellowship funding from the Batten Disease Support and Research Association (BDSRA).
Authors' Affiliations
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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


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Usually recording desktop screen activity is to create tutorials and usually we use the software to perform these activities. Screencasting is simple, download screen recording software program, then hit the record button and a video of your desktop screen is created and ready for uploading in to the video hosting like Youtube or other.
There are a many of Screen Recording Software to choose from paid until to free screen recording software, but did you know that you can also create screencast videos inside YouTube without requiring any desktop software?
Here's is guide on how you can record your windows desktop screen with YouTube. Before you do it, you must have Youtube account.
Youtube can Record Your Desktop Screen! How to do this?
|Source Image: Labnol.org
Sign-in to YouTube with your Google Account, click the Upload button in the upper left corner and choose Events under Live Streaming. If you never done this before, YouTube make require you to verify your phone number to enable streaming.
Step 2:
You are on the Create Event page. Give your screencast video a title, set the privacy of the video to either Unlisted or Private and click the "Go Live Now" button.
Step 3:
This will open the Hangouts on Air page. You can click the camera icon to turn off webcam recording. Similarly you can toggle the microphone icon if you do not wish to record audio.
Step 4:
Now click the Screenshare button in the left toolbox and select a desktop window that you wish to record for your screencast. Remember that if you using multiple virtual desktops, it will only show program windows that are active on the current desktop.
The last step is:
Click the Start Screenshare button to share your screen and then click Start Broadcast to start recording the screen. This is a private session so nobody can watch your broadcast while it is being recorded. When you are done with the recording, click the Stop Broadcast button and switch to the YouTube website.
|Source Image: Labnol.org


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Morgan Stanley could surprise with results: StarMine
April 18 - Morgan Stanley could beat earnings estimates by $0.03 when it reports Thursday before the bell, according to exclusive StarMine data.
Stanley is set to report weaker profits on Thursday before the bell but investors could actually be in for a treat according to start mine top -- analysts around artists has been. Crunching that exclusive data forest so to -- is -- high chance that Morgan can actually meets. Well that's highly rated. Analysts what -- very accurate track record that police its earnings per share it can be as high as 45 cents. This is three cents higher than the consensus mean a 42 and what is that analysts optimistic about. Optimistic about three things that -- markets could actually survived the European crisis. That corporations will meet capital and the future. And that the improving US economy could lift equity markets this start might say the stock is undervalued yes that that's that's -- that stock is trading at eighteen dollars and should be higher at 39 dollars -- -- -- thanks so much. I'm Rhonda -- this is Reuters.


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Enquirer has been told that all work experience placements should provide the school with a 'Young Persons Risk Assessment' detailing the processes they have in place to mitigate risk to young people.
The advice provided by the health and safety consultant is incorrect but the panel recognise that this is a commonly held view. HSE has recently issued new guidance which makes it clear what is required and explains how to take a proportionate approach. There is no requirement for an employer to complete a separate risk assessment specifically for a young person.
Employers are required to manage risks in their workplaces and organisers of placements should not be second-guessing this or adding unnecessary bureaucracy. The organisers should simply ask sensible questions to satisfy themselves that arrangements are in place, and ensure that the employer knows of any specific issues for the student. Please refer to HSE's guidance for more details.- www.hse.gov.uk/youngpeople/workexperience/organiser.htm
Sign-up below to receive news and updates from HSE.


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Many of us seek a real spiritual community which is loving, inclusive, spiritually lively and empowering of people of all genders, races and sexualities, both rich and poor.
The Johannite tradition represents just such a community. Guided by direct, experiential contact with the Divine, our tradition encourages personal responsibility and freedom of thought and practice
The Holy Grail Narthex is a study group of the Apostolic Johannite Church. We gather for fellowship, study, discussion, ritual, and generally uplifting times.
Please feel free to get in touch with our lay leader, Brother Jonathan, at [email protected] or at 514-438-6969 for further information, to get details on upcoming meetings, or if you just want to chat.


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Venezuelans in the Final Phase of the Bridge Over the Toa River
- Written by PL
- Published in Cuba
- 0 comments
Venezuela's Simón Bolívar International Civic-Military Rescue and Humanitarian Aid Brigade has begun the final phase of the construction of the bridge over the Toa River.
With the arrival of the last forty special steel beams for the construction of its metallic structure, the assembly of the pieces has begun, told to Prensa Latina the Provincial Director of Roads, Jesús Pérez.
The execution of the viaduct is currently at an 83 percent of the execution schedule, with the arrival of the beams and the components that were missing the work will be concluded on June 14 as scheduled, explained the official.
Meanwhile, he said, work is done on the placement of slabs of boards, pedestrian walkways, and rails, in the section that already has the metal structure on the side that gives access to the municipality of Moa.
Meanwhile, the construction companies of Guantanamo and Moa, are building the two embankments to approach the new bridge that will measure 225m long and 11 wide and a little more than 11m high.


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A total of 43 police stations in the Eastern Cape do not have Victim Centres for people who have fallen prey to abuse and violence.
In many towns, the police station is the only port of call for victims who cannot afford or are unable to go elsewhere. Victims of violence and abuse need privacy. A distressed and traumatised woman or child cannot be expected to talk about rape in a charge office full of people.
According to a reply to a legislature question I asked the MEC for Safety and Liaison, Weziwe Tikana, many of the 43 stations which had not established centres for victims of abuse and violence were in remote areas and small towns. For the reply, click Reply to q 166 Victim Centres
Crimes against women and children need to receive greater priority by the SAPS. There needs to be help at hand at all police stations to protect the victims of abuse. Violence against women has become one of the most prominent crimes in South Africa and in many instances cases that are reported to the police often fall by the wayside with a minority of perpetrators facing the consequences of their actions. More needs to be done to curb the ongoing violence and crimes against women and children.
Out of the total of 12 896 protection order cases reported over the last three financial years, 9 334 arrests had been made and went to court, but only 1 934 led to successful prosecution – 689 cases out of 3 215 in 2015/16, 841 out of 4 205 in 2016/17 and 404 out of the total of 1 914 court cases so far in 2017/18. Click here Reply to q 212 domestic violence
With this year's 16 Day of Activism theme "Count me in: Together moving a non-violent South Africa forward", the campaign is a chance for all communities to reflect on the change that is needed in order for our province to prosper.
I have written to MEC Tikana to request that the establishment of Victim Centres are prioritised at all police stations
The DA's vision for the Eastern Cape is one of a safe and secure province where our women and children, in particular, feel safe and where they know that they will receive the necessary support.– Bobby Stevenson MPL, Shadow MEC for Safety and Security


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Dear Friends and Fans of Sinister Wisdom,
We're writing with our first ever email update about Sinister Wisdom because we have just too much exciting news not to share!
New Website!
Check out www.SinisterWisdom.org to see our brand, new website! We've converted to a content management system that will facilitate updates about the magazine more easily, allow us to have a blog with news and information important to the Sinister Wisdom community (you can see the blog here: www.SinisterWisdom.org/blog), and soon will have all of our back issues featured with easy button to purchase back issues and fill out your collection of Sinister Wisdom.
A big thanks to Lori DeGolyer who has been volunteering and helping us out with getting the new content on the website. And the most heartfelt thanks and appreciation to Sue Lenearts who has been our webmistress for many years.
Sinister Wisdom 86: Ignite!
All subscribers should have received their copy of Sinister Wisdom 86: Ignite! which features fabulous lesbian writing, including poetry from lesbian slam poets, as well as a crop of great fiction and poetry. We hope that you are enjoying your copy. We've already been getting some praise about SW 86: Ignite!. We were so excited, we shared it on the blog here: http://www.sinisterwisdom.org/node/90
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Fall Fundraising Campaign
We work for Sinister Wisdom for free because we love it--and we believe in building and promoting lesbian literature and culture. The printer and the mail shop, however, need to be paid with US currency. Sinister Wisdom has a core of subscribers, but subscriber contributions don't cover the full expenses of producing three print issues of the journal each year. So we turn to the community to support Sinister Wisdom. Our goal is to raise $8,700 between now and October 30th to support Sinister Wisdom throughout 2013. Your contributions will help us do a number of things over the next year:
*Release the special issue dedicated to Adrienne Rich, Sinister Wisdom 87, scheduled to go to the printer on November 1, 2012.
*Produce three issues of Sinister Wisdom in 2013.
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Most importantly, your gift to Sinister Wisdom helps to ensure that Sinister Wisdom continues to be an important part of the lesbian community. Sinister Wisdom is a multicultural lesbian literary and arts journal. We've been publishing since 1976 through the generosity of women like you.
We hope to raise $8,700 in celebration of Sinister Wisdom 87 through our indiegogo campaign. Click here to contribute: http://www.indiegogo.com/projects/219076?a=982372
Please share this campaign with your friends, especially people who might not know about Sinister Wisdom (or know that we are still publishing!). We need to build our base of subscribers and supporters to continue the important work of Sinister Wisdom.
Benefit Reading for Sinister Wisdom in Oakland, CA
Sinister Wisdom business manager and board member (and all around fantastic dyke), Susan Levinkind, is organizing a benefit reading for Sinister Wisdom on Sunday, October 27, 2012 at Laurel Bookstore in Oakland, CA. Tickets are $10 in advance and $13 at the door, no one turned away for lack of funds!
Local contributors to Sinister Wisdom, Elana Dykewomon, Jewelle Gomez, and Amanda Ream will read. Please share the reading with friends and colleagues and ask them to mark their calendars to attend. If you are a contributor and will be in the Oakland area to join the reading, let us know, we'd love to have you read! More information about the reading will be on the Sinister Wisdom website, including the time, in the next few weeks as the event is finalized.
Thanks so much, Susan, and Luan, the owner of Laurel Books, for putting together this fantastic event to benefit Sinister Wisdom!
Sinister Wisdom Blog--special note for Contributors
We'd love to have updates from contributors for the Sinister Wisdom blog (www.SinisterWisdom.org/blog). Published a book of interest to lesbians? Contributed to an anthology? Reading in your local community? Launching a new project? We are happy to post news and information about folks in the Sinister Wisdom community. Send the announcement (preferably in a format that can be easily cut and paste) to firstname.lastname@example.com. We'll post it and send you a link as soon as we can.
How to Help Sinister Wisdom
There are lots of ways that you can be involved and support Sinister Wisdom. Here are a few simple ideas:
Sell Sinister Wisdom at local lesbian events. We're happy to send you issues on consignment to sell in your local community.
Ask your local bookstores or other lesbian-owned establishment to stock Sinister Wisdom with a standing order.
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A condition when the level of glucose or sugar in the blood becomes abnormally low is defined as hypoglycemia or low blood sugar.
When two to five hours have elapsed after a meal and the blood sugar reaches abnormally low levels; this is defined as reactive hypoglycemia.
Normal metabolism of carbohydrates becomes impossible if the pancreas of the body aren't working properly. When the sugar starts dropping, adrenaline and cortisol are stress hormones that kick in at high levels. This is to prevent a dramatic reduction in the stress levels of the body. In majority of the case, this causes the pancreas to oversecrete insulin. The transport of glucose from the bloodstream and into the cells, mainly to the fatty and muscle tissue is facilitated by insulin. In this manner, the liver can also synthesize glucose.
Fasting hypoglycemia is the name given to low blood sugar. When people abstain from food for more than eight hours, this condition occurs. Another type of hypoglycemia is reactive hypoglycemia. Other names for this type of hypoglycemia include postprandial hypoglycemia. Furthermore, when the low blood sugar and symptoms do not coincide during testing, it is commonly referred to as idiopathic postprandial syndrome.
Symptoms of Hypoglycemia
When the blood sugar level reaches 70 mg/dL or goes even lower, that's when people start feeling the symptoms of hypoglycemia. Different symptoms of hypoglycemia are experienced by every person suffering from diabetes. People learn to recognize their symptoms gradually. Headaches, hunger, dizziness, feeling shaky and confusion are some of the early symptoms experienced by people in early stages of hypoglycemia.
Home Remedies For Hypoglycemia
Licorice Root
Licorice root or astragalus can be used to aid a body in responding to stress. However, blood pressure can be elevated if licorice is used excessively. This herb should not be used daily for more than a week. In case of pregnant or nursing women or those who have high blood pressure, this should be avoided altogether.
Many health conditions can be alleviated with the help of this common alternative therapy. Decreasing stress and reducing anxiety is the primary purpose of this therapy. Hormone function can be regulated in this manner.
Green Tea
Green tea can prevent high fluctuations in glucose levels because it comprises of polyphenols. However, it may cause side effects amongst people because it also has caffeine in it. Green tea also helps in weight loss and thus maintain sugar levels.
Found in the form of capsules, powder and tea, ginseng is a popular plant. However, before taking any supplements or herbs, it is best to consult your doctor. This is because they can interfere with any medication that you are taking or can also cause some unwanted side effects if they aren't taking properly.
Fatigue can be reversed with ginseng if it's taken properly and it also has the ability of strengthening the nervous system and heart, improve memory and increases the ability of thinking and focus.
Chia Seeds
Blood sugar levels will not spike with the help of these seeds. Make some breakfast porridge with chia or a smoothie. For five minutes, two tablespoons of chia and hemp seeds should be soaked in boiling water. People can also add their favorite stevia, coconut flakes, fruits, coconut oil, berries or even raw nuts.
Blood sugar can be lowered when people eat cinnamon. Two or three fresh cinnamon sticks should be boiled in a quart of water. This has to be done for 15 to 20 minutes in order to make tea. People can drink the tea chilled or hit after removing the cinnamon from it.
Enjoy the remarkable benefits of cinnamon by adding it to smoothies, porridge or any other dishes. For 40 days, the recommended dose of cinnamon is 1 gram daily and its benefits last till 20 days.
Diet Treatments For Hypoglycemia
When a patient of diabetes consumes a meal that comprises of a lot of simple sugars; they may experience hypoglycemia. Reactive hypoglycemia is the name given to this condition.
This condition can also occur if a diabetic person drinks alcohol on an empty stomach, doesn't eat the entire meal, doesn't eat when sick, and misses a snack or eats later than normal. Hence, people suffering from diabetes shouldn't skip their meals, especially when they are also taking medicines.
Other Treatments
Bouts of hypoglycemia may be caused by strenuous exercise, but it can also be controlled with moderate exercise. Light exercise is recommended until level of blood sugar is regulated and then intense routines can be done. Instead of three large meals, it is best to eat six to eight small meals in a day.


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Our thanks to all the community members, children, teachers, teaching assistants and headteachers who attended and special thanks to Helen Ryan and Lee Ferguson from PCH's excellent and ever supportive Communities team.
Finally, after plenty of time for all the guests to view the exhibition and ask questions, PCH's Director of Manufacturing, Nick Jackson, presented every project participant with a certificate. We hope everyone left feeling proud of their contribution and well informed about the next stages of the project. From now on manufacturing will proceed in earnest with the next stop being installation of the public art and a big celebratory opening event in June 2015.
Barefoot's work on the ERNEMETAL public art project for Plymouth Community Homes reached a major milestone recently when the ERNEMETAL 'thank you' exhibition and celebration was held at PCH's headquarters at Plumer House. Over 40 of the participants attended, including children from Ernesettle Community School, members of the Ernesettle community, 6th Form students from Marine Academy Plymouth and young people from the Barefoot-run, Big Lottery-funded, SPACE Shot Youth Project.After burning the midnight and daytime oil hanging the exhibition (with material support from Plymouth College of Art) the Barefoot team introduced the project and explained ERNEMETAL's next steps. Then PCH workshop manager Andrew Macpherson outlined the construction process, involving steel, laminating and lasers, that will see the participants' art transformed into a permanent public display in Ernesettle's shopping street. Everyone then got a chance to see themselves at work with the first screening of James Ellwood's documentary film of the project, still to be completed as the Fotonow film maker continues to record ERNEMETAL's progress.
News >


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Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1956) Analysis
Snatching American Politics:
A look into the Multi-faceted film that is Invasion of the Body Snatchers
Many modern-day Americans fear that Russia is corrupting America's political landscape, but this is not a new concept as Americans in the 1950's felt a similar sentiment as evident by Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1956). While the modern fear of Russia stems from liberals who claim that Russia interfered with the 2016 Presidential election, during the early 1950's it was conservatives who said Russia was fostering a Communist community within America. As a result, the FBI thoroughly investigated the personal lives of many who they believed were Communist sympathizers. Just as in today's political landscape, this caused a great divide between conservatives and liberals as one side argued Communists have no right to be in America, while the other argued it should not matter to the government what type of political ideology an individual agrees with. In the mid fifties, at the height of the argument, Invasion of the Body Snatchers was released and was quickly claimed by conservatives as their flagship model for what could happen if Communists in America were not exterminated. However, conservatives were not the only political group that co-opted the film: Liberals also claimed the film, as they interpreted it as a critique of the anti-Communist ideology created Joseph McCarthy, the senator responsible for starting the Red Scare. But as history begins to repeat itself, the true meaning of the film becomes clear as the gothic element of doubling in Invasion of the Invasion of the Body Snatchers allows for the film to be satire of both liberal and conservative beliefs, as evidenced by the films dual commentary of McCarthyism and the infamous re-edited ending to the film.
Regardless of its political commentary, Invasion of the Body Snatchers is a staple in the sci-fi genre, as its "Pod People" have been referenced in pop culture for decades after the film's release. Set in the fictional California suburb of Santa Mira, a psychiatrist named Dr. Miles Bernell (Kevin McCarthy) examines several of the town's residents as they claim their loved ones have been replaced by identical imposters. While at first this is explained as a neurosis, as the plot unfolds it becomes apparent that the residents are in fact being replaced by aliens who are identical to the Santa Mira residents, except they are completely devoid of personality. As the film reaches its climax, Dr. Miles is able to escape, but not before the rest of the town is taken over and pods are loaded onto trucks to be taken to other towns. Fortunately, as Dr. Miles explains his story, word that an overturned truck carrying pods is reported and the FBI is sent to investigate.
At face value, Invasion of the Body Snatchers may appear to most audiences as just another fifties sci-fi film, but the use of the gothic element of doubling calls on the audience to examine the film more closely and see what commentary the film is making. Originally described by Freud in his essay on the Uncanny in 1919, "The 'double' was originally an insurance against destruction to the ego." This means that an individual is able to make an imaginary version of themselves in order to look at the replica objectively and pick out what is wrong without having to admit they were the one wrong in the first place. While the Pod People in Invasion of the Body Snatchers are not imaginary, the same concept applies. The narrative of the film makes very clear that the film's protagonist, Dr. Miles, fears the Pod People because they have "no need for love, desire, ambition or faith", causing them to be identical in personality. This allows Dr. Miles to realize that collectivism is a bad thing and that people should be their own person. However, even though the negatives of the Pod People are clearly laid out in the film, the interpretation of whom the Pod People symbolize is where groups of different political ideologies disagree.
When Invasion of the Body Snatchers was first released, audiences were quick to assess the film as an anti-Communist film because it appears to support McCarthyism, but over the years other interpretations have been made that makes the film seem like an attack on McCarthy. In his addresses to congress and the public in the early fifties, McCarthy argued that Communists were slowly infiltrating the public and private institutions that held the fibers of American society together. This exact belief serves as the central conflict of the film as Dr. Hill is unable to report his findings of the Pod People to the police since the police force has been taken over by Pod People. This conflict seemingly provides a textbook example of the idea that if America takes too long to exterminate Communists, they will take over the institutions that are supposed to keep trouble out of the country. If this interpretation is to be believed, it is quite clear that the film is pro-McCarthyism. However, the group that pushes for the anti-McCarthy angle of Invasion of the Body Snatchers refutes that the film is not about social institutions being taken over by arguing that in the film, but rather that institutions are already taken over before Dr. Miles arrives in Santa Mira at the beginning of the film. Those that are anti-McCarthy argue that this means evil within the police force, government, and educational institutions already exist at the films start, and the Pod People had been in control for quite some time. If this interpretation is to be believed, then the film is suggesting that the real threat to individualism lies in the elected officials like Joseph McCarthy. This completely negates the argument that the film supports McCarthyism, and instead explains to the audience why McCarthy is corrupting American society.
In addition to how the film depicts Joseph McCarthy, Invasion of the Body Snatcher's ending has also been central to the argument of both conservatives and liberals. The original ending of the film was altered after Allied Artists, the company that made the film, saw the final cut and made dramatic changes, making audiences question what the true ending is. In the theatrical cut of the film, Dr. Miles's account of the Pod People in Santa Mira is initially ignored by the psychiatrist he is telling it to, but after the psychiatrist hears a report that a truck full of pea pod structures was involved in an accident he alerts the FBI of Dr. Miles' testimony so they can eliminate the Pod People. By having the FBI act as the saviors in the film, conservatives have been able to link communists to Pod People because they too were dealt with by the FBI. The direct connection of the apathetic Pod People to Communists is linked further by the testimony of Danny Peary who in his book, Cult Movies, notes, "Most American children in the fifties were taught that Communists had no feelings – especially concerning life or death – which is why, they were told the Russian/Red Chinese would feel no qualms about going to war and losing much of their population." With this interpretation, the case that Invasion of the Body Snatchers is anti-communist gains a lot of strength. But the authenticity of Invasion of the Body Snatchers true ending quickly attempts to discredit this evidence. As noted by film historian Andrew Gordon in the publication Science Fiction Studies, there were elements in the final version of Invasion of the Body Snatchers that were not in the version screened for Allied Artist Pictures such as, "a framing story, voice-over narration, and a new, happier ending." The reason these elements exist in the final version is because the studio asked for them to be put in before the film's release in order to replace the film's original downbeat ending. The revelation of the film's original ending leads audiences to question whether or not the film is actually suggesting that the FBI is the cure for the Pod People. In the original ending, Dr. Miles frantically tries to get the attention of motorists on the freeway to alert them of the Pod People's invasion, but after he is unable to do so, he looks into the camera and yells, "You're next!" This ending suggests instead that the film is speaking directly to the American audience and warning them that they need to take action to prevent a Pod People-like invasion from happening. If this is the case, then the idea of the FBI coming to save the day is totally absent from the film and it instead warns the audience to take action themselves. This significant alteration would change the film's message to being anti-government instead of promoting the idea the government will save the day.
While it seems like any argument made by conservatives claiming the film is anti-communist is quickly discredited by liberals, that does not mean both interpretations do not have a place within the film. When comparing the legitimacy of both interpretations of the film, there is difficulty in deciding which one is more substantial in terms of its evidence. While liberals do have a point in saying the Pod People already had hold of Santa Mira at the start of the film, suggesting they represented elected officials, their claim about the films original ending suggesting the audience rise up against the government does not have weight, as at the end of the day it was not included in the final cut. As a result, it can be derived that maybe both anti-communist ideals and anti-McCarthy ideals are represented in the film. The director of the film, Don Siegel, did claim that the film had no political message whatsoever as he stated in an interview with writer Alan Lovell. However, what happens if we entertain the notion that both interpretations are correct? What does the film say if it suggests that being both anti-Communist and anti-McCarthyist is incorrect? Are the two ideas not polar opposites from one another meaning that one has to be correct? Maybe the idea of all of society being wrong is the true point of Invasion of the Body Snatchers. As aforementioned, Freud describes that people need to have a double in order to find faults in themselves or their ego will get in the way, hence why the gothic element of doubling exists in so many texts. Perhaps Invasion of the Body Snatchers is set in a near-perfect representation of an American suburb so the audience members of the film can critique themselves. When looking at the film from the angle of self-critique, both interpretations outlined make sense as the real meaning of the film then becomes that there are errors in conformist politics that leads to an us-versus-them battle. At the time of the film's release, the importance of the message is ironically ignored by the fact that the fifties audience did not recognize it as they were too busy fighting over claim for the film so that they would have a new piece of evidence to use when tearing one another apart.
In conclusion, Invasion of the Body Snatchers has been fought over by both conservatives and liberals since its initial release over sixty years ago. While it has been previously understood that accepting the anti-Communist view meant disregarding the anti-McCarthy one, and vice-versa, there is an interpretation of the film that allows both to be accepted. This view is, of course, the idea that the film warns America against all forms of conformist politics, whether it be left or right. As conformist politics foster an us versus them battle that compromises America's wellbeing. Even though the message of anti-conformist politics was overlooked by audiences in the fifties, as evident by the continued battle of hyper-conservatives and hyper-liberals over the film that rages on today, maybe the current generation can learn from the film, as fears of foreign influence are once again sweeping over the country as the us versus them battle is raging throughout the country yet again.
Thank you for visiting Celluloid Cinema, please leave your thoughts in the comments below.


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Drug Rehab:
New Milford
Statistics have shown that their are approximately 42 marijuana users, 18 people abusing prescription drugs, and 6 cocaine addicts that live in New Milford, Pennsylvania.
There will also be close to 5 people arrested this year for drug charges.
If deciding that you require help with an addiction problem you have made the first and hardest step toward recovery, however the next step of finding that help can be a difficult task if you do not know where to look. This page provides a list of private, public, non-profit, and gay drug rehab programs and intervention specialists near New Milford, Pennsylvania.
New Milford is located in Susquehanna County and contains the following zip codes:
Addiction Recovery Programs for New Milford, Pennsylvania
Sitemap - Privacy & Terms - Contact Us - Drug Rehab
Copyright © 2007, Sober Pursuit, All Rights Reserved.


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There is still time to join PTA. The class with the highest membership will win a class ice cream party.
Take a look back at all things LPS in this month's issue of the LPS ReView. You will find news stories, district events, personality profiles, sports, editorials and much more! OCTOBER ISSUE
more headlines
- 2018 Pat Hunt Sporting Clay Shoot
- EL Parent Meeting with Amber Parks
- Reunión de padres EL con Amber Parks
- English Learner Parent Meeting
- PTA Bingo Night
- UPDATED Bus Changes 8/24/18
- School Meal Online Payment OPEN
- 2018-2019 X-Tended Time Program
- JOM School Supply Distribution
- Free and Reduced Lunch Applications
Live Feed
NO School October 12th
Woodland Hills
Candy Grams for sale. Oct 8-26 Delivery Oct. 31
Woodland Hills
WHS Book Fair Coming Soon Join us in the enchanted forest Nov. 5- Nov.9 Online book fair opens Oct 30th. Here is the link to shop. http://www.scholastic.com/bf/woodlandhillselemschool2
Woodland Hills
Fall Break Oct 17-Oct. 21
Woodland Hills
Parent Teacher Conferences Oct. 15 & 16
Woodland Hills
Copy and paste our Scholastic Book Fair link to shop, look at flyer or create wishlist. http://www.scholastic.com/bf/woodlandhillselemschool2 view image
Woodland Hills Elementary
Deadline to register to vote is Oct.20,2017! Election Day is Nov.14th! Forms in office. #woodsmen #lawtonps #LawtonCAN view image
Woodland Hills Elementary
Come join the fun at Woodland Hills, Thursday, Aug. 31! Basket Bingo begins at 6:00 pm #woodsmen #lawtonps view image


text: Our innovative program is designed for both mature individuals with established experience in the field and recent graduates who wish to further their practices. It differentiates itself from other programs by coupling intensive on-campus sessions in the summer with traveling spring and fall sessions. This model enhances our ability to be a truly international program—from our students, to faculty, to off-premise meeting destinations. The art world is situated within a global market and our program is designed to access and utilize this enriching perspective.hartfordphotomfa.org


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Fianna Fáil Leader Micheál Martin has criticised Minister for Education Ruairí Quinn for continually talking down our education system and portraying it as second rate.
Deputy Martin commented, "I can't stand by and listen to Minister Quinn talk down our education system when it is blatantly wrong, irresponsible and politically motivated. When Minister Quinn describes as "manure" the idea that we have one of the best education systems in the world, he is insulting every teacher in the country and jeopardising future FDI investments. Does the Minister ever stop and think what a CEO of a major multinational might think when she looks at Ireland and sees our own Minister for Education deriding our education system? Not only is the Minister blatantly wrong but he is undermining one of the central planks of the country's job creation strategy.
"If we had a second rate education system, would we be the number one country in the world for jobs created by Foreign Direct Investment? Would we have 240,000 direct and indirect FDI supported jobs? Would we have eight of the top 10 high-tech and pharmaceutical firms and 15 of the top 20 medical devices firms based here? Would we have 30,000 people working in financial services, a sector that is expected to add 10,000 jobs over the next five years? These are all significant achievements over the past 14 years. They are achievements that our education system can be proud of and take credit for.
"Minister Quinn's derision for Irish education is self-serving and wrong. By every objective standard, the Irish labour force is among the best educated in the world; the share of population aged 25-34 with a third level qualification is higher than in the US or the UK, and is above the OECD average. We were ranked 4th in the world in terms of skilled labour and 6th for labour productivity by the IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook 2010. These are all facts that the Minister is now choosing to ignore. While our education system isn't perfect and it is clear we need to address funding problems at third level and skills shortages in the area of ICT and languages, this does not justify the contempt that Minister Quinn continues to display.
"We are hugely proud of our education system and what it has achieved. It has been the backbone of job creation in this country and continues to be a major attraction to foreign multinationals looking to invest in Ireland. Over the past number of months, we have seen job announcements from likes of Paypal, Accenture, Mastercard and Twitter. These join the likes of Google, Facebook, Microsoft, Dell, Intel, AOL and HP who all continue to be committed to Ireland.
"It is easy to see why a Minister focussed solely on his personal political reputation would choose to say our system is broken and that he's the man to fix it. But education is too important to be treated in this way. It is also wrong and unfair on everyone working in a system that has achieved so much and continues to achieve."
Quinn's Contempt for Irish Education is Self-Serving and Wrong – FF Leader
25/05/2012 in Archive Press Releases
Fianna Fáil Leader Micheál Martin has criticised Minister for Education Ruairí Quinn for continually talking down our education system and portraying it as second rate.


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Romancing Your Better Half
Keeping Intimacy Alive in Your Marriage
Rick Johnson
Romantic love is often thought to wane after the first few years of marriage. The author takes the read through what intimacy is and how to keep it going in your marriage. Written for both the husband and the wife, this book is full of facts, statistics, Biblical advice, and practical tips. The book reads like a well researched paper with all of the facts about marriage. But the author throws in personal stories that are either from his own experiences or that fit well with the subject matter. At the end of each chapter is a section that gives some suggestions for taking the advice in the chapter and putting it to practical use.
I could tell the book had been written by a man. It had a more logical approach with less of an emotional feel. But the content was good, the chapters weren't too long, and the author added humor and stories to lighten all of the facts. I certainly don't see my husband reading this, but it would perhaps work if we read it together over the course of several months. It isn't really a how-to book, but more about digging deeper and the theory of intimacy.
I received this book free of charge from Revell Reads in exchange for my honest review.


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The skin is cleansed with pre-wax lotion and then a warm wax is applied to the full leg, underarm and bikini line, the hair is removed and then after wax lotion is applied to help soothe the skin. Results can last up to four weeks depending on hair growth.
<< Back to Waxing


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Space to be ... Space to grow
The Hamblin Centre is an educational and therapeutic centre, spiritual sanctuary and gathering place in Bosham, West Sussex, nestled between Chichester and Portsmouth. Fashioned entirely from wood, it is set in three acres of beautiful gardens which include a tranquil pond, a meditation sanctuary and a bountiful selection of plants and trees.
Several spaces in the centre are available to hire, and the rooms all have a friendly, intimate feel. Hamblin Hall will seat up to 70 people with an attached fully-fitted kitchen with cooker, refrigerator and dishwasher. The hall is an ideal venue for health and wellbeing classes or gatherings, with carpeted flooring and modern audio-visual equipment for talks and seminars. In addition to the hall, there is a library and an individual therapy room available for hire for meetings or therapy sessions. There is free parking on site and disabled access to the hall.
Have a look at our new gift vouchers, which make meaningful gifts for friends or loved ones.
Close by is the beautiful sailing harbour of Bosham with its famous Saxon church and picturesque village setting, close to the South Downs.
Please see the photo gallery below to get a feel of the centre and its environs.
Events and Activities
The Hamblin Centre's vision is to offer a range of opportunities and activities that help people to relax, regenerate and reconnect with all that is uplifting in life. We do this by providing a varied and inspiring programme of events including meditations, regular talks and workshops, health and fitness classes, discussion groups, healing, counselling, mindfulness and meditation and three low-cost affordable clinics in Reiki, Remedial Massage and Reflexology.
Retreat Lodges
We also have attractive retreat lodges, sleeping up to 3 adults per lodge, set in the relaxing grounds. These modern and comfortable holiday lodges have everything you need for a perfect short break or holiday rental. The lodges have a twin/double bedroom and an open-plan living room with a sofa bed and kitchen area as well as a separate bathroom. French doors lead to a patio area and beyond into the lovely woodland and gardens. For more information click here.
Henry Thomas Hamblin
The Hamblin Centre is set in the grounds of the former home of Henry Thomas Hamblin, the Christian mystic and prolific author and publisher, who lived in Bosham from 1914 until his death in 1958.
About us
The Hamblin Centre is run by the Hamblin Trust, which is a spiritual and educational charity whose purpose is to help people experience health, happiness and inner fulfilment. The Trust's mission is complemented by the work of current organisations, teachers and professionals in related fields who promote a holistic approach to living.
The Trust was established following the death of Henry Thomas Hamblin in 1958. Hamblin, born on 19th March 1873, was colloquially known as 'The Saint of Sussex' and, whilst essentially a Christian mystic, his philosophy was truly universal, embracing the truths of all faiths. He was a prolific author and wrote a number of books and a series of spiritual lessons as well as publishing a magazine, The Science of Thought Review. Hamblin's spiritual message and vision can be summarised in the phrase, "Change your thinking – change your life. Within you is the power".
We publish an online digital magazine and sell various print books.
The Trust was created in July 1960 and is not endowed. It is a registered charity administered by a company limited by guarantee. The charity's registration number is 1133567.
Many people wish to help the Trust. If you wish to help us in furthering the spiritual work of H.T. Hamblin, then you could consider joining the Trust as a member, buying a gift voucher, or making a donation. The Online Donation Scheme can be used by clicking on the button below.
Volunteering with us
We are always happy to accept offers of voluntary help. Whether you can offer a regular commitment or only offer a few hours of occasional help, you will be very welcome! Volunteering opportunities include: administrative support, gardening, cleaning, meet & greet for events, and many others. If you are interested in helping us in our work of providing a caring, informing, inspiring and energising space, please contact us.