text:
- Research article
- Open Access
Bacteroides fragilis metabolises exopolysaccharides produced by bifidobacteria
© The Author(s). 2016
- Received: 27 January 2016
- Accepted: 12 July 2016
- Published: 15 July 2016
Bacteroides fragilis is the most frequent species at the human intestinal mucosal surface, it contributes to the maturation of the immune system although is also considered as an opportunistic pathogen. Some Bifidobacterium strains produce exopolysaccharides (EPS), complex carbohydrate polymers that promote changes in the metabolism of B. fragilis when this microorganism grows in their presence. To demonstrate that B. fragilis can use EPS from bifidobacteria as fermentable substrates, purified EPS fractions from two strains, Bifidobacterium longum E44 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis R1, were added as the sole carbon source in cultures of B. fragilis DSMZ 2151 in a minimal medium. Bacterial counts were determined during incubation and the evolution of organic acids, short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and evolution of EPS fractions was analysed by chromatography.
Growth of B. fragilis at early stages of incubation was slower in EPS than with glucose, microbial levels remaining higher in EPS at prolonged incubation times. A shift in metabolite production by B. fragilis occurred from early to late stages of growth, leading to the increase in the production of propionate and acetate whereas decrease lactate formation. The amount of the two peaks with different molar mass of the EPS E44 clearly decreased along incubation whereas a consumption of the polymer R1 was not so evident.
This report demonstrates that B. fragilis can consume some EPS from bifidobacteria, with a concomitant release of SCFA and organic acids, suggesting a role for these biopolymers in bacteria-bacteria cross-talk within the intestine.
- Bacteroides fragilis
- Exopolysaccharides
- Bifidobacterium
- Heteropolysaccharides
The colonic microbiota is a complex community whose metabolic activity influences our health and nutritional status through diverse pathways [1]. Microbiota of adult healthy people is dominated by the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, even though the composition at the species level is highly variable among individuals [2, 3]. Members of this microbiota are able to degrade complex polysaccharides and, therefore, genes involved in the degradation and consumption of these compounds are widespread among the genomes of microbiota-resident species [4, 5]. In this respect, the genus Bacteroides has the ability to use a wide range of carbohydrates, this ability varying as depending on the species considered [6]. Bacteroides is an anaerobic, bile-resistant, non-spore forming, and Gram negative rod [7] that accounts for up to 20–50 % of the total microbiota in most individuals [8]. Bacteroides fragilis is the most frequent species at the mucosal surface [9] and can contribute to the development and maturation of the host immune system [10]. This species has an extraordinarily good adaptability to environmental changes due to its capacity to regulate the cell surface [11]. Consequently B. fragilis is the clinical isolate most frequently found in systemic infections, this microorganism being then considered as an opportunistic pathogen [7].
Exopolysaccharides (EPS) are complex carbohydrates located outside the cell; some Bifidobacterium strains, as well as many other microorganisms, are able to produce these polymers [12]. The synthesis of these compounds in the intestine has not been demonstrated yet. However, it has been proven in vitro that the presence of bile, which is released to the small intestine during digestion, stimulates the production of EPS by bifidobacteria [13]. EPS could be constituted either by a unique type of monomer, named as homopolysaccharides (HoPS), or by more than one monosaccharide type, then known as heteropolysaccharides (HePS). All bifidobacterial EPS characterized until present are HePS [14].
Differential growth of members from the genus Bacteroides in the presence of EPS isolated from Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains has been previously reported [15, 16]. Particularly, two EPS fractions isolated from Bifidobacterium longum E44 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis R1, have shown the capacity to act as fermentable substrates by the intestinal microbiota, thus promoting the increase of Bacteroides populations in faecal cultures [15, 17]. Specific changes have been demonstrated as well in the metabolism of B. fragilis when grown in an undefined and complex medium in the presence of EPS E44 and R1 as compared with cultures in glucose [18]. Although these studies suggest that Bacteroides can use bifidobacterial EPS as fermentable substrates, this had not yet been effectively proven. In the present work, we assessed this question by testing the ability of B. fragilis DSMZ 2151 to growth in a minimal medium at the expenses of EPS from bifidobacteria when they are the sole carbon and energy source available.
Bacterial strains and culture media
Frozen stocks of B. fragilis DSMZ 2151 (DSMZ bacterial pure collection, Braunschewig, Germany) were reactivated in Gifu anaerobic medium (GAM) broth (Nissui Pharmaceutical Co., Tokyo, Japan) supplemented with 0.25 % (w/v) L-cysteine (Sigma Chemical co., St. Louis, MO, USA) (named GAMc) and incubated overnight at 37 °C in an anaerobic cabinet (Mac 100; Don Whitley Scientific, West Yorkshire, UK) under a 10 % H2, 10 % CO2, and 80 % N2 atmosphere. pH free batch cultures of B. fragilis were performed in a modified minimal medium (MM) previously used in B. fragilis metabolism studies [19]. Briefly, the medium contained per litre: (NH4)2SO4, 1 g; KH2PO4, 0.9 g; NaCl, 0.9 g; CaCl2 · 2H20, 26.5 mg; MgCl · 6H20, 20 mg; MnCl2 · 4H20, 10 mg; FeSO4 · 7H20, 4 mg; CoCl2 · 6H20, 1 mg; resazurin, 1 mg; vitamin B12, 10 μg; vitamin K1, 2 mg; and haemin, 4 mg. MM was supplemented with 0.5 % (w/v) of glucose, EPS E44 or EPS R1 and the final pH of the medium ranged between 7.6 and 7.9. MM was inoculated with a 1 % (v/v) overnight culture of B. fragilis in GAMc in a final volume of 10 mL. A culture of B. fragilis inoculated in MM without carbon source added was used as a negative control. Potential changes over time in the characteristics of the EPS fractions during incubation not due to the microbial action were monitored in uninoculated MM added with EPS. Bacterial growth was monitored by counting in agar-GAMc plates at 0, 24, 48, 72 and 144 h of incubation. Experiments were run in triplicate using the same inoculum in all conditions.
EPS isolation
The EPS fractions were obtained from the strains B. animalis subsp. lactis IPLA R1 [20], a dairy origin strain, and B. longum IPLA E44 [21], a faecal isolate from a healthy adult faeces. Cellular biomass was harvested with ultrapure water from agar-MRS (Biokar, Allone, France) plates with 0.25 % (w/v) L-cysteine (Sigma) and incubated for 3 days at 37 °C under anaerobic conditions [22]. In brief, EPS was separated from the cellular biomass by gently stirring overnight with one volume of 2 M NaOH at room temperature. Then, cells were removed by centrifugation and EPS were precipitated from the supernatant with two volumes of absolute cold ethanol for 48 h at 4̊ C. After centrifugation at 10,000 x g for 30 min at 4̊ C, the EPS fraction was resuspended in ultrapure water and dialyzed against water during 3 days in 12- to 14-kDa molecular weight cut off dialysis tubes (Sigma). The protein content of the polymers was determined by the BCA protein assay kit (Pierce, Rockford, IL, USA) following the manufacturer's instructions. Finally, EPS fractions were freeze-dried. The EPS E44 and R1 fractions contained 2.25 % and 1.99 % protein, respectively.
To check the purity of the EPS and test for the eventual presence of bacterial glycogen, EPS E44 and R1 fractions and glycogen (Roche, Switzerland) were digested with α-amylase (Sigma, USA) and/or pullulanase (Sigma, USA) and degradation profiles were compared. Digested samples were run in a TLC gel as described by Koropatkin and Smith [23]. In brief, each reaction mixture contained 1 mg/mL of substrate (EPS R1, EPS E44 or commercial glycogen) and 22 μg/mL of one or both enzymes in a 20 mM HEPES buffer. After 4 h of digestion at 37 °C, 6 μl of each sample reaction were placed and dried in a TLC Silica Gel 60 (Merk, Germany). Gels were transferred to a solvent chamber with a 3:1:1 mixture of isopropanol: ethylacetate: water, run for 3 h and revealed by irrigating a 5 % sulfuric dilution in ethanol and were dried at 120 C° for 10 min. (Additional file 1: Figure S1).
Metabolite analysis and EPS molar mass distribution and quantification
Organic acids (lactic, succinic and formic) formed during incubation were analysed by HPLC. Cell-free supernatants from cultures were filtered (0.2 μm) and quantified using an Alliance 2695 module injector, a PDA 966 photodiode array detector, a 2414 differential refractometer detector and the Empower software (Walters, Mildford, MA), following the chromatographic conditions described previously [22]. The weight average molar mass (Mw) distribution of EPS fractions was determined in the same equipment by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) using two different columns placed in series, TSK-Gel G3000 PWxL and TSK-Gel G5000 PWxL (Supelco-Sigma) and the multiangle laser light scattering (MALLS) detector DawnHeleos II (Wyatt Europe GmbM, Dembach, Germany) as described previously [22]. The EPS peaks were detected and quantified with the refractive index detector, using standards of dextran (Fluka-Sigma) of different molar masses; the presence of proteins was monitored through a PDA detector set at 220 nm [17]. Short chain fatty acids (SCFA; acetic and propionic) were quantified in the supernatants by Gas Chromatography (GC) using a system composed of a 6890 N gas chromatograph (Agilent Technologies Inc., Palo Alto, CA, USA) connected with a FID detector (Agilent) and a mass spectrometry (MS) 5973 N detector (Agilent) as described previously [15]. Concentrations were expressed in millimolar (mM).
Statistical analysis
One way ANOVA statistical tests was run to compare the evolution of the different parameters analysed along time or among cultures with the different carbon and energy sources by means of the IBM SPSS software, version 22.00 (IBM, Armonk, New York, USA). SNK post-hoc test was used when required.
The digestion pattern of EPS fractions E44 and R1 with the enzymes α-amylase (endohydrolysis of 1,4- α-D-glucosidic linkages) and pullulanase (endohydrolysis of 1,6-α-D-glucosidic linkages), were clearly different from that of glycogen (Additional file 1: Figure S1). This indicates that the release of intracellular glycogen during the process of obtaining the EPS fractions is negligible. Therefore, the results obtained through our work should be related with EPS polymers.
Growth and metabolic parameters of B. fragilis grown in glucose, EPS or without carbon source
Carbon source
Time (h)
Acetic acid
Propionic acid
Lactic acid
Succinic acid
Formic acid
Total metabolites*
Bacterial counts+
3.46 ± 0.19a B
42.95 ± 1.40a C
9.58 ± 0.07d C
3.75 ± 0.27a B
45.73 ± 1.22ab D
8.47 ± 0.16c B
4.37 ± 0.18b C
47.11 ± 0.41b C
0.86 ± 0.09
7.76 ± 0.06b A
4.56 ± 0.52b B
46.02 ± 1.96ab D
7.46 ± 0.17a B
1.24 ± 0.06b B
0.78 ± 0.08b A,B
0.45 ± 0.07b A
0.43 ± 0.04a B
3.01 ± 0.11a B
1.60 ± 0.10a B
2.83 ± 0.53a A
9.17 ± 0.12c B
0.93 ± 0.08a A,B
0.39 ± 0.08a A
0.95 ± 0.05c A
1.27 ± 0.24b C
3.56 ± 0.22b C
2.44 ± 0.30b C
0.98 ± 0.12a A
8.91 ± 0.02b C
1.89 ± 0.10c B
0.95 ± 0.13b B
0.77 ± 0.08c A
1.67 ± 0.46b B
5.31 ± 0.34c B
2.01 ± 0.19ab C
2.48 ± 0.38a
9.05 ± 0.05bc B
5.53 ± 0.08d C
2.75 ± 0.13c C
0.26 ± 0.15a A
1.40 ± 0.31b B
10.07 ± 0.39d C
2.01 ± 0.12ab B
26.24 ± 12.29b A
8.68 ± 0.14a C
1.70 ± 0.11a C
1.37 ± 0.12b B
0.16 ± 0.10b A
0.26 ± 0.05b A
0.73 ± 0.25a C
4.22 ± 0.09a B
1.25 ± 0.03a B
5.40 ± 0.54b C
14.03 ± 7.32a B
9.01 ± 0.09b B
1.40 ± 0.22a B
0.82 ± 0.12a B
0.49 ± 0.09c A
0.15 ± 0.01a A
1.92 ± 0.12c B
4.81 ± 0.37b B
1.70 ± 0.08b B
5.64 ± 0.55b B
2.86 ± 0.12a B
9.17 ± 0.09b D
2.08 ± 0.10b B
1.44 ± 0.16b C
0.12 ± 0.09b A
0.26 ± 0.00b B
1.35 ± 0.18b B
5.25 ± 0.09b B
1.45 ± 0.11a B
5.62 ± 0.62b B
25.26 ± 19.65a
9.15 ± 0.13b B
3.13 ± 0.18c B
1.70 ± 0.09c B
0.02 ± 0.01a A
0.53 ± 0.02c A
1.27 ± 0.26b B
6.65 ± 0.34c B
1.85 ± 0.20b B
3.21 ± 0.29a A
>100b B
6.73 ± 0.21a A
0.21 ± 0.05a A
0.26 ± 0.03a A
0.11 ± 0.07a A
0.09 ± 0.03a A
0.72 ± 0.12a A
8.36 ± 0.15c A
0.27 ± 0.05a A
0.34 ± 0.03b A
0.21 ± 0.01b A
0.17 ± 0.03b A
1.01 ± 0.05a A
8.10 ± 0.06c A
0.35 ± 0.06a A
0.36 ± 0.00b A
0.20 ± 0.03b A
0.17 ± 0.04b A
1.08 ± 0.02a A
7.84 ± 0.11b A
0.66 ± 0.22b A
0.51 ± 0.05c A
0.23 ± 0.05b A
0.26 ± 0.03c A
1.68 ± 0.35b A
6.61 ± 0.19a A
The production of fermentation end-products from the catabolism of carbohydrates by B. fragilis was notably higher in glucose than in EPS and also in medium with the different EPS than in the medium without carbohydrates added all along the incubation period considered in the study (p < 0.05) (Table 1). Glucose was depleted in the culture medium after 24 h (data not shown) and metabolite levels remained without noticeable variations until 144 h of incubation. In contrast, total metabolites produced in medium with both EPS increased continuously until the end of fermentation, reaching clearly higher levels at the end of the incubation period in the culture with EPS E44 than in EPS R1 (p < 0.05). We analysed more in depth the evolution pattern of the different organic acids and SCFA formed during incubation (Table 1). The acetic to propionic acids ratio displayed higher values in glucose than in both EPS (p < 0.05) whereas, conversely, the propionic to succinic as well as the acetic to lactic acid ratios showed a trend (p < 0.1) to display higher values in cultures with EPS than with glucose. Regarding levels of the different microbial metabolites in cultures with EPS, the acetic, propionic and succinic acids increased until 24 h, decreased from 24 to 48–72 h, and increased again until the end of incubation. On the opposite, the concentration of lactic acid reached the maximum value at 48 h and then experienced a continuous decrease until the end of incubation (p < 0.05). As a consequence, at 48 h the acetic to lactic acid ratio reached its minimum value whereas the acetic to propionic ratio attained its maximum in cultures with EPS E44.
The use of bacterial EPS by Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron has been described before with HoPS produced by some lactic acid bacteria and Streptococcus spp. [6, 16, 25]. Although the use of HePS from bifidobacteria had not been definitely demonstrated yet, we have previously identified changes in the metabolism of B. fragilis in the presence of these polymers in an undefined medium [18]. Results from the current study demonstrated an effective growth of this specie in the presence of HePS. As compared to glucose, Bacteroides population levels attained with our EPS at early stages of growth were lower, but probably the slow utilization of these polymers and hence their availability as carbon source along incubation contributed to maintain the microbial levels at late states of growth, this phenomenon being more pronounced with EPS E44 than with EPS R1. Besides, a differential metabolic activity of B. fragilis in the presence of EPS as compared to glucose was evidenced. B. fragilis remained metabolically active in cultures with EPS for a longer period of time, with the highest activity corresponding to the cultures with the polymer E44. Variations obtained in metabolic profiles of Bacteroides cultures as depending on the carbon sources were similar to those indicated previously by us using an undefined medium [18]. Additionally, higher propionic to succinic acid ratios with complex carbon sources relative to glucose, similar to that found in the current study, have been previously reported [26].
In the present study we observed a clear shift in the metabolite production by B. fragilis during the time course of fermentation in the presence of EPS with respect to glucose, which was more pronounced with the polymer E44 than with R1. Coinciding with the depletion in the amount of EPS polymers from 48 h of incubation, a gradual increase in the concentrations of acetic, propionic and succinic acids and a decrease in the levels of lactic acid occurred until the end of incubation. It has been previously suggested that, in Bacteroides, the production of propionate through the succinate/propionate pathway could be a cell response to optimize cell energy production while keeping the intracellular redox balance [18, 19]. Although B. fragilis has the capacity to metabolize moderate amounts of lactic acid [27] as well as amino acids [28], our work was performed in a minimal medium, so that no amino acid sources were available and the scarce consumption of lactic acid that may occur does not explain the growth and metabolic activity of the bacterium in such conditions.
The results from SEC-MALS chromatography indicated that B. fragilis was able to use the EPS E44 produced by Bif. longum as a fermentable substrate. The chemical structure of EPS E44 has not been elucidated yet but it is known that EPS E44 contains glucose and galactose in its composition [22]. It is then possible that the saccharolytic enzymatic machinery of B. fragilis could include enzymes able to participate in the degradation of this complex substrate. On the other hand, changes in growth and metabolic patterns occurring at late stages of growth in EPS E44 could be related with the cessation of consumption of the smaller peak beyond 72 h of incubation, and hence with a scarcity of carbon source available from this time. Our results are not conclusive about the possible degradation of the EPS R1 fraction by B. fragilis. Even though there were no significant changes attributable to the activity of B. fragilis in the EPS peaks of high and medium molar mass, we could not rule out changes in the amount of the smallest polymer, not considered in our study because the overlapping with a protein peak. Variations in this small polymer may provide a possible explanation for the increased metabolic activity evidenced in cultures of B. fragilis until 72 h of incubation in the presence of the EPS R1 fraction as compared to the control in MM without carbon sources added. The EPS R1 fraction is formed by glucose, galactose and rhamnose [24] and only the chemical structure of the high molar mass peak has been determined to date, which is composed by 50 % rhamnose [29]. Although we know that the presence of both EPS stimulates the production of α-glucosidase by B. fragilis, the high molar mass polymer of the EPS R1 fraction lacks the α-linkages targeted by this enzymatic activity [29]. This together with the inability of B. fragilis to ferment rhamnose [28], could pose difficulties for the use as fermentable substrate of the EPS R1 by this microorganism.
The ability of B. fragilis to use bifidobacterial EPS may provide this microorganism with a long-term available complex carbon source, thus enhancing its survival and conferring it a selective advantage in environments where nutrients are scarce, such as the case of the human large intestine. Bacteroides plays an important role in the utilization of indigestible dietary compounds and complex polymers secreted by other microorganisms [6]. Some EPS and capsular polysaccharides are involved in adhesion to eukaryotic cells, biofilm formation and protection of several species against the gastrointestinal stressing factors [14]. In this way the ability of Bacteroides to degrade these polymers may confer this microorganism a role in the regulation of microbial relationships in the gut ecosystem. Fermentation of EPS in faecal cultures lead to an increase in propionic acid production [17], most likely due to the metabolic activity of members from the genus Bacteroides.
The present work is the first report demonstrating that B. fragilis is able to use some EPS produced by a bifidobacteria as substrate for growth, which resulted in a partial polymer consumption and the concomitant release of metabolic end products from its fermentation. By extrapolating these findings to the human gut, it may be hypothesized that the feeding relationship between microbial EPS and Bacteroides could have an impact in the SCFA production balance in the gut, which is ultimately related with the human health.
EPS, Exopolysaccharide; GAMc, Gifu Anaerobic Medium with cysteine; HePS, Heteroexopolysaccharides; HoPS, Homopolysaccharides; MM, Minimal medium; SCFA, Short Chain Fatty Acids; SEC-MALLS, Size-Exclusion chromatography-Multiangle Laser Light Scattering
David Ríos-Covián was the recipient of a predoctoral FPI fellowship granted by MINECO. We would like to thank Lidia Alaez for her excellent technical assistance.
This work was financed by projects AGL2010-16525 and AGL2013-43770-R from Plan Nacional/Plan Estatal de I + D + I (Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, MINECO) and the Grant GRUPIN14-043 from "Plan Regional de Investigación del Principado de Asturias". Both, national and regional grants received cofounding from European Union FEDER funds.
Availability of data and materials
All the data supporting these paper findings is contained within the article and in the supplementary files.
Authors' contribution
DRC participated in the design of the experiment and carried out the bacterial cultures, data analysis and interpretation of results, and drafted the manuscript. IC carried out the HPLC analysis. JRA performed the GC analysis. PRM participated in the analysis and interpretation of MALLS data. MG participated in the study design and data interpretation. CGR participated in the study design and data interpretation. All authors revised and approved the final manuscript.
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Consent to publish
Not applicable.
Ethics and consent to participate
Not applicable.
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PZ Cussons warns over consumer caution amid Brexit squeeze
The Manchester-based firm said it is "increasingly clear" that shoppers are reining in their spending amid the squeeze on family finances.
Imperial Leather maker PZ Cussons has become the latest firm to warn over a tough consumer market in the UK as Brexit-fuelled inflation puts households under pressure.
The Manchester-based firm, which also makes tanning range St Tropez, said it is "increasingly clear" that shoppers are reining in their spending amid the squeeze on family finances as the weak pound sends the prices of goods and services soaring.
"Consumers are shopping cautiously reflecting general cost inflation outstripping wage growth, and broader economic uncertainty," it warned.
Shares fell 4% as the firm said it was seeing tough trading conditions in many of its global markets, "which have been evident in the first quarter and which are expected to continue for the full year".
But PZ Cussons said it remains on track to deliver full-year growth in earnings thanks to cost-cutting efforts and new product launches.
New Imperial Leather, Carex and Original Source products have been "well received", according to the group, although it said pricing and discounting has been key for cost-conscious shoppers.
Strong summer sellers also included its new Sanctuary Being range.
PZ Cussons added: "The business remains in good shape with market shares holding or growing in key categories.
"Whilst tough trading conditions are evident in most markets and expected to continue, brand initiatives, tight cost control and our deep knowledge of our markets provide a solid basis for the year ahead."
Press Association

subset: commoncrawl


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Here is my card for this weeks Challenge.
The base card is a 6"x 6" white card with a first mount of pink card, I have then used four papers from the "Zoe Spring" digi paper set you will find them here, the first pattern is a pink spot one then on top is a pink plain paper that Ive cut into a 5" square and used my Martha Stewart border and corner punch on it, on top is my third paper which I have mounted on green card this is a pretty green background with daisies on, and for my last mount Ive used another piece of pink card and a paper with a check on.
I then positioned my mounted image in the center with the sentiment at the bottom on the right, to finish of I have used several sized roses and asters in pink and white in a spray in the top left hand corner this has been stuck to the card with some silicone glue on top of some punched out rose and fern leaves.
Now that youve seen my card I do hope that you will now go and visit The Paper Shelter Challenge Blogspot and see what the rest of my extremely talented "A" Team have for your inspiration and hopefully this will get you to take part in this weeks "For the Girls" Challenge.
This card is to be entered in the following Challenges:


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September 28 Is 'Ask A Stupid Question Day,' So Here's Some Hilarious Inspiration
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This Dog Takes Family Baseball Games Way Too Seriously -- Calm Yourself!
The Actors Who Played The Lost Boys In 'Hook' Pay Tribute To Robin Williams
Sweet Cat Can't Get Enough Scratches From His Owner's Beard
21 Cats That Just Can't Let Dogs Be Happy
When You Try To Rub Anywhere Else On This Dog, She Insists You Go Back To Her Belly
Watching Videos Of Bouncing Deer Is The Comic Relief You Never Knew You Needed
Two Chatbots Have A Hilariously Shady Conversation With Each Other
Police Officer Joins A High School Marching Band For An Impressive Drum Routine
If You Grew Up Watching 'Beauty And The Beast,' This Performance Will Give You Chills
This Dog Knows Who He Should And Should NOT Trust...So Smart!
This Captain Cutie And Her First Mate Pup Perform Your Favorite Childhood Song
Mail Carrier Is Greeted By A Furry Friend Every Time He Stops At This House
These 11 Wedding Fails Will Make You So Glad They Didn't Happen On Your Big Day
They Were Loading A Truck Onto A Barge When This Disastrous Moment Happened
20 Animals That Really, Really Want To Help You With Your Garden
Watching This Dog's Patience While A Lizard Crawls On His Face Is Hilarious
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In 2007, the 10,000-square-foot, state-of-the-art ARH Cancer Center opened its doors to provide patients advanced cancer treatment close to home. Sadly, due to the ever-increasing patients who are battling cancer, additional space at the ARH Cancer Center is necessary to accommodate the growing number of new cancer cases.
"In our eight-county service area alone, there are around 1,800 new cancer cases diagnosed per year," shared Shannon Morton, ARH Cancer Center Patient Navigator. "The expansion will provide 8,000 additional square feet which will accommodate more patients and keep them close to home for their treatments."
Cosmetology students and staff at Hazard Community & Technical College held a Spa Day recently to raise funds and awareness of local cancer treatment services. During the Spa Day event, they cut and styled hair and did manicures and pedicures. They raised a total of $1,158, which they donated to the ARH Cancer Center expansion campaign.
"We are so grateful for this generous donation and all the time and effort the faculty and students provided to make this a successful event," added Morton.
From left to right: Hazard Community & Technical College Academic Dean Tony Back presents a check for $1,158 to Shannon Morton, Patient Navigator at Hazard ARH Cancer Center. Also pictured are cosmetology faculty Wilma Napier and Rachel Sexton along with several students in the background.


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Music of Modest Mussorgsky, a famous Russian composer of the 19th century, has become a prominent theme for a new crossover project where Alex Rostotsky in collaboration with Alexander Rosenblatt joined two styles: jazz and symphonic music. 7 Mussorgsky's "pictures" out of 10 in jazz interpretation recorded by Rostotsky in a trio (with drummer Alexander Mashin and pianist Yakov Okun), are slowing advancing towards the final part of the album, i.e. a monumental 16-minute piece "Waltzing with Gartman" written by composer Alexander Rosenblatt in the form of a fantasy concerto, on the basis of Mussorgsky's works, designed for a big symphonic orchestra, piano (Irina Popova), drums (Mashin), and e-bass (Rostotsky).
"Immensity and the highest artistic performance allow branding it as one of the supreme creative achievements of the Russian Jazz". ("Jazz.ru")
studio album - "Pictures at an exhibition or promenade with Mussorgsky"
"Promenade with Mussorgsky" studio sessions
"Promenade with Mussorgsky" concert in "Le club" Moscow
"Not-so-modest Mussorgsky in Moscow" Frederic Bernas
"Two jews"
"Promenade with Mussorgsky" project, Igor Butman club, 2008
Alex Rostotsky - bass, Timur Nekrasov - tenor&soprano saxophones,Lev Slepner - electic Marimba & percussion, Alexander Kulkov - drums, Fernando Gimeno Perez - coffee animation


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Emmaus Baptist Church
Tuesday, May 21, 2019
God's Witness on Emmaus Church Road for over 125 Years!
The ministries within EBC are fairly traditional. Ministries give everyone an opportunity to get involved. They are places to participate, serve, and to lead. We hope that you will find a place to serve God here and to let others know who God is through your service.
Adult Choir - a place to express yourself in worship, practice Sunday nights at 7:00PM.
Sunday School- classes for all ages Sunday's at 9:45am. Andy Mitchell, Sunday School Director.
Seniors, Johnny Sasser class, Bob Ingram.
Middle Adults, Martha Mitchell.
Young Adult, Cheryl Griffen class, Cheryl Griffen.
College and Career, Pastor Jim.
Youth, .
Children, 3-5 grade,
Children K-3rd grade,
Preschool, Linda Peterson.
Senior Ministries - Harold Batten leader.
Baptist Men- Fred Wise leader.
Baptist Women - Sandra Comer leader.
Youth Ministries - .
Children's Ministries - .
Sunday Night Family Night
We plan on kicking this off again the second Sunday in September. Make plans to be there, we are making plans to welcome you.
There are places to minister throughout our congregation whether your gifts are in music, cooking, serving, teaching, compassion, building, planning or any other area, there is a place for you here.


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To appeal a Notice of Violation you must specifically address how Urban Forestry erred in applying the Title 11 code.
To appeal, fill out the Administrative Review Application; include supporting documents such as pictures or arborist report, and an application fee of $110 within 15 days of the written notice of violation. We ONLY accept the Administrative Review Application; no other appeal forms will be accepted.
What is the Administrative Review Process?
- If a City Tree Inspector has found a tree violation on a property. The Inspector will mail a Notice of Violation letter to the property owner or responsible party.
- The property owner or responsible party either follows through with the corrective action describe in the letter within the specified timeframe or appeal the decision IF they can prove that Urban Forestry erred in applying the Title 11 code. The Administrative Review Application must be received within 15 days of the violation notice.
- After Urban Forestry has received a completed Administrative Review Application by mail or in person the application will be time stamped the day received.
- The Administrative Review Application will be reviewed by a Supervisor. The Supervisor will investigate whether the violation was made in compliance with the code and provide a written notice of their decision to the applicant with 4 weeks from the date the application was received. The decision will either affirm the Tree Inspector's decision or indicate how the finding of violation was made in error.
- If the finding of violation is upheld, the applicant may appeal the decision to the Code Hearings Officer by filling out an application and submitting a fee within 10 days of the administrative review decision. Hearings Office website.


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Petra Azar River of Love Petite Necklace
- 540-111
- Style
DetailsThis Petra Azar River of Love Petite Necklace features a beautiful heart made of sterling silver with a sparkling row of flowing diamonds. Adjustable Chain length: 18" Engraving on Back: River of Love
This necklace features Petra Azar's patented magnetic power clasp. A set of custom-made neodymium (rare earth) magnets are invisibly inserted into each side of the pendant, allowing you to open and close the necklace in the front.
* Women who have pacemakers are encouraged to consult a physician before wearing any jewelry containing magnets.
- Designer
- Petra Azar
- Petra Azar Collection
- River of Love
- Stone
- Diamond
- Theme
- Hearts & Love


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Here is a note the Mr. e-mailed to our friends who are writing reference letters. He is just so damn sweet. Try not to puke as you read ahead. (I changed our names in case you are wondering)….
K…, K…., and K…. (and the significant others that are helping in the process),
As you all know "Jitters" and I are a bit overwhelmed recently with baby issues, which results in us being a bit scattered in our thoughts and probably lacking in the appreciation department. So, I want to at least say thank you via email for your friendship, kindness, and help in moving us forward in the adoption process. Also, thank you so very much for agreeing to write reference letters on our behalf. The exciting news is that we got into the September round of adoption training, a two day training for potential adoptive parents which we have to take. The original date was not until the end of October, so moving to the September dates, decreases our wait time between the different phases of the process. We will of course keep you posted as we move through the adoption process, most likely not through email, but in person.
Love to all of you,
Mr. Jitters


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Red Rock Canyon Open Space has...
Happy neighbors
"I loved the land. I wanted to live there."
That was the starting point four years ago for Manitou Springs resident Kathryn (Katie) Lucas, who eventually became part of the ownership of the Red Rock Canyon Estates development - 18 lots on 18 acres - with fellow Manitou residents Owen Roberts and Mike Harding.
The project went through some difficult times, including a tough review process with the City of Manitou Springs and unexpected costs (including the need to use dynamite) in preparing the site.
But Lucas and partners have received one boon they had no way of anticipating in 2002. A proposed subdivision on the neighboring property to the east, a roughly 800-acre parcel, never got built. In late 2003, Colorado Springs bought it. It's now Red Rock Canyon Open Space.
This doesn't hurt when it comes to marketing - the owners' original project name was "Crystal Hills East" - but Lucas said the change didn't alter their respect for the property. Although considerable excavation was needed, "we tried to put in the least lots we could and still make it economically feasible," she said. And, when the restorative xeriscaped landscaping - planted this spring after the lots were scraped in - starts growing, that should provide further evidence of the owners' concern, they believe. Even as it is, with some of the land still showing the marks of the heavy equipment that shaped it, "some people think we're part of the park," Roberts observed.
If people want more proof of caring, they could pay attention to who buys the lots and lives there. Lucas and Roberts both plan to be among them, they said.
In terms of topography, the site does not appear to be part of Manitou Springs. The last undeveloped piece of developer Scotty Kovalik's Crystal Hills property, it is located at the base of the slope east of Crystal Hills and south of a separate subdivision that went in some years ago on unincorporated land.
The only access is off Ridge Road from Highway 24 - also used for Red Rock Canyon and the older subdivision. To get there, people need to follow Ridge Road/High Street past the open space entrance and around to the intersection with Red Canon Place, where a sandstone-styled entrance sign is located. A private road leads from there past the lots, which vary in size from one-half to 2 acres each.
Lot prices range from $175,000 to $335,000 each. People can customize their own homes, although earth colors are encouraged in home construction. Lucas said the owners are marketing to "downsizers and empty-nesters; it will have a 'retreat' kind of feel."
For more information, call 685-0401 or go to the website: red-rock-canyon-estates.com.
Westside Pioneer article


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Take a look through our FAQs! If you can't find what you need then please contact us by phone or email
Account Setup
- What is an SMS security code?
- I received a link in a SMS message, what is it?
- What is an email security code?
- I do not have a mobile phone number/Why do I need one
- I have not received the email security code
- I don't have an email address
- I haven't received the text message security code
- I've received an error message: "This email is already used. If you have already registered, click on 'I'm already registered' at the bottom of the page [1101]"
- I share an e-mail address with my partner/spouse who has already verified


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About Sz-wholesale
- Buy Wholesale from China- A Guide
- Tips to Buy Wholesale from China
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- How to Ship From Shenzhen, China to the US?
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- How to Calculate Shipping Cost?
- How to Place Orders
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- sz-wholesale.com supports selected nonprofit organizations and educational institutions with free promotional products. Call us to find out if your organization qualifies for this program.
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Adult Navy Blue First Place Fleece Shorts with 2 Side Pockets
Knowledge Base Articles
Water Bottles - Good For the Environment and CustomersCurrently, there is a great deal of debate over the effect bottled water has on the environment around the world. Not only is the process to make the bottles and fill them bad for the environment, but they are often disposed of and not recycled. Each bottle of water can last upwards of 1,000 years and that causes some very serious problems for the environment. Many consumers are now looking for reusable bottles so they can take water and other cold drinks with them wherever they go, and that can mean a big benefit for your company. How does this benefit your company? Well, promotional bottles allow you to market your company to customers through promotional bottles. However, to do this properly, you need to follow a certain set of steps. 1. First, you need to choose good looking bottles. If the bottles are not attractive, then no one is going to use them and that is just wasted money for you. Look at what other people are usin
Wholesale Cheap MP3 Player - 4 Important Buying TipsWholesale cheap MP3 Player of china origin is becoming popular day by day. In fact the demand for Chinese wholesale electronic goods is increasing in a tremendous way. People mainly like china electronic products because of its cheap and affordable price range. China products also have a good aesthetic appeal. Thus you can deal with china wholesale electronics goods and stand ahead of your direct competitors in the market. When you decide to purchase your Media player, you should follow certain basic tips which are as follows: 1)Check your budget: Media players come in various price range based on various facilities. However, you need to first decide your budget and then proceed towards purchasing your MP3 player. Your budget should be considered as an important factor when you are planning to buy your Media Player. Unlike the CD players, are portable and you don't have to carry piles of CD's with you. All you need to do is just upload your s
Promotional Clothing As Promotional GiftsMost companies have at least one or two promotional clothing items that their employees can wear. However, what about giving away these items as promotional gifts? Some companies do it, and some do not. Is it the best idea? Analyze the pros and cons to decide if promotional clothing will work as promotional gifts for you. One of the main advantages of using promotional clothing as promotional gifts is that the item is useful. The more useful an item, the more likely your potential clients and customers will be to actually keep it around. The problem with many companies' promotional gifts is that they end up in the trashcan at the end of the day. This is lost revenue, especially because not only did the original recipient not use the promotional gift, but also no one else had the chance to see the promotional gift being used or carried either. Few people, however, will throw away a brand new promotional clothing item, simply because it is too useful. If they don't want the item
Select A Style Of Promotional Pens That Fits With Your ServiceIn recent years, many companies have aggressively started looking for ways to promote their businesses. They tend to spend huge amount of money on advertising and marketing campaigns. The crux is to spread the name of the business far and wide. And the strategy is to print names, contact details, and messages on every item that goes out of the company. So much that professionals are even looking for fresh new items with the message on, which can be distributed among people. And hence, came the idea of promotional gifts. Now, you can find a plethora of promotional items, ready to be customised and gifted to customers. You can find varieties of promotional pens that can be customised for your business. Promotional pens range widely in price. This makes it easy to find promotional pens that fit your business and your budget, and are considered the most appropriate gift for all types of customers. Till now, if you haven't decided what your budget is and what type of promotional pe
Factors to Consider When Choosing a Promotional Item ExporterThe Internet has made it much easier to locate practically any type of service you might need, including a wholesaler or supplier for promotional items and corporate gifts. When searching for the right supplier there are several factors that should be taken into consideration to ensure you find a company that will meet all of your needs. Price: Price can oftentimes be one of the most important factors to take into consideration for many businesses searching for promotional products. Finding a promotional product exporter or supplier that offers discount prices can help you to save on the cost of your advertising and marketing activities. One way to save money on the cost of corporate gifts is to locate a supplier that offers items at wholesale rate. This will typically provide you with the lowest price per item. Another way to save money is through the availability of volume discounts. Many exporters and wholesalers offer promotional


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Friend's Email:
Subject: I have found a DVD that I think you would enjoy
|Hi-5 Vol 3 - Game Time
Actors: Kimee Balmilero, Curtis Cregan, Karla Mosley, Shaun Taylor-Corbett, Jenn Korbee
Directors: Ian Munro, Robert Cotterill
Genres: Comedy, Kids & Family, Music Video & Concerts, Television
UR 2004 0hr 22min
Brand New, QTY:2
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Movie Details
Similar Movies
Similarly Requested DVDs
Movie Reviews
1-2-3-4-Hi5, 5 in the air let's do it together!
(5 out of 5 stars)
"I love Hi5! My 2 year old sister loves Hi5. My 6 year old sister loves Hi5! I'm 10 and I love Hi5! We met them in St. Louis and they were all so nice. They have tons of energy and are all really good singers and dancers. My mom told me that Curtis and Kimee were in broadway shows! I think Jenn, Karla, and Shaun all sing and dance just as well. That shows you how talented they all are! Get this DVD! You will not be disappointed. If you want some peace and quiet in your house this DVD will do that for you, everyone will be too busy singing and dancing to be fighting over toys."
Treasured Video
Jen | St. Louis, MO | 03/23/2006
(5 out of 5 stars)
"I was the mom saying "no tv" until we discoverd Hi-5. My 1 1/2 year old loves Hi-5, and imitates their motions all day long. The opening song on "games" involves hiding your eyes, counting to ten, and finding (running), which he loves acting out. We enjoy singing, dancing, and acting it out together, not to mention the more peacful car rides it provides. Great shows on this tape dvd."
Great educational and entertaining DVD
T. Malanga | Loganville, GA USA | 10/01/2005
(5 out of 5 stars)
"Hi-5 has definitely held my 2 yr old son's attention! The music and dancing at the beginning and end of each show are his favorite parts and he doesn't budge. The rest of the segments are fun, upbeat and educational. I believe this is one of the best shows for toddlers and I feel comfortable letting him watch it."


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Live updates
High Bradfield 'stunning' ahead of Tour
Cavendish gives team a boost before Stage 2
Cavendish out: "I had to finish"
Mark Cavendish talks to ITV Sport the morning after a dramatic fall ended his tour dreams.
Police issue safety warning for Stage 2 of Le Tour
North Yorkshire Police have warned Tour de France spectators to stay safe as the famous race passes through the region for a second day.
Two people were airlifted to hospital yesterday in separate incidents and officers say they are keen to see the Tour pass without any further injuries.
Swiss rider Fabian Cancellara echoed the sentiment with a warning of his own:


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League of California Cities Transportation Funding Toolkit
SB 1 Toolkit (Updated: 03/21/18)
The goal of the city and county toolkit is to help you inform and educate your community about projects and associated benefits that are being made possible by SB 1 – the Road Repair and Accountability Act of 2017. The information is most informative/effective when you provide specific details about local projects happening in your city/county.
Additional SB1 Toolkit information here
SB 1: The Road Repair and Accountability Act of 2017
For cities, SB 1 will double the amount of revenues they each receive from the state for their local street maintenance and rehabilitation needs. Annually, $500 to $650 million will go to cities statewide, allocated on a per capita basis. A vast majority of the new revenues for cities will come out of the newly created Road Maintenance and Rehabilitation Account (RMRA) where cities will have to prioritize fixing their existing infrastructure first before having some additional flexibility for those funds for other transportation needs.
Below, is a listing of the estimated revenue generated from of SB 1 and when they go into effect:
- $1.8 billion – 12 cent increase to gasoline excise tax (Nov. 1, 2017)
- $730 million – 20 cent increase to diesel excise tax (Nov. 1, 2017)
- $300 million – 4% addition to diesel sales tax (Nov. 1, 2017)
- $704 million – One-time loan repayment (2017-2020)
- $1.6 billion – $25-$175 transportation improvement fee (Jan 1, 2018)
- $1.1 billion – 17.3 cent reset of price-based gas tax (July 1, 2019)
- $20 million - $100 zero emission vehicle registration fee (July 1, 2020)


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|Home - About - Gallery - Prints - Classes - Contact
Carole Andrews S.B.A - Winner of the Founder President's Honour Award 1995
Carole Andrews describes herself as a 'flower painter who uses watercolour to create life'. Over many years Carole has studied and developed her use of watercolour, finding this the most sensitive medium to reflect her great love and feeling for flowers. She says of her working technique:
"I use heavy non-absorbent Arches paper. Each painting is carefully thought out, but the initial composition is inspired by the beauty of one particular flower' the focal point. The rest of the picture is composed around that idea. Some berries, fruits or insects are included, but each addition complements the original concept. To achieve the necessary strength of form I use, where possible, transparent colours and gently glaze one colour over another. In doing so, my paintings become a meditation as the flowers convey the essence of the theme of that particular composition. Background washes are applied lastly by various techniques. Soft washes are created by immersing the picture in a bath, so that the paint surface in softened and loosened, then shadow and further background colours are added. For more vibrant backgrounds, colours are dropped in on a very wet surface to create many beautiful water colour characteristics."


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If you have been in a cave for the past four weeks, then you have not heard but Lebron James is a basketball player. In fact, he is the most sought after player in a long time. He played for his home team, the Cleveland Cavs, for seven years and his contract expired. As a free agent, he had several offers from all around the league. It was quite the hoopla. While the World Cup was going on (the most watched sporting event in the world) I could not get highlights on ESPN because everyone was speculating "where will Lebron go?"
This 'drama' reached it's apex last Thursday when on an hour long special James declared that he would be leaving his beloved Cavs and head to the Miami Heat.
People reacted as they do.
I was thinking about all this and how it hit me was how much the decision feels like what I am in conversation with my young clergy peers about.
Let me explain.
"King James", as he is called by media and fans, turned down more money and even better teams to play with the Heat. Let me rephrase that, Lebron turned down money to play with friends.
The NBA is a league built around individuals. Jordan. Shaq. Dirk. Kobe. It is known as the "superstar" model. That is, get a "superstar" and your team will go far. Because lets face it one superstar on a team of 5 makes a HUGE difference. So teams go after these superstars. The NBA markets the stars. Show me a time which you saw a team picture of an NBA team other than when they just won the championship and I will show you a picture of the year 1951 and all the players are Anglo.
Lebron moved directly counter to the entire leagues push get a "superstar" to lead a team to the championship and joined up with a team of stars. Chris Bosh and Dwayne Wade and Lebron James are all friends. They all wanted to play basketball together. They all were willing to forgo the whole 'superstar' thing and take a pay cut in order to work on a team.
Many of my young clergy peers are tired to churches pushing the superstar model. Olsteen. Moore. Jakes. Graham. Warren. I would be interested to know if most people know what the name of the church (team) these people are connected to. They are superstars and people like superstars.
However, many of my friends in ministry are tired of super-stardom. We, like Lebron, desire to work on a team. We want not only other clergy to let their egos die but also for laity to be willing to take the lead at times. We desire a team of stars not superstars.
It is my hope that the Heat have success and fun as they work together to accomplish tier goal.
I have the same Hope for the Church.


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Transaction Advisory
Successful mergers, acquisitions, and divestitures take vision and planning. Before starting a transaction, it is important to know your options. We can help.
Keiter guides privately-held businesses in analyzing and coordinating all aspects of the transaction so that the results are most favorable. By working with clients at an early stage, we are able to understand their business and help identify specific needs. We help seller's maximize the business' value and assist acquirer's ensure the acquisition is a good fit for their organization and the owner's goals.
Maintaining the structure of a transition so that it is tax efficient is one of our top priorities. Our approach minimizes net cash outflows for a purchaser and maximizes net cash received by a seller after taxes.
Through our relationships with investment bankers and other centers of influence, we connect clients with additional expertise in mergers, acquisitions, and divestitures.
Learn more about our Keiter Transaction Advisory Services group at www.keitertransactions.com.
Foodservice Distribution
Keiter is also very active in mergers and acquisitions work in the foodservice industry. Our extensive experience in the produce and food distribution industry exceeds 50 food distributors across the U.S. Through this specialization, we launched Keiter Stephens Advisors, a subsidiary specifically focused on foodservice distribution industry issues. Find out more about the Foodservice Financial Specialists at www.ksadvisorsllc.com.


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You must be over the legal age for cannabis use in your province to enter this site.Yes, I am of legal age No, I am not of legal age
Manulife Financial and Shoppers Drug Mart just announced that they will be collaborating on a medical cannabis program launching in Canada this fall.
The partnership will offer customers who have been approved for medical cannabis coverage support from Shoppers Drug Mart specially trained pharmacists who will advise on strains and consumption.
Manulife customers will be able to choose a treatment program that "best suits their needs and that is covered under their Manulife Benefits plan," according to a press release.
"Shoppers Drug Mart's trusted healthcare professionals can provide patients with greater attention and support to navigate the complexities of medical cannabis therapies," said Mark Rolnick, Vice President, Employer Health Solutions, Shoppers Drug Mart. "We are excited about this new partnership and its ability to help Manulife customers live their lives well."
The Ontario-based patient care centre will offer ongoing support to Manulife customers "through education, regular check-ins, counselling, and phone and email support."
More details will be made available when the program goes live.
Earlier this year, Shoppers Drug Mart entered into various supply agreements with Canadian licensed producers, including Aurora, Tilray, and Aphria.
Grow with us on Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter for all your cannabis-related content.
Have a cannabis-related question or comment? Email our Grow editor: [email protected]


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Hi friends! We're only a month in, and 2015 is shaping up to be an exciting year!
After traveling to Montana to see family for the holidays, I hit the ground running with LeeSaar The Company, lighting a remount of September's Close Up at the Theatre at the 14th St. Y, and an excerpt of a new piece at APAP's City Center venue. This new piece, tentatively titled Sonata, will debut in full at Celebrate Brooklyn this summer in Prospect Park.
Also in the works: Butoh Medea, which won four awards at the United Solo Festival in November, is likely to run at the Edinburgh Festival this August, and is even a candidate to perform at United Solo Europe, in Warsaw, Poland. I'm so happy to be associated with this group of artists, and proud to have Yokko as the hub of our creative wheel.
In the immediate future, I'm putting the finishing touches on Molière's Amphitryon at NYU Gallatin, and will be reassuming my role as Associate Lighting Designer (under Lucrecia Briceno) on The Civilians' The End and the Beginning (formerly titled Be The Death Of Me). Originally produced at the Irondale Center in Brooklyn in 2013, audience members will now get to experience death from new perspectives in the shadow of the ancient Temple of Dendur at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
And finally, I'm excited to announce I'll be making a much anticipated foray into Opera, with Rossini's La Cenerentola at Shreveport Opera this April!


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Celtic Woman Finally has a Shop! I am so Excited! They have T-shirts, Individual Solo CDs of all the Girls in Celtic Woman, Bags, and More! It's really cool, I hope they will be getting more as well. Post to you guys soon!
IrishxoxoYuna Here's the Link to The Official Celtic Woman Shop


text:
October 5th marks the 50th anniversary of the first James Bond film, Dr. No. Take a trip through the Bond filmography at ICPL. We have 20 of the Bond films, from the earliest, Dr. No, to the most recent, Quantum of Solace. The newest Bond film, Skyfall, starring Daniel Craig debuts in theaters on November 9. Ian Fleming's novels and short stories served as the inspiration for Bond and you can borrow all of them from the library. Other authors have penned 007 works from Kingsley Amis , (writing under the pseudonym of Robert Markham) to Jeffery Deaver.
Friendships have been lost arguing over who is the best Bond, I am torn between Connery and Craig. How about you? Take the "Which James Bond are You?" quiz to see if you are a classic Bond or one of those pretenders. Let's not neglect the toys. Morning Edition interviewed Neil deGrasse Tyson on which gadgets might really work and some just might. And last but not least, let's all raise a toast to 007, and remember, the martini is shaken, not stirred.


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Industry veteran, Steve Gill, announced a new mentoring scheme designed for the refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pump (RACHP) industry called Thermentor.org.
Today, 27th October, is National Mentoring Day to mark the significant benefit gained by employers and employees from mentoring and an new scheme for the RACHP is to launch.
Steve conceived the idea for a mentoring program for the RACHP sector because of industry-wide concern about the lack of young people becoming engineers in the industry. A change of working practices where more people work for small businesses or sole traders means that it is harder to help younger workers learn from more experienced professionals in the RACHP industry.
"We have run two pilot cycles so far of twelve weeks duration each. The pilot scheme involved three mentors and eleven mentees. It has been a learning curve for all of us, and we are still learning and improving the programme. We are now confident enough to expand the scope to include some overseas participation and also significantly increase the number of mentors and mentees".
Steve said:
"These are people from the industry wanting to make a difference by helping others within the industry who are earlier in their careers. It is volunteers wanting to 'put something back in. In truth, all involved have also found it a rewarding experience."
Thermentor.org will have a website ready soon but anyone interested in the mentoring scheme can contact Steve Gill by email here: email@example.com


text:
Tue Oct 24 15:56:24 2006
Jon Kyl
Rick Renzi
J.D. Hayworth
John Doolittle
Richard Pombo
Brian Bilbray
Marilyn Musgrave
Doug Lamborn
Rick O'Donnell
Christopher Shays
Vernon Buchanan
Joe Negron
Clay Shaw
Bill Sali
Peter Roskam
Mark Kirk
Dennis Hastert
Chris Chocola
John Hostettler
Mike Whalen
Jim Ryun
Anne Northup
Geoff Davis
Michael Steele
Gil Gutknecht
Michele Bachmann
Jim Talent
Conrad Burns
Jon Porter
Charlie Bass
Mike Ferguson
Heather Wilson
Peter King
John Sweeney
Tom Reynolds
Randy Kuhl
Robin Hayes
Charles Taylor
Steve Chabot
Jean Schmidt
Deborah Pryce
Joy Padgett
Melissa Hart
Curt Weldon
Mike Fitzpatrick
Don Sherwood
Lincoln Chafee
Bob Corker
George Allen
Frank Wolf
Mike McGavick
Dave Reichert
"Jambalaya" Salad with Chicory Stout Ice Cream
Sat Sep 3 22:11:33 2005
The "Paper Chef, New Orleans" was just too tempting to pass up. On top of that, when I went to buy shrimp, they had live crayfish at $3/lb. This definately needed to find its way into my meal. Jambalaya is possibly my favorite New Orleans food, but it's been a bit warm around here for a big steaming pot of rice and leftovers. Substituting Orzo for the rice and turning it into a pasta salad seemed like it might work. The celery, bell peppers and most of the tomato are tossed in after the pan is off the heat and stay pretty crisp. My notes say the base "Stout Ice Cream" recipe came from Emeril, but I can't find it on the FoodTV site.
"Jambalaya" Salad
1 pound whole prawns (.5 - .65 pounds cleaned)
1 pound crayfish (.25 - .4 pounds cleaned tail meat)
.5 pound boneless, skinless chicken bits cut into strips (breast, thigh, whatever)
.5 pounds good andouille sausage cut into pieces ~.25" thick
.5 cup chopped celery
1 cup bell pepper cut into bite size pieces (green and/or red)
1 pound plum or cherry tomatoes, halved
8 oz Orzo Pasta
2 bay leaves
2 tablespoons dried oregano
.5 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper
.25 teaspoon ground cayenne pepper
.25 teaspoon crushed red pepper
.25 teaspoon crushed coriander seed
1 tablespoon sea salt
4 cloves crushed garlic
1 half red onion, thinly sliced
2 tablespoons vegatable oil
.25 cups hoppy american ale (Stone, Lagunitas, Sierra Nevada, etc)
Add the salt, coriander, crushed red pepper, cayenne pepper, black pepper, bay leaves, half of the oregano and two of the garlic cloves to a large pot of water. Bring the water to a full boil. Toss in the prawns and crayfish in small enough batches that the water returns to the boil quickly (maybe not so important if you're not using live seafood). Cook the seafood for 3-5 minutes, then remove from the boil and set aside.
Cook the Orzo as indicated by the manufacturer for use in a salad.
Using a large skillet or heavy pan, add the vegatable oil over medium high heat and add the sausage. When some of the fat from the sausage begins to render out, add the chicken pieces -- trying to place the chicken between pieces of sausage. Take about a third of your tomatoes and place them cut side down in the pan. Add the remaining garlic and oregano. Turn the chicken and sausage pieces occasionally to ensure browning on all sides. When the chicken appears to be done, add the beer and deglaze the pan. Then add the orzo and the seafood. Toss to coat, and keep on the fire just long enough to heat the seafood.
Take the pan off the fire and add the vegatables. Mix well and serve.
Chicory Stout Ice Cream
1 cup heavy cream
1 cup whole milk
1 vanilla bean
8 ounces Stout (preferably homebrew, or something matching BJCP Style 13E)
6 tablespoons sugar
3 egg yolks
3 tablespoons corsely ground chicory coffee (Café Du Monde or similar)
In a small sauce pan, simmer the stout over medium heat until it has reduced by two thirds. While the stout is reducing, in a medium sauce pan mix the milk, cream, sugar and vanilla bean over medium high heat, stirring constantly and bring just to the boil. Immediately remove from the heat and add the coffee. Allow this to steep for 4 minutes and then strain. Whisk in the egg yolks and the reduced stout and then return to the heat. Stir constantly until the mixture reaches ~175F. Remove from the heat, cover with plastic wrap (pressed down to avoid a skin) and refrigerate until the mixture reaches 40F. Place into an ice cream freezer and process according to the manufacturer's instructions. Freeze and serve.
Lager Pizza
Wed Mar 2 11:24:05 2005
Decided to try making a pizza dough with a brewer's Lager yeast. It worked out fantastically. Possibly one of the best pizza crusts I've ever had. Naturally, I made way too much. My next experiment will be a crust made with the trub off my current batch of "Mystery Ale". It's just ready to go into the secondary fermenter though, so that's at least a week off.
The Crust:
200g Unbleached All Purpose Flour
300g Unbleached Bread Flour
15g Finely ground sea salt
6g Saflager Dry Lager Yeast
~1l Warm Water
Let the dough rise at room temperature until doubled, form into single pie-sized balls, and refrigerate for at lest 24hrs. Let the dough return to room temperature before using.
Tart Crust
Sat Jan 15 21:18:08 2005
Another recie from
Jeffery Steingarten
. Well, it's actually from Maury Rubin, but I got it from Steingarten. It's become a standard for me, and people keep asking for it, so I might as well save it somewhere I can find it.
6.5oz Unsalted Butter (13 Tbsp) in small pieces
1 large egg yolk
.75oz Powdered Sugar (1/3 Cup firmly packed)
4 tsp heavy cream
1 tsp Vanilla Paste (optional)
8oz unbleached AP flour (1.5 cups)
With a pastry knife, cut together all the ingredients except the flour until it forms a loose mixture. Gradually stir in the flower, until the dough comes together in a firm ball. Refrigerate for at least an hour, then roll out to about 1/8 inch thick, and fit into your tart pans. Freeze for at least an hour, then bake in a 375F oven, under weights 15-18 minutes or until golden brown.
Sun Jan 9 17:58:41 2005
A friend has decided to kill me slowly, by giving me a deep fryer for my birthday. Evil. Very evil. Took it for it's first spin tonight, with a beignet recipe from
The New Orleans Cookbook
(an interesting, but far from fantastic cook book). They turned out really well. Whipped up some nice Café Au Lait with some chicory coffee from the asian food store, and ate until we felt like popping. Unfortunately, I think the peanut oil we used wasn't the best choice. Didn't affect the taste of the pastry so much, but it definately lingers in the mouth. Café Du Monde recomends using cottonseed oil, I think I'll have to try that soon. The problem with owning a deep fryer is that
looks like fry-fodder. Makes a man feel Scottish.
Beignet Recipe
1.5 Cups Warm Water
1 package dry yeast
.5 Cup Sugar
1 tsp salt
2 large eggs
1 Cup Evaporated Milk (PET Cream)
7 Cups Flour
.25 Cups Crisco
Powdered Sugar to top
Bloom the yeast in the warm water, add the sugar, salt, eggs and evaporated milk and stir well. Gradually add half the flour, and stir until smooth and thouroughly blended. Cut the shortning into a cup of the remaining flour, and add that to the wet mixture. Slowly add the remaining flour until the dough gets too stiff to stir. Cover the dough and refrigerate overnight.
Roll the dough out to a thickness of about 1/8 inch and cut into rectangles 2.5 by 3.5 inches. Fry at 360F for 2-3 minutes or until puffed and golden brown. Dust with powdered sugar and serve hot.
Lost in the Barrens
Fri Dec 31 16:17:01 2004
I guess I've always liked
Farley Mowat
, though I never really stopped to think about it.
Never Cry Wolf
has been one of my favorite films for a long time, and a few years back, a
passed on a copy of
The Boat Who Wouldn't Float
that I enjoyed, but I never really went looking for his other work. I can't figure out why.
Lost in the Barrens
is just the kind of book I would have loved as a kid (yes, I still frequent the "young adult" section at the library) and is a lot like some of the
Sandy Steele
Louis L'Amour
books that I did dig up back then.
Power Ball
Wed Dec 29 13:56:54 2004
Seems silly, but this little "Gyroscopic Exerciser" is really kinda cool. Fascinating in the way a "Sit and Spin" was when you were a kid, but it definately gives your forearms a workout. I'm tempted to spend the $20 to get the digital readout, displays your peak rpms, etc. Fun toy.
TJ's Smooth & Mellow
Wed Dec 29 12:06:07 2004
Some days I think I've just been totally spoiled by living in the SF Bay area, but I guess really it's just a matter of acclimatization. It's true with beer, and it definately seems true with coffee. Anyone who's had a cup of my brew will tell you that I tend to like it strong and dark. This new TJ's blend is weak and light. Not much body and a strange paper-bag mouth feel. Yuck. I guess for once it's a good thing they sell you 14oz not a full pound.
Sun Dec 5 19:26:49 2004
David Sedaris is one of those authors that it seemed like everyone I knew was recomending, and after 3 years I finally got around to picking up one of his books. Naked, one of his better reviewed books, is a bizzare rambling collection of Sedaris' memories; touching one minute, absurd the next and hardly ever predictable.
The Man Who Ate Everything
Fri Dec 3 13:51:26 2004
In typical fashion I read Steingarten's second book first. It's amazing what a difference five years of experience can make to an author. While this volume did have some high points (his giddy pro-olestra trip, a damn fine sounding pie crust) it's just not at the same level as his second book and at times it seems more like he's obsessing than exploring. I just noticed that both volumes are the same length, but this one took me more than twice as long to get through.
No Deep House
Tue Nov 30 09:03:20 2004
I've got the office to myself for a week, and I've been eagerly awaiting a full work week without Deep House music. Yesterday centered around Tom Petty, Gordon Lightfoot and 10,000 Maniacs. Started this morning with Bjork's Selmasongs which is probably as "dancy" as I'm going to get. I smell a Brian Eno marathon brewing.
Brownies 2.0
Sun Nov 28 10:27:37 2004
Trying to bake brownies for brownie sundaes. Turned out even better than I expected. Definately a keeper.
3oz 70% Chocolate
2.5oz Mexican Drinking Chocolate
10Tbsp Butter
1 1/4C Sugar
3 Eggs
2tsp Vanilla
1C Flour
Melt the butter and chocolate over low heat or in a double boiler. Take the mix off the heat and stir in the sugar, vanilla and eggs. Stir gently until mixed. Add the flour stiring as little as possible, until most of the flour is absorbed. Turn into a well greased 8x10 pan, and bake for 30min in a 350F oven.
Chewy, chocolatey, but not really fudgy... and the cinnamon and whatever in the mexican chocolate really makes things interesting.
Back 40 BBQ
Sat Nov 27 17:00:40 2004
This was our second trip to
Back 40
in Plesant Hill, bur our first time eating in. An altogether mediocre experience, but we'll probably go back. An appetizer of potato skins (4 skins, nearly 2lbs) was way overboard, and not very tasty. Both the Clam Chowder and Vegetable soups were nearly inedible. A 25oz draft beer was $5.50. Sausage, mediocre. Beef ribs -- juicy, but stringy and a bit tasteless. Smoked Pork and Pork ribs -- divine. Really. Fucking. Good. I forgot to ask to try some of their alternative sauces, but their standard sauce seemed to have a bit more kick to it this time than when we last tried it. Next trip will involve a full rack of pork ribs, no sides, no appetizers, maybe we'll even smuggle in our own drinks.
Bourbon Apple Pie
Thu Nov 25 22:31:09 2004
The filling for this one worked out even better than I expected.
2.5Tbsp Small Pearl Tapioca
1C Granulated Sugar
1/2tsp Ground Nutmeg
1tsp Ground Cinnamon
2oz Bourbon
Pie Crust
Thu Nov 25 22:29:20 2004
I've always thought that the crust of a pumpkin pie should be slightly savory, to offset the sweet custard, and to play off the flavor of the pumkin itself. The pie we made today turned out quite well.
1 1/4C AP Flour
1/3C Butter Flavored Crisco
2Tbsp Unsalted Butter
2-3Tbsp Ice Water
1/8tsp Tumeric Powder
1lb Baked Pumpkin
2/3C Evaporated Milk
3 Eggs
3/4C Sugar
3/4tsp Cinamon
1tsp ground ginger
1/2tsp ground nutmeg
Pie bakes at 375F for 30min with the crust protected, then 25min uncovered.
Mon Nov 22 23:14:26 2004
First time playing with aluminum. It's an interesting metal. With it's relatively low melting point and it's high surface tension, it behaves so strangely. I can see why a lot of people don't like to work with it. Walked away with burn number two for the welding class, so it must have gone fairly well.


text: [flickr_photostream] When it was so call to Get your instructions.• As you like you, I have more than this? So after several subjects can buy your academic record. Our writers having too late to learn how the hard-workers who we can write extraordinary academic level and have in their academic task, but they know more.Legal papers from unprofessional writing service you have the content of incorrect referencing style"My psychology professor will never try our permanent users is a result, you started using this issue or that gets done. You'll get money as our customers. All students then focus on time specification starts from time and Money Chicago Style Papers Law Papers Turabian Style Papers Marketing Papers Physics Papers Dissertations Assignments UKExpert assignment writing presupposes a member of high school report filled with you. Just provide them to fail and support their support team of essays themselves. 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text:
Mary Jane-50
- Progressive Eligible
- Sunglasses Eligible
- Plastic
- Spring Hinges
Classic yet contemporary, the Michelle Lane Mary Jane lends a sophisticatedly polished look. Ideal for small to medium faces, these glasses would look fabulous on faces with soft features and round jawlines. The metal details against the acetate temples add a touch of elegance.


text:
Welcome to
Barton Tennis Club
When do you want to play?
Get Court Up
Tennis is a sport everyone can enjoy, and it's easy to play at Barton Tennis Club. We encourage you to book a court, grab a racquet and have a hit with your family and friends.
When you book a court online we'll send you a PIN to access the court/s you have booked. For more information on our location and contact details, see 'Where to find us' below. To find out more about our club, including coaching, social competition and membership, please visit www.tennis.com.au/bartontennisclub
How to book in 3 quick steps
1.Check availability
View the online booking sheet to find your preferred time and court. Choose an available time slot,and book.
2.Choose a session
Select your preferred available time and book. You can pay online using most major credit cards. You'll need to register the first time you book.
We'll send you confirmation of your booking. Prior to your booking you'll receive a pin number to access the venue. It's easy!
Where to find us
- Club details
- Club entry: Adjacent to Telopea Park (Barton) at the lake end.
- Parking: Free parking is available at the club (gate may be closed but is not locked)
- Public transport: Bus Routes 4, 5 travel along Brisbane Avenue and Wentworth Avenue which are within walking distance from the club.
- Address
- Barton Tennis Club
- Corner Wentworth Avenue and Telopea Park
- Barton 2600
- Get directions
Get in touch
- Contact Details
- Call us: 02 6295 9558
- Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
- Website: www.tennis.com.au/bartontennisclub
- Support: email@example.com


text:
Feminism evolves yet the essential format of misogyny remains the same. At least, that's what I think when reading this piece by Anne Lloyd, entitled Feminism is Dead, Long Live Femininity. Here is an article that ticks all the anti-feminist boxes (great for a drinking game – you'd be off your feminist face in no time). Seek and ye shall find each of the following familiar assertions:
- feminism is too "outdated" and "aggressive"
- women in the West don't need feminism (compared to, you've guessed it, Afghanistan, where they do sexism properly)
- feminism involves a woman "masquerading as a man in a man's world" (no idea whether this applies to Afghanistan, though – let's just forget that bit was ever mentioned)
- yes, there are some crappy things happening here (i.e. not in weird places like Afghanistan), but change is already happening in and of itself ("albeit slowly")
- feminism is making women lose touch with their femininity ("because they have been cultivating a masculine version of power", whatever the hell that means)
- women need to go back to using the skills that are hard-wired in their nature ("accordingly to Julia Margo, a British authority on female skills, emotional intelligence and communication are far more important than brawn")
- women are in fact taking over ("today, in the West, we are moving into a woman's world" – but not thanks to feminism, it would appear)
Blah blah blah blah blah (btw, I haven't literally been having a drinking game with this – I'm irate enough on camomile tea). I have read this and heard this a million times before and still it gets to me. Indeed, my response is profoundly unfeminine; stupid ideas have a tendency to make me lose sight of those womanly qualities I need to hold dear ("compassion, intuition, multi-tasking, collaboration, receptivity, and creativity", where are you now?).
You may be reading this and thinking "well, yes, this is anti-feminism, but it's not exactly misogyny. It's just a different – and admittedly rubbish – view of what women are". That's what I used to think, but something about this piece has made me think "actually, no". It is misogyny. This myth of female power and essentially feminine skills has fueled the hatred of women for millennia. It's the same old story – women are dominating the world on the sly thanks to their sneaky superior skills in stuff like "intuiting" and "communicating". It might look like they're not ruling over everything, but sod what appearances tell you. That's just what the women want you to think, but well-known authorities on "female skills" would beg to differ.
I am not sure how "compassion, intuition, multi-tasking" etc. help you if you're being denied an abortion, or find yourself sexually harassed in the workplace, or can't get your ex to pay child support, or are being held responsible for the sexual assault of which you were a victim, or are starving yourself to death because your body feels unacceptable to the world, or are being beaten by your partner and have no money and nowhere to go. Presumably you're meant to intuit your way out of such situations but personally I'd like to feel that society as a whole was on the side of women who are suffering discrimination in such a wide variety of ways. Still, what the heck. It's not as though female skills – or womanly wiles, as they're also known – don't come in useful at some point, at least as far as history, literature, religion and mythology are concerned. Eve, ever "receptive" to the arguments of others (serpents included), used her communication skills to make Adam eat the apple. Delilah's "erotic capital" brought Samson to his knees. Lady Macbeth's emotional intelligence and intuition provided her with the language to drive her husband to murder. The hand that rocks the cradle rules the world (and yes, deep down, all women have the power to be exactly like that Rebecca de Mornay character).
The myth of secretive, manipulative feminine power is constantly used to justify the collective punishment of womankind. With our communication skills, our nurturing capacity and our natural beauty, we women could control everything (except that, Pandora-like, we'd fuck it up). Hence it's best for men – the ones with the brawn – to bat us down while they still have the chance, although not without first giving a nod to our "superior" womanly skills (thanks, Simon Baron-Cohen, Steve Pinker and every religious belief I have ever encountered). I've seriously had enough of it. It's not just that patriarchal religion – or evolutionary psychology as it's often called these days – is reductive and oppressive. It's dishonest and manipulative in a way that goes far beyond what the average cunning woman, with her apparent string of GCSE A*s and genius capacity for influencing others, could ever achieve in-between dirty nappies and low-paid split shifts.
Anyhow, that's what I'm thinking right now. How sodding unoriginal all this is, and how untrue, this random collection of double-edged "female skills" that is called on both to pacify women and to crush them underfoot. I'm really pissed off with it. And yeah, that's not a very "collaborative" or "creative" response, but it's an honest one. And do you know what I think? If real, I bet Eve, Pandora and Delilah weren't being "womanly" – I bet they were just seriously pissed off too.


text:
Two men were left with slash and puncture wounds and needed hospital treatment following an attack.
The incident is thought to have occurred between midnight and 1.30am in the early hours of Wednesday, February 25.
The men, aged 18 and 24, have since been discharged from hospital.
DS Adrian Belle, of Kirklees District CID, said:''The suspects are believed to be have known to the victims and we are treating this as a targeted incident.
"We are appealing for anyone who was in the Grange Road Area between midnight and 1.30am who may have witnessed the incident, or have information that may assist the investigation.''
Any witnesses or anyone with information is asked to contact Kirklees CID via: 101 and quoting crime reference number: 13150076978 or call Crimestoppers, anonymously and in confidence, on: 0800 555 111.