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Corrupt Personalization
("And also Bud Light.")
In my last two posts I've been writing about my attempt to convince a group of sophomores with no background in my field that there has been a shift to the algorithmic allocation of attention — and that this is important. In this post I'll respond to a student question. My favorite: "Sandvig says that algorithms are dangerous, but what are the the most serious repercussions that he envisions?" What is the coming social media apocalypse we should be worried about?
This is an important question because people who study this stuff are NOT as interested in this student question as they should be. Frankly, we are specialists who study media and computers and things — therefore we care about how algorithms allocate attention among cultural products almost for its own sake. Because this is the central thing that we study, we don't spend a lot of time justifying it.
And our field's most common response to the query "what are the dangers?" often lacks the required sense of danger. The most frequent response is: "extensive personalization is bad for democracy." (a.k.a. Pariser's "filter bubble," Sunstein's "egocentric" Internet, and so on). This framing lacks a certain house-on-fire urgency, doesn't it?
(sarcastic tone:) "Oh, no! I'm getting to watch, hear, and read exactly what I want. Help me! Somebody do something!"
Sometimes (as Hindman points out) the contention is the opposite, that Internet-based concentration is bad for democracy. But remember that I'm not speaking to political science majors here. The average person may not be as moved by an abstract, long-term peril to democracy as the average political science professor. As David Weinberger once said after I warned about the increasing reliance on recommendation algorithms, "So what?" Personalization sounds like a good thing.
As a side note, the second most frequent response I see is that algorithms are now everywhere. And they work differently than what came before. This also lacks a required sense of danger! Yes, they're everywhere, but if they are a good thing…
So I really like this question "what are the the most serious repercussions?" because I think there are some elements of the shift to attention-sorting algorithms that are genuinely "dangerous." I can think of at least two, probably more, and they don't get enough attention. In the rest of this post I'll spell out the first one which I'll call "corrupt personalization."
Here we go.
Common-sense reasoning about algorithms and culture tells us that the purveyors of personalized content have the same interests we do. That is, if Netflix started recommending only movies we hate or Google started returning only useless search results we would stop using them. However: Common sense is wrong in this case. Our interests are often not the same as the providers of these selection algorithms. As in my last post, let's work through a few concrete examples to make the case.
In this post I'll use Facebook examples, but the general problem of corrupt personalization is present on all of our media platforms in wide use that employ the algorithmic selection of content.
(1) Facebook "Like" Recycling
(Image from ReadWriteWeb.)
On Facebook, in addition to advertisements along the side of the interface, perhaps you've noticed "featured," "sponsored," or "suggested" stories that appear inside your news feed, intermingled with status updates from your friends. It could be argued that this is not in your interest as a user (did you ever say, "gee, I'd like ads to look just like messages from my friends"?), but I have bigger fish to fry.
Many ads on Facebook resemble status updates in that there can be messages endorsing the ads with "likes." For instance, here is an older screenshot from ReadWriteWeb:
Another example: a "suggested" post was mixed into my news feed just this morning recommending World Cup coverage on Facebook itself. It's a Facebook ad for Facebook, in other words. It had this intriguing addendum:
So, wait… I have hundreds of friends and eleven of them "like" Facebook? Did they go to http://www.facebook.com and click on a button like this:
But facebook.com doesn't even have a "Like" button! Did they go to Facebook's own Facebook page (yes, there is one) and click "Like"? I know these people and that seems unlikely. And does Nicolala really like Walmart? Hmmm…
What does this "like" statement mean? Welcome to the strange world of "like" recycling. Facebook has defined "like" in ways that depart from English usage. For instance, in the past Facebook has determined that:
- Anyone who clicks on a "like" button is considered to have "liked" all future content from that source. So if you clicked a "like" button because someone shared a "Fashion Don't" from Vice magazine, you may be surprised when your dad logs into Facebook three years later and is shown a current sponsored story from Vice.com like "Happy Masturbation Month!" or "How to Make it in Porn" with the endorsement that you like it. (Vice.com example is from Craig Condon [NSFW].)
- Anyone who "likes" a comment on a shared link is considered to "like" wherever that link points to. a.k.a. "'liking a share." So if you see a (real) FB status update from a (real) friend and it says: "Yuck! The McLobster is a disgusting product idea!" and your (real) friend include a (real) link like this one — that means if you clicked "like" your friends may see McDonald's ads in the future that include the phrase "(Your Name) likes McDonalds." (This example is from ReadWriteWeb.)
This has led to some interesting results, like dead people "liking" current news stories on Facebook.
There is already controversy about advertiser "like" inflation, "like" spam, and fake "likes," — and these things may be a problem too, but that's not what we are talking about here. In the examples above the system is working as Facebook designed it to. A further caveat: note that the definition of "like" in Facebook's software changes periodically and when they are sued. Facebook now has an opt-out setting for the above two "features."
But these incendiary examples are exceptional fiascoes — on the whole the system probably works well. You likely didn't know that your "like" clicks are merrily producing ads on your friends pages and in your name because you cannot see them. These "stories" do not appear on your news feed and cannot be individually deleted.
Unlike the examples from my last post you can't quickly reproduce these results with certainty on your own account. Still, if you want to try, make a new Facebook account under a fake name (warning! dangerous!) and friend your real account. Then use the new account to watch your status updates.
Why would Facebook do this? Obviously it is a controversial practice that is not going to be popular with users. Yet Facebook's business model is to produce attention for advertisers, not to help you — silly rabbit. So they must have felt that using your reputation to produce more ad traffic from your friends was worth the risk of irritating you. Or perhaps they thought that the practice could be successfully hidden from users — that strategy has mostly worked!
In sum this is a personalization scheme that does not serve your goals, it serves Facebook's goals at your expense.
(2) "Organic" Content
This second group of examples concerns content that we consider to be "not advertising," a.k.a. "organic" content. Funnily enough, algorithmic culture has produced this new use of the word "organic" — but has also made the boundary between "advertising" and "not advertising" very blurry.
The general problem is that there are many ways in which algorithms act as mixing valves between things that can be easily valued with money (like ads) and things that can't. And this kind of mixing is a normative problem (what should we do) and not a technical problem (how do we do it).
For instance, for years Facebook has encouraged nonprofits, community-based organizations, student clubs, other groups, and really anyone to host content on facebook.com. If an organization creates a Facebook page for itself, the managers can update the page as though it were a profile.
Most page managers expect that people who "like" that page get to see the updates… which was true until January of this year. At that time Facebook modified its algorithm so that text updates from organizations were not widely shared. This is interesting for our purposes because Facebook clearly states that it wants page operators to run Facebook ad campaigns, and not to count on getting traffic from "organic" status updates, as it will no longer distribute as many of them.
This change likely has a very differential effect on, say, Nike's Facebook page, a small local business's Facebook page, Greenpeace International's Facebook page, and a small local church congregation's Facebook page. If you start a Facebook page for a school club, you might be surprised that you are spending your labor writing status updates that are never shown to anyone. Maybe you should buy an ad. Here's an analytic for a page I manage:
The impact isn't just about size — at some level businesses might expect to have to insert themselves into conversations via persuasive advertising that they pay for, but it is not as clear that people expect Facebook to work this way for their local church or other domains of their lives. It's as if on Facebook, people were using the yellow pages but they thought they were using the white pages. And also there are no white pages.
(Oh, wait. No one knows what yellow pages and white pages are anymore. Scratch that reference, then.)
No need to stop here, in the future perhaps Facebook can monetize my family relationships. It could suggest that if I really want anyone to know about the birth of my child, or I really want my "insightful" status updates to reach anyone, I should turn to Facebook advertising.
Let me also emphasize that this mixing problem extends to the content of our personal social media conversations as well. A few months back, I posted a Facebook status update that I thought was humorous. I shared a link highlighting the hilarious product reviews for the Bic "Cristal For Her" ballpoint pen on Amazon. It's a pen designed just for women.
The funny thing is that I happened to look at a friend of mine's Facebook feed over their shoulder, and my status update didn't go away. It remained, pegged at the top of my friend's news feed, for as long as 14 days in one instance. What great exposure for my humor, right? But it did seem a little odd… I queried my other friends on Facebook and some confirmed that the post was also pegged at the top of their news feed.
I was unknowingly participating in another Facebook program that converts organic status updates into ads. It does this by changing their order in the news feed and adding the text "Sponsored" in light gray, which is very hard to see. Otherwise at least some updates are not changed. I suspect Facebook's algorithm thought I was advertising Amazon (since that's where the link pointed), but I am not sure.
This is similar to Twitter's "Promoted Tweets" but there is one big difference. In the Facebook case the advertiser promotes content — my content — that they did not write. In effect Facebook is re-ordering your conversations with your friends and family on the basis of whether or not someone mentioned Coke, Levi's, and Anheuser Busch (confirmed advertisers in the program).
Sounds like a great personal social media strategy there–if you really want people to know about your forthcoming wedding, maybe just drop a few names? Luckily the algorithms aren't too clever about this yet so you can mix up the word order for humorous effect.
(Facebook status update:) "I am so delighted to be engaged to this wonderful woman that I am sitting here in my Michelob drinking a Docker's Khaki Collection. And also Coke."
Be sure to use links. I find the interesting thing about this mixing of the commercial and non-commercial to be that it sounds to my ears like some sort of corny, unrealistic science fiction scenario and yet with the current Facebook platform I believe the above example would work. We are living in the future.
So to recap, if Nike makes a Facebook page and posts status updates to it, that's "organic" content because they did not pay Facebook to distribute it. Although any rational human being would see it as an ad. If my school group does the same thing, that's also organic content, but they are encouraged to buy distribution — which would make it inorganic. If I post a status update or click "like" in reaction to something that happens in my life and that happens to involve a commercial product, my action starts out as organic, but then it becomes inorganic (paid for) because a company can buy my words and likes and show them to other people without telling me. Got it? This paragraph feels like we are rethinking CHEM 402.
The upshot is that control of the content selection algorithm is used by Facebook to get people to pay for things they wouldn't expect to pay for, and to show people personalized things that they don't think are paid for. But these things were in fact paid for. In sum this is again a scheme that does not serve your goals, it serves Facebook's goals at your expense.
The Danger: Corrupt Personalization
With these concrete examples behind us, I can now more clearly answer this student question. What are the most serious repercussions of the algorithmic allocation of attention?
I'll call this first repercussion "corrupt personalization" after C. Edwin Baker. (Baker, a distinguished legal philosopher, coined the phrase "corrupt segmentation" in 1998 as an extension of the theories of philosopher Jürgen Habermas.)
Here's how it works: You have legitimate interests that we'll call "authentic." These interests arise from your values, your community, your work, your family, how you spend your time, and so on. A good example might be that as a person who is enrolled in college you might identify with the category "student," among your many other affiliations. As a student, you might be authentically interested in an upcoming tuition increase or, more broadly, about the contention that "there are powerful forces at work in our society that are actively hostile to the college ideal."
However, you might also be authentically interested in the fact that your cousin is getting married. Or in pictures of kittens.
Corrupt personalization is the process by which your attention is drawn to interests that are not your own. This is a little tricky because it is impossible to clearly define an "authentic" interest. However, let's put that off for the moment.
In the prior examples we saw some (I hope) obvious places where my interests diverged from that of algorithmic social media systems. Highlights for me were:
- When I express my opinion about something to my friends and family, I do not want that opinion re-sold without my knowledge or consent.
- When I explicitly endorse something, I don't want that endorsement applied to other things that I did not endorse.
- If I want to read a list of personalized status updates about my friends and family, I do not want my friends and family sorted by how often they mention advertisers.
- If a list of things is chosen for me, I want the results organized by some measure of goodness for me, not by how much money someone has paid.
- I want paid content to be clearly identified.
- I do not want my information technology to sort my life into commercial and non-commercial content and systematically de-emphasize the noncommercial things that I do, or turn these things toward commercial purposes.
More generally, I think the danger of corrupt personalization is manifest in three ways.
- Things that are not necessarily commercial become commercial because of the organization of the system. (Merton called this "pseudo-gemeinschaft," Habermas called it "colonization of the lifeworld.")
- Money is used as a proxy for "best" and it does not work. That is, those with the most money to spend can prevail over those with the most useful information. The creation of a salable audience takes priority over your authentic interests. (Smythe called this the "audience commodity," it is Baker's "market filter.")
- Over time, if people are offered things that are not aligned with their interests often enough, they can be taught what to want. That is, they may come to wrongly believe that these are their authentic interests, and it may be difficult to see the world any other way. (Similar to Chomsky and Herman's [not Lippman's] arguments about "manufacturing consent.")
There is nothing inherent in the technologies of algorithmic allocation that is doing this to us, instead the economic organization of the system is producing these pressures. In fact, we could design a system to support our authentic interests, but we would then need to fund it. (Thanks, late capitalism!)
To conclude, let's get some historical perspective. What are the other options, anyway? If cultural selection is governed by computer algorithms now, you might answer, "who cares?" It's always going to be governed somehow. If I said in a talk about "algorithmic culture" that I don't like the Netflix recommender algorithm, what is supposed to replace it?
This all sounds pretty bad, so you might think I am asking for a return to "pre-algorithmic" culture: Let's reanimate the corpse of Louis B. Mayer and he can decide what I watch. That doesn't seem good either and I'm not recommending it. We've always had selection systems and we could even call some of the earlier ones "algorithms" if we want to. However, we are constructing something new and largely unprecedented here and it isn't ideal. It isn't that I think algorithms are inherently dangerous, or bad — quite the contrary. To me this seems like a case of squandered potential.
With algorithmic culture, computers and algorithms are allowing a new level of real-time personalization and content selection on an individual basis that just wasn't possible before. But rather than use these tools to serve our authentic interests, we have built a system that often serves a commercial interest that is often at odds with our interests — that's corrupt personalization.
If I use the dominant forms of communication online today (Facebook, Google, Twitter, YouTube, etc.) I can expect content customized for others to use my name and my words without my consent, in ways I wouldn't approve of. Content "personalized" for me includes material I don't want, and obscures material that I do want. And it does so in a way that I may not be aware of.
This isn't an abstract problem like a long-term threat to democracy, it's more like a mugging — or at least a confidence game or a fraud. It's violence being done to you right now, under your nose. Just click "like."
In answer to your question, dear student, that's my first danger.
* * *
This blog post is already too long, but here is a TL;DR addendum for people who already know about all this stuff.
I'm calling this corrupt personalization because I cant just apply Baker's excellent ideas about corrupt segments — the world has changed since he wrote them. Although this post's reasoning is an extension of Baker, it is not a straightforward extension.
Algorithmic attention is a big deal because we used to think about media and identity using categories, but the algorithms in wide use are not natively organized that way. Baker's ideas were premised on the difference between authentic and inauthentic categories ("segments"), yet segments are just not that important anymore. Bermejo calls this the era of post-demographics.
Advertisers used to group demographics together to make audiences comprehensible, but it may no longer be necessary to buy and sell demographics or categories as they are a crude proxy for purchasing behavior. If I want to sell a Subaru, why buy access to "Brite Lights, Li'l City" (My PRIZM marketing demographic from the 1990s) when I can directly detect "intent to purchase a station wagon" or "shopping for a Subaru right now"? This complicates Baker's idea of authentic segments quite a bit. See also Gillespie's concept of calculated publics.
Also Baker was writing in an era where content was inextricably linked to advertising because it was not feasible to decouple them. But today algorithmic attention sorting has often completely decoupled advertising from content. Online we see ads from networks that are based on user behavior over time, rather than what content the user is looking at right now. The relationship between advertising support and content is therefore more subtle than in the previous era, and this bears more investigation.
Okay, okay I'll stop now.
* * *
(This is a cross-post from Multicast.)
June 26, 2014 4:05 pm
This post is spot on in defining what I don't like about Facebook and why it seems that only a handful of my friends are still sharing anything there. Yes, when they do and I see it, Facebook is a wonderful place. But more often than not I realize that I am missing important (to me) updates because Facebook has decided that they are not relevant for me. This, to me, is more important than the mismatched advertising I'm seeing as I can ignore that. But what's the point of me logging into Facebook when I no longer see updates from the people I care about? Facebook's main appeal is gone and I think they killed it. To answer the question you posed at the beginning of this post: yes, if recommendations are bad we will begin to ignore them. If Facebook's stream, the one thing we can see and respond to, becomes irrelevant, we will go elsewhere.
June 27, 2014 10:13 am
It's realistic to conclude "Facebook is sleazy" after reading this. But I think that we can make a similar case about any of the dominant platforms. If we switch to another platform, that new platform will also face the same incentives to monetize our attention.
It's more of a "don't hate the player, hate the game" situation. That's frustrating, because it is hard to see an easy solution for it.
Thanks for your comment Hagit.
June 26, 2014 5:55 pm
Awesome post. Love all the work that went in illustrating it.
June 27, 2014 4:26 am
Nice write-up… By the way have you gone through Eli Pariser's work on analyzing "Filter Bubbles"? And also Clay Johnson's "The Information Diet"?
June 27, 2014 10:56 am
Terrific post, Christian. You should turn it into a paper (if you are not doing so already!)
Chris permalinkJune 27, 2014 2:32 pm
Thanks for this post! I am a teacher and often struggle to explain to young people the dangers beyond "it's bad for democracy" and it limits our choices. You mention "Corrupt Personalization" as your first danger. Is this the first in a series of posts of the dangers? Or, even better, is this the first part of an article-length treatment?
June 28, 2014 5:17 am
this is excellent. and i'd like to 2nd the suggestion to turn it into a paper (and retain as much of the tone of this post as possible)!!
Liron permalinkJune 30, 2014 10:42 am
Excellent. Please do write more on this subject.
I think that there's more to that than "Algorithms are dangerous". I think that there's a truly moral hazard [1] problem with the business models of these companies.
Google, Facebook and other "give use your data" companies, have huge incentives to gather as much data on us.
The really bad part is that as they offer their services for free, it's much harder to make revenue. So in order to make revenue, they'll do whatever they can with our data.
So once we're locked-in and are heavy users, they can easily manipulate us.
These companies will do whatever it takes like – follow our browsing (Chrome, Facebook "stay signed in"), generating all kinds of manipulation algorithms (google page rank, facebook new feed).
I'd like to stress out that Amazon is acting quite the same. for example, they provide cheap and effective marketplace for sellers, but once a seller of a product gets high revenues, they usually price-cut him and take all his revenue. [2]
[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral_hazard
[2] http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702304441404577482902055882264
July 10, 2014 10:52 am
Thank you! I'd "like" this comment if such an option existed in Word Press.
Liron permalinkJuly 15, 2014 10:04 am
I just re-read my reply.
What I was trying to point out is that there's an inherent connection between all those data-collection monsters and the algorithms you were describing in the post.
These algorithms need huge data sets to be effective. And that's the reason why these companies must collect as much data as possible on everyone.
That's why I'm scared, because actually these companies mainly gives us services so that their data collection will be better and more accurate, rather than provide us value.
I'd actually really appreciate If you could elaborate on the inherent connection between these algorithms and the data collection policies.
July 15, 2014 1:29 pm
I agree that the business model drives data collection — the audience is the commodity that is sold, and to be sold the audience commodity has to be quantified and packaged and described. This will certainly affect the algorithms that select advertising, although we could imagine that personal data could be kept separate from the platforms that host the ads. (Many sites already have this arrangement — they use DoubleClick etc. to serve ads but the content producers do not particularly gather or hold the data about their audience).
I think it is less clear that all selection or recommendation algorithms necessarily are rapacious collectors of data even though they are data-driven. I'll try to talk about this in my next post. This magazine article (http://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2014/03/the-algorithm-economy-inside-the-formulas-of-facebook-and-amazon/284358/) compares Amazon vs. Facebook (item-to-item collaborative filtering vs. EdgeRank) and helpfully points out that different algorithmic strategies require different amounts and kinds of personal data.
Indeed in many cases when you are designing an algorithm after a certain amount of data are collected, additional data add no new information. For example as part of the Netflix prize to improve the Netflix recommender algorithm, Netflix shared data from 480,000 users. That seems like a lot, but Netflix has over 45 million subscribers right now. So to design an effective algorithm "required" the data from 1% of Netflix users.
I agree algorithms depend on data, and also that companies might habitually "collect as much data as possible" but I don't think the nature of algorithms always requires "as much data as possible."
aemese permalinkJuly 3, 2014 10:06 pm
Now I'm scared about clicking "Like" button. Thanks for sharing, this crazy personalization world is deeper than we thought… This text fits with some parts of my thesis, could I quote it?
cjyar permalinkJuly 7, 2014 2:08 pm
This is information that needs to be seen by everybody who uses the Internet. (That means everybody.) You present it in an organized way, more rationally than the occasional "Facebook is evil" evangelist who comes across as a crackpot or Luddite. However, the post is awfully long. I think a brief list of facts and conclusions, with links, would be useful for spreading the word. It would get read more and allow the reader to direct his attention to specific aspects of this pervasive influence on our minds.
- multicast » Blog Archive » Corrupt Personalization
- Show-and-Tell: Algorithmic Culture | Social Media Collective
- multicast » Blog Archive » Show and Tell: Algorithmic Culture
- on facebook and research methods | orgtheory.net
- Algorithm Regulation #7: Experimenting with Algorithms for Business and Research |
- Manipulación, Emociones y Algoritmos: Somos el Laboratorio de Facebook | Ornitorrinco Digital
- All the world's a laboratory? On Facebook's emotional contagion experiment and user rights | Alexander von Humboldt Institut für Internet und Gesellschaft
- URLs of wisdom (end of June – 5th July) | Social in silico
- Facebook Is Good for Science – The Conversation - Blogs - The Chronicle of Higher Education
- Corrupt personalization | mathew


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Diesels offer good mix of economy and power
The Grand Scenic is longer and heavier than the regular Scenic, but that doesn't mean it's very expensive to run. The 1.5-litre dCi 110 diesel can return 68.9mpg and its CO2 emissions are low enought for £20-a-year road tax. The more powerful dCi 130 diesel can still manage 64.2mpg, while road tax will cost slightly more, at £30 a year.
Although they can't match the diesels, the Grand Scenic petrol engines are still reasonably efficient. The basic petrol can return 47.9mpg and emits 135g/km of CO2, so road tax is a reasonable £130 per year. The faster petrol enigne doesn't make much sense, though, as it can manage only 45.6mpg and is slower than the most powerful diesel.
Engines, drive & performance
High seating position gives good visibility
A high driving position gives you excellent visibility in the Grand Scenic – although seeing out the back is a bit tricky. The car also has light steering and soft suspension, which make it extremely relaxing to drive. The basic 109bhp 1.5-litre diesel is cheap to run and quick enough, although it feels underpowered when the car is fully loaded with people and kit. The more powerful 1.6-litre diesel is an ideal solution thanks to its extra power, while the hi-tech 1.2-litre turbocharged petrol is much better than the old 1.6-litre petrol.
Interior & comfort
Has even more room than standard Scenic
Getting comfortable behind the wheel of the Grand Scenic should be simple thanks to a wide range of adjustment for both the driver's seat and steering wheel. Unfortunately, despite the Renault's raised driving position, rear visibility isn't great, meaning it can be tricky to reverse.
Wind and road noise are well suppressed, so the Grand Scenic is a comfortable car for long journeys and the suspension also smoothes out bumps in the road. The dashboard is cleverly laid-out, with dials pushed up close to the windscreen to give front-seat occupants more space.
Practicality & boot space
Rear seats can be removed for extra space
The Renault Scenic isn't as flexibile as the Peugeot 5008, because the middle row of seats doesn't fold flat into the floor. You can remove them completely, but we found this awkward because they're quite heavy.
The two seats in the boot are also only really suitable for children, and they're tricky to access, too. To be fair, the middle row folds forwards and backwards and can also recline. On top-spec models, the centre console can also slide forwards to leave extra space for the middle passenger's feet, and the floor is flat, too.
Although there are plenty of cubbyholes dotted around the cabin, the Renault Scenic's glovebox is very small and you don't get the useful dashboard storage space of a Citroen C4 Grand Picasso.
The Grand Scenic has a huge boot with the two spare seats folded down. Remove the middle row of seats and capacity expands to the maximum 2,063 litres.
Reliability & safety
Renault's uncertain reliability is improving
The Renault Grand Scenic defied Renault's poor reputation for reliability in our 2013 Driver Power owner satisfaction survey to finish in fourth position. That didn't stick for 2014, when the car tumbled to 53rd place, although that still isn't too bad. It was marked down in particular for poor performance and build quality. The new model does feel much better built than the old Scenic, however, so there is some hope.
Safety is something Renault has excelled at since the mid-nineties, and the Grand Scenic received a five-star rating from Euro NCAP when it was tested in 2009. It also boasts clever two-stage airbags and electronic stability control as standard.
Price, value for money & options
Grand version has big premium over standard Scenic
The bigger Grand Scenic costs £1,200 more than the normal five-seater Scenic, but it makes sense if you need extra space and seats. All models have electric windows, 16-inch alloy wheels, automatic headlights and wipers, a Bluetooth phone connection, dual-zone climate control, rear window blinds and cruise control. The Bose+ pack adds a premium Bose stereo, 17-inch alloys and roof bars.
All Renaults now come with a four-year/100,000-mile warranty, but the Renault Grand Scenic will likely lose more value than rivals such as the Citroen Grand C4 Picasso.


text:
Largest iPod User Group launched
Join the largest iPod user group in the world. (Over 19,000 members)
iLounge has been planning to develop an online iPod User Group since February 2004. Now, having received encouraging words and support from Mac/iPod author Chris Breen, and Chuck Joiner, the man Chris named 'Grand Poobah' of Macintosh User Groups, we've decided to go for it. With over 19,000 members in our Forums (the largest online community of iPod owners worldwide) iLounge has a "built-in audience," as Chuck has put it, and we always want to find ways to improve the lives of our members.
How do you become a member?
Good news. If you're a registered member of the iLounge forums, you're already a member of the free iPod User Group - the largest iPod User Group in the world. If you're not yet a member of the forums, join up and become a part of the iPod User Group.
iPod User Group benefits
Monthly Monday Meetings and Deals.
We will hold official online chats on the first Monday of every month via iChat and AOL AIM beginning at 6 pm ET/3 pm PT. Every member is welcomed and encouraged to participate. Each chat will include gear giveaways, a feature discussion with an industry expert or accessory manufacturer, discounts and information regarding the iPod/iPod mini, tips, hacks, mods, latest gear updates and more.
Win a Prize:
As a side benefit, we plan to offer giveaways at each official chat. In addition to giveaways of new iPod gear, we will give away one iLounge t-shirt (winner's choice of size and design) per chat. (Note: Winners have to be a registered member of the iLounge forums.)
All members will be sent an email newsletter featuring member profiles, recent iPod news, recent Site news, special deals/discounts and more. Members may opt-out of the emailed newsletter at any time, but who would want to?
Watch this space for more info and news as we line up our first guests and topics for the first online meeting on Monday, May 3, 2004 at 6 pm ET/3 pm PT.
Related Stories
can u download the ipod software with windows ME?
Posted by rodedogg23 on October 7, 2004 at 8:29 PM (CDT)
I have a 3rd generation Ipod and I have disabled the automatic libraries update because I dont want to clog up my computer with music. Basically I load a song on my library, load it onto my machine, and erase it from my library. Here's the thing: I want to create a playlist of old school hip-hop (no problem), and burn it onto a CD to give to some one(BIG PROBLEM!). Can anyone give me some insight into solving this problem? Thanks
Posted by ELJAM on October 11, 2004 at 2:47 PM (CDT)
My ipod doesn't show up on itunes. what did i di wrong.
Posted by iwannarock on April 2, 2005 at 12:24 PM (CST)
I have all my music files in window media how can I transfer them into i tunes
Posted by john on July 16, 2005 at 2:34 AM (CDT)
Hi, I have a 20gb ipod bouth last year ... I had a PC at the time, now I bought a iMac G5 panther system and I want to stt my ipod to work with only my Mac now. What do I have to do? Do I have to update my ipod? Will I loose my songs?
Please help me!! I called Mac support and they want to charge me to answer any questions because I did not buy apple care.
Posted by PauloSousa on July 30, 2005 at 5:23 PM (CDT)
Hi there, I have a 60GB iPhoto - has anyone ever had theirs switch on by itself?
Posted by Natalie on August 3, 2005 at 6:11 AM (CDT)
does anyone know if u can get the music off a mac ipod onto a pc. need to leave the music on the ipod and leave the ipod as a mac ipod
Posted by matthew tall on January 4, 2007 at 5:01 AM (CST)
just bought 80gb and have been using windows as desktop and music system. also just bought macbook question is can i plug pod into either op system or do I have to make a choice
Posted by GeeJay on April 6, 2007 at 7:27 AM (CDT)
hi. umm, not to change the subject or anything, but my computer crashed and I didn't back up my music (dumb, I know). So now since my itunes library is empty, updating my ipod will wipe out all my songs. Is there any way that i could get the songs transferred from my ipod TO my itunes library? Help would be very much appreciated. thanks! :)
Posted by Jillena Stonier on April 26, 2007 at 6:43 PM (CDT)
I have a Sony DSLR, a 30GB ipod & a mac G%. I transferred some RAW (Sony ARW) photo files from my camera to the ipod..but then I inadvertently deleted them. I ran ImageRecall & it recovered the photos, but I can't open the files. I have tried a number of other photo recovery applications but to no avail. Please help!
Posted by helmutnc on July 4, 2007 at 1:21 PM (CDT)
I have a Sony DSLR, a 30GB ipod & a mac G5. I transferred some RAW (Sony ARW) photo files from my camera to the ipod..but then I inadvertently deleted them. I ran ImageRecall & it recovered the photos, but I can't open the files. I have tried a number of other photo recovery applications but to no avail.
Any help would be appreciated
Posted by helmutnc on July 6, 2007 at 7:20 PM (CDT)
I have a 2004 refurbished i-pod photo,i've already had to send it in to have the HDD replaced,and it was working fine,until i re-did my itunes library,ive tried the 5 r's,installed ipod reset utility,and all the requested software updates,and i can't get my 2006 macbook to recongize the device!!!!please help me,i need some new music soon!!!thank you,j.c.
Posted by james czelatdko on August 4, 2007 at 2:24 PM (CDT)
I own an 60GB iPod A1099 and I cannot turn it off. pause-play button only turns off screen background light. I suspect the wheel is damaged. Have you ever had the same problem with your iPods, and how did you fix it?
Posted by Tania Maldonado on February 4, 2008 at 10:26 PM (CST)
I have a 30 GB iPod.
The only loaded 476 MB of songs on it & have used it primarily for temporary photo storage. on my last trip, I ran out of space for photos.
I have downloaded the photos & deleted them from the iPod. I checked to the best of my ability, & find that I have only 826.8 MB available!
Where are the other 28+ GB?
I need more space for photo storage for my trip to Australia starting in a week!
Posted by Helmut Mueller on May 13, 2009 at 4:15 PM (CDT)
I have a new computer and cannot synch my iPod with the new computer. I download songs to the new computer, but they wont't synch to the iPod. I get the message to erase my iPod and then synch. I don't want to do that because I will lose the songs I put on the iPod from the old computer. I don't have the old computer because it was replaced under warranty. What can I do????
Posted by stacia on May 22, 2009 at 10:57 PM (CDT)
I have an iPod nano 5th generation. In my Adresses I have a field Birthday. This is after synchronisation with iTunes, I can't see all adresses and a lot of informations but not the field/information birthday. what can I do? Is this a bug in iPod or what is the problem.
Posted by Claudius Sailer on September 30, 2009 at 2:11 PM (CDT)
I am having problems moving music to an external hard drive. Once I import the CD, it appears in Itunes but does not appear in the external drive. HELP
Posted by Michael Lewis on October 21, 2009 at 7:19 AM (CDT)
I purchased an ipod touch rather impulsively because I had heard that you could get music from any website, not just itunes. I also don't own a computer so I had to use someone elses to sync my unit and carry out the initial setup. I put itunes on the unit as far as I know, but I tried to download a ripped cd to the ipod and it would not drag and drop to the removable disc or would it sync to my ipod to put the music on my unit. Is there anything I can do to restore my freedom to get songs on my own without having to use the computer that I synced with initially. Help please.
Posted by jogoryo on December 26, 2009 at 11:59 PM (CST)
I have a large collection of (mostly) classical music, so to me an Album is the 4 movements of a symphony, or whatever, but these exist as 4 files. I have an iPod Touch: am I being thick in failing to find a way of playing whole albums from my collection at random? I can get it to do that with tracks, I've tried consolidating into Albums, to no avail. The annoying thing is that iTunes allows me to do this, which is why I bought the iPod, assuming it would as well.
A very disillusioned Apple customer!
Posted by Lex Hope on June 16, 2013 at 1:07 PM (CDT)
If you have a comment, news tip, advertising inquiry, or coverage request, a question about iPods/iPhones/iPad or accessories, or if you sell or market iPod/iPhone/iPad products or services, read iLounge's Comments + Questions policies before posting, and fully identify yourself if you do. We will delete comments containing advertising, astroturfing, trolling, personal attacks, offensive language, or other objectionable content, then ban and/or publicly identify violators.
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Taste of Cooper-Young
Walking tour of restaurants raises funds for Literacy Council
Green, purple, blue and white balloons marked the spots where food and drink were available at "A Taste of Cooper-Young" Thursday night.
Guests at the Memphis Literacy Council fund-raiser began the walking tour of restaurants at Burke's Book Store, where they were served "literatinis" -- lemon vodka and creme de cassis.
They then moved to the various eating establishments for cuisine, which included tequila lime-cured salmon at Tsunami, saffron-risotto croquettes at The Beauty Shop, bacon-wrapped shrimp at Cafe Ole and shepherd's pie at Celtic Crossing. Other participating restaurants were The Blue Fish, do Sushi and Lounge and Young Ave. Deli.
Last stop on the tour was the Memphis Literacy Council headquarters, where desserts from Chef Paula Naumcheff-Pulido were served. Her new restaurant, Sweet, the Exquisite Desserterie, is slated to open soon at 938 South Cooper. Rene Koopman and Sam Shoup provided the live music.
Blues on the Bluff
If you missed Blues on the Bluff Part 1 Saturday night, you have to wait only three weeks for Blues on the Bluff Part 2. It will take place Aug. 18 at the same location -- the National Ornamental Metal Museum on the banks of the Mississippi River.
The three B's -- barbecue, beer and blues -- were featured at the fund-raiser for WEVL radio station. Another B -- for BOILING hot weather even after the sun went down -- also was included. The sticky temperatures didn't deter guests who walked about the grounds or sat in rows of lawn chairs and listened to music by performers, including the Bo-Keys and Kenny Brown.
'Make a Miracle' fund-raiser
Shortly after her sight was restored, Jill Nerby founded the Aniridia Foundation International for people living with aniridia, low vision, blindness and glaucoma. The nonprofit agency is based at the Hamilton Eye Institute at the University of Tennessee-Memphis.
"I want to give back to the community," Jill said. "I want to help others."
Jill was born with aniridia -- a genetic eye condition that inhibits eye development too early and leaves it underdeveloped to varying degrees. It can cause complications such as wobbly eyes, cataracts, glaucoma, and an underdeveloped retina and optic nerve. Jill's condition got worse until 2000, when she had her first cell transplant from a deceased donor.
Jill was chairman of this year's "Make a Miracle" Aniridia Foundation International 2007 Charity Dinner and Auction Saturday night at The Peabody. About 250 attended the party and listened to music by Joyce Cobb and her band.
To see more party pictures, go to iDivamemphis.com.
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We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this report:
Peter J. Delfyett, University of Central Florida
Daniel Doxee, GELcore LLC
Dennis K. Killinger, University of South Florida
Nadarajah Narendran, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
William D. Nordhaus, Yale University
E. Fred Schubert, Boston University
Charles V. Shank, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories
Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the content of the report, nor did they see the final draft before its release. The review of this report was overseen by Gerald Dinneen, who was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the institution.
The "Introduction" in Part I of this report presents an overview of the needs and opportunities in solid-state lighting as presented at the symposium. Part II summarizes the conference proceedings, setting out in some detail the views of the symposium participants.
The goal of the workshop was to advance our understanding of the new needs and opportunities arising in solid-state lighting technology and to ensure timely consideration of policies that might encourage the development this promising technology.


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Posts by Robert Henry Sullivan
11 posts • joined 30 Jul 2007
Intel and Nvidia take licensing kerfuffle to court
Did I miss something or did AMD have the controlLer first as well as the so called quick path.
Shouldn't amd have some say as to whether Intel can use either controller or Hypertransport er quick path
What happens when u have a monopoly
Mozilla pilots second release candidate for Firefox 3.0
Tired of couldn't find the site message
I love the download system on firefox but just got tired of every time I tried to go somewhere on the net I get this message couldn''t find it, have to do it again to get there.
so went back to opera, but do not like their download system.
Angry investor offers to buy Transmeta
I was really worried but after listening to Travis, there is still hope, there is intelligence on planet earth. They need to start prosecuting these monopolies but then to not do so is the Republican way.
PS go get em Travis!
Sun's Rock chip waves goodbye to 2008 ship date
the best of the bes, the men of men have MONEY!
I'd say the moneys on Intel ha ha ha ha ha!
No email privacy rights under Constitution, US gov claims
Privacy is according to ur position in society
Case in point, why does the congress have to subpoena the white house e-mail, or why does AMD have to subpoena Intel's e-mail.
Microsoft drops South Korea anti-trust appeal
I'm surprised microsoft don't just pay a fine like that and just keep on bundling, it reminds me of a casino near me that gets fined 10000 doll when found in violation of casino laws, Hey they just pay the 10grand and keep on keepin on.
I'll bet intel is shakin in their boots as to the outcome of korean anit monopoly fines.
lol looks good on paper anyway
Fresh Xeon to rough up twittering Opteron
To Anthony,Leroy,Lozzyho
Researchers: AMD less power-hungry than Intel
Just bought a brand new desktop, Guess who's board and processor is inside?
After getting that new fangled set of windows stabalized, meaning several reinstalls, now my new computer running an AMD processor and board are nice am satisfied, and I didn't have to buy a monopolized product.
Hey Joerg wake up! That Centrino archeticture is a dead horse, why do you think intel is busting it's "butt trying to develop it's own athlon (floating point-hypertransport) it's not because of the superiority of their present design
Boy racer cuffed for 140mph YouTube jaunt
Stupid Cops
The really stupid thing is for the cops to arrest him for doing 140mph in an escort!
However guess it could have been souped up.
If it wasn't that wuld be kicked out of my court if I were Judge, on grounds of stupidity
Oklahoma offers War on Terror numberplates
Down with everything that is against our American Freedoms, and of course down with should start at Home!
But reallly what should have been done to the terrorist overseas,
the U. S. Air Force could have done with a 1ea. B-52 & a 20!!!
Bush wuld have had better luck in Iraq starting a state of Methodist-ism than democracy.
Intel responds to EU's anti-trust statement
Anti Trust
Kinda reminds me of the anti trust against General Electric of the 1950's, Only in this case the Big Bad Guy gets away
Most read
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- Analysis BlackBerry's turnaround relies on a secret weapon: Its own network


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Search pictures and profiles of Senior Singles near you right now. Discover how online dating sites make finding singles in the United States, Canada, and all over the world simple, safe and fun! Once you browse profiles and pictures start flirting, messaging and connecting with other members of the SeniorPeopleMeet.com community. Search today and find other sexy, intelligent singles for casual dating or a serious relationship in your area.Search Single Senior Men | Search Single Senior Women
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I enjoy the beauty in nature and love to be a part of it. I am also passionate about my relationships with family and friends. My job of working with second graders and making some sort of difference in their lives is very important to my being. I basically enjoy life and want to make the most of it.
About the one I'm looking for...
A loyal friend, one who will stand by me and one who is trustworthy is who I am interested in. A sense of humor is essential along with patience. I prefer a friend who is social and enjoys having fun with friends and also who enjoys traveling and having new adventures.
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Long time user?
History of Parliament Trust
Journal of the House of Commons: volume 85: 1830
Comment on this articleDouble click anywhere on the text to add an annotation in-line
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'House of Commons Journal Volume 85: 26 June 1830: Recognition of the accession of William IV', Journal of the House of Commons: volume 85: 1830, pp. 586. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=16269 Date accessed: 24 November 2014.
(Min 3 characters)
26 June 1830: Recognition of the accession of William IV
Recognition of the Accession of Will. IV.
WHEREAS it hath pleased Almighty God to call to His Mercy our late Sovereign Lord King George the
Fourth, of Blessed and Glorious Memory, by whose Decease the Imperial Crown of the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland is solely and rightfully come to the High and Mighty Prince, William Henry Duke
of Clarence and St. Andrew's, and Earl of Munster; We, therefore, the Lords Spiritual and Temporal of this
Realm, being here assisted with these of his late Majesty's Privy Council, with Numbers of other Principal
Gentlemen of Quality, with the Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and Citizens of London, do now hereby with one Voice
and Consent of Tongue and Heart, publish and proclaim, That the High and Mighty Prince, William Henry
Duke of Clarence and St. Andrew's, and Earl of Munster, is now, by the Death of our late Sovereign of Happy
Memory, become our only lawful and rightful Liege Lord William the Fourth, by the Grace of God King
of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Defender of the Faith: To whom we do acknowledge
all Faith and constant Obedience, with all hearty and humble Affection; beseeching God, by whom Kings and
Queens do reign, to bless the Royal Prince, William the Fourth, with long and happy Years, to reign over us.
Given at the Court at St. James's, this Twenty-sixth Day of June 1830.
GOD save the KING.
Augustus Frederick.
William Frederick.
Leopold, P.S.C.
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Wednesday, September 24, 2014 / Views
By Sharon Shapiro-Lacks, Executive Director Yad HaChazakah – JDEC (Published in the "Building Blocks" supplement of The Jewish Press, June 28, 2013.) As a woman who has lived with Cerebral Palsy all my life, I pay close attention to the terminology that is applied to people with disabilities. Words such as "invalid," "cripple," "dumb," or "retard" have always hurt me …Read more >
Wednesday, March 19, 2014 / Views
Reflections on Reelablities at Yad HaChazakah by Lynne Cassouto, Board Treasurer On Sunday, March 9, 2014, Yad HaChazakah-The Jewish Disability Empowerment Center participated in the Sixth Annual Reelabilities Film Festival, screening four compelling and thought provoking films in our Brooklyn offices. The films were presented in two sessions, each consisting of one short and one feature-length film, followed by Q …Read more >
Monday, May 13, 2013 / Views
Finding Our Way to Sinai By R. Michael Levy, Board Member of Yad HaChazakah and Director of Travel Training, NYCT During our seven-week journey towards receiving the Torah at Mount Sinai, our tradition has challenged us to deepen our Torah learning, and to purify our character through the mystical power of counting the Omer. Rabbi Moshe Weinberg suggests another type …Read more >
Wednesday, May 1, 2013 / Views
By Rabbi Michael Levy, Board Member of Yad HaChazakah and Director of Travel Training, NYCT In the Haftarah for Shabbat Behar-Bechukotai, the prophet Jeremiah presents a very elaborate analogy (Chapter 17, verses 5-9): "Thus says G-d – Cursed is the person who trusts in man, and makes (mere) flesh his source of support, and turns his heart away from G-d. …Read more >
Thursday, April 11, 2013 / Views
(Appeared on the Jewish Week's "The New Normal Blog" April 11, 2013 "Words simultaneously reflect and reinforce our attitudes and perceptions; words shape our world." – Kathie Snow, "The Case Against 'Special Needs'" As a person who has met life with a significant level of cerebral palsy, and as a lover of words and their nuances, I have, throughout my …Read more >


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November 21, 2014
05-18-06 - Wednesday night, First News reported on a story about a Fox student who was selected for a scholarship, under the condition the school presents the award at graduation, and now there's a resolution to the controversy.
The KL Foundation in Healdton selects two students from Fox and Healdton High Schools for a $4,000 scholarship, but the Fox student selected almost did not receive it. The foundation wanted to present the scholarship at Fox's graduation this Friday, but the school does not allow awards at the graduation, they have a separate ceremony.
But Thursday, David Smith of the foundation decided to present the student with the scholarship in Healdton. David Smith created the scholarship program nine years ago to honor his late father, KL smith. Since then, they have given over $72,000 to high school students in Fox and Healdton. Justin Smart was the recipient of the scholarship and plans to attend ECU in Ada in the fall.
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Tennessee (23-11) and Virginia Tech (17-17) will play this season's Hokie-Smokey Classic at LewisGale Field in Salem, Va., the home of the Salem Red Sox at 6 p.m. ET on Tuesday. RADIO | LIVE STATS | LIVE BLOG | TICKETS
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text: Schwarzenegger Now the Villain In His Own Movie by Greg Gutfeld 5 Jan 2011 post a comment Share This: So now that Arnold Schwarzenegger is no longer governor, I'd love to see him back on the big screen taking down bad guys. In fact, I even have a script for him. The working title is "HARD VENGEANCE." But I'm also toying with "BRUTAL JUSTICE," "JUSTIFIED VENGEANCE," VENGEFUL JUSTICE," And my fave, "HARD VENGEFUL JUSTICE, INC." But I also like "THE LAST STRAW." But I think people might think it's about hay. Here's the story: Arnold's character is a hardworking joe (named Fred), whose son is in college having the time of this life. During a party at a frat house, Fred's son gets into a fight with gang members, who stab Fred's son to death. The thugs are captured. To Fred's dismay, a plea bargain is made to prevent his son's killers from getting life - after the thugs taunt his family with accusations of guilt, and blaming their actions, mockingly, on gangsta rap. But Fred gets on with his life. Then, everything changes. Yes, it turns out one of the killers had connections. His father was friends with the governor, a well-known celeb. In the final days of his term, the unthinkable happens: the governor commutes the killer's sentence. Fred is devastated. His family, distraught. What does he do? Well in the spirit of all great Arnold flicks like Raw Deal, Commando and Junior, he takes matters into his own hands. He goes after the governor. Fred fights his way up the power ladder of California, taking out bad guys and slimy bureaucrats, until he comes face to face with the villain - a puffy, former action hero with a fondness for cigars and Hummers. In a perfectly matched battle, they slug it out, until Fred finally thrusts a gavel into the gov's cranium. At that point, Arnold (er, Fred) looks to the camera and says, "Case closed." I really think Arnold could pull this movie off! Of course this is just a movie idea. Does anyone have any connections? Tonight: Arthel Neville! Robert George! Jesse Joyce! other stuff! this and that!


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Can Hiv Live In Food
Here's a taste of what TheBody.com has to offer on this topic:
Detroit Restores $100,000 in "Misplaced" Federal Grant Funds for HIV/AIDS Assisted-Living, Food ProgramThe Detroit Department of Human Services on Monday restored $100,000 in federal funding to Wellness House -- a not-for-profit HIV/AIDS organization that helps operate food and assisted-living programs for low-income, HIV-positive people -- after... Read more »
E-Voucher Program Providing Food to Malnourished Zimbabweans Living With HIV, TBAn electronic voucher system, introduced by the World Food Programme (WFP) and implemented by the health ministry and non-governmental organizations, is helping Zimbabweans living with HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis (TB) and their families obtain food... Read more »
U.N. Ambassador Pledges Support to Congolese NGO That Provides Food Security to People Living With HIV/AIDSMyriam Makeba, ambassador to the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization , recently vowed to support the efforts of Congolese charity Alpi, which provides food security and helps women living with HIV/AIDS reintegrate into society, AFP/... Read more »
Ask the Experts
HIV from food which may contain sperm?Can i get HIV from eating food a few hours later that may contain sperm from a takeaway ? I also have an ulcer in my mouth...
Response from Shannon Southall
Rocky Mountain CARESHiNo you cannot. HIV dies almost immediately after leaving the body. so any body fluids that contained HIV that was present on the food would not contain a live form of the virus.Be well and stay safe, Shannon... Read more »
HIV FROM FOODHi terrified i got hiv from contaminated food at fast food.Can food transmit hiv ....
Response from Lisa Hightow-Weidman, M.D., M.P.H.
University of North CarolinaHello thereNo food cannot transmit HIV. No incident of food being contaminated with HIV-infected blood or semen has been reported to CDC. Furthermore, CDC has received no reports of HIV infection resulting from eating food, including condiments.HIV... Read more »
HIV blood in my foodI was ahving dinner with a very recently diagnosed HIV + friend, as he sat down he tore off his fingernail and unknowlingly flicked blood arcoss the table. We patched him up and went back to dinner(within 5 minutes), i noticed after finishing my...
Response from Richard Cordova III
Test Positive Aware NetworkHi there:Thanks for writing in. I would not be concerned. The virus does not live well outside the body. Within a minutes time, the virus would start to die, making in UNABLE to infect you. Furthermore, even if he had stuck his bloody finger in your... Read more »
HIV risk from (possible) blood left on already cooked food "Bloody Brussels"My roommate was cooking dinner the other night when she cut her finger pretty badly. She noticed she had cut herself after seeing a drip of blood on the floor. We found 3 drops of blood when cleaning up, one right next to a pot of sauteed brussels...
Response from Erik Glenn, M.A.
Chicago Black Gay Mens CaucusThanks for the question!There's absolutely <b>no risk for HIV</b> from the incident you describe.I'm glad to hear that you've been combing through our archived questions/answers! The details you're looking for pop up... Read more »
Connect With Others
7/9: Staten Island, NY: A Health Living Luncheon for People Living with HIV and AIDS
Posted by bartlebyA Health Living Luncheon for People Living with HIV and AIDS
Monday, July 9
Noon - 3:00pm
514 Bay Street (Soup Kitchen)
Staten Island, NY
Featuring: Blood Pressure Screening, Mental Health Screening, Nutritional Presentation - Eating the right foods,... Read more »
Food, Nutrition, and HIV Conference 12/6 in Boston
Posted by Anonymous, 2 RepliesFood, Nutrition, and HIV Conference in Boston, on December 6
The Food, Nutrition, and HIV Conference is a day-long event for HIV-positive persons and front-line service providers.
It is organized by the AIDS Action Committee's HIV Health Institute.
Read more »
HIV via infected food!
Posted by Anonymous, 1 ReplyDear Experts,
I have some trouble, I need your help.
Although you establish that HIV could transmit in three ways: Unprotected sexual intercourse, used syringes, and blood transfusion ..But I have one question:
Could HIV transmis via contaminated... Read more »
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The NFC East Leaves A Lot To Be Desired
There was a time when we listened to compact discs, paid less than 2 dollars for a gallon of gas, and when the NFC East rules the NFL landscape. It seemed every Sunday, Pat Summerall and John Madden were calling a titanic, heavyweight battle from a raucous RFK Stadium, The Vet, Giants Stadium, and yes even that library called Texas Stadium. You knew at the end of the day that if you wanted to be somebody in the NFC East, you were going to have to earn it. Fast forward to today, we see Dallas and Philly tied at the top with 2-3 records, the defending NFC East champ Redskins still looking to find their footing at 1-3, and the New York Football Giants sitting in the basement at an unimaginable 0-6 while being the laughing stock of their city much to their good buddies the Jets' delight. Each team has glaring issues but guess what, someone has to win the division and whomever that is, they will get to HOST a 1st round playoff game!! Maybe someone rises from the depths of ugliness and represents this once proud division with some dignity. The Cowboys can score but seem to think that defense is simply an option. The Eagles' Chip Kelly will not be going into Canton despite the opening night performance against Washington. The Redskins are soon or later going to have to take the training wheels off of RGIII 2.0, and the Giants, well I only have some much space to take up. The road to the Super Bowl used to go through the NFC East, now it's just an old dirt road with tumbleweeds rolling around. If only the Panthers could slide over to the East, they could win the division going away……..or not.


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One Hundred
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- Granta - 100
"Winter 2007"--T.p. verso
Editor: William Boyd
Poem / Harold Pinter
On buying a clavichord / James Fenton
My question for myself / Carolin Seeliger and Tobias Wenzel
My question for myself / Zadie Smith
How snow falls / Craig Raine
Something to tell you / Hanif Kureishi
Three character sketches / Mario Vargas Llosa
My question for myself / Jonathan Franzen
From the flood plain / Jamie McKendrick
In-flight entertainment / Helen Simpson
My question for myself / Hans Magnus Enzensberger
Eel tail / Alice Oswald
The serampur scotch / Ian Jack
For you / Ian McEwan
The unknown known / Martin Amis
Turn of the century / Bruce Frankel
Human safari / Lucy Eyre
Highlights / Alan Holinghurst
My question for myself / Isabel Allende
Jewelweed / Ashley Capps
Chickens and eggs / Doris Lessing
My question for myself / Gary Shteyngart
End of the pier show / Michael Hofmann
Greenland / Isabel Hilton
To the city / Tash Aw
My question for myself / Marie NDiaye
The swing / Don Paterson
Heraclitus / Salman Rushdie
The white hole of Bombay / Nicholas Shakespeare
My question for myself / Richard Ford The joy of difficulty / Lavina Greenlaw
Estonia, out in the country / Ingo Schulze
My question for myself / Gao Xingjian
17 Melbourne Road / Oliver Reynolds
Marriage lines / Julian Barnes
May we be forgiven / A.M. Homes
Pie-kah / Helen Oyeyemi
Somewhere the wave / Derek Mahon
From Library Staff
The 100th issue of Granta, guest edited by the acclaimed British novelist William Boyd, features original work by many of the writers who have helped to make it the most widely read literary magazine in the world.
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Break It BanePublished 1 year ago by Justin Vactor
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Thanks for posting this! Would you mind properly crediting this piece – Miguel Camilo at Boss Battle? http://bossbattle.tumblr.com/post/37310480969/break-it-bane


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If you're a current pool owner who tests and treats the water yourself, you're probably aware of the basics of testing chlorine and pH levels. You may have also experienced algae blooms (especially in warm, muggy weather) and needed to shock the pool or use an algaecide.
But upon seeing the title of this article, you may be wondering, what are phosphates?
Phosphates feed algae and promote algae growth; they serve as the main ingredient in fertilizer because they are essentially plant food. So when fertilizer (and/or leaves carrying fertilizer) are blown into the pool, phosphate levels will increase. Phosphates can also be introduced to the pool through human contaminants, rain water, runoff, and even hose water used to fill the pool. Testing and controlling phosphate levels helps to prevent algae outbreaks.
"We recommend checking the phosphate level once a week and more frequently if there are unique environmental or seasonal changes in the area; for example, heavy wind, rain, sand or fire storms, as well as during gardening, growing, and plowing seasons," says Joe Sweazy, Technical Sales and Services Manager for Hach Company/ETS Business Unit, manufacturer of AquaChek®.
AquaChek recently released the new One Minute Phosphate Test, making it easy for pool owners to check phosphate levels. To use, add the powder pillow content to the water sample, shake gently to mix, and compare it to the color chart. The AquaChek One Minute Phosphate Test comes with 20 phosphate powder pillow reagents and a testing vial.
The ideal maximum level for phosphates is 0.1 ppm. If the phosphate level in your pool water is above that level, it is likely to have algae blooms. To treat such algae blooms, you can shock the pool, bringing chlorine level to 10 ppm, and keeping the chlorine at shock level until the algae begins to clear up. Another option is to purchase a phosphate remover and follow the manufacturer's instructions.
Phosphates are similar to nitrates in that they are both plant nutrients and are used in fertilizer. The difference is, nitrates are much worse to have in your pool because the only way to get rid of them is by partially draining the pool. The good news? Phosphate treatment can help control high nitrate nitrogen levels. Thus, keeping phosphate levels in check is critical to the health of your pool water.
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