text:
Tips for single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SPLC) is an emerging technique and gaining increased attention by its superiority in cosmesis. A 1.5-cm vertical transumbilical incision is used for the single port, followed by the glove method. Indications for SPLC are the same as those for standard 4-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy, including patients with morbid obesity, previous upper abdominal surgery, severe acute cholecystitis, or suspected presence of common bile duct stones. Some randomized controlled trials have shown negative results of SPLC regarding operative time, wound-related complications, and postoperative pain. However, our retrospective analysis shows equivalent clinical outcomes among the two approaches in terms of postoperative pain and complications. In this context, SPLC can be a good option for gallbladder pathologies. PMID:24733823
Kameyama, Noriaki; Miyata, Ryohei; Tomita, Masato; Mitsuhashi, Hiroaki; Baba, Shigeaki; Imai, Shunichi
Clinical experience with a simple retraction device in single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Technical description and initial results.
Abstract Background: Performing single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SPLC) is challenging as triangulation is limited and the critical view is difficult to obtain. We present our initial experience using a simple retraction device to reduce these problems. Material and methods: In January 2012 a novel lifter was introduced at our department and subsequently used in SPLC for suspension of the gallbladder. Perioperative data were collected prospectively. In addition, all videos were reviewed to assess any adverse events caused by the lifter. Results: Thirty (20 female and 10 male) patients at a median age of 48.4 years (range: 23-83) were operated using this novel retraction device. Median BMI accounted for 26.0 kg/m(2) (median; range: 14.0-36.9). Retraction of the gallbladder using the lifter was possible in all patients. In four cases (13.3 %) spillage of bile caused by the lifter was recorded. In addition, perforation of the gallbladder was seen once (3.3 %), caused by electrocautery. No inflammation, induration or visible scars were seen in the right upper quadrant at six weeks postoperatively in any patient. Conclusions: Gallbladder retraction in SPLC using this novel device is feasible and safe without leaving any apparent scar. Rate of bile spillage is (at least) comparable to that reported for conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy. PMID:24447107
Dauser, Bernhard; Ghaffari, Shahbaz; Herbst, Friedrich
The Learning Curve With Single-Port Cholecystectomy
Objectives: Single-port surgery is a rapidly advancing technique in laparoscopic surgery. Currently, there is limited evidence on the learning curve and practicality of performing single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods: Single-port cholecystectomy was performed on 20 consecutive patients for biliary dyskinesia, symptomatic cholelithiasis, or acute cholecystitis. The Tri-Port was placed in the umbilicus, and a combination of straight and articulating instruments were utilized. Patient characteristics and outcomes were reviewed, and a comparison was made with the prior 20 consecutive laparoscopic cholecystectomies performed using the 3-port technique. Results: Characteristics were similar in both groups. The 3-port cholecystectomy had a mean time of 65.7 minutes, and patients had an average body mass index of 28.16. The first single-port cholecystectomy took 160 minutes with sequential improvement to the sixth case of 66 minutes with a mean of 68.2 minutes for the last 15 single-port cases. The average patient body mass index was 30.24. No major complications occurred. Conclusion: The largest series to date of single-port cholecystectomy for multiple degrees of biliary disease is presented. This study validates that this technique can be applied effectively and performed in comparable operative times to traditional 3-port cholecystectomy with a learning curve of approximately 5 cases.
Kravetz, Amanda J.; Iddings, Douglas; Basson, Marc D.
Laparoscopy has become the preferred operative treatment for the removal of gallbladders containing symptomatic stones. Both length of stay and total unit cost has declined, through the use of the laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedure. However, the total cost of treating gallstones has increased. Consensus practice guidelines would indicate that there should be no increase in the number of gallbladder surgeries performed,
Richard E. Chard
Single-port laparoscopic appendectomy during pregnancy.
As a result of the increased demand for minimally invasive surgery, single-port laparoscopic surgery performed via a single incision was introduced and has been performed in various fields. Herein, we report our initial experience with single-port laparoscopic appendectomy (SP-LA) using Gelport access for the treatment of acute appendicitis in 2 pregnant women. SP-LA using Gelport access was performed successfully in these pregnant women without prolongation of operation time, and there was no need for ancillary trocar insertions or conversion to conventional laparoscopy. One woman spontaneously delivered at 39 weeks' gestation approximately 20 weeks after the surgery and the other has maintained a healthy pregnancy. SP-LA can be considered a minimally invasive alternative to conventional laparoscopic appendectomy in pregnant women (Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/SLE/A55). PMID:22487646
Koh, A Ra; Lee, Jung Hun; Choi, Joong Sub; Eom, Jeong Min; Hong, Jin Hwa
Single-port Laparoscopic Reversal of Hartmann's Procedure: Technique and Results
In general, reversal of Hartmann's procedure is associated with a high morbidity and therefore leads to a low rate of intestinal restoration. Reversal of Hartmann's procedure has to be seen as a complex abdominal operation with the same possible complications as in other colorectal resections. By using the laparoscopic technique, operative access trauma by laparotomy can be minimized. After introducing single-port access into laparoscopic surgery beginning with cholecystectomies and sigmoid resections, we started with the first single-port laparoscopic reversal of Hartmann's procedure in January 2010. After excision of the colostoma, mobilization, and reponing into the abdominal cavity, the single-port trocar was placed at the stoma incision without any extra scar. We investigated whether the single-port laparoscopic reversal is as safely feasible as the �conventional� laparoscopic procedure. Till December 2010, single-port reversal operation was performed in 8 patients 2�4 months after Hartmann's procedure because of complicated diverticulitis. No conversion to �conventional� laparoscopic or open procedure was necessary in 1 patient one extra 5?mm trocar was used. The average operation time was 74?min. Except for one wound complication, the postoperative course was uncomplicated. The patients were discharged after 4 to 8 postoperative days. Single-port reversal of Hartmann's procedure has showed as a new method for minimizing the access trauma even further than �conventional� laparoscopic surgery.
Carus, Th.; Emmert, A.
Cholecystectomy - Open and Laparoscopic
Cholecystectomy - Open and Laparoscopic Introduction Gallstones are a relatively common condition that causes severe pain in the abdomen. Sometimes, even though ... cystic duct to the common bile duct. Symptoms and their Causes Stones can form in the gallbladder. ...
Transitions in laparoscopic cholecystectomy
��Background: Ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a common practice in the United States, but its development remains\\u000a slow in most other countries. The objective of the current study was to report the impact of ambulatory surgery on the practice\\u000a of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a major teaching hospital since the inception of the service. Methods: The hospital database\\u000a of patients who underwent
H. Lau; D. C. Brooks
Single port laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for ileocolic intussusception.
A 36-year-old male was admitted with right lower abdominal pain and diarrhea for more than 3 mo. Colonoscopy and a barium enema study revealed a submucosal tumor over the cecum, but computed tomography showed an ileal lipoma. There was no definitive diagnosis preoperatively, but ileocolic intussusception was noted during surgery. Single port laparoscopic radical right hemicolectomy was performed because intra-operative reduction failed. The histological diagnosis of the resected tumor was lipoma. Single port laparoscopic surgery has recently been proven to be safe and feasible. There are advantages compared with conventional laparoscopic surgery, such as smaller incision wounds, fewer port site complications, and easier conversion. However, there are some drawbacks which need to be overcome, such as difficulties in triangulation and instrument clashing. If there are no contraindications to laparoscopy, single port laparoscopic surgery can be performed safely and should be considered for diagnosis and treatment of intussusception in adults. Here, we report the first case of ileocolic intussusception successfully treated by single port laparoscopic surgery. PMID:23538552
Chen, Jia-Hui; Wu, Jhe-Syun
Robotic-assisted laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
We report a case of laparoscopic cholecystectomy that was performed using a robotic surgical system. A 70-year-old woman underwent laparoscopic robotic cholecystectomy ZEUS, the robotic system used in our study, has three interactive robotic arms fixed to the side of the operating table. The arms are controlled by the surgeon, who sits at a remote computer console. The surgeon's movements can be scaled down, and tremor is filtered out. The robotic-assisted laparoscopic cholecystectomy was completed in 42 min. The time to set up the robot was 22 mins. All of the surgically reproducible robotic maneuvers were performed without any particular difficulty. The robotic movements were stable, accurate, and reliable, as well as easy to control with precision. Our preliminary experience indicates that robotic laparoscopic cholecystectomy is safe and can be as fast as conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy. However, further clinical applications of robotic surgery are needed to confirm this observation. PMID:11961647
Goh, P M Y; Lomanto, D; So, J B Y
Single incision laparoscopic total gastrectomy and d2 lymph node dissection for gastric cancer using a four-access single port: the first experience.
Single incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) and natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) have been developed to reduce the invasiveness of laparoscopic surgery. SILS has been frequently applied in various clinical settings, such as cholecystectomy, colectomy, and sleeve gastrectomy. So far, there have been four reports on single incision laparoscopic distal gastrectomy and one report on single incision laparoscopic total gastrectomy with D1 lymph node dissection for gastric cancer. In this report, we present our single incision laparoscopic total gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection technique using a four-hole single port (OctoPort) in a patient with gastric cancer. PMID:24062964
Ertem, Metin; Ozveri, Emel; Gok, Hakan; Ozben, Volkan
Single Incision Laparoscopic Total Gastrectomy and D2 Lymph Node Dissection for Gastric Cancer Using a Four-Access Single Port: The First Experience
Single incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) and natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) have been developed to reduce the invasiveness of laparoscopic surgery. SILS has been frequently applied in various clinical settings, such as cholecystectomy, colectomy, and sleeve gastrectomy. So far, there have been four reports on single incision laparoscopic distal gastrectomy and one report on single incision laparoscopic total gastrectomy with D1 lymph node dissection for gastric cancer. In this report, we present our single incision laparoscopic total gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection technique using a four-hole single port (OctoPort) in a patient with gastric cancer.
Ozveri, Emel; Gok, Hakan; Ozben, Volkan
Combined procedures with laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
With advancement in laparoscopic surgery a number of surgical procedures can be performed combined with laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a single surgery. We evaluate the safety & efficacy of such surgeries. A retrospective review of all patients who had undergone combined procedures with laparoscopic cholecystectomy during January 2005 to June 2009 was performed. 3144 laparoscopic cholecystectomies were performed in the period from January 2005 to June 2009. Of these, 401 cases were combined with another procedure. The mean operative time was 80�min (range 50-270�min). The mean hospital stay was 3.2�days (range 1-5�days). The mean no. of days injectable analgesics was required was 2�days (range 1 day-4�days). Combined procedures provide patients with all the benefits of minimal invasive surgery and also give the benefit of single time anaesthesia without adding to post operative morbidity & hospital stay. PMID:21966136
Savita, Ks; Khedkar, Indira; Bhartia, Vishnu K
The feasibility of scarless single-port transumbilical total laparoscopic hysterectomy: initial clinical experience
Objective��The purpose of the present study is to demonstrate the feasibility of single-port transumbilical laparoscopic surgery (SPLS)\\u000a for hysterectomy and elaborate on our experience in order to introduce the single-port approach for gynecologic surgery.\\u000a \\u000a \\u000a \\u000a \\u000a Methods��Between August 2008 and February 2009, 30 patients who initially planned to undergo single-port laparoscopic surgery at Yonsei\\u000a University Health System in Seoul, Korea were enrolled
Yong Wook Jung; Young Tae Kim; Dae Woo Lee; Yu Im Hwang; Eun Ji Nam; Jae Hoon Kim; Sang Wun Kim
Peritoneal gallstones following laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Background: Gallstone spillage during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is a common intraoperative event. Although gallstones left in the peritoneal cavity were initially considered harmless, a significant number of complications have been reported. Our aim was to quantify the likelihood, and to document the range, of subsequent complications. Methods: A Medline search from 1987 to January 2003 was performed. Articles with more
J. C. Woodfield; M. Rodgers; J. A. Windsor
Intraoperative cholangiography for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Intraoperative cholangiography in the course of laparoscopic cholecystectomy is not only valuable to detect common bile duct stones, but also to delineate the anatomy of the biliary ducts, facilitate the dissection, avoid injuries to the biliary tract and identify other abnormalities, such as fistulas, cysts and tumors of the biliary system. Most surgeons use a variation of the transcystic injection of contrast. We describe herein a technique of cholangiography through the gallbladder, performed before starting any dissection in the cystic duct area, which has resulted in a rate of 92 percent of adequate cholangiograms and has proved to be easier, by far, and safer than the transcystic technique. A comparison was made between 405 instances of open cholecystectomies and 200 laparoscopic cholecystectomies with transcystic cholangiograms and 105 laparoscopic cholecystectomies with cholangiograms done through the gallbladder. All instances were done for symptomatic chronic or acute calculous cholecystitis. Satisfactory cholangiograms were obtained in 95 percent of open cholecystectomies and in only 68 percent of transcystic laparoscopic attempts. Complications and false-positive findings were seen in transcystic laparoscopic procedures in five and six instances, respectively. Cholangiography performed through the gallbladder was 100 percent successful among 73 patients with chronic cholecystitis and in 66 percent of 32 patients with acute calculous cholecystitis. For optimal visualization of the bile ducts, it is essential to exert pressure on the gallbladder after the injection of contrast to advance the contrast through the cystic duct. This is greatly facilitated by the use of a double-balloon catheter to avoid leak at the site of the gallbladder puncture. PMID:8480262
Kuster, G G; Gilroy, S; Graefen, M
Laparoscopic vaginal vault closure with conventional straight instruments in single-port access total laparoscopic hysterectomy
Objective Laparoscopic vaginal vault closure with conventional straight instruments is the final barrier to single-port access total laparoscopic hysterectomy (SPA-TLH). The aim of this study is to find out the safer, easier, simpler, faster, and even cheaper way to overcome it. Methods Vaginal vault suturing techniques of 152 consecutive single-port access total laparoscopic hysterectomy cases performed by the author in Gangnam CHA Hospital, CHA University from October 1, 2003 to June 30, 2012, were retrospectively analysed with medical records and DVDs. Results Of 152 patients who were attempted SPA-TLH, 119 patients (78%) were finished their operations without conversion to multi-port laparoscopy or laparotomy. Of women with successful SPA-TLH, 8 cases (7%) were closed their vaginal vaults vaginally (median, 20 minutes; range, 15-44 minutes), and 111 cases (93%) laparoscopically (median, 44 minutes; range, 13-56 minutes). Laparoscopic vault closure techniques were continuous suture (4 cases, 3%; median, 36 minutes; range, 30-45 minutes), interrupted sutures using knot-pusher (7 cases, 6%; median, 52 minutes; range, 48-56 minutes) Endo Stitch suture (2 cases, 2%; median, 32 minutes; range, 13-50 minutes), continuous vault closure using percutaneous sling sutures (PCSS) (92 cases, 77%; median, 40 minutes; range, 19-56 minutes), and continuous vault closure without PCSS (6 cases, 5%; median, 23 minutes; range, 16-31 minutes). Conclusion Laparoscopic vault closure using PCSS in SPA-TLH only with conventional straight instruments is the best way to overcome the barrier and the short-cut to shorten the learning curve to date.
Park, Daehyun; Kim, Juyoung; Jun, Hye Sun; Jeong, Hyangjin
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy after Vertical Banded Gastroplasty.
Following vertical gastroplasty, laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been performed in 27 consecutive patients who developed symptomatic gallstones. Dissection identified structures without difficulty in these patients, and problems were not encountered in these procedures with the laparoscopic technique PMID:10742757
Deitel; Smith; Harmantas
Clipless versus conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Abstract Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been the gold standard technique for cholecystectomy and has proven more effective than the conventional open technique. The laparoscopic technique utilizes surgical clips for cystic duct occlusion, which come with their own set of complications. With the advent of new vessel and duct sealing technology, alternative energy instruments have been explored for the occlusion of the cystic duct without the use of clips. The Harmonic(�) scalpel (Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Cincinnati, OH) has become one of the more widely used instruments. In this retrospective study, 208 patients received surgical clip placement or the Harmonic scalpel was used for cystic duct occlusion. The postoperative complications were documented, and rates were calculated for outpatient follow-up, for re-admission, and specifically for the complications of a bile leak. When adjusted for the cause of bile leak (cystic duct versus common bile duct versus accessory duct), the use of the Harmonic scalpel versus clip placement had comparable rates of bile leak at 1.75% and 0.66%, respectively. The use of the Harmonic scalpel is deemed safe and comparable to clip placement at the discretion of the surgeon for cystic duct ligation. Further research with larger homogeneous studies and assessments of cost-effectiveness would further enhance the increasing use of the Harmonic scalpel in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. PMID:23231472
Wills, Edward; Crawford, George
Granulomatous Peritonitis After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Background: Granulomatous peritonitis may indicate a number of infectious, malignant, and idiopathic inflammatory conditions. It is a very rare postoperative complication, which is thought to reflect a delayed cell-mediated response to cornstarch from surgical glove powder in susceptible individuals. This mechanism, however, is much more likely to occur with open abdominal surgery when compared with the laparoscopic technique. Methods: We report a case of sterile granulomatous peritonitis in an 80-y-old female after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Management was conservative, and no relapse was observed after over 1-y of follow-up. Discussion: We propose that peritoneal exposure to bile acids during the laparoscopic removal of the gallbladder was the trigger of granulomatous peritonitis in this patient. Severe complications, such as peritoneal adhesions, intestinal obstruction, and fistula formation, were observed, but no fatalities were reported. Conclusion: We should be aware of this rare cause of peritonitis in the surgical setting.
Remotti, Daniele; Galluzzo, Michele; Gasbarrone, Laura
Single-Port Access Laparoscopic Hysterectomy: A New Dimension of Minimally Invasive Surgery
The fundamental idea is to have all of the laparoscopic working ports entering the abdominal wall through the same incision. Single-incision laparoscopic surgery is an alternative to conventional multiport laparoscopy. Single-access laparoscopy using a transumbilical port affords maximum cosmetic benefits because the surgical incision is hidden in the umbilicus and reduces morbidity of minimally invasive surgery. The advantages of single-access laparoscopic surgery may include less bleeding, infection, and hernia formation and better cosmetic outcome and less pain. The disadvantages and limitations include longer surgery time, difficulty in learning the technique, and the need for specialized instruments. This review summarizes the history of SPAL hysterectomy (single-port access laparoscopy), and emphasizes nomenclature, surgical technique, instrumentation, and perioperative outcomes. Specific gynecological applications of single-port hysterectomy to date are summarized. Using the PubMed database, the English-language literature was reviewed for the past 40 years. Keyword searches included scarless, scar free, single-port/trocar/incision, single-port access laparoscopic hysterectomy. Within the bibliography of selected references, additional sources were retrieved. The purpose of the present article was to review the development and current status of SPAL hysterectomy and highlight important advances associated with this innovative approach.
Liliana, Mereu; Alessandro, Pontis; Giada, Carri; Luca, Mencaglia
Transumbilical single port laparoscopic appendectomy using basic equipment: a comparison with the three ports method
Purpose Single port laparoscopic surgery is a rapidly evolving laparoscopic surgical approach. We report a comparison of transumbilical single port laparoscopic appendectomy (TUSPLA) and conventional laparoscopic appendectomy (CLA) in a Korean military hospital. Methods This single-center retrospective study of 63 patients who received laparoscopic appendectomy was conducted between May 2011 and October 2011. Nineteen patients received TUSPLA and 44 patients received CLA. Clinical outcomes such as operation time, hospital stay, postoperative pain, diet, and postoperative complication were reviewed. Results There were no statistically significant differences between TUSPLA and CLA patients, respectively, in operation time (58.9 minutes vs. 52.3 minutes, P = 0.262), duration of hospitalization (10.2 days vs. 10.6 days, P = 0.782), mean visual analogue scale score (2.6 vs. 2.5, P = 0.894), and return to diet (1.6 days vs. 1.7 days, P = 0.776). There were two cases (10.5%) of short-term complications in the TUSPLA group and four cases (9.1%) of short-term complications in the CLA group. All patients were fully recovered at discharge. Conclusion TUSPLA is a feasible alternative for CLA. When a glove port is used, no special instruments are needed. Thus, it can be performed in a hospital equipped with basic laparoscopic surgical instruments.
Lee, Jun Suh; Choi, Young Il; Lim, Sung Ho
Gallstone ileus after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Gallstone ileus represents a rare complication (0,3-0,5%) of a serious, but common disease-gallstones, which affect around 10% of the population in the USA and Western Europe. Associated diseases (usually severe), elderly patients, delayed diagnosis and therapy due to late presentation to the hospital, account for the morbidity and mortality rates described in literature. We present the case of a patient with partial colon obstruction due to a large gallstone that was "lost" during an emergency laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The calculus eroded the intestinal wall, partially occluding the lumen, triggering recurrent Kerwsky-like, subocclusive episodes. The intraperitoneal abscess has spontaneously drained through the subhepatic drain and once the tube has been removed, a persistent intermittent fistula became obvious. PMID:23049640
Ivanov, I; Beuran, M; Venter, M D; Iftimie-Nastase, I; Smarandache, R; Popescu, B; Bo?tin?, R
Gallstone ileus after laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Gallstone ileus represents a rare complication (0,3-0,5%) of a serious, but common disease-gallstones, which affect around 10% of the population in the USA and Western Europe. Associated diseases (usually severe), elderly patients, delayed diagnosis and therapy due to late presentation to the hospital, account for the morbidity and mortality rates described in literature. We present the case of a patient with partial colon obstruction due to a large gallstone that was �lost� during an emergency laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The calculus eroded the intestinal wall, partially occluding the lumen, triggering recurrent Kerwsky-like, subocclusive episodes. The intraperitoneal abscess has spontaneously drained through the subhepatic drain and once the tube has been removed, a persistent intermittent fistula became obvious.
Ivanov, I; Beuran, M; Venter, MD; Iftimie-Nastase, I; Smarandache, R; Popescu, B; Bostina, R
Ureteral Obstruction Swine Model through Laparoscopy and Single Port for Training on Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty
This study aims firstly to assess the most adequate surgical approach for the creation of an ureteropelvic juntion obstruction (UPJO) animal model, and secondly to validate this model for laparoscopic pyeloplasty training among urologists. Thirty six Large White pigs (28.29�5.48 Kg) were used. The left ureteropelvic junction was occluded by means of an endoclip. According to the surgical approach for model creation, pigs were randomized into: laparoscopic conventional surgery (LAP) or single port surgery (LSP). Each group was further divided into transperitoneal (+T) or retroperitoneal (+R) approach. Time needed for access, surgical field preparation, wound closure, and total surgical times were registered. Social behavior, tenderness to the touch and wound inflammation were evaluated in the early postoperative period. After ten days, all animals underwent an Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty carried out by 9 urologists, who subsequently assessed the model by means of a subjective validation questionnaire. Total operative time was significantly greater in LSP+R (p=0.001). Tenderness to the touch was significantly increased in both retroperitoneal approaches, (p=0.0001). Surgeons rated the UPJO porcine model for training on laparoscopic pyeloplasty with high or very high scores, all above 4 on a 1-5 point Likert scale. Our UPJO animal model is useful for laparoscopic pyeloplasty training. The model created by retroperitoneal single port approach presented the best score in the subjective evaluation, whereas, as a whole, transabdominal laparoscopic approach was preferred.
Diaz-Guemes Martin-Portugues, Idoia; Hernandez-Hurtado, Laura; Uson-Casaus, Jesus; Sanchez-Hurtado, Miguel Angel; Sanchez-Margallo, Francisco Miguel
Single port laparoscopic appendectomy in children using glove port and conventional rigid instruments
Purpose To further improve the advantages of minimally invasive surgery, single port laparoscopic techniques continue to be developed. We report our initial experience with single port laparoscopic appendectomy (SPLA) in children and compare its outcomes to those of conventional laparoscopic appendectomy (CLA). Methods Clinical data were prospectively collected for SPLA cases performed at Chung-Ang University Hospital by a single surgeon between March 2011 and December 2011, including operative time, perioperative complications, conversion rate, and length of hospital stay. Each case of SPLA was performed using conventional laparoscopic instruments through Glove port placed into the single umbilical incision. To compare outcomes, a retrospective review was performed for those patients who underwent CLA between March 2010 and December 2010. Results Thirty-one patients underwent SPLA and 114 patients underwent CLA. Mean age (10.5 years vs. 11.1 years, P = 0.43), weight (48.2 kg vs. 42.9 kg, P = 0.27), and operation time (41.8 minutes vs. 37.9 minutes, P = 0.190) were comparable between both groups. Mean hospital stay was longer for CLA group (2.6 days vs. 3.7 days, P = 0.013). There was no conversion to conventional laparoscopic surgery in SPLA group. In CLA group, there were nine complications (7.9%) with 3 cases of postoperative ileuses and 6 cases wound problems. There was one complication (3.2%) of umbilical surgical site infection in SPLA group (P = 0.325). Conclusion The results of this study demonstrated that SPLA using conventional laparoscopic instruments is technically feasible and safe in children. SPLA using conventional laparoscopic instruments might be popularized by eliminating the need for specially designed instruments.
Choi, Yoo Shin; Kim, Beom Gyu; Cha, Seong-Jae; Park, Joong-Min; Chang, In Taik
Transumbilical Single Port Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy: A Technical Report on Right and Left Adrenalectomy Using the Glove Port
Recently, single port laparoscopic surgery has been the focus of attention due to the advanced laparoscopic skills accumulated from experience and developments in laparoscopic instruments. Herein, we present two cases of initial single port laparoscopic adrenalectomies. Case 1 was a 38-year-old female patient diagnosed with primary hyperaldosteronism because of a the right adrenal 2.5-cm sized adenoma, and case 2 was a 31-year-old female patient diagnosed with primary adrenal Cushing's syndrome because of a left adrenal 2.9-cm sized adenoma. Both patients successfully underwent single port laparoscopic adrenalectomies via a transumbilical transperitoneal approach. There was no estimated blood loss and the total operating times were 60 and 70 minutes, respectively. Both patients recovered uneventfully. We believe that this technique presented could provide potential benefits (lesser wound pain, better cosmetic satisfaction, and shorter convalescence) if the indications are carefully selected.
Choi, Sung Hoon; Hwang, Ho Kyoung; Kang, Chang Moo
Advanced laparoscopic surgery for colorectal disease: NOTES/NOSE or single port?
Laparoscopic surgery for colorectal disease is an evolving, dynamic subject undergoing constant adaptation. Hence there are significant ongoing advances in technique and technology as has been seen with the emergence of single port and Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic operations with already considerable ramifications for many aspects of minimal access surgery. Most recently single port technologies and expertise have synergized with Transanal Endoscopic (TEM/TEO) experience to allow their convergence out of their respective niches so that pelvic surgery can be laparoendoscopically performed from both its abdominal and perineal aspects. Distinct from wound-related benefits, such capacity for high resolution and multi-dimensional imaging relates significant benefit to the operating team and patient. This state of the art review demonstrates the crucial perspective that advanced practices and performance capabilities are intrinsically complimentary rather than competitive. All surgeons need therefore to participate in adapting their practice styles to allow technical step-advance across the discipline. PMID:24485257
Sehgal, Rishabh; Cahill, Ronan A
Duodenal perforations after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Duodenal perforations after laparoscopic cholecystectomies are rarely reported. The aim of this study is to focus on this complication and to suggest ways to reduce its occurrence and avoid diagnostic mistakes and therapeutical delays that could be fatal. We reviewed four personal cases and a number of others reported in the literature. Duodenal perforations are caused by improper use of the irrigator-aspirator device when retracting the duodenum, or by electrosurgical and laser burns. A duodenal perforation should be suspected in cases of bile leakage, peritonitis, intraabdominal or retroperitoneal collections, high serum or drainage amylase concentration, absence of bile leakage from the biliary tree, and the existence of a retroduodenal mass. Diagnosis requires a gastrografin upper GI series. Differential diagnosis is mainly with biliary lesions and other causes of peritonitis. Relaparoscopy may require intraoperative upper GI endoscopy or Kocher's duodenal mobilization to detect the perforation. Early diagnosis allows primary repair, usually by laparoscopy. Perforations of the duodenal cap are easier to diagnose and have a better prognosis than those of the descending duodenum. A lumbar abscess is a frequent complication. PMID:10227957
Croce, E; Golia, M; Russo, R; Azzola, M; Olmi, S; De Murtas, G
Removal of an Intraperitoneal Foreign Body Using a Single Port Laparoscopic Procedure
Background and Objectives: To remove a foreign body from the peritoneal cavity in laparoscopic surgery, 2 or 3 ports are usually used. We have recently performed such a removal using a single 10-mm transumbilical port, a 0-degree laparoscope, a Farabeuf retractor, and a laparoscopic grasping forceps. Methods: Two patients with ventriculoperitoneal shunt catheter (V-P shunt) were admitted to our unit during the last year. They previously had a shunt catheter implanted for hydrocephalus of unknown cause. The complete migration of the ventriculoperitoneal shunt catheter into the peritoneal cavity was observed in these patients 12 and 7 years after the implantation. The laparoscopic removal of the migrated catheter was decided on. Its presence and location were confirmed by the use of a 0-degree laparoscope, through a 10-mm trocar port. The catheter was held and pulled out using a grasping forceps that was pushed in just beside the trocar port. Conclusion: The laparoscopic approach enables safe removal of a foreign body in the peritoneal cavity. The procedure can be performed using a single port.
Dabija, Marius; Ursulescu, Corina; Andronic, Dan; Vasiluta, Ciprian; Ursaru, Manuela
Single port laparoscopic donor nephrectomy: first case report in Ramathibodi Hospital.
The prevalence of patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) is showing an increasing trend. At the same time, the waiting lists for cadaveric donor kidney transplantation continue to grow. Living donor kidneys may be an alternative for patients to receive kidneys for transplantation. However a wide gap exists between the numbers of living kidney donors and the numbers of recipients on waiting lists. Many considerations are involved in living organ donation, including cosmetic reasons. Laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy has become the technique of choice for kidney transplantation in many centers. The benefits of a laparoscopic technique compared with open surgery include reduced blood loss, less analgesic requirement, a shorter hospital stay, faster return to work, and fewer cosmetic effects. The next step in minimal invasive surgery is laparoendoscopic single port donor nephrectomy Early outcomes show this technique to be safe and cosmetically improved This procedure may be the answer to reduce the gap between numbers of kidney donors and waiting recipients. We report our first experience of single port laparoendoscopic left donor nephrectomy. A 48-year-old healthy Thai man wished to donate his kidney to his 18-year-old son who suffered from IgA nephropathy and ended up with ESRD. The operation took three hours. The estimated blood loss was 50 ml and no blood transfusion was required. The donor was discharged home safely without any complications. PMID:24765906
Attawettayanon, Worapat; Prasit, Sirianan; Sangkum, Premsant; Patcharatrakul, Suthep; Jirasiritham, Sophon; Khongcharoensombat, Wisoot
[Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in gallbladder carcinoma: risk of tumor cell seeding].
The laparoscopic cholecystectomy of gall bladder carcinoma may have unfortunate consequences because of tumor cell dissemination. In this case report a female patient is presented, where histologically a gallbladder carcinoma was surprisingly diagnosed after laparoscopic cholecystectomy because of symptomatic cholecystectomy. 2 weeks after the first operation tumor cell clusters were found in the laparoscopy tracts. PMID:8585349
Hentsch, S; Senkal, M; Ernst, R; Junker, K
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy: an unexpected and delayed complication.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is one of the most commonly performed operations in New Zealand. Unretrieved peritoneal gallstones occur in 2% of people and abscess formation is the most common resulting complication. This is the first time unretrieved peritoneal gallstones have been reported to cause a complex collection involving the pleural space and soft tissues of the back. PMID:23822966
Lilic, Nikola; Cicovic, Sergej
Large postoperative umbilical hernia following laparoscopic cholecystectomy
The authors report a case of large postoperative umbilical hernia following laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which occurred in the early postoperative period despite primary suture of the trocar insertion site. Forced dilation of the fascial layer is proposed as the etiological mechanism. This procedure should be avoided and an accurate and aseptic removal of the gallbladder should be performed in order to
M. De Giuli; V. Festa; G. C. Denoye; M. Morino
Single-port laparoscopic adrenalectomy for a right-sided aldosterone-producing adenoma: a case report
Introduction Single-port laparoscopic adrenalectomy is one of the most interesting surgical advances. Here, we evaluate the safety and feasibility of single-port laparoscopic adrenalectomy as treatment for a right-sided aldosterone-producing adenoma. Case presentation A 39-year-old Japanese woman presented with hypertension and hypokalemia. Abdominal computed tomography and an endocrinological workup revealed a 19mm right adrenal tumor with primary aldosteronism. Our patient was informed of the details of the surgical procedure and our efforts to reduce the number of incisions needed - ideally, to a single incision - when removing her adrenal gland. A single-port laparoscopic adrenalectomy was attempted. A multichannel port was inserted through a 2.5cm umbilical incision. A 5mm flexible laparoscope, articulating laparoscopic dissector and tissue sealing device were the primary tools used in the operation. The right liver lobe was evaluated using a percutaneous instrument, providing good visualization of the operative field surrounding her right adrenal gland. The single-port laparoscopic adrenalectomy was successfully completed without any intraoperative complications. The operating time was 76 minutes, and her blood loss was 5mL. Oral intake was resumed on the first postoperative day, and the length of her hospital stay was three days. Her postoperative course was uneventful with no morbidity within one month of follow-up, and our patient had excellent cosmetic results. Conclusions Single-port laparoscopic adrenalectomy is a safe and feasible procedure for patients with a right-sided adrenal tumor when performed by a surgeon experienced in laparoscopic and adrenal surgery. However, more surgical experience using this technique is required to confirm our initial impressions.
[Lessons on laparoscopic cholecystectomy (summary of the experience].
The experience of laparoscopic cholecystectomy conduction in 6524 patients with nontumoral diseases of gallbladder (chronic calculous cholecystitis, an acute calculous cholecystitis, chronic noncalculous cholecystitis, the gallbladder polyposis) was summarized. While comparing the initial seizing experience in laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the clinic the tendency was noted, trusting the skills improvement in management of laparoscopic technique, permitting to reduce the contraindications quantity for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Several principles were elaborated, which is necessary to follow doing laparoscopic cholecystectomy for improvement of results of treatment in patients and for complications reduction. PMID:11833330
Nichita?lo, M E; Diachenko, V V; Litvinenko, A N; Ogorodnik, P V; Skums, A V; Kondratiuk, A P; Beliaev, V V; Gul'ko, O N
Technical approaches to single port/incision laparoscopic appendicectomy: a literature review
INTRODUCTION Single port/incision laparoscopic surgery (SPILS) is a modern advancement toward stealth surgery. Despite the paucity of high-quality scientific studies assessing its effectiveness, this procedure is being used increasingly. This review aims to describe commonly used techniques for SPILS appendicectomies (SPILA), to summarise complication rates in the literature and to provide discussion on indications and implementation. METHODS All available databases including the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE� and Embase� were searched in February 2011 and cross-referenced for available English literature describing SPILA in patients of any age. RESULTS Three broad technical approaches are described: procedures using laparoscopic instruments through a single skin incision in the abdominal wall, regardless of the number of fascial incisions, with or without the additional use of percutaneous sutures or wires to �assist� the operation, and hybrid procedures, in which the appendix is exteriorised using a single incision laparoscopically assisted operation but subsequently divided using a conventional �open� appendicectomy technique. Complication rates seem to be highest in SPILA procedures unassisted by sutures or wires. CONCLUSIONS Future research assessing the efficacy of single incision laparoscopic procedures should consider variation in technique as a possible factor affecting outcome.
Rehman, H; Ahmed, I
Single-port laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery in Korea: retrospective analysis of the multicenter, pooled database.
Abstract Introduction: Single-port laparoscopic surgery (SPLS), one of the advanced techniques of laparoscopic surgery, is performed through a single multichannel port. Regarding colorectal surgery, several colorectal procedures, including right colectomy, sigmoidectomy, and total proctocelectomy with ileal pouch anal anastomosis, have been performed successfully. The aim of this study was to elucidate the feasibility and safety of SPLS for the treatment of the patient with colorectal cancer in Korea. Subjects and Methods: Data were collected retrospectively from six hospitals through a Web-based case reporting form, which requested baseline characteristics of the patient, intraoperative findings, postoperative course, pathologic results of the tumor, and postoperative surveillance. Results: From May 2009 to June 2012, 257 patients were included in this study. Anterior resection was performed in 117 patients, low anterior resection in 66 patients, and right colectomy in 53 patients. The primary entry incision site was umbilicus in all patients except for 2 cases; in these, stoma sites were used for the entry of the single port. The total mean incision length was 3.8�2.3?cm. Among 257 initially SPLS-attempted patients, 45 (17.5%) patients needed additional ports (one additional port in 44 patients), and 2 patients (0.78%) had to be converted to open laparotomy. Intraoperative complications were noted in 5 patients, including anastomotic failures in 3 patients and bleeding in 1 patient. Postoperative complications were noted in 34 patients (13.2%). Anastomotic leak developed in 11 patients, urinary retention in 5 patients, and wound complications in 4 patients. Re-admission was needed in 15 patients (5.8%). Conclusions: SPLS could be performed safely and appropriately in selected colorectal cancer cases by experts in laparoscopic colorectal surgery in Korea. Prospective randomized trials to demonstrate the benefit and effectiveness of SPLS in colorectal cancer surgery with long-term oncologic results are needed. PMID:24818648
Kim, Hyung Jin; Kang, Byung Mo; Lee, Suk-Hwan; Lee, Sang Chul; Lee, Kil Yeon; Park, Sun Jin; Lim, Sang Woo; Kim, Jun-Gi
The comparison of single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy and three port laparoscopic cholecystectomy: prospective randomized study
Purpose Laparoscopic techniques have allowed surgeons to perform complicated intra-abdominal surgery with minimal trauma. Single incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) was developed with the aim of reducing the invasiveness of conventional laparoscopy. In this study we aimed to compare results of SILS cholecystectomy and three port conventional laparoscopic (TPCL) cholecystectomy prospectively. Methods In this prospective study, 100 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallbladder disease were randomly allocated to SILS cholecystectomy (group 1) or TPCL cholecystectomy (group 2). Demographics, pathologic diagnosis, operating time, blood loss, length of hospital stay, complications, pain score, conversion rate, and satisfaction of cosmetic outcome were recorded. Results Forty-four SILS cholesystectomies (88%) and 42 TPCL cholecystectomies (84%) were completed successfully. Conversion to open surgery was required for 4 cases in group 1 and 6 cases in group 2. Operating time was significantly longer in group 1 compared with group 2 (73 minutes vs. 48 minutes; P < 0.05). Higher pain scores were observed in group 1 versus group 2 in postoperative day 1 (P < 0.05). There was higher cosmetic satisfaction in group 1 (P < 0.05). Conclusion SILS cholecystectomy performed by experienced surgeons is at least as successful, feasible, effective and safe as a TPCL cholecystectomy. Surgeons performing SILS should have a firm foundation of advanced minimal access surgical skills and a cautious, gradated approach to attempt the various procedures. Prospective randomized studies comparing single access versus conventional multiport laparoscopic cholecystectomy, with large volumes and long-term follow-up, are needed to confirm our initial experience. (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01772745.)
Barbaros, Umut; Kapakli, Mahmut Sertan; Manukyan, Manuk Norayk; Simsek, Selcuk; Kebudi, Abut; Mercan, Selcuk
Prospective Observational Study of Single-Site Multiport Per-umbilical Laparoscopic Endosurgery versus Conventional Multiport Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Critical Appraisal of a Unique Umbilical Approach
Purpose. This prospective observational study compares an innovative approach of Single-Site Multi-Port Per-umbilical Laparoscopic Endo-surgery (SSMPPLE) cholecystectomy with the gold standard�Conventional Multi-port Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (CMLC)�to assess the feasibility and efficacy of the former. Methods. In all, 646 patients were studied. SSMPPLE cholecystectomy utilized three ports inserted through three independent mini-incisions at the umbilicus. Only the day-to-day rigid laparoscopic instruments were used in all cases. The SSMPPLE cholecystectomy group had 320 patients and the CMLC group had 326 patients. The outcomes were statistically compared. Results. SSMPPLE cholecystectomy had average operative time of 43.8?min and blood loss of 9.4?mL. Their duration of hospitalization was 1.3 days (range, 1�5). Six patients (1.9%) of this group were converted to CMLC. Eleven patients had controlled gallbladder perforations at dissection. The Visual Analogue Scores for pain on postoperative days 0 and 7, the operative time, and the scar grades were significantly better for SSMPPLE than CMLC. However, umbilical sepsis and seroma outcomes were similar. We had no bile-duct injuries or port-site hernias in this study. Conclusion. SSMPPLE cholecystectomy approach complies with the principles of laparoscopic triangulation; it seems feasible and safe method of minimally invasive cholecystectomy. Overall, it has a potential to emerge as an economically viable alternative to single-port surgery.
Jategaonkar, Priyadarshan Anand; Yadav, Sudeep Pradeep
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy with an ultrasound surgical aspirator.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy using an ultrasound surgical aspirator has been performed in our department since March 1991. The horn cover was altered in order to be inserted through a trocar 10 mm in diameter. The main purpose of this device is to explore Calot's triangle by fragmentation and aspiration of the fatty tissue without damaging the nerves, vessels, and cystic duct. First the serosa of the Calot's triangle is cut via electrocautery with the sharp-angle hook dissector we designed. Then the cystic duct and cystic artery are efficiently exposed by the ultrasound surgical aspirator. This procedure is perfectly adapted for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. We obtained favorable results with the ultrasound surgical aspirator in 135 cases including 40 cases with a negative gallbladder, as evaluated by endoscopic retrograde cholangiography. In conclusion, the ultrasound surgical aspirator is suitable for skeletonizing the cystic duct and cystic artery, and the procedure is perfectly safe. PMID:7725224
Murai, R; Ando, H; Hirohara, S; Okui, S; Kusuyama, A; Sasaki, T; Watanabe, N; Sasaya, K; Komuro, K; Itsubo, K
Consequences of spilt gallstones during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
To document the incidence of spilt gallstones during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the cause and consequences of such spillage. The study included 150 consecutive laparoscopic cholecystectomies performed between October 2007 and November 2008. Data was collected in a prospective manner in accordance to proforma. Follow up were performed at the end of 1�week, 1�month, 6�months and 1�year. The spillage of gall stones during surgery occurred in 19.04�% of the cases. Majority of the spillage occurred due to perforation of the gall bladder during dissection, followed by application of toothed grasper. Although all visible spilt stones were retrieved during surgery, complication rate of 0.66�% was observed. The incidence and complications secondary to the spillage of gall stones during standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy is low but avoidable. Various complications can occur, over a large period of time. Thus it is advisable to retrieve as many gallstones as possible short of converting to a laparotomy Dasari and Loan (JSLS 13(1):73-76, 2009), Daradkeh and Suwan (World J Surg 22:75-77, 1998). PMID:24891771
Virupaksha, Suvi
A New Modified Layout for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Objective: The aim of this study is to present an economic and convenient modification of the layout for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, utilizing a three-port technique. Methods: The surgeon stands on the left side of the patient, while the assistant stands between the patient's legs. The scrub nurse stands on the right side of the patient facing the surgeon. The assistant also operates the camera. Only three ports are used. This technique was used in 119 consecutive patients over a 24-month period. Endoscopic retrograde chlolangiopancreotography (ERCP) was done preoperatively in patients suspected to have choledocholithiasis. Results: Sixteen patients had ERCP done preoperatively and in 12 of them sphincterotomy and stone removal was carried out. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was successfully completed in 115 patients. The mean operative time was 35 minutes. Four cases were converted (3.6%), one due to bile duct injury, two others due to extensive adhesions, and a fourth due to cholecystoduodenal fistula. The total morbidity rate was 4.2%. The mean hospital stay was 1.8 days. Conclusions: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be safely and conveniently done using only three ports in the modified position described. You need only one assistant, only one monitor and one less trocar. There is no prolongation of the operative time and the results are comparable to the classic four-trocar technique.
Laparoscopic ovariectomy in dogs using a single-port multiple-access device.
The aim of this case series was to describe a novel technique of single-incision laparoscopic ovariectomy in dogs using the SILS Port (Covidien), a single-port multiple-access device, in 40 client-owned dogs. A single 3 cm incision was made caudal to the umbilicus and the SILS Port device was bluntly introduced. Three cannulae were inserted in the SILS Port through the access channels. In the first 20 cases, a transabdominal suspension suture was used to transfix the ovaries. In all cases, ovariectomy was performed using a standard straight non-roticulated laparoscopic grasper and a vessel sealer/divider device. Mean (sd) duration of the ovarian resection was 25.1 (6.1) minutes (range 16 to 39 minutes). In five dogs (with transabdominal suspension suture), minor bleeding in the mesovarium or in the spleen was observed. Since the SILS Port allows simultaneous use of two instruments and a telescope through a single incision, the suspension suture is not mandatory. The lack of a transabdominal suspension suture increased collision between instruments and the telescope, but triangulation capabilities remained sufficient to achieve visualisation, sufficient manoeuvrability and safe vessel sealer/divider device application. The time to perform ovarian resection remained unaltered with or without suspension suture and regardless of the fat score of the ovarian ligament. Complications were less frequent without a suspension suture. PMID:22706035
Manassero, M; Leperlier, D; Vallefuoco, R; Viateau, V
[Spirometric evaluation of external respiration function in laparoscopic and mini-laparotomy cholecystectomy].
Spirometric parameters are studied in 54 patients subjected to laparoscopic cholecystectomy and cholecystectomy through a mini-laparotomy approach. The restrictive and obstructive disorders in the external respiratory function after minilaparotomy cholecystectomy are less expressed than after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Thorough examination of the external respiratory function is recommended when defining the indications for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. PMID:10458030
Timerbulatov, V M; Galeev, F S; Bazykina, Kh N; Garipov, R M
[Simultaneous operations during laparoscopic cholecystectomy].
Simultant laparoscopic operations were performed in 1993-2003 yrs period in 321 patients, including 287--using laparoscopic and 34--the combined (laparoscopic and open) access. Concurrent diseases were diagnosed preoperatively in 219 (68.2%) of patients and were disclosed while doing intraoperative revision--in 102 (31.8%). The simultant operations performance, as a rule, enhanced mildly the total duration of a basic stage, did not influence the duration of postoperative period and the patients rehabilitation essentially, as well as for frequency of the intra--and postoperative complications occurrence. The authors consider that it is expedient to perform laparoscopic intervention simultaneously for concurrent surgical diseases of abdominal cavity. PMID:15124463
Nichita?lo, M E; Skums, V V; Diachenko, A N; Litvinenko, A N; Ogorodnik, P V; Galochka, I P; Kondratiuk, A P; Litvin, A I; Petrenko, K N; Rudyk, A D
Transanal single-port laparoscopic total mesorectal excision in the treatment of rectal cancer.
Our objective was to report of our first experience with transanal total mesorectal excision (TME) of rectal cancer using single-port equipment, a pure natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) procedure, and to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the technique. A patient with rectal cancer was selected according to preoperative evaluation criteria. Purse-string sutures were placed into the rectum distal to the tumor using the procedure of prolapse and hemorrhoids (PPH) anoscope. A full-thickness incision of the rectal wall was made circumferentially below the purse string and a three-channel cannula was inserted. The artificial orifice was insufflated. The entire mesorectum was dissected upward according to the principles of TME. Pneumoperitoneum was created by opening the rectouterine pouch. The sigmoid colon and its mesentery were dissected, and the inferior mesenteric vessels were ligated and divided. After dissection of a sufficient length of sigmoid colon, the PPH anoscope and the three-channel cannula were removed. The rectum and sigmoid colon were brought out through the anus. The tumor was resected. After removal of the specimens, a stapled end-to-end anastomosis was fashioned between the rectum and the sigmoid colon. Operative time was 300�min. The mesorectum was completely removed with negative distal and circumferential margin. The final pathological stage was pT3N1M0, with one positive lymph node (1/12). The patient recovered uneventfully after surgery. Pure-NOTES performed as transanal single-port laparoscopic TME for rectal cancer appears to be feasible and safe. PMID:22936590
Zhang, H; Zhang, Y-S; Jin, X-W; Li, M-Z; Fan, J-S; Yang, Z-H
Management of Descending Duodenal Injuries Secondary to Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Aim: To report our experience of managing patients affected by descending duodenal injuries secondary to laparoscopic cholecystectomy and to review the literature. Methods: Analysis of 5 cases of descending duodenal injury as a consequence of laparoscopic cholecystectomy managed between June 1992 and September 2006. Results: The median age was 59 (range 49�67) years.In all cases an emergency laparotomy showed an
Mario Testini; Giuseppe Piccinni; Germana Lissidini; Beatrice Di Venere; Angela Gurrado; Elisabetta Poli; Nicola Brienza; Antonio Biondi; Luigi Greco; Michele Nacchiero
Transumbilical Totally Laparoscopic Single-Port Nissen Fundoplication: A New Method of Liver Retraction: The Istanbul Technique
Introduction Mustafa Kemal Atat�rk, founder of the Turkish Republic, had guarded many German scientists of a Jewish descent before the Second World War. Dr. Rudolf Nissen was one of the outstanding surgeons who had served in the Turkish university hospitals. He had created an antireflux procedure which is named after his own name while he was working in our clinic, the Cerrahpa?a Hospital. From a laparoscopic approach, the Nissen fundoplication was the gold standard intervention for the surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Currently, video laparoscopic surgery is evolving quickly with the guidance of new technology. Single-port (SP) laparoscopic transumbilical surgery is one of the newest branches of advanced laparoscopy. Discussion Simple or complex manipulations may be performed with SP laparoscopic transumbilical surgery. The advantages, which are gained from conventional laparoscopy, can be invigorated by an SP laparoscopic approach. The retraction technique of the liver and the optical system were the most important factors, which made the Nissen fundoplication possible via single port. Here, we report that totally laparoscopic transumbilical SP Nissen fundoplication procedure was performed in three patients for sliding hiatal hernia with GERD. Conclusion Totally laparoscopic transumbilical SP Nissen fundoplication is a safe and feasible technique for the surgical treatment of GERD. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11605-010-1183-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Karahasanoglu, Tayfun; Aytac, Erman; Karatas, Adem; Baca, Bilgi
Postoperative Delayed Duodenum Perforation following Elective Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Background. Duodenum injury is extremely rare complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy with potentially fatal consequences. Methods. Over the past 13-year period, 3000 laparoscopic cholecystectomies were performed in our institution. Duodenum injury only occurred in one patient recently who had undergone gastrectomy owing to duodenal diverticulum. The diagnosis and management of this rare complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy are described, and the literature is reviewed. Results. We present this case of duodenum injury on the fourth postoperative day after selective laparoscopic cholecystectomy was treated successfully by percutaneous needle aspiration and catheter drainage. The hospital stay was 26 days. No abscess recurred during the follow-up period. Conclusion. Duodenum injuries are extremely rare complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy with potentially fatal consequences if not promptly recognized and treated. Sonographically guided percutaneous needle aspiration and catheter drainage can be used to treat the intraperitoneal abscess. Billroth II subtotal gastrectomy and gastrojejunostomy were beneficial for the treatment.
Jing, Kong; Shuo-Dong, Wu
Laparoscopic management of post-cholecystectomy sectoral artery pseudoaneurysm.
Vascular injuries during laparoscopic cholecystectomy can occur similar to biliary injuries and mostly represented by intraoperative bleeding. Hepatic artery system pseudoaneurysm are rare. It occurs in the early or late postoperative course. Patients present with pallor, signs of haemobillia and altered liver function. We report a case of right posterior sectoral artery pseudoaneurysm detected 2 weeks after laparoscopic cholecystectomy and successfully repaired laparoscopically. We also describe how laparoscopic pringle clamping saved the conversion. The actively bleeding right posterior sectoral artery pseudoaneurysm was diagnosed by CT angiogram. Embolisation, usually the treatment of choice, would have risked liver insufficiency as hepatic artery proper was at risk because the origin the bleeding artery was just after its bifurcation. Isolated right hepatic artery embolisation can also cause hepatic insufficiency. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of laparoscopic repair of post-laparoscopic cholecystectomy bleeding sectoral artery pseudoaneurysm. PMID:24501508
Panda, Nilanjan; Narasimhan, Mohan; Gunaraj, Alwin; Ardhanari, Ramesh
Single-Port Transumbilical Laparoscopic Appendectomy: A Preliminary Multicentric Comparative Study in 87 Patients with Acute Appendicitis
Introduction. Laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) has been performed in many approaches such as open, laparoscopic and recently Single Port Access (SPAA). In order to elucidate its potential advantages, we compared the two laparoscopic approaches. Methods. 87 patients were included in a multicentric study for suspected appendicitis in order to perform (SPAA) appendectomy or laparoscopic appendectomy (LA). All outcomes, including blood loss, operative time, complications, and length of stay and pain were recorded prospectively. Results. There were 46 patients in the SPAA group and 41 in the LAG with a mean operative time of 40,4 minutes in the SPAA group and 35,0 minutes in the LA group. Only one patient was converted to an open approach. We described only 2 complications. Pain was graded 2,8 in the SPAA group and 2,9 in the LA group, according to the AVS after 24 hours. Patients in the SPAA Group were more satisfied (7,5 versus 6,9) (P < 0.05). Same results were found for the cosmetic result (8,6 versus 7,4) (P < 0.05). Conclusion. Using the single port approach feasible and safe. The true benefit of the technique should be assessed by new randomised controlled trials.
Vilallonga, Ramon; Barbaros, Umut; Nada, Ahmed; Sumer, Aziz; Demirel, Tugrul; Fort, Jose Manuel; Gonzalez, Oscar; Armengol, Manuel
Choledochoduodenal fistula caused by migration of endoclip after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
The wide use of surgical endoclips in laparoscopic surgery has led to a variety of complications. Post-cholecystectomy endoclips migrating into the common bile duct after laparoscopic cholecystectomy is rare. A migrated endoclip can cause obstruction, serve as a nidus for stone formation, and cause cholangitis. While the exact pathogenesis is still unknown, it is probably related to improper clip application, subclinical bile leak, inflammation, and subsequent necrosis, allowing the clips to erode directly into the common bile duct. We present a case of endoclip migrating into the common bile duct and duodenum, resulting in choledochoduodenal fistula after laparoscopic cholecystectomy and a successful reconstruction of the biliary tract by a hepaticojejunostomy with a Roux-en-Y procedure. This case shows that surgical endoclips can penetrate into the intact bile duct wall through serial maceration, and it is believed that careful application of clips may be the only way to prevent their migration after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. PMID:24782639
Hong, Tao; Xu, Xie-Qun; He, Xiao-Dong; Qu, Qiang; Li, Bing-Lu; Zheng, Chao-Ji
Choledochoduodenal fistula caused by migration of endoclip after laparoscopic cholecystectomy
The wide use of surgical endoclips in laparoscopic surgery has led to a variety of complications. Post-cholecystectomy endoclips migrating into the common bile duct after laparoscopic cholecystectomy is rare. A migrated endoclip can cause obstruction, serve as a nidus for stone formation, and cause cholangitis. While the exact pathogenesis is still unknown, it is probably related to improper clip application, subclinical bile leak, inflammation, and subsequent necrosis, allowing the clips to erode directly into the common bile duct. We present a case of endoclip migrating into the common bile duct and duodenum, resulting in choledochoduodenal fistula after laparoscopic cholecystectomy and a successful reconstruction of the biliary tract by a hepaticojejunostomy with a Roux-en-Y procedure. This case shows that surgical endoclips can penetrate into the intact bile duct wall through serial maceration, and it is believed that careful application of clips may be the only way to prevent their migration after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Hong, Tao; Xu, Xie-Qun; He, Xiao-Dong; Qu, Qiang; Li, Bing-Lu; Zheng, Chao-Ji
Is Routine Cholecystectomy Required During Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass?
Background: Routine cholecystectomy is often performed at the time of gastric bypass for morbid obesity.The aim of this study\\u000a was to determine the incidence of gallstone formation requiring cholecystectomy following a laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric\\u000a bypass (LRYGBP). Methods: 289 LRYGBP were performed between November 1999 and May 2002. 60 patients (21%) who had prior cholecystectomy\\u000a were excluded. If gallstones were identified
Leonardo Villegas; Benjamin Schneider; David Provost; Craig Chang; Daniel Scott; Thomas Sims; Lois Hill; Linda Hynan; Daniel Jones
Is Routine Cholecystectomy Required During Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass?
Background: Routine cholecystectomy is often performed at the time of gastric bypass for morbid obesity. The aim of our study\\u000a was to determine the incidence of gallstone formation requiring cholecystectomy following a laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric\\u000a bypass (LRYGBP). Methods: 289 LRYGBP were performed between November 1999 and May 2002. 60 patients (21%) who had prior cholecystectomy\\u000a were excluded. If gallstones were
Leonardo Villegas; Benjamin Schneider; David Provost; Craig Chang; Daniel Scott; Thomas Sims; Lois Hill; Linda Hynan; Daniel Jones
Large Subcapsular Liver Hematoma Following Single-Incision Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Background and Objectives: Many laparoscopic surgeons are now transitioning from standard multiple-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy to single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) in an attempt to improve cosmetic outcomes and decrease postoperative morbidity. However, little has been published regarding the potential complications of SILS operations. Methods: We report the case of a patient undergoing SILS cholecystectomy who developed the complication of a large hepatic hematoma, resulting in significant postoperative morbidity, blood transfusion requirement, and reoperation. Results: After an in-depth internal review of the postoperative morbidity of this case, it appears that the causative factor may be instrument shaft torque on the liver surface. Conclusion: Single-incision laparoscopic surgery may pose significant and unique risks that warrant additional operative caution. Quantitative comparison of SILS to the gold-standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy is needed to further elucidate definitive benefits and complications of this novel technique.
Hansen, Adam J.; Augenstein, Julie
Two Case Reports of Biliary Tract Injuries during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Background and Study Aims. Biliary tract injuries (BTI) represent the most serious and potentially life-threatening complication of cholecystectomy occurring also during laparoscopic approaches. Patients and Methods. We describe and discuss two different cases of BTI occurring during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Results. Two patients developed BTI during LC and one evidenced the complication during the LC itself and was treated during the same LC in real time. The other patient evidenced BTI only after the primary intervention and was successfully reoperated in laparotomy after 10 days from the LC. Conclusions. The factors that predispose to the occurrence of BTI during cholecystectomy and the cautions to be used to prevent BTI are discussed.
Romano, O.; Romano, C.; Cerbone, D.; Sperlongano, P.; Caserta, L.; Frega, N.; Cimmino, G.; D'Agostino, A.; Addeo, R.
Single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy using Konyang Standard Method
Purpose Single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) is a minimally invasive surgery that is growing rapidly among surgical procedures. However, there is no standard method for SILC. Therefore, we evaluated the adequacy and feasibility of SILC using Konyang Standard Method. Methods We retrospectively reviewed our series of 307 SILCs performed between April 2010 and August 2012. Initially we excluded the patients who were more than 70 years old, had cardiologic or pulmonologic problems and complications of acute cholecystitis. After 50 cases, we did not apply the exclusion criteria. We performed SILC by Konyang Standard Method using three-trocar single port (hand-made) and long articulated instruments. Results Three hundred and seven patients underwent SILC. Male were 131 patients and female were 176 patients. Mean age was 51.6 � 13.7 years old and mean body mass index was 24.8 � 3.6 kg/m2. Ninety-three patients had histories of previous abdominal operation. Patient's pathologies included: chronic cholecystitis (247 cases), acute cholecystitis (30 cases), gall bladder (GB) polyps (24 cases), and GB empyema (6 cases). Mean operating time was 53.1 � 25.4 minutes and mean hospital stay was 2.9 � 3.4 days. There were four cases of 3-4 ports conversion due to cystic artery bleeding. Complications occurred in 5 cases including wound infection (2 cases), bile duct injury (1 case), duodenal perforation (1 case), and umbilical hernia (1 case). Conclusion SILC using Konyang Standard Method is safe and feasible. Therefore, our standard procedure can be applied to almost all benign GB disease.
Son, Jong Il; Moon, Ju Ik; Ra, Yu Mi; Lee, Sang Eok; Choi, Won Jun; Yoon, Dae Sung
[Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis: predictors of conversion to open cholecystectomy and preliminar results].
Inspite of increased technical difficulties and high incidence of conversion to open procedures and complications, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a well established treatment for acute cholecystitis. In this study we reported our results in patients with acute cholecystitis undergoing laparoscopic cholecystecomy from 1998 to 2003. We found out that laparoscopic cholecystectomy was safe and was carried out with acceptable conversion rate and low morbidity. Predictors of complications were delay of surgery more than 48 hours following the onset of symptoms, leucocytosis > 15.000 U/microl and gallbladder wall ultrasonography thickness > 7mm. PMID:15224662
Bove, A; Bongarzoni, G; Serafini, F M; Bonomo, L; Dragani, G; Palone, F; Scotti, U; Corbellini, L
Single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a systematic review
Background��Laparoscopic techniques induced a tremendous revolution in surgery of the biliary tract, mainly due to improved results compared\\u000a with the open approach and secondary because of their cosmetic advantage. A trend toward even more minimally invasive approaches\\u000a has led to techniques of single-incision and natural orifice laparoscopic surgery. Because the evaluation of single-incision\\u000a laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) is rather fragmentary by
Stavros A. Antoniou; Rudolph Pointner; Frank A. Granderath
An Audit of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Renal Transplant Patients
Background: Choleliathisis, in patients with renal transplantation, carries high risk of complications. We, at our institute, perform prophylactic cholecystectomy for aymptomatic gallstones in patients with renal transplantation. Aim: To present our experience of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with kidney transplantation. Subjects and Methods: Data, in the form of, demographics, medications used, indication of transplantation, manifestation of gallstones, operative findings, duration of hospitalization, and post-operative complications were obtained and results were analyzed. briefly summarize details of statistics including the soft ware used. Results: Twenty patients have undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy. All patients were admitted on the day of surgery. Immunosuppression regimen was not modified during hospitalization. Indications of cholecystectomy were biliary colic (8/20 patients, 40%), acute cholecystitis (8/20 patients, 40%), asymptomatic gallstones (3/20 patients, 15%), and obstructive jaundice (1/20 patients, 5%). Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was uneventful in all cases. Post-operative complications were nausea and vomiting in two patients and port site infection in one patient. Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, when performed in renal transplant patients, is a safe procedure.
Sutariya, VK; Tank, AH
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy: technique, safety, and results
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is a minimally invasive method of removing the diseased gallbladder. It was introduced into Lithuania in December 1992 and has gained wide acceptance. While LC offers many advantages over the conventional laparotomy procedure one of its drawbacks is delayed biliary complications. Those complications may be avoided with appropriate precautions. The aim of this research is to maximize the safety of LC. The potential way to solve this problem is to minimize the possible heat damage and electrical injury remote from the site of surgery during dissection of the cystic duct, cystic artery, and the gallbladder. Neodymium:YAG laser applications with endoscopic fiber have been investigated. The possibilities to use it as a scalpel and as coagulator to release the gallbladder from all its peritoneal attachments during LC have been investigated. The controversy over optimal sources for thermal dissection of the gallbladder has been performed. The potential benefits of Nd:YAG laser in surgery -- precise cutting, limited collateral tissue damage, and improved capillary and arteriole hemostasis -- have been found.
Simutis, Gintaras; Bubnys, A.; Vaitkuviene, Aurelija
Experience with three-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
After considerable experience with laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) using four ports, we began using three-port LC in October 1993 and have performed 130 LCs with this procedure up to May 1996. The procedure was successful in 119 patients. In 6 patients fourth port was used, and in another 5, the procedure was converted to open laparo-tomy. Cooperative manipulation of the surgical instruments between the operator and assistant is very important for this procedure, for exposing Calot's triangle and dissecting the gallbladder from the gallbladder bed. The use of an ultrasonic aspiration system (Sumisonic ME 2400; Sumitomo Bakelite, Tokyo, Japan) made it easier to identify the cystic duct and artery, especially in patients with chronic inflammation or dense adhesions. We encountered no problems with cannulation into the cystic duct for intraoperative cholangiography, and there were no intra- and postoperative complications in this series. We achieved good results, similar to those achieved with the four-port technique. This technique is technically feasible and safe, and it has esthetic and cost advantages compared with the four-port technique. However, the operator who performs three-port LC should not hesitate to add another port, or to convert to open laparotomy, whenever any difficulties occur during this procedure, to prevent critical complications. PMID:9880780
Tagaya, N; Kita, J; Takagi, K; Imada, T; Ishikawa, K; Kogure, H; Ohyama, O
Unusual consequences of 'incomplete' laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
In recent years, laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has become the standard surgical practice for the treatment of cholecystolithiasis. As a recognized technical difficulty, it may be associated with the mechanical injury of the gallbladder and/or spilling some of the gallstones into the abdominal cavity. The actual incidence of the latter complication is ~10%. The removal of lost stones from the abdominal cavity is rather elaborate if not infeasible. There is little information about the behaviour of retained gallstones in the free abdominal cavity. Publications report on subsequent intraperitoneal abscesses and fistulas or on the extreme localization of the impacted gallstones. This paper presents two cases with late complications of the abandoned gallstones or gallbladder. Case 1: A 56-year-old female patient underwent an LC 7 years ago. She was recently admitted with a chronic septic condition and suspected autoimmune disease. Preoperative examinations indicated hepatic abscess. Surgery showed gallstones impacted in the gallbladder bed. Case 2: A 59-year-old male patient underwent an LC a year before his admission. His operation was followed by the development of a septic condition and a subphrenic abscess was identified. During his reoperation, a remnant gallbladder containing bile stones was found and removed. Special attention should be paid to careful revision of residual stones during LC. PMID:24129251
Szij�rt�, Attila; L�vay, Bernadett; Kupcsulik, P�ter
The use of laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy for complicated cholelithiasis
Background��The risk of damage to the bile duct and structures in the hilum of the liver is significant when Calot�s triangle cannot be\\u000a safely dissected during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and conversion to an open procedure often is performed. This is more\\u000a common during emergency surgery, but may not render the procedure any easier. Traditionally, open subtotal cholecystectomy\\u000a was performed, but with
J. A. E. Philips; D. A. Lawes; A. J. Cook; T. H. Arulampalam; A. Zaborsky; D. Menzies; R. W. Motson
A nation�s experience in laparoscopic cholecystectomy
In a national prospective multicenter study 3,722 laparoscopic cholecystectomies (LC) performed by 179 surgeons in 50 institutions\\u000a were analyzed with special regard to technique and complications. Conversion to open cholecystectomy was necessary in 259\\u000a patients (7.0%), either without intraoperative complications (4.5%) or due to intraoperative complications (2.5%). Three patients\\u000a (0.08%) died within 30 days after operation and a total of
R. Schlumpf; H. P. Klotz; H. Wehrli; U. Herzog
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in situs inversus: points of technique.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is one of the most common surgical procedures carried out in the world today. Rarely do patients present with undiagnosed situs inversus with cholecystitis. Symptomatic gallstones in patients with situs inversus pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. We had one such patient who presented with episodes of pain in the left upper abdomen. She was found to be suffering from situs inversus with gallstones in a left-sided gall bladder. After thorough preoperative evaluation, we performed laparoscopic cholecystectomy by modifying the operative technique adopting a mirror image of port placement on the left side using the left subcostal port (5 mm) for dissection with the right hand and the subxiphoid port for retraction of Hartmann's pouch by the left hand of the surgeon. We can summarise that laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients of situs inversus can be safely performed by an experienced surgeon. PMID:22675150
Pahwa, Harvinder Singh; Kumar, Awanish; Srivastava, Rohit
Analysis of a structured training programme in laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Background��Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is an established treatment for almost all gallbladder diseases with bile duct injury rates similar\\u000a to open cholecystectomy. These laparoscopic skills must be passed on to junior surgeons without compromising patient safety.\\u000a \\u000a \\u000a \\u000a Materials and methods��We analysed our structured training programme over 6years (May 2000 to May 2006) by following three trainee surgeons during\\u000a their training and beyond. During
Salleh Ibrahim; Khoon Hean Tay; Swee Ho Lim; T. Ravintharan; Ngian Chye Tan
Single Port Access (SPA�) laparoscopic ventral hernia repair: initial report of 30 cases
Background��Laparoscopic ventral hernia repair has been demonstrated to be an acceptable and successful technique. Aside from similar,\\u000a albeit fewer, complications compared to open hernia repair, the laparoscopic technique has the additional complication of\\u000a port site hernia to its follow-up criteria. Our initial experience with reduced port surgery in hernias was described as a\\u000a two-port one-stitch repair technique in 2002. We
Erica R. Podolsky; Angela Mouhlas; Andrew S. Wu; Alexander E. Poor; Paul G. Curcillo
Single port laparoscopic surgery: concept and controversies of a new technique.
LESS, or laparo-endoscopic single site surgery, is a promising new method in minimally invasive surgery. An increasing number of surgical procedures are being performed using this technique; however, its large-scale adoption awaits results of prospective randomized controlled studies confirming potential benefits. Theoretically, cosmetic outcomes, postoperative pain and complication rates could be improved with use of single site surgery. This study describes introduction of the method in a private hospital in Denmark in which 40 women were treated for benign gynecologic conditions. Although the operations described are the first of their kind reported in Denmark, favorable operating times and very low complication rates are seen. It is the authors' opinion that in addition to being feasible for hysterectomy, single port laparoscopy may become the preferred method for many simple gynecological procedures. PMID:22582946
Springborg, Henrik; Istre, Olav
Bile duct injury in the era of laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the standard of care for symptomatic cholelithiasis, but it is associated with a higher incidence of bile duct injury than the open approach. Methods: A review was performed of the English language literature on the management of bile duct injury listed on Medline databases. Results and conclusion: There is consensus that careful dissection and correct interpretation
S. Connor; O. J. Garden
Direct trocar insertion versus veress needle insertion in laparoscopic cholecystectomy
BACKGROUND: Direct insertion of the trocar is an alternative method to Veress needle insertion for the creation of pneumoperitoneum. The safety of direct disposable shielded trocar insertion for the creation of pneumoperitoneum was assessed by comparing with Veress needle insertion during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).METHODS:One thousand five hundred patients undergoing LC with pneumoperitoneum were included in this study. In 470 patients
Mehmet Ali Yerdel; Kaan Karayalcin; Ayhan Koyuncu; Baris Akin; Cuneyt Koksoy; Ahmet G Turkcapar; Nezih Erverdi; Iskender Ala�ayir; Cihan Bumin; Nusret Aras
A comprehensive predictive scoring method for difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy
CONTEXT: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the gold standard cholecystectomy. LC is the most common difficult laparoscopic surgery performed by surgeons today. The factors leading to difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be predicted. AIMS: To develop a scoring method that predicts difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Bidirectional prospective study in a medical college setup. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Following approval from the institutional ethical committee, cases from the three associated hospitals in a medical college setup, were collected using a detailed proforma stating the parameters of difficulty in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Study period was between May 10 and June 12. Preoperative, sonographic and intraoperative criteria were considered. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Chi Square test and Receiver Operater Curve (ROC) analysis. RESULTS: Total 323 patients were included. On analysis, elderly patients, males, recurrent cholecystitis, obese patients, previous surgery, patients who needed preoperative Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), abnormal serum hepatic and pancreatic enzyme profiles, distended or contracted gall bladder, intra-peritoneal adhesions, structural anomalies or distortions and the presence of a cirrhotic liver on ultrasonography (USG) were identified as predictors of difficult LC. A scoring system tested against the same sample proved to be effective. A ROC analysis was done with area under receiver operator curve of 0.956. A score above 9 was considered difficult with sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 97.8%. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that a scoring system predicting the difficulty in LC is feasible. There is scope for further refinement to make the same less cumbersome and easier to handle. Further studies are warranted in this direction.
Vivek, Mittalgodu Anantha Krishna Murthy; Augustine, Alfred Joseph; Rao, Ranjith
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy under spinal anaesthesia: A prospective, randomised study
CONTEXT: Spinal anaesthesia has been reported as an alternative to general anaesthesia for performing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). AIMS: Study aimed to evaluate efficacy, safety and cost benefit of conducting laparoscopic cholecystectomy under spinal anaesthesia (SA) in comparison to general anaesthesia(GA) SETTINGS AND DESIGN: A prospective, randomised study conducted over a two year period at an urban, non teaching hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients meeting inclusion criteria e randomised into two groups. Group A and Group B received general and spinal anaesthesia by standardised techniques. Both groups underwent standard four port laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Mean anaesthesia time, pneumoperitoneum time and surgery time defined primary outcome measures. Intraoperative events and post operative pain score were secondary outcome measure. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The Student t test, Pearson?s chi-square test and Fisher exact test. RESULTS: Out of 235 cases enrolled in the study, 114 cases in Group A and 110 in Group B analysed. Mean anaesthesia time appeared to be more in the GA group (49.45 vs. 40.64, P = 0.02) while pneumoperitoneum time and corresponding the total surgery time was slightly longer in the SA group. 27/117 cases who received SA experienced intraoperative events, four significant enough to convert to GA. No postoperative complications noted in either group. Pain relief significantly more in SA group in immediate post operative period (06 and 12 hours) but same as GA group at time of discharge (24 hours). No late postoperative complication or readmission noted in either group. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy done under spinal anaesthesia as a routine anaesthesia of choice is feasible and safe. Spinal anaesthesia can be recommended to be the anaesthesia technique of choice for conducting laparoscopic cholecystectomy in hospital setups in developing countries where cost factor is a major factor.
Tiwari, Sangeeta; Chauhan, Ashutosh; Chaterjee, Pallab; Alam, Mohammed T
Late reoperation for retained gallstone after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Complications due to retained gallstones after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy occur in 1.7 per 1000 cases. Significant delay to definitive diagnosis and treatment is common due to late presentation and nonspecific symptoms. Despite the low frequency, complications due to retained gallstones may be serious, including abscess and fistula formation. In the present case, we discuss the removal of abdominal wall and peritoneal stones 8 months after the original laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The case illustrates that complications may arise months to years after the original procedure and requires a high degree of clinical suspicion for expeditious diagnosis. Ultrasound is a sensitive and specific test to identify retained stones. Laparoscopic retrieval is recommended upon identification of intraperitoneal stones within this timeline. PMID:24487171
Carmichael, Samuel P; Zwischenberger, Brittany A; Bernard, Andrew C
Hepatic Artery Angiography and Embolization for Hemobilia Following Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Purpose: The effectiveness of angiography and embolization in diagnosis and treatment were assessed in a cohort of patients presenting with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage secondary to hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods: Over a 6-year period 1513 laparoscopic cholecystectomies were carried out in our region. Nine of these patients (0.6%) developed significant upper gastrointestinal bleeding, 5-43 days after surgery. All underwent emergency celiac and selective right hepatic artery angiography. All were treated by coil embolization of the right hepatic artery proximal and distal to the bleeding point. Results: Pseudoaneurysms of the hepatic artery adjacent to cholecystectomy clips were demonstrated in all nine patients at selective right hepatic angiography. In three patients celiac axis angiography alone failed to demonstrate the pseudoaneurysm. Embolization controlled hemorrhage in all patients with no further bleeding and no further intervention. One patient developed a candidal liver abscess in the post-procedure period. All patients are alive and well at follow-up. Conclusion: Selective right hepatic angiography is vital in the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Embolization offers the advantage of minimally invasive treatment in unstable patients, does not disrupt recent biliary reconstruction, allows distal as well as proximal control of the hepatic artery, and is an effective treatment for this potentially life-threatening complication.
Nicholson, Tony; Travis, Simon; Ettles, Duncan; Dyet, John [Department of Vascular Radiology, Hull Royal Infirmary, Anlaby Road, Hull HU3 2JZ (United Kingdom); Sedman, Peter; Wedgewood, Kevin; Royston, Christopher [Department of Surgery, Hull Royal Infirmary, Anlaby Road, Hull HU3 2JZ (United Kingdom)
Incidental Gallbladder Carcinoma Diagnosed During or After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Background��Gallbladder carcinoma (GC) is a highly lethal neoplasm. With the increase of cholecystectomies since the wide acceptance of\\u000a laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), the incidental diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma is more frequent. The aim of the present\\u000a study was to report our experience with GC diagnosed during or after the performance of LC.\\u000a \\u000a \\u000a \\u000a \\u000a Methods��A total of 10,466 LCs were carried out from
Wei-Jie Zhang; Gui-Fang Xu; Xiao-Ping Zou; Wei-Bing Wang; Jun-Chi Yu; Guo-Zhong Wu; Chun-Lei Lu
[Gasless laparoscopic cholecystectomy using retractor of the abdominal wall].
The Authors present a new gasless laparoscopic cholecystectomy method using an abdominal wall elevator with subcutaneous traction ("laparotenser"). Fifty patients between May 1994 and March 1995 were operated by videolaparoscopy using this new gasless method. Twenty of them were operated with Nagai's method while the laparotenser was used in the remaining thirty. The results obtained are similar to those using pneumoperitoneum. It has been observed a global reduction of costs, less postoperative pain, no influence in cardiovascular and metabolic indexes. No complications were reported during the postoperative period but two cases of conversion to laparotomy not related to the method used were needed. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy without pneumoperitoneum using the subcutaneous elevator of the abdominal wall ("laparotenser") has demonstrated that it's possible to operate in a working space similar to that created by the pneumoperitoneum. After an initial period of distrust towards the laparoscopic methods without pneumoperitoneum it has been accepted that gasless methods multiply the indications to minimally invasive surgery in patients with cardiorespiratory problems considered no ideal candidates to laparoscopic cholecystectomy with pneumoperitoneum. PMID:8679422
D'Urbano, C; Fuertes Guiro, F; Sampietro, R
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy for a left-sided gallbladder.
Cholecystectomy is a common procedure. Abnormalities in the anatomy of the biliary system are common but an abnormal location of the gallbladder is much rarer. Despite frequent pre-operative imaging, the aberrant location of the gallbladder is commonly discovered at surgery. This article presents a case of a patient with the gallbladder located to the left of the falciform ligament in the absence of situs inversus totalis that presented with right upper quadrant pain. A laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed and it was noted that the cystic duct originated from the right side. The presence of a left sided gall bladder is often associated with various biliary, portal venous and other anomalies that might lead to intra-operative injuries. The spectrum of unusual positions and anatomical gallbladder abnormalities is reviewed in order to facilitate elective and emergent cholecystectomy as well as other hepatobiliary procedures. With proper identification of the anatomy, minimally invasive approaches are still considered safe. PMID:24124340
Iskandar, Mazen E; Radzio, Agnes; Krikhely, Merab; Leitman, I Michael
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy for a left-sided gallbladder
Cholecystectomy is a common procedure. Abnormalities in the anatomy of the biliary system are common but an abnormal location of the gallbladder is much rarer. Despite frequent pre-operative imaging, the aberrant location of the gallbladder is commonly discovered at surgery. This article presents a case of a patient with the gallbladder located to the left of the falciform ligament in the absence of situs inversus totalis that presented with right upper quadrant pain. A laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed and it was noted that the cystic duct originated from the right side. The presence of a left sided gall bladder is often associated with various biliary, portal venous and other anomalies that might lead to intra-operative injuries. The spectrum of unusual positions and anatomical gallbladder abnormalities is reviewed in order to facilitate elective and emergent cholecystectomy as well as other hepatobiliary procedures. With proper identification of the anatomy, minimally invasive approaches are still considered safe.
Iskandar, Mazen E; Radzio, Agnes; Krikhely, Merab; Leitman, I Michael
Clostridium perfringens sepsis and liver abscess following laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Clostridium perfringens sepsis with intravascular haemolysis is a catastrophic process with a reported mortality of between 90 to 100%. We successfully treated a case of severe clostridial infection with a liver abscess following laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the first to our knowledge. A 59-year-old man presented one week after an uneventful laparoscopic cholecystectomy with jaundice, peritonism, sepsis and acute renal failure. He was found to have a haemolytic anaemia, unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia and blood cultures grew Clostridium perfringens. A CT revealed a large gas forming abscess in the gallbladder fossa and right lobe of liver. He was treated with directed antibiotic therapy and underwent emergency laparotomy, drainage of the abscess and peritoneal washout. He required intensive care support, parenteral nutrition and inotropic support for a limited period. CT liver angiogram post op was normal. Continued renal dysfunction necessitated protracted haemofiltration. This resolved and the patient was discharged home at 2 months.
Qandeel, H; Abudeeb, H; Hammad, A; Ray, C; Sajid, M; Mahmud, S
The significance of cystic duct stones encountered during laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Background��Cystic duct stones (CDS) are occasionally encountered during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). They may be noticed during\\u000a the dissection of the cystic pedicle or seen to extrude from the cystic duct (CD) when it is divided or opened to perform\\u000a the intraoperative cholangiogram (IOC). The procedures for dealing with CDS range from the simple removal of stones that fall\\u000a out when
S. Mahmud; Y. Hamza; A. H. M. Nassar
Complications due to gallstones lost during laparoscopic cholecystectomy
��Background: The aim of this study was to identify predisposing factors for complications after gallstone spillage during laparoscopic\\u000a cholecystectomy (LC). Methods: Papers derived from Medline search and papers from reference lists within these papers were\\u000a studied. Ninety-one reports on complications caused by lost gallstones published between 1991 and 1998 were analyzed. These\\u000a patients were compared with cases in published series
J. G. Brockmann; T. Kocher; N. J. Senninger; G. M. Sch�rmann
Gallstone abscess as a result of dropped gallstones during laparoscopic cholecystectomy
INTRODUCTION With the advent of laparoscopic cholecystectomy we have seen a �disease of medical progress� (DOMP). Herein we report a complication that developed 7 years after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. PRESENTATION OF CASE A 42 year old woman presented with worsening right-sided pain and tenderness. Seven years prior she underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Computed tomography demonstrated a subhepatic retroperitoneal inflammatory mass. On open exploration a 4�cm�נ6�cm retroperitoneal mass was excised. The mass contained purulent material and gallstones. DISCUSSION Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become the �gold standard� for the treatment of symptomatic gallstones. Prior to laparoscopic cholecystectomy there was no body of literature about lost gallstones thus making this a DOMP. In contrast, it is reported that as many as 5.4�19% of laparoscopic cholecystectomies have stones spilled with variable rates of retrieval. Our case demonstrates an extreme example of a complication resulting seven years after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy with gallstones left behind. CONCLUSION Recognizing that gallstones will be lost during some cases of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, we must remain vigilant and make a full attempt to retrieve all stones to prevent such rare but not insignificant potential complications.
Singh, Kuldeep; Wang, Ming L.; Ofori, Emmanuel; Widmann, Warren; Alemi, Aziz; Nakaska, Miles
Operative Stress Response Is Reduced After Laparoscopic Compared toOpen Cholecystectomy
Our objective was to determine the least invasive surgical procedure; to do this we compared postoperative pain, duration of ileus, and level of neurohormonal stress response after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and open cholecystectomy (OC). Postoperative recovery of patients was faster after LC than OC but comparison of the neurohormonal stress response after laparoscopic and open surgical procedures revealed conflicting results.
Isabelle Le Blanc-Louvry; Antoine Coquerel; Edith Koning; C�cile Maillot; Philippe Ducrott�
Laparoscopic-Assisted Single-Port Appendectomy in Children: It Is a Safe and Cost-Effective Alternative to Conventional Laparoscopic Techniques?
Aim. Laparoscopic-assisted single-port appendectomy (SPA), although combining the advantages of open and conventional laparoscopic surgery, is still not widely used in childhood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and the cost effectiveness of SPA in children. Methods. After institutional review board approval, we retrospectively evaluated 262 children who underwent SPA. The appendix was dissected outside the abdominal cavity as in open surgery. For stump closure, we used two 3/0 vicryl RB-1 sutures. Results. We identified 146 boys (55.7%) and 116 girls (44.3%). Median age at operation was 11.4 years (range, 1.1�15.9). Closure of the appendiceal stump using two sutures (cost: USD 15) was successful in all patients. Neither a stapler (cost: USD 276) nor endoloops (cost: USD 89) were used. During a follow-up of up to 69 months (range, 30�69), six obese children (2.3%, body mass index >95th percentile) developed an intra-abdominal abscess after perforated appendicitis. No insufficiency of the appendiceal stump was observed by ultrasound. Five of them were treated successfully by antibiotics, one child required drainage. Conclusion. The SPA technique with conventional extracorporal closure of the appendiceal stump is safe and cost effective. In our unit, SPA is the standard procedure for appendectomy in children.
Sesia, Sergio B.; Haecker, Frank-Martin
[Totally trans-umbilical laparoscopic cholecystectomy: our experience].
Videoassisted surgery has recently led to a new era, aimed mainly at minimising surgical trauma and improving the cosmetic result. Natural Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES) and Single Incision Laparoscopic Surgery (SILS) are emerging as effective techniques whose advantages and possible applications have been widely explored in the most recent literature. Twenty-two consecutive patients, mean age 51.5 years (range: 24-86 years), were subjected to a laparoscopic cholecystectomy through a single, trans-umbilical, incision (SILS). We utilised standard laparoscopic instruments, placing one 10 mm trocar for the camera and two 5 mm trocars for the operative instruments. Mean operative time was 69 min (range: 40 - 120 min). There were no major complications during surgery, and the postoperative recovery was uneventful. All patients referred complete satisfaction with the surgical and cosmetic result obtained 1 and 3 weeks postoperatively. PMID:20380266
Scalambra, Silvia Marco; Galli, Andrea; Gambetti, Andrea; Giuliani, Domenico; Schipani, Stefano; Rasini, Massimo; Leone, Sara; Ciccarese, Francesca; Grillone, Gianluca
Gallstone-Related Abdominal Abscess 8 Years After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Background: A common intraoperative complication during laparoscopic cholecystectomy is gallbladder perforation with spillage of gallstones. The undesirable consequence of spilled gallstones is the formation of abscesses months or years after an operation. Case Description: Our clinical report describes an intraabdominal abscess formation in an 82-year-old man that developed 8 years after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen showed an elongated fluid collection in the right abdominal compartment musculature at the level of the internal oblique muscle. Abdominal ultrasonography confirmed a large fluid collection, with 2 echogenic masses in the dependent portion. Incision and drainage of the abscess were performed, and 2 gallstones were found. Conclusion: Any unusual collection of fluid in the perihepatic space and abdominal wall in the area of the surgical incision in a patient with a remote history of cholecystectomy should be evaluated for abscess related to retained gallstone. Early abscess formation is usually diagnosed and treated by the surgeon. However, the late manifestation might be a clinical problem seen in the primary care physician's office. Therefore, the primary care physician should incorporate diagnosis of gallstone-related abscess in patients with abdominal abscess formation of unknown etiology.
Jugmohan, Stephanie; Dabul, Luis
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a cardiac transplant recipient.
An increasing number of cardiac transplants are being carried out around the world. With increasing longevity, these patients present a unique challenge to non-transplant anesthesiologists for a variety of transplant related or incidental surgeries. The general considerations related to a cardiac transplant recipient are the physiological and pharmacological problems of allograft denervation, the side-effects of immunosuppression, the risk of infection and the potential for rejection. A thorough understanding of the physiology of a denervated heart, need for direct vasoactive agents and post-transplant morbidities is essential in anesthetic management of such a patient. Here, we describe a case of a heart transplant recipient who presented for a cholecystectomy at our center. PMID:24843350
Pandya, Seema R; Paranjape, Saloni
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a cardiac transplant recipient
An increasing number of cardiac transplants are being carried out around the world. With increasing longevity, these patients present a unique challenge to non-transplant anesthesiologists for a variety of transplant related or incidental surgeries. The general considerations related to a cardiac transplant recipient are the physiological and pharmacological problems of allograft denervation, the side-effects of immunosuppression, the risk of infection and the potential for rejection. A thorough understanding of the physiology of a denervated heart, need for direct vasoactive agents and post-transplant morbidities is essential in anesthetic management of such a patient. Here, we describe a case of a heart transplant recipient who presented for a cholecystectomy at our center.
Pandya, Seema R.; Paranjape, Saloni
[Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in totalis situs inversus for cholecystitis].
Various congenital anomalies, organ transpositions impose special demands on building up the diagnosis; the mirror image of the abdominal organs tests the skills of the surgeon. We report a case of a 68 year old female patient, with a known situs inversus totalis, who underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. We discuss our diagnostic steps (such as US, ERCP and EST), the variation of maneuvers used during the operation. No iatrogenic event occurred. We also stress that the surgeon should be alert of possible local anatomic variations and, if needed, conversion should be a solution of choice. PMID:20156790
Pataki, Istv�n; Soultan, Thabet Ghayth; Chanis, William
Thrombosis of Portal Venous System after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in a Patient with Prothrombin Gene Mutation
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is now the gold standard for the treatment of symptomatic cholelithiasis. Portal venous thrombosis after laparoscopic cholecystectomy is rare. We report a case of thrombosis of the portal venous system after laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a patient with a latent prothrombin gene mutation. An abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance angiogram of the abdomen revealed portal, superior mesenteric, and splenic vein thrombosis. Testing for coagulation disorders showed a heterozygous form of factor II (prothrombin) G20210A mutation. Because of its rarity, information regarding this complication is limited.
Gul, Waheed; Qazi, Arif M.; Markert, Ronald J.; Barde, Christopher J.
Hem-o-Lok Clip in the First Part of Duodenum after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) have become the standard surgical procedure for cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis. During the operation, cystic duct and vessels are usually controlled by Hem-o-Lok clips. We report a case with a complaint of severe abdominal pain for the previous 20 days. Her medical history was unremarkable except for laparoscopic cholecystectomy 8 months ago. In upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, two Hem-o-Lok clips at anterior wall of the first part of duodenum were detected. Therefore, the clip can migrate during postoperative period and Hem-o-Lok is not a very safe ligation method during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Seyyedmajidi, Mohammadreza; Hosseini, Seyed Ashkan; Hajiebrahimi, Shahin
Efficacy of thoracic epidural analgesia following laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
This study was undertaken to determine whether epidural analgesia has any benefit for post-operative pain relief in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patients were randomly assigned to receive post-operative epidural analgesia with a morphine-bupivacaine combination (Group A, n = 22) or placebo (saline) (Group B, n = 22). The same standard general anaesthetic technique, which consists of nitrous oxide and isoflurane in oxygen was used. Analgesia was assessed using visual analogue pain scores (0-10 cm). The evaluation was carried out 24 and 48 h post-operatively. At 24 h after anaesthesia, pain scores in Group A (2.3 +/- 1.2) were lower than those in Group B (4.4 +/- 1.5) (P < 0.05). However, at 48 h post-operatively, no difference in scores was observed between the two groups. In conclusion, epidural analgesia with a morphine-bupivacaine combination improves pain relief during the first 24 h following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. PMID:9649996
Fujii, Y; Toyooka, H; Tanaka, H
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Cholelithiasis in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis
We performed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for symptomatic cholelithiasis on four patients with cirrhosis of the liver, two of whom had clinical portal hypertension and splenomegaly. Preoperative examination disclosed hypersplenism in one patient, while mild thrombocytopenia and decreased prothrombin concentration were noted in three patients. However, no remarkable bleeding tendency was recognized clinically in any of the patients. Preoperatively, by Child-Pugh's criteria, three patients had class B disease and one class A disease. Intraoperatively, remarkable inflammatory change or fibrotic change of the gallbladder wall and Calot's triangle was observed in two cases, and collateral veins and lymphangial congestion were observed in all four cases. In the first case, extreme bleeding and lymphorrhea from dissected sites were observed, and a 1.5 unit of transfusion of whole blood was required during operation. Postoperatively, increase in ascites which was controlled with diuretics was recognized in one case. However, the postoperative course was uneventful in all cases, and no serious complications were recognized. That laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be safely performed in patients with cirrhosis if careful and appropriate management of bleeding and lymphorrhea from sites of dissection is ensured, is encouraging.
Sowa, Michio; Nagayama, Masayoshi; Nishiguchi, Yukio
Diagnosis of incidental gallbladder cancer after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: our experience
Background Gallbladder carcinoma is a rare high malignancy neoplasm. The incidence of intra or post-operative incidental gallbladder carcinoma diagnosis is estimated between 0,2 and 2,8%. Primary aim of our study is to evaluate incidental gallbladder carcinoma's incidence in our experience. Methods We retrospectively reviewed our Surgery Division's experience about the totality of laparoscopic cholecystectomies with post-operative histological evidence of incidental gallbladder cancer. We evaluated patients' characteristics, surgical related variables, histological response, surgivcal radicalization characteristics and surgical outcome. Results In the considered sample we observed 7 accidental gallbladder adenocarcinomas in post-operative histological examination. Pathological results were:1 pT1b N0 (G1), 2 pT2 N0 (G2), 2 pT2 N1 (G3b), 2 pT3 N1 (G3b) (Table 1). In 5 cases we performed neoplasm radicalization surgery with standard procedure revision. Two patients died before radicalization. Median global survival was 34 months. Conclusion With the increase of laparoscopic cholecystectomies both elective and urgent performed in our centre we observed also an increase of incidentally diagnosed gallbladder neoplasms. Early diagnosis, meticulous peri-operative study and accurate surgical strategy are essential factors to obtain good results in incidental gallbladder cancer.
Oxycodone vs. Fentanyl Patient-Controlled Analgesia after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Objectives Oxycodone is semi-synthetic opioid, oral and parenteral preparations have been widely used for acute and chronic pain. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and side effects of oxycodone and fentanyl in patient controlled analgesia (PCA) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods A prospective, randomized, double-blind study was conducted. 81 patients were randomly divided into two groups; fentanyl (10 mcg fentanyl and 1.5 mg ketorolac) and oxycodone group (1 mg oxycodone and 1.5 mg ketorolac). After the operation, a blinded observer assessed pain using a numerical rating scale (NRS), infused PCA dose, side effects, sedation levels, and satisfaction. Results Cumulative PCA dose of oxycodone group at 48 h (31.4 � 16.0 ml) was significantly less than that of fentanyl group (43.8 � 23.1 ml, P = 0.009). Oxycodone group showed more nausea at 6 - 24 h after the operation (P = 0.001), but there was no difference in satisfaction score (P = 0.073). There were no significant differences in other side effects, sedation and NRS scores between two groups. Conclusion Oxycodone showed comparable effects for pain relief compared to fentanyl in spite of less cumulative PCA dose. Based on these results, we could conclude that oxycodone may be useful as an alternative to fentanyl for PCA after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Hwang, Boo-Young; Kwon, Jae-Young; Kim, Eunsoo; Lee, Do-Won; Kim, Tae-Kyun; Kim, Hae-Kyu
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in double gallbladder with dual pathology
Double gallbladder is a rare embryological anomaly of clinical significance. Despite availability of modern imaging, only 50% of recently reported cases had preoperative diagnosis, which is desirable in every case to avoid serious operative complications. Double pathology in double gallbladder is extremely rare with only 3 reporting's available till date to the best of author's knowledge. With a preoperative diagnosis of double gallbladder, laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be safely and successfully performed with meticulous dissection, aided by operative cholangiogram. However in all such attempts a lower threshold should be kept for conversion to open surgery. Awareness about this anomaly amongst radiologists and surgeons is of crucial importance. Double gallbladder does not present with any specific symptom, neither it increases disease possibility in either lobe. Prophylactic cholecystectomy has no role in asymptomatic cases diagnosed accidentally. Author reports a case of a symptomatic young male with double gallbladder who presented with short history of dyspepsia, abdominal pain and fever. Definite preoperative diagnosis was reached with ultrasound scan and magnetic resonance cholangio pancreatography and subsequently dealt with laparoscopically. Calculous cholecystitis affected one lobe and acalculous empyema the other. While the 1st lobe drained though a cystic duct into common bile duct (CBD), the 2nd was without any communication with either CBD or its counterpart, thus remained as a blind vesicle.
Ghosh, Sumanta Kumar
Single-Fulcrum Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Uncomplicated Gallbladder Diseases: A Retrospective Comparative Analysis with Conventional Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Purpose Single-fulcrum laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SFLC) is a variant type of single incision and multi-port technique that does not use specialized one-port devices or articulating instruments. We retrospectively compared perioperative outcomes of SFLC with those of conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy (CLC). Materials and Methods Between March 2009 and December 2010, SFLC was performed in 130 patients. Among them, 105 patients with uncomplicated gallbladder disease (no inflammation or no clinical symptoms) and another 105 patients who underwent CLC were selected for this study. Results There was no open conversion. In comparison with CLC, SFLC was performed more often in young (46.4�12.2 years vs. 52.5�13.6 years, p=0.001) female patients (80/25 vs. 62/43, p=0.008). The total operation time was longer in SFLC (56.7�14.1 min vs. 47.5�17.1 min, p<0.001), but pain scores immediately after operation and at discharge time were lower for SFLC than for CLC (3.1�1.3 vs. 4.0�1.9, p<0.001, 2.0�0.9 vs. 2.4�0.8, p=0.002). Total cost was lower for SFLC than for CLC (US $ 1801�289.9 vs. US $ 2003�617.4, p=0.004). There were no differences in hospital stay or complication rates. Conclusion SFLC showed greater technical feasibility and cost benefits in treating uncomplicated benign gallbladder disease than CLC.
Hwang, Ho Kyoung; Choi, Sung Hoon; Lee, Woo Jung
National Trends in the Adoption of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy over 7 Years in the United States and Impact of Laparoscopic Approaches Stratified by Age
Introduction. The aim of this study was to characterize national trends in adoption of laparoscopic cholecystectomy and determine differences in outcome based on type of surgery and patient age. Methods. Retrospective cross-sectional study of patients undergoing cholecystectomy. Trends in open versus laparoscopic cholecystectomy by age group and year were analyzed. Differences in outcomes including in-hospital mortality, complications, discharge disposition, length of stay (LOS), and cost are examined. Results. Between 1999 and 2006, 358,091 patients underwent cholecystectomy. In 1999, patients aged ?80 years had the lowest rates of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, followed by those aged 65�79, 64�50, and 49�18 years (59.7%, 65.3%, 73.2%, and 83.5%, resp., P < 0.05). Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was associated with improved clinical and economic outcomes across all age groups. Over the study period, there was a gradual increase in laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed among all age groups during each year, though elderly patients continued to lag significantly behind their younger counterparts in rates of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Conclusion. This is the largest study to report trends in adoption of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the US in patients stratified by age. Elderly patients are more likely to undergo open cholecystectomy. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is associated with improved clinical outcomes.
Aziz, Abdul; Desai, Sapan S.; McMaster, Jason
Results of post-laparoscopic cholecystectomy duplex scan without deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis prior to surgery
Backgrounds There are controversies among surgeons about prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The aim of this study was the assessment of patients� condition after laparoscopic cholecystectomy without any prophylactic measure. Methods 100 cases of laparoscopic cholecystectomy without DVT prophylaxis were followed by duplex scanning in the first postoperative day and by physical examination and patient history at the first to second postoperative week however no clinical sign was found for DVT. Results Only one case of partially thrombosis (1%) was found by duplex scanning which was managed conservatively. Conclusion Laparoscopic cholecystectomy may consider as a low-risk procedure and routine prophylaxis may not be justified in the absence of other risk factor.
Pakaneh, Mohammad Ali; Tamannaie, Zeinab; Hakimian, Mohammad; Zohrei, Hamid Reza; Chaichian, Shahla
Laparoscopic vs. small incision cholecystectomy: Implications for pulmonary function and pain. A randomized clinical trial
BACKGROUND: Upper abdominal surgery, including laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), is associated with post-operative pulmonary dysfunction. LC has, by consensus, become the treatment of choice for symptomatic cholecystolithiasis. The small-incision cholecystectomy (SIC), a procedure which does not require a pneumoperitoneum threatens to be lost to clinical practice even though there is evidence of equality. We hypothesized that the SIC technique should be
F. Keus; U Ahmed Ali; G. J. Noordergraaf; J. A. Roukema; H. G. Gooszen
Prophylactic antiemetics for laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a comparison of perphenazine, droperidol plus ondansetron, and droperidol plus metoclopramide
Study Objective: To compare the prophylactic administration of ondansetron plus droperidol, droperidol plus metoclopramide, and perphenazine to determine effects on postoperative nausea, vomiting, and sedation after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Design: Prospective, randomized, double-blind study.Setting: University medical center.Patients: 212 ASA physical status I and II adults presenting for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Interventions: Patients were randomly assigned to receive one of three prophylactic antiemetic drug combinations:
Richard A Steinbrook; James L Gosnell; Dubravka Freiberger
Bile duct leaks after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: value of contrast-enhanced MRCP
Background: We assessed the role of mangafodipirenhanced magnetic resonance (MR) cholangiography in the detection and location of bile duct leaks after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods: In a prospective study, 34 patients with clinical suspicion of bile duct leak after laparoscopic cholecystectomy underwent MR imaging. Our protocol included conventional heavily T2-weighted MR cholangiography and three-dimensional T1-weighted MR cholangiography after an intravenous bolus
M. Aduna; J. A. Larena; D. Mart�n; B. Mart�nez-Guere�u; I. Aguirre; E. Astigarraga
Single incision tans-umbilical laparoscopic cholecystectomy using conventional laparoscopic instruments: initial experience of single institute.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) had been considered the gold standard treatment for symptomatic gall bladder (GB) stones. Single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) was emerged as a less invasive alternative with better cosmesis and less post operative pain. This study evaluated the feasibility, safety, advantages and complications of SILC using the conventional laparoscopic instruments. A total of 52 patients (47 females and 5 males) with symptomatic GB stones underwent elective SILC using the conventional laparoscopic instruments. The mean operative time was 61.75 min and the mean estimated blood loss was 17.21 ml. Gall bladder perforation occurred in 5 cases (9.6%) in which 3 cases calculi spillage occurred. Troublesome cystic artery bleeding occurred in 2 cases (3.8%) while gall bladder bed bleeding happened in 1 case (1.9%). An intraoperative cholangiogram was performed in 3 cases and a drain was inserted in one case. No conversions of the technique occurred. 49 patients discharged in the first post operative day and 3 patients (5.8 %) in the 2nd day. Three month post operative wound length was an average of 1.58 cm while patient satisfaction of the surgery was an average of 9.32. PMID:22435160
Hassan, Ahmed Mohamed Abdelaziz; Hedaya, Mohamed Saied; Nasr, Magid Mahmoud; Nafeh, Ayman Ihab; Elsebae, Magdey Mohamed
Growing use of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the national Veterans Affairs Surgical Risk Study: effects on volume, patient selection, and selected outcomes.
OBJECTIVE: To study the introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy to the 43 tertiary-care university-affiliated Veterans Administration medical centers (VAMCs) participating in the National Veterans Affairs Surgical Risk Study from October 1991 through December 1993. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Previous studies in the private sector have documented growth in the number of cholecystectomies and falling clinical thresholds for cholecystectomy with the introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS: The following were analyzed for changes over time: measures of patient preoperative risk, complexity of surgery, severity of biliary disease, numbers of procedures, postoperative length of stay, and 30-day postoperative mortality and general complication rates. RESULTS: The number of cholecystectomies performed laparoscopically increased, but the total number of cholecystectomies performed remained stable over time. The proportion of patients with acute cholecystitis, emergent cholecystectomies, and technically complex cholecystectomies did not change or increased slightly over time. Adjusted odds for postoperative general complications were lower for laparoscopic than for open cholecystectomy, but 30-day postoperative mortality and general complication rates for all cholecystectomies remained constant over time. Postoperative length of stay for all cholecystectomies fell significantly. Implementation rates of laparoscopic cholecystectomy varied widely between hospitals. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was adopted more slowly and used in a lower percentage of cholecystectomies than in non-VA settings. CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to non-VA studies showing increases in overall cholecystectomy volume since the introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, these VAMCs implemented laparoscopic cholecystectomy without growth in cholecystectomies or a change in the clinical threshold for cholecystectomy. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was associated with better outcomes, but its introduction in the setting of stable cholecystectomy volume and biliary disease case mix did not change postoperative mortality and complication rates. The stable cholecystectomy volume and biliary disease case mix, slower adoption, and lower use of laparoscopic cholecystectomy contrast with previous reports and may result from differences in patients and organization and financing of VA versus non-VA settings.
Chen, A Y; Daley, J; Pappas, T N; Henderson, W G; Khuri, S F
Fate of Dyspeptic or Colonic Symptoms After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Background/Aims Gallbladder diseases can give rise to dyspeptic or colonic symptoms in addition to biliary pain. Although most biliary pain shows improvement after cholecystectomy, the fates of dyspeptic or colonic symptoms still remain controversial. This study assessed whether nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms improved after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and identified the characteristics of patients who experienced continuing or exacerbated symptoms following surgery. Methods Sixty-five patients who underwent LC for uncomplicated gallbladder stones or gallbladder polyps were enrolled. The patients were surveyed on their dyspeptic or colonic symptoms before surgery and again at 3 and 6 months after surgery. Patients' mental sanity was also assessed using a psychological symptom score with the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised questionnaire. Results Forty-four (67.7%) patients showed one or more dyspeptic or colonic symptoms before surgery. Among these, 31 (47.7%) and 36 (55.4%) patients showed improvement at 3 and 6 months after surgery, respectively. However, 18.5% of patients showed continuing or exacerbated symptoms at 6 months after surgery. These patients did not differ with respect to gallstone or gallbladder polyps, but differed in frequency of gastritis. These patients reported lower postoperative satisfaction. Patients with abdominal symptoms showed higher psychological symptom scores than others. However, poor mental sanity was not related to the symptom exacerbation. Conclusions Elective LC improves dyspeptic or colonic symptoms. Approximately 19% of patients reported continuing or exacerbated symptoms following LC. Detailed history-taking regarding gastritis before surgery can be helpful in predicting patients� outcome after LC.
Kim, Gi Hyun; Lee, Hyo Deok; Kim, Min; Kim, Kyeongmin; Jeong, Yusook; Hong, Yong Joo; Kang, Eun Seok; Han, Joung-Ho; Choi, Jae-Woon; Park, Seon Mee
Clinical experience with a multifunctional, flexible surgery system for endolumenal, single-port, and NOTES procedures
Background Single-port and incisionless surgical approaches hold the promise of fewer complications, reduced pain, faster recovery, and improved cosmesis compared with traditional open or laparoscopic approaches. The ability to select an access approach (i.e., endolumenal, single-port, transvaginal, or transgastric) with one platform may be important to optimization of individual patient results. The authors report their results using these four separate surgical approaches tailored to three different therapeutic procedures, all with the use of a single flexible platform, the Incisionless Operating Platform (IOP). Methods After institutional review board approval, the IOP was used to perform nine cholecystectomies via transvaginal (TV) (n�=�4), transgastric (TG) (n�=�4), and single-port transumbilical (TU) (n�=�1) access. Two appendectomies were performed via TG access. Endolumenal access was used for 18 gastric pouch and stoma reductions after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. The TG and TV procedures involved the use of one to three trocars. The recorded data included safety, procedural success, operative time, patient pain assessment (on a 0�10 scale) at discharge, and length of hospital stay. Results Procedural success was achieved for 16 of 18 endolumenal procedures, 1 of 1 single-port procedure, and 10 of 10 NOTES procedures. For 5 of 10 NOTES procedures, only one small trocar was required. The mean operative times were 79�min for pouch with stoma reduction, 171�min for cholecystectomy, and 274�min for appendectomy. Of 29 patients, 27 were discharged in 24�h or less. The average pain scores were 0.44 for pouch with stoma reduction, 1.3 for cholecystectomy, and 2.5 for appendectomy. No significant complications occurred. The ergonomics of IOP allowed the surgeon to interface with the system using an endoscopic or laparoscopic orientation. Conclusion Availability of a multifunctional, flexible surgery platform provides a choice of a single-port or incisionless surgical approach with the potential to reduce complications, pain, and recovery time while improving cosmesis.
Thompson, Kari; Talamini, Mark; Ferreres, Alberto; Jacobsen, Garth; Spaun, Georg; Cullen, John; Swanstrom, Lee
Contemporary experience with cholecystectomy: establishing 'benchmarks' two decades after the introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
With quality and public reporting of increasing importance, benchmarks are anticipated to grow in relevance. We studied cholecystectomy in a practice in an urban tertiary care hospital. A total of 1083 cholecystectomies were performed in 2008 and 2009. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed in 97.8 per cent of patients with a 2.2 per cent conversion rate. A planned open procedure was performed in only 2.2 per cent of patients. Approximately half of procedures were urgent and performed during an acute hospitalization. Most patients (74%) were female and most patients were overweight or obese (64.8%). Ages into the tenth decade of life were represented. Comorbidities included hypertension, 28.7 per cent; coronary disease, 15.6 per cent; diabetes mellitus, 13.4 per cent; gastroesophageal reflux disease, 10.7 per cent; and asthma, 5.5 per cent. Of female patients, 98 (12.2%) were postpartum and five (0.6%) were pregnant. Of 137 patients without gallstones, 59.1 per cent had biliary dyskinesia and 27 per cent had acalculous cholecystitis. Preoperative magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) were performed in most patients with suspected choledocholithiasis. Intraoperative cholangiograms were performed in 6.9 per cent of patients, 3.3 per cent for abnormal liver function studies. Postoperative ERCP was used in most patients with positive intraoperative cholangiograms. All-cause mortality was 0.8 per cent and attributable mortality was 0.2 per cent. Complications occurred in 7.5 per cent of patients, including retained common bile duct stones in 1.1 per cent, bile duct leak in 0.3 per cent, and common bile duct injury in 0.1 per cent. PMID:24351351
Udekwu, Pascal O; Sullivan, William G
Cost effectiveness of routine type and screen testing before laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Background: The aim of this study was to assess the cost effectiveness of routine preoperative blood type and screen testing before laparoscopic\\u000a cholecystectomy.\\u000a \\u000a \\u000a \\u000a \\u000a Methods: All 2,589 laparoscopic cholecystectomies and 603 open cholecystectomies performed at our institution between January 1990\\u000a and December 1996 were retrospectively reviewed to identify the incidence and causes of blood transfusions. With the use of\\u000a ICD-9-CM coding,
H. Usal; J. Nabagiez; P. Sayad; G. S. Ferzli
Incidental gallbladder cancer during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Managing an unexpected finding
AIM: To evaluate the impact of incidental gallbladder cancer on surgical experience. METHODS: Between 1998 and 2008 all cases of cholecystectomy at two divisions of general surgery, one university based and one at a public hospital, were retrospectively reviewed. Gallbladder pathology was diagnosed by history, physical examination, and laboratory and imaging studies [ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT)]. Patients with gallbladder cancer (GBC) were further analyzed for demographic data, and type of operation, surgical morbidity and mortality, histopathological classification, and survival. Incidental GBC was compared with suspected or preoperatively diagnosed GBC. The primary endpoint was disease-free survival (DFS). The secondary endpoint was the difference in DFS between patients previously treated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy and those who had oncological resection as first intervention. RESULTS: Nineteen patients (11 women and eight men) were found to have GBC. The male to female ratio was 1:1.4 and the mean age was 68 years (range: 45-82 years). Preoperative diagnosis was made in 10 cases, and eight were diagnosed postoperatively. One was suspected intraoperatively and confirmed by frozen sections. The ratio between incidental and nonincidental cases was 9/19. The tumor node metastasis stage was: pTis (1), pT1a (2), pT1b (4), pT2 (6), pT3 (4), pT4 (2); five cases with stage?Ia (T1 a-b); two with stage?Ib (T2 N0); one with stage?IIa (T3 N0); six with stage?IIb (T1-T3 N1); two with stage III (T4 Nx Nx); and one with stage IV (Tx Nx Mx). Eighty-eight percent of the incidental cases were discovered at an early stage (??II). Preoperative diagnosis of the 19 patients with GBC was: GBC with liver invasion diagnosed by preoperative CT (nine cases), gallbladder abscess perforated into hepatic parenchyma and involving the transversal mesocolon and hepatic hilum (one case), porcelain gallbladder (one case), gallbladder adenoma (one case), and chronic cholelithiasis (eight cases). Every case, except one, with a T1b or more advanced invasion underwent IVb + V wedge liver resection and pericholedochic/hepatoduodenal lymphadenectomy. One patient with stage T1b GBC refused further surgery. Cases with Tis and T1a involvement were treated with cholecystectomy alone. One incidental case was diagnosed by intraoperative frozen section and treated with cholecystectomy alone. Six of the nine patients with incidental diagnosis reached 5-year DFS. One patient reached 38 mo survival despite a port-site recurrence 2 years after original surgery. Cases with non incidental diagnosis were more locally advanced and only two patients experienced 5-year DFS. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy does not affect survival if implemented properly. Reoperation should have two objectives: R0 resection and clearance of the lymph nodes.
Cavallaro, Andrea; Piccolo, Gaetano; Panebianco, Vincenzo; Menzo, Emanuele Lo; Berretta, Massimiliano; Zanghi, Antonio; Vita, Maria Di; Cappellani, Alessandro
Left-sided gallbladder: an incidental finding on laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Transposition of the gallbladder to the left side without situs inversus viscerum is rare. These gallbladders are situated under the left lobe of the liver between Segment III and IV or on Segment III to the left of the falciform ligament. This is a report of a 50-year-old woman who was admitted to our department with a history of pain in her right upper abdomen. The physical examination showed tenderness in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen without a Murphy's sign. Abdominal ultrasonography showed gall bladder stones without dilatation of the bile ducts. The patient underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy using the French position and four ports positioned as usual. We discovered a left-sided gallbladder located on the left of the round ligament. The gallbladder was excised as usual. Intraoperative cholangiogram showed neither dilatation of the bile ducts nor associated congenital anomalies of the biliary tree. The patient was discharged on the first postoperative day. Because routine preoperative examinations may not detect the anomaly, the latter may take surgeons by surprise during laparoscopy. Awareness of the unpredictable confluence of the cystic duct into the common bile duct and selective use of intraoperative cholangiography both contributed to the safe laparoscopic management of this unusual problem. PMID:22720865
Makni, Amin; Magherbi, Houcine; Ksantini, Rachid; Rebai, Wael; Safta, Zoubeir Ben
[Relation of pre-operative ecography to laparoscopic cholecystectomy difficulty at the Central Military Hospital].
This study included 62 patients diagnosed with known vesicular disease, who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy between August 1999 and March 2000, at the Central Military Hospital. Those patients showing alterations in the hepatic function tests and dilatation of the biliary tract in the pre-operative echography were excluded from the study. The patients selected were subjected to evaluation of the echographic parameters one day before the surgery in order to determine the vesicular volume and ejection fraction. The maximum ejection fraction was calculated as the difference between the fasting gastric volume and the residual volume, in the fasting volume percentage. We evaluated the above-mentioned operative parameters one day following the laparoscopic cholecystectomy, using a visual analog scale (VAS) for evaluation of the surgical difficulty and bleeding during surgery. The surgery duration was measured in minutes. Subsequently, the pre-operative echographic parameters, excluding the ballstone parameter in the main biliary tract, were related to the surgery parameters, obtaining the following results: -The pre-operative echographic parameters, thickness of the vesicular wall and vesicular ejection fraction, are the best indicators of surgical difficulty in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. -The pre-operative echographic parameter, vesicular ejection fraction <50% and vesicular wall thickness = 3 mm are indicators of larger bleeding during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. -The pre-operative echographic parameter, vesicular ejection fraction in gallbladder indicates prolongation of surgery duration in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. -Finally, our study supports the use of echography as a useful diagnosis mean in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and which can predict, through some of its echographic parameters, cases with technical difficulty, bleeding during surgery and prolongation of surgery time in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. PMID:12098742
Pinto Paz, Mirian Elizabeth
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in situs inversus-our experience of 6 cases.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the standard procedure for symptomatic gall stone disease. Situs inversus is a condition where the visceral anatomy is reversed. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a patient of situs inversus is a technically difficult procedure. Six patients of situs inversus underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy from January 2003 to December 2009. In the first patient of situs inversus, we operated by placing the ports in mirror image fashion as that of standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy. However in next five patients we modified the technique by interchanging the epigastric and left mid clavicular line ports to overcome the problem of handedness. The procedure was successfully completed in all six patients. No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred. The mean operating time was 65�mins (45-85�mins). Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is safe in patients of situs inversus. However, extreme care and skill is required to identify the reversed anatomy and to overcome the problem of handedness. Interchanging the epigastric and left mid clavicular line ports makes the procedure easier. PMID:21966139
Patle, Nirmal M; Tantia, Om; Sasmal, Prakash Kumar; Khanna, Shashi; Sen, Bimalendu
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in England and Wales: results of an audit by the Royal College of Surgeons of England.
The results of an audit of open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy conducted by the Comparative Audit Service of The Royal College of Surgeons of England are presented. Data were submitted by 124 consultant surgeons on 3319 attempted laparoscopic and by 227 consultant surgeons on 8035 open cholecystectomies performed in England and Wales during the 2 years 1990 and 1991. These were contrasted with 9322 attempted laparoscopic cholecystectomies reported in 21 series reported in the world literature between 1991 and 1992, and with five other nations' audit studies. Among attempted laparoscopic cases, conversion to an open procedure was necessary in 175/3319 (5.2%) of cases and overall mortality was 0.15% (5/3319). Major complications were reported in 2.1% and minor complications in 5.9% of cases. Bile duct injury was reported to be significantly more common after attempted laparoscopic cholecystectomy (11/3319, 0.33%) than after open cholecystectomy (4/8035, 0.06%) (95% confidence intervals -0.48 to 0.08), but it was not significantly different from that reported for laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the combined world literature (28/9322, 0.3%) (95% confidence intervals -0.19 to 0.25). Most systemic complications were significantly more common after open cholecystectomy. For open cholecystectomy, the mortality was 55/8035 (0.76%), with major complications reported in 3.2% and minor complications in 9.8% of patients. Adoption of the laparoscopic approach was associated with a four-fifths reduction in the mortality of cholecystectomy, and a 40% reduction in the overall complication rate when compared with the open operation. While laparoscopic cholecystectomy has an impressively low mortality and morbidity profile during the first 2 years of its introduction into the UK, prevention of bile duct injury is the most important issue to be addressed in all laparoscopic cholecystectomy training programmes.
Dunn, D.; Nair, R.; Fowler, S.; McCloy, R.
A prospective review of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in Brunei.
Brunei has a small population and a unique medical setup: The number of laparoscopic cholecystectomies (LCs) performed in our institution represents the total number of cases performed in this country. A prospective analysis of all the LCs performed in Brunei is presented. All 220 LCs performed between February 1, 1992, and November 30, 1996, were prospectively recorded on a detailed protocol. Analyses were made with respect to preoperative patient demography, intraoperative complications, and postoperative morbidity and mortality. Symptomatic gallstone disease was found to be common among the ethnic Nepalese population. In this series, nine patients required conversion to open surgery (4%). Acute cholecystitis comprised 21% of cases, and the mean operating time was longer in these cases (144.1 min) than in elective cases (101.2 min; P = 0.002). The overall morbidity was 5% with one ductal injury (0.5%). The mortality rate in this series was 0.5%. Our results of LC are favorable and comparable with those of published series. We conclude that LC has been successfully introduced into our institution. This study also represents an unofficial audit of the state of development of LC in Brunei. PMID:9566565
Kok, K Y; Mathew, V V; Tan, K K; Yapp, S K
A systematic review of interventions to facilitate ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Objectives We aimed to perform a systematic review of the literature to identify interventions that may facilitate ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Methods The PubMed and CENTRAL databases were interrogated for key MeSH headings. To be eligible for systematic review, trials were required to include outcome measures of postoperative pain, nausea or vomiting and time to discharge following LC. Interventions were subsequently assessed for the level of evidence and grade of recommendation given. Results A total of 331 trials were identified, 68 of which met the predefined study inclusion criteria. Interventions which met Level I, Grade A recommendation included the administration of 8 mg i.v. dexamethasone, preoperative administration of analgesia including the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory or COX II inhibitors, intraoperative use of an anti-emetic, pre-incisional use of bupivacaine, administration of intraperitoneal bupivacaine on establishment of pneumoperitoneum, and avoidance of drains. Conclusions High-quality evidence describing interventions that minimize barriers to ambulatory LC exists. Further studies will be required to determine the optimal combination of these interventions.
Ahn, Yeri; Woods, Jennifer; Connor, Saxon
An audit of ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a Singapore institution: are we ready for day-case laparoscopic cholecystectomy?
Background. Day-Case laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is practiced in many countries. However, this has yet to be widely accepted in Singapore. This study aims to determine the potential success rate of day-case LC in our institution. Patient and methods. We retrospectively assessed the proportion of our Ambulatory Surgery 23 hour (AS23) LC patients that met discharge criteria. Our proposed same-day discharge criteria include minimal pain, ability to tolerate feeds, ambulate independently and void spontaneously after 6�8 hours of monitoring. Results. From January 2005 to December 2006, of 405 patients listed for elective LC, 84% of patients were admitted to our AS23 ward. Patients with previous biliary sepsis or pancreatitis or who need laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) were included. The other 66 were admitted as inpatient. Forty-one of them were admitted due to conversion. A history of cholecystitis or cholangitis was a significant predictor of conversion to open surgery (OR=5.73 and 5.74 respectively, p<0.001). Of the 339 patients, 66% of them fulfilled all four criteria within eight hours of monitoring. Therefore, based on an intention-to-treat analysis, 51.2% fulfilled all four criteria and could potentially be discharged the same day. No predictor for failure was identified, including presence of co-morbidities, duration of operation, surgeon's grade and additional procedures like LCBDE. Conclusion. Using our current inclusion criteria, we projected a success rate of at least 50% with the implementation of day-case LC. With the attendant advantages of cost savings and reduced resource utilization, it is therefore worthwhile to start it in Singapore.
Chieh Kow, Alfred Wei; Tan, Amanda; Chan, Siew Pang; Lee, Sow Fong; Chan, Chung Yip; Liau, Kui Hin
Preemptive use of gabapentin significantly decreases postoperative pain and rescue analgesic requirements in laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Purpose��To evaluate the comparative preemptive effects of gabapentin and tramadol on postoperative pain and fentanyl requirement in\\u000a laparoscopic cholecystectomy.\\u000a \\u000a \\u000a \\u000a Methods��Four hundred fifty-nine ASA I and II patients were randomly assigned to receive 300 mg gabapentin, 100 mg tramadol or placebo\\u000a in a double-blind manner two hours before laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. Postoperatively, patients�\\u000a pain scores were recorded on a
Chandra Kant Pandey; Shio Priye; Surendra Singh; Uttam Singh; Ram Badan Singh; Prabhat Kumar Singh
Isolated Right Segmental Hepatic Duct Injury Following Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Purpose. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the treatment of choice for gallstones. There is an increased incidence of bile duct injuries in LC compared with the open technique. Isolated right segmental hepatic duct injury (IRSHDI) represents a challenge not only for management but also for diagnosis. We present our experience in the management of IRSHDI, with long-term follow-up after treatment by a multidisciplinary approach. Methods. Twelve consecutive patients (9 women, mean age 48 years) were identified as having IRSHDI. Patients' demographics, clinical presentation, management and outcome were collected for analysis. The mean follow-up was 44 months (range 2-90 months). Results. Three patients had the LC immediately converted to open surgery without repair of the biliary injury before referral. Treatments before referral included endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), percutaneous drainage and surgery, isolated or in combination. The median interval from LC to referral was 32 days. Eleven patients presented with biliary leak and biloma, one with obstruction of an isolated right hepatic segment. Post-referral management of the biliary lesion used a combination of ERCP stenting, percutaneous drainage and stent placement and surgery. In 6 of 12 patients ERCP was the first procedure, and in only one case was IRSHDI identified. In 6 patients, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) was performed first and an isolated right hepatic segment was demonstrated in all. The final treatment modality was endoscopic management and/or percutaneous drainage and stenting in 6 patients, and surgery in 6. The mean follow-up was 44 months. No mortality or significant morbidity was observed. Conclusion. Successful management of IRSHDI after LC requires adequate identification of the lesion, and multidisciplinary treatment is necessary. Half of the patients can be treated successfully by nonsurgical procedures.
Perini, Rafael F. [Medical University of South Carolina, Division of Gastroenterology (United States); Uflacker, Renan [University of South Carolina, Division of Interventional Radiology (United States)], E-mail: email@example.com; Cunningham, John T. [Medical University of South Carolina, Division of Gastroenterology (United States); Selby, J. Bayne [University of South Carolina, Division of Interventional Radiology (United States); Adams, David [University of South Carolina, Division of GI Surgery (United States)
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acute gallstone pancreatitis in index hospital admission: feasibility and safety
Background and Objective: Acute gallstone pancreatitis is quite common throughout the globe. Conventionally definitive cholecystectomy has been delayed in index hospital admission. Since the last decade timing of cholecystectomy is gradually shifting towards the earlier phase of disease and currently gallstone pancreatitis is being evaluated as a further indication for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. There is also great concern regarding compliance of patients for definitive surgery due to poverty, ignorance and illiteracy in developing countries. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic cholecystectomy as a definitive treatment in patients with mild and resolving gall stone pancreatitis. Methods: This was a prospective study from July 2009 to June 2012. Patients were diagnosed by clinical examination, biochemical tests, ultrasonography and contrast enhanced CT. Patients with mild form of the disease (Ranson Score ?3) and who showed clinical improvement were offered laparoscopic cholecystectomy in index hospital admission. Those who were unfit for surgery were referred for endoscopic sphincterotomy. Common bile duct stones were excluded preoperatively. Results: A total of 38 patients were admitted with acute gallstone pancreatitis in the study period. The mean age of patients was 46.3 years with male to female ratio of 11/27. 22 (57.8%) patients were selected for laparoscopic cholecystectomy and procedure was completed successfully. Ten (26.3%) patients were referred for ERCP and endoscopic sphincterotomy and 11 (28.9%) were managed by conservative treatment and went without any definitive treatment. Mean duration of time from onset of symptoms and laparoscopic cholecystectomy was 7 days (range 4-10). Mean duration of operative time was 45 minutes and hospital stay was 7 days. There was no operative mortality. No major intra-operative or post-operative complication was recorded. two patients (9%) had minor complications. Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be safely performed in selected cases of mild gallstone pancreatitis in order to prevent further attacks of acute pancreatitis and other consequences of delayed treatment. Furthermore it resolves the problem of noncompliance of patients in third world countries where many patients are lost for definitive treatment.
Sangrasi, Ahmed Khan; Syed, BM; Memon, Amir Iqbal; Laghari, Abdul Aziz; Talpur, K. Altaf Hussain; Qureshi, Jawaid Naeem
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acute gallstone pancreatitis in index hospital admission: feasibility and safety.
Background and Objective: Acute gallstone pancreatitis is quite common throughout the globe. Conventionally definitive cholecystectomy has been delayed in index hospital admission. Since the last decade timing of cholecystectomy is gradually shifting towards the earlier phase of disease and currently gallstone pancreatitis is being evaluated as a further indication for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. There is also great concern regarding compliance of patients for definitive surgery due to poverty, ignorance and illiteracy in developing countries. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic cholecystectomy as a definitive treatment in patients with mild and resolving gall stone pancreatitis. Methods: This was a prospective study from July 2009 to June 2012. Patients were diagnosed by clinical examination, biochemical tests, ultrasonography and contrast enhanced CT. Patients with mild form of the disease (Ranson Score ?3) and who showed clinical improvement were offered laparoscopic cholecystectomy in index hospital admission. Those who were unfit for surgery were referred for endoscopic sphincterotomy. Common bile duct stones were excluded preoperatively. Results: A total of 38 patients were admitted with acute gallstone pancreatitis in the study period. The mean age of patients was 46.3 years with male to female ratio of 11/27. 22 (57.8%) patients were selected for laparoscopic cholecystectomy and procedure was completed successfully. Ten (26.3%) patients were referred for ERCP and endoscopic sphincterotomy and 11 (28.9%) were managed by conservative treatment and went without any definitive treatment. Mean duration of time from onset of symptoms and laparoscopic cholecystectomy was 7 days (range 4-10). Mean duration of operative time was 45 minutes and hospital stay was 7 days. There was no operative mortality. No major intra-operative or post-operative complication was recorded. two patients (9%) had minor complications. Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be safely performed in selected cases of mild gallstone pancreatitis in order to prevent further attacks of acute pancreatitis and other consequences of delayed treatment. Furthermore it resolves the problem of noncompliance of patients in third world countries where many patients are lost for definitive treatment. PMID:24948988
Sangrasi, Ahmed Khan; Syed, Bm; Memon, Amir Iqbal; Laghari, Abdul Aziz; Talpur, K Altaf Hussain; Qureshi, Jawaid Naeem
Rate of conversion and complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Problems during laparoscopic cholecystectomy include bile duct injury, conversion to open operation, and other postoperative complications. We retrospectively evaluated the causes for conversion and the rate of conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy and assessed the postoperative complications. METHODS: Of 340 patients who presented with symptomatic gall bladder disease over a 2-year period, 290 (85%) patients were evaluated on an elective basis and scheduled for surgery, while the remaining 50 (14.7%) patients were admitted emergently with a diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 41.9 (12.6) years. Conversion to laparotomy occurred in 17 patients (5%). The incidence of complications was 3.2%. The most common complication was postoperative transient pyrexia, which was seen in four patients (1.2%) followed by postoperative wound infection in three patients (0.9%), postoperative fluid collection and bile duct injury in two patients each (0.6%). CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy remains the �gold standard� by which all other treatment modalities are judged. Conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy should be based on the sound clinical judgment of the surgeon and not be due to a lack of individual expertise.
Ghnnam, Wagih; Malek, Jawid; Shebl, Emad; Elbeshry, Turky; Ibrahim, Ahmad
Liver Enzymes Are Commonly Elevated following Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Is Elevated Intra-Abdominal Pressure the Cause?
Background: A previous study disclosed �unexplained� disturbances in postoperative liver function tests (LFTs) in up to 80% of 67 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). No cause for these elevations was documented. Our objective was to assess the incidence, cause and clinical significance of �unexplained� disturbances in liver enzymes following LC. Patients and Methods: A retrospective chart review of 270 patients
Valeriu E. Andrei; Moshe Schein; Marc Margolis; James C. Rucinski; Leslie Wise
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with hepatic cirrhosis: a five-year experience.
Our institution is a tertiary referral center that specializes in hepatobiliary surgery. To evaluate the safety, efficacy, and conversion rate of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with hepatic cirrhosis, we conducted a retrospective analysis of all cirrhotic patients undergoing attempted laparoscopic cholecystectomy during the period from 1991 to 1996. The diagnosis of cirrhosis was made on the basis of either a preoperative history, a liver biopsy, or the surgeon's operative description of the liver. All patients had early, well-compensated cirrhosis (Child's class A or B). A total of 30 patients underwent attempted laparoscopic cholecystectomy and five patients were converted to an open procedure (17%). The conversion rate for elective cases was 5% compared with 36% for urgent procedures. Two patients were converted because of varices and three because of unclear anatomy. No patients were converted because of bleeding. There were no operative deaths. The complication rate for elective procedures was 16%, with an average length of stay of 2.1 days, compared with 36% and 4.8 days, respectively, for urgent cases. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with early, well-compensated cirrhosis is safe and should be the treatment of choice for these patients. PMID:10481121
Friel, C M; Stack, J; Forse, A; Babineau, T J
Imaging in laparoscopic cholecystectomy--what a radiologist needs to know.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard treatment option for cholelithiasis. In order to properly assess for the complications related to the procedure, an understanding of the normal biliary anatomy, its variants and the normal postoperative imaging is essential. Radiologist must be aware of benefits and limitations of multiple imaging modalities in characterizing the complications of this procedure as each of these modalities have a critical role in evaluating a symptomatic post-cholecystectomy patient. The purpose of this article is describe the multi-modality imaging of normal biliary anatomy and its variants, as well as to illustrate the imaging features of biliary, vascular, cystic duct, infectious as well as miscellaneous complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. We focus on the information that the radiologist needs to know about the radiographic manifestations of potential complications of this procedure. PMID:24657107
Desai, Naman S; Khandelwal, Ashish; Virmani, Vivek; Kwatra, Neha S; Ricci, Joseph A; Saboo, Sachin S
What necessitates the conversion to open cholecystectomy? A retrospective analysis of 5164 consecutive laparoscopic operations
OBJECTIVE: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has become the gold standard for the surgical treatment of gallbladder disease, but conversion to open cholecystectomy is still inevitable in certain cases. Knowledge of the rate and impact of the underlying reasons for conversion could help surgeons during preoperative assessment and improve the informed consent of patients. We decided to review the rate and causes of conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy. METHOD: This study included all laparoscopic cholecystectomies due to gallstone disease undertaken from May 1999 to June 2010. The exclusion criteria were malignancy and/or existence of gallbladder polyps detected pathologically. Patient demographics, indications for cholecystectomy, concomitant diseases, and histories of previous abdominal surgery were collected. The rate of conversion to open cholecystectomy, the underlying reasons for conversion, and postoperative complications were also analyzed. RESULTS: Of 5382 patients for whom LC was attempted, 5164 were included this study. The overall rate of conversion to open cholecystectomy was 3.16% (163 patients). There were 84 male and 79 female patients; the mean age was 52.04 years (range: 26�85). The conversion rates in male and female patients were 5.6% and 2.2%, respectively (p<0.001). The most common reasons for conversion were severe adhesions caused by tissue inflammation (97 patients) and fibrosis of Calot's triangle (12 patients). The overall postoperative morbidity rate was found to be 16.3% in patients who were converted to open surgery. CONCLUSION: Male gender was found to be the only statistically significant risk factor for conversion in our series. LC can be safely performed with a conversion rate of less than 5% in all patient groups.
Genc, Volkan; Sulaimanov, Marlen; Cipe, Gokhan; Basceken, Salim Ilksen; Erverdi, Nezih; Gurel, Mehmet; Aras, Nusret; Hazinedaroglu, Selcuk M
Does dexmedetomidine reduce postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy with multimodal analgesia?
Background Pain after laparoscopy is multifactorial and different treatments have been proposed to provide pain relief. Multimodal analgesia is now recommended to prevent and treat post-laparoscopy pain. Dexmedetomidine, an ?2 agonist, has well-known anesthetic and analgesic-sparing effects. We evaluated the analgesic effect of perioperative dexmedetomidine infusion during laparoscopic cholecystectomy with multimodal analgesia. Methods Forty-two patients aged 20 to 60 years old were allocated randomly into one of 2 groups (n = 21, in each). All patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy under multimodal analgesia. The patients in group P received dexmedetomidine 1 �g/kg during 10 min before induction and then 0.5 �g/kg/h continuously until the removal of the gall bladder while the patients in the group C received saline by the same methods as group P. Total analgesic consumption and VAS score were recorded for the first 24 hr. Results There were no significant differences in VAS scores between group P and group C during 24 hr after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. VAS scores of group P were lower than that of group C during the 1st hr after operation. The amount of ketorolac required during the 24 hr after the operation was significantly less in group P compared to group C. Conclusions The administration of dexmedetomidine during laparoscopic cholecystectomy with multimodal analgesia has minimal benefits on the reduction of the postoperative pain score. The amount of ketorolac requirements during 24 hr after the operation showed significant difference. Dexmedetomidine might be helpful for the postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy with multimodal analgesia.
Park, Jung-Kyu; Cheong, Soon Ho; Lee, Kun Moo; Lee, Jeong Han; Cho, Kwangrae; Kim, Myoung-Hun; Kim, Hyun-Tae
Proficiency-based virtual reality training significantly reduces the error rate for residents during their first 10 laparoscopic cholecystectomies
BackgroundVirtual reality (VR) training has been shown previously to improve intraoperative performance during part of a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of proficiency-based VR training on the outcome of the first 10 entire cholecystectomies performed by novices.
Gunnar Ahlberg; Lars Enochsson; Anthony G. Gallagher; Leif Hedman; Christian Hogman; David A. McClusky; Stig Ramel; C. Daniel Smith; Dag Arvidsson
Delayed presentation of ilio-iliac arteriovenous fistula following laparoscopic cholecystectomy treated with percutaneous graft-covered stent placement.
Major vascular injuries during laparoscopic cholecystectomy are rare, usually readily apparent, and immediately treated. We report a case of delayed presentation of a retroperitoneal vascular injury. The patient presented with abdominal pain and increasing edema of the lower extremities 1 year after laparoscopic cholecystectomy and was found to have an ilio-iliac arteriovenous fistula. Endovascular treatment was accomplished using a graft-covered polytetrafluoroethylene stent. The patient remained free of symptoms at 1-year follow-up. PMID:16108748
Karigiannis, Michael; Pavlidis, George; Papageorgiou, George; Feretis, Christos; Stamou, Konstantinos M; Vlachopoulos, Panayotis
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in situs inversus totalis: Feasibility and review of literature
INTRODUCTION Situs inversus totalis is a rare anomaly characterized by transposition of organs to the opposite site of the body. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in those patients is technically more demanding and needs reorientation of visual-motor skills to left upper quadrant. PRESENTATION OF CASE Herein, we report a 10 year old boy presented with left hypochondrium and epigastric pain 2 months duration. The patient had not been diagnosed as situs inversus totalis before. The patient exhibit a left sided �Murphy's sign�. Diagnosis of situs inversus totalis was confirmed with ultrasound, computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonant image (MRI) with presence of multiple gall bladder stones with no intra or extrabiliary duct dilatation. The patient underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis. DISCUSSION Feasibility and technical difficulty in diagnosis and treatment of such case pose challenge problem due to the contra lateral disposition of the viscera. Difficulty is encountered in skelatonizing the structures in Calot's triangle, which consume extra time than normally located gall bladder. A summary of additional 50 similar cases reported up to date in the medical literature is also presented. CONCLUSION Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is feasible and should be done in situs inversus totalis by experienced laparoscopic surgeon, as changes in anatomical disposition of organ not only influence the localization of symptoms and signs arising from a diseased organ but also imposes special demands on the diagnosis and surgical skills of the surgeon.
Salama, Ibrahim Abdelkader; Abdullah, Mohammed Hussein; Houseni, Mohammed
Retroperitoneal Abscess Formation as a Result of Spilled Gallstones during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: An Unusual Case Report
One of the complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallstone disease that seems to exceed that of the traditional open method is the gallbladder perforation and gallstone spillage. Its incidence can occur in up to 40% of patients, and in most cases its course is uneventful. However in few cases an abdominal abscess can develop, which may lead to significant morbidity. Rarely an abscess formation due to spilled and lost gallstones may occur in the retroperitoneal space. We herein report the case of a female patient who presented with clinical symptoms of sepsis six months following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Imaging investigations revealed the presence of a retroperitoneal abscess due to retained gallstones. Due to patient's decision to refuse abscess's surgical drainage, she underwent CT-guided drainage. The 24-month followup of the patient has been uneventful, and the patient remains in good general condition.
Chatzimavroudis, Grigoris; Atmatzidis, Stefanos; Papaziogas, Basilis; Galanis, Ioannis; Koutelidakis, Ioannis; Doulias, Triantafyllos; Christopoulos, Petros; Papadakis, George; Atmatzidis, Konstantinos; Makris, John
The analgesic effect of the ultrasound-guided transverse abdominis plane block after laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Background Several methods are performed to control the pain after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Recently, the transverse abdominis plane block has been proposed to compensate for the problems developed by preexisting methods. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of the ultrasound-guided transverse abdominis plane block (US-TAP block) and compare efficacy according to the concentration of local analgesics in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods Fifty-four patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomized into three groups. The patients in Group Control did not receive the US-TAP block. The patients in Group B0.25 and Group B0.5 received the US-TAP block with 0.25% and 0.5% levobupivacaine 30 ml respectively. After the general anesthesia, a bilateral US-TAP block was performed using an in-plane technique with 15 ml levobupivacaine on each side. Intraoperative use of remifentanil and postoperative demand of rescue analgesics in PACU were recorded. The postoperative verbal numerical rating scale (VNRS) was evaluated at 20, 30, and 60 min, and 6, 12, and 24 hr. Postoperative complications, including pneumoperitoneum, bleeding, infection, and sleep disturbance, were also checked. Results The intraoperative use of remifentanil, postoperative VNRS and the postoperative demand of rescue analgesics were lower in the groups receiving the US-TAP block (Group B0.25 and Group B0.5) than Group Control. There were no statistically or clinically significant differences between Group B0.25 and Group B0.5. No complications related to the US-TAP block were observed. Conclusions The US-TAP block with 0.25% or 0.5% levobupivacaine 30 ml (15 ml on each side) significantly reduced postoperative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Ra, Yoon Suk; Lee, Guie Yong; Han, Jong In
The outcome of unretrieved gallstones in the peritoneal cavity during laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Background: Gallbladder perforation during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) with spillage of bile and gallstones occurs in a substantial\\u000a number of patients (up to 40%). Most surgeons believe that free intraperitoneal stones are not a justification for conversion\\u000a to laparotomy even if a large number of stones are left in situ. There are, however, a number of reports demonstrating that, on occasion,
M. A. Memon; R. K. Deeik; T. R. Maffi
Combination therapy of laparoscopic cholecystectomy and endoscopic transpapillary lithotripsy for both cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis
Summary��This report describes five patients with cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis who were treated by combination endoscopic\\u000a extraction of common bile-duct stones with sphincterotomy (EST) and laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Following this combination\\u000a procedure the patients were relieved completely of obstructive jaundice and right upper quadrant pain, leaving only small\\u000a trocar insertion scars made during the short course of hospitalization. The combination therapy
Haruhiro Inoue; Yukihiko Muraoka; Yoshio Kobori; Rie Hirata; Kimiya Takeshita; Narihide Goseki; Hideo Yoneshima; Mitsuo Endo
Incision extension is the optimal method of difficult gallbladder extraction at laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Summary��An unsolved problem of laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the optimal method of removing the gallbladder with thick walls and\\u000a a large stone burden. Proposed solutions include fascial dilatation, stone crushing, and ultrasonic, high-speed rotary, or\\u000a laser lithotripsy. Our observation was that extension of the fascial incision to remove the impacted gallbladder was time\\u000a efficient and did not increase postoperative pain. We
Brock M. Bordelon; Kimberly Ann Hobday; John G. Hunter
Intraperitoneal use of local anesthetic in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: systematic review and metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials
Background\\/purpose��With the advent of minimally invasive gallbladder surgery, and now with natural orifice techniques emerging, visceral nociception\\u000a has been neglected as a cause of postoperative pain. A systematic review and metaanalysis was carried out to investigate the\\u000a use of intraperitoneal local anesthetic (IPLA) in order to assess its role in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). The aim of\\u000a this systematic review was
Arman Kahokehr; Tarik Sammour; Mattias Soop; Andrew G. Hill
Hemobilia as a result of right hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm rupture: An unusual complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy?
INTRODUCTION Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has many complications which may be seen due to anatomical variations, lack of experience of the surgeon or three dimensional visualization, or insufficient exposure of the surgical field; including vascular injuries. Here we present a case of pseudoaneurysm of the right hepatic artery leading to hemobilia after rupturing into the biliary system. PRESENTATION OF CASE A 43-year-old male patient presented to our clinic 3 weeks post laparoscopic cholecystectomy with right upper quadrant pain, melena and hematemesis. After stabilizing the patient, Doppler ultrasonography, abdominal computer tomography and selective right hepatic artery angiography were performed and a pseudoaneurysm was established on the anterior posterior bifurcation of right hepatic artery. Right hepatic artery ligation and a T-tube placement after choledocotomy were performed. The patient recovered completely. DISCUSSION Pseudoaneurysms of the hepatic artery may arise as a complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Clip encroachments, mechanical or thermal injury during the procedure are likely to be precipitating factors. Today, transarterial embolization (TAE) is the gold standard for the management of hemobilia, and if it fails, the next step in management is surgical. Surgery is limited to extra-hepatic or gallbladder bleeding, and for TAE failure. CONCLUSION In cases of GI bleeding the awareness of the surgeon should be drawn to a clinical suspicion of hemobilia and an underlying hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm that can arise as a complication. CT angiography should be performed for early diagnosis and management in such patients.
Rencuzogullari, Ahmet; Okoh, Alexis K.; Akcam, Tolga A.; Roach, Emir Charles; Dalci, Kubilay; Ulku, Abdullah
Efficacy of perioperative parecoxib injection on postoperative pain relief after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A prospective, randomized study
AIM: To determine the efficacy of perioperative parecoxib injection on postoperative pain relief after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS: A prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study was conducted on 70 patients who underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia at Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, from January 2006 to December 2007. Patients were randomized to receive either 20 mg parecoxib infusion 30 min before induction of anesthesia and at 12 h after the first dose (treatment group), or normal saline infusion, in the same schedule, as a placebo (control group). The degree of the postoperative pain was assessed every 3 h in the first 24 h after surgery, and then every 12 h the following day, using a visual analog scale. The consumption of analgesics was also recorded. RESULTS: There were 40 patients in the treatment group, and 30 patients in the control group. The pain scores at each time point, and analgesic consumption did not differ between the two groups. However, there were fewer patients in the treatment group than placebo group who required opioid infusion within the first 24 h (60% vs 37%, P = 0.053). CONCLUSION: Perioperative administration of parecoxib provided no significant effect on postoperative pain relief after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. However, preoperative infusion 20 mg parecoxib could significantly reduce the postoperative opioid consumption.
Akaraviputh, Thawatchai; Leelouhapong, Charay; Lohsiriwat, Varut; Aroonpruksakul, Somkiat
Incidental gall bladder carcinoma in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a report of 6 cases and a review of the literature.
Background: Gall bladder carcinoma accounts for 98% of all the gall bladder malignancies and it is the sixth most common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract worldwide. The incidence of incidental gall bladder carcinoma which is diagnosed during or after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy is reported to be around 0.19-3.3% in the literature.Aim: This study was aimed at detecting the incidence of gall bladder carcinomas which were diagnosed incidentally during or after laparoscopic cholecystectomies which were done for gall stone disease and cholecystitis.Materials and Methods: We analyzed the medical records of patients with symptomatic gallstone disease and acute or chronic cholecystitis, who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomies at the Hakeem Abdul Hameed Centenary Hospital during the period from January 2007 to June 2012.Results: A total of 622 laparoscopic cholecystectomies were performed at our institute during the study period of five and a half years. In 6 (0.96%) cases, incidental carcinomas of the gallbladder were discovered.Conclusion: A laparoscopic cholecystectomy which is performed for benign gall bladder disease rarely results in a diagnosis of unexpected gallbladder cancer. The microscopic examination of the specimens, with special attention to the depth of invasion, range of the mucosal spread and the lymphovascular involvement, is critical in diagnosing the incidental malignancies as well as for the subsequent management of the cases. PMID:23449518
Sujata, Jetley; S, Rana; Sabina, Khan; Mj, Hassan; Jairajpuri, Zeeba Shamim
The Case for Standardisation of the Management of Gallstones Spilled and not Retrieved at Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
INTRODUCTION This observational study was carried out to establish how surgeons performing laparoscopic cholecystectomy currently deal with the issue of spilled gallstones. MATERIALS AND METHODS A questionnaire was circulated amongst laparoscopic surgeons attending the annual conference of the Association of Laparoscopic Surgery of Great Britain and Ireland in November 2006. RESULTS Eighty-two surgeons completed the questionnaire. Only half of surgeons inform patients when gallstones are spilled. Less than 30% of surgeons inform general practitioners (GPs) of this complication, when it occurs. Less than a quarter of surgeons include this information in the consent literature provided to patients. CONCLUSIONS We recommend that trusts review their policy towards spilled stones either by local audit or adopt the guidance given by the UK Healthcare Commission. While some surgeons feel informing patients and GPs may unnecessarily heighten anxiety from an uncommon complication, our review of the literature suggests this position is not tenable in the current medicolegal climate.
Mullerat, J; Cooper, K; Box, B; Soin, B
Gallbladder-associated ectopic liver: A rare finding during a laparoscopic cholecystectomy
INTRODUCTION Ectopic hepatic tissue is due to an uncommon failure of embryological liver development that is rarely described in the world medical literature. The incidence of ectopic liver (EL) has been reported to be anywhere from 0.24% to 0.47% as diagnosed at laparotomy or laparoscopy. We describe a case of EL adherent to the gallbladder, removed at laparoscopic cholecystectomy. PRESENTATION OF CASE A 37-year-old female was admitted for elective cholecystectomy having had an episode of acute cholecystitis provoked by gallstones. During the procedure, a 30�mm�נ10�mm�נ5�mm section of EL tissue attached to the anterior wall of the gallbladder was identified and removed by en-bloc excision during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Histological examination confirmed the absence of malignant degeneration of the hepatic tissue. The patient recovered well postoperatively and was discharged the day after the operation. She was well when seen six months later. DISCUSSION EL has been reported in several sites, such as the gallbladder, gastrohepatic ligament, adrenal glands, esophagus, and thoracic cavity. EL is often clinically silent and discovered incidentally during abdominal surgical procedures or autopsies. Because patients with ectopic liver may suffer complications such as torsion, peritoneal bleeding, fatty change, and evolution to cirrhosis or malignant degeneration to hepatocellular carcinoma, any ectopic liver tissue needs to be correctly identified and removed. CONCLUSION Despite the rare occurrence of EL, it should be recognized and removed by the surgeon to prevent a higher risk of complications and malignant transformation.
Martinez, Carlos Augusto Real; de Resende, Herminio Cabral; Rodrigues, Murilo Rocha; Sato, Daniela Tiemi; Brunialti, Cyntia Viegas; Palma, Rogerio Tadeu
Pain Management after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy-A Randomized Prospective Trial of Low Pressure and Standard Pressure Pneumoperitoneum
Background: Abdominal pain and shoulder tip pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy are distressing for the patient. Various causes of this pain are peritoneal stretching and diaphragmatic irritation by high intra-abdominal pressure caused by pneumoperitoneum . We designed a study to compare the post operative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy at low pressure (7-8 mm of Hg) and standard pressure technique (12-14 mm of Hg). Aim : To compare the effect of low pressure and standard pressure pneumoperitoneum in post laparoscopic cholecystectomy pain . Further to study the safety of low pressure pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Settings and Design: A prospective randomised double blind study. Materials and Methods: A prospective randomised double blind study was done in 100 ASA grade I & II patients. They were divided into two groups -50 each. Group A patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy with low pressure pneumoperitoneum (7-8 mm Hg) while group B underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy with standard pressure pneumoperitoneum (12-13 mm Hg). Both the groups were compared for pain intensity, analgesic requirement and complications. Statistical Analysis: Demographic data and intraoperative complications were analysed using chi-square test. Frequency of pain, intensity of pain and analgesics consumption was compared by applying ANOVA test. Results: Post-operative pain score was significantly less in low pressure group as compared to standard pressure group. Number of patients requiring rescue analgesic doses was more in standard pressure group . This was statistically significant. Also total analgesic consumption was more in standard pressure group. There was no difference in intraoperative complications. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the use of simple expedient of reducing the pressure of pneumoperitoneum to 8 mm results in reduction in both intensity and frequency of post-operative pain and hence early recovery and better outcome.This study also shows that low pressure technique is safe with comparable rate of intraoperative complications.
Singla, Sanjeev; Mittal, Geeta; Raghav; Mittal, Rajinder K
Pain management after laparoscopic cholecystectomy-a randomized prospective trial of low pressure and standard pressure pneumoperitoneum.
Background: Abdominal pain and shoulder tip pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy are distressing for the patient. Various causes of this pain are peritoneal stretching and diaphragmatic irritation by high intra-abdominal pressure caused by pneumoperitoneum . We designed a study to compare the post operative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy at low pressure (7-8 mm of Hg) and standard pressure technique (12-14 mm of Hg). Aim : To compare the effect of low pressure and standard pressure pneumoperitoneum in post laparoscopic cholecystectomy pain . Further to study the safety of low pressure pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Settings and Design: A prospective randomised double blind study. Materials and Methods: A prospective randomised double blind study was done in 100 ASA grade I & II patients. They were divided into two groups -50 each. Group A patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy with low pressure pneumoperitoneum (7-8 mm Hg) while group B underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy with standard pressure pneumoperitoneum (12-13 mm Hg). Both the groups were compared for pain intensity, analgesic requirement and complications. Statistical Analysis: Demographic data and intraoperative complications were analysed using chi-square test. Frequency of pain, intensity of pain and analgesics consumption was compared by applying ANOVA test. Results: Post-operative pain score was significantly less in low pressure group as compared to standard pressure group. Number of patients requiring rescue analgesic doses was more in standard pressure group . This was statistically significant. Also total analgesic consumption was more in standard pressure group. There was no difference in intraoperative complications. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the use of simple expedient of reducing the pressure of pneumoperitoneum to 8 mm results in reduction in both intensity and frequency of post-operative pain and hence early recovery and better outcome.This study also shows that low pressure technique is safe with comparable rate of intraoperative complications. PMID:24701492
Singla, Sanjeev; Mittal, Geeta; Raghav; Mittal, Rajinder K
Technical difficulties and its remedies in laparoscopic cholecystectomy in situs inversus totalis: A rare case report
INTRODUCTION Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is considered to be the gold standard surgical procedure for cholelithiasis and is one of the commonest surgical procedures in the world today. However, in rare cases of previously undiagnosed situs inversus totalis (with dextrocardia), the presentation of the cholecystitis, its diagnosis and the operative procedure can pose problems. We present here one such case and discuss how the diagnosis was made and difficulties encountered during surgery and how they were coped with. PRESENTATION OF CASE A 35 year old female presented with left hypochondrium pain and dyspepsia, for 2 years. A diagnosis of cholelithiasis with situs inversus was confirmed after thorough clinical examination, abdominal and chest X-rays and ultrasonography of the abdomen. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which is the standard treatment, was performed with numerous modifications in the positioning of the monitor, insufflator, ports and the position of the members of the surgical team and the laparoscopic instruments. The patient had an uneventful recovery. DISCUSSION Situs inversus totalis is itself a rare condition and when associated with cholelithiasis poses a challenge in the management of the condition. We must appreciate the necessity of setting up the operating theatre, the positioning of the ports, the surgical team and the instruments. CONCLUSION Therefore, it becomes important for the right handed surgeons to modify their techniques and establish a proper hand eye coordination to adapt to the mirror image anatomy of the Calot's triangle in a patient of situs inversus totalis.
Arya, S.V.; Das, Anupam; Singh, Sunil; Kalwaniya, Dheer Singh; Sharma, Ashok; Thukral, B.B.
Techniques and clinical outcomes of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in adult patients with beta-thalassemias.
Beta-thalassemia, which results from a reduced production of beta-globin chain of hemoglobin, is a common single gene disorder with an extremely heterogeneous clinical picture. Its presentation may vary from mild anemia in beta-thalassemia minor to severe and life-threatening anemia in beta-thalassemia major. Recent advances in supportive treatment of beta-thalassemia major have resulted in substantial increase in survival in these patients, and an increasing number of these patients reach adolescence and adulthood. The incidence of cholelithiasis is reported to be increased in these patients. Although laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has become the gold standard treatment of symptomatic gallstone disease, its experience in adult beta-thalassemic patients has been limited. From May 1992 through April 2000, 10 consecutive adult beta-thalassemic patients with symptomatic gallstone underwent LC at our institution. Data were obtained on the type of beta-thalassemia, presentation, preoperative laboratory findings, history of preoperative transfusion, postoperative complications, postoperative analgesic requirement, length of hospital stay, and follow-up. All operations were completed laparoscopically. The mean operative time was 98.5 minutes. The postoperative analgesic requirement was minimal. There was no mortality. One patient developed fever postoperatively due to lung atelectasis that was managed conservatively. The mean hospital stay was 3 days. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is feasible, safe, and effective in the treatment of adult beta-thalassemic patients with symptomatic gallstone disease. Technical adjustments are required when operating on patients with beta-thalassemia major. PMID:12819500
Kok, Kenneth Y Y; Yapp, Samuel K S
Severe wound traction-blisters after inadequate dressing application following laparoscopic cholecystectomy: case report of a preventable complication
Background��The inadequate application of postoperative dressings can lead to significant complications, including skin injuries, compartment\\u000a syndromes, and potential limb loss. To our knowledge, the occurrence of post laparoscopic cholecystectomy related skin complications\\u000a have not yet been reported in the peer-reviewed literature.\\u000a \\u000a \\u000a \\u000a \\u000a Case Presentation��Following laparoscopic cholecystectomy for symptomatic gallstone disease, a seventy eight year old healthy white male broke\\u000a out in
Abayomi L Sanusi
No 72-hour pathological boundary for safe early laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis: a clinicopathological study
Background The pathological boundary of acute cholecystitis (AC) between early edematous and late chronic fibrotic inflammation beyond 72 h is well-described. Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy (ELC) is safe in AC but the timing still remains controversial. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of the duration of symptoms on clinical severity, pathology and outcome in patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) for AC during the urgent admission. Methods A retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database of 61 patients who underwent LC for AC over a 6-month period was performed. Results Of 61 patients 21 (34.43%) received ELC at <72 h and 40 (65.57%) received late LC (LLC) at >72 h. Clinically in the ELC group the majority were mild and in the LLC group the majority were moderate and severe in severity grading as per Tokyo guidelines (P<0.001). Surgical findings and histopathology showed no significant difference in the distribution of simple, phlegmonous and gangrenous cholecystitis between both groups (P=0.94). The majority were completed by a standard four port technique and only one required subtotal cholecystectomy. There was no significant difference between operating time, return to normal activities or hospital stay between both groups. There were no conversions to open cholecystectomy, no wound infections, no intra-abdominal collections, no biliary tract injury or mortality in either group. Conclusions The degree of inflammatory change in AC is not dependent on time. LC can be safely performed in AC regardless of timing with a standardized surgical strategy in experienced units.
Gomes, Rachel M.; Mehta, Niraj T.; Varik, Vanesha; Doctor, Nilesh H.
Clinical results between single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy and conventional 3-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy: prospective case-matched analysis in single institution
Purpose The aim of our study was to compare single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) and conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy (CLC) with respect to clinical outcomes. Methods Patients with less than a 28 body mass index (BMI) and a benign gall bladder disease were enrolled in this study. From January 2011 to February 2012, 30 consecutive patients who underwent SILC were compared with 30 patients who underwent CLC during the same period. In this study, all operations were performed by one surgeon. In each group, patient characteristics and perioperative data were collected. Results There was no significant difference in the preoperative characteristics. There was no significant difference in the postoperative laboratory result (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase), number of conversion and complication cases, and length of hospital stay. The operation time was significantly longer in the SILC group (78.5 � 17.8 minutes in SILC group vs. 34.9 � 5.75 minutes in CLC group, P < 0.0001). The total nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug usage during perioperative period showed significantly higher in SILC groups (162 � 51 mg in the SILC group vs. 138 � 30 mg in the CLC group), but there was no statistically significant difference in opioid usage between two groups. The postoperative pain score was significantly higher in the SILC group at second, third, and tenth postoperative day. Satisfaction of postoperative wound showed superiority in SILC group. Conclusion SILC seems to be an acceptable alternative to CLC with acceptable results. However, it is not enough to propose any real benefits of SILC when compared with CLC in terms of operation time and postoperative pain.
Jung, Gum O; Park, Dong Eun
Routine versus no drain placement after elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Routine drainage of the subhepatic space has been a surgical trend of open cholecystectomy, carried on to the era of laparoscopic surgery without substantial evidence. Avoiding the potentially devastating sequelae of an undetected bile leakage is the main rationale behind this practice. Aim of this meta-analysis was to compare evidence on routine drain placement after laparoscopic cholecystectomy versus no drainage. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted; outcome variables included postoperative pain, subhepatic collection, 30-day morbidity, wound-related complications, and drainage interventions. The fixed- and random effects models were used in order to calculate combined overall effect sizes of pooled data. Data are presented as the odds ratio (OR) or difference in means with 95% confidence interval (CI). Six randomized trials including 1167 patients were identified. Pain scores were significantly higher in the drainage group both at 6-12h (mean difference 1.12, 95% CI 1.01-1.24, P<0.0001) and at 12-24h after surgery (mean difference 1.12, 95% CI 0.86-1.39, P<0.0001). No difference was found with regard to the incidence of subhepatic collection and drainage procedures. A trend in favor of the no drain approach with regard to 30-day morbidity and wound infection was registered, although this was less pronounced after sensitivity analysis. The possible clinical benefit of routine use of abdominal drainage in uncomplicated laparoscopic cholecystectomies requires larger study populations. The approach is however not encouraged on the basis of the present analysis, as it results in increased postoperative pain and overall morbidity. PMID:24970306
Antoniou, S; Koch, O; Antoniou, G; K�hler, G; Chalkiadakis, G; Pointner, R; Granderath, F
Impaired Quality of Life 5 Years After Bile Duct Injury During Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Objective To assess the impact of bile duct injury (BDI) sustained during laparoscopic cholecystectomy on physical and mental quality of life (QOL). Summary Background Data The incidence of BDI during laparoscopic cholecystectomy has decreased but remains as high as 1.4%. Data on the long-term outcome of treatment in these patients are scarce, and QOL after BDI is unknown. Methods One hundred six consecutive patients (75 women, median age 44 � 14 years) were referred between 1990 and 1996 for treatment of BDI sustained during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Outcome was evaluated according to the type of treatment used (endoscopic or surgical) and the type of injury. Objective outcome (interventions, hospital admissions, laboratory data) was evaluated, a questionnaire was filled out, and a QOL survey was performed (using the SF-36). Risk factors for a worse outcome were calculated. Results Median follow-up time was 70 months (range 37�110). The objective outcome of endoscopic treatment (n = 69) was excellent (94%). The result of surgical treatment (n = 31) depended on the timing of reconstruction (overall success 84%; in case of delayed hepaticojejunostomy 94%). Five patients underwent interventional radiology with a good outcome. Despite this excellent objective outcome, QOL appeared to be both physically and mentally reduced compared with controls (P < .05) and was not dependent on the type of treatment used or the severity of the injury. The duration of the treatment was independently prognostic for a worse mental QOL. Conclusions Despite the excellent functional outcome after repair, the occurrence of a BDI has a great impact on the patient�s physical and mental QOL, even at long-term follow-up.
Boerma, Djemila; Rauws, Erik A. J.; Keulemans, Yolande C. A.; Bergman, Jacques J. G. H. M.; Obertop, Huug; Huibregtse, Kees; Gouma, Dirk J.
Clinical significance of drainage tube insertion in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a prospective randomized controlled trial
Background\\/Purpose��We aimed to investigate the appropriateness of inserting an intraperitoneal drainage tube after laparoscopic cholecystectomy\\u000a (LC), based on postoperative pain and clinical courses, in a randomized comparative study.\\u000a \\u000a \\u000a \\u000a Methods��One hundred and twenty patients who were to have LC were enrolled in this prospective randomized study. An 8-mm Penrose drain\\u000a was retained below the liver bed for 42?h in each of
Kazuhisa Uchiyama; Masaji Tani; Manabu Kawai; Hiroshi Terasawa; Takashi Hama; Hiroki Yamaue
Complex pleural effusion associated with a subphrenic gallstone phlegmon following laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
A 90-year-old man presented with a large right-sided complex pleural effusion 4 months after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. An initial thoracic CT scan confirmed the presence of the effusion, and the results of thoracentesis on three separate occasions were consistent with an exudative process. Another CT scan of the chest with thin-section cuts through the diaphragm along with an abdominal ultrasound revealed a retrohepatic subdiaphragmatic gallstone collection that eroded into the right hemidiaphragm. Thoracoscopic evacuation of the phlegmon, removal of the spilled gallstones, and repair of the diaphragm resulted in resolution of the effusion. PMID:8549202
Neumeyer, D A; LoCicero, J; Pinkston, P
Cystic artery pseudoaneurysm presenting as a complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy treated with percutaneous thrombin injection.
A 45-year-old woman status post laparoscopic cholecystectomy 3years ago presented with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Endoscopy revealed hemobilia. Computed tomographic abdomen demonstrated a 2-cm aneurysm in the gall bladder fossa, consistent with a pseudoaneurysm. Initially, transcatheter coil embolization was attempted but recanalization of the aneurysm with recurrent bleeding in 2 days ensued. The aneurysm was then accessed percutaneously under ultrasound guidance and thrombin was injected into the aneurysm with subsequent complete thrombosis of the aneurysm and cessation of bleeding. PMID:24661399
Kumar, Abhishek; Sheikh, Ahmed; Partyka, Luke; Contractor, Sohail
Automatic PSO-Based Deformable Structures Markerless Tracking in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
An automatic and markerless tracking method of deformable structures (digestive organs) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy intervention that uses the (PSO) behavour and the preoperative a priori knowledge is presented. The associated shape to the global best particles of the population determines a coarse representation of the targeted organ (the gallbladder) in monocular laparoscopic colored images. The swarm behavour is directed by a new fitness function to be optimized to improve the detection and tracking performance. The function is defined by a linear combination of two terms, namely, the human a priori knowledge term (H) and the particle's density term (D). Under the limits of standard (PSO) characteristics, experimental results on both synthetic and real data show the effectiveness and robustness of our method. Indeed, it outperforms existing methods without need of explicit initialization (such as active contours, deformable models and Gradient Vector Flow) on accuracy and convergence rate.
Djaghloul, Haroun; Batouche, Mohammed; Jessel, Jean-Pierre
Cholecystectomy by single incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS): early experience and technique standardization.
Single Incision Laparoscopic Surgery (SILS) is a recent surgical technique, first described in the 1990s. Its aim is to optimize the esthetic result offered by laparoscopy by minimizing the number of abdominal incisions. Various preliminary studies have been carried out on the application of SILS, especially in cholecystectomy and appendectomy. This study evaluates the preliminary results of cholecystectomy by SILS (SILS� Port) conducted between October 2009 and February 2011 on 21 patients (4 men and 17 women) with a mean age of 49.9 years and a mean Body Mass Index (BMI) of 22.8. All patients were treated by the same team, which had previously undergone six months' simulator training. There were two main selection criteria, both evaluated intraoperatively: absence of adhesions and of significant inflammatory sequelae from previous cholecystitis; and suitable distance between gallbladder and SILS access port. Conversion to traditional laparoscopy was necessary in just two cases, while an accessory trocar was introduced in another two cases. Conversion to open surgery was not necessary in any case. One case of SILS cholecystectomy was complicated by postoperative bile leakage, which was treated conservatively, as the fistula had a low output. The mean duration of hospitalization was 3.6 days. This preliminary experience led us to conclude that SILS is safe and highly satisfactory in the postoperative phase, thanks to the reduced need for painkillers and the improved esthetic result. PMID:23017290
Ceci, F; Di Grazia, C; Cipriani, B; Nicodemi, S; Corelli, S; Pecchia, M; Martellucci, A; Costantino, A; Stefanelli, F; Salvadori, C; Napoleoni, A; Parisella, M; Spaziani, E; Stagnitti, F
SILC for SILC: Single Institution Learning Curve for Single-Incision Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Objectives. We report the single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) learning experience of 2 hepatobiliary surgeons and the factors that could influence the learning curve of SILC. Methods. Patients who underwent SILC by Surgeons A and B were studied retrospectively. Operating time, conversion rate, reason for conversion, identity of first assistants, and their experience with previous laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) were analysed. CUSUM analysis is used to identify learning curve. Results. Hundred and nineteen SILC cases were performed by Surgeons A and B, respectively. Eight cases required additional port. In CUSUM analysis, most conversion occurred during the first 19 cases. Operating time was significantly lower (62.5 versus 90.6?min, P = 0.04) after the learning curve has been overcome. Operating time decreases as the experience increases, especially Surgeon B. Most conversions are due to adhesion at Calot's triangle. Acute cholecystitis, patients' BMI, and previous surgery do not seem to influence conversion rate. Mean operating times of cases assisted by first assistant with and without LC experience were 48 and 74 minutes, respectively (P = 0.004). Conclusion. Nineteen cases are needed to overcome the learning curve of SILC. Team work, assistant with CLC experience, and appropriate equipment and technique are the important factors in performing SILC.
Tay, Chee Wei; Shen, Liang; Hartman, Mikael; Iyer, Shridhar Ganpathi; Madhavan, Krishnakumar; Chang, Stephen Kin Yong
Original single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute inflammation of the gallbladder
AIM: To investigate the safety and feasibility of our original single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) for acute inflamed gallbladder (AIG). METHODS: One hundred and ten consecutive patients underwent original SILC for gallbladder disease without any selection criteria and 15 and 11 of these were diagnosed with acute cholecystitis and acute gallstone cholangitis, respectively. A retrospective review was performed not only between SILC for AIG and non-AIG, but also between SILC for AIG and traditional laparoscopic cholecystectomy (TLC) for AIG in the same period. RESULTS: Comparison between SILC for AIG and non-AIG revealed that the operative time was longer in SILC for AIG (97.5 min vs 85.0 min, P = 0.03). The open conversion rate (2/26 vs 2/84, P = 0.24) and complication rate (1/26 vs 3/84, P = 1.00) showed no differences, but a need for additional trocars was more frequent in SILC for AIG (5/24 vs 3/82, P = 0.01). Comparison between SILC for AIG and TLC for AIG revealed no differences based on statistical analysis. CONCLUSION: Our original SILC technique was adequately safe and feasible for the treatment of acute cholecystitis and acute gallstone cholangitis.
Sasaki, Kazunari; Watanabe, Goro; Matsuda, Masamichi; Hashimoto, Masaji
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy as a Day Surgery Procedure: Implementation and Audit of 136 Consecutive Cases in a University Hospital
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has been routinely performed since 1989 at our institution, and patients were traditionally admitted for 2 days. In 1996 we implemented a protocol for LC as a day surgery procedure at our center. Although initially reported by others, it has not yet been introduced as routine in Switzerland. The objective of this prospective study was to determine
Henri Vuilleumier; Nermin Halkic
Suprapubic transvesical single-port technique for control of lower end of ureter during laparoscopic nephroureterectomy for upper tract transitional cell carcinoma
Context: Various minimally invasive techniques � laparoscopic, endoscopic or combinations of both - have been described to handle the lower ureter during laparoscopic nephroureterectomy but none has received wide acceptance. Aims: We describe an endoscopic technique for the management of lower end of ureter during laparoscopic nephroureterectomy using a single suprapubic laparoscopic port. Materials and Methods: Transurethral resectoscope is used to make a full thickness incision in the bladder cuff around the ureteric orifice from 1 o�clock to 11 o�clock. A grasper inserted through the transvesical suprapubic port is used to retract the ureter to complete the incision in the bladder cuff overlying the anterior aspect of the ureteric orifice. The lower end of ureter is subsequently sealed with a clip applied through the port. This is followed by a laparoscopic nephrectomy and the specimen is removed by extending the suprapubic port incision. Our technique enables dissection and control of lower end of ureter under direct vision. Moreover, surgical occlusion of the lower end of the ureter prior to dissection of the kidney may decrease cell spillage. The clip also serves as a marker for complete removal of the specimen. Results: Three patients have undergone this procedure with an average follow up of 19 months. Operative time for the management of lower ureter has been 35, 55 and 40 minutes respectively. A single recurrence was detected on the opposite bladder wall after 9 months via a surveillance cystoscopy. There has been no residual disease or any other locoregional recurrence. Conclusions: The described technique for management of lower end of ureter during laparoscopic nephroureterectomy adheres to strict oncologic principles while providing the benefit of a minimally invasive approach.
Ahlawat, Rajesh K.; Gautam, Gagan
Can bile duct injuries be prevented? "A new technique in laparoscopic cholecystectomy"
Background Over the last decade, laparoscopic cholecystectomy has gained worldwide acceptance and considered to be as "gold standard" in the surgical management of symptomatic cholecystolithiasis. However, the incidence of bile duct injury in laparoscopic cholecystectomy is still two times greater compared to classic open surgery. The development of bile duct injury may result in biliary cirrhosis and increase in mortality rates. The mostly blamed causitive factor is the misidentification of the anatomy, especially by a surgeon who is at the beginning of his learning curve. Biliary tree injuries may be decreased by direct coloration of the cystic duct, ductus choledochus and even the gall bladder. Methods gall bladder fundus was punctured by Veress needle and all the bile was aspirated. The same amount of fifty percent methylene blue diluted by saline solution was injected into the gall bladder for coloration of biliary tree. The dissection of Calot triangle was much more safely performed after obtention of coloration of the gall bladder, cystic duct and choledocus. Results Between October 2003 and December 2004, overall 46 patients (of which 9 males) with a mean age of 47 (between 24 and 74) underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy with methylene blue injection technique. The diagnosis of chronic cholecystitis (the thickness of the gall bladder wall was normal) confirmed by pre-operative abdominal ultrasonography in all patients. The diameters of the stones were greater than 1 centimeter in 32 patients and calcula of various sizes being smaller than 1 cm. were documented in 13 cases. One patient was operated for gall bladder polyp (our first case). Successful coloration of the gall bladder, cystic duct and ductus choledochus was possible in 43 patients, whereas only the gall bladder and proximal cystic duct were visualised in 3 cases. In these cases, ductus choledochus visibility was not possible. None of the patients developed bile duct injury. Conclusion The number of bile duct injuries related to anatomic misidentification can be decreased and even vanished by using intraoperative methylene blue injection technique into the gall bladder fundus intraoperatively.
Sari, Yavuz Selim; Tunali, Vahit; Tomaoglu, Kamer; Karagoz, Binnur; GuneyI, Ayhan; KaragoZ, Ibrahim
Single port robotic hysterectomy technique improving on multiport procedure
The benefits of laparoscopic surgery over conventional abdominal surgery have been well documented. Reducing postoperative pain, decreasing postoperative morbidity, hospital stay duration, and postoperative recovery time have all been demonstrated in recent peer-review literature. Robotic laparoscopy provides the added dimension of increased fine mobility and surgical control. With new single port surgical techniques, we have the added benefit of minimally invasive surgery and greater patient aesthetic satisfaction, as well as all the other benefits laparoscopic surgery offers. In this paper, we report a successful single port robotic hysterectomy and the simple process by which this technique is performed.
Lue, John R; Murray, Brian; Bush, Stephen
Single-port Retroperitoneoscopic Pancreatectomy: Preliminary Results From the First 3 Patients.
To date, single-port laparoscopic pancreatic surgery has been rarely reported. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of single-port retroperitoneoscopic pancreatectomy based on the first 3 cases in a single center. Three patients with suspected lesions in the distal pancreas underwent single-port retroperitoneoscopic pancreatectomy using a conventional retroperitoneoscopic pancreatectomy approach. All operations were successfully completed utilizing a single port. Operating times were 50, 90, and 150 minutes for the 3 cases. There were no complications, and all patients were discharged within 7 days after surgery. In conclusion, for selected patients, single-port retroperitoneoscopy can be safely utilized for pancreatectomy. PMID:24457945
Zhao, Guodong; Hu, Minggen; Liu, Rong; Zhao, Zhiming; Li, Chenggang; Wang, Fei; Zhou, Huinian; Wang, Xuefei
[Intraoperative cholangiography in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a simple, cost-effective techniques].
Description of an easy technique to perform an intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy at low cost. After puncture of the abdomen in the right hypochondrium with a commercial vein cannula used as a "mini-trocar", this cannula is mounted by an ureteral catheter (UC). By means of the inlying metal-mandrin the UC can be performed in a slightly curved fashion, which permits an easy cannulation of the Ductus cysticus. Furthermore the mandrin prevents an obstruction of the lumen by the metal clip used to fix the UC in the D.cysticus. After withdrawal of the mandrin the IOC can be performed by use of a commercial syringe fitting to the light-blue plastic adapter delivered with the UC. The method is safe, quick and easy and with a price of less than Swiss francs 10.- per IOC it is unrivalled regarding the costs. PMID:9064128
Riedtmann-Klee, H J; Aeberhard, P
Lower gastrointestinal bleeding due to hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm following laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Pseudoaneurysm of hepatic artery is a rare but known complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Such pseudoaneurysms may bleed in biliary tree, upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract or peritoneal cavity leading to life-threatening internal haemorrhage. It is very rare for them to present as lower GI bleeding. We report an unusual case of Right hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm developed following LC, which ruptured into hepatic flexure of colon resulting in catastrophic lower GI bleeding. This was associated with partial celiac artery occlusion due to thrombosis. Due to failure of therapeutic embolisation, the patient was subjected to exploratory laparotomy to control haemorrhage. Postoperatively, patient recovered well and was discharged on postoperative day 10. A strong index of suspicion is necessary for early diagnosis of such condition and to limit resultant morbidity. Angioembolisation is the first-line treatment and surgery is indicated in selected cases.
Mate, Ajay D; Surnare, Kailas R; Deolekar, Samir S; Gvalani, Anil K
Prediction of conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open surgery with artificial neural networks
Background The intent of this study was to predict conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) to open surgery employing artificial neural networks (ANN). Methods The retrospective data of 793 patients who underwent LC in a teaching university hospital from 1997 to 2004 was collected. We employed linear discrimination analysis and ANN models to examine the predictability of the conversion. The models were validated using prospective data of 100 patients who underwent LC at the same hospital. Results The overall conversion rate was 9%. Conversion correlated with experience of surgeons, emergency LC, previous abdominal surgery, fever, leukocytosis, elevated bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase levels, and ultrasonographic detection of common bile duct stones. In the validation group, discriminant analysis formula diagnosed the conversion in 5 cases out of 9 (sensitivity: 56%; specificity: 82%); the ANN model diagnosed 6 cases (sensitivity: 67%; specificity: 99%). Conclusion The conversion of LC to open surgery is effectively predictable based on the preoperative health characteristics of patients using ANN.
Gholipour, Changiz; Fakhree, Mohammad Bassir Abolghasemi; Shalchi, Rosita Alizadeh; Abbasi, Mehrshad
Retained common bile duct stone as a consequence of a fundus-first laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
The fundus-first technique for laparoscopic cholecystectomy provides an alternative to the conventional dissection technique in patients at high risk for conversion to open cholecystectomy or at risk for bile duct injury. We report the complication of a retained common bile duct (CBD) stone after utilizing this technique. Intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) was not performed due to the concern for causing CBD injury in a patient with significant periductal inflammation and no risk factors for CBD stones. Following discharge, the patient developed scleral icterus 3 days later and returned for evaluation. He required endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for removal of a CBD stone. None of the four series reporting on this technique have described this complication. It should now be recognized that there is a risk of displacing a gallstone into the CBD in utilizing this technique. This report highlights the importance of intraoperative imaging of the CBD when using this technique, even in patients considered to be at low risk for having CBD stones. If IOC is considered hazardous, then intraoperative ultrasound should be the modality of choice. PMID:15954837
Dolan, James P; Cook, Judith W; Sheppard, Brett C
Outpatient Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Patient Outcomes After Implementation of a Clinical Pathway
Objective To determine the success of a clinical pathway for outpatient laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in an academic health center, and to assess the impact of pathway implementation on same-day discharge rates, safety, patient satisfaction, and resource utilization. Summary Background Data Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is reported to be safe for patients and acceptable as an outpatient procedure. Whether this experience can be translated to an academic health center or larger hospital is uncertain. Clinical pathways guide the care of specific patient populations with the goal of enhancing patient care while optimizing resource utilization. The effectiveness of these pathways in achieving their goals is not well studied. Methods During a 12-month period beginning April 1, 1999, all patients eligible for an elective LC (n = 177) participated in a clinical pathway developed to transition LC to an outpatient procedure. These were compared with all patients undergoing elective LC (n = 208) in the 15 months immediately before pathway implementation. Successful same-day discharges, reasons for postoperative admission, readmission rates, complications, deaths, and patient satisfaction were compared. Average length of stay and total hospital costs were calculated and compared. Results After pathway implementation, the proportion of same-day discharges increased significantly, from 21% to 72%. Unplanned postoperative admissions decreased as experience with the pathway increased. Patient characteristics, need for readmission, complications, and deaths were not different between the groups. Patients surveyed were highly satisfied with their care. Resource utilization declined, resulting in more available inpatient beds and substantial cost savings. Conclusions Implementation of a clinical pathway for outpatient LC was successful, safe, and satisfying for patients. Converting LC to an outpatient procedure resulted in a significant reduction in medical resource use, including a decreased length of stay and total cost of care.
Calland, J. Forrest; Tanaka, Koji; Foley, Eugene; Bovbjerg, Viktor E.; Markey, Donna W.; Blome, Sonia; Minasi, John S.; Hanks, John B.; Moore, Marcia M.; Young, Jeffery S.; Jones, R. Scott; Schirmer, Bruce D.; Adams, Reid B.
A randomized clinical trial comparing 4-port, 3-port, and single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
ABSTRACT Backgrounds: Despite increasing trend in single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC), there is still controversy regarding its global acceptance as a routine practice. Our study aimed to compare surgical events, early in-hospital and later outcomes of SILC with conventional multiport laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Methods: Through a randomized controlled trial (RCT) between June and December 2011, 90 consecutive patients with documented biliary diseases waiting for LC were equally allocated to 3-port, 4-port, and single incision LC group. Operative time, surgical adverse events, postoperative pain according to visual analogue scale (VAS), total morphine administration, length of hospital stay, and cosmetic outcomes were compared between these three groups. Results: A total of 27 males (30%) and 63 females (70%) were enrolled in this study. The average patients' age and BMI were 42.6 � 12.1�years and 26.2 � 2.7�kg/m(2), respectively. Operative time in SILC group was significantly longer than other groups. Total intraoperative adverse events and postoperative complications did not differ significantly between the three groups. Mean � SD VAS score at rest was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in SILC group. The average VAS at coughing was significantly lower in SILC group in all time intervals except the first 6 hr (p < 0.05). In addition, total morphine dose showed significantly lower amount in SILC group (p = 0.02). 12-month follow-up did not reveal significant difference between the study groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: SILC is associated with less postoperative pain in later hours, reduces in-hospital analgesic dosages, has longer procedure time, but does not increase intraoperative and postoperative adverse events It seems that SILC has no obvious advantages in terms of later outcomes. PMID:24215388
Khorgami, Zhamak; Shoar, Saeed; Anbara, Taha; Soroush, Ahmadreza; Nasiri, Shirzad; Movafegh, Ali; Aminian, Ali
Severe wound traction-blisters after inadequate dressing application following laparoscopic cholecystectomy: case report of a preventable complication
Background The inadequate application of postoperative dressings can lead to significant complications, including skin injuries, compartment syndromes, and potential limb loss. To our knowledge, the occurrence of post laparoscopic cholecystectomy related skin complications have not yet been reported in the peer-reviewed literature. Case Presentation Following laparoscopic cholecystectomy for symptomatic gallstone disease, a seventy eight year old healthy white male broke out in painful erythema on either side of his epigastric port site. Vesicles akin to a partial thickness burns were revealed upon removal of dressings. An unusual indentation created by the dressing, and skin traction by the dressing's adhesive edges were implicated, raising questions about technique of its application. Conclusion Incorrect application of wound dressings can disrupt skin architecture, causing painful blistering. This complication should not occur to patients, as it is theoretically 100% preventable. Avoidance of stretching adhesive dressings, and careful adherence to relevant manufacturers' instructions are recommended.
Major biliary complications in 2,714 cases of laparoscopic cholecystectomy without intraoperative cholangiography: a multicenter retrospective study
Background��The ongoing debate between routine and selective users of intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy\\u000a (LC) has not yet come to an end. Routine users argue that IOC decreases the rate of biliary complications such as bile duct\\u000a injury, biliary leak and missed common bile duct (CBD) stones, a claim that selective users do not fully support. On the other
Mostafa A. HamadAhmad; Ahmad A. Nada; Mohamad Y. Abdel-Atty; Ahmad S. Kawashti
Hepatic vein injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: The unappreciated proximity of the middle hepatic vein to the gallbladder bed
Uncontrollable hemorrhage during laparoscopic cholecystectomy occurs in 0.1% to 1.9% of all cases, with 88% originating from\\u000a the gallbladder bed. The anatomical proximity between major branches of the middle hepatic vein and the gallbladder bed, and\\u000a hence the risk of intraoperative bleeding, is unclear. CT scans of 20 random patients were retrospectively reviewed to identify\\u000a the closest distance between branches
Chad G. Ball; Anthony R. MacLean; Andrew W. Kirkpatrick; Oliver F. Bathe; Francis Sutherland; Estifanos Debru; Elijah Dixon
[Management for pseudoaneurysm of cystic artery with an arterio-biliary fistula after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a rare case of hemobilia].
Although laparoscopic cholecystectomy is considered to be the gold standard for treatment for symptomatic cholelithiasis, it is associated with an increased risk of biliary and vascular injury compared to the traditional technique. Massive hemobilia is a rare but potentially life-threatening cause of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Arterio-biliary fistula is an uncommon cause of hemobilia. We describe a case of cystic artery pseudo-aneurysm causing arterio-biliary fistula and presenting as severe melaena and cholangitis that occurred 7 months after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Gastroduodenoscopy failed to establish the exact source of bleeding and hepatic artery angiography and selective embolization of the pseudo-aneurysm successfully controlled the bleeding. Pseudo-aneurysm of the hepatic artery is mostly iatrogenic due to biliary intervention, as demonstrated in this case. Transarterial embolization is considered the first line of intervention to stop the bleeding for most causes of hemobilia. Hemobilia is a rare complication that should be considered when managing patients with bleeding or jaundice even several months after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. PMID:19274916
Beuran, M; Chiotoroiu, A L; Avram, M; Vartic, Mihaela; Constantinescu, G; Dorob??, B; Ro?u, Oana; Diaconescu, B I
Robot-assisted posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy: single port access
Laparoscopic adrenalectomy has become a gold standard in adrenal gland surgery. More recently, some minimally invasive trials have been conducted on single access surgery on the adrenal gland. In this study, we introduce our first experiences of robot-assisted posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy using single-port access and the da Vinci system.
Park, Jae Hyun; Walz, Martin K.; Jeong, Jong-Ju; Nam, Kee-Hyun; Chang, Hang-Seok; Chung, Woong-Youn; Park, Cheong-Soo
Is it worth offering a routine laparoscopic cholecystectomy in developing countries? A Thailand case study
Objective The study aims to investigate whether laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is a cost-effective strategy for managing gallbladder-stone disease compared to the conventional open cholecystectomy(OC) in a Thai setting. Design and Setting Using a societal perspective a cost-utility analysis was employed to measure programme cost and effectiveness of each management strategy. The costs borne by the hospital and patients were collected from Chiang Rai regional hospital while the clinical outcomes were summarised from a published systematic review of international and national literature. Incremental cost per Quality Adjusted Life Year (QALY) derived from a decision tree model. Results The results reveal that at base-case scenario the incremental cost per QALY of moving from OC to LC is 134,000 Baht under government perspective and 89,000 Baht under a societal perspective. However, the probabilities that LC outweighed OC are not greater than 95% until the ceiling ratio reaches 190,000 and 270,000 Baht per QALY using societal and government perspective respectively. Conclusion The economic evaluation results of management options for gallstone disease in Thailand differ from comparable previous studies conducted in developed countries which indicated that LC was a cost-saving strategy. Differences were due mainly to hospital costs of post operative inpatient care and value of lost working time. The LC option would be considered a cost-effective option for Thailand at a threshold of three times per capita gross domestic product recommended by the committee on the Millennium Development Goals.
Teerawattananon, Yot; Mugford, Miranda
The Eindhoven laparoscopic cholecystectomy training course�improving operating room performance using virtual reality training: results from the first E.A.E.S. accredited virtual reality trainings curriculum
Background: This study was undertaken to investigate operating room performance of surgical residents, after participating in the Eindhoven virtual reality laparoscopic cholecystectomy training course. This course is the first formal surgical resident trainings course, using a variety of complementary virtual reality (VR) skills training simulation in order to prepare surgical residents for their first laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The course was granted
M. P. Schijven; J. J. Jakimowicz; I. A. M. J. Broeders; L. N. L. Tseng
Single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy: initial evaluation of a large series of patients
Background Findings have shown that single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) is feasible and reproducible. The authors have pioneered a two-trocar SILC technique at the University of Texas Southwestern. Their results for 100 patients are presented. Methods From January 2008 to March 2009, 100 patients with symptomatic gallbladder disease underwent SILC through a 1.5- to 2-cm umbilical incision using a two-port (5-mm) technique. For nearly all the patients, a 30� angled scope was used. The gallbladder was retracted, with two or three sutures placed along the gallbladder. These sutures were either fixated internally or placed through the abdominal wall to obtain a critical view of Calot�s triangle. The SILC procedure was performed using standard technique with 5-mm reticulating or conventional laparoscopic instruments. The cystic duct and artery were well visualized, clipped, and divided. Cholecystectomy was completed with electrocautery, and the specimen was retrieved through the umbilical incision. Results In this series, 80 women (85%) and 15 men (15%) with an average age of 33.8 years (range, 17�66 years) underwent SILC. Their mean BMI was 29.8 kg/m2 (range, 17�42.5 kg/m2), and 39% of these patients had undergone previous abdominal surgery. The mean operative time was 50.8 min (range, 23�120 min). The mean estimated blood loss was 22.3 ml (range, 5�125 ml), and 5% of the patients had an intraoperative cholangiogram. There were no conversions of the SILC technique. A two-trocar technique was feasible for 87% of the patients. For the remaining patients, either a three-channel port or three individual trocars were required. A SILC technique was used for 5% of the patients to manage acute cholecystitis or gallstone pancreatitis. Conclusion The SILC technique with a two-trocar technique is safe, feasible, and reproducible. The operating times are reasonable and can be lessened with experience. Even complex cases can be managed with this technique. Excellent exposure of the critical view was obtained in all cases. The SILC procedure is becoming the standard of care for most of the authors� elective patients with gallbladder disease. Clinical trials are warranted before the SILC technique is adopted universally.
Varela, Esteban; Scott, Daniel
Two-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy with modified suture retraction of the fundus: A practical approach
CONTEXT: Although transumbilical single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) has been demonstrated to be superior cosmetic, it is only limited to simple cases at present. In complex cases, the standard four- or three-port LC is still the treatment of choice. AIM: To summarize the clinical effect of a modified technique in two-port LC. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: A consecutive series of patients with benign gallbladder diseases admitted to the provincial teaching hospital who underwent LC in the past 4 years were included. A modified two-port LC was the first choice except for those requiring laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The operation was done with suture retraction of the fundus by a needle-like retractor. The patients� data, including the operative time, time consumed by gallbladder retraction, operative bleeding, conversion rate, rate of adding trocars, and postoperative complications were recorded. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Data were expressed as percentage and mean with standard deviation. RESULTS: Total 107 patients with chronic calculous cholecystitis (N = 61), acute calculous cholecystitis (N = 43), and cholecystic polyps (N = 3) received two-port LC. The procedure was successful in 99 out of 107 cases (success rate, 92.5%), and a third trocar was added in the remaining 8 cases (7.5%) due to severe pathological changes. The operative time was 47.2 (�13.21) min. There was no conversion to open surgery. CONCLUSION: Two-port LC using a needle-like retractor for suture retraction of the gallbladder fundus is a practical approach when considering the safety, convenience, and indications as well as relatively minimal invasion.
Tian, Ming G; Zhang, Pei J; Yang, Y; Shang, Fan J; Zhan, J
Control of port-site bleeding from smaller incisions after laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery: a new, innovative, and easier technique.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become the standard of care for patients with acute cholecystitis, symptomatic cholelithiasis, and biliary dyskinesia. Most surgeons now perform this procedure as outpatient surgery. In a standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedure, three trocar incisions are made outside the umbilicus. Stopping the bleeding from these port sites can be problematic because of the small size of the incision and the fact that these bleeding points are situated deep in the incision. This is especially true in obese patients and patients taking Asprin or Plavix and undergoing emergency cholecystectomy. In these circumstances, control of the bleeding requires either enlargement of the incision or placement of deep sutures, leading to an ugly scar. We present a simple and innovative technique for controlling port-site bleeding, which involves plugging the port-site hole with Surgicel (Johnson & Johnson Medical, Inc., Arlington, Texas). Our experience with 20 patients to date has shown wound healing to be excellent, with no complications such as hematoma or infection. PMID:12193814
Rastogi, Vijay; Dy, Victor
The impact of varying post-operative dressing size on recovery from laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
This study aimed to explore the impact of the size of a post-operative dressing and the subsequent visibility of the wound on recovery from laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). A randomised controlled trial was conducted. Fourty-one patients (8 men and 33 women, mean age?=?44?years) scheduled for LC were included. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either small gauze dressings (n?=?19) or large gauze dressings (n?=?22) which were directly applied on post-operative incisions. Patients' mood, psychological well-being, illness cognitions, and pain and recovery were assessed at three time points: baseline, immediately after the procedure and then two weeks later. The findings suggest that the management of post-surgical incisions influences patients' interpretation of their illness which in turn has an impact upon the process of recovery from LC. This implies that visual information available to patients after the procedure through the cognitive and emotional mechanisms involved in their processing can alter the process of convalescence from LC. PMID:23650880
Heinrich, M; Ogden, J; Patel, A G
Changing demographics in laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed in the United States: hospitalizations from 1998 to 2010.
In the clinical experience at a community hospital, younger patients appear to be receiving more laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). The purpose of this study was to determine if LC is increasing in the younger patient population and if obesity is associated with the increase in LC. Patients undergoing LC were identified from the Healthcare Cost Utilization Project Nationwide Inpatient Sample database. There were 4,449,643 LCs from 1998 to 2010. Patients 15 to 24 years of age had the largest increase in LC (3.2%) and obesity (10.8%) from 1998 to 2010. In the 15- to 24-year age group, the following variables were associated with obesity: female, white, private payer, nonteaching hospital, urban location, southern region, large hospital bed size, and 3+ Charlson group, all P < 0.05. Additionally in the 15- to 24-year age group, median length of stay (nonobese 2 days vs obese 3 days) and median cost (nonobese $19,170 vs obese $22,802) were both increased (P < 0.001). The percentage of younger people having LC is increasing with highest increases in the obese population. The obese youth also have longer length of stay with an increase in hospital cost. These results suggest a rising disease burden associated with obesity among people ages 15 to 24 years. Gallstone disease burden will likely increase with the increase in prevalence of obesity and would add to healthcare economic burden. PMID:24987895
Tucker, James J; Grim, Rod; Bell, Ted; Martin, Jennifer; Ahuja, Vanita
Usefullness of the ultrasonically activated scalpel in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: our experience and review of literature.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) actually represents the most used and proper treatment for gallbladder lithiasis, because its many and known advantages in comparison with 'open' abdominal surgery. But there are some problems during and after LC due to the use of the electric scalpel and these have brought to the search of an alternative system of dissection and coagulation. The ultrasonically activated scalpel (Harmonic Scalpel, HS) allows to perform dissection and coagulation with a minimal thermal side effect for surrounding tissues, unlike the electrocoagulation. Furthermore, the use of the HS brings a series of advantages in comparison to the other electromagnetic forms of energy (electro-scalpel, laser). HS cuts and coagulates with the same effectiveness of the electro-scalpel but, unlike this, it doesn't introduce risks of wandering currents. Moreover, HS contributes to have a more clean and clear (smokes-free) field of operation and it reduces the operative time, the bleeding and the costs of the operation without an increase of the complications and of the percentages of 'open' conversion, and perhaps leads to a less negative influence on the postoperative systemic immune response. The Authors report their experience that confirm these observations, according also with results reported in a brief review of the recent scientific literature, and support wider diffusion and technical development of this ultrasonically-operating surgical team. PMID:18507962
Minutolo, V; Gagliano, G; Rinzivillo, C; Li Destri, G; Carnazza, M; Minutolo, O
Pain relief from combined wound and intraperitoneal local anesthesia for patients who undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Background Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has become the treatment of choice for gallbladder lesions, but it is not a pain-free procedure. This study explored the pain relief provided by combined wound and intraperitoneal local anesthetic use for patients who are undergoing LC. Methods Two-hundred and twenty consecutive patients undergoing LC were categorized into 1 of the following 4 groups: local wound anesthetic after LC either with an intraperitoneal local anesthetic (W?+?P) (group 1) or without an intraperitoneal local anesthetic (W?+?NP) (group 2), or no local wound anesthetic after LC either with intraperitoneal local anesthetic (NW?+?P) (group 3) or without an intraperitoneal local anesthetic (NW?+?NP) (group 4). A visual analog scale (VAS) was used to assess postoperative pain. The amount of analgesic used and the duration of hospital stay were also recorded. Results The VAS was significantly lower immediately after LC for the W?+?P group than for the NW?+?NP group (5 vs. 6; p?=?0.012). Patients in the W?+?P group received a lower total amount of meperidine during their hospital stay. They also had the shortest hospital stay after LC, compared to the patients in the other groups. Conclusion Combined wound and intraperitoneal local anesthetic use after LC significantly decreased the immediate postoperative pain and may explain the reduced use of meperidine and earlier discharge of patients so treated.
Complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy and its prevention: a review and experience of 400 cases.
In the present era laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has become the gold standard treatment of choice for gallstone disease. This technique has made a new revolution in minimal invasive surgery, but also the spectrum of complications has changed. In this paper we shared our personal experience of LC in 400 hundred cases from January 2007 to December 2010, its complications and prevention. According to our experience the complications were liver bed injury (n=32, 8%), spilled gall stones (n=29, 7.25%), port site infection (n=11, 2.75%), vascular injury (n=18, 4.5%), conversion to open surgery (n=16, 4%), biliary leak (n=10, 2.5%), bowel injury (n=3, 0.75%), CBD stricture (n=4, 1%) and umbilical port hernia (n=2, 0.5%). Before the procedure, patient consent and awareness to all possible complications which may occur intra-operatively is very important. A good surgical team and experience in this procedure seems to prevent hazardous complications. PMID:22260821
Yi, Feng; Jin, Wen-Sheng; Xiang, De-Bing; Sun, Gui-Yin; Huaguo, Dai
Perioperative changes in oxygen saturation after ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a retrospective analysis.
In the ambulatory surgical setting, patients may present with grossly abnormal oxygen saturation (Spo2) readings that, along with other disease pathology, make referral to an inpatient facility a straightforward decision. Patients presenting with unexplained slightly abnormal Spo2 readings might make evaluation as an appropriate candidate for the ambulatory setting more problematic. Little guidance is provided for these scenarios in current consensus documents, and minimal data exist regarding preoperative baseline Spo2 readings as a predictor for postoperative Spo2 readings after undergoing general anesthesia and surgery in the ambulatory care setting. A retrospective analysis was performed of all laparoscopic cholecystectomies performed at a freestanding ambulatory surgery center during 2011 (n = 56). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to establish predictors for variability in baseline Spo2. Wilcoxon tests were used to compare preoperative baseline Spo2 readings with readings taken at discharge. Increased patient age was the only statistically significant predictor of lower baseline Spo2 levels, although no statistically significant decrease in Spo2 was found at discharge in patients above 60 years old. Males, patients who smoke, and patients whose body mass index exceeded 30 kg/m2 all demonstrated statistically significant decreases in Spo2 values at discharge home (Z = -1.947, -1.807, -1.75, P < .05). PMID:24133852
Seneca, Michael; Zapp, Mark; Seneca, Martha
Incidence of residual choledocholithiasis detected by intraoperative cholangiography at the time of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients having undergone preoperative ERCP
Introduction��The purpose of this study is to determine the incidence of residual common bile duct (CBD) stones after preoperative ERCP\\u000a for choledocholithiasis and to evaluate the utility of routine intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy\\u000a (LC) in this patient population.\\u000a \\u000a \\u000a \\u000a Methods��All patients who underwent preoperative ERCP and interval LC with IOC from 5\\/96 to 12\\/05 were reviewed under an Institutional
Richard A. Pierce; Sreenivasa Jonnalagadda; Jennifer A. Spitler; Deron J. Tessier; Jane M. Liaw; Shelly C. Lall; Lora M. Melman; Margaret M. Frisella; Laura M. Todt; L. Michael Brunt; Valerie J. Halpin; J. Christopher Eagon; Steven A. Edmundowicz; Brent D. Matthews
Comparisons of Prediction Models of Quality of Life after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Longitudinal Prospective Study
Background Few studies of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) outcome have used longitudinal data for more than two years. Moreover, no studies have considered group differences in factors other than outcome such as age and nonsurgical treatment. Additionally, almost all published articles agree that the essential issue of the internal validity (reproducibility) of the artificial neural network (ANN), support vector machine (SVM), Gaussian process regression (GPR) and multiple linear regression (MLR) models has not been adequately addressed. This study proposed to validate the use of these models for predicting quality of life (QOL) after LC and to compare the predictive capability of ANNs with that of SVM, GPR and MLR. Methodology/Principal Findings A total of 400 LC patients completed the SF-36 and the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index at baseline and at 2 years postoperatively. The criteria for evaluating the accuracy of the system models were mean square error (MSE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). A global sensitivity analysis was also performed to assess the relative significance of input parameters in the system model and to rank the variables in order of importance. Compared to SVM, GPR and MLR models, the ANN model generally had smaller MSE and MAPE values in the training data set and test data set. Most ANN models had MAPE values ranging from 4.20% to 8.60%, and most had high prediction accuracy. The global sensitivity analysis also showed that preoperative functional status was the best parameter for predicting QOL after LC. Conclusions/Significance Compared with SVM, GPR and MLR models, the ANN model in this study was more accurate in predicting patient-reported QOL and had higher overall performance indices. Further studies of this model may consider the effect of a more detailed database that includes complications and clinical examination findings as well as more detailed outcome data.
Shi, Hon-Yi; Lee, Hao-Hsien; Tsai, Jinn-Tsong; Ho, Wen-Hsien; Chen, Chieh-Fan
Gallbladder removal - laparoscopic - discharge
... procedure called a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Your doctor made 1 - 3 small cuts in your belly and used a ... Recovering from laparoscopic cholecystectomy usually takes around ... you recover: Pain in your belly. You may also feel pain in 1 or ...
The effect of preemptive intravenous low-dose magnesium sulfate on early postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
As an N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist, magnesium sulfate has analgesic properties and reduces noxious input during surgery. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of preemptive intravenous low-dose magnesium sulfate on early postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. In this prospective, randomized study, 60 ASA I-II patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy were assigned to three groups (n = 20 each). After anesthesia induction, prior to surgical incision, patients received magnesium sulfate 5.0 mg/kg (group A), magnesium sulfate 7.5 mg/kg (group B) or saline intravenously (group C). General anesthesia was performed with the same drugs in all three groups. Postoperative pain intensities at rest, according to the visual analog scale (VAS 0-10), were evaluated at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 24 hours after surgery. According to the VAS scores, patients intravenously received metamizol 2.5 g (VAS 3-4), diclofenac 75 mg (VAS 5-7) or tramadol 1 mg/kg (VAS 8-10). VAS scores at 1 hour postoperatively were significantly lower in groups A (4.7 +/- 1.7; p < 0.05) and B (3.2 +/- 1.8; p < 0.01) than in group C (5.2 +/- 2.0). At 3 hours postoperatively, VAS score was significantly lower in group B (2.4 +/- 1.5) than in group A (3.7 +/- 1.8) or group C (3.8 +/- 2.3) (p < 0.05). After 6, 9 and 24 hours postoperatively, there were no differences in VAS scores among the groups. In conclusion, preemptive intravenous administration of both 5.0 mg/kg and 7.5 mg/kg of magnesium sulfate significantly reduced early postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, but 7.5 mg/kg was found to be more effective. There was no effect on pain reduction at 6, 9 and 24 hours after surgery and no adverse effects were recorded. PMID:24558759
Kocman, Iva Bacak; Krobot, Renata; Premuzi?, Jadranka; Kocman, Ivica; Stare, Ranko; Katalini?, Lea; Basi?-Juki?, Nikolina
[Two patients with an initially unrecognised iatrogenic arteriovenous fistula and successful endovascular therapy following lumbar herniotomy and laparoscopic cholecystectomy].
Patient A, 46-year-old woman, underwent lumbar disc surgery in connection with a radicular syndrome and patient B, a 34-year-old man, underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Both patients suffered postoperatively from dyspnoea, high central venous pressure and an abdominal bruit. Both patients had an initially unrecognised, peroperatively caused, arteriovenous fistula between the common iliac artery and the inferior vena cava. Endovascular therapy was successful. Iatrogenic arteriovenous fistulae are rare and often diagnosed late, partly because in some patients the symptoms may only develop after some delay, partly due to unfamiliarity with this complication on the part of the physician. Doppler ultrasound, CT-scanning and angiography may be used for imaging. Endovascular placement of a covered stent to close the arteriovenous fistula is the treatment of choice. PMID:16503025
Boonstra, R H; van Tol, C A E; Coster, E; Wisselink, W
SILS cholecystectomy, early experience of a single institution: pilot study of 21 cases.
Many surgeons have attempted to reduce the number and the size of ports in laparoscopic cholecystectomy to decrease parietal trauma and pain, and to improve cosmetic results. We report a series of laparoscopic cholecystectomies using a single-port technique (SILS) through an umbilical incision in a pilot group of 21 cases. Our goal was to validate and develop the single-port access as a viable option. All the operations were performed using an umbilical SILS port (Ethicon). Most reported techniques utilize special purpose-made instruments. This article provides a stepwise description of the procedure using all straight instruments. No special reticulating instruments or flexible telescopes were used. We report our early difficulties and concerns about the procedure and propose solutions to the problems. Patients' request for improved cosmesis impels surgeons toward the application of SILS, but the true advantage of the technique should be assessed by more evidences. For this reason, we are planning a single-institution, prospective randomized controlled trial to compare postoperative pain, operating time and cosmetic result between one port and standard laparoscopic surgery. PMID:22539094
Ruffo, G; Barugola, G; Scopelliti, F; Sartori, A; Crippa, S; Partelli, S; Falconi, M
The evaluation of efficacy and safety of paravertebral block for perioperative analgesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Background: Paravertebral block is a popular regional anesthetic technique used for perioperative analgesia in multiple surgical procedures. There are very few randomized trials of its use in laparoscopic cholecystectomy in medical literature. This study was aimed at assessing its efficacy and opioid-sparing potential in this surgery. Methods: Fifty patients were included in this prospective randomized study and allocated to two groups: Group A (25 patients) receiving general anesthesia alone and Group B (25 patients) receiving nerve-stimulator�guided bilateral thoracic Paravertebral Block (PVB) at T6 level with 0.3 ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine prior to induction of general anesthesia. Intraoperative analgesia was supplemented with fentanyl (0.5 ?g/kg) based on hemodynamic and clinical parameters. Postoperatively, patients in both the groups received Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA) morphine for the first 24 hours. The efficacy of PVB was assessed by comparing intraoperative fentanyl requirements, postoperative VAS scores at rest, and on coughing and PCA morphine consumption between the two groups. Results: Intraoperative supplemental fentanyl was significantly less in Group B compared to Group A (17.6 ?g and 38.6 ?g, respectively, P =0.001). PCA morphine requirement was significantly low in the PVB group at 2, 6, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively compared to that in Group A (4.4 mg vs 6.9 mg, 7.6 mg vs 14.2 mg, 11.6 mg vs 20.0 mg, 16.8 mg vs 27.2 mg, respectively; P <0.0001 at all intervals). Conclusion: Pre-induction PVB resulted in improved analgesia for 24 hours following laparoscopic cholecystectomy in this study, along with a significant reduction in perioperative opioid consumption and opioid-related side effects.
Agarwal, Anil; Batra, Ravinder K.; Chhabra, Anjolie; Subramaniam, Rajeshwari; Misra, Mahesh C.
Dexmedetomidine decreases requirement of thiopentone sodium and pentazocine followed with improved recovery in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Background: Pain relief remains the most fundamental and consequential aspect of surgery for patients throughout perioperative period. Dexmedetomidine has created an interest in ?2-adrenoceptor agonists in the management of pain and hence the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the drug in hilly population of North India. Materials and Methods: Patients, irrespective of gender, were randomly allocated to two groups, control and test, each having 30 patients. Test group received an infusion of dexmedetomidine at a rate of 0.5 ?g/kg/h 30 min before induction and 0.6 ?g/kg/h after inducing anesthesia. Control patients received a volume-matched infusion of normal saline as placebo. Approximately 2 min before induction, analgesia was provided in the form of pentazocine, 0.5 mg/kg in control and 0.3 mg/kg in the test group. Induction was performed by 2 mg/kg thiopentone sodium supplemented with intravenous boluses of 25 mg thiopentone sodium every 15 s until loss of eyelid reflex (determined every 15 s). Induction dose of thiopentone sodium and total pentazocine dose were recorded. Recovery was assessed on the clinical recovery score (CRS) scale. Results: Infusion of dexmedetomidine decreased the induction dose of thiopentone approximately by 33% and of pentazocine dose by approximately 39% in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Moreover, incidence of pain was also decreased significantly. Improved CRS from 4.33 to 6.87 was noticed immediately post-operatively in dexmedetomidine group of patients. Conclusion: Infusion of dexmedetomidine during the laparoscopic cholecystectomy decreases the requirement of thiopentone sodium and pentazocine and leads to early recovery of patients.
Khanduja, Suchit; Ohri, Anil; Panwar, Manoj
Delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy is safe and effective for acute severe calculous cholecystitis in patients with advanced cirrhosis: a single center experience.
Acute calculous cholecystitis is a common disease in cirrhotic patients. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can resolve this problem but is performed based on the premise that the local inflammation must been controlled. An Initial ultrasound guided percutaneous transhepatic cholecystostomy may reduce the local inflammation and provide advantages in subsequent surgery. In this paper, we detailed our experience of treating acute severe calculous cholecystitis in patients with advanced cirrhosis by delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy plus initiated ultrasound guided percutaneous transhepatic cholecystostomy and provided the analysis of the treatment effect. We hope this paper can provided a kind of standard procedure for this special disease; however, further prospective comparative randomized trials are needed to assess this treatment in cirrhotic patients with acute cholecystitis. PMID:24772166
Yao, Zhicheng; Hu, Kunpeng; Huang, Pingzhu; Huang, He; Chen, Xingui; Yang, Peisheng; Liu, Bo
ERCP and laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a combined (one-step) procedure: a random comparison to the standard (two-step) procedure
Background Current treatment of complicated calculous biliary disease typically involves a two-step procedure consisting of preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Alternatively, laparoscopic cholecystectomy with intraoperative cholangiogram (IOC) and intraoperative common bile duct exploration or ERCP at a later date may be performed. This study compared the benefits of the traditional two-step procedure to the novel one-step procedure for the management of calculous biliary disease. Methods A retrospective review of 20 patients was conducted comparing one-step to two-step procedures for the management of choledocholithiasis. We define the one-step procedure to be a laparoscopic cholecystectomy with IOC to confirm the presence or absence of stones. Intraoperative ERCP with stone extraction was conducted if necessary as part of the one-step procedure. Results A statistically significant difference existed between hospital charges for one-step ($58,145.30, SD $17,963.09) and two-step ($78,895.53, SD $21,954.78) procedures (p = 0.033). Other parameters (length of stay, preoperative days) trended toward significance; however, statistical significance was not achieved. Conclusions There appears to be a significant cost reduction with implementation of the one-step treatment of calculous biliary disease. Further research with a larger study population is necessary to determine the additional benefits of this procedure and to help augment the surgical endoscopists� armamentarium.
Jones, Maris; Johnson, Matthew; Samourjian, Edward; Slauch, Karen; Ozobia, Nathan
Training for laparoscopic surgery
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has rapidly become the procedure of choice for most patients with symptomatic gallbladder disease. Laparoscopic surgery, however, has not been a required component of most general surgery training programs. The demonstrated efficacy of laparoscopic surgery dictates that this discipline be rapidly incorporated into residency programs. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy and other surgical endoscopic procedures have been an integral part of
Karl A. Zucker; Robert W. Bailey; Scott M. Graham; William Scovil; Anthony L. Imbembo
A randomized, double-blind comparison of granisetron alone and combined with dexamethasone for post-laparoscopic cholecystectomy emetic symptoms?
Background Granisetron hydrochloride, a selective serotonin receptor antagonist, has been used to treat established postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Dexamethasone has been shown to reduce the incidence of chemotherapy-induced emesis when added to an antiemetic regimen. Objective The aim of this study was to examine the differences in efficacy and tolerability between the combination of granisetron plus dexamethasone and granisetron alone for the treatment of PONV. Methods This study was a randomized, double-blind trial conducted at Toride Kyodo General Hospital (Toride, Ibaraki, Japan). Men and women aged 25 to 65 years and experiencing emetic symptoms after laparoscopic cholecystectomy were eligible for the study. Patients received IV therapy with either granisetron 40 ?g/kg alone or with dexamethasone 8 mg. Patients were observed for 24 hours. Emetic episodes and the need for a rescue antiemetic were recorded by nursing staff, who were blinded to treatment assignment. Results One hundred patients (63 women, 37 men; mean [SD] age, 47 [10] years; range, 25�65 years) were enrolled; 50 patients were randomized to each treatment group. No significant differences in baseline demographic or clinical characteristics were observed between the groups. Complete control of established PONV, defined as no emetic symptoms and no need for another rescue antiemetic medication, occurred in significantly more patients who received the combination (49/50 [98%]) than in those who received granisetron alone (41/50 [82%]) (P�=�0.008). No clinically important adverse effects due to the study drugs were observed in either group. Conclusion In this study population of patients experiencing post-cholecystectomy emesis, the combination of granisetron plus dexamethasone was more efficacious than granisetron alone for the treatment of PONV. Tolerability between the 2 treatments was similar.
Fujii, Yoshitaka; Tanaka, Hiroyoshi; Kawasaki, Tsuneo
Selective operative cholangiography and Perioperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Background: Most common bile duct (CBD) stones can now be removed by minimally invasive methods using pre- or postoperative endoscopic sphincterotomy. A few centers explore the bile duct laparoscopically, but not every hospital has access to the equipment for magnetic resonance (MR) cholangiopancreatography to diagnose ductal stones. This study shows the results of an alternative management option. Methods: We did
G. L. Williams; K. D. Vellacott
Visibility enhancement of common bile duct for laparoscopic cholecystectomy by vivid fiber-optic indication: a porcine experiment trial.
Bile duct injury (BDI) is the most serious iatrogenic complication during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and occurs easily in inexperienced surgeons since the position of common bile duct (CBD) and its related ductal junctions are hard to precisely identify in the hepatic anatomy during surgery. BDI can be devastating, leading to chronic morbidity, high mortality, and prolonged hospitalization. In addition, it is the most frequent injury resulting in litigation and the most likely injury associated with a successful medical malpractice claim against surgeons. This study introduces a novel method for conveniently and rapidly indicating the anatomical location of CBD during LC by the direct fiber-optic illumination of 532-nm diode-pumped solid state laser through a microstructured plastic optical fiber to avoid the wrong identification of CBD and the injury from mistakenly cutting the CBD that can lead to permanent and even life threatening consequences. Six porcine were used for preliminary intra-CBD illumination experiments via laparotomy and direct duodenal incision to insert the invented CBD illumination laser catheter with nonharmful but satisfactory visual optical density. PMID:23024892
Lin, Hsing-Ying; Huang, Chen-Han; Shy, Shannon; Chang, Yu-Chung; Chui, Hsiang-Chen; Yu, Tsung-Chih; Chang, Chih-Han
"Hook and roll technique" using an articulating hook cautery to provide a critical view during single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
We describe a new simple and easy technique called the "Hook and roll technique" (HRT) that uses an articulating hook cautery to provide a critical view during single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC). A 2-cm incision is made at the umbilicus to insert three 5-mm trocars or a multichannel port. After dissection of the serosa of the dorsal and ventral sides of the gall bladder, including Calot's triangle, the angled tip of the hook cautery is inserted between the cystic artery and duct with its tip placed dorsally. The tip is then rotated in a clockwise manner to avoid bile duct injury, allowing the connective tissue between them to be hooked, coagulated and cut. This procedure is repeated several times, followed by dissection between the cystic artery and the liver bed to achieve a critical view. From December 2008 to May 2011, 121 patients underwent SILC using HRT in our hospital without any serious complications. This technique is suitable for SILC, as it is consists of simple procedures that can be performed safely and easily, even by left hand in a cross-over approach, and it allows complete dissection of Calot's triangle to achieve a critical view without using any dissector under dangerous in-line viewing. PMID:23970325
Idani, Hitoshi; Nakano, Kanyu; Asami, Shinya; Kubota, Tetsushi; Komoto, Satoshi; Kurose, Yohei; Kubo, Shinichiro; Nojima, Hiroki; Hioki, Katsuyoshi; Kin, Hitoshi; Takakura, Norihisa
Standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy for malposition of the gallbladder caused by right-sided ligamentum teres.
Atypical localization of the gallbladder associated with right-sided ligamentum teres is a rare anomaly of the biliary system. Although the conventional nomenclature as being a left-sided gallbladder is usually used, this definition may be incomprehensive because of lacking the anatomical detail. This report describes atypical localization of the gallbladder associated with right-sided ligamentum teres and abnormal intrahepatic portal venous branching, surgically removed laparoscopically. PMID:24250065
Hasbahceci, Mustafa; Erol, Cengiz; Seker, Mehmet; Basak, Fatih; Alimoglu, Orhan
Comparison of effects of intraoperative esmolol and ketamine infusion on acute postoperative pain after remifentanil-based anesthesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Background Remifentanil is a short-acting drug with a rapid onset that is useful in general anesthesia. Recently, however, it has been suggested that the use of opioids during surgery may cause opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH). Researchers have recently reported that esmolol, an ultra-short-acing ?1 receptor antagonist, reduces the postoperative requirement for morphine and provides more effective analgesia than the administration of remifentanil and ketamine. Hence, this study was conducted to determine whether esmolol reduces early postoperative pain in patients who are continuously infused with remifentanil for anesthesia during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods Sixty patients scheduled to undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly divided into three groups. Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane and 4 ng/ml (target-controlled infusion) of remifentanil in all patients. Esmolol (0.5 mg/kg) was injected and followed with a continuous dosage of 10 �g/kg/min in the esmolol group (n = 20). Ketamine (0.3 mg/kg) was injected and followed with a continuous dosage of 3 �g/kg/min in the ketamine group (n = 20), while the control group was injected and infused with an equal amount of normal saline. Postoperative pain score (visual analog scale [VAS]) and analgesic requirements were compared for the first 6 hours of the postoperative period. Results The pain score (VAS) and fentanyl requirement for 15 minutes after surgery were lower in the esmolol and ketamine groups compared with the control group (P < 0.05). There were no differences between the esmolol and ketamine groups. Conclusions Intraoperative esmolol infusion during laparoscopic cholecystectomy reduced opioid requirement and pain score (VAS) during the early postoperative period after remifentanil-based anesthesia.
Lee, Mi Hyeon; Chung, Mi Hwa; Han, Cheol Sig; Lee, Jeong Hyun; Choi, Young Ryong; Lim, Hyun Kyung; Cha, Young Duk
Technical aspects of cholecystectomy.
The gold standard for the surgical treatment of symptomatic cholelithiasis is conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Although it has been associated with a slightly higher incidence of bile duct injury (BDI) in comparison with open cholecystectomy (OC), LC is considered a very safe operation. Prevention of BDI should be routinely performed in every LC. Recent trends include the performance of cholecystectomy through a single incision and NOTES (Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery). However, lack of evidence of clinical advantages prevents their widespread adoption, and more data are needed to assess whether their use is warranted. PMID:24679430
Ferreres, Alberto R; Asbun, Horacio J
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy due to acute calculous cholecystitis in 16 weeks' in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer pregnancy: report of the first case.
The most common cases of acute abdomen during pregnancy are acute appendicitis followed by acute cholecystitis. The case presented is a 33-year-old patient in 16 weeks' in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer pregnancy who developed acute cholecystitis. Previously there were two unsuccessful cycles, one complicated with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Due to clinical deterioration during intravenous antibiotic therapy laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed and acute cholecystitis found. The postoperative course was uneventful. During the first 24 h tocolysis with intravenous fenoterol in addition to peroral atenolol 2 ? 50 mg was administered. Postoperative course was uneventful with further normal pregnancy. Elective cesarean section was made in term pregnancy (39 weeks) with singleton with Apgar 10/10. Current guidelines do not recommend prophylactic tocolysis in pregnant population with acute abdomen but there is no mention of the IVF-ET subpopulation of patients. Also, there are no guidelines for thromboprophylaxis in such patients with increased risk of thromboembolic accidents. To our knowledge this is the first case report of a laparoscopic cholecystectomy during IVF-ET gestation. PMID:23298928
Augustin, G; Vrcic, H; Zupancic, B
Single-port splenectomy: Current update and controversies
Multiport laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) is considered the �gold standard� for the management of surgical diseases in normal or slightly enlarged spleens. The concept of minimal-invasive surgical techniques has progressed since the early 1990s from standard multiport laparoscopy to natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) and, more recently, to single-port access (SPA). In this paper, we describe our technique for SPA splenectomy and provide a critical review of the current literature on SPA for splenic diseases.Preliminary results published to date indicate that the spleen can be safely removed using single-incision surgery and all the authors have unanimously endorsed the feasibility of this approach. However, available evidence is still scarce. It is based only on case reports and one small series, with a total of 17 patents and, therefore, firm conclusions cannot yet be drawn and more experience and comparative trials are needed to determine the exact role of this interesting new approach.
Targarona, Eduardo M; Lima, Maria B; Balague, Carmen; Trias, Manuel
Double incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (DILC) with routinary intra-operative cholangiography (IOC) : less trauma, same safety. Report on 30 consecutive non-selected cases.
Laparoscopic approach for cholecystectomy is, actually, the gold standard for gallbladder surgical benign diseases. Single transumbilical incision can further reduce abdominal wall trauma. Two main related issues are still to be enlighten: difficulty in obtaining a clear exposure of the Calot's triangle and routinely use of intra-operative cholangiography (IOC). A standardized technique of double incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (DILC) with routine IOC is described. Between January and May 2012, 30 consecutive patients scheduled for elective cholecystectomy underwent DILC with IOC. Exclusion criteria were: clinical and/or radiological suspect of gallbladder malignancy/acute cholecystitis (AC)/common duct stones; ASA > 3; previous extensive abdominal surgery. Follow-up was performed at 7, 30 and 60 days postoperatively. Three 5-mm trocars through the umbilicus and one 3-mm subcostally on the right are used, along with a 30� laparoscopic camera. IOC is performed through the 3-mm channel. Median age was 49.5 years (range 24-78); female/male was 21/9. Median BMI was 27.4 (range 16.2-38.9). AC was encountered in five cases (17 %). Synchronous AC and choledocolithiasis occurred in one case (3 %), requiring conversion to laparoscopic choledocolithotomy. Additional ports were required in these latter five patients (17 %). IOC was routinely attempted in all patients, succeeding in 26 (86 %). Median operative 'skin to skin' time was 47.8 min (range 25-75). In the subgroup not receiving IOC, median operative time was 35 min (range 25-45); 51.5 min as median time (range 25-75) was reported for the subgroup undergone the entire planned procedure. No intraoperative complications occurred. Median length of stay was 1.51 days (range 1-5). Postoperative minor complications occurred in three patients (10 %) and wound umbilical infection occurred in one (3.4 %). DILC with the routine use of IOC seems to be repeatable and safe. Even if DILC seems more easily learnt, further studies are needed to address this issue. PMID:23397100
D'Antonio, Dario; Franzato, Boris; Fusco, Grazia; Ruperto, Mariangela; Dal Pozzo, Aldo
Thirty-day complications after laparoscopic or open cholecystectomy: a population-based cohort study in Italy
Objective The objective of the study is to evaluate short-term complications after laparoscopic (LC) or open cholecystectomy (OC) in patients with gallstones by using linked hospital discharge data. Design Population-based cohort study. Setting Data were obtained from the Regional Hospital Discharge Registry Lazio Region in Central Italy (around 5 million inhabitants) in 2007�2008. Participants All patients admitted to hospitals of Lazio with symptomatic gallstones (International Classification of disease, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM)=574) who underwent LC (ICD-9-CM 51.23) or OC (ICD-9-CM 51.22). Outcome measures (1)�30-day surgical-related complications� defined as any complication of the biliary tract (including postoperative infection, haemorrhage or haematoma or seroma complicating a procedure, persistent postoperative fistula, perforation of bile duct and disruption of wound). (2) �30-day systemic complications� defined as any complications of other organs (including sepsis, infections from other organs, major cardiovascular events and selected adverse events). Results 13?651 patients were included; 86.1% had LC, 13.9% OC. 2.0% experienced surgical-related complications (SRC), 2.1% systemic complications (SC). The OR of complications after LC versus OC was 0.60 (p<0.001) for SRC and 0.52 (p<0.001) for SC. In relation to SRC, the advantage of LC was consistent across age categories, severity of gallstones and previous upper abdominal surgery, whereas there was no advantage among people with emergency admission (OR=0.94, p=0.764). For SC, no significant advantage of LC was seen among very old people (OR=0.99, p=0.975) and among those with previous upper abdominal surgery (OR=0.86, p=0.905). Conclusions This large observational study confirms that LC is more effective than OC with respect to 30-day complications. Population-based linkage of administrative datasets can enlarge evidence of treatment benefits in clinical practice.
Agabiti, Nera; Stafoggia, Massimo; Davoli, Marina; Fusco, Danilo; Barone, Anna Patrizia; Perucci, Carlo Alberto
Laparoscopic laser cholecystectomy
The standard treatment of cholelithiasis in the United States is surgical removal of the gallbladder, but this treatment often has a major economic impact on the patient: major surgery, lengthy hospitalization, and several weeks' absence from work. Because of this economic factor, there has been a movement toward non-invasive methods, but they, too, have their drawbacks: long-term medical therapy; a
Eddie Joe Reddick; Douglas Ole Olsen
The predictive value of pre-operative symptoms including upper gastrointestinal endoscopy before laparoscopic cholecystectomy for elective symptomatic cholecystolithiasis.
Background It has always been a challenge to distinguish between upper gastrointestinal symptoms due to gall stones or any other causes. The persistence of abdominal symptoms even after cholecystectomy is highly discouraging for surgeons. Objective To evaluate the value of preoperative (UGE) as a routine investigative tool in patients with gall stone disease and to assess the outcome of cholecystectomy in patients with gallstones on preoperative abdominal symptoms. Methods This is a prospective study conducted on 96 cases at the Department of Surgery, Dhulikhel Hospital among ultrasonographically proven gall bladder stones irrespective of age and sex. After the examination, all the patients were subjected to UGE, and biopsy were obtained for histopathology if required. The statistical analysis were performed using spss version 16. Results Out of total patients, 84(87.5%) were females and 12(12.5%) were males with a M: F ratio of 1:7. Both the sexes were comparable in age groups. Out of total 96 patients, 53(55.2%) presented with typical pain and 43(44.8%) presented with atypical pain. All the patients were subjected to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGE) and 53(55.2%) had normal findings and 43(44.8%) had various lesions. Patients with typical pattern of pain had normal endoscopic findings and those with atypical pain had pathology in upper gastroendoscopy (p<0.001). Serious pathology resulting to change of the planned treatment was found in three cases (3.12%). Among them two had gastric carcinoma and one had active peptic ulcer disease. The relief rate after the cholecystectomy was significant in patients with typical pain than among those with atypical pain (p<0.001). The commenest post cholecystectomy symptoms were heart burn (10%), abdominal discomfort (9%) and dyspepsia (7%). Conclusion Presence of atypical pain in patients with gall stones is highly likely to have other coexisting upper gastrointestinal pathologies. Hence, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy prior to elective cholecystectomy in patients with gall stones can be clinically helpful. PMID:24899324
Karmacharya, A; Malla, B R; Joshi, H N; Gurung, R B; Rajbhandari, M
A Modified Technique Reduced Operative Time of Laparoendoscopic Rendezvous Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Combined with Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Concomitant Gallstone and Common Bile Ductal Stone
Laparoendoscopic rendezvous (LERV) endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC+ERCP/LERV) are considered an optimal approach for concomitant gallstones and common bile duct stones. The rendezvous technique is essential for the success of procedure. We applied two different LERV techniques, traditional technique and modified technique, in 60 consecutive cases from January 2011 to November 2012. 32 cases who underwent modified technique (group 1) from February 2012 to November 2012 were retrospectively compared to 28 cases (group 2) who underwent traditional technique from January 2011 to January 2012. There was no significant difference between two groups with respect to preoperative demographic features. Although the difference was not statistically significant, the procedure was successfully performed in 31 cases (96.9%) in group 1 and 24 cases (86.2%) in group 2. The mean operative time and time of endoscopic part were 82.6?�?19.6?min and 26.5?�?5.99?min in group 1 which were significantly shorter than those in group 2 (118.0?�?23.1?min and 58.7?�?13.3?min, resp.). There was no postoperative pancreatitis and mortality in both groups. The mean hospital stay, blood loss, incidence of complications, and residual stone were of no difference in both groups. This study proved that this modified technique can effectively reduce the operative time and time of endoscopic part of LC+ERCP/LERV compared with traditional technique.
Liu, Wei; Wang, Qunwei; Xiao, Jing; Zhao, Liying; Huang, Jiangsheng; Tan, Zhaohui; Li, Pengfei
A modified technique reduced operative time of laparoendoscopic rendezvous endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography combined with laparoscopic cholecystectomy for concomitant gallstone and common bile ductal stone.
Laparoendoscopic rendezvous (LERV) endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC+ERCP/LERV) are considered an optimal approach for concomitant gallstones and common bile duct stones. The rendezvous technique is essential for the success of procedure. We applied two different LERV techniques, traditional technique and modified technique, in 60 consecutive cases from January 2011 to November 2012. 32 cases who underwent modified technique (group 1) from February 2012 to November 2012 were retrospectively compared to 28 cases (group 2) who underwent traditional technique from January 2011 to January 2012. There was no significant difference between two groups with respect to preoperative demographic features. Although the difference was not statistically significant, the procedure was successfully performed in 31 cases (96.9%) in group 1 and 24 cases (86.2%) in group 2. The mean operative time and time of endoscopic part were 82.6?�?19.6?min and 26.5?�?5.99?min in group 1 which were significantly shorter than those in group 2 (118.0?�?23.1?min and 58.7?�?13.3?min, resp.). There was no postoperative pancreatitis and mortality in both groups. The mean hospital stay, blood loss, incidence of complications, and residual stone were of no difference in both groups. This study proved that this modified technique can effectively reduce the operative time and time of endoscopic part of LC+ERCP/LERV compared with traditional technique. PMID:25024701
Liu, Wei; Wang, Qunwei; Xiao, Jing; Zhao, Liying; Huang, Jiangsheng; Tan, Zhaohui; Li, Pengfei
Endoscopic single-port "components separation technique" for postoperative abdominal reconstruction
BACKGROUND: In 1990, Ramirez introduced a new procedure to close abdominal wall hernia (AWH), called �components separation technique (CST)�. Thanks to endoscopy, surgical repair possibilities have risen, reducing the operative trauma and preserving vascular and neuronal anatomical structures. This report aims to describe a single port endoscopic approach for CST to repair the abdominal wall of a patient undergoing surgery for abdominal aneurysm and already subject to placement of a mesh for AWH. METHODS: We performed endoscopic-assisted CST, using a single-port access with a gasless technique. CONCLUSION: CST is a useful procedure to close large abdominal wall incisional hernia avoiding the use of mesh, notably under contamination, when prosthetic material use is contraindicated. The endoscopic-assisted CST produces same results than the conventional open separation technique and also minimised tissue trauma that ensures blood supply and prevents postoperative wounds complications. The described single port method was found to be safe and effective to close large midline abdominal hernias when a primary open or laparoscopic closure is not feasible or when patients have been previously treated with abdominal meshes.
Rulli, Francesco; Villa, Massimo; Tucci, Gianfranco
Cholecystectomy in patients aged 80 and older
Background: We assessed whether the increase in performance of laparoscopic cholecystectomy has affected patients aged 80 and older and if outcomes of a laparoscopic approach in this population would show improvement over those for open surgery.Methods: We analyzed an 11-state discharge database obtained from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. Release 1 contains a 20%
J. Gary Maxwell; Bradford A Tyler; Robert Rutledge; Carla C Brinker; Bryan G Maxwell; Deborah L Covington
Comparison between lornoxicam quick-release and parecoxib for post-operative analgesia after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A prospective randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Background: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are valuable for post-operative pain as they reduce the use of opioids. Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors and traditional NSAIDs can be used. This is a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial to study the efficacy and the safety of the oral administration of lornoxicam quick release tablets versus intravenously administered parecoxib for the management of pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Materials and Methods: One hundred and eight patients, American Society of Anesthesiologists I-II, were randomized to either group A (n = 36): Lornoxicam quick-release 8 mg PO, group B (n = 36): Parecoxib 40 mg intravenous (IV) or group C (n = 36) placebo, for post-operative analgesia, 30 min before the operation and 12 and 24 h post-operatively. All patients received a standard dose of meperidine 1 mg/kg intramuscularly before the incision and post-operatively as rescue analgesia, when visual analog scale (VAS) pain score was <4. Pain at rest and on movement was assessed at 20 min, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 h post-operatively. Total meperidine administration and adverse events were also recorded. Results: There were significantly lower VAS pain scores at 20 min, 3, 6, 12 and 18 h at rest or with movement in the lornoxicam quick release and parecoxib groups compared with the placebo group. The number of patients requiring rescue analgesia (meperidine) was significantly higher in the placebo group (P = 0.001). The average dose of meperidine administered was significantly higher in the placebo group, both at 20 min (P = 0.013/0.007) and 24 h (P = 0.037/0.023) post-operatively. VAS scores and meperidine requirements were similar in patients who received lornoxicam or parecoxib. Conclusions: Parecoxib 40 mg IV and lornoxicam quick-release 8 mg PO every 12 h are equivalent adjuvant analgesics with a greater efficacy than placebo for post-operative analgesia in patients undergoing LC.
Kouroukli, Irene; Zompolas, Vasilios; Tsekoura, Vasiliki; Papazoglou, Ioannis; Louizos, Antonis; Panaretou, Venetiana
Robotic single-port transumbilical total hysterectomy: a pilot study
Objective To evaluate the feasibility of robotic single-port transumbilical total hysterectomy using a home-made surgical glove port system. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent robotic single-port transumbilical total hysterectomy between January 2010 and July 2010. All surgical procedures were performed through a single 3-4-cm umbilical incision, with a multi-channel system consisting of a wound retractor, a surgical glove, and two 10/12-mm and two 8 mm trocars. Results Seven patients were treated with robotic single-port transumbilical total hysterectomy. Procedures included total hysterectomy due to benign gynecological disease (n=5), extra-fascial hysterectomy due to carcinoma in situ of the cervix (n=1), and radical hysterectomy due to cervical cancer IB1 (n=1). The median total operative time was 109 minutes (range, 105 to 311 minutes), the median blood loss was 100 mL (range, 10 to 750 mL), and the median weight of the resected uteri was 200 g (range, 40 to 310 g). One benign case was converted to 3-port robotic surgery due to severe pelvic adhesions, and no post-operative complications occurred. Conclusion Robotic single-port transumbilical total hysterectomy is technically feasible in selected patients with gynecological disease. Robotics may enhance surgical skills during single-port transumbilical hysterectomy, especially in patients with gynecologic cancers.
Nam, Eun Ji; Kim, Sang Wun; Lee, Maria; Yim, Ga Won; Paek, Ji Heum; Lee, San Hui; Kim, Sunghoon; Kim, Jae Hoon; Kim, Jae Wook
Laparoscopic repair for groin hernias
Laparoscopic inguinal herniorrhaphy was first described by Ger, Schultz, Corbitt, and Filipi in the early 1990s (1-4) and burst upon the surgical scene just after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. It rapidly became popular, and many different techniques for repair were developed. Over the last decade much good work has been done to find which type of laparoscopic repair is best, to determine
Chad J. Davis; Maurice E. Arregui
Measuring the rate of weight gain and the influential role of diet in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a 6-month follow-up study.
Weight gain after cholecystectomy is one of the major surgical problems consistent with morbidities and long-term mortalities. Here, we aimed to study the impact of palliative cholecystectomy on weight gain and nutritional status of the patients before and in 1, 4 and 6 months after surgery. We performed a prospective survey on a cohort of 48 patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy. The nutritional status of the patients was collected by nutrition nurse and analysed by NutriBase software. There were 13 (16%) females and 35 (84%) males with the mean age of 51.8���1.97. In 6 months after surgery, patients had higher values of BMI, daily energy expenditure, carbohydrate and lipid consumption and a decreased level of protein consumption. Weight gain after surgery was caused by an increase in fat consumption which resulted in the weight gain and worsening of lipid profile. Dietary consultation, shortly after surgery, would improve patient outcome after cholecystectomy. PMID:22229881
Yazdankhah Kenary, Adel; Yaghoobi Notash, Aidin; Nazari, Mohammad; Yaghoobi Notash, Ali; Borjian, Anahita; Afshin, Naser; Khashayar, Patricia; Ahmadi Amoli, Hadi; Morteza, Afsaneh
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Methylprednisolone, Etoricoxib and a Combination of the Two Substances to Attenuate Postoperative Pain and PONV in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Prospective, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial
Background Establishment of laparoscopic cholecystectomy as an outpatient procedure has accentuated the clinical importance of reducing early postoperative pain, as well as postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). We therefore planned to evaluate the role of a multimodal approach in attenuating these problems. Methods One hundred and twenty adult patients of ASA physical status I and II and undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included in this prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Patients were divided into four groups of 30 each to receive methylprednisolone 125 mg intravenously or etoricoxib 120 mg orally or a combination of methylprednisolone 125 mg intravenously and etoricoxib 120 mg orally or a placebo 1 hr prior to surgery. Patients were observed for postoperative pain, fentanyl consumption, PONV, fatigue and sedation, and respiratory depression. Results were analyzed by the ANOVA, a Chi square test, the Mann Whitney U test and by Fisher's exact test. P values of less than 0.05 were considered to be significant. Results Postoperative pain and fentanyl consumption were significantly reduced by methylprednisolone, etoricoxib and their combination when compared with placebo (P<0.05). The methylprednisolone + etoricoxib combination caused a significant reduction in postoperative pain and fentanyl consumption as compared to methylprednisolone or etoricoxib alone (P<0.05); however, there was no significant difference between the methylprednisolone and etoricoxib groups (P>0.05). The methylprednisolone and methylprednisolone + etoricoxib combination significantly reduced the incidence and severity of PONV and fatigue as well as the total number of patients requiring an antiemetic treatment compared to the placebo and etoricoxib (P<0.05). Conclusions A preoperative single-dose administration of a combination of methylprednisolone and etoricoxib reduces postoperative pain along with fentanyl consumption, PONV, antiemetic requirements and fatigue more effectively than methylprednisolone or etoricoxib alone or a placebo.
Agarwal, Amita; Das, Pravin Kumar; Agarwal, Anil; Kumar, Sanjay; Khuba, Sandeep
Large Conization and Laparoendoscopic Single-Port Pelvic Lymphadenectomy in Early-Stage Cervical Cancer for Fertility Preservation
Fertility preservation in early-stage cervical cancer is a hot topic in gynecologic oncology. Although radical vaginal trachelectomy (RVT) is suggested as a fertility preserving approach, there are some serious concerns like cervical stenosis, second trimester loss, preterm delivery in survivors, and lack of residual tumor in the majority of the surgical specimens. Therefore, less radical surgical operations have been proposed in early-stage cervical carcinomas. On the other hand, single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) is an evolving endoscopic approach for minimal access surgery. In this report, we present a case with early-stage cervical cancer who wishes to preserve fertility. We successfully performed single-port pelvic lymphadenectomy and large conization to preserve fertility potential of the patient. We think that combination of less radical approach like conization and single-port pelvic lymphadenectomy might be less minimally invasive and is still an effective surgical approach in well-selected cases with cervical carcinomas. Incorporation of single-port laparoscopy into the minimally invasive fertility sparing management of the cervical cancer will improve patients outcome with less complications and better cosmesis. Further studies are needed to reach a clear conclusion.
Dursun, Polat; Caglar, Mete; Akilli, Huseyin; Ayhan, Ali
Cholecystectomy in Sweden 2000 - 2003: a nationwide study on procedures, patient characteristics, and mortality
Background Epidemiological data on characteristics of patients undergoing open or laparoscopic cholecystectomy are limited. In this register study we examined characteristics and mortality of patients who underwent cholecystectomy during hospital stay in Sweden 2000 � 2003. Methods Hospital discharge and death certificate data were linked for all patients undergoing cholecystectomy in Sweden from January 1st 2000 through December 31st 2003. Mortality risk was calculated as standardised mortality ratio (SMR) i.e. observed over expected deaths considering age and gender of the background population. Results During the four years of the study 43072 patients underwent cholecystectomy for benign biliary disease, 31144 (72%) using a laparoscopic technique and 11928 patients (28%) an open procedure (including conversion from laparoscopy). Patients with open cholecystectomy were older than patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy (59 vs 49 years, p < 0.001), they were more likely to have been admitted to hospital during the year preceding cholecystectomy, and they had more frequently been admitted acutely for cholecystectomy (57% Vs 21%, p < 0.001). The proportion of women was lower in the open cholecystectomy group compared to the laparoscopic group (57% vs 73%, p < 0.001). Hospital stay was 7.9 (8.9) days, mean (SD), for patients with open cholecystectomy and 2.6 (3.3) days for patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy, p < 0.001. SMR within 90 days of index admission was 3.89 (3.41�4.41) (mean and 95% CI), for patients with open cholecystectomy and 0.73 (0.52�1.01) for patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy. During this period biliary disease accounted for one third of all deaths in both groups. From 91 to 365 days after index admission, SMR for patients in the open group was 1.01 (0.87�1.16) and for patients in the laparoscopic group 0.56 (0.44�0.69). Conclusion Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is performed on patients having a lower mortality risk than the general Swedish population. Patients with open cholecystectomy are more sick than patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and they have a mortality risk within 90 days of admission for cholecystectomy, which is four times that of the general population. Further efforts to reduce surgical trauma in open biliary surgery are motivated.
Rosenmuller, Mats; Haapamaki, Markku M; Nordin, Par; Stenlund, Hans; Nilsson, Erik
Single Port Electro-Thermal Propulsion-Performance Factors
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Performance models for single port ETP (Electro-Thermal Propulsion) devices are presented considering all significant efficiency factors. Single-port ETP devices, which use the nozzle exit as entrance port for beamed power, are capable of high efficiency and high thrust with low mass penalty for both propellant and structure. Previously considered parabolic nozzle shapes have operated in pulse mode to exchange energy at a concentrated focal region, resulting in low efficiency. The proposed cone/bell shape diffuses the focal region prior to chamber entry to allow continuous combustion inside the chamber with high efficiency. Mechanical and thermal limits are evaluated. For vacuum operation, low chamber pressure operation is possible. Thin wall thruster construction results in low chamber and nozzle mass. Further, at low pressure, regenerative cooling is needed only for the chamber and throat region with radiation cooling for the nozzle exit region. These factors permit high expansion ratio and thrust-to-weight ratio needed for performance.
Johansen, Donald G.
[Laparoscopic-assisted colectomy].
After gaining experience in laparoscopic cholecystectomy, laparoscopic appendectomy and other laparoscopic procedures, we decided to perform laparoscopic-assisted colectomy. During July 1992 to February 1993 we performed 14 such procedures. Ages ranged from 46-83 years (mean, 68). In all cases the indication for surgery was neoplasm of the colon. 8 of the tumors were located in the right colon and 6 in the sigmoid. Procedures performed were laparoscopic-assisted right hemicolectomy with a biofragmentable anastomotic ring or laparoscopic-assisted sigmoidectomy with end-to-end anastomosis. In 1 operation we combined laparoscopic cholecystectomy with laparoscopic right hemicolectomy. Operation time varied from 90-130 min (mean, 100 min). In our opinion the procedure is as radical as standard laparotomy with the number of lymph nodes per specimen ranging from 4-10 (mean, 7); the surgical margins were free of tumor in all cases. There was less pain in the postoperative period than with the standard procedure and the average time from operation to discharge was 7 days (range, 5-9). Complications included 1 fatality due to postoperative myocardial infarction, and 1 case of duodenal perforation which was sutured during the operation. We conclude that laparoscopic-assisted right hemicolectomy and laparoscopic sigmoidectomy are feasible for carcinoma, and that recovery is quicker and with less pain. However, we need a larger series and long-term follow-up to conclude whether the laparoscopic assisted technic is an adequate operation in cases of cancer. PMID:8144081
Walfisch, S; Twena, M; Avinoah, E; Charuzi, I
[Phenotyping by total oxidative hepatic capacity in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy: two categories of patients and duration of post-anesthesia rehabilitation].
In patients, undergoing laparoscopy cholecystectomy, two phenotype categories were identified on the basis of the total oxidative hepatic capacity determined by antipyrine test, which differed by duration of post-anesthesia rehabilitation. The potential of antipyrine phenotyping for individualisation of anesthetics' dosing is discussed. PMID:24006615
Chuenkova, E A; Ziganshina, L E
Laparoscopic surgery of the bile ducts.
Laparoscopic surgery of the bile ducts is evolving rapidly. Laparoscopic bile duct exploration is reaching wide application and is competitive with postoperative ERCP for treatment of choledocholithiasis. Staging laparoscopy is an important laparoscopic advance that is increasing resectability rates for pancreatic and hepatic tumors through laparoscopic detection of unresectable tumors. Bile duct injury is an important problem in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Classification, avoidance, and management are discussed. PMID:8903564
Strasberg, S M; Callery, M P; Soper, N J
Toward a Hybrid Snake Robot for Single-Port Surgery
We propose a new snake-like robot for use in single-port minimally invasive surgery. The snake robot is made of a concentric tube robot and a highly articulated robotic probe. The probe operates as a stiff shield for the concentric tube robot. Consequently, the snake robot provides simultaneously high tip stiffness and dexterity that cannot be obtained by the single use of any of two robots. A critical design challenge is achieving a small radius of curvature for the hybrid snake. A mechanic model is presented for computing the minimum achievable radius of curvature for the hybrid snake. Experiments validate the mechanic model.
Mahvash, Mohsen; Zenati, Marco
Is laparoscopic intraoperative cholangiogram a matter of routine?
Background: Intraoperative cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy reveals the anatomy of the biliary tree and any stones contained within it. The use of intraoperative cholangiography may be routine for all laparoscopic cholecystectomy. An alternative approach is a selective policy, performing intraoperative cholangiography only for those cases in which choledocholithiasis is suspected on clinical grounds, or those for which the anatomy appears
Matthew S. Metcalfe; M. B. B. Chir; Thao Ong; Martin H. Bruening; Harish Iswariah; Simon A. Wemyss-Holden; Guy J. Maddern
Is laparoscopic intraoperative cholangiogram a matter of routine?
BackgroundIntraoperative cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy reveals the anatomy of the biliary tree and any stones contained within it. The use of intraoperative cholangiography may be routine for all laparoscopic cholecystectomy. An alternative approach is a selective policy, performing intraoperative cholangiography only for those cases in which choledocholithiasis is suspected on clinical grounds, or those for which the anatomy appears unclear
Matthew S Metcalfe; Thao Ong; Martin H Bruening; Harish Iswariah; Simon A Wemyss-Holden; Guy J Maddern
Transanal Endoscopic Video-Assisted Excision: Application of Single-Port Access
Background: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery is a safe and efficacious surgical approach for local excision of benign adenomas and early-stage rectal cancer. However, utilization of the technique has been limited due to the unavailability of high-priced specialized instrumentation at many institutions and the technically demanding training required. To avoid these obstacles, we have explored an alternative approach called Transanal Endoscopic Video-Assisted excision, which combines the merits of single-port access and local transanal excision. Methods: A disposable single-incision port is inserted into the anal canal for transanal access. The port contains 3 cannulae for introducing instrumentation into the rectal lumen, and a supplementary cannula for carbon dioxide insufflation. Pneumorectum results in rectal distention and optimizes the visual field during the procedure. Standard laparoscopic instrumentation is utilized for visualization and transanal excision of rectal pathologies. Conclusions: Transanal endoscopic video-assisted excision is an innovative approach to local excision of benign and malignant rectal lesions. The approach averts several of the pitfalls commonly experienced with transanal endoscopic microsurgery. Continued investigation and development of this novel modality will be important in establishing its role in minimally invasive surgery.
Ragupathi, Madhu
Comparison of recovery characteristics, postoperative nausea and vomiting, and gastrointestinal motility with total intravenous anesthesia with propofol versus inhalation anesthesia with desflurane for laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A randomized controlled study
Background:Clinical effects, recovery characteristics, and costs of total intravenous anesthesia with different inhalational anesthetics have been investigated and compared; however, there are no reported clinical studies focusing on the effects of anesthesia with propofol and desflurane in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and alfentanil compared with those of desflurane and alfentanil on recovery characteristics, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), duration of hospitalization, and gastrointestinal motility. Methods: Patients classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy due to benign gallbladder disease were enrolled in the study. Patients were randomly assigned at a 1:1 ratio to receive total intravenous anesthesia with propofol (2�2.5 mg/kg) and alfentanil (20 ?g/kg) or desflurane (4%�6%) and alfentanil (20 ?g/kg). Perioperative management during premedication, intraoperative analgesia, relaxation, ventilation, and postoperative analgesia were carried out identically in the 2 groups. Extubation time, recovery time, PONV, postoperative antiemetic requirement, time to gastrointestinal motility and flatus, duration of hospitalization, and adverse effects were recorded. Postoperative pain was assessed using a visual analogue scale. Results: Sixty-eight patients were assessed for inclusion in the study; 5 were excluded because they chose open surgery and 3 did not complete the study because they left the hospital. Sixty patients (33 women, 27 men) completed the study. Recovery time was significantly shorter in the propofol group (n = 30) compared with the desflurane group (n = 30) (8.0 [0.77] vs 9.2 [0.66] min, respectively; P < 0.005). Fifteen patients (50.0%) in the propofol group and 20 patients (66.7%) in the desflurane group experienced nausea during the first 24 hours after surgery. The difference was not considered significant. In the propofol group, significantly fewer patients had vomiting episodes compared with those in the desflurane group (2 [6.7%] vs 16 [53.3%]; P < 0.005). Significantly fewer patients in the propofol group required analgesic medication in the first 24 hours after surgery compared with those in the desflurane group (10 [33.3%] vs 15 [50.0%]; P < 0.005). Patients in the propofol group experienced bowel movements in a significantly shorter period of time compared with patients in the desflurane group (8.30 [1.67] vs 9.76 [1.88] hours; P = 0.02). The mean time to flatus occurred significantly sooner after surgery in the propofol group than in the desflurane group (8.70 [1.79] vs 9.46 [2.09] hours; P = 0.01). The duration of hospitalization after surgery was significantly shorter in the propofol group than in the desflurane group (40.60 [3.49] vs 43.60 [3.56] hours; P = 0.03). Conclusion: Total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and alfentanil was associated with a significantly reduced rate of PONV and analgesic consumption, shortened recovery time and duration of hospitalization, accelerated onset of bowel movements, and increased patient satisfaction compared with desflurane and alfentanil in these patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery who completed the study.
Akkurt, B. Cagla Ozbakis; Temiz, Muhyittin; Inanoglu, Kerem; Aslan, Ahmet; Turhanoglu, Selim; Asfuroglu, Zeynel; Canbolant, Elif
Comparison of recovery characteristics, postoperative nausea and vomiting, and gastrointestinal motility with total intravenous anesthesia with propofol versus inhalation anesthesia with desflurane for laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A randomized controlled study.
Background:Clinical effects, recovery characteristics, and costs of total intravenous anesthesia with different inhalational anesthetics have been investigated and compared; however, there are no reported clinical studies focusing on the effects of anesthesia with propofol and desflurane in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and alfentanil compared with those of desflurane and alfentanil on recovery characteristics, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), duration of hospitalization, and gastrointestinal motility. Methods: Patients classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy due to benign gallbladder disease were enrolled in the study. Patients were randomly assigned at a 1:1 ratio to receive total intravenous anesthesia with propofol (2-2.5 mg/kg) and alfentanil (20 ?g/kg) or desflurane (4%-6%) and alfentanil (20 ?g/kg). Perioperative management during premedication, intraoperative analgesia, relaxation, ventilation, and postoperative analgesia were carried out identically in the 2 groups. Extubation time, recovery time, PONV, postoperative antiemetic requirement, time to gastrointestinal motility and flatus, duration of hospitalization, and adverse effects were recorded. Postoperative pain was assessed using a visual analogue scale. Results: Sixty-eight patients were assessed for inclusion in the study; 5 were excluded because they chose open surgery and 3 did not complete the study because they left the hospital. Sixty patients (33 women, 27 men) completed the study. Recovery time was significantly shorter in the propofol group (n = 30) compared with the desflurane group (n = 30) (8.0 [0.77] vs 9.2 [0.66] min, respectively; P < 0.005). Fifteen patients (50.0%) in the propofol group and 20 patients (66.7%) in the desflurane group experienced nausea during the first 24 hours after surgery. The difference was not considered significant. In the propofol group, significantly fewer patients had vomiting episodes compared with those in the desflurane group (2 [6.7%] vs 16 [53.3%]; P < 0.005). Significantly fewer patients in the propofol group required analgesic medication in the first 24 hours after surgery compared with those in the desflurane group (10 [33.3%] vs 15 [50.0%]; P < 0.005). Patients in the propofol group experienced bowel movements in a significantly shorter period of time compared with patients in the desflurane group (8.30 [1.67] vs 9.76 [1.88] hours; P = 0.02). The mean time to flatus occurred significantly sooner after surgery in the propofol group than in the desflurane group (8.70 [1.79] vs 9.46 [2.09] hours; P = 0.01). The duration of hospitalization after surgery was significantly shorter in the propofol group than in the desflurane group (40.60 [3.49] vs 43.60 [3.56] hours; P = 0.03). Conclusion: Total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and alfentanil was associated with a significantly reduced rate of PONV and analgesic consumption, shortened recovery time and duration of hospitalization, accelerated onset of bowel movements, and increased patient satisfaction compared with desflurane and alfentanil in these patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery who completed the study. PMID:24683221
Akkurt, B Cagla Ozbakis; Temiz, Muhyittin; Inanoglu, Kerem; Aslan, Ahmet; Turhanoglu, Selim; Asfuroglu, Zeynel; Canbolant, Elif
Laparoendoscopic single-site cholecystectomy in a pregnant patient
Feasibility and safety of laparoscopic cholecystectomy during pregnancy for patients with symptomatic or complicated gallstone disease is well established. Laparoendoscopic single-site cholecystectomy (LESS-chole) is a new modality in which the entire surgery is undertaken via a transumbilical incision. We describe a 33-year-old patient who underwent a LESS-chole in the 20th week of pregnancy for gallstone disease complicated by episodes of obstructive jaundice and acute pancreatitis. This is the first reported case of LESS-chole performed using conventional laparoscopic instruments. The technical aspects as well as the various perioperative measures utilized to undertake this procedure safely are outlined.
Behera, Ramya Ranjan; Salgaonkar, Hrishikesh P; Bhandarkar, Deepraj S; Gupta, Tarun; Desai, Shyam
Coelioscopic cholecystectomy: Experience with 2006 cases
2006 laparoscopic cholecystectomies (LC) were performed from April 1988 to December 1992 by three senior surgeons using the French technique and selective intraoperative cholangiography (IOC). Obesity was present in 318 patients (15.8%), respiratory insufficiency in 75 (3.7%), inflammation in 251 (12.5%), and common bile duct (CBD) stones in 83 (4.1%). The presence of these additional ailments is a good indication
Fran�ois Dubois; G�rard Berthelot; Hughes Levard
Rise in liver enzymes after laproscopic cholecystectomy: a transient phenomenon.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of laparoscopic surgery on liver function in humans and the possible mechanisms behind such effect. Blood samples from 30 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and 20 patients who underwent open cholecystectomy (OC) were tested for liver function by measuring the level of serum alanine aminotrasferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotrasferase (AST) before and after surgery. The level of serum ALT and AST increased significantly during the first 24 hours after surgery in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. However, no significant change of the serum liver enzymes was detected in open cholecystectomy patients. As a result, there was statistically significant difference in change of both ALT and AST levels between LC and OC patients. The effect was transient and reverted back to normal by the 7th day post operation. Transient elevation of hepatic transaminases occurred after laparoscopic surgery. The major causative factor seemed to be the CO2 pneumoperitoneum. In most of the laparoscopic surgery patients, the transient elevation of serum liver enzymes showed no apparent clinical implications. PMID:24047021
Koirala, R; Shakya, V C; Khania, S; Adhikary, S; Agrawal, C S
Single-Port Access Subtotal Hysterectomy with Transcervical Morcellation: A Pilot Study
We evaluated the feasibility, safety, and operative outcome of management of myomas and adenomyosis using single-port access subtotal hysterectomy with transcervical morcellation using a wound retractor and a surgical glove. We conclude the single-port access subtotal hysterectomy is safe and effective and results in almost no visible scar. With more experience and advanced instruments, this surgical procedure can offer a
Gun Yoon; Tae-Joong Kim; Yoo-Young Lee; Chul-Jung Kim; Chel Hun Choi; Jeong-Won Lee; Byoung-Gie Kim; Duk-Soo Bae
Randomised study on single stage laparo-endoscopic rendezvous (intra-operative ERCP) procedure versus two stage approach (Pre-operative ERCP followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy) for the management of cholelithiasis with choledocholithiasis
INTRODUCTION: The �Rendezvous� technique consists of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) standards with intra-operative cholangiography followed by endoscopic sphincterotomy. The sphincterotome is driven across the papilla through a guidewire inserted by the transcystic route. In this study, we intended to compare the two methods in a prospective randomised trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 2005 to 2012, we enrolled 83 patients with a diagnosis of cholecysto-choledocolithiasis. They were randomised into two groups. In �group-A�,41 patients were treated with two stages management, first by pre-operative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and common bile duct (CBD) clearance and second by LC. In �group-B�, 42 patients were treated with LC and intra-operative cholangiography; and when diagnosis of choledocholithiasis was confirmed, patients had undergone one stage management of by Laparo-endoscopic Rendezvous technique. RESULTS: In arm-A and arm-B groups, complete CBD clearance was achieved in 29 and 38 patients, respectively. Failure of the treatment in arm-A was 29% and in arm-B was 9.5%. In arm-A, selective CBD cannulation was achieved in 33 cases (80.5%) and in arm-B in 39 cases (93%). In arm-Agroup, post-ERCP hyperamylasia was presented in nine patients (22%) and severe pancreatitis in five patients (12%) versus none of the patients (0%) in arm-B group, respectively. Mean post-operative hospital stay in arm-A and arm-B groups are 10.9 and 6.8 days, respectively. CONCLUSION: One stage laparo-endoscopic rendezvous approach increases selective cannulation of CBD, reduces post-ERCP pancreatitis, reduces days of hospital stay, increases patient's compliance and prevents unnecessary intervention to CBD.
Sahoo, Manash Ranjan; Kumar, Anil T; Patnaik, Aashish
Laparoscopic applications of laser-activated tissue glues
The rapid growth of laparoscopic cholecystectomy and other laparoscopic procedures has created the need for simple, secure techniques for laparoscopic closure without sutures. While laser tissue welding offers one solution to this problem, concerns about adequacy of weld strength and watertightness remain. Tissue solders are proteinaceous materials which are placed on coapted tissue edges of the tissue to be closed
Lawrence S. Bass; Mehmet C. Oz; Joseph S. Auteri; Matthew R. Williams; Jeffrey Rosen; Steven K. Libutti; Alexander M. Eaton; John F. Lontz; Roman Nowygrod; Michael R. Treat
Experience with laparoscopic double gallbladder removal
Double gallbladder is a rare congenital anomaly and an encounter with it while performing cholecystectomy laparoscopically is a challenge to the laparoscopic surgeon. A 28-year-old man complaining of epigastric pain was evaluated at Teikyo University Hospital, Mizonokuchi, Japan. There were no abnormal laboratory findings. Ultrasonography revealed an acoustic shadow in each compartment without any inflammatory changes in the gallbladder. No
N. Miyajima; T. Yamakawa; A. Varma; K. Uno; S. Ohtaki; N. Kano
Consequences of Conversion in Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery
\\u000a Introduction��Laparoscopic procedures converted to open approaches have been associated with higher complication rates than laparoscopic\\u000a and open cholecystectomy and appendectomy. Laparoscopic colorectal resections have relatively high conversion rates compared\\u000a with other laparoscopic procedures. This study was designed to evaluate outcomes of conversions compared with laparoscopic\\u000a and open colorectal resections.\\u000a \\u000a \\u000a \\u000a Methods��We reviewed 498 consecutive colorectal resections performed between 1995 and 2002.
Rodrigo Gonzalez; C. Daniel Smith; Edward Mason; Titus Duncan; Russell Wilson; Jacqueline Miller; Bruce J. Ramshaw
[Antibiotic prophylaxis in cholecystectomy--necessary and cost saving?].
The effectiveness of antimicrobial prophylaxis was evaluated on the basis of data collected in a study on quality management carried out in 28 East German hospitals, involving 4477 laparoscopic and conventional cholecystectomies (197 of which with revision of the common bile duct). In 3128 patients a laparoscopic procedure (with consecutive conversion to an open cholecystectomy in 236 cases) and in 1349 patients a primarily conventional open cholecystectomy had been performed (a total of 2217 cases with and 2260 cases without antibiotic cover). The results obtained were significantly better in the group receiving prophylaxis than in patients not under antimicrobial cover. This applied to septic wound healing disorders, general and specific postoperative complications, postoperative chest infections, re-operations and postoperative lethality. On the basis of these results, it is strongly recommended that, in the future, neither laparoscopic nor open conventional cholecystectomy should be carried out without proper perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis-this all the more so since such measures also result in a shorter hospital stay and thus reduced costs. PMID:9622865
Hell, K
Postvagotomy and cholecystectomy syndrome.
Seventy-five patients with unsatisfactory results following vagotomy, drainage and cholecystectomy have been reviewed. The operations were performed together in 45 patients, vagotomy preceded cholecystectomy in 16 patients and cholecystectomy was performed before vagotomy in 14 patients. The interval between the two operations when cholecystectomy was performed first was 7.1 +/- 1.66 SE years, whereas when vagotomy was performed first this was 3.1 +/- 1.03 SE years (p less than 0.05). Forty-three patients had symptomatic bile reflux gastritis and 59 had postvagotomy diarrhea. Dumping, bilious vomiting and recurrent peptic ulceration occurred in 11 patients, nine and five patients, respectively, and were no more frequently encountered than would have been expected after vagotomy and drainage alone. In the light of the information derived from the addition of cholecystectomy to vagotomy and drainage a pathophysiology of postvagotomy diarrhea without dumping, and bile reflux gastritis without bilious vomiting or recurrent chronic peptic ulceration is postulated.
Taylor, T V
Is single port incisionless-intracorporeal conventional equipment-endoscopic surgery feasible in patients with retrocecal acute appendicitis?
Purpose Since laparoscopic appendectomy was first described, various modifications, such as single port incisionless-intracorporeal conventional equipment-endoscopic surgery (SPICES), have been described for reducing pain and improving cosmetic results. In the retrocecal and retrocolic positions, attachments to the lateral peritoneum and cecum may lead to difficulties during SPICES, which is performed with only one port. Here, we present the effects of variations in the position of the vermiform appendix in treating acute appendicitis with SPICES. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 52 children who underwent SPICES for acute appendicitis between March 2010 and November 2011 in our institution. One group (group A) consisted of 30 patients (mean age, 10.5 � 2.5 years) with retrocecal appendix, while the other group (group B) included 22 patients (mean age, 10.9 � 2.3 years) with the appendix lying free in the peritoneal cavity. Results There were no significant differences between groups in terms of patient age, gender, success rate of SPICES, mean operating time, mean follow-up period, overall complication rates or mean postoperative hospitalization period. Conclusion These results suggest that SPICES is a safe and feasible approach even in patients with retrocecal acute appendicitis.
Karakus, Suleyman Cuneyt; Koku, Naim; Ertaskin, Idris
Transcylindrical gas-free cholecystectomy for the treatment of cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, and choledocholithiasis
Background��Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has become the standard for treatment of uncomplicated cholecystolithiasis. However, in\\u000a cases of cholecystitis or cholecysto-choledocholithiasis, technical and skill requirements may make questionable the convenience\\u000a of laparoscopy. Transcylindrical cholecystectomy (TC) is a modified minilaparotomy, performed gas-free through a single cylinder\\u000a 3.8 cm in diameter and 10.0 cm in length. Our study objective has been to assess the
Manuel Giner
Laparoscopic surgery--anesthetic implications.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a relatively new surgical procedure which is enjoying ever-increasing popularity and presenting new anesthetic challenges. The advantages of shorter hospital stay and more rapid return to normal activities are combined with less pain associated with the small limited incisions and less postoperative ileus compared with the traditional open cholecystectomy. The efficacy of laparoscopic appendectomy and hemicolectomy has been recently evaluated. However, there have been no prospective randomized studies to date comparing laparoscopic with traditional laparotomy techniques. The physiological effects of prolonged pneumoperitoneum and the longer duration of surgery with the laparoscopic techniques are of concern. The application of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair may be limited because, unlike traditional surgical hepair, general anesthesia is required and concerns have been expressed about the duration of surgery and the possibility of hernia recurrence. Notwithstanding case reports and series describing successful diaphragmatic and hiatus hernia repair using a laparoscopic surgical technique, the frequently encountered complications of cervical surgical emphysema, pneumothorax, and pneumomediastinum, attributed to passage of insufflating gas through weak points or defects in the diaphragm, must be of major concern. Anesthesiologists must maintain a high index of suspicion for these potential complication and must undertake appropriate monitoring. If there is clinical evidence of a tension pneumothorax, immediate chest tube decompression is indicated. Intraoperative complications of laparoscopic surgery are mostly due to traumatic injuries sustained during blind trocar insertion and physiological changes associated with patient positioning and pneumoperitoneum creation. The choice of anesthetic technique for upper abdominal laparoscopic procedures is most frequently limited to general anesthesia. Controlled ventilation avoids hypercarbia, and an anesthetic technique incorporating antiemetics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents has reduced postoperative nausea and vomiting following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The use of nitrous oxide during laparoscopic procedures remains controversial. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a major advance in the management of patients with symptomatic gall-bladder disease. However, in the present era of cost containment, older and sicker patients may present for this procedure on the day of surgery without adequate preoperative evaluation. Anesthesiologists should thus be prepared to recommend deflation of the pneumoperitoneum and possibly conversion to an open procedure if hemodynamic, oxygenation, or ventilation difficulties arise during the procedure. PMID:7831596
Cunningham, A J
Application of indocyanine green-fluorescence imaging to full-thickness cholecystectomy.
Fluorescence imaging using indocyanine green (ICG) has recently been applied to laparoscopic surgery to identify cancerous tissues, lymph nodes, and vascular anatomy. Here we report the application of ICG-fluorescence imaging to visualize the boundary between the liver and subserosal tissues of the gallbladder during laparoscopic full-thickness cholecystectomy. A patient with a potentially malignant gallbladder lesion was administered 2.5-mg intravenous ICG just before laparoscopic full-thickness cholecystectomy. Intraoperative fluorescence imaging enabled the real-time delineation of both extrahepatic bile duct anatomy and hepatic parenchyma throughout the procedure, which resulted in complete removal of subserosal tissues between liver and gallbladder. Safe and feasible ICG-fluorescence imaging can be widely applied to laparoscopic hepatobiliary surgery by utilizing a biliary excretion property of ICG. PMID:24754888
Morita, Kiyomi; Ishizawa, Takeaki; Tani, Keigo; Harada, Nobuhiro; Shimizu, Atsushi; Yamamoto, Satoshi; Takemura, Nobuyuki; Kaneko, Junichi; Aoki, Taku; Sakamoto, Yoshihiro; Sugawara, Yasuhiko; Hasegawa, Kiyoshi; Kokudo, Norihiro
Laparoscopic management of appendicitis and symptomatic cholelithiasis during pregnancy
Background��Laparoscopic surgery during pregnancy is a challenging procedure that most surgeons are reluctant to perform. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether laparoscopic appendectomy and cholecystectomy is safe in pregnant women. The management of these situations remains controversial. We report a single center study describing the successful management of 16 patients during pregnancy.Methods��More than 3,356 laparoscopic procedures were
Nermin Halkic; Adrien A. Tempia-Caliera; Riadh Ksontini; Michel Suter; Jean-Fran�ois Delaloye; Henri Vuilleumier
Novel all-optical AND gate based on cascaded single-port-coupled SOAs
Novel all-optical logic AND gate at 10Gb\\/s based on cross-gain modulation (XGM) in two cascaded semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) is demonstrated. Single-port-coupled SOAs are exploited to improve output extinction ratio as well as logic operation output performance. The output signal power and extinction ratio from the first stage wavelength conversion are critical to achieve all-optical logic AND operation. Keywords: Semiconductor
Xinliang Zhang; Ying Wang; Junqiang Sun; Deming Liu; Dexiu Huang
Single-step treatment of gallbladder and bile duct stones: A combined endoscopic-laparoscopic technique
Background: The introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy has given rise to a debate as to whether endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) should be performed before or after cholecystectomy in patients with bile duct stones. Methods: This study evaluated the efficacy of treatment of cholecystocholedocholithiasis in a single step by performing ERCP during surgery in 52 patients (35 women, 17 men; mean age
Giuseppe Iodice; Cristiano Giardiello; Giampiero Francica; Gennaro Sarrantonio; Giovanni Angelone; Stefano Cristiano; Raffaele Finelli; Giampaolo Tramontano
Combined Laparoscopic Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Disease and Gallstones
Laparoscopic surgery has largely replaced laparotomy in the management of both polycystic ovary disease (PCOD) and gallstones. The number of patients with a combination of these disorders has increased. From 1991 to 1996, 908 patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. In 29 women of reproductive age (18-41 yrs) with PCOD and gallstones, we performed combined laparoscopic cholecystectomy and various procedures on the ovaries (15 wedge resections, 8 multiple ovariotomies by thermocoagulation incisions, 5 electrosurgical coagulations of the ovaries). All operations were performed by the usual approach for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and in only four women did we place a supplemental cannula. The diagnosis of PCOD was established preoperatively in 22 women, but in 6 it was an incidental finding during laparoscopic inspection of abdominal cavity. We suggest that one-stage laparoscopic cholecystectomy and procedures on the ovaries may be performed with single-puncture technique. Performing the procedures simultaneously has the advantages of minor surgical trauma, much less adhesion formation, and ability to treat hormonal disorders and infertility. For best results in women with combined PCOD and gallstones, the joint participation of abdominal surgeon and gynecologist is preferred. PMID:9074124
Ghidirim; Gladun; Danch; Mishina
Robotic cholecystectomy with new port sites
AIM: To introduce robotic cholecystectomy (RC) using new port sites on the low abdominal area. METHODS: From June 2010 to June 2011, a total of 178 RCs were performed at Ajou University Medical Center. We prospectively collected the set-up time (working time and docking time) and console time in all robotic procedures. RESULTS: Eighty-three patients were male and 95 female; the age ranged from 18 to 72 years of age (mean 54.6 � 15.0 years). All robotic procedures were successfully completed. The mean operation time was 52.4 � 17.1 min. The set-up time and console time were 11.9 � 5.4 min (5-43 min) and 15.1 � 8.0 min (4-50 min), respectively. The conversion rate to laparoscopic or open procedures was zero. The complication rate was 0.6% (n = 1, bleeding). There was no bile duct injury or mortality. The mean hospital stay was 1.4 � 1.1 d. There was a significant correlation between the console time and white blood cell count (r = 0.033, P = 0.015). In addition, the higher the white blood cell count (more than 10000), the longer the console time. CONCLUSION: Robotic cholecystectomy using new port sites on the low abdominal area can be safely and efficiently performed, with sufficient patient satisfaction.
Kim, Ji Hun; Baek, Nam Hyun; Li, Guangyl; Choi, Seung Hui; Jeong, In Ho; Hwang, Jae Chul; Kim, Jin Hong; Yoo, Byung Moo; Kim, Wook Hwan
Single-port Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery for Lung Cancer
Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) is a minimally invasive technique that has many advantages in postoperative pain and recovery time. Because of its advantages, VATS is one of the surgical techniques widely used in patients with lung cancer. Most surgeons perform VATS for lung cancer with three or more incisions. As the technique of VATS has evolved, single-port VATS for lung cancer has been attempted and its advantages have been reported. We describe our experiences of VATS for lung cancer with a single incision in this report.
Min, Ho Ki; Jun, Hee Jae; Hwang, Youn Ho; Kang, Min Kyun
Bilateral pulmonary metastectomy through a unilateral single-port thoracoscopic approach
A 58-year-old woman underwent radical proctectomy 19 months prior to admission. The initial diagnosis was rectal adenocarcinoma of pathological stage T2N0M0. She was discharged five days after the operation. She was followed by abdominal computed tomographic (CT) scan at 3, 9 and 18 months after the operation. Eighteen months after the operation, follow-up abdominal CT scan revealed tiny nodules in the bilateral lower lobes. Subsequent CT scan of the chest showed two tiny nodules in the right lower lobe and a single tiny nodule in left lower lobe. She then underwent single port thoracoscopic surgery through the right side for resection of the nodules. Using a single port wound, we excised the two tiny nodules on the right side and the one tiny nodule in the left lower lobe across the mediastinum. She was discharged four days later. The final pathology report showed those three nodules were metastases from an adenocarcinoma in the colon.
Chang, Ho; Tai, Chih-Yin; Lee, Shih-Yi; Liu, Hung-Chang; Hung, Tzu-Ti; Chen, Chao-Hung
Asian Race/Ethnicity as a Risk Factor for Bile Duct Injury During Cholecystectomy
Iatrogenic bile duct injury (BDI) is an uncommon but serious complication of cholecystectomy, with identified risk factors of acute cholecystitis, male sex, older age, and aberrant biliary anatomy. The Nationwide Inpatient Sample (1998-2006) was queried for cholecystectomy performed on hospital day 0 or 1. Bile duct injury repair procedure codes were used as a surrogate for BDI. We identified 377 424 patients who underwent cholecystectomy, with 1124 BDIs (0.3%). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, Asian race/ethnicity was a significant risk factor for BDI (odds ratio [OR], 2.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.59-3.23; P<.001). This persisted for laparoscopic (OR, 2.62; 95% CI, 1.28-5.39; P=.009) and open (2.21; 1.59-3.07; P<.001) cholecystectomies. No other race/ethnicity was identified as a risk factor for BDI. We report a new finding that Asian race/ethnicity is a significant risk factor for BDI in laparoscopic and open cholecystectomies.
Downing, Stephanie R.; Datoo, Ghazala; Oyetunji, Tolulope A.; Fullum, Terrence; Chang, David C.; Ahuja, Nita
Cholecystectomy prevalence and treatment cost: an 8-year study in Taiwan
Background��This study characterized the prevalence and treatment costs of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and open cholecystectomy\\u000a (OC) procedures performed for a population-based patient cohort.\\u000a \\u000a \\u000a \\u000a \\u000a Methods��This study analyzed 32,535 OC and 80,335 LC procedures performed in Taiwan from 1996 to 2004. The odds ratio (OR) and effect\\u000a size were calculated to assess the relative change rate. Bootstrap estimation was used to derive
Chiu-E. Hsu; King-Teh Lee; Chao-Sung Chang; Herng-Chia Chiu; Fang-Tse Chao; Hon-Yi Shi
Stress analysis of single port (ISB) jumper connectors for 2-, 3-, and 4-in. sizes
Jumper connectors are used in the Hanford site for remotely connecting jumper pipe lines in the radioactive zones. The jumper pipes are used for transporting radioactive fluids and hazardous chemicals. This report evaluates the adequacy and the integrity of the 2-, 3-, and 4-in. single-port integral seal block (ISB) jumper connector assemblies, as well as the three-way 2-in. configuration. The evaluation considers limiting forces from the piping to the nozzle. A stress evaluation of the jumper components (hook, hook pin, operating screw, nozzle and nozzle flange, and block) under operational (pressure, thermal, dead weight, and axial torquing of the jumper) and seismic loading is addressed in the report.
Islam, M.A.; Julyk, J.L.; Weiner, E.O. [ICF Kaiser Hanford Co., Richland, WA (United States)
Evaluation of Patient Satisfaction Using the EORTC IN-PATSAT32 Questionnaire and Surgical Outcome in Single-Port Surgery for Benign Adnexal Disease: Observational Comparison with Traditional Laparoscopy
Laparoscopic surgery has been demonstrated as a valid approach in almost all gynaecologic procedures including malignant diseases. Benefits of the minimally invasive approach over traditional open surgery have been well demonstrated in terms of minimal perioperative morbidity and reduced postoperative pain and hospital stay duration, with consequent quick postoperative recovery (Medeiros et al. (2009)). Single-port surgery resurfaced in gynaecology surgery in recent years and renewed interest among other surgeons and within the industry to develop this field (Podolsky et al. (2009)). Patient satisfaction is emerging as an increasingly important measure of quality which represents a complex entity that is dependent on patient demographics, comorbidities, disease, and, to a large extent, patient expectations (Tomlinson and Ko (2006)). It can be broadly thought to refer to all relevant experiences and processes associated with health care delivery (Jackson et al. (2001)). In this study we aim to compare single-port surgery (SPS) with conventional laparoscopy in terms of patient satisfaction using the EORTC IN-PATSAT32 questionnaire. We also evaluate the main surgical outcomes of both minimally invasive approaches.
Buda, Alessandro; Passoni, Paolo; Bargossi, Lorena; Baldo, Romina; Milani, Rodolfo
Evaluation of Patient Satisfaction Using the EORTC IN-PATSAT32 Questionnaire and Surgical Outcome in Single-Port Surgery for Benign Adnexal Disease: Observational Comparison with Traditional Laparoscopy.
Laparoscopic surgery has been demonstrated as a valid approach in almost all gynaecologic procedures including malignant diseases. Benefits of the minimally invasive approach over traditional open surgery have been well demonstrated in terms of minimal perioperative morbidity and reduced postoperative pain and hospital stay duration, with consequent quick postoperative recovery (Medeiros et al. (2009)). Single-port surgery resurfaced in gynaecology surgery in recent years and renewed interest among other surgeons and within the industry to develop this field (Podolsky et al. (2009)). Patient satisfaction is emerging as an increasingly important measure of quality which represents a complex entity that is dependent on patient demographics, comorbidities, disease, and, to a large extent, patient expectations (Tomlinson and Ko (2006)). It can be broadly thought to refer to all relevant experiences and processes associated with health care delivery (Jackson et al. (2001)). In this study we aim to compare single-port surgery (SPS) with conventional laparoscopy in terms of patient satisfaction using the EORTC IN-PATSAT32 questionnaire. We also evaluate the main surgical outcomes of both minimally invasive approaches. PMID:24371418
Buda, Alessandro; Cuzzocrea, Marco; Montanelli, Luca; Passoni, Paolo; Bargossi, Lorena; Baldo, Romina; Locatelli, Luca; Milani, Rodolfo
Successful laparoscopic management for cholecystoenteric fistula
AIM: Since 1987, laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has been widely used as the favored treatment for gallbladder lesions. Cholecystoenteric fistula (CF) is an uncommon complication of the gallbladder disease, which has been one of the reasons for the conversion from LC to open cholecystectomy. Here, we have reported four cases of CF managed successfully by laparoscopic approach without conversion to open cholecystectomy. METHODS: During the 4-year period from 2000 to 2004, the medical records of the four patients with CF treated successfully with laparoscopic management at the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Taipei were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: The study comprised two male and two female patients with ages ranging from 36 to 74 years (median: 53.5 years). All the four patients had right upper quadrant pain. Two of the four patients were detected with pneumobilia by abdominal ultrasonography. One patient was diagnosed with cholecystocolic fistula preoperatively correctly by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and the other one was diagnosed as cholecystoduodenal fistula by magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. Correct preoperative diagnosis of CF was made in two of the four patients with 50% preoperative diagnostic rate. All the four patients underwent LC and closure of the fistula was carried out by using Endo-GIA successfully with uneventful postoperative courses. The hospital stay of the four patients ranged from 7 to 10 d (median, 8 d). CONCLUSION: CF is a known complication of chronic gallbladder disease that is traditionally considered as a contraindication to LC. Correct preoperative diagnosis of CF demands high index of suspicion and determines the success of laparoscopic management for the subset of patients. The difficult laparoscopic repair is safe and effective in the experienced hands of laparoscopic surgeons.
Wang, Wen-Ke; Yeh, Chun-Nan; Jan, Yi-Yin
Laparoscopic Morgagni hernia repair using single-site umbilical and full-thickness abdominal wall repair: technical report of two cases.
Single incision laparoscopic surgery is used in many centres for routine cases such as appendectomy, splenectomy and cholecystectomy. Morgagni hernias are uncommon and account for 1-2% of all congenital diaphragmatic hernia. We report our first laparoscopic repair of two Morgagni hernias, using a single umbilical incision and full-thickness abdominal wall repair with standard straight laparoscopic instruments. Operative time was short and compared favourably with the laparoscopic repair. PMID:23519862
van Niekerk, Martin L
Getting started with robotics in general surgery with cholecystectomy: the Canadian experience
Background The value of robotics in general surgery may be for advanced minimally invasive procedures. Unlike other specialties, formal fellowship training opportunities for robotic general surgery are few. As a result, most surgeons currently develop robotic skills in practice. Our goal was to determine whether robotic cholecystectomy is a safe and effective bridge to advanced robotics in general surgery. Methods Before performing advanced robotic procedures, 2 surgeons completed the Intuitive Surgical da Vinci training course and agreed to work together on all procedures. Clinical surgery began with da Vinci cholecystectomy with a plan to begin advanced procedures after at least 10 cholecystectomies. We performed a retrospective review of our pilot series of robotic cholecystectomies and compared them with contemporaneous laparoscopic controls. The primary outcome was safety, and the secondary outcome was learning curve. Results There were 16 procedures in the robotics arm and 20 in the laparoscopic arm. Two complications (da Vinci port-site hernia, transient elevation of liver enzymes) occurred in the robotic arm, whereas only 1 laparoscopic patient (slow to awaken from anesthetic) experienced a complication. None was significant. The mean time required to perform robotic cholecystectomy was significantly longer than laparoscopic surgery (91 v. 41 min, p < 0.001). The mean time to clear the operating room was significantly longer for robotic procedures (14 v. 11 min, p = 0.015). We observed a trend showing longer mean anesthesia time for robotic procedures (23 v. 15 min). Regarding learning curve, the mean operative time needed for the first 3 robotic procedures was longer than for the last 3 (101 v. 80 min); however, this difference was not significant. Since this experience, the team has confidently gone on to perform robotic biliary, pancreatic, gastresophageal, intestinal and colorectal operations. Conclusion Robotic cholecystectomy can be performed reliably; however, owing to the significant increase in operating room resources, it cannot be justified for routine use. Our experience, however, demonstrates that robotic cholecystectomy is one means by which general surgeons may gain confidence in performing advanced robotic procedures.
Jayaraman, Shiva; Davies, Ward; Schlachta, Christopher M.
Concomitant Laparoendoscopic Single-Site Surgery for Vesicolithotomy and Finger-Assisted Single-Port Transvesical Enucleation of the Prostate
Transurethral resection of the prostate is the most common surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia. However, it doesn't work best for men with very large prostate and bladder stones. Herein we report our initial experience with concomitant laparoendoscopic single-site surgery and finger-assisted single-port transvesical enucleation of the prostate for the treatment of the condition.
Lee, Joo Yong; Kang, Dong Hyuk; Chung, Jae Hoon; Jo, Jung Ki
Gallbladder duplication successfully removed laparoscopically using endoscopic nasobiliary tube
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is sometimes difficult due to complicated biliary anatomy including gallbladder duplication, a rare anomaly of the biliary tract. We report a case of duplicated gallbladder successfully removed under laparoscopy using endoscopic nasobiliary (ENB) tube cholangiography. A 61-year-old Japanese woman presented us with right upper abdominal pain. Ultrasonography revealed two cystic structures lying in the gallbladder fossa, and the
K. Shirahane; K. Yamaguchi; T. Ogawa; S. Shimizu; K. Yokohata; K. Mizumoto; M. Tanaka
Two-Trocar Cholecystectomy by Strategic Laparoscopy for Improved Cosmesis (SLIC)
Background and Objectives: Until the advent of single-incision laparoscopic surgery, few advances were aimed at improving cosmesis with laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Criticisms of the single-incision laparoscopic surgery technique include a larger incision and increased incidence of wound-related complications. We present our initial experience with a novel technique aimed at performing strategic laparoscopy for improved cosmesis (SLIC) for cholecystectomy. Methods: Twenty-five patients with biliary symptoms were selected for SLIC cholecystectomy. Access to the abdomen was obtained with a 5-mm optical trocar in the left upper quadrant and a 5-mm trocar in the umbilicus. Retraction was performed by a transabdominal suture in the dome of the gallbladder and a needlescopic grasper. Age, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, body mass index, operative time, length of stay, pathology results, and short-term complications at follow-up were prospectively recorded. Results: The 25 female patients had a mean age of 34.3 years and mean body mass index of 24 kg/m2. American Society of Anesthesiologists scores ranged from 1 to 3. The mean operative time was 51.3 minutes. Pathology revealed chronic cholecystitis in all patients. All procedures were performed on an outpatient basis. The only complication was one ultrasonography-documented deep vein thrombosis. All 25 planned SLIC cholecystectomies were successfully completed. Conclusions: SLIC cholecystectomy is feasible and safe. This technique decreases the cumulative incision length, as well as the number of incisions, leading to very desirable cosmetic results in patients with a favorable body habitus and surgical history.
Mirhaidari, Shayda; Pozsgay, Mark; Standerwick, Andrew; Bohon, Ashley; Zografakis, John G.
Bilateral Single-Port Sympathectomy: Long-Term Results and Quality of Life
Object. Video-assisted thoracoscopic sympathectomy is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive procedure for primary hyperhidrosis. This study aims to evaluate long-term results and patients' quality of life and investigate potential variables responsible for compensatory sweating after one-stage bilateral single-port thoracoscopic sympathectomy. Methods. Between 2005 and 2011, 260 consecutive bilateral thoracoscopic sympathectomies were performed in 130 patients for primary palmar and axillary hyperidrosis through one-port access. Residual pain, postoperative complications, recurrence of symptoms, heart rate adjustment, and quality of life were analyzed. Multivariate analysis was performed. Results. No operative mortality and conversion to open surgery were recorded. Mean operative time was 38 � 5 minutes. Mean hospital stay was 1.1 � 0.6 days. Eight patients (6%) had unilateral pneumothorax. Twenty-five cases (19%) were complicated by compensatory sweating. Winter and fall were identified as protective factors for compensatory sweating occurrence. Decreased heart rate was observed 1 year after surgery and permanently over the time. No recurrence during the follow-up period (31.5 months) was observed and 90% of patients showed improved quality of life. Conclusions. One-stage bilateral miniuniportal thoracoscopic sympathectomy is a valid and safe treatment for primary hyperhidrosis, achieving definitive and esthetic results, with excellent patients' satisfaction. Compensatory sweating may potentially occur in a season-dependent manner.
Ibrahim, Mohsen; Menna, Cecilia; Ciccone, Anna Maria; D'Andrilli, Antonio; Maurizi, Giulio; Pomes, Leda Marina; Cassiano, Francesco; Venuta, Federico; Rendina, Erino A.
Laparoscopic Management of Chronic Abscess Due to Spilled Gallstones
Introduction: Bile and gallstones are spilled during 13% to 40% of all laparoscopic cholecystectomies. They can act as a septic focus and cause complications. We present 2 cases of perihepatic abscess formation due to dropped gallstones presenting some years later. Delayed diagnosis resulted in unnecessary investigations and had negative economic consequences. Case Description: In 1 patient a posterolateral cutaneous fistula had developed that was initially biopsied by cardiothoracic surgeons before computed tomography showed the cause. The other patient presented with recurrent Pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO) causing repeated absence from work and was diagnosed only after 18 months of medical investigation. Both patients were treated with laparoscopic drainage of the abscess and successful retrieval of all stones. Discussion: Radiologic and open drainage and retrieval of stones have been well described in these cases. We suggest that a laparoscopic approach is superior because the cavity can be clearly identified and stones visualized and removed under direct vision. The need for a formal laparotomy is avoided. We also highlight the economic burden to both patient and health care professional of delayed diagnosis, as shown in these 2 cases. Spilled gallstones are a recognized complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. All stones should be actively sought and removed to avoid complications. Laparoscopic drainage is preferable to open or radiologic drainage. Dropped gallstones should be considered a possible diagnosis in patients who have had a previous cholecystectomy and present with unusual symptoms.
Harris, Adrian
Drainage vs. non-drainage after cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: a retrospective study
Abstract Many surgeons practice prophylactic drainage after cholecystectomy without reliable evidence. This study was conducted to answer the question whether to drain or not to drain after cholecystectomy for acute calculous cholecystitis. A retrospective review of all patients who had cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis in Aseer Central Hospital, Abha, Saudi Arabia, was conducted from April 2010 to April 2012. Data were extracted from hospital case files. Preoperative data included clinical presentation, routine investigations and liver function tests. Operative data included excessive adhesions, bleeding, bile leak, and drain insertion. Complicated cases such as pericholecystic collections, mucocele and empyema were also reported. Patients who needed therapeutic drainage were excluded. Postoperative data included hospital stay, volume of drained fluid, time of drain removal, and drain site problems. The study included 103 patients allocated into two groups; group A (n ?=? 38) for patients with operative drain insertion and group B (n ?=? 65) for patients without drain insertion. The number of patients with preoperative diagnosis of acute non-complicated cholecystitis was significantly greater in group B (80%) than group A (36.8%) (P < 0.001). Operative time was significantly longer in group A. All patients who were converted from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy were in group A. Multivariate analysis revealed that hospital stay was significantly (P < 0.001) longer in patients with preoperative complications. There was no added benefit for prophylactic drain insertion after cholecystectomy for acute calculous cholecystitis in non-complicated or in complicated cases.
Bawahab, Mohammed A.; Abd El Maksoud, Walid M; Alsareii, Saeed A.; Al Amri, Fahad S.; Ali, Hala F.; Nimeri, Abdul Rahman; Al Amri, Abdul Rahman M.; Assiri, Adel A.; Abdul Aziz, Mohammed I.
All-optical AND gate at 10 Gbit\\/s based on cascaded single-port-couple SOAs
An all-optical logical AND gate at 10 Gbit\\/s based on cross-gain modulation (XGM) in two cascaded semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) is demonstrated. Single-port-coupled SOAs are employed and specially designed to improve the output extinction ratio as well as the output performance of the logic operation. The output signal power and extinction ratio from the first-stage wavelength converter are critical to
Xinliang Zhang; Ying Wang; Junqiang Sun; Deming Liu; Dexiu Huang
Theoretical and experimental investigation on all-optical AND gate with cascaded single-port-coupled SOAs
Novel all-optical logic AND gate based on cross-gain modulation in cascaded semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) is presented in this paper. Theoretical model for this novel configuration is established, all-optical logic AND operation function at 10Gb\\/s is numerical simulated and experimental demonstrated. Output logic operation results in different operation conditions are also analyzed. Results show that single-port-coupled SOA is helpful for
Xinliang Zhang; Junqiang Sun; Deming Liu; Dexiu Huang
Alternative port site selection (APSS) for improved cosmesis in laparoscopic surgery.
The use of laparoscopy can be associated with improved cosmesis following a variety of gastrointestinal procedures versus standard open surgery. The placement of laparoscopic ports in less visible areas of the body such as the bikini line, termed alternative port site selection (APSS), may result in further improved cosmesis. Performance of laparoscopic procedures from such alternative port placement areas may be associated with increased technical challenge. This manuscript discusses APSS approaches for two common laparoscopic procedures, cholecystectomy and gastric banding. Familiarity and implementation of these techniques can allow select patients to undergo procedures with less visible scarring and is less challenging than laparoscopic single site approaches. PMID:20676792
de la Cruz-Munoz, Nestor; Koniaris, Leonidas
The depth of focus of the latest-model "Chip-on-the-Tip" laparoscopes is limited to 10 cm. The proposed omnifocus laparoscope stretches this depth of focus to 160 cm. The proposed laparoscope is omnifocus, which means that all spots in the picture are in focus, not just certain designated spots as in autofocus devices. This is important because the entire scene needs to be focused during surgery. The omnifocus laparoscope is equipped with an array of color video cameras, each focused at a different distance. The distance information from the laparoscopic profilometer is used to generate a single omnifocused image. PMID:24513740
Iizuka, Keigo
Laparoscopic liver resection: Current role and limitations.
Laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) for the treatment of benign and malignant liver lesions is often performed at specialized centers. Technological advances, such as laparoscopic ultrasonography and electrosurgical tools, have afforded surgeons simultaneous improvements in surgical technique. The utilization of minimally invasive techniques for liver resection has been reported to reduce operative time, decrease blood loss, and shorten length of hospital stay with equivalent postoperative mortality and morbidity rates compared to open liver resection (OLR). Non-anatomic liver resection and left lateral sectionectomy are now routinely performed laparoscopically at many institutions. Furthermore, major hepatic resections are performed by pure laparoscopy, hand-assisted technique, and the hybrid method. In addition, robotic surgery and single port surgery are revealing early promising results. The consensus recommendation for the treatment of benign liver disease and malignant lesions remains unchanged when considering a laparoscopic approach, except when comorbidities and anatomic limitations of the liver lesion preclude this technique. Disease free and survival rates after LLR for hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic colon cancer correspond to OLR. Patient selection is a significant factor for these favorable outcomes. The limitations include LLR of superior and posterior liver lesions; however, adjustments in technique may now consider a laparoscopic approach as a viable option. As growing data continue to reveal the feasibility and efficacy of laparoscopic liver surgery, this skill is increasingly being adopted by hepatobiliary surgeons. Although the full scope of laparoscopic liver surgery remains infrequently used by many general surgeons, this technique will become a standard in the treatment of liver diseases as studies continue to show favorable outcomes. PMID:22912914
Mostaedi, Rouzbeh; Milosevic, Zoran; Han, Ho-Seong; Khatri, Vijay P
Routine histopathology of gallbladder after elective cholecystectomy for gallstones: waste of resources or a justified act?
Background Selective approach for sending cholecystectomy specimens for histopathology results in missing discrete pathologies such as premalignant benign lesions such as porcelain gallbladder, carcinoma-in-situ, and early carcinomas. To avoid such blunders therefore, every cholecystectomy specimen should be routinely examined histologically. Unfortunately, the practice of discarding gallbladder specimen is standard in most tertiary care hospitals of Pakistan including the primary investigators� own institution. This study was conducted to assess the feasibility or otherwise of performing histopathology in every specimen of gallbladder. Methods This cohort study included 220 patients with gallstones for cholecystectomy. All cases with known secondaries from gallbladder, local invasion from other viscera, traumatic rupture of gallbladder, gross malignancy of gallbladder found during surgery was excluded from the study. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed in majority of cases except in those cases where anatomical distortion and dense adhesions prevented laparoscopy. All gallbladder specimens were sent for histopathology, irrespective of their gross appearance. Results Over a period of two years, 220 patients with symptomatic gallstones were admitted for cholecystectomy. Most of the patients were females (88%). Ninety two per cent patients presented with upper abdominal pain of varying duration. All specimens were sent for histopathology. Two hundred and three of the specimens showed evidence chronic cholecystitis, 7 acute cholecystitis with mucocele, 3 acute cholecystitis with empyema and one chronic cholecystitis associated with poly. Six gallbladders (2.8%) showed adenocarcinoma of varying differentiation along with cholelithiasis. Conclusion The histopathological spectrum of gallbladder is extremely variable. Incidental diagnosis of carcinoma gall bladder is not rare; if the protocol of routine histopathology of all gallbladder specimens is not followed, subclinical malignancies would fail to be identified with disastrous results. We strongly recommend routine histopathology of all cholecystectomy specimens.
Laparoscopic Treatment of Stone Recurrence in a Gallbladder Remnant: Report of an Additional Case and Literature Review
Cholecystectomy is an effective treatment of gallstones. Nevertheless, recurrence of biliary symptoms following cholecystectomy,\\u000a either laparotomic or laparoscopic, is quite common. Causes are either biliary or extrabiliary. Symptoms of biliary origin\\u000a chiefly depend on bile duct residual stones or strictures. Rarely, they depend on stone recurrence in a gallbladder remnant.\\u000a Diagnosis of gallstone recurrence in gallbladder remnant is difficult, mainly
Luigi Maria Pernice; Francesco Andreoli
Adrenalectomy is usually performed via transabdominal or posterior approaches. Unfortunately, both approaches are associated with painful postoperative syndromes. Recently, laparoscopic surgery was applied to organ removal.
M. Gagner; A. Lacroix; E. Bolte; A. Pomp
Isolated right posterior bile duct injury following cholecystectomy: report of two cases.
Anatomic variations of the right biliary system are one of the most common risk factors for sectoral bile duct injury (BDI) during cholecystectomy. Isolated right posterior BDI may in particular be a challenge for both diagnosis and management. Herein we describe two cases of isolated right posterior sectoral BDI that took place during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Despite effective external biliary drainage from the liver hilum in both cases, there was a persistent biliary leak observed which was not visible on endoscopic retrograde cholangiogram. Careful evaluation of images from both endoscopic and magnetic resonance cholangiograms revealed the diagnosis of an isolated right posterior sectoral BDI. These were treated with a delayed bisegmental (segments 6 and 7) liver resection and a Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy respectively with good outcomes at 24 and 4 mo of follow-up. This paper discusses strategies for prevention of such injuries along with the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges it offers. PMID:24106416
Wojcicki, Maciej; Patkowski, Waldemar; Chmurowicz, Tomasz; Bialek, Andrzej; Wiechowska-Kozlowska, Anna; Stankiewicz, Rafa?; Milkiewicz, Piotr; Krawczyk, Marek
Isolated right posterior bile duct injury following cholecystectomy: Report of two cases
Anatomic variations of the right biliary system are one of the most common risk factors for sectoral bile duct injury (BDI) during cholecystectomy. Isolated right posterior BDI may in particular be a challenge for both diagnosis and management. Herein we describe two cases of isolated right posterior sectoral BDI that took place during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Despite effective external biliary drainage from the liver hilum in both cases, there was a persistent biliary leak observed which was not visible on endoscopic retrograde cholangiogram. Careful evaluation of images from both endoscopic and magnetic resonance cholangiograms revealed the diagnosis of an isolated right posterior sectoral BDI. These were treated with a delayed bisegmental (segments 6 and 7) liver resection and a Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy respectively with good outcomes at 24 and 4 mo of follow-up. This paper discusses strategies for prevention of such injuries along with the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges it offers.
Wojcicki, Maciej; Patkowski, Waldemar; Chmurowicz, Tomasz; Bialek, Andrzej; Wiechowska-Kozlowska, Anna; Stankiewicz, Rafal; Milkiewicz, Piotr; Krawczyk, Marek
Laparoscopic CBD exploration (LCBDE) is a cost effective, efficient and minimally invasive method of treating choledocholithiasis. Laparoscopic Surgery for common bile duct stones (CBDS) was first described in 1991, Petelin (Surg Endosc 17:1705-1715, 2003). The surgical technique has evolved since then and several studies have concluded that Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration(LCBDE) procedures are superior to sequential endolaparoscopic treatment in terms of both clinical and economical outcomes, Cuschieri et al. (Surg Endosc 13:952-957, 1999), Rhodes et al. (Lancet 351:159-161, 1998). We started doing LCBDE in 1998.Our experience with LCBDE from 1998 to 2004 has been published, Gupta and Bhartia (Indian J Surg 67:94-99, 2005). Here we present our series from January 2005 to March 2009. In a retrospective study from January 2005 to March 2009, we performed 3060 laparoscopic cholecystectomies, out of which 342 patients underwent intraoperative cholangiogram and 158 patients eventually had CBD exploration. 6 patients were converted to open due to presence of multiple stones and 2 patients were converted because of difficulty in defining Calots triangle; 42 patients underwent transcystic clearance, 106 patients had choledochotomy, 20 patients had primary closure of CBD whereas in 86 patients CBD was closed over T-tube; 2 patients had incomplete stone clearance and underwent postoperative ERCP. Choledochoduodenosotomy was done in 2 patients. Patients were followed regularly at six monthly intervals with a range of six months to three years of follow-up. There were no major complications like bile leak or pancreatitis. 8 patients had port-site minor infection which settled with conservative treatment. There were no cases of retained stones or intraabdominal infection. The mean length of hospital stay was 3�days (range 2-8�days). LCBDE remains an efficient, safe, cost-effective method of treating CBDS. Primary closure of choledochotomy in select patients is a viable & safe option with shorter operative time and length of stay. LCBDE can be performed successfully with minimal morbidity & mortality. PMID:21966140
Savita, K S; Bhartia, Vishnu K
New strategies to prevent laparoscopic bile duct injury�surgeons can learn from pilots
Background. Injury to the bile ducts is the most important complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), affecting approximately 2000 patients annually in the United States. Traditional surgical teaching fails to provide adequate extrabiliary reference points. A �person approach� of blame and shame (as distinct from a �system approach�) has evidently been unsuccessful in controlling this problem. New strategies are needed. High-reliability
Thomas B. Hugh
Scoring system to predict asymptomatic choledocholithiasis before laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Background: The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate if a recently proposed score system based on six preoperative parameters [history of colic pain and\\/or jaundice, dyspepsia, cholecystitis, ultrasound (US), evidence of common bile duct stones (CBDS), number and size of gallbladder stones at US, level of serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase and\\/or alkaline phosphatase is effective in the selection
L. Sarli; R. Costi; S. Gobbi; D. Iusco; G. Sgobba; L. Roncoroni
Coelioscopic cholecystectomy. Preliminary report of 36 cases.
Intra-abdominal endoscopy, routinely used for gynecologic operations can be extended safely for cholecystectomy in uncomplicated cholelithiasis. Thirty-six patients underwent coelioscopic cholecystectomy with few and only benign complications. The main advantages are cosmetic preservation, reduction of postoperative pain, shortening of hospital stay, and early recovery of a normal activity. Images Fig. 2.
Dubois, F; Icard, P; Berthelot, G; Levard, H
Laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy has become a popular surgical option, particularly for the treatment of early gastric cancer. A multi-institutional clinical trial has recently demonstrated that satisfactory results have been obtained with the clinical outcomes of laparoscopic gastrectomy for early gastric cacer, which was not inferior to those obtained by a conventional open procedure. However, the indication of laparoscopic gastrectomy for the treatment of patients with advanced gastric cancer has remained controversial. In this paper, we describe the current status of gastric cancer treatment, including lymph node dissection and reconstruction procedures. We also provide future perspectives concerning the robot-assisted laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer. PMID:23198560
Yoshimura, Fumihiro; Uyama, Ichiro
Laparoscopic Resection for Rectal Cancer: What Is the Evidence?
Laparoscopic colectomy for colon cancer is a well-established procedure supported by several well-conducted large-scale randomised controlled trials. Patients could now be conferred the benefits of the minimally invasive approach while retaining comparable oncologic outcomes to the open approach. However, the benefits of laparoscopic proctectomy for rectal cancer remained controversial. While the laparoscopic approach is more technically demanding, results from randomised controlled trials regarding long term oncologic outcomes are only beginning to be reported. The impacts of bladder and sexual functions following proctectomy are considerable and are important contributing factors to the patients' quality of life in the long-term. These issues present a delicate dilemma to the surgeon in his choice of operative approach in tackling rectal cancer. This is compounded further by the rapid proliferation of various laparoscopic techniques including the hand assisted, robotic assisted, and single port laparoscopy. This review article aims to draw on the significant studies which have been conducted to highlight the short- and long-term outcomes and evidence for laparoscopic resection for rectal cancer.
Chan, Dedrick Kok-Hong; Chong, Choon-Seng; Lieske, Bettina; Tan, Ker-Kan
Sphincter of Oddi-preserving and T-Tube-free Laparoscopic Management of Extrahepatic Bile Duct Calculi
Background��The current management of choledocholithiasis remains a controversial topic. Popular options for treatment include preoperative\\u000a endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy\\u000a (LC), or LC and laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) with T-tube decompression. Some concerns suggest that sphincterotomy\\u000a has significant long-term complications as a result of sphincter of Oddi (SO) dysfunction, and T-tube
Chun-Chih Chen; Shuo-Dong Wu; Yu Tian; Ernest Amos Siwo; Xin-Tao Zeng; Guang-Hui Zhang
Laparoscopic ultrasound for the diagnosis of choledocholithiasis: quick, safe, and effective.
Visualization of the common bile duct during laparoscopic cholecystectomy is frequently required to confirm or exclude choledocholithiasis. Although on-table cholangiogram (OTC) is the traditional imaging technique, laparoscopic ultrasound (LUS) is increasingly deployed for this purpose. We are reporting a 31-month experience with an LUS, starting from the initial set up of the equipment. We retrospectively studied 70 patients who underwent LUS during their laparoscopic cholecystectomy operation over a period of 31 months. Data about preoperative investigation, intraoperative findings, and postoperative outcome were retrospectively collected and analyzed. LUS was found to be quick, safe, and effective in the intraoperative diagnosis of the common bile duct stones. It does not add significantly to the operative time and is inherently safer than intraoperative cholangiogram owing to the fact that it does not involve ionizing radiation. It is also more convenient, as there is no need to wear protective lead to avoid the side effects of ionizing radiation. PMID:24710230
Shaaban, Hossam; Welch, Andrew; Rao, Sudhindra
Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery: An Update (with Special Reference to Indian Scenario)
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, being already declared as gold standard technique, laparoscopic surgery has advanced far and wide, touching almost every corner of the abdomen. This advancement has gradually expanded to colorectal surgery which is done for malignant diseases as well. However, laparoscopic colorectal surgery has not been accepted as quickly as was laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This is because of its steep learning curve, concerns with oncological outcomes, lack of randomized control trials (RCTs) and initial reports on high port site recurrences which occurred after curative resections. But all these initial concerns have been overcome by doing a series of RCTs globally, in the past decade, that revealed that laparoscopic colorectal surgery for malignant disease offered short term benefits without compromising on oncological principles of radicality of resection, tumour resection margins and completeness of lymph node harvesting as compared to those of open surgery. Favourable post-operative results with respect to less blood loss, less pain, lesser surgical site infections, lesser requirement of analgesics, early return of bowel function and shorter hospital stay in patients who underwent laparoscopic colorectal resections were obtained in studies done on individual series, including those done in India and more recently, in large trials. An update on recent studies done on laparoscopic colorectal surgery by reviewing many RCTs and individual series, including our experiences, was made, to support the advantages of this procedure which were obtained when it was carried out by skilled hands.
Late choledochal pathology after cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis.
After "simple" cholecystectomy for lithiasis, biliary disorders can appear, with the onset more than 3 years postoperative, like cholangitis or transitory jaundice. Meantime, a whole range of congenital abnormalities initially ignored can become manifest: biliary tract congenital dilatations, duodenal para-Vater diverticulum, Oddi stenosis. Aim: to establish the pathological circumstances that determine late choledochal syndrome, including an analysis concerning the therapeutical approach in these cases. Patients with cholecystectomy complains of late biliary disorders (least 3 years symptom-free) between 1997-2005, were retrospectively studied. Exclusion criteria were intraoperative incidents or accidents, recognised incomplete surgical procedure, early difficult postoperative course. Therapeutical approach was endoscopical, surgical or conservative. 46 patients entered the study group; 38 underwent open cholecystectomy. Mean interval between operation and disturbances onset was 10 years. Following etiopathologic causes of late choledochal pathology were recorded: incomplete cholecystectomy, retained or primary common bile duct (CBD) stones, choledochal cyst or stenosis, Oddi stenosis, duodenal para-Vater diverticulum, anomaly biliary tree. Thirty patients undergone successful endoscopic treatment; in 8 cases endoscopy failed, in 2 cases open surgery was the first choice; 5 diagnostic endoscopic cholangiography with conservative treatment were performed; 1 patient refused any procedure. Cholecystectomy indication is regularly based on clinical and ultrasound examination criteria. Even a simple cholecystectomy can be followed after first 3 years by cholangitis, obstructive jaundice, caused by initially ignored biliary tract pathology. To avoid such omissions, routine intraoperative cholangiography and duodenal endoscopy should precede cholecystectomy. On the other side, cholecystectomy itself can cause late complaints: retained CBD stones, gallbladder stump, and iatrogenic stenosis. The duodenal para-Vater diverticulum seems to have a more important role in biliary disturbances, before and after cholecystectomy. PMID:16927918
Br?tucu, E; Straja, D; Marinca?, M; Daha, C; Cirimbei, C; Boru, C
Common postoperative findings unique to laparoscopic surgery.
The interpretation of images obtained in patients who have recently undergone abdominal or pelvic surgery is challenging, in part because procedures that were previously performed with open surgical techniques are increasingly being performed with minimally invasive (laparoscopic) techniques. Thus, it is important to be familiar with the normal approach used for laparoscopic surgeries. The authors describe the indications for various laparoscopic surgical procedures (eg, cholecystectomy, appendectomy, hernia repair) as well as normal postoperative findings. For example, port site hernias are more commonly encountered in patients with trocar sites greater than 10 mm and occur at classic entry sites (eg, the periumbilical region). Similarly, preperitoneal air can be encountered postoperatively, often secondary to trocar dislodgement during difficult entry or positioning. In addition, intraperitoneal placement of mesh during commonly performed ventral or incisional hernia repairs typically leads to postoperative seroma formation. Familiarity with normal findings after commonly performed laparoscopic surgical procedures in the abdomen and pelvis allows accurate diagnosis of common complications and avoidance of diagnostic pitfalls. PMID:24428286
Hindman, Nicole M; Kang, Stella; Parikh, Manish S
Laparoscopic surgery: A pioneer's point of view.
For a surgeon who performed some of the first laparoscopic cholecystectomies, laparoscopic surgery is undoubtedly the main revolution in the last decade of this century. It is impossible not to be fascinated by the extraordinary changes introduced in our profession in less than 10 years. However, looking back in history, one realizes that laparoscopy is but one of those leaps forward that have always punctuated the evolution of our profession. Since the last century we have witnessed the advent of painless surgery, infectionless surgery, reconstructive surgery, microsurgery, surgery under extracorporeal circulation, organ replacement, and so on. We are in the time of scarless surgery, with no lengthy postoperative handicap. Maybe tomorrow will see surgery performed by remote-controlled robots and surgery at the molecule level. The laparoscopic revolution is particularly important because for the first time surgery no longer involves any physical contact between the surgeon's hand and the patient. Let us hope that this will not lead to total absence of a human relationship in the surgical operation. To avoid this possibility we must remain resolutely involved in the development of laparoscopic surgery; we must keep our minds open to the future advances of science and technology and integrate them in our operative procedures. PMID:10415213
P�rissat, J
A severe case of hemobilia and biliary fistula following an open urgent cholecystectomy
Background Cholecystectomy has been the treatment of choice for symptomatic gallstones, but remains the greatest source of post-operative biliary injuries. Laparoscopic approach has been recently preferred because of short hospitalisation and low morbidity but has an higher incidence of biliary leakages and bile duct injuries than open one due to a technical error or misinterpretation of the anatomy. Even open cholecystectomy presents a small number of complications especially if it was performed in urgency. Hemobilia is one of the most common cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding from the biliary ducts into the gastrointestinal tract due to trauma, advent of invasive procedures such as percutaneous liver biopsy, transhepatic cholangiography, and biliary drainage. Methods We report here a case of massive hemobilia in a 60-year-old man who underwent an urgent open cholecystectomy and a subsequent placement of a transhepatic biliary drainage. Conclusion The management of these complications enclose endoscopic, percutaneous and surgical therapies. After a diagnosis of biliary fistula, it's most important to assess the adequacy of bile drainage to determine a controlled fistula and to avoid bile collection and peritonitis. Transarterial embolization is the first line of intervention to stop hemobilia while surgical intervention should be considered if embolization fails or is contraindicated.
Shoulder Tip Pain After Laparoscopic Surgery Analgesia by Collateral Meridian Acupressure (Shiatsu) Therapy: A Report of 2 Cases
ObjectivesThis article describes 2 cases of collateral meridian acupressure (shiatsu) therapy (CMAT) for treatment of shoulder tip pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Both cases showed marked pain relief with reduction of skin temperature (1�C) of the affected shoulder after CMAT.
Chun-Chang Yeh; Shan-Chi Ko; Billy K. Huh; Chang-Po Kuo; Ching-Tang Wu; Chen-Hwan Cherng; Chih-Shung Wong
Laparoscopic Management of Gallstone Ileus
Gallstone ileus is an uncommon entity that was first described by Bartholin in 1654. Despite advances in peri-operative care, morbidity and mortality remain high in patients with gallstone ileus because: 1) they are geriatric patients; 2) they often have multiple comorbidities; 3) presentation to the hospital is delayed; 4) many are volume depleted with electrolyte abnormalities; and 5) the diagnosis of gallstone ileus is difficult to make. Traditional management has entailed open laparotomy with relief of intestinal obstruction by enterotomy and stone extraction. Cholecystectomy and takedown of the cholecystoenteric fistula can be performed. We propose an alternative method of management in an attempt to limit operative trauma and improve morbidity and mortality. We review the literature and describe two patients with gallstone ileus who were managed laparoscopically. One patient underwent laparoscopic assisted enterolithotomy, and the other patient underwent diagnostic laparoscopy with disimpaction of the gallstone into the large bowel. They were discharged after their ileus had resolved on the fourth and sixth postoperative day, respectively. Laparoscopy is a powerful diagnostic and therapeutic tool that can be effectively used to treat gallstone ileus.
Evan, Stephen J.; Kavic, Michael S.
National survey on cholecystectomy related bile duct injury--public health and financial aspects in Belgian hospitals--1997.
Public health and financial aspects of cholecystectomy related bile duct injury (BDI) are highlighted in a National Cholecystectomy Survey carried out through 'datamining' the Federal State Medical Records Summaries and Financial Summaries of all Belgian hospitals in 1997. All cancer diagnoses, children < or = 10 years, cholecystectomies performed as an abdominal co-procedure or patients having undergone other non-related surgery were excluded from the study. 10.595 laparoscopic (LC) and 1.033 open cholecystectomies (OC) as well as 137 secondary BDI treatments (LC/OC) were included in the survey (total 11.765). Both LC and OC groups turned out to be significantly different as to distribution of patient's age and APR-DRG severity classes. Composite criteria in terms of ICD-9-CM and billing codes were elaborated to classify: 1) primary, intra-operatively detected and treated BDI (N = 30), 2) primary delayed BDI treatments (N = 38), 3) secondary BDI treatments (N = 137), 4) non-BDI abdomino-surgical complications (N = 119), 4) uneventful laparoscopic (N = 7.476) and 5) uneventful open cholecystectomy (N = 681). Complication rates, community costs of LC and OC groups, incidence of preoperative ERCP and/or intra-operative cholangiography as well as interventions for complications were studied. Incidence of cholecystectomy related BDI was 0.37% in LC, 2.81% in OC and 0.58% overall. Average costs amounted to [symbol: see text] 1.721 for uneventful LC, [symbol: see text] 2.924 for uneventful OC, [symbol: see text] 7.250 for primary, intra-operatively detected and immediately treated BDI [symbol: see text] 9.258 for primary delayed BDI treatments, [symbol: see text] 6.076 for secondary BDI treatments and [symbol: see text] 10.363 for non-BDI abdomino-surgical complications. In conclusion BDI with cholecystectomy reveals to be a serious complication increasing the overall average cost factor ninefold if not detected intra-operatively, in which case the raise is only fourfold. As a consequence BDI should be avoided by all means. In this respect 4 crucial surgical guidelines are emphasised. PMID:12768860
Van de Sande, St; Bossens, M; Parmentier, Y; Gigot, J F
[Chronic gastritis in patients following cholecystectomy].
A study of 198 patients with chronic gastritis after cholecystectomy revealed that chronic gastritis occurred in 2.6-4.5% of patients with benign diseases of the biliary tract and postcholecystectomy syndrome that were not diagnosed before surgery. Gastric disorders should be considered in the complex of rehabilitation measures after cholecystectomy. Treatment in a gastroenterological department and at health resort will improve long-term results. PMID:2275158
Gredzhev, A F; Khatsko, V V; Minin, V V; Vecherko, V N; Popov, N K; Zorina, S V
Transthoracic single port with peroral assistance: an animal experiment to assess a less invasive technique for human esophageal atresia repair.
Thoracoscopic repair of esophageal atresia has becoming the gold standard in many centers because it allows a better cosmetic result and avoids the musculoskeletal sequelae of a thoracotomy. Natural orifice translumenal endocopic surgery (NOTES) is a new surgical paradigm, and its human application has already been started in some procedures. In the present study, we explore the feasibility of performing an esophagoesophageal anastomosis using a single transthoracic single port combined with a peroral access in a rabbit model to simulate repair of esophageal atresia by hybrid NOTES in a human newborn. Adult male rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus, n=28) were used to perform the surgical protocol. We used a transthoracic telescope with a 3-mm working channel and a flexible endoscope with a 2.2-mm working channel by peroral access. We performed total esophagotomy with peroral scissors followed by an esophagoesophageal anastomosis achieved with a rigid transthoracic scope helped by the peroral operator. Extracorporeal transthoracic knots were performed to complete the anastomosis. The anastomoses were examined in loco and ex loco, after animal sacrifice. We successfully accomplished a complete esophageal anastomosis in all rabbits using a combination of transthoracic and peroral 3-mm instruments. This study provides important insights for a possible translation of hybrid NOTES to human newborns with esophageal atresia. Forward studies to accomplish their feasibility in human newborns will still be necessary. PMID:23190042
Henriques-Coelho, Tiago; Soares, Tony R; Miranda, Alice; Moreira-Pinto, Jo�o; Correia-Pinto, Jorge
Laparoscopic female sterilization is still the leading method of family planning for patients who have completed their family. Mechanical methods include clips and rings and are preferred because they are safe and efficient and can be used on a day case basis. Appropriate training ensures improved results with fewer complications. Clips and rings have an improved reversal potential. PMID:10459064
Filshie, M
\\u000a Laparoscopic instrumentation continues to evolve towards smaller, more reliable, and better ergonomic devices, with a larger\\u000a variety of choices. Since the first edition of this textbook, subtle improvements are readily apparent in existing devices\\u000a as first-generation instruments progress towards later-generation models. New technology exists to allow procedures to be\\u000a performed with fewer complications. Combined with refinements in techniques, new and
Patrick S. Lowry
Cholecystectomy. The impact of socioeconomic change.
The impact of our evolving health care system on a commonly performed surgical procedure, cholecystectomy, was assessed in a county-subsidized and private university hospital setting. Although condition on admission, use of resources, and outcome were unchanged in the private setting between 1980 and 1988, significant differences were noted among the largely uninsured patients at the county facility during this same time interval. There was a significant increase in the acuity of illness among patients undergoing cholecystectomy at the county hospital in 1988 as compared with 1980. These data suggest that alterations in reimbursement strategies and allocation of resources are significantly impacting on patient care, particularly in nonprivate health care facilities.
Saunders-Kirkwood, K D; Aizen, B; Thompson, J E; Zinner, M J; Cates, J A; Bennion, R; Gill, J; Boudi, F; Roslyn, J J
Laparoscopic vaginoplasty using a sigmoid graft through the umbilical single-incision hybrid transperineal approach: our initial experience.
Abstract Background: For better cosmetic appearance, attempts to reduce the number of laparoscopic wounds have been sought. Investigators have thus begun to carry out procedures through a single incision or natural orifice endoscopic surgery instead of using conventional laparoscopic surgery. The authors here describe transumbilical single-incision hybrid transperineal laparoscopic surgery as a novel approach for vaginoplasty using a sigmoid graft. Patients and Methods: From August 2010 to October 2012, 15 young females with Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome underwent laparoscopic sigmoid vaginosplasty using a combined transumbilical single-incision and transperineal approach. A multichannel single port was placed through the umbilical incision for the main laparoscopic procedures. A 12-mm trocar as an assisting working port was inserted into the pelvic cavity through the transvaginal dimple between the rectum and urethra. Results: A functioning vagina 12-15?cm in length and approximately 4?cm in width was created in all the patients. The average operative time and hospital stay were 151.5�34.2 minutes and 7.4�3.2 days, respectively. The only perioperative complications were 1 case of stress ulcer and 1 case with umbilical infection. All patients were satisfied with the surgery, and 12 of them had subsequent sexual activity. Conclusions: Transumbilical single-incision hybrid transperineal laparoscopic sigmoid vaginoplasty offers a feasible scarless approach for females with MRKH syndrome. The favorable cosmetic results would favor use of this type of vaginoplasty as an alternative to the conventional laparoscopic approach. PMID:24438220
Li, Suolin; Sun, Chi; Shi, Bin; Li, Meng; Liu, Lin
Laparoscopic techniques for safe and successful removal of common bile duct stones in pediatric patients.
Abstract Background/Purpose: Choledocholithiasis is uncommon in the pediatric population. Techniques for common bile duct stone extraction are still not well established. This article aims to describe safe and applicable techniques for pediatric common bile duct exploration. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database of two pediatric surgeons for patients undergoing laparoscopic common bile duct exploration at two tertiary-care centers from April 2008 to March 2012. Results: For 39 patients under 15 years of age undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, 10 cholangiograms were performed, and 8 were found to have filling defects. Seven patients underwent successful laparoscopic common bile duct exploration with documentation of stone clearance, and 1 patient was sent for postoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with stone extraction. Eleven patients had cholecystectomy performed by single-incision laparoscopic surgery, but none of these had cholangiograms or common bile duct explorations. Various methods of stone clearance were used, including the use of saline flush, balloon catheters, nitinol stone extractors, and the aide of glucagon. Depending on patient size, a choledochosope or a ureteroscope was used. There were no complications and no conversions to open surgery. Conclusions: Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration is feasible in the pediatric population, using many of the instruments readily available in the standard operating room. With an armamentarium of tools and techniques, the method of stone extraction can be tailored to the patient and situation. PMID:24195783
Lau, Briana J; Sydorak, Roman M; Shaul, Donald B
Laparoscopic applications of laser-activated tissue glues
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
The rapid growth of laparoscopic cholecystectomy and other laparoscopic procedures has created the need for simple, secure techniques for laparoscopic closure without sutures. While laser tissue welding offers one solution to this problem, concerns about adequacy of weld strength and watertightness remain. Tissue solders are proteinaceous materials which are placed on coapted tissue edges of the tissue to be closed or sealed. Laser energy is then applied to fix the glue in place completing the closure. Closure of the choledochotomy following a laparoscopic common duct exploration is one potential application of this technique. Canine longitudinal choledochotomies 5 mm in length were sealed using several laser glues and using the 808 nm diode laser. Saline was then infused until rupture of the closure and peak bursting strength recorded. Fibrinogen glue provided moderately good adhesion but poor burst strength. Handling characteristics were variable. A viscosity adjusted fibrinogen preparation produced good adherence with mean weld strength 264 +/- 7 mm Hg. The clinical endpoint for welding was a whitening and drying of the tissue. New laser solders can provide a watertight choledochotomy closure of adequate immediate strength. This would allow reliable, technically feasible common bile duct exploration via a laparoscopic approach.
Bass, Lawrence S.; Oz, Mehmet C.; Auteri, Joseph S.; Williams, Matthew R.; Rosen, Jeffrey; Libutti, Steven K.; Eaton, Alexander M.; Lontz, John F.; Nowygrod, Roman; Treat, Michael R.
Laparoscopic surgery-induced changes in oxidative stress markers in human plasma
��Background: The induction of the pneumoperitoneum increases intraabdominal pressure (IAP), causing splanchnic ischemia, whereas\\u000a its deflation normalizes IAP and splanchnic blood flow. This procedure appears to represent an ischemia-reperfusion model\\u000a in humans. Methods: Thirty laparoscopic cholecystectomies (LC) were performed in 30 patients with a mean age of 54.6 � 15.6\\u000a years. A group of 20 patients mean age, 57.3 �
G. K. Glantzounis; A. D. Tselepis; A. P. Tambaki; T. A. Trikalinos; A. D. Manataki; D. A. Galaris; E. C. Tsimoyiannis; A. M. Kappas
Laparoscopic treatment for gallbladder stones and the place of intracorporeal lithotripsy
Summary��An ultrasonic lithotriptor (U.S. Olympus) introduced into the gallbladder under visual control of a laparoscope permits fragmentation\\u000a of the stones and complete clearance of the gallbladder in one session of 10�20 min. The empty, clean gallbladder can be drained\\u000a (cholecystostomy) or removed (cholecystectomy) by passing it through an 8�10 mm orifice of the abdominal wall. A series of\\u000a 18 cholecystostomies
J. Perissat; D. Collet; R. Belliard; M. Sosso
Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: Technical considerations and an update
The widespread use of radiological imaging (ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) has resulted in a steady increase in the incidental diagnosis of small renal masses. While open partial nephrectomy (OPN) remains the reference standard for the management of small renal masses, laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) continues to evolve. LPN is currently advocated to be at par with OPN oncologically. The steep learning curve and technical demand of LPN make it challenging to establish this as a new procedure. We present a detailed up-to-date review on the previous, current and planned technical considerations for the use of LPN, highlighting important surgical techniques, including single-port and robotic surgery, techniques on improving intra-operative haemostasis and the management of complications specific to LPN.
Dominguez-Escrig, Jose L; Vasdev, Nikhil; O'Riordon, Anna; Soomro, Naeem
Patients undergoing laparoscopic splenectomy were observed for their postoperative recovery and development of complications. It was a retrospective analysis done at Services Hospital and National Hospital and Medical Center, Lahore, from January 2010 to December 2012. A total of 13 patients underwent laparoscopic splenectomy and were included in the study. Patients were followed for their postoperative recovery and development of any complications. The median age of patients was 19 years ranging from 13 to 69 years. Accessory spleens were removed in 3 patients. Mean operating time was 158 minutes. One operation had to be converted to open because of uncontrolled hemorrhage. Six patients experienced postoperative complications including unexplained hyperpyrexia (n=2), pleural effusion (n=4) and prolonged pain > 48 hours (n=1). No deaths or infections were seen. Seven out of 8 patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura developed a positive immediate response to the splenectomy, defined as a platelet count greater than 100 x 109/L after the surgery, which was maintained without medical therapy. Mean hospital stay was 5.5 days. Average time to return to activity was 15 days. All patients were followed for 6 months and no follow-up complications were noted. PMID:24848397
Javed, Irfan; Malik, Awais Amjad; Khan, Ahsan; Allahnawaz; Shamim, Romaisa; Ayyaz, Mahmood
How to meet the challenge of flexible exposure of the Calot triangle in SILS cholecystectomy.
Single-incision laparoscopy was developed to further reduce the operative trauma in routine laparoscopic procedures. However, the method remains challenging because the exposure of the Calot triangle is more difficult as the use of a singular traction device does not allow the flexible 3-dimensional mounting of the structures. We introduce a technical improvement involving both exposure and traction. After installation of the technical devices for single-incision laparoscopy cholecystectomy, as usual, a suture on a Keith needle is inserted subcostally from the right side of the patient, passed midway through the infundibulum, and extracted subcostally on the left side of the patient. The suture is fixed with 2 metal clips on each side of the gallbladder. The gallbladder can be tilted both medially and laterally on a horizontal line and the Calot triangle can be dissected from medial and lateral aspects following the "critical view of safety" criteria used in conventional laparoscopy. PMID:22487641
Horisberger, Karoline; Grossen, Erik; Sch�b, Othmar
Laparoscopic surgery for benign and malign diseases of the digestive system: Indications, limitations, and evidence
The laparoscopic technique was introduced in gastrointestinal surgery in the mid 1980s. Since then, the development of this technique has been extraordinary. Triggered by technical innovations (stapling devices or coagulation/dissecting devices), nowadays any type of gastrointestinal resection has been successfully performed laparoscopically and can be performed laparoscopically dependent on the patient�s condition. This summary gives an overview over 30 years of laparoscopic surgery with focus on today�s indications and evidence. Main indications remain the more common procedures, e.g., appendectomy, cholecystectomy, bariatric procedures or colorectal resections. For all these indications, the laparoscopic approach has become the gold standard with less perioperative morbidity. Regarding oncological outcome there have been several high-quality randomized controlled trials which demonstrated equivalency between laparoscopic and open colorectal resections. Less common procedures like esophagectomy, oncological gastrectomy, liver and pancreatic resections can be performed successfully as well by an experienced surgeon. However, the evidence for these special indications is poor and a general recommendation cannot be given. In conclusion, laparoscopic surgery has revolutionized the field of gastrointestinal surgery by reducing perioperative morbidity without disregarding surgical principles especially in oncological surgery.
Kuper, Markus Alexander; Eisner, Friederike; Konigsrainer, Alfred; Glatzle, Jorg
Incidence of Port-Site Incisional Hernia After Single-Incision Laparoscopic Surgery
Background and Objectives: Single-incision laparoscopic surgery is gaining popularity among minimally invasive surgeons and is now being applied to a broad number of surgical procedures. Although this technique uses only 1 port, the diameter of the incision is larger than in standard laparoscopic surgery. The long-term incidence of port-site hernias after single-incision laparoscopic surgery has yet to be determined. Methods: All patients who underwent a single-incision laparoscopic surgical procedure from May 2008 through May 2009 were included in the study. Single-incision laparoscopic surgical operations were performed either by a multiport technique or with a 3-trocar single-incision laparoscopic surgery port. The patients were seen at 30 to 36 months' follow-up, at which time they were examined for any evidence of port-site incisional hernia. Patients found to have hernias on clinical examination underwent repairs with mesh. Results: A total of 211 patients met the criteria for inclusion in the study. The types of operations included were cholecystectomy, appendectomy, sleeve gastrectomy, gastric banding, Nissen fundoplication, colectomy, and gastrojejunostomy. We found a port-site hernia rate of 2.9% at 30 to 36 months' follow-up. Conclusion: Port-site incisional hernia after single-incision laparoscopic surgical procedures remains a major setback for patients. The true incidence remains largely unknown because most patients are asymptomatic and therefore do not seek surgical aid.
Rainville, Harvey; Ikedilo, Ojinika; Vemulapali, Pratibha
Laparoscopic surgery for benign and malign diseases of the digestive system: indications, limitations, and evidence.
The laparoscopic technique was introduced in gastrointestinal surgery in the mid 1980s. Since then, the development of this technique has been extraordinary. Triggered by technical innovations (stapling devices or coagulation/dissecting devices), nowadays any type of gastrointestinal resection has been successfully performed laparoscopically and can be performed laparoscopically dependent on the patient's condition. This summary gives an overview over 30 years of laparoscopic surgery with focus on today's indications and evidence. Main indications remain the more common procedures, e.g., appendectomy, cholecystectomy, bariatric procedures or colorectal resections. For all these indications, the laparoscopic approach has become the gold standard with less perioperative morbidity. Regarding oncological outcome there have been several high-quality randomized controlled trials which demonstrated equivalency between laparoscopic and open colorectal resections. Less common procedures like esophagectomy, oncological gastrectomy, liver and pancreatic resections can be performed successfully as well by an experienced surgeon. However, the evidence for these special indications is poor and a general recommendation cannot be given. In conclusion, laparoscopic surgery has revolutionized the field of gastrointestinal surgery by reducing perioperative morbidity without disregarding surgical principles especially in oncological surgery. PMID:24803799
K�per, Markus Alexander; Eisner, Friederike; K�nigsrainer, Alfred; Glatzle, J�rg
[Laparoscopic appendectomy during pregnancy].
Results of diagnostic laparoscopy and laparoscopic appendectomy in 28 pregnant women are presented. Diagnostic laparoscopy was carried out in 9 women (32%), laparoscopic appendectomy--in 19 women (68%). Advantages of laparoscopic appendectomy are especially notable at late pregnancy. Due to small traumaticity amount of postoperative complications reduces, rehabilitation terms decrease, good conditions are formed for adequate self-independent birth activity and birth of healthy infants. Laparoscopic appendectomy application allows minimizing negative influence of carboxyperitoneum on pregnant uterus and fetus. PMID:19365328
Sazhin, V P; Klimov, D E; Sazhin, I V; Iurishchev, V A
Laparoscopic tubotubal reanastomosis.
Normal patency was restored to the right fallopian tube of a 41-year-old sterilised woman by laparoscopic tubotubal reanastomosis. We believe that this is the first report of this procedure in Australia. Laparoscopic tubotubal reanastomosis combines the high success rates of microsurgical tubotubal reanstomosis with the advantages of the laparoscopic approach. PMID:9379977
St George, L I; Kapila, H B; Lahoud, R H
A Case of Emphysematous Cholecystitis Managed by Laparoscopic Surgery
Background: Emphysematous cholecystitis is a rare condition caused by ischemia of the gallbladder wall with secondary gas-producing bacterial proliferation. The pathophysiology and epidemiology of this condition differ from that in gallstone-related acute cholecystitis. This report illustrates a case of emphysematous cholecystitis successfully treated by laparoscopic surgery. Methods: An 83-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital with acute abdominal syndrome. Clinical examination and blood tests suggested acute cholecystitis. Plain radiography revealed a circular gas pattern in the right upper quadrant suggestive of emphysematous cholecystitis. Subsequent computed tomography confirmed the presence of gas in the gallbladder wall and a gas-fluid level within the organ. Results: Emergency laparoscopic cholecystectomy was successfully performed during which bubbling of the gall-bladder wall was observed. Intraoperative cholangiography revealed no bile duct stones or biliary obstruction. The patient made an unremarkable recovery from surgery with no postoperative complications or admission to the intensive care unit. Pathological analysis revealed full-thickness infarctive necrosis of the gallbladder. Bacterial cultures grew Clostridium perfringens. Conclusions: This case illustrates a typical case of emphysematous cholecystitis successfully treated by laparoscopic surgery. It contributes to suggestions from other reports that this condition can be safely treated by the laparoscopic approach.
Lunca, Sorinel; Vix, Michel; Marescaux, Jacques
Enhanced visualization of the bile duct via parallel white light and indocyanine green fluorescence laparoscopic imaging
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Despite best efforts, bile duct injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a major potential complication. Precise detection method of extrahepatic bile duct during laparoscopic procedures would minimize the risk of injury. Towards this goal, we have developed a compact imaging instrumentation designed to enable simultaneous acquisition of conventional white color and NIR fluorescence endoscopic/laparoscopic imaging using ICG as contrast agent. The capabilities of this system, which offers optimized sensitivity and functionality, are demonstrated for the detection of the bile duct in an animal model. This design could also provide a low-cost real-time surgical navigation capability to enhance the efficacy of a variety of other image-guided minimally invasive procedures.
Demos, Stavros G.; Urayama, Shiro
Single Incision Laparoscopic Splenectomy in a 5-Year-Old With Hereditary Spherocytosis
Background: Single incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) is an emerging technique that has been used as an approach for appendectomy, cholecystectomy, and splenectomy. We describe the technique of single incision laparoscopic splenectomy for hypersplenism in a 5-year-old boy with spherocytosis. Case Report: The patient required blood transfusions for anemia secondary to hypersplenism. His spleen measured 9.8 cm in cranio-caudal length on ultrasound. SILS splenectomy was performed through a 2-cm umbilical incision by using 3 ports. The splenic attachments were taken down using an electrosurgical sealing and cutting device, and the hilum was transected with an endosurgical stapler. The spleen was placed in an endosurgical bag, morcellated, and removed from the abdomen via the umbilical incision without complications. Operative time was 84 minutes; blood loss was minimal. Conclusion: SILS splenectomy is feasible in pediatric patients. More experience is needed to assess advantages and disadvantages compared with the standard laparoscopic approach.
Hansen, Erik N.
The current status and future perspectives of laparoscopic surgery for gastric cancer
Gastric cancer is most common cancer in Korea. Surgery is still the main axis of treatment. Due to early detection of gastric cancer, the innovation of surgical instruments and technological advances, gastric cancer treatment is now shifting to a new era. One of the most astonishing changes is that minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is becoming more dominant treatment for early gastric cancer. These MIS are represented by endoscopic resection, laparoscopic surgery, robotic surgery, single-port surgery and natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery. Among them, laparoscopic gastrectomy is most actively performed in the field of surgery. Laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) for early gastric cancer (EGC) has already gained popularity in terms of the short-term outcomes including patient's quality of life. We only have to wait for the long-term oncologic results of Korean Laparoscopic Gastrointestinal Surgery Study Group. Upcoming top issues following oncologic safety of LADG are function-preserving surgery for EGC, application of laparoscopy to advanced gastric cancer and sentinel lymph node navigation surgery. In the aspect of technique, laparoscopic surgery at present could reproduce almost the whole open procedures. However, the other fields mentioned above need more evidences and experiences. All these new ideas and attempts provide technical advances, which will minimize surgical insults and maximize the surgical outcomes and the quality of life of patients.
Ahn, Sang-Hoon
Laparoscopic microsurgical tubal anastomosis.
The authors explored the feasibility of performing true microsurgery through the laparoscope in 1990. The first laparoscopic microsurgical tubal anastomosis was performed in February 1992. Operative laparoscopy will continue to expand as technical feasibility continues to improve, driven by both hardware advances and increased surgical dexterity. Laparoscopic microsurgery will introduce a new dimension to reproductive surgery and over time, will replace laparotomy for microsurgery. PMID:10083938
Koh, C H; Janik, G M
Outpatient cholecystectomy simulated in an inpatient population.
This prospective clinical trial evaluates the feasibility and safety of elective cholecystectomy in a simulated outpatient protocol in 40 patients. Results were compared with a 19-patient control group managed by conventional postoperative methods. Oral liquids were begun in the recovery room, intravenous fluids were discontinued 4 hours after surgery, and enteral analgesics and antiemetics were provided on the ward. Protocol patients were randomized in a double-blind fashion to receive metoclopramide or placebo after surgery to assess its influence on the early tolerance of oral intake. In the protocol group, nausea without emesis occurred in nine patients (23%); 11 others (28%) had nausea with emesis. This was not significantly different from the control group. Metoclopramide-treated patients did not demonstrate a lower incidence of nausea or emesis but did tolerate oral liquids earlier after surgery than the placebo group (P less than 0.05). After release from recovery, eight protocol patients (20%) requested parenteral narcotics for relief of pain. Postoperative urinary catheterization was required in nine protocol patients (23%) and five control patients (26%). No major complications occurred. Outpatient cholecystectomy is both feasible and safe. Metoclopramide may allow earlier tolerance of enteral liquids postoperatively. PMID:1686701
Treen, D C; Downes, T W; Hayes, D H; McKinnon, W M
Adnexal Masses Treated Using a Combination of the SILS Port and Noncurved Straight Laparoscopic Instruments: Turkish Experience and Review of the Literature
Objective. To report our experience treating adnexal masses using a combination of the SILS port and straight nonroticulating laparoscopic instruments. Study Design. This prospective feasibility study included 14 women with symptomatic and persistent adnexal masses. Removal of adnexal masses via single-incision laparoscopic surgery using a combination of the SILS port and straight nonroticulating laparoscopic instruments was performed. Results. All of the patients had symptomatic complex adnexal masses. Mean age of the patients was 38.4 years (range: 21�61 years) and mean duration of surgery was 71?min (range: 45�130?min). All surgeries were performed using nonroticulating straight laparoscopic instruments. Mean tumor diameter was 6?cm (range: 5�12?cm). All patient pathology reports were benign. None of the patients converted to laparotomy. All the patients were discharged on postoperative d1. Postoperatively, all the patients were satisfied with their incision and cosmetic results. Conclusion. All 14 patients were successfully treated using standard, straight nonroticulating laparoscopic instruments via the SILS port. This procedure can reduce the cost of treatment, which may eventually lead to more widespread use of the SILS port approach. Furthermore, concomitant surgical procedures are possible using this approach. However, properly designed comparative studies with single port and classic laparoscopic surgery are urgently needed.
Dursun, Polat; Tezcaner, Tugan; Zeyneloglu, Hulusi B.; Alyaz?c?, Irem; Haberal, Ali; Ayhan, Ali
Laparoscopic Sigmoidectomy for Fistulized Diverticulitis
PURPOSE: Nowadays laparoscopic colorectal surgery has demonstrated its advantages, including reduced postopera- tive pain, decreased duration of ileus, and shorter hospital stay. Few studies report results of laparoscopic surgery in complicated diverticulitis. This study was designed to ana- lyze the results of laparoscopic sigmoidectomy in patients with fistulized sigmoiditis. METHODS: The authors retro- spectively reviewed 16 patients who had laparoscopic
S. R. Laurent; B. Detroz; O. Detry; C. Degauque; P. Honor�; M. Meurisse
Common bile duct exploration: the place of laparoscopic choledochotomy.
Since laparoscopic cholecystectomy was introduced, the treatment of choledocholithiasis has been modified. Preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been performed selectively in elderly patients and in those with a strong suspicion of biliary duct stones (jaundice, demonstrated at ultrasound). Intraoperative discovery of common duct stones at cystic duct cholangiography signifies that they must be removed intraoperatively [or postoperatively by ERPC and endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES)]. As ES has a failure rate of 3-23%, laparoscopic common duct exploration emerges as the treatment of choice. Since November 1990, we have performed 59 laparoscopic common bile duct explorations. In our experience, the transcystic technique (18 patients) with choledochoscopy appears easier to perform than with fluoroscopy without choledochoscopy. Since, during our early experience, we encountered some difficulty with the transcystic technique, we elected to evaluate common duct exploration through a choledochotomy (41 patients). The main advantage of this technique is that it provides complete access to the ductal system without damage to the papilla. This procedure seems more difficult to perform than the transcystic technique and can be used when there are contraindications to the latter. PMID:7866610
Dion, Y M; Ratelle, R; Morin, J; Gravel, D
Laparoscopic nephrectomy in children for benign conditions: indications and outcome
Aim: To analyze the indications and outcome of laparoscopic nephrectomy for benign non-functioning kidneys in children. Materials and Methods: The data of all patients operated over a 10 year period was retrospectively analyzed. Results: There were 56 children, aged 4 months to 12 years with a male: female ratio of 2.3:1. The most common presentation in boys and girls was urinary tract infection (UTI) (61.5% and 47.05% respectively). Incontinence due to ectopic ureter was a close second in girls (41.17%). The most common underlying conditions were vesico-ureteric reflux (42.85%) and multicystic dysplastic kidney (23.2%). There were 6 nephrectomies, 4 heminephroureterectomies and the remaining nephroureterectomies. All children tolerated the surgery well. One patient underwent a concomitant cholecystectomy. The post-operative problems encountered were UTI (1), urine retention (1), pyonephrosis in the opposite kidney and development of contra-lateral reflux (1). All others had resolution of pre-operative symptoms with good cosmesis. Conclusions: As per available literature, this appears to be the largest Indian series of pediatric laparoscopic nephrectomies for benign non-functioning kidneys. Laparoscopic approach gives excellent results provided pre-operative investigations rule out other causes for the symptoms with which the patient presents. Often it is not the kidney but the dilated dysplastic ureter which is the seat of stasis and infection or pain and therefore should be completely removed.
Menon, Prema; Handu, Abhilasha T; Rao, Katragadda Lakshmi Narasimha; Arora, Suman
Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy
Objectives: In an effort to reduce the morbidity associated to radical prostatectomy, we implemented laparoscopic surgery to this advanced ablative and reconstructive procedure. In our study, we describe our operative technique and assess our results in terms of oncologic cure, continence and potency.Methods: 200 patients with clinically localized prostate cancer underwent laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. 66 of these patients were either
Andr�s Hoznek; Laurent Salomon; Leif Eric Olsson; Patrick Antiphon; Fabien Saint; Antony Cicco; Dominique Chopin
Abdominal actinomycosis: a rare complication after cholecystectomy.
We present a single case of abdominal actinomycosis occurring in a 74-year-old female with a history of cholecystectomy 42 months before presentation. In a review of the literature, we present risk factors, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of this infection. Abdominal actinomycosis is a rare, chronic, granulomatous infection characterized by the release of 'sulphur granules'. Actinomyces species should always be part of the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with a history of surgical or invasive procedures, presenting with an abdominal mass. Computed tomography (CT)-guided aspiration with or without core biopsy of this mass is a useful investigation. Diagnosis is often difficult: In less than 10% of cases, the diagnosis is made pre-operatively. Definitive diagnosis is often based on histochemical, macroscopic, and microscopic examination of tissue specimens. The disease should be treated with high doses of intravenous penicillin for 2-6 weeks followed by oral therapy for at least 6-12 months. PMID:24724763
Vanoeteren, X; Devreese, K; De Munter, P
Association of Cholecystectomy with Metabolic Syndrome in a Chinese Population
An association between cholecystectomy and metabolic syndrome has not been fully established. Here we analyzed the association between cholecystectomy and metabolic syndrome in a Chinese population of 5672 subjects who undergone annual health checkups at the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University between January 2011 and December 2012. The prevalences of gallstones, cholecystectomy and metabolic syndrome were 6.0%, 3.6%, and 32.5%, respectively. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was significantly higher in subjects with a history of cholecystectomy (63.5%) than in those with gallstones (47.0%) or in those without gallstone disease (30.3%; P<0.01 for both). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that cholecystectomy was significantly associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome (OR?=?1.872; 95% CI: 1.193�2.937). However, the association of gallstones with metabolic syndrome was not statistically significant (OR?=?1.267; 95% CI: 0.901�1.782). Altogether, our results suggest that cholecystectomy significantly increases the risk of metabolic syndrome.
Xu, Chengfu; Yu, Chaohui; Chen, Peng; Li, Youming
Simultaneous laparoscopic multi-organ resection combined with colorectal cancer: Comparison with non-combined surgery
AIM: To access the short-term outcomes of simultaneous laparoscopic surgery combined with resection for synchronous lesions in patients with colorectal cancer. METHODS: Between March 1996 and April 2010 prospectively collected data were reviewed from 93 consecutive patients who had colorectal cancer and underwent simultaneous multiple organ resection (combined group) and 1090 patients who underwent conventional laparoscopic right hemicolectomy or laparoscopic low/anterior resection for colorectal cancer (non-combined group). In the combined group, there were nine gastric resections, three nephrectomies, nine adrenalectomies, 56 cholecystectomies, and 21 gynecologic resections. In addition, five patients underwent simultaneous laparoscopic resection for three organs. The patient demographics, intra-operative outcomes, surgical morbidity, and short-term outcomes were compared between the two groups (the combined and non-combined groups). RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the clinicopathological variables between the two groups. The operating time was significantly longer in the combined group than in the non-combined group, regardless of tumor location (laparoscopic right hemicolectomy and laparoscopic low/anterior resection groups; P = 0.048 and P < 0.001, respectively). The other intra-operative outcomes, such as the complications and open conversion rate, were similar in both groups. The rate of post-operative morbidity in the combined group was similar to the non-combined group (combined vs non-combined, 15.1% vs 13.5%, P = 0.667). Oncological safety for the colon and synchronous lesions were obtained in the combined group. CONCLUSION: Simultaneous laparoscopic multiple organ resection combined with colorectal cancer is a safe and feasible option in selected patients.
Kim, Hye Jin; Choi, Gyu-Seog; Park, Jun Seok; Park, Soo Yeun; Jun, Soo Han
Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography for choledocholithiasis after laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery
INTRODUCTION Gallstones are a common condition in bariatric patients after a laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB). The management of ductal stones is challenging due to the altered gastrointestinal anatomy. Various techniques have been reported to manage bile duct stones. PRESENTATION OF CASE We present the successful percutaneous trans hepatic management of common bile duct stones after LRYGB. One year after a LRYGB for morbid obesity, a 59-year-old female presented with acute cholecystitis. One month after laparoscopic cholecystectomy a 1�cm calculus was found within the distal CBD and patient underwent a percutaneous trans hepatic cholangiography under local anesthetic. This involved a right sided anterior segmental duct puncture. With the sphincter dilated to 10�mm, a balloon catheter was used to push the stone into the duodenum leaving an internal- external drain. Patient recovered completely at follow up. DISCUSSION Patients with morbid obesity have a higher incidence of gallstones. After LRYGB, the altered anatomy does not allow the conventional endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for choledocholithiasis. Various techniques have been reported as means of managing bile duct stones in LRYGB patients. These include a double balloon enteroscope-assisted ERCP, laparoscopic transgastric ERCP, laparoscopic or open biliary surgery and interventional radiology. We report a non-surgical approach using percutaneous transhepatic technique under local anesthetic that resulted effective and could be applied more extensively. CONCLUSION Due to the increase of global obesity, bariatric centers need to strategically plan resources such as interventional radiology in order to manage post LRYGB choledocholithiasis safely, efficiently and in a cost effective manner.
Milella, Marialessia; Alfa-Wali, Maryam; Leuratti, Luca; McCall, James; Bonanomi, Gianluca
Pediatric Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplication
MedlinePLUS Videos and Cool Tools
PEDIATRIC LAPAROSCOPIC NISSEN FUNDOPLICATION MOTHER AND CHILD HOSPITAL PRESBYTERIAN ST. LUKE�S, DENVER, COLORADO Broadcast September 8, 2005 ... m Dr. Steven Rothenberg and I�m a pediatric surgeon at the Mother and Child Hospital at ...
Laparoscopic Ventral Hernia Repair
... technique to fix tears or openings in the abdominal wall using small incisions, laparoscopes (small telescopes inserted into ... a patch (screen or mesh) to reinforce the abdominal wall. It may offer a quicker return to work ...
Learning laparoscopic myomectomy
To describe and to analyse the learning effect in laparoscopic myomectomy. Hospital chart records of 351 patients were retrospectively\\u000a evaluated. Myomectomy was performed in a standardised fashion. To assess a potential learning effect, only cases presenting\\u000a a singular intramural fibroid were analysed if a surgeon had done more than ten laparoscopic myomectomies of this type. Cases\\u000a were analysed according to
C. Altgassen; S. Kuss; U. Berger; W. Michels; K. Diedrich; A. Schultze-Mosgau
Laparoscopic tubal anastomosis.
We conducted a retrospective chart review of 22 laparoscopic tubal anastomoses performed between May 1987 and May 1991. The procedures were modeled after the two-stitch technique of Swolin. Overall fertility rates were disappointing in this small series, although the first live birth has occurred. The two-stitch method and available laparoscopic suture needles and needle holders limited the surgical results. Modifications of technique and instrumentation should improve fertility outcome. PMID:9050454
Reich, H; McGlynn, F; Parente, C; Sekel, L; Levie, M
Laparoscopic Repair of Left Lumbar Hernia After Laparoscopic Left Nephrectomy
Lumbar hernias, rarely seen in clinical practice, can be acquired after open or laparoscopic flank surgery. We describe a successful laparoscopic preperitoneal mesh repair of multiple trocar-site hernias after extraperitoneal nephrectomy. All the key steps including creating a peritoneal flap, reducing the hernia contents, and fixation of the mesh are described. A review of the literature on this infrequent operation is presented. Laparoscopic repair of lumbar hernias has all the advantages of laparoscopic ventral hernia repair.
Milone, Luca; Gumbs, Andrew; Turner, Patricia
Approach via a small retroperitoneal anterior subcostal incision in the supine position for gasless laparoendoscopic single-port radical nephrectomy: initial experience of 42 patients
Background Gasless laparoendoscopic single-port surgery (GasLESS) for radical nephrectomy (GasLESSRN) in the flank position is a minimally invasive treatment option for patients with T1�3 renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, RCC patients considered suitable for supine positioning rather than flank positioning for radical nephrectomy are occasionally encountered. This study evaluated the safety and feasibility of approach via a small retroperitoneal anterior subcostal incision (RASI) in the supine position for GasLESSRN (RASI-GasLESSRN) on the basis of our initial experience. Methods RASI-GasLESSRN was performed on 42 patients with RCC or suspected RCC from 2011�2013. The RASI, which was 6�cm long in principle, was made parallel to the tip of the rib from the lateral border of rectus abdominis muscle toward the flank in the supine position. The specimen was extracted via the RASI using a retrieval device. All procedures were performed retroperitoneally under flexible endoscopy with reusable instruments and without carbon dioxide insufflation or insertion of hands into the operative field. Results RASI-GasLESSRN was successfully performed in all patients without complications. The mean incision length was 6.3�cm, mean operative time was 198�minutes, and mean blood loss was 284�mL. All 42 patients were classified as Clavien grade I. The mean times to oral feeding and walking were 1.1 and 2�days, respectively. The mean number of postoperative days required for patients to be dischargeable was 3.7�days. Conclusions The approach via a small RASI in the supine position for GasLESSRN is a safe and feasible technique. RASI-GasLESSRN in the supine position is an alternative minimally invasive treatment option, especially for RCC patients considered suitable for supine positioning.
[Hepatobiliary manifestations in AIDS in adults. Place of cholecystectomy].
In AIDS patients an acalculous cholecystitis may be responsible for abdominal pain subsiding after cholecystectomy. But the indications for cholecystectomy are not clear: cholecystitis is usually associated with diffuse cholangitis and this might cause the symptoms. Since 1985, 8 AIDS patients have undergone cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis. Ultrasonography revealed a 5 to 12 mm thickening of the gallbladder wall in all of them and gallbladder stones in two; four patients had cholangitis. The decision to operate was based on persistent pain associated with fever, poor general condition and muscular rigidity at palpation. Four patients had septic shock at the time of surgery; one died in the immediate postoperative period. In all other patients pain and septic syndrome subsided. Two patients died of AIDS complications 20 days after surgery; the remaining five died of AIDS 6, 9, 10, 12 and 14 months respectively after surgery; in two of them cholestasis had reappeared due to cholangitis. To summarize, in the 8 AIDS patients studied cholecystectomy was performed for clinical deterioration. Gallbladder pathology was responsible for the abdominal pain and the febrile general condition which was relieved by cholecystectomy. PMID:1293600
Wind, P; Sales, J P; Lowenstein, W; Berger, A; Frileux, P; Cugnenc, P H
Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty
\\u000a Laparoscopic pyeloplasty offers the success of open surgery with the benefit of decreased postoperative pain and decreased\\u000a length of stay. Its use, however, is limited by the steep learning curve required for proficient laparoscopic skills. The\\u000a introduction of robotic assistance shortens the laparoscopic learning curve and may allow increased use of laparoscopy in\\u000a performing pediatric laparoscopic pyeloplasty. This chapter describes
Chad R. Tracy; Craig A. Peters
Laparoscopic Versus Open Appendectomy
Summary Background Data: The value of laparoscopy in appendicitis is not established. Studies suffer from multiple limitations. Our aim is to compare the safety and benefits of laparoscopic versus open appendectomy in a prospective randomized double blind study. Methods: Two hundred forty-seven patients were analyzed following either laparoscopic or open appendectomy. A standardized wound dressing was applied blinding both patients and independent data collectors. Surgical technique was standardized among 4 surgeons. The main outcome measures were postoperative complications. Secondary outcome measures included evaluation of pain and activity scores at base line preoperatively and on every postoperative day, as well as resumption of diet and length of stay. Activity scores and quality of life were assessed on short-term follow-up. Results: There was no mortality. The overall complication rate was similar in both groups (18.5% versus 17% in the laparoscopic and open groups respectively), but some early complications in the laparoscopic group required a reoperation. Operating time was significantly longer in the laparoscopic group (80 minutes versus 60 minutes; P = 0.000) while there was no difference in the pain scores and medications, resumption of diet, length of stay, or activity scores. At 2 weeks, there was no difference in the activity or pain scores, but physical health and general scores on the short-form 36 (SF36) quality of life assessment forms were significantly better in the laparoscopic group. Appendectomy for acute or complicated (perforated and gangrenous) appendicitis had similar complication rates, regardless of the technique (P = 0.181). Conclusions: Unlike other minimally invasive procedures, laparoscopic appendectomy did not offer a significant advantage over open appendectomy in all studied parameters except quality of life scores at 2 weeks. It also took longer to perform. The choice of the procedure should be based on surgeon or patient preference.
Katkhouda, Namir; Mason, Rodney J.; Towfigh, Shirin; Gevorgyan, Anna; Essani, Rahila
Development of virtual environments for training skills and reducing errors in laparoscopic surgery
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
In every surgical procedure there are key steps and skills that, if performed incorrectly, can lead to complications. In conjunction with efforts, based on task and error analysis, in the Videoscopic Training Center at UCSF to identify these key elements in laparoscopic surgical procedures, the authors are developing virtual environments and modeling methods to train the elements. Laparoscopic surgery is particularly demanding of the surgeon's spatial skills, requiring the ability to create 3D mental models and plans while viewing a 2D image. For example, operating a laparoscope with the objective lens angled from the scope axis is a skill that some surgeons have difficulty mastering, even after using the instrument in many procedures. Virtual environments are a promising medium for teaching spatial skills. A kinematically accurate model of an angled laparoscope in an environment of simple targets is being tested in courses for novice and experienced surgeons. Errors in surgery are often due to a misinterpretation of local anatomy compounded with inadequate procedural knowledge. Methods to avoid bile duct injuries in cholecystectomy are being integrated into a deformable environment consisting of the liver, gallbladder, and biliary tree. Novel deformable tissue modeling algorithms based on finite element methods will be used to improve the response of the anatomical models.
Tendick, Frank; Downes, Michael S.; Cavusoglu, Murat C.; Gantert, Walter A.; Way, Lawrence W.
Laparoscopic treatment of an upper gastrointestinal obstruction due to Bouveret's syndrome
Bouveret�s syndrome is an extremely rare type of gallstone-induced ileus with atypical clinical manifestations, such as abdominal distension and pain, nausea and vomiting, fever or even gastrointestinal bleeding, which may easily be misdiagnosed. In the present case, a 55-year-old male was admitted to the hospital with upper gastrointestinal obstructive symptoms but without pain, fever, jaundice or melena. At first, gastrolithiasis and peptic ulcer combined with pyloric obstruction were suspected after gastroscopy revealed a large, hard stone in the duodenal bulb. A revised diagnosis of Bouveret�s syndrome was made following abdominal computed tomography. Subsequently, the patient exhibited a good postoperative recovery after laparoscopic duodenotomy for gallstone removal and subtotal cholecystectomy. The condition of the patient remained stable after being followed up for 6 mo. The successful application of laparoscopic therapy to treat Bouveret�s syndrome has seldom been reported. Laparoscopic enterolithotomy is safe and effective, with good patient tolerability, rapid postoperative recovery and few wound-related complications. The laparoscopic treatment of Bouveret�s syndrome is worth exploring.
Yang, Dong; Wang, Zhen; Duan, Zhi-Jun; Jin, Shi
Biliary microflora in patients undergoing cholecystectomy.
Abstract Background: The management of acute cholecystitis requires a sound knowledge of the biliary microflora. Methods: Bile samples were taken for culture according to a standard routine during all cholecystectomies performed from April 2007 to February 2009 in the Department of Surgery at Enk�ping Hospital. The use of antibiotics within the 3-mo period before surgery, indication for surgery, prophylactic antibiotics, and post-operative complications were recorded prospectively. Results: Altogether, 246 procedures were performed during the study period, of which 149 (62%) were done on women. The mean (�SD) age of the study subjects was 49�16?y. Bacterial growth was seen in cultures from 34 (14%) of the subjects. The mean age of subjects with positive cultures was 64?y and that of subjects with negative cultures was 47?y (p<0.001). Positive culture was seen in 16 (31%) of the 51 patients who underwent operations for acute cholecystitis, whereas positive cultures were obtained in 18 of 195 patients without acute cholecystitis (9%) (p<0.001). Resistance to ampicillin was recorded in three of 34 (9%) of the cultures with bacterial growth, to co-trimoxazole in one of the 34 (3%) cultures, to fluoroquinolones in one of the 34 (3%) cultures, and to cephalosporins in one of the 34 (3%) cultures. Resistance to piperacillin-tazobactam was not observed in any of the cultures. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, a positive culture was the only factor significantly associated with risk for post-operative infectious complications (p<0.05). Discussion: Bacterial growth in the bile is observed more often in patients undergoing surgery for acute cholecystitis. The microflora of the bile is probably important for the outcome of surgery, but further studies are required for assessing the effectiveness of measures for preventing infectious post-operative complications. PMID:24801654
Darkahi, Bahman; Sandblom, Gabriel; Liljeholm, H�kan; Videhult, Per; Melhus, Asa; Rasmussen, Ib Christian
Laparoscopic surgery in endometriosis.
Endometriosis (the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside of the uterine cavity) is a common gynecologic problem affecting 10% of women in the general population, 40% of women with infertility and 60% of women with chronic pelvic pain. Laparoscopy has revolutionized management of women with endometriosis. Diagnosis of endometriosis depends on visualization of endometriotic lesions and histologic confirmation. Endometriotic implants have a multitude of appearances: powder burns, red, blue-black, yellow, white, clear vesicular and peritoneal windows. Diagnostic laparoscopy is often combined with operative procedures to treat manifestations and symptoms of endometriosis. This often includes removal or laser vaporization of endometriotic implants, lysis of adhesions, restoration of normal anatomy and removal or fulguration of ovarian endometriomas (conservative surgery). Severe incapacitating endometriosis, recurrent endometriosis following conservative surgery and symptomatic endometriosis in women not desiring more children is often treated by laparoscopic unilateral or bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy or laparoscopically-assisted vaginal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (radical surgery). Endometriosis affecting the appendix, ureters, bladder wall and rectosigmoid colon could be treated with laparoscopic appendectomy, excision of endometriotic implants or laparoscopic colectomy and anastomosis, respectively. Hydrodis-section and use of CO2 super pulsed laser aid in removal of adherent endometriotic implants without damage to normal underlying structures. Robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery promises to provide advantages in the management of women with severe endometriosis secondary to 3-dimensional visualization, decreasing surgeon's fatigue and hand tremors and improving surgical precision. PMID:18560348
Eltabbakh, G H; Bower, N A
Single-incision versus conventional laparoscopic appendectomy in 688 patients: a retrospective comparative analysis
Background Laparoscopic surgery has become the standard for treating appendicitis. The cosmetic benefits of using single-incision laparoscopy are well known, but its duration, complications and time to recovery have not been well documented. We compared 2 laparoscopic approaches for treating appendicitis and evaluated postoperative pain, complications and time to full recovery. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the cases of consecutive patients with appendicitis and compared those who underwent conventional laparoscopic appendectomy (CLA) performed using 3 incisions and those who underwent single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy (SILA). During SILA, the single port was prepared to increase visibility of the operative site. Results Our analysis included 688 consecutive patients: 618 who underwent CLA and 70 who underwent SILA. Postsurgical complications occurred more frequently in the CLA than the SILA group (18.1% v. 7.1%, p = 0.018). Patients who underwent SILA returned to oral feeding sooner than those who underwent CLA (median 12 h v. 22 h, p < 0.001). These between-group differences remained significant after controlling for other factors. Direct comparison of only nonperforated cases, which was determined by pathological examination, revealed that SILA was significantly longer than CLA (60 min v. 50 min, p < 0.001). Patients who underwent SILA had longer in-hospital stays than those who underwent CLA (72 v. 55 h, p < 0.001); however, they had significantly fewer complications (3.0% v. 14.4%, p = 0.006). Conclusion In addition to its cosmetic advantages, SILA led to rapid recovery and no increase in postsurgical pain or complications.
Liang, Hung-Hua; Hung, Chin-Sheng; Wang, Weu; Tam, Ka-Wai; Chang, Chun-Chao; Liu, Hui-Hsiung; Yen, Ko-Li; Wei, Po-Li
Three-Port Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in a Brazilian Amazon Woman with Situs Inversus Totalis: Surgical Approach
Situs inversus totalis (SIT) is an uncommon anomaly characterized by transposition of organs to the opposite side of the body in a mirror image of normal. We report on an adult woman, born and resident in Brazilian Amazonia, presenting acute pain located at the left hypochondrium and epigastrium. During clinical and radiological evaluation, the patient was found to have SIT
Mauro Neiva Fernandes; Ivan Nazareno Campos Neiva; Francisco de Assis Camacho; Lucas Crociati Meguins; Marcelo Neiva Fernandes; Em�lia Ma�ra Crociati Meguins
Single Incision versus Conventional Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Background Previous meta-analyses that compared the outcome of SILC and CLC have not presented consistent conclusions. This meta-analysis was performed after adding many recent RCTs, to clarify this issue. Methods Relevant articles published in English were identified by searching PubMed, Embase, Web of Knowledge, and the Cochrane Controlled Trial Register from January 1997 to February 2013. Reference lists of the retrieved articles were reviewed to identify additional articles. Primary outcomes (postoperative pain scores, cosmetic score, and length of incision) and secondary outcomes (operating time, blood loss, conversion rates, postoperative complications, postoperative hospital stay, time to initial oral intake, and time to resume work) were pooled. Quantitative variables were calculated using the weighted mean difference (WMD), and qualitative variables were pooled using odds ratios (OR). Results 25 appropriate RCTs were identified from 2128 published articles. 1841 patients were treated, 944 with SILC and 897 with CLC. SILC was superior to CLC in cosmetic score (WMD = 1.155, P<0.001), shorter length of incision (WMD = -3.285, P = 0.029), and postoperative pain within 12 h (VAS in 3-4 h, WMD = -0.704, P = 0.026; VAS in 6-8 h, WMD = -0.613, P = 0.010). CLC was superior to SILC in operating time (OT) (WMD = 13.613, P<0.001) and need of additional instruments (OR = 7.448, P<0.001). Other secondary outcomes were similar. Conclusions SILC offered a better cosmetic result and less postoperative pain for patients with uncomplicated cholelithiasis or polypoid lesions of the gallbladder. However, SILC was associated with a longer OT and required additional instruments.
Geng, Liangyuan; Sun, Changhua; Bai, Jianfeng
Laparoscopic Hernia Repair - Complications
Laparoscopic hernioplasty is a technique which can present a number of specific complications. This paper reviews the complications that can occur during laparoscopic hernia repair and ways to avoid them; it also describes the surgical technique used successfully in over 1000 cases. Initial experience suggests that complications can be avoided with adequate knowledge, attention to surgical anatomy and the proper technique of laparoscopic hernioplasty. Early recurrences are rare and invariably result from inadequate surgical technique. Inadequate fixation of the mesh, inadequate mesh size, and failure to cover unidentified wall defects (hernias which have never been repaired), are the main causes of early recurrence of hernia. Experience, knowledge of complications and how to avoid them, adequate training and attention to the anatomy of the inguinal region are the most important factors in correcting inguinal hernia successfully by laparoscopy.
Reusch, Marcus; daRosa, Andre L. M.; Carlos, Jose Roberto B.
Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy
Millions of men are diagnosed annually with prostate cancer worldwide. With the advent of PSA screening, there has been a shift in the detection of early prostate cancer, and there are increased numbers of men with asymptomatic, organ confined disease. Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is the latest, well accepted treatment that patients can select. We review the surgical technique, and oncologic and functional outcomes of the most current, large series of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy published in English. Positive margin rates range from 2.1�6.9% for pT2a, 9.9�20.6% for pT2b, 24.5�42.3% for pT3a, and 22.6�54.5% for pT3b. Potency rates after bilateral nerve sparing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy range from 47.1 to 67%. Continence rates at 12 months range from 83.6 to 92%.
Lipke, Michael; Sundaram, Chandru P.
Laparoscopically Assisted Spinal Surgery
Background: Spinal surgery is one of the newest frontiers of videolaparoscopic surgery, but requires the cooperative efforts of both the spinal surgeon and the laparoscopic general surgeon. Data Base: We report our experience with 76 cases of laparoscopic spinal surgery, using both a transperitoneal and a retroperitoneal approach. Technical details and complications are described in detail. Conclusions: Fifty-one patients had a transperitoneal approach with an average operating time of 117 minutes. Uncomplicated cases stayed 4.4 days. Five patients required conversion. All but one patient had L5-S1 level surgery. Twenty-five patients had a retroperitoneal approach with 150 minutes operating time and a 5.7 day stay. Conversions were minimized with a two-balloon technique. The retroperitoneal approach allows for multiple level surgery with virtually unlimited fusion devices. Laparoscopically assisted spine surgery affords all the benefits of minimally invasive surgery, without limitations for the spinal surgeon.
Cattey, Richard P.; Stoll, James E.; Robbins, Stephen
Cholecystectomy for cholecystitis in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
Acalculous cholecystitis, a recognized manifestation of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), causes abdominal pain which can be relieved by cholecystectomy. The indications for cholecystectomy have remained undefined, however, because the cholecystitis is usually accompanied by generalized cholangitis and it is difficult to distinguish the relative clinical importance of the two problems. Since 1985, we have performed cholecystectomy on 8 patients with AIDS who had clinical manifestations of acute cholecystitis associated with a thickening of the gallbladder wall by 5 mm to 12 mm. Two of the 8 had gallstones and 4 had associated cholangitis. All had been treated with antibiotics for 20 to 180 days before surgery, but physical deterioration had progressed in every case. At the moment of surgical intervention, 4 patients had multiple organ failure. One patient died 3 days postoperatively, but the rest recovered rapidly with resolution of the abdominal pain and sepsis. Two patients died 20 days after surgery due to complications of AIDS. The remaining 5 died due to AIDS at 6, 9, 10, 12, and 14 months after surgery. Two of this group developed progressive cholangitis with raised serum alkaline phosphatase. Our experience indicates that cholecystectomy should be considered for the treatment of severe and persistent symptoms of hepatobiliary manifestations of AIDS notwithstanding the presence of cholangitis. PMID:8080061
Wind, P; Chevallier, J M; Jones, D; Frileux, P; Cugnenc, P H
ICG-loaded microbubbles for multimodal billiary imaging in cholecystectomy
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
A dual-mode imaging technique has been developed for intraoperative imaging of bile ducts and real-time identification of iatrogenic injuries in cholecystectomy. The technique is based on ultrasound (US) and fluorescence (FL) imaging of a dual-mode microbubble (MB) agent comprising a poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) shell and a core of Indocyanine Green. During cholecystectomy, a clinical US probe is used to localize the bile duct structure after bolus injection of dual-mode MBs. As the surrounding adipose tissue is removed and the Calot's triangle is exposed, FL imaging is used to identify the MB distribution and to determine the potential bile duct injury. The contrast-enhanced bile duct imaging technique has been demonstrated in both a surgical simulation model and an ex vivo porcine tissue model under two surgical scenarios. The first scenario simulates the correct procedure where the cystic duct is clipped. The second scenario simulates the incorrect procedure where the common bile duct is clipped, leading to consequent bile duct injury. Benchtop experiments in both the phantom and the ex vivo models show that the dual-mode imaging technique is able to identify the potential bile duct injury during cholecystectomy. A phantom system has also been established for future device calibration and surgical training in image-guided cholecystectomy. Further in vivo animal validation tests are necessary before the technique can be implemented in a clinical setting.
Qin, Ruogu; Melvin, Scott; Xu, Ronald X.
Laparoscopic hysterectomy: challenges and limitations.
Twenty years after the first description of vaginal hysterectomy with laparoscopic assistance by Kurt Semm in 1984 (1), and 16 years after the publication of the so-called laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH) by Harry Reich in 1989 (2), it is time to review and evaluate the real benefits of laparoscopic hysterectomy. Although laparoscopic surgery is well accepted by gynaecologists worldwide for the treatment of certain gynaecological conditions, laparoscopic hysterectomy in Germany, and probably worldwide, is still only performed by a few specialists. Highly skilled surgical techniques, longer operating time and expensive technology are suggested to be the deterring factors. Laparoscopic hysterectomy, in its different forms, is an attractive and safe procedure for the management of benign gynaecological conditions and many authorities recommend its use on a larger extent. On the other hand, in our opinion, the use of laparoscopic hysterectomy for oncological indications is still controversial. Extensive experience of over 15 years, of the first author, in practising and teaching various forms laparoscopic hysterectomy, namely, laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH), total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH), classic intrafascial supracervical hysterectomy (CISH) and laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy (LSH), has led us to the firm conclusion that these techniques are advantageous to patients if performed for the appropriate indication. In particular, subtotal or supracervical hysterectomy, with the cervix remaining in its place, is associated with fewer complications and a very favourable outcome for the patient. Radical laparoscopic vaginal hysterectomy (RLVH), the last variant in our expos�, is only successful in an expert's hands. The surgical techniques of these varieties of laparoscopic hysterectomies will be described and illustrated in detail in this paper. PMID:16754157
Mettler, L; Ahmed-Ebbiary, N; Schollmeyer, T
[Laparoscopic appendectomy. Our experience].
The advantages and applications of the videolaparoscopic technique (VL) versus open surgery in the treatment of acute and complicated appendicitis are not well defined. Our study examined 150 patients, 67 males and 83 females. They underwent surgery for acute appendicitis in emergency. The choice between open or laparoscopic tecnique was due to patient's clinical conditions and surgeon's experience. Two of these patients had no infiammatory process. Eleven patients were affected by gynaecological diseases. The last 137 patients underwent surgery for acute appendicitis and the diagnosis was confirmed. Among them, 35 (25%) were affected by a complicated appendicitis with diffuse or clearly defined peritonitis. In 134 patients the surgery was completed laparoscopically. The conversion rate was 2%. Morbility rate was 3%, due to intra abdominal abscesses secondary to acute complicated appendicitis. The mean operative time was 76 min and the mean hospital stay was 4.8 days. The death rate was 0%. In our experience, laparoscopic appendectomy has significant advantages over traditional open surgery in both acute and complicated appendicitis, especially in young women. In this way, we can diagnose pelvic disease that could be characterized by the same symptoms of acute appendicitis, then we suggest laparoscopic appendectomy even just to complete the diagnostic iter. Laparoscopy is useful in terms of convalescence, postoperative pain, hospital stay, aesthetic outcome and an easier exploration of the peritoneal cavity. PMID:22595725
Pezzolla, Angela; Milella, Marialessia; Lattarulo, Serafina; Barile, Graziana; Pascazio, Bianca; Ialongo, Paolo; Fabiano, Gennaro; Palasciano, Nicola
Pediatric Laparoscopic Dismembered Pyeloplasty
We performed laparoscopic dismembered pyeloplasty in a boy with right ureteropelvic junction obstruction using 4 cannula sites, and a dismembering and reanastomosis technique identical to that used in open pyeloplasty. Interrupted sutures were placed and tied intracorporeally. A nephrostomy tube was placed under direct vision for drainage but no ureteral stent was used. Total operating time was 5 hours. The
Craig A. Peters; Richard N. Schlussel; Alan B. Retik
Laparoscopic vs . Hand-Assisted Laparoscopic Sigmoidectomy for Diverticulitis
Introduction Sigmoid colectomy for diverticulitis can be technically challenging because of severe inflammation in the left-lower quadrant and pelvis. We hypothesized that hand-assisted laparoscopic technique may facilitate laparoscopic completion of this surgery while retaining the short-term benefits associated with �pure� laparoscopic surgery, in which an incision is made only for extracting the specimen. This study was designed to compare the
Sang W. Lee; James Yoo; Nadav Dujovny; Toyooki Sonoda; Jeffrey W. Milsom
Single incision laparoscopic right colectomy
Objective��This study was designed to describe the surgical technique for single-incision laparoscopic right colectomy and present preliminary\\u000a short-term results. Laparoscopic surgery has been fully validated as alternative, minimally invasive treatment for different\\u000a benign and malignant conditions. In the attempt to reduce even more the surgical trauma, natural orifices transluminal endoscopic\\u000a surgery (NOTES�) and single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) have been proposed.
Luigi Boni; Gianlorenzo Dionigi; Elisa Cassinotti; Matteo Di Giuseppe; Mario Diurni; Stefano Rausei; Fabrizio Cantore; Renzo Dionigi
Laparoscopic right hemihepatectomy for hepatolithiasis
Background��Liver resection is the definitive treatment for unilateral hepatolithiasis [1]. Recently, laparoscopic major hepatectomias have become more common and are being performed in highly specialized centers\\u000a [2�4]. However, few laparoscopic liver resections for hepatolithiasis have been reported. Chen et al. [5] reported two cases of laparoscopic left lobectomy for hepatolithiasis, but to our knowledge, right hepatectomy has never\\u000a been reported
M. A. C. Machado; F. F. Makdissi; R. C. T. Surjan; A. R. F. Teixeira; A. Sep�lveda; T. Bacchella; M. C. C. Machado
Laparoscopic en bloc kidney transplantation
Laparoscopic donor nephrectomy is well establish procedure and having advantages over open donor nephrectomy in terms of having less pain, early ambulation and rapid post operative recovery. To extend the advantages of laparoscopic surgery to the recipient, recently we have performed laparoscopic kidney transplantations when kidney was procured from deceased donors. As a further extension of the procedure, here we present a case of laparoscopic en bloc kidney transplantation in obese diabetic recipient who received kidneys from 70 year old non-heart beating donor.
Modi, Pranjal; Thyagaraj, Krishnaprasad; Rizvi, Syed Jamal; Vyas, Jigish; Padhi, Sukant; Shah, Kamlesh; Patel, Ram
Laparoscopic gastric bypass versus laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding
BackgroundIndications for and results of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) and laparoscopic gastric bypass (LGB) are still controversial, especially between Europe and the United States. The recent availability of gastric bandings in the United States made it necessary to compare the two techniques.
Laurent Biertho; Rudolf Steffen; Thomas Ricklin; Fritz F Horber; Alfons Pomp; William B Inabnet; Daniel Herron; Michel Gagner
Laparoscopic dissection of the ureter for radical laparoscopic hysterectomy
The most important step in radical hysterectomy is freeing the ureter from the anterior parametrium. In this paper we describe our modified technique for freeing the ureter from the anterior parametrium for a Piver II�III radical hysterectomy by means of pure laparoscopic surgery. Our series consists of seventeen patients undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy. In evaluating the technique, we considered its feasibility,
Eugenio Volpi; Annamaria Ferrero; Alice Peroglio Carus; Elena Jacomuzzi; Piero Sismondi
Three-Year Follow-up of a Prospective Randomized Trial Comparing Laparoscopic Versus Open Gastric Bypass
Objective: To analyze long-term weight loss, changes in comorbidities and quality of life, and late complications after laparoscopic and open gastric bypass. Summary Background Data: Early results from our prospective randomized trial comparing the outcome of laparoscopic versus open gastric bypass demonstrated less postoperative pain, shorter length of hospital stay, fewer wound-related complications, and faster convalescence for patients who underwent laparoscopic gastric bypass. Methods: Between May 1999 and March 2001, 155 morbidly obese patients were enrolled in this prospective trial, in which 79 patients were randomized to laparoscopic gastric bypass and 76 to open gastric bypass. Two patients in the laparoscopic group required conversion to open surgery; their data were analyzed within the laparoscopic group on an intention-to-treat basis. The 2 groups were well matched for body mass index, age, and gender. Outcome evaluation included weight loss, changes in comorbidities and quality of life, and late complications. Results: The mean follow-up was 39 � 8 months. There were no significant differences in the percent of excess body weight loss between the 2 groups at the 3-year follow-up (77% for laparoscopic versus 67% for open). The rate of improvement or resolution of comorbidities was similar between groups. Improvement in quality of life, measured by the Moorehead-Ardelt Quality of Life Questionnaire, was observed in both groups without significant differences between groups. Late complications were similar between groups except for the rate of incisional hernia, which was significantly greater after open gastric bypass (39% versus 5%, P < 0.01), and the rate of cholecystectomy, which was greater after laparoscopic gastric bypass (28% versus 5%, P = 0.03). Conclusions: In this randomized trial with a 3-year follow-up, we found that laparoscopic gastric bypass was equally effective as open gastric bypass with respect to weight loss and improvement in comorbidities and quality of life. A major advantage at long-term follow-up for patients who underwent laparoscopic gastric bypass was the reduction in the rate of incisional hernia.
Puzziferri, Nancy; Austrheim-Smith, Iselin T.; Wolfe, Bruce M.; Wilson, Samuel E.; Nguyen, Ninh T.
Pediatric laparoscopic and robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery: technical considerations.
Laparoscopy has become an effective modality for the treatment of many pediatric urologic conditions that need both extirpative and reconstructive techniques. Laparoscopic procedures for urologic diseases in children, such as pyeloplasty, orchiopexy, nephrectomy, and bladder augmentation, have proven to be safe and effective with outcomes comparable to those of open techniques. Given the steep learning curve and technical difficulty of laparoscopic surgery, robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery (RAS) is increasingly being adopted in pediatric patients worldwide. Anything that can be performed laparoscopically in adults can be extended into pediatric practice with minor technical refinements. We review the role of laparoscopic and RAS in pediatric urology and provide technical considerations necessary to perform minimally invasive surgery successfully. PMID:22050504
Tomaszewski, Jeffrey J; Casella, Daniel P; Turner, Robert M; Casale, Pasquale; Ost, Michael C
Multimodal Preincisional Premedication to Prevent Acute Pain After Cholecystectomy
Introduction Postoperative pain as an important medical concern is usually treated by opioids which also are of various inevitable side effects. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of multimodal preincisional premedication on preventing post-cholecystectomy acute pain. Methods In a randomized clinical trial, sixty patients undergoing open cholecystectomy were randomized into two groups. Before anesthesia induction, Diclofenac suppository (100 mg) and oral Clonidine (0.2 mg) were administered in the first group. Immediately before operation, patients received Ketamine (1 mg/kg IV) while the control group received placebo. The site of incision was infiltrated by the surgeon with 20 mL Bupivacaine 0.25% in both groups. Anesthesia induction and maintenance were similar in both groups. The severity of pain was recorded 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after operation according to Visual Analogue Scale. Results The severity of pain at two defined stages (6 and 12 hours later) was significantly less in the intervention group than the control group (P<0.005). The average pain severity score was less than the control group (P<0.005). Conclusion In our study, the administration of Clonidine, Diclofenac and Ketamine and bupivacaine infiltration to the site of incision, altogether was associated with a significant decrease in pain score and opioid requirement after cholecystectomy in comparison to bupivacaine infiltration to the site of incision.
Aghamohammadi, Dawood; Hosseinzadeh, Hamzeh; Eidy, Mahmood; Mohammadzadeh Vizhe, Zahra; Abolghasemi Fakhri, Mohammad Bassir; Movassaghi, Reza; Ghabili, Kamyar; Golzari, Samad EJ
Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding
. We introduced open adjustable silicone gastric banding (ASGB) for treatment of morbid obesity in our institution\\u000a in 1991. It was done in a prospective study comparing ASGB with vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG) with regard to weight loss.\\u000a After 200 cases of open ASGB and 210 VBG procedures and the encouraging weight loss results, we started laparoscopic placement\\u000a of the
Mitiku Belachew; Marc Legrand; Vernon Vincent; Michel Lismonde; Nicole Le Docte; Veronique Deschamps
Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair
Background��Despite numerous attempts to improve the techniques used for hernia repair, current published series show that recurrence\\u000a rates are as high as 5�20%. The complexity of inguinal anatomy, combined with multiple potential areas of weakness, has contributed\\u000a to the difficulty in preventing recurrences. However, the laparoscopic approach to inguinal herniorrhaphy has allowed clear\\u000a visualization of all preperitoneal fascial planes and
B. Ramshaw; F. Wo Shuler; H. B. Jones; T. D. Duncan; J. White; R. Wilson; G. W. Lucas; E. M. Mason
Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding
Summary��\\u000a Background: A body mass index (BMI) of 40 or above represents clinically severe obesity, and warrants operative treatment, if requested\\u000a to bariatric surgery. The Adjustable Silicone Gastric Banding (Lap-Band, Bioenterics) and the Swedish Adjustable Gastric\\u000a Band (SAGB, Obtech) are recently produced laparoscopic gastric restrictive procedures. The aim of this study was to assess\\u000a all the possible complications linked to
K. Miller; E. Hell
Laparoscopic surgery for diverticulitis
Background: Resection of diverticular disease may be quite challenging; the acute inflammatory process, thick sigmoid mesentery, and\\u000a any associated fistula or abscess can make this procedure technically demanding. The aim of this study was to compare the\\u000a results between laparoscopic and laparotomy-type resections stratified by disease severity and thereby predict outcome and\\u000a possibly a subset of patients who may benefit
M. E. Sher; F. Agachan; M. Bortul; J. J. Nogueras; E. G. Weiss; S. D. Wexner
Laparoscopic and Robotic Pyeloplasty
\\u000a Laparoscopic pyeloplasty as a treatment option for the obstructed ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) combines the advantage of an\\u000a open reconstruction under direct magnified vision with the low morbidity of an endoscopic approach. First described as a minimally\\u000a invasive treatment option by Schuessler and colleagues in 1993 (1), there are several large published series with extended\\u000a follow-up confirming long-term patency rates of
Sean P. Hedican; Murali K. Ankem
Laparoscopic pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy
A case of chronic pancreatitis localized in the head of the pancreas with pancreas divisum was treated by laparoscopic pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy. The laparoscopic technique of resection and reconstruction with a gastrojejunostomy, hepaticojejunostomy, and pancreaticojejunostomy is described. The postoperative period was complicated by a jejunal ulcer and delayed gastric emptying necessitating a prolonged hospitalization and intravenous hyperalimentation. No fistulas occurred, a
M. Gagner; A. Pomp
Laparoscopic colopexy in a horse
An 11-year-old Trakehner gelding required 2 ventral midline celiotomies for correction of a large colon volvulus and a large colon displacement, respectively. Laparoscopic colopexy was performed 50 days following the 2nd celiotomy. Delayed laparoscopic colopexy is minimally invasive and does not disrupt the ventral midline incision following abdominal exploration.
Butt, Troy D.; Wilson, David G.
[Laparoscopic hysterectomy -- indications, technic, complications].
In recent decades, interest in laparoscopic gynecological practice increase. This technic applied first as a diagnostic tool in women with infertility. Subsequently starts to be used to perform surgery in small region of the fallopian tubes and ovaries, being increasingly developed and today, it is considered that any gynecological operation can be performed laparoscopically. PMID:24505638
Bechev, Bl; Kornovski, J; Kostov, I; Lazarov, I
Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy: Preliminary Results
Background: Retropubic and perineal radical prostatectomy are used for curative treatment of localized prostate cancer. More complex urological procedures are now being done with laparoscopy. We present our initial results of transperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.Materials and Methods: Twenty laparoscopic radical prostatectomies were performed between May 1998 and May 1999. The mean age at the time of surgery was 64.2 years.
F. Jacob; L. Salomon; A. Hoznek; J. Bellot; P. Antiphon; D. K. Chopin; C. C. Abbou
Transumbilical single-incision laparoscopic hepatectomy using precoagulation and clipless technique in a patient with combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma: a case report.
We report our first case of single-incision laparoscopic hepatectomy in a 43-year-old woman with a 30-mm solitary combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma. A port of single-incision laparoscopic surgery was inserted through the abdominal wall using a 2.5-cm single incision in the umbilical area. To obtain adequate operative view for the tumor in segment 6, a 5-mm flexible endoscope, roticulated instruments, and a miniloop retractor were used. After precoagulation with a 5-mm flexible microwave probe, liver resection was performed using laparoscopic ultrasonic shears, soft-coagulation devices, and a tissue-sealing knife. Subsequently, cholecystectomy was carried out for a gallbladder polyp. The procedure was successfully completed without conversion to conventional laparoscopic technique. The operation time was 180 minutes and operative blood loss was uncountable. Transumbilical single-incision laparoscopic hepatectomy using precoagulation and clipless techniques is feasible and seems to provide better cosmetic appearance in selected cases by qualified endoscopic liver surgeons. PMID:24105295
Toyama, Yoichi; Yoshida, Seiya; Okui, Norimitsu; Kitamura, Hiroaki; Yanagisawa, Satoru; Yanaga, Katsuhiko
Postoperative fistula of the abdominal wall after laparascopic cholecystectomy due to lost gallstones
Abdominal fistula caused by cholesterol gallstones, which remained in the abdominal wall after laparascopic cholecystectomy: a laparascopic cholecystectomy was performed in a 60-years-old man who was diagnosed as acute necrosing cholecystitis due to cholecystolithiasis. After removal of the gallbladder using an Endocath some gallstones remained in the excision channel of the abdominal wall. Therefore, a fistula developed in the excision
H. Weiler; A. Grandel
Injury to Aberrant Bile Ducts During Cholecystectomy: A Common Cause of Diagnostic Error and Treatment Delay
OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of injured aberrant bile ducts in a population with complications after cholecystectomy and to determine whether such injury resulted in significant delay in the diagnosis and treatment of bile duct injuries. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The cholangiograms of 82 patients who sustained bile duct injury during cholecystectomy were reviewed. Prevalence
Paul V. Suhocki; William C. Meyers
Laparoscopic donor nephrectomy
Background��Several large series of laparoscopic donor nephrectomy (LDN) have been published, largely focusing on immediate results and\\u000a short-term complications. The aim of this study was to examine the results of LDN and collect medium-term and long-term donor\\u000a followup.\\u000a \\u000a \\u000a \\u000a Methods��We examined the results of two surgeons who performed 500 consecutive LDNs from 1996 to 2005. Prospective databases were reviewed\\u000a for both
Edward H. Chin; David Hazzan; Daniel M. Herron; John N. Gaetano; Scott A. Ames; Jonathan S. Bromberg; Michael Edye
[Laparoscopic hepatectomy with radiofrequency device].
Laparoscopic liver resections are gaining adherents among surgeons, as they show rapid recovery, shorter hospital stay and better cosmetic results. The use of a laparoscopic radiofrequency device was first carried out successfully in Brazil for resection of hepatocellular carcinoma of the segment VI in two cirrhotic patients. Although intraoperative bleeding remains a major challenge for the surgeon during laparoscopic liver resections, in both cases the hepatic vascular exclusion was expendable and there was no need for blood transfusion. Patients were discharged on the fourth postoperative day. PMID:23752645
Resende, Vivian; Lima, Cristiano Xavier; Lusckal, M�rio Marcos; Aguiar, Milton Carlos; Gammeri, Emanuele; Habib, Nagy Adley; da Cunha-Melo, Jos� Renan
Endoscopic management of a major bile duct stricture from surgical clips following laparoscopic hemicolectomy.
Benign postoperative bile duct strictures are usually complications of cholecystectomies. However, development of obstructive jaundice and biliary stricture as a result of surgical clips after laparoscopic right hemicolectomy is rare and has not been reported in the literature. We present a case of a 64-year-old woman who presented with sudden onset jaundice and abdominal pain, 1 week following right hemicolectomy. Laboratory reports suggested obstructive jaundice. Subsequent imaging studies showed biliary dilation of both intrahepatic and extrahepatic ducts with no evidence of bile duct stones. The endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) showed an abrupt, complete obstruction of the common bile duct at the level of the surgical clips. The bile duct stricture formed at the site of surgical clips improved significantly after serial incremental biliary dilations with successive placement of increasing number of endoprostheses side-by-side at repeat ERCP sessions. PMID:23446047
Singh, Shailendra; Aoun, Elie; Thakkar, Shyam
Comparison of Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy and Laparoscopically Assisted Vaginal Hysterectomy
We compare the surgical results of 60 women undergoing laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH) and 41 having total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) under the indications of uterine fibroids or adenomyosis. With similar specimen weight, TLH required longer surgery duration (140.4 vs. 115.1 min; p < 0.05) than LAVH. Among women with uteri weighing ?200 g, TLH resulted in relatively smaller blood
Cheng Yu Long; Jia Hong Fang; Wei Chin Chen; Jinu Huang Su; Shih Cheng Hsu
Is routine MR cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) justified prior to cholecystectomy?
Purpose��We investigated routinely the bile ducts by magnetic resonance cholangiopancreaticography (MRCP) prior to cholecystectomy.\\u000a The aim of this study was to analyze the rate of clinically inapparent common bile duct (CBD) stones, the predictive value\\u000a of elevated liver enzymes for CBD stones, and the influence of the radiological results on the perioperative management.\\u000a \\u000a \\u000a \\u000a Methods��In this prospective study, 465 patients were
C. A. Nebiker; S. A. Baierlein; S. Beck; M. von Fl�e; C. Ackermann; R. Peterli
Use of rigid tubal ligation scope: Serendipity in laparoscopic common bile duct exploration
AIM: To assess the feasibility, safety of rigid tubal ligation scope in laparoscopic common bile duct (CBD) exploration. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rigid nephroscope was used for laparoscopic CBD exploration until one day we tried the same with the rigid tubal ligation scope, which was passed easily into CBD both proximally and distally visualising the interior of the duct for presence of stone that were removed using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography (ERCP) basket. This serendipity led us to use this scope for numerous patients from then on. A total of 62 patients, including male and female, underwent laparoscopic CBD exploration after choledochotomy with rigid tubal ligation scope between March 2007 and December 2012 followed by cholecystectomy. All the patients had both cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis with minimum duct diameter of 12 mm. A total of 48 patients were given T-tube through choledochotomy and closed, and the remaining 14 patients had primary closure of choledochotomy. RESULTS: There were no intra-operative complications in any of the patients like CBD injury or portal vein injury. Post-operatively graded clamping of T-tube was done and was removed after 15 days in the patients who were given T-tube. None had retained the stone after T-tube cholangiography, which was done before removing the tube. Mean duration of follow up was 6 months. No patients had any complaints during the follow up. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic CBD exploration is also feasible with rigid tubal ligation scope. With experienced surgeons, CBD injury is very minimal and stone clearance can be achieved in almost all patients. This rigid tubal ligation scope can be an alternative to other rigid and flexible scopes.
Sahoo, Manash Ranjan; Thimmegowda, Anil Kumar; Behera, Syama Sundar
Complications after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy
BackgroundLaparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has recently become a feasible option in the management of morbid obesity. The objective of this study was to examine the morbidity and mortality arising from LSG as a primary procedure for weight loss.
Peter F. Lalor; Olga N. Tucker; Samuel Szomstein; Raul J. Rosenthal
PurposeAn increasing number of operative procedures in pediatric urology can be performed by laparoscopy. We report our experience with laparoscopic heminephroureterectomy, which is a typical operation in pediatric patients.
Gunter Janetschek; Jorg Seibold; Christian Radmayr; Georg Bartsch
Thermostasis during laparoscopic urologic surgery.
It has been postulated that gaseous insufflation of the abdominal cavity results in temperature elevation, particularly in children, and that the use of heating blankets should be avoided during laparoscopic surgery. On review of the last 102 laparoscopic genitourinary cases, we conclude that the use of nonheated, nonhumidified carbon dioxide for insufflation during laparoscopic surgery under a general anesthetic results in mild hypothermia. The use of warming devices in this setting is both safe and appropriate. Children have a rise in temperature relative to preoperative measurement, although they are explicitly capable of hypothermia. Neither the duration of the procedure, the surgical approach, nor conversion to open exploration had a significant impact on temperature regulation. Adrenalectomy results in more exaggerated temperature changes than do other laparoscopic procedures. PMID:12396438
Kaynan, Ayal M; Winfield, Howard N
Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Prostatectomy
MedlinePLUS Videos and Cool Tools
... R. 32, where we'll have a real-time demonstration of the robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy, performed ... it is associated with a more rapid recovery time. Patients can expect to be in the hospital ...
Laparoscopic resection of giant liver hemangioma using laparoscopic Habib probe for parenchymal transection
Experience with laparoscopic liver resections is limited. Laparoscopic resection of a variety of liver lesions has been reported and is considered appropriate for lesions in the left lateral segment and inferior segments of the right lobe. Herein, we report a 52-year-old male patient who underwent a laparoscopic resection of giant liver hemangioma with the use of a laparoscopic 4� Habib probe.
Gadiyaram, Srikanth; Shetty, Neel
Complications of laparoscopic antireflux surgery
Over the last decade, the laparoscopic approach to antireflux surgery has been widely applied, resulting in improved early\\u000a outcomes and greater patient acceptance of surgery for gastroesophageal reflux disease. However, although short-term outcomes\\u000a are probably better overall than those following open surgery, it has become apparent that the laparoscopic approach is associated\\u000a with an increased risk of some complications, and
D. I. Watson; A. C. de Beaux
Laparoscopic treatment of ventral hernia
.�� Laparoscopic repair of abdominal wall hernias has been introduced recently to treat both spontaneous and incisional hernias\\u000a with reported good results. In the Mafraq and Al Jaziera Hospitals in the United Arab Emirates, 18 patients have been treated\\u000a using the laparoscopic technique. These cases included 11 incisional hernias, 5 spontaneous paraumbilical hernias, and 2 combined\\u000a incisional and paraumbilical hernias.
M. Farrakha
Laparoscopic colorectal resection for diverticulitis
This study evaluated outcome in patients undergoing laparoscopically assisted sigmoid resection for diverticular disease.\\u000a A total of 29 consecutive patients were treated surgically for colonic diverticulitis; in 27 of these laparoscopy was performed.\\u000a The review of medical records from a control group of 34 patients undergoing open resection were used for comparison. The\\u000a conversion rate was 7.5%. Using the laparoscopic
L. K�hler; D. Rixen; H. Troidl
Simulation of Laparoscopic Surgery Lab
NSDL National Science Digital Library
This simulation of laparoscopic surgery enables learners to practice and to learn this modern surgical technique. Learners discover how to manipulate a variety of instruments while watching a TV monitor, thereby learning to compensate while going from a 3-D situation to a 2-D situation. Learners also analyze the pros and cons of the procedure. Note: Laparoscopic instruments are needed for this activity; adult supervision and safety demonstration recommended. A/V equipment is also required.
Robitaille, Phyllis
Laparoscopic Surgery for Ulcerative Colitis
Laparoscopic techniques have become increasingly used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis: in experienced hands, they are safe and feasible. Recovery advantages have not been consistently demonstrated and functional results have been comparable to open surgery. Other possible benefits and costs issues have also been inconsistent. Further investigation on the role of laparoscopic surgery for ulcerative colitis with larger populations and longer follow-up with a focus on recovery parameters, quality of life, and costs are needed.
Stocchi, Luca
Complications of laparoscopic urologic surgery.
Laparoscopic techniques performed in the urologic setting have received great attention in the past decade. With the development of improved laparoscopic instrumentation, approaches to gonadal, renal, prostate, and bladder diseases have been successfully performed. A discussion of urologic laparoscopy (UL) with particular attention to potential complications and limitations is presented. Awareness of these evolving technologies remains critical to all surgeons with an interest in laparoscopy. PMID:15630945
Madeb, Ralph; Koniaris, Leonidas G; Patel, Hitendra R H; Dana, James F; Nativ, Ofer; Moskovitz, Boaz; Erturk, Erdal; Joseph, Jean V
Full-thickness cholecystectomy with limited lymphadenectomy for gallbladder cancer.
Aggressive radical resection is advocated for gallbladder cancer. However, this is a disease of the elderly and some patients have comorbid disease(s) and/or a debilitated condition that may preclude such an aggressive treatment strategy. Here, we describe a minimum radical procedure for gallbladder cancer, termed as "full-thickness cholecystectomy with limited lymphadenectomy". This procedure comprises full-thickness resection of the gallbladder (cholecystectomy combined with removal of the entire cystic plate) and removal of the first-echelon lymph nodes (the pericholedochal and cystic duct node groups). Since 1992, 12 consecutive patients underwent the described procedure for tumors confined to the gallbladder wall and with no gross evidence of distant metastases/nodal disease, resulting in no in-hospital mortality or recurrent disease. The median overall survival was 229 months with a cumulative 5-year survival of 100%. In conclusion, the minimal radical resection procedure is safe and effective for early-stage gallbladder cancer. This less invasive procedure can be applied to patients with advanced age and/or comorbid disease(s), provided that the tumor is apparently confined to the gallbladder wall and has no gross evidence of distant metastases/nodal disease. PMID:22534480
Shirai, Yoshio; Sakata, Jun; Wakai, Toshifumi; Hatakeyama, Katsuyoshi
Lessons Learned from Laparoscopic Gastric Banding.
The author reviews 27 laparoscopic gastric banding operations, of which 19 cases were completed. Of the 27 operations, eight were revisions of earlier laparoscopic banding. The lessons learned from these cases are highlighted. PMID:10757955
Improved Image-Guided Laparoscopic Prostatectomy.
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Laparoscopic Ultrasound probe (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA) was integrated with the daVinci surgical system for use in Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Prostatectomy (RALP). Automatic robotic-assisted palpation (initially planned for months 18-24) was co...
I. Fleming
Laparoscopic pancreatic resection: is it worthwhile?
A series of 23 patients who had undergone an attempted laparoscopic Whipple (n = 10) or laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy\\u000a (n = 9) or laparoscopic enucleation (n = 4) since January 1992 were retrospectively reviewed. In the laparoscopic Whipple\\u000a group (6 women and 4 men; mean age 71 [range 33 to 82] years), eight had malignant periampullary tumors and two had
Michel Gagner; Alfons Pomp
Complete laparoscopic removal of a gastric trichobezoar.
Trichobezoars are seen usually in adolescent girls and laparotomy is required to remove them, though recently laparoscopic assisted and laparoscopic removal have been reported in adults and older children. We report this 4-year-old boy who underwent complete laparoscopic removal of a gastric trichobezoar, both for its rarity in such young boys and also because he is the youngest reported patient to undergo complete laparoscopic removal of a gastric trichobezoar. PMID:25013333
Vepakomma, Deepti; Alladi, Anand
Laparoscopic tubal anastomosis: reversal of sterilization.
A case of laparoscopic reversal of tubal sterilization is reported. The patient was a 38 year old woman sterilized by bipolar diathermia two years earlier. Refertilization was performed by laparoscopic end to end anastomosis of one tube. Postoperatively, the patient had one menstruation and then achieved an intrauterine pregnancy. The laparoscopic method of refertilization saves expensive hospitalization costs. PMID:8259759
Istre, O; Olsboe, F; Trolle, B
Hand-assisted laparoscopic radical nephrectomy.
Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy is the standard of care for the management of most renal cancers. The hand-assisted approach has bridged the gap between open nephrectomy and a pure laparoscopic approach. Hand-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy allows tactile feedback, thus shortening the learning curve for some surgeons and allowing more experienced laparoscopists to perform more complex and challenging procedures. PMID:21254933
Patel, Sutchin R; Nakada, Stephen Y
Laparoscopic management of chylous ascites following laparoscopic donor nephrectomy
Laparoscopic donor nephrectomy (LDN) is an established operation for organ procurement in living donor transplantation. Living donor renal transplantation is being performed more frequently and is associated with better graft function and survival. The minimal access approach for organ procurement from healthy individuals ensures early convalescence and improved patient participation. Here we describe a rare complication of LDN. Postoperative chylous ascites frequently occurs secondary to aortic surgery. Though previously described after LDN, its treatment remains contentious. Conventional strategies have adopted an expectant approach with medical management. These include parenteral feeding, bowel rest and somatostatin analogue usage. We report laparoscopic suture ligation as the principal management of postoperative chyle leak. We advocate surgical exploration in acute onset, high output chylous ascites. Pre-existing port site incisions were used for undertaking successful laparoscopic repair. This surgical approach enabled faster convalescence and reduced hospital stay�important considerations for our healthy living donor.
Sinha, Ashish; Mamode, Nizam
Entry Complications in Laparoscopic Surgery
To review the complications associated with laparoscopic surgery and provide clinical direction regarding the best practice based on the best available evidence. The laparoscopic entry techniques and technologies reviewed include the classic pneumoperitoneum (Veress/trocar), the open (Hasson), the direct trocar insertion, the use of disposable shielded trocars, radially expanding trocars and visual entry systems. Medline, Pubmed and Cochrane Databases were searched for English language articles published before December 2008. It is an evidence based fact that minimal access surgery is superior to conventional open surgery since this is beneficial to the women, community and the healthcare system.Over the past 50 years, many techniques, technologies and guidelines have been introduced to eliminate the risks associated with laparoscopic entry. No single technique or instrument has been proved to eliminate laparoscopic entry associated injury. Proper evaluation of the women, supported by surgical skills and good knowledge of the technology and instrumentation is the keystone to safe access and prevention of complications during laparoscopic surgery.
Krishnakumar, S; Tambe, P
Early cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: a population-based retrospective cohort study of variation in practice
Background Despite evidence in favour of early cholecystectomy for most patients with acute cholecystitis, variation in practice has been reported across hospitals worldwide. We sought to characterize the extent and potential sources of variation in the performance of early cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis within a large regional health care system. Methods We used a population-based retrospective cohort design. The cohort was limited to adults with a first episode of acute cholecystitis, admitted through the emergency department. Patients were identified using administrative databases comprising all emergency department visits and hospital admissions in Ontario from 2004 to 2010. Patient and hospital characteristics associated with early cholecystectomy (within 7 d of emergency department presentation) were identified using multilevel logistic regression. Results We identified 24�437 patients admitted to 106 hospitals with a first episode of acute cholecystitis. Most (58%, n = 14�286) underwent early cholecystectomy. Rates of early cholecystectomy varied widely across hospitals (median 51%, interquartile range [IQR] 25%�72%), even among healthy patients aged 18�49 years with uncomplicated cholecystitis (median 74%, IQR 41%�88%). Multivariable multilevel analysis showed that hospitals in the lowest quartile for volume of acute cholecystitis admissions had the lowest adjusted odds of early cholecystectomy (odds ratio 0.53, 95% confidence interval 0.35�0.78) and that hospital effects accounted for half (27%) of the explained variation (53%) in early cholecystectomy. Interpretation Across the hospitals of a regional health care system, similar patients with acute cholecystitis did not receive comparable care. Hospital-specific initiatives should be considered to facilitate early cholecystectomy for patients with acute cholecystitis.
Laupacis, Andreas; Rotstein, Ori D.; Hoch, Jeffrey S.; Haas, Barbara; Gomez, David; Zagorski, Brandon; Nathens, Avery B.
Laparoscopic telescope with alpha port and aesop to view open surgical procedures.
Laparoscopy has advanced surgery by allowing the surgeon to operate within a patient's abdominal and pelvic cavity with minimal trauma and scarring. The coupling of a video camera to the laparoscopic telescope has had the secondary effect of allowing others to view the surgical field either on color video monitors or by watching the video feed over the Internet at a remote location. These advancements have allowed better teaching and mentoring of operations. Open procedures can benefit from this technology as well but have suffered in the past from inadequate methods to depict the open surgical field. We used the Alpha Port and Aesop robot to position a sterile laparoscopic telescope near the surgical field to view open cholecystectomies performed on five pigs and to send the video feed over the Internet to remote physicians. Viewing the video on the monitor, the surgeons performed the operation in a comfortable ergonomic upright position. Both the surgeons and the remote physicians found the quality of the video to be excellent, and the remote physicians felt comfortable learning and mentoring surgical procedures using this technique. PMID:11569510
Russell, K M; Broderick, T J; Demaria, E J; Kothari, S N; Merrell, R C
Intracorporeal Anastomosis in Laparoscopic Gastric Cancer Surgery
Laparoscopic gastrectomy has become widely used as a minimally invasive technique for the treatment of gastric cancer. When it was first introduced, most surgeons preferred a laparoscopic-assisted approach with a minilaparotomy rather than a totally laparoscopic procedure because of the technical challenges of achieving an intracorporeal anastomosis. Recently, with improved skills and instruments, several surgeons have reported the safety and feasibility of a totally laparoscopic gastrectomy with intracorporeal anastomosis. This review describes the recent technical advances in intracorporeal anastomoses using circular and linear staplers that allow for totally laparoscopic distal, total, and proximal gastrectomies. Data that demonstrate advantages in early surgical outcomes of a total laparoscopic method compared to laparoscopic-assisted operations are also discussed.
Hosogi, Hisahiro
Laparoscopic liver resection: A review.
Laparoscopic liver surgery was slower to develop than other fields of laparoscopic surgery because of a steep learning curve, and fear of uncontrolled bleeding or gas embolism. However, laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) is associated with significant advantages: faster recovery, less post-operative pain, less morbidity, easier subsequent surgery and better cosmetic results. Since the inception of this technique, more than 3000 procedures have been reported. The aim of this update was to review the literature in order to define the indications (malignant tumors, benign tumors, major resections), the advantages and limits of this approach as well as the expected value of new technology, such as intra-operative guidance or robotics, in the development of this branch of surgery. PMID:24365035
Tranchart, H; Dagher, I