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4 May, 2011@5:07 pm
7 comments
After much blood, sweat, and tears, a huge contest, and a few leaks T-Pain & Nappy Boy Entertainment presents "prEVOLVEr The Mixtape". "prEVOLVEr" is the precursor for T-Pain's forthcoming 4th studio album "rEVOLVEr" and consists of 30 new beats and tracks from Teddy Pain and guests Mistah Fab, Field Mob, Brisco, One Chance, Lil Wayne, Tity Boi, Krizz Kaliko, Birdman, Joey Galaxy, & Tay Dizm. "prEVOLVEr" has all new beats from Tha Bizness, Young Fyre, T-Pain, Khalil, Bishop Jones, Rick N Prez, Cannon, Lil C & So Inkredibles. The contest track "Motivated" also includes verses from both winners PL Official & B Martin. T-Pain's single "Best Love Song" featuring Chris Brown is on sale now.
One track I will do, but listen to a whole T-Pain album… I'll leave that for others
yeah but its still actually pretty good. If you're feeling bad about actually liking it go watch an interview with him. Seems like one of the nicest most humble cats in the game. This is one of the reasons I usually give him a chance. Yes I usually think auto tune is whack. Most of these track don't have it.
off of what VJ says I'll give it a listen… Gotta wait to get home to download and I'll comment after listening.
It ain't classic by any means prob a 3.5 out of 5. But I was expecting a lot worse.
I'll save my time for more important things… like re-lacing my sneakers
Leave a Reply
- Raekwon Sets A Release Date For "F.I.L.A." Album
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Bought this dress last week and it is great to wear either on its own in the summer, or teamed with jeans or leggings in the colder months. Very flattering neckline and can also be cinched in at the waist at the back of the dress. Fabric is luxurious and flattering as it hangs off your body. A great purchase. Thanks Coggles!
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Chapter 13 - Forms of Matter and Energy
Unit E - Properties of Matter and Energy
Chapter 13 - Forms of Matter and Energy
Discover Einstein and his ideas and theories about light, matter, and energy.
Curriculum Materials
Einstein Books for Adults
Considered the world's most intriguing genius, Einstein has inspired hundreds of writings. Here's a short list of some of the most enlightening looks at his life and ideas, including some he penned.


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Queen + Paul Rodgers
~ Group
Queen + Paul Rodgers (sometimes referred to as Q+PR or QPR) were a collaboration between Queen (Brian May and Roger Taylor) and Paul Rodgers formerly of Bad Company, Free, The Firm and The Law. Guitarist May had previously performed with Rodgers on several occasions, including a performance at the Royal Albert Hall.
It was made clear that Rodgers would not be replacing Queen's former lead singer, Freddie Mercury, who died on 24 November 1991. He would simply be "featured with" former Queen members. Former Queen bass guitarist John Deacon declined to participate in the collaboration due to his retirement in 1997. The group's three principal members May, Taylor and Rodgers were supplemented on tour by Queen's former touring keyboard player Spike Edney, rhythm guitarist Jamie Moses, and bass guitarist Danny Miranda who had previously worked with Blue Öyster Cult. Throughout their career the band completed two world tours, issued the first studio album for Queen in nearly 15 years entitled The Cosmos Rocks, and released two live DVDs and a live album.
Rodgers announced in May 2009 that the 'Queen + Paul Rodgers' collaboration had come to an end, saying "it was never meant to be a permanent arrangement". He did, however, leave open the possibility for future collaborations.
Showing official release groups by this artist. Show all release groups instead, or show various artists release groups.


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Take an adventure through time! Explore the wonderful world of the lands of the Bible, learn about the cultures of the Ancient Near East through priceless treasures that span history from the dawn of civilization through the rise of Christianity and the Talmudic period.
See civilization evolve before your eyes through artifacts that illustrate the daily life of our forefathers. Learn about the roots of monotheism, the origins of the alphabet and much more. Changing special exhibitions broaden the museum's scope including exquisite displays of classical art and a rare collection of Pompeian frescoes.
Core exhibition
The BLMJ's core exhibition explores the peoples, cultures and civilizations of the ancient lands of the Bible. Tour through the galleries and witness the drama of civilizations on the rise such as Egypt, Babylon and Phoenicia.
Explore the roots of monotheism, the origins of the alphabet and understand the importance of Israel in its regional context.
Free audioguide in English and Hebrew.
Current special exhibitions
Moshe Zabari Retrospective
Renowned contemporary sculptor and Judaica artist, Moshe Zabari, has been a master craftsman for more than 60 years. The BLMJ retrospective exhibition features selected works from his extensive range of sculptures and ceremonial objects, emphasizing the influence of ancient sources on Zabari's design.
The exhibition will run from September 9, 2015 through December 2015.
The Classical Court
Stunning display of classical art illustrating the strong influence of Greek culture on the Mediterranean world.
Glories of Ancient Greece
A rare collection of Greek pottery spanning nearly two millennia of history, displaying ancient art from Bronze Age Crete to Classical Athens.
Roman Fresco Room
First century Roman wall paintings from the Italian province of Campania.
On view by request only.
Sunday-Friday: English 10:30am | Hebrew 11:00am
Additional tours on Wednesdays: English 5:30pm | Hebrew 6:00pm
Saturday – please check in advance
Additional languages and groups by advanced reservation
Weekend Family Fun
Saturdays | 10:00am-2:00pm | Free admission for children!
Self-guided activity
*Treasure Hunt (ages 6-12)
*Tour booklets for children (ages 4-6)
*Mummy kit – secrets of Ancient Egypt (with fee – 5NIS)
Ideal for Shabbat-observant families (tickets may be purchased in advance)
Celebrate with us!
Hold your event at the Museum and enjoy a unique atmosphere and a once in a lifetime experience including exclusive tours of the Museum and excellent catering.
Bar/Bat Mitzvahs * Birthdays * Conferences * Private Events
Museum Shop
Don't miss the Museum Shop featuring exclusive reproductions, unique and original gifts by leading Israeli designers and much more.
Admission to the museum is free for children under 18 on Wednesday afternoons and Saturdays.
Courtesy of the Friends of BLMJ


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Two men accused of shooting at police officers while high on ecstasy
July 29th, 2016
Gretna Police arrested two men Tuesday night after they reportedly fired shots at police from a vehicle while officers were conducting a traffic stop on another vehicle.
According to Gretna Police, two officers were conducting a traffic stop in a parking lot of an open business in the 80 block of Westbank Expressway about 11 p.m. Tuesday, when they heard a single gunshot come from the elevated portion of the westbound expressway at Stumpf Boulevard.
Officers took cover and saw a vehicle driving westbound on the expressway. They heard more shots coming from the vehicle, prompting people in the parking lot to run inside a business.
Police found the vehicle speeding down the expressway and arrested the driver, 33-year-old Donald Arabie, and his passenger, 40-year-old Shane Tierney.
Police said they found a semi-automatic pistol in the vehicle, along with spent bullet casings and 82 ecstasy tablets.
Officers said Arabie and Tierney had been drinking, and both of the men took ecstasy earlier in the evening.
The suspects admitted to seeing the blue lights of the police units below the expressway and firing shots to scare the officers.
Arabie and Tierney were booked on charges of terrorizing, illegal use of a weapon, possession with intent to distribute ecstasy, possession of drug paraphernalia and use of a firearm with controlled dangerous substance.
Two men accused of shooting at Gretna police officers while high on ecstasy
Massive Attack, Ghostpoet – Come Near Me
July 29th, 2016
Just Saying……………………………………………..
July 29th, 2016
Today in History For July 29th
July 29th, 2016
Happy Birthday Stephen Dorff!!!
July 29th, 2016
Katy Perry – Democratic Convention 2016 – Full
July 29th, 2016
Tori Spelling Is Happy To Be Out On The Town Tonight….
July 29th, 2016
Smiles, as Tori Spelling spills out onto the two as she films her reality show. She was at the famous "Mostly" gay bar named 'The Abbey' where the most alcohol in the nation is served from what I have heard.
Tori was the "Queen Bee" tonight among her friends and she shined from the insides in happiness to be out with her friends. It's important that mommy has the chance to get out on the town and enjoy her life every once in a while too.
Go get em Mommy!!!


text:
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Welcome to Montclaire Estates. Our thoughtfully designed one, two and three bedroom apartments boast newly renovated finishes hand-picked just for you. Enjoy fully equipped kitchens with new appliances; walk-in-closets, full size washer and dryer hook-ups, fireplaces and central air conditioning. Our amenities suit everyone?s needs with our sparkling outdoor swimming pool, a fitness center with cardio equipment, sports court, playground and on-site dog park. Montclaire Estates the new place to be!
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Top Definition
A girl who is real, down to earth and level headed, goal orieinted but knows how to have fun. Depenable and loving. Doesn't fall easy but falls hard. Funny and unpredicatble.
TeAirra is the kind of girl who everyone loves to be around
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Dale joined Thistle in the summer of 2011 as a Modern Apprentice having previously been on the books of Celtic.
Dale is a versatile youngster who can play in a number of positions across the defence and defensive midfield having starred in various roles with the Development Squad.
Dale made his first competitive appearance for the Thistle first team when he replaced an injured Jordan McMillan in the early stages of a draw away to Dundee in just the second game of the 2014/15 season. Dale put in a brave performance as 10 man Thistle managed to salvage a well earned point.
Dale played a further twice before the signing of Jake Carroll saw him go on a short term loan to Ayr United in late 2014.
Upon return from loan, Dale was called upon on a couple of occasions putting in dependable performances when drafted in to the squad, usually on short notice.
Dale was released at the end of the 2014/15 season, despite scooping the McCrea Financial Services Young Player of the Year award for the season.


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Yves Saint Laurent Beauty
Mascara Volume Effet Faux Cils Luxurious Mascara
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Part of the Spring Look 2013 Collection: "Jewels & Stones". Inspired by the beauty of nature - the vibrant and crystalline color in movement - the light and energy of semi-precious minerals. Yves Saint Laurent's Spring Look for 2013 captures the beautiful harmony of gemstones attracting and diffusing light to achieve the signature YSL radiance. This mascara achieves an intense, dramatic lash look in a single stroke, for lashes that stop traffic with the blink of an eye. Its secret is the Triple-Film Complex: a film-coating for intensity, a conditioning film for curve, and a fixing film for long-lasting effectiveness.
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text:
I can't find a site designated to networking technologies, such as routers, switches, bridges, firewalls, etc. I looked all over Stack Exchange sites, and Area 51, am I missing something?
Meta Stack Exchange is where users like you discuss bugs, features, and support issues that affect the software powering all 158 Stack Exchange communities.
What is meta?
What is meta?
Here's how it works:
- Any Stack Exchange user can ask a question
- The community provides support, votes on ideas, and reports bugs
- Your voice helps shape the way Stack Exchange operates
I think your best bet is Server Fault. Some tags: routing switch cisco juniper
To some extent, some question may be suitable to IT Security.


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Until recently, perhaps few persons, even physicians of long experience in large general hospitals, have realized the magnitude of the "cardiac problem," from whatever standpoint it is approached. Heart disease has become, in this country at least, the most important of the causes of death. According to the estimate of Knight,1 some 180,000 persons in continental United States and Canada died last year of heart disease.
Tables and estimates of mortality, however, give but incomplete evidence of the prevalence of heart disease, because many deaths recorded as from pneumonia and other infections, for example, probably would not have occurred except for coexisting disease of the heart. It has been estimated that 200,000 children of school age in the United States have heart disease.
Facts such as these make it apparent that heart disease is perhaps the most pressing public health problem confronting the medical profession today. And because of
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text: 1. A(n) _______________ is a program that translates a high-level language program into machine code. 2. A(n) _______________ is a program that translates and executes the statements of a high-level language in sequence. 3. Java programs are translated into a standard machine language called________________-. 4. _______________ is an object-oriented mechanism that allows duplicate method names and the ability to apply the method that is appropriate for a certain object. 5. _______________ is an object-oriented mechanism in which one class is derived from another. 6. Simula and Smalltalk were the first two languages in the _______________ programming paradigm. 7. A(n) _______________ expression is used as conditions in selection and repetition statements. 8. The requirement that only a value of the proper type can be stored into a variable is called _______________. 9. A(n) _______________ is a description of a set of values and the operations that can be applied to those values. 10. A(n) _______________ is a statement that associates an identifier with a variable. 11. A(n) ______ _________ is a word in a language that has special meaning and thus cannot be used as an identifier. 12. A(n) _______ ________ is an instruction that determines the order in which other instructions in a program are executed. 13. An IF statement is an example of a(n) _______________ statement. 14. A WHILE statement is an example of a(n) _______________ statement. 15. A(n) _______________ is the mechanism by which a value is passed into a subprogram. 16. A(n) _______________ parameter accepts a copy of its argument. 17. A(n) _______________ parameter accepts the address of its argument. 18. _______________ is a language feature that enforces information hiding. 19. A(n) _______________ is a language construct used to define the pattern from which an object is created. 20. Creating an object from a class is called _______________.


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We have our ideas for the plot and new additions to the cast of the BBC2 drama
Campaigners reflect on historic ruling by Coroner
When the Sports Argus published its last ever Saturday evening edition on May 13 2006, former writer Bob Downing shared this nostalgic look back
The last Sports Argus was printed on May 13 2006 - here's what these famous names had to say about the 'Pink'
Why the Brum Peaky Blinders premiere was better than anything London could put on
The Beatle joined ELO, Moody Blues, Robert Plant, Roy Wood, UB40 and more at Heartbeat show
Former council deputy leader Paul Tilsley calls for return of Birmingham's bid funds following claims that FIFA fixed deal to hand the 2018 World Cup to Russia
Daniel Craig is the real deal says Jasper Carrott after watching the IMAX Cineworld premiere of Spectre at the NEC's new Resorts World centre. What do you think?
Danielle Lloyd and new boyfriend Michael O'Neill among celebs at new leisure destination for screening of new 007 movie
Model Danielle Lloyd and stars from Villa, The Apprentice, TOWIE, Ex on the Beach invited to celebrate opening of leisure destination and see Spectre
The comic is coming to Birmingham's Glee Club with his new show
Organisers of the event are planning to get a team of St Andrew's stars and a managerial hero from the past for the event.
Roy Wood, Steve Gibbons and Dave Scott-Morgan among those involved in tribute CD: 21 Today
We laugh at ourselves - and our accent - with the help of Frank Skinner and Jasper Carrott
Host Gary Newbon mistakenly missed Johnny Newman off his original list - but explains why the 1956 FA Cup final must be included among the
It will be released in November with all proceeds going to charity
Award-winning actress received kidney from funnyman's wife and is still going strong
Heavy metal legend explains why the Birmingham band are calling it a day after a farewell tour
The half a dozen comics come from all over the West Midlands
Here are the best pictures from Birmingham City's 140th anniversary celebrations over the weekend
Jasper Carrott and Professor Carl Chinn say Brummie vowels are great - and people should look beyond the sound and concentrate on what's being said
Birmingham accent is seen as less intelligent or attractive than speaking Yorkshire, speaking posh or keeping your mouth SHUT
Could David Harewood, Lenny Henry or Matthew Goode become the next Bond?
Actor is latest honoured on city's Golden Mile
The exhibition is part of Armed Forces Day celebrations and runs from June 22, 2015
Dad's Army actor to be recognised on Birmingham's Walk of Stars
Celebrity chef Glynn Purnell to take part in city talk after becoming the star of 'Mr Birmingham'
Comic says a win for claret and blue rivals would have been great for the city of Birmingham
Birmingham Mail Nostalgia Photos: Our selection of the best nostalgic pictures of the week.
We look back at the crazy capers people in Birmingham have been up to since the charity fundraiser was first launched
Birmingham Mail
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Tell us about it and, if possible, send us a picture
We reach over 2,871,244* unique users a month with dedicated coverage of Birmingham and the West Midlands.
Over 66% of our visitors, who view over 4m* page impressions every month, are in the desirable ABC1 socio-economic groups.
To book an advert with the Birmingham Mail team call 0121 234 5000, email email@example.com or visit the Trinity Mirror Midlands website for more information.
The Birmingham Mail is part of Trinity Mirror Midlands, offering you unique access to our audience across the region online and in print.
*Source: Omniture (UK 6 month average August '14 - January '15)
Editor, Birmingham MailEditor-in-Chief, Trinity Mirror Midlands
Marc Reeves has edited the Birmingham Mail since December 2014.
Marc Reeves is the editor of the Birmingham Mail and the Birmingham Post, and has worked in regional media in the Midlands and across the UK for more than 30 years.


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Congressman Foster, you're not allowed to import classes in bills
- Posted: Mar 13, 2008 at 11:30AM
- 21 views
Due to a special election, a new congressman was put into office. Now, normally, I shrug my shoulders and not care. However, Democratic Representative Bill Foster from Illinois has some skills. Foster is a physicist and can do something most computer programmer can't, he can code Assembly!
Check out the article over at C|net for additional information about Bill Foster.
This does give me hope that one day maybe there will be a Congressman Rutkas.
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use the following search parameters to narrow your results:
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Discuss campus culture, commuter culture, housing, jobs, classes, professors, or anything tangentially related to the U.
This is an archived post. You won't be able to vote or comment.
anyone looking to sublet their place for the summer? (self.uofu)
submitted 3 years ago by Sixtyn9ne
I am moving to SLC for the summer for an internship and am looking to sublet and apartment/house. It will only be me and I am looking for the timeframe of late May- August. Please let me know if you are looking to sublet, or any place that I can find that does this. Thank you guys!!
[–]iforgot_password 0 points1 point2 points 3 years ago (3 children)
What is your price range?
[–]Sixtyn9ne[S] 0 points1 point2 points 3 years ago (2 children)
flexible, I would prefer $500 range
[–]Mitchypoo 0 points1 point2 points 3 years ago (1 child)
My room is 400 a month and I want to move out pretty soon, you'll have the chance to renew in august if you want as well.
[–]Sixtyn9ne[S] 0 points1 point2 points 3 years ago (0 children)
it would only be from May to August
[–]Paradox14 0 points1 point2 points 3 years ago (1 child)
I may have a place, within a short Trax ride, to the university, available from may-mid august. I'll find out for sure this weekend, and let you know
cool thank you, please keep in touch
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An excerpt from www.HouseOfNames.com archives copyright © 2000 - 2016
The Straub surname is derived from the Old High German "strub, " equivalent to the Latin "strobilus," meaning "unkempt." As such, it was probably originally a nickname for someone who appeared scruffy-haired. Nickname surnames came from eke-names, or added names, that described their initial bearer through reference to a physical characteristic or other attribute.
The surname Straub was first found in the southern provinces of mediaeval Germany, where the name Straub was closely identified in this period with the feudal society that would eventually shape the course of European history. The name would later emerge as a noble family with great influence, having many distinguished branches in Southern Bavaria, and become noted for its involvement in social, economic and political affairs.
One can encounter great variation in the spelling of surnames: in early times, spelling in general, and thus the spelling of names was not yet standardized; and later, spellings would change with branching and movement of families. Variations of the name Straub include Straub, Strube, Struwe, Strufe, Strob, Strauber, Strauble, Strubel, Strobel, Strubing, Struwing and many more.
This web page shows only a small excerpt of our Straub research. Another 199 words (14 lines of text) are included under the topic Early Straub History in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Another 31 words (2 lines of text) are included under the topic Early Straub Notables in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
An examination into the immigration and passenger lists has discovered a number of people bearing the name Straub:
Straub Settlers in United States in the 18th Century
Straub Settlers in United States in the 19th Century
Other References
The Straub Family Crest was acquired from the Houseofnames.com archives. The Straub Family Crest was drawn according to heraldic standards based on published blazons. We generally include the oldest published family crest once associated with each surname.
This page was last modified on 10 December 2015 at 10:48.
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text:
Zoo For Kids - iPhone Version
By mohammad owais
Open iTunes to buy and download apps.
Great application to play with your children, and good for learning. Zoo for kids play sound of different zoo animals ever to show up on your iPhone.
Educate your child with beautiful animal Pictures like kangaroo, Zebras, Lions, Elephants and many more...
Download and Enjoy!
iPhone Screenshots
View In iTunes
- Category: Education
- Released: 14 April 2010
- Version: 1.0
- Size: 2.6 MB
- Language: English
- Developer: mohammad owais
- © SkyLinks Inc.
Compatibility: Requires iOS 3.0 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.


text:
NEW ALBANY, Ind. (July 2, 2013)--Diane Williamson is the new voice of OnStar, although if you drive a GM car, you'may soon know her as "Danielle."
Williamson has been recording scripts for GM's navigation and safety system in her home studio.
Williamson, who auditioned for OnStar after working in radio and doing freelance voice-overs, told The Courier-Journal in Louisville, Ky., she enjoys telling people were to get off.
And if OnStar users aren't paying attention to directions, they'll hear Williamson say, "Recalculating route."


text:
Welcome Divers!
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Molded Track11-1/2" x 3" molded plastic track features modern design with no sharp edges. Holds one standard or adjustable tank bracket or two accessories: drink holder, rope cleat, rod holder or accessory mount. The perfect add-on for boats, personal watercraft and jet boats!
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|The Barracks Potential new members need to post here!
|Thread Tools
|12th December 2012, 06:49 PM
|#1 (permalink)
Introduction and Application
I learned of this group by recommendation of a friend who spoke very highly of it, and this will be my first time ever joining a group as cohesive as this.
I've pretty much planned computer games since I was tall enough to see over the keyboard. I remember playing an old incarnation of Spy vs Spy on the Commadore. I've always been a PC gamer, I've always been very attached to what the platform has to offer. I still own all the major consoles but most of my gaming is done on the PC platform. I enjoy tinkering with my PC from time to time to get my games looking the best their can and finding out what others have done to get better results.
I have a fairly board taste in game, both on consoles and on PC, but I prefer RPGs overall, be them single player or MMO. I mainly decided to place an application to join TOG to see if I could met new people that might be interesting and worthwhile playing online games with. Currently I'll playing a range of titles: Dragon Age: Origins (4th time), Mass Effect 2 (1st), Skyrim (1 and a half times), Bioschock 1 and 2 (1st time), Diablo 3 (2nd time) and SWToR, and it's mainly SWToR that I would probably appreicate having more people to play with, as most other of my usual group of friends have either moved onto other games or stopped playing entirely.
Like i mentioned previously, this is a first for me, and with fact of my Fiancee and I expecting a child soon, I am looking forward to having atleast some other people to play games with that have expierenced or are more accepting of the pressures that a child can bring to ones gaming habit.
In closing I would like to thank you in advance for your consideration in granting me the chance to join your community and, hoping, I'll have a chance to get to know some of the people here and share a few nights saving the galaxy with Lightsabers and Blaster at our sides.
|12th December 2012, 07:53 PM
|#2 (permalink)
Welcome to TOG, your application has been reviewed and approved.
You now have full access to all parts of TOG including:
For a complete list of everything your membership includes along with everything you might want to know in order to take advantage of your new membership, be sure to stop by to read the "New TOG Members' Guide"
Currently TOG consists of nearly 30 game divisions and over 56,000 registered members. There's also plenty of other cool stuff on TOG, so browse around & check it all out. We sincerely hope that you enjoy TOG for as long as you choose to. Feel free to spread the message to your friends and family who enjoy gaming and don't forget to have fun yourself!
All the best!
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Junior Member
(new post) What can I do to become a video game writer?
I am a college freshman and I go to Wilmington University in delaware. I want to write the story or dialogue for video games. Dialogue is my
Thing. Can someone please post and give me advice. I don't have a problem starting out writing reviews or something. I love writing and I have written short stories. I went to uat last year and I might transfer back there. I posted before and it wasn't a good post, so I'm posting again. I love writing and it's all I want to do with my life. I don't care if I start writing reviews in the newspaper. So please answer my questions in detail or however you van. Where do I start? How do I become a game writer? I know it's a competitive industry, but writers probably have a beter chance to get in the industry than designers or artists, right? Do I start contacting game companies? And I also know that I won't start out writing dialog for AAA titles and I don't care If I start writing for the smallest video game company. I have a passion for video games and writing as well. Please give me advce. I know I'm asking for a lot, but this will help me in the future. I'm only a freshman, but I can see myself writing for video games as a career. I do know that freelance writers get positions as scriptwriters, but I want a full time position at a company. I don't care if I'm writing for my little pony. This is what I want to do. Should I write more stories? Who should I email at a video game company. Just the regular contact us? Or someone special? I have I already been to sloperama, but the article was written in years ago. I need a more personal reply. I do want an internship, but if I want one at a video game company, please reply with advice and information.
Last edited by CollegeWriter19 : 01-05-2012 at 05:10 PM. Reason: Didn't finish yet
Super Moderator
Location: Los Angeles, CA
Re: (new post) What can I do to become a video game writer?
2. How is this one better than that one exactly? You still wrote a "wall of text."
3. You start by finishing college, preferably with a creative writing degree.
4. First you get a creative writing degree. Then you build an awesome body of work.
5. Wrong.
6. No. You start by getting a degree and building an awesome body of work. And improving your writing ability (there were a lot of typos in your post).
7. Good.
8. I know that the way to get rich is to work hard, work smart. But I want to win the lottery.
9. You should not have to ask this question. You should WANT to write more stories, and you should get angry at anybody who tells you to stop writing stories.
10. It's a little early to apply for a job, since you don't even have your degree yet. Or did you have another purpose for emailing somebody in a game company?
11. I'm so sorry I didn't write the article last month! Darn, now I need a time machine so the article will disappear so I can write it again so it'll be new.
12. You got personal replies to your previous post, and you're getting personal replies to this one. Is there a problem with doing both? (Reading an article that was written a few years ago, AND getting questions answered about what's written in that article?)
Tom Sloper
Sloperama Productions
Making games fun and getting them done. www.sloperama.com
PLEASE do not use this website's PM feature to contact me.
Junior Member
Re: (new post) What can I do to become a video game writer?
2. You better post a story.
3. Start with a blog!
4. You should be a writer in the first place, the game industry it's big enough to have you in it.
5. No
6. Yes, but do you have a portfolio?
7. The beginning it's the hardest!
8. Start as a freelancer, make a name and you will get into a company!
9. Yes
Location: Whiteland, IN (Indianapolis area)
Re: (new post) What can I do to become a video game writer?
The usual advice is that if you want to write, then write.
That is only half the battle. You also need to write correctly.
Do yourself a favor and become best friends with the AP Style Guide.
UAT does not offer a 'game writing' degree and they never will. If you asked, you would get the same response as those hoping for a 'level design' degree. They believe it all falls under the umbrella topic of 'game design'.
That said, UAT does require a few what they call 'writing intensive courses' as part of the degree. These include Character Development, Scriptwriting and Writing for Interactive Games. Trust me, you will write in these courses, a lot.
One of the best things you can do right now is write. Keep writing. Only stop writing long enough to read, or if you want to write for games, play games and analyze the writing. Review these stories and narratives in a weekly blog that you write. Read about how other game writers got into the business. Write stories for potential games. Visit the community sections of sites like YoYo Games (developers of Game Maker) and look for teams that are looking for a writer/designer. (Keep in mind that few teams are likely to be looking for someone who is only going to be the story writer.)
Do not contact game companies yet. You have nothing to offer them. Build yourself a mind-blowing portfolio with writing samples first. Most important, research how other game writers got into the business. Rafael Chandler (freelance writer) has been in the business for years. Amy Hennig did NOT get her start in the industry as a writer, but has been a part of writing some memorable titles (Legacy of Kain, Jak & Daxter, Uncharted).
"Should I write more stories?"
If you wanted to be a chef, would you really ask someone if you should practice cooking first?
"I have I already been to sloperama, but the article was written in years ago."
One-hundred percent irrelevant. The information on Mr. Sloper's site is invaluable.
Shane Hendrickson
Writer and Lead Designer at Bladed Cyber Technologies
Junior Member
Re: (new post) What can I do to become a video game writer?
I have my degree and I write quite a bit. What would be the next step?
Super Moderator
Location: Los Angeles, CA
Re: (new post) What can I do to become a video game writer?
For starters, perhaps you should read these:
Tom Sloper
Sloperama Productions
Making games fun and getting them done. www.sloperama.com
PLEASE do not use this website's PM feature to contact me.
Re: (new post) What can I do to become a video game writer?
2. Being succinct, concise and clear is something you'll definitely need to learn. As writers we tend to be verbose. Most people don't want to read a wall of text in a video game. Make it count.
3. Probably by accepting all of the advice provided in this thread, your previous one, and the linked articles. We don't know you. We can't write you a custom guide on this subject, and honestly I don't know what a custom guide would look like. The process is different for everyone.
The advice to finish your degree and start a blog are both solid. I'd also suggest getting a cheap engine to make your own in-game dialogue. Neverwinter Nights can be purchased very cheaply these days and it comes with the Aurora Toolset. It will take you all of a few hours to learn how to make a quick background, set up a character and give that character dialogue interactions with the player.
4. You write every day. Even when you don't want to write. Because I guarantee when a deadline is looming over your head your boss isn't going to say "Yeah it's cool, man. Whenever" when you tell him you "Just don't feel it today."
You will write a lot of crap. Every now and again you'll write something with potential. Polish that and start building a portfolio. Short fiction, screenwriting, and short game demos are great portfolio pieces for a game writer.
5. Writers have some of the worst chances. Most companies do not hire on staff writers and the concept of having someone dedicated to the craft of game writing is still very new.
6. No. You have nothing to show them, for one. Take a look at this little personal inventory I adapted from a freelance writing blog for other reasons why you're not ready yet.
7. Good.
8. On staff positions for writers are few and far between. Off the top of my head I can name maybe five companies that hire more than one writer to work on site as an employee, not an independent contractor. I'm sure there are more, but you're closing yourself off to a lot more opportunities if you're not willing to freelance.
9. Again I agree with Tom. This shouldn't be a question for you at all. Write stories because you need to write stories. Write stories because you feel empty if you don't. Write stories because you have an honest desire to improve your craft.
I know this is probably a bit harsh (and also my first post to this forum in... quite a long time!) but I hope you appreciate the practical advice we're trying to give you. It's your dream, yes. And that's a wonderful thing. But the only way to accomplish your goals is to start making realistic steps toward your future.
Courtney Keene
Game Writer
Portfolio and Blog
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The upcomming version doesn't longer provide the boxes at article and pages to define the featured image. Furthermore this is not related to just deactivated boxes by screen options, they are not even there contained.
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Discovery and development of TRPV1 antagonists
Relief from chronic pain remains a recognized unmet medical need. Consequently, the search for new analgesic agents is being intensively studied by the pharmaceutical industry. The TRPV1 receptor is an ion channel that has been implicated in mediation of many types of pain and therefore studied most extensively. The first competitive antagonist, capsazepine, was first described in 1990, since then development of novel TRPV1 antagonists has come a long way. This effort has led to the identification of several TRPV1 antagonists that have entered clinical trials as analgesic agents. Should these new chemical entities relieve symptoms of chronic pain then this class of compounds may offer one of the first novel mechanisms for the treatment of pain, in many years.[1][2]
Capsaicin, the active ingredient in chilli pepper was first isolated over a century ago. In 1919 the exact chemical structure of capsaicin was determined and the complete synthesis of the compound was achieved a decade later. Capsaicin has been used as an analgesic for decades, but the therapeutic potential of capsaicin was first recognized as early as 1850.[3] The effects of the pungent chemical, capsaicin, is mediated through the ligand gated ion channel TRPV1. This knowledge set the stage for further research of the function of the TRPV1 receptor and preclinical studies showed evidence of its importance in numerous human diseases.[1][4] These are the first agents acting by this mechanism that made their way into clinic for evaluation of their use as possible analgesics and therefore important targets for drug development. Many discoveries are yet to be made, both in terms of the range of potential therapeutic applications in addition to analgesia for TRPV1 antagonists and it was only in the last decade where there has been a full understanding of the molecular mechanism. In the years to come it will be clearer if TRPV1 antagonists can fulfill their potential.[1][5][6]
Vanilloid receptor 1 (VR1/TRPV1 receptor)[edit]
The vanilloid receptor (TRPV1) is one of six sub-members that belong to the transient receptor potential channel (TRP) superfamily. TRPV1 was the first mammalian member to be discovered and is a non-selective cation channel permeable for calcium. The receptor is made of four identical subunits each with six transmembrane segments, S1-S6, and between fifth and sixth segment is an aqueous pore. This region forms the channel conductive pore and contains the N- and C-termini on the cytosolic side of the cell membrane.[7] Capsaicin and RTX, elicit burning pain by activating a non-selective cation channel expressed on sensory nerve endings. When capsaicin was found to have analgesic effects in preclinical studies much emphasis was put into the research of the receptor/channel that capsaicin binds to and activates.[8][9] Besides being activated by capsaicin, TRPV1 also responds to a wide range of exogenous and endogenous chemical ligands as well as physical stimuli such as heat over 42 °C and changes in more diverse activators such as protons (acid, pH<6). TRPV1 is also subject to regulation by changes in membrane potential and this intrinsic voltage-dependence is thought to underlie the gating mechanism of this non-selective cation channel which leads to the influx of sodium and calcium ions. Importantly, TRPV1 activity is also subject to regulation by a host of intracellular signaling cascades such as G-protein coupled receptor signaling, that are implicated in the responses to algogenic agents, inflammatory mediators and injury.[1]
Mechanism of action[edit]
TRPV1 is primarily expressed on, small myelinated and unmyelinated medium size, sensory neurons in dorsal root and trigeminal ganglia, where sensory neurons cluster. TRPV1 receptors are also found in muscles, joints, the urinary bladder and kidneys. The functional activity of TRPV1 has been demonstrated, within the central nervous system, in the spinal cord and specific sites in the brain including the hypothalamus, cerebellum, locus coeruleus, periaqueductal grey and cortex. Activation of TRPV1 sets off an influx of calcium and sodium ions which in turn initiates a cascade of events that result in membrane depolarization, neuronal firing and transduction of neural impulses. TRPV1 phosphorylates as a response to several algesic agents, resulting in a lower threshold of channel activation. Some substances such as bradykinin, nerve growth factor and protons have been reported to sensitize the TRPV1 receptor. Activation of TRPV1 results in the release of pro-nociceptive peptides, which decreases when treated with TRPV1 antagonists. In general, most channel antagonists bind in the pore region, interacting with residues from all four monomers of the tetrameric channel.[2][10][11]
Ligands of the TRPV1 receptor seem to act from the intracellular side. This is an unusual property of TRPV1, where ligands of most other ligand-gated channels bind from the extracellular space. Capsaicin is highly lipophilic and can pass the plasma membrane easily. It is generally accepted that capsaicin acts on and binds to the TRPV1 receptor from the intracellular side prior to activation. The critical sites for capsaicin binding are Arg 114 and Glu 761 at the N- and C-termini of the receptor, respectively. Because these two amino acids are charged and located in the cytosolic part of TRPV1 receptor, the two regions are likely to be implicated in hydrophilic interaction of TRPV1 with vanilloids such as capsaicin and RTX. In addition to these sites in N- and C-termini of TRPV1, a region in the intracellular linker sited in the transmembrane domain, called 'the TM3 region', has been shown to be critical for hydrophobic interaction with vanilloids. The TM3 region is considered to be necessary for binding to vanilloids. It is surrounded by the hydrophobic environment because of its placement in the plasma membrane. Now it is recognized as an important link in hydrophobic interaction with capsaicin. The binding sites Arg 114 and Glu 761 and the TM3 region in TRPV1, together consist of a binding pocket to vanilloids.[10][2]
Drug design[edit]
Capsaicin (fig. 2), a naturally occurring vanilloid, is the best known TRPV1 agonist. Resiniferatoxin (RTX) is another naturally occurring vanilloid that exhibits TRPV1 agonistic activity. It is more potent than capsaicin and is currently in development as a sensory neuron desensitizing agent.[7] Initially, agonists were the major focus of the TRPV1 ligand development due to the analgesic effect resulting from desensitization of the receptor. However, because of an initial burning effect of all natural vanilloid receptor agonists, including capsaicin, therapy becomes complicated and perhaps ineffective. Attempts to make synthetic agonists with good separation between excitatory effects and the analgesic effects have not been successful. To avoid this persisting side effects of TRPV1 agonists, a focused consideration has been given to competitive antagonists as novel analgesic drugs.[9]
Intense efforts have been carried out to design both competitive and non-competitive TRPV1 antagonists. Antagonists that bind to the agonist binding site, and lock the channel in the closed, nonconductive state are competitive antagonists. In contrast, antagonists that interact with additional binding sites on the receptor structure preventing receptor opening by the agonist or blocking its aqueous pore are non-competitive antagonists. Non-competitive antagonists acting as open channel blockers are therapeutically attractive because of their recognition of over-activated TRPV1 channels, which can reduce the potential of unwanted side effects.[7]
The pharmacophore model for TRPV1 antagonists consists of three essential features: a hydrogen-bond acceptor, a hydrogen-bond donor, and a ring feature. In addition, the TRPV1 antagonists have been superimposed in such a way that they could fit in the volume of the TRPV1 pore. When the homology model is considered, appropriate interaction sites are found in the receptor pore. The hydrogen-bond acceptor on the ligand is proposed to interact with Tyr 667 (helix S6) on the receptor as a hydrogen-bond donor, and the hydrogen-bond donor on the ligand is proposed to interact with Tyr 667 on the opposite monomer of the tetramer on the receptor as a hydrogen-bond acceptor. The ring feature of the pharmacophore is proposed to fit in the hydrophobic space formed by the aromatic rings of the four Tyr 667 residues of the four monomers. Consistent with the critical role played by Tyr 667 in the interaction with key elements of the TPRV1 antagonist pharmacophore, site-directed mutagenesis studies have shown that exchanging this tyrosine for alanine in the rat TRPV1 receptor abolishes functional activity of TRPV1. The lipophilic end in antagonist is varied in character and volume and interacts with the lower end of transmembrane helices S5 and S6. Because the intracellular ends of these helices extend past the membrane, they are likely to be flexible and may be part of the channel opening and closing process. The combined use of a pharmacophore model, assembled from highly optimized TRPV1 antagonists, with a homology model of the protein has enhanced understanding of the observed structure–activity relationships of many series of current TRPV1 antagonists, and should be useful in the discovery of new classes of antagonists.[2]
Structure activity relationship[edit]
Capsaicin (fig. 2) has three functional regions: an aromatic A region where a parent homovanillyl (3-methoxy 4-hydroxybenzyl) group is optimal, a B region known as the ester or amide linker and the aliphatic C region where a lipophilic octanyl moiety is associated with the highest potency. The homovanillyl motif and amide bond regions contain dipolar groups which are implicated in hydrogen bonding interactions.[12]
Phenolic hydroxide and amide moieties appear to be vital for inducing capsaicin responses. Removal of the phenolic hydroxide or amide bond in capsaicin analogues leads to reduction of potency. The phenolic hydroxide and amide moieties in capsaicin share potential multiple hydrogen bond interactions with the TRPV1 receptor. Capsaicinoids and capsinoids are characterized by an oxygenated aromatic moiety bound via an amide(capsaicinoids) or ester (capsinoids) linker to a lipophilic acyl group. The vanillyl and carbonyl linker contain polar groups capable of forming hydrogen bonds essential for activity, whereas the lipophilic moiety interacts with a corresponding cleft of the vanilloid binding site on TRPV1. Replacement of the medium-sized branched fatty acid of capsaicin with longer fatty acids is damaging for activity,[13] but the presence of unsaturations restores and potentiates activity e.g. oleoylvanillamine (olvanil)(fig. 3a), is 10-fold more potent than capsaicin in TRPV1 activation assays.[14]
Capsazepine (fig. 4a), the first competitive vanilloid antagonist,[15][10] reported by Novartis group, was aimed at assessing the effect of conformational constraint on the lipophilic C-region of capsaicin. In capsazepine the amide bond of the capsaicin is replaced by a thiourea moiety and a propylidene linker between the aromatic vanillyl 2-carbon A ring and the B-linker amide nitrogen forces the aromatic ring in an orthogonal orientation with respect to the thiourea bond.[16] This constraint has long been considered as the distinctive characteristic of vanilloid antagonism.[17] Capsazepine competes for the capsaicin-binding site on TRPV1 however, due to low metabolic stability and poor pharmacokinetic properties the compound did not reach into clinical development.[18] It was observed later on that this tether was not critical for activity as powerful antagonists free from this structural feature were developed, with 1,3-di(arylalkyl)thioureas emerging as one of the most promising non-vanilloid class of TRPV1 antagonist showing excellent therapeutical potential in pain regulation. Within these compounds, the replacement of the guaiacyl moiety of capsaicinoids with a 3-fluoro-4-sulfonylamido group found critical to revert activity. This, lead to the design of C-region moiety mimicked on RTX, led to compound seen in figure 4b,that showed excellent analgesic activity in mice.[19][20] An alternative optimization of the lipophilic C region led to JYL1421 (fig. 4c), another promising clinical candidate.[21]
Di(arylalkyl)- and Aryl(arylakyl)ureas
Several capsaicin analogs of the urea type were developed by acylation of homovanillylamine and related amines with different 4-(α-pyridyl)piperidine-1-acyl chlorides. The presence of a polar amino moiety in the hydrophobic C region of capsacinoids was crucial to couple potency and hydrophilicity, mimicking similar observations that led to the discovery of phenylacetylrinvanil (fig. 3b) from olvanil(fig. 3a). Phenylacetylrinvanil is the most potent capsaicinoid reported to date, ~500-fold more potent than capsaicin.[22] Several other ureas emerged as remarkably active TRPV1 antagonists. Compared with capsazepine, the piperazinyl urea (fig. 5a and 5b) showed a higher selectivity profile against a wide variety of enzymes and channels[23] whereas the related very potent and specific TRPV1 antagonist A-425619 (fig. 5c) could reduce pain associated with inflammation and tissue injury in rats.[24] Further research has led to a variety of small-molecule antagonists of TRPV1, including the ureas SB-705498 (fig. 5d), SB-452533 (fig. 5e)[16,17] and ABT-102(fig. 5f), compounds that have entered clinical trials.[25]
N-Arylcinnamides have emerged as potent and important class of TRPV1 antagonists, Compound SB-366791, (fig. 6a) shows competitive and specific activity in both human and rat TRPV1 receptors overall profile of receptor selectivity much better than that of capsazepine.[26][27] Within this series of compounds, AMG9810 (fig. 6b) exhibited high antagonist potency showing good oral bio-availability in rats and a promising pharmacokinetic profile, boding well for clinical efficacy.[28] Another potent blocker from this group is AMG0347(fig. 6c)that was shown in a postoperative pain trial to be able to decrease capsaicin-induced heat and mechanical hyperalgesia and to block central TRPV1 receptors.[29]
Several TRPV1 antagonists of the carboxamide type have been discovered. They are structurally quite heterogenous, as exemplified by comparison of the nicotinamide derivative SB-782443 (fig. 7a), the thiazolylcarboxamide (fig. 7b), and the tetrahydropyridylcarboxamide (fig. 7c).[30] SB-782443 (fig. 7a) showed excellent potency at human, guinea pig, and rat TRPV1, a favorable in vitro drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics profile, and remarkable in vivo activity in an inflammatory pain model.[31][32] Based on their in vitro profile, several compounds of this class qualified for preclinical development.[30]
Other derivatives
Nonclassic antagonists lack the urea, thiourea, or amide groups typical of the classic TRPV1 ligands. Two major structural types of nonclassic antagonists have been discovered. First there are the imidazole derivatives. Starting from a 4,6-disubstituted benzimidazole lead structure, a series of 4,5-biarylimidazoles capable to block both capsaicin and acid-induced calcium influx in TRPV1-expressing Chinese hamster ovary cells. Imidazole (fig. 8a) was identified as a highly potent and orally bioavailable TRPV1.[33] Another class are the diaryl ethers and amines. Compounds from a quinazoline series can be considered as conformationally restricted analogs of a biarylamide series. In terms of activity 5-isoquinoline was found the most active among and ranked in the order of 5-isoquinoline > 8-quinoline > 8-quinazoline > 8-isoquinoline ≥ cinnoline > phthalazine > quinoxaline > 5-quinoline[34] e.g. AMG517 (fig. 8b),although it lacks any recognizable carbonyl motif it still potently blocks capsaicin, proton, and heat activation of TRPV1 in vitro and shows a good tolerability profile.[35] Also, the clinical candidates from Janssen, Abott and Merck pharmaceuticals (fig. 8c) having a 5-aminoisoquinoline group as a common feature suggesting that there is a key interaction of this group at the receptor site for TRPV1 antagonist activity.[34]
Current status[edit]
Clinical trials[edit]
As of late 2009 no vanilloid receptor ligands are on the market but available public information suggests that quite a few are in clinical trials. Several biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies are developing TRPV1 ligands and the emphasis seems to be on both agonists and antagonists. Although the agonists appear to be further along in clinical development.[1]
Agonists NeurogesX has successfully completed three Phase III clinical studies of Qutenza (NGX-4010) that met studies primary endpoints. Qutenza is a synthetic trans-capsaicin and drug delivery is by a rapid-delivery patch application system[36] NeurogesX plans to launch Qutenza in the United States in the first half of November 2010.[37] Anesiva, another biotechnology company, has completed two Phase III trials of Adlea (ALGRX 4975), an injectable capsaicin. Adlea is promising as a pain reliever[38] and both trials showed that Adlea's safety profile of adverse events, wound healing, and wound sensory function were similar to placebo over the study duration.[39]
Antagonists At least seven orally active TRPV1 antagonist substances have progressed into clinical development and several more are in preclinical development. The ligand GRC 6211, by Eli Lilly and Company-Glenmark is the most advanced and is currently in phase IIb clinical trials. GlaxoSmithKline, Merck-Neurogen, Amgen and AstraZeneca are all developing TRPV1 antagonist and all are developing substances that have completed phase I trials successfully.[1]
See also[edit]
- Vanilloid receptor TRPV
- Vanilloid receptor subtype 1 TRPV1
- Transient receptor potential channel
- Capsaicin
- Resiniferatoxin
- Capsazepine
- ^ a b c d e f Gunthorpe, M.; Chizh, B. (2009), "Clinical development of TRPV1 antagonists: targeting a pivotal point in the pain pathway", Drug Discovery Today 14 (1–2): 56–67, doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2008.11.005, PMID 19063991
- ^ a b c d Kym, P.R.; Kort, M.E.; Hutchins, C.W. (2009), "Analgesic potential of TRPV1 antagonists", Biochemical Pharmacology 78 (3): 211–216, doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2009.02.014, PMID 19481638
- ^ Szallasi, A.; Blumberg, P.M. (1999), "Vanilloid (Capsaicin) Receptors and Mechanisms", Pharmacological reviews 51: 1–53
- ^ Immke, D.C.; Gavva, N.R. (2006), "The TRPV1 receptor and nociception", Seminars in Cell & Developmental biology 17: 581–591
- ^ Rami, H.K.; Gunthorpe, M.J. (2004), "The therapeutic potential of TRPV1 (VR1) antagonists: clinical answers await", Drug Discovery Today: Therapeutic Strategies 1: 97–104, doi:10.1016/j.ddstr.2004.08.020
- ^ Wong, G. Y.; Gavva, N. R. (2009). "Therapeutic potential of vanilloid receptor TRPV1 agonists and antagonists as analgesics: Recent advances and setbacks". Brain Research Reviews 60 (1): 267–277. doi:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2008.12.006. PMID 19150372.
- ^ a b c Messeguer, A.; Planells-Cases, R.; Ferrer-Montiel, A. (2006), "Physiology and Pharmacology of the Vanilloid Receptor", Current Neuropharmacology. 4 (1): 1–15, doi:10.2174/157015906775202995, PMC 2430674, PMID 18615132
- ^ Wong, G.Y.; Gavva, N.R. (2009), "Therapeautic potential of vanilloid receptor TRPV1 angonists and antagonists as analgesics: Recent advances and setbacks", Brain Research Reviews 60 (1): 267–277, doi:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2008.12.006, PMID 19150372
- ^ a b Gomtsyan, A.; Bayburt, E.K.; Schmitd, R.G.; Zheng, G.Z.; Perner, R.J.; Didomenico, S.; Koenig, J.R.; Turner, S; et al. (2005), "Novel Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 Receptor Antagonists for the Treatment of Pain: Structure-Activity Relationship for Ureas with Quinoline, Isoquinoline, Quinazoline, Phthalazine, Quinoxaline and Cinnoline Moieties", Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 48 (3): 744–752, doi:10.1021/jm0492958, PMID 15689158
- ^ a b c Suh, Y.G.; Oh, U. (2005), "Activation and Activators of TRPV1 and Their Pharmaceutical Implication", Current Pharmaceutical Design 11 (21): 2687–2698, doi:10.2174/1381612054546789, PMID 16101449
- ^ Gunnthorpe, M.J.; Szallasi, A. (2008), "Peripheral TRPV1 Receptor As Targets for Drug Development: New Molecules and Mechanisms", Current Pharmaceutical Design 14 (1): 32–41, doi:10.2174/138161208783330754, PMID 18220816
- ^ Pearce, L.V.; Petukhov, P.A.; Szabo, T.; Kedei, N.; Bizik, F.; Kozikowski, A.P.; Blumberg, P.M. (2004), "Eviodiamine functions as an agonist for the vanilloid receptor TRPV1", Org.Biomol.Chem. 2 (16): 2281–2286, doi:10.1039/b404506h, PMID 15305207
- ^ Morita, A.; Iwasaki, M.A.; Kobata, K.; Higashi, T.; Oda, K.; Suzuki, A.; Suzuki, A; Narukawa, M; et al. (2006), "Lipophilicity of capsaicinoids and capsinoids influences the multiple activation process of rat TRPV1", Life Sci. 79 (24): 2303–2310, doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2006.07.024, PMID 16950406
- ^ Vriens, J.; Appendino, B.; Nilius, B (2009), "Pharmacology of Vanilloid Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channels", Molecular Pharmacology 75 (6): 1262–1279, doi:10.1124/mol.109.055624, PMID 19297520
- ^ Suh, Y.G.; Lee, Y.S.; Min, K.H.; Park, O.H.; Kim, J.K.; Seung, H.S.; Seo, SY; Lee, BY; et al. (2005), "Novel potent antagonists of transient receptor potential channel, vanilloid subfamily member 1: structure-activity relationship of 1,3-diarylalkyl thioureas possessing new vanilloid equivalents", Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 48 (18): 5823–5836, doi:10.1021/jm0502790, PMID 16134949
- ^ Szallasi, A.; Appendino, G. (2004), "Vanilloid Receptor TRPV1 Antagonists as the Next Generation Painkillers. Are We Putting the Cart before the Horse?", Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 47 (11): 2717–2723, doi:10.1021/jm030560j, PMID 15139748
- ^ Tominaga, M.; Malmberg, A.B.; Rosen, T.A.; Gilbert, H.; Skinner, K.; Rau-mann, B.E.; Raumann, BE; Basbaum, AI; Julius, D (1998), "The cloned capsaicin receptor inte-grates multiple pain-producing stimuli", Neuron 21 (3): 531–543, doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80564-4, PMID 9768840
- ^ Walker, K.M.; Medhurst, S.J.; Patel, S.; Panesar, M.; Fox, A.J.; McIntyre, P. (2003), "The VR1 antagonist capsazepine reverses mechanical hyperalgesia in models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain", Pharmacol.Exp.Ther 304: 56–62, doi:10.1124/jpet.102.042010
- ^ Lee, J.; Kang, M.; Shin, S.U.; Kim, M; Kang, JM; Lim, J.O.; Choi, HK; et al. (2003), "N-(3-acyloxy-2-benzylpropyl)-N´-[4-methylsulfonylamino)ben-zyl]thiourea analogues: novel potent and high affinity antagonists and partialantagonists of the vanilloid receptor", Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 46 (14): 3116–3126, doi:10.1021/jm030089u, PMID 12825950
- ^ Lee, J.; Kang, S.U.; Kil, M.J.; Shin, M.; Lim, J.O.; Choi, H.K.; Kim, SY; et al. (2005), "Analysis of structure-activity relationships for the 'A-region' of N-(4-t-butylbenzyl)-N´-[4-(methylsulfonylamino)benzyl]thiourea analogues as TRPV1 antagonists", Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 15 (18): 4136–4142, doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.06.009, PMID 16005215
- ^ Wang, Y.; Szabo, T.; Welter, R.; Toth, A; Tran, R; Lee, J.; Suh, YG; et al. (2002), "High affinity antagonists of the vanilloid receptor", Mol. Pharmacol. 62 (4): 947–956, doi:10.1124/mol.62.4.947, PMID 12237342
- ^ Appendino, G.; DePetrocellis, A.S; Trevisani, M.; Minassi, A.; Daddario, N.; Moriello, AS; Gazzieri, D; Ligresti, A; et al. (2005), "Development of the first ultra-potent "capsaicinoid" agonist at transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) channels and its therapeutic potential", J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther 312 (2): 561–570, doi:10.1124/jpet.104.074864, PMID 15356216
- ^ Pomonis, J.D.; Harrison, J.E.; Bristol, D.R.; Valenzano, K.J.; Walker, K.; Walker, K (2003), "N-(4-tertiarybutylphenyl)-4-(3-cholorphyridin-2-yl)tetrahydropyrazine-1(2H)- carbox-amide (BCTC), a novel, orally effective vanilloid receptor 1 antagonist with analgesic properties: II. in vivo characterization in rat models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain", J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther 306 (1): 387–393, doi:10.1124/jpet.102.046268, PMID 12721336
- ^ McDonald, H.A.; Neelands, T.R .; Kort, M.; Han, P.; Vos, M.H.; Faltynek, C.R; Moreland, RB; Puttfarcken, PS (2008), "Characterization of A-425619 at native TRPV1 receptors: a comarison between dorsal root ganglia and trigeminal ganglia", Eur. J. Pharmacol. 596 (1–3): 62–69, doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.07.063, PMID 18755179
- ^ Surowy, C.S.; Neelands, T.R .; Bianchi, B.R.; McGaraughty, S.; El Kouhen, R.; Han, P.; Chu, KL; McDonald, HA; et al. (2008), "ABT-102 ((R)-(5-tert-butyl- 2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl)-3-(1H-indazol-4-yl)-urea) blocks polymodal activation of TRPV1 receptors in vitro and heat-evoked firing of spinal dorsal horn neurons in vivo", J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 326 (3): 879–888, doi:10.1124/jpet.108.138511, PMID 18515644
- ^ Gunthorpe, M.J.; Rami, H.K.; Jerman, J.C.; Smart, D.; Gill, C.H.; Soffin, E.M.; Luis Hannan, S; Lappin, SC; et al. (2004), "Identification and characterisation of SB-366791, a potent and selective vanilliod receptor (VR1/TRPV1) antagonist", Neuropharmacology. 46 (1): 133–149, doi:10.1016/S0028-3908(03)00305-8, PMID 14654105
- ^ Patwardhan, A.M.; Jeske, N.A.; Price, T.J.; Gamper, N.; Akopian, A.N.; Hargreaves, K.M. (2006), "The cannabinoid WIN 55,212–2 inhibits transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and evokes peripheral antihyperalgesia via calcineurin", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103 (30): 11393–11398, Bibcode:2006PNAS..10311393P, doi:10.1073/pnas.0603861103, PMC 1544096, PMID 16849427
- ^ Doherty, E.M; Fotsch, C.; Bo, Y.; Chakrabarti, P.P.; Chen, N.; Gavva, N.; Han, N; Kelly, MG; et al. (2005), "Discovery of potent, orally available vanilloid receptor-1 antagonists. Structure activity relationship of N-aryl cinnamides", Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 48 (1): 71–90, doi:10.1021/jm049485i, PMID 15634002
- ^ Wu, C.; Gavva, N.R; Brennan, T.J (2008), "Effect of AMG0347, a transient receptor potentioal type V1 receptor antagonist, and morphine on pain behaviour after platarincision", Anesthesiology 108 (6): 1100–1108, doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e31817302b3, PMID 18497612
- ^ a b Westaway, S.M.; Brown, S.L; Conway, E.; Heightman, T.D.; Johnson, C.N.; Lapsley, K.; MacDonald, GJ; MacPherson, DT; et al. (2008), "The discovery of biaryl carboxamides as novel small molecule agonists of the motilin receptor", Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 18 (24): 6429–6436, doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.10.072, PMID 19006669
- ^ Westaway, S.M.; Chung, Y.K.; Stevens, A.J.; Thompson, M.; Jerman, JC; Medhurst, SJ; Rami, HK; Stemp, G; et al. (2006), "N-Tetrahydroquinolinyl, N-quinolinyl andN-isoquinolinyl biaryl carboxamides as antagonists of TRPV1", Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 16 (17): 4533–4536, doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.06.026, PMID 16806913
- ^ Brown, B.S.; Keddy, R.; Zheng, G.Z.; Schmidt, R.G.; McDonald, H.A.; Bianchi, B.R.; Bianchi, Bruce R.; Honore, Prisca; et al. (2008), "Tetrahydropyridine-4-carboxamides as novel, potent transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) antagonists", Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 16 (18): 8516–8525, doi:10.1016/j.bmc.2008.08.005
- ^ Gore, V.K.; Ma, V.V.; Tamir, J.J.; Gavva, Narender R.; Treanor, James J.S.; Norman, M.H. (2007), "Structure-activity relationship (SAR) investigations of substituted imidazole analogs as TRPV1 antagonists", Bioorg. Med. Chem. 17 (21): 5825–5830, doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.08.044
- ^ a b Blum, C.A.; Zheng, X.; Brielmann, H.; Hodgetts, K.J.; Bakthavatchalam, R.; Chandrasekhar, J.; Cortright, D; et al. (2008), "Aminoquinazolines as TRPV1 antagonists: modulation of drug-like properties through the exploration of 2-position substitution", Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 18 (16): 4573–4577, doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.07.036, PMID 18662872
- ^ Gavva, N.R.; Bannon, A.W.; Hovland, D.N.; Lehto, S.G.; Klionsky, L.; Surapaneni, S.; Henley, C; et al. (2007), "Repeated administration of vanilloid receptor TRPV1 antagonists attenuates hyperthermia elicited by TRPV1 blockade", J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.. 323 (1): 128–137, doi:10.1124/jpet.107.125674, PMID 17652633
- ^ http://www.neurogesex.com
- ^ http://www.bio-medicine.org
- ^ Aids, T. (2009), "Capsaicin: Risks and Benefits", US Pharm 7: 20
- ^ http://www.anesiva.com


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Date: 1933 ca.
Description: Two women studying at a table at Milwaukee-Downer College. There is a tapestry on one wall and a vase of flowers and several books on the table.
Description: Two women casually reading in a dorm room at Milwaukee-Downer College. A map of Milwaukee hangs on one wall.
Date: 1900 ca.
Description: Street view; City Hall is in background. Taken on the edge of a street with horse-drawn carriages, and buildings lining the street, and a man wearing a ha...
Description: Letterhead of the Columbia Carriage Company of Milwaukee, specialist in buggies and importer of bicycles, with views of buggies and a bicycle, a brick back...
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Date: 1935 ca.
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Date: 1880 ca.
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Date: 1882
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Description: View of some of the stalls in the Horse Barn at the Wisconsin State Fairgrounds. The horses that can be seen are all pure bred Belgians from Minnesota.
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Alzheimer's Disease Patient Caregiver Guide Center - Sioux City, IA
- WebMD Physician Directory of Sioux City Geriatrician Doctors
- Related Alzheimer's Disease Patient Caregiver Guide Articles
- Sioux City Emergency Contacts
- Nearby Sioux City Hospitals
- Find a Local Pharmacy on RxList - Sioux City
Sioux City Geriatrician Doctors for Alzheimer's Disease Patient Caregiver Guide
Type of Physician: Geriatrician
What is a Geriatrician? A subspecialty certification by the Board of Internal Medicine or Family Practice; practitioners have special knowledge of the aging process and special skills in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of illness in the elderly. These specialists care for geriatric patients in the patient's home, the medical office, in nursing homes, and in the hospital. Geriatricians are trained to recognize the unusual presentations of illness and drug interactions, to utilize resources such as community social services, and to assist with special ethical issues in the care of the elderly.
Specialty: Geriatric Medicine
Common Name:
Geriatrician Doctors in Sioux City * results
- 2
Larry W. Sellers
Mercy Medical Center Sioux City
801 5th St Ste 5436
Sioux City, IA 51101
(712) 279-2172
- 41 years experience
- 1 office location(s)
Don't see your city? Use the WebMD Physician Directory to expand your search.
Alzheimer's Disease Patient Caregiver Guide
Tips for Caregivers of a Person with Alzheimer's Disease
Caring for a person with Alzheimer's disease at home is a difficult task and can become overwhelming at times. Each day brings new challenges as the caregiv...!--*ICCChunk-2731*-->
Read the Alzheimer's Disease Patient Caregiver Guide article »
Other Related Alzheimer's Disease Patient Caregiver Guide Articles
Emergency Contact for Sioux City
- In case of Emergency, call 911
Nearby Sioux City Hospitals results
- 1Mercy Medical Center Sioux City
801 5th St
Sioux City, Iowa 51101
(712) 279-201
- 2St Luke's Regional Medical Ctr
2720 Stone Park Blvd
Sioux City, Iowa 51104
(712) 279-350
- 3Siouxland Surgery Center
600 N Sioux Point Rd
Sioux City, Iowa 57049
(605) 232-333
- 4PHS Indian Hospital
75 Highway 77
Sioux City, Iowa 68071
(402) 878-223
- 5Floyd Valley Hospital
714 Lincoln St NE
Sioux City, Iowa 51031
(712) 546-787
- 6Sanford Vermillion Med Ctr
20 S Plum St
Sioux City, Iowa 57069
(605) 624-261
- 7Pender Community Hospital
100 Hospital Dr
Sioux City, Iowa 68047
(402) 385-308
- 8Hawarden Regional Healthcare
1111 11th St
Sioux City, Iowa 51023
(712) 551-310
- 9Providence Medical Center
1200 Providence Rd
Sioux City, Iowa 68787
(402) 375-380
* Provider Directory Terms of Use:
The WebMD 'Provider Directory' is provided by WebMD for use by the general public as a quick reference of information about Providers. The Provider Directory is not intended as a tool for verifying the credentials, qualifications, or abilities of any Provider contained therein. Inclusion in the Provider Directory does not imply recommendation or endorsement nor does omission in the Provider Directory imply WebMD disapproval.
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By using the WebMD Provider Directory, you agree to these Terms and Conditions.


text:
Local Fire Departments Team Up With Project LifesaverProject Lifesaver is a nationwide program designed to prevent people who suffer from Autism and Alzheimer's going missing.
Volunteers Needed Saturday to Cleanup Simpson Lake Park in Valley ParkThis past Saturday Volunteers Cleaned Meramec State Park.
FEMA Encouraging Flood Victims to Register for Disaster AssitanceFederal and state grants and loans available.
Valley Park Wastewater Treatment Facility Pumping Water AgainPartial water treatment is expected to start by week's end, but full treatment will not be done until the end of next week.
19 Levees in Illinois, Missouri Monitored For FloodingAt least 18 deaths over several days in Missouri and Illinois were blamed on flooding.
Valley Park Murder-Suicide Victims IdentifiedSeveral knives were recovered from the family's Valley Park home.
U.S. Considers Banning Type of Popular Rifle AmmunitionThe Obama administration is considering banning a type of ammunition used in one of the most popular types of rifles because it says the bullets can pierce a police officer's protective vest when fired from a handgun.
Former Valley Park Mayor in Court for Identity TheftFormer Valley Park Mayor Nathan Grellner is due in court this morning to plead guilty to stealing his estranged wife's identity to obtain a credit card.
Former Mayor Expected to Plead Guilty for ID TheftFormer Valley Park Mayor Nathan Grellner is expected to plead guilty to five felonies involving identity theft.
Former Valley Park Mayor Sentenced for Police ConfrontationWhen Grellner got cornered in a dead end, officers say he fought and spit on them. They used handcuffs and pepper spray to subdue him.
Man Rescued from Valley Park Gravel SiloThe man was working on a piece of equipment when he fell more than 30 ft. into the silo
Former Mayor of Valley Park Faces More ChargesNathan Grellner is still awaiting trial on four previous charges of illegally using the Valley Park credit card while mayor and six charges stemming from last year's arrest.


text:
Milwaukee Art Museum receives largest bequest in its history
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I'd like to know how much estate taxes are being paid. So is this donation going to be subject to the estate tax? Warren Buffet complained he and his billionaire/millionaire friends dont pay enough taxes. The people who attend the cocktail party to celebrate this donation want the rich to pay more.
Oh GREAT. More art.
Didn't you hippies get enough of that during the Rennescance???
I am simply pointing out that because these people were generous and donated, the federal government was not able to tax these funds and use that money for food programs, unemployment, health care for the needy, etc. Is that true or not?
We have become too politicized these days.
We have become too politicized these days.
A business man dies and generously gives to our community and what do the liberals ask? Poor Mr. Levine leaves us and the liberals are already picking his pocket and ripping is jaws open on search for gold fillings. Liberals this man gave more to this community and paid more in income taxes then most of you in your life times. His only crime was being in business and wanting to earn a buck.
I am sure Mr and Mrs LeVine worked their tails off in their business and from what it sounds like, their nation. Seems like they should be able to leave their money how they wish and have paid their dues far more than their taxes would. Let some of these people on the public dole attempt to work even half as hard. Thank you Mr and Mrs Levine for leaving a wonderful legacy for the arts.
vino2015 - Aug 18, 2011 11:23 AM
» Report abuse
1 0
A business man dies and generously gives to our community and what do the liberals ask? Poor Mr. Levine leaves us and the liberals are already picking his pocket and ripping is jaws open on search for gold fillings. Liberals this man gave more to this community and paid more in income taxes then most of you in your life times. His only crime was being in business and wanting to earn a buck."
Sheesh. Dont you get it? Do you think the majority of the people at the art museum voted for Walker??? They want higher taxes and more tax revenue. So I will ask again, did the federal government get less money for food programs, unemployment and federal housing assistance because this donation was not subject to estate taxes? What about Warren Buffets multi billions that have never been subject to taxes and never will???????
The Levines generously donated to the community. Your only comment should be "thank you".
Please take your petty little political rants elsewhere.
Harley Ultra - I don't think you get it - this is the land of the free - and the home of the brave. Which these people obviously were. People can do as they wish as long as it is legal. That being said - people really should work to their full potential so they can pay THEIR OWN WAY. Of course there are always exceptions. The sick, disabled and the elderly. That's where tax dollars should go - not for the majority of people that take advantage of our great welfare state and that includes all the public employees that are now crying in their soup that they have to pay for their own pensions. The wealthy like the LeVine's have done their part and then some. I would be interested to see the list of charities that benefited from them over the many years. I am sure it is extensive. People need to learn to help themselves. Again, I thank these generous people for leaving an overwhelming donation so that everyone can enjoy the wonderful arts our city has to offer. By the way, the art museum is open to the public for FREE the first Thursday of every month.
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text:
For avid players of poker to those new to the game, World Poker Tour® - Best Of Season 3 has something for everyone a further testament to the phenomenon that has captured a nation and galvanized a globe full of poker enthusiasts.
$100 million is up for grabs and anyone can win.
Special Features Whats Not Seen on TV! *Deleted Hands: Exclusive, never-before-seen hands! *Commentaries: The worlds greatest players teach you the lessons that cost them millions to learn! *Shana Bloopers: Hilarious moments with the beautiful Shana Hiatt,host of World Poker Tour Season 3. *Poker Corners: 16 poker tips from the episodes.


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Wheel and Tire Suggestions
Just had my TF Leveling Kit installed today, appreciated everyones input on the purchase. Pete at Healey in Beacon is great to work with.
The stock Rubicon Wheels and Tires look a little small for my 2 Door JK.
*See below.
Wanted some suggestions for wheels and tires from you.
Thinking 33"s with 16" wheels possibly 17" wheels.
Wouldn't mind getting aggressive looking AT's but definitely thinking more MTZ.
Want a wider tire for stance as well, so thinking I'm going to get some 1.5 spidertraxx wheel spacers.
Pictures of your wheels and tires would be appreciated.
Also, forget the spacers. Just another part that can go down for a dirt nap, if not properly maintained. Also an unnecessary expense.
Since you're planning on new wheels and tires, just buy wheels with a smaller backspacing #. If you get wheels with 4.5" bs, you'll clear your lift and your tires will stick out about 1.75" farther than they currently do (given your current tires on stock rims). Go down to 4", and you'll get 2.25". Add fatter tires to that setup and you'll get even more.
Make sense?
The only time you'd need spacers is if you wanted to run bigger tires on your stock rims, and needed to push the wheels out to avoid rub.
One thing to look out for: Most, but not all, 15" alloy wheels will clear your brake calipers. Most of the 15" steelies will not. If in doubt, check with DTD...I think they've got a list.
For a while a popular pair on here was called The Combo: MB72s and GoodYear DuraTracs. I can't say enough good things about the DTs, but ultimately your choice depends on what you want to accomplish with your Jeep.
Be aware that the vast majority of 15" wheels have backspacing of 3.75" or less. This is gonna make your tires stick out a good bit. Some states frown on tires that stick out past the fenders. Just an FYI.
Also, tires that stick out a lot will sling roadcrap all over the side of your rig on days when the pavement's wet. Some peeps don't like that...
Good luck. :thumb:
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Five Android 4.4 KitKat smartphones you can buy under Rs. 8,000
Xolo Q1000 Opus Android 4.4.2 KitKat Update Now Available for Download
Xolo Q1000 Opus review
Xolo Opus Q1000 quad-core 5-inch phablet with Android 4.2 launched at Rs. 9,999
Error or missing information? Please let us know
2.4 out of 5 stars
Write a user review
Dev Kalra
It was a reasonable buy at around 8000 with average display and poor camera. But after updating Kit Kat phone is a piece of junk. Unbelievable how careless such companies are.
out of
user(s) found this review helpful
Jimmy Pappachan
Yes, Xolo Opus is a great deal for a budget quad core smartphone user...
The 1.2 quad core (broadcomm) packed with 1gb ram is much enough for multitasking for a basic user.
The Videocore IV GPU is better to render good graphics and helpful in playing much high end games.
The battery backup seems to be pretty ok.
The handset gives a premium look and have very resemblence with the samsung galaxy grand.
At first, there were some camera bugs and xolo fixed it with 2 or 3 OTA updates.
The Camera takes decent Pics..
The Handset support Hd Recording and 1080p video playback
Being a indian branded smartphone, it tasted the kitkat update by the end of April.
There are many indian brands like MICROMAX,LAVA.KARBONN.etc. But XOLO has long lasting support and OTA updates comparing to others.
I will surely suggest it to Budget smartphone buyers for good performance.
It is available below 8000 rupees at online stores
Go for It...
out of
user(s) found this review helpful
West ads
no hang in phone
many application install and get good performance
updated kitkat version good
logesh kumar
xolo before put the kitkat update atleast they should check in beta verision without proper test then why they released i dnt knw.lots of people having lot of bugs and suppose u given to service center the problen in the software issue but they told this is board issue so be ew know to aware what the issue .pls be careful...
2014-06-11 15:14
logesh kumar [Edit post]
don't buy xolo product world No.1 worst cheating and worst care and service center,i bought this mobile April and i got a update 4.4kitkat after update kitkat i got 7 bugs still not repaired.i given to service center they told we need to repair for 25days after 25 days i called to them they told your mobile in still estimation approval pending.again i asked past two weeks same reply,then they asked to repair clear the estimation approval i need to pay 4000,i have a warrenty period why should i pay,they told your mobile having mother board issue so no 1 cheating service.
Sunil Rohilla
worst service ever.. my phone is with Lajpat nagar 2 service center .. i gave my phone to them 1 month before still they are not giving my phone back..the the phone they are giving me is not mine... finally moving to consumer court..advice all to not to buy xolo phones they are cheap and worst even they dont have proper post sales services & dont even care about their customers ... I have my bill and reciept...Sunil Rohilla
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Hi I have a multilingual site using the Polylang plugin. I also want to use facebook's commenting system and like/send buttons. When I show content in a language I want facebook sdk to be localized using current locale.
The problem is that the facebook plugin assumes that the whole site is in a single locale and thus stores it as an option.
But this is not the case when using Polylang.
I looked at the Facebook_Loader and saw the set_locale() function.
I found that a can hook using a filter for 'transient_facebook_locale' and return the current locale decided by Polylang.
I also wanted to do the same sanitizing (just in case) as the get_locale() function does for the locale returned by get_locale().
So my question is can this code
$locale = str_replace( '-', '_', get_locale() );
// convert locales like "es" to "es_ES"
if ( strlen( $locale ) === 2 ) {
$locale = strtolower( $locale );
foreach( self::$locales as $facebook_locale => $exists ) {
if ( substr_compare( $facebook_locale, $locale, 0, 2 ) === 0 ) {
$locale = $facebook_locale;
// check to see if the locale is a valid FB one, if not, use en_US as a fallback
if ( ! isset( self::$locales[$locale] ) ) {
$locale = 'en_US';
be extracted in a helper static method so I can reuse it without copy/paste?


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Inspiration in a Minute: Who Are You?
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To truly know yourself, you have to question yourself: Who am I? What do I want out of life? In this clip from The Happiness Prescription, personal growth guru Deepak Chopra explains that personal identity is the key to unlocking reality, since the way you see the world is an expression of who you are.
Watch the full program or check out more Inspiration in a Minute clips on GaiamTV.com.