text:
Alaska's Birds: A Guide to Selected Species (Paperback)
In-depth portraits of 61 representative species, including information on unusual behaviors, habitats, and seasonal adaptations.
About the Author
Bob Armstrong has pursued a career in Alaska as a biologist, naturalist, and nature photographer since 1960. He is the author of the best-selling book Nature of Southeast Alaska and numerous other popular and scientific books and articles on the natural history of the state. He lives in Juneau, Alaska. www.naturebob.com


text: Seven teams of business school students from Canadian universities to compete TSX/NYSE/PSE: MFC SEHK:945 TORONTO, April 23, 2013 /PRNewswire/ - Manulife Financial is pleased to announce the teams named as finalists in its Manulife: Entry into Asia Challenge. A distinguished panel of independent judges reviewed 46 entries, submitted by teams of university business school students from across Canada, and has selected the seven teams of finalists. The seven teams will now present their submissions to an elite panel of judges with the winners of the competition being announced on May 22. "The Manulife: Entry into Asia Challenge" asked undergraduate and graduate business school students at Canadian universities to create a business plan for a Canadian small or medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to expand into any country in Asia. Competing teams will demonstrate their ability to think strategically about entry into Asian markets while demonstrating their understanding of the unique attributes, challenges and realities facing Canadian SMEs. The University of Toronto's Rotman School of Management is managing this one-time only competition. Additional details on the competition are available at manulife.com/asiachallenge. The finalist teams represent the University of Regina, the Richard Ivey School of Business, University of Western Ontario, the Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto and the University of Waterloo. The team members are: BETA TAU Tim Philip, Kira Novak and Barton Soroka Country for entry: China CRESCO James Hammond, Alex Apanovitch, Geoff Calder and Johnny Kim Country for entry: China FRONTIER CONSULTING Ian Sin, Ryan Appotive, Melita Cyril and Leslie Wong Country for entry: Myanmar HYDROLOGIC SOLUTIONS William Cheng, Erol Biceroglu, Miranda Fong and Marissa Leung Country for entry: China LUMI STRATEGISTS Jiemi Gao and Kevin Zhou Country for entry: China NEW HORIZONS Aisha Bukhari, Lak Chinta, Peter Cinat and Aristotle Solomon Country for entry: Japan SENOSENSE Mutthu Jagdish Ramlingh, Selvin Jebaraj, Darryl Karpel and Ronak Soni Country for entry: India Manulife would also like to extend their sincerest thank you and appreciation to the judges who reviewed the 46 submissions and chose the seven finalists. Prev 0 of 3 Next

subset: commoncrawl


text:
On Air
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No Apologies playlist for 08/27/2011By Mr. Edison on Sat, 08/27/2011 - 3:50am
Cheap Thrills, with Rosanne playlist for 08/27/2011By Mr. Edison on Sat, 08/27/2011 - 7:06am
Beginnings playlist for 08/27/2011By Joe Vecchio on Sat, 08/27/2011 - 9:18am
Ramsey Lewis Trio - The "In" Crowd "with new ears" #47
Clann Na Gael playlist for 08/27/2011By Joe Vecchio on Sat, 08/27/2011 - 11:09am
The After Party playlist for 08/27/2011By Dragan on Sat, 08/27/2011 - 6:51pm
Polka Express playlist for 08/26/2011By Polka Jasiu on Sat, 02/18/2012 - 4:22pm
Lunchtime playlist for 08/26/2011By Ludwig Leopold on Thu, 08/25/2011 - 6:07pm
Sam Taylor's Blues playlist for 08/26/2011By Richard LHommedieu on Fri, 08/26/2011 - 9:32am
Blues with a Feeling w/L'Hommedieu
Lunchtime playlist for 08/26/2011By Ludwig Leopold on Fri, 08/26/2011 - 11:35am
It's the calm before the storm ... Hurricane Irene is heading our direction... So let us be your soundtrack while tightening up before the storm.
Skagasm playlist for 08/26/2011By Rob Perez on Fri, 08/26/2011 - 3:20pm
Why is it so awesome? I just dunno!
Friday Night Free-Form playlist for 08/26/2011By Arnie on Sat, 08/27/2011 - 2:31am
listen to this program using Quicktime: http://bit.ly/wusb20110826qt
1. TRICKSKI - Beginning
Hurricane Flash Mob
Whatever Floats Yer Boat playlist for 08/26/2011By Kevin K on Sat, 08/27/2011 - 8:14pm
Kevin K Fillin
Mix Tape playlist for 08/25/2011By MixTape on Thu, 08/25/2011 - 12:21am
the usual?
Fishing With Bill playlist for 08/25/2011By Bill Kay on Thu, 08/25/2011 - 6:09am
Clam Radio playlist for 08/25/2011By johntabacco on Thu, 08/25/2011 - 9:23am
We pay homage to Jerry Leiber, and Nick Ashford who passed away this week. We also celebrate Elvis Costello's 57th birthday.
High Technology Radio playlist for 08/25/2011By brobill on Thu, 08/25/2011 - 2:39pm
Not feeling threatened by a two dimensional half-bearded clown.
Blues At Dawn playlist for 08/24/2011By Gavin on Wed, 08/24/2011 - 7:44am
Blue Grass Time playlist for 08/24/2011By Buddy Merriam on Wed, 08/24/2011 - 10:43am
6-8 PM 2 hours of Bluegrass music
Radio Free J-Ro playlist for 08/24/2011By J-Ro on Wed, 08/24/2011 - 3:01pm
J-Ro guest-hosting Suburban Hymns, spinning some psych and brit-pop type tunes from the classic era of college radio! And some new shit, too!
Into The Fire with JoJo playlist for 08/24/2011By JoJo on Wed, 08/24/2011 - 3:41pm


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Brooklyn is known for many things. Now it's known for harboring the state's biggest tax debtor.
Irving Bilzinsky, a proud son of the borough of churches, was named the state tax department's enemy number one.
Bilzinsky, a resident of Montauk Court in Sheepshead Bay and the former owner of the Scores strip club in Manhattan, owes over $15 million in back taxes between 2007 and 2009, according to a list of New York's top 250 delinquent tax payers that was made public for the first time last week in a new shame campaign to recoup unpaid taxes.
Bilzinsky and Scores went bankrupt back in 1998. The taxes he owes are his individually, as well as back taxes from his popular flesh flashing joint never paid, officials said. Attempts to reach Bilzinsky were unsuccessful as this paper went to press.
According to state tax records, Brooklyn is home to 13 of the state's notorious 250. Residents owe anywhere between $402,000 and $5 million in back taxes.
Legislators hope that putting their names on display will prompt some of them to make good on what they owe.
"It's a question of fairness," said Bensonhurst Assemblymember William Colton (D-Dyker Heights, Bensonhurst), who pushed the state's tax department to publicize tax debtor lists. Colton's 47th District is close to one of the biggest business tax delinquents in the borough -- Mecca Wholesales Corp. on 62nd Street, which owes over $10 million in back taxes. "We're demanding that families make all kinds of sacrifices and are in the process of making cuts to schools and nursing homes. It's not fair for a small group of often wealthy and very powerful individuals and businesses to not pay their taxes."
Colton, who had put in legislation to demand that the state tax department publicize the list before the agency agreed to do it last week, said that a similar tactic has been used in 21 other states with a modicum of success.
"Connecticut has been able to recoup $200 million since they started," he said. "Pennsylvania has managed to get $190 million back. In times like this we cannot allow billions of dollars in taxes go uncollected."
Governor David Paterson said that tax delinquents "shamelessly evade our tax laws, put the entire State in jeopardy and allow others to pay for the vital services they enjoy."
"By utilizing this website to identify the most egregious offenders, we send a powerful message to those who would seek to benefit from all that New York State has to offer but refuse to contribute their fair share," the Governor explained.
"Tax warrants are a matter of public record, and our notices to taxpayers inform them of that fact," said Department of Taxation and Finance Acting Commissioner Jamie Woodward. "Allowing for easy public access to these names is just one more tool we will use in our enforcement program to collect all that is owed in taxes in order for the State to pay for vital services it provides to all New Yorkers."
The view the full list, one can go to http://www
--with Elizabeth Dana
©2010 Community News Group
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text:
Britannica Web sites
Articles from Britannica encyclopedias for elementary and high school students.
- James L. Brooks - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up)
(born 1940). American screenwriter, director, and producer James L. Brooks was active in both television and film. He was especially known for work that blended warm humor with genuine dramatic sentiment. Brooks won three Academy Awards for producing, writing, and directing the movie Terms of Endearment (1983).


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Hot answers tagged arithmetic
Oleksandr is correct about the way evaluation works. a/b seems to be interpreted (parsed) directly as Times[a, Power[b,-1]], or more readably: $a\times b^{-1}$. Divide[a,b] is interpreted as is. Evaluation then proceeds from these forms, and the arithmetic is carried out differently for the two cases: either $a\times (1/b)$ or $a/b$. Here are some ...
In a sense described below, this answer finds $422716$ distinct solutions. The innovations presented here are using postfix operators to eliminate problems with parentheses; avoiding having to deal with unary negation; initially computing "too many" solutions, some of which make no sense, and eliminating them at the end (rather than writing more ...
EDIT: As @Rojo points out in the comments, my code doesn't really find all solutions. For example, a term of the form a * (b * c + d) can't be represented with "precedence plus/minus" operators. I'm not sure if it is salvageable, but as it is, the code below does not find all solutions. A very simple solution would be to define two new operators $\oplus$ ...
While it would've been nice if the package handled it automatically, it can be fixed with a simple overloading of Quantity: Unprotect@Quantity; Quantity /: (0 | 0.) Quantity[_, unit_] := Quantity[0, unit] Protect@Quantity; You can add this to your init.m, so that you don't have to define it each time. You can test your examples with this: 0. Quantity[1, "...
You can input numbers in any base up to 36 using the notation base^^digits. Digits over 9 are represented using a, b, c, ... You can print numbers in any base up to 36 using BaseForm. Thus, In[1]:= a=2^^0.10101 Out[1]= 0.65625 In[2]:= BaseForm[a^2,2] Out[2]//BaseForm= Subscript[0.0110111001, 2] Note that the internal representation of numbers doesn't ...
Here's one idea. Hold the expression unevaluated and go up the expression tree from (near) the bottom, level by level, and evaluate. expr = HoldForm[1/((a + 2 b)/c^2)] /. {a -> 1, b -> 2, c -> 3} out = ToExpression@ToString[FullForm@#] & /@ (ReplacePart[expr, # -> Extract[expr, #] & /@ #] & /@ GatherBy[Position[...
How about this? Quotient[Range[6], 3, 1] + 1 {1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2}
Another option: RootApproximant[0.1845095405274387, 1]
There isn't really such a thing as binary arithmetic (at least in Mathematica). Numbers can be represented in any base, and this user-visible representation is completely independent from how arithmetic is done. Try this: BaseForm[(2^^1010101011)*(2^^1111101110), 2] Things to look up: BaseForm Digits in numbers
Calculating eigenvalues involves solving for the roots of the characteristic polynomial, which is of degree equal to the order of the size of the matrix. When you input real numbers, it can search for the roots of the polynomial using numerical techniques. When you input exact integers (or rationals, probably) it tries to find exact answers for the roots of ...
Here's a possibility next`ops = HoldForm /@ {Plus, Times, Divide, Subtract}; (nextOp[#1] = #2) & @@@ Most@Transpose@{next`ops, RotateLeft@next`ops}; next`children = True; SetAttributes[{next`Plus, next`Times}, Flat]; next[{i_}] := False; next[l_List] := HoldForm[Plus][{l[[1]]}, l[[2 ;;]]]; next[op_[arg1_, arg2_]] /; next`children := With[{res = next[...
Someone certainly had to write this recursive one: Clear[f] f[x_Integer, y_Integer] := x + f[x, y - 1] f[x_Integer, 0] := 0 f[x_Integer] := f[x, x] + f[x - 1] f[0] := 0
Try this : s[n_] := Total[ Range[n]^2] to check how it works, e.g. : s[5] // Trace There is also a purely symbolic approach, e.g. : $\quad n^2$ ~ Sum ~$n\quad$ (see Infix notation) : (n^2) ~ Sum ~ n 1/6 (-1 + n) n (-1 + 2 n) Note : Sum[ n^2, n] returns the same as Sum[ i^2, {i, n-1}] does, i.e. indefinite sums starts at 0 while ...
Still another possibility: Last[Convergents[0.1845095405274387]]
An extended comment. I'm not sure if this has been realized, please correct me if it has. The result of the Divide[a,b] operation is not the same as the first 3 which are identical. {a, b} = List @@ RandomReal[{-50, 50}, {2, 1*^7}]; x1 = a/b; x2 = a b^-1; x3 = a/b; x4 = Divide[a, b]; Now... Tally[x1 - x2] Tally[x2 - x3] Both give 10^7 zeros. Tally[...
A couple of bits of code for your consideration: FromDigits@#/10^(Length@# - #2) & @@ RealDigits[0.1845095405274387] Rationalize[0.1845095405274387, $MachineEpsilon]
Figuring out what the following snippet does is left as an exercise for the reader: With[{n = 9}, s = t = 0; j = 1; Do[ t += j; s += t; j += 2, {n}]; s ]
Total@Flatten[ConstantArray[#, #] & /@ Range[9]] I think this exercise is somewhat of a Rorschach test… I don't know what the above says about me, though :)
A Mathematica minded answer: HarmonicNumber[n, -2] So: Simplify[Sum[i^2, {i, n}] == HarmonicNumber[n, -2]] (* True *)
You can enter a number in an arbitrary base using base^^digits: alpha = 2^^0.10101; BaseForm[alpha, 2] BaseForm[alpha^2, 2]
I feel like I should be prefacing this answer with three confessions, considering that this is an arithmetic question. First, I had a hard time with the multiplication tables until I was nine years old. Second, even after I finally got the hang of multiplication, I was never a fan of multiplying from right-to-left; I preferred going left-to-right. (Arthur ...
It's not a bug and it's not so uncommon. For an explanation have a look here. This and some related issues also appear in this MathGroup thread. Also relevant: 1 2.
Not a full answer since I need to sleep :) but more of an observation, which might help. It seems to have to do with the fact that 0 and 0. are not the same in Mathematica. This simple example shows it UnitConvert[0. + Quantity[5, "Meters"], "Inches"] (*--> UnitConvert[0. + Quantity[5, "Meters"], "Inches"] *) while UnitConvert[0 + ...
Independently I arrived at something similar to Michael's answer, yet different. I borrowed his formatting function after seeing it as it works better than what I had. Perhaps this will also be of use: evalFromBottom[expr_, lv_: 1] := If[lv > Depth@expr, expr, With[{ev = Replace[expr, x_ :> RuleCondition[x], {-lv}]}, If[expr === ev, ...
I am a bit late to the party, and with an incomplete answer. I will flesh this out if I find the time, but that is not likely for a little while. Parentheses are a grouping operation. So, instead of using higher precedence operators, there is the potential for a lot of savings if we determine the non-overlapping partitions, first. Applying Mr. Wizard's code ...
An oddball one using a recursive, memoizing function for the square. Clear[sq]; sq[n_Integer] := sq[n] = sq[n - 1] + n + (n - 1) sq[1] = 1; Sum[sq[n], {n, 6}] 91 It's not something I would directly use for such a goal, but you asked for something without explicit multiplications and you got it. Alternatively, if we don't interpret Dot as some ...
Yes, it is possible. Since multiplication of positive integers is repeated addition, we can repeatedly add instead of multiply: n = 10; sum = 0; Do[ Do[ sum = sum + i, {j, 1, i}], {i, 1, n}]; Print[sum]
Ten ways to beat a dead horse Sunday afternoon on an airplane without wifi and this was the problem I remembered reading at breakfast. Forgive me for the time I had on my hands. All because @Aky resurrected this dead horse. (Thanks by the way. I'm glad to have figured out the CellularAutomaton one, but we landed before I could come up with a good MapAll ...
Here's a way to brute-force search for numbers that have the property that the sum of the digits raised to an integer power is equal to the number itself. list = {}; Do[If[Total[IntegerDigits[b^e]] == b, AppendTo[list, {b, e}]], {b, 2, 800}, {e, 2, 100}]; This returns a list of the numbers and powers (here's just the first 50), ordered so that they ...
As rasher and the documentation both say, Equal has a certain level of fuzziness. The same is true of SameQ, though it has a more stringent tolerance. The following computations are all done with machine precision numbers. Similar things should hold with arbitrary precision numbers but the analysis might be trickier. (* 12 zeros, difference = 1.00142*10^(...
Only top voted, non community-wiki answers of a minimum length are eligible


text:
Newly arrived international students have the option to apply to be matched with continuing CU students. This is your chance to have a CU student help guide you in the first weeks that you are here. The International Student Guides (ISG) help you with questions before you arrive and with your initial cultural and academic adjustments. The ISG program also helps you find and connect with campus resources, and holds regular events and activities to connect you with other students.
Please address questions about immigration matters to firstname.lastname@example.com in ISSS; questions about insurance or academic matters can be addressed to email@example.com. Not sure whom to contact? Please contact email@example.com
The ISG program is open to undergraduate and graduate students during their first semester at CU. Participating is entirely optional! If you are an incoming student, and would like to apply for a guide, please review the New Incoming ISG Program Application.
If you are a current student, and would like to be a guide, please review the Current CU Student ISG Application.
The ISG program is a joint project of International Student and Scholar Services, the CU Student Government and the CU International club. For more information on the ISG program, please read the recent CU news article.


text:
Some of these politicians just make things up. Like, remember that guy Newt Gingrich? The guy just makes stuff up! Like, they asked him about women in the military, right? This is what he said: 'Women can't be in the military 'cause, of course, they've got that, uh, vagina. Uh, and they might be lying in a ditch at some point with a -- vagina -- and they might get an infection, and they'd all start crying, and everyone would go home.'
Watch highlights from season one and find out why that's great news.
Get full episodes of your favorite shows on the Comedy Central app.
Unlimited streams and downloads of the best Comedy Central specials.
© 2015 Comedy Partners. All Rights Reserved. Comedy Central and all related titles, logos and characters are trademarks of comedy partners.


text:
Department of Finance and Legal Studies
Eberly College of Business and Information Technology
Designed to give students an understanding of fundamental energy law including oil and gas law. Includes analysis of Natural Resource Leases & Contracts, Rights and Ownership of the mineral estate, Law of capture, Contracts, Clauses and Covenants of the oil and gas lease, Oil and Gas Operating Agreements, Title and Conveyance of Oil and Gas Leases, Pooling and Utilization on Private and Federal Lands, Easements and Right of Ways in connection with natural resource exploration, Environmental Considerations and Impacts of Natural Resource drilling and exploration, The Legal Structure of the Energy Industry, (Public Utility Holding Company Act, Federal Energy Regulatory Commission) Land Use restrictions and Eminent Domain. Prerequisite: BLAW 633
Covers advanced or exploratory topics within the discipline. Specific content developed by the instructor. Content will vary, depending upon the interests of the instructor and students' need and demand for the advanced or exploratory topic. Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor and the Eberly College of Business and Information Technology graduate coordinator.
Deals with solution of case problems as applied to various topics in the field of business law. Prerequisite: BLAW 235 or equivalent.
Fraud, Waste, and Abuse Hotline
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© 2007–16 Indiana University of Pennsylvania
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text:
A gift giving occasion is coming up and when my wife asked me for ideas I told her I was interested in a D&D Insider subscription. However when I went to go look up how one could give a subscription as a gift I couldn't find a way. Is there currently a way to give a D&D Insider subscription as a gift?
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The short answer to this is No, there's no official way to do that.
The Official Boards have a thread talking about this: http://community.wizards.com/go/thread/view/75882/21799005/Damp;D_Insider_As_A_Gift
They've been talking about it for a few years it seems, but there's not a way to "send one as a gift".
I mean, you could have your wife buy you a gift Visa card or something and use that for the subscription, but that's really kinda defeating the purpose.


text:
Cinnamon Maple Macadamias
Total Time
Prep 5 mins
Cook 30 mins
From Justine Schofield hostess/cook of Everyday Gourmet and she suggested that this would be lovely sprinkled over your breakfast cereal or as a topping for yogurt or porridge. For dietary reasons I would use sugar free maple syrup to make it diabetic friendly.
Ingredients Nutrition
- 1 1⁄2 cups macadamia nuts (roughly chopped)
- 1 teaspoon ground cinnamon
- 1⁄4 cup maple syrup (sugar free for diabetics)
- Preheat oven to 180°C.
- Toss the nuts with the cinnamon and spread on a baking tray and bake until lightly golden and fragrant, about 20 to 25 minutes.
- Pour the maple syrup over the nuts and stir to combine and bake for 5 minutes more and then cool on the tray.
- Store in an airtight container.
Most Helpful
Easy and delicious. This would make a great gift during the holidays. Love the cinnamon! Thanks, I'mPat. Made for Aussie Kiwi Recipe Swap #74.
I could only fine sugarless maple falvoured syrup.........No matter.......
What a wonderful result!
I probably did remove them from the oven a little early............No prob's these were still awesome not to mention sugar free!
Thanks Pat for an awesome recipe.................... I am a little afraid DH will not get any of these as DD has her eye on them!
Now to see who is the first to use them!!! lol
Lovely New Years snack. I was a little worried about browning the nuts, but no problem. Doubled the recipe as we enjoyed on New Years Eve. Great flavoring. Made for PRMR tag


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Top Definition
Something that is worthy of loling at
"Dude that bitch looks like she got penetrated by a donkey"
"Ha thats lolable!"
"Ha thats lolable!"
di Joe Griffiths 17 giugno 2007
Trending Now
Something that has the potential to be "lol"'d or Laughed Out Loud at.
That joke about the bird was very lolable -- I laughed at it very hard.
di tealmarie2010 19 giugno 2009
Something that is lol's worthy but did not actually receive a lol at the time.
That was a dumb joke - Hayden
Oh come on it was Lol'able - Ian
Oh come on it was Lol'able - Ian
di Ian Incinerate 16 marzo 2009
Adj- something to lol (laugh out loud) at, something funny you are able to laugh at.
-the cranberry sauce is better than last year!
-ha thats so "lolable"
-ha thats so "lolable"
di Jujume 24 novembre 2011
The noob way of saying 'laughable'
OMG,that is so lolable!
di The Gimboid 20 luglio 2006


text:
Jnati Photography and Digital Imagery - FacebookJournal Entry: Sat Jul 18, 2009, 10:47 PM
So if you feel like seeing everything twice, and allow me to brain wash you with repetitive marketing practices, please feel free to link over...
Maybe some of you 3x with being fiends on Facebook. Or 4 times for those that are also on Flickr!
Yay, fun!
And also the newest awesomeness that DA offers us... digitalimagery.daportfolio.com… to Digital Imagery dot DAportfolio dot com
Tools of the Craft
Nikon D200, SB-600, Nikon 16-85mm VR, Nikon 70-300mm VR, Tamron 10-24mm, Hoya 67mm & 77mm Filter Kits (CP, Warm, & UV), Hoya NDx400, Manfrotto 190XPROB tripod w/Manfrotto 322RC2 Joystick Head.
Apple Macbook Pro "Green machine"
15.4" Aluminum Body
2.8Ghz Processor, 4GB Ram
128GB SSD Hard Drive, nVIDIA GeForce GT 512MB Graphics
Warcom 6x8 Graphics Tablet
Adobe CS4 Master Collection, NIK Software Dfine 2.0, Viveza, & Color Efex Pro 3.0, Photomatix Pro 3.0, Adobe Lightroom 2.0
Stamp Collection
Mature Content
Mature Content
Create your own visitor map!
Jnati Photography and Digital Imagery - Facebook by jnatiWatch
©2009-2016 jnati


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ODT Online
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The council in August granted Geoff and Tracey Scurr, of
Geoff Scurr Contracting, consent to expand their quarry
operation, but with 24 conditions to protect neighbours from
noise, dust and other problems.
The couple launched an appeal in October and earlier this
week held mediation talks with council staff and neighbours
who had become parties to the appeal.
Yesterday, Mrs Scurr said agreement had been reached with the
council and two neighbours, but details remained confidential
until documentation was finalised, which she expected would
happen before Christmas.
The council's original decision, made public in August,
limited rock extraction to 30,000cu m each year; less than
the maximum 45,000cu m the Scurrs wanted in some years.
Announcing the appeal, Mrs Scurr said the company wanted to
reduce rock-crushing, loading and transporting activities on
Saturdays, and in return start weekday rock-crushing
activities - when needed - one hour earlier than allowed, at
7am, not 8am.
The company also wanted to be allowed to carry over some
unused rock extraction capacity from one year to the next,
while remaining within the average 30,000cu m annual limit
"or thereabouts" required by the council, she said.
A clarification to a condition defining "crushing time" was
also being sought.
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text:
When global helium shortages make headlines, Leslie Theiss usually fields a few phone calls.
Theiss, head of the Bureau of Land Management's Amarillo Helium Operations, oversees the nation's helium reserve, about two dozen natural gas wells north of Amarillo where helium is extracted from deep beneath the Earth's surface.
On Jan. 13, weather-related problems and an electrical malfunction prompted the BLM to temporarily reduce deliveries of crude helium to refiners along a 425-mile government pipeline.
Periodic shutdowns for repairs and maintenance have come in the midst of a global helium shortage.
To add to that, helium plants in Algeria and Qatar have been offline.
The BLM's helium-enrichment plant near Amarillo normally supplies private refiners with more than 6 million cubic feet a day. The Cliffside Field and the BLM's helium-enrichment plant supply the crude helium used in about 40 percent of U.S. helium production and almost 35 percent of the world's helium production.
Helium's not just for balloons and birthday parties.
Computer companies need the colorless, odorless gas to make chips. NASA uses about a tanker full for every shuttle launch, and the medical industry relies on it to cool magnets used in MRIs.
Theiss said the BLM is notifying private suppliers that it is planning another temporary shutdown to upgrade some control equipment.
The agency, which has 52 employees, will have to reduce production along the pipeline to prepare for the shutdown.
"We have a shutdown scheduled beginning on April 23, and we should be up in five days," she said. "It should be a relatively short one. No one's complained about having any shortages lately, but that can change at any time. The market is still tight."
In 1996, lawmakers enacted the Helium Privatization Act, a law that envisioned eventually selling off the helium reserve by 2015.
"Then, we shut out the lights and go home. But that's kind of not what's been happening." Theiss said.
"We're finding out that there's more and more demand. Companies are looking very heavily to find it. The bottom line is: what should be the role of this facility in the future?"
The helium law authorizes the plant to offer helium for sale up to 2015. In the last few years, Amarillo's Helium Operations has returned about $400 million to the U.S. Treasury to pay debts incurred by the helium program.
Nabil Dia, lead general engineer at BLM's helium-enrichment unit, said he anticipates that the reserve will still have helium remaining in the federal reservoir in 2015.
Congress, Dia said, may have to take a second look at federal law and determine whether the reserve should continue producing helium after the deadline.
"Right now, we have 23 billion cubic feet in the field. We are offering 2.1 billion a year," he said. "We are still going to have helium. What are we going to do with it?"
The helium field itself is a finite resource, Theiss said, and increasing production demands require the plant's operators to closely monitor the field to ensure helium purity.
The various fields are tracked by computer. Gases from the field are supercooled, and helium and other gases are stripped from the well field.
"We're finding out that there's more and more demand. Companies are looking very heavily to find it."
Leslie Theiss, head of the Bureau of Land Management's Amarillo Helium Operations
Theiss said the industry might need new exploration, conservation measures and development to pursue additional helium sources to meet future demand.
"It's on a similar, parallel type of track to what you see in the oil and gas industry these days: higher demand, all the easy stuff's been found, need to find new sources and it's more expensive to go out and try to develop some of these tougher areas," she said.
"We're just trying to make sure our plant runs well and we can keep up a reliable supply as long as we can," she said.
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Birds on a Balustrade, Melchior d' Hondecoeter, c. 1680 - c. 1690
Melchior d'Hondecoeter is the best-known bird painter of the 17th century. He brought the genre to great heights. He portrayed birds from all over the world with a great sensitivity for detail, colour, and animation: chicken, hoopoe or parrot, he observed them all equally closely. This oil sketch of chicks affords unique insight into D'Hondecoeter's working practice. He used such studies as the basis for his monumental park landscapes (on view in Gallery 2.22), which feature diverse species of birds. Depicted in this sketch are seven chicks in various poses. They were frequently reused in a 'copy & paste' fashion in his paintings, as for instance in his Birds on a Balustrade.


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I'm currently running WP v2 and trying to ascertain if WP v3 (MU?) is currently capable of what I've got in mind.
Right now, my WordPress installation is in a subdomain:
>> http://travelogue.travelvice.com
with post URLs formatted as such:
>> http://travelogue.travelvice.com/jordan/a-visual-tour-of-petra-the-treasury/
I'd like to install WP v3 at the root of travelvice.com to create a hierarchy of pages at the root directory level (such as travelvice.com/questions-and-traveler-help/).
Is it possible to retain the URL structure I've established for posts while creating pages off the root domain level?
Thanks for the brain power,


text:
Sicily: a darkly romantic island
The Italian outpost has been influenced by a variety of cultures - no less complex than its history is its beauty
The Italian outpost has been influenced by a variety of cultures - no less complex than its history is its beauty
Timelapse video shows the moment a rare "dirty thunderstorm" broke out, creating a stunning picture over Sicily's skyline.
The Tunisian was first arrested in Italy in November 2007 and sentenced to seven years for planning terror attacks for a group that has since been linked to Isis
Kerr is the lead singer of Simple Minds, whose upcoming UK tour runs from 26 November to 1 December
Our gardening correspondent has been won over by gladiolus - not the monstrous showbench gladdys beloved of Edna Everage, but more garden-friendly types such as Gladiolus byzantinus
Mount Etna, Europe's biggest and most active volcano, has erupted again, showering volcanic ash on towns dotting the mountain's slopes and nearby Taormina on the island of Sicily.
Mount Etna erupted for the 16th time this year on late Saturday and Sunday morning sending plumes of ash and streams of lava high into the sky over much of eastern Sicily.
35-year-old detained after witnesses in refugee centre claim he was captain who started fatal fire on vessel
Migrants were crammed into small vessel that caught fire close to the coast of Italy
Judge has expressed concerns over the warrant used in his arrest
Ian Austin, a former aide to Gordon Brown, posted tweet after the Conservatives poached Barack Obama's campaign chief, Jim Messina, for the 2015 battle
A man described as Europe's most wanted drug trafficker and Italy's answer to Pablo Escobar was on Sunday night languishing in an Italian jail, after being extradited from Colombia.
If you've been to any of the bigger tourist attractions in the capital of late, you'll know that the ticket prices at the Tower of London are criminal and the queues at the London Eye are enough to drive anyone to murder. But there's plenty on offer for tourists who want to something a little bit different… and a good bit darker. My book, Criminal London, a Sightseer's Guide to a Capital of Crime, gives the low-down on the capital's low-life.
A look at the Italian perspective ahead of tonight's Europa League tie
Midfielder joins Serie A side until the end of the season
Where to go and what to know


text:
Maartje Folkeringa creates decaying figuartive sculptures out of foam. The work reminds me of earlier work by Folkert De Jong who was our cover artist for Issue: V of Beautiful/Decay.
Maartje Folkeringa creates decaying figuartive sculptures out of foam. The work reminds me of earlier work by Folkert De Jong who was our cover artist for Issue: V of Beautiful/Decay.
Dealing with the ups and downs of an independent business can at times be a drag, but getting packages like this in the mail makes all the work worthwhile. I first met Justin B. Nelson when he entered our contest with Colt45. Justin was one of the top ten finalists and his work was entered in our show at Synchronicity Gallery. I loved Justin's work in the show but was blown away when I met him at the opening. At first I thought Justin had drove an hour or two, but he flew in all the way from Tampa, FL just to check out the show! If that's not dedication I don't know what is. Since then, Justin's been part of the Cult of Decay. We've only met each other once but we probably email or send each other tweets at least once a week. It's amazing to be able to connect with creative people without the restrictions of distance. (The internet kicks ass!)
Anyways back to the package… Yesterday our mailman brought us an envelope all the way from Tampa. it included not only a print of one of my favorite pieces in the Colt45 show but also a note from Justin. It might not seem like much but it's a great feeling to get feedback like this. We get caught up in all the chaos of running the show and sometimes forget that YOU are out there reading our books, wearing our shirts, and spreading the good word of decay! I'm glad that you guys are out there. Without your there would be no Beautiful/Decay.
P.S. You can check out a larger image of Justin's print after the jump along with his note. You can also get a copy of his sick print here.
This past Sunday I headed out to the Music Box to see Die Antwoord. By my previous posts you know that I've been into the group's videos, but I wondered if they held up on a stage with a few thousand fans. It's too soon to tell if the group is just the flavor of the month or a powerhouse that will hold the attention spans of youth for years to come, but I will say that I enjoyed every minute of the show from beginning to end. Not only did they sound great but these guys are simply bonkers. With only a simple backdrop and crazy costumes that look like homemade Halloween costumes they managed to tear up the stage. Here's a few photos and thoughts from the show….
Not much to it. Just amazing eye candy for 4.40 minutes.
A few weeks back I headed over to the studio of painter Alison Blickle. You may remember Alison from a previous post as well as her killer contribution to book 3. Alison recently moved to LA , with a studio down the street from the B/D office so I thought i'd stop by and check out what she's been up to.
Dear nerds, I present you with something you will love. Pull out your lightsaber and salute the Cult Of Decay!
Video created & directed by Eric Power
I have so many photos from my Italy trip that I'm having a hard time categorizing them into different posts. Hence, here is a post with a mix of a lil bit of everything from me tossing up the devil horns in the house of God to Venice flooding at high tide. It's a tourist photo album but on crack!
This video by Crystal Castles for their Baptism release is low budget as hell but gets the point across. Pull out your Halloween vampire teeth, start crying, put on some spandex, and jump around til you're dizzy. Once you're done take a deep breath and repeat!


text:
Skip to Main Content
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eBooks, and eLearning courses.
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Supply voltage reduction with process scaling has made the design of analog, RF and mixed mode circuits increasingly difficult. In this paper, we present the design of an ultra-low voltage, low power and highly integrated dual-mode receiver for 2.4-GHz ISM-band applications. The receiver operates reliably from 0.55-0.65 V and is compatible with commercial standards such as Bluetooth and ZigBee. We discuss the design challenges at low voltage supplies such as limited fT for transistors and higher nonlinearities due to limited available signal swing, and present the architectural and circuit level design techniques used to overcome these challenges. The highly integrated receiver prototype chip contains RF front-end circuits, analog baseband circuits and the RF frequency synthesizer and was fabricated in a standard digital 90-nm CMOS process; it achieves a gain of 67 dB, noise figure of 16 dB, IIP3 of -10.5 dBm, synthesizer phase noise of - 127 dBc/Hz at 3-MHz offset, consumes 32.5 mW from 0.6 V and occupies an active area of 1.7 mm2.
A not-for-profit organization, IEEE is the world's largest technical professional organization dedicated to advancing technology for the benefit of humanity.© Copyright 2016 IEEE - All rights reserved. Use of this web site signifies your agreement to the terms and conditions.


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MTA News
Current News
Friday, June 19, 2015 - 10:03
The MTA's Weekender: The Way Around Weekend Work for June 19 - June 22
Thursday, June 18, 2015 - 17:57
The MTA and Operation Lifesaver, Inc., have formed a partnership to promote safety at Metro-North and LIRR railroad crossings and announced that their first initiative was an advertising campaign at the movies, on television, in newspapers, online and on outdoor signs to begin appearing tomorrow. The MTA also launched a new safety-focused section of its website, web.mta.info/safety, and social media hashtag #MTASafety.
Thursday, June 18, 2015 - 16:13
Douglas Connett has been appointed to the position of Vice President and Chief Officer for Staten Island Railway.
Monday, June 15, 2015 - 16:10
An aboriginal didgeridoo, Chinese monochord and Celtic folk are among the variety of sounds you'll soon be hearing as you make your way around the MTA system. The acts were among 26 groups and performers accepted into the Music Under New York program (MTA MUSIC). The musicians were chosen from approximately 70 acts that performed before a panel of judges on May 19, 2015, at the program's 28th annual auditions in Grand Central Terminal.
Friday, June 12, 2015 - 13:14
Improving Service
Friday, June 12, 2015 - 11:59
MTA Arts & Design has been honored by Americans for the Arts' 2015 Year in Review for two projects in the newly opened Fulton Center: the one-of-a-kind cable-net sculpture "Sky Reflector-Net" and the large-scale video installation "New York Minute."
Friday, June 12, 2015 - 09:47
MTA's Weekender: The Way Around Weekend Work
Thursday, June 11, 2015 - 12:33
Hitch a ride on the personal journeys of artists and performers inspired by their daily commutes
Tuesday, June 9, 2015 - 13:21
merican Pharoah wasn't the only winner at Saturday's 147th running of the Belmont Stakes. Long Island Rail Road customers who took the train to and from the Park won as well. And, the MTA thanks them for patronage.
Monday, June 8, 2015 - 17:30
The Battery Parking Garage is a distinctive building with its name emblazoned in large letters on the side, looming over Greenwich Street. When it opened in 1950 it made history as the first parking garage in the city to be built by a public agency. Robert Moses, always a supporter of infrastructure for automobiles and parking, wrote that such facilities "can help immensely in serving local needs and in keeping the clutter of traffic off the busy City streets."
Friday, June 5, 2015 - 09:34
The MTA's Weekender: The Way Around Weekend Work for June 5 - June 8
Thursday, June 4, 2015 - 15:41
The LIRR remains the best bet for travel to beautiful Belmont Park. With frequent service from Penn Station, Atlantic Terminal in Brooklyn and Jamaica to a newly refurbished Belmont Park Station, there is no faster or more convenient way to see American Pharoah's bid to become the first winner of thoroughbred racing's Triple Crown in nearly four decades.
Wednesday, June 3, 2015 - 16:04
MTA Bus Time™ is now a free, downloadable app. MTA The Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) has significantly upgraded , its live bus tracking service, by making it available as a free downloadable app for iOS and Android smartphone users. Additionally starting June 6, new time-based bus arrival information will be available for Bronx bus routes and will be available for bus routes in the other boroughs in the near future as the MTA moves forward with new ways to provide customers with real-time arrival information.
Tuesday, June 2, 2015 - 13:55
Twelve new peregrine falcon chicks with a unique nursery that includes an awesome 360-degree view of the city skyline were recently banded at the Verrazano-Narrows, Marine Parkway-Gil Hodges Memorial and Throgs Neck bridges.
Friday, May 29, 2015 - 09:29
The MTA's Weekender: The Way Around Weekend Work for May 29 - June 1
Thursday, May 28, 2015 - 10:56
MTA Capital Construction has invited the public to stop by the Community Information Center and experience the facility's newest feature – a subway simulator that will give visitors the experience of operating a train through the three new stations of the Second Avenue Subway. Click online at https://youtu.be/IwU2fIf6N4U to see the simulator in action!
Wednesday, May 27, 2015 - 09:57
Copper cable thieves caused hundreds of thousands of customers a difficult commute this morning after vandalizing cable from [A] line subway tracks near Howard Beach, Queens. Limited [A] train service is being restored at this moment but residual delays will persist throughout the day.
Wednesday, May 27, 2015 - 07:45
MTA New York City Transit has suspended [A] train service between Broad Channel and Rockaway Boulevard because of problems with third rail power near Howard Beach. Shuttle buses will replace the [A] train on this section until further notice.
Tuesday, May 26, 2015 - 13:39
Let LIRR Be Your Way to the Beach This Summer
Friday, May 22, 2015 - 09:37
The MTA's Weekender: The Way Around Weekend Work for May 22 - May 25


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Video Industry News Video Company News Technology Industry News Technology Company News Novelty Industry News Novelty Company News Gay Industry News Gay Company News Legal Industry News All Company News
Released: Nov 01st, 2003
Running Time: 110
Director: Wesley B
Company: West Coast Productions
Cast: Lexi (I), Amiee, Soma (I), Mr. Marcus, Jack Napier, Alicia Rhodes, Roxy (I)
Critical Rating: AAA 1/2
Genre: All-Sex
Recommend to those unfamiliar with the series, and interracial fans.
There's something about Jack, alright ... something real damn funny! This guy is such a clowner, and so playful and plucky, that it's impossible not to like him. Even if he does have a dick the size of a bassoon (which he does). There's one comment he makes here that's the funniest thing to come out of a porno since the title Weapons of Ass Destruction: when Mr. Marcus pokes at the ear of cute brunette Amiee with his massive trouser snake, Jack says, "He wants to see if you can hear where he's coming from." Get it? That's comedy, people!
Anyway, that opening threeway lasts an epic 40 minutes, with scads of d.p., A2M, you name it. And then Jack gets in a quickie with Latin babe Soma, for whom, we find out in the Behind the Scenes footage, this is the very first porno scene of her career. Now she's ruined for all other cummers. Too bad for them (but just fine for Jack).
Jack also takes down blonde Brit Alicia Rhodes then has another threeway, this time with two girls, Lexi and Roxy. Boy, somebody should get this guy his own series. (Oh wait, nevermind.)


text:
NORMAN, Okla. (AP) - Cleveland County authorities are searching for an inmate who apparently walked out of the jail with a group of inmates who were being released.
Sheriff Joe Lester says Timothy Michael DeClark was being processed Tuesday when he walked out of the jail about 6 p.m. with inmates who had posted bond and were being released.
DeClark was being held for probation violations, receiving stolen property, forgery and possession of a firearm following a prior conviction.
Lester says a criminal investigation into the escape is under way as well as an internal evaluation into how DeClark was able to walk out of the jail.
(Copyright 2009 by The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved.)


text:
+ Post New Thread
Hello all,
Running the http://extjs.com/deploy/ext-2.0-alpha1/examples/form/custom.html exemple
I notice that once you have done a query, this...
Well. The code is similiar to
var window = new Ext.window(...)
if ( window.isVisible() ) blah blah
else blah blah.
I got the error at...
When i click the 'Source Edit' button of a HtmlEditor in a tabPanel, an ...
windows xp
ext-base.js or yui-utitlities.js
IE 6.0.... or Firefox 126.96.36.199
A Panel contains two or more columns. A...
The overlay does not get resized when changing the browser...
Problem: Disabling a FormPanel disables underlying fields in Firefox but not in IE 6.
Description: The FormPanel is greyed but TextFields can...
Just porting my app from Ext1 to Ext2 and came across a bug. You can't change the column header text using setColumnHeader.
Something like...
Problem: If you press ESC twice while in a form i.e. text box the whole Ext.Form clears on the second ESC.
- Ext 2.0a1 (we noticed the issue in the first release of Ext2 into svn)
- prototype adapter
- ie6
I can't show you a way to reproduce...
Hello, I have just installed ext 2.0a version and think WOW!! That's incredible! That's the best!
Actually, I guess I need to wait for official...
I am using extjs 2.0 alpha in an aspx (ASP.NET 2.0) file (with doctype <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"...
Environment: ext-base.js, widows 2000, FF2 / IE7
Problem: I have a "my_form" as a formpanel with a xtype:'tabpanel' with multiple tabs.
Later I...
First, congrats with the alpha release. Sure does look good!
However, as described earlier, calling the reconfigure method of the...
Using ext-all.js, line 84, the date picker declaration produces an error.
myDatePicker = new Ext.DatePicker({
renderTo: 'myDiv',...
Works fine in FF, bad in IE 6.
Goto Form 3 (the first form3!), click on Phone...
I was checking out the Dynamic Forms example for 2.0 at http://extjs.com/playpen/ext-2.0-dev5/examples/form/dynamic.js in IE7.
On the first click...
Release : ext-2.0-alpha1
I have a region with autoScroll(true). Region has Form with Fields sets.
Scroll bar...
First let me say how pleased I am with the Ext2 rollout. Great job! I'm a convert and I talk-up Ext whenever I get a chance.
I've been playing...
I don't know if that was already reported or fixed but in Ext 2.0 alpha1 the css file
is pointing to some images using url:(../resources/....


text:
Mr. H. Gene Maddux, age 87, of Palmyra, Missouri, passed away Friday, July 26, 2013, at his daughter's home in Edwardsville, Illinois.
Funeral services will be at 11 a.m. Friday, August 2, 2013, at the Lewis Brothers Funeral Chapel in Palmyra, with burial at the Greenwood Cemetery in Palmyra, Missouri.
Visitation will be held from 5 p.m. to 8 p.m. Thursday, August 1, 2013, at the funeral chapel.
Location, ST | website.com


text:
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
|This user teaches at a university or other institution of higher education.
Adjunt Instructor[1] in Humanities & Religion (Distance Learning) for Forsyth Technical Community College (Winston-Salem, North Carolina); Humanities for Sandhills Community College (Pinehurst, North Carolina), Early College Program; Humanities (Distance Learning) for Alamance Community College (Graham, North Carolina); Humanities & Religion for Gaston College (Dallas, NC.)
|This user's favourite subject is philosophy.
|This user has an Associate of Arts degree.
|This user has a Bachelor of Arts degree in Philosophy & Religion.
|This user has a Master of Arts degree in Liberal Studies.
Template:User degree/Graduate Certificate subject
|One of this user's favourite subjects is Humanities.
Courses Taught: Critical Thinking, Technology & Society, Myth in Human Culture, The Nature of America, World Religions, Human Values & Meaning, Intro to the New Testament
Miscellaneous Information About Carlon in Userbox Form[edit]
|This user is a citizen of the United States of America
|This user is not British, but shares a common heritage and respects a parity of esteem between the many people of "these islands".
|This user is of
Scottish ancestry.
|This user is of Native American ancestry.
|This user is of French ancestry.
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|This user is of Italian ancestry.
|This user is into BDSM.
|This user is androgynous when online.
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|This user is an Italophile
|This user loves knowledge.
|This user spends most of his free time thinking.
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are complex and personal.
|This user accepts all Religious and Scientific claims as viable forms of explaining the Universe, but just thinks they are at different levels of Understanding
|This user is pagan.
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|USage decline
|This user uses American English, but is appalled at its rapid and continuing deterioration.
|This here user talks Southern, y'all.
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strict gun control.
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Dark Lord of the Sith.
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- Wikipedian university teachers
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text:
tl;dr Show us how many review items are left matching a filter.
With the unusually high number of items in the close vote review queue, it is kind of getting demoralizing to review them (which doesn't help!)
Why is it demoralizing? You don't feel like you're making a difference!
To combat this psychological problem with reviews, I suggest that we show, to the number, how many review items are left when filtering the queue.
For example, when I am reviewing close votes tagged with [xcode], it would be nice to see exactly how many items are left - and see a reduction when I cast that fifth vote on an item.
It would also make the big number on the /review page seem less huge. I could say, 'Hey! Only 445 Xcode items left! That's down from yesterday! I can make a difference!'
Ultimately, Stack Exchange operates on people wanting to help. If we can show people (or at least make them think) that they are making a difference, they will want to help more. Simple.


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Publication date
|Feb 13, 1973
|Filing date
|Mar 26, 1970
|Priority date
|Mar 26, 1970
|Publication number
|K Fujimoto, S Kitamura, T Mizutani, Y Okuno, N Taya
|Original Assignee
|Sumitomo Chemical Co
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (15), Classifications (15)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
United States Patent n91 Taya et al.
[ 1 Feb. 13, 1973 [54] 4,5-TETRAMETHYLENE FURFURYL AND 4,5-TETRAMETHYLENE-3- FURYLMETHYL CHRYSANTHEMATES [75] Inventors: Nobushige Taya, Minoo; Toshio Mizutani, Hirakata; Shigeyoshi Kitamura; Yositosi Okuno, both of Toyonaka; Keimei Fujimoto, Kobe, all of Japan {73] Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Company, Ltd.,
Osaka, Japan [22] Filed: March 26, 1970 [21] Appl.No.: 22,995
[52] U.S. Cl. ..260/346.2 R, 260/327 B, 424/285 [51] Int. Cl. ..C07d 5/36 [58] Field of Search ..260/346.2
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,465,007 9/1969 Elliot "260/347A 3,567,740 3/l97l Matsuiet al ..260/347.4
Primary ExaminerAlex Mazel Assistant Examiner-Bernard Dentz Attorney-Stevens, Davis, Miller & Mosher ABSTRACT Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid esters represented by the formula,
5 Claims, No Drawings 4,5-TETRAMETHYLENE FURFURYL AND 4,5-
TETRAMETHYLENE-3-FURYLMETHYL CHRYSANTHEMATES The present invention relates to novel cyclopropanecarboxylic acid esters and a process for producing the novel carboxylic acid esters. Further, the invention relates to novel furfuryl alcohols which may be used as starting materials for producing said esters and a process for producing the novel furfuryl alcohols. Further, the invention pertains to insecticidal compositions containing said esters as an active ingredient.
Among the insecticides used at present time, nothing can compare with pyrethrum extracts including pyrethrin or synthetic allethrin which is a homologue thereof, in the fact that it can be used without anxiety due to its harmlessness to mammals and cattles in spite of its immediate effect. However, the pyrethrum extract and homologue thereof are relatively expensive, and are rather limited in the use despite of their excellent usefulness.
After studying to obtain new effective esters, the inventors have found a new type ester which is remarkably excellent in insecticidal activity as compared C\ R2 C H:
wherein R 1 represents hydrogen or methyl; R represents methyl, 2methyl-l-propenyl or Z-methoxycarbonyl-l-propenyl when R, is hydrogen and R represents methyl when R is is methyl; R represents hydrogen or methyl; and R represents lower alkylene containing or not containing an oxygen or sulfur atom in its carbon chain.
It will be appreciated that the novel ester of formula (1) includes naturally optically active isomers which occur due to the asymmetric carbon atom possibly present in the carboxylic acid moiety such as d-transchrysanthemum-monocarboxylic residue.
Among the esters represented by the formula (I), the especially useful ones that are not limitative in the with the above pyrethrin and its homologue and is present invention, are enumerated as follows:
Compound No. Structure 1 C n no 1.5058
/0H3 & --Cll -0CCl -CHCH=C 7 O CH1 CH3 CH 4, B-tntramothylmmlurluryl chrysanthenmtc.
2 CH lln "n 1-5075 n m (H (n CH2 (lllg ,E 0 cm CH3 4, fi-totramcthylcnc-{i-lurylntcth yl chrysanthemate.
3 c t 0 112 no 1.5042
-CIIa r i g CH;-OCCHOHCH=C O C CH:
CH CH 3mnthyl-4, fi-tctramethylenofurfuryl chrysanthemate.
.6 cuwoc -CIICIICH=C I 1 n ("2 I (H' U (11h 0 on CH ",0 K 3 2-mvth \'l-t. fi-totrumothyleno-3-lurylmetl1yl chr \'santhemate.
5 ll; m 1.501;
(ll l I I l t nt ,I ll
ll -0(CHL lht \0 U L Cll; vii, (H
l.lfi-tvtlr:timothylvuvfurluryl 2. J, 3, 3-!vtraluvtllylcyclopropanecarmxy :1 0.
(i U: /Cll: 11!)16034 mu lf T1"" l l l v11: ll II AC CH1 o (in CH;
3, S-tctrameth yieyclopro- The ester of formula (I) has an excellent activity for killing insects such as houseflies, mosquitoes, cockroaches and the like, and can be used as insecticidal compositions not only in a wide scope of the prevention of epidemics but also controlling insects injurious to stored cereals, agriculture, especially crops before harvest, household horticulture, green-house cultivation and food-packaging, without anxiety due to its low toxicity.
The ester of formula (I) is prepared for the first time by the present inventors, and is obtained easily and in good yield, for example, by the method comprising reacting a furan derivative represented by the formula,
4 CHzA wherein R, and R are same as defined above, or its reactive derivatives, in the presence of suitable reaction-auxiliary agent, if necessary.
The furan derivative of formula (II) used in the method of the present invention is selected in such a relation of the other reactant, cyclopropanecarboxylic acid and its reactive derivatives of formula (III) as to enable it to be subjected to esterification. The reactive derivatives of the carhoxylic acid of formula (III) means corresponding acid halide, acid anhydride, loweralkyl ester or salt. The following disclosure will explain more particularly the method of the preparation of the cyclopropanecarboxylic acid ester of formula (I) according to the present invention.
The first embodiment of the method is to obtain the objective ester by reacting as the furan derivative an alcohol of the formula,
CH2OH R4 wherein R and R are as defined above, with the cyclopropanecarboxylic acid of formula (III), acid halide, acid anhydride or lower alkyl ester thereof. When the acid itself is used, the reaction is completed under the condition of dehydration. Thus, the reaction may be carried out in an inert solvent such as benzene, petroleum ether, containing a dehydrating agent such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide with or without heating.
When the acid halide is used, the reaction is effected well at room temperature in the presence of an organic tertiary amine such as pyridine, triethylamine and the like as a de-hydrogen halide agent. The acid halide used may be any ones, but acid chloride is usually used. In the reaction, the use of solvents is preferable to allow the reaction to proceed smoothly, and an inert solvent such as benzene, toluene and petroleum benzine is preferably used.
When the acid anhydride is used as the reactant, the reaction can proceed without any reaction-auxiliary agent well at room temperature to form the objective ester of formula (I). The warming of the reaction (III) system and the use of solvents are favorable for allowing reactionto proceed smoothly, but they are not always indispensable.
When the lower alkyl ester is used as the reactant, the reaction is completed in the presence of a basic catalyst such as sodium alkoxide under heating condition, and proceeds smoothly by the use of an inert solvent such as benzene, toluene and the like. The preferable lower alkyl esters used in the present method include methyl ester, ethyl ester, n-propyl ester, iso-propyl ester and n-butyl ester of the cyclopropanecarboxylic acid of formula (III The second embodiment of the process according to the present invention is to prepare the objective ester of formula (I) from furylmethyl halides of the formula,
wherein X is a halogen atom, and R and R, are as defined above. The another reactant is the salts of the carboxylic acid of formula (III) with alkali metals or tertiary amines, which salts may be formed in the reaction by adding the corresponding bases forming such salts to the reaction mixture. The reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of an inert solvent such as benzene, acetone and the like at a temperature of the boiling point of the solvents or lower for allowing the reaction to proceed. Among the halogen atoms represented by X in formula (V), chlorine or bromine atom is, in general, common, but other halogen atoms may be selected optionally.
The third embodiment of the method according to the present invention is to obtain the objective ester of formula (I) from furylmethyl-tosylates of the formula,
. H t mcHz0 s -cm 4 a wherein R and R,, are as defined above.
In this case, the another reactant is the same as used in the second embodiment, and the reaction condition is also same as that used therein.
The cyclopropanecarboxylic acid of formula (III) used as the reactant according to the present invention can be prepared by already known process, and, if necessary, may be converted to each of the reactive derivatives according to well known method.
It well be appreciated that the carboxylic acids of formula (III) and its derivatives may include optically active isomers such as d-trans-chrysanthemic acid and reactive derivatives thereof.
The furan derivatives of the formula (IV) are novel compounds and therefore the present invention is also relates to the furan derivatives of formula (IV) and to a process for the production thereof.
Firstly, a process for producing furfuryl alcohols having the formula,
CHzOH 0 (VII) (XII) I) In the above equation, R is as defined above and R, R and R' are lower alkyl groups. The synthesis course of this invention is briefly explained below.
a-Hydroxymethyleneketone (lX) is obtained by formylating the methyleneketone (Vlll) according to the ordinary formylation, that is, by reacting the ketone (VIII) with a lower alkyl ester of formic acid in the presence of a base as a condensing agent widely used in the Claisen reaction such as an alkali metal alkoxide, an alkali metal hydride or an alkali metal sand in an anhydrous organic solvent free from active carbonyl, such as, for example, an inert organic solvent such as ether, benzene, etc. and a polar organic solvent such as alcohol, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, etc.
Secondly, the enol ether (X) can be produced by the ordinary esterification procedure in a neutral or basic medium. The esterification procedure comprises either reacting the ketone (IX) with an alkylating agent such as dimethyl sulfate, methyl iodide, etc. in the presence of an alkali metal alkoxide or reacting the ketone (IX) with diazomethane. However, the most suitably utilizable procedure is to react the ketone (IX) with a lower alkyl orthoformate in the presence of a catalytic amount of an acid in a lower alcohol. An example thereof is disclosed in E. Earl Royals et al.s article, J. Am. Chem. Soc., Vol. 75, page 2050.
The enol ether (X) thus obtained is then reacted with an equimolar or more amount of a diazoacetate in the presence of a catalyst such as anhydrous copper sulfate desirably at a temperature" within the range from 100 to 200 C. It is assumed that the compound (Xl) is once formed by the above reaction. The reaction mixture is then thermally decomposed into the furancarboxylic acid ester (Xll) in the presence or absence of a catalytic amount of an acid such as p-toluenesulfonic acid at a temperature up to 200 C.
The ester (Xll) is then easily converted into the furfuryl alcohol (Vll) by use ofa hydrogenated aluminum compound such as lithium aluminum hydride, in an ether solvent such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, etc. The furfuryl alcohol (Vll) thus obtained is a comparatively stable compound and can be purified by distillation.
0 following course of synthesis.
Secondly, a process for producing 3-furylmethyl alcohols having the formula,
wherein R and R are as defined above, comprises the In the above equations, R R and R are as defined above.
in the preparation of insecticidal compositions, the
new esters of formula (I) may be formulated into any 5 methylenedioxyphenyl)-5-methyl-l ,3-dioxane (referred to as sulfroxane), N-(2-ethylhexyl)- bicyclo[2,2,l 1hepta-S-ene-2,3-dicarboximide (hereinafter referred to as MGK-264," registered trade name for said imide produced by McRolin Gormley King Co.), N-(4-pentynyl)-phthalimide or n-propyl- O-propargylphenyl phosphonate (hereinafter referred to NIA-l6388). When the present compounds are formulated into mosquito coils, the activity can be increased by incorporation of a known additive therefor,
such as terephthaiic or isophthalic acid and butylhydroxy-toluene (referred to as BHT). In addition, the present compounds may be formulated into multipurpose compositions by incorporating other active ingredients such as pyrethroids, for example, pyrethrum 7 extracts, allethrin, 3,4,5 ,6- tetrahydrophthalimidomethyl chrysanthemate (hereinafter referred to as tetramethrin"), 5-benzyl-3- furylmethyl chrysanthemate; organic chloride insecticides, for example, dichlorodiphenyl-trichloromethane (referred to =as DDT" benzene hexachloride (referred to as BHC) and methoxychlor; organophosphorus insecticides, for example, 0.0- dimethyl--(3-metyl-4-nitrophenyl) phosphorothioate (hereinafter referred to as fenitrothion), 0.0- dimethyl-0-(2,2-dichlorovinyl) phosphate (referred to as DDVP); carbamate type insecticides, for example, l-naphthyl-N-methylcarbamate and 3,4-xylyl-N- methylcarbamate; or other insecticides, fungicides, acaricides, herbicides, fertilizers or other agricultural chemicals.
The present invention will be more particularly illustrated by the following Examples which should not restrict the invention defined in the attached claims.
EXAMPLES l to9 Production of the esters represented by the formula (l) The esters shown in Table l were produced by standard processes each represented by A, B, C, D, E and F as follows:
Process A A reaction of an alcohol with a carboxylic acid halide.
0.05 Mol of an alcohol was dissolved in three times the volume of dry benzene. 0.07 Mol of pyridine was added to the solution. On the other hand, 0.053 mol of a carboxylic acid ester was dissolved in three times the volume of dry benzene. The solution thus obtained was added at a time to the above-mentioned solution, whereupon an exothermic reaction occurred. After the solution had been allowed to stand overnight in a tightly sealed vessel, a small amount of water was added to dissolve pyridine hydrochloride precipitated. The aqueous layer was separated and the organic layer was then washed with percent aqueous hydrochloric acid, a saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate and a saturated aqueous salt solution successively. After the organic layer had been dried on anhydrous sodium sulfate, the benzene was removed by distillation. The remaining liquid was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain the final product in the form of a light yellow oil.
Process B A reaction (dehydration) between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid.
A solution of 0.05 mol of an alcohol in three times the volume of benzene was mixed with a solution of 0.05 mol of a carboxylic acid in three times the volume of benzene. 0.08 Mol of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide was added thereto. After the mixture had been allowed to stand overnight in a tightly sealed vessel, the mixture was refluxed for two hours to complete the reaction. The same after-treatment as in the standard operational method A was then carried out to obtain the final product. ProcessC A reaction of an alcohol with a carboxylic acid anhydride.
0.05 Mol of an alcohol was dissolved in three times the volume of toluene. 0.055 Mol of a carboxylic acid anhydride synthesized from the corresponding carboxylic acid and acetic anhydride was added thereto. The mixture was then reacted for three hours at C. The reaction mixture was cooled and a 10 percent aqueous solution os sodium hydroxide was added at a temperature of 10 C or less to neutralize the mixture. Excess of the acid anhydride and the carboxylic acid formed by the reaction were recovered in the form of sodium salt. The after-treatment of the organic layer was then carried out in the same manner as in the standard operational method A to obtain the desired ester.
Process D A transesterification between an alcohol and a lower alkyl carboxylate.
0.05 Mol of an alcohol and 0.06 mol of an ethyl carboxylate were dissolved in five time the volume of dry toluene. 2 Grams of sodium ethoxide was added. The mixture was then refluxed with well stirring for 10 hours to complete the reaction. Cold water was carefully added and the mixture was separated into an aqueous layer and an organic layer. The after-treatment was then carried out in the same manner as in the standard operational method A to obtain the final product.
Process E A reaction of a methyl halide compound with a carboxylic acid.
0.05 Mol ofa methyl halide compound and 0.06 mol of a carboxylic acid were dissolved in three times the volume of acetone. The solution was warmed at 15 to 20 C. A solution of 0.08 mol of triethylamine in three times the volume of acetone was dropped into the above solution with stirring in l hour. The mixture was then refluxed for two hours to complete the reaction. After the reaction mixture had been cooled, the triethylamine hydrochloride separated was filtered off and the acetone was removed from the filtrate by distillation. Three times the volume of benzene was added to the remaining liquid and the after-treatment of the -liquid was carried out in the same manner as in the standard operational method A to obtain the desired ester.
Process F A reaction of the tosylate of an alcohol with a carboxylate.
0.05 Mol of a tosylate was dissolved in three times the volume of acetone. 0.06 M01 of sodium carboxylate, synthesized by reacting the corresponding carbox- 4 ylic acid with an equimolar amount of sodium hydroxide in water and distilling off the water and evaporating the residue to dryness, was added at room temperature with well stirring in 30 minutes. The mixture was then refluxed for 30 minutes to complete the reaction. After the mixture had been cooled, the solid matter separated was removed by filtration and the acetone was removed from the filtrate by distillation. The residue was dissolved in three times the volume of benzene. The after-treatment of the solution was then carried out in the same manner as in the standard operational method A to obtain the final product.
The results obtained by carrying out the above-mentioned standard operational methods are shown in the following Table l.
TABLE 1 Cyclopropnnocni'boxylato cstcr obtained Elementary analysis. percent Method Rolruc- Found Cnlcd Example of pro- Yield, tivo No. Furan derivative Acid or its derivative duction Name of compound percent index C 11 ll 1 2-chlnromothy1-4,5- (;l=)-cis-trnr1s-chrysan- E 4,5-tctrumothyleneluryl 00 1.5058 75.3 8.8 75.5 .7
tetramethyleneturan. thicmuiri-monocnrboxchrysthomato. (as 0191116013) y c ac 2 3-hydroxymethyl-4,5- (;1=)-cis-trans-chrysan- C 4,5-tctramothylcne-3- 85 1.5075 75.2 8.7 75.5 8.7
tetramcthylenefuran. themum-monocarboxfuryl-methyl chrysan- (as 01911 710) ylic acid anhydride. themate.
3 3-methyl-4,5-totra- (il-cis'trans-chrysan- A 3-methyl-4,5-tetra- 87 1.5042 75.7 9.2 75.9 8.0
methylene furluryl thomum-monocarmothylenelurfuryl (as 0 112 0 alcohol. boxylic acid chlorldo. chrysanthemate.
4 2-methyl-3-hydroxy- (:|=)-cis-trans-chrysan- 2-methyl-4,5-tctramcthyl- 83 1.5066 75.7 9.2 75.9 8. fl
methyl-4,5-tetramcthylthcmuni-monocarboxyllc onc-ii-furylmcthyl (as (31 11 03) oneiuran. acid chloride. chrysanthcmato.
5 4,5-tetmmothyloncfurfuryl 2,2,3,3-tctramothylcyclo- B 4,5-tctramcthylencfur- 87 1.5014 73.8 8.11 73.9 3.8
alcohol. propanocal'boxylic acid. luryl2,2,3,3-tetran1cthyl- (as 01111 0 pytclopropanecarboxy- 6 3-tosyloxymcthyl-4,5- Sodium 2,2,3,3-tctra- 1 4',5'-tetramcthy1cnc-3- 83 1.5034 73.5 .).1 73.1) 8.8
tctramethylenefurnn. mcthylcyclopropancfurylrnethyl 2,2 3,3- (as 1111 .03)
cnrboxylate. tctrametliylcyciopropanecarboxglate.
7 4,5-tetramethylenefur- Ethyl 2,2,3-trimethyll) 4,5-tetramet ylenefur- 84 1.5031 72.8 8.8 73.3 8.5
furyl alcohol. cyclopropanecarfury12,2,3-trimcthyl- (as OnHno boxylatc. cyolopropanecarboxylate.
8 4,5-tetramethylene1ur- (=h)-trans--trans- A 4,5-tctramcthyleneiur- 91 1.5166 69.2 7.8 69.3 7.6
furyl alcohol. pyrothrlc acid chloride. furyl pyrcthratc. (as 020112505) 1). 3-hydroxymethyl-4,5- (=h)-trans--trans- I! 4,5-tctra1ncthylonc-3- 67 1.5100 68.9 7.8 69.3 7. 6
totramethyloncfuran. pyrothric acid. furylmcthyl pyrothrutc. (as 010111505) 10 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-5-oxn- (5:)-cis-trims-cln'ysanthc- 4,5,6,7-Lotrahydro-5-0Xn- 413 1.5127 701 7.1! 71.0 8.0
bonzofuryl-2-mothyl mum-inonocurboxylic honzo1uryl-2-mctlwl (as 15112.07) alcohol. acid chloride. ohrysanthcmato.
l1 4,5,6,7-totrahydro-5-oxn- 2,2,15,3-totrainotl1ylcyclo- A 4,5,6,7-tcLrahydro-5- 1H 1.5083 68.1 7.11 6 .1.1) 7. 9
bcnzoluryl-iZ-mothyl propane cmhoxylic acid oxa-hcnzoiuryl2- (as lnllggoq) alcohol. chloride. methyl 2,2,15,3-tctrn- 1ncthylcyelopropanccnrlioxylntc.
1'2 4,5,6,7-tctrahydro-6-oxa- (:i;)-ols-l.rnus-ohi'ysnnthu- A 4,5,11,7-tctraliydro-fi-oxa- J4 1.51321 7L1 7.x 71.1) 8.0
bonzol'uryl-Z-rncthyl mum-mouocarboxylic lionzoluryl-2-mothyl (as 0 11 .70 alcohol. 7 acid chloride. ('llrysnnthemato.
rhe'"'r'oiiwifig Examples 13-16 illustrate the production of the novel furancarboxylates and furfuryl alcohols according to the present invention.
EXAMPLE 13 The mixture of 71 grams of a-ethoxymethylenecyclohexanone and 148 grams of ethyl diazoacetate was dropped into a flask warmed at 120 C containing a catalytic amount of a hydrous copper sulfate and liquid paraffin in a nitrogen stream. The temperature was increased to 160 C by heat generated as a result of the reaction. This temperature was maintained during the dropping. After the dropping had been completed, the light brown liquid was filtered to remove copper sulfate. Then, the liquid was distilled by use of a high vacuum pump at 0.1 mmHg to recover fractions up to 130 C. A catalytic amount of p-toluenesulfonic acid was added to the fractions, which were then rectified. Thus, as the forerunning fraction 18 grams of ethyl 3,4- tetramethyl-ene-Z-furancarboxylate was obtained at a boiling point of 788 1 C/0.l mmHg, and crystallized, mLp. 56 to 57 C and an IR. $12, of 1715, 1607 and 1540 cm", and, 22 grams of the objective ethyl 4,5- tetramethylene-2-furancarboxylate was obtained at a boiling point of 8l-82 00.1 mmHg, LR. 53;; 1730, 1615 and 1538 cm.
EXAMPLE 14 15 Gram of lithium aluminum hydride was added to 200 ml. of dry ether. into the mixture a solution of 18 grams of the ester obtained in Example 13 in 50 ml. of dry ether was dropped.
After the dropping had been completed, the mixture was dropped into the mixture of 50 ml.-of a saturated Rochelle salt solution and 20 ml. of ice water to decompose the aluminum complex. The product was extracted with ether, washed with a saturated salt water and dried on Glaubers salt. After the solvent had been distilled off, 12.7 grams of 4,5-tetramethylene-2-furfuryl alcohol was obtained by distillation. The product had a boiling point of 82 C/0.3 nlrnHg, a refractive index of 1.5235 and an IR. of 3600-3100, 1560,1443, 998 and 915 cm".
EXAMPLE 15 Similarly as in Example 13, 30 grams of a-ethoxymethylene-4-oxa-cyclohexanone was reacted with 50 grams of methyl diazoacetate. Thus obtained black brown liquid was chromatographed on 2 cm X 30 cm alumina column and eluted with the mixed solvent of hexane l0 ethylacetate 1. After evaporation of solvent, main fraction gave a crystalline solid and which was recrystallized from ether-hexane. 6 Grams of methyl 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-5-oxa-benzofuran-2-carboxylate was obtained and melted at 4547 C. IR. 1720, 1622 and 1537 cm".
EXAMPLE 16 11 EXAMPLE 17 0.05 Part of each of the compounds (l) and (2) according to the present invention was dissolved in white kerosene and the whole was made up to 100 parts. Thus, 0.05 percent oil solutions were obtained.
EXAMPLE 18 0.1 Part of each of the compounds (3), (4), (5) and (6) according to the present invention was dissolved in white kerosene. The whole was made up to 100 parts. Thus, 0.1 percent oil solutions were obtained.
EXAMPLE 19 0.05 Part of phthalthrin and 0.5 part of sulfoxide were added to 0.05 part of the compound (1) according to the present invention. The mixture was dissolved in white kerosene and the whole was made up to 100 parts. Thus, an oil solution was obtained.
EXAMPLE 20 obtain an oil solution.
EXAMPLE 22 Thirty Parts of safroxane, parts of Sorpol SM-200 (Registered trade mark of Toho Kagaku Co.) and 50 parts of xylene were added to 10 parts of each of the compounds (1) and (2). The whole was then well stirred to form a solution. Thus, emulsitiable concentrates were obtained.
EXAMPLE 23 0.6 Gram ofeach of the compound l) in the form of d-trans compound and the compound (5) according to the present invention was dissolved in 20 ml. of methanol. The solution was intimately mixed with 99.4 grams of a carrier for mosquito coil, obtained by mixing tabu powder, mare and wood powder in a ratio of 3:5: 1, with uniform mixing. After the methanol had been evaporated, 150 ml. of water was added. The whole was then well kneaded, formed and dried. Thus, 0.6% mosquito coils were obtained.
EXAMPLE 24 0.2 Part of the compound (1) according to the present invention, 1.0 part of pyrethrum extract containing 20 percent of pyrethrin, 0.5 part of Sumithion, 6.5 parts of xylene and 6.8 parts of deodorized kerosene were mixed and dissolved. The solution was charged into an aerosol container. After a valve part had been installed, 85 parts of a propellant (liquefied petroleum gas) was charged into the container through said valve part. Thus, an aerosol was obtained.
EXAMPLE 25 0.25 Part of the compound (2) according to the present invention, 0.25 part of chrysron, 13.5 parts of deodorized kerosene, 1 part of an emulsifying agent, Atmos 300 (Registered trade mark of Atlas Chemical Industries Inc.) were mixed. 50 Parts of pure water was added and the whole was then emulsified. The emulsion was charged into an aerosol. container together with 35 parts of a 3:1 mixture of deodorized butane and deodorized propane. Thus, a water-based aerosol was obtained.
EXAMPLE 26 0.2 Part of the compound (5) according to the present invention, 0.2 part of phthalthrin, 2 parts of NlA-i6388, 7 parts of xylene and 5.6 parts of deodorized kerosene were mixed and dissolved. The same treatment as in example 24 gave an aerosol.
EXAMPLE 27 To 0.2 gram of the compound (6) according to the present invention 0.1 gram of allethrin was added. The mixture was dissolved in an appropriate amount of chloroform. The solution was uniformly adsorbed on the surface of an asbestos sheet 2.5 cm X 1.5 cm X 0.3 mm (thickness) on which another asbestos sheet of the same size was stuck. Thus, an fumigating insecticidal composition on a fibrous carrier to be electrically heated was obtained. The fibrous carrier may be not only said asbestos sheet but also any other material having a similar effect such as a pulp sheet.
EXAMPLE 28 One part of each of the compounds (1) and (2) according to the present invention was dissolved in 20 parts of acetone. To the solution 99 parts of 300 mesh kieselguhr was added. The whole was thoroughly mixed stirring in a kneading machine. The acetone was then evaporated to obtain a dust product.
EXAMPLE 29 v To 5 parts of the compound (1) according to the present invention there were added 15 parts of piperonylbutoxide and then 5 parts of Toyolignin CT (Registered trade mark of Toyo Boseki KK.) and 75 parts of GSM Clay (Registered trade mark of Jikuraito Kogyo K.K.). The whole was thoroughly mixed with stirring in a kneading machine. To the mixture 10 per-- cent of water was added and the whole was further stirred. The mixture was formed into granules by a granulating machine, and then air-dried to obtain a granule product.
EXAMPLE 30 Twenty-five Parts of the compound (1) according to the present invention was well mixed with 5 parts of Sorpol SM200. To the mixture parts of 300 mesh talc was then added. The whole was then thoroughly mixed with stirring in a kneading machine to obtain a wettable powder.
The insecticidal effect of the compositions of the present invention thus obtained is illustrated by the following test examples.
TEST EXAMPLE 1 The insecticidal activity of eachof the oil solutions obtained in Examples l7, l8 and 20 was determined by Campbells turn table method [Soap and Sanitary Chemicals, Vol. 14, No. 6, page 119 (1938)] using about 100 housefly adults as a group. The flies were exposed to the downward spray of ml. of each oil solution for minutes. The flies were then taken out, fed
and allowed to stand in a thermostat at 27 C. After 24 hours their death was observed and the mortalities were calculated. The results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Example Mortality No. Composition (1(1) 17 (Oil Containing 0.05% of the compound (1) soluof the present invention 95 tion) Containing 0.05% of the compound (2) of the present invention 97 18 (Oil Containing 0.1% of the compound (3) soluof the present invention 84 tion) Containing 0.1% of the compound (4) of the present invention 88 Containing 0.1% of the compound (5) of the present invention 82 Containing 0.1% of the compound (6) of the present invention 85 20 (Oil Containing 0.1% of the compound (3) soluof the present invention and 0.5% of 98 tion) piperonylbutoxide Containing 0.1% of the compound (4) of the present invention and 0.5% of 95 piperonylbutoxide Containing 0.1% of the Compound (5) of the present invention and 0.5% of 96 piperonylbutoxide Containing 0.1% of the compound (6) of the present invention and 0.5% of 100 piperonylbutoxide Containing 0.1% of allethrin oil solution 54 Containing 0.1% of pyrethrin oil solution 79 TEST EXAMPLE 2 About 50 housefly adults were released in a glass box of (70 cm and 0.7 ml. of each of the oil solutions obtained in Examples 19 and 21 was sprayed by a glass atomizer at a pressure of 20 pounds/inf. Within 10 minutes 90 percent or more of the flies were knocked down. Further, 90 percent or more of the knocked down insects were killed on the next day.
TEST EXAMPLE 3 About 50 northern house mosquito adults were released in a glass box of (70 cm and 1 gram of each of the mosquitocoils obtained in Example 23 which had been ignited at its both ends was placed at the central part of the bottom in the glass box. The knockdown effect to the mosquitoes was observed in relation to the lapse of time. Within 20 minutes 80 percent or more of the insects were knocked down in case of any one of the mosquito coils.
TEST EXAMPLE 4 The insecticidal activity of each of the aerosols obtained in Examples 24, 25 and 26 against housefly adults was determined by the aerosol testing method using Peet-gradys chamber [as described in Soap and Chemical Specialities Blue Book (1965)"1. The results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 Amount Mor- Composition sprayed Knock-down tal- (g/1000 ity ft) 5 Min. 10 Min. 15 Min.
Aerosol of 2.8 22' 67 92 85 Example 24 Water-based aerosol of 3.2 14 58 90 81 Example 25 Aerosol of 3.1 25 96 90 Example 26 i TEST EXAMPLE 5 About 50 northern house mosquito adults were released in a glass box of (70 cm). The hot fumigating composition of the present invention was placed on an electric heating plate to heat and fumigate it. Within 20 minutes 90 percent or more of the insects were knocked down.
TEST EXAMPLE 6 The wall of a deep glass Petri dish having an inside diameter of 14 cm and a height of 7 cm except about 1 cm from the bottom was coated with butter. Each of the dusts obtained in Example 28 was uniformly spreaded on the bottom surface of the dish at a rate of 2 glm Ten German cockroach adults were released in the dish and contacted with the dust for 20 minutes. In all cases, after one day percent or more of the cockroaches were knocked down, and after three days percent or more of the insects were killed.
TEST EXAMPLE 7 Ten Liters of water was entered into a 14 liter polyethylene bucket, into which 3 grams of the granules obtained in Example 29 was thrown. After one day about 100 larvae (last instar) of northern house mosquitoes were released in the bucket, and the death of the insects was observed. Within 24 hours 90 percent or more of the larvae were killed.
TEST EXAMPLE 8 To a 1/50,000 Wagner pot a rice plant which had grown for 45 days after seeding was transplanted. A liquid obtained by diluting each of the emulsifiable concentrates of Example 22 with water to 200 times the volume and a liquid obtained by diluting the wettable powder of Example 30 with water to 300 times the volume were sprayed at a rate of 10 ml. per pot. The rice plant was covered by a wire gauze. About 50 green rice leaf-hopper adults were released in the enclosure. After one day 80 percent or more of the insects were killed.
What we claim is:
l. A compound of the formula,
wherein R is hydrogen or methyl.
2. 4,5-Tetramcthylenefurfuryl chrysanthemate.
3. 4,5-Tetramethylene-3-furylmethyl chrysanthcmate.
4. 3-Methyl-4,S-tetramethylenefurfuryl chrysanthcmate.
5. 2-Methyl-4,5-tetramethylene-3-furylmcthyl chrysanthemate.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Dec 5, 1966
|Sep 2, 1969
|Nat Res Dev
|Insecticidal esters of chrysanthemic and pyrethric acids
|Aug 21, 1967
|Mar 2, 1971
|Sumitomo Chemical Co
|Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid esters
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Dec 3, 1973
|Mar 25, 1975
|Procter & Gamble
|Insecticidal esters of chrysanthemic acid and alcohols related to 3-hydroxymethylbenzofuran
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|Method and apparatus for providing long term protection from intrusion by insects and other cold blooded animals
|Jul 13, 1999
|Oct 12, 2004
|Battelle Memorial Institute K1-53
|Multi-layer barrier preventing wood pest access to wooden structures
|Dec 20, 1996
|Feb 8, 2005
|Battelle Memorial Institute K1-53
|Method and device for protection of wooden objects proximate soil from pest invasion
|Jul 13, 2004
|Feb 26, 2008
|Battelle Memorial Institute K1-53
|Multi-layer barrier preventing wood pest access to wooden structures
|Dec 3, 2001
|Dec 19, 2002
|Voris Peter Van
|Barrier preventing wood pest access to wooden structures
|Jul 2, 2004
|Dec 9, 2004
|Voris Peter Van
|Multi-layer barrier preventing wood pest access to wooden structures
|Jul 13, 2004
|Dec 9, 2004
|Voris Peter Van
|Multi-layer barrier preventing wood pest access to wooden structures
|Feb 2, 2006
|Sep 14, 2006
|Voris Peter V
|Barrier preventing wood pest access to wooden structures
|U.S. Classification
|549/471, 549/465, 549/23, 549/57, 549/342, 549/468, 549/464, 549/334, 549/466
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification


text:
Achieve your ideal hairstyle with this cordless straightener by Conair. This compact, travel-size unit has ceramic plates and a cordless design to assist you in getting that perfect look. The straightener comes with an instruction manual, a protective cover and butane cartridges for powering it.
Number of Pieces: 2
Used For: Straightening, Hair Styling
For Use On: Hair
Hair Type: All Hair Types
Barrel Size: 3/4"
Features: High Heat, Ceramic Plates, Cordless
Material: Ceramic
Heat Maximum: 419 Degrees Fahrenheit
Heating Time: 4
Number of Heat Settings: 1
Power Source: Battery-powered
Care and Cleaning: Wipe Clean with a Damp Cloth
Includes: Butane cartridges, Instruction manual, Protective cover
Travel Size: Yes
Warranty Description: 4 Year Limited Manufacturer Warranty
Battery: no battery used:
Plate Size: 3/4"
other Info.
Warranty Information
To obtain a copy of the manufacturer's warranty for this item, please call Target Guest Services at 1-800-591-3869.
- Online Item #: 13774127
- Store Item Number (DPCI): 063-09-0515
- Item can be gift wrapped.
- Imported


text: Besides great grub, fun holiday fetes, and pretty presents, the holidays are the perfect time for crafting with your family. Making crafts together can teach your tot the significance of holidays while boosting creativity and budding art skills. So roll up your sleeves, take out some art supplies, and get ready to get crafty with these ideas straight from WTE members.