text:
|Western United States, Mexico
|Linguistic classification:
Pre-contact distribution of Northern Uto-Aztecan languages (note: this map does not show the total distribution in Mexico).
Uto-Aztecan or Uto-Aztekan /ˈjuːtoʊ.æzˈtɛkən/ is a Native American language family consisting of over 30 languages. Uto-Aztecan languages are found almost entirely in the Western United States and Mexico. The name of the language family was created to show that it includes both the Ute language of Utah (also named for the Ute people) and the Aztecan languages of Mexico.
Classical Nahuatl, the language of the Aztecs, and its modern relatives are part of the Uto-Aztecan family. The Pipil language, an offshoot of Nahuatl, spread to Central America by a wave of migration from Mexico, and formerly had many speakers there. Now it has gone extinct in Guatemala and Honduras, and it is nearly extinct in western El Salvador, all areas dominated by use of Spanish.
- 1 Proto-language and Uto-Aztecan homeland
- 2 Geographic distribution
- 3 Classification of Uto-Aztecan languages
- 4 The proto–Uto-Aztecan language
- 5 Notes
- 6 Bibliography
- 7 Further reading
- 8 Grammars or linguistic researches for individual languages and Uto-Aztecan groupings
- 9 External links
Proto-language and Uto-Aztecan homeland[edit]
The Proto–Uto-Aztecan language is the hypothetical common ancestor of the Uto-Aztecan languages. Authorities on the history of the language group have usually placed the Proto-Uto-Aztecan homeland in the border region between the USA and Mexico, namely the upland regions of Arizona and New Mexico and the adjacent areas of the Mexican states of Sonora and Chihuaua, roughly corresponding to the Sonoran Desert and the western part of the Chihuahuan Desert. The proto-language would have been spoken by Mesolithic foragers in Aridoamerica, about 5,000 years ago.
The homeland of the Numic languages has been placed in Southern California near Death Valley, and the homeland of the proposed Southern Uto-Aztecan group has been placed on the coast of Sonora.[2]
A contrary proposal, that suggests the homeland of Proto-Uto-Aztecan to have been much further to the south, was published in 2001 by Jane H. Hill, based on her reconstruction of maize-related vocabulary in Proto-Uto-Aztecan. By her theory, the assumed speakers of Proto-Uto-Aztecan were maize cultivators in Mesoamerica, who gradually moved north, bringing maize cultivation with them, during the period of roughly 4,500 to 3,000 years ago. The geographic diffusion of speakers corresponded to the breakup of linguistic unity.[3][4]
This hypothesis has been criticized on several grounds, and it is not generally accepted by Uto-Aztecanists.[5][6][7][8][9] A survey of agriculture-related vocabulary by Merrill (2012) found that the agricultural vocabulary can only be reconstructed for Southern Uto-Aztecan. This supports a conclusion that the proto-Utoaztecan speech community did not practice agriculture but only adopted it after entering Mesoamerica from the North.[10]
Geographic distribution[edit]
Uto-Aztecan languages are spoken in the North American mountain ranges and adjacent lowlands of the western United States (in the states of Oregon, Idaho, Montana, Utah, California, Nevada, Arizona) and of Mexico (states of Sonora, Chihuahua, Nayarit, Durango, Zacatecas, Jalisco, Michoacán, Guerrero, San Luis Potosí, Hidalgo, Puebla, Veracruz, Morelos, Estado de México, and the Federal District).
Present-day locations of living Uto-Aztecan languages in Mexico and Mesoamerica[edit]
Classification of Uto-Aztecan languages[edit]
History of classification[edit]
Uto-Aztecan has been accepted by linguists as a language family since the early 1900s, and six subgroups are accepted as valid: Numic, Takic, Pimic, Taracahitic, Corachol, and Aztecan. This leaves two ungrouped languages—Tübatulabal and Hopi (sometimes termed "isolates within the family"). As to higher-level groupings, disagreement has persisted since the 19th century. Presently scholars also disagree as to where to draw language boundaries within dialect continua.
The similarities among the Uto-Aztecan languages were noted as early as 1859 by J.C.E. Buschmann, but he failed to recognize the genetic affiliation between the Aztecan branch and the rest. He ascribed the similarities between the two groups to diffusion. Brinton added the Aztecan languages to the family in 1891 and coined the term Uto-Aztecan. John Wesley Powell, however, rejected the claim in his own classification of North American indigenous languages (also published in 1891). Powell recognized two language families: "Shoshonean" (encompassing Takic, Numic, Hopi, and Tübatulabal) and "Sonoran" (encompassing Pimic, Taracahitan, and Corachol). In the early 1900s Alfred L. Kroeber filled in the picture of the Shoshonean group, while Edward Sapir proved the unity among Aztecan, "Sonoran", and "Shoshonean".
As of about 2000, the most widely accepted view divides the family into "Northern Uto-Aztecan" and "Southern Uto-Aztecan". The former is Powell's "Shoshonean", while the latter is all the rest, i.e., Powell's "Sonoran" plus Aztecan. But since about 1980, there have been dissenters. They reject either both nodes or the Northern node alone.[11][12][13] Although Kaufman recognizes similarities between Corachol and Aztecan, he explains them by diffusion instead of genetic evolution.[14] Most scholars view the breakup of Proto-Uto-Aztecan as a case of the gradual disintegration of a dialect continuum.[15]
Present scheme[edit]
Below is the current most prevalent classification as synthesized from Campbell (1997), Mithun (1999), and Goddard (1999). For most of the individual languages and proposed nodes, links are provided to a selected bibliography of grammars, dictionaries, and linguistic researches. ( † = extinct)
Northern Uto-Aztecan[edit]
- Central Numic languages
- Southern Numic languages
- Western Numic languages
- Serrano–Gabrielino
- Serran
- Gabrielino–Fernandeño †
- Cupan
Southern Uto-Aztecan[edit]
Pimic (Tepiman)
- Pima–Papago[A 28] (Upper Piman)
- Pima Bajo[A 29] (Lower Piman)
- Tepehuán languages (Northern[A 30] and Southern[A 31])
- Tepecano[A 32] †
- Tarahumaran
- Tarahumara[A 33]
- Guarijío[A 34] (Varihio)
- Tubar[A 35] †
- Cahita[A 36] (Yaqui[A 37]–Mayo[A 38]–Cahita)
- Opatan
- Pochutec[A 43] †
- Nahuan[A 44] (Aztecan, Nahua, Nahuatlan)
In addition to the above languages for which linguistic evidence exists, it is suspected that among dozens of now extinct, undocumented or poorly known languages of northern Mexico, many were Uto-Aztecan.[16]
Extinct languages[edit]
Campbell (1997:133-135) lists the following extinct Uto-Aztecan languages of uncertain genetic affiliation from various colonial and academic sources.
- San Nicolás (Nicoleño): spoken in California, thought to be a Takic language.
- Giamina/Omomil:[17] Kroeber (1907) and Lamb (1964) believe Giamina may constitute a separate branch of Northern Uto-Aztecan, although Miller (1983) is uncertain about this. It was spoken in Southern California.
- Vanyume: a Takic language of California
- Acaxee (Aiage): closely related to Tahue, a Cahitan language, linked with Tebaca and Sabaibo.
- Amotomanco (Otomoaco):[18] uncertain classification, possibly Uto-Aztecan. (See Troike (1988) for more details.)
- Cazcan (Caxcan): sometimes considered to be the same as Zacateca, although Miller (1983) would only consider these to be geographical classifications.
- Baciroa: closely connected to Tepahue
- Basopa
- Batuc: possibly an Opata dialect
- Cahuimeto
- Cahuameto: probably belongs with Oguera and Nio
- Chínipa: may be a Tarahumaran language close to Ocoroni, since colonial sources claim the two are mutually intelligible. It may also instead be a local name for a variety of Guarijío.
- Coca: spoken near Lake Chapala.
- Colotlan: a Pimic language closely related to Tepehuan, or Teul and Tepecano
- Comanito: a Taracahitic language closely related to Tahue
- Concho:[19] probably a Taracahitic language (Troike 1988). Subdivisions include Chinarra and Chizo; Toboso is possibly related to Concho as well.
- Conicari: a Taracahitic language closely related to Tahue
- Guachichil: possibly a variant or close relative of Huichol
- Guasave: possibly a Taracahitic language, or may instead be non-Uto-Aztecan language possibly related to Seri due to the speakers' maritime economy (Miller 1983). Dialects include Compopori, Ahome, Vacoregue, and Achire.
- Guazapar (Guasapar): probably a Tarahumara dialect, or it may be more closely related to Guarijío and Chínipa. Guazapar, Jova, Pachera, and Juhine may possibly all be dialects of Tarahumara.
- Guisca (Coisa)
- Hio: possibly a Taracahitic language
- Huite: closely related to Ocoroni, and may be Taracahitic
- Irritila: a Lagunero band
- Jova (Jobal, Ova):[20] most often linked with Opata, although some scholars classify it as a Tarahumara dialect. Miller (1983) considers it to be "probably Taracahitan."
- Jumano; also Humano, Jumana, Xumana, Chouman (from a French source), Zumana, Zuma, Suma, and Yuma. Suma is probably the same language, while Jumano is possibly Uto-Aztecan.
- Lagunero: may be the same as Irritila, and may also be closely related to Zacateco or Huichol.
- Macoyahui: probably related to Cahita.
- Mocorito: a Tahue language, which is Taracahitic.
- Naarinuquia (Themurete?): Uto-Aztecan affiliation is likely, although it may instead be non-Uto-Aztecan language possibly related to Seri due to the speakers' maritime economy (Miller 1983).
- Nacosura: an Opata dialect
- Nio: completely undocumented, although it is perhaps related to Ocoroni.
- Ocoroni: most likely a Taracahitic language, and is reported to be mutually intelligible with Chínipa, and similar to Opata. Related languages may include Huite and Nio.
- Oguera (Ohuera)
- Patarabuey: unknown affiliation (Purépecha region near Lake Chapala, and is possibly a Nahuatl dialect.
- Tahue: may also include Comanito, Mocorito, Tubar, and Zoe. It is possibly a Taracahitic language, and is definitely not Nahuan.
- Tanpachoa:[21] unknown affiliation (Troike 1988), and was once spoken along the Río Grande.
- Tecuexe: speakers were possibly part of a "Mexicano" (Nahua) colony.
- Teco-Tecoxquin: an Aztecan language
- Tecual: closely related to Huichol. According to Sauer (1934:14), the "Xamaca, by another name called Hueitzolme [Huichol], all ... speak the Thequalme language, though they differ in vowels."
- Témori: may be a Tarahumara dialect.
- Tepahue: possibly a Taracahitic language. Closely related languages or dialects include Macoyahui, Conicari, and Baciroa.
- Tepanec: an Aztecan language.
- Teul (Teul-Chichimeca): a Pimic language, possibly of the Tepecano subgroup.
- Toboso: grouped with Concho.
- Topia: perhaps the same as Xixime (Jijime).
- Topiame: possibly a Taracahitic language.
- Totorame: grouped with Cora.
- Xixime (Jijime): possibly a Taracahitic language. Subdivisions are Hine and Hume. Its links with Acaxee are uncertain.
- Zacateco: often considered the same as Acaxee, although this is uncertain. It is possibly related to Huichol, although Miller (1983) leaves it as unclassified.
- Zoe: possibly a Taracahitic language, with Baimena as a subdivision. It is possibly affiliated with Comanito.
The proto–Uto-Aztecan language[edit]
Proto-Uto-Aztecan is reconstructed as having an unusual vowel inventory: *i *a *u *o *ɨ. Langacker (1970) demonstrated that the fifth vowel should be reconstructed as *ɨ as opposed to *e—there had been a long-running dispute over the proper reconstruction.[22][23][24]
*n and *ŋ may have actually been *l and *n, respectively.
- ^ Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Uto-Aztecan". Glottolog 2.2. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
- ^ Campbell 1997, p. 137.
- ^ Hill 2001, [1].
- ^ Hill 2010, [2].
- ^ Kemp et al. 2010, [3].
- ^ Merrill et al. 2010, [4].
- ^ Brown 2010, [5].
- ^ Campbell 2003.
- ^ Campbell & Poser 2008, p. 346-350.
- ^ William L. Merrill. "The Historical Linguistics of Uto-Aztecan Agriculture," Anthropological Linguistics 54.3 (2012): 203-260.
- ^ Goddard 1996, p. 7.
- ^ Miller 1983, p. 118.
- ^ Mithun 1999, p. 539-540.
- ^ Kaufman 2001, [6].
- ^ Mithun 1999.
- ^ Campbell 1997.
- ^ Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Omomil". Glottolog 2.2. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
- ^ Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Amotomanco". Glottolog 2.2. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
- ^ Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Concho". Glottolog 2.2. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
- ^ Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Jova". Glottolog 2.2. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
- ^ Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Tanpachoa". Glottolog 2.2. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
- ^ Langacker 1970, [7].
- ^ Dakin 1996, [8].
- ^ Campbell 1997, p. 136.
- Brown, Cecil H. (2010). "Lack of linguistic support for Proto-Uto-Aztecan at 8900 BP (letter)". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 107 (15): E34. doi:10.1073/pnas.0914859107.
- Campbell, Lyle (1997). American Indian Languages: The Historical Linguistics of Native America. Oxford Universiity Press.
- Campbell, Lyle (2003). "What drives linguistic diversification and language spread?". In Bellwood, Peter; Renfrew, Colin. Examining the farming/language dispersal hypothesis. Cambridge(U.K.): McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research. pp. 49–63.
- Campbell, Lyle; Poser, William J. (2008). Language classification, history and method. Cambridge University Press.
- Dakin, Karen (1996). "Long vowels and morpheme boundaries in Nahuatl and Uto-Aztecan: comments on historical developments". Amerindia 21.
- Goddard, Ives (1996). "Introduction". In Goddard, Ives. Handbook of North American Indians 17. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. pp. 1–16.
- Hill, Jane H. (December 2001). "Proto-Uto-Aztecan". American Anthropologist. New Series, 103 (4).
- Hill, Jane H. (2010). "New evidence for a Mesoamerican homeland for Proto-Uto-Aztecan". PNAS 107 (11): E33. doi:10.1073/pnas.0914473107.
- Kaufman, Terrence (2001). Nawa linguistic prehistory. Mesoamerican Language Documentation Project.
- Kemp, Brian M.; González-Oliver, Angélica; Malhi, Ripan S.; et al. (2010). "Evaluating the farming/language dispersal hypothesis with genetic variation exhibited by populations in the Southwest and Mesoamerica". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 107 (15): 6759–6764. doi:10.1073/pnas.0905753107.
- Langacker, Ronald W. (1970). "The Vowels of Proto Uto-Aztecan". International Journal of American Linguistics 36 (3): 169–180. doi:10.1086/465108.
- Merrill, William L.; Hard, Robert J.; Mabry, Jonathan B.; et al. (2010). "Reply to Hill and Brown: maize and Uto-Aztecan cultural history". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 107 (11): E35–E36. doi:10.1073/pnas.1000923107.
- Miller, Wick R. (1983). "A note on extinct languages of northwest Mexico of supposed Uto-Aztecan affiliation." IJAL 49:328-333.
- Miller, Wick R. (1983). "Uto-Aztecan languages". In Ortiz, Alfonso. Handbook of North American Indians 10. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. pp. 113–124.
- Mithun, Marianne (1999). The languages of Native America. Cambridge University Press.
- Troike, Rudolf C. (1988). "Amotomanco (Otomoaca) and Tanpachoa as Uto-Aztecan languages." IJAL 54:235-241.
Further reading[edit]
- Campbell, Lyle (1979). "Middle American languages". In Campbell, Lyle; Mithun, Marianne. The Languages of Native America: Historical and Comparative Assessment. Austin: University of Texas Press. pp. 902–1000.
- Goddard, Ives (1999). Native languages and language families of North America (wall map). Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press.
- Kroeber, Alfred Louis (1907). Shoshonean dialects of California. The University Press. Retrieved 24 August 2012.
- Steele, Susan. "Uto-Aztecan: An assessment for historical and comparative linguistics". In Campbell, Lyle; Mithun, Marianne. The Languages of Native America: Historical and Comparative Assessment. Austin: University of Texas Press. pp. 444–544.
- Suárez, Jorge (1983). The Mesoamerican Indian languages. Cambridge University Press.
Grammars or linguistic researches for individual languages and Uto-Aztecan groupings[edit]
- ^ Whorf, Benjamin Lee. 1946. The Hopi Language, Toreva Dialect. In Cornelius Osgood, ed., Linguistic structures of native America. New York: Wenner-Gren Foundation pp. 902-1000. Viking Fund Publications in Anthropology; 6.
Hopi Dictionary Project (1998). Hopi Dictionary: Hopìikwa Lavàytutuveni: A Hopi–English Dictionary of the Third Mesa Dialect With an English–Hopi Finder List and a Sketch of Hopi Grammar. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
- Jeanne, LaVerne Masayesva (1978). Aspects of Hopi grammar. MIT, dissertation.
- ^ C.F. Voegelin. 1935. Tübatulabal Grammar. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34/2. Berkeley: University of California Press.
C.F. Voegelin. 1958. "Working Dictionary of Tubatulabal," International Journal of American Linguistics 24:221–228.
- ^ David Iannucci. 1972. "Numic historical phonology," Cornell University PhD dissertation.
Michael Nichols. 1973. "Northern Paiute historical grammar," University of California, Berkeley PhD dissertation
Wick R. Miller. 1986. "Numic Languages," Handbook of North American Indians, Volume 11, Great Basin. Ed. by Warren L. d'Azevedo. Washington: Smithsonian Institution. Pages 98–106.
- ^ Lila Wistrand Robinson & James Armagost. 1990. Comanche Dictionary and Grammar. Summer Institute of Linguistics and The University of Texas at Arlington Publications in Linguistics Publication 92. Dallas, Texas: The Summer Institute of Linguistics and The University of Texas at Arlington.
Jean O. Charney. 1993. A Grammar of Comanche. Studies in the Anthropology of North American Indians. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press.
- ^ Jon P. Dayley. 1989. Tümpisa (Panamint) Shoshone Grammar. University of California Publications in Linguistics Volume 115. Berkeley, California: University of California Press.
Jon P. Dayley. 1989. Tümpisa (Panamint) Shoshone Dictionary. University of California Publications in Linguistics Volume 116. Berkeley, California: University of California Press.
- ^ John E. McLaughlin. 2006. Timbisha (Panamint). Languages of the World/Materials 453. Muenchen: LINCOM Europa.
- ^ John E. McLaughlin. 2012. Shoshoni Grammar. Languages of the World/Meterials 488. Meunchen: LINCOM Europa.
- ^ Richley H. Crapo. 1976. Big Smokey Valley Shoshoni. Desert Research Institute Publications in the Social Sciences 10. Reno: University of Nevada Press.
Beverly Crum & Jon Dayley. 1993. Western Shoshoni Grammar. Boise State University Occasional Papers and Monographs in Cultural Anthropology and Linguistics Volume No. 1. Boise, Idaho: Department of Anthropology, Boise State University.
- ^ Wick R. Miller. 1972. Newe Natekwinappeh: Shoshoni Stories and Dictionary. University of Utah Anthropological Papers 94. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
Wick R. Miller. 1996. "Sketch of Shoshone, a Uto-Aztecan Language," Handbook of North American Indians, Volume 17, Languages. Ed. Ives Goddard. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. Pages 693–720.
- ^ Drusilla Gould & Christopher Loether. 2002. An Introduction to the Shoshoni Language: Dammen Daigwape. Salt Lake City, Utah: The University of Utah Press.
- ^ D.B. Shimkin. 1949. "Shoshone, I: Linguistic Sketch and Text," International Journal of American Linguistics 15:175–188.
D. B. Shimkin. 1949. "Shoshone II: Morpheme List," International Journal of American Linguistics 15.203–212.
Malinda Tidzump. 1970. Shoshone Thesaurus. Grand Forks, North Dakota.
- ^ Maurice L. Zigmond, Curtis G. Booth, & Pamela Munro. 1991. Kawaiisu, A Grammar and Dictionary with Texts. Ed. Pamela Munro. University of California Publications in Linguistics Volume 119. Berkeley, California: University of California Press.
- ^ Margaret L. Press. 1979. Chemehuevi, A Grammar and Lexicon. University of California Publications in Linguistics Volume 92. Berkeley, California. University of California Press.
Laird, Carobeth. 1976. The Chemehuevis. Malki Museum Press, Banning, California.
- ^ Edward Sapir. 1930. Southern Paiute, a Shoshonean Language. Reprinted in 1992 in: The Collected Works of Edward Sapir, X, Southern Paiute and Ute Linguistics and Ethnography. Ed. William Bright. Berlin: Mouton deGruyter.
Edward Sapir. 1931. Southern Paiute Dictionary. Reprinted in 1992 in: The Collected Works of Edward Sapir, X, Southern Paiute and Ute Linguistics and Ethnography. Ed. William Bright. Berlin: Mouton deGruyter.
Pamela A. Bunte. 1979. "Problems in Southern Paiute Syntax and Semantics," Indiana University Ph.D. dissertation.
- ^ Talmy Givón. 2011. Ute Reference Grammar. Culture and Language Use Volume 3. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Jean O. Charney. 1996. A Dictionary of the Southern Ute Language. Ignacio, Colorado: Ute Press.
- ^ Sidney M. Lamb. 1957. "Mono Grammar," University of California, Berkeley Ph.D. dissertation.
Rosalie Bethel, Paul V. Kroskrity, Christopher Loether, & Gregory A. Reinhardt. 1993. A Dictionary of Western Mono. 2nd edition.
- ^ Evan J. Norris. 1986. "A Grammar Sketch and Comparative Study of Eastern Mono," University of California, San Diego Ph.D. dissertation.
- ^ Anonymous. 1987. Yerington Paiute Grammar. Anchorage, Alaska: Bilingual Education Services.
Arie Poldevaart. 1987. Paiute–English English–Paiute Dictionary. Yerington, Nevada: Yerington Paiute Tribe.
- ^ Allen Snapp, John Anderson, & Joy Anderson. 1982. "Northern Paiute," Studies in Uto-Aztecan Grammar, Volume 3, Uto-Aztecan Grammatical Sketches. Ed. Ronald W. Langacker. Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics Publication Number 57, Volume III. Dallas, Texas: Summer Institute of Linguistics and The University of Texas at Arlington. Pages 1–92.
- ^ Timothy John Thornes. 2003. "A Northern Paiute Grammar with Texts," University of Oregon Ph.D. dissertation.
- ^ Sven Liljeblad. 1966–1967. "Northern Paiute Lessons," manuscript.
Sven Liljeblad. 1950. "Bannack I: Phonemes," International Journal of American Linguistics 16:126–131
- ^ In addition to the Takic languages considered by Campbell, Tataviam has been recognized as a separate Takic language (Goddard 1996:7; Mithun 1999:539). Tataviam has sometimes been called by a Chumash name, Alliklik, although other scholars have reserved that name for a Chumash dialect or language (cf. Campbell 1997:135; Mithun 1999:544)
- ^ Kenneth C. Hill. 1967. A Grammar of the Serrano Language, University of California, Los Angeles, PhD dissertation.
- ^ Alice J. Anderton. 1988. The Language of the Kitanemuks of California, University of California, Los Angeles, PhD dissertation.
- ^ Hansjakob Seiler. 1977. Cahuilla Grammar. Banning, California: Malki Museum Press.
Hansjakob Seiler and Kojiro Hioki. 1979. Cahuilla Dictionary. Banning, California: Malki Museum Press.
- ^ Jane H. Hill & Rosinda Nolasquez. 1973. Mulu'wetam, the First People: Cupeno Oral History and Language. Banning, California: Malki Museum Press.
Jane H. Hill. 2005. A Grammar of Cupeño. University of California Publications in Linguistics. Berkeley: University of California Press.
- ^ Most authorities have agreed with Campbell in considering Juaneño (now extinct) a dialect of Luiseño, but Mithun (1999:539) classified it as a separate language.
Alfred L. Kroeber & George William Grace. 1960. The Sparkman Grammar of Luiseño. University of California Publications in Linguistics 16. Berkeley: The University of California Press.
William Bright. 1968. A Luiseno Dictionary. University of California Publications in Linguistics 51. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Villiana Hyde. 1971. An Introduction to the Luiseño Language. Banning, California: Malki Museum Press.
Eric Bryant Elliott. 1999. "Dictionary of Rincon Luiseno," University of California, San Diego PhD dissertation.
- ^ Ofelia Zepeda. 1983 . A Tohono O'odham Grammar. Tucson, Arizona: The University of Arizona Press.
Dean Saxton, Lucile Saxton, & Susie Enos. 1998. Dictionary: Tohono O'Odham/Pima to English, English to Tohono O'Odham/Pima. 2nd edition. Tucson, Arizona: University of Arizona Press.
- ^ Roberto Escalante H. & Zarina Estrada Fernandez. 1993. Textos y gramatica del pima bajo. Sonora: Departamento de Letra y Linguistica, Universidad de Mexico.
- ^ Burton W. Bascom. 1982. "Northern Tepehuan," Studies in Uto-Aztecan Grammar, Volume 3, Uto-Aztecan Grammatical Sketches. Ed. by Ronald W. Langacker. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics and the University of Texas at Arlington. Pages 267–393.
- ^ T. Willett. 1991. A reference grammar of southeastern Tepehuan. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics and University of Texas at Arlington.
- ^ J. Alden Mason. 1916. "Tepecano, A Piman language of western Mexico," Annals of the New York Academy of Science 25:309–416.
- ^ Donald H. Burgess. 1984. "Western Tarahumara," Studies in Uto-Aztecan grammar 4: Southern Uto-Aztecan grammatical sketches. Ed. Ronald W. Langacker. Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics 56. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics and the University of Texas at Arlington. Pages 1–149.
- ^ Wick R. Miller. 1996. La lengua guarijio: gramatica, vocabulario y textos. Mexico City: Instituto de Investigaciones Antropologicas, UNAM.
- ^ Andrés Lionnet. 1978. El idioma tubar y los tubares. Segun documentos ineditos de C. S. Lumholtz y C. V. Hartman. Mexico, D. F: Universidad Iberoamericana.
- ^ Andrés Lionnet. 1978. Elementos de la lengua cahita (yaqui–mayo). México: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
- ^ John M. Dedrick & Eugene H. Casad, ed. 1999. Yaqui Language Structures. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
David L. Shaul. 1999. Yoeme–English English–Yoeme Standard Dictionary. New York: Hippocrene Books.
- ^ Howard Collard & E. Collard. 1962. Vocabulario Mayo. Vocabularios Indígenas No. 6. México: ILV.
Jeff Burnham. 1984. Una gramática de la Lengua Mayo. Hermosillo, Sonora: Universidad de Sonora.
- ^ Natal Lombardo. 1702. Arte de la Lengua Teguima vulgarmente llamada Opata. Mexico: Miguel de Ribera.
- ^ Andrés Lionnet. 1986. El eudeve, un idioma extinto de Sonora (Study based on materials of J. Johnson, Loaysa, Bartlett, and Smith). Mexico: Instituto de Investigaciones Antropologicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico.
David L. Shaul. 1991. "Eudeve morphosyntax: an overview," International Journal of American Linguistics 57:70–107.
- ^ Eugene H. Casad. 1984. "Cora," Studies in Uto-Aztecan grammar 4: Southern Uto-Aztecan grammatical sketches. Ed. Ronald W. Langacker. Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics 56. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics and the University of Texas at Arlington. Pages 153–149.
- ^ José Luis Iturrioz Leza y Julio Ramírez de la Cruz, et al. 2001. Gramática Didáctica del Huichol: Vol. I. Estructura Fonológica y Sistema de Escritura. Departamento de Estudios en Lenguas Indígenas–Universidad de Guadalajara – Secretaria de Educación Pública.
- ^ Franz Boas. 1917. "El dialecto mexicano de Pochutla, Oaxaca," International Journal of American Linguistics 1:9–44.
- ^ Yolanda Lastra de Suárez. 1986. Las áreas dialectales del náhuatl moderno. Mexico: Instituto de Investigaciones Antropológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
- ^ Lyle Campbell. 1985. The Pipil language of El Salvador. Berlin: Mouton. Mouton grammar library; 1.
- ^ Fray Alonso de Molina. 1992 [1555]. Vocabulario en Lengua Castellana y Mexicana y Mexicana y Castellana. Mexico, D.F.: Porrúa.
- ^ Horacio Carochi. 1983 [1645]. Arte de la lengua mexicana: con la declaración de los adverbios della. Mexico, D.F.: Porrúa.
External links[edit]
- Uto-Aztecan.org, a website devoted to the comparative study of the Uto-Aztecan language family
- Swadesh vocabulary lists for Uto-Aztecan languages (from Wiktionary's Swadesh-list appendix)
- LINGUIST List MultiTree Project: Uto-Aztecan
A portion of the proceeds from advertising on Digplanet goes to supporting Wikipedia.


text:
After a rocky start, Samsung Electronics is finally seeing the light when it comes to the tablet business.
Samsung tablets, like the Galaxy Note 8, are expected to help drive its market share and sales.
(Credit: Sarah Tew/CNET)
The Korean consumer electronics giant, already the world's largest handset manufacturer, plans to double its tablet sales from a year ago, according to YH Lee, executive vice president of the company's mobile unit.
That would peg its sales to about 40 million units in 2013, although Samsung hasn't officially disclosed its full-year 2012 unit sales yet.
"We expect to be very aggressive," Lee said in an interview with CNET.
The bullish expectation further underscores the growing dominance and influence of Samsung in the mobile devices business. Already the leader in mobile phones, the company is targeting the tablet crown with an ambitious line-up of products.
Samsung unveiled the Galaxy Note 8 at this year's Mobile World Congress in Barcelona, Spain — a device it is boldly calling a phablet in some markets. The new model fills out a portfolio of products that stretch nearly every conceivable dimension for a handheld device.
The products that Samsung now offers is a far cry from its original Galaxy Tab, which failed to make a dent in the market, and only helped further illustrate the dominance of the iPad and Apple at the time. At last year's Mobile World Congress, a Samsung executive conceded to reporters that its tablet business wasn't "doing very well".
But fast-forward more than two years since the debut of the Tab, and Samsung is holding its own in the tablet market. The company more than doubled its market share for tablets in the fourth quarter, improving to 15.1 per cent, according to IDC. While Apple maintained a strong lead, its market share trajectory has been veering down.
Samsung's tablets are now mentioned in the same breath as the iPad, Amazon's Kindle Fire HD and Google's own Nexus 7.
Smartphone slowdown
Samsung is hoping that the growth in tablets will keep the mobile engine pumping, because the company isn't as bullish about the pace of growth for smartphones.
"We don't know if growth will grow as fast as before," Lee said.
That's consistent with the broader belief that the smartphone industry will see a slowdown after years of tremendous growth.
At the same time, Samsung's competitors have only accelerated the pace of innovation. HTC just debuted its all-metal One, a new flagship phone that has impressed with its design. Nokia continues to push hard with its Lumia 920, which features several of its own unique bells and whistles.
Samsung has invited the press to an event on 14 March, 2013 in New York City.
(Credit: Samsung)
Samsung fans, of course, are on hold as they await the debut of the next Galaxy S smartphone. The company has sent out invitations for the launch event of the Galaxy S4.
While the same pace of growth may be tougher for Samsung, the company still plans to outperform the broader market growth for the smartphone industry, Lee said. As an example of the high expectations that the company puts on itself, she said that Samsung merely hitting the market benchmark for growth would be a big disappointment.
It's easy to see why Samsung is setting such lofty goals. The Galaxy S line-up has proven to be a world-beater at the same level of appeal as Apple's iPhone franchise, and the Galaxy S4 launch is starting to garner the same kind of attention. At the same time, Samsung has a much wider portfolio of products that goes down to the low end.
Samsung also sees further growth from its push into the business arena. The company has recently augmented its massive marketing campaign with a focus on addressing its phones' use in the office. The company recently announced a series of new business-friendly software features, called Knox.
Given its history of successfully assaulting the iPhone in the high-end smartphone segment, BlackBerry should be keeping an eye on Samsung's latest ambition.
Via CNET.com

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Volkswagen of America
You know when you have to swerve around something unexpectedly? Well, ESC helps prevent oversteer or understeer during an evasive maneuver by applying corrective forces to each of the wheels. And that helps you engage in proper counter-steering, thereby working with your VW to help correct the problem. As for the thing that made you swerve, here's to that never happening again.


text:
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Our Joomla extensions simply enhance your website with powerful yet versatile tools that give your online presence a competitive edge. Our solutions will surely take your Joomla site to the next level!
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text:
New Ulm native Jamie Hoffmann, who is playing for the Las Vegas 51s of the AAA Pacific Coast League, said Monday that the fact that Major League Baseball is coming down on players who used performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs) is good for cleaning up the game.
"For guys who have been clean their entire careers it is frustrating to see players constantly doing [PED] and not getting punished for it," Hoffmann said. "There is a few-game suspension but it seems like those players come back the next year and get paid more money and get more opportunities. So it is frustrating for guys who have done it right the whole time - [PED users] are basically stealing jobs from other players."
He said that players using PEDs has been a problem for a while.
"There has not been enough punishment. The Player's Association has stuck by their players but the players are sick of it," Hoffmann said. "There are plenty of clean players out there that see this all happening and see nothing significant happen to the players. Some of those contracts that they are signing are getting into the millions of dollars and they are cheating. That is almost promoting cheating. This is a step in the right direction. Players are sick of it. It has tarnished baseball for years."
Hoffmannn faces Schugel's son
Hoffmann was signed by another former New Ulmite in Jeff Schugel back in 2003 when Schugel was a scout for the Los Angeles Dodgers before going to the Angels.
This season, Hoffmann faced Schugel's son, A.J., who is a pitcher for the Angels' AAA team.
"We have faced A.J. a couple of times," Hoffmann said. "And that was really funny - I had talked to A.J. before a game at our place and when we were on the road [to Salt Lake City]. He's a good guy and is having some success. I thought that was kind of neat to see that happening - it's a small world in baseball."


text: Diversity at CU Vision Statement We aspire to create a thriving community of fully devoted followers of Jesus in a spiritually contagious, academically excellent, richly resourced, and culturally diverse learning environment that attracts outstanding students, faculty, and staff who influence our world for Christ, his church, and his kingdom. Diversity Statistics 11% students of color 2% international students from 18 countries including: Australia Brazil Canada China Dominican Republic Ecuador Germany Guatemala Hungary India Ivory Coast Jamaica Mexico Namibia Netherlands South Korea Thailand Zambia International Students Cornerstone hosts students from 18 countries. If you are interested in applying, contact the International Admissions Counselor, Chaz Oswald, or apply online. Visit CU We offer accommodations for students and parents of color traveling to visit Cornerstone University. Students can stay up to two nights in the residence halls (meals included). Parents accompanying students on the visit have the option to stay in complimentary on-campus guest apartment. Reservations are based on a first come first served basis and must be scheduled through the Campus Visit Coordinator in the Admissions Office: 1.800.787.9778 email@example.com For students of color traveling from 250 land miles or more, we encourage you to take advantage of the Fly to CU Program. Community Matters Multicultural Organization: Engages cultural awareness through seminars, student activities and mentoring opportunities. Taste of the World: Students have the opportunity to celebrate difference cultures by sampling foods from around the world. Mu Kappa: We embrace Missionary Kids who have grown up in third-world cultures. These students bring a unique perspective to our campus and participate in many organization events. International Justice Mission: Campus chapter dedicated to ending injustice and oppression overseas. Academics Matter Diversity Committee: Staff and faculty meet on the Diversity Committee to implement initiatives to bring diversity in and out of the classroom. Study Abroad: With nearly 15 study abroad programs in places like Australia, China, Oxford, and Dubai, our scholars experience cultural immersion while developing in their field and influencing the world for Christ. Handong Global University: A student exchange program with Handong Global University in South Korea. "The exchange program at Handong Global University has been one of the most incredible experiences of my life. Overall, I would describe my Handong experience as exciting, challenging, stretching and downright incredible!" Jenna Bragenzer, CU '13 Resources Matter Financial Aid: CU offers scholarships for students of color including the Multicultural Scholarship, Global Scholarship, and Urban Minority Scholarship. Urban Family Ministries: CU students partner with Urban Family Ministries to provide resources to inner city kids and build relationships with urban families.


text:
Some information is missing or invalid below.
Regular $109.99
Learn more.
Disney driver. With character graphics and a cargo bay, this Disney Toy Story 3 Lil' Quad ride-on bike is just what he needs to get around town. Explore our full line of Toy Story® toys and games at Kohls.com.
- Designed specifically for toddlers, this ride-on cruises along at a safe 2 mph.
- Push-button operation makes driving simple and fun.
- Ride-on includes a 6V battery and charger unit.
- Sturdy construction ensures durability.
- Details:
- 13"H x 16"W x 26"L
- Doll not included
- Ages 12 to 36 months
- Some assembly required
- By Fisher-Price®
- Toy: manufacturer's 1-year limited warranty (excludes battery)
- Battery: manufacturer's 6-month limited warranty
- Model: T5003
- Certain promotions and price discounts may not apply to online-exclusive items.


text:
Evesham RAGE LT PRO AGP (English) Free Driver Download
Graphics / Video Adapter, Display, MEDIA
See details of driver package which includes support for this device.
Device Name
RAGE LT PRO AGP (English)
Supported Operating Systems
Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows 98SE, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows 2003, Windows ME, Windows Vista
Uploader Notes
This is the driver for the Voyager 6000 laptop.
Uploaded By
Phil Newman (DG Member) on 7/10/2006
Driver Package
WIN95_WIN98.zip (7.8 MB)
Hardware Ids Supported
Compatible Hardware Ids Supported
Related Drivers
Reviews Summary
Already tried it? Give your review
Embed a link to this page


text:
Schacht High Speed Whorl from Schacht
Schacht offers a wide spectrum of whorls to aid the handspinner in achieving the best spinning speed for the task at hand. A high speed bobbin is required for high speed and super high speed whorls when spinning in double drive. (High speed bobbins are not required for Scotch tension mode.)
What Whorl Do I Choose? It depends...on your treadling rate, the fiber you're spinning, and the type of yarn you want. There are no hard and fast rules about whorls. What is important is that you choose a whorl that helps your wheel do as much of the work for you as possible. In general: the bigger the whorl, the coarser the fiber, the thicker the yarn; the smaller the whorl, the finer the fiber, the smaller the yarn.
The Schacht Matchless and Ladybug spinning wheels both come with Medium Speed (9:1 and 11:1) and Fast Speed (13:1 and 15 1/2:1) whorls. This High Speed Whorl (17 1/2:1 and 19 1/2:1) is a great addition to your wheel. It is recommended that you use a High Speed Bobbin with the High Speed Whorl.
Customer Photos
No customer photos available.


text:
From Peace Corps Wiki
US Peace Corps
American Overseas Staff (FY2010): FP 03 (Miller, Nicole, L, $ 102,433), FP 05 (Goercke, Brian, O, $ 51,544), FP 02 (Cronin, Eileen, A, $ 102,787)
Latest Early Termination Rates (FOIA 11-058):
(2008 21 %), (2007 36 %), (2006 41 %), 2005 52 %
|Peace Corps Welcome Book
|Country Director:
|Program Dates:
|Current Volunteers:
|Total Volunteers:
|Languages Spoken:
In 2003, the Peace Corps returned to Swaziland after an eight-year absence. The Peace Corps was first invited to work in Swaziland in 1969, a few months after the country gained independence from Great Britain.
Peace Corps History
Main article: History of the Peace Corps in Swaziland
The Peace Corps was invited to work in Swaziland in 1969, a few months after the country gained independence from Great Britain. Over the next 28 years, 1,400 Peace Corps Volunteers served in Swaziland, working in the education and agriculture sectors. Playing a prominent role in Swaziland's development, Volunteers taught English, agriculture, mathematics, science, and vocational education in secondary schools and promoted agricultural cooperatives in rural areas. A small number of volunteers were stationed in the urban areas, doing projects such as technical training at Swaziland College of Technology (SCOT) and in Manzini, computer work in the Ministry of Finance, urban planning, and geology.
Living Conditions and Volunteer Lifestyle
Main article: Living Conditions and Volunteer Lifestyles in Swaziland
Your community will provide safe and adequate housing in accordance with the Peace Corps' site selection criteria. However, you need to be very flexible in your housing expectations. Housing will vary from a mud house with a thatch or tin roof to a cement block house to a room with a local family in a traditional homestead. Most Volunteers live on rural homesteads with Swazi host families. There is no guarantee that you will have running water or electricity; if you do not, you will collect your water from a community tap and spend evenings reading by candlelight or lantern. You will receive a settling-in allowance in local currency to purchase necessary household items.
Main article: Training in Swaziland
Training is an essential part of Peace Corps service. Our goal is to give you enough skills and like you know I mean hum information to allow you to live and work effectively in Swaziland. In doing that, we build on the experiences and expertise you bring to the Peace Corps. We anticipate that you will approach your training with an open mind, a desire to learn, and a willingness to be involved. Trainees officially become Volunteers after successful completion of training.
The nine-week training program will provide you with the opportunity to learn new skills and practice them as they apply to Swaziland. You will receive training and orientation in language, cross-cultural communication, development issues, health and personal safety, and technical skills pertinent to your specific assignment. The skills you learn will serve as the foundation upon which you build your experience as a Volunteer in Swaziland.
Health Care and Safety
Main article: Health care and safety in Swaziland
The Peace Corps' highest priority is maintaining the good health and safety of every Volunteer. Peace Corps medical programs emphasize the preventive, rather than the curative, approach to disease. The Peace Corps in Swaziland maintains a health unit with a full-time medical officer who takes care of Volunteers' primary heathcare needs. Additional medical services, such as testing and basic treatment, are also available in Swaziland at local hospitals. If you become seriously ill, you will be transported either to an American-standard medical facility in the region or to the United States.
Diversity and Cross-Cultural Issues
Main article: Diversity and cross-cultural issues in Swaziland
In Swaziland, as in other Peace Corps host countries, Volunteers' behavior, lifestyle, background, and beliefs are judged in a cultural context very different from their own. Certain personal perspectives or characteristics commonly accepted in the United States may be quite uncommon, unacceptable, or even repressed in Swaziland.
Outside of Swaziland's capital, residents of rural communities have had relatively little direct exposure to other cultures, races, religions, and lifestyles. What people view as typical American behavior or norms may be a misconception, such as the belief that all Americans are rich and have blond hair and blue eyes. The people of Swaziland are justly known for their generous hospitality to foreigners; however, members of the community in which you will live may display a range of reactions to cultural differences that you present.
- Possible Issues for Female Volunteers
- Possible Issues for Volunteers of Color
- Possible Issues for Senior Volunteers
- Possible Issues for Gay, Lesbian, or Bisexual Volunteers
- Possible Religious Issues for Volunteers
- Possible Issues for Volunteers With Disabilities
- Possible Issues for Married Volunteers
Frequently Asked Questions
Main article: FAQs about Peace Corps in Swaziland
- How much luggage am I allowed to bring to Swaziland?
- What is the electric current in Swaziland?
- How much money should I bring?
- When can I take vacation and have people visit me?
- Will my belongings be covered by insurance?
- Do I need an international driver's license?
- What should I bring as gifts for Swazi friends and my host family?
- Where will my site assignment be when I finish training and how isolated will I be?
- How can my family contact me in an emergency?
- Can I call home from Swaziland?
- Should I bring a cellular phone with me?
Packing List
Main article: Packing list for Swaziland
This list has been compiled by Volunteers who have served in Swaziland and is based on their experience. Use it as an informal guide in making your own list, bearing in mind that experience is individual. There is no perfect list! You obviously cannot bring everything we mention, so consider those items that make the most sense to you personally and professionally. You can always have things sent to you later. As you decide what to bring, keep in mind that you have an 80-pound weight limit on baggage. And remember, you can get almost everything you need in Swaziland.
Peace Corps News
Current events relating to Peace Corps are also available by country of service or your home stateThe following is automatic RSS feed of Peace Corps news for this country.
( As of Thursday April 24, 2014 )
Country Fund
Contributions to the Swaziland Country Fund will support Volunteer and community projects that will take place in Swaziland. These projects include water and sanitation, agricultural development, and youth programs.
See also
- Volunteers who served in Swaziland
- List of resources for Swaziland
- Pre-Departure Checklist
- Friends of Swaziland


text:
:o ok, Little history:
I restored to 1.1.1 and everthing was ok until the inew.
I did that I end if the "next step" text...
here was the problem, i was trying to make the testpoint but, I get low battery
and when i didi the test point, it's did works. So i restart the iphone and I was verry slow and i tryied again but did work naither.
since that I being restore the Iphone to 1.1.2, 1.1.1 and 1.0.2.
with the 1.1.2 version it's get the error 1102 with the 1.1.1 get the 1011 and with 1.0.2 the 1102.(in the 1.1.2 and 1.0.2 it stop for a while in the restore firmaware step,but end with that error).
now i can't jailbreak it.... I being trying to jailbreak on the 1.0.2 with paysay, winstallerapp,CARNAVAL by brasuco and with ibrickr_v0.91. When I use Ibrick, it start a cicle doing something in kernel mode and restart it again and start on the kernel mode over and over and over(to stop it I had to wait until the display were blue and that moment hit the "Boot the phone " on ibrick, and it turn red then green and then restore to the 1.1.1 or 1.1.2 version)..........., when i use the other way it's only do the change mode(recovery, normal) ok... but it can't read or write any file as lockdown or the others.
The only thing i can do so far is slide and go to the fiel test screen, put some ringtones with ibrick and make the kernel mode cycle.
It's any way to do the jailbreak without wifi or any way to write the baseband through a pc?
does any one know how to use iphoneinterface.exe??


text:
Accessibility links
Monday 21 April 2014
Earth is your source for environmental and green news, with information on global warming, pollution, green living and recycling, as well as tips on how to cut your contribution to climate change.
Having sworn off leaping out of aeroplanes, I somehow found myself skydiving above Arches National Park in Utah
20 Apr 2014| Comments
Britain's booming ring necked parakeet population is pushing out the country's other wildlife, warn scientists
20 Apr 2014
20 Apr 2014
A chance encounter led Amanda Owen to an extraordinary life on a hill farm deep in the Yorkshire Dales. Meet a woman with a flock – and seven children – to care for
19 Apr 2014| Comments
18 Apr 2014| Comments
The epicentre of the 3.5 magnitude earthquake, the second in two days, was in Oakham in the East Midlands, the British Geological Survey confirms
18 Apr 2014| Comments
18 Apr 2014
David Goodyear from Animal Search UK describes how the team plan to capture the South America rhea on the loose in Hertfordshire
17 Apr 2014
Mating habits of a little-known Brazilian insect with reversed gender-associated sexual organs revealed by scientists
17 Apr 2014
The epicentre of the 3.2 magnitude earthquake was in Oakham in the East Midlands, the British Geological Survey confirms
17 Apr 2014| Comments
New study underlines decline of red squirrels, with just three per cent of people reporting sightings
17 Apr 2014| Comments
Ubinas volcano in south west Peru erupts sending smoke and ash high into the air, prompting officials to declare a state of emergency
16 Apr 2014
Males of both cod and pollack species of fish attempt to attract females by "grunting" for about 15 minutes at a time, a study finds
16 Apr 2014| Comments
Keeper Karen Neech explains why Humboldt penguins are endangered and what can be done to increase their numbers
16 Apr 2014| Comments
MPs have warned that invasive species like the killer shrimp could be getting out of control and damaging the environment
16 Apr 2014| Comments
A guide to the alien wildlife species that have invaded Britain and, MPs say, pose a threat to our ecology, economy and health
16 Apr 2014| Comments
16 Apr 2014| Comments
Rural areas are being "forgotten" by police leading to a rise in poaching, hare coursing and sheep-rustling, MP warns
15 Apr 2014| Comments
15 Apr 2014
Of all the seasons, spring has a special place in my heart – but its arrival means that the heat is on to get things done
15 Apr 2014| Comments
Gardening is not 'a pointless way of passing the time until you die' – it is about life, not death, says Alan Titchmarsh
15 Apr 2014
An 18-stone black bear has a bit of a rough landing after it is shot out of a tree using a tranquiliser gun
15 Apr 2014
Related Sections
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text:
Acre Acreage & Personal Property Auction
Recent Headlines
yesterday in Local
Committee Will Study Roads And Bridges
The Executive Board of the South Dakota Legislature voted to have a summer study committee look at roads and bridges in the state.
yesterday in Local
More Cedar County, NE Voters Able To Vote By Mail
Over half of the voters in Cedar County (Nebraska) will now be able to mail in their ballots for the May 13th primary.
yesterday in Local
Education To Be Studied Again
The Executive Board of the South Dakota Legislature has decided to have another summer study of education in the state.
Wednesday in Local
Confusion Over Farm Program Sign Up
The spring planting season is underway and local U-S-D-A Farm Service Agency (FSA) offices are getting calls from farmers, asking…
Wednesday in Local
Bill Would Protect Whistleblowers
Key Democrats in the Iowa Senate are pressing forward with a bill that would forbid confidential settlements with laid off state workers.


text:
Arborvitae Nigra American Thuja occidentalis 'Nigra'
'Nigra' arborvitae is an upright, cone shaped, narrow evergreen with flattened sprays of dense, deep green foliage and good winter color. It is a hardy, relatively low maintenance tree and takes pruning well. It makes an excellent vertical accent, wind or privacy screen, natural fence or hedge.
Try this tree in your yard:


text:
Virgin Gorda Travel Guide
- Overview
- Places to Explore
- Sights
- Restaurants
- Hotels
- Entertainment
- Shopping
- Activities
- Travel Tips
- Features
- Fodor's Choice
- Deals
Fodor's U.S. & British Virgin Islands
Trade Paperback
Plan Your Virgin Gorda Vacation
Progressing from laid-back to more laid-back, mountainous and arid Virgin Gorda fits right in. Its main road sticks to the center of the island, connecting its odd-shaped north and south appendages; sailing is the preferred mode of transportation. Spanish Town, the most noteworthy settlement, is on the southern wing, as are The Baths. Here smooth, giant boulders are scattered about the beach and form delightful sea grottoes just offshore.
Virgin Gorda Hotels
While villas are scattered all over Virgin Gorda, hotels are centered in and around The Valley, Nail Bay, and in the North Sound area. Except for Leverick...read more
Virgin Gorda Restaurants
Dining out on Virgin Gorda is a mixed bag, with everything from hamburgers to lobster available. Most folks opt to have dinner at or near their hotel to...read more
Things To Do in Virgin Gorda
Virgin Gorda's most popular attractions are those provided...read more
Travel Deals in Virgin Gorda
Virgin Gorda Experiences
Beautiful Beaches: Virgin Gorda's stunning, white, sandy beaches are the number one reason to visit. The Baths are the most crowded, but other... Read more
Roaming livestock is a fact of life in the tropics, particularly in less-developed places like Virgin Gorda. Indeed, residents who leave their... Read more
Now84° F Scattered Clouds 70% Humidity April 24, 2014 at 0:00PM
Check historic weather for your trip datesArriving:
- 80 Degrees: Fodor's Helps You Find Your Best Beach Vacation Spots
- Fodor's Go List 2014: Where we are going in 2014
- World Cup Fever: Start planning your trip to Brazil!
- Fodor's 100 Hotel Awards: Check out the winners of 2013
- Weekend Getaways: Fodor's Recommends the Best Weekend Escapes in the US
- Great American Vacation: Find Your Next U.S. Trip with Fodor's
My future husband and I are looking for a resort/hotel to have our wedding/honeymoon. Read more


text:
Meet & Greet with New Brew Thursday in Huntington Beach!Huntington Beach, CA
Bummer! Sales have ended.
Unfortunately, tickets for this event are no longer on sale.
Event Details
You're Invited to a Meet & Greet with New Brew Thursday!
Stephen, John, Matt, and Dr. Bill from New Brew Thursday will be stopping by our Huntington Beach store for an episode shoot with Total Wine & More's very own Taylor Barnebey (@TaylorTWM on Twitter) on Dec. 8th! We would love for you to stop by for a meet & greet with the NBT group, and stick around for a beer tasting as well! The meet & greet and beer tasting will be from 3:30 to 5:30 p.m.
RSVP so we know how many people to expect (and how much beer we need to have ready) and we'll see you there. This promises to be a fun day at the Huntington Beach Total Wine & More, so don't miss out and RSVP today!
*This event is for anyone 21 years and over. ID's will be checked. If you have any questions, please feel free to reach out to us at: email@example.com
Call the store at: (714) 861-4047


text:
You're leaving Wedding Paper Divas to see the Deal of the Day at our parent site, Tiny Prints.
You won't be able to dismiss this by usual means (escape or click button), but you can close it programatically based on user choices or actions.
"These cards are amazing! They came out beautifully! I ordered them in purple and I just can't express how beautiful they were! Very impressed with quality, color, design the works. They were a huge hit."
"I am very happy with how this invite turned out! The design and fun symbols are perfect for my bachelorette party. My friends all commented on how beautiful and professional they looked!"
"I did this invitation in purple as the brides colors were purple. It turned out WONDERFUL!! I was able to completely customize the size of the fonts to be able to fit everything on the invite. (we had a whole weekend party) Everyone loved the invitation, and the bride was especially pleased with it! Customer service was wonderful, they got the proof emailed much faster than I expected for me to approve. It was incredibly fast shipping too! Will come back for orders in the future!!"
"I ordered this card fo my friends bachlorette party. When she received the invitation she called me and said, "it's perfect!!" I was very pleased with the invitation. The heaviness of the paper it was printed on and he bright colors. It was indeed perfect. I paid for expedited shipping and I received it much earlier then expected. It was good but I would have liked to have known when the actual arrival date was so I didn't have to pay extra. All in al great product!"
"I personalized this invitation by selecting the black and bright color contrasting version. The design of the invitation helped me set the tone for the type of party I was hoping to create. I love working with Wedding Paper Divas. The quality of the product is outstanding and I'm always proud to send the invitations to guests. The turnaround time makes working with you a pleasure. I wish you would expand further beyond primarily wedding related items."


text:
A gorgeous suzani design excites the surface of these cotton napkins.
Divine Designs is rightly famous for bringing luscious colors and vibrant patterns to the home. This collection of durable tablecloths, napkins, place mats, and napkin rings will help you set a chic yet timeless table, whether it's a casual meal for two or a full-scale dinner party.


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Narrow your search
Last year, the term du jour in enterprise tech was big data. Now, it's advanced analytics.
Intel announces 32-nanometer Xeon E7 family of high-end server chips, along with a suite of entry-level Xeon E3 processors.
For budding small businesses or midsize companies that have already endured their growing pains, the IBM xServer 226 is a wise investment.
Pricing not available
Apple's Mac Pro has design innovations that we hope will cross over to other systems. Its performance is as strong as you'd expect for a system in its class, and it's priced right, too. You might need more flexibility in your config options, especially for 3D design, but otherwise, the Mac Pro is as solid a professional-class PC as we've seen.
Chipmaker lists new Xeon processors rated as low as 45 watts and shaves the price of its Z530 Atom processor (512k cache, 1.60 GHz) 7 percent, from to $65 from $70.
Xserve: Now Xeon-based, same speeds as Mac Pro; available in October
Intel takes on AMD's last Opteron stronghold with quad-core Xeon 7300 for multiprocessor servers.
New and Noteworthy: Apple Delays 3Q Filing Due to Options; Meet the Xeon: Inside the Mac Pro's processor; more
New and Noteworthy: Merom Core 2 Duo Benchmarks; Apple "better at maximizing OS profit"; G5 inferior to Xeon?; more
Will Apple release standalone 802.11n enablers for applicable Core 2 Duo/Xeon based Macs?


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MONTROSE – Do you love beer and want to take that affection a step further by brewing your own beer? Rebecca Paxton-Dorr and Lenord Dorr have all the ingredients, tools and information needed for anyone looking to become a serious home-brewer at The Homebrew Connection.
The Homebrew Connection has everything that's needed to brew batches of sudsy joy, from homebrew starter kits to Colorado-grown grains to hops; it came about as the result of Dorr's need to brew his own beer. In 2001, he was diagnosed with celiac disease, unable to drink beer because of the gluten protein found in wheat, barley and rye. The duo began learning how to make homebrewed, gluten-free beer and wine and have taken that passion and turned it into the Homebrew Connection.
"Back in 2001, this was really tough," Dorr said. "Home brewing wasn't nearly as popular as it is now. I had to go visit health food stores and that was different for me. At the Homebrew Connection, we are trying to serve the whole area including Crested Butte and Gunnison to Hotchkiss and Delta to Norwood, Nucla, Naturita, Ouray, and Telluride."
The Homebrew Connection has something for everyone from the hobbyist to the all grain brewer. Not sure what kind of beer to brew? Not only do they have all the ingredients to make great beer at home, they have all the knowledge to brew great beer as well.
"If you aren't sure what kind of beer you want to brew or want to try something different, we have a recipe library," he said. "Twice a month we have free beginner and intermediate brewing sessions as well."
The next free home brewing call will be held Saturday, Feb. 19, at 1 p.m.
The base grains found at the Home Brew connection, located at 20 South Nevada Ave., in Montrose, are provided by Alamosa-based Colorado Malting Company, although by next fall, the supply store plans to have locally grown hops from the Montrose-based San Juan Hop Farm.
"We try to promote Colorado farmers at the Homebrew Connection as much as we can," Dorr said. "We have ingredient kits and equipment kits. You can walk out of here and have everything you need to brew your first five gallons of beer."
If beer isn't for you, the Homebrew Connection also provides wine ingredient kits and winemaking equipment, along with fruit purees and additives for those wanting to make wine from scratch. The wine ingredient kits promise to deliver award-winning wines, in six-gallon batches.
Winemaking is easier than brewing beer, Dorr said, although patience, in winemaking, is a particular virtue, because after the wine has been bottled, a waiting period of three months to a year is required for it to age.
The Homebrew Connection is open Tuesday through Friday, 10 a.m. -6 p.m., Saturdays 10 a.m.- 5 p.m., and is closed Sunday and Monday. Call 970/249-4683 with questions about products and for information on upcoming classes. While reservations aren't required, Dorr suggests calling ahead of time if you plan on attending a free brewing session.
For more information on the Homebrew Connection, visit thehomebrewconnection.com.


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You're leaving Wedding Paper Divas to see the Deal of the Day at our parent site, Tiny Prints.
You won't be able to dismiss this by usual means (escape or click button), but you can close it programatically based on user choices or actions.
"I ordered these menu cards for my wedding on May 4, 2012. I received them in approx one week. I chose a custom color and it was perfect. The color was exactly as it appeared online. The paper weight is ideal. My guests found the tag line on the bottom very cute. I would definitely recommend these to any bride to be."
"I love that this style offers so many coordinating items. We had these done in the "storm" custom color w/ black font. They'll match our black and white theme perfectly!"
"We kept everything white with navy where we had to have color, and these were the perfect addition to our overall look! They were easy to fill out online and I had a small custom request was WPDivas handled with one proof. We placed these inside the napkin with a white rose on top. The picture is sort of dark but it gives you a good idea at least. LOVED the look and how pretty the tables were when everyone entered the reception room!"


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Night Session, outdoors, Lake Chavants (Repli Espace Olca case of rain).
"" The Gilded Cage "Ruben Alves, Joaquim De Almeida, Rita Blanco, Chantal Lauby-Duration: 1:30 min - France.
In the beautiful areas of Paris, Maria and José Ribeiro lived for almost thirty years on the ground floor of a Haussmann style building, in their dear little box. This pair of Portuguese immigrants unanimous in the neighborhood: Maria, excellent concierge, and José, Chief outstanding site, have become essential over the daily lives of all those around time. So popular and so well integrated that the day when we offer them their dream return to Portugal in the best conditions, nobody wants to let the Ribeiro, so dedicated and so discreet. How far will be able to go their families, neighbors, and their bosses to keep them? And after all, Maria and Jose do they really want to leave France and to abandon their precious golden cage?
Location Lac des Chavants , Les Houches
Rates Free of charge


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Expert genetic counseling and testing
Vanessa Marcell, Manager, Cancer Genetic Counseling
While most breast cancer is sporadic, about 5 to 10% of the population gets cancer because of an inherited gene mutation, such as one in the genes called BRCA1 and BRCA2. Our certified genetic counselor assesses cancer risk in people who already have a cancer diagnosis or those who have a strong family history of the disease. In many breast centers, genetic counseling is a part-time function, but for our counselor, it is her full-time expertise.
If it's appropriate for you to be tested, our genetic counselor will walk you through the process. Before your first appointment (which should take about 1 ½ hours) research your family history, at least three generations back, for any blood relative who had cancer. Knowing who in your family tree had cancer, what type it was, how old they were when they were diagnosed and other information will allow for a more accurate assessment of your risk, if there is one. Our genetic counselor will help determine if your insurance will cover testing (most plans do), coordinate all testing, and discuss the results with you.
If you have questions about genetic counseling and testing, please contact Vanessa Marcell at 845.357.7462.
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Alternate Job Titles: Logistics Director
The salary for someone with the job title Logistics Director in Oakland, CA varies depending on a number of factors. Our team of Certified Compensation Professionals has analyzed survey data collected from thousands of HR departments at employers of all sizes and industries on Logistics Director salaries to construct a range which describes the distribution of salaries for people with the job title Logistics Director in Oakland, CA.
Similar Job Titles:
Logistics Clerk, Logistics Analyst III, Logistics Analyst II, Logistics Analyst I, Logistics Manager, Top Logistics Management Executive, Logistics Analyst IV, Distribution Director, Quality Assurance Director
This chart describes the expected percentage of people who perform the job of Logistics Director in Oakland, CA that make less than that salary. For example 50% of the people who perform the job of Logistics Director in Oakland are expected to make less than the median.
Source: HR Reported data as of April 2014
View Logistics Jobs by Salary Range:
Directs and oversees operations within the organization's logistics department, including the transportation and storage of goods, vendor selection and negotiation, distribution, and inventory control. Develops logistics plans and procedures to ensure that internal and client needs are met. Typically requires a bachelor's degree in area of specialty and at least 10 years of experience in the field. Familiar with a variety of the field's concepts, practices, and procedures. Relies of extensive experience and judgment to plan and accomplish goals. Performs a variety of complicated tasks. Leads and directs the work of others. A wide degree of creativity and latitude is expected. Typically reports to top management.
View full job description
* Based on user behavior


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2012 News Releases and Information
Deere Reports Record Fourth-Quarter Earnings of $688 Million
MOLINE, Illinois (November 21, 2012) — Net income attributable to Deere & Company was $687.6 million, or $1.75 per share, for the fourth quarter ended October 31, compared with $669.6 million, or $1.62 per share, for the same period last year.
For fiscal 2012, net income attributable to Deere & Company was $3.065 billion, or $7.63 per share, compared with $2.800 billion, or $6.63 per share, in 2011.
Worldwide net sales and revenues rose 14 percent, to $9.792 billion, for the fourth quarter and increased 13 percent to $36.157 billion for the full year. Net sales of the equipment operations were $9.047 billion for the quarter and $33.501 billion for the year, compared with $7.903 billion and $29.466 billion for the same periods in 2011.
"In the face of continuing global economic pressure, John Deere has completed another record year," said Samuel R. Allen, chairman and chief executive officer. "Our success reflects positive customer response to our lines of innovative equipment coupled with extensive efforts to expand our global competitive position."
During the year, Deere continued with the record introduction of new products, while opening or moving ahead with new factories in China, India, and Brazil. In the U.S., the company announced capacity expansions for tractors, sprayers, and cylinders. "John Deere's performance illustrates the continuing impact of our operating model, which stresses a disciplined approach to cost and asset management," Allen said. "As a result, we are achieving strong financial results and generating high levels of cash flow. These dollars are funding growth activities throughout the world and providing value directly to investors."
Summary of Operations
Net sales of the worldwide equipment operations increased 14 percent for the fourth quarter and full year compared with the same periods in 2011. Sales included price realization of 4 percent and an unfavorable currency-translation effect of 3 percent for both periods. Equipment net sales in the United States and Canada increased 26 percent for the quarter and 20 percent for the year. Outside the U.S. and Canada, net sales decreased 2 percent for the quarter and increased 5 percent for the year, with unfavorable currency-translation effects of 7 percent and 6 percent for these periods.
Deere's equipment operations reported operating profit of $1.051 billion for the quarter and $4.397 billion for the full year, compared with $955 million and $3.839 billion for the same periods in 2011. The improvement in the quarter was primarily due to the impact of higher shipment volumes and price realization. These factors were partially offset by higher production costs and increased selling, administrative and general, and research and development expenses. Also affecting results was a goodwill impairment charge related to the company's John Deere Water reporting unit and unfavorable effects of foreign currency exchange.
Full-year results improved primarily due to the impact of price realization and higher shipment volumes. Partially offsetting these factors were higher production and raw-material costs, unfavorable effects of foreign currency exchange, and increased research and development, and selling, administrative and general expenses. The increase in production costs for both periods was primarily related to new products, engine-emission requirements and incentive compensation expenses.
Net income of the company's equipment operations was $576 million for the fourth quarter and $2.616 billion for the full year, compared with $552 million and $2.329 billion in 2011. The same operating factors mentioned above, along with a higher effective tax rate and increased interest expense, affected both quarterly and annual results.
Financial services reported net income attributable to Deere & Company of $121.7 million for the quarter and $460.3 million for the year compared with $122.1 million and $471.0 million in 2011. Results were slightly lower for the quarter primarily due to higher reserves for crop insurance claims, increased selling, administrative and general expenses, a higher provision for credit losses and narrower financing spreads. These factors were almost entirely offset by growth in the credit portfolio. Fiscal-year 2012 results were lower primarily due to increased selling, administrative and general expenses, higher reserves for crop insurance claims and narrower financing spreads, partially offset by growth in the credit portfolio and a lower provision for credit losses.
Company Outlook & Summary
Company equipment sales are projected to increase by about 5 percent for full year 2013 and to be up about 10 percent for the first quarter compared with the same periods of 2012. For fiscal 2013, net income attributable to Deere & Company is anticipated to be about $3.2 billion.
"Deere remains well-positioned to carry out its growth plans and capitalize on positive long-term trends, even though present global economic and fiscal concerns warrant continued caution," Allen said. "With support from a highly committed group of employees, dealers and suppliers, our plans for helping meet the world's growing need for food and infrastructure are moving ahead and achieving a good deal of success.
"We are proud of the company's performance in 2012 and look forward to building on these gains in 2013 and beyond. Despite fragile economic conditions in many regions, we have great confidence in the company's prospects and in our ability to deliver value to investors and other stakeholders in the future."
Equipment Division Performance
Market Conditions & Outlook
John Deere Capital Corporation
Safe Harbor Statement
Safe Harbor Statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995: Statements under "Company Outlook & Summary," "Market Conditions & Outlook," and other forward-looking statements herein that relate to future events, expectations, trends and operating periods involve certain factors that are subject to change, and important risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially. Some of these risks and uncertainties could affect particular lines of business, while others could affect all of the company's businesses.
The company's agricultural equipment business is subject to a number of uncertainties including the many interrelated factors that affect farmers' confidence. These factors include worldwide economic conditions, demand for agricultural products, world grain stocks, weather conditions (including its effects on timely planting and harvesting), soil conditions (including low subsoil moisture from recent drought conditions), harvest yields, prices for commodities and livestock, crop and livestock production expenses, availability of transport for crops, the growth of non-food uses for some crops (including ethanol and biodiesel production), real estate values, available acreage for farming, the land ownership policies of various governments, changes in government farm programs and policies (including those in Argentina, Brazil, China, the European Union, India, Russia and the U.S.), international reaction to such programs, changes in and effects of crop insurance programs, global trade agreements, animal diseases and their effects on poultry, beef and pork consumption and prices, crop pests and diseases, and the level of farm product exports (including concerns about genetically modified organisms).
Factors affecting the outlook for the company's turf and utility equipment include general economic conditions, consumer confidence, weather conditions, customer profitability, consumer borrowing patterns, consumer purchasing preferences, housing starts, infrastructure investment, spending by municipalities and golf courses, and consumable input costs.
General economic conditions, consumer spending patterns, real estate and housing prices, the number of housing starts and interest rates are especially important to sales of the company's construction and forestry equipment. The levels of public and non-residential construction also impact the results of the company's construction and forestry segment. Prices for pulp, paper, lumber and structural panels are important to sales of forestry equipment.
All of the company's businesses and its reported results are affected by general economic conditions in the global markets in which the company operates, especially material changes in economic activity in these markets; customer confidence in general economic conditions; foreign currency exchange rates and their volatility, especially fluctuations in the value of the U.S. dollar; interest rates; and inflation and deflation rates. General economic conditions can affect demand for the company's equipment as well. Uncertainty about and actual government spending and taxing could adversely affect the economy, employment, consumer and corporate spending, and company results.
Customer and company operations and results could be affected by changes in weather patterns (including the effects of drought conditions in parts of the U.S. and dryer than normal conditions in certain other markets); the political and social stability of the global markets in which the company operates; the effects of, or response to, terrorism and security threats; wars and other conflicts and the threat thereof; and the spread of major epidemics.
Significant changes in market liquidity conditions and any failure to comply with financial covenants in credit agreements could impact access to funding and funding costs, which could reduce the company's earnings and cash flows. Financial market conditions could also negatively impact customer access to capital for purchases of the company's products and customer confidence and purchase decisions; borrowing and repayment practices; and the number and size of customer loan delinquencies and defaults. The sovereign debt crisis, in Europe or elsewhere, could negatively impact currencies, global financial markets, social and political stability, funding sources and costs, asset and obligation values, customers, suppliers, and company operations and results. State debt crises also could negatively impact customers, suppliers, demand for equipment, and company operations and results. The company's investment management activities could be impaired by changes in the equity and bond markets, which would negatively affect earnings.
Additional factors that could materially affect the company's operations, access to capital, expenses and results include changes in and the impact of governmental trade, banking, monetary and fiscal policies, including financial regulatory reform and its effects on the consumer finance industry, derivatives, funding costs and other areas, and governmental programs, policies and tariffs in particular jurisdictions or for the benefit of certain industries or sectors (including protectionist and expropriation policies and trade and licensing restrictions that could disrupt international commerce); actions by the U.S. Federal Reserve Board and other central banks; actions by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission and other financial regulators; actions by environmental, health and safety regulatory agencies, including those related to engine emissions (in particular Interim Tier 4, Final Tier 4 and Stage IIIb non-road diesel emission requirements), carbon and other greenhouse gas emissions, noise and the risk of climate change; changes in labor regulations; changes to accounting standards; changes in tax rates, estimates, and regulations; compliance with U.S. and foreign laws when expanding to new markets; and actions by other regulatory bodies including changes in laws and regulations affecting the sectors in which the company operates. Customer and company operations and results also could be affected by changes to GPS radio frequency bands or their permitted uses.
Other factors that could materially affect results include production, design and technological innovations and difficulties, including capacity and supply constraints and prices; the availability and prices of strategically sourced materials, components and whole goods; delays or disruptions in the company's supply chain or the loss of liquidity by suppliers; the failure of suppliers to comply with laws, regulations and company policy pertaining to employment, human rights, health, safety, the environment and other ethical business practices; start-up of new plants and new products; the success of new product initiatives and customer acceptance of new products; changes in customer product preferences and sales mix whether as a result of changes in equipment design to meet government regulations or for other reasons; gaps or limitations in rural broadband coverage, capacity and speed needed to support technology solutions; oil and energy prices and supplies; the availability and cost of freight; actions of competitors in the various industries in which the company competes, particularly price discounting; dealer practices especially as to levels of new and used field inventories; labor relations; acquisitions and divestitures of businesses, the integration of new businesses; the implementation of organizational changes; difficulties related to the conversion and implementation of enterprise resource planning systems that disrupt business, negatively impact supply or distribution relationships or create higher than expected costs; security breaches and other disruptions to the company's information technology infrastructure; changes in company declared dividends and common stock issuances and repurchases.
Company results are also affected by changes in the level and funding of employee retirement benefits, changes in market values of investment assets and the level of interest rates, which impact retirement benefit costs, and significant changes in health care costs including those which may result from governmental action.
The liquidity and ongoing profitability of John Deere Capital Corporation and other credit subsidiaries depend largely on timely access to capital to meet future cash flow requirements and fund operations and the costs associated with engaging in diversified funding activities and to fund purchases of the company's products. If market uncertainty increases and general economic conditions worsen, funding could be unavailable or insufficient. Additionally, customer confidence levels may result in declines in credit applications and increases in delinquencies and default rates, which could materially impact write-offs and provisions for credit losses. The failure of reinsurers of the company's insurance business also could materially affect results.
The company's outlook is based upon assumptions relating to the factors described above, which are sometimes based upon estimates and data prepared by government agencies. Such estimates and data are often revised. The company, except as required by law, undertakes no obligation to update or revise its outlook, whether as a result of new developments or otherwise. Further information concerning the company and its businesses, including factors that potentially could materially affect the company's financial results, is included in the company's other filings with the SEC (including, but not limited to, the factors discussed in Item 1A. Risk Factors of the company's most recent annual report on Form 10-K and quarterly reports on Form 10-Q).
This media release, financial highlights, and more financial data are
available in PDF format.
For further information, the news media should call:Ken Golden
Director, Global Public Relations
Deere & Company


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Privacy Officer
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FRIENDS of Canadian Broadcasting
Ian Morrison - Privacy Officer
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Toronto, Ontario
Fax: (416) 968-7406
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Blog Comment Policy
While Friends of Canadian Broadcasting welcomes spirited debate, we will not allow personal attacks, profanity, libellous, infringing or other inappropriate or unlawful comments on our blog. Nor will violations of privacy or publicity rights be allowed. We reserve the right to edit or delete any comments at any time.
Refund Policy:
In the event a financial supporter requests a donation refund, FRIENDS will return contributions made up to 12 months before the request.
This page was last updated Dec 9, 2011.


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Results 6 to 10 of 15
Thread: Eva - classic or trendy?
May 24th, 2013 02:58 PM #6
Love Eva! I see it as more classic than trendy--the lowest it's ever ranked is 362 in America, and that was in 97. It seems so classic and beautiful and refreshing, despite the popularity of Ava and Evie names.
Eva is so short already--I would think you could avoid the nn Evie. I do like Eva nn Evie, but if you don't like it, it seems pretty avoidable. I mean, it seems pretty pointless to use a nn for such a short name already.Lise
twenty-something name lover dreaming of adoption.
Isabelle | Arianne | Olivia | Violet | Catherine | Emmeline | Lillian | Charlotte | Eleni | Anne-Sophie | Tess | Eva | Winter | Hazel
Caleb | Everett | Jack | Avery | Zane | Samuel | Grant | Declan | Brody | Bailey | Addison | Leo | Grayson
"Ma patrie, c'est la langue française." - Albert Camus
May 24th, 2013 03:15 PM #8
May 24th, 2013 03:50 PM #10
May 24th, 2013 07:06 PM #12Member
- Join Date
- Oct 2012
- Posts
- 36
I would say that Eva is a classic that is trendy right now. It's gone up 275 spot in the past 15 years but it never got that low. I pronounce Eva with a long E and Evelyn with a short E so Evie wouldn't be a logical nn for Eva. My grandmother is Evie and it's short for Evelyn. If I heard Evie I would assumed that's what it was short for.Rosemary June or Jane Evelyn
Henry Francis or Theodore Francis
Due 6/4/14
May 24th, 2013 07:42 PM #14Senior Member
- Join Date
- Jan 2013
- Posts
- 617
I think its a classic, its very beautiful
♥Mama to Amelie Clara (2008) & Daisy Madeline (2013).
Lucy, Ivy, Maya, Rosabel, Victoria, Alice, Molly, Juliet, Annabel, Sofia.
Charlie, Arthur, William, Isaac, Noah, Finn, Vincent, Alexander, Zachary, Oscar.


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In this issue . . .
Q: Can we know when Jesus will return?
A: May 21 came and went. There was no worldwide earthquake. There was no rapture. The Lord did not choose that day to return. Harold Camping once again demonstrated the biblical truth, "You know neither the day nor the hour in which the Son of Man is coming" (Matthew 25:13).
Unfortunately, like so many false prophets before him, Camping refuses to admit he was wrong. Instead, he has stated that Judgment Day really did occur—it was just a "spiritual" judgment—and Christ will actually return on October 21.
Harold Camping has given us a clear example of the absurdities one must go to in defense of an allegorical interpretation of the Bible. We urge you to simply take the Bible as it is written and to interpret a given passage according to the principles consistent with its particular genre. When we try to spiritualize a historical account or add in a double-meaning not clearly stated in scripture, we do injustice to the Word of God.
Continue reading about how to discern the difference between sound biblical teaching and eisegesis (reading ideas into the text).
News to Note Quick Look
Dinosaur tracks and people?: The ambiguous headline announcing a paper published in the Geological Bulletin of China has caused some folks to do a double take. Something was gained in the translation! Of course, the intended meaning is that humans coexist with the tracks. Read more.
Human clones: Remember Dolly? Dolly the sheep started life as an embryonic clone produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer. SCNT is a process in which the genome of an oocyte (egg cell) is replaced with the genome from a body cell. Researchers trying to find alternative sources of human embryonic stem cells have been trying to do the same thing, although their plan is to destroy the embryos while harvesting their stem cells, not to grow a cloned person. Read more.
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Who's the best dressed on the job? YOU are! That is, when your back is covered in these comfortable Pocket T-shirts by Berne®. They're the casual choice! Nothing beats cool, breathable, 100% cotton fabric. So soft to the touch!
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