text: Explore India Fact file Where to go When to go Getting there Entry requirements Health Getting around Accommodation Food and drink The media Festivals and holidays Sports Trekking and outdoor activities Yoga, meditation and ashrams Culture and etiquette Shopping Travelling with children Travel essentials Share Costs For Western visitors, India is still one of the world's less expensive countries. A little foreign currency can go a long way, and you can be confident of getting good value for your money, whether you're setting out to keep your budget to a minimum or to enjoy the opportunities that spending a bit more will make possible. What you spend obviously depends on where you go, where you stay, how you get around, what you eat and what you buy. Outside the tourist resorts of Kerala and Goa, you could just about survive on a budget of as little as Rs750 (£11/$17) per day, if you eat in local dhabas, stay in the cheapest hotels and don't travel too much. In reality, most backpackers nowadays tend to spend at least double that. On Rs2000 per day you'll be able to afford comfortable mid-range hotels, and meals in smarter restaurants, regular rickshaw or taxi rides and entrance fees to monuments. Spend around Rs5000 (£75/$110) per day and you can stay in smart hotels, eat in the top restaurants, travel first class on trains and afford chauffeur-driven cars. Although it is possible to travel very comfortably in India, it's also possible to spend a great deal of money, if you want to experience the very best the country has to offer, and there are plenty of hotels now charging $500 per night, sometimes a lot more. Budget accommodation is still very good value, however. Cheap double rooms usually start from around Rs400 (£6/$9) per night, while a no-frills vegetarian meal in an ordinary restaurant will typically cost no more than Rs100. Long-distance transport can work out to be phenomenally good value if you stick to state buses and standard second-class non-a/c trains, but soon starts to add up if you opt for air-conditioned carriages on the superfast intercity services. The 200km trip from Delhi to Agra, for example, can cost anywhere from Rs78 (£1/$1.75) in second class unreserved up to Rs755 (£11.50/$17) in first-class a/c. Where you are also makes a difference: Mumbai is notoriously pricey, especially for accommodation, and Delhi is also substantially more expensive than most parts of the country. Upscale visitor accommodation in Kerala costs almost as much as it does in Europe, although fierce competition tends to keep prices at the lower end of the budget spectrum down in the tourist towns of Rajasthan. Out in the sticks, on the other hand, and particularly away from your fellow tourists, you will often find things incredibly cheap, though your choice will obviously be more limited. Don't make any rigid assumptions at the outset of a long trip that your money will last for a certain number of weeks or months. On any one day it may be possible to spend very little, but cumulatively you won't be doing yourself any favours if you don't make sure you keep yourself well rested and properly fed. As a foreigner in India, you will find yourself penalized by double-tier entry prices to museums and historic sites (see ASI entrance fees) as well as in upmarket hotels and airfares, both of which are levied at a higher rate and in dollars. Some independent travellers tend to indulge in wild and highly competitive penny-pinching, which Indian people find rather pathetic – they have a fair idea of what you can earn at home. Bargain where appropriate, but don't begrudge a few rupees to someone who's worked hard for them: consider what their services would cost in your own country, and how much more valuable the money is to them than it is to you. Even if you get a bad deal on every rickshaw journey you make, it will only add a minuscule fraction to the cost of your trip. Remember too, that every pound or dollar you spend in India goes that much further, and luxuries you can't afford at home become possible here: sometimes it's worth spending more simply because you get more for it. At the same time, don't pay well over the odds for something if you know what the going rate is. Thoughtless extravagance can, particularly in remote areas that see a disproportionate number of tourists, contribute to inflation, putting even basic goods and services beyond the reach of local people. Crime and personal safety In spite of the crushing poverty and the yawning gulf between rich and poor, India is, on the whole, a safe country in which to travel. As a tourist, however, you are an obvious target for the tiny number of thieves (who may include some of your fellow travellers), and stand to face serious problems if you do lose your passport, money and ticket home. Common sense, therefore, suggests a few precautions. Beware of crowded locations, such as packed buses or trains, in which it is easy for pickpockets to operate – slashing pockets or bags with razor blades is not unheard of in certain locations, and itching powder is sometimes used to distract the unwary. Don't leave valuables unattended on the beach when you go for a swim; backpacks in dormitory accommodation are also obvious targets, as is luggage on the roof of buses. Even monkeys rate a mention here, since it's not unknown for them to steal things from hotel rooms with open windows, or even to snatch bags from unsuspecting shoulders. Budget travellers would do well to carry a padlock, as these are usually used to secure the doors of cheap hotel rooms and it's reassuring to know you have the only key. You can also use them to lock your bag to seats or racks in trains, for which a length of chain also comes in handy. Don't put valuables in your luggage for bus or plane journeys: keep them with you at all times. If your baggage is on the roof of a bus, make sure it is well secured. On trains and buses, the prime time for theft is just before you leave, so keep a particular eye on your gear then, beware of deliberate diversions, and don't put your belongings next to open windows. Remember that routes popular with tourists tend to be popular with thieves too. Druggings leading to theft and worse are rare but not unheard of and so you are best advised to politely refuse food and drink from fellow passengers or passing strangers, unless you are completely confident it's the family picnic you are sharing or have seen the food purchased from a vendor. However, don't get paranoid; the best way of enjoying the country is to stay relaxed but with your wits about you. Crime levels in India are a long way below those of Western countries, and violent crime against tourists is extremely rare. Virtually none of the people who approach you on the street intend any harm: most want to sell you something (though this is not always made apparent immediately), some want to practise their English, others (if you're a woman) to chat you up, while more than a few just want to add your address to their book or have a snap taken with you. Anyone offering wonderful-sounding moneymaking schemes, however, is almost certain to be a con artist. If you do feel threatened, it's worth looking for help. Tourism police are found sitting in clearly marked booths in the main railway stations, especially in big tourist centres, where they will also have a booth in the main bus station. In addition, they may have a marked booth outside major tourist sites. Be wary of credit card fraud; a credit card can be used to make duplicate forms by which your account is then billed for fictitious transactions, so don't let shops or restaurants take your card away to process – insist they do it in front of you or follow them to the point of transaction. It's not a bad idea to keep $200 or so separately from the rest of your money, along with your travellers' cheque receipts, insurance policy number and phone number for claims, and a photocopy of the pages in your passport containing personal data and your Indian visa. This will cover you in case you do lose all your valuables. If the worst happens and you get robbed, the first thing to do is report the theft as soon as possible to the local police. They are very unlikely to recover your belongings, but you need a report from them in order to claim on your travel insurance. Dress smartly and expect an uphill battle – city cops in particular tend to be jaded from too many insurance and travellers' cheque scams. Losing your passport is a real hassle, but does not necessarily mean the end of your trip. First, report the loss immediately to the police, who will issue you with the all-important "complaint form" that you need to be able to travel around and check into hotels, as well as claim back any expenses incurred in replacing your passport from your insurer. A complaint form, however, will not allow you to change money or travellers' cheques. If you've run out of cash, your best bet is to ask your hotel manager to help you out (staff will have seen your passport when you checked in, and the number will be in the register). The next thing to do is telephone your nearest embassy or consulate in India. Normally, passports have to be applied for and collected in person, but if you are stranded, it is usually possible to arrange to receive the necessary forms in the post. However, you still have to go to the embassy or consulate to pick up your new passport. "Emergency passports" are the cheapest form of replacement, but are normally only valid for the few days of your return flight. If you're not sure when you're leaving India, you'll have to obtain a more costly "full passport"; these can only be issued by embassies and larger consulates in Delhi or Mumbai, and not those in Chennai, Kolkata or Panjim (Goa). Duty free allowance Anyone over 17 can bring in one US quart (0.95 litre – but nobody's going to quibble about the other 5ml) of spirits, or a bottle of wine and 250ml spirits; plus 200 cigarettes, or 50 cigars, or 250g tobacco. You may be required to register anything valuable on a tourist baggage re-export form to make sure you can take it home with you, and to fill in a currency declaration form if carrying more than $10,000 or the equivalent. Electricity Generally 220V 50Hz AC, though direct current supplies also exist, so check before plugging in. Most sockets are triple round-pin (accepting European-size double round-pin plugs). British, Irish and Australasian plugs will need an adaptor, preferably universal; American and Canadian appliances will need a transformer too, unless multi-voltage. Power cuts and voltage variations are very common; voltage stabilizers should be used to run sensitive appliances such as laptops. Gay and lesbian travellers Homosexuality is not generally open or accepted in India, but in a landmark decision in July 2009, the High Court declared unconstitutional the Victorian ban on gay sex between consenting adults, as a result of which it is now legal. Prejudice is still ingrained however, especially in conservative areas such as Rajasthan. For lesbians, making contacts is difficult; even the Indian women's movement does not readily promote lesbianism as an issue that needs confronting.For gay men, homosexuality is no longer solely the preserve of the alternative scene of actors and artists, and is increasingly accepted by the upper classes, but Mumbai remains much more a centre for gay life than Delhi, let alone traditionalist Rajasthan. Following the High Court ruling however, there are now gay nights in several Delhi clubs, and Time Out Delhi has a section on gay and lesbian events. One group of people you may come across are hijras, who look like transvestites and are accepted as a transitional "third sex" between male and female. Pukka hijras are born with genitals that are neither fully male nor female, but some are eunuchs, who undergo castration to become hijras because they are transsexuals (physically male but psychologically female). They live in their own "families" and have a niche in Indian society, but not an easy one. At weddings, their presence is supposed to bring good luck, and they are usually given baksheesh for putting in a brief appearance. Generally, however, they have a low social status, face widespread discrimination, and many make a living by begging or prostitution. You will need to contact the following places in advance for information as most addresses are PO boxes: Campaign for Lesbian Rights (CALERI)/Shakhi PO Box 3526, Lajpat Nagar, New Delhi 110065 e[email protected]. Collective working for lesbian rights. Gay Delhi Weekly social meetings and other events for gay men in Delhi; for information send a blank e-mail to e[email protected]. Humsafar Trust whttp://www.humsafar.org. Set up to promote safe sex among gay men, but the website has lots of links and up-to-date information. Indian Dost whttp://www.indiandost.com/delhigay.php. The Delhi page of a website for gay men in India. International Gay and Lesbian Human Rights Commission whttp://www.iglhrc.org. Latest news on the human rights situation for gay people worldwide, including regular bulletins on India. Purple Dragon Lobby of the Tarntawan Place Hotel, 119/5-10 Suriwong Road, Bangkok 10500, Thailand t+662/238-3227, whttp://www.purpledrag.com. Thai-based gay-friendly tour operator covering India with tours of Delhi and the "Golden Triangle", and add-ons including Ranthambore and Udaipur. Sangini PO Box 7532, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi 110070, whttp://www.sanginii.org. Lesbian information, support and contacts. Helpline Tues noon–3pm and Fri 6–8pm on t011/5567 6450. Timeless India 215–217 Somdutt Chamber-II, 9 Bhikaji Cama Place, New Delhi 110066 t011/2617 4205 or t 6, whttp://www.timelessexcursions.com. Tour operator offering a gay-oriented tour of Rajasthan, staying in gay-friendly heritage hotels. Insurance It's imperative that you take out proper travel insurance before setting off for India. In addition to covering medical expenses and emergency flights, travel insurance also insures your money and belongings against loss or theft. Before paying for a new policy, however, it's worth checking whether you are already covered: some all-risks home insurance policies may cover your possessions when overseas, and many private medical schemes include cover when abroad. In Canada, provincial health plans usually provide partial medical cover for mishaps overseas, while holders of official student/teacher/youth cards in Canada and the US are entitled to meagre accident coverage and hospital in-patient benefits. Students will often find that their student health coverage extends during the vacations and for one term beyond the date of last enrolment. After exhausting the possibilities above, you might want to contact a specialist travel insurance company, or consider the travel insurance deal offered by Rough Guides. A typical travel insurance policy usually provides cover for the loss of baggage, tickets and – up to a certain limit – cash or cheques, as well as cancellation or curtailment of your journey. Most of them exclude so-called dangerous sports unless an extra premium is paid: in India this can mean scuba diving, whitewater rafting, windsurfing and trekking with ropes, though probably not jeep safaris. Many policies can be chopped and changed to exclude coverage you don't need – for example, sickness and accident benefits can often be excluded or included at will. If you do take medical coverage, ascertain whether benefits will be paid as treatment proceeds or only after return home, and whether there is a 24-hour medical emergency number. When securing baggage cover, make sure that the per-article limit – typically under £500 – will cover your most valuable possession. If you need to make a claim, you should keep receipts for medicines and medical treatment, and in the event you have anything stolen, you must obtain an official statement from the police. Internet All large cities and tourist towns now have at least a few (usually dozens) of places where you can get online, either at cyber cafés or your hotel or guesthouse. Prices typically range from around Rs20 to Rs60/hr. Unfortunately, connections are still poor in many places, with antiquated computers and maddeningly slow and unreliable dial-up connections, making it difficult to load complex websites or to perform online transactions (like booking a train ticket). Laundry In India, no one goes to the laundry: if they don't do their own, they send it out to a dhobi. Wherever you are staying, there will either be an in-house dhobi, or one very close by to call on. The dhobi will take your dirty washing to a dhobi ghat, a public clothes-washing area (the bank of a river for example), where it is shown some old-fashioned discipline: separated, soaped and given a damn good thrashing to beat the dirt out of it. Then it is hung out to dry in the sun and, once dried, taken to the ironing sheds where every garment is endowed with razor-sharp creases and then matched to its rightful owner by hidden cryptic markings. Your clothes will come back from the dhobi absolutely spotless, though this kind of violent treatment does take it out of them: buttons get lost and eventually the cloth starts to fray. If you'd rather not entrust your Savile Row made-to-measure to their tender mercies, there are dry-cleaners in large towns. It is illegal for a foreign tourist to work in India, and there's no shortage of English teachers, but you may consider doing some voluntary charitable work. Several charities welcome volunteers on a medium-term commitment, say over two months. People visiting India on business or with employment arranged in advance may apply for a business visa, and non-resident Indians are entitled to stay for up to five years. If you want to spend your time working as a volunteer for an NGO (Non-Governmental Organization), you should make arrangements well before you arrive by contacting the body in question, rather than on spec. Special visas are generally not required unless you intend to work for longer than six months. For information about which NGOs are operating across the country, log on to whttp://www.indianngos.com and select options from a drop-down list. Animal Aid 6900 37th Ave SW, Seattle, WA 98126, US; Badi Village, Across from T.B. Hospital. Main Road, Udaipur 313004, Rajasthan t 0294/251 3359; whttp://www.animalaidunlimited.com. Animal welfare group working to alleviate animal suffering in Udaipur, Rajasthan. No special skills are required, though volunteers with veterinary knowledge are especially welcome. Children Walking Tall , "The Mango House", House 148/3, near Vrundavan Hospital, Karaswada, Mapusa. Bardez, Goa 403526 t09822124 802, whttp://www.childrenwalkingtall.com. A British-run operation that works with slum children in north Goa. Volunteers are needed to distribute clothes and fruit, sort through donations, teach or organize fundraising events. Concern India Foundation A-52, 1st Floor, Amar Colony, Lajpat Nagar-IV, New Delhi 110024 t011/2622 4482 or t3, whttp://www.concernindia.org. Charitable trust supporting grassroots NGOs working with disadvantaged people. Darjeeling Children's Trust Rewang House, Dr. Zakir Hussein Rd, Darjeeling t09474 030016; whttp://www.darjeelingchildrenstrust.com. Retired Major Pasang Wangdi helps run the UK-based charity, supporting eight primary schools, all within walking distance of the Chowrasta. Volunteers who are willing to give a week or more of their time are welcome. DISHA Foundation Disha Path, near JDA Park, Nirman Nagar-C, Jaipur 302019, Rajasthan t0141/239 3319, whttp://www.dishafoundation.org. Resource centre for children with cerebral palsy. Needs donations, sponsors, and volunteers with time or specific skills. Friends of Shekhewati C/o Apani Dhani, Nawalgarh 333042, Rajasthan t01594/222 239, whttp://www.apanidhani.com/. Conservation group aiming to save Shekhewati's art heritage; needs writers, photographers, architects and architecture students to volunteer their services. Goa Animal Welfare Trust (GAWT) Old Police Station, Bansai, Cacora-Curchorem, Salcete, Goa 403706 t0832/265 3677, whttp://www.gawt.org. GAWT does sterling work with stray and mistreated animals, and welcome volunteers in the respective centres around Goa. Mandore Medical and Relief Society 10-D Near Government Bus Stand, Paota, Jodhpur 342006, Rajasthan t0291/254 5210, whttp://www.mandore.com. Takes on volunteers for periods as short as a week to work in health awareness and education projects in rural areas around Jodhpur. Salaam Baalak Trust 2nd Floor, DDA Community Centre, Gali Chandiwali, Paharganj, Delhi 110055 t011/2358 4164, whttp://www.salaambaalaktrust.com. Charity working to help street children in Delhi's Paharganj. Their website has an application form for volunteers. Sambhali Trust Durg Niwas Guesthouse, 1 Old Public Park, Raika Bagh, Jodhpur 342001, Rajasthan t0291/251 2385, whttp://www.sambhali-trust.org. Locally based NGO dedicated to providing education, training and empowerment to girls and women from underprivileged backgrounds in rural Rajasthan. Seva Mandir Old Fatehpura, Udaipur 313004, Rajasthan t0294/245 1041, whttp://www.sevamandir.org. NGO working in "tribal" villages in the Udaipur district; takes interns to help with development projects. SOS Children's Villages of India A-7 Nizamuddin (West), New Delhi 110013 t011/2435 7299, whttp://www.soscvindia.org. SOS has projects in different parts of India, including Delhi and Rajasthan, giving shelter to distressed children by providing a healthy environment and education including vocational training. Left luggage Most stations in India have "cloakrooms" (sometimes called parcel offices) for passengers to leave their baggage. These can be extremely handy if you want to go sightseeing in a town and move on the same day. In theory, you need a train ticket or Indrail pass to deposit luggage, but staff don't always ask; they may, however, refuse to take your bag if you can't lock it. Losing your reclaim ticket causes problems; the clerk will be assumed to have stolen the bag if he can't produce it, so there'll be untold running around to obtain clearance before you can get your bag without it. Make sure, when checking baggage in, that the cloakroom will be open when you need to pick it up. The standard charge is currently Rs10 per 24 hours. Mail Mail can take anything from six days to three weeks to get to or from India, depending on where you are and the country you are mailing to; ten days is about the norm. Most post offices are open Monday to Friday from 10am to 5pm and Saturday from 10am to noon, but town GPOs keep longer hours (usually Mon–Sat 9.30am–1pm & 2–5.30pm). Stamps are not expensive, but you'll have to stick them on yourself as they tend not to be self-adhesive (every post office keeps a pot of evil-smelling glue for this purpose). Aerogrammes and postcards cost the same to anywhere in the world. Ideally, you should also have mail franked in front of you. Sending a parcel from India can be a performance. First take it to a tailor to have it wrapped in cheap cotton cloth, stitched up and sealed with wax. Next, take it to the post office, fill in and attach the relevant customs forms, buy your stamps, see them franked and dispatch it. Surface mail is incredibly cheap, and takes an average of six months to arrive – it may take half, or four times that, however. It's a good way to dump excess baggage and souvenirs, but don't send anything fragile this way. Maps Getting good maps of India, in India, can be difficult. The government – in an archaic suspicion of cartography, and in spite of full, clear coverage of the country on Google – forbids the sale of detailed maps of border areas, which includes the entire coastline. It therefore makes sense to bring a full country map of India with you. Rough Guides, in conjunction with the World Mapping Project, publishes one of the clearest and most up to date, as well as a regional map of South India (1:1,200,000) printed on untearable, water-resistant plastic paper and road-tested by the authors of this book. Nelles also covers parts of the country with 1:1,500,000 regional maps. These are generally excellent, but cost a fortune if you buy the complete set. Their double-sided map of the Himalayas is useful for roads and planning and has some detail but is not sufficient as a trekking map. Ttk, a Chennai-based company, publishes basic state maps which are widely available in India, and in some specialized travel and map shops in the UK such as Stanfords; these are poorly drawn but useful for road distances. The Indian Railways map at the back of the publication Trains at a Glance is useful for planning railway journeys. Eicher has a series of glossy, A–Z-style books (Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai and Bengaluru {Bangalore} only), produced in India and available at all good bookstores. As for trekking maps, the US Army Map Service produced maps in the 1960s which, with a scale of 1:250,000, remain sufficiently accurate on topography, but are of course outdated on the latest road developments. Most other maps you can buy are based on these, and they're still the best available for most of the Himalayan regions. Leomann Maps (1:200,000) also cover the northwest Himalayan regions. These are not contour maps and are therefore better for planning and basic reference than for trekking. The Survey of India publishes a rather poor 1:250,000 series for trekkers in the Uttarakhand Himalayas – simplified versions of their own infinitely more reliable maps, produced for the military, which are absolutely impossible for an outsider to get hold of. Money India's unit of currency is the rupee, usually abbreviated "Rs" and divided into a hundred paise. Almost all money is paper, with notes of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500 and 1000 rupees. Coins in circulation are 1, 2 and 5 rupees, and occasionally you'll see a 25 or 50 paise piece, though these are being phased out. Note that it's technically illegal to take rupees in or out of India (although they are widely available at overseas forexes), so you might want to wait until you arrive before changing money. Banknotes, especially lower denominations, can get into a terrible state. Don't accept torn banknotes, since no one else will be prepared to take them and you'll be left saddled with the things, though you can change them at the Reserve Bank of India and large branches of other big banks. Don't pass them on to beggars; they can't use them either, so it amounts to an insult. Large denominations can also be a problem, as change is usually in short supply. Many Indian people cannot afford to keep much lying around, and you shouldn't necessarily expect shopkeepers or rickshaw-wallahs to have it (and they may – as may you – try to hold onto it if they do). Paying for your groceries with a Rs100 note will probably entail waiting for the grocer's errand boy to go off on a quest to try and change it. Larger notes – like the Rs500 note – are good for travelling with and can be changed for smaller denominations at hotels and other suitable establishments. A word of warning – the Rs500 note looks remarkably similar to the Rs100 note. At the time of writing, the exchange rate was approximately Rs67 to £1, or Rs45 to $1, and Rs60 to €1. You can check latest exchange rates online at whttp://www.xe.com. ATMs, cards and travellers' cheques The easiest way to access your money in India is with plastic, though it's a good idea to also have some back-up in the form of cash or travellers' cheques. You will find ATMs at main banks in all major towns and cities, though your card issuer may well add a foreign transaction fee, and the Indian bank will also levy a small charge, generally around Rs25. Your card issuer, and sometimes the ATM itself, imposes limits on the amount you may withdraw in a day – typically Rs10,000–20,000. Note, too, that the first time you try to take money out after arriving in India your request may be refused – a standard security procedure aimed at preventing fraud. Telephone your bank or credit card's 24 hour line for the block to be removed – or better still telephone your bank before you leave home to warn them. Credit cards are accepted for payment at major hotels, top restaurants, some shops and airline offices, but virtually nowhere else. American Express, MasterCard and Visa are the likeliest to be accepted. Beware of people making extra copies of the receipt, in order to fraudulently bill you later; always insist that the transaction is made before your eyes. One big downside of relying on plastic as your main access to cash, of course, is that cards can easily get lost or stolen, so take along a couple of alternatives if you can, keep an emergency stash of cash just in case, and make a note of your home bank's telephone number and website addresses for emergencies. US dollars are the easiest currency to convert, with euros and pounds sterling not far behind. Major hard currencies can be changed easily in tourist areas and big cities, less so elsewhere. If you enter the country with more than US$10,000 or the equivalent, you are supposed to fill in a currency declaration form. In addition to cash and plastic (or as a generally less convenient alternative to the latter), consider carrying some travellers' cheques. You pay a small commission (usually one percent) to buy these with cash in the same currency, a little more to convert from a different currency, but they have the advantage over cash that, if lost or stolen, they can be replaced. Not all banks, however, accept them. Well-known brands such as Thomas Cook and American Express are your best bet, but in some places even American Express is only accepted in US dollars and not as pounds sterling. Visa and American Express offer pre-paid cards that you can load up with credit before you leave home and use in ATMs like a debit card – effectively travellers' cheques in plastic form. Changing money Changing money in regular banks, especially government-run banks such as the State Bank of India (SBI), can be a time-consuming business, involving lots of form-filling and queuing at different counters, so it's best to change substantial amounts at any one time. You'll have no such problems, however, with private companies such as Thomas Cook or American Express. Major cities and main tourist centres usually have several licensed currency exchange bureaux; rates usually aren't as good as at a bank, but transactions are generally a lot quicker and there's less paperwork to complete. Outside banking hours (Mon–Fri 10am–2/4pm, Sat 10am–noon), large hotels may change money, probably at a lower rate, and exchange bureaux have longer opening hours. Banks at Mumbai and Chennai airports stay open 24 hours, but neither is very conveniently located. Wherever you change money, hold on to exchange receipts ("encashment certificates"); they will be required if you want to change back any excess rupees when you leave the country, and to buy air tickets and reserve train berths with rupees at special counters for foreigners. The State Bank of India now charges for tax clearance forms. Opening hours Standard shop opening hours in India are Monday to Saturday 9.30am to 6pm. Most big stores, at any rate, keep those hours, while smaller shops vary from town to town, religion to religion, and one to another, but usually keep longer hours. Government tourist offices are open Monday to Friday 9.30am to 5pm, Saturday 9.30am to 1pm, closed on the third Saturday of the month, and occasionally also the second Saturday of the month; state-run tourist offices are likely to be open Monday to Friday 10am to 5pm. Phones Since the cellphone revolution, privately run phone international direct-dialling facilities – STD/ISD (Standard Trunk Dialling/International Subscriber Dialling) places – have become a rarity in India – too few in number, in fact, to be relied upon. In addition, calling from them will cost more than dialling from a mobile if you have an Indian SIM card. Visitors therefore nearly all bring their own phones these days, and buy an Indian SIM to cover their trip. This is quick and cheap to do – though in the wake of the 2008 Mumbai terror attacks the government has threatened to clamp down on foreigners using them, which may well make the application process more complicated. SIM cards are sold through most cellphone shops and network outlets. At the time of writing you merely had to take along a photocopy of your passport (photo and visa pages), fill in a form and pay a connection fee ranging from Rs25–250, depending on the dealer and network. Coverage varies from state to state, but the largest national network providers are best – Vodaphone, Airtel and Idea. Once your retailer has unlocked your phone, you pay for an initial charge card, which can be topped up ("re-charged" as it's known); denominations range from Rs10–1000, though only by paying certain figures (for example Rs222 with Vodaphone) will you get the full amount in credits. Call charges to the UK and US from most Indian networks cost Rs2–3 per minute. Also, get your card supplier to turn on the "do not disturb" option, or you'll be plagued with spam calls and spam texts from the phone company. Indian mobile numbers are ten-digit, starting with an 8 or (more common) a 9. However, if you are calling from outside the state where the mobile is based (but not from abroad), you need to add a zero in front of that. Calling an Indian mobile from a UK or US landline, you can save a lot of money by dialling via a company such as Ratebuster (whttp://www.ratebuster.co.uk) or Best Minutes (whttp://www.bestminutes.co.uk). No sign-up is required; just check the firms' websites for their access number for India, wait for a connection, then key in the Indian number you want to reach. Photography Beware of pointing your camera at anything that might be considered "strategic", including airports and anything military, but even at bridges, railway stations and main roads. Remember too that some people prefer not to be photographed, so it's a good idea to ask before you take a snapshot of them. More likely, you'll get people, especially kids, volunteering to pose. Most photo shops can now transfer digital images onto a CD – useful in order to free up memory space. Camera film, sold at average Western prices, is widely available in India (but check the date on the box, and note that false boxes containing outdated film are often sold). It's fairly easy to get films developed, though they don't always come out as well as they might at home. If you're after slide film, buy it in the big cities, and don't expect to find specialist brands. Sexism and women's issues India is not a country that provides huge obstacles to women travellers. In the days of the Raj, upper-class eccentrics started a tradition of lone women travellers, taken up enthusiastically by the flower children of the hippy era. Plenty of women keep up the tradition today, but few get through their trip without any hassle, and it's good to prepare yourself to be a little bit thick-skinned. Indian streets are almost without exception male-dominated – something that may take a bit of getting used to, particularly if you find yourself subjected to incessant staring, whistling and name calling. This can usually be stopped by ignoring the gaze and quickly moving on, or by firmly telling the offender to stop looking at you. Most of your fellow travellers on trains and buses will be men, who may start up most unwelcome conversations about sex, divorce and the freedom of relationships in the West. These cannot often be avoided, but demonstrating too much enthusiasm to discuss such topics can lure men into thinking that you are easy about sex, and the situation could become threatening. At its worst in larger cities, all this can become very tiring. You can get round it to a certain extent by joining women in public places, and you'll notice an immense difference if you join up with a male travelling companion. In this case, expect Indian men to approach him (assumed, of course, to be your husband – an assumption it is sometimes advantageous to go along with) and talk to him about you quite happily as if you were not there. Beware, however, if you are (or look) Indian with a non-Indian male companion: this may well cause you harassment, as you might be seen to have brought shame on your family by adopting the loose morals of the West. In addition to staring and suggestive comments and looks, sexual harassment, or "Eve teasing" as it is bizarrely known, is likely to be a nuisance, but not generally a threat. Expect to get groped in crowds, and to have men "accidentally" squeeze past you at any opportunity. It tends to be worse in cities than in small towns and villages, but anywhere being followed can be a real problem. In time you'll learn to gauge a situation – sometimes wandering around on your own may attract so much unwanted attention that you may prefer to stay in one place until you've recharged your batteries or your male fan club has moved on. It's always best to dress modestly – a salwar kameez is perfect, as is any baggy clothing – and refrain from smoking or drinking in public, which only reinforces prejudices that Western women are "loose" and "easy". Returning an unwanted touch with a punch or slap is perfectly in order (Indian women often become aggressive when offended), and does serve to vent a little frustration. It should also attract attention and urge someone to help you, or at least deal with the offending man – a man transgressing social norms is always out of line, and any passer-by will want to let him know it. If you feel someone getting too close in a crowd or on a bus, brandishing your left shoe in his face can be very effective. Going to watch a Bollywood movie at the cinema is a fun and essential part of your trip to India but, at cheap cinemas especially, such an occasion is rarely without hassle. If you do go to the cinema, it's best to go to an upmarket theatre, or at least to go with a group of people and sit in the balcony area, where it's a bit more expensive but the crowd is much more sedate. Violent sexual assaults on tourists are extremely rare, but the number of reported cases of rape is rising, and you should always take precautions: avoid quiet, dimly lit streets and alleys at night; if you find a trustworthy rickshaw/taxi driver in the day keep him for the night journey; and try to get someone to accompany you to your hotel whenever possible. While Indian women are still quite timid about reporting rape – it is considered as much a disgrace to the victim as to the perpetrator – Western victims should always report it to the police, and before leaving the area try to let other tourists, or locals, know, in the hope that pressure from the community may uncover the offender and see him brought to justice. The practicalities of travel take on a new dimension for lone women travellers. Often you can turn your gender to your advantage. For example, on intercity buses the driver and conductor will often take you under their wing, and there will be countless other instances of kindness wherever you travel. You'll be more welcome in some private houses than a group of Western males, and may find yourself learning the finer points of Indian cooking round the family's clay stove. Women frequently get preference at bus and railway stations where they can join a separate "ladies' queue", and use ladies' waiting rooms. On overnight trains the enclosed ladies' compartments are peaceful havens (unless filled with noisy children); you could also try to share a berth section with a family where you are usually drawn into the security of the group and are less exposed to lusty gazes. In hotels watch out for "peep-holes" in your door (and in the common bathrooms), be sure to cover your window when changing and when sleeping. Lastly, bring your own supply of tampons, which are not widely available outside main cities. Time India is all in one time zone: GMT+5hr 30min. This makes it 5hr 30min ahead of London, 10hr 30min ahead of New York, 13hr 30min ahead of LA, 4hr 30min behind Sydney and 6hr 30min behind NZ; however, summertime in those places will change the difference by an hour. Indian time is referred to as IST (Indian Standard Time, which cynics refer to as "Indian stretchable time"). Tipping and baksheesh As a well-off visitor you'll be expected to be liberal with your tips. Low-paid workers in hotels and restaurants often accept lower pay than they should in the expectation of generous tips during the tourist season. Ten percent should be regarded as acceptable if you've received good service – more if the staff have really gone out of their way to be helpful. Taxi and auto-rickshaw wallahs will not expect tips unless you've made unplanned diversions or stops. What to tip your driver at the end of long tours, however, is a trickier issue, especially if you've been forking out Rs150–200 for their daily allowance, as well as paying for meals. The simple answer is to give what you think they deserve, and what you can afford. Drivers working for tour operators, even more than hotel staff and waiters, depend on tips to get through the off-season (many are paid only Rs200–300 per day because their bosses know that foreign customers tend to tip well). Alms giving (baksheesh) is common throughout India; people with disabilities and mutilations often congregate in city centres and popular resorts, where they survive from begging. In such cases Rs5–10 should be sufficient. Kids demanding money, pens, sweets or the like are a different case: yielding to any request only encourages them to pester others. Toilets Western toilets are becoming much more common in India now, though you'll probably still come across a few traditional "squat" toilets – basically a hole in the ground. Paper, if used, often goes in a bucket next to the loo rather than down it. Instead, Indians use a jug of water and their left hand, a method you may also come to prefer, but if you do use paper, keep some handy. Some guesthouses and hotels do supply it, but don't count on it, and it's a good idea to stock up before going too far off the beaten track as it's not available everywhere. Travelling is especially difficult for women as facilities are limited or non-existent, especially when travelling by road rather than by rail. However, toilets in the a/c carriages of trains are usually kept clean, as are those in mid-range and a/c restaurants. In the touristy areas, most hotels offer Western-style loos, even in budget lodges. The latest development is tourist toilets at every major historical site. For Rs5 you get water, mirrors, toilet paper and a clean sit-down loo. Tourist information The main tourist website for India is whttp://www.incredibleindia.org. The Indian government also maintains a number of tourist offices abroad, whose staff are usually helpful and knowledgeable. Other sources of information include the websites of Indian embassies and tourist offices, travel agents (who are in business for themselves, so their advice may not always be totally unbiased), and Indian Railways representatives abroad. Inside India, both national and local governments run tourist information offices, providing general travel advice and handing out an array of printed material, from city maps to glossy leaflets on specific destinations. The Indian government's tourist department, whose main offices are on Janpath in New Delhi and opposite Churchgate railway station in Mumbai, has branches in most regional capitals. These, however, operate independently of the state government information counters and their commercial bureaux run by the state tourism development corporations, usually referred to by their initials (e.g. MPTDC in Madhya Pradesh, RTDC in Rajasthan, and so on), which offer a wide range of travel facilities, including guided tours, car rental and their own hotels. Just to confuse things further, the Indian government's tourist office has a corporate wing too. The Indian Tourism Development Corporation (ITDC) is responsible for the Ashok chain of hotels and operates tour and travel services, frequently competing with its state counterparts. There's all sorts of information available about India online. One particularly good general site is whttp://www.indiamike.com, a popular travel forum run out of a bedroom in New Jersey by inveterate India-phile Mike Szewczyk and featuring lively chat rooms, bulletin boards, photo archives and banks of members' travel articles. Australia Glasshouse Shopping Complex, 135 King St, Sydney NSW 2000 t02/9555, e[email protected]. Canada 60 Bloor St (West), Suite 1003, Toronto, ON M4W 3B8 t1-416/962-3787 or t8, e[email protected]. South Africa PO Box 412542, Craighall 2024, Hyde Lane, Lancaster Gate, Johannesburg 2000 t011/325 0880, e[email protected]. UK 7 Cork St, London W1S 3LH t020/7437 3677, e[email protected]. US 1270 Ave of Americas, Suite 1808 (18th floor), New York, NY 10020 t1-212/586-4901, e[email protected]; 3550 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 204, Los Angeles, CA 90010-2485 t1-213/380-8855, e[email protected]. Australian Department of Foreign Affairs whttp://www.smartraveller.gov.au. British Foreign & Commonwealth Office whttp://www.fco.gov.uk. Canadian Department of Foreign Affairs whttp://www.voyage.gc.ca. Irish Department of Foreign Affairs whttp://www.foreignaffairs.gov.ie. New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs whttp://www.safetravel.govt.nz. South African Department of Foreign Affairs whttp://www.dfa.gov.za US State Department whttp://www.travel.state.gov. Travellers with disabilities Disability is common in India; many conditions that would be curable in the West, such as cataracts, are permanent disabilities here because people can't afford the treatment. Those with disabilities are unlikely to receive the best treatment available, and the choice is usually between staying at home to be looked after by your family, and going out on the street to beg for alms. For the traveller with a disability, this has its advantages and disadvantages: disability doesn't get the same embarrassed reaction from Indian people that it does from some able-bodied Westerners. On the other hand, you'll be lucky to see a state-of-the-art wheelchair or a disabled loo, and the streets are full of all sorts of obstacles that would be hard for a blind or wheelchair-bound tourist to negotiate independently. Kerbs are often high, pavements uneven and littered, and ramps non-existent. There are potholes all over the place and open sewers. Some of the more expensive hotels have ramps for the movement of luggage and equipment, but if that makes them accessible to wheelchairs, it is by accident rather than design. Nonetheless, the 1995 Persons with Disabilities Act specifies access for all to public buildings, and is sometimes enforced. A visit to Delhi by the wheelchair-bound astro-physicist Stephen Hawking resulted in the appearance of ramps at several Delhi tourist sights including the Red Fort, Qutub Minar and Jantar Mantar. Following a 1997 court case, most major Indian airports have also been made a lot more accessible for chair users. If you walk with difficulty, you will find India's many street obstacles and steep stairs hard going. Another factor that can be a problem is the constant barrage of people proffering things (hard to wave aside if you are, for instance, on crutches), and all that queuing, not to mention heat, will take it out of you if you have a condition that makes you tire quickly. A light, folding camp-stool is one thing that could be invaluable if you have limited walking or standing power. Then again, Indian people are likely to be very helpful if, for example, you need their help getting on and off buses or up stairs. Taxis and rickshaws are easily affordable and very adaptable; if you rent one for a day, the driver is certain to help you on and off, and perhaps even around the sites you visit. If you employ a guide, they may also be prepared to help you with steps and obstacles. If complete independence is out of the question, going with an able-bodied companion might be on the cards. Contact a specialist organization for further advice on planning your trip. In Delhi, Timeless India (t011/2617 4205 or t6, whttp://www.timelessexcursions.com) offers "accessible tours" for wheelchair-bound visitors. Otherwise, some package tour operators try to cater for travellers with disabilities – Bales and Somak among them – but you should always contact any operator and discuss your exact needs with them before making a booking. You should also make sure you are covered by any insurance policy you take out. For more information about disability issues in India, check the Disability India Network website at wdisabilityindia.com. ASI entrance fees Drugs Read More


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The Solution for Seagate 7200.11 HDDs
Posted 02 November 2012 - 03:39 PM
I am having a problem that I can't seem to find much/any info on. I followed the steps for the BSY error, and got all the way to the end message. I plugged the drive into a USB cable and it was recognized (Yay!) and I started pulling files off of it. About half way through my computer stopped recognizing the drive, and I could no longer access it.
There are two partitions on the drive, one of them I can get into (with nothing of importance) and the main one I cannot. I get a mix between:
E:\ is not accessible. The disk structure is corrupted and unreadable
E:\ Parameter could not be found.
I have tried repeatedly (unsuccessfully) to try to get into it again, but nothing seems to work. Is this a different issue that popped up, or could it be something to do with the firmware issue.
Thanks in advance for your help.
Posted 03 November 2012 - 04:20 AM
No, this has nothing to do with the bricking or the unbricking, those are related to the device being inaccessible, now you have access to the device (and to one of the structures on it) but not to another structure (partition/volume/filesystem) on it.
There are two partitions on the drive, one of them I can get into (with nothing of importance) and the main one I cannot. I get a mix between:
E:\ is not accessible. The disk structure is corrupted and unreadable
E:\ Parameter could not be found.
I have tried repeatedly (unsuccessfully) to try to get into it again, but nothing seems to work. Is this a different issue that popped up, or could it be something to do with the firmware issue.
This could be caused by a "simple" corruption of the filesystem (or one of the identifiers/indexes) or a physical corruption of some sectors on the device.
Start a new thread, now you are not anymore in the 7200.11 unbricking, but in "generic" data recovery.
Posted 03 November 2012 - 07:12 AM
No, this has nothing to do with the bricking or the unbricking, those are related to the device being inaccessible, now you have access to the device (and to one of the structures on it) but not to another structure (partition/volume/filesystem) on it.
This could be caused by a "simple" corruption of the filesystem (or one of the identifiers/indexes) or a physical corruption of some sectors on the device.
Start a new thread, now you are not anymore in the 7200.11 unbricking, but in "generic" data recovery.
Thanks jclaz. This has definitely been a "journey".
Posted 05 December 2012 - 06:37 PM
Posted 12 December 2012 - 08:05 AM
I have a Seagate Barracuda 7200.11 in a busy state, and I've followed all the instructions and read through gazillions of pages and tutorials both here and on other locations.
I got the adapter hooked up to a COM1 port on a XP SP3 Laptop.
The communications are all fine and all of the steps are successful until the final step.
Last step would be:
When the prompt comes back up, turn off power to the hard drive, wait a few seconds, then turn it back on. Wait about 20 seconds, then finally do partition regeneration:
F3 T>m0,2,2,0,0,0,0,22 (enter)
Alright so I turn off the power to the harddrive, wait around 60 seconds to power it on but there's no response anymore from the harddrive, meaning the terminal is not responding to any of my commands.
I've tried:
Disconnecting and reconnecting the cables one by one (Serial cable, SATA cable, AC cable, communication cables).
Two different terminals (Putty and Hyperterminal)
I've remade all of the steps around 10 times, but still the same issue.
Everytime I disconnect the power of the harddrive (Removing the SATA cable and putting it back in after 60 seconds) I lose connection.
Loopback test is successful and rest of the communication is good.
it's just the final step that I can't get to.
I've seen people having problems with NOT powering off the HDD before executing the last step so that's not something I would like to do.
What do you recommend on doing? What is most likely the issue here? As all communication is working until I reconnect the HDD I wouldn't suspect anything wrong with the communication.
Is my controller card faulty? Is the header faulty? Am I doing something wrong in the steps?
This is my second day of trying to solve this and I'm running out of patience. If anyone has an idea or a some simple tips it would be MUCH appreciated.
Edited by DeejayF, 13 December 2012 - 01:32 AM.
Posted 12 December 2012 - 08:56 AM
You do some of the steps, then it comes the (optional) powering down.
You unplug the power SATA connector.
Wait 60 seconds (roughly).
You re-plug the power.
Then you do ctrl+Z and you do not re-access the interface? <- maybe this is the step you are missing?
A communication session is initiated by the ctrl+Z, of course since you powered down the disk the previous session is lost.
If you read the recommended guide, here:
this is made clear, the snippet you posted is coming from where? (I know , it comes from here: https://sites.google...ite/seagatefix/ )
Which will simply return the level one prompt
At this point, many say you need to disconnect the SATA power cable from the drive and wait one minute. Yes, count to sixty. Then plug the SATA power cable back into the drive. There is a bit of debate about this step in the forums but that is what I did and it worked fine in my case. *IF and only if* you choose not to disconnect drive power temporarily, you need to at least change back to the test level prompt (type F3 1>/T (enter)) at this point before continuing.
Now back in HyperTerminal, you'll need to hit CTRL-Z to get a fresh prompt
And it's time to regenerate the partitions with the command (notice the lower case here)
F3 T>m0,2,2,0,0,0,0,22 (enter) <-------- note, those are 'zeros' not 'ohs', i.e. the digit, not the letter
And now you need to be patient. I have reports of this command taking around sixty seconds (as was my case) and up to ten minutes to execute. It will send back several intermediate messages but will eventually return the following message (with a different time):
As well first post of the present thread specifies how you need to issue the ctrl+Z:
Power OFF/ON the drive (very important!)
Wait 10 seconds and now Power ON your drive.
Press CTRL+Z on terminal and type:
Partition regeneration:F3 T>m0,2,2,,,,,22 (enter)
Guess why there is a Seagate Barracuda 7200.11 READ_ME_FIRST sticky here:
with a point #3 citing two tutorials (and NOT the one you seemingly are using)?
Posted 12 December 2012 - 09:14 AM
Yes indeed CTRL+Z would provide me with a new session, but nothing does happen. I cannot reaccess the interface.
I was unable to do anything when re-powering the HDD, as if the terminal hanged.
As said, I've gone through multiple angles when troubleshooting and the exclusion method, testing the cables and power back and forth but I was unable to find a solution.
If you look at my last edit of my troubleshooting you will find that I am now stuck at another problem when trying another controller card.
As the day is leading towards its end I will let this go on through the night and see where it stands tomorrow.
I will continue my path of troubleshooting as well. If you have any other enquires or advice, do not hesitate to write it down here as I will be very active on this thread until I manage to solve this issue.
Edit 1: It seems as if you believe that I've only read through one source of information. As stated in my first post I have indeed read through a large amount of threads/tutorials/posts around here. The reason why I chose mainly the google sites tutorial was because I found it to be most comprehensive.
Edit 2: "optional" powerdown is what you've stated and I've seen stated on multiple instances here. I've also read that if you don't do this powerdown it might result in an eternal wait and loss of data. What information should I go on? If I don't shut it down I will still keep communication although as from I've read on here it might result in data loss. This is the main reason to why I'm here.
Edited by DeejayF, 12 December 2012 - 09:21 AM.
Posted 12 December 2012 - 09:32 AM
As a matter of fact this powering down may not be needed as other guides/tutorials/reports do not specify it.
If I gave you the false impression to believe that you had only read through one source of information is because we have two "tutorials" right here, cited in the read me first and you cited the instrctions form a third one, NOT mentoned there.
It was not a false impression, I actually had it and you did everything in your powers to convey it.
It makes no sense (unless *something* else occurred to that disk - i.e. it is not in a "pure" BSY state - or during your previous attempts *something* changed) that you have different behaviour while using a different "controller card" (what do you mean exactly with "controller card"? and with "changing it"? )
Posted 13 December 2012 - 01:24 AM
New update:
Did all the steps needed except for the "optional powering down".
This has been stuck here for the last 14 hours.
F3 T>m0,2,2,0,0,0,0,22
Following the tutorials did not help me unfortunately.
As you mentioned "jaclaz", it might be some other "unknown" error as well.
Update 2:
Alright we had another HDD with the BSY error. Following the tutorials and all I managed to solve the issue within 10 minutes with a successful outcome.
So there is most certainly some other "unknown" error within the original HDD I was testing.
Over and out,
Edited by DeejayF, 13 December 2012 - 03:14 AM.
Posted 13 December 2012 - 04:27 AM
I have NO idea if it is "appropriate" for the situation that hard disk is and never like in this case "no guarantee of any kind"
This post:
this is NOT "recommended" it is NOT part of the "standard" unbricking procedure, it is normally NOT needed and should NOT be attempted if not as a "last resort", when the "normal" commands in the tutorials fail!
Posted 13 December 2012 - 07:23 AM
I can only get communication to it when I block out the head or the motor.
I know it may sound strange but this is the phenomenon I'm getting.
I know my recent posts may have been lacking a bit of practical information due to me only describing the problems I was currently experiencing, but the phenomenon is basically the major thing that keeps me from accessing the HDD properly.
With this in mind, I don't think I'm willing to send in other commands that could hurt the data even more. Best thing for me to do in the future with this disc is to FULLY identify the problem and get it displayed to me. If it's not possible the best thing to do would obviously be to send it to a data recovery company. I'm not sure how valuable the data is due to the disc not being my own.
Either way,
Thanks for the fast responses jaclaz, it is people like you who makes the internet a valuable place to consider when problems are being encountered.
If I get to the point where the data gets fully recovered I will make sure to post here again on how I resolved it, as I have a few things left on my list to try.
Posted 13 December 2012 - 07:35 AM
Yes, this is the "strange" part.
Thing is that there's no communication working to the HDD when it is assembled.
I can only get communication to it when I block out the head or the motor.
Normally a "working" hard disk (not in BSY state) does connect when "fully assembled".
The disconnecting of either the head or the motor (of both as in the original tutorial) is only a way (or rather a "trick") to exit the "loop" that is causing the BSY state.
Posted 14 December 2012 - 01:56 PM
With this method, will i be able to recover the data inside the disc?
I mean, i follow the procedure and when i boot again ill be able to see all the data so i can make a back up?
Thanks in advanced
Posted 14 December 2012 - 02:15 PM
Who knows?
Hi to everyone.
With this method, will i be able to recover the data inside the disc?
It depends from which issue is your disk suffering from, actually WHAT caused the issue.
NO guaranteee of any kind.
Take some time reading ATTENTIVELY the read-me-first:
Normally yes, the data is back "as it was before", BUT sometimes partition or file based recovery is necessary (and sometimes even these fail)
I mean, i follow the procedure and when i boot again ill be able to see all the data so i can make a back up?
In any case you DO NOT attempt booting from that disk, you try first thing (if the BSY or LBA0 issue is resolved) imaging it on another disk surely working and attempt recovering the data.
Posted 20 December 2012 - 08:09 AM
A ST2000DM001 just died (out of nothing) with less than 250 working days!
And yes, it was using the last FW available to the public.
I can't see (or wait) the time when 1TB (and more) SSDs would be cheaper.
Posted 20 December 2012 - 08:37 AM
So that WHEN one of those will fail you will have even LESS chances to recover data from them?
I can't see (or wait) the time when 1TB (and more) SSDs would be cheaper.
We add here to the existing "internal translation" and "G-list" possible issues also the SSD brand new ones, such as "wear leveling" and "garbage collecting".
Posted 23 December 2012 - 11:14 AM
Posted 23 December 2012 - 11:37 AM
For NO apparent reason :
So far, every storage system can fail. Even Johnny Mnemonic's brain.
Posted 25 December 2012 - 08:54 AM
Sorry to bother again but i wanted to ask what does exactly do the last step for fixing the BSY bug. Because ive read the last step and it says:
Partition regeneration:
F3 T>m0,2,2,,,,,22 (enter)
Does this format the hhd? How can i recover the data after doing that?
Thanks in advance
Posted 25 December 2012 - 11:52 AM
Posted 03 January 2013 - 08:40 PM
Though I found the instructions on this page a little easier to follow and apply (not sure who the author is though).
They suggested using a small piece of cardboard to break the connection between the PCB and the head contacts during the spin down phase. I removed the 2 screws near and to the bottom left of the head contacts to allow the cardboard to slide in/out. I also loosened the long screws near the corner edges. After I performed the spin down I then gently removed the cardboard and carefully inserted just the one the screw near the head contacts (helped to use a magnetic tip to position the screw), as that seemed to be the simplest and most efficient way to do it.
I had the "Error 1009 DETSEC 0000600" when trying to spin the drive up. A quick fix for me was to simply place a piece of cardboard on top of the PCB (to shield from any electrical discharge) near where the head contacts are and apply some gentle pressure with my finger then try the spin up command again. That allowed me to restore the drive, though cleaning the contacts can also help prevent any further problems.
I hope that helps.
Posted 04 January 2013 - 06:14 AM
That guide, though good, is NOT the recommended one, which is this one (as sticked AND pointed to in the READ ME FIRST):
Though I found the instructions on this page a little easier to follow and apply (not sure who the author is though).
which is a more complete one.
If you need to use a piece of cardboard to press down the PCB to obtain spin up it means any (or more than one) of three things:
- you used the cardboard on the head contacts AND the cardboard was a bit too thick
- the head contacts were not properly cleaned
- you failed to re-tighten appropriately the screws near the contacts
The workaround you used is potentially a VERY dangerous one , what you had was a "bad" contact that you "patched" (possibly only temporarily) by pressing a bit on the PCB.
That PCB should be disassembled, contacts cleaned and the "springy effect" of the contacts on the disk be verified, then all screws re-tightened firmly before further use of the disk.
Posted 04 January 2013 - 06:24 AM
Edited by Phaenius, 04 January 2013 - 06:24 AM.
Posted 04 January 2013 - 07:28 AM
It is said that what you don't know can't hurt you. Now you made me worry again, jaclaz. I fear I have might tightened the screws too hard. Also, the contacts between PCB, head and motor were so corroded, I wonder how it works. But it does.
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Posted 04 January 2013 - 08:06 AM
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Quarren ()
Active Legion Member
Joined: 28 Sep 2012
Posts: 50
Medals: None
Posted: Mon Oct 08, 2012 10:00 am
Post subject: How do I get a costume approved
I need to get my first Rebel costume (Ackbar) approved. Who do I need to get in contact with?
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Hopfot (Scott)
Active Legion Member
Joined: 19 Feb 2010
Posts: 743
Location: Raceview Qld Australia
Medals: None
Posted: Mon Oct 08, 2012 10:05 am
Post subject:
Is there an option in the "Blue text" menu up there ^^^ somewhere, for adding a costume. I only ask, because it's been a long time since I had a "first" costume approved and can't remember for the life of me how it's done.
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Hopfot (Scott)
Active Legion Member
Joined: 19 Feb 2010
Posts: 743
Location: Raceview Qld Australia
Medals: None
Posted: Mon Oct 08, 2012 10:07 am
Post subject:
BTW, that is one-damn-awesome-looking Ackbar. Love it. Sorry to our local one up here QLD or any others around the world, but your Ackbar is the best I've seen.
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Quarren ()
Active Legion Member
Joined: 28 Sep 2012
Posts: 50
Medals: None
Posted: Mon Oct 08, 2012 10:12 am
Post subject:
The blue text is still there, my eyes were distracted by the big red text about changing email address. Thanks for pointing me in the right direction so quickly.
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davej ()
Active Legion Member
Joined: 19 Nov 2007
Posts: 402
Location: Sydney
Medals: None
Posted: Mon Oct 08, 2012 10:15 am
Post subject:
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Hopfot (Scott)
Active Legion Member
Joined: 19 Feb 2010
Posts: 743
Location: Raceview Qld Australia
Medals: None
Posted: Mon Oct 08, 2012 10:17 am
Post subject:
No worries. Was just passing through at the right time. IF, that isn't it though. maybe Fyr or AhsokaTano could help you as they were very recently approved.
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Master_Sully ()
Active Legion Member
Joined: 19 Aug 2009
Posts: 1086
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Posted: Mon Oct 08, 2012 10:20 am
Post subject:
Great Ackbar....What part of Australia are you from??? And if you are in Victoria this weekend are you coming to Armageddon?
To Walk The Path Of The Jedi Is To Walk The Line Between Order and Chaos
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_Ewok_Hunter_ ()
Active Legion Member
Joined: 07 Mar 2011
Posts: 598
Medals: None
Posted: Mon Oct 08, 2012 10:38 am
Post subject:
I would get banned if I said what I wanted to say to describe this costume... but in saying that I'll be sensible WOW!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! THIS IS AMAZING!!!
Temple of Light Temple Master
Do Or Do Not... There Is No Try
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Quarren ()
Active Legion Member
Joined: 28 Sep 2012
Posts: 50
Medals: None
Posted: Mon Oct 08, 2012 10:54 am
Post subject:
Yeah, I plan to debut this at Armageddon (on Sunday). I'm in Victoria (Macedon Ranges).
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Fyr Mureys ()
Tython Base CO
Joined: 11 Jul 2012
Posts: 1787
Location: Sydney Saber Arena
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Posted: Mon Oct 08, 2012 10:56 am
Post subject:
Hopfot wrote:
No worries. Was just passing through at the right time. IF, that isn't it though. maybe Fyr or AhsokaTano could help you as they were very recently approved.
You were right, Hoppy. Where we now see "My Costumes" in blue, I used to see "Register a costume to upgrade to membership" I think, also in blue.
I will add to the congratulations of my friends, that is an amazing Akbar. What state are you in?
Until our next happy meeting!
Tython Base Facebook Page
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Master_Sully ()
Active Legion Member
Joined: 19 Aug 2009
Posts: 1086
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Posted: Mon Oct 08, 2012 10:56 am
Post subject:
Welcome to Tatooine Base...looking forward to seeing the Ackbar up close
To Walk The Path Of The Jedi Is To Walk The Line Between Order and Chaos
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TrooperDyl (D Rock)
Rebel Legion Reserve
Joined: 31 Aug 2009
Posts: 36
Medals: None
Posted: Mon Oct 08, 2012 11:52 am
Post subject:
Something smells fishy.
That is a bloody impressive costume you have there mate.
Be prepared to hear a certain phrase about a million times on the weekend.
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Auron Salis (Levi)
Rebel Legion Reserve
Joined: 04 May 2008
Posts: 145
Medals: None
Posted: Mon Oct 08, 2012 12:09 pm
Post subject:
I simply LOVE the irony of your username with this costume, which looks incredible by the way.
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Quarren ()
Active Legion Member
Joined: 28 Sep 2012
Posts: 50
Medals: None
Posted: Mon Oct 08, 2012 9:11 pm
Post subject:
Thanks for all the positive feedback on the costume.
My user name is representative of the other costume I'm working on (kinda got a biology of Dac thing going on.....not sure how I'm going to do a giant whale costume or clam collective to carry on the trend)
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Posted: Mon Oct 08, 2012 9:34 pm
Post subject:
Hi ya quarren your up the road from me. Sunbury
I will be at the 501st table, I'm the short chick, come and say hi,
Love the costume, I have an xwing with the sort of same mask but yours look good
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text: NRCS and FSA Working to Streamline Services Proposal has been made to split duties to get employees in the field more to better help customers. Published on: Jul 8, 2010 Tweet Post to Your Wall. Email Story RSS Permalink Print The Agriculture Department's Natural Resources Conservation Service doubled its number of customers serviced every year between 2005 and 2009 with conservation programs. Steve Robinson, President of the National Association of Conservation Districts, says that means there isn't enough technical assistance funding to provide more technical service providers and meet the needs and demands of landowners. Some conservation programs are administered by NRCS and others by the Farm Service Agency. Vice President of the National Association of FSA County Office Employees John Lohr says FSA is proposing to be in charge of the administrative side of programs like applications, contract maintenance and payments and NRCS to take over the technical sides of programs. The focus is to streamline those administrative services in order to free up 75% of the time for workers to be in the field working with farmers to assist them with conservation plans and projects. NRCS Chief Dave White says that will happen by integrating all their tools into one "desktop icon." "Eliminate duplicate entry of data and establish a client gateway on the Web," White said. "Where a farmer or rancher can sit at home and apply for a program, they can look at their contract and see if they're due a payment where it is in the process, they can look at their conservation plan. These kinds of things are going to have a huge impact." White says the pilot program should be available by the end of 2011 as there is a lot of IT work that needs to be done between now and then. White says the program would allow producers to apply for everything on a single form. While they do have a single form, White says getting it online would be even better. Farmers have also told their Congressmen they are worried about the time it takes to work through the process of participating in those programs. FSA Administrator Jonathan Coppess says the problem is that processes haven't been improved and FSA is working to update its computers and IT systems as well as the way programs are administered by 2014. "It's not going to be rolled out at one time," Coppess said. "We are pushing very hard to take care of those things that we can clean up now and start making those improvements so that our customers see it, so that our field employees see it, that we make that progress as we go and we demonstrate that progress as we go." Coppess says customers will see significant improvement on the time it takes for every bit of the process within the next year.


text:
I have a problem writing metadata to some of my jpegs and can't figure out why.
I "save metadata to file" with Command-S on Mac, go away and come back to find the 3 horizontal lines and Down Arrow are back. Saving individually or as a group of pictures, makes no difference, and its always the same photos that Fail.
tired of looking at this...=⬇ (except there are 3 horiz. lines)
any help, anyone?
If it is the same files over and over, it's an issue with those files. Could be a permissions issue or a corruption of the file that is preventing the metadata from being saved.
Are all of these files stored in the same folder(s)? If so, is it all of the JPEGs in this location? Might try just moving them to a new folder.
I had a similar problem (same symptoms) a while back - fixed it using exiftool.
(jpeg's metadata block was afu)
My (admittedly not too easy to grok) notes regarding that fix:
To fix asdf.jpg problem: maker-notes offset error in the face of a bad interopIFD directory, do this:
- exiftool -all:all= asdf.jpg -tagsfromfile @ -all:all -F (fixes maker notes despite bad interopIFD directory - removes all tags and rebuilds exif metadata from all readable tags.
- exiftool asdf.jpg -tagsfromfile noprob.jpg -interopIFD:InteropIndex (copy desired interopIFD tag or any other unreadable tag from a non-problematic image - beware to copy only compatible values, otherwise set manually if you can figure out what to set them to).
- exiftool asdf.jpg -tagsfromfile noprob.jpg -interopIFD:InteropVersion (ditto, etc...)
FWIW, I submitted an 'Idea' to Adobe to re-write jpeg metadata when such errors occur (subject to user approval) - don't hold breath...
Thanks a lot Brett & Rob, will try those ideas out and get back!
Brett N wrote:
Could be a permissions issue or a corruption of the file that is preventing the metadata from being saved.
I think Adobe should consider making a distinction between such stuff, and notify user of problem area.
e.g. there is a big difference between "file is read-only", and "file is corrupt", and it's easy enough for software to check, but inexperienced users: not so much.
Not being nitpicky Rob but tell me why "Adobe" should do this?? Adobe is a huge corporation with many. many business areas. There is a big difference between Adobe and Adobe Photoshop Lightroom.
I think the way to phrase it is: "It would be great for Lightroom to give more accurate error messages that inform the user of what a problem is." and "As Lightroom is a DAM tool it would make sense for it to include a file integrity checking process."
Seems kind-of nitpicky. Adobe has been beholding to apple users since the days of Pshop v1, if the file is corrupt, seconds after I sent it from my camera to my mac, and did nothing but try to "keyword" it in LR, its likely Lightroom's fault; but this only rarely happend with prev versions of LR. And never with iPhoto, though I haven't use that in years.
thanks for your help ,
Hi, I tried putting the whole folders contents in another folder and checking permissions of individual files (jpegs), no luck.
looking for any other suggestions.
Is ther a way to actually get Adobe to answser this?
Geoff, still thinks Adobe shouldn't have to fix this?
thanks again,
is there a version of exiftool, or another bit of software that does not require me going into terminal?
This is so key to the proper function of LR I am amazed Adobe hasn't tried to help on this.
thanks for your help,
John, Lightroom doesn't have internal methods for moving files on disk, it uses the OS tools I don't think there is anything to fix at this stage.
If you want to have further staff responses I recommend you post here which is the site for bug reporting. This forum is a user to user forum for users to help users, staff visit here but do not moitor it to the same degree as Photoshop.com.
You are more than welcome to post a link or provide one by PM to one or more of the files so others can check it for you. I would be happy to see if I can see what is up with your files.
Hi John,
There is a GUI for exiftool, but I've never used it. Note: fixing jpegs with exifTool (and preserving existing metadata) is a *very* advanced task, whether GUI or command-line. You may want to consider simpler alternatives, e.g.
Export the jpeg as an 8-bit tiff (or jpeg) and add-to-catalog, then stack the original under it in case you learn a better way to correct it in the future, or just delete original...
(Lightroom creates all new metadata block upon export, so metadata corruption is fixed that way)
There may be other tools that can simply correct bad jpegs - I haven't researched. (you may lose some hopefully-not-too-critical metadata).
Or maybe Geoff will fix them for you.
I exported as jpeg and then imported as you suggested, the problem is gone, all data and adjustments were there in the new copy. I found that the image exported as Adobe 98 was a little "brighter" whereas if I exported as PhotoPro the new copy was indistinguishable.
Is there a reason I would not want to export as PhotoPro.
again, thanks for your help, learned a lot fom this issue.
johnnf wrote:
I found that the image exported as Adobe 98 was a little "brighter" whereas if I exported as PhotoPro the new copy was indistinguishable.
I assume you mean in the develop module. In library module it should look exactly the same when exported as AdobeRGB, no?
johnnf wrote:
Is there a reason I would not want to export as PhotoPro.
Usually it's best, I think, to export 8-bit jpegs to be used as Lr masters, in AdobeRGB. ProPhoto is designed for primary use as a 16-bit edit space, not an 8-bit output space.
But, I'm not so much of an expert in this area as some who may comment... - there are things I don't understand like how monitor profiles factor in to what you see...
Yes it was in the develop module.
But the big problem of saving metadata is solved, though why it happens is another question for another day.
Went through the entire catalog of 20,000+ images and just under 2,000 are affected. Slowly, as time permits I will export and re-import those bad boys.
Thanks for all the help,
In my case, jpeg metadata block was corrupted by ACDSee, and it was always the same problem, so the fix was the same for all of them.
Can you see what "Software" last wrote metadata block?
If you're done dealing with this for now, then just forget it - I will understand...
sorry for the delay, I've been away.
In the metadata panel, "software" is ver. 2.00. Is that what you wanted?
Hi John,
I'm not sure if that's it or not. I was trying to ascertain which software before Lightroom last updated the metadata block, since it is probably the culprit.
You can use exiftool to find out. Unfortunately I don't remember the tag name. Anyway, *if* you want to investigate further, the object is to "Sherlock Holmes" the common denominator amongst the problem files.
well its camera to LR, I'm only using Photoshop rarely, and i know the majority of these "problem" images were never in Photoshop.
But I will pursue this as I export and import the 2,088 images are screwed up.
Have a great fourth and thanks for your help.
johnnf wrote:
well its camera to LR, ..., the majority of these "problem" images were never in Photoshop.
Then presumably the metadata was corrupted by Lightroom itself.
You can at least try to read all the tags using exiftool - sometimes there's a clue.
Also, try updating a tag, since that can be even more revealing.
Happy independence day to you too.
An update.
A photo that will not save the updated metadata has "software" as Ver. 1.00, no actual software name, just 1.00. When I export it and re-import the "software" now reads as Adobe Photoshop Lightroom 4.1 (Macintosh).
After exhaustive review I find that is only the difference. Needless to say these are photos that have been been worked on in LR and nothing else.
Now I have a labeled the over 2,000 photos I have exported and re-imported, so far none of those have had the problem recur.
I think that somehow the "software" label is getting corrupted and then the next time I try to update LR it doesn't recognize the file as its own?
what do you think it means?
many, many thanks for the help,
John, I don't know how this relates to your initial problem but I'll think you'll find that the 'software' version 1.00 being referred to is the Firmware version of the camera. I've just checked a few recently taken images with a new compact and both the camera Firmware version and the 'software' field in Lightrooms metadata are both showing version 1.00
I doubt your speculation is spot on, but then I don't really have a better theory.
Metadata is wonky, and if Lr is only editor, then it's the likely culprit, although it may be worth updating the camera firmware if there is an update available.
Ciao for now,
ElliR & Rob,
Appreciate your thoughts, I have no problem being wrong just as long as I know eventually what's right.
I will see if my D90 has an upgrade available. The odd thing is that these photos have been assigned metadata in LR before without a problem, wonder if its a LR4.0 or 4.1 issue, its really gotten ridiculous since the 4.1 upgrade, whereas before I had maybe 20 pics doing tis, now its over 2000.
many thanks, and a grateful ciao from me as well,
johnnf wrote:
The odd thing is that these photos have been assigned metadata in LR before without a problem, wonder if its a LR4.0 or 4.1 issue, its really gotten ridiculous since the 4.1 upgrade, whereas before I had maybe 20 pics doing tis, now its over 2000.
It's possible. There were substantial changes to the metadata updating code in v4. I've been mostly editing raws with sidecars and haven't noticed this problem on any file yet. This is one of the reasons I'd prefer the option for Lr to not overwrite originals when updating metadata. If your metadata was being written to an xmp sidecar instead of the original jpeg, the jpegs would never have become corrupted. This is one of the smaller of many reasons..., still...
i may consider that switch.
Unfortunately, that option does not exist in Lightroom. But you can cast a vote for it here:
http://feedback.photoshop.com/photoshop_family/topics/add_an_option_to _prevent_writing_back_into_input_files
So here's something for follow-up. I went through the prefs for LR and under catalog setting I clicked on the "automatically write changes into xmp". I did it because now I am shooting raw, but the kicker is that it is automatically saving metadata on all my files, the instant I change something. Works on jpg as easy as NEF. I haven't seen a file corrupt in over a week and it used to happen whenever I did a large metadata save, but now nothing.
Maybe smaller incremental metadata saves is just more reliable?
thanks again for all your help/suggestions.
Hi John, I think that this may be the issue. Until recently I had Lightroom automatically update the metadata but I changed this setting,for performance reasons, and now do batch updates at the end of each session, using a smart collection to detect the images that need updating. It is only since making the change that I have been experiencing this problem. I only have 7 files that can't be updated. 6 of them are JPG and one is DNG.
I'll try the export and reimport action and see if this will solve the problem.
I have now been using the automatic metadata update for over 3 months and continue to have no problems.
Sometimes automatic is easier, huh?
I created a preset to export to same folder as original, same format as original, and stack with (above) original. I used this on the seven files, and it has solved the problem without losing any metadata.
The jpegs had at some point been processed by Photoshop Elements as they were imported/edited using that application in 2010 but the metadata problem didn't show up until recently when I was making some adjustments in Lightroom. I somehow think this may be related to the GPS tag though I don't have sufficient evidence.
The DNG file was strange in that it was straight the camera with no Lightroom adjustments, although I did add GPS info in the Map module. Anway it is now fixed as well as the jpegs.
With this preset it would be possible quickly to fix a large number of image files. Just create a Smart Collection to display the problem files and run the preset on them all in one go. The only things that I am aware of that you would need to look out for are (1) if they are in a collection other than a smart collection, or have been published to a service like Flickr or to the Hard Disk the link will be broken, and (2) If you like to sort photos by date/time added, they will be out of the sequence (capture time is fine).
When you are satisfied that this has worked OK then you can delete the images from the "Metadata Not Up To Date" smart collection. Select all, go to all photos, they should remain selected and press Delete. You could do a thousand in one go if you have the nerve for it
Hope this helps.
the only thing I would add is that this "issue" caused me to go to shooting Raw 98% of the time, to keep the metadata clean and separate from the actual photo. ergo no chance to corrupt the photo from repeated metadata updating. whether or not that happens I avoid worrying about it.
I like LR better than ever now, and if it ever lets you do panos without going to photoshop, that may be the end of using photoshop at all.


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- Little Boy Shocks A Guitar Store Owner With His Incredible Voice
- DESSO AirMaster – Alonzo Mourning
- Wil Wheatons Response To A Little Girl On How To Deal With Being Called A Nerd
- Persistent Trip – Datura
- The Slow Mo Guys – Mousetrap Chain Reaction In Slow Motion
- Jimmy Kimmel – Lululemon Pledge – Spray on Pants
- AIRR Tablet: Floating Display With High-Speed Gesture UI
- Charlie Bird – Charlie And The Seal
- McDonald's – What Is In The Sauce That Is In The Big Mac?
- Gary The Goat And The Flat Tyre
- Joss Whedon Talks Avengers 2 Shoot In Seoul
- Begin Again – Official Trailer
- Bill Gates – Eradicating Polio
- Iwao Hakamada, World's Longest Serving 46 Years In Death Row Inmate Is Released
- The Purge: Anarchy – Theatrical Trailer
- Omar Von Muller – Dog Trainer – Jumpy 123 Trick
- Aussie Builders Surprise Public With Loud Empowering Statements
Filed under Rock Music by on Aug 17th, 2008.
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