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Mandolin Kit
Overview of assembly for F5 or A5 mandolin
i-5148 Updated 05/11
Overview of Assembly for the F5 or A5
Please read this brief assembly overview before beginning your work. We recommend that you follow the steps as listed, and consult our full-size blueprint. Take your time – the care you take in building will be repaid in the quality of your finished mandolin!
We recommend our
How to Build a Carved-Top Mandolin DVD
, and the
Mandolin Construction Manual
. These valuable guides make each step of the mandolin building process easier. Other recommended books include our
Fret Work Step-By-Step
Guitar Finishing Step-By-Step
Be safe when using tools, glues, and chemicals. Wear eye protection and gloves when needed, and always use proper ventilation.
Please make sure you have all these parts before assembling your kit. It's important to completely rehearse all fitting and clamping before applying glue or finish.
Truss rod, with nut and washer
Truss rod filler stick
Peghead overlay veneer
Truss rod cover with screws
String nut blank
Fingerboard, slotted
"Dot" inlays for fingerboard (6)
Fretwire (4 feet)
Wood veneer for dovetail joint shims
Fingerboard extender
15th fret crosspiece
Body rim sub-assembly with head block and tailblock
Kerfed lining strips (4)
Carved mandolin top
Tone bars (2)
Carved mandolin back
Binding material
Endpin (strap button)
The following items are in the F5 Mandolin Kit (#5148) only:
Neck side dot material
Body point protector material
Recommended tools, supplies and reference materials
The following tools and supplies are recommended to assemble your kit. Most of these tools are standard woodworking items, though a few specialty tools are also shown. Where applicable, Stewart-MacDonald item numbers are listed.
Standard tools
Chisel (invest in a high quality tool)
Razor knife
Ibex finger plane #0697 (#0331 optional)
Small bent gouge (FlexCut)
Hand plane, small
Wooden cam clamps (3 large, 3 small) #3721, 3723
Spool clamps, small #0683 (12-18 required)
Coping saw
Fret saw or dovetail saw
Electric drill, 3/8"
Feeler gauge set #1811
Dremel tool #0358 (or equivalent)
Binding router bit #4562 (for F5) or #4561 (A5)
Fret slot cleaner #4870
Heat gun (a hair dryer might work)
Fretting hammer #4895
Fret-end dressing file #1175
Nut slotting files #0823, 0827, 0830, 0833 (.013", .016", .028", .042")
File assortment (we recommend our #0842)
Reference material
How to Build a Carved-Top Mandolin DVD with Don MacRostie #1370
The Ultimate Bluegrass Mandolin Construction Manual by Roger Siminoff #0530
Fret Work Step-By-Step from Stewart-MacDonald #1550
Guitar Finishing Step-By-Step #5095
Additional tools
Thickness caliper #5193 (or make your own)
Radius gauges #5432
Scraper blades #0628, 0654, 0655
Precision straightedge
Adjustable binding router guide #5248
Carbide-tip binding router bit #4032 (5/16" dia.)
Micro chisels #1628
Fret cutters #0619
Brad-point drill bit, 1/4" (see #0339)
Luthier's digital caliper #0447 or equivalent
Binding laminating jig #4200
Fret tang nipper #1626
Fret leveler #0862 (6")
Nut seating file #5055 (1/8")
Reamer, standard #0344
Archtop bridge-fitting jig #5046
Vise #1813 or equivalent
Titebond wood glue #0620 (or use the traditional ground hide glue #0669 and glue pot #0668)
Rubber bands, small
Rubber binding bands #1274 (40" long)
Clothespins, spring-type
Body construction
Spool clamps can be used to hold the F-style body assembly level when bandsawing the scroll.
With the sides held in shape by the supplied body form (and with rubber bands on the F5 rim), glue the kerfed linings into position. Be sure the top edges of the linings are level with, or slightly above, the edges of the sides.
After the glue dries, level the lining/sides so that the gluing surfaces are flat. The rubber bands must be removed from the F5 rim for this, but replace them after sanding. Leave the body form in place. Use coarse sandpaper and a sanding block that's long enough to span the rim assembly.
Graduate the carved mandolin top to final contour and thickness, using sandpaper, finger planes, chisels or scrapers. There is no one "correct" method or "best" dimensions, although we recommend the blueprint specifications. The edges are the correct thickness for the bindings, and there is ample top wood for graduating.
Shape the tone bars and glue them onto the inside of the top. Shape the ends and contour the bars to the final dimensions.
Cut out the F-holes with a drill, a Dremel tool, and/or a coping saw.
Graduate the carved back to the final contour and thickness as described above.
Using the blueprint, locate the centerline at the tailblock, and pencil it on the tailblock and the sides.
Make a wooden form to hold the F5 rim tightly against the body form (remove the rubber bands from the F5 rim).
Glue the mandolin's top into place with the body form still inside the rim assembly. Be sure the centerline (and the scroll area of the F5 rim) is aligned properly.
Remove the body form (important!) and glue the carved back into place on the body assembly.
Trim away the excess top and back wood around the entire body. File and sand a smooth vertical surface around the F5 scroll.
Using a bandsaw, cut the F5 scroll's curved slot according to the blueprint. When a broad wooden platform is clamped to the bandsaw table, spool clamps can be used to hold the body assembly level while cutting the scroll, as illustrated.
Cut and shape the F5 point protectors and glue them into place on the corners of the body assembly. Trim them when the glue is dry.
Binding installation
Rout the top and back for bindings.
Notice how the bindings rise at the scroll of the F5 body. We recommend a Dremel tool and a binding router attachment for working in this area (see our catalog). Use knives and chisels to finish the binding ledges in the tight areas inside the scroll. Be sure all the ledges are deep enough—if the bindings protrude out too far, sanding will thin them and detract from their appearance.
Bend the body bindings for the F5 scroll by using a heat gun or a hair dryer while wrapping the binding around a dowel of the correct size. When the binding cools, it will retain the shape of the bend. Miter the ends of the bindings.
Shape and bend a short strip of binding for the "button" at the neck heel position.
Install the bindings using binding cement and rubber bands or masking tape. All bindings should be allowed to dry at least 24 hours before removing the rubber bands or tape.
Sand and scrape the bindings level with the top, back and sides of the body.
Neck joint fitting
Fit the neck into the body joint. With a straight edge in the truss rod slot, check the neck alignment. The centerline of the truss rod slot must be aligned with the centerline at the body tailblock. Trim the dovetail area or place shims in the neck/body joint for proper neck alignment and a good tight fit without glue. It will be necessary to remove some wood from the bottom of the neck heel to let the neck fit down the proper amount. Use the supplied veneer for shims (sand the veneer thinner when necessary). Do not use glue yet. Mark the shims and set them aside for use when gluing later.
Place the neck into the body's dovetail joint. The top surface of the neck (without the fingerboard installed) should extend 7/16" above the top of the neck block. Slide the 15th fret crosspiece assembly over the neck's dovetail tenon, and push the crosspiece toward the neck until it fits snugly. Mark the position of the crosspiece on the mandolin's top. Remove the neck and the crosspiece, and cut away the top wood so the crosspiece will rest on the mahogany neck block. Refit the neck and crosspiece, and glue the crosspiece onto the neck block (use wax paper to keep glue away from the neck joint). Remove the neck when the glue is dry.
Neck preparation
Insert the truss rod all the way down to the bottom of the neck slot. Be sure the nut and washer will fit correctly after the rod is in the neck. Cut the filler stick to length and insert it above the truss rod. Press it down firmly and clamp it lightly. Squeeze a little glue into the joints between the neck and the filler stick, but don't get glue on the truss rod (the rod won't function as well if bonded to the neck). Sand the filler stick flush to the neck surface when the glue is dry.
Cut out a truss rod access hole in the peghead overlay veneer. The hole must be small enough to be hidden by the plastic coverplate.
Glue the peghead overlay veneer onto the peghead face. It should overlap all the way around. When dry, trim the overlay edges flush to the peghead contours (including the areasinside the F5 peghead scroll and "hook"). Let the veneer overhang slightly where it will meet the string nut.
Drill the pegholes through the overlay from the back of the peghead. Use a wooden back-up block clamped to the peghead face to prevent splintering.
(Optional) Obtain mother-of-pearl or abalone inlays, saw them to the desired pattern, and inlay the peghead. Patterns are provided on the blueprint. Sand the inlays flush to the peghead.
Using a Dremel tool, rout the upper edge of the F5 peghead for bindings, and use knives or micro chisels to clean up the tight corners (binding the A5 peghead is optional). Trim the peghead bindings according to the blueprint, and bend the bindings as done previously for the body. Miter the corners, glue with binding cement, and use tape or rubber bands to hold the bindings in place until the glue dries.
Sand or file the back of the neck to a gentle V-shape if desired. Shape the neck heel to conform to the "button" contour of the mandolin's back.
Sand the neck and the body with 220-grit paper.
Neck installation
Recheck the neck fit using the shims made previously. Glue the neck into the body joint, and clamp it overnight. Be sure to wipe off excess glue around the dovetail joint.
Sand the top of the crosspiece flush to the neck/fingerboard gluing surface.
Fit the fingerboard extender onto the mandolin's top, adjacent to the crosspiece. Check the alignment and height, and remove wood from the front edge and/or the bottom of the extender when necessary for a good fit (for an A5 mandolin, shorten the extender as illustrated). Contour the crosspiece as shown in the blueprint. Use a round file, and finish with fine sandpaper.
To use the fingerboard extender on an A5 neck, cut it shorter at the dotted line. Remove the shaded portion.
When properly aligned, glue the extender into place.
When dry, carefully sand and level the entire neck/fretboard gluing surface, using a long flat sanding block.
Fingerboard installation
Shape the fingerboard according to the blueprint, with allowance for the thickness of the binding. (For an A5 neck, the fingerboard should be shortened by sawing completely through the 23rd fret slot. Fingerboard binding is optional on the A5 neck.) Refer to the blueprint, and glue the bindings onto the sides of the fingerboard. Trim off the excess binding material using files, scrapers and sandpaper.
Inlay the pearl dots into the fingerboard and sand them flush.
Install side dots in the F5 fingerboard binding. Side dot materialis supplied as a thin rod. Drill a 1/16" hole in the binding, superglue the rod in the hole, and clip off the excess. Repeat for the other dots.
There are several ways to fret the fingerboard. One way is to completely fret the board and then glue it onto the neck. Alternatively, the board can be glued onto the neck and then fretted. We suggest the following method:
Trim and install the 15th through 29th frets. We recommend the book Fret Work Step-By-Step (see our catalog) for instructions on fretting.
Align and glue the fingerboard onto the neck. The 15th fret should align with the "stripe" of the 15th fret crosspiece, and the fingerboard bindings should be flush with the sides of the neck. Clamp the fingerboard with soft cauls to protect the frets, and let the glue dry overnight.
Trim and install the remaining frets. The back of the neck must be firmly supported when hammering the frets into the slots.
Level and recrown the frets using appropriate files (see the book Fret Work Step-By-Step).
Final fittings
Form a 3/16"-wide slot for the string nut by removing the excess peghead overlay near the fingerboard. Shape, slot and glue the string nut into place.
Use the tailpiece of your choice to locate the endpin (strap button) position. Drill a slightly undersized pilot hole for the endpin, and use a reamer to match the hole to the endpin taper.
Install the tailpiece and endpin, and the tuning machines, bridge and strings of your choice. Use a reamer to fit the tuning machine bushings in the pegholes. Make all necessary adjustmentsto the bridge and the string nut for proper string height and bridge foot contact.
Remove the strings and hardware.
Mask the fretted surface of the fingerboard, and the truss rod adjustment nut. Stuff a few paper towels loosely inside the F-holes to catch finish overspray. Clean and fine sand the mandolin.
Refer to the books Guitar Finishing Step-By-Step, and Constructing A Bluegrass Mandolin for information on finishing procedures.
Stain the mandolin if desired. Scrape the plastic bindings lightly to remove stain.
Apply the finish of your choice.
Remove the masking tape, extract the paper towels and polish the mandolin. Reinstall the parts and restring the instrument. Adjust the bridge position for proper intonation and string height.
F5 Mandolin Kit
A5 Mandolin Kit
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Alden Norwegian split toe oxford, handsewn on the last made from luxurious long wearing shell cordovan upper material. Alden shell cordovan shoes are finished by Alden's master craftsman. They are admired by the finest boot and shoemakers throughout the world. Using the centuries-old method of pure vegetable tanning and hand finishing, the single tannery still producing genuine shell cordovan today is indeed practicing a rare art. The tanning process takes a full six months to complete and produces leather that is soft and supple, yet very durable.Unsurpassed for breathable comfort and long wear, it assumes over time the contours of your foot shape giving a truly custom quality to the fit. Beneath the insole is a layer of cork, providing additional resilience and insulation. Every Alden New England shoe carries a tempered steel shank, precisely contoured and triple ribbed for extra strength. Truly the backbone of a fine welt shoe or boot, the shank provides the proper support and shape required to give comfort throughout the day. Oak tanned leather bends are cut into outsoles at factory for maximum control of quality. Shoe mart is proud to offer this model, crafted not only with good looks, but with the integrity of fine shoemaking, a special addition to your wardrobe.*Ravello- the most clear and perfect hides are chosen to produce this wonderful color
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The SCAR Project
A series of 30 large-scale portraits of young women who have experienced breast cancer, or took proactive measures to reduce their hereditary risk. Shot by award-winning, New York fashion photographer, David Jay
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Universal 2-Light Vanity Sconce
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With plenty of curves and modern styling, the Universal 2-Light Vanity Sconce will add a delicate touch to your bathroom, laundry room, or other damp locations. The shallow bowls offer plenty of light while the slender arms project at just the right angle from the 24" wide baseplate. This American-made fixture is available in a 10" shade and you have more than a dozen gorgeous finish colors to choose from!
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- 10" Shade Size: 10 H" x 7" H
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- Vanity Wall Plate: 24" W x 6" H x 1¼" D
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Audio Input Program
Today I was working in reason and I was drawing a blank so I just was messing around with the various devices in Reason when I notices the Rebirth input machine. This is a device often forgotten about because I never use it. When I opened it up and noticed the Rewire logo on the front of it, it gave me an idea of a solution to the #1 problem and gripe I have with Reason: No Audio Input. Obviously this is an issue that has surfaced in this forum countless times, but for good reason. Propellerhead has stated that it doesn't want Reason to be a Multitrack recorder, which is understandable, but little has been offered in way of an explanation to why there is no live audio input, especially when Reason would make a great live audio effects unit on stage or perhaps one could utilize the #1 device limited by Reason's design, the BV512 Vocoder.
Well the truth is is Reason does have a form of audio input via rewire from rebirth. Rebirth, now discontinued, could serve as the way to get audio into reason, and man would that be cool. The Rebirth input machine could be placed anywhere in Reason's signal flow, not only making Reason have simple audio input, but very flexible audio input!
So the challenge here is to produce a third party utility program that functions as a rewire slave, acts like Rebirth in the sense that Reason detects it as Rebirth and allows the rewire connection, and that has ASIO and CORE audio drivers (more on this later). If such a program could be developed, I would be willing to financially back such a project.
There are a few roadblocks I've noticed so far:
-Two programs cannot use a soundcard's ASIO drivers at the same time, so either one would have to us 2 soundcards, or a way to use the unused input busses on the ASIO driver that Reason uses.
-Getting Reason the think the program is Rebirth may require a lot of work. I'm sure one way is to use the code from rebirth itself. Another would be to emulate it.
If any of you have any ideas let me know what you think. Remember this is just an idea so far, if it will actually happen is another issue. I mainly wanted to see what people who know programing think and to see if it even could be done in the first place.
That's too easy - hammerhead or ASIO 4
The thread below would be what you are talking about. That's too easy.
What I proposed that would allow recording is in the feature forum under the thread:
Click here for more on hammer and ASIO 4
Re: That's too easy - hammerhead or ASIO 4
: The thread below would be what you are talking about. That's too easy.
: What I proposed that would allow recording is in the feature forum under the thread:
: http://www.propellerheads.se/board/f...playMsg=304389
OOO, I just got that asio for all with ReWuschel guess my idea was realized first. So sad how stubborn CEO of Propellerhead cause their programs to be hacked, reverse engineered, and what not. Why. Why, Why, Why, Why, Why!!!!!
Well now we know how to get the features that the props stupidly leave out...just hack and crack until you get what you want. I love using those words in a forum: Hack & Crack. People get so emotional when the see them. Hack & Crack.Hack & Crack.Hack & Crack.Hack & Crack.
Now here's the burning question? Will they learn and just add the feature or maybe they like seeing their program improved by second hand programing. Hell maybe we wont need the Propellerhead corporation anymore for future reason updates. We could just get people to build devices to be added to reason via 3rd party!!! Want a new sequencer? Well , Mr.Coder over here has a sequencer add on for download on his website. Just download and vollia, you have and REAL sequencer to use with reason
I'm so worked up cause Im soooo happy, finally audio input in Reason!!!!!
OSX Challenge
So now the challenge is for someone to find a way to do it in OSX. I'm guessing that CoreAudio won't allow any Asio type rewiring, so it has to be as a third party app that spoofs the Rebirth input machine. I'd be willing to pay for a copy.
OSX Challenge
So now the challenge is for someone to find a way to do it in OSX. I'm guessing that CoreAudio won't allow any Asio type rewiring, so it has to be as a third party app that spoofs the Rebirth input machine. I'd be willing to pay for a copy.
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Location: Farmington Hills, MI
I'm selling my 2011 Specialized Epic Comp to help pay for a new bike. This is the 26 inch wheel version with a large 19 inch frame. It was purchased brand new by me in April, 2012. It has about 250 miles, or 50 hours, of use on local single track trails, such as Lakeshore Park (Novi Tree Farm), Stony Creek, Pontiac Lake and Maybury. It's in very good condition with only minor cosmetic flaws resulting from enjoying, but not abusing, the bike. The bike has been recently thoroughly cleaned/serviced (continue reading for more details) and is ready for another season of riding.
NOTE: pedals not included; they're crappy resin test-ride pedals, so you don't want them anyway
Many more pictures to come after all the boring words.
Please refer to the Specialized website for official specs: http://www.specialized.com/us/en/bikes/archive/2011/epic/epiccomp#specs
I have made the following changes to the bike:
- Shimano Deore M596 brakes. One of the top-rated brakes by Bike Radar: http://www.bikeradar.com/mtb/gear/category/components/disc-brake-systems/product/review-shimano-m596-deore-brake-12-46008
- Avid G3 Clean Sweep rotors (180mm front, 160mm rear)
- KCNC pulley wheels on rear derailleur (one red, one black)
- Removed the travel spacer from the fork to extend it to its full 120mm of travel. The bike now has the same travel/geometry as the Epic Evo. I would be willing to convert the fork back to 100mm, or even 80mm, travel for you. I found the 120mm travel to make the bike a bit more "fun" and a bit less "racy"
Typical maintenance has been performed throughout the year, such as wiping down the fork stanchions and shock shaft at the end of each day of riding, occasional full-bike washings, occasional complete degreasing and re-lubing of the chain.
Over the past couple weeks, the bike has been completely disassembled, cleaned and re-assembled, including:
- All components removed and washed, using degreaser and small brushes where appropriate.
- Cleaned/re-greased headset bearings, bottom bracket bearings, and suspension pivot bearings.
- Performed lower leg and air spring service on the fork. New dust seals and foam rings installed.
- Performed air sleeve service on the rear shock.
- Both wheels trued.
- Rear derailleur hanger confirmed to be straight/aligned.
Now that you've suffered through the boring words, I will reward you with many pictures. Please contact me if you are interested in any additional specific photos or explanation of the condition of any parts. Better yet, arrange to come see the bike in person.
Here are some close-ups of the worst cosmetic flaws


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The Upper Sugar River Watershed, with a drainage area of approximately 170 square miles (109,404 acres) and 115 stream miles, is located in Dane County in southern Wisconsin. It is rich in resources, including fisheries, wildlife habitat (including rare and endangered species), native plant communities (many in decline), and recreational opportunities
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Ideally located in NewmarketThe BEST WESTERN Heath Court Hotel is near the town centre and backs onto the renowned gallops, where you can see horses training most days - especially if you find yourself in a room that overlooks the Heath! The hotel makes an ideal base for getting out and about in the Suffolk countryside, while Ely, Cambridge and Bury St. Edmunds are all easy to get to as well. Wherever you go during your stay, youll come back to a warm welcome every night!Maintaining high brand standards and excellence in quality is second nature to the BEST WESTERN Heath Court Hotel in Newmarket. We have proven that going that extra mile during our annual BEST WESTERN quality assurance assessments really does pay off. Our hard work and dedication to cleanliness and quality of both guest rooms and public areas has gained us the BEST WESTERN International Quality Award. A global recognition of excellence given to only a few selected hotels throughout the world, this award shows that we take pride in offering high levels of excellence in quality and brand standards our guests expect.
Set in the Heart of East Anglia, you are sure to find many places of interest locally and many more within a short drive. From the National Stud a showcase for British Thoroughbred breeding set in over 500 acres to Sandringham Estate, the Norfolk retreat of HM The Queen, at only just over an hour away.
There are lots of shopping opportunities nearby.
Find out more about attractions near the BEST WESTERN Heath Court Hotel.
We never compromise on comfort here at the BEST WESTERN Heath Court Hotel!
BEST WESTERN Heath Court HotelMoulton RoadNewmarketSuffolkCB8 8DY
For phone bookings please call:08445 76 76 76
For general enquiries please call:01638 667171
For online bookings please use thepink button above.
Check in: 14:00
Check out: 11:00


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ImagesSee All 55 Images
VideosSee All 34 Videos
This Week in Digital Downloads: Oct 22 - Oct 29
Start/Select - MX vs. ATV canned and Team Bondi disbanded
MX vs. ATV Alive - Dirty Girls Trailer
E3 2011: MX vs. ATV Alive - Official Trailer
MX vs. ATV Alive - Two-Player Split-Screen ATV Gameplay Video
MX vs. ATV Alive - Online Jungle Race Gameplay Video
MX vs. ATV Alive - Two-Player Split-Screen Bike Race Gameplay Video
MX vs. ATV out of gas as THQ lays off 200
THQ Phoenix, THQ Australia, and Bluetongue shut down as publisher steps away from licensed kids' titles and movie tie-ins.
MX vs. ATV Alive experiment unsuccessful - THQ
CEO Brian Farrell tells analysts that a $40 racing game driven by downloadable content add-ons wasn't a great approach in current console market.
Brink tops UK chart
First-person shooter Brink debuts at number one, Lego Pirates of the Caribbean charts at number two.
Review in Progress: MX vs. ATV Alive
We have some pre-review impressions of THQ's latest off-road racer.
Shippin' Out May 8-14: Brink, Lego Pirates of the Caribbean
New release slate led by Bethesda's shooter, Traveller's Tales' swashbuckling adventure game; Sega's tennis title, MX vs. ATV Alive also out this week.
Asia Shippin' Out May 8-14: Brink
New release slate led by Splash Damage's new multiplayer shooter and new entry in Lego video game series.
AU Shippin' Out May 9-13: Brink
Brink leads Aussie releases, with Steel Diver and MX vs. ATV Alive rounding out the pack.
Homefront ships 2.6 million, THQ loses $136.1 million
North Korean-invasion shooter hits milestone as publisher posts steep expanded annual shortfall; uDraw coming to Xbox 360 and PS3 this holiday.
MX vs. ATV Alive Hands-On Preview - Bar Banging
We get physical in this latest installment in the MX vs. ATV series.
Recent Forum ActivityGo to MX vs. ATV Alive Discussion
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March 25, 2013
By Evan Lockridge
The average cost of diesel in the United State has fallen for the fourth straight week. A new U.S. Energy Department report shows it dropped 4.1 cents over the past week to $4.006 per gallon.
This follows diesel hitting its highest average price of $4.159 per gallon since August 2008 during the final week of February. Compared to a year ago, the average cost is 14.1 cents per gallon lower.
Prices fell in all regions of the country with the biggest drop recorded along the West Coast, losing 6.1 cents for an average of $4.10.1, also positioning the area to have the third highest diesel prices in the country.
Average costs ranged from a high of $4.171 per gallon in New England, one of three East Coast sub-regions, to a low of $3.935 in the Gulf Coast and Rocky Mountain regions. The New England region recorded a decline of 3.3 cents, the Gulf Coast 5.4 cents and the Rocky Mountain region dropping 3.6 cents.
Other regional prices and weekly changes:
Like diesel, gasoline also continued its trend of moving lower for the fourth straight, falling 1.6 cents over the past week for a national average of $3.68 per gallon. Compared to the same time a year ago it is 23.8 cents per gallon less.
Prices declined in all regions but the Midwest, where it gained 1.2 cents for $3.657 per gallon. Gasoline ranges from a low of $3.469 in the Rocky Mountain region, where it is unchanged over the past week, to a high of $3.962 along the West Coast, down 4.5 cents.
Oil hit its highest level in more than a month by the close of trading Monday in New York. It gained $1.10 for the day, setting at $94.81 per barrel. Crude moved somewhat higher over the past week following news from the U.S. Energy Department last week that stockpiles have declined. It continued the gain into Monday following news that Cyprus had reached a deal with international lenders avoiding a government bankruptcy. Over the past week oil is up just over a dollar per barrel.
I think it is funny when crude was 140.00 something diesel price was 4.30 something so it proves big oil is just getting richer. It is not supply and demand more When they get the price up to 6.00 dollars maybe they will be happy. I can't wait until we get a replacement for gas and diesel. Then watch them cry.
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Adina Apartment Hotel Wollongong
19 Market Street
NSW 2500 Australia
Tel: +61 2 4250 5000
Fax: +61 2 4250 5099
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Adina Apartment Hotel Wollongong
|(Previously known as Medina Executive Wollongong)
|Relax and unwind in Wollongong's glorious natural setting, enjoy its superb beaches and growing reputation as a city that appreciates fine food and wine.
|Wollongong has undergone enormous growth and confidence in recent years and now visitors have a luxury serviced apartment option in the heart of its busy CBD. Yet the city retains its small town vibe.
Adina Apartment Hotel Wollongong is just a short stroll from attractions such as Crown Street Mall, Win Entertainment Centre, City Beach and the "the Gong's" famous beachside golf course.
Choose from 71 studio and one-bedroom apartments with balcony (all fully equipped for a long or short stay with facilities such as fast broadband and in-room movies). With its conference and function facilities, consider our Wollongong hotel for your next business retreat or convention. Ask our dedicated staff to take care of every detail.


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Calendar: Week of Aug. 6, 2010
FRIDAY, AUG. 6 First Friday art reception, The Art Center, 1803 N. Seventh St., 7-9 p.m., gallery talk at 6:30 p.m., opening exhibits "Eye, Hand and Heart: Works by Joanne Beaule…
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While certainly not every business needs to raise venture financing, it is the path for many high-growth technology startups. Therefore, going down the fundraising path is something many technology entrepreneurs will need to do and is a critical step in the development of their business. This can be an intimidating experience so I've put together a list of five tips for raising a venture round. This is by no means an exhaustive list so I'd love to hear other suggestions from you in the comments of this post.
Tip 1: Make Sure You Are Ready to Scale
First, before you even start the process of raising a lot of money, make sure you have figured out your model and are truly ready to scale. Earlier this week on ReadWriteStart, Steve Blank used research at The Startup Genome Project and explained:
One of the biggest surprises is that success isn't about size of team or funding. It turns out Premature Scaling is the leading cause of hemorrhaging cash in a startup, and death.
If you're early in the investment process, a small angel round or partnering with an accelerator may be the best approach. In fact, research conducted by the Startup Genome Project found that the best practice in the first phase, a.ka. discovery, is to only raise between $10,000 and $50,000.
Tip 2: Have A Real Lead
Next, if you are going to raise a round, find one or two partners to do it with. As Mark Suster pointed out yesterday on his blog, he's seeing more and more cases where "entrepreneurs are working hard to make sure they have as many VC names and famous angels on their cap table for signaling value." He explains five problems with this and I couldn't agree more. Remember, once you screw up your cap table it's really hard to go back. So in your first few funding rounds, try to raise money from as few people as possible and make sure they really will help.
Tip 3: Conduct Diligence on Your Potential Investors
When you get close to finding a lead, don't be afraid to ask to speak to some CEOs who have worked with the firm. They are going to poke and prod your business to figure out if you're someone they want to work with. You should figure out the same thing. Pay special attention to investors who are willing to introduce you to CEOs of their portfolio companies that went through hard times. This is when your potential investor will really show how committed they are to the companies they invest in.
Tip 4: Really Understand Key Terms
Once you get the term sheet make sure you know how to read it. I strongly recommend reading Brad Feld and Jason Mendelson's Venture Deals: Be Smarter Than Your Lawyer and Venture Capitalist. This will give you tons of information on all the terms you'll encounter when raising a venture round and how they could impact your deal. This includes things like how liquidation preferences impact future rounds and ultimate liquidity, to why VCs ask to expand an option pool before investing as part of their term sheet. Too many entrepreneurs focus exclusive on the valuation number and this book can really help you understand all the implications around the term sheet you receive.
Tip 5: Remember Time Kills Deals
Once you have a term sheet you are happy with, don't over negotiate. You have a business to run and more importantly don't forget one of the first principals of any sales process: "time kills deals". The worst thing that can happen is for you to drag your feet over some meaningless terms (which you'll understand are meaningless thanks to reading Brad and Jason's book above) and end up having your potential investor get cold feet or even have something that's outside your control change. Just get the deal done once you're happy with the material terms and have an investor you trust and want to work with.
Bonus Tip: Run a Great First Board Meeting
When the cash is in the bank, you're not done; in fact you are just starting. Once you've raise your round, you'll almost certainly end up with at least one new board member. It's really key that you run a great first board meeting at this point. If this is your first round, this may be the first formal board meeting you've had, so prepare for it and make sure you know what you want to accomplish. This will set the tone for future board meetings so make sure that board members take your meetings seriously. There are a number of great posts on this topic and I may try to summarize these in a future post, but one of my favorites for now is from Guy Kawasaki on "The Art of the Board Meeting."
As I said at the beginning of this post, this isn't an exhaustive list. I'd love suggestions in the comments below for other tips when raising a venture round.
Thanks to Mark Coggins for creative commons use of the photo.
Thanks to Mark Coggins for creative commons use of the photo.


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Hurricane Sandy, strengthening rapidly after crossing the warm Caribbean Sea, slammed into southeastern Cuba early Thursday with 110 mph winds that cut power, damaged homes and blew over trees across the city of Santiago de Cuba.
The storm has a 70 percent chance of smacking the Northeast and mid-Atlantic next week with gale-force winds, flooding, heavy rain and maybe even snow, forecasters said adding, it has all the earmarks of a billion-dollar storm.
(Read More: Strengthening Hurricane Sandy Slams into Cuba)
For investors, understanding how the weather (both actual and predicted) may affect sales and earnings provides key insights into how a business will "weather" an earnings period or same store sales expectation.
While skeptical investors often sneer at the "weather excuse" whenever retailers mention weather as a cause of missed expectations, the reality is the weather does have a significant (and measurable) influence on the timing of sales of seasonal items.
This is particularly true during the fall and spring transition months.
For Hurricane Sandy, the computer models have become more steadfast in their predictions of a large, perhaps historic storm strike in the heart of the U.S. Northeast population center.
The impact of the storm on businesses could be tremendous – lost sales traffic, sustained power outages, coastal flooding, major tree loss and property damage, etc.
The impact on October sales, however, may actually be positive.
The reason? Timing.
The "unprecedented" Snowtober storm last year took a big bite out of October retail sales as the brunt of the storm fell into the October reporting period. According to the International Council of Shopping Centers (ICSC) October 2011 retail sales rose at the " …slowest pace since March 2011."
One of the reasons – the weather.
(Read More: No Halloween Trick - The Return of the Perfect Storm?)
As quoted by the ICSC, both TJX and Macy's reported that the weather impacted sales negatively in October, with the Snowtober storm resulting in a major haircut in store traffic on the last Saturday of the fiscal month.
For Sandy, it looks now like the major impacts of the storm will occur in the Northeast on Monday or Tuesday. That's fiscal November for most retailers.
The effect of the media reporting on the approach of the storm will result in a much stronger traffic comp to last year on the final Saturday of the fiscal month (and quarter) as consumers head to the stores to stock up and prepare for the onset of what looks to be a fiscal November event.
Of course, what benefits October takes away from November but, in the near term, the timing of the effect of Sandy may result in a stronger upside than expected when same store sales numbers are released next Thursday.
Sector Snapshot - Sandy and the Retail Stocks
- Wal-Mart Stores Inc.
- Target Corp.
- Macy's, Inc.
- Dillard's Inc.
- Gap Inc.
- Abercrombie & Fitch Co.
- Saks Incorporated
- Kohl's Corp.
- American Eagle Outfitters, Inc.
- J. C. Penney Company, Inc.
- Costco Wholesale Corporation


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I have ZoneAlarmPro 6.x installed on my Win2KPro SP4 workstation (all latest updates installed), which is set up for Internet Connection Sharing. Everything seems to be working fine. However, after a couple of days of use, web browsing becomes very slow on the downstream computerssharing the Internet connection. For example, www.ebay.com will take up to a minute load. However, running a dslreports speed test from the downstream computers shows that the connection speed is OK. Everything remains fine on the ZAPro computer. The only solution is to stop ZAPro, and restart it. The browsing problem is solved by the ZAPro restart, but the issue will pop up a couple of days later.Any ideas as to why the web browsing should slow down on the downstream computers?Thanks!
Operating System:Windows 2000 Pro
Product Name:ZoneAlarm Pro
Software Version:6.0


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Very friendly staff, great bed, great breakfast, very clean. Very close to the Koln Messe fairgrounds Only parking is the area is difficult. Family run hotel Highly recommended. Will definitely return
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Booking.com and Priceline so you can book your Hotel Merlin Garni reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.


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For each pillow there is a pillow cover
for each ___ there is a ___
This nondescript line from Exercise 1 (Conceptual Mathematics, page 306) is an excuse for pillow fights. It's possible that two different pillows get assigned to the same one pillow cover, and pillows fighting over the cover inevitably follows and then there are pillow covers that no pillow wants (which is what got some people into 'people is scenery' theory of people).
for each f: D -> C there is a x: 1 -> X
is saying something like there is a function from a collection (of functions f from a domain set D to a codomain set C) to a collection (of elements x)?
That's how far I got…
Thanks Grama for the title!
0.000000 0.000000
Leave a Comment


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At this time many students are asked to supply details of their VARK scores. You may need to copy your Questionnaire before you submit it and also copy the VARK results page after you have submitted it. We do not identify online respondents so we cannot retrieve your completed questionnaire. Alternatively you can purchase a VARK Profile (currently about $US15).
If you have paid for a VARK Profile and missed the download of it, a backup copy is sent, attached to an email.
This VARK site is undergoing a major revision along with some new VARK products (an exciting new miniProfile) and some improvements to the existing ones.
Our VARK Business website is at http://business.vark-learn.com.


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- Posts:5
- Followers:0
1 Replies | 497 ViewsOn 10/09/2011 06:59 AM in NFL
Untill Jason Garrett realizes that he has to be aggressive each and every game. He's going to get tripped up, distracted, or out maneuvered most of the time. Truth is the guy is not focused on keeping his edge over 60 minutes. It shows when his QB is forcing plays that don't work after thinking the game's in the bag. The reason they don't work is the QB and the coach not understanding that a play's shelf life is maybe a half, if that. Instead Jason Garrett and Tony Romo has a limited view of how great these teams are. Even the Lions, and it catches up with them regularly.


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i have no idea what to call it but there's a new round sign for the rivers/riverfront — i saw "Shackamaxon" under the wrapping and what looked like river lines — on the bump out at the corner. all i can think of when i see it is another vehicle for the Making Time/roller derby/wheat paste graffiti that all the Kool kids put up.
along with the second round of trees, this looks to be a finishing detail for the revitalization. i don't see another one on any other corner at this time.
Fri, 2012-05-11 15:57
We saw that thing this morning. It seemed to still be wrapped up. We thought it was a giant hot water heater. We are a little slow in the a.m.
Fri, 2012-05-11 16:19
What about sign for the east side of Girard, the stumps there with wiring in place, are they not doing that one now? As for the finishing touches, its so lame how the tree pit cut outs are all different, They should have made them more uniform.
What is so bad about religion is that it fosters a primitive form of morality that hinders progress in virtually any domain beneficial to our modern world.
Fri, 2012-05-11 20:33
We saw that thing this morning. It seemed to still be wrapped up. We thought it was a giant hot water heater. We are a little slow in the a.m.
I thought it was a giant roll of linoleum. (Do they still make linoleum?)
Sat, 2012-05-12 08:50
They are (supposedly interactive) decorative light sculptures serving as a gateway to the Delaware River via Penn Treaty Park. A project that the NKCDC with input from other local civics to continue to develop the relationship of our neighborhood to the Delaware River. Not sure when the official unveiling will be.
Sat, 2012-05-12 12:59
Penn Treaty park is a pigsty in the summer.
"We have two evils to fight, capitalism and racism. We must destroy both racism and capitalism."
Mon, 2012-05-14 12:44
just wanted to say i love your user icon. one of my favorite films. 8-)


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Register now for non-credit classes
Non-credit classes in everything from e-marketing to gardening are now available for registration through WCC's Division of Economic & Community Development. The classes will be offered during Spring/Summer Semester, which begins in May.
Whether you want to pursue interests and hobbies, grow in your career, or simply learn something new and fascinating, WCC's non-credit classes have something for everyone.Full Story »


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Recent eLetters
Displaying 1-10 letters out of 1340 published
Re: The value of Child Death Overview Panels (CDOP) remains unproven
Value for money
We endorse the sentiments expressed by Mecrow and O'Connor, and acknowledge the concerns they raise. As emphasised in our paper, there is currently a lack of evidence for the efficacy, efficiency and effectiveness of the child death review process. However, we would argue that the value of the CDOP process is not predicated on a demonstrable reduction in mortality alone.
While demonstrating a reduction in mortality secondary to CDOP interventions may be beyond the scope of any individual panel, it is possible that the process of child death review delivers a range of other benefits such as promoting wellbeing and reducing morbidity. This does not negate the need for a comprehensive evaluation as the essence of the issue is not whether CDOPs deliver valuable outcomes but whether they deliver good value for money in an economically constrained service.
The lines of accountability for CDOPs should be reviewed and improved so that, for example, recommendations for improving perinatal care are not rooted through a Local Children's Safeguarding Board. We completely agree that national aggregation and analysis of data is the most obvious vehicle for starting to deliver a reduction in mortality and its absence compounds any poor return for resources invested. Nationwide collation should be combined with the capacity to both review effectiveness evidence for interventions to tackle contributory factors and make recommendations for national programmes where appropriate.
Joining with our colleagues we reiterate our call for national collation and analysis of data to derive maximum benefit from the process, and for a more rigorous evaluation that recognises broader outcomes than mortality alone.
Dr Luke Allen (corresponding author) Dr Simon Lenton Dr James Fraser Dr Peter Sidebotham
Conflict of Interest:
None declared
Cultural awareness; small volumes of blood for culture cause under-detection of invasive infections
We read with interest your article demonstrating surprisingly low levels of culture-confirmed invasive bacterial infections in children.[1] Whilst we agree better strategies are needed for separating low risk, febrile children from those with invasive-infections, we believe there is another significant factor contributing to their apparent low rates.
Large studies demonstrate that blood-culture volumes are frequently inadequate in children.[2] It is well documented that the most significant factor in yielding an organism from culture is the volume of blood sampled.[3, 4] Insufficient volumes lead to large numbers of false- negatives, and it is estimated that 50% of cultures taken from children are of inadequate volume.[2]
We audited blood-culture volumes locally, analysing 66 patient samples (target volumes from previous studies [2]). We documented an overall compliance of 33%. Significantly this included 0% compliance in the >10yr age-group (N=11). Similar volumes were taken from 14 year- olds as 1 month-olds (Mean 1.92ml vs 1.00ml respectively), despite the >10-fold difference in circulating volume and haemodilutionary effect on bacterial concentrations. From our intervention we learned this was largely due to a lack of education of how much blood was necessary from different sized children. Better education is clearly needed.
Your article mentions standard practice taking "at least 1 - 2ml blood"[1], however for at least the >6000 tests performed in the 5-15 year-olds, 1-2ml of blood would be insufficient to produce a reliable result. Recent recommendations even suggest for children >36kg, an adult regime of cultures should be performed (40-60ml).[5]
Even taking into account "modern technologies [making] blood volumes less problematic"[1] our audit shows many clinicians remain unaware how much blood it is necessary to take. Considering that children remain difficult to venesect due to their small veins and poor compliance, the positive yield of blood-cultures is certain to underestimate the true number of invasive-infections in children.
1. Le Doare K, Nichols A-L, Payne H, et al. Very low rates of culture -confirmed invasive bacterial infections in a prospective 3-year population-based surveillance in Southwest London. Arch Dis Child Published Online First: February 19th 2014. doi:10.1136/archdischild-2013- 305565
2. Connell TG, Rele M, Cowley D, Buttery JP, Curtis N, How reliable is a negative blood culture result? Volume of blood submitted for culture in routine practice in a children's hospital, Pediatrics. 2007;119(5):891.
3. Mermel LA, Maki DG, Detection of bacteremia in adults: consequences of culturing an inadequate volume of blood, Ann Intern Med. 1993;119(4):270.
4. Ilstrup DM, Washington JA 2nd.The importance of volume of blood cultured in the detection of bacteremia and fungemia. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1983;1(2):107
5. Ellen Jo Baron et al, A guide to utilization of the microbiology laboratory for diagnosis of infectious diseases: 2013 recommendations by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the American Society for Microbiology, Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2013 Aug; 57 (4) : e22- e121.
Conflict of Interest:
None declared
The value of Child Death Overview Panels (CDOP) remains unproven
Allen et al (1) are to be congratulated in reporting the first attempt to quantify the efficacy and impact of Child Death Overview Panels (CDOP) in the UK. They note that Paediatricians contributing to the workings of the panel are of the view that the panels function well with 71% of responders agreeing or agreeing strongly that they offer good value. However, the nature of the study may have involved significant bias as participating Paediatricians were asked to consider a number of variables where responses were subjective and, because those involved in the survey are members of CDOP panels, there may have been an inappropriately positive view of the impact and importance of the process. Strikingly, only 27% of respondents in the survey identified the prevention of future child deaths as the most important function of the process.
The authors acknowledge that a lack of aggregated National data compromise efficacy of the panels and cite sources indicating that the cost of introducing the panels across the UK is of the order of ?53 million. As past (IKM) and current (LOC) members of the CDOP panel we would agree that any value associated with the process remains unclear.
The lack of objective or measurable outcomes hampers any assessment and it might be argued that the CDOP process could only be seen to work and offer value for the considerable investment, if a reduction in childhood mortality could be demonstrated. Our experience, which dates from the inception of the CDOP process, is that very many hours are spent reviewing cases where there are very good medical reasons accounting for the vast majority of deaths. Few deaths are identified as having been predominantly due to modifiable factors and a large proportion of the modifiable factors that are identified are already the subject of major public health campaigns; for example, co-sleeping and smoking in pregnancy. Further, we have been concerned that the processes of Coronial review through Inquest and Serious Case Review overlap very significantly with the CDOP process - an unnecessary duplication of effort.
We would agree that the lack of aggregated National or Regional data render any analysis of childhood deaths almost impossible. An individual CDOP cannot know whether there is an excess mortality due to any particular cause. This effectively precludes the institution of actions to remedy service failings at a local level. Attempts to address this are in progress. For example, in Greater Manchester, the Chairs of a number of CDOPs have met to explore whether regional aggregation of data might assist in identifying trends and areas of good or poor service provision. Because the numbers of childhood deaths by cause are relatively small even this approach is a poor substitute for National data.
It may be that the paediatricians involved find the experience of reviewing child deaths rewarding and there will be some learning from detailed review of cases. However, these benefits fall someway short of providing justification of the expense of the process. We urgently need aggregated data to allow comparison of death rates from specific conditions. Only then will we know whether the primary aim of the process can be achieved. Until this data is available the value of the CDOP process cannot be quantified. We live in a time of huge financial constraint in the NHS; it is our duty to extract the maximum benefit from every pound spent in the healthcare economy.
1. Allen L, Lenton S, Fraser J and Sidebotham P. Improving the practice of child death overview panels: a paediatric perspective. Arch Dis Child. 2014;99:193-196
Conflict of Interest:
We have no competing interests
Re: NGS : ethical and social considerations
To the Editor,
We are very pleased to see the comment from Dr Burke regarding the ethical and social considerations of Next Generation Sequencing, in response to our review.
As we noted in our original article, the field is very complex, with a major issue being the interpretation of sequencing data, such that without follow up investigations many variants cannot be confidently assigned as either benign or pathogenic. Given that this is the case, reporting on such variants is premature.
It is also true that further research is urgently needed to determine the potential benefits or harm of wide scale sequencing in children. However, until we have clearer information on what variants can be considered pathogenic, in addition to clear irrefutable evidence that genetic testing in children is beneficial and not harmful, we would continue to recommend that children be entitled to an open future and allowed to choose testing for themselves at the appropriate age.
Conflict of Interest:
None declared
Rapid tube weaning - benefits and challenges
Dear Editor-in-chief, in reaction to Charlotte M Wrights editorial "Failure to wean" (2013, 98: 838-840) we would like to add some data on the option of rapid tube weaning to enhance the discussion between rapid versus slow weaning programs and to advocate a flexible and individually tailored approach. As Mrs Wright comments saying that no program suits every child we would like to stress that especially medically fragile patients will need an individually tailored approach. The more rapid the reduction of tube feeds is performed, it is more likely that hunger occurs, whereas the child needs to be evaluated closely during this process.
Our data (1) show that 92% of telemedical vs. 82% onsite treated of 344 children could be weaned completely using a rapid approach ("Graz model of tube weaning") (2,3). Our data support the option of rapid reduction of caloric intake. Currently, we are evaluating our long-term data: relapse rate is <1% (children who had to go back to full tube feeds - TF), <5% partial TF as a result to unforeseeable medical events. As we had 36 patients since 2010 living in the UK, this may show that our online services (www.notube.com) for counselling are seen as helpful. In various conferences and lectures throughout GB we taught our approach. We advocate thorough assessment, team counselling, contact with local centres. Experience and decidedness give hope for parents and children to be able to learn to eat.
Conflict of Interest:
None declared
Audit confirming appropriate requesting of CT head scans in children with minor head injury
Dear Sirs,
We read with great interest your work on the cost effectiveness of clinical decision rules for minor head injury. As you point out, increased CT scanning reduces the risk of missing patients that require neurosurgery at the expense of increased radiation risk. This latter point has been recently raised in the literature [1,2] and prompted us to audit our practice of the appropriateness of CT scanning children with minor/borderline head injury.
We collected data spanning a 3 month period (July 1st - Sept 31st 2013). 78 CT head scans were requested from our A&E for paediatric patients. 37 requests were for minor head injury. These were audited against the 2007 NICE guidelines [3]. 4 scan requests were not in accordance with guidelines but 2 of these yielded positive intracranial findings. With 89% of scan requests in accordance with NICE standards, 16% revealed a skull fracture and/or intracranial bleed.
The 2003 NICE head injury guidelines for children were extrapolated from adult data and subsequently revised in 2007 to integrate the CHALICE rule (Children's Head injury Algorithm for the prediction of Important Clinical Event) into a specific paediatric guideline [4]. The CHALICE rule was derived from a large cohort of children and is yet to be validated [5].
Furthermore, in their 2014 provisional update, NICE specifically identify a need for comparison of clinical decision rules such as CHALICE, CATCH (Canadian Assessment of Tomography for Childhood Head Injury) and PECARN (Paediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network) with the proposed 2014 NICE guidelines.
In conclusion, our data show appropriately requested paediatric head CT scans as per NICE guidelines. We agree that clinical decision rules once validated and compared with the upcoming guidelines may have a useful role in the reducing the number of children missed who could be considered for neurosurgical intervention.
Yours Sincerely,
Dr Ravindran Visagan (FY2 in Paediatrics) Dr Ravi Lehal (Consultant Paediatrician)
REFERENCES 1. Pearce MS, Salotti JA, Little MP, McHugh K, Lee C, Kim KP, Howe NL, Ronckers CM, Rajaraman P, Sir Craft AW, Parker L, Berrington de Gonz?lez A. Radiation exposure from CT scans in childhood and subsequent risk of leukaemia and brain tumours: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet. 2012 Aug 4;380(9840):499-505. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60815-0. Epub 2012 Jun 7.
2. Mercuri & Einstein. A small but real risk of cancer in children from undergoing CT. Evid Based Med. 2013 Aug;18(4):158-9. doi: 10.1136/eb-2012-101037.
3. NICE (2007). Head injury: NICE guideline (2007).
4. Harty E, Bellis F. CHALICE head injury rule: an implementation study. Emerg Med J. 2010 Oct;27(10):750-2. doi: 10.1136/emj.2009.077644.
5. NICE (2013). Head injury: NICE guideline DRAFT (August 2013). http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/live/13499/64911/64911.pdf.
Conflict of Interest:
None declared
NGS : ethical and social considerations
The new paradigm in which children undergo genetic investigations acknowledges that genetic information belongs to families, as well as individuals. Recent ACMG guidance [1] requires clinical laboratories in the USA to 'screen' genomes for 56 highly penetrant mutations with 24 disease associations when undertaking next generation sequencing (NGS), regardless of the indication, the age of the patient, and their preferences with regards to receiving the results that are generated. As such, results are less 'incidental' and represent a deliberate, systematic effort to identify genetic changes associated with particular diseases when NGS is undertaken in the clinical setting.
In the paediatric setting, this practice is at odds with well- established norms and professional consensus that testing for highly penetrant, adult-onset diseases should be avoided until adulthood [2]. Incidental findings in children also challenge conventional notions of respect for future autonomy; respecting the rights of children to make decisions about testing at an appropriate age and minimizing the risk of psychological harm when status is prematurely revealed [3]. The enduring relevance of genetic results across the life-course - the results of which may not be welcome to individuals on reaching adulthood - challenge the right of children to an open future [4]. Yet despite fears about the additional risks of genetic testing in minors, there is little evidence to support notions of actual, or potential harm. Potentially, patients may see genetic findings as valuable adjuvant information of potential clinical utility, a welcome addition to modern medical evaluation and personalized medicine in practice.
Clearly the ultimate aim is to maximise the potential benefit of genomic data for children and families. With regards to next-generation sequencing, consensus is urgently needed on which diseases constitute reasonable targets for screening, in addition to timely situated, empirical work on the ethical, social and legal aspects of next-generation sequencing in paediatric practice.
[1] Green RC et al. American College of Genetics and Genomics recommendations for the reporting of incidental findings in clinical exome and genome sequencing. Genet Med 15(7):565-74
[2] Clarke A. Genetic testing of Children. Working Party of the Clinical Genetics Society UK. J Med Genet. 1994 31(10): 785-797
[3] Malpas JP. Predictive genetic testing of children for adult-onset diseases and psychological harm. J Med Ethics 2008; 34: 275- 278
[4] Feinberg J. The child's right to an open future. In Aiken, W, Lafollette, H, editors. Whose child? Children's rights, parental autonomy, and state power. New Jersey: Littlefield, Adams and Co, pp124-153.
Conflict of Interest:
I am currently a Wellcome Trust Research Fellow looking at the implications of incidental findings and unclassified variants in paediatric genetic medicine.
A patient-centred-care message
I read with great interest the important and elegant article written by Sullivan et al. Dealing with the death of children is always distressing, emotional and complex. It naturally leads to many difficult questions about what and when to say and do. There are no simple answers.
However, one of the few certainties is that whatever decisions are taken, the parents will have to live, and hopefully cope, with what happened to their child for the rest of their lives. Parent empowerment is therefore of central importance.
As wisely emphasised by the authors, this means the doctor's role in informing and supporting the parents continues after an end-of-life decision has been made. This does not change after the child has deceased. I have recently described the experience of being a parent faced with the unforeseen death of a young child 1. My wife and I discovered that keeping the decaying body in our arms for a few hours was an important and helpful part of the mourning process. I strongly encourage doctors in this sad situation to avoid the temptation to be prompt in taking dead children away from their parents with the well-intentioned but misguided aim of reducing relatives' pain.
1. Smeesters PR. Don't steal the body. Lancet 2013;382(9906):1704.
Conflict of Interest:
None declared
Incorrectly quoted JCVI Guidance
I read with interest the article by Murray et al on prevention of respiratory syncytial virus disease in infants and children. However, the indications for use of passive immunoprophylaxis with Palivizumab as shown in Box 1 and referenced to in the statement 'Current JCVI guidance states that palivizumab is only cost-effective..... at most risk of severe disease (see box 1)17' are incorrect and represent a mixture of the indications from the Summary of Product Characteristics and a few of the JCVI recommendations for those with SCID and long-term ventilation. The most up to date JCVI guidance for the use of Palivizumab can be found at http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130107105354/https://www.wp.dh.gov.uk/immunisation/files/2012/07/chap -27a-dh_130131.pdf.
Conflict of Interest:
None declared
Do we have the right focuses?
Dr. Bauchner and many other professionals inside and around pediatric emergency medicine are asking: Why doesn?t staff members like parents present in resuscitation?
Let us ask two other questions - one to the man on the street: What would be worst: to meet your child dead after resuscitation or the alternative: to meet your dead child dead AND to experience your dying child under ongoing resuscitation? The other question is directed to the staff: What is more traumatic for you: unsuccessful resuscitation of a child or unsuccessful resuscitation with the parents present?
I am sure we would get a wide spectrum of different opinions. But these answers can give us some valuable viewpoints and two new dimensions in addition to the academic results of traditional research.
Lutz Nietsch, MD, NICU, Aalesund, Norway
Conflict of Interest:
None declared
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So allow me to get personal.
I travel on occasion to Florida to visit family. I really prefer to fly in and out of TEX, rather than Montrose, because the extra hour and a half on each end is a hassle, making a long day of travel even longer. And more than a hassle, it's a cost. I've often spent the night in Montrose the night before I'm booked out on an early flight out so that I don't have to wake up at 4 a.m. to drive to Montrose and I've spent another night in Montrose after arriving back late at night rather than drive home when I'm tired at the end of a long day of travel. Two extra hotel bills are usually more than the additional cost of airfare out of Telluride, not to mention the cost of the extra time and gas. There's also extra cost if I take a shuttle.
But here's the problem with TEX. Because there aren't any night flights in or out of TEX, which means there's no early departure either, I can't leave Telluride until around noon, which means I arrive on the East Coast after 11 p.m., which means I'm not in bed before midnight. Not fun. I sure would like to be able to leave TEX at 8 or 9 so I could arrive at my destination early enough to get a good night's sleep and make the most of the next day.
Then there's the return home. I have to get a flight at dawn in Florida, departing at 6 a.m., wake up at 4 a.m. or earlier, in order to catch a flight to TEX. This is 2 a.m. Telluride time. So I arrive home dead tired and lose another full day. If I could leave Florida at, say 10 a.m. or even noon and still reach Telluride the same day, what an improvement that would be!
You might say that I knew Telluride was inaccessible when I moved here, so I should suck it up. I might as easily say to those who live near the airport and oppose night flights that they chose to live near an airport and so they should suck it up. These retorts, it seems to me, cancel each other out and are irrelevant to our present moment. Times change and just as Telluride need not remain as inaccessible as it was twenty or thirty years ago, so might an airport add service over that same period. Just as Telluride will never be exactly easy to get to, so the airport - serving a small community - will never be so busy that it will truly be obnoxious.
In any case, I have sucked it up for years, accepting the fact that it's not easy to get here. But the fact is, it doesn't have to stay this way because there is a potential solution: night flights at TEX.
If we allowed night flights year-round there could be an early morning flight out of here, a night arrival back home, and suddenly it would no longer be so debilitating to get to and from the East Coast and Telluride.
Keeping it personal, just as the residents of Aldasoro and Last Dollar ask, "Please don't disturb me with additional noise over my house between the hours of 6 and 8 in winter," I ask them, "May I please disturb you by having the possibility of arriving home to TEX at 8 p.m.?"
And the question becomes, which of us is more inconvenienced? Which of us would be suffering the greater imposition?
If asked to choose between an inconvenience to me and to others in my situation and an inconvenience to people who live near the airport, how is a decision-maker to decide? A little extra noise to some locals means a shorter trip to and from Telluride for others, locals and visitors alike. How are these impacts and benefits to be measured against each other?
So the discussion turns to other, seemingly bigger questions. Maybe allowing night flights would be unsafe. Maybe allowing them would break a solemn promise made thirty years ago. Maybe longer airport hours would fail to bring more commercial service, and so it wouldn't solve anybody's problem and we'd get the adverse impacts of more general aviation traffic without the benefits.
In that spirit, I want to justify my selfish motive by referencing bigger benefits of allowing night flights. I imagine there are lots of others who feel the way I do. Some of them may be tourists with other options, like Aspen or Utah or even Switzerland. They would like to check out Telluride but would prefer not to devote an entire day of travel to getting here and another day to getting home. They look at the travel options and decide to do Telluride another year, when they have more time. If I am right in imagining that these folks are out there, and it wouldn't take many of them to fill a couple of flights, then night flights could truly bring a lot more money to Telluride. Strikes me as a major community benefit.
What if the airport board votes to allow night flights but can't get an airline to schedule the service? Yes, that's a risk, but one worth taking, I think, because we know for sure we can't get the service without permitting it. Plus, thinking like an airline, if such a thing is possible, it makes sense an airline could assign a plane to a destination year-round, but would find it challenging to assign the equipment in summer, when there is less demand for air service to Telluride but more demand for it elsewhere, and then find another use for the plane in winter, when its precisely the reverse. Not to mention the other costs of changing schedules seasonally. Plus, if I were an airline executive, I might calculate that flights that depart early from Telluride and return late would probably be popular and have great load factors so I'd go for it. Those additional flights could make the whole business of serving TEX far more viable, possibly reducing fares.
Continuing to make my argument, there is a tendency to discuss the downside of allowing night flights at TEX as if there were no downside to limited commercial service here. This shouldn't be a case of measuring the new risks and costs of allowing night flights against no risks in maintaining the status quo; it's a case of weighing risks against risks and costs against costs. Sure, more flights to TEX means more risk of an accident, and possibly even more so after dark. But there is also risk associated with driving to and from Montrose airport after dark. Statistically, I would wager that the driving risk is greater than the flying risk, and not only to the traveler. The driving theoretically risks harming a local bystander, a local on the highway, as much as the flying risks harm to a local bystander. After all, a taxi could crash into your car on the highway just as readily as a plane could crash into your house on the mesa. Moreover, while night flights in winter may be marginally riskier than daylight flights in summer, so is driving at night over Dallas Divide in winter more dangerous than driving the same route during the day in summer.
The task before the Telluride Regional Airport Board of Directors is to weigh costs versus benefits. In the abstract, this sounds easy, but it's not because the benefits and costs don't fall on everybody equally or in the same way. Some of us don't live near the airport or under a flight path. Some who do live there might find a few more flights overhead than what they already experience to be a significant increase. Others would hardly notice. Some locals don't fly or don't fly much and therefore don't mind the commute to and from Montrose when they do. Some don't care about whether or not there are more tourist dollars flowing in the economy. Some would benefit directly from those dollars.
I would like to think the trump card when the airport board begins its final deliberations is that the community-at-large would see far more benefit from allowing night flights than those who are impacted would suffer adverse impacts, that the benefits do clearly outweigh the costs. But many of those impacts and benefits not only hit different people differently, they are also are subjective, making it easy for me to favor night flights since I have subjective personal reasons for hoping I can book one of them soon. I would get two more nights of good sleep per trip out of the deal. To me, that's worth a lot!
As it happens in this particular debate, there is one solution that seems tantalizingly out of reach: allow commercial night flights only. Most of the opponents would be fine with that, they have said, but apparently the FAA wouldn't allow it. It's either allow both commercial and private flights or neither. Is there no appeal? Has the airport board pursued that possibility to the end of the line?
If so, and if that sensible solution can't be had, when the dust settles and the decision over night flights is reached, some of us - maybe me, or maybe it will be some of my friends and neighbors - will be sorely disappointed.


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WASHINGTON — Rep. Mark Amodei (R-Nev.) announced Monday he has introduced H.R.4976, the Small Lands Tracks Conveyance Act, to accelerate the process for transferring small parcels of federal land to local communities.
In Western states, straightforward, non-controversial public land sales to decrease the vast federal inventory and promote local control can take in excess of a decade. Amodei said that while he believes there should be scrutiny for any sale, he cites the bureaucratic regulatory maze and slow legislative process as the main culprits in dragging out the transfers.
"Why should it take more than 10 years for the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) or the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) to transfer the lands they don't want to local stakeholders who do?" Amodei said in a press release. "What's needed is an efficient process that promotes community-directed uses and reasonable economic development. In Nevada, where the federal government controls more than 85 percent of the land, these administrative and legislative delays are a wet blanket on our economy and our conservation efforts."
The bill defines a "small track" as 160 acres or less and would limit the transfer process for such lands to 18 months by establishing firm deadlines for the BLM and USFS to meet. It would exclude lands with established federal protection for cultural, biological or endangered species issues.
If parcels are purchased by private entities for fair market value, 50 percent of the revenues from the sales would go to the county governments in which the lands are located, with the other 50 percent going to the federal treasury. If non-private entities purchase lands, such as county governments, 100 percent of the revenues would go to the treasury.
"This bill is a win-win-win," Amodei said. "It would save the taxpayers, BLM and the USFS the expense of managing an excessive portfolio of federal lands. It would generate revenue for local and federal government, which could be used for deficit reduction. And most importantly, it would give states like Nevada the freedom to determine how best to use our own lands, whether it's for economic development, farming and ranching or conservation."


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Savage 93R17XP 17HMR AT CAMO SCP
Savage 93R17XP 17HMR AT CAMO SCP
Factory New
|Bud's Item #
The 17 Series of bolt action rifles helps heighten the fun of rimfire shooting while maintaining Savage standards of meticulous crafting with the balance of modern, high-tech methods and old-world hand craftsmanship. The XP model includes the built-in adjustability and safety of the AccuTrigger, so there's no need for a gunsmith to modify it. AccuTrigger also provides a crisp, clean trigger pull, which enhances accuracy. This XP Camo Brush features a 22" carbon steel heavy barrel and a matte synthetic stock with cut checkering and swivel studs. It also has a detachable box magazine and a two-position safety immediately behind the bolt handle. This XP model comes with a 3-9x40 scope that has been mounted and bore-sighted. The stock, barrel and scope are finished in Mossy Oak Brush camo so it is ready for tack-driving accuracy powerful enough for dispatching small game and varmints with the added virtue of camouflage.
*Please Note!! Many of our pictures are stock photo's provided to us by the manufacturer and do not necessarily represent the actual item being purchased. Please verify this picture accurately reflects the product described by the title and description on this page before you place your order.


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2008 February 29
Celine - Paris Fall 2008
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(PARIS) Roll Call: Audrey Tautou, Emmanuelle Seigner, Gilles Bensimon, Michael Roberts, Antoine Arnault, Sammi Cheng. Walking: Tanya D. opened and closed the show
Chic Report: Ivana Omazic's collection mixed feminine silhouettes with luxury sportswear. Her inspiration? "The extreme sports I love, like skydiving and scuba diving and rollerblading," she said. "I wanted the clothes constructed around the body to permit movement." There were billowing multilayered silhouettes, trenches, windbreakers, and layerable, drapey parkas, as well as the requisite tailored looks softened by fur accents. Ergonomic backpacks and sculptured wedges rounded out the accessories. "I thought everything about this collection was perfect," said a post-show Stephanie Solomon of Bloomingdale's. "I love the mix of futuristic with feminine and the shocking bright colors."


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Ma Snax Organic Dog Biscuits with Chicken & Sunflower Seeds
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One of nature's panaceas, Calendula flowers provide antiseptic, antispasmodic, astringent properties as well as being a beneficial skin stimulant. High in vitamins A, C and Beta-Carotene, Calendula is a natural soother for tummies.
Organic whole grain oat, barley and brown rice flour, organic rolled oats, chicken broth, organic sunflower seeds, organic whole Calendula flowers, fresh chopped garlic, organic flax meal, canola oil and vitamin E.
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Open Source Enterprise Applications: Look Out, Here We Come!
Market research firm IDC just finished a study of open source enterprise applications with decision makers in 515 European organizations. The result: open source is undergoing market expansion in business applications.
Open source solutions for enterprise resource planning (ERP) and customer relationship management (CRM) have reached enough of a critical mass to "make a 'bleep' on every vendor's radar screen," as the IDC study reports. The leader of the study, Bo Lykkegaard, European enterprise applications program manager at IDC, is surprised by the results, as in his comments to Linux Magazine: "When you consider that open source doesn't even come up in conversation about enterprise applications, the fact that more than 5% of back-office and CRM applications are just that is pretty amazing." The percentages for security programs (such as from Clam), system management (say, from Hyperic) or content management (from Alfresco, for example) are even bigger. The largest percentage of open source software is in operating systems and databases: according to IDC, a third of those surveyed used Linux or a free UNIX as an operating system, a fourth worked with databases such as MySQL and PostgreSQL.
Lykkegaard sees the growing deployment of open source solutions to be partly due to a sea change among enterprise executives. "Open source enterprise application vendors are currently changing gears from start-up mode to market expansion mode," he writes in the report announcement. "There are clear signs," he told Linux Magazine, "they're pulling veterans into key management roles, bringing in outside capital, growing more than 20% annually and maintaining an effective distribution network and references." IDC is anticipating a prize fight in the industry as a result of the new contestants in the ring, which is good for customers that tend to go where the money values are anyway. The enterprises surveyed especially brought out the benefits of no licensing fees and smaller total cost of ownership (TCO). The biggest hurdles for open source are mostly support level and software quality concerns. Still, users tend for the most part not to be too ideological and have no problem with mixed environments. Providers show a variety of product packaging, where IDC is slowly on the lookout for new ideas, such as for a CRM appliance on a subscription basis.
The 30-page study is available for around $4,500 from the IDC website. The study includes profiles of five of the surveyed firms: Compiere, Open Bravo, SugarCRM, vTiger and xTuple. They've been getting the most press recently, says Lykkegaard about the reason why they were chosen, "and show the best market maturity. SourceForge is also counting them among the highest download volume."
Issue 163/2014
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Tag Cloud
KDE Announces Software Compilation 4.13
New release comes with better semantic search and improvements to Kontact.
Coverity: Open Source Code has Fewer Defects
Annual code quality report shows FOSS is more secure at all project size levels.
An Even Smaller Raspberry Pi
The Raspberry Pi Foundation has announced an even smaller version of the tiny computer that will fit into a DIMM slot.
Freaky Privilege Escalation Attack
A new class of problems lets a malicious app pre-configure an invisible privilege update.
Facebook Rolls Out New PHP-like Programming Language
New Hack language adds static typing and other conveniences.
Fedora Announces Innovative Crytography Policy System
New crypto policy system will offer easier configuration and more uniform security.
Shuttleworth Calls for Declarative Firmware
Ubuntu founder denounces insecurity in proprietary, close-source software blobs.
New TLS Attack Takes the S out of HTTPS
Vulnerability affects many Linux web servers
Munich Adopts Kolab
The Bavarian capital shuns Microsoft, Google, and other alternatives to implement an open source groupware solution.
Canonical Announces Ubuntu Smartphones
Phone vendor partnerships bring Mark Shuttleworth's dream of Ubuntu on a phone a step closer to reality.