text:
Activities and Amenities
|Within Facility
Don't move firewood : Please protect the Pacific Northwest from invasive species by obtaining or purchasing your firewood at or near your camping destination. Firewood can carry insects and diseases that threaten the health of our western forests. You can make a difference by buying and burning your firewood locally. dontmovefirewood.org
Moss Creek campground, WA
part ofGifford Pinchot National Forest, US Forest Service
Status: Closed through Wed May 21 2014 Season Dates
OverviewLocated in the southeast corner of the Gifford-Pinchot National Forest and close to Columbia River Gorge, Moss Creek Campground sits alongside the Little White Salmon River. At an elevation of 1,400 feet, the campground is shaded by a thick canopy of hemlock, cedars, firs and maples. Moss Creek is ideal for those wishing to escape the summer heat.
Natural Features:
Located in southwest Washington State, the Gifford Pinchot National Forest encompasses 1.3 million acres and includes the 110,000-acre Mount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument, established by Congress in 1982.
The Little White Salmon River offers rainbow and brook trout for anglers. Visitors can enjoy wading in the cool waters.
This small campground has 17 sites that are ideal for tents but useable by smaller RVs and trailers.
Nearby Attractions:
Moss Creek Campground is an excellent base for exploring the various sights around Mount Adams and the Columbia River Gorge.
Activities and Amenities
Know Before You Go
Getting There:GPS Info. (Latitude, Longitude):
45.79778, -121.63917
From I-5 at Vancouver, WA, turn east on Highway 14 for 55 miles to Cook. Turn north on Cook-Underwood Rd, then turn left onto Willard Road, and continue for 8 miles to campground.
Contact Information:
Mailing Address:Moss Creek campground
Gifford Pinchot NF Mt Adams Ranger District
Phone Number:Information: (541)338-7869
Mail to: P.O. Box 8516
Coburg OR 97408
Managed By:
Additional Information
Weather Information


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Master Po wrote:TFRRS NCAA D1 Outdoor Qualifying List -- women
UVU Collegiate Invite meet results 29 March 2013 -- men's 800m
I noticed in looking at the collegiate lists that Jessica Sargent (freshman, Idaho State) is the 800m list leader with a time of "1:59.71@". This seems noteworthy to me, but as no one has discussed it (unless I missed it somewhere out here), it must be the case that everyone but me who happens to be following USA collegiate T&F knows how to interpret this mark. In any case, I have some questions, from the trivial to the -- well, they're all trivial, but anyway...
1.What does "@" mean in these lists?
2. In looking at the actual meet results for this mark, I see that her mark is listed in the results as 2:00.32. It would still be the collegiate list leader, but why the difference between the "1:59.71@" and the "2:00.32"?
3. I note she is listed as running this in a mixed race -- i.e., Heat 2 of the men's 800. Assuming this mark is accurate in one (1:59) or the other (2:00) number, how will it be used for qualifying, etc. purposes? I assume not used, but don't know.
4. Who the heck is Jessica Sargent, anyway? I spent a brief amount of time digging out some prep marks from 2012, and her collegiate profile at ISU, and all I got was:
http://id.milesplit.com/athletes/266312 ... ca-sargent
http://www.isubengals.com/roster.aspx?r ... ath=wtrack
which lists some modest 200m & 400m times from last season at Highland HS (Pocatello, ID).
Even if this performance in a men's race is actually the slower time (2:00.32) and even if it doesn't count for rankings, qualifying, etc., it's still really impressive and surprising (to me). Any insight on this is appreciated! (Where are you aaronk? I count on you to be studying these lists in great depth and detail, and commenting! )
I think it's either a computer glitch on the part of TFRRS, or their site got hacked. In the UVU meet, Jessica Sargent finished 18th in the women's 400m, with a time of 1:03.33. She also anchored the Idaho State "C" team to a 4:17.75 seventh place finish in the 4x4. She's not currently listed in the results of any 800m race from the results on the UVU site. (In the official results from the UVU site at the link below, Justin Senecal of Idaho State is listed as having run 2:00.32 in the second heat of the men's race. He has the same initials as Ms. Sargent, although I don't know if that has anything to do with the mix-up.)
http://results.runnercard.com/Results/r ... eetid=4451

subset: commoncrawl


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Rachel Bostick
Season Recap: ISU Wins MVC Tournament, 13 Games for Second-Straight Year
Redbirds' up-and-down campaign ultimately culminates in another tournament title and NCAA Tournament appearance
ISU Soccer's Season Ends with NCAA Tournament Loss at No. 4-Seed Marquette
The Redbirds finish the season with a record of 13-5-2
Redbirds Draw No. 4-Seed Marquette in NCAA Tournament
ISU takes on the Golden Eagles in Milwaukee Friday at 7 p.m.
Redbirds to Learn NCAA Tournament Destination at 3:30
Illinois State has been in the field of 64 three of the past four seasons
Redbirds Win Second-Straight MVC Title, Third in Four Years
ISU will represent the conference in the NCAA Tournament
Indiana State vs. Illinois State
Indiana State vs. Illinois State
Illinois State Vs. Missouri State
Illinois State women's soccer team takes on Missouri State on Sunday October 21, 2012
Illinois State Vs. Norther Iowa
The Illinois women's soccer team took on the Northern Iowa Panther at home on Wednesday October 10, 2012
"Kick for a Cure" Soccer vs. Loyola
"Kick for a Cure" Soccer vs. Loyola October 3, 2012
ISU Soccer vs. Western Michigan
ISU soccer takes on Western Michigan. 9/2/12
Illinois State VS Western Michigan
09/02/12 Illinois State suffered its first loss of the season to Western Michigan 2-1
2012: All-Missouri Valley Conference Second Team selection...MVC Player of the Week (Oct. 2)...named to the MVC All-Tournament team...started all 20 games for the Redbirds, and 70 throughout her career...scored goals in back-to-back games at Evansville (Sept. 23) and Creighton (Sept. 29)...also tallied an assist against the Jays, giving her a season-high three-point performance...recorded additional assists at Florida Gulf Coast (Aug. 26) and against Indiana State (Oct. 14)... departs the Redbirds as a member of the winningest class under head coach Drew Roff and only group to win three MVC Tournament titles and make three NCAA Tournament appearances.
2011: All-Missouri Valley Conference Honorable Mention...started all 19 games, recording nine points on four goals and an assist...scored the game-winning goal in victories against Drake (Sept. 25) and at Northern Iowa (Oct. 4)...was credited with an assist in a 2-1 win over Northwestern (Sept. 11)...took a season-high six shots and scored a goal in the championship match of the MVC Tournament (Nov. 6).
2010: Preseason All-Missouri Valley Conference selection...started all 18 games, ranking third on the team in points with six after netting a pair of goals and notching two assists...scored the game-winner for Illinois State in a 2-1 victory at SIU Edwardsville...provided an assist on the game-tying goal for ISU in the semifinal game of the Missouri Valley Conference Tournament.
2009: All-Missouri Valley Conference Freshman Team selection...All-Valley Second-Team selection...appeared in 13 games on the season, ranking third on the Redbird offense with five goals and two assists for 12 points...led the MVC in points during conference play with 10 of her 12 points on the season coming during conference games...led the MVC in goals with four and assists with two during conference play...scored her first collegiate goal in Illinois State's record-setting 5-0 victory over Morehead State...set a career-high for points in a game with four against Northern Iowa (Oct. 14) after scoring back-to-back goals contributed to the Redbird offense that finished third in program history for points in a season at Illinois State with 101 and goals in a season with 38.
Prior to ISU: Four-year starter and two-year team captain at Waubonsie Valley (No. 1 high school team in the nation) ... led Waubonsie Valley to back-to-back IHSA State Championships (2007, 2008) ... named Chicago Tribune Second-Team All-State selection (2008) ... named all-city (2007, 2008), all-conference (2007, 2008) and 2008 Naperville Sun Female Athlete of the Year... played club soccer for America's Soccer Club... starter on high school varsity basketball team.
Personal: Rachel Lynne Bostick ... born August 26, 1991 ... daughter of David and Laura Bostick ... major: English education.


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Porto Salvo is a budget bed and breakfast situated in an old abbey of the Capuchin Monks dating back to the sixteenth century located in Sant'Agnello di Sorrento, overlooking the beautiful sea of the Bay of Naples.
This oasis of peace and quiet was recently renovated in keeping with the characteristics of the original building for families, groups and couple vacations.
The association which runs this comfortable Sorrento bed and breakfast, the first example of social tourism on the Sorrento Peninsula, welcomes guests with great cordiality and devotes special attention to the needs of each guest in particular disabled individuals.
Close to Sorrento center, Porto Salvo b&b offers the possibility of a vacation at affordable prices in a wonderful unique spot surrounded by every type of comfort and top quality services.
Porto Salvo offers its guests numerous exclusive services to make their stay even more enjoyable: international buffet breakfast with a vast selection of sweets, jams, cheeses cold cuts and other tidbits, outdoor parking on the property, transfer to and from Naples airport and the Sorrento train station, dinner service upon request, tour reservations for Herculaneum and Pompeii, the Amalfi Coast and wonderful spots on the Sorrento Peninsula, boat trips to Capri and Isola dei Galli.
The vacation home also has a special arrangement with a nearby beach concession.
Special services to accompany senior citizens and disabled individuals can also be organised as well as babysitting.
Grant yourself a special St. Valentine's day in Sorrento, grabbing the Port Salvo offer that includes a 1 night stay with breakfast, special dinner and live music at only 109,00 €!Read more
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Discussion about math, puzzles, games and fun. Useful symbols: ÷ × ½ √ ∞ ≠ ≤ ≥ ≈ ⇒ ± ∈ Δ θ ∴ ∑ ∫ π -¹ ² ³ °
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No, don't dump it, it is still of value ... it will come in handy most of the time, but it is a little outdated. Nevertheless, you can still get some valuable information from it. But I think W3C is better.
June 1993. Quite old now, I guess. Maybe I should dump it?
What year was it printed? It does not really matter, but with many program languages certain things are being replaced, especially in the basic ones.
What the title says, and its title 'C++ Primer 2nd Edition'. I found it and happened to get it (since it was free.) does anyone know much about it? I mean, I'm interested in programming, but don't know anything about it, except basic rules. Is the book old and outdated? Suggestions?


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Montpelier water worry dampens city reportBy Gayle Hanson
Staff writer | May 10,2013MONTPELIER The good news is the quality of Montpeliers water supply is excellent. Thats according to the latest water quality report from the Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation. Theres just one snag.
Because of a plan put in place more than a decade ago, several Berlin customers on the Montpelier system, including the Berlin Volunteer Fire Department, still receive untreated water. And that, says the state, is a no-no and could be costly.
The brief history in a nutshell is that the citys water comes from Berlin Pond and the transmission goes down the hill into Montpelier. We have a couple of users in Berlin who, through a longstanding arrangement, have been receiving raw water all along, but its a situation that needs to be addressed, said Tim Raymond, operations section manager for the state drinking water and groundwater protection division.
Weve kind of gone back and forth with the state around this, said Todd Law, chief of the citys Public Works Department, who said the initial recipients of the untreated water were using it for agricultural purposes. But were hoping that were going to have a solution soon.
Law said those users dont have any complaints for the time being.
The best solution, according to Law, and the one most easily accomplished, is to move the three remaining raw water users to the Berlin water supply when it comes into being.
According to Law, the city has worked with the residents receiving the untreated water and has gone so far as to start drawing up plans to create an expensive mini treatment plant that would serve the remaining customers. Law said the fire department uses the water only to fill its tankers and another customer has already dug a well.
Right now, the users have their own filters and ultraviolet lights to treat the water, and everything has been satisfactory, he added. That said, Law was dismayed when it looked as though it might cost up to $100,000 to create a system that would serve less than a handful of customers.
The state has given the city until August 2014 to set things right with its remaining raw water customers.
According to the compliance schedule, Montpelier must either provide for filtration and disinfection to those service connections currently being served untreated water ... or physically disconnect those service connections from the raw water transmission lines.
Montpelier has very high-quality water, Raymond said. So its just a little bit of a black eye.
In the meantime, Law said hell move forward to have a plan in place to address the problem.
Weve been in the process of getting something ready, he said. Wed be happy to turn these customers over to Berlin.
@Tagline:gayle.hanson @timesargus.comMORE IN Vermont NewsMONTPELIER Three Vermont ski areas at least partially located in the Green Mountain National... Full StoryCity Council This Week Lends Support to Citizens to Protect Berlin Pond Petition Full StoryBOSTON I need to run. Full Story
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The person who relinquishes the right to his or her own life (10:38-39) becomes a representative of Jesus (10:40-42; compare 18:5; Mk 9:37; Lk 10:16; Jn 13:20), and one must receive a herald or ambassador in the same way one would receive the one who sent him (for the principle applied to an apostle, compare 2 Cor 5:20-6:2, 11-13; 7:2-4). Some in Jesus' day seem to have advocated receiving the sages as God's representatives, but for Jesus it was those who became like children-the epitome of dependence and powerlessness in antiquity-who were his representatives (Mt 10:42; 11:25; 18:5-6).
As people treat God's prophet, so they treat the God who sent the prophet (1 Sam 8:7). Matthew repeatedly emphasizes that disciples as Jesus' agents are his righteous ones and prophets, even greater than the prophets of old (Mt 5:11-12; 11:9; 13:17). Disciples were also little ones (10:42), the easily oppressed and powerless who could not or would not defend themselves, hence depended solely on God (18:3-6, 10; compare Mk 9:37; 10:14-15).
Receiving Jesus' representatives with a cup of cold water (Mt 10:42; Mk 9:41) probably refers to accepting into one's home missionaries who have abandoned their own homes and security to bring Christ's message (Mt 10:11; see also 25:35-40). A cup of cold water might have been all that a peasant could offer, but hospitality given in faith to a prophet who requested it would be rewarded (compare 1 Kings 17:12-16; 2 Kings 4:8-17).
The following narrative may illustrate the point twice: some would not receive a prophet who came in a prophet's name (Mt 11:7-19; compare 10:41); John the Baptist himself had to continue to receive Jesus, to embrace his identity in the midst of challenges to his faith (11:3-6).
Previous commentary:
Jesus Matters More Than Anything
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Welcome to the Garmin Developer website — dedicated to software developers and content providers who want to make their website, applications and data content compatible with Garmin navigation systems. This site gives you access to free and licensed Garmin resources and a library of Application Programming Interfaces (APIs), toolkits, web services and more.
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Eight charged in underage alcohol sting
According to an Elizabethton Police Department press release, a sting operation conducted Wednesday netted criminal charges for employees at eight city businesses for allegedly allowing minors under the age of 21 to purchase alcoholic beverages.
Confidential operatives younger than 21 posed as customers at businesses throughout the city and attempted to purchase alcohol.
Individual employees were issued summons citations charging them with the sale of alcohol to a minor at the following businesses and organizations:
- Tobacco Depot (348 Broad St.)
- Roadrunner Market #168 (1258 Milligan Highway)
- The Smokehouse BBQ Company (1941 Milligan Highway)
- Beef O' Brady's (173 Hudson Drive)
- Lakeo Steakhouse of Japan (139 Hudson Drive)
- Amigo's Mexican Restaurant (623 West Elk Ave., #B7)
- Lone Star Steakhouse (1361 Highway 19E)
- VFW Post #2166 (1977 West Elk Ave.)
The Tennessee Alcoholic Beverage Commission, which licenses the sale of alcohol in the state, could choose to levy fines against the businesses or to suspend their licenses.
The employees are scheduled to appear in Carter County General Sessions Court on Feb. 11.
One Response to Eight charged in underage alcohol sting
How freakin hard is it to ask for a valid ID and not sell to a minor? So much for getting that new license for selling wine.


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Denver >Food & Dining > Chi Bistro
1066 S Gaylord St, Denver, CO | Directions 8020939.696692 -104.961494
Mon-Thu 4pm-10pm
Fri 4pm-11pm
Sat 11am-11pm
Sun 11am-10pm
Neighborhoods: Southeast Denver, Washington Park
Absolutely Horrible – I chose this restaurant for our Father's Day brunch because it had a good rating and mostly good reviews. It was terrible. They were out of high chairs although there were only two in use in the whole restaurant. The hostess was not apologetic and failed to offer our child crayons even though they had given them to the many other children in the restaurant. They were out of ham for the special brunch menu eggs benedict. My eggs benedict came with hollandaise sauce when I had ordered the citrus sherry sauce. My first two bites contained eggshells. My daughter's macaroni and cheese had a hair in it. It was Kraft Macaroni and Cheese straight from the box, not a trace of real cheese in it. The bloody marys tasted good but had trace alcohol. They waiter was nice but forgetful or overwhelmed I am not sure which. I would never return to this restaurant and I dehort anyone else from going. It wss a huge disappointment for our supposedly special Father's Day Brunch.
skimpy with 1/2 scallop and 2 shrimp – I had the asian bouillabaisse. The soup part was delicious with just the right zing. When I got to the seafood part, I found only 1/2 of a sea scallop, 2 medium shrimp and a few bits of other fish. There was some canned pineapple, pieces of bread, fennel. It was all very good, but how greedy can a restaurant get when they cut a scallop in half! By the way, this was on the entree list.
Often tasty, Mismanaged, Lacks Detail – I want to love Chi Bistro, but after four dinner dates it is not a love match. Cute and immature staff that is poorly trained, matched by wildly uneven procedures. I'm not shy about speaking up when I need something, but it's beyond annoying to be met with a petulant look. On the upside, three of my four dinners were excellent, but only one was hot. Twice the Rib Eye was perfect and cooked as ordered. The Pork Loin Chop was overcooked and dry. Overall, the menu lends itself to occasional diners. The best menus have SMALL twists on simple food, but many of the menu items at Chi have numerous twists which makes it hard to select or imagine how it will taste.
Back to the staff: Some great looking, very hip kids; but sometimes water arrives, sometimes it doesn't. Sometimes the table set-up is complete, sometimes it isn't. When there are only four parties in the room, don't seat us in one cluster. Timing from the kitchen is a problem when there's a wait for starters and the entree arrives on top of them -- that happens at Denny's and shouldn't at Chi. The immediate bread/water/drink order at Wash Park Grille helps stem the time from seating to ordering.
The room: I greatly admire what has been done with this former Mexican restaurant. It used to be dark, disorganized and cramped. However, there doesn't yet seem to be a lighting level that has been decided on, gels on the lights would help immeasurably (who wants white quartz light on everything besides a KGB interrogator). Dividing the room with thoughtful scrims or panels for more privacy at tables would add a sense of discovery, which is missing since the entire room is visible from the street.
Chi Bistro is ALMOST what South Gaylord needs, but misses the mark on detail. I have never seen the restaurant full and can't imagine what the staff would do if that happened. I guess they'd have to move from their private party at the end of the bar. Mismanagement and poor training are Chi's two biggest problems.
It tries too hard to be something it's not – We were planning on going to Wash Park Grille, but decided we would give Chi Bistro a try. Mistake.
The food was okay, but not memorable. They were out of several items on the menu, including their "signature" crab stack. The service was just plain bad, even on a Wednesday night. The maitre d' and wait staff looked like they had just stumbled out of their dorm rooms without a thought about how they looked. The lighting was harsh. The decor was like a hotel restaurant. Some guy was noodling around on a cheap keyboard. Black toilets - that says it all. This place is trying too hard to be a super-sexy-Miami-beautiful-people spot. It's not. We certainly won't be back. Wash Park Grille - 2 doors down - is much, much better for about the same $$.
I wanted to like this place but... – I really wanted to like Chi. It's in my neighborhood, I'm a huge fan of Asian and Asian-Influenced food and I just generally want people who have the courage to start a business to succeed. But Chi needs some help. (Note: I went during Restaurant Week so I won't comment on the service other than to say that the waitstaff was very nice and I would assume that during normal times the service is much better.)
I started with the Calamari. It was well cooked, not rubbery, and nicely garnished with some radish sprouts. The chili sauce beneath the calamari was not especially impressive because its the kind that's available for $2.99 a bottle at most Asian markets, but the flavor was complementary. The wasabi mayo dipping sauce was bland, in fact, I think most of the world is bored with wasabi mayo by now. I had the Pomegranate Glazed Duck over Linguine for an entree, which was a rather poorly conceived dish. The duck was good, well cooked with a bit of pink left inside and a nice salty-caramelized crunchy skin. But the linguine alfredo it was served over was positively terrible. The texture and flavor of the pasta totally detracted from the duck, and the pasta itself was terribly mushy and congealed. My date had the Pork Chops. It was a nicely presented dish, but the meat, which was supposed to be cooked medium, was completely overcooked. The sweet potato brulee was good, but not enough to save the sawdust pork. Dessert was ginger ice cream and a vanilla cheese cake, both were good, neither was spectacular.
Overall, Chi has potential because certain elements of each dish were good but as a whole things just didn't work. Maybe a little more Yin and a little less Yang...
An exceptional neighborhood gem... – We love this place!!! Cozy, friendly, and extremely good food! We have enjoyed quiet dinners for two and drinks/apps with 10 friends and have never been disappointed. Summer on the patio--fantastic!
Meh... – I took my boyfriend here because I'd always thought the place looked cute from the outside and have heard some good things about it. First of all, we were seated at this tiny table in the corner where I felt completely clausterphobic. I'm a vegetarian and I had a very difficult time with the meny so I ordered a noodle dish without the meat. Unfortunately it seems the meat was what made the dish because it was bland and pretty much pointless for me to eat...I still had to pay the full price however. The wine list was ok...and the service was average. I definitely wasn't impressed and wouldn't go there again.
Nothing Special – We recently ate lunch at Chi for the first time on a weekend. The restaurant, which used to be Las Margs, has the same great covered patio. The food was ok; we tried the calamari and the shrimp and avocado spring rolls, which were very skimpy on the shrimp. Our server never brought us appetizer plates or waters, and after our entrees came out we never saw him again. We split the chicken salad sandwich with fries for lunch, and again were not offered ketchup, salt or pepper (no condiments on the table). The portions were typical size and the food was fine, but combined with the service, which was friendly but unattentive, I would much rather go down the street to Wash Park Grille.
Editorial Review – Casually chic Washington Park restaurant serves New American food with Asian flair, ranging from Asian bouillabaisse to baby bok choy.
Very good food, lacking atmosphere – We thought the food was very good but they were out of several items so the server kept apologizing. We also heard other servers apologizing for things to the tables next to us so it was a little worrisome! The postcard showing the dining room we got on our door made the ambience look fantastic but it was a little stark when we arrived. Too brightly lit and nothing on the walls. I'm sure they will fix this but it was less than thrilling. The manager did visit or table to check on us and was very nice. The menu had lots of variety and in different price ranges so I would recommend this restaurant. We will wait a few months for some artwork and better atmosphere and certainly go back. The Tuna entree (nicoise style) was excellent.
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*ruffles Thread's hair and pinches it on the cheeks*
Exactly how big is 1497 in Thread terms?Should we have a 1500th party for him? We have some pepperming stick ice cream! I'll dedicate a spoonfull to him.I'm so excited and a little sad that our little one is growing so quickly, but I want to encourage him and wish him and all of his friends a Merry Christmas from our US home.
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It should be 2 PSI below the cut-on pressure, not the cut-off. What air do you need to bleed off? Do you have a bleeder/snifter that you didn't remove?
I just replaced my well water diaphram tank with a 20 gallon diaphram pressure tank. I set the pressure at 2 psi below the cut off pressure of the pressure switch. My question is how do you bleed off the air when filling it up with water in side the tank? Is this even necessary?
It should be 2 PSI below the cut-on pressure, not the cut-off. What air do you need to bleed off? Do you have a bleeder/snifter that you didn't remove?
We did set it right--said it wrong cut on. I don't know what that this...a bleeder/snifter. It's just a regular blue standard tank. I'm thinking I don't need to bleed it but I don't understand why, doesn't air trap inside the bladder when the tank fills up?
During water usage the pump is cycling off about every two minutes, so in other words 20 pounds of pressure is lost within a two minute period during water usage when the pump has to turn on again. Is this normal, or is this too frequent? Thanks!
Again, I'll ask, where do you think air is coming from that would need to be bled off?
How fast the tank empties is dependent on how much water you use. A 20 gallon bladder tank should have about 6 gallons of drawdown so if it empties in 2 minutes, you are drawing around 3 GPM. If you drew at 12 GPM, it would empty in 30 seconds.
How fast the tank fills back up depends on how much water the pump moves. A 10 GPM pump might not run long enough for the motor to cool down from the heat of current on the start windings. A pump should run for at least one minute and longer is better.
If you are concerned about cycling, put in a Cycle Stop Valve.
Thanks so much for the reply! My husband is dictating all of this to me to write, and he went to bed, but I will relay this info to him.
How long does the pump run once it comes on? It should be at least a minute.
While running the water at about 3 gal/min it takes the pump 47 seconds to cycle back off (less time - 35 sec during a normal shower). The old tank I removed was one of those 45 maybe 50 gallon galvinized tanks where you had to "charge it" prior to turing the pump on. I replaced this tank (due to leaks) with a 20 gal diaphram tank. A day day later my well pump went out (ouch!). I was not sure this was coincidence since the pump is over 15 yrs old. I replaced the old 1/2 hp 3 wire 230 Volt pump with a 2 wire 3/4 hp 230 volt pump. The pump is rated for 10 GPM & good for 175 ft well. The depth of my well is 160'.
After reading the comments about the 1 minute time span & since my Old well pump burned up, I am concerned I have an undersize diaphram tank since it takes less then 1 minute to refill when runnning the water at 3 GPM. Do you recommend a larger tank ? What is the rule of thumb for sizeing this tank? What size would you install?
Just install a CSV. It will work with that size tank.
Does CSV stand for a Cycle Stop Valve? I am assuming it acts as a flow regulator - correct?


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Five of SPIN! Neapolitan Pizza restaurants were forced to close last Thursday because of a blizzard that blew through Kansas City, Mo.
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Read more about marketing and promotions.


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BYU-Idaho values suggestions and ideas that can improve the university.
Use our Feedback Form to let us know what you think.
Get to know the teachers who will present at Education Week.
Dane Dickson received his Bachelor of Arts in Chemistry and his Doctorate of Medicine from the University of Utah in the mid 90's. He then completed his internal residency through Washington University at Barnes-Jewish Hospital in St. Louis, Missouri. While pursuing his education, he worked in organic chemistry, emergency medicine, and hematology/oncology. Since that time, he has worked as the medical director of Alliance Home Health and Hospice in Rexburg, the founder and principle physician at Teton Oncology L.C. in Rexburg, and the medical director of Mountain View Oncology in Idaho Falls, as well as serving on multiple medical and clinical committees.


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Season 2012/13
On this day: 06 August
- 06 August 2012 08:46
- Posted by Nicola McCarthy
Looking back through the history books for the events, signings and memorable matches that happened on this day in City's history.
Tuesday 6th August 1991
At £2.5m, Wimbledon defender Keith Curle signs for City and becomes the most expensive British defender yet. Curle, a quick-thinking and speedy centre-half is purchased by manager Peter Reid and soon joined by Wimbledon full-back Terry Phelan as the Blues purchase half of the Dons' back four. Curle will go on to become a big crowd favourite at Maine Road as well as taking on the captain's armband.
One of my childhood icons. Him and Vincent would of been immense together in centre of defence
...mickjb79 on Twitter


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I don't watch this show often but, the other day I was flipping through channels and caught a glimpse of one of the guys that Patty was "matchmaking"... he looked sooo familiar but, even by the end of the show I couldn't place him. ugh
Last night driving home from shopping and it hit me... BB6. Wasn't there a guy named Michael that Janelle was into at the beginning of her season? I think he was Kaysar's partner?
Anyway, did anyone else see this and am I right about it being the same guy? I think the clue that put it together for me was at the end they do a post date follow-up and tell us if the couple are still together or not. The last line was something like Micheal's and his date went out one more time and haven't seen each other since... she thinks he's a bit "off"!
Millionaire Matchmaker
Started by CeCiMom, Sep 24 2011 06:18 AM
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Many thanks to Dewars Coachwoks for facilitating this camera's location. The source of the River Girvan is Loch Girvan Eye, situated high in the Galloway Hills and only half a mile from the source of the River Stinchar. The Water of Girvan passes through Lochs Cornish, Skelloch and Bradan, Ayrshire's major water supply reservoir, before making a broad sweep north via Straiton and Kirkmichael and then south-west via Crosshill and Dailly to reach the sea at Girvan Harbour. The upper Girvan valley is heavily forested, while in its middle and lower reaches the river flows through mainly cattle and sheep farming land. The Girvan is very much a spate river, with only a small compensatory flow from Loch Bradan. Freshets are released from the dam with some regularity throughout the summer season. The forestation at the headwaters causes rainfall to run off very quickly with resultant flash floods.
Donald Hendrie Building, Auchincruive Estate, Ayr, KA6 5HW
The aim of the Trust is to promote and support initiatives designed to conserve, enhance and develop our fisheries and rivers for the enjoyment of both current and future generations, thus preserving a valuable part of our natural heritage.
added: 2nd Mar 2014
posted by: Atlantic Salmon Trust
Mixed Stocks Fisheries. The Lairds of our Coast and wild salmon. Breath-taking arrogance, unsustainable, out-of-date, and cause for international censure.
After years of abuse of the netting...
slap periods, Usan Fisheries have at last been brought to account. To anyone concerned about the state of salmon and sea trout stocks on the east coast of Scotland, they will feel that this legal action is long overdue.
Sailing close to the wind. Did Usan jibe?
It is widely recognised by everyone involved in salmon fishery management that the activities of the Usan Salmon Fishery have at times been somewhat 'close to the wind' in terms of the law. The weekly slap times, when nets are by law supposed to be rendered inactive by removing the leaders to the bag nets, are in place to support the conservation of salmon, grilse and sea trout. They are most certainly not regulations for a pick and choose approach by Usan Fisheries, arguably the most destructive mixed stocks fishery remaining in the UK.
The owners of the Usan Salmon Fisheries company now face 12 charges relating to alleged incidents in Angus and Fife during August and September 2013. The locations cited are at Boddin, Dysart, Ethie Haven and Scurdie Ness. If it transpires that their nets were operating in the month of September it will confirm the extraordinary arrogance – some might say the behaviour of people who seem to regard the Scottish coast as their fiefdom, and all salmon as their property – of a fishery which surely is now an anachronism, putting Scotland's inept management of its wild salmon into international pariah status. The fact is that September is outwith the netting season. Transgression of statutory season closures is surely tantamount to poaching?
Of the twelve charges, five are related to netting salmon every weeekend in August from 1800 on Fridays to 0600 on Mondays, all outwith the statutory weekly close time for net fisheries.
All this may seem petty and somewhat arcane to anyone unfamiliar with the operations of Usan Salmon Fisheries. This company, which has long received political and moral support from government and funding from the EU, takes salmon in unknown numbers from most, if not all, east coast salmon rivers. No-one knows which populations of fish are being exploited, some of which may be in a fragile condition (as is the case with the government's own assessment of South Esk spring salmon). The activities of Usan Salmon Fisheries make it impossible for fishery managers on all affected rivers to assess the condition of their salmon stocks.
The existence of that mixed stocks net fishery is simply bad fishery management, and it is time to take full control of their exploitation. If it is found that they have been flouting the law, notwithstanding health and safety considerations, it will become absolutely clear that they cannot be trusted to manage their operations within the law. Appropriate measures to curb their activities, on conservation grounds alone, must surely follow?
And I haven't even touched on the immense damage being done by one small family business to the rural economy and communities from Fife to Inverness!
« Older En
added: 1st Dec 2013
posted by: Atlantic Salmon Trust
The role of the AST blog is to give comments on or flavour to AST's activities. I hope our readers will appreciate that its purpose is only to give brief descriptive overview of the stocking conference,...
which ended last Thursday, and that full details will emerge later.
The proceedings of the conference will of course be posted on the AST website in due course. In the meantime the job of this blog is to give our readers a flavour of what took place. I find it instructive that the event was oversubscribed. The fact that so many people wanted to attend the conference says something about how we should engage with people in the world of salmon management. It suggests, for example, that people with an interest in salmon who are very often not scientists, need to receive information in clear, plain English, and not in the sometimes obscure language of the scientist. Perhaps, more importantly, it suggests that by declaring that we are ready to listen to all points of view, to avoid being prescriptive or proscriptive, we can open up a good natured debate, however different views may be.
I think it is also important that there is clarity in distinguishing between the role of the scientist, whose job is to advise on the basis of available facts, and the manager, whose task is to make decisions taking into account all the aspects and needs of the fishery. The two roles are separate and distinct.
[b]IBIS - Integrated Aquatic Resources Management Between Ireland, Northern Ireland and Scotland[b/] - an EU initiative, provided the funding for this event and it was because IBIS covered all the conference costs that numbers were limited. While it was certainly a pity that we didn't bring in everyone who wanted to attend we did have an exceptionally knowledgeableand broadly based audience. In terms of who the conference attracted, it really could not have been better; 150 practitioners, anglers, scientists and managers gathered together to debate this contentious subject. Our congratulations and thanks go to our IBIS partners for excellent organisation and a successful conference.
[b]Stocking as an instrument of salmon fishery management[b/] has for many years been a matter of contention between those who advocate its use as an immediate reaction to counter perceived reduction in numbers of fish, to those who see its use as an action of last resort. The debate has become polarised. One of the objectives of the conference was to remove that polarity in views by dealing with the issue objectively.
The key questions that emerged from the debate were; [b]"What is the purpose of your stocking project? What outcomes do you want/expect, and how are you going to know whether you have achieved them?[b/]
Those questions were dealt with effectively over the course of the two days. While I have no doubt that there are some people who arrived at the conference as advocates of stocking as the first 'go-to' instrument of management, it is fair to claim that the debate gave recognition to all views on the basis that in each case the desired outcome of the stocking action was clearly stated. The antithesis was inferred - that without clarity of desired outcome there can be no place for stocking as a rational instrument of management.
[b]An excellent example is the SAC (Special Area of Conservation)[b/] catchment where natural biodiversity is the stated outcome. The conference agreed that in all SAC salmon rivers there should be a presumption against stocking. In other words, in those rivers, because the objective is natural biodiversity, there should be no human intervention that in any way interferes with the natural process of smolt recruitment.
On the other hand, where the manager's desired outcome is a profitable recreational fishery, and in circumstances where the capacity of that fishery to recruit sufficient naturally recruited smolts is impaired, it may be necessary to introduce stocking as a means of boosting numbers. Examples such as the Ranga in Iceland and the Lochy in Scotland were cited as rivers where for specific reasons - poor spawning and juvenile habitat on the Ranga and impacts of salmon farming on the Lochy - it is expedient and effective to boost salmon numbers artificially, despite the costs of so doing.
The conference achieved a consensus that, provided the manager is clear about why he is taking action and what outcome he wants, stocking does have a place in a toolkit of intervention instruments available to him. Underpinning and informing the moment of decision is the absolute necessity of the fishery manager to understand his stock, in terms of structure, quality (of the individual fish) and numbers. The example of the Moy catchment in Ireland, that supports populations of salmon with different run timings and destinations within the catchment, made the point that stock structures can be complex and require sensitive treatment. The underpinning aspect of stock definition is of course genetics, and that there is some way to go before genetic differentiation between populations within a river's stock will be extensively available.
If there was a simple message for the fishery manager, dealing with a complex issue, it was "If you think you have a problem with your river's salmon stock, pause and think hard before you take action". The 'thinking' requires knowledge of the stock, an understanding of the perceived problem, evaluation of available options and a clear statement of desired outcomes. That considered approach should encourage managers to make the right decision.
I feel the conference did much to clear the air. It certainly seemed to erode a few prejudices! Speaking for myself, it also cleared my head on a few issues!
Tony Andrews
AST 1 December 2013
added: 19th Oct 2013
posted by: Atlantic Salmon Trust
Scottish east coast Salmon and the Usan Mixed Stocks Fishery
A mixed stocks fishery confirmed
Marine Scotland's South Esk Tracking Project is designed to find out where the River's...
early running salmon go within the South Esk catchment to breed. Following identification of spawning and juvenile habitats locations it is hoped that an assessment of the physical condition of the river in those places will lead to targeted improvements. To some extent at the end of year 2 (of 3) we can say that objective is being met, although sample numbers are very low.
It is no surprise to learn from the MS tracking project that Usan nets are killing spring salmon from many, if not all east coast rivers. With proof that the Spey is also impacted by the activities of the Montrose-based nets it is now established that the Rivers Spey, Don, Dee, North Esk, South Esk and Tay are affected. It is not unreasonable to assume that the Earn, Deveron, Ythan, Uigie and Findhorn may also be included in the list, not to mention the smaller rivers – The Rivers in Between - such as rivers Bervie, Cowie, Lunan, Eden, about which I wrote recently.
All Scotland's east coast rivers are affected.
In other words, all the main North East salmon rivers – the jewels in the crown of Scottish wild spring salmon – are being impacted by the activities of one small operation near Montrose. That is a high price to pay for the part-time jobs of a small family business. It is not fanciful to claim that Usan Fisheries Ltd is holding the survival our national reserve of these iconic spring fish to ransom, apparently supported by our government. Why?
Disagreement on the 'natural capital' value of wild salmon.
Conflict between conservation & mixed stocks exploitation.
There has been a lot of talk over the years about the effects of exploitation of both Atlantic salmon and sea trout by the coastal nets sited South of Montrose. Quite a lot of what has been said has been speculative and sometimes exaggerated, but no-one can deny that feelings on the subject have been running high on both sides of the debate. An early casualty of emotional arguments is truth, and the Usan nets issue is no exception.
It is unfortunate that during their fishing season the nets have first opportunity to kill incoming salmon and sea trout migrations. Imagine a situation where nets and rods had equal and simultaneous access to the fish. In that scenario there's not much doubt that agreement would have been reached long ago on how to share the 'harvest'. Sadly it doesn't work like that.
Every returning adult salmon is a survivor
After their long migration salmon arrive off the Scottish east coast. Swimming close to the shore, many become enmeshed in carefully sited coastal nets. These fish, so close to their destination, are survivors of about 95% marine mortality between their departure as smolts from fresh water to their return as adult fish. All netted fish are of course killed as they are brought into the boat. Those that avoid the nets might then enter their river of choice. Alternatively they might move on up or down the coast; or, especially if river levels are low and there is only a weak chemical signal inviting them into fresh water, they may just hang around close to estuaries, remaining vulnerable repeatedly to being netted.
Before any fish can enter the river, they therefore have to run the gauntlet at least once as they either caught in the nets, or bypass them. All this happens before a single angler has seen, let alone caught, even one fish.
Perceptions among fishery managers and anglers are that the high-value visiting angler only gets to fish for what the nets have failed to catch. It is the resulting sense of unfairness – crumbs from the laird's table as it were - among anglers that fuels the argument between netting and fishery management. Isn't it an irony that those who defend the rights of the netsmen often do so on the grounds of wealth and class? That over-used argument tells us that salmon anglers are wealthy leisure seekers – while the owners of netting interests feast sumptuously off profits from killing survivors of returning migrations of salmon.
The modern angler is more environmentally sensitive than their predecessors were even ten years ago. During the main part of the season they are left to fish for what is left behind by the nets. Moreover, the number of fish killed has decreased through catch & release (70%+). Meanwhile there has been no move towards quotas or increasing the nets slap times. On the contrary, weekend slap times are routinely ignored, more coastal netting stations are being reopened, more salmon killed and financial incentives and support is offered by the Scottish Government and European Commission to the netsmen.
Who are the beneficiaries?
Local communities?
The local economy?
Who benefits from the nets?
Who benefits from the visiting angler?
Where is the sense in all this?
What is significant in biodiversity terms about 'mixed stocks' exploitation?
Salmon, and perhaps to a lesser extent sea trout, tend to be 'loyal' to their rivers of birth. I say "tend" only because there are many examples of salmon straying. How else could salmon in the River Mersey have re-colonised a river that was to all intents and purposes dead as a result of industrial pollution? There are also many examples of 'hatchery stocking' using ova or fry from other rivers, or of fish 'going up the wrong river', or changing their minds having entered one river only to go to another one to spawn.
The 'core stock' of a river, with its unique DNA signature(s) is pretty robust, having withstood challenges from straying salmon with different genetic make-ups for millennia. Unless the core stock is swamped, as has happened in rivers where farmed salmon in unprecedented numbers have interbred with the wild fish stock, the genetic integrity of the salmon 'belonging' to a river is likely to survive. Intermittent hatchery stocking or salmon straying naturally from other rivers are unlikely to damage the core stock. On the contrary, they may even strengthen it, in much the same way as antibodies strengthen resistance to disease. Of course there are other examples, especially in USA and Canada, where huge dams have eradicated the stock, and the genetic signature of that river is gone forever. That is a tragedy because those genetics have evolved over centuries in response to the physical, geological, chemical and biological characteristics of the river. We must therefore make every effort to preserve the signature DNA of all our rivers where irreparable damage hasn't already been done.
We should recognise the value of natural biodiversity as the fruit of evolution in the context of every ecosystem. Therefore we shouldn't be misled into thinking that the tendency of wild Atlantic salmon to stray to other rivers conflicts with the genetic predisposition of nearly every fish of a particular river to return to its home waters to breed. Nothing is so jet black or marble white in the natural world. That genetic preference is part of the DNA makeup of wild Atlantic salmon. In situations, such as the South Esk, where populations of fish within the overall stock of the river can we think be distinguished from each other by their genetic differences, together they define the structure of the river's stock that has evolved since the last ice age. Scientists and managers are continuing to fill in the detail of genetic attribution maps.
As things stand there is a varied picture of genetic description of stocks and their populations in the NE Atlantic bioregion, ranging from tributary-specific attributions to broad-brush regional ones. Over time, like the detail of a landscape painting being added after the structure of the painting's composition, the detail will describe with some accuracy which genetic groups of fish belong to which rivers. It is work in progress.
The impossibility of effective fishery management.
Growing awareness of the importance of gene types should persuade us to take special care of rivers where we suspect that some populations, or even the whole stock, may be in a fragile condition. Fishery managers try to use the precautionary principle as a safety net to justify making timely interventions to protect threatened groups of fish. Unfortunately it is not possible to protect any population in any Scottish east coast river while mixed stocks coastal netting as practised by Usan Fisheries continues. The existence of an interceptive fishery that kills salmon indiscriminately from six identified rivers, and almost certainly many others, prevents effective management taking place in any of them.
What does the term "sustainable" mean in this context? It is a situation apparently summarised by the politically motivated thought, "the rod fishery will have to be managed with the Usan fishery continuing its lethal exploitation of unknown stocks". In fact it is impossible for fishery managers to take effective decisions to protect stocks while that mixed stocks fishery exists. You would have thought that, while genetic mapping continues to fill in the detail of populations attributable to rivers, at least a pause would be called on killing fish from stocks where there is a degree of concern that some populations may be fragile (or in technical parlance, 'below conservation levels'). That pause should include both rods and nets i.e. no killing at all. If Catch and Release is shown to be politically unacceptable in terms of perceived equity and fairness, then both fisheries - rods and nets - should be closed. After all, the priority is to conserve the fish, not the people that exploit them!
added: 22nd Sep 2013
posted by: Atlantic Salmon Trust
Scottish Rivers regularly in the news such as the Tay, Dee and North and South Esks, of which all except the North Esk are EU designated Special Areas of Conservation(SACs), may draw attention away...
from little east-flowing rivers such as the Lunan, Cowie and Bervie, which have unique catchments and their own estuaries into the North Sea. It is easy to forget them. This blog is about the River Bervie and the problem it currently has with a naturally recurring impassable barrier to salmon and sea trout as it enters the North Sea. To see the photos referred to in this report please visit the bulletin blog for 22/9/2013 at www.finavoncastlefishing.co.uk.
You may wonder what the problems of the River Bervie have to do with FCW and the South Esk. If you are having such a thought, do read on!
The River Bervie.
The Bervie rises in the foothills of the Grampian Mountains and flows for about 20 miles through upland farms and forestry before entering the agricultural land of the Mearns and flowing into the North Sea at Inverbervie. While the catchment is quite small, at about 85 square miles, the river is prone to big flood events from the high ground of the Eastern Grampians, as are neighbouring rivers such as the North Esk, the Cowie and (on the other side of the catchment watershed) the River Feugh, a tributary of the Aberdeenshire Dee.
The Bervie estuary is located between Stonehaven and Montrose, and its neighbouring major rivers are the North Esk to the south and the Aberdeenshire Dee to the north. The Bervie has populations of Atlantic salmon, sea trout and indigenous brown trout. The river is fished regularly by local angling clubs. Recently the Esks Rivers and Fisheries Trust, which is responsible for habitat management of the Bervie, mounted a successful programme to eradicate a serious invasion of Japanese knotweed from the banks of the middle river.
Photo: General view of the River Bervie estuary ,showing the shingle bar that denies access of salmon and sea trout to the river.
Yesterday, prompted by an e-mail from a concerned angler, I visited the estuary of the River Bervie in Inverbervie. The photos in this bulletin show all too clearly the problems of this little Mearns river as it enters the sea.
I have fished the Bervie for wild trout for many years, so I can vouch for the excellent habitat the river provides for migratory and indigenous wild salmonids at all stages of their freshwater growth. It is a gem of a small river!
The photo above shows in detail the problem faced by migrating salmon, grilse and sea trout attempting to access the river. Strong winds and tides have swept huge quantities of heavy shingle (cobbles with an average diameter of 2 to 3") into an extended 'mound' that completely blocks access. The photo was taken at high tide.
I remember seeing salmon redds in the cobble sections of the middle river pools during the winter months. There have been many occasions in summer months when I have caught more than a dozen small wild trout on a dry fly in its pools and riffles. The biggest wild trout I have ever caught in the river weighed less than one pound! The Bervie is a fertile and productive small river with a deceptively steep catchment gradient, and consequent high energy flood events. It is quite a dynamic river.
The photo above shows the lagoon caused by the shingle barrier at high tide preventing the river reaching the sea by percolating through the cobbles of the beach. The water is backed up to create this area of fresh water.
So salmon do get into the river, and the problems of natural estuary obstructions are nothing new. No doubt generations of Bervie salmon have adjusted their run timings to enable them to make use of good levels of freshwater and high tides in the winter, spring and autumn months. In previous years(I don't know why it has not been done this year) bulldozers have moved the shingle aside to allow fish access.
This photo shows how the banked-up shingle of rounded cobbles and large diameter gravel causes a barrier to fish migration. The picture was taken at high tide when river water is unable to reach the sea by percolating through the shingle.
I believe that the issue is not the shingle barrier itself (although it would of course be better if it were routinely removed) but that mixed stocks coastal netting in the districts of the North and South Esks is probably causing potentially serious damage to Bervie salmon and sea trout stocks. It is the combination of that unknown level of exploitation with the effect of the estuarine barrier that should be the cause of concern.
Photo of the sea side of the shingle barrier with an angler spinning at the very point where the river should enter the sea. While I was there I saw a number of grilse and sea trout leaping clear of the water a few feet away from the steep shingle bank.
The photo above is the view upstream from the footbridge at the sea pool of the River Bervie. The river's water has been backed up by the high tide, which prevents the fresh water reaching the sea by seeping through the shingle barrier.
The Marine Scotland South Esk Tracking Project confirmed in 2012 that the coastal nets at Usan, south of Montrose, are killing early running multi sea-winter salmon from a range of rivers, including the Don, Dee, North Esk, South Esk and Tay.
The small east coast rivers, of which the Bervie is one, tend to have summer and autumn runs of salmon and grilse, rather than early running spring salmon. Because the MSS S Esk project focuses on tagging spring salmon (up to 31st May) it is therefore unlikely that any salmon or grilse bound for the Bervie were tagged. However, given the spread of exploitation by the Usan fishery, it is very likely that Bervie fish are killed by the nets later in the season. In a dry year, as 2013 has been, fish arriving off the coast are reluctant or unable to enter rivers affected by low levels of flow and high water temperatures. Fish that hang around in the sea, close to river estuaries, waiting for a summer freshet are exceptionally vulnerable to predation, disease, netting and natural stresses (such as the large amount of energy required for osmo-regulation).
The situation for the Bervie is exacerbated by the naturally occurring blockage of the estuary by beach shingle. The level of risk for the Bervie's salmon stock, caused by the inability of fish to enter the river, at the same time as natural attrition in a dry year and unknown impacts from lethal exploitation by the Usan nets, may threaten the viability of the river to produce sufficient ova to ensure natural sustainability. That surely is a serious issue that needs to be addressed soon? It is not only the South Esk that suffers unknown levels of depredation of its salmon populations. Indeed, some people might with justification argue that it is "the rivers in between" that are most threatened by continuation of mixed stocks netting.
TA 22 September 2013
added: 5th Sep 2013
posted by: Atlantic Salmon Trust
Atlantic Salmon Trust
September 2013 Newsletter
A Busy Autumn Ahead
AST's interest in promoting alternative technologies for salmon farming is a strong theme of our work over the...
next four months. The long and bitter argument over the validity of international research, published by the Royal Society in 2012 on the subject of farm amplified sea lice impacts on wild Atlantic salmon, has now ended. Statements from authors of the RSE paper remove the last vestiges of doubt by pointing out that the data are facts and, while others may hold different opinions, there is no room for argument as far as the integrity of conclusions of the research is concerned. AST can therefore move forward with its work to find effective methods of establishing a biological firewall between the wild fish and the salmon aquaculture generated parasite, Lepeoptheirus salmonis.
Modern Approaches to Salmon Farming
AST's Research Director, Ken Whelan, is currently attending a summit meeting in West Virginia organised by the Freshwater Institute and Atlantic Salmon Federation. The purpose of the meeting is to update participants on technologies and business models for land-based salmon grow-out using freshwater recirculation systems (RAS). With at least one salmon farming company operating a fully commercial model in Canada, and other companies in Europe and elsewhere close to establishing commercial production units, it appears that there is literally a 'sea change' going on in the salmon aquaculture world. There is inevitability in the development of these new methods in the context of global agreements to protect biodiversity and a desire by forward-thinking leaders in the industry to modernise practices and protect the environment and wildlife. It will be interesting to have Ken's update on his return from USA, which will be reported in our next Newsletter.
Stocking, stock Assessment and Restoration.
A planning meeting with the Institute of Fishery Management (IFM) this month will take forward our joint commitment to developing a toolkit for managers on stock assessment. The outcome will be a manual guide for managers and others with an interest in monitoring stocks of wild salmon and sea trout.
This initiative ties in closely with the EU funded (IBIS) and AST conference (November 26 in Glasgow) on stocking, which has already raised much interest with scientists and groups involved in management of freshwater catchments.
Also in September, Ivor Llewelyn, AST's director in England and Wales, will attend a workshop on "What Works and What Doesn't" in St Andrews New Brunswick, Canada. The purpose of this international meeting is to pool knowledge and experience on restoration strategies for rivers with depleted habitats and stocks of wild Atlantic salmon. AST's own experience in this subject area is of course extensive and well presented in the 2009 Restoration Guidance For West Coast Salmon and Sea Trout Fisheries.
AST at October meeting of EU Pelagic RAC
Ken Whelan and Tony Andrews will be in The Hague in October to discuss with pelagic fishermen our concerns about possible accidental damage to outgoing migrations of salmon smolts. We have been given a warm welcome by the group who share our interest in measuring and understanding changes in the pelagic environment of the Atlantic Ocean. Our objective is to obtain data on pelagic catches to establish if there is a real threat and, if we find that a threat does exist in the form of damage to salmon stocks from accidental by-catch, to discuss methods of mitigation. It is early days in the discussion but we are much reassured by the willingness of European commercial fishermen to engage with us. Our next Newsletter will report on our discussion.
As AST develops its approaches to understanding the lives of salmon at sea, Ken Whelan will also attend the Smart Ocean Forum in Belfast which deals with the main issues affecting changes in the marine environment.
Trans Atlantic Partnership
AST's relationship with the Atlantic Salmon Federation is important in the context of our post-SALSEA interest in extending knowledge of marine habitats, impacts of climate change and indications of variable abundance of other pelagic species. Following Ken Whelan's and Ivor Llewelyn's attendance at international events in West Virginia and New Brunswick, Tony Andrews will be at ASF's AGM in New York in November to catch up with aspects of the Federation's work, especially tracking salmon at sea and their efforts to persuade governments to insist on better practices in the salmon aquaculture industry. There will be a short account of the meetings in our next Newsletter.
Spreading the word and fund-raising
Also in November Ken Whelan will give a presentation at the Royal Society of Edinburgh on the lives of salmon at sea after which the Stocking conference takes place in Glasgow. Tony Andrews will be in Dumfriesshire to talk to ghillies and fishery managers and on 20 November there will bea gala dinner at Fishmongers' Hall in London to raise funds for AST's ambitious five-year programme of research and education projects.
Catchments, Small Streams, Sea Trout & Communities
Last year's Small Streams Workshop in Ireland was an outcome of the Sea Trout Symposium in Bangor three years ago. The role of (very) small streams in a river's catchment was highlighted at the workshop, especially their importance as reservoirs of biodiversity for the whole catchment and the spawning facilities they provide for trout. The issue of anadromy – why do some trout choose to go to sea and others don't? – is intricately tied up with the quality of habitats and availability of food. That question about anadromy is another challenge arising from the Bangor Symposium. Simply put, if we are going to manage sea trout stocks effectively, we have to understand the life strategies of Salmo trutta L much better than we do at present.
Strangford Lough in October.
Ken Whelan and Tony Andrews will be in Ireland in October talking with trusts and active volunteer groups about ways of mobilising local volunteers as Citizen Scientists to help focus management actions on streams that in the past may have been neglected. Of course, any group of volunteers will require some guidance from biologists and experienced managers. There are, however, some obvious 'hits' that can be achieved by volunteer groups, such as dealing with invasive plants (e.g. Himalayan balsam). Ken and Tony will be discussing with Irish counterparts how such groups can best be used and whether a manual for volunteer groups would be useful to fishery managers and land owners.
An Essential Resource for Researchers, Scientists, Teachers & the Public
The AST website is fast developing into a major resource for anyone needing information on the whole lives of wild salmon and sea trout. While AST is not a lobbying organisation, as for example our partners, the Angling Trust or Salmon & Trout Association are, we do have a remit to raise public awareness on issues connected with the survival of our two iconic species of wild salmonids. Our website is our 'shop window' and archive rolled into one.
We are currently raising money to put all AST journals, Progress Reports and occasional papers into a library which will be linked to the Freshwater Biological Association's (FBA) website managed from their headquarters in Windermere.
We are also developing the education section of the website into a teachers' and learners' resource. There is already a simple mobile graphic of the life of the Atlantic salmon. The existing Learning Zone will be developed further to make it more interactive and interesting to the young learner, but in fact to learners of all ages. We will keep you updated on progress.
Lost at Sea – a film
While on the subject of raising public awareness, AST is currently involved in the production of a new film on Atlantic salmon which addresses the issue of poor marine survival. Do visit the website to learn more about this innovative film.
If you want to get involved in the AST's work you can do so by becoming an AST Friend. Please call Marjorie on 01738 472 032 to find out more.
Tony Andrews
September 2013
added: 25th Aug 2013
posted by: Atlantic Salmon Trust
Who do you trust? World class science? Callender McDowell, the organ grinder for salmon farming, or the SSPO, the body that represents the Norwegian / Czeck / Bulgarian salmon...
farming industry that uses Scotland's west coast waters to conduct its business, and kills its wild salmon and sea trout?
I have published this post as a news item as well as a blog on the AST website on the grounds that the three bits of news from last week (see below) are highly relevant to AST's objectives, and as such deserve comment.
Charles Clover's leader in today's Sunday Times (25 August 2013) is a reminder that peer-reviewed scientific data are not seen as facts by everyone. Clover gives the example of the Scottish Salmon Producers' Organisation's (SSPO) "slavish attempt to ingratiate itself with the ruling Scottish National Party, expressed by its chairman, Phil Thomas, as 'Scottish food, Scottish jobs, Scottish communities, Scottish economy, Scottish salmon'". Clover comments further, "it is hard to say who looks after the traditional public goods of Scotland: the landscapes, the marine life and the wild fish". Indeed Mr Clover, you are right.
Another example of scientific data denial is the interminable and often wildly inaccurate statements of Dr Martin Jaffa, the publicist for the pro salmon farming company, Callander McDowell. Dr Jaffa's most recent post is published on the Callender McDowell website under the title ReLAKS.
Finally, in his leader today, Charles Clover brings us right up to date by pointing out the erroneous criticisms by Dr Jackson of the Irish Marine Institute of the peer-reviewed research data published by the Royal Society in 2012. He writes, "The SSPO has been silent since last week, when a peer-reviewed journal published a paper by the original group of scientists (who wrote the Royal Society paper) rubbishing Jackson's methodology and correcting his conclusions"
The robust response of St Andrews University in standing firmly behind the scientific conclusions of the original Royal Society article poses the question, 'whose evidence do you trust; the data offered by the world class Institute of Ocean Sciences at St Andrews University, or the statement by the industry propagandist, SSPO? In my view there is no context. But then I am biased because St Andrews is my Alma Mater!
Perhaps optimistically Charles Clover then states "the scientific debate may have a way to go but the findings look certain to alter the development of the industry", and later in the same paragraph, "In Scotland landowners may have the ammunition to force fish farms away from the mouths of wild salmon and sea trout rivers. Worldwide investors have been given notice that the future lies not in sea cages, but in close containment systems that separate farmed fish from the environment". My only contention with Mr Clover is that it is not only 'landowners' who will benefit from a resurgence of wild salmon and sea trout on the Scottish west coast. You only have to visit Sutherland's Scourie Hotel or the Loch Maree Hotel to see what has been lost to highland local communities.
Charles Clover's article comes at the end of the week in which the Natural Capital Forum announced its "Revolution in how businesses and governments account for natural capital". There will be a conference in Edinburgh on 21 & 22 November 2013 to discuss the objectives of the Forum. The conference takes forward the 2012 UN Earth Summit, an aim of which is that "by 2020, at the latest, biodiversity values have been integrated into national and local development and poverty reduction strategies and planning processes and are being incorporated into national accounting, as appropriate, and reporting systems".
Also last week Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) announced the designation of six indicator species designed to act as 'canaries' for the coastal environment as it is affected by climate change. SNH's remit is of course the Scottish environment, which omits migratory species that spend parts of their lives elsewhere. While Ospreys, Painted Lady butterflies and basking sharks are migratory visitors to Scotland, the Atlantic salmon and the eel are special as freshwater/coastal/oceanic indicator species. I am reminded of the campfire song that goes something like .."the hip bone is connected with the thigh bone, the thigh bone with the knee bone, the knee bone with the shin bone" etc.
The reality we face is that, in the face of huge changes in the earth's climate, we need to think bio-regionally, outside national borders. Now is the time for ecologists, meteorologists and climate change monitors to work across the disciplines. Fisheries scientists, biologists, managers and the public need the big picture to make the right decision on the ground or river bank.
TA 25 Aug 2013
added: 19th Aug 2013
posted by: Atlantic Salmon Trust
What is the future of salmon farming?
Here is some updated thinking on the subject of this currently unsustainable industry.
[b]AST's long term vision for salmon farming is that it exists...
in parallel with wild salmonids, without causing them harm or damaging their freshwater and marine habitats. For that to happen there will have to be new methods and technologies designed for each type of location. AST accepts that there is unlikely to be a simple, one-coat-fits-all solution to the problems caused by the current prototype regime of open-mesh cages in fragile inshore locations.[/b]
AST argues that the industry needs to move away from such systems towards a more sophisticated and sustainable range of technologies and methods, among which are Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS). Read on......
Aqua Nor 2013:The Benefits of Using RAS Systems
15 August 2013
NORWAY - Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) are used all around the world for the production of many fish species in a more efficient controlled environment, writes Lucy Towers, TheFishSite Editor, from Aqua Nor 2013, in Trondheim, Norway.
RAS farming is an excellent use of technolgy to manage water quality and fish welfare more effectively, said Jacob Bregnballe, Akva Group, whilst giving his keynote presentation on RAS in Europe at Aqua Nor 2013. Using RAS gives farmers more control over the system and its environment.
The control of effluents and waste is much easier in RAS as the farmer has less waste going out. The ability to have more control over the quality of the water also helps to producer healthier fish in a good welfare environment.
The recirculating aquaculture system itself is broke down into several components. The mechanical filtration cleans feaces from the water which are bigger than 40-50 microns, preparing it for the biofilter.
The degaser then strips the water of CO2 which is very important to the health and welfare of the fish as it allows for optimal growth and feed conversion rates.
After oxygen has been injected to enhance the O2 availability, the pumps come into use.
Pumps can be custom designed to suit the system, therefore reducing costs and improving efficiency.
Overall, energy costs are quite good in RAS. They are about the same as in flow-through systems yet they offer the extra control.
Another advantage of using RAS is that the whole system can be monitored and controlled from a mobile, laptop or tablet device. It also allows for conditions to be tracked and recorded over time.
RAS systems are also a more sustainable form of fish farming as they use a huge 99.4 per cent less water than other farming methods.
Also speaking about RAS, Frode Mathiesen from Grieg Seafood, said that he expects a seven per cent growth in RAS each year.
Offering excellent control and a more sustainable way of farming, it is no suprise that the popularity and use of RAS is growing all over the world. However, Mr noted that he would like to see more research into fish welfare and CO2 in RAS.
- See more at: http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/21023/aqua-nor-2013-the-benefits-of-using-ras-systems?sthash.9Vixnbxh
The most advanced UK company promoting RAS but yet to start production is FishFrom, based in Scotland.
Tony Andrews
August 2013


text:
The project seeks to train children and youth from 3 of the most violent districts in the city of Medellin, to be responsible citizens, peaceful and to have the abilities required to become agents of change in their communities. The process uses art and other cultural manifestations as the main training tools. It is about having fun and learning by doing.
What is the issue, problem, or challenge?
The challenge is to promote education for coexistence and peace, in which cooperation, solidarity and respect are a must. The community has suffered repeatedly through patterns of violence for more than 30 years. Through this project children and young people will learn to create different solutions, answers and alternatives to violence, mockery, bullying and aggression. Given these circumstances the challenge is to educate for peace using art as a transformation tool.
How will this project solve this problem?
Integrating the education for peace workshops into the programs of the most representative schools of the affected districts and by training young leaders of grassroots organizations in the project area we are contributing to reduce violence and empowering children and youth to write a different story, a story of peace. The artistic products generated by the participants will be a tool to make the issue visible and share it with other communities that are experiencing similar situations.
Potential Long Term Impact
The project is educating 2.500 children and 15 grassroots organizations of youth allowing them to strengthen their skills as peace builders to be responsible people and to contribute to the construction of an inclusive and more peaceful society. The participants will be the protagonists of the transformation from a violent and painful story to a peaceful and inclusive new start. This transformation is important and urgently needed to finalize with the vicious cycle of war.
Funding Information
Total Funding Received to Date: $22,874
Remaining Goal to be Funded: $7,126
Total Funding Goal: $30,000


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West Virginians would not tolerate it if a government official stood beside their family doctors and overruled physicians' recommendations for care of our children. But much the same thing happens regarding state-mandated vaccinations for school students.
Students' parents can be required to have their children vaccinated against certain diseases as a condition of school attendance, which is mandatory in West Virginia. As the law stands now, a county health department can order such vaccinations even if a child's doctor says that could affect a child's health adversely.
That may sound incredible, but it is state law.
Many people advocate the vaccination law as a means of safeguarding children from the spread of certain diseases in schools. Most doctors seem to agree with that.
But occasionally, physicians are aware of certain conditions that may make it risky for a few of their patients to have some vaccines. Often, allergies are to blame.
Again, as matters stand, the doctor's orders can be overruled by local health departments.
That is simply crazy.
A bill in the Legislature would allow for children to be exempted from the mandatory vaccination rule if their doctors certify the patients' health could be harmed. Incredibly, the bill, introduced by Del. Ryan Ferns, D-Ohio, is being blocked.
This is more than a matter of individual liberties. It is one of protecting children. Ferns' bill should be enacted.


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Travel Itinerary for Solos
Also have a squiz at our other travel itineraries for Darwin.
Doing Darwin Solo
Named by Lonely Planet as one of the 10 'must see' places in the world for 2012, Darwin is loaded with unique Top End experiences and attractions. They include pumping nightlife, fantastic markets, a burgeoning foodie scene, Aboriginal culture, and wilderness that will take your breath away.
Here are the must-do things that just have to go on your bucket list for Darwin.
No. 1: Kakadu National Park
Nothing can prepare you for the awesomeness of this vast and spectacular wilderness, which has been home to humans for over 50,000 years – longer than anywhere else in the world. It is one of only a handful of places on the planet that's World Heritage Listed for both its natural value and its cultural significance. Be prepared for your eyes to pop and the hairs on the back of your neck to stand up when you see the prehistoric rock art, the escarpments, the wetlands, the wildlife, and all the other wonders of Kakadu. Either drive yourself or take a tour from Darwin. You can do it in one day but more is better.
No. 2: Get up Close to a Crocodile
Darwin has many places to smile at a crocodile. But we dare you to enter the world's one and only Cage of Death at Crocasaurus Cove for a once-in-a-lifetime underwater encounter with massive saltwater crocs. Imagine the photos you can stick on Facebook. And this amazing wildlife park is just a 1.5km walk up the road from Vibe Hotel Darwin Waterfront!
No. 3: Boat or Canoe up Katherine Gorge
In a word: WOW. Lots to see and enjoy as you make your way through the 12 gorges that make up this spectacular wonderland. Swim, rock climb, explore, and play spot the freshwater crocodile! Don't panic – these little guys have better manners than their much larger and hungrier saltie cousins.
No. 4 Explore Darwin's Beautiful Waterfront
The locals are hugely proud of this newly developed precinct, and understandably so. It's just gorgeous, and there are several unique and cool things to do, including:
- The Wave Lagoon & the Recreation Lagoon. Both are top spots for a dip and a play
- Deckchair Cinema for the most chilled movie experience you'll find
- Stokes Hill Wharf for succulent seafood
- Mitchell Street pubs and clubs – a perfect place to eat, drink and play at the end of a busy day exploring.
All this is waiting for you just outside your Vibe Hotel. How good is that?


text: It's a bird! It's a plane!Nope. It's an armadillo with airplane wings, drawn by local artist Lucy Engelman.In the northern burbs of Chicago, the recent University of Michigan grad spins fantasies into fanciful works of art for Edible, Redmoon Theater, and beyond. Noneditorial work includes watercolor and pen-drawn prints for your home.A childhood filled with adventures to farms, national parks, and nature preserves instilled in her a deep love of all things outdoors.Her Hybrid Animal series includes work from her senior thesis: doggie steam engines, buffalo telephone poles, sheep adorned with parachutes.Engelman's latest collection, Bird-Tree-Flower (pictured), pays homage to each state's identity (she's through C and counting).She does custom work, too (think wedding invites).There's a reason we're drawn to her.Available online at etsy.com, $4-$80. To see styles, go to lucyengelman.com. Illustration: Lucy Engelman