text:
We loved this deal too, but it's no longer available. Check out our other cool deals here.
Awakened Healing
$49 for a 30-Minute Massage & 30-Minute Facial incl. a $10 Voucher Towards your Next Visit (value $100)
1 of your friends
already grabbed this deal:
Discuss this DealStart the discussion
- Unwind and power on.
- Grab a 30 minute facial and a 30 minute massage for $49 from Awakened Healing.
- Relax with Dana who has extensive experience in massage and beauty therapy and has also practiced overseas.
During this time of year it is easy to feel like one of those little wind up toys that slowly come to a halt. With this deal you are encouraged to unwind but in a different way. Get your extra charge with a session of pampering to keep you powering through the silly season.
Grab a 30 minute facial and a 30 minute massage for $49 from Awakened Healing.
Dana Preston is a licensed massage therapist who will look after your relaxation session. She has massage and beauty therapy experience from as far away as Costa Rica and Alaska. Now based in New Zealand, she enjoys delivering great results to all her happy local clients. Practicing an integrative philosophy that blends deep tissue with relaxation massage, at Awakened Healing it is their belief that the power that made the body has the power to heal the body. Put down the heavy shopping bags and head to Awakened Healing to unwind and relax.
Awakened Healing
Opening Hours
Katikati: Monday - Wednesday 9.00am - 6.00pm
Papamoa: Tuesday, Thursday, Friday 9.00am - 6.00pm
ConditionsValid from Dec 10, 2012
Expires Feb 10, 2013
Limit: 2 for you and 2 gifts for others
bookings essential, sub to availability, Excluding days Dec 22-Jan 6. Weekend appointments available. Must be used in 1 visit.
See the rules that apply to all deals


text:
"The great challenge before us is to address the constraints that exclude people from full participation in the financial sector."
- Kofi Annan, former Secretary General of the United Nations
Paladin Connect is a non-profit organization dedicated to connecting microfinance institutions to leading law firms. Paladin Connect's participating law firms offer expertise in capital markets transactions, mergers, charter transformations, corporate governance, regulatory, and other international business law issues affecting microfinance institutions. By connecting microfinance institutions with leading law firms, which offer their services on a pro bono basis, Paladin Connect ensures that microfinance organizations can continue to grow, expand, and flourish. Allow our professionals to connect you with law firms providing dedicated legal support to microfinance institutions and receive the specific legal services you need.
The World Bank reports that nearly half of the world's population lives on less than two dollars a day. These three billion individuals lack access to traditional financial services offered by commercial banks, such as deposit and savings accounts, insurance products, and related financial tools, in part because they are viewed as not being creditworthy and they own assets, such as livestock, that are not suitable to serve as collateral for a loan. With few opportunities to save earnings or to leverage assets, individuals face significant challenges in moving out of poverty.
Microfinance provides a solution to this problem by offering retail banking services to the poor. Through the extension of small loans, individuals have the opportunity to start small businesses, such as developing products or services to sell in local community markets, engaging in small-scale agriculture and livestock husbandry, and even establishing schools and buying property.
A broad range of institutions offer microfinance services, including non-governmental organizations, credit unions, trust banks, and traditional banks. The World Bank estimates that there are over 7,000 microfinance institutions operating globally, and industry experts note that despite this seemingly large number, less than one in ten poor people are served by microfinance institutions.
The microfinance institutions that utilize Paladin Connect operate on a variety of business models, but all serve the same general objective – the reduction of poverty. Impact studies on the effect of microfinance indicate that the provision of financial services to poor people result in an array of benefits, such as the ability to meet basic household needs, to obtain more nutritious food, to access safe drinking water, to achieve lower incidence of illness, and to increase educational opportunities for children. Perhaps most importantly, microfinance transforms lives by lifting poor people out of their daily struggle for survival to planning for the future.
Contact us today to connect with law firms devoted to the needs of microfinance institutions.
© All rights reserved. Paladin Connect. 2009.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
THE WORK OF MARY haas has a special fascination for me, since she finished her doctoral dissertation on Tunica, an American Indian language, in 1935, the same year that I started my studies of linguistics (with the Summer Institute of Linguistics) and went to Mexico to study an Indian language (Mixtec). This was the explosive age of descriptive linguistics, which we shared and which was especially focused on American Indian languages. She studied with Sapir and some of the other leaders, as I did (I got my clue to the analysis of tone from Sapir at one of the early summer sessions of the Linguistic Society of America at the University of Michigan).
Haas's first article (on Nitinat spoken on Vancouver Island) was published in 1932 jointly with Morris Swadesh, her husband from 1931 to 1937, whose articles on phonemics in 1934 and 1937 were useful to me, supplementing work by Leonard Bloomfield and Edward Sapir. Haas's early concentration was on the description of American Indian languages of North America; later she and other descriptive linguists shifted their attention to the east during the war to help the U.S. Armed Forces understand languages that had not been well known to Americans.
I asked Paulette Hopple, who worked in Thailand for many years with the Summer Institute of Linguistics, for a comment on Haas. She replied, "I first met Mary Haas in 1979 at the Sino-Tibetan Conference in Paris, where we discussed numeral classifier systems in Mayan, Thai, and Burmese. Although delighted and awed by her knowledge and experience in linguistics, what intrigued me about Mary was her personal approachability and humility. She communicated personal interest, compassion, a gentle sense of humor, including an ability to laugh [at difficult] circumstances."
Haas was born in Richmond, Indiana, graduated there from high school and college, did graduate work (1930-31) in Chicago on comparative philology, and did her Ph.D. in linguistics (1931-35) on the American Indian language Tunica at Yale. After that, she carried on various research tasks on American Indian languages under the anthropology department at Yale and the American Philosophical Society, 1935-41; on Thai, 1941-45, under the American Council of Learned Societies; and research in connection with her appointments at the University of California, Berkeley, 1946-53. Along with her research, she had various regular university appointments at Berkeley: lecturer in Siamese (Thai) for an Army training program, 1943-44; lecturer in Siamese and linguistics, 1947-53; associate professor, 1953-57; professor, 1957-77; acting chairman of linguistics, 1956-57; and chairman, 1958-64. She had numerous short-term (e.g., summer or one-semester) appointments for lectures in anthropology, Thai, or linguistics in various places in the United States and Canada. She received honorary doctorates from Northwestern University (1975), University of Chicago (1976), Earlham College, Richmond, Indiana (1980), and Ohio State University (1980). She was a member of various professional societies, including the National Academy of Sciences (1978). In addition, she was vice-president of the Linguistic Society of America in 1956 and president in 1963.
Because of my own interest in phonology for the years 1935-50, I will start by discussing a few of the phonological issues that Haas faced in studying the North American language Tunica (an "isolate" with historical relationships not clear). The consonants of Tunica (Haas 1941, pp. 13-14) have one surprise: the voiced stops /b, d, g/ occur "only in a few isolated words (of foreign or probably foreign origin)"; but the voiceless fricatives have no voiced counterparts. Each syllable begins with a consonant, some end with a consonant, some clusters of two consonants come medially in a word, and some consonant clusters may be preceded by /n/. Vowels are normally short, unless in stressed syllables.
In Tunica (1941, pp. 19-20) stressed syllables with their pitch relations are also of interest to me. The first stressed syllable of a phrase may be stronger than the unstressed ones and is often (but not necessarily, and not with semantic implications) a bit higher in pitch. Stressed syllables as a whole, however, enter into various "phrasal pitch contours," or "melodies." In them, a final stressed syllable may be a bit higher than the penultimate one, or the final one may have a falling melody, or it may have a rising one, or a falling-rising one, or may be lower than the preceding syllable. Some monosyllabic prefixes (and some other forms) have special phonological rules (pp. 20-34), which I do not summarize here. The predicative word of a main clause (p. 89) will have high melody if it is indicative, low if quotative, rising if interrogative, and falling if imperative.
With her Tunica (1941) Haas has some morphemic analysis of long words. This is interesting, since there are numerous words with up to six syllables in agglutinative arrangement. For example (p. 52), "The semelfactive paradigm consists of a causative stem plus the semelfactive forms of the causative auxiliary." For example:
For a full text with detailed analysis see pp. 135-43. Unfortunately, in her presentation it is often very difficult for the beginner to see where morphemes in a word or phrase begin or end.
Haas has a discussion of syntax (1941, pp. 89-134) with texts illustrated on pp. 135-43, and in 1950 with extensive texts (with notes giving morphemic analyses). She discusses (1941, pp. 90-91) simple versus compound and complex sentences (with compound ones having two or more main clauses and complex ones having a main clause plus one or more subordinate clauses of dependent, complementary, relative, or adverbial types). The following illustration is a simple sentence with just one clause:
Clauses (pp. 91-93) are of two principle types, main and subordinate. Subordinates are dependent (subordinate only to the main verb), complementary, relative, and adverbial. The dependent clauses have a subordinating postfix on the predicate (details on pp. 91-102; noun classification for gender and number, pp. 102-03; preverbs and postfixes, pp. 114-26; word classes in syntactic uses, pp. 126-34, including exclamatives and imitatives, p.134).
Texts (1950) include myths (solar, thunder, origins of corn or beans); tales (about eagles, owls, submarine people); animal stories; historical or pseudohistorical narratives (revenge, migrations, robberies); personal narratives (about families, or rabbits, or war); ethnological data (about food types, house construction, fire, fever remedies, shooting ghosts); and miscellaneous (one-eyed beings, water animals, woodpeckers, the ocean dried up). These occur in Tunica in English translation with footnote alternative literal translations or comments.
In 1941 Haas started fieldwork in the phonology and syntax of Thai (Siamese) at the University of Michigan because of the need for speakers of Asiatic languages as war developed. She had help in this from the American Council of Learned Societies. (She married one of the speakers of Thai, Heng R. Subhanka; they were divorced some years later.) While doing research on Thai (1942-43), she was concurrently an instructor in oriental languages at the University of Michigan. Moving to the University of California, Berkeley, she lectured on Thai for the Army Specialized Training Program. Her publications on Thai were considerable, for example, Spoken Thai, book I in 1945 and book II in 1948, with Heng R. Subhanka and the Thai-English Student's Dictionary (1964).
In 1958 Haas discussed the tones of four Thai dialects with tone patterns differing in their relation to consonants and to geographical occurrence. Thai itself has high, mid, low, rising, and falling tones (the dialect of Nakhonsit-hammarat has seven tones). Proto-Thai presumably had four tone categories, the first three of which were found only with a syllable having a long vowel, semivowel, or nasal, while the other occurred only with syllables having a final stop; and the initial consonant (voiceless versus voiced) conditioned the development of the different tones. For Thai, note:
Many Thai words are comprised of single syllables. Some samples were given above in the illustration of tones. Many more are given in Haas 1955. Some of these combine to make complex words. For example (p. 264):
Khwaam: the sense, substance (as of a letter), but in special usage often placed in front of a verb to form an abstract noun. May often be translated -ness, ity, -th, -tion, etc. Thus, khwaamklua is "fear."
However (1962, p. 49), "Since Thai is conventionally written without any spaces between words, the English-speaking student has no clue as to which elements form a semantic unit and which do not." As for syntax (1964, p. xx): "The typical sentence contains subject, verb, object, in that order, e.g.,
In 1969 Haas wrote a book on the prehistory of languages in relation to general principles. This includes phonological types of change, morphological reconstruction, problems of classification, and diffusion. Included also are some tables for Wiyot-Yorok-Algonquian-Gulf (p. 62), proto-Muskogean (p.42), Algonkian and Yurok cognates (p. 67), and pre-Muskogean and Tunica (pp. 63-64). As indicated above, Haas treats Tunica as an isolate without strongly provable relations to other languages, but she suggests that Tunica may be related to the pre-proto-Muskogean, based not on detailed lexical evidence, but (pp. 63-64) on some of its partially similar affix features.
In a manual published in 1945 (and reprinted in 1978), Haas and Subhanka wrote that "Prosecution of the war created the need for these materials to teach spoken language." (The material was especially indebted to Henry Lee Smith , Jr., of the Language Section in the Education Branch and liaison with the Intensive Language Program, through J. Milton Cowan.) The sections include basic sentences, new words (and "how to take apart the words and phrases . . . and to make new words and phrases on the same model"), hints on pronunciation, and "a number of new ways of saying things." Part one (in book one) includes "Getting around," "Buying things," "Meeting people," "Family and friends," "What do you do for a living?" and 'Review." "Part two" includes "How do you like the weather?" "Getting a room in a hotel," "Getting dressed," "Let's go eat," "A shopping trip," and "Review." Part three (in Book Two): "On the train," "At the beach," "Let's go to the game," "Making a call," "At the play," and "Review." Part 4: "Getting a passport," "At the university," "Going to the doctor's," "The bank and the post office," "Home and neighbors," and "Review." Part Five: "Geography," "Agriculture," "Industry," "Government," "The country and its people," and "Review." The materials are on phonograph records for practice hearing.
In a more theoretical article Haas (1953) discusses the important relation of linguistics to language teaching. She mentions the work of Boas, Sapir, and Bloomfield, and how the earlier descriptive work is still needed, but it needs approaches to teaching applications (as Bloomfield tried to show). Reading is not enough. Memorization of paradigms is not enough; conversational teaching is needed. For many students beginning the study of a foreign language, these approaches should best precede detailed analytical work. She mentions also some materials of personal interest to me (e.g., the work of Charles C. Fries and the English Language Institute at the University of Michigan, where I worked for a time on the intonation of American English, which she also refers to).
In a short, excellent, and easy-to-understand earlier article (1943), Haas gives instructions to help the beginning student learn any language. The linguist can learn a language quickly (p. 202) by working with "a native speaker, whom he treats not as a teacher but purely as a source of information." But the linguist must also teach the student the techniques of eliciting information, and analyzing and organizing the speaker's data, including appropriate phonetics. And (p. 205) "many of the fundamental features of the [analytical] method were first developed in the study of American Indian languages, which often present unusually difficult phonetic and grammatical systems." The students may either "participate with the linguist in the analysis of the language to be learned" or (p. 206) the linguist analyzes in advance and acts "as a model for imitation," teaching "instead of only guiding."
Haas's students (pp. 206-207) in Thai are "first of all taught to use a phonemic notation" so that "they may concentrate on the pronunciation from the very beginning," and they can use it to "carry on all their work. . . . This practice reflects one of the basic assumptions of our method: SPEAKING MUST COME BEFORE READING." About half of the student's time goes into "more traditional" work with "grammatical discussion, word study, translation of Thai into English and English into Thai," and drill on "troublesome points of grammar." The other half goes into drill "to develop good pronunciation and, later on, the ability to converse in Thai." The drill consists of three kinds: (1) exercises of imitation to train students to imitate exactly "so that they may be understood"; (2) exercises of dictation so that students may write down what they hear, improve perception, and "record new words even before they have learned the traditional native alphabet"; and (3) exercises of recognition and response to "train them to understand and answer what they hear, so that they may gain experience in the actual use of the language as a means of social intercourse."
The dictation exercises are "intended to improve the student's ability to hear, not his ability to spell." And in early stages the informant dictates only words that the class have already studied; then "short sentences containing familiar words"; then "sentences containing new words"; and finally "whole passages with old and new words mingled." Later, the student learns how to correct mistakes "by comparing the troublesome feature of a new word with a similar feature of some word already known." And when the tone of a word is not clearly heard, it is studied by comparing it with a word "whose tone is known to him." He does the same (p. 208) for vowels, aspiration, etc. After the student "has learned several hundred words and has acquired reasonable facility in conversation through the use of the phonemic writing alone, then--but not until then--he begins to learn the traditional system of writing." Haas informs us (p. 208) that her experience tells her that students like to learn a foreign language this way. "It gives them a sense of reality and the assurance that they are actually on the way."
FOR THIS MEMOIR I have drawn heavily on Haas's curriculum vitae provided by the National Academy of Sciences, and I am grateful for a recent obituary by Golla, which includes a Haas bibliography of about 130 items (V. Golla. Mary R. Haas (obituary). Language 73(4):826-37).


text:
The village of Moletolo is 3,23 kilometers far from the same town of Parma to whom it belongs.
To the municipality of Parma also belong the localities of Alberi (6,05 km), Antognano (4,65 km), Baganzola (6,35 km), Baganzolino (5,89 km), Beneceto (6,11 km), Borghetto (6,52 km), Botteghino (6,98 km), Ca' Terzi (8,25 km), Calestani (8,30 km), Carignano (10,52 km), Carpaneto (13,21 km), Cartiera (5,26 km), Casalbaroncolo (10,09 km), Casalora di Ravadese (8,90 km), Casaltone (12,24 km), Case Capelli (8,53 km), Case Cocconi (9,25 km), Case Crostolo (7,09 km), Case Nuove (4,17 km), Case Rosse (5,61 km), Case Vecchie (9,29 km), Casino Dalla Rosa (4,74 km), Castagnola (6,31 km), Castelletto (11,05 km), Castelnovo (7,19 km), Cervara (7,36 km), Chiozzola (7,78 km), Coloreto (6,35 km), Coloreto di San Lazzaro (6,21 km), Corcagnano (9,57 km), Cortile San Martino (-- km), Eia (7,94 km), Fognano (6,25 km), Fontana (-- km), Fontanini (5,88 km), Fraore (7,68 km), Gaione (6,66 km), Ghiaiata Nuova (7,72 km), Ghiaie (8,01 km), Il Moro (10,80 km), La Catena (9,83 km), La Fontana (12,47 km), La Palazzina (9,10 km), La Palzzina (5,65 km), Malandriano (8,37 km), Marano (10,17 km), Marore (4,52 km), Martorano (10,39 km), Molino di Malandriano (7,72 km), Osteria San Martino (6,66 km), Panocchia (14,16 km), Paradigna (5,55 km), Paradigna Case Nuove (6,37 km), Pedrignano (6,34 km), Pilastrello (9,05 km), Pizzolese (8,21 km), Ponte (14,10 km), Ponte Taro (10,88 km), Porporano (5,95 km), Pozzetto Piccolo (7,07 km), Quercioli (12,62 km), Ravadese (7,89 km), Ronco Pascolo (7,61 km), Rosa (7,63 km), San Donato (7,14 km), San Lazzaro Parmense (-- km), San Leonardo (1,19 km), San Pancrazio (6,99 km), San Pancrazio Parmense (-- km), San Prospero (8,30 km), San Prospero Parmense (-- km), San Ruffino (8,48 km), Ugozzolo (4,04 km), Valera (4,98 km), Viarolo (11,57 km), Viazza (8,98 km), Vicofertile (8,32 km), Vicomero (8,35 km), Vicopo' (4,32 km), Vigatto (9,05 km), Vigheffio (6,64 km), Vigolante (7,48 km)
The number in parentheses following each village name indicate the distance between the same village and the municipality of Parma.
Please notice that in what follows no statistic nor population data are available at the moment: the same are available for the Italian places having al least the status of municipalities ad for most of the villages too.
The distribution of the most commun family names is equally unavailable.Please find in what follows:
There are no parishes in Moletolo.
Weather and weather forecast for Parma, to whom Moletolo belongs.
You can arrange the results by number of stars, by popularity, by distance or even by the guest review score choosing among young couples, mature couples, families with young children, families with older children, people withfriends, or solo travellers.
Most recent free ads in Moletolo, municipality of Parma, province of Parma, Emilia-Romagna region, updated at 10:00:11, 25 April 2014.
|Up to now there is no free ad placed in Moletolo
|Most recent free ads in the province of Parma
|vendo terreno in Reno di Tizzano area edificabile
|Most recent free ads in the region Emilia-Romagna
|Educatore cinofilo Bologna, Modena e Cento di Ferrara
Place your free ad on Moletolo: no registration needed.. Place your free ad.
A1...ci Vuol Coraggio A Scrivere Certe Cose
Prosciutti Di Parma
Toszcan Valuta....
La Parma Voladora
Jack Daniel's
Baracche Lungo La Ferrovia
Mc Donald's Parma
Centro Torri - Parma/italia
Http://www.ocme.it - Ocme -filling
Look at the interactive map of Moletolo and get the road maps, the satellite maps and the mixed ones too.
Interactive maps of Moletolo also allow an immediate view of:
Just click on any of the categories above to see them located on the map.
The free text search box input field at the bottom of the map allows you to search any kind of business activities within the map itself.
A selection of videos about Moletolo, Parma, Parma, Emilia-Romagna


text:
Along River Ridge Bed And BreakfastCalgary, Alberta Bed & BreakfastsExperience a "Touch of Country in the City" on the beautifull banks of the Bow River. A restfull "all seasons" retreat, a romantic hideaway, a quiet and quaint get away. Come, Relax and discover a cozy, comfortable & unique 4 star
B & B adventure ... US $75 Per Night
No More B&BCalgary, Alberta Bed & BreakfastsB&B with hot tub and spa services. Close to downtown, TV/VCR in room, guest lounges, fireplace. Gourmet breakfast served the time you request. The Queen size beds are the best on the market Walking distance to restaurants & shopping....
Best Western Siding 29 LodgeCalgary, Alberta Hotels & ResortsWe are conveniently located in the heart of the Canadian Rockies in beautiful Banff, Alberta. Our Banff hotel is just off Banff Avenue and is within walking distance of downtown. The friendly and helpful staff at Best Western Siding 29 Lodge will be ... C$ 99 Per Night
High Country InnCalgary, Alberta Hotels & ResortsLocated in the beautiful mountain town of Banff, sitting alongside the majestic Rocky Mountains is the High Country Inn, your home away from home while you are exploring the Canadian Rockies! ... C$ 99 Per Night
Beaverlodge Motor InnCalgary, Alberta Hotels & Resorts...
Bonnyville Neighbourhood InnCalgary, Alberta Hotels & Resorts...
Warner Guiding & OutfittingCalgary, Alberta Horseback RidingStep back in time on a pack trip deep into the Rocky Mountains. Overnight in remote camps, reconnect in pristine wilderness, and indulge withluscious home-cooked meals. Pack trips available for 2- 6 days!...Starting at C$ 512 Per Trip
Personalized Tours To EgyptCalgary, Alberta Sight-Seeing ToursWith our help, you can enjoy a trip experiencing the best Egypt has to offer. From the marvelously Mediterranean Alexandria, Giza and its world-renown Pyramids, to an insanely busy Cairo. Your trip wouldn't be complete without a visit to beautiful As... US $40 Per Night
A-calgary Limousine ServiceCalgary, Alberta Sight-Seeing ToursFull pass. transportation company in calgary, alberta, canada. we can handle transportation for 5 to 500 people....
Cycle Jasper to Banff with Freewheeling AdventuresIcefields Parkway, Alberta Bike Tours7 days. Challenging cycling on the paved, broad-shouldered Icefields Parkway, with an optional day of hiking in the peaks behind Lake Louise...Starting at C$ 3,265 Per Person
Waterton to Banff Bike & Hike - Freewheeling Adv.Waterton Lakes National Park, Alberta Bike Tours7 days cycling on paved roads with a full day of hiking. Challenging terrain and long distances for energetic riders; shorter distances with vehicle assistance for more relaxed riders...Starting at C$ 3,265 Per Person
Alberta's Best Rafting at Wild Blue YonderRockies, Alberta Rafting TripsRafting for families, youths and adults: half day, full day and overnight trips on class 1-4+. You'll find the most variety of trips, the best quality guest gear, the longest time on the river, the least time on the bus, and the most genuine service!...Starting at C$ 60 Per Person
Whitewater Rafting on the Kicking Horse RiverRockies, Alberta Rafting Trips
The Kicking Horse River boasts big waves, continuous rapids and unparalleled white water. Carving a passage through the spectacular Kicking Horse Canyon, the river is set amongst some of the best scenery in the Canadian Rockies.
... C$ 105 Per Person
Country Adventures & B&BEdmonton, Alberta Bed & BreakfastsOn beautiful lakeside location Lakeview Guest Ranch offers camping or modern B&B accommodation, as well as adventure packages in partnership with local outfitters, like cattle drives, day trail rides, river tubing golf and much more....Affordable Rates from C$ 65 Per Night
Accommodations JasperJasper, Alberta Bed & BreakfastsFor your comfort we have a choice of three rooms, room #1 with twin beds, room #2 with a double bed and room #3 with a double bed and a private bathroom. Rooms #1 & #2 share a bathroom. accommodationsjasper com for complete info....Affordable Rates from C$ 70 Per Night
Brewster's Mountain LodgeBanff, Alberta Hotels & ResortsA 77 rm hotel in the Heart of Downtown Banff offering Free Continental Bkfst and Free WIFI. Close to shopping, restaurants and attractions. Family Owned....Starting at C$ 151 Per Night


text:
Serie A's Fixtures Will Test Roma's Fortitude
The fixtures for the upcoming Serie A season were drawn on Monday. Truth be told, these can be analyzed in a number of different ways -- difficult runs before/after breaks, season openers, etc. -- but ultimately, it's pretty much a wash: every team has to play every other team twice (unless Cagliari and Cellino get involved -- then it's iffy).
You can play the top three teams in a row, the bottom three teams in a row, or alternate a Champions' League-contending side with a relegation contender for six weeks, but eventually, you're playing all six.
The order that the matches are played in can be very, very important anyway. This is Roma, a team that has been built upon clouds of momentum in recent years. Last season's post winter-break period begot a slide that eventually led to Zdenek Zeman's dismissal; Rudi Garcia's job will be to ensure that his team aren't anywhere near as mentally fragile. Given how the draw came out, that will surely be tested.
The full list can be seen at Roma's official website. The season begins simply enough, with an away trip to newly promoted Livorno before hosting also newly-promoted Hellas Verona on the first of September. Because this is Roma and nothing is ever simple, the Liga has also announced that the Curva Sud will be banned during the latter match. Which means, the section that Roma's fans sit in will be empty for the season's home league opener as a result of the punishment from the Disciplinary Commission due to the tifosi's racist chants against Mario Balotelli last May.
On the plus side, it's nothing but a good thing that the league is cracking down on racism. Furthermore Roma have avoided an empty Curva for the Derby Della Capitale which occurs on week four. Without consistent punishment, racist chants aren't likely to go away -- and to be honest, it seems somewhat lopsided to punish a club for something it can't possibly control -- but it remains a notable and honest attempt nevertheless.
The end of the fixture list looks grueling: in December, the team face Fiorentina at home, Milan away, Catania at home, and Juventus away, before rounding up the midway point/finale with a trip away to Genoa (the final five games of the season are the same matchups with the reverse venues). As usual, the matchups will come at usually terrible times of the season for Roma; the Juventus game takes place right after the winter break, which is all but sure to be a loss given how the team's momentum tends to stay with the Christmas tree following the festivities.
The season is less than a month away, and with the squad looking like it's just about finished taking shape, the pre-season tour in the US will be a solid chance for Rudi to try out formations and positions before tackling Livorno.


text:
- Product Details
- Reviews (0)
This is a light weight, soft handed, rayon jersey. Slightly sheer.
Color: Toffee
Width: 51"
Content: RAYON
Learn about fabric careHOW TO CARE FOR RAYON/VISCOSE: Dry cleaning is usually preferable, but some rayons or viscoses can be hand-washed or machine-washed on delicate, cool water. Line dry. Test a swatch first. Mood strongly recommends test-laundering a swatch, if you plan to wash your garment or home furnishings yourself.


text:
Cancer is a scary diagnosis for anyone, and adolescents and young adults can have an especially hard time dealing with the news that a parent is sick. But you are far from alone. About 2.5 million teens live with a parent who is fighting or survived cancer.
While help and support is always within reach, there will undoubtedly be difficult days. You may ask yourself questions like: Will my mom or dad be ok? How will my family life change? How do I cope? If you feel overwhelmed with fear and worry, try to focus on these facts:
While you navigate this cancer journey with your parent, it can help to plan and prepare for some of the challenges that lie ahead. Knowing what to expect can help you feel more in control and less worried about change.
What You Might Experience:
While your parent gets treatment, you might notice that they have less energy than usual. They may be tired, and may not feel well. You might see them lose their hair. They might gain or lose weight. These are all common things that can happen from cancer treatment. Seeing your parent get sick can be scary. But remember, many people get cancer, have treatment, and do well. Share your concerns and ask questions. Open and honest communication is the best way to handle uncertainty.
What You Can Do to Help:
Spend time with your parent. Watch movies together, share a hug and say I love you often. Lend a hand when you can with cleaning or preparing meals. Stay positive and upbeat but don't hide your feelings. It's ok to share your thoughts and concerns. You are all under stress and need each other for support. You may assume responsibilities that normally fall to the parents, but only take on what you can handle.
Take Care of Yourself:
While you help care for your parent, remember to take care of yourself, too. Keep up your routine as much as you can, including school, friends, and activities you enjoy. You may feel funny going about your life and having fun when your parent is home sick or in the hospital. But living your life does not mean you don't care. You can still be concerned about your parent while staying connected with friends and activities. It's common to have mixed emotions and an open line of communication with your parent is always the best way to cope.
Find Support:
It can help to talk with someone outside of your family. Look for local support groups in your community or utilize useful web resources like Kids Konnected. They provide an online community of peers living with a parent who has cancer. You can always reach out to your parent's care team and ask to speak with someone from the RPCI Psychosocial Oncology department.


text:
"The CJ Foundation for SIDS is proud to support the important work of Children's National Medical Center through this grant," said Linda McNeil Tantawi, Executive Director of the CJ Foundation. "We are acutely aware of how important education is in the role of reducing the risk of SIDS and infant death due to unsafe sleep environments. Education is a critical part of our mission and we will continue to support programs and organizations that advocate public awareness."
Led by Rachel Moon, MD, Children's National Medical Center is a leading research institution for SIDS. A pediatrician and SIDS researcher, Dr. Moon also chairs the American Academy of Pediatrics' SIDS Taskforce.
"As a local and national leader in providing safe sleep education to families and child care providers, this work is critically important, particularly as the incidence of accidental suffocation in infants continues to increase," said Dr. Moon,
The CJ Foundation for SIDS was founded by Joel and Susan Hollander in memory of their daughter, Carly Jenna, who died from SIDS in 1993. Since its inception in 1994, the CJ Foundation has provided millions of dollars towards SIDS research, bereavement support programs, and education and public awareness initiatives throughout the nation, making tremendous strides in its fight to end SIDS.
Related Links
# # #
Children's National Medical Center in Washington, DC, has been serving the nation's children since 1870. Home to Children's Research Institute and the Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's National is consistently ranked among the top pediatric hospitals by U.S.News & World Report and the Leapfrog Group. With 283 beds, more than 1,330 nurses, 550 physicians, and seven regional outpatient centers, Children's National is the only exclusive provider of pediatric care in the Washington metropolitan area. Children's National has been recognized by the American Nurses Credentialing Center as a Magnet® designated hospital, the highest level of recognition for nursing excellence that a medical center can achieve. For more information, visit www.ChildrensNational.org, receive the latest news from the Children's National press room, or follow us Facebook and Twitter.


text:
Peachtree Audio Nova (English Cherry)
160W stereo integrated amplifier with built in DAC
Experience powerful, high-fidelity sound from digital sources with the Nova integrated amplifier from Peachtree Audio. First, a hybrid tube preamp with Class A output staging eliminates common sources of noise and jitter from digital audio signals, unlocking hi-fi audio performance from computers, laptops, and MP3 players. Second, an ESS 9006 Sabre D/A converter raises the bar further, seamlessly passing the preamp signal to the amplifier section while maintaining exceptionally low noise and superbly precise fidelity. Finally, the 80W x 2 channel amplifier fuels a stereo speaker pair with your favorite music as it was meant to be heard. Inputs include one USB, two digital coaxial, two digital optical, and three stereo analog connections.


text:
In our culture here in South Africa there are some things we do after someone passes away. We read the quraan, do Thikr and make dua for 7 days after death then again on the 40th day and then again on the 100th day. Is this permissable in Islam?
asked Nov 05 '12 at 07:23 surreytj 1●2
With my knowledge this is not permissible in Islam and even if you read Quran and make dhikir every day nothing will change because the person who dies will stand upon himself and the things he have put on. If you are a practicing person and makes dua to him then inshallah it will be answered but first he will have he´s punishment and if he dies as a kaffir(non-believer) nothing can help him except ALLAH.
answered Nov 05 '12 at 10:12 Allahoakbar 35●3
Salam Alaikum, please do not give answers according to your knowledge. If your knowledge can not have citations or proofs from the Quran or Sunnah then it is incorrect. Please find citations from Quran, sunnah, or reliable sources to backup your answer.
(Nov 05 '12 at 10:29) Al Ummat ♦


text:
Purple Poly Vinyl
Non Flame Ret Poly Vinyl 12'x100' PurpleBGVP12N PUR
In Stock - 1 business day processing+shipping
Sale Price: $39.99 roll
Was $64.99, You save 38%
Flame Ret Poly Vinyl 12'x100' PurpleBGVP12 PUR
In Stock - 1 business day processing+shipping
Sale Price: $69.99 roll
Was $79.99, You save 12%
This Purple Poly Vinyl is economical when covering large areas!
Cover lockers or unsightly walls with Purple Poly Vinyl. The water resistant and reusable Purple Poly Vinyl is available in both flame retardant and non flame retardant.
- Purple Flame Retardant Poly Vinyl - 12 foot X 100 foot rolls
- Purple Non Flame Retardant Poly Vinyl - 12 foot X 100 foot rolls
Our Poly Vinyl is 2.0 mil thick.
Please allow ample time for delivery. Our ship date for this product is noted in your shopping cart. Many items are shipped separately, so please allow extra time for these items to arrive. Shipping charges are based on the value of the merchandise and not the number of shipments. For additional shipping information, contact our Customer Service Department at (firstname.lastname@example.com or 1-800-227-2789).
Detailed shipping information
Detailed shipping information


text:
Rebs end five-game skid against MSU
Several seasons of frustrating losses to Mississippi State were finally put to rest for the Ole Miss Rebels Wednesday night at C.M. "Tad" Smith Coliseum.
For a team that had lost five straight games to the No. 18 Bulldogs, including three at home, Wednesday's 75-68 win in front of a near capacity crowd felt extra special even if Ole Miss coach Andy Kennedy talked about it being just another game on the schedule. (January 19, 2012, Page 6)


text:
Anybody out there in need of a saviour for there old trek hardtails check this out.
The one on the bike has washers for packing (prototype) and just kisses the weld, the new revised one has the extra packing machined in with extra clearance for the weld.
The disc is a 185 dia as the triangle is too small for anything of less diameter.
They are machined from billet aluminium and can be annodised if needed, please PM me for more details.
I have the revised one currently on my bike which is a 19" frame, i'll post more pictures soon!


text:
Stefanie Powers to Replace Valerie Harper in National Tour of LOOPED
Emmy Award nominee Stefanie Powers will now play the role of legendary actress Tallulah Bankhead on the national tour of LOOPED. She replaces Valerie Harper, who was advised by doctors to take an immediate medical leave after having recently been hospitalized; she has flown back to Los Angeles with her husband Tony Cacciotti where she will receive continuing treatment and medical care.
"It is with deep sadness and regret that I will be unable to honor my commitment to the tour of LOOPED," Harper said. "This play has been such a gift and it was my hope and intention to play this role again in the upcoming tour. But given my doctor's recent recommendations, I must now put all my energy into getting well and renewing my strength."
"Matthew and I are obviously very sad that Val won't be able to continue," director Rob Ruggiero said of himself and playwright Matthew Lombardo. "Working with her on this project has been a delight and has brought us both so much joy and laughter. Right now Val needs to focus on her health and the future. We love and respect her immensely and support her during this challenging time. We are very grateful to Stefanie for stepping in so quickly."
David Fay, President of The Bushnell said, "While we are saddened to hear that Ms. Harper won't be appearing here, we are still eager to have LOOPED on our stage and look forward to Stefanie Powers giving another great performance."
Harper also praised Powers stating, "In my opinion, Stefanie is the perfect choice to take over this role. She is extraordinarily talented and will make one terrific Tallulah! I have called to give her my blessing and I urge everyone to go out and see this hysterically funny play and support Stefanie's participation."
Powers is no stranger to Tallulah Bankhead, having co-starred with her in the 1965 motion picture Die, Die, My Darling, playing Bankhead's daughter. It was during post-production of the film that Bankhead had trouble re-recording the infamous line, "And so Patricia, as I was telling you, that deluded rector has in literal effect closed the church to me," that is the incident on which the play LOOPED is based. Powers is best known for starring in the television series Hart to Hart with Robert Wagner and has received 2 Emmy Award and 5 Golden Globe nominations for Best Actress.
The LOOPED tour launches in Fort Lauderdale at The Parker Playhouse (February 26 - March 3) followed by a Baltimore run at The Hippodrome Theatre (March 5-17) then to Boston at The Majestic Theatre (April 30-May 5) followed by Hartford at The Bushnell (May 7-12). More cities will be announced for the Summer/Fall of 2013 as that information becomes available.
STEFANIE POWERS (Tallulah Bankhead) began her career at age 15, dancing for famed Broadway choreographer, Jerome Robbins. She was put under contract to Columbia Pictures in the final years of the Hollywood star system. While under contract, she appeared in 15 of the 31 motion pictures she has made, co-starring with screen legends such as John Wayne, Maureen O'Hara, Lana Turner, Ava Gardner, Cliff Robertson, Elliot Gould, Roger Moore, Donald Sutherland, Bing Crosby, Glenn Ford, Lee Remick, James Caan, and Sammy Davis. She recently co-starred with Richard Chamberlin in the critically acclaimed independent film, Three Days of Hamlet.
Her first television series, "The Girl from U.N.C.L.E.," marked a milestone in U.S. television's history as the first hour long series featuring a female in the leading role. Her television career includes over 25 mini-series, over 200 episodic guest starring appearances, 35 movies for television and two more television series, "Feather and Father" and the long running "Hart to Hart," starring opposite Robert Wagner. She became a member of the Screen Writers' Guild of America in the 1980s and has produced several of the screenplays she has written, one of which, "Family Secrets," was not only a stepping stone for the careers of James Spader and Gary Sinise but it garnered her a nomination for the best screenplay of the year by her peers in the Writers' Guild. Her writing has extended itself to a memoir called, One from the Hart, published by The Robson Press.


text:
Aragorn II ElessarTalk38
this wiki
Redirected from Aragorn II
Biographical information
Physical description
- "I am Aragorn son of Arathorn, and am called Elessar, the Elfstone, Dúnadain, the heir of Isildur Elendil's son of Gondor. Here is the sword that was broken and is forged again! Will you aid me or thwart me? Choose swiftly!"
- —Aragorn, in the company of Legolas and Gimli, as they are surrounded by, and speaking to, Éomer and the Riders of Rohan
Aragorn II, the son of Arathorn II, and Gilraen, also known as Elessar, was the 16th Chieftain of the Dúnedain of the North; he was later crowned King Elessar Telcontar (March 1, 2931 - FO 120 or SR 1541), the 26th King of Arnor, and the 35th King of Gondor and First High King of the Reunited Kingdom. He was a great warrior, and as the heir of Isildur bore the shards of Narsil, reforged and renamed Andúril ("Flame of the West"), in the War of the Ring.
Early years
- "He was Aragorn son of Arathorn, the nine and thirtieth heir in the right line from Isildur, and yet more like Elendil than any before him."
- —The Silmarillion: Of the Rings of Power and the Third Age
Aragorn was a descendant of Elros Tar-Minyatur. His ancestor Arvedui was wedded to Fíriel, who bore their son Aranarth, making Aragorn the last descendant of Anárion as well.
When Aragorn was only two years old, his father Arathorn was killed while pursuing orcs. Aragorn was afterwards fostered in Rivendell by Elrond. At the request of his mother, his lineage was kept secret, as she feared he would be killed like his father and grandfather if his true identity as the descendant of Elendil and Heir of Isildur became known. Aragorn was renamed Estel and was not told about his heritage until 2951.
Elrond revealed to "Estel" his true name and ancestry when he was twenty, and gave to him the Ring of Barahir and the Shards of Narsil. Elrond withheld the Sceptre of Annúminas from Aragorn until he "came of the right" to possess the item. It was also around this time that Aragorn met and fell in love with Arwen, Elrond's daughter, newly returned from her mother's homeland of Lórien where she had visited her grandmother Galadriel.
Aragorn thereafter assumed his proper role as the sixteenth Chieftain of the Dúnedain and the Rangers of the North and left the comforts of Rivendell for the wild, where he lived with the remainder of his people, whose kingdom had been destroyed through civil and regional wars centuries before.
Aragorn met Gandalf the Grey in 2956, and they became close friends. Heeding Gandalf's advice, Aragorn and the Rangers began to guard a small land known as the Shire inhabited by the diminutive and agrarian Hobbits, and he became known among the peoples just outside the Shire's borders as Strider.
From TA 2957 to TA 2980, Aragorn undertook great journeys, serving in the armies of King Thengel of Rohan, and Steward Ecthelion II of Gondor. Many of his tasks helped to raise morale in the West and counter the growing threat of Sauron and his allies, and he earned priceless experience which he would later put to use in the War of the Ring. Aragorn served his lords in disguise and his name in Gondor and Rohan during that time was Thorongil (Eagle of the Star). With a small Gondor squadron of ships, he led an assault on the long-standing rebel province of Umbar in 2980, burning many of the Corsairs' ships and personally slaying their lord during the battle on the Havens. After the victory at Umbar, "Thorongil" left the field and, to the dismay of his men, went east.
Aragorn, Ranger from the North
called Strider, Dunadan of great worth.
Heir of Isildur, taking on that guilt.
Rightful King of Gondor, by Numenoreans built.
An Elven-maid called Arwen he loved
And thought of while through Middle-Earth he roved.
Befriended by Gandalf, great of his Order,
Travelling the World from Eriador to Mordor.
After the War he finally took his place
As King of the dwindling Numenorean race.
- Arwen Fastred (pseudonym)
Later in 2980, he visited Lórien, and there once again met Arwen. He gave her the heirloom of his House, the Ring of Barahir, and, on the hill of Cerin Amroth, Arwen pledged her hand to him in marriage, renouncing her elvish lineage and accepting the Gift of Men: death.
Elrond withheld from Aragorn permission to marry his daughter until such a time as his foster son should be king of both Gondor and Arnor. As both Elrond and Aragorn knew, to marry a mortal, Arwen would be required to choose mortality, and thus deprive the deathless Elrond of his daughter while the world lasted. Elrond was also concerned for Arwen's own happiness, fearing that in the end she might find death (her own and that of her beloved) too difficult to bear.
Before the events of The Lord of the Rings properly take place, Aragorn also traveled through the Dwarven mines of Moria, to Harad, where (in his own words) "the stars are strange." Tolkien does not specify when these travels occurred nor does he indicate what happens when Aragorn visits.
In 3009, Gandalf grew suspicious of the origin of the ring belonging to the Hobbit Bilbo Baggins, which later turned out to be the One Ring, the source of the Dark Lord Sauron's evil power. Aragorn went at his request into Rhovanion in search of Gollum, who had once possessed the Ring. He caught the creature in the Dead Marshes near Mordor, and brought him as a captive to Thranduil's halls in Mirkwood, where Gandalf questioned him.
War of the Ring
- "If you bring a Ranger with you, it is well to pay attention to him, especially if that Ranger is Aragorn."
- — Gandalf
All that is gold does not glitter,
Not all those who wander are lost;
The old that is strong does not wither,
Deep roots are not reached by the frost.
From the ashes a fire shall be woken,
A light from the shadows shall spring;
Renewed shall be Blade that was Broken,
The crownless again shall be king.
— Bilbo's poem about Aragorn
Aragorn joined Frodo Baggins, Bilbo's adopted heir; and three of his friends at the Inn of the Prancing Pony in Bree. Though originally the hobbits were suspicious of Strider, they eventually trusted him and prepared to escape Bree and the Ringwraiths. These four had set out from the Shire to bring the One Ring to Rivendell. Aragorn was aged 87 at that time, nearing the prime of life for one of royal Númenórean descent. With Aragorn's help the Hobbits escaped the pursuing Nazgûl and reached Rivendell. There, Aragorn chose to join Frodo, thus forming the Fellowship of the Ring that was formed to guard Frodo, tasked with destroying the Ring in the fires of Mount Doom in Mordor. Besides Aragorn, Gandalf, and Frodo, the company included Frodo's cousins Pippin and Merry, his best friend Samwise Gamgee, Legolas the elf, Gimli the Dwarf, and Boromir of Gondor.
Before the group set out, the shards of Narsil were reforged, and the restored blade was named Andúril.
Aragorn accompanied the group through an attempt to cross the pass of Caradhras and through the mines of Moria. He helped protect Frodo from an Orc captain (Cave Troll in the movies) and became group leader after Gandalf was presumed lost in battle with a Balrog. Aragorn led the company to Lórien and then down the river Anduin to the Falls of Rauros. Originally he had planned to go to Gondor and aid its people in the war, but after the loss of Gandalf he also was responsible for Frodo.
Passing through the Argonath and the breaking of the Fellowship, Frodo turned and saw Strider, and yet he was no longer Strider; for the weatherworn Ranger was no longer there. In the stern sat Aragorn, son of Arathorn, proud and erect, guiding the boat with skillful strokes; his hood was cast back, and his dark hair was blowing in the wind, a light was in his eyes: a king returning from exile to his own land.
- "Fear not! he said. "Long have I desired to look upon the likenesses of Isildur and Anarion, my sires of old. Under their shadow Elessar, the Elfstone son of Arathorn of the House of Valandil Isildur's son heir of Elendil, has naught to dread!"
- — Aragorn proclaiming his lineage
After passing into the Argonath, the Fellowship camped in Amon Hen. Frodo saw that Boromir had been driven mad by the influence of the One Ring trying to take it. Frodo put the ring on, rendering him invisible, and ran away from Boromir. Frodo climbed to the high seat on Amon Hen; from there he could see Sauron's eye looking for him. The Hobbit felt the eye but it was distracted by Gandalf the White later found in Fangorn Forest by (Aragorn, Legolas, and Gimli looking for Merry and Pippin.) Frodo would struggle against the power of Sauron, finally taking the ring off. Then Frodo knew what had to be done: He was to go alone to Mordor to destroy the ring. On the way back to the river he meets Sam, who goes with him. At this same time, the others were attacked by Saruman's Uruk-hai and a battle ensued. During the ensuing battle, Boromir was killed defending Merry and Pippin and giving up his desire for the ring in a last attempt to resist the ring. After discovering that Frodo had left, Aragorn and the others decided that they would leave Frodo and Sam to continue their quest on their own. Legolas, Gimli, and Aragorn put Boromir's body and war gear in one of the elven boats as a funeral boat and tribute to Boromir for his bravery and courage. His body would be sent to the Falls of Rauros.
While Frodo continued his quest with Samwise Gamgee, Aragorn, Legolas and Gimli went to Rohan to free Merry and Pippin, who had been captured by the Uruk-hai working for Saruman.
- "I am Aragorn son of Arathorn and am called Elessar, the Elfstone, Dúnadan, the heir of Isildur Elendil's son of Gondor. Here is the Sword that was Broken and is forged again! Will you aid me or thwart me? Choose swiftly!"
- — Aragorn to Éomer and the Riders of Rohan
In The Two Towers, the Three Hunters (as Aragorn, Legolas, and Gimli were ever after known) encountered Éomer, who had recently been pursuing rumours of an orc raid in the area. From Éomer Aragorn learned that the Orcs who had kidnapped Merry and Pippin had been destroyed and that the Hobbits had not been found. Dejected, he led Legolas and Gimli to the site of the battle. Clues led Aragorn to believe that the Hobbits might still be alive, and he led the Three Hunters into Fangorn Forest. They did not find the Hobbits, but they did find Gandalf the White, sent back from Valinor to continue his struggle against Sauron. Gandalf told the Three Hunters that the Hobbits were safe with the Ents of Fangorn. Together, Gandalf and the Three Hunters travelled to Edoras, where Gandalf freed Théoden from Saruman's enchantment and helped him organize the Rohirrim against Saruman. He allied with Théoden and led the refugees to Helm's Deep. It is on this path where we learn that Aragorn is 87 years old.
Where now are the Dunedain, Elessar, Elessar?
Where do thy kinsfolk wander afar?
Near is the hour when the lost should come forth,
And the Grey Company ride from the North.
But dark is the path appointed to thee:
The Dead watch the road that leads to the Sea.
- Galadriel's message to Aragorn (The Two Towers, Chapter 5)
Aragorn, Legolas and Gimli then help the people of Rohan in the Battle of the Hornburg, in which they conclusively and victoriously defeated Saruman's army. Afterward Aragorn went with Gandalf to Isengard only to find Isengard in ruins by the work of the Ents. (One of Gandalf's plans to bring Saruman to his downfall.), Aragorn being present with Gandalf, Theoden, Éomer, Legolas and Gimli negotiate in a final parley with Saruman. Saruman at first tries to bend Theoden to his will and at first Theoden is almost swayed but then he masters his will and refuses to join with Saruman. Saruman then sneers at Theoden and turns his attention to Gandalf and tries to sway him, only to be laughed at. Then Gandalf offers him a chance of repentance without limits. Saruman turns white in his face at this, sadly in the end however Saruman refuses to repent out of pride and to leave Orthanc. Gandalf breaks Saruman's staff as he is no longer the head and is banished from the Order of Wizards and The White Council. After Saruman crawls away, Grima Wormtongue then throws the Palantír of Orthanc at Gandalf as he and the others are leaving the Orthanc tower. But misses not being able to decide who he hated more Gandalf or Saruman. Thus ending the Battle of the Hornburg and the Battle of Isengard. In order to distract Sauron's attention from Frodo, who had gone into Mordor, Aragorn used the Palantír of Orthanc obtained from Saruman and revealed himself as the heir of Isildur to Sauron. Sauron probably believed that the One Ring had come into Aragorn's hands; therefore he made his assault on Minas Tirith prematurely and without adequate preparation.
In order to defend the city, Aragorn travelled the Paths of the Dead, and summoned the Dead Men of Dunharrow who owed allegiance to the King of Gondor. It had been prophesied by Isildur and Malbeth the Seer that the Dead would be summoned once more to pay their debt for betraying Gondor a millennia before. With their aid the Corsairs of Umbar were defeated.
Aragorn, a small force of Rangers, and a large contingent of men and soldiers from the southern regions then sailed up the Anduin to Minas Tirith. When they arrived at the Battle of the Pelennor Fields, Aragorn unfurled a standard that Arwen had made for him which showed both the White Tree of Gondor along with the jeweled crown and seven stars of the House of Elendil. With the help of the southern forces the armies of Gondor and Rohan rallied together and defeated Sauron's army.
The restoration of the line of Elendil to the throne of Gondor is a subplot of The Lord of the Rings; Aragorn's adventures not only aid Frodo in his Quest, but also bring him closer to his own kingship which, though his by right and lineage, has been left open for centuries due to historical, legal, and military circumstances. The people of Gondor have been under the rule of the Stewards of Gondor for centuries, as it was widely doubted that any of the royal line still lived. Shortly after Isildur's departure, Meneldil, son of Anárion, had severed Gondor from Arnor politically, although the formal title of High King remained with the northern line (as Isildur was Elendil's eldest son). This arrangement had been reinforced by the Steward Pelendur in nearly 2,000 years before when he rejected Arvedui's claim to the Throne of Gondor during a Gondorian succession crisis (Eärnil, a member of the House of Anárion, was eventually chosen as King instead). It is worth noting, however, that Arvedui had also based his claim on the fact that he had married a descendant of Anárion: thus, Aragorn was technically a descendant of not only Elendil and Isildur but of Anárion as well.
- "In this hour take the name that was foretold for you, Elessar, the Elfstone of the House of Elendil!"
- — Galadriel after giving Aragorn the Elessar
In Return of the King, the Steward Denethor II declared that he would not bow to a descendant of Isildur (years before, he had seen "Thorongil" as a rival to his father's favor). Aragorn healed Faramir, Denethor's last heir, winning him the immediate recognition of Faramir as rightful heir to the throne; his humility and self-sacrifice gained him the hearts of the inhabitants of Gondor's capital city. Aragorn's healing abilities, moreover, were a sign to the people of Gondor of the identity of their true king; as Ioreth said, "The hands of the King are the hands of a healer, and so shall the rightful king be known." The people hailed him as King that same evening.
Despite his immediate success and popularity, however, and despite his claim to the throne through raising the royal banner, Aragorn decided to lay aside his claim for the time being. He knew that if he aggressively promoted his claim, rival claimants or debates as to his legitimacy were not out of the question, and this could be a fatal distraction for Gondor at a time when the West needed to be united against Sauron. So, to avoid conflict, after he had healed people during the following nights of March 15–16, he left Minas Tirith and symbolically refused to enter it again until he was crowned King on May first.
As Reunited King of Gondor and Arnor
- "Men of Gondor, hear now the Steward of this Realm! Behold! One has come to claim the kingship again at last. Here is Aragorn, son of Arathorn, chieftain of the Dúnedain of Arnor, Captain of the Host of the West, bearer of the Star of the North, wielder of the Sword Reforged, victorious in battle, whose hands bring healing, the Elfstone, Elessar of the line of Valandil, Isildur's son, Elendil's son of Numenor. Shall he be king and enter into the City and dwell there?" And all the host and all the people cried yea with one voice."
- — Faramir the Steward announces the coronation of King Elessar
Upon Sauron's defeat, Aragorn was crowned as King Elessar (translated as Elfstone in Tolkien's invented language of Quenya), a name given to him by Galadriel. (In Sindarin, another of Tolkien's languages, this becomes Edhelharn.) He became the twenty-sixth King of Arnor, thirty-fifth King of Gondor and the first High King of the Reunited Kingdom, though it would be several years before his authority was firmly reestablished in Arnor. His line was referred to as the House of Telcontar (Telcontar being Quenya for "Strider"). Aragorn married Arwen shortly afterwards, and ruled the Kingdom of Gondor and Arnor until 120 of the Fourth Age. His reign was marked by great harmony and prosperity within Gondor and Arnor, and by a great renewal of cooperation and communication between Men, Elves, and Dwarves, fostered by his vigorous rebuilding campaign following the war. Aragorn led the forces of the Reunited Kingdom on military campaigns against some Easterlings and Haradrim, re-establishing rule over much territory that Gondor had lost in previous centuries. He died at the age of 210, after 120 years as king. He was succeeded on the throne by his son. Arwen, saddened by the loss of her husband, gave up her mortal life shortly afterwards. Arwen and Aragorn also had at least two unnamed daughters.
Elendil's Oath sung by Aragorn when he is crowned King is as follows:
"Et Eärello Endorenna utúlien. Sinome maruvan ar Hildinyar tenn' Ambar-metta!"
Death and End of Reign
When in the year 120 of the Fourth Age, King Elessar realised his days were at an end, he went to the House of the Kings in the Silent Street. He said farewell to his son Eldarion and his daughters and gave Eldarion his crown and sceptre. Arwen remained at Aragorn's side until he died. Shortly a year after Aragorn died, Arwen soon died of a broken heart. Eldarion began his reign as the Second King of the Reunited Kingdom after his father's and mother's death.[1]
- "Then a great beauty was revealed in him, so that all who after came there looked on him in wonder; for they saw that the grace of his youth, and the valour of his manhood, and the wisdom and majesty of his age were blended together. And long there he lay, an image of the Kings of Men in glory undimmed before the breaking of the world."
- — Description of Aragorn's death.
- "Was there ever anyone like him? Except Gandalf, of course. I think they must be related."
- —Peregrin Took on Aragorn
Tolkien gives a brief but detailed description of him in The Lord of the Rings: lean, dark, tall, with "a shaggy head of dark hair flecked with grey, and in a pale stern face a pair of keen grey eyes."[2] In The Tale of Aragorn and Arwen in the Appendices, he was said to be often grim and sad, with unexpected moments of levity. Some time after the publications of the books, Tolkien wrote that he was six feet six inches tall.[3]
Aragorn possessed Elven wisdom due to his childhood in Rivendell with Elrond and the foresight of the Dúnedain. He was also a skilled healer, notably with the plant Athelas (also known as Kingsfoil). He was also a mighty warrior and an unmatched commander; after the Battle of the Pelennor Fields, he, Éomer and Imrahil were said to be left unscathed, even though they had been in the thick of the fighting. Due to his position as Isildur's heir, Aragorn has impressive powers for a Man; he forced Sauron to let him use the Palantír of Orthanc freely (although this was in part due to the fact that as the descendant of Elendil, Aragorn was the true owner of the seeing-stones).
Though there is no indication of his ever doubting his role and destiny as the future king of the Reunited Kingdom and one of the leaders of the war against Sauron (as he did in Peter Jackson's film), he was not immune to self-doubt, as he doubted the wisdom of his decisions while leading the Fellowship after the loss of Gandalf in Moria, and blamed himself for many of their subsequent misfortunes.
On one occasion, his pride (or reverence for his heritage) led to complications, as he refused to disarm and leave his sword Andúril (a priceless heirloom of Númenor and one of the weapons which slew Sauron) at the door of Edoras, as Théoden had required, and only did so after Gandalf left his own sword (also of high lineage) behind. Even so, he swore that death would come to anyone else who touched it (whether by his own hand or by some magic, it is left unsaid).
Names and titles
Aragorn was called the Dúnadan ("Man of the West/Númenórean") by the Elves of Rivendell, Longshanks or Stick-at-naught Strider (two of several derogatory titles given by Bill Ferny in Bree), Strider by Butterbur and the people of Bree (it was under this name that he was introduced to Frodo), and Wingfoot (given by Éomer after discovering that Aragorn had travelled forty-five leagues in four days in pursuit of Pippin, Merry, and their Uruk-hai captors). He was the founder of the House of Telcontar (Telcontar is "Strider" in Quenya, after the mistrustful nickname given him by the rustics of the North. This was prompted by Pippin when, as a guard of the citadel, he greeted Aragorn quite familiarly as 'Strider'. Which severely shocked Prince Imrahil, who ruled Gondor well into the Fourth Age of Middle-earth) in records, his full ruling name is given as Elessar Telcontar ("Elfstone Strider"). He was also known as Estel ("hope") to protect his true lineage from the Enemy when they were seeking the heir of Isildur until he came of the age of 20. He was also known as Thorongil ("Eagle of the Star") in his younger days when he travelled around Middle-earth and performed services in Rohan and Gondor often by protecting camps and raiding enemy strongholds like he did when he crossed the Corsairs of Umbar.
- Main article: Andúril
Aragorn's skills in battle lay primarily in his sword craft. He was a mighty warrior with the sword and easily defeated many types of foes, ranging from large groups of orcs to far more powerful foes such as Trolls and Ringwraiths, evident throughout various battles like Helm's Deep and the Morannon. In each case, Aragorn's finesse in battle has served him greatly and earned him much recognition and respect from both the Fellowship of the Ring and the people of Rohan and Gondor. He was arguably the greatest swordsman of the Third Age, surpassing the likes of Faramir, Boromir and perhaps even Elrond.
Aragorn's sword is Andúril, Flame of the West, the reforged sword Narsil, Elendil's blade that Isildur used to cut the One Ring from Sauron's hand. Aragorn uses it with the same skill the Numenoreans had long ago.
Concept and creation
The "first term" of the character that later evolved into Aragorn or Strider was a peculiar hobbit met by Bingo Bolger-Baggins (precursor of Frodo Baggins) at the inn of The Prancing Pony. His description and behavior, however, was already quite close to the final story, with the difference that the hobbit wore wooden shoes, and was nicknamed Trotter for the "clitter-clap" sound that they produced. He was also accounted to be "one of the wild folk — rangers", and he played the same role in Frodo's journey to Rivendell as in The Lord of the Rings.
Later Tolkien hesitated about the true identity of "Trotter" for a long time. One of his notes suggested that the Rangers should not be hobbits as originally planned, and that this would mean that Trotter was either a Man, or a hobbit who associated himself with the Rangers and was "very well known" (within the story). The latter suggestion was linked to an early comment of Bingo: "I keep on feeling that I have seen him somewhere before". Tolkien made a proposal that Trotter might be Bilbo Baggins himself, but rejected that idea.
Another suggestion was that Trotter was "Fosco Took (Bilbo's first cousin), who vanished when a lad, owing to Gandalf". This story was further elaborated, making Trotter a nephew of Bilbo, named Peregrin Boffin, and an elder cousin of Frodo. He was said to have run away after he came of age, some twenty years before Bilbo's party, and had helped Gandalf in tracking Gollum later. A hint was also given as to why Trotter wore wooden shoes: he had been captured by the Dark Lord in Mordor and tortured, but saved by Gandalf; a note was added by Tolkien in the margin, saying that it would later be revealed that Trotter had wooden feet.
The conception of Trotter being a hobbit was discarded with the following recommencing of writing; another short-lived idea was to make Trotter "a disguised elf − friend of Bilbo's in Rivendell", and a scout from Rivendell who "pretends to be a ranger".
Quite soon Tolkien finally settled on the Mannish identity of Trotter, from the beginning introducing him as a "descendant of the ancient men of the North, and one of Elrond's household", as well as the name Aragorn. While the history of Númenor and the descendants of Elros and Elendil were not fully developed, the terms of it were in existence, and would come to be connected with The Lord of the Rings as the character of Aragorn developed. Thus the evolution of the history of the Second and Third Ages was dependent on the bringing of Trotter to association with them.
Further character developments
The development of Aragorn's connection to Gondor was long and complex, as was his association with Boromir. Initially it is said that Aragorn's forefathers were the exiles of Númenor who ruled over the people of Ond (early name of Gondor), but were driven out by the Wizard King "when Sauron raised a rebellion". The story of the two branches of Elendil's descendants ruling over two kingdoms of Men through many generations only emerged gradually; at one time, Tolkien even seems to have conceived only three generations between Isildur and Aragorn.
One significant feature which was not established until late stages was Aragorn's relationship with Arwen. When Tolkien first introduced Éowyn, the interest which she showed towards Aragorn was not one-sided, with suggestions in notes that they would marry at the end of the story. Another proposal was done soon, that Éowyn would die to save or avenge Théoden, and Aragorn would never marry after her death.
The first mention of Elrond's daughter, named Arwen Undomiel, was in reference to the banner which she made for Aragorn, but Tolkien did not give any hint whether she had any further part to play. The references to her marriage with Aragorn were made later, but it was explicitly stated only near the completion of the book. It is only in his working on the appendices for The Lord of the Rings that Tolkien recorded the full tale of Aragorn and Arwen.
A passing idea was that Galadriel gave her Ring to Aragorn, and that he would accordingly be titled the "Lord of the Ring".
Rejected names
The original nickname Trotter was retained for a long while, and Tolkien decided to change it to Strider only after the story was completed. There were also several experimental translations of Trotter to Sindarin: Padathir, Du-finnion and Rimbedir, with Ethelion possibly being equivalent to Peregrin (Boffin). Instead of the latter title "the Dúnadan", Quenya Tarkil ('noble Man') was first used, synonym with Númenórean.
Tolkien hesitated for some time about Trotter's "real" name. Although Aragorn was the first suggestion when the Mannish descent was settled, it was changed a number of times. At one point Tolkien decided that an Elvish name does not suit a Man, and thus altered it from Aragorn via Elfstone to Ingold, where the last one is an Old English name with ing- representing 'west'. Later, however, a new plot element was introduced: Galadriel's gift of a green stone, and Tolkien reverted the usage to Elfstone in order to make an additional connection. This was retained into the final version of the legendarium as a side name and a translation of Elessar.
Among other names to be used instead of Elfstone Tolkien considered Elfstan, Elfmere, Elf-friend, Elfspear, Elfwold and Erkenbrand, with various Elvish forms: Eldamir, Eldavel, Eledon, and Qendemir. The name of Aragorn's father also passed through many transient forms: Tolkien intended Aramir or Celegorn to go in pair with Aragorn before settling upon Arathorn; Elfhelm and Eldakar with Elfstone and Eldamir; and Ingrim with Ingold.
History and Mythology
Richard J. Finn presented a paper titled, Arthur and Aragorn - Arthurian Influence in LOTR at the Forty-First International Congress on Medieval Studies. The are additional similarities between Aragorn and Arthur beyond those pointed out by Finn. Arthur is descended from Kings of Goddodin - Coel Hen, Aragorn becomes King of Gondor. Kings of the period in Goddodin lived at both Traprain Law and Din Eidyn (Edinburgh, still known as Dùn Éideann in Scottish Gaelic) remarkably similar to Dúnadan. For "Men of the North", Goddodin was a far northern kingdom. Arthur was crowned by St. Dubriticus, who wore a long gray robe for which he was called "His Grey Eminence", Gandalf the White who also wore a gray robe to indicate he at one time was Gandalf the Grey and crowned Aragorn.
Appearance in the books and films
In the books
In the movies
Portrayal in adaptations
Lord of the Rings film trilogy
- "Sons of Gondor, of Rohan! My brothers! I see in your eyes the same fear that would take the heart of me! A day may come when the courage of men fails, when we forsake our friends and break all bonds of fellowship. But it is not this day! An hour of wolves and shattered shields when the Age of Men comes crashing down! But it is not this day! This day we fight! By all that you hold dear on this good earth, I BID YOU STAND, MEN OF THE WEST!!"
- —Aragorn encouraging the Men of Rohan and Gondor
In The Lord of the Rings movie trilogy (2001 – 2003) directed by Peter Jackson, Aragorn is played by Danish-American actor Viggo Mortensen, who took over the role from Stuart Townsend after a month of rehearsals. In these movies, Aragorn must overcome his self-doubt to claim the kingship. This specific element of self-doubt is not present in Tolkien's books, where Aragorn intends to claim the throne all along. Daniel Day-Lewis was offered the role, but declined.
In order to ensure safe passage across Mordor for Frodo to fulfill his quest, Aragorn then led the Army of the West out from Minas Tirith to make a diversionary feint on the Black Gate of Mordor itself in the Battle of the Morannon. Gandalf had been given supreme command of the war effort after the Pelennor Fields, and acted as chief spokesman in the parley with the Mouth of Sauron; but Aragorn commanded the Allied troops during the battle and its aftermath.
Ralph Bakshi version
Aragorn was voiced by John Hurt in Ralph Bakshi's 1978 animated film version of The Lord of the Rings. Bakshi's Aragorn, unlike all other portrayals that were to follow to date, has no beard. This actually conforms to a statement appearing in Unfinished Tales that implicitly says that Aragorn was not supposed to have one, due to his Elvish ancestry (Elves did not grow beards). In a note written in 1972 or later, among the last writings of my father's on the subject of Middle-earth, there is a discussion of the Elvish strain in Men, as to its being observable in the beardlessness of those who were so descended (it was a characteristic of all Elves to be beardless. However, Tolkien actually wrote elsewhere that Elves did have beards; in The Lord of the Rings itself Círdan is described as having a beard. Also, some viewers and critics have said that this version of Aragorn looks Native American though not necessarily to the detriment of the film.
Rankin/Bass' Return of the King
Aragorn was voiced by Theodore Bikel in the 1980 Rankin/Bass animated version of The Return of the King, made for television. He first appears at the Battle of the Pelennor Fields, leading the reinforcements from southern Gondor.
(See the stage article: The Lord of the Rings)
Aragorn was portrayed by Evan Buliung in the three-hour production of The Lord of the Rings, which opened in 2006 in Toronto, Canada.
In the United States, Aragorn was portrayed by Josh Beshears in the Cincinnati, Ohio production of The Return of the King (2003) for Clear Stage Cincinnati. At Chicago's Lifeline Theatre, Aragorn was played by Robert McLean in the 1999 production of The Two Towers.
Robert Stephens voiced the character in the 1981 BBC Radio serial of The Lord of the Rings.
Voice Dubbing actors
|Foreign Language
|Voice dubbing artist
|Hōchū Ōtsuka (大塚 芳忠)
|Korean (SBS TV Edition)
|An Ji Hwan (안지환)
|French (Québec)
|Jacques Lavallée
|French (France)
|Bernard Gabay
|Spanish (Latin America)
|Sergio Gutiérrez Coto
|Spanish (Spain)
|Juan Antonio Bernal
|Jacques Breuer
|Pino Insegno
|Portuguese (Brazil) (Television/DVD)
|Affonso Amajones
|Boğaçhan Sözmen
|Michal Dlouhý
|Pavel Višňovský
|Selmeczi Roland †
|Aleksei Ryazantesv (Рязанцев, Алексей Анатольевич)
|Michael Zhonin (Михайло Жонін)
|Mandarian Chinese (China / Taiwan)
|Kui Lu (陆揆)
|Cantonese Chinese (Hong Kong)
|Luo Ooa (羅偉傑)
|Uttaporn Teemakorn (อรรถพร ธีมากร) (Kapook, Films 2-3)
Wanchai Paowiboon (วันชัย เผ่าวิบูลย์) (Channel 7)
|Saeed Mozafari (سعید مظفری)
Non-Canonical weapons
Note: The following is from the movie adaptation.
In the film adaptation, Aragorn never carries the shards of Narsil as he did in the books, and only receives the reforged Andúril before entering the Paths of the Dead. Up until this time, Aragorn uses a different, more basic sword that is never given a name. Attached to the scabbard of this sword is a small utility knife that Aragorn uses in the wild country.
Note: The following are from the movie adaptation.
Aragorn also uses a long, curved dagger in battle, though a lot less frequently than his sword. This dagger is used for close combat and as a last resort if the sword is useless in a particular situation, such as when Aragorn is knocked down or assassinating Sauron's servants. He received a curved dagger from Celeborn in the movie, upon leaving Lorien. In The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (video game), Aragorn uses his dagger as a finishing blow for his Final Judgment and Warrior Bane combos.
Aragorn's next weapon in his arsenal is his bow. This bow is rarely used at all. Aragorn only uses it in Moria, shooting Goblins in the beginning of the Fight in Balin's Tomb and while fleeing the Bridge of Khazad-dûm. During these few scenes, Aragorn shows that, though he does not have the expert bow skill and speed that Legolas possesses, he is still an effective shooter when he successfully brings down two goblins through small cracks in the door.
In "The Two Towers" and "Return of the King" video games, Aragorn's missile weapon is his bow and arrows. In each case, Aragorn has 30 arrows.
Army of the Dead/Black Stone
Aragorn's final weapon is the Black Stone. He uses it once in The Return of the King to summon the Oathbreakers and defeat the Corsairs of Umbar. He is not shown using it in the movie adaptation.
In LOTR: Conquest, Aragorn's special, heavy attack is to summon the Army of the Dead.
In The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II, Aragorn's most powerful ability is to summon the Army of the Dead, which appears as four abnormally large, invincible ghost units, who can kill infantry almost instantly, though they are weak against buildings. The only units capable of doing any sort of damage to the Dead are heroes (and possibly siege engines), which even then get immediately wiped out.
House of Telcontar
|Kings of the
Reunited Kingdom
- Near the end of the first movie (The Fellowship of the Ring), in the scene where Aragorn fights the Uruk-hai Captain Lurtz, Aragorn uses his sword to deflect his Elvish dagger, which Lurtz threw at him after he stabbed him in the leg with it. This was not meant to happen as in the original script the knife was supposed to miss and hit the tree behind Aragorn, though the mask Lurtz's actor was wearing restricted his vision, causing him to miss his mark and throw the knife directly at Aragorn. Luckily he was able to use his sword to deflect the knife just in time. The director decided to keep that scene rather than the originally planned scene, as he did just barely manage to knock the dagger away.
- At one point, Viggo Mortensen is approached by one of the prouducers of The Hobbit film, asking him if he would like to reprise his role as Aragorn. Viggo replies that, "You do know, don't you, that Aragorn isn't in The Hobbit? That there is a 60-year gap between the books?"
- Aragorn is also descended from the House of Finwë, since Idril is his ancestor Elros' Grandmother, Turgon is his Grandfather, and Fingolfin is his Great-Grandfather.
|Preceded by:
Arathorn II
|16th Chieftain of the Dúnedain
|Followed by:
Assumed the Throne
|Preceded by:
|3rd King of all the Dúnedain
|Followed by:
|Preceded by:
Arathorn II
|16th Lord of the Dúnedain
|Followed by:
|Preceded by:
Arathorn II
|16th Heir of Isildur
|Followed by:
|Preceded by:
|King of the West
|Followed by:
|Preceded by:
Vacant, title last held by Isildur
|3rd High King of Gondor and Arnor
|Followed by:
|Preceded by:
Vacant, title last held by Eärnur
|35th King of Gondor
|Followed by:
|Preceded by:
Vacant, title last held by Arvedui, King of Arthedain
|26th King of Arnor
|Followed by:
|Preceded by:
|1st King of the Reunited Kingdom
|Followed by:
|Preceded by:
None, House and Title newly created
|Lord of the House of Telcontar
|Followed by:
|Chieftains of the Dúnedain
Aranarth | Arahael | Aranuir | Aravir | Aragorn I | Araglas | Arahad I | Aragost | Aravorn | Arahad II | Arassuil | Arathorn I | Argonui | Arador | Arathorn II | Aragorn II (Elessar)
|The Fellowship of the Ring
|Frodo · Sam · Merry · Pippin · Gandalf · Aragorn · Legolas · Gimli · Boromir
|Kings of Arnor & Kings of Arthedain
|Elendil | Isildur | Valandil | Eldacar | Arantar | Tarcil | Tarondor | Valandur | Elendur | Eärendur
|Restoration Period:
|Aragorn II Elessar | Eldarion
|Amlaith | Beleg | Mallor | Celepharn | Celebrindor | Malvegil | Argeleb I | Arveleg I | Araphor | Argeleb II | Arvegil | Arveleg II | Araval | Araphant | Arvedui
|Kings of Gondor
Elendil | Isildur | Meneldil | Cemendur | Eärendil | Anardil | Ostoher | Rómendacil I | Turambar | Atanatar I | Siriondil | Tarannon Falastur | Eärnil I | Ciryandil | Hyarmendacil I | Atanatar II Alcarin | Narmacil I | Calmacil | Rómendacil II | Valacar | Eldacar | Castamir the Usurper | Eldacar (restored) | Aldamir | Hyarmendacil II | Minardil | Telemnar | Tarondor | Telumehtar Umbardacil | Narmacil II | Calimehtar | Ondoher | Eärnil II | Eärnur | Aragorn II Elessar | Eldarion
|Lord of the Rings Wiki Featured articles
| People: Faramir · Sauron · Witch-king of Angmar · Gollum · Elrond · Frodo Baggins · Samwise Gamgee · Meriadoc Brandybuck · Peregrin Took · Gandalf · Aragorn II Elessar · Legolas Greenleaf · Gimli · Boromir · Galadriel · Elves · Hobbits
Locations: Gondor · Mordor · Middle-earth · Rohan
Other: Mithril · The Lord of the Rings Strategy Battle Game · The Fellowship of the Ring (novel) · Works inspired by J. R. R. Tolkien · The Lord of the Rings · The Lord of the Rings (1978 film) · Ainulindalë · Tolkien vs. Jackson · Tengwar · Quenya
- ↑ The Lord of the Rings
- ↑ The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring
- ↑ The Lord of the Rings: Appendix