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Joe Sakic's wrist shot could have put a hole through my body, but his words of wisdom never failed to fill my mind. I was so fortunate to cover his final season as a pro, so I always paid extremely close attention to all of his post-game quotes. One of these quips took place early last season before the back problems sidelined him for good. It has since resonated in my mind, as it is quickly becoming an important factor in the world of fantasy goaltending.
"Rest is a weapon..." he said. Although he meant that in a sort of joking, nonchalant manner, it was quite accurate.
Every goalie wants to play all 82 games, regardless of how tired they feel. But physical wear and tear leads to a lack of mental strength, which leads to lapses in focus and things like bad rebound control, weak goals and the inability to snap into a rhythm. So whether goalies like it or not, only the most elite are exempt from this law of human nature.
One of these elite masterminds is Evgeni Nabokov. He has played more minutes than any other goalie, a total of 1,314:28 to be exact. But he also has a stellar 2.16 GAA and a .926 save percentage in 22 games. That's simply outstanding and so impressive that, in my opinion, he's the most valuable fantasy goalie in the league. But what makes him so durable and capable of overcoming the pangs of a heavy workload? It is his unique playing style.
With a very narrow butterfly stance that almost makes him look like a stand-up goalie, Nabokov plays in a manner that doesn't force him to exert a lot of energy when making a lot of saves. Compared to the style of goalies like Pascal Leclaire, Antti Niemi or Ondrej Pavelec, Nabokov is quite refined. He's a veteran who understands the value of using a number of different save styles so that he only exerts as much energy as is needed to stop the puck. He relies on excellent positioning to get his core behind the puck and he doesn't get too high or too low emotionally. He's cool, calm and collected, a master of situational awareness. He plays the game from beyond the crease and recognizes the ebbs and flows of momentum. He knows when to turn on the jets and when to save gas for later.
At the end of the day, Nabokov may play a lot of games, but you won't notice it because he doesn't waste energy like the younger, more hybrid butterfly goalies. On the flip side, you can't go 20 minutes without guys like Leclaire or Pavelec making a strenuous-looking reaction or desperation-like save. Not that there's anything wrong with that, but over time it wears you down. Martin Brodeur and Chris Osgood are two other veterans that know how to conserve energy and play the position using a multitude of different save styles. This allows them to stay fresh and energetic for when they need it most. If you can stand up to make a save and still control the rebound, you are better than the one that makes a flashy save. It's about efficient footwork and making the save through the least amount of work.
When you look at the current schedule, the games are beginning to get more and more condensed. The following teams play four games this week: Anaheim, Boston, Calgary, Carolina, Colorado, Columbus, Dallas, Detroit, Edmonton, Florida, Nashville, NY Islanders, NY Rangers, Ottawa, Philadelphia, Phoenix, Pittsburgh and St. Louis. The rest of the teams play three games. It all comes to a boiling point when 20 teams play back-to-backs on Friday and Saturday night, mainly due to Thursday's Thanksgiving holiday. Let's hope the madness doesn't consume us all.
So why do some coaching staffs continue to overload their starters with so many games? Maybe they aren't confident in their backup. Maybe they're just unaware of the detrimental effect too many minutes in the first two months can have in an Olympic year. Maybe they are resigned to just letting the goalie call the shots. Regardless of the situation, you know it's different for each team and it ultimately doesn't matter.
The good news is that you can take control of the goalies on your fantasy team by benching and starting them at will. You have the power to control the minutes your goalies play. If more teams handled their goaltending like the Bruins, maybe you wouldn't see so many injuries, inflated statistics or inconsistent play from your own fantasy goalies.
Tuukka Rask has already played eight games this year and has a 5-2-1 record with a 2.31 GAA and .917 save percentage. Tim Thomas has played 14 games, has a 5-6-3 record but a 2.33 GAA and .918 save percentage. Now that's what I call managing minutes for an obvious Olympic goaltender. Thomas has not been over-worked but has played enough to turn around a rough start in a hurry as he's back into a quality rhythm.
Some teams may not have this luxury, however. Colorado, for example, obviously does not have a ton of confidence in Peter Budaj, thus Anderson is getting all of the minutes he can handle.
A few weeks ago, a segment I wrote titled Craig Anderson is Tired explained how his workload seemed excessive through the first 15 games. Things haven't changed at all, as he's only 1-3-1 in his last five games and has allowed 18 goals in that span. He has faced the most shots in the league at a total of 685. He has started every game for the Avs this year except two of them. Last season he played in 31 games altogether.
Looking closer at his play, the source of his struggle has been an inability to stay focused as the game goes on. He starts out with the usual outstanding energy and focus, but by the time the third period arrives, he's just not the same. And since Colorado plays four games this week - tonight against the Flyers, Wednesday against Nashville and then a back-to-back series against Minnesota over the weekend - if he plays three out of four, it's really one too many.
Regardless of the reasoning behind Anderson's heavy workload, the onus falls on Budaj to play better for the team and coaches. He needs to go guns-a-blazin' and exude some confidence so that the coaching staff can rely on his services more often. This is the only way Anderson is going to get some rest. But as long as Budaj has no confidence and fails to get into a rhythm because he's not playing very often, Anderson is going to fail to get some much-needed mental rest. Again, let me stress that it's not that Anderson is physically tired. It's more that sustaining solid mental strength, when facing so many shots in such a condensed schedule, is a lot easier said than done.
Khabibulin, who is currently out with back issues, owns a 33.4 shots-per-game average (602 in 18 games), which is the highest in the league. He's on a young team that had a very strong start to the season (6-2-1), but has since been suffering from injuries and illnesses. That has led to a major problem scoring goals. At this point, I am not sure how much time Khabibulin will miss, but with any type of back injury, it's usually a few more games than one would think.
Eighteen games may not seem like a lot through the first quarter of the season, but when you exert as much energy as Khabibulin does, it is no surprise he is suffering from being over-worked. The guy drinks more water than a wooly mammoth, has holes drilled in his skates and uses three sets of gloves every game. Just about every trick in the book to keep this guy hydrated has been employed, except for just benching him in a game he'd normally start.
Although it doesn't seem to be serious, Leclaire's "lower-body injury" was a very scary few days for his fantasy owners. It's reported that Brian Elliott will get the start tonight with Leclaire backing up. So while you breathe a sigh of relief, you can also take solace in the fact that Leclaire has only played in 16 games and has a decent 8-5-1 record. The stats are not great though - he only has a .901 save percentage and a 2.71 GAA so far this season.
But like I've said before, the problem with Leclaire's minutes is that his style lends a hand to injury proneness. He's not a big goalie by any means and makes himself smaller by using a compact, but wide butterfly stance. His knees and ankles sustain a lot of pressure due to this, something that is perpetuated by the fact he relies on his reflexes and agility to make a lot of saves. Because he exerts so much energy over the course of a game, he becomes more prone to struggling over the grueling 82-game schedule. To be honest, he's just not built to be a 70-75 game goalie.
Jon Quick is second in the league in minutes played (1309) and currently holds a 12-8-2 record with a 2.79 GAA and only a .894 save percentage. I have talked about Quick's style and struggles already, but I'm caught trying to figure out a real justifiable reason for why he's playing so many games.
It can't be because he is a proven starter like the elite goalies in the league – this is only his second season. Erik Ersberg is a quality goalie when he's actually used…he just needs to be used more. Quick has not had a lot of practice time due to the hectic schedule and young goalies need this more than most other goalies.
In conclusion, the foundation of an exhausted goaltender is not a matter of their skill-set weakening. It's more about their understanding of how to play the position on a nightly basis when you are expected to start close to 70 games. Goalies have to think, act and play differently. They have to find ways to conserve energy on and off the ice.
We all know the adage "Sound body, sound mind." The more you understand this aspect of goaltending, the better decisions you will make over the course of the season. Remember that we as fantasy managers have the power to manage a goalie's minutes. It might be difficult to bench a quality starter on certain nights, but you have to take quality starts over quantity, otherwise there are more chances to lose those categories.


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Monetizing Social Media
Social Media Consumer Data Presents New Opportunities for Email Targeting
October 31, 2011 | By Kristin Hersant
Every day, consumers are posting information to the social web that can be leveraged by marketers to refine the targeting of their campaigns, whether that be generating reviews, recommendations or comments in forums. They are also voluntarily sharing public information about their lifestyle preferences and interests that can be tapped for significantly better targeting across channels. In order to take advantage of this data, email marketers need to actively source and append their customer and prospect email databases with the wide array of social data that is available from a variety of sources.
Facebook has access to lifestyle and demographic information on over 800 million people worldwide. That's more than most traditional data providers will ever have. When you combine this information with data sourced from listening platforms and social data providers like Fliptop and Rapleaf, you can start to build rich subscriber profiles based on this high-value, self-reported information. StrongView offers a proprietary tool that enables you to append and then query off of this data, which is currently returning a 70% match rate simply using name and location. The match rate is even higher if you're appending off an email address as the primary key.
In addition to these tools and services, brands can also be direct and ask their customers for assistance in pairing the data. This can be accomplished with campaigns sent out from email and social media. Email subscribers can be asked to connect with your brand on Twitter, Facebook and other networks. Similarly, members of a brand's social networks can be encouraged to opt-in to their email communications. Enabling Facebook Connect and Twitter Sign-on capabilities, as well as promoting Facebook applications can be another way to access this data. Chances are your social media team is investing in building Facebook apps to drive brand engagement. Are you getting access to the data that they receive through that process?
Instead of leaving social media marketing to the brand marketers, email marketers need to collaborate with their brand counterparts and look for opportunities to leverage the massive amounts of data on the social web to learn more about their email subscribers. By collecting social data, appending it to your database and leveraging it to increase the relevancy of your messaging, you can exponentially improve the performance of your campaigns across every channel.
Posted by: Kristin Hersant at 10:15 AM
Categories: social media, email targeting, Facebook, Twitter
1 Comments
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26mi235 wrote:The used to do the 220 yard hurdles when I was in high school (mid-60s). I think it is one of the WRs by Jesse Owens in his "Top 45 minutes of track and field history".
WikipediaOwens's greatest achievement came in a span of 45 minutes on May 25, 1935, during the Big Ten meet at Ferry Field in Ann Arbor, Michigan, where he set three world records and tied a fourth. He equaled the world record for the 100 yard dash (9.4 seconds); and set world records in the long jump (26 ft 8 1⁄4 in or 8.13 m, a world record that would last 25 years); 220-yard (201.2 m) sprint (20.3 seconds); and 220-yard (201.2m) low hurdles (22.6 seconds, becoming the first to break 23 seconds).[4] In 2005, University of Central Florida professor of sports history Richard C. Crepeau chose these wins on one day as the most impressive athletic achievement since 1850
I graduated HS in 1962...and they were doing the 180 yard Low Hurdles then in HS.
I think the collegiates and the open races were run at 220 yards!
They ran the 110H and 400H too, but only on the world stage (OG, CG, EC, etc).
And the women were still doing 80H then!!
And weren't the 180's...if not the 220's...run all on the straightaway then??


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Chelsea Smith was walking through Walmart with her baby boy Clayton when an elderly lady stopped and asked if she could pray for her son. full story..
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ROB SPEAR: "It's gaining momentum"
Preliminary rendering courtesy UI Athletics Dept.
Posted Jan 15, 2013
WE'VER HEARD OF A NEW EVENTS CENTER BEING DISCUSSED on the University of Idaho campus since 2006, with frustratingly little movement over the years to get it done. But that may be changing. Inside this article - the first of a 3-part series with Idaho AD Rob Spear - we discuss the scope of the project, at least one target date, the steps needed to get it moving, and its impact on the UI campus.
EDITOR'S NOTE: Normally our interviews require a subscription to read. However, the evolution of Idaho's athletic program during this era of continuous realignment among the nation's Division 1A institutions is cause for pause, and now more than ever Idaho fans need to see what options are becoming available and being explored in Moscow. Moreover, last summer Idaho announced the largest capital campaign in the history of the University, yet no provisions were included to either expand the football stadium or build an Events Center that would become the home of Vandal basketball – both of which are in the University's current Master Facilities Plan, and are at the head of discussions whenever realignment is discussed.
That position may be changing.
We recently met with University of Idaho Athletics Director Dr. Rob Spear, and he spoke very openly about topics concerning Facilities (this installment, focused primarily on basketball), Conference Realignment (Part 2), and the hiring of
Paul Petrino
as Idaho's new head football coach (Part 3). It was a very candid discussion, and we thank Dr. Spear for granting us this view into his program, the issues confronting him today, and the various plans being considered to expand and grow Vandal athletics.
PAT HAUGE: You've stated in many of our interviews over the years that one of your major goals is to get basketball out of the dome. Currently, there is a lot of attention on Vandal football and conference realignment, but what is the status of the Events Center planning? Is it still a top priority for you?
ROB SPEAR: "Absolutely, it's a top priority and we are making some progress. The President is currently assembling a committee to review the construction of an events center on this campus, and to make sure that we have all different groups represented. We are close to finalizing a deal with an architect to put together a conceptual design and cost estimate for a new events center that will be put together based on input from the committee that the president is establishing. That is getting some traction and moving forward.
"I think I shared with you before some of the plans for expanding the capacity of the dome [for football]. That is something that is still going to be on the list, and we were very fortunate to get both of those projects on the State Board of Education six year plan last August. Those have been identified as priorities so that we can move forward, but the number one thing is the Events Center so we can basketball out of the dome, which would increase our flexibility for doing something different for the Dome for football."
PH: Can you clarify for our readers what exactly being on the six-year plan means? Does that mean that you have alerted the SBOE that the University intends to build a facility in the next six years?
RS: "Basically, as you said, we have alerted the State Board of Education that we may come forward in the next six years with a formal plan to begin this project. The board was tired of institutions showing up at these meetings and all of a sudden there would be an agenda item for a building that was going to be constructed, and the money was raised and was moving forward, and it was the first time that they heard about it and they felt compelled to automatically approve it. They wanted a six-year plan that is intended to make institutions identify facility projects so that the SBOE is at least aware of them, so when an institution shows up we can say, 'This is on our six-year plan, you are aware of this, and this is how we will move forward.' That's what it is."
PLAN VIEW: The drawing above shows the new Events Center in relation to the Kibbie Dome and Idaho Avenue. The facility will be located on the north lawn of the dome, and will share the concourse with the north grand stands of the dome. The current plan is for a 6,000 seat facility that will host concerts, graduations, trade shows, and other events for the University of Idaho campus and the community.
PH: Does that mean that Idaho would have the facility built in six years, or started?
RS: "No. It has nothing to do with when it will be built. It has nothing to do with that at all. The six year plan goes to the SBOE for review and approval every year in August. Projects can be added and deleted to the list based on institutional priorities. So, no, there is no correlation between the six year plan and when something would be built."
PH: Okay. It's just giving the SBOE a window into what you guys are thinking about building.
RS: "Right. We are making them aware of the possibility of this happening."
PH: Would the University start construction of a new facility for basketball even though conference realignment is still ongoing?
RS: "Yes."
PH: Realignment has no impact on that?
RS: "My opinion is we have to control what we can control. It doesn't matter what conference we're in. That events center is a need, and it's a need not only for our athletic program but for this entire campus."
PH: Is the Events Center something the U of I would undertake while the current Inspiring Futures campaign is underway, and why was it not on the original campaign?
RS: "I can answer the first part. Yes, I think they would. The Events Center was not part of the original campaign because the Dome premium seat project was determined to be the facility priority for athletics. Even though we would have liked to have had the Events Center as part of the Inspiring Futures campaign, it was not part of the original plan of the campaign. What happened then doesn't matter now though, because it has some momentum now, which would help the University's achievement of that overall $225 million goal, if we get involved and start fund raising for it before the campaign ends."
PH: Is this a project that President Nellis and Chris Murray support?
RS: "Yes. I've had conversations with the President. I haven't had any recent conversations with Chris Murray, but the answer is yes."
PH: Great. When would you expect to approach the State Board of Education about entering the detailed planning phase?
RS: "I wish I could tell you an exact date. A lot of it is going to be dependent upon us entering into an agreement with the architect to do the conceptual design and put the cost estimates together. That's going to be all contingent upon getting this committee formed, and of course the availability of some of these committee members, so you can have some productive meetings and get it done.
"I would like to think we could move on it quickly, but I can't put a time on it. I would really hope – and I'm probably being overly optimistic with this – but I would like to see this get to the state board in May."
PH: Previously, back in 2007, the Events Center was estimated to be about a $70 million facility. Can you talk about where you are today with the facility, as far as cost and scope?
RS: "The Events Center would have a capacity of 6,000 seats. That is the sweet spot. The architects keep telling us that if we have an events center, the ideal capacity is 5,000 to 8,000 seats because that is the size of venues that current popular bands and music groups like to play in. I think that fits us well, when we are right between two big college campuses, to maximize the economic impact on the community and the campus.
PRELIMINARY ARCHITECTURAL RENDERING: The new
Events Center is planned to seat 6,000 fans for basketball, in the first dedicated home for Vandal basketball in decades.
"So that is the size and the scope we are planning around for the Events Center.
"The other thing we've talked about is the expansion of the dome and the seating in there – new seating that would be cantilevered out on both the north and the south grandstands, and adding seating in both end zones."
Looking at the east wall of the Kibbie Dome. This view shows the addition of balconies on the north and south sideline running the length of the field, and east endzone seating under the existing trusses. The balconies hold 1,440 seats on each sideline, adding a total of 2,880 new seats. Another 1,890 seats are added to the east endzone. On the west end (not shown), 2,500-3,500 new seats would be added, taking the capacity up to 22,000 (or more). Additional expansion (beyond the plan discussed here) could take the capacity up to 27,000 or more.
PH: Do you have a cost estimate to complete both projects?
RS: "The plan is we can probably get both of those projects finished for $50 million."
PH: So that puts the Events Center at about $20 to $25 million?
RS: "Correct. Plus, those seating additions that you've seen for the dome [adding cantilevered seating on the sidelines, and seating in the end zones to get capacity up to 22,000 seats or more - this does NOT include a dig down], we are talking about $20 to $22 million for that project."
PH: There have been comments on our message boards that the Events Center could be expanded. Can you explain how it would be expanded to 8,000 seats?
RS: "As part of our planning process we will ask those questions of the architect. We want flexibility, but we also need to control costs so the final cost doesn't scare people away.
PH: Is that something that this committee is going to look at, to determine if 6,000 seats is enough capacity as the University of Idaho moves forward towards its goal of 16,000 students on the Moscow campus?
RS: "Since 2006 we have been through a number of studies, and we really think the 6,000 number is right. You can have a 10,000 seat facility, and when you have 4,000 people in it, it seems empty. We think 6,000 is the right number. A lot of people probably think that's not enough, but what it does is, if you become successful, it creates demand. I think you want to create demand, and I think that the 6,000 size is about the right size because I think you can create demand.
"We could plan for a 10,000 seat arena, but it's going to increase costs – it's going to drive the costs up. Let's get something that's manageable and doable, and let's go with it. Let's make it better.
"Look, this whole facility planning process has been challenging. I have had to work with 4 different Presidents, deal with the Idaho Place fiasco, two U.S economic collapses, and devote countless hours addressing continuously changing conference realignment issues. I want something done, and something the entire campus can get behind. This facility is so important to the future of our basketball program. Our basketball coaches have done a great job, but they need a true home for basketball. When the Dome is setup for basketball it is a good facility, but we need a year-round facility. This would also help football and indoor track, because they would essentially have a year round facility as well."
PH: Despite the substantial reduction in cost estimates for the basketball facility, does it still fulfill all of your needs? Are there some things that would still need to be added to it in the future, or is this just purely a difference in building costs and building techniques?
RS: "I think the difference is building costs, and certainly building techniques. It's going to be a good looking building. But, current building costs, size of the arena, and actual construction methods are driving the new estimates. However, all the estimates right now are very elementary, which is why it is important to take the next step and get a formal design and cost estimate."
PH: Is there still a plan for a practice basketball court? Would you have practice facilities for basketball as part of this building?
RS: "This is very important, and the plan intends to include a practice gym."
PH: Is part of the committee plan, or objective, to lay out how the building would be funded?
RS: "The committee will evaluate all funding options, but the emphasis will be on private support."
POINT OF REFERENCE: The Idaho Events Center will likely be modeled very similar to the new 6,000 seat arena that
built, the McCarthey Center.
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Jan 6, 2013
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Jan 3, 2013
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Dec 30, 2012
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Author Affiliations: Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, and Children's Medical Center, Dallas (Drs Brotanek and Flores); St Andrew's School, Boca Raton, Florida (Ms Gosz); and Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York (Dr Weitzman).
To examine secular trends in iron deficiency among US children 1 to 3 years old.
Secular trend analyses of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey II-IV.
Large-scale national survey conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics from 1976 to 2002.
US children 1 to 3 years old.
Outcome Measure
Prevalence of iron deficiency.
Between 1976 and 2002, there was no change in iron deficiency prevalence in US toddlers. Iron deficiency prevalence remained unchanged in Hispanic and white toddlers but decreased among black toddlers.
Across all 3 survey waves, racial/ethnic disparities in iron deficiency persisted between Hispanic and white toddlers, with a disparity ratio of at least 2. Iron deficiency prevalence remained high (20%-24%)
in overweight toddlers, significantly higher than in those at risk for overweight (11%) and in normal weight or underweight toddlers (8%). Iron deficiency prevalence decreased from 22% to 9% in toddlers in poor households but remained unchanged in toddlers in nonpoor households (7%). In multivariable analyses, Hispanic, younger, and overweight toddlers had higher odds of iron deficiency.
Despite the decline in iron deficiency prevalence among 1-year-old,
black, and poor children, iron deficiency prevalence in US toddlers overall has not changed in the last 26 years and remains elevated in certain high-risk groups: Hispanic, younger, and overweight toddlers.
Efforts to reduce the prevalence of iron deficiency in infancy and early childhood are urgently needed and should target high-risk groups.
Iron-deficiency anemia in infancy and early childhood is associated with impaired neurodevelopment, resulting in learning difficulties,1,2 socioemotional problems,3 and lower scores on mental and motor development tests4,5; evidence is accumulating that these effects appear to be long lasting.3- 8 Several studies also indicate an association between iron deficiency without anemia and adverse effects on neurocognitive development4,9- 11; however, evidence on the adverse consequences of iron deficiency without anemia remains limited. In the United States, iron deficiency is the most common childhood nutritional deficiency.12 The prevalence of iron deficiency without anemia is markedly higher than the prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia;
therefore, the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency hold promise for a significant public health impact. Children in their first year of life are at an especially high risk of iron deficiency, as infants'
iron stores at birth are depleted during this period of rapid growth.9,13 Although iron deficiency prevalence is higher in developing countries, a substantial iron deficiency prevalence continues to exist in the United States, especially among toddlers and young women.14,15 One Healthy People 2010 objective is to reduce iron deficiency in 1- to 2-year-old children to 5% (compared with the 1988-1994 baseline prevalence of 9%) and in 3- to 4-year-old children to 1% (compared with the 1988-1994 baseline prevalence of 4%).16
Improvements in infant nutrition in the United States during the past 30 years, including introduction of iron-fortified formulas and cereals, have led to a decreased prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia in the first year of life.17 Despite these changes, however, the prevalence of iron deficiency and anemia remains relatively high among low-income, preschool-age children.18 A few studies have demonstrated a decline in the prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia among middle-class populations of toddlers19 (herein, toddlers refers to children 12-47 months old, and infants to those < 12 months old20) and toddlers in certain states.21,22 In contrast, other research has documented a persistently high iron deficiency prevalence among high-risk groups of toddlers, including poor, minority, and overweight children. In 2002, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported an iron deficiency prevalence of 7% for children 1 to 2 years old from all income levels, whereas the prevalence of iron deficiency was 17% for 1- to 2-year-old Mexican American children and 12% for 1- to 2-year-old children in low-income households.23 In the United States, the prevalence of iron deficiency was found to be 6% among white toddlers, 8% among black toddlers, and 17% among Mexican American toddlers in another study.24 An iron deficiency prevalence of 20% has been found among overweight children 1 to 3 years old in the United States.25
No studies, however, have examined national secular trends in iron deficiency among US toddlers. The objective of this study was to examine secular trends in iron deficiency among US children 1 to 3 years old overall and in groups at high risk for iron deficiency,
including poor, minority, and overweight toddlers.
The data source was the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) II-IV, a large-scale national survey conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics26- 29; NHANES II spans the years 1976 through 1980; NHANES III, 1988
through 1994; and NHANES IV, 1999 through 2002. The first survey wave,
NHANES I (1971-1974), was not analyzed, because it contains an inadequate sample size of toddlers (N = 54). Participants in NHANES are asked to complete an extensive household interview and an examination in a mobile health center. In all 3 survey waves, results were weighted to adjust for nonresponse and to provide national estimates.30
The NHANES II included a nationwide probability sample of 27 801
persons 6 months to 74 years old. The overall response rate was 73%.
Of the total sample, 25 286 persons were interviewed and 20 322
were examined.28 Administered from 1988 through 1994 in 2 phases of equal length and sample size, NHANES III included 33 994 persons. The household interview response rate was 86%, and the medical examination response rate was 78%.29 The National Center for Health Statistics released public use data from the continuous NHANES in 2-year groupings:
NHANES 1999-2000 and NHANES 2001-2002. For NHANES 1999-2000, 12 160
persons were selected, 9965 (82%) were interviewed, and 10 477
(80%) were examined.26 For NHANES 2001-2002, 13 156 persons were selected, 11 039 (84%) were interviewed, and 10 477 (80%) were examined.27
Survey instruments were available in Spanish and English for NHANES III and IV; NHANES II, however, was not translated into Spanish.
In this wave, the primary language spoken at home was ascertained instead of parental interview language. In NHANES III, questionnaires were translated into Spanish and checked for accuracy in both languages during pretests.29 In NHANES IV, questionnaires were translated into Spanish and administered in computer-assisted personal interview format along with the English versions.26,27 Although NHANES uses written Spanish translations of surveys, the translations have never been examined systematically or tested for validity via independent back-translations by qualified translators.31
Independent variables analyzed included age and gender. Socioeconomic status was dichotomized as below the federal poverty threshold vs at or above the federal poverty threshold, based on family size and the federal poverty threshold at the time of the survey.26- 29 The children's race/ethnicity included non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, and Hispanic. Because of small sample sizes, Asian/Pacific Islander, Native American, other, and multiple race/ethnic groups were excluded from analyses. Other independent variables analyzed included weight-for-height status (using age- and gender-specific weight-for-length percentiles, with at risk for overweight defined as a weight-for-length status in the 85th to 94th percentile and overweight defined as a weight-for-length status at or above the 95th percentile [body mass index was not used because only weight-for-length measurements were available for children 1 to 3 years old]); primary language spoken at home (English vs a non-English language) in NHANES II; parental interview language (English vs a non-English language) in NHANES III and IV; birth weight (< 2500 vs ≥ 2500 g); and blood lead level (≥ 10 vs < 10 μg/dL [to convert to μmol/L,
multiply by 0.0483]). It was not possible to include caretaker educational attainment and bottle-feeding duration, since these variables were not included or made publicly available in all survey waves. Daycare and/or preschool attendance was not included because of small sample sizes in NHANES II. Laboratory values were measured using standard measurement assays, the details of which have been provided elsewhere.32
For NHANES III and IV, we used definitions of iron deficiency and anemia from a prior analysis of anemia prevalence in NHANES III.13,33 The diagnosis of iron deficiency was based on 3 laboratory tests of iron status: transferrin saturation,
free erythrocyte protoporphyrin, and serum ferritin. An individual was considered iron deficient if any 2 of these 3 values were abnormal for age and gender. For 1- to 2-year-old children, cutoff values for iron status tests were less than 10% transferrin saturation, less than 10 μg/L serum ferritin, and greater than 1.42 μmol/L red blood cells erythrocyte protoporphyrin. For 3-year-old children, cutoff values were less than 12% transferrin saturation, less than 10 μg/L serum ferritin, and greater than 1.24 μmol/L red blood cells erythrocyte protoporphyrin. For NHANES II, a different standard was used, as serum ferritin was not measured in 1- to 2-year-old children. Instead, the mean corpuscular (MCV) model was used, in which MCV, rather than ferritin,
is the third of the 3 iron status indicators; this model was developed specifically for use with NHANES by an expert scientific working group.34 Mean corpuscular volume cutoff values are less than 73 fL for 3-year-old children and less than 75 fL for 2-year-old children.
In bivariate analyses, iron deficiency prevalence was determined for toddlers in different risk categories of each independent variable.
Differences in prevalence estimates were compared across the 3 surveys using the Pearson χ2 test. To account for the complex NHANES design, the χ2 statistic was turned into an F statistic with noninteger df using a second-order Rao and Scott correction.35,36
The SAS software, version 9.1 (SAS Institute Inc, Cary, North Carolina), was used for all analyses. Sample weights were applied to account for unequal probabilities of selection, oversampling, and nonresponse, and to estimate SEs using the Taylor series linearization method. χ2 Tests were used to test for differences in proportions, and logistic regression was used for multivariable analyses. Only those independent variables significant in bivariate analyses during any given NHANES year or with significant secular trends across all 3 survey waves were entered into a pair of forced multivariable models (without/with primary language spoken at home)
in which the outcome variable was iron deficiency.
Selected sociodemographic features of the study population are summarized in Table 1. In all 3 NHANES waves, about one-third of US children 1 to 3 years old fell into each of the 3 age groups studied. About one-quarter of toddlers lived in poor households in NHANES II and about one-third lived in poor households in NHANES III and IV. Of the 2201 toddlers in NHANES II, 61% were white, 9% were Hispanic, and 17% were black. Of the 3875
toddlers in NHANES III, 32% were white, 37% were Hispanic, and 30%
were black. Of the 1641 toddlers in NHANES IV, 30% were white, 39%
were Hispanic, and 26% were black. The parental interview language was a non-English language for 14% of NHANES II interviews, 18% of NHANES III interviews, and 16% of NHANES IV interviews. Six percent of children 1 to 3 years old in NHANES II, 7% in NHANES III, and 8%
in NHANES IV were overweight. About half of the toddlers in all 3
NHANES waves were female, and less than 2% to 7% had a lead level greater than 10 μg/dL. Eight percent of toddlers in NHANES II,
8% in NHANES III, and 11% in NHANES IV had a low birth weight.
Between 1976 and 2002, there was no statistically significant change in iron deficiency prevalence in US children 1 to 3 years old (Table 2). The prevalence of iron deficiency was 10% and 8% in NHANES II and NHANES IV, respectively.
Among 1-year-old children, iron deficiency prevalence decreased from 23% in 1976-1980 to 12% in 1999-2002 (P = .02).
In 2- and 3-year-old children, however, there was no change in iron deficiency prevalence. The significant difference in iron deficiency prevalence between 1- and 2- to 3-year-old children in 1976-1980 diminished by 1988-1994 and then disappeared in 1999-2002 (Figure 1).
Secular trends in iron deficiency prevalence by age among US children 1 to 3 years old. NHANES indicates National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; *, P < .005 for differences between 1-year-old children and other age groups; †, P = .02
for secular trend, 1976 to 2002.
Iron deficiency prevalence decreased from 22% to 9% in 1- to 3-year-old children in poor households (P = .02), but remained unchanged, at 7%, in toddlers in nonpoor households (Table 2; Figure 2). The marked elevation in iron deficiency prevalence in NHANES II for poor toddlers disappeared in NHANES III and IV (Figure 2).
Secular trends in iron deficiency prevalence by poverty status among US children 1 to 3 years old. NHANES indicates National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; *, P < .001 for difference between toddlers in households below the federal poverty threshold vs those in households at or above the federal poverty threshold; †, P = .02 for secular trend, 1976 to 2002.
In Hispanic and white children 1 to 3 years old, there was no significant change in iron deficiency prevalence between NHANES II and IV, but the prevalence decreased among black toddlers from 16%
to 6% (P = .006) (Figure 3). In each NHANES wave, racial/ethnic disparities in iron deficiency prevalence persisted between Hispanic and white toddlers, with a disparity ratio of about 2 during all 26
years (P < .03) (Figure 3). In contrast, black toddlers experienced a sharp decline in iron deficiency prevalence over time.
Toddlers of parents interviewed in a non-English language had a significantly higher iron deficiency prevalence than toddlers of parents interviewed in an English language, except in NHANES II (Figure 4).
Secular trends in iron deficiency prevalence by race/ethnicity among US children 1 to 3 years old. NHANES indicates National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; *, P < .05 for differences between Hispanic and white toddlers; †, P = .006
for secular trend, 1976 to 2002.
Secular trends in iron deficiency prevalence by parental interview language/primary language spoken at home among US children 1 to 3 years old. NHANES indicates National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; *, P ≤ .01 for difference between the 2 groups.
Iron deficiency rates were consistently and substantially higher among overweight toddlers (20%-25%) compared with both toddlers at risk for overweight and normal weight or underweight toddlers (Figure 5). In NHANES III, iron deficiency prevalence was significantly higher among low–birth weight toddlers vs those with a birth weight of 2500 g or greater (Figure 6). No significant secular trends in iron deficiency were observed among different categories of birth weight, lead level, or gender.
Secular trends in iron deficiency prevalence by weight-for-height status among US children 1 to 3 years old. NHANES indicates National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey;
*, P < .03 for difference between overweight and normal/underweight toddlers.
Secular trends in iron deficiency prevalence by birth weight among US children 1 to 3 years old. NHANES indicates National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; *, P = .01 for difference between the 2
In multivariate analyses, Hispanic ethnicity, poverty, younger age, and overweight status were associated with significantly greater adjusted odds of iron deficiency (Table 3, model 1). Hispanic children were 2 times more likely to be iron deficient than white children. Two- and 3-year-old children were more than 3 times less likely than 1-year-old children to have iron deficiency. Children in poor households were 1.4 times more likely to be iron deficient than children in nonpoor households. Overweight toddlers had triple the odds of iron deficiency vs normal weight or underweight toddlers. Poverty was no longer significantly associated with iron deficiency after adjustment for parental interview language/primary language spoken at home, though there was a nonsignificant trend toward greater odds for toddlers in poor households (Table 3, model 2).
This study comprehensively examined national secular trends in iron deficiency prevalence among US children 1 to 3 years old.
Findings reveal that there has been no significant change in iron deficiency prevalence among US toddlers during the past 26 years,
with rates ranging from 8% to 10%. Although low in comparison to the worldwide prevalence of iron deficiency, the persistently high iron deficiency prevalence in US toddlers may be due to recent increases in overweight and in Hispanic toddlers, who are at high risk of iron deficiency.24,25 Hispanic children are the largest minority group of children in the United States, numbering more than 15 million and comprising more than 20%
of children younger than 18 years.37 In addition, between 1976 and 2002, the prevalence of overweight in US children doubled.38 The data suggest that health education and public health programs have not been reaching toddlers at high risk of iron deficiency.
Since 1976, iron deficiency prevalence has decreased in certain subgroups of US children: 1-year-old children, black toddlers, and those living in poor households. Iron deficiency prevalence declined from 23% to 12% in 1-year-old children, but the prevalence is still higher than the Healthy People 2010 target of 5%. These data are consistent with national surveillance data from the 1980s, documenting a decline in the prevalence of iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anemia among children during the first year of life.39,40 This decline followed the introduction of guidelines to fortify infant formula and foods with iron in the late 1960s and the emergence of the national Women, Infants and Children Program in the 1970s.41,42 An emphasis on breastfeeding and delayed introduction of cow's milk may have contributed to the decline in iron-deficiency anemia among children during their first year of life.42- 44 Despite these improvements in infant nutrition, our findings indicate that there has been no change in iron deficiency prevalence in 2- to 3-year-old children between 1976 and 2002. After weaning from breast milk or formula, children's nutrition may be inadequate owing to nutritional practices, such as excessive cow's milk intake, prolonged bottle-feeding,
diets poor in iron-rich foods, and junk food consumption.45,46
Between 1976 and 2002, iron deficiency prevalence decreased from 22% to 9% in poor toddlers, but remained about the same in toddlers in households at or above the federal poverty threshold. In several studies, poverty has been identified as a risk factor for childhood iron deficiency.45,47,48 Our findings of declining rates of iron deficiency among poor US toddlers since 1976 are consistent with studies published in the 1980s documenting improvements in nutritional status among low-income children.49,50 Iron deficiency decreased among black toddlers from 16% to 6% between 1976 and 2002. This is the first study (to our knowledge) to document such a marked decline in iron deficiency prevalence in black toddlers. This is consistent with data from 2 studies documenting a lower prevalence of severe iron deficiency in the late 1990s among African Americans.51,52 This marked decline in iron deficiency prevalence among black toddlers has been attributed to implementation of the Women, Infants and Children Program, which targets poor households and provides food supplements to income-eligible families.53,54 Enrollment in the Women,
Infants and Children Program grew dramatically in the 1970s and 1980s,
with predominantly blacks and whites enrolled before 1992.54 These improvements in childhood nutrition are a testament to the concerted effort of the pediatric community in the 1970s to educate parents about improved infant feeding practices to prevent iron deficiency.50,55,56
Iron deficiency prevalence remains unchanged in Hispanic and overweight toddlers. In contrast to black toddlers, Hispanic toddlers did not experience a statistically significant decrease in iron deficiency prevalence between 1976 and 2002. Indeed, there was a significant disparity in iron deficiency prevalence between Hispanic and white toddlers that persisted across all 26 years, with a consistent disparity ratio of 2:1. The persistence of iron deficiency among Hispanic toddlers may be due to cultural influences contributing to prolonged bottle-feeding and excessive milk intake, important risk factors for iron deficiency.
Hispanic toddlers have high rates of prolonged bottle feeding, which is associated with iron deficiency,24,57 and a recent study showed that Mexican American parents often lack essential knowledge regarding infant feeding practices and iron deficiency, including when to stop bottle-feeding, how much milk to give to children older than 1 year,
and health problems caused by prolonged bottle-feeding.58 Our study findings suggest that efforts to improve iron intake in Hispanic children should include nutritional education in clinics on healthy infant feeding practices and community-based interventions based on a comprehensive assessment of infant feeding beliefs, knowledge, and behaviors among Hispanic parents. Cultural influences contributing to prolonged bottle-feeding and excessive cow's milk intake have also been described among Southeast Asian and Hmong toddlers.58- 60 Culturally sensitive programs that bridge language and cultural barriers are needed to improve early childhood nutrition and decrease iron deficiency prevalence among Hispanic and other minority groups.61
Overweight children have triple the odds of iron deficiency compared with normal weight or underweight children. From 1976 to 2002, iron deficiency prevalence remained consistently high for overweight toddlers, at 20% to 24%. During this period, the prevalence of overweight among US children continued to increase. Among 2- to 5-year-old children,
overweight prevalence increased from 7% in 1988-1994 to 10% in 1999-2000.62 Given the substantial increase in overweight in recent decades, the study findings suggest that the number of cases of iron deficiency and anemia could also substantially rise. Because it occurs in 1 in 5 overweight toddlers,25 iron deficiency should be added to the list of overweight comorbidities,
and screening for iron deficiency and nutritional counseling should be considered for all overweight toddlers.
Certain study limitations should be noted. Analyses of iron deficiency among Native American and Asian and Pacific Islander toddlers were not possible because of small sample sizes. Certain known risk factors for iron deficiency, such as prolonged bottle-feeding and low maternal educational attainment, could not be analyzed, since NHANES data are no longer collected for these key measures. Finally,
secular trends could only be examined through 2002, because the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention no longer collect transferrin saturation and erythrocyte protoporphyrin measurements in 1- to 2-year-old children and are using a new measure of iron deficiency, the ratio of serum transferrin receptor to ferritin, beginning with NHANES 2003-2004.
This ratio has been shown to be a useful tool for estimating total body iron stores.63,64 However, more work is needed to validate the use of serum transferrin receptor and to establish age-specific reference ranges for this new measure in children.64- 70 We suggest that NHANES reintroduce the ferritin model and resume collection of transferrin saturation and erythrocyte protoporphyrin in 1- to 2-year-old children, while keeping serum transferrin receptor.
In this way, it would be possible to monitor iron deficiency in all US children using a well-founded method, while studying serum transferrin receptor and correlations with established iron indicators. Unless an effective and useful national surveillance mechanism is in place to ensure continuous monitoring and evaluation of iron status in US toddlers, it will be difficult, if not impossible, to reach the Healthy People 2010 objectives.
In conclusion, although there has been a decline in the prevalence of iron deficiency among 1-year-old, black, and poor children in the United States, iron deficiency prevalence among US toddlers has not changed in the last 26 years and remains elevated in certain high-risk populations. Hispanic, 1-year-old, and overweight toddlers continue to have a particularly high iron deficiency prevalence relative to other groups in the United States. New approaches, including community-based outreach efforts, educational programs in clinics, policy changes,
modified screening practices,71 and public health initiatives, are needed to address the problem of iron deficiency in all US children and especially in high-risk groups.
Concerted efforts by government agencies, schools, daycares, physicians,
and the Women, Infants and Children Program will be instrumental in effecting these changes. If the Healthy People 2010 objective for iron deficiency is to be reached, efforts to reduce childhood iron deficiency prevalence are urgently needed.
Correspondence: Jane M. Brotanek,
MD, MPH, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-9063 (email@example.com).
Accepted for Publication: November 10, 2007.
Author Contributions: Dr Brotanek had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Study concept and design: Brotanek, Flores, and Weitzman. Acquisition of data: Brotanek and Gosz. Analysis and interpretation of data: Brotanek, Gosz, Flores, and Weitzman. Drafting of the manuscript: Brotanek, Gosz, and Flores. Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Brotanek, Flores, Gosz, and Weitzman. Statistical Analysis: Brotanek, Gosz, and Flores. Obtained funding: Brotanek and Flores. Administrative,
technical, or material support: Flores. Study supervision: Brotanek and Flores
Financial Disclosure: None reported.
Funding/Support: This study was supported in part by a grant from the Robert Wood Johnson Physician Faculty Scholars Program.
Previous Presentations: This study was presented in part at the annual meetings of the Pediatric Academic Societies, May 5, 2007, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; AcademyHealth, June 3, 2007, Orlando, Florida; and American Public Health Association,
November 4, 2007, Washington, DC.
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Agents of SWING is a FATE-powered Spy-Fi adventure game in which you take on the part of secret agents, working throughout the world in the 1960s and 70s to avert catastrophe, punish evildoers and stop the two superpowers from annihilating each other.
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A familiar enemy and a new threat stand against them, each with their own ideology but are they truly allies and can SWING prevent the revolution going nuclear?


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Bowie - southern half: Synopsis
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Code strategies for mixed occupancy buildings: tables
The code application options for mixed occupancy buildings, when applied strategically, can minimize the amount of fire-resistance-rated construction required by code.
These examples are designed to provide building users with a more concrete example of what can be done out in the field.
Mahoney is an associate in Arup's Washington, D.C., office. He has extensive experience in applying the fire protection and life safety aspects of the codes and standards to various building types and occupancies.
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These case studies provide examples of how knowledgeable solution providers have used technology, processes and people to create effective and successful implementations in real-world situations. Case studies can be completed by filling out a simple online form where you can outline the project title, abstract, and full story in 1500 words or less; upload photos, videos and a logo.
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Ranked among the top ten regional universities in the Midwest, the University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point offers a top quality education across a wide range of nationally recognized programs. Students from 35 states and over 38 countries choose to make Stevens Point their new home each year, and their reasons for coming are as diverse as the majors we offer. We are a leader in environmental initiatives with a nationally recognized college of natural resources within one of the greenest colleges in the nation, according to the Princeton Review. We offer highly competitive pre-professional and biological science programs. Fine arts, education, health science, health promotion, communications and business are also highly popular here. Located in one of the safest and scenic areas of the country, you'll enjoy an extraordinarily high quality of life and a wide variety of extracurricular activities. Apply now!
Consistently named one of the top Public Midwestern Universities-Master's in U.S. News and World Report's College Rankings, UWSP offers over 120 undergrad program choices.
Located in Central Wisconsin, the Stevens Point area is home to 62,000 people and features outstanding recreational areas including parks, lakes, streams; the 24-mile Green Circle Trail for biking, hiking, and jogging; numerous cultural festivals, live music/entertainment venues, restaurants, coffee shops, and shopping locations.
UWSP is a midsized public university located in the heart of Wisconsin. As such, you can expect a safe and friendly campus when you get here. Explore these links or, better yet, come and visit!
UWSP is an NCAA Division III school, belongs to the Wisconsin Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (WIAC), and the Northern Collegiate Hockey Association (NCHA). We have 9 men's sports and 11 women's sports. The entire program ranked 9th last year among all 441 NCAA Division III schools.
A degree at UWSP is a quality education that you can afford.
UWSP is designated a "Military Friendly School." We serve approximately 300 veterans each academic year.


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Chiefs head coach Whisenhunt fired?
Report: Andy Reid close to deal with Chiefs
A deal between former Eagles coach Andy Reid and the Kansas City Chiefs is imminent, according to USA Today.
Reid was scheduled to meet with the Chargers and Cardinals after the Chiefs but has reportedly cancelled those talks.
Andy Reid's people have begun the process of canceling planned talks with #Chargers/#Cardinals. Getting close with #Chiefs, I'm told.—
Ian Rapoport (@RapSheet) January 03, 2013
The Chiefs have yet to confirm anything and declined to comment when asked about Reid joining the team.
Reid, 54, coached the Eagles for 14 years (1999-2012) and led the team to an NFC Championship in 2004. The team went 130-93 (.583) under Reid. He was fired on Dec. 31 after the Eagles' 4-12 finish in 2012, the same day Chiefs head coach Ken Whisenhunt was fired. There have been reports that Reid could bring Tom Heckert, the Eagles' former general manager, with him.


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Eric is a full featured Python and Ruby editor and IDE, written in Python. It is based on the cross platform Qt GUI toolkit, integrating the highly flexible Scintilla editor control. It is designed to be usable as an everyday quick and dirty editor as well as being usable as a professional project management tool, integrating many advanced features that Python offers the professional coder. Eric includes a plug-in system, which allows easy extension of the IDE functionality with plug-ins downloadable from the net. Current stable versions are Eric4 based on Qt4 and Python 2 and Eric5 based on Python 3 and Qt4.
GeoToad is a geocaching query tool to help speed up the boring part of geocaching: choosing the cache and collecting the data. It allows you to generate any kind of complex query you want, and the program will go and poll the Geocaching query, grab the data, and output it to any format you want. The Geocache info can be synced straight to your GPS, iPod, PDA, or cell phone in over 20 different formats.
FeResPost is a library that allows the rapid development of small programs for the post-processing of Nastran or Samcef finite element results. The library allows easy manipulation of finite element models, groups, and results. Efficient post-processing is possible because the time-consuming operations are written in C/C++. The library is distributed as a COM component, a .NET assembly, as well as a Ruby compiled extension.
omnisode.rb, preodein.rb, and preindent.rb are a set of Ruby programs to generate a program to use long Taylor series to solve systems of ordinary differential equations. It generates code to solve the equations in either C, C++, Ruby, Maple, or Maxima. Using the Taylor series, estimates are made of the location of poles.
Valentina is cross-platform SQL and non-SQL columnar database that allows development of client-server [Web] solutions and applications with an embedded local database using the same sources. Valentina DB provides an Object-Relational model, but you can also mix Relational and Extended Navigational. It introduces a revolutionary model abstraction "Link" that greatly simplifies db schema, and therefore simplifies SQL queries. It supports disk and in-memory databases, and field types including Bit, BLOB, Pictures, and Enum. It provides advanced features such as triggers, views, stored procedures, regular expressions, XML, full-text search, and calculated fields. It exists as Valentina Server, Valentina Studio, and a set of Valentina ADKs for all major programming languages.
Ecasound is a software package designed for multitrack audio processing. It can be used for simple tasks like audio playback, recording, and format conversions, as well as for multitrack effect processing, mixing, recording and signal recycling. It supports a wide range of audio inputs, outputs, and effect algorithms. Effects and audio objects can be combined in various ways, and their parameters can be controlled by operator objects like oscillators and MIDI-CCs. A versatile console-mode user interface is included in the package.
Virtual Print Engine Community Edition is a report generator, print engine, and PDF library. It allows you to create documents like reports, forms, drawings, and diagrams on-the-fly by placing objects like text, lines, and bitmaps in any position using function calls. Flexible dynamic layouts are supported. Documents containing tens of thousands of pages can be created with a very small memory footprint. New documents can be assembled from several single documents.


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Say goodbye to those long winter months of the semester and say hello to sunshine and snow at Mammoth Mountain this Spring Break! We've received more snowfall this season than any other resort in North America, and with an average 300 sunny days each year Mammoth is the Spring Break destination that offers it all!
College Pass
College students can ride for the rest of the season with no blackout dates for just $299! This pass is a great value that pays for itself in about three visits. Making a short trip? Check out our deals on day tickets.
Buy Now
Snow & Sunshine
Spring Breaks ought to be filled with sunshine right? Lounging in the skies above the deepest snow in North America is an average of 300 sunny days per year, so you can soak it up while you shred!
Video Contest
Show off your school's best Spring Break experience. Create a video edit that best shows how much fun your school brings to Mammoth for Spring Break, then enter your video on our Facebook Page App. The winning team of up to four people will win a VIP experience at this year's West Coast Invitational!
Contest Entry & Rules
Drink Specials
Up here, one drink feels like two and all ten of our ski-in ski-out bars will offer drink specials. Show your College ID during Spring Break and get $1 off drafts and well drinks, or pony up to any of our specialty cocktails like a Hot Toddy or Snuggler and get a shot of Fireball for five bucks!
Live Music & Parties
Your Spring Break may only be a week long, but ours lasts over a month with tons of events, parties and concerts, including the debut of our new nightlife hotspot, Underground Lounge.
April 12-13
vitaminwater Weekend at The Mill feat. games, giveaways, and DJ E-Man
DJ Twist @ Underground Lounge
DJ E-Man @ Underground Lounge
Luca Girls @ Tusks
Ryan Hiller @ Little Eagle
April 20-21
Annual Pond Skim and Party
Volcom PBRJ Championships
Active Brodown Showdown
Northstar Session @ Tusks


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You can view the current or previous issues of Diabetes Health online, in their entirety, anytime you want.
Click Here To View
See if you qualify for our free healthcare professional magazines. Click here to start your application for Pre-Diabetes Health, Diabetes Health Pharmacist and Diabetes Health Professional.
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Starting next month, Bayer will change the name of its line of Glucometer blood-glucose meters to Ascensia.
Meaning "to ascend and achieve," the name Ascensia will be applied to the Glucometer DEX2 and the Glucometer Elite and Elite XL (to be renamed Ascensia DEX2, Ascensia Elite and Ascensia Elite XL).
To inform customers of the packaging and name changes, Bayer plans to include announcement cards in current packaging and other promotional literature. Healthcare practitioners are advised to mention the name changes to their patients who use Glucometer products.
For more information, call (800) 348-8100 or log on to the Web at www.ascensia.com.
Making Alternate-Site Label Information Easy to Read and Understand
When communicating necessary information pertaining to alternate-site blood-glucose testing, meter manufacturers should take into account the reading levels of users, researchers urge.
In a study presented at the American Diabetes Association Scientific Sessions in San Francisco, researchers attempted to "assess the ability of lay users to comprehend the indication for use of alternate-site testing, as described in the One Touch Ultra System labeling" (abstract 486-P).
Thirty-six people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, with an average age of 53, were recruited for the study. By administering a standardized reading test, researchers determined that 11 percent of the participants had a K through 8th-grade reading level, 25 percent had a 9th- through 11th-grade level and 25 percent read at a 12th-grade level or above.
The participants were asked to read a portion of the One Touch Ultra label entitled "Important Information About Arm Testing." They were then given a multiple-choice "labeling comprehension" questionnaire that focused on the following special testing situations:
Among participants with less than a 12th-grade reading level, the range of correct responses ranged from 69 to 100 percent.
Exposure of Test Strips May Lead to False Readings
In other research presented at the Scientific Sessions, South Carolina researchers suggest that prolonged exposure of strips used for blood-glucose testing may lead to false blood-glucose test results (abstract 1979-PO).
They arrived at this conclusion after a 49-year-old patient from their office showed a rise in blood glucose from 94 to 307 mg/dl in just a few weeks. Consultation revealed that the man had stored his Accu-Chek test strips in a zippered plastic bag outside the original storage canister.
To study the effects of exposed test strips on self-monitoring of blood glucose, the researchers used new and exposed Accu-Chek test strips to test the same blood sample. The results were as follows:
The researchers conclude that exposure of test strips is "potentially harmful when used for [a diabetes] treatment guide."
Categories: Blood Glucose, Diabetes, Diabetes, Insulin, Low Blood Sugar, Meters, Type 2 Issues
0 comments - Aug 1, 2002
Diabetes Health is the essential resource for people living with diabetes- both newly diagnosed and experienced as well as the professionals who care for them. We provide balanced expert news and information on living healthfully with diabetes. Each issue includes cutting-edge editorial coverage of new products, research, treatment options, and meaningful lifestyle issues.


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VAIN LLC — Virtual
VAIN LLC is a premiere destination where people meet content, commerce and amazing experiences. Its mantra is Curating Your Life by Redefining Vanity. VAIN LLC delivers amazing moments to its ever gro…
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VAIN LLC — Virtual
VAIN LLC is a premiere destination where people meet content, commerce and amazing experiences. Its mantra is Curating Your Life by Redefining Vanity. VAIN LLC delivers amazing moments to its ever-gro…
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Audio Engineering
Side Block Generalz Entertainment (RECORD LABEL) — Virtual
Side Block Generalz Entertainment and it co-owner Europium Records is looking for a audio engineer to mix tracks for our projects.
Application Deadline: Available Year-round
Video Mogul
Julie Braun Design — Virtual
Company Information: We help people stand out from the sea of sameness. Our clients are visionaries, start-ups, entrepreneurs, renegades, rule breakers and sometimes trouble makers! Our clients grow t…
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Deviate Publishing — Virtual
{C} Magazine offers itself as a vehicle of the changing tides of all things entertainment and lifestyle based. Our pages offer what's new in fashion, sports, automobile trends, Green, techno-savvy mus…
Application Deadline: 4/27/2014
Summer Social Media Internship
cityHUNT — Virtual
cityHUNT is a team building and experiential marketing scavenger hunt company. What that means is we build experiences through scavenger hunts for corporate clients to experience the benefits of team …
Application Deadline: 4/21/2014
Office Assistant Intern- MUST BE LIVING IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA AREA
DESIGNER ORIGINAL MAGAZINE — Virtual
A personal assistant (PA), sometimes called an executive secretary or personal/private secretary, works closely with senior managerial or directorial staff to provide administrative support, usually o…
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Wantboards, Inc. — Virtual
Wantboards is the world's first demand-based online marketplace. We're here to change the relationship between buyers and sellers by shifting the way people purchase products from searching to demand-…
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English Teachers and discipline teachers in China
US New Power — Virtual
We are looking for candidates who are ready to join this teaching in China program. It is a great opportunity to teach English and learn Chinese language and culture. Meanwhile, candidates will build …
Application Deadline: 7/10/2014
Sales/ Advertisment Intern
DESIGNER ORIGINAL MAGAZINE — Virtual
A person who his creative with selling and advertisement. This job is for someone who is good at sales and is willing to put all effort into reaching a sales goal. The person will be obtaining ads for…
Application Deadline: 4/23/2014


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Women's Gear
ActiveWake.com carries the best women's wakeboard gear from Ronix, Hyperlite, Liquid Force and even Slingshot. We have what it takes to get you out on the water and having fun.
Browse our selection of Women's Wakeboard Packages | Women's Wakeboards | Women's Wakeboard Bindings
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Super-lightweight, comfortable, great-looking Boat Shoes for casual wear by land or sea! Get them now as a Close-Out bargain!
The Island Surf® is calling:
State Size, as available in the Shopping Cart below. Medium width. Surf on into the warm season... get yours ONLINE right now!
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Title: Social Media Manager
Company: TalkAboutGroup
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Adrian is a Social Media Manager & Community Relationship Specialist. He offers helpful advice for shaping and building business. His clients include retail brands, legal firms and business services. He provides news, tips and solutions for social branding and writes about best practice in social marketing and B2B. @asnood
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The decision whether to treat benign skeletal lesions surgically can be difficult to make. The purpose of this study was to validate our previously published method of predicting fracture risk with use of quantitative computed tomography-based structural analysis.
We prospectively studied a group of children who presented to a major children's hospital with a benign appendicular skeletal lesion between 2002 and 2007. As in our previous study, the resistance of the affected bone to compressive, bending, and torsional loads was calculated with rigidity analysis performed with the use of serial transaxial quantitative computed tomography data obtained along the length of the bone containing the lesion and from homologous cross sections through the contralateral, normal bone. At each cross section, the ratio of the structural rigidity of the affected bone to that of the normal, contralateral bone was determined.
Forty-one patients who had not received surgical treatment for the skeletal lesion met the criteria for our study. Thirty-four (83%) of these individuals completed our activity questionnaire at least two years after the quantitative computed tomography-based rigidity analysis. None of the patients for whom no increased fracture risk had been predicted by the rigidity analysis sustained a fracture, even though they had not received surgical treatment.
Many considerations other than the predicted fracture risk are factored into the decision of whether to treat a benign skeletal lesion. However, this study indicated that quantitative computed tomography-based rigidity analysis is more specific (97% specificity) than criteria based on plain radiographs (12% specificity) for predicting the risk of a pathologic fracture since fracture risk indices based on lesion size alone fail to account for the compensatory remodeling of the host bone that occurs in response to the presence of the lesion in a growing child.
Prognostic Level I. See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Lower-extremity computed tomography, with a hydroxyapatite phantom, showed a nonossifying fibroma with destruction of 61% of the cortex. The left tibia was predicted to be at risk for fracture with standard radiographic methods but not with quantitative computed tomography-based rigidity analysis. This patient was not treated surgically and had not sustained a fracture over a six-year period.
Axial (EA), bending (EI), and torsional (GJ) rigidity were calculated, with use of the indicated algorithms, from transaxial computed tomography images of the affected and contralateral, unaffected bone. The ratio of the rigidity of the affected bone normalized by that of the contralateral limb at a homologous cross section was calculated. The bone was predicted to be at risk of fracture if EA, EI, or GJ was =65% of that on the contralateral side. da = pixel size.
Fracture prediction and treatment status of the patient cohort. Seventeen patients were treated surgically while forty-one patients were not. Fifteen of the seventeen patients who were treated surgically responded to our treatment questionnaire regarding the reasons why they elected to have surgery. Of the forty-one patients who underwent surgery, we obtained follow-up information from thirty-four (83%), six could not be contacted, and one refused to participate in the study. qCT = quantitative computed tomography-based structural rigidity analysis, and X-ray = plain radiography.
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Address: 1225 Tri-State Parkway, Suite 560
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At Columbia College–Lake County/Great Lakes, everything we do is geared toward helping adults improve their lives through higher education.
Whether you want to finish a degree you started years ago or are attending college for the first time, we'll help you reach your goal of earning an affordable college degree.
Columbia College Lake County Illinois makes going to college in Illinois easier and more convenient than ever for working adults just like you! Other Lake County schools and Chicago area colleges simply can't compare! Whether you are interested in earning your associate degree or working towards a bachelor's degree, we can help you select a degree program that will most favorably support your career goals.
Applying to Columbia College–Lake County/Great Lakes is simple. All you have to do is fill out our easy to complete online application. There are no admissions tests or pre-admittance interviews to worry about. Getting started on the road to a college diploma and a successful and rewarding future career is really that easy.
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so what do we do with a iphone which was unlocked and suddenly, i received a call just before, shows the message use an approved sim.
I restored the phone using Itunes and sadly upgraded it.
Then downgraded it with 1.1 to 1.0.2 ispw file. i couldn't get it to work with apptap but i could use ibrickr with an ibm laptop. Even got anySim on it but the message about the wrong sims stays on it.
So i tried to do the whole thing again but now i cannot get it to downgrade anymore ?
i could "restore and upgrade" so i did (again) but then downgrading wasn't possible. It gave pretty fast the message "the iphone could not be restored an unknown error occurred(1)).
And now the phone doesn't even do the restore and upgrade with the 1.1.1 version ?
suggestions ?