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Minister (Christianity)
In Christian churches, a minister is someone who is authorized by a church or religious organization to perform functions such as teaching of beliefs; leading services such as weddings, baptisms or funerals; or otherwise providing spiritual guidance to the community. The term is taken from Latin minister "servant, attendant", which itself was derived from minus "less".1
- 1 Roles and duties
- 2 Training and qualifications
- 3 Related titles and types of Christian ministries
- 4 Leaders and pastoral agents
- 5 Issues
- 6 Styles and forms of address
- 7 See also
- 8 References
Roles and duties
Ministers may perform some or all of the following duties:
- assist in co-ordinating volunteers and church community groups
- assist in any general administrative service
- conduct marriage ceremonies, funerals and memorial services, participate in the ordination of other clergy, and confirming young people as members of a local church
- encourage local church endeavors
- engage in welfare and community services activities of communities
- establish new local churches
- keep records as required by civil or church law
- plan and conduct services of public worship
- preach
- pray and encourage others to be theocentric (that is, God-focused)
- preside over sacraments (also called ordinances) of the church. Such as: (1) the Lord's Supper (a name derived from 1 Corinthians 11:20), also known as the Lord's Table (taken from 1 Corinthians 10:21), or Holy Communion, and (2) the Baptism of adults and/or children (depending on the denomination)
- provide leadership to the congregation, parish or church community, this may be done as part of a team with lay people in roles such as elders
- refer people to community support services, psychologists or doctors
- research and study religion, Scripture and theology
- supervise prayer and discussion groups, retreats and seminars, and provide religious instruction
- teach on spiritual and theological subjects
- train leaders for church, community and youth leadership
- work on developing relationships and networks within the religious community
- provide pastoral care in various contexts
- provide personal support to people in crises, such as illness, bereavement and family breakdown
- visit the sick and elderly to counsel and comfort them and their families
- administer Last Rites when designated to do so 2
- the first style of ministering is the player coach style. In this style, the pastor is a "participant in all the processes that the church uses to reach people and see them transformed
- the second style of ministering is the delegating style, in which the minister develops members of the church to point that they can be trusted
- the third style of ministering is the directing style where the minister gives specific instructions and then supervises the congregation closely
- the last and fourth style of ministering is the combination style, which a minister allows directional ministering from a pastoral staff member
- mention prayer of salvation to those interested in becoming a believer
Training and qualifications
Depending on the denomination the requirements for ministry vary. All denominations require that the minister has a sense of calling. In regards to training, denominations vary in their requirements, from those that emphasize natural gifts to those that also require advanced tertiary education qualifications, for example, from a seminary, theological college or university.
New Testament
One of the clearest references is found in 1 Timothy 3:1-16, which outlines the requirements of a bishop (episcopay: Koine Greek Επισκωπη, interpreted as elder by some denominations):
"This is a true saying, if a man desire the office of a bishop, he desireth a good work. A bishop then must be blameless, the husband of one wife, vigilant, sober, of good behaviour, given to hospitality, apt to teach; Not given to wine, no striker, not greedy of filthy lucre; but patient, not a brawler, not covetous; One that ruleth well his own house, having his children in subjection with all gravity; (For if a man know not how to rule his own house, how shall he take care of the church of God?) Not a novice, lest being lifted up with pride he fall into the condemnation of the devil. Moreover he must have a good report of them which are without; lest he fall into reproach and the snare of the devil. Likewise must the deacons be grave, not doubletongued, not given to much wine, not greedy of filthy lucre; Holding the mystery of the faith in a pure conscience. And let these also first be proved; then let them use the office of a deacon, being found blameless. Even so must their wives be grave, not slanderers, sober, faithful in all things. Let the deacons be the husbands of one wife, ruling their children and their own houses well."
Related titles and types of Christian ministries
Bishops, priests and deacons
The Roman Catholic, Orthodox, Anglican, some Methodist and some Lutheran churches have three orders of ordained clergy:
- Bishops are the primary clergy, administering all sacraments and governing the church.
- Priests administer the sacraments and lead local congregations; they cannot ordain other clergy, however, nor consecrate buildings.
- In some denominations, Deacons play a non-sacramental and assisting role in the liturgy.
The term rector (from the Latin word for ruler) or vicar may be used for priests in certain settings, especially in the Roman Catholic, Anglican and Episcopal traditions.
In the Episcopal Church in the United States, a parish, which is responsible for its own finances, is overseen by a rector. A bishop is nominally in control of a financially assisted parish but delegates authority to a vicar (related to the prefix "vice" meaning substitute or deputy).
|It has been suggested that Pastor be merged into this article. (Discuss) Proposed since January 2013.
The term "pastor" means "shepherd" and is used several times in the New Testament to refer to church workers. Many Protestants use the term as a title (e.g., Pastor Smith) or as a job title (like Senior Pastor or Worship Pastor).
The English word clergy derives from the same root as clerk and can be traced to the Latin clericus which derives from the Greek word kleros meaning a "lot" or "portion" or "office". The term Clerk in Holy Orders is still the technical title for certain Christian clergy, and its usage is prevalent in ecclesiastical and Canon Law. Holy Orders refer to any recipient of the Sacrament of Ordination, both the Major Orders (bishops, priests and deacons) and the now less known Minor Orders (Acolyte, Lector, Exorcist and Porter) who, save for certain reforms made at the Second Vatican Council in the Roman Catholic Church, were called clerics or Clerk, which is simply a shorter form of Cleric. Clerics were distinguished from the laity by having received, in a formal rite of introduction into the clerical state, the tonsure or corona (crown) which involved cutting hair from the top and side of the head leaving a circlet of hair which symbolised the Crown of Thorns worn by Christ at His crucifixion.
Though Christian in origin, the term can be applied by analogy to functions in other religious traditions. For example, a rabbi can be referred to as being a clergy member.
Parson is a similar term often applied to ordained priests or ministers. The word is a variant on the English word person from the Latin persona used as a legal term for one having jurisdiction.
Dominie, Dominee, Dom, Don
The words "Dominie", "Dominee" and "Dom" are derived from the Latin domine (vocative case of Dominus "Lord, Master"). Dominie, derived directly from Dutch, is used in the United States as the title of a pastor of the Dutch Reformed Church (not to be confused with its use in Scotland for a schoolmaster) and "Dominee", derived from Dutch via Afrikaans has a similar meaning in South Africa. In various Romance languages, shortened forms of Dominus (Dom, Don) are commonly used for Catholic priests (sometimes also for lay notables as well) for example Benedictine Monks are titled Dom, as in the style Dom Knight.34
Chaplains and padres
Chaplain as in English and/or almoner (preferred in many other languages) or their equivalents refer to a minister who has another type of pastoral "target group" than a territorial parish congregation (or in addition to one), such as a military units, schools and hospitals.
The Spanish word Padre ("father") is often informally used to address military chaplains, also in English and Portuguese (Brazil).
Elders (in Greek, πρεσβυτερος [presbuteros]; see Presbyter) in Christianity are involved in the collective leadership of a local church or of a denomination.
- Some Presbyterian denominations call their ministers teaching elders. Ruling elders are ordained laymen who govern the church along with the teaching elders as the Church session.
- In the Assemblies of God and the Metropolitan Community Church Elders are the most senior leaders serving, leading, and supervising the worldwide denomination. In the Metropolitan Community Church an Elder can be a lay person or clergy.
Types of ministries in non-denominational church
- Such as men's ministry, women's ministry, youth ministry, kids ministry, singles and campus ministries, married couples ministry, because it gives each congregation member of different backgrounds and age groups to have a chance to fellowship with people in a closer life group to them.
Leaders and pastoral agents
Lay people, volunteers, pastoral agents, community leaders are responsible to bring teaching the gospel in the forefront helping the clergy to evangelize people. Agents ramify in many ways to act and be in touch with the people in daily life and developing religious projects, socio-political and infrastructural.
- Jehovah's Witnesses consider every baptized Witness to be a "minister"; the religion permits any qualified baptized adult male to perform a baptism, funeral, or wedding.5 Typically, however, each such service is performed by an elder or a "ministerial servant" (that is, a deacon), one of the men appointed to "take the lead" in local congregations. Witnesses do not use "elder" or any other term as a title, and do not capitalize the term.6 They do not accept payment and are not salaried employees or considered "paid clergy", but they receive donations from members of the congregation to help them with their everyday expenses. The religion's Governing Body may appoint any adult baptized male as an elder, but more typically assigns certain other committees (typically, at branch offices) to make such appointments on its behalf; appointment is said to be "by holy spirit" because "the qualifications [are] recorded in God's spirit-inspired Word" and because appointing committees "pray for holy spirit".7
- In many evangelical churches a group (multiple elders as opposed to a single elder)8 of (non-staff) elders serve as the spiritual "shepherds" or caretakers of the congregation,9 usually giving spiritual direction to the pastoral staff, enforcing church discipline, etc. In some denominations these elders are called by other names, i.e.; traditionally "Deacons" in many Baptist churches function as spiritual leaders.10 In some cases these elders are elected and serve fixed terms. In other cases they are not elected but rather they are "recognized by the congregation as those appointed by the Holy Spirit (Acts 20:28) and meeting the qualifications of 1 Timothy 3:1-7."11
Monsignor is an ecclesiastical title of honor bestowed on some priests.
- A prelate is a member of the clergy having a special canonical jurisdiction over a territory or a group of people.
- Usually, a prelate is a bishop. Prelate sometimes refers to the clergy of a state church with a formal hierarchy, and suggests that the prelate enjoys legal privileges and power as a result of clerical status.
- "Father" is a term of address for priests and deacons in some churches, especially the Roman Catholic, Orthodox and Anglican traditions.
- "Padre" (Spanish word for father, used in Brazil too) is frequently used in the military of English-speaking countries.
- A priest of the regular clergy.
- A pre-Scholastic Christian writer accepted by the church as an authoritative witness to its teaching and practice (see Fathers of the Church: those who were not completely orthodox but nonetheless had a major impact on Christianity, such as Origen and Tertullian, are called "ecclesiastical writers" instead).
- "Mama" is the local native language term for English speaking Anglican priests in the Anglican Church of Melanesia. It means "father" in several local languages in Vanuatu and the Solomon Islands.
- In Christianity, an archbishop is an elevated bishop, responsible for all churches belonging to a religious group of a particular district.
- A bishop at the head of an ecclesiastical province or one of equivalent honorary rank.
There are contrasting views on the level of compensation given to ministers relative to the religious community. There is often an expectation that they and their families will shun ostentation. However there are situations where they are well rewarded for success, whether measured through drawing people to their religious community or enhancing the status or power of the community.
The acceptance of women in ministry has increasingly become an established practice within many global religious faith groups, with some women now holding the most senior positions in these organizational hierarchies. There continues to remain disagreement between the more traditionally fundamental global church denominations and within their denominational church membership and fundamental church leadership as to whether women can be ministers.
Notable contention over the issue of ordination of practicing homosexuals, however, occurred in the 1980s within the United Church of Canada, and in the 1990s and early 21st century within the Presbyterian Church USA. Likewise, The Episcopal Church, the American branch of the worldwide Anglican Communion, is also divided over the issue of ordination of practicing homosexuals. This conflict has severely damaged relationships between American Anglicans, and their brothers and sisters in the third world, especially Africa and southeast Asia, and has caused a schism in the American Anglican church.
Styles and forms of address
In the majority of churches, ordained ministers are styled "The Reverend". However, as above, some are styled "Pastor" and others do not use any specific style or form of address, in which case it would be Mr, Ms, Miss or Mrs as the case may be.
In Anglican churches the style for ordained ministers varies according to their office, as below.1213
- Priests and deacons, from ordination onwards—The Reverend
- Priests and deacons appointed as canons—The Reverend Canon
- Deans (or Provosts) of a cathedral church—The Very Reverend
- Archdeacons of a diocese or region—The Venerable
- Bishops (diocesan, suffragan, or coadjutor)—The Right Reverend
- Archbishops (and other primate bishops)—The Most Reverend
In all cases, the formal style should be followed by a Christian name or initial, e.g. The Reverend John Smith, or The Reverend J. Smith, but never just The Reverend Smith.
These are formal styles. In normal speech (either addressing the clergy or referring to them) other forms of address are often used. For all clergy this may include the titles "Father" (male) or "Mother" (female), particularly in the Anglo-Catholic tradition, or simply the appropriate secular title (Mister, Doctor, etc.) for that person, particularly in the evangelical tradition. Bishops may be addressed as "My Lord", though less formally simply as "Bishop". Similarly, archbishops may be addressed as "Your Grace", though less formally simply as "Archbishop". The titles "My Lord" and "Your Grace" refer to the places held by these prelates in the Church of England within the order of precedence of the state; however, the same titles are also extended to bishops and archbishops of other Anglican churches, outside England. As Anglicanism represents a broad range of theological opinion, its presbyterate includes priests who consider themselves no different in any respect from those of the Roman Catholic Church, some parishes and dioceses in "Low Church" or Evangelical circles prefer to use the title presbyter or "minister" in order to distance themselves from the more sacrificial theological implications which they associate with the word "priest". While priest is the official term for a member of the presbyterate in every Anglican province worldwide, the ordination rite of certain provinces (including the Church of England) recognizes the breadth of opinion by adopting the title The Ordination of Priests (also called Presbyters).14
- expository preaching, which is the preaching through the book of the bible verse by verse,
- textual preaching, which is preaching on section of the bible without preaching the entire book of The Bible;
- Topical preaching which is preaching through several scriptures of The Bible to address an issue or discuss a topic
- narrative preaching, which is gaining some grounds with the concept of storytelling, which is also used in business world.
Roman Catholic
In the Roman Catholic Church the form of address depends on the office the person holds, and the country in which he is being addressed as they are usually identical to the titles used by their feudal or governmental equals. In most English-speaking countries the forms of address are:
- A priest is usually referred to as Father; sometimes he is addressed as Your Reverence or Reverend Father.
- A monsignor is addressed as "Monsignor."
- A bishop is addressed as Your Excellency or, less formally, Excellency. In Britain and some other countries they are formally addressed as My Lord or My Lord Bishop.
- An archbishop is also addressed as Your Excellency or, less formally, Excellency. In Britain and some other countries they are formally addressed as Your Grace.
- A cardinal is addressed as Your Eminence.
- The Pope of the Roman Catholic Church can be addressed as Holy Father or Your Holiness.
In France, secular priests (diocesan priests) are addressed "Monsieur l'Abbé" or, if a parish priest, as "Monsieur le Curé". In Germany and Austria priests are addressed as "Hochwürden" (meaning "very worthy") and/or with their title of office (Herr Pfarrer, i.e. Mr. Parson). in Italy as "Don" followed by his name (e.g. "Don Luigi Perrone").
Religious priests (members of religious orders) are addressed "Father" in all countries (Père, Pater, Padre etc.).
Up until the 19th century, secular clergy in English-speaking countries were usually addressed as "Mister" (which was, in those days, a title reserved for gentleman, those outside the gentry being called by name and surname only) and only priests in religious orders were formally called "Father". In the early 19th century the English-speaking custom of calling all priests "Father" came into being.
In the Middle Ages, before the Reformation, secular priests were entitled as knights, with the prefix "Sir". See examples in Shakespeare's plays like Sir Christopher Urswick in Richard III. This is closer to the Italian and Spanish "Don" which derives from the Latin "Dominus" meaning "Lord;" in English, the prefix "Dom" is used for priests who are monks, a prefix which was spelled "Dan" in Middle English. The French "Monsieur" (like the German "Mein Herr", the Italian "Signor" and the Spanish "Señor") also signifies "My Lord", a title commonly used in times past for any person of rank, clerical or lay.
In some particular circumnstances the term "minister" itself is used by the Catholic Church, such as the head of the Franciscans being the Minister General.15
In the Greek-Catholic Church, all clergy are called "Father" including deacons, who are titled "Father Deacon", "Deacon Father", or simply "Father". Depending on the ethnicity and institution, seminarians may be titled "Brother", "Brother Seminarian", "Father Seminarian" or simply "Father". Their wives are never titled "Mother" or anything of that sort, and usually titled "presvytera", "matushka" or "khourriyye" as in the Orthodox world and also by their first names. Greek-Catholic Patriarchs are addressed Your Beatitude. Eastern clergy are not usually called by their last name; the Christian name or ordination name is used instead.
Greek and other Orthodox churches
The form of address for Orthodox clergy varies according to order, rank and level of education. The most common forms are the following:16
|Addressee's Title
|Form of Address
|The Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
|His All Holiness ... Archbishop of Constantinople and New Rome, Ecumenical Patriarch
|Your All Holiness
|Other Patriarchs
|His Beatitude Patriarch ... of ...
|Your Beatitude
|Archbishops of independent Churches, Greece, Cyprus, etc.
|His Beatitude Archbishop ... of ...
|Your Beatitude
|Archbishops of Crete, America, Australia, England (under Ecumenical Patriarchate)
|His Eminence Archbishop ... of ...
|Your Eminence
|His Eminence Metropolitan ... of ...
|Your Eminence
|Titular Metropolitans
|His Excellency Metropolitan ... of ...
|Your Excellency
|Bishop / Titular Bishop
|His Grace Bishop ... of ...
|Your Grace
|The Very Reverend Father
|Dear Father
|Priest (Married and Celibate)
|Reverend Father
|Dear Father
|Reverend Deacon
|Dear Father
|The Very Reverend Abbot
|Dear Father
|The Reverend Mother Superior
|Reverend Mother
|Dear Father
|Dear Sister
Armenian Apostolic
The form of address to the clergy of the Armenian Apostolic Church (belongs to the family of Oriental Orthodox Churches 17) is almost the same.
|Addressee's Title
|Form of Address
|Catholicos of All Armenians18
|His Holiness, Supreme Patriarch and Catholicos of All Armenians 19
|Your Holiness
|Catholicos of Cilicia20
|His Holiness, Catholicos of Cilicia21
|Your Holiness
|His Beatitude, the Armenian Patriarch of ...
|Your Beatitude
|His Eminence
|Your Eminence
|His Grace
|Your Grace
|Supreme Doctor Monk (Tsayraguyn Vardapet) (Armenian: ծայրագույն վարդապետ)
|The Right Reverend Father
|Right Reverend Father
|Doctor Monk (Vardapet) (Armenian: վարդապետ)
|The Right Reverend Father
|Right Reverend Father
|Celibate priest (Armenian: աբեղայ)
|The Very Reverend Father
|Very Reverend Father
|Archpriest (Armenian: ավագ քահանայ)
|Archpriest Father
|Dear Father
|Priest (Married) (Armenian: քահանայ)
|Reverend Father
|Dear Father
|Reverend Father
|Dear Father
|Dear Brother
|Dear Sister
See also
- Anglican ministry
- Five-Fold Ministry
- Ministers and elders in the Church of Scotland
- Quaker Recorded Minister
- ^ "Etymologically, a minister is a person of 'lower' status, a 'servant'. The word goes back via Old French ministre to Latin minister 'servant, attendant', which was derived from minus 'less'." http://www.word-origins.com/definition/minister.html
- ^ "Last Rites explanation". Beliefnet.com. 17 February 2011. Retrieved 3 September 2013.
- ^ "Dominie". Oxford English Dictionary (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. September 2005.
- ^ "Dom". Oxford English Dictionary (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. September 2005.
- ^ "Applying the General Priesthood Principle", The Watchtower, February 1, 1964, page 86, "Among the witnesses of Jehovah any adult, dedicated and baptized male Christian who is qualified may serve in such ministerial capacities as giving public Bible discourses and funeral talks, performing marriages and presiding at the Lord's evening meal or supper. There is no clergy class."
- ^ "Jehovah's Sheep Need Tender Care", The Watchtower, January 15, 1996, page 15, "Christian elders are appointed by the Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses, and care is exercised not to use such terms as "pastor," "elder," or "teacher" as titles."
- ^ "Chapter 4: Why Respect Authority?", "Keep Yourselves in God's Love", ©2008 Watch Tower, page 43, "Elders are appointed by holy spirit. (Acts 20:28) How so? In that such men must first meet the qualifications recorded in God's spirit-inspired Word. (1 Timothy 3:1-7, 12; Titus 1:5-9) Further, the elders who evaluate a brother's qualifications pray earnestly for the guidance of Jehovah's holy spirit."
- ^ See Acts 20:17; Titus 1:5; James 5:14; 1 Peter 5:1 for examples of a plurality of elders in a church
- ^ See Acts 20:28; 1 Peter 5:2
- ^ Though this is changing as many churches desire to become increasingly "influenced by a more biblically informed hermeneutic" http://www.xpastor.org/cases/2006_deacons_mark_%20hudgins.pdf, see pg. 6
- ^ Biblical Eldership, A.Strauch, Littleton, CO: Lewis & Roth, 1995.
- ^ See "How to address the Clergy" in Crockford Clerical Directory, including the online version.
- ^ Forms of clerical address outlined at Debretts etiquette guide.
- ^ Anglican Church of Canada. "Minister or Priest?".
- ^ "Minister". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 1913.
- ^ Greetings & Salutations to Orthodox Clergy
- ^ See Orthodox Churches (Oriental) and A List of Eastern and Oriental Orthodox WCC Member Churches.
- ^ See Catholicos of All Armenians.
- ^ For official documents such as Encyclicals, the lengthened title is as follows: ..., Servant of Jesus Christ, By the Mercy of God and the Will of the Nation, Chief Bishop and Catholicos of All Armenians, Supreme Patriarch of the Pan-National Pre-Eminent Araratian See, the Apostolic Mother Church of Universal Holy Etchmiadzin. See Catholicos of All Armenians
- ^ See Catholicos of Cilicia.
- ^ See Biographical sketch of H. H. Aram I Keshishian, Catholicos of Cilicia.
- ^ There are two patriarchal sees in the [Armenian Apostolic Church] - the Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem and the Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople.
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A surprise near the top of the list, some veterans sneaking in, and a few glaring omissions.
We have a new number one. For this first time since this list debuted on DobberHockey in 2010, Mike Green isn't ranked as the top defenseman to own in a keeper league. The reasons for his fall are obvious – injuries, a shift in playing style by the Capitals, and, most importantly, a lack of production from Green.
I didn't have to think hard about finding Green's replacement for the top of the list. Erik Karlsson made the surprise debut at number 10 back in 2010. At that time, he was an unproven rookie, and many DobberHockey readers wondered why I was ranking him ahead of proven defensemen like Chris Pronger and Zdeno Chara. Fast-forward two years, and Karlsson now stands alone as the best offensive defenseman in the league (and it really isn't close). He recently concluded one of the most impressive statistical regular seasons for a defenseman in the history of the league (Karlsson outscored the second highest scoring defenseman, Brian Campbell, by a whopping 25 points).
After him, compiling the list was difficult. There was no clear-cut number two (although many in Pittsburgh may disagree). I had a list of 25 defensemen, and slowly took names away until I was left with nine (after Karlsson, of course).
To quote Steve Laidlaw, author of the Cage Match series:
"The problem with defensemen is they rely so much on their teammates, systems and just plain luck to put up points. Also, because they score much less than forwards, their final totals are [at the mercy of] these ups and downs. A player could miss 10 games and those could have been the 10 games where they'd have gotten the bounces to score 10 points, and that could cost them 20-25% of their scoring for the season. That's the difference between being on your roster and being on the waiver wire."
I wouldn't disagree with anything Steve said, and it is why the defenseman list will fluctuate more than any of the other lists from season-to-season.
I'll preface my list with one more point – don't underrate consistency. To paraphrase Laidlaw, there have been 68 defensemen since the lockout to top 40 points, and 29 different defensemen have finished in the top 10 of scoring.
My rankings assume a standard keeper league with the usual categories (however, I do place an emphasis on offensive production).
1. Erik Karlsson – Ottawa Senators
An easy choice for the top spot – Karlsson is the most dynamic defenseman in the league, and one of the best offensive players, too. 38 of his 78 points came on the road, and 40 at home. In Ottawa's 40 wins, he finished with 51 points. He had only one month with less than 11 points (November with nine, not counting his one point in four April regular season games). He's not a defensive world-beater, but he is solid enough to play a regular shift without getting exposed. He skates and moves the puck as good as any player in the league, and his shot from the point is sneaky and accurate. His goal total jumped from 13 to 19 because his shot total jumped from 182 to 261 – more shots means more goals. Karlsson may not hit 78 points again, but he's as good a bet as NHL defenseman to lead the league in scoring for the foreseeable future. Ottawa has some impressive young Swedes ready to join him as early as next season (most notably forwards Jakob Silfverberg and Mika Zibanejad).
The David Rundblad trade earlier this season further cemented his position as "the man" in Ottawa for the near and far future.
One Year Upside: 20 goals, 85 points
Three Year Upside: 20 goals, 85 points
2. Dustin Byfuglien – Winnipeg Jets
You were expecting someone else, weren't you? Don't forget, this isn't the Hockey News or NHL.com. This is DobberHockey, and we are evaluating players under a fantasy hockey-tinted lens. With that in mind, there are few defensemen better to own than Byfuglien. Over the past three seasons, Byfuglien ranks among the league leaders in every major statistical category (keep in mind he played parts of one of those years as a forward in Chicago). Since 2009-10, Byfuglien ranks 2nd in goals (49), 7th in points (140), 7th in PIM (259), 1st in SOG (781), 3rd in PPG (18), and 1st in GWG (12) among NHL defensemen. He is better defensively than given credit for, and he was a major reason why the Jets were in playoff contention until the final weeks of the season (and he played through an injury for much of the stretch run).
He defines the term 'multi-category stud.'
One Year Upside: 22 goals, 60 points
Three Year Upside: 22 goals, 60 points
3. Kris Letang – Pittsburgh Penguins
The only reason Letang wasn't among the league leaders in defensive scoring this season was due to injury. He suited up for only 51 games, but he still managed10 goals and 32 assists. He also had 34 PIM and posted a solid plus-21 rating. If Malkin is Pittsburgh's engine and Crosby is the backbone, Letang may be the pulse. He plays with his heart on his sleeve, and uses every inch of his 6'0" frame to inflict pain on opposing forwards. He has a bomb of a point shot and he loves joining the offensive attack. The Penguins are going to score a lot of goals for a long time, and Letang will be a big part of their offensive attack. He may have ranked higher on this list if it wasn't for injury concerns (he has suited up for more than 74 games only once in his five-year NHL career).
One Year Upside: 15 goals, 55 points
Three Year Upside: 18 goals, 60 points
4. Alex Pietrangelo – St. Louis Blues
The Blues should be lauded for how they handled Pietrangelo. Many teams end up rushing young defensemen who appear physically mature enough to handle the professional game. Pietrangelo had the size and strength as a 19-year-old to compete at the NHL level, but his game was a bit raw. He went back to the OHL for two more years, and dominated both offensively and defensively. There are few defensemen who can control a game as well as him – he doesn't play with the same physical edge as Chris Pronger, but he can take over a game just as well as a young Pronger could. Pietrangelo is big, mobile, and able to make game-changing plays both defensively and offensively. He finished 2011-12 with 51 points, an eight-point improvement from the season before. I wouldn't be surprised to see his numbers continue to rise next season. His fantasy value gets a slight knock because he is a clean player – in 177 NHL games, Pietrangelo has racked up only 63 PIM.
One Year Upside: 16 goals, 60 points
Three Year Upside: 20 goals, 70 points
5. Shea Weber – Nashville Predators
Weber may not be in Nashville past the 2012-13 season (he is a restricted free agent this summer, and there is some speculation he may sign a short-term deal in hopes of hitting the open market in 2012). Regardless of where his long term future lies, he is a stud defenseman who can contribute to a successful fantasy hockey team in many ways. Weber scores goals, he shoots the puck a ton, and he likes to throw hits. His PIM numbers are in decline, as he has averaged only 46 PIM over the past three regular seasons. It will be interesting to see how his offensive numbers are affected if Ryan Suter leaves Nashville this summer, as the two have formed the league's best defensive pairing over the past few years. Weber is the flashier defenseman of the two, but many in Nashville believe Suter is the more effective. Weber's numbers may take a slight hit if he is forced to change his game a bit for a new partner (likely impressive Swiss rookie Roman Josi).
One Year Upside: 20 goals, 50 points
Three Year Upside: 25 goals, 60 points
6. Keith Yandle – Phoenix Coyotes
There are two reasons Yandle has slid down this list – one, the Coyotes aren't exactly money in the bank when it comes to offense, and two, Oliver Ekman-Larsson. The young Swede was Phoenix's best defenseman by the end of the year, leapfrogging past Yandle. Yandle has more offensive talent, but he may lose some of his prime power play minutes to Ekman-Larsson next season and beyond. Yandle is a dynamic skater and he can score goals in a variety of ways, and now may be a good time to acquire him, as his value is probably lower than it has been in a few years. Phoenix has several good young defensemen in the system, but don't forget: proven always trumps unproven. Yandle is a known commodity.
Yandle's production dropped from 59 points in 2010-11 to 43 in 2011-12. He led all Coyote defensemen with 3:27 of PP time per game, down from 4:05 per game in 2010-11. Power play ice time is one of the most important statistics to keep an eye on with regards to defensive production.
One Year Upside: 15 goals, 55 points
Three Year Upside: 15 goals, 55 points
7. Alexander Edler – Vancouver Canucks
His forgettable first round against Los Angeles notwithstanding, the soft-spoken Swede has quietly developed into one of the best offensive defensemen in the game. It helps that he has played on one of the best power plays in the league over the last few years, but he has also been a reason why the unit has been so successful. Edler is a great skater for his size (6'3" and 220 pounds), and he makes crisp, accurate passes up the ice. The Canucks have some intriguing young offensive defensemen, including Marc-Andre Gragnani and Kevin Connauton. Both are unproven, and at this point, Edler's position as Vancouver's go-to offensive defenseman is rock solid.
Vancouver's power play struggled mightily in the second half of the season, and Edler's production reflects that. In the final 33 games of the season, he had only 15 points.
One Year Upside: 12 goals, 55 points
Three Year Upside: 16 goals, 60 points
8. Zdeno Chara – Boston Bruins
The soon-to-be 35-year-old may be too old for many of you, but he isn't for me. Chara is extremely durable – he has played at least 77 games in each of the previous six seasons. He is a fitness fanatic, a trait shared by Chris Chelios, and something that helped him play at a high level well into his 40's. Chara hasn't finished a season with less than 43 points since the lockout – consistency is an attribute that shouldn't be underrated, but it often is. He scores goals, he racks up PIM, he hits, and he shoots the puck, a lot. He trails only Byfuglien in shots on goal among defensemen over the past three years. There are several sexier young names who many people would take in a keeper league over Chara, but if you want to win at some point in the next three years, I'll take the durable and proven commodity, thank you very much.
One Year Upside: 20 goals, 55 points
Three Year Upside: 20 goals, 55 points
9. Mark Streit – New York Islanders
Like Chara, Streit probably isn't the pick most were hoping for or expecting here. Why am I taking him over several defensemen who are a decade younger and have more upside? Well, because Streit is proven, and because he is in a great situation for the next few years. Streit, like Chara, is durable*. He has had at least 47 points (his total in 2011-12) in each of the last four seasons (*not including the 2010-11 season, one he missed entirely due to injury). The Islanders are a team on the rise, and Streit is going to be playing a lot on the power play with a soon-to-be-superstar John Tavares and the rest of the young supporting cast for at least the next three years.
His minus-27 rating is concerning, but he was a plus player for the previous two seasons. A lot goes in to a plus-minus, and it is quite often team related more than player related.
I know what you are asking – am I saying I wouldn't trade Streit for Drew Doughty or Oliver Ekman-Larsson in a keeper league? It depends, of course. I am playing the odds here – if I want to win my league in the next three years, Streit gives me a better chance at doing that (at least in my opinion). I can count on him for about 10 goals and 50 points. Doughty could score 15 and finish with 60 points, or he could do worse (like he has in the past two seasons).
To be a successful poolie, one must look at players merely as assets with correlating numbers. Don't get deceived by their upside, potential, or pedigree. Winning is a hell of a lot more fun that consistently building for the future, but it appears to be lost on many out there who pass on proven veterans like Chara and Streit in hopes of the next big thing.
One Year Upside: 15 goals, 60 points
Three Year Upside: 15 goals, 60 points
10. Mike Green – Washington Capitals
Green's value will never be lower. He has played only 81 games in the past two seasons combined, and in that time he has only scored 11 goals and 20 assists (pedestrian numbers for the back-to-back 70+ point producer). Green is an injury risk because of the style of game he plays, but if as he matures, that should change. In addition to Green, the Capitals have several defensemen skilled in the offensive zone, most notably Dennis Wideman. Wideman, however, is a free agent this summer, and he likely won't be back in Washington. Wideman led all Caps defensemen with 3:16 of power play time per game this season, and Green was second with 2:53. In 2009-10 (Green's 76 point season), he played an average of 5:10 on the power play. More power play time next season will help him get his production back on track (in a big way).
Even when healthy over the past two seasons, Green seemed to be a man without a country. The Capitals radically shifted their playing style from run-and-gun to more chip-and-chase, and the move made little sense at the time with the core of players they had. You don't put the cheap gas in a Ferrari, do you? I'm confident Green will get back to being one of the best offensive defensemen in the league. We have likely seen his peak in terms of production, but it is much too early to write off the rest of his career. Strike while the iron is hit – his value won't ever be any lower.
One Year Upside: 20 goals, 65 points
Three Year Upside: 20 goals, 65 points
Honorable Mentions:
Oliver Ekman-Larsson – he'll be on this list very, very soon. Has the potential to become one of the best in the game.
Drew Doughty – a big fall for the 3rd ranked defenseman on my list last year. Doughty's play has been largely uninspired over the past two years, including a nasty contract holdout. He looks refreshed under Darryl Suter, though. Slava Voynov may be the offensive guy for the long run with the Kings, though.
Brent Burns – Burns could be on this list with a strong season in 2012-13. He's a dynamic offensive force who can score goals as well as any defenseman in the league.
Tobias Enstrom – Enstrom struggled offensively in 2011-12 after posting back-to-back 50-point campaigns before.
John Carlson – Carlson has the ability to be a great offensive defenseman, but the Caps like his defensive game a lot, as well.
Dan Boyle – Don't underrate him because he is getting a little grey in the beard – Boyle can still bring it.
Kevin Shattenkirk – may play second fiddle to Pietrangelo in St. Louis, but Shattenkirk will be a perennial 50-point defenseman very soon.
Dion Phaneuf – 2011-12 was a tale of two seasons for Phaneuf, who had a phenomenal first couple of months. He has so much pressure on him in Toronto to do more than just produce points, which hurts his offensive game.
Cam Fowler Sophomore slump, defined. Was a defensive nightmare this year. Could luck out personally if Justin Schultz signs elsewhere this summer, as he would have taken some of Fowler's power play minutes.
Duncan Keith – One of the best two-way defensemen in the league.
Justin Faulk – a hell of a debut for a 19-year-old – he was Carolina's top defenseman in the majority of their games. The offense is a few years away, though.
Alex Goligoski – he will get every opportunity to be the guy in Dallas – the Stars like his two-way game, too.
Ryan Suter – if Suter signs in Detroit as Lidstrom's replacement, he could find his way onto the top 10 for next season.
Nick Lidstrom – In contention for his 95th Norris Trophy this season (at least it seems that way).
Dmitri Kulikov – don't sleep on the big Russian in Florida – he's a dynamic talent.
Brian Campbell – Campbell seems rejuvenated in Florida – no pressure on him regarding his contract has allowed him to focus on what he does best – skate and make plays with the puck.
PK Subban – 2011-12 was a forgettable year for everyone in Montreal outside of a select few – Subban wasn't one of them. He has the natural talent to be a game –changer, just needs to mature and learn to pick his spots better.
Roman Josi – Ryan Suter's potential replacement in Nashville – the offense won't come for a few years.
Stefan Elliott – dynamic offensive talent who was brought along slowly this season. Struggled a bit with the speed of the NHL game.
Jack Johnson – Johnson seemed to thrive being "the man" in Columbus. He was second fiddle to Doughty in LA. Perhaps a bigger role on and off the ice will motivate him to use his physical attributes to be a dominant offensive force.
This honorable mentions list is FAR from comprehensive – there could easily be another 10-20 names on here.
Mabus said:
Princeton said:
Ross The Boss Palmer said:
mike hess said:
Massimo Cinelli said:
And Green no longer belongs on this list. If you watch him play, he's absolutely useless on the ice. I think his productive days are far behind him.
Marcus Lepkowski said:
Will he bounce back in Anaheim?
Pengwin7 said:
I still Chara has a lot of gas. In multi-cat leagues, Chara/Buff/Weber/Letang should be tightly grouped in 2-5. If you want to put Chara at #5 due to age... OK.
AP is too high.
This guy is a terrific real-world NHL defensemen.
That said... his game is very disciplined (hurts his PIM).
Also - I think it is a bit nutty to give him 70pt upside.
A defensemen has to be able to hit 40 ESP/30 PPP to get to that level.
I don't think AP's game will ever translate to 40 ESP.
Swap Chara/AP and I'd give this list full marks.
Overall... still very, very good.


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Magic in Morgan Hill!
Posted on Thursday, July 18, 2013 by TanteTam
The Morgan Hill Library Summer Reading Club has featured many programs with a hint of magic, this summer, ending with a burst of pure magical fun this past Wednesday when Magician Brian Scott wowed the crowd. If you got to see the show, you'll remember that he recommended checking out books on magic and magicians from the library. Even if you missed the show, you . . . more »


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Like you and your baby, each part of Stokke® Steps is made for each other. Stokke® Steps is an ingenious All-in-One seating system that gives children active comfort and the freedom to move within the safest of surroundings from birth. This simple to use modular system offers a wide range of ergonomic seating, from a bouncer with unique cradling motion, to a functional highchair and later, a versatile chair that can be used throughout childhood. It is the ultimate way of keeping your little one close, comfortable and happy with all of the quality and style that you would expect from Stokke®.
Expected availiability from February:
US, Canada, Latin America, Denmark, UK, Spain, France and Italy.
Expected availiability from May:
Europe, MiddleEast* and Hong Kong/ Singapore.
Expected availiability from September:
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(* with few exceptions - please contact your local retailer for more information.)
Stokke proudly announces that Stokke® Sleepi™, Stokke® Flexi Bath™ and Tripp Trapp® were all recipients of a 2013 ConsoBaby Award for "favorite product" in their respective categories this Autumn. Approximately 8000 international children´s products were nominated by parents. See all of the winners and learn more by visiting:
Stokke is a Norwegian company and in Norway, we love nature. It is an extension of who we are. One of the first things we do with our children is to explore nature´s wonders together. Stokke®´s Autumn Collection 2013 embodies the spirit of adventure and reflects Scandinavian style at its best. We introduce stunning new colours to the Stokke® Stroller Collection. Instill a sense of adventure… Explore together.
Availability varies by market.
Special Edition Orange Melange comes with seat textiles, parasol, changing bag and shopping bag making it easy to complete the look.
The Carry Cot Set textiles are included in the kit in Europe and are available for purchase separately in the Americas.
Getting chilly? Just in time for the cold weather Stokke introduces two new colours to the Stokke® Xplory® Winter Kit Collection, sharp Anthracite Melange and warm Nougat Melange. The textiles will fit the Stokke® Xplory® and Crusi™ Seat and the Stokke® Xplory® Carry Cot. It comes with an extra insulated hood with a genuine sheepskin rim, an insulated rear textile cover, a storm cover and especially for you, a plush removable sheepskin handmuff. Wherever you go, your little one will be warm and toasty – and so will your hands!
A note to parents; this eye-catching bit of winter kit will get you noticed!
Availability varies by market.
From October, Stokke® is making all of our stroller accessories available to match! This includes, our Changing Bag, Parasol, Foot Muff, Scoot™ Softbag and even Car Seats, Stokke® iZiGo™ by BeSafe® and Stokke® iZiSleep™ by BeSafe®.
The MyCarrier® Bib is not only the best way to keep your MyCarrier® clean and tidy, it is also the softest. Made of plush terry cotton, the bib is gentle when brushing against baby´s delicate cheeks.
In pure organic cotton, the MyCarrier® baby carrier is now available in purple. One more of a variety of colors made especially to coordinate with the Stokke® collection. Match your stroller or your style, the choice is yours!
Opposites really do attract – attention that is! Introducing new eye-catching colors for Tripp Trapp®, Lava Orange and Aqua Blue. Inspired by the very best of retro chic, these timeless colors lend a splash of color to any interior.


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The Pak-Lite SUPER has bright white LEDs that are up to 2x brighter than the original white LEDs in the Pak-Lites. Like natural sunlight, the brilliant white light emitted by these LED bulbs reveals colors in their true sense. White LEDs are the best choice for a general purpose flashlight, and they also work great for reading, walking, viewing maps, night-light in hotel rooms when traveling abroad, etc...
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text: Loch Ness Shores Camping and Caravanning Club Site (63 reviews) from £7.70 to £12.95 Per person/night Contact Us Book It Images Map Select Section Overview Top site for fishing Nessie Spotting on the shores of Loch Ness. Scotland's most famous loch is the stunning backdrop for the Club's new campsite in the Scottish Highlands. The aptly-named Loch Ness Shores Club campsite is located on the quieter south shore near the village of Foyers. This 99 pitch, all-year-round campsite enjoys panoramic views around Loch Ness to the mountains beyond and is the perfect base for exploring the area's historic sites like the magnificent Urquhart Castle, the charming towns and villages of Fort Augustus, Cannich and Drumnadrochit, or for getting active whether it be on foot, bike or boat. The site itself has excellent eco credentials, including using innovative green technologies to heat and light the top notch facilities which include an amenity block with under floor heating and home from home shower rooms, an on-site shop and wi-fi. Loch Ness Shores also offers the opportunity to go glamping in one of its five luxury wooden wigwam cabins, all boasting comfy caravan-style beds. These stylish wigwam cabins are a first for the Club Site network, with two comfortably accommodating up to five, the other three, two adults and two children. Wigwam® Cabins available: 3 Wee Braves Wigwam® Cabins £45 per night (2 adults + 2 children) 2 Big Chiefs Wigwam® Cabins £55 per night (up to 5 people) To book call the Contact Centre on 0845 130 7633 or 024 7647 5426. Find out more. Due to local planning restrictions please note that the arrival time for this site is after 2pm. Access and SatNav Advice All arrivals after 2pm. Fr A9 approach via Inverness, take B862 to Dores, then R on B852 to Foyers Fr Fort William leave A82 at Fort Augustus, turn R on B862, 1m after Whitebridge turn L on B852 to Foyers Foll signs to Lower Foyers/Loch Ness Shores Worth Noting The site is one of just a few places around Loch Ness where there is access to the shoreline providing easy access to launch small boats. Fishing permits are available on site. A fishing boat with gillie can be hired but please enquire and book with site before arrival. Eat Local The on-site shop sells local produce, take-away coffee and bbq food. Foyers Stores is well stocked. The Waterfall Café is a 20 min walk, Craigdarroch House Hotel is ten min walk. Food is also available at Dores Inn (10m) and Whitebridge Hotel (4m). Facilities Loch Ness Shores has the following facilities on or around the site. Members' and non-members' caravans welcome Members' and non-members' trailer tents welcome Hardstanding pitch (Super Service) Grass pitch with electric hook-up Difficult access/approach Open site Showers Electric shaver sockets Parent and baby room Family shower room Drying room Drinking water taps Washing Machines Ice pack freezing Childrens play area Recreation hall Take-away Payphone Designated dog walk Grass only pitch for larger tents Sea/loch view Members' and non-members' motorhomes welcome Members' and non-members' tents welcome Hardstanding with electric hook-up Seasonal Pitches Grass only pitch (no electric) Flushing toilet Washbasins Dedicated accessible facilities Mother and baby room Backpacker facilities Chemical toilet disposal point Motorhome stop-off Dishwashing facilities Shop Ball games Boating Gas cylinders Pets welcome Alternative Accommodation Battery charging facilities Wi-fi (Other provider) Reviews Review 1 |2 |16 |Next » Expand review Recommended: yes 5 We had a wonderful time at Loch Ness Shores. Staff very friendly. Facilities first class. The Beresfords (Club Member) stayed Mar 2014 This review is for Loch Ness Shores We had a wonderful time at Loch Ness Shores. Staff very friendly. Facilities first class. Didn't find access to site from Fort Augustus difficult. Been on far worse in Scotland! Site is perfect for anyone who likes an excellent centre for touring. There are numerous walks in the area that we enjoyed. Inverness is a beautiful 30 minute drive away. Tesco store on the outskirts we found very handy. The club has a gem of a site here, in a picturesque setting. We will definitely be going back again, and again. Cannot recommend it high enough. The Beresfords. Towing: Moderate Location: Lake Suitable For: Families,Older couples,Groups,Active break,Peaceful break,Younger couples Friendliness: 5 Cleanliness: 5 Facilities: 5 Expand review Recommended: yes 4.7 I have selected tent as wigwam wasn't an option but we stayed in a wee brave wigwam. The McLagans (Club Visitor) stayed Mar 2014 This review is for Loch Ness Shores I have selected tent as wigwam wasn't an option but we stayed in a wee brave wigwam. It was surprisingly cosy and comfortable and we had a fantastic break. The site is well laid out and has everything on hand including a fish/shellfish van that visits once a week (great for summer bbqs) I also believe there is an onsite cafe in the summer months. in winter season there is a lovely dog friendly hotel a brisk walk away. There is a nice walk along the shore and up by the cemetry that leaves from the site. The staff were welcoming friendly and we really couldnt find fault. We will definitely be back. A great base to explore the area. There is a childrens play area on the upper level of the park forr those with family Location: Country,Lake Suitable For: Families,Older couples,Groups,Active break,Peaceful break,Younger couples Friendliness: 5 Cleanliness: 5 Facilities: 4 Expand review Recommended: yes 4.7 Excellent local hotel and cafe. Plenty walks nearby, though some are quite steep. Ron (Club Member) stayed Mar 2014 This review is for Loch Ness Shores Excellent local hotel and cafe. Plenty walks nearby, though some are quite steep. Location: Country,Lake Suitable For: Families,Groups,Active break,Peaceful break,Younger couples Friendliness: 4 Cleanliness: 5 Facilities: 5 Expand review Recommended: yes 5 The site is nicely secluded just down from Foyers, a lovely village with a very nice country... Tim R (Club Visitor) stayed Sep 2014 This review is for Loch Ness Shores The site is nicely secluded just down from Foyers, a lovely village with a very nice country shop. The area has magnificient views and takes your breath away. It really is a life changing experience seeing the highlands and driving around the fantastic villages and towns. Fort Augustus is a fantastic place to visit with all amenities available, or a drive into Inverness for more shopping and sites is great. The showers and toilets on site are absolutely exceptional, the washing area fantastic. The site manager and owner are lovely people who could not do enough for you. I will be returning next year at all costs!I was lucky when I stayed with the weather, it was warm and the sunshine was out everyday. Its a magical place for me, which I will not forget. Towing: Moderate Location: Secluded,Lake Suitable For: Families,Older couples,Groups,Active break,Peaceful break Friendliness: 5 Cleanliness: 5 Facilities: 5 1 |2 |16 |Next » Travel Local Travel Nearest bus stop: Lower Foyers bus stop at site entrence Nearest train station: Inverness 20 miles Get Directions to Loch Ness Shores Staying here? Public transport from the site Bike ride? Find cycle routes nearby Sat Nav Download our POI file Safe Directions Print Friendly PDF Widget by Frixo Standard Fees For more information take a look at Pricing explained. Minimum booking periods do apply. Standard Fee Motorhome stop-off (per unit) 12 Jul 2013 - 31 Dec 2014£7.10 Wee Brave Wigwam 01 Jan 2014 - 31 Dec 2014£45 Big Chief Wigwam 12 Jul 2013 - 31 Dec 2014£55 Age concession available at this site - More details including more restrictions


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Venice is like an open-air museum, and for first-time visitors this one-hour highlights walk of St. Mark's Square is a must. The tour focuses on grandeur of St. Mark's Square in Venice with external visits of the square, Doge's Palace, the Sansovino library, the Bell Tower, the incredible legends of the Clock Tower.
- Excellent value for money
- Family friendly
- Skip the line
Enter St. Mark's Basilica to discover the awe-inspiring gold mosaics. Your talented guide will unlock its secrets as you walk through to one of the main highlights of the Basilica, the Pala D'Oro (golden altar) with masterpieces by generations of Venetian goldsmiths.
St. Mark's Basilica is free of charge to enter and we guarantee that you'll skip any long lines as part of this tour. Venice is subject to flash floods and occasionally the Basilica is closed to the public (without notice) because of high water or festivities.
You'll hear fascinating stories and learn anecdotes and this remarkable city and its historical characters, Casanova, Marco Polo to name two. Tours are conducted in small groups (maximum 25 people) with an English-speaking guide who can personally cater to you, ensuring your visit to Venice is a special and unforgettable experience.
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Venice Past and Present Walking Tour
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Departure Point:Tour departs in St Marks Square.
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Basilica, Venice
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AbulEdu Calcul Mental is a software tool that trains children in mental calculation as stipulated by the French Ministry of Education for primary schools. Activities include addition, subtraction, multiplication of integers, addition tables (+2 to +9), times tables (x2 to x9), additional additives (to 10, to 100, to 1000), multiples (of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 50), and orders of magnitude (with additions, subtractions, and multiplications). There is also an editor and selective launcher.
OpenTeacher is a vocabulary training application that helps you learn a foreign language. It uses a list of words in both a known and a foreign language and tests you. It supports smart question asking and interval training with Think answers, shuffle answer, and repeat answer input modes. It has easy symbol, Greek, and Cyrillic input, and reads and writes T2K (Teach2000) and WRTS files, and reads ABBYY Lingvo Tutor files. It is available in Arabic, Australian English, Brazilian Portuguese, Chinese (Traditional), Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, French, German, Hebrew, Hungarian, Japanese, Korean, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Slovenian, Spanish, Swedish, and Turkish.
A script to automatically validate HTML code generated by a PHP script.
GUI builder for GTK+ and GNOME


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'It is a considerable coup for Hyperion to sign up the Takács Quartet. They are currently the greatest string quartet in the world…The first product of the group's new partnership is outstanding…The recording quality is ideal—natural, never aggressive. This disc is a model for what chamber music should be' (The Guardian)
'The Takács have the ability to make you believe that there's no other possible way the music should go, and the strength to overturn preconceptions that comes only with the greatest performers' (Gramophone)
'The sharpness and subtlety of this Death and the Maiden takes it to the top of available versions. With this superb disc the collaboration couldn't have got off to a better start' (The Times)
'The quartets…receive performances that do radiant justice to their genius. That of the D minor is prodigious. I have never heard the panic-stricken finale—music whose audacities still take the breath away—played more ferociously. The Takács also find memorably hushed sounds for the twilight world that much of both works inhabits' (Sunday Times)
'This superb CD is [The Takács Quartet's] first for Hyperion: immaculate playing and sublime beauty' (The Independent)
'This is intense music-making of very high quality indeed' (International Record Review)
'Death and the Maiden is a deeply affecting reading with the violin of Edward Dusinberre tenderly conveying the maiden's vulnerability and the mounting panic as she is stalked by the insistent death march of the other three instruments. The musicians capture Schubert's distinctive blend of beauty and angst' (The Observer)
'Schubert's two most accessible quartets receive interpretations on this disc which are as near ideal as one is ever likely to hear' (BBC Music Magazine)
'Edgy, inspired playing, with enough broody lyricism to set the atmosphere of the A minor's opening in a few notes, and to balance its outwardly more cheerful finale with a disingenous wistfulness that tells us we're hearing the tip of Schubert's emotional iceberg. Death and the Maiden is given a high-octane treatment that exposes Schubert's raw nerve-endings with strong tempi and a near-violent intensity of tone' (Classic FM Magazine)
'This is superb quartet-playing, the quality of which becomes even more formidable over several listens…The latest stage of the Takács Quartet's career has got off to a very impressive start' (www.classicalsource.com)
'Certes nous n'avions "besoin" d'une nouvelle interprétation des Quatuors La Jeune fille et la mort et Rosamunde, mais ce CD est imparable… Les Takács ont plus que bein réussi leur entrée au catalogue Hyperion. Si leur version de La Jeune fille et la mort fait jeu égal avec les meilleurs, celle de Rosamunde se dégage vraiment comme un très grand moment de la discographie schubertienne' (ClassicsTodayFrance.com)
'Hyperion already has cornered the market with its roster of top pianists, and with this release the label looks about ready to do so with string quartets as well. On evidence here, the new partnership is operating in top form …"Death and the Maiden" is frighteningly intense in its outer movements, with driving rhythms and a real feeling of danger, of music making "on the edge" in the concluding tarantella … Hyperion's sonics do them proud. Music lovers have much to enjoy, and much to look forward to in this and future releases' (ClassicsToday.com)
'The ensemble, even with a new viola player, is impeccable—this is still a quartet that sounds as though it breathes and thinks as one – and some of leader Edward Dusinberre's playing is intensely beautiful. The recording is superb: up close and personal, so all the detail's there, yet there's enough ambient detail to stop it from becoming too invasive. It's the first recording the Takacs has made for its new label Hyperion, and they must be thrilled with it.' (CD Review)
'Now, with veteran San Francisco Symphony principal violist Geraldine Walther replacing their former violist, their new recording that pairs Schubert's Death and the Maiden and Rosamunde string quartets (Hyperion) retains if not magnifies the same impact. The essential interplay and cooperation between viola and cello that make the slow movement of Death and the Maiden sing with such devastating eloquence are reinforced by the heart-breaking sweetness and forceful cries of first violinist Edward Dusinberre. These are great musicians, with veteran second violinist Karoly Schranz and cellist Andras Fejer equally eloquent. The performance is riveting, as shattering as it is ultimately uplifting. If the Rosamunde quartet represents a gentler excursion into melancholy, it is no less filled with beauty. Here again, the extraordinary oneness between the members of the quartet enriches musicianship as thought through as it is alive to every moment. What keeps the playing fresh is the tension and the constant interplay of pitch, rhythm, and nuance that declare Schubert's emotions as real and relevant today as they were close to two centuries ago' (Bay Area Reporter, USA)
'Ces deux grands quatuors à cordes de 1824 sont ici réunis ensemble dans une interprétation absolument renversante du Quatuor Takacs. D'un jeu pleinement engagé, ils s'adonnent à merveille aux gammes tourbillonnantes et aux rythmes endiablés de la Jeune fille et la mort, ne relâchant qu'occasionnellement la vive tension de la musique de Schubert. L'équilibre des quatre instruments est très bien ajusté, il y a vraiment un son d'ensemble sans qu'aucun des solistes ne soit exagérément privilégié. Il en résulte que l'on entend magnifiquement bien les voix intermédiaires, le second violon et l'alto se révélant notamment avec des guirlandes et des motifs resplendissants, trop souvent étouffés et négligés dans d'autres versions. Un disque évènement à savourer sans plus attendre' (ResMusica.com, France)
'This is an exceptional release from an ensemble with no shortage of such things in its catalog' (Fanfare, USA)
'These are warm and insightful performances of two of Schubert's most affecting chamber music works, both written during a period of intense depression. Though they remain some of the bleakest music of his career, these two string quartets still demonstrate Schubert's sublime melodic gift, and with this disc the Tákacs Quartet makes a valuable addition to the recorded catalog of these important pieces. Recommended' (CD Hotlist USA)
'The impassioned beginning of Death and the Maiden sweeps all before it, and the jittery refrain from the finale sounds like a madman's jig, different each time it appears, too. The Rosamunde is simply heartbreaking. The playing from all four instruments is spectacular in its force and finesse. For once, that abused term "definitive" is absolutely justified' (The Dallas Morning News, USA)
'Another great achievement of this recording is the sound. The engineers really surpassed themselves; it is natural, reverberant and crystal clear—always bright and detailed. The Takács Quartet's move from Decca to Hyperion certainly seems to be a successful marriage … a worthy contender among the elite of Schubert string quartet recordings' (Fanfare, USA)
'If their recent Hyperion debut is any indication, everything is pretty copacetic. The recordings capture the quartet's ability in concert to build a seemingly spontaneous rhetorical structure for its characteristic drive, fire and focus, while making each member of the audience feel that the quartet is playing for him or her alone … Hyperion has outdone itself for the release, choosing for the CD cover Hungarian artist Adolph Hiremy-Hirsch's darkly intense 1888 painting 'Ahasuerus at the End of the World', which powerfully reflects the composer's transformation of death into something beautiful' (Strings magazine, USA)
'Ein wunderbare Einspielung mit einem Quartett, das vielleicht bislang zu wenig Beachtung fand—Is there really a view of Schubert's String Quartet No. 14 that hasn't yet been considered? Is it possible to add to the already countless number of interpretations one that is fresh and new? On hearing this recent recording by the Tákacs Quartet, the answer has to be'Yes!' For here less emphasis is placed on Schubert's melodic language, and on the purely songlike, and much more weight is given to the sense of dramatic development so important in this work: an intensive interplay with the formal material, with the expressive power of communication itself. And so the Tákacs Quartet builds up a musical portrayal as intoxicating as it is charged with emotion, one of a kind that has never been heard before. Beauty of tone is not the main aim here, but rather the harmonious euphony of the different voices, here achieved so superbly: above all in the quartet's second movement, the variations, before melancholy and despair take a rest during the Presto, then culminate completely in the Tarantella of the Finale. The recording of the Quartet No.13, the so-called Rosamunde also shows the same approach of constant urgency, possibly expressing Schubert's intentions far better than the usual meticulously reproduced melodic treasury. A marvellous recording,by a quartet to which perhaps too little attention has been paid so far' (Ensemble magazine, Germany)
Allegro [10'51]
Andante con moto [12'23]
Scherzo: Allegro molto [3'40]
Presto [9'04]
Allegro ma non troppo [12'43]
Andante [6'42]
Menuetto: Allegretto [6'56]
Allegro moderato [6'48]
Hyperion's Record of the Month for October marks the debut on the label by the Takács Quartet. After seventeen years recording for Decca, including multi-awarding-winning cycles of quartets by Beethoven and Bartók, this thrilling ensemble is now embarking on a new relationship with Hyperion; future projects will include works by Brahms, Janácek and Schumann.
Schubert's famous String Quartet, D810, subtitled 'Death and the Maiden', is one of the pillars of the repertoire. This new performance is electrifying, and was recorded following a global concert series, enthusiastically welcomed in the press: 'The Takács' reading of the second movement was characterized by unremitting pain and mystery. While three of the musicians intoned the insistent theme of Death in pursuit of the Maiden, Edward Dusinberre's violin expressed poignantly the Maiden's tender fragility and rising panic. The final movement, in the form of a somewhat crazed tarantella, was taken at breakneck speed, as if the four musicians were driving wild horses—though they never lost control of the reins. Risk-taking, a Takács trademark, certainly didn't fail here.'
We have every confidence that this recording, and the Hyperion/Takács collaboration in general, will prove to be one of the brightest jewels in the Hyperion catalogue.
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Following a flurry of activity as a composer of string quartets at the tender age of sixteen, Schubert wrote only three further quartets during his period of apprenticeshipone in each of the succeeding three years. After this there was a long hiatus, broken only by an attempt, at the end of 1820, to write a quartet in C minor. (Its opening movement, the only portion of the work Schubert completed, is familiarly known as the Quartettsatz, or Quartet Movement.) By the time Schubert returned to the medium of the string quartet, in the spring of 1824, he was writing not for the family drawing room, but for the concert hall. At the same time, the world of his youth had been irretrievably lost to him, and a marked change had come over his music. The previous year he had felt the first symptoms of syphilis, and had been forced to write several of the songs in his cycle of rejected love, Die schöne Müllerin, during a protracted stay in hospital. His state of mind is revealed in a letter to his friend Leopold Kupelwieser, of 31 March 1824:
I feel as though I am the unhappiest, most miserable man on earth. Imagine a man whose health will never be regained, and whose despair at the thought makes things increasingly worse, rather than better; imagine a man, I tell you, whose brightest hopes have come to nothing, to whom happiness in love and friendship offers nothing but the greatest pain, for whom enthusiasm for what is beautiful threatens to disappear, and ask yourself if that isnt a miserable and unhappy man? Meine Ruh ist hin, mein Herz ist schwer, ich finde sie nimmer und nimmer mehrnow I can sing that every day, because every night when I go to sleep, I hope not to wake up again, and each morning serves only to renew yesterdays grief.
With Schuberts acute awareness of his own mortality came a new-found determination to make a bid for posterity. In the same letter in which he so tellingly quoted the opening lines of his earlier setting of Goethes Gretchen am SpinnradeMy peace is gone, my heart is heavy, never and never more shall I find peaceSchubert informed him:
I have composed 2 quartets for violins, viola & violoncello, and intend to write another quartet. Altogether, in this way I intend to pave the way towards the grand symphony. The latest in Vienna is that Beethoven is giving a concert in which he is having his new symphony [No 9], three movements from the new Mass and a new overture [Die Weihe des Hauses] performed. God willing, I am also thinking of giving a similar concert in the coming year.
Just how lofty Schuberts aspirations were is shown by the fact that he dedicated his new quartets to the famous violinist Ignaz Schuppanzigh, the leader of the string quartet so closely associated with Beethovens works in this form. Nor can it be coincidental that the following year the first of Schuberts published piano sonatas appeared with a dedication to Beethovens staunchest patron, Archduke Rudolph of Austria. Schuppanzigh was enthusiastic about the first of Schuberts new works, the Quartet in A minor D804, and included it in one of the matinee concerts his quartet held in the spring of 1824. Judging by a report Schuberts artist friend Moritz von Schwind sent to Franz von Schober, another member of the composers intimate circle, the performance was a success:
Schuberts Quartet was performed, in his opinion rather slowly, but very cleanly and tenderly. It is on the whole very delicate, but of a kind that a melody remains with one as in songs, all feeling and thoroughly expressive. It received much applause, especially the minuet, which is extraordinarily tender and natural. A Chinaman next to me found it affected and wanting in style. I should like to see Schubert affected just once.
Schuppanzighs favourable opinion of Schuberts quartet-writing did not, however, extend to the second work of the planned triptych. Death and the Maiden was first played through at the lodgings of another of Schuberts friends, the composer and conductor Franz Lachner. According to Lachner, Schuppanzigh advised Schubert to limit himself to writing songs. His criticism of the D minor Quartet must have come as a bitter blow to the composer, and it may well explain why he temporarily shelved the third work of his series. (In the summer of 1826 Schubert composed his great G major Quartet D887, which may have been intended as a companion-piece to the two works of 1824.) All the same, Schubert had cause to be grateful to Schuppanzigh: of all his many large-scale chamber masterpieces, the A minor Quartet was the only one to appear in print during his lifetime. The title-page of the first edition proclaimed: Trois Quatuors pour deux Violons, Alto et Violoncelle, composés et dédiés à son ami I. Schuppanzigh par François Schubert de Vienne. As for Death and the Maiden, it was first issued in 1831 by Joseph Czerný, a publisher who acquired several of Schuberts works (besides the D minor String Quartet, they included the Trout Quintet) shortly after his death in November 1828.
Schuberts two quartets of 1824 seem to be suffused with regret for the lost world of his youth, and the String Quartet in A minor D804, in particular, is one of the most hauntingly melancholy pieces he ever wrote. Its minuet harks back to his setting of a stanza from Schillers Die Götter Griechenlands (The Greek Gods), also in A minor, which he had written some five years earlier, and which poses the question Schöne Welt, wo bist du? (Beautiful world, where art thou?). The turn to the major for the trio of Schuberts minuet coincides with Schillers plea: Kehre wieder (Come back).
The minuet is not the only portion of the A minor Quartet to be based on pre-existing material. The opening pages of the slow movement are transcribed from the B flat major Entracte in the incidental music Schubert had recently written for the play Rosamunde. The theme, with its pervasive dactylic rhythm, is typically Schubertian, and it was to reappear in a slightly different form in the composers famous B flat major Impromptu for piano of 1827 (D935 No 3). What is remarkable about the Quartets slow movement is the manner in which Schubert manages to imbue the innocuous-sounding tune with symphonic tension.
In marked contrast to Schuberts D minor Quartet, all four movements of the A minor work begin pianissimo, and it was perhaps this unusual feature that led Moritz von Schwind to remark on the delicateness of the work as a whole. In the opening movement, the melancholy main theme is actually preceded by two bars of bare accompanimentpartly in order to soften the first violins thematic entry, but also to throw into relief the shuddering rhythmic figure that underpins the accompaniment. The same figure runs like a guiding thread through the Quartets opening pages, and it makes a dramatic return much later, at the climax of the development.
As for the finale, it is a much gentler affair than the whirlwind tarantella that concludes Death and the Maiden. There is, perhaps, a hint of the gypsy style in its theme, with its Hungarian grace-notes. They make a return, transferred from violin to cello, at the movements climax, and again during the closing bars. The main second idea, like the first, is given out pianissimothis time in the style of a distant march. At the end, the music seems on the point of fading away, before Schubert appends two peremptory chords to bring proceedings to an emphatic close after all.
If Schuberts A minor Quartet is a work pervaded by an air of melancholy, its companion-piece, the String Quartet in D Minor D810 (Death and the Maiden), is one that seems to give vent to despair. The song-fragment on which its slow movement is based, with its subject of youthful mortality, is one that must have given Schubert pause for thought; and the quartet as a whole goes so far as to cast all four of its movements in the minora surfeit of sombreness that will not be found in any work by Haydn, Mozart or Beethoven. Not even Tchaikovsky allowed himself to luxuriate in so much unrelieved tragedy in his Pathétique Symphony, and we have to look instead to Chopins Funeral March Sonata to find a parallel case. It is true that Schuberts variation movement closes with a heart-rending turn to the majoras do the theme and first two variations themselvesbut the change is one that serves only to heighten the musics poignancy.
Indeed, it is the bleakness of the context in which they appear that makes the two extended major-key sections of the Death and the Maiden Quartet so moving. Those sections are the slow movements fourth variation, and the trio of the scherzo, and Schubert takes particular care to bind them together with the material that surrounds them. The slow movements major-mode excursion is joined seamlessly to the ensuing variation in the minor, which continues the musics rocking motion; while the trios accompaniment takes over the pervasive rhythm of the scherzo. Given the intensity of the scherzo itself, it is surprising to find that the opening of its second half quotes from a Ländler Schubert had written the previous year.
The quartets opening movement is characterized by a continual alternation between tension and relaxation. The triplet rhythm starkly set forth in its very first bars runs through the entire piece as a unifying force; but the main subject also features a calmer continuationa chorale-like passage that clearly looks forward to the sombre theme of the slow movement to come. The main contrasting theme is a sinuous idea given out by the violins in mellifluous thirds and sixths, above a rocking accompaniment from the two lower instruments. The central development section combines the rhythmic elements of both principal subjects, gradually building up the tension until it spills over into the start of the recapitulation, where the austere silences of the works beginning are filled in with upward-striving triplets on the three higher instruments. Towards the end, Schubert appears to be drawing the piece to an emphatic close, with a coda in a quicker tempo; but by a stroke of genius he allows the music to return to its original speed, and the piece sinks to a pianissimo close, as though all energy were spent.
For his finale, Schubert provides a tarantella of almost manic exuberance. His model is likely to have been the last movement of Beethovens famous Kreutzer Sonata, and there are passages in the two works that are remarkably similar. Far more than Beethoven, however, Schubert appears to be extending an invitation to a dance of death. This time, he does allow himself a final peroration that finishes the work in helter-skelter style with an acceleration in tempo, as though the music were spiralling out of control, towards a vortex of doom.
Some six months after composing his Death and the Maiden Quartet, Schubert advised Franz von Schober, who was in an unhappy frame of mind: What do we need happiness for, since unhappiness is the only attraction left to us. He went on to quote a line from Goethes poem Erster Verlust, which he had set to music nearly a decade earlier: Wer bringt nur eine Stunde jener holden Zeit zurück!; and at the end of the letter he appended a poem of his own, beginning with the words, O Jugend unsrer Zeit, Du bist dahin!. Goethes words (Who will bring back just one hour of that sweet time!) and Schuberts own (O youth of our days, thou art gone!) could stand as suitable epithets for the two string quartets of 1824.
Misha Donat © 2006


text:
Legendary singer songwriter Rodney Crowell has a busy weekend in front of him. Tomorrow night he'll be at the Troubadour for a tribute to the Everly Brothers. Then Sunday night it's the Grammy Awards. If he wins, it won't be the first time…it will just be the latest accolade in a career that's now in its 5th decade.
Rodney also has a new album coming out, called 'Tarpaper Sky' hits stores in April.
Fun facts about Rodney (Source: Wikipedia)
1.) Rodney is a Grammy Award-winning American musician, known primarily for his work as a singer and songwriter in country music. Crowell has had five number one singles on Hot Country Songs, all from his 1988 album Diamonds & Dirt. He has also written songs and produced for other artists.
2.) He was influenced by songwriters Guy Clark and Townes Van Zandt. Crowell played guitar and sang for three years in Emmylou Harris' "Hot Band".
Americana's pre Grammy salute and 'Tribute To The Everly Brothers' is tomorrow night at the Troubador.
The Grammy nominated "Old Yellow Moon" with Rodney and Emmylou Harris is out now.
And Rodney's new album "Tarpaper Sky" hits stores April 15th.
25 FOX DriveDedham, MA 02026
Phone (781) 467-2525


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I applied through a recruiter - interviewed at EY in March 2014.
Interview Details It begins with an Excel test. basic as well as some important excel formulas are asked like Vlookup,calculating sales, percentage, sum etc. If selected, this is followed by an interview.
Interview Question – Vlookup. not an important part of MBA (IT subject) course. Answer Question
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I applied through a recruiter and interviewed at EY.
Interview Details First interview: Phone call, went through my background, and experiences, some technical questions on Transactions
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I applied online and the process took 2 months - interviewed at EY in March 2012.
Interview Details Online aptitude test, 1 face-to-face interview. Aptitude test was fairly easy, more about accuracy than quantitative abilities. Should be easy for everyone. Interview involved basic questions plus an easy back of the envelope case.
Should pay attention to basic questions as they seem to take them very seriously.
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I applied through college or university and interviewed at EY.
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Interview Details Submitted resume through Indeed.com, but took 2 months to hear anything. Once initiated, went through 2 phone interviews based entirely on fit, followed by 2 in-office interviews. None of the questions were particularly challenging, but looked to match my experiences with the job at hand. Met one Manager, a Senior Manager, and two Partners.
Interview Question – Why are you interested in Transaction Advisory Services? As stated above, none of the questions were overwhelmingly challenging. Answer Question
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I applied through college or university and the process took 4 months - interviewed at EY in February 2012.
Interview Details First round was a phone interview, talked to the manager in the team that was recruiting.
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Negotiation Details – Just received the offer letter and accepted it without any negotiation
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I applied in-person and the process took a day - interviewed at EY in January 2011.
Interview Details Internal move from audit to Transaction Advisory Services (Transaction Support).
Assessment day with a case study. 45 minutes to prepare followed by 45 minutes interview. Interview is based on the case study, industry knowledge as well as previous job experience. Interviewers will be a Partner and a Senior Manager. Very friendly atmosphere but expect to be grilled on the case study and interview knowledge. Most important questions were why do you want that job and why should we hire you.
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Interview Details Employer Presentation at the school wasn't very helpful for showcasing Transaction Services. As a CPA, I had a vision of TS however the position I interviewed for was more IT integration than due diligence and valuation. I was kind of caught off guard because the presentation showed TS as I know it but then the positions offered in the interviews were more IT integration and management consulting based.
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Cellar/Tasting Notes "Lots of plum and berry character, with hints of toasted oak and chocolate. Full body, with soft and velvety tannins and a long flavorful finish."
Cellar/Tasting Notes "The 2008 Il Pino di Biserno is a rich wine endowed with considerable depth. Plums, blackberries, exotic spices, mocha and licorice are all woven together in this imposing, structured wine. The pedigree of the 2008 vintage comes through in spades. The 2008 is striking. I can't wait to see how this..
Cellar/Tasting Notes "The 2009 Orma is gorgeous. Espresso, mocha, sweet red cherries, grilled herbs and plums wrap around the palate in this sensual wine from the Tuscan coast. The 2009 doesn't quite have the exuberance or sexiness of 2007 or 2008, but it comes very close. Firm tannins frame a vibrant, energetic..
Cellar/Tasting Notes "This 60-30-10 Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Aglianico blend from southern Italy delivers beautiful purity and intensity. Aromas here include blackberry, tobacco, leather, rum cake and polished black stone. It tastes firm and full on the palate ... "
Cellar/Tasting Notes The 2004 Ca' del Merlo is slightly less generous than the expressive 2003. Make no mistake: Quintarelli's trademark elegance is on full display. This vintage delivers more in the mouth with a fuller, more generous mouthfeel and more firmness on the finish. Crushed mineral and forest berry is backed..


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All wilderness is special, which is why Congress chooses to bestow America's most pristine landscapes with the highest form of legislative protection that exists.
The bill, passed in the Senate and House on April 3 and 7, respectively, blocks the court-ordered removal of the beloved landmark in Washington's Glacier Peak Wilderness.
In Congressional testimony offered on April 10, The Wilderness Society laid out funding recommendations for the Interior Department and other agencies for the coming fiscal year.
The Senate Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry Committee passed S. 1294, a bill first introduced in 2010 that would protect nearly 20,000 acres of public land.
Hiking with kids is a great way to get them connected to the outdoors at a young age, but it can also be intimidating for the parent planner. We challenge you to get the kids in your life out on the trail this summer, because part of preserving wilderness for future generations is teaching youth to appreciate and enjoy nature. Following are ten tips to make that hike go smoothly and keep mom and dad on the kids' good side:
One of spring's greatest joys is its abundance of beautiful wildflowers. From alpine mountains to dense wetlands to steamy deserts, designated wilderness areas feature a plethora of wildflowers, which are thankfully protected as a cherished part of these landscapes.
The study, released by the Equal Ground campaign on March 20, vividly illustrates that partisanship and general disorder in Washington have impeded what was once a relatively straightforwar
Since the Wilderness Act was passed in 1964, public lands accorded the federal government's highest level of protection have ranged across 44 states (and Puerto Rico) and covered close to 110 million acres.
Names matter. The word "wilderness" still wrongly carries connotations of danger, desolation, even abandonment (consider the way we use it in popular idioms).
Designated Wilderness, the highest level of public lands protection as outlined in 1964's Wilderness Act, is full of animal life. This ranges from large, iconic mammals, such as wolves, bears and moose, to the smaller and lesser-seen.
Tweets about "@wilderness"
Public wildlands are suffering from budget shortfalls that harm wildlife and conservation programs. Tell Congress to fund our public lands properly!