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My "Eureka" moment. A cure for cancer.
Human Anatomy, Physiology, and Medicine. Anything human!
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My "Eureka" moment. A cure for cancer.
Suggesting a scientific approach and method for the medical treatment of tumorous cancer.
A new 2-phase treatment to cure cancer is proposed.
Phase 1 would use a live bio-agent paired with a moderating anti-bio-agent drug to target and kill hypoxic cancer tumour cores.
Phase 2 would employ 2 drug types - firstly a mixture of drugs of the growth factor inhibitor type, some (perhaps most) yet to be developed, would be required to halt selectively all normal cell division but not halt the characteristically aberrant cancer cell division and secondly, conventional chemotherapy drugs would be used to target and kill only the dividing cancer cells.
A scientific approach and method for the medical treatment and cure for tumorous cancer disease is suggested and described.
The desired performance characteristics of suitable types of biological agents and pharmaceutical drugs and an appropriate method of employing those agents and drugs for the treatment and cure of cancer is described.
Neither the selection of specific agents and drugs, nor the determination of the optimal treatment regimes are described herein because the details for how best to implement the author's general approach and method to cure cancer still require further research by the scientific and medical community which it is hoped this scientific paper will inform and inspire.
So the reader should be cautioned that the author does not herein publish detailed suggestions for oncologists to prescribe for their cancer patients which pills to pop when. The author is a scientist who is trying to find a cure for everyone one day, not a doctor who can cure someone today.
Invitation to informed discussion
This is claimed to be a realistic scientific paper, not a snake-oil-style cure-all claim. This may not be obvious to everyone because I am an amateur independent scientist, neither employed as a scientist, nor published in traditional scientific journals.
I have published widely on the internet on mostly non-scientific topics and I am accustomed to debating my ideas on-line and so I'm quite comfortable inviting replies perhaps as helpful comments and criticisms from fellow scientists and I can also take questions from any cancer specialists, doctors or other informed parties who take an educated interest in such matters.
Approach and method
One type of biological agent and 3 types of drugs are utilised in 2 distinct treatment phases, perhaps with an intermission between phase 1 and phase 2 of the treatment to review that the goals of phase 1 treatment have been reached before moving on to phase 2.
Treatment Phase 1
It is proposed that phase 1 use a mild anaerobic biological agent (with the suggestion that this is mostly likely to be a selection of a mild, treatable, non-drug-resistant anaerobic bacteria, sourced from a well-characterised laboratory specimen) with which the cancer patient is purposefully infected and 1 type of drug, matched to be a known effective treatment capable in high doses of eliminating the selected bio-agent from the body or in small doses to moderate the intensity of the infection.
During phase 1 treatment, after purposeful infection with the known mild anaerobic bio-agent, the anti-bio-agent drug is administered but only sufficiently to moderate and limit the intensity and systemic effects of the intended mild infection on the patient yet not overly administered to the point that the bio-agent is destroyed in-vivo before it has it has completed the designed treatment objectives of phase 1 treatment.
In phase 1 of treatment, the expectation would be that the patient's own immune response will be fighting the bio-agent and so the course of the infection must be monitored and bio-agent and drug doses continuously adjusted to maintain a mild infection.
The objectives of phase 1 treatment
The bio-agent is selected with intention that the infection should establish itself in any anaerobic cores of cancer tumours and be supervised there while the infection attacks and in due course kills those cancerous body cells in any and all anaerobic tumour cores in the patient's body.
The mild anaerobic bio-agent is selected and managed in-vivo so that it cannot be active, only dormant, in most of the aerobic environments of the body which are routinely supplied with oxygen via the blood, and so an appropriate selection and controlled bio-agent should not harm typical body cells so long as the infection is constrained to be mild with limited systemic effects on the body.
The selected bio-agent is not intended to harm those cancer cells which are growing and dividing in an aerobic environment whether in peripheral parts of all tumours or in aerobic tumour cores which are have grown their own blood supply vessels.
The dangers of a failed phase 1 treatment
Too much bio-agent
Inappropriate selection of a drug-resistant bio-agent, neglecting to moderate the intensity of the infection with sufficient drugs or a patient's weak immune system failing to eliminate the infection at the conclusion of phase 1 of treatment could lead to a run-away infection causing serious and life-threatening infection or death.
Too little bio-agent
Administering insufficient bio-agent, over-use of drugs or a particularly active immune system could lead to the bio-agent failing to establish itself in all anaerobic tumour cores and a failed attempted phase 1 treatment leaving viable anaerobic tumour cores which would inevitably wreck the hopes for a successful outcome to any attempted phase 2 treatment.
Treatment phase 2
It is proposed that two types of pharmaceutical drug are employed in phase 2 treatment and let's call them type H drugs ("H" for "Halt cell division!" ) and Type K drugs ("K" for "Kill diving cells").
Type H drugs - Halt cell division!
Type H drugs are the author's own name for a class of drugs examples of which are used in medicine and biological science and commonly referred to variously as "growth factor blockers", "growth factor receptor blockers", "growth factor inhibitors" or "growth factor receptor inhibitors" and possibly other names as well.
Those drugs are designed to target cell growth factor receptors and interfere with growth factors activating growth factor receptors to prompt growth in cells.
A traditional approach in oncology is to attempt to use those drugs directly against cancer cells to try to modify their aberrant excessive growth behaviour. That is not the new approach explained here which is rather to use those growth factor blocker drugs against the growth behaviour of normal cells.
Type H drugs ("H" stands for for "Halt cell division!") utilise and are intended temporarily to saturate the normal cell-signalling pathways which instruct normal cells not to divide. Normal cells with the exception of cancer cells pay heed to such cell to cell signals and it is one of the defining characteristic of many cancers that cancer cells ignore such signals not to divide and keep on dividing regardless.
The purpose of administering type H drugs is temporarily to overload the normal signals and order an artificial system-wide cessation of all normal cell division in the body. Accordingly, normal cells which frequently divide - skin cells, intestinal wall cells, immune response cells, bone marrow cells, reproductive organ cells etc are tricked into stopping dividing temporarily, so long as the type H drug is administered.
Type H drugs operate in a pharmaceutically reversible way and when the type H drugs clear from the body then the normal body cells which have dutifully followed the artificial signals and temporarily ceased dividing then go back to their normal operation without any permanent damage to the cell.
Clearly, the administration of type H drugs weakens the body systematically which depends on routine cell division and for so long as type H remains in-vivo then harm to the body's health will accumulate.
Type H drugs don't do the body any good on their own. Not only that, but for the purpose of treating cancer, type H drugs aren't intended to do anything significant directly to those cancer cells which are pretty much oblivious to the cell signalling pathways which type H drugs are designed to stimulate.
Mechanism of action of type H drugs
Specifically the mechanisms behind the cessation of general cell division which the type H drugs must target are those which usually control cellular division of cells.
The type H drugs work by interfering with the control mechanisms which the body uses to stimulate or start cell division at certain times and under certain conditions and to suppress or stop cell division at other times and that interference would be designed to jam the control mechanism so as to stop cell division so long as the drug is in the body.
Many types of cancer cells divide regardless of the body's control mechanisms - such cancer cell division isn't started selectively so it can't be stopped either naturally by the body's control mechanisms and sometimes even artificially by pharmaceutical drugs
Growth factor mechanisms would be suitable targets for targeting by the type H drugs.
So for example, typical normal cells will wait for the appropriate growth factor to attach itself to the corresponding growth factor receptor on the cell's surface before initiating cell division.
Many types of cancer have cancer cells which will divide regardless of whether there is the appropriate growth factor attached to the cancer cell's corresponding growth factor receptor or not.
One obvious approach the drug developer could take would be to design a type H drug which mimics a growth factor receptor's shape and thus will selectively bind to the corresponding growth factor. If there is a lot more of the type H drug in the extra cellular fluid than there are cell growth factor receptors then the growth factor would be mopped up and leave none free in the extra cellular fluid to be available to bind to the cells' growth factor receptors, thus preventing normal cell growth from being initiated.
A similar approach to date more commonly adopted with blocker-type drugs would be to design a growth factor receptor blocker / inhibitor drug which partially binds to target cell growth factor receptors, not bound accurately enough to activate the cell growth factor receptor function, but sufficiently bound to block growth factor binding to the growth factor receptors.
Whatever the precise mechanism of interference of the type H drug with the growth factor mechanism we can name such type H drugs as "growth factor blockers" or "growth factor inhibitors".
Type K drugs - Kill dividing cells
In order to understand the utility of type H drugs one has to consider their medical use in conjunction with type K (K stands for "Kill dividing cells") drugs.
Type K drugs are the author's name for a class of drugs which are well known to medical science. They are the traditional chemotherapy drugs which have long been used to try to treat cancer by killing dividing cancer cells but the problem with those old drugs is that they tend to kill all dividing cells, not just cancer cells and so have very severe side-effects which can make the patient very ill, very quickly.
OK, well the smarter reader will see by now where we are going with type H drugs. After administration of type H drugs which hopefully succeed in suspending normal cell division without significantly affecting cancer cell division, the administration of the type K drugs is now "a no-brainer"! That is to say, the remaining task for type K drugs becomes a relatively trivial task to accomplish with more easily manageable undesirable side-effects and a quick recovery after chemotherapy.
The dividing cancer cells alone should get killed by the type K drugs. The normally dividing cells don't get killed by the type K drugs because they are no longer dividing thanks to the administration of the type H drugs.
After the dividing cancer cells have died all that remains to be done is to clear the type K drugs from the body while the type H drugs are still in operation. Then later it is safe to discontinue the type H drugs at which point the body will resume normal cell division, free from cancer!
Limitations of phase 2 treatments
One limitation of the simple approach in phase 2 of shutting down all normal cell division in the body would be with those cancer types which are cancerous not so much because the cancer cells divide abnormally but because the cancer cells don't die or undergo programmed cell death called "apoptosis" normally and are abnormally immortal.
Such normally dividing but abnormally immortal cells would cease dividing if an all-body-tissue type H drugs dose was given and so such cancers wouldn't be killed by the type K drugs and such a broad-brush approach wouldn't achieve the cure in phase 2, only the benefits of the treatment in phase 1.
However, it has recently occurred to me that there is still a prospect for a more customised version of my approach offering an admittedly less-than-ideal phase 2 treatment option even against many such normally-dividing abnormally-immortal cancers where the type H drugs comprise of a mixture of different type H drugs, one such type H drug for each tissue type of cell growth factor which needs to be blocked.
To beat the cancer of cells from tissue type X in a normally-dividing abnormally-immortal cell cancers, you'd omit the specific type H drug for the tissue type X growth factor from the type H drugs dose given to that patient and simply intend to kill all dividing cells of tissue type X, which would certainly cause major damage to tissue of type X but maybe in some cases that is a price worth paying to beat the cancer? It's more of a useful treatment option where medicine can offer an artificial or transplant option to replace damaged tissue of type X, or restore the lost function, as required.
For those remaining stubbornly phase-2-insenstive or intractable cancers, a phase 1 only approach can partially treat tumours while never managing permanently to cure the patient and so a series of phase 1 treatments could be used to achieve a series of remissions of the disease.
With a phase-1-only approach it may be observed in some cases that a permanent cure is fortuitously happened upon because the patient's immune system is alerted by a phase 1 treatment to learn to identify the cancer cells and to eliminate them naturally in future.
The dangers of a failed phase 2 treatment
The patient will be rendered vulnerable to infectious disease because of the predictable effect of the Type H drug which will prevent parts of the immune system from responding to infections. Worse case of course is that an opportunist infection may kill the patient.
If the Type H drug is not as effective as intended, if the dose is too low, if it is too quickly cleared from the body then the Type K drug will kill normally dividing body cells as well which cripple multiple body functions which depend on dividing cells and worst case kill the patient.
Without a successful phase 1 treatment which has previously killed anaerobic tumour cores, phase 2 treatment will only kill cancer cells dividing in aerobic environments leaving any and all remaining viable anaerobic tumour cores to provide an inexhaustible supply of cancer cells into the aerobic parts of the body. Phase 2 on its own cannot cure cancer; only after a successful phase 1 can it do that.
Sourcing all the type H drugs required for this approach is the biggest unknown at this point but I'd be hopeful that this approach could treat a very large number of cancers indeed, though I would never claim to be able to cure "all" cancers with this approach.
Conceptually, this would seem to be an excellent scientific approach and method for the cure of tumorous cancers.
Thank you to all those from whom I have learned so much.
This cure for cancer paper is dedicated to my mother who lives still and to the memory of all my friends and relatives who have died from cancer for whom this cure is too little and too late.
This cure for cancer paper is also dedicated to Condoleezza Rice who has inspired me to understand that I may not be able to control my circumstances as a scientist without employment as such but I can control how I react to my circumstances. Condi's mother also died from cancer and she has participated in Race for the Cure events.
I do not want the Nobel Prize for Medicine or indeed any Nobel prize so long as Sweden remains governed as a kingdom. I want nothing from the Swedish King nor from any King nor Queen.
I am a republican and only wish to receive prizes, awards or recognition while living or posthumously from republics or at least from non "royal" institutions which find themselves in the unfortunate circumstance of operating as I do inside a country currently governed as a kingdom.
Author's glossary
Anti-bio-agent drug - an antibiotic drug selected to be used to moderate or to kill a particular bio-agent as and when desired
Bio-agent - a live micro-organism used as an agent to achieve some useful purpose
Type H drug - a growth factor receptor inhibitor drug used in a dose sufficient only to HALT the growth of normal cells but no more, with the intent of allowing cancer cell growth not to be inhibited preparatory to the use of a type K drug
Type K drug - a cytotoxic antineoplastic chemotherapy drug used to KILL dividing cells especially dividing cancer cells while a type H drug inhibits normal cells from dividing
Some relevant links on Wikipedia
Management of cancer
Clostridium novyi-NT - Potential Therapeutic Uses in Cancers
Obligate anaerobe
Hormonal therapy (oncology)
Growth factor receptor inhibitor
My approach offers a better cure by using various drugs and methods in a synergistic way, each making up for the short-fall of the other.
I'd like to review the drawbacks of existing anti-cancer methods and drugs in a simple way and identify how my approach gets around that drawback
Bacterial treatments
Drawback when used in isolation - bacterial treatments cannot be relied upon to kill oxygenated, active cancer cells
Solution in my approach - the phase 2 treatment kills those oxygenated active cancer cells
Traditional chemotherapy using cytotoxic antineoplastic drugs
Drawback when used in isolation - chemo doesn't kill hypoxic tumour cores meaning that the cancer can come back later & they have serious side-effects and a long recovery period
Solution in my approach - phase 1 kills hypoxic tumour cores so the cancer cannot come back & the side-effects of these drugs used as type K drugs are diminished and the recovery period shorter thanks to the type H drugs
Growth factor inhibitors
Drawback when used in isolation - they only work on some cancers and even then, they don't kill the cancer cells so the patient has to live life on that medication to stop the cancer growing
Solution in my approach - used as type H drugs, they can protect a tissue or cell type from being killed by chemotherapy; the more type H drugs we can source, the more tissue or cell types can be protected and the patient only needs to take them during the chemo session never after.
Thanks for replying Jack.
Like I said in my OP.
So if you'd like to review it yourself here and now Jack then please do.
I'm hardly (medical) doctor or even cancer specialist.
The phase 1 seems like nonsense. So you infect patient with bacteria and at the same time give him or her treatment against that bacteria? And the bacteria is supposed to kill the tumor cells? BTW all tumours develop blood vessels, because they are dependant on oxygen and nutrient delivery for their huge growth.
How do you imagine you halt all cell divisions? What effect would that have on the patient?
Cis or trans? That's what matters.
Well neither am I Jack. I've done a little biology, my science degree (many years ago) was in computer science but I have very wide science interests these days.
Have you ever driven a car Jack? You use the accelerator and at the same time you use the brake? Does that seem like nonsense to you?
It shouldn't because there's no other way to drive than to use both accelerator and brake. If someone invited you to drive a car that was missing either an accelerator or a brake then you couldn't drive it.
Likewise, with maintaining a mild infection the medical staff would need to accelerate the infection sometimes (adding bio-agent) and brake the infection at other times (adding anti-bio-agent drug).
Some of them, the ones which are in hypoxic tumour cores, sure it can kill those ones and that's not my idea alone but has already been proved experimentally to work. Check out this link
Clostridium novyi-NT - Potential Therapeutic Uses in Cancers
Correct and phase 1 is not supposed to kill cancer cells in tumours which are well oxygenated. Phase 1 is only supposed to kill cancer cells that are hypoxic because they are in cores of tumours which have outgrown their blood supply.
Of course, some small tumours, some slow growing tumours, don't have such hypoxix cores; their cores have a good blood vessel supply. That's fine. The approach is to kill those tumours in phase 2, not phase 1.
I imagine that one day big pharma will be able to supply enough growth factor inhibitors for all the tissue types that will do just that.
Growth factor receptor inhibitor
Well like I said in my OP.
The point to note though is that it will be a smaller, less harmful effect on the patient compared to chemotherapy today which kills all dividing cells.
In my approach, the normal cells are not killed so the harm is less and the recovery is quicker compared to chemo today.
Of course, the devil is in the details. A lot of what's being proposed is just a "what if" based on basic properties of cancers - I remember thinking of trying a similar approach when I started my work in parasitology many years ago: what if cancer-aimed parasites could be used? In principle, it works; in reality, it's hard to develop an actual therapy.
One important detail - I don't think that the hypoxic cores tend to be the sources of metastatic cells, and localized tumors are the most treatable of cancer types...
Whilst it is true that there are a lot of details to work out, my view is that the devil is with certain people who don't want to allow new approaches from unknown people even to be heard, even to be allowed to be considered and to be discussed. The devil is in such persons to the extent that they have a strict authority hierarchy in mind and anyone who seems outside of their chain of command ought to be dismissed immediately. Not only do they not want to hear those new ideas, they don't want anyone else to hear them either.
So for example, on some other internet forums, I've not been allowed to post my ideas. Many scientific institutions, even if they have forums at all, they are not open to the public, not open to independent amateur scientists to add their ideas for consideration.
To my way of thinking, closed off places belonging only to the professional establishment, which are not open to me, are where the devil is - hell on earth - because there could be the worry for any good scientist giving their opinion which is they might offend against the hierarchy, been seen to be challenging the authority, so lose favour, be disciplined, lose their jobs.
I think if we could banish this devil and all his works from the worlds of science, medicine and academia generally, we would find working together a much more efficient way of working all those missing details out.
My experience is of here in Scotland so perhaps it is different elsewhere?
Well research has already found experimental evidence for all those properties of cancers and the drugs and bio-agents that I am proposing treating cancers with.
I assume you are unfamiliar with many of those findings? I know I wasn't familiar with them all when I had my Eureka moment.
I've been following up some references recently and for example consider this paper on the application of growth factor receptor inhibitors to protect normal cells from the toxic side-effects of chemotherapy.
Now I had the idea of my type H drugs originally more as a "what if" Eureka moment but I have since found out that a lot of evidence has been found of the concept being proved in principle a decade and more ago.
I'm happier to be proved right than I am unhappy not to have been the first with this idea.
How in principle would the parasite attack only the cancer cells?
Well the reverse is the case. Metastatic cells can grow into tumours which can in turn outgrow their blood supplies and then the cores can become hypoxic.
Nevertheless, it can work the other way around. For example, after chemotherapy which kills the active rim of a tumour then the rim dies and peels away like the skin of an onion leaving the core exposed and the previously dormant cancer cells get a new lease of life because they are now getting oxygen again and so they come to life, grow and supply new cancer cells to metastasise elsewhere.
That's the limitation with many cancer therapies which only provide a remission but then the cancer comes back again.
If the tumours are in a few locations only and can be treated by surgery, yes. That's the first best hope of curing cancer if you can catch it early enough.
My approach is only intended for treating those cancers which are already metastatic, where surgery cannot offer a cure.
These metastatic cancers are the hardest to treat and therefore the most interesting challenge for medical science in my opinion.
In some ways, science is a closed-off group, since it takes a lot of training to assess most ideas. Cancer research, from looking at the avenues that people are exploring, is one of the more open-to-anything groups, but I'm not surprised that they don't entertain many ideas from "amateurs."
Oncology is not a major area that I keep up with, but I didn't find too much in your general suggestions that I haven't seen discussed before. I think that, if you were more in the "inner circle," you'd find that at least a few of your ideas have been checked out unsuccessfully. Unfortunately, research results of the "well, THIS doesn't work in any useful way" variety don't get published, but that doesn't mean than folks in the field don't know about them.
If you feel REALLY strongly about this, find people doing research in the area closest to your suggestions and contact them directly (I acknowledge that this might be a VERY BAD IDEA). Distill your idea down, though - what you've written here is too long (and too pedantic if you're sending this to someone working in that field). They might totally ignore you, but you might get someone to tell you why your idea probably won't work based on research that just never made it into the literature.
One possible place to start is here:
He is an oncological surgeon, but he definitely keeps up with the broader literature.
Science versus a job as a "scientist"
I don't think that is the way the best teachers look at science teaching with respect.
The best science teachers are empowering individuals to able to do science because they have the facts or know where to find the facts, understand the principles and can take science forward to new frontiers.
What you describe is more the way that the worst teachers tell students to conform, reply by rote, never question authority, keep their heads down, get a job and merge into the profession seamlessly - like good children are supposed to be, seen but not heard.
A real scientist can shatter an orthodoxy but a groupie of the mainstream dare never try.
I've noticed a lot of home-remedy type cancer cures out there - unscrupulous confidence tricksters taking advantage of sick people. I hope you can see that is not me.
I trust you can understand the difference between an amateur scientist like me and a professional conman, offering his snake-oil cure-all?
Where and when before did you see discussed growth factor receptor inhibitors used to protect normal cells from the toxic side-effects of chemotherapy?
Before my article and my links and reference?
Are you comfortable with the word "prejudiced" applied to your thinking there? You think that but you've no actual evidence or argument to support that thought, so if it is not "prejudice" what is it?
Well there is so much to know, so many papers to read, I don't think one can assume that oncologists and cancer research scientists know everything which has been written in their own specialist literature, never mind assume that somehow they have superpowers also to know what has never been written down in their literature.
Well who knows, I may run into such persons in forum such as this?
Now why don't you drop him a note inviting him to post in this topic?
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J.C. Penney Co. may need to pay more than the 135 cents on the dollar it offered yesterday to tender bonds that can restrict the retailer's debt load, according to Gimme Credit LLC.
J.C. Penney's 7.125 percent securities due November 2023 climbed to 144.75 cents on the dollar at 4:23 p.m. in New York to yield 2.3 percent, an increase of 10 cents yesterday and 32.5 cents Monday, according to Trace, the bond-price reporting system of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority. The company offered to buy back the notes for 130 cents on the dollar and pay an additional 5 cents on the dollar if bondholders consent to amending the indenture, according to a statement today.
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The $254.5 million in notes jumped after the company said Monday proceeds of a secured loan may be used to amend or acquire the notes, an attempt to remove a provision that restricts the amount of debt it incurs. The securities traded as low as 83 cents in January to yield 9.69 percent.
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To defease a bond, a company contributes cash or Treasury securities to a trust fund to ensure interest payments over time, thereby in effect eliminating the credit risk from the company, said James Goldstein, a credit analyst at CreditSights Inc.
The retailer working to rebound from the lowest annual sales in more than two decades received a $1.75 billion, five-year term loan commitment from Goldman Sachs Group Inc., J.C. Penney said Monday in the statement. Proceeds may be used to fund working capital requirements and "to amend, acquire or satisfy and discharge" the 7.125 percent notes, J.C. Penney said.
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The offer expires at 5 p.m. in New York on May 13, the company said.
Moody's Investors Service downgraded J.C. Penney's long-term rating to Caa1 from B3, noting that while the new term loan will bolster the company's liquidity, it does not resolve long-term performance concerns. It also will "greatly weaken JCP's capital structure at a time when its earnings are at precarious levels," the ratings company said.
Bloomberg News

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Easter's UK and Ireland Swell Gift
IT looked like the perfect weekend in Europe but the wind added an edge to it, a razor edge which seemed to slice through premium rubber like it was a £10 forecourt shorty. Despite the freezing temperatures you lot were crunching though frosty sand and clinging to the marram grass in offshores gusting up to 40mph capturing the gift of Easter.
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Here's another "best of" the shots uploaded to the site over the last couple of days from the UK and Ireland. This was the weekend where the clocks changed and it looked so perfect until you stepped outside and realised that it might be officially spring but the thermostat was stuck somewhere in mid-February. In better news you all gained that extra hour for the post-work session. Did you score?


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Shipping Manager Kelli Hedrington agreed: "We've been working 10 hours a day for several weeks and will start working 12-hour days the second week of November," she said.
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SANTA CLARA, Calif. The governments of China and India will each announce plans to pump billions of dollars into their semiconductor industries this year, said Lip-Bu Tan, the chief executive of Cadence Design Systems Inc. and a veteran investor, bemoaning the decline of U.S. venture capital funding for chips.
In a roundtable with tech journalists before his keynote at the annual CDN Live event here, Tan shared his opinions on the lack of startups, the rising cost of chip design and the need to reposition the EDA industry for growth.
China and India are pouring money into semiconductors and the U.S. government should do the same, said Tan. If it doesnt, some day U.S. engineers will have to go to China to work, and its painful to see your kids go to the other side of the world, he said.
Tan said the U.S. was once home to as many as 30 VCs active in semiconductors, but now has five or fewer, including Walden International, Tans own company that has many investments in the U.S. and China. Its very alarming for me personally to see, so I am trying to reverse the trend, he said.
If the VC trend is not reversed, innovation will be threatened, so its important to see more startups funded, said Tan. The China and India governments are making semiconductors a strategy industry, but I would hate to see those countries have the most semiconductor companies."
There's money to be made in chip startups, says Lip Bu Tan who hopes to show more examples.
For the past decade, VCs have turned to Internet software and services companies such as Google and Facebook that have lower startup costs and higher return potential than most chip startups. Even Tan has participated in the trend as a member of the board at Weibo, a China social networking site that gained 500 million registered users in two years.
Tan points to Walden startups such as Ambarella as examples of viable chip ventures. With investments of less than $25 million, such companies grow to profitable firms that could be acquired for upwards of $100 million, he said. If you can demonstrate that, the VC money will come back, he said.


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Death notices for Oct. 20, 2013
Ronald Bullian, 79, Edgerton, died Friday at Rock Haven Nursing Home, Janesville. Private services will be held. Albrecht Funeral Home & Cremation Services, Edgerton, are assisting the family.
Craig P. Helgeland, 60, Genoa City, died Thursday at home. Services will be at 11 a.m. Wednesday at the Haase-Lockwood & Assoc. Funeral Home and Crematory, Genoa City. Visitation will be from 9 a.m. until the time of services Wednesday at the funeral home.
Wm. "Willie" Jerry Oninski, 83, Delavan Lake, died Thursday at Clement Zablocki Veterans Hospital, Milwaukee. Visitation will be from 10:30 a.m. to noon on Oct. 26 at Betzer Funeral Home, Delavan.
Evelyn Peterson, 97, Footville, formerly of Janesville, died Friday at St. Elizabeth Manor, Footville. Arrangements are pending at the Schneider Apfel Schneider & Schneider Funeral Home and Crematory, Janesville.
Richard E. "Dick" Rudisill, 79, Cambridge, died Tuesday at Meriter Hospital, Madison. Services will be held at 11 a.m. Monday at East Koshkonong Lutheran Church, Cambridge. Visitation will be held from 3 to 7 p.m. Sunday at the Ehlert Funeral Home and Cremation Services, Edgerton, and from 10 a.m. until the time of services Monday at the church.


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Janesville School Board considers gifts policy
JANESVILLE—Some Janesville School Board members have thrown a new idea into their ongoing discussion of gifts and ethics: What if the district hired a director of development?
Board member David DiStefano on Wednesday proposed the new position as a way of keeping other employees from having to deal with the ethical issues of soliciting donations from companies that do business with the district.
The discussion was part of a school board committee meeting.
Superintendent Karen Schulte liked the idea of keeping other employees away from soliciting donations, but she said she would, at some point, have to be involved in some donations, such as those for endowments.
Board member Scott Feldt said the superintendent is a special case and should be involved in donations.
The committee decided to continue discussion of a development director at its meeting next month.
The discussion arose out of recent incidents involving gifts to the district. One was a $10,000 gift that helped pay for trips to China as part of the superintendent's international initiative.
The gift was given by a district vendor who wanted anonymity, but Superintendent Karen Schulte eventually revealed who it was: Rhyme Business Products, which does a lot of business with the district and whose president is Mike Steinhoff, a 1978 graduate of Craig High School.
The other incident was Schulte's appearance in Mercy Health System advertising in which she told the story of her eye surgery. In return, Schulte asked Mercy to donate computer equipment.
The incidents were not illegal, but they raised questions. One of Schulte's responses has been that she's thinking outside the box to increase district revenues during tough times.
The specific incidents didn't come up Wednesday, but the committee did amend proposed changes to the district's gifts policy and sent the revised policy on to the full board for consideration. The board meets Tuesday.
The proposed policy requires the administration to inform the board of any gifts valued at $2,500 or more.
The committee discussed but rejected the idea that the board approve certain large gifts.
The policy also says the district CFO and purchasing manager may not solicit gifts from district vendors or potential vendors.
Further, the amended policy removes the ban on gifts that result in the district endorsing a business or product. The committee did not discuss this change.
The committee also postponed discussion of a new policy covering "testimonials," or endorsements. The policy says such endorsements must first be approved by the superintendent, and no testimonial will be given if a payment is involved.
District employees could make personal testimonials if they do not do so as district employees. A football coach, for instance, would not be able to endorse a product if he was asked to do so because he is well known through his job.
The full board could take up the gifts policy when it meets Tuesday.
Kevin Murray, who was prominent in raising the original issues, did not take any strong stands on the gifts policy.
"I'll wait for the board meeting," Murray said.
Last updated: 11:44 am Thursday, September 19, 2013


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Sound Off for Sunday, April 6, 2014
On international education: Thank you, Linda Smith, for your letter April 1 on the thoughts regarding the Chinese education plan. I hope the Janesville School Board will get out to the schools and visit. Kevin Murray does a great job listening and representing our community. There are many issues that need addressing in our schools.
--� On Page 1 of Wednesday's Gazette, Bill Sodemann was disappointed in his vote count. Easy answer—China.
On superintendent's column: Regarding Monday's Local Views by Karen Schulte, another fine example of facts mixed up by Schulte. She states that, "Yes Jerry Maguire wanted to see the money," but it was the character Rod Bidwell who wanted to see the money in the movie "Jerry Maguire."
On tax cut: When you get your paycheck next week, you might notice it's a little bigger. You can thank Gov. Scott Walker and Republicans for that. The Democrats wanted to keep your money and spend it for you because they believe government knows best how to spend your money.
On Obamacare: The Obama administration is claiming it got its 7 million people. The only thing we have is their word. They won't tell us how many have paid, how many duplicate applications they have and how many people were already insured and got kicked off. Obama says the debate is over. That's convenient when you can't win the debate.
On school referendums: If you wonder why so many passed Tuesday, it's because in spring elections only 12 percent of the people vote. That's why they put referendums on the spring ballot. They can get union members to vote. It doesn't reflect the will of the people; it's sneaking it past the people. Referendums should have to be on the ballot in November.
On white privilege: Parents of the Janesville students participating in the conference need to discuss the topics with their children, especially the topic against the tea party led by Leonard Susskind. According to him, the longer you are a member of the tea party, the more racist you become. What about all the different races that are members of the tea party?
�On humane society: Regarding Wednesday's Our Views, a wonderful editorial. Changing the name to Humane Society of Southern Wisconsin was a great idea, and I hope people will see it as the nonprofit it really is. Kudos to the new direction Brett Frazier is taking the humane society. It's about time!
On painting parties: An article in the kicks section Thursday is about "Van Gogh and a beer." My daughter, Valerie Saxer, has been teaching the same type of party for six months. It's the same thing these people are doing in Philadelphia. I wish you would start giving credit to Janesville people who are doing the same thing.
-- I have been holding paint parties in Janesville since October of last year, and I'd welcome any people from the city or surrounding area to join us. Look it up monettogogh.net.
On coal: The Obama administration wants to get rid of coal. That will mean a loss of jobs, especially in Wisconsin, as well as higher energy costs. How can Gov. Walker encourage job creation in Wisconsin when at every turn the federal government is instituting regulations to stop job growth?
On March 27 column: I would ask Matt Pommer what evidence he has that requiring an ID to vote restricts minority votes. What evidence does he have that limiting absentee voting to 55 hours a week is unfair in Democratic districts but not unfair in Republican districts? Pommer's columns are always one-sided and biased.
On redistricting: Regarding the stories on 5A and 11B Monday, Democratic activists are sniveling about redistricting. There was no whining about redistricting for the 10 years before when Democrats had the advantage. The reason Democrats are going to get slaughtered this fall has nothing to do with redistricting and everything to do with Obamacare.
On infrastructure: Instead of putting up expensive fire stations and putting money where it isn't necessary, maybe they should take some of the state surplus and check infrastructure underground, the gas lines. The infrastructure is more important than a glamorous fire station. We could all end up in trouble if our infrastructure breaks down.
On alcohol licenses: How proud are we of Wisconsin being known as the drinking state and our college students as boozers and guzzlers? I don't think we need alcohol in every establishment in Janesville. We should encourage less drinking, not more.


text: During the holidays, many people go to department stores in the mall or at outlets to purchase gifts. Not only do people shop at department stores for holiday gifts, but they also browse racks of clothes, shoes and handbags. Some department stores may host special events held at specific dates by the company. These can be to celebrate a holiday, introduce a new fashion line or just to bring in customers. They are done in the form of sales and incentives like free samples and coupons. For shoppers that do not want to be bothered visiting a store, many companies put a collection of their goods in a publication called a catalog. Most department stores carry apparel, handbags, perfume, fashion and household items. If you are thinking about shopping, here is a list of terms you should know that can help you get your shopping done quickly and efficiently.


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Janesville schools, along with others, closed Monday
Sunday, January 26, 2014
JANESVILLE--Janesville School District, along with many others, will be closed on Monday.
The National Weather Service in Sullivan is predicting "dangerously cold" weather starting tonight through late Wednesday.
As of 3 p.m., the following school districts have cancelled Monday classes: Janesville, Clinton, Beloit Turner and Parkview, and Blackhawk Technical College. St Mary's, St. Patrick's and St. William's catholic schools are closed Monday, as is Oakhill Christian School�
For a complete listing, visit the closings page at wclo.com.


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Scary Looking Cloud Club photos
Wednesday, August 28, 2013
Members of the Scary Looking Cloud Club don't pay dues or go through initiation rites. Instead, they just have to travel the world in search of creepy-looking clouds, take photos of them and email them to the National Weather Service in Sullivan. Here is a selection of some of their work. For more, visit http://www.crh.noaa.gov/mkx/?n=scary-clouds.


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Death Notices for Jan. 7, 2014
Nancy L. Antiporek, 74, formerly of Milton, died Sunday at Fort Memorial Hospital, Fort Atkinson. Visitation will be from 5 to 7 p.m. Friday at Albrecht Funeral Home and Cremation Services, Milton.
John Hardt, 85, Clinton, died Sunday at home. Services will be at 11 a.m. Thursday at Toynton Funeral Home, Sharon. Visitation will be from 10 a.m. until the time of services Thursday at the funeral home.
John E. Powers, 65, Janesville, died Sunday at Beloit Memorial Hospital, Beloit. Services will be at 11 a.m. Thursday at Bethel Baptist Church, Janesville. Visitation will be from 10 a.m. until the time of services Thursday at the church. Schneider Apfel Schneider & Schneider Funeral Home and Crematory, Janesville, is assisting the family.
Elizabeth "Muggsy" Psuik, 59, Lake Geneva, died Nov. 20 at home. A memorial event will take place from 3 to 5 p.m. Saturday at In The Drink, Lake Como. Steinke Funeral Home & Cremation Services, Lake Geneva, is assisting the family.
Helen R. Wall, 84, Dade City, Fla., died Monday in Dade City, Fla. No services are planned. Hodges Family Funeral Home, Dade City, Fla., is assisting the family.


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Your Views: Those who deny global warming simply don't understand effects
Wednesday, January 29, 2014
This is in response to the recent Sound Off on global warming. Here we go again. Every winter it has to be explained to the global warming deniers the effects of global warming.
Global warming causes the oceans to warm up. As this warmer water moves north, it warms the air above it. This displaces the cold arctic air, forcing it south over the North American and Eurasian landmasses.
When are these Luddites going to learn and understand this?
Founder and president


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The Canadian Diabetes Association became Diabetes Canada on February 13, 2017 to shed light on the diabetes epidemic Canada is facing. It's taking a monumental toll on our health.
Now is the time to do more - much more.
By speaking with a stronger, clearer voice, Diabetes Canada will raise the profile of diabetes and bring more Canadians to our cause.
If you've noticed any signs and symptoms of diabetes, visit your doctor and get checked now.
Find diabetes-friendly recipes for every meal.
Look for special events, expos, programs and services close to home or a mouse-click away.
We invest in world-class diabetes research to find a cure and help people live healthy lives.
Diabetes Canada accepts gently used clothing, electronics and small household items.
View and download the 2016 accessible and interactive report.
Learn more about our evidence-based Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Prevention and Management of Diabetes.


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SEC, FINRA Warns Investors of Pension Income Stream Risks
Investors wanting to sell their rights to an income stream or investing in one that belongs to someone else need to be aware of several risks, the SEC and FINRA warned.
In an alert issued Wednesday on what investors need to know before buying or selling pension or settlement income streams, both agencies said investors also need to know what conditions come with promised higher yields.
Anyone receiving a monthly pension or regular distributions from a settlement following a personal injury lawsuit may be targeted by salespeople offering an immediate lump sum in exchange for the rights to some or all of the payments the person would otherwise receive in the future, the SEC said.
Typically, recipients of a pension or structured settlement will sign over the rights to some or all of their monthly payments to a factoring company in return for a lump sum amount, which will almost always be significantly lower than the present value of that future income stream, according to the SEC.
The SEC and FINRA investor alert contains a checklist of questions before selling away an income stream such as asking if the transaction is legal and does federal law restrict or prohibit retirees from assigning their pension to someone else.
Investors should also check the factoring company's record with the Better Business Bureau, and research the firm on the Internet and with a financial professional, the SEC said.
The investor alert also warns investors who might be attracted to the yield offered by buying the rights to someone else's pension or structured settlement to be aware that they may encounter commissions of 7% or higher, according to the SEC.
Pension and structured settlement income stream products may or may not be securities and likely are not registered with the SEC, the agency said. The products could also be difficult to sell if an investor needs money and wants to sell the product. Their rights to the income stream purchased could face legal challenges as well, the SEC added.
The SEC has posted additional information on what investors need to be aware of.


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Death notices for Nov. 18, 2013
Monday, November 18, 2013
Ralph E. Cooper, 90, Janesville, died Saturday at home. Services will be at 11 a.m. Thursday at Asbury United Methodist Church, Janesville. Visitation will be from 4 to 6 p.m. Wednesday at Henke-Clarson Funeral Home, Janesville, and from 10 a.m. until the time of services Thursday at the church.
John Sauerzopf, 84, Janesville, died Saturday at home. A celebration of life will be held from 4 to 6 p.m. Wednesday at Schneider Apfel Schneider & Schneider Funeral Home and Crematory, Janesville.
Robert T. Stewart, 79, Fontana, died Friday at Golden Years Nursing Home, Walworth. Arrangements are pending with Toynton Funeral Home, Walworth.


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Irish Fest ends with green and gold and green
JANESVILLE--On Sunday afternoon, visitors to downtown Janesville were greeted by an unusual trio of sounds: bagpipes, rock 'n' roll and play-by-play chatter of a Packers football game.
It was the final day of Janesville's first Irish Fest, a four-day event that combined food, music, entertainment and family activities. The Packers' game was another excellent excuse to wear green.
Despite cool weather that kept Sunday's attendance lower than it might have been, organizers said they were happy with the turnout, and hoped the city would come together for another Irish Fest next year.
Along with a second performance from Gaelic Storm in the evening, Sunday's events included "Shamrock Around the Block" on Main Street and a family festival sponsored by Mercy Health Systems in Courthouse Park.
Dan Fredericks, Irish Fest co-chairman, said much of the success was due to the number of organizations who partnered to put on a diverse range of activities.
In addition, nonprofits partnered with each other or with businesses to support the festival and do some fundraising for themselves, Fredericks said.
For example, nonprofit Independent Disability Services worked with Rotary Botanical Gardens for Sunday's pancake breakfast.
"On Thursday, you had Kutter (Harley-Davidson), Quaker Steak & Lube, and the Learning Development Academy from Forward Janesville working together," said Fredericks.�
More than that, Janesville residents finally seemed willing to embrace an event wholeheartedly. Saturday's concert was sold out and Friday's banquet and documentary showing was full.
What made the difference?
"It's the Irish," Fredericks said. "Irish people go to every event they can. People were saying that not only do they go to the Milwaukee Irish Fest, but they go to the Oshkosh Irish Fest, and the Irish Fest in Iowa."
Matt Schreier, owner of the Looking Glass, 18 S. Main St., and organizer of Shamrock Around the Block, dressed in a kilt for the event, as did Bruce Monson, another downtown supporter.
Shamrock Around the Block was smaller that "Rock Around the Block," the end-of-summer event that was canceled this year. It many ways, this event worked better, Schreier said.�
"It was easier to manage, we had better logistical control over this event," Schreier said. "I'd really like to more city-wide events like this one."


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C. Hjalmer "Jolly" Hanson, Janesville (1912 - 2013)
September 25, 1912 - December 23, 2013
C. Hjalmer "Jolly" Hanson, age 101, of Janesville, died on Monday, December 23, 2013, at Cedar Crest, Janesville. He was born on September 25, 1912, in Wesby, the son of Hans and Clara (Mahlum) Hanson. On June 14, 1942, he married Juna Nustad who preceded him in death on December 12, 1994. Jolly was employed at Wisconsin Power & Light for 31 years and retired in 1977, as Division Operating Superintendent. He was a very active member of the Sons of Norway Lodge #544 where he held many local and regional offices and supported many of their special projects.
He is survived by his sons, Rodney (Barbara) Hanson of Lodi, WI and Russell (Carla) Hanson of Milton; granddaughters, Kari (Mike) Gloudemans and Rebecca (Shannon) Van Essen; great grandchildren: Grant, Wade and Claire Gloudemans, and Neva and Tori Van Essen; sister-in-law, Vivan Lee; and many nieces and nephews. In addition to his wife, he was preceded in death by two sisters, Evelyn and Marie, and a brother, Marvin, all of whom died at a very early age and one adult brother, Tilmer Hanson and a very special friend, Freda Lewis.
A Funeral Service will be held at 11:00 a.m. on Monday, Dec. 30, 2013, at FIRST LUTHERAN CHURCH, 612 N. Randall Ave, Janesville, WI with Rev. James Melvin officiating. Visitation will be held Monday from 10:00 a.m. until time of service at the church. Burial will be at COON PRAIRIE CEMETERY, Westby, WI. SCHNEIDER APFEL SCHNEIDER & SCHNEIDER FUNERAL HOME & CREMATORY, Janesville is assisting the family. In lieu of other expressions of sympathy, memorials may be directed to First Lutheran Church Endowment Fund in Janesville or Hospice Care, 3001 W. Memorial Drive, Janesville or the Lodi Women's Club Library or First Presbyterian Church, both in Lodi.
For on-line obituary and condolences: www.schneiderfuneraldirectors.com
"The family would like to thank the staff of Cedar Crest Assisted Living and Hospice for the care given to Jolly while he was a resident at Cedar Crest."


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North Park Village Nature Center
5801 N. Pulaski Rd. Chicago, Illinois 60646
(312) 744-5472
Fee: Free
Registration Fee: Free
Age Range: 6 years and older
Bring out the entire family to help us tap a maple tree and learn the whole maple syrup story from sappy beginnings to a sweet, tasty ending. Adults & families with children age 6 and up. Registration required.


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Jury awards $6.3 million to estate of former East Troy teen
MILWAUKEE -- A Milwaukee County jury has found Advance Cast Stone primarily to blame for the collapse that killed a a former East Troy teen and injured two others.
Fifteen-year-old Jared Kellner of Greenfield was on his way to Summerfest June 24, 2010 when a 13-ton concrete panel fell off the O'Donnell Park parking structure and killed him.
The jury awarded $6.3 million to the estate of Jared Kellner for pain and suffering before he died and $500,000 to his mother, Dawn Kellner. The jury awarded Milwaukee County $6 million in repair costs and lost revenue.
The jury also ruled that J.H. Findorff and Sons was 10 percent of the blame and Milwaukee County 2 percent.
Advance Cast Stone of Random Lake produced and installed the panels on the facade of the O'Donnell parking structure in downtown Milwaukee in the early 1990s.
Kellner, who had grown up in East Troy was with his friend, Eric Wosinski of East Troy, and Eric's mother, Amy Wosinski, who also were injured in the accident.
Amy and Eric Wosinski claim in the suit filed in Jan. 2011 that they suffered "severe physical and emotional injury" from the collapse of a 13 1/2 ton concrete panel.
Amy Wosinski needed a below-the-knee amputation and her son Eric Wosinski suffered a broken leg.


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Gio pleased to have name cleared by MLB
Linked to Biogenesis, Nats lefty deemed to have not violated drug program
By Andrew Simon / MLB.com
WASHINGTON -- Major League Baseball cleared the name of Nationals starting pitcher Gio Gonzalez on Monday, when it handed out suspensions to 13 players as the result of its investigations into the Florida anti-aging clinic Biogenesis.
In a statement released on Monday afternoon, MLB said its investigation "found no violations of the Joint Drug Prevention and Treatment Program" by Gonzalez or Orioles infielder Danny Valencia.
Gonzalez was not available to the media prior to the Nationals' game against the Braves on Monday night but released a statement through the team.
A-Rod to appeal suspension through 2014
Across game, eagerness to move forward
50-game suspensions: Cruz | Peralta | E. Cabrera
Major bans span across sports, history
Justice: Players support protecting integrity
Bauman: Suspensions most painful part
Gio pleased to have name cleared
Braun suspended for rest of '13
Commissioner Selig's statement
Releases: Suspensions | A-Rod disciplined
Drug Policy in Baseball
Duquette, Justice on suspensions
A-Rod on suspension, appeal
MLB broadcasters react
More video
"I am very pleased that Major League Baseball has cleared my name," Gonzalez said. "With this process now complete, I have no lingering sense of animosity, as I quickly realized that the objective of this investigation was to clean up our game. This is an ideal that I share with both Major League Baseball and the MLBPA. I would also like to acknowledge the unwavering support of my teammates, the Lerner Family, [general manager] Mike Rizzo, [manager] Davey Johnson, our coaching staff and Nationals fans everywhere."
MLB on Monday suspended 13 players as a result of the league's Biogenesis investigation. Yankees third baseman Alex Rodriguez received the stiffest penalty -- a 211-game ban without pay through the end of the 2014 regular season. Rodriguez, 38, has appealed the suspension, which is to begin Thursday. His case will be heard by arbitrator Fredric Horowitz. Rodriguez's discipline, MLB said in its written announcement, is based on his use and possession of numerous forms of prohibited performance-enhancing substances, including testosterone and human growth hormone, over the course of multiple years. Rodriguez's discipline under the Basic Agreement is for attempting to cover up his violations of the program by engaging in a course of conduct intended to "obstruct and frustrate" the investigation.
The other players who were handed 50-game suspensions include Rangers outfielder Nelson Cruz, Tigers shortstop Jhonny Peralta, Mariners catcher Jesus Montero, Padres shortstop Everth Cabrera, Yankees catcher Francisco Cervelli, Phillies reliever Antonio Bastardo and recently demoted Mets utility man Jordany Valdespin. Minor Leaguers Fernando Martinez, Jordan Norberto, Fautino de los Santos, Cesar Puello and Sergio Escalona were also suspended.
Gonzalez always had denied using performance-enhancing drugs, despite the Miami New Times' report that linked him to Biogenesis' Anthony Bosch. ESPN's "Outside the Lines" later reported that Gonzalez only received substances not on MLB's banned-substances list.
"I know Gio and I believed him from the get-go," Johnson said.
Johnson said he shared a conversation with Gonzalez during Spring Training and came away with the sense that his left-hander "wasn't concerned about it."
"Just of course like anybody else [he] was upset that he was even linked to it," Johnson said. "But it is a relief that now everybody knows it wasn't a problem. It's just another distraction you don't have to deal with."
First baseman Adam LaRoche also said he didn't have doubts about Gonzalez's innocence.
"I think enough of us talked to him early on that we knew he was free and clear on that," LaRoche said. "So it's good peace of mind for him and for any skeptics out there to have it confirmed. I'm sure it's a big weight off his shoulders."
Johnson's one quibble with MLB's investigation was that it took until Monday for Gonzalez to see his name cleared. Reliever Tyler Clippard called it "unfortunate" that his teammate's name was linked to the Biogenesis investigation at all.
"He's obviously been doing the right things," Clippard said. "Gio's a good guy, and he wasn't cheating. For him to be on the list in the first place is kind of unfortunate, but I guess this is good for him to get a clean slate. He really shouldn't have been mentioned anyway, but that's neither here nor there. It's good that he's clean."
Gonzalez, who is 7-4 with a 3.57 ERA in 22 starts this season, will take the ball against the Braves on Tuesday night.
Andrew Simon is a reporter for MLB.com. Follow him on Twitter @HitTheCutoff. This story was not subject to the approval of Major League Baseball or its clubs.


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Garfield Park Conservatory
300 N. Central Park Ave. Chicago, Illinois 60624
(773) 638-1766
Fee: FREE
The second edition of The City in a Garden illuminates Chicago's 175-year commitment to its public parks. With historical plans, photographs and drawings, it explores how luminaries such as architect Daniel H. Burnham, landscape architect and conservationist Jens Jensen, and social reformer Jane Addams shaped and influenced Chicago's venerable green spaces.
The author will share other second edition highlights including recent research, numerous restoration projects, and newly-designed facilities, such as Millennium Park and Palmisano Park.
Julia Bachrach has served as historian and preservationist for the Chicago Park District for more than 20 years. Bachrach is coauthor of Inspired by Nature: The Garfield Park Conservatory and Chicago's West Side.
The second edition of The City in a Garden is published by Center for American Places at Columbia College Chicago and is distributed by the University of Chicago Press.


text: Jewelry makes the perfect gift for an anniversary, birthday or other special event. Women especially enjoy these ornament, from bracelets to diamond rings. But men also wear jewelry, such as necklaces and earrings. Wholesale jewelers sell bulk quantities of gold and silver jewelry to retailers. Retailers then sell items like fashion watches, pendants, and gem stones in shops within malls and boutiques to the public. Some wholesalers specialize in costume jewelry, which is not made with real gold or silver, while others offer only the highest quality gold and platinum silver available. Know these popular terms before you buy in bulk at cheap discounts from wholesaler jewelers. And remember, the more you buy for your business, the more you will save. Stock up now and enjoy the cheap discounts available from jewelers wholesale, in person, over the phone, and online.


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Ivacaftor/Strong and Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors Interactions
This information is generalized and not intended as specific medical advice. Consult your healthcare professional before taking or discontinuing any drug or commencing any course of treatment.
Medical warning:
Serious. These medicines may interact and cause very harmful effects. Contact your healthcare professional (e.g. doctor or pharmacist) for more information.
How the interaction occurs:
Some medicines may slow down how quickly your liver processes ivacaftor.
What might happen:
The amount of ivacaftor in your blood may increase and cause more side effects than normally expected.
What you should do about this interaction:
Let your healthcare professionals (e.g. doctor or pharmacist) know that you are taking these medicines together. Your doctor may want to adjust the dose of your ivacaftor while you are taking your other medicine. Let your doctor know right away if you have any pain or discomfort in the upper right stomach (abdominal) area, yellowing of the skin or eyes, loss of appetite, nausea or vomiting, or dark/amber-colored urine.Your healthcare professionals may already be aware of this interaction and may be monitoring you for it. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicine before checking with them first.
- 1.Kalydeco (ivacaftor) US prescribing information. Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated March, 2015.
- 2.Liddy AM, McLaughlin G, Schmitz S, D'Arcy DM, Barry MG. The Pharmacokinetic Interaction between Ivacaftor and Ritonavir in Healthy Volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2017 May 06.
- 3.US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Drug Development and Drug Interactions: Table of Substrates, Inhibitors and Inducers. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DevelopmentApprovalProcess/DevelopmentResources/D rugInteractionsLabeling/ucm093664.htm. Updated 08/05/2011.
- 4.Flockhart DA. Drug Interactions: Cytochrome P450 Drug Interaction Table. Indiana University School of Medicine. Available at: http://medicine.iupui.edu/clinpharm/ddis/table.aspx August 18, 2011.
- 5.This information is based on or an extract from the UW Metabolism and Transport Drug Interaction Database (DIDB) Platform, Copyright University of Washington 1999-2014..


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Compare and contrast the processes of Mitosis and Meiosis
Discussion of all aspects of cellular structure, physiology and communication.
Moderator: BioTeam
4 posts • Page 1 of 1
Compare and contrast the processes of Mitosis and Meiosis
Hi! I'm a newbie here so I'm unfamiliar with the way things work around here...
I know this is a MASSIVE ask but it's extremely important!
I have a question about Mitosis and Meiosis. On the 31st of July I will have 40 minutes to compose a written response fully explaining all points and descriptions of processes where appropriate (I may draw labelled diagrams) comparing and contrasting the processes of Mitosis and Meiosis.
Firstly, I understand I need to know what Mitosis and Meiosis is before attempting to compare and contrast them, despite reading and reading websites, watching YouTube videos the concepts are still pretty fresh for me, in other words, it is almost foreign... It's such a difficult concept to grasp! (for me at least....)
Here's a general outline of what I already know. (It may be incorrect, let me know!)
Mitosis occurs in all cells of the body. A cell duplicates and two daughter cells are produced - both with identical DNA. Mitosis occurs to replace damaged cells, to grow and to repair our bodies.
This is just about all I know, I know that Mitosis occurs in stages (Prophase, prometaphase, metaphase anaphase and telophase). Please elaborate on this, anything that you deem important will be imperative for me to understand in this task.
Meiosis. Meiosis occurs in the reproductive system. Instead of 2 cells being produced like in mitosis, 4 cells are produced and with half the amount of chromosomes.
See? I am quite limited regardless of the amount of reading and watching I do... I need someone to explain (preferably someone who is certain they know they're correct) thoroughly to me both processes (in simple ENGLISH!!). I have some notes regarding the contrast of both processes. Here:
Meiosis is cell division for gametes.
Prior the process of meiosis and mitosis DNA replication occurs. In both processes the nuclear membrane breaks down as the DNA organises into what is known as chromosomes. Chromosomes carry genetic information in the form of genes. In meiosis the chromosome synapse, this results in the mixing of genetic information between the chromosome pairs. The paired chromosome then line up at the equator of cell and subsequently separate with each chromosome travelling to either end of the cell. In meiosis a second cell division occurs resulting in 4 cells with half the number of chromosomes. Mitosis involves a single division resulting in 2 cells with no change in number of chromosomes.
I need to fill out 40 minutes of writing - clearly this is insufficient.
I know this is a MASSIVE ask and you may be taking time out your lives to help me, for which I am deeply thankful.
Thank you... please help me!!!
Re: Compare and contrast the processes of Mitosis and Meiosis
U can write a lot mre about dis topic.
Mitosis n Meiosis
1. Similarities
2. Differences
3. Difference in Plant Cell mitosis and Animal Mitosis.
4. Difference Substages of Prophase 1 of Meiosis. (Leptotene,Zygotene,Pachytene,Diplotend,Diakinesis)
5.Significance of Mitosis and Meiosis
6. Disorders during Cell Divison. (Non Disjunction and others)
Meiosis is a two step process in whch the first division is reductional while the second division is equational. DNA is recombinant in daughter cell and not same as that of parent cell unlike mitosis.
If u need more detailed info u can rply back at [email protected].
I guess now u have a lot to write about.
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Stomach bloating and weight gain
For discussing the functions of different structures of all organisms.
Moderator: BioTeam
You will probably find out that you are allergic/intolerant of foods that you are eating. I found out that I am intolerant of soy and corn. And when you start looking for soy on labels, you will find it in alot of foods that you buy at the store already made (processed foods). And corn is in everything too - even the food wax they put on fresh fruit is made from corn! I use digestive enzymes when I know I am going out to eat to help me process my meal that will undoubtly have soy or corn in it.
All the fennel seed, peppermint, and even digestive enzymes will not help the problem go away. Your immune system is very strong and if it doesn't like something and you put it into your body, it is going to attack it (and laugh at the herbs). But that is a good thing in a way, at least your immune system is working as it should! But if you eat the intolerant foods over and over, your immune system will start to be compromised and chronic reactions leading to disease (celiac is one, lupus is another) can happen.
Re: Stomach bloating and weight gain
You seem to have good background in biology, surely you must know most ingested enzymes will be denatured and destroyed upon entering the stomach. Perhaps if you dilute your system with water and take the enzyme exactly when your eating your food, the enzyme may work, otherwise your just making little peptide bonds that will be useless.
Not so. Not most ingested enzymes will be denatured and destroyed upon entering the stomache. Stomach acids do not secrete until the food is ingested and takes a couple of minutes to "gear up" for the meal coming (acinar cells and pancreatic juices). Also as the food hits the stomach it piles up in there, and doesn't begin mixing into chyme till it gets down to the duodenum and empties into the small intestine. So if I take the digestion enzymes, and for all the raw food theories of plant enzymes that aid in the digestion of food, it will begin to work right away before the food particles start to come into contact with the stomach acids and digestion juices.
Plus I have done some personal experiments with digestion enzymes. I noticed that my bms were more homogenous when I took them, and heterogenous when I do not take them (partial digestion of food particles - and yes, I need to chew my food better). So for me they do work based on my observations.
OMG GUYS!!!! i have EXACTLY what you had, if not worse! a stomach so bloated i thought i was going to pop out a baby any second. It had been this way for like 2 yrs, making me so depressed. I have been seeing a gastroenterolegist for a yr and he just could not work out what it was.
I just came home from his office and he found out: Constipation. And i am telling ALL of you: GO TAKE A SMALL BOWEL SERIES NOW!!!!!! (its a type of xray). I never thought it could be constipation cause i do go a couple of times a wk and i had NO pains in my stomach so i thought 'absolutely not'.
You may not think it is but chances are high that it is. Now i'm drinking some medication for a few days to flush my bowels and it will be totally flat again! (hopefully)
I am also the biggest yo-yo dieter which may have contributed and still currently have an eating disorder so i'm gonna work on that and DEFINITELY eat sumthing HIGHLY FIBROUS EVERY DAY so this NEVA EVA EVA happens again!!!! I dnt care how fat my ass gets from the fibrous food it could NEVA be as horrible looking as this 3rd trimester looking gut
Please tell me that people know that they are suppose to eliminate at the minimum once a DAY, and that ideally it is twice a DAY.
Just think about it. What goes in has to come out. Your body doesn't incorporate all that stuff that you eat (unless you count the newly made adipose tissue/fat storage - but I don't want to count that as it is another subject altogether).
Re: Stomach bloating and weight gain
Setting the denature claim aside, enzymes are proteins and as such they are nothing more than steak to the stomach and the enzymes will be digested just like other proteins. This is why enzymes like insulin are administered subcutaneous rather than ingesting a pill.
Like I said before, if you ingest an enzyme pill at the moment you are in-taking food, your wonder enzyme pill might just have a possibility of working, much like the pills used for those who are lactose intolerant.
In general enzyme supplements are nothing more than snake oil, and I would love to see any FDA approved data that you have to refute my stance.
belly bloating
i too suffer from a bloated belly. i do have an IBS, but have had that for 20 years. The out of contro bloating has just been for the lat 5.I am sick of looking pregnant and i too gainned 15-20 pounds. Help
Re: Stomach bloating and weight gain
Hi, I am in the same boat as all of you. I do have ulcerative colitis, but have had that for the last 20 years. It has only been the last 5 years that I have been looking 3 months pregnant and gained weight. It is very frunterating., as my docotor wants for chalk it up to my age....I am 45, He said after 40 your body changes, and i should just accept it...no way. Any ideas on how to get tho the bottom of this. lorib
Re: Stomach bloating and weight gain
You should not generalize things. There is a big difference between purified enzymes, steak, and insulin. You need to look at the whole system, and not just what happens in the lab.
IBS, ulcerative colitis, bloated belly, and any other digestive ailment, all begin with what you are eating. Start doing research and taking tests to find out what it could be that is upsetting your GI tract. There is not one reason for everybody, except that it is what you are eating/putting into your system. Then again, it could be some organ that is misfunctioning also causing the inflammation/bloating, but that would be continuous and not just after eating/waking up without bloating.
Yeah, get out and start taking responsibility for your own health. Doctors deal with symptoms most of the time. I have a good relationship with my doctor who knows that I am smart and look into everything. We collaborate and tests were (and still are) done, and a diagnosis was made. Then the choice of treatment began. I go for the more holistic approach, as my problem was not chronic nor acute, and digestive enzymes were part of a routine I did. I saw observable results for ME when using them, but didn't see any results in some of the herbs I took. I also cut out alot of foods, and didn't see results for about a couple of months or so (dairy for me was the culprit).
Become your own scientist in finding out what works and does not work for your body, which is unique in not only the DNA genomic blueprint, or the epimorphic/phenotypic expression of the DNA, but also what your environment it has and is in. Do your own research, and proceed.
Re: Stomach bloating and weight gain
Aside from trying to distract the readers from my statements, you have yet provided any information that supports your claims. I suspect you will find it difficult to find any medical or other scientific journals that support your claims.
Oh my.
What specific info do you want on what? On my claim that digestive enzymes can help you? That digestive enzymes do not become "digested" as you said? If that was even true, then our digestive enzymes wouldn't work either, and why would we even have them in the first place?
And my point was that steak in the stomach is treated differently than anything else. Even vegetables and fruit are digested differently. All with different digestive enzymes (amylase, lipases, proteases, lactase, peptidases, cellulase, etc.) and albeit in different parts of the GI tract (stomach, duodenum, small intestines, large intestines), digesting the food differently. And depending on what the meal consists of (high protein. low carbs, high fat, even burnt meat with its cholesterol derivatives), different reactions begin different cascades thru out the body. Even the immune system gets involved.
Insulin is a hormone that needs to be delivered to the place where it can do the most good. The body specifically makes the insulin in the beta cells of the pancreas, and exocytosis/secretes it into the capillaries and is taken into the blood. You want to get the insulin into the blood, and not into the epithelial cells that make up the GI tract. I do not know if there is a receptor for the insulin on the apical side of the cells to transport the insulin across the cells and exocytose the insulin on the other side and into the blood. The cells were not developed to recieve insulin on that side of the cell, or any side of the those cells. They take up glucose (GLUT receptors) that then enters the bloodstream, and the level of glucose in the blood then activates the pancreas to secrete insulin.
I also do not wait for scientists to do a clinical research with a group of people who may or may not have the same symptoms, body-type, life-style, etc., as I have. I am unique with my own genetics, environment, and life choices.
Unfortunately I have come to the conclusion that scientist do not know everything, and that I have to do my own research. As I have said before, digestive enzymes are now being used for certain diseases and illnesses (google digestive enzymes and health and you will get a plethora of websites - some are good and some are not). In my case, as I am getting older and have had bouts of severe stress placed on my body, my digestive enzymes are not at a level like I had in my youth. So now I need help. I am also researching now the different foods to ingest that could help me even more in my goal of health. Let the experimenting begin!!
Last edited by kolean on Tue Jul 21, 2009 2:11 pm, edited 1 time in total.
Re: Stomach bloating and weight gain
to the lady that gaines 70 pounds.
drink 4 glasses of water a day with 4 glasses of cranberry juice.
also,vast quantities of cannes or frash pears.
you'll get thinner.and,your stomach will feel comfortable.
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An important European ruling on May 13 has given citizens the green light in asking that their personal information be removed from the internet, search engine provider Google now needs to figure out how to handle an expected flood of requests asking for information to be removed from its engine. Reuters reported that the decision by the Court of Justice of the European Union requires that all Internet search services remove information deemed "inadequate, irrelevant or no longer relevant."
To abide by this new ruling, Google will need to hire several removal experts in each of the 28 European Union countries, including those where Google does not have operations. Whether those staffers remove controversial links or judge the merits of individual take-down requests are among the many questions Google has yet to figure out.
"A simple way of understanding what happened here is that you have a collision between a right to be forgotten and a right to know. From Google's perspective that's a balance," Google Executive Chairman Eric Schmidt said at an annual shareholder meeting. "Google believes having looked at the decision, which is binding, that the balance that was struck was wrong."
Following the decision, Europeans can submit take-down requests to Internet companies rather than to local authorities. If a search engine elects not to remove the link, a person can then seek redress from the courts. The criteria for determining which take-down requests are legitimate is not clear from the decision, according to Jeffrey Rosen, a law professor at the George Washington University and head of the National Constitution Center. This ruling seems to give search engines more leeway to dismiss take-down requests for links to webpages about public figures, in which the information is deemed to be of public interest.
In Europe, Google is the dominant search engine, responsible for 93 percent of the market, according to StatCounter. Meanwhile, Bing has 2.4 percent and Yahoo has 1.7 percent. Google has some experience dealing with take-down requests in its YouTube video website, which has a process to remove uploads that infringe copyrights as the company has automated a lot of the process with a ContentID system that scans videos for particular content that media companies have provided to YouTube. In fact, Google may be able to create similar technology to address the EU requirements, said BGC Partners analyst Colin Gillis.
Overall, Google has expressed disappointment with the ruling, which it noted differed from a non-binding opinion by the ECJ's court adviser in 2013. Meanwhile, Yahoo is also reviewing the decision to assess the impact for its business. "Since our founding almost 20 years ago, we've supported an open and free internet; not one shaded by censorship," Yahoo said.
For more news on Google, check out these articles:
EU court ruling honors citizens' 'right to be forgotten'
Google lawsuit against Rockstar to stay in California
Google tries to trademark the word 'Glass'


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Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic
Discussion of all aspects of cellular structure, physiology and communication.
Moderator: BioTeam
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Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic
For an assignment I have to explain what the differences between eukaryotic animal, eukaryotic plant and prokaryotic cells are in detail and with examples. I could figure out the prokaryotic cell but not the differences between the eukaryotic plant and animal cells. If anyone knows anything about them could you please help me? Thanks
If it's not too late already for your assignment, very briefly:
prokaryotic cells are in general much smaller than eukaryotic ones, they have no membrane-bound organelles, and the only organelles they have are ribosomes (which are also smaller than the ones in eukaryotes).
Prokaryotes are generally known as bacteria. Today they are grouped into two separate large "fields" or domains, the (true) bacteria and the Archaea or archaea bacteria.
The genetic material in prokaryotes is one single, ring-shaped chromosome, while in eukaryotes it is in the form of rod-shaped chromosomes.
Most bacteria have cell wall made in majority by peptidogylcans.
Eukaryotic organisms are divided into 4 kingdoms: the Protista (unicellular, both auto- and heterotrophic organisms; also multicellular algae are grouped in here), the plants, the fungi or mushrooms and the animals (including humans as well).
Plant and algal cells have cell walls which contain cellulose, while fungal cell have cell walls with chitin. Animal cells have never any kind of cell wall.
Major difference between most plant and animal cells are not only the presence/absence of cell walls, but in plant cells we find some organelles not present in animal cells, such as a large central vacuole, different plastids (of which the green chloroplasts, which are performing photosysnthesis are best known) and lack of centrioles.
What are prokayotes and eukaryote?
http://www.understandbiology.com/2012/1 ... yotes.html
Difference between prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
http://www.understandbiology.com/2012/1 ... yotes.html
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Council vote ends contentious fire station discussion
JANESVILLE--After almost two tumultuous months of community discussion about the cost, location and fairness of pushing people out of their homes to make way for a new central fire station, the Janesville City Council on Monday voted 6 to 1 to accept a staff recommendation first outlined in closed session in November to build just north of the current location at 303 Milton Avenue.
Several of the owners of the 12 homes targeted have accused council members of already making up their minds by the time it became public in late February.
Councilman Matt Kealy was the sole "no" vote. He preferred to remodel the existing station.
The approved option allows firefighters to continue to work out of the current building. That building will then be demolished, as well.
Fire Chief Jim Jensen has said the current location on Milton Avenue results in the best overall response time for the community.
Several residents spoke, and Barry Badertscher, 2407 Cherokee Road, said the council should not "nickel and dime" the project, especially in light of the sacrifice residents who will be forced to move are making.
Janice Sperry, 911 S. Lexington Drive, suggested the city instead add on to an existing fire station to save the homes of the neighbors who pay property taxes.
Patrick McDonald, 435 Grove St., questioned the importance of the all-important four-minute response time, noting the response time to his home, nearby Craig High School and several elementary schools are all outside that four-minute zone.
He noted a site at the corner of Randall Avenue and Racine Street had long been discussed as optimal.
Council members Douglas Marklein and Jim Farrell even threw out two other locations at Monday's meeting. Councilman Sam Leibert noted the suggestions were coming a little late in the process.
Marklein suggested Upper Courthouse Park, which Jensen said was too small at 1.6 acres.
Farrell suggested Jefferson Park at Holmes Street and Atwood Avenue. The park in the Courthouse Hill neighborhood is large enough at 2.2 acres, but the location would add to response time, Jensen said.
Mark Freitag, city manager, said introducing a fire station into a neighborhood that has never had a fire station "would be a very emotional discussion and meet more resistance than the council anticipates at this point."
Liebert said the council needed to make a decision Monday and be "decisive and bold. Tonight will be about tomorrow," he said. He said he was OK with not getting elected if it means maintaining the best response times.
Marklein also asked the staff to set a $9 million budget for the building rather than $9.5 million. He was considering an $8 million budget, but decided it was too lean considering $1.5 million of that is earmarked for property acquisition and relocation of neighbors.
Liebert noted the city already has borrowed more than $1 million for the station, so it could make up any difference and still build a $9.5 million station.
Council President Kathy Voskuil suggested that two council members sit on the design team, and the rest of the council agreed.
Kealy warned that the council has many other projects looming, including increased road construction, the demolition of the parking structure over the river and possible plans to partner with private entities to improve the downtown.
"These are all things we're going to have to watch with our capital moving forward," he said.
The council is already nearing a borrowing limit it set for itself, Jay Winzenz, director of administration, said.


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Suitcase generators - small and powerfull!
Moshi monsters - pet monsters for your home!
Timeless picnic: retro style cool boxes
Peppa Pig - children all love Peppa! And so do we!
Clark boots for girls - Boots that are truely made for walking!
(191 products found for "MFI kitchen doors")


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Book Reviews: Small Format Aerial Photography, by W.S. Warner, R. W. Graham, and R. E. Read
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