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Brain size=IQ level theory (Blacks vs Whites & Asians)
Human Anatomy, Physiology, and Medicine. Anything human!
Moderator: BioTeam
Yeah, after I caught that it was too late to change it. Maybe Canalon can fix it. I'd hate to give the impression that it's his quote.
Re: Re:
I came back from my long disappearance and fixed your problems. But in that case, if you had failed to raise from the dead, any mods would have been able to solve your problem.
Science has proof without any certainty. Creationists have certainty without
any proof. (Ashley Montague)
Re: Re:
Seeing as how you're one of the rational and reality-based people on the thread you're the last person that statement should be attributed to.
Re: Brain size=IQ level theory (Blacks vs Whites & Asians)
I'd first point out that the contention "the races are equals" [in anything] is a statement that should be supported by positive evidence. Those of us who are reading this should know that your case isn't made simply because someone with whom you disagree has not made his. Your side of a debate isn't privileged to be any kind of default position, standing like a castle in the air, unless someone else can prove that castles can't stand upon air.
So the second presumption of the poster "TruthIsHoly" is his giving us the impression that the races must be equals without offering us any proof that it is so. His first presumption is his selection of a politically pushy name. Truth might be holy, but there are no holy sources of truth, including his keyboard or the studies he quotes from. All valid experiments are repeatable, truth is known only with some degree of confidence or other, and nobody ever has the "holy" final word on what the truth is.
Let us observe that it is not at all unreasonable for human intelligence to correlate well with brain size, or with the ratio of brain mass to body mass. We can more-or-less see that in human evolution, and we see it in primates other than humans, and we see it in mammals generally.
Let's also take cognizance of the fact that brain sizes might indeed vary racially in the same way that average skin coloring and average height do.
The claim of inequality among races isn't strange. Whether it is true or false is for an examination of relevant data to determine. But on its face it is an eminently reasonable statement.
In the United States, persons who are called "blacks" or "African-Americans" are about, on average, 25% white. That is to say, American blacks are commonly mulattoes of mixed white and black ancestry. Decades of psychometric study has provided ample information to estimate that the distribution of IQ in US-resident blacks is normal at 85±12.4, and that the distribution of IQ in US-resident whites is normal at 103±16.4.
The averages in those distributions were mentioned in "Thirty Years of Research on Race Differences in Cognitive Ability" by Rushton and Jensen, published in Psychology, Public Policy, and Law. The standard deviations were taken from a 1963 study by Kennedy, Van de Riet, and White.
It has been observed that the intelligence of mulatto persons are, in the usual run of such people, correlated positively with their percentage of white ancestry.
And so, prior to any actual inspection of Richard Lynn's African data, his findings would seem consistent with an extrapolation toward the percentages of racial blackness that we can find in Africa.
Now, I notice that objections have been made regarding Lynn's methodology; specifically, he's been accused of cherry-picking. However, might I suggest that cherry-picking is something that Lynn's critics would prefer to do? To put it plainly, I suspect that perhaps Richard Lynn refrained from doing any cherry-picking, such as would have enhanced the proportion of his test subjects who were above the average in the various African countries included in his study, however those who complain about Lynn's findings would have done just that thing, if they had conducted a similar study. I think that Lynn took them as they came, in a true random sample, and that the findings that resulted have displeased those who think that certain of their beliefs are "holy truths."
Re: Brain size=IQ level theory (Blacks vs Whites & Asians)
The brain-to-body mass ratio (absolute brain size) is a useful predictor of the intelligence of a species, but you can't just extrapolate the principle to individuals within a species. The absolute brain size is correlated with the intelligence of a species, but that does not mean that intelligence is causally determined by brain size. Now I'm only speculating, but maybe a change in brain size is useless or even harmful unless it is accompanied by a change in the number of neurons or overal neuronal activity.
If your hypothesis were correct, we should expect higher intelligence from people with megalencephaly.
http://voices.yahoo.com/megalencephaly- ... 88259.html
But even if brain-size is a good predictor of individual intelligence, you have not shown that such differences, if existent, are genetic.
Did they somehow control for stereotype threat?
Even in adoption studies, there could be differences due to stereotype threat or even nutrition in the womb.
http://www.scientificamerican.com/artic ... mb-to-tomb
Re: Brain size=IQ level theory (Blacks vs Whites & Asians)
There are vast oceans of positive evidence that "the races are equals." But for a racist ideologue only the evidence that comports with his ideology is acceptable. In fact you're the one making the extraordinary claim, despite abundant evidence to the contrary, that the races are not equal. Therefore you have the onus to prove your thesis. Your hypothesis is considered quackery, scientific racism and pseudoscience that is well out of the mainstream of scientific and academic thought. So the ball is in your court. Prove it. For example, can you identify any intellectually difficult activity that one race can perform that other race cannot perform? Brain surgery? Rocket science? Quantum physics? Or do you have evidence that some races are lacking in intelligence genes that other races have in greater abundance?
Put up or shut up.
You want me to prove that races are equal? No, you prove that races are unequal. I find it deliciously ironic that the people arguing for white supremacy in intelligence are usually not very intelligent themselves. Black people are certainly capable of genius, super genius and extraordinary intelligence. Black people are able to perform any function that whites and Asians can perform regardless of how intellectually rigorous that function is. Despite all of this direct evidence from the real world, you are insisting that black people are less intelligent. Since you are challenging vast tides of irrefutable and incontrovertible evidence, you have the burden of proof. I want real proof that enjoys mainstream scientific and academic consensus. Don't give me Rushton, Lynn and Jensen. Those are widely debunked pseudoscientic quacks that no one takes seriously other than a tiny fringe of white racists.
The correlation between brain size and intelligence is extremely weak. Nevertheless, there is absolutely no evidence that black people have smaller brains on average than any other race. You have evidence? Post it. Cadaver studies? Those are irretrievably flawed and they've been debunked by such eminent scientists as Phillip Tobias:
A critical review is given of those factors which may be accompanied by variations in brain weight, viz. sex, body size, age of death, nutritional state in early life, source of the sample, occupational group, cause of death, lapse of time after death, temperature after death, anatomical level of severance, presence or absence of cerebrospinal fluid, of meninges, and of blood-vessels. Valid comparisons between the brain-weight of human populations should take all, or several, of these variables into account; however, published studies have not done so, despite claims to the contrary. The ideal sample is from subjects who have died suddenly without prior disease: while three such samples are on record for Europeans, none has been recorded for Negroes. The brain-weight of healthy Negroes is not known. Most published interracial comparisons are invalid. The histological, chemical and functional counterparts of big and small brains in modern man are not known. Published interracial comparisons of thickness of the cerebral cortex and, particularly, of its supragranular layer, are technically invalid: there is no acceptable proof that the cortex of Negroes is thinner in whole, or in any layer, than that of Europeans. It is concluded that vast claims have been based on insubstantial evidence.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1 ... 3/abstract
Black Africans express the greatest variability in skin coloring. Their skin tone shades range from nearly black to nearly white. I believe Africans also express the greatest variability in height, from the extremely tall Dinka people to Pygmies. You've unwittingly stumbled upon the fact that black Africans cannot be pigeonholed into some artificially contrived "Negroid" archetype given their tremendous variability in phenotypic traits. So there is no "black brain size." You'd have to conduct a comprehensive study comprising the multitudinous African ethnic groups in order to arrive at an average brain size for blacks. No such study has ever been done. But if I had to hazard a guess, I'd say that blacks, on average, have the largest brains for the reasons I enumerated in an earlier post.
So prove it. Why are you working so hard? Shouldn't such inequality, if it was real, be eminently provable and obvious? I'm 100% black. The notion that you're superior to me is laughable in the extreme. In fact all my life, when in the company of whites, if anybody was superior it was I.
This is complete nonsense that is thoroughly debunked by Richard Nisbett, a real scientist:
Why rely on such misleading and indirect findings when we have much more direct evidence about the basis for the I.Q. gap? About 25 percent of the genes in the American black population are European, meaning that the genes of any individual can range from 100 percent African to mostly European. If European intelligence genes are superior, then blacks who have relatively more European genes ought to have higher I.Q.'s than those who have more African genes. But it turns out that skin color and "negroidness" of features — both measures of the degree of a black person's European ancestry — are only weakly associated with I.Q. (even though we might well expect a moderately high association due to the social advantages of such features).
During World War II, both black and white American soldiers fathered children with German women. Thus some of these children had 100 percent European heritage and some had substantial African heritage. Tested in later childhood, the German children of the white fathers were found to have an average I.Q. of 97, and those of the black fathers had an average of 96.5, a trivial difference.
If European genes conferred an advantage, we would expect that the smartest blacks would have substantial European heritage. But when a group of investigators sought out the very brightest black children in the Chicago school system and asked them about the race of their parents and grandparents, these children were found to have no greater degree of European ancestry than blacks in the population at large.
Most tellingly, blood-typing tests have been used to assess the degree to which black individuals have European genes. The blood group assays show no association between degree of European heritage and I.Q. Similarly, the blood groups most closely associated with high intellectual performance among blacks are no more European in origin than other blood groups.
http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/09/opini ... d=all&_r=0
Beyond that, I've already provided conclusive evidence in an earlier post that the most successful black people in the United States are, indeed, first and second generation Africans who have no trace of European admixture whatsoever. In fact they are vastly more successful than whites in terms of academic and occupational attainment.
Notice all the "experts" you've introduced to this debate are/were avowed racists who have been censured by their peers for sloppy, fraudulent and deceptive research. They are/were on the payroll of the neo-Nazi Pioneer Fund. What did you expect their findings to say? Do you think the Pioneer Fund would continue to pay them if they didn't toe the party line?
Do you have any legitimate and credible scientists or academics who support this racialist ideology? Is it taught in schools? Does mainstream science and academia believe that there is a genetically influenced racial hierarchy in intelligence? Of course not. Yet you're asking those who hold the opposing (mainstream) view to prove you wrong. LMAO.
Wrong. See above.
According to Richard Lynn Africans are clinically retarded. Yet we know based on real world evidence that this is absurd. Africans master multiple languages and handle their affairs like normal, well-adjusted people. Even teenage Africans armed with little more than a Yahoo account are able to outsmart and clean out the bank accounts of the very best and brightest white people in America and Europe. It's a multi-billion dollar industry. They've outsmarted and cleaned out white medical doctors, government officials, presidents of banks and CEO's of various companies. How can "imbeciles" outsmart the allegedly superior race?
Lynn is a joker and a fraud. The entire cottage industry of race realism, scientific racism, white nationalism (or whatever you want to call it) is driven precisely by cherrypicked correlations and confirmation bias. You and your heroes simply dismiss or reject any piece of information that doesn't comport with the ideology you are trying to advance. It certainly not a search for truth, because your minds are closed shut to countervailing evidence.
Oh, and I know you'll trot out the timeworn adoption study bullshit. So allow me to preempt that now. This is Nisbett from the same article as above:
The closest thing to direct evidence that the hereditarians have is a study from the 1970s showing that black children who had been adopted by white parents had lower I.Q.'s than those of mixed-race children adopted by white parents. But, as the researchers acknowledged, the study had many flaws; for instance, the black children had been adopted at a substantially later age than the mixed-race children, and later age at adoption is associated with lower I.Q.
A superior adoption study — and one not discussed by the hereditarians — was carried out at Arizona State University by the psychologist Elsie Moore, who looked at black and mixed-race children adopted by middle-class families, either black or white, and found no difference in I.Q. between the black and mixed-race children. Most telling is Dr. Moore's finding that children adopted by white families had I.Q.'s 13 points higher than those of children adopted by black families. The environments that even middle-class black children grow up in are not as favorable for the development of I.Q. as those of middle-class whites.
http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/09/opini ... d=all&_r=0
A bit off topic, but I will suggest that intelligence is maintained in all Homo sapien populations because intelligence is useful in any environment where the food supply permits extra brain growth.
If we ever get evidence that—environmental influences equal—African genetics are generally more favorable to the development of intelligence, I would pose the hypothesis that it's due to (a) gene flow throughout a larger population (the population of Africa) allowing for more rapid evolution or (b) restrictive dietary options in the colder European climates.
To begin with, race is a myth. So, without getting all researchy and endlessly giving air time to this silly question, we simply have to remember we are part of the same species, meaning when we all breed together our progeny too can breed. I think that settles it.
I lived my early years in a part of the world where there were very few Blacks. I later relocated to the southeastern USA, where the population is about half Black. I saw above that one study showed an average IQ of about 85 for blacks and 103 for whites, with IQs of mixed corresponding to their mixture. Remember, those numbers are averages. There was a wide range in each race. The results of that study have been rejected by some who claim that ALL "races" are equal, not just Black/White. I now live in a neighborhood that is about equally distributed racially, and associate with each race . I had been here only a short time when I noticed the very obvious deference in the IQs, as shown by the study mentioned before. One has but to look and listen with a fair mind to notice the difference. My 2$ worth. (Inflation) Dr. Jim.
No one cares about your personal anecdotes. Do you know how many dumb whites I've come across? I don't jump from that to the conclusion that whites are generally stupid. Besides, your perceptions of those blacks are colored by your prejudices. And let's not forget 400 years of slavery and oppression. Surely even you can see how that might negatively impact the adaptation of black people to certain of the norms of the majority culture (which you are incorrectly perceiving as lack of native intelligence).
What's more, your mixed-race theory is a well-known canard. First of all, American blacks are already mixed. Secondly, there's absolutely no evidence that higher levels of white admixture in blacks contributes to higher intelligence. In fact the lack of such evidence is precisely one of the points used to debunk the idea of racial hierarchies in intelligence. That is, if whites are smarter than blacks then we should expect black-white hybrids to be more intelligent than pure blacks, and they're not. In fact in my post prior to this one I quote Richard Nisbett discussing this very matter. It's highlighted in blue. I suggest you read it.
Re: Brain size=IQ level theory (Blacks vs Whites & Asians)
Thank you for the enlightening post. What you have posted resonates with my observations and personal experiences. I am white, and I have lived very closely with other races in a wide variety of circumstances.
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text:
India, the biggest location for global outsourcing, has seen its currency take a tumble. The devaluation has fattened the profits of Indian outsourcing providers, but customers in the U.S. are unhappy that they're not getting any benefit from the currency's move.
The rupee has fallen hard against the dollar amid concerns about the Indian economy, getting as high as 68 per dollar in late August. By mid-September, it was trading at 63 per dollar, up from 54.77 at the start of 2013 and 45.12 at the start of 2011.
Since U.S. companies generally pay in dollars for work they send to India, "these Indian firms are gaining margin, because our U.S. dollars are buying that many more rupees," said Richard Chang, a principal at Alsbridge, a sourcing advisory and benchmarking company. "That's a fairly big windfall for them."
Outsourcing contracts typically have five-year terms. Companies in the U.S. that negotiated deals a few years ago, when the rupee was stronger, are paying much more for that work than the current rate. If outsourcing customers with existing deals went back to the marketplace now, "they could get 20% to 30% cheaper pricing than when they signed their deal," Chang said.
Given the benefits the outsourcing companies have realized from the rupee's depreciation, some companies are starting to ask their providers for a break, said Peter Bendor-Samuel, CEO of Everest Group, a global services advisory and research firm.
"Right now, a lot of them are going back and saying, 'We negotiated our contracts at 45 rupees a dollar and it's now 68. Wait a minute, we want a discount,'" he said. "There are quite a few conversations going on now."
"Although we haven't seen a lot of pricing concessions made yet, I think it's going to happen soon," Bendor-Samuel said. "I don't think the Indian firms are going to be able to resist the demands to cough up some of the benefits."
Outsourcing contracts generally have a provision for a cost-of-living adjustment (COLA). Bendor-Samuel noted that at the same time outsourcing providers in India are enjoying the benefits of the weaker rupee, some of their overseas customers have been getting notices about cost-of-living increases. "People who are getting COLA increases while the rupee is collapsing are saying, 'This isn't right,'" he said.
David Rutchik, a partner at consulting company Pace Harmon, said that in recent deals he's worked on where companies wanted to pay in dollars and not include foreign exchange provisions in the contract, "we're often successful in arguing there shouldn't be any COLA."
The termination for convenience clauses frequently seen in outsourcing contracts give customers some leverage in renegotiating, said Rutchik, pictured at left. "And from a relationship standpoint, [outsourcing firms] are usually pretty amenable to it. Most of the deals we do, there's no minimum spend, so even if there's not a termination clause per se, you can say I'm going to move" some of the work elsewhere," he said.
Chang agreed that outsourcing customers have room to negotiate. "Obviously if you're a provider, you want to keep your customers. Part of keeping your customers is realizing that if foreign exchange is set up to be borne by the provider, you've had the better part of the deal. You ought to come to the table and re-price the deal according to current rates," he said.
Going forward, there are a number of ways a U.S. company could take foreign exchange considerations into account when they're arranging outsourcing deals.
U.S. companies could switch to paying in rupees, but Rutchik said many aren't comfortable doing that. "They'd rather just keep it in dollars," he said. "It goes into the budget, they know what they're spending, it's not going to move."
Paying in rupees also means the buyer is taking on the foreign exchange risk. Given the extent of the rupee's move to date, that may not be a wise move. "The devaluation has been so substantial that going forward, it may go in the other direction," Rutchik said. "Just jumping in and saying I'll pay in local currency now would be pretty problematic."
Companies that pay in rupees, which generally happens when they negotiate in India, rather than from the U.S., get a better price, according to Bendor-Samuel. "If you're doing the procurement out of India, you'll get a substantial discount over what you'll get if you buy it out of the U.S.," he said.
If a company is negotiating an outsourcing contract denominated in dollars, there are a number of ways to include foreign exchange considerations.
Alsbridge's Chang said contracts can be indexed to exchange rates, or COLA increases can be tied not only to a wage index, but to moves in the foreign exchange rate as well.
For example, if the COLA increase was capped at 4%, a move in the rupee outside of a certain band could push that COLA cap down to 2%, or to zero, Chang said. "That way, the U.S. dollars that go the provider, when they translate into Indian rupees, there's a leveling effect, rather than such a large windfall to the provider," he said.
Given the slide in the rupee, some market participants are considering contract terms shorter than the five years now standard, said Everest Group's Bendor-Samuel, "because there are only so many hedging and contractual mechanisms you can put in place. At some point, if you have big swings in forex, you're out of alignment."
"Typically the vendor community has always wanted long contracts. We're starting to see them say, 'I'm going to give you this concession, but I want a two-year contract or a one-year contract.' They're afraid that if they give concessions, and the rupee reverses, they'll lose money," said Bendor-Samuel, pictured at right.
While outsourcing agreements can involve sizable sums, finance and treasury departments typically aren't involved in negotiating the contracts, Rutchik said. He argued that that ought to change. "It's just viewed as a functional procurement of services and there's very little understanding and sensitivity to all these foreign exchange aspects that can create windfalls in either direction. It's a lot of money and the fact that it's not getting appropriate attention is unfortunate."
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text:
Father honors late son with canine-education group
EAST TROY--Jeff and Kim Borchardt could no longer live in their Darien home after their son's death.
Memories in the house, where 14-month-old Daxton James Borchardt playfully scrawled on the wall, were too painful.
Today, a year after two pit bulls fatally attacked their toddler, the grieving parents live in East Troy.
"I break into tears all the time," Jeff said. "But the meltdowns are becoming less."
On March 6, 2013, babysitter Susan Iwiki held young Daxton at her town of Walworth home, when the dogs she and her boyfriend raised from puppies began to attack.
The assault left the boy with horrific and fatal wounds.
Jeff recalls contacting Kim to tell her their son was on a Flight For Life to Children's Hospital of Wisconsin in Wauwatosa.
"No husband should ever have to make that kind of call to his wife," he said.
Later, the couple huddled close to Daxton's lifeless body at the hospital.
"I sat there screaming,'" Jeff remembers.
In the months that followed, images of Daxton's bloody face and body after the mauling haunted him.
In June, he heard about a family pit bull attacking a 15-month-old boy in the village of Caledonia in Racine County.
"I decided I couldn't be quiet anymore," Jeff said.
He founded a nonprofit group to help further pet safety called Daxton's Friends for Canine Education & Awareness.
"I cannot bring my son back," Jeff said. "But by creating this organization, his life will not be in vain."
His purpose is to prevent more tragedies.
Jeff connected with six others, including Iwiki, from across the United States. Many have experienced dog attacks in their families. The founding members call themselves canine enthusiasts who want to educate the public about the importance of understanding dog breeds. Their goal is to reduce the number of dog-related incidents with proper education and pet care.
"We will strive to provide honest and unbiased information," Jeff said.
Daxton's Friends also will offer emotional support and counseling resources to victims of canine-related incidents.
In addition, the group's website provides information on breeds, where to find dogs and good questions to ask while searching for a dog.
On Thursday, the volunteer group is hosting an inaugural fund-raising event in Oak Brook, Ill., to mark the anniversary of Daxton's death.
The child was the sixth of 32 fatalities by dogs in 2013, the website DogBite.org reports. Eighteen of the victims were age 7 and younger.
The site identifies itself as a victims' group dedicated to reducing serious dog attacks. It reports that 30 to 35 fatal dog attacks have occurred annually in the United States in recent years.
Daxton's Friends does not recommend breeds.
"Each family has to make its own decision about what dog to own," Jeff said. "Daxton's Friends just wants to educate the public so the proper information is available to be used in the decision-making process."
He believes every time a dog fatally attacks a person it should be national news.
The Friends group will help fill a gap in tracking data related to dogs and public welfare, said Sam Madan, who is vice president of the group's board of directors.
"The gap makes it difficult to make educated decisions about the right pet for families," he explained. "There's a great deal of personal and anecdotal advice but real data needs to be tracked regarding the factors that play into dog deaths and injuries."
Kristen Perry, director of the Lakeland Animal Shelter in Delavan, commends Daxton's family and others for "trying to make something positive out of such a horrible, horrible thing."
"They are trying to build a charity for responsible pet ownership," she said.
A wedding disc jockey, Jeff said the only time he feels normal is when he is being a DJ.
"It has been a long road," he said. "I've learned a lot about myself and life."
He does not hesitate to reach out to other families who are suffering like himself after fatal dog attacks.
"I tell them to call me," Jeff said. "I know what it is like."
Anna Marie Lux is a columnist for The Gazette. Her columns run Sundays, Tuesdays and Thursdays. Call her with ideas or comments at 608-755-8264 or email firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Janesville police link stabbing suspect to body found Monday
JANESVILLE--Clayton J. Courtney is accused of killing one friend and trying to kill another Sunday night.
The friend who survived, Michael Clark, described Courtney as tearing off cabinet doors and pulling a refrigerator to the floor at the Janesville home they shared before stabbing Clark in the back, according to a criminal complaint issued Tuesday.
"You and I are going to die tonight," Courtney said during the attack, according to Clark,
Courtney, 28, of 1602 N. Pontiac Drive, Janesville, made his initial appearance in Rock County Court on Tuesday.
The court hearing came shortly after police announced they had identified the body of a woman found behind a vacant building on North Main Street on Monday.
The woman was 21-year-old Britney N. Cross of Indianford, and Courtney is the only suspect in her killing, Police Chief Dave Moore said at a standing-room-only news conference.
During the assault on Clark, Courtney told him, "I have already killed three people tonight," the criminal complaint states.
Police still are investigating the possibility that Courtney killed others, but they have no new reports of missing people or other indicators of more bodies, a fact Moore called "encouraging."
Still, Moore asked community members to report any suspicious activity that might be related to the case.
"What I can tell you is that he said he killed people, and we have a dead young woman in this community," Moore said.
Moore said police continue to look for Mary Coulthard, the 75-year-old who was last seen Friday.
Moore said his investigators have found no parallel between Courtney's and Coulthard's movements.
Deputy Police Chief Dan Davis said later he doesn't believe Coulthard's case is related to Courtney.
Under the bridge
Witnesses have linked Cross and Courtney.
"I don't think they were exclusive, but friends described them as boyfriend/girlfriend," Moore said.
Clark told police Courtney left their Pontiac Drive home at about 4 p.m. Sunday on his way to the Veterans Memorial Bridge to be with Cross.
Courtney is known to hang out under the bridge and drink liquor, according to the complaint.
Police earlier said they heard Courtney had intended to meet a woman and drink and do drugs under the bridge. They also said Courtney was under the influence of cocaine and alcohol when he attacked his roommates later that night.
Cross' body was found behind a vacant building at 533 N. Main St., south of Traxler Park.
Good friends
Jessica Moe, the mother of Clark's two children and who was pregnant with a third, also lived in the Pontiac Drive house. Courtney had been living with the couple for about two months.
The three adults had known each other for about 12 years, and Clark and Courtney were "extremely good friends," Moe said, according to the complaint.
The complaint gives no hint of why Courtney would have attacked his friends, and Moore said Clark did not know.�
Courtney is not talking to police, Moore said.
Police have not developed a motive in the stabbing, although Moore would not rule out drugs as a factor.
"Cocaine … produces numerous psychiatric symptoms, syndromes and disorders (including) agitation, paranoia, hallucinations, delusions, violence, as well as suicidal and homicidal thinking," according to the National Institutes of Health.
Police also have no motive in Cross' death.
Cross, 8985 First Street, No. 9, Indianford, died from a blow to the head from a blunt object, Moore said.
Moore said police collected objects at the death scene that might have been used to kill Cross. He would not describe them.
The complaint in the stabbing case says a rock was found in Courtney's pocket when he was arrested after running from police.
Terror at night
Moe and Clark told a horrific tale of Courtney's attack on both of them Sunday night. According to the criminal complaint:
The couple were asleep when Courtney returned home. Moe heard loud noises and woke Clark, who went to investigate.
Moe said she could hear Clark say, "What's wrong with you? What's your problem?"
Then she heard Clark calling for her to call 911. She left the bedroom and saw Clark standing in the dining room with Courtney attacking him. She could see blood on the floor and saw Courtney throw things from the kitchen counter to the floor. She told him to leave.
Courtney then pushed Moe, and she ran to the bathroom, locking herself inside. She quickly left the bathroom and ran to the bedroom, locking herself inside with her children. She still could hear Clark and Courtney as they went into the garage and the fight continued.
Clark told police he believed his friend intended to kill him.
Clark's perspective
Clark said a loud crash woke him. He went into the dining room and saw Courtney rip a door off some cabinets and then pulled dishes and glasses from the cabinets to the floor.
Courtney then punched Clark in the face, said he had killed three people, and "I'm going to kill you, and we're going to die together," according to the complaint.
Courtney grabbed a steak knife and thrust towards what Clark believed was his chest, so Clark rolled to his left, and the knife entered the back of his right shoulder near the armpit, the complaint states.
Courtney then threw down the refrigerator and continued damaging the house.
Clark yelled for Courtney to stop and for Moe to call 911.
"The defendant responded by grabbing the knife with which he had just stabbed Mr. Clark and said to Ms. Moe, "I'll cut out your baby," the complaint states.
Courtney then moved toward Moe, but Clark used the tipped-over refrigerator to trip him. Courtney then grabbed a broken plate and stabbed Clark's foot with it.
The two men went into the garage, where Courtney opened a door to Clark's and Moe's car and tried to kick the door off its hinges. Clark protested.
"What does it matter? You and I are going to die tonight, anyway," Courtney responded, according to the complaint.
The two wrestled. Clark tried to open the garage door in hopes police were there. They were. Courtney closed the door, but officers entered from another door.
Blood everywhere
Police were called to the house at 10:01 p.m. Sunday. Moe called 911, saying she was locked in the bedroom with her children and Courtney was "going crazy" and assaulting Clark.
Police saw the garage door open 18 inches and then close. Moe then opened the front door for them.
An officer entered the kitchen, seeing large amounts of food and blood on the walls and floors. He entered the garage and saw two shirtless men covered in blood, the complaint states.
Clark was bleeding heavily from his shoulder. The officer ordered both men to the ground. Clark went down, but Courtney hit the garage door button and ran outside.
Another officer spotted Courtney and chased him down, yelling, "Stop or you will be Tased."
Courtney immediately lay on the ground.
Clark was taken to Mercy Hospital and Trauma Center, which released him Monday.
The case
Courtney might not face formal charges related to Cross' death right away. Moore pointed out that Courtney remains in jail in the stabbing case, so the homicide investigation can continue without worrying that Courtney would disappear.
Courtney is charged with attempted first-degree intentional homicide, obstructing an officer, attempted arson for allegedly trying to set Moe's car on fire, first-degree recklessly endangering safety, criminal damage to property, disorderly conduct with a dangerous weapon and obstructing an officer.
All but the first two of those charges carries a domestic-violence enhancer.
In court Tuesday, Court Commissioner Stephen Meyer set bail at $100,000, a sum the prosecution asked for and that Courtney's attorney said he had no chance of posting.
Courtney's initial appearance was continued to 3 p.m. Friday so he could arrange for an attorney to represent him.
The Gazette reported live from the Janesville police news conference via Twitter. Read those posts below.


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Our Views: State politicians must share blame for development agency's woes
It's a case of exuberant politicians touting a new program and creating great expectations in the eyes of the public.
The politicians then expect those charged with organizing and carrying out the program to do too much too fast with too few people and too little oversight and technical firepower. When problems emerge—as they often do with new programs—elected leaders then order changes in desperate efforts to fix them.
Sounds like the woes Americans face with Obamacare, right?
Instead, we're talking about the Wisconsin Economic Development Corp. Gov. Scott Walker replaced the antiquated Commerce Department with this new quasi-private agency in 2011 with hopes it could focus on investments that help companies expand and relocate or get started. Instead, problems have plagued WEDC from the get-go. Too many new hires lacked experience in the field; some appeared to be bad fits, and many good people didn't stay long. Without proper oversight and policies, WEDC lost track of millions in business loans. Likewise, job creation fell short of goals.
Last week, The Gazette explained a new interactive map designed to help the public track WEDC's investments and job creation. It's great that the map might offer transparency for how agency money is used and that students in UW-Whitewater's topnotch business school could gain experience in helping create the map.
Unfortunately, as The Gazette's Jim Leute reported, the map's reporting capabilities lag reality. The map lists 278 jobs created in Rock County in the past two years and almost 1,200 retained. Yet companies such as ANGI Energy Systems and County Materials employ far more workers than the map suggests.
Why is that? Again, it might be because WEDC—already short-staffed—spends too much time on compliance and recordkeeping while placating those ordering changes each time political winds shift. Besides, the map is almost certain to remain inaccurate and outdated because each deal WEDC cuts with a company varies in regard to when allocated money is doled out and when reporting is required.
The map might be more useful if businesses could upload the data themselves after the state verifies payroll numbers.
As far as WEDC itself, the agency competes with similar ones across the country. It's great that lawmakers have allocated more dollars for investments. But the agency must be nimble. If businesses and entrepreneurs find applying for funding too onerous and complicated, the agency can't swiftly help when and where good opportunities arise.
Citizens are right to be riled about wasted money through bad investments or improper monitoring. Realize, however, that not all business ventures pan out. While each failure exposes WEDC to public criticism, its rate of bad loans might not look so bad if compared to those of the average bank.
Wisconsin's new development agency has overcome many challenges but faces many more. Politicians might best help WEDC by demanding only reasonable policies, offering reasonable goals to the public, ensuring it has adequate resources and then getting out of the way.


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Ethernet tackles automotive EMI challenge
3 comments
Ethernet has already been widely accepted by the automotive industry
as the preferred interface for on-board-diagnostics (OBD) and has
been deployed in various car models since 2008. Ethernet provides
increased bandwidth speeds over traditional automotive buses,
resulting in a reduction in software download times from hours to
minutes compared to traditional methods. This adoption will be
accelerated with the introduction of a standardized IP Diagnostics
interface, as specified in ISO 13400, using Ethernet as the physical
The expansion of Ethernet-based networks in the automotive industry has continued with next-generation infotainment and driver assistance systems. Originally found in only luxury high-end vehicles, such applications are fast becoming differentiating features on mid-range and even basic models. These new applications have, in tandem, generated demand for greater system bandwidth, which continues to rapidly rise, as shown in the timeline below:
- 1981: CAN @1000 Kbps
- 2005: FlexRay @ 10 Mbps
- 2001: MOST @ 50 Mbps
- 2008: Ethernet @100 Mbps
- Ethernet @ 1000 Mbps (RTPGE IEEE802.3bp)
Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) constitutes one of the fastest growing applications within the automotive market. Driven by government legislation and a desire for enhanced in-vehicle safety camera sensor networks are becoming commonplace. By 2017, camera-based module sales are expected to increase to 34 million in total, from 6.1 million in 2010 (IMS Research). This is in part due to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) ruling requiring every car sold in the United States from 2014 be fitted with at least a single rear view camera or sensor.
System costs are significantly lowered using Ethernet connectivity for multi-camera sensor networks in the car. Traditional proprietary methods are making way for open standard Ethernet. This has been reflected in the ISO 17215 Video Communication Interface for Cameras (VCIC) specification, defining Ethernet connectivity for use in vehicle camera and/or sensor applications.
Ethernet is emerging as the preferred network of choice for this new generation of networked vehicles, continuing to be the de facto networking bus for all other markets, thanks to an offering of ample bandwidth and open standardization. True standardization results in multiple interoperable supplier solutions, rapidly driving down costs.
This is in contrast to current popular infotainment networking technologies, for example MOST®. The proprietary nature of MOST® has often been blamed for failing to deliver the cost needs of car makers, as reported in the Hansen report, November 2008: Suppliers and car makers think more access to SMSCs proprietary MOST® technology would lower the cost of MOST® and increase market acceptance. Some are looking at Ethernet as a possible alternative.
Ethernet provides many advantages over MOST® technology, including increased bandwidths and flexible topology, but probably most importantly lower costs, due to the high volume deployment across multiple markets, accepted supply chain and multiple suppliers.
Challenges for Automotive Ethernet
The needs of more recent Ethernet-based applications, such as infotainment and ADAS, differ distinctly from the current applications, such as on-board-diagnostics in that these are applications operating in real time and while the car is moving. No matter what the circumstances might be, must meet car manufacturers EMI limits. For Ethernet to be considered for any application in operation whilst the car is moving, it must fully comply with OEM EMI specifications.
Herein lies the challenge: the use of shielded cables would provide a solution to reducing radiated emissions within the car, but is usually undesirable. Shielded cable brings about complications in earth strategies, can adversely affect reliability, and add cost to production. Shielded cables cannot be manufactured in situ using wiring looms during production, but need to be pre-manufactured and purchased. Hence, the ultimate goal would be to operate Standard Ethernet over unshielded cable whilst meeting automotive OEM EMI limits. This solution dramatically reduces cabling costs, by up to 80%, over shielded counterparts, whilst maintaining interoperability with any other standard Ethernet device. The net result is lowest cost cable and silicon, with multiple suppliers.


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1331 W. Monroe St. Chicago, Illinois 60607
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Fee: Free
Age Range: All ages
Come enjoy the breathtaking views of the night sky. Learn about the phases of the moon, look at other planets, star clusters, and more. Bring a blanket and enjoy a night in the park. All ages are welcome to this FREE event.
Enjoy a fun night out with the family.


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Plan commission favors clearing neighborhood for station
JANESVILLE -- A Monday vote by the Janesville Plan Commission adds two more council members to those who would approve plans to build a new fire station just to the north of the current station on a footprint that would displace a dozen homes.
The vote was 3 to 2 to recommend that option to the council over a second option that would take only seven homes and avoid disturbing a historic home. Voting in favor of the first option were council members Kathy Voskuil and Douglas Marklein. Ed Madere also voted in favor.
Councilman Sam Liebert has already said he prefers that location. That's three of four votes the council needs to approve it.
Councilman DuWayne Severson has questioned the cost and the effect on neighbors. Councilman Jim Farrell has said he wants to look at other locations. Councilman Matt Kealy has never supported a new station, while Councilman Brian Fitzgerald has not indicated his preference.
The matter will go to the council April 14.
Residents and plan commission members Deb Dongarra-Adams and George Brunner preferred sending both locations back to the council with positive recommendations.
The commission was asked to decide the appropriateness of one or both locations and the scale and architecture of the building.
Seven members are on the plan commission. But one seat is vacant, and Judy Adler opted not to participate in the discussion because she is employed by the city to relocate residents affected by the new station.
Voskuil and Marklein both noted that one couple, the Farrells, have now changed their minds. The Farrells asked Monday that the city choose the option to take a dozen houses, including their own. The couple said they do not want to stay in a gutted neighborhood and fear the value of their property would fall if it were one of few left on the point and hemmed in by the station.
Another woman who spoke, though, said she would like to stay in her home. She said she would haunt the fire station when she is dead.
A new central fire station at or near its current location of 303 Milton Ave. has became controversial because of its cost—anywhere from $9.2 million to $9.5 million—and because its large footprint would destroy so many homes. The council was also accused of being underhanded in its decisions after voting to build the new station on or near the current site in closed session in November.
Some neighbors said they did not discover their homes were targeted until a Gazette article Feb. 26.
In supporting his vote, plan commission member Madere said public safety is an essential city service, and quality service depends on appropriate facilities.
The station should provide a positive image of the community, especially because it is on a busy street and is a gateway to� downtown, something else the city is spending a lot of time and money on, he said.
Marklein complimented the architect on the design, saying it mimics the feel of the current station, which was built in a modernistic style in the 1950s.
Marklein said he didn't think the building would "breathe" if it were squeezed between homes on both sides. The new structure would also be set back to be less obtrusive to the remaining neighborhood.
Dongarra-Adams and Brunner preferred to forward both locations to the council with positive recommendations. Brunner said he didn't believe he had enough information to choose between the two or even decide on the architecture, for that matter.
The plan commission will get a second look at a detailed design when the city applies for a conditional-use permit to construct the building.
Resident Rebecca Farrell, 339 Milton Ave., broke down when she addressed plan commission members during the public hearing. She said she supports a new station for the firefighters, but the entire neighborhood is "heartbroken." She asked the city to take her home because she doesn't want to be one of only several that would remain there if only seven were destroyed.
"I hope you remember times and moments like this and never conduct your business like this again," she said, crying. "The way you did this was deplorable."
Her husband agreed. The couple were initially against moving because of the city's poor communications.
Neighbor Joyce Shea, 706 Prospect Ave., said she believes city officials have already made up their minds to take her home and� had their minds set since the November closed session.
"I think everyone here already knows that," Shea said.
Still, she begged them to "build around my little house," and said at age 76 she is too old to move.
�"When I die—if the ghost chasers are correct on television—I'm going to come back," she said.
"I'm going to haunt the fire department. Every time the firefighters go to sleep, I'm going to set off the alarm."


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0.0 mpg (US)
EPA City: 0 mpg (US)
EPA Highway: 0 mpg (US)
Using the Graph: This histogram visuallizes the fuel economy distribution of cars in this category. When using US units, the Y axis is the quantity of cars achieving within three miles per gallon less than the X axis value.
Using the Data Table: Select a member or individual car name to see more details. Cars whose links appear black have been updated within the last ninety days.
Hypermiler! The driver of this car has achieved "hypermiler" status. To qualify, a car must have higher fuel economy than EPA estimates over more than 3,000 miles. The EPA city/highway figures are weighted for each car. If no percentages are specified, 55/45% is default.


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Women Entrepreneurs Face Higher Operating Costs, Slimmer Margins: Biz2Credit
Compared to businesses owned by men, some women entrepreneurs have to deal with more obstacles such as having a tougher time securing financing.
Biz2Credit, a New York firm that pairs small businesses with financial institutions for financing, analyzed nearly 14,000 applications from around the U.S. on its platform during the past six months of 2012 and found several nuances that set women-owned businesses apart from men-owned businesses.
Small business loan approval rates for women-owned companies were 15% to 20% lower than they were for male-owned companies, according to Biz2Credit. On average, credit scores for women were 40 points lower than men.
Biz2Credit CEO Rohit Arora said based on the firm's analysis, women tended to be more involved in retail operations, which generally have higher operating expenses and smaller margins. This may also account for the women's lower credit scores, he added.
When it comes to operating expenses, women-owned businesses tended to have average operating expenses that were 21% higher than male-owned companies.
The pattern continued in the area of revenue. Biz2Credit found that women-owned businesses averaged 15% lower annual revenue than their male counterparts.
"Banks look at these figures and thus find women-owned businesses more risky to fund, which accounts for the lower loan approval rates for women," Arora said.
There was one area where women and men were nearly on the same page. The average age of business for women was 40 months compared to 41 months for men, the Biz2Credit analysis showed.


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Madrigal Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (:MDGL) stock has entered overbought territory as the 14-day Relative Strength Index reading touched 84.50 after yesterday's close. Investors should be cautious of taking positions as this might indicate the stock is due to reverse course. RSI or Relative Strength Index is a momentum indicator that technical investors use along with other factors in trying to determine the short term direction of a stock. The RSI can help pinpoint stock reversals and help coordinate taking positions accordingly. The RSI takes the closing prices of a given stock over a 14-day period (typically) and calculates a ratio of the number of higher close days to the number of lower close days. With Madrigal Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (:MDGL) shares passing the 70 level, the stock is now considered to be in overbought territory and ripe for a potential pullback.
Madrigal Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (:MDGL) shares have traded 0.37% for the week and are 210.74% for the year. At the time of writing, the stock is trading at $91.50, a change of 97.62% from the previous close. In terms of volatility, the average daily high/low percentage range stands at 9.32% for the week and 7.47% for the month.
So, most importantly, where are shares headed from here? In order to get a sense of Wall Street sentiment, we can look to brokerage analyst estimates. On a one to five ratings scale where 1.0 indicates a Strong Buy, 2.0 indicates a Buy, 3.0 a Hold, 4.0 a Sell and 5.0 a Stong Sell. Madrigal Pharmaceuticals, Inc. currently has an average analyst recommendation of 2.00 according to analysts. This is the average number based on the total brokerage firms taken into consideration by Beta Systems Research. The same analysts have a future one-year price target of $66.00 on the shares.
Technical Indicators
In addition to sell-side rational, we can also take a look at some technical indicators. The stock is currently 101.46% away from its 50-day simple moving average and 288.32% away from the 200 day average. Based on a recent trade, the shares are 72.64% away from the 52-week high and 599.07% from the 52-week low.


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Mary Burke brings gubernatorial campaign message to Delavan
DELAVAN—If Mary Burke is going to unseat Gov. Scott Walker, she will have to appeal to the middle—the kind of voters who say they vote for the person, not the party.
Burke acknowledged to a Gazette reporter Friday night in Delavan that those swing voters are crucial to victory in November.
Burke later told Walworth County Democrats assembled at Lake Lawn Lodge that it would be a close race.
Burke told The Gazette it's important to appeal to the nearly 10,000 voters in Walworth County who turned out for Barack Obama in 2012 but didn't vote when Walker defeated Tom Barrett in 2010.
Asked how she plans to do that, Burke said she would apply her problem-solving approach to helping people get to know her.
"The way I approach things is, let's make sure we focus on the issues that matter most to people in Wisconsin, to middle class families. Then let's put all of the options out on the table. I don't care if they're Democratic or Republican ideas. Let's pick the best ones, and let's move forward. That's how we're going to grow Wisconsin's economy," Burke said
An example of that approach, perhaps, was her reaction to a question of whether she as governor would help if Janesville came up with a redevelopment plan for its vacant General Motors plant.
"Absolutely," she said, launching into her recently released jobs plan.
In any community where the unemployment rate is 25 percent higher than the state average, she would immediately form a task force of state and local people to get the rate down, she said.
"And we should put all the options out on the table, and the state needs to be a good partner in doing that, and the governor needs to provide the leadership."
Burke's campaign approach seems to be good Mary/tough Mary. Her stump speech to about 60 Democratic Party members stressed practical solutions to a brighter economic future while she swung freely at Walker.
"I'm a business executive. I approach things as how we're going to solve problems. And I do believe that we can do a lot better in this state, that we have to do things that favor and help grow and strengthen the middle class, and right now I see too much tax cuts that benefit those who are wealthy, those at the top, and corporations." she told the crowd.
The state should focus on getting people the educations they need to compete for jobs and in helping businesses get started and grow, said the Harvard Business School graduate who worked nine years in her family's business, Trek Bicycle.
Walker also says he wants to boost business and education for jobs.
With a frozen Delavan Lake framed in picture windows behind her, Burke said the problem with Wisconsin's economy is lack of leadership. She jabbed at Walker:
"Leadership is not when you divide people and you pit them against each other. Leadership is when you bring people together. That's how we do our best work. And leadership puts people and problem-solving ahead of politics and special interests …
"We have a governor who is more focused on his own career than he is with putting people back to work. And he is more focused on destroying education than he is on improving it," she said.
"I have a game plan for winning. I have a team that knows how to win. I am committed to raising the type of money that is going to be needed to get my message out," she said.
"Walker's game plan is to raise tens of millions of dollars from out-of-state millionaires and billionaires and buy this election," she said, noting the Republican Governor's Association has already begun advertising against her.
Whether jabs at Walker and the practical-solutions rhetoric will appeal to most voters remains to be seen, but there might be a danger if Burke steers too far to the center. At least, the Republican Governors Association hopes so.
The association issued a statement Friday suggesting that "big labor" is selling out its members by endorsing Burke, who is rich and whose family business outsourced jobs to China.
Burke favors restoring collective bargaining rights to public sector employees that were stripped by the Repubilcans' Act 10, but she but does not favor changing the part of law that makes those workers them pay more for health insurance and contribute to their pension fund, the association noted in its attempt to divide the coalition that Burke hopes to build.
Burke predicted the other side will come at her with "every lie and dirty trick in the book," and she said if they get tough, she will get tougher.�
She ended her speech like this: "I have only one message for Scott Walker: Game on."


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During the first annual We Day California at Oakland's Oracle Arena, the star opened up to thousands of young people about some of the pressures she's faced since beginning her career more than a decade ago that may have led to her two-week rehab stint earlier this year.
"I am surrounded by people who are supposed to guide me, and some of them have, and others haven't. They pressure me. There's so much pressure. 'You gotta be sexy. You gotta be cute. You gotta be nice. You gotta be all these things,'" she admitted. "I'm sure you can all relate. You all have pressure that you have to deal with every day. I'm sure with school, with work, with friends, with parents, with family — with parents," she repeated with a smile.
"They tell me what to wear, how to look, what I should say, how I should be. Until recently, I had given in to that pressure. I lost sight of who I was."
The "Come and Get It" singer became visibly choked up as she continued. "I listened to opinions of people and I tried to change who I am because I thought that others would accept me for it, and I realized I don't know how to be anything but myself."
In other words, it sounds like Selena found the grounding she needed — and she took this opportunity to encourage others to do the same.
"I'm sure all of you have been told that you don't have what it takes and that you may not be good enough... when deep down, it's all you want to do," she explained. "You want to be part of something great, you want to make something great. It crushes you when people try to tell you that you're not good enough."
And even Selena — one of Hollywood's most sought-after stars — has had that experience. Referencing some (sorely mistaken) casting director who told her she didn't have what it takes to have her own show back when she was 11, Selena credited her mother for encouraging her to push on.
"She said the most important thing is always to trust in myself. If I'm doing something, I should do it because I love it and I think I can do it," she mused. "She is the definition of a strong woman."
It appears this is a case of like mother – like daughter, because Selena had true command of the crowd during her talk. Looking nothing short of resplendent (we don't use that word lightly) in a red power suit, the star took a moment to make a plea to her fans.
"All I really want you to know is that you are changing the world. I'm not changing the world. You're changing the world," she said. "Please just be kind to each other and love and inspire people. Let's do it. Let's do it. Let's change the game." Where do we sign up?
Gomez wasn't the only speaker at We Day — Orlando Bloom, Seth Rogen, and Magic Johnson also stepped onstage to offer their words of wisdom and empowerment to the crowd of approximately 16,000.
Selena also posted a photo on Instagram from backstage with her celeb pals, noting, "#Weday -unbelievable time. So inspired and hopefully encouraged many!!"


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Taylor Park
39 W. 47th St. Chicago, Illinois 60609
(312) 747-6728
Fee: Free
Age Range: All ages
Hip Hop House Holiday activites at Taylor park. Come in your Holiday attire ready to walk the red carpet. Participate in a flashlight egg hunt. Don't forget to bring a flash light! March 28, 5:30pm-8:00pm.


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Because of the continuing complexity of cases involving e-discovery, legal teams are required to work closely with colleagues throughout the organization. IT must be collaborated with in collecting data, and must interface with e-discovery software or service providers. Records Management, if such a department or individual exists, often holds the keys to big troves of potentially relevant data. And "line" employees, who can be potential witnesses and data custodians, must be contacted and relied upon to preserve any potentially relevant evidence.
This three-part series will help in-house counsel and other legal professionals to effectively work with IT professionals, records managers, and other employees.
Part 1: Collaborating with Information Technology
Have you ever wondered, "What is this IT guy talking about? LAN, proxy server, exchanges, what is all this stuff?", when all you want is for your e-mail to work again. Well, IT professionals think the same when they hear you talk about spoliation and sanctions or try to avoid jury duty when they receive a friendly summons from the neighborhood county court. You likely didn't go to law school to perform forensically sound data collections, and your IT team did not go to law school at all.
However, the sheer size of data you may be confronted with and specific requirements by court order regarding data preservation and forensic collections require technical expertise. This is why coordinating with information technology (IT) specialists and data collection specialists is vital to your success.
Bigger Isn't Always Better
Data in e-discovery litigation, especially e-mails, continue to grow in size, quantity, and complexity. Eventually, you will be confronted with a case that has huge data sizes. In such a case, the most important thing to do is to determine how to collect what is relevant to the case. This is where an effective IT professional or data collection specialist can advise you on options for data collection and preservation. You can consult with them regarding what process you'll have to go through in order to achieve the goals for the case you're working on. Here are some examples of options that a knowledgeable IT or collection expert can walk you through:
Forensic collection options
- Forensic Image – Essentially a precise, exact data copy of a hard drive. This is like taking a large scoop approach to data collection, rather than a scalpel. With this method you obtain everything from a potential witness and cull down from there. This method tends to be very common in criminal prosecutions if forensic collection is available. However, it is important to make sure to take a forensic image, which preserves the files exactly. Otherwise, the collection itself can change the data and potentially spoliate the data.
- Forensically sound collection – Using a tool that can capture hash values from files, filepaths and file locations, thus you can verify and authenticate from whom the files came. Unlike the forensic image, this method can be targeted, and can utilize search terms to narrow down particular files that you may be looking for, for a specific matter.
Logical Data Collections
- Done typically copying data to a hard drive, CD/DVD, or possibly even by attaching native files via e-mail and sending that way. You can use keywords and searching on the system you're using to find specific documents assuming you have terms to check before collecting the data. This method is not forensically sound, however, it is not uncommon for data to be collected this way. Ideally, try to have an IT or data collection specialist doing this work, but the witness or custodian may be able to collect the data themselves and turn it over to you. You can have them sign a declaration that they've done their due diligence in disclosing the relevant data to you, shifting the burden to them.
Who can help me collect and how can I help them?
In the instance of court ordered forensic collections, you will need help and likely someone certified in a forensic collection tool. You will also need to instruct the IT or data collection specialist on what to collect, how much, and using what methodology. Even if you have a court order to perform forensic collection and preservation, you may have various options and tools to comply with the court's request; your IT team can talk you through the implications of each. This gives you an opportunity to work with the IT or collection specialist and for them to provide you with a consultation on how they will perform the work to meet the needs of your case's collection efforts.
I was at a seminar recently where counsel told his data collection specialists on a mobile phone collection that all they needed to collect were basic text messages (SMS – Short Messaging Service) and e-mails. The collection specialists did exactly what they were asked. Unfortunately, there was substantially more data to collect, including MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service) and EMS (Enhanced Message Service) data. Photos, videos, or other multimedia sent via MMS or EMS were not collected; neither were voicemails. Technical professionals typically tend to follow instructions to the letter and not question your directives—remember they are not lawyers and do not fully understand what you need unless you tell them what you are trying to accomplish. In this case, the techies perhaps could have done a better job of going back to the attorneys and explaining all of the other data collection options on the mobile device, and likely would have had the attorney explained that his goal was to get all the potentially relevant data off the phone.
No matter what the situation, you have to do your part in terms of outreach, communication, and management of the collection process and the case. For example, you will likely have to craft search terms, in consultation with your technical experts. This becomes an opportunity for you to explain the background and merits of the case, and to provide them some perspective from your aspect of the work. A better understanding of the case background and collection objectives between attorneys, IT and records management professionals can contribute to much better results.
Be receptive to feedback from IT and realize sometimes technological tools cannot always accomplish exactly what you think they can. Do your best to understand the tools and tech and how they work. The technical experts will then be able to relay to you what's achievable on their end and whether they can accomplish the data collection or preservation you seek to complete. Think about collection and storage options, and how you want to handle the documents for review and potential presentation at trial. For you to direct successful data collections that are technically and legally defensible, you will need both legal and technical professionals who can listen, understand, and identify issues from both professionals' perspectives and objectives.
In the end, because of the sheer size or complexity of the data you're dealing with, or possibly because you're dealing with a large number of potential witnesses or custodians, you will need someone else to perform the work. You likely will not have time or the technical expertise. The question then becomes what are the parameters and options for the collection and preservation of data. This requires planning and understanding of the substantive and technical issues of the case at hand. The best strategy is to make sure to help IT understand the substantive issues, while letting them help you understand the technical ones.
This publication contains general information only and Deloitte is not, by means of this publication, rendering accounting, business, financial, investment, legal, tax, or other professional advice or services. This publication is not a substitute for such professional advice or services, nor should it be used as a basis for any decision or action that may affect your business. Before making any decision or taking any action that may affect your business, you should consult a qualified professional advisor. Deloitte shall not be responsible for any loss sustained by any person who relies on this publication.


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Janesville man pleads not guilty in club-drug case
JANESVILLE—A Janesville man accused of trying to sell $32,000 worth of a club drug pleaded not guilty Monday in Rock County Court.
Allen A. Strzyzykowski, 23, of 1731 S. Crosby Ave., is charged with possession with intent to deliver methylone and possession of marijuana.
Sheriff's deputies arrested Strzyzykowski on Highway 51 near the Southern Wisconsin Regional Airport on May 7 and reported confiscating nearly two pounds of suspected methylone, said to be related chemically to MDMA, or ecstasy.
A search warrant affidavit says the drug came from another person who had been receiving it via the mail from China.
Those involved in the scheme were selling the methylone as "molly," the document states. Molly is a variant of ecstasy that is said to be relatively free of other substances.
The drug also was referred to as "crystal," is said to be popular at clubs and other events featuring electronic music.
The payoff Strzyzykowski was to get for the drug was $2,000 and two personal watercraft, documents allege.
Deputies were tipped off by the U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency, which had a suspect in custody who told agents that he had planned to buy the drug from Strzyzykowski at the Turtle Island playground in Beloit on May 7, according to court documents.
The case has been assigned to Judge Richard Werner.


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- Other Technical Issues 10%
Sony PS4 Repair Service Cranleigh
Sony Playstation 4 can go faulty due to various faults and not all can be listed on our online store and can only be detemined after diagnosis at our repair centre for sony ps4, Get in contact with us for repairing your faulty ps4 and our representative will try help you over the phone or via E-Mail for customers in Cranleigh. Most common faults are listed below.
PS4 Blue Light of Death BLOD
Sony Playstation 4 can suffer from BLOD (Blue Light of Death) due to over heating or poor ventilation due to dust, we can fix PS4 Blod within 24 to 48 hours. Sypmtoms can be PS4 emitting a pulsing/flashing blue light and won't output video
PS4 Freezing while Playing Games
Sony Playstation 4 screen can freeze while playing games or on menu or while installing apps which is caused by CPU / GPU failure, we have successfully fixed ps4's with lots of positive feedback from our customers in Cranleigh.
PS4 No Display or Blank Screen
PlayStation 4 can suffer from no display fault due to various reasons which can lead to no display and it can be caused by GPU or HDD (Hard Drive) Failure, which can be replaced our technicians.
PS4 No Power or Powering ON
PlayStation 4 can suffer from power failure due to faulty power supply or logic board failure.
PS4 Broken HDMI Port
With Playstation 4 we had lots of complaints regarding hdmi ports breaking due to physical damage or ps4 falling from your table while hdmi cable was plugged in and ending up with Hdmi physical damage.
Blue-ray Disc drive not reading game disc
PS4 can stop reading game disc's due to laser failure which can easily be replaced by our expert technicians.
PS4 not updating or stuck on software update
Playstation 4 updates can fail due to various factors which can because of poor internet connection, faulty hard drive or dirty game disc. if your having update or software issues then get in contact with our technical repair team to get it fixed.
Get in Touch
Q. Is it possible to get my PS4 fixed from Cranleigh when it has no display?
A. Yes, we do collect game console from customers home in Cranleigh and deliver.
Q. My PS4 freezes so will it be economical to get it fixed?
A. Yes we try our best to carry out economical repair so it stays cheaper the buying a new console.
Q. Will i get charged for diagnosis of my ps4?
A. No we do not charge fee for diagnosis, we only fix when customer is being notified of repair quote and is happy to get it fixed.
Sony PlayStation 4 Tutorials
Prevent loud PS4 fan noise Black Ops 3 Fix
This is my method to clean inside the PS4 without totally pulling out parts of the PS4. Ever run games on the PS4 for only like a min or so latter the PS4 fan is running very loud to the point it is unbearable? Was it at one time running fine then on some if not all...read more
PS4 Blue Light of Death Repair Tutorial
Playstation 4 BLOD can be very hard to repair for people no technical education so its recommended for professionals only with high level soldering Skills. ThePhoneRepair.co.uk is not responsible for any damage to console or user because its not recommended for...read more


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Janesville gymnasts close out season at sectionals
Janesville gymnasts had some strong performances at Thursday night's WIAA Division 1 sectional meet but came up short in their bid to make it to state.
The co-op teams of Burlington/Badger/Catholic Central/Wilmot and Franklin/Muskego/Oak Creek/Whitnall dominated the competition in which Janesville Craig finished seventh and Janesville Parker eighth.
Parker's Hailey Leisten had the city's top finish with a ninth-place effort on balance beam. Teammate Brecklyn Skaleski was 10th in the event.
"As a team, we didn't perform our best, and we worked with what we had," Parker coach Heidi Jegerlehner said, indicating the Vikings suffered through a handful of injuries. "We went for it and gave it our all."
Craig's Michelle Cagney was 13th in the all-around, while Sara Malmanger was 14th on balance beam.
"We didn't have any state qualifiers, but I was very pleased with the way our girls competed," Craig coach Jean Welch said. "As a single school, it is extremely difficult to compete against four- and five-school co-ops … but our girls certainly held their own."
A pair of area individuals qualified for the Division 2 state competition at the Mount Horeb Sectional on Thursday night.
Milton's Taylor Kelley finished fourth in the floor and fifth on uneven bars to take fifth in the all-around.
Whitewater's Kelly O'Hara placed in the top five in every event except vault and was fourth in the all-around.
Last updated: 11:49 pm Thursday, February 27, 2014


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Rocco Duffel Bag
Color: please select a color
Size: please select a size
Style # AWANG40905
Need Assistance? Contact Us Now
Lightly pebbled leather constructs this utility-chic Alexander Wang handbag, accented with polished hardware. A box pleat obscures 2 zip pockets at one side, and textured, oversized studs protect the bottom. Detachable, adjustable shoulder strap and rolled double handles. The main zip opens to a lined interior, which houses a zip pocket and 2 patch pockets. Dust bag included.
Leather: Cowhide.
Weight: 48oz / 1.36kg.
Imported, China.
Height: 10in / 25.5cm
Length: 13in / 33cm
Depth: 10in / 25.5cm
Strap drop: 15in / 38cm
Leather: Cowhide.
Weight: 48oz / 1.36kg.
Imported, China.
Height: 10in / 25.5cm
Length: 13in / 33cm
Depth: 10in / 25.5cm
Strap drop: 15in / 38cm
Shipping & Returns
Free Shipping Worldwide: No matter where you are sending your order, we offer free express shipping across the globe. Shipping Details
Easy Returns: Because we understand that not every purchase is exactly right, we've made returns easy. With the return form and return shipping label included with every order, customer service calls aren't necessary. And if you're in the USA, returns are free. Return Details
Shipping Available: Shipping Within USA Only: For Amazon Prime members, free two-day shipping is available for all Shopbop & East Dane products.
About the Designer
At 18, fashion wunderkind Alexander Wang moved to NY to attend Parsons School of Design, and by sophomore year he was already designing his label's first collection. Though predominantly pure in aesthetic, the line incorporates elements of street fashion and the imperfect, a look that won Wang the Vogue/CFDA Fashion Fund Award in 2008. See all Alexander Wang reviews


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Super soft and stretchy jean leggings with tonal tux stripes. Flat front featuring zipper detailing and back pockets. Elasticized waistband.
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Aniston: Baby pressure is unfair
Jennifer Aniston has said it's unfair to put pressure on women about having babies.
The former Friends star is often quizzed about when she is planning to marry fiance Justin Theroux and start a family.
The 45-year-old said on America's Today Show that as far as she is concerned she has "birthed" and "mothered" many things and doesn't feel that her value is defined by whether she is married or has had a baby.
Horrible Bosses star Jen told how she had previously discussed the issue with feminist Gloria Steinem: "I'd talked to her personally about this for a while, just because it is such an issue of, like, 'Are you married yet? Are you going to have your babies yet?' It's just constant. It's like, I don't know!
"I don't have this sort of checklist of things that have to be done, and if they're not checked, then I've failed some part of my feminism or my value as a woman because I haven't birthed a child.
"I've birthed a lot of things and feel like I've mothered many things, and I don't think it's fair to put that pressure on people."
The actress is a paparazzi favourite but confessed she doesn't understand why people are so interested in her life.
"If you have an answer to that, please let me know. I don't know! I don't know," she said.


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Welles Park
2333 W. Sunnyside Ave. Chicago, Illinois 60625
(312) 742-7511
Fee: Free
Age Range: Any
Band: The Dill Costa Quintet [Brazilian/Bossa Nova]
As part of the Night Out in the Park initative Welles Park will once again host Tuesdays @ the Gazebo. The concert series runs June 18 - August 27, 2013. All concerts begin at 6:30pm. Rain [join us in the gym] or shine the show goes on. Bring your family and friends and enjoy an evening of music at the park. Grab a chair/blanket and pack a picnic basket!


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Which new features do you want the most?
or any smartphone, for that matter.
I know people have requested more options to sort our cupboards out, but I don't know if anyone mentioned the ability to add tags. I'd love it if I could tag all the teas in my cupboard with things like "black", "black blend", "Christmas Tea", "iced tea", "main cupboard" etc.
It'd be even better if we were able to use our own tags as I'm sure people would have other ways to sort their teas, but it would make it easy to go in and see which Christmas teas you have, or which teas you thought were great iced etc. If we could do this with all teas we've rated too it would give us a good idea of what we should re-stock!
Right now I would just like more consistent site stability.
Steepster elves, I know this is easier said than done sometimes.
Feature: If a user mentions a specific tea in the comments, it would be nice to have it autolink to the tea being mentioned.
Example: I loved Samovar's Ryokucha! (links: http://steepster.com/teas/samovar/1838-ryokucha)
This isn't directly for the site, and I only joined yesterday but have you thought about an app? I just checked iTunes and I don't see one but it would be great to be able to update when I'm out and about. Just a thought :)
I had the same thought, Courtney!
YES! An app was my thought when I joined yesterday. It'd make it so much easier to reply to people when you aren't at a computer. and you wouldn't miss out on a great swap if you could chat on the go.
I'd like to be able to click on a member and see the discussions they've posted (not contributed to, but actually created).
I'd also like to see the most recently commented on threads pop to the top of the discussion list (under the first default 3, of course), displaying the username of who made the most recent comment, not just the username of who originated the thread.
createaforum.com has free hosted simple machines forums that does this and more. easy to maintain too.
plus with that, we can fulfill another one of my wishes. to be able to track the topics that im most interested in without my inbox getting flooded :)
I'd like to be able to have a comment section for the tea companies. I know there are a couple places that make really good tea and others that sell some horrible teas. It would be nice to review the company as a whole before making any regrettable purchases. Unless of course this is already something you have and I just haven't found it yet.
I would greatly appreciate having blurbs about, or links to the different tea companies. There are 7 variations of "Special Tea" but which one is the shop in Victoria http://www.specialtea.com/?
I want a steepster app for my iPhone, that includes easy discovery of nearby tea locations. :)
What about an advanced search? Like sorting the teas you search by rating.


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book recommendation
Debate and discussion of any biological questions not pertaining to a particular topic.
Moderator: BioTeam
5 posts • Page 1 of 1
book recommendation
What are the books that cover these topic.
Enzyme catalysis (Michalis Menton Kinetics) and reactor design. Material& energy balances of fermentation processes. Kinetics of microbial growth and product formation (Monad model-Leudekins-Piert model). Nature of fermentation processes. Transport phenomena in biochemical reactors- Masstransfer in immobilized enzyme systems and Oxygen transfer in submerged fermentation process, examples of
primary metabolites, secondary metabolites and enzymes. Bioreactor operation and design, reactor sterilization.Batch, fed-batch and continuous culture process and cell recycle processes. Modelling of non-ideal behavior inbioreactors. Novel bioreactors, air-lift reactors, membrane bioreactors and fluidized bed reactors. Filtration and membrane based separations, centrifugation, extraction, absorption and chromatography.
Physiology, Pharmacology & Biochemistry: Basic physiology and biochemistry pertaining to all the systems in
the body. Classification, mode of action, pharmacological effects, side effects, toxicity and posology of drugs acting
on the CNS, ANS, CVS, gastrointerstinal system, endocrine system. Principles of chemotherapy, chemotherapeutic agents, anticancer drugs, vitamins and minerals.
Industrial Pharmacy : Pharmaceutical processing - mixing, milling, drying, powder compression, clarification,
filtration, Rheology, sterilization, sterility testing, disinfection, Pharmaceutical dosage forms : Formulation, manufacture
and evaluation of solid, semisolid, liquid, aerosols and parentrals. Chemistry of natural products, SAR and
Chemistry of analogesics, anticancer, CVS drugs, drugs acting on the CNS, GIT, chemotherapeutic agents, vitamins,
hormones.classification, identification, extraction and isolation of active principles of commonly used medicinal
plants. Immunological preparations, genetic engineering, fermentation. Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics-drug
absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination- general principles. Basic concepts of analysis of drugs.
all in bold is basically like using CAPS LOCK http://demotywatory.com/242
go into your favourite library (yeah, I know, you have dozens of favourite libraries, but simply pick one) and search for books with key words like
biochemistry, proteins, enzymes, fermentation, biotechnology, metabolism, enzyme immobilization, chromatography
Question for a Golden meanderer: Do you know, where did I get these keywords?
Cis or trans? That's what matters.
Re: book recommendation
Hey!! Thanks for the recommendation!
5 posts • Page 1 of 1
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Fall is a great time to visit public gardens
With autumn officially here the garden season is starting to wind down. Planting for the most part is done yet it's not quite time to put the beds to rest. At this point I don't really care if a few weeds gain hold in my garden. This is a great time to visit public gardens! They are still in good shape and it's the perfect opportunity to get ideas for your own garden next year. And the cooler weather makes garden touring a pleasure.
We are fortunate to have quite a few wonderful gardens within a 50 mile radius of Rock County. Madison has Olbrich Gardens and Allen Centennial Gardens (which is located on the UW campus and within walking distance of Babcock Hall's ice cream parlor!). In Rockford there is Anderson Japanese Gardens and Klehm Arboretum and Botanic Garden. And of course in Janesville we are very fortunate to have Rotary Botanical Gardens. These are all great gardens and I try to visit them as often as I can.
Last week I took a busman's holiday and visited Boerner Botanical Gardens in Hales Corners, Wisconsin (about 60 miles from Janesville). BBG is part of the Milwaukee County Parks system which includes parks, hiking paths, an arboretum and the Wehr Nature Center. One of my favorite areas at BBG is the trial gardens where they test up-and-coming varieties. They are an All-America Selections display site for flowers and vegetables. I love to go through and see how plants that photograph wonderfully in magazines really look when grown in southern Wisconsin! They also have an amazing rose garden that I was wowed by (and I don't even particularly like roses). The signage is quite good there also, so you can take note of plants you like. Beautiful buildings, statuary, water features and fun plant combinations rounded out the visit.
All of these gardens are participants in the American Horticultural Society reciprocal admissions program, which gives free admission or other benefits to over 300 gardens in North America. My membership at Rotary Botanical Gardens allows me to take advantage of this great perquisite when I travel in the U.S. and Canada. For me visiting gardens is the best way to vacation, even if it's just a day trip!
Janice Peterson has worked as a grounds horticulturist at Rotary Botanical Gardens in Janesville since 2002. She is a master gardener with the Rock Prairie Master Gardener Association. Though her education is in plant science, she considers her love of gardening and strong back to be her true qualifications. Janice is a community blogger and is not a part of The Gazette staff. Her opinion is not necessarily that of The Gazette staff or management.