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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Thank you Jon. Hello from Borneo
Thanks for the book references that you shared with us. Basics always helps people who only use microcotrollers infrequently.
What do you think of the advances of microprocessors and microcontrollers in your 20 years in this field?
Thanks Jon & Digi Key.
Thanks Jon and Digi-Key
Thanks Jon & Digi-Key
Thanks for archiving this class!
good one.
Hello from Gold River.
Thank you for archiving this course. Really worthful.
Thank you for archiving this course.
i am enjoying reading those questions and reply of mr jon...excellent...
thanks and looking forward for the next topic of this course...
very much appreciated for the excellent presentation sir jon....
very interesting, i will and have to finish the course with this Fundamental of Designing with Microcontrollers. This is advantage in my case in the advancement of automation towards building services...
once again, i appreciate the value on how mr. jon delivered his presentation...
what I do most appreciate as well are all about peripherals accronyms have been identified clearly to understand that to be understood.
that's clearly great and appreciated. anyway, i have already downloaded the educational materials for references related to my job practice around environment.
while listening of mr. jon lecture is an excellent presentation and clearly identified what are those about relative to the subject...GREAT!
i have downloaded the material for reference while listening the lecture...
once again, thanks alot...
good evening Sir Jon and colleagues for this lesson...
Very clearly explained. @Jon: What is the difference in memory use with regard to one-vector and many-vector interrupts?
nice intro
Thanks great lecture
Thank you....great start for microcontroller use
Great Presentation, Thanks Jon
@Jon: could you name some MCUs that support one-vector interrupt?
What is the Physical Interface for USB and Ethernet. If I have a PIC18F2455 for example, what else hardware do I need for USB communication? (I dont mean power supply or OSC..)
@Jon: In slide 25 you mentioned Ethernet and USB require software "stack", what is it?
In the slide 3 you wrote MCUs don't need OS, does it means some MCUs still have OS? What are the common OS on MCUs and their pros and cons?
Thank you!
Excellent Intro to MCU.
Excellent presentation!
Very good presentation! Thank You!
These are great. Thanks so much for hosting these!
Great intro to MCUs.
Thanks Jon, very interesting.
Great course, Sorry I didn't realize these courses were available. Thanks
How is the clock important to the CPU?
Great Introdcution to uC. Thanks
@altofi: No creo que sea posible escuchar estas conferencias en espanol. Asi que te las vas a tener que arreglar en ingles...
Do the microcontroller manufacturers provide a kind of spice model or someting that can be use in a simulator to simulate their chips in a schematic circuit?
Is there not a SPI standard?
@clia: On slide 17, signal PWM0-RSSI In is a pulse train where the pulse width carries information. When passing across the filter, it filtered out the carrier frequency, and let the analog information (voltage proportiobak to pulse width) pass.
Thanks for this great overview. This is a very good seminar
Very good seminar same I didn't tune in until now.
Isn't a PLC controlled by an MCU?
What is the main difference between MCU and PLC?
I know that you recommend C. Is there any reason to learn assembly?
If you had a favorite, which chip would it be?
Thanks for the great overview
Thank you
This great. Thank you.
Thank you
just the kind of material i was looking for, thanks Jon and Alex
Just started with these classes. Fantastic resource. Can't wait for the next session.
Thanks for the intro and looking forward to working through both this and the Advanced MCU courses. I do MCU programming as part of my job, but it is mostly self-taught so it will be good to go through this and cover things I may not have encountered.
Thanks Jon! Just catching up on these lectures now, but looking forward to the rest. Coming from a PIC and Arduino hobbyist background I'm interested to see what else is out there!
Thanks Jon. Good introduction to Microcontrollers. Looking forward to listening to the others.
Non-maskable interrupts being the same as master interrupts?
What is being filtered out on Slide 17 from the PWM output?
In addition to power and time, it wastes other resources of a microprocessor.
Are we going to be learning about Pulse Width Modulation programming?
How user friendly are the wizards, and how removed are they from ease of use and capability from programming in C?
I learned about these lectures well after they occurred, and I was wondering if anyone goes back and checks on additional comments for these lectures for those of us that are listening to them from the archive.
@mwalls321 - Yeah, I am in the same boat.
It was a good lecture from the archive
Will there be testing at the end of the course?
Is there a way to ask questions on the lecture?
How long ago did this class begin?
How is this class? It's my first time to attend it. Is there a way to get this lesson in pdf format?
Is possible to listen in spanish?
Just found out about this series and am catching up by viewing the archives -- excellent job, Jon!
somehow I took this before and "got lost" till the Frank Titus sensor lectures.
Keep up the good work. nite
I2S is used mostly on audio ADCs and digital audio related ICs like DSPs, for the rest of peripherals SPI is more common.
I really like to use PWM for generating analog voltage.
I have few questions :-1) I wish to know about the I2S mentioned on the slide 9?
2) In SPI or I2C which is better for low power application ?
Thank you for a great lecture
Thanks for providing the MCU series of presentations!
How do you select between I2C and SPI for chip-to-chip communications?
Great series! Thanks!!!
I decided to review this lesson again to be sure to capture all the information. Good session with lots of inforamtion.
Looking at microcontrollers from an FPGA perspective, how easy would it be to convert code written in VHDL into 'C' to port code to the microcontroller? What about I/O compatibilities?
Also another tip ... if you don't have PowerPoint installed, try downloading the Microsoft PowerPoint Reader so you can follow along on the slides.
Q: Hi, How do I listen the archived classes? I just can download slides. Thanks in advance!!
A: Hello. Check your audio config on your computer. I was able to click on the archived link and a separate page came up, complete with an Adobe flash player which played the DesignNewsRadio class excerpt. make sure you have the latest Adobe Flash installed.
Well Done.
Nice intro.
once again good start to a good series.
Choose one and stick to it and review your code often.
The standards for coding are many and varied.
This session is good.
The Motorola Micro controllers I started with were the 68HC11, 68HC16, and the 68HC332 and then went into automotive Engine Controllers with the MC555 series of controllers.
Good beginning! I look forward to the rest of the series.
thank you for a great lecture!!!
for how long are you planning to keep them available on this website?
the available audio recordings are very convenient
I think, I may have found my answer...
Is there a way to get credit for archived classes?
Thanks for sharing your knowledge and experience, as well as improving knowledge by answering the questions
Hi, How do I listen the archived classes? I just can download slides. Thanks in advance!!
Nice lessons =)
How many slaves for one master at I2C communication.
This is my fist lecture. How do you get to the live chat? Please advise. Thanks.
What are the coding standards used for medical equipment as there are MISRA C for Automotive?
Student here, very informative
The time here is after 6:00 PM (1800h), so I've wrapped up answers to questions and am off to dinner. I have tried to answer most of the technical questions. If you didn't get a direct answer, I apologize. You can find a lot of information with a Google search and MCU-vendor Web sites and application notes provide much helpful information, too. All the best. --Jon
Q: Any suggestions on where to get training in using an RTOS?
A: Most of the RTOS suppliers have online, in-person, and on-site training programs. You also can find books on RTOS applications.
Q: I second this question by 'Techhunter: At what point along the microcontroller spectrum do you want to start using an RTOS?
A: That's a good question for Jack Gannsle's sessions the week of 29 January 2012.
Q: I find 9600 baud seems a bit slow. is it possible to get faster speeds?
A: Yes. Some UARTs can operate at 115,200 bits/second without any problems. Check MCU data sheets for the maximum UART rate.
Q: How do we decide what is the minimum RAM and FLASH do we need before starting the project?
A: You cannot decide beforehand. It's best to look at an MCU that belongs to a family so you can go "up" the family tree to get more memory, or go down the tree to save money. It would be nice to have a code-estimation tool, but I don't know of one. Perhaps others have ideas they can share.
Q: Are the two differential lines in CAN bidirectional??
A: There is a difference between the two signals as shown on Slide 23 for a logic 0. The idle--logic-1 state--keeps both lines at the same voltage. There are only the two signals shown.
Q: What is the main difference between I2C and CAN? Their block diagrams seem to be
the same.
A: Use I2C for short-distance chip-to-chip communications. I2C devices use a common clock signal, CAN does not. Use CAN for longer-distance comms between a computer and a machine-tool, for example. CAN uses a sophisticated protocol that included a cyclic-redundancy code, error flags, acknowledgements, message identifiers, and do on. It's a robust form of communications.
the same.
A: Use I2C for short-distance chip-to-chip communications. I2C devices use a common clock signal, CAN does not. Use CAN for longer-distance comms between a computer and a machine-tool, for example. CAN uses a sophisticated protocol that included a cyclic-redundancy code, error flags, acknowledgements, message identifiers, and do on. It's a robust form of communications.
Q: is usb an extenal hardware to a MCU or just a software?
A: Actually both. The MCU provides the hardware that implements the bus timing and a state-machine. For information, see the PIC18F2455 data sheet at: http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/39632e.pdf. Also see Jan Axelson's book "USB Complete." You need a good knowledge of how the USB operates before you implement it. You will need a software stack, too.
Q: Is it possible to change priorities for one-vector interrupts?
A: Yes, you just change the order in which you test the flag bit for the devices that can cause an interrupt. To give a UART higher priority than an ADC, you test the UART flag first and if it is set, you run the UART-related code. After you handle the UART interrupt you test the ADC flag, and so on. The last flag you test has the lowest priority.
Q: I purchased the Parallax development kit. Is this a good place to start or should I purchase the PIC 32 kit also?
A: The Parallax kit is a good one to start with. Learn all you can and them try a PIC32 kit.
Q: What is the input range of the ADC? What is the educational value of the kits you presented.
A: The input range has a maximum of the supply voltage of the microcontroller. An MCU with a +3.3-volt power source cannot accept a voltage over 3.3 volts on any input, although MCU manufacturers include a bit of tolerance. The ADC range depends on the reference voltage, so read the data sheet for the MCU you plan to use. For a 2.500-volt reference, for example, you can digitize a signal between 0 and 2.500 volts. Some MCUs have an internal reference you can select, or you supply an external reference.
Q: Great overview - thanks, Jon. I've got the parts here to build a Mark-8, also (one of many projects on my list).
A: Great. Let me know if you need any assistance. You can find my email address with a Google search.
Q: Seems that the slide "USAT Communications Timing" shows LSB after start. I believe it should be MSB.
A: You are correct, thanks for pointing that out. Some UARTs do let you send the LSB first, but I don't know why anyone would want to do that.
Q: Typically, does the MCU have a higher power requirement than the CPU?
A: Most MCU manufacturers don't specify the power drawn by the CPU alone. Perhaps you mean does a microprocessor draw more power than a microcontroller? Yes, usually. a high-end Pentium-class MCU needs a heat sink. MCUs do not.
Q: Are there MCU that can drive a 110V motor directly, or would you interface through solid state relays?
A: A solid-state relay would be good. You could also use an MCU to trigger a triac through an opto-isolator. I have seen some schematic diagrams that use an MCU to directly drive a triac, but in the interest of safety, I'd want an opto-isolator, or opto-coupler between my MCU and line voltage. Do a Google search for microcontroller triac optocoupler.
Q: Can MCU do function of PID ???
A: Yes. Here's a Microchip PIC application note about PID loops: http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/AppNotes/00964A.pdf. Do a Google search to find other app notes.
Q: Can the software for the Launchpad be downloaded from TI or do you have to buy it?
A: You can download it from the TI Web site at no charge: http://processors.wiki.ti.com/index.php?title=MSP430_LaunchPad_(MSP-EXP430G2).
Q: Can you prevent Interrupt priority inversion with a watchdog timer?
A: Sure, that's one way to do it, but the watchdog timer will run continuously, which can make debugging a pain. Right in the middle of some debugging, the WDT can trigger a reset. Priority inversion occurs when a low-priority device monopolizes, or blocks, a system resource that a higher priority device needs to use. One way to prevent priority inversion is to write short interrupt-service routines. A real-time operating system or scheduler can help reduce this type of problem.
Q: How friendly is code composser to work with TI MCUs, is its recommended tool, can it be freely used with MSP430?
A: Yes, you can use CCS with the MSP430 MCU family.
Q: What about wireless communication?
A: I'll talk more about wireless comms in Session 2.
Q: arduino board programming is supiorior than basic ATMEL board programming?
A: It depends on what you want to do. The Arduino uses an Atmel Atmega 328P MCU and the Arduino has easy-to-use tools, so if you want to start learning, the Arduino board will do nicely.
Q: I disagree, I think as Jon is saying, jumping in and using Arduino is better than trying to pick up plain C and using a uC from scratch.
A: Yes, that's correct. The Arduino or mbed boards provide a good "sandbox" in which you can try things, learn from others, and do real things. The tools are free and have a lot of support.
Q: For a mechanical/biomedical engineer with little background in electronics, what would you recommend for me to come up to speed?
A: Take a look at the BASIC Stamp modules and educational materials from Parallax: www.parallax.com. The BASIC Stamps provide a good way to get started and Parallax has many books about electronics. I also recommend the book, "Make: Electronics," from O'Reilly Media, ISBN: 978-0-596-15374-8. It's an excellent book with many helpful illustrations and diagrams.
Q: Question for Slide 14: What are typical maximum intervals for timers? µs, ms, s, min?
A: You determine the intervals by the clock source you select. Most MCUs use the system clock and divide it by a value you set, likely a power of 2; that is, divide by 2, 4, 8, 16, etc. You can use an internal timer to click every 1 msec, for example, and then every time the timer ticks over, increment a counter. Then after 10,000 counts you have a 10-second period. The timers and counters are very flexible.
Q: Jon, does MPLAB X have a chip configuration wizard for PIC24 and PIC18?
A: Prior to the seminar I asked Microchip about wizards for the PIC MCUs. They replied they do not have such a wizard for any of the MCUs. Sorry.
Q: With SPI, can you have one master and many slaves?
A: Yes, but you need a chip-select signal to enable or disable each SPI slave. That means you need an MCU output for each external SPI device in addition to the SPI communication signals.
Q: Jon, does it make sense to use a FPGA parallel processing to handle MCU interruptions?
A: Probably not for an MCU application. You'd probably need to embed an MCU core within the FPGA aqnyway, so I'd recommend using an MCU first.
Question: In industrial automation, do microcontrollers find use in developing smart sensors? Are FPGAs anothoer solution for embbeded programing.....and if so how do I decide - FPGA vs microcontroller?
Answer: Yes, MCUs fit nicely into smart-sensor applications. They have memory for code and, if necessary, can linearize sensor outputs to convert them into units such as pounds, newtons, mm mercury, PSI, etc. I think an FPGA would be overkill for a smart sensor.
If you had to choose between SPI and I2C on a single board, which one would it be?
I'd use SPI if I had one or two chips and only needed simple transfers of data from one internal register. Use I2C if you have a chip such as the Analog Devices AD7991, which has several registers to set operating modes. I2C is the only way to connect to it. Look for the external devices you need first and let them govern the type of MCU interface you need. --Jon
franchzilla, thank you for the link http://www.ti.com/tool/grace
yep, have to leave, too. made the mistake of opening my inbox.
Well we're talking about embedded stuff here. You want to squeeze the maximum amount of computing you can out of a system. So it's kind of "required" that you "build the op-amp" to do so. Libraries are fine if your applications don't change much from product to product.
I like this kind of discussion, but it is time for me to go. See ya. :)
this is a good introduction. thanks
@s.schmiedl It's nice to know what the basic internal operation of an OpAmp, but it kind of helps when you can get one from a grat company when the objective is assembling a guitar amplifier instead of assembling an OpAmp.
The danger, IMO, is not using things made by others. It's using things that are too complex. Even if I made it myself.
@nateholio I agree that letting everything be just a lego is not good, but some libraries are very useful. I tried working with no libraries at all and some things become just a waste of time, reinventing the wheel. Using a library would speed up the work and maybe its implementation was already tested and checked by many other people, granting me some assurance of its quality.
Kind of like me not knowing the insides of an OpAmp when soldering it into the circuit.
I agree with you s.s
It can still be manageable and error-free if you code your own subroutines/ISRs/&&c and use those as a base for programming on top of.
@franch...I mean an enviornment where you have a bunch of libraries full of lego blocks and you just have to put them together in the right order to make what you want. Not even a need in some applications to know what an ALU, barrel shifter, I/O address for a control register is, &&c anymore.
@luizcosta It was Grace: http://www.ti.com/tool/grace
Does anyone remember the name of a Wizard Jon mentioned that translate GUI clicks to C?
@nateholio What do you mean?
too many hidden fiddly bits and magic switches. I'm not sure how much longer I will be able to be part of a culture where n errors in m lines of code is considered acceptable. MCU code, at least at my current level, is of a size that is manageable
Sadly, even the embedded world seems like it's going the way of click'n'compile "programming"
I'd rather just use ASM
I'm in Germany, 2pm EST is a near perfect time for me.
@s.schmiedl I personally think that it is easier to plug libraries together.
I think it's nice seeing people interested in electronics all over the world. I was afraid I would be one of the few non-american around here. :)
let me try a second answer: MCUs are simple enough to be efficiently programmed by humans. And I'm getting too old for plugging all of those fancy libraries together in just the right way ...
Franch....a little bit of each :)
currently I count myself as hobbyist ... OTOH I'm making a living now out of what was a former hobby. So who knows? :-)
Its 2AM in India. I am off too till tomorrow. See you all in next session..
I was curious... people here are students, engineers, technicians ou just hobbysts?
Jon mentioned timers...depending on the uC this might result in code that is more simple than using IRQs. However, you will eat up power every 100ms. If battery life is your concern then I would go for IRQs
Thanks jon for answering the questions. Have a nice day!
Thank you very much, Jon. Great class. :)
thanks for your input on my questions. Much appreciated.
Thanks for the advice, Jon.
I have to get some lunch. Back later this afternoon to check in and answer more questions. Thanks for attending. --Jon
@s.scmeidl As an example, I made a simple system with AT89S52 with a 16-key keyboard with and LCD display to show the input and 2-buttons on the interruptions to scroll up and down the display. I looped they keyboard to read the input, but I needed the scroll to work right away, so they were plugged in the External interruptions.
s.schmiedl....then use IRQs to save battery life
Button presses a few times a day. I'd put the MCU into a deep sleep to save power and wake it upon receiving an interrupt from the button. This assumes the MCU doesn't do anything until someone presses the button. You also could set a timer to wake the MCU, say, every 100 msec and check the button.
assuming the processor is asleep most of the time and drawing low power an interrupt will use less power than polling would especially if only 4 events per day are required.
At least, none of the PIC16s I looked at... :P
I'm considering battery life. The MCU would basically be waiting ... the high point of its day being sounding a piezo speaker when the button press is late :-)
Yeah, choosing the wrong PIC can be a hassle. I recently had to dig through nearly all the PIC16s just to find out that NONE of them had proper Multi-Master I2C support.
s.schmeidl....if you have a lot going on I would use interrupts. Otherwise its simpler to just poll, but that will cost clock cycles.
@s.schmiedl This type of thing depends. If you need the button to stop whatever the MCU is doing to process its request, you should use an interruption. If you can loop and read those buttons indefinitely, there's no need to interrupt the MCU.
Watch out for some of the PIC MCUs. I have experimented with the PIC16F690, for example, but to use the MPLAB debug capability I would need a DIFFERENT 16F690 chip with more pins that provide access to internal MCU debug functions. Microchip offers that "special" chip on an adapter board that takes the place of a regulat 16F690 in your system. So, you need the adapter and a cable for some Microchip MCUs. Look closely to find out what you need to use ALL of the capabilities in MPLAB and other integrated development environments. You can't just go out and buy "stuff." It takes some research. I'll talk about these aspects in other sessions this week.
s.schmiedl, interrupt, not polling
Thanks Jon and Tekhunter. I need large code space tools as I try to use MCUs as dedicated MicroProcs. GCC seems to work well, but the Atmel Dragon is iffy for me!
with arduino, you're led to polling by the setup() and loop() functions. I wonder how one would do it with a MSP430 without the arduino environment
I like it because you can use the SAME Clang for X86 AND ARM development. You don't need yet another blasted GCC for every pathetic little thing.
Clang is BECOMING a universal compiler for C. It's not there yet, but it does currently feature ARM support (Apple uses it for iPhone), and it's also built as a drop-in replacement for GCC.
If you use an FPGA, you can try out different IP cores... the performance may not be identical to the respective processor, but it could be representative.
If you had a simple user interface, with one button, to be pressed about 4 times a day, would you use an interrupt or poll the button repeatedly?
There are no universal compilers I know of. The GCC tools come the closest but you need a library for each type of MCU. You can get tools from IAR, Rowley, CodeSourcery, and others that let you work with different types of MCUs, but the tools are expensive unless you use the code-limited versions.
Is the audio will be archived for this session?
Thanks much, see you tomorrow.
For PICs, MPLAB X is free, but you need at least a PICKIT3 programmer ($50); you will probably also want an ICSP cable and a ZIF socket at some point.
Great session. Thanks for having these! I am interested in getting credits for these sessions. How exactly do we get credit? Is there a certificate, or something? Thanks again.
If you recorded this course, i was woundering if you send me recorded file by email.
My email is email@example.com
Are there simulation software platforms available to assist with prototyping prior to commiting to a particular microcontroller within a manufacturer's product range?
Not that I know of unless you want to buy The MathWorks MATLAB and Simulink, which are expensive. Those tools let you simulate a complete system. I suppose you could also use National Instruments LabVIEW. I don't know how well either set of tools would simulate a small MCU. They handle mainly high-level control systems.
I use Keil's free limited code-space version of uVision.
Inexpensive dev systems? TI has free limited code-space versions of Code Composer Studio. The Renesas HEW IDE is free and has no limits, as far as I know. The AVR Studio is fine, too. Several people have noted the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC), also free and available for many MCU families.
Tenacious: here's a chip I enjoy using
are there universal compliers for mcu's or are they device dependent?? can c+ do most of the job??
@Jon and Alex. Thanks for the wonderful presentation and for answering everyones questions.
Thank you for presentation and answers..
Hm.... chat is eating some of my messages ...@Jon: If you had to choose between SPI and I2C on a single board, which one would it be?
Browse the datasheets, they've got some great stuff
Ah; I stand corrected about FTDI. I wasn't really familliar with them. XD
Tenacious: FTDI makes a myriad of types
Erm, FTDI is serial, isn't it? I was looking for a USB HID device. Macs don't do serial. :P
Let me know what you would like and I'll try to get it for you. --Jon (Sorry, no way to change type style in this limited edit window.)
Jon, it can be REALLY difficult finding a chip that properly supports I2C Multi-Master in hardware... any recommendations on how to find one easily?
@Jon. Thanks for a nice presentation. Looking forward to attend tomorrow's session..
You don't need an MCU for a simple joystick application. Check out FTDI (www.ftdichip.com). They offer USB chips that you can use.
The GCC toochain IS a pain to set up and use, but once you have it set, using it with the Eclipse IDE is a pleasure. Especially for debugging step-by-step. And really especially if you don't have a lot of money to spend with Kiel.
Dear Jon,
I couldn't use this section due to technical problems in my OS.
Is it possible to share this course for me?
Yes, thanks for the presentation! Looking forward to the next session!
@jruddy I heard about Zynq and I'm really curious to use it. Seems to be a promissing technology.
Jon, do your have suggestions for inexpensive dev systems? I choose Atmel AVR Studio as we do very short runs, the Studio is free and has a C interface. Microchip was outside of my boss's budget.
@ Jon, thank you so much teacher, we are so glad to be here :)
Xilinx's new ZYNQ is an FPGA board with an ARM processor onboard, connected to the FPGA with an AMBA bus. All on one chip
Regardless, buying an IAR toolchain, or something from its competitors, isn't cheap, and not easy to do if you're just getting started, and can't yet justify the investment. The mBed board can be good, but you can't do assembly through the web IDE. :P
@franchzilla thanks friend :)
I'll check on archived audio. I assume it will be available--the slides need the audio to help people understand them. --Jon
Yup. I'm hoping Clang fixes all that, Jon. :)
@wessoufi Yes, it will. Actually, there is already an Archived Classes option in DigiKey's continuing education center menu. I guess the classes will be eventually archived there. :)
I have tried to use the GCC toolchain, but found it a pain to configure and use. --Jon
Many of the FPGAs available have either a hard-core or a soft-core MCU. You buy FPGAs with hard-core MCUs and use a program library to implement them as soft cores. I have experimented with the Altera Nios processors but haven't used one in a design. Worth looking into if you need additional capabilities for an MCU but want everything in one chip. --Jon
the audio portion will be archived at the end of this session ?
@Jon. Thanks for the Info.
Jon, that's because you got the compiler from IAR, instead of trying to find an existing gcc toolchain. If you try the latter route, you aren't very likely to find a toolchain that meets unusual requirements.
I haven't looked at Space-grade MCUs, but you might find larger companies such as Cypress, TI, Renesas, and Freescale have space-qualified MCUs. I know the amateur-radio community has put small communication satellites in orbit with MCUs, so they must exist. Jon
Is the audio portion of this presentation going to be available as a podcast? I don't see it in itunes yet. Just a test.
Reyaz, you should probably also ask if they are available with limited quantities.
Question: ARM chips can be a royal pain to get started with, if your chip or library requirements are odd; you need a completely different version of gcc just for every little thing. :P
Answer. I just worked with an ARM-based MCU from Energy Micro and had no problems with the libraries for the IAR compiler. They did what I expected and made it easy to configure the chip. Energy Micro could give more information about some aspects of using the peripherals, though.
@Jon. Are MCU chips available in space grade quality with reasonable RAM on chip?
ShaoloLLC, I hear that, but I wanted the host's answer. :)
Interested in FPGA vs microcontroller
@Techhunter: Find the cheapest chip you can that you're comfortable using and that has a built in USB peripheral.
I messed around with the PIC simulator a while ago. It's quite convenient as long as you don't require fancy hardware input .-)
In industrial automation, do microcontrollers find use in developing smart sensors? Are FPGAs anothoer solution for embbeded programing.....and if so how do I decide - FPGA vs microcontroller?
Jon, does it make sense to use a FPGA parallel processing to handle MCU interruptions?
To register for tomorrow's session on "Picking the right MCU for your application," go here:
I second Reyaz's comment about not flooding the chat.
Tenacious Techhunter, seethis app note : AN11084 Very Large I2C-bus systems and long buses.
@ MazianLab, i don't think so
Some tools, such as the Microchip MPLAB, include simulators that let you give your code a preliminary test before you load it into an MCU's flash memory. I have not used that simulator, so I can't tell you how well it workd. I'm more of a load-it-and-try-it guy. --Jon
Jon, do you have a recommended chip for USB HID devices? A 32 bit microcontroller seems a bit overkill for a simple joystick application...
Is it possible chat with voice?
Might suggest numbering all pages.
Hi All. Let us not flood the chat window with trivial questions like is C an OO language, etc. We should respect the time given by Jon to us and ask relevant questions only..
I agree with thimme this is crazy communication One-To-Many as in the babel tower passage. It is very difficult following replies to questions. Is there any way to reconfigure this for future webinars?
It got very sporadic
@Tenacious Techhunter nope
Thanks. Good stuff. Looking forward to the next sessions.
It gets weird to talk about something that just disappears in your text. :P +
I can see you
C programming for embedded systems is the same as C for any other application. But, embedded systems reguire more interaction with and knowledge of the underlying hardware. __Jon
Did the chat just die?
C+ ...do the subsequent disappear?
What areas do you work in?
What problems are you trying to solve?
I work with semi-automated laboratory data collection systems [marine mud and rock].
Tenacious Techhunter
Very large I
2C-bus systems and long buses
Very large I
2C-bus systems and long buses
Hrm, that's weird. Subequent + signs are being removed from posts.
@wessoufi The greatest difference I felt between C and "embedded C" was that for MCUs, C works on even lower levels. There is a greater need to work with registers and bitwise operators.
It is very difficult following replies to questions. Is there any way to reconfigure this for future webinars?
@wessoufi: embedded usually requires much more tweaking single bits than "normal" application development
tcryar, there are much better offerings from Freescale these days. No reason to use the venerable 6502.
Me neither
All right. What kind is it? I'm afraid I don't know the terminology very well.
I2S is Integrated Interchip Sound to interface with audio codecs etc.
I2S is an Inter Integrated Sound protocol used for right and left channel digitized audio. It's common in consumer-audio applications. --Jon
If you just go to the base host, items get archived under "Webinars" header.
IDs are retained when archived.
what is the real difference between the C programming and the C programming for embeded systems?
It's C+ , not C
Cool presentation. Looking forward to tomorrow's session.
And, let us not forget the 6502. My first exerience, although at the time we called it a "mini-computer" !!
CAN vs. RS485. The RS485 spec only controls the signaling levels and doesn't offer a protocol or even compatibility with other devices. I like CAN when the communications require several drops, device addressing built into the protocol and communication priority. Look for a short CAN tutorial on the Internet. --Jon
google c and not it's not OO.
@agraybill no C is not object oriented but C+ is
For timers, your low end resolution is constrained by the clock speed your timer is being run at. The high end you can use counters to further enhance your timers. So if you have a timer that clicks off every 100ms, you can count those ticks with a basic int and track seconds, minutes, hours, days, years, eons, etc.
Thanks Jon, Design News and Digi-key
Thabk you jon. Can you please interduce us some simulator?
@ agraybill, no C+
@agraybill No. C+ is OO, but C isn't.
mdsmdsmd, yes, you can.
@franchzilla: But then I would be stuck in a loop again when waiting for 30 s, wouldn't I?
Can you tell us what is I2S?
Is C an object oriented programming language?
Jon - Good intro class. Thanks
With SPI, can you have one master and many slaves?
Jon, does MPLAB X have a chip configuration wizard for PIC24 and PIC18?
Thanks Alexander and jon
@s.schmiedl As clocks for MCUs usually run about MHz, the timers would be typically in the order of us.
I'm not a C+ programmer, so I can't comment with any knowledge about using C instead of C, but someone noted the use of C when they have many structures. That seems like a good reason to use C . --Jon
thanks for your time
ARM chips can be a royal pain to get started with, if your chip or library requirements are odd; you need a completely different version of gcc just for every little thing. :P
The audio finally started to work 1/2 hour into the presenation.
I like the format and as an educator it is something I would like to model.
Thanks Jon, is there any difference between the main mentalities of CAN and RS485? I mean what is the aim of CAN? To do a differential comm. in the low level easily?
See you guys tomorrow! Thanks again.
Audio portion of show is now over. Jon will be on the chat to answer your questions.
great intoduction
@Jon: Thanks for the overview.Question for Slide 14: What are typical maximum intervals for timers? µs, ms, s, min?
thx for today's talking
I learned about MCUs this year and started with the 8051. It's like a recent nostalgia for me. :P
Thenks ... is the first course that speak about all microprocesor !!!
the audio presentation wll be archived ?
thanks you for session
Thanks for the presentation !
@steinb86: See if your local community college offers intro ee classes. Analog is probably the most useful for biomedical engineers, depending on what you're doing.
stein86, it does no harm to start with an Arduino. PICs are also easy to get started with, but you have to spend more money.
Thanks for the presentation
Thank you for session. Very handy information.
Thanks Jon
Good JOB! THANKS!
Anywhere can I find the record of today's lecture?
Great introduction, thanks
mike_rossiter, I would think those qualify as a one-off, and essentially a rapid prototype. I was referring more to something to be mass-produced. But good to know Arduinos are doing actual work. :)
http://www.amazon.com/Practical-Programming-3rd-Steve-Oualline/dp/1565923065 is the C book mentioned.
Thanks, a great intro. I'm coming back tomorrow.
Thanks Jon for this great presentation
Thank you :) i really enjoyed it !!!
@Jon For a mechanical/biomedical engineer with little background in electronics, what would you recommend for me to come up to speed?
KTCallahan: Go to TI.com
@luizcosta I usually prefer C+ programming for more complex projects, that need a lot of structures.
c+ is object oriented
Try ARDUINO-32 "OLIMEXINO-STM32" ARM Cortex-M3 MCU.
What is TI Development?
slk, sometimes you can't do anything about the length.
@TT: I use arduino in a professional setting, they're great for building test fixtures. I haven't done product development with them, but I've seen lots of people building very involved devices with the available shields.
can you make a comment about the use of C language versus C+ programming?
Launchpad Wiki for those interested in the TI launchpad and MSP430 line
Is this chat session be email to everyone?
Was that Oulainne?
Great information....Thank you...0100101110010010
; me too, i was talking about the capacitance of long I2C lines what you can change just by a good pcb design.
Does MPLAB X have such a chip configuration wizard for PIC24 and PIC18?
Practical C Programming by Steve Oualline
Free Code Composer Studio is sufficient for Launchpad
can you type name of the book plz
slk, I am not talking about the capacitors. I am talking about the capacitance from long I2C lines. You can read about the problem on Wikipedia.
@KTCallahan The Parallax kit is what I'm starting with. I think it's a good intro kit.
I disagree, I think as Jon is saying, jumping in and using Arduino is better than trying to pick up plain C and using a uC from scratch.
www.SparkFun.com has a lot of great Arduino kits!
Arduino is good for casual stuff, and rapid prototyping. I'm not aware of any professional stuff that uses it.
@KTCallahan- try TI's Launchpad.
I like Arduino great starting point
; no, the traces have their own cap values from your pcb design. you can not kill that. try to minimize the legth and the numver of vias in the path to your chips.
I like COde composer better. I dont use much of Grace because I like the register writing. Yes the Code composer will do everything up to some code size limitation for the launch pad. I dont think that any of the microcontrollers suported by the lauch pad have more memory than the free code composer can compile.
Jon, is there a configuration wizard for Microchip devices, particularly PIC18 and PIC24?
@skechy it has a lot of libraries
Suggest low cost software. We do infrequent and very short runs. PIC is expensive.
the latest keil uvision is uvision4
Is the Parallax kit a good intro into development?
@mike_rossiter Yes i agree. I try to tell beginners who really want to understand to stray away from arduino's until they understand the innerworkings of ucs. Takes away from learning what is really going on i think
@franchzilla, okay :)
aurduino has a neat circuit layout program
fritzing or something along those lines
arduino board programming is supiorior than basic ATMEL board programming?
@franchzilla, i will look for some tutorials about uVision 3, thanks :)
You can get Arduino Pro Minis in your local Microcenter these days.
http://leaflabs.com/store/#Maple-RET6 is also Arduino compatible with a Cortex-M3.
Freescale HCS12 is one as well, though its popularity is dropping.
slk, my point is, you could use two resistors of twice that value, or 4 resistors of 4 times that value. My question is, does this kill the capacitance buildup, or is it just wishful thinking?
@wessoufi sorry, uVision is the IDE, but it already comes with the C compiler for 8051 architecture MCUs.
What about wireless communication?
How friendly is code composser to work with TI MCUs, is its recommended tool, can it be freely used with MSP430?
Not usually ran, CPUs comsume a lot of power
@jruddy34: it's not that arduinos are too easy, it's more that the bootloader program prevents you from doing real time stuff. Interrupts are practically useless.
On the flip side, you can use the Atmel programmer instead of the Arduino development environment and take advantage of the hardware.
Can you prevent Interrupt priority inversion with a watchdog timer?
@wessoufi I used Keil uVision 3. It's easy to use and quite complete.
Can the software for the Launchpad be downloaded from TI or do you have to buy it?
nateholio, the chat makes no noise. You just have to watch it.
i use IAR for launchpad... do you thinck codecomps is better?
Will we need any of those kits on slide 29 to do homework for this class?
I joined half way , still it's great. Thanks.
Thanks much..great presentation.
; all you need are the pull-up resistors on sclk and sdat, once, and i always used 1k78. no paralel.
Yes the TI Launchpad is a great stating point imo
@franchzilla, like what (compiler)?
thanks very interesting
Cool Tenacious...I'm typing in the dark here. My work blocks the audio so I don't know exactly what's going on when someone types something
is grace something like code architect for the nxp micros?
How can I get some support for getting audion?
Code COmposer for the launch pad is the way to go. IMHO.
thanks, jon.
Thank You
Can MCU do function of PID ???
Are there MCU that can drive a 110V motor directly, or would you interface through solid state relays?
Great job John
Guess newbies can start with TI's launchpad..very cheap dev board. opinions please.
MIDE-51 for program 8051.
Typically, does the MCU have a higher power requirement than the CPU?
Good Intro - Thanks!
Seems that the slide "USAT Communications Timing" shows LSB after start. I believe it should be MSB.
thanks a lot Jon!
Thank you, Jon! Very interesting, if a little over my head.
Thanks for the introduction jon.
Thanks Jon great job
what's wrong with too easy?
thanks Jon!
Thanks for the presentation Jon!
i really enjoyed your presentation mister jon ! thank you so much
Good lecture. :) It resumed my 6-month Microcontroller course's theory classes in 45 minutes.
thanks for the presentation!
Great overview - thanks, Jon. I've got the parts here to build a Mark-8, also (one of many projects on my list).
slk, you can't use parallel resistors that equal 1k78?
Thank you for giving information.
I really like the Launch pad. Everything you need to start for less than 5 dollars.
iar system is so expensive to study or develop an application, so we can use ATMEL mcu.
arduinio is too easy!!
Very good job.
Thanks Jon!
Excellent Presentation. Thanks
Some families have software for converting C to binary code for a MCU
Thanks Jon, see you tomorrow!
Great presentation. Thanks Jon.
@Jon thank you for great introduction session :)
Thanks, Jon.
How many of you have heard of, use LabVIEW?
What is the input range of the ADC,
What is the educational value of the kits you presented
Thank you Jon and Alex, it was great!!
Yes, there are many comilers for using C in micros
I'm aware, nateholio, but sometimes you don't want to use one of those.
I purchased the Parallax development kit. Is this a good place to start or should I purchase the PIC 32 kit also?
@wessoufi with the right compiler, yes, we can. :)
This was good.. thank you
What about the FAST C8051F120 (8051 Based) ?
; you MUST have the Rp resistors just once on your entire I2C bus, most of the time close to the controller side. usually, 1k78 would work all the tyme.
I must say, that I got it to work on the Apple MacBook Pro.
Could you talk about the difference between DSP and MCU
thank you
great job Jon!
Great presentation. Thanks Jon.
Did someone say whether the audio portion of this presentation will be downloadable?
I like arduino
Great Presentation
can we use c language instead of assemply for MCU?
Verrry good! I enjoyed it!
how much those picdem and IAR systems cost?
Great, I got the "radio" audio on the last slide I wonder how is going to be my grade with this level of participation!
@RMilewicz thanks. :)
What about the arduino family?
I have a few of the TI launchpads with the MSP430 line. great dev board for only $5!
There are i2C driver chips for longer distances
Grace is Graphical Peripheral Configuration Tool to easily configure peripherals of many members of MSP430 family. http://www.ti.com/tool/grace
slk, I mean for lots of I2C devices over larger distances. The capacitance of the signal lines build up. I'm guessing, but I think that if you had lots of high resistors, maybe one for each device in parallel, the capacitance of the signal line might go down, allowing longer length and more devices.
@kenstan No. There are some MCUs that don't come with USB interface out of the box. In these cases, you would need to implement the USB by yourself (or using help from the internet :P).
Does it make sense to use a external PLD to handle with some interruptions?
Is it possible to change priorities for one-vector interrupts?
the cap of the traces should be less than 400pf. in this case all your I2C chips in your circuit will work fine.
Difference between CAN and I2C:
CAN uses differential signals, meaning two lines are used for signals. There is no clock, similar to UART. This is useful for transmission over cable, as devices can be at different grounds and still communicate over the network.
I2C uses two lines also, but in this case one is for the signal, the other is for the clock. This is useful for use on a PCB where all IC are connected to the same ground.
@kenstan It has both... you have a hardware bus and you need software to implement the protocols related to it.
I work with MSP430. I am a hardware person. Can you tell me something about " Grace " mentioned by you ?
is usb an extenal hardware to a MCU or just a software
Has anyone tried getting around the I2C capacitance problem by just using large resistors in parallel, so the total resistance is correct, but the capacitance gets killed?
@jon. Yes. I concur with snandu13, few words about I2S interface please...
@kwoklo try download the latest chrome or firefox browser
Can you brief about I2S mentioned in one of your slides?
Is the audio going to be downloaded on Demand? where?
I use all different versions
Often I find at some point too much garbage is added to the program
and its ruined
Just happened to have this one lying around
and had to install it at the last minute
I2C cap and length of the traces are very important. also the R values.
@Tenacious. Thanks. Yes. That was my doubt. Not only that can this scenario support master read/write from multi slaves/masters' register data.. anyways i think i need to read more to find it out.
how abt USB option in PIC 18f4550 MCU chip
@FrankBishop why don't you upgrade to the latest chrome?
Jon, what do you recommend for HID devices?
@sarang it will work because i'm in south africa and it's working
franchzilla, the limits of I2C have more to do with the analog properties of the bus lines. If you can keep the capacitance down, your problems should go away.
Reyaz, the question you want to ask is whether the masters in CAN can address each other. Not sure, but Wikipedia might know that. I look up these busses on there pretty often.
If you want to know the differences between protocols, I recommend google. Elucidating the differences between teh two can be complex. Wikipedia is an excellent source of information.
my audio works fine i'm using the latest chrome browser
@Tenacious Techhunter That was exactly the problem. But using many SPI devices can get you out of pins in the MCU. But, again, I'm used to the AT89S52.
What is the main difference between I2C and CAN? Their block diagrams seem to be
@JON, which is the main difference between CAN and RS-485 ?
mine too
@Jon. Are the two differential lines in CAN bidirectional??
to reinforce Tenacious Techhunter's statement
please upload slides in open format
@raghu, you will often need to write your code and see what the compiled size is to determine your flash/RAM requirements.
franchzilla, try using the 10 bit address mode? But honestly, I2C isn't so good with MANY devices on it.
@rcaguilar you need to download the slides above
I am using Firefox 9.0.1 and have had no problems with audio.
I had to click on todays slide deck
download the power point
and manually follow the slides
The problem I got with I²C was that there is a limited number of addresses for the peripherals.
Jon: How do we decide what is the minimum RAM and FLASH do we need before starting the project?
I am logged in but cant see anything
I'm on a mac using Safari. Works fine here. Make sure you have adobe flash installed.
By the way, you REALLY need to do some in-depth digging on your parts if you want to use Multi-Master I2C. Manufacturers often gloss over whether a part uses Multi-Master I2C or not, and whether it does it in actual hardware, or merely in software.
I/m using Firefos on Ubuntu 10.04.3
I'm see it and hearing everything fine with a Mac/Foxfire.
@luiz you do not need to go anywhere. the player is supposed to appear above. if it does not please try the archive version which will also be posted here after the live event.
luizcosta, i'm on mac in safari
@FrankBishop I used 9600 bits/s a lot with the 8051, but I'm sure I have already seen a Freescale MCP communicating at 11kbits/s. This have to be agreed between master and slave.
in SPI mode could have more than one slave :D
and microcontroller like PIC & AVR have an open source tools :)
I can hear jon fine
Do you archive this seminar? I want a try at home because audio does not work.
Jon sounds fine here
luizcosta, I'm using Safari.
Jon needs to move his microphone closer to his mouth or use a better on, when other guy cut in with a question he was nicea loud Jon is too quiet
Can you have more than one slave?
okay thanks for the answer to my earlier question
What's a typical rate for SPI communication? How fast is too fast how fast is normal?
Thanks, Tenacious Tech
; should start auto. Try F5 for refresh your page.
I have usb complete
packed with info
exactly, there is no hint on the logged in page where to go.
@FrankBishop it all depends on which MCU you are using.
appear automatically romanw
@romanw The audio player should pop up above.
I find 9600 baud seems a bit slow
is it possible to get faster speeds
The "Today's Slide Deck" opens, but where can I find the connection for the sound?
ninjagumby, yeah, that's doable.
@luiz There is no Webinar interface, there's just a radio player. If you do not see it suggest you try to access the archive post show on demand.
missed 2x minutes already!
PWM DAC can achieve 16 bit resolution.
don even get to a webinar interface!
jruddy- I'll ask jon that later but will also point you to our Advanced Microcontrollers track beginning Jan 30 where we have an entire session devoted to RTOSes.
it's nice to have a comparator on a mcu
@Jon is it also possible to "toss" the least significant bits of ADC conversion if you do not wish to use 2 bytes to store the data?
Welp, I guess I'm waiting for the archive
question do all MCU have comparator
Happy... I can Hear....
I second this question by 'Techhunter: At what point along the microcontroller spectrum do you want to start using an RTOS?
raghu, Von Neumann vs. Harvard doesn't really matter too much. It's like arguing about RISC vs. CISC. Mostly pointless.
Still no sound
I have sound.
for no sound try F5.
What is the difference between DSP and MCU ?
When in doubt check the datasheet
@amsadri which version of chrome do you have?
@ Jon : How to decide between Von Neumann and Harvard architectures..
the sound back
I use IE8, still have no sound.
I don't have audio.
I now have audio
must have been my companies draconian firewall rules
@s.schmiedl doesn't that depend on the clock frequency you're using?
At what point along the microcontroller spectrum do you want to start using an RTOS? Any suggestions on where to get training in using an RTOS?
IE8 and Chrome, no audio
still no audio :(
I use IE8, still no sound.
@Jon: What are typical min/max intervals on PIC or MSP430 MCUs?
Jon, I wanted more details about those wizards you talked about. GRACE seemed to be really useful.
The Digikey logo and the rest of the items cover up the page number
I did download them but windows office I guess not set on compuetr
I hope the speakers talk is converted by using SPEECH TO TEXT software for the people to read here..No audio here either..
if anyone has questions for Jon, please enter them now. He will also come onto the live chat at the 45 min mark to answer questions directly.
it would be nice if the page # was visible. It is blocked by the word "CENTER"
@ Rod you need to download the slides here: Today's Slide Deck
all are free.
the sound just went off
natholio: I didn't pay for the other webinars, by Linear, Analog Devices and TI, either.
No sudio.
cANNOT VIEW SLIDES, HAVE AUDIO
using chrome 5.0.375.99
I have no audio either
we need two chat rooms, one for questions and one for basic chatting
didy: Probably because you aren't paying for it, enjoy the chat until you can listen to the audio archive
firefox 9.0.1 with flash... (uses flash for sound) works fine
Chrome and IE work, Firefox failed
I did re-login three time. it still have no audio.
Why wasn't a link available to test this environment before the lecture started?
I am from india.. will it work for me or not..
Audio works here
If you are unable to get audio it's most likely a firewall or else you may need to use a different browser.
MC68HC12 is stil nice even today
Most of us can't get any audio!
I always wanted to use a PIC... it's so easy to find, but I never used one.
not able to listen any thing
I also can not get audio
I really enjpyed the MC68HC12... nice chip
Yes, 4004
I can not get audio
Classes on NOW!
The first CPU was 4004 ???.
so far used..basic stamps, 8051 and now on msp430s
I have re-log-in, the audio player did not pop-up
Slides in an open format next time, please.
I'm on IE8 and still no sound. I've done other flash webinars here, no sound here.
Chrome works fine for sound too.
The first I used was the old 6800, 6502, 8088
First CPU was 8080 here
I had no sound using Firefox, switched to IE8 and sound works.
Where is the sound?
seems to help
fortiguar block my audio :S
Actually, I used an AT89S52, but the architecture is essentially the same.
The first microprocessor I used was an Z-80 and, the first MCU I used was an 8051.
use internet explorer
save/print the PP in pdf format.
Robustness in unusual environments?
e.g. down hole tools, high pressure environments?
First was 8742 in a hobby project
I refreshed and still no sound ?
The first MCU I used was an 8051.
Recall working with 8051 in mid-80's for a EE lab course.
Can I please have slides in PDF format ? or earlier PP version ?
The audio player did not pop up!
I have no sound.
have audio but very quiet speakers at max
nateholio, this course will be archived so you can listen to it at home later on.
My page says Done, but with errors on page.. may be that is why no audio yet. I am on IE.
good to go. had to re-login
I have no video and no audio
Streaming audio must be blocked at my company. it just says buffering......
Darn, company firewall is blocking audio
buffering here as well
Is there a link that I have to select to get connected?
i have downloaded the slides, but there is no content in the slide show. only the first slide all otheres are blank.
Couldn't hear you using Firefox, but IE sounds fine.
You have to download the slide (right)
How do I get the audio to work?
No Sound
No Audio
slides ar on " Today's Slide Deck " link
If you are unable to hear please refresh the page. If that doesn't work try a different web browser. It's also possible your company's firewall blocks this.
no audio
It worked at the beginning, now I'm buffering....
I have audio, sounds good. Using safari browser
slides can be downloaded right next to jon titus's picture above. click on today's slide deck
You have to download the slide deck above.
@fry you can download the slides by clicking "Todays Siide Deck" above.
it's ok
I can not hear you
Reloaded and no audio
I have sound now
still waiting for the sound!
Where are the slides displayed?
If you are not hearing anything it is possible that your firewall is blocking the sound. This will be archived so you can listen outisde of your work place.
buffering too
I have speakers but no sound fromthe webinar
it's ok :)
No audio and I'm logged in
I guess I'm watching the archived version. The audio is blocked by my office's firewall, and since it's Flash, I can't listen to it on my iPhone. So much for that lunch hour idea.
no audio.
if u can't hear audio, refresh your browser. some companies block live streaming audio
how i can listen to the course?
sounds good on this end
no audio. says its buffering...
I'm good.
My EI crashed, and rebooted with audio OK
I have the player app but it is still buffering......
Reload your webpage ... check for the audio player being blocked
Audio fine here.
No audio here.
me neither
I hear a bell or something... then it is mute.
All fine here
Is there a call number? I don't have speakers.
the only slide in the deck is the first one. all others are empty
I can not have audio file.
I can hear t well.
You need to be logged in to hear the audio.
I don't have any audio...
I have no audio
Can't hear anything yet ? 14:01 EST
Yes, this will be archived.
I don't see the audio player
Hi everybody
Hope this will be archived....gotta run to a meeting.
The audio is fine. :)
I didn't have any problems getting the slides.
There is no sound.
okay it starts now
are we on ?
Hi Everybody
sound good
the audio player should have now appeared for you above
am I missing any of your slides?
yes, i really would like to, english is my second language after french and arabic
How long will presentations be archived?
@jl please re-download the slides, they should all be there.
Hi everyone, should we open any other website or just wait here? Where will the screen pop up?
I am ready too, john. Your PPT has 30 slides if I am correct. but the last slide seems not concluding the topic.
@MazianLab and I thought I would be only one out of a few who aren't Enligsh native speakers.
@Frank the archive will be available on this page following the live presentation.
hello jon, I am only able to see the first slide of the 30 in the slide deck. will the other slides be available after we begin
Notebook in hand..
@THasham at 2pm ET the audio player will automatically appear.
Dear Jon, as you see most of your audince English is second language. I appreciate if you speek a littel bit slowly.
How do we access the archived?
Hi Jon,
thanks for your help in advance.
is there any voice for th presentation?
I'm here - and ready whenever
John Ruiz
Hello everyone.
standing by and waiting
Hi John, Do I remember correctly that you wrote an editorial in EDN about hearing loss and hearing aids?
okay. Thanks themuroff
hi mister jon, we are ready
Yes, type in questions and I'll answer as many as possible live and will try to follow up here with answers to others.
@Reyaz yes please type any questions for Jon below.
Hi john, if I have any questions during your lecture, should I type them over here? similar to the current posts?
"Today's Slide Deck" is the power point file that will be used for the lecture. The audio streaming will begin in about 5 minutes.
All set ... ready to Rock and Roll. Let the fun commence.
it will appear automatically at 2pm
audio starts automagically at 2PM
The audio portion will automatically load and play here at 2 pm ET. Please stand by.
hii everyone..i got the slides downloaded...where should i go to get the video or sound for that matter
By clicking on "Todayes Slide Deck" doesn't open. It opens a Power Point file.
Hi John, ready to go here.
or even better: convert the ppt to pdf to be as platform neutral as possible
@RSCooper unfortunately the version provided is the only one available. Sorry.
Hi Jon
Do you have the slides in an earlier version of powerpoint???
Test, hi this is Jon Titus, we'll start in 10 minutes.
The radio player will appear and automatically play at 2 pm ET. You can download slides now where it says "Today's Slide Deck".
Read below in bold
Where's the link to the live presentation?
Thank you franchzilla
hello, i didn't understand, is there any slides and audio files ? where can i have them ?
@dmafackler that would be a great idea. This would help everyone who is not used to the american standard timing (like myself). For the time being, this might be handy: http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/converter.html.
I've downloaded the slides, where is the link for audio?
Could have a count-down timer for each session, then flips to duration...
Iam in India. The course is due to start in about 40 minutes time. Now the time in India is 11.50 pm around midnight. Am I right?
then when do the session start pa....
Thanks. Like it when I have time. EST - CST = 1, DST not an issue for the moment.
i'm falsed in time
The session will start in approximately one hour from now.
You can dowload slides above where it says 'Today's Slide Deck'. At 2 pm ET the radio player will automatically show up and you will be able to listen to the presentation and follow along with the slides posted above. You can also ask questions to the lecturer by typing them below. All sessions will also be archived here if you are unavailable to listen at this time.
could any one help me... ther is no other option available here
where audio?
Where's the audio link normally appear on go-live?
Dual monitor config would work better. Got what I got.
is it started
how do session will be audio or video or slides???
!h20m left for the starting of the show.
The streaming audio player will appear on this web page when the show starts at 2pm eastern today. Note however that some companies block live audio streams.
Download the powerpoint now, before the show starts. Click the link above, "Today's Slide Deck"
Thanks. that is about 8pm here! Looking forward to the time! ;)
How is this class? by chat like this? or vidual throgh the webcam?
19h GMT Paul
I will be viewing from Nigeira, what time will it be kicking off. Nigeria is GMT +1. Thanks
Got it now, thanks nateholio
No 14h EST
Follow this link:
When that says 14:00 (or 2:00) the lecture will start
Thanks:) 14h gmt ?
1400 Eastern time (US)...date/time is under the lecture title up there ^
when the courses will start ?
Where do we access the audio for this lecture? (I was able to download the slides just fine)
What is the format for this lecture? Video? Slides/live chat? The network at my work location is locked down very well when it comes to streaming media.
it will start now ?
Hello, i hope i am not late !
I am also from India and when I added the event to my calendar, it turned out to be at 12.30 AM on Tuesday that is tonight. Till 2.00AM.
I am from india. May i know exact time
@jasper we have about 7hours to go.
did I miss the lecture? I hope its not over yet,
time calcululation wrong
when is the lecture starting?
good afternoon to you all
Be sure to click 'Today's Slide Deck' under Special Educational Materials above to follow along with Jon Titus on Monday afternoon!
The seminar will not focus on one MCU, although some of the tips and tricks in Session 5 use the Microchip PIC MCUs as examples. Most of these tips can apply to other MCUs, too. --Jon
Always eager to learn new things in the world of technology. Excitedly anticipating the class.
Are we going to focus on one particular type of microcontroller?
an eagerly expecting this lecture to start.


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Emmerson™ Industrial Expandable Dining Table
- Overview
Rustic meets relaxed. Featuring a butterfly mechanism that expands it up to 90" wide, the Emmerson™ Industrial Expandable Table has a classic silhouette that works with any style, from traditional to modern. Its reclaimed pine top is FSC® certified and shows the knots and natural imperfections that make each piece subtly one of a kind.
- 72"-90"w x 38"d x 30"h.
- Made from sustainably sourced wood certified to FSC® standards. Learn more.
- Solid reclaimed pine in a waxed finish.
- The reclaimed pine comes from a variety of sources, including shipping pallets and packing crates.
- Each piece tells the story of its previous life, often marked by scratches, color variations, stains, repair patches and natural imperfections that only add to its beauty.
- Unfinished wood has a rugged surface texture that will soften with age and use.
- Blackened metal base.
- Seats 8; seats 10 when extended.
- Butterfly extender located under the table's top (visible when compacted).
- Imported.
- Details + Dimensions
- Overall product dimensions: 72"w x 38"d x 30"h
- Extends to 90"w with butterfly mechanism.
- Comfortably seats up to 8 (compacted) or 10 (extended).
- Make sure it fits! See our guide on measuring for delivery.
- Number of boxes: 1.
- Shipping package: 63''w x 39''d x 32''h.
- Packaged weight: 148 lbs.
Assembled upon delivery via White Glove Service.
Care should be taken when placing hot items directly on the table. Use a trivet or surface pad when serving heated dishes. Liquids should be immediately blotted with a damp cloth. Do not use surface cleaners that could remove the wax finish. Hardware may loosen over time. Periodically check to make sure all connections are tight.
- Shipping + Return Info
Home Delivery Information
- White Glove Service and Inside Delivery items are delivered into your home by appointment (Mon – Sat) in most metropolitan areas.
- A representative will call to arrange a delivery date and confirm an appointment timeframe (typically a 4-hour window).
- Available in the contiguous 48 states only.
- Quick Ship fabric items receive delivery in 2 - 4 weeks.
- Special order fabric (SPO) items receive delivery in 8 - 10 weeks.
White Glove Service: White Glove is a premium service required on oversized furniture items and has an associated fee (standard shipping + processing costs still apply). With White Glove, your order is safely brought into your home by a skilled delivery team on a pre-scheduled date, unpacked in the room of your choice and fully assembled. All packaging materials are removed upon completion. Does not include installation (i.e. wall mounting of shelving units).
Inside Delivery: Inside Delivery is required on larger items that do not require assembly (i.e. oversized rugs, mirrors) and has no associated fee (standard shipping + processing costs still apply). With Inside Delivery, items are delivered on a pre-scheduled date to the room of your choice but are neither unpacked nor assembled.
Shipping Rates
The shipping rate varies depending on your order total and shipping options. Please note, some furniture, rugs and other large items that are bulky or heavy items have a delivery surcharge listed in parentheses ($) after the item price. These delivery surcharges are in addition to the standard delivery shipping charges. View Shipping Rates and Options
Return Policy
We take great pride in the quality of our merchandise. If for any reason you are not happy with your purchase, you may return the item(s) within 30 days of receiving the order for a full refund of the merchandise cost. After 30 days, we will replace or refund your purchase against manufacturer's defects ONLY. Please note that we cannot accept returns on mattresses, monogrammed/personalized items, special order upholstery items and special order rugs, one-of-a-kind rugs, or on items damaged through normal wear and tear. We also cannot accept returns of final-sale items, which are identified by a price ending in .99 or .97. Delivery fees are non-refundable.
For further assistance please call our customer service department at 1.888.922.4119 or send an email to email@example.com


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Main Content
Order as many items as you like with our $4.99 flat rate shipping.
This item ships within five business days.
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Help your young fan show off her die-hard Atlanta Falcons pride with this Sweet & Loyal long sleeve T-shirt. This tee features Atlanta Falcons graphics she'll love and long sleeves to keep her warm when football season turns chilly. No one will be able to doubt her intense love for the Atlanta Falcons when she sports this tee.
- 100% Cotton
- Imported
- Lightweight
- Officially licensed NFL product
- Screen print graphics
- Tagless collar
- Crew neck
- Long sleeve
- Screen print graphics
- Imported
- Brand: Outerstuff
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Special event items are produced by manufacturers only after the outcome of a game or event. These are advanced sale items and will ship immediately after they are received in our warehouse.
Manufacturer direct items are shipped directly from the manufacturer. These items are not available for international or expedited shipping.
Customized items can be personalized with options such as your name, your favorite number, and/or designs. Some options may be limited by league rules.


text:
The 10 Companies With the Most Flexible Jobs
Eighty percent of U.S. companies offer flexible work arrangements, according to jobs site FlexJobs. Options range from full-time, work-from-home jobs ...
AAUW: At This Rate, the Gender Pay Gap Will Close in 2152
The gender pay gap is real, and the reasons it persists are complex and varied. The first step to closing it is to understand where we are right now, ...
PayScale's VIP Blog Roundup: 45 Interview Questions That Will Lose You the Job
It's almost a job-searching cliché at this point, the reminder that you're not just trying to get the job, you're also trying to figure out if the job...
Tell us about your current job and your skillset, and we'll let you know how much employers are paying in your area.


text:
Main Content
- Material: 100% Faux Leather
- Opens into a stand
- Laser engraved graphics or printed graphics using HighColor process
- Lightweight
- Measures approximately 6" x 8"
- Rotates to vertical standing position
- Custom cutouts
- Faux leather case
- Direct access to all device controls and ports
- Officially licensed
- Imported
- Brand: Coveroo
Knicks Customers also liked:
Special event items are produced by manufacturers only after the outcome of a game or event. These are advanced sale items and will ship immediately after they are received in our warehouse.
Manufacturer direct items are shipped directly from the manufacturer. These items are not available for international or expedited shipping.
Customized items can be personalized with options such as your name, your favorite number, and/or designs. Some options may be limited by league rules.


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The theme for the latest Festival of Postcards hosted by Evelyn at A Canadian Family blog is white.
Given the time of year and the fact that there are rumours going around that we might have a White Christmas in Sussex this year (I very much doubt it!), there was only really one choice of card from my collection.
This is rather different to the usual seaside view of Eastbourne, Sussex showing the promenade and pier. There are a few figures on the beach, but no tourists enjoying ice cream in the sunshine. Although judging by the number of footprints it does look like there had been plenty of people out strolling along the promenade.
The "great blizzard" was on the 28th December 1908 and of course the heavy snowfall wasn't confined to just Eastbourne or Sussex, but much of Britain appears to have been affected.
According to The Sussex Weather Book (Froglets Publications and Frosted Earth, 1991) in Eastbourne, "so fierce was the blizzard on the sea front that the snow and mist rendered the sea invisible".
The Brighton Herald newspaper (quoted in The Sussex Weather Book) described the scene:
"There is nothing that so utterly transforms a town as such a fall of snow as that of this week. It brings with it a rare witchery of beauty, yet a rare sense of desolation. The beauty is in the encrusting of the trees, the silvering of the bushes and the mantling of lawns in purest white. The effect of desolation was heightened by the profound hush. Indeed the strange effect of deep snow to the townsman is the silence that it brings".
Ironically the ice skating rink at Brighton had to be closed because "snow was percolating through the roof and covering the floor".


text:
Main Content
Order as many items as you like with our $4.99 flat rate shipping.
This item ships within three business days.
Order as many items as you like with our $4.99 flat rate shipping.
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After a long workout, do you need an hour or more just to cool down? Cut that time down significantly when you use this Tennessee-themed Cooling Towel after exercising! The towel is made out of a special material which, when applied, will make you feel up to 20 degrees cooler. Plus, it features a Titans logo on the towel for that extra team spirit! Whether you're tailgating in the heat for the Tennessee game or just relaxing after working out, this Titans towel will cool you down while your team pride stays hot.
- 25" x 16" Towel
- Imported
- Makes your body feel up to 20 degrees cooler
- Screen print graphics
- Special care instructions
- Officially licensed NFL product
- Imported
- Brand: The Northwest Company
Other Customers also liked:
Special event items are produced by manufacturers only after the outcome of a game or event. These are advanced sale items and will ship immediately after they are received in our warehouse.
Manufacturer direct items are shipped directly from the manufacturer. These items are not available for international or expedited shipping.
Customized items can be personalized with options such as your name, your favorite number, and/or designs. Some options may be limited by league rules.


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I had hoped that I would be able to find a newspaper report of the inquest into the death of Jane GEERING. Usually they provide more information than the inquest itself, and quite often they are the only record of the inquest.
I had checked several of the county newspapers for a report but had drawn a blank, so I moved down a level, and tried to locate the local paper that would cover Hailsham around that time. It wasn't clear, but it seemed likely that Eastbourne would be the place and there were two newspapers that were published around the right time, the Eastbourne Chronicle and the Eastbourne Gazette.
Eastbourne Library has copies on microfilm of both newspapers and sure enough they did cover Hailsham, and they both had reports of the inquest into Jane's death. They are both almost identical, the version below is from the Eastbourne Chronicle dated Saturday 19th September 1874.
DEATH BY DROWNING. – An inquest was held on Wednesday at the Terminus Hotel, before L. G. Fullagar, Esq., coroner, touching the death of Jane Gearing, single woman, aged about 76. – James Foster stated that he and deceased lived at Cobden-place, Hailsham. Witness last saw her alive on Monday night about half-past nine o'clock when she was going to bed. He noticed nothing particular about her. Witness did not see deceased again until he found her in the common pond dead. She was drawn to the shore by a rake being tied on the end of a pole. Deceased had got so that her landlady (Mrs. Carey) could not bear it any longer, and so asked her to look out for fresh apartments. – Mrs. Elizabeth Carey gave evidence much to the same effect. – Mr. James Pymar Billing, surgeon, stated that about half-past nine on Tuesday morning he went to the common pond and saw deceased being taken on a stretcher to a shed close by. Witness directed her to be taken to the Home, where he thoroughly examined her. She had apparently been dead about an hour. There were no external marks upon the body, but she was covered with fleas and vermin, and was in a filthy state. Witness stated that he had not the least doubt that she died from drowning. – Edwin Isaac Baker said he was a bookseller and stationer, and had known deceased all his life. Witness allowed her an annuity of £20, as her brother left him property on that condition. She was a very peculiar woman, and suffered intense pain with her head, and had very weak nerves. Witness saw her on Monday, and she seemed very comfortable. – The jury returned a verdict of "Found drowned," but there was no evidence to show how she came into the water.
There are so many details in the report that it almost demands a sentence by sentence analysis, to provide explanation, further information and it's importance to my research.


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The postcard below shows what is probably the oldest building in High Hurstwood, East Sussex.
Even when this card was published (probably 1910-20) it had already acquired the prefix "ye olde", although this might just be the publisher of the card trying to make it seem older than it was.
According to English Heritage it dates from the Fifteenth Century and it is a Grade II* listed building, in their records as Old Maypole Farmhouse. Surprisingly this is one of ten listed buildings (including the church) in High Hurstwood.


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Bonhams International Jewelry department is a highly regarded and respected force in the global market place achieving top selling results for pieces of fine and rare jewelry from estates and collections. The department sells all types of antique, period and modern jewelry specializing in diamond Art Deco items, large single diamond solitaires and famous luxury designed and signed pieces by Cartier, Tiffany, Van Cleef & Arpels and Andrew Grima as well as diamonds, rubies, sapphires, precious stones and natural pearls.
Our dynamic and well-established team of highly regarded specialists will offer you confidential and professional advice on all aspects of buying and selling at auction.


text:
Premium Rug Pad
- Overview
A bit thicker and plusher than our standard rug pad, our Premium Rug Pad provides extra padding underfoot and prevents rugs from sliding on all floor types.
- Nonskid pad prolongs the life of your rug.
- Lightweight and pliable.
- Easily trimmed with household scissors.
- Keeps rugs smooth and flat, making vacuuming easier.
- Catalog / Internet Only.
- Made in the USA.
- Dimensions & Care
- Pad 23" x 35" for rugs 2' wide x 3' long.
- Pad 29" x 107" for rugs 2.5' wide x 9' long.
- Pad 35" x 59" for rugs 3' wide x 5' long.
- Pad 47" x 71" for rugs 4' wide x 6' long.
- Pad 58" x 94" for rugs 5' wide x 8' long.
- Pad 94" x 118" for rugs 8' wide x 10' long.
- Pad 106" x 142" for rugs 9' wide x 12' long.
- Pad 118" x 166" for rugs 10' wide x 14' long.
- Thickness: .25"
- Vacuum as needed.
- Lay rubber side down on all hard surfaces, and rubber side up on wall-to-wall carpeting.
- Shipping & Return Info
Standard Delivery Information
For standard delivery of in-stock items to 48 states, UPS will deliver within approximately 5 business days.
10 x 14" Rugs will ship using our In-Home Delivery Service.
This is a general shipping item.
Shipping Information
Return Policy
At Pottery Barn, we take great pride in the quality and craftsmanship of our products. Attention to design, materials, safety and construction is our priority. We carefully inspect your order prior to shipment. Upon receipt, please inspect your purchase and notify us of any damage; we will arrange for a prompt replacement. If, within 7 days for Quick Ship upholstery and 30 days for all other products, you are dissatisfied for any reason, you may return your purchase for a refund of the merchandise value.
We cannot accept returns on monogrammed, personalized, made to order items, or on items damaged through normal wear and tear. We also cannot accept returns of final-sale items which are identified by a price which ends in .99.
For returns of items purchased from your Pottery Barn registry, we will gladly provide a refund or exchange for the merchandise within 90 days of your event or within 90 days of purchase, whichever date is later.
You may return merchandise through the mail for a refund or replacement. For detailed procedures for returning items through the mail, please contact Customer Service at 1.888.779.5176, 7 days a week, 5:00am - 9:00pm (PT).


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The most exciting news for me this week was the announcement from findmypast.co.uk that they are going to be digitizing parish records from the Archdeaconry of Canterbury.
Starting "in the coming weeks" the website will be adding the Canterbury Collection to its existing collection of parish register records. This has been timed to coincide with the temporary closure of their current home, Canterbury Cathedral Archives.
Initially the collection will consist of just browsable images, but the records will ultimately be transcribed and an index provided "later this year".
I have written several times about my difficulties in researching in Kent, so this marks a great step forward for me. The county of Kent has been under-represented online until now and although most of my interests are further west nearer the Sussex border (the Archdeaconry of Canterbury covers eastern Kent) I am sure this is going to prove a valuable asset in my research.


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In a real sense, Catie Rabun grew up in downtown Aiken.
Her grandmother, Debbie Erb, once operated a women's shoe store. Her uncle, Sam Erb, established and ran the Westside Bowery downtown for 32 years before announcing its closing earlier this week. Around the corner, Rabun's parents, Maggie and David Sacks, have operated Newberry Hall since 2001, and they live in the area too. Now Rabun and her dad have used the first letters of their names to create Caradasa, LLC. They are planning their first venture – The Mill at Park, an unusual project intended to attract to downtown new micro-businesses, entrepreneurs and small, established firms.
Rabun and Sacks currently are renovating the former Regions Bank operations center. With the approximately 19,000-square foot building, they will invite fledging companies and others seeking a new venue in a choice of spaces to meet their needs.
Key players have joined this endeavor as well. USC Aiken and the Small Business Development Center will provide their own expertise, along with student involvement and small business services.
"They would add something we could not," Rabun said. "The university could provide free business workshops and help with business plans or connections with research. We quickly realized if we could bring them to the table and provide the hardware, it would be a no-brainer."
The USCA chancellor, Dr. Sandra Jordan, and the business dean, Dr. Clifton Jones, arrived on the campus midway through 2012. They soon found similar interests in looking for ways to give the university a downtown presence.
That discussion coincided with another – the possibility of introducing an MBA program at the university. That initiative specifically would target people with baccalaureate degrees in fields other than business. When the USCA administrators learned about
Caradasa's concept in recent months, the two ideas began to merge, with master's candidates and the School of Business faculty providing assistance to The Mill tenants and the MBA students getting solid experience of their own in the process.
"This seemed to be a clear pathway for a partnership," Jordan said. "We could help small businesses through The Mill concept to expand, grow and deepen their abilities."
Again, Rabun is especially intrigued with downtown areas. She chose the University of Miami through that interest. So much in that city is based on mixed use and is walkable. Rabun had studied about such community offices there.
After returning to the area about two years ago, she shared her thoughts with a few others, but wasn't ready to jump in at first. When
Rabun saw the Regions Bank property, her interest returned. She was appointed to a Blue Ribbon Panel hosted by the Greater Aiken Chamber of Commerce to seek new strategies the Chamber could pursue. With the assistance of Chamber President David Jameson, Rabun contacted others with similar concepts.
She told me, "Maybe this is something we ought to try," said Sacks. "The opportunity came with this building for her vision of what we need in Aiken."
Rabun knew she could not provide the resources that prospective tenants would require for business-related services. Then USCA joined the conversation and so did the Small Business Development Center, located on the USCA campus.
Actually, the center's director, Laura DiSano, worked closely with Rabun before the university got involved, Clifton Jones said.
DiSano and her staff, he said, "will play an important role in this. They have been providing free volunteer consulting services for small businesses in the Aiken area for a number of years ... This is something they do every day. In this part of the process, they will reach out to small businesses to help them in a more systematic way."
As the word about The Mill has spread, Rabun said she and her father quickly heard from people who seemed excited about it. They are looking for a broad spectrum of businesses that can feed off each other.
The available space in The Mill will include 10-by-10 offices for one person and larger ones to accommodate four or five employees. Two areas will offer about 1,000 square feet for 10 to 15 people. In addition, the building also can provide virtual offices when needed for those who work at home who need an area other than a coffee shop to meet with clients, Rabun said. The tenants can share the expenses of running an office and also can collaborate with each other.
USCA's MBA proposal has been approved by the USC System's board of Trustees, Jones said. The S.C. Commission for Higher Education will make the final decision in mid-September.
"We are hopeful and optimistic that we can start the program in 2014," Jones said.
The university conducted a survey about the MBA for students in other fields. About 200 students drawn from majors across campus took part, and 50 percent expressed interest in the master's program.
"There would be opportunities for undergraduate students as well to engage in real-world projects with tenants of the building," Jones said. "We envision that some of our MBA students could transition to a business, while some would currently have small businesses who have chosen to seek out the MBA."
The whole approach, Rabun said, is to encourage the people utilizing The Mill with the idea of being together, that they can support each other. She and Sacks considered a number of possible names for the building and its business services.
"The 'mill' kept coming back to me," Rabun said. "The building was not that beautiful before, but it's beautiful right now. The more I looked, the more it looks like a mill. In my mind, it invokes a term that refers to work and progress. The mills in the area have closed down, but they were icons of success. It's a catchy name."
Senior writer Rob Novit is the Aiken Standard's education reporter and has been with the newspaper since September 2001. He is a native of Walterboro and majored in journalism at the University of Georgia.


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Graduate Legal Studies
Message from the Director
The Office of Graduate Legal Studies (GLS) is the central administrative office for the School of Law's Doctor of Juridical Science (SJD), Master of Laws (LLM) and Master of Jurisprudence (MJ) degree programs and is charged with the development and implementation of administrative policies and procedures for these programs.
Innumerable are the instances where conflicts, confusions, and controversies have been resolved or at least mitigated through an understanding of specialized areas of law and its practical applications. Loyola's Graduate Law Programs provide an opportunity for professionals and scholars to enhance career options and use the law more efficiently and effectively for the betterment of society.
Please use this website and its respective links to learn more about each degree program and the various legal concentration areas, to access new and current student information and services, to view details regarding GLS events and graduation, to read news about alumni, and to view career resources and program center and institute web pages.
Thank you for visiting.
Karen Alicia Shaw


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Another stretch of the North Downs Way was completed today, this was only a short section (6.7 miles according to the guide book) because we were limited by access to the railway and impending rain.
The good news was that it stayed dry until we were on the train on our way home, although it was a lot cooler and cloudier than last week. I could have done with a little more sunshine, otherwise it was pretty near ideal conditions. There were some bright moments, as the photo below illustrates.
The route took us along the North Downs Way from Otford to Wrotham both in the county of Kent. The walk began with a pretty steep climb almost straight out of the railway station at Otford. After that the path levelled off somewhat, and the going was quite easy.
About two miles from Wrotham the path dropped down from the hills and we followed the route of the Pilgrim's Way along the foot of the North Downs into the village. From Wrotham we had to made a short diversion south to Borough Green to catch the train from Borough Green and Wrotham railway station.
The most outstanding part of the walk were the areas of woodland that were carpeted with bluebells. I saw a few dotted about last week, but they really have opened up over the last few days.


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When the city dropped off my new single-stream recycling bin, it was kind enough to include poster showing �Acceptable Recyclables.� In addition to a list, the poster uses photos to illustrate the point, including photos of plastic bottles and containers � some with lids and some without. Yet on the back of the poster, it says �no lids.� I�m confused. What�s �acceptable?� � Terry
Just about everything in Durango is acceptable.
Except smoking cigarettes on the Animas River Trail or applying horticultural chemicals to control weeds in parks. Those are, apparently, bad.
Smoking �wellness hemp� and spending a hundred grand to spray a kelp juice-molasses cocktail on public lawns? These are, apparently, good.
No wonder why people are befuddled around here. And so it goes with lids.
Mrs. Action Line, a thoughtful and reasonable conservationist, thumb-tacked the city�s �Acceptable Recyclables� poster on the household bulletin board for handy eco-reference.
Sure enough, there they were in living color: photos of juice cartons, beverage containers and a jug of laundry detergent � all with lids on.
But on the back of the poster, there is a list of �Recycling Contaminants.� At first glance, Action Line thought it was Recycling �Commandments� because there were 10 of them.
Number 6 reads: �No Caps or Lids on Containers. Please remove all caps and lids from containers before recycling.�
OK. But if you remove the lid, are you supposed to put it in the bin or chuck it in the trash?
The city�s poster doesn�t make this clear, but its durangorecycles.com website provides the answer: �Remove plastic lids and caps and recycle them separately.�
Under the old recycling system, only No. 1 and 2 plastic would be accepted and caps and lids had to be thrown away.
Single-stream changes all that. Now the city will recycle No. 1 through 7 plastics as well as lids, despite the fact that most lids don�t feature one of those recycling numbers.
So lids are acceptable. In more ways than one.
Not only can you place a lid in city-regulated recycling bin, you can also place an order for a lid from one of the many city-regulated marijuana dispensaries.
Which shows you just how old Action Line is, given that a �lid� as a unit of measurement from the 1960s.
A �lid� is about an ounce, which also is the amount of pot one can legally possess in Colorado with the recent passage of the decriminalization measure Amendment 64.
Whether your marijuana is from a licensed facility or a bro with �connections,� chances are your lid will come in a plastic bag.
And that brings us right back to recycling. Plastic bags are not allowed in any Durango blue bin.
So let�s review. It�s acceptable to posses a lid of weed, but the plastic bag that the lid comes in is unacceptable for recycling.
It�s acceptable to purchase something like weed-treatment concentrate in a plastic bottle. And the city will accept the plastic bottle and the lid for recycling.
But the city can�t legally use the weed treatment in certain public parks; however, it�s legal to be in an organic park with a plastic bag of weed that probably was treated with chemicals.
And what will happen if the city acts on the plastic-bag ban? How will marijuana transactions take place when single-use bags are not acceptable in single-stream recycling?
It�s enough to flip one�s lid.
Email questions to firstname.lastname@example.com or mail them to Action Line, The Durango Herald, 1275 Main Ave., Durango, CO 81301. You can request anonymity if you download your recycling poster at www.durangogov.org/DocumentCenter/View/589.