text:
Great presentation. Thanks!
Spec creep happens all the time with us, but I hear that happens in about every company
Our Engineers are always trying to forsee what Marketing features will be asked for in the next update and architect our code to make these future features easier.
From Utah, Embedded Software Engineer, catching up...
Catching up
Thank you Gary
Anticipate effort to prevent issues or do after it some damage control
Yes for spec creep...
Hello from Oregon
Thank you Gary!
@Alex - sure, many times... both ways too...
@Gary - more rhetorical questions...
@Alex - h/w, s/w and currently standards focus
Great that we have access to the recorded sessions!
Missed a lecture again...
Systems Engineering Manager
I appreciate the desire to ensure a good set of presentations and
the passion but?
Stop interupting the presenters
For some reason I never seem to make it to the
lecture on time
Picking up number 4
Thanks gary
I will try to remember to remember
I worked myself of my last job.
I agree with Gary, debug features are insurance. just like car insurance , it's an overhead that may cost a lot, but sure is handy when needed.
galoping feature creep is a fresh experience. usually from a poor product spec.
yes, bit type and fuctions in the same register/byte has been a problem. is short-sighted to do this. musr always move bits through a mask.
anticipating how the end user operates our product has prevented some horrible and costly mistakes in adding or fixing features.
Thanks Gary
@Gary - Yes that is the typical demeanor of engineers and managers. But here is the lesson I learned at my first job out of college many years ago... I had to write project specifications, which were packaged for contractor fixed-price closed bidding. After selecting the lowest-bid contractor, and after the work had started, somebody in our company would want a specification modified or something new added to the effort. When I approached the contractor about it, it was always the same – "Here's how much time we'll need to extend the contract and here's your new bid for the contract modifications. Send me the contract addendum when you're ready."
Well, now it's not a contractor doing the work – it's my engineering team and me. So, it's like you said, I have to give management the same spiel as the contractors those many years ago. When I put it in those terms, suddenly it's more than just a memo from a manager telling me to add this or modify that.
My posts are not showing. I think I'll log out and back on.
@edeanda - I can't tell if you are asking about aids for following these methodologies or aids to maintain registers. So I'll answer both questions. For following these methodologies, my book has all these principles and best practices listed in them and the book includes an excel spreadsheet of the best practices so that you can track them. For maintaining registers, use a Register Design Tool that I talked about in Tuesday's lecture.
And marketing people are even more extroverted.
Because of the way the engineering culture is, it is often very difficult for engineers to say "no" to feature creep. Engineers tend to be introverts and managers tend to be more extroverts. Engineers need to tie the new feature requests to time and cost. What are they willing to give on? Push out the schedule or drop other features?
hmm cant see my post
I'm a Systems Integration Test Enginner: I've tested both new and old versions of hardware for compatibility with New Firmware and Software prior to final release for field testing. Having to please my manager and all other team members was a fine-line in the sand. The feature creep is one that is very problematic with older hardware which we would have keep the old rev in operation for specific customers until they were able to certify tand upgrade all of the systems to the latest and greatest one. I finally had to dig through all of the system firmware and software level changes in the past to find out where it got broken and then recommend to not use that version of hardware with any newer released software versions. The cutoff point was always a difficult point with the management and sales peaople who wanted to pleease the customers by keeping the older hardware in operaition.
Looks like I am late today. Thanks for the guides and talks
I'm reading through all the preventions and genius actions. Great stuff! Good ideas!
I "seeded" a few questions, but I'm told by my teenager that "We have to GO".
So I'll check back in the archival copy to see what if anything you had to say for the rest of this session.
Thanks, good info.
Thank you so much!
Thanks for the great presentation Gary and Alex
Thanks Gary and Alex. Looking forward to tomorrow.
thank you Gary and Alex,see you tomorrow
Thank you Gary for the Great presentation. I don't have any questions. I am already a believer of the points you made in this lecture for all my designs. I always make sure my hardware works before giving it to the SW engineers.
Last Hope....
I swear, it STILL sounds like "Lost Hope Radio" when the audio streaming thingie kicks in/out...
Gary I wonder what kind of aids being part of your methodologies processes or standards do you often follow as creating exel files for registeres or anything else ?
I like JTAG/Boundary scan with some expensive (custom) ICE if the going gets tough.
@GARY: Your advice on how team members can influence decision makes to INVEST in best practices. More often than not, employers are harsh on their expectations and don't want your to "waste any time" on "untangibles". Their only principle is: Just do it, and quick.
THanks Gary - excellent presentation.
Awhile back encountered a commercial video interface device which had a completely-free-form ASIC which was essentially "booted up" and configured on-the-fly as the DSP/processor/etc -- ever encounter one of these which allows a secondary "diagnostic" bootup option?? Seems obvious, but...
Thx. Gary and Alex
Thank you Gary! Good information!
Thank you.
thanks Alex, see you tomorrow
Thanks...... tomorrow
@Alex - Thank you.
hey...thanks Gary...another great presentation
@Gary - Thanks.
Will this be too late for a board under test.
Thank you for Today's lecture Gary, Alex and Digikey
@garysxt - Got it. Thsnks for the clarification.
thank you
Thanks for the session today Gary!
No Questions
thank you Gary,
What do you consider to be "generally assumed in use", "current", "everybody is using" test methods? Boundary scan, JTAG/ICE, etc??
God bless Telltale LEDs.
@Ran I meant In Circuit Programming. - Sorry
Always have enough I/O pins when planning the design.
@garysxt - Are you still using an ICE these days?
Automobile Insurance is required
Yes minimum expresion would be an LED flag Pin, RS232 or any other comm method, as Boundary Scan depending on the size of the embedded system.
I always add test points and JTAG/ICE connector in hardware from the start & don't populate in production.
Automobile Insurance is required,
Hooks are useful when phishing.
Debug hooks are invaluable to locate and diagnose issues
Test Point.
Debug code can upset timing. Been a victim of debug code !! I guess this is an exception but something to consider
Always add hooks, test points, BIT etc.. in designs
ABSOLUTELY. debug hooks become second nature if you're lucky. Signal injection points using spare ASIC pins, event tracking trigger outputs off spare ASIC pins -- invaluable.
@luizcosta - interesting phylosophy ... never thought of it like that
I always have hooks. Helps greatly!!
Yes, the debug modules need to be desinged in first. else no visibility on some boards.
Always code in debug hooks and design them into hardware
Yes, debug hooks
do diagnostic counter registers count? then yes.
I have full coverage.
Used test/debug hooks: all the time. They are priceless.
PRAISE: Most company decision makers are more concerned with the bottom line than promoting individual employee's success. They reason that the employee may ask for a raise.
insurance = safety margin = spare capacity
actually, insurance is required for cars and for homes if you have a mortgage.
Insurance... Another analogy: Triple-A for roadside assistance is LIKE insurance EXCEPT you can ALSO use it even if you don't NEED it.
It's required in CA.
Having vehicle insurance is the law in TX
Auto Insurance is required by law here
Most design changes are negative. In one case a last minute feature was added. 75% of the sales result from that last minute change.
hmmm... don't know how you would use Agile methodology ... any ideas
Many of the "tools" equate directly to "how do you organize your efforts?"
People tend to develop their own techniques, and/or be GIVEN tools in common usage in a particular work environment.
SEEING new, good "Best Practice" quality processes and techniques is worth capturing -- THAT often becomes part of the Intellectual Property of a company...
New tools: we plan to upgrade our source control system, but that's it. We could use an improved methodology for h/w-s/w group interaction, but that's more a group organization thing, than a tools issue.
I haven't attended the series - only sessions of interest. Will have to listen to archive again later as I did before.
Since feature creep is so common, I think it's par for the course, especially in new product development. Manage it carefully, but we shouldn't say no just as a matter of course.
I just try to maintain my own "best practices" rather than remember specific good and bad impacts.
Our org has been "moving toward" Agile methodolgy for years, only software side has been able to make significant progress.
@EdB_Vt: agree
"Tools Chain" and degree of formal methodology is dependent on team size. Not as critical for 1-2 folks.
I am always looking for new tools but these can introduce issues. I prefer proven tools and methodologies.
I have not found a way to eliminate spec creep (feature creep). Even after everyone agrees to lock it down.
Feature creep: Yep. Seems like there are often good things to add, that should be added. Some things - no way. Maybe more careful thought up front would capture those things. But there is always an urge to just get started and add as you go.
Feature creep: yes but not often.
Tools development and improvement is major effort with TI
Yes, Spec Creep
No audio!
@JJPEngr - so, how is the audio streaming feature for this series
On the flip side we have had to drop latent features planned for future versions.
@Alex – Feature creep... This is more the rule than the exception. Managers, sales people, marketing people, etc. love to change things after the fact. They think nothing of it. They usually wait until something in the design is done, which acts as the design's steering mechanism. To change this foundation causes a major re-design effort. But to the marketing/sales people, it means nothing but a memo. Isn't afterthought just wonderful?
@Alex -No feature creep
"scatter/gather" DMA on a flash device will totally screw up their "use least-recently-used-space next" algorithms (to prevent bit-rot from 'relatively' limited write-counts-before-failure issues).
I am using IE8. IE is only choice allowed by IT. Looks like it is blocked by iPrism. No chance to get past the block.
Many times they have tried to add features and it is not uncommon for interaction among features added themselves where additional problems arise in addition to problems related to indivdual features.
Feature creep? Regularly. Things have improved here, but controlling feature lists is always a big effort. It requires collaboaration to decide which features are both useful and implementable.
Yes, always
hey, it's just software! ( software means invitation to change it, right?)
Spec. / Feature creep a constant battle
Have dealt with feature creep whole career. We are going to Agile which at least identifies the cost in time/money of each new feature. We will see how well it works.
Yes on feature creep - usually Project Mgr pushing for more
No feature creep allowed. We have a point in a project beyond which all features are locked. Any new features after that point requires renegotiation of schedule and cost boundaries.
Unfortuantely more people have decision power than those who stay on solid grounds and focused on foundation work.
Oh Yes! Feature creep is always an issue to be resisted.
Yes, I've had to deal with feature creep, and then got criticized for not meeting the (original) schedule.
Yes in a recent project
Spec creep and requirement changes mission creep are commpn
I'm repeatedly faced with scope creep - actually from engineers more than marketing guys.
BwaHahahahahah.... "Feature Creep!" Hahahah! (Oh, my ribs hurt!)
Small company - not a significant issue as at larger companies.
always. sometimes we were able to hold those things off and add it later.
Always - every company. It is always an issue.
@JJPEngr - have been using IE8 for these 10 weeks
Yes. Feature creep. Told my boss would take too much time.
Feature creep often a problem
Feature creap - EVERY FREEKIN' DAY
Creeping elegance driven by the customer is always an issue.
dma == direct memory access; i/o <==> memory without cpu intervention
JJPEngr, if you're trying to use Internet Explorer, try using Chrome instead.
Must be addressing non-rtos systems?
Using in-memory semaphores to communicate between different processors is SIMILAR to what you're describing re multiple processors/drivers accessing the same space. Opens up HUGE problems if you don't enforce a disciplined approach...
What is DMA in Slide 10
@Gary – Concerning shared purpose registers... Yes, I have encountered. I'd rather avoid it. However, speaking only for myself, it's no big deal. For me, it's routine to use AND and OR masking anyway for accessing specific bits in registers.
@JJPEngr - I have been attending these sessions for ALL 10 weeks and have not encountered one audio issue. Could be something else in your specific environment
Don't move bits: been bitten by this many times. Software changes are less expensive than ASIC spins, but they still are non-trivial. It's cheapest (for s/w) to make no changes to the software.
Communication is Key.
I've had a register accessed by different device drivers. Not desirable...
This audio player is a useless piece of crap. Still cannot connect even after latest Flash Player installed. At least I have a copy of the slides.
Thinking of access as separate threads is always an issue. issue is Monitor style protection vs. required sequence to access. Prefer Monitor style.
Don't remember a major problem where two drivers operate on the same register.
use setup pattern to differentiates the devices
That's not a big problem to us.
Never shared registers...a NO NO
Yes: Mutexes
all the time
Have seen R/W & W/O bits in same registers.
Are you taking about digital pins that are both input and outputs?
maybe. but UART chips with different registers are a very good model.
Distructive read, R/W bits and interrupt ack bits all in the same register - what a pain!
Hi, all.
I have encountered R/W and INT bits in the same regester
Hard to predict future versions, future compatibility issues...
That kind of stuff is why they pay me the big bucks.
Don't recall interrupt bits and R/W in same register
Anticipating problems isn,t the issue for me, it is convencing Management to let you spend a few bucks up front to prevent a potential disaster later. It has happened to me too many times.
Even though some pins on PICs can be used for several different functions. I choose a function for the pin and only use it for that purposes.
@Gary-I'm not a genius
In test you try to cover all continecies but many times you never know if you put out a fire but this is in itself success.
Evil Mad Scientist :)
My HW counterpart once designed 5 different configurations for the same block used in a family of products, so 5 different versions of code I wrote (kinda).
@Gary - While I'm not a genius, I have known quite a few geniuses. At least they thought and implied they were a genius.
That way if something changes, I can change/add signals.
Real geniuses assume they aren't and make sure their designs are fixable
I have prevented problems in designs, but think it more experience in the trenches than genius.
I'm always dealing with someone else's poor design - both h/w and /sw. In fact, I dealing with a situation like that right now.
Defensive coding - anticipate "garbage in" to prevent "garbage out"
I prevent problems and conserve resources, but, like Einstein, don't consider myself a genius. :o)
I have prevented issues by providing flexible low level interface that was hardware agnostic.
I always leave extra pins unconnected on connectors to allow for changes that are not foreseen.
Hi all
part time genius...not very often
I'm a genius
Hello all
Mensa says I am
Hi everyone.
No golf , i play tennis
golf helps in the skill of worst case analysis
Volleyball is a better workout.
Disk Golf!
I mean anticipating impact at the moment of impact
@Gary - No golf for me.
I hit a small white ball across a course, but not sure you could say I can play it.
Tennis player !!
With the increasing availability (and therefore reduced cost) of DSP chips, and of GPUs, at some point seems like the "balance" kinda tips toward "Do as much as you can in software, but the hardware will 'deal' with whatever is left over"...
Golf?? No. Golf is for people who don't have a gut feel for statistics (or sales people).
I look for a white ball in the woods for hours.
Yup golf!! you bet!!!
anticipating the impact is deadly in the game of golf...you don't won't to do it
golfer, but a bad one
Tennis is a real game. Ball's in your court.
I play hockey so I'm supposed to play golf.
Hello All
I play golf, just finished 18 holes 1 hr ago.
Golfing? Nope.
depends on how you define it
Not a golfer
I attempt to golf.
Hardware Architect
Not me.
hmmm....second guessing the future is tricky business. wish I knew how to do that
hardware design
hi all,
I'm embedded systems designer. Both HW and SW.
HW/SW/Systems Design/Integration
software and hardware
Hello...I'm in.
Systems Engineer
Alex-see earlier post
R&D engeener
Job function: Firmware, software some hardware
hi every one
Alex - see first post
nuclear utility regulator, involve in reviewing D&IC platform applications. Embedded systems and how they may impact safety system is an ongoing topic at this time.
hardware/system eng. some software
I do hardware and software / firmware.
@Alex-Telecom Eng
Well see if the Boston Red Sox want to buy the Yankees, that would be funny if they pulled that off
R&D Engineer HW/SW.
Hardware & Software Design
System integration and programming
Welcome back Gary.
I guess with George passing his kids didn't want to own them anymore
software and system design
Job: firmware, plus h/w design influence
Manager, mostly HW, some SW
Hi from Western NY. HW Engineer with interest in interfacing between systems.
HW/FW Systems Design
Hardware & software.
@Alex - HW/SW/FW
Hardware, software, firmware, management
HW & SW engineer
Good afternoon Gary.
hello everyone
Howdy Alex.
Good afternoon Alex.
good afternoon everyone
Gary, I hear HP is downsizing 27K workers.
On a lighter note the Yankees are supposedly for sale. Want to go in and buy'em?
Good afternoon folks.
@GStringham - I'm sure I'll know a few from Vancouver & Corvalis plants. having gotten the boot from Agilent in '03, I feel for the challenge and stress they are/will be under.
@aykc88 - This class this week is about the interface between hw and fw, not between hw/fw and man.
Hello from sunny, windy, smoky Albuquerque.
@LevitonDave - Yes, a very mean tornado last year in Joplin. Branson was hit on Leap Day this year, not fun at all.
Hello from very sunny California
Good afternoon from sunny NH
Good afternoon all from sunny and warm Toronto
@JoeFromOzarks - my folks retired to Bentonville, AR from WI) so I know the area. Sorta sad aniversary this week (Joplin)
@LevitonDave - are you from these parts?
1st time this week that I have been able to attend, but it looks like it will be a good presentation
Will this lesson talk about new design in man-machine interface?
hello from sunny MIAMI..
Yep, I'm still here! :) Branson, MO - the heart of the hillbilly Ozarks!
@LevitonDave - The newspaper said HP was going to do the layoffs over the next couple of years. They have not released anybody yet. But I'm sure I will know a few.
Both Hardware (more uC than ASIC/FPGA) and Software
@JoeFromOzarks - you still in the Ozarks, if so where?
Good afternoon from Pittsburgh, PA
Howdy folks! :)
Hi from rainy Portlandia. To follow on flared0ne:
Firmware with sufficient hardware knowledge to do the job with architectural overtones.
Interested to see how many people Gary knows that got "released" by HP yesterday.
Cloudy and still a cool 55°F in Boise.
Good morning from overcast San Diego.
Good Afternoon from Silicon Valley, CA Sunny and 62°F.
9:25 A.M. Good Morning from Central Alaska
Good afternoon to all. Let's see -- predominantly hardware: project, proto, product; with more than enough software to make the hardware walk, talk, sing, see, hear, communicate, be testable with embedded diagnostics -- AND to (generally) be profitable. Currently seeking gainful employment AND contemplating/researching a wide range of possibly lucrative projects. Last time I checked, it's in the mid 80s outside, on its way to the mid 90s. Anyone here into "designer materials", like aerogels, graphene, etc? Anyone check out that LEAP product re input device with 0.01mm precision in 3D space? Any more recent signs of the Singularity? Pure synchronicity says the Mayan calendar just might have THAT pegged. Could be. Time for lunch, my blood sugar is obviously a bit low. See you guys shortly.
good afternoon, it's too early, righty?
Good afternoon


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The USC Aiken mens basketball team is returning from a nine-day layoff tonight, and the opponent it will face is the one it played in its last game. The Pacers (2-0) will once again face Winston-Salem State, the squad that was ranked 15th in the nation when USCA knocked it off 98-84 on Nov. 19. The biggest difference between that game and tonights contest, scheduled to tip off at 7 p.m., is the location. Tonights game will be played at the CE Gaines Center on the Winston-Salem campus. It will mark the first time this season the Pacers play away from the Convocation Center, where they have a 60-11 record in regular-season games since the 2007-08 season, when the facility opened. USCA hasnt lost at home since falling to Georgia College, 66-64, on Feb. 12, 2011, and went a perfect 14-0 at home last season.
But playing away from the friendly confines of the Convocation Center wont be the only challenge the Pacers face. Theyll be looking to restore the rhythm they established prior to the Thanksgiving Week break, and theyll be facing a team intent on avenging its lone loss to a fellow Division II opponent.
Since the 14-point setback, the Rams now ranked 23rd have won two games in a row in the Fresh Coast Classic in Milwaukee, improving their record to 3-2 on the season. In their most recent game, a 63-57 win over No. 10 Saint Leos on Saturday, reserve forward Wakefield Ellison sparked the Rams with 18 points and nine rebounds, while point guard Marcus Wells was named MVP of the two-day event where he totaled 29 points, eight rebounds, eight assists and seven steals in the pair of victories.
Wells was far less effective against USCA in the first game. He only had five points on 1-of-7 shooting from the field as well as two assists, compared to four turnovers. While the Rams had four players score in double figures in that game led by Wykevin Bazemore and Tyre Desmores 13 points apiece offense wasnt the issue in the loss.
Winston-Salem trailed most of the game because it could never slow down, much less stop USCA.
The Pacers scored 98 points, connecting on 30 of 49 field-goal attempts (61 percent).
They were even better behind the 3-point arc, where they combined to go 14-for-19, and astounding 73 percent that established a single-game school record.
Leading the way was guard Ronald Zimmerman. Best known for spurts of instant offense over the past few seasons, Zimmerman had his best game with 28 points and made seven 3-pointers. While Zimmerman enjoyed a career night, he was far from a line gun. The Pacers had four other players post double-figure point totals including Jesse Seilern (19), Kinley Branch (16), Santoine Butler (14) and Remon Nelson, who added 11 assists to his dozen points.
We watched a lot of film and saw their defensive tendencies, Nelson said after the win. We did a good job executing the game plan.
That included driving the baseline and finding openings in the corners, where the USCA players executed when they got opportunities. The Pacers will look to repeat their success tonight but should face a stauncher challenge.
I expect to have a lot more pressure on me, Zimmerman said of the rematch. It should be an intense game.
USCA head coach Vince Alexander echoed those sentiments, with a caveat.
I expect them to be fired up and ticked off, Alexander said. But I expect our team to be ready too.
While the Pacers will try and duplicate the offensive production, Alexander is optimistic his squad can play even better. The key areas for improvement will be in protecting the ball and reducing the number of turnovers to less than the 17 they committed, cutting down on personal fouls from the 24 they were whistled for and improve their production on the boards.
Its a great challenge to see where we are, Alexander said.
Noah Feit is the sports editor for the Aiken Standard and has been a professional journalist for more than a dozen years after graduating from Syracuse University.
Todays Game
What: USC Aiken mens basketball
Who: USCA (2-0) at Winston-Salem State (3-2)
Where: CE Gaines Center
When: Tonight, 7
Star watch
USCA: Ronald Zimmerman, Jr. G. Zimmerman is coming off a career-best performance against Winston-Salem, when he scored 28 points and added two assists, two rebounds and two steals.
Winston-Salem: Wakefield Ellison, Sr. F. Ellison is starter in sixth-mans clothing, averaging more that 10 points and four rebounds per game off the bench this season.


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text:
Software that will let people and robots communicate and plan difficult, complex tasks, such as dismantling a nuclear power plant, is under development at the University of Aberdeen, Scotland. It will translate symbols of mathematical logic into text and vice versa, so humans and robots can share two-way communication in their own respective language.
Human-robot communication has been the subject of a lot of research for robotic tasks as widely varied as assisting in brain surgery, to helping humans assemble products on the factory floor.
Researchers at the university's School of Natural and Computing Sciences expect their technology to be used in several industries. These include unmanned exploration of hostile environments, such as the deep sea or the Martian surface; as well as more mundane tasks, such as maintaining and repairing railway lines.
In these situations, robots could become more autonomous if they could operate for long periods without continuous guidance from humans, as well as make their own decisions after processing data. The problem is, as it stands now, robots can make mistakes that aren't apparent to humans or to themselves, or do things that humans don't understand. In an operation as dangerous and complex as decommissioning a nuclear power plant, the results could be disastrous.
"Evidence shows there may be mistrust when there are no provisions to help a human to understand why an autonomous system has decided to perform a specific task, at a particular time, and in a certain way," said Dr. Wamberto Vasconcelos, senior lecturer in the Department of Computing Science, in a press release. "What we are creating is a new generation of autonomous systems, which are able to carry out a two-way communication with humans. The ability to converse with such systems will provide us with a novel tool to quickly understand, and if necessary correct, the actions of an automated system, increasing our confidence in, and the usefulness of, such systems."
To develop the autonomous robotics systems, the project will use Natural Language Generation (NLG), which translates complex information and data into simple text summaries. The university's School of Natural and Computing Sciences staff includes several NLG researchers.
In NLG, the information and data begin as symbols of mathematical logic. (Some representative logic symbols are shown in this article's headline, in no particular order.) They are automatically transformed into simple text, so that humans and robots can discuss and plan a set of tasks before the robot carries them out.
Later, when the robot is engaged in a task, the human can communicate with it using a keyboard. Humans can ask the robot questions about why it's taking certain actions or making specific decisions, and request justifications for them. Humans can also provide the robot with additional information it can integrate into its plans, suggest alternatives, and point out problems with the robot's chosen course of action.
Vasconcelos said his team hopes the systems they are developing will be applicable not only to robots, but also to mobile phones, "which can interact with a human in useful ways, which up until now haven't been explored."
The research is funded by a £1.1 million (US$1.7 million) grant from the UK's Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, a government agency that funds research and training.
Related posts:


text:
FLAGSTAFF, Ariz. � An Arizona man serving 90 years in prison on assault and firearms charges will have that sentence significantly reduced after a federal appeals court ruled that prosecutors did not prove he was a member of a federally recognized American Indian tribe, the first step to charging him with felony offenses that occurred on reservation land.
The split decision from the 9th Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals overturns Damien Zepeda�s conviction on eight of nine charges, leaving a single count of federal conspiracy that carries a maximum sentence of five years.
Zepeda is an enrolled member of the Gila River Indian Community, but the court said in a recent ruling that prosecutors did not prove beyond a reasonable doubt that his bloodline of one-quarter Pima and one-quarter Tohono O�odham derived from a tribe recognized by the U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs.
The Tohono O�odham Nation of Arizona is on the BIA�s list of federally recognized tribes, as is the Gila River Indian Community, which is made up of Pima and Maricopa Indians. But Zepeda�s enrollment certificate didn�t specify whether Tohono O�odham referred to the Arizona tribe or the collective population in Arizona and Mexico. The court said it would not make that determination on behalf of the jury.
A two-part test determines who is Indian for purposes of federal jurisdiction for crimes on reservation land, which result in far more stiff penalties than in tribal courts for the same offenses. The first requirement is that a defendant�s blood line must derive from a federally recognized tribe.
The Arizona U.S. Attorney�s Office said it was reviewing the decision but had indicated to Zepeda�s attorney, Michele Moretti, that it would seek to have the case reviewed by a larger panel of the court, she said.
�A 2008 indictment against Zepeda charged him with conspiring with his brothers to assault his former girlfriend and two others on the Ak Chin reservation south of Phoenix. Authorities say they were armed with a handgun and a shotgun.
The appellate court has ordered that the district court resentence Zepeda on the federal conspiracy charge, which it said applies equally to everyone, everywhere within the United States.
Zepeda�s brother had testified that their father was American Indian and their mother Mexican but Moretti said her client never held himself out to be American Indian. While the government could prove that his bloodline is linked to a federally recognized tribe through witness testimony, Moretti said she doesn�t believe it can establish that he had cultural, economic or social ties to a tribe � the second part of the test.
Former federal prosecutors called the ruling bizarre and said it adds a level of complexity to already complex federal Indian law.
�It�s a little like asking a jury whether the sun rises in the morning and sets at night,� said former Arizona U.S. Attorney Paul Charlton. �There�s no debate about the fact that this individual is a Native American and subject to federal jurisdiction and trial. He won this case on a technical reading of the law and, as a result, will receive a greatly reduced sentence.�
Charlton and former Colorado U.S. Attorney Troy Eid, who are not involved in the case, said prosecutors would be prevented from retrying Zepeda because of double jeopardy.
Dissenting Judge Paul Watford said the court should have found as a matter of law that Zepeda�s bloodline does indeed stem from a federally recognized tribe and remanded the case to the district court for a new trial, not reverse his convictions.
The majority said even if the court was permitted to make that determination, �which we are not,� it still would have been compelled to largely overturn Zepeda�s conviction on grounds that the government did not prove it.
�As Zepeda�s argument indicates, this is a factual inquiry and one that was not decided by the jury in this case nor could it have been as it was never presented to the jury,� Judge Richard Paez wrote for the majority.
Carole Goldberg, a law professor at the University of California-Los Angeles, said the ruling is part of a line of federal decisions that struggle with the definition of �Indian� for federal criminal jurisdiction and make addressing the cases more difficult for prosecutors. She said there already is widespread concern in Indian Country that federal prosecutors are too reluctant to pursue reservation crimes, and federally recognized tribes will be surprised to learn that their status as sovereign nations is being questioned.
The lack of clarity �suggests a need for rethinking the entire system of Indian Country criminal justice,� said Goldberg, co-editor and co-author of Cohen�s Handbook of Federal Indian Law.


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Statystyki : 2014/15 2013/14 2012/13 2011/12 2009/10
Key figures at-a-glance:Operabase400.000 performances on file since 1996;Seasons of 900+ opera companiesThe five seasons 2005/6 to 2009/10Works from 1010 different composers were played, of whom 500 are livingA total of 2170 different works were given, including over 300 world premieresThe 2009/10 seasonOver 21100 performancesThe most operatic countries: Niemcy (7266 performances)Cities with the most opera: Wien (616 performances)
Of the top 100 most operatic cities,
After the first three (Verdi, Mozart, Puccini), who dominate the listings, there's a gap to the next three (Wagner, Rossini, Donizetti).
Good news for Benjamin Britten: at position 13, he is the highest ranked composer born in the 20th century even before the celebrations of the centenary of his birth in 2013.
There are few surprises at the top end of the list: Die Zauberflöte just beats La traviata to be the most frequently programmed opera, followed by Carmen, Bohème and Le nozze di Figaro.
Shostakovich's Lady Macbeth (#73) pips Britten's Turn of the Screw (#81) to be the most frequently programmed opera from a composer born in the 20th century.
There are two works by living composers in the top 200 most frequently programmed works: Grigory Frid's monodrama The Diary of Anne Frank (#158), and the opera Dead Man Walking from Jake Heggie (#196).
[ Note: Grigory Frid died after these statistics were compiled, on 22 September 2012]


text:
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Latest update : 2013-02-26
A fresh take on the news big and bizarre in the newspapers, on websites, blogs and social media. From Monday to Friday at 8.45 pm Paris time.
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text:
Thanks Christian
Great lecture!
thank you Christian,
no problems with FTDI chips
designed and evaluate all type of usb types
Thanks Christian; very informative session
a very enjoyable lecture
of course once that is achieved speed becomes an issue again but in general I want a very
broad number of clients which the system can be used on
I am building a system were reliable communications trumps raw speed
hi picking up day 2
Thank you Christian!
Good lecture (information overload)
@Brandon - hub may be self powered and provide up to 500mA per device... if hub is bus powered, the power available to devices will be less...
Or, am I thinking about this all wrong and combining tiers? In my case, maybe the explanation is that the hub can draw up to 500mA, which is then dispersed to the various downstream ports as needed?
I'm not sure if anyone is still montoring this chat, but if so I have a question regarding device powering. I am having trouble understanding what actually controls the amount of current being delivered on VBUS to any one device. To provide an example - I am working on a design of a device that has a 4-port hub as the direct connection to the USB host on a PC, and from that there are three devices currently connected. When all of the devices enumerate as being bus-powered, how much current is actually available from the host? Does it allow up to 500mA draw regardless of how many devices are actually downstream of the hub, or will it only provide 100mA per downstream device?
@Brandon - same here... missed the yesterday's lecture and late for today's
@caa028 I'm actually listening to this one right now, since I missed it yesterday. Then I'm going to try and listen to today's so that I'm caught up.
Great to have access to the recorded sessions!
Missed the live lecture again.
Thanks Christian; Very informative session
This may not be the right forum to ask the question, but I like to know your take on Thunderbolt vs USB3.0. Thanks!
bye for now
good day to all
good info
thank you
@IvekEngineer: Good work! Thanks for tip about letting the audio buffer fill in the BlogTalkRadio widget. I thought about trying that, then didn't, thinking it might just make things worse.
Thank you!
Thanks, looking forward to tomorrow.
Thanks Christian! Fast-paced but very informative. Good thing I can review the archive. ;-)
As a software engineer, I'm interested in understanding some of the mechanical/electrical specs, but most interested in how the software works. Looking forward to the next couple of days!
We have some problem with FTDI (as host) so I'm looking to understand it better for future projects.
the audio dtopped.
Excellent tone and pace. Thank you and see you tomorrow.
Thanks everyone and I am also looking forward to tomorrow.
Ok. Thank you very much. I look forward to the next class.
I press pause for 5 seconds so I have a buffer - then I don't have any problems.
ON USB 3.0, when the HOst and Device agrees to use 3.0, the D+ and D- are effectively unused.
When the audio messes up which is quite often, I just keep hitting the start arrow.
I was able to follow along. I imagine several people were spending valuable time trying to find the right slide to look at. I can see the slide numbers on the left side of my screen. A suggestion I have is to verbally identify each slide with its slide number and title. An example would be to say "On slide 14 titled Bus states, it talks about the keep alive signal ....".
Anyway, that was the fastest class I've ever been through, and I think you did a good job of presenting the material. Thankyou
On version 3.0 is the D+ and D- unsed for data or just the new bi-direcitonal path?
Vbus is 5V but supply voltage can fall to 4.35V at the device.
@Christian: no problem, we all make typos, although a "goad" to drive us to produce better products is a worthy "goal" to me!
Thanks, good session.
goad works.
Sorry, this is my goal!
@Chistian: Is Vbus standardized at 3.3V? What if we send out 5V?
This is my goad, if I can help one of you to design a better product, I will be happy!
Stay tuned for the transfer modes and Classes tomorrow and Thursday.
We are brand new to USB embedding and are developing a peripheral that needs to exchange data with a computer. USB 2.0 might be a good start as it appears to be less complex to implement and our data rates are relatively low.
Thanks for presenting this course as it seems to be just what we need at this moment.
I have had good luck with the FTDI chips for devices. The chip they offer for host side emulation, though, let me down. I do not recommend that.
For 5Gbps, this was the best solution. (I believe the designers).
Seminar is a wealth of information. Many thanks. -- I just have to read the lecture before you give it to keep up...
For a battery powered device with a battery completed depleted 100mA for enumeration might not be enough. Why do we have such a limit?
This is by design. You can get more but only after enumeration.
I have had good success with the FTDI interface chips. You can use either the virtual com port interface or take advantage of their DLL.
I will cover the drivers Thursday.
There are Classes that are more practical to use.
+1 @DaveWR
Thank you for the class. It is very much appreciated.
For our 8051 based design, please look at the FTDI chips.
We also need to look at what USB Class you would like to use. We will see that tomorrow and Thursday
For people wanting USB/Serial chip solutions ready to go -- lookup FTDI -- I use them.
No hardware yet; first iteration will probably be FPGA based.Probably start with USB 1.1 to keep things as simple as possible.
@Christian: I was wondering why the standards committee chose to use a completely separate set of differential pairs for USB 3.0 transmit and receive, rather than doubling up at least one of those pairs on the existing D+ and D-? That would seem to increase the contact area within the connector for each conductor and just generally simplify things mechanically and electrically. What benefits were they trying to achieve?
thanks Christen. Lots and lots of infomation to dtgest.
Thanks Jennifer and Christian
Could you discuss standard vs custom drivers used with USB engines?
Hi Christian, i'm looking at adding USB to an 8051 design running at between 16-24Mhz to replace the serial port. Is there a simple chip that can be used to add to the design that takes care of the protocol but interfaces into the 8051, i do understand that it would be a low speed solution.
Do both low/full speed use 0.8V signalling? Is 3.3V only seen during idle?
High Speed us 0.4V and Low/Full is 3.3 V Signaling.
Idle is 3.3V in Low/High and SE0 is used for HighSpeed idle
Also just learning USB at this time. More training for increased career value to improve the odds of employment (I'm an unemployed Software / Systems (Requirements) Engineer))
yes me too
The last 10 minutes my audio had been dropping out with long pauses. Always at the wrong times.
Design is ARM Cortex A8, 400-500MHZ. Primarily looking to use HS for networking (~20Mbps) and data acquisition and control.
Thanks Christian. I am most interested in tomorrow's discussion especially enumeration.
Thanks Christian and Jennifer, a great session filled with the kind of detail I look for. See all tomorrow.
By the way, I'm a hardware guy.
firefox works well
Thanks Christian, Jennifer and Joe!
Getting ready to implement USB into car electronics. Neede a jump start.
Thanks Jen and Christian
Au revoir et merci
Version 3.0 has two data paths Tx and Rx along with the D+ and D-. Is the D and D- used along with the other full duplex data path for data transfer?
Looking to use a CortexA8 with USB 2.0 for SSD application
Full speed, high speed
Thank you
I'm using low speed with a 16 Mhz micro, but am interested in using higher speeds.
Great presentation, lots of good info
Thanks Christian and DIGI-Key
This will definately make me review what microcontroller will be used.
Thank you. I look forward to tomorrow.
reload does not help
Thank you for the presentation
Thank you Christian and Jennifer.
My chip comes with 1.1 device and 2.0 host
Thanks Christian. I will listen to the archive to make sure I didn't miss anything.
Thanks, Christian!
USB 2 as fast as my PSOC can go.
good one
The audio stopped at 25:27 mins
Overload :)
Thanks Christian, and Digi-Key!
I'm proud I could help. :)
Fantastic presentation. Very information rich.
This was a really good overview. Well worth a few extra minutes.
Wow lots of information
Cherry pie and ice cream time. :)
A wealth of knowledge - thanks
Thanks, Joe!
Slide 35 (Summary)
Hello from Kansas
Slide 34 (Power and Speed configuration status)
Slide 33 (USB 3.0 Power)
Slide 32 (Powered USB)
Slide 31 (More Power)
Slide 30 (Self-Powered Devices)
Slide 29 (Hot-Pluggable)
Slide 28 (Device Powering)
Graphics on slides 23 & 24 do not showup on LibreOffice Impress.
Slide 27 (Device Powering)
500 mA
Slide 26 (Device Powering)
how strict is 5 meter limit?
Slide 25 (Device Powering)
Gonji: Also read the presentation a day ahead and do some research before the class. I do -- it helps on these bigger presentatins.
Slide 24 (USB 3.0 Serial Engine)
Today's product doesn't require high speeds, but future development might. Good to learn both - similarities and differences.
gongji, all of our classes are archived on our Digi-Key Continuing Education site, so you can go back and catch anything you may have missed.
Slide 23 (High Speed Hubs with Full and Low Speed Devices)
Amazing how different the USB 3.0 is from 2.0.
Theses USB presentation are very refreshing. I have done USB compliance tests for USB 2.0 in the past.
I am more interested in the protocol. I am hoping to get a definitive answer for when a packet is complete in all transfers; BULK, interrupt, etc
the presentation is too fast. I am lost.
Slide 22 (High Speed Resume)
Very interested what's happening with Wireless USB...
Slide 21 (High Speed Suspend)
Sensors connecting to a PC to upload data.
Device for debug, host for code updates (so far)
Oops, :)
Learning USB 3.0
No hardware at this time but some embedded concepts are being considered. Contol systems communications applications
Slide 20 (End of Packet)
Just for Info.
Use USB for embeeded to PC transfer in my projects.
Embedded USB memory modules
Host will be HS capable. Devices initially FS, could move to HS. Plan on connecting up to 32 devices.
Medical device, green pwr
Slide 19 (USB 1.1 and USB 2.0 Packets)
just learning USB at this time
And you thought RS232 was confusing.
@Christian- Design for connected multi-sensor device
Just reviewing USB for posible future need.
A compound device containing several sensors communicating to a processor in a small form factor package.
No hardware yet, but 1st iteration will no doubt be slowwww.
We're building Industrial Controls, high noise environment.
Does one device connecting at Lo Speed take the whole hub down to that speed?
getting to know embedded USB for future projects.
Slide 18 (High Speed Reset)
@JoeFromOzarks - you rock!
You are doing fine
Slide 17
Slide 16
Slide 15
Slide 14
@bitbanger55 Strange. Doesn't do that when I follow the link.
Slide 13
slide 12
Slide 12
Slide 11
Slide 10
Is there a third non-zero/non-one state?
@Lawson I went to the link below, and it offers to download an EXE before actually downloading.
Slide 9
I'm looking at a slice of cherry pie, I keep wanting to type "slice" verses "slide." :)
Slide 8
@Joe -- you get a significant pay raise with your new duties!
:) Slide 7
Thanks JoeFromOzarks!
Finally got my audio to work right
Slide 6
Slide 5
If refreshing your browser doesn't help, remember the class will be archived on the Continuing Education Center site - in case you miss anything.
on slide 4, it looks like the D+/D- line is pulled down, not pulled up.
That's helpful, but with the wonky audio, we don't always hear it.
Audio stopping here also, does not restart have to click play.
Slide 4 :)
Hi casner, I'm not sure what you mean. Christian is calling out the name of the slide as he changes. Is this helpful?
That assumes the slides are numbered like they were in that last one.
audio is not good. always stop
Jennifer, a previous course the person in your position posted which slide we were on when they changed. Can you do this?
Cheers from Massachusetts
Thanks, Jennifer
The audio bar is up!
Hello from southern california! Can't wait for the start of the session.
Hello from Washington, D.C.
Please join our Digi-Key Continuing Education Center LinkedIn Group at http://linkd.in/yoNGeY
Hello from Seattle
Checking in...
Hello from Wisconsin!
Hello from Tulsa
hello everyone from Timisoara, Romania
Howdy from Texas!
The streaming audio player will appear on this page when the show starts promptly at 2 pm EST. Note, however, that some companies block live audio streams. If when the show starts you don't hear any audio, try refreshing your browser.
Wisconsing Representing. Hello everyone
Hi from Costa Mesa, CA
If you haven't already, please be sure to download today's slide deck. You will find it under Special Educational Materials.
Online and ready
Hi Everyone from Atlanta, GA
Hi from Midland Tx
@bitbanger55 Huh? You must be doing it wrong. Or you are joking.
Hi everyone. Welcome. Our show is set to begin in 8 minutes.
hello from sunny miami.
Hi from Spokane
Filtered sunshine and 34F
Hello from Albuquerque.
Good Afternoon
@Lawson The PDF download seems to involve getting and running an EXE file. What's up with that?
Cedar Park Texas here for session 2
Hi from Oregon
hello all from chilly Edmonton, Alberta
Florida checking in...
Good afternoon, everyone
Hello All
Hello All...
@Kentj I was wondering about that myself. The CEC Overview page says they have 45 minutes, but it seems like they are always shooting for 30. Maybe they're including the Q&A session afterward...
Hi for chilly Huntsville, Al.
Howdy from Fort Worth, TX
some things say he's got 45 minutes to talk. Others 30 minutes. 45 wouldn't bother me a bit.
Hello from sunny SE Lake Simcoe, Ontario Canada. Just snow flurries occasionally today though.
35 slides -- CHristian will have to talk fast -- and even faster tomorrow.. ;-)
Its a rainy 70 degree day in Hilo HI.
Hello all from a cool 57 Richmond, TX
Hello, all from CA
Hi All From California
Hello to all
Howdy folks! :)
Hello from wheaton IL
hello everyone.
ping from CNY
Hello from Chatsworth, CA where it just might rain.
Hi, there.
Hello from Scottsdale, AZ
Sunny 59°F now with a High of 80°F
hello from Toronto area..
Good afternoon from MA. Looking forward to this week's sessions.
Hello from snowy New York.
@Lawson Perfect - Thanks! I always convert to PDF so I can make notes in the PDF during the class.
Good Morning from San Jose, CA.
It's 49°F now an d a High of 63°F.
@EdB_Vt I saved the presentation as a pdf. You can download the file here:
Good morning from Milwaukee.
Good morning from VT.
Good morning from Scottsdale
I have the following problem with Today's Slide Deck:
Using PowerPoint Viewer 2003: incorrect text size in tables on pages 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 18, & 26
Using PowerPoint Viewer 2007: on slide 23, "... encountered a problem and had to close" (crashes)
Good morning from cold Nebraska!


text:
Communications Provider
The company agreed to an initial Proof of Concept deployment of the Xerox Mobile Print and Equitrac Express Solutions. A live demo proved this to be a differentiated solution no other vendor could supply and it offered value that was high on the customer's list of must haves including easy implementation and access, no installation of apps on mobile devices and secure card swipe access on local MFPs.
For more information, call 1-800-275-9376 ext. 774 or contact us online.


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Arzu Studio Hope Pride Hand-Knotted Rug
- Overview
This one-of-a-kind, hand-knotted rug is woven of pure wool by highly skilled Afghan artisans using traditional techniques.
- Handcrafted of pure, vegetable-dyed wool by artisan rug makers.
- Knotted by hand on looms in the homes of the women artisans.
- Lusterized wool is washed in an eco-friendly process that allows for minimal environmental impact while ensuring that the rugs are properly cleaned and sanitized.
- Sheared pile is velvety to the touch.
- Self bound for quality that endures.
- Rug swatches are not available on our one-of-a-kind rugs.
- Use with our Rug Pad (sold separately).
- Imported.
- Read about the Afghan woman who crafted this rug.
- Dimensions & Care
- Overall: 4' and 11" wide x 7' long
- Shedding of loose fibers is normal and will diminish with regular vacuuming.
- To prevent dust and crumbs from settling into your rug, vacuum regularly and/or shake.
- Do not pull loose ends. Clip them with scissors to remove.
- Keep away from excessive moisture.
- Blot spills immediately with a white cloth.
- Professional rug cleaning recommended as needed.
- Harsh chemicals may damage or fade rug.
- Use rug protectors under heavy furniture.
- Shipping & Return Info
This is a general shipping item.
Shipping Information
Return Policy
At Pottery Barn, we take great pride in the quality and craftsmanship of our products. Attention to design, materials, safety and construction is our priority. We carefully inspect your order prior to shipment. Upon receipt, please inspect your purchase and notify us of any damage; we will arrange for a prompt replacement. If, within 7 days for Quick Ship upholstery and 30 days for all other products, you are dissatisfied for any reason, you may return your purchase for a refund of the merchandise value.
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For returns of items purchased from your Pottery Barn registry, we will gladly provide a refund or exchange for the merchandise within 90 days of your event or within 90 days of purchase, whichever date is later.
You may return merchandise through the mail for a refund or replacement. For detailed procedures for returning items through the mail, please contact Customer Service at 1.888.779.5176, 7 days a week, 5:00am - 9:00pm (PT).


text:
Saturday, July 13, 2013
Lemon verbena is a flowering plant with leaves that emit a powerful citruslike odor when bruised. More than 200 years ago, the perennial's appealing aroma was "one of the few scents that women of good character and standing in the community could use without being accused of being wayward," said Jon Posey, a volunteer at the Living History Park on West Spring Grove Avenue.
Lemon verbena is among the plants growing in the Park's new glasshouse, which Posey enjoys showing to visitors. Also flourishing inside the 14-foot by 16-foot structure are lilies, rose campion, yarrow and a carnivorous Venus flytrap.
"We've got a little bit of everything," Posey said. "There are four or five flats of boxwoods in here and a pineapple plant."
The glasshouse is the latest attraction at the Park, which is designed to allow visitors to see what life was like in this area from 1716 to 1785. In addition to being interesting to look at, the building serves a practical purpose.
"We have a lot of plants on the property and a garden, and the glasshouse gives us a place where we can propagate what we need without having to spend a lot of money," Posey said.
A 59-year-old retired schoolteacher, Posey designed the glasshouse, and Dennis Rabun of Geppettos Inc. in Thomson, Ga., built it. The building, which was completed in the spring, has a concrete block foundation and a roof made of automobile glass. Forty-two multipaned windows form the sides.
The windows and the glass for the roof were custom-made. Augusta Concrete Block donated the material for the foundation.
"A greenhouse was called a glasshouse in the 18th century," Posey said. "Technically, there are only two 18th-century glasshouses still in existence in this country, and they're not exactly like this one. This one leans toward being a little more modern in its design. But we figured when we plant some climbing rose bushes, they will grow and cover up the obviously modern parts."
Posey, a colonial re-enactor, plays the proprietor of the Park's mercantile shop. He also was involved in the Park's founding in the 1990s.
"Anyone whose grandmother or great-grandmother's garden is still in existence and would like to donate some seedlings or cuttings from their older plants, should let us know," Posey said.
The Park is scheduled to add an 18th century-style gristmill to its site in the near future.
"We have a millwright, Ben Hassett, who is coming here from Virginia in mid-July," said Park Chairman Lynn Thompson. "He is going to lay it out, tell us exactly where it is going and how it is going to work. He will design and build everything in his shop and bring it down here from Virginia. We will be responsible for putting down the foundation."
It will cost approximately $45,000 to build the gristmill, according to Thompson, who also is the president of the Olde Towne Preservation Association, which created the Park. A grant will provide $20,000 of that amount, and the Park recently received a $5,000 gift for the construction project.
"We probably won't begin building the gristmill until January 2014 because we've got so many weddings and other events scheduled," Thompson said.
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EFL Cup: Newcastle hit Preston for 6 in front of 49,000
An astonishing 49,000 people turned up to watch Rafa Benitez's Newcastle rout Preston 6-0 in the EFL Cup More »theguardian - 9 hours ago
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Eric Bailly has confirmed that he looks set to be out for two months after picking up a knee injury against Chelsea. More »Omnisport - 13 hours ago
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Watford could face punishment from the EFL after a probe was opened into an allegedly forged bank letter. More »Omnisport - 20 hours ago
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A man has died after a dog jumped into a vehicle, pushed the accelerator and struck him as he opened a gate outside a Florida panhandle home, authorities said.
The Florida Highway Patrol said Iris Fortner, 56, and James Campbell, 68, were returning to their Cantonment home Monday when Campbell got out of the passenger side of the vehicle to open the metal gates.
The Pensacola News Journal reported Fortner opened the driver's door to see where Campbell was standing. That's when Fortner's large boxer bull dog jumped into the car and pressed the accelerator.
FHP said Fortner tried to stop before the vehicle backed into Campbell. He was trapped under the van and pronounced dead by Escambia County paramedics.
Fortner has not been charged.


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Hey guys as i stated in a post before I'm new here but have been checking this website out since I can remember I was reading that the rockets are shopping Donatas Motiejunas I really wouldn't mind him I've seem him play he's a big body and score and rebound the ball pretty good tell me what you guys think
Would love to have this guy on our team and he could be a great fit developing with Reggie on our bench unit. Morey has been a huge overpriced dealer so I doubt we have anything he wants. Would give up a couple of second rounders to get him.
Yea I know He's such the perfect back up big we need I would I've up will mullens and second rounders
I don't know much about this guy, but he's young, big, and has potential. It's worth a shot.
i think he is filled with potential. he plays a lot like mullens right now, but he can really run the floor and has some post moves; he just needs to get stronger. would be great if we don't land bynum, especially for a second rounder.
Yup and he can actually play some defense unlike useless ass mullens it can get better but it's still solid he so has Potential
Meh...we can get the same production from some released big for less $. Sorta the same 7 footer we have now on the bench...bad shooter and rebounder. Next.


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Yuen Yung swam with the sharks � the investment sharks on ABC�s �Shark Tank,� that is � and came out on top.
Yung, husband of 1997 Durango High School graduate Yvette LeVrier-Yung, and his brother, Peter, appeared on the show Feb. 15 and received a $1 million funding offer from �shark� investor Kevin O�Leary in exchange for 20 percent equity in their company.
The brothers requested investment capital to expand their Austin, Texas-based restaurant How Do You Roll?. The sushi restaurant was founded in 2008 in Austin and has since opened locations in California, Arizona, Texas and Florida.
Shark Tank brings five investors, or sharks, who hear pitches for new businesses and products from entrepreneurs and make offers if they think it�s a viable idea.
The duo is still in �due diligence� negotiations with O�Leary, Yvette LeVrier-Yung said.
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Interesting class
catching up
Good slides and great lecture. Thank you Warren.
Thanks Warren.
Have used ADCs in sensor designs (human vital signs).
Have used RTC and comms interrupts as wake-up triggers.
have used ammeter to measure current, but as stated, accuracy can suffer.
I am a software engineer, my primary focus is embedded software development. I have spent the last 23 years working in the medical device industry.
Downloading slide deck...
Hello from Beaverton, Oregon.
hello all from edmonton, Alberta.
still getting caught up.
now, i am in the last page of the lecture of sir warren, once again, thanks to sir warren for a GREAT and EXCELLENT presentation...much appreciated all...
now, preparing for the day 4 lecture of sir warren to finish them all in today's off day of mine...
thanks to DIGIKEY and DESIGN NEWS....bye all...
i think i need to go through with the electronics engineering course to apply them all as well as to go through with the electronics company...but, i have learned those lecture, great...
now, i am on slide 17 of the lecture...
i am now on slide 15 of the presentation...GREAT LECTURE sir warren, much appreciated!
i am now on slide 9...
i am now on slide 4 of the lecture...
i am now about to download the lecture slides for reference and for future reference as well...thanks again...
good afternoon once again sir warren, here i am again to continue your lecture...
thank you for a continuing interesting class
EE since 1970
still catching up
Good presentation! First two classes laid the foundation for this class. Good mix of marketing and technical (and pedagogical) approaches.
Just catching up
There was a question from Class 3 slide 19 on Serial Ports in Low Power Designs. One of the bullets is -
- Transmission/Reception
- Data length
- Phase, MSB, Polarity
These are just common characteristcis of serial ports and don't have any appreciable effect on power dissipation.
The key low power point of this slide is really the table that shows the Total Charge needed to transfer data by UART, I2C and SPI. Typically the faster you can send data the lower the overall power (total charge) will be. Backwards from what you might expect!
Thank you Warren!
Great to have access to the recorded sessions!
Better late than never...
Taking the offline class...
thanks for another useful lecture
use a/D for sensor readings
Picking up day three
Your audio bar doesn't play the video when you click the play button.
I use ADC for taking sensor values like LDR, Gas Sensor, Temp. Sensor etc
I generally use timer interrupt.
Hi everyone, good morning!
thank you Warren,
Thanks Warren; catching up
Really great lecture. Very helpful tips. I tend to use A/Ds for checking supply voltages in my designs.
Use A toD converters for sensors
Using A/D coverters for reading various sensors.
catching up -- missed yesterday
It does.
no, I do not see it
Maybe (true) P=I x E
so you may substitute a E over R for an I or some such,
but... P ? does not equal E or V * C * dV/dT
I or current still looks good as coulombs while voltage
has none. No power, no coulombs or volume of electrons.
I,m done, gotta get tomorrows notes studied up. OK
Yes. As I said P = V * I and since I = C dV/dt then P = V * ( C dv / dt ) = V^2 * f * C
P does not equal V, or E times C dV/dT
it is I = C times dV/dT as on slide 9 sir
Actually, as BruceMcLaren points out, we are not talking about Ohm's Law here, where the voltage is applied to a fixed impedance (R or Z). We are talking about I=CdV/dt, the charging of capacitances. So P = VI and P = V * C * dV / dt where the dV would equal V, since the internal logic swing for the MCU will be rail to rail. and 1/dt is the frequency. So now you have P = V * C * V * f or P = V^2 * f * C
Also, it would have to be the reciprocal of F times C to be true would it not?
RE: JayPaxman
correct on the E squared over R
No go on slide 8 V squared times F times C
Rod. R.
rruther2: Keep in mind the formula on slide 8 (P=V^2*f*C) is particular to dynamic power, the power CMOS gates consume by charging and discharging internal capacitances. It brings out the effects of transistor scaling very effectively.
Sorry rruther2
P = V^2 / R and P = I^2 x R Same, since V = IR
If it,s power that we are conserving,
current is the major factor not voltage.
My point,
Voltage potentiates energy, it does not imply power as current does.
I almost got a part time job lecturing High School and first year
AC/DC physics, one of my first college coursrs in the early 70s.
Rodney B. Rutherford
Yo Warren and DN crew
slide 8, I disagree,
My formula P aprox = I squared R or Z or 1 over 2 pi F times C
NOT Voltage!!!
as current implies power, a source, a load and a complete circuit
or power is a function current, power is an exponential function of current.
CU all tomorrow!
@JayPaxman- Good details. Thanx!
Thanks for the presentation. More tomorrow.
Sure -- hopefully your cap leakage is small (if not, get a better cap). A 100nA leakage on a 1 uF will drop 0.1 volt in 1 second. Of course if the load you are going to be measuring is much larger you will need a larger cap or the voltage will drop too much to keep the MCU functioning.
Thanks Warren. Really great examples and I especially liked your comments of things to watch out for.
Good chat, Thank you Warren for lecture to! See you tomorrow
Yes, sometimes higher value external pull ups can save power. Also some I2C chips require pretty low value pull ups like 2.2K.
Any other questions I can answer?
Thanx to everyone for attending todays class. Hope to 'see' you all tomorrow.
Anatolly1086- It is important to check the internal value. I have seen some recent MCUs with much better pull-up characteristics. I think I saw this on a recent PIC MCU, but I'm not positive.
@WarrenM I believe that a typical internal pullup value is from 1k to 4.7k that is very weak pullup considering temperature variations and some other factors in design to avoid leaks.
@JayPaxman- Good point on the meter leakage. Would it be better to apply the meter after some time instead of keeping it connected?
Keeping your meter on the cap is going to take 100 nA per volt just to your meter (assuming a 10M input)
@nschneck- I have seen these but have not used one. It seems like a great approach as long as it can be accuate enough for your MCU. If you need to measure very low currents (nA range) I would make sure the current measuring device is accurate enough.
@WarrenM I think I asked this earlier, but have you used external current monitoring ICs that communicate via SPI or I2C to the MCU and measure current on a common voltage bus? We are considering using one in a design.
@Anatolly1086- Most Low Power MCUs have very low power pull-ups available internally. I prefer these unless I need a specific value then I guess you need an external resistor.
Q: For floating I/O pins what does a preference for internal or external pull ups?
@DonH- Good point on the capacitor leakage rate. One tehcnique is to let the cap just sit, unconnected to anything except your meter. This will measure all the leakage and you can adjust you MCU current measurement to account for the leakage. measure the volatge
Thanks a bushel Lauren & Warren
@BruceMaclauren- Good idea on using the shunt resistor in the ground path. That does take some planning but is probably well worth the effort.
@Warren OK. After thinking about it you could determine the capacitor value by timing the charge rate with a precision voltage and resistor.
excellent, now all I have to do is watch it again
thanks all yall...
@GarySxt- I don't have a specific recommendation, but this technique was given in the MicroChip app note I include in the reference section. It might call out specifics on what Cap to use.
Thanks Waren et.tal.
Great presentation, Thanks alot
thanks warren
Thanks Warren... from cape town
Thank you Warren and Lauren
Why is the sound up and mine starts later?
No window yet, for a minute or two late to ...
Very good! Thank you!
ADC for external sensor info
Thanks for the presentation - it was very informative for me.
thanks Warren
Thanks Lauren
Thanks Warren and Lauren.
Thanks Warren
Thank You Warren and Lauren!
hello everyone
Thanks for the lecture!
thankx Warren
Very good presentation Warren, best yet in this series. Thks Lauren.
Thank you
I use ADCs for audio signal digitizing and storing
Have used ADC but usually try to to level sensing such as comparitor.
Yes, ADC to monitor signals
voltage variations control by ADC
Virtually always use ADCs; battery voltage, temp, humidity, MEMS accels, light.
multilex slow rate multibit data into one ADC input using r2r DAC
Typically use ADCs for accelerometer and temperature sensors
ADC for measuring analog input like temperature, pressure ETC
Use ADC for voltage measurement
Use A/D for sensing, battery monitoring, with a pot for user control, etc.
Yes, Thermistor measurements
uses for ADC for sampling thermistors, current shunts & potentiometers.
A2D: monitoring, diagnostic, measurements
Yes, we use ADCs for measurements from analog sensors
Yes, control monitoring
timer interrupt
external interrupts
low power WDT and external high/low inputs
interupt from sensors such as photo or thermal.
Also timers or squarewave inputs.
WDT, light, temperature, vibration, ext input, RSSI comparator logic output, others.
Wakeup sources typically timer or external interrupt
External interrupts touch control, ADC
WDT, CAN interrupt, (pushbutton) I/O interrupt
Interrupt source is change of state (high to low or low to high)
My low power designs so far have used wake up on the watch dog timer and interrupt from external pin change.
Interrupt from sensor such as an accelerometer
Timer interrupt
Mostly sensors. Accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer, temp sensors, etc
Have used low-power timer for periodic wakeup. Also wake-on-change input.
Most commonly use wake on interrupt from ADC
Interrupts for ADC, timers
WDT or external interrupts
Ring indicate from modem
Typically timer interrupt (WDT or RTC update Timer)
Typical interrupt is a timer.
For ADC, you need to add settling time for the sampling capacitor. Depending on your circuit, this could be as long as the sampling time.
best to have test poinis built into circuit card design for current measurement...I hate shunt resistors.
Yes Shunt resistor
Hardware Architect
Could also increase the resistance values.
I've used an ammeter and a GPIO to track when the controller is in sleep.
I've used amnmeter, of course. Also used shunt resistor with a scope measuring across it to get an idea of dynamic current. Better results when the shunt resitor can be in the ground path, but that isn't always reasonable.
I have used resistor/scope. I like the capacitor idea but question accuracy. You would need a precise high value capacitor with very low leakage. Warren: Can you recommend a specific cap?
We've also used the battery gas gauge to estimate current usage...
This helps reduce the voltage drop and power used by a typical ammeter.
Measuring current with a shunt does not work well since the voltages are so low. The capacitor is good, but you need to measure the internal leakage discharge rate of the capacitor to ensure that is not significant.
For µA, I use a meter.
Technical Supervisor, machine controls & interfacing
Just ammeter current measurment
have not measured P.
Yes, used these plus data acquisition to measure device current over longer times.
Shunt resistor is very handy technique
Used LabVIEW and a DAQ
has anyone used I2C or SPI current measurement ICs?
used shunt resistor for measuring current
We've just used an ammeter to measure current on our project so far - in the range of several hundred microamps. But your capacitor idea is pretty clever and we might try it...
I used ammeter technique
Capacitor technique is good when the uC has spikey currents.
academic embedded design
HW/SW R&D Engineer
Problem with audio? Click play and then pause immediately for a few seconds. Click play again. You'll be a few seconds behind but it won't stop on you.
LP RF device designer
i wish the audio would start automatically. i have to click to play. then click againg to play the webinar
Mechanical Engineer, recently converted to Hardware Engineer, 4 years
Primary discpline: Software, embedded firmware and hw. 30+ years
Same problems as yesterday. Only about a second of audio and then it dies.
ECE design engineer
HW R&D medical devices
Hardware Engineer
Audio is up!
Here we go, audio is up!!
sound up
Ready to go
Hi All from rainy Boston!
Great info, Great Webinars so far
Good Afternoon from Snowy Bedford, MA
Good morning from Santa Cruz California!
Hi from upstate NY
Links all seem to work today. They might require you to cut and paste into browser however. Next course I will make sure to include clickable links.
hello all
Howdy folks!!! :)
Good Morning from San Jose, CA
good morning from SLC UT, it has warmed upto 21F
Please join our Digi-Key Continuing Education Center LinkedIn Group at http://linkd.in/yoNGeY
Still no snow in Chicago
afternoon all
Hello from the still wet and cool south. So beginning in the morning about 2am.
Hello from wheaton IL
Hi All From CA.
Hello and good morning from Oregon
Howdy from sunny North Texas!
Hello from MI
Hello from YVR
The streaming audio player will appear on this web page when the show starts at 2pm eastern today. Note however that some companies block live audio streams. If when the show starts you don't hear any audio, try refreshing your browser.
32 degF in Minneapolis today!
Back in again from Chicago!
hello from CA
By the way, yesterday and today I've had trouble logging in. I click on the link and it gives me an error message. Today it only took one page reload before it came up, but yesterday it was 3 or 4.
Good morning from the great white north
Be sure to click 'Today's Slide Deck' under Special Educational Materials above right to download the PowerPoint for today's session.
hello from michigan
good morning!
Hello to all
Good morning from SoCAL
Good morning from Scottsdale
Good Morning from rainy northeast Tennessee
Good morning everyone
Guten Morgan.
Checking out the slide deck for today ... stuff on the energy cost of power management looks good.
Good Morning from Mobile, AL


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http://www.cbssports.com/nba/blog/eye-o ... -weeks-ago
"I was actually abducted by aliens two weeks ago," Davis said.
When probed for details, he explained he was driving from Las Vegas to Los Angeles in the early morning recently and this is what happened:
"I see this light and it's a big a-truck. And I said, oh f---- this is going to be traffic," Davis said. :Driving, driving and the next thing you know there's a steel thing and these crazy looking people half human, half ugly-looking mother f-----s.
"They were poking me on the nose, looking at my eyes, they had my hands tied and the next thing you know I was in Montabello dude, burning rubber on the way back to L.A. at 4 o'clock in the morning."
Maybe he needs to play in China to get his **** together like Marbury did.
I think what he meant was Sam Cassell was driving with him.
lol that article is pretty crazy but he just tweeted that the alien thing was a joke.
Probably day dreaming after eating at the Vegas buffet
i believe in ghosts. i even had an experience at the queen mary. i don't believe in ufo/aliens. davis needs to stop with the weed. lol.
I'm guessing Baron was very hungry and started to hallucinate?
He should seriously be in that Snickers commercial 'You're not you when you're hungry'
Haha probably! Can't trust that shellfish that's been out all day boom fizzle!
That's what will happen if nobody will offer you a job
This just made my night hahaha.. Baron should retire
If that's the case, then I got a few friends that need to get abducted too...
Warn them that martian is coming for them
Lol this is about as nuts as all the CALL A THAI GIRL ads I keep seeing under peoples posts on this forum. WTF is up with that? Also it wants me to go to google all the time. I don't even know or like Thai women wtf?
^ love it Heli!!
Why does he have in n out in the pic?? Lol
in the podcast he mentions in-n-out...i forgot what he said, but i remember him mentioning it.
Great reporting: "When probed..." The rest of that second sentence wasn't what I expected.


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General Motors rolled out the battery-powered Spark EV on Wednesday, marking the first time it has introduced an all-electric car since it scrapped the infamous EV1 a decade ago.
The $25,000 mini-car-sized Spark EV will be targeted at US and Asian buyers and is expected to help GM meet California's Zero-Emission Vehicle (ZEV) mandate. It also reinforces a commitment to plug-in cars that GM has repeated over the last several years.
"We're taking what we've learned in the EV1 and the Volt and using it in the Spark," GM spokeswoman Annalisa Bluhm told Design News prior to the rollout at the Los Angeles Auto Show. Bluhm added that 40 percent of the components in the Spark's motor are used in the Volt motor and much of the Spark's battery technology builds on lessons learned from the EV1 and Volt.
Click on the image below to check out the Spark.
The new five-door electric car will employ a 20-kWh lithium-ion battery from A123 Systems Inc. that will give the Spark "one of the best EV battery ranges in its segment," GM said. With its 130-hp permanent magnet motor, it will go from zero-to-60-mph in eight seconds and will be the first vehicle to employ the new DC fast-charging standard from the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), which will enable it to reach an 80 percent battery charge in 20 minutes at public charging stations. Using a dedicated 240V home outlet, it will charge in seven hours.
Inside, the vehicle will employ two high-resolution, seven-inch, color LCD screens; a MyLink radio for infotainment; and apps for navigation and global Internet radio.
The vehicle's 20-kWh battery is slightly larger than the Chevy Volt's 16-kWh battery and smaller than the Nissan Leaf's 24-kWh version. GM did not reveal the car's all-electric range, saying that it is awaiting EPA estimates.
The use of the A123 nanophosphate battery came as a surprise to some, given the fact that A123 filed for bankruptcy in October. GM had said in 2011, however, that it planned to employ an A123 lithium-ion battery. "The bankruptcy proceedings have no effect on the development of the battery," Bluhm told us.
Since announcing the Chevy Spark in late 2011, GM has said the vehicle will be partially targeted toward buyers in Asia, where smaller vehicles are more accepted. "When you get into the mega-cities and the shorter driving commutes that they have in those regions, the Spark EV might be a better fit than a vehicle like the Volt," a GM spokesman told Design News in 2011.
Industry analysts believe GM's introduction of the Spark EV is also an effort to comply with California's looming ZEV mandate. "There's an argument that they're selling them in markets outside California, so it's supposedly not just a compliance issue," Kevin See, an analyst for Lux Research, told Design News. "But the ZEV mandate really is the primary reason for rolling it out. Obviously, that's why it's coming out in California first."
The rollout comes at a time when battery-electric vehicles are still struggling. A study by J.D. Power released in November contended that American consumers still have little interest in EVs, and will continue to be uninterested for some time to come. Nissan sold just 6,791 Leafs through October, according to caranddriver.com.
See believes that the low sales figures will continue with the Spark. "My response is a shrug of the shoulders," See told us. "They're not going to sell a ton of Spark EVs."
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Consider adding bike paths
In response to a recent letter to the editor regarding the widening of Hitchcock Parkway, I strongly agree that it is unnecessary and definitely a waste of taxpayers' money to pursue the project. I would, however, like to address the comment in the letter that states that the bike path on Pine Log Road is never used.
I am a biker and I use the Pine Log bike path often along with other bikers and joggers. This bike path is designed very well for safety for the bikers and allows good clearance for both the bikers and drivers along this road. In contrast, we have had a number of bike fatalities and accidents because of unprotected roads and highways for the bikers in Aiken County.
If we are forced to accept the widening of Hitchcock Parkway I propose having the bike path installed the entire length of the road for the safety of both riders and the drivers. I also feel that the bike path would enhance Aiken tourism and give bike riders a chance to safely enjoy Hitchcock Woods.
Joseph E. Lofgren


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STEVE LEWIS/Durango Herald
STEVE LEWIS/Durango Herald
Lack of snowfall in November worried some ski-oriented retailers and resort operators, but the timely dumps in December finally brought out the shoppers and skiers.
�You can still ski and have a good time up there,� said Kenny Malara, retail sales manager at Ski Barn. �Everyone�s been coming back (from skiing) with a big smile on their faces.�
Still, the lack of snow in November did affect ski rentals and purchases.
�Our December was better this year than last, Malara said. �November was not as good� as the previous year. �There was a concentration of customers in December,� he said.
Mark Hoffman, manager of the recently opened Sports Authority store in the Durango Mall, said, �it doesn�t feel like it (the season) started. The early lack of snow is a big factor.�
Normally, the big chain sees the ski-selling season start as early as October or November, Hoffman said. It didn�t start until December this year.
Unlike some Sports Authority locations, the Durango store rents ski equipment, Hoffman said. It was the rentals that were most affected by holiday traffic, he said, noting that the strongest periods were the week before and week after Christmas.
However, customers buying holiday gifts were not affected by the snow issue as much, Hoffman said.
The competition comes from �base-of-the-mountain� rentals. The question is how to get the people staying at Purgatory at Durango Mountain Resort and other areas to come off the mountain to rent.
Hoffman�s advantage is, because he just opened the store, all of the rental equipment is new. Other places would have used or a combination of new and used equipment.
Malara of Ski Barn noted that the lack of snow in some areas means �our skis are taking a beating� on the slopes. He noted that many of his customers are locals who are taking advantage of Chapman Hill.
Hesperus and Purgatory at Durango Mountain Resort are farther away and more expensive than Chapman, Malara said. Chapman has been making snow, weather permitting.
However, now that Hesperus has opened for night skiing, additional Ski Barn customers will head that way, Malara said.
However, the lack of snow is likely to continue. The first chance of snow is Friday, with a little more the following Monday. But neither of these storms are considered significant, according to The Weather Channel.
In fact, snowpack remains below average despite the December storms, according to the Natural Resources Conservation Service.
The federal agency reported that the San Miguel, Dolores, Animas and San Juan watersheds are at about 70 percent of average snowpack, and 84 percent of last year�s levels.
Worse yet are indications that the drought may continue. Reservoirs are currently at 66 percent of average and 62 percent of last year�s levels, Natural Resources Conservation Service said in a news release.
Across the state, �mountain precipitation was 122 percent of average for December, but because of extraordinarily dry conditions in October and November statewide, total water year-to-date precipitation remains below average,� NRCS said in its release.
�Hopefully, the rest of the season� will be strong.