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ONGC Petro additions Limited SEZ, Dahej, Gujarat, India
Dual Feed Cracker Unit & Associated Units
EIL JOB NO. 6987 Page: 1 of 29
04 03 02 01
09.09.2009 10.07.2009 10.04.2009 23.03.2009
IFC (COMMENTS INCORPORATED) For Construction For Review For Review
Reason for Issue / Remark
S.Yoo S.Yoo S.Yoo S.Yoo
C.S.Park C.S.Park C.S.Park C.S.Park
H.O.Lee H.O.Lee H.O.Lee H.O.Lee
Linde Proj. No.: Linde Project Code :
Samsung Proj. No.: Samsung Project Code :
Contract No / PO No.: Item No.:
SC 2252 OPaL DFCU & AU
Contractor Doc. No.:
Company Doc. No.:
Dahej Petrochemicals Complex 6987-LEPC1-SE-00-PP-SD 1001
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As per client technical clarification meeting
As per Linde Specification and for detail design
As per client comments
* Notes: This page records all revisions on the specification.
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1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13
GENERAL ........................................................................................................................... 5 Purpose ............................................................................................................................... 5 Scope .................................................................................................................................. 5 Codes and Standards.......................................................................................................... 5 Units .................................................................................................................................. 5 Symbols and Abbreviations ................................................................................................. 5 Reference Specification ...................................................................................................... 5 DESIGN............................................................................................................................... 6 General................................................................................................................................ 6 Design Pressure and Temperature ..................................................................................... 6 Materials.............................................................................................................................. 6 Corrosion Allowance ........................................................................................................... 6 Piping General Arrangement ............................................................................................... 6 Accessibility......................................................................................................................... 7 Access................................................................................................................................. 8 DESIGN DETAILS............................................................................................................. 14 Line and Connection Sizes................................................................................................ 14 Material Specification Changes......................................................................................... 14 Bends, Miters and Elbows ................................................................................................. 14 Reducers ........................................................................................................................... 14 Branch Connections .......................................................................................................... 15 Flanges.............................................................................................................................. 15 Couplings .......................................................................................................................... 15 Valves................................................................................................................................ 15 End Closures..................................................................................................................... 16 Blanks and Spacer ............................................................................................................ 16 Strainers ............................................................................................................................ 16 By-Passes ......................................................................................................................... 16 Vents and Drains............................................................................................................... 17
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4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10 5.11 5.12
GENERAL INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS ................................................................. 17 Provisions for Expansion and Flexibility ............................................................................ 17 Supports and Hangers ...................................................................................................... 18 Pipe Connections .............................................................................................................. 18 Valve Installations ............................................................................................................. 18 Pump Piping ...................................................................................................................... 19 Rack Piping ....................................................................................................................... 20 Tank and Vessel Piping..................................................................................................... 20 Exchanger Piping .............................................................................................................. 21 Compressor Piping............................................................................................................ 21 Furnance and Fired Heater Piping .................................................................................... 21 REQUIREMENTS for INDIVIDUAL PIPING SYSTEM ...................................................... 23 Process Piping Systems.................................................................................................... 23 Steam Piping Systems ...................................................................................................... 24 Water and Air Systems...................................................................................................... 26 Fire Protection Systems .................................................................................................... 26 Utility Services ................................................................................................................... 26 Safety Shower and Eye Wash........................................................................................... 27 Drainage and Sewage Systems ........................................................................................ 27 Underground Piping .......................................................................................................... 27 Hydraulic Bolt Tensioning.................................................................................................. 29 Piping Tie Ins..................................................................................................................... 29 Drawing and Procedures ................................................................................................... 29 Mandatory Spares ............................................................................................................. 29
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1 1.1
GENERAL Purpose
This specification covers general and detailed design requirements pertaining to the process and utility piping systems which shall be included in the OPaL DFCU and AU.
This specification applies to all piping shown on the Piping and Instrument Diagram (hereinafter referred to as P & ID) except auxiliary piping or piping systems which are part of packages. Instrument piping shall be covered by this specification up to the first block valve.
Codes and Standards
The design, fabrication, inspection and tests of piping systems and components shall be accomplished in accordance with the applicable codes and standards. ASME B31.3 : Process Piping ASME B31.1 : Power Piping IBR (Indian Boiler Regulation) OISD-118 : Layout for Oil and Gas Installations
Unless otherwise specified, the international system of units (SI) shall be applied for drawings and documents to be submitted. However, nominal sizes of piping and piping components shall be in imperial system.
Symbols and Abbreviations
Symbols and abbreviations which are used in the P & ID, Engineering Specifications, Piping Arrangement Drawings, Pipe Hanging Details, etc. shall be as defined in the drawings and documents.
Reference and Specifications
References to be used in conjunction with this specification are: (1) 6987-LEPC1-SE-00-PP-SD 1002 : Piping Material (2) 6987-LEPC1-SE-00-PP-SD 1003 : Marking for Piping Material (3) 6987-LEPC1-SE-00-PP-SD 1004 : Insulation (4) 6987-LEPC1-SE-00-PP-SD 1005 : Painting &Coating Design and Work (5) 6987-LEPC1-SE-00-PP-SD 1007 : Steam Tracing
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(6) 6987-LEPC1-SE-00-PP-SD 1008 : Coating and Wrapping of Underground Steel Pipe (7) 6987-LEPC1-SE-00-PP-SD 1009 : Standard and Special Pipe Support Details (8) 6987-LEPC1-SE-00-PP-SD 1010 : Piping Flexibility Analysis (9) 6987-LEPC1-SE-00-PP-SD 1011 : Fire Fighting (10) 6987-LEPC1-AA-00-PS-PC 1022 : Safe Location Concept (DFCU&PGHU)
2 2.1
DESIGN General
The design of piping systems and components shall be generally in accordance with the requirement of this specification, ASME B 31.3 "Process Piping", IBR and ASME B 31.1 "Power Piping" unless otherwise specified. The plant shall be designed for design life requirement of 25 years.
Design Pressure and Temperature
The design pressure and temperature shall be determined in consideration of start-up conditions and other requirements for safety as well as normal operating conditions. The design pressures and temperatures shall be as indicated in the Line List (6987-LEPC1-SE00-PP-LL 1001).
Ferrous, non-ferrous and non-metallic materials for individual piping system shall conform to the requirements of ASTM
Alternative materials of other generally recognized standard specifications may be proposed for Owner's written approval.
Environmental pollution, disruption and sanitation shall be considered in selection piping materials.
Corrosion Allowance
Required corrosion allowances are provided in the piping material specification (6987LEPC1-SE-00-PP-SD 1002) and minimum corrosion allowance shall be in accordance with the Process Design Basis Memorandum.
Piping General Arrangement
Piping shall be routed for the shortest possible run with the minimum number of fittings consistent with provision for expansion and flexibility. Assembly, removal and support of piping and equipment shall be taken into consideration.
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All lines inside battery limits, except drain sewer lines and other special-use lines, shall be run side by side on overhead pipe supports.
2.5.3 2.5.4
The main lines of fire water and sewer lines shall be generally laid underground. Bottoms of hot and cold insulated lines, which are run on overhead supports, shall be generally supported on steel shoes and cradles respectively. Pipes which rest directly onto support steel and have operating temperatures of 150℃ and less shall be provided with a wear pad to prevent corrosion problems.
Insulated lines shall be carried at a common elevation of bottom of shoes and cradles. The lines, which run on overhead supports or in the rack shall generally change their elevation when the direction changes. Lines carrying molten solids or service fluids of high viscosity, or those lines so indicated on the applicable P & ID, shall be designed to have a continuous slope and drain into a vessel.
Permanent Access Where equipment, valves or instruments require operational control or normal maintenance during plant operation, access shall be provided by means of grade access ways, elevated platforms or permanent ladders. Where permanent access facilities are not provided with owner agreement, as defined below, mobile platforms, temporary ladders or portable scaffolding must be used.
Stairways Stairways shall be provided as a primary means of access to main operating or service levels in structures, buildings and on furnaces. Storage tanks shall also be provided with stairways as a primary means of access, where levels are more than approximately 6000 mm high. Main operating or service levels shall be defined as those areas which require plant personnel to be normally or intermittently present for substantial periods of time during plant operation.
Ladders Ladders shall be provided as a primary means of access to vessel platforms, auxiliary service platforms in structures, and furnaces. Access from platform to ladder shall generally be side step. Auxiliary service platforms shall be defined as those areas which, during plant operation, do not require the presence of plant personnel other than for short periods.
Space on Elevated Platforms Elevated platforms shall have adequate space for maintaining the equipment (see Table2).
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Mounting Level All equipment (including pumps) and structural steel columns shall be mounted 300 mm (12") minimum above high point of grade, paving or finished floor level. The high point of finished floor level in buildings shall be 300mm (12") minimum above high point of grade or paving.
High Level Access Equipment listed in Table 1, which requires operational control or normal maintenance during plant operation, and which is located more than 4600 mm above grade or 2600 mm above another platform shall be provided with the means of access specified subject to the followings: (1) Mobile platforms, temporary ladders and/or scaffolding shall be used for access to equipment, valves, orifice and flowmeter and manholes when such items are located up to 4600 mm above grade and outside the requirements of Table 1. (2) Flanged nozzles and nozzles requiring initial tightening, metal temperature measuring points on vessels, branch isolation valves at headers in any level of piperack, and orifice flanges or other instrument connections in the lower piperack level shall not be provided with permanent access. (3) Groups of unit isolation valves at battery limits in elevated piperacks and grade pipetracks shall be provided with permanent platform access. (4) The maximum distance from the centerline of horizontally installed valve handwheels to the operating level shall be 1800 mm. Install frequently operated block valves and critical isolation valves with hand-wheel centered line no more than 1.5 m above working surface. (5) The use of chain operators and extension stems shall only be permitted with owner review.
To permit access for the removal and/or maintenance of piping, a minimum side clearance of 25mm shall be provided between parallel lines, or between flange O.D. and pipe. Thermal movements, the thickness of insulation, and the maximum diameter of flanges shall be considered in determining side clearance. Space for the connection of instrument piping to orifice flanges shall be provided.
Bottom of pipe elevation for up to 75mm insulation thickness shall be 500mm and for insulation thickness more than 75mm, bottom of pipe shall be 600mm. The elevation of bottom of elevation shall be maintained from grade or top of steel or any technical structure / platform.
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Valves/ Control Valves / PSVs on top of pipe rack (1) Upto 14", 150# : Pipe davits shall be used at every 35m. Walkway shall be provided to
move the trolley at the top of pipe rack for movement of valves to the davit. (2) Beyond 14": 100 ton crane access shall be ensured.
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Table 1 : Access Requirements Type of Access Item Being Accessed -Fig 8 blinds (any size without adjacent valves),Flow, pressure and Temporary ladder, mobile steps, temporary platform, etc. temperature instrumentation mounted in lines up to 4.6m BOP above grade and up to 2.6m BOP above main structure platform levels -Manhole and hand holes up to 3.75m above grade and 2.5m above main structure platform levels -Valves 1.1/2" and smaller -Level gauges -Temperature and pressure instrumentation above the elevations Permanent ladder with cage stated previously -Items that require occasional operating access including valves, spectacle blind and motor operated valves, heater stack sampling points. -Man ways above grade on equipment. Permanent platform with item accessed from platform edge (i.e. a maximum of 500mm from the platform edge and 1500mm above the platform height). -Valves 2" and larger -Relief valves 3" inlet size and smaller -Level controllers and switches -Fig 8 blinds 3" and smaller -Flow instrumentation above the elevations stated previously -Sampling points -Hand holes -Steam distribution manifolds -Relief valves 4" inlet size and larger -Fig 8 blinds and blind spacers 4" and larger Permanent platform with item accessed from above and in board of platform -Motor operated valves -Control valves -Manholes above elevations stated previously -Heat exchanger units -Clean out points -Catalyst loading flanges
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Type of Access
Item Being Accessed For providing platform ladder & staircase following guidelines shall be followed : -Two means of access (i.e. two ladders or one ladder and one stair case) shall be provided for any elevated platform, which serves three or more vessels & for battery limit valves operating platforms. -Platforms, ladders & stairways shall be consistent with access & safety requirments. -Stairway for tanks to be provided on upstream of predominant wind direction. (1) Platform at elevated structure: -Dual access (i.e. one staircase and one ladder) shall be provided at large elevated structure if any part of platform has more than 22.65m (75ft) of travel.
Ladders and Stairs
-Fired heaters located adjacent to one another shall have interconnecting platforms at various elevations. -Inter-connecting platforms between adjacent towers shall be provided, wherever feasible, taking into consideration expansion of towers. (2) Plaforms with stair access shall be provided only for: -Location at which normal monitoring (once a day or more) is required or where samples are taken. -Location where vessels or equipment items have operator attention such as compressors, heaters, boilers etc. -Main pipe rack at battery limits (3) Platforms with ladder access shall be provided for: -Items that require occasional operating access including valves, spectacle blind and motor operated valves, heater stack sampling points. -Man ways above grade on equipment.
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Table 2 : Minimum Clearances in process plants ITEM Roads DESCRIPTION Width of primary and secondary roads, excluding hard shoulder (where major maintenance vehicles are expected to pass) Headroom for primary roads (where major rigging maintenance vehicles are expected to pass) Headroom over secondary roads Minimum inside edge turning radius for primary Minimum inside edge turning radius for secondary roads Width for plant access roads Headroom for plant access roads Minimum inside edge turning radius for plant access roads Railroads Structural access walkways and maintenance clearances Headroom over through railroads (from top of rail) Headroom for main operating aisles / pedestrian walkway Width of stairway (treads) Vertical rise of stairways (1 flight) Vertical rise of ladders (between platforms) Width for main operating aisles / pedestrian walkway Access way under piperacks Access required for vehicular equipment Access required for potable (temporary) service equipment Vessels (Vertical and Horizontal) Clearance between piperack and vessel Clearance between vessels 4000 3000 4000 (Hor.) 3000 (Ver.) 800 5000 max 9000 max 1000/750 6700 2700/2100 4000 4500 6000 6000 15000 10000 7000 CLEARANCES 10000/6000
Heavy item (e.g. vessel internals, relief valves etc) are to be serviced by davits or monorails. Davits are to be located on the side of the vessel outboard of the piperack and drop-out areas to grade reserved. Pump Clear aisle between two adjacent pumps 900
All pumps of a rating more than or equal to 55kw shall be provided with a monorail.
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ITEM Pump
Pumps shall be kept outside the pipe rack with pump discharge nozzle kept at a distance of minimum 1 meter from pipe rack and motor towards rack and also 4m horizontal clearance beneath the pipe rack shall be ensured while placing the pump.
Vertical & Horizontal Vessel Sheels
Distance of platform below manhole center
1050 max 750 preferred
Clearance in front of manhole Platform extension to side of manhole from centerline of manhole.
760 Nominal manhole diameter 175 to 200 1050(If special case) 760
Vessel Top Head
Distance of platform below face of manhole flange Width of platform from three sides of the manhole
Vertical Exchanger
Distance of platform below top flange of channel or bonnet Width of platform from three sides of flange
1500 max 760 1000
Width of the platform at side of horizontal and vertical tube furnace Width of the platform at ends of horizontal tube furnace
Platform area around the manholes should be increased on packed vessels where the manhole is used for filling or removing the vessel packing.
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3 3.1
DESIGN DETAILS Line and Connection Sizes
The outside diameter of pipe shall be as per ASME B36.10 except when necessary to match equipment connections and required by the process licenser.Piping will be 1/2" normal diameter minimum and with not less than 1/4 "bore.
In open system, minimum underground line size is 1-1/2" for steel and 4" for cast iron and plastic lines. In closed system, minimum underground line size shall comply with P & ID.
Material Specification Changes
When a line is connected to another line of different material specification or pressure rating, valve or flanges connecting these two lines shall be constructed with the higher material specification or pressure rating between the two lines, unless otherwise indicated on the applicable P & ID.
Bends, Miters and Elbows
Elbows shall be generally used to change the direction of piping. However, bends and miters may be used in place of elbow with owner's prior approval.
The radius of bend shall be generally 5 times of nominal outside pipe diameter, unless otherwise specified.
Pipes indicated below may be cold bend at site (if required). (1) Carbon steel pipe -------------------------1" and smaller
Long radius elbows shall be generally used for piping of 2" over except where design requirements dictate the use of short radius elbows.
Miter may be used for the following as per B31.3. (1) Category D fluid service: 8" and larger (2) Other than category D fluid service: Beyond 48" for process line can go for miter as per B31.3,if not available in the market)
Single weld Miters are acceptable for manhole vent pipes.
Reduction in line sizes shall be generally made by thread, butt weld or socket weld fittings. Reducers shall be used in accordance with the Engineering Specification (6987-LEPC1-SE00-PP-SD 1002). Threaded reducers shall not be used on process lines.
Branch Connections
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Branch connections shall be generally made by thread, butt weld or socket weld tees, half couplings, welding outlet fittings or welded pipe-to-pipe connections. When welded pipe-topipe connections are applied, unless the wall thickness of the pipe is sufficient to sustain the pressure and the thermal stress, it is necessary to provide reinforcement. Welded pipe-topipe connections shall be designed so that the angle of intersection between the branch and the run is not less than 45°. Threaded connections shall not be used on process lines.
Selection of branch connection types shall be in accordance with the Engineering Specification (6987-LEPC1-SE-00-PP-SD 1002).
The use of flanges in the piping shall be limited to connections at the flanged equipment (including instrument equipment) and valves. Flanges shall also be provided in special cases. (1) Where frequent dismantling of piping is required. (2) Where dismantling of equipments such as compressors, reactors heads and heat exchangers are required.
Where plastics, non-metallic, cast iron or lined piping system cannot be welded.
Full coupling shall be generally used for joint of piping 1.5" and smaller in accordance with the Engineering Specification (6987-LEPC1-SE-00-PP-SD 1002), Piping Materials and the individual material class.
Cast Iron Flange Class 125 Flat Face Class 250 Flat Face Steel Flange Class 150 Raised Face Class 300 Raised Face
Valves, which type and number are shown on the applicable P & ID, shall be installed in the suitable place to permit proper and safe operation of the unit. Valves shall be preferably installed with their stems above their horizontal centerline. Double block and bleed valve system shall be provided only where necessary to avoid product contamination or hazardous condition, as shown on the P & ID.
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Valves shall be generally gate valves. Globe valves shall be used when throttling is required. Other types of valves are in accordance with the Engineering Specification (6987-LEPC1SE-00-PP-SD 1002).
Gear operator shall be provided for large valves requiring great torque for operation. Valves requiring gear operator are in accordance with the Engineering Specification (6987-LEPC1SE-00-PP-SD 1002).
Orbit ball valves or Vanessa butterfly valves are to be used when tight shut off (TSO) is required.
Wafer type butterfly valves are not to be used. Only flanged or lug type allowed with separate bolting from each side.
End Closures
Welding caps, blind flanges and screwed caps shall be used as end closures. Screwed caps shall not be used on process lines. The ends of all distribution headers are to be flanged / capped (as per P & ID) with a low point drain at the end of each header.
Blanks and Spacer
Blanks and Spacer shall be provided to the extent as shown on the P & ID. Figure eight blinds may be used in piping 8" and smaller. Line blinds with spacers to be provided for greater than 8". Blinds larger than 8" are to be installed in horizontal piping to facilitate removal, if possible.
Temporary conical strainers or wire nets with proper space ring shall be provided in the suction side of compressors for start-up operations. Permanent strainers (T-type or Y-type) shall be installed in all pumps in accordance with the P & ID.
Bypasses are provided only to the extent required for normal operation as shown in the P & ID. In general, by-pass shall not be provided around equipment solely for serving as replacement of the equipment while the unit is operating.
Control Valve Block Valve and By-Pass Valve Sizing The following table may be used as a guide in sizing control valve block valves and the control valve by-pass valve. In systems with a high pressure drop, if the control valve is two or more sizes smaller than the line size, the block and by-pass valves may be of an intermediate size.
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<CONTROL VALVE BLOCK AND BY-PASS VALVES> Control Valve Size Up to 4" 6" and larger Notes: 1. Use ball valves for plugging service. 2. For 10" and larger, gate valve shall be used as bypass valves. Block Valve Size Same as Line Size Block Valve Type Gate Gate By-Pass Size (2) Same as Control valve size One size smaller than control valve By-Pass Type (2) Globe (1) Globe (1)
Vents and Drains
Venting and draining shall be generally accomplished through the vessel and/or equipment connections. Vessel vents and drains may be located at overhead or bottom of the piping when valves or blinds are not located between vent or drain connections and vessels.
3.13.2 3.13.3
Pockets in piping system if unavoidable, shall be generally provided with 3/4" drains. All drains and vents shall be provided with valves with caps and/or flanges, and those vents for test purpose may be plugged with square head plug without valves. Exposed threads shall be generally seal welded after hydro-test.
4 4.1
GENERAL INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS Provisions for Expansions and Flexibility
Provisions for thermal expansions shall be made in all lines in accordance with the requirements of ASME B31.3, ASME B31.1 and additional requirements as follows: (1) The basis of calculation for expansion requirements shall be the Design temperature and/or other more severe temporary condition such as in start-up or steam-out. (2) The lines which contain flammable or toxic service fluids and are flushed with steam-out, shall also be provided with adequate flexibility. Dismantling of subjected lines prior steam out may cause a hazardous situation due to spillage of flammable and/or toxic product.
Provisions for expansions shall be normally made with pipe loops. Bellows type or other expansion joints may be only used where necessary under owner's approval. When expansion joints are applied, adequate guide for piping shall be provided to avoid eccentricity of the centerline. Care shall be taken in use of horizontally installed bellows for the possible creation of condensates.
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All piping system shall be designed so that the loads and moments at the flanges of mechanical equipment such as pumps and compressors shall not exceed the permissible reactions for this equipment as specified by the applicable code or the vendors of equipment.
When excessive forces and moments occur, cold spring may be used. According to thermal calculation results. Cold spring may be adopted to reduce forces and moments which acts on equipment nozzle or structure. Special care should be taken to install cold spring for rotating equipment piping.
As per the engineering practice, the maximum continuous operating temperature shall be used for nozzle loads evaluation only for all rotating equipment. For stress evaluation of piping connected to rotating equipment, design temperature shall be used.
Supports and Hangers
Supports and hangers shall be provided in accordance with pipe support specification 6987LEPC1-SE-00-PP-SD 1009: Pipe Support
Pipe Connections
Pipe connections are generally as follows: (1) Connections in piping systems of 2" and above shall be butt welding.
(2) Connections in piping systems of less than 2" shall be socket welding or screwed connections where permitted. (3) Flanged connections shall be used at connections to vessels and equipment. (4) Pipe connections shall be in accordance with the Project Engineering Specification 6987LEPC1-SE-00-PP-SD 1002 : Piping Materials
Threaded joints shall be generally assembled without seal weld unless otherwise indicated.
Valve Installations
Valves shall be preferably installed so that the valve hand wheel shall not be more than 1,800 mm above the pavement or platform levels and not obstructing walking aisle with headroom of 2,100 mm.
Other valves, which are not frequently used and are not lower than 3,600 mm above the operating level, shall be so installed that they can be reached from a portable ladder or an operation stand.
Valves in trenches shall be provided with extended stems with hand wheel at 1,100 mm above walkover platform.
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Valves at towers shall be located directly against or close to the tower nozzles, unless physical interferences would prevent proper operation of the valves. Valves shall not be located inside vessel skirts, unless otherwise specified.
All valve outlet ends, in all services which do not connect to a piping system, shall be provided with a blind flange or screwed cap assembly, unless otherwise indicated on the P & ID.
Manual operated valves, which are used in conjunction with locally mounted flow indicators, etc., shall be placed at the same operating level and located where the instrument can be readily observed.
Control and safety valves shall be installed above platform. For exemptions or special cases a waiver from owner shall be obtained during detail design and/or model reviews.
For cryogenic service valves used in design temperature of between –50℃ and below, the valve shall have an extended bonnet.
4.4.9 4.4.10
For cryogenic service valves shall not be installed in vertical lines. Valves in horizontal lines shall be installed with stem in vertical position or at least 45˚ vertically from the horizontal centerline of the pipe except below: (1) Inlet line block for safety valve (2) Normal closed valve may require opening in an emergency or upset condition (for example, by-pass valve for control valve system). (3) Orifice tap valve (4) Block valve for instrument items (5) Flare system block valve
All valves in flare system to be installed with horizontal stem.
Pump Piping
Pump suction lines shall be designed to avoid traps and pockets. Horizontal suction lines from towers shall be designed to avoid pockets resulting from thermal expansion of vertical lines.
The discharge line from centrifugal or rotary pumps shall be provided with a check valve between the pump and the block valve.
Suction and discharge lines of pump shall be drained through drain located at the low point of the pump casing whenever possible.
Sealing oil system and cooling water piping for gland shall be furnished in accordance with the pump vendor's recommendations.
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Permanent (T-type or Y-type) strainers shall be provided for all pumps. The strainer open area will be at least equal to 200% of the pipe cross sectional area.
A warm-up bypass will be provided as indicated on the P & ID. The bypass will have a globe valve and will be installed around the pump discharge check valve. Drilled check valves can only be used with written Owner permission.
Piping layout shall comply with the pump manufacturer's requirements for straight pipe run at suction nozzles.
The reducers in the pump suction lines shall be eccentric and installed top flat to avoid creating the air pocket.
4.5.9 4.5.10
Pump piping shall be designed to provide clearance for pump or driver removal. Pump suction line dia should normally not be more than 2 std line sizes larger than nozzle sizes to the extent possible.
Suction piping lengths shall be as short as possible. A straight section of minimum 3 times of the line size shall have to be provided at the suction nozzle.
No monorail should normally be provided for pumps outside rack and sufficient space below rack shall be available for pump maintenance.
Wherever practicable pumps shall be arranged in rows with the centre line of the discharge nozzle varying between 1m to 3m from the rack column centerline. Pumps shall be kept outside the pipe rack.
Rack Piping
When header block valves are used in utility lines, they should be installed in horizontal runs at high points in the line so that the line drains in both directions from the valve. Any variation from this statement could be determined during model review.
Hot lines on pipe racks shall be grouped and expansion loops shall be nested together. The number of expansion loops shall be kept to a minimum.
The total width of pipe rack shall include 20% free space allowance for future expansion. This 20% shall be of total width (including all tiers) of the pipe rack. But on each tier, free space shall be complied with the following. (1) For rack with rack width upto 6m : Minimum 750mm free space per tier (2) For rack with rack width greater than 6m : Minimum 1000mm free space per tier
Cooling water lines 24" and below shall be routed above ground on piperack / sleeper.
Tank and Vessel Piping
The nozzle for level controlling instruments shall be preferably oriented within an angle not exceeding 60˚ against the fluid inlet nozzle.
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The permanent platform is to be provided for all the nozzles with a centerline of 5,000 mm or higher above grade except where nozzle flanges are provided only for initial assembly.
4.7.3 4.7.4
The fluid inlet nozzle shall be located as far as possible from the fluid outlet nozzle. Vibration caused by wind load or other dynamic effects on tower-overhead piping shall be considered in the design.
Suitable expansion connections shall be provided in the piping between tanks and equipment considering excessive stress on nozzle and differential settlement.
Exchanger Piping
Exchanger piping shall be designed to allow both the bonnet and channel ends to be free for removal. Piping at exchangers shall be kept clear at channel section to allow for unbolting of channel and tube removal.
Inlet and outlet piping for multi-pass exchangers or coolers shall be designed to be as symmetrical as practicable in order for equal flow distribution. When individual pass flow control is provided, this requirement is not required.
Use of Monorails for maintenance / removal of heat exchangers is not preferred unless there is specific need for it (e.g between structures). And it is not required for heat exchangers on the ground level and the top of the structure. Movable crane shall be used for maintenance and removal for these items.
Compressor Piping
Compressor suction lines shall be provided with a suction filter which can completely remove debris from the system.
Whenever possible, suction and discharge piping in the immediate vicinity of the compressor shall be located at grade elevation, or below the elevated floor to minimize vibration.
Provision shall be made in the compressor piping to minimize stresses in the nozzle by means of weight loaded hangers or their equivalent. The stress values shall be dependant on vendor's recommendation.
Piping to compressors shall be so arranged that it will not interfere with the removal of parts from or disassembly of the equipment.
Lube oil and/or seal oil returning piping shall be sloped back to the oil storage tank with a minimum slope of 1/100.
Furnance and Fired Heater Piping
Furnaces are located at the periphery of the process area, to suit atmospheric conditions, maintenance requirements (to service tubes & tube removal), and strict safety distance.
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Furnaces should be grouped together in a common area. The minimum distance between furnaces or furnaces and associated close coupled equipment is determined by erection, operating, piping and maintenance requirements.
Furnaces should be located upstream of the prevailing wind to minimize the possibility of flammable vapors passing into the area.
When locating furnaces, consideration must be given to the height of the furnace stack in relation to adjacent towers or structures. The safety distance shall be provided as per Safe Location Concept (6987-LEPC1-AA-00-PS-PC 1022).
Furnaces that are used for intermittent or start-up service can be located: (1) A practical minimum distance from related process equipment they serve. (2) A 7,500 mm minimum distance from non-related process equipment.
Furnaces or furnaces and associated close coupled equipment must be located minimum of 15,000 mm from other non-related equipment containing flammable fluids (except as noted in paragraph 4.10.7).
Furnaces must be located at a minimum of 15,000 mm from: (1) Air cooled heat exchangers containing flammable fluids (2) Switch rooms (3) Un-pressurized control houses (4) Compressor and pump houses containing equipment in hydrocarbon service (5) Remote valves
The process inlet enters the furnace through single or multiple connections. Generally, each inlet line is furnished with controls which are located at the front end of the furnace, for ease of operation. For multiple connections, each heater pass contains an identical number of tubes with identical flow and heat transfer. So the means to divide flow equally among the passes must be provided.
The product outlets connect to the transfer line, which is considered to be the most critical line within the furnace arrangement. Usually of an expensive alloy and operating at a very high temperature, the length of transfer line should be kept to a minimum to suit safety distances, flexibility restraints, and de-coking requirements.
4.10.10 When certain feedstocks are used, transfer lines have a tendency to coke. In some services, quench oil is injected into the transfer line to minimize coke formation. In transfer lines where coking is expected, flanged fittings are specified to facilitate cleaning.
Dahej Petrochemicals Complex 6987-LEPC1-SE-00-PP-SD 1001
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4.10.11 Fuel gas system shall be as follows: (1) A condensate leg with a drain connection shall be provided at the low point of the distribution header. The supply leads to the burners shall be taken from the top of the distribution header. The branch line shall be connected to the distribution header in such a manner as to give a balanced gas flow to each burner. (2) A remotely located shut-off valve shall be installed in the gas supply main or in the branch line to each furnace, positioned in an accessible location a minimum of 15,000 mm from the furnace at grade. (3) A valve located adjacent to the burner lighting post shall be installed in each burner lead for manual adjustment of the fuel supply so that the operator can observe the flame while operating the valve must be located.
5 5.1
REQUIREMENTS FOR INDIVIDUAL PIPING SYSTEM Process Piping System
Sample connections shall be as follows: (1) Sample connections and sample coolers shall be provided as indicated on the P & ID. (2) The sample connections shall be generally located in vertical line. When pipe is in a horizontal or inclined plane, the sample connection shall be located at the side or top of the pipe.
Piping for pumping-out of towers and equipment shall be provided to the extent shown on the P & ID and shall be adequate to permit normal operation and shutdown of the process units. Such piping shall be a part of regular process piping of the unit and shall be designed to be minimum.
Pressure relief valves shall be provided as follows: (1) Pressure relief valves shall be provided to the extent shown on the P & ID. (2) Pressure relief valves on process systems shall be connected to a flare or other disposal systems, only when so indicated on the P & ID. (3) Pressure relief valves shall be located at positions accessible from platform or grade. (4) Pressure relief valves shall be installed in a vertical position and shall have a minimum of pipe length between the protected line or equipment and the valve inlet. Where pressure relief valves are positioned on the downstream of rotating equipments, for instance steam turbine, it should be installed near the anchor point.
Dahej Petrochemicals Complex 6987-LEPC1-SE-00-PP-SD 1001
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(5) The Safety distance on pressure relief valves, which are not connected to flare or other disposal systems, shall be provided as per Safe Location Concept (6987-LEPC1-AA-00PS-PC 1022). A 12 mm minimum weep hole shall be provided at the low point of the discharge piping when discharging to atmosphere. (6) Pressure relief valves connected to flare lines shall be located higher than the flare header, except where otherwise specified and agreed with owner. (7) Outlet piping of pressure relief valves connected to a flare line shall be connected to the top or side of a flare header so that the flow direction angle between the axes of the outlet line and of the header is 45˚ . If the line size is 1.1/2" and smaller, 90˚ is allowed. (8) Outlet piping of pressure relief valves including flare lines shall be designed to prevent excessive stresses in the line resulting from large rapid temperature distribution. (9) Flare header shall be sloped to the blow-down drum with a falling gradient. (10) Block valves to flare systems to be mounted with horizontal stem.
Steam Piping Systems
Indian Boiler Regulations (IBR) Steam lines with conditions listed below fall in the scope of IBR (1) Lines having design pressure (maximum working pressure) above 3.5 Kg/cm2 (g) (2) Line sizes above 10" inside diameter having design pressure 1.0 Kg/cm2(g) & above. (3) Lines with pressure less than 1.0 Kg/cm2(g) are excluded. (4) User of steam like steam tracing lines, jacket of the steam jacketted lines, steam heating coil within the equipment are excluded from IBR scope. (5) Boiler feed water lines to steam generator, condensate lines to steam generator and flash drum as marked in P & ID shall be under purview of IBR
IBR Requirement (in brief) (1) All materials used on lines falling under IBR must be accompanied with IBR Inspection Certificate in original. In exceptional cases, clear & legible photocopy of the original certificate duly countersigned and attested by local boiler inspector is acceptable. Leading inspection authority viz. Lloyds, EIL & any other agency which are authorized inspection authorities for IBR outside India. Whereas for Indian supply only IBR is the inspection authority. (2) Drawings like General Arrangement Drawings (GAD) and isometrics of lines falling under IBR must also be approved by IBR authority of State in which the system is being installed.
Dahej Petrochemicals Complex 6987-LEPC1-SE-00-PP-SD 1001
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(3) All welders used on fabrication of IBR system must possess IBR welding qualification certificate. (4) IBR system must be designed to comply with IBR regulations as well as ASME B31.3. All design calculations towards the same must be approved by IBR authority. (5) IBR approval is obtained with requisite fees payable to Indian Boiler Board of the State concerned. 5.2.3 Branch connection from steam headers shall be generally taken off from the top of the header. Single block valves and/or check valves shall be provided to the extent shown on the P & ID, and installed in horizontal run (condensate drains away from block valves), adjacent to the headers. End of steam header should be provided with flange and blind flange. 5.2.4 5.2.5 Steam and condensate lines shall not be buried. Steam block valves in the branch lines, adjacent to the headers, shall generally be located in horizontal position. 5.2.6 Steam safety valves shall be provided as follows: (1) Steam safety valves shall be provided as shown on the P & ID. (2) The safety distance shall be provided as per Safe Location Concept (6987-LEPC1-AA00-PS-PC 1022). A 12 mm minimum weep hole shall be provided at the low point of discharge piping. (3) Steam safety valves shall have generally a minimum length of piping between the protected line or equipment and the valve inlet. (4) Process steam connections to fired heaters, fractionating towers and any other process equipment or lines shall be provided with a check valve and a block in series; the check valve being located between the block valve and the injection point. 5.2.7 All steam lines shall be designed to avoid unnecessary pockets. Where pockets cannot be avoided, steam traps or drain valves shall be provided. Traps shall be discharged to the next lower pressure steam header, condensate header or other suitable locations unless otherwise indicated on the applicable P & ID. 5.2.8 Steam Condensate (1) Branch connection from condensate headers shall be generally taken off from the top of the header unless. Single block valves and/or check valves shall be provided to the extent shown on the P & ID, in branches, adjacent to the headers. (2) Each drain on steam headers shall be provided with a condensate pot. (3) Generally, collection and discharge of condensed water shall be carried out through steam trap.
Dahej Petrochemicals Complex 6987-LEPC1-SE-00-PP-SD 1001
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(4) When draining large steam consumers such as heaters, condensers, and re-boilers, level controlled collection pots may be used. (5) For closed condensate recovery system, the condensate collecting header shall be as short as possible to the flash drum and they shall be planned with downward pipe route. (6) Steam condensate headers subject to hydraulic shock shall be designed in consideration of the following: - Bolting and gaskets shall be made from materials capable of withstanding the effect of hydraulic shock. - Condensate headers shall be provided with slip expansion joints without corrugate bellows type joints to prevent excessive expansion forces, when necessary. (7) Standards for steam / condensate traps arrangement drawings to be issued.
Water and Air Systems
All process cooling water lines shall be installed so that equipment being cooled shall remain full of water in the event of shut-down of the cooling water pumps.
Branch line from the header of the instrument air system shall be provided with single block valve and check valve as indicated on the P & ID, and located at the top of the header.
Instrument air lines shall not be connected to process lines, service lines and other equipment.
Instrument air shall not be used as plant air or service air in principle.
Fire Protection System
Fire water lines and hydrants shall be installed as indicated on the applicable P & ID.
Utility Services
Hose stations for steam, water, air and nitrogen (if required by process) shall be provided at working platforms or grade locations and grouped together, as indicated on the P & ID. Standards for utility stations arrangement drawing to be issued. Areas to be served with one hose station shall be within reach of 15 m hose. For working platform upto 35m, air water and steam lines shall be provided. But beyond 35m, only air and steam shall be provided.
Block valves and check valves are to be provided in individual branch headers to each utility station.
Special fittings and different color hoses are to be provided for positive segregation from other utilities according to existing plant standards.
Globe valves shall be used for air and water nitrogen and steam.
Dahej Petrochemicals Complex 6987-LEPC1-SE-00-PP-SD 1001
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A hose rack to be provided for the four different hose types at each utility station except those located on column platforms.
Provide spare connections on utility headers (nitrogen and LP steam) in areas needed for preparing major equipment for maintenance.
Safety Shower and Eye Wash
Safety shower and eye wash unit will be provided within 15 m of where toxic, corrosive or flammable liquids (C5+) are handled.
Supply piping to safety shower and eye wash units to be installed underground to maintain the water temperature as low as possible during hot weather. Above ground piping to be minimum and insulated.
A thermostat set at 40˚C to be provided at the inlet to the eye bath to limit water temperature.
5.7.1 5.7.2 5.7.3 5.7.4 5.7.5
Drainage and Sewage Systems
Drainage and sewage systems shall be supplied to the extent shown on the P & ID. Equipment drains shall be collected to drip funnels. Oily sewer systems shall be properly trapped and sealed at the manholes and sumps. Oily sewer shall be drained separately from rain water and non-oily sewer. OWS will convey waste water containing hydrocarbons from process area equipments such as Pumps, Compressors, Exchangers, Vessels etc. and sent to oily water basin.
OWS from all process equipments drain shall be discharged into funnels and conveyed thru slope to OWS header. Slope shall be calculated using Manning Formula. Material of construction for pipe is CS (API 5L Gr.B) externally PE coated. These pipes are directly buried. At every 30m sealed manholes are provided and vent from manhole is routed near pipe rack columns and upto 3m above top rack.
Underground Piping
Underground piping shall be considered for drainage, sewage, firewater and cooling water piping greater than 24" in diameter.
Underground piping can be direct buried, sleeved or run in engineered pipe trenches. The criteria for access, inspection, and corrosion protection shall be considered carefully, before deciding on the underground option to be adopted for the project.
Insulated lines and lines with significant thermal movement shall not be direct buried. At road crossings buried piping shall be protected form road imposed loads using pipe sleeves.
Dahej Petrochemicals Complex 6987-LEPC1-SE-00-PP-SD 1001
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Wherever underground pipes, cables, instrument lines cross a road, consideration shall be given to combining them, with the spacing, and pass through a culvert instead of being direct buried.
Cooling water supply and return line shall be provided as per PID. These lines are directly buried. Material of construction for CWS/CWR is CS (API 5L Gr. B) externally PE coated.Flat side down eccentric reducer shall be used.
Potable water will be supplied for safety shower and eye wash. It is directly buried (U/G). Material of construction for potable water is Galv.(API 5L Gr. B) externally PE coated.
Slop system: (1) Warm slop - All warm slop line shall be installed in trenches and shall be steam traced.
- Slope shall be as per P&ID. - Material of construction for pipe is CS (API 5L Gr.B). - All warm slop line is connected to warm slop drum. (2) Cold slop - All cold slop line shall be installed in trenches.
- Slope shall be as per P&ID. - Material of construction for pipe is CS (API 5L Gr.B). - All cold slop line is connected to cold slop drum. (3) Benzene slop - All benzene slop line shall be installed in trenches.
- Slope shall be as per P&ID. - Material of construction for pipe is CS (API 5L Gr.B). - All benzene slop line is connected to benzene slop drum. (4) Caustic slop - All caustic slop line shall be installed in trenches. - Slope shall be as per P&ID.
- Material of construction for pipe is CS (API 5L Gr.B). - All caustic slop line is connected to caustic slop drum.
Dahej Petrochemicals Complex 6987-LEPC1-SE-00-PP-SD 1001
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Hydraulic Bolt Tensioning
Hydraulic bolt tensioning shall be applied for all joints where the bolt sizes match following criteria. Nominal Bolt Diameter 50mm and over 38mm and 50mm Category 'M' fluid service 25mm and above Critical equipment nozzle such as compressor and turbine, pump, blower where vibration is a possibility. Condition All joints Class 600 and above
Consideration shall be given to space requirements for bolt tensioning equipment.
Piping Tie-Ins
All lines shall be terminated at the plot battery limit with isolation as per process package. There are only two battery limits for this unit one in the north direction and the other in the east direction as indicated in the plot plan attached with bid package. All lines at battery limit shall be anchored as far as possible or otherwise forces and moments shall be provided by other contractor at the interface.
Drawing and Procedures
All final as built drawings are to be submitted in latest Auto cad version. If the same is not made available in Auto cad, the necessary software / system shall be supplied in order to enable direct population of the same into company's end user system with due integration.
Mandatory spares
Piping systems shall not be spared. However for pipe fittings including valves (less than and equal to 10") 5% or minimum of 1 spare shall be provided as ware-house spares.
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Kate Linder Tuesday 11th August 2009 USPS 'Early TV Memories' stamps unveiled at the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences in Nort Hollywood Los Angeles, California (2 Pictures)
Kate Linder
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The sign positioning, the older buildings and the railway siding all arranged perfectly. This is an ideal photo of the vintage beauty, hot exhaust included. TG
Excellent. I shall have to look at the shots I took 3 weeks ago and see if they also have the L plate.
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The municipality polls will be the first major test for the Trinamool-Congress alliance after its victory in the 2011 Assembly polls.
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A Simple Way To Create A Super Strong Password
Published 7:58 pm, Friday, April 25, 2014
Internet security is paramount today. Your information (and sometimes even your identity) is only as safe as your password is strong. So here's a great way to come up with a password that is both secure and easy to remember.
Produced by Daniel Goodman. Originally published in March 2013.
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|By Marketwired .
Article Rating:
|March 26, 2014 09:45 AM EDT
TORONTO, ONTARIO -- (Marketwired) -- 03/26/14 -- Mooncor Oil & Gas Corp. ("Mooncor") (TSX VENTURE: MOO) announced today it has entered into a securities purchase agreement (the "Agreement") with Pinetree Capital Ltd. ("Pinetree").
Pursuant to the terms of the Agreement (i) Pinetree has agreed to subscribe for an aggregate of 10,000,000 units of Mooncor ("Units") at a deemed price of $0.05 per Unit, with each Unit comprised of one common share in the capital of the Corporation (a "Mooncor Share") and one common share purchase warrant entitling the holder thereof to acquire one Mooncor Share at a price of $0.10 per Mooncor Share until the date that is 24 months from the date of issuance, and (ii) the Corporation has agreed to subscribe for an aggregate of 819,672 common shares in the capital of Pinetree at a deemed price of $0.61 per share.
The closing of the transaction is scheduled to occur on or about April 1, 2014. The securities issued under or in connection with the transaction will be subject to a four (4) month hold period. Completion of the transaction is subject to a number of conditions, including, without limitation, receipt of all applicable regulatory and stock exchange approvals.
The information in this news release includes certain information and statements about management's view of future events, expectations, plans and prospects that constitute forward looking statements. These statements are based upon assumptions that are subject to significant risks and uncertainties. Because of these risks and uncertainties and as a result of a variety of factors, the actual results, expectations, achievements or performance may differ materially from those anticipated and indicated by these forward looking statements. Although Mooncor believes that the expectations reflected in forward looking statements are reasonable, it can give no assurances that the expectations of any forward looking statements will prove to be correct. Except as required by law, Mooncor disclaims any intention and assumes no obligation to update or revise any forward looking statements to reflect actual results, whether as a result of new information, future events, changes in assumptions, changes in factors affecting such forward looking statements or otherwise.
Neither TSX Venture Exchange nor its Regulation Services Provider (as that term is defined in the policies of the TSX Venture Exchange) accepts responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this release.
Mooncor Oil & Gas Corp.
Allen Lone
Chief Executive Officer
(905) 338-0220
[email protected]
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The 19th International Cloud Expo has announced that its Call for Papers is open. Cloud Expo, to be held November 1-3, 2016, at the Santa Clara Convention Center in Santa Clara, CA, brings together Cloud Computing, Big Data, Internet of Things, DevOps, Digital Transformation, Microservices and WebRTC to one location. With cloud computing driving a higher percentage of enterprise IT budgets every year, it becomes increasingly important to plant your flag in this fast-expanding business opportuni...
Jul. 28, 2016 03:15 AM EDT Reads: 2,648
Large scale deployments present unique planning challenges, system commissioning hurdles between IT and OT and demand careful system hand-off orchestration. In his session at @ThingsExpo, Jeff Smith, Senior Director and a founding member of Incenergy, will discuss some of the key tactics to ensure delivery success based on his experience of the last two years deploying Industrial IoT systems across four continents.
Jul. 28, 2016 03:00 AM EDT Reads: 1,635
"We're a global managed hosting provider. Our core customer set is a U.S.-based customer that is looking to go global," explained Adam Rogers, Managing Director at ANEXIA, in this SYS-CON.tv interview at 18th Cloud Expo, held June 7-9, 2016, at the Javits Center in New York City, NY.
Jul. 28, 2016 02:30 AM EDT Reads: 1,803


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Job Locations US-CA-San Francisco Category Campaign Management & Consulting Travel None Level Individual Contributor More information about this job: Overview: Do you want to be a part of the future of marketing? The time is now to join us here at MediaMath, where we not only6/22/2016 San Francisco, CA Save This Job
Job Locations US-IL-Chicago Category Campaign Management & Consulting Travel None Level Individual Contributor More information about this job: Overview: Do you want to be a part of the future of marketing? The time is now to join us here at MediaMath, where we not only6/22/2016 Chicago, IL Save This Job
Department: Talent Location: Boston, MA Inspire a little crazy! Acquia, is transforming the digital strategies of companies all over the world with our open cloud platform. We are passionate and relentlessly committed to helping our clients create digital experiences that are6/21/2016 Boston, MA Save This Job
CLIENT SERVICES - Los Angeles Overview HelloWorld Account Managers work proactively and collaboratively with all divisions of the company to provide our clients with long-term strategic value and customer service. As a day-to-day partner with HelloWorld sales6/7/2016 Los Angeles, CA Save This Job
Job ID 2016-3457 Job Location US-TX-Austin Category Advertising Type Full-Time More information about this job About Bazaarvoice Bazaarvoice is a network that connects brands and retailers to the authentic voices of people where they shop. Each month, more than 500 million6/21/2016 Austin, TX Save This Job
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DEPARTMENT Technical Support & Customer Service CITY Irvine, CA TYPE Full-Time What you?ll do As a Sales Training Manager, you will be responsible for the increasing in sales and profitability external product training. You must ensure that Belkin product line(s) is/are6/19/2016 Irvine, CA Save This Job
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July happenings at Advanced Rehab
Check out our July 2016 Exercise Calendar!
Corn-hole Tournament
Teams of 2 can sign up at Advanced Rehab.
Please give us your team name and the two names of the members on your team.
All ages welcome. $30 per team which includes the tournament and the cookout.
Cornhole, Food, and Prizes!
Click here to download the registration form
Couch to 5K Program for the Potato Stomp
Training for September 10th: The Potato Stomp!
Couch to 5K and 9 mile Run:
This is a 12 week program where you will build endurance, strength, and flexibility. Walkers and runners are welcome to join!
June 21st – September 8th
When: Every Tuesday and Thursday @ 5:30 – 6:30PM
Where: ARHS; 4707 Mill St. Mantua, OH 44255
Contact Info: 330-274-2747 or firstname.lastname@example.com
$50 for registration or $10 off "Friends Package." T-shirt with entry. You will also receive $5 off your Potato Stomp registration. Make checks payable to ARHS.
Click here to download the registration form
Our Mission:To provide professional, high quality, cost effective physical therapy and fitness programs to patients and clients of all ages and abilities. We are committed to providing a full spectrum of services integrating the concepts of health and wellness, into prevention, injury management, sports performance, occupational health and community programming.
Cooperative payment methods:
- Self payment
- Medicare
- Most major insurance companies
- Worker's Compensation
- Cash, check
- Visa/MasterCard


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It`s something we don`t want to see on cricket field: Vettori
Mumbai: Royal Challengers Bangalore coach Daniel Vettori was pained to see the ugly on-field spat between RCB bowler Mitchell Starc and Mumbai Indians` batsman Kieron Pollard in an IPL game here but preferred to wait for the match referee`s verdict before apportioning blame.
"I haven`t had a chance to talk to Mitchell or anyone else involved. It`s obviously something we don`t want to see on the cricket field. But we will wait for match referee (Andy Pycroft) to make his ruling," Vettori said after the match here last night.
"I am sure the match referee would be involved. Let`s wait and see what he says before we speculate. I think we should sit tight and not judge the incident," he added.
The incident referred to was the hurling of the cricket bat by West Indies all-rounder Pollard at Australian left-arm pacer Starc after the latter delivered the ball to him despite the batsman having backed off from the crease.
It was an ugly incident as Pollard had advanced menacingly at Starc before throwing his bat which, luckily, hit the turf well away from the bowler.
Both players had to be separated by umpires S Ravi and K Srinath and they had a talk with RCB captain Virat Kohli too while RCB`s West Indian player Chris Gayle pacified Pollard.
Strangely IPL organisers gagged the media from asking MI wicket-keeper batsman C M Gautam about the incident with the media manager issuing a diktat before the start of his interaction.
Vettori blamed the fall of crucial wickets when asked about RCB`s failure to chase the stiff target of 187 set by MI and falling short by 19 runs despite a rollicking start given by Chris Gayle and Parthiv Patel.
"It was a tough total to chase in a T20 Game is hard. The start we got was fantastic, Chris and Parthiv set the tone with 44 in 21 balls and Virat picked it up as well. Thereafter we lost crucial wickets which put us under pressure," he said.
Both Gayle, who made a quick-fire 38 in 24 balls with three sixes and as many fours, and Patel (26 off 19 balls with five fours) departed in similar fashion, by trying to hoist off-spinner Harbhajan Singh over the mid-wicket region, but Vettori refused to blame them for the poor shots.
"They had played that shot already a couple of times before. It`s something they are comfortable with. We should say (to Harbhajan) very well bowled. It was brave to bowl a slower ball against Chris who was playing very well. It was one of the key moments of the game," said the former Kiwi all-rounder.
Vettori felt that his bowlers and fielders erred in giving away 25 extras when MI batted first and set the imposing target in their fortress where they had been undefeated in nine previous games going back to last season.
"I thought par score was 175-180. It was a tough total to chase and the bowling side bowled exceptionally well. We did ourselves in too. The extras contributed a lot (towards our defeat). There were far too many which made the difference between the two teams at the end of the day.
He refused to blame any individual batsman or bowler for the four losses out of seven games that RCB have tasted when asked about Gayle`s indifferent form. Vettori also felt that his top batsmen would run into form in the latter half of the tournament.
"We have played seven games and he played in three of them (he missed the first four because of a back problem). He`s slowly getting there," said Vettori about Gayle`s scores of 20, 27 and 38 this season.
"We have some exceptional batsmen and they need to fire (together). We are hoping all our batsmen come into form at the back end of the tournament and if they do that we will gain momentum going into the semifinals. I am confident all our batsmen will be in form shortly. At the moment we are losing crucial wickets," he added.
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How Stargate inspired a cult following
The science fiction classic is 20 years old. Lisa Granshaw reports on the franchise's growth and fanbase, and the buzz--and mixed feelings--surrounding its forthcoming big-screen reboot.
After Stargate hit movie theaters in October 1994, it inspired books, comics, games, and three TV spin-offs: Stargate SG-1, Stargate Atlantis, and Stargate Universe. Transmuting Chariots of the Gods-esque cosmic mystery into a modern blockbuster, its recasting of Egyptian myth as a science-fiction epic evolved into a sprawling space opera built around the titular stargates, which offer the lure of instant travel between two points in space.
Between the upcoming 20th anniversary and the announcement of a reboot movie trilogy, it's Stargate's year. Why does such its peculiar blend of influences capture our imagination?
It comes down to how it rewires legend into a world that, for all its futuristic trappings, connects closely to our everyday reality.
"The show's creators were sticklers for the detail—something that's clear in the fact they hired a science consultant for the series," said Dr. Angela Ndalianis, a professor of screen studies at Melbourne University. " ... it rewrites the human understanding of these as myths and legends into a new reality that has scientific credence, albeit one that rationalizes the myths by saying they're influenced by alien cultures."
These qualities helped Stargate grow from a single film into a larger media franchise that has a dedicated fanbase to this day. In fact SG-1—which still holds the record for longest consecutive running sci-fi TV series in North America—is often considered a cult hit along with classics like Firefly and Farscape.
There's more than one reason why Stargate succeeded in keeping and growing a loyal following. Actor David Hewlett who portrayed Dr. Rodney McKay in the TV series believes one of them is timing. The Internet was growing around the time of SG-1, giving fans a way to share their passion and spread the word.
"[Fans] are early adopters of technology and embrace a lot of the new stuff out there," he said. "They are scientists or amateur scientists or people who are explorers and basically love this stuff. That's why they like the show. So I think the popularity of the Internet at the same time as the show made a big part of this sort of groundswell of support for Stargate."
Hewlett also thinks the characters resonate with fans, as does actress Amanda Tapping who portrayed Colonel Samantha Carter on the shows.
"A great comradery was in the cast and that translated to the characters. There was a great sense of joy on that show. We had so much fun making Stargate and I think that it translates in little nuances that make it human and accessible. They are fallible but dedicated characters…" Tapping said. "That made it accessible to people. It told good stories with a moral center and had people who genuinely cared about each other and that made it easy for the audience to care about them."
To Dr. Ndalianis, characters the audience could grow to love and hate along with imaginative stories especially led to its successful cult following.
"As each series developed and as the franchise grew it managed to create the successful world-building strategy that's so central to many cult franchises today. The balance between seriousness and humor was also integral to the Stargate magic and, perhaps, the absence of humor was one of the reasons behind the demise of Stargate Universe. This show tried too much to 'do a Battlestar Galactica' and abandoned one of the core features that made the show so loved," she said.
Stargate 's TV reign may have ended with Universe in 2011, but the franchise continues to have an influence. Dr. Ndalianis believes that in a sense it influenced the genre "through the way it generated successful spinoffs that themselves are examples of the sci-fi genre."
However Hewlett believes it has a huge impact on people's lives more than on the genre in general. A programmer once told Hewlett that his character inspired them to get into programming and in his interactions with fans he hears more examples of the shows' direct effect on people and how it's helped them.
"When a kid says 'I'm in astrophysics at school because of your character' that's amazing to me. That's very inspiring, that someone's interested in science now that wasn't before," he said.
News that Stargate will be returning as a movie trilogy has received some mixed responses but there's no denying it will breath new life into the franchise.
"It's a clever marketing ploy that, if successful, will introduce a new generation of viewers to the Stargate world. But can there ever be another Jack O'Neill/Richard Dean Anderson?" Dr. Ndalianis said.
Hewlett and Tapping are looking forward to the films. Tapping thinks the TV series and the power of the fandom will help the new movies. She said the culture of sci-fi has changed in terms of fandom to include a larger demographic and the positive power of geek culture, which studios are watching.
"Since the original came out in '94 20 years ago the culture has changed, so I imagine it'll do really well. It speaks to the culture of sci-fi fandom, how it's grown, how the demo has grown, and it's huge," she said.
The reboot certainly means that Stargate will continue to live on in the decades to come.
"It's a testament to the wonderful iconic concept of the stargate," Hewlett said. "It's such an amazing image and conjures up feelings of wonder and excitement that you can see why you want to keep using it."
Illustration: Todd Slater (prints)
Miss Cleo dead at 53
TMZ reports that Miss Cleo is dead at 53. The TV psychic, also known as Youree Harris, was famous for the character's faux-Jamaican accent and the bizarre Tarot-themed advertising campaigns exhorting Americans to call in for a reading. You couldn't fool Miss Cleo, went the catchy 90s' tagline, but the entertainer could not fool the […]
Cosplay at the 2016 San Diego Comic-Con International: 10 amazing fan portraits
San Diego Comic-Con International has concluded for 2016, but these amazing photos of dedicated cosplayers at the event will live on.
What famous person do you look like?
"We ask strangers on the street which celebrities they've been told they look like." Another fun piece from our friend and collaborator Joe Sabia, for Vanity Fair.
Meet the future of audio: the KOAR Bone Conduction Bluetooth Headset is now 48% off
Those of us who love music wish we could listen to it 24/7. But it's impossible when we're trying to converse with our friends, or when are swimming in the local pool.That is, until now. The KOAR Bone Conduction Bluetooth Headset, now 48% off, has changed the audio game.Made with lightweight titanium memory metal, this headset boasts patented bone conduction technology to transport sound […]
The Ultimate 'Netflix and Chill' Bundle
It's one thing to enjoy dinner at home and a nice glass of Cabernet Sauvignon with your best friend, Netflix, but it's another thing entirely to make that meal from scratch and get that wine delivered right to your doorstep.But what if we told you there's a way to make this possible? To keep your social life, […]
Oompa Oompa stick it in your Jumper Overnighter Travel Bag —now 24% off
Having to pack and drag your stuff through security can put quite the damper on your vacation plans. Thankfully, we've got your back with one way to make traveling more painless: the Jumper Overnighter Travel Bag.This compact bag is so lightweight that you can effortlessly carry it, and fit it into any overhead compartment. But just […]


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Police: 6 facing charges in 2 warming hut fires
BELVIDERE — A Vermont State Police detective says six people are facing charges stemming from fires that destroyed two warming huts in a Belvidere sugarbush.
On Oct. 27 fire fighters were called to a remote location within a 500-acre sugarbush owned by Joseph Russo where they found an 8-foot by 12-foot warming hut had been completely destroyed by fire before burning itself out.
On Nov. 16, investigators determined that a second warming hut had been burned down at the same time as the first incident, but it wasn't discovered until the later date.
Both fires were determined to be arson. There were no injuries.
Six suspects were charged with second degree arson. One of those suspects was also charged with unlawful mischief.MORE IN This Just In
BERLIN — A Northfield man is accused of driving drunk in Berlin. Full Story
MENDON — Vermont State Police say a one-car crash that left a vehicle... Full Story
GUILFORD — Vermont fire investigators say an explosion that destroyed a... Full Story
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