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This Summary of Australian Indigenous health provides a plain language summary of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health, with brief information about the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population, health problems and common risk factors.
This summary includes the following information about Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples:
This summary uses information from the most up-to-date sources to help create a picture of the health of Australia's Indigenous people. This report uses four main sources of information:
Data for these reports are collected through health surveys, by hospitals, and by doctors across Australia.
An important issue when collecting health information or data is to make sure the information is accurate and reliable. If some details are missing the information may not be accurate. For example, to understand data about Indigenous people, states and territories need to collect information about their patients, including whether a person is Indigenous. Some states and territories (like SA, WA and the NT) reliably collect this information, but others (like the ACT and Tas) do not. This means that most information about the health of Indigenous people is only accurate for certain states and territories, but not for Australia as a whole. The information about the Indigenous population is getting better, but there are still limitations. To get a more detailed picture of Indigenous health (which includes details of the coverage of each health topic by states/territories), please refer to our Overview of Australian Indigenous health status (http://www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au/overviews).
To create a complete picture, all the information in this report should be looked at in the context of the 'social determinants of health', the term used to talk about factors that affect people's lives, including their health [1][2][3].
The social determinants of health include if a person:
Social determinants that are particularly important to many Indigenous people are:
If a person feels safe, has a job that earns enough money, and feels connected to their family and friends, they will generally be healthier. Indigenous people are generally worse off than non-Indigenous people when it comes to the social determinants of health [1].
A lot of health services are not as accessible and user-friendly for Indigenous people as they are for non-Indigenous people, adding to higher levels of disadvantage. Sometimes this is because more Indigenous people than non-Indigenous live in remote locations and not all health services are offered outside of cities. Sometimes health services are not culturally appropriate (do not consider Indigenous culture and the specific needs of Indigenous people). Also, some Indigenous people may not be able to use some services because they are too expensive.
What makes health services more accessible for Indigenous people?:
More detailed information about the health of Indigenous peoples, associated social and economic circumstances, and risk and protective factors, is available from the HealthInfoNet's web resource (www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au).
Based on information from the 2011 Census, the ABS estimates that there were 669,736 Indigenous people living in Australia in 2011 [4]. NSW had the largest number of Indigenous people, and the NT had the highest percentage of Indigenous people. Indigenous people made up 3.0% of the total Australian population. For more details on the Indigenous population in each state and territory see the table below.
|Number of Indigenous people
|Proportion (%) of Indigenous population living in that state/territory
|Proportion (%) of state/territory population that are Indigenous
|Source: ABS, 2012 [4]
The number of Indigenous people counted in the 2011 Census was much higher than the number counted in the 2006 Census [5]. This could be explained by a number of factors:
In 2011, 90% of Indigenous people identified as Aboriginal, 6% identified as Torres Strait Islanders, and 4% identified as both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander [6].
In 2011, around one-third of Indigenous people lived in major cities [6].
The Indigenous population is much younger overall than the non-Indigenous population [4]. In 2011, more than one-third of Indigenous people were aged less than 15 years, compared with one-fifth of non-Indigenous people [7][8]. Almost 4% of Indigenous people were aged 65 years or over, compared with 14% of non-Indigenous people. Figure 1 shows a comparison of the age profiles of the Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations.
Figure 1. Population pyramid of Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations, 2011
Source: ABS, 2012 [4]
In 2011, there were 17,621 births registered in Australia where one or both parents were Indigenous (six out of every 100 births) [9]. Overall, Indigenous women had more children and had them at younger ages than did non-Indigenous women.
Indigenous women had, on average, 2.7 births in their lifetime (compared with 1.9 births for all Australian women) [9]. Around three-quarters of Indigenous mothers were 30 years or younger when they had their babies, compared with less than one-half of all mothers. About 19 in 100 Indigenous mothers were teenagers, compared with 4 in 100 of all Australian mothers.
In 2010, babies born to Indigenous women on average weighed almost 200 grams less than those born to non-Indigenous women [10]. Babies born to Indigenous women were twice as likely to be of low birthweight (less than 2,500 grams) than were those born to non-Indigenous women. Low birthweight can increase the risk of a child developing health problems.
One way of looking at how common a disease is in a population is by calculating a 'rate'. A rate is the number of cases of a disease divided by the population, for a specific amount of time. By calculating rates, you can compare how common a disease is in different populations (like Indigenous and non-Indigenous people) or between sexes (men and women). You can also calculate rates for deaths, which lets you compare the number of deaths in two different populations.
There is a special calculation for 'infant mortality rates'. To calculate this rate, the number of infants (children under one year of age) who died in one calendar year is divided by the number of live births in the same year.
Indigenous people are much more likely than non-Indigenous people to die before they are old [11][12]. The most recent estimates from the ABS show that an Indigenous male born in 2005-2007 was likely to live to 67.2 years, about 11.5 years less than a non-Indigenous male (who could expect to live to 78.7 years) (Figure 2) [11]. An Indigenous female born in 2005-2007 was likely to live to 72.9 years, which is almost 10 years less than a non-Indigenous woman (82.6 years). (In 2010, the ABS changed the way it calculates Indigenous life expectancy, so recent estimates cannot be compared with older estimates.)
Figure 2. Expectations of life at birth for Indigenous and non-Indigenous males and females 2005-2007
Source: ABS, 2009 [11]
In 2011, there were 2,558 deaths registered to people identified as Indigenous [12]. Many Indigenous deaths are incorrectly counted as non-Indigenous because the person or family are not identified as Indigenous – the actual number of Indigenous deaths is not known, but would be higher than the number registered.
The leading causes of death in 2006-2010 for Indigenous people were:
Babies born to Indigenous women are more likely to die in their first year than those born to non-Indigenous women [12]. In 2009-2011, the infant mortality rate (see boxed information for details) for babies born to Indigenous women was highest in the NT (around 13 babies died for every 1,000 births) and lowest in NSW (less than five babies died for every 1,000 births). The rate for the total Australian population was around four deaths for every 1,000 births in 2011.
Many Indigenous people are affected by cardiovascular disease (CVD), a group of diseases affecting the heart and circulatory system [14]. The most common types of CVD are coronary heart disease (including heart attack), stroke, heart failure, and high blood pressure. Risk factors (a behaviour or characteristic that makes it more likely for a person to get a disease) for CVD include: smoking tobacco, not eating well, and having diabetes.
In the 2004-2005 National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), almost one-in-eight Indigenous people reported having a long-term heart or related condition [15]. Heart and related conditions were around 1.3 times more common for Indigenous people than for non-Indigenous people; high blood pressure (the most commonly reported condition) was reported 1.5 times more often by Indigenous people than by non-Indigenous people.
CVD was the most common cause of death for Indigenous people in 2006-2010 [13]. More than one-quarter of Indigenous deaths were from CVD. Deaths from CVD happened almost twice as often for Indigenous people as for non-Indigenous people. Indigenous people were much more likely to die from CVD than other Australians at any age, but particularly in younger age-groups [16].
In 2006-2010, coronary heart disease caused more than one-half of CVD-related deaths; heart attacks were responsible for one-in-five CVD-related deaths [13]. Strokes caused around one-in-nine deaths from CVD of Indigenous men and around one-in-six of those of Indigenous women.
Cancer is a disease of the body's cells (the basic building blocks of the body) [17]. Normally cells multiply and grow in an ordered way, but sometimes the genetic blueprint (DNA) of cells is damaged and uncontrolled growth can occur; this is cancer. Cancer can occur almost anywhere in the body. Cancer cells are 'benign' if they do not spread into surrounding areas or to different parts of the body, and are not generally dangerous. If cancer cells spread into surrounding areas, or to different parts of the body (metastasise), they are known as 'malignant'. Malignant cancers can cause illness and death.
In 2004-2008, the overall rate of new cases (incidence rate) of cancer was slightly higher for Indigenous people than for non-Indigenous people [18]. Incidence rates vary depending on the type of cancer. Indigenous people had higher incidence rates than did non-Indigenous people in 2004-2008 for:
Indigenous people had lower incidence rates than did non-Indigenous people in 2004-2008 for:
In 2006-2010, cancer was the second most common cause of death for Indigenous people [18]. The types of cancer that caused the most deaths among Indigenous people were lung cancer, cancer of 'unknown primary site', breast cancer (for women), and bowel cancer [19]. The likelihood of getting lung cancer increases when people smoke tobacco.
The fact that Indigenous people are more likely than non-Indigenous people to die from cancer could be because:
Diabetes is a condition where the body cannot properly process glucose (a type of sugar) [21]. Normally the body can convert glucose into energy with the help of a hormone called insulin. If someone has diabetes, their body's production of insulin is impaired. Without enough insulin the body cannot turn glucose into energy, and it stays in the blood. The treatment of diabetes depends on the type of diabetes that a person has – if someone has type 1 diabetes they will need insulin injections; if someone has type 2 diabetes they may be able to manage it by living a healthy lifestyle or taking some medicines. It is possible for a person to have type 2 diabetes without knowing it.
Diabetes is a major health problem for Indigenous people, but it is hard to know just how many Indigenous people have the disease. Diabetes was reported by 6% of Indigenous people in the 2004-2005 NATSIHS [15]. However, it is believed that only around one-half of Indigenous people with diabetes actually know they have it, so it has been estimated that between 10% and 30% of Indigenous people may have the condition [22][23].
According to the 2004-2005 NATSIHS, diabetes was more common for Indigenous people living in remote areas (9%) than for those living in non-remote areas (5%) [15]. Diabetes affects Indigenous people at a younger age than non-Indigenous people – it affects high numbers of Indigenous people over the age of 25 years, which is earlier than for non-Indigenous people (Figure 3). Overall, diabetes is more than three times more common among Indigenous people than among other Australians.
Deaths from diabetes were seven times more common for Indigenous people than for non-Indigenous people in 2006-2010 [13].
Figure 3. Proportions (%) of Indigenous and non-Indigenous people reporting diabetes as a long-term health condition, by age-group (years) 2004-2005
Source: ABS, 2006 [15]
Social and emotional wellbeing is a term used to talk about a person's overall social, emotional, psychological (mental), spiritual, and cultural wellbeing. Factors that are important to social and emotional wellbeing include a person's:
Social and emotional wellbeing is often confused with mental health, but it is much broader: social and emotional wellbeing is concerned with the overall wellbeing of the person. On the other hand, mental health describes how a person thinks and feels, and how they cope with and take part in everyday life. It is often seen, incorrectly, as simply the absence of a mental illness.
Many things can influence a person's social and emotional wellbeing, including:
Measuring social and emotional wellbeing is difficult, but it usually relies on self-reported feelings (like happiness or calmness) or 'stressors' (stressful events in a person's life).
The 2008 National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Survey (NATSISS) collected information on positive wellbeing and asked people to report on feelings of happiness, calmness and peacefulness, fullness of life, and energy levels. The survey found that most (nine-out-of-ten) Indigenous people felt happy some, most, or all of the time [25]. Around four-out-of-five Indigenous people reported feeling calm and peaceful, full of life, and that they had a lot of energy some, most, or all of the time.
Similar information has not been collected from non-Indigenous people, so there is no way to compare Indigenous and non-Indigenous people's positive wellbeing. It is likely, however, that Indigenous people would report lower levels of social and emotional wellbeing overall because they experience higher levels of psychological distress and more stressors when compared with non-Indigenous people [16][26].
The 2008 NATSISS and the 2007-2008 National Health Survey (NHS) found that Indigenous adults were two-and-a-half times more likely to feel high or very high levels of psychological distress than were non-Indigenous adults [25].
Indigenous people may have higher levels of psychological distress because they experience more stressors than do non-Indigenous people. The 2008 NATSISS found that almost eight-out-of-ten Indigenous people experienced one or more significant stressors in the year before the survey interview [16]; this compared with six-out-of-ten for the total population [26].
Compared with the stressors reported by the general population in the 2010 General Social Survey (GSS), many more Indigenous people reported stressors like: the death of a family member or friend; alcohol or drug related problems; trouble with the police; and witness to violence (Figure 4) [16]. Almost one-in-five Indigenous people also reported that either themselves, a family member, or friend had been sent to jail in the previous 12 months, but this stressor was not reported by the general population.
Figure 4. Proportion (%) of Indigenous and non-Indigenous people who experienced stressor(s), by type of stressor, 2008 and 2010
Source: AIHW, 2011 [16], ABS, 2011 [26]
In 2010-11, Indigenous people were more than twice as likely to be hospitalised for 'mental and behavioural disorders' than were other Australians ('mental and behavioural disorders' occur when a person becomes unwell in the mind and experiences changes in their thinking, feelings, and/or behaviour that affects their day-to-day life) [27].
In 2005-2009, there were 268 Indigenous deaths from 'mental and behavioural disorders' [25]. Compared with the non-Indigenous population, Indigenous people were nearly twice as likely to die from these disorders.
Deaths from 'mental and behavioural disorders' do not include deaths from 'intentional self-harm' (suicide). In 2010, Indigenous people were two-and-a-half times more likely to die from 'intentional self-harm' than were non-Indigenous people [28]. Deaths from intentional self-harm are especially high for Indigenous people aged 34 years or younger, with Indigenous males at a very high risk of death from 'intentional self-harm'.
The most detailed information on the social and emotional wellbeing of Indigenous children comes from the Western Australian Aboriginal Child Health Survey (WAACHS). This survey found that almost one-quarter of Indigenous children and young people were rated by their carer (parent or guardian) as being at high risk of 'clinically significant emotional or behavioural difficulties' (emotional or behavioural problems that affect a person's day-to-day life); this compares with one-in-seven children for the general WA population [29].
Indigenous children whose carers had been forcibly separated (taken away) from their families were at high risk of having 'clinically significant emotional or behavioural difficulties', more than twice the risk of children whose carer had not been forcibly separated [29]. These children also had twice the rates of alcohol and other drug use.
The WAACHS also found that seven-out-of-ten Indigenous children were living in families that had experienced three or more major life stress events (like a death in the family, serious illness, family breakdown, financial problems, or arrest) in the year before the survey, and one-in-five had experienced seven or more major stress events [29].
Healthy kidneys help the body by removing waste and extra water, and keeping the blood clean and chemically balanced [30]. When the kidneys stop working properly – as is the case when someone has kidney disease – 'waste' can build up in the blood and damage the body. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is when the kidneys gradually stop working [31]. End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is when the kidneys have totally or almost totally stopped working. People with ESKD must either have regular dialysis (be hooked up to a machine that filters the blood) or have a kidney transplant to stay alive.
Kidney disease is a serious health problem for many Indigenous people. In 2006-2010, ESKD was seven times more common for Indigenous people than for non-Indigenous people (Derived from [32][33][34][35]).
ESKD affects Indigenous people when they are much younger than it does among non-Indigenous people. Almost two-thirds of Indigenous people diagnosed with ESKD in 2006-2010 were younger than 55 years of age (less than one-third of non-Indigenous people were younger than 55 years of age) (Figure 5) (Derived from [32][33][34][35]).
The rates of ESKD were highest for Indigenous people living in the NT (20 times higher for Indigenous people than non-Indigenous people) and WA (11 times higher) (Derived from [32][33][34][35]).
Figure 5. Rates (per million) of end-stage kidney disease for Indigenous and non-Indigenous people, by age-group (years) 2006-2010
Source: Derived from ANZDATA, 2011 [35], ABS, 2008 [32], ABS, 2001 [33], ABS, 2009 [34] Note: These rates show how many Indigenous and non-Indigenous people had ESKD per million. This means, for example, that for every 1 million Indigenous people aged 55-64 years, just over 2,000 had ESKD in 2006-2010.
Dialysis was the most common reason for Indigenous people to be admitted to hospital in 2010-11 [27]. Almost one-half of all Indigenous hospital admissions were for dialysis. Indigenous people were admitted to hospital for dialysis around 11 times more often than were other Australians.
Some people need to have dialysis every day. Dialysis can be undertaken at hospitals, special out-of-hospital satellite units, or in the home (which requires special equipment and training for the patient and their carer(s), and is very costly) [36]. Accessing dialysis can sometimes be very difficult for Indigenous people who live in rural or remote locations and they may have to travel to receive treatment.
In 2006-2010, Indigenous people were four times more likely to die from kidney disease than were non-Indigenous people [13].
Injury generally refers to physical harm to a person's body [37] including:
Culture and everyday life situations for Indigenous people can affect the types of injuries and the frequency of injuries experienced. Some factors that can increase the risk of injury include:
Indigenous people were twice as likely as other Australians to be admitted to hospital for injuries in 2010-11 [27]. Injury was the second most common reason for Indigenous hospital admissions (after dialysis). The main causes of Indigenous injury-related hospital admissions in 2010-11 were 'medical complications', assault, and falls [40].
In 2010, injury was the third most common cause of death for Indigenous people [41]. The most common causes of injury-related death for Indigenous people were suicide and transport accidents. Indigenous people were more than twice as likely as non-Indigenous people to die from suicide and almost three times as likely to die from traffic accidents.
The respiratory system includes all the parts of the body involved with breathing, including the nose, throat, larynx (voice box), trachea (windpipe), and lungs [42]. Respiratory disease occurs if any of these parts of the body are damaged or diseased and breathing is affected. Common types of respiratory disease include colds and similar viral infections, asthma and pneumonia.
Risk factors for respiratory disease include: infections, smoking (including passive smoking, which is particularly bad for children), poor environmental conditions (especially areas that are dusty or have lots of pollen or pollution), poor living conditions, and other diseases (like diabetes, heart and kidney disease) [42].
Respiratory disease was reported by around one-quarter of Indigenous people in the 2004-2005 NATSIHS [15]. Respiratory problems were reported more often by Indigenous people living in non-remote areas (nearly one-third) than by those living in remote areas (nearly one-fifth).
Indigenous and non-Indigenous people had similar levels of most kinds of respiratory disease, but asthma (the condition most often reported by Indigenous people) was 1.6 times more common for Indigenous people in 2004-2005 [15].
In 2010-11, more than one-in-ten of all hospital admissions for Indigenous people were because of a respiratory condition (excluding hospital admissions for dialysis) [40]. Indigenous people were almost three times more likely than other Australians to be admitted into hospital for a respiratory condition.
In 2010, respiratory disease was the cause of 8% of Indigenous deaths [41]. Indigenous people were more than twice as likely as other Australians to die from a respiratory disease.
Having healthy eyes is important for everyday life; they are needed to read and study, play sports, drive, and work [43]. There are a number of problems that can affect the health of the eye [44]. The most common conditions are:
Eye problems are associated with: getting older, smoking, injuries, exposure to ultra-violet (UV) light from the sun, and not eating enough healthy food [44]. Eye health problems can result in low vision (not being able to see properly). This can be corrected with glasses, contact lenses or eye surgery. Eye health problems can result in impaired eyesight and blindness.
Many Indigenous people do not have access to specialised eye health services, including optometrists and ophthalmologists (specialist eye doctors) [45]. As a result, Indigenous people are more likely than non-Indigenous people to suffer from poor eye health that is preventable. In the 2004-2005 NATSIHS, eye and/or sight problems were reported by almost one-third of Indigenous people [15].
The 2008 National Indigenous Eye Health Survey (NIEHS) found that low vision was nearly three times more common for Indigenous adults than for other Australian adults [46]. Overall, 3% of Indigenous adults suffered vision loss caused by cataracts, but only 65% of Indigenous people who needed cataract surgery received it. Refractive error caused one-half of vision loss in both adults and children.
Diabetes, a major problem for Indigenous people, can cause eye disease and loss of vision. The 2008 NIEHS found that only one-in-five Indigenous people with diabetes had had an eye examination within the last year, and just over one-in-ten had sight problems [46].
According to the 2008 NIEHS, blindness was six times more common for Indigenous adults than for total population adults [46]. The main causes of blindness for Indigenous adults were:
For Indigenous children, the 2008 NIEHS found they had better vision than other children in Australia, especially in remote areas [46]. There were similar findings in the WAACHS [47]. The 2008 NATSISS found that almost one-in-ten Indigenous children had an eye or sight problem [48].
Ear health is very important for hearing, learning and balance [49]. If ears get damaged, people might:
There are a number of ear diseases, but the most common is called otitis media (OM) [49]. OM is an ear disease where the middle ear is affected by infection from bacteria or viruses. OM can be very painful and sometimes damages the ear drum and fluid can leak from the ear (known as 'runny ear'). In another type of OM, fluid builds up in the middle ear without damaging the ear drum ('glue ear'). Both types of OM can cause hearing loss. Ear disease is associated with people living in crowded homes (particularly with people who smoke), living in poor conditions, or having poor hygiene. Children who go to day-care centres are often more likely than others to get ear infections.
The 2008 NATSISS found that one-in-ten Indigenous children had ear or hearing problems [48]. In the 2004-2005 NATSIHS, ear/hearing problems were reported by one-in-eight Indigenous people (which was the same as for non-Indigenous people) [15].
Indigenous people, especially children and young adults, have more ear disease and hearing loss than do other Australians [49][50].
The 2004-2005 NATSIHS reported that OM was much more common for children than adults, and it was more common for Indigenous children than for non-Indigenous children [15]. OM was more common for Indigenous people living in remote areas (4%) than for those living in non-remote areas (2%). Indigenous people were three times more likely than non-Indigenous people to have had OM as a long-term health condition.
The 2004-2005 NATSIHS found that almost one-in-ten Indigenous people were partially or completely deaf [15]. Partial or complete deafness was more likely to affect Indigenous people than non-Indigenous people aged less than 55 years, but the rates were similar for Indigenous and non-Indigenous people aged 55 years and older.
The WAACHS found that almost one-in-five Indigenous children had recurring ear infections (ear infections that keep coming back) [47]. Young children (0-11 years) were more likely to have recurring ear infections than were older children (12-17 years). Hearing that wasn't normal was reported by their carers for 7% of Indigenous children. There is a strong link between recurring ear infections and abnormal hearing: 28% of children who had recurring ear infections with discharge (runny ears) also had abnormal hearing, compared with 1% of those without ear infections.
In the NT in 2007-2012, two-out-of-three Indigenous children who had child health checks with an ear, nose and throat examination had at least one middle ear condition [51]. For Indigenous children who had a follow-up hearing test, more than one-half had hearing loss in at least one ear.
Oral health is a term used to talk about the health of a person's teeth and gums [52]. If people have unhealthy teeth and gums they will probably have some pain; they may not be able to eat a variety of healthy foods or talk to other people comfortably. Two common oral health problems are caries and gum diseases. Caries is caused by bacteria that decay (break down) the enamel (hard outer part of the tooth); if caries is not treated the tooth will continue to decay and will eventually have to be removed. Caries is caused by eating a lot of sticky and sweet foods that let bacteria to grow and multiply. Gum disease (also known as periodontal disease) is caused by bacteria that attack the gums causing them to swell and bleed. If gum disease is not treated, the gums start to break down and the teeth will become loose because the gums won't be strong enough to hold them in place. Gum disease is caused by poor oral hygiene (poor care of the teeth and gums).
The oral health of Indigenous people is not as good as that of other Australians. The oral health of young non-Indigenous children has improved in recent years, but the oral health of young Indigenous children has generally worsened [53]. Indigenous children have more caries in their deciduous (baby) and permanent (adult) teeth than do non-Indigenous children, and their caries are often more severe. Indigenous children have more decayed, missing and filled teeth than do non-Indigenous children. In 2000-2003, Indigenous children also had more gingivitis (a mild form of periodontal disease) than did non-Indigenous children.
Indigenous adults had more than twice as much caries as non-Indigenous adults, and had three times the number of decayed surfaces, which often suggests poor access to timely dental care [54]. Indigenous adults also suffered from more periodontal disease than did non-Indigenous adults. More Indigenous adults than non-Indigenous adults suffered from edentulism (losing all of their teeth), especially at younger ages.
Disability may affect how a person moves around and looks after themselves, how they learn, or how they communicate [55][56]. There are a lot of different kinds of disability:
A disability that is severe and affects how a person is able to live their life is classified as a 'profound/severe core activity restriction' [57].
In 2008, one-half of Indigenous adults had some form of disability [57]. Around one-in-twelve Indigenous adults had a profound/severe core activity restriction.
Disability becomes more common as people get older [25]. In 2008, disability, including profound/severe core restrictions, were more common for Indigenous adults than non-Indigenous adults in every age-group (Figure 6), and a higher proportion of Indigenous adults required assistance with a core activity from a younger age. Overall, Indigenous adults were more than twice as likely as non-Indigenous adults to have a profound/severe core restriction [57].
Figure 6. Proportions (%) of Indigenous and non-Indigenous adults with a profound/severe core restriction, by age-group (years), Australia (non-remote areas), 2008
Source: SCRGSP, 2011 [25]
Communicable diseases are diseases that are passed from person to person either by direct contact with an infected person or indirectly, such as through contaminated (dirty/unclean) food or water. Another example of indirect transmission is when the disease is spread through the air, such as when an infected person coughs or sneezes and another person breathes in the air that contains the germ. Communicable diseases can be caused by:
Improvements to personal and environmental cleanliness, and the introduction of new immunisations (vaccines), have greatly reduced the number of people who catch some communicable diseases [59].
If a person contracts (catches/develops) certain communicable diseases (like tuberculosis), the disease must be 'notified'; this means that the information is collected by health authorities. Unfortunately, Indigenous status is often not reported in notifications. Only WA, SA, and the NT reliably identify Indigenous status in the notification of communicable diseases [60].
Recent information about communicable diseases include:
Tuberculosis: a lung infection caused by a bacterium that can trigger a range of symptoms, such as coughing, weight loss, and fever [61].
Hepatitis: an inflammation of the liver caused by viral infections, alcohol or other drugs, toxins, or an attack by the body's immune system on itself [67]).
Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib): a bacterium that can cause a range of illnesses, such as meningitis, septicaemia, and pneumonia [72]).
Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD): caused by a bacterium and can lead to several major health conditions, such as pneumonia and meningitis [74]).
Meningococcal disease: caused by a bacterium and can lead to meningitis, meningococcaemia without meningitis, and septic arthritis [74][77]) .
Sexually transmissible infections: caused by bacteria and viruses and can lead, if left untreated, to a range of health conditions, such as pelvic inflammatory disease (blocked tubes) in women [78][79]).
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus): an infection that destroys cells in the body's immune system [80]).
If a person eats healthy food they are more likely to be healthy [82]. A healthy diet includes:
Having access to healthy foods can be a challenge for some Indigenous people who live in remote locations because food that has to be shipped over long distances is not always available, or because fresh foods may be expensive [82].
The 2004-2005 NATSIHS found that most Indigenous people ate fruit (86%) and vegetables (95%) every day [15]. Around one-in-eight Indigenous people did not eat fruit everyday (compared to one-in-14 for non-Indigenous people) and around one-in-20 did not eat vegetables every day (compared with one-in-100 for non-Indigenous people). More Indigenous people living in non-remote areas ate fruits and vegetables daily than did those living in remote areas. This may be because fruit and vegetables are more available and less expensive in non-remote areas than in remote areas.
The 2004-2005 NATSIHS found that most Indigenous people drank whole milk, and only around one-in-six Indigenous people drank reduced fat or skim milk [15]. About one-half of Indigenous people usually added salt to their food after it was cooked.
Keeping physically active is important for staying healthy. Physical exercise is good for a person's social and emotional wellbeing and reduces the risks of heart problems, diabetes, and some cancers [83].
The 2008 NATSISS found that three-quarters of Indigenous children had been active for at least one hour on every day in the week before the survey [48]. Very few children (3%) did no physical activity the week before the survey.
For Indigenous adults, the 2008 NATSISS found that around one-third had taken part in physical activity or sport in the 12 months before the survey (Derived from [84]).
The most recent data that can compare the physical activity of Indigenous and non-Indigenous people is from the 2004-2005 NATSIHS. This survey found that more Indigenous people than non-Indigenous people were sedentary (had very little or no exercise) [16]. One-half of the Indigenous people in the survey reported that they were sedentary compared with one-third of non-Indigenous people (Figure 7). Around one-fifth of Indigenous people and one-third of non-Indigenous people had moderate or high levels of physical activity.
Figure 7. Proportions (%) of Indigenous and non-Indigenous people by levels of physical activity, Australia, 2004-2005
Source: AIHW, 2011 [16]
Smoking tobacco is a major cause of:
Passive smoking (breathing in another person's tobacco smoke) also contributes to poor health, particularly for children [85].
The proportion of Indigenous adults who smoke declined slightly between 1994 and 2008 (from 51% to 47%), but smoking was still more than twice as common among Indigenous adults than among non-Indigenous adults in 2008 [48]. There has been a reduction in the number of cigarettes smoked daily by Indigenous people between 1994 and 2008 [86]. According to the 2008 survey, two-out-of-three Indigenous current daily smokers had tried to quit in the previous year [57].
In 2008, around one-in-six Indigenous children 0-3 years and one-quarter of Indigenous children 4-14 years lived with someone who usually smoked inside the house [87][88]. Around one-quarter of Indigenous adults were living with someone who usually smoked inside the house [57].
Tobacco use was responsible for one-in-five deaths among Indigenous people in 2003 [89].
Drinking too much alcohol is associated with:
If a woman drinks alcohol when she is pregnant, the unborn child may be affected by foetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), the term used to describe the physical, behavioural, and learning problems caused by alcohol damage to the brain and other parts of the body of the unborn baby [91]. The 2008 NATSISS found that 80% of mothers of Indigenous children 0-3 years did not drink during pregnancy, and 16% drank less alcohol [16]. Only 3.3% drank the same amount or more alcohol during pregnancy.
Indigenous people are much more likely to not drink alcohol (abstain) than non-Indigenous people. The 2008 NATSISS found that more than one-third of Indigenous adults did not drink alcohol (compared with around one-in-eight of non-Indigenous adults) [92][93]. However, Indigenous people who drink alcohol are more likely to drink it at high-risk levels than non-Indigenous people. The 2008 NATSISS found that one-in-six Indigenous adults were drinking at high-risk levels for a long time ('chronic' risky/high-risk drinking), and one-third of Indigenous adults had reported drinking at high-risk levels over a short time (binge drinking) in the two weeks before they were interviewed [57].
In 2006-2010, alcohol was responsible for almost 400 deaths of Indigenous people [13]. Most of these deaths were from alcoholic liver disease.
Indigenous people in Australia are not as healthy as non-Indigenous people but there have been a number of improvements, including:
The reasons why the health of Indigenous people is worse than that of non-Indigenous people are complex, but represent a combination of general factors (like education, employment, income, and socioeconomic status) and factors having to do with the health sector (like not having access to culturally appropriate services or support).
Within the health sector, there is a need for:
The achievement of substantial health improvements for the Indigenous population will require the ongoing commitment by all Australian governments through the Council of Australian Governments (COAG) to 'closing the gap' in health and other disadvantages between Indigenous and other Australians.
In addressing the COAG 'closing the gap' commitments, the Australian and state and territory governments allocated $4.6 billion over four years to address early childhood development, health, housing, economic participation, and remote service delivery. COAG also achieved a number of supportive commitments by the corporate and community sectors.
The COAG commitments to date are encouraging, but 'closing the gaps' in health and other disadvantages will not be achieved in the short to medium-term. Achievement of the necessary improvements in the health and wellbeing of Indigenous people will depend largely on a long-term commitment by all Australian governments. This commitment will need to include strategies that fully address health services and the social and other factors that affect the health disadvantages faced by Indigenous people.
© Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet 2013
This product, excluding the Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet logo, artwork, and any material owned by a third party or protected by a trademark, has been released under a Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 3.0 (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0) licence. Excluded material owned by third parties may include, for example, design and layout, images obtained under licence from third parties and signatures.


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Posts Tagged 'Projectors'
Home Theater
Roku 3M Streaming Projector Costs Just $300, Includes Streaming Stick
We've long obsessed over the idea of buying a 120-inch big screen TV for our place. It's just too bad they don't make one of that size, at least at the consumer level. And let's not forget the cost, even at 75-inches is prohi...
B&H Photo Deals
Mitsubishi HC4000 DLP 1080p Projector – $1140 After New Savings
B&H Photo has a new reduced price for this Mitsubishi HC4000 DLP 1080p Projector! Project your world with supreme quality and effortlessly. This beefy projector from Mitsubishi is definitely not a cheap affair but you defin...
Agfa Projekta147 14MP Digital Camera with Built-In Projector – $240 + Free Handling
digitalsound_buy via ebay has a new discount on this Agfa Projekta147 14MP Digital Camera with Built-In Projector! We see a lot of cameras around here but there are few that truly stand out with uniqueness. This is definitely o...
B&H Photo Deals
Sanyo PLC-XW300 Multimedia Projector – $499 + $0 Handling
B&H Photo has a new discounted price on this Multimedia Projector from Sanyo! Add some projection to your life with this nifty projector which functions as a permanent projector or a portable one! This Santo PLC-XW300 Proje...
Sony Handycam HDR-PJ10 Digital Camcorder – $638 + Free Shipping
Best Price Electronics is offering a super discount on this Sony Handycam HDR-PJ10 Digital Camcorder for just $698 - $50 Instant Savings + Free Shipping = $638! Take your recording to a whole new level with this HD Camcorder at...
Amazon Deals
3M MPro150 Pocket Projector – $200 + Free Shipping
Amazon is offering a huge discount on this 3M MPro150 Pocket Projector which is now priced at $435 - $235.01 Instant Off + Free Shipping = $199.99! Today Only! If you want to share all sorts of media content from the palm of yo...
Dell S300 Short Throw 3D-Capable Projector – $700 + Free Shipping
Dell Small Biz is offering this Dell S300 Short Throw 3D-Capable Projector for just $769 - $70 coupon (S81ZWXJS$QB?DN) + free ship = $699! The projector goes up to 2200 ANSI lumens at a 720p HD resolution, and is 3D-capable. CO...
Dell 4610X Wireless Plus Mainstream Projector – $1000 + Free Ship
Dell Small Biz is offering this Dell 4610X Wireless Plus Mainstream Projector for just $1,099 - $100 coupon (R3ZF75JV22S7W3) + free ship = $1099! This wireless projector can connect to multiple sources and features 4-way split ...
Sony VPL-BW7 Home Cinema Projector – $430 (massive discount)
This deal won't last because it is such a good deal on the Sony VPL-BW7 Home Cinema Projector. Features includes the following: 1280x800 resolution (HD), 2,000 lumens, HDMI output and remote. Dell has it for (more…)
Amazon Deals
Optoma HD700X 720P Home Theater Projector – $414 + free shipping
Amazon sells the Optoma HD700X 720P Home Theater Projector for $649.99 - $235.70 instant discount + free shipping = $414.29! This projector produces a 720p HD resolution, 3000:1 contrast ratio, 1300 lumens and has HDMI 1.3V co...
Amazon Deals
Epson (V11H257220) MovieMate 72 High Definition Projector – $680
TODAY ONLY, Amazon has their daily deal for the Epson (V11H257220) MovieMate 72 High Definition Projector for $679.99 with free shipping, a savings of $520. This projector has a 720p resolution, 1200 ANSI lumens brightness, is ...
Epson EX21 Multimedia Projector – $405 + Free Shipping
COUPON EXPIRES 6/30. This is an excellent deal on the Epson EX21 Multimedia Projector. It's got SVGA 800x600 resolution, 2200 Lumens brightness, and D-Sub, S-Video, Composite, and Component inputs. Newegg has it for (more…)

subset: commoncrawl


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Washington brought us its own world of drama with the 2012 election. But, as always, Hollywood provided a whirlwind of break-ups and scandals. It's the year-end entertainment wrap-up on Wednesday's Entertainment Fix!JUST CLICK ON THE VIDEO ABOVE TO VIEW THIS STORY AND MORE!
1551 Briarcliff Rd., NEAtlanta, GA 30306Main Number: (404) 875-5555News Tips: (404) 898-0100


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CINCINNATi, OHIO (LEARFIELD-WSAU) Packers' coach Mike McCarthy says he'll decide tomorrow whether running back Eddie Lacy can play on Sunday at Cincinnati. Lacy suffered a concussion last weekend, and he's been going through the league's protocol for being tested before he can return to the field. Lacy is officially listed at questionable, meaning there's a 50-50 chance he'll play against Cincy.
Also, starting safety Morgan Burnett has again been ruled out for Sunday. He has not played a down in the regular season yet, with a hamstring injury suffered in the pre-season. Corner Casey Hayward, also with a bad hamstring, was ruled out on Wednesday.
Fullback John Kuhn is listed as doubtful with the hamstring injury he suffered five days ago against the Redskins. That means there's only a 25-percent chance he'll play.
Corner Tramon Williams was added to the injury report today with an injured groin. He's listed as probable along with tight end Jermichael Finley, defensive tackle Johnny Jolly, and guard T-J Lang.
Jolly has a neck problem. Lang hurt his back late in the week. Both the Packers and Bengals are 1-and-1 going into Sunday's contest at Paul Brown Stadium.


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Render iOS charts with hundreds of thousands of data points that are capable of millisecond updates - sparing nothing to achieve lightning speed. Enable heavy-duty iPad data visualization and analysis on large volumes of data with more than 40 different chart types, including Scientific and Financial Series, a new Pie Chart, and a Radial Gauge. Support for the Motion Framework within the Data Chart control allows you to build highly engaging visualizations and provides smooth playback of changes in data over time, giving life to data through fluid animations.
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For extensions from Glenburn into Sikkim, we recommend some delightful home stays, where we often send our guests. You can have a look at their websites, and we know all the hosts personally so your guests will be well looked after. None of these places offer fancy facilities but we have chosen them for their locations, and the warmth and hospitality of the host families running the place. Rooms are fairly basic, but clean and comfortable, with hot water from electric geysers in each bathroom. The food is always home cooked and local, and very tasty indeed.
Please note that Sikkim is very cold during the months of December, January and February, and due to the very basic facilities offered in most homestays we would not recommend visiting during these months.
Yangsum Farm:
A working farm in Rinchenpong in West Sikkim, run by a lovely brother and sister team. 6 rooms only. Fantastic views of Kanchenjunga, great food, amazing walking country and a few lovely local monasteries. It is also just an hour out of Pelling so people can visit Pemayangtse for the day rather than staying in town. A 3 and a half hour drive from Glenburn.
The Hidden Forest Retreat, Gangtok:
An orchid nursery, in Gangtok this time, run by the Lachungpa family who are also experts in orchid farming. Mr Lachungpa worked in the Sikkim Forest Department for years, and is still very active in local politics and forest activities. Check for the orchid flowering season - generally March to May. A three hour drive from Glenburn.
The Bamboo Resort, Rumtek:
Situated a half hour out of Gangtok, and very close to the famous Rumtek Monastery, this home stay is run by a Swiss lady married to a Sikkimese gentleman. Ideal for people who want to visit Gangtok but don't want to be stuck in the middle of town. Very scenic, with local walks and of course great access to Rumtek. A three hour drive from Glenburn.


text: 'Gorilla arm syndrome' rules out notebook touchscreen displays Technology 22 October 10 by Tim Carmody Tweet Apple's new MacBook Air borrows a lot of things from the iPad, including hyperportability and instant-on flash storage. But the Air won't use an iPad-like touchscreen. Neither will any of Apple's laptops. That's because of what designers call "gorilla arm."And while Apple points to its own research on this problem, it's a widely recognised issue that touchscreen researchers have known about for decades."We've done tons of user testing on this," Steve Jobs said in Wednesday's press conference, "and it turns out it doesn't work. Touch surfaces don't want to be vertical. It gives great demo, but after a short period of time you start to fatigue, and after an extended period of time, your arm wants to fall off."This why Jobs says Apple's invested heavily in developing multitouch recognition for its trackpads, both for its laptops, on its current-generation Mighty Mouse and on its new standalone Magic Trackpad.Avi Greengart of Current Analysis agrees it's a smart move, borne out of wisdom gathered from watching mobile and desktop users at work."Touchscreen on the display is ergonomically terrible for longer interactions," he says. "So, while touchscreens are popular, Apple clearly took what works and is being judicious on how they are taking ideas from the mobile space to the desktop."But Apple didn't have to do its own user testing. They didn't even have to look at the success or failure of existing touchscreens in the PC marketplace. Researchers have documented usability problems with vertical touch surfaces for decades."Gorilla arm" is a term engineers coined about 30 years ago to describe what happens when people try to use these interfaces for an extended period of time. It's the touchscreen equivalent of carpal-tunnel syndrome. According to the New Hacker's Dictionary, "the arm begins to feel sore, cramped and oversized -- the operator looks like a gorilla while using the touchscreen and feels like one afterwards."According to the NHD, the phenomenon is so well-known that it's become a stock phrase and cautionary tale well beyond touchscreens: "'Remember the gorilla arm!' is shorthand for 'How is this going to fly in real use?'." You find references to the "gorilla-arm effect" or "gorilla-arm syndrome" again and again in the scholarly literature on UI research and ergonomics, too.There are other problems with incorporating touch gestures on laptops, regardless of their orientation. Particularly for a laptop as light as the MacBook Air, continually touching and pressing the screen could tip it over, or at least make it wobble. This is one reason I dislike using touchscreen buttons on cameras and camera phones -- without a firm grip, you introduce just the right amount of shake to ruin a photo.Touchscreens work for extended use on tablets, smartphones and some e-readers because you can grip the screen firmly with both hands, and you have the freedom to shift between horizontal, vertical and diagonal orientations as needed.On a tablet or smartphone, too, the typing surface and touch surface are almost always on the same plane. Moving back and forth between horizontal typing and vertical multitouch could be as awkward as doing everything on a vertical screen.This doesn't mean that anything other than a multitouch trackpad won't work. As Microsoft Principal Researcher (and multitouch innovator) Bill Buxton says, "Everything is best for something and worst for something else."We've already seen vertical touchscreens and other interfaces working well when used in short bursts: retail or banking kiosks, digital whiteboards and some technical interfaces. And touchscreen computing is already well-implemented in non-mobile horizontal interfaces, like Microsoft's Surface. Diagonalised touchscreen surfaces modelled on an architect's drafting table like Microsoft's DigiDesk concept are also very promising.In the near future, we'll see even more robust implementations of touch and gestural interfaces. But it's much more complex than just slapping a capacitive touchscreen, however popular they've become, into a popular device and hoping that they'll work together like magic. Design at this scale, with these stakes, requires close and careful attention to the human body -- not just arms, but eyes, hands and posture -- and to the context in which devices are used in order to find the best solution in each case. Edited by Olivia Solon Comments One important bit to mention: Apple has filed a patent that shows an iMac with flexible screen orientation, allowing it to be used as a standard vertical display, or a horizontal touch screen. This could be the way to go for them, giving people the option depending on the situation, without risking "gorilla arms". Sven Oct 22nd 2010 Reply to a comment Name Email Comment Submit » Read more on Apple Maker of the iPhone, Mac, iPad, iPod and birthplace of everything iTunes and iCloud Nate Lanxon's Blog iPhone 6 and 6 Plus: hands-on with Apple's bigger bets Nate Lanxon's Blog Apple Watch: hands-on with Cupertino's timepiece Technology Apple unveils iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus Business What to expect from today's big Apple event Technology Intel's new processor eliminates fans and passwords Technology Withings' Home monitors abodes in HD with Apple HomeKit Read more on Mac Apple's line of desktop and laptop computers running the OS X operating system Technology Apple's radically redesigned Mac Pro goes on sale Technology Light on old MacBook webcams can be bypassed Technology Meet the Hackney-based 'MacSmith' who lovingly restores Apple products Nate Lanxon's Blog As laptop SSDs hit 1TB in capacity, we see whether they're worth the cash Gaming BioShock Infinite gets Mac release date Culture Your MacBook has a force field. This is what it looks like Read more on iPad Everything you need to know about the iPad and the iPad 2, from news to reviews to features Technology Apple's confirmed 9 Sep event may be a massive one Gaming Osmo iPad peripheral makes augmented reality fun again Technology Attachable knobs for iPads are music to bedroom DJs' ears Technology Play tabletop games on your iPad screen with this app Finance Apple's Q2 earnings show iPad fever fading Technology Lego robot plays freemium iPad games while creator sleeps Latest on wired.co.uk


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-- Robert Preidt
TUESDAY, June 28 (HealthDay News) -- Cancer patients taking the
drugs sunitinib and sorafenib respond to the flu vaccine, which
suggests that the drugs don't cause as much damage to the immune
system as previously believed, researchers say.
The small study included 40 volunteers in the Netherlands,
including 16 who were treated with sunitinib and six who were
treated with sorafenib. Seven patients with metastatic renal cell
(kidney) cancer received neither drug, nor did 11 healthy
When given a flu vaccine, all of the cancer patients had an
antibody response similar to that of the healthy participants.
The study appears in the current issue of the journal
Clinical Cancer Research.
"The exact incidence of influenza in patients with cancer is not known, however, it is definitely higher than in the general population," study leader Dr. Carla van Herpen, a medical oncologist at the Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, said in a journal news release. "Managing these patients with the flu vaccine would improve their quality of life."
The findings have implications beyond reducing cancer patients'
risk of flu, according to Dr. Keith Flaherty, director of
developmental therapeutics at Massachusetts General Hospital and a
senior editor of
Clinical Cancer Research.
"The damage that chemotherapy does to normal, healthy cells as it treats cancer has been well documented, but the precise effect that the new class of targeted agents has on the immune system is less well known. This study helps us answer that question," he said in the news release.
More information
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has more
cancer and the
Please be aware that this information is provided to supplement the care provided by your physician. It is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. CALL YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
Copyright © EBSCO Publishing. All rights reserved.


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The Future of Coal Today
Reuben is a member of The Motley Fool Blog Network -- entries represent the personal opinion of the blogger and are not formally edited.
Coal, one of this country's most abundant fuels, is increasingly being targeted as a dirty fuel. That doesn't have to be the case because the technology to "clean" coal exists today. General Electric (NYSE: GE) and Siemens (NYSE: SI) both build it, and Southern Company (NYSE: SO) and Duke (NYSE: DUK) are set to use it.
A Dirty Fuel
Coal fuels around 40% of this country's electric generation. The problem is that burning coal emits numerous pollutants. As we've increasingly recognized the impact of our actions on the environment, coal's image has, justifiably, suffered. However, some of the plants now in use are more than 50 years old. We've made a few technological advances over the last half century or so.
Cleaning up its Act
In fact, the technology to clean coal is available today. It isn't cheap, but a few companies are building integrated gasification combined cycle coal plants. This system turns coal into a gas and then removes pollutants like sulfur and mercury, among others. The clean gas is then used to fuel a turbine to produce electricity. Heat from the process is also used to drive a steam turbine to make even more electricity. Carbon dioxide can be captured after the burning process.
This is the type of plant Duke has just turned on. It claims it will produce ten times the electricity as the coal plant it replaces and 70% fewer emissions. That shows how clean and efficient coal can be if companies use technology to limit emissions.
This plant should allow Duke to keep low-cost coal as a viable fuel option. That's particularly notable as natural gas prices have increased off of their historic lows. In fact, the price rise so far this year has led to a decrease in the the use of gas and an increase in coal. If switching to coal weren't an option, consumers would ultimately pay the price through higher electric bills.
Duke is one of the largest utilities in the United States, serving around 7.2 million customers in six states. The company just went through a somewhat troubled merger with Progress Energy, costing nearly $14 billion, which led to the retirement of Duke's CEO.
The shares yield around 4.6%, the dividend has been increased annually since 2007, and the top and bottom lines look set for slow but steady growth. The new coal plant should help keep fuel costs low, which will help long-term performance. Income investors should take a look.
Costly Upgrades
Duke's new coal plant costs more than originally planned and all of the costs couldn't be passed on to customers. Shareholders indirectly pay any costs that don't get paid by customers in the form of slower earnings and dividend growth. That's a big issue to watch, since clean coal technology is expensive.
Southern Company is building a similar coal power plant that has also seen cost overruns. It isn't complete, so there's no telling how much it will cost or how much of that cost Southern will be allowed to pass on to customers.
Still, keeping its energy options open will be a long-term benefit for Southern and will likely make the expense well worth the effort. It is also one of two U.S. utilities currently building new nuclear power plants. Clearly, the company is keeping up with technological change.
Southern serves around 4.4 million customers across four states. The shares recently yielded around 4.6%, backed by over a decade of annual dividend increases. It is a good option for conservative income investors.
The Makers
As more coal gasification plants get built, the easier it will be to figure out their true costs and avoid overruns. Higher natural gas prices will only increase the economic viability of such projects. That will benefit General Electric and Siemens, both of which offer coal gasification technology. Although not the main business at either company, power is a key business for each.
GE is probably the better option for investors. Since taking a government bailout and cutting its dividend during the 2007 to 2009 recession, it has refocused around its industrial core. That's been a slow process, but earnings and dividends have headed higher over the last three years. GE shares recently yielded around 3.2% and remain well off their pre-recession highs. There's plenty of upside potential.
Siemens, meanwhile, is a roughly similar industrial giant based out of Europe. While the company didn't face the same financial difficulties as GE during the recession, its exposure to economically troubled Europe remains a drag. Additionally, the company's profit margins aren't as robust as GE's.
Siemens is restructuring to bring costs down. Over the next few years that should help improve margins and support earnings growth. The shares yield around 2.8%, but don't have as much long-term appeal as GE.
Fixing Coal
The technology to clean coal is here today. It isn't cheap, but keeping coal as a fuel option is vital to keeping electric costs contained. Southern and Duke are ahead of the curve on building the coal plants of the future and should ultimately benefit from their willingness to take risks. GE and Siemens, meanwhile, will benefit as new coal plants are built using this technology both domestically and abroad, where the use of coal isn't frowned upon.
If you're on the lookout for some currently intriguing energy plays, check out The Motley Fool's "3 Stocks for $100 Oil." For FREE access to this special report, simply click here now.
Reuben Brewer has no position in any stocks mentioned. The Motley Fool recommends Southern Company. The Motley Fool owns shares of General Electric Company. Try any of our Foolish newsletter services free for 30 days. We Fools may not all hold the same opinions, but we all believe that considering a diverse range of insights makes us better investors. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy. Is this post wrong? Click here. Think you can do better? Join us and write your own!


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Lunenburg County Chamber of Commerce consists of merchants, business
professionals, civic leaders and residents who desire to enhance the economic opportunities in Lunenburg County. Members
also share an interest in maintaining the unique appeal of Lunenburg
County as it continues to promote positive economic growth.
"Autumn Days" will be held in Victoria on Saturday, October 4th
Food Vendor Application | Non Food Vendor Application
Nominations for Business of the Year & Citizen of the Year


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Elite Sleep of Tulsa © 2013, All Rights Reserved
Organic. For Everyone. Free from harmful chemicals, there's an organic mattress
for everyone in the family.
Store Hours
Mon - Thu: 12:00 am - 6:00 pm
Fri - Sat: 12:00 am - 8:00 pm
Closed Sunday
9908 Riverside Parkway, Tulsa Oklahoma
Elite SLEEP
Sleep Healthy Live Longer


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I'm a big fan of Halo and old movies. No, I don't think I'll ever grow up.
Jeff Sterling-Duval is my best friend, my rock, the love of my life. I don't know where I'd be without him. I know that no matter what happens, I'll always be happy, safe, and loved because I have him in my life. He is the best thing that's ever been mine.
I have my cuddle bunny. Now I just need my cuddle husband.
j—sterling-duval: So are you.
Shhhh. Babe. You're sexy, okay?


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Hostel Helvetia
Real Reviews
Real reviews from fellow travellers
These are trusted reviews from guests who have actually stayed here. We hope you find them helpful.
Note: we only give a property a rating once it has received a minimum of 3 reviews.
- Page:1/1
- " "Maja&Nice" sisters you are really special energetic "majas" twins... "
- 07 Jul 2014 JOSU Spain
- " Loved it here. It was always clean and the staff was extremely helpful. "
- 07 Jan 2014 Katherine USA
- " Great location and kind staffs! It would be perfect if it had more toilet and private shower :) "
- 29 Dec 2013 Anonymous South Korea


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Dr. Mark Doggett
Associate Professor
Office: Environmental Science & Tech 221
Phone: 270-745-6951
Email: email@example.com
Website: http://people.wku.edu/mark.doggett/
Mark Doggett is an Associate Professor and the Coordinator for the Master of Science Degree in Engineering Technology Management at Western Kentucky University. His interests are in the area of technology management practices, lean, theory of constraints, quality, and systems thinking. His research includes various decision-making and problem-solving strategies, and the development of distance learning approaches. His areas of expertise include leadership, process management, and manufacturing technology with over 20 years of experience in business and industry. Doggett received his doctorate at Colorado State University and B.S. and M.S. degrees in Industrial Technology from California State University Fresno.
Undergraduate Courses: Introduction to Technology, Introduction to CNC, Materials Science, Introduction to Supply Chain Management, Industrial Statistics, Lean Manufacturing, Quality Assurance, Systems Design and Operation, Project Management, Senior Research, and Robotics & Machine Vision
Graduate Courses: Legal and Ethical Issues in Technology, Research Methods in Technology, Resource Management, Quality Management, Supply Chain Management, Project Management, Theory of Constraints,Thesis, Graduate Project, Product Development, Operation Leadership, and Lean Systems.
Technical Leadership, Decision-Models, Problem Solving, Medical Technology, Management of Technology, Materials and Processes, Manufacturing Systems, Distance Education
What is Technology Management? (1:01) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GURGZJhCw5A
Dr. Dogget has over 20 years of professional experience. Areas of concentration include manufacturing, engineering, administration, and education.
Currently specializing in the development and delivery of applied engineering/technology management education using multi-media and web-based applications. Specialties:
Lean manufacturing, Theory of Constraints, Distance education, Industrial and manufacturing engineering.
For a listing of published works, visit http://works.bepress.com/mark_doggett/


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We have another "Grand Opening Event" going down this Sat. 12/10 in Green Bay, WI at our new Bay Park Square Mall store, doors open @ 10am! 1st 100 customers get a FREE Tilly's $10-$100 Gift Card + VANS Giveaway, meet Green Bay Packers #24 Jarrett Bush from 2-4pm, Enter To Win an "MVP Tailgate Party & Tickets to the Packers vs. Lions Game on Jan. 1st!" (enter at the store or tillys.com/greenbay) & 95.9 KISS FM on site with Jingle Ball Ticket Giveaway...
1st 100 customers get these VANS goodies!
Go Packers!!!


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Edited by Skinnyjeans91, 14 August 2012 - 11:04 AM.
Are There Actual Alternatives For Acne.org Products?
Posted 14 August 2012 - 11:03 AM
Posted 14 August 2012 - 04:01 PM
Posted 14 August 2012 - 07:14 PM
Posted 15 August 2012 - 01:50 PM
You can pick up a set of the acne-free line if you want a comparable routine with store bought products. i find it funny that people want to follow his regimen but not his products. There's a saying that says anything worth doing is worth doing right.
Acne-Free is certainly not comparable to Dan's regimen, and such suggestions are unhelpful to those who are seeking information about the regimen.
Posted 15 August 2012 - 02:31 PM
Posted 15 August 2012 - 03:25 PM
No store products are comparable to Dan's products - that's the point. I think it's very helpful.
You said acne free line was comparable which it is not and then say in another post there are no comparable products. Huh?
Posted 15 August 2012 - 03:28 PM
Posted 15 August 2012 - 03:33 PM
Comparable routine... I never said comparable products.
what's the difference?
Posted 15 August 2012 - 04:47 PM
Posted 15 August 2012 - 04:48 PM
People want to do Dan's routine - i.e. follow his steps - but they don't want to buy the products that make his regimen work.
As the above poster noted, Eucerin would probably be my choice for a "store" brand. They used to have an acne line that was great. They discontinued it years ago. I've tried a couple of their moisturizers since then and wasn't as pleased, but I do believe Eucerin tries to put in less cloggers. I never tried Dan's new moisturizer. The old one was runny but didn't break me out.
I use Lumiplexion and have for over 20 years. I was fortunate to find it when I was going through acne and fortunate that her business went online when it came time for my daughters. The original name of the business was Acne Treatment Center. Not sure when the name changed, but it's been the same owner and same products since I was 19. Great, great stuff and all acne-friendly.
Edited by Ripon10, 15 August 2012 - 04:57 PM.
Posted 16 August 2012 - 11:16 AM
btw, acne-free products don't have a moisturizing component so they still aren't a comparable routine.
Edited by buckeye8084, 16 August 2012 - 11:18 AM.
Posted 16 August 2012 - 12:56 PM
Posted 17 August 2012 - 05:45 AM
Doesn't Dan have a $5 shipping plan for regular shipments?
Posted 19 August 2012 - 02:59 PM
The one thing I haven't been able to find was the gel based BP, only creams which is a bummer.
Posted 28 August 2012 - 03:08 AM
I cant afford it..
Posted 28 August 2012 - 12:17 PM
While we feel that Dan's products are exceptional and the best bang for your buck, you can get results with alternate products if you can find appropriate ones.
Posted 28 August 2012 - 04:24 PM
Posted 28 August 2012 - 05:35 PM
Posted 30 August 2012 - 11:26 AM
as for moisturizer i use Neutrogena - Oil free moisture- combination skin. best moisturizer i've ever use! won't clog pores and wont leave ur face dry and wrinkled.
hope this helps.. i was struggling to find alternatives for dan's product too in the beginning,i thought if i use other products than dan's it would be less effective and the result would be slow. But after been on the regimen for just 5 weeks, using these products, i'm proud to say tht i'm clear ! with just 1 cyst acne remaining(before tht i hv 3-4 and TONNESS of blackheads and whiteheads tht just kip on developing into big ones).
i'd say products DOES NOT play a big role for getting clear in this regimen, rather than your habit and attitude towards it. you can never get clear even if u hv the BEST products formulated in hand and u take it for granted. eg picking and skipping bp as you think tht products will do ALL the work for you. With tht i'd say you're just wasting ur money and time.
Posted 04 January 2013 - 12:16 PM


text:
Giant Glory Downhill Full Suspension
|(84 Reviews)
Product DescriptionWith 8 inches of fully active Maestro Suspension mated to a lightweight, super-strong ALUXX SL via a co-pivot shock mount, Glory is everything Hart-and you-need to tackle the most extreme DH conditions. A stout OverDrive headtube, which is tapered to offer optimal steering stiffness, and race-ready DH geometry give Glory its confidence-inspiring feel on the most aggressive terrain.
Review Options: Sorted by Latest Review | Sort by Best Rating
|Reviews 1 - 15 (84 Reviews Total)
|| Next 15
User Reviews
Date Reviewed: December 9, 2012
Strengths: This is for the stock 2010 glory 01. Frame has almost perfect geo (agile and short), the suspension is very very efficient, smooth and skims over rough stuff. Wheelset, running gear, forks and cockpit all uses mid range sram spec, but performs perfectly. I like sram over saint anyway. Jumps like a boss.
Weaknesses: Headset creaks if not greased regularly and the seals fall off when taking the fork off. Still works as intended.
Vivid 4.1 is pretty bad if not serviced by a suspension co. A Fox van rc would be better.
Although i think the stock HA is fine for most tracks, a lot people say an angleset or similar improves handling a lot. the back sun eq31 rim got a bit beat up but i replaced it with the exact same rim.
DH tubes that come stock make the bike feel pretty laggy and heavy. And michelin tyres aren't very confidence inspiring, just replace with Minions.
Bottom Line:
Expand full review >>
Bike Setup: Slightly stiffer suspension, fast rebound, high front end.
Date Reviewed: November 16, 2012
Strengths: Light (around 18Kg) cornering, suspension
Weaknesses: Cracked frame where the top tube meets the seat tube. Was replaced under warranty. Rims (dt swiss ex500) are narrow and designed for am so will not last. Standard cable routing is rubbish.
Bottom Line:
Date Reviewed: June 29, 2012
Strengths: "this review is for the frame only" excellent small and big bump suspension. pedals very well. easy to acces shock. frame weight is very low. price of frame is lower than most.
Weaknesses: they could have used iscg 05, instead of iscg old. cable routing on the downtube could have been on top away from rocks.
Bottom Line:
Date Reviewed: March 23, 2012
Strengths: *2011 Giant glory 00* Very nimble in the turns, and a beast flying down a strait away. Highly recommended!
Weaknesses: None, the rear shock makes a clanking noise when on diffiicult train, but still reall solid.
Bottom Line:
Expand full review >>
Duration Product Used: Less than 1 month
Price Paid: $3700.00
Purchased At: Full Cycle!
Similar Products Used: First dh bike
Bike Setup: Stock
Date Reviewed: December 19, 2011
Strengths: the only complete bike i could get with full saint/fox set-up beside a flatline at the end of the 2010 season. wish it was a demo8 with saint/fox set-up.(better fit for me, i ride very small bikes.My glory is xs!!!!)
Weaknesses: stock michelin tire are crap; slip and slide all the time,everywhere.The front saint hub got loose on the first descent!Unacceptable for a bike in this price range. Didn`t come with pedals(would have been nice).It had a weird defect with the derailleur hanger, the hook was cast/machine too short. it scrapped the top of the golden part of the saint derailleur. The store(thank god) replace the part and the hanger.The rims are soft, i rode the bike 2-3 months only on weekends and the front as a wabble, the rear got some big kink in then. They will probrably die on me in 2012.would have been nice, in my opinion, to have the giant integrated stem with it(like in 2012)
Bottom Line:
Expand full review >>
Duration Product Used: 1 Year
Price Paid: $4389.00
Purchased At: intersport verdun
Similar Products Used: 2005 demo8pro
Bike Setup: i put on some maxxis tires, straitline pedals. The rest is stock.
Date Reviewed: September 3, 2011
Strengths: Super fast in the corners and through the bumps.This bike has a very solid feel at speed and seems to float over technical terrain. suspension is super plush and rides amazing.This bike's pedaling abilities exceeded my expectations.This has to be one of the best bikes on the market right now.
Weaknesses: NONE...not right now
Bottom Line:
Expand full review >>
Duration Product Used: Less than 1 month
Price Paid: $1000.00
Purchased At: Passion BIkes
Similar Products Used: intense M1,M9
Bike Setup: Giant Glory,fox 40 wc,raceface atlas bars,twentysix stem/pedals,saint cranks,mavic wheels.
Date Reviewed: April 24, 2011
Strengths: Floating rear end makes it ride really light, especially seeing as mine weighs in at 45.4lb's. Eats rough stuff for breakfast, corners really well, pedals amazing, jumps amazing, you can send jumps with ease. weigh balance is spot on and it feels soo stable to ride at high speed and through techy shizz.
Weaknesses: well when i bought it it needed bushings replaced but thats not really a weakness. I'd say the only thiing is the weight but when you get on the trail you forget about it because it rides soo light
Bottom Line:
Expand full review >>
Price Paid: $500.00
Purchased At: Pinkbike (price in £
Bike Setup: Glory-large frame. 04 888 rc, pro 2 on spank rims, truvativ holzfella crank, atlas fr bar, high rollers, 2011 tech m4 etc
Date Reviewed: April 13, 2011
Strengths: Very durable, takes all the abuses, smooth handling through rock gardens. I still am racing on this bike since 2009 of May. BB is at right low height than iron horse sunday which was too low.
Weaknesses: Honestly NOTHING!
Bottom Line:
Expand full review >>
Duration Product Used: 2 Years
Price Paid: $1100.00
Purchased At: From a guy on socalt
Similar Products Used: Iron Horse Sunday, Jamis Dailbo, Intense M6, Giant Faith (older)
Bike Setup: 08/09 Boxxer WC air tuned and rebuild by EC's mechanic, fox dh5 rear shock, atomlab flatty pedals, sunline 745, sunline direct mount, hayes stroker aces, azonic outlaws, sram x9 short cage, carbon fiber shock protector, OCT cranks, sunline seat.
Date Reviewed: January 31, 2011
Strengths: This review is for the latest model 2010 Giant Glory 00, i got it on staff discount for the above price in £ sterling not dollars, on a new full stock build. it is a large size.
pros; light bike easy to throw about, pedals well once set up, low stand over on large and decent TT length for a 6,2 tall rider, has not broke under my weight of 115kgs, stiff haven't notice any flex, one of the best valued bikes on spec for under £4K RRP in 2010.
Weaknesses: cons;
A major one: all sizes come with 450lbs rear spring and blue (medium) fox 40 spring, so if you buy a small or large you will prob need to spend another £200 on different springs. although i managed to get giant UK to swap springs for free after pointing out this flaw to them. i think treks DH bikes come spec to match size = bonus over giant bikes.
still experiencing a creaking noise from headset / bottom bracket? doesn't really effect ride quality tho!
Rear rotor on large size could do with being 8? not 7?.
bars quite short for DH if you're tall; 685mm?
Now for 2011 has increase to £4750 here in the UK and not much changed: rims / bars / stem / update fork = not such a good value package as it was 2010!
Bottom Line:
bottom line; more than good enough for my skills. i did consider the speshialized demo but i prefer the fox 40s.
if i were buying without a staff discount in 2011 for the new price RRP i would prob also consider a morewood! that said for spec / performance not much wrong with 2011 new giant glory's!
Expand full review >>
Duration Product Used: 1 Year
Price Paid: $1975.00
Purchased At: my place of work: EB
Similar Products Used: not massively similar bikes but i ride the following; marin attack trail customized 6" AM bike. Cannondale caffeine hard tail 4" customized xc bike, used to ride 5" specialized Stumpjumper FSR expert.
Bike Setup: I changed a few thing from the off;
bars; elements nickle wide 780mm flat bar,
stem; straitline direct mount 28mm ultra short,
tyres; maxxis 60a high roller rear / minion F 60a,
grips; ODI troy lee,
seat post; thomson elite setback,
rear rotor; changed to larger 8?.
pedals; straitline flats.
Date Reviewed: January 25, 2011
Strengths: good reliable frame and a value for money.
Weaknesses: Frame is a tad on the heavy side.
Bottom Line:
Expand full review >>
Duration Product Used: 1 Year
Similar Products Used: giant glory dh comp, specialised demo 8
Bike Setup: all 08 model stock apart from some mavic rims and dt swiss 440 hubs.
Date Reviewed: December 10, 2010
Strengths: This is a great bike, it is very strong and reliable even though ive only had it for around 2 months
Weaknesses: NOTHING !!
Bottom Line:
Expand full review >>
Duration Product Used: 3 months
Price Paid: $1800.00
Purchased At: Ebay
Similar Products Used: None
Bike Setup: 2008 giant glory DH1 all stock except DaBomb pedals
Date Reviewed: October 19, 2010
Strengths: Good Quality Straight off shelf
Weaknesses: Tyres make you washout all the time, headset and bb are creaking after 6 weeks!
Bottom Line:
The comment below doesn't seem likely but i would not doubt it is possible to break i have dropped it down a 12 foot drop and it survived the landing with no damage. Would recommend but not if you are a heavy weight rider i weight 65 kg and it is just right for me. overall they could add some better products for the headset as it has become so annoying when riding!
Expand full review >>
Duration Product Used: 3 months
Price Paid: $3000.00
Purchased At: Jtcycles
Similar Products Used: Iron Horse Sunday Team X
Bike Setup: Stock with Maxxis Holy roller rear
Date Reviewed: October 16, 2010
Strengths: Its solid, easy to chuck around handles well in the rough terrain and in the air. Paint is like impossible to scratch.
Weaknesses: tad bit heavy but who cares for DH.
Bottom Line:
Expand full review >>
Price Paid: $1200.00
Purchased At: Whistler
Similar Products Used: Santa Cruz v10
Bike Setup: Hope mono m4 , mavic721 on hope pro 2 hubs, 888r's, holzfeller cranks, wide flat bars.500lb spring.straitline guide.
Date Reviewed: October 15, 2010
Strengths: Excellent front & Rear suspension,jumps like a cat with willingness, disc brakes 203mm rotor well made for the bike, sturdy, perfect geometry in my opinion.
Weaknesses: heavy but does not bother me, Do not buy this bike if your body frame is like a "WALKING STICK" come on go to the gym if you are a downhill rider!!! you need to be fit to ride this burly Giant Glory Zero
Bottom Line:
Expand full review >>
Duration Product Used: 3 months
Price Paid: $4005.00
Purchased At: Online bike shop
Similar Products Used: Specialized SX Trail, DEMO 8, Big hit 2
Bike Setup: Factory Stock.
Date Reviewed: September 15, 2010
Strengths: Economical, comes with good parts groupo
Weaknesses: Cant stand up to constant North Shore and Whistler or bike park riding, life span is 1 year for aggressive riders.
Bottom Line:
I use to like Giant until they rejected my warranty. I put more rides on this bike in 1 year than an average weekend warrior would in 5 years, this was Giants reason for rejecting my warranty of a cracked head tube. Based solely on this I wouldnt recommend a bike company that balks on a life time warranty after 1 year of riding a frame. If you are a hard rider like me, super tech, drops, jumps and high speed, then consider a different bike. I'd hate to see anyone have to pay for a crash replacement.
This was the second Glory frame, it cannot withstand a full year of bike park and north shore riding. Now that they made the bike lighter I anticipate more of them will break.
Thumbs down on the Glory
Expand full review >>
Duration Product Used: 1 Year
Price Paid: $5300.00
Purchased At: Whistler Bike Co
Similar Products Used: Specialized Demo 7 and 8
Bike Setup: 2009 World Cup Fox 40's with RCX 4 Fox rear shock
|Reviews 1 - 15 (84 Reviews Total)
|| Next 15
Review Options: Sorted by Latest Review | Sort by Best Rating
Related Glory Forum Posts
Giant Glory 2011 Link bearings popping out?
So i have a 2011 giant glory frame. I did a rebuild of my bike linkages. Just gave them a cleaning and all, didn't press the bearings out at all. I rebuilt it and took it for a test run down some stairs. When i got back i noticed this. [ATTACH=CONFIG]821615[/ATTACH] Well i didn't reapply any blue l ... Read More »
Help!!! 2010 V10 or 2010 Glory for Novice?
Hi There! So... the title says it all... I've been riding all mountain and trail for a year now, and just got bit by the DH bug at Mountain Creek in NJ a month ago. Not here to debate which bike is "the best"... I'm just looking for some help choosing. So, components aside, which bike wo ... Read More »
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2008 Santa Cruz V10 vs 2009 Giant Glory
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text:
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SYDNEY MARKET UPDATEThe tone of this Sydney update is more optimistic than that of the last few as tentative signs of increases in activity have become evident. This sentiment has been echoed recently in conversations with our clients.
There is no doubt that within architecture we are seeing the positive effects of government spending in the areas of education and public housing. Firms who have been fortunate enough to be involved with work generated by the government stimulus have been recruiting staff primarily due to the pressure created by tight deadlines. Almost 90% of the positions created through the last quarter have been 'short term contract'. It is clear from this that many practices still do not have enough confidence in the market to offer permanent positions to prospective candidates.
Increasingly however, a number of larger clients have started to engage staff on a contract basis with a view to a permanent arrangement as their future work looks increasingly solid. Smaller firms have also responded positively in the last quarter, and some have found that a number of smaller developments have come back 'on line' as developers take advantage of cheaper building costs and cut priced opportunities.
Architectural candidates with experience in healthcare and education are still highly sought after, as are those with prior infrastructure experience. Further, we are finding there are more options available in the current job market for candidates with expertise in ArchiCAD, Vectorworks and Revit. In fact, such is the demand for certain systems knowledge and skills that some employers are seeing a return to the labour market conditions of 18 months ago as more and more quality candidates are absorbed by practices very quickly.
Interiors on the other hand has experienced a quiet quarter with the number of new positions being down on the previous period. Feedback from interior design firms is that, whilst not making wide spread redundancies, the opportunities for new business are lacking and the competition is incredibly fierce. This has meant that many firms are holding back on recruiting new staff, instead focusing on bringing in more work.
The few opportunities that have been available have mainly come from within the commercial fit out sector, but even these are somewhat limited. In all, a tough time for interiors right now.
In regards to staffing movements, we are finding that the widespread redundancies have dissipated somewhat. With the shedding that has occurred, most firms have retained their core base and are doing everything they can to ensure this does not reduce any further. As a result, any changes we are seeing are more focused on the reduction of hours and days. From speaking with both clients and candidates, the preference is in doing this and waiting for the workload to pick up.
Overall, the sentiment within the market is more positive that it has been for some time. The consensus is that there are signs things are indeed picking up. On this basis there is a cautious optimism that the market will continue in an upward trend and that 2010 should offer a great deal more stability. Looking forward to it!


text:
When Spring comes around, how can you not start daydreaming of everything baby? First, there's all the flowers and new life popping up everywhere, then all the little bunnies and chicks that ambush us at Easter. So we decided to do something productive with all that baby fever and create a springtime baby shower candy buffet. What do you think?
Since the point of a baby shower is to please that special mom-to-be, of course we had to start with the chocolate. We decided to bring in items that had rich nut flavors, smooth, like from the peanut butter in these chocolate buckeyes, and crunchy from these cocoa covered almonds. And of course little packs of Junior Mints, (We love it when things that are delicious also are puns!)
For the colored candy, we decided to stick to bright colors and pastels. First, we selected Party Mints. We love that these peppermints melt in your mouth, and they came in the perfect colors too. We also picked out two different kinds of rock candy sticks, white and light green. Rock Candy sticks are always one of the most popular parts of our buffets, but also a great visual, so we wanted to put extra out there so the focal point of the rock candy in the glass jar would last a little longer. The green was the perfect color to match our tissue pom-poms. For some "summer is almost here" tang, we filled a jar with Gilliam Pink Lemonade Stick Candy. Seriously, so good! And of course, no candy buffet is complete without gumballs. We decided to mix and match some of our lighter pastel shades.
By the time the baby shower comes along, a mom can be pretty pink or blue-ed out, so we decided to go with the perfect color combo for a spring celebration, bright poppy yellow and lime green. We kept the accents to a minimum so they would pop against the clean white setting. (Why not white? With a baby around, it's a color the mom-to-be won't be enjoying for a while!) We did some simple and easy tissue paper pom-poms to hang over the buffet, and found some alphabet blocks in matching colors to decorate.
For the jars, instead of labels, we created these cute craft paper tags to hang on the jars. We then created a sweet little welcome sign to match.
Finally, a vintage mom and baby elephant and a little stuffed giraffe make sure that everybody takes a little (or a lot!).
Hope you like! Anything we missed, or questions about how we did it? We're happy to answer. Bye!


text:
Map It
Map City Services
LouisvilleKY.gov Links
Thursday August 23, 2007
With the 2007 University of Louisville football season fast approaching, Metro Parks is offering secure, affordable and convenient parking for home games. Parking passes for Churchill Park – adjacent to Papa John's Cardinal Stadium on Floyd Street and Byrne Avenue – are now available.
Passes are available for specific games ($10 per game) or for the entire season ($50). If space is available, fans may also pay a parking attendant on the day of the game. Proceeds will be reinvested into the maintenance and beautification of Louisville's parks. The application form is available online as a PDF file.
Parking passes are available on a first-come, first served basis. All applications should be mailed to: Metro Parks Attn: Football Parking P.O. Box 37280 Louisville, KY 40233-2780
University of Louisville Home Football Schedule (2007):


text:
2015 GMC SIERRA HD: While attending the 2014 Chicago Auto Show, stop by the GMC exhibit and be among the first to view the all-new 2015 GMC Sierra 2500HD, 3500HD and Denali HD models. Each series features a fresh exterior design to reduce wind noise and enhance powertrain cooling. Sierra HD models are available in Regular Cab, Double Cab and Crew Cab, with 6-ft 6-in and 8-ft box lengths. Clever CornerStep rear bumper is standard, with textured pads that accommodate large boots. A Vortec 6.0-liter gas V-8 with variable valve timing is matched with the Hydra-Matic 6L90 six-speed automatic transmission as the standard powertrain across the Sierra HD model range. This combination is engineered to deliver 360 horsepower and 380 lb-ft of torque for all pickup models, and 322hp and 380 lb-ft in 3500HD for chassis cab models. The available 6.0L engine is a bi-fuel setup that enables it to run on compressed natural gas or gasoline. Then there is the mighty Duramax 6.6L diesel that generates 397hp and 765 lb-ft of torque, and comes linked with an Allison 1000 six-speed automatic transmission. The all-new interior is quiet and comfortable, designed to help drivers and passengers with easier-to-reach, more intuitively located controls, more storage compartments, more plug-ins for electronic devices and the latest-generation GMC IntelliLink infotainment system – with an eight-inch-diagonal color touch screen. A rear-vision camera system is standard on SLE, SLT and Denali to give the driver a view of items behind the vehicle. It can also assist with lining up in front of a trailer.
Visit the official GMC site for more information


text:
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12 U.S. Code § 605 - Repealed. Aug. 23, 1935, ch. 614, title III,
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Section, act Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, § 25 (par.), 38 Stat. 273, as amended by act Sept. 7, 1916, ch. 461, 39 Stat. 755, related to interlocking directors, officers, and employees. See section 19 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.
Section was comprised of the former seventh undesignated par. of section 25 of act Dec. 23, 1913, which comprises this subchapter. For classification of other pars. of section 25 of this Act, see Codification note under section 601 of this title.
The table below lists the classification updates, since Jan. 3, 2012, for this section. Updates to a broader range of sections may be found at the update page for containing chapter, title, etc.
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text: Wednesday was national letter of intent signing day for college football and new Wisconsin Badgers head coach Gary Anderson landed 17 recruits, six from in-state. Among the home grown prospects are running bac Alec James from Brookfield and tight end T.J. Watt of Pewaukee, the younger brother of current and former Badger stars Derrick and J.J. Watt. Anderson was pleased with how the recruiting process came together in short order after getting hired in January. He suceeds Brett Bielema who left to take the University of Arkansas job. Rivals.com rated Wisconsin's recruiting job number 54 in the nation and 4th in the Big Ten.