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The Science of Christmas 2011
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That's right! We're going to keep using that 'pun' in the exact same context until you BUY TICKETS HERE!!
We bought the 'exciting science hamper' (and the stuff to go in it) today, and we even surprised ourselves with how utterly exciting it is. It's definitely worth winning.
Eric Wolff, a very distinguished and entertaining Scientist explored the findings from the study of ice cores and the implications they present for predicting Climate Change.
Before expanding upon his findings, Eric reasoned why a lot of time, expense and expertise is invested in studying ice cores. Firstly, for model variation – if we want to predict how our earth will react to changes in its atmosphere it is useful to look back and see how it reacted to past changes; secondly, as a way of studying climatic processes and finally, curiosity of the past. Ice cores allow an insight into the historic atmosphere untouched by biological processes, for example, no fossilisation or calcification occurs to the air in ice cores. It is somewhat "clean" of biological processes.
The air, trapped as bubbles in the ice cores, is younger than the ice surrounding it. This is due to air diffusing through gaps between the snowflakes and snow layers. The further down the snow layers, the greater the pressure from the weight of the new snow on top, which causes ice to form trapping the air. In order to date the air, a mathematical formula is used to accurately predict the age, allowing the composition of the air to be studied and dated.
It is widely acknowledged that historically there have been periods of intense cooling and warming in our atmosphere. Furthermore a correlation between warm periods and high concentrations of greenhouse gases has been found. It is simple physics that increasing the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases traps heat and causes the climate, on average, to warm. It is also widely acknowledged that human activities have significantly increased the concentration of greenhouse gases in the last century. Therefore it is reasonable to conclude this increase will cause the
atmosphere to warm. This apparent mutual feedback, between greenhouse gas concentration and atmospheric temperature however, appears to interact differently in Greenland and Antarctica. Additionally, data from ice cores in these two locations show that whilst Greenland may experience cooling, Antarctica simultaneously appears to warm. The dynamics of this interaction between geographic location, atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations and temperature is, as yet, unknown. However, it illustrates the complexities of the relationship between greenhouse gas concentrations and atmospheric temperature, one that with further study Eric hopes to discover.
Suzanne is a recent Biological Sciences graduate with an interest in all things sciencey. She has a passion for Science Communication and the media.
Ken and Julia Yonetani use sculpture to highlight the negative impacts of overconsumption upon our planet.
Sweet Barrier Reef is a series of beautiful coral sculptures, carefully displayed in the GV gallery with waves of blue light washing over the art. Detail is minute whilst the structures themselves are large; the largest being around half a meter tall. The idea behind the sculptures being entirely made of sugar is symbolic of the bleaching of corals from sediment runoff, particularly from the harvesting of sugarcane. This work is particularly evocative, especially as the bland white sculptures mirror what natural bleached coral looks like; colourless and lifeless.
Still Life is a sculpture of a banquet table filled with food. It focuses upon the interplay between salt as a preservative, allowing foods to travel around the world, and as a destructive force upon ecosystems. When salt reaches high levels of concentration it causes organisms and ecosystems to die. This work shows great skill on the Yonetani's part and is interesting to look at yet; I feel that this work does not have the impact of Sweet Barrier Reef. It is somewhat dull in comparison and without knowing the interplay between these two sides of salt, the sculpture loses its impact.
The idea to bring attention to the environmental impact of sugar and salt through sculpture is very interesting and the exhibition is small enough that you can easily pop in during a lunch hour.
Well worth a visit but I'm not sure that the grand ideas behind the Yonetani's inspiration are accessible to all.
Suzanne is a recent Biological Sciences graduate with an interest in all things sciencey. She has a passion for Science Communication and the media.
"If you need me, me and Neil will be hanging out with the Dream King. Neil says 'hi', by the way…"
- Tori Amos 'Tear in your hand' from 'Little Earthquakes' (1991).
Dreams and the unconscious mind have long held a fascination for film-makers and other artists. This interest might derive partly from the stubborn refusal of the media world to progress away from a psychoanalytic perspective in their analysis (an approach which was already out of date in the 1960s in psychology, but, bafflingly, still seems to have some currency in media-studies departments), but also partly perhaps because of the limitless creative opportunities that trying to put dreams on the screen affords. A highly influential early example of dreams on film is the Salvador Dali-designed dream sequences in Hitchcock's 'Spellbound' (1945), which (as you might expect) is disturbingly surrealist and seems to be what David Lynch based a substantial part of his early career on. Another well-known example is Kubrick's 'Eyes Wide Shut' (1999), based on Arthur Schnitzler's Traumnovelle ('Dream Story'), which some have interpreted as an extended meditation on the nature of fantasy and dreams.
One of the big hits of last summer was 'Inception' by Christopher Nolan; a rare blockbuster in that it featured a highly convoluted plot, an ambiguous ending and the action taking place almost entirely in a dream-world. Inception is essentially a heist-movie, with the standard elements of 'getting-the-team-together' at the beginning and 'oh-no-the-plan's-all-going-a-bit-wrong' towards the end, however the clever twist is that the operation takes place inside the victim's head, as part of a shared dream-state. The technology which allows this multiple sharing of consciousness is never explained, but it doesn't really matter; a great deal of thought clearly went into building up a consistent logic for the dream-world(s) and the means of operating within them, which makes for an instantly and deeply interesting and absorbing film. Use of impossible architecture like the Penrose staircase and other tropes such as zero-gravity which are not found in the real world make some really engaging sequences, and the creativity displayed in the use of visual effects (the exploding café, and Parisian streets folding in on themselves in particular) is stunning.
While the idea of being present in, and actively manipulating, someone else's dreams is currently science fiction, a number of recent pieces of research have actually begun to take tentative steps in that direction. One of the recent advances in brain-imaging methods that's generated a lot of excitement in the last few years is a technique called Multi Voxel Pattern Analysis (MVPA). This is a method of analysing fMRI data which relies on looking at broad patterns of activity across a brain region; a classification algorithm is 'trained' with some input in the form of brain images from two different categories, and can then (when given some new brain images) successfully predict which category the images belong to. So, a participant could be looking at either faces, or houses, and the algorithm (given the right examples in the training phase) could tell whether a face or a house was being presented, based on their brain activity. Some parts of the media have got quite excited about this technique and have called it 'mind-reading' however at the moment it's somewhat limited by the algorithm having to go through an appropriate training phase with each participant. The technique has developed well beyond the simple two-category stage though, this press release from UC Berkeley details one of the most recent and exciting experiments in this area, where in fact movies are reconstructed from brain data. This technology is actually strongly reminiscent of another film, Wim Wenders' sprawling, ridiculously-long, occasionally-magnificent but more often teeth-grindingly ponderous Until the End of the World (1991). In this film several of the characters become obsessed with an invention that allows them to record and play-back their dreams. Since we know the visual cortex of the brain is highly active during REM (dreaming) sleep, it's not a huge leap to imagine that it will perhaps be possible to record at least a rudimentary version of a dreamer's visual experience using a fMRI scan and further developments of the MVPA technique to reconstruct the content.
Another related piece of recent research concerns so-called 'lucid' dreamers, the small percentage of the population who manage to become aware that they are in a dream while still dreaming, and can then influence the dream environment. A team from the Max Planck institute in Germany gave specific instructions to a lucid dreamer, and then scanned his brain while he carried them out, in his dreams. The instructions were to clench first his right first, and then his left alternately for ten seconds, and this dreamed 'movement' was evident in characteristic alternating activation patterns in the left and right motor cortex; the participant's actual hands never moved. This research represents an impressive leap forward as it's the first time that the specific content of a dream (the movement) has been visualised by an external system. Another good report on this experiment is here.
Another set of researchers are coming at the idea of dream-hacking from a different angle. A project called 'Power Dreaming', due to launch next year, and funded by the US army, is seeking to provide therapy for the large number of veterans who suffer from nightmares as a result of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). While details are somewhat sketchy at the moment, it appears the aim of the project is to reduce the power of negative, traumatic dreams through alternative soothing stimuli, generated through virtual reality and delivered through 3D goggles. A more detailed write-up on this project was recently published by Wired.
So, while 'Inception' remains science fiction for the moment, the dream-recording device which featured in 'Until the End of the World' in 1991 is now taking its first steps towards being a viable technology. In fact, I'd be very surprised indeed if more than one group of researchers was not actively working on extending the techniques mentioned above in this direction already. Within a decade or two we could all be routinely recording our dreams and playing them back over breakfast. It sounds far-fetched I know, but, you gotta dream, right?
Matt Wall is a cognitive neuroscientist currently working at UCL, specialising in fMRI. He does occasionally dream in MRI scanners, but only by accident. His main web-page is here and he also writes the blog 'Computing for Psychologists'. Twitter: @m_wall.
Come along to The Cumberland Bar on the 11th of December to take part in Scientific Kitty's first event – The Science of Christmas!
It's a pub quiz designed to test your scientific noëledge (sorry) on subjects as diverse as the physics of sleigh travel, the psychology of gift giving and the genetics of dwarfism.
Teams of up to 6 can battle it out to win our very exciting science hamper. We'll also have a party snack buffet and Christmas crackers for one and all.
The entry fee is £2 per person and tickets must be purchased in advance from http://
Meowy Christmas from Scientific Kitty!
This isn't Science-fiction, this isn't 28 days later, this is Contagion.
Last weekend me and my other half went to see Contagion. A film I hadn't seen advertised on the television or papers. In fact I only found out about it via Twitter. That said, I expected the cinema to be empty.
Did I honestly expect non-scientists to see this film? No. I expected the room to have a handful of scientists and students. On immediately walking into the dimly lit screen I realised I couldn't have been more wrong…
Packed, the cinema was packed! Contagion it seems had managed to entice the non-scientists! So before the film had started, Contagion had managed to do what few Science films/documentaries have managed. Get the non-scientist – the general public – in!
The film was made brilliantly, perhaps my favourite film of the year. The eerie music, the red letters displaying 'day 1, day 2', etc. Another exciting thing about this movie was that high profile actors and actresses were involved (gives you a hint that it's going to be good). Plus, you don't know whether these well-known actors are going to survive! 10 minutes in and they'd already killed off Gwneyth Paltrow. You didn't know whether Matt Damon, Kate Winslet or Jude Law were going to be next! So from the opening scene you were gripped.
The story is about a virus that has mutated from a pig and bat virus, which then quickly changes its host to humans. The story follows how in a matter of days this virus travels worldwide. With air travel and high human contact this is a highly possible – We all remember Swine Flu. That originated in Mexico and quickly became a worldwide outbreak. Then there's the E. coli cucumber outbreak. International travel in such short time frames has allowed outbreaks to spread faster than before. Also, how many times do you touch your face in a day? 300 times. As well as this you're touching all kinds of surfaces. Makes you realise how easily infection can occur.
So this highly virulent virus in Contagion develops even higher virulence further into the film by mutating! The film deals with how difficult a new virus is to sequence, grow and identify. The film also addresses the issues with developing a vaccine and identifying the source. What is interesting though is how the government reacts, the control measures they implement, and how the public reacts. From social isolation to riots. You get a real sense of watching this film and thinking "this isn't a film, this could happen, this is real life". It felt to me like I was watching a documentary or the news and not a film.
The film also shows how the power of social networking and the internet, can impact on an outbreak. Jude Law plays a blogger who shows how you shouldn't believe everything you see on the internet.
The Science is spot on, which is scary as you do get a real sense that unlike your typical 'monster horrors' this could happen and it would be a lot worse than Big Foot chasing you!
Overall, I highly recommend this film. The scientific content is excellent. The acting is great and it's great for engaging the public in science.
Samantha Price is doing a PhD in Applied Microbiology at De Montfort University, and is also a registered biomedical scientist who has a passion for communicating science to the public. She's on Twitter here.
This post is a little bit different and for once it has nothing to do with neuroscience. I don't claim to know anything about it, but I wanted to raise some questions, because these issues have been on my mind for some time. I watched the programme 'Louis Theroux – America's Most Dangerous Pets' yesterday. For those of you who haven't seen the programme, it should still be available on iPlayer. Here is a short summary: in the style of typical British entertainment, a smart-arse (no offence) journalist is sent to take a look at ridiculous lower class practices on the other side of the big pond. He visits several private wildlife parks, in which dangerous animal enthusiasts (aka idiots) keep big exotic animals like tigers, lions, bears, chimps etc.
Their practices are of course completely ridiculous and sometimes downright stupid like the guy holding a fully grown tiger on a lead apparently think that he has the tiger under control. Sometimes, it's even involuntarily funny like when the rangers claim that they are creating a saber tooth tiger by cross-breeding a lion and a tiger. Apparently, you don't need any expertise to do experiments like this ("A PhD is jest a docoomnt on th' wall"). Or the part where the owner of the park explains that a bear and a tiger are raised together in the same cage to show that everyone can learn how to get along no matter how different they are (at least until they rip each other into pieces when they get in a playful mood).
The interesting bit is how Louis Theroux (the journalist) raises ethical questions and how they the owners of the dangerous pets defend their practices. In one instance, an enclosure for bears is shown. It is fairly large for an enclosure, but the bears show clear signs of hospitalism by pacing up and down the fences. The question is whether it is right to keep animals in enclosures or if they belong in the wild. The keeper argues that they don't roam through square miles of territory because they want to, but because they have to in order to find resources. In his view, they are just as happy with the confined space and being fed.
For me and a lot of other people that see animals in captivity walk up and down along a fence repeatedly, it seems obvious that keeping animals in these conditions is ethically wrong. But how do you argue this position? Most people emphasise that this is not the natural state of the animal, but this is inconclusive and in the end a circular argument: arguing like that is falling for the 'naturalistic fallacy'. Something is the natural state therefore it should be the state, consequently it is the natural state, because it should be so. That occurs a lot when people talk about vegetarianism in my experience. Carnivores often argue that eating meat is 'natural' and therefore should be done, but one cannot derive a normative argument from a given state. That is circular thinking.
However, it is problematic to assess what animals want. They don't communicate with us in a way that allows unambiguous judgment of their desires and wishes. Additionally, we tend to anthropomorphise them. The owners of the dangerous pets think that their animals love them and have a good time being imprisoned. So, one pragmatic concession that I would make is to argue that we can only judge what animals want by their natural state. We have to assume that animals in the wild are happiest, because we have no indication that they are happier in a cage. This is a relative argument that allows to be re-evaluated once the evidence changes. For example, it could be that animals in captivity are better off, when most of their natural habitat is lost or degraded.
I would be very interested to hear what other people think about this. So, please leave your comments!
Joe Bathelt is a neuroscientist currently working on his PhD at the Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Unit at the Institute of Child Health, University College London. He graduated in Biology from the University of Tübingen, South Germany, and also holds a Master's degree in Neuroscience from UCL. His interests are in the neuroscience of human social interactions, emotions and philosophy of mind. He's on Facebook here.
Yes, I admit it. After hours of hard intellectual work of dwelling through impenetrable scientific journal articles and exhausting data analysis, I occasionally kick back in front of the TV and pop in a DVD. At this time of the year, one obvious temptation for the tired office worker, who craves a bit of excitement, are horror movies. In my case, I ended up watching the film The Fog starring actors you most likely haven't heard of. I don't even know what seemed appealing to me about this particular movie and to be honest, I think the writers of the movie script got a bit too much of the fog in their head. Nonetheless, it made me wonder what the common topic in cheap horror films is and why these motifs make us sit at the edge of the couch with our fingers clasping a pillow in fear. So, be prepared for some Halloween-themed neuroscience (*manic laughter here*).
First of all, some details about the film so that you get the picture of what kind of fear-provoking nonsense I'm talking about. The film is set on a little island somewhere on the coast of the US. The landscape is stunning, the sea blue and the people look like they escaped an underwear hoarding. The horror starts when the protagonist stirs some resting spirits on the bottom of the sea in some remote place with the anchor of the fishing boat that he inherited from his late father. This leads to a curse that manifests itself as a bank of fog that covers the island and subsequently kills most of the cast. In case you are wondering, yes, the fog kills people. In one particularly stupid scene, the fog even kills someone by throwing a knife at them.
I think there is some similarity between this film and other 'teenage horror movies'. It seems it doesn't really matter who does the killing. It could be low altitude meteorological phenomena, various household appliances (Final Destination), teachers possessed by aliens (Faculty), vicious plants (The Happening), or static on the TV (White Noise). However stupid the plot is, these movies seem to scare a sufficient number of people. It doesn't look like these things are frightening by themselves. At least I'm not massively concerned when I enter the shower, but in The Fog, a sense of foreboding accelerates my heart beat as soon as a protagonist enters this steamy death trap.
From a neuroscience perspective, I think there are at least two reasons why these stupid films still manage to scare us despite their apparent stupidity. The first reason lies in a little almond-shaped area called the amygdala. You might be able to find your the amygdala, if you drill from underneath the ear towards the midline of the brain. If you can't find it on the first try, don't worry – there is one on each side. The amygdala has a central role in emotion processing, particularly to fear-related stimuli. The amazing feature of processing in the amygdala is that it is faster than most other kinds of visual processing. A study by Patrik Vuilleumier and colleagues from the University of Geneva in 2003 demonstrated that the amygdala will show an increased BOLD signal in response to fearful faces when normal pictures were presented or when just the contours of the face are presented. This allows rapid extraction of fear-related information before the fine-grained processing can take place. This in turn allows for faster responses. The amygdala pathway seems to provide a fast bridge between visual information and motor responses. From an evolutionary perspective, this makes perfect sense: When a sabre-toothed cat jumps at you from the bushes, you wouldn't survive if you just stood there and enjoyed the marvellous view of the drool dripping from its massive canines. It is also the reason why Hollywood filmmakers can sell us horror movies with stupid plot lines. We will get afraid if there is something barely visible and vaguely fear-related. This is a central theme in all these movies: there is always a killer/monster/meteorological anomaly in the dark corner. If we saw Freddy Krueger in broad daylight, we wouldn't be as afraid. If there is enough visual input and some longer processing time, higher cortical areas would jump in. We would have access to memories and could use cognitive strategies to guide our behaviour.
Another important aspect in my view is how you are able to empathise with someone and experience the fear, even though you are 'just watching' a movie. There has been a concept in philosophy for many centuries that we understand the actions of others by simulating what they are doing in our own head. We are mapping what it would feel like for us, if we were in the same situation as someone we are observing. This idea was revived when a group headed by Giacamo Rizzolatti at the University of Parma in Italy discovered that there are neurons that seem to do exactly that job. They recorded the activity of nerve cells in rhesus macaques and discovered that neurons in the somatosensory (body-sensing) cortex respond when a monkey is grasping something, but surprisingly also when the monkey is just observing the action. The somatosensory cortex is the part of the brain, where sensations from the peripheral nerves end up. It is the part that is usually represented with a funny little brain man that shows how much area is dedicated to each body part in the somatosensory cortex. It was proposed that these neurons are part of a more extensive "mirror neuron system" that allows us to simulate observed actions. A study by Shmuelof and Zohary from 2005 shows that the same is likely to be true for humans. In the study, they show that parts of the somatosensory cortex increase in fMRI activity when a participant observes a hand grasping an object, but not when just the object is observed. So, in the context of Halloween movies, part of the reason why your heart begins to race when you see the helpless victim being chased in the dark is that you stimulate the experience in your head.
I hope you enjoy your amygdalae and mirror neuron system excitation this Halloween season! And stay away from The Fog!
Joe Bathelt is a neuroscientist currently working on his PhD at the Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Unit at the Institute of Child Health, University College London. He graduated in Biology from the University of Tübingen, South Germany, and also holds a Master's degree in Neuroscience from UCL. His interests are in the neuroscience of human social interactions, emotions and philosophy of mind. He's on Facebook here.
I first saw the trailer for the BBC's Planet Dinosaur back in the New Year. (You know? In the advert where the BBC shows off its amazing documentaries and dramas for the coming year?) Well, I've been looking forward to this documentary since then. I was expecting great things. Like Walking with Dinosaurs but more updated.
Unfortunately my great excitement turned to disappointment after watching the very first episode.
There are a number of downfalls. Clearly the BBC has spent more money on Doctor Who, instead of trying to create something as successful as the 1999 documentary. Walking with Dinosaurs got me interested in dinosaurs and the science behind them at such a young age, it's such a shame that Planet Dinosaur is unlikely to have the same effect (let alone be repeated).
And it's not just me…
On the BBC website, @edyong209: "How do you recreate a dinosaur?" asks BBC. Anyone who has seen Planet Dinosaur knows the answer is "unconvincingly"
My mum: It's a bit boring, the narrator, the science…
I'm not having a go at the BBC. Wonders of the Universe and Walking with Dinosaurs were excellent documentaries. I just feel Planet Dinosaur could have been so much better. Walking with Dinosaurs worked so well because it was a story about these amazing creatures and how they used their adaptations to survive. Also the computer graphics were a hundred times better in Walking with Dinosaurs, along with animatronics and puppets (clearly in 12 years this hasn't improved much if Planet Dinosaur is anything to go by).
I also feel, for the non-science individual, the facts and science behind the fossils seemed to disrupt the 'story' (if there was one?) and left the likes of my mum falling asleep. Personally I found the fossil evidence and facts incredibly interesting, however I feel that the majority of the general public was not quite enthralled by it (my mum for example). What the BBC should have done is what they did with Walking with Dinosaurs. Six half an hour episodes followed by a final episode on the fossil evidence, making the dinosaurs and general behind the scenes information for the 'dino science geek' who likes the fossil facts.
I can't fault the science. The detail and information regarding the sites and structure of the fossils was brilliant. The explanations for dinosaur behaviour (cannibalism etc.) and even feathers were backed up with a lot of fossil and scientific evidence.
Like I said, the main fault was how the science was presented. If the 'dino science geek' is happy, that's all good… However if the rest of the general public (who we as scientists WANT to be interested in our work) are snoozing away, then clearly something's gone wrong.
A little fact: The 'Walking with Dinosaurs' TV series was the most expensive documentary series, per minute, ever made according to the Guinness Book of World Records (I doubt 'Planet Dinosaur' can be put in the same category of expenditure).
Coming soon: Walking with Dinosaurs 3D! Apparently the BBC and 20th Century Fox are working on a film adaptation of the TV series. Due for release October 2013. Let's hope this does what the TV series did to me. Get children interested in Dinosaurs and Science!
Samantha Price is doing a PhD in Applied Microbiology at De Montfort University, and is also a registered biomedical scientist who has a passion for communicating science to the public. She's on Twitter here.


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subset: commoncrawl


text: The flesh splinters and fragments. Fibrous. The grips latch on to fingertips, a light slices a hole to the bone, the gips pull back, peeling the skin and tendons. Bone glistens pink under antiseptic lights. The sweat pours down his face. He uses his other hand to wipe it away. He feels no pain, but he's shaking anyway. He grins. His flesh is pulled away to the wrist. A ring lowers, twirls, the useless strips are carried away. A thousand arms whirl in and click, setting in pieces of metal and plastic. Wires, tubes. Worked like puzzle pieces. An occasional flash of light, soldered. Weld. Black fluid pumps through veins, self contained for now. A tiny heart, one on each finger. Tiny orange lights break this surface, work their way down the wrist, down the forearm. A wire ripples through his skin. All the while the eye watches him. He plans to wear one to match one day.


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- Zanele Shongwe
- Sandton, Johannesburg
- South Africa
This conversation is closed.
What is the most effective ways/means to raise funds for my foundation?
I have just started a Foundation to assist high school students from financially stricken families to fund them for University/College further studies.
How do I raise awareness and attract the much needed donations to get this off the ground?
I am going to fund this from my own savings and clearly this would not be enough once the programme is up and running.
For more info, please do visit fwdmovement.wozaonline.co.za
Showing single comment thread. View the full conversation.
Showing single comment thread. View the full conversation.


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As UCSF embarks on a yearlong sesquicentennial celebration, it is calling together alumni and supporters for mixers, continuing education, talks, tours and performances at the 2014 Alumni Weekend.
Latest News
April 30, 2014
Nine interns graduated this month from the sixth cycle of the EXCEL program, UCSF's flagship workforce development program.
April 30, 2014
Medical students chose the neurobiologist Igor Mitrovic to give the 2014 "Last Lecture," the annual campus rite in which a faculty member is asked to deliver the lecture he'd give if it were his last.
March 24, 2014
UCSF fourth-year medical students gathered with friends and family for Match Day 2014, an annual rite of passage when they learned at the same time where they would be training as resident physicians.
March 11, 2014
UCSF's School of Medicine ranked fourth nationwide in both research and primary care education this year, according to a new survey conducted by U.S. News & World Report.
February 28, 2014
The UCSF School of Medicine's annual retreat took stock of the changes sweeping through both education and health care delivery and to find ways to leverage best practices.
February 20, 2014
A group of five UC San Francisco graduate students and a postdoctoral scholar won a national video competition called "Stand Up for Science" to convey the importance of basic science research.
January 21, 2014
The UCSF School of Medicine's 20 clinical chairs have banded together to provide $1.5 million to the new Discovery Fellows Program, set to ensure the stability of the University's basic science research.
January 15, 2014
UCSF, TEDMED's first global partner, will host an inaugural event to take place simultaneously in San Francisco and Washington, D.C., on Sept. 10-12, 2014.
December 26, 2013
A collaborative model of maternity care between UCSF's certified nurse-midwives and obstetricians that began at San Francisco General Hospital almost 40 years ago allows each to learn from one another and practice to their unique strengths.


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A reader wrote in asking for advice from everyone at Misadventures in Atlanta blog. "Holly" is 26 and has been dating Dylan for several months. She found some old pictures of Dylan's last few girlfriends and she said they all looked like "Victoria Secret Angels", which instantly made her feel insecure. She thinks she is "in his league" but admits that seeing his former girlfriends puts some kind of pressure on her all of a sudden.
Holly wants to know how do you handle dating someone who's last girlfriend/boyfriend was wealthier, more beautiful, or simply more "awesome" compared to you? Dealing with insecurities in life is tough enough, what happens when it impacts your dating life too?
Have you ever dated someone who compares you to their ex? Do you think we consciously or subconsciously compare our current loves to our past loves? Is that normal?
By Wise Diva, Misadventures in Atlanta
November 8th, 2013
7:19 am
Hey everyone
First of all Holly need to stop snooping around!!
Holly wants to know how do you handle dating someone who's last girlfriend/boyfriend was wealthier, more beautiful, or simply more "awesome" compared to you Grow up and learn to love yourself then your realize there is no one more "AWESOME than you! Don't compare yourself to others. If those others were so great, then why are they "EXES"
November 8th, 2013
7:25 am
Have you ever dated someone who compares you to their ex? NO, if they did, I'd send them back to their ex, I'm not about to be in competition with anyone!
Do you think we consciously or subconsciously compare our current loves to our past loves? NO
Is that normal? what's normal to some is strange to other. But some who haven't truly move on, or still need "closure" will do that. To truly get "closure" in life you really have to move on with your, and let it go. Because most of the time in order to get it, you have hear what you want to hear, not what they want to tell you. Then you want be comparing your exes, you'll be enjoying your present!
November 8th, 2013
7:27 am
U got the floor ladies!
fellas…when you detect that your exes maybe putting her in insecurity and desire to please mode,that can also be good thangs….(hehehehe…like Durty)
Insecurity affects everybody in the relationship adversely…!
Not good!
Morning MIA
November 8th, 2013
7:49 am
Holly needs to focus on her and him not him and others, the other girls are not with him any more. Holly are you acting crazy? because, how did you find old pictures of other chicks? How do you know they are awesome do you know these women? Seems to me Holly was insecure to begin with to me and is making herself crazy.
I do compare but not to someone face, its more internal –comparing behaviors –we go by what we know and our experiences –comparing is knowing what behavior we want in others and the behavior we don't want.
I have been compared thou i don't think he knew that he was doing it, he would state oh my ex would never of done that she would of ___. It was good on my end not on hers.
It is a wonderful morning since i don't have to attend to that place called work. Sitting her enjoying my green tea.
November 8th, 2013
8:07 am
Comparison's only hurt, they never help. They foster feels of inadequecy. Furthermore minding your own business and working on your self will draw your good to you. GOOD GOOD MORNING THO!
November 8th, 2013
8:32 am
Good morning! I'm hoping for a better chain of events today
It's easy to say don't worry about the past and to move on. In her case she went looking for it. She shouldn't worry about the last person and needs to be secure that he wants her and not the last couple of VS understudies he dated.
I was in a similar situation when I was younger. Actually, the at the time boyfriend was showing me pictures of him from back in the day. In a couple of the pictures was some of him and his ex which he quickly tried to put away. She looked amazing and instantly I felt a little insecure because I looked nothing like what her, who appeared to be the runner up for the Ms. Turkey crown. I asked him how it ended and he said she went back to her husband (he was divorced, she was just separated). Anyway, I didn't spend a lot of time obsessing over it since he was not the love of my life anyway and I was just enjoying the free coffee dates, dinners, and phone calls anyway. But I definitely can see where a small pang of insecurity can hit when you see the exes look 10x amazing as you feel you look.
November 8th, 2013
8:34 am
Out of curiosity who are these readers? And how do they write in to WD?
November 8th, 2013
8:46 am
She found pics? was she snooping thru his stuff?
Come on you're going to feel some kind of way when you see pics of your current exes esp if they are much better looking than you but you should keep in mind that was the past. Unless you were his/her one and only that person has a past and even if they might look like victoria secet models don't let that sway you. Heck I can be a vs model my darn self.
Have you ever dated someone who compares you to their ex? no at least not to my face.
Do you think we consciously or subconsciously compare our current loves to our past loves? only if you miss the ex.
Good morning!
November 8th, 2013
8:50 am
would she be more comfortable if the exes didn't look like vs models? most of the time regardless of how the exe looks some will always find something to be insecure about.
November 8th, 2013
8:55 am
I forgot to answer the other questions!
How would I handle it? I would try not to let it get to me. If they didn't want to be with me, they wouldn't want to be with me. People always draw from previous experience in order to ascertain how to handle a current situation. Everyone can say they don't but that's just human nature. It would be nice if we could forget our hangups and experiences and go into everything with a clean slate. But if we did that we'd keep encountering the same things over and over again. Wisdom comes from the knowledge gained from experience. The end.
November 8th, 2013
8:57 am
So, several months in, JUST finding not one, but a FEW photos of previous women, and they all just so happen to be fine… C'mon now… In my opinion, Dylan strategically placed those photos. Several months in, I can just imagine things might be becoming routine and those pics serve as a reminder to Holly, "don't get too comfortable."…. Don't start wearing that headrag just yet, so to speak.
Now, they key for Holly is to not let her dude see that his previous ladies make her uncomfortable. Every man wants a woman who can run with the best of em! Also, I think it's very normal to compare past and current lovers. My opinion.
Exiled- I agree with you on the "putting her into desire to please mode." That's exactly what happened in my opinion.
November 8th, 2013
9:01 am
November 8th, 2013
9:02 am
Morning all!
I was compared to a girlfriend's EX before. I was never a big bar, club, party kinda fella. I told her that early after meeting her. Oh, we went out, but not as much as she wanted. She would say "I'm used to going out more", or "We need to do something every weekend." I don't remember her ever mentioning the EX by name, but she would infer that he was more outgoing than me. "But I want you to meet my friends, so they can see you.", or "Tell'em suma them jokes you be tellin me." or words to that effect. What I presented, was not what she was used to, when it came to socializing. I didn't dislike going out, just not as much as she wanted. The last guy took her everywhere. I wouldn't.
November 8th, 2013
9:08 am
Donell – I don't think men are quite as calculating as you are suggesting. Those photos were not discarded by him, so apparently he felt the need to hang onto them. She needs to focus on her and him. Those past chicks should be out of his system, since he has already started a relationship with her.
November 8th, 2013
9:10 am
My post isn't getting through!
First and foremost, Holly needs to be secure in the fact that she is now his gf. There's something about her that attracted him to her and something about the others that made them his ex. Right now, she's what he's looking for. If she becomes hung up on his ex's where it interferes with her self-esteem, she's headed toward sabotaging her relationship. Hell, someone is always prettier, sexier, etc. Own what you have and walk with confidence with each and every step. Why sit back and worry about an ex?
Good morning!
November 8th, 2013
9:18 am
Of all the 10's I've ever met, the vast majority of them are completely intolerable personalities. Few exceptions. Ol boy probably just grew weary of the beeyotches and went for a normal girl this time.
November 8th, 2013
9:18 am
."Holly wants to know how do you handle dating someone who's last girlfriend/boyfriend was wealthier, more beautiful, or simply more "awesome" compared to you?"
What's there to handle? He already knows the last girlfriend was wealthier. That's a given. But what is NOT a given is that these EXs are more beautiful and awesome than Holly, in the eyes of her new boyfriend. Hell, he could be thinking that he hit the jackpot with Holly. Those EXs may be beautiful and awesome, but the boyfriend may be thinking Holly is just as, or maybe, even more beautiful and awesome. Holly sounds kinda young and silly.
November 8th, 2013
9:21 am
Reio- I agree with the fact that she needs to give no reaction to the photos and press forward. However, I find it hard to believe she stumbled across not the most recent ex, but three fine ex's photos. Something about it seems pre-meditated to me. Also, with bits and pieces of a story, all one can do is come up with their best conclusion based on experiences. I do agree she should press and remain secure though.
November 8th, 2013
9:23 am
Donell – Here here.
November 8th, 2013
9:29 am
"Dylan strategically placed those photos" – I'm not sure about that. Anyone in a relationship wouldn't want to consciously do emotional harm to their mate. I sense she was snooping. If he did place those photos where she could find them, he's probably now playing with her and taking stabs at her self-esteem to see just how much he can now manipulate her to succumb to his wishes. Can he now turn her into a dormat?
November 8th, 2013
9:29 am
For the record, the past doesn't exist once you meet the D (period).
#BWIM, I never cared about her "ex's" or "current", and for that matter "future" if they weren't me.
I've said this here before and I really do mean it, "all the world is my stage, y'all (the rest of humanity) are actors on it)." It's why I'm never jealous in relationships, envious in life, or could ever be thought of as a "hater" in any way….I just don't care enough about people like that.
And yes, though I would die/kill/assault/mame/wound anyone that hurt, harmed, or otherwise injured a member of my family or a loved one…that "not caring" extends to them as well.
Good morning
November 8th, 2013
9:30 am
I guess it's easier for some than others to forget previous relationships. Hangin on to photos of EXs seems odd to me. I was fortunate, in that, once the relationship was over, that was it, for me. What's past, is past. Holly was insecure before seeing those pictures. IMO.
November 8th, 2013
9:37 am
good morning y'all.
holly needs to sit down somewhere.
coach – re comparisons only hurting. they only hurt if you come out on the wrong side of the comparison. we all make comparisons on some level. it's all good when we size someone up and determine "they ain't nobody". lol.
November 8th, 2013
9:42 am
Leggs- how is that automatically emotional harm from Dylan??? Doormat? I don't know what you're talking about. He's obviously with her because he wants to be. Ofcourse this is all situational, but why cant it be as simple as don't get too comfortable? Holly referred to them as VS models. For all we know, Dylan could see Holly as a VS model… If anything Holly is causing herself emotional harm.
November 8th, 2013
9:45 am
At this point, Holly is her own worst enemy. Da hell wit them pictures. Sit down and shut up. Heffa.
November 8th, 2013
9:46 am
donnell – hey. what's up? how you doing? lol. I'm with you. holly is setting herself up for failure and shame on her. she's a grown woman who is still sweating other grown women and that's not dylan's fault. he's not parading women in her face. he's not comparing her to exes. she's inflicting all this emotional pain on herself. that's what she gets.
November 8th, 2013
9:46 am
Holly was insecure before seeing those pictures. IMO. – I tend to agree.
November 8th, 2013
9:48 am
hey reio – you see I done already told holly to sit down somewhere.
so… what's been going on up in this camp?
hey leggs!!! – whatcha reading?
November 8th, 2013
9:48 am
Donell ~ I'm just saying, for me, it's cruel if a man intentionally leaves pics of ex around to be found. There's a hidden agenda for doing that. Who knows what it might be. Many reasons why people get into relationships, not always for the betterment of each other.
November 8th, 2013
9:50 am
disco ~ I'm not reading anything at the moment.
November 8th, 2013
9:52 am
disco – "hey reio – you see I done already told holly to sit down somewhere."
Yeah, I stole it from you! Thanks.
November 8th, 2013
10:03 am
well gee. I would come back when ain't nobody got nothing to say. what's up with that?
November 8th, 2013
10:04 am
What's up Disco? I'm doing well, thank you. You're absolutely right!
Leggs- I know you're a woman but look at this from a man's perspective no matter how harsh it may be. Lets say several months go by in a relationship and the woman in this case starts to become relaxed like the game is over and they're married. I'm talking headrags, baggy pajamas etc and just a complete difference to the woman who initially attracted you. As a man, I might leave some photos out of pretty ex's just so she knows it isn't over. As a woman that will automatically ignite her competitive side. Some may call it emotional harm, I call it tough love. This could or could not be the case, but this situation is what came to thought after reading todays topic.
November 8th, 2013
10:04 am
sometimes I think Diva be lyin' bout these letters…..cause I know good and damn well these "readers" really ain't trynna hear what we got to say, cause if so, they'd chime in……
but anyway, I'll tickle today's topic……I wish a chic would compare me to an ex…..be like, then why ain't you with the nikka, then? If dude was all that, then you'd still be wit his ass, but since you ain't…..then either STFU, or get on board…see the minute a chic compares me to someone else, I'mma flip the script; straight going in on her……
November 8th, 2013
10:06 am
Of all the 10's I've ever met, the vast majority of them are completely intolerable personalities. Few exceptions. Ol boy probably just grew weary of the beeyotches and went for a normal girl this time.
I was sorting thinking like this
Anyhoo, this is the reverse of this chicks that ain't booed, but looking at your man asking what he sees in her. Apparently something he don't see in you!!! lolol Honestly, I don't think dudes look out at a so so chick and wonder like women cause usually they get the dynamics of relating annnnd, what they find beautiful or attractive most times ain't what women see or compare. Don't get me wrong, men like attractiveness, it's just not gon be measured or compared….it's what they like and guud with.
November 8th, 2013
10:09 am
I'm talking headrags, baggy pajamas etc and just a complete difference to the woman who initially attracted you. As a man, I might leave some photos out of pretty ex's just so she knows it isn't over.
Imma be as polite as possible cause we're having a discussion and everyone is entitled to their belief or opinion, but if a dude does some pretty mess like that, RATHER than be a man about it and ask me to tighten up, Imma need to move on. Period, point blank.
November 8th, 2013
10:17 am
Celisea- I'll admit, I have some unconventional ways of thinking but that was the situation that came to thought. You wouldn't be offended if your dude asked you to tighten it up because he was getting bored? I also agree that people ahould do what's best for them. So, if you felt you needed to leave… do what you gotta do.
November 8th, 2013
10:22 am
D – just the other day I looked at my "headrag" and realized I'd had it for something like 15 years. I always think about getting a new one but me and my headrag go way back. lol.
November 8th, 2013
10:30 am
What my lady wears around the house seems kinda silly to even mention. IMO. She's relaxed. Comfortable. Secure. Sounds good to me. Within the home setting? Not a problem for me.
November 8th, 2013
10:34 am
Disco- 15 yrs? You gotta do better! Lol
Reio- are you and your lady married or in the monthly phase of dating?
November 8th, 2013
10:36 am
I don't understand the problem with the bandana/do-rag/whatever? Mrs. Swiss wears one to bed every night, but it's never made me any less horny… IJS. Actually, I think it's kinda cute.
November 8th, 2013
10:37 am
Donell – I'm married.
November 8th, 2013
10:39 am
donnell – I know it sounds bad but if you poll some women you will find that quite a few have a headrag that they've had for a very long time. lol.
swiss – I think I can get away with my headrag but if I break out the bonnet I probably can't get no love. lol.
November 8th, 2013
10:39 am
@2C the readers aren't going to chime in because y'all don't hold any punches I'd much rather have the "you don't dress up like you used to" conversation than strategically placed pictures.
November 8th, 2013
10:42 am
You wouldn't be offended if your dude asked you to tighten it up because he was getting bored?
Donnell – I'm okay having those types of talks, depending on the delivery. Now dude can't be all crass and disrespectful and putting me down…we gon' have a problem there…lol But yes, I'm open to that cause believe me, if he's getting sloppy, we gon have the same type chat.
November 8th, 2013
10:42 am
@disco I have a pink head rag that has runs, snags and all. That thing is so old, I couldn't even tell you how long I've had that rag. I wanna say at least since 2004/5.
November 8th, 2013
10:45 am
yes – well then I win. lol. I've had mine since around 1999. if do-rags could talk. lol.
November 8th, 2013
10:49 am
Cutie, strategically placing pictures, and all that jazz, is a punk move….hell, you got something to say, get it off ya chest, don't beat around the bush……shiiid, if you think yo lady has gained too much weight, tell her….laying out magazines pics of skinny broads ain't gon help….plus, she'll have more respect for you as a man….
November 8th, 2013
10:50 am
If a dude get's bored, I don't really thing the headrag is the issue.
Most black women will do something to their hair at night. We can't just sleep on it and shake it together in the morning. We have to nurture and take care of it….if we want healthy hair. Sleeping on your hair usually means flat ironing or hot curling, which is detrimental over a period of time.
November 8th, 2013
10:51 am
Morning Gang!
My mom told us growing up there will always be someone prettier, smarter, richer, etc. Strive to be the best you you can be. Dylan may not have "strategically" placed the pics, but he didn't make sure they were tucked away either. I do think too many folks are focusing on whether she was snooping or not. That's another topic we've discussed 1000 times on here. Anyway, Holly needs to focus on the fact that they are exes, and exes for a reason. Obviously she brings something to the table that Dylan likes. Holly just try to be confident in yourself and what you have to offer. Folks talking bout Holly might need to tighten up – is Dylan tight himself? Has he let himself go? Has his bedroom game gotten wack but he's trying to put it off on Holly? Just sayin'
My husband's late wife set the bar high. She was attractive and very smart(an engineer) making 6 figures, bore 2 beautiful children and had excellent taste. Now I could have let that intimidate me. In fact, one of my close friends said she could not have dealt with it. But I am confident in what I bring to the table as well. I'm no slouch either. He and the children love what I have to offer & that's all that matters.


text:
For Immediate Release:
August 01, 2005
Media Available
Jenny Slafkosky (415) 528-4367
Nobel Special Event: Fostering Creativity at Home — Arts
Saturday August 13, 2005
1:30 – 3pm
What artistic needs do children have? What are the tools they need to express their authentic selves? Fostering Creativity at Home — Arts, with creativity expert Michele Cassou, is an interactive workshop for parents, teachers, and other adults to learn how to become a creative ally to the children in their lives. It takes place on Saturday, August 13, 1:30-3pm at the Exploratorium in conjunction with The Nobel Prize: 100 Years of Creativity, on view at the Exploratorium through October 2. Creativity expert Michele Cassou will present an original method of creative expression that approaches art as an exploratory process. Hear stories of breakthroughs children experienced while embarking on these "visual painting journeys," and learn how to incorporate these journeys into children's lives. Find out how to nurture a sense of play, spontaneity and intuition in the self-expression of children.
For parents with children: Children will be allowed to participate in a "children-only" arts workshop, facilitated by a children's art instructor and Exploratorium staff. The workshop runs concurrently to the adult workshop. For ages 7 and up. Limited capacity workshop; advance registration recommended. Please call (415) 674-2870 to register.
Michele Cassou is the author of Kids Play; Igniting Children's Creativity; Life, Paint, and Passion; Reclaiming the Magic of Spontaneous Expression; and Point Zero: Creativity Without Limits. A painter and passionate advocate of arts education, she has taught arts to children and adults for nearly three decades around the world.
Hours of Operation & New Evening Hours
Tuesday-Sunday 10am-5pm; every Thursday evening adults only (ages 18 and up) 6pm-10pm.
$29 for adults, with lower rates for SF Bay Area residents, youth, seniors, students, teachers and the disabled. Tickets available at the door and advance tickets available online at www.exploratorium.edu/visit/tickets.
Getting Here
The Exploratorium is easily accessible by public transit. Convenient parking is available nearby. For more information, visit www.exploratorium.edu/visit/location-directions.
About the Exploratorium
The Exploratorium is the global leader in informal learning, igniting curiosity and inspiring creativity in people of all ages. The world-renowned science museum creates original, interactive exhibits, on display at more than 1,000 science centers, museums and public spaces around the world. Dedicated to education reform in and out of the classroom, the Exploratorium is a premier professional development center for educators and a creator of award-winning educational resources. Since 1969, the Exploratorium has influenced generations of entrepreneurs, artists, scientists, teachers, students, children, museum professionals and everyday doers, reaching nearly 180 million people annually from around the globe. On April 17, 2013, the Exploratorium opened at Pier 15 in the heart of San Francisco's Embarcadero, where it will celebrate a new era of experiences that encourage critical thinking and awaken wonder for generations to come. For more information, visit www.exploratorium.edu/visit.
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California 94111
(415) 528-4444 telephone
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text:
10 U.S. Code § 1788 - Additional family assistance
(a) Authority.— The Secretary of Defense may provide for the families of members of the armed forces serving on active duty, in addition to any other assistance available for such families, any assistance that the Secretary considers appropriate to ensure that the children of such members obtain needed child care, education, and other youth services.
(b) Primary Purpose of Assistance.— The assistance authorized by this section should be directed primarily toward providing needed family support, including child care, education, and other youth services, for children of members of the armed forces who are deployed, assigned to duty, or ordered to active duty in connection with a contingency operation.
Source(Added Pub. L. 107–314, div. A, title VI, § 652(a)(1),Dec. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 2581; amended Pub. L. 111–383, div. A, title X, § 1075(b)(25),Jan. 7, 2011, 124 Stat. 4370.)
2011—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 111–383substituted "armed forces" for "Armed Forces".
Effective Date
Pub. L. 107–314, div. A, title VI, § 652(b),Dec. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 2581, provided that: "Section 1788 of title 10, United States Code, as added by subsection (a), shall take effect on October 1, 2002."
Family Support Programs for Immediate Family Members of Members of the Armed Forces Assigned to Special Operations Forces
Pub. L. 113–66, div. A, title V, § 554,Dec. 26, 2013, 127 Stat. 765, provided that:
"(a) Pilot Programs Authorized.—Consistent with such regulations as the Secretary of Defense may prescribe to carry out this section, the Commander of the United States Special Operations Command may conduct up to three pilot programs to assess the feasibility and benefits of providing family support activities for the immediate family members of members of the Armed Forces assigned to special operations forces. In selecting and conducting any pilot program under this subsection, the Commander shall coordinate with the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness.
"(b) Selection of Programs.—In selecting the pilot programs to be conducted under subsection (a), the Commander shall—
"(1) identify family support activities that have a direct and concrete impact on the readiness of special operations forces, but that are not being provided by the Secretary of a military department to the immediate family members of members of the Armed Forces assigned to special operations forces; and
"(2) conduct a cost-benefit analysis of each family support activity proposed to be included in a pilot program.
"(c) Evaluation.—The Commander shall develop outcome measurements to evaluate the success of each family support activity included in a pilot program under subsection (a).
"(d) Additional Authority.—The Commander may expend up to $5,000,000 during each fiscal year specified in subsection (f) to carry out the pilot programs under subsection (a).
"(e) Definitions.—In this section:
"(1) The term 'Commander' means the Commander of the United States Special Operations Command.
"(2) The term 'immediate family members' has the meaning given that term in section 1789 (c) of title 10, United States Code.
"(3) The term 'special operations forces' means those forces of the Armed Forces identified as special operations forces under section 167(i) of such title.
"(f) Duration of Pilot Program Authority.—The authority provided by subsection (a) is available to the Commander during fiscal years 2014 through 2016.
"(g) Report Required.—
"(1) In general.—Not later than 180 days after completing a pilot program under subsection (a), the Commander shall submit to the congressional defense committees [Committees on Armed Services and Appropriations of the Senate and the House of Representatives] a report describing the results of the pilot program. The Commander shall prepare the report in coordination with the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness.
"(2) Elements of report.—The report shall include the following:
"(A) A description of the pilot program to address family support requirements not being provided by the Secretary of a military department to immediate family members of members of the Armed Forces assigned to special operations forces.
"(B) An assessment of the impact of the pilot program on the readiness of members of the Armed Forces assigned to special operations forces.
"(C) A comparison of the pilot program to other programs conducted by the Secretaries of the military departments to provide family support to immediate family members of members of the Armed Forces.
"(D) Recommendations for incorporating the lessons learned from the pilot program into family support programs conducted by the Secretaries of the military departments.
"(E) Any other matters considered appropriate by the Commander or the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness."
Pilot Program on Parent Education To Promote Early Childhood Education for Dependent Children Affected by Military Deployment or Relocation of Military Units
Pub. L. 109–364, div. A, title V, § 575,Oct. 17, 2006, 120 Stat. 2227, provided that:
"(a) Pilot Program Authorized.—Using such funds as may be appropriated for this purpose, the Secretary of Defense may carry out a pilot program on the provision of educational and support tools to the parents of preschool-age children—
"(1) whose parent or parents serve as members of the Armed Forces on active duty (including members of the Selected Reserve on active duty pursuant to a call or order to active duty of 180 days or more); and
"(2) who are affected by the deployment of their parent or parents or the relocation of the military unit of which their parent or parents are a member.
"(b) Purpose.—The purpose of the pilot program is to develop models for improving the capability of military child and youth programs on or near military installations to provide assistance to military parents with young children through a program of activities focusing on the unique needs of children described in subsection (a).
"(c) Limits on Commencement and Duration of Program.—The Secretary of Defense may not commence the pilot program before October 1, 2007, and shall conclude the pilot program not later than the end of the three-year period beginning on the date on which the Secretary commences the program.
"(d) Scope of Program.—Under the pilot program, the Secretary of Defense shall utilize one or more models, demonstrated through research, of universal access of parents of children described in subsection (a) to assistance under the pilot program to achieve the following goals:
"(1) The identification and mitigation of specific risk factors for such children related to military life.
"(2) The maximization of the educational readiness of such children.
"(e) Locations and Goals.—
"(1) Selection of participating installations.—In selecting military installations to participate in the pilot program, the Secretary of Defense shall limit selection to those military installations whose military personnel are experiencing significant transition or deployment or which are undergoing transition as a result of the relocation or activation of military units or activities relating to defense base closure and realignment.
"(2) Selection of certain installations.—At least one of the installations selected under paragraph (1) shall be a military installation that will permit, under the pilot program, the meaningful evaluation of a model under subsection (d) that provides outreach to parents in families with a parent who is a member of the National Guard or Reserve, which families live more than 40 miles from the installation.
"(3) Goals of participating installations.—If a military installation is selected under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall require appropriate personnel at the military installation to develop goals, and specific outcome measures with respect to such goals, for the conduct of the pilot program at the installation.
"(4) Evaluation required.—Upon completion of the pilot program at a military installation, the personnel referred to in paragraph (3) at the installation shall be required to conduct an evaluation and assessment of the success of the pilot program at the installation in meeting the goals developed for that installation.
"(f) Guidelines.—As part of conducting the pilot program, the Secretary of Defense shall issue guidelines regarding—
"(1) the goals to be developed under subsection (e)(3);
"(2) specific outcome measures; and
"(3) the selection of curriculum and the conduct of developmental screening under the pilot program.
"(g) Report.—Upon completion of the pilot program, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate and the Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives a report on all of the evaluations prepared under subsection (e)(4) for the military installations participating in the pilot program. The report shall describe the results of the evaluations, and may include such recommendations for legislative or administrative action as the Secretary considers appropriate in light of the evaluations, including recommendations for the continuation of the pilot program."
The table below lists the classification updates, since Jan. 3, 2012, for this section. Updates to a broader range of sections may be found at the update page for containing chapter, title, etc.
The most recent Classification Table update that we have noticed was Tuesday, August 13, 2013
An empty table indicates that we see no relevant changes listed in the classification tables. If you suspect that our system may be missing something, please double-check with the Office of the Law Revision Counsel.
|Description of Change
|Session Year
|Public Law
|Statutes at Large
|§ 1788
|nt new
|113-66 [Sec.] 554
|127 Stat. 765
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text:
The Budget is due on March 21. Three years after the economic crash, ordinary people around the world are still paying the price of a crisis they did nothing to cause. The issues of tax evasion, mansion tax and 50p rates all jostle for attention, while bank bonuses are still a major concern. The Treasury is also aware that there is a lot of public support for a Robin Hood Tax.
Robin Hood's merry band continues to grow! Their big idea, the Robin Hood Tax, could generate billions of pounds, even in the current economic climate to fight poverty in the UK and globally.
Wales' First Minister, Carwyn Jones AM, is the latest to announce his support, the first government leader in the UK to come out in support of the tax. The tax is being championed by a growing number of European countries, led by France and Germany. President Sarkozy has just announced a French financial transaction tax, and this has now been adopted by the French National Assembly.
It has wider EU support. Algirdas Šemeta, European Commissioner responsible for taxation, recently said: "We can lead by example with the Financial Transaction Tax (FTT)," noting that 65% of the population in the EU is in favour of an FTT. She has also just visited the Lords telling them that the impact of a Robin Hood Tax would be "negligible".
All this adds to the massive momentum generated in 2011 when 1,000 economists urged G20 countries to accept a similar 'Tobin tax'. Bill Gates, alongside other leading financial actors, George Soros, Warren Buffet and the UK's Lord Adair Turner, all stated their support. Actor Bill Nighy has been a prominent public supporter alongside the Archbishop of Canterbury. To date 14,574 people in the UK have contacted their MP to press for action.
It a cause worthy of all this support. A FTT or 'Robin Hood Tax' is a tiny tax of (on average) 0.05% applied to all financial transactions which could raise up to $400bn globally to fight poverty and climate change. A tiny tax on the financial sector can generate £20billion annually in the UK alone. The impact would be incredible: applying the tax for just one minute could raise enough to vaccinate 1.5 million African children against meningitis.
Despite all this expert opinion and public pressure, the UK Coalition Government has so far opposed this tax. Liberal Democrats have been favourable in the past, Labour support it if applied globally. This position 'yes- if global' now seems to be a consensus between the three main parties. Global it might become as France, Germany, Spain, Austria, Argentina, South Africa and recently nine EU countries have asked the Danish presidency to put the FTT on the 27-country bloc's agenda without delay.
A Robin Hood Tax on the banks could raise tens of billions to help protect public services, fight poverty and tackle climate change at home and abroad. Despite the official party position there a number of MPs who are supportive of this measure. The worldwide momentum for a Robin Hood Tax is growing. It can be achieved if we keep up the pressure as the Chancellor prepares for his next Budget – we need him to know how much support there is for a Robin Hood Tax on banks.
The run up to the Budget is a vital moment when campaigners can take action - to contact their MP, whether they have contacted them before or not. The online message that you send has been customised to allow for this. A letter now will be an important signal to them that people are still concerned about the Robin Hood Tax.
Ask your MP to support a Robin Hood Tax today – they could still join the merry band!
Roger James is a campaigner for Oxfam South West in Bristol


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For almost two decades, Mitch Anthony has revolutionized the way financial services professionals practice. His pioneering and inspirational programs have helped thousands of advisors and their organizations develop more rewarding and profitable practices.
Mitch and his team have developed innovative tools and programs that advisors have come to rely on in their discussions with clients and colleagues about financial and life goals, retirement, wealth management, and more. He is a dynamic speaker whose presentations inspire and motivate.
A prolific author and go-to source for the media, Mitch's books include the industry bestseller StorySelling for Financial Advisors and the groundbreaking The New Retirementality (now in its fourth edition). Mitch is also a columnist for Financial Advisor magazine and a RetireMentor at The Wall Street Journal's popular website, Marketwatch.com. His daily radio feature, The Daily Dose, is heard on over 100 radio stations nationwide.
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In Laos's deepest south, just above the border with Cambodia, the muddy stream of the Mekong is shattered into a 14km-wide web of rivulets, creating a landlocked archipelago. Known as Si Phan Don, or Four Thousand Islands, this labyrinth of islets, rocks and sandbars has acted as a kind of bell jar, preserving traditional southern lowland Lao culture from outside influences. Island villages were largely unaffected by the French or American wars, and the islanders' customs and folk ways have been passed down uninterrupted since ancient times. As might be expected, the Mekong River plays a vital role in the lives of local inhabitants, with 95 percent of island families fishing for a living. Ecological awareness among locals is high, with nearly half of the villages in the district participating in voluntary fisheries conservation programmes.
The archipelago is also home to rare wetland flora and fauna, including an endangered species of freshwater dolphin, which it's sometimes possible to glimpse during the dry season. Southeast Asia's largest – and what many consider to be most spectacular – waterfalls are also located here. The area's biggest sightseeing attractions, the Khon Phapheng and Somphamit waterfalls, dashed nineteenth-century French hopes of using the Mekong as a trade artery into China. The remnants of a French-built railroad, constructed to carry passengers and cargo past these roaring obstacles, can still be seen on the islands of Don Khon and Don Det, along with a rusting locomotive and other ghosts of the French presence. The most developed place to base yourself is the popular island of Don Khong, with its collection of quaint villages and ancient temples, but there's also plenty of accommodation on Don Khon and Don Det.Read More
Don Khong
Don Khong
The largest of the Four Thousand Islands group, DON KHONG draws a steady stream of visitors, most of whom use it as a base to explore other attractions in Si Phan Don. That said, it's nowhere near as popular as Don Det and Don Khon, further south, which means it's far easier to find a peaceful place to watch the sunset.
Don Khong is surprisingly wide for a river island, and is known locally for its venerable collection of Buddhist temples, some with visible signs of a history stretching back to the sixth or seventh century. These, together with the island's good-value accommodation and interesting cuisine, based on fresh fish from the Mekong, make Don Khong the perfect place for indulging both adventurous and lazy moods.
Don Khong has only three settlements of any size, the port town of Muang Sen on the island's west coast, the east-coast town of MUANG KHONG, where most of the accommodation and cafés are situated (see the map), and the smaller town of Ban Houa Khong, where slow boats from Pakse moor. Like all Si Phan Don settlements, both Muang Sen's and Muang Khong's homes and shops cling to the bank of the Mekong for kilometres, but barely penetrate the interior, which is primarily reserved for rice fields. The best way to explore Don Khong and experience the traditional sights and sounds of riverside living is to rent a bicycle from one of the guesthouses and set off along the road that circles the island. Don Khong's flat terrain and almost complete absence of motor vehicles make for ideal cycling conditions. For touring, the island can be neatly divided into two loops, southern and northern, each beginning at Muang Khong, or done all in one big loop that takes about three hours without stops.
- Don Khon and Don Det
Naga and ngeuak: water serpents of Lao legend
Naga and ngeuak: water serpents of Lao legend
The origins of the naga are debated. Snake cults are thought to have existed in Southeast Asia long before the arrival of Buddhism in the region, particularly in Cambodia, so it is possible that this snake-like icon is indigenous. Another possibility is that the naga is a cultural migrant from Hindu India. In Hindu mythology, the naga, Sanskrit for serpent, is sometimes associated with the god Vishnu in his incarnation as Narayana, a cosmic dreamer reclining on the body of a giant naga and floating on an endless sea. Buddhism adopted the icon, and a story relates how, while meditating, the historic Buddha was sheltered by a seven-headed naga during a violent rainstorm. In Laos, it is probable that the present-day form of the naga, called nak or phayanak in Lao, is a fusion of both indigenous and imported beliefs.
The naga is both a symbol of water and its life-giving properties, and a protector of the Lao people. An old legend is still related of how a naga residing in a hole below Vientiane's That Dam stupa was known to rise up at critical moments and unleash itself upon foreign invaders. While the naga is mainly a benign figure, a similar water serpent, the ngeuak, is especially feared by Lao fishermen. Believed to devour the flesh of drowning victims, ngeuak are said to infest the waters around Si Phan Don. As for the existence of naga in modern-day Laos, the Lao point to "proof" that can be seen in a photograph displayed in some homes, eateries and places of business. The photo shows a line of American soldiers displaying a freshly caught deep-sea fish that is several metres long; some copies of the photograph have the Lao words nang phayanak (Lady Naga) printed below. Where and when the photo was taken is a mystery, but many Lao believe that the photo depicts a naga captured in the Mekong by American soldiers during the Second Indochina War.


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Russo, Susan.
Adult Nonfiction TX818 .R87 2010
Summary: How do you keep a Dagwood from toppling over? What makes a Po' Boy so crispy and crunchy? And who was the genius that invented the Fluffernutter? Discover these answers and more in The Encyclopedia of Sandwiches --a chunky little cookbook dedicated to everything between sliced bread. Author Susan Russo has searched the globe to catalog every sandwich imaginable, providing tried-and-true recipes, tips and tricks, and fascinating regional and historical trivia about the best snack of all time. Quick how-to instructions will ensure that every Panini is toasted to buttery perfection, every Sloppy Joe is deliciously sloppy, and every Dagwood is stacked to perfection! The Encyclopedia of Sandwiches is essential reading for sandwich connoisseurs everywhere.
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commented on Watch Dogs will run at 1080p on PS4
"...as far as to my knowledge, on the PS4 it will run in full HD." That doesn't confirm anything. Until they actually state something along the lines of, "Yes, Watch_Dogs will run in full 1080p on the PS4" we don't have anything. Not saying it wont, just let's not jump to conclusions just yet.


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Jones Returns to FFXII Over the Weekend, Enjoys Self Thoroughly
After my original bid to play Final Fantasy XII was prematurely truncated by the Canadian postal system (a friend mailed the PS2 Memory Cards containing my saved games from New York; two months later, they have yet to arrive), this weekend I finally got around to starting the game over again.
To bring you up to speed, this was all part of a boozey promise I made to John Teti in Tokyo last year.
So, Saturday morning, with rain falling steadily against my patio windows, I once again revisited Vaan, Penelo, Miguelo, and the bustling cityscape known as Rabanastre.
Since FF is several thousand miles outside my comfort zone, I think restarting the game was actually a good thing for me. Everything felt exponentially more familiar this time around. The site of a dancing cactus was no longer the system shock that it was initially. I was familiar with the game's controls, with some of the environments. I knew who was worth talking to and who wasn't. I knew the location of The Sandsea tavern. I knew which enemies I could handle (Cacti, Flans) and which ones were very much out of my league (that patroling Saurian/dinosaur thing in the Eastern desert).
After 10 solid hours, I've seen things.
I fought a horse that was on fire, and I won.
I fought large spiders that were interested in eating electricity.
I've infiltrated the palace and stolen a glowing rock from a statue face.
I've been locked in a dungeon, and I've escaped.
I'm desperately, painfully in love with a tall, short-tempered rabbit-woman named Fran.
I'm familiar--at least I think I'm familiar--with the Gambit system. (I gave Fran "White Magick" and a heal spell that makes her constantly heal everyone in the group. If you've never been healed by Fran, you, sir, haven't lived.)
I've developed a nose for treasure.
Things still get a bit chaotic for my tastes when I've got four people in my party in battle situations. I have no idea what's happening at times, and I find myself simply watching the status bars in the lower right-hand corner of the screen. Should someone get poisoned or blinded, boom, I'm right there with the proper Item to cure them.
And I still fret over the fact that I might be doing something wrong. Did I just sell the wrong stone back to Miguelo? Are those rat pelts worth a few gil more to the shop keeper in the desert? Should I have kept that weapon known as a Mage Masher?
Hell, man. I don't know.
I'm trying not to worry too much about those things, per Teti's sage advice.
Instead, I'm trying to make Vaan into more of a brute (this, despite his constant insistence to pose during conversations with his arms on top of his head) (please stop doing that, Vaan) (PLEASE). I'm buying him licenses that permit him to wear heavier armor and to wield bigger swords and such. You're going to become a brute, Vaan, whether you like it or not! I'm trying to make Balthier into more of a long-range handguns/shooter guy. And Fran, oh my beloved Fran, I'm trying to make into the spell-casting vixen that I'm certain she is.
As of this morning, I'm a newly minted Level 10 and growing.
Feeling my oats, I went back to that patrolling Saurian in the Eastern desert. I had Balthier and Fran and Bashe with me. Man, I was slicing/dicing my way across the lands! I was unstoppable!
It was time for that annoying Saurian to eat dust.
The results: He KOed Vaan with one strike.
Then he KOed Bashe. Then KOed a fleeing Balthier.
Fran--oh Fran!--her health dipping into the teens, barely escaped with her cute rabbit ears intact.
Which means there's apparently more--much more--leveling up that needs to happen.
I'll keep you posted on my progress, or lack thereof.
Meanwhile, enjoy this menacing picture of Fran.


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Air and road information for Lubbock travelers
The winter storm moving across the South Plains is impacting airlines and road systems.
The winter storm moving across the South Plains is impacting airlines and road systems.
Texas Attorney General Greg Abbott praised the settlement which paves the way for the merger
Texas has dropped its opposition to the American Airlines-US Airways merger
American, US Air reach deal.
Fort Worth based American Airlines has begun a new, more patriotic branding.
American Airlines says if pilots don't end disruptive activities to flight schedules, it will take the pilots union to court.
A Texas based airline has sent out 11,000 layoff notice warnings to mechanics and ground workers.
A commerical passenger flight from California diverted to Amarillo, TX late Tuesday night en route to Dallas/Ft. Worth International Airport.
Another Texas-based airline will disappear through a merger. Fort Worth-based American Airlines will merge with Tempe, Arizona-based US Airways.
American Airlines canceled another 296 flights yesterday due to hail damage from severe storms earlier this week in Dallas.


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Another TED event takes place locally today, this time on Xavier's campus. TEDxXavierUniversity brings leaders in innovation from across the city and country to speak on the theme "Touching the hearts and minds of others through innovation, service, and leadership." Speakers include emcee Michelle Beckham-Corbin (President and Chief Digital Marketing Strategist of C3: Creating Connections Consulting, LLC), Todd Henry (founder and CEO of Accidental Creative), Rashmi Assudani PhD. (Associate Professor of Management and Entrepreneurship at XU's Williams College of Business) and other CEOs, directors of non-profits and cutting edge entrepreneurs. The free event runs 1-5 p.m. today at the Cintas Center Schiff Banquet Hall. Guests should have already reserved their spot in advance.
Comedian John Heffron makes a tour stop at Funny Bone on the Levee starting tonight. Heffron was the winner of Last Comic Standing's second season and has performed on tons of late night shows and Comedy Central specials and at comedy festivals. A relatively "clean" comic, Heffron avoids politics and controversy in his acts, focusing on the naturally funny aspects of everyday life. Tonight's performance begins at 8 p.m. Find details here.
Check out our music blog for tonight's live show lineup and our To Do page for more events, art shows and performances.
Happy Eight Track Tape and Barbershop Quartet Day! That's right, April 11 is designated as a celebratory day for the clunky cassette ancestor, as well as the harmonizing foursome. Anyone who actually owns an eight track featuring a barbershop quartet: Send a photo in!
The Over-the-Rhine Brewery District Community Urban Redevelopment Corporation is a non-profit committed to making OTR a healthy, balanced and supportive neighborhood economy. The organization helps preserve, restore and redevelop Cincinnati's unique brewing history and urban fabric. Live in the area or just want to get involved? Stop by the Brewery District's monthly meeting at Spotted Magpie Vintage (1420 Main St.) tonight from 5:30-8:30 p.m.
For an especially classy Wednesday, go to Cocktails with Conundrum at Celestial Steakhouse's Incline Lounge. Music ensemble Conundrum will perform Cincinnati's premiere of Eric Knechtges' "Simon" and other favorites. Come around 7 p.m. to enjoy cocktails and noshes (with an astounding view of the city) before the 7:45 p.m. performance. Tickets are $30 at the door. Find more information here.
Check out our To Do recommendations for ongoing theater and arts happenings tonight and follow our music blog for tonight's live show lineup. Feel like staying in? Here are some TV shows worth checking out.
The Heights Music Festival (formerly Clifton Heights Music Festival, launched in 2009) kicks off tonight with more than 70 bands (and some comedy sets) at five venues within walking distance around Clifton Heights. Rohs Street Café, Baba Budan's, Mac's, Christy's and Roxx Electrocafe all host performances beginning at 7 p.m. tonight and starting at 3 p.m. tomorrow afternoon through the night. Tickets are $8 for just tonight, $5 for tomorrow's daytime shows or $12 for the whole weekend. Go here for lineup details and more information.
iconic Cincinnati-based artist Charley Harper passed away almost five years
ago, his artwork is as recognizable now than ever. His modernist depictions of
nature and wildlife still cover the walls of fans young and old. Mary Ran
Gallery is currently holding an exhibit and sale of Harper's vintage signed and
numbered prints. Stop by the Hyde Park gallery, peep some of his colorful works
and walk away with one of your own. Find details here.
TEDxCincinnatiChange is the first of many TED events to hit the Tri-state this spring. Saturday's theme is "Big Picture, Small Details," set to examine issues with global and local impact and zeroing in on small details to make big ideas work. This a satellite event of a national TEDxChange, which marks a partnership between TED (Technology, Entertainments and Design) and the Melinda Gates Foundation. The Cincinnati event will kick off with a live streaming of a TEDxChange talk from Berlin. Speakers and performers include filmmakers Andrea Sisson and Peter Ohs, True Body Project founder Stacy Sims, taste of Beligum's Jean-Francois Flechet and many more. The event is currently sold out, but go here to find other upcoming TED events.
Rumspringa is a rite of passage when Amish adolescents can leave their community and enjoy a relaxed atmosphere prior to deciding to be baptized or to leave the Amish church. In popular culture, those participating in Rumspringa are often portrayed as hardcore partiers, swapping their values and traditional garb for booze and sex (but in actuality, it's not so drastic – most choose to continue being Amish). Saturday, Mayday presents its annual Rumspringa Beer and Sausage Fest. Rock out like it's your only chance to do so and enjoy Amish-inspired delights like beerwurst, bangers, homemade mustards and more beer than you can shake a buckled shoe at. Remember to call a designated carriage driver! The fun starts at 4 p.m.
OTR A.D.O.P.T. is an organization that helps match prospective home/business owners renovate deteriorating historic buildings in Over-the-Rhine. Saturday, Neon's Unplugged hosts a benefit for the organization, inviting you to Partly Like it's 1869! Learn about the organization and how to get involved while celebrating the eclectic neighborhood. Costumes are encourage, so sport your favorite hoop skirt or suspenders and capture your look in a photo booth. A $5 donation gets you in; enjoy old timey drink specials from 8 p.m.-1 a.m.
Check our full To Do page for more arts and events, follow our music blog for this weekend's shows and find theater recommendations here. And Happy Zombie Jesus Day!
You know when you discover something new, like a word or band, and suddenly, they're everywhere? Well, if you've recently started following comedian Geoff Tate, you're probably having a similar experience. Dude is popping up left and right.
Two weeks ago, the Cincinnati native appeared on The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson after the host saw his stand-up in Wichita, Kan. Tate's five-minute set definitely brought the laughs. Check it out:
Hearing Craig Ferguson say "MOTR Pub" on television did kind of make me squeal.
Tate is back in Cincy this week to record a CD/DVD at MOTR tonight through Wednesday. Comedy starts at 8 p.m. each night and admission is just $5. Have a couple laughs (and beers) and support this up-and-comer. Find details here.
Keystone Bar & Grill nabbed a Best of Cincinnati staff pick for "Best Comfort Food All Jazzed Up," and tonight is a perfect opportunity to check it out for yourself. Famous for their killer macaroni and cheese, Keystone has locations in Covington and Hyde Park. Their twists on the homestyle classic include the Fleetwood Mac (fresh mozzarella, pesto and tomatoes) and The B.B. King (grilled barbecue chicken and bacon). Best of all, mac-n-cheese is half-price on Mondays.
Speaking of staff favorites, downtown dive bar Knockback Nat's also made this year's list as the "Best Place to get Smoked Out." OK, get your mind out of the head shop — we're talking about Knockback's delicious smoked wings. Knockback Nat's transcends typical bar food with these meaty wings they smoke outside behind the bar. On Mondays they're just 50 cents a pop, so enjoy the smoky goodness and wash it all down with a cold brewski.
Find art exhibits and other daily events on our To Do list and check out music blog for tonight's live shows.


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St. Louis continued it's mastery over the Milwaukee Brewers with a 6-1 victory at Miller Park Tuesday night. The Brewers have managed a grand total of six hits and one run in the two games so far. Shelby Miller quieted the Milwaukee bats Tuesday night, allowing all three hits and a run over six innings with seven strikeouts. Aramis Ramirez prevented the second straight shutout by launching a solo home run in the 4th inning. Marco Estrada (1-1) took the loss, giving up three runs. Mark Ellis just off the disabled list drove in a pair. Jim Henderson coughed up two solo home runs to Johnny Peralta and Matt Holliday in the ninth. After sweeping three straight opponents during the nine game winning streak, the Brewers (10-4) will try and avoid the broom sending Wily Peralta against Joe Kelly in the series and homestand finale Wednesday afternoon. Pre-Game coverage begins at 11:35 AM on 1440, WNFL.
Steve Czaban Show 5:00 AM - 8:00 AM
On Air Now.