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WARRANTYMaterial & Workmanship: EQ3 seating products are warranted against defects in material and workmanship for two (2) years.Cover: EQ3 fabric products are warranted against wear under normal care and conditions for a period of one (1) year.Cushions: EQ3 cushions are warranted for a period of two (2) years against collapsing. Foam softening is normal and not covered under the warranty.Construction/Frame: EQ3 frames and interior construction are warranted for life (25) years.
The classic elegance of the Melody makes it a suitable lounge chair for both traditional and modern spaces alike. Custom upholstery is non-refundable and cannot be changed, returned or cancelled. Custom upholstery requires approximately 4-10 weeks for delivery.
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View athletic events scheduled for the week of August 18, 2014
Earlier this summer, APS football players and coaches rallied to talk football during the 4th Annual APS Football Media Day at Maynard Jackson High School. Interim Director of Athletics for Atlanta Public Schools, Jasper Jewell explained the significance of this exciting event.
We also hope that you find our new athletic website informative. Thank you for visiting and our goal is to keep the information provided as current and as up to date as possible.
Jasper Jewell, Director of Athletics
Atlanta Public Schools
(404) 802-5584
Dear APS Families:
Welcome to a new school year! I am honored to be your new Superintendent. I am 10 weeks into my new job, and I am delighted to share that we are off to a better start. Our students answered the "Day One: Be There." call by coming to school on the first day, and in fact, over 25,000 APS students had perfect attendance during the first month of the school year!
As we continue our attendance campaign this year, I am asking for your help to ensure your child is in class and ready for instruction everyday this school year. In APS, we have students—especially at the high school level—who miss one day every two weeks. That adds up to one month of missed instruction every year. Over five years, it adds up to about half a school year of missed instruction. If students miss school, they can't learn and they will not be ready for the new Georgia Milestones test, a far more rigorous test that is replacing the CRCT and EOCT this year.
This week also marks another Big 10 - the 10th anniversary of our Atlanta Public Schools State of the Schools celebration. It was my first one and if you were unable to attend on Tuesday, I hope you will go online to hear the update on the state of our district at http://new.livestream.com/k12aps/events/3374824.
Over the last few weeks, I have had the opportunity to visit many of our schools in APS. I have been energized by some of the best teaching I have ever seen, and I remain optimistic about what the future holds for us. At the same time, I am very clear that we have much more work ahead of us if we are going to deliver the excellent education that your children deserve.
While our students and staff have been hard at work, our Atlanta Board of Education members and I also have been working. As we chart a new course for Atlanta Public Schools, we have drafted a new charge (mission and vision) for the district. This is what we do every day and what we aspire to be:
• Our Mission: Through a caring culture of trust and collaboration, every APS student will be ready for college and career.
• Our Vision: A high-performing school district where students love to learn, educators work to inspire, parents are engaged, and the community has trust in the district. We welcome your feedback on our work at https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/draftvisionmission.
As we embark on this journey together, I am working diligently to foster a transparent and collaborative environment for our families. To that end, I want to encourage you to get involved this year. Whether by volunteering at your child's school, participating in the important decision-making process around selecting a school system operating model and flexibility option, or participating in one of our new citizen advisory or oversight committees, I hope you will get engaged! You can learn more about these opportunities and see more of what we have been up to these past few weeks by visiting www.atlantapublicschools.us or following my blog at www.atlsuper.com.
CPP Login Page: https://ic.apsk12.org/portal
Click the links below for more information on:
The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) affords parents and students who are 18 years of age or older ("eligible students") certain rights with respect to the student's education records. These rights include the right to provide written consent before the school discloses personally identifiable information (PII) from the student's education records, except to the extent that FERPA authorizes disclosure without consent.
One exception which permits disclosure without consent is disclosure to school officials with legitimate educational interests. A school official is a person employed by the school as an administrator, supervisor, instructor, or support staff member (including health or medical staff and law enforcement unit personnel) or a person serving on the school board. A school official also may include a volunteer or contractor outside of the school who performs an institutional service of function for which the school would otherwise use its own employees and who is under the direct control of the school with respect to the use and maintenance of PII from education records, such as an attorney, auditor, medical consultant, or therapist; a parent or student volunteering to serve on an official committee, such as a disciplinary or grievance committee; or a parent, student, or other volunteer assisting another school official in performing his or her tasks. A school official has a legitimate educational interest if the official needs to review an education record in order to fulfill his or her professional responsibility.
Also, upon request, the school discloses education records without consent to officials of another school district in which a student seeks or intends to enroll, or is already enrolled if the disclosure is for purposes of the student's enrollment or transfer.
For more information about Student Records and disclosures, including directory information, please refer to the Student Handbook, and Board Policy JR and Administrative Regulation JR-1(R).
Report Address Fraud and Ethics Violations
Report ethics violations: 1-877-801-7754

subset: commoncrawl


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Even before Washington State finished its multi-million dollar renovation at Martin Stadium Bill Moos and his friends were talking about a new football operations building.
On Wednesday we got to see what the proposed addition would look like.
The new building would go up in the west end zone at Martin Stadium and house the Cougar football program. It would have new weight and locker equipment, new meeting rooms and coaches offices. The addition would also feature a WSU Football heritage area and a gameday home for former letter winners.
In all, the project is expected to cost no more than somewhere around $60 million. If it gets the green light from the Board of Regents, it should be completed by February 2014.
*Below is a slideshow containing the renderings in the proposal to the Board of Regents.


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A Chandler man has been arrested on two counts of assault for allegedly spraying two people in the face with a homemade concoction he called "holy water."
The liquid contained vegetable oil, bleach and hot sauce, according to a court document. Francisco Javier Villa, 36, told officers he obtained it from the Mormon Temple in Mesa.
Chandler police said the two victims who were sprayed, Shawn Rosen and Robert Warnar, live at the apartment complex at 100 West Nopal Place in Chandler.
Rosen told officers he saw Villa spraying the bushes, sidewalk, and air with a spray bottle Thursday. As Rosen got in his car to go to the store, he noticed there was liquid sprayed on his vehicle, police said.
Rosen said Villa admitted to the act. Rosen moved his car to another spot and as he was exiting, Villa charged at him and began spraying Rosen's face and clothes, officers said. Rosen said he backed away and Villa began chasing him, police said.
Warnar told officers he was on his balcony when he saw the incident unfold.
Villa charged at Rosen a second time and once again began spraying him with the spray bottle, the court document stated. Rosen then called 911.
Warnar told police Villa walked to the area just below Warnar's apartment and sprayed him in the face with the same liquid.
Villa was taken to the Chandler Police Department where he was fingerprinted and photographed and booked into jail.
Police said they've responded to other incidents involving Villa at the complex but didn't elaborate.
Copyright 2013 CBS 5 (KPHO Broadcasting Corporation). All rights reserved.


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Enough signatures have been collected and presented to Smith County to hold a local option election in November for the sale of beer and wine for off-premise consumption in Precinct 1.
According to Karen Nelson, Smith County Election Administrator, a consulting firm called Texas Petition Strategies gathered 2,206 signatures, 371 more than the 1,835 needed.
The signatures were validated, but before the proposition is put to a vote, the issue will be presented to the Smith County Commissioners Court. The commissioners will then approve or reject the proposition for the November ballot.
The majority of Precinct 1 lies just outside the city limits to the northeast and northwest of Tyler.
Copyright 2013 KLTV. All rights reserved.
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18 U.S. Code § 2235 - Search warrant procured maliciously
Source(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 803; Pub. L. 104–294, title VI, § 601(a)(8),Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3498; Pub. L. 107–273, div. B, title III, § 3002(a)(3),Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1805.)
Historical and Revision Notes
Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., § 630 (June 15, 1917, ch. 30, title XI, § 20,40 Stat. 230).
Minor changes were made in phraseology.
2002—Pub. L. 107–273inserted ", or both" after "year".
1996—Pub. L. 104–294substituted "fined under this title" for "fined not more than $1,000".
The table below lists the classification updates, since Jan. 3, 2012, for this section. Updates to a broader range of sections may be found at the update page for containing chapter, title, etc.
The most recent Classification Table update that we have noticed was Tuesday, August 13, 2013
An empty table indicates that we see no relevant changes listed in the classification tables. If you suspect that our system may be missing something, please double-check with the Office of the Law Revision Counsel.
|Description of Change
|Session Year
|Public Law
|Statutes at Large
LII has no control over and does not endorse any external Internet site that contains links to or references LII.


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The first lady of Indian cricket Mrs. Sakshi Dhoni makes sure that she presents in every match that her husband plays and cheer for him and his team. She is stylish and lucky mascot of Chennai Super Kings. Sakshi Dhoni looks rocking as she cheers for Chennai Super Kings at the Indian Premiere Lea
Harsha Bhogle Book Launch 2011
Mahendra Singh Dhoni News
At the Mumbai Indians v/s Chennai Super Kings match, all eyes were on Vindoo Dara Singh and Mrs. Sakshi Dhoni. It came as quite a surprise to see the two of them seated together throughout the match. The cameras kept flashing on Sakshi and Vindoo Dara Singh throughout the match, almost wanting to
John Abraham made his debut in the film industry with his first movie Jism. The actor won many hearts with his acting and his finely carved body, thanks to his rigorous gym activity that he dedicates a nice chunk of his time to. The actor, who has won many accolades for vario


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Car Made of Legos May Be the Neatest Thing You'll See All Year
Think that castle you built with Legos when you were a kid was cool? Think again.
This video shows a car made of more than half a million Legos that runs on air. It doesn't get much cooler than that. Well, unless, gas stations made of Legos start popping up, but let's not push our luck.
Next: The Inside Scoop on the People in Some of Your Favorite Memes


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Welcome to Hellsten Hotels + Apartments, your Home Away from Home!
Change reserv.
Hellsten Hotels are your first and best option when in Helsinki. Depending on what you need, you can select from our hotel accommodation or reserve one of our spacious, serviced apartments. We're in three handy locations, two in the City Centre and one in Espoo. So all you have to do is choose. Whether you're on business or on vacation, whether with or without the family, think Hellsten.
Hellsten Hotel Apartments
tel: +358 9 511 05233


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|Whitewater Rafting
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Adirondack Adventures
North River, New York Rafting Trips
White Water rafting, Canoes, Kataks, Tubing, Overnight Camping, Fishing and more. Located on the river....
Affordable Rates from $20 Per Event
Rochester, New York Bike Tours
Ranked Number 1 Himalaya bike tour operators in India, Royalbikeriders have large group of mountain bike adventures, We focus on responsible tourism to give all facilities in Rides. Simply Visit our site Royalbikeriders...
Starting at 2,250 Per Person
Alpine Endeavors - Climb throughout New York
New Paltz, New York Rock Climbing
Offering professional instruction & guided trips for rock climbing, ice climbing, & mountaineering. Located in the Shawangunk & Adirondack Mountains, we operate daily locally and at unique locations throughout the U.S. AMGA Accredited and Certifie...
$125 Per Person
Adventure Sports
Catskills, New York Paragliding
Paragliding courses as well as tandems offered in the beautiful Catskill Mountains. Based in Ellenville NY there are many family activities as well in the area....
R & R Dude Ranch a year round Country Getaway
Buffalo, New York Horseback Riding
Bed & Breakfast on a "Real Working Horse Ranch" in WNY. A Winter Wonderland with Horseback Riding & lessons, Horse Camps, Family Vacation, Ranch Vacation, A creek for Swimming/tubing/fishing, Nature trails, 66 acres of paradise, A Country Get-A-Way...
Starting at $50 Per Night
Mountain Skills Climbing Guides- rock/ice climbing
New Paltz, New York Rock Climbing
Mountain Skills is a AMGA accreditated rock climbing guide service in NY. We offer rock and ice climbing trips from beginner to advanced in New York's Gunks and Catskill mountains. We climb seven days a week. Give us a call we are ready to rock....
Starting at $125 Per Person
Charter fishing & Lodging at resonable prices
Adirondacks, New York Sailing & Yacht Charters
Charter fishing for trout and salmon on lake Ontario with a friendly and knowledgeable captain combined with lodging at Feeder Creek Lodge at a fair and reasonable price....
$500 Per Trip
Lakeside Court
Cooperstown, New York Vacation Rentals
cottages across from Bemus Point ,beside the Ferry landing...
Brook n Wood R V Resort
Rhinebeck, New York Campgrounds & RV Parks
A 62 Acre Resort in Southern New York's Historic Hudson Valley with extra large RV sites and centrally located to all area attractions....
Starting at $49 Per Night
August Lodge Cooperstown
Cooperstown, New York Hotels & Resorts
August Lodge is a 25 suite, two story timber frame hotel, offering an authentic country experience in beautiful, rural surroundings. Our Lodge welcomes you!...
Starting at $75 Per Night
Nature & History Tours- Catskills, Poconos & more
New York Eco Tours
We offer all inclusive day tours to the Catskill, Pocono and Berkshire Mountains. Some of our activities include hikes to waterfalls, underground boat ride, dolphin watch tour, cave exploration, wine tasting, horseback riding and much more....
Affordable Rates from $109 Per Person
Best Dissertations Services
New York Mills, New York Language Schools
Best dissertation service guarantees you that the submitted paper will satisfy all your dissertation needs. It is true that writing a thesis or a dissertation can be an extremely challenging task, especially if you have some other assignments to writ...
Vine University - Long Island Wine Making Class
North Fork, New York Wine Tasting
Tripadvisor's #1 area waterfront B&B. .Wine Enthusiast's pick,Vine Time is amazing -all-inclusive food and wine getaway. Vine U has it all, and you will end up with 2 1/2 cases of wine . see our website...
Starting at $770 Per Person
Free New York City Tours
New York Sight-Seeing Tours
Offers pay-what-your-like New York tours....
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Hamptons, New York Sight-Seeing Tours
New Zealand Adventure Co. specializes in the customization of exciting active New Zealand & Australia experiences. ...
$200 Per Night
Gotham Walking Tours
New York Sight-Seeing Tours
Entertaining private walking tours of Manhattan and Brooklyn....
Lake Ontario Fishing Charters New York
Henderson, New York Fishing Trips
Lake Ontario fishing charters from Pulaski to Henderson Harbor NY. Fishing for Trophy Salmon, Trout, Walleye, Pike, Bass. Our U.S. Coast Guard Captain's, each with over 20 years experience invite you to fish exciting Lake Ontario....
Affordable Rates from $600 Per Trip
|Link Code


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About this artwork:
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Order a custom work by Clara Vidal! Are you interested by a custom artwork from Clara Vidal ? To enquire about customizing an existing artwork, or create a completely new project based on your requirements, please contact the artist and provide all details about your project. Artist will be back to you within 48h.
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A new UCSF research project is exploring whether singing in a community choir can provide tangible health advantages to older adults.
Latest News
February 10, 2012
The Second Annual Florence Stroud Black History Month Conference Series presents a special symposium, "Joining Forces: Answering the Call to Serve Military Families.'' The event will focus on the myriad challenges facing members of the military and their families, including post-traumatic stress disorder, suicide, and other psychological issues.
November 29, 2011
The nation's largest for-profit nursing homes deliver significantly lower quality of care because they typically have fewer staff nurses than non-profit and government-owned nursing homes, according to a UCSF-led analysis.
August 09, 2011
As flu season approaches, health care providers need to do more to improve rates of influenza immunizations in lower-income communities, according to new research that identifies the factors that most influence when people obtain flu shots.
January 31, 2011
UCSF is holding a panel discussion to provide an overview of a report issued late last year by the Institute of Medicine, which found that the role, responsibilities and education of nurses should significantly change in coming years.
August 24, 2010
In a study of elderly Americans who moved to a nursing home for their final months or years of life, 80 percent died there within one year, according to an investigation by researchers at the San Francisco VA Medical Center and the University of California, San Francisco.
August 16, 2010
Specialists in geriatric medicine at the San Francisco VA Medical Center and the VA Connecticut Healthcare System call the traditional approach of advance care planning "fundamentally flawed," and propose a new paradigm.
February 04, 2010
A landmark textbook focusing on lesbian health, based on extensive research and the clinical experience of its 46 chapter authors, is now available.


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If you need to fly, get ready for some changes with ticket prices.
Expect airfares to increase at least 5 to 6 percent. Fuel costs are higher, so airlines are passing that on to consumers.
Flyers know it's not about the fares anymore, it's about the fees.
Travelers are tired of being nickel and dimed, so bundling is going to be a big deal this year.
Instead of separate baggage fees or cancellation fees, all of those will be bundled into one fee -- even if you don't want some of the items they're bundling.
Some airlines are putting together custom packages for round trips that include everything from on-board meals and priority boarding.
You will still be able to get good deals on off-peak days: Tuesday, Wednesday and Saturday, along with off-peak season: January and February.
Seating will be tight unless you're in first class.
Some airlines are adding new planes where the seats will be more comfortable.
Many expect American Airlines and US Airways will merge this year, leaving fewer seats and less competition.
There are also some fake deals online. For instance, scammers are targeting travelers using Instagram by using a fraudulent American Airlines account -- offering a free round trip ticket.
There are several fake Twitter and Instagram handles offering free tickets or some type of great giveaway, getting users to click on a link -- which scammers use to obtain personal information.
Video: FOX 10's Diane Ryan reports.
Didn't find what you were looking for?
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false pdp {"scheme":"product1_cr"}
false pdp {"scheme":"product2_cr"}
Windshield Snow Cover-Car 14 14
Favorable windshield snow cover for car I read the instructions and installed it on my car before the snow fell as a practice run. It's very easy to use and has worked well. February 27, 2014
Don't get it...a carpenter bag would work just the same This product is a big disappointment. Improvements sold a different car windshield cover that had their name on it and it was great. I thought I'd be getting the same quality. (I needed to order the SUV sized cover because my car has a large windshield). This particular brand they are selling is awful and ineffective. It's flimsy and while it might keep snow off, it doesn't block out moisture. As a result, I still have to use an ice scraper after I struggle to remove it. When you take the cover off the windshield you are peeling it off of ice that formed underneath the cover on your windshield and car. Having the cover stick like glue is a hassle and it wastes time...just what I want to be saving. I'd expect this icing problem to happen if I had put it on after it had already started snowing/sleeting, but this was put on while my windshield was still dry. This has happened twice and I won't bother using this cover again. Biggest waste of money. Don't bother buying it. I'm not sure why Improvements doesn't sell the original one they made with their logo on it (which I purchased spring 2013). January 30, 2014
Not worth the money I've been looking for a quality windshield protection cover, something made of nylon, and able to withstand the elements. This isn't it. This cover is of a plastic style construction, resembling a cheap shower curtain liner material. I doubt that it will hold-up. It's certainly not worth the investment. January 30, 2014
Windshield snow cover Item is way too light weight. First night I used it, the high winds blew it right away from car. I turned car in opposite direction of wind, and it stayed on the next night. It needs more heavy duty magnets. January 30, 2014
Product:411377-Windshield Snow Covers


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Salary Cap Kings Week3
Recent Articles
Kings Camp 2014: Checking in with Vincent LoVerde
Every hockey player's path is different. Some, like Drew Doughty, are early first round picks and step into the league right away. Others have a longer road in pursuit of fulfilling their NHL dreams. After four seasons at Miami University, Vincent LoVerde's professional journey began by being cut from an ECHL team. From there, LoVerde [...]
Training Camp Open, Kings Trade Coming Next
Last summer, Dean Lombardi and his staff spent hours, days, and weeks-on-end agonizing over the salary cap. How were they going to get certain people re-signed, fit everybody under the cap, and make it all work without damaging their future wiggle room? In the end, Lombardi and Jeff Solomon, his key right hand in these [...]
Kings Camp Preview: 7 Questions with Dman Andrew Bodnarchuk
Even without suiting up for a single NHL game, one could argue that last season was a career best for Manchester Monarchs defenseman Andrew Bodnarchuk. In his sixth professional season, the former Bruins draft pick put up 32 points, 12 more than his previous best of 20. On top of that, his +43 rating left [...]
Major News Items
MAJOR NEWS: Kings Preparing To Move Top Prospects To SoCal
Note to webmasters/reporters: When recapping news or interviews from this site please remember to include a link to www.MayorsManor.com Follow @mayorNHL In a story that MayorsManor has been chasing for the … [Read More...]


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Main Content
In a championship run that came down to the very last race, Tony Stewart pulled off an upset beating points leader Carl Edwards in a title battle for the ages. This No. 14 Office Depot Champion die-cast celebrates Stewart's third NASCAR Sprint Cup Series championship with the Champ logo and a replica paint scheme. Don't miss your chance to commemorate Stewart's incredible season. Reserve your champion die-cast now.
- 1:24-Scale die-cast collectible
- Accurate header contour
- Car-specific DIN included for registration
- Color chrome finish
- Detailed disk brake assembly
- Detailed trunk compartment with authentic painted fuel cell
- Detailed, front working suspension
- Die-cast collectible car
- Die-cast tie rod assembly
- Fabric window net
- Includes a sticker designating its production quantity to heighten its future value
- Interior hoses painted black
- Limited edition of 664
- More than 100 total parts and pieces
- Officially licensed
- Opening hood and trunk
- Painted window detail
- Realistic radiator
- Rear window funnel access
- Roof camera
- Rubber tires
- Spark plug wires
- Stamped metal hinges on hood and trunk
- White drive shaft
- Working rack and pinion steering
Special event items are produced by manufacturers only after the outcome of a game or event. These are advanced sale items and will ship immediately after they are received in our warehouse.
Manufacturer direct items are shipped directly from the manufacturer. These items are not available for international or expedited shipping.
Customized items can be personalized with options such as your name, your favorite number, and/or designs. Some options may be limited by league rules.


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Lil' Kim
The Grapes of Rap
Hip-hop's new love for Moscato is a boon for one kosher winemaker. And the grape itself couldn't be more Jewish.
'Exodus: Gods and Kings' is a shoddy imitation of 'Price of Egypt'5:17 PM —
Who needs Christian Bale as Moses when Val Kilmer did a brilliant job in the 90s?
Brooklyn Cantor Leaves Rikers Early3:20 PM —
Baruch Lebovits, who pleaded guilty to child molestation in May, served less than three months
Hitler's Deputy Thought He Was Being Poisoned3:13 PM —
Rudolf Hess' prison food is being photographed for the first time.
'Ghostbusters' for Libertarians1:30 PM —
How the 1984 paranormal comedy ended up in the conservative film canon
'Transparent' is the Most Jewish TV Show in a While—and it's Great12:29 PM —
Jill Soloway's latest offering is absorbing, sincere, and tender
My Husband Wanted to Break the Fast Early and I Didn't11:15 AM —
A case of how doing what seems wrong can also be what's right
Is Baseball's Rod Carew Jewish?10:30 AM —
Setting the record straight on the Hall of Famer's 69th birthday
A Brief History of a Fowl Custom9:50 AM —
Talmudic scholars have never agreed on the pre-Yom Kippur chicken sacrifice
Watch Israeli President Reuven Rivlin's Moving Anti-Racism Message9:13 AM —
Rivlin joins 11-year-old George Amira, whose anti-bullying video went viral
Orthodox Man Refuses To Sit Next to Feminist Activist on AirplaneBy Elana Sztokman — Elana Sztokman flies the not-so friendly skies home to Israel
My Jewish Feminism: A MemoirBy Anne Roiphe — The influential writer reflects on six decades of art, worry, and Jewish Princess jokes
How To Say You're SorryBy Marjorie Ingall — As Yom Kippur approaches, I'll share what I've learned about how to apologize—and how not to
El Al Petition Seeks to End Gender Discrimination
It's Never Too Late To Atone
Facebook, Unchain Me!
Jacob de Haan, Israel's Forgotten Gay Haredi Political Poet
The Most Important Thing Netanyahu Did in New York Wasn't at the U.N.
Taking the Lessons of Yom Kippur Beyond the Synagogue
Twitter: tabletmag
- My husband wanted to break the fast early and I didn't: @JudyBatalion's #YomKippur dilemma http://t.co/4iWqztAt6v @Kveller @NYTMotherlode
Basya Schechter Mixes Prayer Songs With Brass, Oud, and Radiohead
On a new album, the captivating leader of the band Pharaoh's Daughter reclaims the music that dominated her religious childhood
Love Syndrome: Israel Story, Episode 2
Chaya Ben Baruch's sixth child was born with Down syndrome. Then she did what every good mother does—set out to find him a mate.
Leonard Bernstein: A New Look at His Rise, His Foibles, and His Impact on Music History
The dynamic conductor and genius behind 'West Side Story' also wrote classical works. Allen Shawn explores what they reveal.
- Debut Novelist Yelena Akhtiorskaya on Misery, Writing, and Brighton Beach
- Review: "This Is Where I Leave You"
- Buzzfeed Hipsters Sample Jewish Food For the First Time
- Brooklyn's Best Vintage Store Also Supports Jewish Kids With Serious Illnesses
- Playwright Jessica Goldberg?s ?Better?: When misery begets art
- My Evening with LeAnn Rimes & the LA County Sherriff
- A Conversation with Jim Marchese of Real Housewives of New Jersey
- Edge of Tomorrow: At 91, Grandma reflects on the state of the world and her soul for Rosh Hashanah


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Electronic muscle stimulators, or EMS stimulators, are electrical muscle stimulation devices designed to safely cause muscles to contract with electric pulses. Generating the impulses through electrode pads placed in specific places on the skin, the electrical impulses from the electronic muscle stimulator essentially mimic the same impulses generated by the central nervous system. One of the earlier forms of electrotherapy, electronic muscle stimulation is commonly used for muscle training and rehabilitation, and is commonly used by athletes, trainers, coaches, and physical therapists.
Electronic muscle stimulators are used for both training and therapeutic purposes. In the medical field, EMS stimulators are used for rehabilitation of muscles, such as when a patient suffers a musculoskeletal injury and there is concern for disuse muscle atrophy. EMS should not be confused with TENS Therapy, or Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation, in which electrical impulses are used to stimulate nerves for relief of acute or chronic pain. Electronic muscles stimulators are commonly used immediately after surgery to stimulate calf muscles in an effort to prevent venous thrombosis, and are also used for increasing circulation, muscle re-education, and increasing or maintaining range of motion.
In addition to muscle recovery and prevention of atrophy, electronic muscle stimulators are used as a training tool. Some use electronic muscle stimulators to target specific muscle groups for aesthetic purposes. While devices such as the Slendertone and other EMS abdominal belts are effective for specific muscle toning, they are not able to provide enough of a caloric burn to be considered a fat burning or weight loss device. The amount of calories burned by an electronic muscle stimulator is marginal at best, and to effectively burn calories, the body must be engaged in physical exercise where several muscles, the heart, and the respiratory system are all working. EMS stimulators are not meant to burn fat or calories, but to target specific muscle groups for specific training goals. Many professional level athletes and coaches use the devices to supplement their training regimen and help speed up the recovery process. Electronic muscle stimulators are also commonly used to increase or maintain range of motion.
The United States Food and Drug Administration has certified EMS devices as either over-the-counter or prescription devices, and has recognized that electronic muscle stimulators used for medical purposes should be used under supervision of an authorized practitioner, such as a doctor or therapist. The FDA recognizes EMS stimulators as being used for:
Because EMS stimulators generate an electric current through the skin, they should not be used:
Some patients may have bad skin reactions to the EMS electrode pads, and burns may occur when the device is used improperly. Be sure to check with doctor or therapist to make sure that use of an electronic muscle stimulator is right for you.
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If you've accomplished "beginner-like" fitness goals and you need something different to keep yourself interested in the gym (or the outdoors)... I suggest a sprint triathlon. It has all of the elements of a triathlon (only shorter distances) and is the perfect fit to switch up your routine.
Now let's get one thing straight: I've never been an "athlete". In the last handful of years, I've taken an interest in my health and working out. And, dare I say, I've liked it!
My first accomplishments were a few 5K's and after, a few half marathons. However, I knew I was never going to accomplish a full marathon. (Okay, if we are being honest, I have never WANTED to finish a full marathon. I commend those athletes who are committed - their mind, body & time - to completing one, and I promise to be at the finish line cheering!)
Let's start at the end of the race and work our way forward:
RUN. (Sprint Tri Distance: 5K)
Running is one of those exercises (most) everyone can do. If you have a desire to lose weight, get healthy or achieve a fitness goal, running is a great option. You don't need fancy equipment or even a gym membership. All you need is a will to do it and a good pair of shoes. Because of the elements, I did not run outside at all for my training. I exclusively trained on a treadmill and never ran over 4 miles. I didn't worry about the run too much. I had run before and that seemed like the easy part. I made sure to not ignore the need to run and got on the treadmill at least a few times a week (usually after my bike workout so I got accustomed to the feeling of transitioning from one exercise to the next).
BIKE. (Sprint Tri Distance: 20K)
In training for my sprint triathlon, I didn't bike for a second outside. I did my entire training on a spin bike. If you are a member of a gym with spin (or cycling) classes offered, this is your ticket to training without a coach (or plan). Go to spin class, jump on the treadmill after (even if it's just for a few minutes or miles). That was my theory, and it worked well.
SWIM. (Sprint Tri Distance: 400-750 Meters)
This was the most frightening part of the entire race for me. Don't follow my theory for training - which was just don't train! I thought: "Swimming... I took swimming lessons when I was little... I can swim, I don't need to train." Do as I say, not as I did. Find a pool. All cities have a public pool with open swim at a reasonable rate.
As you can tell, I didn't have a plan for the way I trained. That's the way I liked it. I ran a few times a week, I biked (or went to spin class) a few times a week, and I should have swam once a week. I also added weight training when I could.
My favorite part: I worked more muscles than exclusively running and it was fun! Unlike a running event, I didn't exhaust just a few of my muscles and, for someone who gets bored running, it was fun and engaging to change activities - twice!
3 Beginner tips:
1. Find a buddy! Complete the race with a friend. It makes it fun and helps with the anxiety. (And, if you are nervous about the swim - like I was - ask for a swim buddy provided by the race organizers!)
2. Go to the "course class/prep" - offered at the expo the day before. Trust me, it is worth your time! Most of your worries will be unfounded and it will make the next day much less stressful. Remember to ask questions.
3. Rent!! Rent a nice bike. Rent a wet suit (if it's recommended).
Good luck. See you in the water... on the bike... and running through the finish line!


text:
Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate Repair
- Home
- Health Information
- Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate Repair
|Infant With Cleft Lip
|Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.
Reasons for Procedure
- Ear infections—fluid is not able to drain properly from the ear
- Hearing impairment
- Speech problems
- Dental problems such as missing or malformed teeth
- Feeding difficulties—A baby with a cleft lip may have a hard time sucking. A cleft palate can cause milk or formula to enter the nasal cavity.
- Close the separation in the lip.
- Create a curve in the middle part of the upper lip.
- Create the right amount of distance between the upper lip and the nose.
- Allow the lips to close with a tight seal.
Possible Complications
- Bleeding
- Infection
- Scars not healing correctly
- Reaction to the anesthesia
- Damage to nerves, blood vessels, muscles, or lungs
What to Expect
Prior to Procedures
- Order tests such as blood tests, urine tests, and x-rays
- Ask about your child's medical history and do a physical exam
- Give you a chance to ask questions about the surgeries and recovery process
Description of the Procedures
Immediately After Procedures
How Long Will It Take?
- Cleft lip repair—about two hours
- Cleft palate repair—2-4 hours
How Much Will It Hurt?
Average Hospital Stay
Post-procedure Care
- Give your child nutrition and fluids through a vein in the arm, then later by mouth.
- Give oxygen through the nose, if needed.
- Give your child pain medication.
- Use elbow splints to keep your child's hands away from his incisions.
- Washing their hands
- Wearing gloves or masks
- Keeping your child's incisions covered
- Washing both you and your child's hands often, and reminding visitors and healthcare providers to do the same
- Reminding your child's healthcare providers to wear gloves or masks
- Not allowing others to touch your child's incision
- If your child had cleft lip repair, clean the incision areas throughout the day, especially after feedings.
- Give your child pain medication as needed. If your child had a cleft lip repair, you may need to put ointment on your child's lip. Your child may also need antibiotics.
- Use elbow splints to keep your child's hands away from the incision area. You will be able to remove the splints throughout the day while you watch your child closely.
- At first, your baby will be given fluids using a special bottle with a rubber-tip syringe or a spoutless cup. You will then be instructed to resume your baby's normal breastmilk or formula feedings. If your child had cleft lip repair and is old enough, you will be able to feed them a soft diet using a spoon. If your child had cleft palate repair, start with a liquid diet, because food and utensils could interfere with the healing process.
- Your child will be uncomfortable and irritable. Comfort your child.
- Ask the doctor about how to wash your child's face and when it is safe for your child to bathe or soak in water.
- If your school-age child had surgery, they may struggle with teasing from their classmates. Encourage your child to talk to you. Be there to listen to their concerns. Your child may also benefit from working with a therapist. This can help them cope with their condition and surgeries.
- Apply sunscreen to your child's face, especially on the healed incision area.
- Be sure to follow the doctor's instructions.
Call Your Child's Doctor
- Signs of dehydration —little or no urination, sunken soft spot on head in babies, no tears when crying, dry and cracked lips
- Bleeding
- Signs of infection, including fever and chills
- Irritability
- Refusal to drink
- Redness, swelling, increasing pain, or bleeding or discharge from the incision site
- Cough or shortness of breath
- Nausea or vomiting
- Any new symptoms
Birth Defects Centers for Disease Control and Prevention http://www.cdc.gov
National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research http://www.nidcr.nih.gov
Birth Defect Research for Children http://www.birthdefects.org
Health Canada http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca
Cleft lip and cleft palate repair. American Society of Plastic Surgeons website. Available at: http://www.plasticsurgery.org/x7352.xml. Accessed August 21, 2013.
Cleft lip and palate. Nemours Kids Health website. Available at: http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/ears/cleft%5Flip%5Fpalate.html. Updated January 2011. Accessed August 21, 2013.
Cleft lip and palate. Pediatric Plastic Surgery website. Available at: http://smilesforkids.missouri.edu/common%5Fconditions/clp.php. Accessed August 21, 2013.
Rosen H, Barrios LM, Reinisch JF, Macgill K, Meara JG. Outpatient cleft lip repair. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2003;112(2):381-387.
What to expect: cleft lip surgery. University of Missouri Children's Hospital, Pediatric Plastic Surgery website. Available at: http://smilesforkids.missouri.edu/for%5Fparents/cl%5Fexpectations.php. Accessed August 21, 2013.
Revision Information
- Reviewer: Michael Woods, MD
- Review Date: 09/2013 -
- Update Date: 00/12/2014 -


text:
Audio Clips of Telephone Calls to NCI's Cancer Information Service
(Type: MP3 | Time: 3:34 | Size: 41.2 MB)
Read the transcript
Listen to re-enactments of actual calls to the CIS Contact Center. The selected inquiries are followed by responses from CIS information specialists and then closing comments from callers. There is a two second pause between segments.
Protein Helps Predict Cancer Therapy-induced Heart Damage
In a prospective study of 251 women with HER2-positive breast cancer, women with elevated blood levels of a protein called troponin I had significantly higher rates of cardiotoxicity (heart damage) during treatment with trastuzumab (Herceptin) than women who did not have elevated levels of troponin I before or during treatment. Women with elevated troponin I were also three times less likely to recover from the observed heart damage. The results came from a study led by Dr. Daniela Cardinale of the European Institute of Oncology in Milan, Italy, and were published online August 2 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. Read more > >
Bone Drugs Do Not Appear to Increase Esophageal or Gastric Cancer RiskCancer rates were similar for oral bisphosphonate users and nonusers
Immune Cells' Anticancer Abilities May Be Hampered by High Lipid LevelsStudy suggests new way to enhance cancer immunotherapy
microRNA May Regulate Growth of Tumor Blood VesselsDiscovery could lead to strategies for blocking angiogenesis
Many U.S. and Canadian Oncologists Unprepared to Use Cost-effectiveness Data in PracticeSurvey shows similar opinions among oncologists in both countries
NCI Cancer Bulletin Publication Break
The NCI Cancer Bulletin will not be published on August 24. Our next issue will be released on September 7, when we resume our usual biweekly publication schedule. If you are not yet a subscriber, please submit your e-mail address in the toolbox above to begin your free subscription.
A Cancer Treatment That Sticks AroundAnimal studies set stage to test immunotherapy regimen in human trial
NCI's Cancer Information Service: Providing Information and Assistance NationwideFor 35 years, information specialists have answered the public's questions about cancer
Featured Clinical Trial: Cediranib to Treat Alveolar Soft Part SarcomaDoes experimental drug shrink tumors in patients with this disease?
The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Wake Forest UniversityThe cancer center focuses on cancer issues that are important to communities in the region
Legislative Update
- Project Cancer Education: An Introduction to Translational Research at NCI
Cancer.gov Update
- NCI Recovery Act Web Site Highlights Cancer Disparity Studies
- NIH Intramural Research Program Is Recruiting Earl Stadtman Investigators
- Office of China Cancer Programs Issues Report on Symposium
- New Issue of OCG e-News Available
Selected articles from past issues of the NCI Cancer Bulletin are available in Spanish.
The NCI Cancer Bulletin is produced by the National Cancer Institute (NCI), which was established in 1937. Through basic, clinical, and population-based biomedical research and training, NCI conducts and supports research that will lead to a future in which we can identify the environmental and genetic causes of cancer, prevent cancer before it starts, identify cancers that do develop at the earliest stage, eliminate cancers through innovative treatment interventions, and biologically control those cancers that we cannot eliminate so they become manageable, chronic diseases.
For more information about cancer, call 1-800-4-CANCER or visit .
NCI Cancer Bulletin staff can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com.
Featured Article
Protein Helps Predict Cancer Therapy-induced Heart Damage
In a prospective study of 251 women with HER2-positive breast cancer, women with elevated blood levels of a protein called troponin I had significantly higher rates of cardiotoxicity (heart damage) during treatment with trastuzumab (Herceptin) than women who did not have elevated levels of troponin I before or during treatment. Women with elevated troponin I were also three times less likely to recover from the observed heart damage. The results came from a study led by Dr. Daniela Cardinale of the European Institute of Oncology in Milan, Italy, and were published online August 2 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.
Measurement of troponin I levels "seems to allow us to distinguish patients with a more favorable cardiac outcome from those in whom close cardiologic monitoring is mandatory and for whom prophylactic strategies for prevention of…cardiotoxicity should be planned," Dr. Cardinale and her colleagues wrote.
The new data add to the growing body of knowledge concerning the relationship between anthracycline-based chemotherapy, trastuzumab, and heart damage. Cardiotoxicity in patients receiving trastuzumab is more likely if they have had previous anthracycline treatment, and those patients treated with sequential anthracycline therapy and trastuzumab are less likely to recover cardiac function than patients not previously treated with this class of drugs. Anthracyclines cause heart damage through a well-understood pathway, and the Italian researchers had previously shown that elevated troponin I levels can predict chemotherapy-induced heart injury.
For the current study, the researchers prospectively enrolled 123 women receiving adjuvant trastuzumab for newly diagnosed breast cancer and 128 women receiving trastuzumab for metastatic breast cancer. All of the women had their left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)—a measurement of heart function—and troponin I concentrations evaluated before and during the study and during follow-up visits.
Patients who developed heart damage during the study discontinued trastuzumab and began heart failure treatment with the drugs enalapril and carvedilol, with additional heart treatments allowed as required. Doctors did not alter any patients' treatment in response to changes in troponin I levels.
Overall, the researchers found elevated troponin I levels in 36 women, including 7 who had elevated levels even before trastuzumab treatment, most likely due to pre-existing heart damage from previous chemotherapy. In an analysis that looked at factors associated with risk for cardiac damage, including age, hypertension, high cholesterol, and smoking, elevated troponin I was the only independent predictor of heart damage during trastuzumab treatment, although previous treatment with an anthracycline neared statistical significance.
Sixty-two percent of the women who experienced trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity (TIC) had elevated troponin I levels during treatment. Sixty percent of all women with TIC recovered normal heart function after withdrawal of trastuzumab and treatment with heart-failure medications, but this recovery was not uniformly linked to low troponin I levels. While all of the women who did not recover heart function had elevated troponin I levels during treatment, 36 percent of women with elevated troponin recovered normal heart function.
Ninety percent of patients who experienced TIC had previously received chemotherapy with an anthracycline. The relationship between heart damage induced by these drugs is still being studied, explained Dr. Michael Ewer of the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center and Dr. Steven Ewer of the University of Wisconsin, in an accompanying editorial.
One proposed explanation for the increased incidence of TIC in patients previously treated with anthracyclines is that trastuzumab by itself is not especially toxic to heart tissue, but that the drug aggravates anthracycline-induced heart damage by blocking HER2. HER2 is expressed in heart muscle as well as in breast tissue and may play a vital role in cardiac cellular repair mechanisms. Therefore, blocking HER2 may prevent the heart from repairing itself after exposure to anthracycline-based chemotherapy. "What we seem to be seeing is a modulating effect of trastuzumab on the vulnerable and previously damaged myocyte [heart muscle cell]," they wrote.
These results "are potentially very useful in terms of helping identify patients who may be at high risk for developing irreversible cardiac toxicity," said Dr. Stanley Lipkowitz, senior investigator in the Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology in NCI's Center for Cancer Research and an attending physician at the National Naval Medical Center's Breast Care Center. However, this relatively small study does have several limitations, he explained. Patients were treated in both the adjuvant and metastatic setting and with several different chemotherapy regimens. "It would be helpful to confirm the results in larger studies in each setting and ideally in studies where the chemotherapy is consistent," he said.
In addition, Dr. Lipkowitz continued, longer-term follow-up is needed for women receiving adjuvant trastuzumab who have a longer life expectancy than women with metastatic disease. These women are at risk of late-stage side effects, and further research might refine the factors that predict TIC.
"Importantly, 10 out of 36 patients with elevated troponin I during trastuzumab treatment did not develop cardiac toxicity, and 9 out of 26 patients with elevated troponin I and TIC during trastuzumab treatment recovered LVEF," explained Dr. Lipkowitz. Additional studies are needed to confirm these results and to refine the levels or kinetics of troponin I elevation that correlate with cardiac outcomes, as well as how best to use such tests to guide treatment, he said.
—Sharon Reynolds
Cancer Research Highlights
Bone Drugs Do Not Appear to Increase Esophageal or Gastric Cancer Risk
Contrary to previous reports, researchers in the United Kingdom and at NCI have found no significant link at any level of use between oral bisphosphonates, drugs used to treat or prevent osteoporosis and bone-density loss, and esophageal or gastric cancer. The findings were published online August 10 in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
Dr. Chris Cardwell of Queen's University Belfast and his colleagues analyzed medical data from more than 80,000 patients listed in the UK General Practice Research Database, half of who had been treated with bisphosphonates between 1996 and 2006 and half who had not used bisphosphonates. The patients were predominantly female (81 percent), with an average age of 70, and the follow-up time was 4.5 years for the bisphosphonate group and 4.4 years for the control group.
The rates of esophageal and gastric cancer were similar in both groups. Among the 41,826 people who took oral bisphosphonates, 116 developed gastric or esophageal cancer, compared with 115 people in the control group.
In January 2009, Dr. Diane Wysowski of the FDA urged caution when prescribing oral bisphosphonates to patients with preneoplastic lesions in the esophagus and called for studies of the association between bisphosphonates and esophageal cancer. However, in view of the new findings, "these drugs should not be withheld, on the basis of possible esophageal cancer risk, from patients with a genuine clinical indication for their use," the researchers wrote.
Immune Cells' Anticancer Abilities May Be Hampered by High Lipid Levels
In both mice and humans with cancer, dendritic cells, which are important components of the immune system, tend to have high lipid levels that significantly hamper their ability to direct other immune cells to attack cancer cells, a team of U.S. researchers reported. The research team also showed that a drug that interferes with the synthesis of these fat molecules restores dendritic cells' ability to stimulate an antitumor response. The study was published in the August 2010 Nature Medicine.
Dendritic cells take up and process proteins and other molecules made by cancer cells (as well as viruses, bacteria, and other foreign bodies) and "present" them as antigens to other immune cells, so they can elicit an attack. Dr. Dmitry Gabrilovich from the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and colleagues showed that dendritic cells in both mouse models of cancer and human tumor samples had significantly higher lipid levels—specifically triglycerides—than those from healthy mice and humans.
Dendritic cells with normal lipid levels generated a robust immune response, whereas the response generated by dendritic cells with elevated lipid levels was much weaker. Further experiments demonstrated that dendritic cells with elevated lipid levels had "profound defects" in their ability to take up and process antigen material, the researchers wrote.
In mice, treatment with a drug that interferes with the synthesis of fatty acids, called TOFA, "decreased the presence of lipid-laden dendritic cells" and restored their ability to "stimulate allogeneic T cells," they reported. Combining a cancer vaccine with TOFA significantly shrank tumors, whereas the vaccines given alone had very little antitumor effect.
The findings suggest a new potential avenue for cancer immunotherapy, wrote Drs. Laurence Zitvogel and Guido Kroemer in an accompanying editorial. "Interfering with triglyceride accumulation in [dendritic cells] might constitute a promising strategy to restore anticancer immune responses and improve the efficacy of therapeutic vaccinations and conventional chemotherapies," they concluded.
microRNA May Regulate Growth of Tumor Blood Vessels
The growth of blood vessels that supply tumors with essential nutrients may be regulated in endothelial cells by a small RNA molecule, or microRNA, a new study suggests. Researchers identified a microRNA called miR-132 that appears to act as a molecular switch for endothelial cell growth, causing the cells to transition out of their normal resting state and form new blood vessels (angiogenesis). The study, which could lead to a strategy for preventing angiogenesis and potentially for treating cancer, was published online by Dr. David Cheresh of the University of California, San Diego, and his colleagues August 1 in Nature Medicine.
Endothelial cells are among the least proliferative types of cells in adults, but they can be activated in response to certain cues, such as growth factors. Suspecting that microRNAs, which are known to regulate genes, might play a role, the researchers profiled microRNAs in a stem cell model of human vascular development and identified miR-132 as highly upregulated during the development of blood vessels. They then confirmed that miR-132 expression was also highly elevated in benign lesions of blood vessels, or hemangiomas, and in the blood vessels of human tumors, but was not detectable in normal blood vessels.
A molecular pathway analysis revealed that miR-132 suppresses the expression of a gene that encodes the protein p120RasGAP, which is a negative regulator of the protein Ras. Ras is frequently altered in cancer, so targeting miR-132 could be a way to intervene in an important pathway, the researchers said. And because miR-132 is found primarily in endothelial cells, these strategies would likely be specific to these cells, they noted.
As a proof of principle, the researchers used nanoparticle technologies they have developed to deliver an inhibitor of miR-132 directly to the vasculature of tumor-bearing mice. This treatment resulted in the blockade of tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth. Moreover, in mice with retinal disease that featured the growth of new blood vessels, direct injection of the anti-miR-132 into the eye was able to suppress angiogenesis in the retina.
"We essentially turned off the angiogenic switch during angiogenesis," said Dr. Cheresh. The preponderance of growth in these cells was reduced, making it feasible to apply this kind of approach to patients with cancer and retinal diseases characterized by extensive angiogenesis, he added.
Many U.S. and Canadian Oncologists Unprepared to Use Cost-effectiveness Data in Practice
Despite broad differences between their nation's health care systems, Canadian and U.S. oncologists have similar opinions about how drug costs and comparative effectiveness should factor into decisions about patient care, report the authors of a recent survey. (The Canadian government funds health care, whereas the U.S. government does not.) The survey also revealed that oncologists in both countries do not feel adequately prepared to discuss treatment costs or comparative effectiveness with their patients. The results appeared online August 9 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.
Nearly 800 randomly selected members of the American Society of Clinical Oncology took part in the survey, which was funded in part by the California HealthCare Foundation. In Canada, surveys were offered to members of national medical and oncology organizations, and 138 responses were received.
The survey showed that most physicians in both countries believe that patients should have access to effective cancer treatments only if the treatments provide a "good value for [the] money," though significantly more Canadians felt this way than Americans (75 percent versus 58 percent, respectively). The threshold for a "good value" was higher for Canadians than for Americans, but most oncologists in both countries believe that a ratio of less than $100,000 per life-year gained was appropriate. However, less than half of the oncologists (42 percent of the Americans and 49 percent of the Canadians) felt prepared to factor cost-effectiveness into their treatment decisions.
Clinicians in both countries did not favor government or insurance companies making decisions about whether specific drugs provide good value, but they did favor physicians and nonprofits doing so; and the majority in both countries felt that more government price controls for cancer drugs are needed, though this opinion was less common in the United States (57 percent) than in Canada (68 percent).
The authors noted the possibility of biases in their results due to different survey methods used in each country. But they concluded that because the opinions of the two groups were so similar, and because oncologists in both countries face rapidly rising costs of new cancer medications that may or may not be covered by health insurers, oncologists in the United States and Canada should collaborate on strategies to face the challenges ahead.
Special Report
A Cancer Treatment That Sticks Around
A new study in mice may help revive the clinical prospects of the cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), a drug that stimulates the immune system to attack tumors. Based on the results of this study and an earlier study by the same group of researchers, a phase I clinical trial is being planned to test the treatment in patients with bladder cancer. The new study will be published in the September Journal of Immunotherapy.
IL-12, a protein that has been the subject of intense investigation for several decades, modulates important components of the immune system and has demonstrated dramatic antitumor effects in numerous laboratory and animal model studies. Its clinical development, however, has been stunted by significant toxicities seen in several human trials in which it was given intravenously or subcutaneously.
In an effort to circumvent that problem, Dr. John Greiner of the Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology in NCI's Center for Cancer Research and colleagues mixed IL-12 with a compound called chitosan, a biological adhesive that can bind synthetic or biological molecules to tissue. The resulting mixture was injected directly into a tumor.
Chitosan, which is a polysaccharide derived from the shells of crustaceans such as shrimp or lobster, is an important part of a "delivery system" that brings IL-12 "directly into the tumor environment," explained Dr. Greiner. The treatment was not only effective in the mouse studies, but appears to be very safe with no apparent toxic side effects.
In the team's previous study, chitosan/IL-12 eradicated tumors in a mouse model of bladder cancer. In this new study, they used mouse models of colorectal and pancreatic cancer. First, using noninvasive imaging techniques, they showed that after injecting tumors with chitosan/IL-12 the cytokine remained within the tumor microenvironment for nearly a week, but when IL-12 alone was injected it remained there for only a day.
Study co-author Dr. David Zaharoff, now at the University of Arkansas, who initially developed the idea for combining IL-12 with a bioadhesive, likened chitosan to maple syrup. "The high viscosity of chitosan inhibits diffusion of co-formulated molecules," he said. "As a result, chitosan is able to hold IL-12 in the tumor microenvironment and maintain it there for a long period of time."
In a second set of experiments, they showed that intratumoral injection of chitosan/IL-12 once a week for 3 weeks completely eradicated tumors in 90 percent of the mice, whereas IL-12 alone had only limited efficacy. There was little impact on tumor shrinkage or survival when chitosan was combined with GM-CSF and IFN-γ, two other proteins that can stimulate the immune system. "This complete tumor regression seems to be unique to chitosan/IL-12," the researchers wrote.
The treatment triggered the activity of two powerful types of immune cells, CD8+ T cells and natural killer cells. And in certain circumstances, when the researchers "rechallenged" the cured mice with tumor cells, the initial treatment offered lasting immune protection against cancer. But the extent of the protection, they cautioned, was dependent on how many tumor cells were injected into the mice and how often, and must be examined in "a more clinically relevant [animal] model."
Despite its robust antitumor effects, the toxicities IL-12 induced in the initial human trials drove away industry interest in it, explained Dr. Jeffrey Weber from the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute in Tampa, FL. "But I still think that this is a drug that needs to be pursued," he said.
Even so, Dr. Weber, who was not involved in the study and whose work focuses on vaccines to treat melanoma and other tumors, expressed doubts about the long-term prospects of IL-12 as a stand-alone therapy, arguing that the available evidence suggests it would be best pursued as an adjuvant to boost the performance of therapeutic vaccines. A requirement to inject the treatment directly into the tumor may also "limit its appeal and its indications," he continued.
The phase I trial, which will be conducted at the NIH Clinical Center in Bethesda, MD, will enroll patients with superficial bladder cancer (cancer limited to the lining of the bladder wall) whose disease has returned after standard first-line therapy. In the case of bladder cancer, Dr. Greiner added, because chitosan/IL-12 appears to generate a strong adaptive immune response—that is, immune cells are spurred to action and develop a "memory" of the pathogens or cells that mandate a similar response in the future—it may also present "an opportunity for evaluating this approach in patients with metastatic lesions who cannot undergo surgical removal of the bladder."
Similar efforts to target the delivery of IL-12 to tumors, including encapsulating the protein in viruses and liposomes, are being investigated. But combining IL-12 with chitosan may offer several advantages over these other approaches. Chitosan, for example, is already used in humans to promote blood clotting and reduce lipid absorption in the stomach, and it has a proven track record for safety, Dr. Zaharoff stressed, and the once-a-week treatment schedule will limit the type of systemic exposure that can cause toxicities.
In addition, unlike some other approaches to improve IL-12 delivery, preparing the IL-12 and chitosan mixture doesn't require solvents and other processes that break down the protein, and it can actually be made at the bedside just prior to administration.
"It's a very simple approach, but it was designed to be that way so it can be moved into human trials in a short period of time," Dr. Zaharoff said. "As far as translational research goes, you can't get much more efficient than this."
—Carmen Phillips
NCI's Cancer Information Service: Providing Information and Assistance Nationwide
Rick Muha had been active his whole life. So when he found his waistline expanding for no apparent reason, he tried to deal with it head on. One night after a long run, he was stretching and felt something strange in his lower back—a hardness that didn't belong.
"Sure enough, when I went upstairs I felt an outline of a hard mass," his wife and NCI employee Cathy Muha said. That night at the after-hours clinic, an x-ray revealed a large tumor attached to his hip.
"From there, my husband's situation got fast and furious," she said. "I was left with a feeling of not knowing where to go; not knowing what kind of information I needed to prepare us for what we were about to face. As someone who works for NCI, I knew thousands of Americans confront this same feeling every day. But suddenly I was experiencing the daunting reality first-hand, and I realized how overwhelming it could be."
This common scenario is why NCI's Cancer Information Service (CIS) Contact Center exists, said Program Director MaryAnn Monroe. "The Contact Center provides information that is personalized and tailored to meet an individual's need," she explained. "There are no scripts and conversations and information provided are completely confidential. Our information specialists take as much time as needed to really help individuals understand their situation."
Specialists Trained to Help
For 35 years, NCI's CIS Contact Center has been just a phone call away for anyone with questions about cancer. Since it was established in 1975, the CIS has answered well over 10 million calls. Whether an individual has been diagnosed with cancer or they have a loved one with cancer, the service is available free of charge.
"Cancer touches the lives of so many, and having caring, highly trained, and sensitive cancer information specialists available to answer questions and provide information may be what that person needs to be able to make informed decisions about their care," said Mary Anne Bright, associate director of NCI's Office of Public Information and Resource Management.
NCI's CIS is located at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, WA, where a staff of 66 information specialists with backgrounds such as nursing and social work respond to thousands of calls, LiveHelp chats, and e-mails each year.
The information specialists who speak with callers undergo 6 weeks of initial training. They learn about cancer and cancer-related topics and how to navigate various online NCI resources to provide callers with the information they need. But, in addition to providing up-to-date information on cancer, Bright explained, sometimes they provide an understanding ear. "Our information specialists care about more than just the accuracy of their information," Bright said. "They also care about how they are delivering it, and how their clients feel about the service they receive." NCI's CIS, she continued, has the highest customer satisfaction scores in the Federal government to prove it.
Audio Clips of Telephone Calls to NCI's Cancer Information Service
According to Leah Counts, a 2-year veteran CIS information specialist, for many of the people she talks with, one of the most difficult times comes right after diagnosis. "It's the first time they've been diagnosed with cancer, and having to think about treatment options while dealing with the emotional stress is difficult for people," she said. "Our service really offers something valuable to people by helping make their situation less overwhelming."
The CIS Contact Center also provides information about available clinical trials, and that's something that doctors don't always talk about, said Deb Pearson, an NCI public health advisor. "Our mission is to support NCI and its research, and cancer treatment trials should be in the conversation from the very beginning, whenever possible," she said. "Having people participate in these trials helps move research forward," she stressed, and a clinical trial may be the best treatment option.
One Family's Journey
As an NCI employee, Muha was familiar with the service before her husband's diagnosis. But, she admits, "I had some trepidation about calling a 1-800 number when we heard the word 'cancer' and were suddenly propelled into a parallel universe."
Over the course of her husband's illness, Muha called the CIS Contact Center five times. She said the service was helpful along the entire cancer continuum, from diagnosis information to long-term survivorship issues. "The support we got was credible, confidential, and caring, and the information specialists used the most up-to-date science to help us go through our cancer journey," she said.
"The most helpful part about calling the CIS was the assistance I got with understanding treatment options," she continued. "When I went into a doctor's office, I already knew the kinds of options that were available, the questions to ask, and had the validation that what we decided was the right course of action."
The Contact Center also helped the couple figure out how to explain the situation to their kids in a way that was suitable to their varied ages. And because the Contact Center is available nationwide, instead of explaining her husband's situation to relatives across the country, Muha could simply direct them to the CIS Contact Center.
"The consistency, quality of information, and same empathetic ear was really important to me when recommending that people call," she said.
Multiple Avenues of Assistance
Over the years, the CIS has gone through multiple transformations to become what it is today. Bilingual information specialists who cater to Spanish-speaking callers first joined the CIS over 25 years ago. And the CIS Contact Center now is available to the public for longer hours (8:00 a.m. ET to 8:00 p.m. ET), offering help and information to more people. In addition to calling 1-800-4-CANCER, one can chat online with information specialists using LiveHelp, send a question via e-mail, and even ask questions on NCI's recently launched Facebook page.
"The Contact Center deals with people holistically," Pearson said. From the symptoms they may be having, to financial questions, to directing people to information that their health care providers may be too busy to provide.
Muha credits the CIS with helping her family to get through one of their most difficult experiences. "Services like the CIS don't perform miracles, but they give you information so you can make decisions and tap into valuable resources," she said. "That's its beauty."
—Sarah Curry
Featured Clinical Trial
Cediranib to Treat Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma
Name of the Trial
Phase II Study of Cediranib (AZD2171) in Patients with Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma (NCI-09-C-0192). See the protocol summary.
Principal Investigator
Dr. Shivaani Kummar, NCI Center for Cancer Research
Why This Trial Is Important
Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is an extremely rare type of soft-tissue sarcoma that typically affects teenagers and young adults. It usually develops in the muscles or deep soft tissue of the legs, but it can also arise in the trunk of the body, the head and neck region, and the arms. ASPS is a slow-growing cancer, and it often does not produce symptoms until it has reached an advanced stage. Consequently, the long-term outlook for patients with this type of cancer is poor.
Surgery is the most effective treatment for ASPS, but many patients have widespread metastatic disease by the time they are diagnosed and are not candidates for surgical treatment. In addition, chemotherapy regimens that have been used to treat other types of soft tissue sarcoma are not effective in patients with ASPS. There is no currently accepted standard of care for advanced ASPS.
Cediranib is an experimental drug that blocks the activity of a number of proteins important to the growth of new blood vessels to tumors, a process known as tumor angiogenesis. Because ASPS tumors are highly angiogenic, doctors want to know if cediranib would be effective in slowing or stopping their growth. In early trials of the drug, patients with ASPS showed some partial responses or disease stabilization. Based on these findings, researchers at NCI are conducting a phase II clinical trial of cediranib in ASPS patients.
In this trial, patients with metastatic ASPS will be treated with cediranib by mouth once a day in 28-day cycles until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Doctors will monitor patients for signs of tumor shrinkage and possible side effects of treatment.
"Cediranib is showing preliminary activity in this disease, and, given that no other systemic treatment is effective, I think cediranib presents an option for these patients," said Dr. Kummar. "In order to evaluate the drug further in this disease, we've expanded the trial to enroll more patients."
Once accepted into the study, patients will visit the NIH Clinical Center every 2 to 4 weeks for examination and to receive the study medication. Travel assistance may be available.
For More Information
See the lists of eligibility criteria and trial contact information or call the NCI Clinical Trials Referral Office at 1-888-NCI-1937. The call is toll free and confidential.
Cancer Center Profile
The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Wake Forest University
Director: Dr. Frank M. Torti • Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC 57157
Phone: 336-716-7971 • Web site: http://www.wfubmc.edu/cancer
The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Wake Forest University (CCCWFU) has been an NCI-designated cancer center since 1974 and has been continuously funded by NCI since this designation became available.
The Center was founded with a strong community orientation. It was conceived and developed around a community-wide effort in clinical trials and cancer control research. This region includes substantial numbers of African Americans, Latinos, Native Americans, rural poor, and pockets of urban poverty. Institutional awareness of local history and the importance of the cancer problems in these populations have helped the CCCWFU staff focus on addressing cancer issues that are important to communities in the region.
The CCCWFU has built a team of nationally and internationally recognized experts who are committed to advancing knowledge and improving cancer treatment. At the core of the Center are its faculty and staff, covering nearly every discipline within the Wake Forest University (WFU) Baptist Medical Center, as well as faculty and staff from other campuses, such as those at the WFU graduate schools and affiliate institutions. CCCWFU recognizes the importance of building cross-departmental and interdisciplinary collaborative team approaches to advance the science and treatment of cancer. Such collaborative efforts include research on natural products, cancer genomics, nanotechnology, the tumor microenvironment, novel anticancer drugs, cancer survivorship, and cancer health disparities.
The Center is divided into four programs: Cell Growth and Survival, Cellular Damage and Defense, Clinical Research, and Cancer Prevention and Control. There also exist three Centers of Excellence in brain, breast, and prostate cancers. The Centers of Excellence foster translational research by bridging basic and population sciences with clinical research.
Patient Care
The CCCWFU is the primary tertiary referral center for a large geographic region that contains approximately 9 million people. The Center provides the region's underserved populations with cancer prevention and early detection services, as well as access to over 200 clinical trials. The Center emphasizes research that will serve the diverse populations in its region.
The CCCWFU has a state-of-the-art 250,000 square foot outpatient clinic (opened in 2003). In 2011, the Center will break ground on an inpatient cancer facility that will add six floors over the outpatient clinic to create a 520,000-square-foot cancer complex. The anticipated completion date of this project is in 2013.
Other Notable Programs
The CCCWFU also provides patients with an extensive hereditary risk assessment and counseling program. In addition, it is an active partner with Wake Forest's Maya Angelou Center for Health Equity, founded by the renowned poet, Dr. Maya Angelou, to address health disparities across the surrounding region and the nation. Furthermore, the Center fosters close interactions between its NanoCenter, the Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine, and a joint program with Virginia Tech in biomedical engineering.
Legislative Update
Project Cancer Education: An Introduction to Translational Research at NCI
On July 30, NCI and the Association of American Cancer Institutes (AACI) hosted a pilot program called Project Cancer Education for six Congressional staff members and representatives of cancer research advocacy organizations. The educational program, held on the NIH main campus in Bethesda, MD, was intended to inform attendees about new concepts in cancer research.
After a brief welcome by Susan Erickson, director of NCI's Office of Government and Congressional Relations, the participants toured the NIH Clinical Center. The tour included a visit to the pediatric unit to get a sense of pediatric patients' cancer experience and to learn about the work of Dr. Jun Wei, an NCI researcher who studies pediatric neuroblastoma.
In the Clinical Center's pathology lab, attendees learned about the critical importance of properly storing and handling patient tissue samples for accurate diagnosis and future research use. To give the advocates and Congressional staff a glimpse of the evolving understanding of cancer, each participant received a traditional pathology report similar to those given to newly diagnosed patients, as well as a genotype report that described the actual genetic abnormalities associated with the patient's tumor. The group then visited Dr. Natasha Caplen's laboratory to see how genetic information might be used to validate the particular genes that function abnormally in an individual tumor, as well as to learn about Dr. Caplen's research on gene silencing and observe first-hand the collection and analysis of gene expression array data.
Dr. Ola Landgren talked with attendees about his research on multiple myeloma, including new ways of thinking about precursor diseases to cancer, such as smoldering myeloma. He walked the group through further testing, potential treatments, innovative clinical trials, and the prognosis for a patient with this disease.
Dr. Lee Helman, CCR's scientific director for clinical research, and Dr. Don Benson, Ohio State University assistant professor and an AACI representative, wrapped up the day's events with a talk about the importance and power of translational research. Both emphasized the interdependence of research in the lab and in the clinic, and the seamless partnership between NCI and the network of cancer research institutions across the country.
Cancer.gov Update
NCI Recovery Act Web Site Highlights Cancer Disparity Studies
NCI has added a new article to its Recovery Act Web site that highlights how Recovery Act funding is enabling collaboration among researchers from different institutions to conduct genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to better understand why some populations experience disproportionately high rates of certain cancers.
Researchers at institutions such as the University of Southern California, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute/Wayne State University, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, and University of California, San Francisco, are conducting studies of African American patients with the goal of uncovering genetic factors that are associated with prostate and lung cancer risks. Researchers hope these findings will ultimately lead to improvements in cancer prevention, screening, and treatment.
NIH Intramural Research Program Is Recruiting Earl Stadtman Investigators
The NIH Intramural Research Program is seeking candidates to be named Earl Stadtman Investigators. These tenure-track level positions are for creative and independent thinkers eager to take on high-risk research that will have an impact on the understanding of disease and medicine. Some of the areas of active recruitment include sensory biology and the neurosciences, symptoms research, systems biology, cancer, infectious diseases (including HIV and AIDS), and bioinformatics.
The positions are named for Dr. Earl Stadtman, an accomplished biochemist and mentor, who worked at NIH for more than half a century.
Applicants are asked to share their ideas for a novel research program, their career aspirations, and how they would contribute to the NIH mission. Candidates in any area of biomedical, translational, and behavioral research are invited to apply. Applications must be received by October 1.
Learn more about the eligibility criteria and how to apply online.
Office of China Cancer Programs Issues Report on Symposium
NCI's Office of China Cancer Programs (OCCP) has released a report titled "Personalized Cancer Medicine: Building on 30 Years of China–U.S. Cooperation, Executive Summary." The summary details the proceedings of the 30th Anniversary Symposium, held in Beijing in November 2009 to commemorate 3 decades of a collaborative agreement between the United States and China.
The report also highlights the accomplishments of past and ongoing U.S.–China cancer research studies, summarizes the status of several technologies that are driving the development of personalized cancer medicine, and identifies emerging opportunities for future cooperation in areas including molecular epidemiology, genomics, proteomics, and nanotechnology.
The report is available online. Order copies of this report and other NCI education materials from the NCI Publications Locator Web site or by calling 1-800-4-CANCER.
New Issue of OCG e-News Available
The NCI Office of Cancer Genomics (OCG) recently published a new issue of OCG e-News, a free quarterly newsletter to keep members of the cancer community informed about developments in NCI's genomic programs and initiatives. OCG e-News serves as a resource for understanding cancer genomics by providing the latest news on OCG initiatives, updates on developments and innovations in molecular medicine, and perspectives from patient advocates and researchers behind the science. Learn more about this resource online and share your own ideas and input by sending an email to email@example.com.
To sign up to receive OCG e-News, as well as updates from the Office of Cancer Genomics, visit http://ocg.cancer.gov/email_signup.asp.


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Wildcats Open Cage Season With Boise Weber Wildcats Look like Team to Beat in Junior College Cage Play The nin team Intermountain collegiate athletic conference today seems already to have picked its finalists in the two divisions of the reave for loop honors in basketball. In the Northern division, after Weber Junior college of Ogden racked up a pair of drubbings over Boise Junior college, 85-47 and 73-46, the Wildcats from Ogden appeared to be the only five that may hold a candle to the powerful Ricks College Vikings from Rexburg, Ida. Both crews hold perfect records. Boise has won to and lost two and Southern Idaho College of Education at Albion has a doleful four-loss record. Branch Agricultural college of Cedar City and Snow Junior college of Ephraim hold the spotlight in the five team Southern division of the I.C.A.C. B.A.C. has won its five conference starts and Snow has a perfect recors in three starts. Carbon junior college of Price one of the powerhouses last year has yet to gain its right combination. They have won four and lost two. Dixie college of St. George and Westminster of Salt Lake City bring up the rear echelon. This weeks schedule pits Dixie at Westminster tonight Weber at boise, and B.A.C. at Snow on Thursday night Weber against S.I.C.E. at Albion, Ricks at Boise, B.A.C. at Snow and Carbon at Westminster Friday night and Carbon at Westminster Saturday night. The standings Northen Division W L Pct. TP OP Weber 2 0 1.000 158 93 Ricks 2 0 1.000 159 113 Boise 2 2 .500 229 268 S.I.C.E. 0 4 .000 223 295 Southern Division B.A.C. 5 0 1.000 306 220 Snow 3 0 1.000 156 123 Carbon 4 2 .667 363 368 Dixie 0 4 .000 220 254 Westminster 0 6 .000 266 246 I.C.A.C. to Begin Court Season on December 18 SALT LAKE CITY, Dec. 16 (AP) Play for keeps begins next week in the Intermountain Collegiate Athletic Conference. Teams from Southern Idaho College of Education and Boise Junior college will tangle in the first game leading to the 1951 basketball championship. Southern Idaho and Boise will play Dec. 18 and 19 in Boise. The game will open hoop competition in the Northern division of the nine team league. Play in the Southern dvision will begin Dec. 28 and 29 with Wesminster tangling with Carbon college in Price. Teams in both divisions will play four games with each other team in the division. Then the division winners will tangle for the conference championship, now held by Weber college. The Northern division schedule Northen division Dec. 18-19, Southern Idaho at Boise Jan. 5-6, Southern Idaho at Ricks Jan. 12-13 Boise at Weber Jan18-19 Weber at Southern Idaho, Ricks at Boise Jan. 26-27, Weber at Ricks Feb 1, boise at Ricks Feb. 2, Boise at Ricks, Southern Idaho at Weber Feb. 3, Southern Idaho at Weber Feb. 8, Boise at Southern Idaho Feb. 9, Boise at Southern Idaho, Ricks at Weber Feb. 16-17 Weber at Boise, Ricks at Southern Idaho. Wildcats Score 91 Points Against Albion ALBION, Idaho, Jan 20 (Special) Weber college hoopsters gave a dazzling performance here last nght in the first of two a game series with Southern Idaho College of Education. The Weberites after leading 40 to 33 at halftime left the court on the long end of a 91 to 57 score in a free scoring headliner. Bob Harberstion again paced the Weberites. he collectied eleven field goals and three free throws for a total of 25 points. Wright hit the hoop for 21 and Hull tallied 13 Vell and Fackrell led the attack for the locals. The teams meet again tonight in the second game of the series. Weber S.I.E.C. G T F P G T F P 11 3 1 25 Harberston, f Bell, f 6 4 3 16 4 5 4 13 Hull, f Aguirre, f 3 1 5 7 3 1 3 7 Ashby, c Waite, c 6 0 2 12 2 0 3 4 Wilkinson, g Fackrell, g 5 4 4 14 2 2 3 6 Ballif, g Starns, g 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 Butler Loveless 1 1 0 3 0 1 3 1 Dingsdale Harrison 0 2 1 2 9 3 4 21 Wright Leaper 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 Wayment Caldwell 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Woods Reynolds 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 4 Peech 37 17 27 91 Totals 21 15 21 57 Halftime score Weber 40, S.I.C.E. 33.
Object Description
|050_Weber College Basketball _1950
|Weber College
|Weber College; Whip Club
|This Collection consists of a 119 page Scrapbook put together by members of the Weber College Whip Club, the school's pep club, covering the years between 1946 and 1955. Included are a full listing of yearly pledges, 27 football programs, newspaper clippings concerning charity and sports events, 10 invitations, menus, 7 letters, 15 photographs, and a biography of the Whip Club by Norma Manning.
|Date Original
|Physical Description
|Brown Leather 11 in. X 14 in. 119 page Scrapbook
|Ogden (Utah); Weber College; Weber State College
|Digital Format
|image/tiff; image/jpg; application/pdf
|Publisher Digital
|Stewart Library, Weber State University
|Date Digital
|Text; Image
|Weber State University Archives
|Conversion Specifications
|TIFF images were scanned by Jacqlin Guernsey and Jill Walker at 400 dpi with an Epson Expression 10000XL scanner. JPG and PDF files were then created for general use.
|Digital Identifier
|Rights Management
|Materials may be used for non-profit and educational purposes; please credit University Archives, Stewart Library, Weber State University.
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Fatigue can come and go or stay constant for a while. Fatigue from chemotherapy tends to occur a few days after the treatment, peaks, and then gets better before the next treatment. Fatigue from radiation may not happen right away.
You may have difficulty eating or lose your appetite during cancer treatment. Try eating small, frequent meals instead of three large ones. To improve your appetite, don't drink beverages with your meals.
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Prophecy fulfilled on return of Jesus Pt. 3 - Today's Christian Videos
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text: The United Way of St Clair County continues their campaign to raise funds, for local programs and services, for those in need. The campaign has already seen over $100,000 raised. Officials say it's too early to tell if their goal of raising $1.4-million dollars will prove too ambitious, but campaign volunteer and Assistant Manager of the city of Marysville, Randy Fernandez, says the local area has always come through in the past. Director of the local United Way office, Lonnie Stevens, says about 10-percent of their goal has been raised so far, with DTE Energy and Cargill a couple of the corporate contributors that have come through at this stage. The campaign runs through the end of January. Various events are held, with campaign workers, including an Early Bird Drawing next month. Fundraising events are also popular over the next few months staged by employers, like casual or sneaker days or chili cook offs.


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18 U.S. Code § 3500 - Demands for production of statements and reports of witnesses
(a) In any criminal prosecution brought by the United States, no statement or report in the possession of the United States which was made by a Government witness or prospective Government witness (other than the defendant) shall be the subject of subpena, discovery, or inspection until said witness has testified on direct examination in the trial of the case.
(b) After a witness called by the United States has testified on direct examination, the court shall, on motion of the defendant, order the United States to produce any statement (as hereinafter defined) of the witness in the possession of the United States which relates to the subject matter as to which the witness has testified. If the entire contents of any such statement relate to the subject matter of the testimony of the witness, the court shall order it to be delivered directly to the defendant for his examination and use.
(c) If the United States claims that any statement ordered to be produced under this section contains matter which does not relate to the subject matter of the testimony of the witness, the court shall order the United States to deliver such statement for the inspection of the court in camera. Upon such delivery the court shall excise the portions of such statement which do not relate to the subject matter of the testimony of the witness. With such material excised, the court shall then direct delivery of such statement to the defendant for his use. If, pursuant to such procedure, any portion of such statement is withheld from the defendant and the defendant objects to such withholding, and the trial is continued to an adjudication of the guilt of the defendant, the entire text of such statement shall be preserved by the United States and, in the event the defendant appeals, shall be made available to the appellate court for the purpose of determining the correctness of the ruling of the trial judge. Whenever any statement is delivered to a defendant pursuant to this section, the court in its discretion, upon application of said defendant, may recess proceedings in the trial for such time as it may determine to be reasonably required for the examination of such statement by said defendant and his preparation for its use in the trial.
(d) If the United States elects not to comply with an order of the court under subsection (b) or (c) hereof to deliver to the defendant any such statement, or such portion thereof as the court may direct, the court shall strike from the record the testimony of the witness, and the trial shall proceed unless the court in its discretion shall determine that the interests of justice require that a mistrial be declared.
(e) The term "statement", as used in subsections (b), (c), and (d) of this section in relation to any witness called by the United States, means—
(2) a stenographic, mechanical, electrical, or other recording, or a transcription thereof, which is a substantially verbatim recital of an oral statement made by said witness and recorded contemporaneously with the making of such oral statement; or
Source(Added Pub. L. 85–269, Sept. 2, 1957, 71 Stat. 595; amended Pub. L. 91–452, title I, § 102,Oct. 15, 1970, 84 Stat. 926.)
1970—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 91–452, § 102(a), struck out "to an agent of the Government" after "(other than the defendant)".
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 91–452, § 102(b), substituted "subsection" for "paragraph".
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 91–452, § 102(c), (d), struck out "or" after "by him;" in par. (1), struck out "to an agent of the Government" after "said witness" in par. (2), and added par. (3).
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