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Mark P. Mills, Contributor
I write about how technology, policy and economic reality intersect.
Watch a live stream of a Major League Baseball game, or a speech from the next Climate Change Convention on your broadband-wireless-connected tablet and you personally — not all the participants, viewers and hangers-on, just you — are using about as much energy as driving about 30 miles in your favorite car.
Put another way; your personal smart phone uses far more electricity than the refrigerator in your kitchen. This is your pro-rata annual allocation of energy in the entire infrastructure needed to make, store and transport your gigabytes. Imagine, you didn't know you were carrying a refrigerator or two in your pocket or purse.
With apologies to my Prius-driving local-produce-eating natural-fiber-wearing friends ….the energy appetite of the Internet, and the emerging Cloud, may seem like a 'dirty' little secret, but it is an immutable reality. You don't make and move petabytes of digital traffic without consuming kilotons of materials, including coal, and gigawatt-hours of energy.
Previously, in this column, we established that entertainment, and specifically video, is driving the next cycle of hyperbolic growth in the Internet (Entertainment's Tech Boom: The Internet Has Been Assimilated). Cisco forecasts a 20-fold increase in Internet video traffic over the coming five years. Netflix is already 30 percent of U.S. Internet traffic. Other uses for the Internet continue to grow geometrically too. In five years, there will be more traffic on the Internet in five minutes than there was all year in 1996. So the 'net-net' take is that traffic is growing at boom-time rates. And so must the enabling physical infrastructure – - and the energy it uses.
The underlying power paradigm is an amazing story. We are at the early phase of the emergence of a new driving force for power, and the creation of an energy ecosystem unlike anything seen before. Herein some highlights from our on-going research (and an emerging report) on energy use by the Cloud, and the next wave of innovation, and of course the businesses and investment implications. But first the facts.
Of course the Internet is already huge. But that's like saying the same about the auto industry in 1958. It was huge then. Businesses already made a lot of cars, and the automobile ecosystem consumed a lot of steel, rubber and related materials, and energy by 1958. And then, it grew a whole lot more, literally driving the American economy.
It's 1958 for the Internet. Much growth is yet to come. (See my earlier columns on the Internet of Things beyond video, and new computing paradigms.) And just as a new 1958 Chevy was the face of the auto revolution, so too is a new iPad. Upstream, behind the consumer product lays a vast material and energy-centric infrastructure. iPads just seem lighter than Chevys.
If we add up all relevant activities that are Internet-centric or enabled — all digital equipment manufacturing from handhelds to data center servers, radio, TV, and wired and wireless telecom, and the entertainment companies – we find roughly one-fourth of our total economy. It should not be surprising that an enormous part of our economy is a major energy consumer.
Greenpeace and Google [NASDAQ: GOOG] know about the gargantuan energy appetite of the Cloud. Greenpeace's recent report (How dirty is your data center?) exposes the 'hidden' energy footprint of Cloud. The report gave Apple, Twitter and Facebook all an "F" for carbon dependency.
The largest share of the digital economy's energy, almost entirely electricity, does come from coal, pretty much no matter where you live from 'green' Vermont to 'dirty' West Virginia. Oh, and increasingly from fracked natural gas as well. Over two-thirds of our electricity is produced with hydrocarbons, coal and natural gas – a contribution that will remain largely the same for at least a decade.
Greenpeace would like companies to locate data center where there aren't coal plants. Not so easy. It's not just that there are lots of coal plants here and globally (worldwide coal is 40 percent of electricity). But data centers need to be close to where people and traffic are, and where the big fat optical fiber backbones are located. You can't, for example, put all new data centers adjacent to the planet's three largest hydro dams in northern Quebec, western Brazil, and central China. They're huge, and clean, but they're very remote. (Specifically, la Baie James complex, the Itapiu dam, and Three Gorges dam, respectively 14, 14 and 22 gigawatts each. For context, big coal plants and nukes are about 1 gigawatt.)
Greenpeace gave Google "F" on "Transparency" because it was to hard determine their data energy centers' use. Google and others note that such information is confidential as it underlies a competitive advantage in their energy-hungry sector. It costs more to buy electricity than microprocessors for a data center – that alone should tell you something. Greenpeace did award Google a "B" for "Mitigation Strategy." No fools those Google guys. They've long been a leader in addressing the daunting data-energy challenge. (See for example my 2007 Forbes column on Google & Intel: Saving The Climate And Margins.)
Google announced last month a 20-year contract to purchase the entire output of NextEra Energy Resources new 100 MW Oklahoma wind farm, where they're building a huge new data center. Nice. And it's nice that Google is candid, can we say "transparent," about reality. The wind farm won't directly power the data center. It will be connected to the "dirty" grid. Wind power is episodic and data centers need 7×24 power. (FYI, 7×24 Exchange is a data center power trade group.) So, a Google White Paper notes:
"The plain truth is that the electric grid, with its mix of renewable and fossil generation, is an extremely useful and important tool for a data center operator … The places with the best clean power potential are generally not the same places where a data center can best serve its users."
Not to be cynical, but this sounds a lot like expatiating sins of commission with acts of omission….I'm just sayin'. The problem is that electricity is fungible. The average power on the grid is what you use. On average it's a lot of coal and fracked gas.
Data centers are the most visible, concentrated and easily identifiable feature of the Internet's infrastructure. So the tens of thousands of massive ware-house scale buildings (Google talks about warehouse-scale computers) each filled with thousands of servers are both energy challenges, and easy 'targets'. But there is more to the digital energy ecosystem.
No surprise, Greenpeace, bless them, also figured this out. In its environmental critique of the Cloud-centric iPad, Greenpeace is among the few to take into account the telecommunications network. They concluded that data transport roughly equals the energy used by data centers. Analysts who miss this make the logically equivalent error of counting energy used by automobile dealerships and repair shops, and skipping fuel used by cars.
Then there's a third part that's difficult to count because it is rooted in unmeasured and largely unmeasurable behaviors – electricity used by all the digital stuff on desks and in closets in millions of homes and businesses. The Energy Information Administration tries to count this, but relegates a lot to a slush category called "other, miscellaneous," which now accounts for about 20 percent of commercial and residential kilowatt-hour use. Exactly what is the "other" stuff in this invisible bucket that has exploded in size these past decades? Baby bottle warmers? Power drills? We now find 10 percent of national electricity consumption in these two "miscellaneous" buckets. Allocate only half of that to digital hardware and the aggregate Internet energy appetite balloons.
And finally there's one more, fourth piece to this energy construct – the energy cost to manufacture all the hardware for the data centers, networks, and pockets, purses and desktops. The magnitude of energy needed to manufacture digital stuff is astonishing.
To be sure, the same kinds of plastics and metals are used to make a Droid and a much bigger Dodge. But setting aside that there are many, many more Droid-like things produced than Dodge-like things…the core of the matter is in the digital bits.
High-tech products require an astounding 1,000 times more energy per kilogram to manufacture than the materials that dominated the 19th and 20th centuries. Few things are as energy-intensive to produce as the miraculous silicon graphics-processing units and memory chips which are the building blocks of the 21st century ubiquitous video paradigm. It takes a couple of kilowatt-hours to make a tiny square centimeter of silicon device that weighs about four-one-thousandth of a pound. You can make several pounds of steel with that much electricity. And we manufacture silicon devices countable in square miles each year.
Overall, it takes roughly 35 times more energy just to make a pound of smart phone or notebook PC, as it does to make a pound of book. And we keep books, at least those of us that still buy books, for years, even centuries. It takes on the order of 20 times more energy to make the network video hardware (allocated pro-rata) than to manufacture a plastic DVD. Everything takes energy to build. But unlike cars and a lot of other goods which see service for a decade or more, most digital hardware has a useful life averaging three years. So when annualizing energy costs of digital device manufacturing, you amortize over a short time.
And the grand total, the "net net" for the Cloud's appetite when you count all four aspects of energy associated with digital hardware? Well, certainly much more than the oft-cited fact that 'only' two percent of U.S. electricity is used by data centers, since that counts, well, just data centers. Account for the other three factors around and in the Cloud and the total appetite is north of 10 percent of national electricity use. So the U.S. digital economy uses roughly as much electricity the entire country of England, likely more.
For some, this may seem like an environmental problem. For many, it is more of an operational challenge in achieving yet more growth with minimal fiscal, not just environmental, energy-related costs. In a now ten-year-old pioneering study, The Internet Begins With Coal, and a related co-authored Forbes article (Dig More Coal: The PCs Are Coming) I set off a firestorm of environmental protest (and frankly, some puerile commentary). The main problem with past and many current protestations about estimating the digital economy's energy appetite lies in a myopic focus on data centers, and failure to consider all aspects of the digital infrastructure.
As for the future, doubtless we'll continue to hear what we've heard for years. Technology will make digital stuff more efficient so the energy 'problem' will be ameliorated if not conquered. We've seen this play before. Radical efficiency gains have occurred; but these efficiency gains are precisely what created, and creates more overall demand. And more efficiency gains are coming.
Intel [NASDAQ: INTC] has announced it will cut energy appetite of microprocessors almost three-fold. Data storage is practically free and getting cheaper in both energy and dollar terms per byte – consider what it costs for a 10 GB memory stick today compared to a few years ago, or terabytes of back-up at Carbonite. Overall data center efficiency has also soared in recent years as "virtualization" algorithms have radically improved the utilization of the thousands of servers under roof.
The technical literature is filled with ideas, designs and materials in power electronics and software with potential to increase energy efficiency in cell towers, data centers and handhelds, some by as much as 30 to 50 percent. A similar trend characterized the emergence of the auto age.
Car engine energy efficiency improved 500 percent pound-for-pound from early years to the late 20th century. Greater efficiency made it possible to make better, more featured, safer, usually heavier and more affordable cars. So rising ownership and utilization lead to 400 percent growth in transportation fuel use since WWII. The flattening of automotive energy growth in the West is a recent phenomenon as we finally see near saturation levels in road-trips per year and cars-per-household. We are a long way from saturation on video 'trips' on the information highways.
Efficiency gains are precisely what creates and increases overall traffic and energy demand; more so for data than other service or products. From 1950 to 2010, the energy efficiency of information processing improved ten trillion-fold in terms of computations per kWh. So a whole lot more data-like machines got built and used — consequently the total amount of electricity consumed to perform computations increased over 100-fold since the 1950s – if you count just data centers. Count everything we're talking about here and the energy growth is beyond 300-fold.
Fundamentally, if it were not for more energy-efficient logic processing, storage and transport, there would be no Google or iPhone. At the efficiency of early computing, just one Google data center would consume more electricity than Manhattan. Efficiency was the driving force behind the growth of Internet 1.0 as it will be for the wireless video-centric Internet 2.0. In energy terms, video traffic is the equivalent of migrating all car drivers from Civics to Tahoes. So power use and hardware to produce and manage it will get dragged along for the ride.
Who is playing in these energy fields? Not surprisingly, all the data guys themselves, from Google, as noted, to Microsoft [NASDAQ: MSFT], HP [NYSE: HPQ], Cisco [NASDAQ: CSCO], IBM [NYSE: IBM], Juniper [NYSE: JNPR], Intel – all of them.
Running below the typical excitement radar is a constellation of traditional old-world electric-equipment companies, both large and small, who make all the power electronics components, devices and services that are now the ascendant and often primary costs across the data domain, especially in data centers, commercial enterprises, and manufacturing plants. Familiar names like GE [NYSE: GE], Eaton [NYSE:ETN], Emerson [NYSE: EMR], Siemens [NYSE: SI], ABB [NYSE: ABB], Honeywell [NYSE: HON], Johnson Controls [NYSE: JCI], and Schneider [FR: SU-FR]. Check any of their web sites and you'll see lots of chest-thumping about powering the digital economy.
There is a grand convergence going on between the old economy's electrical infrastructure, and the new economy's digital infrastructure. There is, as well, a symmetrical convergence taking place over in the utility sector's smart grid – a story for another episode.
Drill down a layer deeper in the ecosystem of engineering players and you find less well-known and often smaller players – in America still, sometimes today's small is tomorrow's giant — and a vast landscape of public and private companies, to name a very few to illustrate the diversity; Celestica [NYSE: CLS], , Quest, Intergy and Raritan. Add to the list of emerging players many start-ups and small companies like Power Analytics which (where, full disclosure, I am a board member and we are investors) has pioneered enterprise-level software to visualize and predict the complexities of data center power to marry the oppositional forces of reliability and efficiency.
Drill down further into the basic component layer and we find lots of device and component companies. Of particular interest are those developing next-generation power semiconductors – notably those using silicon carbide, and gallium nitride rather than silicon – which will enable smart power networks the way microprocessors enabled smart communications networks. Our old friends at Cree [NASDAQ: CREE], better known for making LEDs, are one of the power-semi leaders with recent silicon-carbide device releases.
Another bubble brewing on the energy-tech front? You bet. But anchored in the reality of the physics of information, not perceptions of consumer proclivities. Certainly the growth of Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Netlix, and Vevo, and many similar emerging is the face of growth and even froth. You may have trouble knowing where to place bets on the downstream domain, but the winners upstream are easier to bet on because all Internet companies require underlying infrastructure.
No surprise then that the pace of data center construction is picking up, from Microsoft's new 10-football-field-sized Quincy, Washington data center, to Equinix's recent announcement to build its eighth data center in New York.
One recent survey found up to one-half of data centers need to expand over the next two years, with over two-thirds of data centers expecting to run out of power before the end of next year. The same survey found virtualization has pretty much wrung-out the maximum from installed hardware. Virtualization has been the biggest single energy relief valve, and it's largely over. Another survey found that 95 percent of data centers experienced at least one unplanned outage over the past couple of years – power was the central issue two-thirds of the time– with an average cost of over $0.5 million per outage. The energy issue has moved to front-and-center.
Hans Thirring in his 1958 book, Energy For Man, was probably the first person to consider and calculate the total energy cost of information and communications. (A citation to his work appears probably for the first time in nearly 50 years in the book I co-authored, The Bottomless Well.) Thirring was prescient. Only now is the technical community starting to give this issue its just due. Maybe the investment community will follow.
Meanwhile, the coming wireless broadband explosion promises to create a vortex of electricity demand. Lots of companies will prosper bringing new technologies and innovations to the digital energy ecosystem.
Some see the energy appetite of the Cloud as a problem. Others amongst us see it as evidence of a new global tech boom that echoes the arrival of the automotive age. We're back to the future, where the microprocessor today as an engine of growth may not be new, anymore than the internal combustion engine was new in 1958. It's just that, once more, all the components, features and forces are aligned for enormous growth. With that growth we will find at the bottom of this particular digital well, the need to dig more coal, frack more shale…. <>
Mr. Mills,
Thank you, that was a very informative piece. I had been aware that the use of electronics that are on basically 24/7/52 had created a unique base load separate from other sources but I had no idea it was as large it is. Nor had I thought about how much power the infrastructure supporting the internet was.
However I cannot agree with your conclusion. You wrote:"With that growth we will find at the bottom of this particular digital well, the need to dig more coal, frack more shale…" While coal is going to be dug and shale re-torted in situ as power needs increase, the focus has to be on non-carbon based alternatives.
Ironically, it is the environmental community that will resist the use of alternative energy sources most effectively. For example, the expansion of wind power will result in the increased deaths of bats and raptors, as well being ugly and noisy. Solar power, which works best in the desert where there is a great deal of sunshine, has been successfully opposed by environmentalists because of its impact on desert wildlife, e.g. tortoises (it is also ugly as well). The list goes on and on.
The surging baseload demand for telecommunications infrastructure will indeed require more electricity generating capacity. That does not have to be coal and natural gas, but it will be unless more alternative sources are developed.
Great piece, illuminating the energy consumption of the Internet was and is a chapter in my upcoming publication "The8th Continent" – the8th.org .
The denizens of The8th Continent are aptly described as ehumans as one of the only common characteristic of the population is the necessity to have electricity in some form in-order to reside on The8th. I will, after reading this, expand the energy economics chapter's framework to include the profoundly important research associated with your piece. Thank you very much for your insight and commitment to this matter.
This article reinforces the need for an energy strategy that reflects our (future) reality versus wishful thinking. While "renewable" forms of energy are a consideration, they surely cannot scale to the projected demand.
The most significant issue will be government and the motivation to pick the winners and losers in the production and delivery model. Should government allow the markets to determine the most viable solutions, we can continue to have inexpensive, abundant and reliable sources. If government cannot do that, then we will have none of those.
Mr. Mills quantifies the requirements for the future. Thus, we can either (a) pragmatically balance our energy needs and growing our economy with protecting the environment, or (b) allow those who have deluded themselves that we must sacrifice our standard of living and sterilize the environment, to define the agenda.
Hello fcanepa,
The energy "market" does not exist outside of government regulation. All commercial electrical generation and distribution are natural monopolies and competition which would normally provide some regulation does not exist. Thus government steps into to regulate the commercial electric industry through various regulatory agencies (e.g. Public Utilities Commissions). Further, government has generally provided incentives to all sorts of electricity generators, not just non-carbon based alternative sources. For example, there would be no nuclear power industry at all with a number of government subsidies including The Price-Anderson Act and extensive investment from the US military in research and uranium processing.
Moreover, alternative power sources are rapidly maturing. In fact, as reported here at Forbes.com, right now there is so much wind energy being generated in the Pacific northwest, that due to distribution limitations, a significant portion cannot be used.
Similarly, off-peak storage solutions are now in the development phase. This will allow greater expansion of solar and wind production. The greatest barrier at this point is not so much the technical issues, although they do are still quite significant, as environmental issues.
All legitimate points–well stated. My concern regarding "government" intervention is in the mandates (e.g. California's 30% renewable by 2020 requirement") that effectively gives a priority to one form of energy generation over others with little consideration given to costs and availability.
Should we experience even a 2X increase in consumption to support economic and technological advancement over the next decade, renewable energy can only deliver 10% (on its best day including forecast technology improvements)–that means that the remaining 90% will have to come from more traditional sources.
Whether one likes/dislikes coal-, nuclear-, hydro- (whatever?) generated power, we cannot continue to legislate ourselves into the proverbial corner–as evidenced by CA's legislated price controls on electricity that resulted in the brown-outs a few years back.
Again, some strategic balance is required–and the investor-driven market is best positioned to make those decisions. The end result will be more rational and cost-effective than government-mandated allocations.
Mr. Mills, I am sorry but I am just not buying that the electricity demand growth due to the cloud, internet, etc. is all that significant. I have spent 30 years in the Natural Gas & Power industries.
First of all, the compound average growth rate in residential & commmercial demand over the past 10 years is only about 2.1 & 2.2% respectively; only 1% above population growth. Including industrial it was 1.1%; about half the growht rate from 1979 to 2000.
Further, it ignores the demand destruction aspects of the net and cloud. The cloud is a substitute for many other activities that consume more fuel and or electricity. Along that line, if the variable costs of streaming are so significant in electric usage, why haven't the Internet Providers switched to a fixed plus usage pricing structure?
Finally, when I look around my own house, I see a 100 watt always on pc replaced with a 25 watt always on laptop; I doubt an I-Pad would be any more, and it would likely pull less. My cable has three 20 watt receivers; if I ditch those for streaming & broadcast (which I am considering), I would cut 60 watts out and anything I'd add would be insignificant.
This whole process has been true through out the past 40-50 years. A 500 watt tube tv replaced by a 75-150 watt solid state w/CRT TV (the only reversal was the plasma and LCD's where my usage went up to 250 watts; but LED TVs will cut this back to about the 100 to 125 w range). Yes there are a lot of data centers, but it wasn't like every large corporate installation in the late 70′s early 80′s didn't have a huge power hog computer room; now you have standalone data centers where before they were distributed.
Finally, we have to look at other methods of electricity demand destruction; replacing all my incandescents last year with CFL's has cut my power consumption by over 400 watts (24/7/52 avg). When I replace my SEER 12 AC Units with SEER 18 to 20 units I would save on average 800 to 1000 watts. Along this line, moving information is and will be a substitue for moving people and will be less energy intensive. Also, the IT impacts on transportation (the google robot car) to better info for drivers to making engines more effiicent IT enabled more sophisticated fuel injection/valve timing and new thermodynamic cycles (the Prius was merely the first) will save tremendous amounts of fuel. In fact besides data centers, the one area you might see percapita electricty demand growth would be in plugin hybrid or electric vehicles.
The idea that the cloud and internet will massively increase electricity demand is simply not warranted.
Average year over year demand growth since 1995 (Netscape IPO)-2010 (and for comparison 1979-1994) has been Residential 2.3% (vs 2.6%); Commercial (+ Other) 2.4% (vs 3.5%); Industrial -0.2% (vs 1.5%; Transportation 3.0% (vs 3.5%)Total Retail Sales (sum of all four categories) 1.6% (vs. 2.4%). These deltas are narrower than if one split the before/after data set at 2001. There is one other category which doesn't show up in any of these numbers and that is self generation which has grown at 2.5% per year (vs 6.2% 1989-1994). Self generation was 5% of retail electricity sales. [EIA electricity tables 8.9 (1949-2009)& 5.1 (1997-2011 YTD)]
Further, regarding streaming video electricity usage, the number seem way off. If one assumes 1 gal of gasoline to go 30 miles and assume only a 15% thermodynamic efficiency from gasoline to electricity; further a two hour time period and then assume 100 Million us homes would stream 24/7/52, one would calculate the total electricity used in a year at 2,200 Terra watts which is over 50% of current US electricity consumption.
The thesis that the internet is and will drive power consumption in the US on even a fraction of the scale of gasoline from the 1958 to 1972 time frame is unwarranted. I would surmise that it won't show up in any industrialized economy statistics, and even in China, the rapid growth in electricity is much more driven by growth in industrial production, living standards than the net/cloud or component production.
I tend to dislike using ratios and percentages in comparing historical events, because they can be misleading without basis and true, numerical reference. I'm not disputing the actual impact or value of energy demand growth as I don't know it with any exactness. But, for example, if I were to take your stated historical growth "rate" and apply it even to the last year in the cycle (assuming it would have the highest actual value of energy consumption), I suspect it would still be the smaller number compared to more recent values. Specifically, 2.6% of a 1994 residential consumption rate is likely equal or lower than 2.3% of the median in the post-1994 period you state. Just a guess on my part.
The point is that demand GROWTH, while tending to taper downward in an historical context, still results in a rise in demand for the most part every year. The usage of the Internet seems relatively recession-proof. So, most every factor reinforces the trends stated in this opinion piece. Whenever the "recovery" really takes hold, I would bet on the demand trends to increase. Whether or not the Internet will be the absolute primary driver is purely academic to me. But it is an easy anecdotal conclusion for me that demand will increase. For example, my desktop may only have a 500W power supply, but when I sit to catch up on some favorite TV shows by streaming through my cable provider, I can easily guess there is a good deal of energy required upstream of my coaxial line. And some of the references here suggest that demand is actually growing.
If industry and the public were not concerned and did not recognized opportunity, why is there such a large profit to be made in 'greening' data centers? In the last 3 or 4 years it was one of the fastest growing areas of support/consultation to the U.S. government, for example.
The topic of how that electricity is derived is another, long debate. But unless data center owners also invest in their own energy sources, they are left to get their power from whatever sources the utilities choose. Offsets and credits, were they used, are simply ineffective and a placebo at making the centers 'green'. Because baseload demand is provided overwhelmingly through fossil and nuclear sources, and because a watt here is offset by a watt over there, net-net the increase in data center demand means an increase in baseload demand eventually.
I went back an broke down the numbers differently and whether I look at Paak to Peak or Trough to Peak and CAGRS vs. average, each of the past three business cycles has seen very significant drop in growth rates for each sector in the full cycle vs the previous one. This also continues a trend first observed in the 1970′s. Yes, you are correct that the growth rates will tend to drop if you assume growth is a constant amount of terrawatt hours per year added, each subsequent year it will be smaller on a percentage basis, however power demand tends to be driven by population and economic growth; household formation, etc.
Overall, electric intensity is dropping and will likely to continue to drop. This covers the macro issue regarding Coal and Natural Gas. Yes, growth is still growth and there will be need to build more power plants. Also the retirement of coal capacity and likely replacement with natural gas (and to a certain extent renewables) will be a major macro trend of this business cycle. Another huge potential macro trend is a very big if – if electric cars really take off; I am not holding my breath. An aside, electric vehicles could be a huge boost in demand if they acheive a significant market penetration, if I bought a Nissan LEAF and drove it the full charge amount every day, it would increase my power demand by only 2000 to 3000 kw-hrs per year about 10 to 15% increase over current usage (and a small percentage of my A/C alone) – now this charging would be a very significant bump demand in the 4 to 8 hour recharge period.
How do I account for the interest in "greening" data centers? Well for one, "greenwashing" at worst (it is a perjorative term) to willingness to buy and ensure the development of "green power" for its public relations value (google). That is perhaps a bit harsh, but the google white paper explains in detail all the power development nuances.
The other key difference is that data centers need very reliable power and high quality ("clean" of a different sort – less voltage and frequency variation). By building on site generation be it backup generators or base load fuel cells, it takes the risk of the grid going down off the table. Data centers are still on grid (as they need back up and power is often less expensive or they want to wheel their green wind or solar power into the site). Yes the sites do use a fair amount; you can bet if Google is contracting for 100 MW of wind their base load is probably in the 30 MW range; that is a big number; but not all that huge compared to a lot of industrial sites (my employer recently put a 20 MW generator/Combined Heat and Power project in at a mid sized chemical process site).
Another reason for the greening is simply that Silicon Valley is in California, you have huge fortunes that have been made and not a small amount of hubris regarding doing in other industries what has been accomplished in IT. I think one has to say that most of the results thus far have been poor in efforts to advance technology by throwing money and "really smart people" at it (bio fuels especially, but solar panels aren't there yet, either). And a lot of the ideas being financed are not really new.
I have spent 30 years in the Natural Gas & Power Development industries; there has been talk of the impact of IT on power demand for at least the last 20 (covering two of the three business cycles) and overall, growth rates have dropped, so I think you have to consider that IT actually may be a net demand destructor. Think, how does NetFlix compare with the electrical usage of Blockbuster retail stores.
I think the point remains that the best way to capture the additional business opportunities are to look at the micro level; who provides power solutions and green solutions to a sector that feels a need for them because their target markets demand them?
The larger issues of electricity growth are going to be driven by economic, population growth and the (hopefully) improved living standards throughout the world; IT will be a small part of the physical use (while it may be the economic driver as countries take advantage of their ability to put in call centers and IT to serve first world nations (India & the Philippines for example).
In summary, I do not deny there is growth in power demand throughout the IT sector; my point is that it isn't evident in the macro numbers. Moving bits and bytes via light is far more efficient than the other ways we previously and to some extent still use to move information, previously such as electric currents (telephone) or actual physical movement of goods containing information (people, books newspapers, etc).
Yet the biggest electric (or less optimally, fossil fuels with IC engines) usages still true are related to mechanical work to accomplish true physical requirements.
I keep in mind an example I read recently about villagers in Cambodia who had cell phones but no running water. The lesson, while it takes electricity to run cellphones, it is much less than what it would take to pump and purify water. There is more than an order of magnitude difference between the two needs.
Mark, we think of the Cloud as a portal to remote renewable energy supplies. With properly placed data centers, Iceland is our particular location, electricity is cheap (.03/kwh) and abundant (up to 90 TWh potential) and latency is an issue for only the most speed sensitive apps and there is a growing need (niche) for sustainability in cloud services. That said, making a business of it has been a challenge.


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Cuzzin's restaurant at 8600 W. 159th St. in Orland Park closed a few weeks ago after being sold to new owners, according to its former owners on their Danny's Catering Facebook page.
Cuzzin's website says, "Our Orland Park location Cuzzin's/Cugino's is now closed. Please visit Danny's in Melrose."
A message on Danny's Facebook page posted on Nov. 19 says, "We want to let all our friends and fans know that we have sold our Orland Park location. For those of you on the south side I promise coming to Danny's in Melrose Park for dinner or your catering needs will be worth the ride. Stay in touch with this page for upcoming events and specials. Hope to see you soon, Paula Dote."
Calls to Dote were not returned. There is no word on who bought the restaurant or when it may reopen.
Cheesecake Factory to open this week
The eagerly awaited Cheesecake Factory will open its doors at Orland Square Mall (next to lower level Macy's) at 11 a.m. on Wednesday, Dec. 5.
General Manager of the Orland location will be Ryan Cook and its hours will be Monday to Thursday from 11 a.m. to 11 p.m., Friday and Saturday from 11 a.m. to midnight and Sunday from 10 a.m. to 11 p.m. Sunday brunch will be served from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m.
The Orland location is the company's sixth location in the Chicago area, the only full serve restaurant in the mall and the company's only location in the Southland.
The restaurant features 60 different kinds of cheesecake.
Tinley to vote on land contract
Tinley Park officials are expected to vote Tuesday to extend a contract giving the village an option to buy a parcel of land at 191st Street and Harlem Avenue now owned by Lincoln-Way School District 210.
The school district acquired the land years ago as the possible site of a new high school, but the school known as Lincoln-Way North was built a few years ago at Vollmer Road and Harlem Avenue.
The village sought to first buy the land years ago when a Walmart was proposed for the location. Opposition from nearby residents eventually helped sink that plan.
The village entered into the contract first in 2009 and extended it in 2011 for the purpose of controlling who would develop the land.
If approved, the contract would require the village to pay $6,250 in earnest money for a four-month extension. The contract could be extended again for another 60 days. The contract purchase price for the parcel is $7.5 million.
Baby's to give away Twinkies
Baby's Steak and Lemonade has acquired about 10,000 of the remaining Twinkies in the world and will give them away on Wednesday, Dec. 5, to customers at the Orland Park location, 15858 S. LaGrange Road, and the Country Club Hills location at 4019 W. 167th St.
To get one of the last Twinkies ever made as a Hostess product, customers must make a purchase or follow Baby's on Twitter or like the restaurant on Facebook.
Pop's Opening 2nd Orland Park Location
A new Pop's Italian Beef is coming to 9400 W. 159th St. on the former site of a Mobil gas station as part of the proposed Orland Park 159th Street Plaza, which was approved by Orland Park officials back in February.
Developers are expected to present their landscape plan to village officials at tonight's Village Board meeting.
According to its plan, developers are looking to construct two separate buildings separated by a parking lot. One building will be about 12,000 square feet and Pop's is going into the second building, which is slated to be about 4,965 square feet.
Hibachi Grill ribbon cutting
The Orland Park Chamber of Commerce will help celebrate the grand opening of the Hibachi Grill Supreme Buffet at 7260 W. 159th St. at 11 a.m. Wednesday, Dec. 5.
Heart and Sole Dance Holiday Open House
Heart and Sole Dance will hold its holiday open house from 4 p.m.-9 p.m. today at 7038 W. 183rd St. in Tinley Park. Enjoy snacks, free dance lessons and holiday deals. For information, visit Heart and Sole Dance online.
Orland Lions selling Christmas trees
The Orland Park Lions Club is holding its annual Christmas tree sale in a lot just north of 143rd Street on LaGrange Road. Trees are from northern Wisconsin. All proceeds go to local people/organizations in need.
Tinley-Frankfort Rotary donates dictionaries
The Tinley Park-Frankfort Rotary has donated more than 300 dictionaries to third-graders in Harvey School District 152. The dictionaries went to every 3rd grader in the district as well as students at Ralph J. Bunche School in Hazel Crest.
The service club, which has been handing out dictionaries to students for the past six years, has donated more than 1,500 books to date.
A similar donation has been made to students at Lincoln-Way North, Lincoln-Way East and Tinley Park high schools in the past.
If you see a new business in town or wonder what happened to an old favorite, drop me a line at email@example.com.
If you're interested in more local happenings, check out Orland Park business news and Tinley Park business news.
Like Orland Park Patch and Tinley Park Patch on Facebook.
You can also catch up on Comings & Goings in other parts of the Southland at www.southlandbusinessnews.blogspot.com.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Miami's police chief banned officers from carrying guns into City Hall.
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Police Chief Leonard Campanello rappelled down the side of the 23-story Hyatt Regency Hotel Saturday
Police Chief Pat Kitchens declined to discuss details of the case or declare that the suspect had fired the fatal shot
Sheriffs said they have not been consulted and question the wisdom of sending military personnel who are not authorized to stop, question or arrest anyone
An investigative report linked two city officers with the secret hate society that once was violently active in the area
The lieutenant was reassigned during the investigation and the officer is on leave with pay


text:
Pella — 1 can (26 oz.) Campbell's Condensed Cream of Chicken soup
1 1/4 cups milk
3/4 cup grated Parmesan cheese
1 tsp. onion powder
3 cups cooked or canned chicken, cubed
1 can (about 4.5 oz.) sliced mushrooms, drained
1/2 of a 1-lb. package spaghetti, cooked according to package directions (about 4 cups)
1/3 cup dry bread crumbs
2 Tbsp. butter, melted
1. Stir the soup, milk, Parmesan cheese and onion powder in a large bowl. Add the chicken, mushrooms and spaghettti; toss to coat.
2. Spoon the chicken mixture into a 3-quart shallow baking dish.
3. Stir the bread crumbs and butter in a small bowl with a fork and sprinkle the bread crumb mixture over the chicken mixture.
4. Bake at 400F for 25 minutes or until the mixture is hot and bubbly.
Serves 6.


text:
English Bulldog
Stud for you female has never been stud but im sure he will produce standard and beautiful puppys just compare the quality of the parents and make the right choice for your female please contact me anytime for more pictures about him or his parents 8324099453
Se habla espanol
Jul 30 -
AKC liver and white schnauzer available for stud service
AKC Liver & white parti schnauzer available for stud service. He is also registered CKC(continental). Almost 3 years old. He is a proven performer. Located in east Texas with easy access to i20. Please visit his website at eastexschnauzers.com or call 903-235-7617 for more information.
Blue Seal Akc English Bulldog up for Stud
We are currently studding out our blue seal boy for a limited time after a few we will close him to the public.Rolling Stone carries every color and can produce any color you can think of he's truly amazing and is so compact and short with tons of bone and wrinkles like a Real bulldog should look .To secure a stud service for now or future breeding please call for more info . 8326752482 Alex - feel free to look at our website 610kennels.com
Jul 29 -
AKC "DDR" Solid Black German Shepherd Stud Service
"The BEST of the BEST"! ! Gorgeous Large handsome "Stallion Type" Solid Black AKC registered "DDR" German Shepherd "Bar v. Wisler-Haus" (OFA Good Hips & Elbows/DNA Certified) is available for stud service to approved females only. Top "DDR" pedigree; the Very Best!! LIVE LITTER GUARANTEE!! We offer "AI" at Canine Vet Reproduction Specialist Clinic in Spring,TX. We do not offer "live cover". Stud Fee: $750. Emails are NOT coming through so call us if you wish to discuss "Bar"!! FLASH!! Litter ...
Jul 28 -
Gorgeous red AKC American and European dobermanstuds
I have 2 beautiful males both registered available for stud services only. They are booking up quickly.
Max is american his fee is $500 strait up or $250& pick of the litter. Ruger is my European his amazing pedigree is $1000 strait up or $500& pick of the litter. Both dogs are great family dogs they have excellent temperments. Very intelligent & natural guard dogs.
Jul 28 -
Stud service Miniature dachshund houston tx
Drake is a beautiful male dachshund that is 1 year and 2 months old. He is ready to breed. He Is majority white with piebald silver and fawn. He loves to be outside and hunt bit also loves to be loved on. He has quite the personality. Would throw absolutely beautiful puppies. Fee $300
Jul 28 -
Olde English Bulldogge
Blue Tri Olde English Bulldogge. He is IOEBA Registered. He is a proven stud. He produces black tri, blue tri and blues. Stud Fee is 800.00 Please text 713-449-7150 for more information.
Jul 27 -
English Bulldog AKC CHAMPION for Stud Services !!!
English Bulldog Stud Service, CHAMPION RockSolid Tony has 3 year old, great bulldog conformation show with nice package he is one of the best pedigree in the nation with multiple Americans champions, he is an AKC Champion finished by their owners, he is working for the Grand Champion title, for more information on his excellent pedigree please visit our web page at rocksolidbulldogs.com/Tony.php Also TONY will upgrade your puppies pedigree showing an AKC Champion as a father of your puppies,
* ...
Jul 27 -
Beautiful Yorkie Stud 3.10lb
Adorable little male stud, very loving, good temperament, beautiful coat.
Average size females only, short in statute, will not breed to large Yorkies,
Stud fee 300.00 AKC or CKC
Jul 27 -
Missouri City
Low Cost Mobile Grooming
Stress free grooming for both owner and pet. Free clean up service with each groom . Each groom is tailored to what you want. Please contact for pricing and locations.
Jul 26 -
akc english bulldog stud service - mister texas
Yes he's real . a 100% super amazing English bulldog
Stud male . MR. TEXAS is a perfect English bulldog
He produce beautiful wrinkle puppies at all time
He's bone structure is amazing . If you really wanna
Produce amazing puppies . MR TEXAS is what you need.
100% quality no questions ask .
Stud fee is $800. For right now only . but it will go up .
we know you will be satisfy with he's service and quality
Remember quality is priceless. Thank you
Stud service is $ 800 n 2 ai's
Calls only please ...
Jul 24 -
AKC Pomeranian tcup *Champion sired* stud only
This is tbone he is a true tcup at only 3lbs. He is triple coat. Stud only. He is AKC with champion sired* . Your pom must be 4lbs. Or under. Unless you would like to try artificial insemination. I have only done research on this. I am not experienced with it. We are just part time hobby breeders that happen to have the best looking poms :) in my opinion. Stud fee is $400 or first pick with AKC pom only. Thanks for looking.
Jul 24 -
Texas City
AKC pomeranian stud
This is Porkchop he has produced many litters and is DNA certified. He is a standard size pom 6lbs. STUD ONLY.. we are just a part time hobby breeder. We love our babies like our children. $200 or pick with AKC pom only. Thanks for looking.
Beautiful AKC Boxer for Stud ONLY!!
I have a 4 year old boxer male. White with brown spots. Very flashy boy with a great temperament!! AKC papers. He is a big dog weighing about 75 pounds. If you would like to see pictures please text me at 832-628-2410. Stud fee is $500 but willing to negotiate.
AKC English Bull Terrier Stud
Purebred English Bull Terrier - Proven Stud available. AKC papers. Great temperament. Nice head and build. $500 Stud fee. Call or text 713-291-3326.
Jul 23 -
AKC Siberian Husky Studs
I have three AKC Siberian Huskies that could stud an approved female husky. Do not contact me if your female dog is not a Siberian husky. None of my males are for sale!
Pharoah is a grey and white male with blue eyes. Proven stud and has beautiful puppies. Will produce show quality puppies. Price is $1500 for stud or pick of the litter.
Cooper is a red and white male with blue eyes. Proven stud and can produce show and pet quality puppies. Price is $1000 for stud or puck of the litter.
Rebel is ...
Jul 23 -
Great dane STUD beautiful harlequin
Beautiful. Male harlequin 175 LB . For stud only .. For more info. Text 832 797 0388 ......hermoso arlequín para maquila o cruza.. 832 797 0388..
Jul 23 -
stud service import rottweiler von kelemen blood line
Male rottweiler for stud service import blood line .to good female only.he is out of the von kelemen ".call Mike 832-6434317
Jul 22 -
AKC English Bulldog for Stud.
I have a AKC Bully for stud he is 16 months he has never been studded before. Champion bloodline no medical issue up to date on all he's shots a healthy bully contact me if interested 832-317-8883 Thank you!!!!
Bully pit Stud
I have a 2 year old Bully Pit that im looking to stud out. He is 92 lbs. Ive uploaded two pictures of him from my instagram if you would like to see more please just ask. I have all his papers and registration forms as well if you would like a picture of those too just ask. He is a great dog with an outstanding bloodline.
Nice young male up for STUD
I have my boy Drew Breezy aka Hercules up for stud a Dax grandson
Jul 21 -
Mine Retrievers
We are a pet waste removal service. We don't claim to be "#1 in the #2 business", or any area's "premier" pet waste removal service...those words should come out of YOUR mouth, not ours.
We try our hardest to serve and treat others as we would want to be served or treated. We deliver on our promise to you, show up on time, and communicate.
Weekly and Bi-Weekly services, as well as one time services for those special occasions. Prices are as low as $12 a week. No contracts. Service can be ...
Jul 18 -
French Bulldog stud service Houston AKC DNA profile.
This is Prince our AKC French Bulldog available for stud services, he is primed and ready, compact body, stocky, big bones, erect bat ears, nice wide chest with beatiful short wrinkle face, smooth short coat, playful, alert, affectionate with sweet temperment and great markings.
He has beatiful wh/fawn color. Stud fee $500 usdls.
Excellent Semen quality and motility. Only 22 pounds.
For more info please call 713-446-5799.
* Contract Warranty.
* Female check ...
Jul 18 -
AKC Chocolate English bulldog (carries blue and black)
QUALITY & COLOR all in ONE! The Perfect bulldog!!
Our boy Chewy Stands at only 13inches, very low and compact body, thick bone structure and blocky head with an overdone nose rope to compliment the rest! He has a very kind temperment always wanting to play and willing to love, how a bulldog should be!
Along with his amazing quality Chewy is a rare Chocolate Tri that carries Blue and Black tri giving him the abilty to pass chocolate to every puppy and produce all colors of the rare bulldog rainbow ...
Jul 17 -


text:
July 30, 2014
Dallas Mavericks owner Mark Cuban says he would consider drafting Baylor All-American Brittney Griner.
Cuban told reporters before Tuesday night's game between the Mavericks and the Lakers that if Griner is the best player available, "I will take her."
The 6-foot-8 Griner finished her college career as the NCAA leader in blocked shots and the second-leading scorer in women's college basketball history.
Cuban says he has already thought about it and "Right now, I'd lean towards yes, just to see if she can do it. You never know unless you give somebody a chance."
Cuban said Griner would have to make the team and he isn't "opposed to giving her the opportunity."
He adds: "That'd sell out a few games."
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text:
Super Saturday for area teams in CIF title games
Today, Anaheim Convention Center
3AA: 6:30 p.m., Calabasas vs. South Torrance.
Saturday, Anaheim Convention Center
2AA: 9 a.m., Royal vs. Inglewood.
3A: 11:15 a.m., Oak Park vs. Alemany.
Friday, Anaheim Convention Center
3AAA: 7 p.m., Rio Mesa vs. Arroyo Grande.
Saturday, Mater Dei High
5AA: 3:30 p.m., Villanova Prep vs. Mission Prep.
Saturday, Downey High
Division 3: 5 p.m., Channel Islands vs. Paramount.
Division 1: 7:30 p.m., Ventura vs. Millikan.
Saturday, Mission Viejo High
Division 4: 2:30 p.m.,Oaks Christian vs. Marymount.
Two veritable doubleheaders highlight what has turned into Super Saturday for area high schools in the CIF-Southern Section championships this week.
The Royal High boys basketball team, playing in its first section championship game, and Oak Park, appearing in a boys final for the first time since 2005, will appear in back-to-back contests at the Anaheim Convention Center on Saturday morning.
Royal will take on Inglewood for the boys 2AA title beginning at 9:30 a.m. Oak Park follows with an 11:15 a.m. tipoff in the 3A championship game.
In boys soccer, Channel Islands and Ventura will play in back-to-back championship games at Downey High.
Channel Islands goes against Paramount for the Division 3 title beginning at 5 p.m. Ventura will take on Long Beach Millikan for the Division 1 crown beginning at 7:30 p.m.
Two other local programs will play for CIF-SS championships on Saturday
In girls soccer, Oaks Christian goes against Marymount starting at 2:30 p.m. at Mission Viejo High. In girls basketball, Villanova Prep will oppose Mission Prep for the 5AA title with a 3:30 p.m. tipoff at Mater Dei High.
In all, nine local squads reached championship games this week.
The Rio Mesa girls basketball team will try for its first section crown Friday when it tips off against Arroyo Grande at 7 p.m. at the Anaheim Convention Center.
The Calabasas boys basketball team will take on South Torrance for the 3AA title today at 6:30 p.m. in Anaheim. The Oak Park girls basketball team played for the 3A title on Wednesday evening vs. Bishop Amat.
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Monday-Friday: 6am-3pm / Saturday: 6:30am-10:30am / Sunday: 7am-11am


text:
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City of Kansas City, Mo.
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE: March 18, 2013
City, AIAKC reschedules Enlightened Accessible Design forum to May 2
Architects, builders and engineers invited to share ideas at forum
The City of Kansas City, Mo., Mayor's Committee for People with Disabilities and the American Institute of Architects – Kansas City have rescheduled their Enlightened Accessible Design forum to Thursday, May 2 from 11:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. at the Kauffman Foundation, 4801 Rockhill Road. The original forum, scheduled for Feb. 27, had been canceled due to the snowstorms.
Area architects, builders, engineers and interested residents are invited to attend this forum to discuss innovative ways to make Kansas City a more accessible community, especially for individuals with disabilities. The event features a lineup of national experts, successful case studies involving Enlightened Accessible Design, a panel discussion and more.
The event will end with a reception from 5-6:30 p.m. at The Whole Person, 3710 Main St. The Whole Person is a center for independent living that provides a full range of community-based services for people with disabilities.
"Kansas City has always prided itself in the warmth and welcoming nature of our community," said David H. Westbrook, chair of the Mayor's Committee for People with Disabilities. "It is our hope that through this forum, we can start a movement among developers, builders, architects and engineers to make Enlightened Accessible Design a signature of that warm and welcoming spirit."
"We are committed to helping every resident fully participate in all Kansas City has to offer. Our city has historically been a leader on issues of inclusion and equal access, and I am proud to support the Committee for People with Disabilities' extraordinary efforts to make the built environment fully reflect the needs of all our citizens," said Mayor Sly James.
For more information or to register for this forum, please visit http://www.aiakc.org/stay-up-to-date/event/enlightened-accessible-design-a-forum-for-architects-builders-and-engineers/. Registration costs $79, or $30 for students. This forum is worth five HSW learning units.
Any person with a disability who desires reasonable accommodation to attend this meeting may contact the City's 311 Call Center at 311 or 816-513-1313, or for TTY, 816-513-1889, or by email at firstname.lastname@example.com.
For media inquiries, please contact Danny Rotert, Mayor's Office, at 816-513-6581.


text:
So Fabulous Sequin Panel Dress
- In Stock
5 reviews
- Delivery
So Fabulous! Sequin Panel Dress
This sequin dress by So Fabulous! is inspired by the decadent style of ancient Greece - the perfect choice for your new season looks.
Full sleeves, a flirty skirt and a chic elasticated waist work together to add oomph to your curves, giving you a figure-flattering silhouette. Sequin panelling adds a shimmering touch of summer to your look and helps to sleek your shape.
Wear this dress with So Fabulous! court shoes and a Ted Baker clutch bag for a perfectly pretty evening outfit you'll love being seen in.
To keep me looking So Fabulous! please hand wash me only.
Useful info:
- Dress by So Fabulous!
- Sequin panelling
- Elasticated waist
- Worn length: 38 inches
So Fabulous Panelled Slub Jersey Skater Dress
- Low stock, selling fast
3 reviews
- Delivery
So Fabulous! Panelled Jersey Skater Dress
This jersey skater dress by So Fabulous! will add instant elegance and feminine flair to your casual look this summer.
Thanks to its panel detailing this frock is a figure flattering take on the skater dress trend. As the jersey fabric skims your body it showcases your waist and flatters your curves - the flirty skirt will quickly put you in a sunny mood.
Wear this dress with wedge shoes and a cropped denim jacket for a pretty daytime look you'll wear again and again.
Useful info:
- Skater dress by So Fabulous!
- Panelled jersey fabric
- Three quarter sleeves
- Scoop neck shape
- Worn length: 36 inch
So Fabulous Midi Length Bodycon Dress
- Low stock, selling fast
20 reviews
- Delivery
So Fabulous! Printed Bodycon Midi Dress
This printed bodycon dress by So Fabulous! makes a sassy start to your summer with its rainbow of hot hues.
Showcasing your shape this dress hugs you in all the right places - cinching your waist and revealing your décolletage this frock flatters your flirty side. An all-over colourful print beautifies your summer wardrobe and creates the perfect base to colour clash with. Three-quarter sleeves and a pencil shape skirt make this a great day-to-night choice.
Wear this dress with Shoe Box heels and a dusting of blush pink on your cheeks for an oh-So Fabulous! evening outfit.
Useful info:
- Bodycon dress by So Fabulous!
- All-over colourful repeat print
- Midi length design
- Three-quarter length sleeves
So Fabulous Long Sleeve Ponte Skater Dress
- Low stock, selling fast
30 reviews
- Delivery
So Fabulous! Ponte Skater Dress
This ponte skater dress by So Fabulous! is a fun and flirty piece to kick off the new season.
Whether you fall head over heels for the heart print or choose pink perfection this skater dress makes a girly addition to your spring looks. The skater shape is figure flattering as it highlights your waist and skims over your hips – not to mention the sweetheart neckline that makes the most of your décolletage. Full sleeves mean this a great trans-seasonal option - plus it provides that extra coverage to boost your new season confidence.
Wear this dress with So Fabulous! court shoes for a flattering and fabulous party outfit.
Useful info:
- Skater dress by So Fabulous!
- Textured ponte fabric
- Sweetheart neckline detail
- Flattering seam to front
- Worn length: 36 inches


text:
TRAVERSE CITY--The U.S. Navy-trained Blue Angels will grace the sky over Traverse City at next summer's National Cherry Festival.
The U.S. Navy and Marine flight demonstration team performed at the festival every other year for the last 20 years. The exception was 2012, when they were booked for a War of 1812 commemoration.
The team will show off their flying precision on the festival's kickoff weekend: July 5-6.
"When we see the jets in Traverse City, it's an amazing spectacle to see that level of precision, especially among those protecting our country," said Trevor Tkach, the executive director of the festival. "I think it's a feeling on two levels: one is entertainment value and another is pride and respect for our military."
Blue Angel performances typically boost festival attendance.
"We do know there's certainly an increase in attendance on Blue Angel years to the degree that we see lots and lots of people on beaches and outside of festival grounds in addition to packed open space," Susan Wilcox Olson, the Cherry Festival media and marketing manager, said.
Tkach was relieved to hear that the team would be available to fly during the festival after federal budget cuts grounded them earlier this year
The Blue Angels will perform at around 1 p.m. They will also fly in a practice show on July 4.


text:
[JURIST] US Senate Judiciary Committee Chairman Patrick Leahy (D-VT) said Sunday that US Attorney General Alberto Gonzales [official profile; JURIST news archive] may be the subject of a perjury investigation if he does not clear up concerns regarding the truthfulness of his testimony about warrantless wiretapping. Speaking on CBS News' Face the Nation program, Leahy gave Gonzales one week to resolve inconsistencies [transcript, PDF], saying:
he answered under oath at great length. I think a lot of us, Republicans and Democrats, were incredulous at some of the answers. I told him, frankly, I don't trust him. But, in fairness, I've given him this--the testimony. He has a week to correct it if he wants. I suggest he consult with a lawyer as he does it. If he doesn't correct it, then I think that there are so many errors in there that the pressure will be very, very heavy, whether it's a special prosecutor, special counsel efforts within the--within the Congress.The irony is, though, the Department of Justice, which is supposed to be very impartial--it's supposed to be impartial law enforcement--is being shredded by his activities. And if you lose confidence in law enforcement, it hurts everybody all the way down to the cop on the beat. Frankly, at this point, the president ought to take a long look at this and ask does he want to go down in history with this attorney general as part of his historical record?


text:
A former Nets basketball player who'd been hounded over money recently was found buried in a shallow grave on the Far Rockaway beach Monday morning, The Post has learned.
The body of Quinton Ross, 32, was stuffed into a trash bag that was hidden in a patch of weeds midway between the water and the boardwalk at Beach 40th Street, cops said.
A law-enforcement source said he had been reported missing to the 103rd Precinct in Jamaica, Queens, on Thursday.
Ross' aunt, Stachia Jacobs
Ross' aunt, with whom he's been living recently, said her mother "saw these men chasing him" before he disappeared.
"People have been calling for Quinton asking about a car or getting some money, but I tell them he doesn't live here," Stachia Jacobs of Far Rockaway said near the crime scene.
"Why did they bury him? What could he have done? Those bastards!" she wailed.
Ross' mom's fiance said cops located his body by tracking his cell phone and identified him through his clothing.
"It looks like he was murdered and buried in a shallow grave," said Noel Moses, 61.
It's unclear if there were any signs of trauma on Ross' body. Cops said the disposal of his body raised suspicions of foul play, and were awaiting autopsy results from the Medical Examiner's Office.
The 6-foot-6 guard-forward played seven seasons in the NBA, for teams including the Los Angeles Clippers, Memphis Grizzlies and Washington Wizards.
He was traded to the Nets, then based in New Jersey, for the 2010-11 season, reportedly earning a career-high $1.15 million.
But he was waived after missing 24 games due to a back injury.
The Dallas native played for the Boulazac Basket Dordogne team in France as recently as last January.
Ross Averaged around 5 points trough 4 seasons with Clippers..
Yea just saw this... sad.
So It's NOT our Q Ross?
Geez that was scary- Q Ross was one of my favorite players, so thankfully that was a mix-up. Guy played some amazing defense- wonder what he is up to nowadays.
How in thee F could they screw that up. How random. What about the wailing mom, was it his real mom or somebody else's mom? Did they seriously go to QRoss's mom's house and tell her he's dead?
According to sources the body found, his name was also Quinton Ross
Glad it was not our Q Ross.
thoughts and prayers out to the actual victim as well, I mean damn to put someone in a trash bag and just leave them there like garbage. This world is so messed up man, cruel, cruel people.
These internet rumors go viral before anybody does the legwork of checking if they're actually accurate. Wayne Knight (Newman from Seinfeld) had to send out tweets last week protesting that he was still alive after he was erroneously reported dead. As TheDude says, that's pretty f*cked up for friends and family members of the alleged "deceased".
Sometimes this stuff is an honest mistake, and other times it's malicious in nature. With the information age came a golden age for misinformation. Always best to maintain an open mind until something is proven true, or in this case... untrue.
Quinton Ross says Monday was "tough day" after being reported dead
The first time anyone outside his family heard from former NBA player Quinton Ross on Monday he had called into hip-hop station K104 in his home town of Dallas.
He had called in to refute the reports he was dead.
"It's been a crazy morning" he said over the air. "I woke up and saw these text messages saying 'say it ain't so,' so I called around to see what was going on."
What was going on is that a man named Quinton Ross had been discovered dead in a shallow grave in Queens, New York - the New York Post ran with a story that originally said it was the former NBA player Ross. It wasn't. After more than an hour the Post retracted the story and noted it was not the same Quinton Ross, but by that time the story was around the world at the speed of the Web. (While I had tweeted out a link to the Post story PBT never ran a post on this because the NYPD would not confirm the identity of the victim.)
The former NBA player Ross, who spent seven seasons bouncing around the NBA after making the Clippers despite not being drafted out of SMU, spoke to the Associated Press about his day.
"My phone was going crazy," he said. "I checked Facebook. Finally, I went on the Internet, and they were saying I was dead. I just couldn't believe it.
The 32-year-old Ross called loved ones and posted on Facebook to "let everybody know I was OK."
"A couple (relatives) already heard it," he said. "They were crying. I mean, it was a tough day, man, mostly for my family and friends."
New York Police are still investigating the apparent murder of the other Ross.


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we discovered a while ago that D&D has a lot of dog monsters, and not a lot of cat monsters. I speculated that might be because the European roots of D&D have a lot more stories about scary dogs than about scary cats. Well, this week I want to talk about the assortment of bird-people that D&D has produced over the years. I have the sinking feeling we have so many because we've never quite gotten it right: aarakocra, dire corby, gyerian, kenku, nagpa, raptoran, and tengu. (Yes, we've produced two bird-people based on different spellings of the same Japanese beastie.) I'm leaving out the harpy (which I've already discussed), the swanmay, and a couple of planar creatures: the avoral guardinal, the vrock demon, and the diakk. And I'm steering clear of creatures that are just people with wings, like the angels, the avariel elves, and so on.
Maybe I'm not being fair to these bird-people, though. Maybe we have so many because there are multiple cool angles to the concept of a humanoid bird-race. After all, I didn't complain about how many races of lizard-people we have (though we did make some effort to make sure they're visually distinct). Let's have a look and see.
Of the bunch, the aarakocra are probably the most well-established in D&D lore. They appeared in the second monster book for three editions in a row (Monster Manual II for the original AD&D, the second Monstrous Compendium for 2nd Edition, and Monsters of Faerûn for 3rd Edition). They're so close to top-tier monsters, but not quite there. Poor birdfolk.
Aarakocra are neutral good humanoids with large wings instead of arms. Hands emerge from their wings, letting them use tools and weapons while standing on the ground. Their feet are also functional as hands—the talons "unlock and fold back" to reveal another set of hands, basically. These they can use to hold weapons while flying, and they often employ javelins, even at range, before raking with their taloned claws. While grounded and cornered, they can also attack with their beaks. They can fly and are fairly maneuverable in the air. Their most devastating attack is a rapid dive from high in the air, pulling out at the last second while stabbing with a javelin or raking with their claws.
An aarakocra's head is birdlike, with forward-facing eyes and a heavy, gray-black beak somewhere in shape between a parrot's and an eagle's (heavier than an eagle's, longer than a parrot's). The males are colored brightly (red, orange, and/or yellow), and the females are brown or gray.
Aarakocra live in small tribes in a huge communal nest. The tribe leader is the oldest member, assisted by a druid. A druid with at least four other aarakocra has the special ability to summon an air elemental by performing an intricate aerial dance for a few rounds.
The aarakocra of Dark Sun resemble vultures more than parrots. They're taller and hardier than their kin on other worlds, but otherwise similar. Evil tribes of Athasian aarakocra are known to exist. They are more nomadic than good-aligned tribes, and they often evict good tribes from their nests to find shelter on their journeys.
On the down side, aarakocra are highly claustrophobic. They won't willingly enter buildings and wouldn't be caught dead underground. That pretty well rules out the idea of an aarakocra adventurer, except in a rare campaign that doesn't involve dungeon-delving. Combined with their generally good alignment, it also limits their usefulness as opponents. I suspect that's why they've always been relegated to the second monster book.
A weird-looking creature stepped out from one of the numerous side passages. It was bipedal and black skinned, with a beaked bird's head and the torso of a man, featherless and wingless. Both of its powerful-looking arms ended in hooked, wicked claws, and its legs ended in three-toed feet. Another creature stepped out from behind it, and another from behind them.
"Relatives?" Belwar asked Drizzt, for the creatures did indeed resemble some weird cross between a dark elf and a bird.
—from Exile, by R.A. Salvatore
A weird-looking creature stepped out from one of the numerous side passages. It was bipedal and black skinned, with a beaked bird's head and the torso of a man, featherless and wingless. Both of its powerful-looking arms ended in hooked, wicked claws, and its legs ended in three-toed feet. Another creature stepped out from behind it, and another from behind them.
"Relatives?" Belwar asked Drizzt, for the creatures did indeed resemble some weird cross between a dark elf and a bird.
—from Exile, by R.A. Salvatore
Another creature introduced in the Fiend Folio, the dire corby is a humanoid bird with arms in place of wings. They play a role in R.A. Salvatore's novel Exile, and otherwise have been mostly ignored in D&D, disappearing from official monster books until the Neverwinter Campaign Setting for 4th Edition.
Despite Belwar's speculation, there's no blood relation between drow and dire corbies. Recent speculation suggests that they descended from predatory birds forced into the Underdark. Maybe they're related to kenkus or tengu, or maybe they descend from aarakocra forced to the dismal fate of living underground.
Whatever their origin, dire corbies hunt in flocks and gather in large underground caverns. They don't use weapons, relying on their clawed hands. They always attack and fight to the death, making them ideal D&D opponents but not particularly interesting for anything else.
Let's pause a moment for comic relief, shall we? The gyerian, introduced in the Creature Catalogue for the D&D (as opposed to AD&D) game, is a Small, flightless, birdlike humanoid. Nervous and excitable, perhaps the most dangerous thing about them is the fact that a very nervous gyerian might sneeze—creating such a blast of air that it can bowl other creatures right over for 1d4 damage. Larger and stronger gyerians are called cockrobins, and their leaders are 6-foot-tall roosters.
I can't even.
Basically, we're talking about three different monsters under two different (but related) names. The distinctions among them have changed over the history of D&D.
In 1st and 2nd Edition AD&D, the kenku (introduced in the Fiend Folio) was a humanoid with wings, separate arms, birdlike feet, and the head of a hawk. Accomplished thieves, kenku also have some limited spellcasting ability. They can disguise themselves as humans, and they sometimes pose as gods to collect offerings from credulous worshipers. Though they're neutral, they favor kidnapping as a source of income.
The tengu, meanwhile, was introduced in the original Oriental Adventures, with two varieties. One has the head and beak of a crow, and feathered wings sprouting from between its shoulder blades. These tengu are cruel and evil, causing harm at every opportunity. They can mimic other voices and change their shape.
The other kind of tengu has a bright red or blue humanlike face with an exceptionally long nose. Some humanoid tengu have stunted wings. Their magical abilities are more developed than their crow-headed kin, and they also practice martial arts. Their magical fans can be used as katanas, and they can also create wind or make a person's nose or ears grow (or shrink). Though not evil, the humanoid tengu are chaotic and often play cruel tricks on humans. Rarely, they tutor humans in swordplay.
Both kinds of tengu are Small, about two to four feet tall (with the humanoid variety growing about a foot taller than their kin). These two forms of tengu have pretty solid roots in Japanese mythology, and they were preserved in 2nd Edition's Monstrous Compendium Kara-Tur Appendix and 3rd Edition's Oriental Adventures.
But in 3rd Edition's Monster Manual III, the kenku's head also changed from a hawk's head to a crow's head. Uh-oh. They also lost their wings and took on the tengu's ability to mimic voices, while remaining the scheming rogues they were in the past. That form of kenku persisted into 4th Edition, when the tengu disappeared.
The hawk-headed kenku is pretty uniquely D&D. The tengu, as I said, has strong roots in Japanese myth. My feeling is that they should remain distinct monsters as they were in 1st and 2nd Edition, with the tengu appearing primarily in Asian-flavored cultures such as Kara-Tur in the Forgotten Realms. Of course, that wouldn't stop a DM from using tengu in any setting.
Somehow, the nagpa comes across as significantly less silly than the other birdfolk race in the Creature Catalogue, the gyerian. The lack of a sneeze attack certainly helps, as does the sinister wizard vibe.
A nagpa appears as a withered humanoid form with the head of a vulture—a lot like a skeksis from The Dark Crystal, actually. They appeared in the Mystara Monstrous Compendium for 2nd Edition, and in the 4th Edition Monster Manual 3. They also seem to be closely related to the carrin (mutated vultures) of Gamma World.
Nagpas are the result of a curse leveled upon selfish and solitary wizards, transforming them into such a hideous form and preventing them from enjoying any of the pleasures of life. Consumed with cravings for the things of a luxurious life, their curse makes their fine meals taste like filth, turns bodily pleasure into agonizing pain, fills them with paranoid suspicion about their wealth, and robs them of restful sleep. When they seek escape in the arms of death, they are almost instantly reincarnated, with their memories intact.
A nagpa casts spells like a wizard, and it usually carries a heavy staff it can also use in melee.
Finally, we come to the latest bird-person to be added to D&D lore, the raptoran. Introduced in the 3rd Edition Races of the Wild, the raptoran was intended from the start to be a playable race. That meant limiting its ability to fly, since a character with full-on flight at 1st level could wreak havoc with adventure design.
A raptoran is a humanoid with wings on its shoulders. They have long legs, which make them taller than humans, but their build is slender and their bones are light. Their legs end in bony talons that can grip weapons or branches. Feathers grow on their heads like hair, and in females this is a neck ruff that can be expanded as a display that males find attractive.
Raptorans' wings help them jump and enable them to glide at low levels, but young raptorans (including adventurers) must undertake the Walk of the Four Winds, walking the world until they learn to fly. A raptoran gains the ability to fly at 5th level, but only for a limited number of rounds. That limit goes away at 10th level.
Like aarakocra, raptorans have a racial connection to air elementals. In ancient times, the raptorans made a bargain with powerful air elementals, gaining the ability to fly in exchange for agreeing that the most powerful warriors of the race would be at the elementals' service in major battles among the planes. The elementals have not called on raptorans to keep up their end of the bargain in many generations, but there is certainly an interesting story hook there for a raptoran player character who reaches higher levels.
I think one of the key problems with the birdfolk is that they exist wholly unconnected with anything else in the D&D multiverse. They're not associated with any other creatures, they don't worship any known gods, and they're not even strongly associated with any of the many places in the multiverse. One way to start giving them a stronger place in the game might be to give them a stronger place in the world(s) by forging some of those connections.
I'm not sure that the game needs both aarakocra and raptorans, at least if concerns about low-level player characters being able to fly are not an issue. They're similar in appearance (though raptorans have arms as well as wings), and they both have a connection to air elementals as a part of their story. If the aarakocra absorbed the raptorans, some elements of the raptoran pact with air elementals could enrich the aarakocra story. Maybe they forged a pact with a powerful djinni caliph in ancient times, and they're strongly connected with the djinn. The pact might mean that aarakocra are often encountered alongside djinn, as foot soldiers (so to speak). That would make the aarakocra natural enemies of the efreet as well—they might actually return the efreet's hatred of the djinn more powerfully than the djinn themselves do. That animosity could extend to other fire creatures as well.
The Wind Dukes of Aaqa are a sort of fringe part of D&D lore, the legendary creators of the Rod of Seven Parts. Maybe the aarakocra swore a pact with them, which was fundamentally about their conflict with the Queen of Chaos. That might steer aarakocra in a more lawful direction than they've gone before, but it would make them natural enemies of demons. That's probably best only in a campaign that puts the conflict between Law and Chaos in a central position.
So it seems to me that the best approach to take with the aarakocra is to stress that ancient pact, while giving the DM the flexibility to determine the nature of the pact and its impact on his or her campaign. What about the other birdfolk?
Maybe the dire corbies are connected to the drow. Not descended from them, as Belwar speculated, but bred or otherwise created by them. Maybe better, they could be connected to Pazuzu, the demonic Prince of the Lower Aerial Kingdoms, and created as that demon's attempt to gain a foothold in the Underdark in competition with Lolth and her drow. Dire corbies would pretty much be unwitting pawns in the demonic struggle, but it suggests that their leaders might be warlocks or evil priests, invested with demonic powers. I think that makes them start to feel more interesting.
What about the thieving, hawk-headed kenku? Tricky thieves with magic powers . . . they could be fey. Is that crazy? Or they could be associated with harpies in some way, but that's not resonating in my head.
And the nagpa? Well, I like the story of their curse. It doesn't connect them to other elements of lore, but it does give them an origin story. The 4th Edition presentation of the nagpa did tie them to other creatures in practical terms: They recruit bandits and thieves to help them acquire the things they crave, they're served by brutish creatures such as ogres and trolls, and they cooperate with oni (ogre magi), employing them to oversee their other servants. You can imagine a nagpa as the Moriarty behind the scenes of an oni's criminal enterprise.
And what about the gyerian? No, never mind.


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One of the blessings of being a journalist is that you get to meet and speak with a wide assortment of people—each with their own perspectives and background.
Often, those conversations are enlightening. Only rarely, however, do they cause me to step back and re-evaluate my own life.
That was the case earlier this summer when I spoke with Anna Richardson, a 26-year-old former methamphetamine addict and mother of two. Anna is 19 months clean, but her road to sobriety wasn't easy. Homeless for a year, she went through treatment and fought desperately to regain custody of her daughters.
Anna is one of many people that my co-workers and I interviewed over the past several weeks as we compiled a series of articles tracking rising homelessness rates in Dakota County. We spoke with homeless shelter directors, county agencies, nonprofit leaders and political figures throughout Dakota County.
Over and over, they told us that homelessness—long thought to be a problem associated exclusively with urban centers in Minnesota—was now spreading to the suburbs.
This week, you'll get to review the statistics, listen to the experts and read about the county's new plan to address and end homelessness locally.
But this week you'll also learn about the lives of people like Marcy Thomas, who lost her position as a financial analyst, became addicted to crack cocaine and wound up in jail. People like John P., a 52-year-old grandfather who is ashamed to be homeless and struggles with his self-worth.
People like Anna, who lived out of a truck for four months after her life came crashing down during a police raid.
A 2009 estimate puts the homeless population in Minnesota at roughly 13,100—and roughly three-quarters of those people suffer from chronic health conditions, chemical dependency, a serious mental illness, a traumatic brain injury or some combination thereof, according to statewide estimates.
It may be easy to dismiss them when they're standing at the corner of a busy intersection with a cardboard sign begging for money, or waiting for spare change at a bus stop.
But their stories—when you really dig into them—don't offer any quick answers, or fall easily into any of the traditional stereotypes that we commonly associate with homeless people.
Toward the end of our interview, I asked Anna what lessons she took away from her own struggle.
"You never know why someone's homeless," she told me. "In the blink of an eye, you can lose it. Everything can be so fragile."
Editor's Note: Homelessness rates in Dakota County and other suburban communities in Minnesota have risen substantially in the last five years. This article is part of a Patch series exploring that trend. Click on the links below to read other articles on the topic.


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Authorities say a Gloucester County Prosecutor's Office detective was wounded Tuesday afternoon when a weapon was accidentally discharged near the criminal justice center in Woodbury.
SkyFOX was over the scene of the incident which occurred around 1:45 p.m. at the complex, which is located on the first block of Hunter Street.
The shooting was reported to have occurred near a sally port, which is where authorities typically enter and exit with suspects.
"The wound was not life-threatening and no other persons were injured," the county prosecutor's office stated in a news release just before 2:30 p.m.
"The detective, who is not being identified because of the nature the officer's assignment, was taken to Underwood-Memorial Hospital in Woodbury," the release further states. "County Prosecutor Sean F. Dalton is presently at the hospital. The incident is under investigation by the Prosecutor's Office and, as is required in officer-involved shootings, the New Jersey Attorney General's Office has been notified."
WHBQ-TV | Fox 13 485 S. Highland St.Memphis, TN 38111Main Station: (901) 320-1313Newsroom: (901) 320-1340


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IMP Awards > 2009 Movie Trailers > Saw VI
Check out other trailers for this film:
Saw VI (2009)
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Hi. You do not like switching weapon in GTA 4?
I just change it. From GTA 5 gameplay i just made same HUD weapon switching.
Version 1.00 OUT
Added a option to switch weapons like in MaxPayne 3. [with scroller on mouse]
Added options to disable / enable effects: bullet time, a 'dark world' and black rectangle background for HUD.
You had a problems with switching HUD and changing the Radio Station? You can disable switching in vehicles.
You can change the HUD size, the font size, the names of weapons, icons of them and other things.
Have fun!
If You want more add me in Facebook : http://www.facebook.com/michaelwojtanis.
Also You can find me on YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/rinepim
Download: "http://www.wojtanis.com".
Video from 1.00:


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Customer Reviews
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Posted 3/26/2013 at 9:21 AM by Lorann
Gift was processed and shipped quickly, it was packed well and received in perfect condition and it was adorable. Thank you!
Sending the same ornament to different places? If you order more than one of an item and want them shipped to different addresses, please order them individually. We will ask you for the individual shipping addresses later in the ordering process.
Tequila Christmas Ornaments
Personalized Christmas Ornament
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and credit card.
Ornaments shown on our site are personalized, as examples only, so you can see where we put the words/names you give us. Some ornaments allow you to select hair or uniform color. If there is no color choice, it is not available on that particular ornament. We will do everything possible to catch any mistakes in spelling, etc., but are not responsible if we do as you request, and it is then not correct. The ornament you see above is the way it will look when you get it, except for the personalizing instructions you give us and any optional attributes you select.


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After fourth graders at Rockwood School District's Center for Creative Learning (CCL) in October requested the St. Louis County anti-idling ordinance be enforced at all Rockwood locations, the district's Board of Education directors took the recommendation to heart.
Read previous article: Anti-Idling Policy Posed by Rockwood Elementary Students
The students presented reasons why enforcing the ordinance should decrease harmful ozone outcomes and increase health. Rockwood's board of directors apparently agreed, and approved a freshened Rockwood policy to that end at Thursday's board meeting.
Those same CCL students and teachers returned Thursday to witness the approval.
CCL is a two-campus Rockwood facility at which qualifying students throughout the district receive a once-weekly accelerated program. The set of CCL students recommending this anti-idling policy were in the CCL "There's No Zone Like the Ozone" class.
The new recommendation restricts the amount of time vehicles will be allowed to idle while on district campuses, through updating an existing Rockwood Vehicle Idling Policy No. 1830.
Some of the regulation adjustments contained in the policy include:
- Bus drivers should attempt to turn off buses as soon as possible at school locations.
- Bus drivers shouldn't restart their bus until it's time to depart parking lots, and they have a clear path to exit.
- School principals should establish procedures through which bus drivers' departing take precedent over visitors' leaving at the same time.
- Buses shouldn't idle while waiting for students on field trips, sporting events or extracurricular activities, except in extreme weather conditions.
- In cold weather, Rockwood will provide bus drivers a warm location at which to wait.
In their fall presentation, CCL students noted how many times they witnessed parents sitting in pick-up lines with their vehicles idling. They said they would keep reminding parents and neighbors to try to cut back on that contribution to pollution as well.


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Tuesday, 15 Feb 2011 11:54 AM
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Mushball Rules
1. Teams must be composed of at least 8 players. Half male and half female. There may be up to 10 or more players on the roster, but the 50/50 ration will be maintained.
a. If there are 9 players in the field, 5 must be female.
b. If there are more than 10 players on the roster, only 10 may play in the field. But, additional players beyond 10 may be included in the batting order. The batting order must be altenately male/female. If there are more men in the batting order than women, the women will continue batting alternately by starting over before all men have batted.
2. At least 8 players (50/50 gender ratio) must be available to start the game. If the number and ratio cannot be met the game will be a forfeit after 10 minutes from the scheduled start time.
1. A game consists of 7 innings or 50 minutes, which ever is reached first.
2. After 50 minutes has passed, if the 7 innings have not been completed, the game will continue until the end of the inning that is being played. The team that is ahead at that time will be the winner, even if 7 innings are not played.
3. If the game is tied after 7 innings that game will continue until a team is ahead at the end of an inning, but not beyond the 50 minute limitation. If the game is tied after 50 minutes and the final inning has been completed, play must continue, as there cannot be a tie in an elimination bracket.
1. Each batter will recieve two pitches. If ball is not put into play by the second pitch, batter will be considered out.
2. THERE IS NO BUNTING. Any attempt at a bunt will result in an automatic out.
3. 2 Homerun limit per game.
- A homerun is a batted ball that hits the field house walls above the head of the nearest fielder.
4. "One-Up Rule" - if both teams have reached their 2 Homerun limit, either team may hit an additional homerun; however, no team may go up more than one homerun on the other team.
1. Teams will pitch to themselves (they will provide the pitcher when they are batting).
2. The offensive pitcher will pitch from a kneeling position just outside of the batters box at home plate.
1. No leading off or stealing base.
2. No sliding into a base at any time.
3. When coming home the runner may not touch home plate. The runner only needs to run through a lline drawn behind and perpendicular to home plate to score. If the catcher catches the ball at home before the runner reaches the line, the runner is out. No tag is necessary. If the catcher attempts to tag the runner, the runner is automatically safe. (The objective of the above is to eliminate all possibility of collisions between runners and catchers.
4. At first base there will be an additional base, just to the outside of the sideline for the runner to run through and touch before the first baseman catches the ball.


text:
Submitted report
McALESTER —
Paul N. Johnson, 82, of Leflore, formerly of McAlester, died Sunday, Oct. 21, 2012, at the Veterans Center in Talihina.
Funeral services will be at 2 p.m. Tuesday at St. John's Catholic Church in McAlester, officiated by Father Leonard Higgins.
Funeral services are under the direction of Brumley Mills Funeral Home.
Born on Nov. 30, 1929, in Bristow, he was the son of Loddie N. and Edith (Alcorn) Johnson. He grew up in Bristow and Slick.
In March 1951, he joined the U.S. Air Force and served in the Fourteenth Air Force, 323rd Bomb Wing, until his honorable discharge on Aug. 24, 1952. He and Patsy Blankenship were married June 27, 1957, in Sapulpa.
He joined the police force in Bristow and later was a sheriff's deputy for Creek County. He graduated from the 17th Patrol School and became an Oklahoma State Highway Patrolman. He was first stationed in Crescent, then Guthrie, then in McAlester in 1969, where he stayed until his retirement as a Second Lieutenant in 1986, after 26 years as a state trooper.
In 1996, he was elected county commissioner for district 2 where he served until retiring in 2002. He was a cowboy and competed in rodeos all his life. He was a member of the Senior Steer Ropers Association. He enjoyed playing golf, fishing and always grew a large garden. He enjoyed his family. He also enjoyed spending time with his grandchildren and having family cookouts and holiday gatherings. He was a member of St. John's Catholic Church, in McAlester.
He is survived by his wife, Patsy Johnson, of the home; two sons and one daughter-in-law, Lesley and Renee Johnson, of Leflore, and Monty Johnson, of Grass Valley, Calif.; one daughter and son-in-law, Paula and Roy Ward, of Kiowa; seven grandchildren, Chloe Johnson, of Fort Collins, Colo., Cody Johnson, of Leflore, Misty Johnson, of Leflore, Johnny Paul Johnson, of Leflore, Dr. Roy Paul Ward, D.O., of Tulsa, Whitney Ward, of Midland, Texas, and Emily Rose Johnson, of Grass Valley, Calif.; great-grandchild, Lexie Johnson, of Whitesboro; sister-in-law, Wanda Bandiera, of Rockwall, Texas, and her family; several nieces, nephews, and other relatives.
He was preceded in death by his parents and two brothers, Jack and Charles Ray Johnson.
Pallbearers will be the Oklahoma Highway Patrol Honor Guard.
Honorary pallbearers will be J.R. Pope, Hugh Harden, Marvin Sasnett, Jim Ward, Gene Dalmont, Dr. Ewell Center, Brian Ryles, Wayne Pope, and the members of the Senior Steer Ropers Association.
The family requests memorial donations be made to the Paul Johnson Memorial at the Talihina Veterans Center, P.O. Box 1168, Talihina, OK 74571.


text:
For Sale: BLOWN 500 ALAN JOHNSON
Ad #182141158 Posted:2014-02-18 06:16:12
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