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Impact of nanotechnology
|Part of a series of articles on the
|Impact of nanotechnology
|Part of a series of articles on
|Impact and applications
|Molecular self-assembly
|Molecular nanotechnology
The impact of nanotechnology extends from its medical, ethical, mental, legal and environmental applications, to fields such as engineering, biology, chemistry, computing, materials science, and communications.
Major benefits of nanotechnology include improved manufacturing methods, water purification systems, energy systems, physical enhancement, nanomedicine, better food production methods, nutrition and large-scale infrastructure auto-fabrication.[vague] Nanotechnology's reduced size may allow for automation of tasks which were previously inaccessible due to physical restrictions, which in turn may reduce labor, land, or maintenance requirements placed on humans.
Potential risks include environmental, health, and safety issues; transitional effects such as displacement of traditional industries as the products of nanotechnology become dominant, which are of concern to privacy rights advocates. These may be particularly important if potential negative effects of nanoparticles are overlooked.
Whether nanotechnology merits special government regulation is a controversial issue. Regulatory bodies such as the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the Health & Consumer Protection Directorate of the European Commission have started dealing with the potential risks of nanoparticles. The organic food sector has been the first to act with the regulated exclusion of engineered nanoparticles from certified organic produce, firstly in Australia and the UK,[1] and more recently in Canada, as well as for all food certified to Demeter International standards[2]
- 1 Overview
- 2 Health and safety impact from nanoparticles
- 3 Societal impact
- 4 Impact of molecular nanotechnology
- 5 Studies on the impact of nanotechnology
- 6 See also
- 7 References
- 8 Further reading
- 9 External links
Potential risks[edit]
Potential risks of nanotechnology can broadly be grouped into four areas:
- Health issues - the effects of nanomaterials on human biology
- Environmental issues - the effects of nanomaterials on the environment
- Societal issues - the effects that the availability of nanotechnological devices will have on politics and human interaction
- Speculative issues - the specific risks associated with the speculative vision of molecular nanotechnology, such as "Grey goo"
Health and safety impact from nanoparticles[edit]
The presence of nanomaterials (materials that contain nanoparticles) is not in itself a threat. It is only certain aspects that can make them risky, in particular their mobility and their increased reactivity. Only if certain properties of certain nanoparticles were harmful to living beings or the environment would we be faced with a genuine hazard. In this case it can be called nanopollution.
In addressing the health and environmental impact of nanomaterials we need to differentiate between two types of nanostructures: (1) Nanocomposites, nanostructured surfaces and nanocomponents (electronic, optical, sensors etc.), where nanoscale particles are incorporated into a substance, material or device ("fixed" nano-particles); and (2) "free" nanoparticles, where at some stage in production or use individual nanoparticles of a substance are present. These free nanoparticles could be nanoscale species of elements, or simple compounds, but also complex compounds where for instance a nanoparticle of a particular element is coated with another substance ("coated" nanoparticle or "core-shell" nanoparticle).
There seems to be consensus that, although one should be aware of materials containing fixed nanoparticles, the immediate concern is with free nanoparticles.
Nanoparticles are very different from their everyday counterparts, so their adverse effects cannot be derived from the known toxicity of the macro-sized material. This poses significant issues for addressing the health and environmental impact of free nanoparticles.
To complicate things further, in talking about nanoparticles it is important that a powder or liquid containing nanoparticles almost never be monodisperse [1], but contain instead a range of particle sizes. This complicates the experimental analysis as larger nanoparticles might have different properties from smaller ones. Also, nanoparticles show a tendency to aggregate, and such aggregates often behave differently from individual nanoparticles.
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health has conducted initial research on how nanoparticles interact with the body's systems and how workers might be exposed to nano-sized particles in the manufacturing or industrial use of nanomaterials. NIOSH currently offers interim guidelines for working with nanomaterials consistent with the best scientific knowledge.[3] At The National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory of NIOSH, studies investigating the filter penetration of nanoparticles on NIOSH-certified and EU marked repirators, as well as non-certified dust masks have been conducted.[4] These studies found that the most penetrating particle size range was between 30 and 100 nanometers, and leak size was the largest factor in the number of nanoparticles found inside the respirators of the test dummies.[5][6]
In "The Consumer Product Safety Commission and Nanotechnology,"[7] E. Marla Felcher suggests that the Consumer Product Safety Commission, which is charged with protecting the public against unreasonable risks of injury or death associated with consumer products, is ill-equipped to oversee the safety of complex, high-tech products made using nanotechnology.
Longer-term concerns center on the impact that new technologies will have for society at large, and whether these could possibly lead to either a post-scarcity economy, or alternatively exacerbate the wealth gap between developed and developing nations. The effects of nanotechnology on the society as a whole, on human health and the environment, on trade, on security, on food systems and even on the definition of "human", have not been characterized or politicized.
Health issues[edit]
The health impact of nanotechnology are the possible effects that the use of nanotechnological materials and devices will have on human health. As nanotechnology is an emerging field, there is great debate regarding to what extent nanotechnology will benefit or pose risks for human health. Nanotechnology's health impact can be split into two aspects: the potential for nanotechnological innovations to have medical applications to cure disease, and the potential health hazards posed by exposure to nanomaterials.
Nanotoxicology is the field which studies potential health risks of nanomaterials. The extremely small size of nanomaterials means that they are much more readily taken up by the human body than larger sized particles. How these nanoparticles behave inside the organism is one of the significant issues that needs to be resolved. The behavior of nanoparticles is a function of their size, shape and surface reactivity with the surrounding tissue. Apart from what happens if non-degradable or slowly degradable nanoparticles accumulate in organs, another concern is their potential interaction with biological processes inside the body: because of their large surface, nanoparticles on exposure to tissue and fluids will immediately adsorb onto their surface some of the macromolecules they encounter. The large number of variables influencing toxicity means that it is difficult to generalise about health risks associated with exposure to nanomaterials – each new nanomaterial must be assessed individually and all material properties must be taken into account. Health and environmental issues combine in the workplace of companies engaged in producing or using nanomaterials and in the laboratories engaged in nanoscience and nanotechnology research. It is safe to say that current workplace exposure standards for dusts cannot be applied directly to nanoparticle dusts.
Nanomedicine is the medical application of nanotechnology.[8] The approaches to nanomedicine range from the medical use of nanomaterials, to nanoelectronic biosensors, and even possible future applications of molecular nanotechnology. Nanomedicine seeks to deliver a valuable set of research tools and clinically helpful devices in the near future.[9][10] The National Nanotechnology Initiative expects new commercial applications in the pharmaceutical industry that may include advanced drug delivery systems, new therapies, and in vivo imaging.[11] Neuro-electronic interfaces and other nanoelectronics-based sensors are another active goal of research. Further down the line, the speculative field of molecular nanotechnology believes that cell repair machines could revolutionize medicine and the medical field.
Environmental issues[edit]
Nanopollution is a generic name for all waste generated by nanodevices or during the nanomaterials manufacturing process. This kind of waste may be very dangerous because of its size. It can float in the air and might easily penetrate animal and plant cells causing unknown effects. Most human-made nanoparticles do not appear in nature, so living organisms may not have appropriate means to deal with nanowaste.
To properly assess the health hazards of engineered nanoparticles the whole life cycle of these particles needs to be evaluated, including their fabrication, storage and distribution, application and potential abuse, and disposal. The impact on humans or the environment may vary at different stages of the life cycle. Environmental assessment is justified as nanoparticles present novel environmental impacts. Scrinis raises concerns[12] about nano-pollution, and argues that it is not currently possible to "precisely predict or control the ecological impacts of the release of these nano-products into the environment."
On the other hand, some possible future applications of nanotechnology have the potential to benefit the environment. Nanofiltration, based on the use of membranes with extremely small pores smaller than 10 nm (perhaps composed of nanotubes) are suitable for a mechanical filtration for the removal of ions or the separation of different fluids. Furthermore, magnetic nanoparticles offer an effective and reliable method to remove heavy metal contaminants from waste water. Using nanoscale particles increases the efficiency to absorb the contaminants and is comparatively inexpensive compared to traditional precipitation and filtration methods.
Furthermore, nanotechnology could potentially have a great impact on clean energy production. Research is underway to use nanomaterials for purposes including more efficient solar cells, practical fuel cells, and environmentally friendly batteries.
Regulation issues[edit]
Significant debate exists relating to the question of whether nanotechnology or nanotechnology-based products merit special government regulation. This debate is related to the circumstances in which it is necessary and appropriate to assess new substances prior to their release into the market, community and environment.
Regulatory bodies such as the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the Food and Drug Administration in the U.S. or the Health & Consumer Protection Directorate of the European Commission have started dealing with the potential risks posed by nanoparticles. So far, neither engineered nanoparticles nor the products and materials that contain them are subject to any special regulation regarding production, handling or labelling. The Material Safety Data Sheet that must be issued for some materials often does not differentiate between bulk and nanoscale size of the material in question and even when it does these MSDS are advisory only.
Limited nanotechnology labeling and regulation may exacerbate potential human and environmental health and safety issues associated with nanotechnology.[13] It has been argued that the development of comprehensive regulation of nanotechnology will be vital to ensure that the potential risks associated with the research and commercial application of nanotechnology do not overshadow its potential benefits.[14] Regulation may also be required to meet community expectations about responsible development of nanotechnology, as well as ensuring that public interests are included in shaping the development of nanotechnology.[15]
Societal impact[edit]
Beyond the toxicity risks to human health and the environment which are associated with first-generation nanomaterials, nanotechnology has broader societal impact and poses broader social challenges. Social scientists have suggested that nanotechnology's social issues should be understood and assessed not simply as "downstream" risks or impacts. Rather, the challenges should be factored into "upstream" research and decision-making in order to ensure technology development that meets social objectives[16]
Many social scientists and organizations in civil society suggest that technology assessment and governance should also involve public participation[17][18][19][20]
The last few years has seen a gold rush to claim patents at the nanoscale. Over 800 nano-related patents were granted in 2003, and the numbers are increasing year to year. Corporations are already taking out broad-ranging patents on nanoscale discoveries and inventions. For example, two corporations, NEC and IBM, hold the basic patents on carbon nanotubes, one of the current cornerstones of nanotechnology. Carbon nanotubes have a wide range of uses, and look set to become crucial to several industries from electronics and computers, to strengthened materials to drug delivery and diagnostics. Carbon nanotubes are poised to become a major traded commodity with the potential to replace major conventional raw materials. However, as their use expands, anyone seeking to (legally) manufacture or sell carbon nanotubes, no matter what the application, must first buy a license from NEC or IBM. [2] [3]
Potential benefits and risks for developing countries[edit]
Nanotechnologies may provide new solutions for the millions of people in developing countries who lack access to basic services, such as safe water, reliable energy, health care, and education. The United Nations has set Millennium Development Goals for meeting these needs. The 2004 UN Task Force on Science, Technology and Innovation noted that some of the advantages of nanotechnology include production using little labor, land, or maintenance, high productivity, low cost, and modest requirements for materials and energy.
Potential opportunities of nanotechnologies to help address critical international development priorities include improved water purification systems, energy systems, medicine and pharmaceuticals, food production and nutrition, and information and communications technologies. Nanotechnologies are already incorporated in products that are on the market. Other nanotechnologies are still in the research phase, while others are concepts that are years or decades away from development.
Protection of the environment, human health and worker safety in developing countries often suffers from a combination of factors that can include but are not limited to lack of robust environmental, human health, and worker safety regulations; poorly or unenforced regulation which is linked to a lack of physical (e.g., equipment) and human capacity (i.e., properly trained regulatory staff). Often, these nations require assistance, particularly financial assistance, to develop the scientific and institutional capacity to adequately assess and manage risks, including the necessary infrastructure such as laboratories and technology for detection.
However, concerns are frequently raised that the claimed benefits of nanotechnology will not be evenly distributed, and that any benefits (including technical and/or economic) associated with nanotechnology will only reach affluent nations.[21] The majority of nanotechnology research and development - and patents for nanomaterials and products - is concentrated in developed countries (including the United States, Japan, Germany, Canada and France). In addition, most patents related to nanotechnology are concentrated amongst few multinational corporations, including IBM, Micron Technologies, Advanced Micro Devices and Intel.[22] This has led to fears that it will be unlikely that developing countries will have access to the infrastructure, funding and human resources required to support nanotechnology research and development, and that this is likely to exacerbate such inequalities.
Producers in developing countries could also be disadvantaged by the replacement of natural products (including rubber, cotton, coffee and tea) by developments in nanotechnology. These natural products are important export crops for developing countries, and many farmers' livelihoods depend on them. It has been argued that their substitution with industrial nano-products could negatively affect the economies of developing countries, that have traditionally relied on these export crops.[21]
Effects on laborers[edit]
Ray Kurzweil has speculated in The Singularity is Near that people who work in unskilled labor jobs for a livelihood may become the first human workers to be displaced by the constant use of nanotechnology in the workplace, noting that layoffs often affect the jobs based around the lowest technology level before attacking jobs with the highest technology level possible.[23] It has been noted that every major economic era has stimulated a global revolution both in the kinds of jobs that are available to people and the kind of training they need to achieve these jobs, and there is concern that the world's educational systems have lagged behind in preparing students for the "Nanotech Age".[24]
It has also been speculated that nanotechnology may give rise to nanofactories which may have superior capabilities to conventional factories due to their small carbon and physical footprint on the global and regional environment. The miniaturization and transformation of the multi-acre conventional factory into the nanofactory may not interfere with their ability to deliver a high quality product; the product may be of even greater quality due to the lack of human errors in the production stages. Nanofactory systems may use precise atomic precisioning and contribute to making superior quality products that the "bulk chemistry" method used in 20th century and early 21st currently cannot produce. These advances might shift the computerized workforce in an even more complex direction, requiring skills in genetics, nanotechnology, and robotics.[25][26]
Impact of molecular nanotechnology[edit]
Molecular nanotechnology is a speculative subfield of nanotechnology regarding the possibility of engineering molecular assemblers, machines which could re-order matter at a molecular or atomic scale. Regarding the risks from molecular manufacturing, an often cited worst-case scenario is "grey goo", a hypothetical substance into which the surface of the earth might be transformed by self-replicating nanobots running amok. This concept has been analyzed by Freitas in "Some Limits to Global Ecophagy by Biovorous Nanoreplicators, with Public Policy Recommendations" [4] With the advent of nano-biotech, a different scenario called green goo has been forwarded. Here, the malignant substance is not nanobots but rather self-replicating organisms engineered through nanotechnology.
According to the Center for Responsible Nanotechnology:
- Molecular manufacturing allows the cheap creation of incredibly powerful devices and products. How many of these products will we want? What environmental damage will they do? The range of possible damage is vast, from personal low-flying supersonic aircraft injuring large numbers of animals to collection of solar energy on a sufficiently large scale to modify the planet's albedo and directly affect the environment. Stronger materials will allow the creation of much larger machines, capable of excavating or otherwise destroying large areas of the planet at a greatly accelerated pace.
- It is too early to tell whether there will be economic incentive to do this. However, given the large number of activities and purposes that would damage the environment if taken to extremes, and the ease of taking them to extremes with molecular manufacturing, it seems likely that this problem is worth worrying about. Some forms of damage can result from an aggregate of individual actions, each almost harmless by itself. Such damage is quite hard to prevent by persuasion, and laws frequently don't work either; centralized restriction on the technology itself may be a necessary part of the solution.
- Finally, the extreme compactness of nanomanufactured machinery will tempt the use of very small products, which can easily turn into nano-litter that will be hard to clean up and may cause health problems.[27]
The site list numerous other risks and benefits.
Studies on the impact of nanotechnology[edit]
- The first major attempt to assess the societal impact of nanotechnology was a workshop held at the National Science Foundation, September 28–29, 2000. A second extensive follow-on workshop was held at NSF December 2–3, 2003. The reports of these meetings were co-edited by Mihail C. Roco and William Sims Bainbridge: Societal Implications of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Nanotechnology: Societal Implications - Maximizing Benefits for Humanity, and Nanotechnology: Societal Implications - Individual Perspectives.
- The Royal Society's nanotech report [5] was inspired by Prince Charles' concerns about nanotechnology, including molecular manufacturing. However, the report spent almost no time on molecular manufacturing. (See Center for Responsible Nanotechnology criticism of omission of molecular manufacturing.) In fact, the word "Drexler" appears only once in the body of the report (in passing), and "molecular manufacturing" or "molecular nanotechnology" not at all. The report covers various risks of nanoscale technologies, such as nanoparticle toxicology. It also provides a useful overview of several nanoscale fields. The report contains an annex (appendix) on grey goo, which cites a weaker variation of Richard Smalley's contested argument against molecular manufacturing. It concludes that there is no evidence that autonomous, self-replicating nanomachines will be developed in the foreseeable future, and suggests that regulators should be more concerned with issues of nanoparticle toxicology.
- In 2008, the city of Cambridge, MA in the United States considered whether to institute nanotechnology regulation similar to that in Berkeley, CA, the latter being the only city in the United States to currently regulate nanotechnology. The Cambridge Nanomaterials Advisory Committee's final report of July 2008 recommended against such regulations, recommending instead other steps to facilitate information-gathering about potential effects of nanomaterials.
- In July 2003 the United States Environmental Protection Agency [6] issued the first research solicitation in the area of nanotechnology impact, "Exploratory Research to Anticipate Future Environmental Issues - Part 2: Impacts of Manufactured Nanomaterials on Human Health and the Environment." [7] In September 2004 US EPA partnered with the National Science Foundation and the Centers for Disease Control to issue a second research solicitation, "Nanotechnology Research Grants Investigating Environmental and Human Health Effects of Manufactured Nanomaterials: A Joint Research Solicitation - EPA, NSF, NIOSH."
- In August 2005, a task force consisting of 50+ international experts from various fields was organized by the Center for Responsible Nanotechnology to study the societal impact of molecular nanotechnology [8].
- In October 2005, the National Science Foundation announced that it would fund two national centers to research the potential societal impact of nanotechnology. Located at the University of California, Santa Barbara [9] and Arizona State University [10], researchers at these two centers are exploring a wide range of issues including nanotechnology's historical context, technology assessment, innovation and globalization issues, and societal perceptions of risk.
- Determining a set of pathways for the development of molecular nanotechnology is now an objective of a broadly based technology roadmap project [11] led by Battelle (the manager of several U.S. National Laboratories) and the Foresight Institute. That roadmap should be completed by early 2007.
- In October 2006, the International Council on Nanotechnology (ICON) based at Rice University published a survey of nanomaterial handling practices being used by industrial and academic workplaces on four continents. The survey revealed that more information is needed to protect against the potential occupational risks associated with handling free nanoparticles. ICON also maintains the Virtual Journal of Nanotechnology Environment, Health & Safety (VJ-NanoEHS) which is a compilation of citations to peer-reviewed studies on risk issues.
- In 2007 Springer SBM started the journal NanoEthics Ethics for Technologies that Converge at the Nanoscale. This journal is a multidisciplinary forum for exploration of issues presented by converging technology applications. While the central focus of the journal is on the philosophically and scientifically rigorous examination of the ethical and societal considerations and the public and policy concerns inherent in nanotechnology research and development.
- Nanotechnologies Summary of the assessment on the safety of nanotechnologies by DG-SANCO's Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks
- Center for Nanotechnology in Society @ Arizona State University is a major NSF-funded research center focused on analyses of the societal impact of nanotechnology.
- American Elements' "information center" on the past, present, and future impacts of nanotechnology.
See also[edit]
- ^ Paull, John (2010) , Nanotechnology: No Free Lunch, Platter, 1(1) 8-17
- ^ Paull, John (2011) "Nanomaterials in food and agriculture: The big issue of small matter for organic food and farming", In: Neuhoff, Daniel; Halberg, Niels; Rasmussen, I.A.; Hermansen, J.E.; Ssekyewa, Charles and Sohn, Sang Mok (Eds.) Proceedings of the Third Scientific Conference of ISOFAR, ISOFAR, Bonn, 2, pp. 96-99.
- ^ "Current Intelligence Bulletin 63: Occupational Exposure to Titanium Dioxide". United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Retrieved 2012-02-19.
- ^ Zhuang Z, Viscusi D (December 7, 2011). "CDC - NIOSH Science Blog - Respiratory Protection for Workers Handling Engineering Nanoparticles". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Retrieved 2012-08-24.
- ^ Shaffer RE, Rengasamy S (2009). "Respiratory protection against airborne nanoparticles: a review". J Nanopart Res 11: 1661–1672. doi:10.1007/s11051-009-9649-3.
- ^ Rengasamy S, Eimer BC (2011). "Total inward leakage of nanoparticles through filtering facepiece respirators". Ann Occup Hyg 55: 253–263. doi:10.1093/annhyg/meq096.
- ^ Felcher, EM. (2008). The Consumer Product Safety Commission and Nanotechnology.
- ^ Nanomedicine, Volume I: Basic Capabilities, by Robert A. Freitas Jr. 1999, ISBN 1-57059-645-X
- ^ Wagner V, Dullaart A, Bock AK, Zweck A. (2006). "The emerging nanomedicine landscape". Nat Biotechnol. 24 (10): 1211–1217. doi:10.1038/nbt1006-1211. PMID 17033654.
- ^ Freitas RA Jr. (2005). "What is Nanomedicine?". Nanomedicine: Nanotech. Biol. Med. 1 (1): 2–9. doi:10.1016/j.nano.2004.11.003. PMID 17292052.
- ^ Nanotechnology in Medicine and the Biosciences, by Coombs RRH, Robinson DW. 1996, ISBN 2-88449-080-9
- ^ Gyorgy Scrinis (2007). "Nanotechnology and the Environment: The Nano-Atomic reconstruction of Nature". Chain Reaction 97: 23–26.
- ^ Bowman D, and Hodge G (2007). "A Small Matter of Regulation: An International Review of Nanotechnology Regulation". Columbia Science and Technology Law Review 8: 1–32.
- ^ Bowman D, and Fitzharris, M (2007). "Too Small for Concern? Public Health and Nanotechnology". Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 31 (4): 382–384. doi:10.1111/j.1753-6405.2007.00092.x. PMID 17725022.
- ^ Bowman D, and Hodge G (2006). "Nanotechnology: Mapping the Wild Regulatory Frontier". Futures 38 (9): 1060–1073. doi:10.1016/j.futures.2006.02.017.
- ^ Kearnes, Matthew; Grove-White, Robin; Macnaghten, Phil; Wilsdon, James; Wynne, Brian (2006). "From Bio to Nano: Learning Lessons from the UK Agricultural Biotechnology Controversy". Science as Culture. Science as Culture (Routledge, published December 2006) 15 (4): 291–307. doi:10.1080/09505430601022619. Retrieved 2007-10-19.
- ^ http://csec.lancs.ac.uk/docs/nano%20project%20sci%20com%20proofs%20nov05.pdf
- ^ . Nanotechnology Law & Business http://www.nanolabweb.com/index.cfm/action/main.default.viewArticle/articleID/135/CFID/60255/CFTOKEN/45212442/. Missing or empty
- ^ http://www.wmin.ac.uk/sshl/pdf/CSDBUlletinMohr.pdf
- ^ Demos | Publications | Governing at the Nanoscale
- ^ a b Invernizzi N, Foladori G and Maclurcan D (2008). "Nanotechnology's Controversial Role for the South". Science Technology and Society 13 (1): 123–148. doi:10.1177/097172180701300105.
- ^ Nanotech's "Second Nature" Patents: Implications for the Global South, Communiques No. 87 and 88, March/April and May June. ETC Group. 2005.
- ^ Kurzweil, Raymond (2005). The Singularity is Near. Penguin Books. ISBN 0-14-303788-9.
- ^ "Learning to Work in the Nanotech Age". PR Web. 2006-08-22. Retrieved 2009-10-10.
- ^ "Nanofactory information". Wise Geek. Retrieved 2009-10-09.
- ^ "Nanotechnology: Products of Molecular Engineering". Center for Responsible Nanotechnology. Retrieved 2009-11-04.
- ^ Nanotechnology: Dangers of Molecular Manufacturing
Further reading[edit]
- Fritz Allhoff, Patrick Lin, and Daniel Moore, What Is Nanotechnology and Why Does It Matter?: From Science to Ethics (Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010).[12]
- Fritz Allhoff and Patrick Lin (eds.), Nanotechnology & Society: Current and Emerging Ethical Issues (Dordrecht: Springer, 2008).[13]
- Fritz Allhoff, Patrick Lin, James Moor, and John Weckert (eds.), Nanoethics: The Ethical and Societal Implications of Nanotechnology (Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, 2007).[14] [15]
- Kaldis, Byron. "Epistemology of Nanotechnology". Sage Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Society. (Thousand Oaks: CA, Sage, 2010)http://www.academia.edu/929908/Epistemology_of_Nanoscience
- Approaches to Safe Nanotechnology: An Information Exchange with NIOSH, United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, June 2007, DHHS (NIOSH) publication no. 2007-123
- Mehta, Michael; Geoffrey Hunt (2006). Nanotechnology: Risk, Ethics and Law. London: Earthscan. - provides a global overview of the state of nanotechology and society in Europe, the USA, Japan and Canada, and examines the ethics, the environmental and public health risks, and the governance and regulation of this technology.
- Dónal P O'Mathúna, Nanoethics: Big Ethical Issues with Small Technology (London & New York: Continuum, 2009).[16]
External links[edit]
- U.S. National Nanotechnology Initiative, Societal Dimensions
- Nanotechnology Now
- USC's Nanoscience & Technology Studies
- NELSI Global
- ASU's Center on Nanotechnology and Society
- UCSB's Center on Nanotechnology and Society
- The Nanoethics Group
- Nanotechnology
- Foresight Nanotech Institute
- Center for Responsible Nanotechnology
- The Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology
- The International Council on Nanotechnology
- The NanoEthicsBank
- NanoEthics: Ethics for Technologies that Converge at the Nanoscale
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Nanotechnology topic page
- UnderstandingNano
- European Center for the Sustainable Impact of Nanotechnology


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Highlight in History
On Jan. 28, 1986, the space shuttle Challenger exploded 73 seconds after liftoff from Cape Canaveral, killing all seven crew members, including schoolteacher Christa McAuliffe.
On this date
In A.D. 814, Holy Roman Emperor Charlemagne died in Aachen in present-day Germany.
In 1547, England's King Henry VIII died; he was succeeded by his 9-year-old son, Edward VI.
In 1813, the novel "Pride and Prejudice" by Jane Austen was first published anonymously in London.
In 1853, Cuban revolutionary Jose Marti was born in Havana.
In 1915, the United States Coast Guard was created as President Woodrow Wilson signed a bill merging the Life-Saving Service and Revenue Cutter Service.
In 1939, Irish poet-dramatist William Butler Yeats died in Menton, France.
In 1945, during World War II, Allied supplies began reaching China over the newly reopened Burma Road.
In 1980, six United States diplomats who had avoided being taken hostage at their embassy in Tehran were flown out of Iran with the help of Canadian diplomats.
Ten years ago
British Prime Minister Tony Blair won a legal victory when a judge said the BBC was wrong to report the government had "sexed up" intelligence to justify war in Iraq. Former U.S. Navy commander Lloyd "Pete" Bucher, who'd helped his USS Pueblo crew survive brutal captivity in North Korea, then faced criticism back home, died in Poway, Calif., at age 76.
Five years ago
In a swift victory for President Barack Obama, the Democratic-controlled House approved, 244-188, a huge $819 billion stimulus bill with Republicans unanimous in opposition despite Obama's pleas for bipartisan support. Lynyrd Skynyrd keyboard player Billy Powell, who survived the 1977 plane crash that killed three band members, died in Orange Park, Fla., at age 56.
One year ago
Side by side, leading Democratic and Republican senators pledged to propel far-reaching immigration legislation through the Senate by summer, providing a possible path to citizenship for an estimated 11 million people in the U.S. illegally. (Although the Senate did pass such a measure, it has encountered opposition from House Republicans who insist on a more limited approach.)
Backed by French helicopters and paratroopers, Malian soldiers entered the fabled city of Timbuktu after al-Qaida-linked militants who'd ruled the outpost by fear for nearly 10 months fled into the desert.


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Filed this for the dead-tree edition, and before I start cranking out a Will Yeatman feature for tomorrow, just wanted to toss this up.
Obviously, there's other rankings out there, and this is a modestly revised version of my preseason ballot for Inside Lacrosse. But it is a quick take on the season to come (with a few games from last weekend already in the books):
1. Virginia (14-4 in 2008)
* Must replace Rubeor, but three of top four scorers return from a final four team
2. Syracuse (16-2)
* Defending national champions reassume perch near the top of the sport
3. Maryland (10-6)
* Offense may be Cottle's best in College Park, but rebuilt defense is the question
4. Johns Hopkins (11-6)
* Could be a remarkable team if goalie Gvozden reprises second-half stardom
5. Georgetown (9-4)
* After first postseason miss since 1996, Hoyas return as ECAC favorites
6. Duke (18-2)
* Danowski, Greer and other stalwarts are gone; it's a different time in Durham
7. North Carolina (8-6)
* New coach Breschi infuses hope into program with 18 straight losses to ACC foes
8. Cornell (11-4)
* Seibald, Glynn give Big Red one of the nation's elite midfield units
9. Notre Dame (14-3)
* Irish must replace goalie Kemp; a potent offense will keep them atop the GWLL
10. Navy (10-6)
* Mids are deep all over, but the real issue is whether they've improved a lackluster offense
* Retrievers bring back nine starters, but losing defenseman Atwell (ACL) hurts
12. Ohio State (11-6)
* Dalgarno will be Buckeyes' focal point after 40-goal season last spring
13. Albany (8-8)
* Best bet to unseat UMBC in America East, and a final four darkhorse as well
14. Princeton (7-6)
* Tough to believe Tigers have one final four appearance in the last six years
15. Brown (11-3)
* Bears might possess the nation's best goalie in Bullis product Jordan Burke
16. Denver (10-7)
* Up-tempo Pioneers will give fits to everyone with their pressure-oriented system
17. Loyola (7-7)
* Greyhounds could contend in GWLL; long pole P.T. Ricci might be the best in the country
18. Colgate (11-6)
* Returning starters Corp, Colleluori combined for 76 goals last spring
19. Hofstra (10-6)
* Pride looking to build off last season's CAA championship; a repeat is possible
20. Army (9-6)
* Plenty to replace, but Black Knights still talented enough to make a run at a Patriot title
21. Bucknell (10-5)
22. Massachusetts (5-8)
23. Delaware (9-7)
24. Harvard (6-8)
25. Rutgers (6-7)
26. Drexel (13-4)
27. Penn State (7-7)
28. Towson (5-9)
29. Stony Brook (7-7)
30. Penn (6-7)


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Ever wonder why food at the Chattanooga Convention Center tastes so good? It's actually no secret...we buy the freshest possible ingredients! Watch a short video that explains our "Fresh & Local" program.
The Chattanooga Convention Center combines incomparable service, modern amenities and a prime location that make meetings, conventions and events unforgettable. With 100,000 square feet of column-free exhibit space, 21 meeting rooms and 19,000 square feet of divisible on one level, the Convention Center can accommodate functions of any size. It is one of the nation's top 10 green convention centers and features in-house catering service headed by an award-winning chef. It was the first convention center in the country to incorporate a Farm to Table program.
Chattanooga is located within a day's drive of more than half the population of the United States, and visitors will love the walkability of downtown. A free, electric shuttle connects the Convention Center to more than 50 restaurants and 2,000 hotel rooms, and an additional 8,000 hotel rooms and 150 restaurants are within 15 miles.
Visitors to "Gig City" will appreciate Chattanooga's fiber optic network with internet speeds up to 1 gigabit per second - that's the fastest internet in the western hemisphere - and the free WiFi Internet provided by the Convention Center! Whether your attendees are learning, playing, working or dining, the Chattanooga Convention Center is the perfect location. We look forward to serving you.
We hope you enjoy your visit to our web site. Please feel free to contact us
directly if you would like more information about the Chattanooga Convention


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SEATTLE – President Barack Obama is in Seattle today on the second day of a West Coast campaign blitz to support Democrats, particularly Washington Sen. Patty Murray, who is in a tight race against Republican challenger Dino Rossi.
Obama engaged in a "backyard conversation" at a Seattle home in the Wedgwood / View Ridge neighborhood Thursday morning.
Obama staunchly defended his health care and stimulus initiatives but acknowledged he may not have taken enough time to explain the policies to the public.
"We had to move so fast, we were in such emergency mode, that it was very difficult for us to spend time a lot doing victory laps and advertising exactly what we were doing because we had to move onto the next thing," he said. "I take some responsibility for that."
Obama has vigorously stepped up his campaigning in efforts in recent days with fellow Democrats facing the specter of losing control of the House or Senate -- or both -- to Republicans on Nov. 2.
During the question-and-answer session at the backyard chat, Obama trumpeted his support for women-owned businesses.
As the economy has changed, Obama says women have made "enormous strides" and now constitute more than half of the workforce. Obama says that means women's issues are now middle class family issues. Obama said female business owners have particularly benefited from the administration's efforts to free up lending for small businesses.
Before Obama arrived at the backyard chat, he managed to squeeze in some time to stop for doughnuts. Obama and Murray dropped by Top Pot Doughnuts in downtown Seattle, where Obama ordered a sampler of two dozen doughnuts to go.
Obama shared a doughnut with Murray, declaring it "outstanding." He urged the other customers at the shop to vote in the upcoming midterm election before carrying the two boxes of doughnuts back to his motorcade.
After the backyard chat, Obama and Murray headed to a "Get Out the Vote" rally at the University of Washington. After the rally at the UW, Obama is expected to depart Seattle at Boeing Field at around 1:30 p.m. Thursday. Traffic is expected to be disrupted on Interstate 5 and on major streets during the visit.
Click here for the latest traffic conditions
Obama is in the midst of his longest campaign swing as president, a four-day trip through Oregon, Washington, California, Nevada and Minnesota.
He campaigned in Portland Wednesday for John Kitzhaber, Oregon's Democratic candidate for governor, before flying to Seattle's Boeing Field around 9:30 p.m.
He stayed at the Westin hotel in downtown Seattle, where many roads were blocked, more "no parking signs" were posted, and police presence was increased around the hotel.
Obama's visit had a lot of people talking in downtown Seattle Thursday morning - some were thrilled to see the president in town again, others not pleased at all.
"I think it is very important to the political process, and gets somebody engaged. It is all about engagement," said Eric Warn. "It is very important."
Another man, Gus Mansour, was carrying a sign that read "I Love my President" across the street from the Westin.
"We understand what he is doing for all Americans, and we need to support him in the next two years to get this country back on track," said Mansour.
John Bianchi wasn't as happy about the visit because he's so upset by government spending.
"What he's done to the country, are you kidding? The economy, what happens to our children, our grandchildren? Who is going to pay for this," asked Bianchi.
This is Obama's second visit since August to campaign for Murray, a three-term incumbent who is in a tight battle with Republican challenger Dino Rossi.
After Seattle, Obama will campaign in California and Nevada for senators Barbara Boxer and Harry Reid, respectively. Obama will also stump for gubernatorial candidates California and Minnesota ahead of the Nov. 2 elections.
KING 5's Natalie Swaby contributed to this report.


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You rarely see a major league baseball player remain with the same team throughout his career. But there are exceptions, with Chipper Jones being one.
Atlanta has been his only team during a 19-year career that will end at the conclusion of this season when he officially retires. He will leave quite a legacy in Atlanta. Through Sunday, he has a career batting average of .304, 467 home runs (He is the only switch hitter in major league history to hit over .300 with over 400 home runs) 546 doubles and 1,615 RBI. This season, he is hitting .313.
I cant see Derek Jeter with any other team than the Yankees where he started. The 38-year-old Jeter, who makes $16 million this season, will bring home $17 million next year. Minnesota catcher Joe Mauer has a $184 million deal through 2018, and he is probably a Twin for life. Another factor that would keep him there is he is from St. Paul.
I hoped that Albert Pujols would be a lifetime St. Louis Cardinal and the team would commission a statue for him like the one currently in place for Stan Musial. But the Los Angeles Angels offered a 10-year deal worth $240 million, which includes a no-trade clause and another 10-year personal services contract, and he left the Midwest for the West Coast.
Movement in baseball is constant. Take the Braves for example. There are just five players on this years squad who were with the team in 2006: Chipper, Brian McCann, Tim Hudson, Martin Prado and Matt Diaz. Diaz went on the disabled list July 21 with a thumb injury that will probably sideline him for the rest of the season. During that six-year period, Atlanta has had 85 pitchers to see action along with 35 outfielders, 33 infielders and eight catchers.
You could field a team from all those players and I doubt they would be a contender, more so because of pitching than any other factor. The Braves seldom let a good pitcher get away.
How about this starting lineup of these ex-Braves? Catcher Jarrod Saltalamacchia of the Boston Red Sox, with a salary of $2.5 million. At one time he was considered Atlantas next superstar but fortunately the Braves saw a brighter future for Brian McCann, who will most likely be a lifetime Braves player.
At first base, Mark Teixeira, currently with the Yankees in the fourth year of an eight-year deal that pays him $22.5 million a season. At second base, we have Kelly Johnson, who now plays in Toronto. The Blue Jays are paying him $6.37 million this season.
Rafael Furcal, who got his start as a member of the Macon Braves, is the choice at short. He is in his second season with the Cardinals at a salary of $6 million this season. At third base would be Yunel Escobar of the Blue Jays, who has a two-year deal worth $10 million.
The outfield consists of Melky Cabrera in left, Andrew Jones in center and Jeff Francoeur in right. Cabrera (currently suspended for testing positive for testosterone) is making $6 million with the San Francisco Giants this season, Jones is at $2 million with the Yankees after having a $14.7 million deal with the Dodgers in 2008, and Francoeur, now in Kansas City, has a two-year contract worth $13.5 million.
The real challenge is finding a starting pitcher from the former Braves who are still in the game. The best of the lot appears to be Derek Lowe, who gets $15 million ($10 million paid by the Braves) with the Yankees. The top reliever is Rafael Soriano, also with New York, who has two years remaining on his three-year, $35 million contract he signed following the 2010 season. He gets $11 million this year and $14 million in 2013. Using Lowe as the starting pitcher, that lineup makes almost $70 million combined.
Of all the players who have come and gone in Atlanta, the only one I would like to have back is Teixeira.
Contact Bobby Pope at email@example.com


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London Irish signed Australian International James O'Connor on a deal until the end of the season.
The 23-year-old has played 44 Tests for Australia and made his Aviva Premiership debut againstNorthampton Saints at Madejski Stadium.
The versatile back became the second youngest player in Australian rugby history when he made his Test debut against Italy in 2008. He made his first start against the Barbarians at Wembley later that year.
James started his Super Rugby career with the Perth based Western Force in 2008 making 38 appearances and scoring 306 points, before signing for Melbourne Rebels. He has spent the last two seasons in the Victorian capital scoring 175 points in 21 appearances.
In June of this year James played in the three Test matches against the British and Irish Lions, scoring a try in the third Test in Sydney. His last appearance for the Green and Gold was in the Rugby Championship victory over Argentina in September. He was also part of the Australia squad that finished third in the 2011 IRB World Cup in New Zealand.
Click the squad picture and the action pictures on the left to zoom them.


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Glimepiride / pioglitazone Side Effects
Not all side effects for glimepiride / pioglitazone may be reported. You should always consult a doctor or healthcare professional for medical advice. Side effects can be reported to the FDA here.
For the Consumer
Applies to glimepiride / pioglitazone: oral tablet
Along with its needed effects, glimepiride / pioglitazone may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur while taking glimepiride / pioglitazone:More common
- Anxiety
- bladder pain
- bloody or cloudy urine
- blurred vision
- chills
- cold sweats
- coma
- confusion
- cool, pale skin
- depression
- difficult, burning, or painful urination
- fast heartbeat
- frequent urge to urinate
- headache
- increased hunger
- increased weight
- lower back or side pain
- nausea
- nightmares
- seizures
- shakiness
- slurred speech
- swelling of the feet or lower legs
- unusual tiredness or weakness
- Accidental injury
- loss of appetite
- pain or swelling in the arms or legs without any injury
- pale skin
- stomach pain
- troubled breathing with exertion
- unusual bleeding or bruising
- vomiting
- weight loss
- yellow eyes or skin
Some side effects of glimepiride / pioglitazone may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:More common
- Body aches or pain
- cough
- diarrhea
- difficulty with moving
- dryness or soreness of the throat
- ear congestion
- fever
- hoarseness
- joint pain
- loss of voice
- muscle aching or cramping
- muscle pains or stiffness
- runny nose
- sneezing
- stuffy nose
- swollen joints
- tender, swollen glands in the neck
- tooth disorder
- trouble swallowing
- voice changes
- Dizziness
- itching skin
- lack or loss of strength
- skin rash
For Healthcare Professionals
Applies to glimepiride / pioglitazone: oral tablet
Cardiovascular side effects have included edema, lower limb edema, and peripheral edema.
Hepatic side effects have included cholestasis, jaundice, and hepatitis which has lead to liver failure.
Endocrine side effects have included hypoglycemia and aggravation of diabetes mellitus.
Metabolic side effects have included hepatic porphyria reactions and disulfiram-like reactions. Hyponatremia, increased release of antidiuretic hormone, and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secretion have been reported.
Respiratory side effects have included upper respiratory tract infection and pharyngitis.
Hematologic side effects have included leukopenia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, aplastic anemia, and pancytopenia.
Gastrointestinal side effecys have included vomiting, gastrointestional pain, diarrhea, and nausea.
Nervous system
Nervous system side effects have included headache, dizziness, and limb pain.
Musculoskeletal side effects have included myalgia and asthenia.
Dermatologic side effects have included allergic skin reactions, pruritus, erythema, urticaria, morbilliform and maculopapular eruptions. Porphyria cutanea tarda, photosensitivity reactions, and allergic vasculitis have been reported.
Genitourinary side effects have included urinary tract infection.
General side effects have included weight gain, tooth disorder, and accidental injury.
Ocular side effects have included changes in accommodation and blurred vision.
Macular edema has been reported in postmarketing experience in diabetic patients who were taking pioglitazone or another thiazolidinedione. Some patients presented with blurred vision or decreased visual acuity, but some patients appear to have been diagnosed on routine ophthalmologic examination. Some patients had peripheral edema at the time macular edema was diagnosed. Some patients had improvement in their macular edema after discontinuation of their thiazolidinedione. It is unknown whether or not there is a causal relationship between pioglitazone and macular edema. Patients with diabetes should have regular eye exams by an ophthalmologist, per the Standards of Care of the American Diabetes Association. Additionally, any diabetic who reports any kind of visual symptom should be promptly referred to an ophthalmologist, regardless of the patient's underlying medications or other physical findings.
More about glimepiride/pioglitazone
Consumer resources
- Glimepiride/pioglitazone
- Pioglitazone/glimepiride
- Glimepiride and pioglitazone
- Pioglitazone and glimepiride (Advanced Reading)
- Other brands: Duetact
Professional resources
Related treatment guides
Disclaimer: Every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided is accurate, up-to-date and complete, but no guarantee is made to that effect. In addition, the drug information contained herein may be time sensitive and should not be utilized as a reference resource beyond the date hereof. This material does not endorse drugs, diagnose patients, or recommend therapy. This information is a reference resource designed as supplement to, and not a substitute for, the expertise, skill , knowledge, and judgement of healthcare practitioners in patient care. The absence of a warning for a given drug or combination thereof in no way should be construed to indicate safety, effectiveness, or appropriateness for any given patient. Drugs.com does not assume any responsibility for any aspect of healthcare administered with the aid of materials provided. The information contained herein is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. If you have questions about the substances you are taking, check with your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist.


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A puppy in Australia is feeling a lot better after a little "hair of the dog," all it took was a couple of shots of vodka!
The nine-week-old puppy was near death after licking anti-freeze, so veterinarians gave her a drip of vodka to mop up the toxins.
The dog consumed about a third of a bottle and it worked! The puppy is healthy again – and hangover free.


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Fear The Fin adds a new writer, Jon Allred, who will be covering the Worcester Sharks of the American Hockey League during their 2011-2012 season.
Cory Quirk's milkshake brings all the boys to the yard. Or Braun, Irwin, and Marcou, at least. Pretty sure it's Braun who asks for him to add a shot of tequila. More from them (and Finz) at 5 and Diner: Irwin talks about the experience: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0bzDLEMEzpg They sing a girl Happy Birthday: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6c4MLauvIlc
Logan Couture was injured last night in an OT loss to the Lowell Devils. According to head coach Roy Sommer, "It doesn't look good. It's gonna be a while."
Stockton: Add Jason Demers, D assigned by Worcester (AHL) It's all part of the Cap Shuffle Truffle a la Bobby Ryan and Brett Festerling to Bako: Story, "We drove three hours to Bakersfield, grabbed dinner, went to bed, got up at 5 in the morning and drove back to Anaheim for practice," Ryan said. Interesting, none the less.
Providence @ Worcester, Game 6
Providence at Worcester, Game 4.
Worcester vs. Providence Game 2
While one set of Sharks have their backs against the wall tonight in an elimination game, another set looks to finish the Hartford Wolf Pack (New York Rangers affiliate) tonight in Game 6 of their...
Claude Lemieux looks like the lovechild of Uncle Fester and Emperor Palpatine.
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|UCB Physics in the News
|Department Events
|Colloquia & Seminars
|Honors & Awards
|In Remembrance
|Physics in the News
|Miller Institute Announces The 2010 Miller Senior Fellow
|Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science
|Extended Text:
The Miller Institute is pleased to name Physics Professor Saul Perlmutter the 2010 Miller Senior Fellow for a five-year term beginning July 1, 2010. Professors Perlmutter uses astrophysical measurements to probe the make-up and evolution of our Universe. This is demonstrated through his work on supernovae, which has led to the discovery of a form of energy called dark energy. It is now believed that over 75% of the universe is made of dark energy; a finding that has revolutionized our scientific understanding of the universe. Dark energy is widely acknowledged to be one of the most important recent discoveries in basic science and has profound implications for astronomy, theoretical high-energy physics, general relativity and string theory. With such pioneering work, Professor Perlmutter has earned many notable awards including the Lawrence Award in Physics from the Department of Energy, the California Scientist of the Year Award in 2003, the John Scott Award, the Padua Prize, the Shaw Prize, the Antonio Feltrinelli International Prize, and the Gruber Cosmology Prize. He was elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences as well as the National Academy of Sciences. He received his PhD from UC Berkeley in 1986 working under Richard Muller (Miller Professor 1990).
As the third Miller Senior Fellow named, Perlmutter will join Randy Schekman, Professor of Molecular and Cell Biology, and Gabor Somorjai, Professor of Chemistry, as part of our community of world-renown scientists. Taking its place alongside the Institutes other programs: the Miller Fellowships, the Miller Research Professorships and the Miller Visiting Professorships, the Miller Senior Fellow Program was established in 2008. Its purpose is to support excellence in basic science at UC Berkeley by providing distinguished faculty on campus with significant discretionary research funds and by involving them in the activities and intellectual fellowship of the Miller Institute. The Miller Senior Fellow Program enhances the Institutes mission by fostering interactions between distinguished senior scientists in different disciplines and our postdoctoral fellows.
|Quick Links


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Topic Page
Nation Topics - World
Arab Awakening Foreign Policy War and Peace World Leaders Global Organizations Regions and Countries
News and Features
At the current rate of progress, it will take nearly 500 years for women to reach fair representation in government.
The international community should be pushing for compromise to prevent this fragile and bitterly divided country from breaking apart.
Despite the uproar over reductions to defense funding, less than 1 percent of the Pentagon's beefy $550 billion budget will be cut this year.
The National Front leader has cleverly rebranded her father's party, cloaking its far-right agenda with liberal rhetoric.
German corporations are far more respectful of worker rights—and may have more influence on future US developments than our politicians realize.
Conservative hysteria over Putin's aggression in 2014 is eerily reminiscent of right-wing reaction to a previous Crimean adventure, at the dawn of the Cold War.
Last summer's protest movement has faded, but now, after eleven years in power, Prime Minister Erdogan faces unprecedented corruption allegations.
Rising oil and gas production close to home is enabling a more aggressive stance toward rivals abroad.
Today's protests are a callejón sin salida, a dead end.
Nation Media
Also From The Nation
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Next week, I will get up in the dark of night, hopefully with atleast a few hours of sleep, and start the process of "pinking" myself out for the start line of the Susan G. Komen Seattle 3-Day. This 60 mile walk takes place over three days around the neighborhoods of Seattle and the Eastside, starting
Friday, Sept. 14th at CenturyLink Field. This will be my sixth Komen 3-Day and over the years I have accumulated more pink in my wardrobe than the average person. A section of my closet looks something like a costume store or a changing room for a Drag Show, with pink wigs, tutu's, glitter, feather boas and sequins all over it. This is how we do it – you can NEVER have too much pink on this event!
With that said, pink is just a color -the real message is our fight against Breast Cancer. If the pink and the crazy outfits draw attention to the main topic, then so be it. Around 1500 walkers and hundreds of crew and volunteers come together each year to make this event possible, raising millions of dollars (just in the Seattle area) to help find a cure for breast cancer and to fund vital research for new drugs and technology to detect breast cancer at the earliest stages. Funds also help support education, community outreach and screening for the uninsured in our area and nationwide. After my initial breast cancer diagnosis just over four years ago at the age of 33, I was fortunate to receive advanced screening and new drugs that had just been approved, due to grants and funding by Susan G. Komen for the Cure. I can honestly say that the money raised through events such as the Susan G. Komen 3-Day, have saved my life.
Walking 60 miles may seem a bit extreme, but ask any 3-Day Walker and they would say they wouldn't have it any other way. These women and men are taking a bold stand against a mortal enemy who has affected too many people and taken far too many of our loved ones and friends. We stand together in our mission, and pray for the day that we have "A WORLD WITHOUT BREAST CANCER".
If you would like to support the Komen Seattle 3-Day walkers on the route and cheer them on at a cheering station – please check out the 3-Day website at http://www.the3day.org/site/PageServer?pagename=learn_other_spect_se_information for more details.
Tracy Dart


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The Georgetown County Sheriff's Office is asking for the public's assistance in identifying two suspects wanted in connection with credit card fraud.
Lt. Daniel Poindexter, 31, of Andrews always wanted to be a fireman. Growing up in Boonville, N.C., he says he thought it was pretty cool as a kid to see firemen fighting fires.
Rentals in the Murrells Inlet and Garden City areas are up about 6 percent compared to the same time last year.
A Georgetown man convicted on heroin charges will not be eligible for parole until the year 2035 at the earliest.
Georgetown County Sheriffs Investigators are asking for the publics assistance in locating a stolen Harley Davidson motorcycle.
Flagging operations will take place Wednesday, July 23, (weather permitting) on Highway 707 near Big Block Road, from the Post Office to Foster Avenue, for asphalt work. The flagging operations will...
Meet Suri. She is a beautiful white flame point six week old kitten that was left in a box in the front of the shelter.
Missing 14-year-old Charlotte Ann Wills has been located safe and unharmed on Garden City Beach thanks to a concerned citizen who learned about her through social media, according to the Georgetown...
An intersection at the new Lowes Foods in Pawleys Island the site of three car wrecks in the last two months will soon get a traffic light.
The Childrens Trust of South Carolina will be having a benefit gala and auction on Sat., Aug. 23 from 5 ot 11 p.m. at the Columbia Marriott.
The 15th Circuit Drug Enforcement Unit, made up of 35 officers from area law enforcement agencies, conducted an operation Wednesday morning that resulted in several arrests.
Tucked away behind a grove of trees on the west side of Highway 17 in the Litchfield community of Pawleys Island, the normally quiet, calm apartment complex was unusually abuzz with speculation and...
After months of evaluating applicants in the wake of the unexpected closure of its former ambulance company, the Georgetown Hospital System (GHS) has selected ParaBasic Ambulance Service as its new...
The city of Georgetown is a Southern star.
Hairspray, is a musical about Tracy Turnblad, a 1960s teenager, played by Josie Thames, who has dreams of dancing on the Corny Collins Show. Corny is played by Kevin Jayroe.
Beavers have become an expensive problem in Georgetown County.
The numbers may have not been huge for the first conditioning practice of the Andrews Recreation Department fall football league, but that did not affect the intensity of the workout on July 16.
Mother Nature just wont give Georgetown American Legion baseball a break.
Andrews High School soccer players may not have a game until March, but the boys and girls teams have been between the posts this summer, preparing to be at the top of their game when their season...
Thanks to the participation of 82 players in its first annual 9 Hole Captains Choice Golf Tournament to benefit the Georgetown County Veterans Memorial Wall, Assembly 3272 of the Knights of Columbus...
We find it disheartening to read the comments some news stories elicit on Facebook. Most recently, but by no means the first time, the comments beneath the breaking news about an officer-involved...
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Eddie Steeples
• Screamfest LA 2012 - Best Of The Fest 'Wrap Up'
• A Twister Hits Camden County Tonight On 'My Name Is Earl'
• 'My Name Is Earl' Season Three Arrives On DVD Sept. 30; Win A Copy!
• 'My Name Is Earl' To Air On TBS Starting March 3
Birth Name: Eddie Steeples
Born: 11/25/1973
Birth Place: Texas, USA
Born: 11/25/1973
Birth Place: Texas, USA
Born Nov. 25, 1973, Steeples was born and raised in Spring, TX, the oldest of eight children. His mother was an evangelist and his stepfather a preacher. By the age of four, he knew that he wanted to be an actor. He spoke of it so often, that his mother was prepared for the blow when, at the age of 18, he confirmed his plans. After graduating from Klein Oak High School in 1992, Steeples moved to Santa Cruz, CA, where he took acting classes at a community college and sought fame and a starring role opposite Tom Cruise. When the Cruise co-starring role didn't happen, Steeples moved eastward to NYC, before making a stop at the St. Louis Black Repertory Theatre and another pit stop at Howard Un... Continue Bio >>
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July 31, 2014
UK says this year's men's basketball team is No. 2 in the newly released ESPN/USA Today Coaches preseason Top 25. UK Athletics say this marks the third straight season in the John Calipari Era that Kentucky ranks in the top 10 in the coaches' preseason poll. The Cats checked in at 10th last season and fifth in Calipari's inaugural year.
In a news release from the athletics department, UK says this is the highest preseason ranking in the coach's poll for the Cats since the 1995-96 team was tabbed No. 1 entering the season.
You'll get to see the Wildcats in this year's Blue-White scrimmage on Wednesday, October 26, at Rupp Arena. UK says tickets for the scrimmage are still available for $10. All seating is reserved and no general admission eRUPPtion Zone tickets will be available. Tickets can be purchased by calling the Rupp Arena Box Office at 859-233-3535.


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Secret Stache Media
Jr. WordPress Developer
Secret Stache Media is looking for a Jr. WordPress programmer with experience developing in a LAMP environment. The candidate will work closely with the Creative Director to learn how to build child themes with the Genesis Theme Framework. We are looking for either a recent graduate or student in their Junior/ Senior year. This is a 3 month paid internship to hire opportunity. We are looking to mold the right candidate, so you DO NOT need tons of experience in the real world...For us, your overall atitude and ability to continually learn is most important.
- Work in Denver, Boulder or with us in Edwards, CO. If we like you enough, will get you a permanent desk in a co-working space if you choose not to work in Edwards.
- We will pay you above the industry average, and we will pay you to learn our business for the first 1-2 months. This trial period will be a paid internship (1099) but if we mutually agree of the fit, we'll get you on payroll immediately (no shady contract deals here).
- If you are willing to work with us in Edwards (Vail Valley), we'll buy your Epic Pass.
Projects will include:
- Building WordPress Child themes using the Genesis Theme Framework
- Building WordPress themes and plugins to release to the Open Source Community.
- In-house Projects that push WordPress to its limits.
1. Must be comfortable working with PHP.
2. Experience building and customizing WordPress Themes.
3. Basic understanding of Version Control using GIT.
4. Basic understanding of building "child themes" (knowledge of the Genesis Framework is a bonus, but this can be taught to the right candidate).
5. Confident knowledge of HTML / CSS / jQuery (raw javascript is a bonus)
6. Must be able to meet deadlines.
The ideal candidate will have:
1. built WordPress themes and plugins in the past.
2. the ability to take an idea from concept to product without micro-management.
3. you get tingly with HTML 5 / CSS3 / SASS
4. a soft spot in their heart for Open Source Software and it's community.
Please email resume and firstname.lastname@example.com including "WordPress / Genesis Job" in the subject line.


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1963 Lincoln Continental Convertible One Family Since New, Nut-and-Bolt Restoration, Low Mileage Few cars rival the clean American styling of the early 1960s Lincoln Continentals. Sometimes... More
To be sold at the Harrisburg 2014 auction, Harrisburg, PA, July 24-27, 2014. To consign a car or to register to bid, visit the... More
1964 Lincoln Continental Convertible SedanTo be OFFERED AT AUCTION at RM's Motor City event, July 26, 2014. Click here to view this listing... More
- Power steering- Power brakes- Power windows- Power seat- AM/FM radio- Fully operational convertible top- V-8 engine- Automatic transmissionTo be sold at the... More
1964 Lincoln Continental with Arctic White exterior paint and a black convertible top. The interior is black leather. The engine is a 430ci/V8 and... More


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Tanner Galvin's NOYS TOISE from Craig Mederios on Vimeo.
Take a look at Tanner Galvin's Noys Toise circuit bent musical instruments. Very pretty and the documentary above shows a guy into what he's doing.
"Tanner Galvin's Noys Toise is a short documentary about Tanner Galvin, a Portland artist who creates custom musical instruments out of old electronic toys and instruments in a process known as circuit bending." – Laughing Squid
For more info: noystoise.com
This entry was written by circuit bending and tagged circuit bending, Noys Toise, Tanner Galvin. Leave a comment or view the discussion at the permalink and follow any comments with the RSS feed for this post.


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Fred Allen Jennings
- Last Updated on 10:44 AM 04/03/12
Mr. Fred Allen Jennings, age 68 of Nathalie, departed this life on March 29, 2012 in Lynchburg.
He was the son of the late Mr. Semmie Jennings and Mrs. Lessie Maude Davis Jennings. He is survived by three sisters, Mrs. Catherine Davis, Mrs. Dorothy Barksdale (George), and Mrs. Clara Barksdale (Roosevelt); one brother, William Jennings; one great aunt, Mrs. Louse Crews, all of Nathalie; and a host of nieces, nephews, other relatives and friends.
Funeral services will be held Tuesday, April 3, 2012, at 1 p.m. at the chapel of Jeffress Funeral Home and Cremation Service in Brookneal with interment in the Christian Tabernacle Baptist Church Cemetery in Nathalie.
Condolences may be expressed at www.JeffressFuneralHome.com.


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TOMBALL, Texas — At least a dozen people in the Inverness Estates neighborhood woke up last week to find their cars burglarized.
"There was shattered glass everywhere," said Matt Mauz. "I opened the door, the center console was pulled up, the middle seat was pulled up and the glove box was open."
The crook passed up expensive electronics and a radar gun, opting instead to search for paper work.
Several neighbors had their auto insurance cards stolen and other documents that could allow a criminal to steal their identity.
Police said personal information can be just as valuable to a thief as expensive electronics.
Another victim had security cameras on his house and captured video of the burglar in action; it appears the man walked up, cut the glass window out of the victim's truck and then rummaged through his glove box.
The next morning, the victim found his auto insurance card and a gift card gone.
"I won't ever leave anything in the car again," he said. Police said that's a good idea; they recommend car owners keep bills and other documents out of the car and place auto insurance cards in their purses or wallets.
Despite damage to his car, Mauz had nothing in his vehicle for the crook to take.
"I don't keep paper work in my vehicle," he said. "My auto insurance card is on my cell phone and I recommend everybody else do the same thing. Why leave anything with your name or address on there?"


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Gender: Male
Years in Practice: 32 Years
Languages Spoken: English, Spanish
Medical School: Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine
Graduation Date: 1982
Hospital Affiliations: University Of North Carolina Hospital
Specialties: Infectious Disease
©2005-2014 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.
WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional information.


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Reebok Pump Omni Mens Trainers
Sporting titan Reebok presents a revatilised edition of the classic Pump. Packed with revamped features from the original 80s sneaker, the Pump Omni fuses retro charm with contemporary design.
Boasting a serious sportswear heritage, these hi top trainers feature an innovation pump to the tongue that channels air-flow to give you extra lift. The pronounced tongue serves to enhance the silhouette, whilst the padded ankle collar delivers total comfort.
Secured by a sturdy lace fastening, they feature mesh panelling to the side and perf detail to the forefoot offering improved breathability. These dedicated athletic functions are perfectly matched by the tri-colour style, with blue overlays and red outsole embellishments providing visual focal points. Signature branding is included with embroidered lettering to the tongue, side and heel, and it's finished with vintage speckle detail to the heel.
Popularised by Dee Brown when he performed the 'no-look' dunk, these kicks are steeped in history. Rock them with sweat shorts and a b-ball vest to dominate the courts.
Useful info:
- Mens trainers by Reebok
- Pump Omni
- Innovation pump to the tongue
- Pronounced tongue
- Mesh panelling
- Contrast overlays
- Perf detail to forefoot
- Speckled heel
- Branding to side and rear
- Cushioned collar and tongue
Reebok GL 6000 Red Mens Trainers
Combining retro style with suave contemporary touches, the GL 6000 trainers by Reebok deliver a splash of athletic quality to your workout wear.
Designed with red suede overlays and white, breathable mesh panelling, they're treated to a cushioned tongue, padded ankle collar and an outsole with extra bounce for total comfort. The classic red and white colourway is finessed with touches of cream and navy, whilst branding to the tongue, side and heel provide an athletic branded finish.
Team these unique Reebok trainers with shorts and a training top and hit the treadmill in style.
Useful info:
- Mens trainers by Reebok
- Suede overlays
- Breathable mesh panelling
- Cushioned outsole
- Branding to tongue, side and heel
- GB flag to side
Reebok GL 6000 Mens Trainers
In a retro style with a contemporary twist, the GL 6000 trainers by Reebok deliver a slab of Britishness to your casual getup.
Engineered with suede overlays and breathable mesh panelling, you're treated to a cushioned tongue, padded ankle collar and a springy outsole for total comfort. The navy, blue and white colourway is finessed with flashes of red, whilst the small Union Jack to the side offers a patriotic touch. Finished with classic Reebok branding to the side, tongue and heel, you know you're in good hands with the GL 6000 trainers.
Team these GB inspired Reebok trainers with shorts and a training top and hit the gym in true British style.
Useful info:
- Mens trainers by Reebok
- Suede overlays
- Breathable mesh panelling
- Cushioned outsole
- Branding to tongue, side and heel
- GB flag to side
Reebok Classic Leather Mens Trainers
Classic by name, classic by reputation, these iconic Reebok trainers are back in all their glory with this iconic leather edition. In true Reebok fashion they deliver suave sporting style in a crisp white colourway.
Constructed with a leather upper, flat sport laces and a padded tongue, they offer unrivalled comfort and protection. Perforations to the forefoot provide ventilation throughout the day, whilst the cushioned ankle collar and thick outsole ensure a secure fit. Finished with a black accent to the outsole and branded detailing to the tongue, side and heel, they present a definitive street style.
Team these urban essentials with jeans and a printed tee to stay cool, casual and above the trends this season.
Useful info:
- Mens trainers by Reebok
- Classic
- Leather upper
- Perforated forefoot
- Flat laces
- Padded tongue
- Cushioned ankle collar
- Branding to tongue, side and heel
- Black accent to outsole
Reebok Classic Leather Textile Pop SC Trainers
- Low stock, selling fast
13 reviews
- Delivery
Reebok's most incoic model in full leather uppers and treated side stripe.
Please note: The branding on the tongue is different from illustration.Colour: White/Black. Upper: Leather. Sock and Lining: Textile. Sole: Other.
Reebok Workout Plus Mens Trainers
A sporting classic, the Workout Plus trainers by Reebok fuse athletic functionality with minimal style for a winning combination.
In a crisp, white colourway they're secured by a flat-lace fastening and cushioned with padding to the tongue and collar. Perfect for sports and lifestyle wear, these iconic trainers feature a perforated forefoot and leather overlays for a tough yet breathable fit, whilst the signature branding to the tongue and side provides a dash of colour.
Team these Reebok trainers with stonewash jeans and a printed tee for a fresh, laidback vibe with a hint of vintage cool.
Useful info:
- Mens trainers by Reebok
- Workout Plus
- Lace fastening
- Perforated forefoot
- Padded tongue
- Cushioned ankle collar
- Leather overlays
- Branded tab to tongue and side
Reebok ERS 1500 Neon Flash Mens Trainers
Reebok offers a trendsetting trainer that emphatically fuses contemporary sports tech with classic 80's street style.
In a low-cut shape, the Reebok ERS 1500 trainers make a bold statement. Constructed with a premium suede upper and contrast panel detailing, they deliver colourblocking style to your look. Cushioning to the collar and tongue ensure a comfortable ride, whilst the Energy Return System to the sole offers highly supportive performance for running and daily wear.
Signature branding is included with their classic vector to the side panel and lettering to the side, back and tongue. The contrast outsole is embellished with an orange dot pattern delivering a uniquely athletic aesthetic.
Useful info:
- Mens trainers by Reebok
- Low-cut
- Energy Return System
- Leather and textile upper
- Flat laces
- Signature branding throughout


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Showing 1 - 2 of 2 Products
Model: AIL M101B |
Catalog #: 55054039
Rock out without having to carry around a heavy amplifier with the AIL-M101B iRock Mini Guitar Amp.
Model: AIL SP |
Catalog #: 55048339
Use this sustain pedal with any keyboard with sustain input.
Online prices and product selection may vary from our retail stores. All prices and offers are subject to change. Copyright RadioShack Corporation 2014. All rights reserved.


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Video - Business News
SeaTac pushing for $15 minimum wage at airport
Posted on January 7, 2014 at 6:56 PM
Updated Tuesday, Jan 7 at 6:59 PM
The $15 minimum wage is law in SeaTac, but because of a court ruling, not at the airport. Now, the City of SeaTac is putting pressure on the Port of Seattle to change that. KING 5's Linda Brill reports.


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Mumbai, Hotel Marine Plaza
Hotel Marine Plaza, Mumbai
Hotel Overview
A fashionable hotel property overlooking the sea, Marine Plaza is a luxurious hotel that allows its guests to stay in ultimate opulence and enjoy the best of services. The hotel has created a name for itself in the industry for its excellent hospitality and international standards. All the rooms and suites come fitted with world class amenities and promise a five star experience. The Glass bottom pool and Jacuzzi make the experience a truly regal one. Most of the rooms here offer stunning views of the Arabian Sea. When it comes to food and refreshments, Hotel Marine Plaza offers nothing but the best to its guests. With an English Pub, a Chinese restaurant and a round-the-clock coffee shop, the hotel is ever ready to give you a wonderful dining experience.
Check-in: 12:00 noon Check-out: 12:00 noon


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man convicted of gun charge in federal court
Columbia, South Carolina ---- United States Attorney Bill Nettles announced today that Benjamin Devon Goss was convicted following a three day jury trial in United States District Court in Charleston. The Honorable Richard M. Gergel presided over the case.
Testimony developed during trial showed that on October 4, 2010 Goss was spotted by Charleston Police Department Officer Carlos Torres, walking near Johnson St. and America St., with a handgun tucked into his waistband. Upon seeing Goss with the gun, Officer Torres ordered Goss to stop, and Goss fled through a nearby apartment complex. Officer Torres pursued on foot, and while fleeing, Goss discarded the handgun into a large set of bushes. Officer Torres continued the foot pursuit, and with the assistance of other officers, was able to apprehend Goss. The gun, a HiPoint .380, was later recovered where Officer Torres reported it dropped, and was found loaded with eight rounds.
At trial, Goss presented several witnesses, including his brother, who claimed that he, in fact, dropped the gun that police had recovered, and claimed that the police had arrested the wrong individual.
Goss was convicted under 18 U.S.C. § 922(g), for being a Felon in Possession of a Firearm or Ammunition. He faces up to ten years imprisonment, and a mandatory minimum fifteen years imprisonment if he is found at sentencing to have three prior convictions for either violent felonies or serious drug offenses.
The case was investigated by the City of Charleston Police Department and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives. Assistant United States Attorneys Nathan Williams prosecuted the case.
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Occupational Safety & Health Appeals Board (OSHAB)
The Occupational Safety and Health Appeals Board would like to provide you with the best possible service, and your input is vital to our success. Please help us serve you and others better by taking a few minutes to answer the questions below. Thank you for responding.
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