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Caste is a form of social stratification characterized by endogamy, hereditary transmission of a lifestyle which often includes an occupation, ritual status in a hierarchy and customary social interaction and exclusion based on cultural notions of purity and pollution.[2][3] According to Human Rights Watch and UNICEF, caste discrimination affects an estimated 250 million people worldwide.[4][5]
A paradigmatic, ethnographic example is the division of Indian society into rigid social groups, with roots in India's ancient history and persisting until today,[6][4] although the economic significance of the caste system in India has been declining as a result of urbanization and affirmative action programs.
- 1 Etymology
- 2 Caste in South Asia
- 3 Caste-like stratification outside South Asia
- 4 See also
- 5 References
- 6 Sources
- 7 Further reading
- 8 External links
The English word "caste" derives from the Spanish and Portuguese casta, which the Oxford English Dictionary quotes John Minsheu's Spanish dictionary (1599) to mean, "race, lineage, or breed".[7] When the Spanish colonized the New World, they used the word to mean a "clan or lineage." However, it was the Portuguese who employed casta in the primary modern sense when they applied it to the many in-marrying hereditary Indian social groups they encountered upon their arrival in India in 1498.[7][8] The use of the spelling "caste," with this latter meaning, is first attested to in English in 1613.[7]
Caste in South Asia[edit]
Caste system of India[edit]
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Castes in India.
The paradigmatic ethnographic example[11] of caste is the division of Indian society into social groups, with roots in India's Vedic history and persisting until today.[12] A subject of much scholarship by sociologists and anthropologists, the Indian caste system is sometimes used as an analogical basis for the study of caste-like social divisions existing outside India.
The caste-system in India may have several origins,[13] one of them being the varna-system which dates from the later Vedic period.[12] The later Vedic society of northern India, especially Kuru-Panchala, used four categories to classify the society:[14]
- Brahmin: priests, scholars and teachers
- Kshatriyas: warriors, administrators and law enforcers
- Vaishyas: agriculturists, cattle raisers and traders
- Sudras: service providers and artisans; originally non-Aryans who were admitted to Vedic society[15]
Some people were considered left out from these four caste classifications, and in certain places were called Panchama (literally, the fifth). Regarded as outcastes or the untouchables,[16] these people lived on the fringes of the society. In modern India they call themselves Dalits.
Historically, the caste system in India has consisted of thousands of endogamous groups called Jatis or Quoms (among Muslims). All the Jatis were clubbed under the varnas categories during the British colonial Census of 1901.[17] The terms varna (theoretical classification based on occupation) and jāti (caste) are two distinct concepts: while varna is the idealised four-part division envisaged by the above described Twice-Borns, jāti (community) refers to the thousands of actual endogamous groups prevalent across the subcontinent. A jati may be divided into exogamous groups based on same gotras. The classical authors scarcely speak of anything other than the varnas; even Indologists sometimes confuse the two.[18]
Independent India has witnessed caste-related violence. According to Government's report, approximately 110,000 cases of violent acts committed against Dalits were reported in 2005.[19] The economic significance of the caste system in India has been declining as a result of urbanization and affirmative action programs. Upon independence from the British rule, the Indian Constitution listed 1,108 castes across the country as Scheduled Castes in 1950, for affirmative action.[20] The Scheduled Castes are sometimes called Dalit in contemporary literature.[21] In 2001, the proportion of Dalit population was 16.2 percent of India's total population.[22] The majority of the 15 million bonded child workers in India, are from the lowest castes.[5]
Aadhaar, the national identification number of India, is playing a transformational role in providing identity, bringing education, ending exploitation and eradicating socio-economic inequalities by using targeted social security benefits, eliminating ghost and ineligible beneficiaries.[23][24][25][26][27][28][29]
The Nepalese caste system resembles that of the Indian Jāti system with numerous Jāti divisions with a Varna system superimposed for a rough equivalence. But since the culture and the society is different some of the things are different. Inscriptions attest the beginnings of a caste system during the Lichchhavi period. Jayasthiti Malla (1382–95) categorized Newars into 64 castes (Gellner 2001). A similar exercise was made during the reign of Mahindra Malla (1506–75). The Hindu social code was later set up in Gorkha by Ram Shah (1603–36).
Religious, historical and sociocultural factors have helped define the bounds of endogamy for Muslims in some parts of Pakistan. There is a preference for endogamous marriages based on the clan-oriented nature of the society, which values and actively seeks similarities in social group identity based on several factors, including religious, sectarian, ethnic, and tribal/clan affiliation. Religious affiliation is itself multilayered and includes religious considerations other than being Muslim, such as sectarian identity (e.g. Shia or Sunni, etc.) and religious orientation within the sect (Isnashari, Ismaili, Ahmedi, etc.).
Both ethnic affiliation (e.g. Pathan,Sindhi, Baloch, Punjabi, etc.) and membership of specific biraderis or zaat/quoms are additional integral components of social identity.[31] Within the bounds of endogamy defined by the above parameters, close consanguineous unions are preferred due to a congruence of key features of group- and individual-level background factors as well as affinities. McKim Marriott claims a social stratification that is hierarchical, closed, endogamous and hereditary is widely prevalent, particularly in western parts of Pakistan. Frederik Barth in his review of this system of social stratification in Pakistan suggested that these are castes.[32][33][34]
Sri Lanka[edit]
The Caste system in Sri Lanka is a division of society into strata,[35] influenced by the classic Aryan Varnas of North India and the Dravida Jāti system found in South India. Ancient Sri Lankan texts such as the Pujavaliya, Sadharmaratnavaliya and Yogaratnakaraya and inscriptional evidence show that the above hierarchy prevailed throughout the feudal period. The repetition of the same caste hierarchy even as recently as the 18th century, in the British/Kandyan period Kadayimpoth - Boundary books as well, indicates the continuation of the tradition right up to the end of Sri Lanka's monarchy.
Caste-like stratification outside South Asia[edit]
South-east Asia[edit]
Balinese caste structure has been described in early 20th-century European literature to be based on three categories – triwangsa (thrice born) or the nobility, dwijati (twice born) in contrast to ekajati (once born) the low folks. Four statuses were identified in these sociological studies, spelled a bit differently from the caste categories for India:[36]
- Brahmanas - priest
- Satrias - knighthood
- Wesias - commerce
- Sudras - servitude
The Brahmana caste was further subdivided by these Dutch ethnographers into two: Siwa and Buda. The Siwa caste was subdivided into five – Kemenuh, Keniten, Mas, Manuba and Petapan. This classification was to accommodate the observed marriage between higher caste Brahmana men with lower caste women. The other castes were similarly further sub-classified by these 19th-century and early-20th-century ethnographers based on numerous criteria ranging from profession, endogamy or exogamy or polygamy, and a host of other factors in a manner similar to castas in Spanish colonies such as Mexico, and caste system studies in British colonies such as India.[36]
East Asia[edit]
China and Mongolia[edit]
During the period of Yuan Dynasty, ruler Kublai Khan enforced a Four Class System, which was a legal caste system. The order of four classes of people was maintained by the information of the descending order were:-
- Mongolian
- Semu people
- Han people (in the northern areas of China)
- Southerners (people of the former Southern Song Dynasty)
Some scholars notes that it was a kind of psychological indication that the earlier they submitted to Mongolian people, the higher social status they would have. The 'Four Class System' and its people received different treatment in political, legal, and military affairs.[37][38]
Today, the Hukou system is considered by various sources as the current caste system of the China.[39][40][41]
In Japan's history, social strata based on inherited position rather than personal merits, was rigid and highly formalized. At the top were the Emperor and Court nobles (kuge), together with the Shogun and daimyo. Below them the population was divided into four classes in a system known as mibunsei (身分制). These were: samurai, peasants, craftsmen and merchants. Only the samurai class was allowed to bear arms. A samurai had a right to kill any peasants and other craftsmen and merchants whom he felt were disrespectful. Craftsmen produced products, being the third, and the last merchants were thought to be as the meanest class because they did not produce any products. The castes were further sub-divided; for example, the peasant caste were labelled as furiuri, tanagari, mizunomi-byakusho amongst others. The castes and sub-classes, as in Europe, were from the same race, religion and culture.
Howell, in his review of Japanese society notes that if a Western power had colonized Japan in the 19th century, they would have discovered and imposed a rigid four-caste hierarchy in Japan.[42]
De Vos and Wagatsuma observe that a systematic and extensive caste system was part of the Japanese society. They also discuss how alleged caste impurity and alleged racial inferiority, concepts often quickly assumed to be slightly different, are superficial terms, two faces of identical inner psychological processes, which expressed themselves in Japan and other countries of the world.[43]
Endogamy was common because marriage across caste lines was socially unacceptable.[43][44]
Japan had its own untouchable caste, shunned and ostracized, historically referred to by the insulting term Eta, now called Burakumin. While modern law has officially abolished the class hierarchy, there are reports of discrimination against the Buraku or Burakumin underclasses.[45] The Burakumin are regarded as "ostracised."[46] The burakumin are one of the main minority groups in Japan, along with the Ainu of Hokkaidō and those of residents of Korean and Chinese descent.
North Korea[edit]
Committee for Human Rights in North Korea reported that "Every North Korean citizen is assigned a heredity-based class and socio-political rank over which the individual exercises no control but which determines all aspects of his or her life."[47] Regarded as Songbun, Barbara Demick describes this "class structure" as an updating of the hereditary "caste system", combining Confucianism and Stalinism.[48] She claims that a bad family background is called "tainted blood", and that by law this "tainted blood" lasts for three generations.[49]
West Asia[edit]
Yezidi society is hierarchical. The secular leader is a hereditary emir or prince, whereas a chief sheikh heads the religious hierarchy. The Yazidi are strictly endogamous; members of the three Yazidi castes, the murids, sheikhs and pirs, marry only within their group.
In Yemen there exists a hereditary caste, the African-descended Al-Akhdam who are kept as perennial manual workers. Estimates put their number at over 3.5 million residents who are discriminated, out of a total Yemeni population of around 22 million.[50]
Various sociologists have reported caste systems in Africa.[51][52][53] The specifics of the caste systems have varied in ethnically and culturally diverse Africa, however the following features are common - it has been a closed system of social stratification, the social status is inherited, the castes are hierarchical, certain castes are shunned while others are merely endogamous and exclusionary.[54] In some cases, concepts of purity and impurity by birth have been prevalent in Africa. In other cases, such as the Nupe of Nigeria, the Beni Amer of East Africa, and the Tira of Sudan, the exclusionary principle has been driven by evolving social factors.[55]
West Africa[edit]
Among the Igbo of Nigeria - especially Enugu, Anambra, Imo, Abia, Ebonyi, Edo and Delta states of the country - Obinna finds Osu caste system has been and continues to be a major social issue. The Osu caste is determined by one's birth into a particular family irrespective of the religion practised by the individual. Once born into Osu caste, this Nigerian person is an outcast, shunned and ostracized, with limited opportunities or acceptance, regardless of his or her ability or merit. Obinna discusses how this caste system-related identity and power is deployed within government, Church and indigenous communities.[51]
The osu class systems of eastern Nigeria and southern Cameroon are derived from indigenous religious beliefs and discriminate against the "Osus" people as "owned by deities" and outcasts.
The Songhai economy was based on a caste system. The most common were metalworkers, fishermen, and carpenters. Lower caste participants consisted of mostly non-farm working immigrants, who at times were provided special privileges and held high positions in society. At the top were noblemen and direct descendants of the original Songhai people, followed by freemen and traders.[56]
In a review of social stratification systems in Africa, Richter reports that the term caste has been used by French and American scholars to many groups of West African artisans. These groups have been described as inferior, deprived of all political power, have a specific occupation, are hereditary and sometimes despised by others. Richter illustrates caste system in Cote d'lvoire, with six sub-caste categories. Unlike other parts of the world, mobility is sometimes possible within sub-castes, but not across caste lines. Farmers and artisans have been, claims Richter, distinct castes. Certain sub-castes are shunned more than others. For example, exogamy is rare for women born into families of woodcarvers.[57]
Similarly, the Mandé societies in Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Senegal and Sierra Leone have social stratification systems that divide society by ethnic ties. The Mande class system regards the jonow slaves as inferior. Similarly, the Wolof in Senegal is divided into three main groups, the geer (freeborn/nobles), jaam (slaves and slave descendants) and the underclass neeno. In various parts of West Africa, Fulani societies also have class divisions. Other castes include Griots, Forgerons, and Cordonniers.
Tamari has described endogamous castes of over fifteen West African peoples, including the Tukulor, Songhay, Dogon, Senufo, Minianka, Moors, Manding, Soninke, Wolof, Serer, Fulani, and Tuareg. Castes appeared among the Malinke people no later than 14th century, and was present among the Wolof and Soninke, as well as some Songhay and Fulani populations, no later than 16th century. Tamari claims that wars, such as the Sosso-Malinke war described in the Sunjata epic, led to the formation of blacksmith and bard castes among the people that ultimately became the Mali empire.
As West Africa evolved over time, sub-castes emerged that acquired secondary specializations or changed occupations. Endogamy was prevalent within a caste or among a limited number of castes, yet castes did not form demographic isolates according to Tamari. Social status according to caste was inherited by off-springs automatically; but this inheritance was paternal. That is, children of higher caste men and lower caste or slave concubines would have the caste status of the father.[53]
Central Africa[edit]
Ethel M. Albert in 1960 claimed that the societies in Central Africa were caste-like social stratification systems.[58] Similarly, in 1961, Maquet notes that the society in Rwanda and Burundi can be best described as castes.[59] The Tutsi, noted Maquet, considered themselves as superior, with the more numerous Hutu and the least numerous Twa regarded, by birth, as respectively, second and third in the hierarchy of Rwandese society. These groups were largely endogamous, exclusionary and with limited mobility.[60] Maquet's theories have been controversial.
Horn of Africa[edit]
In a review published in 1977, Todd reports that numerous scholars report a system of social stratification in different parts of Africa that resembles some or all aspects of caste system. Examples of such caste systems, he claims, are to be found in Ethiopia in communities such as the Gurage and Konso. He then presents the Dime of Southwestern Ethiopia, amongst whom there operates a system which Todd claims can be unequivocally labelled as caste system. The Dime have seven castes whose size varies considerably. Each broad caste level is a hierarchical order that is based on notions of purity, non-purity and impurity. It uses the concepts of defilement to limit contacts between caste categories and to preserve the purity of the upper castes. These caste categories have been exclusionary, endogamous and the social identity inherited.[62] Alula Pankhurst has published a study of caste groups in SW Ethiopia.[63]
Among the Kafa, there were also traditionally groups labeled as castes. "Based on research done before the Derg regime, these studies generally presume the existence of a social hierarchy similar to the caste system. At the top of this hierarchy were the Kafa, followed by occupational groups including blacksmiths (Qemmo), weavers (Shammano), bards (Shatto), potters, and tanners (Manno). In this hierarchy, the Manjo were commonly referred to as hunters, given the lowest status equal only to slaves."[64]
The Borana Oromo of southern Ethiopia in the Horn of Africa also have a class system, wherein the Wata, an acculturated hunter-gatherer group, represent the lowest class. Though the Wata today speak the Oromo language, they have traditions of having previously spoken another language before adopting Oromo.[65]
The traditionally nomadic Somali people are divided into clans, wherein the Rahanweyn agro-pastoral clans and the occupational clans such as the Madhiban were traditionally sometimes treated as outcasts.[66] As Gabboye, the Madhiban along with the Yibir and Tumaal (collectively referred to as sab) have since obtained political representation within Somalia, and their general social status has improved with the expansion of urban centers.[61]
France and Spain[edit]
For centuries, through the modern times, the majority regarded Cagots of western France and northern Spain as an inferior caste, the untouchables. While they had the same skin color and religion as the majority, in the Churches, they had to use segregated doors, drink from segregated fonts, receive communion on the end of long wooden spoons. It was a closed social system. The socially isolated Cagots were endogamous, and chances of social mobility non-existent.[67][68]
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- Roberts, Nathaniel P. (2008), "Anthropology of Caste", in William A. Darity, International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, (Macmillan social science library), Detroit, MI: Macmillan Reference USA, ISBN 978-0-02-865967-1, retrieved 24 September 2012
- Salamone, Frank A. (1997), "Caste", in Rodriguez, Junius P., The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery, Volume 1, Santa Barbara, CA; Oxford, UK: ABC-CLIO, p. 133, ISBN 978-0-87436-885-7, retrieved 5 August 2012
- Scott, John; Marshall, Gordon (2005), "caste", A Dictionary of Sociology, Oxford, UK; New York, NY: Oxford University Press, p. 66, ISBN 978-0-19-860987-2, retrieved 10 August 2012
- Sonnad, Subhash R. (2003), "Caste", in Christensen, Karen; Levinson, David, Encyclopedia of Community: From the Village to the Virtual World, Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE, pp. 115–121, ISBN 978-0-7619-2598-9, retrieved 5 August 2012
- Sooryamoorthi, Radhamany (2006), "Caste Systems", in Leonard, Thomas M. (editor), Encyclopedia of the Developing World, New York, NY: Routledge, pp. 252–, ISBN 978-0-415-97662-6, retrieved 5 August 2012
- Webster's Unabridged Dictionary ("caste", Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged, Merriam-Webster, 2002, retrieved 5 August 2012).
- Winthrop, Robert H. (1991), Dictionary of Concepts in Cultural Anthropology, ABC-CLIO, pp. 27–30, ISBN 978-0-313-24280-9, retrieved 10 August 2012
Further reading[edit]
- Spectres of Agrarian Territory by David Ludden 11 December 2001
- "Early Evidence for Caste in South India", p. 467-492 in Dimensions of Social Life: Essays in honor of David G. Mandelbaum, Edited by Paul Hockings and Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, New York, Amsterdam, 1987.
External links[edit]
- Auguste Comte on why and how castes developed across the world - in The Positive Philosophy, Volume 3 (see page 55 onwards)
- Robert Merton on Caste and The Sociology of Science
- Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age - Susan Bayly
- Class In Yemen by Marguerite Abadjian (Archive of the Baltimore Sun)
- Hindu Caste System & Hinduism: Vedic vocations (Hindu castes) were not related to heredity (birth) at the Wayback Machine (archived October 26, 2009)
- International Dalit Solidarity Network: An international advocacy group for Dalits


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Resorts - Disney's Wilderness Lodge and Villas
Pin 30694: WDW - Wilderness Lodge 10th Anniversary (Cast Exclusive)
Disney Pins
Walt Disney World
Cast Member
Limited Edition:
1300 Pins
SKU Number:
Original Price:
May, 2004
Members Trading
Members Wanting
This is a pin to celebrate the 10th Anniversary of the Wilderness Lodge and was given to all the Cast Members who work at the Lodge. It was also given out to front desk cast members at Disney's Fort Wilderness resort and campground.
The pin is round with a background that looks like a slice of tree trunk and features the character totem pole that has Mickey Mouse, Goofy, Donald Duck, and Humphrey Bear stacked on top of each other. It has a red banner that reads "10th Anniversary" and the Lodge logo (yes, logo). It comes on a special card with a message to the Cast Members. There is no edition size stamped on the pin.
It was explained that the pin was ordered in a quantity just for the Cast at the Lodge and it was estimated by a Manager that 700-800 Cast Members are at the Lodge. Other estimates have the edition size around 1300.
Another member adds:
"The back of my pin has the Disney pin trading logo dated 2004. It then says
"Cast Member 10th Anniversary
Limited edition of 1300
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Start your future now.
With us, you'll find prospects that allow you to take your next step toward an innovative future.
We are a leading company for innovative and top-quality high-tech products in the pharmaceutical and chemical sectors. We operate our businesses in four divisions: Biopharmaceuticals, Consumer Health (over-the-counter pharmaceuticals), Performance Materials (high-tech chemicals) and Life Science Tools.
How can a global audience be comprehensively informed about the current state of technology — for example, in the area of laboratory analysis?
Corporate responsibility (CR) sometimes comes in a container. One example of that is a pilot project involving an innovative pharmacy for the rural regions of Africa.


text:
Another phase of the City of Kirkland's 85th Street Improvement Project on Rose Hill commences Monday with work to add sidewalks to 124th Avenue Northeast between Northeast 80th and 90th streets.
Eight blocks of the 10-block stretch, which crosses Northeast 85th, currently have no sidewalks across at all. The work will include repaving 124th Avenue from 85th to 80th this coming winter. Curbs, gutters and planter strips will be added to both sides of the 10-block stretch.
The first phase will be on the lightly traveled south side of 85th, and traffic should not be affected too much. The second phase starting in late October will be on the north side of 85th and will require lane closures and traffic delays.
Northeast 85th is a major city arterial, connecting Kirkland and Redmond, with a busy interchange on Interstate 405. The 8th Street Improvement project is part of Kirkland's overall Capital Improvement Program (CIP), with funding from the city, state and Sound Transit.
"It's the biggest city CIP project we've ever had," said Kari Page, spokeswoman for the Kirkland Public Works Department.
Here is the advisory on the project from Kirkland Public Works:
Project: 124th Avenue NE Sidewalks
What: Construction is about to begin on the 124th Avenue NE Sidewalk Project. The project will construct curb, gutter and sidewalk with a planter strip along both sides of 124th Avenue NE between NE 80th and 90th Streets (where no sidewalk exists). The concrete sidewalk will be 5 feet wide and will be separated from the edge of the travel lane by a 4.5 foot planter strip and 0.5 foot wide concrete curb (totaling 5 feet) in most places.
When: Construction is scheduled to begin the week of September 24th and continue through February 2013. The first phase includes sidewalk construction starting south of NE 85th Street along the east side of 124th Avenue NE. Phase two will move construction to north of NE 85th Street and along the east side of 124th Avenue NE in late October or early November. Phase three is expected to start in late November or early December and will construct sidewalks on the west side of 124th Avenue NE. This phase includes grinding away the existing asphalt and laying a new asphalt roadway on 124th Avenue NE from NE 85th Street to NE 80th Street. The last phase will restrict traffic on 124th Avenue NE between NE 85th Street and NE 80th Street to local access only. Many factors, including weather, can impact this schedule. The project is expected to be complete in late February. Work hours are scheduled Monday-Friday between 7:00 am and 6:00 pm.
What to Expect: There may be inconvenience associated with driving through the work zone. Traffic control and flagging operations will be in effect. "No-Parking" signs will be posted 24 hours in advance of all parking restrictions. Emergency vehicle access will be maintained throughout the construction process.
For more information on the project/ Para más información:
· 24-hour project information hotline/ Para más información*, 425-587-3838· Alternative formats available/711 (TTY Relay)
· Kari Page, Neighborhood Outreach Coordinator, email@example.com, or 425-587-3011
· Rod Steitzer, Project Engineer, firstname.lastname@example.com, or 425-587-3825
· Web: go to www.Kirklandwa.gov/85thStreet
*Señale su idioma y llamaremos a un intéprete. El servicio es gratuito.


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Trainload of Officials Break Ground for New Station
Officials from Metro, Metrolink, and Burbank Bob Hope Airport gathered on June 21 to ceremonially break ground for a new Antelope Valley Line Metrolink station at the intersection of San Fernando Road and Hollywood Way. The station will open by January 2015.
Metro Chairman Mike Antonovich led a roster of speakers that included Metrolink Chair Patrick Morris, Metro board members Ara Najarian and Richard Katz, Assemblymember Mike Gatto, Metro CEO Art Leahy, and Airport Authority Vice President Susan Georgino. Many of the speakers and officials arrived via a Metrolink train that stopped at the approximate location of the new station.
Metro is contributing $3.7 million of Measure R transportation sales tax funds to the project, and the Airport Authority contributed $1.75 million. When complete, the new Bob Hope Airport-Hollywood Way Station will provide passengers from the Santa Clarita area with convenient rail access to the Airport. Airport-bound travelers will be able to board free Airport shuttles that will take them to and from the Airport terminal.
Rail access to the Airport is already available via the Bob Hope Airport Train Station, which serves Amtrak and Metrolink trains on the Ventura Line. The existing train station is located on Empire Avenue, across the street from the Airport.
For more information about the groundbreaking, see The Source's photos, video, and article on this latest development in plane-to-train connectivity.
Airport and City Join to Reach Out to Film Location Scouts
The Airport and the City of Burbank partnered to sponsor a filming open house earlier this month in a bid to attract more location film shoots in the city and at the Airport. Burbank Mayor Emily Gabel-Luddy and Airport Executive Dan Feger welcomed more than 60 location scouts and managers for a behind-the-scenes tour, where they were allowed to take photos of the Airport and its surroundings.
The scouts were introduced to the Airport's many advantages as a filming location, including close proximity to the major studios, a streamlined filming application process, reasonable costs, 24-hour availability, and a variety of in-terminal, airfield, and hangar spaces available for use in feature films, television programming, and commercials.
The Airport reopened its facilities to filming last year after a lengthy hiatus following the events of September 11, 2001. The renewed availability of the Airport for filming met with an enthusiastic response, and on-site shoots to date have included Sophia Coppola's film The Bling Ring; episodes of Arrested Development; NCIS: Los Angeles; Grey's Anatomy; and CSI; and commercials for Vitamin Water, AT&T, and Hot Wheels.
The Airport's Commercial, Film, Video and Photography Guidelines, filming application, and photos of filming locations are available on the Airport's website.
Summer Promotions in Full Swing
Michael B. of Washington state was randomly selected as the winner of the Airport's Trip to Tinseltown Sweepstakes, which was hosted on the Airport's official Facebook page in May. Michael won two round-trip tickets to Burbank Bob Hope Airport via Alaska Airlines, two tickets to Universal Studios Hollywood, a three-night stay at the Hotel Amarano in Burbank, a four-day car rental from Budget, and two rounds of golf from De Bell Golf Club. Congratulations, Michael, and thanks to our sweepstakes partners!
For self-parking locals traveling through the Airport this summer, the Camarillo Premium Outlets voucher promotion will run until August 31. Travelers who park at the Airport for three days or more can claim a voucher redeemable for a discount coupon booklet at the Camarillo Premium Outlets, located one hour north of the Airport.
The Airport Authority adopted a $109 million budget for the new fiscal year that includes completion of the Regional Intermodal Transportation Center (RITC) and the Common Use Passenger Processing System (CUPPS), which will allow airlines to check in their passengers at any in-terminal kiosk. The budget also has appropriations subject to final funding for the installation of a new runway lighting system.
The Airport Authority and the City of Burbank are conducting a series of joint studies focused on improved transportation connections to the Airport and transit-oriented development opportunities in the Airport vicinity. The first community workshop takes place June 27 at the Burbank Airport Marriott, 5:30-7:30 p.m. More information is available online at www.linkburbank.com.
As a proud sponsor of UCLA Athletics, the Airport would like to congratulate the UCLA men's baseball team on their victory in the College World Series. Way to go, Bruins!


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The result is a top quality Made in Italy hair color product capable of satisfying any colorist need. Compagnia Del Colore is also known among professional and celebrity hair colorist as cdc professional hair color.


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Oct 12, 2012, 23:32 #1
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Should I go against my own beliefs
I am putting this out there to try and garner some opinion from the community to help me make a decision about my current problem.
I was contracted to make a website for a 3rd party by 2 people who where paying the 3rd party for services by helping to rework the website. One of the duo would concentrate on rewriting the page content whilst the other was to offer up the design for the site. I was then to translate the design to code and help to fill out the content with that supplied.
As you would expect, I gave a discount on my normal pricing since these two rather time consuming tasks were taken out of my hands. The problems I have stem from the fact that the 'content writer' isnt a content writer and the 'designer' is a student of product design; this is their first website design.
Initially I was unaware, until late in to the implementation; that 90% of the design work has been plagiarised from a major brands website, its quite noticeable although not a major problem it is enough to make me concerned about whether to put my name at the bottom of the site.
The problem I have now is that they are attempting to make me implement design aspects that I do not agree with and that I feel will be detrimental to the site and problematic to the visitors.
The major point that I am contesting is that they want the 'main page content to appear in a small box at the bottom left of the screen; more or less the footer. This content is to start in a 'hidden' state and it is down to the user to 'click to reveal' the content. I have tried until I am blue in the face to make them see sense but I just keep getting met with the same instructions for that aspect of the design; something I have refrained from implementing thus far. Their excuse is that they believe that people who are actually interested in the site content will interact with these elements revealing the content, essentially providing a barrier for anyone else.
I have also argued that these elements will be detrimental to mobile and tablet visitors, again and opinion they have brushed aside.
I am at the point now where I am ready to approach the actual site owner and attempt to get full control over the site and its design and essentially cut out those who are in my opinion trying to harm the site; even though they have good intentions.
I wanted to ask the community at large for some general advice on how you would handle this if you were in a similar situation?
Oct 13, 2012, 06:24 #2
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I personally would likely back out unless I could get through to the 3rd party that their approach is not the best way to handle this particular site and they should really try and start over. However, here are the questions I would ask myself to come up with my ultimate decision.
There are a few questions to ask yourself
1) If I choose to continue on with this project, can I live with that decision and would I be willing to use it in my portfolio?
2) Would I want to work with this group again, knowing their current process and lack of real-world skills?
3) If we completed the project, would I want them going around stating they completed this site with my help? (keep in mind your answer to #1)
4) Would this site ever reflect poorly on my business or have the potential to do so?
I've walked away from similar deals, one client wanted me to literally, rip the DVD they bought as a training tool, and to put that on their website. Needless to say, I shook his hand and said "I'm sorry, but we are now at a cross road. I can't provide you with what you want due to several legal reasons, but if you do find someone that will, be prepared to receive a DMCA notice from the originator of the training content." and then I left. I still have no idea if he has a website up or not, but that was 6+ years ago and my business hasn't hurt from it.Be sure to congratulate Patche on earning July's Member of the Month
Go ahead and blame me, I still won't lose any sleep over it
My Blog | My Technical Notes
Oct 13, 2012, 17:45 #3
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Leave the trio.
Don't try to take the client.
By the sound of it you were contracted to work on the site by two others who you don't want to work with anymore.
The client is theirs, not yours. Look elsewhere for work.
If you were working with the client directly I would send them an email saying you're no longer working with them and leave it at that.
If the client isn't happy with how the site is going they can fire the other two and may choose to ask you for help but don't try to work against people who hired you.--
twitter | yellowshoe
Oct 13, 2012, 23:23 #4
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Thanks for your replies; just to clarify a few points,
I live in a remote holiday destination, the site owner is also resident here and he has developed into quite a good friend. The duo who initially contacted me on his behalf have now finished their time here and have returned to their homes, we are conducting the remaining development by email whilst I have occasional meetings with the site owner.
The site owner is a sports trainer, the duo are students of his who said they would invigorate his website in exchange for part payment on his fees. I was brought on board to actually build the site. The site owner is the one who is paying my fees.
In this arrangement I see myself as the design director and the duo are essentially working for me; we are working together to build the site for the owner. Is it wrong that I am thinking this way?
In my capacity I feel that my opinion trumps theirs; i.e. this is my full time job, I know better, I understand UX and try to find a balance between what the client wants and what I (with my experience) feel that the site visitors want. If we don't design with the visitors in mind then it may harm the success of the project; that is my fear.
If they were my actual paid employees of mine I would not accept either the design or the content and I would force them to re-work both. When I bring up my concerns they are just brushed aside and I am again instructed to perform those same tasks. As they are only nominees of the site owner; I do feel it is my ethical and professional responsibility to inform the site owner of my concerns and thus allow him to make the decision on who has complete control over the site.
Let me just be clear; this is not me taking work away from other developers; I will still be more than happy to provide footer credits for the duo as I know (and appreciate) the work they have put in to this. The problem I have is that in my opinion, the work they have done is substandard; but they think otherwise.
Many people would say, 'just walk away' and it is something I am tempted to do; but as I said, the owner has become a close friend during our meetings; we have even met socially. The other rather important aspect is the sites traffic; they get a lot, as a freelance developer this is a great opportunity for exposure for me. This is a major reason why I have to make sure the site is built correctly and crosses as many boxes as possible when it comes to usability and accessibility; it needs to be something that sits nice in my portfolio.
Hence I really don't want to walk away from this project; for those reasons; but I would also like to try to get on an even keel with the duo but I don't feel they are listening to anything I have to say and they are just re-iterating the exact same points.
I have been drafting an email over the last few days; trying to find a balance between being firm but professional. I am considering how to ask them to step aside from the project for its own benefit but I am still toying with the wording. I also have a meeting with the site owner in the next few days anyway; I'm not sure of how to voice my concerns with him.
As it is now; the site owner is asking me to change and amend aspects of the content that the duo has already told me to not do. They have actually said to me not to let him change certain elements such as header images and sidebar/footer content. I don't agree with this; especially if his ideas are better than theirs. If anything I really should inform him of this when he asks me to do them.
All I want to do is make websites; I could do without all this hassle!
NOTE: I am considering for future projects an additional clause in my contracts that states that I have complete control over whether aspects are implemented if I don't believe they are accessible or add anything to the site. Obviously giving me grounds for withdrawal from the project; although I'm not sure if that is a bit too dictatorial: my way or else; not my style really. Does anyone else include such a clause? How do you word it?
Oct 14, 2012, 20:49 #5
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Never get involved in projects like this. Its just messy.
Tell them "Thanks, but no thanks"
Nov 23, 2012, 00:03 #6
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HOUSTON -- We're in for a cold weekend, said KHOU 11 News Chief Meteorologist David Paul. Temps on Saturday will be 10 degrees colder than the day before.
The winds are picking up out of the north Friday evening, and those winds will bring our cold weekend air.
Overnight, temps will be in the 30's.
Saturday morning will begin with temperatures in the mid-30's. During the day, the high for Texas Independence Day is 55 degrees.
Cover your plants before you go to bed Saturday night. Some of the northwest counties could see a freeze and some spots will dip into the upper 20's Sunday morning.
It'll stay chill on Sunday with a high of 63 degrees.
Temps will finally rebound on Monday with highs in the mid-70's.
Download our free HOU Weather app on your iPhone or Android featuring 12-hour forecasts, radars, conditions, coastal weather, satellite imagery and web cams. Also, look for our WeatherCaster iPad app in the App Store.


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The Catholic Company is the leading online Catholic books and gifts store. You'll find everything you need to dive deeper into the Catholic faith, including a wide selection of Catholic bibles, music, rosaries, new roman missal, statues and more. Getting ready to prepare for a sacred Christmas and Advent season? Browse the advent wreaths, Christmas cards, Kneeling Santas and nativities we have available. Celebrating a Sacrament with your loved ones? Find the perfect gift to cherish the moment. We offer a variety of ideas for First Communion gifts, Confirmation gifts, Catholic Wedding gifts and Baptism gifts. Enjoy the spiritual growth in you and others around you!
Support the quest to share God's love and spread the Catholic Faith among the world's least fortunate.Learn More & Purchase Items To Share >
My mom was taken off the ventilator just as the medal arrived. We will never forget what a truly miraculous medal this is!
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Help fill the new couple's home with faith-based heirlooms to brighten their marriage. Great choices include couple's rosaries, a beautiful marriage blessing, or a gift piece such as a serving platter, frame or a set of toasting flutes. Since the bride will likely have a new last initial, anything personalized or monogrammed would be thoughtful, too.
Have you ever experienced those moments at Mass when something said in the homily just hits you between the eyes? I had that experience recently. I don't remember anything else about the homily except for the phrase "Give God the firstfruits."
Saint Camillus de Lellis is an example how God often plants the seeds of your life's mission among the ordinary, even sinful, circumstances you find yourself in; in the end, by the grace of God, all things truly will work together for your good and His glory, and it is never too late to amend your life and work to become a saint.


text:
Maximizing the actual storage capacity and presenting a simple modern look are at the heart of Skovby's design process for the SM 314 buffet. Two drawers across the top and two across the bottom frame doors in the middle. Store tablecloths and placemats in the four drawers; hide your serving dishes and other large items on the shelves behind the wooden doors. You'll be able to store all that you need to set your dining room table for that dinner party. If versatility is what you need in a buffet, the SM 314 buffet will be right at home in any modern dining room.
Weight:176 lb
Standard Shipping Method:Standard curbside shipping is 5% of item subtotal
Service includes delivery of large, heavy and or fragile items. Deliveries are made directly to your curb, front door or main lobby. Standard service does not include placement inside your home or business, unpacking, assembly or debris removal. Deliveries are generally made within 3-10 days from the time your order ships, and occur Monday through Friday. Day and time specific delivery appointments are required, and someone must be present to receive the order. Appointments are generally set between the hours of 12pm-5pm.
Special Services:Inside delivery is available upon request. Please call our sales team at 888-467-6278 for a custom quote
If you have additional questions regarding Smart Furniture's policies in general, please see our FAQs page.
There is a 5-year limited warranty on fittings, extension rails, and hinges.
Skovby's warranty covers products that were manufactured after January 1, 2007. Minor variations will occur between floor samples, swatches, printed illustrations, and items ordered. Skovby's warranty does not cover a product sold "as is" or purchased from any source other than an authorized Skovby retailer. Any product modification will void this warranty. Any product that is exposed to extreme temperatures, humidity, or misuse will not be covered under the warranty. Transportation costs in connection with product repair of defects will not be covered by the warranty.


text:
The Morehead News
05/02/13 — Mrs. Betty Ann Brewster Knipp, 63, of Olive Hill, passed away Tuesday evening, April 30, 2013, at her residence.
She was born Oct. 2, 1949, in Carter County, a daughter of June Castle Shreves of Florida and the late Wilford Logan Brewster.
Betty was a Christian and was a homemaker. She enjoyed spending time with and taking care of her pets.
In addition to her father, she was preceded in death by one son, Jeff Tackett; one brother, Johnny Brewster; and one sister, Judy Brewster.
Betty is survived by her husband of 22 years, Frank Knipp; one son, Steve Tackett of Marion, Ind.; one daughter, Angie Tackett of Marion, Ind.; three grandchildren; and one brother and sister-in-law, Eddie and Patricia Brewster of Perrysville, Ohio. She also leaves many other family members and friends who will sadly miss her.
Funeral services will be at 11 a.m. Saturday, May 4, 2013, at Globe Funeral Chapel in Olive Hill with Brother Bobby Day officiating. Burial will follow in the Davis Cemetery on Hickory Flats in Olive Hill.
Friends may visit from 6 to 9 p.m. Friday, May 3, 2013, and until the service hour on Saturday at Globe Funeral Chapel, 17277 West US Highway 60, Olive Hill, KY 41164.
Family and friends will serve as pallbearers.
Condolences may be sent to the family at www.globefc.com.


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Legend: N - new page, m - minor edit, b - bot edit.
No changes on linked pages during the given period.


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Lydia Dishman, Contributor
My beat is fashion, retail and e-commerce.
Shoppers mad for plaid and seeking "prints charming" have put J. Crew Group Inc. back in black. The now-privately held purveyor of preppy chic togs returned to a profit in the second quarter, with net income topping $22 million compared with its $10.5 million loss a year ago. J. Crew's 285 retail stores and 99 factory outlets brought in $384 million for a 21% revenue increase, while online and catalogue sales climbed 16% to $134 million. Comparable store sales rose 14% as opposed to last year's 3% increase. So what's behind the surge?
New York City-based J. Crew was taken off the stock exchange last March in a $3 billion buyout by private equity firms. But the retailer's profile has only risen thanks to massive marketing efforts (in print, catalogues and online) and a full court press to shine the spotlight on CEO Mickey Drexler. He was the star of CNBC's documentary, "The Man Who Dressed America," and frequently featured in articles showcasing his merchandising savvy. Drexler's build a lot of retail cred over decades in the business (he's also commonly referred to as the "merchant prince") taking the helm and turning around both Ann Taylor and Gap before landing at J. Crew.
Now he continues to burnish his image as a micro manager (even store lightbulbs get the Mickey touch) while reinforcing his philosophy of personal service by personally addressing customer complaints.
Speaking of attention to customers, J. Crew relaunched its personal shopping program under the new moniker Very Personal Stylist. To announce the change, J. Crew sent what looked like wedding invitations, printed on heavy card stock and chicly engraved inviting customers to come in and chat with a dedicated specialist. But like so many things at J. Crew that look luxe but are actually affordable — the personal service is actually free.
Available at all stores, it's an extension of what Drexler implemented two years ago when he trotted out his men's wear designer Frank Muytjens and stylist Jack O'Connor to proffer advice to reluctant guys who want to look good but lack the shopping gland that allows for hours of trying and buying. While Jack's savvy is available via the web site the combination of anonymous advice and in-store care is proving to be more than enough to entice even the most shopping averse fellow. Men's wear outpaced women's apparel this last quarter, according to the company.
Finally, J. Crew's making moves to expand globally. It's first foray to offer goods internationally was online in partnership with established luxury e-commerce site Net-a-porter last year. The company then targeted a new store in Toronto and is now taking steps to distribute in Asia via Hong Kong's Lane Crawford, a department store that caters to affluent consumers seeking the latest and greatest from designer brands.
And just like that, J. Crew achieves not only global status, but it continues to elevate the brand's stature. Positioning J. Crew apparel and accessories alongside the likes of such haute designers as Givenchy, McQueen, and Balenciaga ensures that shoppers view the goods as equally high brow — something J. Crew started when it took its place at NY Fashion Week. But unlike its costlier counterparts, J. Crew's more affordable price points turn its offerings into impulse buys. And what fashionista can resist?
The 'personalized approach' has taken the Brand places and is very likely to help the brand gain the ultimate customer loyalty, something that doesn't come easy in the world where we have a million options to choose from. The brand is really running smart and setting a high anchor that the others need to learn from, a lot!
Definitely. Your writings are aways inspiring and full of fruitful information, something an amateur like me can learn a lot from.
Btw, I am super pleased to invite you to one of my writings dedicated on this topic and based on your studies about the brand and 'personalized customer care' approach in general:
It would be a pleasure of a lifetime, if you can devote a few seconds and advise your professional high-end feedback to me. I'll be super grateful.
Thanks! :)
Yes, but you have to get the brick and mortar experience right as well as that of the interplay between the physical locations and the website where people go to obtain to obtain information even if they are going to a store. I recently had a frustrating, wasteful experience due to JCrew's defeciencies in this regard. The website store locator is very non obvious if you start from the main url. I had to resort to a word search in google to find it. Second, they are not only individual items available online they the stores do not carry, but entire categories of items that the stores don't have. So to prevent a useless trip to the store you have to call to make sure they have the item or type of item that you have seen online. Somehow surfing and calling and driving in order to buy something from JCrew doesn't seem terribly convenient to me. Finally, the site didn't have accessible pertinent information about parking which in the case of the Chicago North Avenue location in especially important. The store does not validate parking in the expensive garage in which they are actually located but rather its available across the street and around the corner. An unpleasant fact which, to my knowledge, you can only learn the hard way.
Impressed with J. Crew and wanting to learn more about its owners, I found your article. One negative: searching for a specific pair of jeans, I was referred to a central number and then told the jeans were not available. Afterward, I stopped at the Century City store (in Los Angeles) and found two pair in the size I wanted. So there is one thing J. Crew needs to work on.
The idea of personal shippers and/or style and wardrobe advise for men and women customers is anything but new…actually, it's quite old and hardly explains the so=called success" that Mickey has managed at J. Crew. We as a species, especially analysts and reporters, are wired to believe in cause and effect and in the idea that great change is driven by management pratices devised by brillant leadership when it it is most often a function of timing, perception and luck. But these latter influences donot a grand narrative make, and thus we have the second neuro-psychological drive…the need to construct a narrative which ex-post facto explains a casual realtionship which at best is a correlation…


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By Robert Stoneback
The Danville News
DANVILLE — Costs for Danville Area School District's 305 special education students range between $13,000 and $17,000 per student, according to school officials.
The district is tasked with providing all the staff and services that might affect a student's academic performance. Costs include occupational therapists, physical therapists, handicap-accessible transportation and tools such as wheelchairs and special pencil grips or seats required by students.
"There's no exact number for this but I'd say it's anywhere between $13,000 and $17,000 (per special education student)," said Janis Venna, business manager for the Danville district. "It just varies so greatly. It could be someone with mild learning disabilities or someone with severe learning and physical disabilities," she said.
The budget for special education from the previous school year was $3.859 million. Though the budget for the 2013-2014 school year has not been finalized, Venna's preliminary figures show a $19,000 decrease in funding for next year, bringing the department's projected budget to $3.84 million.
The reduced funding could result in fewer community trips, where students learn to do things such as navigating a grocery store or using a debit card. However, there's not a lot of extra fat left in the program at this point, said Jill Robbins, Danville's special education director.
Last year, the district spent about $40,000 to cover physical and occupational therapists for all the district's special education students.
"We service all kids regardless of their disability," Robbins said. "I think we go above and beyond to meet our kids' needs."
The number of district students requiring special education needs has remained relatively constant in the three years that Robbins has been with the district. Special education students include those with autism, learning disabilities, emotional support, intellectual disability and speech and language problems.
Robbins said she is not certain how the district's projected $1 million deficit will affect her program. "I'm sure its going to impact everybody," she said.
School officials will determine where cuts will be made in the coming months.
"We're just waiting to see what the final numbers are to provide adequate programs for our students," said Cheryl Latorre, superintendent for Danville. "It's a time when we need to do more with less."
The school board will review a list of potential financial cuts during its March 12 meeting.


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As the lockout rages on, rather than focusing on the definition of HRR, the owner/player split and board meetings that accomplish nothing, we will instead turn our attention to the game itself, by featuring weekly updates on the Winnipeg Jets' CHL prospects.
Last weekend all seven prospects play in at least two games -- except for golden boy Mark Scheifele who was given three opportunities to etch his name on the stat sheet. Let's take a look at how they did and what fans can expect as the season plays out.
The first night of CHL action seemed extraordinarily promising as the aforementioned Scheifele opened his campaign with three assists and an empty net goal to seal a 6-4 win for the Barrie Colts.
More right here for you


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Recent reports of evaluating former Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon's brain activity with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) do not indicate that he is on the verge of awakening from a coma after his severe stroke seven years ago.
For 20 years, fMRI has been a useful and often fascinating tool for neuroscientists to investigate brain function, for neurologists to diagnose ailments and assess the response to treatments, and for neurosurgeons to plan and conduct complex surgery on the brain. This technique measures changes in cerebral blood flow related to something that patients do (such as tapping their fingers or reading a word list) or the response to a stimulus like patterns of light, pictures or touching the feet. Nevertheless, fMRI is unproven to monitor patients after any severe brain injury or as a way to assess prognosis.
It is not clear why Mr. Sharon underwent these tests. Regardless of the results, the most important way to predict recovery is a traditional clinical neurological exam, wherein a physician assesses motor and sensory skills, balance and coordination, nerve function, reflexes and the patient's level of awareness and interaction with the environment.
Unless Mr. Sharon exhibited otherwise unreported improvements during a clinical neurological exam, the fMRI means little or nothing with regard to his recovering any meaningful brain activity.
This post was written by Michael Schulder, MD, vice-chairman of neurosurgery at North Shore University Hospital, who is also the director of the Brain Tumor Institute and a professor of neurosurgery at the Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine.
Contents of the health blog are the property of North Shore-LIJ Health System and are provided as a health resource for consumers, health care professionals and members of the media. The medical content on the North Shore-LIJ Health Blog is for informational purposes only and should not be considered a substitute for consultation with your physician regarding diagnosis, treatment or any other form of specific medical advice. These materials may be reprinted for noncommercial personal use only. "North Shore-LIJ Health System," "North Shore-LIJ," "northshorelij.com," "VivoHealth," their related entities and logos are trademarks of the North Shore-LIJ Health System. Copyright © 2011 North Shore-LIJ Health System. All rights reserved.


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We want to ensure that millions of riders can count on safe, efficient, reliable bus service connecting them with opportunities and services essential to daily life. FTA Deputy Administrator Therese McMillan
Roughly 100,000 people live within a half-mile of one of the new Sun Link streetcar stations. FTA Chief Counsel Dorval Carter
"The Silver Line will help accommodate thousands of new riders and offer a much-needed alternative to traffic congestion." - FTA Deputy Administrator
Therese McMillan
The new Green Line will make a huge difference for hardworking families, students, and seniors who need reliable transportation options. Acting Under Secretary Peter Rogoff
A half-century ago, our government became a true partner in the effort to bring more public transportation choices to Americas cities and towns. - Deputy Administrator Therese McMillan


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Each week, Patch puts together a list of local activities and events going on in your area this weekend. Check back weekly and tell us in the comments if you know of any additional activities coming up.
To submit an event in the Patch events calendar, click on "Events" at the top of the page and then click on the green "Add an event" button on the right side of the page.
- Where: 7700 Old Georgetown Rd, Bethesda
- When: Friday, Feb. 8, 6-9 p.m.
- Description: Galleries stay open late to showcase new exhibits featuring original artwork along with opening receptions.
- Cost: Free
- Where: 7300 MacArthur Blvd, Glen Echo
- When: Feb. 8-10, 10 a.m.; 11 a.m.; 1 p.m.
- Description: The Puppet Co. presents the final weekend of Toyland. Recommended for ages Pre-K-Grade 4.
- Cost: $10
- Where: 4908 Auburn Ave, Bethesda
- When: See website for show times.
- Description: The Imagination Stage presents Anime Momotaro. Best for ages 5-10, Running time: 90 mins. with intermission.
- Cost: $12+
Sunday Fun-Day
- Where: Imagination Stage, 4908 Auburn Ave, Bethesda
- When: Sunday, Feb. 10, 10 a.m.
- Description: Rotating lessons and multi-sensory play for children. Each workshop is themed around a popular children's book.
- Cost: $10
- Where: 11510 Falls Rd, Potomac
- When: Saturday, Feb. 9, 8 p.m.
- Description: Har Shalom Players presents Hello Dolly.
- Cost: $20
Winterfest Children's Carnival
- Where: 10123 Connecticut Ave, Kensington
- When: Saturday, Feb. 9, 10 a.m.
- Description: The Learning Center for Young Children in Kensington presents a Winterfest Children's Carnival with activities for families with children in preschool and elementary school.
- Cost: Free
Love Your Library Book/Bake Sale
- Where: Silver Spring Library, 8901 Colesville Rd, Silver Spring
- When: Saturday, Feb. 9, 10 a.m.
- Description: Books, baked goods and two free children's programs will be presented at the love your library book and bake sale.
- Cost: Free
John R. G. Roth: Polymorphic Conveyances
- Where: VisArts, 155 Gibbs St, Rockville
- When: Exhibition on view through Feb. 16, Friday: 12-8 p.m., Saturday & Sunday, 12 -4 p.m.
- Description: VisArts presents John R. G. Roth's Polymorphic Conveyances.
- Cost: Free
Philharmonic of Many Colors
- Where: Strathmore, 10701 Rockville Pike, North Bethesda
- When: Saturday, Feb. 9, 8 p.m.
- Description: Concert presented by the National Philharmonic Chorus and orchestra.
- Cost: $28
Laugh Riot at the Hyatt
- Where: Hyatt Regency Bethesda, 1 Bethesda Metro Ctr, Bethesda
- When: Saturday, Feb. 9, 8 p.m.
- Description: Live standup comedy show. $25 cash prize joke contest for non-com audience members after the show.
- Cost: $10


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The designer's name has been added to this, Trevor Chan's second follow-up to the cult hit economic strategy game known as Capitalism. This time around, the interface and visuals are somewhat different, but underneath it all is the same award-winning approach to the business world found in the previous games. Build your fortune by constructing factories, setting up retail shops, and making shrewd investments. Capitalism II offers a more complex and detailed economic model with a greater number of business and products available to you. The new Entrepreneur's Campaign is an extended tutorial which requires you to meet specific business objectives. The Capitalist's Campaign casts you in a number of different business roles and scenarios. The Custom mode allows you to tweak virtually all aspects of the gameplay, from difficulty, to the complexity of your opponents' AI, to which industries exist in your game world. This installment also brings online and network play to the series for the first time.
Capitalism 2 is a Simulation/Business Sim video game for PC published by Ubi Soft. It's rated Everyone by the ESRB and no users have rated it yet.
Our newest cheats for Capitalism 2 were added January 1, 2003.
While playing a game, hold [Shift] and press 6789 to enable cheat mode. If you entered the code correctly, a message will appear. Enter one of the following codes to activate the corresponding cheat function:
RESULT CHEAT CODE 10,000,000 extra credits [Alt] + C
If you were looking for Capitalism 2 for PC cheats, then you might also want cheats for:


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A diverse group of musical talent, industry types and even a few high school music teachers came out to be inducted into the Long Island Music Hall of Fame at its gala on Thursday night held at the Paramount.
From hip-hop pioneers like Salt-n-Pepa and DJ Spindarella to the record industry legend Ron Alexenburg who signed acts like Charlie Daniels and Michael Jackson to Epic Records launching their careers into the stratosphere, the red carpet was packed with local stars who contributed to the music business.
Jim Faith, director of the Long Island Music Hall of Fame and Museum in Port Jefferson said that the diversity in this year's lineup is reflective of the talent on Long Island as a whole.
"It's like that every year," he said.
Long Island, according to Faith, is no one trick pony.
"We don't just have one type of music," he said. "Long Island is called an embarrassment of riches. It's pretty amazing."
Put homegrown Eighties hair band Zebra next to Brooklyn-based rappers Whodini to see what he means; exactly what the Hall of Fame did that night.
It also combined inductees with others more symbiotic with their genre of music.
Barnaby Bye – the classic rock band formed by Long Island twins Billy and Bobby Alessi along with Pappy Castro and Mike Ricciardella – was introduced at the ceremony by Michael "Eppy" Epstein.
Before the ceremony, Epstein said events like the induction ceremony were good for the local music scene.
"I love this place," he said of the Paramount Theater. "More of this and we'll bring Long Island back to the way it used to be."
He should know.
Epstein is the founder of Roslyn club My Father's Place, a Mecca for up and coming rock musicians in the Seventies and Eighties and the kids who travelled there to see them play. As a venue, My Father's Place was inducted into the Long Island Music Hall of Fame in 2010.
Hip-hop trio Salt-n-Pepa and Spindarella (Cheryl Wray, Sandra Denton and Deidre Roper) burst onto the red carpet to be honored for their pioneering roles in music that paved the way for the powerful female rappers who followed them.
Brooklyn born inductee Connie Stevens said her local roots helped in her career.
"It made me very, very brave," she said of her hometown.
Also from Brooklyn but from another era were the inductees from the rap group Whodini. Jalil Hutchins, John "Ecstasy" Fletcher and Drew "Grandmaster Dee" Carter were producing music in an era when rap music wasn't played on radio or MTV. They used original music insted of sampling and fought to get their full songs played instead of just instrumental versions of their jams. To fight that battle they say they had to come up with clean lyrics.
Dee Snider of the 80s heavy metal band Twisted Sister was given the Harry Chapin Award but couldn't make it to the gala because he was filming the next season of reality show The Apprentice.
Taylor Dayne, who grew up in Baldwin, accepted her award and afterwards called the Paramount "one hell of a music theater."
"I'll be playing here very shortly," she revealed.
Dayne also spoke about her stint on the Food Network's "Celebrity Cook-Off" saying that she has fallen in love with cooking after doing the show. So much so that she'll be back doing a segment on the channel's "Cupcake Wars" as a judge.
Ron Alexenburg's track record in industry of recruiting talent for Epic is certainly legendary growing the label from $6.5 to $300 million over seven years in the Seventies. Charlie Daniels – a singer that Alexenburg brought to the label – performed his hit song 'The Devil Went Down to Georgia" that night. He introduced the noted industry executive.
Talking about the mega success of the album "Thriller" after bringing Michael Jackson to the label, Alexenburg said that there is no way you can plan an album like that .
"Michael called me and asked 'how are we doing?'" Alexenburg said.
Blowing past gold and platinum status he told Jackson, "I think this is going to be uranium."
He said he was "fortunate" to have signed Jackson.
"That's an artist whose music will last forever," he said.
Also inducted were Joe Butler and Steve Boone from The Lovin' Spoonful, Ira Maltz, a concert security specialist and his company CSS, songwriters Ervin Drake and Ellie Greenwich, composer Leo Kraft, The Thunderbird Sisters from the Shinnecock Indian Nation, the Jones Beach Theater venue, heavy metal band Suffocation, Jazz pianist Randy Weston and radio station WALK.
This year's music educators of note were former Director of Music Education for Northport-East Northport Union Free School District Robert W. Krueger and retired department chair at East Meadow High School William Katz.
Faith said that they just about sold out the Paramount, calling it the best turnout they've ever had. Overall, he thinks it was a good night.
"We'll see later but I think we did really well," he said.
Faith said that the Hall of Fame ceremonies and forthcoming museum in Port Jefferson will help people realize what music on Long Island is all about.
"We're helping to change perception," he said. "I think we're helping to put the focus on Long Island."


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Holtkotter 6515 AWH Single Light Dimmable Floor Lamp with Alabaster White Glass Shade from the Aging Eye Collection
We still have product details, accessories, and reviews below, scroll down to see them!
Technical Specs
|Installation Guide
|Bulb Base
|Bulb Type
|Aging Eye
|Finish Application
|Brushed, Polished, Satin
|Light Direction
|Down Lighting, Up / Down Lighting
|Number of Bulbs
|Suggested Room Fit
|Foyer, Living Room, Office
|Swing Arm
|Watts Per Bulb
Holtkotter 6515 AWH Aging Eye Single Light Dimmable Floor Lamp with Alabaster White Glass Shade
This modern floor lamp with a hand-blown glass shade adds style and versatility to virtually any decor. The 6515 floor lamp has innovative dimming technology - turn the stem and the lamp dims. Additionally, this lamp is equipped with a 100 Watt Halogen bulb by Osram for the best light quality. Due to the unique qualities of hand-blown glass, slight variations in color are to be expected.
- Alabaster White Hand-Blown Glass Shade
- Turn the Stem to Dim
- Contemporary Design
- Requires (1) x 100 Watt Halogen Line Voltage Bayonet Base Bulb
- Height: 43.5"
- Width: 7.25"
- Base Width: 8"
Holtkötter has been manufacturing chandeliers and lamps in Germany for more than 40 years. They are one of a handful of companies left that still designs their own fixtures and does their own manufacturing from the raw metal to the finished product, resulting in chandeliers and lamps of lasting quality. Holtkötter emphasizes that their reason for being is defined by their manufacturing tradition, by their manufacturing expertise, and by their dedication to quality. Holtkötter's future will be shaped by their continued devotion to the technical, functional and design challenges of lighting.
Additional Holtkotter Links
- View Manufacturer Warranty
- Shop All Holtkotter Products
- Shop All Holtkotter Aging Eye Collection Products
Our SKU: 6515 AWH
*Denotes a finish or option that has been discontinued
Warranty Info
Holtkötter International, Inc. warrants its products free from defects in materials and workmanship. Under this limited warranty, Holtkötter International, Inc., upon receipt of written notice of a claim, shall, at its option, repair or replace warranted products at no charge. This limited warranty is for one year from the date of shipment by Holtkötter International, Inc. This limited warranty is in lieu of any and all other warranties either expressed or implied, including but not limited to, those of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.
Retail Customer
If you are a retail customer, contact your Authorized Holtkötter Dealer. Your Authorized Holtkötter Dealer will initiate the warranty work for you.
Authorized Holtkötter Dealer
If you are an Authorized Holtkötter Dealer, we will resolve a problem with our product due to a defect in material or workmanship during our one year warranty period in one of the following ways:
1. If the fixture can be repaired by you with a reasonable effort, we will send you the parts that you need free of charge.
2. If the fixture cannot be repaired by you or one of our sales representatives, our "REPAIR AND RETURN SERVICE" is available.
The Holtkötter "Repair and Return Service" works as follows:
a) We will issue a "Repair and Return Authorization" (R&R) to your company. The R&R will specify how you need to return the fixture to us (e.g. UPS Call Tag, Freight Company Pick-up, etc.)
b) If not otherwise instructed, we will need to receive the fixture back complete (including reflector kit, bulb, dimmer, canopy set, etc.) and in good condition. The lamp/lighting fixture needs to be packaged appropriately.
c) If you do not have the original packing materials, please notify our office and we will send you a packing kit. Include a short note (on the R&R or any sheet of paper) of what you think the problem is.
3. If the fixture cannot be repaired by us, we will send you a new fixture free of charge.
The Holtkötter "Repair and Return Service" is available after the expiration of the warranty for a nominal charge.


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adenine ad·e·nine (ād'n-ēn', -ĭn)
Abbr. A
A purine base that is a constituent of DNA and RNA and an important energy transport and storage component in cellular metabolism.
|adenine (ād'n-ēn') Pronunciation Key
A purine base that is a component of DNA and RNA, forming a base pair with thymine in DNA and with uracil in RNA. Adenine is also part of other biologically important compounds, such as ATP, NAD, and vitamin B-12, and occurs in tea. Chemical formula: C5H5N5.


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Main navigation | Main content
These courses provide information and hands-on practice in workplace skills such as facilitating meetings, making presentations, and managing time. If you have difficulty registering for these courses, please contact email@example.com.
Spring, 2014 date TBD
210 Donhowe
The University is host to many students and staff from other parts of the world. In this lively session, International Student and Scholar Services will provide a whirlwind tour of the globe by addressing a series of questions, including general questions such as:
As well as specific questions such as:
Bring your own questions and hear directly from a student panel about their impressions of the U.S. and U of MN.
Spring, 2014 date TBD
210 Donhowe
Many of us strive to find practical tips and specific skills for being more effective in our communication with people from different cultures. In this session, you'll explore some of the most common cultural differences encountered, identify your own communication style preferences, and gain concrete ideas for your next steps in developing your intercultural competence.
April 23 & 30, 2014
9:00am - 12:00pm
210 Donhowe
Conflict Fluency Resources
The Root of All Conflict
In this two-part workshop, we will explore different models and approaches to conflict and the ways in which you can gain conflict fluency. "Conflict fluency" is the ability to interact and engage with conflict in intentional and effective ways. Participants will increase their understanding of how conflict can be constructively engaged and managed and the ways in which positive outcomes can occur as a result of conflict.
In Part One, participants will explore models and tools as applied to various conflict situations in order to:
In Part Two, participants will continue to explore models and tools in order to:
There is a $12 fee for this course to cover the ICS instrument.
Spring, 2014 date TBD
210 Donhowe
Major transitions at work are becoming more and more common. This session will outline how change and transition affect your work and personal life. This session will introduce transition and change models and allow time to practice with tools that will help you be successful in changing times.
Participants will:
Supervisors and team leaders play a key role in ensuring that change and transition occur smoothly and successfully. This session will provide the tools you need to effectively manage transitions and change within your work group.
Spring, 2014 date TBD
210 Donhowe
Participants will:
This session will use the StrengthsQuest/StrengthsFinder assessment to help you explore your strengths and how you apply them to accomplish your goals and be an effective team member. The StrengthsQuest/StrengthsFinder assessment can be an effective tool for helping people identify their talents and apply them on the job. This two-hour course provides an opportunity to complete the assessment and explore the results with others.
Participants will:
There is a $9 fee for the StrengthsQuest/StrengthsFinder assessment, payable by EFS# or check. The assessment must be purchased and completed at least one week prior to the workshop. After payment is received, you will receive your personal code approximately two weeks before the workshop.
Spring, 2014 dates TBD
Register for Your Strengths at Work


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Metal News
Metals news continually updated from thousands of sources around the net.
1 hr ago | News Times
Wheelabrator sold to private equity firm for $1.9 billion
Overhead crane operator Luis Rullan guides a giant claw to pick up trash at Wheelabrator's Bridgeport Resco waste-to-energy plant in Bridgeport, Conn.
Popular Stories
5 hrs ago | Benzinga
Dow Suffers 300 Point Drop; S&P 500 And NASDAQ Also Tumble
Unable to reach a last-minute settlement, Argentina defaulted on its debt obligations.
9 hrs ago | Business Journal
RTI researcher: Behavioral science could help secure the border
A researcher at Research Triangle Park-based RTI International thinks so. RTI researcher Joseph Eyerman spoke before members of a congressional subcommittee about the role technology could play on securing the border - a hot-button issue as immigration continues to dominate headlines nationwide.
9 hrs ago | Crain's Cleveland Business
Chart Industries Inc. lowers its sales and earnings guidance for 2014
Chart Industries Inc. has again lowered its sales and earnings guidance for 2014.
11 hrs ago | WFIE-TV Evansville
New jobs coming to Henderson Co. with Century Aluminum smelter expansion
Century Aluminum announced Thursday that it is investing $3 million in an expansion of their Sebree aluminum smelter, located in Henderson County.
16 hrs ago | Sys-Con Media
Showa Denko to Acquire Air Products' High-Purity Chlorine Business in Taiwan
To Strengthen Special Material Gas Business by Transfer from Air Products San Fu, Taiwan Tokyo, July 31, 2014 - - Showa Denko K.K. has decided to acquire a high-purity chlorine business in Taiwan, in order to strengthen its special material gas business.
20 hrs ago | Seeking Alpha
Q2 Earnings Preview: Molycorp Could Lose $180MM - $200MM, And That's The Upside Case
A potential net loss of $180 million to $200 million could send bulls running for cover.
Air Lease: Excellent Long Term Growth Potential
The company is benefiting from strong growth trends in the industry and is expected to double its fleet size in the next six to seven years.
North American Palladium Announces Second Quarter 2014 Results and Provides Update on Exploration
North American Palladium Ltd. today announced the operating, development, exploration and financial results for the second quarter ended June 30, 2014 .
Casablanca Capital Claiming Victory in Cliffs Natural Resources Dispute
Mineweb reported today that fund manager Casablanca Capital has stated that its six nominees have been elected to the board of directors of Cliffs Natural Resources .
North American Palladium (PAL) Announces Quarterly Earnings Results, Misses Estimates By $0.01 EPS
North American Palladium posted its quarterly earnings results on Wednesday. The company reported earnings per share for the quarter, missing the consensus estimate of by $0.01, AnalystRatings.NET reports.
Molycorp: Worst Fears Materializing As China Plans Challenge To Expiry Of Neo Patents
Chinese exports could negatively affect the price of Neo and with it, Molycorp's turnaround efforts.
Rio's Turquoise Hill Unit to Sell 29.95% of Coal Miner SouthGobi
Turquoise Hill Resources Ltd. , the Mongolian coal miner controlled by Rio Tinto Group, agreed to sell 29.95 percent of SouthGobi Resources Ltd. for C$25.5 million .
Daily Dividend Report: IBM, EXC, WYNN, ENR, CLF, VLO, CR, DK
Exelon Corporation declared a regular quarterly dividend of $0.31 per share on Exelon's common stock.
Alabama 'very attractive' as Southeast gains attention from international businesses and manufacturers
Business leaders who call Alabama home know how much the state has to offer in terms of economic development potential.
The end of Cliffs in the Ring of Fire?
A New York hedge fund proclaims it's won a bitter proxy fight with Cliffs Natural Resources to achieve majority control of the Ohio iron ore and coal miner's board of directors.
Press release distribution, EDGAR filing, XBRL, regulatory filings
For the second qua... )--Crossbar, Inc., a start-up company pioneering a new category of very high capacity and high-performance non-volatile memory, will feature its RRAM technology a... )--Ryder System, Inc. , a leader in commercial fleet management and supply chain management solutions, today announced the launch of its new "Keep It Cool" ... (more)
Waste Management selling subsidiary for $1.94B
It is selling Wheelabrator Technologies Inc., which owns or runs 17 waste-to-energy facilities and four independent power-producing plants in the U.S. The business also has four ash monofill landfills, three transfer stations and an ongoing development and construction project in the U.K. Wheelabrator's 2013 revenue totaled about $845 million.
SDK and BIA Separations Expanding Their Co-operation
BIA Separations GmbH and its co-owner and trusted business partner Showa Denko K. K. decided to facilitate the access and secure the long term supply of the BIA Separations products and their applications in the following counties: Australia, Brunei, Cambodia, Fiji, Indonesia, Japan, Kiribati, North Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, ... (more)
NioCorp Announces Board Update
Mr. Morris is currently Chairman of the Board of Heritage Oaks Bankcorp where he has been serving as a Director since 2001.
Updated: Thu Jul 31, 2014 09:20 pm
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