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Joined: 26 Apr 2010
Posts: 107
Posted: Fri Sep 20, 2013 9:32 am
Post subject: Foiling
So, foiling makes the AC72 do 3x windspeed, allows Hydroptere to do over 50knots, makes Moths much faster, makes kiteboards faster, but on windsurfers, maybe only faster in the lightest air, or equally fast as Formula? Why not more advantage to foiling a windsurfer?
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Joined: 02 May 2000
Posts: 958
Location: Jersey Shore
Posted: Fri Sep 20, 2013 10:37 am
Post subject:
Probably because there is not enough reduction in drag between fully planing and foiling to make much of a difference. When a catamaran like an AC72 or a boat like a Moth isn't foiling, it's in displacement mode. The difference in drag between displacement sailing and foiling is huge. When a boat is sailing in displacement mode, the hull has to move an amount of water equal to the boat's weight every time it moves one boat length. Once it pops up on the foils, that all goes away and the drop in drag is huge.
A windsurfer on full plane is not bound by the rules of displacement sailing and only a very small amount of board area is in contact with the water, so very little drag to begin with. Riding on a foil probably has the potential to be slightly lower drag than riding on a flat planing surface, but the downside is a craft which is much more difficult to control. In order to make the foil controllable, all the foiling windsurfers I've seen have tabs and extra control surfaces which add more drag (looks like a stingray stuck on the bottom of the fin). So a planing windsurfer already has the advantage of a low-drag and very controllable hull. Another downside to foiling on a windsurfer is that as the board lifts out of the water, less of the fin is in contact with the water, so leeway angle would increase which lowers speed. The end plate effect between the bottom of the board and the fin is also lost.
I'm sure if even a fraction of the AC72 budget was put towards developing foiling windsurfers, there would be some advancements made, but at this point the development just isn't there to make any significant improvements over a fully planing windsurfer.
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Joined: 10 Sep 2000
Posts: 2685
Posted: Fri Sep 20, 2013 12:26 pm
Post subject:
I'm not a physics guy so I can't give any technical explanations, but after watching and sailing with a kite foil close hand in marginal conditions I think part of the reason a kite foil works better than a windsurfing foil is getting underway. The kite boarder can fly or direct his kite overhead and get immediate lift so he is riding the foil even before planing. The kite board was being pulled up than forward on his foil. A windsurfer would have to schlog first & build up enough speed to get up on the foil which would take more time, effort & probably skill than with the kite.
The huge advantage I see on the kite foil is in up wind down wind sailing in choppy conditions. The kite foil just glides through like it is on flat water. I'm guessing a windsurfing foil would be more efficient going up/down wind as well rather than on a beam reach. The other advantage of the kite foil is in changing directions as they don't have to worry about flipping sail or changing feet. I can't imagine trying to jibe a windsurfing foil.
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Joined: 03 Jul 2009
Posts: 4069
Location: East Bay
Posted: Fri Sep 20, 2013 1:53 pm
Post subject:
Both you guys are correct, based on my observations.
I rode RichMiller's double wing foil windsurf board, and while starting out, tacking, and going in a straight line were pretty basic, the jibe did take a drawn out balancing act. Upwind and downwind were advantages, pure boat speed not, as a planing windsurf board goes across the chop, not into or away from the windswells.
I haven't kited since '01, but in PuertoRico, while 5 Formula guys watched from the seawall behind me, we watched a foil kiteboarder go from PuntaLasMarias down 3 miles to Condato, and back, in around 47 minutes. I wasn't impressed, I don't course slalom. But all 5 Formula guys were.
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Joined: 23 Apr 2009
Posts: 217
Posted: Fri Sep 20, 2013 3:19 pm
Post subject:
Also not a fluid dynamics guy, but I'm guessing top foil craft speeds are more or less the result of the ratio between sail area and vessel weight. If you can make this ratio high you can use a smaller foil (less drag) to create lift. For windsurfers the rider weight means we need a pretty big draggy foil to create lift in comparison to the relatively tiny foils that the ac72s can use.
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Joined: 10 Apr 2000
Posts: 111
Posted: Fri Sep 20, 2013 4:18 pm
Post subject:
you may have possibly overlooked "design speed" as a factor there. the AC's seem to be optimized between 12~16 knots. say at 17 knots they are moving right along, catching a chance gust puts them well into the 50's. once it starts getting into the 20's their speed drops noticeably back down into the 40's. there's no increase in water resistance so what is with that?? i'm not so sure their foils are 'relatively' smaller than say a formula fin and the tiny, intermittent contact patch of board
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Joined: 02 Apr 2000
Posts: 479
Posted: Sat Sep 21, 2013 7:05 pm
Post subject:
bred2shred wrote:
Probably because there is not enough reduction in drag between fully planing and foiling to make much of a difference.
I was also inspired by watching the Americas Cup to do some web research on foil windsurfing. It looks like AHD is trying to market a foil board with a $7000 price tag. In the right conditions there are definite advantages, but overall not worth the extra effort and expense for me.
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Joined: 02 May 2000
Posts: 958
Location: Jersey Shore
Posted: Sat Sep 21, 2013 7:54 pm
Post subject:
Watching the guys riding the foiling boards, it just doesn't look like they're able to get into a really locked in, powered up stance. They are standing over the board. I think that is probably really limiting their speed. If you look at the placement of the fin on the foil boards, its much farther forward than it would normally be because the center of lift of the foil has to be under the CG of the board. With the fin placed forward, you can't drive off the back foot in a locked in stance as you would with a "normal" board. Also, with the board riding so high, most of the fin is out of the water meaning not much lateral resistance to drive against. Maybe they should put the lifting foils in the middle of the fin rather than all the way at the bottom. Anyway, I think these would be some main contributing factors as to why a foiling board is not much faster (or even slower) than an equivalent slalom board. Plus the lifting foil, stabilizing foil and connecting fuselage/bulb are probably equal or greater drag than a small flat planing surface. It's just a lot of "stuff" to be dragging through the water.
It definitely looks cool though, and I'm really impressed at the amount of engineering that went into the assembly, really slick.
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Joined: 02 Apr 2000
Posts: 479
Posted: Sat Sep 21, 2013 8:17 pm
Post subject:
I was thinking that a very small foil, more of a winglet, at the tip of a regular fin might give just enough extra lift to the tail without adding to the drag and be enough to create a phase between planing and foiling just above the surface of the water.
I just need to find someone to build the prototype.
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Joined: 02 May 2000
Posts: 958
Location: Jersey Shore
Posted: Sat Sep 21, 2013 9:39 pm
Post subject:
hilton08 wrote:
I was thinking that a very small foil, more of a winglet, at the tip of a regular fin might give just enough extra lift to the tail without adding to the drag and be enough to create a phase between planing and foiling just above the surface of the water.
Problem is that a "regular" fin sits behind the center of gravity of the board, behind your feet. If you just stick a lifting foil on the tip of a fin, I suspect the result will be that the tail will lift and the nose will be driven down (or even more likely, you'll just create a bunch of drag). The center of lift has to be farther forward, somewhere between the rider's feet would be my guess. That way you can control the pitch of the board by weighting your front or back foot to keep everything in trim.
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text:
VIII. Coming to Baltimore: A Selected Bibliography on Immigration
[Dean Krimmel (410-467-2128), March 1999]
Anderson, Patricia D. "Maryland's Ethnic Organizations." Maryland Geneological Society Bulletin 34 (1993): pp. 263-268.
Blum, Isidor. The Jews of Baltimore: An Historical Summary of Their Progress and Status as Citizens of Baltimore fromEarly Days to the Year Nineteen Hundred and Ten. Baltimore and Washington, DC: Historical Review Publishing Co., 1910.
Caraveli, Anna. Scattered in Foreign Lands: A Greek Village in Baltimore. Baltimore: Baltimore Museum of Art, 1985.
Carrick, Diane. "Residential Persistance of Baltimore's Italians," 1880-1920. M.A., University of Maryland, 1977.
Chin, Leslie. History of Chinese-Americans in Baltimore. Baltimore: Greater Baltimore Chinese-American Bicentennial Committee, c. 1976.
Cholochwost, Thomas. "Baltimore's Polish Pioneers." Maryland Magazine of Genealogy 5 (1982): pp. 3-7.
——————-. "The Emergence of Baltimore's Polonia." Polish Heritage 35 (1984): p. 12.
Cunz, Dieter. The Maryland Germans, A History. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1948.
Echterkamp, Jörg. "Emerging Ethnicity: The German Experience in Antebellum Baltimore." Maryland Historical Magazine 86 (Spring 1991): pp. 1-22.
Esslinger, Dean R. "Baltimore: Symbolic Sentinel" in Gail Stern, ed. Freedom's Doors: Immigrants and Ports of Entry to the United States. Philadelphia: The Balch Institute Press, 1986. (pp. 35-46.)
—————-. "Immigration through the Port of Baltimore" in Mark Stolarik, ed., Forgotten Doors: The Other Ports of Entry into the United States. Philadelphia: The Balch Institute Press, 1988. (pp. 61-78.)
Fein, Isaac M. The Making of an American Jewish Community: The History of Baltimore Jewry from 1773 to 1920. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1970.
Fenchak, Paul et al. The Ukranians of Maryland. Baltimore: Ukranian Education Association of Maryland, Inc., [1978?].
Guertler, John T. and Adele M. Newberger. The Records of Baltimore's Private Organizations New York: Garland Publishing Company, 1981.
Hobbs, Donald Austin. "The Impact of Immigrant Groups on the Public School System of Baltimore." M.A., University of Maryland, 1960.
Kornbluh, Andrea T. "From Culture to Cuisine: Twentieth-Century Views on Race and Ethnicity in the City," in Howard Gillette Jr and Zane Miller American Urbanism A Historigraphical Review. Greenwich, CN: Greenwood Press, 1987. (pp.49-72) [An interesting non-Baltimore source; EPFL cat #: HT 123.A6665 1987]
Luckey, George B. "America's Largest Immigrant Pier," Book of the Royal Blue VII (July 1904), pp.1-10. [Published by the Passenger Department, B&O Railroad]
Neils, Kathleen Mary. "Trade Relations Between Bremen and Baltimore during the 1830s." M.A., University of Delaware, 1966.
Olson, Sherry H. Baltimore: The Building of an American City. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1980.
Prevas, Nicholas M. History of the Greek Orthodox Cathedral of Annunciation, Baltimore, Maryland. Baltimore: John D. Lucas, 1982.
Reilly, Sara Jean. "The Italian Immigrants: 1920-1930: A Case Study in Baltimore." M.A., Johns Hopkins University, 1962. [Full study of settlement organizations, etc.]
Rosenwaike, Ira. "The Jews of Baltimore: 1810-1820." American Jewish Historical Quarterly 67 (1977): pp. 101-24.
Swanson, Mary. "A Study of the Polish Organizations of Baltimore." M.A., Johns Hopkins University, 1925.
Sweeney, M. Rosewin. "Sonny Mahon and Baltimore's Irish Machine: Ethnic Politics in a Semi-Southern Setting." M.A., Johns Hopkins University, 1979.
Tepper, Michael. American Passenger Arrival Records A Guide to the Records of Immigrants Arriving at American Ports by Sail and Steam Baltimore: Geneological Publishing Company, 1988. [Includes important information about Baltimore, as well as a good overview of the period of mass migration.]
Torrieri, Nancy. "Residential Dispersal and the Surival of the Italian Community in Metropolitan Baltimore, 1920-1980." Ph.D., University of Maryland, 1982.
Votto, LeRoy. "Social Dynamics in a Boom Town: The Scots-Irish in Baltimore, 1760-1790." M.A., University of Virginia, 1969.
Williams, Harold A. History of the Hibernian Society of Baltimore, 1803-1957. Baltimore: Hibernian Society of Baltimore, 1957.
Wust, Klaus G. Zion in Baltimore, 1755-1955. Baltimore: Zion Church of the City of Baltimore, 1955.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
CHARLOTTE, N.C. -- These days, when you get something in in your email, or even snail mail, promising you "found money", you probably think "total scam."
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Back to Mark and his story, he did the same thing on the Florida site and confirmed he had $309 waiting for him. He entered his personal information to confirm who he was and that was it!
Mark says "I'm going to get it, but there is a lag time, it's going through processing and will take four to six weeks, but the real story here is that people can do it for free."
If you have moved a lot, check every state you've lived since you began working. You might get back as little as $20, or hundreds like Mark.
Or even thousands.


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While playing hardball seems to be working to maximize the chances for decent Wall Street reform, the finesse game appears to be working in the climate debate.
On the heels of President Obama's offshore drilling plan Washington Post's Steven Pearlstein reports today that the main oil lobby may take a neutral position on the forthcoming Kerry-Graham-Lieberman clean energy jobs and climate protection bill:
Although the Senate bill retains the cap-and-trade structure of the House bill, it would apply, at least initially, only to electric power producers, with other manufacturers coming under the regime after 2016. The oil and gas industry would be handled under a separate regime that requires refiners to buy emissions permits for all the carbon contained in the gasoline or other fuels they sell — in effect, a fee or tax on carbon. The amount of the fee would be determined by the price at which carbon emissions allowances are bought or sold by utilities on open exchanges. And while the fee would almost certainly be passed on to consumers in the form of higher fuel prices, most of it would be rebated through payroll and other tax credits. By paying more for energy and less for taxes, the idea is that Americans will use less energy and wind up with roughly the same amount of money to spend on everything else.
While there are still some details to be ironed about, there is a good chance that the bill will gain the support of oil giants BP, Shell and ConocoPhillips, along with major electric utilities and industrial corporations. There's even a chance the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and the American Petroleum Institute, heretofore implacable foes of climate legislation, will take a neutral stand on the Senate bill now that so many of their concerns have been addressed and so many of their members find the measure acceptable.
Most major environmental groups, meanwhile, got a pep talk Thursday at the White House from Chief of Staff Rahm Emanuel and other administration officials. Many of them have misgivings about nuclear power and increased oil and gas drilling … In the end, however, most environmentalists will support the Kerry-Graham compromise.
As I wrote two weeks ago, getting Big Oil to refrain from bankrolling all-out opposition to climate protection legislation would be evidence that Obama's drilling move was crafty politics:
…if this move doesn't actually lead to significant coastal drilling, but calms the oil lobby — which was already expressing openness to a climate compromise that levies a carbon tax on them instead of an emissions cap — and helps cobble together a Senate supermajority around a workable bill, then it would be nothing-for-something.
Now, we still don't know the details of the climate compromise and if it represents a workable framework for cutting carbon that can be strengthened over time, or a complete undermining of core principles. We don't know yet how BIg Oil will react once the details are known.
So it's still too early to judge whether the President and congressional leaders are on the right track with their political maneuvering. But it's hard to knock the fact that they've been able to bring an extremely disparate group of constituencies to the table.


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Genoa is often just a quick stop-over for those travelling to the Italian Riviera or Cinque Terre, but the city itself has much to offer. For centuries, this former merchant republic was as wealthy as Venice and still boasts a historic city centre packed with charming alleyways, marble palaces and Baroque churches.
Genoa is perfect for a lazy stroll as you peruse the shops or enjoy a cup of Italian coffee in one of the many espresso bars. Sip a cappuccino with a view of the black and white striped San Lorenzo Cathedral. Or enjoy a ristretto by the harbour, where a Spanish galleon from the film Pirates by Roman Polanski has become a popular attraction. You will find Genoa's vibrant heart in the maze of streets in the centro storico, the historic city centre, which exudes both a medieval and a 17th-century Baroque atmosphere.
The city centre boasts a wealth of 16th- and 17th-century palaces, a reminder of Genoa's affluent trade history. The Via Garibaldi (once known as the Strada Nuova, or the new street) in particular is lined with palazzi built for rich merchants, bankers and ship owners. Various palaces boast lovely courtyards, decorated with frescos and ornate plaster work that are open to the public. Other palazzi now house museums that display large collections of paintings by famous Italian, Spanish and Flemish artists. This includes the Palazzo Rossi, Palazzo Doria Tursi and the Palazzo Reale.
A maritime power, Genoa received many important international guests; the city's wealthiest families took turns hosting these guests. All palaces that were part of this system were on an official list, the so-called rollo. Hence the term Palazzi dei Rolli. In 2006, 42 of these city palaces were placed on the World Heritage list.
Built right against the hills by the ocean, Genoa is known as the vertical city. Narrow lanes with steps offer beautiful views of the lower part of the city. Cable cars transport visitors to higher viewpoints. The square bell tower of the San Lorenzo Cathedral is one of the most recognisable landmarks in the centre of town. Parts of the church date back to 1118. Similar to other famous churches in Liguria and Tuscany, the cathedral is made from white and black marble, which gives the duomo a very majestic appearance. Near the duomo lies the only large square in the city centre, the Piazza De Ferrari. This square with its large fountain is a popular meeting place.
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LocationBrownstown, MI
17277 Racho Rd
Brownstown, MI 48193
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|8000 lbs
|Gross Weight
|20500 lbs
|Fresh Water Capacity
|50 gals
|Grey Water Capacity
|86 gals
|Black Water Capacity
|67 gals
|Tire Size
|Furnace BTU
|35000 btu
|Onan 5500
|Fuel Type
|6.8L Triton V10
|Ford F-53
|320 hp
|Fuel Capacity
|80 gals
|208 in
|Number Of Bunks
|Available Beds
|460 ft-lb
|Refrigerator Type
|Double Door
|Cooktop Burners
|Shower Size
|24" x 36"
|Number of Awnings
|LP Tank Capacity
|Water Heater Capacity
|10 gal
|Water Heater Type
|DSI Gas/Electric
|15000 btu
|Basement Storage
|83 cu. ft.
|TV Info
|LR 40" LED TV, BR 32" LED TV, Ext. 32" LED TV
|Awning Info
|14' Power
|Gross Combined Weight
|26000 lbs
|Shower Type
|Electrical Service
|30 amp
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text:
(Phoenix, Ariz. – March 21, 2005) Attorney General Terry Goddard today warned consumers not to use unapproved home-use diagnostic test kits that have been made available over the Internet by Canadian firm Globus Media. The manufacturer claims these kits will detect everything from pregnancy to Dengue Fever to marijuana use.
Goddard cautioned consumers that the Federal Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved these home-use kits and are not approved for sale in the United States.
"Consumers using these home-use kits might get false results that could lead unfavorable health consequences," Goddard said. "If someone has recently ordered one of these kits and used it, he or she should visit their primary care doctor and get retested."
The Globus Media home-use kits are labeled as:
- Rapid HIV Test Kit
- Rapid Syphilis Test Kit
- One Step Cassette Style Cocaine Test
- One Step Cassette Style Marijuana (THC) Test
- One Step Cassette Style Amphetamine Test
- Rapid Dengue Fever Test
- One Step Midstream Style HCG Urine (Home)
- Pregnancy Test
The home-use kits are sent in a paper envelope with instructions inside the packaging, and the type of kit appears on the instructions. The FDA also stated that no home-use test kits intended for diagnosing HIV, syphilis, and dengue fever are approved for sale in the U.S. For more information about these home-use kits, please visit the FDA Web site at www.fda.gov.
Please visit the Arizona Attorney General's website at www.azag.gov for additional information about scam alerts and advisories.


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These pendulous subcutaneous periumbilical masses were attributed to 31 years of insulin injection to manage type 1 diabetes. Lipohypertrophy can be associated with glycemic flux and prevented by rotating injection sites.
I tweeted about this. Finally! Maybe now we can look at this poor fella instead of the woman in panties with the melon sized lumps on her thighs, that we got to see in just about every book and lecture given by this man. It seems that TWICHOOB's are going to have to resort to the primative weapons in their Insurgency, the lowly syringe. Because, of course, we know that *every* diabetic gains weight when they start insulin therapy. Firstly, part of this is the correction of a pathological state. Secondly, not every diabetic, T1 or T2 gains weight. Often, when they do, they gain in the early stages of therapy as they adjust and learn the appropriate dosages to prevent hypoglycemia which is notorious for prompting overeating. Unfortunately no amount of demonstrating that insulin in and of itself does not increase fat mass or cause weight gain seems to be enough for the most entrenched TWICHOOB's. Stephan just put another nail in that coffin, but General Eenfeldt is doing his best to at least hold down the Scandanavian fort in comments.
I almost feel sorry for Gary Taubes. Nobody really wants anyone to end up that bitter demented old man (his words) muttering to himself because nobody would listen to him. But he could have saved himself from that fate were he a more objective science journalist. Somewhere, somehow, he became convinced that all obesity researchers are idiots, and somehow, they knew all the answers in pre-war Germany. We are to believe there's a massive conspiracy has prevented one of the most desperate populations on the earth -- obese people -- from discovering the simple cause of and cure for their condition. Yes, 40 years after Atkins first popularized his diet, we're all just sheeples listening to our government and all their wrong advice.
Folks the death of TWICHOO is not what's being exaggerated, it's the validity and acceptance of the hypothesis in the first place that was. Not one single obesity researcher signed the petition. Why not? Oh yeah, they're all idiots, and Stephan Guyenet foremost among them apparently because earning his degree has caused him to go insane. Why We Get Fat didn't sell nearly as many copies as I'm sure Taubes and his publisher had hoped and it's been four years of relentless lecturing and interviewing and promotion of this hypothesis -- by an increasingly militant and vocal faction I might add -- since GCBC came out. And yet 2011 was not a good year for the hypothesis, even as some degree of carbohydrate restriction is becoming more recognized by the mainstream as a means to the end of weight loss. For those who don't "get me" this is what it boils down to. Low carb is a legitimate and effective means to lose weight for many, and, for some, to maintain that loss. But to employ this strategy one need not throw common sense, their knowledge of science and their intelligence out the window and buy into the fantasy that is TWICHOO. Gary Taubes will have to be satisfied with being a footnote in history on this one. He's only prolonging the inevitable with his NuSI initiative, and this "War on Insulin" Insurgency is preposterous. He'd do better to open a chain of WW-styled weight loss centers employing a low carb approach.


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The ThinkGeek WiiHelm
Buy this and earn
revolutionaryGeek PointsGeek Points is a program to reward you, our incredibly cool customers, for shopping with us! The more you shop, the more points you can earn towards some pretty nifty rewards.
The gaming sensation that's sweeping the nation. No arms required!Read more...
Look Ma! No Hands!
The Nintendo Wii has surely revolutionized gaming as we know it. Rabid fanboys everywhere are now flailing their arms in delight as they wield the Wiimote as a tennis racket, baseball bat or sword. Problem is the average gaming geek is just not up to the strenuous task of vigorous arm movement for longer than 10 minutes. This makes those extended play sessions a thing of the past... and who wants to beef up at the gym just to play video games on your couch? We sure don't.
Fortunately for cream puffs everywhere the WiiHelm is now available at ThinkGeek. Simply lock your existing Wiimote into the stylish white helmet and free your hands for relaxation... or other important tasks. After extensive scientific study it was found that manipulating muscles in your neck for 10 minutes uses 64% less energy than waving your arms about like a lunatic. The WiiHelm works great with all of your favorite Wii games and the included foot pedal allows easy button presses using minimal toe effort. Plus the amazing Wiimote Saf-T-Lok technology and double reinforced head strap save you thousands of dollars in damaged flat-screen repair charges.
Important Note:
The WiiHelm does not include a Wii console or controller. You need to supply your own, or trade your PS3 for a Wii on eBay. Games requiring the Nunchuck are currently not supported by the WiiHelm*
The WiiHelm In Action!
Product Features


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Compressed Zip File
Be sure that you have an application to open this file type before downloading and/or purchasing.
★ 1 Complete Flip book for 'er'- black and white
★ 1 Complete Flip book for 'er'- colour
★ Instructions on how to use the flip books and how to cut and glue them together are included (see preview for more details)
You will need to:
★ Print the flip books in black and white or colour & go! No prep!
★ Scissors and glue if making the flip books with students
I like to use this product for:
→ Articulation at different levels
→ Carryover from therapy
→ Homework sheets
→ For students who don't qualify for therapy but need some support/p>
→ For parents or classroom aides to use
→ Small groups and individual students
Did you know there is a FREEBIE available that relates to this product?
'sn' flip bookWant to save money? Then this product is also available in bundles!
Articulation Flip Books- Vocalic 'r' / 'r' vowels
Like this product? Then you need to check out these other great resources in my store!
'r' blends flip book bundle
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Articulation Games Bundle- 6 HUGE products!.
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text: Shark finning thrives on Hong Kong's rooftopsUpdated 8:18 PM ET, Mon December 9, 2013 Chat with us in Facebook Messenger. Find out what's happening in the world as it unfolds. Photos: Shark finning is banned in several countries, but the trade is flourishing in Hong Kong, where the fins are used in shark fin soup, a dish considered a prestigious delicacy, and in some types of traditional Chinese medicine. Hong Kong accounts for 50% of the global shark fin trade, according to the WWF.Hide Caption 1 of 8 Photos: Many restaurants and hotels in Hong Kong have chosen not to serve shark fin soup, and last year a Chinese State Council said they are planning to ban shark fin soup from being served at official banquets in China.Hide Caption 2 of 8 Photos: Several thousand shark fins laid out to dry were found on the rooftop of a building housing seafood suppliers in Kennedy Town in central Hong Kong. Photographer Gary Stokes from the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society received a tip from an unnamed person earlier this year and took these pictures.Hide Caption 3 of 8 Photos: Shark finning is heavily criticized because of the world's dwindling shark populations, and because some fishermen cut off the fins and then throw the rest of the shark back into the water, dead or alive.Hide Caption 4 of 8 Photos: Shark fins used to be laid out to dry openly on ground level in Hong Kong, but finding another place to dry them -- out of sight of the public --might be a way for shark fin traders to avoid criticism.Hide Caption 5 of 8 Photos: Workers lay out and turn the fins. Stokes told CNN that the workers were "shocked" when the photographers walked out onto the roof on January 1.Hide Caption 6 of 8 Photos: "The big issue is that shark fins aren't illegal," Stokes said. According to the WWF, 181 shark and related species were listed as threatened with extinction in 2010.Hide Caption 7 of 8 Photos: The Sea Shepherd Conservation Society are hoping that CITES, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, will step in and provide better protection for some shark species.Hide Caption 8 of 8Powered by Livefyre


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Icelandic Law Students Visit Ohio Northern College of Law
Three Ohio Northern law students traveled to Columbus on Wednesday, October 24, 2012 with seven visiting law students from the University of Iceland in Reykjavik, Iceland. The Icelandic students spent a week in Ada as part of the Icelandic Legal Exchange Program (ILEP), which began at ONU in 1960. ILEP President Brandyn Butler (L3), Secretary Aryn Goempel (L1), and member Lauren Colby (L2) took the Icelandic students to Columbus to see the Chief Justice Thomas J. Moyer Ohio Judicial Center, which houses the Ohio Supreme Court, and the Ohio Statehouse. At the Supreme Court, the students were welcomed by Mindi Wells (JD 1998), former Assistant Dean for Administration and Student Affairs at Ohio Northern's College of Law. Mindi Wells now works as the Ohio Supreme Court's Assistant Administrative Director.
The tour of the Judicial Center ended in the oral argument room where the Icelandic students were given an explanation of federalism in the judiciary between state and federal courts as well as the election of judges, two things quite foreign to them. Melissa Baldwin (JD 1996), law clerk for Associate Justice Robert Cupp (JD 1976), answered questions about the state judicial and electoral processes.
The students also visited the office of Darrel Davison, Adjunct Professor of Law at Ohio Northern and Partner at Thompson Hine, LLC. Professor Davison explained the size of larger law firms in America. In Iceland, the largest law firm would have approximately 80-100 lawyers and that would be a rarity. The country with a population of only 320,000 does not house many of what Americans would consider "large firms."
The tour of Columbus was concluded with a visit to the Ohio Statehouse to see where the Ohio Senate and House of Representatives are housed. Icelandic students are not used to such a large legislative body, nor do they have bicameralism. The Icelandic Parliament consists of one house with sixty-three members; a much smaller house than the thirty-three Senators and ninety-nine Representatives that make up Ohio's General Assembly.
The Icelandic law students left Ada on October 28th to visit Washington, D.C. where they met Justice Antonin Scalia at the United States Supreme Court. They then returned to the capital city Reykjavik to resume their law studies.


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Commander Redbeard wrote:"My name is Haribier, Captain of this outpost. My apologies, Captain Anardan. Your trade will be welcome here. I'll send one of mine with you as a guide."
The Crusader soldiers stood aside and let the Forestmen pass, relaxing the grip on their battle-axes. As the Caravan continued on into the mist, a burly Crudader scout holding a spear loosely in his hands fell into the first rank.
Outside the Crusader city Farburg
As the Forestmen proceeded forward, Reno leaned toward Anardan. "I'm much oblidged, Anardan. You handled that very smoothly."
Anardan simply smiled and nodded.
The Forestmen caravan continued southward past the guard tower and into the city of Farburg. Reno smiled as he stared at the city, for this was the same Crusader town where he, Bjarn, Barbod, Willem and Drakko had hijacked the ship Shadow. His good eye wandered over the new features since he last saw it; the dock had been repaired long ago, and of course the guard tower they had just passed through was new. Before, Bjarn had been able to sneak into Farburg, "borrow" a cart, and return to the other Misfits without detection.
The caravan made it's way to the center of the city to where the main marketplace was located. Aros directed the unloading of wood and Shainya saw over bartering for food and other supplies while Reno again kept records. The trading continued well into the late afternoon, and by that time the Forestmen and Crusaders had become much friendlier toward one another. Age old differences were forgotten and new ties were made as the two newly formed allies traded and bartered for what they both needed most. At last, as the sun sank into the horizon, the last cords of timber was stored and the last basket of food and bolts of cloth was packed away in the cabin. As it was late, the Crusaders invited the Forestmen in their homes and had a merry sup together. Then the Forestmen slept on makeshift cots into the houses of generous Crusaders, glad of a good day's trading.
As Shainya drifted off into sleep, she realised BloodVaine had done one good thing amist his tyranny. He had brought old enemies together.


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bill Progress
- Not enactedThe President has not signed this bill
- The senate has not voted
- The house has not voted
Committee on AgricultureCommittee on Natural ResourcesIntroducedSeptember 8th, 2009
- house Committees
Bill DetailsOfficial information provided by the Congressional Research Service. Learn more or make a suggestion.
The Congressional Research Service writes summaries for most legislation. These summaries are listed here. Countable will update some legislation with a revised summary, title or other key elements.
Consolidated Land, Energy, and Aquatic Resources Act of 2010
Official Title
To provide greater efficiencies, transparency, returns, and accountability in the administration of Federal mineral and energy resources by consolidating administration of various Federal energy minerals management and leasing programs into one entity to be known as the Office of Federal Energy and Minerals Leasing of the Department of the Interior, and for other purposes.
Consolidated Land, Energy, and Aquatic Resources Act of 2010 - Title I: Creation of New Department of the Interior Agencies - (Sec. 101) Establishes within the Department of the Interior a Bureau of Energy and Resource Management (BERM) to administer a comprehensive program of nonrenewable and renewable energy and mineral resources management on the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) and designated public lands. Directs the Secretary of the Interior (Secretary) to create within the Bureau an independent office programmatically separate and distinct from leasing and permitting activities to: (1) carry out certain environmental studies of the impacts on the human, marine, and coastal environments of the OCS and the coastal areas which may be affected by oil and gas or other mineral development; and (3) conducts environmental analyses for BERM programs. Instructs the BERM Director to implement programs for the collection, evaluation, assembly, analysis, and dissemination of data and information relevant to BERM duties. (Sec. 102) Establishes within the Department a Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE) to perform functions, powers, and duties relating to safety and environmental enforcement related to nonrenewable and renewable energy and mineral resources on the OCS, federal public lands, and in the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska. Directs the Secretary to: (1) establish a National Oil and Gas Health and Safety Academy to train oil and gas inspectors; (2) work with educational institutions, operators, and representatives of oil and gas workers to develop adequate programs of administrative training and continuing education of inspectors or other Department personnel; (Sec. 103) Establishes within the Department an Office of Natural Resources Revenue (ONRR) to administer all royalty and revenue management functions, powers, and duties previously assigned to the Minerals Management Service. (Sec. 104) Requires the Secretary to certify annually that all Department personnel having regular, direct contact with lessees and operators as a function of their official duties are in full compliance with federal employee ethics laws and regulations. (Sec. 106) Abolishes the Minerals Management Service. (Sec. 108) Directs the Secretary to establish an Outer Continental Shelf Safety and Environmental Advisory Board, to provide independent scientific and technical advice on safe and environmentally compliant nonrenewable and renewable energy and mineral resource exploration, development, and production activities. (Sec. 109) States that nothing in this title shall delay development of ocean renewable energy resource facilities, including: (1) offshore wind development; (2) planning, leasing, licensing, and fee and royalty collection for such development; and (3) the leasing and licensing process for ocean renewable energy resource facilities. Title II: Federal Oil and Gas Development - Subtitle A: Safety, Environmental, and Financial Reform of the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act - Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act Amendments of 2010 - (Sec. 203) Revises the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (OCSLA) regarding: (1) jurisdiction of laws on the OCS; (2) regulatory standards governing blowout preventers, well design, and cementing programs; (3) procedures and regular testing of the emergency backup control systems before commencement of drilling operations; (4) independent third-party certification requirements; and (5) submission of state regulatory regimes. (Sec. 206) Requires the Secretary to: (1) review periodically the minimum financial responsibility requirements for leases; and (2) implement a comprehensive review of all components of the federal offshore oil and gas fiscal system. Requires a certification of responsible stewardship meeting specified due diligence, safety, and environmental requirements as a prerequisite for submission of bids or requests for leases, easements, rights-of-way, or drilling permits. Requires the Secretary, at least 60 days before any lease sale, to request a review by the Secretary of Commerce regarding any impacts on the marine and coastal environment of the proposed sale. (Sec. 207) Requires all sums paid either to the Secretary of the Interior or to the Secretary of the Navy under any OCS lease between June 5, 1950, and the enactment of this Act to be deposited in the Treasury and credited to miscellaneous receipts in specified allocations to: (1) the Land and Water Conservation Fund, (2) the Ocean Resources Conservation and Assistance Fund, and (3) the Historic Preservation Fund. (Sec. 208) Modifies the process for approving OCS geological and geophysical exploration plans. Requires approval of a plan within 90 days (currently 30 days) after its submission if certain criteria are met. Requires a plan to include a scenario for the potential blowout of the well involving the highest potential volume of liquid hydrocarbons, along with a complete description of a response plan to both control the blowout and to manage the accompanying discharge of hydrocarbons, including the likelihood for surface intervention to stop the blowout, the availability of a rig to drill a relief well, an estimate of the time it would take to drill a relief well, a description of other technology to regain control of the well or capture escaping hydrocarbons and the potential timeline for using that technology for its intended purpose, and the strategy, organization, and resources necessary to avoid harm to the environment and human health from hydrocarbons. Requires a plan also to analyze the potential impacts of the worst-case-scenario discharge of hydrocarbons upon marine, coastal, and human environments. Directs the Secretary to require that any lessee operating under an approved exploration plan obtain a permit before: (1) drilling any well in accordance with the plan; and (2) any significant modification of the well design as originally approved by the Secretary. Prohibits the Secretary from granting any drilling permit or modification of the permit before completion of: (1) a full engineering review of the well system, including a determination that critical safety systems, including blowout prevention, will utilize best available technology and include redundancy and remote triggering capability; or (2) a safety and environmental management plan that will be utilized by the operator during all well operations. Conditions the issuance of drilling permits upon a determination by the Secretary that the applicant has available oil spill response and clean-up equipment and technology capable of effectively remediating a worst-case release of oil. Requires the Secretary to treat either the approval or a significant revision of an exploration plan as an agency action requiring an environmental assessment or environmental impact statement in accordance with the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA). Requires the Secretary to disapprove an exploration plan if: (1) exceptional geological conditions in the lease areas, exceptional resource values in the marine or coastal environment, or other exceptional circumstances would probably cause serious harm or damage to life (including fish and other aquatic life), to property, to any mineral deposits (in areas leased or not leased), to the national security or defense, or to the marine, coastal, or human environments; (2) the threat of harm or damage will not disappear or decrease to an acceptable extent within a reasonable period of time; and (3) the advantages of disapproving the plan outweigh the advantages of exploration. (Sec. 209) Requires consideration of the availability of infrastructure to support oil spill response in the timing and location of oil and gas exploration, development, and production among OCS oil- and gas-bearing physiographic regions. Revises other specified requirements. Directs the Secretary to implement a research and development program to ensure continued improvement of methodologies for characterizing both OCS resources and the conditions that may affect the ability to develop and use them in a safe, sound, and environmentally responsible manner. (Sec. 210) Changes from once only to at least once every three years the requirement that the Secretary study any area or region included in any oil and gas lease sale or other lease in order to establish information needed for assessment and management of environmental impacts on the human, marine, and coastal environments of the OCS and the coastal areas which may be affected by oil and gas or other mineral development in such area or region. Requires the Secretary, in addition, to conduct these triennial studies in cooperation with the Secretary of Commerce. Directs the Secretary to conduct research to identify and reduce data gaps regarding impacts of certain deepwater hydrocarbon spills; (2) identify and publish an updated list of the best available technologies for key areas of well design and operation, including blowout prevention and blowout and oil spill response and mitigation; (3) promulgate regulations requiring a safety case to be submitted along with each new application for an OCS drilling permit; and (4) implement an offshore technology research, development, and risk assessment program to address safety, environmental protection, and spill response issues. (Sec. 212) Revises requirements for enforcement of safety and environmental regulations. Requires such regulations to provide for: (1) scheduled onsite inspection, at least once a month, of each OCS facility engaged in drilling operations which is subject to any environmental or safety regulation; and (2) periodic audits of each required safety and environmental management plan, and any associated safety case, whether on the OCS or onshore. Requires investigations and reports on each loss of oil well control and any other accident that presented a serious risk to human or environmental safety. Requires holders of leases or permits to cooperate in any investigation as a condition of the lease or the permit. Requires investigation of any allegation from an employee of the lessee or any subcontractor of a violation of a safety regulation. Requires the Secretary to make available promptly to all lessees and the public all technical information about incident causes and corrective actions taken. Instructs the Secretary to require operators of drilling and production operations to certify annually that their operations are in compliance with applicable law and regulations. Prohibits the Secretary from approving any application for a permit to drill a well unless it is accompanied by specified written attestations by the chief executive officer (CEO), including that the applicant has the capability and technology to respond immediately and effectively to a worst-case oil spill in real-world conditions in the area of the proposed activity. Subjects to a civil penalty any CEO who makes a false certification. Requires all operators that modify or upgrade emergency equipment to prevent blow-outs or other well control events to obtain independent third party certification that: (1) the equipment will operate as originally designed, and (2) modifications or upgrades conducted after delivery have not compromised equipment design, performance or functionality. Subjects noncompliance with this requirement to suspension of the lease. (Sec. 214) Increases civil penalties for noncompliance, up to $75,000 for each day of continued failure ($150,000 if the failure threatens harm or damage to life, property, any mineral deposit, or environment). Increases criminal fines for knowing and willful violations from $100,000 to $10 million. Subjects corporate officers and agents to civil penalties for willful disregard in authorizing, ordering, or carrying out proscribed activities. Requires the Secretary to treat the approval of a development and production plan, or a significant revision of a development and plan, as an agency action requiring preparation of an environmental assessment or environmental impact statement. (Sec. 215) Places within the purview of the OCSLA all oil and gas development and production in the Gulf of Mexico. Expands the scope and contents of mandatory oil and gas development plans to include a scenario for the potential blowout of each well to be drilled as part of the plan involving the highest potential volume of liquid hydrocarbons, along with a complete description of a response plan to both control the blowout and manage the accompanying discharge of hydrocarbons. (Sec. 216) Requires lessees engaged in drilling operations to provide to the Secretary, within 24 hours in electronic format, all daily reports regarding drilling operations on the lease and documentation of blowout preventer maintenance and repair. Requires prompt or real-time transmission of the electronic log from a blowout preventer control system. (Sec. 217) Prohibits the Secretary from conducting a regular program to take oil and gas lease royalties in oil or gas. (Sec. 218) Revises conflict-of-interest employment restrictions governing former Department of the Interior personnel. Prohibits separated officers or employees of the Department within two years after separation from accepting employment or compensation from any party that has a direct and substantial interest: (1) that was pending under the officer's or employee's official responsibility at any point during the two-year period preceding termination of that responsibility; or (2) in which the officer or employee participated personally and substantially as a Department officer or employee. Extends conflict-of-interest prohibitions to certain prior dealings of full-time officers or employees in which they or their spouse, minor child, or general partner has a financial interest. Prohibits full-time Department officers or employees who directly or indirectly discharge duties or responsibilities under OCSLA from soliciting or accepting, directly or indirectly, any gift in violation of certain regulations. Specifies criminal penalties for violations of conflict-of-interest prohibitions.. (Sec. 219) Amends the Energy Policy Act of 2005 to repeal authority for: (1) royalty incentives for natural gas production from deep wells in shallow waters of the Gulf of Mexico; and (2) royalty relief for deep water production in the Gulf of Mexico. Amends OCSLA to repeal the Secretary's authority to reduce or eliminate any royalty or net profit share set forth in leases within the Planning Areas Offshore Alaska. (Sec. 220) Revises manning and buy-and-build-American requirements to require the Secretary of the Department in which the Coast Guard is operating to issue regulations that are supplemental to, and complementary with, but not a substitute for provisions of the U.S. Constitution and federal laws extended to the OCS subsoil and seabed, except with respect to individuals with extraordinary ability in the sciences, arts, education, or business, which has been demonstrated by sustained national or international acclaim. Expresses the intent of Congress to monitor deployment of personnel and material on the OCS in order to encourage development of American technology and manufacturing and enable U.S. workers to benefit from the OCSLA. (Sec. 221) Requires the National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling to: (1) consult monthly with engineering and technology experts who are analyzing causes of the oil spill for the National Academy of Engineering and the National Research Council; and (2) report recommendations for improvements to federal laws, regulations, and industry practices applicable to offshore drilling. Grants the Commission subpoena powers. (Sec. 223) Applies this title and title VII to new leases under the OCSLA, and requires the Secretary to take action to apply their requirements to existing leases, consistent with the terms of those leases. (Sec. 224) Instructs the Secretary to report on the costs of baseline environmental studies that gather, analyze, and characterize resource data necessary to implement the OCSLA. (Sec. 225) Requires the Secretary of Commerce or of the Interior to incorporate any takings of marine mammal species or stock from any other reasonably foreseeable activities administered under the OCSLA in determining whether takings from specified activities administered under OCSLA will: (1) have a negligible impact on a marine mammal species or stock, and (2) not have an unmitigable adverse impact on the availability of such species or stock for taking for subsistence uses. Subtitle B: Royalty Relief for American Consumers - Royalty Relief for American Consumers Act of 2010 - (Sec. 232) Prohibits the Secretary from issuing a new oil or natural gas production lease to certain lessees unless they have renegotiated each covered lease to modify the lessee's payment responsibilities to require payment of royalties if the price of oil and natural gas is greater than or equal to specified OCSLA price thresholds. Extends such renegotiation requirements to a lessee or any other person who has any direct or indirect interest in, or who derives a benefit from, a lease in order to be eligible to obtain by sale or other transfer (including through a swap, spinoff, servicing, or other agreement) any covered lease, the economic benefit of any covered lease, or any other lease for the production of oil or natural gas in the Gulf of Mexico under the OCSLA. (Sec. 233) Directs the Secretary to agree to a lessee's request to amend certain leases issued for the Central and Western Gulf of Mexico tract to incorporate price thresholds applicable to royalty suspension requirements that are equal to or less than specified OCSLA price thresholds. Declares that existing lease provisions shall prevail through FY2010. Subtitle C: Limitation on Moratorium - (Sec. 241) Shields certain drilling permit applicants from the drilling moratorium dated July 12, 2010, and any consequent suspension of operations on the OCS, if the applicant has complied with a specified notice and recommended additional safety measures and has completed all required safety inspections. Prohibits any federal entity from suspending the active consideration of, or preparatory work for, permits required to resume or advance activities suspended in connection with the moratorium. Directs the Secretary to report on the status of: (1) evidence regarding the potential causes of the April 20, 2010, explosion and sinking of the Deepwater Horizon offshore drilling rig; (2) implementation of specified safety reforms; (3) the ability of operators in the Gulf of Mexico to respond effectively to an oil spill in light of the Deepwater Horizon incident; and (4) industry and government efforts to engineer, design, construct and assemble wild well intervention and blowout containment resources necessary to contain an uncontrolled release of hydrocarbons in deep water should another blowout occur. Title III: Oil and Gas Royalty Reform - (Sec. 302) Amends the Federal Oil and Gas Royalty Management Act of 1982 to authorize the Secretary, as an adjunct to audits of accounts for leases, to utilize compliance reviews of accounts. States that the reviews neither constitute nor substitute for audits of lease accounts. Requires any disparity uncovered in a compliance review to be referred immediately to a program auditor. (Sec. 303) Modifies the terms of liability for royalty payments. Treats as the lessee's designee any person who pays, offsets, or credits monies, makes adjustments, requests and receives refunds, or submits reports with respect to payments the lessee must make under such Act. Makes such a designee liable for any payment obligation of any lessee on whose behalf the designee pays royalty under the lease. Eliminates the primary liability for royalty payment obligations of the person owning operating rights in a lease, and the secondary liability of a person owning legal record title in the lease. Makes each such person liable for that person's pro rata share of payment obligations. (Sec. 305) Doubles civil penalties for violations of such Act. Subjects to these penalties any person who knowingly or willfully fails to make prescribed royalty payments, or who fails to provide correct, timely reports on requisite operations or financial records. Tolls the statute of limitations for certain violations committed by oil and gas lessees. (Sec. 306) Prohibits the allowance, payment, or crediting of interest on royalty overpayments. (Sec. 313) Directs the Secretary to: (1) complete an OCS pilot project assessing the costs and benefits of automatic transmission of oil and gas volume and quality data produced under federal leases; (2) implement actions to ensure accurate determination and reporting of BTU values of natural gas from federal oil and gas leases; (3) establish a civil penalty for late or incorrect reporting of data; and (4) publish final regulations for mandatory recordkeeping of natural gas measurement data to include persons involved in the transporting, purchasing, or selling of gas. (Sec. 318) Subjects to investigations, hearings, and specified civil and criminal penalties any lease authorizing the development of coal or any other solid mineral on federal or Indian lands, as well as any lease, easement, right-of-way, or other agreement, regardless of form under the OCSLA or the Geothermal Steam Act, to the same extent as if the lease were an oil and gas lease. (Sec. 319) Directs the Secretary to publish final regulations prescribing when a federal lessee or designee must report and pay royalties on the volume of oil and gas: (1) it takes under either a federal or Indian lease, or (2) to which it is entitled based upon its ownership interest in the federal or Indian lease. (Sec. 320) Amends the Mineral Leasing Act to prohibit the Secretary from conducting a regular program to take oil and gas lease royalties in oil or gas. (Sec. 321) Amends the OCSLA to apply specified royalties under a lease to all oil that is saved, removed, sold, or discharged, without regard to whether the oil is unavoidably lost or used on, or for the benefit of, the lease. Title IV: Full Funding for the Land and Water Conservation and Historic Preservation Funds - Subtitle A: Land and Water Conservation Fund - (Sec. 401) Amends the Land and Water Conservation Fund Act of 1965 to extend the Land and Water Conservation Fund through FY2040 and make funding for it permanent. Subtitle B: National Historic Preservation Fund - (Sec. 411) Amends the National Historic Preservation Act to cover into the Historic Preservation Fund through FY2040 funds from revenues under the OCSLA. Title V: Gulf of Mexico Restoration - (Sec. 501) Establishes: (1) the Gulf of Mexico Restoration Program to coordinate federal, state, and local restoration programs and projects to maximize efforts in restoring biological integrity, productivity, and ecosystem functions in the Gulf of Mexico; and (2) the Gulf of Mexico Restoration Task Force to issue a comprehensive, multi-jurisdictional plan for long-term restoration of the Gulf of Mexico, including fisheries resources, that incorporates existing restoration plans. (Sec. 502) Directs the Secretary to establish: (1) a long-term, comprehensive marine environmental monitoring and research program for the marine and coastal environment of the Gulf of Mexico; and (2) an emergency migratory species alternative habitat program. (Sec. 504) Establishes the Gulf of Mexico Restoration Account. Amends the Federal Water Pollution Control Act to establish additional penalties for large spills in the Gulf of Mexico. Title VI: Coordination and Planning - (Sec. 601) Designates Pacific, Gulf of Mexico, North Atlantic, Mid Atlantic. South Atlantic, Alaska, Pacific Islands, Caribbean, and Great Lakes Coordination Regions whose efforts shall achieve greater communication and coordination among federal, coastal state, and affected tribal governments concerned with conservation, sustainable development, and use of federal renewable and nonrenewable resources of the oceans, coasts, and Great Lakes. (Sec. 602) Directs the Chairman of the Council on Environmental Quality to establish or designate a Regional Coordination Council for each of the Coordination Regions. (Sec. 603) Requires each Regional Coordination Council to prepare: (1) an initial assessment of its Coordination Region; and (2) within three years a multiobjective, science- and ecosystem-based, spatially explicit, integrated Strategic Plan. (Sec. 605) Establishes the Ocean Resources Conservation and Assistance Fund (ORCA Fund). Authorizes the Secretary of Commerce to make grants from the ORCA Fund to: (1) coastal states and affected tribes, and (2) Regional Ocean Partnerships and the Regional Coordination Councils. Directs the Secretary to: (1) use ORCA funds to make competitive grants for conservation and management of ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes ecosystems and marine resources; and (2) establish an Ocean, Coastal, and Great Lakes Review Panel to review and make recommendations on grant applications. Title VII: Oil Spill Accountability and Environmental Protection - Oil Spill Accountability and Environmental Protection Act of 2010 - (Sec. 702) Amends the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 to: (1) repeal the limits on liability for certain vessels and offshore facilities; (2) direct the President to adjust triennially the liability limits upward to reflect either the amount of liability commensurate with the risk of a discharge of oil presented by a particular category of vessel, facility, or port or any increase in the Consumer Price Index (as under current law), whichever is greater. (Sec. 703) Increases the amount of financial responsibility required for an offshore facility to $300 million. Prescribes evidentiary criteria for an alternative amount of financial responsibility, if the President determines that an amount less than $300 million is justified. Sets mandatory minimum amounts at: (1) $105 million for an offshore facility located seaward of a state's seaward boundary, and (2) $30 million for one located landward. (Sec. 704) Expands the kinds of oil pollution liability to include damages to human health, including fatal injuries. (Sec. 705) Declares that, with respect to treatment of a mobile offshore drilling unit as an offshore facility for excess liability purposes, the circumstance triggering such treatment is any discharge of oil, or substantial threat of a discharge of oil, into or upon the water. (Sec. 706) Subjects to judicial review under the Administrative Procedure Act any federal, state, or tribal determination or assessment of damages to natural resources resulting from a discharge of oil. (Currently such a determination has the force and effect of a rebuttable presumption.) (Sec. 707) Declares that, with respect to procedures for claims for removal costs or damages against the Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund, in the event of a spill of national significance, the President may exercise specified authorities to ensure that the presentation, filing, processing, settlement, and adjudication of claims occurs within the states and local governments affected by the spill to the greatest extent practicable. Authorizes the President, furthermore, in such an event, to require a responsible party or a guarantor of a discharge or threat-of-discharge source to provide the President with any information on or related to claims, either individually, in the aggregate, or both, that the President requests. (Sec. 708) States that, with respect to the measure of natural resource damages from an oil discharge, federal officials acting as trustees for natural resources shall: (1) give equal and full consideration to restoration, rehabilitation, replacement, and the acquisition of the equivalent of the natural resources under their trusteeship; and (2) consider restoration, rehabilitation, replacement, and the acquisition of the equivalent of the natural resources under their trusteeship in a holistic ecosystem context, using, where available, eco-regional or natural resource plans. Requires acquisition to be given full and equal consideration only if it provides a substantially greater likelihood of improving the resilience of the lost or damaged resource and supports local ecological processes. (Sec. 709) Amends federal maritime law to limit to a vessel with a registry endorsement in its certificate of documentation that is owned by a U.S. citizen any support of exploration, development, or production of resources in, on, above, or below the exclusive economic zone (EEZ). (Sec. 710) Requires the safety management system for a mobile offshore drilling unit operating in waters subject to U.S. jurisdiction (including the EEZ) to include processes, procedures, and policies related to the safe operation and maintenance of the machinery and systems on board the vessel that may affect its seaworthiness in a worst-case event. (Sec. 711) Requires the Secretary, prescribing regulations for mobile offshore drilling units, to develop standards to address a worst-case event on the vessel. (Sec. 712) Limits issuance of a license as master of a mobile offshore drilling unit to any applicant with a merchant seaman's master license who has demonstrated the knowledge, understanding, proficiency, and sea service for all the industrial business or functions of a mobile offshore drilling unit. (Sec. 714) Amends the Federal Water Pollution Control Act to: (1) declare a mobile offshore drilling unit ineligible to operate without an approved response plan; and (2) require the President to issue a revised regulation for the development of a schedule for the use of dispersants, other chemicals, and other spill mitigating devices and substances. Directs the EPA Administrator to study the potential risks and impacts to water quality, the environment, or any other appropriate factor, including acute and chronic risks, from the use of dispersants, other chemicals, and other spill mitigating substances, if any, that may be used to carry out the National Contingency Plan. Requires the Administrator to impose a temporary moratorium on approval of the use of dispersants until the study is complete. Requires area contingency plans to list containment booms. (Sec. 716) Directs the President to create a database to track discharges of oil or hazardous substances. (Sec. 717) Requires the President to issue regulations that ensure that the owner, operator, or person in charge of a tank vessel, nontank vessel, or an offshore or onshore facility submits for approval a response plan that will provide for an adequate response to a worst case discharge of oil or a hazardous substance or a substantial threat of such a discharge. Requires such plans to contain a probabilistic risk analysis for all critical engineered systems of the vessel or facility. Revises requirements for the review and approval of response plans. Increases criminal and civil penalties for violations of requirements or prohibitions by the owner, operator, or person in charge of any vessel, onshore facility, or offshore facility. (Sec. 718) Directs the President, acting through the Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard is operating, to: (1) establish a process to quickly deploy offshore oil and hazardous substance cleanup technologies in the event of a discharge or substantial threat of a discharge of oil or a hazardous substance, and (2) maintain a database on best available oil and hazardous substance cleanup technologies in such an event. (Sec. 719) Directs the President to delegate to the EPA Administrator specified inspection, monitoring, prevention, preparedness, and oil or hazardous substance discharge response as well as water quality and environmental protection responsibilities with respect to onshore facilities. Directs the President to delegate to the Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard is operating specified discharge prevention and containment enforcement, including first responder, responsibilities with respect to vessels and offshore facilities. Directs the President to delegate to the Secretary of Transportation (DOT) specified discharge prevention and containment enforcement responsibilities with respect to transportation-related onshore facilities. Directs the President to delegate to the Secretary of the Interior specified discharge prevention and containment enforcement responsibilities with respect to certain offshore facilities. (Sec. 720) Amends the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 to require payment to an Indian tribe of damages for: (1) the net loss of taxes, royalties, rents, fees, or net profit shares due to the injury, destruction, or loss of real property, personal property, or natural resources as a result of an oil discharge; and (2) the net costs of providing increased or additional public services during or after removal activities. (Sec. 721) Amends the Federal Water Pollution Control Act to repeal the exclusion of violations of such Act from, and thus subject such violations to, a civil penalty action with respect to oil and hazardous substances liability. (Sec. 722) Amends the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 to reduce from 90 days to 45 days the deadline for settlement of a claim for removal costs or damages relating to an oil discharge before the claimant may elect to commence an action in court against the responsible party or guarantor or to present the claim to the Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund. (Sec. 723) Increases by 300 the authorized end-of-year strength for active duty personnel of the Coast Guard for FY2011. (Sec. 725) Amends the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 to set forth a build America requirement for offshore facilities. Prohibits the use of such a facility unless it was built in the United States, including construction of any major component of its hull or superstructure. Authorizes a waiver of this requirement in specified circumstances. (Sec. 726) Directs the Commandant of the Coast Guard to complete an inventory and maintain a database of all vessels operating in U.S. waters that are capable of meeting oil spill response needs designated in the National Contingency Plan under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act. (Sec. 727) Amends the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 to require offshore sensing and monitoring systems for certain facilities located in more than 500 feet of water. (Sec. 729) Establishes emergency leave retention authority for an active duty member of the Coast Guard in support of a declaration by the President of a major disaster or emergency or in response to a spill of national significance. Treats such duty assignment as one in support of a contingency operation (thus permitting the Coast Guard member to retain at the end of the fiscal year any accumulated [use-or-lose] leave in excess of the number of days of leave authorized to be accumulated for that fiscal year). (Sec. 730) Authorizes appropriations for FY2011-FY2015 for: (1) the Coast Guard; (2) EPA; and (3) DOT. (Sec. 731) Amends the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 to extend oil discharge liability to persons (other than individuals) having direct or indirect ownership interests of more than 25% in a responsible party, if the responsible party's assets are insufficient to pay the claims it owes under such Act. (Sec. 732) Denies any release of liability in connection with compensation received by a claimant for any type of harm unless the claimant: (1) presented a claim with respect to such type of harm, and (2) received compensation for it from the responsible party or from guarantor of the discharge or threat-of-discharge source. (Sec. 733) Excludes any discharge incidental to presidentially authorized salvage activities from regulation under the Oil Pollution Act of 1990. (Sec. 734) Amends the Federal Water Pollution Control Act to require redundancies in tank vessel, nontank vessel, and offshore and onshore facility oil or hazardous substance discharge response plans which specify response actions that will be taken if other response actions detailed in the plan fail. Requires such response plans to be vetted by impartial experts. Amends OCSLA to prohibit the Secretary of the Interior from issuing any license or permit authorizing drilling for oil and gas on the OCS unless the applicant has an approved response plan for the vessel or facility used to conduct the drilling. Title VIII: Miscellaneous Provisions - (Sec. 801) Repeals the authority of the Secretary to reduce or eliminate any royalty or net profit share (royalty relief) set forth in a lease for oil and gas operations in the Planning Areas Offshore Alaska. Amends the Naval Petroleum Reserves Production Act of 1976, as amended by the Energy Policy Act of 2005, to repeal: (1) specified requirements for applications for renewal of oil and gas leases with and without discoveries in the Naval Petroleum Reserve in Alaska; and (2) the Secretary's authority to waive, suspend, or reduce rental fees or royalty on a leasehold in the Alaska Reserve. (Sec. 802) Directs the Secretary to issue regulations to establish an annual conservation fee for all oil and gas leases on federal onshore and offshore lands of $2 per barrel of oil and 20 cents per million BTU of natural gas in 2010 dollars. (Sec. 803) Declares that nothing in this Act modifies, amends, or affects leasing on Indian lands as currently carried out by the Bureau of Indian Affairs of the Department of the Interior. (Sec. 804) Directs the President, acting through the Secretary, to publish a final determination of the boundaries of coastal states projected seaward to the outer margin of the OCS. (Sec. 805) Amends the National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act of 1966 to subject to liability to the United States any person who destroys, causes the loss of, or injures any refuge resource. (Sec. 806) Amends the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 to authorize the Secretary of Commerce to make grants of up to $750,000 per fiscal year for each of FY2011-FY2015 to an eligible coastal state to revise its coastal zone management program to identify and implement new policies and procedures to ensure sufficient state level response capabilities to address the environmental, economic, and social impacts of oil spills or other accidents resulting from OCS energy activities with the potential to affect land, water use, or natural resources of the coastal zone. Prohibits requiring any state to make a matching contribution. (Sec. 807) Amends the Energy Policy Act of 2005 to require all federal department and agency heads to provide the Secretary, upon request, with all data and information necessary (except privileged or proprietary information) to include in the coordinated OCS mapping initiative. (Sec. 808) Prohibits the use of funds authorized or made available by this Act to carry out any activity or pay any costs for removal or damages for which a responsible party is liable under the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 or other law. (Sec. 809) Amends the Energy Policy Act of 2005 to repeal the rebuttable presumption that certain actions by either the Secretary of the Interior or the Secretary of Agriculture are excluded from environmental review under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969. (Thus subjects all such actions to EPA review.) (Sec. 810) Requires a federal official to respond within 48 hours of receiving a state permit application or request for approval to initiate state or local government response activity to protect its lands and waters that is directly related to an oil spill of national significance. (Sec. 811) Directs to Comptroller General to evaluate the Department of the Interior implementation of this Act, including whether there has been a sufficient reduction in the conflict between mission and interest within the Department. (Sec. 812) Requires the Secretary of the Interior to arrange with the National Academy of Engineering to assess the economic, safety, and environmental impacts of requiring relief wells to be drilled in tandem with the drilling of wells subject to the requirements of this Act. Title IX: Study of Actions to Improve the Accuracy of Collection of Royalties - Study of Ways to Improve the Accuracy of the Collection of Federal Oil, Condensate, and Natural Gas Royalties Act of 2010 - (Sec. 902) Requires the Secretary of the Interior to arrange with the National Academy of Engineering to study whether the accuracy of royalties collection on production of oil, condensate, and natural gas under leases of federal and Indian lands would be improved by specified practices, including: (1) the installation of digital meters for all lands from which natural gas is produced, and (2) the replacement of plug valves in natural gas gathering lines with ball valves. Title X: Offshore Oil and Gas Worker Whistleblower Protection - Offshore Oil and Gas Worker Whistleblower Protection Act of 2010 - Prohibits employer retaliation against whistleblowers. Prescribes an administrative procedure for investigating employer violations of this prohibition and civil actions to compel employer compliance with an order for relief issued by an administrative law judge.


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