text:
[Adopted 1-11-2005; amended in its entirety 4-28-2015]
The purpose of these regulations is to aid in the consistent and effective implementation of the Groton Wetlands Protection Bylaw[1] by way of further definition; explanation and specification; and illustration and example of the bylaw's provisions. These regulations are intended to clarify but not expand, extend, modify, or replace any provision of the Groton Wetlands Protection Bylaw.
Existing structures.
In those instances where a state or federal filing is required for projects associated with existing residential structures, the full application and permit required by the bylaw does apply.
Farm and fire ponds. Historically, farm and fire ponds have served as vernal pools across the New England landscape. Accordingly, the stocking of farm and fire ponds with fish shall not be permitted except in those cases where the Commission has deemed it appropriate.
Stormwater management structures. Stormwater management structures, such as retention or detention basins or ponds, swales, or infiltration ponds, shall be exempt from regulation with the following exceptions:
Unless requested otherwise by the Commission, the wetland permit application shall be made on the notice of intent (NOI) or request for determination of applicability (RDA) form issued under the Wetlands Protection Act, MGL C. 131, § 40, and regulations, 310 CMR 10.00. In addition, the applicant shall complete and file with the application a Town of Groton Form of Intent (FOI). The application shall be accompanied by a legal notice fee, appropriate documentation, and the appropriate fee (see § 344-15F) in order to be processed by the Conservation Commission. The application shall include, as appropriate, documentation such as, but not limited to, plans, maps, tables, charts, wetlands and/or wildlife reports, drainage calculations and reports, and information on stormwater mitigation. If a replication area is proposed, the applicant is required to submit the items listed in the "Wetland Replication Requirement List" (Appendix A) with the NOI.[1] The Commission may require multiple (nine) copies of the full submittal package, and the applicant must ascertain the appropriate number with the Conservation Commission and/or its agent prior to filing.
Time frames for submission of documentation. The applicant must submit all supporting documentation to the Conservation Commission no later than 10 business days prior to the scheduled public hearing or its continuation. This is the minimum time needed to allow the Commission and staff to properly review, analyze, and check the information provided. Documentation submitted with fewer than the minimum 10 business days for review may be excluded from consideration at the scheduled hearing and held for discussion at a subsequently scheduled hearing.
Wetland resource designations on plans.
All plans submitted to the Conservation Commission for an order of conditions or wetlands permit under § 215-4 of the bylaw must show all wetland resources on the property and within 100 feet of the property lines (200 feet in the case of perennial streams), regardless of whether or not the proposed work is expected to occur within the jurisdictional areas associated with the resource.
Plans shall conform to the following requirements (see Appendix B for checklist):[2]
Sheet size: maximum 30 inches by 42 inches.
Scale: as needed to show all necessary details, but at a ratio no greater than 1:480 (e.g., one inch equals 40 feet).
North arrow.
Locus map.
Nearest utility pole number, if applicable.
Reference bench mark (vertical datum used).
Legend depicting all natural resources and significant site features.
All resource areas.
Wetland boundaries indicated by numbered points corresponding to flags placed in the field, with elevation of flags.
Buffer zone boundary lines:
Fifty feet and 100 feet to bordering vegetated wetlands.
Fifty feet and 100 feet to vernal pools.
Fifty feet and 100 feet to isolated wetlands.
Fifty feet and 100 feet to ponds and lakes.
Fifty feet and 100 feet to banks.
Fifty feet and 100 feet to intermittent creeks and streams.
Existing improvements, e.g., buildings, stone walls, trails.
All existing topography and proposed contours at a contour interval no greater than two feet.
Cross sections.
All proposed or completed alterations.
Location of well and septic system with reserve area.
Erosion/sedimentation control measures.
Replication areas.
All discharge points and culverts, including those in the public way.
Property boundaries, rights-of-way, easements, restrictions.
Conservancy district, if applicable (show as cross-hatched area, including all adjacent bordering vegetated wetlands).
Applicable "no disturb" zone.
Pre- and post-development overstory tree canopy line within the buffer zone. [See the definition of "alter" in § 215-9B, Subsection (8).]
Record the person(s) and firm that delineated the resource areas.
Placement of aboveground and underground utilities.
Stamp and signature of a registered professional land surveyor or a registered professional engineer. In circumstances where the Commission determines that no survey is required, the stamp and signature of a registered sanitarian may be acceptable.
Limit of disturbance.
Editor's Note: Appendix B is included as an attachment to this chapter.
In those instances where the project is part of a subdivision, a plan must be submitted to the Conservation Commission showing all wetland resources located within the subdivision boundaries and within 100 feet of those boundaries (200 feet in the case of perennial streams).
Documentation for violations. All filings associated with a notice of violation shall include an accurate plan that clearly and explicitly shows all jurisdictional resource areas on the property and the area(s) of disturbance, including an explicit tabulation of the size of the disturbance. The Conservation Commission may require a surveyed/engineering plan.
Request for determinations of applicability (RDA). A request for determination of applicability (RDA) must include all potential wetland and adjacent upland resource areas under a single comprehensive delineation.
Coordination with other boards. As appropriate, the Commission may require the applicant to provide additional copies of the application and plans for other boards (Select Board, Board of Health, Planning Board, Department of Public Works, Groton Water Department and West Groton Water Supply District, Earth Removal Stormwater Advisory Committee); said boards shall have 10 days from the date of filing to provide written recommendations and comments. Failure of any other board to comment shall indicate no concerns.
[Amended 10-1-2018 ATM by Art. 14]
Application fees.
Permit fees.
Permit fees are payable at the time of application and are nonrefundable.
Permit fees shall be calculated by the Conservation Commission according to the schedule below.
Failure to comply with an enforcement order shall result in a fee of 1.5 times the customary fee for the notice of intent.
Permit fees are in addition to those required by the Wetlands Protection Act, MGL C. 131, § 40, and regulations, 310 CMR 10.00.
Town, county, state, and federal projects are exempt from the filing fee.
The fee for an application for a modification of a permit will be the excess of the fee for the modified project as calculated below over the fee paid for the original permit. There is a minimum fee of $25 for modifications, which may, in the case of minor projects, be waived at the discretion of the Commission.
Agricultural projects are exempt from filing fees.
Fee schedule.
Schedule of Permit Fees
Single minor project, e.g., house addition, tennis court, swimming pool, or other accessory residential activity
$25 per project
Residential structure or minor project
No charge
Commercial, subdivision
New residential structure
Subdivision: road and utilities only
Drainage, detention/retention basins
Multiple-dwelling structure
Commercial, industrial and institutional projects
Major (new construction or addition of more than 1,000 square feet of floor area)
Wetland crossings
Application filed after enforcement order
1.5 x the above fees
Request for determination of applicability
No charge
Remediation of a contaminated site or enhancement of a degraded resource (excluding violations)
No charge
Single minor projects.
For the purposes of fee determination, work to remove debris and hazardous materials from wetlands, and wetland restoration projects, and similar projects for improving the natural capacity of a wetland resource to protect or enhance wetland values shall be considered a single minor project.
The Conservation Commission may require the services of outside consultants for the review of work in or near wetland resource areas due to the size, scale, or complexity of a proposed project, because of a project's potential impacts, or because the Town lacks the necessary expertise to perform the review work. As provided by MGL C. 44, § 53G, the Town of Groton Conservation Commission may impose reasonable fees for the employment of outside consultants, engaged by the Conservation Commission, for specific expert services deemed necessary by the Commission to adequately review an application submitted to the Conservation Commission pursuant to the requirements of the Wetlands Protection Act (MGL C. 131, § 40), the Town of Groton non-zoning wetlands bylaw (Chapter 215 of the Code of the Town of Groton), the Conservation Commission Act (MGL C. 40, § 8C), or any other state or municipal statute, bylaw, ordinance, or regulation, as they may be amended or enacted from time to time.[3]
Funds received by the Conservation Commission pursuant to these rules shall be deposited with the Groton Town Treasurer, who shall establish a special account for this purpose. Expenditures from this special account may be made at the direction of the Conservation Commission without further appropriation as provided in MGL C. 44, § 53G. Expenditures from this account shall be made only in connection with the review of a specific project or projects for which a consultant fee has been collected from the applicant. The Commission shall return any unused portion of the consultant fee to the applicant, including any accrued interest, at the conclusion of the project.
Specific consultant services may include, but are not limited to, resource area survey and delineation, analysis of resource area values (including wildlife habitat), hydrogeologic and drainage analysis, drafting a permit, impacts on municipal conservation lands, and review of environmental or land use law. The consultant shall be chosen by, and report only to, the Commission and/or its administrator.
The Conservation Commission shall decide at a public hearing and shall give written notice to the applicant of the selection of an outside consultant, which notice shall state the identity of the consultant, the amount of the fee to be charged to the applicant, and a request for payment of said fee in its entirety. Such notice shall be deemed to have been given on the date it is mailed or delivered. No such costs or expenses shall be incurred by the applicant if the application or request is withdrawn within five days of the date notice is given. The fee must be received in its entirety prior to the initiation of consulting services. The Commission may request additional consultant fees if necessary review requires a larger expenditure than originally anticipated or new information requires additional consultant services. Failure by the applicant to pay the consultant fee specified by the Commission within 10 business days of the request for payment shall be cause for the Commission to determine that the application is administratively incomplete (except in the case of an appeal). The Commission shall state such in a letter to the applicant, copied to the DEP. No additional review or action shall be taken on the permit request until the applicant has paid the requested fee. Failure by the applicant to pay the consultant fee specified by the Commission within 10 business days of the request for payment shall be cause for the Commission to deny the permit application.
The applicant may appeal the selection of the outside consultant to the Groton Select Board, who may disqualify the outside consultant selected only on the grounds that the consultant has a conflict of interest or does not possess the minimum required qualifications. The minimum qualifications shall consist of either an educational degree or three or more years of practice in the field at issue or a related field. Such an appeal must be in writing and received by the Select Board and a copy received by the Conservation Commission, so as to be received within 10 days of the date consultant fees were requested by the Conservation Commission. The required time limits for action upon the application shall be extended by the duration of the administrative appeal.
[Amended 10-1-2018 ATM by Art. 14]
The Commission shall utilize the following procedure for obtaining cost estimates for review by outside consultants:
Request a written estimate from the consultant on the cost to review the project, including the cost to attend meetings with the design engineer and public hearing(s), if necessary.
The Commission shall vote to accept the estimate with a provision that the cost to review the project shall not exceed the estimate without written approval from the Commission.
The Commission shall inform the applicant of the cost estimate for project review and of any additional costs that may be incurred.
Permits shall expire three years from the date of issuance. A permit may be renewed for additional one-year periods if a request for renewal is received in writing by the Commission at least 30 days prior to expiration of the permit and providing the Commission finds that 1) good cause has been shown for such extension and 2) such extension will not have significant adverse effects, immediate or cumulative, upon any of the wetland values protected by this article. Notwithstanding the above, a permit may contain requirements which shall be enforceable for a stated number of years, indefinitely, or until permanent protection is in place and shall apply to all owners of the land.
The Commission shall, after receiving a written request for a certificate of compliance, inspect the resource area where any activity governed by a permit issued under this article was carried out. If such activity has been completed in accordance with said permit, the Commission shall issue a certificate of compliance evidencing such determination, which may, in an appropriate case, be combined with a certificate of compliance issued under the Wetlands Protection Act. A certificate of compliance may specify conditions in the permit which will continue to apply for a fixed number of years or permanently and shall apply to current and future owners of the land.
Violations of this article, submission of false or erroneous information, or new information that substantially alters the likely impact of the project on wetland resources or values may cause the Commission to revoke or modify a permit or determination issued under this article after notice to the holder of the permit or determination, notice to the public, abutters, and Town Boards, pursuant to § 215-6, Notice and hearing, of the Groton Wetlands Protection Bylaw and a public hearing.
The Commission, in an appropriate case, may combine the permit or determination issued under this article with the order of conditions or determination of applicability issued under the Wetlands Protection Act, MGL C. 131, § 40, and regulations, 310 CMR 10.00.
No work proposed in any permit application shall be undertaken until the permit issued by the Commission with respect to such work has been recorded in the Registry of Deeds or, if the land affected is registered land, in the registry section of the Land Court for the district wherein the land lies, and until the holder of the permit certifies in writing to the Commission that the permit has been recorded. Such certification shall include the book and page or instrument number and date.
Performance standards and design criteria for adjacent upland resources. The standards and criteria set forth in these regulations do not limit or dilute the minimum resource protection afforded in the bylaw, § 215-7. When the presumption of significance is questioned, the actual determination of impact must be made on a project- and site-specific basis, and in this respect the actual impact of proposed adjacent upland resource work or activities on wetland values and functions can often be reduced substantially, and thus made permissible, when appropriate conditions are imposed. Therefore, the Conservation Commission shall consider proposals for work in the adjacent upland resource in terms of three broad forms of disturbance areas. These definitions of levels of disturbance shall guide the Commission in specifying, within the limits set forth in the bylaw, § 215-7, whether a proposed activity shall be allowed, and under what conditions:
No-disturbance area. This is any area within the first 50 feet of any freshwater wetland. No activities or work, other than passive (foot or nonmotorized vehicle) passage, is permitted except for removal of invasive vegetation if done in compliance with standards provided in these regulations. No vegetation may be disturbed, and leaf litter and natural debris remains in place. The no-disturbance area should remain unchanged from its pre-project state.
Temporary disturbance area. This is an area in the adjacent upland resource, outside the fifty-foot no-disturbance area, where temporary disturbance for a limited period of time is permitted, such as for regrading or travel by heavy machinery. Once the activity is completed, however, the area will be allowed to return to natural vegetation and function. Any subsequent disturbance or activity shall require a new filing. The Conservation Commission shall establish specific time frames and conditions for allowing temporary disturbances, as well as setting criteria for assessing the successful return of the adjacent upland resource to natural functions.
The limits of disturbance shall be permanently marked prior to construction. Marking shall consist of permanent, official Groton Conservation Commission medallions placed at intervals as determined by the Commission. Medallions shall be available at no charge for homeowners; for commercial and subdivisions, a cost of $1 per medallion shall be charged.
Stream crossing standards. Proposed stream crossings shall at minimum meet MA-DEP Stream Crossing Guidelines (most current edition as published by Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection); the Commission may at its discretion modify these requirements. The Commission may at its discretion exempt or modify the stream crossing guidelines for existing structures where such changes would protect wetlands.
Considerations in setting disturbance restrictions. The Conservation Commission shall begin with the presumption that lands within the adjacent upland resource of a resource are best left in an undisturbed and natural state. However, the Commission may designate areas of the adjacent upland resource to be suitable for temporary or limited disturbance as appropriate when the applicant can demonstrate to the Commission's satisfaction that the proposed work or activity will not affect wetland values singularly or cumulatively and that reasonable alternatives to the proposed work or activity do not exist. In considering designation of adjacent upland resource disturbance areas, the types of work and activities allowable, and conditions to apply, the Conservation Commission shall consider:
Values and functions of the resource area.
The quantity and quality of resource values and functions should be considered explicitly in placing conditions on adjacent upland resource work. Some isolated land subject to flooding, for example, may serve for temporary flood storage only. Minimal adjacent upland resource restrictions within several feet of the resource might be necessary only to prevent erosion.
Other isolated land subject to flooding might provide vernal pool habitat. It might also provide important flood storage capacity and intersect groundwater. In this instance, far stronger adjacent upland resource restrictions would be appropriate because a larger number of functions are involved and some functions, such as habitat, are more sensitive to adjacent upland resource activity and require greater protection. If rare or endangered species, such as blue-spotted salamanders, were found at the site, then still greater levels of restrictions would be appropriate.
Pre-project characteristics of the site. Ground slope, soil conditions, vegetation, and prior disturbance are just a few of the site-specific characteristics that shall be considered in setting conditions for work in the adjacent upland resource. For example, land that slopes toward a wetland demands greater restrictions on work and activity and larger no-disturbance distances to prevent pollution and silt from stormwater runoff from harming wetlands values. Larger slopes imply greater restrictions.
Wildlife habitat and rare species.
Where significant wildlife habitat values and functions are present, delineation of no-disturbance areas within the adjacent upland resource shall, as is reasonable, minimize the length of perimeter to area left undisturbed, exclude fingers, islands, or other projections or indentations of the no-disturbance zone, and in general avoid delineating oddly shaped nondisturbed areas. The Commission shall give special attention to inclusion inside the no-disturbance area of those topographical and ecological features that it deems important for maintaining the wildlife habitat value of the resource.
The potential presence of rare or endangered species and their specific sensitivity to adjacent upland resource activity shall be considered in determining adjacent upland resource restrictions. Evidence of the presence of such species or evidence of likely habitat shall be considered by the Conservation Commission. Prior designation of rare or endangered species habitat by the Division of Fisheries and Wildlife Natural Heritage Program is not necessary.
The Commission may consult with the Division of Fisheries and Wildlife Natural Heritage Program or other authorities as it deems necessary for guidance and recommendations.
No significant adverse impact on wildlife habitat.
In accordance with the bylaw's fundamental purposes (see § 215-1), no project may have a significant adverse impact, either project-specific or cumulative, on wildlife habitat for more than two growing seasons.
For wildlife habitat purposes, a significant adverse project-specific impact is defined as an impact caused by work in a resource area that would, under reasonable assumptions:
Result in a measurable decrease in the extant wildlife populations or biological composition, structure, or richness on the site or in the vicinity, exclusive of the present or future state of adjacent and nearby properties; or
Impair, damage, destroy, or reduce in value for wildlife purposes certain specific habitat features.
Wildlife studies have shown that direct impacts from work, filling, grading, vegetation removal, construction of barriers to movement, etc., in resource areas can severely harm wildlife populations. For example, low stone walls bisecting a resource area can prevent amphibians that live in upland areas from reaching breeding pools, marshes, and streams. Or, removal of large snags (dead trees) can virtually eliminate nesting by barred owls, pileated woodpeckers, mink, etc. Accordingly, the Commission shall prohibit the placement of fences or other barriers to wildlife movement within and between resource areas and the destruction of specific habitat features.
Examples of protected habitat features include (but are not limited to):
Large-cavity trees.
Turtle nesting areas.
Existing nest trees for birds that reuse nests (e.g., great blue herons, osprey).
Beaver dams, dens, and lodges.
Mink or otter dens.
Vernal pools.
Vertical sandy banks.
Migration corridors that provide connectivity between wildlife habitats.
Sphagnum hummocks and pools suitable to serve as nesting habitat for four-toed salamanders.
But indirect impacts, the effects of human activities near wildlife habitat, can have equally harmful effects. Therefore, the Commission shall take into account indirect effects on a project-by-project basis. So, for example, no work within resource areas shall be permitted within 100 feet of existing beaver, mink or otter dens or within 200 feet of existing osprey or great blue heron nests.
As clearly stated in § 215-1 of the Groton Wetlands Protection Bylaw, the purpose of the bylaw is to preserve for future generations of residents the natural resources and amenities, including wildlife, we presently enjoy in Groton. The bylaw protects future values as well as current ones. Therefore, the Commission must be especially cognizant of the likely cumulative impact of work within resource areas.
For wildlife habitat purposes, a significant cumulative adverse impact is defined as an impact that would, under reasonable assumptions, result in a measurable decrease in the extant wildlife populations or biological structure, composition, or richness on the site or in the vicinity, taking into account the projected impacts of future projects that could be proposed in the vicinity with similar, comparable, or other significant impacts and disturbance.
This method for assessing cumulative impacts avoids the pitfall of placing an unreasonable burden of resource protection on subsequent applicants/projects in the vicinity while subsidizing those who are first to develop land. It allows the Commission to level the marginal impact of all proposed projects in the vicinity while ensuring appropriate protection, present and future, of the values and interests protected by the bylaw.
Projects to enhance or benefit wildlife habitat. The Conservation Commission may, as part of the permitting process, require, at its discretion, any project that proposes to alter the extant wildlife populations or biological composition, structure, or richness of an area as a wildlife benefit to have that plan approved by the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife.
The character of the work or activities proposed and alternatives.
The applicant shall bear the burden of proving by a preponderance of credible evidence that the proposed work or activities in the adjacent upland resource will not have unacceptable or cumulative effects upon the resource area values and that reasonable alternatives, including reducing the scale and scope of the project, do not exist.
The Commission shall consider the specific characteristics of the work proposed for immediate and cumulative impact on the wetland resource. For example, understory clearing and shrub landscaping in sensitive sections of the adjacent upland resource might be appropriate where a lawn might not due to concerns about nutrient runoff. Similarly, clearing a flat section of the adjacent upland resource to establish a vegetable garden might not threaten adjacent wetland values and functions. However, construction of a tennis court with extensive impervious surface on the same site and covering the same area might not be acceptable.
The Conservation Commission may offer suggestions and advice for altering plans and proposals to reduce impact on wetlands values and functions toward the goal of modifying the project to make it acceptable. However, the Commission is not obligated to do so and shall not be bound in its decisionmaking by any prior advice or suggestions offered to applicants.
Subdivision roadways. The Conservation Commission shall enforce the following general performance standards:
Minimize pre-project to post-project changes in site hydrology.
Pre-project and post-project hydrology should remain fundamentally the same as it pertains to protecting wetlands functions and values. Of course, some minor degree of change in hydrology is inevitable in any engineering/construction project, and within reasonable limits, the Commission shall permit such variation when, in its judgment, such changes will not produce a significant impact on wetlands functions and values. The use of aboveground vegetated swales, infiltration methods, and other low-impact drainage designs will be given preference over subsurface drainage structures.
Erosion control may require limiting stormwater discharge volumes and velocities. Therefore, the Commission may require the construction of such stormwater control structures, and specify particular engineering and design details, as it deems necessary to protect wetland resources, values, and functions.
Minimize change in runoff water quality. The Commission shall impose conditions that, in its judgment, reduce undesirable water quality changes to levels that will not harm wetland functions or values, immediately or cumulatively. The Commission may require the construction of specific structures to improve stormwater runoff quality, such as wet detention basins for pollutant removal and broad riprap swales for aeration.
Requirements for hydraulic calculations. In accordance with the above, the Conservation Commission shall require, as part of the application for permit, complete hydrological calculations for the one-, two-, five-, ten-, twenty-five-, and one-hundred-year storm events. Such calculations shall include:
Runoff from all impervious surfaces associated with the project, including individual lot construction; and
Both pre- and post-project calculations for discharge volumes, concentration times, discharge velocities, and other quantities that the Commission may require for complete information.
Requirements for turtle and amphibian migration shall include:
Site visits. As stated in § 215-5, Permits and conditions, Subsection D, the Conservation Commission may deny a permit if the applicant fails to provide the information requested. "Information" in this instance includes site visits by the Commission and its staff or representatives for the purpose of directly observing pre-project and post-project conditions on the property, at seasonally appropriate times.
The history of wetland replication is mixed. Scientific reviews conclude that for the most part replications fail to reproduce the range of values, in quantity and quality, of the wetlands they ostensibly replace. In particular, replicating proper hydrological conditions in a consistent and enduring fashion is difficult. Accordingly, the Conservation Commission strongly discourages any plan that requires replication.
If replication is proposed, the applicant must keep in mind the need to do an in-kind replication, in which the hydrologic, vegetative, soils, and structural characteristics, as well as the values and functions they perform, of the wetland to be altered are duplicated in the new wetland. To assure the Commission receives the necessary materials to make an informed decision, the applicant is required to submit the items outlined in the Wetland Replication Requirement List in Appendix A.[1] For minor projects or in the case of items that do not apply to a particular project, the Commission may consider waiving particular list requirements. In those instances where replication is approved by the Commission, the following conditions must be met:
The replicated wetland must be constructed in full and conditionally approved prior to construction of any structures.
At minimum, the replicated wetland must reproduce all the values and functions of the original wetland as determined by the Conservation Commission.
The Commission may require the applicant to incorporate additional values and functions in the replication design depending on site-specific conditions.
In particular, in circumstances where replacement of specific functions and values would require substantial amounts of time before being completely replicated (for example, those provided by large mature trees), the Commission may require additional compensation of area, functions, values, etc., beyond those required in other sections of the bylaw and its regulations.
The area of replication must be at least three times (3:1) as large as the area of the original resource that will be destroyed (Side slopes shall not be included in the calculation of the replication area.). The actual area ratio of the replacement shall be decided on a case-by-case basis in accordance with Subsection E(2)(b).
The top 12 inches of soil from the original wetland must be transplanted with intact soil structure, especially lamination and density profile, to the replication area. This is intended to preserve plant, invertebrate, and planktonic communities of the wetland and inhibit the blossoming of invasive species.
Any replication or restoration work that creates a resource on abutting properties shall require an easement from the abutting property owner covering the full extension of the resource on that property prior to commencement of the work.
A bond shall be posted that will enable the Commission to complete the replication should the applicant fail to fulfill obligations set forth in the permit or order of conditions. The amount of the bond will be determined on a case-by-case basis and shall be based on the construction sequence submitted by the applicant.
The applicant must provide a construction sequence which includes progress reports on the construction, planting, and growth of vegetation within the replication area.
Standards for the replication shall be specified and verified in terms of functions, values, and actual performance. Technical and engineering specifications used for design and construction shall be considered approximate. Criteria for acceptance and approval shall be based solely on function and performance as specified in the order of conditions. In other words, replications will be evaluated on what they are expected to do, not how closely actual construction matched the plan. For example, although elevations may be used for design and planning of a pond, the standards shall be set in terms of volume and depth of water over the course of a year. In vernal pool replication, the pool must be capable of sustaining full development of vernal pool species, regardless of design elevations or siting.
Replications that do not properly perform the approved functions and values as specified in the order of conditions will not be deemed acceptable no matter how closely they adhere to approved engineered plans.
The Commission may set other conditions on a project-/site-specific basis.
Orders of conditions for after-the-fact filings. Orders of conditions for permits associated with violations shall include explicit dates for milestones and completion of work.
Riverfront area protection. For the purposes of this article, the protections afforded to riverfront areas under the 1996 amendment to the Massachusetts Wetlands Protection Act, as amended, shall follow the regulations as listed under Subsections A and B for adjacent upland resources, except that the reach of jurisdiction shall extend 200 feet from the stream or river bank as specified by state law.
Stormwater runoff best management practices. All stormwater runoff systems shall at minimum conform to Stormwater Management -- Low-Impact Development Bylaw, Town of Groton Code Chapter 198, and best management practices as specified in the Earth Removal Stormwater Advisory Committee Regulations, Chapter 352, Article II, Stormwater Design Criteria. The Conservation Commission may impose more stringent conditions where resource values and functions warrant it. Created wetlands for stormwater best management practices shall not be given credit as replication areas.
Stream crossing standards. Proposed stream crossings shall at minimum meet MA-DEP Stream Crossing Guidelines (most current edition as published by Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection); the Commission may at its discretion modify these requirements. The Commission may at its discretion exempt or modify the stream crossing guidelines for existing structures where such changes would protect wetlands.
Alternatives analysis.
The Groton Wetlands Protection Bylaw clearly states that projects and associated disturbances should be located outside of any resource that falls under the jurisdiction of this article, including the adjacent upland resource area. Practical alternatives to locate the project outside these areas must be investigated, and should one or more prove feasible, the plan must be amended to relocate all activities accordingly.
The Commission shall consider as practical alternatives options that were available to the applicant but appear to be precluded due to self-imposed hardships and constraints (e.g., lot, roadway, and drainage layouts engineered without prior regard to impact on bylaw resources).
If, in the Commission's view, there are no practical alternatives, project impacts must be minimized and mitigated so there are no adverse impacts to the resources. If the Commission determines that the project will have significant adverse impacts on the resources, then the project shall be denied.
Standards for removal of invasive vegetation. Removal of invasive vegetation within 50 feet of any freshwater wetland is allowed, provided that the Conservation Commission is informed in writing prior to the removal and the removal is accomplished by hand pulling and/or digging.
Standards for vista pruning and removal of diseased vegetation. Pruning for the purpose of vista maintenance, or for removal of diseased, storm-damaged, or invasive vegetation, may be allowed within adjacent upland resource areas by an order of conditions or a determination of applicability.
Seasonal wetlands.
Presumption of vernal pool habitat.
The bylaw presumes vernal pool habitat exists if a wetland's physical characteristics conform with those defined for pools in § 215-9, Definitions, of the bylaw. The presumption of vernal pool habitat may be overcome, however, with the presentation of credible evidence which, in the judgment of the Conservation Commission, demonstrates that the wetland does not provide, or cannot provide, vernal pool habitat functions.
Demonstrating that a ponding area is not a vernal pool. For the purposes of overcoming the presumption of vernal pool habitat, the Commission will consider:
Evidence that the ponding area does not hold water for at least two continuous months in most years. As a rule of thumb, the term "most years" shall mean three out of five consecutive years.
Evidence that vernal pool species do not breed or have not bred in the ponding area.
Evidence that the ponding area could not be a viable breeding site for vernal pool species due to incompatible physical, chemical, biological, or other persistent conditions at the site in most years.
Timing of evidence collection. Many of the indicators of vernal pool habitat are seasonal. For example, certain salamander egg clusters are found only between late March and late May. Wood frog chorusing occurs only between late March and May, and then only at night. Consequently, failure to find evidence of breeding must be tied explicitly to those periods during which the evidence is most likely to be available. Accordingly, in the case of challenges to the presumption of vernal pool habitat, the Conservation Commission may require that the determination be postponed until the appropriate time period consistent with the evidence being presented. The Commission may also require its own site visits as necessary to confirm the evidence.
As used in this article, the following terms shall have the meanings indicated:
- The adjacent upland resource area for vernal pools shall extend 100 feet from the mean annual high-water line defining the depression or 1/2 of the distance between the vernal pool and any existing foundation for an existing residential house, whichever is smaller. In either case, the adjacent upland resource area for vernal pools shall not extend over existing lawns, gardens, landscaped or developed areas.
- Includes, without limitation, any outfall of water that empties into wetland resource areas.
- As listed under § 215-2 of the bylaw, shall include, without limitation, any discharge from the project that flows to a wetland resource or adjacent upland resource through new or existing drainage structures, including existing road drainage pipes, that empty into wetland resources or adjacent upland resources regardless of the distance between the project site and the wetlands resources or adjacent upland resources.
- All distances noted in the bylaw (excluding depth), such as adjacent upland resources distances, are planar distances measured along a single elevation. Consequently, on steeply sloped topography the measured over-ground distance may not accurately reflect the distances specified in the permits and conditions specified by the bylaw. In particular, the one-hundred-foot adjacent upland resource on steeply sloped land will measure considerably more than 100 feet when measured over ground on site.
- A private way providing access from a public roadway to a building or a lot. Driveway surfaces vary and may include, but not be limited to, dirt, gravel, asphalt, brick, or pavers. Driveways are assumed to have a negative effect on wetlands and therefore should be located outside the upland resource area unless the applicant demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Commission that the proposed location will not negatively affect the resource areas or that it is the best feasible location.
- Includes storage of floodwaters and stormwater runoff waters in wetlands. Storage of floodwaters and stormwater runoff is prohibited unless the Conservation Commission deems that such action would enhance wetland values and functions.
- A hydraulic connection is any surface water connection, whether natural or artificially created or modified, including, but not limited to, surface and subsurface pipes, culverts, ditches, underground channels, etc.
- Elevation changes are less than two feet. Slopes greater than 5% shall not exceed one foot change in elevation.
- Connotes passive recreation activities that do not conflict with or diminish other wetland values and functions. Examples include, without limitation, bird watching and other nature studies, walking and hiking, canoeing and, as appropriate, fishing, hunting, etc.
- A facing composed of stone, timbers, poured concrete, blocks, or other aggregate materials arranged in such a way as to hold back and stabilize an embankment.
- Any species of reptile, amphibian, or invertebrate that breeds in a vernal pool. These species may be obligate or facultative.
- Basin volume shall be calculated as that volume contained between the basin's one-hundred-year flood elevation and the lowest elevation of the basin floor, except that in the case of a wet detention basin, 50% of the calculated volume shall be used for fee determination purposes.
- A. A wet detention basin is a detention basin designed to hold water for at least two continuous months during the spring/summer, where the ponding area covers at least 1/3 of the basin floor to an average depth of six inches of water, which supports wetland vegetation, and which meets the other design requirements set by the Conservation Commission.
- B. For the purposes of the bylaw, a wet detention basin shall be considered a constructed wetland and not acceptable as part of a wetland replication plan. As a constructed wetland, a wet detention basin shall be presumed to serve two wetlands values: pollution attenuation and flood control. The adjacent upland resource for wet detention basins shall extend two feet beyond the break in slope of the detention basin, unless the basin wetland attains dimensions consistent with jurisdiction under the Massachusetts Wetlands Protection Act, in which case a full one-hundred-foot adjacent upland resource shall apply.
- Will be delineated, at the discretion of the Commission, through the use of one or more of the following characteristics:
Orders of conditions and bonding. In the specifying of an order of conditions and setting of bond, the Conservation Commission may, at its choosing, set additional conditions and impose bond requirements to ensure adherence to permit requirements. The Commission may request a bond to be held by the Planning Board to assure completion of the project, if the Planning Board has jurisdiction over the project.
Permitting in the context of outstanding violations. No permit shall be issued for any project to an applicant who has an outstanding violation of this article:
Recording a notice of violation. The Conservation Commission may record a notice of violation issued under this section with the Registry of Deeds when:
It has information that the property in violation of this article may change ownership;
The owner of the property in violation has failed to respond to the notice of violation after 10 business days; or
The owner of the property in violation has failed to file a corrective notice of intent within 30 days of receipt of the notice of violation.
Fines. Each day or portion thereof during which a violation continues shall constitute a separate offense, and each violated provision of the bylaw, regulations or permit shall constitute a separate offense.
Revocation or suspension of permits. The Commission is hereby authorized, after a formal hearing, to revoke or suspend any permit, including renewal or transfers, for any person, corporation or business enterprise which has neglected or refused to pay fines issued under the Wetlands Protection Bylaw, pursuant to MGL C. 40, § 57, adopted by the Town of Groton in 1992.
Abatement of fines. The Conservation Commission may abate fines imposed under this article, in part or in whole, at its discretion.


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If you watch one skater during the winter olympics, it has got to be this one. What Yulia Lipnitskaya (who is 15! When I was 15 i could barely tie my shoes! It was actually pretty sad.) can do with just her skates, some ice, and a fly-ass outfit is MAGIC. Okay, I'm sure there were years and years of hard work in there, too, but the rest has got to be magic. (Probably dark magic, because I can't stand the thought of someone having so much talent and not also being a dark lord of the underworld.)
But damn, those jumps! That flexibility! Do you think there's still time for us to get this good?
the video is taken from The European Championships and is the same program Lipnitskaya performed today in The Olympics. We're back to The Olympics! I'm going to use all my internet powers to keep the video alive. The video can also be found here.

subset: commoncrawl


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Kala Jadu Specialist Molvi Ji In Gujarat
Just that you have landed on this page confirms that you came here in search of a kala jadu specialist molviji who can solve your problem. We have the most approached specialist with us who goes by the name Moulana Rashid Khan. He has been attending clients from all over the world to help them with his expert kala jadu remedies for any sort of problems people face in their lives.
Powerful Kala Jadu Specialist Molviji For All Your Problems
Kala jadu has remedies for getting love back, relationship issues, property litigations, husband-wife problems, problems between friends, issues at work place, problematic neighbours and so on. With the help of kala jadu you can definitely take any person into your control and can destroy negative people and situations with a blink of the eye. It can also counter kala jadu effect that was put on you by your enemy.
Moulana Rashid Khan, the renowned kala jadu specialist molviji will be available to you over call or whatsapp and can give you instant solution within few hours. He asks the problems you are facing and come up with excellent jadu that works and which suits you. He is the world famous specialist who has been providing his service from many years. No other specialist is as experienced and skilful as him when it comes to performing kala jadu perfectly.
Best Kala Jadu Specialist In India
Kala jadu requires several spells to control and operate the person you desire. Not every random person who has little or improper knowledge can perform it. It needs an expert hand to play it accurately and safely to get the desired result. Our specialist has acquired the skill and fame in people by providing many best solutions from over the years.
You don't have to doubt or worry about whether it works for you or not. Just approach us if you have any enemy who is planning evil against you, poking you constantly or anyone who has been doing wrong with you. Once you are aware that you have a threat to you, your life or to your people, it is not at all a good thing to delay anymore. You have to immediately contact our specialist, so that we can clear your problem very easily with 100 percent safety assurance of your well-being.
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You can have blind faith on our kala jadu specialist molviji. The very fact that he had helped many people and had 100 percent success rate itself proves you that you too can get the benefit from our specialist. Moulana will treat his client as his own family member and will put all his effort and experience to eradicate the evil out from your live. He is the reason for happiness in thousands of lives today. He had mended many ill-mannered people with his kala jadu techniques.
Only kala jadu has that speciality in it which can put any kind of negative effect in your life. Don't delay in thinking so much about it. Trust that you are in safe hands once you approach our specialist. We are waiting for your call.


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I'd love to go to Cuba before it gets modernized and touristy. I understand it's a time capsule. Of course their Internet service is strictly controlled and people are still being thrown in prison for wrong thinking and such--maybe when it is opened up some of that will change. It's certainly a holdout of the old Communist style.deHavilland wrote:I was going to go to Cuba but then I didn't. ... March, I guess.
CC21106 wrote:Belated Happy New Year! Let's hope 2018 beats 2017. And this is the year I'm going to see LM live! If all goes well I will get to see the touring production in Dallas, Texas.
Auf die Barrikaden wrote:Another year older...oh Happy New Year everyone! Currently speculating alot about a what if 1992/93 Les Mis movie musical. Finally found one great cast choice.
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Have you misplaced your boarding pass or require a Travel Certificate for your recent trip. Simply submit your request online and we shall revert to you via email within 4 working days.
Please Note: Jet Airways charges a nominal fee of INR 250 per ticket, per guest towards each Travel Certificate requested for any Jet Airways flight. In addition, GST of 5% will be levied per transaction for tickets issued in Economy and service tax of 12% will be levied for tickets issued in First Class / Première.
Error! Please fill the required fields.
(Inclusive of GST)


text:
How Do I Make Nourishing Drinks?
How Do I Make Nourishing Drinks?
This product is also available in NDR Prescribe.
Please note that you must register or log in to purchase this resource.
|NDR-UK Ref No:
|Publication Format:
|A5 leaflet
|Pack size:
|Publication date:
|Last Review:
|Next Review:
Recipes to encourage people with cancer to have nourishing drinks between meals to increase the calorie and protein content of their diet.
Note sample contents remain correct. Updated review dates have been applied to the printed copy.
Advice requires some explanation from a Health Professional who has basic nutrition knowledge to enable correct implementation.
To enable clients and their carers understand how to adapt their diet to cope with a range of side effects associated with their cancer or the treatment and to improve their diet generally.
The Target Group will understand how to adapt their diet to cope with a range of side effects associated with their cancer, its treatment and/or to improve the diet generally for people with eating/appetite difficulties during palliative care/convalescense.
- Abayomi J, Kirwan J, Hackett A. Coping mechanisms used by women in an attempt to avoid symptoms of chronic radiation enteritis. Journal Of Human Nutrition And Dietetics: The Official Journal Of The British Dietetic Association (2009) 22;4: 310-316.
- Eldridge B. Hamilton K. Nutrition for the Person With Cancer
During Treatment: A Guide for Patients and Families (2004) American cancer society
- Fearon K, Barber MD, Moses AG. The cancer cachexia syndrome Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America 2001;10(1):109-26
- Guren M, Tobiassen L, Trygg K, Drevon C, Dueland S. Dietary intake and nutritional indicators are transiently compromised during radiotherapy for rectal cancer. European Journal Of Clinical Nutrition (2006) 60;1: 113-119.
- HOPKINSON J.B. How people with advanced cancer manage changing eating habits. Journal of Advanced Nursing (2007) 59(5), 454–462
- Hutton JL. Martin L. Field CJ.Wismer WV.et al. Dietary patterns in patients with advanced cancer: implications for anorexia-cachexia therapy American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2006 Nov; 84 (5): 1163-70
- Inga M Andrew,Kerry Waterfield, Anthony J Hildreth, Graeme Kirkpatrick, Colette Hawkins, Quantifying the impact of standardized assessment and symptom management tools on symptoms associated with cancer-induced anorexia cachexia syndrome, Palliative Medicine 23(8) 680–688, 2009
- Isenring EA, Bauer JD, Capra S. Nutrition support using the American Dietetic Association medical nutrition therapy protocol for radiation oncology patients improves dietary intake compared with standard practice. Journal of the American Dietetic Association. 2007 Mar;107(3):404-12
- Iversen PO, Wisløff F, Gulbrandsen N. Reduced nutritional status among multiple myeloma patients during treatment with high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell support. Clinical Nutrition 2010 Aug;29 (4):488-91. Epub 2009 Dec 30.
- Levine ME, Gillis MG, Koch SY, Voss AC, Stern RM, Koch KL. Protein and ginger for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced delayed nausea. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. 2008 Jun;14(5):545-51.
- Management of nutrition related side effects Canadian cancer society
http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/diagnosis-and-treatment/managing-side-effects/?region=on (accessed 12/2015)
- Marino Monique J. , Patton Amanda (eds) Cancer Nutrition Services:
A Practical Guide for Cancer Programs The Association of Community Cancer Centers 2012
- Pauloski B, Rademaker A, Logemann J, Newman L, MacCracken E, Stachowiak L, et al. Relationship between swallow motility disorders on videofluorography and oral intake in patients treated for head and neck cancer with radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy Head & Neck (2006) 28;12: 1069-1076.
- Peregrin T.Improving Taste Sensation in Patients Who Have Undergone Chemotherapy or Radiation Therapy Journal of the American dietetic association (2006)106;10:1536-1540
- Ravasco P, Monteiro-Grillo I, Marques Vidal P, Camilo M. Impact of nutrition on outcome: a prospective randomized controlled trial in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy Head & Neck (2005) 27;8: 659-668
- Ravasco P. Moneteiro-grillo I et al Dietary counseling improves patient outcomes: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial in colorectal cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy Journal Clinical Oncology (2005) 1;23(7):1431-8.


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Here We Go Again, Another NYC Snowstorm Coming Tonight - No Parking On Roosevelt Island Streets Says RIOC But Time For Building Snowmen And Snowforts
Snowy Southpoint Park Image From Rosanna Ceruzzi
According to the Roosevelt Island Operating Corp (RIOC)
The National Weather Service is forecasting for snow to begin falling in the NYC Metropolitan area after midnight tonight through Friday, February 14th, 2014 at 6:00 A.M. with an accumulation of anywhere from 8- 12 inches.Time to build some snowmen
Thus, effective at 12:00 A.M., Thursday, February 13th, 2014, there will be no parking on both sides of Main St. on Roosevelt Island until 12:00 P.M., Friday, February 14th, 2014.
Free parking will be available at the Motorgate garage and underneath the Helix Ramp beginning at 12:00 A.M., Thursday, February 13th 2014 through 12:00 P.M., Friday, February 14th, 2014. This accommodation is for Roosevelt Island residents ONLY. It is imperative that vehicles parked underneath the Helix ramp be moved by 12:00 P.M. Friday, February 14th, 2014 in order to accommodate the Farmer's Market on Saturday, February 15th, 2014.
Vehicles that do not abide by the aforementioned regulations may be summonsed and subject to being towed at the owner's expense.
If you have any questions or problems, please contact the Roosevelt Island Public Safety Department at 212- 832- 4545. You may also visit the Motorgate Parking Garage offices located on the 4th floor of the garage.
Roosevelt Island Operating Corp Advisories Group
Snow man guard #SnowMan #Frosty pic.twitter.com/qKbJWeggcq
and snow forts.
— Fabio (@pisolog) February 8, 2014
Admiring awesome snow fort on our neighbor's balcony below! #snowfort @ Roosevelt Island http://t.co/PZXAY1RMfW
— Sharon Lee Williams (@Sharon3williams) February 10, 2014


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Tis the season for romance, snuggling up next to a fire with the one you love, and mistletoe! But the latter doesn't have to be hung from a doorway for you to reap the benefits. Why not just draw the design on your digits?
Nail artist Simcha Whitehill aka Miss Pop shows and tells you exactly how to copy this mistletoe and kisses mani.
1. Prep and paint. "After you've filed your nails into the desired shape, pushed back your cuticles" — remember, DO NOT CUT THEM!— "and applied a basecoat, paint your nails with a non-sheer, nude polish as your base color," says Whitehill. Lauren used Christian Dior Vernis Nail Lacquer in Beige Safari.
2. Dot on three dabs of polish to make the mistletoe berries. "Using a dotter tool, dip the smaller end into a red glitter-y polish and create three tiny dots in a triangle shape at the base of your nail," she says. "Do so at the base of the pointer and ring fingers off to one side to make it frame the nail." The polish used here was Orly Nail Lacquer in Rock-It.
3. Layer on the leaves. "With an emerald green polish and a striper brush, draw two "V's" — one on top of the other — on each side of the mistletoe berries, pointing outward away from the red dots," explains Whitehill. "Then, draw two little strokes inside of the "V's" to fill in the inside." Lauren used Deborah Lippmann Nail Lacquer in Laughin' to the Bank.
4. Complete the leaf design. Using the same green polish and the striper brush that you used in the step above, finish the leaf look by drawing a slender triangle on top of the last "V".
5. Create two dots to begin the lip design. "With a similar red hue to the one you used earlier, dip your dotter tool into your crimson shade of choice to create two dots right next to each other," says Whitehill. "This will create the cupid's bow aka the top of the lips." Lauren used Deborah Lippmann and Stop and Stare here.
6. Connect the dots to make a smile. "Using a striper brush and the red polish you just used in the previous step, create a curved line directly below the two dots, and then draw a diagonal line on each side of the two dots going downward and outward that should connect to the curved line," she says. "Then, fill in the open space to forms the full lip shape."
7. Mix it up. For variety, alternate polish shades between a bright red and a sparkly red to create multiple lip colors!
Now you have a reason to kiss your man anytime, anywhere.
Photo Credit: Elizabeth Griffin
Follow Carly Cardellino on Facebook and Twitter.
More great tutorials:
Hair How-To: Party-Perfect Glam Roll
How To Create Edgy Graffiti Nails
Makeup How-To: Plum-Perfect Smoky Eyes


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Find Your Waxy's
Sharing is caring!
Friend and follow on Facebook, Twitter and YouTube.
Friend and follow on Facebook, Twitter and YouTube.
Did you know you can own your own Waxy's franchise? This is the opportunity you have been waiting for... so what are you waiting for?
Interested in a career in Waxy's? We post all of our job vacancies in our jobs section. You can also sign-up for email alerts when new jobs are posted.
Waxy's work with local communities and charities to raise funds and support local communities. Interested in becoming a Waxy's Charity?


text:
More About Trees and Plants...
I love red clover blossoms. I love their fragrance.
I'd have sworn that red clover was a North American wildflower, but it's a native of Europe, western Asia and northwestern Africa (according to Wikipedia.) Nonetheless, it is the state flower of Vermont. Obviously, it has been naturalized on this continent for a long time.
Clover blossoms right now are about as nice as they will be all summer in Kentucky. Both the red clover and white clover are blooming profusely as farmers prepare to make the first cutting of hay. It would be a good time to pick some blossoms and make a batch of clover "honey".
I've bought a pound of white clover seed a couple of times and sprinkled it across the part of our little property that we call "the meadow," (an optimistic label.) Rabbits love the clover leaves and blossoms, and groundhogs have also come to feast. I enjoyed seeing them. Now, little by little, the grass has choked out most of the clover. I should sprinkle some more seed.


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Phil Anselmo Offers Advice to Aspiring Metal Acts, Delivers Poetic Reading of AC/DC Classic
Yes the world has changed since Phil Anselmo first came up through the ranks while making a name for himself in Pantera. But the rocker has continued to evolve over the years and is very in touch with how things operate these days both as an artist and a label chief and he's ready to share his wisdom with aspiring metal acts.
In a new video posted via Fuse, Anselmo offers his tips, which include two seemingly contradictory ideals that can be used to strengthen your career. At the beginning of the clip, he states, "First of all, rip off about 20 of your favorite bands, not two. Twenty! Thirty! Take every influence in the world that you love personally and make it part of your repertoire, if you will, and eventually you'll find an original sound in there somewhere in there."
But on the opposing side, he also champions innovation. The vocalist says, "Big ups to all the kids out there who are innovators and changing things, not just imitating. I love digging for the new innovators of music. I love it, I love it, I love it, I live for it. And once again, I'll say it, 'Keep on fighting, you youngsters.'"
Other tips Anselmo suggests are constant gigging and practice, being willing to gig for nothing to get the experience, being honest in your approach and making yourself as visible as you can through shows, media and other outlets.
To see Anselmo's full list of advice for aspiring metallers, watch the video below. In other recent Anselmo news, the rocker recently offered up a spoken word version of the hit AC/DC song, 'It's a Long Way to the Top (If You Wanna Rock N Roll).' With Anselmo's version, it comes off more as a manifesto and definitely takes on a darker feel with the Angus Young riffage replaced by haunting piano.
Watch Phil Anselmo Advise Aspiring Rockers
Watch Phil Anselmo Recite AC/DC's 'It's a Long Way to the Top (If You Wanna Rock N Roll)'


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Welcome to the Graffë Forums.
Political, debatable, questionable... if it's not Game related it should go on here! Beware, this is considered a mature forum.
Yesterday, 05:21 PM
Mother's day is over, so on...
May 19th, 2019, 08:24 PM
Need to vent some steam? Do it here! Just don't expect the moderators to bail you out if the collected conscious of the board comes to destroy you and your post...
April 18th, 2019, 01:46 PM
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Can't find the blue "E" on your desktop, or just dumbfounded over that silly error you're getting? Ask the Graffe Tech Squad for some help!
Yesterday, 03:49 PM
Want to discuss an online-only Persistent Character Game (Diablo, WoW, EQ, Guild Wars)? This is the place!
World of Warcraft :: WoW Classic
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This is for all Single Player and non-persistent games. Skyrim, Counter Strike, etc.
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Dexter Season 7 Trailer [Video]
The 7th season of Dexter is right around the corner and the anticipation is killing everyone!
From the trailer it looks like Dexter' s sister finally catches up with him and all hell breaks loose! We're gonna have to wait til September 30th to see how everything plays out.


text:
Landing Page Examples & Critiques
Landing page examples collected from Unbounce customers and other marketers that you can use for design and copy inspiration. Each example includes a critique of what's good, and what could be changed or tested.
Here's a popular one to start with: 22 Brutally Honest Landing Page Critiques.


text: I am setting up concrete5 with nginx and I'm running into an issue with it being in a subdirectory instead of vhost. The error I'm getting is: concrete5 cannot parse the PATH_INFO or ORIG_PATH_INFO information provided by your server. I have the following setup in my location. Am I missing something? Thanks location ~ /concrete5/.*\.php$ { try_files $uri =404;include fastcgi_params;fastcgi_pass php5-fpm-sock;fastcgi_index index.php;set $script $uri;set $path_info "/concrete5/";if ($uri ~ "^(.+\.php)(/.+)") {set $script $1;set $path_info $2;}fastcgi_param URI $uri;fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $script;fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$script;}


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Aconan is the god of creation in the Dalatiist religion. Aconan created and creates all things but minds, which Asknand fashions. Aconan is an inexplicable force; he has no compassion for his impish creations, and we are only saved from his wrath through the protection of Asknand. Aconan takes the form of a great octopus, in whose skin the history and future of the universe is reflected.
"Aconan is responsible for the beauty and terror of everything."
by samalot July 16, 2008
buy the domain for your foodie blog


text: There is a lengthy thread about it at the Apple Discussion forum and quite a few upset 3GS users. The simple truth is that the progeny of the iPod and a telephone is plagued by none other than poorly implemented system sounds. What has been characterised as 'whiny' and 'squeaky' is an issue with feedback between the mic and speakers. For the moment, manual fixes are possible by tweaking the volume of both the mic and speakers, but nothing so Apple-esque that it 'just works'. Apparently, the Apple Store 'Genius Bar' has been soused in Apple's extra fizzy drink as they are mum about Apple's mistaken programming, citing rather, faulty hardware, thus delivering the problem into the hardware manufacturers.


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Society of Physics Students Hosts Regional Conference, Feb. 28, 2002
SOCORRO, N.M., February 28, 2002 -- The New Mexico Tech chapter of the Society of Physics Students (SPS) will host the student organization's regional conference this weekend at various locations around the Tech campus.
Registration for university students attending the SPS Zone 16 conference will be held Friday evening, and will be immediately followed by a star party for participants at the Etscorn Campus Observatory.
Saturday's conference schedule will include a morning tour of New Mexico Tech's Energetic Materials Research and Testing Center, complete with a field demonstration of explosives testing typically conducted at the research facilty, as well as an afternoon of technical presentations delivered by undergraduates involved in research projects at their respective universities.
Saturday evening will be dedicated to more "recreational" pursuits, with conference participants competing in "Physics Jeopardy" and launching glow-in-the-dark soccer balls with their hand-built trebuchets, a type of large catapult.
On Sunday, nearly 60 representatives of SPS chapters from New Mexico Tech, New Mexico State University, University of New Mexico, Northern Arizona University, University of Arizona, Arizona State University, and the University of Texas at El Paso will conduct a morning-long business meeting.
Conference attendees will then be treated to an afternoon tour of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory's Very Large Array (VLA) radio telescope facility.
New Mexico Tech's SPS chapter, host of this year's regional SPS conference, was honored last year with the "Outstanding SPS Chapter Award," and more recently was chosen to receive the organization's "Marsh White Award," which consists of $300 to be used by the winning chapter to design and construct a trebuchet.


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Our API directory now includes 203 photo APIs. The newest is the Getty Images Connect API. The most popular, in terms of mashups, is the Flickr API. We list 600 Flickr mashups. Below you'll find some more stats from the directory, including the entire list of photo APIs.
In terms of the technical details, REST and XML lead the way. There are 150 photo REST APIs and 18 photo XML-RPC APIs. Our directory lists 102 photo XML APIs and 87 photo JSON APIs.
The most common tags within photo are 56 social photo APIs, 29 video photo APIs and 15 mobile photo APIs
On the mashup side, we list 753 photo mashups. We named LOCPix as mashup of the day in January.
For reference, here is a list of all 203 photo APIs.
10x10 API: Photo and news analysis service
23 API: Photo sharing service
3defy API: Online 3D modelling service
500px API: Online community for photographers
Alexa Site Thumbnail API: Thumbnail images of web site home pages
AOL Pictures API: Online photo management
AppspotImage API: Image manipulation service
Aviary Effects API: Photo filter and effects service
Aviary Mobile API: Mobile image editing service
Aviary Suite API: Image editing service
Aviary Web API: Image editing service
Baba change API: Photo sharing Service
Betaface API: Face detection and recognition service
Blubrry API: Media hosting service
BlueMelon API: Photo sharing and storage service
Blurb API: Social book publishing platform
br.st API: Twitter web based client, url shortener and image sharing
Bums.se API: Photo sharing and storage service
Burstn API: Instant photo sharing and storage service
Buzznet API: Photo sharing
Catch.com API: Content capturing and notes application
Cellblock API: Real-time Multimedia File Sharing
Cheezburger API: Online humor and lolcat service
CinchCast API: Content sharing service
Cortexica API: Image recognition service
Cozimo API: Online Image and Video Collaboration
Cutcaster API: Stock photography and images marketplace
CycloMedia GlobeSpotter API: Local panoramic visualizations
DailyBooth API: Social photo sharing service
Dipity API: Interactive timeline creation services
earthmine Flash Viewer API: Street-level imagery services
EasyImg API: Online image and graphics editing service
Embedly API: Rich media embed utility
Ericsson 3D Landscape API: 3D Landscape Tool
Expono API: Photo storage and sharing service
ExposureManager API: Photograph sales service
Face.com API: Face Recognition
FaceDetection API: Image recognition service
Faces.com API: Photo and media sharing service
Family Photoloom API: Family tree and photo service
FanFeedr Image API: Sports photos service
FeaturePics API: Stock photography provider
Fishup API: Online photo sharing service
Flickr API: Photo sharing service
Flickr Real-Time API: Realtime photo updates from Flickr
Flixya API: Video, photo, and blog sharing platform
Fonxvard API: Image manipulation service
Foodspotting API: Food review and sharing service
Fotki API: Photo sharing service
Fotobabble API: Talking photo service
FotoFlexer API: Online image editor
Fotolia API: Royalty free stock photos
Fotomoto API: Image marketplace service
foursquare API: Social networking and city exploration
Frinly API: Photo sharing service
Fspic API: Photo sharing for the Foursquare service
Geograph API: British Isles photo service
GetMapping API: Aerial photography and mapping service
Getty Images Connect API: Licensed photography platform
Glosk API: Location Based Photo Search
Google Picasa API: Photo management and sharing service
Gravatar API: Online Avatar Service
HipGeo API: Trip tracking and recording application
idiomag API: Musical artist information service
Image Color Summarizer API: Graphic/image analysis service
Image Pack API: Image editing tool
imageLoop API: Animated slideshow service
ImageShack API: Online photo and video sharing service
IMG to CSS API: Image files to CSS converter
img.ly API: Photo sharing service
Imgur API: Photo sharing service
Instagram API: Mobile photo sharing service
Instagram Real-time API: Real-time image sharing service
Ipernity API: Media sharing service
IQ Engines API: Image recognition service
iStockphoto API: Royalty free stock photos
Ity.im API: URL shortening service
iwannagothere API: Community-based travel guide
Joomeo API: Media interfacing service
Jotly API: Rating application
Kazle API: Social Network Management
kooaba Query API: Image recognition service
Library of Congress Prints & Photographs API: Image search service
LifePics API: Photo printing e-commerce service
Lockerz API: Photo sharing service
Locr API: Photo geotagging and sharing service
LookStat API: Microstock photographer solution service
LTU Engine/ON Demand API: Image matching and search
magickly API: Image manipulation service
MediaSock API: Photo management and sharing service
Message Faces API: Display sender portraits in email inbox
Minus API: Web based drag-and-drop sharing platform
mlkshk API: Image sharing service
Mobli API: Real-time media sharing and social networking platform
Mobypicture API: Mobile photo sharing service
MOO API: Web based printing service
Moodstocks API: Image recognition and search service
Muecs API: Media file sharing service
Mugr API: Face recognition service
Multiply API: Social networking and media management
Mydrmspace.com API: Digital Watermarking Service
MyHeritage Family Graph API: Free and instant access to millions of families
Myplaylist API: Photo slideshow for music services
National Maritime Museum API: Maritime museum online collection
Nirvanix API: Internet storage service
Online OCR API: Web based OCR service
Ookaboo API: Creative Commons photo search service
Orange Personal Photos API: Mobile photo sharing
Orb API: Digital media remote access and management
PageGlimpse API: Thumbnail generator
Pando API: File delivery and management services
Panoramio API: photo upload site with organizer and geolocation
Patrick's Aviation API: Aviation Video Data Service
Peecho API: Digital content to print documents service
Phanfare API: Photo and video sharing service
pho.to API: Online photo editing and presentation platform
Photobucket API: Online photo sharing service
Photopoll API: Photo sharing and poll service
PhotoShelter API: Web solution for photographers
PhotoShow API: Photo management service
PhotoXpress API: Digital image store
Photozou API: Photo sharing service
PicApp API: Photo sharing service
Picmember API: Photo sharing service
Picnik API: Online photo editing service
Picozu API: Photo and drawing editing and retouching application
PicPlz API: Photo sharing and filtering platform
PicScout API: Image management service
Picwing Printing API: Photo printing service
PicYou API: Photo sharing service
PicZasso API: Photo hosting service
Pikchur API: Photo and video uploading service
Pikeo API: Picture sharing service
Pinterest API: Social photo curation platform
Pixagogo API: Online photo services
Pixenate API: Online photo editing
pixlinQ searchimage API: mobile visual search
Pixlr API: Photo editing service
Pixmac API: Stock Photo Service
piZap API: Online photo editing service
Pond5 API: Stock media marketplace
Pongr Image Recognition API: Image Recognition Service
Postcard on the Run API: Photo to postcard service
Posterous API: Content sharing service
Qipit API: Mobile image scanning services
Qwiki API: Interactive wiki with media
Qwips API: Social voice-tagging service
Riya API: Photo search
ScreenTweet API: Media sharing service
ShootProof API: Photograph proofing, sharing, and selling platform
Shutter API: Photo and video sharing service
Shutterfly API: Photo printing service
ShutterPoint API: Stock photography service
Shutterstock API: Photo sharing and storage service
SimpleAPI API: Web site thumbnail image creation
SlideBomb API: Slideshow creation service
Smugmug API: Photo sharing service
SnapFish Publisher API: Photo printing service
Snapjoy API: Photo sharing and storage service
Snapr API: Real-time geosocial photosharing service
Snipshot API: Online photo editing service
Snoopon.me API: Screen sharing service
Steply API: Photo sharing mobile application
Stupeflix API: Video creation service
SuperFish API: Visual search service
Taggify API: Social commenting and photo sharing widget
Thinglink API: Image interaction service
Thumbalizr API: Thumbnail images of websites service
Thumbnail Ninja API: Image hosting and distribution
TinEye API: Reverse Image Search
Topsy API: Twitter search service
Totspot API: Private website creation service
Touchnote API: Create custom cards from photos
Transloadit API: Media upload, processing and storage
Trove API: Personal content management platform
Tvider API: Mobile Twitter Media Sharing/Uploading Service
TweetPhoto API: Twitter photo sharing service
Twicsy API: Twitter Picture Search
Twitgoo API: Twitter image sharing service
TwitPic API: Share photos on Twitter
TwitrPix API: Photo sharing service for Twitter
twitsnaps API: Twitter photo sharing
Twitxr API: Mobile photo sharing
Twivatar API: Twitter avatar service
TYPOGRAFFIT API: Text to Image Converter
Utata API: Photo sharing platform
Veer API: Stock photo, illustration, and font provider
Viewbook API: Online Photo Sharing/Management Service
Wappwolf API: File management service
WebPurify Image Filter API: Automated image moderation service
WebResizer API: Online image editing tool
WebShots API: Photo sharing service
Windows Live Spaces Photo API: Photo management services
Windows Live Spaces Photo Control API: Programmable widget for blog photos
World Bank API: Worldwide indicators, business, and photo databases
XmgImage API: Photo sharing and editing
Yahoo Image Search API: Image search services
Yandex Fotok API: Photo sharing service
Zenfolio API: Photo sharing platform
ZimageZ API: Image hosting service
Zoom.it API: Photo conversion and sharing service
Zooomr API: Photo and text message sharing service
Zoto API: Photo sharing service


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Dahm, Fernandez, and Hooten named Macey Scholars, Nov. 13, 2007
by George Zamora
SOCORRO, N.M., November 13, 2007 – A trio of New Mexico Tech students recently were named recipients of the university's prestigious 2007-2008 Macey Scholars Program. The honor includes a $5,000 scholarship award for each of the selected students.
New Mexico Tech seniors Katharine G. Dahm, Joseph A. Fernandez, Jr., and Carla Hooten were selected as Macey Scholars on the basis of their demonstrated academic accomplishments — both in the classroom and the research laboratory — as well as their active participation in institutional service and co-curricular activities.
As part of their being named Macey Scholars, the selected Tech students are required to organize and administer a campus-wide seminar on a specific topic of interest to them, which will have a broad appeal to a university audience. The Macey Scholars Seminar Series will be presented during the 2008 Spring Semester at New Mexico Tech.
The Macey Scholars Program is funded by an endowment established by William B. Macey of Albuquerque. Macey graduated from the New Mexico School of Mines (as New Mexico Tech was known in its earlier years) in 1942, and also was awarded an honorary doctorate by Tech in 1984.
Hooten (right) is the daughter of David and Debi Hooten of Panhandle, Texas. She was recently accepted to medical school for the fall term of 2008.
During the course of her undergraduate education at New Mexico Tech, Hooten has been conducting research on the effects of Southwestern medicinal plants on the proliferation of breast cancer cells. Her ongoing research, done under the guidance of her faculty advisor, New Mexico Tech chemistry professor Wim Steelant, has so far resulted in the publication of two technical articles in peer-reviewed science journals.
In addition, Hooten recently presented a poster on her research study at an international oncology conference in Crete, Greece.
At New Mexico Tech, Hooten also has been involved with student government, serving one semester as Student Association Vice President, and currently is employed as a Resident Assistant and Hall Director with the university's Residential Life Office.
Hooten also volunteers on a regular basis for several other university and state organizations, including the New Mexico Tech Health Center, the Albuquerque Rescue Shelter, the Apprentice Ecologist Foundation, and the New Mexico Five Star Science Competition.
Katharine Graham Dahm (left) is a senior majoring in environmental engineering.
In addition to being named a Macey Scholar, Dahm also is a recipient of the prestigious Tau Beta Pi Scholarship, sponsored by the national engineering honor society. In connection with this honor, she has received a cash award of $2,000 for her senior year of study.
Dahm is the daughter of Clifford Dahm and Rhea Graham of Placitas, N.M. She is a graduate of Rio Rancho High School.
During the course of her undergraduate education at New Mexico Tech, Dahm also has compiled extensive research experience in her position as research assistant for the university's Department of Environmental Engineering.
Along with New Mexico Tech environmental engineering professor Clint Richardson, Dahm has investigated the remediation of residues left in soils from explosive materials by using a nitrate reductase enzyme found in spinach. The ongoing study is funded by the Waste-Management and Education Research Consortium (WERC) and the Institute of Hazardous Materials Management (IHMM).
Last year, Dahm was invited to present her research findings at the national conference of the Academy of Certified Hazardous Materials Managers in Orlando, Fla.
Dahm also has participated in a summer internship program and maintains a current part-time position with Golder Associates, Inc., an environmental consulting firm in Albuquerque, in which her work has focused on mine tailings top surface analysis by using heat dissipation sensors to estimate moisture flux through the tailings pile.
"New Mexico Tech has set very high standards for its students, and my experiences at Tech have pushed me to become a well-educated and hard-working individual," Dahm says.
"New Mexico Tech provides its students with excellent opportunities in every field of study," she adds, "and I am grateful to have had the opportunity - as an undergraduate - to work closely with faculty on projects that interest me."
Dahm is an active member of the New Mexico Tech student chapter of Tau Beta Pi, and currently is serving as the chapter's president. She previously served as chapter cataloger.
In addition, she also is a student member of several other professional organizations at New Mexico Tech, including the American Water Works Association; the Water Environment Federations; the American Society of Civil Engineers; and the Society of Women Engineers.
"I have especially enjoyed being a part of the Tau Beta Pi collegiate chapter at New Mexico Tech," Dahm says. "I had the opportunity to meet amazing engineers, both at New Mexico Tech and at other universities through the Tau Beta Pi national organization."
In her spare time, Dahm is active in individual and club sports at New Mexico Tech, participating in women's soccer and rugby, tennis, rock climbing, mountain biking, hiking, and also enjoys dabbling in oil painting.
Joseph Anthony Fernandez, Jr., (right) a graduate of St. Pius X High School, is now a senior majoring in electrical engineering at New Mexico Tech.
In addition Fernandez, also is a recipient of the prestigious Tau Beta Pi Scholarship, sponsored by the national engineering honor society. In connection with this honor, he has received a cash award of $2,000 for his senior year of study.
Fernandez is the son of Rosalie and Joseph A. Fernandez, Sr. of Albuquerque.
During the course of his undergraduate education at New Mexico Tech, Fernandez also has compiled extensive research experience by participating in an internship program each summer since 2004 with Sandia National Laboratories, during which he has focused on testing software packages and discrete semiconductor components under various environmental conditions.
"I've had a lot of tough classes and labs while attending New Mexico Tech, but I feel that they've benefited me considerably," Fernandez says. "Academically, Tech is very tough, but I was well prepared for it with my high school studies."
Fernandez is an active member of the New Mexico Tech student chapter of Tau Beta Pi, and currently is serving as the chapter's correspondence secretary.
In addition, he also is a member and officer of several other student organizations at New Mexico Tech, including the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (vice chair); the university's St. Patrick's Newman Association (communications coordinator); and the Tech Automotive Racing Club (president).
"I've spent a lot of time organizing the racing club's activities, such as on-campus autocross races, and I really enjoy participating in that club as it gives me a chance to get away from schoolwork and do something different," Fernandez says.
In his spare time, Fernandez also enjoys competing in some of those same autocross events, working on cars, and playing softball and racquetball.
"Because New Mexico Tech is a small school, as a student you really need to make your own happiness and find things to do, and all of the clubs that I'm a part of have helped me do that," Fernandez relates.
[Information on Katherine Dahm and Carla Hooten is pending.]


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text:
Shea Morris Shuts Out Austin Peay Twice
Nashville, Tenn. – Shea Morris threw two complete game shutouts against Austin Peay on Sunday in an Ohio Valley Conference doubleheader. The sophomore went 6.1 innings in game one holding the Lady Govs hitless before Lauren de Castro ended the no-hit bid. Tennessee State would win a pair of 5-0 ballgames to improve to 14-31 and 5-14 in conference play. APSU dropped to 15-24 and 6-15 in the OVC.
Morris held Austin Peay to one hit in the opener as she fanned 11 batters. Head coach Jeff Dabney gave the nod to Morris again in game two after the sophomore threw just 100 pitches, 75 for strikes, in game one. In the nightcap, Morris scattered six hits and two walks as she fired her fourth shutout of the season. The Lawrenceburg native struck out seven while tossing 118 pitches, 86 for strikes.
With the two wins, Morris moved to 10-16 on the year and now has 178 punch outs. The two shutouts also move her into a tie for third with six on the TSU career list.
In game one, Jennifer Givens put the Tigers on the board in the third inning. After reaching on a single and moving to second on a Kiarra Freeman ground out, Givens stole third base and created an errant throw that would allow her to score standing up.
Later in the inning, Audrey Sensing delivered a single to left to bring home Kacie Daugherty, who reached on a walk, making the score 2-0 after three innings.
The Tigers would add to the lead with two more runs in the fourth. Briana Roberts made the score 3-0 as she crossed home plate on a sacrifice fly by Daugherty. Two batters later, with bases loaded, Lindsey Burgess grounded out to first plating Givens from third.
Freeman closed out the scoring in the fifth inning with a single to left that brought home Ashley Haynes. Freeman, Givens and Haynes each finished the game with two hits apiece. Sensing and Tedra Alford each recorded a hit in the game.
In game two, the Tigers would give all she would need in the first inning. Givens and Freeman led-off the bottom of the first inning with back-to-back singles. The duo executed a double steal to give Daugherty runners in scoring position. The freshman followed with a single of her own that Givens would score on to take an early 1-0 lead.
The score would stay the same until TSU added four insurance runs in the fifth. Haynes opened the inning with a double to right center and scored a batter later as Kate Morris laid down a sacrifice bunt. Morris reached safely as the attempt to throw her out wound up in right field. Morris took second as Haynes touched home.
With bases loaded, Alford hit a ground ball to third for what seemed to be the final out of the inning. Freeman was able to use her speed and avoid the tag and reached third safely to extend the inning. On the play, Givens scored for the fourth time of the day and pushed the score to 3-0. Burgess followed with a hard single landing just inside the leftfield line to plate Daugherty and Freeman.
The Tigers used the four unearned runs to take a 5-0 lead.
APSU had started to show life as they threatened in the third, fourth, and fifth, but Morris and the Tigers would shut down the Lady Govs forcing them to strand five runners over the period. Mel Pavel led off the top of the sixth with a blast to centerfield. Jennifer Givens broke back and leaped as she reached the wall to catch and bring back a would-be home run for the APSU catcher. The catch ignited TSU to sit down APSU in order to save the game.
Freeman added three more hits in the nightcap as Givens, Daugherty, Burgess and Haynes each registered a hit.
Kayla Davidson and Marissa Lake each had two hits for APSU.
TSU will host Tennessee Tech in a three-game OVC series on April 27-28. Both days will begin at 1:00 pm with a doubleheader on Saturday and a single game on Sunday.


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Goodmail Systems has been getting lots of press lately. They're offering CertifiedEmail, which is simultaneously a reputation, authentication, and payment system. They investigate potential customers, and refuse to serve spammers. They sign a customer's public key with their public key, and allow the customer to send signed emails. The mailbox provider verifies the signature and gets paid a little bit for their trouble.
Seems that people are wondering how this will reduce spam. It looks like a solution to false positives in mailbox providers' filters, not a solution to spam.
Ah! But what if you kept the false positive rate the same? That would mean that you could tighten down your filters in proportion to the good mail (systems) that bypasses your filters. Lower your bayesian or Spam Assassin thresholds because you know that a greater percentage of that email stream will be spam.
You could do the same thing using DomainKeys. That's where the most likely competitor to Goodmail will come from. Commerce usually increases when there is competition for two reasons: first, because customers think "Gee, there must be something to that system if two separate entities are trying to solve that problem the same way." Second, customers are more likely to spend money in a competitive free market, because while they aren't likely to be able to evaluate the proper fee to charge for signed email, a competitor will be.
People don't need to be valuation experts to buy something in a competitive market; the competitors do the valuation.


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Motorcycles to Black Stockings to an Honorable Knight
on July 5, 2016
If you're anything like me, then your mantra for summer reading is something along the lines of: Keep the books coming. With maybe the occasional muttered: Where is that darn tablet? Authors have taken note of both, with the end result being a July full of new titles aplenty as well as a good many… Read More