text:
Monday, November 29, 2010
Medical Mondays: Gun Shot Wounds, 101
Posted by Lydia Kang at 6:30 AM
43 comments:
- Alesa Warcan said...
- This comment has been removed by the author.
- November 29, 2010 at 7:04 AM
- salarsenッ said...
Ooh, yeah...got me some visuals with this one. Yuck on the wounds but high-five on the explanation. Thanks.
- November 29, 2010 at 7:07 AM
- Alesa Warcan said...
Congrats on owning that turkey!
The munitions used can completely change the nature of the wound, as you said, as they can have completely different terminal ballistics.
- November 29, 2010 at 7:12 AM
- Kerri C at CK Farm said...
Yay for the turkey! I confess that is not my department either.
Who knew there are so many factors that go into a gunshot wound. I'm sure we all will shoot a character eventually so this was great info!
- November 29, 2010 at 7:40 AM
- B.E. Sanderson said...
Woohoo for your turkey! Way to rock the bird. =o)
Another great post, Lydia. Thanks.
- November 29, 2010 at 7:43 AM
- Alex J. Cavanaugh said...
Good to know the details!
And glad your turkey rocked.
- November 29, 2010 at 8:18 AM
- Kelly said...
My hubby makes the turkey or else ours would not be so good! :)
Another interesting post. So fun to read different possibilities!
- November 29, 2010 at 8:19 AM
Congratulations on your turkey Lydia and thanks for another informative Medical Monday post.Although I hope that I never have any personal experience of G.S.W's.
- November 29, 2010 at 8:28 AM
- Connie said...
Glad to hear that the turkey went so well!
Thanks for the info on GSWs--I have one in one of my novels and wasn't sure I had the details correct.
- November 29, 2010 at 8:34 AM
- Jess said...
What an awesome blog! I came over here from Donea's blog (you were on the list of award winners). Very cool stuff--I look forward to more Medical Mondays :)
- November 29, 2010 at 8:35 AM
- Liza said...
Every Medical Monday is a learning experience. Thanks.
- November 29, 2010 at 8:44 AM
- Meredith said...
Congrats on owning the turkey! And thanks for all the knowledge. I'm hoping none of my characters get shot, but it's good to know what would happen :)
- November 29, 2010 at 9:00 AM
- LTM said...
ew ew ew!!! shredded muscle salad???
but funny: when we were all in the thick of L O S T and Locke got shot in the stomach, Hubs goes, "Oh, it's just a harmless gut wound."
ehrm. yes. He plays a doctor on TV. ;p but hooray for endorphins! :D
- November 29, 2010 at 9:16 AM
- Carol Kilgore said...
Another great Medical Monday!
Glad your turkey was awesome :)
- November 29, 2010 at 9:19 AM
- Deb Salisbury said...
Great explanation. Thanks!
Glad your turkey behaved itself. ;-)
- November 29, 2010 at 9:24 AM
- Jennee said...
Congrats on an excellent turkey! I love that you make me think about facts and details for characters! You are so helpful to my non-medical thinking mind!
- November 29, 2010 at 9:35 AM
- Bossy Betty said...
Congrats on your turkey success! Of course hearing about the "meat" of the calf right afterwards....hummm....
- November 29, 2010 at 9:43 AM
- notesfromnadir said...
I didn't know that a rifle shot bullets at a faster speed. Makes sense though.
Wow, bullet wounds sure can slow a character down.
Glad you had a great Thanksgiving!
- November 29, 2010 at 10:23 AM
- Jai Joshi said...
I adore your medical mondays. And regarding gun shot wounds, what writer at some point doesn't need to know how it all works?
I'm going to have a bunch of medical questions for you soon enough. I'm heading into dark territory in my writing.
- November 29, 2010 at 10:51 AM
- Holly Ruggiero said...
Ah, it wasn't super long; it was super interesting.
Glad you owned your turkey!
- November 29, 2010 at 10:59 AM
- Munk Davis said...
"Cavitation"... I never considered it occurring in flesh--that's gotta sting.
- November 29, 2010 at 11:02 AM
- Heather said...
Congrats on cooking a fantastic turkey! And great post on gun shot wounds. I never thought that much about them but now that I have there is a scene I have to change. Thank you!
- November 29, 2010 at 11:14 AM
- Old Kitty said...
Yay that you had a fab turkey!! Brilliant!!!
And I was going "ow, ow, ow"!! reading your post!! Oh dear!! So many ways to cause pain and injury! Thanks for this amazing post! Take care
- November 29, 2010 at 11:17 AM
- Colene Murphy said...
Geez, I thought for sure it would take longer than that, even if it was a simple gunshot wound! Neat to know!
Glad your turkey came out great! After Thanksgiving I'm convinced I will cook a turkey several times a year just because it's so yummy. Never do. Laziness always wins.
- November 29, 2010 at 11:47 AM
- Lenny Lee* said...
hi miss lydia! you did soooo good on that turkey!! hooray!! my dad one time was practicing that quick draw stuff but he got the trigger pulled before the gun got out of the holster and whamo got himself shot right smack in his leg but it was ok cause it didnt get a bone.
...hugs from lenny
- November 29, 2010 at 12:17 PM
- Laura Pauling said...
Thanks! I'll remember this if my character ever gets shot!
- November 29, 2010 at 12:25 PM
- The Golden Eagle said...
Congrats on cooking that turkey!
My characters get shot pretty often, so this Medical Mondays post was really helpful! Thanks, Lydia. :)
- November 29, 2010 at 1:01 PM
- Anne said...
I have yet to tackle my own turkey... One day!
- November 29, 2010 at 1:40 PM
- The Red Angel said...
Oh yay, congratulations on cooking a deliciously successful turkey!
This is probably one of the most interesting and one of my favorite Medical Monday posts! I've always wondered what the biological/ physiological results of a GSW has on a human body.
- November 29, 2010 at 1:44 PM
- Amanda Borenstadt said...
Thank you so much for answering my questions, Lydia. You are my Medical Monday angel! This helps so much!!! :)
- November 29, 2010 at 3:57 PM
- Shannon O'Donnell said...
My brain is reeling, but in a good way. Awesome post, Lydia!! :-)
- November 29, 2010 at 4:21 PM
- E. Arroyo said...
Ouch...sound like it hurts. A few of my characters are shot in my ms...this is good to know. I'll probably be emailing you a bit later. ☺ Great post!
- November 29, 2010 at 4:54 PM
Oy, such destructive things.
- November 29, 2010 at 6:17 PM
- Phoenix said...
Endorphins are awesome!
Oh, and if you're going to be a true geek, instead of "owned" you should say "pwned" for your turkey.
Just saying. Geek girls gotta represent. ;)
I hope you had a lovely Thanksgiving with your pwned Turkey!
- November 29, 2010 at 6:35 PM
- Olga said...
Hi Lydia!
Thank you very much for visiting my blog,commenting and being my follower. As a new girl in the blogosphere I appreciate it and try my best not to bore you too much.
I am also your new follower. I really enjoy your writing.
- November 29, 2010 at 9:53 PM
- Rachna Chhabria said...
Glad to hear that your turkey cooking went well.
Thanks for this post about gunshot wounds.
- November 30, 2010 at 5:28 AM
- Jonene Ficklin said...
Lydia, this post could not be more timely. My MC just got shot in the calf and I needed him to move and wondered if he could. Thanks so much!
- November 30, 2010 at 7:53 AM
- LeishaMaw said...
I love Medical Mondays. Thanks for the continuing info. Why do I have a sudden desire to shoot one of my characters in the leg?
- November 30, 2010 at 12:22 PM
- Susan Fields said...
Another great Medical Monday - thanks, Lydia!
- November 30, 2010 at 6:43 PM
- Abby Minard said...
Great info Lydia! Also, so glad your turkey turned out yummy!
- December 1, 2010 at 4:50 PM
I recently came accross your blog and have been reading along. I thought I would leave my first comment. I dont know what to say except that I have enjoyed reading. Nice blog.
- December 2, 2010 at 2:53 PM
- The Words Crafter said...
Giving you snaps and high fives for total turkey domination!
Really interesting with the GSW....
- December 4, 2010 at 8:11 AM
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- March 23, 2016 at 10:54 PM


text:
Charities and Correction, Department of[Record group 66]
Agency Function
- This agency has ceased to function.
- Agency History
- Established April 4, 1887, in pursuance of the Bullitt Bill and the enabling ordinance of 30 December 1886, to administer the House of Correction and the former County Alms House and all similar institutions under City control with the exception of the Municipal Hospital which remained under the jurisdiction of the Board of Health of the Department of Public Safety. The property of the then-abolished Managers of the House of Correction and the Guardians of the Poor was thus transferred to the control of the Department and placed under the direction, respectively, of its Bureau of Correction and Bureau of Charities. The Department was abolished by an Act of April 8, 1903 and an Ordinance of 20 April 1903; the Bureau of Charities was transferred to the Department of Public Health and Charities, the Bureau of Correction to the Department of Public Safety.
- Archival Records
- 66.1 Department of Charities and Correction. Annual Reports (1889-1902)
66.2 Rules for the Government of the Department (May 29, 1890)
Click on a folder or file to return to that level...
PhILS Home
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Current Agency Information Sheet. (Text-only version of this page)
Send your comments to firstname.lastname@example.com
Last updated on November 8, 2000

subset: commoncrawl


text:
First a full disclosure notice- Mr. Shumate is a fellow movie reviewer who let me read a pre-distribution copy of his novel in exchange for reviewing the book. There were no strings attached; in his own words, "…Agree to post a review — positive, negative or indifferent — on your blog or website." As Nathan pulls no punches in his reviews, I will in kind be brutally honest with him here.
The story begins with a prologue of a demon-like summoning ceremony. We then skip to the story proper by being introduced to our protagonist, a Miss Rennie Avalon, private investigator and mother of a young daughter. Mr.Ernest Vielstich is her first appointment of the day. He has recently had an old German book, circa 1713, stolen from him. He suspects a man who had recently contacted him about purchasing the book is responsible for the theft. Since Mr. Viesltich (Mr. V from hereon out) has no documentation proving his providence over the book, and the book has no known value, the police will not look into the matter. Mr. V claims that the book is rare, perhaps singular, and has a very personal meaning to him. Rennie is somewhat suspicious, but takes the case.
Rennie then stakes out the gentleman suspected of the thievery, and succeeds in locating the book, but is chased off before she can recover the item. After this failed recovery attempt, Mr. V gives Rennie the full story about the book. It concerns old knowledge, spells, and rituals that concern demons. Not so good for humanity, methinks.
The story then proceeds as Rennie, Mr. V, and Rennie's occasional colleague Sammy Moapa, a rather massive Samoan electrical engineer with a checkered past, try to track down the book. Also along for the ride is the man who originally contacted Mr. V about the book, a Neo-Nazi named Philip Castler (who really is just a complete tool).
The writing is crisp and reads quickly. At a short 87 pages, Mr. Shumate could have filled out some of the scenes with some more detail. For example, the prologue could have been further expounded upon to give some additional atmosphere. As a first time fiction author, Mr. Shumate developed the story well, if a bit sparsely. I believe that if Nathan can flesh out his scenes a bit more, he will be able to introduce a stronger emotional tie with the reader.
Another question I had was how quickly Rennie accepted the supernatural aspect of the book. There is a reference to "past odd occurrences," but they are not developed. Also, why does Beth, Rennie's daughter, have nightly nightmares? Perhaps as a setup for a future book with a backstory? I would look forward to the further development of these characters.
An interesting aspect of the story concerns Castler. In one scene he tries to defend his racism, and at the same time reveals how small-minded he is in his beliefs. I do not know author Mr. Shumate's personal beliefs or experiences with racism, but in one scene he delivered a powerful insight into why some people can be twisted into such beliefs.
The overall story has a nice blend of supernatural aspects and detective story. As a fan of Howard Phillips Lovecraft, I really enjoyed how Mr. Shumate wrapped his writing into the "I really cannot describe it" feel that Lovecraft employed.
I found this to be a rather enjoyable read. I wish it had lasted longer. The development of Rennie was nicely done, and made me care that she would get back to her daughter at the end of the night. Hopefully, Mr. V will also make more appearances in future works, he has the quiet, controlled manner of Aloysius Pendergast from the Preston and Child novels. I recommend this as a quick, fun read with a Lovecraftian detective feel. To learn more or to order a copy visit www.nathanshumate.com


text:
A walk through the eastern part of the Addison County Fair and Field Days grounds Wednesday revealed a diverse range of attractions and competitions.
Chris Nelson, a chainsaw carver from Lincoln, shared his thoughts on his trade and life.
"I started doing this in May 2013," Nelson said, "so about 14 months now."
Nelson, a former road foreman, taught himself to carve with a chainsaw when he got tired of his old job. Now he carves more or less full-time, and says that in recent months his business has started to pay off.
"It's been getting a lot more notoriety," Nelson said. His carvings are on display at the Jerusalem Corners Country Store in Starksboro year-round.
Part artist, part craftsman, Nelson is also a natural entertainer. The 39-year-old often travels to fairs to do quick carvings — sculptures that take about half an hour — for audiences of fairgoers. He also clearly enjoys talking to passersby about his craft.
"I put on a show, and entertain people," Nelson said.
For Nelson it's also important that he gives back to the community through his work. He tries to keep in the habit of donating carvings to charitable causes.
"I think it's important to stay in the habit and remember where you came from. Pay it forward," he said of raising money for charity, admitting, "I'm a bit of an idealist that way."
Though he admits it was tough breaking into the understandably niche market of chainsaw carving, Nelson believes that his business has really come into its own this summer, as he travels to more fairs, perfects his craft, and spreads his enthusiasm.
"This is the first real line of work I've been in where I'm doing what I love and getting paid for it," he said with a big smile.
— Weyland Joyner


text: A brand new Subsoniq "Instru-Mentals", which explores and promotes the deepest and dopest areas in hip-hop instrumentation. Hosted by Panacea producer and Subsoniq co-host, K-Murdock. If you love instrumental hip hop, this is a must listen. Check out our new soundcloud page where your music can be considered for future Instru-Mentals shows, you can share beats… Continue Reading


text:
In this series we are going to take a closer look at the history of nanotechnology, from early findings through to the present day and what developments nanotechnology can bring for the future.
To begin we are going to explore the beginnings of nanotechnology.
Most people consider nanotechnology to be a modern field of science. Primary development occurred in the 1980s and 1990s, and it continues to evolve. Its history is usually traced as far back as Richard Feynman's famous 1959 lecture "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom". Feynman did not specifically name nanotechnology, but his talk "inspired the conceptual beginnings of the field decades later".
However, as a recent article in the Guardian suggests, the field may actually have roots that extend much further back - all the way into the ancient world. "Artisans from the past also controlled matter at the tiniest scales," writes the article's author, Rosamund Daw. "By modern-day standards, they were working in a branch of nanotechnology called nanocomposites. These are bulk materials in which nanoscale particles are mixed to improve the properties of the overall or composite material."
One example of this is the Lycurgus cup, a Roman glass cage cup containing nanoparticles that make the glass look red when light shines through it but green when viewed in reflected light. Another is Maya Blue, a bright azure pigment discovered in the Mayan city of Chichen Itz which is particularly resistant to wear and contains clay with nanopores into which indigo dye was combined chemically to create an environmentally-stable pigment. And in 2006 researchers in Germany revealed that they had discovered nanowires and carbon nanotubes in a Damascus steel sabre from the 17th century.
The artisans who crafted these objects and materials may not exactly have been nanotechnologists by modern standards, but it's impressive to see how far back the history of this modern technology can be traced. Moreover, the discoveries that today's scientists have made as a result of looking at these very old objects may actually help advance the field. "Some of these studies are providing pointers for new nanotechnology research," writes Daw. Based on a study of the properties of the Lycurgus cup, for example, "researchers have developed thin nanocomposite films containing gold nanoparicles which can reflect infra-red while still transmitting light. These films could be used to coat windows in hot countries to reflect heat away while allow light through the glass, thus reducing the need for air conditioning." So the history of nanotechnology is informing its future.
In our next post we will take a look at the early stages of nanotechnology development...


text:
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text:
belhel Vol. 49 No.7
Bethel College, Arden Hills, Minnesota Friday, Oct. 26, 1973
Bob and Tom have a laugh while planning strategy.
Two rivals join forces for Bethel
by Pamela Shultz
Although rivals in the past, this year
Bob Moeller and Tom Addington are a
Their rivalry was debate. As High
School seniors they battled in Minnesota's
state debate tournament. Bob Moeller,
debating for Richfield High, took first
place. His competitor, Tom Addington,
debating for St. Paul Johnson, placed
As Bethel's debate team, they have
already met with success. They posted
a three win / no loss record on Tuesday,
October 17, when they debated in the
Twin City Debate League tournament at
St. Thomas.
Homecoming weekend found them
debating at the University of Bradley in
Peoria, Illinois, where they placed third.
These rounds represent the beginning of
a circuit of intercollegiate debate which
will run through early April.
The national debate topic this year is,
"Resolved: That the federal government
should control the supply and utilization
of energy in the United States." Bob and
Tom will represent Bethel in 15 to 20
tournaments. Most of these will be held
at universities in the five-state area. In
March the team will compete in the
Regional Qualifying Tournament held at
St. Olaf. If they do qualify, they will
debate in the National Debate Tournament
to be held in, Colorado Springs.
Coaching the team this year is Duane
Stanley, instructor in the speech department
and a graduate student at the
University of Minnesota. He has plans to
include those students whose schedules
will not permit a full debate circuit. Allie
Jo Moore and Dan Nelson, past Bethel
debate team members, will participate in
non-national topic debates. Other plans
include debates against the inmates at
Stillwater State Prison, debates dealing
Free Fast Delivery to
Bethel College
Delivery starts at 5 P.M.
1748 N. Lexington
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with campus, state, national, and world
issues, and debates between the students
and the faculty. Stanley encourages anyone
who is interested to contact him.
Bethel steals
oral interp show
by Wayne Pauluk
Bethel students captured half the six
top positions in an intercollegiate oral
interpretation festival Saturday, October
13. The entire team showed promise,
according to Dr. Rainbow, who accompanied
Jim Spon was a finalist in each of the
two categories, those dealing with Natural
and Supernatural subjects. His readings
were "The Selfish Giant" by Oscar Wilde,
and "The Long Street" by Lawrence
Karl Schafer was a finalist in Natural
Interpretation, with his presentation of
"The Cement Truck," an original short
story by a high school student. (The top
readings were designated as finalists, but
they were not ranked as first, second or
Norm Swanson received special recognition
for his interpretation of "The
Second Death" by Graham Greene. This
fact is significant, since this was Norm's
first tournament.
The Reader's Theatre group in particular
was praised by Dr. Leslie Irene
Coger, the guest critic. Jim Spon, Neil
Moser, Debbie Grassman and Kerry Jo
Olson (who made up this group) gave a
reading which was a compilation of
material on the theme "God's Gift of
The festival was sponsored by and
held at Sioux Falls College. Ten colleges
and a total of forty students participated.
Fourteen Bethel students participated,
which indicates the booming interest in
forensics at Bethel, according to Dr.
1707 N. Snelling Ave.
(Larpenteur At Snelling)
9 A.M. to 10 P.M. Daily
(including Sun.)
by Cindy Hillegas
No one knew quite what to expect
from this year's Homecoming, but it
appeared that the students were pleased
with what they got. Variety was the key
word in the activities. Both nights' performances
provided laughter, reflection,
entertainment, inspiration, and above all,
glory to God.
The audience at Friday night's concert
indicated their approval by hushed
silence, gasps of approval, and frequent
foot-tapping for the many styles of Miss
Joy Simpson. The climax was reached
when the crowd of over 1000 literally
jumped to their feet applauding the performance.
The soprano soloist from Julliard
School of New York City sang everything
from Mozart's "Alleluia," to "Nobody
Knows the Trouble I've Seen," to her
renditions of "Amazing Grace," "Psalm
150," and "Bridge Over Troubled Water."
Her sister, 20-year old Evelyn Simpson,
accompanied her and sang with
Joy on the last two numbers. She also
played two numbers on the organ. C.
Edward Thomas played "Jesu, Joy of
Man's Desiring," and "The Old Rugged
Cross" on the piano.
Professor Thomas directed the Festival
Choir in his arrangement of Martin
Luther's speech, "I Have a Dream." He
was very pleased to have Miss Simpson
sing the solo, since "it was written for
someone like her to sing." Thomas was
surprised by the turnout for the concert,
and felt that "the choir and instruments
did a fine job."
Miss Simpson confessed that although
she has heard Martin Luther speak, and
heard this number performed before, "I
never understood what he was really
saying before tonight." As the choir
repeated "free at last, free at last," the
audience felt the same way.
* * *
Another overflow crowd of students,
friends, faculty, and alumni attended "A
Speck of Bethel" in the auditorium on
Saturday night.
"A Speck of Bethel" featured three
alumni: Greg Speck, Brenda Barth, and
Bryant Christiansen. Ten Bethel students
were also involved with the variety show.
Musical numbers, a serious comedy, and
music by "Praise" made up the evening's
program. Greg Speck expressed "the excitement
of coming back to Bethel." Dr.
Don Rainbow, who organized the entire
program, was especially pleased with the
The audience was then invited down
to the cafeteria for donuts, coffee, and
hot cider. Jay and Gail Caress, along with
Eric Tanquist, ended the evening with a
short concert.
Carol Ankerberg, campus coordinator,
ended the Homecoming weekend in prayer
and thanks to the Lord. She felt "if
there was any success in Homecoming,
it's due to the involvement of a large
portion of the students. Kids who never
participated in activities before have done
a great job."
Paul Reasoner was the Homecoming
chairman this year. Before the weekend
started he said, "attendance won't be the
indicator of success this weekend. Everyone
goes to Homecoming anyway. It's the
reactions of the students that will be
important. "
* * *
Sheloa Hanson, this year's Homecoming
Hostess, was crowned on Thursday
night at the coronation and pepfest.
Jimbo Anderson and Dave Hoehl provided
entertainment as the MC's of the
program. Nominees for Homecoming
Hostess included Carol Ankerberg, Elaine
Mooney, Kathy Van Antwerp, Peggy
Birk, and Sheloa Hanson. The Hostess
welcomed alumni and friends to "The
Greening of Bethel." Sheloa "felt honored
to be selected for the position. I
thought the whole weekend was really
neat, and I was kept very busy. The
concert Friday night was fantastic. I was
impressed by the sincerity of each of the
performers. "
Sports, excitement, victory, defeat,
music, testimony, hilarity, thanksgiving
- are all memories of this year's
Stein heads
Interim tour
by Janet Rutzen
At least 15 Bethel people will follow
in St. Paul's footsteps this Interim as they
travel to places like Rome, Athens, and
Dr. Robert Stein will lead a student
tour group in a course entitled "Following
in the Footsteps of St. Paul"
to places of St. Paul's ministry. With an
additional two or three students, Dr.
Walter Wessel may also accompany the
Corinth, Philippi, Delphi, Salonika
(Thessolonica), Ephesus, and Izmir (ancient
Smyrna) will also be visited.
"We can't visit all the places of Paul's
travels," said Dr. Stein. "The cost factor
prohibits travel into central Turkey.
But," he pointed out, "Paul's main
missions were to Corinth. Ephesus,
Philippi, and, of course, Rome."
The trip carries a full course credit,
and, "it's integrity as a course is beyond
doubt and dispute." The New Testament
and one other book will serve as the basic
texts for the course. Dr. Stein is also
working on handouts so that "in every
major place that involved Paul's ministry,
they will have a handout about how it
involved the life of Paul and the status of
the city in the Roman Empire at PauPs
time." Dr. Stein emphasized, "it is not a
trip of lay people and is not an easy
course. It really is a course on the life and
teachings of Paul and a better understanding
of Paul's life."
Another aspect of Paul's travels will be
experienced as the group travels by boat
across the Agean Sea from Turkey to
Greece. Dr. Stein expressed hope that
they would travel via a modern ship and
not the type which Paul actually traveled
In each city a day will be reserved for
sightseeing and shopping. They will visit a
bazaar in Istanbul with over 5,000 shops
under one roof.
Dr. Stein is not worried about their
journey being affected by the Arab-Israeli
conflict. "We will never be less than 600
miles from the fighting areas. Even
though the Turks are Muslim, they are
not involved in the conflict."
The cost per student is approximately
$1055 for the 31-day trip. The fee
includes air fare, food, lodging, excursions,
and insurance. Because of
Interim tuition and lodging costs here,
the course costs only $700 to $800 above
the cost of taking another interim course
at Bethel. "It seems higher than it
actually is," said Dr. Stein.
This is the first time Bethel has taken
advantage of a trip to this area. The trip is
sponsored by Upper Midwest Association
for Intercultural Education (UMAIE.)
Eight students from St. Catherine's
College and one from Augustana are also
going on the trip.
Anyone else who is interested should
see Dr. Stein soon because of the time
involved in obtaining passports and
securing reservations.
"I cannot foresee offering this trip
again for another three or four years at
least," said Dr. Stein.
Library size 1973 edition, brand new,
still in box.
Cost New $45.00
Will Sell for $15
Deduce 10% on orders of 6 or more
Make Checks Payable to
DICTIONARY LlOUIDATION
~r PUBLal:::;il~~TE!)'.~
. Please insert your box number
:. and address for replies
C.O.D. orders enclose 1.00 good will
deposit. Pay balance plus C.O .D. shipping
on delivery. Be satisfied on inspection or
return within 10 days for full refund. No
dealers, each volume specifically stamped
not for resale.
Please add $1.25 postage and handling.
clarion briefs ...
The World Affairs Center and World
Order Program at the University of Minnesota
is sponsoring a Conference on November
8,1973, entitled "The Crossroads
of Disarmament." It is at the Radisson
South in Minneapolis and is open to students
and faculty from Minnesota colleges.
The conference will last from 9: 00
a.m. to 4:30 p.m. and costs $10.00 for
faculty and $3.00 for students. Topics
for discussion include "The United States,
The Soviet Union and Europe: The Gut
Issue," "The Future of Arms Control:
Some Policy Alternatives," and "Teaching
About Arms Control and Disarmament:
New Resource Materials and
Teaching Methods." The speakers will
include main advisors to arms control
agencies and professors from various
Minnesota Colleges. For further information
see G. William Carlson in the History
and Political Science Department.
* * *
Results of last week's Clarion poll concerning
the Chapel and Spiritual Life
committee's decision to have announcements
read during Chapel were:
A. The decision does not reflect student
feeling and should be reversed. - 56%
B. The decision should stand, as it helps
to make a better Chapel program.
C. The decision should be modified to
include special announcements about
campus events. - 28%
Upperclassmen tended to vote for
choice A, while underclassmen (frosh.soph)
supported choice C. Poll results are
based upon a light return sampling of the
student body. Faculty response was negligible.
(We should note that by the time
the Clarion was issued on October 20, the
decision had already been modified.)
Gayle Sjoblom and Shery Bame will
be presenting their senior instrumental
recital Friday evening, October 26, at
8:00 p.m. in room F A312. Gayle and
Shery are seniors majoring in Elementary
Education, each with a cognate in music.
Program selections include Strauss' Horn
Concerto, Mozart's Concerto in G Major
for Flute, Titl Serenade and Brahm's
Horn Trio. They will be assisted by
Debbie Van Loon and Becky LeGesse,
and accompanied by Becky Waller, a 1973
Bethel graduate.
The Music Department extends an invitation
to the Bethel Community to
attend this recital and also the reception
following. There is no admission charge.
(Cheap date!)
* * * Volunteer tutors are needed to help one
or two eighth grade English students with
completing reading and writing assignments
in a short story unit. The only
requirements are an eighth grade education,
a concern for young people, and
two or three hours per week between
approximately October 24 and November
30. Here is an opportunity to gain practical
experience in a public school setting
and to help an academically diadvantaged
student meet success. For more
information please call Miss Mary Cavin,
484-8559, at Parkview Junior High, 701
W. County Rd. B, Roseville, Minn. 55113.
* * *
Events this Weekend
Guthrie Night - Friday
Mike Monroe Concert - Saturday
JV Football at Northwestern - Saturday
Soccer at Hamline - Saturday
Cross Country Tri-State Conference hereSaturday
Football with Concordia here - Saturday
Rose Bowl
discounts to all
Bethel Students
2057 N. Snelling Ave.
631 -1142 631-1143
Gothard returns
with I.B.V.C.
by Hans Selvog
"I loved it! It was the greatest thing
that has happened to me," said Bethel
student Carole Moser concerning Bill
Gothard's Institute in Basic Youth
Conflicts, which she attended last year.
She added, "I learned more in that
week than in my four years as a
Christian. "
Bill Gothard will arrive in the Twin
Cities on Oct. 29 and lecture that week
until Nov. 3. Approximately 120 Bethel
students will be attending the seminar,
which will be held at the new St. Paul
Civic Center. It involves 32 hours of
lecture relating youth problems to the
gospel of Jesus Christ.
Where are the posters, the mass media
advertisements, the bumper stickers, the
campaigns or the solicitations announcing
this event? There aren't any. Yet 15,000
youths and adults will be present to hear
this man's teachings from the Gospel.
President Lundquist, who has attended
the Institute and who will be present
again this year with his family, states,
"The Institute, I believe, is a very
worthwhile experience, whether or not
you accept 100% of what Bill Gothard
says. Personally, I'm in agreement with
most of the teaching."
According to President Lundquist, the
reason adults are attracted to the seminar
is not merely to learn about their
children's problems; their presence also
involves the very philosophy behind the
seminar, which is that most adult
problems are unsolved youth problems.
The great attendance is due to word of
mouth excitement from people who have
experienced the course. Some are turned
off by the seminar because it seems to
present a unique "special knowledge" of
the Scriptures, as interpreted by Gothard.
Others argue that there is no chance for
feedback, and question Gothard's request
that all who attend not discuss his ideas
with people who have not participated.
One student reacted to that by saying "it
bothered me when I heard it was not to
be discussed with people who haven't
attended. I feel that actual spiritual
growth is sharing with other people."
However, the majority of persons who
have been to the seminars strongly
recommend them.
As a high school student, Bill Gothard
had an unusual capacity to attract young
people to the Christian message. A
graduate of Wheaton College, he has been
involved in youth-work all his life. It was
5 or 6 years ago that he started these
seminars and has since dedicated his life
to them. "He's a quiet and modest man,"
says President Lundquist, "and very hard
to interview."
Iha balhal ,
Published weekly by the students of Bethel College
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Letters to the editor should
be'sent to the Clarion, P.O. 91.,
by the Monday preceeding pub-issues
page lication.
own welfare or interests and having little
or no concern for others'" Selflessness is
defined as being "devoted to others welfare
or interests and not one's own;
unselfish; al truistic. "
Considering what has been presented,
d C the concept which lies at the heart of
by Duane Quinion an Charles osgrove both selfishness and selflessness is the
Given our situation in life, Christians self, whether we are dealing with the in-living
in a Christian atmosphere, ques- dividual who commits the benevolent act
tions are inevitably raised which incite or the individual who is the object of the
some degree of introspection and a great- act. The preoccupation with self lies at
er degree of study before an attempt at the heart of both concepts. In contrast,
answering these questions can be under- Jesus said in Matt. 16:24, "if any man
taken. All men find themselves acting and Will come after me, let him deny himself,
reacting more often than not from selfish take up his cross, and follow me." He
motives. The question with which we didn't say place me before yourself and
would like to deal is: to what extent are follow me, or accept this inconvenience
we free from being determined by selfish in your life and follow me; He said deny
inclinations? Why does a man, particUlarly yourself. Is this to say that there is to be
a Christian, really commit an act of kind- no individuality among Christians? Are
ness? Because he wants to? Perhaps he we to have no identity, no true selfhood?
wants to illustrate his desire to be unself- Of course not, our identity is established
ish. Do we selfishly desire to be unself- in Christ. Romans, chapter six supplies a
fish? Is it possible to break out of this basis for this principle. "For if we have
circle of selfish motivation? been united with him in a death like his,
In approaching this question, it is we shall certainly be united with him in
important to consider two concepts fund- a resurrection like his. We know that our
amen tal to this problem. These are the old self was crucified with him ... But if
will, its definition and its role, and the we have died with Christ, we believe we
concept of identity or one's seltbood. shall also live with him." Further founda-
The will can be defined as Webster tion is supplied in Gal. 2:20: "it is no
does, as "the power of making a reasoned longer I who live, but Christ who lives in
choice or decision or of controlling one's me." The latter verses indicate a theme of
own actions." Selfishness is defined as union between the believer and Christ.
lies the crux of the problem of selfishness.
In our consideration of the definitions
from Webster, we concluded that the
focal point was self, whether it be the
discussion of selfishness or selflessness.
From the Biblical point of view, Christ
is the focal point, He is the determining
The indicator of selflessness to the
world is the individual in his relationship
to other people. The Christian view of
selflessness is based upon his relationship
with God. One's identity is established
when he becomes united with Christ.
"And be not conformed to this world;
but be ye transformed by the renewing of
your mind, that ye may prove what is
that good, and acceptable, and perfect,
will of God" (Rom. 12: 2). In this one
experiences true selfhood, true individuality,
true identity. Man must attune
himself to the will of God, only then is
he free to conduct himself in conjunction
with God's will.
This union results in a change in attitude
and action of the believer. As he
grows closer to Christ, he yields more
control of his life to Christ. It then follows
that the greater the affinity between
man and Christ, the greater the potential
for committing a truly unselfish act.
To what extent then are we determined
by our selfish motivations? It is proportional
to the development of our relationship
with God, to the extent that we
being "too much concerned with one's Our identity is found in this union. Here allow ourselves to be united with Christ.
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Jackson - Blomquist
Arabs and Agnew
In the flurry of emotive arguments
which surrounds any discussion of the
present conflict, several thoughts come to
mind. Although in this age of mass media
laymen often feel themselves capable of
debating questions of military supply,
balance of power considerations, and the
rightful or ultimate "winner" of the current
conflict, we feel in this instance we
should take a different approach. Recognizing
our inability to conduct discussion
of the Arab-Israeli conflict adequately in
terms of a military football game, we
should rationalize our position in light of
more long range considerations. In this
respect, several clarifications are in order.
First, we should dispel a common
assumption that Egypt and Syria attacked
Israel. There was in fact an Arab offensive
against Israeli forces, but these forces
were and still are situated on occupied
Arab territory. Consequently the term
"aggression" should not be used when we
are talking about Arab attempts to recapture
Arab lands. If the attack were to be
directed to Israeli territory, then obviously
the term would fit.
Second, we should hope that the U. S.
has no commitment to help the Israelis
retain the spoils of the 1967 war. If the
question were to shift to one of the
physical survival of the Israeli people, we
should then have to reassess our position.
For the present, that stage seems not to
have been reached.
Hope of Compromise
Through pressure on the belligerents by
both the United States and the Soviet
Union, it is conceivable that a cease-fire
and subsequent compromise settlement
could be worked out. The spirit of peace
would get a good kick in the pants if both
sides would exercise mutual restraint with
respect to Phantom Jets and SAM Missiles.
Yet cqmpromise will be put off as long
as one side feels it can retain the upper
hand militarily.
For our purposes we wish to support
the path of self-restraint, which has benefits
even beyond those derived from a
cease fire. Without such restraint, we will
be doomed to the double-talk of the
military football game, in which any
current "victory" would signify only the
first quarter of future hostilities.
* * * *
The Justice Department has declared,
at the conclusion of hotel back-room
bargaining, that Mr. Agnew was guilty of
income tax evasion. Entering a motion of
nolo contender, Mr. Agnew appears to
have "copped a plea," i.e., received a
comparatively light penalty, (a $10,000
fine and three years' probation,) in exchange
for nonprosecution of crimes
which U.S. Attorney James R. Thompson
has called "the strongest case of bribery
and extortion (he had) ever seen." So it
appears that Mr. Agnew, the apostle of
law and order, who used to speak against
permissive judges and the like, was treated
permissively in the name of the "general
In effect, it appears that the sole
factor in keeping Mr. Agnew out of the
coop was his position as Vice President.
And, even in his moment of dire circumstance,
the former Vice President ascribed
to himself the characteristics of a gallant
knight who was taking the high road of
honor, in this case one which avoided a
prolonged constitutional crisis. This route
is also quite convenient, we might add, in
view of the weight of the evidence assembled
against him.
Even after formally entering his plea
in court, Agnew continued to contend
that he was a victim of unfair news leaks
and lies from the press. It seems to us
rather ludicrous, however, to condemn
the couriers of bad news instead of correcting
the source of corruption: Agnew
himself. Presented with the fact that he
accepted money from contractors, etc.,
while a public official in Maryland, Agnew
almost casually dismissed that tidbit by
claiming that such activities were commonly
practiced there and were, perhaps,
even expected. In other words, there is
nothing wrong with taking payoffs and
kick-backs because other officials were
doing it too. Rather than cling to any old
idealistic standards of political honesty
(as Agnew continually championed) we
are to reconstruct our rules to conform to
policital expediency (as he practiced.)
In the words of one observer, "Agnew
preached old fashioned virtues and practiced
old fashioned vices."
In announcing Agnew's sentence, Attorney
General Richardson attempted to
anticipate criticism of any leniency on the
part of the Justice Department. He made
references to the special circumstances
surrounding the case, the person involved
and his office, the possible Constitutional
problems, etc. Some of his contentions
make a good deal of sense, but to the man
on the street the overall bargain comes
off as something less than just. Legal
authorities are split on the issue but several
attorneys frequently involved in tax
evasion cases observed that their clients
seldom, if ever, get off so easily. In fact,
the special nature of the case, and the
individuals involved, may suggest that
harsher treatment than is usually given
would be in order to attempt to restore
credibility to our government and legal
Under the Table
Lest we only kick dogs who are down,
we should point out that the settlement
will in the long run probably have a
positive effect on the affairs of our nation.
After the average man has resigned himself
to the fact that those in high offices
receive more justice than he could ever
hope to command, he will also come to
see that a constitutional crisis was averted
on this particular count. Hence, even
though the common citizen cannot drive
the kind of bargain Mr. Agnew could, he
can of course subscribe to that sort of
patriotism which holds repugnant those
who would prolong divisiveness of our
What is most tragic, however, is not
the handling of the Agnew case per se.
Rather, it seems to us that the real
tragedy lies in the dicnotomy of rhetoric
and practice in the Nixon Administration
as a whole. It is hardly debatable any
longer that this law-and-order administration
has turned out to be as lawless as
any on record, and perhaps it already
holds the record.
At this writing it is too early for us to
comment in detail upon the firings of
special Watergate prosecutor Archibald
Cox and Deputy Attorney General
Ruckelshaus, upon the resignation of
Attorney General Richardson, and upon
FBI seizure of Cox's and Richardson's
offices. Yet it seems to us that all these
events are indicative of a trend, ultimately
based on the President's whims, which is
tending to transform our government
from one of law into one of will. In this
connection, the responsibility lies on Mr.
Nixon's shoulders. The frequency of
firing dedicated and able individuals, and
the body count of corrupt individuals,
are already far too high to be explained
by happenstance or ill luck. Perhaps it is
still time to seriously consider impeachment
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Editor's note:
In regard to the pending Constitutional
crisis concerning Watergate, the Clarion
has asked Professor William Johnson to
clarify the mechanics of any pot en tial
impeachment move against President
Nixon. More fully developed commentary
will follow in the weeks to come.
by William Johnson
professor of Political Science
Events in Washington during the past
week have again stirred speCUlation on
whether Congress should remove President
Nixon from office. Whether it will do so
we cannot predict, but if it chooses to do
so, it must follow certain Constitutional
First, the Constitution says that the·
President, Vice-President, and "civil officers"
(which includes Federal court
judges) may be impeached and removed
for "treason, bribery, or other high crimes
and misdemeanors." That is, the accused
must have broken a law of some kind;
mere Congressional disagreement with the
man's policies or decisions is not enough.
(The charge most often cited by Congressmen
at this time is that the President has
refused to comply with the Court order
to release the tapes of Watergate Conversations
to Judge Sirica.)
The charges that would lead to this
are to be first considered by the House of
Representatives. (Resolutions of impeachment
have already been introduced.) The
House is to study the evidence of wrongdoing,
and if a majority believe that the
President ought to be tried on those
charges, it can vote impeachment. This
vote does not actually remove him from
office, but is like an indictment, a formal
accusation that precedes a court trial.
The "trial" is actually conducted by
the U. S. Senate, with the Chief Justice of
the Supreme Court sitting as presiding
judge. The Senators listen to the evidence
and arguments and then vote on the guilt
or innocence of the accused. If two-thirds
of the members present agree on his guilt,
he is convicted and removed from office.
The Senate cannot fine or jail him, but
he could afterward face trial in the regular
courts for his offenses.
This kind of action is intended to be a
"last resort," to be used only if the
accused does not resign or otherwise
satisfy his accusers. Only one President,
Andrew Johnson, has ever been impeached
(in 1868), but the Senate did not convict
him. Only four men, all judges in Federal
courts, have ever been removed from
office in this way. If Congress takes such
action against President Nixon, it is likely
to move cautiously and deliberately, and
the proceedings will get much publicity
and generate much controversy. It could
be a traumatic experience fram which it
will take the country a long time to
miss waitschies
leaving after
seven years
by Curtis Kregness
Miss Heidi Waitschies will soon be leaving
Bethel College, after seven years here
as a professor of German. She is getting
married January 1 to a Montana banker,
Maurice Graham.
Miss Waitschies' new residence will be
in Glasgow, Montana. There she doesn't
intend to do any more teaching, but
hopes to become active in the community.
She plans to teach at Bethel through
the end of first semester. "If there was
one thing I could say about my time at
Bethel," she said, "it would be that I have
really enjoyed knowing the students."
Besides being a banker, her future
husband is working with young people at
Glasgow. Among other activities, he leads
a fellowship group of Christian athletes.
"Bethel has changed considerably
since I first started teaching here," Miss
Waitschies said. She observed that the
Bethel spiritual environment has become
richer, in that there has been a great
increase in small prayer and Bible-study
No specific person has yet been chosen
as Miss Waitschies' replacement.
The Editor,
3900 Bethel Drive,
St. Paul, Minn. 55112.
12th Oct., 1973.
P.O. 91, Bethel College,
St. Paul, Minn. 55112.
Dear editor, (sic)
After reading Dave Greener's article on
"Student visits homeland China", I like
to add a few comments to his article.
In one of Dave 's paragraph, he wrote,
"After waiting for a visa in Hong Kong ...
He (Jonathon) felt sad ... I had a question,
why is my family separated-or even other
people's families separated? Why can't we
live together? ... we (the Chinese) are the
same people." unquoted. To my knowledge,
we don't need a visa to go to China
and every Chinese can live in China if he
wishes. No one was forced to separate
with his family. The reason why so many
Chinese families are separated because
some of the members of the families prefer
to enjoy the materialistic society to a
frugal and hard working life in China. As
I was told, the Chinese government welcomes
us to go home anytime.
In another paragraph, it said "They get
enough food, except meat. They don't
however, in Jonathon's judgement, have
adequate clothing. " unquoted. In my
opinion, There are plenty of meat sold in
the Chinese market. I don't feel that
there are not enough meat in China. In
fact, Chinese don't eat as much meat as
the American. Talking about clothing, of
course, in today's China, we emphasis on
simple way of living. The government
discourages people to have a large variety
of clothing. In China, people don't wear
bell bottom jeans or expensive leather
jackets. But I am sure that they have
enough clothing to keep themselves warm
in winter. Therefore I would like to know
what does Jonathon mean by 'adequate
Finally, I like to mention that if you
know the modern Chinese history, you
will notice that once China was a backward
and undeveloped country (technology
and agriculture) which suffered from
poverty after the second world war. Many
people were starved to death. However,
within twenty-five years, the Chinese
government has provided enough food to
feed 800 million Chinese for the first
time and is able to get rid of poverty.
China is the only nation in the world that
doesn't owe any foreign debt. As a
Chinese, I am proud of her. Of course, it
needs time and still many self-sacrificies
from her people before achieving a better
living standard in China. But don't compare
her with the United States because
she is not the United States.
Thank you.
Yours sincerely,
(Yiu Kwong Ngai)
,Six new professors
reflect on bethel
by Bob Winter
Bethel has six new professors this year. Of these six, two
have been hired on a permanent basis, while the other four
have been added to the faculty only for this academic year.
Dr. David Sperry is the new assistant professor of anthropology.
His missionary work in Ethiopia provided a good basis
for his studies in this field. After leaving the mission field, he
earned his Masters' and Doctorate degrees in anthropology at
the University of Minnesota.
During this period of study, Dr. Sperry taught part-time at
both Bethel and the University. He is pleased with his full-time
job of teaching Bethel students about man and culture.
"I enjoy Bethel very much, " he said. "I am glad that we
can relate here not only socially or academically, but also as
Christians. "
Another permanent addition to the faculty is Dr. Roy
Wilbee. After teaching education at Northwestern College in
Iowa for six years, Dr. Wilbee has come here to head the
Department of Non-print Media.
"My basic goal in this department," said Dr. Wilbee, "is to
help the faculty develop their usage of the media for teaching.
I also hope to help students use media to enrich courses whenever
Dr. Wayne Hensley is taking the place of Dr. James Mason
in the Speech and Drama Department this year. He is teaching
Basic Communications, Group Communications, and American
Public Address this semester.
Last year, Dr. Hensley taught at Minnesota Bible College,
Rochester, Minnesota, and at Bethel Seminary part-time. His
background has emphasized speech-communications, centering
around preaching and interpersonal communication.
In substituting for Dr. Rodgers, Dr. Tavernier also advises
some seniors in the chemistry program. He enjoys the strong
student-teacher relationships characteristic of Bethel.
Mr. William Youngbood is a familiar sight at Bethel,
because he has taught part-time at Bethel during the last four
years. This year he is remaining in the Psychology Department,
but has moved to a full-time position.
As a psychologist and as a Christian, Mr. Youngblood is
seeking a way of bringing together these two aspects of his life.
In psychology, Mr. Youngblood sees the importance of com-
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munity to a student; he recognizes the community at Bethel as
an effective atmosphere for learning.
Mr. Stephen Nelson, visiting assistant professor of mathematics,
is filling in for Dr. Phil Carlson this year. Mr. Nelson
earned his Bachelors and Masters Degrees at Drexel University,
Pennsylvania. Afterward, he taught mathematics at Westchester
State College, also in Pennsylvania.
"I really enjoy the Christian fellowship shown to me both
by faculty and by students," he sa.id. "It has made the transition
to Bethel quite enjoyable."
Beyond those walls:
Film classics series to
run at Har-Mar II
Editor's note:
In the interest of keeping up with the events happening
in the community outside of Bethel, the Clarion would like to
bring you news of a special film series.
fourth in a series
by Jack Starr
The first of a series of theatre classics will be brought to
the screen next Monday when" A Delicate Balance" premieres
at the Har-Mar II Theatre. The series is the product of a new
organization known as the American Film Theatre, which has
taken upon itself the task of putting the classical greats of the
stage on film for the American public. The series itself is made
up of eight films which are to be released at the rate of
approximately one per month, so that the last will be seen in
May. Each film is to have four performances, two matinee and
two evening, and will be seen on a consecutive Monday and
Tuesday. Tickets are being sold on a seasonal subscription
basis only, with $30 being the top price for the season. The
matinee performances, however, will be less and there are
discounts for high school and college students. The series will
be shown as follows:
Oct. 29-30 - A Delicate Balance by Edward Albee starring
Katherine Hepburn, Paul Scofield, Kate Reid,
Lee Remick, Joseph Cotten.
November 12-13 - The Iceman Cometh by Eugene
O'Neill starring Lee Marvin, Fredrick March, Robert
December 10-11 - The Homecoming by Harold Pinter
starring Cyril Cusack and most of the original 1965
cast from the Royal Shakespeare Company production.
January 21-22 - Three Sisters by Anton Chekhov directed
by and starring Laurence Olivier, also Joan Plowright,
Alan Bates.
February 4-5 - Butly by Simon Gray starring Alan Bates
and Jessica Tandy.
March 11-12 - Lost in the Stars, book and lyrics by
Maxwell Anderson, Kurt Weill starring Brock Peters,
Melba Moore, Raymond St. Jacques, Clifton Davis.
April 8-9 - Rhinoceros by Eugene Ionesco starring Zero
Mostel, Gene Wilder, Karen Black.
May 6-7 - Luther by John Osborne starring Stacy Keach
and Hugh Griffith.
Theatres in the Twin Cities which will be showing the
films are Har-Mar II, Grandview Fine Arts, Cine Capri, Varsity,
Hopkins I, Southdale Cinema, and Brookdale East Cinema.
Further ticket information is available from participating
Harvey Lindgren clobbers a Northwestern Iowa Raider.
Harriers take a first
by Dave Greener
The running Royals were victorious in
their Homecoming cross country meet
Saturday by tying Gustavus, 28-28, and
outdistancing Northwestern (Minnesota),
95, and Concordia (St. Paul), 100.
Carleton, favored to win the meet, did
not attend, dueling Hamline instead.
Augsburg participated, but did not have
enough harriers for a team score.
Freshman Larry Caldwell paced the
Royal runners, finishing second individually.
Caldwell's 27:05 clocking bettered
by one second the Bethel record Jeff
Larson set earlier this month for the five
mile Como Course. (Caldwell also reclaimed
the Royal frosh mark, a record
Scott Anderson garnered with a 27 :46
October 6.)
Steve Whittaker strode to fourth place
while Dave Peterson raced to fifth. Dan
Haggar (eighth) and an injury-slowed Jeff
Larson (ninth) completed the Royal
Scott Anderson (tenth) and Harley
Turner (twelfth) were the Royals' sixth
and seventh men. John Cox, Doug Peterson,
Dave Christiansen, and John Lauer
also competed for Bethel. For Lauer, a
Bethel senior, the meet was his first and
perhaps last of the year. A hamstring injury
suffered in a preseason practice race
has kept him from competing this season.
The Royals go at it again tomorrow
when Bethel hosts the Tri-State Confer·
ence Meet at the Como Park Course.
Westmar (Iowa) has won the meet for the
first two years and, with a strong team,
looks for another first this year.
Bethel has twice placed third in the
meet. This year Royal coach Gene Glader
predicts "It will be Sioux Falls and Bethel
battling for second ... " and his men have
prepared accordingly. (The Braves nipped
the Royals by three points in the multiteam
Yankton In\Titational October 14, a
meet decisively won by Westmar).
Besides Westmar and Sioux Falls,
Yankton, Northwestern (Iowa), and Concordia
(St. Paul) are expected to field
teams in the meet. The race begins at II.
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Phone 451-6822
633 S. Concord
South St. Paul, Minn.
FD Ie
Gridders set
back, 34-7
by Curtis Kregness
The Bethel Royals - keeping pace
with Northwestern College (Iowa) in the
first half, but weakening in the second
half - were overpowered Saturday by the
Red Raiders 34 to 7.
The homecoming contest defeat
brought Northwestern's undefeated string
to eight games this season, and reinforced
their number-one rank by the National
Association of Intercollegiate Athletics.
The Royals' only touchdown came in
the first quarter on a 55-yard drive in
which quarterback John Holine kept the
football on most of the plays. Holine
tallied over one third of the Royals' total
rushing yardage for the game, carrying
the ball 19 times for 55 yards.
The Royals rushed for 79 yards in the
first quarter, compared with Northwestern's
12 yards. But what the Raiders
lacked in rushing, they made up for in
precision passing - 62 yards in the first
quarter to Bethel's O.
Bethel held the edge on first downs in
the first quarter, picking up six against
the Raiders' two.
Mark Wood, senior halfback, had
another outstanding game, gaining 50
yards in ten carries, his longest run being
23 yards. Jack Rossi and Larry Rocholl
rushed for 26 and 25 yards, respectively.
Northwestern's game was hampered by
nine penalties, for a total setback of 73
yards. But again, Curt Krull, Red Raiders'
quarterback, more than made up for the
loss by completing 42% of his passes, for
a game total of 131 yards.
The Red Raiders scored quickly in the
first quarter on a brilliant series of passes,
the touchdown ~oming on a dazzling 40-
yard pass play. Bethel responded late in
the first quarter to tie the score at seven
points apiece.
Northwestern capitalized on an interception
in the second quarter, making the
halftime score 14 to 7.
In the third quarter, the Raiders
picked up an easy touchdown as they
recovered one of their own fumbles in
the end zone. Northwestern added 14
more in the fourth quarter to make the
final score 34 to 7.
Bethel's rush in the second half dwindled
to only 26 yards total, while the
Raiders made most of their gains on the
ground, 116 yards total.
Concordia College (St. Paul) comes to
Bethel tomorrow to play the Royals in
the last conference game of the season.
by John Merritt
On that historical 1973 Homecoming day, the Royals
came on strong early in the game, surprising the Raider
machine. But in the second half, the sleeping giant was aroused
and came alive to display the type of ball they've been playing
all season.
There is not much more that one can say or do but to give
that small town Iowa team a lot of respect. The Bethel players
knew that a positive attitude would beat the Raiders - it
would not be impossible. Then again, nobody was trying to
fool anybody. Bethel knew what kind of opposition they were
up against and a Bethel win would have been a major upset.
Those don't happen often; neither does a number one team
often have a bad day. I must say along with Doyle Van Gelder
and others that the Raider quarterback, Curt Krull, certainly
is impressive. He certainly deserves credit as being one of the
key factors in the success, past and present, of that fine Northwestern
The soccer team was back to their old tricks and winning
ways again. They certainly paid a dear price, however, with
another star player, Pete Wilson (one of our few healthy ones),
taken out of action following a leg injury. The soccer team
certainly gets its share of mishaps.
Cross country is not stopping for anybody. "Work, push,
keep going, you can do it - nice job. You shaved thirty
seconds off your last run." That's the kind of words you hear
among the cross country members these days. Improvement is
the name of the game, and it all comes to a climax tomorrow.
I think there may be a few sleepless athletes tonight.
One final word to the football team - I think tomorrow
would be a good time to release all your anxieties. Put Concordia
in the cellar where they belong.
bethlehem serves a cup of cold water
The very heartbeat of the world can
be felt in the pulse of the city.
From everywhere people have come to
live side by side in plenty and want,
in fear and faith, in hope and despair.
It is to the city that Bethlehem has
been called.
The people of Bethlehem are in the
pulse of this ~ity. Share with us
soon and see what we mean.
Jergensen and V oth celebrate Jergensen's goal.
Soccer Team
rebounds, 3-0
by W. T. Hanley
The Bethel Royals won a tough homecoming soccer contest
last Saturday morning by a score of 3-0. The match
against Concordia of St. Paul was another in the string of
overly-violent games that have so damaged the Bethel squad
this season. In this game Peter Wilson, one of the Royals' highest
scoring forwards this year, suffered an ankle injury that
will probably put him out of action for the rest of the season.
The game started off slowly with neither team really taking
control. It wasn't until almost 33 minutes into the first
period when a free kick by Steve Voth produced the Royals'
first point.
The second period yielded 2 more Bethel points and
Peter's ankle injury. One point was scored by Steve Jergensen
at about 15 minutes into the period, and another was scored
by Jergensen in the last 5 minutes of play.
Peter went down at about 30 minutes, just in front of the
Concordia goal. The referee claimed that he hadn't seen a foul
committed against Pete, but most of the Royal players seemed
skeptical. Moments after Peter was carried off the field, the
referee told several bystanders, "if they want to play that way,
let 'em.". The final score was Bethel - 3, Concordia - O.
After the game, Coach Juan Salas seemed disturbed.
"We played a pretty good game, but we just don't train to
play teams like this. They don't try to get control of the ball,
they try to knock down the other players. "
The coach also said that he had talked to the League Commissioner
about having the referees changed, but that that was '
not possible this far along into the season. Coach Salas said
that poor officiating was one of the chief causes of Bethel's
high injury rate this season. The Royals now have 6 starters
out due to injuries.
The Royals play again tomorrow morning at Hamline.
Click tabs to swap between content that is broken into logical sections.


text:
Paul Harte, BA'88, LLB/MBA'92, has been chosen as the plaintiff honouree for the 2017 Ontario Trial Lawyers Association Celebration of the Personal Injury Bar Dinner in recognition of his leadership in the field of medical malpractice.
Sumar Chams, BSc'17, got a new job as a dietary aide at McGarrell Place Long Term Care Home in London, Ontario.
Paul Gentile, BA'92, proposed to Carrie Ann Channon, BA'91, on top of UC Hill on April 9, 2017 ... and she said yes!
Through Western¡¯s ambitious fundraising campaign, Be Extraordinary, we are raising the bar to enrich The Western Experience.
We are preparing students to become the next generation of global leaders. We are also inspiring innovative learning and igniting world-class discovery to tackle some of the world¡¯s most pressing challenges.
We invite alumni and friends to participate in our campaign, and help double the number of alumni who contribute to making Western extraordinary.
Be part of something that's already a part of you.
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text:
Rock CAN Roll-Making Wishes Come True
Joining us Saturday, June 19th at the Borders in Century City Los Angeles? Please bring a non-perishable, healthy food donation for Rock CAN Roll, an organization providing food to hungry families around the country. Not only can you help this charity with your donated food on Saturday, but by buying select 16 Wishes items from Borders Books stores nationwide.
Not sure what to bring? Check out this guide from Rock CAN Roll for tips on the best way to give. Food List for Rock CAN Roll
Rock CAN Roll's Wish? That no one goes hungry. Please help make this wish come true!


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Best Baby Products
Consumer Reports Books, Apr 3, 2007 - Family & Relationships - 368 pages
More than two decades of new parents have turned to Consumer Reports Best Baby Products, the A-Z guide for everything they need to know about getting the best value on the safest products for their babies. This ninth edition is updated with the latest safety and product buying advice and exclusive Consumer Reports Ratings.
Consumer Reports is the only publisher that conducts its own independent, unbiased safety and effectiveness testing on products for babies. We accept no advertising in our publications. Everything we test is purchased by secret shoppers in the same stores that new parents shop in. We'll tell you not only which products are best, but also which products to avoid because they are not safe, or simply are a waste of money. As a result Consumer Reports Best Baby Products is the indispensable companion for new parents navigating the complex maze of hundreds of available baby products.
What are the features to look for to make sure the crib you buy is a safe one? All-terrain strollers, stroller frames, umbrella strollers, travel systems? We'll help you buy the parent-powered transporter that best suits your needs and budget. Does a pacifier really prevent sudden infant death syndrome? Written with warmth, wit and authority, Best Baby Products will help alleviate some of the anxiety caused by all the questions running through a new parent's mind. Consumer Reports buying advice and ratings allows buyers to streamline the selection process, avoid shopping pitfalls, and help keep the baby budget in balance.
Here is everything you need to know about: Baby bottles - Baby food - Backpack carriers - Bathtubs - Bedding - Bouncers - Breast Pumps - Cameras - Car seats -Changing tables - Clothing - Cribs - Diapers - Diaper bags - Diaper pails - Formula - Gates - High chairs - Kid-friendly cars - Mattresses - Monitors - Nursing Bras - Pacifiers - Play yards - Rocking chairs and gliders - Soft carriers - Stationary activity centers - Strollers - Stuffed animals - Swings - Toys - and more!
-How to administer medications to babies and children
-Child-proofing and home-safety tips
- Recent safety recalls
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My husband and I are learning a lot about which baby products are the safest and best value for the baby we are expecting in a few months. Read full review
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Introduction Welcome Heres how to use this book to get the best values and safest products for your new baby
AtoZ Guide y fi Chapter 1 Autos KidFriendly Vehicles
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text: Give casual a dynamic twist - Fits notebooks for 14" to 15.6"screen size- Adjustable and removable straps can be stored easily in the bag - Specially-padded notebook pocket improves shock absorption - Back strap allows for easy attachment to trolley handles Shop Modal header Place your notebook and other business and personal essentials in one stylish yet casual bag. It accommodates even larger portable PCs and has numerous features you'd normally only get with pricier products. Yet this one sends a subtle message that speaks of a dynamic life, with great internal organization for more items, protective interior padding, and thoughtful features such as an adjustable and removable strap. You can even quickly hang it on your trolley handle when zipping around: finally a simple but fully-featured bag the really understands what you need. Fits up to 15.6" Laptop Adjustable & removable shoulder strap Cushioned laptop compartment Business workspace Smart strap Sunshine in a bag ASUS and Greek mythology have a long shared history. From its very founding, ASUS saw inspiration in ancient Greek storytelling and the many unique characters that compose its rich history. The very name ASUS comes from Pegasus, and this theme continues today with new and exciting accessories such as the Helios casual carry bag. ASUS innovation seeks to brighten up your life and give you the confidence you need to go out there and experience the world to the fullest with utmost comfort and optimism. That's why we named Helios after the personification of the sun, a powerful and enlightened Titan that held the power to make great changes and even affect the day and night cycle according to mythological concepts. Similarly, the Helios casual carry bag holds the potential to transform your mobility with its considerate and stylish design and smart internal layout. It's perfect for those who spend much of their time out and about and who need to focus on productivity and easy portability. Day or night, Helios can light up your path and ensure you get more done the bright way.


text:
Short description
Opentour Paris hop on hop off (aka 'HOHO') open deck buses to know Paris in 2 1/2 hours discovering almost all of the most important locations in Paris.
Type of passes
- 1 or 2 consecutive days
- Adult of child (under 12)
- Free if under 4
Definitely, one of the best ways to discover Paris in a very convenient way. Just being at the upper deck, if there's sunny weather, is the best way to discover which monuments, museums or any specific location you would like to visit later on. There is commentary audio with headphones (you can keep them!) on 10 different languages and of course, you can "jump in and out" as many times you like from 10AM until 6PM (more or less), so 8 hours of non stop visiting at your own will. Even if your carrying a small dog or luggage, no problem if it doesn't block the ways of the other passengers. Another good thing about this L'Opentour, it runs 7 days a week, all year round, and the buses run every 10-15 minutes from April to October end every 25 to 30 minutes from November to March.
Yes, you can buy the tickets on board, but we opted for an alternative option, getting them in advance in our hotel, which avoided us to have to wait entering the bus for the purchase, instead we just "show n' go" to the bus driver, better than paying there and make all the passengers wait because that's the main reason why some stops are quite long. You can buy tickets online at this Paris hoho desk.
Buses can also be crowded, you can avoid it during high season in any bus company around. You could also be lucky enough to have your Hotel located near one of the 50 stops from this tour, if not, maybe not far away!
We've discovered that the better price/value offer on these kind of "Hop On/Off" buses is L'Opentour vs Big Bus company; L'Opentour has 4 routes and 50 stops, and Big bus, 1 route and 11 stops only. Minimum difference on higher price for the L'Opentour, for a way better value for the money.


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NVIDIA CUDA: Naked-Eye Stereoscopic System for Real-Time Medical Imaging
One interesting field of imaging technology is naked-eye stereoscopy, which displays 3D stereoscopic images without the need for special eyeglasses. This intriguing technology not only has applications in entertainment, but is being studied as a practical technology for a variety of professional applications. One especially promising application is in medical imaging, where NVIDIA's CUDA™ parallel computing platform is being studied by Professor Takeyoshi Dohi and his colleagues in the Department of Mechano-Informatics at the University of Tokyo's Graduate School of Information Science and Technology.
Naked-eye stereoscopy can be implemented in a variety of ways; the one being studied by Associate Professor Hongen Liao and graduate student Nicholas Herlambang in Profesor Dohi's research group is called Integral Videography (IV). This method uses a special display comprising a micro-lens array, consisting of convex lenses on a matrix which is bonded to a liquid crystal panel. Directly beneath each micro-lens, there are some 100 liquid crystal elements and the convex lens projects the light from each element in various directions. The object to be represented in 3D space is illuminated by light rays from several directions, forming a stereoscopic image which to the user seems to be floating in the air.
Because this method projects a 3D image into space, it has advantages over the traditional stereoscopic method, where different images are displayed for the viewer's left and right eyes. Using IV, the 3D image can be observed from a wide area in front of the display by several viewers at once, without using special eyeglasses or viewpoint tracking.
Since 2000, the University's research group has been developing a system where in vivo cross-sections obtained in real time by CT or MRI scans are treated as volume textures, which can not only be reconstituted as 3D images through volume rendering, but also displayed as stereoscopic video for use in an IV system.
This system could revolutionize real-time, stereoscopic, in vivo imaging. However, the amount of computation is huge; the volume rendering alone creates a high processing load, then further processing is required for the stereoscopic imaging. For each video frame, a vast number of angles must be displayed at the same time. Multiply this by the number of frames in the video and a staggering amount of computation must be done with high precision in a short time.
In research in 2001, real-time volume rendering and stereoscopic reconstitution for images of 512 x 512 resolution on a Pentium III 800 MHz PC took over ten seconds to generate a single frame. To speed up processing, the group tried using the 60 CPUs of an UltraSPARC III 900 MHz machine, the latest high-performance computer available at the time. But the best result that could be obtained was five frames per second. This was simply not fast enough to be practical.
Both the volume rendering and subsequent conversion to IV format require data-parallel vector calculation. For this, the optimal computing paradigm is the GPU. Accordingly, Liao and Herlambang started to research GPU implementation using CUDA, a general-purpose, C-language GPU development environment from NVIDIA.
First, the researchers developed a prototype system using the GeForce® 8800 GTX, a latest-generation GPU. When data sets from the 2001 study were run on the GPU using CUDA, performance improved to 13-14 frames per second. As the UltraSPARC system had cost tens of millions of yen, the researchers were amazed that a GPU, costing a hundred times less, delivered nearly three times the performance. Moreover, according to the group, NVIDIA's GPU was at least 70 times faster than the latest generation of multi-core CPUs. In addition, tests showed that the GPU's high performance was even more conspicuous for larger volume texture sizes.
Currently, the group is working with NVIDIA's latest deskside supercomputer, the Tesla™ D870 and is optimizing the current IV system for Tesla using CUDA. This is expected to boost performance even further.
"We have evaluated various development environments for parallel computing," says Herlambang, the researcher responsible for the CUDA implemention, "but we chose CUDA because it lets us do development in the C language syntax we are used to. Also, we will be able to take advantage of speed increases in future generations of GPUs without modifying the system we have developed. If an environment that makes it easy to debug large CUDA programs becomes available, CUDA will become an even more powerful development environment for parallel computing and we expect it will find more applications in medical image processing as well."
When images from CT and MRI are viewed stereoscopically in real time, physicians can check the state of diseased tissues and make diagnoses without biopsies and surgery. Moreover, several physicians can view the images at the same time and consult with one another. And it may eventually make it possible for several physicians to perform arthroscopic surgery and other minimally invasive surgical techniques together, with each surgeon able to visualize the operation in real time.
It is difficult to bring a huge parallel computer array into clinical settings, but the powerful computing capabilities of GPUs and Tesla make it possible to provide compact, parallel computing modules.
Prof. Takeyoshi Dohi, Advanced Therapeutic & Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory: //www.atre.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/
Associate Professor Hongen Liao: //bmpe.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~liao/
▼Introduction to Laboratory
ATRE Lab, Dept. of Mechano-Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, where Prof. Dohi and his colleagues have pioneered computer-aided surgery, is one of the world's top laboratories in the medical engineering field.
The 3D stereoscopy technology presented here has given rise to numerous advanced devices, including microsurgery robots, wedge prism endoscopes, and surgical stereoscopic composite displays.


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HANG TIME HEADQUARTERS — In the wonderful world that is the never-ending Dwight Howard drama, the news one day can be debunked the very next day.
A Thursday report that suggested Howard was warming up to the idea of potentially signing a long-term extension with the Lakers, if traded there, is being refuted today by Howard's agent, Dan Fegan, who told ESPN The Magazine's Ric Bucher something that totally contradicts that stance.
According to this latest report, Howard will not sign an extension anywhere, and that includes Brooklyn, the one team he has said all along was his required destination:
"Dwight's position has remained unchanged since the end of this past season," said Dan Fegan of LaGardere Unlimited. "He fully intends to explore free agency at the end of next season, regardless of what team trades for him, including Brooklyn."
A source said the Nets never insisted Howard commit to an extension as a prerequisite for acquiring him, which Nets president Billy King confirmed in a text message.
Howard told the Magic, according to GM Rob Hennigan, he would like to be traded to the Brooklyn Nets above any other team. The Nets made concerted efforts to strike a deal for Howard earlier this month, but were forced to stop when the Charlotte Bobcats threatened to sign their restricted free agent center, Brook Lopez, to an offer sheet.
Lopez was expected to be a key part of any deal with the Magic and signing an offer sheet could have preempted including him in any deal, depending on the terms of the offer sheet. The Nets then signed Lopez to a four-year, $61 million deal.
Since then, the Lakers have become the primary suitor for Howard, recruiting both the Houston Rockets and Cleveland Cavaliers as potential third-team participants to deliver the salary relief, draft picks and young talent that Orlando is seeking in return for their All-Star center.
The longest Howard could sign an extension, according to ESPN Insider's Larry Coon, would be two years if he signed with Orlando and was traded, or three years if he signed after being traded.
If he waits until his current deal expires, Howard would be eligible to sign a new five-year deal for as much as $108 million.
For those of you keeping score, this would mark the 127th time (give or take another hundred or so) since December that we've gotten mixed signals from Howard's camp.
(And for the record, the Thursday report didn't say he would sign an extension with the Lakers if traded there, it specifically stated that he was warming up to the idea after months of declaring Brooklyn as his preferred and basically his only destination.)
Seriously, though, the Dwightmare fatigue is reaching epic proportions these days. And the only thing that seems certain is that it won't end anytime soon!


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This article relates the discovery by two American scholars, Paul J. Steinhardt and Peter J. Lu (respectively from the department of physics at Princeton and Harvard universities) that medieval Islamic artists produced intricate decorative patterns using geometrical techniques that were not understood by Western mathematics until the 20th century.
|Figure 1. Archway from the Darb-i Imam shrine in Isfahan, Iran, which was built in 1453 C.E. The larger pentagons outlined in pale blue were constructed using a large-scale girih tile pattern, and the small white pentagons were constructed using a small-scale girih tile pattern (Image courtesy of K. Dudley and M. Elliff).
"Sophisticated Geometry in Islamic Architecture", "Geometry meets artistry in medieval tile work", "Geometry Meets Arts in Islamic Tiles". These are some of the sentences that highlight articles we can find this week in the news agencies science dispatches and in the media coverage of an exciting discovery published in the last issue of Science Magazine: Peter J. Lu and Paul J. Steinhardt "Decagonal and Quasi-crystalline Tilings in Medieval Islamic Architecture," Science vol. 315, n° 1106 (2007).
The article relates the discovery by two American scholars, Paul J. Steinhardt and Peter J. Lu (respectively from the department of physics at Princeton and Harvard universities) that medieval Islamic artists produced intricate decorative patterns using geometrical techniques that were not understood by Western mathematics until the 20th century. The combinations of ornate stars and polygons that have adorned mosques and palaces since the 15th century were created using a set of just five template tiles, which could generate patterns with a kind of symmetry that eluded formal mathematical description for another 500 years.
The discovery suggests that the Islamic artisans who created these typical girih designs had an intuitive understanding of highly complex mathematical concepts. "We can't say for sure what it means," said Peter J. Lu, a PhD student in physics, quoted by The Times in February 23, 2007. "It could be proof of a major role of mathematics in medieval Islamic art or it could have been just a way for artisans to construct their art more easily. It would be incredible if it were all coincidence. At the very least, it shows us a culture that we often don't credit enough was far more advanced than we thought before."
Girih designs feature arrays of tessellating polygons of multiple shapes, and are often overlaid with a zigzag network of lines. It had been assumed that straightedge rulers and compasses were used to create them — an exceptionally difficult process as each shape must be precisely drawn. From the 15th century, however, some of these designs are symmetrical in a way known today as "quasicrystalline". Such forms have either fivefold or tenfold rotational symmetry — meaning they can be rotated to either five or ten positions that look the same — and their patterns can be infinitely extended without repetition. The principles behind quasicrystalline symmetry were calculated by the Oxford mathematician Roger Penrose in the 1970s, but it is now clear that Islamic artists were creating them more than 500 years earlier.
|Figure 2. A 15th-century Timurid-Turkmen scroll now held by the Topkapi Palace Museum in Istanbul. The faint reddish lines outline the shapes of the underlying tiles. One example of each shape has been shaded in the picture (Image from www.sciencenews.org).
Peter Lu, one of the authors of this discovery, began wondering whether there were quasicrystalline forms in Islamic art after seeing decagonal artworks in Uzbekistan, while he was there for professional reasons. On returning to Harvard, he started searching the university's vast library of Islamic art for quasicrystalline designs. He found several, as well as architectural scrolls that contained the outlines of five polygon templates — a ten-sided decagon, a hexagon, a pentagon, a rhombus and a bow-tie shape — that can be combined and overlaid to create such patterns.
In keeping with the Islamic tradition of not depicting images of people or animals, many religious buildings were decorated with geometric star-and-polygon patterns, often overlaid with a zigzag network of lines. Lu and Steinhardt show in their study published in the journal Science that by the 13th century Islamic artisans had begun producing patterns using a small set of decorated, polygonal tiles which they call "girih" tiles.
Art historians have until now assumed that the intricate tile work had been created using straight edges and compasses, but the study suggests the Islamic artisans were using a basic toolkit of girih tiles made up of shapes such as the decagon, pentagon, diamond and hexagon.
Straight edges and compasses work fine for the recurring symmetries of the simplest patterns we see, but it probably required far more powerful tools to fully explain the elaborate tiling with decagonal [10-sided] symmetry," Mr Lu said, quoted by The Independent on 25 February 2007. He adds that "individually placing and drafting hundreds of decagons with a straight edge would have been exceedingly cumbersome. It's more likely these artisans used particular tiles that we've found by decomposing the artwork".
|Figure 3. Peter J. Lu (Source).
The scientists found that by 1453, Islamic architects had created overlapping patterns with girih tiles at two sites to produce near-perfect quasicrystalline patterns that did not repeat themselves. "The fact that we can explain so many sets of tiling, from such a wide range of architectural structures throughout the Islamic world with the same set of tiles, makes this an incredibly interesting universal picture," Mr Lu said.
We are glad at Muslimheritage.com to review this discovery and to provide links to the article published in Science and to supporting online material, as well as links to media coverage resources for the interested readers.
Peter J. Lu and Paul J. Steinhardt "Decagonal and Quasi-crystalline Tilings in Medieval Islamic Architecture," Science 315, 1106 (2007). The article can be downloaded from:
Supporting online material and further resources are available at:
Updated information and services, including high-resolution figures, can be found online at:
As a background to the present day research on Islamic architecture as a conjunction of mathematics, arts and practical knowledge, we can mention the following project: Muqarnas is a project concerned with the the mathematical basis of the Muqarnas, which is the Arabic word for the 3-D design used to decorate domes, ceilings and walls, known to the Europeans as "stalactite decoration". It is an architectural ornament developed around the middle of the tenth century in north eastern Iran and almost simultaneously, but apparently independently, in North Africa [1]. The project was led by scholars from Heidelberg University in Germany: http://www.iwr.uni-heidelberg.de/groups/ngg/Muqarnas/index.php?L=E, under the direction of Yvonne Dold-Samplonius. The group included Yvonne Dold-Samplonius, Silvia Harmsen, Susanne Krömker and Michael Winckler (Heidelberg University, Interdisciplinary Center for
Scientific Computing of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg) and several international cooperation Partners: Gülrü Necipoglu Sackler (Museum Aga Khan Chair for the History of Architecture, Harvard), Mohammad Al-Assad (Center for the Study of the Built Environment, Amman), and Jan P. Hogendijk (Mathematical Institute, University of Utrecht) [2].
In the same period, Alpay Özdural, a scholar from the Eastern Mediterranean University in North Cyprus conducted research the results of which he published in a series of articles [3]. Unfortunately the unexpected passing away by a heart attack on 22 February 2003 of this brilliant scholar has put an end to this wave of promising research.
|Figure 4. Paul J. Steinhardt (Source).
Links to mainstream Media
- "Medieval Mosques Illuminated by Math", National Public Radio: All Things Considered [ link ]
- "Advanced geometry of Islamic art", News.bbc.co.uk (London) [ link ]
- "Amazing maths of the mosaic makers", The Times (London) [ link ]
- "Islamic tilers may have led scientific field", The Telegraph (London) [ link ]
- "New light on ancient patterns", The Chicago Tribune [ link ]
- "Islamic artists were 500 years ahead of Western scientists", The Independent (London) [ link ]
- "Study may change view of mathematical origins", Newsday (New York) [ link ]
- "Medieval Muslims made stunning math breakthrough", Reuters [ link ]
- "Geometry meets artistry in medieval tilework", AP/CNN.com [ link]
- "Geometry Meets Arts in Islamic Tiles", AP/NYTimes.com [ link ]
- "Medieval Islamic artists made amazing maths breakthrough", Gulf News (United Arab Emirates) [ link]
- "Medieval Muslims made stunning maths breakthrough", Gulf Times (Qatar) [ link]
- "Medieval Muslims made stunning math breakthrough", Today's Zaman (Turkey) [ link]
- "Early Muslims made amazing math inventions", Brunei Times (Brunei) [ link]
- "Medieval Islamic architecture presages 20th century mathematics", Harvard University Gazette [ link]
Science Media
- "Islamic tiles reveal sophisticated maths", Nature.com [ link ]
- "Medieval Islamic tiling reveals mathematical savvy", NewScientist.com [ link ]
- "Ancient Islamic Penrose Tiles", Sciencenews.org [ link ]
- "Islamic Artisans Constructed Exotic Nonrepeating Pattern 500 Years Before Mathematicians", Scientific American online [ link ]
- "Islamic 'quasicrystals' predate Penrose tiles", PhysicsWeb.org [ link ]
- "Medieval Islamic Mosaics Used Modern Math", LiveScience.com [ link ]
Non English Languages Media
- "Sanat ve matematik", BBCTurkish.com (UK/Turkey) [ link ]
- "Il segreto dell'architettura islamica medioevale : Usa formule matematiche del XX secolo"", La Repubblica (Italy) [ link ]
- "Des mosaïques arabo-islamiques médiévales témoignent d'une géométrie avancée", AFP/fr.yahoo.com (France) [ link ]
- "Puzzle der Unendlichkeit", Die Zeit (Germany) [ link ]
- "Moschee-Baumeister waren westlichen Mathematikern 500 Jahre voraus", spiegel.de (Germany) [ link ]
- "Das Geheimnis der Girih", SpektrumDirect (Germany) [ link ]
- "Das Geheimnis der islamischen Kachelmosaike", Wissenschaft.de (Germany) [ link link ]
- "Geometrische Schönheiten", Berliner Zeitung (Germany) [ link ]
- "Sofisticada geometria en el arte islamico", BBCMundo.com (UK/Spain) [ link ]
- "El arte de las matematicas", abc.es (Spain) [ link ]
- "Arte islamica medieval usava matematica moderna, diz estudo", BBCBrazil.com (UK/Brasil) [ link ]
- Donga.com (Korea) [ link ]
- "Vijf tegels voor Allah", noorderlicht.vpro.nl (The Netherlands) [ link ]
[1] A survey on plans of Muqarnas can be found at: www.tamabi.ac.jp/idd/shiro/muqarnas
[2] An outcome of earlier work by this group of scholars concerning al-Kashi's contribution to architecture was issued in 1996 as a video tape distributed by The American Mathematical Society: Qubba for al-Kâshî. Video Tape(Heidelberg: Institut für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen, Universität Heidelberg).
[3]Alpay Özdural 1995. "Omar Khayyâm, Mathematicians and Conversazioni with Artisans." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians vol 54: pp. 54-71 (etablishes a connection between a triangle constructed by al-Khayyâm in his treatise of algebra and mosaic drawings);
Alpay Özdural 1996. "On Interlocking Similar or Corresponding Figures and Ornamental Patterns of Cubic Equations." Muqarnas (Leiden) vol. 13: pp. 191-211 (a partial analysis of an Iranian MS from the 16th century including mosaic drawings that could not be drawn by compas and ruler);
Alpay Özdural 1998. "A Mathematical Sonata for Architecture: Omar Khayyam and the Friday Mosque of Isfahan." Technology and Culture vol. 39: pp. 699-715;
Alpay Özdural 2000. "Mathematics and Arts: Connections between Theory and Practice in the Medieval Islamic World." Historia Mathematica vol. 27: pp. 171–201.
Image (Front): Image courtesy of W.B. Denny (www.sciencenews.org)