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Rodion Shchedrin. Opera "Boyar Morozova." (2006) Russian choral opera in two parts. Libretto by the composer. Characters: Boyar Morozova Duchess Urusova archpriest Habakkuk Tsar Alexis
In Rodion ShchedrinÆs biography, the genre of opera was long on the
peripheries, the composer but rarely turning to it ¢ at intervals of ten to
fifteen years. It was only in the 21st century when he produced three operas ¢
The Enchanted Wanderer (2002), Boyarina Morozova (2006) and The Lefthander
(2012¢2013) ¢ that Shchedrin came to the forefront of contemporary opera
composers. This occurred, of course, not just because of the quantity of works
but, first and foremost, because of the artistic merits of these opuses. In his
operas, Shchedrin turns to ōeternalö themes important for Russia: the meaning of
human existence, life, its values and worth, the soul and faith, Russia, its
people and the authorities, its fortunes and its misfortunes.
Boyarina Morozova (the full title is The Life and Sufferings of Boyarina
Morozova and Her Sister Princess Urusova) is a ōRussian choral opera in two
parts for four soloists, mixed chorus, trumpet, kettledrums and percussion.ö The
libretto was written by Shchedrin himself after The Life of Boyarina Morozova,
Princess Urusova and Maria Danilova, The Hagiography of the Archpriest Avvakum,
the letters of Avvakum to his parishioners Morozova and Urusova and his Lament
for Three Confessors. Shchedrin considered the concept of this opera for many
years, though as he himself admits the key to its embodiment came only when the
operaÆs choral slant became defined (which, in turn, led to a rejection of the
Shchedrin sees the 17th century Hagiography as RussiaÆs Passions, and thus
there is a logical association with the most outstanding examples of that genre
¢ such as Johann Sebastian BachÆs Passions. The similarities lie first and
foremost in the use of the chorus as a co-participant in the action (repeating
the evil and cruel words of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich and other persecutors of
the heroines not mentioned in the opera) and as a commentator and witness that
pities the poor victims. A parallel may be drawn with another famous work ¢
Vasily SurikovÆs painting Boyarina Morozova (1887), for many years the only
response in Russian art to this tragic story. As in the opera, in SurikovÆs
painting all the people are co-participants in the event ¢ the curious, those
triumphing over the boyarina and those pitying her. But in his depiction of the
image of the female protagonist, the famous Old Believer Feodosia Morozova,
Shchedrin remains independent ¢ both from the artistÆs interpretation and from
the portrait drawn in the tale and the works of Avvakum. With Surikov this is
depicted as adamantine spirit and fanatical belief. AvvakumÆs description of the
boyarina is like poetry: ōYour fingers are delicate, your eyes blaze with
lightning and you attack your enemies like a lion.ö The image of Morozova is
most multifaceted in the Hagiography: she appears as a saint as well as a normal
person, even experiencing fear (ōFeodosia was terrified to understand that the
torturers were coming...ö). Shchedrin himself selects only the main features of
her character: courage, resolution in faith and love and tenderness for her
sister and son. Since its premiere in October 2006 at the Great Hall of the
Moscow Conservatoire the opera Boyarina Morozova has yet to be staged as a
production. One possible reason is the distinctly oratorical nature of the work
which demands a highly particular and radical directing approach. It is unlikely
that Boyarina Morozova can expect an easy future on the stage, but there is no
doubt that this work may already be considered one of the finest operas of the
early 21st century. Vladimir Goryachikh


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Angela Verdell smiles after being congratulated by the city council following her appointment to the city school board Tuesday at the Municipal Complex. She sits with her son, Aaron, 9, and her mother, Jacqueline Smith. Photo by: Luisa Porter/Dispatch Staff
February 20, 2013 10:05:48 AM
Angela Verdell was appointed by unanimous vote to a five-year term to the Columbus Municipal School District Board of Trustees during Tuesday's Columbus City Council meeting.
Verdell, 41, will replace Tommy Prude, whose term expires March 2. Prude, the current board president, was seeking re-appointment to the board. He was one of four candidates for the position.
The motion to appoint Verdell was made by Ward 1 Councilman Gene Taylor and seconded by Ward 5 Councilman Kabir Karriem.
Verdell, director of diversity programs and student development at Mississippi State University's Bagley College of Engineering, said she wanted to serve because she has two children attending schools in the CMSD.
"As an actively engaged parent of children in this district for over six years, I've had the great fortune to experience every level of education provided by the district and to serve in multiple capacities ranging from PTA leadership to Site Council participation," Verdell said in her candidate profile published in Sunday's edition of The Dispatch. "With a sound parent perspective and a professional background in finance and engineering, my desire is to assist the district in pragmatic financial decision making and provide insight on streamlining processes which will result in greater efficiency and effectiveness within the CMSD."
Karriem said Verdell's active participation within the district was a selling point for his supporting her nomination.
"Mrs. Verdell has children in the district and she's very active in the district," Karriem said. "I think she will be an excellent board member. I think she will be willing to work with current board members to help make it more progressive."
Before the motion was made on the appointment, Karriem thanked his constituents for the large volume of phone calls he received over the weekend regarding Tuesday's appointment.
"This was the most calls I've ever received about an issue," Karriem said. "I wish more people would get involved with the process."
In addition to Verdell and Prude, local banker Antwann Richardson and Rev. James Samuel applied for the appointment. Former educator Pamela Whitney withdrew her application over the weekend due to a family illness.
"We had four good applicants," Mayor Robert Smith said. "We want to thank Mr. Prude for the time he has served."
Verdell will be sworn in March 11 at the regularly scheduled meeting of the school board. A new board president will be selected at that meeting.
Verdell will receive a monthly stipend of $200 as a board member.
Dewitt Hicks was also re-appointed to the Columbus-Lowndes Convention and Visitors Bureau board for a three-year term. Hicks, who is currently the board's chairman, will represent the historic home owners on the board. He was the only applicant for the position.
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1. Winning: Love of baseball drives success for MSU head coach Chris Lemonis STARKVILLE & OKTIBBEHA COUNTY
2. Monday profile: Morris finds calling to medicine, Mississippi COLUMBUS & LOWNDES COUNTY
3. County continues seeking easements for Blackjack Road project STARKVILLE & OKTIBBEHA COUNTY
4. Makerspace movement continues to thrive in Starkville STARKVILLE & OKTIBBEHA COUNTY
5. Lowndes County begins summer work program COLUMBUS & LOWNDES COUNTY

subset: commoncrawl


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Completion of the seminar fulfills mandatory requirements for the CRL A (College Reading and Learning Association) Tutor Training Certificate.
The College Reading and Learning Association has certified over 275 tutor training programs since 1989. To certify an institution, the CRLA carefully reviews the tutor training program according to CRLA guidelines. They review all instructional materials related to the class.
Santa Barbara City College offers Level 1 CRLA certification. Upon completion of the Tutor Training Seminar, students receive a tutoring certificate. This certificate is recognized at many colleges and universities here and abroad. It is also a good way to document skills for your resume.
For more information contact the Tutorial Center Coordinator: Jason Levy at 805-965-0581 x 2667


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A Spike Jonze Love Story
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NORTH DARTMOUTH, Mass. – The Little East Conference recently honored its Hall of Fame Class of 2013 this evening during a reception at the Providence Marriott Hotel. The 12-member class is comprised of a college president, two athletic administrators, two coaches, and seven former student-athletes.
The second Class in conference history will include: former Rhode Island College President John Nazarian, Little East Commissioner and former University of Massachusetts Dartmouth Athletic Director Robert Dowd, and Eastern Connecticut State University sports information director Bob Molta.
Rhode Island College softball coach Maria Morin and University of Southern Maine baseball manager Ed Flaherty will represent the conference coaches.
The seven former student-athletes include: Joanna Brown of the University of Southern Maine, Kevin Kolek of the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Moses Jean-Pierre of Plymouth State, Mark Miller of Keene State College, Kim (Jeffs) Popieniek of Plymouth State, Mary Proulx of Keene State College, and Quazi Sadruzzaman of the University of Massachusetts Boston.
The greatest men's tennis player in UMass Boston history, QUAZI SADRUZZAMAN is the only student-athlete to capture four consecutive Little East Flight One Singles Championships. He anchored the Beacons' lineup from the No. 1 singles position between 2001 and 2004, posting a career singles record of 50-6 (.893). Sadruzzman made it his trademark to play short matches, defeating the opponent in straight sets 44 times. He was dominant over his final two and a half years in an UMass Boston uniform, sporting a 28-match unbeaten streak that spanned from April 27, 2002 to May 8, 2004. Sadruzzman's success was not limited to singles play as evidenced by his 36-17 doubles record. He partnered with Dat Nguyen to raise the 2004 Little East Flight One Doubles Championship. Sadruzzaman is the Beacons' career leader in matches played (109), total matches won (86), and singles matches won (50), while ranking third in highest career winning percentage (.893). He is the only men's tennis player to be inducted into the UMass Boston Hall of Fame.
|Quazi Sadruzzaman is presented his Hall of Fame ring by Don Tencher, Chair of the HOF Committee and Dr. Sara Jayne Steen, Plymouth St. University President
|Quazi is congratulated by UMass Boston Vice Chancellor of Athletics & Recreation and 2012 Little East Hall of Fame Inductee Charlie Titus following the ceremony
One of the most decorated players in the history of the University of Southern Maine women's basketball program, JOANNA BROWN became the fourth Husky to earn Women's Basketball Coaches Association (WBCA) Division III All-American honors during the 1997-1998 season after garnering WBCA Honorable Mention All-American status the previous two campaigns. The 1998 Eastern College Athletic Conference (ECAC) Division III Player of the Year led Southern Maine to a record of 92-15, including four consecutive trips to the NCAA Division III tournament. In 1998, Brown helped the Huskies advance to their first appearance in the NCAA Division III Women's Basketball National Championship Game. The three-time Little East Player of the Year guided Southern Maine to a 47-3 mark within the conference circuit, four regular-season titles, and three tournament championships. Brown, a 6-0 center, is the career leader in field goal percentage, converting on 57-percent of her attempts in 111 career games. She is second in scoring average (16.6 ppg), while ranking third in points (1,845) and rebounds (962). Brown was inducted into the New England Basketball Hall of Fame in 2009.
The second commissioner in the history of the Little East Conference, ROBERT DOWD guided the conference between 1990 and 1995. He was instrumental in the conference's expansion to seven members with the addition of Western Connecticut State University in 1993. Dowd also oversaw the operation of the conference's six championship sports with the inclusion of women's soccer in 1990. He was named as the Little East Interim Commissioner in March 2013. Dowd enjoyed a 42-year relationship with UMass Dartmouth, serving as an administrator and coach. He led the Corsair athletic department from 1988 to 1996, in addition to a second stint as Interim Athletic Director during the 1997-98 academic year. Dowd remained on the UMass Dartmouth senior staff before retiring in 2009.
In 28 seasons as head coach of the University of Southern Maine, ED FLAHERTY has directed one of the most successful and widely respected baseball programs in the nation. He has compiled a career record of 842-379-4, which ranks seventh on the Division III baseball all-time wins list. The Huskies have captured two NCAA Division III Championships (1991, 1997) and seven Regional Championships in 20 NCAA tournament appearances. Southern Maine became the first collegiate team from the State of Maine to win a national championship in 1991. Six years later, the Huskies became just the second New England institution to capture multiple national titles, when Southern Maine defeated the College of Wooster. Flaherty has guided the Huskies to seven Little East regular-season titles, while sporting four conference tournament championships. He was named 1991 and 1997 NCAA Division III National Coach of the Year by the American Baseball Coaches Association (ABCA) and was voted New England Coach of the Year in 1989, 1990, and 1991. Flaherty was tabbed as the Little East Coach of the Year seven times, including this past season after leading Southern Maine to a program-record 46 victories and a berth in the NCAA Championship Game.
A member of the Little East Men's Basketball 25th Anniversary Team, KEVIN KOLEK was the cornerstone of the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth teams between 1984 and 1988. In 109 career games, Kolek averaged 19 points, five rebounds, and six assists, while connecting on 51-percent of his attempts from the field. He is the Corsair leader in career assists (670) and three-point field goal percentage (.505), while ranking fourth in scoring (2,027 points). During his tenure, Kolek led UMass Dartmouth to a record of 86-23, including three consecutive appearances in the NCAA Division III tournament. The shooting guard earned the Most Outstanding Player Award for helping the Corsairs capture the 1986 NCAA Regional Championship and berth into the National Quarterfinals. He guided UMass Dartmouth to the Little East regular-season and tournament titles in 1987 and 1988. Kolek was the first player to be honored as the Little East Player of the Year in 1987, while sharing the conference's top player award the following season. Highly decorated, Kolek was named the 1986 New England Basketball Coaches Association Unsung Hero, 1987 Eastern College Athletic Conference (ECAC) Division III Player of the Year, and a member of the 1988 Converse All-American second-team.
One of the most dominant men's basketball players in NCAA history, MOSES JEAN-PIERRE is the Plymouth State all-time scoring leader and 16th overall in Division III with 2,483 points. He set nearly a dozen Panther school records from 1990-1994, including career assists (669), steals (497), and consecutive games with a successful three-pointer (32). The guard from Cambridge, Mass. established a new career Division III standard for steals per game (5.51), while setting the single-season record for steals per game (6.3) and total steals (189) in 1994. During his time at Plymouth State, Jean-Pierre led Plymouth State to an overall record of 66-42, two Eastern College Athletic Conference (ECAC) tournaments, and an appearance in the 1994 Little East Championship Game. The three-time All-New England selection was named the 1994 ECAC New England Player of the Year and first-team All-America, when he averaged 28.8 points per game. Jean-Pierre is just one of three Panther basketball players to have their uniform number (12) retired in Foley Gymnasium. He was inducted into the Plymouth State Hall of Fame in his first year of eligibility in 1999.
The most honored male athlete in the history of Keene State athletics, MARK MILLER is the College's only male runner to win multiple national championships. During his unprecedented career between 1999 and 2003, Miller was a four-time national champion and a 10-time All-American. The Shelburne Falls, Mass. product dominated in the 1,500-meter run throughout his tenure, capturing both the indoor and outdoor national titles in 2001, the 2002 outdoor championship, and the 2003 indoor meet. Miller also achieved national success on the cross country trails, racing to All-America honors in 2000 and 2001. He posted the fastest time at the Little East Cross Country Championships, covering the UMass Dartmouth course in a time of 24 minutes, 00.14 seconds in 2001 for the first of his two conference titles. Miller also set two Little East indoor meet records –800-meter run and 1,500-meter run—en route to capturing seven first place finishes, while also adding five outdoor titles. He was enshrined in the Keene State Hall of Fame in 2009, earning the milestone in his first year of eligibility.
The only full-time Sports Information Director in Eastern Connecticut State University history, BOB MOLTA is a former Little East Conference publicist and has been involved with the conference since its inception in 1986. Since 1985, Molta spent many years coordinating publicity and statistics for the conference before the appointment of the conference's first official publicist. A member of the College Sports Information Directors Association of America, Molta has witnessed the conference's expansion as a basketball-only alliance to its current status as one of the top conferences in Division III, which currently sponsors 19 intercollegiate championships. Molta has coordinated publicity and statistics for the conference baseball tournament nine times since 1998, and for the Little East softball tournament three times in the last five years. At Eastern, Molta formerly coordinated the New England Intercollegiate Baseball Association (NEIBA) weekly rankings for eight years and the New England Women's Basketball Association (NEWBA) rating service for three years. During Molta's tenure, Eastern has hosted the NCAA Division III national softball tournament three times and the national baseball tournament twice.
The winningest coach in Rhode Island College history, MARIA MORIN built the Anchorwomen softball program into a perennial power between 1995 and 2012. She solidified her place among the legendary names in New England collegiate softball with a career record of 458-252-4. Morin's 458 career victories rank 40th on the Division III wins list. Rhode Island College captured two NCAA Division III New England Regional Championships (2007, 2008) in five appearances in the national field. In 2009, the Anchorwomen registered the most successful season in program history in terms of total victories with a 42-7 mark. Under her watchful eye, Rhode Island College became the first program to win five consecutive Little East regular-season titles. The Anchorwomen represented the conference as its automatic qualifier in the NCAA tournament in four straight seasons between 2006 and 2009. Morin mentored two National Fastpitch Coaches Association (NFCA) Division III All-Americans, while also advising 22 All-New England selections. Rhode Island College was named the NFCA Division III New England Coaching Staff of the Year twice, while Morin was selected by her peers as the Little East Coach of the Year three times.
DR. JOHN NAZARIAN was appointed the eighth president of Rhode Island College in May of 1990 after serving two previous terms (1984-85; January 1990 – April 1990) as acting president. The Presidency of John Nazarian was characterized by strong fiscal stewardship; significant expansion and improvement of the College's campus; advocacy for programs to support opportunity and access to higher education; strengthening of the College's School of Education; establishment of two new Schools within the College, the School of Management and the School of Nursing; creation of a Presidential Scholars program; development of new undergraduate majors and graduate programs – including the College's first Ph.D. program, offered jointly with the University of Rhode Island; initiation of a new, widely-acclaimed general studies program; major improvements in academic and administrative technology; and the successful completion of the College's first-ever capital campaign. In addition to his responsibilities at Rhode Island College, Nazarian served as the first President of the Little East Conference during its formation, while also becoming the league's first representative on the NCAA President's Council in 2006.
One of the top pitchers in Division III collegiate softball history, KIM (JEFFS) POPIENIEK represented Plymouth State on the All-America teams in 2002 and 2003. In 115 games, Jeffs posted a career record of 66-36 with an earned run average of 0.86 and 38 shutouts. She shattered every Panther pitching record during her career (2002-2005), while currently ranking among the national leaders in career strikeouts (7th, 1,109). The two-time Little East Pitcher of the Year established a Division III standard for strikeouts in a single-game (20), while also owning the most strikeouts in a season (375) at the time of her graduation. The Stoughton, Mass. product also registered 19 strikeouts against Coast Guard Academy, marking the fifth highest total in a seven-inning game in NCAA history. Jeffs, the ace of the 2003 Plymouth State staff, led the Panthers to the programs most victories in a single season (30), including the Eastern College Athletic Conference (ECAC) Division III New England Championship. She was inducted into the Plymouth State Hall of Fame in 2010.
Mary Proulx, Keene State College
The most decorated student-athlete in Keene State College history, MARY PROULX is the all-time NCAA leader in the 10,000-meter run, posting the fastest time (33:21.80) by a Division III runner at the prestigious 2003 Penn Relays. During her unparalleled career (1999-2003), Proulx was the first Owl female track All-American and national champion. She captured five national championships and earned 15 All-America citations. The Ashland, N.H. native won both the 3,000 and 5,000-meter races at the 2001 NCAA Outdoor Championship, while also placing first in the 5,000 and 10,000-meter events the following year. Proulx defended her 10,000-meter outdoor title at the 2003 spring championship. A three-time cross country All-American, she placed fourth at the 2002 NCAA Championships in Northfield, Minn. Proulx recorded two fastest times in Little East Cross Country Championship history, including setting the conference meet record (17:21.14) in 2001. She also set two Little East standards in the indoor championship, 1,5000-meter run (4:41.12) and 3,000-meter run (9:53.27), while breaking the 1,500-meter record on the outdoor track (4:31.37). The only two-time Keene State Female Athlete of the Year was inducted in the Owl Hall of Fame in 2009.
Formed in 1986, the Little East serves as New England's premier athletic conference for public institutions in NCAA Division III. Featuring 19 championship sports, the Little East sponsors quality competition in every season for our student athletes. Our eight state colleges and universities dedicate themselves to an ongoing fulfillment of the Division III mission of passion, responsibility, sportsmanship, and citizenship.


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Canadiens' Bergevin, Kings' Lombardi and Ducks' Murray named finalists for NHL GM of the Year AwardNHL.com @NHLdotcom
NEW YORK -- Marc Bergevin of the Montreal Canadiens, Dean Lombardi of the Los Angeles Kings and Bob Murray of the Anaheim Ducks are the three finalists for the 2013-14 NHL General Manager of the Year Award, the National Hockey League announced today. Bergevin and Murray are finalists for the second consecutive season, while Lombardi is a finalist for the first time.
Voting for this award was conducted among the 30 club general managers and a panel of NHL executives, print and broadcast media at the conclusion of the Second Round of the 2014 Stanley Cup Playoffs. The winner will be announced Tuesday, June 24, during the 2014 NHL Awards from Encore Theater at Wynn Las Vegas. The 2014 NHL Awards will be broadcast by NBCSN in the United States and CBC in Canada.
Following are the finalists for the NHL General Manager of the Year Award, in alphabetical order:
Marc Bergevin, Montreal Canadiens
Bergevin guided the Canadiens (46-28-8, 100 points) to their second 100-point season since 1992-93, leading the team to the playoffs for the second time in as many years as general manager. He bolstered the offense with the summer signing of Daniel Briere and also added grit with the offseason acquisitions of Douglas Murray and George Parros. Bergevin then shored up the roster with midseason trades for Thomas Vanek, Mike Weaver and Dale Weise, all of whom played critical roles in the team advancing to the Eastern Conference Final for the second time in the past five seasons.
"Marc, since he arrived with the Canadiens, has done an extraordinary job," Canadiens coach Michel Therrien said. "With his charisma, his emotion, his sense for making good decisions, all that means the Canadiens are at a different level than when he arrived. … The chemistry Marc was able to establish on our management team with the people he's surrounded himself with, with the coaching staff, with everyone, I think that's felt by the players."
Dean Lombardi, Los Angeles Kings
Under the direction of Lombardi, the Kings (46-28-8, 100 points) earned their fifth consecutive playoff berth, recorded their fourth 100-point season in franchise history and made their third straight appearance in the Western Conference Final. He solidified the team's blue line by re-signing defensemen Alec Martinez, Jake Muzzin and Slava Voynov and did the same up front by bringing back Dustin Brown, Kyle Clifford, Trevor Lewis and Jordan Nolan. Lombardi then kick-started the club's offense with the addition of Marian Gaborik at the Trade Deadline; after being blanked six times in 63 games prior to his arrival, the Kings were not shut out once in the final 19 contests of the regular season with Gaborik in the lineup.
"His plan when he came here, he needed to be able to put it in place for a team that was probably behind the eight ball, in terms of a lot of different things, in terms of the management part of it, probably the scouting part of it," Kings coach Darryl Sutter said.
Murray paved the way for the finest season in Ducks history, leading the team to its second straight Pacific Division title; the top record in the Western Conference for the first time in club history; and franchise records in wins (54), points (116), points percentage (.707), home wins (29) and road wins (25). He set the Ducks up for success by re-signing Matt Beleskey, Saku Koivu, Ben Lovejoy and Kyle Palmieri as well as enticing Teemu Selanne to return for one final season. Murray also traded for Mathieu Perreault during the preseason; added depth players in Mark Fistric, Tim Jackman, Stephane Robidas and Jakob Silfverberg; and oversaw the development of young goaltenders Frederik Andersen and John Gibson.


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Most crocheters learn from someone else — a parent, grandparent or friend. Even if there were no how-to books, the art of crochet would flourish down through the generations.
Here are some suggestions from experienced teachers that will help you get started.
WHO?You can teach anyone — women, men, teens and young children from about 6 on up. You can even share the skill without sharing a language.
Get them started by learning just the basics — the chain, single and double crochet stitches. Once these are mastered, your student will be able to fly on her own to new heights. Here are some diagrams that will help your students.
Chain (ch)
Single Crochet (sc)
Double Crochet (dc)
Most crocheters learn from someone else — a parent, grandparent or friend. Even if there were no how-to books, the art of crochet would flourish down through the generations.
Here are some suggestions from experienced teachers that will help you get started.
Swatch for Beginners (made in advance by instructor)
Chain 23.
Row 1: Single crochet in second chain from hook and in each chain across:you will have 22 single crochets. Chain 1, turn.
Row 2: Sc in each sc, ch 1, turn.
Repeat Row 2 until piece measures about two inches long. Remove hook, and place a safety pin in last loop so it does not unravel before it goes to the student.
Sit down beside (not in front of) your student. Remove the safety pin. Insert the hook in the last loop, chain one and turn, work the first two stitches in single crochet, going slowly and showing the student the steps. Then give the hook and the work to the student and guide her through working single crochets across the rest of the row.
Let the student hold the work and the hook however it is most comfortable. There's no one right way! And don't worry about gauge or even stitches at this point. Let her look at the diagram for single crochet as she works. GIVE LOTS OF COMPLIMENTS! Explain that it's not her fault if the yarn splits, but she will have to take out and redo the stitch.
Have the student finish the row, then explain about the turning chain. Have student chain 1 and turn, and show where the first stitch of the next row begins. Let the student work 6 rows of single crochet.
The biggest challenge is to make sure she brings the yarn over the hook from BACK TO FRONT, rather than FRONT TO BACK. Have her look at the right and wrong diagrams to help with this. Have the student count her stitches at the end of each row. By this time her hands may be a bit tired, so it's time for a cup of coffee or tea, while you explain that single crochet is the shortest stitch, and that next she will learn to make taller stitches.
Break Time
Now back to crochet! Have her make three turning chains, then work double crochet across the row. Show her the diagrams that explain that the turning chains count as a stitch, and where to work the last stitch. Let her work six rows in double crochet. Show her how to finish off the work.
Now the student should be fairly comfortable, so it's time to show her how to make a slip knot and a starting chain, and then how to work single crochet into it. Have her work a few rows.
Show her how to finish off and weave in her ends.
To keep up her enthusiasm, it's time to show her some fun stuff, just to give her an idea. Show her how to work a 3-dc shell, a puff stitch, and a bobble. She doesn't have to master them at this point, just try them so she can see the potential.
She is now a crocheter and ready for her first project!
Her first real project should be something like a scarf, and we've given a pattern that's a good one for a beginner.
Show her how to read the pattern and help her get the scarf started with the yarn she has chosen (avoid dark color yarns or those with lots of texture).
Download a certificate to fill out for the student.
Each One Teach Two Logo by Brittany Lord


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Advanced Search
Science & Engineering | News
The idea of getting machines to think and act more like people is nothing new. In the Iliad Homer described Hephaestus's 20 self-moving tripods that could scale Mount Olympus to deliver his forged goods to the other gods. Now the subject is a getting a modern twist. MIT has just received a five-year, $25 million grant specifically to study how human intelligence emerges from brain activity. The National Science Foundation made the award to fund creation of a multi-institutional research facility called the Center for Brains, Minds and Machines.
"Understanding the brain is one of the grand scientific challenges at the intersection of the physical, life, behavioral and engineering sciences," said John Wingfield, assistant director of NSF's Biological Sciences Directorate. "Despite major research and technological advances achieved in recent decades, a comprehensive understanding of the brain--how thoughts, memories and intelligent behavior emerge from dynamic brain activity--remains unexplained."
The new Center grew out of the MIT Intelligence Initiative, an interdisciplinary program that paired Tomaso Poggio, a professor of brain sciences and human behavior at MIT, with Joshua Tenenbaum, a professor in the Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences (BCS) and a principal investigator in the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory. The two researchers proposed a program that would pull together work being done at BCS and the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.
"With a system as complicated as the brain, there is a point where you need to get people to work together across different disciplines and techniques," Poggio said. That earlier initiative was launched in 2011. The latest version expands on the vision by bringing together 20 faculty members, 10 from MIT, five from Harvard University, and the rest from Cornell, Rockefeller University, the University of California at Los Angeles, Stanford, and the Allen Institute for Brain Science. The Center will also tap international partners such as the Italian Institute of Technology and the Max Planck Institutes in Germany, among others.
The Center will have four areas of research focus: integration of intelligence, including vision, language and motor skills; circuits for intelligence, which will span research in neurobiology and electrical engineering; the development of intelligence in children; and social intelligence. Poggio will also lead the development of a "theoretical platform" intended to serve as a foundation for work in all four areas.
"Those four thrusts really do fit together, in the sense that they cover what we think are the biggest challenges facing us when we try to develop a computational understanding of what intelligence is all about," explained Patrick Winston, a professor of engineering at MIT and research coordinator for the Center.
Funding will also go to creating a summer school program, technical workshops, and online courses to train students who are "fluent" in the study of intelligence.
"Investments such as this in collaborative, fundamental science projects will ultimately lead to discoveries that revolutionize our understanding of the brain, which is the goal of the new BRAIN Initiative," the NSF's Wingfield said. "Progress in this area holds enormous potential to improve our educational, economic, health and social institutions." The BRAIN initiative was kicked off earlier this year during an NSF workshop that brought together researchers and other representative from multiple disciplines to share the latest findings on physical and mathematical principles of brain structure and function.
About the Author
Dian Schaffhauser is a senior contributing editor for 1105 Media's education publications THE Journal and Campus Technology. She can be reached at email@example.com or on Twitter @schaffhauser.
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Lady Gaga Desperately Trying to Seal Court Docs That Could Harm Her Career
Yikes! Maybe this is why Lady Gaga has been so quiet lately.
The 'Monster' singer is reportedly trying every to keep court documents about how she was discovered from ever seeing the light of day. What could she be hiding?
TMZ reports that Gaga is in the middle of a lawsuit between her former BFF and collaborator, Wendy Starland, and her ex boyfriend and former producer Rob Fusari.
In 2010, Starland filed a lawsuit against Fusari for not giving her any cuts of the profits he made off of Mother Monster. In the suit (via MTV News), Starland claimed she agreed to help Fusari find a "unique female singer, under the age of 25, who could be the female equivalent of the lead singer of the band the Strokes." According to the suit, Fusari told Starland that if she "could find and introduce him to such a singer, they would work together to develop the singer and share equally in any revenues earned as a result."
Starland claims she never saw a penny of those riches.
Now, Gaga -- born Stefani Germanotta -- is stuck in the middle (following her own suit against Fusari being dropped in 2010). She doesn't want the court docs from Starland's suit against Fusari becoming public because they contain info that is "sensitive, private, and personal." Gaga also claims that whatever's in that paperwork would "inflict significant personal and professional harm upon" her. Further, the 'ARTPOP' star points out that she and Fusari are legally bound to keep the information private as part of a non-disparagement agreement they share.
For her part, Gaga claims that Vincent Herbert discovered her -- not Fusari. Only time will tell what gets unveiled!


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Writers & Their Regions Class Presents New Work
The Center for Creative Work invites the community to see and hear new work by the Writers & Their Regions class of 2010 at their end-of-semester presentation on Friday, May 7, 2010. The presentation will begin at noon in the Honors Commons, and feature readings of fiction and poetry as well as a display of visual art.
American Sign Language Interpreting major and visual artist Alaina Vercher plans to present a series of paintings and ink washes exploring the "never ending heat of Texas." Her display will include images of Houston and Concan, Texas, where the class spent Spring Break. "The heat in West Texas is dry and fiery and hot, and the heat that's in Houston is in you, around you, smothering you. Big Difference," she says.
Media Production student Brittany Holland will share her film-in-progress, a work focusing on loss of innocence and the blurred lines between right and wrong. Holland says her project was inspired by one of the class readings, the novel Rockspring by R.G. Vliet, and her spring break visit to the Frio River. Guests will see early stages of the project—the script, storyboard, or early footage.
Writers & Their Regions is the Center for Creative Work's signature course. It features seminar-style class meetings and a week-long artists' retreat that gives students and faculty time to focus on their creative projects. English Literature major Ana Castillo says, "This was an incredible learning experience. From strengthening my writing and prose to building fires with Dean Monroe in Concan, Texas, this class has really broadened my perspective in literature." The course is offered each spring to upperclassmen dedicated to honing their craft and developing a specific creative project over the semester. On May 7, the students will present their work to The Honors College, the University, and the wider Houston community.


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Marriages, new jobs, new children, new grandchildren — find out what fellow alums have been up to since the last Class Note Corner.
Ruth Ann Hanley '56 of Indianapolis has published a book titled "No Pulling Back." There will be a reading and discussion session in the Archbishop Alter Library at Mount St. Joseph University, on Monday, October 13.
Amy Lynn Schroyer '87 of Cincinnati has become the interim site executive of the Daniel Drake Center for Post-Acute Care.
Jeremy Rosselot-Merritt '01 of Cincinnati has been appointed to be on the board of directors of the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation Southwest Ohio as well as the outreach chair for the chapter. The appointment is for two years.
Steve Bain '02 of Cincinnati was named the new treasurer for Oak Hills School District.
Nick Messinger '08 of Cincinnati accepted a position as Assistant Professor of Pharmacy Practice and Administrative Sciences at the University of Cincinnati James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy.
Trent Hammer '10 of Columbus, Ohio, and Jacqueline Weber '10 of Elmore, Ohio, will be married on September 27, 2014.
Ashley Lear '12 of Cincinnati married Brandon Gault on May 9, 2014.
Would you like to tell your fellow alums what's been happening in your life? Submit a classnote today.


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Combine all brine ingredients in a plastic container with a lid. Place the lid on the container and shake to dissolve the salt.
Remove the pop-up thermometer, liver, gizzards, and heart. Cut off the wings.
Using kitchen shears, locate the spine at the base of the neck. Cut up the line of the backbone towards the neck cavity. Turn the duck and cut straight towards the rear cavity. Remove the backbone.
Turn the duck over and cut straight down the middle of the breast bone, leaving 2 equal duck halves. To separate the legs from the breast, flip your halves over so the flesh side is facing up at you. Using a knife, make a crescent shape cut between the leg and the breast. Lay your knife flat against the skin and make 3 marks in one direction and then in the other, making an X. Make sure that you are cutting through the skin and not the meat.
Line the inside of a plastic lexan or a pot with a zip-top bag. Place the duck quarters inside the bag, and pour the brine over the duck. Seal the bag, ensuring that all air is removed from the bag. Brine the duck for 2 to 2 1/2 hours in the refrigerator.
Bring 1 1/2 inches to 2 inches of water to a boil in a large pot. Place a colander into the pot and line the sides of the colander with the duck. Do not stack the duck quarters on each other. Cover and turn the heat to medium low. Steam the duck for 45 minutes. Set oven to 475 degrees F. Place a large cast iron skillet into the oven.
Remove duck pieces from steamer and place legs, skin side down, into the hot skillet. Place the skillet into the hot oven immediately and cook the leg quarters for 10 minutes. Add the breasts, skin side down, and cook for 7 more minutes or until the duck takes on a deep mahogany color and the skin is very crisp.
Remove the duck from the skillet and rest under foil. Add the chard and the shallots to the skillet. Toss the chard in the fat until it barely wilts. Season with the sherry or balsamic vinegar.
Serve the duck with the chard.


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Colorado Pure - Semi-Solid - Garnet
Regular price
We have 3 in stock.
Colorado Pure Fingering - Semi-Solid - Garnet
Colorado Pure takes a rustic approach to a Colorado raised yarn. We had this yarn milled for or our MJ Yarns Red Label Line and especially for you. We wanted to get back to our Colorado roots with a sturdy yet delightfully soft yarn. Don't forget to purchase all the quantity you need for your project! Once we are out of stock, this line will be retired!
- Color: Red
- Content: 100% Colorado Merino
- Weight: Fingering – 2 Ply
- Origin: Grown in Colorado!
- 100 g ~ 430 yards
- Care: Hand Wash Cold, Lay Flat to Dry


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Table of Contents
Alternative Modalities
> Routes of administration
Routes of administration
Related terms
Author information
Classification outline
More information about routes of administration
Selected references:
Related Terms
Auricular, buccal, conjunctival, cutaneous, dental, electro-osmosis, endocervical, endosinusial, endotracheal, enteral, epidural, extra-amniotic, extracorporeal, hemodialysis, infiltration, interstitial, intradermal, intralesional, intraluminal, intramuscular, intravenous, IV, nasal, ophthalmic, oral, otic, parenteral, rectal, subcutaneous, sublingual, suppository, topical, transdermal patch, vaginally.
The route of administration is defined as the path by which a drug or other substance enters the body. The pharmacokinetic properties, such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, of a drug are critically influenced by the route of administration.
The United States Food and Drug Administration recognizes 111 distinct routes of administration.
The development of alternative methods of drug administration has improved the ability of physicians to manage specific problems.
Author information
This information has been edited and peer-reviewed by contributors to the Natural Standard Research Collaboration (www.naturalstandard.com).
Classification outline
Routes of administration can broadly be divided into four categories: topical, enteral, parenteral and other.
: Usually for a local effect, a substance is applied directly where its action is desired.
Epicutaneous (application onto the skin), e.g. allergy testing, topical local anesthesia
Inhalational, e.g. asthma medications
Enema, e.g. contrast media for imaging of the bowel
Eye drops (onto the conjunctiva), e.g. antibiotics for conjuncitivitis
Ear drops, such as antibiotics and corticosteroids for otitis externa
Intranasal, e.g. decongestant nasal sprays
: Desired effect is systemic (non-local) where substance is given via the digestive tract.
By mouth (orally), many drugs as tablets, capsules, or liquids (syrup, suspension, elixir)
By gastric feeding tube, duodenal feeding tube, or gastrostomy, many drugs and enteral nutrition
Rectally, various drugs in suppository or enema form
: Desired effect is systemic where substance is given by routes other than the digestive tract. Parenteral administration generally has the greatest bioavailability because it avoids an absorption phase as well as possible inactivation by first-pass metabolism by the liver. It can be further divided into two subgroups: parenteral by injection or infusion and other parenteral excluding oral route of administration.
Parenteral by injection or infusion
Intravenous (into a vein), e.g. many drugs, total parenteral nutrition (TPN)
Intraarterial (into an artery), e.g. vasodilator drugs in the treatment of vasospasm and thrombolytic drugs for treatment of embolism
Intramuscular (into a muscle), e.g. many vaccines, antibiotics, and long-acting psychoactive agents
Intracardiac (into the heart), e.g. adrenalin during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (not commonly performed anymore)
Subcutaneous (under the skin), e.g. insulin
Intraosseous infusion (into the bone marrow) is, in effect, an indirect intravenous access because the bone marrow drains directly into the venous system. This route is occasionally used for drugs and fluids in emergency medicine and pediatrics when intravenous access is difficult
Intradermal, (into the skin itself) is used for skin testing some allergens, and also for tattoos
Other parenteral administration
Intraperitoneal, (into the peritoneum) is predominantly used in veterinary medicine and animal testing for the administration of systemic drugs and fluids due to the ease of administration compared with other parenteral methods.
Transdermal (diffusion through the intact skin), e.g. transdermal opioid patches in pain therapy
Transmucosal (diffusion through a mucous membrane), e.g., sublingual nitroglycerin
Inhalational, e.g. inhalational anesthetics
Intraperitoneal (infusion or injection into the peritoneal cavity), e.g. peritoneal dialysis
Epidural (synonym: peridural) (injection or infusion into the epidural space), e.g. epidural anesthesia
Intrathecal (injection or infusion into the cerebrospinal fluid), e.g. antibiotics, spinal anesthesia
More information about routes of administration
: Intramuscular injection is an injection of a substance directly into a muscle. It is used for particular forms of medication, which are administered in small amounts. Depending on the chemical properties of the drug, the medication may either be absorbed fairly quickly or more gradually. Intramuscular injections are often given in the deltoid, vastus lateralis, ventrogluteal and dorsogluteal muscles. When the gluteal muscles are used, injections should be made on the upper, outer quadrant of the buttock to avoid damaging the sciatic nerve.
Intramuscular injection is similar to subcutaneous injection, except that medication is delivered deeper into tissue, and a larger needle is usually used. Drugs in aqueous solution are rapidly absorbed. However, very slow constant absorption can be obtained if the drug is administered in oil or suspended in other repository vehicles. It can be used for relatively irritant drugs and larger volumes can be administered.
: Intraosseous infusion is the process of injection directly into the marrow of the bone. The needle is injected right through the bone and into the soft marrow interior.
: Intravenous therapy, or IV therapy, is the administration of liquid substances directly into a vein. It can be intermittent (an IV bolus), or continuous (an intravenous drip). The simplest form of intravenous access is a syringe with an attached hollow needle. The needle is inserted through the skin into a vein, and the contents of the syringe are injected through the needle into the bloodstream. This is most easily done with an arm vein, especially one of the metacarpal veins. This is the most common intravenous access method in both hospitals and paramedic services.
Therapeutic effects of medication delivered by IV injection are extremely rapid, as the initial absorption step is bypassed. Drug levels are accurately controlled, and it is suitable for large volumes of drugs.
A peripheral IV line consists of a short catheter inserted through the skin into a peripheral vein. A peripheral vein is any vein that is not in the chest or abdomen. Arm and hand veins are typically used although leg and foot veins are occasionally used. Veins in the scalp are sometimes used in infants. .
Central IV lines flow through a catheter with its tip within a large vein, usually the superior vena cava or inferior vena cava, or within the right atrium of the heart. This has several advantages over a peripheral IV. It can deliver fluids and medications that would be overly irritating to peripheral veins because of their concentration or chemical composition, such as chemotherapy drugs and total parenteral nutrition. Medications delivered by a central IV reach the heart immediately, and are quickly distributed to the rest of the body.
Compared with other routes of administration, the intravenous route is the fastest way to deliver fluids and medications throughout the body. Some medications, as well as blood transfusions and lethal injections, can only be given intravenously.
: Orally, drugs are often taken as tablets or capsules. A tablet is a mixture of active substances and binders, usually in powder form, pressed into a solid. A capsule is a mixture of similar ingredients enclosed within a gelatinous outer shell. Medicines to be taken orally are very often supplied in tablet form. Medicinal tablets and capsules are usually intended to be swallowed, and are of a suitable size and shape. A coating may be applied to hide the taste of the tablet's components.
: Drugs given rectally may be in the form of enemas or suppositories. An enema is the procedure of introducing liquids into the rectum and colon via the anus. The main uses of enemas are as laxatives or to clean the lower bowel prior to examination or surgery. Enemas may also be used for the administration of substances into the bloodstream. This may be done in situations where it is undesirable or impossible to deliver a medication by mouth, such as antiemetics given to reduce nausea. The topical administration of medications into the rectum, such as corticosteroids and mesalamine used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, may be accomplished by an enema. Administration by enema avoids having the medication pass through the entire gastrointestinal tract, therefore simplifying the delivery of the medication to the affected area and limiting the amount that is absorbed into the bloodstream.
A suppository is a medicine that is inserted either into the rectum (rectal suppository), the vagina (vaginal suppository), or into the urethra where it melts. Vaginal suppositories are used to treat gynecological ailments, especially vaginal infections such as candidiasis, or yeast infections. Rectal suppositories are used for laxative purposes, to treat hemorrhoids by delivering a moisturizer or vasoconstrictor, and for general medical administration purposes. The substances in the suppository are absorbed by the rectal mucosa and enter the bloodstream. Urethral suppositories are used to treat infections or erectile dysfunction. Suppositories are used especially for small children, for they may be easier to administer than tablets or syrups, or for patients experiencing intractable vomiting.
: Subcutaneous injection is useful when slow and continuous absorption is required. The formulation must be isotonic and at physiological pH. Certain drugs are irritating and can cause severe injection site pain and tissue necrosis, so it is common practice to alternate between injection sites. The rate of distribution of the drug is largely dependent on blood flow and can therefore be slowed by including a vasoconstrictor. Warming or vigorous massage of the injection site will increase distribution of medication.
: A transdermal patch is a medicated adhesive patch that is placed on the skin that delivers a time-released dose of medication through the skin and into the bloodstream. The most common transdermal patch, the nicotine patch, contains nicotine and is used to quit the habit of tobacco smoking. Transdermal patches are used to deliver a wide variety of pharmaceuticals; recent developments are their use in the delivery of hormonal contraceptives (see contraceptive patch) and antidepressants.
Transdermal drug application can significantly alter drug kinetics. The bioavailability of a transdermal drug differs depending on the site of application, the thickness and integrity of the skin, the size of the drug molecule, the permeability of the membrane of the transdermal delivery system, the state of skin hydration, the thickness of the adipose (fat) tissue under the application site, the pH of the drug, and the alteration of blood flow in the skin caused by varying body temperature.
: Drug absorption through a mucosal surface is generally efficient because the stratum corneum epidermidis, the major barrierto absorption across the skin, is absent. Mucosal surfaces areusually rich in blood supply, providing the means for rapid drugtransport to the systemic circulation and avoiding, in most cases,degradation by first-pass hepatic metabolism. The amount of drug absorbed depends on drug concentration, vehicle of drug delivery, mucosal contact time, venous drainage of the mucosal tissues, degree of the drug's ionization and the pH of the absorption site, size of the drug molecule, and relative lipid solubility.
Respiratory tract mucosal absorption is useful for the treatment of pulmonary conditions and for delivery of drugs via systemic circulation. One of the oldest examples is inhalation anesthesia. Administration may be accomplished by inhalation of vaporized, nebulized, powdered, or aerosolized drug, as well as by directinstillation. Metered-dose inhalers and nebulizers are often used to treat asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease related symptoms.
Nasal mucosal administration is rapid and relatively painless. Vasopressin and corticosteroids were among the first drugs to be administered by this route.
Oral transmucosal administration involves sublingual (under the tongue) and buccal (inside the cheek) tablets. Oral transmucosal absorption is generally rapid because of the rich vascular supply to the mucosa and the lack of a stratumcorneum epidermidis. This minimal barrier to drug transport resultsin a rapid rise in blood concentrations. The oral transmucosalroute has been used for many years to provide rapid blood nitratelevels for the treatment of angina pectoris
Selected references:
Berlin C, Notterman D, Ward R. Alternative Routes of Drug Administration Advantages and Disadvantages. America Academy Of Pediatrics 1997;100:143-152. aappolicy.aappublications.org
FDA CDER Data Standards Manual. 1 June 2006. www.fda.gov
Copyright © 2011 Natural Standard (
The information in this monograph is intended for informational purposes only, and is meant to help users better understand health concerns. Information is based on review of scientific research data, historical practice patterns, and clinical experience. This information should not be interpreted as specific medical advice. Users should consult with a qualified healthcare provider for specific questions regarding therapies, diagnosis and/or health conditions, prior to making therapeutic decisions.
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Your student—and what you invest in him or her—is important to you.
We understand parents have a lot of questions when it comes to students' education, so we've gathered all the information you will need as a parent of a future or current student.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I ensure my student has the necessary paperwork for his or her application?
It is important that your student take the responsibility for completing his or her application and getting documents to the Offices of Admission. However, as a parent you can encourage your student to apply early and work with his or her guidance counselor to ensure admission documents are being sent in a timely manner.
I am a UB alumnus/a. How can I refer a potential student?
That's wonderful! We're so glad you're interested in referring a potential student. The best way to recommend a student is to fill out this form. We'll let the student know you recommended him or her and we'll offer an application fee waiver.
Campus Life
How large is UB's incoming class?
UB typically brings in a freshman class of 300-350 new students each year, plus around 800 transfer students.
Does UB offer student housing or have meal plans?
UB does not have traditional student housing or meal plans but does offer options for incoming students. UB works very closely with apartments in the area as well as a student-only housing facility one block from campus. Visit UB Housing for more information.
Additionally, there are many restaurants and eateries within walking distance of campus. Students and their parents/family members can put money on their campus Bee Card, which can be used at the on-campus cafe and convenience store as well as some off-campus eateries. Please note that you will need your student's ID number to add money to his or her Bee Card.
What types of support services does UB offer?
From academic advising to career planning, UB can help students every step of the way. Support is also available if a student needs tutoring, health services or disability accommodations. These links can give you more information:
Achievement and Learning Center
Career and Internship Center
Office of Disability and Access Services
Counseling Center
Freshman Advising
Recreation and Wellness
Veterans Center
How does UB ensure my student adjusts to college once he or she arrives?
In addition to support services, UB's curriculum offers seminar classes that help orient students to university life and study. Your student's academic adviser is available to assist in class scheduling and understanding UB's degree programs. Also, UB has a robust student activities component that allows your student to get involved and meet fellow students.
How much time will my student spend in class and/or studying?
Students typically spend about three hours in each class per week. Generally, students can expect to spend three hours for every hour spent in class studying and working on assignments outside of class. The amount of time will depend on the class and your student's strengths.
What are the dates for the semesters and breaks?
Check UB's academic calendar for the most up-to-date information.
How much does UB cost?
These links should give you more information about financing a UB education:
Tuition and Fees
Cost of Attendance
Financial Aid
What types of financial aid and scholarships are available to my student?
Grants, scholarships, loans and work-study opportunities are various ways your student may be able to achieve his or her educational goals. Our Office of Financial Aid has detailed information on how to apply for financial aid, as well as resources like budgeting tools.
Prospective undergraduate students, including freshmen and transfer students, can fill out this form to receive an estimated merit award amount. Additional information on the various types of scholarships that are available can be found here.
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The Series
Star Gazers is the world's only weekly television series on naked eye astronomy. Each weekly episode features selected objects for naked eye viewing during the following week.
There are two versions of "Star Gazers", a five-minute episode and a condensed one-minute episode. Please contact your local PBS station if it is not currently carrying Star Gazers.
Watch Star Gazers episodes or read the transcripts on the Episodes page.
Visit About the Program to learn more about the series and our co-hosts.
Check out other naked eye astronomy websites listed on our Links page.
Get DVDs, hats and t-shirts in the Star Gazers Store.
Use our Contact Us page to send an email message with your questions or comments.
|© 2019 Community Television Foundation of South Florida, Inc. All rights reserved.


text: What's good ya'll? DR.B, I'm the guy representing all forms and styles of DJing. Since 1981 at my first gig, a basement party for my guy at Milwaukee Tech High School, I've had a love and respect for Old School Funk and Rap music. But my family taught me to respect all music, so I got into The Temptations and Ray Charles for Blues and Doowop. Queen, The Police, and Yes for Rock to sprinkle over my Parliament Funkadelic, Sugarhill Gang, Kurtis Blow, and Run DMC records. Fast forward to 2006 -- That same respect is applied. I've won battles in mixing and scratching from LA to Milwaukee to Atlantic City. Along the way I've gained DJ knowledge from my hero Grand Master Flash and scratch masters Jazzy Jeff and Q-Bert, to your local tavern DJ on 2 CD players, to the wedding DJ who knows how to get your grandma on the floor with his vocal and people skills. The result is a humble but awesome force on the 1's and 2's ¦ THE MIDWEST MIXER DR.B.


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Reviewed by Jordan F. (age 9)
Two of my favorite characters are Nauseated Nectarines and Objecting Oranges. Oranges are my favorite fruit. The Objecting Oranges are funny because the oranges are getting turned from oranges to orange juice.
One part is sad because the Cabbage is Crying over Coleslaw. The coleslaw is his friend that?s dead. The Dills Debate their Destiny which is to go in a jar and then into a mouth. Garlic is good, because when you gobble garlic the Garlic Gobbles Germs.
When you get this book you will want to keep it forever! If you like funny things, go to your library and get this book!


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|February 10, 2019
New years resolutions stalled? Try these tips from local Naturopathic Doctors.
On Good Morning New Hampshire on 107.7 The Pulse & 107.3 WEMJ, Pat Kelly welcomes Greg Lessard of the Concord Food Coop in Concord, along with Dr. Amanda Hegnaur and Dr. Pamela Herring, both Naturopathic doctors practicing locally.
|August 31, 2017
The Kojo Nnamdi Show presents:
Understanding Naturopathic Medicine: Understanding Washington's Curiosities and Concerns
Interview with AANP Member Andrea Sullivan, PhD, ND and Theresa Stone, MD
|Fall 2013
U.S. Senate Votes for Observance of Naturopathic Medicine Week - From the show: The Dr. Holly Lucille Show Alternative medicine often gets the short end of the stick when it comes to recognition. But a new initiative passed by the U.S. Senate may change that. The Senate unanimously passed a resolution designating October 7 – October 13 as Naturopathic Medicine Week. The resolution recognizes the value of naturopathic medicine in providing safe, effective and affordable health care. Special guest, Jud Richland, CEO of the American Association of Naturopathic Physicians, joins Dr. Holly to discuss what this means for all Americans. Jud will also speak about the role of naturopathic physicians in preventing chronic and debilitating conditions.
|Radio Archive
|Spring 2013
DR GRAVES, WE HAVE YOUR DISEASE, a radio play by Dr. Heather Herington, is an engaging and edifying excursion into autoimmune hyperthyroidism examining its generally neglected emotional components through historical and fictional characters dating from the 1800s. Have a listen and we assure you that these 21 minutes will leave you refreshed and motivated to take on your share of healing this complex disorder.
Dr. Lindsay Jones-Born on CBS Radio
|August 17, 2012
Living Room - August 17, 2012 at 12:00pm
Click here to download
June 5, 2012
Dr. Tori Hudson discusses the optimal diet for breast cancer survivors with Dr. Lise Alschuler.
|May 23, 2012
Karolyn Gazella interviews Dr. Michael Murray about stress and cancer and he discusses natural stress relievers.
|May 18, 2012 - Five to Thrive Live! with Lise Alschuler, ND, FABNO
Dr. Lise Alschuler interviews Dr. Jaclyn Chasse about the fascinating topic of epigenetics. They also discuss conception issues associated with cancer treatment.
|May 1, 2012 - Five to Thrive Live! with Lise Alschuler, ND, FABNO
In this show featuring cancer expert Dr. Dan Rubin, the topic of naturopathic oncology and integrative cancer treatment is discussed in detail.
|April 30, 2012 - Five to Thrive Live! with Lise Alschuler, ND, FABNO
In their inaugural show, hosts Dr. Lise Alschuler and Karolyn Gazella explain the Five to Thrive plan and dig into the complex and important topic of epigenetics.


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That's right, I am crawling back to blog about important happenings this week in Australia.
It's National Science Week.
It seems I've missed out on alerting you to vote for your favourite Aussie scientist for the Eureka prize (I would have been supporting Evans and Smith for proving the intellectual and communicative exploits of chickens).
But it is not too late to start voting for your favourite new Aussie species discovered this past year. Given that this year's theme is biodiversity it's a pretty appropriate poll.
Place your vote here.
Nominees are:
- Opera House Barnacle (Calantica darwinii)
- Kimberly Froglet (Crinia fimbriata)
- Sea Spider (Paranymphon bifilarium)
- Steve Irwin's Tree Snail (Crikey stevirwini – I kid not!)
- Spinifex Ant (Camponotus triodiae)
- Pink Handfish (Brachiopsilus dianthus)
- Cape York Amber Fly (fossilized) (Chaetogonopteron bethnorrisae)
- Bacchus Marsh Wattle (Acacia rostriformis)
- The Bandalup Buttercup (Hibbertia abyssa)
- Truffle-like Mushroom (Cribbea turbinispora)
More new species and biodiversity stuff at the bushblitz website including a free teacher booklet (just in case your school somehow missed out, or your from another country).


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The lead actor categories at the Tony Awards saw a pair of upsets, with James Corden of "One Man, Two Guvnors" and Steve Kazee of "Once" taking home the prizes.
Corden won for lead actor in a play for the British comedy import "One Man, Two Guvnors," beating out Philip Seymour Hoffman for "Death of a Salesman." Hoffman had been considered by many industry watchers as the favorite to win for his portrayal of Willy Loman in the revival of the Arthur Miller classic.
Critics have praised Corden's comic performance in the play, which is by Richard Bean. The comedy, which is an adaptation of the 18th century Italian play "Servant of Two Masters," ran at the National Theatre in London, with Corden in the lead role, before opening on Broadway at the Music Box Theatre.
The other nominees in the category were James Earl Jones in "Gore Vidal's The Best Man," Frank Langella in "Man and Boy" and John Lithgow in "The Columnist." Last year's winner in the category was Mark Rylance in "Jerusalem."
Kazee took home the Tony for lead actor in a musical for his performance in "Once." The actor plays one half of a romantic pair in the show adapted from the 2006 movie of the same name. Jeremy Jordan had been a favorite to win the award for his performance in the Disney musical "Newsies."
The other nominees in the category were Danny Burstein and Ron Raines for "Follies," and Norm Lewis for "The Gershwins' Porgy and Bess."


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The Atheists Interviews - Mike Burns of Fox Valley Thinker
John: The first thing I'd like you talk about a little is this thing of you having a degree in engineering. One of the interesting statistical facts is that those with engineering degrees are somewhat less likely than those in other sciences such as biology, genetics and physics to be atheists. Indeed, you personally didn't come to a strictly atheistic outlook until your mid-forties. What is it about "engineering"?
Mike: The fields of biology, genetics, and physics place the practitioner directly into the areas that are in conflict with the truth-claims of many religions. This, I would imagine, forces those scientists to either reconcile those conflicts or abandon one of the two explanations. An engineer is not a 'pure' scientist like those studying molecular biology or sub-atomic physics. We are rather removed from that level as we contemplate things like the load bearing capacity of a beam or how to store information in a magnetic media. The bible/Koran/torah doesn't generally come into conflict in matters such as these. Still, I love all the sciences . . . and physics is one of the most valuable things that I have studied. There are probably many similarities between the 'pure' scientist's mode of thinking and the engineer's mode of thinking; the former just confront the big questions more directly.
An interesting statistic shows that 74% of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences is specifically atheistic. Fully 93% do not believe in a personal god (one who answers prayers or interacts with our world). When one really looks for answers to the big questions (as those in the sciences do), you come to realize that the supernatural explanations for things are unsupported and that there are, almost always, natural explanations.
I cannot say for sure, but I have to imagine that the vast majority of human-kind has no interest in doing the arduous, rigorous research that the scientists do for a living. That does not mean that the human animal does not want answers to the big questions. I contend that we, as a species, will always put an explanation to virtually everything whether we have genuine knowledge about it or not. Prior to an enhanced understanding of our solar system, some used to think that the sun was a flaming chariot being pulled across the sky (we almost always invented an anthropomorphic being for these things). Now that we have real understanding and it was disseminated to the population, most people understand that earth is orbiting a large ball of boiling gas. It is that dissemination of knowledge that needs to occur on other natural explanations of our world.
John: I think I read on your blog about the birth of your son and your mother's horror, when you were still more of an agnostic, at the thought of her unbaptized grandchild. Apparently she actually got you to examine your faith at that time and it actually had kind of the opposite effect she had hoped for. How is she doing with all of it now that she (in part) has actually led to the problem being worse, from her perspective?
Mike: My mother is not yet fully aware of my position. She does know that I have serious problems with Christian dogma and Catholic dogma. With regards to her grandchild, she is doing better, since the Pope decided that the concept of limbo (where the unbaptized go) was a boo-boo and that the unbaptized are eligible to get to heaven. If you are not familiar with the concept of 'infallibility' within the Catholic church; it means that *whatever* pope says is absolutely true because he got his information directly from God. One of the recent popes was a little uncomfortable with this and modified it to say he should be treated as if he were infallible. Of course this is no consolation to all the parents of deceased, unbaptized children who thought their babies were languishing in this isolated no-where-land. I just makes me more angry with the church that the pope can say "Ooops! My bad. We just made that shit up." and that the cult-members will respond with "Thank you your holiness". Another story made up by the popemeister is the ascension of Mary. There were stories floating around about what happened to Mary when she died. One of them was that she ascended bodily into heaven, but it was just one version of the folklore. The pope sits down and ponders and thinks his thoughts and decides that, yes, Mary did ascend bodily into heaven . . . and hence is born a new Catholic 'fact'.
John: What do you say to your child about god, the beliefs of others and how you view our life in the universe?
Mike: I tell him everything that I know when I get a chance to get into the incredibly perplexing teenage brain. I took him to the World Trade Center site and talked about the role that religion played. I talk of the role that religion has played throughout history; both good and bad. Many of our good friends and neighbors are devout Christians. I tell him that everyone is our friend unless they prove otherwise. I certainly have my biases, but I certainly don't tell him that he is an atheist or must be an atheist.
John: You talked about reading Dawkins "The God Delusion" and other books and authors. A frequent criticism of him (as well as Harris, Dennett, Hitchens, etc) is that they are arrogant, overbearing, condescending, dogmatic in their own way. It seems obvious that this is not what you took from it. It's also said that all they do is "preach to the choir". You may have already been fairly certain that you didn't buy into all of the dogma of Catholicism, but you were hardly a Dawkins choir boy. Is this approach to free thinking (espoused by Dawkins, et al) the best way to bring others over to rationality?
Mike: I don't recall criticism of Dennett putting him in league with Dawkins, Harris and Hitchens. I greatly admired Dennett's book [Breaking the Spell] in that he merely framed and forwarded arguments that, to my mind, had virtually inescapable conclusions. Most certainly, there is a sizable segment of the theistic population that does take great offense to even the most casual questioning of faith. This, I feel, is why many theists consider these authors so rabid. Indeed, there are some very unflattering things said by some of these authors (with regards to religion), but the level of rhetoric in criticizing them often outstrips the authors criticisms.
One common criticism is that these authors don't appreciate the nuance of the critics brand of religion. But this is a red herring. While these authors are much more scholarly than most (with regards to religion), the criticism of nuance has nothing to do with their arguments. The authors posit that religions are merely mythology. The critics, instead of demonstrating that their religion is NOT mythology, take the tack of (effectively) saying my mythology is better than the other guy's mythology. The authors (and I) maintain that decisions and public policy are much better when based on real knowledge instead of mythology.
I do think that they are 'preaching to the choir', but the choir is much larger than most realize. I would not expect that a Jerry Falwell-type theist would pick up 'The God Delusion' and turn into an atheist. Even a less devout theist would not just 'POOF' become an atheist. I have a casual understanding of brain physiology and an appreciation for its complexity and malleability. The brain becomes what we need it to be but it can be persistent in holding onto old information. I consider it nearly impossible that someone firmly in the theistic camp could, in the span of one book, become an atheist. When you spend your life surrounded by people who believe in the [regionally prevailing] religious stories, your brain is literally 'wired' to accept and these stories. It took me decades to really formally move from my weak theistic position to atheism. But, as a demonstration of brain physiology, even today, my brain tells me that Jesus' resurrection is more plausible than Mohammed flying to heaven on a winged horse. . . even though I know both are equally improbable! It takes time and great effort to overcome inculcated beliefs.
As far as "the best way to bring others over to rationality" . . . I suppose there are different techniques for different audiences. The authors mentioned speak to the audience of closeted skeptics like me. For me, Dawkins hit a home run and I will remember his book as an epiphany in my life; allowing me to realize that my concerns with regard to religion were well founded. The fact that they sell so well, speaks to the fact that the audience is large. I honestly don't know how to reach the deeply inculcated. I like to think that the growing visibility of skeptics will force more and more theists to question their position.
John: I think your point about how the mind works, and your personal example of finding the resurrection of Jesus to be less fantastic than Mohammed flying to heaven on a winged horse, to be very interesting. So, let me ask - what if we toss in Jesus' ascension to heaven? I am pushing this a little because, for me, I see absolutely no difference. Maybe it's just that I've been an ardent atheist for so many years that all mythology sounds very much the same to me. The only difference I can appreciate is that there are some mythologies that many people currently believe and others that you don't really need to argue about. Worshippers of Horus are fairly hard to find.
Mike: It is rather hard to describe, and maybe I didn't do a very good job of it earlier. My point was that the brain wires itself (literally wires itself) based on information that it is exposed to. After years of hearing and accepting the story of Jesus' resurrection and being told it was truth, my brain seems to have wired a region of the brain so that I don't recoil from the absurdity of it. Throw a new mythological story at my brain (Mohammed's horse) and I, like you, recoil at the silliness of it. I know full well they are equivalent impossibilities, but through inculcation, my brain has developed (and maintains) a tolerance for the Christian narrative. In no way am I saying that I give Christianity any more credence than Islam or any other religion. I merely make the point to illustrate the amazing complexity of the human brain.
Sam Harris said something that well illustrates the same thing. [I paraphrase] "Which is more ridiculous? 1) God speaks to George Bush and tells him to conduct this war. . . or 2) God speaks to George Bush through his hair dryer and tells him to conduct this war." Familiarity with the Christian narrative makes the first statement seem more reasonable even when it is not. The introduction of a completely insignificant detail (the hair dryer) in the second statement makes it seem ridiculous . . . probably even to many devout theists. The brain is a wondrous thing but is capable of tremendous bias and warped interpretation. One thing that people should recognize is their minds are not the perfectly reliable, trustworthy things that most would like to believe. The utter certainty that some feel in their faith is merely what the brain has been trained to do.
John: Philosophically, do you now follow in the style of these authors when talking to people or writing in your blog, or do you take a less aggressive posture?
Mike: I have a couple of points on this. I have noticed that Dawkins is more aggressive in his book, but is more pragmatic in interviews and debates. [Christopher] Hitchens is unbelievably caustic in debates and interviews, while his book was more tame. I must give Hitchens credit though. I have never seen anyone so consistently destroy his opponents in debates. He is a freaking razor blade. He is also rude and doesn't follow rules, but he is a debate machine! I have heard him described as the best justification for two martini lunches (he is apparently a heavy drinker).
I recently read a piece by Michael Shermer from Skeptic Magazine and eSkeptic.com that, at least in part, fits my position. In it, he said that anti-anything always fails. My feeling is that simply lambasting the theists for their wrong-doings or religious ills will, for the most part, only make people angry. An important part of my position is to demonstrate that there are other naturalistic explanations for our world. I have to imagine that there are a lot of people who don't realize that there are other plausible explanations for things. This can be difficult as it often requires that some science education be included. In a nutshell, I am more pro-knowledge than anti-theistic.
All that being said; I cannot help but get pretty in-your-face when someone offers patently ridiculous arguments. If you read my essay on the "milk miracle" on my blog, that was one of those cases.
John: Speaking of Michael Shermer, I have a very ambiguous feeling about his style. I really like the guy, and I say to myself that I like his way of discussing issues of skepticism much better than I like Dawkins, yet I find myself more drawn to Dawkins writing. It's ironic, because I would rather emulate Shermer. Is there perhaps a little arrogance in us that enjoys sticking it to the theist?
Mike: I am not broadly familiar with everything that [Shermer] has said on the topic of religion, but I greatly enjoyed what I have read and seen. For instance his "Skepticism 101" video on www.skeptic.com is inspired. It clearly demonstrates what the mind is capable of just as I mentioned in your previous question. Things like this video fall into the 'pro-knowledge' area that can probably do more good than the anti-theism. He has also written on empirical studies that intercessory prayer has no effect. I often do as he does and offer the facts (knowledge) that shows proto-ethics in other species, prayer having no effect, less religious societies having fewer societal ills, atheists being grossly underrepresented in prisons, etc. I offer this to give others knowledge. Do I emulate him? I don't know his work well enough to say so.
John: Did you find any particular aspect of atheism to be repugnant or problematic to you as you contemplated "coming out" and declaring yourself to be an atheist?
Mike: Not at all. First of all, atheism (in its strictest sense) defines nothing of a person's worldview. It merely says that the person is not-theistic. If we were speaking of hair colors it would be like saying that someone's hair is not brown. It doesn't say anything as to the person's actual hair color. Growing up, the Catholic interpretation of an atheist was that they were cloven-hoofed with serpents crawling from their mouths. Very little rigorous, empirical research has been done specifically on atheists and their role in society, but there is some. Unfortunately for the theistic camp, it is all quite flattering to the atheist in virtually every aspect (racism, intelligence, education, tolerance and more). One study I read from a Canadian university only showed 'charitable giving' as an area that theists lagged behind . . . but calculating how church monies get divvied up between proselytizing and social services even makes that cloudy. I am proud to be in the company of clear thinkers.
John: I'm certainly proud to have people like you on our side! As to this problem of charitable giving, a couple of things: Isn't it likely that the community function of a religious group would tend to encourage this? We have to be honest and say that this is one positive from religion. But, again, it's a bit superfluous if we can do the same through a secular community. Is it possible that as we create more secular communities (like the on-line one that is growing) that those communities will ask members to do things in the public interest and that, many times, that's all any human being needs - a little direction in an area that's tough to navigate, if you have to figure out on your own where and when to contribute?
Mike: I would tend to agree that the aspect of community is a genuine positive of religion (of course that community is too often intolerant of other communities). I don't think the on-line community could ever be an analog for this type of interaction though. I have the very great fortune to live in a small, historic residential community . . . an actual community. The neighbors converse, watch out for each other and their children, have barbeques together, have philosophical discussions and more. Having moved here from just 10 blocks away (where very little of this interaction occurred), I am stunned by how enriching and satisfying a real community can be. Just thinking aloud . . . I wonder if the decades-long trend of sprawl (placing homes further apart, homeowners driving into their attached garages and disappearing until the morning commute) has had an inadvertent isolating effect that makes them seek out other 'community'. It would seem to me that real 'community' is a bit of an endangered thing in today's society. I actually looked into the local Unitarian Universalist church here as they don't follow any dogma, and accept atheists and theists into their ranks. While I laud the organization, I found that to be too 'spiritual' for my liking.
All that being said; there really isn't an atheist community of the type that religion offers. After all, the religious community is motivated by the worship of [a] god. The atheist is motivated by everything but the worship of a god; hardly a unifying interest. Possibly the single greatest factor uniting atheists would be political activism in support of church-state separation; but that is by no means universal. The likelihood of real atheist communities forming would be helped if so many of our ranks were not closeted.
John: You mentioned to me in an aside that the blogging with the Fox Valley Thinker has been going a little slow lately. Any future plans for the blog, or in other areas, that you'd like to announce?
Mike: It goes in fits and starts. It is quite cathartic to write about these things and it helps me really analyze my position. Even if nobody reads it, it is helpful for me. I have no grand plan for the blog, but I would like to figure out how to conduct an anonymous survey of our lawmakers in Washington asking about their religiosity. I feel that a lot more would admit their non-theism if they knew it was anonymous.