A Prospective observational study was carried out for the period of six months in inpatient Objective: To study the antidiabetic drug utilization pattern in hospitalized patient with type II diabetes mellitus with or without complications. Results: A total of 200 patients were chosen for the study, 54% of the patients were males and 46% of the patients were females. Most of the patients were in the age group of 51-65 years (49.5%). The major co morbidities identified were 76 patients (38%) with cardiac complications, followed by 41 (20.5%) patients had other concurrent illness & 25 (12.5%) had nephritic complications. Antidiabetic drugs accounted for 338 of the total drugs prescribed. Among the antidiabetic, Insulin was prescribed in 159 patients, accounted for 47.04%, followed by Biguanides (Metformin) were prescribed in 114 patients, accounted for 33.73%, Sulfonylureas were prescribed in 60 patients, accounted for 17.75%, , α- Glucosidase Inhibitor were prescribed in 02 (0.591%) patients and Meglitinide were prescribed in 03 (0.888%) patients. Antibiotics were widely used 170 (25.56%) of all prescribed drugs (n=665) followed by PPI/H 2 RA in 139 (20.90%) prescriptions. Conclusion: The prescribing pattern of drugs should be based on severity of disease condition, associated co morbid conditions and currently available evidences. The prescribing trend has been monotherapy with insulin followed by antidiabetic drugs in the form of Insulin and Metformin Combination.


It has been a trend that with the development of the Internet and multimedia technology,the reform of college English teaching has quickened its steps and the traditional teaching mode is gradually being replaced by the Internet-based and computer-aided multimedia teaching mode.As a new Internet-based cooperative and communicative media,micro-blogging helps to build an open space for writing,provides real situations for writing practice,and improves both cooperativeness and independence in writing,with the purpose of enhancing college English teaching for writing as well as students'writing proficiency.


A method of separating individual straps from a continuous strap web including a continuous base web having a generally uniform thickness and an upper surface, wherein the strap web extending along a length direction, and a plurality of superposed elements which are fixed to the upper surface of the base sheet and along the base sheet spaced apart in the length direction with a uniform pitch, each superposed element having a leading edge which extends over the upper surface of the base sheet, said method comprising: Feeding the strap web along the surface of a rotating vacuum cylinder; Cutting said strap web in units of predetermined length with a rotating cutting cylinder with at least one extending from a cylindrical surface of the cutting cylinder to the outside blade wherein a cutting edge of the blade in cooperation with the vacuum cylinder causes a section when the cutting cylinder and the vacuum cylinder are rotated wherein each section of the strap web defines the start of a cutting cycle, wherein the ...


The recent liquidity crisis in the global hotel sector makes valuation more critical than ever, as a two-year scarcity in transactions and reduced prices have challenged hotel valuation methodology in certain markets. Chinese owners and sponsors of new projects should have all the tools at their disposal to negotiate successful transactions at reasonable valuations. Access to information makes buy-sell transactions more efficient and often rewards the sellers with higher valuations if they can make a persuasive case. One effective valuation approach is a discounted cash flow model, with particular attention paid to the risk premium. The Chinese hotel sector has evolved into segments, divided according to geography and according to service offerings. Sellers must accurately interpret scarce data and be innovative in their application of capitalization rates and comparable transactions from similar markets, both within the Asia Pacific region and in other emerging markets at similar stages of development.


The genetic probe labeled with positron emitter for monitoring tumor cells transfacted by herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene has been intensively studied. A useful synthetic methodology was...


This article aims to demonstrate the existence of new solutions for the vector quasi-equilibrium problems. Firstly we prove the existence of the equilibrium for the generalized abstract economy model under upper semicontinuity assumptions. By using these results, we solve the announced problem in case of multivalued trifunctions. Secondly, we consider the generalized strong vector quasi-equilibrium problem and prove the existence of its solutions in case of correspondences being weakly naturally quasi-concave or weakly biconvex and also in case of weak-continuity assumptions. In all situations, our theoretical analysis is based on fixed-point theorems. Our study indicates that the refinement of the hypotheses concerning the equilibrium problems plays an important role in the developing of this theory and it improves, by its novelty, the existent results obtained so far in literature.


Instructional design is used to design and carry out effective learning processes, based on the dynamics of human learning. So, what we know about learning is very important. The chapter aims to reveal the position of a concept closely related to learning in instructional design. The concept of motivation is too comprehensive and complex to be limited to the learning domain. With a broad perspective, it can be defined as the willingness of human to life and everything in life. Motivation is also closely related to many important elements such as energy, effort, desire, interest, goal, satisfaction, continuity. And these concepts are actually items related to learning and instructional design. However, effective and efficient learning will take place with motivated learners and other parameters realized. The fact that motivation is such a widespread component of life, especially having a critical role in the teaching process, made the authors question its place in the teaching design process.


In recent years more and more attention has been paid to that strange group of Christian sectarians in northwestern United States and Canada, called the Hutterites, who are living there on great farm colonies in complete community of goods, and who are healthy, economically successful, and increasing in number in spite of a rigid austerity. The amazing thing is that they have been living this kind of life for 425 years, a phenomenon truly unique in social and religious history. Were it not that they emphasize married life, the nearest comparison of their communities would be with monasteries where similar principles of organized communal living prevail. However, the difference in spirit and motivation is too great to allow any further comparison.2) Social scientists have tried to study and understand these people, interpreting them sociologically, economically, and genetically. But it is obvious that they all have missed the central point, the deep Christian foundation upon which the Hutterites have built and still continue to derive their strength and courage. Only by a thorough study of the rich Hutterite manuscript literature of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries can we discover the underlying principles which motivated these people in the first place and made possible a survival through all these centuries. This paper is an attempt to make just such an interpretation. But before we can enter upon it, two points must be discussed: first, a brief outline of the history of the brethren, which in itself is a subject of great interest; and, second, a description of the pattern of such communal life, both of four hundred years ago and of today. The great movement of the evangelical Anabaptists of the sixteenth century was by no means uniform in character. Three distinct groups developed which may be distinguished as follows: (1) the Swiss Brethren, since 1525, led by Conrad Grebel, Felix Manz, and Jörg Blaurock, whose


This paper considers the process of organising semantic information in bilingual dictionaries with diachronic coverage, from selecting the textual source-material to designing the entries. The discussion centres on practical aspects of ancient Greek lexicography. First, the traditional semantic frameworks are described. Then, more recent approaches are noted, notably those of Adrados and of Chadwick, both of which aim to integrate contextual data within a semantic framework. Since the relevance of contextual information varies with lemma part of speech, different configurations are required for entries describing nouns, adjectives, and verbs. These are illustrated by three entries from a Greek-English dictionary currently being written at Cambridge. In order to organise data to this level of specificity, stylistic templates are indispensable, and digital software provides a means of providing them. However, systems designed for writing new dictionaries require different features from those designed for encoding pre-existing texts. A description is given of how the lexicographic requirements of the Cambridge dictionary were met by a user-designed system. 1 2 1. Background: types of information in the dictionary entry A bilingual dictionary presents three kinds of information: on form, meaning and context. Form includes spelling, dialectal variants, accentuation and quantities, and inflections. Meaning includes translations: single-word equivalents of the lemma in the exit language. Context covers both the real-world and the linguistic environments. The presentation of form is not discussed here, though its role in identifying meaning is considered in 1.2.1 below. 2 1.1. Translations and definitions Describing meaning only by a single-word translation is of limited value, because, as theorists like Zgusta (1984) have pointed out, equivalence is asymmetric: word meaning cannot always be precisely rendered by a matching word in another language. Consequently, a number of alternative translations are often offered, cumulatively giving an approximation of the meaning. However, it is not enough to give multiple translations. As Adrados (1977b: 261) notes, a dictionary must also provide data to distinguish between those translations. The organisation of the entry may sometimes be enough to show (implicitly) how the senses interrelate, but for many words an explicit description, a definition, is also helpful. This serves a similar function in a bilingual dictionary as it does in a monolingual one: that is, by giving a paraphrase of the sense. A definition may be given for each of the senses of a polysemous word, or, as Chadwick (1996: 21) advocated, each entry may have only one definition. In either case, it calls upon three kinds of information: word-form, and comparative and textual evidence. 1.2. Establishing meaning: the sources 1.2.1. Word-form. Modern dictionaries are usually less concerned with a word's etymology than 3 its derivation: that is, the transparent combination of morphemes that it contains. 3 A major factor in choosing the wording of definitions is that, as Chadwick (1996: 21 – 23) notes, in all languages 'nearly all words belong to families' and this kinship or 'family resemblance' is crucial to the determination of meaning. In ancient Greek, affixes make a major additional contribution: we may note the resultative force of the -μα suffix, as against -σις denoting action (ποίημα / ποίησις 'product, production', μάθημα / μάθησις 'knowledge, learning'), or the instrumental function of the -τρον suffix (as in ἄροτρον 'ploughing tool, plough', ἀμφίβληστρον 'thing thrown around, net'), the categorical force of -ικός (λαθητικός 'of the kind...'), or the connotations of diminutives, which often carry a value-judgment (as πατρίδιον at Aristophanes, Wasps 986, 'a dear father', or ἱματιδίοις at Lysistrata 470, 'poor old cloaks'). Derivational input provides a semantic starting-place for the entry, and helps to map the relationships with words of the same family. A primary reference work is Buck and Petersen (1944), which gives invaluable information on Greek word formation, though naturally we also benefit from more recent research. 4 1.2.2. Comparative evidence. Derivation is usually of most relevance to the earliest senses. A wider perspective is provided by comparative sources, from bilingual and monolingual dictionaries in other languages. The equivalents in Latin and English can be compared, by consulting works such as the Oxford Latin Dictionary (OLD) and the Oxford English Dictionary (OED), both of which concentrate on semantic patterning. 1.2.3. Usage: textual evidence. The identification of contextual usage takes most of the dictionary-writer's time. First, we have available to us the selection of citations given in existing Greek dictionaries, notably Liddell-Scott-Jones (LSJ), Montanari's Vocabolario della lingua greca (GI), and the Diccionario griego-español (DGE) and the Lexikon des frühgriechischen Epos (LFgrE) now in progress. But, valuable as these dictionaries are, their data and interpretations are 4 only of partial help. Because, as Glare (1987: 17) noted for LSJ, the quotations are too short to confirm meanings, the full textual passages must also be consulted, and, because the citations are also (necessarily) very selective, many other attestations must be examined, to search for further (and especially chronologically-later) meanings. 1.3. Digital access to the texts In ancient Greek, the corpus of extant texts has been almost entirely digitalised, 5 and so dictionarywriters can make automated searches for every word-form. 6 However, Greek was a highly-inflected language, with some lemmas having as many as a thousand forms, and so searching for all of them is still a very time-consuming task. A great advance was made with the development of the Perseus morphological analyser, which makes possible integrated searches for every lemma-form: see Crane (1991). And a further resource has been developed for the Cambridge dictionary: because we can predict every word-search that we will eventually want to perform, a program was designed to conduct these searches in advance. Our corpus of texts has been entirely pre-searched for each lemma-form, and the results archived in static HTML (Hypertext Mark-up Language) pages. This constitutes a digital archive of lexicographic 'slips', providing the dictionary writers with immediate access to the searches, and also enabling the citations and their contexts to be archived in a generic format that is not tied to any particular operating system or database program. The design is described by Rydberg-Cox (2005) and its lexicographic use is discussed in Fraser (2008). 2. Organising meanings The next task is to organise the results of our observations into a semantic configuration. And here, beyond definition, we come to the central problem of lexicography, that words generally do not have just one meaning, but their senses vary, in several dimensions, constituting what Adrados 5 (1977b: 261) calls a diasystem. The variables may be summarised as chronology, frequency, and context (both extraand intra-linguistic). Remarks on chronology are given below in 2.2.1 and 2.2.2, and on frequency in 2.2.3. The contextual dimension is discussed at length in Section 4. 2.1. Hierarchical organisation of senses The distribution of the meanings will be reflected in the structures of dictionary entries, which are consequently organised, not as a list, but as a hierarchy of sections and subsections, each of which corresponds to a meaning or sub-sense. In large dictionaries (LSJ, OED, DGE) there may be as many as four levels: overarching Divisions, labelled with capital letters (A, B, C); semantic Branches, with Roman numerals (I, II, II); Sections, with Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3); and Subsections, with lower-case letters (a, b, c). 7 Smaller dictionaries will have a more restricted hierarchy, but the principle is the same. If all levels are defined semantically, their hierarchical organisation should ensure a clear mapping. However, it may be that hierarchy is more important to dictionary-writers than to readers. It provides a framework in which we can compose, but it is largely invisible to the reader: what they see looks more like a list than a tree. 8 And at its heart is a major problem: by what criterion can the top-level sections be put in sequence? 2.2. Criteria for ordering the senses The traditional approaches to ordering the sections are described here, together with some suggested points of contact with modern semantic theory. 2.2.1. Chronological. In Greek and English lexicography of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the most influential method of ordering the senses was to give them in chronological 6 order, in association with examples taken from the literary texts. The first (modern) alphabetic Greek dictionary, and the first dictionary from Greek to a modern language, Schneider (1797 – 1798), was also the first to give extensive citations to exemplify meaning, but these were taken mostly from early epic, and had little historical range. Passow (1831), in his Handwörterbuch der griechischen Sprache, used Schneider's citations as the basis of his own work, but increased the scope of the citations, in order to map what he called the life-story, the Lebensgeschichte, of each word. The same approach was adopted by Liddell and Scott (1843: v – vi), who cite his remark that he had 'found it necessary to go below Homer and beyond Schneider', and who declare that their own plan 'has been that marked out and begun by Passow, viz. to make each article a History of the usage of the word referred to.' However, this approach has a major drawback. For any language, and especially an ancient one, the literary evidence does not provide a complete record, and is not enough to determine the order in which meanings developed. So, in their subsequent editions, Liddell and Sc


Regenerative medicine in stroke involves therapies that induce tissue repair and recovery. This is a distinct approach from reducing stroke damage: restoring blood flow, reducing cell death, or limiting secondary progression of injury. These 3 areas have a very concise or limited focus: restoring blood flow involves lysing or removing clots. Reducing cell death means neuroprotection. Limiting secondary damage involves modulating process of inflammation or delayed apoptosis. In contrast, tissue regeneration after stroke relates to many potential therapeutic targets, such as enhancing angiogenesis, neurogenesis, or gliogenesis; promoting axonal sprouting; stabilizing injured synaptic connections; or modulating excitatory/inhibitory balance in brain circuits. Single molecular targets may promote 1 specific tissue repair process, but clinical success is likely to occur if many of these reparative events are stimulated by 1 therapeutic treatment. This concept has informed the stem cell field in stroke. In experiments with transplantation of stem/progenitor cells in stroke, tissue repair can occur through direct formation of or replacement to neurons or glia, production of growth factors and cytokines, and stimulation of the cellular progenitors that lead to angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and gliogenesis.

Tissue repair and recovery after stroke has been shown with the first wave of studies in the field: the application of the easiest to produce stem or progenitor cells, such as adult progenitor cells (mesenchymal stromal cells, multipotent adult progenitor cells, hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells) or very early neural precursor cells that are differentiated from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). With adult progenitor cells, isolation and expansion of the cells is relatively straightforward and application to stroke has progressed into 2 clinical trial efforts (Athersys, SanBio). The differentiation of ESCs or iPSCs into a very early neural precursor is a default cellular program and can be done with relatively simple methods. As a result, ESC- …


Objective. Determine the parameter deviation of the upper dental midline is considered aesthetically acceptable by patients, and that these values are considered by orthodontists as a guide for the completion of their clinical cases. Material and methods. This descriptive study, prospective, cross-sectional and observational, and whose design is descriptive and transversal. Surveys were administered to patients attending the School of Dentistry at the University of San Martin de Porres between October 3 and November 14, 2011. photo of a woman and a man were recorded, both 26 years presented the LMDS centered with the facial midline, with a Sony Cybershot 8.1 megapixel and 10x optical zoom, both photos were taken in the area of Orthodontics USMP and modified in a hp centrino intel computer using the Microsoft program office picture manager to give an LMDS deviation of 1, 2.3 and 4 mm, obtaining 10 pictures. The CGD and LAS researchers conducted surveys to patients in the dental chair the area of Orthodontics. Results. The average age of respondents was 22.0 +/- 5.4 years. (Table I) and 35.3% were male and 65.7% female. The best photos were perceived photo A woman and man photo B, which show no deviations from the LMDS. The worst were perceived picture C of women and photo A man, who had a deviation of 3 mm. Conclusion. It is possible that these parameters were to not be inside the ideal goals set by the orthodontist at baseline, but are aesthetically well accepted by the public.


Human Adenovirus (HAdV) can cause serious morbidity in immunocompromised patients, in particular in pediatric recipients of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). Progression to disseminated adenoviral disease is associated with a high mortality, despite treatment with antiviral agents such as ribavirin and cidofovir. It has been demonstrated that reconstitution of HAdV-specific T cells is essential to control adenoviral infection after alloSCT. Adoptive transfer of donor-derived HAdV-specific T cells may therefore be a strategy to provide long-term protection from HAdV. In healthy individuals, T cells directed against HAdV are only detected at low frequencies and are predominantly directed to the HAdV hexon protein. Only recently, a number of immunodominant CD8+ and CD4+ epitopes of HAdV hexon have been defined. Since these epitopes are largely conserved between the different HAdV subgroups, T cells specific for these immunodominant epitopes may provide protection from a wide range of adenoviral serotypes. The aim of this study was to develop a method for the generation of combined CD8+ and CD4+ T cell lines with high and well defined specificity for the HAdV hexon protein. We first analyzed the frequencies of HAdV hexon-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells in healthy individuals using sensitive measurement by peptide-MHC tetramers, and intracellular cytokine staining combined with CD154 or peptide-MHC tetramer staining, after stimulation with defined MHC class I peptides, 30-mer peptides containing class II epitopes, or a HAdV hexon protein-spanning pool of overlapping 15-mer peptides (Miltenyi Biotec, Germany). We demonstrated that the frequencies of HAdV hexon-specific T cells were very low in most healthy individuals tested. HAdV hexon-specific CD8+ T cells were detectable in only 3/15 individuals (range 0.16–0.43% of CD8+ T cells), and hexon-specific CD4+ T cells were detected in all individuals with a median of 0.07% (range 0.004–0.38% of CD4+ T cells). The highest frequencies were found after stimulation with the hexon protein-spanning 15-mer peptide pool, indicating activation of both known and unknown epitopes. Kinetic analysis showed highest levels of IFNg production after 4–8 hours of stimulation for HAdV-specific CD8+ T cells, and after 4–48 hours of stimulation for HAdV-specific CD4+ T cells. The phenotype of these HAdV hexon-specific T cells corresponded to an early memory phenotype, CD27+, CD28+, CD62L+, CD45RO+. Despite these low or undetectable frequencies of HAdV-specific T cells, IFNg-based enrichment 4 hours after activation with the HAdV hexon protein-spanning peptide pool resulted in efficient isolation of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells recognizing both known and unknown HAdV hexon epitopes. Following a short culture period of 7 days, the T cell lines consisted of 49–80% CD8+ T cells and 13–15% CD4+ T cells. Restimulation by autologous EBV-LCL loaded with HAdV hexon peptide pool followed by intracellular IFNg staining showed that the frequency of HAdV-specific T cells was increased to 65–95% of CD8+ T cells, and 38–72% of CD4+ T cells. The frequency of HAdV-tetramer-positive cells was increased to 32–76% of CD8+ T cells, indicating that part of HAdV-specific CD8+ T cells recognized known epitopes. After 14 days, the frequency of HAdV-specific T cells had further increased to 89–94% of CD8+ T cells and 61–91% of CD4+ T cells. Starting with only 25x106 donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells, this strategy yielded T cell lines containing 1.3–2.7x106 HAdV-specific combined CD8+ and CD4+ T cells in 14 days. We conclude that we developed a GMP-grade method for the fast generation of highly HAdV-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cell lines from all healthy donors tested, irrespective of HLA-restriction, for the treatment HAdV infection after alloSCT, with very limited risk of graft-versus-host disease.


The objective need in the increase of the role of regional finances at the current stage of market relations in Russia demands systematisation of financial flows in regions of the Russian Federation and an efficient model of financial management at the regional level. Solving of these problems leads to the task of intentional definition of regional financial management based on research of the essence of financial flows as a general object of state financial management. The review of three main scientific concepts of interpretation of the essence, characteristics and functions of finances allows to draw a conclusion that the meaning of finances as an instrument and object of management of socio-economic processes ensures the distributional nature of financial relations by means of regulation of distributional processes it is possible to change the production volume, the economic growth rate and by this to manage economic and social development on the territory. In the system of state financial management, financial flows are the movement of finances as a result of distributional processes accompanied by the formation and utilization of target financial funds, that defines them as process financial flows. The nucleus of process financial flows is formed by budgetary financial flows being an efficient instrument of impact on the economic model in financial relations of all participants of the social process of production. The author treats the regional finances as the finances of the financial relations subjects in the region: the state power authorities of the subject of the Russian Federation, the local authorities, the agents of economic management and the population of the region. Taking into consideration the key position of the regional and local budgets within the finances of regional state power authorities and the regional finances in whole, a hierarchy of levels of management of regional finances comprises the state power authorities of the region of the Russian Federation and the local authorities. The classification of process regional flows as 'internal external' as to the region in general and 'incoming outcoming' as to each participant of financial relations, suggested by the author, sequentially performed identification of the list of regional process financial flows. It lets determine the objective and strategy of their management. As a result management of regional finances is the impact on the internal financial regional flows to increase their volume by means of budgetary financial flows management with splitting up the competences on the levels of regional budgetary system.


Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Erasmus Schneider, PhD, Visiting Scientist. Kenneth H Cowan, MD, PhD, Chief, Medical Breast Cancer Section. Reprints: Dr E Schneider. M ore than a million new cancer patients are diagnosed each year. Of these, about half present with local disease that can be treated by surgery or radiation therapy, while the rest are treated with systemic chemotherapy. Unfortunately, only about 10% of those treated with systemic chemotherapy are curable. While many tumours treated with chemotherapy initially show some regression, relapses almost inevitably occur, and are much less responsive to chemotherapy. Many other cancers, including melanoma, colon cancers and non-small-cell lung cancer, are intrinsically resistant to chemotherapy. The apparent lack of success after 40 years of clinical chemotherapy has led to concerted efforts to study and dissect the mechanisms of drug resistance. Some mechanisms result in specific resistance to a single class of cytotoxic agents. Other mechanisms result in broad spectrum resistance to many different classes of agents. This is referred to as multidrug resistance (MDR). Many different types and mechanisms of MDR have been identified. Multidrug resistant cells, though originally exposed to only one drug, are characterised by cross-resistance to a number of other drugs. Although chemically unrelated, these drugs generally are relatively hydrophobic and many of them are also positively charged at neutral pH. The most widely studied mechanism of MDR involves the presence in cell membranes of a drug efflux pump, P-glycoprotein and/or related proteins, which are the focus of this article. Several comprehensive reviews on this subject have been published recently and are recommended for more detailed lntorrnatlon."> P-glycoprotein mediated multidrug resistance


As part of the publicly funded CoolEV research project, the Faculty of Mobility and Technology (MT) at Esslingen University of Applied Sciences is developing, among other things, a new type of charging interface that will enable fast charging and simultaneous cooling of electric vehicles. The aim of such a charging interface is to enable vehicle users to achieve charging times that are comparable to the time of a conventional refueling process, especially on long-distance journeys. This paper aims to answer the question of whether such an interface is usable for all vehicle customers from an ergonomic point of view and also increases the user's utility value.


The paper presents the configuration,software and hardware characteristics of HPCS3000 DCS in flue gas desulphurization system for coal-fired power units and the improvement of protection and logics system,also points out application problems and matters need attention of HPCS3000 to strengthen system safety and stability.


The paper looks into the reasons for the impressive development of microbrewery in Greece the decade of 2010's. It was constructed through using a questionnaire to microbreweries in Greece based on six hypotheses related to the existing literature on microbreweries and to the particularities of Greece. A distinction between microbreweries on the Greek islands and continental Greece was maintained in order to obtain more precise results. In the first set of hypotheses our findings are quite close to that found in the literature. This set is comprised of three main hypotheses, which are: firstly, that social media and the internet have an important role; secondly, that microbrewers adopt an argument different to the big brewery industry; thirdly, that localism has an important place in the policy. The second set of hypotheses has not been discussed in the previous literature; these hypotheses examine the role of the unemployment and the public financial help on the creation of this craft industry and the tourism effect on the development of microbreweries. Contrary to what was expected, unemployment and the search for work were not reasons to create microbreweries; microbreweries received financial help but it was not the main reason to invest; tourism had a crucial role in the development of microbreweries, particularly in those on the islands and on continental Greece near to the coast.


A study undertaken by the King's Centre for Military Health Research had similar findings to those reported by Howerton et al.1 The study investigated the help seeking paths of young men (n=74) leaving Colchester Military Corrective Training Centre, colloquially known as the "military prison." Young veterans found it difficult to access available resettlement services for a variety of reasons …


This paper proposes a novel crosstalk analysis model applicable to closed ring-based optical network-on-chip. In order to show how this model is used, an example of analyzing crosstalk noise and SNR in a generic closed ring-based ONoC is studied.


Abstract Seepage from open channels is a major source of water loss across all irrigation districts in Australia. Pondage tests are acknowledged as the best direct method for seepage measurement, and the recorded water-level data from automated systems during periods of gate closure can be treated as pondage test data. A computer model that applies pondage test methodology to automated channel control data during periods of shut down in order to estimate seepage rates in different channel reaches was developed recently by the authors. They also applied the model to the total channel control (TCC) data for the entire Coleambally Irrigation Area (CIA) during 2009–2012, and seepage rates for each depth gauge, pondage and pool were estimated. In this paper, the estimated seepage rates from the channel automation data are used to (i) estimate likely seepage rates under operational conditions and (ii) estimate total annual volumes of seepage loss. Comparison with seepage estimates from previous seepage studies in the CIA showed reasonable agreement between estimated seepage rates from channel automation data and the estimates from previous studies. Importantly, the TCC data identified a number of channels with high seepage rates that were not identified in the previous seepage surveys.


The dependence of the 13C-NMR resonances on the pH of solutions is determined for reduced and oxidized glutathione and for the model substances glutamine, cysteine and acetylglycine by pulse Fourier transform (PFT) 13C-NMR spectroscopy.

The 1H-noise decoupled 22.63 MHz PFT 13C-NMR spectra of 0.1–0.3 M aqueous solutions were measured on a Bruker HFX-90 multinuclear spectrometer with an 18" magnet and equipped with a Fabritek 1074 and a PDP-8-I computer for accumulating the pulse interferograms and for performing their Fourier transformations.

The pH induced variations of charge densities on the various carbon atoms of these molecules can be selectively observed. The pK and pI values obtained by these 13C-NMR investigations often agree very well with the electrometric and photometric determinations. However, large deviations from classical values are found for other dissociation equilibria.

For glutamine we obtained the pK values 2.1 (COOH) and 9.1 (NH3+) and an isoelectric point at 5.65. The pH induced shifts are particularly large for the ammonium dissociations. The titration of cysteine from pH 7 to pH 11 gives total shifts on the Cα of 4.1 ppm, on the β of 6.10 ppm and on the carboxylic carbon of 10 ppm with two macroscopic pK-values at pH 8.25 and 10.25 corresponding to the ammonium and thiol dissociations. The curves show that cysteine exhibits mixed dissociation equilibria as reported previously. However a comparison of the results of the 13C-NMR measurements on reduced and oxidized glutathione indicates the thiol dissociation in oxidized glutathione to be largely independent of the ammonium dissociation at the glutamic acid residue and a pK-value of 9.2 for the thiol dissociation is found.

Whereas the usual titrimetric methods register the macroscopic behaviour, e.g. an increase of the proton concentration. 13C-NMR spectroscopy allows investigations at each carbon atom concerning microscopic events resulting from — NH3+, — SH and — COOH dissociations.


Rabbits were fed either 2 g cholesterol in 10 ml olive oil daily with normal diet (n = 5) or normal diet alone (n = 5). After 12 weeks, the cholesterol-fed animals had developed fatty plaques involving 24% ± 4% of the surface area of the aorta; the control animals had none. Mean platelet volume was significantly smaller (p < 0.04) in the cholesterol-fed animals (4.1 ± 0.3 fl) compared with the controls (4.8 ± 0.4 fl). The heterogeneity of the average volume distributions of the two groups, characterized by the statistical parameters of the coefficient of variation, skewness, and kurtosis, was also significantly different. Platelet count was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in the cholesterol-fed group (7.48 ± 1.06 × 1011 platelets/liter blood) compared to the control group (4.86 ± 0.60 × 1011 platelets/liter blood). Mean megakaryocyte cytoplasmic volume was significantly larger (p < 0.001) in the cholesterol-fed rabbits (12,262 ± 1485 fl) compared with controls (6,814 ± 761 fl). The range of cytoplasmic volumes was also significantly increased in the cholesterol-fed rabbits. A significant (p < 0.01) increase in mean megakaryocyte nuclear volume in the cholesterol-fed animals was accompanied by a nonsignificant increase in mean nuclear DNA content: 30.2 ± 3.7 N compared with a control value of 23.6 ± 4.0 N. This evidence indicates that a high cholesterol diet in rabbits is associated with changes in platelet production from megakaryocytes as well with as the development of atherosclerosis.


Obtaining the land vehicle's position, azimuth and attitudes autonomously and accurately is significant for vehicle-based weapon's combat effectiveness. High performance inertial navigation system (INS) can provide high precision attitudes and azimuth reference information, however, it is usually very expensive. In addition, due to gyroscope drifts and accelerometer biases, INS navigation errors would diverge with time. To solve the problem, this paper proposed an integrated positioning and orientation method based on the FOG single-axis rotational INS (FRINS) and the odometer (OD). The proposed method adopted the rotation modulation technique to suppress the inertial sensor errors, particularly  $z$ -axis FOG drift, by which the navigation accuracy, especially the azimuth accuracy, can be improved. At the same time, the proposed method integrated the FRINS with OD to suppress INS error's divergence with time. Combining the above rotation modulation technique and the integration of FRINS and OD, the proposed method could improve the integrated system positioning and orientation accuracy as well as reduce the integrated system cost. This paper presented the FRINS/OD integrated navigation system configuration, established the FRINS/OD integrated system errors model, and then verified the performance of proposed method by simulations. The results show that the proposed method could achieve positioning accuracy of 0.03% (of total traveled distance) and orientation of ±20, respectively, using rotational INS with FOGs of 0.1°/h and accelerometers of 500 ug.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to broaden the link between workplace flexibility (WF) and job engagement (JE) while considering quality of work life (QWL) as mediator and the use of knowledge sharing (KS) as moderator. While numerous studies have focused solely on the importance of WF, QWL, KS and JE only exclusively, this study integrates them to delineate their association and to empirically assess the relationships. To advance an in-depth knowledge of these aspects, the study goes beyond the conventional findings.

Design/methodology/approach
In total, 378 employees from software firms in India participated in the questionnaire-based survey. It is a cross-sectional study. The proposed conceptual model and hypothesis were analyzed and tested by structural equation modeling and process macro. Drawing on the person environment (P-E) fit theory and social exchange theory, the authors discuss how QWL mediates and KS moderates the association between WF and JE.

Findings
Results indicate a positive association between WF and JE. Furthermore, it was found that QWL mediated and KS moderated this association.

Practical implications
Findings of the study will help the management to comprehend the significance QWL interventions in increasing their JE. This paper may encourage HR managers in the Information Technology (IT) industry to perceive the importance of KS. Moreover, the study accentuates flexible work options as essential phenomenon to positively impinge on the JE of employees in the IT sector.

Originality/value
The present study tries to enrich the extant research on WF and JE while it demonstrates the use of QWL interventions and KS as vital constructs that may significantly and positively influence JE.


Journals of Samuel Hearne and Philip Turnor. Edited by J. B. with introduction and notes. (Publications of the Champlain Society, XXI.) Toronto: The Champlain Society. 1934. Pp. xviii, 611. T•s volume is the fruit of a laudable co-operation on the part of the Hudson's Bay Company with the Champlain Society. Mr. Tyrrell's statement of the material in the archives of the company placed at his disposal fills more than a page of his preface. Apart from the journals of Hearne and Tumor, which make up the body of the book, the journals of Peter Fidler and Malchom Ross, who accompanied Tumor to the Athabaska country, were provided, and Mr. Tyrrell has made a good use of these, in the form of footnotes, to throw further light on Turnor's survey of that region. Then, too, material was given which has enabled him to present an entirely fresh view of the history of the fur-trade on the Saskatchewan up to the time of Turnor's journey up that stream to the so-called Upper Hudson's House, as witness the quotations from the journals of William Pink and of Matthew Cocking, the four pages and more of a sketch of Samuel Hearne's career in the service of the company, and the dozen pages of extracts from the Cumberland House journals, as well as letters and other documents bearing on Philip Turnor--all in small print. Finally, many valuable notes were provided upon the careers of the servants of the company mentioned in the journals published here, and three more elaborate biographies of Malchom Ross, of Humphrey Marten, governor of York Fort, and of William Tomison, the ubiquitous chief inland for the company over a long series of years. The orderly sketch of Tomison's journeyings to and fro is particularly welcome, for he is often mentioned by the Northwesters, whose dislike of him may be taken as the measure of his faithfulness in the service of the English company, and his success as a trader. This generous provision of material by the Hudson's Bay Company has not only enabled the Champlain Society to give to the public a mass of factual information up to the present largely unknown; it has made it possible for Mr. Tyrrell to place the history of the years covered in a perspective hitherto unperceived. The contribution of Mr. Tyrrell in this volume is no less notable. His unsurpassed knowledge of most of the waterways followed by Hearne and Turnor has not only enabled him to provide a series of footnotes authoritative in character, but to throw a flood of light upon the courses followed. To elucidate the account of Turnor's survey of the Lake Athabaska region must have been pure intellectual delight to him, who had surveyed much of the ground covered for the Dominion of Canada in the last years of the nineteenth century. Hearne's journal begins with his departure from York Fort on June 23, 1774, to establish the first inland post in the hinterland of that depot for the English 'company. It describes the route up the Hayes River to the Fox, up the northerly branch of the latter stream and by an obscure route


A distinct suite of sand bedforms has been observed to occur in laboratory flows with limited sand supply. As sand supply to the bed progressively increases one observes sand ribbons, discrete barchans and, eventually, channel spanning dunes; but there are relatively few observations of this sequence from natural river channels. Furthermore, there are few observations of transitions from limited sand supply to abundant supply in the field. Bedforms developed under limited, but increasing, sand supply downstream of the abrupt gravel–sand transition in the Fraser River, British Columbia, are examined using multi‐beam swath‐bathymetry obtained at high flow. This is an ideal location to study supply‐limited bedforms because, due to a break in river slope, sand transitions from washload upstream of the gravel–sand transition to bed material load downstream. Immediately downstream, barchanoid and isolated dunes are observed. Most of the bedform field has gaps in the troughs, consistent with sand moving over a flat immobile or weakly mobile gravel bed. Linear, alongstream bedform fields (trains of transverse dunes formed on locally thick, linear deposits of sand) exhibit characteristics of sand ribbons with superimposed bedforms. Further downstream, channel spanning dunes develop where the bed is composed entirely of sand. Depth scaling of the dunes does not emerge in this data set. Only where the channel has accumulated abundant sand on the bed do the dunes exhibit scaling congruent with previous data compilations. The observations suggest that sediment supply plays an important, but often overlooked, role in bedform scaling in rivers.


There exist cities which have inherited issues from the industrialized modernism, these have been analyzed by processes of reinvention by using a post-modernist sustainability-based theoretical approach that justifies specific requirements to create a new urban paradigm, in accordance with the interests of citizens in the late twentieth century. With regard to the premises of the mentioned design movement these have enhanced environmentally friendly habits throughout the world, conversely Ibero-American areas does not have a complete performance of adaptation according with its local conditions, instead of this American standards of construction, conceived in different economic conditions, have been employed; hence it is relevant to point out views form New Urbanism have influenced the architectural proposals in the Caribbean Region of Colombia by using not only conceptual features but also building procedures addressed to the estate market


To solve clock synchronization problem in distributed system, two hardware methods were introduced. External 1PPS clock was used to generate synchronized clock (S clock) in local frequency domain. In one method, 1PPS clock was directly tracked and locked by hardware logic, and then stimulates S clock immediately. 1PPS glitch and clock-lost problems in field were solved. In the other method, the multi-clocks mathematical models were built to correct 1PPS clock self-jitter. All the program were realized in one FPGA chip with NiosII soft CPU, which were pure physical layer synchronization style. Compared to traditional software solutions in the host computer, hardware clock synchronization can reach microseconds precision, and is more stable.


Rajesh Makwana is executive director at Share The World's Resources (www.sharing.org), a civil society organization campaigning for a fairer sharing of wealth, power, and resources both within and between nations. He has written numerous publications, chaired panel discussions, and advocated implementation of economic sharing as a solution to global crises in interviews, debates, and presentations in the United Kingdom and overseas.


Green and black tea samples available in Indian markets were analyzed for their elemental composition using Hand held X-ray Fluorescence spectrometer. Twenty eight elements were analyzed in the tea leaves. Macronutrients detected in major proportions were K and Ca, while Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, and Mg were the micronutrients detected in all the samples. Si, P and S were the nonmetals detected in the tea leaves.  The samples also showed presence of rare earth metals like Ag, Sr, Rb, Nb and Mo.


Increasing use of erectile dysfunction (ED) drugs has added a new topic to the ophthalmologist-patient conversation: possible risks to the optic nerve in certain patients with glaucoma who are taking ED medications.


With U.S. combat forces out of Iraq and scheduled to draw down and depart from Afghanistan by 2014, scholars, policy analysts, and military planners alike are struggling to explain both the successes and failures experienced in these two most recent American forays into this complex form of conflict. Domestic support for the efficacy of large-scale, population-centric counterinsurgency (COIN) has never been overly strong, but arguably reached its height after the striking reduction in violence and increased stability that followed the 2007 U.S. troop surge in Iraq and the accompanying implementation of many of the COIN approaches advocated in the recently released U.S. ArmyMarine Corps' Counterinsurgency Manual FM 3–24 (2007). COIN, championed by several of this century's greatest military leaders, and the recipient of unprecedented attention from both scholars and practitioners, is now receding in prominence to say the least. Its most ardent critics of late attach an outright toxic connotation to the term COIN, inextricably linking it to the excessive expenditures of blood and treasure in Iraq and Afghanistan, which they claim provide little to show for such an enormous sacrifice. With increased concerns over the rising power of a potential peer competitor in Asia, nuclear proliferation in Iran and North Korea, instability in the Middle East, and other pressing security threats, the huge investments required to conduct successful COIN campaigns strike many as misguided if not outright infeasible.


Microtremor and geoelectrical resistivity surveys have been conducted in areas where the April 10, 2021, earthquake of 6.1 Mw caused the most damage. Wirotaman Village, Malang Regency, was one of the regions with the most extensive damage. This study aims to investigate the seismic vulnerability and subsurface conditions that result in severe damage at the research location. This study's Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio Analysis (HVSR) curve was derived from the recorded microtremor signal in the frequency domain. The frequency parameter and amplification factor obtained from the curve are used to determine the seismic vulnerability index. In addition, a geoelectrical resistivity study with a dipole-dipole configuration was conducted at the site with the most extensive damage. The results of this study show the correlation between the results of the HVSR curve analysis and geoelectrical resistivity in determining the seismic vulnerability of an area. The results indicated that the high seismic vulnerability index value ranged from Kg= 12.0 to 18.0, with the most severe damage concentrated in the Southwest at SA 05 and SA 06. Based on the results of the geoelectrical survey, information was obtained that several points of damage to buildings at SA 05 (red circle) were on the same line, where this condition was associated with the possibility of new faults at that location. This microtremor and geoelectric resistivity investigation reveals thick sedimentary deposits with a high seismic vulnerability index and low resistivity. This study's findings can be utilized as a guide for micro zonation studies in research areas. This research contributes to the surrounding community in the form of disaster mitigation, where construction must avoid local fault positions that have been found to reduce the level of damage when natural geological disasters occur. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-09-014 Full Text: PDF


NEW MATERIAL: A compound of the formula (R 1 and R 2 are each ≤15C alkyl or polyfluoroalkyl, and which may contain -O-,-S-,-O-CO- or -C≡C- in the C chain, or one of R 1 and R 2 may be H, halogen, CN, etc.: A 1 and A 4 are each 2,6-naphthylene, 1,4-phenylene, etc.; Z 1 and Z 2 are each -Co-O-,-C≡C-, single bond, etc.; m and n are each 0 or 1; A 1 and A 3 are 2,6-naphthylene, 1,4- phenylene, etc.). EXAMPLE: 8-(4-pentylphenyl)-2-(6-ethoxy-2-naphthyl)-acetylene. USE: Liquid crystal compound. PREPARATION: The compound of formula I is obtained by brominating the corresponding stilbene compound, and subsequently dehydrohalogenating the obtained product, or allowing the corresponding compound having -CH 2 -CO to react with an inorganic acid chloride, and dehalogenating the formed the group -CH 2 CCl 2 - in the presence of base to obtain the object compound having C≡C bond. COPYRIGHT: (C)1989,JPO


The concept of productivity in tertiary education has been emphasized in recent times. This study examines how productivity can be enhanced in higher learning institutions, using the University for Development Studies (UDS) as a case study. The study objectives included assessing the strength of productivity drivers at UDS, examining challenges to productivity and identifying measures for enhancing productivity at UDS and tertiary education in general. The study was basically descriptive, and used primary and secondary data. Questionnaire was administered to 300 staff of UDS who were sampled using simple random sampling technique. Data was analyzed through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24. The study found that UDS is significantly poised to increase its productivity. This was established based on the findings that suggest that the Institution is strengthening and significantly boosting the factors that drive productivity in tertiary education. Key recommendations include the need for increased adoption of technology in teaching and learning. Keywords : Higher productivity, tertiary institution, technology adoption, University for Development Studies


As the world is currently undergoing an energy transformation paradigm—replacing the high carbon, finite supply coal and natural gas with renewable wind and solar electricity production—the search for high torque density permanent magnet (PM) electrical machines for direct-drive wind energy systems has been unprecedented. Consequently, various innovative topologies of the inherently magnetically geared PM vernier machine have been developed. Notable among these is the 'alternating flux-barrier' topology which was developed to mitigate the excessive harmonic flux leakage due to opposite magnetization directions of adjacent spoke PM pairs. However, this modified Spoke-Type PM vernier machine (STPMVM) is yet to gain industry-wide acceptance owing to the perceived negative effects of higher order harmonics created through flux-focusing. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the performance characteristics of STPMVMs, highlighting the inherent conflict between torque capability and power factor from the perspective of effective magnetic loading and coefficient of power factor (PF). The underlying reasons for the poor PF characteristics discussed in this paper have been lacking in previous studies. The paper also discusses PF improvement through Multi-Objective Optimization, as well as mechanical assembly considerations to alleviate concerns about manufacturing complexity of the modified STPMVM.


Water samples for the analysis of pigment composition were filtered through stacked mesh (to retain cells >5 µm) and Whatman GF/F filters (nominal pore size 0.4 μm, to retain cells <5 µm), allowing the examination of size fractionated phytoplankton biomass. Filters were frozen and stored at -80°C prior to analysis via the gradient elution procedure of (Van Heukelem and Thomas 2001) on an Algilent 1200 series High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) system in the environmental chemistry laboratory at SARDI Aquatic Sciences. Enumeration and identification of phytoplankton to genus or species level was carried out by Microalgal Services, Victoria, Australia, using traditional taxonomic methods. Zooplankton samples were rinsed through a 35 µm mesh sieve to remove all traces of preservative. The contents of the sieve were rinsed into 100 ml measuring cylinders and allowed to settle for 24 hours, after which settling volumes (biomass) were recorded. Samples were then decanted into 120 ml jars and resuspended in 100ml of water (i.e. concentrated 10x). Samples were viewed, identified and enumerated with a compound microscope. Counts were continued until 100 specimens of the dominant taxa were counted. Organism numbers were recorded as individuals m -3 in the water column using the volume swept by the net, calculated as the distance travelled by the net (recorded by a flow meter suspended in the mouth of the net) multiplied by the area of the net mouth. Settling volumes were recorded as ml m -3 using the volume swept.


This case note analyses the Turkish Competition Board's (" Board ") decision of May 29th, 2018 numbered 18-16/293-146 in which the Board assessed the acquisition of Dogan Muzik Kitap Magazacilik…


Molecular dynamics problems involve large numbers of interacting atoms requiring CPU and RAM intensive computational simulations. A contact detection algorithm which detects pairs of interacting atoms is a key component of these simulations. This paper presents a contact detection algorithm that is completely insensitive to packing density in terms of both RAM and CPU requirements — thus permitting near vacuum conditions and dense gases or liquids to coexist in the same simulation. In addition, both CPU and RAM requirements are proportional to the total number of atoms.Copyright © 2008 by ASME


Although the adipocyte protein leptin has been implicated in the control of reproductive function in rodents, its role in primate reproductive physiology is poorly understood. Because primates in puberty show nighttime LH secretion and there is considerable evidence that the fertile state requires adequate nutrition, we reasoned that animals on the verge of reproductive competence would respond to leptin infusions by secreting LH. Food restriction reduces circulating leptin levels and slows or stops the GnRH pulse generator. Therefore, we examined the endocrine effects of leptin infusions in food‐restricted male pubertal primates during the night when they normally secrete LH. In addition, we investigated the effect of leptin on in vitro testosterone production by Leydig cells.


Dr. R. E. STEINER: I've got little doubt that the wide duodenal loop was due to the enlarged head of the pancreas-why there should have been a fluctuation in size, I don't know. A question I would like to ask: is there any evidence at all that this man has had pancreatitis ? Another point, a further red herring, he had ankylosing spondylitis and this has never been mentioned but there is definite evidence of it radiologically. Dr. BooTH: Well, ankylosing spondylitis inay be associated with ulcerative colitis, a condition thought by some to have an auto-immune basis. It makes one wonder whether this was some primary type of autoimmune disease involving the colon which had ultimately been influenced by the Ps. pyocyanea. This is no less likely than that Ps. pyocyanea was the primary factor involving his colon. Dr. BARBER: I think that is quite possible in this case. Professor MCMICHAEL: Well, I think I've shown remarkable restraint in keeping off the very interesting fact that he had a scarred kidney and hypertension!


This article describes the verbal model underlying the development of a software decision support competitive regional management of construction projects. Competitive management of projects is understood as the purposeful process beginning with the organisation and carrying out of competition in which result projects-applicants are ordered on the basis of certain criteria, then the winner (or winners) the applicant who has won first place (or, accordingly, some first places – depending on competition conditions), and proceeding appears up to project end. Building projects are considered as complete symbolical systems, and management of them to represent a structural composition of four components: the subject of management, object of management; a project environment; algorithm of management of the project and criteria of quality of the project. Based on the analysis and synthesis of project management experience in construction in this article was developed verbal model of competitive regional management of construction projects. The proposed model revealed and clarified the existing ideas about the structure of the organization and mechanisms for the implementation of regional projects and due to the evaluation criteria allowed more adequately articulate the problems solved in the stages of this type of competitive project management.


Background: Although research over the last few years has yielded valuable data on the etiology and pathogenesis of the insidious form of hair loss in alopecia areata, there are still many grey areas, and the answers of many unfathomable questions continue to elude scientists and medical experts. With an enigmatic etiology, there is neither a permanent cure for AA nor a universally proven therapy inducing remission. Objective: This study aims to showing the efficacy of topical PUVA-SOL in the treatment of alopecia areata, and immunomodulatory effect of topical PUVA-SOL therapy. Patients And Methods: One hundred and fifty patients with AA attending Department of Dermatology at Tikrit Teaching Hospital were enrolled in this study in the period December 2008 through to December 2009; there were 1oo cases (66.66%) and 50 controls (33.33%). All patients were examined clinically, then interviewed and detailed AA questionnaires were completed for each of them.All patients included in this study suffered from AA, which failed to response to conventional therapy. Patients were instructed that they should stop all medications at least 3 weeks before starting therapy with trisoralin(Trimethyl psoralen) 0.15 topical application. After 15 minutes of topical psoralen, the patients were instructed to expose the affected skin to sunlight. Results: The most common site for AA found in the scalp. The AA more common in male than female, and more common in the young age than old age. The response of lesions to treatment were 68% in the cases, and 13% in the control while not response 32% in the cases, and 87% in the control.The time of response to treatment more Rezumat


Introduction: The combination of schistosomiasis and pulmonary hypertension was always recognized as a rare one, to the point that studies used to consider pulmonary hypertension as a manifestation of hepatosplenic schistosomiasis but none of them has considered it as a manifestation of Schistosoma infection until recently. In a case series study, 18.5% of patients that have a documented hepatosplenic schistosomiasis were found with pulmonary hypertension. Schistosomiasis rarely causes pulmonary hypertension without evident hepatosplenic manifestations. Here we are reporting a case of a patient whose first clinical presentation was features of pulmonary hypertension. The patient developed SOB and subsequently went on to develop clinical manifestations of the disease, paradoxically without ascites, splenomegaly or any features of the hepatosplenic disease. Discussion: We use this case as an opportunity to outline pathological mechanisms, causes, and classification of pulmonary hypertension. We also review the literature regarding pulmonary hypertension as a first presentation for schistosomiasis to establish the rarity of this case. Conclusion: A structured and thorough workup for pulmonary hypertension is emphasized. It is important to exclude all other secondary causes to be able to diagnose primary pulmonary hypertension especially in the absence of a positive family history and advanced diagnostic technology.


Peak load periods have a great impact for energy demand in smart grid. These times is directly related to the consumption of residential sector, thus utility need to add additional generation capacity during peak time to support the demand required. This paper proposes a demand response system for residential household. Analytical Method (AM) is used to optimize the load consumption based real data of typical residential home. The consumption data are measured using smart plugs that have been designed and implemented to communicate with household's smart devices. The simulation results show the peak load was reduced by 37.64% and the energy consumption cost bill was reduced by 29.52%. The proposed method is compared with other optimization methods such as Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to highlight the finding. The proposed approach indicated a greater saving period to produce the final results.


Combating crime imposes a need to seek appropriate and strong response of police organizations, which largely depends on the quality and timely information. Such intelligence is of vital importance not only for understanding the current situation and the scale of criminal activities, but also for predicting future crime trends. Until recently, traditional policing used exclusively reactive approach in countering crime. That approach is based on responding to an offence after it has been committed, with the aim to clarify and prove the criminal act, which mainly leads to limited success in fighting crime. The new model, which can be clearly singled out as an important movement in the police organizations of the twenty-first century is Criminal Intelligence. It represents the basis for the directed policing, as well as the basis of Intelligence Led Policing - ILP. The paper explains the dominant characteristics of the two major criminal intelligence models: The European Criminal Intelligence Model (ECIM) and The British National intelligence model (NIM). The mentioned models represent the basis for the development of Criminal Intelligence models of the significant number of developed international police organizations. Whether the development of Police-Intelligence Model in the Republic of Serbia is based on the dominant characteristics of these proven models is a key issue that the author specifically analyzes and at the same time criticizes, using reasonable arguments. On the one hand, criminal intelligence is used as an ad-hoc activity to assist the operational units in the criminal offense investigations, and on the other hand, it eliminates the involvement of all police units, other state authorities and organizations as well as public partners in the procedures of gathering, analyzing and exchanging information for criminal intelligence process, which contradicts numerous solutions worldwide.


Molybdenum oxide-decorated ruthenium on titanium oxide (Ru-(y)MoOx/TiO2) catalysts with monomeric structure exhibited highly efficient and selective for the selective synthesis of 1,4-pentanediol (1,4-PeD) via one-pot conversion of levulinic acid (LA)...


Increasing national and international pressures are impacting the profitability and sustainability of the northern Australian beef cattle industry, and many of these pressures are similar to those faced in several areas of the world, including the USA. This paper discusses current and emerging challenges in Northern Australia in regard to its beef industry, describes a proposed strategy for enhanced genetic improvement, and draws comparisons to related issues that should be considered in the Southern United States beef industry.


CASE DESCRIPTION The primary subject matter of this case concerns the growth and development of a web-based trophy and awards retail business, with primary focus on marketing strategy issues. Secondary issues examined include the identification and measurement of relevant performance metrics for an upstart firm such as QuickTrophy.com, and the relationship between strategic goal setting and the implementation of relevant strategies designed to achieve those goals. This case has a difficulty level of 3-4, and would be appropriate for junior-to-senior level students. The case is designed to be taught in 3 class hours, and is expected to require 4-6 hours of outside preparation by students. It might be helpful for students to examine other successful and failed web-based business models for comparison purposes. CASE SYNOPSIS The case centers around a group of entrepreneurs who recognized, develop and implement a unique web-based business model applied to the sports trophy business. QuickTrophy.com offers customers levels of customer service unparalleled in the trophy business, including an easy-to-use website, next day shipping, and a money-back guarantee. The company faces some unique challenges in developing and maintaining a consistent customer base, and is looking for additional ways of expanding their business through complimentary products and services. QuickTrophy.com is a small company, which has an interesting value proposition and the potential for significant growth. INSTRUCTORS' NOTES Recommendations for Teaching Approaches This case is designed for use in a variety of different courses, including Marketing Strategy, Strategic Management, Business Policy, and E-commerce, although the case is probably most relevant to courses such as Marketing Strategy and E-commerce. Students will probably be motivated to investigate the company purely based upon the name of the case (QuickTrophy.com), and may have some experience with the product, either having been on a sports team, or having served as a coach of a sports team. The case is also designed to get students to think about what it would take to start a small web-based business such as QuickTrophy.com, and to think about the links between plans and action, or strategy and implementation. The case can be assigned as an individual assignment, or as a group or team assignment, and could be coupled with another web-based case (either a successful or unsuccessful firm), allowing students to compare and contrast. For example, how does QuickTrophy.com compare to successful web-based ventures such as Amazon.com or Travelocity.com, or how does QuickTrophy.com compare to failed ventures such as Webvan.com ? A number of web-related references (most competitors) are also mentioned in the case. In using this case, students will also be expected to use some (limited) quantitative skills, focusing on revenues, costs, margins, and break-even; in some courses, this case could be used as an initial exposure to these types of issues. Additionally, it might be both helpful and interesting to invite a local entrepreneur to either discuss the case, or to comment on student case presentations. Students would probably find the perspective of the entrepreneur both interesting and challenging. TEACHING OBJECTIVES There are a number of teaching objectives linked to this case, including the following: 1. To expose students to the challenges and opportunities of starting and growing a new business. 2. To challenge students to make the connection between developing strategic marketing plans and successfully implementing those plans. 3. To provide students with the opportunity to better understand a web-based business model, and to draw similarities with "traditional" business models. 4. To give students a limited opportunity to explore the financial issues associated with an upstart business. …


Citation: Mokrushin AA (2017) Specific Effects of Antipsychotic Chlorpromazine on Glutamatergic Ionotropic Mechanisms. Novel Targets for Treatment Schizophrenia. Int J Brain Disord Treat 3:020. doi. org/10.23937/2469-5866/1410020 Received: July 26, 2017: Accepted: October 23, 2017: Published: October 25, 2017 Copyright: © 2017 Mokrushin AA. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.


With the increasing of input data size, process cost will be very long, for the explosive growth of the Internet data even reached the point of single machine can handle. This article mainly introduces the architecture of the concept of cloud computing and, the mainstream of the analysis of the current data mining algorithms, based on cloud computing to develop the data mining system, providing the operation feasibility of data mining in cloud computing platform, having strong guiding significance.


Abstract Pressure-temperature data and Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr garnet ages are presented for retrogressed granulitic rocks of the Jijal-Patan complex and the Kamila Amphibolite Belt. Despite the retrogression and hydration, the two samples contain garnet and hydrous minerals that yield pressures and temperatures similar to previous estimates for pristine granulite facies rocks from the same area. The Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr garnet ages are concordant at 95–100 Ma for the two samples and for both isotopic systems. These ages are interpreted as dating cooling through 700–800 °C following magmatic crystallization and granulite facies metamorphism. In the case of the garnet amphibolites from the Kamila Belt, the garnets retain prograde major element zonation. In addition, the closure temperature for the Rb-Sr system is very close to the recorded temperature. For these reasons, the age of 100 Ma must represent a time close to that when the pressure and temperature preserved in the mineralogy and its chemistry was recorded. The isotopic equilibrium between garnet and paragonite at 90–100 Ma suggests that the regional hydration event that affected the lower crust of the Kohistan arc also occurred at this time. Cooling rates calculated from the Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd ages for the partially retrogressed granulite give a minimum of 3–6°C Ma−1 and imply a different tectonic mechanism for the exhumation of the lower crust than is typical for granulites. This process may be related to early regional decompression following the collision of the Kohistan arc with Eurasia.


In the field of micromotors many efforts are taken to find a substitute for peroxide as fuel. While most approaches turn towards other toxic high energy chemicals such as hydrazine, we introduce an energy source that is widely used in nature: light. Light is an ideal source of energy and some materials, such as AgCl, have the inherent property to transform light energy for chemical processes, which can be used to achieve propulsion. In the case of silver chloride, one observed process after light exposure is surface modification which leads to the release of ions generating chemo-osmotic gradients. Here we present endeavours to use those processes to propel uniquely shaped micro objects of micro star morphology with a high surface to volume ratio, study their dynamics and present approaches to go towards real environmental applications.


The issue of high-quality root canal treatment in deciduous and permanent teeth is currently highly relevant. There is a huge variety of tools, devices, and medicines that can be used for working with the root canals. It is often the case that in the dental market medical products of various quality characteristics are being offered for a certain manipulation, leaving consumers face to face with a tough choice of what to buy to obtain good results. According to the English-language literature review, evaluation of the technical characteristics of endodontic needles and the results of their use in practice showed a rather large number of negative aspects, which outlines the need to find the ways of endodontic needle refinement.


The content of exchangeable Ca, Mg, K and Na replaced by neutral ammonium acetate was determined in 470 samples of mineral soils from various parts of Finland, except from Lapland. The amount of all these cations tended to increase with an increase in the clay content, but variation within each textural class was large, and the ranges usually overlapped those of the other classes. The higher acidity of virgin surface soils was connected with a lower average degree of saturation by Ca as compared with the corresponding textural classes of cultivated soils. No significant difference in the respective contents of other cations was detected. The samples of various textural groups from deeper layers were usually poorer in exchangeable Ca and K than the corresponding groups of plough layer. The mean content of exchangeable Mg was equal or even higher in the samples from deeper layers than in the samples from plough layer, except in the group of sand soils. The percentage of Mg of the effective CEC increased, as an average, from 9 in the sand and fine sand soils of plough layer to 30 in the heavy clay soils; in the heavy clay soils from deeper layers its mean value was 38 d= 4 %. In the samples of plough layer, the mean ratio of Ca to Mg in sand and fine sand soils was about 9, in silt and loam soils about 6, in the coarser clay soils about 4, and in heavy clay about 2. Chemical and physical properties of a soil may largely depend on the quality and quantity of exchangeable cations in it. The degree of saturation by basic cations is of particular importance, but also the proportions of various basic cations and their amounts in soil exert marked effect on plant nutrition and, especially, on properties of clay soils. Information about basic exchangeable cations in Finnish soils obtained by modern analytical methods is not particularly abundant. Heinonen (1956) has reported results of exchangeable Ca, Mg, and K in the plough layer of about 50 mineral or organic soils. Marttila (1965) published data of a material consisting of 100 samples from surface and deeper layers of both cultivated and virgin soils, and Mäkitie and Virri (1965) studied 10 clay soil profiles of Southern Finland. Their results do not differ from the


(57) Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of protecting a method for producing an olefin product from oxygenate feedstock and silicoaluminophosphate salt molecular sieve catalytic activity. The method may include a possible and oxygenate feedstock sieve to provide a silicoaluminophosphate salt molecular sieve having catalytic sites within the molecular sieve, contacting under conditions effective to produce an olefin product, wherein in silicoaluminophosphate salt molecular sieve contacting the oxygenate feedstock has a methanol acquisition index of at least 0.15.


Tetraethoxyorthosilicate and methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane are used to form inorganic and organic networks, respectively. Photosensitive agent is added to initiate free-radical cross-linking polymerization of unsaturated carbon bonds and thus makes the material act as a negative tone photoresist. Developed in dilute base solution, micro- optical element, such as lenses and gratings, were fabricated by contact with UV-exposure. Shrinkage effect is investigated after optical elements obtained. Compared with the mask, the spacing of the exposed areas in sol-gel film shrinks, and the shrinkage rate is about 20%.


The paper analyses the aggregation problem when the micro relations consist of multivariate specifications. We focus on a generalization of the model selection criterion proposed in the previous literature for discriminating between aggregate and disaggregate models. In addition, we extend the model selection problem in forecasting aggregate variables out of sample. Both the stationary and cointegrated VAR processes are considered. The paper also introduces a new "test of perfect aggregation" in the multivariate environment. The properties of the test are analysed by Monte Carlo simulation. The results suggest adopting a correction to reduce the small sample bias of the test.


Business school ranking are the mark of excellence of business schools, they are not only used by students but are also used by recruiters for placements. With mushrooming of many business schools in India halo attached to the management education has sharply faded. The surveys conducted by main agencies in India for business school ranking were reviewed from which key ingredients for business school ranking parameters were identified and categorised. The intellectual capital factor was found an important parameter. The paper describes the rationale and approach for assessing intellectual capital parameter of business school. The list of items considered for evaluation of intellectual capital parameter can be used by academic administrators while recruitment, training, performance appraisal and also as a mean for compensation of a business school teacher. This will not only improve the quality of teaching but will also make the business school achieve higher ranking and repute.


Although Ultra High Voltage (UHV) power grid requires heavy investment, it can also produce vast social economic benefits by optimizing power energy allocation. Owing to the existing controversy over the economy of the UHV power grid, it is necessary for policymakers to propose a scientific method used to comprehensively analyze huge costs and benefits caused by the UHV power grid. In this paper, Life Cycle Cost (LCC) is introduced to analyze cost dimensions of the UHV power grid and shadow price theory is used to evaluate huge potential social benefits brought by UHV power grid. Based on these shadow prices, social benefits of UHV power grid are put forward from aspects of saving installation benefit, saving coal-fired benefit, power loss reduction benefit, short-circuit current reduction benefit, sustainable development benefit, and social resource distribution optimization benefit. Some evaluation indexes for social benefits based on input-output analysis table of the LCC mode are calculated to be comparable with those of the traditional cost mode. A certain UHV power grid of China is applied to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed evaluation method.


Maintaining structural integrity of the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) during a postulated core melt accident is an important safety consideration in the design of the vessel. This study addresses the failure predictions of the vessel due to thermal and pressure loadings fro the molten core debris depositing on the lower head of the vessel. Different loading combinations were considered based on the dead load, yield stress assumptions, material response and internal pressurization. The analyses considered only short term failure (quasi static) modes, long term failure modes were not considered. Short term failure modes include plastic instabilities of the structure and failure due to exceeding the failure strain. Long term failure odes would be caused by creep rupture that leads to plastic instability of the structure. Due to the sort time durations analyzed, creep was not considered in the analyses presented.


Originally published in: Handbook of Photosensory Receptors. Edited by Winslow R. Briggs and John L. Spudich. Copyright © 2005 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA Weinheim. Print ISBN: 3-527-31019-7

The sections in this article are

Introduction
Rhodopsin and Mammalian Visual Phototransduction
Signal Amplification by Light-activated Rhodopsin
Inactivation of Light-activated Rhodopsin

Properties of Rhodopsin
Isolation of Rhodopsin
Biochemical and Physicochemical Properties of Rhodopsin
Post-translational Modifications in Rhodopsin
Membrane Topology of Rhodopsin and Functional Domains
Transmembrane Domain of Rhodopsin
Intradiscal Domain of Rhodopsin
Cytoplasmic Domain of Rhodopsin

Chromophore Binding Pocket and Photolysis of Rhodopsin
Structure of Rhodopsin
Crystal Structure of Rhodopsin
Atomic Force Microscopy of Rhodopsin in the Disk Membrane

Activation Mechanism of Rhodopsin
Conclusions
Acknowledgements

Keywords:

photosensory receptors;
rhodopsin;
mammalian rod-cell photoreceptor structural aspects;
functional;
mammalian visual phototransduction


There has been general concern about the capacity to store fall harvested crops in light of the prospects for the 2007 corn crop to exceed 13 billion bushels. With production forecasts now available, prospective fall supplies can be calculated. While the 2007 harvest of fall crops is spread over a long period of time, the magnitude of fall supplies can be represented by the expected size of the September 1 inventory of the 2006 crops, the September 1 inventory of 2007 crops already harvested, and prospective size of the fall harvest of the primary crops – corn, soybeans, and sorghum. The USDA projects the September 1, 2007 inventory of corn, soybeans, and sorghum at 1.75 billion bushels. We forecast the September 1 inventory of wheat, oats, and barley at 2.16 billion bushels, so that September 1 stocks of the six major crops may be near 3.91 billion bushels. Stocks of these crops totaled 4.545 billion bushels on September 1, 2006. The USDA forecasts production of corn, sorghum, and soybeans at 16.154 billion bushels, suggesting a fall crop supply of 20.064 billion bushels. Production of these three crops totaled 14.001 billion bushels in 2006, resulting in a total fall crop supply of 18.546 billion bushels. Excluding rice (fall supplies will be about equal those of a year ago), these calculations suggest that the 2007 fall crop supply will be about 1.518 billion bushels larger than the 2006 supply. However, the largest supply, based on the methodology used here, was in the fall of 2005 when inventories plus production totaled 19.288 billion bushels. It appears that the supply this year will be about 776 million bushels (4 percent) larger than the previous record supply of 2005. Additional storage capacity has been added since the fall of 2005. The USDA provides estimates of on-farm and off-farm storage capacity each year in the December Grain Stocks report. Estimates of off-farm capacity exclude, among others, facilities that are used to store only rice or peanuts and capacity at processing facilities that are exclusive to cottonseed and peanuts. Crop storage capacity as of December 1, 2006 was estimated at 20.347 billion bushels, 392 million bushels above the December 1, 2005 capacity and 653 million above the December 1, 2004 capacity. It is not known how much capacity has been added in 2007. If capacity has been added at the same rate as in 2006, total U.S. …


: Our previous invitro study suggested that platelet concentrates (PCs) suspended in 35% plasma with 65% platelet additive solution (PAS) can be refrigerated (2-6 ℃ ) with good quality for 14 days. In clinical practice, however, refrigerated PAS-PCs may be exposed to room temperature, e. g. , when issued to wards. The possibility of a change in platelet function during warming is therefore of concern. We evaluated the impact of exposure to 25 ℃ (room temperature) for 30 minutes or 4 hours during storage, or to 25 ℃ for 30 minutes followed by 24-hour storage at 22 ℃ (PC-storage temperature) with agitation on the invitro quality of PAS-PCs after refrigeration for 18 hours. Temporal warming to 25 ℃ or 24-hour exposure to 22 ℃ did not alter the pH or platelet concentration of refrigerated PAS-PCs. However, hypotonic shock response and maximal platelet aggregation response to collagen and ADP increased as a function of exposure time. The mean fluorescence intensity of CD62P became significantly higher 4 hours after exposure to 25 ℃ than that in continuously refrigerated PAS-PCs, suggesting that temporal warming (ex-cept within 30 minutes) to room temperature gradually activates platelets in refrigerated PAS-PCs. Temporal warming may influence the efficacy of refrigerated PAS-PC transfusion. Exposure to room temperature should therefore be minimized to achieve the expected transfusion efficacy.


Through the study of a pumped-storage power station underground powerhouse water-cooled air-conditioning system,underground powerhouse water-cooled air-conditioning system has been modified by use of existing equipment. And by calorie counting,the feasibility transformation has been verified. The pumped-storage reservoir deep water(water temperatures at 50 m below surface always keeps about 9℃) replaces chilled,better meeting the design requirements and actual needs, which not only fully enhances the underground powerhouse ventilation and air conditioning system reliability,but also signifi cantly reduces the operating costs of the system.


The utility model relates to a water leakage detector for vapour-cooled generators, which comprises a generator and a condenser, wherein the condenser is arranged on the generator. The utility model is characterized in that the upper part of one side of the generator is provided with an overflow opening; the overflow opening is connected with one end of a water-liquid separation tank through an overflow tube; an conductivity meter is arranged on the overflow tube; a drain valve is connected on the water-liquid separation tank; the other end of the water-liquid separation tank is connected with a liquid storing tank; the liquid storing tank is connected with a circulating pump; and the circulating pump is connected with the other side of the generator through a perfusion tube. The utility model has the advantages that the water leakage detector can be used for detecting and treating water leakage of the condenser in the generator to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the vapour-cooled generator.


A portable GSM ECG with GPRS communication was developed with an Internet database for the on/off-line analysis of large amount of ambulatory ECG (www.bion.hu). 3 studies were performed determining the role of nonlinear heart rate dynamically in the separation of various disease groups (sudden cardiac death in CHF and in post-infarction (post-MI) patients, malignant ventricular rhythm disturbances in post-MI groups). The Haar wavelet analysis (wavelet SD by scale parameters) showed a good separation in the 3-5 scale range. The multivariate discriminant models with input values of /spl alpha//sub 1/, /spl alpha//sub 2/, /spl beta/ and the approximate entropy showed a good separation (Wilks' statistics: p < 0.001) of the patients' groups. The frequent, Internet based ECG monitoring would be help in the individual cardiovascular risk management.


Excerpt From time to time the statement is made at medical meetings and in the medical press that the introduction of laboratory methods in the practice of medicine has impaired the physician's pow...


T HE war period has been accompanied by a large increase in the number of attempts to extend foreign influence through the press of Argentina. In order to explain the phenomenon, I shall adjust myself to the circumstance of writing for readers abroad and to the limitation demanded by the hospitality of the JOURNALISM QuARTERLY, however freely it has been offered to me. North Americans already know that Argentina is not susceptible to . any exotic current, and although some papers have called this nation an ungovernable country in the concert of nations in the New World, the resistence, displeasure, dissidence or retreat which provoke such an unjust classification stems from a natural and national concept which induces Argentina to decide for itself questions regarding obligations and conformity . I am not a militant of democracy, but I must say that the great Argentine newspapers who defend it, do it by virtue of a tradition which is anterior to the events of the moment. It is not the result of the course that these organs would desire to impose at.the present· time.


Dry powder pharmaceutical compositions having improved stability comprising a combination of a bronchodilator and steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which the entered dry powder inhaler, and their use in the treatment of respiratory disorders by inhalation.


Presents a new B‐spline finite element for the dynamic analysis of unsymmetrical sandwich shells of revolution. The formulation takes account of the membrane and bending effects in isotropic or orthotropic elastic facings, and membrane, bending and transverse shearing effects in an isotropic or othotropic elastic core. Both geometry and local displacements are interpolated by a set of B‐spline functions. The main aspects added by the sandwich structure of the element are the transverse shearing and membrane‐bending coupling effects in the core. These are well represented by a set of new variables which are the mean end relative in‐plane displacements of the facing middle surfaces. Together with the transverse displacement, these variables constitute the degrees of freedom (dofs) of this new B‐spline sandwich element. The finite elements are grouped into super‐elements with C1 continuity to obtain the whole finite element model. For each super‐element a total of five dofs per node is then obtained except f...


The most important thing for learners in Programming Language subject is problem solving. During the practical programming project, various problems may occur and learners usually need consultation from the senior programmers (i.e. the experts) to assist them in solving the problems. Thus, the inquiry-based learning with learning forum is applied to assist the programming problem solving. However, even if the learning community of the forum is provided, the finding of trustworthy and available experts for improving the quality of social interactions is still difficult for students. Therefore, the idea of applying the social network service of Web 2.0 with the trustworthy experts finding service is proposed to actively consult the experts based on their topic of interest, trustworthiness, and availability. The experts' topic interest and trustworthy degree are obtained from the experts' posting documents on the forum. To maintain the dynamic discussion topics and avoid the synonym problem on the forum, the Programming Capability Ontology is constructed as the consensus taxonomy by the distributed clustering algorithm. The self-organized ontology maintenance scheme is also proposed to maintain and update the new topic keywords in the ontology. The availability of experts can be approximately calculated from their online presence log. Moreover, the updating of the experts' presence value is modeled by the fading probability function of the Ant Colony Algorithm. Finally, the quality of the expert finding service and learners' satisfaction with the expert finding service has been evaluated. The experimental result shows that the feasibility and the effectiveness of the proposed approach are satisfactory.


Training systems on commercial basis for laparoscopic surgery are useful for basic training, but are not suitable for specific training corresponding to the patient's condition. We, therefore, have developed a unique training system, a patient-specific type simulator for laparoscopic surgery. When specific data of each individual patient is entered, this system facilitates surgeons to perform a "rehearsal" operation. We applied this technique in laparoscopic surgery on the basis of volume data obtained by multislice computed tomography imaging. We underwent surgical simulations before laparoscopic surgeries and compared them. Simulation was helpful because we could obtain information about the complicated vessel network and "rehearse" the procedure. Our simulator allows surgeons to perform a sham operation with different perspectives and tactile sensations and has received favorable reviews from users.


Currently, developersofdecision-supportsystemstryto integrate thesesystemswith the electronicmedicalrecord. The drawback is a limited amount ofrecorded medical data. System developers whofacethe choice between designing an integrated 'non-inquisitive' system and an integrated 'inquisitive'system need insight into the


Nodular fasciitis (NF) is a benign tumor that is often misdiagnosed due to its rapid growth potential. There are limited case reports highlighting the cytomorphological features of this entity. We present two cases of nodular fasciitis that posed diagnostic challenges. The main features on cytological smears included bland, round to ovoid cells with indistinct cytoplasmic processes with focal cytologic atypia in a background of focal myxoid change. There was no mitosis or necrosis. One of the cases was clinically suspected to be a pleomorphic adenoma while the other was provisionally diagnosed as a pleomorphic sarcoma on FNAC (Fine needle aspiration cytology). It is important to rule out nodular fasciitis on FNAC smears in the era of pre-operative chemo-radiotherapy. Misdiagnosis can result in unnecessary aggressive management.


The text deals with the current topic of the professional identity of social workers, focusing on the phase in which professional identity is formed during undergraduate studies. The work seeks an answer to the question: How do third-year students (higher vocational and BA level of study) interpret their professional identity after completing a two-month internship? This question assumes that student work experience contrib-utes to the formation of their professional identity. The work focuses on the importance of practical training during studies in the process of forming the professional identity of future social workers. The main theme of the theoretical part of the paper is identity as an initial concept for understanding professional (personal) identity, which plays a significant role at the start of the professional development of an educational institution. The subject of the empirical part of this work will be the search for the answer to the main research question: How does the two-month internship in the third year of students' studies affect their notion of professional identity? In other words, how does a student become a social worker who understands their professional identity and its relevance in coping with the practical demands of the social work profession? The article responds to the changing needs and innovations in the tertiary education of social work students as well as to the demands of social work practice (employ-ers), which is calling for a change in the professional training of future social workers IV/2021 in the context of changing conditions for the performance of social work and social services, both in theoretical and practical training. Practical training requires flexible, creative, and adaptable social workers in whom an anchored professional identity can help manage the high job requirements and lead to increased resilience in coping with the demands of prior learning experiences, interaction with the environment, personal assumptions, and self-reflection.