Gold nanorods have the potential to be employed as extremely bright molecular marker labels. However, samples containing a large number of gold nanorods usually exhibit relatively wide spectral lines. This linewidth limits the use of the nanorods since it would be rather difficult to image several types of nanorod markers simultaneously. We measured native scattering spectra of single gold nanorods with the CLASS microscope and found that single gold nanorods have a narrow spectrum as predicted by the theory. That suggests that nanorod-based molecular markers with controlled narrow aspect ratios should provide spectral lines sufficiently narrow for effective biomedical imaging.


Rynzhuk Larisa Vasylivna, Rynzhuk Vasyl Yefremovych, Gresko Marina Dmitrуina, Bulik Tatyana Sergуivna, Sheremet Anastsia Mihaylivna. Peculiarities of the colon microflora condition in pregnant women with asymptomatic bacteriuria. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2018;8(2):250-255. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1182741

http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/5302

The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 1223 (26.01.2017).

1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7

© The Authors 2018;

This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland

Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,

provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License

(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.

This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial

use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.

Received: 01.02.2018. Revised: 05.02.2018. Accepted: 16.02.2018.

PECULIARITIES OF THE COLON MICROFLORA CONDITION

IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA

Larisa Vasylivna Rynzhuk, Vasyl Yefremovych Rynzhuk, Marina Dmitrуina Gresko, Tatyana Sergуivna Bulik, Anastsia Mihaylivna Sheremet

Higher State Educational Institution of Ukraine "Bukovinian State Medical University"

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology with the Course of Infantile

and Adolescent Gynecology

Abstract

The investigation deals with studying of species content and population level of the colon microflora in pregnant women with asymptomatic bacteriuria in comparison with practically healthy pregnant women. A significant disorder of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the colon microflora content has been found to occur in pregnant women with asymptomatic bacteriuria, which in combination with physiological factors associated with pregnancy may result in the development of asymptomatic bacteriuria.

Key words: colon microflora, asymptomatic bacteriuria, pregnancy.


ABSTRACT In an influential 2002 study, John Hibbing and Elizabeth Theiss-Morse make the provocative argument that high numbers of Americans seek "stealth democracy," that is, processes that discover the will of the people without requiring substantial citizen effort. This article applies the concept in a Canadian province and argues that the stealth democracy measure represents an ambiguous amalgam of attitudes that are only loosely related to one another, and which do not appear to represent a single, underlying concept. We draw on 2011 Saskatchewan Election Study data and find that Saskatchewan responses to the stealth democracy items generally parallel the responses gathered in previous studies conducted in the United States, Finland, Britain, and Australia. We move beyond these studies by examining the components of the stealth democracy index. We conclude by suggesting that the concept of stealth democracy be rebuilt to better distinguish among attitudes toward democracy, politics, and governing.


A iontophoretic patch for use in a method of treating a condition responsive to sumatriptan in a subject, comprising administration by iontophoresis to said subject an amount of a sumatriptan or a salt thereof using a current of 4.0 mA, so least part of the treatment period, so that said responsive state sumatriptan is concerned in said subject, wherein said part of said treatment period is 60 minutes, and wherein said method further comprises a treatment period current low using a 2.0 mA current, and wherein said treatment period with low current is 3 hours.


Chiral nematic liquid crystals (N*-LCs) can tremendously amplify circular polarized luminescence (CPL) signals. Doped emissive N*-LCs have been substantially explored. However, their CPL performances still need to be improved, majorly due to the unsatisfying helical twisting power (HTP) of commonly used chiral fluorescent dopants. Chiral fluorescent helical polymers (CFHPs) have outstanding optical activity and CPL performance. The present contribution reports the first success in constructing emissive N*-LCs by doping CFHP into nematic liquid crystals (5CB, N-LCs). The helical assembly structures of N*-LCs effectively amplify CPL signals of the CFHP. Owing to the high HTP of CFHP, selective reflection band of N*-LC can be adjusted to fully cover its emission band. A nearly pure CPL with dissymmetry factor (glum ) up to -1.87 is realized at 9 wt% doping concentration. Taking advantage of selective reflection mechanism, multi-color CPL-active N*-LCs with high glum are fabricated via further adding achiral fluorophores. Also noticeably, circularly polarized room-temperature phosphorescence (CPRTP) with glum up to -1.57 is achieved. Anti-counterfeiting application is demonstrated exploiting multi-mode optical characteristics of the created N*-LCs. The established strategy for constructing emissive N*-LCs provides a platform for future exploring CPL-active N*-LCs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


The goal of this study was to investigate the language and culture barriers of foreign students towards
acquiring academic progress. Thai undergraduate students of English Education Department at Universitas
Nahdlatul Ulama Purwokerto in Central Java Province, Indonesia participated in this study. Questionnaires,
interviews and documents were used to collect the data. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics.
The result has indicated that the Thai students found it difficult to express ideas using English. The results
also have shown that language barriers had impact on the students" academic performance. On the other hand,
culture barriers do not have any impact on the students" academic progress.


The formulae of calculating the slop and the radius of the ion beam in the A_2exit hole and the distance d_2 between the two accelerting electrodes is drived basedon the theory of patallel axis linear optics. The influence of the uniform acceleratingelectric field and the space charge in the A_1--A_2 region on the particle trajectory isconsidered. An example is calculated numericaly and compared with analytic results.


Antibodies were raised in rats against the poliovirus type 1 capsid proteins, VP1, VP2, and VP3. Antibodies directed against VP1 from type 1 poliovirus (Mahoney) neutralized type 1 but not type 2 poliovirus. Antibodies raised against VP2 and VP3 failed to neutralize type 1 virus. Thus, VP1 appears to be a neutralizing antigen for poliovirus and in its denatured form presents to the immune system its neutralizing determinants.


The paper deals with the issues of creating sealing systems in process equipment. The problem of leakage through the clearance of the plunger-cylinder pair of the deep-well pump is considered, and well production is used as a sealing medium. To implement the specified sealing system, the "fluid-fracture" effect, developed by R. S. Gurbanov and M.A. Mamedova is used. The "fluid-fracture" effect at certain critical values of fracture opening leads to changes in the rheological properties of the well production, which allows to identify the pumps with the necessary clearances for the production to work as a seal. The developed method allows to reduce the delivery rate of the pump and decrease the cost of pumps used in a single well.


Abstract : This report contains a listing sorted alphabetically by author of all unclassified NPS technical reports written in the period 1969 - 1979 by faculty currently in the Operations Research Department.


After the completion of the Three Gorges Project(TGP),the normal storage level of reservoir will be raised to 175 m and a large amount of cultural relics need to be protected in the reservoir area.The White Crane Ridge Inscription is the national cultural relic and the key of cultural relic protection in TGP reservoir area.Due to the special geographic conditions and protection requirements,the protection schemes are formed finally after repeated proof.We describe the design idea and main design results of in-situ protection scheme of White Crane Ridge Inscription with the concept of "non-pressure vessel".The construction began in February of 2003 and the museum opened in May of 2009.It becomes the only relics-type underwater museum in the world and provides an example for the in-situ protection of underwater culture heritages.


Penetration Testing is a security research and study of exploitation methods with counter measures to protect web applications from attacks and intruders. It is the art of exploiting the weakness that has been identified in the system under test. Identifying the insecure areas is the major task; the goal is to protect sensitive and the valuable data. All the safety vulnerabilities which are present in the system should be exposed with penetration testing. Vulnerabilities are caused due to Design and development errors, Human errors, poor system configuration In this paper we concentrated on different types of penetration testing methods such as Social Engineering, Application Security Testing and Physical Penetration Testing. We focused on different tools involved at different situations at different methods, specifications, requirements, planning and scoping for successful penetration testing using automation tools, manual procedures and auto-manual procedural tools. The mathematical and algorithmic procedure is discussed and proved along with the simulation and graphs, finally design and implementation of penetration testing tool is given with practical analysis and result. Cyber Security and Code Security are the major tasks in Testing, where security is the major task in businesses world as attacks on code or cyber can cutoff the profits as well as reputation of the business enterprise. The major role of penetration testing is to detect and fix the vulnerabilities like malicious code or backdoors. Finally we concluded by development of data security strategies and tools which support the Penetration Testing and role of Advanced Penetration Testing and scope of feature work.


Abstract Existence, uniqueness and continuous dependence theorems for a class of third-order differential equations with anti-periodic boundary conditions are given. Applications to optimal control of the deflection of a three-layer beam are also given. The methods used here are: the Leray-Schauder′s continuation theorem, the Wirtinger-Poincare type inequalities, the monotonicity method (maximal monotone operators) and the penalizations (of convex functionals) of Barbu′s type.


Partitioning, development, fabrication, and management of construction blocks of modular products still heavily rely on manual labor of sophisticated designers because existing representation models seldom have automatic capability of product data processing for modular product development. To cope with this challenge, a framework for building an efficient representation model for modular product development has been developed. First, the framework redefines some very important concepts in order to make them clear and accurate. Second, the framework proposes a generic structure for modular products, which comes from the analysis and synthesis of real cases of modular product development in industry. Third, concept formalization is brought forward to facilitate manufacturers to establish responding ontology while the development process for modular product development ontology is provided as a simple reference for manufacturers to build their own modular product development ontology. Last, the analysis shows that the proposed approach is feasible, and may assist manufacturers to establish modular product development ontology for automation in modular product development.


Murine secreted over some period m t be measured; by employing ratios valuable indications are given from lexamination of a single sample, especially if the specimen is selected by the method we have indicated.2 Considerable variation in concentration of urine may even 'affect these ratios, and for this reason results obtained from very dilute urines are not considered. This variation is a matter with which we hope to deal in a further pommunication. The question might very reasonably be asked, Are these ratios merely empirical,or is. there any physiological reason for their use? That is to say, have they a theoretical as well as a practical basis? For RA there is such a basis of theory, as it indicates the effort that is being made to maintain -the constant reaction of the blood, giving informationof value in assessing its state and more particularly the amount of buffer salts present. The ammonia secreted may be compensatory, or in certain cases may arise from incomplete metabolism; with its source we are not immediately concerned. With the ratio Ru there appears to be no blood mechanism which relates ammonia to urea; the urea in blood may normally vary within wide limits, and Ru may or may not be a purely fortuitous ratio depending upon the source of the excess of ammonia. The value of the ratio may really be in the numerator which happens arithmetically to be little disturbed by usual variations in the deniominator. It isinteresting to note that Palmer 'and Henderson make use of an inverted form of RA, but attach no special significance to it,though they find it a conivenience in their pathological studies.3 Opinions differ as to the normal value for Ru; Wells4 gives the proportion of nitrogen in urine in the form of ammonia as from 2 to 5 per cent., which in diabetic acidosis may rise to 10 to 25 per cenlt. Todd5. states that normally about thirty times more nitrogen is excreted as urea than ammonia, and when the ratio of urea to the ammonia nitrogen is as 10 to I or more, we are justified in saying that acidosis is present, but figures between 10 to 1 and 20 to 1 point to defect of the liver. Burgess6 gives an average value in a series of normal children of 7.04. The figures we have obtained are more in agreement with those of Burgess. There would seem to be something unsatisfactory when a ratio which is given normally in the neighbourhood of 4 (Wells and Todd) has to increase to as much as 10 before it has indicative value. The normal value of RA ranges up to 1.5; a value exceeding this for an early morning specimen, lhaving a first or acid titration greater than 5 c.cm., -indicates solme derangement. This is in agreement with the values given by Palmer and Henderson,3 where the quantities are comparable. To summarize briefly: Of the two ratios RA is more accurately and readily determined, and it is definitely connected with a well established mechanism. Ru, including as it does the same numerator as RA, must in a measure give similar indications, but is affected by a denominator which does not aippear to have any definite connexion with the numerator such as is found in RA.


Water of good quality is essential for environmental and public health. In Nigeria, majority of the population rely on sachet/packed water for drinking purpose. This study was carried out to assess physico-chemical characteristics and levels of Fe, Zn, Cu, Pb and Mn in ten brands of sachet water sold in Benin City, Nigeria using standard methods. The lowest and highest values of the physico-chemical parameters were: pH (5.20 - 7.00), EC (10 - 170)µS/cm, turbidity (0.00 - 10.00)NTU TDS (5.30 - 90.10)mg/l, hardness (6.00 - 30.00)mg/l, chloride (7.06 - 21.18)mg/l, alkalinity (4.00 – 16.00)mg/l, nitrate (0.64 - 1.22)mg/l and phosphate (0.01 - 1.15)mg/l. They were all within the WHO permissible limits for drinking water except pH and turbidity that revealed a slight increase in concentrations in two brands, which could be indicative of high level of suspended solids and the presence of cations in the groundwater and could pose serious health threat to consumers. Therefore, proper treatment of water in the water packaging facilities and improved sanitary practices of workers and facilities in general are recommended. UNI data from heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Cu, Pb and Mn) analysis showed no evidence of contamination as they were all within their respective permissible limits of drinking water. It is therefore concluded that the sachet water brands sold in the study area are of good physical and chemical quality.


We have performed several experiments to explore the role of local lattice in the cuprate superconductors. The Cu K-edge x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) results provide a direct evidence for the Jahn-Teller polaronic distortions of the CuO2 lattice in these materials. The Jahn-Teller polarons in the cuprates are found to be associated with Q2 mode which is degenerate with the Q3 Jahn-Teller mode. It is discussed that the Jahn-Teller polarons get ordered in the stripes. The temperature dependent Cu K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) measurements reveal a particular change in the local lattice at the charge stripe ordering temperature in different superconducting cuprate systems. This response of the local lattice to the stripe charge ordering has been used to study oxygen isotope effect (16O yields 18O) in the La1.94Sr0.06CuO4 superconducting system. The results show that the isotope substitution introduces a large increase to the onset temperature of the charge-stripe ordering by approximately 60 K, providing a compelling evidence for the vital role of the electron-lattice interactions to be an important ingredient for the charge-stripe ordering in the high Tc cuprate superconductors.


The purpose of the present retrospective study was to analyze gender, age, awareness, etiology, and treatment choice in patients with failed eruption of the mandibular first molar. Radiographic material and dental records from 67 patients with 74 mandibular first molars with failed eruption treated during the years 2001-2014 were evaluated. As results, the prevalence of mandibular first molar with failed eruption was higher in males than females, and the average awareness age was 9.19 years old. The most common etiological cause was unknown, and the next most common causes were abnormal eruption pathway and odontogenic tumor in order. In this study, it is suggested that more dental education to children about the time of eruption of permanent tooth is required, and the importance of regular dental check-ups is emphasized during mixed dentition.


Interpretability in reflexive theories, especially in PA, has been studied in many papers; see e.g. [3], [6], [7], [10], [11], [15], [26]. It has been shown that reflexive theories exhibit many nice properties, e.g. (1) if T, S are recursively enumerable reflexive, then T is interpretable in S iff every Π1 sentence provable in T is provable in S; and (2) if S is reflexive, T is recursively enumerable and locally interpretable in S (i.e. every finite part of T is interpretable in S), then T is globally interpretable in S (Orey's theorem, cf. [3]). In this paper we want to study such statements for nonreflexive theories, especially for finitely axiomatizable theories (which are never reflexive). These theories behave differently, although they may be quite close to reflexive theories, as e.g. GB to ZF. An important fact is that in such theories one can define proper cuts. By a cut we mean a formula with one free variable which defines a nonempty initial segment of natural numbers closed under the successor function. The importance of cuts for interpretations in GB was realized already by Vopěnka and Hájek in [30]. Pioneering work was done by Solovay in [24]. There he developed the method of "shortening of cuts". Using this method it is possible to replace any cut by a cut which is contained in it and has some desirable additional properties; in particular it can be closed under + and ·. This introduces ambiguity in the concept of arithmetic in theories which admit proper cuts, namely, which cut (closed under + and ·) should be called the arithmetic of the theory? Cuts played the crucial role also in [20].


A new method of geometric modeling based on potential fields devised as a solution of an external Dirichlet problem for th e Laplace equation is presented. The PF method belongs to clas s of implicit modeling techniques, such as level sets and dist ance fields, and has an advantage of using smooth streamlines converging to threshold surfaces. We consider two differen t tasks with respect to the potential fields: (a) definition of solid models, and (b) proximity solutions applied to blending, texturing, of fsetting, collision control, and other practical problems. This study concerns both general computer graphics area and the needs of computer-added design in manufacturing. Two modeling approaches come close to our method: (a) convolution of skeletons [ BLOO], and (b) blobby objects [ BLIN] (to a lesser degree). We propose to use a Dirichlet problem's solution to obtain a more generalized definition of implicit surfaces. In this c ase, the implicit surface is generated as an equipotential solution of the Laplace equation with given boundary conditions which is essentially equivalent to using the double layer potential to generate an isosurface. The implicit definition of PF surfaces uses the convolution integral with a Green's function, G, as the convolution kernel, for a point p (x, y, z) on the equipotential surface, and a point q taken on the skeleton surface S that is charged with the density μ (q). To obtain the Dirichlet problem's solution, direct numerical methods (such as multigrid) are used as w ell. The following advantages are characteristic for the PF method: (a) allows for any skeleton body, including 3D soli ds; (b) density function provides a better control over the shape; (c) bulge-free; (d) uses either Green's function, or any direct num erical method; (e) not only "organic" shapes (incorporates sharp e dges/faces). In some cases, the method can be computationally co stly although it allows for parallel computing. To create a design surface, the following steps are tak n: (a) set generator body and assign potential to its surface, (b) set potential on design surface – size/shape co ntrol, (c) solve the Laplace's equation, (d) construct the isosurface. (e) adjust settings to obtain needed shapes (as sho wn below). Definitions of solid modeling functions are given includin g blending and imprinting (as the red and yellow models above illustrate). Motion under potential field forces can be used to solve some practical geometric problems associated with the PF object s. This modeling approach can be thought of as simulation of motion of a body "tool" in the vicinity of an object-target to solve such tasks as intersection of a solid body by a surface, intersection of shells of two bodies, collision det ection and tool's motion on target's surface, offset of the target's surface a nd others. We have found the PF method very promising also in animation of the evolving bodies. As an example, the Ferguson's topological series of sculptures was animated: two linked t orii with a common base are to be unlinked without tear (see below – courtesy H.Ferguson).


It was performed a searching on Sete Lagoas-MG, with the maize BR 106, to quantify the influence of micrometeorological variables, air temperature and photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), growth and development, in a canopy cultivated under no-tillage. The experiment was conducted on a pivot 38 ha in Embrapa Maize and Sorghum (Sete Lagoas-MG). The growth of the BR 106 was affected by variations in the canopy microclimate, characterized by extended periods of cloudiness and variations in the energy, especially light and air temperature, contributing to the ceilings of the main attributes ecophysiological growth were observed during periods which defines the size of the spike and the maximum dry matter accumulation by plants, and beginning the accumulation of starch in the endosperm of the grain. The accumulation of PAR intercepted was satisfactory relationship with the dry biomass and accumulated air may be a suitable parameter to quantify the biomass production of corn BR 106, using the coefficient α.


Purpose: We compared the dosimetric effects of brass mesh (Whiting and Davis, Attleboro Falls, MA) and Superflab (CNMC, Nashville, TN) boluses to verify equivalence between the two. Brass mesh bolus may be a convenient alternative to traditional bolus as it better conforms to the skin surface. Methods: Measurements were taken using a 6MV 10×10cm field produced by an Infinity linear accelerator (Elekta, Stockholm, Sweden) in a solid water phantom using a parallel plate ion chamber (Model 96035, Keithley Instruments, Cleveland, OH). Measurements compared 0.5cm and 1cm of Superflab to one to six layers of brass bolus mesh. Measurements were performed at depths from 0cm ('skin') to 10cm. Oblique beams were not studied. Results: Four layers of brass mesh were equivalent to 0.5cm Superflab within 5% at all depths. Six layers of brass compares most favorably with 0.5cm Superflab, with doses at all depths within 3%. Six layers of brass were not fully equivalent to 1cm Superflab, although the agreement was within 5% for depths greater than 3mm. Surface dose was 12% lower than 1cm Superflab. Surface dose can be up to 34% different between Superflab and brass mesh, but is less than 5% different with 4–6 layers of brass when compared to 0.5cm Superflab. To achieve surface dose agreement better than 5% compared to 1cm Superflab, more than 6 layers would be needed. The attenuation at depth was a maximum of 0.17cm per layer. Conclusion: Between four and six layers of brass mesh can be equivalent to 0.5cm Superflab, depending on the level of agreement desired. Equivalence within 5% at all depths to 1cm Superflab was not achieved even with six layers. This data agrees with measurements taken by Utsunomiya et al. (2010). More point measurements at shallower depths should be taken prior to clinical implementation of brass bolus mesh.


Kurtz, Glenn. 2007. Practicing: A musician's return to music. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. Levitin, Daniel J. 2006. This is your brain on music: The science of human obsession. New York: Dutton. Lusch, Robert F. and Stephen L. Vargo, eds. 2006. Toward a service-dominant logic of marketing: Continuing the discussion, debate, and dialog. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe. Nissanoff, Daniel. 2006. Futureshop: How to trade up to a luxury lifestyle today. New York: Penguin. Paterson, Mark. 2006. Consumption and everyday life. London: Routledge. Rapaille, Clotaire. 2006. The culture code. New York: Broadway Books. Ruhl, Sarah. 2006. The clean house and other plays. New York: Theatre Communication Group. Sassatelli, Roberta A. 2007. Consumer culture: History, theory and politics. Los Angeles: Sage. Schroeder, Jonathan E. and Miriam Salzer-Mörling. 2006. Brand culture. London: Routledge. Scott, Janet Lee. 2007. For gods, ghosts and ancestors: The Chinese tradition of paper offerings. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. Sheed, Wilfrid. 2007. The house that George built: With a little help from Irving, Cole, and a crew of about fifty. New York: Random House. Sheth, Jagdish N. and Sisodia S. Rajendra, eds. 2006. Does marketing need reform? Fresh perspectives on the future. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe. Smith, Virginia. 2007. Clean: A history of personal hygiene and purity. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. Sunderland, Patricia L. and Rita M. Denny. 2007. Doing anthropology in consumer research. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press. Thomas, Dana. 2007. Deluxe: How luxury lost its luster. New York: Penguin. Tisch, Jonathan M. and Karl Weber. 2007. Chocolates on the pillow aren't enough: Reinventing the customer experience. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. Truscott, Philip, ed. 2006. The data almanac 2006. New York: QStat USA. Turner, Fred. 2006. From counterculture to cyberculture: Stewart Brand, the whole Earth network, and the rise of digital utopianism. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Twitchell, James B. 2007. Shopping for God: How Christianity went from in your heart to in your face. New York: Simon & Schuster. Yeh, Wen-Hsin. 2007. Shanghai splendor: Economic sentiments and the making of modern China, 1843–1949. Berkeley: University of California Press. Yudkin, Jeremy. 2006. The Lenox School of Jazz: A vital chapter in the history of American music and race relations. South Egremont, MA: Farshaw Publishing. Whybrow, Peter C. 2006. American mania: When more is not enough. New York: W.W. Norton. Abrahamson, Eric and David, H. Freedman. 2006. A perfect mess: The hidden benefits of disorder. New York: Little Brown. Arvidsson, Adam. 2006. Brands: Meaning and value in media culture. London: Routledge. Barber, Benjamin R. 2007. Consumed: How markets corrupt children, infantalize adults, and swallow citizens whole. New York: W.W. Norton. Barron, James. 2006. Piano: The making of a Steinway Concert Grand. New York: Times Books. Brown, Stephen. 2006. Consuming books: The marketing and consumption of literature. London: Routledge. Brown, Stephen. 2006. The marketing code. Singapore: Marshall Cavendish Business and London: Cyan Communications Limited. Bull, Michael. 2006. Sound moves: iPod culture and urban experience. London: Routledge. Carú, Antonella and Bernard Cova, eds. 2007. Consuming experience. London: Routledge. Chadha, Radha and Paul Husband. 2006. The cult of the luxury brand: Inside Asia's love affair with luxury. London: Nicholas Brealy. Chaudhuri, Arjun. 2006. Emotion and reason in consumer behavior. Burlington, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann. Cochran, Sherman. 2006. Chinese medicine men: Consumer culture in China and Southeast Asia. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Dahlberg, Anne Marie, ed. 2006. Skor ger mer: Makt flärd magi [Eyes just for shoes]. Stockholm, Sweden: Royal Armory. Danesi, Marcel. 2006. Brands. London: Routledge. Domosh, Mona. 2006. American commodities in an age of empire. New York: Routledge. Healy, Kieran. 2006. Last best gifts: Altruism and the market for human blood and organs. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Hillis, Ken and Michael Petit, eds. 2006. Everyday eBay: Culture, collecting, and desire. London: Routledge. Holmes, Su and Sean Redmond, eds. 2006. Framing celebrity: New directions in celebrity culture. London: Routledge. Illouz, Eva. 2007. Cold intimacies: The making of emotional capitalism. London: Polity. Jacoby, Susan. 2008. The age of American unreason. New York: Pantheon. Jenkins, Henry. 2006. Convergence culture: Where old and new media collide. New York: New York University Press. Jenkins, Henry. 2006. Fans, bloggers, and gamers. New York: New York University Press. Kerner, Noah and Gene Pressman. 2007. Chasing cool: Standing out in today's cluttered marketplace. New York: Atria. Khurana, Rakesh. 2007. From higher aims to hired hands: The social transformation of American business schools and the unfulfilled promise of management as a profession. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Kolm, Serge-Christophe and Jean Mercier Ythier, eds. 2006. Handbook of the economics of giving, altruism and reciprocity, Vols. 1 and 2. Amsterdam: North-Holland. NEW BOOKS BOARD


The effect of anthraquinone disulfonate (AQDS) on the decolorization of the azo dye Reactive Red 198 (RR198) and the anthraquinone dye Reactive Blue 4 (RB4), as well as the effect of RB4 on the decolorization of RR198, both AQDS and RB4 serving as redox mediators, was assessed. An anaerobic, continuous-flow, fluidized-bed bioreactor with an immobilized halotolerant mixed culture was used in this study. All tests were performed at a reactor temperature of 35°C, a hydraulic retention time of 6.1 h, pH 7.2±0.1, with glucose used as the carbon and electron source. AQDS at relatively low influent concentrations (10–150 μM) enhanced the extent of RR198 reduction, but had a negligible effect on the biodecolorization of RB4. At an equal concentration of 50 µM, RB4 and AQDS had a similar enhancing effect on the biodecolorization of the azo dye RR198. Therefore, anthraquinone dyes can serve as redox mediators in mixed, spent textile dyebaths potentially leading to enhanced reductive biodecolorization rate and exten...


5 Abstract - Available studies show that environmental factors may influence how parents choose to commute their children from home to school. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the association between the characteristics of the physical and social environment near school and active commuting to school among preschool children. A school-based cross-sectional study with a sample of children aged 3 to 5 years (n=914) was undertaken. Participants were selected by a single-stage cluster sampling process. To obtain data on commuting to school and demographic and socioeconomic variables, a previously validated questionnaire was used while an audit tool was used to assess the environment near school. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the association and results were presented as Odds Ratio values. Results showed that 28.3% (95%CI 25.5-31.3) of the children were active commuters from home to school. A positive association was found between public transportation (p=0.002) and social environment (p=0.004) domains and active commuting. However, this association was found only among children from families that did not have a car. The likelihood of a child being an active commuter was higher among those who are enrolled in schools with better environmental surround- ings (OR=1.88; 95%CI 1.31-2.70). It was concluded that there was a positive association between some of the environmental factors near school and active commuting to school among children from families that did not have a car.


Abstract This review covers cyclic separation methods used for adsorption, ion exchange, and chromatographic separation processes where the cyclic parameter is a thermodynamic variable which changes the equilibrium distribution coefficients of the solutes. The cyclic methods reviewed include heatless or pressure-swing adsorption, parametric pumping, and cycling zone adsorption. These cyclic techniques have been studied as a possible preparative chromatographic separation method or for continuous production from adsorption or ion exchange columns.


Student centered active learning methodology of teaching is proved to be an effective method of teaching the millennial students. Intellectual property is critical to nurturing innovation in engineering domain and hence is a part of the engineering education curriculum. The course on Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) was traditionally taught with a teacher centered technique. Through this paper an attempt is made to teach IPR through different active learning techniques and analyze the outcomes. The results include the attainment of Program Outcome (POs) through the Course Outcomes (COs). The comparison of the attainment before and after adopting active learning techniques substantiates that the active learning methodology has catered the students in enhancing their ideas with respect to the nuances of IPR.


Based on the summation of various types of hospital development strategies,the article first analyzes the current problems that include weak conscious management,unscientific,superficial meaning and propaganda on hospital development strategies,and then determines the countermeasures like enhancing manager conscious,being scientific,enriching the meaning and increasing propagation power on the future strategic development of hospitals.


Williams et al. (1) investigated the changes in amounts of total mitochondrial protein and cytochromes in the liver of rats fed a protein-free diet for a long period, and found that there was a marked similarity between changes in amount of total mitochondrial protein and that of cytochromes. Present experiments were performed to clarify whether under a more mild protein-deficient state the relationships found by Williams are applicable or not by investigating the changes in contents of cytochromes per unit amount of mitochondrial protein when rats were fed a low case diet. A 4% casein diet was used as a low casein diet, and a 25% casein diet was used as a control diet. Rats were fed the test diets for 70 to 90 days. The results show that the contents of all cytochromes a, b, and c1 + c assayed and expressed as nmoles per mg of mitochondrial protein were significantly higher in rats fed a low casein diet than those in rats fed a control diet. These suggest that relationships found by Williams in a severe protein-deficient state would not be applicable in a more mild protein-deficient state.


Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is a major public health challenge globally. Children with diabetes face unique challenges as the impact of the illness reaches far beyond the physical symptoms of the disease. Emotional distress and psychosocial impact on the quality of life of these children complicates the effective management of their disease, which can lead to long term complications. This paper provides an overview of the psychosocial issues in T1DM by reviewing existing literature and summarizing evidence-based interventions. Based on the current empirical literature, a model that takes various psychosocial issues into consideration is proposed in order to provide better care to children with diabetes.


Summary The frequency of natural crossing in 1972 was estimated, in two subsets of a composite cross grown in F6 in Nairn and in Fife, as 2·61±0·25% and 4·59±0·35% respectively. The estimated inbreeding coefficients of the parental generations were less than would be expected if all types of pollination were equally fertile and gave equally fertile offspring.


Abstract To prevent carbon/carbon (C/C) composites from oxidation at high temperatures, a SiC whisker (SiCw) toughened MoSi2–SiC–Si coating was prepared on the C/C surface by a two step technique of slurry and pack cementation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis shows that, with the content of SiCw increasing, the dimensions and frequency of cracks in the coating decrease obviously. At the same time, the thickness and compact degree of the coating reduce with the increase of the SiCw content. Oxidation tests show that, as the content of SiCw is 10 wt-%, the coating possesses a better anti-oxidation property, and the weight loss of the coated sample is only 0˙8% after oxidation at 1773 K for 200 h. The weight loss of the as-coated C/C composites is primarily due to the reaction of the C/C matrix and oxygen diffusing through the penetration cracks and holes in the coating.


When we adopt the phenomenological attitude, our habitual, taken-for-granted understandings are bracketed. For Husserl, (1936/1970, 1962/1977), the reduction, including the epoché, is a radical self-meditative process whereby the philosopher puts aside the natural, taken-for-granted everyday world and any interpretations in order to let the phenomenon show itself in its essence. As part of this disciplined approach, past knowledge (specifically theoretical or scientific understandings) and ontological assumptions (including that of the thing "really" existing) need to be held in abeyance. But Husserl went further, arguing for a transcendental reduction whereby the philosopher was thought to be able to stand aside from both subjective experience and ego and view the world as a pure, essential consciousness. For Husserl, these reductions as a whole means that "I stand above the world, which has now become for me, in a quite peculiar sense, a phenomenon" (Husserl, 1936/1970 p.152).


PLL design in order to keep specific frequency in this paper. Used PFD(Phase Frequency Detector) circuit is improved Conventional Circuit. Used charge pump and Loop Filter is Negative feedback differential Circuit. Use 5stages Ring Oscillator VCO in order to obtain exact frequency and design divider using D-FF in order to divide frequency. Designed PLL used standard CMOS 0.18㎛ processes and supply voltage is 1.8v and input Oscillator frequency is 20㎒, output frequncy is 800㎒ and we simulate using Hspice of Synopsys. The whole chip occupies the area of 290 ㎜ × 160㎜.


Efficiently exploiting parallelism remains a challenging problem in multicore processors. For many algorithms, executing tasks in some priority order results in a work-efficient execution. However, searching high-priority tasks requires communication that hampers performance. A concurrent priority scheduler (CPS) selects high-priority tasks and schedules them on different cores. Modern CPS designs offer various strategies to select high-priority tasks at low communication cost for improved performance. However, they do not explicitly track the priority of tasks and cannot adjust task distribution if the cores are processing low-priority tasks. Moreover, they cannot estimate the right amount of communication required to select high-priority tasks. This paper critically observes that the cores' priority drift can be quantified and used for better performance. A novel CPS design, HD-CPS is proposed to use priority as a signal to optimize drift and communication at runtime. Furthermore, compute-intensive task transfer and processing aspects of the CPS are offloaded to per-core local hardware at a low cost to enhance performance. HD-CPS is shown to consistently improve performance over several state-of-the-art software-based and hardware-assisted CPS designs. With hardware-assist, it approaches near-linear performance scaling as a function of core counts for large shared-memory multicores.


The invention discloses a kind of sulphur system semisolid lithium battery and preparation method thereof, which is stacked and is formed by semisolid sulphur system anode, semisolid electrolyte and lithium piece cathode;The semisolid sulphur system anode is first to be mixed into semisolid by containing lithium salts polymer, sulphur based material, carbonaceous conductive agent, then formed as collector using aluminium foil or nickel screen;The semisolid electrolyte is formed by porous inorganic oxide and mixed with polymers containing lithium salts;This, which contains lithium salts polymer, is mixed with lithium salts by flowable state polymer.Compound semisolid electrolyte provided by the invention and polymer containing lithium salts and the compound semisolid sulphur system of sulphur based material are positive, by inorganic material high mechanical strength, stability it is good with polymer material flexibility is good, interfacial contact is good, ionic conductivity is high the advantages that be combined, improve the energy storage stability of the ionic conductivity and sulphur system anode of electrolyte, first discharge specific capacity is 375 mAh/g, discharge platform is more than 2V, energy storage mechanism is novel, is a kind of accumulation power supply that practical potentiality are larger.


A large gap has opened up between expectations about the value of business model reconfiguration (BMR) and the evidence to support these views. To help close this gap, this paper examines the relationship between BMR and the performance of incumbent firms. We investigate this relation using regression analysis and unique survey data from a sample of 198 publicly-traded UK and US knowledge-intensive business service firms. We find that BMR, on average, has no effect on firm performance. However, we estimate an inverted U-shaped relation between the scope of BMR and performance for firms which are also engaged in technological innovation. We also show that, unlike firms in general, high performing firms tend to experience increasing returns to BMR. These findings contribute to the innovation and the emerging business model literatures by highlighting both the costs and the benefits associated with BMR, by developing a new measurement scale for BMR, and by elucidating the contingent nature of the BMR-perform...


Although tremendous progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms leading to cancer, those governing metastases are still poorly understood. E-cadherin (Ecad) is a cell-cell adhesion molecule essential for tissue homeostasis, and its loss often correlates with the dissemination of human cancers. However, whether and how the loss of Ecad triggers the full metastatic program is largely unknown. Here, we show that the loss of Ecad promotes melanoma lung metastases in females. The loss of Ecad, after the induction of estrogen receptor α (ERα) expression, activates gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) expression. GRPR promotes cellular processes essential for metastasis formation through G□q and YAP1 signaling and its pharmacological inhibition reduces metastasis in vivo. This study reveals an Ecad-ERα-GRPR metastatic sex dimorphism axis in melanoma that is conserved in human breast cancer and provides proof of concept that the G-coupled receptor GRPR is a therapeutic target for metastasis.


The activities of monocyte-derived tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β are potentially modified by IL-1RA and soluble receptors for TNF (sTNF-R), which are themselves monocyte pro...


The pedunculate cirriped, Octolasmis stella (Annandale), was found to occur in large numbers on the gills of spiny lobster, Puerulus sewelli Ramadan, caught at depths of 200-300 m off the Kerala coast. Even among the cirripeds attached to a single gill of Puerulus, variation in the form of the capitulum was observed (Dinamani 1964). The nature of this variation is examined in this paper, together with certain observations on the mode of attachment and orientation of the cirriped. The distribution of cirripeds on a typical podobranch of Puerulus is shown in Fig. 1, and also, in separate frames, the form of the capitulum of the cirriped (labelled A-D) occurring in different regions of the gill. In those forms occurring on the base of the gill (form A), the tergum is a somewhat irregular plate with shallow notches and projections, one of the notches (scutal margin) accommodating the rounded tip of the occludent arm of the scutum, the scutal and carinal valves are robust plates with small primordia in each. In forms occurring immediately below the region of the gill bearing filaments (form B), the tergal notch has become deeper and is separated from the tip of the scutal arm by a gap. The projections of the tergal plate are also more in the form of rays, while the basal arm of the scutum and the forks of the carina are not as well developed as in form A. In Octolasmis occurring on the gill proper between the gill filaments (form C), the tergal notch is turned away from the scutum and towards the aperture, and the rays of the tergal valve, particularly the median ray, are elongated. Variation in the same direction results in form D growing near the tip of the gill, where the tergal notch has rotated further towards the aperture and the elongated median ray makes contact with the tip of the occludent scutal arm. Also in forms C and D, the valves are generally thin and delicate, particularly the basal arm of the scutum and the tines of the carinal fork. The valves also have larger primordia and are only faintly calcified. The angle which the occludent arm of the scutum makes with the basal arm increases from form A to form D, becoming nearly vertical in forms C and D at the tip of the gill. The variation in the capitular valves thus shows two features: (i) a gradual reduction in the mass/area of the plates as the cirripeds move inwards into the branchial chamber of the lobster, and, correspondingly, (ii) a change in the pattern of the skeletal support of the capitulum, from a ring of closely fitting thick plates to one forming a delicate support of the peripheral regions of the capitulum. The change in the pattern of the capitular plates is clearly indicated in the shifting of the scutal margin of the tergum and its median ray. These regions of the tergum face anteriorly in form A, but gradually shift ventrally (forms B and C), and eventually face the aperture (form D). However, both the above features are concomitant changes, and, it is apparent, arise from the need for more protection by way of shell armament in those more exposed (as in cirripeds occurring near


Why restore primary teeth? Our child patients deserve the best dental treatment that clinicians can provide as any treatment – preventive or restorative – will shape their dental future. The objective of any restorative treatment is to: ● Repair or limit the damage of dental caries. ● Protect and preserve remaining the pulp and remaining tooth structure. ● Ensure adequate function. ● Restore aesthetics (where applicable). ● Provide ease in maintaining good oral hygiene. In addition restoring primary teeth ensures that the natural spaces in the child's primary dentition are retained for the developing permanent dentition.


Within a generalized non-relativistic Fermi-liquid approach we have found general analytical formulae for phase-transition temperatures Tc,1(n, H) and Tc,2(n, H) (which are nonlinear functions of density, n, and linear of magnetic field, H) for phase transitions in spatially uniform, dense, pure neutron matter from normal to superfluid states with spin-triplet p-wave pairing (similar to anisotropic superfluid phases 3He - A1 and 3He - A2) in steady and homogeneous sufficiently strong magnetic field (but |µn|H ≪ Ec < ɛF(n), where µn is the magnetic dipole moment of a neutron, Ec is the cutoff energy and ɛF(n)is the Fermi energy in neutron matter). General formulae for Tc,1,2(n,H) are valid for arbitrary parameterization of the effective Skyrme forces in neutron matter. We have used for definiteness the so-called SLy2, Gs and RATP parameterizations of the Skyrme forces with different exponents in their power dependence on density n (at sub- and supranuclear densities) from the interval 0.7 n0 ≲ n < nc(Skyrme)< 2 n0, where n0 =0.17 fm−3 is the nuclear density and nc(Skyrme)is the the critical density of the ferromagnetic instability in superfluid neutron matter. These phase transitions might exist in the liquid outer core of magnetized neutron stars.


We consider a single-server queue with exponential service time and two types of arrivals: positive and negative. Positive customers are regular ones who form a queue and a negative arrival has the effect of removing a positive customer in the system. In many applications, it might be more appropriate to assume the dependence between positive arrival and negative arrival. In order to reflect the dependence, we assume that the positive arrivals and negative arrivals are governed by a finite-state Markov chain with two absorbing states, say 0 and 0′. The epoch of absorption to the states 0 and 0′ corresponds to an arrival of positive and negative customers, respectively. The Markov chain is then instantly restarted in a transient state, where the selection of the new state is allowed to depend on the state from which absorption occurred. The Laplace–Stieltjes transforms (LSTs) of the sojourn time distribution of a customer, jointly with the probability that the customer completes his service without being removed, are derived under the combinations of service disciplines FCFS and LCFS and the removal strategies RCE and RCH. The service distribution of phase type is also considered.


ABSTRACT We analyzed the social structure, sexual dimorphism and relative growth in the burrowing shrimp Callichirus seilacheri from the tropical eastern Pacific. To this end, 456 individuals of C. seilacheri were collected during monthly sampling from December 2011 to November 2012. No shrimp pairs or burrows inhabited by more than one shrimp were detected during the study period. Males were significantly smaller than females, denoting sexual dimorphism with respect to body size. In many juvenile males and females, the size of the right and left claws was the same, whereas in others the largest cheliped was located on the right or left side. Analysis of allometric growth between cheliped carpus length and cephalothorax length revealed an isometric relationship in juveniles of both sexes and adult females and positive allometric growth in adult males. The adjustment of the above relationship by the Somerton's method, denoted the existence of two main phases of growth related to sexual maturity, with transition points between juvenile and adult phase at 12.3 mm and 12.0 mm of body size for males and females, respectively. The observations on social structure, sexual dimorphism and relative growth of C. seilacheri argued that this species is polygamous. Furthermore, the high frequency of solitary females found brooding embryos suggested that males might roam among galleries in search of receptive females.


Magnetic Resonance Imaging is used for evaluation of bone in Gaucher disease (GD), but a widely available quantitative scoring method remains elusive.


A brief overview of the current methods used to preserve digital works has us realize that they strive to make material states durable. This article introduces the lability phenomenon, which is the technical and semiotic dependence of the result displayed during the reading on the technological context of execution of the program, which prevents us from defining a precise state to preserve. Lability is considered as a fundamental, indispensable and unpredictable feature of "private reading" productions, which are designed to be read on the reader's equipment. Besides, some works induce a disjuncture between reception and digital reading, introducing meta-readings that sometimes implement some of the work's contexts, including its lability. The Spinozist ontology then provides us with the necessary heuristics to design preservation in terms of "the possibility to update a power to act," rather than making a materiality durable.


The model of grey multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) is studied, in which the attribute values are grey numbers. Based on the generalized dominance-based rough set approach ( G-DR-SA), a synthetic security evaluation method is presented. With the grey MAGDM security evaluation model as its foundation, the extension of technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) integrates the evaluation of each decision-maker (DM) into a group's consensus and obtains the expected evaluation results of information system. Via the quality of sorting (QoS) of G-DRSA, the inherent information hidden in data is uncovered, and the security attribute weight and DMs' weight are rationally obtained. Taking the computer networks in a certain university as objects, the example illustrates that this method can effectively remove the bottleneck of the grey MAGDM model and has practical significance in the synthetic security evaluation.


This study aimed to describe treatment settings and interventions provided by adolescent forensic inpatient units in four Northern European countries. Data were collected with the Monitoring Area and Phase System (MAPS). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative methods. Results showed that there were differences in intake criteria and in theoretical orientation between the units studied. In addition, there were differences in treatment focus. The results can be used in service planning and provision of care in adolescent forensic setting. Exchange of information cross-nationally facilitates the advancement of knowledge and sets parameters for education in the clinical forensic setting.


The concentration of microorganisms in the vicinity of a submerged marine outfall is governed by diultion and decay processes. Dilution is a physical process related to the hydraulic characteristics of the site. Decay of microorganisms is a highly complex process involving chemical, physical, and biological processes. Although the microorganism decay process has long been recognized, it is still poorly understood. The few studies of microorganism survival in cold climates deal mostly with freshwater environments. The study reported herein involved investigations of microorganism survival under ice-covered conditions from a submerged marine wastewater outfall in Rankin Inlet, Northwest Territories, Canada. Microorganism sampling and analyses for total and fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci were conducted. After accounting for physical dilution by developing a simple mixing model based on dye tracer tests, the data indicated that microorganism decay rates were significantly lower than those reported in more temperature climates. Observed decay rates were similar to those reported in ice-covered rivers.


Simple Summary Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a viral disease of domestic and wild small ruminants. Due to its severe socioeconomic consequences for endemic countries across Africa, the Middle East and Asia, along with its threat posed to biodiversity, PPR is currently the target of a Global Eradication Program (PPR GEP), aimed at eradicating the disease by 2030. This review provides an overview of the progress of eradication activities throughout the Middle East, aiming to raise awareness and inform the next phases of PPR GEP in the region. PPR is either confirmed or suspected to be present in most of the fifteen considered countries, stretching from Egypt to the Islamic Republic of Iran. Some notable gaps are however apparent in surveillance capacity, hampering a full understanding of the epidemiological situation. Moreover, the vaccination campaigns and other control measures undertaken by many countries also appear insufficient in effectively reducing PPR incidence. To overcome these hindrances, the next phases of the PPR GEP should focus on the cooperation and coordination of control efforts, which are indispensable to achieve PPR freedom at the regional level. Abstract Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a burdensome viral disease primarily affecting small ruminants, which is currently targeted for eradication by 2030 through the implementation of a Global Control and Eradication Strategy (PPR GCES). The PPR GCES, launched in 2015, has strongly encouraged countries to participate in Regional PPR Roadmaps, designated according to the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) regions and epidemiological considerations, with each targeted by dedicated meetings and activities. Following the conclusion of the first phase of the PPR Global Eradication Program (PPR GEP) (2017–2021), the present work focuses on the disease situation and status of the eradication campaign in the fourteen countries of the PPR GCES Middle Eastern Roadmap as well as Egypt. PPR is endemic to or suspected to be present in most of the region, except for Bahrain, which, as of 2021, is preparing to apply for official recognition as being free of PPR. Some substantial shortcomings are observed in surveillance and disease reporting, as well as in the implemented control strategies, most notably vaccination. Since many of these limitations are shared by many of the investigated countries, the international cooperation and harmonization of control efforts appears crucial to making PPR eradication attainable in the Middle East.


PURPOSE: To provide a negative potential detecting circuit which is superior in detection sensitivity and current consumption while simplifying circuit design and pressure-resistant design, and a semiconductor memory provided with the negative potential detecting circuit. CONSTITUTION: This circuit is provided with an output terminal of a constant current source 10 receiving an external power source Vcc and outputting a constant current I, resistors R10, R11 connected in series between a negative potential power source generating a negative potential VBBO and the constant current source 10, a connection node V1 of these resistors R10 and R11, a resistor 12 connected between the reference power source generating a constant potential Vx and the V1 and an operation amplifier OP10 detecting a level of the negative potential VBBO by comparing potential of the constant current source 10 and the resistor 10 with the reference potential Vref.


In India non-communicable diseases contribute substantially to disease burden. Infectious diseases and under-nutrition are also widespread. Inadequate nutrition is the major cause of morbidity as well as mortality in Indian children. Prevalence of underweight and stunting is high. We assessed anthropometric morbidity (underweight, stunting and wasting) among children from 0 (at birth) to 18 years of age in Dervan area of KOKAN region. Methods: Data on anthropometric measurements (height, weight, BMI) of 32138 children was collected over a period of 8 years as a part of various holistic education programs run by the hospital in the surrounding communities. The nutritional status of children was assessed using WHO definition of low birth weight, stunting, underweight and wasting. Results: At birth Prevalence of low birth weight and wasting remained similar over 3 successive years (43%, 46% and 42%) but that of stunting decreased (49%, 41% and 37%) and underweight increased (25%, 33%, 33%). During early and late childhood the prevalence of stunting continued to increase, while that of underweight and wasting continued to decrease over a period of 8 years. Stunting was on the rise while underweight was on decline in adolescence over a period of 8 years. Conclusion: Almost one third of children in DERVAN area were underweight and stunted. For the attainment of best possible nutrition and growth in children, there is a need to develop strategies which are short term (nutritional interventions and reducing the risk factors) as well as long term (poverty reduction and improved food security) birth weight and the results showed the inverse association of birthweight with risk of type2 diabetes in adult life [8]. Ultimately these Low birth weight infants grow to become undernourished and stunted children. The global rise in the prevalence of obesity and type2 diabetes is often attributed to changes in diet (frequent consumption of calorically dense foods) and sedentary lifestyles (physical inactivity) [9]. Epidemiological studies in humans [10] and animal studies [11] have now shown that nutritional insults in early life affect metabolic and physiological functions throughout life. An evaluation of childhood growth provides useful insights into the nutrition and health situation not only of individuals but also of entire population groups. It demonstrates how such data, when used judiciously, can permit the identification of risk groups, contribute to the development of appropriate food and nutrition policies, and serve as a baseline against which change over time can be realistically evaluated.


Application of high temperature difference in chilled water system can save energy, but the technique has its applicability.High temperature difference in chilled water system can reduce energy consumption, however it can also increase energy demand for chiller because of lowering evaporation temperature.The authors study the applicability of high temperature difference technique by trade - off of both benefit and loss, and propose simple methods for techno - economic analysis with the consideration of capital and operation cost..


It was acknowledged that public hospital should pursuit public interest,whereas the definition of "public interest" was still unclear,which may eventually hampered public hospital reform.From the perspective of public finance this article explained the differences between public interest which public hospital should have and private interest,and illuminated the relationship between public interest and economic income of public hospital.


FIELD: medicine, pharmaceutics. SUBSTANCE: invention refers to biotechnology, namely to leukolectins, and can be used in medicine. What is prepared is the polypeptide leukolectin characterised by SEQ ID NO:1-8. The recombinant preparation is ensured by using a nucleic acid coding it and integrated into an expression vector which is used to transform a host cell. Testing absence-presence or determining an amount of the polypeptide leukolectin are ensured by using an antibody or an antigen-binding fragment of a variable region of the above antibody which is specifically bound to the polypeptide leukolectin. The polypeptide leukolectin or the nucleic acid coding it are used as ingredients of a pharmaceutical composition in therapy of pathological disorders of skin and mucous membranes. EFFECT: invention enables treating or preventing autoimmune disorders of skin, inflammatory diseases of skin or mucous membrane, or injured skin in an animal effectively. 16 cl, 19 dwg, 3 tbl, 12 ex


A simultaneous, contextual experimental demonstration of the two processes of cloning an input qubit vertical bar {psi}> and of flipping it into the orthogonal qubit vertical bar {psi}{sup perpendicular>} is reported. The adopted experimental apparatus, a quantum-injected optical parametric amplifier is transformed simultaneously into a universal optimal quantum cloning machine and into a universal-NOT quantum-information gate. The two processes, indeed forbidden in their exact form for fundamental quantum limitations, were found to be universal and optimal, i.e., the measured fidelity of both processes F<1 was found close to the limit values evaluated by quantum theory. A contextual theoretical and experimental investigation of these processes, which may represent the basic difference between the classical and the quantum worlds, can reveal in a unifying manner the detailed structure of quantum information. It may also enlighten the yet little explored interconnections of fundamental axiomatic properties within the deep structure of quantum mechanics.


In order to get the optimization structural parameters of the cutting the screw thread type low-cost energy-absorbing structures which is appropriate for medium car,Design parameters of low-cost screw shear energy absorption device which is matched to the car(total mass =2 500 kg) is to be optimized.Through using the method of orthogonal design,the model is established and analyzed by the finite element method.The results show that the optimal results are significantly affected by the thread shears width and shear height.That indicates the larger shear width,the larger thread shear stress;the acceleration will increase 50 m/s2 with the thread cross-section widths increasing 0.1 mm;the formation of thread shear metal is directly affected by the thread shear location.


This paper studies the estimation of high-dimensional, discrete, possibly sparse, mixture models in topic models. The data consists of observed multinomial counts of $p$ words across $n$ independent documents. In topic models, the $p\times n$ expected word frequency matrix is assumed to be factorized as a $p\times K$ word-topic matrix $A$ and a $K\times n$ topic-document matrix $T$. Since columns of both matrices represent conditional probabilities belonging to probability simplices, columns of $A$ are viewed as $p$-dimensional mixture components that are common to all documents while columns of $T$ are viewed as the $K$-dimensional mixture weights that are document specific and are allowed to be sparse. The main interest is to provide sharp, finite sample, $\ell_1$-norm convergence rates for estimators of the mixture weights $T$ when $A$ is either known or unknown. For known $A$, we suggest MLE estimation of $T$. Our non-standard analysis of the MLE not only establishes its $\ell_1$ convergence rate, but reveals a remarkable property: the MLE, with no extra regularization, can be exactly sparse and contain the true zero pattern of $T$. We further show that the MLE is both minimax optimal and adaptive to the unknown sparsity in a large class of sparse topic distributions. When $A$ is unknown, we estimate $T$ by optimizing the likelihood function corresponding to a plug in, generic, estimator $\hat{A}$ of $A$. For any estimator $\hat{A}$ that satisfies carefully detailed conditions for proximity to $A$, the resulting estimator of $T$ is shown to retain the properties established for the MLE. The ambient dimensions $K$ and $p$ are allowed to grow with the sample sizes. Our application is to the estimation of 1-Wasserstein distances between document generating distributions. We propose, estimate and analyze new 1-Wasserstein distances between two probabilistic document representations.


Jadu worked with Kingston to design a new, mobile first responsive website focussed on channel shift, to encourage residents to self serve online.


Linear models have been derived for this system running around a fixed operating point. For simulation purposes, we will assume that the operating point corresponds to a valve opening of 50. With the steam valve opening constrained to the range [0, 100], it means that on the simulated system the valve opening will be in the range [−50, 50]. Simulating deviations from the moisture set point, the simulated set point will thus be zero. The steam system is represented by the following transfer function:


This study is part of a larger research project designed to investigate social studies teaching at middle and high school levels in Turkey. This paper assesses curriculum implementation in social studies courses at middle school level from the perspectives of teachers and students. The study design included 88 middle schools in 22 provinces representing the seven geographic regions in Turkey. Social studies teachers of history, geography, and civics in all of the schools at all three grade levels were asked to participate and a stratified random sample of students were selected to represent all grade levels and courses. Two separate questionnaires were designed for the two groups to explore their perceptions of the teaching and learning process in social studies courses. Results are organized under three parts: (1) teachers' perceptions of the curriculum guidelines they use; (2) teachers' and students' assessments of the teaching and learning process in social studies courses in terms of teaching/learning activities, instructional materials, types of assignments and evaluation methods used; and (3) the impact of social studies courses on students from their point of view. (EH) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ***********************************************************************


Through a questionnaire survey in 5 universities or colleges in Nanjing and Zhenjiang,the authors investigate the basic conditions of college teachers' mental stress and its causes.The study shows that the problem of feeling too much pressure is prevalent in the teachers,and the main reasons that cause the stress are as follows: their living condition is still not satisfied;they are short of research fund,teaching facility,opportunity to do scientific intercourses,and information and materials;the assessment to evaluate their teaching and professional research is not standard and fair;and school organizational climate is limited to supporting them.Hence,the paper suggests that mutual efforts from both their college and themselves should be devoted to the stress management and to the improvement of the ability to deal with it.


Management decisions in the system of motivation of the labor activity of personnel entail certain personnel risks, the consequences of which may have a different nature for the enterprise, especially during the crisis period. The article presents the main concepts and possible personnel risks in organizing the process of motivating work and stimulating the work of employees.


Yehuda Amichai is one of the twentieth century's (and Israel's) leading poets. Historically, Amichai belongs to the group of writers who founded "Israeli literature" in the 1950s and early '60s, and were dubbed the "Generation of the State" because they were the first authors to publish in the State of Israel after it was established. Amichai and his peers rebelled against their predecessors' grandiose, ideological verse and proclaimed that "understatement" and individualism would be two of their guiding principles. While doing research for my book, Yehuda Amichai: The Making of Israel's National Poet (UPNE, 2008), I discovered 100 love letters that Amichai sent from Haifa to New York during 1947–1948. These are both a literary account and a historical testimony of great value. Amichai's portraits of Haifa during those months have never been discussed. In this article, I describe the way the letters bring to life Haifa's magnificent landscapes and the struggle of the Jewish city from Amichai's unique point of view.


New polvfunctional benzimidazole derivatives of pharmaceutical interest were prepared starting from 2cvanomethylbenzimidazole-2.2-dicarboxaldehyde which reacts easily with different active methylene compounds and some of nucleophilic reagents. The addition predominantly lead to the cyclic products in competition with the condensation reaction. In t roduct ion: The synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives"' has found considerable interest as a component of biological active compounds. ' and in vitro anti-HIV. As an extension of our recent work on the synthesis of such expected important biological active components." we report herein on the synthesis of new polysubstituted benzimidazole derivatives starting with 2-cyanomethylbenzimidazole-2,2-dicarboxaldehyde. Results and Discussion: Thus, the α-cyanoaldehyde 1 reacts easily with hydrazine hydrate 2a in ethanol at room temperature to yield the Schiff base 3a in 85% yield. However, in the presence of piperidine at reflux temperature the pvrazole derivative 4a was obtained in 75 % yield. On (he other hand, the Schiff base 3a was cyclized to 4a in 65 % yield by reflux in ethanolic piperidine solution, (Scheme 1). The IR spectrum of 3a showed the presence of absorption bands at ν 1642-1690, 2204, 3217 and 3313-3422 crn 'due to CHO, CN, NH and NH2 groups. The 'H NMR spectrum (CDC13) of 3a showed signals at δ 6.3, 7.0-7.5 and 8.3 ppm assigned for NH2 , aromatic, NH and CHO protons. However, the IR spectrum of 4a showed the absence of the characteristic absorption of the CN function. The MS of 3a showed m/z at 229 (M + 2, 18), 212 (M-NH. 100), 199 (M-CO, 33), 170 (M-H2-CO-HCN, 82), 157 (31) and 143 (30%). The MS of 4a showed m/z at 227 (Nf, 37), 199 (M-CO, 15), 157 (199-N3, 33) and 111 (34%). The [ H NMR spectrum (DMSO)of 4a showed signals at £6.5, 7.1-7.8. 8.9 ppm assigned for NH2, aromatic. NH and CHO protons, respectively. From the above spectroscopic data, it seems that the addition to the cyano function is liighly like than the condensation reaction would afford 5, as shown in Scheme 1. Similarly, compound 1 reacts directly with substituted hydrazine 2b-d under the same reaction conditions to yield 3b-d and 4b-d, (c.f . Scheme 1) Vol. 7, No..5, 2001 A mild and efficient synthesis of new benzimidaiole derivatives via a one-pot reaction. An addition versus condensation reaction


This paper analyzes the active functions of the activities of college students association on promoting.And then,points out some problems existing in the construction of student society under the current system and management model,and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions on how to enhance student′s employment and entrepreneurial capability by joining student associations.


The advent of novel immunosuppressive strategies in renal transplantation, with immunomodulatory properties, might facilitate long‐term allograft survival. T‐cell depletion, costimulation‐blockade and mTor inhibition have been shown to favour anti‐donor hyporesponsiveness. Recently, the combination of rATG, belatacept (Bela) and sirolimus (SRL) has been used in kidney transplantation, showing very low incidence of acute rejection and excellent 12‐month graft and patient survival. Herein, we have analysed the 1‐year evolution of memory/effector and regulatory T cells and assessed the donor‐specific T‐cell alloimmune response in a group of these patients and compared with others treated with a calcineurin‐inhibitor(CNI)‐based (rATG/tacrolimus/MMF), and two other Bela‐based regimens (rATG/Bela/MMF and basiliximab/Bela/MMF/steroids). During the first year after transplantation, patients receiving rATG/Bela/SRL had significantly higher percentage of Tregs upon the memory T‐cell compartment and showed a potent anti‐donor suppressive activity. In an in vitro naive and memory/effector T‐cell co‐culture, the combination of costimulation‐blockade and SRL could abrogate both antigen‐specific T‐cell responses as efficiently as using a CNI drug. The combination of T‐cell depletion, costimulation‐blockade and mTor inhibition seems to be able to allow Treg survival and inhibit donor‐specific alloreactive effector immune responses after kidney transplantation in humans.


(57) Abstract: The present patent, among other things, describe when X = lysine and Y = serine, the peptide of general sequence X-Thr-Thr-Lys-Y, the use in cosmetics or skin medicines construct it is intended. Furthermore, it is advantageous to use a combination of these peptides with one another. To enhance their activity and stability, peptide, in order to improve the lipophilic, of the fatty acid chain, or by esterification or amidation of C- terminal carboxyl group of Y, the X N- by grafting the terminal amine is then chemically altered. Peptides, synthesized by, biotechnology, or may be obtained by controlled hydrolysis of vegetable proteins. Acquired the construct, scarring, to facilitate retention wetting, and, for all care skin, it is advantageously used. It is especially against the formation and worsening of wrinkles and natural or accelerated (sunburn, pollution) for all the results of aging of the skin, and also acts in the drying of the skin .


In islanded microgrid, fluctuating operations and intermittency of renewable energy sources (RES) are the challenges of its operation. When droop control is applied on fossil-fueled generator, those challenges can be overcome. However, droop control makes the system working outside the permissible frequency range. Installing battery energy storage system (BESS) could be an option of frequency problem which its ability to regulate the frequency. In BESS operation, battery state-of-charge (SOC) is an important issue since it reflects BESS availability. Hence, a proper of BESS control is needed that it can participate actively to the system called Load Frequency Control (LFC). Furthermore, SOC control in BESS should be included to ensure BESS availability. In this paper, a BESS control that able to regulate system frequency and keep its SOC in certain range is introduced. In order to actualize these functions, shifted-LFC is used. This control will be simulated on diesel-fueled generator-photovoltaic (PV)-BESS microgrid system to observe the impact of installing the proposed control. Under this control, BESS can participate in regulating microgrid frequency and maintaining SOC level within a certain range


Objective:To study the sleep improvement effect of instant asparagus powder on mice.Methods:Healthy KM male mice with the body weight of 18~22g were divided into groups randomly,then mice were gavaged with the different dosage of instant asparagus powder and jujubosided respectively everyday,and the direct sleep effect of the test material on mice were observed.30d later,the hypnosis test under subthreshold dose of Sodium Pentobarbital,the incubation period test with Barbital Sodium and the sleep extending test with Sodium Pentobarbital were conducted.Results:The sleep rate of low,medium and high dose group of instant asparagus powder were 25.00%,33.33% and 41.67% respectively,significantly raised the sleep rate comparing with the control group,it showed that the instant asparagus powder had hypnotic effect under the threshold hypnotic dosage of pentobarbital sodium.The sleeping incubation period of low,medium and high dose group of instant asparagus powder were 23.09,20.29,20.22min respectively,compared with the control group time 32.36min,instant asparagus powder significantly shorten the sleep incubation period of mice.The sleep time of low,medium and high dose group of instant asparagus powder were 35.89,40.62,45.78min respectively,the result showed that instant asparagus powder could significantly prolong sleep time that induced by pentobarbital sodium.Conclusion:Instant asparagus powder could improve the sleeping quality of mice.


1. Santaemilia, José Woman and Translation: Geographies, Voices, Identities (English and Spanish versions) MonTI 3 (2011), pp. 9-49. Much has been written about gender, sex and translation; and much more will be written. In particular, much has been written in the last few decades about women and translation. Since the appearance of two fundamental texts —Gender in Translation: Cultural Identity and the Politics of Transmission (1996), by Sherry Simon; and Translation and Gender: Translating in the 'Era of Feminism' (1997), by Luise von Flotow— up until nowadays, a long list of publications, which explore increasingly more aspects, has followed. Nevertheless, we realize that, when in the early 21st century we aim to reflect upon the intersection between woman and translation, we find ourselves immersed in an ambiguous territory that is difficult to define, that is suggestive yet full of possibilities and dangers too. Both translation and gender studies have proved to be courageous and daring disciplines, which have not hesitated to project themselves onto other epistemological horizons. Neither of them has remained inwards looking; instead, they have searched hard for new horizons and affinities. Deconstruction, post-colonialism, cultural studies and feminism, amongst others, are apt testimonies.


Baek GH, Chung MS, Kwon BC, Ahn BW (2002). Fracture of the index sesamoid. A case report. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica, 73: 715–716. Goldberg I, Nathan H (1987). Anatomy and pathology of the sesamoid bones. The hand compared to the foot. International Orthopedics, 11: 141–147. Lang CJ, Lourie GM (1999). Sesamoiditis of the index finger presenting as acute suppurative flexor tenosynovitis. Journal of Hand Surgery, 24A: 1327–1330. Van Asch Y, Vreugde M, Brabants K (2005). Atraumatic avascular necrosis of an index sesamoid. Chirurgie de la Main, 24: 251–253. Wood VE (1984). The sesamoid bones of the hand and their pathology. Journal of Hand Surgery, 9B: 261–264.


Abstract This paper describes a systematic engineering risk assessment methodology for analysing the main power plant operating risks in terms of plant safety and availability. The engineering risk assessment methodology has been applied to plant procurement, operation and maintenance of individual power plants and a power plant portfolio. Detailed examples of its application to the objective management of technical risk thereby reducing the value at risk in a business, improving maintenance expenditure and reducing downtime are provided for combined cycle gas turbines, combined heat and power schemes and large coal fired plants.


The work describes the computing cluster for early fault prognosis and estimates of RUL for technical objects: wind turbines, internal combustion engines, gas turbine, etc. Basic functions of the cluster, consisting of the algorithms are described: Preventive smart monitoring to detect signs of failure; Definition of computing models of the time evolution of features and accurate RUL estimate; Analysis of telemetry data in order to detecting and further monitoring of the hidden signs which give early prognosis (preventive prognosis) of potential risks of failure in the absence of statistical characteristics; Learning of recognizing automata (HMM, neural networks) for real-time autonomous systems of smart preventive monitoring. The computational algorithms are based on models that combine the methods of the theory of dynamical systems, the theory of stochastic processes, statistical physics and field theory. The organization of algorithms in the hierarchical structure based on the principles of degeneration of failure signs helped identify more early signs of failure. This, in turn, allows to calculate effective Predictive maintenance strategies. The first experimental results of the cluster operation are shown. In particular, it is show that the hierarchical approach to the RUL prognosis has the structure of one-dimensional graph. The experiment confirmed the need to integrate remote computing cluster with peripheral recognizing automata in a united network for effective organization of automata operation and their retraining.


The process genre approach is a hybrid of the product approach,the process approach,and the genre approach. The paper first introduces the theoretical foundations of it,then explores the feasibility of this pedagogy in the teaching of English writing to non-English major college students in China.


Martin Buber contrasts the faith of Abraham with the faith of St Paul and ponders the possibilities of reconciliation between the two. He offers a sincere and reverent Jewish view of Christ and of the unique and decisive character of His message to Jew and Gentile.


The main focus of this talk is to prove ascent of niteness of at dimension through local homomorphisms. Descent is known classically, e.g., it is in Cartan{Eilenberg's book on homological algebra, but the corresponding ascent property is surprising because of the need to use derived categories. We present a short proof of ascent due to Dwyer{Greenlees{Iyengar, and discuss the main ingredient of the proof, which is the classication due to Hopkins and Neeman of thick subcategories of the category of perfect complexes over a commutative noetherian ring R. At the end, we discuss other directions these ideas of Hopkins and Neeman lead, in particular Balmer's result that says one can reconstruct a scheme from its derived category.


A large number of brilliant Brazilian plastic surgeons and the flamboyant, ingenious Mendieta have described, in detail, the concept of buttock frames, techniques for safer buttock augmentation with implants and autologous fat redistribution between the zones of the buttock region.1

After listening to Mendieta lecture on numerous occasions and operating by invitation in Rio de Janeiro, it has become clear to us that sharing knowledge through medical publications alone is dependent on the descriptive accuracy of the authors, and the quality of surgical outcomes is often very subjective within different cultural groups. By describing frames and overlying soft tissues accurately, we can better understand the myriad and diverse human appearance and, in particular, what constitutes beauty. The attractive buttock is clearly defined,2 but there is no such tool available to describe the female breast.

The skeleton is the foundation to which the muscles and soft tissues adhere and over which the skin and breast tissue naturally change with aging and physiological changes. The region of the breast can be divided descriptively into 8 units (Figure 1), very similar to the units of the buttock described by Centeno.3 From these 8 units, the general frame of the breast region can be further analyzed and described. The skeletal frame is obviously related to adolescent development of the thoracic skeleton into adulthood, as seen on transverse section (Figure 2). How the soft tissues attach to and cover the frame dictate the external visual appearance of the breasts. In addition, analysis of a longitudinal section of thoracic skeleton helps define the projecting vectors of the chest (Figure 3) and explains the positioning and appearance of the breast on the chest wall. For example, a negative vector skeleton needs a higher-projecting implant to produce a reasonable augmentation, in contrast to a positive …


The key techniques for improving of low-yield jujube trees in sandy soil regions are put forward in this paper, according to the low-yield reasons of adult jujube trees. These techniques are as follows: improving tree nutrition condition by scientifically controlling water and fertilization;starting the germination of crypto-buds on elder trees to form new crowns and cultivating young fruiting branches in order to improve fruiting ability; scientifically controlling the amounts of flowers and fruits to get high yeild and quality; sustainably controlling of diseases and inseet pests and,applying new techniques and providing standard operating instructions.


Two formulations of ronnel, 5.5% ronnel mineral granules and 5.5% ronnel mineral block, were given free choice to Charolais cows, calves, and heifers for control of face fly, Musca autumnalis DeGeer; horn fly, Haematobia irritans (L.); and cattle grub, Hypoderma (spp.). The 5.5% ronnel mineral block was also tested in conjunction with a combination face rubber and mineral feeder. The face rubber was treated with 1% ronnel in no. 2 fuel oil. Good horn fly reduction occurred in all tests, whereas face fly reduction was negligible in 2 of 3 tests. Face fly reduction was greatest on the cattle having access to the face rubber. Bioassay of composite fecal sample with face fly larvae indicated that the manure was completely unsuitable for larval development. However, inspection of individual dung piles in the field showed relatively poor control of face fly larvae. Cattle grub control was essentially 100%. The cows and calves having access to the blocks consumed more ronnel mineral than cows and calves having access to the granular form. Open heifers consumed more ronnel mineral block than the cows and calves on either formulation.


DEVELOPING NURSE leadership has boosted staff confidence and begun a change in culture at a high security hospital which was threatened with closure.


The application of artificial neural networks to capture structural design expertise is demonstrated. The principal advantage of a trained neural network is that it requires trivial computational effort to produce an acceptable new design. For the class of problems addressed, the development of a conventional expert system would be extremely difficult. In the present effort, a structural optimization code with multiple nonlinear programming algorithms and an artificial neural network code NETS were used. A set of optimum designs for a ring and two aircraft wings for static and dynamic constraints were generated by using the optimization codes. The optimum design data were processed to obtain input and output pairs, which were used to develop a trained artificial neural network with the code NETS. Optimum designs for new design conditions were predicted by using the trained network. Neural net prediction of optimum designs was found to be satisfactory for most of the output design parameters. However, results from the present study indicate that caution must be exercised to ensure that all design variables are within selected error bounds.


The paper of CPC s"to deepen and improve idea and politic education of college students" points out social practical field is an important step of idea and politic education of college students which has a significant role of improving students to know the society and national situation, to increase the knowledge, to serve the society, to practice the m ind, to cultivate character and increase the responsibili- ty. The department of propaganda, the office of civilization, the department of education and the center of CommunistYouth League of China send out a paper of"to deepen and improve social practical fields of college students"which puts forward concrete purpose and requirements for the future activity. This article gives us a few thoughts about the problem.


Kaheny observed in 2010 that ''[w]ithout doubt, a crucial development in judicial scholarship has been an increasing interest in analyzing the lower federal appellate courts'' (p. 29). There is good reason for this interest. In matters of correctional law, the 13 U.S. Courts of Appeals perform two important functions: the error correction function remedies departure from procedural and substantive rules; and the law-making function draws the parameters of statutory and constitutional rights (Cooper & Berman, 2000). The newfound interest in the U.S. Courts of Appeals stems in part from the U.S. Supreme Court's selective use of certiorari: it issued opinions in 92 cases during the 2009–2010 term, only one of which directly spoke to prisoners' rights, Wilkins v. Gaddy (2010). By contrast, the Court heard some 150 cases annually during the 1980s (Schauer, 2009)—a decade that included landmark prisoners' rights cases such as Rhodes v. Chapman (1981), Whitley v. Albers (1986), and Turner v. Safley (1987). Consequently, in 2010 the U.S. Courts of Appeals functioned as the de facto courts of last resort in prison litigation. An understanding of correctional law requires scrutiny of their decisions. In-keeping with previous installments, this annual survey examines select prisoners' rights cases decided by the U.S. Courts of Appeals during 2010 and recommended for full-text publication in the Federal Reporter, third series. The author chose these cases because they addressed persistent, important, or emerging constitutional issues about confinement in jails and prisons. Because a summary judgment or dismissal in these cases typically led to their appeal, the cases discussed herein reflect the practice of the U.S. Courts of Appeals to review cases de novo and, in so doing, to view all facts and draw all inferences in the light most favorable to the plaintiffs. As in past, this installment examines only constitutional issues raised before the U.S. Courts of Appeals.


Mao Zedong's concept of law adhered to the principle of "Contemporary use of the ancient law",inherited and developed the tradition of Confucian humanism.It has played a catalytic role in the development of revolution in Modern China and legal civilization.But at the same time,it hindered the process of civil condition of the new China due to the exaggeration of traditional humanism.The purpose of this article is to analyze the relationship between Mao Zedong's concept of law and the Confucian Humanism,and then discuss the value of inheriting traditional humanism in modern society ruled by law.


The size-segregation pattern was determined for two nearly binary mixtures (particle size ratios 2:1 and 5.7:1)
of equal mass (1:1) granulated sugar under funnel flow and mass flow conditions from two bin sizes (small and large).
The binary mixtures were deposited in the bins using the sprinkle-fill method to have a homogeneous initial fill. For funnel
flow conditions, a distinctly fines-predominant flow stream was observed during initial discharge and a coarsepredominant
flow stream was observed during the remainder of the discharge. Mixtures from the mass flow bins tended to
remain and fluctuate about the ideal mass ratio of one. The mass ratio is defined as the mass of fines divided by the mass
of coarse particles in the sample. Statistical analysis (0.05 level of significance) confirmed that an increase in segregation
occurs during funnel flow-type compared to mass flow-type. As bin size increased, segregation appeared to decrease for
both particle size ratios. The greatest segregation ratio of normalized fines to coarse ratio was observed for 5.7:1 particle
size ratio during funnel flow in the small bin where the range was 0.39. The least segregation was seen in the large bin for
2:1 particle size ratio under mass flow conditions, where the range was 0.02.


In this paper, a two-dimensional cellular automaton(CA) associated with a two-dimensional Burgers equation is presented. The 2D Burgers equation is an integrable generalization of the well-known Burgers equation, and is transformed into a 2D diffusion equation by the Cole-Hopf transformation. The CA is derived from the 2D Burgers equation by using the ultradiscrete method, which can transform dependent variables into discrete ones. Some exact solutions of the CA, such as shock wave solutions, are studied in detail.