Most CGE trade models fix current account balances exogenously, in accordance with the widely accepted view that trade policy may influence trade flows, but that current accounts are constrained by symmetric capital account balances, on which trade policy has little effect. The MIRAGE-D model was developed to make explicit the international capital flows which must take place to balance the current account implications of the simulated trade flows, and to compute the cumulative consequences of such capital flows on the international investment positions (IIP) of countries. In MIRAGE-D, current account balances and their capital account counterparts are endogenous, following a three-tier portfolio management model, adapted from Decaluwý and Souissi (1994; Souissi, 1994; Souissi and Decaluwý, 1997), which represents country-agent wealth allocation behavior. The allocation of capital among countries and industries is determined by an investment supply and demand equilibrating mechanism. Investment supply is the demand for new physical capital ownership titles resulting from the wealth allocation process, while investment demand is a constant elasticity function of Tobin's q in the Jung-Thorbecke (2001) style. An illustrative simulation scenario was run with both MIRAGE-D and the standard version of MIRAGE. Apart from the IIP of countries, which the standard version does not produce, other simulation results, although not identical, show moderate differences, which are fully explained by the financial aspects, and arise from the consistency required between such financial aspects and the rest of the model.


A novel hybrid approach based on Bayesian and wavelet transform for face recognition is proposed. Firstly the system uses PCA to select the first 10 candidate images, secondly these candidate images and each testing image are decomposed into low frequency and high frequency sub-band images by applying wavelet transform, Bayesian recognition is parallel processed using these sub-band images. The face recognition result was gained through weigh-adding arraying. Its efficiency and superiority are clarified by comparative experiment on a subset of AR and FERET face data.


This paper details the design of a demonstration device for visualizing electromagnetic wave behavior in educational contexts. The tool uses a grid of WiFi tracking nodes with RGB LEDs to display the field strength over a region.


This article is a redefinition for the meaning of Design Process. When designers add model link in design process, they reread and reknow the design elements before the new idea is born. They focus on the relations among all the design elements and care about the scales in the whole space. They forget what the original rules and what they are asked to be and they are just fascinated by the feeling of the "people" in the model there. They try to figure out what the "people" want there and how to adjust the design elements to satisfy the "people's" requirements there. So if we change design process a little, we may find a new way to realize our design dream in brain. Also some excellent examples are given here to support the idea and some new design projects are shown here as well.


Forty‐seven cases of primary and 50 cases of secondary amyloidosis are reported from Papua‐New Guinea, where this disease appears to be particularly prevalent. The clinico‐pathological features are described. Nephropathy was the commonest manifestation. This was frequently accompanied by an amyloid goitre (particularly in children). Cardiac arrhythmias and steatorrhœa also occurred. Deposition of amyloid was heavy in the kidneys and thyroid, but was slight in the liver, spleen and adrenals, being confined almost entirely to the walls of small vessels in these organs. No involvement of the nervous system was detected, and the ætiology could not be ascribed to any obvious genetic influence.


Following UNESCO's official celebration of the International Day of Women and Girls in Science, Frontiers in Chemistry decided to run a special issue "Women in Science: Chemistry". Indeed, although science and gender equality are essential to ensure sustainable development, less than 30% of researchers worldwide are women. Even more, female students in science disciplines with relatively higher female participation rates (e.g., biology and chemistry) still experience similar gender issues as students in male-dominated science disciplines (e.g., physics and mathematics) (Baird, 2018; Fisher et al., 2020). In some countries, academic institutes created dedicated committees to promote women in science. CNRS, the national center for research in France, created such a committee in 2001 because "Science cannot deprive itself of half of the talents" (Antoine Petit, CNRS president, 2016). Thanks to this effort, in 2016, 35% of researchers in public research in France were women (38% in chemistry) against an average of 14.6% in the EU. Nevertheless, at this rate, parity will be reached only in 2088 among permanent researchers, while it is approximately reached among PhDs. Jessica Lober Newsome for the United Kingdom Resource Centre for Women in Science, Engineering and Technology and the Royal Society of Chemistry noted that "men and women in United Kingdom PhD programs start their graduate work enthusiastic about the prospect of a career in the chemistry professoriate, but by the third year, the proportion of men planning careers in research had dropped from 61 to 59%. while for the women, the number had plummeted from 72% in the first year to 37% as they finish their studies" (Bertozzi, 2016). Towards facilitating change, Frontiers in Chemistry had the ambition that gender equality may be promoted through this special issue. No doubt that female researchers have made significant contributions to the field of chemistry in all its diversity. As such, it is relevant to note that among the 42 contributions (33 original articles, two reviews, and seven mini-reviews) accepted for publication in this special issue, many different domains were covered: green and sustainable chemistry, medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry, chemical biology, inorganic chemistry, physical chemistry, analytical chemistry, electrochemistry, nanosciences, supramolecular chemistry, polymer chemistry, and energy and catalysis. These works highlight the diversity of research performed across the entire breadth of the chemical sciences and present advances in theory, experiment, and methodology with applications to compelling problems. Although the background of the guest editors may bias this, it is interesting to note that 50% of the contributions belong to the bio-chem-green interface—reflecting a higher involvement of females in bio-related domains, which indicates that efforts are still needed to open all facets of chemistry equally to females. Of note are the tremendous number of research works towards improved sustainability, either through green chemistry, addressing environmental issues, improved energy storage or generation devices, or catalysis. These efforts include a range of traditional chemical science subfields, including Edited and reviewed by: Valeria Conte, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy


Mental handicap is neither a disease nor a syndrome. It refers to ignificantly sub-average general intellectual functioning existing concurrently with deficits in adaptive behaviour, and manifested during the developmental period. Of 4 bilion habitants on our planet, about 3% are mentally handicapped. India, with 900 million people, the proportionate share of the handicapped is very high. There are altogether 700 institutions only in India which are catering the need of the mentally handicapped individuals, but it is far from desired goal. However, with the gradual elimination of social inequalities, and by moulding attitudes towards mentally handicapped, it might be possible to develop a more optimistic perspective. In this context, parents, educators, social scientists, administrators and voluntary agencies must work hand in hand to develop the limited potentialities of the mentally handicapped children so that they do not become the burden of the society. In a relatively unexplored field this is a big challenge for India, and the future of the mentally handicapped children is dependent on the political philosophy of the country.


Abstract The complete mitochondrial genome of Cryptophyceae sp. CCMP2293 was 42,262 bp and contained 41 protein-coding genes (PCG), 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and 26 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes that are typical of cryptophyte algae mtDNA. A phylogenetic analysis based on the mitochondrial genomes of cryptophyte algae indicated that Cryptophyceae sp. CCMP2293 and Teleaulax amphioxeia strain HACCP-CR01 were the most closely related species, which strongly supports their close phylogenetic affinity.


Over the last decade, there has been a rise in, and surge in demand for, postprofessional doctorate degree programs (e.g., the doctor of medical science [DMSc] degree), and the potential benefits of such degrees warrant additional investigation. This article chronicles the path that the Arrowhead Orthopaedic Surgery PA Fellowship program took as an early adopter of the doctorate option for PA fellows. In this article, the pros and cons and the potential benefits of doctorate degrees for PAs in orthopaedic surgery postgraduate PA education training programs are discussed.


With less than 40,000 signatures yet to be obtained, and 2 weeks to go, public attention is today focused upon the effort of Wayne county politicians to force a vote in November upon a constitutional amendment that is expected to increase the Detroit representation in the Legislature and hasten the day when the Wayne county political machine will be able to dominate the state government. One of the outstanding developments in the campaign for signatures to these petitions has been the development of what appears to be an offensive and defensive alliance between the Welsh forces in Grand Rapids and the Wayne county group. It is reported that the Grand Rapids machine has been thrown into motion to secure signatures to these petitions, regardless of the fact that the carriage of the proposed amendment would apparently further increase the disparity in representation between that city and Detroit. There is considerable speculation as to the meaning of this alliance and some profess to believe the whole proposition is bound up in an effort to inject City Mgr. Geo. Welsh of Grand Rapids, into the race for governor as the champion of the interests of the two big cities. Dykstra Bill Leader Manager Welsh, it will be remembered, was a leader in the effort to force a referendum on the Dykstra bill, which would have thrown a huge slice of the State Highway funds into the control of Grand Rapids and Detroit. This move died when the outstate cities and villages joined with the Farm Bureau and other rural Celebrates President's Birth day; One Agent Writes 30 Policies.


In order to keep high-speed train safety,multi-channel data acquisition system is designed based on FPGA and DSP.The system is mounted on rails,where the acceleration sensors are used to collect the vibration signal between the tread and the rail.FPGA and DSP(TMS320C6713) are used to control the acquisition and transmission of the vibration signal,and the processing and analysis data collected on-site.The experimental results show that the system can accurately detect the scratch on wheel tread,and protect the safe operation of the train effective.


The invention relates to a device and a method for testing a nonlinear polarization coefficient and an absorption coefficient at a terahertz band. Laser is split into one path of pump light and one path of probe light by a beam splitter, wherein the probe light is reflected by a reflector group with an adjustable light path, is attenuated by a metal attenuation piece used for adjusting the beam intensity of incident laser and then is reflected to a high resistance silicon chip by the reflector; the pump light split by the beam splitter is reflected to enter a terahertz generation device so as to generate terahertz collimating light and the generated terahertz collimating light is focused on a sample rack at a focus position by a parabolic mirror by virtue of a terahertz polarizing plate, and the terahertz is converted into parallel light which is reflected to the high resistance silicon chip by another parabolic mirror; and the two paths of light are coincided at the high resistance silicon chip, are focused to a detection crystal by the parabolic mirrors, are focused to reach a Wollaston prism by virtue of a 1/4 wave plate after being scattered by using a convex lens and are respectively focused to two photoelectric detectors. A test sample only needs to be arranged at the position of the sample rack or the detection crystal in a light path, namely the nonlinear polarization coefficient and the absorption coefficient of the sample at the terahertz band can be tested.


The analysis of light-response parameters and the results of root extract bioassay for Anemarrhena asphodeloides,Platycodon grandiforus,Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.,Isatis indigotica Fort.and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.were used to select medicinal plants for poplar understory planting.The results showed that the shade tolerance of Anemarrhena asphodeloides,Platycodon grandiforus,Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.was relatively strong,while that of Isatis indigotica Fort.was relatively weak.The al-lelopathy of Anemarrhena asphodeloides,Isatis indigotica Fort.and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.were relatively strong,while that of Platycodon grandiforus and Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.were relatively weak.On the whole,Anemarrhena asphodeloides,Isatis indigotica Fort.and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.were more appropriate for poplar understory planting.According to the different growth periods of poplar,the appropriate medicinal plant was selected to achieve efficient and sustainable poplar agroforestry management.


The goal of any processing system is to produce quality products at optimum cost. For a PCB processing system, the most important processing parameters that could impart on the quality and cost of the board are temperature of processing solutions and time duration of each processing stage. An evaluation of the processing system at CERT was carried out with the view to determine the optimum processing conditions for the system that would ensure best quality at minimum cost. The evaluation involves the processing of several experimental boards under varying times and temperatures. The optimum values for the parameters are determined by employing a systems approach to analyze the observations from each process. Nigerian Journal of Physics Vol. 16(2) 2004: 21-24


Rates of vibrational energy transfer in the five largest a helices of myoglobin are calculated. Energy transfer in helices occurs by anharmonic coupling of spatially overlapping localized normal modes in resonance, which is also the mechanism for energy transfer among localized modes of a glass. As a result, rates of energy transfer from higher-frequency modes of the helices typically vary little with temperature. Variation of the energy transfer rate with mode frequency is captured by a model of an anharmonic one-dimensional glass.


As the well-known educators in the first half of the 20th century,Dewey and Montessori have attached great importance to children's education.Based on criticizing the traditional education,they propose their points of view.They both think that teacher is a guide and stress that teacher should respect children's nature.But Dewey's mentality is "Education is life" and Montessori's concept is "life is education".


Canine distemper is a highly contagious, systemic, serious viral illness seen worldwide that affects several organ systems in dogs. Most cases of Canine distemper are fatal. Canine distemper (CD) is the most important worldwide infectious disease of domestic dogs (Canis familiaris), and its fatality rate is second only to that of rabies (Degene et al., 2019). CD is caused by canine distemper virus (CDV), first isolated by Carre ́ in 1905 (Ogbu et al., 2017). CDV is a Morbillivirus under Paramyxo viridae family (Swati et al., 2016). CDV has been suggested to have mutability and a zoonotic potential that require few amino acid changes (Kennedy et al., 2019). Immunization of pups with International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 9 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


Practical realization of even order elliptic filters, including low-pass, highpass, band-pass and band-stop units, is proposed using the biquadratic OTA-C and OTA-RC structures of type a and b. The calculation of particular elements, arrangement of the block diagrams and resultant frequency characteristics are presented.


Public administration reform is an issue that was often been mentioned within public debates in Romania since1989. Unfortunately, a public debate has seldom been represented by a cogent analysis of the reforms undertaken in the field of public administration. Romania, like other European countries, has been strongly influenced by the legalistic approach of the public administration field; the reform has been often equated with passing of new legislation and regulations. Consequently, year-by-year, EU reports on the development of public administration have highlighted implementation issues (the lack of implementation capacity for legislation and public policy being a constant failure discussed in these reports). The personnel is one of the problems which public administration reform has to deal with. The quality of the human resources is crucial. In many cases, modernization of public administration has been strongly encouraged by the appearance of a new generation of public servants who are results – oriented not procedures/process – oriented, and who have been trained differently. This paper analyzes the role that public administration programs of Romanian universities could play in the administrative reform process.


The invention discloses a method and apparatus for determining the sequence start bit, for resolving the problem of large occupied resource and low efficiency in the prior technology. When the method determines that '1' is contained in the input sequence, the input sequence is translated into a one-bit thermal code sequence, and then the mask corresponding to the one-bit thermal code sequence is determined according to the corresponding relationship of the one-bit thermal code and the mask, finally the start bit of the input sequence is obtained according to the determined mask and the one-bit thermal code sequence. The scheme proposed by the invention can save resource and improve efficiency.


This study was designed to assess the potential risk of transmitting E. coli O157:H7 through vegetables. Suspensions (25g of vegetable in 225ml of distilled water) of 100 vegetables, 20 each of spinach, carrot, cabbage, lettuce and tomatoes were separately cultured on Eosine Methylene Blue Agar (EMBA) for the viable count and isolation of E. coli. The isolates characterized biochemically as E. coli were sub-cultured on Sorbitol-MacConkey agar which is selective for E. coli O157:H7. The efficacy of salt and vinegar in disinfecting the vegetables was examined on the E. coli O157:H7 isolates. Various concentrations of vinegar and salt were tested against E. coli O157:H7 using agar well diffusion method and tube dilution technique. Highest E. coli count was found in lettuce (22.0 x 104 CFU/g) with carrot having the lowest E. coli count (8.0 x 104 CFU/g). The prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 was 10% in spinach, 5% in tomatoes and 0% each for cabbage, carrot and lettuce. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were 12.5% (v/v) and 0.0125g/ml and the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were 50% (v/v) and 0.025% g/ml, for vinegar and salt respectively. Vegetables were found to harbor pathogens like E. coli O157:H7. Salt and vinegar are good disinfecting agents in washing the vegetables.


Based on the theory of information economics,a credit market game model under asymmetric information was established.By using the model,the role of collateral in an asymmetric credit market is examined.Both ex ante adverse selection and ex post moral hazard are considered.The main point is that the use of collateral often efficiently resolves moral hazard and adverse selection problems under a certain condition.By means of self-selection mechanism of borrowers, separating contracts may be useful devices to decrease credit risk of bank loans.Yet the realistic restrains in our country partially counteract the effects of collateral.


ABSTRACT Most research on intake focusses on the restrictions parents' capital cause on their abilities to choose. However, the steering effect of schools in the choice-process has been neglected. We chose the Flemish context to investigate ethnic- and class-discrimination in the enrolment to kindergarten (N = 2243). The Flemish education system is known for its exceptional 'freedom of choice' allowing parents to enrol their children into their school of preference without restrictions. Simultaneously, the education system is highly decentralized due to the principle of 'freedom of education' that grants high levels of autonomy to schools in creating their school policies. Using correspondence testing, the results show that schools act as gatekeepers using subtle discriminatory strategies to keep students with an underprivileged background out.


An enzyme catalyzing the ribosyl group transfer from inosine to adenine was purified from Aerobacter cloacae No. 172–1 by means of ammonium sulfate fractionation and DEAE-cellulose and hydroxylapatite column chromatographies. A. cloacae was found to have much activities of this enzyme in its cell free extract. The enzyme activity was increased about 90-fold. By using the purified enzyme, some properties of the reaction were investigated. The enzyme was considerably stable and essentially required inorganic orthophosphate for the reaction. It was suggested that the enzyme might be a purine nucleoside phosphorylase and that the reaction might be a coupled reaction with ribose-1-phosphate as an intermediate. The enzyme could not transfer the ribosyl group between purine and pyrimidine bases.


Candida auris has emerged as a major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in the hospital environment. C. auris is resistant to many antifungals, making it a newer example of one of the world's most problematic and feared health threats. We recently confronted a cluster of C. auris cases at our hospital during the spring of 2020.This outbreak investigation took place at the ICU of King Khalid hospital Al Majmaah Saudi Arabia. Considering its potential to cause an outbreak with serious consequences, strict control measures were implemented thus effectively controlling the outbreak.


This article discusses the emergence of a computational social science analytics fusion as a mainstream scientific approach involving machine-based methods and explanatory empiricism as a basis for the discovery of new policyrelated insights for business, consumer and social settings. It reflects the interdisciplinary background of the new approaches that the Hawaii International Conference on Systems Science has embraced over the years, and especially some of the recent development and shifts in the scientific study of technology-related phenomena. It also has evoked new forms of research inquiry, blended approaches to research methodology, and more pointed interest in the production of research results that have direct application in various industry contexts. We review background knowledge to showcase the methods shifts, and demonstrate the new forms of research, by showcasing contemporary applications that will be interesting to the audience on the occasion of the HICSS 50 anniversary.


Introduction: Premenopausal women with high-risk hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer (BC) undergo abrupt menopause induction with anti-estrogen therapy (AE) and ovarian function suppression (OFS). This treatment improves recurrence-free survival but may increase cardiovascular (CV) risk associated with early hypoestrogenemia. as observed in women with non-cancerous reasons for premature menopause. We sought to identify patterns of CV actions including referrals, tests and medication by type of AE therapy in premenopausal women in early follow-up for operable BC as a possible surrogate for early CV disease.
 Methods: Consecutive premenopausal women ≤ 50 years (mean age 42.6 years; sd 5.9) with Stage I-III HR+ or triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) diagnosed between 02/2013-06/2020 were identified by retrospective review. Mean follow-up was 4.9 years (sd 2.1 years.) Women were placed into 3 treatment groups based on initial AE approach: HR+ on OFS+AE (HR+OFS), HR+ not on OFS (HRnoOFS), and TNBC. Patient demographics, cancer treatment and CV risk factors as well as post-diagnosis adverse CV events (myocardial infarction, transient ischemic attack) and CV-related clinical actions (CV actions) including referrals, (cardiology, neurology (vascular)), tests (stress test, angiogram, ECHO, EKG, Carotid US) and medications (statin, ACEi, ARB, betablocker, calcium channel blocker, antiarrhythmic, and anti-platelet agents) were recorded. For each CV outcome (events, total actions, referrals, tests, medications) we created an "any" vs "none" dichotomous variable as well as a variable for number of CV outcome per year of follow-up. Categorical variables were compared among the 3 groups using chi-square and Fisher's exact tests; continuous outcomes (including the "per year" variables) were compared among the 3 groups using ANOVA. For the ANOVAs we report the global null hypothesis p-value. A two-tailed alpha of 0.05 was used throughout.
 Results: 80, 78, and 48 (total n=206) women were identified in the HR+OFS, HRnoOFS and TNBC groups respectively. Mean follow-up was longest in the HRnoOFS group (Table 1). Mean number of CV actions per year were highest in the HR+OFS group compared with HRnoOFS and TNBC (0.41 vs 0.22 and 0.35, respectively; p=0.008.) The HR+OFS group had significantly more referrals during follow-up, as well as more referrals per year than the other two groups. This group also had significantly more tests per year than the other two groups. CV medication initiation did not differ among the groups. The proportion with >3 CV actions during follow-up was 62% higher in women in the HR+OFS group compared to other groups. Experiencing >3 CV actions was associated with having diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, being a current smoker, and receipt of left-sided radiation (Table 2).
 Conclusions: In this early follow-up period, women on OFS+AE experienced more CV actions per year suggesting concern for CV sequela in this patient group. Future work should seek to further understand the impact of OFS+AE on the CV health of premenopausal women, try to identify who is at greatest risk and test strategies to mitigate cardiotoxicity.
 Table 1. Patient Characteristics and CV outcomes by Breast Cancer Treatment Group.
 Table 2. Patient Characteristics by number of CV Actions.
 Citation Format: Ahmer Ansari, Beverly Levine, Emily Douglas, Katherine Ansley, Susan Melin, Carolyn Park, Karl Richardson, Ralph D'Agostino, Jennifer Jordan, Alexandra Thomas. Impact of Anti-Estrogen Therapy on Early Vascular Referrals, Tests and Medications in Premenopausal Women with Operable Breast Cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-12-01.


Selectively cancelling signals at specific locations within an acoustical environment with multiple listeners is of significant importance for home theater, teleconferencing, office, industrial and other applications. The traditional noise cancellation approach is impractical for such applications because it requires sensors that must be placed on the listeners. We propose an alternative method to minimize signal power in a given location and maximize signal power in another location of interest. A key advantage of this approach would be the need to eliminate sensors. We investigate the use of an information theoretic criterion known as mutual information to design filter coefficients that selectively cancel a signal in one audio channel, and transmit it in another (complementary) channel. Our results show an improvement in power gain at one location in the room relative to the other.


The chemical quality of the water resources in the Scioto River valley south of Columbus, Ohio, was evaluated on the basis of data collected from 74 wells and 4 surface-water sites. A very hard calcium bicarbonate water that is high in dissolved solids is characteristic of the aquifer. Mean pH of the ground water is 7.3, and bicarbonate concentrations range from 238 to 530 milligrams per liter. Concentrations of dissolved iron in water samples (0.01 to 3.9 milligrams per liter) frequently exceed the drinking water standard of 0.3 milligrams per liter established by the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency. The chemical quality of local streams closely resembles the ground-water quality, except for higher concentrations of sodium, chloride, and sulfate in the surface water. Microbiological testing of ground water for fecal bacteria indicated concentrations ranging from 1 to 2,400 colonies per 100 milliliters. The higher concentrations were observed in one well on the Scioto River flood plain after a flood event. Mass-balance calculations of the chemical data indicate that pH is buffered primarily by the carbonate system. Data for pH, calculated Eh, and concentrations of ferrous iron and reduced sulfur show that areas of different chemical environments exist within the aquifer. A reaction model of an induced-infiltration radial collector system indicates the amount of mass transfer (chemical reactions that occur as ground water and surface water mix) is small, and that the mixing ratio between ground and surface waters is four to one.


The(1-x) BiFeO3-(x) PbTiO3 solid solution exhibiting a Morphotropic Phase Boundary (MPB) has attracted considerable attention recently because of its unique features such as multiferroic, high Curie point (T-C similar to 700 degrees C) and giant tetragonality (c/a -1 similar to 0.19). Different research groups have reported different composition range of MPB for this system. In this work we have conclusively proved that the wide composition range of MPB reported in the literature is due to kinetic arrest of the metastable rhombohedral phase and that if sufficient temperature and time is allowed the metastable phase disappears. The genuine MPB was found to be x=0.27 for which the tetragonal and the rhombohedral phases are in thermodynamic equilibrium. In-situ high temperature structural study of x=0.27 revealed the sluggish kinetics associated with the temperature induced structural transformation. Neutron powder diffraction study revealed that themagnetic ordering at room temperature occurs in the rhombohedral phase. The magnetic structure was found to be commensurate G-type antiferromagnetic with magnetic moments parallel to the c-direction (of the hexagonal cell). The present study suggests that the equilibrium properties in this solid solution series should be sought for x=0.27.


Abstract Culture and education should be recognised as identical. Culture should affect education and education should prepare individuals and society to receive and create culture. Therefore, education has to shape young people's cultural identity. The author presents students of the Polish socialist secondary school from the period between 1945 and 1989, starting from this perspective. The article shows the role of the overall environment, and the educational context in particular, in shaping a student's identity in a cultural context. The problem is presented through the dynamics of the influence of the totalitarian system on the secondary school and its students in Poland. The temporal frame (1945–1989) covers the historical period of the Polish People's Republic when Poland belonged to the Eastern Bloc and remained under the influence of communist ideology. At that time the general secondary school was strongly affected and controlled by the Polish United Workers' Party. The party authorities indoctrinated young people through teaching and the school-related environment. The author addresses the question: what was the impact of the socialist school's teaching programme and upbringing on the student and the creation of their cultural identity? She characterises socialist education, the socialist student, and cultural identity. Research is predominantly based on archival sources from The Central Archives of Modern Records in Warsaw, The Archive of the Ministry of National Education, and The Institute of National Remembrance. The author also refers to literature on the subject. Archival research and literature analysis were supplemented by the behavioural-based interview method (interviews with former teachers and students who taught and studied in the years 1945–1989).


Objective: Atherogenesis is an inflammatory process accelerated in psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with premature cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Cholesterol crystal (CC) f...


To develop students' reading and thinking skills, the Group Mapping Activity (Davidson, 1978; Davidson and Bayliss, 1979) is an instructional strategy that provides dynamic interaction through discussion. After reading, students produce a map or diagram of relationships or ideas, a graphic representation of their interpretations of information in the text or their personal responses to the text based on their knowledge of the world.


In recent times, focus on plant research has increased all over the world and there are evidences in large numbers that prove the immense potential of medicinal plants in various traditional systems. According to the world health organization, more than 80% of the world population, especially for millions living in the rural areas of under developed and developing countries depend on plant based medicines for their basic health care needs. Triterpenoids abundantly exist in plant kingdom and largely derived from vegetable oils, cereals, and fruits.[1] Since ancient times, they have been used as remedies to treat human diseases. During the last decade, there has been an unprecedented increase in research on triterpenoids, focused on the anticancer and antidylipidemic properties of triterpenoids. Enormous amounts of published data suggesting the utility of triterpenoids for the treatment of wide range of diseases is currently available. One such plant is Crataeva nurvala (Capparidaceae), triterpenoids from which have displayed broad spectrum of biological activities, the molecule which stands out and is responsible for most of the biological activities of this plant is dietary triterpenoids, Lupeol.


In recent years, there has been impending interest in the formation flying with many satellites. Multiple satellite system enhances the missions' flexibility with less total mass and cost, and realize some missions that were impossible with a single satellite. At the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS/JAXA), the plasma and magnetic field observation missions with several satellites is under investigation. The mission under consideration is designated as SCOPE(GEOTAIL-II). The observation area of the SCOPE mission is twenty or thirty earth radii away from the center of the earth where the geomagnetic field has interaction with the energetic particles from the sun. Therefore its orbit becomes highly elliptic. In the observation area, the formation of plural satellites is requested to constitute a polygon that assures the high spatial resolution observation. This study show the orbital design method for the SCOPE mission. The frozen property that maintains high spatial resolution near the apogee is found feasible for elliptic orbit. Numerical examples are presented with practical illustrations.


A direct transmission line model of noise in 1D electromagnetic media is presented, and used to find the emittance and noise factor of a negative index metamaterial based on resonators and rods. The results highlight the poor noise performance of negative index materials based on low-Q magnetic resonators.


Wet deck slamming events are of more importance for designing of the high speed twin hull ships. This paper highlights the physics behind the local wet-deck plate deformation of a catamaran due to the impact loading and is divided into two parts, (i) Hydrodynamics and (ii) Structural. In the hydrodynamics part of the research, mainly two methods have been used to determine the wave impact force, (a) Wagner's slamming load model and (b) ABS rules on structural scantlings of high speed vehicles. In the structural part, the wet-deck is divided into small panels and each panel is studied by various plate models ranging from isotropic thin-plate linear theory to orthotropic nonlinear theory. The applicability of a particular plate theory depends on the nature of deck scantlings and the magnitude of the wave force. Also, by cross-comparison of results obtained using various theories, one can quantify the significance of nonlinearity and anisotropy in the plate modeling.


Quality education and work ability are two important aspects for Vocational and Technical education.Nowadays the Vocational and Technical colleag graduates'employment circumstances become harder and more severe.The main reason is that the students have not enough work ability.The essay,which is on quality education and work ability,aims at finding out the problems according to analysis for the inherent relation between students' quality and work ability,and then explores how to develop students' quality and work ability.


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In a series of essays, conferences, and lectures over the period 1959–73, Michel Foucault directly engaged the writings of Nietzsche. This article demonstrates the five different modalities of Foucault's use of Nietzsche's writings: namely, critical, epistemological, linguistic, alethurgic, and political. Each of these modalities is tied to a particular intellectual turning point in Foucault's philosophical investigations and can be located chronologically in five important texts from that period.


In this paper, auto regressive (AR) model is applied to error concealment for block-based packet video encoding. Each pixel within the corrupted block is restored as the weighted summation of corresponding pixels within the previous frame in a linear regression manner. Two novel algorithms using weighted least squares method are proposed to derive the AR coefficients. First, we present a coefficient derivation algorithm under the spatial continuity constraint, in which the summation of the weighted square errors within the available neighboring blocks is minimized. The confident weight of each sample is inversely proportional to the distance between the sample and the corrupted block. Second, we provide a coefficient derivation algorithm under the temporal continuity constraint, where the summation of the weighted square errors around the target pixel within the previous frame is minimized. The confident weight of each sample is proportional to the similarity of geometric proximity as well as the intensity gray level. The regression results generated by the two algorithms are then merged to form the ultimate restorations. Various experimental results demonstrate that the proposed error concealment strategy is able to increase the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) compared to other methods.


This paper proposes a second-order cone programming (SOCP) relaxation for the generalized trust-region problem by exploiting the property that any symmetric matrix and identity matrix can be simultaneously diagonalizable. We show that our proposed SOCP relaxation can provide a lower bound as tight as that of the standard semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxation. Moreover, we provide a sufficient condition under which the proposed SOCP relaxation is exact. Since the standard SDP relaxation suffers from a much heavier computing burden, the proposed SOCP relaxation has a much higher efficiency in solving process. Then we design a branch-and-bound algorithm based on this SOCP relaxation to obtain the global optimal solution for a general problem. Three types of numerical experiments are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed SOCP relaxation.


A continuous preparation method of 1-aminoanthraquinone belongs to the technical field of organic synthesis and application. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing 1-nitroanthraquinone and toluene to obtain a product, mixing the product with hydrogen, preheating, and carrying out hydrogenation by introducing the preheated product into a fixed bed filled with a Pd/C catalyst; mixing a reaction liquid obtained after the hydrogenation and alkali lye and simultaneously releasing excessive H2 from the hydrogenation, carrying out an oxidation reaction by mixing a reaction product with oxygen, and cooling a reaction liquid obtained after the oxidation so as to obtain crystalline 1-aminoanthraquinone. The continuous preparation method has characteristics of high conversion rate, continuousness, safety, accuracy control of reaction conditions, recyclable spent liquor and catalyst and the like, and can be adopted to produce 1-aminoanthraquinone safely, environmentally and efficiently. A mother liquor obtained after 1-aminoanthraquinone is filtered can be directly recycled.


Pinealectomy (Px) and Melatonin treatment effect was examined in the male and female catfish Heteropneustes fossilis for 60 days. This experiment was done in post spawning period of the reproductive phase of catfish. The results of this study revealed that pinealectomy (Px) causes inhibitory effects on the GSI and the histology of the male catfish, while in the female catfish stimulatory effects on both was observed. In histological study of the female catfish stage I oocytes were present in the ovary of the control group whereas catfish administered with low (25, 50 mg) and high doses (100, 200, 400 mg) of melatonin very less number of stage I oocytes were seen but the percentage of atretic oocytes were increased when the melatonin doses were increased. The present study showed that the melatonin dose causes follicular atresia in female catfish during the post spawning period. Histological studies of male catfish showed large number of remnants of spermatozoa (rsz) in the testes of the control group while very little elevation of rsz were seen in the somniferous lobules with the increased in the melatonin dose. The result suggested that the effect of pinealectomy and melatonin treatment is mediated through an action of hypothalamo-hypophyseal gonadal axis. In conclusion, the melatonin played an important role to control the gonadal maturation in the catfish H. fossilis during the post spawning period.


The crystal structure of aikinite, CuPbBiSa, has been reexamined to elucidate the structural relations among this mineral and bournonite (C'uPbSbSa) and seligmannite (CuPbAsSa). The cell dimensions and space group are: α = 11.638 ± 0.003, b = 4.039 ± 0.001, c = 11.319 ± 0.002 Ä, D^-Pnma. The structure was refined by a three-dimensional least-squares method with newly determined intensity data (J? = 6.4°/o for all 573 reflections). Bi atoms could be distinguished from Pb atoms by the comparison of their coordinations. Six S atoms around the Pb atom make a trigonal prism. These prisms lie in a line parallel to the b axis. CuBiSe composite chains along the b axis are formed by infinite chains of Cu tetrahedra and Bi pyramids. The longer bonds of Bi ( = 2.95 Ä) bind the CuBiSe chains together and form CuBiSe sheets perpendicular to [001]. In aikinite, the atoms in one half of the cell are related to the atoms in the other half by 2i axes parallel to b and are shifted by 2 A along this direction. The configuration of atoms in each part is similar to that of bournonite and seligmannite. However, there is no symmetry element in bournonite to shift the atoms along the corresponding direction. This structural difference may result from the misfit of the size of the SbSe pyramids to the lead array. The structural formula of aikinite is [BiS2|S|CuIVPbVI1], type II.a2, in contrast to seligmannite [(AsS3)2|CuPbPb] and bournonite [SbS3)2| Cuivpbviipbvui], t y p e υ . a i . gQ aikinite is not isotypical with these latter structures, but shows a great relationship to stibnite (Sb2S3) and bismuthinite (Bi2S3).


AbstractTo simulate generation ofcavities in fossil-fired power plants, uniaxial creep tests have been performed on virgin and service-exposed 1Cr-O.5Mo steel. The cavity formation was studied in interrupted creep tests using a replica technique. The rate ofcreep cavity formation increased with increasing time, the rate being higher for service-exposed material than for new material. At a value of 0.1% cavity area fraction 30–70% ofthe creep life remained. If this is representative ofactual conditions it would give a sufficiently early warning of creep damage for avoiding failure.


The evaluation of plant communities units for the needs of spatial planning Bonitation of plant communities (phytocenoses) in suburban areas based on phytosociological survey, provides guidelines for local spatial planning at various scale. In particular, it can be used for: pointing out the necessity of nurturing and protecting the existing plant communities, creating the guidelines for shaping open spaces. Once the existing natural, aesthetic and recreation values of a housing estate have been assessed, selecting plant species for individual landscape units which show specific habitat conditions and physiognomy of potential vegetation. Application of phytosociological survey to recognize vegetation communities and their composition enables construction of spatial structure which is biologically active. It also enables people to satisfy their needs, which they are often unaware of, and, to commune with the least transformed and most varied nature of high visual and aesthetic values. The usefulness of the above method was shown in a master thesis on rating the phytocenoses of the housing estate in Kaszczorek near Torun. It was predominantly based on the rating method of valuable open spaces created by J.R. Mahon and R.W. Miller, the method of assessment the synantrophisation level of individual units and their floral impoverishment created by C. Wysocki and P. Sikorski, as well as the method of assessment healing, psychoregulating and aesthetic properties and preferable usage of plant communities created by A. Krzymowska-Kostrowicka.


This paper studied the resistance characteristics of single-phase flow through porous media in numerical way.The flow field is modeled by the Brinkman-Darcy-Forchheimer model.The results obtained from this model agree well with the experiment results.The resistance loss coefficient Kloss of the model has been discussed.It is founded that Kloss dominated the resistance and the influence of Reynolds number on Kloss should be taken into account when Reynolds number at the high values.Numerical results also show that the resistance decreased with the increasing of dimensionless diameter D.


ABSTRACT Working children and adolescents face diverse problems, including long working hours, low pay, lack of quality education/training, unrealistic expectations, workplace hierarchies, and bullying, all of which cause them to be bereaved of leisure opportunities. However, there is a lack of study on this topic. The dominant perception of child labour being mainly an issue of the Global South, a geographically and socially under-represented context, is a significant reason behind the lack of thorough exploration of the leisure capabilities of working children and adolescents. Drawing on qualitative research conducted in Turkey, this paper explores the everyday realities of working children and adolescents in terms of their leisure preferences and capabilities. The study is based on in-depth interviews and focus groups with working children and adolescents aged between 11 and 17. Using the Capabilities Approach as an analytical lens, the paper discusses the ways in which work shrinks the already limited leisure capabilities of the participants. In the face of fatigue and time scarcity, children adapt their leisure preferences to the available leisure cultures. Simultaneously, however, they display agency in various ways so as to gain time and protect their leisure rights.


I have the honour to present to your Lordship and the Society, for their inspection, a curious, unpublished, autonomous, small brass coin of Sala in Phrygia, in fine preservation, of excellent workmanship, and undoubted antiquity. The type of this coin is a bearded, and laureated head, and on the reverse a bunch of grapes with the letters CAΛH very distinct: the NΩN, or termination of the word CAΛHNΩN, is now not visible, owing to the nun, omega, and nun, having been clipped, in order to reduce the size of, the coin, that it might be set as a gem. This we know has been sometimes the case with coins of superior workmanship. The position of Sala was upon the Maender, between Pylaceum and Gazena, to the north and south of it, making the boundary of Phrygia towards Lycia. Its longitude, in Mercator's map, is from Ptolemy 60–15, and latitude, which is reckoned, after its longitude, is 38–20. It lies on the river to the west of Mount Taurus, between the Lycus and the Maender. This Sala, in Phrygia magna, is not mentioned by Stephanus Byzantinus, Strabo, or D'Anville; and, although passed over in silence by these great names in geography, richly deserves to be recorded, were it only for its excellence in the numismatic art, in its free state, and under the government of its own laws.


Near Earth Object (NEO) deflection for the purpose of Earth impact prevention is recognized as a valid and valuable endeavour. NEOTωIST stands for Near-Earth Object Transfer of angular momentum (ω) Spin Test. This describes a demonstration mission intended to develop the capabilities required to execute an effective kinetic impactor NEO deflection mission. The mission concept features several novel aspects. The most important of these are a new technique to quantify momentum transfer from the Impactor spacecraft to the NEO, and the option to use small sub-spacecraft for observation purposes. For momentum transfer measurement, the NEO is struck off-center which changes its spin rate. This rate change, which can be measured from Earth via light curve measurements, allows quantification of the transferred momentum without the need for a rendezvousing observer spacecraft.

To gain additional information about the impact geometry and impact physics, the NEOTωIST Impactor may deploy one or several sub-spacecraft from the main Impactor spacecraft shortly before impact. These sub-spacecraft allow observation of the impact event from multiple vantage points some of which are unique because their destruction is accepted. Different mission variations exist depending on whether the mission is implemented with only the Impactor or with a complement of observing sub-spacecraft. The paper discusses these options. Overall, the concept promises comparatively low cost and features capabilities that are unique and valuable for an operational deflection or reconnaissance mission.

The overall mission concept and measurement principle are described in detail in a different abstract by L. Drube et al. This paper focuses on the results of a preliminary mission design study with the objective of demonstrating mission feasibility. It analyses the key technical challenges of the mission, and describes the concept of operations as well as geometry design for the impact and fly-by phase of the mission. Further, the communications architecture between the different spacecraft and Earth is discussed, and the preliminary design of the individual spacecraft is presented.


The objective of this study was to identify the types of coping strategies and the level of resilience that a sample of older adults, victims of the Colombian armed conflict, presents. We worked with 60 older adults who were direct victims of the armed conflict through a non-experimental quantitative approach study with a cross-sectional descriptive scope, with non-probabilistic sampling at convenience. The instruments used were the scale of coping strategies-modified (EEC-M) and the resilience scale of Wagnild and Young adapted by Novella. As results, it was found that the most implemented coping strategies were religion, problem solving, emotional avoidance and positive re-evaluation and those of less use were aggressive reaction, search for social support, search for professional support, cognitive avoidance, denial, autonomy, Expect and expression of the difficulty of coping. Regarding the results of the resilience variable, high levels were found that confirm that the sample presents resilient characteristics.


Aleuroglyphus ovatus has a worldwide distribution and is a common pest of various stored products. Modified atmosphere may be nont-toxic option for control of the mites in value added products; such as seeds, spices and dry/dried fruits. However, there is few published information on the efficacy of modified atmosphere on mites and there is no information on Aleuroglyphus sp. Therefore this study brings the first report on efficacy of modified atmospheres (N2) on Brown-legged mite (Aleuroglyphus ovatus). We tested the efficacy of modified 100% gaseous nitrogen atmospheres on mite adults' survival. We found that 100% nitrogen caused 100% imago mortality after 33 hours; LT50 =8.88 (8.189.53) and LT90= 21.62 (20.04-23.61). The results were obtained due to support of research grant (QI101B088) provided by Ministry of the Czech Republic.


[A disputaion whether the pope is subject to graternal correction and the universal council] Concerning these texts, If thy brother shall offend against thee [Matt. 18:15] and Whatsoever thou shalt bind upon earth, it shall be bound also in heaven [Matt. 16:19], the question is asked whether there is any one of the brethren who is not to be corrected in this way. For the affirmative it is asserted that the same argument applies to any brother; therefore, if any one is to be corrected, all should be. You can argue for the negative that we are to understand by the term "church" "the church's prelate"; but there is one prelate of the Church who does not have a superior, namely the Roman pontiff; therefore, if he should sin, we cannot denounce his sin to the Church. The question at issue here is whether the supreme pontiff is over the universal council or the universal Church, which is represented by the council. On this question there are opposing ways of speaking, one of which holds that the pope is above the universal council. This view has been and is held by some of the cardinals and by the Thomists generally; and in Rome (it is said) no one is allowed publicly to maintain the contrary.


The renewable Green Substitute Natural Gas (SNG) production is one of the most flexible approaches to decarbonise end demand such as residential heating and also transportation systems by using compressed SNG. SNG, produced from Biogas, Power to Gas, and Biomass gasification, is a clean and low carbon alternative to conventional natural gas that can be transported and distributed using the existing grid infrastructure. VESTA catalytic methanation developed by Foster Wheeler since 2009 to produce SNG provides an efficient, robust, and viable system that can be adapted to any source of syngas, including the CO2 rich gases typical of biogas upgrading and Power to Gas applications. Technical and economical assessments were performed and presented in this paper for typical renewable application, including: biomass gasification, biogas upgrading, and Power to Gas.


Numerous studies provide evidence that women experience challenges in the academy not faced by men. Women in political science face individual and institutional discrimination despite an increasingly large pool of qualified women (see Beaulieu et al. 2017 for a review). Studies by Alexander-Floyd (2015), Sinclair-Chapman (2015), and Smooth (2016), to name only a few, documented that faculty of color experience challenges not faced by whites (regardless of gender) or by male co-ethnics. Alexander-Floyd (2015) likened women of color in the profession to "space invaders" outside of the somatic norms of political science. Similarly, Smooth (2016, 515) noted that women of color "experience the academy more often as a hostile environment." The actively hostile environment for Black women in academia "isolates black faculty, renders them invisible, undermines ambition, reshapes scholarly goals, and fuels an exodus from higher education" (Sinclair-Chapman 2019, 52). Women of color are less likely to be employed by PhDgranting institutions and more likely to be unemployed. They are scrutinized more harshly by their colleagues, their research is more likely to be undervalued, and they are more likely to feel isolated (and thus suffer low morale). Their authority in the classroom is more likely to be challenged by students. "To be aWoman of Color in academia is, too often, to be presumed incompetent" (Flores Niemann, Gutiérrez y Muhs, and González 2020, x). Political science is one of the most maleand whitedominated fields of study in the social sciences. Increased diversityhas eluded thedisciplinenot becausewomen students of color are not interested inpolitical science but rather because (1) at somepoint, they dropout of the pipeline, and (2) they face significant barriers to professional advancement and success after achieving their PhD.Women of color face barriers including lack of mentorship, financial resources, and significant familial responsibilities in their pursuit of higher education and subsequent careers. Plugging the leaks in the pipeline and building a discipline that is not only more representative but also equitable and inclusive requires further commitment of time and resources to cultivate the success of those women throughout their graduate school education and tenure. Losing thosewomen is a loss not only for those individuals but also for the discipline and for society; who knows how much valuable research is lost when these women decide to leave political science? Cultivating a culture that supports the retention and success of women of color benefits everyone. Recent decades have seen some progress in the discipline. Between 1980 and 2010, faculty of color increased by 7.5 percentage points (from 3.6% to 11.1%) and women faculty by 18.3 percentage points (from 10.3% to 28.6%) (APSA 2011; 2019). Combined, these two trends increased the representation of women of color from negligible to less than 4% of all faculty. Today, almost a decade later, women of color represent less than 11% of all faculty. This is a marked improvement, but it falls short of proportionality to the almost 20% of the US public that are women of color (US Census 2019). Underrepresentation persists despite the increasing diversity of the general US and higher-education student populations (tables 1 and 2). Reviewing the most recent seven years for which data are available (2011–2017), more than 115,000 women earned a baccalaureate degree in political science—more than a third of them women of color. In that same period, 2,220 women earned a PhD in political science, only 339 (15.2%) of whom were women of color. Women of color drop out of the "leaky pipeline" at multiple points between majoring in political science as an undergraduate student and achieving tenure. The pipeline issue is well established, significant, and persistent (Lavariega Monforti and Michelson 2008; 2019). Thus, diversity, equity, and inclusion are not only issues of justice or representation; they also affect intradepartmental relations, productivity, and institutional climate. Henderson and Herring (2013, 309) noted that "diversity—when tethered to concerns about parity—is linked to positive outcomes in research universities...diversity is related to success because it allows organizations to 'think outside the box' by bringing previously excluded groups inside the box. This process enhances an organization's creativity, problem-solving, and performance." We have hosted biennial professional development workshops for women of color across all stages of their career (i.e., graduate students through full professors and administrators) since 2013, including meetings in Chicago (2013),


In this paper, we prove ∆-convergence theorems of the generalized Picard normal S5-iterative process to approximate a fixed point for square α-nonexpansive mappings. Moreover, we obtain some properties of such mappings on a nonempty subset of a hyperbolic space. MSC: 47H09; 47H10


The main driver of national income is government spending. Thus, several countries in the world choose to increase government spending for improving the country's economy. However, government spending also has its pros and cons for the regional economy. Of these, the current study examines the effect of government spending on economic growth in Riau Province. The method used is a quantitative method, namely descriptive analysis and classical assumption test. Based on the methods and data analysis that has been done, it can be concluded that simultaneously (F test) government spending on economic growth in Riau Province has a significant effect with a significant value of 0.000b with an R squared value of 78.50 percent. The regression model is normally distributed by performing the One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test with a significant value shown, namely 0.067c. There is no multicollinearity between variables with the indicated tolerance value 1.0000 > 0.10 and VIF 1.000 < 10. The model also does not occur heteroscedasticity by doing the Glejser test where the significant value is 0.603. In addition, the regression model also has no autocorrelation with the Durbin-Watson value being 2.355. Where this value lies between dL and (4-dU).


ABSTRACT THE heat and moisture production of DeKalb XL layer pullets brooded from one to 49 days of age in a typically managed litter-floor house were measured. Prediction equations for sensible and latent heat production were developed. The results indicate no significant difference between the sensible heat production of layer pullets and broilers of the same mass when both were housed at typical brooding temperatures. However, the latent heat production of the layer pullets was significantly lower than that of broilers of the same mass.


In general, this research aims to produce a valid magnetic induction experimental device as a medium forlearning physics in high school. The experimental device consists of experimental equipment and tool usagemanual. In particular, this research aims to design, build, and validate devices for magnetic inductionexperiments on coiled wire as a physics learning media according to the research development steps. Threeexperts and two physics teachers as users have been involved to provide an assessment of the experimentaldevices that have been built. Assessment is carried out on the construction and content of the experimentaldevice. The results of data analysis showed that every aspect of the assessment of the experimental tool wasdeclared valid with a very good category (index validity 3.34) and the manual for using experimental toolswas also declared valid with a very good category (index of validity 3.47). Thus, it can be said that themagnetic induction experimental device in circular wire is declared valid as a medium for physics learning.


We prepared octuply adenine (A)-functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane [(octakis(vinylbenzyladenine-siloxy)silsesquioxane, OBA-POSS] nanoparticles through the reaction of A with octakis(benzyl chloride) POSS (OVBC-POSS), itself prepared through hydrosilylation of octakis(dimethylsiloxy)silsesquioxane (Q8M8H) with vinyl benzyl chloride. We observed the self-assembly of lamellar structures from the complexation of a thymine (T)-functionalized polybenzoxazine (PA-T) with OBA-POSS, stabilized through complementary multiple hydrogen bonding interactions between the T groups of PA-T and the A groups of OBA-POSS. In addition, incorporating POSS presenting multiple, strong, complementary hydrogen bonding A units into the PA-T matrix significantly enhanced the thermal stability of this polymer, as evidenced using differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis.


The capability of enterprises' strategic control determines the efficiency and effects of strategy implementation.The traditional strategic control theories placed great emphasis on the systematic research on the control methods,however,little attention was paid to the issues about the execution efficiency of control system.Based on the basic principles of cybernetic system,this paper points out the problems existed in control validity and control carrier of strategic control system on the basis of reviewing traditional strategic control theories,puts forward a strategic control system with ganged and adjustable function in combination with three kinds of classical control tools.Through the nested use of the balanced score card,financial model and planning Gantt chart,enterprises' strategy planning can be transformed into strategic action plans continuously and be able to achieve linkage adjustment in the process of implementation.


infected central line lumen is red lumen 52%, white lumen 36% and blue lumen 12% respectively. Most common organism causing infection is Gram positive cocci in both Red & White lumen whereas most common infection in blue lumen is caused by Gram negative bacilli. Gram positive cocci the most common micro organism causing infection is staphylococcus. Gram negative bacilli most common micro organism causing infection are E.coli & Elizabethkingia. Conclusion Covid 19 PCR was tested in all admitted oncology patients, out of 20 total patients in Wexford area 9 patients were admitted and all were tested negative for Covid 19 PCR. There is no relation of Covid 19 infection on oncology patients that are admitted in Wexford General hospital. There is no relation of Covid 19 infection on newly diagnosed oncology patients, as on time of their diagnosis they were all tested negative for Covid 19 PCR. Main cause of admission is 71% line infection out of which 52% is related to febrile neutropenia and 28% are newly diagnose oncology patients. Highest number of patients admitted have diagnosis of Acute lymphoblastic Leukemia (Newly diagnosed as well as previously diagnosed ALL with line infection and febrile neutropenia). Number of average percentage of inpatient admission in Wexford General Hospital from January 2020 till January 2021 are as follows: 63%. ALL, 32% Medullobastoma,2% Astrocytoma. 6 out of 9 are newly diagnosed cases and 3 are previously diagnosed oncology patients admitted due to infection ( line infection with or without febrile neutropenia). Overall male predominance of oncology patients i.e 12 out of 20 patients are male. Medulloblastoma predominance in male, no female patient diagnose with it. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia has male predominance i.e 3 out of 4 male and only 1 female out of 4 ALL patients. Hodgkin and Non Hodgkin Lymphoma only male predominance. Wilms tumor, neuroblastoma, AML only female predominance, no male patients are diagnosed with it. Blood transfusion was given only to ALL patients, 46% pack RBC was transfused and 54% platelet transfusion was given to patient admitted in Wexford General Hospital in Paediatric ward. There is no relation of anemia and thrombocytopenia in oncology patients as they were all tested negative for Covid 19 PCR test. Total number of bed days occupied from Janruary 2020 to Janruary 2021 is 93 days out which ALL patients has occupied highest number of bed days i.e 60% whereas Astrocytoma has occupied least number of bed days i.e 2%. Recommendation In view of novel Covid 19 infection and its multiple strains causing Pandemic this audit should be repeated on yearly basis to review any impact of Covid 19 on oncology patients. To rule out any co relation of Covid 19 with newly diagnosed oncology patients. To rule out any relation of Covid 19 causing haemolysis, anemia and thrombocytopenia in oncology patients. National plan of care, supportive care to patients. Safeguarding with proper protocol providing PPE Equipment in relation to patient and staff safety. More isolation rooms availability for oncology patients as they are prone to infections and Covid 19 could be the sinister for their mortality as they are already immunocompromised. Reinforce the medical staff to decrease the workload. Psychological and social support for Oncology patients and patient carer to cope in overwhelming situation due to Covid 19 Pandemic. 61 SEROPREVALENCE OF CYTOMEGALOVIRUS AMONG SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN IN RUSSIAN FEDERATION


The world breathed a sigh of relief when Greece accepted a fourmonth extension to its current bailout programme on February 20. After much political rhetoric to the contrary, newlyelected Syriza promised to continue with reforms. The deal is such that the vital last injection of cash that is propping up its economy – worth €7.2 billion – will only be delivered when these reforms are in action. In fact, the deal requires not only that the old reforms of previous bailout programmes continue, but that new ones are implemented. They are squarely aimed at making the Greek economy more productive. But agreeing to these reforms required Syriza to go against its mandate of ending austerity. For this reason we cannot rest assured that the path to economic reform will be plain sailing. A tough course ahead. EPA/Alexandros Vlachos


OBJECTIVE
To study the correlation between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and serum Golph2 protein.

METHODS
Golph2 gene was cloned by RT-PCR using RNA from WBF44 cell line as template, the point mutations of the cloned sequence were corrected by PCR, then the gene (1206 bp) was cloned into pET-21 plasmid, and the resulted plasmid was transformed into E.coli DH5a. The expression of 6xHis and Golph2 fusion protein was induced by isopropylthio-beta-D-galactoside (IPTG). The expression of fusion protein was detected by SDS-PAGE and Western blot, and was purified by Ni NTA chelating agarose. The rabbit antibody against Golph2 protein was obtained by immunizing 2 rabbits with the purified Golph2 protein. The specificity and titer of the antibody was determined by Western-blot and ELISA respectively. Sandwich ELISA was used to detect the level of serum Golph2 protein.

RESULTS
There were two replacement mutation and 1 deletion mutation in the cloned sequence contrasted to NM177937 in Genbank, including 644(T-->C, L-->P) , 970 (G-->A, V-->I) and 802 G deletion. The sequence was completely reversed by PCR. The sequence of Golph2 gene cloned into expression vector was confirmed by DNA sequencing. SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis showed that Golph2 protein was expressed in E.coli DH5a. The antiserum could bind to the 52 kD recombinant protein and serum 73 kD protein specifically. The mean A450 value of ELISA for serum Golph2 protein were significantly higher in HCC and other liver diseases than that in control groups. The sensitivity and specificity for HCC were 44.5% and 82.0%, respectively, at the cut off value is more than or equal to 0.40.

CONCLUSION
The polyclonal antibody against Golph2 protein is specific. The level of serum Golph2 is significantly higher in patients with HCC and other liver diseases than that in healthy controls.


The purpose of this work was to study the percentage of healthy trees, living trees and healthy branches and the renewal (natural propagation) of Caryocar brasiliense associated with the properties of soil, the floristic diversity and the canopy size of this plant. Lower proportions of live C. brasiliense trees and of healthy branches were found in the Savanna of Ibiracatu, where only 30% of the trees were healthy and without visible signs of attack by wood borers and by Phomopsis sp. We observed that C. brasiliense trees in areas where the soils contained higher levels of summed chemical bases and total sand (fine + gross) were less healthy. Moreover, the areas whose soils contained higher levels of aluminum and clay had a higher percentage of healthy C. brasiliense trees and branches. Smaller percentages of live and healthy trees and healthy branches were noted in areas with higher floristic diversity. Overall, the higher mortality of C. brasiliense trees may be associated with a higher pH and a lower content of aluminum, silt and clay, with competition with other tree species for nutrients, water and light, with the attack of Cossidae and particularly with the attack of fungi, Phomopsis sp.


Abstract Induction of premature calving contributes to subsequent failure of some dairy cows to become pregnant and calve. Of a sample of 276 cows 16.7% failed to calve the following year despite the occurrence of oestrus relatively early after calving, and several matings. The cows which did conceive had a normal first-mating calving rate of 53.9%, requiring 1.7 matings per pregnancy. Two of the 18 survey herds under consideration suffered lengthy calving-to-first-mating oestrus intervals, presumably because the induced cows were in poor condition at the time of calving.


Growing evidence suggests sleep plays an important role in the development of healthy adolescents, with increased interest in the associations between sleep and mental health. Higher duration and quality of sleep has been suggested as a mechanism for increased wellbeing in adolescents. Cross sectional data was collected from 5,661 Irish adolescents. 55% of Irish adolescents reported meeting the guidelines for adolescents of 8-10 hours per night. This was found to decrease with age. Higher duration and quality of sleep was positively associated with wellbeing and negatively associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression. A higher frequency of physical activity was associated with longer duration and higher quality of sleep. 9-10 hours of sleep was associated with the highest levels of wellbeing and lowest symptoms of anxiety and depression. The relationship between physical activity and increased wellbeing may be impacted by physical activity leading to higher durations and quality of sleep.


Treatment for tibial plateau fractures still had challenge to orthopaedic surgeons,especially fractures caused by high energy trauma was dissatisfied with postoperative functional. But with the recent development of diagnostic techniques,better understanding to biomechanics of fracture fixation plate,the protection of soft tissue with minimally invasive techniques and the application of locking plates significantly increased the excellent rate of postoperative tibial plateau fracture. Although the doctors strived,the tibial plateau fracture was still not satisfactory,the postoperative function was closely related to the severity of injury and the individual differences of patients.


ABSTRACT This article presents an inductive citation analysis to examine diffusion patterns and knowledge networks in the economic, geographical/environmental, and socio-cultural domains of tourism research. Articles typical of these specializations were selected from the latest issues of Annals of Tourism Research, Journal of Travel Research, and Tourism Management, to begin with the tracking of major sources of knowledge for research in a sub-domain. Citation data collection followed a theoretical sampling approach for a scrutiny of three "generations" of intellectual connections. Analyses and sorting of subjects and coauthorship networks were facilitated by ATLAS.ti. Diffusion patterns are visualized through "pointed and high" versus "thick and flat" tree diagrams for these subdomains. The study also describes knowledge networks typically embedded in the coauthorship patterns of the major sources. While the study lends to discussions on intellectual connections, this set of inductively derived results should be read in caution of the research design, the behavior of citation, and the perspectives of the authors.


The AirConditioning library is a new, commercial Modelica library for the steady-state and transient simulation of air conditioning systems using modern, compact heat exchangers that use microchannel tubes instead of the bulkier fin-and-tube type heat exchangers. Currently it is mostly used by automotive OEMs and suppliers that need high-accuracy system level models to ensure both passenger comfort and energy efficiency of systems developed under the pressure of reduced design cycle times. The AirConditioning library contains basic correlations for heat and mass transfer and pressure drop, components for control volumes and flow resistances and advanced readyto-use models for all relevant components of automotive air conditioning systems like condenser, evaporator, compressor, expansion devices and accumulator.


Current technology permits small size computer with huge amount of hard disk space as well as sufficient performance and therefore makes it easier for one to design such a system. The embedded device placed inside a vehicle is expected to have functions such as allowing vehicle passengers to enjoy accessing their favourite videos
and music and up to a point where it can also become an assistant for drivers using navigation system function. The aim of this project is to demonstrate that as a proof of
concept of In-Vehicle Infotainment (IVI) is feasible.


This paper focuses on the use of fuzzy fusion techniques to improve the automatic detection of linear features on multi-temporal SAR images. Different fusion strategies involving different fusion operators are presented. Since T-norms and T-conorms do not lead to satisfactory results (these operators are respectively too severe and too indulgent), the first strategy consists in fusing the data using a compromise operator. The second strategy consists in fusing the results computed with two operators with opposite properties, in order to obtain a global intermediate result. Thanks to the wide range of behaviours they provide, fuzzy operators are used to test and compare these two fusion strategies on real ERS-1 data.


The Raman and infrared spectra of 13C-substituted poly-p-phenylene (PPP) and the Raman spectra of Na-doped PPP excited at 488.0 and 1064 nm were observed and compared with the corresponding spectra for the ordinary (12C) polymer. 13C substitution is shown to be useful for characterizing not only the bands of intact PPP but also those of polarons and bipolarons generated in Na-doped PPP. The number of Raman bands observed for bioplarons (and also for polarons) is greater than that for intact PPP. This observation is explained as the result of the loss of translational symmetry in the regions of these local excitations.


1. This review of literature on Quality Teaching aims to provide a theoretical background to the OECD-IMHE project on the quality of teaching in higher education. It highlights the main debates on the topic to date, hoping to present the different perspectives that exist on the topic of quality in teaching. The review of the literature is organized in three main parts as to address three major questions: 1) " What is Quality Teaching and why is it important in higher education? " 2) " How can teaching concretely be enhanced? " 3) " How can one make sure Quality Teaching initiatives are effective? " 2. Quality teaching has become an issue of importance as the landscape of higher education has been facing continuous changes: increased international competition, increasing social and geographical diversity of the student body, increasing demands of value for money, introduction of information technologies, etc. 3. But quality teaching lacks a clear definition, because quality can be regarded as an outcome or a property, or even a process, and because conceptions of teaching quality happen to be stakeholder relative. The impact of research, of the " scholarship of teaching " and of learning communities on teaching quality is discussed here. 4. Quality teaching initiatives are very diverse both in nature and in function. The role of the professors, of the department, of the central university and of the state is analyzed, as well as the goals and the scope of these initiatives. 5. Choosing reliable and quantifiable indicators to assess the quality of one's teaching and the efficiency of teaching initiatives remains challenging. Various methods and their efficiency are discussed here. The factors that determine whether appropriate use is made of the feedback provided are also brought into discussion. RESUME 6. Cette revue de la littérature a pour but de fournir un cadre théorique au projet OCDE-IMHE sur la qualité de l'enseignement dans l'éducation supérieure. Elle met en relief les principaux débats sur le sujet, espérant présenter les différentes perspectives qui se confrontent et co-existent. La revue de la littérature répond à trois questions majeures: 1) Qu'est qu'un enseignement de qualité et pourquoi cette qualité est-elle importante? 2) Comment l'enseignement peut-il concrètement être amélioré ? 3) Comment être sûr que les initiatives ayant pour but d'améliorer la qualité de l'enseignement sont efficaces? 7. La qualité de l'enseignement est devenue un sujet d'importance lorsque l'éducation supérieure s'est vue …


Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) are receiving interest as an electrical source of energy for aircraft propulsion electrification. However, their implementation challenges such as durability, reliability, and the dynamic behaviour of Fuel Cells (FCs) in an integrated hybrid propulsion system have not been fully explored. Currently, most commercial PEMFC stacks have maximum power close to 150kW. To achieve higher power required for aviation, these stacks can be connected in series and parallel to achieve high voltage required for propulsion. Poor design procedure of cells and stacks can cause variation between the stacks resulting in failure and fast degradation of the connected stacks. In this paper the impact of voltage and current drop of one stack, which could be caused by changes in the fuel cell's individual axillary parts, degradation of the cells within the stack, or faults in the connections and distribution is explored. Upon exploring different configurations, it is found that the arrangements of FC stacks connections could help in reducing the impact of voltage and current variations due to degradation in each stacks. The imbalance stack performance and its effects on the whole energy storage system performance is not fully explored before. It is important to conduct quantitative analysis on these issues before the PEMFC system can be implemented.


This article is the story of Fella Feige Drut, who was born in Rovno, Ukraine in 1923 and who in 1939, at the age of 16, was arrested by the Gestapo in Würzburg, Germany because she was Jewish. She survived six years in various concentration camps and work camps, eventually ending up in the Theresienstadt ghetto. Here, she gave birth to a daughter. Her ordeal and that of her close family members are reconstructed using documents from the International Tracing Service's (ITS) archive and from other sources. Unlike many of her co-religionists, whose family life ended during the Nazi years (1933-1945), Fella Feige Drut was able to live on. Her resolve manifested itself in her fight for compensation from the German government for herself and her daughter, despite the bureaucratic hurdles placed in her way, and her resolution to leave Germany and to build a new life in the USA.


One of the ways in which we may find out why people engage in politics, even when the tangible rewards of participation are minimal, is to ask them. While this may seem obvious enough, it does not seem to have been done very often. Professors Kornberg and Smith present data from such a study. Readers need not be warned that there are dangers tn using self-concepts; in any case, the authors are careful not to let their conclusions outrun their data.


Today, many world-famous and leading companies employ professionals who are products of the Indian education system. The number of foreign students coming to study at Indian universities is also increasing every year. It is noted that this indicates that the country's education system has a strong position and high quality of student training. The article provides an overview of the achievements of modern Indian scientists in the field of education development. The Ghosh philosophy of studying a religious concept that affects a person and manifests itself through a person, its structure and technologies is considered, which helps to act hermeneutically in understanding the philosophical text.


This inquiry is an analysis of the trend toward infusing practitioners into the preparation of school administrators. Motives for increasing the number of part-time employees in higher education are identified and specific problems associated with the deployment of these instructors are discussed. The argument is made that the merits of this trend depend on the extent to which department policy addresses adjunct faculty employment, deployment and development in relation to a reform vision and strategy. Essential policy considerations related to involving practitioners are recommended. part-time faculty in school administration are warranted. As used here, the title refers only to the traditional definition. School Administration Adjunct Faculty Literally hundreds of articles, books and position papers have been written on the topic of adjunct professors, many of them focusing on employer and employee abusive behavior (Gappa & Leslie, 1993). The literature pertaining to full-time adjunct faculty has been especially negative, with terms like exploitation (e.g., National Education Association, 1988) and gross injustice (e.g., Twigg, 1989) being used copiously. Although these critiques account for a high percentage of articles written about adjunct faculty, they are only partly relevant to school administration. Consider just four conditions that make school administration rather unique. 1. Women constitute a majority of adjunct faculty across all disciplines and types of institutions (Conley & Leslie, 2002) but most part-time instructors in educational administration are males (American Association of School Administrators [AASA], 2002). 2. Academic credentials of adjunct faculty across all disciplines and types of institutions vary considerably (Avakian, 1995) but virtually all in school administration have earned doctorates (AASA, 2002). 3. Many adjunct faculty are totally or largely reliant on income derived from teaching (Conley & Leslie, 2002) but most part-time school administration instructors are either full-time practitioners or fullpension retired practitioners (AASA, 2002). 4. The modal age range for all adjunct faculty across all disciplines and types of institutions is 35-44 (Conley & Leslie, 2002) but in school administration, the modal age range is 51-60 (64 percent are in this range) (AASA, 2002). Data such as these clearly reveal that adjunct faculty in school administration do not fit the generic profile. Largely for this reason, some writers (e.g., Tingley, 2002) have concluded that when compared to other disciplines, part-time instructors in school administration are more likely to be influenced by noble motives such as gaining professional respect, pursuing personal growth and contributing to the profession. Recent findings reported in a national study, however, cast some doubt on this conclusion. In an AASA (2002) study, the three most commonly cited reasons for teaching part-time in school administration were: (1) seeking full-time employment as a professor at some subsequent date, (2) creating opportunities to collaborate with full-time faculty members and (3) enhancing one's credentials to serve as a consultant (AASA, 2002). Deployment of Part-Time Faculty Criticisms of school administrator preparation, voiced as part of the broad school reform movement that began nearly 25 years ago, have focused largely on program quality and program relevance. Peterson and Finn (1985) were among the first to observe that too little attention was being given to qualifications and performance of superintendents and principals in relation to school improvement. Alleged shortcomings included abysmal admission, retention and graduation standards (e.g., Clark, 1989) and overly theoretical and insufficiently practical program requirements (e.g., Goldman & Kempner, 1988; Maher, 1988). In the midst of these criticisms, two reform groups, the National Commission on Excellence in Educational Administration (NCEEA) (1987) and the National Policy Board for Educational Administration (NPBEA) (1989), recommended major revisions to professional preparation to ensure an appropriate nexus between theory and practice. During the early 1990s, many deans and department chairs skillfully melded pressures for efficiency and personnel management with program reform. They cast the employment of part-time faculty as a win-win decision; it lowered operating costs, reduced risk associated with uncertain enrollments and infused practice-based experiences into the curriculum. In part, their creativity may have reflected political reality that more fundamental changes to curriculum and instructional practices were simply too difficult to achieve. Several studies conducted during the late 1980s and 1990s, for instance, have documented that educational administration faculty have been resistant to reforming their own programs (McCarthy, 1999b). By diverting attention from needed structural changes, the increased deployment of adjunct faculty may have contributed circuitously to sustaining the profession's most disturbing and negative attributes. As examples, average scores for school administration students on the Graduate Record Examination remain lower than those for students in other disciplines and lower than those for students majoring in other areas of education (Keedy & Grandy, 2001). And poorly-staffed and under-funded preparation programs have not been eliminated; even worse, many of them have actually increased their enrollments (Kowalski & Glass, 2002). Other limitations of employing part-time faculty have been well documented. As one example, employers often fail to provide job descriptions and specific expectations to part-time personnel (Gappa & Leslie, 1993); yet, role ambiguity is known to reduce job performance, job satisfaction and employee commitment (Monroe & Denman, 1991). Moreover, when part-time instructors are uncertain about their role and responsibilities, students are more likely to perceive them as inept, powerless and vulnerable to manipulation (Cassebaum, 2001). Many part-time instructors have only a limited perspective of their university responsibilities, often because they have not received orientation (Ilg & Raisch, 2000) nor have they been given guidance by a faculty mentor (Wickun & 4 AASA Journal of Scholarship and Practice Winter 2005 Vol. 1, No. 4 Stanley, 2002). Not infrequently, they are assigned to teach in remote classrooms and provided little or no direction about using technology to support their teaching (Watson & McGregor, 2002). Many are disempowered by a lack of respect, both in the university in general and in the employing department specifically (Fulton, 2000) and this disconfirmation ultimately affects their students negatively (Burk, 2000). In professional schools, these instructors often are outside the mainstream of departmental governance and decision making (Popper, 1997) thus diminishing their ability to influence critical instructional decisions. A national study conducted several years ago found that 40 percent of all graduate programs in school administration employed fewer than five full-time faculty members (McCarthy, 1999a). When all or most courses and clinical experiences are staffed by adjuncts, the potential for a mediocre educational experience increases dramatically regardless of the discipline (Simpson, 1991). Commenting on the developing dependence on adjunct instructors in school administration, Shakeshaft (2002) aptly observed, "No high school principal would try to staff the curriculum with substitute teachers no matter how much the school board might save" (p. 30). Part-time faculty members also have been the source of problems. Many accepting part-time teaching positions eventually experience conflict between their primary and secondary responsibilities. When they do, classes typically get cancelled as practice-based responsibilities take precedent (Lyons, Kysilka, & Pawlas, 1999). In addition, some have elected not to follow course syllabi, opting instead to spend class time in unstructured discussions of their personal practice (Otto, 2000). Contrary to popular belief, students are not always enamored by instructors who tell "war stories" or engage self-promotion discussions instead of teaching intended course content (Lyons et al., 1999). A recent study found that 48 percent of part-time instructors admitted spending less than five hours per week preparing for class (AASA, 2002). Developing Policy Statements Given the potential pitfalls of indiscriminately deploying part-time faculty in a professional school, the need for policy in this area should be self-evident. Although policy statements obviously need to be fashioned separately for each institution, there are benchmarks that can guide the task. For instance, all policy for employing and assigning part-time faculty should be grounded in a program improvement vision and a strategy for achieving it. Both the vision and strategy should be developed collaboratively by the department chair, regular faculty and practitioners likely to serve as part-time instructors. Policymaking per se should address three issues: initial employment, deployment and development. Initial Employment Policy should stipulate documents that should be in place prior to recruiting and selecting part-time instructors. The first should encompass statements of purpose and values. The former identifies objectives associated with employing practitioners as part-time instructors and links the employment to program quality issues. The latter includes belief statements about professional preparation, differentiated faculty roles, collaboration between regular and adjunct faculty and the intended contributions of adjunct faculty. Second, decisions pertaining to rank, length of employment and compensation should be made before recruitment begins. Giving rank (e.g., adjunct assistant professor) can serve two purposes: providing different lev


Objective:To evaluate the influence of different size of ROI on the measurement of perfusion parameters in CT perfusion imaging(CTPI) of esophageal carcinoma.Methods:CTPI was performed in 21 patients with initially diagnosed esophageal carcinoma proved by pathology,including squamous cell carcinoma(15 patients),adenocarcinoma(4 patients) and small cell carcinoma(2 patients).The raw data were post-processed with perfusion 3.0 software.The parameters included blood flow(BF),blood volume(BV),permeability surface(PS) and mean transit time(MTT),which were measured with different size of ROI as 5,10,15 and 20mm2 respectively.The perfusion parameters with different ROI were calculated and analyzed statistically.Results:With ROI as 5,10,15 and 20mm2,the mean value of BF was 58.4,64.0,63.8 and 60.4ml/(min·100g) respectively,the mean value of BV was 4.3,4.5,4.5 and 4.5ml/100g respectively,the mean value of MTT was 6.9,6.6,7.0 and 7.4s respectively,and the mean value of PS was 11.6,11.4,12.9 and 13.2ml/(min·100g) respectively,which were calculated with F test and T test(P0.2).The parameters of these 4 groups had no statistical differences.Conclusion:The size of ROI had no influence to all the perfusion parameters of esophageal carcinoma on CTPI.The microcirculation characteristics of esophageal carcinoma could be quantitatively reflected by these parameters.


Electric Double-layer Capacitor ( EDLC ) is a new kind of enery storage device with high power density and energy density. The EDLC using active carbon as electrode material, including the manufacturing craft in making pressure, determining the quantity of the activate material and the electrolyte are discussed. Cyclic voltanimetry ( CV) , electrochemical impedance spectrometry ( EIS) and galvanostatic charge-discharge are used to test the performance of the electrode and the capacior. The conclusion is that the carbon electrode performs the best when the making pressure is 20 MPa, mass per unit area of active materials is 30 mg/cm2 and the the concentration of KOH solution is 7mol/l . Specific capacitance of such small capacitor can amount to 54.01 F/ g, and a supercapacitor of 1247.32 F is manufactured.


Double malignancies of the thorax involving a breast, the lungs, a rib, the skull and other distant areas are sometimes difficult to diagnose and evaluate when the patient is alive and treatment programs are being administered. This report illustrates some of the difficulties in diagnosis encountered by us.


This paper aims to highlight the existence of illegal peer-to-peer (P2P) lending in Indonesia, unethical practices of P2P lending operators to borrowers, regulatory weaknesses and offer recommendations to reduce unethical practices.,This paper is a general discussion through desk research using secondary data from journal papers, research reports, books and papers online.,There are regulatory weaknesses in regulating illegal P2P lending. There are no strict legal sanctions for P2P lending operators who act unethically to borrowers.,This paper discusses the unethical actions of P2P lending operators and the inability of regulations to take legal action against illegal P2P operators.