Cultural Anthropology Applied Anthropology, Social Policy 0751. Amannah, P.I. & Ebitimi, E. (2019). New media use and proficiency among communication educators in select South-South Universities Nigeria. AFRREV IJAH: An International Journal of Arts and Humanities, 8 (4), 173–191. Policy makers should include new media applications as part of the means for curriculum delivery in the educational system. 0752. Gadelrab, H.F., Alkhadher, O., Aldhafri, S., Almoshawah, S., . . ., Slimene, S. (2020). Organizational justice in Arab countries: Investigation of the measurement and structural invariance. Cross-Cultural Research, 54, 3–27. The four-dimensional model of justice is valid across studied countries at the configural, metric, and scalar invariance. 0753. Holmes-Skelton, G. (2019). For everyone?: Finding a clearer role for heritage in public policy-making. The Historic Environment: Policy & Practice, 10, 363–379. Creating a new perspective on heritage as a genuinely shared asset will be key to taking the next step for heritage on the public policy journey. 0754. Odewale, A.D. (2019). Local government and primary education in Nigeria: An overview. AFRREV IJAH: An International Journal of Arts and Humanities, 8(4), 138–146. Local governments remain the major actor and provider of primary education in Nigeria. Abstracts in Anthropology 2021, Vol. 77(3) 195–259 ! The Author(s) 2021 Article reuse guidelines: sagepub.com/journals-permissions DOI: 10.1177/0001345521998882 journals.sagepub.com/home/aax 0755. Okafor, C.O., Njemanze, V.C., & Onyeneje, E.C. (2020). Roles of perceived locus of causality, social distance and gender on willingness to volunteer in Nigeria local community. AFRREV IJAH: An International Journal of Arts and Humanities, 9, 9–20. Kinship and familiarity are significant predictors of willingness to provide help for victims of disaster. 0756. Paasche, H., Paasche, K., & Dietrich, P. (2020). Uncertainty as a driving force for geoscientific development. Nature and Culture, 12, 1–18. Different scientific methodologies must be used to recognize all types of uncertainty inherent to a scientific finding. 0757. Sharma, N. (2020). Challenges faced by the Bhotias for their livelihood and preservation of culture. International Journal of Sociology and Anthropology, 12(2), 51–58. While cultural preservation includes documenting and studying languages, preserving and restoring historic relics is significant to a culture or heritage. 0758. van Pinxteren, B. (2020). National culture and Africa revisited: Ethnolinguistic group data from 35 African countries. Cross-Cultural Research, 54, 73–91. Although the Minkov/Hofstede study still has merit, the picture is more nuanced in several important ways. Arts (Dance, folklore, graphic arts, music) 0759. Agu, D.C.C. & Okpara, M.U. (2019). The various levels of musical activities of the Igbo children in Igbo culture of Nigeria. AFRREV IJAH: An International Journal of Arts and Humanities, 8(4), 159 –172. The methods of imparting all musical knowledge vary according to age and music type. 0760. Alexander, P. (2020). "It's not a specific Klezmer thing, it's a specific me thing": Klezmer accordion in Berlin. Ethnomusicology, 64, 56–88. I trace the role and network relations of the instrument in contemporary klezmer music. 196 Abstracts in Anthropology 77(3)


To achieve disentangled image manipulation, previous works depend heavily on manual annotation. Meanwhile, the available manipulations are limited to a pre-defined set the models were trainedfor. We propose a novelframework, i.e., Predict, Prevent, and Evaluate (PPE), for disentangled text-driven image manipulation that requires little manual annotation while being applicable to a wide variety of ma-nipulations. Our method approaches the targets by deeply exploiting the power of the large-scale pre-trained vision-language model CLIP [32]. Concretely, we firstly Predict the possibly entangled attributes for a given text command. Then, based on the predicted attributes, we introduce an entanglement loss to Prevent entanglements during training. Finally, we propose a new evaluation metric to Evaluate the disentangled image manipulation. We verify the effectiveness of our method on the challenging face editing task. Extensive experiments show that the proposed PPE frame-work achieves much better quantitative and qualitative re-sults than the up-to-date StyleCLIP [31] baseline. Code is available at https://github.com/zipengxuc/PPE.


A novel amino-substituted neocryptolepine analogues 7 have been synthesized starting from methyl-1H- indole-3-carboxylate and N-methylaniline. The three pot reaction of 7 with aldehydes and triphenylphosphite in presence of zinc (II) triflate as a Lewis acid catalyst led to the formation of novel α- aminophosphonate derivatives 10 bearing neocryptolepine moiety in good yields. The synthesized compounds have been characterized on the basis of elemental analysis and spectral studies. The synthesized products have been screened in vitro for the antibacterial.


A conceptual runoff model is used to simulate the daily runoff from 67% glacierized basin of Lirung Khola. To estimate the melt from the debris-covered areas of the glacier, a simple calculation requiring global radiation, air temperature and albedo of debris-free ice and critical thermal resistance is introduced in the model. The sensitivity of the albedo and the thickness of the debris -cover are tested; the calculations with the albedo of 0.1 and 0.2 resulted in similar daily discharge. Under the assumption of the debris thickness 0.5-1 m, simulated results agreed fairly well with the observed discharge.


There are numerous countries which are regulated by the Basel II Accord that manifested different results from the 2007 subprime crisis. The United States and some European Countries emanated the subprime crises and experienced massive decline in market confidence as writeoffs became the order of the day. The write offs became so severe that the Federal Bank of the United States had to step in to offer massive bailouts to rescue the American banking industry. However, conversely to what happened in America, there some countries (including South Africa) which were also regulated by the Basel II Accord but did not experience massive write-offs as a result of the subprime crisis. This begs a question of whether there is a deeper reason for the failure of the American and European banking system to the extent that they had to bailout their banks during the 2007 financial crisis.


In this paper, we consider two polar dynamical models in which firms use debt (loans) to finance their investment expenditure: a three-dimensional supply-driven model and a sophisticated 20-D Keynesian growth model. In the first, firms' debt accumulations interact with the income distribution and resulting capital-stock and employment-growth patterns. In the second, a high-dimensional model, we have sluggishly adjusting prices and quantities, Keynesian demand rationing, and fluctuating capacity utilization for both labor and capital -- with all budget equations specified and a balanced-growth reference path. These polar growth perspectives are brought together in an intermediate 4-D dynamics, where the debt accumulation of the simple model is combined with the possibility of the deflationary processes of the general model. This intermediate case allows the formulation and investigation, both analytically and numerically, of situations of debt deflation in a demand-constrained setup that augments the insights obtained from the simple model and illustrates an important destabilizing feedback chain in the general 20-D dynamics.


It is probably not any more an interesting idea to ask the question, what is attention? William James emphasized the fact that all of us have some intuitive notion about this baffling phenomenon but none can define it. This is because attention does so many things and it is not a single process that can easily be tracked down. As indicated in Chap. 1, attention has been conceived as a binding glue which aids in object perception (Treisman and Gelade 1980), as a biasing mechanism which helps in selection of the task-relevant target (Desimone and Duncan 1995), as related to the action system (Norman and Shallice 1986), as a contributing agent in consciousness (De Brigard and Prinz 2010), etc. The attention system in the brain has been viewed as a network comprising several distinct functions such as alerting, orienting and executive control (Fan et al. 2005). Deployment of attention has also been viewed as goal directed or stimulus driven (Corbetta and Shulman 2002). This distinction refers to top-down guidance of attention specific to cognitive goals of the agent, or bottom-up capture of attention by external stimuli. This basic distinction of attentional control has been examined using the endogenous and exogenous cuing paradigm (Theeuwes 1991). This different conceptualization of attention relates to how attention has been implicated in different tasks and cognitive processes. Another crucial aspect of attention is its causal links with consciousness and its ability to bind diverse perceptions together (Cohen et al. 2012). Today, theories from object recognition to consciousness and social cognition, all use attention as a mechanism to explain a wide range of data. There is hardly any cognitive process which has not been shown to be influenced by some attentional manipulation. One of the most striking discoveries about attention is that it can orient in space, without the movement of the eyes. Posner (1980) first demonstrated that attention can be summoned to a location using a peripheral cue. Similarly, one can direct


Let G be a finite group and S a Cayley-subset of G.Denote the Cayley graphby X=X(G,S),where V(X)=G,E(X)={(a,b)|a,b ∈G,ba~(-1)∈S}.Let D_n be a2n-order dihedral group,S=S~(-1)={a,b,c} be a Cayley-subset of D_n,H_1=〈a,b〉,H_2=〈a,c〉.H_3=〈b,c〉.It is proved that,if D_n=〈S〉,then girth (X)=6,andif some there exists i(1≤i≤3)such that |D_n∶H_(?)| is even,then the 3-degree con-nected Cayley groups are H-graphs.The corollary from the above conclusion extendsthe result by D.L.Powers (1982).


One class of caryonides in stock 210, syngen 5 of P. aurelia, designated mc S, was found to be a persistent selfer. Cells of complementary mating type (IX and X) regularly appeared in cultures of the selfer caryonides. Type IX and type X cells arose independently of each other as mating reactivity began in the cultures. While the type X cells remained type X during their period of sexual reactivity, the type IX cells in some cases changed to type X. This unidirectional change of mating type in single cells occurred within an hour. Cell division was not required for the change. Under certain conditions, the expression of type IX was suppressed and cultures of mc S caryonides contained solely type X cells.

Similar unidirectional changes of mating type (from odd to even) occur in other syngens of P. aurelia. In these cases, as well as in those species of ciliates where persistent selfing occurs, variable gene activity seems the most likely explanation for the unstable mating type expression.


Cheap and easy to implement fourth-order methods for the Schrr odinger equation with time-dependent Hamiltonians are introduced. The methods require evaluations of exponentials of simple unidimensional inte-grals, and can be considered an averaging technique, preserving many of the qualitative properties of the exact solution. INTRODUCTION. In this work we present new fourth-order geometric


The Researchers proved that the process of soil erosion is also closely linked to climatic conditions of the region. Therefore, depending on the climatic conditions of the erosive processes are different in both forms of its manifestation, and the quantitative indicators of development. For example, in the north-eastern part of the Greater Caucasus Highlands powerful deposition of snow cover, high intensity of spring melting of snow and summer rain water rainfalls the calling intensive lavages and size of its development areas. But here, against a backdrop of high air temperatures during the growing season, pronounced wind regime and extremely low relative humidity of the air is wind erosion. Climate also affects the surface configuration. Humid areas where vegetation cover protects the soil from severe manifestations of water and wind erosion, characterized by soft, rounded slopes.


This article analyzes the legal forms of public-private relations in the automotive industry in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation. The automotive industry is a part of the transport engineering industry, which consists of a number of sub-sectors in the form of railway, aviation, sea, river, and pipeline transport. The author distinguishes the content and principles of public-private legal relations that form the basis of the Russian and Kazakh laws on public-private relations. The public-private partnership, laid down in the law, usually implies a social project, which must be implemented at the expense of financial investments of a private company and the relevant state body. The state body may otherwise determine its participation in the implementation of this project.
The specificity and difference between public-private relations and public-private partnership, in which the relations between the automotive engineering industry and the state are formed, is that there are no separate projects. Public-private relations are formed between the entire transport engineering industry (its factories and enterprises) and the state represented by the relevant ministry of industry of Russia and Kazakhstan. The Russian and Kazakh states subsidize this industry, which consists of private-joint-stock automobile plants, credit them, provide them with tax and customs privileges and preferences, assist in the creation and operation of Kazakh-Russian joint ventures in the automotive industry, and in return they receive significant taxes.
Analyzing the legal aspects of foreign economic activity of automobile industry enterprises, as well as actions to restore the economy of Kazakhstan and Russia, and their auto industry in connection with the coronavirus pandemic has required using the following methods: the comparative legal method, systemic analysis, dialectic method, and the method of legal projection.


To operate successfully in a competitive trading environment such as the Trading Agent Competition for Supply Chain Management (Collins et al. 2004) (TAC SCM), an agent has to allocate resources and set prices in a way that maximizes its expected profit. This requires the ability to detect changing market conditions and act accordingly. In TAC SCM six agents buy parts, assemble personal computers, and sell them in daily auctions to customers. Sales decisions in our agent, MinneTAC, are driven by three different models: an automated characterization and prediction of market conditions, which we call economic regimes (Ketter 2005), a linear program that optimizes daily sales quotas, and a model of order acceptance probability. While economic regime models are commonly used at the macro economic level (Osborn & Sensier 2002), such predictions are rarely done for a micro economic environment. We focus on the sales decisions the agent has to make, where predicting prices and customer demand play an essential role. The strategies we present have been inspired, among others, by the work of Kephart et al. (Kephart, Hanson, & Greenwald 2000). MinneTAC makes sales decisions in two steps. The first step is a strategic decision, where resources are allocated over a planning horizon in a way that maximizes expected profit over the horizon. The second step is a tactical decision, which determines the offer prices that are expected to sell the quantities determined by the strategic decision, given the current demand and the pricing model.


Fitting a model into GPU memory during training is an increasing concern as models continue to grow. To address this issue, we present Shapeshifter Networks (SSNs), a flexible neural network framework that decouples layers from model weights, enabling us to implement any neural network with an arbitrary number of parameters. In SSNs each layer obtains weights from a parameter store that decides where and how to allocate parameters to layers. This can result in sharing parameters across layers even when they have different sizes or perform different operations. SSNs do not require any modifications to a model's loss function or architecture, making them easy to use. Our approach can create parameter efficient networks by using a relatively small number of weights, or can improve a model's performance by adding additional model capacity during training without affecting the computational resources required at test time. We evaluate SSNs using seven network architectures across diverse tasks that include image classification, bidirectional image-sentence retrieval, and phrase grounding, creating high performing models even when using as little as 1% of the parameters.


An image sending apparatus (200) includes a first authentication means for performing processing for first authentication to authenticate a user, a storage means (210) for storing authentication information (5000) used when the first authentication means authenticates the user, a sending means capable of sending image data by a plurality of kinds of sending methods, a destination setting means for setting a destination to which the sending means sends the image data, a second authentication means for performing processing for second authentication required for the sending means to send the image data to the destination set by the destination setting means, and a determination means configured to determine whether to use the authentication information (5000) stored in the storage means (210) when the second authentication means performs the processing for the second authentication, based on the sending method by which the sending means sends the image data to the destination.


Using Referential Communication to Study Mental Models Julia Kalmanson (email@example.com) Department of Psychology; Columbia University, 406 Schermerhorn Hall New York, NY 10027 Arthur B. Markman (firstname.lastname@example.com) Department of Psychology, University of Texas, Mezes Hall 330 Austin, TX 78712 Abstract In this paper we evaluate the utility of a referential communication paradigm to study the content and use of mental models. In this task pairs of people collaborate to determine which of a set of infra-red images depicts a physically possible situation. We demonstrate that the referential communication task provides insight into the interaction between the content and use of naive theories of physics in a problem-solving domain. Introduction Causal explanation is critical for our daily existence. Causal connections support our perception of the world as coherent, and they give us a sense of mechanism,- a sense of how things work. Our control of the physical world is to a great extent dependent on the accuracy of our understanding of the mechanics of the world. A prominent suggestion is that causal knowledge is organized into theories that people use to reason about the world. The term "theory" has been used in a number of different ways by psychologists (see e.g., Gopnik & Meltzoff, 1997, for a discussion). One view assumes that theories are large bodies of knowledge that are coherently organized according to a few well-defined principles, so that all explanations can be deductively derived (e.g., Kuhn, 1991). A more local view of theories is presented by Murphy and Medin (1985), who define theories as any host of mental explanations, rather than a complete organized scientific account (p.290). Schemas and scripts contain implicit theories of causality that allow us to explicate the world, although may not possess properties of coherence and consistency. One area where theories have received extensive attention is in naive physics, which is concerned with understanding how knowledge and experience are integrated to create an understanding of the mechanics of the world. Despite the fact that physical principles describe properties of objects with which we interact daily, people have serious difficulties understanding formal principles of physics. People's understanding of fundamental physical principles has been described as incoherent and full of misconceptions (diSessa, 1993; McCloskey et al., 1980; Clement, 1982; Cooke and Breedin, 1994). Various theories have been proposed to account for these difficulties. Some researchers have suggested that these misconceptions arise from basic misunderstandings of physical systems that are formed prior to any formal training in physics (Caramazza and Green, 1980; McCloskey, 1983a, 1983b). The systematic nature of some errors has led researchers to suggests that certain misconceptions are not idiosyncratic, but instead are based on a more general system of beliefs or a naive theory (Clement 1982; McCloskey, 1983a, b). These theories are described as systematic, general, coherent, well-developed and well articulated conceptions that conflict with basic principles of physics, but that nonetheless adequately explain observed events in the world (McCloskey, 1983b). An alternative view contends that people's understanding of physical phenomena is a collection of fragmented and loosely connected ideas about the world that can be used to generate situation specific explanations (diSessa, 1988, 1993). In his view, naive theories are nothing more than ad hoc explanations that are invented for particular situations. Ueno (1993) in his re-interpretation of diSessa's theory points out that these explanations are socially formed and shared. They are maintained through communication and are to a great extent guided by conversational pragmatics. For example it would be anomalous to cast a simple sentence like Susie slapped Tom in it's Newtonian physics equivalent of Tom's face slaps the palm of Susie's hand, while the force of Susie's slapping is the same as the force of Tom's slapping . In everyday discourse the latter sentence would be judged nonsensical. This reinterpretation is in line with current research on the role of communication in category acquisition. Category representations are structured in a manner that facilitates communication. People typically learn categories in the process of communicating with others. Further, people are constrained to form categories that are shared by other members of their culture if they are to use them effectively (Garrod & Doherty, 1994; Malt, 1995). In this view naive theories of physics are pragmatically motivated explanations of complex phenomena that are socially constructed to support our simplistic categorizations of the physical world. Ultimately, of course, we would like to understand the structure of people's naive theories. In the present paper,


[Objective]To observe the Danshen Injection Biejiaruangan pill combination treatment compensated liver cirrhosis clinical observation.[Method]48 patients with alcoholic fatty liver using Salvia injection Biejiaruangan pill combination therapy,With the control group for comparison.[Results]The patients in the treatment group with decompensated cirrhosis,serum indexes of liver fibrosis and portal vein diameter changes, much better than the control group.[Conclusion]Danshen Injection Biejiaruangan pill combination can effectively reduce serum HA,LN,PC Ⅲ,while effectively reduce the portal width and thickness of the spleen,and block the occurrence of cirrhosis decompensation,markedly improved the survival of patients with life expectancy and quality of life.


Topical crawlers are becoming important tools to support applications such as specialized Web portals, online searching, and competitive intelligence. As the Web mining field matures, the disparate crawling strategies proposed in the literature will have to be evaluated and compared on common tasks through well-defined performance measures. We have argued that general evaluation methodologies are necessary for topical crawlers. Such methodologies should (1) characterize classes of crawling tasks that support applications of different nature and difficulty, and (2) define performance measures for fair comparative evaluations of crawlers with respect to notions of precision, recall, and efficiency that are appropriate and practical for the Web. We have proposed a general framework for the evaluation of topical crawlers that relies on independent relevance judgments compiled by human editors and available from public directories. Such a framework synthesizes a number of methodologies in the topical crawlers literature and many lessons learned from several studies conducted by our group. It is our desire to generate a debate that can ultimately lead to some consensus in how to standardize the evaluation of topical crawlers, and possibly even to a crawling task in the Web Track of TREC. Background and Motivation Topical crawlers, also known as topic driven, focused, or preferential crawlers, are an important class of crawler programs that complement search engines. Search engines serve the general population of Web users. In contrast, topical crawlers are activated in response to particular information needs. These could be from an individual user (query time or online crawlers) or from a community with shared interests (topical or vertical search engines and portals). The crawlers underlying search engines are designed to fetch as comprehensive a snapshot of the Web as is possible; topical crawlers are designed to target portions of the Web that are relevant to the triggering topic. Such crawlers have the advantage that they may in fact be driven by a rich context (topics, queries, user profiles) within which to interpret pages and select the links to visit. Today, topical crawlers have become the basis for many specialized services such as investment portals, competitive intelligence tools, and scientific paper repositories. One research area that is gathering increasing momentum is the evaluation of topical crawlers. The rich legacy of information retrieval research comparing retrieval algorithms in the non-Web context offers many evaluation methods and measures that may be applied toward this end. However, given that the dimensions of the crawler evaluation problem are dramatically different, the design of appropriate evaluation strategies is a valid challenge. In a general sense, a crawler may be evaluated on its ability to retrieve "good" pages. However, a major hurdle is the problem of recognizing these good pages. In an operational environment real users may judge the relevance of pages as these are crawled allowing us to determine if the crawl was successful or not. Unfortunately, meaningful experiments involving real users for assessing Web crawls are extremely problematic. For instance the very scale of the Web suggests that in order to obtain a reasonable notion of crawl effectiveness one must conduct a large number of crawls, i.e., involve a large number of users. Crawls against the live Web also pose serious time constraints. Therefore crawls other than short-lived ones will seem overly burdensome to the user. We may choose to avoid these time loads by showing the user the results of the full crawl — but this again limits the extent of the crawl. Next we may choose indirect methods such as inferring ∗Contact author. Tel: +1-319-335-5708, Fax: +1-319-335-5374. Email: p firstname.lastname@example.com . Partially supported by National Library of Medicine grant No. RO1-LM06909 †Current affiliation: School of Informatics and Computer Science Department, Indiana University. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com . Partially supported by National Science Foundation CAREER grant No. IIS-0133124


Acyloxy group exchange at the nitrogen atom proceeds in the interaction of N-acyloxy-N-alkoxyureas, N-acyloxy-N-alkoxybenzamides and N-acyloxy-N-alkoxycarbamates with Na and K carboxylates in MeCN.


Although foraging of plovers is usually considered to be a stereotypical /"run-stop-peck" activity (Urban 1986), various other forms of obtaining prey have been recorded. These include probing (Piersma 1996), hawking (Urban 1986) and foot-trembling (Steyn 1966).


We describe the motivation and main ideas of the formal ap- proach to the algebraic topology which was developed recently. The work provides some machinery allowing the authors of Mizar articles to obtain more advanced and more valuable results, mainly in general topology, but also in algebra. Some aspects of the Mizar language are also discussed based on the examples taken directly from our developments.


Marginal tolls are known to provide the existence of an optimal equilibrium in atomic congestion games, but unlike nonatomic games, there might be additional equilibria even with linear cost functions on resources. In this paper, we show that in games with a large number of players, all equilibria are near-optimal.


This investigation focuses on two well-preserved impact structures developed in sedimentary target rocks: the ~23.5 Ma old Haughton structure, Canada, and the ~14.5 Ma old Ries structure, Germany. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hypervelocity impact into sedimentary targets. The study reveals that a series of different impactites are present at Haughton, the bulk of which comprise a groundmass of impact-generated melts (calcite + silicate glass ± anhydrite). Thus, carbonates, evaporites, sandstones, and shales underwent shock melting during the Haughton impact event. The shock melting of impure carbonates resulted in the generation of Mg–Ca–Si-rich melts that crystallized calcite during rapid cooling. The residual melt quenched to Mg–Si-rich glass. These impactites should, therefore, be classified as clast-rich impact melt rocks or impact melt breccias, and not clastic matrix breccias as previously held. Ries surficial suevites are reinterpreted as clast-rich impact melt rocks or impact melt breccias. Four main types of impact melt glass are present, in contrast to previous studies that recognized only one type. These results are at odds with the current, generally accepted, definition of suevite. Given that the Ries is the original type occurrence of 'suevite', some redefinition of the term suevite may be in order. Furthermore, it is clear that sedimentary rocks, as well as crystalline rocks, were shock melted during the Ries impact event. The results of this study are, therefore, incompatible with previous models in which the zone of melting is restricted to the crystalline basement. It is apparent that impact melting in sedimentary targets is much more common than previously thought. Furthermore, there is no unequivocal evidence for the decomposition of carbonates or evaporites at any terrestrial impact site. Many previous assumptions about the response of sedimentary rocks during hypervelocity impact events are, therefore, incorrect. The products of impact into sedimentary targets may appear very different from those developed in crystalline targets. However, microscopic imaging and analysis suggests that these seemingly different lithologies may be genetically equivalent. Thus, the apparent 'anomaly' between the amount of impact melt rocks formed in sedimentary and crystalline targets may be due to a misinterpretation of the rock record.


Understanding patterns of habitat use by newborn-sized animals is critical to conserving threatened species and their potential nursery grounds. Giant Shovelnose Rays (Glaucostegus typus) are Critically Endangered but at least locally abundant in the Australian portion of their range, providing an opportunity in Australia to understand what types of habitat features are associated with newborn and youngof-the-year individuals in the absence of intense fishing pressure. To investigate this, we used replicated belt transects to study Giant Shovelnose habitat use and abundance in shallow (< 0.5 m), shoreline waters. 28 whole-island surveys were conducted at low tide over 2 years on Heron Island, Australia. In total, we counted 552 Giant Shovelnose Rays, 79% of which were newborn class (< 40 cm in length), in both sand flats and shallow areas with rock rubble. These habitat characteristics are consistent with other studies of Giant Shovelnose Rays in Australia, adding to the existing knowledge that these juvenile animals commonly use shallow waters. Studying newborn Giant Shovelnose habitat characteristics in a portion of their range where they are still locally abundant can offer a roadmap for managers to locate key regions to protect within imperiled portions of their range. Copyright all content: © 2020, Gaskins et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Handling editor: Peter Valentine Citation: Gaskins LC, Morton JP, Renzi JJ, Valdez SR, Sillman BR. 2020. Habitat features associated with newborn Giant Shovelnose Rays (Glaucostegus typus). North Queensland Naturalist 50: 73-79.


The article presents a way of reinforcing concrete beams with innovative composite materials in the form of basaltic-epoxy bars. Considering the carrying the element out in the technology of the prefabrication, the main assumptions and aims of the method and economic conditioning were described. Examples of domestic, modern engineering objects made in the prefabricated structure were expressed. The particular attention was devoted to the issue of the cover of the composite reinforcement conditioning the permanence of the ready element. In the part of the article devoted to the numerical analysis of the new construction, is characterized the most important mechanical and physical parameters of used composite bars and presented the assumptions of the method of the numerical modeling of beams subjected to clean bending. For the optimum evaluation of the element a research set was prepared in the form of the reinforced beam by composite bars, and another one by steel rods and concrete beam without the reinforcement - enabling evaluation of the correctness of the method. The analysis is opening the doors for the more accurately research on the usefulness of the composite reinforcement of the concrete prefabrication to the modern construction.


Nonthermal effects of terahertz radiation on living objects are currently intensely studied, as more sources of this radiation type and devices employing it are being constructed. Terahertz radiation is increasingly used in security and inspection systems, medical and scientific appliances due to its low quant energy, which does not cause severe effects on organisms as other radiation types with higher quant energies do. The aim of this study was the identification of protein complexes participating in the response of the archaea Halorubrum saccharovorum H3 isolated from an extreme natural environment to terahertz radiation. We developed a microfluidic system for irradiation of bacterial and archaeal cultures with terahertz radiation and performed a 5-hour-long exposure of H. saccharovorum to terahertz radiation at a wavelength of 130 μm and a power density of 0.8 Wt per cm2 for 5 h. We identified under- or overexpressed proteins in response to terahertz radiation using 2D electrophoresis with subsequent MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. A total of 16 differentially expressed protein fractions with at least 1.5-fold changes in expression level were detected. The obtained data suggest that Halorubrum cells respond to exposure to terahertz radiation by expression changes in gene products involved in translation regulation.


We present a detailed investigation of the surface electronic structure of solid K3C60 and Rb3C60 in connection with their electronic transport properties. The best conducting samples with the highest superconducting transition temperature Tc have the highest density of states at the Fermi level as measured by photoemission, but the valence of the C60 ions at the surface deviates appreciable from the 3- bulk value, namely 2.5- or even 1.5-depending on the preparation procedure. Despite the large discrepancy in the electronic structure, we find, using ultra-high resolution photoemission, that these surfaces have a BCS-like superconducting gap Δ which is not reduced from the bulk value, i.e. close to the weak coupling 2Δ/kBTc=3.53 value.


This paper presents an efficient method for designing complex infinite impulse response digital filters in the complex Chebyshev sense. The proposed method is based on the formulation of a generalized eigenvalue problem by using the Remez multiple exchange algorithm. Hence, the filter coefficients can be easily obtained by solving the eigenvalue problem to find the absolute minimum eigenvalue, and then the complex Chebyshev approximation is attained through a few iterations starting from a given initial guess. The proposed algorithm is computationally efficient because it not only retains the speed inherent in the Remez exchange algorithm but also simplifies the interpolation step. Some design examples are presented and compared with the conventional methods. It is shown that the results obtained by using the method proposed in this paper are better than those obtained by the conventional methods.


A first molecular genetic study was done on the diversity of archaeal communities in two sites, Bashtir and Genka, of the Manzala Lake, Egypt, based on culture-independent 16S rRNA gene analysis. Bulk microbial DNAs were extracted from surface water and sediment samples collected from both the two studied sites. The archaeal 16S rRNA gene was positively amplified from the DNAs of all samples by PCR. The amplicons were cloned and analyzed directly by sequencing followed by statistical and phylogenetic analyses. The results recorded 6, 10, 16 and 9 archaeal phylotypes in Bashtir water, Genka water, Bashtir sediment and Genka sediment, respectively. Based on Libshuff pairwise clone library comparisons, the 16S rRNA gene phylotypes from Bashtir sediment encompassed the phylotypes of Genka sediment, while the phylotypes of Genka sediment accounted only a minor portion of those of Bashtir sediment. The recovered phylotypes from water samples showed phylogenetic differentiation from those from sediment samples, an observation implicating the phylogenetic distinction between water and sediment archaeal communities. Several recovered phylotypes from water and sediment samples located in the phylogenetic branch of the phylum Euryarchaeota. On the other hand, the phylum Crenarchaeota characterized, mainly, the phylotypes recovered from sediment samples. In the term of affiliation to species, several phylotypes, mainly from water samples, closely related to known Euryarchaeotic methanogenic species Methanothrix soehngenii, Methanospirillum hungatei and Methanocorpusculum labreanum, implying uncommon occurrence of methanogens in surface waters. The Crenarchaeota- like phylotypes affiliated to the thermophilic species Thermofilum pendens and Staphylothermus achaiicus, implicating the global distribution of those species in even moderately temperate habitats like that of Manzala. Most of the recovered phylotypes belonged to unculturable archaeal species. Several recovered phylotypes from water and sediment samples grouped into unique phylogenetical clusters, suggesting new archaeal phyla and classes characterizing the sampling sites. The success of this study was identification of the total composition of archaeal communities in the studied sites and the discovery of novel archaeal species, that never recorded by traditional techniques


We present a new experimental method to correlate the isotopic composition of intermediate mass fragments (IMF) emitted at mid-rapidity in semi-peripheral collisions with the emission timescale: IMFs emitted in the early stage of the reaction show larger values of $ $ isospin asymmetry, stronger angular anisotropies and reduced odd-even staggering effects in neutron to proton ratio $ $ distributions than those produced in sequential statistical emission. All these effects support the concept of isospin "migration", that is sensitive to the density gradient between participant and quasi-spectator nuclear matter, in the so called neck fragmentation mechanism. By comparing the data to a Stochastic Mean Field (SMF) simulation we show that this method gives valuable constraints on the symmetry energy term of nuclear equation of state at subsaturation densities. An indication emerges for a linear density dependence of the symmetry energy.


The aim was to assess the ability of bicarbonate‐extractable P (Olsen P) to estimate total plant‐available P (TPAP) in reclaimed marsh soils (Aeric Endoaquepts) which differed widely in P buffering capacity (PBC). Total plant‐available P was estimated as the cumulative P uptake for a final concentration of 0.02 mg P/L in the soil solution which is the typical P requirement for field crops. The Olsen P estimated for that concentration was adopted as the critical level for crop production. We found that TPAP was better predicted by anion exchange resin‐extractable P (AER‐P) (65% of variance accounted for) than by Olsen P, probably because the effectiveness of the AER depends on the soil P buffering capacity, a factor that greatly influences the availability of P to plants. The critical Olsen P level was found to depend on those soil properties affecting the relationship between sorbed P and P in soil solution, viz. the P buffering capacity of soil, the Na/Ca mole ratio in the 1:1 soil:water extract, which explained 63 and 84% of the variance in the critical level, respectively, and the affinity of the sorbing surfaces for P. These properties must be taken into account when using Olsen P as the P index for fertilizer management.


The pilot unit is developed for adaptation of the absorptive mathematical model in a scrubber of the Venturi on a finding of factors of phase equilibrium by algorithm working off in the absorptive processes of extraction SO2 on water. The technique of work by test tests of trapping CO2 for water which have shown adequate work of a scrubber of the Venturi in the cascade with a spray separator-cyclone separator is completed.


Chromosomal abnormalities are implicated in the etiology of primary amenorrhea. The underlying chromosomal aberrations are varied and regional differences have been reported. The objective of this study is to describe the prevalence of various types of chromosomal abnormalities in Sri Lankan women with primary amenorrhea.


Abstract A method for inverting an additive×additive relationship matrix due to sire and maternal grandsires is presented. It is based on a recursive relationship between these epistatic effects in offspring and male ancestors (sires and maternal grandsires) expressed in terms of a transition matrix between generations. The required inverse is a function of this matrix and of the inverse of the variance-covariance matrix of segregation residuals ( R ). This matrix is at least as sparse as the additive×additive relationship matrix. Without inbreeding, R is often diagonal or block diagonal, so the calculations required are easier than those needed for direct inversion.


The cause of ovarian cancer is not known with certainty. Several factors are thought to be associated with the incidence of ovarian cancer include risk factors,
hormonal factors, genetic and familial factors, and environmental factors. The aims this research to determine risk factors for ovarian cancer and to analyze factors that influence ovarian cancer risk. The sample of respondents of this study 62 ovarian cancer (cases) were taken in total sampling of respondents in the Oncology Unit RSUD Dr. Soetomo and 62 is not cancer (controls) was taken as
simple random sampling in the Gynecology Unit RSUD Dr. Soetomo. Chi Square statistical test results obtained liaison between age with ovarian cancer (p value =
0.022 with α = 0.05, OR = 4.229 value with CI = 1.306 to 13.697); no liaison between age of menarche with ovarian cancer (p-value = 0.528 with α = 0.05); no liaison between menopausal women with ovarian cancer (p value = 0.013 with α = 0.05, OR = 4.628 value with CI = 1.439 to 14.882); no liaison between parity with ovarian cancer (value p = 1.000 with α = 0.05).Analyze liaison between variables using chi square tests. The test results of analysis show two risk factors associated with p < 0.05 which are the age (p = 0.022, OR = 4.229; 95% CI: 1.306 to 13.697) and menopausal (p = 0.013, OR = 4.628; 95% CI: 1.439 to 14.882). Variables that did not relate that the age of menarche (0.528), parity (1.000). Factors associated with the incidence of ovarian cancer in Oncology Unit of RSUD Dr. Soetomo are
age and menopausal.


Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) are known for their role in cancer. Lapatinib drug have been reported to be the molecules of interest, with potent anticancer activity and they act by binding to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) site of protein kinases. ATP binding site of protein kinases provides an extensive opportunity to design newer analogs. Here we aimed to do the molecular docking studies for the potent anti-cancer drugs iressa, tarceva and capsaicin against the breast cancer treatment. The estimated free energy of binding and inhibition constant are highly differed with each drugs compared to the current market available drugs and bioactive compounds. Our results strongly suggest that the bioactive compound capsaicin activity would be comparable with the commercially available cancer drug. Further study indicates that in silico method would be an important tool for the drug design and development against cancer.


RECENT RESEARCH has indicated that how interesting a text is will affect students' cognitive performance. This kind of "interestingness," or text-based interest, was the focus of the study. More specifically, the authors attempted to develop strategies to create text-based interest in expository texts used in schools in order to improve children's recall. Three versions of a single text were constructed utilizing three interest-evoking strategies. All fourthand sixthgrade students in one suburban school were randomly assigned to study and recall one of the versions. Although overall recall was relatively high across the three text versions as compared with recall of standard texts in an earlier study, the strategies did not result in any significant difference in recall. However, children's interest ratings indicated that two of the three strategies resulted in increased subjective interest. A content analysis performed on the recall protocols showed that the interest-evoking strategies were most effective in increasing children's recall of concrete, specific, or personally involving information, and did not enhance the acquisition of more abstract, general, or scientific information.


This paper aims to investigate consumer choices among different segments of people when purchasing fresh products and it further explores how visual appeal, price, and information play a role in consumer choice. A quantitative study with an online choice experiment was carried out on a convenience sample of 90 respondents. A chi-square test for independence was used to find if the product choice is dependent upon visual appeal and price, a McNemar Test to find if an information nudge can change a consumers' choice, finally, a linear regression analysis was performed to see how purchase decision varies between the segment groups of age, gender, education, income, and household composition. This study reveals that Sri Lankan consumer preferences for optimal products over sub-optimal products. Further, the price (discount) of fresh produce has an impact on the consumers' choice and consumers can be influenced (nudged) to make certain purchase decisions. Moreover, consumers' purchase decisions of optimal or sub-optimal products are not influenced by certain socio-demographics (gender, age, income, household composition). These findings provide an important insight into the choice of fresh produce among organic produce and offer useful suggestions in designing marketing strategies for that particular product. Further, the study also shows how nudges can be used to make consumers choose better options. This is one of the first studies done in Sri Lanka that looks at consumer choices among different segments of people when purchasing fresh produce. The study has the potential to make an impact in consumer choices in encouraging organic consumption and sets the platform to the broader subject, wastage of fresh produce. modal habits of by product brand or presentation form) 2013). Taking all these factors into consideration, this study focuses on the following two factors that influence consumers' choices: (a) optimal and sub-optimal food choices, and (b) Choice Architecture and Nudges. preferences on optimal and suboptimal fresh produce and responses of different customer segments (demographics), and response to changes in price (discounts) and to gauge the response to the concept of nudge in behavioral economics. The findings provide important insights into consumers' choice of optimal and suboptimal products. The results show that consumers react positively to optimal products and color, texture, etc. are factors that influence the purchase decision. Price changes impacts consumers' choice in purchasing that fresh produce and consumers can be influenced by a nudge which highlights the health aspects has a greater impact on the consumers purchasing that product. This study further shows that consumers' purchase decisions of optimal or suboptimal products are not influenced by socio-demographics (gender, age, income, household composition).


Implementation of Quality Management Systems (QMS) in road construction is becoming a requirement in Local Government (LG) and there is a need to provide a clear understanding of what QMS means and to provide a clear direction on the development of QMS procedures.


My research aims to define the Orphic beliefs and mysteries through the examination and analysis of the Orphic writings and evidence. I will be dealing with four main components which are: the Derveni Papyrus, the Orphic Rhapsodies, the Gold Tablets and the Olbian Bone Tablets. Apart from discussing these components individually, I will also inter-relate them through a narrative, conceptual and semiotic approach and comparison.

Scholarship up to now has examined the aforementioned components individually, which did not allow for a substantial in depth comparison to take place. This is partly due to the fact that the Orphic Rhapsodies survive through innumerable fragments which do not offer a coherent picture of their contents. Part of my thesis, therefore, deals with this matter through attempting to reconstruct the surviving text of the Orphic Rhapsodies.

Apart from these main components, I will also discuss numerous primary literary and archaeological sources referring directly or indirectly to Orphism, Orphics or Orpheus, and covering a chronological period from the 8th century B.C. up to Late Antique. This is essential in order to place Orphism in a historical and sociological context, and to enhance our observations considering the ancient attitudes towards Orphism.

Through this all-encompassing approach to one of the most intriguing matters in the field of Classics, I hope to offer some useful insights as to how Orphism can be defined and gain a better understanding of the Orphic practices, texts and beliefs.


This second issue of Journal of Family Social Work in 2011 addresses parents and their interactions with their children, including the impact of parental mental disorders on children and parents' access to services to improve child outcomes for children with disabilities, children in at-risk families, and families where violence occurs. In ''Parenting Among Mothers With Bipolar Disorder: Children's Perspectives,'' Meenakshi Venkataraman uses children's words to elucidate the relationship between mothers and children, when the mother has a diagnosis of bipolar disorder. Addressing both parenting strengths, such as the mother who cheers her child up, and concerns, for instance, when a mother screams at the children, Venkataraman personalizes children's experiences. Also looking at the relationship between mother and children, Yula Dinshtein, Rachel Dekel, and Miki Polliack examine its mediating influence on children whose fathers have a diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The authors found, in ''Secondary Traumatization Among Adult Children of PTSD Veterans: The Role of Mother–Child Relationships,'' that adult children of fathers with PTSD demonstrated greater emotional impairment than did adult children whose fathers did not have PTSD. Adult children with PTSD who reported a caring mother had fewer intimacy issues as adults. Regina T. P. Aguirre, Peter Lehmann, and Joy D. Patton, in ''A Qualitative Look at the Perceived Strengths of Male Batterers: Implications for Intervention Programs,'' talked with men who were participating in a county criminal court diversion program because of domestic violence convictions. Men identified job-related, social, and physical skills as their primary strengths. The authors suggest that using these strengths as the basis for intervention might lead to positive changes in behavior while protecting families. Two articles examine the service delivery system and families with children with disabilities. ''Parents' Definition of Effective Child Disability


While Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) are potentially the future of transportation, one of the main issues that need to be addressed is their behaviour and response to adverse weather conditions. Herein we propose a research frame to understand and mitigate the impact of weather stressors (wind, rain, snow, ice, and fog) on AVs. A recently launched initiative to design and engineer an indigenous Canadian road vehicle serves as a background for this intended framework. The proposed frame consists of: (i) on-road testing and numerical (CFD) simulations to derive statistically significant critical weather conditions (weather design cases, WDCs); (ii) simulation of these weather conditions in the ACE climatic wind tunnel at Ontario Tech University, Canada in order to (iii) identify adaptive controls to minimize the effects of the WDCs on vehicles improving their aerodynamics, safety, and sensor functionality. This framework is intended to: (i) provoke discussions among the AV industry and research stakeholders in Canada and elsewhere and (ii) provide a context for future research in related areas such as AV aerodynamics, maneuverability, weather impacts (e.g. wind, rain, snow, ice and fog), sensors and soiling.


Recently, the relation between coronary arterial remodelling and ischaemic coronary disease has become a focus of investigation.1 Positive coronary arterial remodelling has been shown to be more frequent in acute coronary syndromes, including acute myocardial infarction (AMI), whereas negative remodelling has been shown to be more frequent in stable angina.2 However, in the case of AMI, preceding clinical presentations of the onset vary among patients and it is well known that patients often undergo episodes of unstable or stable angina.3 Furthermore, no studies have correlated remodelling and the presence of prodromal symptoms. In this study intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) was performed before coronary intervention to evaluate the possible correlation between the arterial remodelling at the culprit lesion site of AMI and the prodromal symptoms.

Ninety four consecutive patients presenting with their first AMI were considered for entry into this study. AMI was diagnosed on the basis of coronary angiography, ECG, prolonged chest pain (> 30 minutes), and subsequent elevation of creatine kinase. Twenty two of these patients were excluded because of either an inability to make the IVUS catheter pass across the lesion before angioplasty (n  =  5), no proximal reference site defined due to a large side branch (n  =  4), or poor ultrasound image quality (n  =  13). Finally, 72 patients (60 men, …


InxGa1−xAs films have been grown by molecular beam epitaxy on graphoepitaxially grown germanium films on nickel replica sheets fabricated from an anisotropic etched silicon (001) surface. The crystallographic and optical properties of the InxGa1−xAs films have been characterized. The crystallographic orientation of the heteroepitaxial InxGa1−xAs has a small deviation from the orientation of synthesized surface relief in the graphoepitaxial substrate. This deviation in the heteroepitaxial film is caused by misorientation of the crystallographic orientation during the graphoepitaxial growth of germanium. The energy gap of the InxGa1−xAs has also a slight deviation from the expected one. The mechanism and its evidence have been studied.


The field of electronics is the fast developing science and in the present scenario, its contribution to the technology is growing rapidly. Continuous usage of these devices generates high heat .This induces thermal stresses in the electronic circuits, leading to the failure in the components .The generated large heat flux is not removed effectively and it leads to deterioration in the effective functioning of the electronic devices. Also, the effective thermal management becomes one of the major serious challenges in many technologies because of constant demands for faster speed and continuous reduction of device dimensions. Heat pipe is a special type of heat exchanger that transfers large amount of heat due to the effect of capillary action and phase change heat transfer principle .It is a simple device with no moving parts that can transfer large quantities of heat over fairly large distances without requiring any power input


Tobacco leaf curl Yunnan virus (TbLCYNV) isolates Y136 and Y143 were both shown to contain DNAβ molecules. Seven DNAβ molecules, each consisting of 1334-1341 nucleotides, were cloned and characterized. Sequence comparison showed that they were of two main types: type 1 included five DNAβ molecules with 75-99% overall nucleotide sequence identity, and type 2 included two DNAβ molecules with >99% overall nucleotide sequence identity. Only 52-54% nucleotide identity was found between the two types of DNAβ molecules. The two isolates were associated with both types of DNAβ. A relationship dendrogram analysis showed that type 1 DNAβ molecules clustered with the DNAβ molecules of Tomato yellow leaf curl China virus, whereas type 2 DNAβ molecules clustered with the DNAβ of Tomato yellow leaf curl Thailand virus. Evidence was also provided that type 2 DNAβ molecules may have arisen by recombination between the DNAβ of Tobacco curly shoot virus and another unidentified virus. To date, only a single type of DNAβ molecule had been found to be associated with one begomovirus. The possible reasons of TbLCYNV associated with two types of DNAβ molecules are discussed.


We present a model for the asymmetric optical response of a sandwich type dye doped nematic cell in a pump-probe experiment. The different initial anchoring strength on the two po lymer surfaces and the absorption of the Ar + laser beam explain the time dependent rotating angle


In this paper, I show that Hicks neutral technical change is identified as the information of order sigma obtained if the distribution of factor prices is replaced by the distribution of factor efficiency parameters. Together with Solow's residual, the information method enables us to distinguish between the neutral and non neutral part of technical and organizational changes. An empirical evaluation of both methods is provided using Jorgenson's (2001) US data for the period 1948-1999. The main results of the paper are that i) both neutral and non neutral technical change have occurred in the US in the period 1948-1999 and ii) 3/4th of the productivity slowdown observed in the 70s and 80s is due to a deceleration in the contribution of non neutral technical changes.


The complex formation of meso-tetrakis-(1-methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphine p-toluenesulfonate (TMPyP) with zinc ions was examined at various pressures. By the application of high pressure, the second-order reaction rate constant for the metallation was increased to give the negative volume of activation (ΔV{). This result suggested that the activated complex is more strongly hydrated than the reactants. By the presence of anionic polyelectrolytes such as polyacrylic acid sodium salt (NaPAA, polymers with five molecular weight ranges from 1.1×103 to 6.6×105 were used) and poly(l-glutamic acid sodium salt) (Mw = 3.7×104), the metallation reaction was largely accelerated, whereas neither poly(l-lysine HBr salt) (Mw = 3.6×103) nor poly(ethylene glycol) (Mw = 1.1×104) affected the reaction at all. The acceleration effect of polyanions could be intuitively attributed to the accumulation of the cationic TMPyP in the vicinity of the polyanion to afford a supra-molecular porphyrin complex (polyanion-TMPyP), resulting in the increase in the collision probability of TMPyP with a zinc ion which was also accumulated in the polyanion domain. The degree of acceleration by the presence of NaPAA was the largest when the molecular weight was 2.5×103. The volume of activation (ΔV{) in the presence of polyanions was less negative in comparison with that for the spontaneous reaction, due to the more pronounced dehydration of the activated complex than the reactants in the vicinity of the polyanion. A good correlation between the ΔV{ value and the entropy of activation (ΔS{) for the metallation in the presence of various polyanions supported that the acceleration effect could be related to the solvation effects.


Describes a novel low-cost CMOS process, which reduces the number of process modules by reversing the process sequence before gate electrode formation, "retro process sequence". The damage of gate oxide from ion implantation and heat treatment are investigated by TDDB and burn-in. The results suggest this novel process can be applied to LSIs. It is possible to cut down the production cost of wafer before gate electrode formation by 40%.


Multi-color infrared detection is an important function of thermal imaging since it can be used to acquire the temperature profile of an object. Quantum well infrared photodetectors (QWIPs), because of their tunability in terms of both detection wavelength and spectral lineshape, are uniquely qualified for this application. However, the realization of multi-color detection in a 2D staring array format has been impeded by the difficulties in simultaneously coupling light into different wavelength regions. Conventional coupling schemes, such as diffraction gratings, have been shown to be inadequate for this purpose, due to the fact that their coupling efficiency is wavelength dependent. In view of these problems, we proposed a new light coupling geometry for QWIPs, which we dubbed the corrugated QWIP (C-QWIP). The coupling efficiency of this new structure has been demonstrated to be independent of wavelength, and is thus qualified as a candidate for multi-color detection (Chen et al, Appl. Phys. Lett. vol. 68, p. 1446, 1996, and vol. 71, p. 3045, 1997). In this work, we report the fabrication of a two-color C-QWlP and the experimental results of tests of its ability for remote temperature sensing.


The Blacksburg Electronic Village (BEV) provides the citizens of the Blacksburg, Virginia a community website with many services and sources of information. This paper presents the initial ideas in the design of social networking software that will expand these existing services and provide the government of Blacksburg with features to elicit citizen feedback and support citizen-to-citizen deliberation, as well as providing easily accessible information concerning town activities. We used Really Simple Syndication to provide useful information to citizens and extended an existing plugin to add valuable features such as ICS subscriptions. Copyright is held by author/owner(s) Tapia'07, October 14-17, 2007, Lake Buena Vista, Florida, USA ACM 978-1-59593-866-4/07/0010


Recovery is a broad concept, pertaining to one's life goals, rather than to just getting symptoms under control. It means successfully living with a mental illness by not being confined by it; embracing hope, empowerment, and self-determination; and focusing on one's personal life goals and roles in society. The goal of the recovery model of mental health treatment is to empower individuals to achieve their full potential in life. Individuals themselves decide on their personal goals for treatment and recovery instead of mental health professionals deciding for them. Recovery requires learning, support, courage, and patience. People who are successfully living with psychosis, including peer specialists (also called peer counselors or peer navigators), can help support others with similar experiences because they have had their own journey in recovery.


The school children have been taking a growing part in industrial and agricultural production. This work has been widening their polytechnical outlook, and developing their ability and skill in production of material value. The ties between the schools and the industrial establishments or collective farms, however, must not be limited to problems of production training alone, for the production teams and their splendid revolutionary and labor traditions are of inestimable educational value to the pupils.


The kinetics of the oxidation of Tinidazole (TNZ)-1-(2-ethylsulfonylethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitro-imidazole by sodium salt of bromamine-T-(BAT;N- bromo -p-toluene sulfonamide-p-CH3 C6H4SO2NBrNa.3H2O) in HCl medium has been studied at 303 K. The oxidation reaction follows first order with respect to [BAT] 0 [TNZ]0 and [HCl]0. Addition of, p-toluene sulfonamide (PTS), a reduction product of BAT and the ionic strength (NaClO 4) of reaction medium shows negligible effect on the oxidation rate. The reaction mixture fails to induce polymerization of acrylonitrile suggesting the absence of in situ free-radical formation. The presence of halide ions and (H + ) ions exhibit significant effect on the reaction rate. The dielectric constant is negative. The Michaelis -Menten type of kinetics has been proposed and activation parameters (Ea, ∆H # , ∆S # , ∆G # ) for the rate deter mining step and the composite reaction have been determined. Formation and decomposition constant have been evaluated. The protonated oxidant C6H5CH3SO2NH2Br + is the active oxidizing species and it react with TNZ. The oxidation product of TNZ has been characterized. A probable mechanism consistent with the kinetic data has been proposed. Key wards: Oxidation Kinetics, Tinidazole, Bromamine-T, Acid medium


Theodore Roosevelt once said, "Far and away the best prize that life offers is the chance to work hard at work worth doing." According to the latest predictions of the Bureau of Labor Statistics, total employment is projected to increase by 21.3 million jobs over the 2002-12 period (Monthly Labor Review, February 2004). While the number of jobs may increase, the content of work is ever changing. Some occupations are growing (health, computer, and environment-related roles) while others are declining (administrative support, production, and telephone operators). Workers will be needed to replace those who are leaving the workforce through retirement or occupation changes and new jobs (perhaps new industries) will emerge with advances in technology. Searching for work has never been more challenging than in the 21st Century. It is critical that today's workers be more informed, more alert to changing conditions, and more active in managing and guiding their work and career than ever before. No collection of articles can fully cover the plethora of issues related to jobs, careers and search for work. This issue of the Journal explores the theme of Work Search not as a single event, but as an ongoing process of learning, changing, adapting and growing. The articles in this issue range from looking at work and cultural shifts over the last 50 years to practical advice for navigating the job interview. In Mapping the New Territory, Martin Kimeldorf reflects on work, technology and cultural shifts over the last 55 years. He compares and contrasts careers from the 1950s-60s through the current era and projects where we may be headed in the next decade. His projections include engaging in a lifelong process of gathering meaning because we can no longer rely on familiar routines and unchanging institutions. James Tan and Ken Graham review empirical literature on how applicants should behave during interviews in What Applicants Need to Know about the Interviewing Process: Separating Fact from Fiction. They address three critical areas 1) nonverbal behavior and personal appearance; 2) verbal behaviors; and 3) impression management tactics; and summarize the research on the impact of interview training interventions. Their article suggests that interviewees can influence ratings through a variety of means under their control. Karl Haigler approaches the employment interview from a different perspective in Preparing for an Employment Interview as a Process of Discovery. He suggests that competencies provide a framework and language for understanding one's self and preparing for a job interview. The author notes that understanding how a particular firm views competencies can reveal much about what it seeks from candidates and that information can help a candidate present him or herself in language that is meaningful to the organization. The author provides practical tips and resources for enhancing self awareness and preparing for a job interview by using competencies and behaviors as a framework. Linda Hodge, in Early Career: Focus on Firsts, describes the importance of work search and managing one's career experiences in the first ten years. While careers can't be planned with a high degree of accuracy in today's changing business environment, the author highlights the need for educating young professionals about how successful careers are built and what to look for in terms of experiences. The article presents what researchers and thought-leaders say about early career development with respect to first job, first boss, first job change and first time leading others. In Middle Career: The Paradox of Fit and Flexibility, Linda Hodge focuses on a common struggle many people face in the middle of their career-the desire to settle in and get comfortable in a role and the need to stay flexible to changing conditions. …


Advancements in the numerical modelling of 3D woven composites have allowed improved understanding of the mechanical behaviour and in turn aided the design and analysis of new materials. The objectives of this paper are to utilise FEA (Finite Element Analysis) methods to determine the elastic properties of a given woven composite. The investigation focuses on satin weaves, considering both 5-harness and 8-harness varieties. Multi-scale analysis results of an RVE are used to formulate the stiffness matrix and consequently determine the elastic properties; these will be compared to published analytical methods and experimental results. Further investigations considering the effect of weave parameters on the elastic properties are conducted.


The biological characteristics of Sericinus montelus were investigated in Shanghai during 2006-2007.It was found that the insect occurred for 3 generations annually and overwintered as pupa.The head capsule width of its larva at the lst,2nd,3nd,4th and 5th instar stagses was 0.07±0.01,0.13±0.02,0.22±0.04,0.34±0.05 mm and 0.45±0.06 mm,respectively.And correspondingly the development period of the larva was 2.14±0.38,3.43±0.53,3.57±0.97,2.42±0.54 d and 4.14±0.89 d,respectively.The duration of hunger tolerance of the 1st instar larva averaged 4.67±0.71 d.The total leaf amount eaten by the larva was 8 970.87 mm2 in leaf area.The lifetimes of female and male adults were 6.90±1.07 d and 5.57±0.98 d respectively.The sex ratio of female to male was 1∶1.43.The field tests showed that the corrected mortality of the larvae was 91.76%,91.23%,82.32% and 81.85% at 7 days after spraying respectively with 3 000-fold dilution of 2.5% Lambda-cyhalothrin,2 000-fold dilution of 2.5% Bcnzoy lphenyl ureas,3 000-fold dilution of 5% Chlorfluazuron,and 2 000-fold dilution of 1.8% Abamectin.


N-Methylene phosphonic chitosan(MPCS) was synthesized by the reaction of chitosan with phosphoric acid and formaldehyde in the presence of HAc.Three new MPCS organotin esters,MPCS-SnPh3,MPCS-Sn(PhCH2)3 and MPCS-SnBu3,were further synthesized by the reaction of MPCS with organotin in the presence of benzene or toluene and characterized by IR,13C NMR,TG/DTA and X-ray.The molluscicidal activity tests showed that the oncomelania death rate was 100% at the concentration of MPCS organotin ester above 1.00 mg/L in 48 h of soaking time.


Dear Chief in Editor Development of cities is a manifestation of life in the present communities, and beyond this facade of development, many problems may threaten health and welfare of citizens. In fact, modern cities are now facing difficulties in public health and safety [1]. The issue of "environmental health and safety" and the protection of people against environmental hazards, pollutants, and anomalies can greatly influence the quality of human life [2]. Given Maslow's theorem and pyramid of human needs, safety and security are among the primary and fundamental needs of human [1], and until such a need is not provided for, he cannot appropriately take advantage of his environment. Urbanization and intensified population density in cities, shrinkage of houses, and citizens' desperate need for outdoor leisure and recreation have made safety of outdoor spaces highly important for citizens. The physical and psychological safety and security provided in reactional spaces are essential to their quality of application and display of appropriate reactional behaviors by citizens, such that providing these conditions at different psychological levels encourages particular behaviors in people, and provides for synergy between behavior and the environment. Safety of recreational and leisure spaces is particularly important to vulnerable groups. As the most vulnerable group, children are exposed to greater risks in deteriorating environmental and social conditions. Urban hazards Journal of Research & Health Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center Vol. 6, No. 2, May & Jun 2016 Pages: 195 -196 Letter to Editor


Strengthening the teachers' morality in colleges is the base of the construction of the teachers' troops and advancing thr qualified education.But at thr present time,the teachers' morality system in colleges is not clear: the concept is Abstract;the management is obscure and the test is not practical.In order to make colleges develop fast,building a complete teachers' morality ayatem is crucial.


Quality control and improvement at the process level is a vital activity for the achievement of quality in products and services. This paper presents a three-phase scheme based on statistical process control methodology that employs variable control charts and process capability indices for quality improvement. The control charts employed are X-bar, s and the exponentially weighted moving average. The centred process capability ratio (Cpm) is employed for process capability assessment. The scheme accounts for both short-term and long-term changes in process performance and it is designed for a structured and less-complex implementation of control charts and process capability assessment. The proposed scheme has been implemented to the manufacturing process of empty hard gelatin capsules as a case study. This implementation has led to an expected reduction in the number of defective capsules by 29% relative to the stage before implementation.


Research into educational technologies tends to focus on applied phenomena, with the consequence that theoretical concerns can be implicit or invisible. We identify an impatience with theory that is reflected in calls for "pragmatic" approaches, and ask how critical theory is in educational technology research. We contend that notions of theory drawn from naturalistic sciences that inform learning design give rise to a theory/practice distinction in which theoretical concerns are subsumed under practical goals, constraining the potential for rich conceptualisations and explanations. We make the case that theory matters in two senses: it has institutional and pedagogical implications for educational outcomes, and it is integral to the practices associated with educational technologies. Further, we claim that the material arrangements in educational technologies are often overlooked, and propose alternatives to this dualistic separation towards a relational theory-practice-researcher nexus.


The aim of the present study was to analyse the existence of postnatal depression (anxiety and depression) in a sample of women from the Valencian Community (East of Spain) as well as its evolution two months after delivery. A sample of 101 women resident in the City of Valencia and surrounding villages, that gave birth in the Maternal Ward of the University Hospital "La Fe" of Valencia, were surveyed. Depression was assessed by means of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS; Cox, Holden y Sagovsky, 1987),the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI; Spielberger, Gorsuch y Lushene, 1970) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI; Beck, Rush, Shaw y Emery, 1979). The main results point out that a high percentage of women overcome the cut-off points established for diagnosis of depression according to EPDS in both moments of the study (32% and 26% respectively). Depression level was related with bad pregnancy and difficulties of coping with the new experience (p ≤ 0,05). An important prevalence of postnatal depression was observed. The ways they live pregnancy and cope with changes have proved to be related to depression in these women.


Abstract Sixteen species of lichenicolous fungi are documented from Siphula-like lichens. Two new genera based on new species are introduced. Amylogalla Suija, Motiej. & Kantvilas, characterized by I+ blue, K/I+ violet vegetative hyphae and ascomatal wall, immersed, cleistohymenial, yellowish to orange ascomata, unitunicate, non-amyloid, 8-spored asci and hyaline, ellipsoid, aseptate ascospores, is described from Parasiphula in Tasmania. Saania Zhurb., characterized by superficial, stromatic, multilocular ascomata, non-amyloid hymenial gel, persistent periphysoids, bitunicate, non-amyloid, 4(–8)-spored asci and narrowly obovate to ellipsoid, 1(–3)-septate, initially hyaline and smooth-walled, later sometimes brown and verruculose ascospores, is described from Siphula in South Africa. Four additional species are described as new: two from Siphula (Cercidospora santessonii Motiej., Zhurb., Suija & Kantvilas and Stigmidium kashiwadanii Zhurb.) and two from Parasiphula (Endococcus hafellnerianus Motiej., Suija & Kantvilas and Pyrenidium macrosporum Motiej., Zhurb., Suija & Kantvilas). Additional hosts and/or expanded geographical ranges are reported for Aabaarnia siphulicola, Epigloea soleiformis, Plectocarpon gayanum and Pyrenidium actinellum. The Southern Hemisphere is the centre of species richness for siphulicolous fungi, with 12 species restricted to this region. Taxa recorded for the Northern Hemisphere are Sphaerellothecium siphulae (arctic and boreal) and the subcosmopolitan Epigloea soleiformis and Pyrenidium actinellum, both of which are also known from various lichen hosts. The distribution of siphulicolous fungi strongly underpins the current generic classification of Siphula-like lichens, with five species being confined exclusively to Parasiphula and nine to Siphula. A key to the taxa occurring on Siphula and Parasiphula is provided.


The paper examines the determinants of corporate effective tax rates at firm level.We find that there's positive and significant relation between ETR and firm size,but there's no significant relation between ETR and financial leverage,fixed asset density.Considering the role of medium sized and small enterprises in national economy,we select variables that represent company governance and employees scale in our empirical research,those variables also have significant relation with ETR.


The genomic DNA polymorphism and phytochemical variation of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni was investigated by RAPD-PCR and HPLC analysis. For initial PCR screening, about hundred oligo-nucleotide primers were used to amplify the genomic DNA from three accessions of S. rebaudiana (L1 to L3). The concentration of stevioside content was quantified by using HPLC analysis. A total of 9 primers were finally selected to generate RAPD fingerprints that revealed 111 bands, in which 90 bands (81%) were found to be polymorphic bands. Three accessions were clustered into two major groups in the dendrogram and the stevioside content variation was linearly associated with these groups. This result was further confirmed by principle coordinate analysis. There was also high diversity in the concentration of active compounds in the collected samples as revealed by HPLC analysis. Data revealed that stevioside content varied between 15.82 mg/g DW (L1) to 4.68 mg/g DW (L3). The present results suggested that there was a strong correlation between the phytochemical variables and the DNA polymorphism data. The present study concluded that the results of the genetic and phytochemical diversity could be used to select best accessions for planting and conservation of S. rebaudiana for pharmaceutical applications.


PURPOSE: This study focuses on the safety and hemodynamic effects of dobutamine stress echocardiography. METHODS: Seven hundred and thirty five consecutive patients underwent dobutamine stress echocardiography for the evaluation of coronary artery disease and or cardiomyopathy. Dobutamine was administered intravenously at incremental doses of 5, 10, 20, 30µg/kg/min, at 3min intervals. The maximal dose was 40 or 50µg/kg/min. RESULTS: Dobutamine significantly (p<0.0005) increased the heart rate (from 72±12bpm to 117±23bpm), systolic blood pressure (from 133±21 to 157±29mmHg) and the rate-pressure product (from 9.635±2.100 to 18.400±4.050, p<0.0001) from baseline to peak infusion rate, respectively. There was a significant increase in heart rate (p<0.05) at each infusion step, except for the 50µg/kg/min dose, when the heart became stable. There were no deaths myocardial infarctions, or episodes of sustained ventricular tachycardia. Common non cardiac side effects included nausea, anxiety, headache, tremors and urgency in 55 (7.4%) of the patients. Angina pectoris occured in 10 (1.4%) of the patients. The most common arrhytmias were usually mild. CONCLUSION: Dobutamine stress echocardiography is safe, and well tolerated. In this study complications such as myocardial infarction, death, ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation did not occur. There was no additional increase in heart rate with doses greater than 40µg/kg/min. The advantage of stress echocardiography protocol with peak doses of 50µg/kg/min is questionable.


he age-stage-specific life table that incorpolates variable developmental rateamong individuals and male adults is reported for the armyworm, Mythimna sepa-rata (Walker), reared on young corn leaves at 23°c. The method of its constructionis diagramed, according to which, the net reproduction rate of the worm population(R0) was calculated to be 155.88; the intrinsic rate of increase (rm), 0.1120; andthe mean generation time (T), 45.08 days. All values of these parameters are somewhatdifferent from those obtained by means of the traditional age-specific life table,and the cause of such differences is analysed. Advantage of the new life table incomparison to the traditional one is briefly discussed.


Smart home environments account to a major portion of the total energy consumption in today's world. The residents of smart home environments wish to find solutions that reduce the energy costs along with providing an optimal indoor environment for the residents. Another significant aspect in smart home systems is efficiency of tasks management and control commands' execution for smart home actuators. In this paper, we propose an optimal control solution for smart home environment based on smart home energy optimization and control tasks' load dispatching and scheduling. Optimal control is achieved by first defining an objective function for minimizing energy cost which is implemented using VB-PSO (velocity boost particle swarm optimization) algorithm. Next, the control tasks are generated using rule set implemented in fuzzy logic; defined based on optimal values achieved from VB-PSO. A Markov model based mechanism dispatches control tasks at scheduler, for efficient scheduling and optimal control. The results show that the proposed optimization scheme saves up to 29.73% energy costs on average, in comparison to baseline scheme. The proposed tasks' load dispatching scheme of admission control, makes the job of load balancing among the processors efficient while giving priority to the urgent tasks. The results for scheduler evidently show the low dropping probabilities for urgent tasks along with showing 34.9% reduction in tasks' starvation rate and 36.82% reduction in average tasks' instances missing rates.


The proposed research explores a relatively new area of expression detection through facial points in a sign language to enhance the computer interaction with the deaf and hard of hearing. The research mainly focuses on facial points collected from Kinect as basis for expression detection as opposed to numerous gesture based studies on sign language. This helps in deploying the applications in smart phones as it is feasible to capture facial point easily rather than hand gestures. Exhaustive experimentation is carried out with ten different machine learning algorithms for detecting nine different types of expression modeled as different binary classification problem for each expression. This is done for user dependent model and user independent model scenarios. The optimal classifier for each expression is found to outperform the current state-of-the-art techniques and has ROC area greater than 0.95 for each expression. It is found that user independent model's performance is comparable to user dependent model, hence is suggested as it is easy and efficient to deploy in practical applications. Finally, the importance of each facial point in detecting each type of expression has been mined, which can be instrumental for future research and for various application using facial points as basis for decision making.


Integrated analysis of geophysical data can provide valuable information on reservoir properties, on the basis of which exploration, appraisal, and development decisions can be made. Hence, we have introduced a quantitative interpretation workflow that integrates dual-sensor seismic and Towed Streamer controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) data. The workflow was designed to facilitate a reliable extraction of the complementary information from the two datasets. The seismic contribution starts with a depth-converted sparse horizon model to initialize the EM inversion, but it is not placed rigidly. This makes good sense when taking into account the uncertainties in seismic data, in the time to depth conversion, and more importantly, the fact that a reservoir can be hydrocarbon-charged to an unknown degree corresponding to the spill-point or less. We show how this approach enables a robust and reliable workflow for integrating EM and 3D seismic data with data examples acquired in an area with the complex geology of the Bressay, Bentley and Kraken (BBK) fields in the North Sea. The three heavy oil reservoirs are injectites, located in close proximity to other high resistivity settings, such as the shallow gas in the overburden, regional Balder Tuff and granite intrusions, resulting in challenging imaging issues.


A multi-channel (9*X) data acquisition system based on FPGA and MCU is developed, which can be used for signal field strength detection of base station equipment such as RFID. The system consists of data acquisition array, central controller, embedded firmware, and upper computer. Using the modular design method, the data acquisition array can be designed by changing the number of channels. The single-channel data acquisition module has a sampling resolution of 16 bits, a sampling rate of 200 kSPS/ch and dynamic range 70dB. The master-slave architecture is used to realize multi-channel synchronous acquisition of data. When the central controller communicates with the upper computer, it controls the operation of the single-channel data acquisition module and obtains the sampling data in a parallel manner. The embedded firmware is written in Verilog and C language to realize data acquisition, buffering, and sending and receiving of uplink and downlink signaling. The upper computer has the functions of system control and communication, establishes a data link with the central controller through the Ethernet cable, and obtains multi-channel sampling data through signaling. The system verifies the performance of the multi-channel data acquisition system through Analog-to-digital converter, single-channel data acquisition module and system performance test.


122 Background: Mammography adapted during the COVID-19 pandemic to accommodate social-distancing guidelines and minimize risk of exposure, but it is unclear how these accommodations potentially provoked existing inefficiencies or illuminated opportunities to redress them. The goal of this study was to compare rates of (1) diagnostic follow-up after a BIRADS 0 (i.e., incomplete) screening mammogram and (2) biopsy following a BIRADS 4 or 5 (i.e., biopsy recommended) diagnostic mammogram before and after onset of the pandemic. Methods: We included women ≥18y who underwent a BIRADS 0 screening mammogram and/or BIRADS 4-5 diagnostic mammogram at our institution from 3/15/19-3/15/21. Given seasonal variation in care receipt, pre-COVID (3/15/2019-3/15/20) and COVID (3/15/20-3/15/21) time periods were compared at a quarterly level. Case-mix adjusted associations between time-to-follow-up and COVID vs pre-COVID quarters (Q1-4) were estimated using multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. Results: We identified 17,918 women (Asian: 985, Black: 4054, Hispanic: 840, White: 11,302) who received a total of 14,388 BIRADS 0 screening and 6410 BIRADS 4 or 5 diagnostic mammograms. There were far fewer diagnostic mammograms in COVID Q1 vs pre-COVID Q1 (Table), and they were more likely to be followed up with biopsy (HR 1.21 [95% CI 1.03-1.44], p = 0.023). COVID Q3 (HR 0.92 [95% CI 0.86-0.98], p = 0.002) and Q4 (HR 0.88 [95% CI 0.83-0.95], p < 0.001) screens were less likely to be followed up with diagnostic mammograms but volumes were higher vs the respective pre-COVID quarters (Table). However, COVID Q3 patients with BIRADS 4 or 5 mammograms were 18% more likely to undergo biopsy than their pre-COVID Q3 counterparts (HR 1.18 [95% CI 1.07-1.31], p < 0.0001, Table) despite higher COVID volumes. Conclusions: Early in the pandemic, patients were more likely to receive mammographic follow-up, potentially due to lower patient volumes and enforced strategies for more efficient, less time-intensive care delivery. These gains were lost with regards to diagnostic follow-up for screening mammograms but maintained with regards to performing biopsies. As volumes return to or surpass pre-pandemic levels, health systems must work to identify and preserve operational efficiencies gained during the early pandemic.[Table: see text]


Thirty lactating Damascus goats were used to study the effect of marjoram or basil essential oils dietary supplementation on feed utilization and lactational performance. After 7 days of parturition, the goats weighing 41.0±0.8 kg were grouped int three groups 10 goats each using complete random design and fed the experimental treatments included: (1) control diet: consisting of CFM: berseem clover ( Trifolium alexandrinum basil oil / kg DM; (3) control diet plus 20 ml marjoram oil / kg DM. Digestibility of DM, OM and EE were significantly increased (P < 0.05) with marjoram oil treatment compared to the control treatment. Inclusion of marjoram increased (P < 0.05) milk yield, FCM 4% yield, ECM yield and yields of TS, fat and lactose and fat percent, blood serum glucose and triglyceride, propionic, valeric and total SCFA concentration compared with control treatment. Milk efficiency as ECM/DM intake was increased (P=0.0089) with the marjoram


According to the characteristics of the discrete time/cost trade off problem(DTCTP) in project networks,an effective genetic algorithm for solving the project deadline problem was developed. A strategy to obtain effective time/cost curve is presented based on this genetic algorithm. The code scheme,genetic operators and algorithm structure are also described. The computational results for a large number of project instances reveal that the genetic algorithm is effective for the DTCTP.


ABSTRACT Blechnum heringeri Brade is an endemic species from Brazil previously considered vulnerable. Until recently, there was a very limited number of records for this species, all from the Cerrado Phytogeographical Domain in central Brazil. Subsequent studies have reported its occurrence in the rupestrian grasslands (campos rupestres) on the "cangas", within the Amazonian Domain. Here we present the first record of B. heringeri for northeastern Brazil, from an enclave of cerrado vegetation in the middle of the Caatinga Domain (Ceará State). This new record significantly extends the distributional range of the species, about 1,000 km from the known records in the Amazon and Cerrado Phytogeographical Domains. We also show that the species is associated with open vegetation or the transition between open vegetation and riverine forests, being recorded in cerrado vegetation, riverine forests associated with the cerrado, cerrado enclaves in the Caatinga and Amazonian Domains, and Amazonic campos rupestres on "canga".


This work investigates the combined effects of a time-dependent effusion rate and a spatially varying viscosity on the thickness profile of a flowing lava. We formulate relatively simple governing equations as a primitive dynamical model for these two influences on lava flow morphology. Free boundary solutions for the profile of the flow and its extent are presented and analyzed for different boundary conditions at the source of the flow and several models for the spatial dependence of the viscosity. The results presented here suggest that time dependence in the flow depth at the source and the form of the viscosity variation are significant influences on the morphology and dimensions of lava flows. Moreover, this analysis implies that time-dependent source conditions may contribute to the scatter in plots of eruption rate versus flow length and disparities between field and laboratory estimates of lava viscosity.


This paper is aimed to examine and understand the feasibility of replacing dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) with disulfide oil (DSO) in olefin units of the Amir Kabir Petrochemical Refinery (Khuzestan, Iran). This substitution not only provides a very low-priced supply for replacing DMDS in olefin plants, but also it restrains emitting poisonous sulfur gas to the environment. Considering the fact that the conversion of DSO to hydrogen sulfide required a longer residence time related to DMDS, the DSO pilot was built to examine this alteration. Comparing the results with those of DMDS revealed that this pilot allowed for complete replacement. The polynuclear aromatics mechanism was the predominant mechanism, and optimization results showed that three selected parameters (temperature, retention time, and DSO injection rate) affected the CO production. The rate of CO formation was very similar for using both cases. The total sulfur content, which is an environmental pollutant and a component of gasoline, was also co...


The band structure, density of states, and electronic properties of a 32-atomic supercell of a semiconductor compound TlGaS2 containing neodymium are calculated. On the grown new single crystals of TlGaS2: Nd3 + (0.3 mol% Nd2S3), experimental results on the physical properties have been obtained. The temperature (93–538 K) and frequency (5104–3.5107 Hz) dependences of the dc and ac conductivity and the frequency dispersion of the dielectric coefficients of TlGaS2: Nd3+ single crystals have been studied. It was found that in TlGaS2: Nd3 +, in the entire studied frequency range, there are losses due to electrical conductivity, and the charge transfer has a hopping character. The parameters of localized states are estimated, such as the density of localized states near the Fermi level and their spread, the average hopping time and distance, and the concentration of deep traps responsible for the dc and ac conductivity in TlGaS2: Nd3+.


Primary school children eating apples. During the war some apples which were normally exported were distributed free to schools, kindergartens etc. Taken by John Pascoe in 1944.
Quantity: 1 b&w original negative(s).


The new approach for the synthesis of the title compounds requires substrates which can be conveniently prepared in two steps from commercial 2-chloro-3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde.


While radiation detection at ambient conditions has become a mature technology, detectors that work at the most extreme conditions in a nuclear environment in terms of temperature and radiation are still a challenge to be mastered. Among the most extreme conditions are those found in pyroprocessing, where high-temperature molten salts and electric fields are used to separate and collect fuel isotopes. For this technology, on-line techniques for measuring U and Pu concentrations are needed. One possible technique would use an alpha-particle radiation detector that operates inside of the reprocessing tank, if the solution to allow decays of U and Pu to be distinguished. 4H-SiC Schottky diode detectors in contact with the molten salt can potentially fulfill this need. Concentrations would be determined via alpha-particle spectroscopy, taking into account the absorption of alpha particle energy in the molten salt. Because of the complexity of the pyroprocessing environment, an initial feasibility study was performed to investigate if the resolution of the detector was sufficient to distinguish and quantify the alpha particle emissions of U and Pu in the molten salt mix. SRIM 2010 was used to estimate the energy