The focus of this chapter is to review results from studies that were designed to address the general issue of how to view the nature of associations between physiologic and behavioral traits. I will concentrate on experiments that have addressed the specific issue of relationships between behavior and cardiovascular function, with a special emphasis on the development of hypertension. Although the review will be selective and egocentric, I believe the principles and questions that emerge from the discussion of these studies will stimulate interest in the important problem of how to probe and describe phenomena that are inherently products of interactions between biological and psychological processes. The topics I will discuss are divided into two broad areas. First, I will describe several genetic co-segregation studies that highlight the importance of questioning and testing presuppositions about how traits might be linked. Myron Hofer has, in an all too rare unveiling of the true process of scientific investigations, expressed the embarrassment that was prompted by a review of his early ideas and assumptions about the effects of mothedinfant interactions.' I too will divulge errors of simplistic thinking, but I hope to convince the reader that this is a flaw only to the extent that these ideas remain untested. The studies in the second area focus on a different view of how behavioral traits of organisms come to be associated with certain characteristics of adult cardiovascular function. These studies demonstrate that although associations between behavioral and cardiovascular traits may not be of the type I had originally envisioned, there are other types of relationships that deserve further examination. Two homozygous strains of rats have been used in nearly all of the studies I will review. One of these, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), was derived by selectively mating animals with high systolic blood pressures.2 SHR have now been inbred for well over 50 generationsS3 The second


This study proposes a topology of wind energy conversion system based on hexagonal modular multilevel converter (H-MMC), which can connect the wind turbine and the AC grid with one stage conversion. It has the advantages of low power losses, low ripple of capacitor voltage and transformer-less grid connection. The operation principle of the proposed topology is analysed in detail. Then, the positive and negative sequence control method is proposed to eliminate the second harmonics in the output power of H-MMC under asymmetrical grid faults. The double proportional resonant (PR) controller is proposed to track arm current references without steady error. The effectiveness of the proposed topology and its control method are verified by simulations and hardware in loop tests.


The 2008 documentary Blue Gold: World Water Wars drew attention to the blossoming issue of global water scarcity, asserting that the "wars of the future will be fought over water as they are over oil today."1 Though a big claim, water scarcity requires world attention because, in addition to creating conflicts itself, conflicts also increase water scarcity. Landmines and other explosive weaponry not only accelerate soil erosion "leading to the depletion of soil fertility," they also increase water pollution and make access to clean drinking water more difficult and, at times, dangerous.2


An unconventional decision model describes consumption and investment with severe Knightian uncertainty. Investors do not maximize utility. Instead, utility is satisflced and robustness to uncertainty in returns is maximized. Information-gap models quantify Knightian uncertainty. Discounted life-time utility leads to an info-gap generalization of the Lucas asset-pricing model. This suggests an explanation of the equity premium puzzle without large Arrow-Pratt risk aversion. With robustsatisflcing, we show that reasonable values of risk aversion and discount rate are consistent with observed equity premium, risk-free rate and consumption growth.


This article examines the formal policy-making process in Northern Ireland and the use of qualitative research. The multi-level nature of governance is explained with the division between devolved and non-devolved powers and the respective roles of the Northern Ireland Government and the UK Government as well as the different levels of policy-making within the Northern Ireland system of governance. Institutions for policy-making set up in 1999, following the Good Friday Agreement are based on a form of consociationalism or power sharing, which produces a coalition government involving all the main parties. The nature of government strategy statements, consultation papers, legislative proposals, Assembly committee reports and policy documentation is examined in terms of their use of qualitative analysis and evidence. It is argued that the limited use of qualitative research and evidence reflects three main factors: a lack of political consensus, a deficiency in policy capacity and an absence of conceptual analysis. These barriers to the use of qualitative evidence and the promotion of qualitative research are also put in a wider context of a range of constraints in the form of political, ideological, communal and vested interests.


Taking the urban roadside greening scene in saline-alkali areas with underground high water level as an object of study,under the prerequisite of recognizing the realistic problems,takes the system research on such a situation,finally,summarizes the design and construction strategies of urban road greening scene in saline-alkali areas with underground high water level,and put forward the key technologies that are suitable for such conditions.


The topic of the paper are the basics of design of a machine for testing the conveyor belts. At the beginning of the work, the characteristics of conveyors and their traction elements are stated. According to the standards for testing the belts of belt conveyors and on the basis of previous research, the calculation of the machine construction was performed. After the calculation, the design of the machine and the analysis of the finite elements of the checked critical parts were performed. At the end of the work, guidelines are given for further research and possible upgrades of the machine in terms of more advanced testing.


A status report is given on the preparations of a protoype TPC, which contains all the necessary infrastucture to study the required performance of a full scale TPC for an experiment at the International Linear Collider.


High pressure in the workplace can increase the risk of heart disease among women under the age of 50, a Danish study of nurses indicates, but not among women aged between 50 and 64, as other factors become more important in determining the risk.

The link among men between stress at work and a higher risk of heart disease is well documented. However, the authors of the study, led by Karen Allesoe at the Research Centre for …


Materials and Molecular Research Division Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley, CA 94720 The technique of photofragmentation translational spectroscopy has been used to study the photodissociation of CF 2BrCH2I at excitation wavelengths of 248, 266, and 308 nm. The primary photofragments are CF 2BrCH2 and either Ie P1/ 2 ) or Ie PS/ 2 )' although some C-Br bond fission does occur at 248 and 266 nm. A large fraction of the CF 2BrCH2 radical product contains enough internal excitation after the primary process to undergo secondary dissociation into CF2CH2 and Br. Secondary dissociation is also observed to take place at 248 and 266 nm via absorption of a photon by the CF 2BrCH2 photofragment. By observing the threshold for the spontaneous secondary dissociation process, the reaction enthalpy for CF2BrCH2I~CF2CH2 + Br + I, was determined to be 67.5±2 kcal/mole, which leads to: ~Hf.o(CF2BrCH2I) = -92.6±2 kcal/mole. The c.m. translational energy distributions were derived for both the Ie P1/ 2) and 1(2 PS/ 2 ) dissociation channels resulting from primary C-I bond breakage. The Ie P1/ 2) /1(2 PS/ 2 ) branching ratios apresent address: Dept. of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 bMiller Fellow are 3.3, 9.0, and 0.5 for excitation wavelengths of 248, 266, and 308 nm, respectively. The translational energy distributions also reveal that a major fraction of the CF 2BrCH2 product radicals are formed with high internal energies, averaging around 50% of the excess energy. The angular distributions of dissociation products with respect to the laser polarization indicate that the primary photo dissociation process for the ground and excited state channels at both wavelengths proceeds via a parallel transition-i.e., the transition moment must be nearly parallel to the C-I bond. , ... Photodissociation of CF2BrCH21 at 248, 266, and 308 nm ,


In this article, a kind of microfluidic method based on MEMS technology combined with gold immunochromatographic assay (GICA) is developed and discussed. Compared to the traditional GICA, this method supplies us convenient, multi-channel, in-parallel, low cost and similar efficiency approach in the fields of alpha-fetopro-tei (AFP)detection. Firstly, we improved the adhesion between the model material SU-8 and Silicon wafer, optimized approaches of the fabrication of the SU-8 model systematically, and fabricate the PDMS micro fluid chip with good reproduction successfully. Secondly, Surface modification and antibody immobilization methods with the GICA on the PDMS micro fluid analysis chip are studied, we choose the PDMS material and transfer GICA to the PDMS micro fluid chip successfully after researching the antibody immobilization efficiency of different materials utilized in fabrication of the micro fluid chip. In order to improve the reaction efficiency of the immobilized antibody, we studied the characteristics of micro fluid without the gas drive, and the fluid velocity control in our design; we also design structure of grove to strengthen the ability of immobilizing the antibody. The stimulation of the structure shows that it achieves great improvement and experiments prove the design is feasible.


Although considerable attention has been attached to the treatment of tetany which occurs in the parathyroidectomized dog a few days after complete extirpation of these glands, very little work has been done on the factors which are responsible for the subsiding and gradual disappearance of this symptom complex. We felt that some attention should be paid to a study of the inorganic constituents of the blood of animals that had completely recovered from this tetany complex. Further, in connection with the more specific problem of the causes of lenticular cataract development in parathyroidectomized dogs, it was thought that analyses for blood sodium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and chlorides should be made on these dogs which had survived the temporary period (30–60 days) after parathyroidectomy. Having in mind Jacque Loeb's classical experiments on the antagonism of salts, we were led to suspect that we would find in the blood of surviving parathyroidectomed animals in which the serum calci...


A new type of flexible gas shaft seal named surface texture padded finger seal is proposed in this paper.An analysis model of the padded finger seal with micro circle surface texture is established.By using the fluid-solid coupling finite element numerical calculation method,the seal's leakage,gas film lift capacity and gas film flow field characteristics in different working conditions and variable texture parameters are analyzed.It is shown that the finger seal with micro circle surface texture pad has low leakage and high lift capacity.Compared with the existing typical herringbone groove padded finger seal and the contacting finger seal,the surface texture padded finger seal shows a comprehensive advantage.The performance of a surface texture padded finger seal is influenced by the gas pressure to a much greater degree.When the gas pressure is high,increasing the circle diameter,decreasing the depth of the pit,and distributing the micro circle uniformly,will all improve the performance of the seal.The work presented here provides a new way to design finger seals with high performance.


Calculated performance and weight data are presented for a category of VTOL powerplants in which highly loaded fans (500 lb./ft²), immersed in the wings, are used to augment the hovering thrust of conventional turbojet engines. The augmentation ratio, shown to be of the order of 3.5, implies a satisfactory matching of the cruising and hovering capabilities of the powerplant for high-attitude flight, but a surplus of cruising thrust is produced for short low-altitude missions. Operation with oversize propelling nozzles in the cruising configuration appears to offer a modest improvement in the fuel consumption at the expense of generally unneeded available thrust. The computed weights indicate the desirabillty of employing several small fans and gas generators rather than one or two large ones.


Desilting of reservoirs are done to remove the sediments and to restore the live storage. The sediments are normally disposed by creating embankments around the reservoir area. Culverts are normally buried in the embankment for drainage of upstream rain water. These culverts carry large embankment loads. This paper presents an analysis of RC culvert under embankment loads created due to reservoir sediment deposition. Circular and box sections have been analyzed for stresses, settlements and opening of joints of the culvert. The forces on the culverts have been obtained by geotechnical investigation reflecting each scenario using Plaxis 2D and the results for various heights of embankment with regards to the moment, axial force and settlement have been considered in the analysis. It was found that box sections are subjected to increased stresses compared to circular sections. It is suggested that circular sections are preferred to box sections under embankment loading. Design equations have also been developed to predict the values of the parameters studied.


This page provides details of YHPHO training for health intelligence. The sessions are designed to improve skills in data manipulation, interpretation and presentation of public health intelligence, as well as increase understanding of the use of public health intelligence within and outside the NHS. Delivered by YHPHO and PCT staff from within the region as well as guest experts from other organisations.


Abstract Due to the hazardous implications of releasing CFCs into the environment, studies on their thermal destruction are necessary. The use of incineration to destroy these compounds, while effective, have produced polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/PCDF) while releasing large amounts of corrosive HCl and HF. The ChemChar gasification process was evaluated for its ability to destroy two CFCs, l,l,2‐trichloro‐l,2,2‐trifluoroethane (CFC‐113) and dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC‐13). It was found that DRE values of > 99.9998 % are obtained for the destruction of l,l,2‐trichloro‐l,2,2‐trifluoroethane while not producing any PCDD/PCDF. Additionally, the chloride (as the potassium salt) and fluoride (as carbon‐fluoride) that result from the destruction of both CFCs are retained in the gasification system. This study illustrates that the ChemChar gasification process holds significant promise as an alternative to incineration for the safe and complete destruction of CFCs.


Phillips Brooks was undeniably one of the most popular preachers of Gilded Age America. Sydney Ahlstrom described Brooks and the liberal Congregationalist Henry Ward Beecher as 'in a class by themselves, envied and emulated the country over'. Unlike Beecher, however, the rector of Trinity Church, Boston, subsequently Episcopal bishop of Massachusetts, has attracted remarkably little scholarly attention. His few biographers have rarely attempted to place his thought or career in their social or intellectual contexts. With one recent notable exception, little of scholarly value has been written about Brooks. The older biographies have tended to portray him as initially rooted in the evangelical tradition, even though he subsequently became a leader of the emergent Broad Church party. Alexander V. G. Allen concludes, for example, that by the close of his seminary training, Brooks 'freely accepted the leading truths which are known as Evangelical'. E. Clowes Chorley asserts simply that 'Brooks never drifted from the heart of Evangelical religion'. Allen and others stress the evangelical origins of Brooks's thought in order to argue for the continuity between the evangelical and liberal streams within American Anglicanism. This portrayal of Brooks as a churchman who somehow retained the essence of an early evangelicalism while later embracing his Church's liberal future has served what Allen Guelzo has aptly called the 'myth of synthesis' in Episcopal historiography. Such an interpretation does not view Evangelicals as being forced out of the Church in the 1870s but posits a benign creative synthesis that enabled the Church to transcend the aberrant party battles of the mid century.


In this issue of Blood , Hoellenriegel et al provide evidence that NOX-A12, an RNA oligonucleotide able to bind and neutralize CXCL12, effectively interferes with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cell chemotaxis and stroma-mediated drug-resistance.[1][1]

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Schematic overview of


To solve the problem of high-floor garbage disposal in the city, and help residential residents to quickly and accurately classify, transport, and process the generated garbage. A high-rise building intelligent garbage classification and treatment system has been designed, which includes a garbage classification device, a trolley transport well, With structures such as garbage temporary storage devices, garbage collection trolleys, and garbage transportation trolleys. The system can also intelligently identify garbage and collect it separately. The finite element transient dynamics analysis of the rack and pinion mechanism of the key structure of the waste sorting system is carried out. The result shows that the structure meets the requirements, and finally shows that the designed high-rise building intelligent waste sorting and processing system is reasonable in design.


The article pointed to inconsistencies internal local acts of economic entities requirements and provisions of legal documents governing the organization and accounting in the current economic conditions. Written by the example of the organization of accounting of cash transactions designs variant of the internal standard on accounting, revealing its structure and specific content sections. The proposed draft internal standard accounting is finished work and can be used directly in the practice of economic entities for the purpose of streamlining accounting.


Single filament testing protocols for polyacrylonitrile precursor and polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers have been developed to ensure reliable tensile results that can be compared to the standard testing protocols used by the industry. Accurate carbon fiber linear density measurement by vibroscope was quite sensitive to the pre-stress applied to the fiber. Gauge length dependence testing of the commercial carbon fibers exhibited that tensile strengths obtained at 25.4 mm gauge length are comparable to those reported by the manufacturer using the standard strand testing results. On the other hand, experimental carbon fibers that have not been surface treated or sized, showed that single filament tensile strength values at 6 mm gauge length was comparable to the strand testing results. In addition, the compliance corrected tensile moduli of carbon fibers obtained by single filament tests were also comparable to the moduli obtained from the standard strand testing results. A modified Weibull analysis, which accounts for sample volume effects, has also been used to determine the Weibull modulus of both the commercial and experimental carbon fibers.


Kenneth Burke's concept of "perspective by incongruity" names a strategy for transcending an unsatisfactory situation. Two speeches delivered by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn in the United States during 1975 illustrate the use of the strategy to discount the Soviet‐American diplomacy of detente. After debunking Marxist ideology and capitalist concessions to communist nations, he posited an absolute moral order as the ground for a genuine detente


In this paper, we recall some basic concepts and the vocabulary of metrology. We propose some terms which today are not present in the terminology recommended by ISO. We address also the data post-processing, in particular spatial smoothing that usually decreases a lot the spatial resolution. We recommend to separate in the analysis what we call the phase sensor and the phase-to-measurand mapping. In some cases, the larger part of the uncertainty comes from the parameters which are present in this mapping.


The fluctuations in signal strength of KDKA, Pittsburgh, Pa., were observed through the sunset period of Morgantown, W. Va. Since the two cities are approximately on the same meridian, any variation at sunset should be due to changes in the Heaviside-Kennelly layer and not to refraction through the earth's shadow. Observations were made on twenty-one days; it was found that on bright clear days, the curve fluctuated considerably, while on cloudy days, the curve was fairly steady. The fluctuations can be accounted for by assuming a reflected wave on clear days.


This paper mainly introduces how to inspect and measure the sensors on BUICK NEW CENTURY engines, and illustrates the meaning of related diagnosis codes。


To successfully implement the platoon control of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs), the model uncertainties, external disturbances, and time delays must be addressed. In this study, we propose a distributed Model Predictive Control scheme to achieve offset-free tracking for CAVs with model uncertainties and mixed disturbances which contains both stochastic and deterministic noises. A simple Vehicle-to-Vehicle communication flow with the short-distance and low-volume information exchange is adopted to reduce the effect of the communication delay and dropout. First, the deterministic and stochastic perturbances are addressed separately in constraints handling with an integrated control law based on the mismatched prediction model. Additional constraints on coupling input and output are imposed to guarantee the assumption about forecast trajectory. Then an observer gives an unbiased estimate of the state and integrated disturbance. Based on the estimation, the target calculator eliminates the steady tracking offset by designing a new target in real-time and the Min-Max Model Predictive Control steers the uncertain systems to the new target under the worst case within the domain of disturbances. Lastly, the Optimal Control Problem is reformulated and can be efficiently solved by existing solvers. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method shows superiority in interference rejection and offset-free tracking.


This  paper is an attempt to study the linguistic layer of the memoir-writing genre  primarily as exploration of  linguistic mentality of a person (linguistic person, character), through which both the human being and the social environment become recognizable.
This research describes the conceptual framework of the linguistic structure of the literary nonfiction by employing the following two principles: definition of the linguistic complexity of text-writing techniques  and presentation of aesthetic value of these texts.
A number of descriptive, stylistic and structural methods employed in the study  show that memoir writing undergoes significant changes and enriches itself  through various linguistic forms and internal conceptual frameworks. The author's presence in the text is often manifested through its original word structure essentially expressed in the common stylistic system of the work.  References to time and places in texts present  non-fiction character in a new light. The writer's primary goal is not enriching the literary language, but ensuring the composition's linguistic authenticity and individuality.   Flexibility of the genre is enhanced by intertextual manifestations. Lastly,  memoir-writing may have a therapeutic effect on the author.


Abstract : This study examined the development and implementation of a priority seating program at a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I member institution. The unit of analysis (sample) was the University of Wisconsin-Madison (UW) athletic department's priority seating program. A qualitative case study was the chosen methodology and the use of personal interviews and documents were the primary sources of evidence for data collection. Six days were spent at UW conducting interviews and gathering materials. Interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed and subjected to qualitative content analysis. A process of triangulation was used to validate, corroborate, and refute emerging findings. Peer reviews, member checks, and a researcher journal/log were used to help increase the study's validity and reliability. Results indicate that the priority seating program at UW was developed to generate additional revenues by exploiting an "untapped" resource identified in the annual giving program. UW included a priority points program largely in response to their inability to distribute benefits equitably. UW conducted research on 13 "similar" institutions that administered priority seating programs, held focus groups with current UW athletic supporters, and assembled a diverse group of interests to assimilate all of this information and formulate a program. The key findings were as follows: a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis is vital to designing a program; fostering a partnership type relationship with donors increases their level of "buy-in"; a donor's range of emotions from program announcement to implementation will often vary and must be accounted for; priority seating must be accounted for; priority seating may be an effective market penetration strategy relative to fundraising; and the market exchange theory and the principle of scarcity are both foundational themes of priority seating/priority points programs.


Abstract: The purpose of this research was to improve addition and substraction of fraction counting ability by cooperative model type Course Review Horay. This research used the classroom action research method with two cycle. Each cycle consisted of four phase, namely: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this research is the fourth grade students of SD Negeri 2 Palar many as 19 students. The data collecting technique are test, observation, indepth interview, and documentation. The data were validited by using the data gathering source triangulations and technique triangulations. They were then analyzed by using the interactive model of analysis comprising three components, namely: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results of the research show that prior to the treatment, the class average score on addition and substraction of fraction counting ability is 55.31 with the minimum learning completeness of 36.84%. Following the treatment, the class average scores become 77.55 with the minimum learning completeness of 73.68% in Cycle I, and 82.26 with the minimum learning completeness of 89.47% in Cycle II respectively. Based on the results of the research, a conclusion is drawn that the result of implementation cooperative model type Course Review Horay can improve the addition and substraction of fraction counting ability of the students in fourth grade of SD Negeri 2 Palar, Klaten in academic year 2014/2015. Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menghitung penjumlahan dan pengurangan pecahan melalui model kooperatif tipe Course Review Horay pada siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 2 Palar, Klaten tahun ajaran 2014/2015. Bentuk penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas, yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Tiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahap, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 2 Palar yang berjumlah 19 siswa. teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes, observasi, wawancara, dan kajian dokumen. Uji validitas penelitian menggunakan triangulasi sumber data dan triangulasi teknik. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah model analisis interaktif yang mempunyai tiga komponen, yaitu reduksi data, penyajian dokumen, dan penarikan simpulan. Hasil penelitian tindakan kelas ini menunjukka bahwa nilai rata-rata kelas tes kemampuan menghitung penjumlahan dan pengurangan pecahan pada pra siklus 55,31 dengan ketuntasan klasikal mencapai 36,84%. Pada siklus I, nilai rata-rata kelas tes kemampuan menghitung penjumlahan dan pengurangan pecahan meningkat menjadi 77,55 dengan ketuntasan klasikal mencapai 73,68%. Pada siklus II, nilai rata-rata kelas tes kemampuan menghitung penjumlahan dan pengurangan pecahan meningkat lagi menjadi 82,26 dengan ketuntasan klasikal mencapai 89,47%. Simpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hasil penerapan model kooperatif tipe Course Review Horay dapat meningkatkan kemampuan menghitung penjumlahan dan pengurangan pecahan siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 2 Palar, Klaten tahun ajaran 2014/2015. Kata kunci: Kemampuan menghitung pecahan, Course Review Horay


Objective  To determine whether real‐time ultrasound measurement of multiple linear dimensions of the bladder could be used to estimate total bladder volumes of women in labour.


MSMEs are business activities owned by individuals or business entities and have a very large contribution to the economy of a country at a macro level. As various needs of the community become increasingly diverse, the number of MSMEs in Indonesia is also increasing and developing in various fields. One of them is Sari Nikmat frozen food business, located in Malang, East Java. Based on interviews with the MSME, the problem faced now is how to increase market share and profitability. This study aims to build a system dynamics model to help MSMEs to increase market share and profitability through social media marketing scenario. The choice of a system dynamics method in developing a model is based on the consideration that system dynamics can accommodate non-linear relationships between internal and external variables that affect system performance. The results of this study are model scenario that can be used as a long-term strategy by MSMEs to increase market share and business profitability.


In the clinical situation the distinction between hemianopia and neglect can be difficult to elicit. In order to assist the understanding of these two disabling conditions, this article will briefly compare the aetiology, methods of assessment and rehabilitation principles of hemianopia and neglect.


The cohomology of M(n, d), the moduli space of stable holomorphic bundles of coprime rank n and degree d and fixed determinant, over a Riemann surface Σ of genus g ⩾ 2, has been widely studied from a wide range of approaches. Narasimhan and Seshadri [17] originally showed that the topology of M(n, d) depends only on the genus g rather than the complex structure of Σ. An inductive method to determine the Betti numbers of M(n, d) was first given by Harder and Narasimhan [7] and subsequently by Atiyah and Bott [1]. The integral cohomology of M(n, d) is known to have no torsion [1] and a set of generators was found by Newstead [19] for n = 2, and by Atiyah and Bott [1] for arbitrary n. Much progress has been made recently in determining the relations that hold amongst these generators, particularly in the rank two, odd degree case which is now largely understood. A set of relations due to Mumford in the rational cohomology ring of M(2, 1) is now known to be complete [14]; recently several authors have found a minimal complete set of relations for the 'invariant' subring of the rational cohomology of M(2, 1) [2, 13, 20, 25].


In this study, customer service representatives in call centers, the relevance of occupational stress, and turnover intention as well as the investigation of the relevance to that of demographic characteristics, health behaviors, and job-related characteristics is carried out. In particular, the relevance of occupational stress and turnover intention was attempted to be identified. From the response to the surveys of nine hospitals and five companies, there was a total of 158 people during the investigation. The collection of data was conducted by self-administered questionnaire in the period of February 1, 2013 to June 30, 2013. As the result of study, factors related to turnover intention involved age, sleep, job demands and job autonomy as significant variables. In particular, in the relevance of occupational stress and turnover intention, it was revealed that turnover intention decreases as job autonomy increases while turnover intention increases as job demands become higher. The ratio of danger of occupational stress on turnover intention eminently increased in the group of high job demands, low job autonomy, low support of supervisor and co-worker. Therefore, it is considered that efforts for improvement of occupational stress factors are required to decrease turnover intention.


Quantum emission of photons caused by sudden change of the refractive index of a medium is considered. This emission appears due to time dependence of the zeroth quantum state of the field and is a non-stationary analogue of the Casimir effect. A model-exact solution of the problem is presented. If sudden changes of the refractive index are caused by excitation of a semiconductor near to a band-to-band transition by a synchroneously pumped subpicosecond dye laser the intensity of the quantum emission is approximately 10-9 W in the infrared. The analogy of the effect with and its difference from, the Hawking and the Unruh radiations are discussed.


Deep neural networks are now frequently employed to predict survival conditional on omics-type biomarkers, e.g. by employing the partial likelihood of Cox proportional hazards model as loss function. Due to the generally limited number of observations in clinical studies, combining different data-sets has been proposed to improve learning of network parameters. However, if baseline hazards differ between the studies, the assumptions of Cox proportional hazards model are violated. Based on high dimensional transcriptome profiles from different tumor entities, we demonstrate how using a stratified partial likelihood as loss function allows for accounting for the different baseline hazards in a deep learning framework. Additionally, we compare the partial likelihood with the ranking loss, which is frequently employed as loss function in machine learning approaches due to its seemingly simplicity. Using RNA-seq data from


PAGE In my thesis, I will analyze the story of James Allen, a dock-worker who passed as a man in early nineteenth-century Britain. The story of James Allen, "the female husband," appeared in newspapers throughout England, Scotland, and Ireland. While the story of a passing woman was certainly not new in British press, the presence of a wife made the story all the more curious to contemporaries. Through various newspaper reports, a street ballad, and a single substantial pamphlet, I am able to reconstruct a partial account of James' and Mary's life together, and the public response to James' "discovery." Through these sources, we gain insight into British perceptions of gender and sexuality in the early nineteenth century. W e watch contemporaries struggle to define and explain James' passing. We see the press struggle with how to treat Mary: was she innocent and deserving of sympathy, or was she "in on it" it being the gender transgression from the beginning? W e see attempts to understand the relationship between James and Mary, two anatomical females, and the various attempts at explanation offered by contemporaries. The press coverage of James' story also demonstrates how the categories of sex, gender, and sexuality lacked distinctive boundaries in early nineteenth-century Britain. This thesis is not an attempt to prove or define the relationship between James and Mary. Rather, it is an investigation into how contemporaries interpreted that relationship. I will begin my analysis by investigating how contemporaries attempted to identify "what" exactly James was. James' colleagues considered him a male in most instances, a hermaphrodite in some instances, and a female only after his death. Mary's identity also warranted much speculation. Following the discovery of James' anatomy, many were eager to question Mary's sex as well. I also analyze the ways in which contemporaries treated James and Mary as a couple. Contemporaries attempted to align James and Mary within the constructs of typical marriage, and because of James' successful passing, were partially able to do so. After establishing the elements of James and Mary's identities, contemporaries sought explanation for their actions. They wanted to know why James passed and how Mary never knew. I will investigate each of these questions and the accompanying explanations provided by the community. Contemporaries carefully constructed these explanations, and explicitly ignored other possible and reasonable answers. I will attempt to highlight these absences and suggest what their erasure might mean within the context of early nineteenth-century concepts of gender and sexuality. We are constantly reminded that James' perceived gender and performance of masculinity carried with it the makings of his entire cultural identity and by extension Mary's as well. Contemporaries sought to both define and explain James and Mary, and in doing so, provided insight into major concepts of gender and sexuality in pre-Victorian Britain. By treating James outside of the confines of a strictly lesbian identity, we are able to give due attention to the element of gender transgression. Yet by also accepting the sexual implications of certain forms of passing specifically the female-husband we do not overshadow the element of female same-sex desire that was potentially at play. Rather, we analyze James Allen in an encompassing framework that allows for both female samesex desire and gender transgression in a historically appropriate treatment.


Hydraulic conductivity of a fine-grained till was evaluated by field and laboratory techniques as part of a study of the movement of radionuclides at a nuclear-waste landfill in western New York. In general, both methods produced similar results. Hydraulic conductivity values determined from (a) slug tests of piezometers, (b) several types of laboratory tests on cores, and (c) calculation from mercury porosimeter tests, agreed within a factor of 25.

Slug tests were analyzed by two methods: one assumed horizontal flow to the piezometer screen; the other assumed spherical, isotropic flow. Average horizontal hydraulic conductivity from slug tests of 12 piezometers was 6 × 10−8 cm/s (2 × 10−9 ft/s) by the first method and 2 × 10−8cm/s (7 × 10−10ft/s) by the second.

Laboratory tests of core samples were designed to determine the extent to which anisotropy and increased pressures with depth may affect hydraulic conductivity. Consolidation tests were done on four core samples to determine changes in hydraulic conductivity with pressure. Vertical hydraulic conductivity of the samples decreased by 40 percent as pressure increased from near atmospheric to the 7 kg/cm2 (100 psi), a pressure that would prevail at a depth of 30 m (98 ft). This indicates that hydraulic conductivity of the till decreases with depth in response to overburden pressure.

Despite evidence of higher horizontal than vertical permeability in one set of laboratory tests of till samples, other laboratory and field tests as well as analyses of ground-water flow by a computer model indicate that the till is nearly isotropic.

Hydraulic conductivity of the till was estimated with reasonable accuracy from mercury-porosimeter tests. However, estimating hydraulic conductivity of fine-grained samples from some regions by this method may be inappropriate because the method uses dry samples, which could severely affect the results if swelling clays are present.


A 23‐year‐old man with angiomatous lesions on the left half of the body, varicose veins and hypertrophy of soft tissue and bone of the left upper limb is reported. Of particular interest was the association with angiomatous lesions on the left half of the face with visual disturbance. The combination of Klippel‐Trénaunay‐Weber syndrome and an incomplete form of Sturge‐Weber syndrome could suggest a nosological relationship.


Pregnant Obese Women and Factors That Impact Their Social and Physiological Well-Being by Stephanie Morgan Frye MHA, University of Phoenix, 2010 BA, Tennessee State University, 1997 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Health Services


Breast cancer cells express peroxisome proliferator activated receptor‐gamma (PPAR‐γ), which is essential for adipocyte differentiation and it is involved in regulation of the plasminogen activator (PA) system. Plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1), expressed in both adipocytes and breast cancer cells, inhibits urokinase‐type plasminogen activator (uPA) cleavage of plasminogen to plasmin, which degrades the extracellular matrix (ECM). Paradoxically, elevated PAI‐1 is a poor prognostic factor in breast cancer patients. Therefore, it is possible PAI‐1 modifies breast epithelium by promoting tumor invasion. Since obesity is a risk factor associated with breast cancer, the relationship between PPAR‐γ expression and invasive behaviors of breast cancer cells is of interest. We used normal breast epithelial cells, MCF‐10A and highly invasive breast cancer cells, MDA‐MB‐231 to study the effects of PPAR‐gamma; on cell invasion and migration. Using an in vitro wound injury assay, treatment with a PPAR‐γ ligand showed a dose‐dependent decrease in wound closure for both cell lines. No change in cell viability was seen following treatment. Conditioned media from treated cells showed a decreased PAI‐1 protein levels. Cell‐associated uPA activity was decreased following treatement. This suggests PAI‐1 levels are decreased because free PAI‐1 is binding to the uPA/uPAR complex and inhibiting uPA activity. Collectively, these data imply the decrease in wound closure is due to the altered PA system components levels resulting from activation of PPAR‐γ.


In this article a couple examples in a case study how to stimulate students' creativities in their mathematical activities by using a technology are shown. There are many kinds of technology to help students exploring relations between elements on a figure or behaviours of a function. By using these technologies mathematical situations are visualized and their dynamical movements are observed. Multiple representations of mathematical concepts (Goldenberg, 1997) on these technologies provide an integrated learning environment in which numeric data, a graph/a geometrical figure, an algebraic expression and problems are linked on one screen. Then this integrated learning environment makes it possible for students to create rules, to find new problems by themselves and to jump out to new world if a good task is given. Through these activities shown in this study students' creativity is stimulating.


Risk and opportunity management aspects are presented. Risks classification and their characteristic are formulated. Risk assessment multi-criteria approach within the radio-electronic industry is proposed, which can be applied both within the quality management system and in integrated management systems. The safety and risk assessment method is proposed based on the developed multi-criteria approach of risk assessment and the FMEA analysis method.


We propose a thermodynamic interpretation of transfer entropy near equilibrium, using a specialised Boltzmann's principle. The approach relates conditional probabilities to the probabilities of the corresponding state transitions. This in turn characterises transfer entropy as a difference of two entropy rates: the rate for a resultant transition and another rate for a possibly irreversible transition within the system affected by an additional source. We then show that this difference, the local transfer entropy, is proportional to the external entropy production, possibly due to irreversibility. Near equilibrium, transfer entropy is also interpreted as the difference in equilibrium stabilities with respect to two scenarios: a default case and the case with an additional source. Finally, we demonstrated that such a thermodynamic treatment is not applicable to information flow, a measure of causal effect.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine whether subnational market-supporting institutions in Indian states affect the likelihood of Indian multinational enterprises (MNEs) to undertake acquisitions in advanced economies (AEs) rather than emerging economies (EEs) and, if so, which mechanism – institutional fostering or escapism – underlies the phenomenon.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper uses a logistic regression model on a dataset of 647 firm-level cross-border acquisitions (CBAs) undertaken by Indian MNEs during the period 2010–2016.

Findings
The paper finds support for the institutional escapism mechanism, as opposed to the institutional fostering mechanism, underlying Indian MNEs' acquisitions in AEs (rather than EEs). That is, firms headquartered in Indian states where market-supporting institutions (such as economic liberalization and efficiency of legal systems) are weak are more likely to undertake CBAs in AEs than in EEs as an escapist response to weak subnational institutions at home.

Originality/value
The paper highlights the relevance of the mainstream international business (IB) concept of emerging market multinational enterprises (EMNEs) internationalization to critical IB scholarship by examining subnational institutional influences on EMNEs' foreign market choice between AEs and EEs. In particular, by providing evidence for the institutional escapism mechanism which has potential negative socioeconomic consequences in the region of the investing firm, the paper adds to critical IB research which places great emphasis on the examination of inequalities and draws attention to the EMNE context as a suitable setting for further research on internationalization from a critical perspective.


An investigation was conducted on palm oil palm fruit ash (OPFA), OPFA supported by rice husk silica (RHS), and potassium-OPFA-RHS as catalysts for methyl esters production through transesterification process using waste frying oil. The catalysts showed longer lasting activity than the traditional alkali catalysts. The optimum conditions for the process were: OPFA and K-OPFA-RHS catalyst amount 3 %; OPFA-RHS catalyst amount 5 %; methanol to oil molar ratio 9:1; and a reaction duration is 2 h. The process was able to transesterify oil to methyl esters at 96.6–98.2 % conversion at 65 ° C for all series. The catalysts were easily separated from the reaction mixture by filtration and able to be reused. Reusability up to 5 cycles is feasible with ME content above 83 %. The final product met selected biodiesel fuel properties in accordance with European Standard EN 14214.


We report that silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) (40 nm) with minimal effect on kidney, can promote wound healing through bacterial load reduction in mice Mus musculus . A group of 50 BALB/c mice of about 8 weeks (weighting 24.2±3.0 g) were randomly divided into two groups: Ag-NPs and control group, each with 25 mice. A volume of 50 microliters from the nanosilver solution (10ppm) was applied to the wound bed in th e Ag-NPs group while in the untreated (control) group no nan osilver solution was used but the wound area was washed by distilled water every day. The experiment lasted for 14 days until the wo und was healed. The wound bacterial populations of two grou ps were counted separately. Further, biochemical levels of kidney including creatinine (Cr) and sodium (Na) were asse ssed. The results show that Ag-NPs have strong bactericidal e ffect on skin wound and accelerate healing and that Ag-NPs induce minimal toxicity on kidney functions as indicated by levels of Cr and Na in the serum. The obtained results of current study un equivocally confirm the role of Ag-NPs as non-toxic, antibacter ial agents in all wounds and the enhancement of current prevention of infection.


A wide variety of techniques currently are available for shoulder replacement. These techniques include hemiarthroplasty (HA), in which only the humeral side is replaced; total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA), in which both a humeral and glenoid component are implanted; humeral head resurfacing, in which the humeral head is supplanted by a small prosthetic surface; glenoid resurfacing; and, finally, glenohumeral arthrodesis.


An in-depth report on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of unhealthy cholesterol levels. The st atins (or HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors) along with other drugs, such as cholestyramine (Questran), comprise the class of hypolipidemic drugs. Hypolipidemic drugs are prescribed - sometimes aggressively so - to lower chol esterol levels in people with or at risk of cardiovascular disease and certain inflammatory diseases such as s arcoidosis. Statins are prescribed even though their full mecha nisms of action remain unclear. One strong possibil ity is that statins exert their effects via the body's nuclear receptors, which are intricately connected to innat e immune function. Statins may have benefits other than just lowering your cholesterol. One promising benefit o f statins appears to be their anti-inflammatory properties, w hich help stabilize the lining of blood vessels. Th is has potentially far-reaching effects, from the brain an d heart to blood vessels and organs throughout the body. In the heart, stabilizing the blood vessel linings would m ake plaques less likely to rupture, thereby reducin g the chance of a heart attack.


This is a collection of selected, peer reviewed papers from the 9th International Conference on Modeling and Optimization of the Aerospace, Robotics, Mechatronics, Machines-Tools, Mechanical Engineering and Human Motricity Fields, (OPTIROB 2014), June 26-29, 2014, Mangalia, Romania. The 115 papers are grouped as follows: Chapter 1: Aerospace, Chapter 2: Robotics and Mechatronics, Chapter 3: Applied Dynamics, Mechanics and Engineering, Chapter 4: Maschine-Tools and Manufacturing Modern Methods, Chapter 5: Human Motricities, Chapter 6: Image Processing, and, Chapter 7: Management Application.


In conclusion, the point of view developed in the foregoing may be briefly characterized and compared with that presented in certain other discussions. It agrees, 1 take it, with Lovejoy, Spaulding, and others, in admitting the possible validity of a "vitalism" that makes no distinction between the science of the living and that of the non-living, holding merely that mechanistic formulation is not adequate to nature in general; such "vitalism" being synonymous with "energetics" or "temporalism," or some similar doctrine. Confusion of such a doctrine with a vitalism that holds to a deep-lying distinction between the science of the living and that of the non-living is a common source of misunderstanding. As to doctrines which attempt to make such a deep lying distinction, dividing science into two contrasted kinds, vitalistic and non-vitalistic, it farther admits (with, I judge, Lovejoy, Bergson, Woodruff, Ritter, Spaulding, Glaser and others) that configurations perhaps exist in the living, whose laws of action are not predictable from a formulation of what happens in configurations occurring in the non-living. But this is held to be merely an example of a general principle, equally well exemplified when diverse inorganic configurations are compared: from formulating the action of one configuration, that of another can not be predicted with certainty, until its action has also been experienced; this continual recourse to observation and experiment being one of the essential features of science in general. Hence it holds that such facts present no ground for dividing science into two divisions, vitalistic and non-vitalistic; but also that study of the organic configurations of matter gives results that are as fundamental as the study of inorganic configurations; results which no exclusive study of the latter could ever supply. Parts of biology are therefore "antonomous" in the same sense, and in no other sense, that the science of the compounds of carbon is autonomous in comparison with that of the compounds of copper. It thus holds, in agreement with Driesch, that any "static" doctrine, in which admittedly the perceptual conditions determine what happens in the living system, does not make a difference in principle between the laws of the living and those of the non-living; but that to make such a difference, it must be held that the same conditions may act diversely in the two fields; thus giving rise to experimental indeterminism (and perhaps to the assumption of a non-perceptual factor for determining the diversities not otherwise accounted for, as in the vitalism of Driesch). But it holds (I take it with Lovejoy, Glaser, Woodruff, Spaulding, Sumner and perhaps most investigators) that we do not have grounds for supposing that such a condition exists; and that even Driesch's presentation results in the non-existence of any actual cases of experimental indeterminism.


The starting point of the article is its title. There are some nouns and adjectives but no verbs in it. Neither main, nor auxiliary verbs. Even though it is a question, the structure does not follow any of the question types either. This makes us think that the title of the article in particular and the headlines in general do not follow the structure of the English sentence. That is a common situation. A lot of headlines in newspapers and on covers of magazines, advertisements or just e-mails do not follow the grammar rules of a language. The Cambridge Dictionary says that headlines often use non-standard grammar and sometimes they are difficult to read. On the one hand, the main features are the use of a series of nouns, ellipsis, lack of articles or verbs (especially the verb to be). Is it a mistake or just a way to attract the reader's attention? The article aims at providing an analysis of this type of 'mistakes' and address this knowledge gap. On the other hand, in order to make the news more dramatic, powerful and persuasive, to make events sound as if they are happening now, headlines commonly use the present simple, even if the article refers to a past event or the to-infinitive form to refer to future events. It is easy to relate the present perfect to the past. Although it is called present, the present perfect is a tense with past-time reference, It refers to actions and events in English that have happened up to now, in the recent past. This is the reason it is often compared to the past simple. But how can we relate the present simple to past actions and events? In formal writing the present simple is also used to refer to events in the past. Yet another 'mistake' should be mentioned. Especially the advertisements give the reader the benefit of the doubt. They use grammar items which are not suitable for this very situation. For example, the use of countable and uncountable nouns in English is different in regard to both determiners and verbs. However, they are used interchangeably. A similar 'mistake' is made with the plural form of the noun and the possessive (body's instead of bodies, Victoria's Secretad). The present study comes to the conclusion that the creative effectiveness of headlines and ads is the reason for all the 'mistakes'. It is expressed only by key words to grab the attention of the reader.


The capability of neural networks in modeling batch cell growth by providing initial conditions only is tested in this study. The neural network tested is of the back‐propagation‐type including a newly discovered saturation‐type transfer function. The simulation and prediction results of this neural network modeling will be demonstrated. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


The kinetics of hydrolysis or disproportionation of hypoiodite were studied spectrophotometrically in basic solution at an ionic strength of 0.2 M as a function of pH, iodide and total iodine concentration, and temperature. The existence of three independent pathways for this second-order process was confirmed. The pH-stat method was used to monitor the corresponding reaction of hypoiodous acid in weakly alkaline solution. The generalized rate law for the disproportionation is: /minus/d((HOI) + (OI/sup /minus//))dt = k /sub a/(HOI)/sup 2/ + k/sub b/(HOI) (OI/sup /minus//) + k/sub c/(OI/sup /minus//)/sup 2/ + k/sub d/(I/sub 2/OH/sup /minus//) (OI/sup /minus//). The values of k/sub a/ and k/sub b/ are substantially smaller than previously reported. However, an unexplained contribution to the rate law resulting from the pH-stat measurements was also obtained. The rapid recombination of iodide and iodate in HClO/sub 4/ solutions was followed by stopped-flow spectrophotometry at three ionic strengths, and over a range of iodide and hydrogen ion concentrations, and at eight temperatures. Fifth-order kinetics were observed with no detectable induction period. 14 refs., 4 figs., 1 tab.


"The house always wins" is a common reprise for the empty pocket tourist leaving the gambling tables at Vegas. You do not need to be a professional gambler to understand that the house always wins because the odds are stacked in their favor. Unfortunately, the recent conditions in the financial services industry have been tighter than the quarter slot machines in the Vegas airport. The financial services industry has been initiated with a neverending ebb and flow between deregulation and "re-regulation". In general, the reaction to changing regulations has been an industry consolidation and the creation of global, national and super regional lending markets, replacing the traditional "brick and mortar" structure. The restructuring of the financial markets has virtually eliminated the relevance of a "banking footprint", in which knowl701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Suite 200, Hershey PA 17033-1240, USA Tel: 717/533-8845; Fax 717/533-8661; URL-http://www.idea-group.com CYBERTECH PUBLISHING


Women's participation in local planning and budgeting process in the past
10 years in Indonesia continue to be encouraged and strengthened. The process
indicates that the relation of state and citizen have started to improve and further
towards a more democratic. This study aims to determine the degree of
participation of women and initiation institutionalization women's participation
Wonolelo Village, Bantul District in planning and budgeting process. This study
uses a case study, data collection in this study using data collection methods of
observation, interviews, and secondary data search. This study used a qualitative
analysis.
The results showed that degree of participation of women and initiation of
institutionalization women's participation Wonolelo Village, Bantul District in
planning and budgeting process existing at the level of the village and sub-district
has achieved high quality information and genuine consultation. At the district
level includes a discussion of budget planning (RAPBD) has reached the degree
of effective participation of the advisory board (effective advisory body).
Initiation of institutionalization women's participation in Wonolelo village on
local planning and budgeting process is the process of building awareness through
organizing, open access, encourage participation and control of budget policy.
Initiation of institutionalization women's participation Wonolelo Village
utilizing the popular spaces and invited spaces. On the one hand, the state provide
formal space (invited spaces) so that citizen participation can be accommodated,
but it is also accompanied by the community (civil society) to create its own space
(popular spaces), which was formed in order to avoid interference from the state.
Participation space is not the final space, but as an political arena that are
contested. In the process, the initiation of institutionalization women's
participation is influenced by three factors, namely the change of the values in the
woman about the importance of women involved in the planning and budgeting
process. The existence of women's revitalization organization, mechanisms and
procedures for the participation of women through popular spaces and invited
spaces and routine processes to encourage the initiation of the institutionalization
women's participation through individual actors and organizations in the village
Wonolelo and individual actors of the state institutions.


Internet in this day and age is not a new thing anymore. Nearly all the world knew him. Internet is also an eective means to introduce ourselves, the world of work, hobbies, organizations and others. This can be done with a con- tainer which is known as a web site. Gunadarma SNAP Photography Club, which is a hobby tools, especially for Gunadarma University student who loves photography and wants to explore the world of photography. Scienti c writ- ing is intended to make Gunadarma SNAP Photography Club website which can be used as information about this club. Macromedia Dreamweaver MX 2004 is the editor of the HTML (Hypertext Makeup Language) which is the basis of making this homepage.


Proliferation of Nuclear technology is accepted as a grave threat to the world. However, after the initial use of this lethal weapon at the end of World War II, the technology and techniques were transferred from secret government programs and by private organizations in various fields. Such transformation has been amplified by the privatization of civil nuclear energy projects, as well as other established industries in such way that at the time of need they can use the technology in making of nuclear weapons. Thus, this advancement of nuclear weapons program, material, technology and expertise are not only accessible for purchase from nongovernmental institutions but it has also increased the threat of its misuse by non-state actors. This study examines not only reasons of military nuclearization adopted by powers that be and their regional rivals but also provide comprehensive analysis of relating threats of acquiring this devastating technology by Rogue states and non-states actors and possible future perils faced by the world due to misuse.


Bi-doped MnO 2 samples produced by the slow decomposition of KMnO 4 and Bi(NO 3 ) 3 mixtures at room temperature in 0.5 M nitric acid solution have stable voltammograms in 1 M KOH solution even for an extended sweep range from -1.1 to 0.7 V vs. a normal hydrogen electrode. Analysis of the voltammograms shows the existence of complexes between Mn(X) (X = IV, III, and II) and Bi(III), which implies the existence of formation reactions. These reactions take place during the first stage of the slow decomposition of KMnO 4 (only X = III, IV) and during the discharge or recharge when the dissolved Mn(X) species are present in the intergranular electrolyte. X-ray diffraction studies show the absence of Mn 3 O 4 when Bi(III) is present. This indicates that the reactions leading to the formation of Bi-Mn complexes prevent the hausmannite spinel lattice forming from dissolved Mn(II) and Mn(III).


Sealing body (27a, 27b, 27c), so including which an electric wire between itself and another such seal body (12), that between the electric wire (12) and the sealing bodies (27a, 27b, 27c) is held a waterproof characteristic erect wherein the sealing body is characterized by: An abutment surface (29) of the sealing body which abuts against a matching abutment surface (29) of the other sealing body when the sealing body (27a, 27b, 27c) overlap each other, a groove (28) which positions the electric wire (12) in the interior of the seal body; and a lip portion (26, 26 ') projecting from an inner surface of the groove (28) and from the abutment surface (29) protrudes.


This paper is concerned with an optimal concept design of aircraft wing from an airfoil. The airfoil itself is generated from CFD studies but there is no baseline of the wing structure. Topology optimization is recently applied for weight reduction given an operating baseline structure; here it is demonstrated that this optimization can be used to derive the concept of the wing structure directly. The optimized concept design is realized in to CAD and then a composite free-size optimization is performed to determine material distribution and ply drop regions etc. Finally a composite size and shape optimization is done and the ribs thus realized are presented.Copyright © 2010 by ASME


The subject. The authors attempt a legal analysis of several forms of monetization of rights to computer games.The purpose of the article is the legal qualification of donations, crowdfunding, loot boxes as means of monetization.The research methodology includes general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as specific scientific methods of comparative law and formal legal analysis.The scientific problem of the article lies in the existing contradiction between the rapid development of the computer games market and the state of modern legal science in terms of scientific understanding and regulation of the entertainment industry.The main results, scope of application. There are two main forms of public funding in the gaming industry: (1) donations; (2) crowdfunding. Donations are more common for streamers, crowdfunding for computer developers. Donat is money sent without the condition of reciprocity. In recent years, crowdfunding has become a common way to attract investments. The purchase of a digital (or physical) copy of a game is the acquisition of the right to use (access) a computer game. Therefore, the funds we transfer are investments. We become beneficiaries of the published product. As a result, the developer will have to pay taxes on the funds raised. A loot box is a virtual item – a random set of additional features.The process of loot distribution is similar to a game of chance: players choose the level of need for a thing. Lootbox, despite the deceived expectations of the player, still brings some benefits to the player. In other words, the player pays a few dollars and expects to receive something of value in return, but the amount of winnings can be both large and small. In this regard, it seems that the loot box is a classic win-win lottery. Therefore, loot boxes should not be equated with gambling, otherwise the gaming industry could respond by referring to the need to include lotteries (and insurance) as gambling. At the same time, the similarity of several elements indicates that there is always a risk of turning a computer game into gambling.Conclusions. There are a number of ways to monetize the material incentives for players. These methods include donations, funds received in the course of crowdinvesting, as well as loot boxes. Donations are an intermediate phenomenon between donation and payment. For individuals, income from donations will not be taxed if there is no consideration. Also, sometimes donations should be understood as funds from crowdinvestments, which developers sometimes collect to create the next game. These funds, in most cases, should still be treated as developer income, not donations. The boundary between the payment of in-game property and gambling is the phenomenon of loot boxes, which should be qualified as a win-win lottery.


Recent results on effects of Bose-Einstein symmetrization in a system of independently produced particles are interpreted in terms of statistical physics. For a large class of distributions, the effective sizes of the system in momentum and in configuration space are shown to shrink when quantum interference is taken into account. 1. In recent papers [1, 2] we worked out the implications of the assumption that the identical pions generated in multiple production processes have only the correlations due to Bose-Einstein statistics. This was taken to mean that observable distributions can be evaluated in two steps. First, for the unphysical case of distinguishable pions independence is assumed, i.e. the poissonian multiplicity distirbution P (0) (N) = e −ν ν N N! (1) * Dedicated to Jan Pisut on the occasion of his 60th birthday.


Scutes Reserved for Living Tags Charles W. Caillouet, Jr., Charles T. Fontaine, Sharon A. Manzella, Theodore D. Williams and D. B. Rivera National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Center, Galveston Laboratory, 4700 Avenue U, Galveston, TX 77660 USA Living-tags on carapace scutes are being used to distinguish year-classes of head-started Kemp's ridley sea turtles, Lepidochelys kempi (Fontaine and Caillouet 1985). In this report, we provide information on which scutes have been used to place living-tags in past years and also outline our plans for placing living-tags on particular scutes of future year-classes of Kemp's ridleys. Available records indicate that turtles released from year-classes 1978 and 1979 were not living-tagged. For year-classes 1980-1995, the scutes used or proposed for Kemp's ridleys living-tags are shown in Table 1. Table 1. Scutes used or proposed for head started and living-tagged Kemp's ridleys.


The massive growth of English as an international language has meant that many among the very considerable number of those who are engaged in teaching it have been eager to possess a full description of the features of the spoken variety they employ. The first really full account of a suitable British model pronunciation is found in Daniel Jones's Outline of English Phonetics, notably as it appeared in 1932. For thirty years this was unrivalled. Despite numerous features which have become outdated and others that were never entirely suitable treatments of their subject matter, this book has still not been completely superseded and fortunately still remains in print. In 1962, A. C. Gimson's Introduction to the Pronunciation of English immediately showed itself to be a better organised and more up-to-date account but markedly less oriented to the needs of the EFL teacher and learner. Less than 5% of its content consisted of specific advice for this audience. Its second revision in 1980 more than doubled its EFL coverage by the addition of a very valuable appendix on 'Teaching the Pronunciation of English'.


This year marks the year of the nurse and midwife. Barrie Green reflects on his career in nursing and what he thinks the profession can offer.


Objective: To compare mean time to return of bowel motility and passage of first flatus after elective caesarean section between gum chewing and control group.
Study Design: Randomized controlled study
Place and Duration: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, DHQ Teaching Hospital, Rawalpindi,  from 30th Dec, 2016 to 30th Jun, 2017.
Methodology: After taking approval from the Ethical Review Committee of DHQ hospital and permission from all concerned authorities, study was initiated. All patients fulfilling the above mentioned inclusion criteria were explained the purpose and procedure of the study. Written informed consent was taken from the patient. A detailed history was taken and thorough physical examination was performed. Women were randomized by lottery method into two groups; group A (gum-chewing group) who had received one stick of sugar free gum for 15 minutes every 2 hours after surgery, and group B had a control group (non gum-chewing group). The two groups were followed up postoperatively and were monitored and compared for return of bowel activity by auscultation of bowel sounds every 2 hours and recording time to first pass of flatus.
Results: Total 160 patients were included in the study according to the inclusion criteria of the study. Mean age (year) was 25.39+3.60. Mean time to return of bowel motility after elective caesarean section in both the group was 7.23+1.06 and 27.00+1.03 which was statistically significant (p-value 0.000). Similarly, mean time of passage of flatus after elective caesarean section in both the group was 8.39+0.94 and 28.15+1.13 which was statistically significant (p-value 0.000).
Conclusion: The study concludes that mean duration of appearance of return of bowel motility and mean time of passage of stool after elective caesarean section in patients of chewing gum group was less than in control group. Thus, at the very least, gum-chewing immediately after surgery is more effective and harmless intervention to reduce postoperative ileus


DR. DAVEY In the first group of experiments we did not find any marked difference in the results, whether cultures were harvested at day 5 or day 6, but this is clearly very late in lymphocyte culture time and there tended to be a fairly wide variation. It is late even for antigen stimulation, and I think that in some of the cultures the pH had dropped so much that we were getting rather slight effects.


This paper discusses about the wake structure of wind turbine via the use of URANS and Quasi-DNS, focussing on the tip vortex breakdown. The moving overlapped structured grids CFD Solver based on a fourth-order reconstruction and an all-speed scheme, rFlow3D is used for capturing the characteristics of tip vortices. The results from the Model Experiments in Controlled Conditions project (MEXICO) was accordingly selected for executing wake simulations through the variation of tip speed ratio (TSR); in an operational wind turbine, TSR often changes in value. Therefore, it is important to assess the potential effects of TSR on wake characteristics. The results obtained by changing TSR show the variations of the position of wake breakdown and wake expansion. The correspondence between vortices and radial/rotational flow is also confirmed.


Internet-based research; the possibilities and challenges involved in using Open Link for informant recruitment and data collection Summary This article discusses the methodological challenges involved in using the Internet for informant recruitment and data collection in research targeting a specific audience. The article is based on a study focusing on informal carers of people with health and/or social problems. The objectives were to gain knowledge of informal carers' responsibilities and tasks, burdens and strain, as well as their collaboration with the Health Care Services. Information about the study was disseminated through Facebook and various web sites in autumn 2011, with an Open Link to a questionnaire. 94 women and 14 men participated in the study, 47.3% of whom had a third level education and about 80% had been informal carers for over six years. The majority of respondents were informal carers of people suffering from mental illness, alcohol or drug abuse. Most of the respondents reported that collaboration with the health services was of major importance. The main focus of this article is the possibilities and challenges involved in using Open Link in terms of the sample and credibility of the data.


Vascularly perfused rat incisors were investigated by electron microscopy in order to achieve further definition of the origin and nature of stippled material in developing enamel. A prolonged (20-minute) pre-wash perfusion of the rat with a physiological solution at 37°C prior to perfusion fixation retained good morphology of the secretory ameloblasts and adjacent enamel, showing virtually no extracellular accumulation of granular material. Granular material appeared throughout the developing enamel after pre-wash perfusion at low temperatures (0-2°C), and accumulated in the extensively dilated extracellular spaces between the proximal portions of Tomes' processes, where numerous coated pits and coated vesicles were located. Vascular perfusion at 37°C, preceded by a cold perfusion, abolished the granular material in the developing enamel, whereas the granular material in the extracellular spaces between Tomes' processes remained as huge droplets of dense material. These results indicate that at least a part of the matrix protein of rat incisor developing enamel has the physico-chemical property to dissociate at low temperature during pre-wash perfusion and move toward the enamel surface. Thus, in perfusion-fixed specimens, an intimate relationship between the artifactual formation of stippled material and the temperature of the pre-wash perfusate is suggested.


Today, the administration of huge data accumulations draws much consideration as information frameworks have been produced to manage huge computational issues and give the chance to sharing topographically appropriated assets for large‒scale data‒intensive applications. In this way, finding a compelling way to deal with find information assets keeping in mind the end goal to advance better collaborations between application groups or virtual association's turns into a basic test. Conventional matrix asset revelation models are for the most part in view of focal and various leveled design that can prompt bottlenecking with the extension of the lattice scale. Asset revelation (information source disclosure) is an imperative advance in the administration, incorporation and questioning of huge information. A matchmaking process and visualization has been examined in big data analytics.


Clindamycin, IVIg, and corticosteroids are widely used in medicine. In this study, we represent an unusual case of sinus bradycardia following the administration of these drugs. The patient was a 31-year-old woman who presented a complaint of vaginal bleeding at Shahid Motahhari Hospital, Urmia, Iran. Vaginal examination revealed active bleeding. Laboratory tests reported a positive HCG level. Ultrasonography was performed, and the results showed the presence of retained products of conception. The patient became a candidate for curettage. The initial pulse rate was tachycardia. Laboratory data were reported, platelet count of 16000. Corticosteroids and IVIgs were started. Due to the possibility of infectious abortion, Clindamycin and Gentamicin was started. About 24 hours after curettage and 4 hours after starting clindamycin, the patient felt dizziness. Vital signs were obtained that PR: 38-40. We concluded that clindamycin and IVIg can result in severe bradycardia, even in patients with no previous cardiac history, especially when combined with corticosteroids. As a result, we recommend physicians be more cautious when administrating these medications.


The functions of global forests are threatened by the increasing frequency of severe drought. Due to drought inducing reductions in soil nutrient availability, efficiencies of nutrient use and resorption of trees become crucial for forest functions and biogeochemical cycles. However, understanding the dynamics of responses of foliar nutrient use and resorption efficiencies to drought, especially in tropical or subtropical forests, is still limited. Our goal was to detect whether and how the importance of leaf nutrient use and resorption changes across different species in the hot and wet forests when suffering drought stress in different months.

 Based on a 70% throughfall exclusion experiment in a subtropical forest, we collected green and senesced leaves of Schima superba and Lithocarpus glaber in different months from October 2016 to May 2019, to estimate the effects of drought on leaf nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) use and resorption efficiencies (i.e. NUE and PUE, NRE and PRE).

 The effects of drought on nutrient use and resorption efficiencies varied between species and months. Based on a 2-year observation, drought had no effect on S. superba, but significantly decreased NUE, NRE and PRE of L. glaber by 3.4%, 20.2% and 7.1%, respectively. Furthermore, the negative drought effects were aggravated by the natural summer drying in 2017. As a result, NUE and PUE of L. glaber were significantly depressed by 17.2% and 58.1%, while NRE and PRE were significantly reduced by 56.5% and 53.8% in August 2017. Moreover, the responses of NRE, PRE and NUE to drought were related with soil moisture (SM) for L. glaber, and when SM decreased to a threshold near 9 v/v%, drought effects were shifted from unresponsive to negative. Our results highlight a species-specific threshold response of nutrient use under drought in a subtropical forest.


Utilization of Media building models to Improve Mathematics learning outcomes in Ggrade VI elementary schools. This study describes the extent to which the use of geometrical media can improve students' mathematics learning outcomes in the basic competence "Calculating the surface area of geometric shapes" for Grade VI students of SD Negeri Blederan. The form of this research is Classroom Action Research (CAR) through geometric media with experimental methods. The number of students in class IV-B of SD Negeri Blederan is 15 students (11 male students and 4 female students). The source of the data from this study came from teaching and learning events in Mathematics with the basic competency "Calculating the surface area of a geometric shape" in the classroom, teachers and documents in the form of a list of Grade VI students' grades for the 2021/2022 academic year. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, testing and assignment of questions. Research procedures include problem identification, problem analysis, preparation of action plans, implementation of observational actions and preparation of reports. The research process was carried out in 2 cycles, each cycle was carried out in 2 meetings which included action, action planning, action implementation, observation, analysis and reflection. Based on data on students' test scores, there has been an increase in the average score starting from before the remedial action of learning (pre-cycle), Cycle I and Cycle II. The average score before the learning corrective action was implemented was 59.3, after the learning corrective action in Cycle I the average value became 71.3 and 86.7 in Cycle II with KKM 70. This means that learning by experimental method and utilizing building media models in mathematics provides great benefits to the learning outcomes of class VI.


A printed multiband inverted-F antenna (IFA) is presented in this letter. The concept of loading a printed-IFA with composite right/left-handed (CRLH) unit cells is theoretically and analyze investigated by using electromagnetic simulators, High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS), for wireless communication. The proposed printed-IFA with two arms interconnect by CRLH unit cell to achieve extra operating bands in addition to the two fundamental resonant frequencies of two IFA arms. The structure is designed to operate at GSM 1.8 GHz and WLAN 5.2 GHz. simulated results are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions. KeywordsAntennas IFA,Transmission ligne metamaterial, CRLH, wireless communication.


Background: Healthcare professionals should be trained in basic life support (BLS), as it is a basic skill which can save lives if implemented timely. An ability to react immediately to the emergency at hand and having the proper equipment and drugs needed for the emergency, can mean the difference between successful management and failure.  Objective of this study is to assess the knowledge, awareness and attitude of dental practitioners towards BLS facilities.
Methods: This is a cross sectional study conducted from January to March 2021 among 250 dental interns, BDS and MDS doctors by assessing responses to 10 selected questions pertaining to BLS among dental practitioners in Mumbai/Navi Mumbai. Inclusion criteria: BDS, MDS doctors.
Results: The results of my study showed that almost (77.5%) enquire about medical history. Only (32.2%) felt competent in responding to emergency situation at clinics. (46.6%) were confident about administrating IV, I.M injections and performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). They were also assessed for the emergency drugs and emergency kits, which were available with (49.5%).
Conclusions: The survey shows that there is substantial lack of BLS knowledge among dental practitioners. Prompt recognition & efficient management of medical emergencies can increase the likelihood of a satisfactory income. This is feasible by incorporating BLS in academic curriculum on regular basis and through hands on workshops.


Fetz, Nancy Tillman, M.A., March 13, 1981 German Christine Nostlinger—Children's Advocate and Social Critic (153 pp.) Director: Horst Jarka This thesis examines twelve works of the award-winning author, Christine Nostlinger, who is without question the most successful, the most published and publicized author of children's books in Austria today. The main focus of the thesis is on ideological content, rather than on aesthetic, structural or linguistic aspects of the works. This approach is well-suited to Nostlinger's writing, for her intentions as well as the ideology underlying her works are foremost didactic ones. Nostlinger's intent is to destroy the myth of the "safe and sacred" world of children and to expose the oppressive behavior of those in whose hands the fate of children rest. Her works deal specifically with the problems children face growing up in Viennese society today. Throughout her works Christine Nostlinger remains an ardent advocate for children and other minority groups whom she sees as being the victims of neglect and authoritarian abuses at home and in school. The thesis analyzes Christine Nostlinger's unique contribution to that body of literature for children which attempts to deal with contemporary social realities in a critical way but does so against the broader historical background of children's literature in the German speaking world, recognizing that Christine Nostlinger's works clearly reflect certain contemporary trends in children's book writing in Germany and Austria. The first chapter offers an historical overview of children's literature in Germany and Austria since 19^5, giving special attention to the so-called "anti-authoritarian" and early Marxist embued children's books. The current status of children's literature research and criticism in these two countries is also discussed. The use of fantasy and imagination as a means to escape an unpleasant reality is the central theme of the first three books discussed. In Chapters IV through VIII the focus shifts toward resolution of the problems through a creative use of fantasy and collective problem solving. The last four works discussed belong together as realistic novels for teenage readers. The thesis concludes that children's literature acts as a mirror to the society in which it thrives and is inextricably bound to social and economic factors which govern award-winning children's book publishing today.


Moroccan youth and virtual discussions.
This article focuses on the forums of two Moroccan websites and the postings of Moroccan youth sent to these messageboards. It seems that no topic is anymore taboo in the virtual world, which is quite opposed to the physical reality. In face-to-face situations boys and girls have to follow strict social rules and they are not likely to discuss sensible subjects as sexuality. Besides, in Islam sexuality is only allowed in marriage, as a consequence girls have to be a virgin when they marry. The reputation of a girl is also related with the honour of the family and is therefore an important element of the construction of identity. I suppose that analysing those virtual debates give insight in what topics Moroccan youth perceive important. Regarding the content of those messages is the question whether they discuss their own cultural boundaries. Research has been conducted on two messageboards of Moroccan websites: the girlsboard of Maroc.nl and the marriage magazine Yasmina.nl. One of the purposes of the websites is to give Moroccan youth a forum to express themselves, and when we look at the many messages they posted, it can be called a success. Most of the themes refer to subjects about the relationships between boys and girls, marriage, sexuality and Islam. Observing the content of the postings, a great diversity of meanings comes up, we notice that they discuss the cultural boundaries, however, without transcending them. Interesting individualistic tendencies can be distinguished, for instance an Islamic rule will be followed not for collective but for personal motives. Bastani emphasises in her research on a Muslim Women Network that the main issue is identity and not anonymity, in the case of the Moroccan forums both issues are the basis for success. The Moroccan messageboards fulfil a need for Moroccan youth to express themselves on their own terms.


Laid before the Northern Ireland Assembly under Schedule 3A (15) (4) of the Justice (Northern Ireland) Act 2002 by the Department of Justice on 26th June 2015


THE ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL VOLUME 114, NUMBER 4 OCTOBER 1997NGC 5291: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE FORMATION OF DWARF GALAXIESBENJAMIN K. MALPHRUSDepartment of Physical Sciences, Morehead State University, Morehead. Kentucky 40351Electronic mail: firstname.lastname@example.com 0 7 1 2/4, CAROLINE E. SIMPSONDepartment of Physics. Florida International Universily, Miami, Florida 33199Electronic mail: email@example.com. T. GOTTESMANDepartment of Astronomy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611Electronic mail: firstname.lastname@example.com G. HAWARDEN lJoint Astronomy Centre, 660 North A'ohoku Place, Hilo, Hawaii 96270Electronic mail: email@example.com 1997 April 20; revised 1997 July 7ABSTRACTThe possible formation and evolution of dwarf irregular galaxies from material derived from perturbedevolved galaxies is addressed via an H 1 study of a likely example, the peculiar system NGC 5291. Thissystem, located in the western outskirts of the cluster Abell 3574, contains the lenticular galaxy NGC 5291which is in close proximity to a disturbed companion and is flanked by an extensive complex of numerousknots extending roughly 4' north and 4' south of the galaxy. In an initial optical and radio study, Longmoreet al. (1979, MNRAS, 188,285) showed that these knots have the spectra of vigorous star-forming regions,and suggested that some may in fact be young dwarf irregular galaxies. High resolution 21-cm lineobservations taken with the VLA are presented here and reveal that the H 1 distribution associated with thissystem encompasses not only the entire N-S complex of optical knots, but also forms an incomplete ring ortail that extends approximately 3' to the west. The H I associated with NGC 5291 itself shows a highvelocity range; the Seashell is not detected. The formation mechanism for this unusual system is unclear andtwo models--a large, low-luminosity ram-swept disk, and a ram-swept interaction--are discussed. The H lin the system contains numerous concentrations, mostly along the N-S arc of the star-forming complexes,which generally coincide with one or more optical knots; the larger H 1 features contain several × 109 M,Sof gas. Each of the knots is compared to a set of criteria designed to determine if these objects are boundagainst their own internal kinetic energy and are tidally stable relative to the host galaxy. An analysis of theproperties of the H I concentrations surrounding the optical star-forming complexes indicates that at leastthe largest of these is a bound system; it also possesses a stellar component. It is suggested that this objectis a genuinely young dwarf irregular galaxy that has evolved from the material associated with the systemand that this entire complex contains several proto- or young dwarf irregular galaxies in various stages ofdevelopment. We are therefore witnessing the early evolution of a number of genuinely young galaxies.Given the evident importance of the NGC 5291 system as a "nursery" for young galaxies, careful modelingis required if we are to understand this remarkable galaxy. © 1997 American Astronomical Society.[S0004-6256(97)02110-9]I. INTRODUCTIONNGC 5291 lies at c_=13h47m24)3, b'=--30°24'26 "(J2000), in the western parts of the cluster Abell 3574 2(Abell 1958) of which it is probably a member. We adopt avalue for H 0 of 75 km s-_ Mpc-_; the cluster recessionIRoyal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3H J. United Kingdom.2A.k.a. Shapley 1346-30 (Shapley 1936), 1C 4329 (de Vaucouleurs & deVaucouleurs 1964), and Klemola 29 (Klemola 1969).velocity of 4350 km s J (e.g., Richter 1984) then implies adistance of 58 Mpc. Pedersen etal. (1978) presented andbriefly discussed deep images of the system taken with theESO 3.6 m telescope, drawing attention to the immense com-plexes of optical knots which extend several galactic diam-eters to the north and south and hypothesizing that these areH II regions (or at least, sites of recent star formation) fromtheir blue colors. In the Second Reference Catalog of BrightGalaxies (de Vaucouleurs et al. 1976) NGC 5291 is classi-fied as a peculiar elliptical (Ep?) with a nearby companion.1427 Astron. J. 114 (4), Oclober 1997 0004-6256/97/114(4)/1427/20/$10.00 © 1997 Am. Astron. Soc. 1427


In adult dogs, feces quality can be influenced by own characteristics of the animal (breed size and age), diet (change without transition, type and quality of food), lifestyle and environment (stress), and digestive pathogens (bacteria, viruses, parasites). In puppies, weaning diarrhea is a main problem. Different infectious or environmental factors could have an impact on digestive health. However studies are rare and did use a global approach to determine the different risk factors which could influence feces quality. The aim of this work was, first of all, to develop some objective methods in order to evaluate digestive health in puppy. In a second part risk factors of weaning diarrhea in puppies were studied. Prevalence and risk factors of astrovirus infection was considered in the last part. Puppies between 4 and 14 weeks of age from French breeding kennels were included in the different studies. A fecal scale was developed and a pathologic fecal score defined taking into account age and breed size of puppies. Interest of calprotectin as a marker of intestinal inflammation was evaluated in adult dogs with chronic diarrhea and use in puppies infected or not by different parasites. Prevalence of astrovirus was evaluated in puppies living in French breeding kennels. Two physiologic factors (age and breed size) have an impact on feces quality. Canine parvovirus type 2 is a main pathogen impacting feces quality. A higher fecal calprotectin concentration was observed in dogs with chronic diarrhea. Giardia sp could have an impact on fecal calprotectin in puppies. Young dogs can be infected by enteropathogens which are not frequently considered as astrovirus. This work proposes new tools in order to evaluate digestive health in puppy (fecal score, fecal calprotectine). Influence of enteropathogens (viruses and parasites) and physiologic factors (age and breed size) on feces quality was underlined.


Three kinds of Al2O3- Si- C matrix specimens were prepared using tabular corundum powder and Si powder as starting materials,ultrafine flake graphite,nano carbon black,and carbon nanotubes as carbon sources,respectively,to research the effect of micro or nano carbon materials on structure and morphology of formed Si C crystals. The specimens were fired at 1 000,1 200 and 1 400℃ for 3 h in carbon-embedded condition,respectively.The phase composition was studied by XRD and the crystal morphology of Si C was investigated by FESEM. The results show that:( 1) the amount of Si C increases with the firing temperature rising;( 2) the in-situ reaction mechanism and the formed Si C crystal morphology vary with carbon source: carbon nanotubes are generally converted into Si C whiskers by carbon nanotubes-confined reaction; Si and nano carbon black react to nucleate quickly,and the nucleated Si C crystals grow evenly in all directions forming Si C particles; Si C whiskers are produced from edge to internal of ultrafine flake graphite.


Based on theoretical considerations, this article investigates the socio-cultural mechanisms through which diversified firms are effectively managed without loss of control. Empirical results from extensive questionnaire surveys in Korea and the U.S. show that socio-cultural mechanisms such as shared values and corporate-level training were significantly and positively associated with divisional performance. In addition, socio-cultural mechanisms appear to have unequal effects on the corporate performance in societies with different cultural contexts. Statistical results show that socio-cultural mechanisms worked better in chaebols than in large U.S. firms, possibly because such mechanisms positively interact with high-context culture.


We have analyzed experimentally and theoretically the modal properties of a semiconductor ring laser and the wavelength jumps that occur in connection with directional switching above threshold. A transfer matrix analysis allow us to explain the transfer function measurements when amplified spontaneous emission in the cavity is accounted for. Moreover the transfer matrix analysis permits to determine the threshold condition for the laser modes, which split in two branches due to the symmetry breaking imposed by the output coupler and output waveguides. The wavelength jumps displayed by the device above threshold are interpreted with the frequency splitting and threshold difference between these two branches of solutions, together with the redshift of the material gain.