The advance of modern technology and computing instruments has made the plastic art of materials and tools in various dimensions possible. In activities of plastic art, the graphic design is called the two-dimensional art, suggesting the artistic activities happen in a 2D space, while the stereoscopic design implies that the artistic form exists in a 3D space. In this case, if the timeline is added to keep records of the graphic motion, this may be also considered a 4D graphic design. Such an artistic genre is regarded as Kinetic Art/Sculpture as well (Lin, 1999). For example, the prominent Russian sculptor of Constructivism, Gabo (1920), has made use of thin long wires to create his famous kinetic sculpture, Standing Wave. This sculpture was vibrating motor-driven by generating a significant oscillation on the strings so that the long still wires can be in the form of curves because of the physical energy seen as Figure 1(a). In the history of Western arts, futurism is seen as people's rebellion against the artistic phenomenon at that time as well as an inspiration of new ideology. It rises from literary movement in 1909 when Marinetti advocated the termination of all traditional arts and the establishment of a novel genre integrating arts with the living pace of machine era. As soon as the futurism came into being, it soon spread to influence the creation of all fields, such as arts, music, drama, movie, and photography. Futurists are obsessed with the aesthetics of motion and speed, preferring machines and technology to traditional arts. Therefore, they devote themselves in presenting the motion, speed, and the transformation process of objects. In a futurist painting, spatial concept exists no more and the object is never still. Moreover, the objects are moving and intersecting without a stop. Futurism is deeply affected by post-impressionism and cubism. Though it has borrowed numerous features of cubism, futurism still preserves its own uniqueness. For instance, cubism is composed of geometric pictures in a still manner. By decomposing and reconstructing, cubism presents the static aesthetics of machinery. However, futurism focuses on motion and change. It decomposes the movement into fragments, blending them with the development of time to demonstrate the beauty of speed (Shlain, 1993) seen as Figure 1(b). This is a creation of Balla in 1912, named Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash. The walking of dog and the swinging of leash tied on the dog's neck overlap each other in one single space so that the dog appears to have more than four legs and the leash presents to be more than a curve. Seen as Figure 1(c) is a work created by Duchamp in 1912 and the work is called Nude Descending a Staircase. This creation successfully reproduces the posture of a nude lady walking downstairs in superimposition. Similarly, in Figure 1(d) shows another work of Duchamp in 1923. This time, the artist creates Revolving Glass out of bicycle wheels to demonstrate how the objects are superimposed and integrated as the time evolves. Both these two works present similar expression and concept of the physical features in space. Figure 1: Kinetic Sculpture and Futurism: the aesthetics of motion and change and the beauty of speed To sustain the concept of futurism, any straight lines in a 2D space can be regarded as the collection of a certain vertex moving from the beginning to the termination. Its movement seems to take the geometric forms of relative motion. The geometric forms of relative motions are the digital art forms developed by the researcher over the recent years (Anonymous, 2010, 2012; Anonymous, 2005, 2006). Papers have been published on orbital, polygonal wheelbase, pursuit and weight relative motion digital art forms. The study aimed at investigating the combinations of the relative motion: orbital and wheelbase-based motion which were implemented by chaotic terms, developing a systematic model to control its motion parameters, analyzing how the parameters affect its process of motion, and finally discovering the geometric art forms generated by computing the parameters. Wheelbase-based Motion suggests that the trajectory appears in a straight and direct pattern of motion according to the structures of objective coordinate system, moving back and forth in a two-dimensional space from the beginning to the termination. In order to convenience of research, the study had developed the Relative Motion Creator (RMC) as the study tool to investigate the combinations of orbital and wheelbase-based motion so that it may compile the model of wheelbase-based motion with chaotic terms, complete its motion structure, and operate its motion parameters. The RMC provides the functions of editing relative motion type and motion structure, recursive motion, manipulating motion parameters, editing chaotic term structure, investigating form variations, trajectory computation, color setting and visualization, as well as uploading RMD (Relative Motions Data) to server sharing platform, and the data can be downloaded directly. In RMC, the most simplified relative motion system can be regarded as the concept shown in Figure 2; one fundamental coordinate system contains a subjective and an objective system. Moreover, one of five motion types can be defined between two systems. The RMC tool could be downloaded at http://can.elt.nhcue.edu.tw/cgflab/download.html (a) Gabo(1920) (b) (Balla, 1912) (c) (Duchamp, 1912) (d) (Duchamp, 1923)


The paper examines specific features of interpretation of someone else's speech, in particular non-native-direct speech, in the contemporary theory of translation. The non-native-direct speech is shown to include substantial and introducing parts. At its translation from Russian into German, the semantic status of this type of someone else's speech is altered. It has been established that replacement of introducing part causes a change of semantics of its substantial part.


In this paper, we study the regularity of convex solutions to the Dirichlet problem
of the homogeneous Monge-Ampere equation $\det D^2 u=0$.
We prove that if the domain is a strip region and the boundary functions
are locally uniformly convex and $C^{k+2,\alpha}$ smooth,
then the solution is $C^{k+2,\alpha}$ smooth up to boundary.
By an example, we show the solution may fail to be $C^{2}$ smooth
if boundary functions are not locally uniformly convex.
Similar results have also been obtained for the Dirichlet problem
on bounded convex domains.


Aims and background Current advances in radiotherapy for breast cancer require knowledge of the anatomy of irradiated areas to minimize geographic miss and spare organs at risk. This study aimed at defining a contouring approach for supraclavicular (SC) and infraclavicular (IC) nodes after mastectomy or conservative surgery in patients with breast cancer. Methods and Study Design In 15 patients, SC and IC nodes were contoured on computed tomography slices according to Madu et al and Dijkema et al. After analyzing relapse sites, as reported by Reed et al, our approach was defined. The 3 methods were compared in all patients, quantifying differences in contours by percentage overlap (PO). Results In our approach, SC node delineation is similar to Madu et al in the ventral and medial landmarks, but includes the lateral SC nodes described by Dijkema et al. The lateral landmarks are the scalenus anterior and medius muscle lateral border and the clavicle. Dorsal boundaries are the scalenus anterior and medius muscle ventral and lateral surfaces and the subclavian artery ventral border. In IC node delineation, major differences emerged in cranial and dorsal limits which, in our approach, are the pectoralis minor muscle upper edge and the subclavian axillary artery ventral side. Our mean and median volumes and POs were between the other 2 methods. Conclusions This study contributes to standardizing draining node contouring, so as to reduce variability and minimize geographic miss.


It is noted that the requirements for the reactor installations of new atomic icebreakers of 22220, 10510, 10570 projects suggest an increase in safety (reliability), efficiency and maneuverability. At the same time, the maneuverability of reactor installations in specific features is limited and does not have an unambiguous connection with the maneuverability of the nuclear energy installation in general and rowing electric motors in particular. For this, the separate principle of controlling the reactor and steam turbine installation is implemented on the projects of atomic icebreakers. It is indicated that the development of new projects of atomic icebreakers with increased consumer properties requires processing the statistical information based on the results of the operation of atomic icebreakers of already implemented 10520, 10521, 10580 projects with various input terms and the duration of operation in the Arctic. This allows us to ensure the development of a reasonable approach when determining the operation of atomic icebreakers. It is noted that in order to compare maneuvering operating modes of reactor installations of individual icebreakers and the development of generalizing characteristics, information obtained from specific icebreakers is required. The collection of statistical data from the organized on all nuclear icebreakers and grouped materials are annually received for processing and generalization in the «OKBM Africantov». Assignment calculations are made on statistical information accumulated from 1975 to 2000 by the quantity and depth of change in reactors power when working in the Arctic conditions. A new approach to taking into account the number of equivalent cycles during maneuvering the reactor installation is proposed in the paper. In features of the existing approach with the determination of the above number of cycles in a new approach, the significance of the sublayer is taken into account by the impact on the reliability of the active zone. It is shown that this approach gives a more adequate assessment of the active zone resource expenditure during the campaign. The evaluation of the cycles density of the reactor installation power changing over the reporting period of time is also proposed. It is shown that at maneuverable operation of individual icebreakers there are an individual emphasis and increased maneuverable load of single-reactor icebreakers in relation to dual-reactor.


One of the tasks for monitoring the safety of the environment is the ecological and geochemical assessment of the soil. Heavy metals tend to pollute agricultural soils located in the zone of influence of industrial enterprises. This study consists of ecological magnetism methods for assessing the content of heavy metals in agricultural soil. The studies were carried out within the reference area of the Agrochemical Service of the Perm region. Ancient alluvial deposits are the bedrock of the studied soil. The magnetic phase of the bedrock contains more heavy metals than the magnetic phase of the topsoil. Gleying reduces the concentration of heavy metals in the magnetic particles of the topsoil. Iron-manganese nodules accumulate Mn, Cr, V, Zn, Ni, Cu, Co. The arable topsoil is polluted with nickel relative to the maximum permitted concentration (MPC) of chemical elements in the soil. Keywords: ENVIRONMENTAL AND GEOCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT, SOIL MONITORING, ARABLE LAND, SOIL HEAVY METALS POLLUTION


BACKGROUND/AIMS
The new reconstruction procedure after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) is described to evaluate its usefulness.

METHODOLOGY
The jejunum was made for an end-to-side choledochojejunostomy, and the cut proximal jejunum for approximately 20 cm was led to the pancreatic stump for end-to-end anastomosis with telescoping. Approximately 20 cm of jejunum was created with a side-to-end anastomosis with the stomach, and end-to-side jejuno-jejunostomy for Roux-en Y reconstruction. As a postoperative course, separated loop method (SL, n=38) was evaluated by comparing pancreatogastrostomy (PG, n=31) and Imanaga method (IM, n=26).

RESULTS
On SL, PG and IM cases, the high amylase level in drainage fluid was noted in 2.6%, 6.5% and 19.2%, respectively. The delayed gastric emptying was seen in PG and IM, but not in SL. Serum albumin levels were similar, but cholinesterase and total cholesterol levels were significant better in SL.

CONCLUSIONS
SL method is safe for complications after PD.


It is had to efficiently improve college students' spoken English ability with traditional teaching approaches of College English.Teachers should reform teaching approaches,construct diversified and enriched classroom spoken English teaching so as to inspire students' interest in learning and to improve spoken English teaching with the development of students' spoken English ability.


In this paper maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, MAPP (GR-205) was used as a coupling agent for the
PP-cellulose (derived from oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber) and PP-oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber (EFBF)
biocomposites. Different sets of biocomposites were prepared by blending PP-cellulose and PP-EFBF at a fixed
ratio of 70/30 (wt/wt %) using brabender mixer at 180 °C. The MAPP was added at varying concentrations (2,
3, 5, and 7 wt %) during the blending. The biocomposite were subsequently molded with hot press under
pressure for the test specimen preparation. The effect of MAPP concentration on the mechanical properties
such as tensile, flexural and impact strengths of both the biocomposites were studied. It was found that 30 wt %
filler (cellulose and EFBF) loading with 2 wt % MAPP concentration give the best results for the EFBF
biocomposites. Nearly 58 % increase in tensile strength of PP-EFBF was observed in respect of control
(without MAPP) biocomposite. The MAPP enhanced the EFBF matrix adhesion, resulting in an improvement in
EFBF biocomposite performance. On the other hand there were no significant changes observed in the PPcellulose
biocomposites properties on addition of MAPP.


The unbroken The Brisbane Repertory Theatre Society, later known as La Boite Theatre is the the oldest in Queensland and is acknowledged as one of the most financially stable and creatively viable companies in the performing arts sector in Australia. A brief account of the way the company has managed this remarkable journey, despite numerous set-backs and crises, is described.


This study investigated inter-right brain synchrony between therapist and client in Sandplay therapy, using hyperscanning technique based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). fNIRS is a non-intrusive method that measures changes in oxyhemoglobin the cerebral blood. A total of seven therapist-client pairs-i.e., 14 participants-wore fNIRS devices on their heads and engaged in two sessions of Sandplay therapy, with each session lasting for 30 minutes. The study observed synchronization in the right and left prefrontal cortices of both therapists and clients in all seven pairs, during every session. Interestingly enough, synchronization occurred not only while the pairs engaged in verbal communication about the completed sandpicture but also during the non-verbal process of clients' creating sandpictures. The outcome of the study hence suggests neurobiological fundamentals for the therapeutic relationship between therapist and client, which is also called the therapeutic resonance, relational mutual regression, therapeutic alliance, and mother-child unity.


This research quantifies the relative importance of proximity to extended family networks in the stated residential location choices of Bogotá's low-to-middle-income residents by applying a conditional logistic regression model and using data from an original choice experiment. I find that the surveyed individuals prefer living near their extended family and, on average, prioritise it more than accessibility to the central business district. Those who have relied on help from extended family members in a personal or economic crisis situation have a stronger preference for living near extended family compared with those who have not, as do those who are able to rely on extended family ties for childcare assistance.


Abstract Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruits can be used for fresh consumption, industrial processing, and medicinal purposes. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the diversity of its different genotypes to be aware of their potential. In the present study, morphological and pomological diversity of 70 native pomegranate genotypes was evaluated to introduce superior selections. Most of the characters showed significant differences among the genotypes. Fruit weight ranged from 103.28 to 407.59 g, and total aril weight per fruit ranged from 51.55 to 238.97 g. Fruit peel color was highly variable and included yellow, yellow‐red, red, and red‐brown. The sunburn and cracking disorders were not observed on the peel of the majority of genotypes. Aril color was highly variable, including light milky, pink, white‐red, red, and red‐black. Seed was soft in 17, semi‐soft in 21, and hard in 32 genotypes. Total aril weight per fruit was positively and significantly correlated with fruit length (r = 0.64), fruit diameter (r = 0.87), fruit weight (r = 0.95), fruit stalk diameter (r = 0.52), fruit peel weight (r = 0.71), and aril shape (r = 0.32). Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the fruit‐related traits were important for determining differences between genotypes. Based on the ideal values of commercial characters of pomegranate, 15 genotypes were promising and thus could be directly cultivated in the orchards and used in the breeding programs.


X-ray studies of zinc and nickel perchlorate hexahydrate, Zn(ClO4)2.6H2O and Ni(ClO4)2.6H2O, respectively, at different temperatures have been carried out to correlate the structural changes with phase transitions in the compounds. The crystals are pseudohexagonal (P63mc), exhibiting a three-component orthorhombic twinning (Pmn21). At high temperatures a slight deviation of the b/a ratio of the three twinned orthorhombic cells from 31/2 results in a three-component splitting of each spot in the X-ray photograph, which on cooling to room temperature coalesce into single ones, thus restoring the original b/a ratio. The diffuse streaks disappear in the high-temperature photographs due to a decrease in the probability of error in repetition along the b axes of the three orthorhombic cells with temperature. A successful refinement of the heat-treated ordered Zn(ClO4)2.6H2O crystal verifies the continuous perchlorate–water arrangement and three-component twinning of the orthorhombic cell. Low-temperature X-ray photographs indicate no structural change.


WiMAX [Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access] is the latest contender as a last mile solution for providing broadband wireless Internet access and is an IEEE 802.16 standard. In IEEE 802.16 MAC protocol, Bandwidth Request (BWR) is the mechanism by which the Subscriber Station (SS) communicates its need for uplink bandwidth allocation to the Base Station (BS). The performance of the system is affected by the collisions of BWR packets in uplink transmission, that have the direct impact on the size of the contention period in uplink sub frame, uplink access delay and uplink throughput. This paper mainly deals with Performance Analysis and Improvement of Uplink Throughput in MAC 802.16 by the Application of a New Mechanism of Circularity. The implementation incorporates a generic simulation of the contention resolution mechanism at the BS. An analysis of the total uplink access delay and also uplink throughput is performed. A new paradigm of circularity is employed by selectively dropping appropriate control packets in order to obviate the bandwidth request collisions, which yields the minimum access delay and thereby effective utilization of available bandwidth towards the uplink throughput. This new paradigm improves contention resolution among the bandwidth request packets and thereby reduces the delay and increases the throughput regardless of the density and topological spread of subscriber stations handled by the BS in the network.


As the world population ages, the need for alternative therapies for neurodegenerative diseases is increasing. Neuronal tissue engineering is one of the most promising methods for creating in vitro disease models and therapies as well as regeneration of lost brain tissue due to neurodegenerative diseases. But due to inherent difficulties of culturing neurons and glia in vitro, studies in this field proceeds slowly. Our aim is to produce surfaces that nerve cells can attach and grow on in vitro. Electrospun chitosan fibers that are shown to be suitable for neurons to grow were produced in three different chemical compositions. New born hippocampal neurons and PC12 model cells were cultured on these surfaces and their interaction with the surfaces were investigated. The cells interact with electrospun fibers and these surfaces can be used for cell replacement in future clinical applications, providing new possibilities to treat human neurodegenerative diseases.


A proposed development for robotic sensor based systems is described. This development environment is based on artificial intelligence techniques where object programming, reactive programming, and frame representation play a fundamental role. An application of this development environment to active tactile sensors is described in detail. Several possibilities of integrating different sensorial sources (touch, force, and location) are presented. Based on this integration, the notions of 2-D and 3-D tactile features are discussed. Some future research directions are introduced. Some proposals are presented for modeling objects based on 2-D and 3-D tactile features. Strategies for the extraction of a new 3-D tactile feature which depend on the previous extracted tactile information are also discussed.<<ETX>>


In this paper,I will make a brief introduction of every method,and then put forward a new general archaeology method named comparative method.After giving a definition for it,I expoud and prove it's key function in prehistoric archaeology from two aspects.The first,from the subject nature view,a point to it's Key function is concluded.The second,from the practice view,it's key position is proved.


Summary Eucalyptus plants cultivated in greenhouses, nurseries and clonal minigardens are vulnerable to attack of Oidium eucalypti (powdery mildew). Essential oils and decoctions prepared from the traditional Brazilian medicinal plants Aloysia gratissima, Cordia verbenacea and Hyptis marrubioides have been shown to be effective in the control of some plant diseases. In this study, the local and systemic effects of these preparations in the control of O. eucalypti were evaluated by assessing the progress of the disease in saplings of a highly susceptible hybrid population of eucalyptus ('urocam'). The systemic effects were also assessed by investigating the ability of the preparations to induce disease resistance, as indicated by increased peroxidase activity. The natural products were found to be as effective as a commercial fungicide (mixture of pyraclostrobin and epoxiconazole) for the control of O. eucalypti in eucalyptus plants under greenhouse conditions. Additionally, the essential oil and decoction of A. gratissima were able to exert systemic control over O. eucalypti and induce peroxidase activity in Oidium-inoculated plants. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the oils and decoctions from the three species exhibited direct fungitoxic activities on O. eucalypti as shown by lysis of hyphal walls and shrinking of conidia. The results presented herein suggest that oils and decoctions from A. gratissima, C. verbenacea and H. marrubioides may offer an effective, practical and ecofriendly strategy for the control of O. eucalypti in eucalyptus.


A survey was carried out in the 1996/97 and 1997/98 growing seasons on a field planted in three replicates with five clones of cassava at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, located in a transition forest, to determine the effects of cassava genotype and climate on the development of African cassava mosaic geminivirus (ACMV) and changes in the Bemisiatabaci population. Cassava genotype, climate and their interactions have significant (P<0.01) effects on the population of B. tabaci and the development of ACMV. The incidence of ACMV was significantly (P<0.01) higher in clones 81/01635 and 92/0520 than in TMS 30572 and 94/0239, while 91/02327 showed the greatest resistance. A positive correlation between the incidence and severity of ACMV was observed, but this did not correlate with the whitefly population density.


The use of SiC-based martials in fabricating power semiconductor devices has shown more interest than conventional silicon-based. Its promising abilities to improve the performance of power electronic systems made it a valuable choice in building high power DC-DC converters. This thesis presents the design and implementation of a three-phase bidirectional DCDC Dual Active Bridge using SiC MOSFETs. The proposed circuit is first built in Matlab for simulation analysis. Then a phase shift modulation controller is designed in Simulink to test the simulation circuit. The controls are then integrated through an FPGA to test the prototype. Simulations and experimental results are evaluated to demonstrate the functionality and performance of the proposed circuit.


Endovascular solutions are now preferable to open surgery in the management of many vascular pathologies. Stanford type A dissection of the ascending aorta has historically been treated with open surgical repair. Endovascular repair, despite its unique difficulties, has emerged as a potential alternative with successful isolated reports describing the use of devices originally designed for the descending aorta. The first devices deployed in the ascending aorta were the Gore Excluder Aortic Extender (W. L. Gore & Associates, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA) and the Medtronic endovascular stent graft (Medtronic Inc, Santa Rosa, California, USA) neither of which were designed for use in the ascending aorta. ( I, II ) Although initially successful the durability of these procedures remains to be seen. When devices designed for the descending thoracic aorta were first placed in the distal aortic arch they were prone to failure via mechanisms such as migration, component separation leading to type III endoleak, fracture and kinking.


In coffee plants treated with different biocontrol agents the enzyme activity of peroxidase (PO), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) was assayed. Significant increase in the activities of PO, PPO, and PAL enzymes was observed in consortium treated coffee plants. The results indicated that the plant growth promoting rhizobacterial consortium Pfbv22+Bbv57 was capable of inducing systemic resistance against lesion nematode, Pratylenchus coffeae by accumulation of defence enzymes viz., PO, PPO and PAL. The population density of P. coffeae decreased and yield of coffee bean increased in Pfbv22+Bbv57 treated plants.


Copaibas (Leguminosae - Caesalpinoideae) are native to the tropical region of Latin America and also West Africa. Their stem barks are used in folk medicine as a cicatrizing, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and antitumor agent. Thus, a phytochemical investigation of both the qualitative and quantitative chemical composition of the volatile and fixed constituents of the leaves, and bark of the Copaifera luetzelburgii stem is necessary and evaluated for their cytotoxicity, antioxidant potential and total phenol content. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of the volatile constituents, the cytotoxic activity, and the antioxidant potential against DPPH and ABTS radicals of C. luetzelburgii Harms, widely distributed in the Quilombola Community, municipality of Sao Miguel do Tapuio, State of Piaui, Brazil. The volatile constituents were extracted by the hydrodistillation method and analyzed by GC-MS. The ethanolic stem extract (EECC) was also analyzed by LC-ESI-TOF-MS. The phytochemical screening of the leaf and stem bark extracts (SBE) was performed, with the SBE showing more promising results.
While germacrene D (27.12%), \(\beta\)-caryophilylene (16.43%), and germacrene B (12.58%) were found to be the major constituents in the essential oil from leaves (EOL); \(\gamma\)-selinene (26.79%), 7-epi-\(\alpha\)-selinene (24.73%) and \(\beta\)-selinene (14.63%) were the major constituents in the oil of the stem bark. Toxicity evaluation was performed in Artemia salina with results considered inactive (LC50 >1000\(\mu\)g mL-1). The EECC showed the best of total phenols contents 31.41 ± 3.07, as, for antioxidant activity performed against the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) with CE50 value = 40.11 ± 2.31, while the ethanolic extract of copaiba leaves (EEFC) with CE50 value = 74.13 ± 6.05, all ready for the test 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) EECC showed better potential compared to EEFC. Thus, we hope that this work can contribute significantly to new research related to the species in phytochemistry and pharmacology.


The transition metal ions incorporation reactions into 5, 10, 15, 20-tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) porphyrin(H2tpfpp) to form the metal porphyrin complexes M(tpfpp) (M=Co, Ni, Zn) have been kinetically investigated using diaquabis(1, 1, 1, 5, 5, 5-hexafluoropentane-2, 4-dionato) metal compounds [M(hfac)2(H2O)2] in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) medium in a spectrophotometric cell. The reactions are first order with respect to H2tpfpp under the conditions where [M(hfac)2(H2O)2] is in large excess relative to H2tpfpp. The saturation dependence of the conditional first-order rate constants as a function of the mole fraction of the excess metal compounds [M(hfac)2(H2O)2] is observed for the reaction systems [Co(hfac)2(H2O)2+H2tpfpp] and [Ni(hfac)2(H2O)2+H2tpfpp], and the linear dependence is observed for the reaction system [Zn(hfac)2(H2O)2+H2tpfpp]. The mechanisms are discussed and the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters for the reactions are obtained.


Objective:To explore the characteristics auditory evoked potentials of schizophrenia patients and the effect of illness duration on P300.Method:68 cases of schizophrenia patients and 30 cases of normal control group were measured events related potential P300,and the difference of disease progression was compared.Results:The research group had significantly longer latency at Fz,Cz,FC1(t=2.67,3.48,3.36;all P0.01) and lower amplitude at Fz,Cz,FC1 and FC2(t=5.97,2.54,4.57,3.80;all P0.01).Patients were divided into two groups by illness duration.The latency at Fz,Cz of 5 year illness duration of schizophrenia patients was significantly longer(t=9.23,7.63;all P0.01).Amplitudes were significantly lower(t=11.97,6.66;all P0.01).Conclusion:Patients with schizophrenia have cognitive function impairment.The longer the illness duration is,the more congnitive impairment is presented in patients with schizophrenia.


With the aim of producing new anticancer compounds a series of novel different 2-chloro Naryl substituted acetamide derivatives of 5-[2-phenyl pyridin-3-yl]-1, 3, 4-Oxadiazole-2-Thiol have been synthesized by linear synthetic approach and screened for their cytotoxicity on PANC-1, Caco-2 and SK-N-SH cell lines and obtained the IC50 values.All the synthesized compounds were characterized by mass spectroscopy, IR, 1 H and 13 C (proton and Carbon 13) spectroscopies and elemental analyses. These compounds were evaluated for invitro anticancer activity on three different human cancer cell lines, namely PANC-1,Caco-2 and SK-N-SH.In total six compounds were synthesized and studied for their MTT assay. Among six synthesized novel compounds, in this series most of the compounds were highly cytotoxic against all the three cell lines used. One compound 6 (b) is moderately cytotoxic against PANC-1 cell line with IC50 of 24.3μM.


THE WORLD CONFERENCE is the highest legislative authority of the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. The First Presidency of the Church is responsible for administering the laws and policies of the church as approved by its World Conferences (Rules of order 10-12, WCR 861). These two simple statements define a dynamic relationship which is far from simple, either to fully understand or to describe. This paper is primarily an attempt to describe and analyze some of the World Conference contributions to the relationship between 1964 and 1984. These gatherings were for many years called General Conferences, but in 1960, apparently struggling to describe its identity, the conference voted to change the term to World Conference (WCR 1021). (Calling itself a "World" church may have seemed presumptuous when it was officially present in only ten nations, but the term may have helped expand the outlook of the members. In 1986, it has a presence in some forty nations.) The RLDS Church has, of course, been struggling with its identity ever since it first started trying to publicly dissociate itself from the Utah Church. This struggle has continued in recent years as manifest by the consideration (and defeat) of no less than four resolutions concerning its name since 1964. In a number of more significant resolutions, it has also struggled with the deeper question of what the church itself should be. During the last two decades, World Conferences have been held in Independence, Missouri, every two years for one week, a time span which traditionally includes April 6. A number of functions are served at these conferences: 1. "Housekeeping." Presenting reports, calls to priesthood offices and posts in the organization, elections to boards and committees, passing a budget, and appropriations.


The apparatus includes a variable frequency power source device for providing an AC electric power with a variable frequency, a variable capacity compressor driven by the AC electric power and a starting detector for detecting a starting state of the compressor a predetermined time after the compressor is energised. When the detector senses the starting failure of the compressor, the variable frequency power source device feeds the compressor with a starting frequency voltage until the detector senses changes in the level of the input current to the compressor within a predetermined time to heat refrigerant in the compressor.


In this work, we compare the binding capacity of nanopatterned surfaces with uniform surfaces for the recognition of antigen/antibody interactions. In particular, uniform Poly Acrylic acid (PAA), carboxylic functional, was compared with PAA nano-domes arranged in anti-fouling matrix, fabricated by combining colloidal lithography and plasma polymerization and etching processes. Nano-patterned surfaces showed an enhancement of the immunoreaction efficiency with respect to the nonstructured surfaces, demonstrating the capability of nanopatterns to improve the accessibility of the immobilized biological probes.


Abstract Phenylketonuria (PKU) results from a genetic defect that alters the body's ability to efficiently metabolize phenylalanine, an amino acid found in all proteins. Untreated PKU causes severe mental, physical, and behavioral disabilities. As women who were successfully treated with dietary management in childhood have reached child-bearing age, maternal PKU has been recognized. This article relates current knowledge about the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of both classic and maternal PKU, focusing on the nursing care of the child and family.


The pulse width modulation subdivision driving principle of stepping motor was analyzed at length in the paper.Aimed at 2-phase hybrid stepping motor,a PWM constant torque variable subdivision driver based on single chip processor AT89C51 was designed.The realization of the circuit and software of the system were expounded in detail.The test results indicated that the system's division precision was high,its operating was smooth,noise was low,the property price rate was high,and it's also very practical.


On the basis of expounding chinese mountain culture special attributes of the shape,circumstance,color,shadow,sound and meteorological of the mountain,this paper analysed logos and artistic conception expression of scenery supporting from mountain.The article provided some methods to make conceptions by scenery supporting from mountain.That meant that,first,by controlling the line of sight,the mountains in the distant could form like a painting reel by the skillful design that depended on scenery supporting from.Second,making the use of the height of the mountains would create the conjunction space with mood.Third,it discussed the layout of Three Mountains in a pool and the scene of the peak straight into the sky,which could be understood like the door lead to the wonderland.Last,it understood the symbolism of the mountains which carried the thought of the culture and the society.


The University of Texas-Pan American (UTPA) faces some unique regional challenges that hinder retention, success, persistence, and progression. These regional challenges include reduced college preparedness, a high incidence of poverty, low educational attainment, and a language barrier. In particular, first-year, first-term UTPA students are largely unprepared to take Calculus. This places an undue burden on the students, lengthens their time to graduation, and hinders their performance in many gatekeeper courses. The shortcomings that result in gatekeeper courses are especially acute and significantly hinder success in upper-division courses. To overcome these, the authors have identified four proven practices that will accelerate math-preparedness of incoming freshman, overcome misconceptions that hinder progression from lower to upper division, and enhance sustained student engagement throughout. Together these practices form a strategy intended to engender a sustainable ecosystem of student success in Engineering and Computer Science in the Rio South Texas Region.


The current status of quantum games,including recent developments,is presented in this paper.First,some basic concepts and models in quantum games are introduced,including the penny flipping model,the Eisert model and the Monty Hall model.On the basis of these models,some current key problems in quantum games are discussed,including those involving multiplayer games,state entanglement,evolutionarily stable strategies,Nash equilibrium,decoherence,etc.Finally,some future research directions in quantum games are pointed out.


A correct indexing of a scientific journal in international scientometric databases, to a large extent, is determined by whether its contents are arranged according to international publishing standards. A sufficient quality of the journal design and article layout, a correct arrangement of all article elements, the completeness of English-language metadata, as well as other publishing aspects are taken into account by the editorial policy and reflect a journal preparedness for the international level. These aspects also affect the process of expert evaluation of a journal applying for inclusion in international scientometric databases. A high level of these characteristics is important for those journals that are already being covered, with the aim of maintaining their status and not losing data as a result of indexing errors. The purpose of this article is to explain the importance of arranging journal contents in such a way to ensure its adequate indexing and better visualization. Recommendations are provided concerning the correct arrangement of all necessary journal elements.


The phenomenon this paper looks at is power swings, voltage collapse, series compensation and the effect of shunt active VAR compensation. Power swing blocking although a well established technique in its own right; is hampered by traditional detection methods which can be compromised when the system topology changes. Voltage collapse (insufficient VARS) and its effect on distance protection is not a subject which has had wide spread discussion. Fast and slow VAR compensation devices like SVC's and STATCOM bring in new challenges to this traditional art. Series compensation is also being considered on relatively short lines in order to export more power through existing corridors and has implications on distance reach as well as directionality. (5 pages)


Deleted in Malignant Brain Tumours 1 (DMBT1) is a secreted scavenger receptor cysteine‐rich protein that binds and aggregates various bacteria and viruses in vitro. Studies in adults have shown that DMBT1 is expressed mainly by mucosal epithelia and glands, in particular within the respiratory tract, and plays a role in innate immune defence. We hypothesized that respiratory DMBT1 levels may be influenced by various developmental and clinical factors such as maturity, age and bacterial infection. DMBT1 levels were studied in 205 tracheal aspirate samples of 82 ventilated preterm and full‐term infants by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Possible effects of various clinical parameters were tested by multiple regression analysis. DMBT1 levels increased significantly with lung maturity (P < 0·0001 for both gestational and postnatal age) and in small‐for‐gestational‐age infants (P = 0·0179). An increase of respiratory DMBT1 levels was detected in neonatal infections (P < 0·0001). These results were supported by Western blotting. Immunohistochemical analyses of archived newborn lung sections (n = 17) demonstrated high concentrations of DMBT1 in lungs of neonates with bacterial infections. Our data show that preterm infants are able to up‐regulate DMBT1 in infection as an unspecific immune reaction.


The antimicrobial effects of 22 anti-rheumatism Chinese herbal medicine tested by plat stiletto method were studied on 1 pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus strain and 1 pathogenic Streptococcus strain which were isolated from the joint.The results showed that the Streptococcus strain was special sensitive to Lycopodium clavatum,Cibot rhizome and Heracleum candicans;the S.aureus was special sensitive to Cibot rhizome,Chaenomeles speciosa,Gentiana macrophylla.Both of S.aureus and Streptococcus were all not sensitive or resistant to Erythrina variegate,Tripterygium,Nodus terebinthinae,loofah,Pangolin and Loranthus.After considering all the factors,the results suggest that we should use Lycopodium clavatum,Cibot rhizome and Heracleum candicans to prevent and cure arthritis which were caused by S.aureus and Streptococcus strain


Freedom of conscience is the crucial goal we need to achieve for a sustainable future. The article examines the problems of freedom of conscience in various spheres of public relations. We have considered multiple aspects of this phenomenon: legal, economic, ethical, philosophical, epistemological, social. We paid special attention to the legal aspect of freedom of conscience. Due to this, we analyzed the existing legal guarantees of believers, non-believers and atheists, to determine the prospects for their further development. We have drawn attention to the fact that reducing the problems of freedom of conscience only to the legal aspect leads to the substitution of the worldview principles of a democratic society and to ideologizing. We have analyzed the different views of scholars on freedom of conscience as ethical, moral and personal categories. Based on a comprehensive socio-legal analysis of freedom of conscience, we concluded that the most important aspects of freedom of conscience are social, philosophical and legal. Finally, we argue that freedom of conscience is the basis for sustainable development in meaning of the 10th and 16th SDGs.


A previously introduced annular slot antenna (ASA), utilized for combined microwave heating and radiometry for blood perfusion measurement of tissues, is modified to replace microwave radiometry with infrared thermography. Infrared (IR) thermography is a more convenient and cost effective alternative to microwave radiometry for skin/superficial and small animal (such as mice and rat) applications. An area with removed metallization is introduced around the central axis of the circular shape ASA, used for heating at 2.4 GHz. The S11 resonance frequency and/or depth change with the size of this area. Moreover, a hole at the middle of this area, made across the antenna, from top to bottom, allows the infrared beam to reach the skin. Simulations and measurement show that the presence of this hole has minimal impact on the performance of the ASA in terms of S11 and specific absorption rate (SAR) profile. In addition, the preliminary result of an IR camera captured images for a heating episode (2 W, at 2.45 GHz), conducted on a tissue phantom, is reported. Temperature rise of 5.7°C after 1 minute is observed at the center of the hole.


Optical tomography is a promising medical imaging method which uses visible light. For optical tomography, the ability to solve the "forward problem" plays an important role. This problem involves predicting the distribution of light intensities inside and on the surface of the object using the knowledge of the optical structure of the object and the characteristics and position of the light source. A commonly used model for light propagation in turbid media a's the diffusion equation. Two numerical methods, the Finite Element Method and the Monte Carlo Method, for solving the diffusion equation in optical tomography are presented, analyzed and compared in terms of their properties when being executed on a parallel computer system. To obtain performance predictions for both methods, processor and application performance models are developed permitting the determination of the conditions under which either one or the other method is superior.


N. McCarthy, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, DC, USA; and International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya A. Kamara, International Water Management Institute, Pretoria, South Africa; formerly at the Institute for Rural Development, University of Göettingen, Göettingen, Germany M. Kirk, Department of Economics, Institute for Cooperation in Developing Countries, PhillipsMarburg University, Am Plan 2, D-35037 Marburg, Germany © 2002 ILRI (International Livestock Research Institute) All rights reserved. Parts of this document may be reproduced without express permission for non-commercial use but with acknowledgement to ILRI. ISBN 92–9146–101–7 Correct citation: McCarthy N., Kamara A. and Kirk M. 2002. The effect of environmental variability on livestock and land-use management: The Borana plateau, southern Ethiopia. Socio-economics and Policy Research Working Paper 35. ILRI (International Livestock Research Institute), Nairobi, Kenya, and IFPRI (International Food Policy Research Institute), Washington, DC, USA. 35 pp.


Hyperspectral super-resolution (HSR) is a technique of recovering a super-resolution image from a hyperspectral image (which has low spatial but high spectral resolutions) and a multispectral image (which has high spatial but low spectral resolutions). The problem is an ill-posed inverse problem in general, and thus judiciously designed formulations and algorithms are needed for good HSR performance. In this work, we employ the idea of low rank modeling, which was proven effective in helping enhance performance of HSR. Unlike the extensively employed nonconvex structured matrix factorization-based methods, we propose to use a convex regularizer for promoting low rank. Both unconstrained and constrained formulations are considered: the unconstrained case is tackled by the proximal gradient (PG) algorithm; while the more physically sound but challenging constrained case is solved by a custom-designed PG like algorithm, which uses the ideas of smoothing and majorization-minimization. Simulations are employed to showcase the effectiveness of the proposed methods.


Inhibitory effects of sustained delivery systems (microcapsules) of the modern antagonist of luteinizing hormone‐releasing hormone [Ac‐D‐Nal(2)1, D‐Phe(4Cl)2, D‐Pal(3)3, D‐Cit6, D‐Ala10]LH‐RH (SB‐75) or the potent somatostatin analog D‐Phe‐Cys‐Tyr‐D‐Trp‐Lys‐Val‐Cys‐Trp‐NH2 (RC‐160) were investigated in the Dunning R‐3327H rat prostate cancer model. In the first experiment, the treatment was started 4 months after tumor transplantation, when the tumors measured approximately 2 cm3. Tumor volumes and weights were significantly reduced by SB‐75 microcapsules releasing 48 μg/day or RC‐160 microcapsules releasing 38 μg/day given alone, as compared with the control. The combination of these two analogs showed a synergistic effect. In the second experiment, the treatment was started 7 months after tumor transplantation, when the tumors were well developed and measured about 16 cm3. In addition to a significant reduction in volume, weight, and growth rate of tumors, histological signs of tumor regression were found in the groups treated with SB‐75 microcapsules releasing 72 μg/day given alone or in combination with RC‐160 microcapsules releasing 76 μg/day, but not with RC‐160 alone. No synergistic effect of the combination therapy was found in the second experiment. Serum testosterone levels decreased to undetectable levels and LH levels were also diminished within 2 weeks by administration of SB‐75 alone or in combination with RC‐160. In both experiments, the weights of testes, ventral prostate, and seminal vesicles were greatly reduced by administration of SB‐75 alone or in combination with RC‐160. Our results suggest that the combined therapy with microcapsules of SB‐75 and RC‐160, started soon after the diagnosis of prostate cancer is made, could improve therapeutic response.


Because of the new challenges presented on the new condition of socialistic market economy of the war industry specialty, It is need to study the teaching methods to keep the professional features. In the papers, there are some experience based on the teaching practice to describe from teaching model, teaching method and student's ideology teaching etc.


Empirical studies have shown that the Android platform is exposed to the software aging effects. Aging effects, such as poor performance and increased response times for systems and applications, have a negative impact on the user experience. This paper considers user-perceived response metrics: Frame Draw Time and Janky Frames. The proposed metrics are compared with Android Activity Launch Time and memory usage metrics. The expediency of using the proposed metrics in future studies of the aging phenomenon in the Android operating system is substantiated.


"Return to Work - the Predictive Validity of the Assessment Instrument Worker Role Interview"

Introduction: Long-term sick-listing entails great costs for the society and suffering for the indivi ...


In this article, we study reward–risk ratio models under partially known message of random variables, which is called robust (worst-case) performance ratio problem. Based on the positive homogenous and concave/convex measures of reward and risk, respectively, the new robust ratio model is reduced equivalently to convex optimization problems with a min–max optimization framework. Under some specially partial distribution situation, the convex optimization problem is converted into simple framework involving the expectation reward measure and conditional value-at-risk measure. Compared with the existing reward–risk portfolio research, the proposed ratio model has two characteristics. First, the addressed problem combines with two different aspects. One is to consider an incomplete information case in real-life uncertainty. The other is to focus on the performance ratio optimization problem, which can realize the best balance between the reward and risk. Second, the complicated optimization model is transferred into a simple convex optimization problem by the optimal dual theorem. This indeed improves the usability of models. The generation asset allocation in power systems is presented to validate the new models.


Abstract Steady state erythropoiesis is regulated by interaction of EPO with its receptor, EPO-R which activates Ca2+signaling and terminal maturation [Miller, Blood 1989;73:1188]. Under stress, GR switches EPO-R signaling to a proliferation mode allowing erythroblast (Ery) amplification [Zhang, Nature 2013;499:92]. However, for recovery from anemia to occur, a mechanism, still to be identified, must counteract GR and switch EPO-R signaling back to a maturation mode. CALR chaperones other proteins to their active sites[Michalak, Biochem J 1999;344: 281]. By importing GR from the nucleus, CALR resets the stress response of murine fibroblasts. This function is regulated by the exposure of its C-terminal domain (C-CALR) sustained by Ca2+ [Holaska, Mol Cell Biol 2002;22:6286]. Whether CALR regulates nuclear import of GR in human Ery and how this regulation is modulated by Ca2+and EPO is unknown. Studies were performed to fill this gap. By WB, human Ery expanded in vitro from adult blood expressed robust levels of CALR, detectable with N-CALR- and C-CALR antibodies, and of GR. By flow cytometry, N-CALR and C-CALR were detectable on the surface of cells from the proerythroblast (proEry) to polychromatic stage. Expression of N-CALR, the epitope most exposed on the surface, was up-regulated by EPO. By confocal microscopy, both N-CALR and C-CALR were detected in non-permeabilized Ery but only C-CALR was detectable in cells permeabilized to reveal their cytoplasmic content. Intra-cytoplasmic C-CALR staining was robust in proEry, barely detectable in orthochromatic cells and enhanced by adding Ca2+ to the permeabilization buffer. Double staining of C-CALR with GR or LaminB1 (an inner nuclear membrane protein) indicated that C-CALR/GR were associated in the perinuclear area of the cytoplasm but that C-CALR remained distinct from Lamin B1, suggesting that C-CALR/GR co-localize at the cytoplasm/nuclear boundary. These results suggest that C-CALR mediates nuclear export of GR and that this function is regulated by Ca2+. This hypothesis was tested first by determining content and localization of GRα and C-CALR in nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions of Ery treated with Dex, EPO and SCF by WB. Although none of these stimulations altered the total content of these proteins, some of them affected their compartmentalization: Dex rapidly (15') induced GR S211 phosphorylation and increased the levels of GRα in nuclear fractions. These effects were antagonized by addition of the GR inhibitor RU486. The nuclear levels of GRα were modestly increased also by SCF but strongly decreased by EPO. By contrast, regardless of the stimuli, C-CALR was detected mostly in cytoplasmic fractions. The effects of these stimulations were also assessed by confocal microscopy. Exposure to Dex and EPO increased by 15' but decreased by 4h the nuclear localization of GR and significantly increased the levels of C-CALR and of C-CALR/GR co-localization detected in the cytoplasm by 4h, suggesting that C-CALR drives nuclear export of GR. In agreement with this hypothesis, multi-regression analyses comparing single C-CALR and total and cytoplasmic GR signals as independent parameters against merged signals as dependent parameter in 410 individual proEry indicated that the levels of C-CALR/GR co-localization directly correlated with the cytoplasmic levels of both C-CALR and GR but that the greatest p-values were observed for C-CALR (p=0.0000 vs 0.045). Moreover, treatment with the nuclear export inhibitor Leptomycin greatly decreased C-CALR/GR co-localization, increased nuclear localization of GR in proEry, both in untreated and EPO-treated cells, and reduced Ery proliferation in response to Dex down to levels sustained by Dex with RU486. To assess the role of Ca2+ in the nuclear export activity of C-CALR confocal microscopy and proliferation studies on Ery exposed or not to the Ca2+ chelator BAPTA in combination with Ionomycin (Io, a raiser of intracellular Ca2+) or Thapsigargin (TG, a reducer of Ca2+in endoplasmic reticulum) were performed. These treatments greatly decreased C-CALR and C-CALR/GR co-localization in the cytoplasm, increased GR signals in nuclei and reduced the proliferation of Ery in response to Dex. These results suggest that conformation changes of C-CALR induced by Ca2+signaling downstream to EPO-R sustain nuclear export of GR, resetting the stress-response of normal proEry allowing them to undergo terminal maturation. Download : Download high-res image (146KB) Download : Download full-size image Download : Download high-res image (76KB) Download : Download full-size image Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


In summer 2000 the University ofTennessee College of Law explored a new approach to teaching law. We conducted a two-credit-hour commercial law course without face-to-face class meetings and with minimal use of a course book. The students learned the UCC through interactive computer-based lessons, supplemented by online chats. We offered the course under a special one-time authorization granted by the American Bar Association in accordance with its Temporary Guidelines and Principles of Distance Education. The course surveyed secured transactions, commercial paper, and sales. For the secured transactions portion of the course, we used primarily Lissa Lamkin Broome's UCC Article 9 : Teach Yourself the UCC software published by the Center for Computer-Assisted Legal Instruction. It covers the entire scope of the secured transactions article, from the decision to take a security interest through default and foreclosure. The program develops each important concept by first giving the student a textual explanation of the concept and its implementing rules and then reinforcing this with examples that apply the concept and mies in real-world transactions. After the student reads the text and examples, she answers a series of multiple-choice questions which reinforce her learning and make sure she has understood the material. Students in our course had the option of accessing this program from the CALI Web site; running it in the school's computer lab, where it is installed on the network; or buying it from CALI on a CD-ROM.1 The students were also required to complete several computer-based secured transactions lessons that I had developed for CALI.2 These lessons covered specific aspects of secured transactions in more depth. They required the students not only to understand the basic concepts, but also to dig into the statutory language. Through the use of the lessons, the course not only gave


This article discusses a method for downconverting the square-wave subcarrier of spacecraft signals, such as the one from Galileo, which results in a compression bandwidth that lowers the sample rate significantly. The study is focused on three issues. The first is the selection of an adequate down-mixing signal for the resulting signal to have a format similar to that of the original signal, except at a lower subcarrier frequency. The second is the control of the noise level so that the signal to noise ratio is not degraded due to the downconversion. The third is to determine the bandwidth of the downconverted signal considering the uncertainty of the residual carrier frequency.


We use numerical and experimental methods to investigate the low frequency sound insulation characteristic of designed thin acoustic black hole (ABH). The numerical results show that the sound energy focusing effect plays a leading role in low frequency sound insulation of designed ABH, and the reflection at the edge of ABH is the main reason of sound insulation in medium and high frequencies. Experimental results display that the Sound Transmission Loss (STL) of the designed ABH is higher than 30 dB below 700 Hz, which shows that the isolated acoustic waves are more than 95%. The low frequency sound insulation performance of proposed ABHs is much better than the traditional acoustic materials, which has great potential applications for low frequency sound insulation.


Image: di63156 - Center: Chief Gene Weaver, Fort Wright Police Department. In Booth: Dan Kreinest, Fort Wright Police Department. At shooting scene Krienest looks for bullet in phone booth overhead light.


Abstract By using the continuation theorem of coincidence degree theory, a sufficient condition is obtained for the existence of a positive periodic solution of a predator-prey diffusion system.


What do you do to start reading reviving ophelia saving the selves of adolescent girls ballantine readers circle 1st first edition by mary pipher published by ballantine books 1995 paperback? Searching the book that you love to read first or find an interesting book that will make you want to read? Everybody has difference with their reason of reading a book. Actuary, reading habit must be from earlier. Many people may be love to read, but not a book. It's not fault. Someone will be bored to open the thick book with small words to read. In more, this is the real condition. So do happen probably with this reviving ophelia saving the selves of adolescent girls ballantine readers circle 1st first edition by mary pipher published by ballantine books 1995 paperback.


Time in transport is a wide-ranging subject and one in which great interest has been shown, as indicated by the extensive literature. However, this interest has been completely dominated by one aspect, i.e. the conversion of time to money and different ideas of how time saved may be expressed in monetary terms. This is important enough, but only a limited part of the whole subject. But the literature, which includes consultants' reports and traffic investment plans for specific cases, has ignored the basic problems which must be solved first in order for an economic evaluation to be meaningful.


Abstract Background For individuals who have a psychiatric disorder and have committed a major crime, the rate of re-offending is twice as high in the US compared to nine other countries for which there is comparable data. For such individuals the average five-year rearrest rate is approximately 40% for those released from psychiatric hospitals and 60% for those released from jails or prisons. The use of treatment modalities such as extended conditional release, Forensic Assertive Community Treatment (FACT) teams, and Psychiatric Security Review Boards can reduce the rearrest rate from 40–60% to 10% or less. Methods All 50 states were surveyed to assess how they were doing in providing follow-up treatment for such individuals. Results Sixteen states were found to be making a moderate effort to provide follow-up treatment, and another 13 states are making a minimal effort. However, the other 21 states, 42% of the total, are making virtually no effort, lending to an unnecessarily high rate of re-offending. Discussion Using proven treatment approaches the re-arrest rate of individuals with serious mental illness can be reduced from 40–60% to 10% or less.


ABSTRACT The relationship between security and development has been a longstanding issue in Brazil. Far before Western literature raised the topic in development circles, Brazilian elites had already viewed security and development as intertwined concepts, placing the military as a key agent in providing several public policies over the 20th century. Even after a 21-year-long military authoritarian regime, this view continues to affect a myriad of dimensions of social and political life—such as civil-military relations, foreign policy, peacekeeping operations, internal security, and social policy. Thus, the goal of this Special Issue is to discuss the formation and effects of the Brazilian version of the security-development nexus. Articles will tackle the following questions: (1) How do the range and scope of security and defence concepts and military missions affect development policies and vice-versa? (2) How do military missions supporting national development and internal security affect the security sector and civil-military relations? (3) How does the military in Brazil translate this mentality of the security-development nexus into international relations? (4) What insights does the case of Brazil offer to the literature on the security-development nexus? By analysing the Brazilian experience, we hope to contribute to advance knowledge on the security-development nexus and reflect on the long-term effects of placing the military at the centre of public policies.


Accurate prognosis of COVID-19 patient survival is vital for healthcare decision-making. This research proposes a tripartite machine learning approach that integrates K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and XGBoost for outcome prediction. Our hybrid model exploits the strengths of individual algorithms and combines their predictions using a weighted ensemble. Leveraging clinical data, KNN captures local patterns, SVM finds complex boundaries, and XGBoost enhances overall performance. Experimental results show exceptional precision (0.93), recall (0.93), and F1-score (0.93) for both classes, affirming accurate classification of "Alive" and "Died" cases. The achieved accuracy of 0.93 further demonstrates the reliability of the proposed approach. Our tripartite method holds the potential to enhance COVID-19 survival prediction, providing valuable insights for clinical practitioners and policymakers. This study contributes by seamlessly fusing KNN, SVM, and XGBoost models into a robust predictive tool, thereby aiding medical professionals in informed decision-making for patient care and resource allocation. The demonstrated success underscores the efficacy of a combined approach, highlighting its relevance in accurately predicting patient outcomes.


Abstract A combination of Newton's method and a regularization method has been considered for obtaining a stable approximate solution for ill-posed Hammerstein type operator equation. By choosing the regularization parameter according to an adaptive scheme considered by Pereverzev and Schock (SIAM. J. Numer. Anal. 43: 2060–2076, 2005) an order optimal error estimate has been obtained. Moreover the method that we consider gives quadratic convergence compared to the linear convergence obtained by George and Nair (J. Complexity 24: 228–240, 2008).


This training activity aims to increase the insight of homestay managers in Tanjungjaya Village, Pandeglang Regency, Banten Province so that they can understand how to communicate effectively for service excellence to their homestay guests. Tanjungjaya Village is a tourism village that is frequently visited by domestic and foreign tourists, therefore homestay managers in this village need better communication skills.
The method used in this activity is in the form of a short training on effective communication for service excellence. The training activities carried out for the participants were the explanation of material and case studies, followed by the question and answer session and the discussion. Participants of this training activity can attend the training well and enthusiastically, and they begin to understand how to communicate more effectively to customers.
Keywords: Effective communication, service excellence, homestay, tourism village


Building a harmonious society and building a harmonious world are two slogans created by Chinese government in the new century,which have far and wide influence on the world.Harmony is the basic character of the Chinese traditional culture.As the important component of the Chinese traditional culture,Buddhist culture has many valuable spirits,such as peace,equality, tolerance,salvation and benevolence,coinciding to the harmonious world idea. Buddhist culture provides many thoughts resources to Building a harmonious world.


Ozone profiles obtained by near-daily ozonesonde observations during campaigns at several sites in the North Atlantic are used to construct time-height cross sections of ozone concentration through the troposphere. Strong day-to-day ozone variability on the scale of synoptic meteorological disturbances is found both in the spring and in the summer throughout much of the troposphere. Layers of high ozone concentration (∼100 ppb) are frequently seen in the middle and upper troposphere and are invariably associated with transport characteristics that strongly support a stratospheric source for these layers. Regions of low ozone (<40 ppb) are seen in the middle and upper troposphere associated with higher relative humidity. The connection of these events with low surface mixing ratios suggests that convective processes mix air low in ozone up through the troposphere. Vertical layering of ozone mixing ratio, which is seen at all of the observing locations, is a result of differing sources of air in the different layers.


Throughout the past decade, the neutral and alkaline comet assays, which lyses cells with high salt in the
absence of proteolysis, have been the most widely used methods to observe single- or double-strand breaks (SSB,
DSB) in a single nucleus. These methods evaluate the degree of DNA damage based on the amount of granular
fragments discharged from the origin, the so-called "comet tail," but not of long chain DNA fibers. Meanwhile, a novel,
single-cell pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (SCPFGE) method, which digested cells with trypsin, observed a different
course of DNA fragmentation: first, a few large fibrous fragments were derived from a bundle of long chain fibers,
then the cleavages were advanced until finally almost all the DNA was shredded to granular fragments. Some nuclear
DNA binding components were tolerant for high salt and high alkalinity, but were degraded by trypsin digestion. A
lack of trypsin digestion causes false negative results in both SCPFGE and comet assays. Also, most DNA fibers
were still fixed with components, and the comet tail did not reflect a total amount of granular fragments, but rather
those that released components. Repair of DSB is intrinsically difficult as compared to other DNA lesions, and the
critical threshold is extremely low.DNA fibers that have already been shredded to numerous granular fragments may
be irreparable as a result.
Although 100 - 300 mmol/L NaOH was commonly used in the alkaline comet assay, the naked DNA fibers
persisted in 10 mmol/L NaOH after trypsin digestion, but were shredded to granular fragments by 30 mmol/L. Neogenesis
of the granular fragments by high pH did not clarify the mechanism of such a result; that is, it was unknown
whether it was due to dissociation of hydrogen bonds, strand breaks through alkaline labile sites, artifactual DSB,
or a combination of actions. Optimum conditions for the comet assay need to be defined to achieve quantitative
measurements.
DNA instability analyses by means SCPFGE is likely to serve as a fundamental step in single-cell genomics
to determine the competence of the cell population provided for DNA amplification methods and is likely to play an
important role in ensuring the safety of clinical regenerative medicine.


This paper presents the main features of the pension reform approved in 2003 in Slovakia. It evaluates adopted measures according to (1) motivation to pay social contributions, (2) guarantees of financial stability, (3) transition costs and (4) ability to provide adequate pensions. It shows that the reform has positive motivation effects and increases systems' overall stability through the risk diversification between labor and capital markets. In the following decade, prolonging of retirement age should secure system's financial stability. Later on, demography crisis might reveal too high generosity and un-sustainability of the "Pay-As-You-Go" (PAYG) pillar. Allowing for capital transfers, a new mandatory "Fully-Funded" (FF) pillar moderates these threats. However, the rule that binds at least 30% of investment portfolio to Slovak securities partially dilutes its strengths. Together with the need to finance transition costs and with the uncertain capital markets' development, these are the main risks marking the reform proposal. To secure long-term financial stability, another reform of the PAYG including further prolonging of retirement age and/or change in the pension formula would be necessary. The recommendations are to introduce the automatic stabilizers (i.e. automatic parametric reforms of the PAYG), to shift further towards the "Defined-Contribution" PAYG plans and to decrease or abolish 30% investment restriction in the FF pillar.


Abstract This study examines the influence of internal and external factors to Return On Equity (ROE), study on sharia banks 2010-2014 period. The effectiveness of the management of Islamic banks in the operations will affect profit and equity of the bank. Return On Equity (ROE) describe profitability of an entity. In the theory of profitability there are 2 factors that affect the profitability of the bank, namely internal factors and external factors. Internal factors in this research is the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Financing (NPF), Finance to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Operating Expenses Operating Income (BOPO) and external factors in this study are the exchange rates and inflation. While profitability in this study using a proxy Return On Equity (ROE). This study uses secondary data with samples of most Islamic banks are seven Islamic banks in Indonesia period 2010 to 2014. The results showed that the CAR, BOPO, FDR, EXCHANGE negative and significant effect on ROE. NPF negative but insignificant effect on ROE on Islamic Banks in Indonesia. While the inflation variable and not significant positive effect on ROE on Islamic Banks in Indonesia. Keywords: Return on Equity (ROE), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Financing (NPF), Finance to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Operating Expenses Operating Income (BOPO), Exchange Rates, Inflation, Sharia Banks


The relevance of the problem under research is due to a significant increase in the number of forensic psychological examinations during considering administrative cases and criminal proceedings in issues of bullying, the conduct of which clearly demonstrates the presence of a number of defects in the theoretical justification of this type of examination. The purpose of the study is to try to solve the problems of forensic psychological examination of bullying, the need for which arises in administrative and criminal proceedings. The methodological basis of forensic psychological examination of bullying is made up of general psychological scientific principles: termism, development of the human psyche in the unity of its consciousness and activity, systematic nature, which involves the study of mental activity as a whole. The study found that the current stage of development of forensic psychological examination of bullying is characterized by unequal treatment of both lawyers and psychologists. Forensic psychological examination of bullying requires the development of an appropriate methodology for its implementation, based on the use of a significant number of general psychological and special methods. The materials in this article may be useful for law enforcement personnel, legal proceedings, psychology specialists, and research workers focused on conducting research on bullying problems.


This paper presents a static-based method for damage identification in the simply supported beam structure using the incomplete measured static displacement parameters. The presented method makes use of the singular value decomposition of structural static displacement change, which is obtained by the static test of structure. It has been shown that structural damage can be detected by the number of the non-zero singular values of the static displacement change. The significant advantage of the proposed method is that it is economical in computation and is simple to implement. A simply supported beam structure is analyzed as a numerical example to verify the present method. Results show that the proposed method performs well even if the measurement errors inevitably make the damage assessment more difficult. It has been shown that the presented static-based methodology may be a promising tool to be used by research groups working on experimental damage detection.


The microwave plasma torch (MPT) has gained popularity in industrial applications due to its high energy density, ionization levels, and high temperature. However, the non-uniform and unstable plasma generated by microwave plasma sources has limited the production of large-scale MPTs. This paper proposes a novel MPT device utilizing a four-port microwave source (2.45 GHz, 4 kW) to address these issues. The improved plasma uniformity and stability are achieved through the new structure, and the microwave efficiency is enhanced by introducing the focusing dielectric in the coupled cavity. Using a 3D electromagnetic field model, microwave plasma model and fluid model, the paper optimizes the geometry and inlet mode of the MPT device. Experimental results show that the novel MPT device can generate a plasma torch with a maximum height of 545 mm, a working range of 10–95 L/min, and a microwave efficiency up to 86%. The proposed device not only competently meets industrial requirements, but also provides design ideas and methods for future MPT devices.


The significance of the heat transfer by natural convection in enclosures can be found in
many engineering applications such as energy transfer in buildings, solar collectors,
nuclear reactors, and electronic packaging. An experimental study was conducted to
investigate the heat transfer by natural convection in a rectangular fin plate by circular
perforations heat sinks. The patterns of perforations including 24 circular perforations
(holes) for the first fin and the number of perforations increased 8 for every fin until
reached to 56 in the fifth fins. These perforations were distribution on 6-14 columns and
4 rows. Experiments were carried through in an experimental facility that was
specifically design and constructed for this purpose. It was observed that the
temperatures along the non-perforated fin are drop from 30 to 250C but the temperature
drop for perforated was from 30 to 23.70C with low power (6W), also the temperature
drop between the fin base and tip increases as the perforation diameter increased. The
temperature drop with high power (220W) was from 250 to 490C for non-perforared fin,
but for perforated fins was from 250 to 360C. The heat transfer rate and the coefficient
of heat transfer increases with increased number of perforation.


India has a rich tradition of classical arts, such as music, dance, painting, architecture and many other. Performing arts like classical dance, classical music were spiritual in nature. These forms were considered as means of worshipping Gods. All these forms have a long cultural, spiritual and social history. Due to social, economic and political reasons these art forms faced many ups and downs in different periods. Revitalization of these art forms can be considered as a step towards nation building process. The present paper discusses the efforts taken by the revivalists in order to revive these arts especially the classical dance forms and the contributions of the revivalists in nation building process.


Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify gaps in the structure of organizations that hinder collaboration of organizations involved in the creation of graduate employment opportunities in Uganda. Design/methodology/approach: Data was collected from staff and leaders of 14 organizations that were purposely selected to represent government, private, and civil society organizations. These organizations were selected based on their mandates, which touch on the employability of university graduates in the country in very direct ways. This was a cross-sectional survey design - based on a self-administered questionnaire, key informant interviews, and documentary analysis. Findings: Organizations were found to have 'Tell'/directive decision-making, high power distance between employees, and jobs were not coded in a way that gives employees freedoms to interact and build collaborative relationships. Finally, rules and regulations were very restrictive, disorienting employee's abilities to collaborate.


In this paper, we propose model based on user behavior analysis for noncontact interactive contents and method using the model for scene extraction of oral explanation. Scenes for replacement from oral explanation to screen description were extracted by using the proposed method. As the results, scenes of oral explanation were replaced to screen description by the proposed method. Thus, workload of attendant was reduced.


The field of philosophy, where the deepest existence debates are held, sheds light on other scientific fields while accommodating different perspectives on creativity. Understanding leadership from a creative thinking perspective is one of the ways of understanding, predicting, directing, and guiding human behaviors, both from an artistic and scientific point of view. Goals such as innovation, creativity, and sustainability make the awareness process important due to the reflections of rapidly changing technology on business and social life. For this reason, the change of thought process and the technological developments that guide this change are emphasized, and then the creative leadership term is discussed with a multidisciplinary perspective in this chapter. In this way, it is aimed to understand the new dynamics of the changing competitive environment more easily.


Chronic skin exposure to predominantly long-wave ultraviolet light (UVA) can occur in persons who work in cars or near bright windows or who use


The shock of war is closely associated with the growth of the state, in the United States and elsewhere. Yet each proposal to significantly consolidate or expand executive power in the United States since September 11th has been resisted, refined, or even rejected outright. We argue that this outcome—theoretically unexpected and contrary to conventional wisdom—is the result of enduring aspects of America's domestic political structure: the division of power at the federal level between three co-equal and overlapping branches, the relative ease with which non-governmental interest groups circumscribe the state's capacity to regulate or monitor private transactions, and the intensity with which guardians of the state's purposely fragmented institutions guard their organizational turf. These persistent aspects of US political life, designed by the nation's founders to impede the concentration of state power, have substantially shaped the means by which contemporary guardians of the American state pursue "homeland security."


From some problems existing in Chinese modern library circles such as following the western library theory blindly, ignoring the self theory, and library's technicalizing and marketing trend that is getting more obvious day by day, this paper probes into the causes and background of these problems, and puts forward some solving schemes with practicable value.


Constructing trade unions of universities into harmonious homes is a very important task in building the harmonious society and campus. It is also a very important job to strengthen the Party's construction at universities and consolidate the ruling foundation. From the point of view of political recognition, this paper discusses some issues in relation to the work by university trade unions, including constructing harmonious homes and consolidating the Party's ruling foundation.


Birds not previously recorded from Timor. Emu 75: 62-64. During three visits to Timor in 1973 thirty-four species of non-passerine birds (more than half Charadrii- formes) and two species of passerines were recorded for the first time on the island. Seventeen specimens of thirteen of these species were collected.


diseases and their evolution; the interpretation of the clinical picture, the clinical indications for the diagnosis and treatment in gastroenterology; the instrumental approach: standard perfused esophageal manometry, high resolution esophageal manometry, pH-metry, multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH, bilimetry. cancer therapy, knowledge of the principles of tumor staging and assessment of treatment effectiveness.


This paper reports on a bimorph impedance transducer (BIT) which can measure multi-directional translational and rotational impedances in multi-directions. Translational and rotational four-pole models are constructed to describe the dynamic behavior of the transducer. Derived from these models, calibration functions are defined and numerically determined under various boundary conditions. Taking advantage of these functions, point translational and rotational impedance of a structure can be easily and accurately determined by measuring the excitation electrical signals applied to the transducer. To verify the effectiveness of the transducer, a two-dimensional plate is utilized as a test structure. The point impedances of the plate in all its three active degrees of freedom (DOFs) are numerically obtained by the BIT. Through comparing the impedances obtained via BIT with the verification results, it is concluded that the newly designed transducer is accurate in measuring both translational and rotational frequency response functions (FRFs).


Objective of the Review: To discuss the problem of selecting antihyperglycemic drugs; to identify the trends in prescription of various groups of oral antihyperglycemic agents. Key Points. When type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is diagnosed, a number of patients need prompt combined antihyperglycemic therapy because of a marked carbohydrate metabolism disorder. The prescription paradigm of initial therapy has shifted towards antihyperglycemic agents with established nephro- and cardioprotective effects (sodium-glucose linked transporter-2 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists). Drugs are recommended depending on presence or absence of a comorbid cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cardiovascular risk factors, and safety as regards hypoglycaemic events; therefore, very often selection of a therapeutic regimen can be challenging. Still, the first-line treatment for patients without CVD is metformin; however, a combined therapy is required in the majority of cases. Poor compliance, continued use of monotherapy, despite the need to boost the therapy, patient's reluctance to take additional drugs can facilitate occurrence and progression of a lot of associated complications. In such cases, combined medications reducing the amount of tablets and improving compliance are useful. The most common combination of antihyperglycemic drugs is metformin and sulfonylureas. Still, care should be taken because of differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the molecules in the latter group. High selectivity of some sulfonylureas can evidence their milder effect for glucose level reduction. Sulfonylureas are also cost-effective as compared to other antidiabetic medications. Conclusion. A wide choice of drugs allows a medical professional selecting an optimal antihyperglycemic regimen, taking into account individual characteristics of a patient. Prompt combined medications are a treatment of choice for the majority of patients with DM. Selection of antihyperglycemic drugs is affected by the cost as well. The most important thing is that the drugs are well-studied, efficient and safe. Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, combined therapy, sulphonylurea, Glimepiride, metformin.


ABSTRACT We offer a framework for assessing what the structure of episodic memory might be, if one accepts a Buddhist denial of persisting or even momentary selves. Our paper is a response to Jonardon Ganeri's [2018] 'Mental Time Travel and Attention', and we focus on his exploration of Buddhaghosa's ideas about memory. In particular, we distinguish between memory perspectives on the past and memory relations that may or may not be successfully borne to the past. We also critically examine 3 ways of trying to cash out what is distinctive about episodic memory: (1) episodic memory as mental time travel, (2) episodic memory as reliving of the past, and (3) episodic memory as reflective attention to the past.


Many square kilometres of outer leaves of cavity walls are made of masonry, supported by wall ties. Wall ties are applied to transfer the forces from the outer leaf to the inner leaf. The quality, the fixation and the number of applied wall ties define the stability of the outer leaves. Occasionally, some of these walls collapse without warning, even though these walls had survived wind loads for decades. This creates a potentially dangerous situation. Nevertheless, it is remarkable that there is still much unknown about wall ties. For instance, many failure mechanisms are not described in literature. Also, important parameters are barely quantified in codes and guidelines. For existing and new structures, new codes concerning wall ties are needed. This should also include environmental aspects. This paper describes a literature study and will provide insight in upcoming research, executed on building sites and in laboratory conditions at the Eindhoven University of Technology.


It is common to measure multiple coverage metrics during software testing. Software reliability growth models and coverage growth functions have been applied to each coverage metric to evaluate software reliability; however, analysis results for the individual coverage metrics may conflict with each other. This paper proposes the virtual coverage metric of a normalized first principal component in order to avoid conflicting cases. The use of the virtual coverage metric causes a negligible loss of information.


Two farm milk pipelines with weigh jars and milk releasers were rinsed with water sterilized by membrane filtration. Samples of rinse water were collected and analyzed for viable bacteria and coliforms by the membrane filter method. Total aerobic counts averaged 7000/ft2 of milk contact surface in a new milking system during the first month of operation. After 1 year of operation, when certain deficiencies of cleaning occurred, total counts averaged more than 500,000/ft2. Upon correction of deficiencies, average counts dropped to 2000/ft2. Counts of coliforms in clean systems averaged less than 1/ft2. Gram negative bacteria constituted only 5% of the microflora in rinses from a system that had been in operation for 4 years; whereas, 67% of the colonies were micrococci and 22% were streptococci. Use of the filtration system for preparation of sterile water is discussed.


The most severe problem of the international linear collider (ILC-type) is its high cost, resulting in part from the enormous length of the collider. This length is determined mainly by the achievable accelerating gradient in the RF system of the collider. In current technology, the maximum acceleration gradient in superconducting (SC) structures is determined mainly by the value of the surface RF magnetic field. In order to increase the gradient, a superconducting traveling wave accelerating (STWA) structure is suggested. Utilization of STWA structure with small phase advance per cell for future high energy linear colliders such as ILCs may provide an accelerating gradient 1.2–1.4 times larger [] than a standing wave structure. However, STWA structure requires a feedback waveguide for power redirecting from the end of the structure back to the front end of accelerating structure. Recent tests of a 1.3 GHz model of a single-cell cavity with waveguide feedback demonstrated an accelerating gradient comparable to the gradient of a single-cell ILC-type cavity from the same manufacturer []. In the present paper, high gradient test results are presented.


Streptococcus pyogenes or group A streptococcus (GAS) is an exclusive human pathogen. To be a successful pathogen, this pathogen is equipped with various surface-exposed and secreted virulence factors. The functions of secreted virulence factors are particularly important since they interact with host components to establish infections and cause diseases in human. They include a number of proteases, DNase, superantigens, and plasminogen activator. How these secreted factors interact with host protein(s) define this pathogen's ability to bring out various diseases. Several proteases act independently to target immunoglobulin molecules in order to evade host defense system and modulate host proteins to induce host-mediated damages. Besides producing proteases, many pathogenic strains of GAS also produce DNase; however, its involvement in host pathogenesis remains elusive. Superantigen, another secreted protein is responsive for serious host-destruction by bypassing antigen presentation to induce massive production of cytokines. GAS also secretes a plaminogen activator, streptokinase that is crucial for invasiveness. All together, secreted products of this pathogen work in concert to pinpoint different targets in order to destroy and or to disable human defense system and cause host damages.


Novozym 435 was used to catalyze the synthesis of fatty acid (FA) ascorbyl esters in tert-butanol using methyl palmitate, oleic and linoleic acids, and soybean oil as acyl donors. Response surface methodology (RSM) and three-level-four-factor central composite rotatable design (CCRD) were employed to optimize the synthesis parameters of ascorbyl palmitate, such as Novozym 435 dosage, reaction temperature, reaction duration and L-ascorbyl acid/methyl palmitate molar ratio. Under the optimized conditions, the yield of ascorbyl palmitate was up to 78.2%. The proposed model on ascorbyl palmitate yield showed a satisfactory coefficient of R 2 (87.89%), and was experimentally verified. Some other ascorbyl esters were also biosynthesized using oleic and linoleic acids and soybean oil as acyl donors under the optimal conditions. The antioxidant capacities of the derivative ascorbyl esters were evaluated by different assays, including hydroxyl and superoxide anion radical scavenging activities, reduction assay and lipid oxidative degradation. Compared to the common antioxidants of TBHQ, BHT, BHA, VC and VE, it is important to note that a mixture of soybean oil ascorbyl esters exhibits the highest hydroxyl radical scavenging and reduction capacities; ascorbyl palmitate showed the highest superoxide anion radical scavenging and lipid oxidative degradation activities. It can be conclude that the derivative ascorbyl esters may be used as potential antioxidants in improving food quality and stability.


The phenomenon of sirri marriage occurs in many communities, as if the community is permissive to the marriage. They believe that the marriage of sirri is legal according to local law and does not contradict the ethical value of society. This certainly requires a deep legal examination so as not to become a wrong view by the community. Therefore, in this paper, a juridical normative approach is used to analyze sirri farming. The results show that the marriage of Sirri is an illegitimate marriage in the perspective of Marriage Law No. 1 of 1974. Marriage sirri does not have an authentic deed, so someone who makes a marriage sirri will find it difficult to prove the occurrence of marriage.


A Taylor dispersion tube has been used to measure ternary interdiffusion (mutual diffusion) coefficients for sodium dodecylsulfate(NaDS)–n-hexanol–water and NaDS–n-octanol–water aqueous solutions. The measured diffusion coefficients give the fluxes of total NaDS and total alcohol components, including cross-coefficients for the coupled flux of NaDS caused by the concentration gradient in alcohol and vice versa. Hexanol and especially octanol are extensively solubilized in NaDS micelles. The diffusion of the solubilized portion of each alcohol was expected to cotransport large amounts of NaDS. Yet diffusing octanol produces large countercurrent coupled flows of NaDS. To help understand the results, Nernst–Planck equations are used to develop a model for the interdiffusion of solubilizates and ionic micelles. The model includes changes in the extent of counterion binding caused by solubilization and coupled transport of solubilizate driven by the electric field which is generated by the diffusion of the charged micelles and mobile counterions.


The invention provides a combined charging battery module, which comprises a first battery, a first programmable fuse, a first discharging switch, a first charging switch, a first simulation front endcircuit, a first heat sensing resistance, a second battery, a second programmable fuse, a second discharging switch, a second charging switch, a second simulation front end circuit, a second heat sensing resistance, and a controller. The charging battery module is arranged in a clamp, and the first battery and the second battery can achieve voltage balance; when the voltage of the first battery and the second battery, the first battery and the second battery can synchronously perform parallel charging or discharging process. Besides, the invention discloses a method of making a combined charging battery module, a charging method of a combined charging battery module and a discharging method of a combined charging battery module.