To the Editor .—

The value of ototopical antimicrobials in the treatment of otorrhea has been debated for years.1 Several recent articles have suggested that fluoroquinolone eardrops have the correct antimicrobial profile to treat posttympanostomy tube otorrhea and otitis externa in children.2 Studies showing a lack of ototoxicity and efficacy similar to oral amoxicillin-clavulanate led the Food and Drug Administration to approve ofloxacin for treatment of otitis externa and tube otorrhea in children. Several authors have advocated the use of fluoroquinolone drops as first-line therapy for these indications,3 …


The objective of this work is the Development of a Depth Map Generation System, oriented to the determination of distances. Where a process of exploration of the methods of Artificial Vision and Structured Light is performed, to obtain the depth map of a certain scene. By means of this map it is possible to extract the 3D location data of the objects present in the scene. The work addresses the problem of 3D distance estimation through the generation of the Depth Map, thus presenting a tool for the development of future applications, such as classification systems, surface reconstruction, 3D printing and recognition, among others. The algorithmic development is carried out through Matlab software. It should be noted that the work focuses specifically on the process of determining distances over a fixed scene under controlled lighting conditions, and not on light variations of the scene or moving environments. With the proposed development, the system presents a good response in scenes with depth variations between 540mm to 640mm, presenting errors of less than 5.5% in the mentioned range.


Aluminium in sea water was determined spectrophotometrically with solvent extraction using pyrocatechol violet. The ion associate between the aluminium-pyrocatechol violet complex and zephiramine (tetradecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride) was extracted into chloroform, and the excess of reagent co-extracted was removed by back-washing using 0.25 M sodium bromide solution (pH 9.5). The method is sensitive (apparent molar absorptivity = 9.8 × 104 l mol–1 cm–1), selective and precise (relative standard deviation less than 4%).


Context: The addiction problem negatively affects the addicted person's mental health and his/her family. Aims: The aim of this study was to compare the emotional-behavioural and functional states of children aged 6–16 years old with addicted and non-addicted parents. Settings and Design: In this case–control study, using convenience sampling method, a total of 50 addicted parents with children aged 6–16 years old were selected from among people in addiction treatment centres in Qom; in addition, using simple random sampling, 50 non-addicted parents with children aged 6–16 years old were selected as the control group. Subjects and Methods: Data were collected using two questionnaires, including standard Child Behaviour Checklist questionnaire and Children's Global Assessment Scale questionnaire. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analysed by SPSS version 20 using Chi-square, independent t-test and ANOVA. Results: There was a significant difference between children with addicted and healthy parents in terms of functional disorders (P < 0.001), as a higher percentage of children with addicted parents (as compared with those with healthy parents) had a functional disorder. Different types of behavioural disorders, except for physical problems, were significantly more prevalent in children with addicted parents than in children with healthy parents (P < 0.05). Internalisation and extrapolation of problems were more prevalent in children with addicted parents than in children with healthy parents (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Based on the results, children with addicted parents have undesirable emotional, behavioural and functional states. This suggests that the parents' addiction has a great impact on the health of the family, including children.


Recently the supplementary cementitious materials are used in the world widely in ready-mixed concrete because of it is economic and environmental benefits; they focusing on them has been increase in the recent years. Whether they come from industrial waste, agro wasted or with products, the SCM may be varied involving loose fasten to improve cement strength. SCM may contain slag cement, rice husk, fly ash, silica fume, and common pozzolans, to name a few. These components are used in combining with ordinary Portland cement (OPC). The use of those materials in concrete will part cut back the consumption of cement¸ which, in turn, will reduce construction prices, providing materials suppliers, contractors and engineers with substantial blessings. This paper is reviewed the use of metakaolin (MK) and rice husk as fractional alteration of cement in mortar and concrete has been extensively widely in lately years. (SCM; Metakaolin, Rice husk ash) is investigated.


Accurate prediction of the performance of a vertical-axis wind turbine (VAWT) using CFD simulation requires the employment of a sufficiently fine azimuthal increment (dθ) combined with a mesh size at which essential flow characteristics can be accurately resolved. Furthermore, the domain size needs to be large enough to minimize the effects of blockage and uncertainties in the boundary conditions on the results. The current study systematically investigates the effect of these parameters on the performance of a 2-bladed vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) using unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) simulations. The turbine operates at a constant tip speed ratio (λ) of 4.5. Refining dθ from 10.0° to 0.5° results in a significant change in the power coefficient (CP) while the effect is negligible with further refinement from 0.5° to 0.1° at the given λ. Furthermore, a distance from the turbine center of rotation to the outlet of 10D and a domain width of 20D are found to be safe choices to minimize the effects of blockage and uncertainty in the outlet boundary condition on the results.


A cosmetic dispenser system improved controller and a plurality of New Tate type pump, a plurality of reservoirs for storing the component materials of cosmetics, and a plurality of nozzles, and supporting the plurality of nozzles arranged concentrically and the manifold, a turntable rotatably mounted beneath the manifold, a turntable having a through opening capable of passing the fluid discharged from one nozzle of the plurality of nozzles, the and a motor for rotating the turntable, the controller, the is connected to a plurality of new Tate pump to said motor, communicating with each of the plurality of pumps, one of said plurality of reservoirs and, and, each of said plurality of reservoirs are in communication with the one of the plurality of pumps, further, before Each of the plurality of pumps are connected to one of said plurality of nozzles, and each of said plurality of nozzles is connected to one of said plurality of pumps. The system operates under the control of the computer, the turntable is rotatable in both directions of the clockwise and counter clockwise, in the turntable and the container holder is provided, the container holder, various it is possible to correspond to the vessel of such size. Furthermore, discloses combined improved method and metered component material at the point of sale to formulate the cosmetic, the method comprises mixing Once in contact with the inner surface of the container in the final solution tint or colorant becomes difficult, it is to avoid adhering to the inner surface of the container. .FIELD 6


CoO and Co3O4 thin films have been deposited on glass substrates at different temperatures and with various oxygen flow rates by reactive pulsed laser deposition(PLD) techniques.High purity metallic Co disk was used as the target material,and high purity oxygen was used as the reactive gas.X-ray diffractometry(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and UV-visible spectrometry were applied to characterize the crystalline phases of the deposited films.Results show that when the oxygen flow rate is less than 15sccm,the deposited films are rock salt type CoO,while films deposited at an oxygen flow rate greater than 15sccm,the deposited films are spinel type Co3O4.The indirect band structures of both the CoO and Co3O4 phases are proved by UV-Vis absorbance spectra,with bandgaps of 0.82eV for CoO and 1.21eV for Co3O4,respectively.


A process for generating combustible gas with middle heat value by gasifying the biological matter in oxygen uses cyclic fluidized-bed gasifier as the gasifying device of biological matter. The biological matter is quickly fluidized, heated and gasified in oxygen-enriched atmosphere in the gasifier. The charcoal not reacted fully takes part in gas-solid separation outside the bed and then is cyclically reused in the gasifier for continuous reaction. Its advantages are simple structure, easy operation and continuously stable running. The obtained gas can be used for civil purpose or as chemical raw material.


Pressureless-sintered lanthanum gallate (LaGaO 3 ) ceramics have been analyzed using X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM). Twins are induced by solid-state phase transformation upon cooling from rhombohedral (r, R3c) to orthorhombic (o, Pnma) symmetry at ∼145°C. Two types of transformation twins have been identified, and they co-exist in some of the grains. The {121} twins are generated by loss of the mirror plane symmetry upon phase transformation. The twin planes are on {121} about which the two crystal parts are related by a mirror operation. The fact that twins are of reflection type is also confirmed by a tilting experiment in the microscope. The other, often termed the [010] 90° -type rotation, is a rotation twin induced by loss of fourfold rotation axes upon phase transition. The spot splitting of 2Φ ≈ 0.22° because of the orthorhombic obliquity (Φ) is evidenced from the corresponding electron diffraction patterns (SADPs) where triplet reflection spots are clearly identified. The {121} twin domain boundaries exhibit δ-fringes. The fault vector across twin boundaries R = e[123] is determined by applying the invisibility criteria of 2πg·R = 0, or 2nn. Such a translation is not related in a simple way to the structure of LaGaO 3 , and the length of the fault vector is not a fractional of the lattice displacement vector.


Abstract : A study was conducted of UV light sources, particularly Xenon/H2 flash lamps, in an effort to achieve higher efficiencies in the upper end of the solar blind wavelength region for application to UV communication devices. Lamps containing a number of inert gases with and without added H2, were subjected to detailed spectroscopic examination and their UV output efficiencies compared to that of conventional commercially available lamps of similar physical configuration. A highly versatile power supply capable of delivering very short pulses at variable frequency and power level was designed and built for this purpose. It incorporates the capacity of hold off capacitor recharge for specifiable times between pulses in order to minimize premature lamp firing which produces holdover and renders the source useless for Fm or pulse position modulation operation. Modest increases in efficiency were achieved by increasing Xe pressure and operating the lamps at the highest power and voltage levels compatible with the structural strength of the lamp and frequency range selected for operation.


In this paper, we present TapAuth, a novel smartphone user authentication system that leverages vibrations generated from a user's tap inputs. TapAuth is based on the observation that the vibrations have their unique characteristic depending on the user due to differences in finger structure. Specifically, TapAuth collects audio and motion data using only built-in sensors, while users are entering PIN code. Then, it authenticates the user by verifying the validity of the code and comparing the collected data with a pre-built training dataset. Our experimental results with 20 real-world users show that TapAuth can achieve high accuracy.


The status report on the Kurchatov Synchrotron Radiation Source (KSRS) is presented. Much attention is paid to the overview of KSRS injection complex commissioning. The summary of research directions is given


This study was focused on the relationships between sensation seeking, functional and dysfunctional impulsivity in youth. The aim of this study was to investigate the direct and indirect effects of functional and dysfunctional impulsivity on sensation seeking in youth controlled for gender and age in the group of 19–25-year-old. Radoslavova & Velichkov's (2005) self-report paper-and-pencil questionnaire was used to measure sensation seeking, functional and dysfunctional types of impulsivity among 764 students. Dysfunctional impulsivity was directly and indirectly related to sensation seeking mediated by functional impulsivity and being statistically controlled for age and gender. Functional impulsivity also was directly and indirectly related to sensation seeking mediated by dysfunctional impulsivity with gender and age as controlled confound variables. Dysfunctional impulsivity had larger direct and indirect effects as a mediator on sensation seeking than the corresponding effects of functional impulsivity on sensation seeking controlling for age and gender. These findings suggest the possibility for existence of some deficiencies in the speed, accuracy, and effectiveness of processing information, making decisions, and implementing actions during the search for optimal stimulation among youth.


Vortex flow regulators (VFR) are used in urban drainage systems as a replacement for traditional flow throttling devices. Vortex regulators are not only very efficient energy dissipators but also atomizers which are beneficial for sewer aeration. A deficit of dissolved oxygen can be a problem in both natural waters and sewerage. Hydrodynamic flow regulators can boost oxygen concentration preventing putrefaction and improving treatment of stormwater and wastewater. We were first to investigate the aeration efficiency of semi-commercial scale cylindrical vortex flow regulators to determine the potential of their application in environmental engineering and to propose modification to enhance the aeration capacity of basic designs. Different device geometries and arrangements of active outlets for both single and double discharge vortex regulators were tested in a recirculating system. In this study, we present a concise review of the current state of our extensive research on the aeration efficiency of vortex flow regulators and their application in sewerage systems.


This article aims to reconstruct and theorise the autonomy of the European Union (EU) legal system by drawing on Hartian legal theory. It comprises four claims. First, the European Court of Justice's (ECJ) 'foundational case law' on autonomy – and direct effect and supremacy as its corollaries – is conceptualised as a second-order thesis about the genus to which EU law belongs (the 'autonomy thesis'). Second, the ECJ's reliance on the full effectiveness of EU law as a justification for the autonomy thesis alludes to the deep connection between legality and effectiveness, but this connection cannot rationally explain the normativity of the autonomy thesis as an internal statement of law. Third, in order to provide such an explanation, the autonomy thesis is reconceptualised as an 'internal recognitional statement' by which the ECJ asserts a normative formulation of an autonomous EU rule of recognition. Fourth, within this Hartian analysis of the EU legal system, the doctrines of direct effect and supremacy lack self-standing analytical value. This article finishes with some very preliminary observations on a well-known objection against the autonomy of EU law based on the attitudes and perspectivism of national courts.


In recent years there has been a renewed emphasis on improving the regulatory frameworks of financial systems in part as a response to the global financial crisis. This has included a focus on how institutional design can promote financial stability. Support for the continued importance of institutional design in financial stability has often looked to the relatively positive performance during the financial crisis of some countries, including Australia, which have implemented the so-called 'Twin Peaks' model of financial infrastructure. This has led several countries to consider adopting various forms of the Twin Peaks model. The authors examine how the Twin Peaks model in Australia has responded to financial collapses and challenges since its implementation. They argue that Australia's experience indicates continuing challenges for regulators in coordinating regulatory functions and resolving issues concerning the nature and scope of functions of regulators. The analysis may assist reformers in other countries looking to the Twin Peaks model to address regulatory problems.


A teaching demonstration experiment table comprises a rack, a drawing board, a track generation mechanism and a track generator. The track generation mechanism is a screw type adjustable gear five-pole combined mechanism and is formed by a first gear, a second gear and a third gear which are engaged with each other and a left upper connecting rod, a left lower connecting rod, a right upper connecting rod and a right lower connecting rod. Lower ends of the left and right lower connecting rods are connected with wheel shafts of the second and third gears respectively. Upper ends of the left and right lower connecting rods are hinged to lower ends of the left and right upper connecting rods respectively. The left upper connecting rod and the right upper end are connected through a hinge shaft. A paintbrush is arranged on the hinge shaft through a first type of track generator and is mounted on a connecting rod through a second type of track generator. Online dismounting-free length adjustment of the connecting rods can be realized. Movement track curves of the connecting rods can be drawn on the drawing board at real time and the images are visual. Thus, students can deeply master movement characteristics of a link mechanism for realizing a predetermined track.


Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is by nature a 'sporadic' disease with no evidence of familial aggregation observed. However, the alpha-synuclein locus (SNCA) multiplication families have clinically displayed parkinsonism and autonomic dysfunction. The present study did not find any SNCA multiplications in a series of 58 pathologically confirmed MSA cases excluding this event as a common cause of MSA. The question of a genetic component in MSA remains to be answered.


Objective To summarize the experience of microsurgical treatment of posterior fossa epidermoid cyst in nearly five years,and to explore the effect of endoscopic assisted microsurgical treatment on posterior fossa epidermoid cysts.Methods A retrospective analysis of 49 patients with posterior fossa epidermoid cysts,admitted to our hospital from January 2008 to January 2013,was conducted.The controls were 20 patients treated only by micro-neurosurgery,and the other 29 were as observation subjects:the tumors were,first,mostly removed under micro-neurosurgery,and then,residual tumors were resected under neuroendoscopy.The operation time,complications and tumor residual rate were compared between the two groups.Results According to the different tumor location in posterior fossa,three surgical approaches were adopted:suboccipital posterior midline approach,suboccipital posterior sigmoid sinus approach and supratentorial infratentorial combined approach.Postoperative complications were aseptic meningitis,transient cranial nerve palsy and delayed intracranial hematoma.There was statistical significance between two surgical methods in residual tumor rate and incidence of complications (P<0.05),while no statistical significance in operation time was noted between the two groups (P>0.05).Conclusion With the assistant of neuroendoscopy,tumor removal rate of posterior fossa epidermoid cyst would be improved obviously and the incidence of complications would be decreased.

Key words:
Epidermoid cyst;  Posterior cranial fossa;  Microsurgery;  Neuroendoscope


Dr. DAN MCKENZIE said he would like to be able to prophesy whether in ten years' time radium or diathermy would be the remedy used for epithelioma; it would certainly be interesting to see which of those two methods would survive. He appealed to operators to publish all their cases and results; only by such means could a safe conclusion be reached. By publishing successes alone, an impression was formed that a remedy was better than it actually was. The recent method of using radium produced a very impressive effect, as it abolished the cancer and left the normal tissue in position. To those who saw this transformation scene, it was very dramatic. In operating for cancer, however, the surgeon's duty was not only to produce a functional success, but to bring about the permanent abolition of the disease itself. Did radium do that? What would be the ultimate result? No one could yet tell; it needed that a wide series of cases shall have been treated and persistently watched over a long period of years. All the same, Mr. Patterson's cases encouraged those who had been using diathermy to persevere with it.


Two non-directly interacting qubits with equal frequencies can become entangled via a Markovian, dissipative dynamics through the action of a weakly coupled Ohmic heat bath. In the standard weak-coupling limit derivation, this purely dissipative effect disappears if the frequencies are different because of the "ergodic average" used by this approach. However, there are physical situations where this technique is too rough to capture all the relevant aspects of the dissipative dynamics. In these cases, in order to better describe the physical behavior of the open system, it is necessary to go beyond the "ergodic average". We show that, in this more refined framework, the entanglement capability of the environment persists also in the case of different frequencies.


In order to study the heat dissipation of electrode during the spot welding process,the heat input mechanics of electrode for spot welding was analyzed in detail firstly.Then,the heat input model for electrode was built based on the finite element method(FEM) and the information of heat input during the welding process was analyzed.Finally,experiment was carried out to validate the conclusion.It's found that the dissipating heat of electrode was made of resistance heat and conduction heat.The resistance heat had the same law with the welding current and the conduction heat was the major part of the dissipating heat.This research is helpful to the further study on heat dissipation of electrode and quality control of spot welding.


OBJECTIVE:To Characterize Neurology Referrals to Pain Management
BACKGROUND: Up to 75[percnt] of neurology outpatients have significant pain. However, no standards exist regarding referral to pain management and little has been studied regarding the referred patients. The goal of this study is to describe the demographics and clinical characters of these patients.
DESIGN/METHODS:A chart review of consecutive pain management referrals from neurologists over 14 months. Anonymized patient data collected included age, gender, referral reason, current medications, and management. Descriptive statistics, t-tests for independent samples and chi-square testing were performed in SPSS version 21.
RESULTS: There were 118 distinct referrals. Of these, 48[percnt] of patients appeared for an initial evaluation. 66.7[percnt] of patients who presented were female, mean age 41.1 (SD - 17.9), ranging from 14 to 89. Presenting males were 37.3 (SD - 20.4) years old, ranging from 13 to 73. 61.4[percnt] of patients were referred for intractable head pain (mainly migraines and occipital neuralgia), 19[percnt] for non specific back pain, 8.8[percnt] for polyneuropathy and 12[percnt] patients for other reasons including mononeuropathy, thalamic pain, radiculopathy, penile pain and generalized pain in the setting of muscular dystrophy. 63.9[percnt] of referred patients were on non-TCA neuropathic pain medications, 39.7[percnt] on NSAIDS, 27.6[percnt] on muscle relaxants, 25.9[percnt] on opioids, 29[percnt] on TCA's, and 29.3[percnt] on triptans. 8.6[percnt] of the individuals referred had a formal psychiatric diagnosis. Over 80[percnt] were felt to be good candidates for subsequent interventional management and over 50[percnt] had medication changes.
CONCLUSIONS: Neurology referrals to pain management consist primarily of head/facial pain, painful neuropathy, and back pain. The majority of those referred were being treated with atleast one pharmacological agent, and many were candidates for interventional therapy. Further research to assess the effect of intervention in this setting is warranted. Disclosure: Dr. Bragin has nothing to disclose. Dr. Dvoskin has nothing to disclose. Dr. Zidan has nothing to disclose. Dr. Joseph has nothing to disclose. Dr. Thomas has nothing to disclose.


Many common features of the legal regulation of the employment relationship have attracted little attention, although they are to be found in contracts with possible litigation, as for instance the possibility for the employer to reduce the mobility of the employee or to prevent them from retaining some intangible assets. The aim of this paper is to provide some insights into the actual drafting of individual labour contracts, starting with a quantitative description of the usage of contracts in France, and then going further with some explanations of why some provisions exist and in which cases they are expected to be found. The main empirical result is that factors related to the technology of job cannot be considered as the only causes of the specificity of a contract. In many cases, the bargaining process is relevant and is sensitive to the state of the micro labour market. Copyright The Author 2010. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Cambridge Political Economy Society. All rights reserved., Oxford University Press.


With the advancement of the eastern enlargement of the EU, some advocates of the European social model saw enlargement as the ""Trojan horse"" against Europeanization, for the Americanization of Europe. In response, the EU recommended the strengthening of social partnership among business, labor and the state in candidate countries. This paper reveals four major venues for change: (1) emphasis on a new philosophy of social dialogue as social governance; (2) broadening the scope of participants in social dialogue; (3) development of autonomous and multi-level social dialogue among the organizations of employees and employers; and (4) capacity building for participation of the social partners in EU-level social dialogue.


The general characteristics and spectrometric features of a high-resolution four-crystal reflection X-ray monochromator with wavelength analysis installed at the HASYLAB beamline L at DESY are presented. The monochromator is part of a spectrometer developed to calibrate X-ray absorption edge spectra in the energy range of 6–36 keV with a relative uncertainty ΔE/E from 10−5 to 10−6. This requires an extremely effective suppression of harmonics and also a negligible instrumental influence in order to obtain almost intrinsic spectra. As the results show, the monochromator fulfills the requirements, including very high stability. One essential advantage of the (+ − − +)-setting is that the monochromator itself limits the divergence of the primary radiation, which is very useful for energies above 5 keV where the natural divergence of the synchrotron radiation exceeds the width of the crystal reflection curve. This setting needs no further optics such as slits to improve the resolution, which is therefore not influenced by vertical movements of the primary radiation source. Harmonic suppression is achieved by detuning the channel-cut nondispersive monolithic part slightly out of its parallel-sided position. In preliminary tests the operation of the set-up according to the principle was demonstrated. The thermal load of the first crystal caused a temperature increase of approximately 5 K. After reaching temperature equilibrium reproducible results are received. In a measured section of 18–30 degrees of arc, the deviation of the monochromator position from that measured by the goniometer is less than the resolution of the monochromator angle decoder. The FWHM of the rocking curves is in the range of the expected values. An example of the calibration procedure for the copperK-edge is given as well as a comparison of the remeasured absorption edge energies with the previously tabulated data.


Introduction: The 1.8-km-diameter Xiuyan crater is located in the Liaodong Peninsula in northeastern China. The crater is exposed in a Proterozoic metamorphic rock complex composed of granulite, hornblendite, gneiss, tremolite marble, and marble. A drilling positioning at the centre of the crater reveals the geological structure and stratum of the crater [1]. The bottom at the center of the crater covers about 100 m thick lacustrine sediments underlain by 188 m thick crater-fill breccia. A layer of impact breccia composed of clasts of granulite, gneiss, hornblendite and fragments of glass as well as clastic matrix, occurs at the lower part of the breccia units in the depth interval from 260 to 295 m. We have examined abundant planar deformation features (PDFs) in quartz from the impact breccia. Results and discussion: Quartz with multiple PDFs was identified in the fine-grained matrix and within the clast of granulite. One to five sets of PDFs are observed in a single quartz crystal. A quantity of 70 quartz grains from five thin sections made from the clasts of granulite in the impact breccia recovered at the depth of 290 m were measured in detail by using a Universal stage to determine the orientations of PDFs relative to the optical axis. Total 13 forms of PDFs correspond to rational crystallographic orientations of quartz have been indexed, and these orientations of PDFs include the forms with miller indices of


Online portals that provide patients with secure access to their medical records and provider communication can improve health care. Yet new technologies can also exacerbate existing health disparities. We analyzed information about 2,325 insured respondents to the nationally representative 2017 Health Information National Trends Survey to examine characteristics of portal nonusers and reasons for nonuse. Sixty-three percent reported not using a portal during the prior year. In multivariable analysis, we found that nonusers were more likely to be male, be on Medicaid, lack a regular provider, and have less than a college education, compared to users. Similar disparities existed in who reported being offered access to a portal, with nonwhites also less likely to report being offered access. Reasons for nonuse included privacy concerns and the desire to speak directly to providers, both of which indicate the important role of the doctor-patient relationship.


The possibilities of using liquid crystals (LCs) as an active medium in various designs of microwave devices are being intensively studied: tunable microstrip phase shifters, phased antenna arrays etc. The main parameters characterizing the possibility of using LCs for this purpose are the tunability of their dielectric permittivity. The values of the dielectric anisotropy achievable in the LC play an important role, but it is not yet clear what affects their magnitude in this frequency range. On the other hand, the tunability parameter can be optimized by increasing the optical anisotropy of nematic LCs. Liquid-crystalline materials for high-frequency technology have been disclosed in various papers [1  3]. However, in our opinion, the compositions known today have some drawbacks. Most of them result in disadvantageously high losses and/or inadequate phase shifts or inadequate material quality. The main task in the development of the liquid crystal composition is to obtain the lowest melting point for a given set of components, i.e., to obtain a eutectic mixture. For the development of the base matrix, isothiocyanates were chosen, since they have the lowest viscosity from all classes of compounds. To prepare a eutectic composition of 3-ring compounds, the priority was given to the isothiocyanate derivative with a shorter alkyl radical, since they also have low viscosity and better miscibility with other classes of compounds. We synthesized a lot of n-quaterphenyl and nquinquiphenyl. Based on the investigation of the properties of these compounds, we selected the most promising ones. The melting point of most synthesized compounds does not exceed 90-100C, and the temperature of the transition to the isotropic state is less than 250C. Synthesized compounds are characterized by good solubility in most organic solvents and good miscibility with other LC compounds, which makes them promising for practical use as components of LC mixtures with high optical anisotropy. For our investigation we have developed about 20 LC compositions and study their parameters. Based on the analysis of the data obtained, 6 optimized LC compositions were prepared, the parameters of which are presented in Table 1. The measurements of LC dielectric constants in microwave region were based on cavity perturbation method. In accordance with this method, thin polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material tube is filled by LC mixture and placed in high-quality waveguide resonator. In applied strong magnetic field (> 0.5 T), LC molecules change their orientation and, correspondingly, their dielectric permittivity. Table 1. Parameters of optimized LC compositions (frequency: 29 GHz)


Political connections are always regarded as a kind of scarce resource which is critical for enterprises' innovation.However,the conclusion gained from empirical researches between political connections and innovative performance remains fuzzy even contradicted.This paper sets organizational learning and dynamic capabilities as mediator variables to connect political connections and innovative performance,finally build a theory model including political connections,organizational learning,dynamic capabilities and innovative performance.Then an empirical test was managed by SPSS and SEM methods with 166 enterprises from Pearl River Delta region of Guangdong as respondents.The result shows that political connections can improve the innovative performance indirectly through organizational learning and dynamic capability as mediator variables.However,political connections have no significant direct effect on innovative performance.The state-owned enterprises showed the more impact on innovative performance than the non-state-owned enterprises.The conclusion of this paper offers new insights for not only the development of theories about organizational innovation,political connections and dynamic capabilities but also practice of management of the enterprises related.


Collaboration between Universities and hospitals has provided the National Health Service (NHS) with many excellent Biomedical Scientists through the placement year scheme. Here, we document the number of students joining the placement scheme and the number and type of hospital departments offering student placements over a 10-year period.
Prior to 2012, students were able to join fully-funded placements through the Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE). Since then, there has been a fluctuation in numbers completing a placement year at the University of Essex, but the employability of these graduates remains consistently higher than our 3-year graduates. We demonstrate the positive impact of completing a placement year in an NHS hospital laboratory for students, and the contribution to university metrics in good degrees and graduate outcomes as well as the provision of much needed, qualified biomedical science staff to hospitals.


Although treatment of the mentally ill has had a long past institutionalisation as a method of handling the mentally ill has a relatively brief history. Deutsch (1949) has brilliantly documented the course of development of the asylum in the USA. The asylum concept developed primarily so as to provide a milieu for a more humane custodial care of the mentally ill as compared to their own homes where they were often maltreated. Often the mentally ill were put under restraint or solitary confinement and subjected to other humiliations ana deprivations, partly, no doubt, as the families did not know how else to handle them. The primary objective thus was not of incarceration or to spare the society of their aggression,


Purpose – This paper seeks to present a knowledge management (KM) conceptual model for competency development and a case study in a law service firm, which implemented the KM model in a competencies development program.Design/methodology/approach – The case study method was applied according to Yin (2003) concepts, focusing a six‐professional group involved in CDA. Data were collected at the beginning of the program and 12 months later from the following sources: interviews with CDA participants, direct and participative observation and documents/organizational statements analysis.Findings – The paper finds that, after 12 months, CDA participants presented performance improvements that were not registered in four years of traditional training practices. The experience showed that, more than developing competencies, the method can accelerate time for competencies development.Research limitations/implications – The paper shows that the KM model implementation in a small and more easily controlled group may ...


This study investigated the role of enteroviruses in sepsis‐like illness among neonates in Kuwait. Serum samples from 139 consecutive neonates presenting with sepsis‐like illness during a three and a half‐year‐period whose blood cultures were negative for bacterial pathogens were tested. Enterovirus RNA was detected by single‐step reverse‐transcription PCR (RT‐PCR). Specific genotypes were identified by direct DNA sequencing of enteroviral genome. Serotype‐specific antibodies in serum samples from some selected patients were detected by virus neutralization test using coxsackievirus B types (CBVs). All 139 neonates presented with sepsis‐like illness and blood samples were uniformly negative for aerobic/anaerobic bacterial cultures. Fifty‐six (40%) neonates had further complications of sepsis including carditis (n = 34) and multi‐organ involvement (n = 22). Enterovirus RNA was detected by RT‐PCR in 34 of 139 (24%) serum samples which is among the highest frequency reported so far in non‐epidemic settings. Genotyping identified CBVs as most common enteroviruses, causing 19 of 34 (56%) enteroviral sepsis episodes in neonates. Of 34 carditis cases, 18 were positive for CBVs by serotyping including all 10 enterovirus RNA‐positive samples. Only one fatality was observed due to liver failure in a neonate with hepatitis. Our data showed that enteroviruses are responsible for 24% of neonatal sepsis cases due to non‐bacterial causes in Kuwait. The data indicate that enteroviruses should be considered in the differential diagnosis of sepsis‐like illness among neonates, particularly those with negative blood cultures for bacterial pathogens. J. Med. Virol. 85:1280–1285, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Older women who came to this country as adults have had little or no voice in public discourse, including feminist discussions of women's experiences, needs, and roles. This qualitative exploratory study of how life events affected the aging of 25 women born in Puerto Rico, the West Indies, China, India, and Korea investigated the women's early lives and current relationships with their husbands and other family members. Ways for the information gleaned to enhance social work with this population are also explored.


Proposals for SARS-CoV-2 virus vaccination priorities in the UK and in
many other countries are heavily influenced by epidemiological models,
which use outcome measures such as deaths or hospitalisation. Limiting
the values under consideration to those attributable to the direct
effects of infection has the advantage of simplifying the models and the
process of decision-making. However, the consequences of the pandemic
extend beyond outcomes directly attributable to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
The alternative to vaccination (in addition the threat of illness and
death) is restrictions on educational and work opportunities, access to
services, recreational activities, affiliations and relationships with
others, freedom of movement (including escaping abusive relationships),
and other determinants of human experience. Capability theory gives
emphasis to the freedoms that individuals have to express themselves (in
doings and beings). Restrictions on freedoms restrict our capabilities.
Capability theory has been used to provide a framework for the
evaluation and comparison of international development approaches and in
the evaluation of public health policy. There is a clustering of
disadvantages associated with this pandemic that adds to pre-existing
inequalities. Much of the disadvantage engendered in the SARS-CoV-2
pandemic is left out when public health policy is based on a limited
range of metrics. Acknowledging the impact of policy across the range of
human freedoms at both a national and international level has the
potential to improve policy, facilitate the mitigation of direct and
indirect adverse consequences, and improve public confidence in vaccine
deployment strategies.


Abstract Highly diastereo- and enantioselective aldol-type reactions of a silyl enol ether with aldehydes including aromatic, aliphatic, and α,β-unsaturated ones are performed in propionitrile (solvent) by the use of a catalytic amount of chiral tin(II) Lewis acid consisting of tin(II) triflate and a chiral diamine. The asymmetric environments created by the chiral catalysts in the enantioselective aldol reaction are discussed by employing five kinds of chiral diamines.


The article deals with the study of advantages of medical and health tourism, ways of impact of it on public health, Azerbaijan's tourism facilities of high therapeutic importance. Beside with this, the ways and perspective fields of development of medical and health tourism are given based on the analysis of the number of tourist arrivals in the resortand spa facilities, as well as their location and development trends.


Chemical processes like carbonation of concrete structures are driven by slow diffusion processes and fast reactions. This leads to the formation of relatively sharp reaction fronts, which move slowly through the material. Self-adaptive finite element methods provide a tool to automatically generate meshes locally fine enough to capture the reaction, while coarser meshes are sufficient in the bulk. We demonstrate here the applicability of self-adaptive methods for 2D concrete carbonation problems.


This paper introduces large-signal impedance for the modeling and analysis of sustained resonance in grid-connected converters. The large-signal impedance captures the converter impedance response for different amplitudes of the injected perturbation. Large-signal impedance based calculation of the sustained resonance amplitude (interharmonics) is presented for a grid-connected three-phase voltage source converter (VSC). The paper shows that hard nonlinearities, such as PWM saturation, dominate the sensitivity of the impedance response to the perturbation amplitude. The paper also presents modeling of the large-signal impedance for VSC; modeling challenges in the absence of the small-signal approximation and their solutions are discussed.


Two years ago the then newly elected Federal Executive developed an ambitious set of objectives, some have been achieved, some have not.


A positive self-concept supposedly affects a student's well-being as well as his or her perception of individual competence at school. As computer-based learning is becoming increasingly important in school, a positive computer-related self-concept (CSC) might help to enhance cognitive achievement. Consequently, we focused on establishing a short, valid, and reliable instrument to measure the CSC by administering to German subsamples (Ntotal = 488) of three different age-groups: 8th (N = 159), 11th graders (N = 214), and university freshmen (N = 115). We succeeded in developing a one-factor-instrument with good overall reliability (αtotal = .84) and adequate criterion validity. The scale implementation revealed a high self-concept among younger respondents. Furthermore, we observed a stereotypical difference between the CSC scores for 8th and 11th graders. Finally, we discuss pedagogical and educational considerations of the scale's implementation in school.


The experiment was conducted with the objective of examining the effect of dietary high copper on the antioxydic function of kidney in ducklings.360 one-day-old Tianfu meat ducklings were randomly divided into six groups and feed on diets as follows: Controls(Cu 8 mg·kg-1) and high copper(Cu 100 mg·kg-1,high copper groupⅠ;Cu 200 mg·kg-1,high copper groupⅡ;Cu 400 mg·kg-1,high copper group Ⅲ;Cu 600 mg·kg-1,high copper group Ⅳ;Cu 800 mg·kg-1,high copper groupⅤ) for six weeks.Compared with those of control group,the renal free fatty acids,malondialdehyde and hydroxy radical contents in high copper groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ,and the renal cuprozinc-superoxide dismutase(CuZn-SOD) in group Ⅴ were increased(P0.01 or P0.05).Also,the serum copper-protein(CP) activities in high copper groups Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ and the serum CuZn-SOD activities in group V were lower(P0.01 or P0.05) than that in control group.The results showed that dietary copper exceed 200 mg·kg-1 impaired renal antioxydic function,and the renal function was finally depressed.


Based on physical characteristic of an underwater weapon launching system for submarine,the mathematical model of the system was built which is composed of three sub-system models of impulsion module,hydraulic pressure conversion module and weapon system dynamics module.According to characters balanceable launching system,the parameter of pressure increment was adopted,and taking the water cylinder,the water chamber and the launch tube as three chambers with uniform pressure,the linearity relations among weapon,piston subassemblies and water impelled were given,to reduce the complexity of the mathematical model.Simulation was conducted under the Matlab/Simulink programing environment.The simulated results are in agreement with the obtained data,which shows that the established model can be used for dynamic analysis of the system.


Compared with the traditional network,Active network is more flexibility and opened as a new network architecture with the programmable intermediate network node,but at the same time,its security issue have become more prominent.This paper makes the security analysis from the sight of the active network node,put forward a series of security measures and build a new security model of active network node based on them.This model protects the active network node from the attack of vicious capsule with authenti-cation,authorization and active capability loads strategy dynamically.


OLIVEIRA, S.M.S. Schistosomiasis: Reassessment of the first outbreak with in authocthonous transmission, Fordlandia Para. Dissertation (MSc in Tropical Diseases) Center for Tropical Medicine, Universidade Federal do Pará Santarém Pará 2013. Some foci of transmission of schistosomiasis are installed in Para State, with the possibility of permanent expansion by major migration flows through the economic and social demands in the region. It was proposed to reassess the epidemiological situation of schistosomiasis transmission in this village of Fordlandia, the city of Aveiro, PA, where it was established in 1951 as a result of intense migration appreciation for the extraction of rubber, as the first indigenous Amazonian focus, being considered extinct for several years. The study was conducted between September and November 2012, involving 204 individuals of households served by Strategy Community Health Workers in the District of Fordlandia, PA, submitted to parasitological survey by the Kato-Katz (one sample per capita, processed 3 blades) with description of the socio-demographic profile through interviews to identify the environmental conditions of peridomicile, housing, sanitation, presence of collections hydro, type and form of contact with them, which would be inserted possible risk factors for transmission . It was found that the majority are women (54%), with more than 20 years (56%), especially students and farmers (32% and 26%), residents in the town of Fordlandia (52%) for months or years (64 %). Although environmental conditions, housing and sanitation remain the similarity of the season's activity focus of schistosomiasis in the district of Fordlandia-PA was not identified no cases of schistosomiasis considering all coproscópicos tests negative for eggs of S. mansoni, possibly for this location this time was not affected by the entry of migrants infected by this worm, allowing the restoration of the cycle in place. The dispersal of Biomphalaria snails in the Amazon floodplain, plus the intensification of migratory networks, requires constant vigilance in the region as the expansion and development of future outbreaks of transmission of schistosomiasis, including the reemergence of outbreaks now extinct like Fordlandia-PA.


Objective: To investigate the effect of preconditioning with NGF on gerbils neuron apoptosis in brain hippocampus CA1 region following global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and to explore the best time windows of NGF preconditioning.Methods: Global cerebral ischemia was induced by occlusion of bilateral carotid arteries.NGF intracerebroven-tricle injection was adopted.Thirty gerbils were divided randomly into five groups,with six animals in each: sham operation control group(A),ischemia-reperfusion group(B) with a 20 min cerebral ischemia and following 72h reperfusion,NGF pretreatment 48h,24h and 12h groups(C-E) with each 20 min cerebral ischemia and following 72h reperfusion.Neural apoptosis was identified by TUNEL in brain hippocampus CA1 region.Results: Compared with ischemia-reperfusion group,the number of apoptosic cells in NGF preconditioning groups were decreased significantly(P0.05).In each NGF preconditioning group the best protection was shown in the group given 48h before ischemia.Conclusion: NGF preconditioning can significantly decrease the neural apoptosis of the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in gerbils,and the best time windows of NGF preconditioning is 48h.


The best diluent for four bacterial species was 0·1% (w/v) peptone solution. Tap water containing 0·1% (w/v) sodium thiosulphate was less satisfactory but tap water, tap water treated with charcoal, quarter-strength Ringer's solution, 0·85% (w/v) sodium chloride solution and glass distilled water were all bactericidal to one or more of the test species.


Although diastolic heart failure (HFpEF) patients frequently have comorbid obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which has been associated with poor prognosis, the impact of positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy remains unclear. This retrospective study sought to investigate the association between 1 year adherence to PAP therapy and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) in patients with newly diagnosed OSA and comorbid HFpEF.

 A national sample of administrative claims data linked to objective PAP therapy usage was used for this analysis. Eligible patients either had two healthcare encounters or one hospitalization with a diastolic heart failure ICD-10 diagnosis code the year prior to being diagnosed with OSA and initiated on PAP therapy. HCRU was measured as a composite outcome of hospitalizations and emergency room (ER) visits. Propensity score matching was used to create well-balanced groups with differing PAP adherence levels to assess the association with 1 year HCRU outcomes. Risk-adjusted models were used to generate the number needed to treat (NNT) that referred to the number of patients that need to become adherent to PAP from non-adherent to avoid 1 visit.

 4,237 patients with OSA and comorbid HFpEF were included. With propensity score matching, 963 PAP adherent and 963 non-adherent patients remained. After 1 year of PAP therapy, adherent patients had fewer visits than non-adherent patients (1.16 visits per subject vs. 1.75, p < 0.001), driven by a 57% reduction in hospitalizations and a 36% reduction in ER visits for adherent patients. Total HCRU costs were lower in adherent patients than in non-adherent patients ($12,732 vs. $15,610, p< 0.01). Converting 1 patient from non-adherent to adherent would avoid 1.25 visits (either ER visit or hospitalization), with an NNT of 0.8.

 HFpEF patients with OSA that are adherent to PAP therapy for 1 year have fewer hospitalizations and ER visits than patients that are not adherent. More importantly, HCRU costs were lower in adherent patients, highlighting the clinical and economic benefits of treating OSA with PAP therapy in HFpEF patients.

 Funding Source: ResMed


PURPOSE
Pencil beam scanning (PBS) proton therapy provides excellent dosimetric benefits in pelvic cancer treatment, yet day-to-day anatomical variations in pelvic region tend to cause range uncertainties. This study evaluates the dosimetric robustness under anatomical changes for three PBS intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT), IMPT using worstcase robust optimization (thereafter 'Robust IMPT'), and single-field uniform dose (SFUD), in cervical cancer treatment.

METHODS
IMPT, Robust IMPT, and SFUD plans using the same beam directions and the same prescription (Rx) were generated on computed tomography (CT) images acquired on the simulation day. The dose from each plan was then recomputed on CT images acquired in subsequent two to five weeks using the same protocol. The weekly CTs were registered to the planning CT based on bony anatomy. Target coverage was considered adequate on each weekly CT if dose to 99% of the internal target volume (D_ITV99%) reached at least 95% of the Rx dose. Statistical analysis was then performed on the 21 weekly CT images available for the 7 enrolled patients.

RESULTS
Statistically, IMPT was unable to maintain target coverage (mean D_ITV99% = 90.5% Rx, p = 0.004), and SFUD was able to maintain target coverage (mean D_ITV99% = 98.0% Rx, p = 0.0064), in the weeks following simulation. Robust IMPT was able to improve the robustness of IMPT significantly (p < 0.0001), though its maintenance of target coverage was not statistically significant by the 95% Rx criteria (mean D_ITV99% = 96.0%, p = 0.1677).

CONCLUSION
During the multi-week treatment course with anatomical variations, SFUD is robust in terms of maintaining target coverage while IMPT is not. The worst-case optimized Robust IMPT, assuming ±3.5% range uncertainties, improves the robustness of IMPT under anatomical changes significantly, even though it was not designed to account for anatomical changes by mechanism.


Nanoshells are a class of nanomaterials that have unique optical properties achievable through systematic manipulation of design parameters. We describe the development of an integrated cancer imaging and therapy application using near-infrared gold nanoshell bioconjugates.


Objective To assess the inpatient satisfaction with nursing care in 24 districts of China. Methods 4248 inpatients in 71 hospitals of 24 districts were investigated using the inpatient satisfaction with nursing care questionnaire. Results The average satisfaction rate was 93.69%. The dimensions with highest score(3.81)were nurses' attitude and responsibility. Conclusions The survey indicated the overall satisfaction level was high.Nurses should strengthen the daily nursing care to meet patients' need,and pay more attention to patient health education. Nurse managers should apply the results of inpatient satisfaction investigation into the continuous quality improvement.


The invention to be moved by the crane and equipped, trunnion you eonyi on both sides so as to provide that the securing is automatically connected and a share certificate and bogwon provided on the wire pulley slag port a lug formed on the rear crane between the slag port in the connecting structure for coupling to connect to each other, connected by being configured to extend to the rear than the lugs at the rear bottom of the slag port pair form an equilibrium with each other with a seating against which is installed fixed in the lateral direction between the seating units installed It lugs the shaft rod to be formed and; When falling toward the lug portion bogwon member to the combined lower end to the shaft seal in which the wire rotatably on a pulley to operate the lifting from the crane; provides a slag port automatically fastening apparatus using a crane bogwon containing.


The high-pressure structural phase transition and pressure as well as temperature induced elastic properties of cubic zincblende to rocksalt structures of Hg0.91Mn0.09Te compound have been performed using effective interionic interaction potential with emphasis on charge transfer interactions and covalent contribution. Estimated values of phase transition pressure and the volume discontinuity in pressure-volume phase diagram indicate the structural phase transition from ZnS to NaCl structure. From the investigations of elastic constants the pressure (temperature) dependent volume collapse/expansion, melting temperature TM, Hardness (HV), Poisson's ratio ν and Pugh ratio ϕ (= BT/GH) the Hg0.91Mn0.09Te lattice infers mechanical stiffening, thermal softening, and ductile (brittle) nature.


For the short-term high torque output, an improved model predictive direct torque control (MPDTC) method with field enhancing is proposed to increase torque. In order to avoid the possible loss of synchronism while increasing torque, the MPDTC method limits the load angle in the cost function. Under the constant load angle limitation, the improved method increases the torque output capability by increasing the magnetic field. This paper starts from the torque calculation, theoretically analyzes the torque-load angle characteristics, and illustrates the flux vector trajectory with the voltage limit circle and current limit circle. The proposed method maintains the dynamic and static performance of the traditional MPDTC method while ensuring the system stability. The experimental results show that the torque capacity of the proposed method has been improved, and it has stable extreme output torque. So, some applications, such as electric load simulators, can choose the motor with small capacity and small inertia, thereby weakening negative effects of the inertia torque.


All for one dollar! This is a new issue of a book which 'has been popular among preachers for several years. In his introduction to the original edition Dr. E. Y. Mullins wrote, "D~. Webb had in mind especially the evangelistic preacher. It is in the evangelistic meeting that the need is felt for forcible and pointed illustrative ,material. The direct appeal for decision in the proclamation of the gospel is tremendously reinforced when a telling illustration can be brought to bear to deepen the impression. I believe ,most public speakers, and especially ministers of the gospel, will find here a treasure house of illustrative materiaL" J. B. WEATHERSPOON.


The objective of this review was to investigate trends in clinical trial design, specifically, the primary outcomes used, interpretation of results, and the magnitude of the benefits described in phase III controlled clinical trials in the first‐line treatment of patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).


For the little density difference between the liver tissue and the surrounding tissue that easily cause leakage or excessive segmentation. This paper implements an optimal segmentation threshold method,namely Otsu. The experimental results show that the method is simple,can get the optimal segmentation threshold so that it can better segment the liver tissue. The article also analyzes the problems of this algorithm.


Erwinia amylovora (Burr.) Winsl. et al., the pathogen causing fireblight, was readily isolated from symptomless leaves in blocks of Lodi apple (Malus sylvestris Mill.), Bartlett pear (Pyrus communis L.) and a multicultivar pear block. The frequency of positive assays appeared to be related to the incidence of fireblight symptoms. However, the percent positive samples was highly variable, making prediction of blight outbreaks difficult. The bacterial population was highest from mid-July to the end of August. Before and after this period numbers of E. amylovora were relatively low. The pathogen was isolated from apparently healthy dormant buds of Lodi apple and Flemish Beauty pear.


Using 67 published and unpublished studies, we conduct a meta-analysis of the literature on intra-industry productivity spillovers from foreign direct investment. The combined significance test of individual t-statistics is inconclusive, but it is apparent that papers published in leading journals tend to report insignificant results. Meta-regression analysis confirms that cross-sectional and industry-level studies are likely to find relatively strong spillover effects and that the choice of the proxy for foreign presence is important. The pattern, however, seems to weaken over time. Evidence for publication selection bias was detected employing the funnel asymmetry test, and the spillover effect corrected for publication bias is not significantly different from zero.


Proportional-integral control with default tuning numbers is often used in Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems resulting in suboptimal control performance. A well-known relay based auto-tuning method is modified for a class of HVAC systems and a novel, corresponding performance criteria developed for evaluating resulting control performance. The developed methodology, including modified auto-tuning method and performance criteria assessment, has been successfully demonstrated in a field trial for a Fan Coil Unit (FCU) in an HVAC system.


Abstract : Militaries and soft power have been interlinked since Alexander the Great began assisting the populations his armies conquered by rebuilding infrastructures and distributing food and first aid. Humane gestures by armies were considered important to winning loyalties. During the Napoleonic wars, military altruism had become customary enough to be included in soldiers military science studies. Napoleon viewed humanitarian assistance as a form of philanthropy that helped change civil social order among those populations his troops defeated on the European continent. Over time, measures of humanitarian aid have shifted as the sizes, types, and durations of conflicts have changed. Military roles now involve functioning as relief agents, participating as surplus disposal entities for old or outdated materials and machines, acting as international peacekeeping forces or as liberators, and delivering organized and rapid natural disaster relief. The latest addition to these scenarios is the performance of long-term humanitarian roles in peaceful settings with nations that may have a future potential value as allies.


We have investigated the memory characteristics of InGaZnO (IGZO)-channel ferroelectric FETs (FeFETs) with 2D planar and 3D structures by TCAD simulation to improve the memory window (MW) with a floating-body channel for high-density memory applications. From the study on 2D planar FeFETs with a single gate and a double gate, the MW depends on channel length (L) and is enhanced with shorter L due to stronger electrostatic coupling from the source and drain to the center region of the IGZO layer. From the study on 3D structure FeFETs with macaroni (MAC) and nanowire (NW) structures, a large MW can be obtained especially in NW FeFETs due to the electric field concentration by Gauss's law in the 3D electrostatics. Furthermore, we have systematically studied and discussed the device design of MAC and NW structure FeFETs in terms of the diameter and thickness for high-density memory applications. As the IGZO thickness and the outer diameter of the IGZO layer decrease, the MW increases due to the voltage divider and the electric field concentration. The device parameters that can maximize the MW can be determined under the constraints of the layout and material based on this study.


One of the objectives of learning technology is to create working efficiency which is done by teacher in learning process. Currently, multimedia and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has been used to support learning process in schools which are equipped by adequate facility. One of the ICT implementation as a form of learning media is learning media development. The media which is designed is learning media development PHP Desktop-based in software engineering, static web subject. This procedure of this research used waterfall model by using Unified Modeling Language (UML) modeling language. The coding of the program uses PHP programming language. This development stage is ended by validating and implementing in a chosen school in order to create learning media PHP Desktop-based in software engineering department under the subject static web in SMK Negeri 3 Pariaman. The result of this development is a very practical learning media PHP Desktop-based as the consequence of the validation process with value 91.5% and practical by students from variables, such as student need, using process, student liveliness improvement, using time, and evaluation with score 84.7%. Keywords : Static Web, Desktop php.


of information for the estimation of prevalence rates of chronic conditions of childhood. These estimates are useful in assessing minimal future educational, institutional, and medical needs in the community, and they can be compared with published rates for other areas or time periods. This discussion is concerned with estimated age-specific prevalence rates of selected condi¬ tions based on the experience of a central volun¬


With the development of economy, labor relations have become increasingly prominent. This article is based on the scientific theory of people-oriented outlook on sustainable development. We should try to solve the problem of current labor relations management in small and medium private enterprises from a moral point of view, and blend moral into the corporate culture and development.


Due to the rapid growth in mobile data traffic, academia and industry are considering Li-Fi (Light Fidelity) as an alternative to Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity). Li-Fi is a high-speed, two-way wireless network system that has several advantages over traditional radio frequency systems. To fully exploit the potential of Li-Fi systems, users must be provided with a seamless connection, which must be achieved by carefully studying user mobility. Nowadays, most wireless Li-Fi network applications focus their design on solving some unspecific user-location problems that may fully achieve some preferred results in the domain they serve. For example, locating an unknown user in an indoor environment is considered a kind of solution for maintaining the QoS (Quality of Service) and delivering the signal to the user without distraction. Where the main research problem lies in the signal interference, loss, and scattering in the Li-Fi network, it is a big problem because it reduces the network performance and coverage. Therefore, to solve this problem, this research investigates the locating of the mobile user within the Li-Fi equipped room to obtain the best possible coverage of the user's service. The aim of the research was divided into two stages. In the first stage, the method used in our work was presented by showing the triangulation method in simulating user location data (sensor simulation), the first stage was not affected by noise, as it serves as proof of the correctness of our work and depends in the second stage when it is under the influence the noise. In the second stage, the method of RSS triangulation (Receiving Signal Strength -Triangulation) was adopted to simulate the user's location data (a simulation of the sensor) and under the influence of noise and implemented on a deep learning algorithm to determine the accuracy of the user's location and how to deal with noise. In the simulation results for the data in the first stage, our work was validated using the triangulation method in data simulation. The average error for the X-Axis was 2.17344 × 10 cm; Y-Axis was 6.44762 × 10 cm and Z-Axis 4.65690 × 10 cm the results obtained from the triangulation simulation were close to the real results. In the second stage, when adopting the RSS-Triangulation method under effect the noise, the average error was achieved on the X-axis 2.05612 × 10 cm, Y-Axis was 4.56249 × 10 cm, and Z-Axis 5.10474 × 10 cm where The DNN (Deep Neural Network) showed how to deal with noise, the highest error was obtained on the X-axis 2.51535 cm, the Y-axis 2.25903 cm, and the Z-axis 4.22898 cm for an indoor environment of 5m x 5m x 3m


Abstract Stories of priests being hunted down and murdered at Mass Rocks by priest-catchers and soldiers during the Penal era in Ireland persist to the present day. Using a tripartite taxonomy of memory, this article explores the reasons why these images continue to dominate and reflect the persecuted nature of Catholicism.


IN CALCULATING the short-circuit currents on a d-c system and the contribution by a particular machine, the task would be greatly simplified if each connected machine could be replaced by an equivalent machine having a constant electromotive force (emf) and linear internal resistance and inductance. Even the highly ramified 250-volt d-c system of a present-day steel mill would then lend itself to rather accurate analysis.


a stalwart right or authority to control one's personal destiny, that is to say, the right to control one's goals on the basis of one's desires and plans. However, this is not to say that respect for autonomy is the only source of moral obligations and rights, nor that it is absolute or lexically superior to other principles such as expressions of beneficence, where doctors act to promote the welfare of patients.1 Many other moral rules including truth telling, promise keeping, confidentiality, and consent, can be derived from respect for autonomy. An expression of respect for autonomy includes treating people in such a way as to enable them to act autonomously. The new Mental Capacity Act 2005 deals with decisions relating to people who temporarily or permanently lack mental capacity and therefore are unable to act autonomously. Its starting point is that all people have the capacity to make healthcare decisions and their decisions, and more importantly their autonomy, must be respected. It emphasises that unwise decisions do not automatically invalidate autonomous judgements. Respect for autonomy is most evident when unwise or indeed capricious decisions are accepted as valid and binding.


Studies were made to determine conditions for electrochemically generating cerium(IV) with high current efficiency in solutions of sodium perchlorate in acetic acid, and procedures were developed for coulometrically determining reducing substances with the oxidant obtained. Titration end-points were detected using biamperometric and potentiometric methods. The effects of water and acetic anhydride on the current efficiency and end-point detection were studied. The formal redox potential of the cerium(IV)-cerium(III) system changes to more positive values as the concentration of sodium perchlorate in the solution is increased. The effect of perchloric acid is similar but more pronounced. Perchloric acid, when present in the anolyte, also increases the rate of oxidation of test substances with cerium(IV) in acetic acid.


In this work, we present a strategy for obtaining the dynamics of forest above-ground biomass (AGB) at a fine spatial and temporal resolution. Our strategy rests on the assumption that combining estimates of both AGB and carbon fluxes results in a more accurate accounting for biomass than considering only one of the terms since the cumulative carbon flux should be consistent with AGB increments. We estimated forest AGB dynamics by combining two types of models driven by field, remote sensing, and auxiliary data. The strategy was successfully applied to the Qilian Mountains, a cold arid region located in northwest China. In the first step, we improved the efficiency of existing non-parametric methods for estimating forest AGB. We applied the Random Forest (RF) model in order to pre-select the most relevant remotely sensed features in Landsat Thematic Mapper 5 (TM) and ASTER GDEM V2 products (GDEM). These features were further used to construct an optimal configuration for the k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN). Validation using forest measurements from 159 plots and the leave-one-out (LOO) method indicated that the optimal k-NN configuration yielded satisfactory performance (R2 = 0.70 and RMSE = 24.52 tones ha−1). Hence, the k-NN configuration was used to generate a regional forest AGB basis map for 2009. In the second step, we obtained one seasonal cycles (2011) of carbon fluxes using the MODIS MOD_17 GPP (MOD_17) model that was driven by meteorological fields of a numerical weather prediction model (WRF) and calibrated to Eddy Covariance (EC) flux tower data. The calibrated model for 2010_well predicted GPP for 2011 (R2 = 0.88 and RMSE = 5.02 gC m−2 8d−1). In the third step, we calibrated the ecological process model (Biome-BioGeochemical Cycles (Biome-BGC)) to above GPP estimates (for 2011) for 30 representative forest plots over an ecological gradient in order to simulate AGB changes over time. The Biome-BGC outputs of GPP and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) were validated against EC data (R2 = 0.75 and RMSE = 1. 27 gC m−2 d−1 for GPP, and R2 = 0.61 and RMSE = 1.17 gC m−2 d−1 for NEE). We used Biome-BGC to produce a longer time series for net primary productivity (NPP), which, after conversion into AGB increments, were compared to dendrochronological measurements (R2 = 0.73 and RMSE = 46.65 g m−2 year−1). The calibrated Biome-BGC model provided estimates of forest carbon fluxes that were converted into interannual AGB increments according to site-calibrated coefficients. With combination of these increments with the AGB map of 2009, the modeling of forest AGB dynamics was accomplished.


This paper presents a number of case studies to illustrate the principles of machine vibration condition monitoring. The case studies are taken from those encountered in ICI Australia Engineering's mobile vibration laboratory, which regularly visits ICl's manufacturing plants in Sydney. It is shown how various wear patterns influence vibration patterns and how to evaluate them. Some comments on data collection, storage and dissemination are also included.


The operator Riccati equation for the Dirichlet‐to‐Neumann map is derived from the exact operator factorization of the two‐dimensional variable coefficient Helmholtz equation. Numerical schemes are developed for the operator Riccati equation and its variant using a local eigenfunction expansion. This leads to a practical computational method for acoustic wave propagation over large range distances, since the boundary value problem of the Helmholtz equation is reduced to ''initial'' value problems that are solved by marching in the range. The efficiency and accuracy of the method is demonstrated by numerical experiments including the plane‐parallel range‐dependent waveguide benchmark problem proposed by the Acoustical Society of America.


The aim of this project is to develop a simple application for capturing digital photography and its subsequent processing of OCR technologies. The application operates as an alternative for manual rewriting of parts of text from printed data using the keyboard on the screen of the device. It is mainly targeted at short text sections, such as hypertext references and addresses which are hard to be copied and at more excessive texts which would take long to copy. The emphasis is laid on the simple, fast and intuitive manipulation. The end platform is represented by PDA device, more precisely MDA which is based on Windows Mobile operating system.


Studies have shown that the attenuation performance of double hearing protection is limited by bone or tissue conduction. We present the first results of a program to determine the different paths of the sound to the ear when a person is protected by double hearing protection. In order to determine the contribution of the noise signal passing by secondary sound paths (bone or tissue conduction) into the volume of the ear canal behind the earplug, identical tests have been performed on humans and artificial heads. Time delay and attenuation through the hearing protection (NR) were measured on the ipsi‐ and contra‐lateral side of the head. The measurements show differences in time delay and attenuation between artificial heads and humans which indicate that the main transmission mechanism is different. They also give a strong indication that the path of the acoustic signal depends on the angle of arrival when using double HP. This may partly explain the poor sound localization performance when using double ...


The invention relates to a surface error test device of optical aspheric surface and relative method, wherein the invention uses optical image device to image the positive projection profile of work piece; uses optical electric couple device to obtain the picture of said profile; uses digit modeling method to obtain the surface curvature shape, and the error of surface shape and designed curvature. The tested work piece is mounted on the work piece mounting base of optical image device; the optical electric image device is mounted on the optical image device; the image data input port of PC machine is connected to the image data output port of optical electric image device; and the invention has the test software database for obtaining the surface curvature shape and the error between the surface shape and the designed curvature; and the test software database is connected to the PC machine.


In the American Southwest, the 1950s drought caused massive vegetation dieoffs from the lowland deserts well into conifer woodlands of the uplands, resetting demographic clocks and creating disequilibria in carbon and nutrient cycling. Climate reconstructions from tree rings indicate up to 500-year return periods for droughts of similar magnitude. Broadscale mortality of long-lived conifers yielded >100 m elevational shifts in ecotonal boundaries that had been stable for at least 2500 years, according to a high-resolution packrat midden record. The drought also may have accelerated recent invasion of shurblands into grasslands, and the northward and upward expansion of xerophytes such as Larrea tridentata. Long-term monitoring efforts in the Southwest, particularly those contemplated or initiated only recently (e.g., 1988 on the Sevilleta LTER, New Mexico), should consider the imprint of the 1950s drought on present and future vegetation dynamics.


In this work we investigate viral load propagation due to liquid droplets expelled during respiratory actions. We describe a mechanism of the transmission of such evaporating system and analyze dependence on several ambient parameters for different respiratory processes, such as sneezing, coughing and speaking. Our study has found that a significant amount of viral load and droplets from the respiratory fluid might transfer beyond the customary 2m distance, understanding of which might give us a better insight about regulations and risks posed by an infected individual.


Part I: Foundations Introduction Colloidal Particles and Colloidal Suspensions Electrified Interface Sorption onto Colloidal Particles Surface Charge of Colloidal Particles Interparticle Interactions and Colloid Stability Part II: Soil Components Soil Composition and Characterization Silicate-Based Minerals Oxide Minerals Humic Substances Part III: Ion Binding to Soil Colloids Modeling Ion Binding: General Concepts Ion Binding to Minerals: Discrete Site Modeling Ion Binding to Humic Substances: Distributed Site Modeling Ion Binding to Soils Index


As the use of Lithium Ion (Li-Ion) battery is increasing, proper means of increasing the life cycle and reliability of the battery should be adopted. A discussion on the precautions to be carried out while integrating Li-Ion batteries are discussed. A Battery Management System (BMS) is developed to address the unbalance State of Charge (SoC) issue that arise in the battery pack. The proposed algorithm is simulated in MATLAB Simulink. The battery pack used in this simulation is inspired from Tesla. This paper can be used as a tutorial or as a reference for anyone getting started with Li-Ion batteries or battery management systems.


Why has innovation in corporate governance consistently fallen short of expectations? Little progress has been made to improve corporate governance outcomes despite repeated calls for change from a...


We will show that if u0 ∈ Lploc(R) for some constant p > 1, 0 ≤ u0 ≤ (2/β)|x|−2, and u0(x) − (2/β)(|x|2 + k′)−1 ∈ L(R) for some constants β > 0, k′ > 0, then the rescaled function w(x, t) = eu(ex, t) of the solution u of the Ricci flow equation ut = ∆ log u, u > 0, in R × (0, ∞), u(x, 0) = u0(x) in R, will converge to φβ,k0(x) = (2/β)(|x|2 + k0)−1 in L(R) as t → ∞ where k0 > 0 is a constant chosen such that ∫ R2 (u0 − φβ,k0)dx = 0. Moreover if u0 satisfies in addition the condition φβ,k1 ≤ u0 ≤ φβ,k2 for some constants k1 > 0, k2 > 0, then w will converge uniformly to φβ,k0 on every compact subset of R as t → ∞.


Automatic generation control (AGC) unit dispatch is an important research content in auxiliary service of electricity market. Owing to the close relation between AGC service and active energy, how to consider the coordination of AGC service with active power in electricity market is worthy to research. For this purpose, the model of joint dispatching of AGC and active power market and the model of sequential dispatching of AGC and active power market are respectively built to make the cost for purchasing AGC service and active power minimum. Genetic algorithm (GA) is used to solve the two models, and the similarities and differences of the two dispatching methods are compared, meanwhile the impact generation suppliers' bidding strategy on the two dispatching methods is taken into account.


Objective
To analyze the risk factors associated with acute type A aortic dissection, and to establish an effective predictive scoring model for early clinical intervention.

Methods
A retrospective review of 200 patients diagnosed as acute type A aortic dissection in the Department of Emergency, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital between April 1, 2012 and March 31, 2017 was conducted as a modeling group. There were 160 males and 40 females with age of (53.30 ±13.19) years. According to the criteria of dissection rupture within 72 h after CTA examination, patients were divided into a rupture group (100 cases) and an unruptured group (100 cases). A prediction model of rupture risk was established based on the multivariate Logistic regression analysis of the risk factors of acute A-type aortic dissection in the early stage. After the establishment of the model, a prospective review of 80 patients diagnosed as acute type A aortic dissection in our hospital between April 1, 2017 and May 31, 2018 was conducted as a validation group. There were 57 males and 23 females with age of (54.00 ±13.68) years. In the validation group, there were 53 patients with rupture and 27 patients without rupture. Furthermore, this model was verified in the validation group. The scores were divided into low-risk rupture and high-risk rupture according to the best cut-off value of the receiver operating model curve of the modeling group.

Results
Logistic regression analysis showed that 10 factors were finally established the rupture risk prediction score model. The factors were as following: age >63 years (2 points), women (2 points), ventilator assisted ventilation (3 points), AST >80 U/L (2 points), no distortion of the inner membrane (2 points), diameter of the aortic sinus >41 mm (1 point), maximum diameter of the ascending aorta >48 mm (1 point), ratio of false lumen area to true lumen area >2.12 (2 points), Lac >1.9 mmol/L (3 points), and WBC >14.2×109 /L (1 point). The results of validation showed that the scoring model had a high predictive value (AUC = 0.928, 95% CI: 0.872-0.984, P < 0.001) and goodness of fit (Hosmer-Lemeshow χ2 = 8.331, P = 0.402). Moreover, the scoring model was further divided into low-risk (0-6 points) and high-risk (7-19 points), with sensitivity of 83.0% and specificity of 86.0%.

Conclusions
The predictive model of dissection risk in the acute type A aortic dissection constructed within 72 h after CTA is helpful for the evaluation of the disease and early intervention, and has certain clinical application value.

Key words:
aortic dissection; rupture; risk factors; risk score; model


In this note we clarify the dictionary between pure quantum gravity on the bulk in the presence of a cosmological constant and a CFT on the boundary. We show for instance that there is a general correspondence between quantum gravity "radial states" and a pair of CFT's. Restricting to one CFT is argued to correspond to states possessing an asymptotic infinity. This point of view allows us to address the problem of reconstructing the bulk from the boundary. And in the second part of this paper we present an explicit formula which gives, from the partition function of any 2 dimensional conformal field theory, a wave functional solution to the 3-dimensional Wheeler-DeWitt equation. This establishes at the quantum level a precise dictionary between 2d CFT and pure gravity.


Cervical cancer is the second most common cause of cancer in females worldwide. Out of which, nearly 85% of the cervical cancer cases are diagnosed in developing countries. In India, Cervical cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer among women. In 2010 approximately 74,000 new cases of cervical cancer were diagnosed in India. Out of these, 38% Women were in the reproductive age group (15-49 years), indicates involvement of relatively younger population. In 1980, the mortality rate was 37 per 1000 new cases and in 2010, the morality rate was 32 per 1000 new cases, so there was hardly any improvement in two decades. In majority of cases, high mortality rates are because of late diagnosis of the disease or diagnosis at an advanced stage. According to a study nearly 70% of all cervical cancer cases in India are being diagnosed at an advanced stage (stage III or IV).


The patient was a 64 years old woman, who had no smoking
history and no family history of tumor. The blood CEA 304ng/
ml was found in the January 2014 physical examination.


Reproductive biologists focusing on the germ line have pursued reconstituting phases and events of this cycle in vitro as a way to advance our understanding of this unique and critical development stage. This has culminated in a grand achievement: reconstitution of the female germ line's entire cycle in vitro. Hikabe et al. [1] accomplished this feat by dividing the process of oogenesis into sections, at which point investigators tested the cells to measure progress against in vivo statistics. They began by differentiating mouse pluripotent stem cells from a female embryonic stem cell (ESC) line termed BVSCH18 into primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs). The aggregates, or reconstituted ovaries (rOvaries), were cultured and observed. During Days Five through Nine, clusters of PGCLCs formed and then fragmented. After eleven days, follicles formed. However, unlike in in vivo development, the in vitro culture yielded a surplus of secondary follicle-like structures (2FLs) after three weeks, indicating vigorous development of primary oocytes. Other differences emerged: in spite of culture with in vitro growth medium, granulosa cell layer development was restricted in 2FLs. Suspecting faulty signaling or lack of space, investigators separated 2FLs from rOvaries, which successfully increased granulosa cell proliferation and cumulus-oocyte complex formation. Oocytes within 2FLs developed into germinal vesicle oocytes at an average rate of 55.1 fully grown oocytes per rOvary. RNA sequencing was used to compare global transcription dynamics of in vitro and in vivo oogenesis. Findings showed consistently similar levels between the two, indicating success of oocyte-specific regulation in culture. The few changes that did arise were traced back to differentially expressed genes that could be signs of compromised oocyte growth during development and maturation culturing. The capability of these oocytes to develop into healthy offspring was a major test. After in vitro fertilization, two-cell embryos were transferred into pseudopregnant mice. Out of 316 embryos, 11 viable pups were delivered with colored eyes, the mark of BVSCH18 ESC-derived oocytes. These pups and their placentas were heavier than those of wild-type mice, though investigators suspect this may have been due to fewer pups in the uterine horn. These pups were healthy, with fertility sustained in both males and females. To complete the germline cycle, investigators developed ESCs from blastocysts of in vitro-generated oocytes, giving rise to lines designated reconstituted ESCs (rESCs). With this final step, Hikabe et al. had completely reconstituted the female germ line—creating a platform to study gene functions underlying oogenesis more broadly, which may lead to related breakthroughs in other species.


Celiac artery compression syndrome is rare. The differential diagnosis and the choice of therapeutic intervention in this syndrome are controversial. Herein, we report of a case of celiac artery compression syndrome and concomitant coronary artery disease and discus differential diagnosis and treatment strategies.


This paper shows how to apply the Viterbi algorithm to detect randomly located impulses which have Gaussian distributed amplitudes. Our detector can deal with cases of severely overlapping wavelets. Experimental results and comparisons to Kormylo and Mendel's [12] single-most-likely-replacement detector are provided, using synthetic data.


The object of this article is to examine and evaluate the Fishermen's Protective Act, as reflecting the legal strategy of the United States in one particular area of its foreign relations law of importance to both the law of the sea and the law of international claims.


Purpose of review Cancer-associated fibroblasts/myofibroblasts and inflammatory cells produce a vast array of growth factors, chemokines and extracellular matrix (ECM) components that facilitate cancer progression, invasion/metastasis and neovascularization. This review highlights some surprisingly novel mechanisms of this paracrine relationship. Recent findings Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are known for their tropism towards certain tumours, but now we find that cross-talk between tumours and MSCs leads to greater tumour motility and metastasis. Two closely related populations of immature myeloid cells, so-called 'cap cells' and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) also cross-talk with tumour cells, promoting invasion and metastasis through matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) secretion, as well as contributing to neovascularization and T-cell tolerance. The contribution of bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) to tumour neovascularization is controversial, but BMD – endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) – are strongly implicated in the angiogenic switch in a mouse model. BMDCs are also credited with the creation of premetastatic niches to which metastatic cells adhere via integrins. Summary There is no doubt that BMDCs are not simply bystanders in the tumour battleground. The mechanisms through which they aid tumour progression are numerous; effective treatments that combat BMDC–tumour cross-talk are surely on the way.


Auroral substorm onset locations are highly unpredictable. Previous studies have shown that the By component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) explains ∼5% of the variation in onset magnetic local time (MLT), while solar wind conditions and the other IMF components have even less explanatory power. In this study, we show that the level of geomagnetic activity before substorm onset, as indicated by the AL index, explains an additional ∼5% of the variation in onset MLT. We discuss our results with regard to recent modeling studies, which show that gradients in the ionospheric Hall conductance can lead to a duskward shift of the magnetotail dynamics. Our findings suggest that this magnetosphere‐ionosphere coupling effect may also influence the location of substorm onsets.


Novel macrocyclic ligands modified with pendant arms, N, N', N'', N'', N'''-hexakis(2-aminoethyl)-1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16-hexaazacyclootadecane [La₃, Fig.1] and 1, 4, 7-tris(3-(o-hydroxyphenyl)propyl)-1, 4 ,7-triazacyclononane [L₄, Fig.1] have been synthesized, and the protonation of L₃and L₄and stability constants of L₃with bivalent transition metal ions and rare earth metal ions were determined by a potentiometry. The obtained results show that the complex formation of L₃depends on the metal ligand ratios, and the stability of the metal complexes does not depend on the sizes of the metal ions, but on the nature of the metal ions. The structures of the rare earth complexes for L₄were characterized by an X-ray absorption spectrometry(XAFS).


Design and preferences of the low ripple and fast response filter are discussed,which can restrict the resonance peak value,accelerate the transfer speed and maintain the steady filtering consequence.The influence of partial element decay on the filter's transfer characteristic was analyzed and a design method was presented to enhance the filter's transfer speed.Appropriate partial component dissipation was adopted and the decay pole near the harmonics frequency was made to achieve reasonable filtering result.A way to determine the order of Chebyshev DC filter was presented.Simulations and tests results prove that the filter possesses merits of low resonance value,fast converse ability and excellent filtering effect.


We have performed smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations for the response of the gaseous disk to the imposed moderately strong nonaxisymmetric potentials. The model galaxies are composed of the three stellar components (disk, bulge and bar) and two dark ones (supermassive black hole and halo) whose gravitational potentials are assumed to be invariant in time in the frame corotating with the bar. We found that the torques alone generated by the moderately strong bar that gives the maximum of tangential-to-radial force ratio as (FTan/FRad)max = 0.3 are not sufficient to drive the gas particles close to the center due to the barrier imposed by the inner Lindblad resonances (ILRs). In order to transport the gas particles towards the nucleus (r < 100 pc), a central supermassive black hole (SMBH) and high sound speed of the gas are required to be present. The former is required to remove the inner inner Lindblad resonance (IILR) that prevents gas inflow close to the nucleus, while the latter provides favourable conditions for the gas particles to lose their angular momentum and to spiral in. Our models that have no IILR show the trailing nuclear spirals whose innermost parts reach close to the center in a curling way when the gas sound speed is cs & 15 km s . They resemble the symmetric two-armed nuclear spirals observed in the central kiloparsec of spiral galaxies. We found that the symmetric two-armed nuclear spirals are formed by the hydrodynamic spiral shocks caused by the gravitational torque of the bar in the presence of a central SMBH that can remove IILR when the sound speed of gas is high enough to drive a large amount of gas inflow deep inside the ILR. However, the detailed morphology of nuclear spirals depends on the sound speed of gas. Subject headings: galaxies: evolution — galaxies: nuclei — galaxies: spiral — methods: numerical — galaxies: kinematics and dynamics — galaxies: structure


There was undertaking a study on model oil-contaminated water treatment by filtering on laboratory bed filter using of expanded perlite bed. There was determinate liquid resistance of sorbent layer, examine temperature influence of model waste water on filtering process, when using expanded perlite's bed. There was specified optimum height of perlite's filtration bed.


THE Van Alstyne Picture Vocabulary Test was revised in 1961 with a norming population of about 400 children (nearly 100 six-year-olds) from Connecticut, Florida, and school groups from New York City. Only limited information concerning these children was available from the references (Van Alstyne, 1961; Bligh, 1959) ; i.e., the mean IQ scores for the six-year-olds ranged from 100.3 (Lorge-Thorndike) to 108.0 (Columbia Mental Maturity Scale). Therefore, it must be assumed that these children approximated typical average Americans. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to describe the results of the revised Van Alstyne Picture Vocabulary Test given to two large groups of six-year-old Mexican-American school children in Tucson, Arizona. The two groups of subjects were attending poverty qualifying schools in Tucson School District No. 1. They were tested in 1965 and 1966, respectively, as part of a larger study in Early Childhood Education conducted jointly by Tucson School District No. 1 and the University of Arizona. The Van Alstyne test was chosen to measure the intelligence of these culturally disadvantaged children primarily because it discriminated well among the children along the low end of the scale, and it was also easy and quick to administer (15 minutes per