The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between psychosociocultural factors and dental malocclusion, facial appearance, and body perception.

The study was carried out with the participation of 112 female and 113 male individuals between the ages of 18 and 25. Individuals were asked to answer the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Physical Appearance Comparison Scale Revised, and Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire 4-Revised questionnaires. Individuals were divided into three groups Class I, Class II, and Class III according to dental molar relationships. Standard facial and profile photographs of individuals in all groups were taken and soft-tissue measurements were performed.

There was no significant psychosociocultural difference between male and female individuals. However, individuals with Class III dental malocclusion compare their physical appearance more than other malocclusion groups and more experience body dissatisfaction (P > 0.05). Individuals with Class III dental malocclusion have higher lower face height, lower lip height, mentolabial angle, facial convexity angle, total facial convexity angle values, and lower forehead height/lower face height, nose height/lower face height ratio, and projection of the upper lip relative to the chin. Individuals with Class II dental malocclusion have lower chin height and anterior mandibular height/lower face height ratio, higher upper lip height/lower face height ratio, and upper lip height/anterior mandibular height ratio. Individuals with Class I dental malocclusion have a lower upper face height/lower face height ratio.

Dental malocclusion groups have different facial soft tissue properties. Dental malocclusion and the facial appearance of individuals affect their lives in terms of psychosociocultural aspects.


"Art," quips Hugh Kenner in A Homemade World (1975) "lifts the saying out of the zone of things said" (HW, 60). The reference is to William Carlos Williams's poems, such as "The Red Wheelbarrow," that do not seem to "say" anything profound and yet are brilliantly articulated. It is a notion close to Wittgenstein's adage "that a poem, although it is composed in the language of information, is not used in the language-game of giving information."1 Kenner's emphasis on the how rather than the what has sometimes led critics to confuse him with the New Critics. But Kenner, who studied at Yale under Cleanth Brooks, had little truck with New Critical doctrine, which was, for his taste, excessively thematic and figural. The New Critic tracked a given poem's unifying metaphor or paradox—for example, the comparison of lovers to saints in Donne's "Canonization." Kenner, by contrast, never focused on what Reuben Brower called the "key design" or "the aura around a bright clear centre";2 he looked, not for centeredness but for difference. What makes Beckett's syntax unique and different from Joyce's? How did Pound's annotation of Eliot's Waste Land transform that particular poem? How did the language of the turn of the century popular magazine Tit-Bits differ from the representation of Gerty McDowell's seemingly similar maudlin kitsch language in Ulysses? The ethos that animates such questions is hard to characterize. You will not find Kenner's name in the endless handbooks of literary theory and criticism that have sections on formalism,


The compounds, compositions and methods of the invention are useful for the treatment of diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. The method of the present invention comprises administering to a mammal a composition comprising a sufficient amount of pyrimidine nucleotide precursor to treat a symptom resulting from a defect in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Pyrimidine, mitochondria, uridine, cytidine, respiratory chain


A family of leaf-shaped lanthanide metal–organic coordination polymers, Tb2−xEux(BDC)3(H2O)n (0 ≤ x ≤ 2, BDC = 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate), was prepared through a surfactant-assisted one step method at room temperature, which showed tunable fluorescence emission and smart response toward aldehydes.


Surveyor is a mobile highway data collection system designed to collect measurement data about objects, features, structures, and landmarks located along highways and roadways for highway planning, management, and maintenance. It creates classified inventories annotated with object dimensions, object position relative to the road, and global position reference. The mobile data collection part of the system consists of a high-speed multifunction vehicle with minimum complement of a right-of-way video system with a precisely calibrated high-resolution video camera, a distance-measuring instrument for spatial positioning, a gyroscopic geometries system, and an ultrasonic grade system for precise measurement of vehicle attitude. Data acquisition is facilitated by multiple on-board computers, and the right-of-way video uses a time code for synchronization to the geometric and position databases. The interactive (postprocessing) part of the system uses a workstation to retrieve and buffer the video for the user to identify targets by using point and click with a mouse, to classify them, and to request position or size measurements. The software can make measurements on multiple images by using triangulation or on single images by using the idealized plane of the highway as a reference.


People of North Cameroon must look for water at great distances from their homes during the dry season of the year. To provide water closer to villages series of internationally and bilaterally financed dams are being built to impound water in reservoirs. The Ministry of Health of the Government of the Republic of Cameroon is concerned that the dams do not increase health problems. One concern is the control of cercariae of human schistosomes. This paper reports on the literature survey on past filtration studies, presents data on filtration experiments, and gives design parameters for slow sand filtration plants to be built in North Cameroon.


Transmission properties of soliton system influenced jointly by stochastic variation of fiber parameters, ASE noise of amplifiers and interaction between neighboring solitons are considered in this paper. It is shown that stochastic variation of fiber parameters can change only the amplitude and energy of solitons when it exists alone in system and the arrival time jitter can be denied. However, when it exists with ASE noise and interaction, arrival time jitter of soliton becomes serious. It is proven that the jitter can be suppressed by filters.


The effects of timber-cutting on sediment concentrations, soil loss and overland flow in an insigne pine (Pinus radiata) plantation were studied in a mountain watershed of the Cordillera de la Costa, central Chile. Soil formation rates for the lithological conditions of the watershed were estimated. Soil loss measurements on the plantation were taken in 100 m 2 plots, equipped with Coshocton samplers, during the years 1991 and 1992. Treatments were: clear-cutting no residues/burned, clear-cutting with residues and undisturbed controls. First-year soil losses were greater from the no residues/burned (2129 kg ha −1 ) than from the residues (1219 kg ha −1 ) or undisturbed (48 kg ha −1 ) plots. During the second post-treatment year, soil loss was greater from the burned plots (1349 kg ha −1 ) than from the residues (243 kg ha −1 ) or the undisturbed (72 kg ha −1 ) plots. Sediment concentrations for the three treatments were 561, 340 and 59 mg l −1 during the first year, and 400, 150 and 83 mg l −1 in the second year. Runoff from the no residues/burned plots was greater than from residues or undisturbed plots during the two post-treatment years. Long-term soil losses were projected to average 240 kg ha −1 yr −1 from areas without residues/ burned and 120 kg ha −1 yr −1 in areas with residues treatment, over a 25 year rotation period, whereas control areas were projected to average 60 kg ha −1 yr −1


This article discusses the relationship between ancient Chinese view of nature and architecture, several reasons of architecture deviating from ecology in contemporary China, and prospect of future China style architecture.


At least four wars – First and Second World Wars, t he Cold War and the recent global 'war on terrorism' – have sought justifications for 'security'. Still the term security remains unexplained to a satisfactory level. Securi ty as a concept has been more neglected, abused, and misused than used and explai ned. Even to say that the term security is contested could itself be put to contes tation; such has been the misery with the concept of security so far.


The majority of new satellites generate electrical power using photovoltaic solar arrays and store energy in batteries for use during eclipse periods. Careful regulation of battery charging during insolation can greatly increase the expected lifetime of the satellite. The battery charge regulator is usually custom designed for each satellite and its specific mission. Economic competition in the small satellite market requires battery charge regulators that are lightweight, efficient, inexpensive, and modular enough to be used in a wide variety of satellites. A new battery charge regulator topology has been developed at the NASA Lewis Research Center to address these needs. The new regulator topology uses industry-standard dc-dc converters and a unique interconnection to provide size, weight, efficiency, fault tolerance, and modularity benefits over existing systems. A transformer-isolated buck converter is connected such that the high input line is connected in series with the output. This "bypass connection" biases the converter's output onto the solar array voltage. Because of this biasing, the converter only processes the fraction of power necessary to charge the battery above the solar array voltage. Likewise, the same converter hookup can be used to regulate the battery output to the spacecraft power bus with similar fractional power processing.


Objective To summarize the relation between infection and acute cerebral infarction and the nature of carotid plaques. Methods In this study, 258 patients with acute cerebral infarction who were admitted to our hospital between October 2010 and December 2012 were assigned to the observation group, and other 149 patients without acute cerebral infarction in our hospital in the same period were assigned to the control group randomly. The infection rate, infection location, and the nature of carotid plaques were recorded. Results The study showed that in risk factors for stroke, smoking accounted for 23.26%, hypertension for 1.16%, hyperlipidemia for 11.24%, coronary heart disease for 13.57%, diabetes for29.07% and transient ischemic for 6.20%, and there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P0.05).Conclusion Recent infection has become an important risk factor for acute cerebral infarction and carotid atherosclerotic plaques.


38:51 Comparative Media History: An Introduction, 1789 to the Present by Jane Chapman (Cambridge, England: Polity Press [dist. by Blackwell], 2005—$62.95/24.95, ISBN 0-7456-3242-4, 302 pp., photos, notes, references/bibliography, index) compares developments and influences from a broad perspective, highlighting and contrasting different countries, industries and periods of history in order to better understand cause and effect. Chapman (principal lecturer in journalism at the University of Lincoln) argues that most of the roots of today's media—even the globalizing impulse—lie in the late 18th and 19th centuries. The book appears in four main parts. Antecedents, continuities and discontinuities reviews the changing role of the press from 1789 to 1847, largely in Europe, and the focusing of political communication and the newspaper business from 1848 to 1881. Popularization, industrialization and the triumph of technology covers through World War I including commercialization and consumerism, and new forms of communication (e.g., telegraphy) and the globalization process. Discovery and exploitation of the masses formula, 1918–1947 reviews the business and ideology of mass culture before World War II, and the media during and immediately after that war. Finally, the global age, 1948—2002 brings the story up to date by discussing the victory of commercialism in the Cold War (to 1980), and continuity and change since 1980. Chapman's book emphasizes continuity and decisive factors such as the social use of technology, the character of the institutions in which it is applied and the political approach of the various countries involved. The comparative element to this text, both across countries and industries, is intended to enable students to reflect on key issues in media studies, including those of diversity, form, method and choice, both past and present. In all, we learn about seven media industries as developed across five industrial nations. Interesting approach to the subject matter–take a look at this one. (Chris Sterling)


In this work we report the synthesis, characterization and investigation of the catalytic activity of layered copper(II), manganese(II), lanthanum(III) and nickel(II) laurates in the methyl and ethyl esterification reactions of lauric acid. In the methyl esterification, conversions between 80 and 90% were observed for all catalysts, while for the ethyl esterification only manganese laurate showed reasonable catalytic activity, with conversions close to 75%. Reuse of copper and lanthanum laurates in three cycles of reaction was also investigated and both catalysts preserved the structure and retained catalytic activity close to that observed for the first reaction cycle.


Malonylated anthocyanin was isolated from the receptacle of 3 Japanese strawberries. The chemical structure was identified to be pelargonidin 3-O-(6-O-malonyl-β-D-glucoside) (1) mainly by 1HNMR and FABMS. The anthocyanin content was about 30, 25, and 12% of total anthocyanins in Fragaria x ananassa Ouch. cv. Nyoho, F. ananassa Ouch. cv. Himesodachi and F. ananassa Ouch. cv. Reiko, respectively. On the other hand, the cultivars Toyonoka and Ai-berry did not contain 1 at all.


Included in the 2001 annual bibliography update is a select list of recent books and articles, each with a publisher's date of either 2000 or 2001. For an annotated list of selected books and articles published between 1998 and 2000, see the June 1999 and June 2000 issues of Computers and Society; and for a comprehensive list of books and articles published before 1997, see my Computing, ethics, and social responsiblity: a bibliography (available at http://cyberethics.cbi.msstate.edu/biblio).


With the investigating authority start to evaluate effects of Anti-dumping in our country, people find that evaluating remedy effects is not a piece of cake. Because of the complexity of the problem, there is no rational method at present. To solve the problem, a model called ENCME is constructed in this paper. As well, through using this model, we find a feasible method to evaluate remedy effects, and use this method in one real case.


Consensus in the use of medicinal plants is one of the criteria to find the potential medicinal plants for further in-depth investigation. The present study was conducted with the aim to determine the people consensus in the use of medicinal plants in Thakurgaon district. Data of medicinal plants were recorded using key informant interviews, semi structured interviews and group discussion. A total of 102 medicinal plant species under 49 families with 185 formularies to treat 54 ailments were recorded from the study area. The most frequently utilized plant species are trees (38%) followed by herbs (34%), shrubs (18%) and climbers (10%). The major part used for medicines was leaf. Oral consumption was the main mode of treatment in the study area followed by external application. The top Fic value was obtained in case of heart diseases (0.92). The most cited species used to treat this ailment was Allium sativum, Phyllanthus emblica, Spondias pinnata and Terminalia arjuna. The second highest Fic value was found in respiratory disorders (0.89) followed by cuts and wounds (0.85), skin diseases (0.84) and gastrointestinal disorders (0.81). In case of Fl value, Allium sativum, Spondias pinnata, Cynodon dactylon, Lawsonia inermis, Zingiber officinale, Saccharum officinarum, Tagetes erecta and Baccaurea ramiflora were showed 100%. The species of higher citation frequency were Allium sativum, Phyllanthus emblica, Spondias pinnata, Terminalia arjuna, Cynodon dactylon and Ocimum sanctum. This study recommends that the species which showed high Fic, Fl, Cf values could be used for further phytochemical analysis to investigate active compounds for the discovery of new drugs from medicinal plants.
Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 29(2): 345-360, 2022 (December)


In the long Precambrian,there are several problems like the enigmas such as the growth mechanism of stromatolites,the origin of molar-tooth structures,the forming mechanism of dolomites and the biological ascription of algae megafossils.Megascopic algae are also nominated as the cell-prothalli plant.Both the megascopic algae and the cell-prothalli plant are the temporary-pseudo denomination.Thus,studies on the algae megafossils are very important for the research on the origin and the systematic evolution of the metaphyte as well for stratigraphic correlation of the Precambrian strata.Algae megafossils refer to those fossils of the low-grade plant that can be seen by the naked eyes.Because of the absence of modern analogy,the confirming of the biological classified location and attribution of megascopic algae of the Precambrian is very difficult and is highly contentious,which results in a Precambrian enigma.Algae megafossils in beds of the leiolite limestones of the third member of Mesoproterozoic Gaoyuzhuang Formation at the Jixian section are particularly characterized by the three-dimensional fossils and are frequently parageneic with the molar-tooth structures whose origin is also highly contentious.These three-dimensional fossils can be grouped into several genuses,i.e.the spheroidal or sub-spheoidal category of the Genus Chuaria,the ellipsoidal category of the Genus Shouhsienia,the beanpod-shaped category of the Genus Phascolites and the ribbon-or vein-shaped category of the Genus Tawuia,and all of them make up an assemblage of the Chuaria-Shouhsienia.These algae megafossils can still interpret the sprereoidal molar-tooth structure.Several features of algae megafossils,such as the older forming duration that is more than 1,500 Ma,the paragenesis with the molar-tooth structure,the regular shape of three-dimensional fossils and the possibly celluar microstructure,show a strong difference from both microspars filling the molar-tooth cracks and carbonaceous compression.Thus,these megafossils of algae are not the molar-tooth structures.Further,both the silication in the central part and the calcification in the marginal part make these possible three-dimensional algae megafossils become strong different from those common concretions,such as lime,chert,tuff concretions or gas-bubble structure.The forming age of algae megafossils from the Gaoyuzhuang Formation at the Jixian section is older than that of three-dimensional algae megafossils from the Little Dal Group in Canada reported by H.J.Hofmann in 1984,and these algae megafossils are possibly the oldest three-dimensional algae megafossils.Ultimately,the three-dimensional algae megafossils in the molar-tooth limestone provide insights to ponder some enigmatic problems of the Precambrian.


Abstract A finite-volume method solves the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations in conjunction with the ĸ-ε turbulence model to simulate resistance and propulsion tests. The free surface is calculated through an iterative steady-state, marching algorithm. An actuator disk is employed to model the propeller operation. Calculations for Series-60, CB = 0.6 hull at both model and full scale investigate the trends of the resistance and propulsive characteristics


Many engineering problems can be cast as uncertain convex optimization problems with convex constraints. Although the robust approach and the chance-constrained approach have been introduced, both of them may lead to computationally intractable problems. A computationally tractable randomized approach was proposed recently which resulted in an approximation of original problem and a random solution depending on the random samples. In this paper, a quasi-sampled program is presented which not only inherits the merits of the randomized approach but also obtains a determined solution. Some numerical examples demonstrate the good performance, such as exactness and lower violation probability, of the proposed method.


Based on a novel, "spoked-ring" active microcavity, we demonstrate optical modulators in an unmodified 45nm SOI CMOS process at 5Gbps with <;5fJ/bit energy consumption; and filters with record thermal tuning efficiency of 2μW/GHz.


The purpose of this study was to find housing aspiration and relations to the importance of 'Urban-life Housing' environment. Social survey research using questionnaire was conducted from November 13th to 27th, 100 questionnaires were collected from university students living in Seoul and Metropolitan area. SPSS PASW 18.0 program was used for statistical analysis. Major findings were as follows : 1) privacy and security as a housing aspiration is the highest, but housing environment became worse and safety became decrease because of the partition coused by synaptic development to avoid current housing law. This showed the seriousness of the urban housing problem. 2) the most preferred tenureship was Chonsei and level of housing aspiration was increased in proportion to income. More economic and convenient studio type housing was needed for university students due to their low income. 3) distance to education and health care facilities were important. because these were essential facilities to daily life.


Review(s) of: Understanding Environmental Health: How We Live in the World, by Nancy Irwin Maxwell, Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2009, 378 pages, ISBN-13 978-0-7637-3318-6, $135.00, Available from: Elsevier Australia.


This paper explores a new generation database i.e. cache database. Cache is a new generation of ultra-highperformance database technology. It combines an object database, high-performance SQL, and powerful multidimensional data access – all of which can simultaneously access the same data. Data is only described once in a single integrated data dictionary and is instantly available using all access methods. Cache provides levels of performance, scalability, rapid programming, and ease of use unattainable by relational technology. The objective of this paper is to discuss features & benefits of cache database.


Considering the character of Kalman filter's bad real time when system step is high, multi-layer BP neural network is applied to transfer alignment of carrier aircraft's INS. Training the sample of the input and output of Kalman filter, the output of neural network was obtained, and the function of estimation of transfer alignment in the INS was realized. Simulation results show that with the application of BP neural network in transfer alignment, not only get the precision similar to Kalman filter, but only reduce calculating time of system efficiently and raise the quality of real time.


might now spend summers digging wells in Central America: they were the human face of informal empire' (298). Jasanoff repeatedly demonstrates her impressive ability to draw broader trends out of specific, often superficially eccentric, details, events, and lives. She has studied all the sales of Indian and Egyptian art at Christie's auction house in London, from its founding in 1766 up to 1835. This research enables her to inventory many of the collections she discusses, and also gauge the value that other Europeans put on the accumulated property of these European collectors. She concludes, however, that all collections, be they artistic or imperial, contain the seeds of their own destruction. Jasanoff writes in a highly engaging style. She skilfully draws the reader into the world and ambitions of each of her main subjects. General readers will appreciate the openness of her approach and the clarity of her argumentation. Scholars will find accounts of men and events, some of which may already be familiar to them, presented in a new and insightful light, along with linkages, incidents, and people that she asserts have been hitherto 'undeservedly sidelined by imperial historians' (153). Her 'plea for bringing a human dimension to imperial history' (12) thus is largely fulfilled in her book, especially for a particular class of collectors.


As the XML functional dependency and multi-valued dependency impact on the normalization design of semi-structured data, definitions of XML functional dependency, XML multi-valued dependency, path dependency base and the minimal dependency set are given in this paper. Algorithms for minimal dependency set and membership with path expression based on the coexistence of XFD and XMVD are then proposed. Finally, the correctness and termination of these algorithms are proved, and their time complexities are analyzed as well.


Horizontal Wells are often used to develop condensate gas reservoirs. When there is edge water in the gas reservoir, it will have a negative impact on the production of natural gas. Therefore, reasonable prediction of its water breakthrough time is of great significance for the efficient development of condensate gas reservoirs.At present, the prediction model of water breakthrough time in horizontal Wells of condensate gas reservoir is not perfect, and there are mainly problems such as incomplete consideration of retrograde condensate pollution and inaccurate determination of horizontal well seepage model. Based on the ellipsoidal horizontal well seepage model, considering the advance of edge water to the bottom of the well and condensate oil to formation, the advance of edge water is divided into two processes. The time when the first water molecule reaches the bottom of the well when the edge water tongue enters is deduced, that is, the time of edge water breakthrough in condensate gas reservoir.The calculation results show that the relative error of water breakthrough time considering retrograde condensate pollution is less than that without consideration, with a higher accuracy. The example error is less than 2%, which can be effectively applied to the development of edge water gas reservoir.


Modern airplanes like the sweepable-wing combat aircraft Tornado are using sophisticated power control and automatic control systems, which basically are designed to maneuver the aircraft and to provide sufficient damping for the rigid body modes. Since the sensors are attached to a flexible structure, motions of the elastic aircraft also are picked up and may be modified by the system. In order to avoid instabilities it is necessary to predict the response of the airplane with the control system and to correlate with test data. An analytical approach for the complete system including unsteady aerodynamic forces is presented. The elastic structure is described by normal modes which have been modified by results of a ground resonance survey. Results of openand closed-loop calculations are demonstrated in Nyquist and common flutter plots and compared with test data.


This paper presents a seven-step pedagogical model for introducing 3D printing technology to students with different levels of technological literacy in a freshman level course. The model was derived from a classic instructional design theory on the development of intellectual skills, the Conditions of Learning, with consideration of the technical requirements of 3D printers. It aimed to tackle the practical problems arose when course instructors adopted 3D printing as learning activities in classes, such as the diversity of students' technical backgrounds, the low throughput of 3D printers and the difficulty in integrating 3D printing into learning task. The model was piloted for two years in a General Education course under the engineering domain that opened to all freshmen. Most of the students had no prior experience in 3D printing and all of them agreed that they have had a good understanding of the technology after completed the course. They reported that the learning task supported the development of their innovative ideas and enhanced their learning motivations. However, their perceptions of the workload vary.


As an important form of clean energy generation that provides continuous and stable power generation and is grid-friendly, concentrated solar power (CSP) has been developing rapidly in recent years. It is expected that CSP, together with wind and solar photovoltaic, will constitute a stable, high percentage of renewable energy generation system that will be price-competitive with conventional energy sources. In this study, a dynamic programming approach based on minimum cost was used to explore the optimal development path of CSP generation in China by 2050. A learning curve model and a technology diffusion model were used as constraints. The impact of factors such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth, incentive policies, technological advances, grid absorptive capacity, and emission regulation schemes on the development of CSP generation was discussed in the context of sensitivity analysis and scenario comparison. This study has reached the following conclusions: 1) the government cannot achieve the target for cumulative installed capacity in 2050. Considering the interaction of relevant factors, the target would be hard to achieve even under favorable conditions; 2) as a key factor affecting the development of CSP, the incentive policy is closely related to construction cost. It is noteworthy that although the target can be achieved with a higher investment ratio, the CSP industry has failed to create a good ecological environment in the early stage of development; 3) GDP growth and learning rate are important factors influencing the development path in later stages; and 4) although they operate as potential factors affecting construction costs, grid absorptive capacity and carbon permit prices have limited impact on the development of CSP generation.


Ambiguity refers to situations where the probability of an event cannot be objectively determined. Reasons for ambiguity include a lack of useful historical data or a general disagreement among "experts" on what the precise probability of an event is. Ambiguity aversion is defined as an aversion to any mean-preserving spread in the probability space. Using the Smooth Ambiguity Model proposed by Klibanoff, Marinacci and Mukerji (2005), we show that ambiguity aversion results in a reduction in the proportion of insurance coverage offered by an insurer. This is because an ambiguity averse insurer calculates expected utilities by using a "distorted" probability that raises the marginal disutility of wealth in the loss state. We also show that, in general, an ambiguity averse insurer will not offer more coverage to wealthier agents. Wealthier agents enjoy more coverage when the subjective average probability of loss is significantly high. Our results go a long way in reconciling theoretical models of insurance under ambiguity with the empirical finding that insurers are sensitive to ambiguity.


Objective: To assess the views and practice of anecdotal record use among nursing faculty in clinical supervision and associate the views and practice with demographic variables of faculty. Material and method: A cross sectional descriptive study was done among 84 nursing faculty recruited through non-probability purposive sampling technique. The data was collected using semi-structured self-administered questionnaire. Result: The study findings showed that majority of the faculty were uncertain about importance of anecdotal record to be maintained during clinical supervision and it is not commonly practiced in educational institution. The faculty expressed that it is time consuming and the institutions are not making it compulsory to be maintained. Conclusion: Anecdotal record maintained by nursing faculty during clinical supervision provides cumulative information on student learning and direction for further instruction in the. clinical areas.


Alkenyl succinic anhydride or acid is produced by reacting at elevated temperature an olefinic hydrocarbon having at least 5 carbon atoms, e. g. polyisobutene, with maleic anhydride or maleic acid in the presence of metallic copper or a copper compound, such as a copper halide, as a resin-forming inhibitor.


The shift in the optical response of a quantum well (QW) embedded in the wall of a rolled-up microtube along the tube axis is examined. The microtube is investigated by x-ray microdiffraction to deduce the strain state of the rolled-up heterostructure. Using these results, the optical response of the QW is calculated. A good agreement of the lattice parameters determined by diffraction and photoluminescence is found, if a double shell tube is assumed for certain parts of the tube. Our results indicate that a rolled-up multiwalled microtube experiences different strains on different windings at the same lateral position.


The TPC (Time Projection Chamber) experiment at PEP will have a two meter inside diameter superconducting magnet which creatests a 1.5 T uniform solenoidal field for the TPC. The superconducting magnet coil, cryostat, cooling system, and the TPC gas pressure vessel (which operatests at 11 atm) were designed to be about two thirds of a radiation length thick. As a result, a high current density coil design was chosen. The magnet is cooled by forced flow two phase helium. The TPC magnet is the largest adiabatically stable superconducting magnet built to date. The paper presents the parameters of the TPC thin solenoid and its subsystems. Tests results from the Spring 1980 cryogenic tes are presented. The topics to be dealt with in the paper are cryogenic services and the tests of magnet subsystems such as the folded current leads. Large thin superconducting magnet technology will be important to large detectors to be used on LEP.


The capital and the financial performance are two important variables in the banking sector. They show the ability of banks to achieve sustainable benefits and to address systemic shocks. The author used a static panel to study empirically the relationship between capital and financial performance by approximating the capital by the ratio (equity/total assets) and financial performance by 3 measures: ROA (return on assets), ROE (return on equity), NIM (net interest margin). Through a sample of 19 banks in Tunisia over the period of 2000-2009, the author found that the relationship between capital and financial performance (ROA, ROE, NIM) is positive. But only the relationship between capital and return on assets is statistically significant.


ABSTRACT. Although melanism has been reported in a wide variety of taxa, the presence of melanic individuals is relatively rare in fishes. Melanism in Mohave tui chub (Siphateles bicolor mohavensis), an endangered endemic of the Mojave Desert in California, is reported from 2 of 4 surveyed populations. The typical body color varies from dark brown to olive brown dorsally and is whitish ventrally; sides are silvery or golden, and fins are pale yellow to dusky red. While conducting population censuses in 2007–2008, we found 4 melanic Mohave tui chubs from. 2 of 4 surveyed habitats. Two of 1049 fish (0.19%) handled from Lake Tuendae (Mojave National Preserve) and 2 of 1516 fish (0.13%) handled from Bud's Pond (Camp Cady Wildlife Area) were melanic. Melanic individuals were dorsally black, gradually fading into blackish brown on the sides; the sides had a golden or silvery sheen, and fins were blackish brown. Though the occurrence of melanism is very rare, it may reflect underlying genetic variation, which is of particular interest to the conservation of rare and endangered species.


The paper presents a workflow for finite element model generation from point clouds acquired via photogrammetry and laser scanning. The case study is a room with an umbrella vault in Castel Masegra, located in Sondrio (Italy). The complexity of the room required an accurate geometric survey from a set of dense point clouds, from which a detailed BIM as well as 2D drawings were generated. Finally, a tetrahedral mesh was derived from the geometric model and was used to run a finite element analysis. The aim of this work is to describe the procedure developed and illustrate the main challenges found.


The combination of hypervalent iodine (III) reagents and source of ammonia allows the genesis of iodonitrene species able to act as source of electrophilic nitrogen. Ammonia umpolung represents the net-result of this combination. Since the introduction of this method in 2016, important and unprecedented transformations have been discovered. In this short review we report the state of the art in the use of this type of iodonitrene in modern synthesis


Shenzhen Kingkey Financial Tower(KFT) is 439m tall.Wind load plays a key role in the structural design of this building.This paper presented a detailed study of the wind-induced vibration of KFT using a high frequency force balance method.The aerodynamic strategy(or the corridor ventilation) aiming to reduce the wind loads and wind induced response by placing openings on the upper three refuge floors was investigated.The results show that the vortex shedding frequency of 100 year return period(YTP) is still much smaller than the fundamental frequency of the structure at the key azimuth.The aerodynamic strategy can significantly reduce the strength of the shedding vortex and make a reduction of 8.2%-21.2% in peak base bending moment of 100 YTP and 5.3%-16.0% in peak acceleration of 10 YTP at the top of the building if no interference from the upstream buildings is considered.Unfortunately,the existence of Diwang Tower nearby can significantly interfere and dominate the aerodynamic wind loads on KFT at the wind speed of concerned return period and this finally affects the validity of the aerodynamic strategy.However,significant effects of the strategy can still been seen at the critical wind speed when the vortex shedding frequency of KFT coincides with the fundamental frequency of the structure.


Human PMNs were prepared from venous blood collected using EDTA as an anticoagulant. PMNs (10 x lo6 cells/mL) were preincubated for 10 min at 37 "C in PBS (phosphate-buffered saline) with or without EP 10045 at various concentrations (0.1 mM-10 nM) before stimulation with the calcium ionophore, A23187 (1 pM). After 10 min, the incubation was stopped by addition of one volume of methanol containing 100 ng/mL of PGB, as an internal standard. The samples were centrifuged at 1500g for 10 min and resolved by reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). As assessed upon integration of the 280-nm UV absorbance peak during RP-HPLC, EP 10045 markedly inhibited LT generation from ionophorestimulated human PMNs. Inhibition of production was optimal for doses of EP 10045 above 1 MM. At 0.1 pM, 67% inhibition of the LTB, generation induced upon stimulation with the ionophore was still observed. From the dose-response curve, an IC,, of 60 nM was calculated.


We sought to identify the independent predictors of blood transfusion requirement in robotic beating‐heart patients with totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass (TECAB).


Everyone acknowledges that quality factor (Q) works as a functional starting point for high-performance RF system design. Nonetheless, students and young engineers can be puzzled by how best to exploit Q?s efficacy in topology creation or circuit parameter optimization. This is because we encounter ambiguous expressions of Q appearing in different places and in various publications [1]. We might, then, wonder how many independent-looking Q formulations there are in our field and how they are physically related. With such a basic (but burning) question in mind, this article knocks at the door to the mysterious world of Q.


The management of electric power remote monitoring is the key technology to implement electric power automation. This paper presents an electric power remote monitoring and management system based on CAN, introduces the constitution, hardware structure and software flow of the system. Then it discusses in detail the theory and application of error controlling in such a system. Application results show that the system can enhance security and reliability and will have wide application prospects.


We are in the age of the Anthropocene. We know this not because the Scottish Opera staged Anthropocene 2019 to rave reviews; or because the documentary Anthropocene: The Human Epoch has been making the rounds at Sundance, TIFF, and Berlinale Special; or because the Art Gallery of Ontario mounted the exhibition Anthropocene with an accompanying podcast "Into the Anthropocene: Our Impact on Earth," which continues to be downloaded by eager listeners long after the exhibition has closed. We know we are in the age of the Anthropocene not because the arts are telling us, but because we can simply look out our front doors and see that change is not just coming — it has arrived. From extreme storms, droughts and fires to continually expanding lists of endangered species, our impact as a species on the planet is undeniable. The facts are all there in countless scientific reports, peer-reviewed articles and verified field studies. Millions of people are taking to the streets with actions such as the youth-led Strike for Climate, where students leave class on Fridays to exchange their classrooms for the picket-line; or the Extinction Rebellion, a non-violent movement where supporters stage mass "die-ins" by lying on the ground at transport hubs, cultural centers and shopping malls to highlight the risk of humans becoming extinct as a result of climate change and to demand drastic and immediate action to avert environmental collapse. Yet, despite all the scientific evidence and the global rallying cries demanding change, there are still climate change deniers. What will it take to shift the perspective of these climate change skeptics? Maybe it is by changing not what they are seeing, but rather how they are seeing the world around them; and here again, we can turn to the power of the arts to dramatically shift ways in which we see (and understand) the world around us. Artists today who collaborate with nature in the face of increasingly urgent warnings about the consequences of climate change make art that draws viewers' attention to elemental resources — those we and other-than-human species cannot live without, and that for far too long we have taken for granted. Two


A highly efficient, ligand‐enhanced 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxy (TEMPO)/Mn(NO3)2 catalyst system for the aerobic oxidation of alcohols is described. From the series of coordinating ligands studied herein, 2‐picolinic acid (PyCOOH) improves the catalytic activity of TEMPO/Mn(NO3)2 remarkably. Under ambient air at room temperature in acetic acid, the ligand‐enhanced catalyst converts aliphatic and benzylic primary alcohols that bear various functional groups into their respective aldehydes with near quantitative conversions. The applicability of the catalyst for convenient preparative synthesis was demonstrated by conducting oxidations on a gram scale. A change of TEMPO to the sterically less demanding 9‐azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane N‐oxyl results in a Mn catalyst that is also able to oxidize secondary alcohols to ketones. Mechanistic studies showed that alcohols are oxidized by the oxoammonium cation derived from the nitroxyl radical. The active oxidant is regenerated by Mn(NO3)2, and this process is greatly promoted by the coordination of PyCOOH to Mn.


Aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between AKW and the severity of CAD in patients with stable CAD. Stable coronary artery disease (CAD) patients coronary artery disease severity is determined invasive coronary angiography scoring systems as SYNTAX and Gensini scores. Therefore, there is a need for noninvasive and easy to apply methods for determining the severity of the disease in stable CAD. Aortic knob width (AKW) is a measurable radiographic structure from chest X-ray. Material and Methods: The study included 168 patients with stable CAD ranging from 18 to 70 years old after exclusions criteria applied 114 patients examined. Patients grouped according to coronary artery vessel diameter narrowing above and below 70%. Patients Baseline characteristics, physical examination, medical treatments and laboratory findings recorded. The severity of CAD was evaluated by SYNTAX and Gensini scores. AKW measurement was also evaluated. Results: The two groups were statistically similar with respect to demographic properties and laboratory findings. Prior medications were similar between the groups. Furthermore percentage of diabetes mellitus and CRP levels were significantly different between groups (48.4%, 22% p:0.004 , 6.3±12, 2.4±4 p:0.049 respectively). AKW was significantly higher in group 1 compared to group 2 (41.1±6.2, 37.3±5.2; p=0.007). AKWs were correlated with Gensini and SYNTAX scores (r=0.25;p=0.007 and r=0.26;p=0.006 respectively). In a ROC analysis, the area under the curve value of AKW for CAD was 0.648 (95% CI: 0.544-0.752, p<0.008). The optimal cut-off value of AKW measurement for CAD was 36.6 mm with 73% sensitivity and 61% specificity. In a multivariate analysis, independent predictors for SYNTAX score > 22 were; DM (Odds ratio [OR]: 6,088, 95% CI: 1.617-22.927; P= 0.008) , AKW (OR: 1.122, 95% CI: 1.024-1.229;P= 0.013). Conclusion: To demonstrate the severity and complexity of coronary artery disease in stable coronary artery disease, noninvasive and simply calculated AKW can be used instead of invasively calculated the calculated SYNTAX and Gensini scores.


Absenteeism is a withdrawal behaviour that can be defined as the tendency to keep psychological distance between the employee and the work place. It is a common feature in all the organization, but its intensity is varying from organization to organization, country to country, place to place etc.


This article examines several mimetic manifestations of excessive 'wildness' in Western societies and cultures. It focuses on their appearance in novels, (horror)films, theatrical plays, ballets, operas, pop music, videogames, digital highways and the metaphysical funfair attraction Virtual Reality. The hypothesis is launched that one cannot properly understand the outburst of 'wildness' in these different genres without paying attention to the tabooization of touching others whom one wants to love or redress. Through the consumption of 'wild' products one remains in con-tact with an essential dimension of the self. Finally it is argued one should systematically study the relation between 'wild' and 'civilized' phenomena in order to avoid an overemphasis on our degree of civilization.


The present invention relates to thermally curable adhesives that are suitable for use as electrically conductive materials in the fabrication of electronic devices, integrated circuits, semiconductor devices, passive components, solar cells, solar modules, and/or light emitting diodes. The thermally curable adhesives comprise at least one thermosetting resin, electrically conductive particles having an average particle size of 1 [mu]m to 50 [mu]m, and at least one metal precursor, wherein the metal precursor decomposes substantially to the corresponding metal during the thermal curing of the thermally curable adhesive.


Relationships among T-cell mediated cytotoxicity, tuberculin type hypersensitivity, Jones-Mote type hypersensitivity and activation of helper T cells were studied in AKR mice by means of target cell destruction (51Cr-release), footpad reaction, migration inhibition test and antibody production against the trinitrophenyl group. (1) Immunization with chicken red blood cells (CRBC) in saline, Freund's incomplete (FIA) or complete adjuvant (FCA) and fixed-CRBC (FRBC) in FIA or FCA induced delayed hypersensitivity as demonstrated by footpad swelling. (2) Migration inhibition was positive in the group immunized with CRBC in saline or FCA, or FRBC in FCA, but negative in those immunized with CRBC or FRBC in FIA. This may suggest that the former has to be assigned to tuberculin type and the latter to Jones-Mote type. (3) T-cell mediated cytotoxicity by immune spleen cells was detected only in mice immunized with CRBC in saline. (4) Pre-treatment with cyclophosphamide augmented delayed footpad reaction in mice immunized with CRBC in saline, but suppressed cytotoxic activity. (5) FRBC in saline scarcely induced delayed footpad reaction and cytotoxic activity, whereas they activated helper function efficiently. Thus, four types of immunological phenomena, attributable to the functions of T cells, may depend upon distinct subpopulations of differentiated T cells which are raised by different methods of immunization.


This paper proposes and analyzes a new type of wireless machine system called wireless ultrasonic motor system. The system's most significant feature is removing all active components on the motor side, such as the inverter, power switch, and control unit. The system's keys are the motor direct drive technology, wireless energy supply, and the transmitting-side motor control. Furthermore, only one matched inductor and resonant circuit are used to improve power quality at the motor side. Finally, the working principle and experimental results are given, which verify the feasibility and correctness of the proposed wireless motor drive system.


In this study, control methods for a semi-active damper using an electro-adhesive gel (EAG) are analyzed. The modeling of an EAG damper is conducted on the basis of the approximation of the force–voltage relation obtained from experimental data. The performance of an EAG damper is evaluated by shaking-table tests of a two-story small-scale specimen. The specimen is designed to adjust the ratio between the first and second natural periods to that of a target real-scale base-isolated building, and the system parameters are identified on the basis of the vibration response under white noise excitation. An EAG damper is implemented to the base-isolation layer of the small-scale specimen. Acceleration sensors are attached to each layer to acquire the response data. A Kalman filter is employed as an observer in a control system, and the LQG strategy and disturbance accommodating control are advocated as a controller to apply a suitable input voltage to the EAG damper. The cost function of the LQG is formulated to suppress the acceleration response of the specimen. Experiments using other control methods, i.e., the simulated nonlinear spring and the simulated dashpot, are also conducted for comparison. With respect to the input excitation, scaled earthquake ground motion records are used. Based on the results of the shaking-table tests, we report the validity of the EAG damper and discuss effective control methods.


Titin is one of the three main filaments in cardiac sarcomere. Besides a chain of Ig domains, cardiac titin also contains a proline (P), glutamate (E), valine (V), lysine (K) (PEVK) domain and a cardiac‐specific N2B domain, both are largely unstructured. While they are believed to be involved in the elastic (PEVK and N2B) and the trophic (N2B) functions of the heart, their mechanical responses in physiological level of forces remains poorly understood.


This thesis analyses the so-called airball system – a laboratory setup for positional control of a ping-pong ball in a vertical air stream. Changing the speed of the airflow equates to a difference in revolutions per minute of a DC fan motor fixed at the base of the construction which in turn affects the position of the ball in the wind tunnel. Based on the fixed system parameters and mathematical approximations of the real-world model, PID controller parameters had to be derived keeping this hypothesis in mind. Since a synthesis method had to take the real-world system limitations, the relay and the Bode plot methods were used to derive the PID parameters. The derived PID controller is implemented and tested on the laboratory setup.


Product quality is one of the important aspects in deep drawing practice and the variation in process temperature was claimed to improve the quality. Therefore, in this research, the effect of the heating temperature on the drawability of a circular metal cup has been investigated. Firstly, circular metal cups of aluminium, mild steel and stainless steel were drawn from the blank diameters of 60 mm, 65 mm, and 70 mm. The experiment was conducted at room temperature followed by at 100 °C, 150 °C and 200 °C. The Taguchi method was selected as the design of experiment approach, and L9 (34) array design methodology was adopted in this experimental research. The drawability was measured based on the punching force needed to deform the sheet metal blanks. The deep drawing process was conducted at room, and elevated temperature conditions and the response factor was analysed and compared through the analysis of variance (ANOVA) statistical approach. The results obtained from ANOVA indicate that the blank material has a significant influence on the deep drawing process followed by the blank size, heating temperature and heating technique. The optimal parameter combinations are blank diameter of 60 mm, heating temperature of 200 °C and the die and punch heating technique. Out of the three materials investigated, aluminium has a better drawability compared to mild steel and stainless steel.


The new social media has changed the traditional communication ecology,and exerted great influence on communication in crisis of the hospital.The increasing scope and speed of the spread of hospital crisis in the social media age have posed new challenges to hospital crisis management.This paper analyzed the influence and challenge for hospitals brought by social media,combined with the characteristics and theory of hospital crisis management,and put forward coping strategies about hospital crisis management under social media environment.


The modern Zionism,which has all kinds of inner relations with early Jewish religious culture,not only contains the Jewish thought factions differently,but also endows with the time implication through which the ancient conception of Messiah formed.After the establishment of Israel,the conservative thoughts in the major factions of Jew have influenced the direction of the nation′s development for a long time,impacted on the relationship between Arab and Israel,and regulated the trend of Zionism.The new thoughts of postZionism catalyzed by the end of cold war become a potential challenge for the basic features and value of Zionism.


Lake sediments as a potential fertilizer were studied at the Voke Branch of the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture during 1994-2004. The aim of the research was to establish the influence of lake sediments and their mixtures with other organic matter (manure, sewage) on the crop yield and soil agrochemical and physical properties; to compare the effect of sediments with that of a sediment-manure mixture. Experimental evidence suggests that lake sediments had no effect on soil acidity. The higher rate of sediments (100 t ha -1 ) increased the content of total nitrogen in the soil by 0.002- 0.021 and humus by 0.53 percentage units. Application of lake sediments had a positive impact on the quality of physical properties of sandy loam Cambisol. Various rates of sediments increased the soil moisture content and porosity, and declined soil bulk density. The rate of lake sediments 50,100 t ha -1 increased the productivity of crop rotation by 8-30%, manure - by 21- 25%. Fertilization with lake sediments at a rate of 100 t ha -1 and pure manure produced 25-30% of the yield of energy units per year.


The term "communication" is commonly used in Russian science. It has become engrained in the conceptual framework of social and humanitarian knowledge. Consistently, experts from various scientific fields have focused their attention on the issue of the correlation between the concepts of "communication" and "interaction" that was caused by the emergence of the new term. The studied phenomena are in the center of attention of a large number of integrative linguistic paradigms (communicative-pragmatic, discursive-cognitive, psycholinguistic ones, etc.), which are frequently used by representatives of different linguistic branches. The paper describes three approaches to the definition of the terms in question based on a narrower or wider interpretation of their semantics. Representatives of the first approach believe that the concept communication is broader than the concept interaction; the latter is a component of communication. Supporters of the second approach are convinced that the concept communication is narrower than the concept interaction . The third group followers reckon the terms communication and interaction to be synonyms. Analyzing all opinions, the author emphasizes validity of the third point of view, since the concepts communication and interaction can be considered synonymous within the framework of linguistic research.


The conventional thermodynamic theory of solvent action is briefly reviewed. A mechanistic theory is advanced to supplement the thermodynamic theory. The mechanistic theory views a resin solution as an example of dynamic equilibrium between the tendency of the solvent molecules to solvate the resin and the tendency of the resin macromolecules to unite with each other in three-dimensional aggregation. A plasticizer, being a nonvolatile solvent, remains in the resin film on evaporation of the solvent and thus opposes, to an extent depending on its concentration and solvent strength, the aggregation of the resin macromolecules. Although the permanence of plasticizers in resinous compositions does not correlate well with the author's measure of the relative solvent strengths of the plasticizers, very satisfactory correlation is obtained between the low-temperature behavior of plasticized films and the temperature dependence of the solvent strength of the plasticizers. Data are presented in support of the contention that a necessary condition for good low-temperature performance in plasticized resinous compositions requires that the plasticizer must show a considerable improvement in solvent strength on cooling.


A comparison was made between two demographic models,gray forecasting model(GM)and the model of population-shift algorithm,to study their accuracy in population projection.The authors have come to three conclusions as follows:Firstly,GM is more accurate than the other one.Secondly,the residual error of GM fluctuates in a small range while the residual error of the other model increases as time goes by.Thirdly,the GM is much more adapted to long-period population projections.


The study illustrates the role and involvement of the Constitutional Court of Romania in achieving effective protection of basic rights and fundamental freedoms. In this respect, it presents relevant case-law of the Constitutional Court, highlighting constant solutions and elements that constitute a factor of continuity and stability, as well as re-considerations of case-law in some cases, sometimes due to the reception of the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights.


We show that it is possible to define Hartley-like transforms for (generalized) character tables of finite groups. This large class of transforms include Hartley transforms for discrete Fourier transforms over abelian groups and Hartley-like transforms for the discrete cosine transform of type I.


TWO DIFFERENCES ARE worth noting between this issue and our previous issue on sustainable cities six years ago. The first is the greater number of examples of innovative environmental action plans for cities – most of them linked to Agenda 21, the document agreed at the United Nations Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. This issue of Environment and Urbanization includes case studies of such plans in Manizales (Colombia) and Chimbote (Peru), along with a study of the Cities for Life Forum in Peru which has been promoting and supporting the development of Local Agenda 21s in many Peruvian urban centres. It also includes a paper reflecting on the experience in localizing Agenda 21s in Nakuru (Kenya), Essaouira (Morocco) and Vinh City (Vietnam). Case studies of Rufisque in Senegal, Porto Alegre in Brazil, Leicester in the United Kingdom and two community level Local Agenda 21s within low-income neighbourhoods in Lima and Manizales will be published in future issues. The innovations in Surabaya (Indonesia) and Ilo (Peru), which have been described previously,(1) will also be revisited at a later date; and there are further examples of city authorities giving more attention to environmental issues or seeking to integrate environmental concerns into development plans that are not necessarily referred to as Local Agenda 21s. A second difference between 1992 and today is the evidence of greater interest in the theme of sustainable cities among a broader group of people and institutions. This evidence comes from different fronts. One is the unusually large number of papers submitted for inclusion in this issue of Environment and Urbanization. Usually, between 15 and 25 papers are submitted; in this case, we received more than 40. Given the high quality of most of the papers, and that the theme of "Sustainable cities revisited" is one of the most popular among our readers,(2) we have decided to dedicate a second issue to the topic – in October 1999, after the issue on "Healthy cities" in April 1999. It is in this October 1999 issue that the other case studies noted above will be published – see Box 1. Another indicator of the greater interest in this area is the greater number of conferences and seminars devoted to sustainable cities or Local Agenda 21s in urban areas, or to comparable topics. "Sustainable human settlements" was one of the two main themes of Habitat II, the second UN Conference on Human Settlements (also called the City Summit) in Istanbul in 1996.


The spectral characteristics of the circadian leaf oscillation of Trifolium repens L. were investigated in constant illumination from 1-10 000 lux. The natural frequency was found to fall from 0.92 cycles/day at 1 lux to 0.84 cycles/day at 10 000 lux, with a corresponding fall in damping coefficient from 0.29 day-1 to 0.10 day-1. Spectral characteristics of the leaf responses to rectangular wave light variations, and to sinusoidal variations in the logarithm of light intensity were also compared. The response to sinusoidal light variations was measured over the frequency range 0.67-20 cycles/day and Bode amplitude and phase plots indicated resonances at 0.85 cycles/day (the circadian frequency) and also at 9.5 cycles/day. A model consisting of two feedback loops and two phase advance elements was developed and its frequency characteristics approximated to those of the leaf. The physiological implications of the proposed model are considered.


THE NEUROSCIENTIST 217 Volume 15, Number 3, 2009 Copyright © 2009 SagE Publications 10.1177/1073858409333840 The hippocampal formation plays a critically important role in memory, and it is now clear that hippocampal dysfunction occurs in the aged brain as a result of a number of disease insults. There is now evidence, for example, indicating that hippocampal dysfunction occurs in chronic diabetes, and hippocampal atrophy is commonly seen as a result of brain infarcts. Noting that different disease mechanisms target different subregions of the hippocampal formation, Wu and others (2008) have now used MRI to study hippocampal changes resulting from cerebral infarcts, and from type 2 diabetes. Building upon a recently completed community-based study of 240 nondemented aged human subjects, they identified 60 participants with type 2 diabetes and 74 with MRI-documented brain infarcts, and carried out an initial analysis designed to pinpoint hippocampal regions differentially linked to each disorder. guided by these results, they then carried out additional functional MRI studies in aged rhesus monkeys and mice, in an effort to test hypotheses arising from their initial analysis. This study demonstrated that, although both diabetes and brain infarcts were associated with hippocampal pathology, each was linked with changes in a different hippocampal subregion, with the dentate gyrus showing differential vulnerability to blood glucose levels, and vascular disease (infarcts outside of the hippocampal formation) being differentially linked to dysfunction in the Ca1 subfield and the subiculum. The authors postulate that the link between Ca1 dysfunction and infarcts may be a result of transient hippocampal hypoperfusion, an hypothesis provisionally confirmed by a comparison of anatomical patterns across subjects with infarcts within different vascular territories. The authors suggest that maintenance of glucose control, even in the absence of overt disease, may be important for preservation of cognitive health. They propose that cognitive-enhancing effects of physical exercise may be mediated by a beneficial effect of lower glucose on the dentate gyrus. Irrespective of whether this conjecture turns out to be correct, these results imply that improvements in glucose metabolism may provide a clinically tractable approach for ameliorating cognitive slide that occurs with aging.


T HE following paper was originally intended to be a part of a more comprehensive work on the Classification of Salish Dialects. This latter paper has been prepared by Prof. Franz Boas and the writer, and will be published by the Smithsonian Institution. The available material on Salishan reduplications was found to be too fragmentary to be embodied in that paper. I have, therefore, preferred to present it in the present form as a basis for further work on the classification of the Salish dialects from the point of view of reduplication systems. While the material lacks uniformity for the different linguistic areas, it is sufficient to point out the main problems and to present a number of interesting facts concerning linguistic differentiation in the Salish area. My method of procedure has been to present successively the material available for the different dialects. I have done this in the order adopted by Prof. Boas in his comparative vocabularies which will be published in the above-named paper, namely, starting with the inland dialects, then taking up the coast dialects from south to north, and ending with the isolated dialects of the Bella Coola and Tillamook. The more general comparative considerations are presented in the concluding paragraphs. All of the material both published and in manuscript form has been utilized. The manuscript material is the Salish vocabularies recorded by Prof. Boas and Mr. J. Teit, Dr. Leo Frachtenberg's notes on the plural and diminutive forms in Quinault and Clallam, and finally the writer's Snohomish material, collected in the fall of I916, and his Thompson and Shuswap forms, collected in the summer of I9I7. The vocabularies and grammatical notes published by Prof. Boas and Mr. Hill-Tout are found in the following series: "British Association for the Advancement of Science," Volumes I890, I898, I899, I900, 1902; "Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland," Volumes 34, 35, 37, 41. Most of the material collected by Mr. Teit and that collected by myself has been procured on expeditions that were made possible by the generous donations of Mr. Homer E. Sargent, who has for many years supported our researches in the Salish area. While the paper deals primarily with forms of reduplication, it was necessary also to include in many cases derivatives formed by the extension of vowels (dieresis), for in a discussion of the formation of plurals and diminutives this process cannot be separated consistently from that of reduplication. There can be no doubt that augmentative forms are very important in a consideration of the grammatical processes in question. Our material on these is, however, so meager that I was only able to cite a few more or less detached examples. The abbreviations used are as follows:


[Objective] The experiment aimed to use reverse genic sterile rice FHS better in practical production.[Method] The low energy nitrogen ion beam was taken as a mutation source to conduct mutagenic treatment for hsien rice 99-02 and the mutation FHS with special fertility was isolated from their offspring.The some characteristics such as flowering habit and stigma exsertion rate of FHS were observed in this experiment.[Result] The reverse genic sterile rice FHS had a obvious peak flowering stage from 10:00 to 10:30,while the second peak flowering stage was at 12:00.The single plant flowering of reverse genic sterile rice FHS was from August 12 to August 25 and the single panicle flowering was from August 5 to August 10.Compared with PA64S,FHS flowered early and flowering time was concentrated,so it was good for seed propagation.The stigma exsertion rate of FHS was 85.8% and low exsertion rate was good for the purity of seed.[Conclusion] The reverse genic sterile rice FHS had good value in use,besides,it also could be used as comparison material for studying fertility alternation mechanism of photoperiod sensitive genic male sterile rice.


THE writer has at each of the Conferences of the Institute which he has attended endeavoured to secure a first-rate round-table discussion on the problem of disarmament as it affects the Pacific. But though the representations he has made on behalf of the Australian groups have received a degree of encouragement from other groups before Conferences, somehow or other a really serious discussion on this subject has never taken place. The Victorian group regards disarmament as a subject of fundamental importance, and without committing itself to any dogmas on the subject, or any view that it can be dealt with on a regional basis,* believes that it is a question which should be approached from the point of view of the interests of Pacific nations. It would like, therefore, to prepare the ground for a discussion at the next Conference, with a view to setting in operation a research project designed to explore the conditions of a satisfactory handling


[reaction: see text] The asymmetric Michael reaction involving a chiral imine derived from 2-methyltetrahydrothiophenone-3-one and enantiopure (R)-1-phenylethylamine with a variety of electrophilic alkenes furnished 2,2-disubstituted tetrahydrothiophenone-3-ones with good yields and excellent stereoselectivity.


The Ru-Al codoped NiO:SnO2 nanocomposite films are revealed to exhibit bipolar resistive switching. The switching mechanism is well explained by the formation/rupture of filamentary paths due to the field-induced migration of oxygen vacancies and oxygen ions. Compared with that of the undoped NiO:SnO2 film, the ON/OFF ratio of Ru-Al codoped samples is largely improved. This is ascribed to the increased content of oxygen vacancies and trapped states between the equilibrium Fermi level and conduction band induced by the interstitial defects of Ru and Al.


Background The Internet has become a ubiquitous venue for information seeking, especially for health information. Public health practitioners have noticed the promise and potential of the Internet, however, little is known about individuals' skills of their eHealth literacy. The eHealth Literacy Scale, eHEALS, was designed to measure perceptions of individuals' eHealth literacy skills. Objective The objective of the study was to examine the psychometric validity and reliability of the eHEALS with two adult populations using the Rasch Model. Methods A college-aged sample and an Internet-based sample (Amazon's MTurk) were recruited to complete the eHEALS, demographic questions, and a health literacy scale. Using WINSTEPS and SPSS, unidimensionality, item fit, rating scale, item hierarchy, person ability-item match, and reliability were analyzed, compared, and contrasted against each sample and to other samples found in the literature. Results An exploratory factor analysis supported unidimensionality in both samples. More than 90% of respondents from both samples fit the model. No items were outright misfitting. Both samples separated into three distinct groups. Conclusions Based on the results, the eHEALS is a reliable and consistent measurement tool for a college sample and an Internet-based sample. As these individuals are most likely to use the Internet as a health resource, it is necessary to learn and know their skills versus perceiving that they can critically and successfully navigate the Internet. Further analyses are necessary to ensure that the eHEALS can serve as a standard eHealth literacy measure for public health.


Hypertension has long been recognised as a modifiable risk factor causing cardiovascular diseases and premature deaths worldwide. It is one of the most common lifestyle diseases and considered to be a silent killer. Among the geriatric population hypertension is a major problem, presenting the risk of multiple associated co-morbidities. One in every three senior citizen living in old age homes in urban area is diagnosed with hypertension due to many causes. Music therapy helps to reduce the blood pressure among elderly people. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of music therapy on reducing blood pressure among elderly people. A quasi-experimental pre-test, post-test approach with non- equivalent control group design was adopted to assess the effectiveness of the music therapy among 60 patients (30 patients each in the experimental and control group) at old age home Vellodu, Mariya Anthonia old age home and St Joseph' s home for aged, Kodairoad. The elderly patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria were selected as samples based on a non-probability purposive sampling technique. The study revealed that the calculated unpaired ' t' value for the post-test systolic were, t= 9.461 and diastolic t = -11.180, respectively, which showed a very high statistical significance at p'lt;0.001 level. An older adult with hypertension can reduce blood pressure with music therapy, a non-invasive, non-pharmacological, and cost-effective intervention.


The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth of yellow passion fruit seedlings in response to increasing simple superphosphate levels. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions in the campus of the West Parana State University - UNIOESTE, at the municipality of Marechal Cândido Rondon. A completely randomized design was used with five replications and five treatments, composed by the following simple superphosphate levels: 0; 0,28; 0,56; 1,11 e 2,78 kg m -3 . At each 7-days interval, until 52 days after plant emergency, measurements of plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, leaf area and shoot and root dry matter accumulation were performed. The application of simple superphosphate promoted linear increase in all evaluated variables. The results showed that there was a significant response of the specie to the application of simple superphosphate in the early period of development. The parameters of growth analysis showed the effect of simple superphosphate on the leaf area and dry matter accumulation in different parts of the plant.


Computer total distributed control system adopt from intelligent automatic system of American FOXBORO as the main process is introduced. Continuous control loop with different function is composed of different control software module. Configuration of all continuons control loop is finished by filling in the tables step by step with control configuration software . The simulation continous control loops are 55 in PET plant and 44 in spinning machine.The SQL language is used to work out sequence control program in the assistant process.The system is running smoothly after operation for more than two years, and it is satisfied for production process.


In the first part of the paper authors discuss some of the classical sociological ideas about the neighborhood, developed within the Chicago School and the symbolic interactionism of Jane Jacobs. Those ideas are then used in order to examine the neighborhood relations in Novi Sad, in the context of transition and spatial transformation. Authors present selected results of a survey conducted in 2015. on a representative sample of 503 citizens of Novi Sad. The neighborhood relations in Novi Sad are investigated with the aim of analyzing their quality in different parts of the city and their relation with different social characteristics. According to the research hypothesis, the quality of neighborhood relations varies significantly in different parts of the city and between different social groups, whereby the parts of the city are classified by the degree of their spatial transformation in transition. The research confirmed the first hypothesis and found that the neighborhood relations are more intense in the old, historic part of the city, within the single-family and mixed housing, among the owners of apartments as well as those born in Novi Sad or had moved to the city less than 10 years ago. Although some findings suggest that differences in neighborhood relations are arising from the degree and quality of spatial reconstruction in the transition, these links are not simple nor direct. Through the analysis of the research results authors assess the relevance of some classical sociological ideas for understanding and planning the neighborhoods in the contemporary city in transition. In conclusion, authors emphasize the importance of overcoming strict spatial determinism as well as the idealization of neighborhood relations in further research in this area.


Ultrafast laser pulses can produce high transient electronic temperatures (thousands of degrees) in a metal with only a modest rise in the lattice temperature. Recent studies of the desorption of NO molecules from a Pd(111) surface under such conditions revealed a novel desorption mechanism1 associated with this high electronic temperature.


This meta-analysis will be performed to evaluate the efficacy of Hangeshashinto (TJ-14) in patients with chemotherapy- induced oral mucositis (COM) for gastroenterological cancer. Individual patient–level data from two prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trials employing the same regimens using TJ-14 will be collected for this study. Cumulative data from 181 patients will help conclude whether TJ-14 is effective to COM for gastroenterological cancer or not. We will select the patients with severe (CTCAE grade ≥2) COM who did not reduce the dose of chemotherapy to evalu- ate the effect of TJ-14 precisely. The primary endpoint of this study is time to remission of severe (CTCAE grade ≥2) COM to grade ≤1 in the protocol treatment course, and the secondary end points are the incidence of grade ≥2 COM, and predic- tive factors of time to remission and of incidence of grade ≥2 COM.


Scenario Textual Descriptions (STD) are general-purpose natural language descriptions of a narrative scenario of end users, real or potential, using an existing or a future interactive system. STDs may take many forms: use cases, structured scenarios, user stories, and natural language expressions of user actions. As such, these STDs contain useful information for initiating the development life cycle of a user interface of this interactive system. On the one hand, when the end user expresses some interaction through these STDs, user interface requirements can be elicited by deriving model fragments from them: user model, task model, domain model, process model, etc. On the other hand, when the end user refers to any previously used system to feed the requirements, usability problems can be derived from user interfaces critiques: usability problems by interaction object, by dialogue box or window, by entire application. Both approaches feed a bidirectional approach where requirements and usability problems co-exist in the same STD. This article presents how FlowiXML supports the entire approach based on a real-world case studyfor a distributed system for managing teaching students.


The basin scale has been promoted as the optimal management unit in order to internalize external effects caused by multiple water uses. Most recently it has been advanced as part of the European Water Framework Directive. Yet, eventually the scale of water management is socially and politically construed, and the question is whether the basin scale is equally adequate for different climatic and locational contexts and what specific institutional arrangements should look like. To address these questions it is necessary to examine very different conditions. To this end this paper presents a comparative analysis of water management in the Elbe Basin, shared by the Czech Republic and Germany and the Kidron/Wadi Nar Basin shared by Israelis and Palestinians. The two basins differ fundamentally in size, climate, topography, settlement patterns and political framework conditions. In the case of the Elbe Basin, an ex post analysis of the effectiveness of the existing institutional arrangements was carried out. In the Kidron/Wadi Nar Basin the economic viability and the political feasibility of alternative management options were analyzed ex ante. The paper finds that in the case of the Elbe Basin a river basin management approach was quite successfully adopted by establishing an international coordination mechanism. The cost-benefit analysis for the Kidron/Wadi Nar Basin shows that a basin approach where wastewater is being treated on the basis of gravity flows performs worse than a scenario where all the wastewater produced in the Kidron/Wadi Nar – Og/Muqalek area is jointly treated in one wastewater treatment plant in the Kidron Valley/Wadi Nar. Hence, due to economies of scale a pure basin approach is not desirable from a physical-economic perspective. However, if the options are analyzed from a political perspective, it turns out that neither the first best Kidron/Wadi Nar solution nor the second best basin solution are likely to be realized, as both of them are subject to objections by influential Israeli and Palestinian stakeholder groups. Instead, the most feasible approach appears to be a two-plant solution based on outsourcing where the Jerusalem wastewater is being treated in the Og/Muqalek basin and the remaining Palestinian wastewater in the Kidron/Wadi Nar. This, however, implies that the river basin management approach can not be considered as universally applicable. Instead, climate, water 1 Draft paper prepared for the 2008 Conference of the International Association for the Study of the Commons (IASC), Cheltenham, July 14-18, 2008. This paper represents the main findings of the project 'CollectiveWater': From conflict to collective action: institutional change and management options to govern transboundary water courses' (2005-2007) funded by the German and Israeli Ministries of Science (BMBF/MOST). The authors wish to thank all team members for their input and cooperation. As the paper particularly incorporates the main findings of Nir Becker, Simone Klawitter, Natalie Mutlak, Georg Meran, Ram Almog, Richard Laster, Daniel Livney and Nader Al-Khatib, their contributions are specifically acknowledged. A later journal publication is planned to be co-authored by the various team members. 2 Department of Economics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany, Email: email@example.com. 3 Department of Public Policy, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, Email: email@example.com.


The coordinated development of agricultural economic growth and non-point source (NPS) pollution is an important task in enhancing pollution prevention. Significantly, agricultural economic growth and NPS pollution are interrelated, and their mechanism will be affected by financial development. For this reason, the current study established a panel smooth transformation regression (PSTR) model to reveal the mechanical evolution under different financial development levels. It was found that the impact of agricultural economic growth on NPS pollution was significantly positive in the low level of financial development, which is manifested as an "intensification effect". Fortunately, when the level of financial development reaches the medium and high thresholds, agricultural economic growth will inhibit agricultural NPS pollution. At the same time it was also found that the impact of agricultural economic growth on NPS pollution is manifested as an "inhibition effect" at the overall level, but presenting significant structural differences. Specifically, the impact on the eastern and central regions of China is manifested as an "inhibition effect", whereas the impact in the western region of China is characterized as an "intensification effect". Finally, the elasticity analysis showed that the influence of financial development on agricultural NPS pollution was significantly positive, and that its intensification effect is ubiquitous.


In 2014, the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons identified, through internal analysis, a considerable attrition rate within its Surgical Education and Training programme. Within the attrition cohort, choosing to leave accounted for the majority. Women were significantly over‐represented. It was considered important to study these 'leavers' if possible. An external group with medical education expertise were engaged to do this, a report that is now published and titled 'A study exploring the reasons for and experiences of leaving surgical training'. During this time, the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons came under serious external review, leading to the development of the Action Plan on Discrimination, Bullying and Sexual Harassment in the Practice of Surgery, known as the Building Respect, Improving Patient Safety (BRIPS) action plan. The 'Leaving Training Report', which involved nearly one‐half of all voluntary 'leavers', identified three major themes that were pertinent to leaving surgical training. Of these, one was about surgery itself: the complexity, the technical, decision‐making and lifestyle demands, the emotional aspects of dealing with seriously sick patients and the personal toll of all of this. This narrative literature review investigates these aspects of surgical education from the trainees' perspective.


Ted Sizer, founder of the Coalition of Essential Schools, calls for teachers designing a curriculum to begin with the end in mind; that is, determine your goals and only then design appropriate assignments and assessments that guide students toward these goals. Sizer argues that students should be tested via public "exhibitions" that drive the curriculum and set clear standards for students about what is expected of them.2 This paper describes an exhibition in which students analyze the physics of movies.


A particular group of Chinese Catholic laywomen activists from a century or more ago, namely the so‐called 'institute of virgins', provides the focus for this article. These women, having consecrated their lives to the service of God and taken a vow of chastity, lived either individually with their families or in small groups of single women. In consequence of the strict segregation of the sexes in China, they became a vital element in the propagation of the Christian faith among females from almost the very beginning of the missionary enterprise in China. A brief comparison is offered between the Catholic 'institute of virgins' and other 'deviant' groups and practices in traditional Chinese society, namely the phenomena of 'marriage resistance' and 'sworn spinsterhood'. The analysis then explores in detail the crucial role of these unwed Catholic women in the expansion of the Chinese church and the preservation of the Christian faith in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, while simultaneously probing clerical attempts at their control.


This paper investigates what are the types and legal grounds for interim measures in the U.S. arbitration practices. The statutory ground for the interim measures is the Revised Uniform Arbitration Act. Another ground, probably the most important, is the parties' own intentions to adopt the interim measures in their arbitration proceeding. Most typical interim measures in arbitration include preliminary injuction, attachment and antisuit injunction. In the U.S ex parte motion for interim measure is rarely allowed while the Revised UNCITRAL Model Law specified an ex parte interim measure. In launching the interim measures, the US courts have demanded several requirements including imparability, probability of success and passing of the balance test. In general, the U.S. courts have properly interfered with the procedural issues in arbitration unreined but leaving the substantive issues untouched. It is believed that such interference has helped to enhance the credibility in arbitration with respect to fairness and justice.


As of 3 April, the number of patients with corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Korea has exceeded 10,000 The incidence of COVID-19 patients still shows no sign of diminishing Now is the time to prepare for the protracted war ahead Hence we need to find a specific treatment measure against COVID-19 Regrettably, however, no definite treatment has been available yet Nevertheless, various treatments, including old and new antiviral agents, are currently being investigated 1 As one of them, convalescent plasma administration has been carefully proposed 2,3


Technical analysis methods for determining the share price quoted on the stock markets recorded dramatic developments in recent decades. It is a common fact that, in these methods, the other sciences immersion can be met. The desire to model the influence coming from behavioral economics, representing mostly qualitative variables, requires new approaches to quantify this influence. In this paper we present a method of technical analysis to determine the future price of a share after it drew some "integer" value with a significant impact on investor's decisions. The method is based on a comparison with the analysis of related physical movement by intersecting with the plane waves that separate two different environments.


The Microsoft Corporation has played an important role in the software industry. The company often sales its products in a bundle way which gives more pressure to the other software companies. As a result, the other software companies must think about how to compete with the Microsoft Corporation on the application software market. At the same time, the other companies need the market of Microsoft Corporation, it requires that other companies should cooperate with the Microsoft Corporation so that other companies can have a bigger space to develop.


Background Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who have muscle weakness and stiff or painful joints might be at increased risk of falling. The present study prospectively determines the incidence of falls and their risk factors in patients with RA who participated in the TOMORROW (TOtal Management Of Risk factors in Rheumatoid arthritis patients to lOWer morbidity and mortality; clinical trial registration number: UMIN000003876) study that was started in 2010. Methods We evaluated anthropometric parameters, muscle volume, bone density, disease activity, general health status and the occurrence of falls for a period of one year in 202 patients with RA (54% administered with biological agents) and 202 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers (HV). Results Among the patients with RA and HV, 18% and 16% respectively reported one or more falls during the previous year.These values did not significantly differ. After adjusting for risk factors of falls such as a history of falls, age, gender, smoking and BMI, multiple logistic regression analysis identified that a history of falls was the most significant parameter associated with falls (odds ratio: 2.71, p<0.001 Table). The RA group also had lower whole muscle volume (37.2 vs. 39.6 kg; p=0.001), leg bone mineral density (0.967 vs. 1.031 mg/cm3; p<0.001) and shorter exercise periods than HV, but none of these were associated with rates of falling. Furthermore, fall risk did not significantly and linearly increase with disease duration, disease activity score and physical status among the patients with RA. Table 1. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of predictors of falls adjusted for possible confounders Fall Odd ratio 95%CI P value Advanced age (>60 y) 1.620 0.936-2.807 0.085 Gender (male) 0.983 0.415-2.328 0.968 Low BMI (<22 kg/m2) 0.659 0.373-1.165 0.151 Smoking 0.864 0.400-1.864 0.709 History of falling 2.711 1.519-4.837 <0.001 RA 1.052 0.608-1.822 0.856 Conclusions We concluded that the fall rate is not higher in patients with RA than in healthy volunteers and that only a history of falls plays a role in increasing the risk of falls. Disclosure of Interest Y. Sugioka: None Declared, T. Koike Grant/Research support from: Takeda Pharmaceutical, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Eisai, Abbott Japan, Teijin Pharma, Banyu Pharmaceutical and Ono Pharmaceutical, K. Mamoto: None Declared, T. Okano: None Declared, M. Tada: None Declared, S. Wakitani: None Declared, H. Nakamura Grant/Research support from: Chugai Pharmaceutical, Astellas Pharma Inc.,Janssen Pharmaceutica, GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer Inc. and Daiichi Sankyo, INC., Speakers Bureau: Ono Pharmaceutical


The application of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) schemes requires a more complete understanding of reservoirs than that accepted in primary and secondary production practices. Developments in every discipline involved require increased efforts from specialists with different backgrounds to express the implications of their respective findings in plain terms. A comparison of 3 reservoirs is used to illustrate some geometric characters which might be overlooked in reservoir modeling due to the difficulty in expressing them in numbers. Three Mannville (Lower Cretaceous) sand reservoirs from E.-central Alberta were selected by the Petroleum Recovery Institute to examine the feasibility of specific EOR processes: Chauvin South Sparky A and B (polymer), Provost-Upper Mannville B (steam), and David-Lloydminster A (polymer). In each case, the project started with a geologic study of the reservoir. The Reservoir Geometry section of each pool study is presented. Then a comparison is made to emphasize the differences in types of inter-well communication that can be anticipated.


Unlike other forms of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), herbal medi cine (phytomedicine) employs remedies possessing significant pharmacological activ ity and consequently potential adverse effects and drug interactions. The explosion in sales of herbal therapies has brought many products to the marketplace that do not conform to the standards of safety and efficacy that physicians and patients expect. Unfortunately, few surgeons question patients regarding their use of herbal medicines, and 70% of patients do not reveal their use of herbal medicines to their physicians and pharmacists (Eisenberg et al., 1993). All surgeons should question patients regarding the use of the following common herbal remedies, which may increase the risk of bleeding during surgical procedures: feverfew, garlic, ginger, gingko, Asian ginseng. Conversely, surgeons may employ herbal medicines such as aloe vera gel to aid in wound healing. When prescribing herbal medicines, practitioners are advised to select manufacturers who adhere to the code of pharmaceutical Good Manufacturing Process.


An innovative anode material of lithium-ion battery, Li3VO4/Ti3C2Tx, was synthesized. The overall three-dimensional electronic and ionic transport pathways were formed in anode, which promoted both electron and ion transport during the lithiation and delithiation processes.


Reconstructing 3D shapes from 2D images based on structured light is becoming an increasingly important topic in computer vision. However, low resolution and sensitive to environment illumination are the main restriction of this technology for practical application. This paper proposes a new color coded structured light technique for reconstructing object shape from a single image. This technique works by projecting a pattern of color stripes with white gaps and assigning the projected stripe color by color classification. The method can enhance the robustness with respect to uncontrolled environment illumination and color cross-talk. The stripe boundary is located accurately by local searching method. Additionally, we propose a technique to achieve dense shape reconstruction by shifting the same patterns. Practical experimental results are provided to demonstrate the performance of the proposed methods. Furthermore, 3D models with high quality and resolution were produced under uncontrolled light condition.


This paper presents a formalized proof of a discrete form of the
 Jordan Curve Theorem. It is based on a hypermap model of planar
 subdivisions, formal specifications and proofs assisted by the Coq
 system. Fundamental properties are proven by structural or
 noetherian induction: Genus Theorem, Euler's Formula, constructive
 planarity criteria. A notion of ring of faces is inductively
 defined and a Jordan Curve Theorem is stated and proven for any
 planar hypermap.