The notion of a low carbon transition is beguilingly simple. We use too much of the wrong sort of energy. We need to use the right sort of energy, and we need to use less of it.


Supralinear response is observed for thermoluminescence (TL) of several X-irradiated alkali halides such as KCl and KBr containing about 100 ppm of Sr2+ ions and Cu+ ions less than 10 ppm. It is shown that the simple equation previously proposed to describe the TL response of LiF TLD-100 can also account for the TL process of the other alkali halides. The transition probability (α) appearing in the equation is found to be related to the absorbed dose for saturation (Ds) as αDs=const.


In the Industrial Revolution, the steam engine was the main technical means of production and the underlying paradigm was mechanics. The contemporary model of production is electronically manipulated, processed and encoded information.Cultural change, essentially marked by information technology and communications, is not accidental, something which only touches man peripherally. The mutations that are the direct result of technological development have an effect on the person, on all persons, institutions, on the dynamics of dialogue, on families and communities, on how we educate, changing the way we think, feel, see and interact with reality, with others and with God. We must take into account man's new reality so we can continue to transmit the truth about man and the Gospel message to people today, using this new language, this new way of thinking and of seeing the world, life and history. This new culture is not simply an acquisition of technology, but real cultural change. Like the Apostles in the very beginning, we too are at the beginning of a "new history"; like them, we are custodians of the Lord's missionary command, missionaries of "the Digital Culture". A la Revolucio Industrial, el mitja tecnic central era la maquina a vapor i el paradigma subjacent era mecanicista. El model en l'era digital es la informacio, electronicament manipulada i processada. El canvi cultural, essencialment marcat per les tecnologies de la informacio i la comunicacio, no es una cosa accidental, que toca a l'home nomes de manera tangencial. Les mutacions, que resulten del desenvolupament tecnologic, actuen sobre la persona, les institucions, els dinamismes de dialeg, la configuracio de les families, les comunitats i l'educacio, i canvien la manera de pensar, de sentir, de veure i d'interaccionar amb la realitat, amb els altres i amb Deu. Cal tenir en compte la nova realitat de l'home per continuar transmetent la veritat de l'home i l'Evangeli a l'home d'avui, amb el seu nou llenguatge i manera de pensar i de concebre el mon, la vida i la historia. La nova cultura no es una simple adquisicio de tecnologies, sino un veritable canvi cultural.Com els apostols a l'inici, tambe nosaltres avui ens trobem com a l'inici d'una "nova historia"; aleshores, com ells, som dipositaris del mandat missioner del Senyor, missioners de la "cultura digital".


The paper presents test results concerning the relationship between selected input parameters and the process efficiency for the sanding of plaster surfaces with alundum abrasive discs. The input parameters under study were the size of the abrasive grains, the force exerted by the plaster sample pressing against the abrasive disc and the no-load rotational speed of the abrasive disc. The experimental data illustrating the relationship between the process efficiency and the particular input parameters were used to select the optimum plaster sanding conditions.


The present invention provides a test device for conductivity and electric equipment. The test device comprises: a square wave generation source used for generating a square wave signal; a first filter circuit connected to the square wave generation source and used for acquiring a sinusoidal signal without a DC component; a test electrode unit which comprises two groups of test electrodes connected in parallel, is connected to the first filter circuit, and is used for applying a test voltage to medium to be tested; a current detection circuit used for detecting a current signal flowing through the test electrode unit, and converting the detected current signal into a voltage signal; a switching circuit connected between the test electrode unit and the current detection circuit; and a signal processing circuit used for determining the conductivity of the medium to be tested. The technical scheme of the present invention can accurately test the conductivity of the medium to be tested on the premise of avoiding the test electrode from being polarized, and can avoid the problems of inconvenient test and inaccurate test result caused by adoption of one group of test electrodes.


Abstract This article examines whether incorporating investors' uncertainty, as captured by the conditional volatility of sentiment, can help forecasting volatility of stock markets. In this regard, using the Markov-switching multifractal (MSM) model, we find that investors' uncertainty can substantially increase the accuracy of the forecasts of stock market volatility according to the forecast encompassing test. We further provide evidence that the MSM outperforms the dynamic conditional correlation-generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (DCC-GARCH) model.


According to the results of an independent study, last-minute agency nurses are a cost-effective way of covering unforeseen nursing shortages in NHS hospitals (Sanderson and Chaplin, 2004). This appears to turn conventional wisdom on its head, i.e. agency nurses can play an important role by delivering a highly cost-effective solution for short-term vacancies, particularly those that occur at the last minute. The fact that this flies in the face of popular opinion highlights the urgent need for more research.


Objective To approach the value of detecting CYFRA 21-1 in urine to diagnose transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.Methods To compare the value of CYFRA 21-1 in the patients with carcinoma of the bladder and the patients with urinary system benign lesion and the patients with healthiness.Results The result of bladder cancer was obviously higher than that in the other groups(P0.001);comparing the results of the urinary system benign lesion and the group with healthiness had no statistical significance(P0.05);comparing the results of metastasis and non-metastasis patients with bladder cancer had statistical significance(P0.01).Conclusion The value of the CYFRA 21-1 in urine has important clinical significance in the diagnoses of bladder cancer and metastasis.


Covering-based rough sets, as a technique of granular computing, can be a useful tool for dealing with inexact, uncertain or vague knowledge in information systems. Matroids generalize linear independence in vector spaces, graph theory and provide well established platforms for greedy algorithm design. In this paper, we construct three types of matroidal structures of covering-based rough sets. Moreover, through these three types of matroids, we study the relationships among these matroids induced by six types of covering-based upper approximation operators. First, we construct three families of sets by indiscernible neighborhoods, neighborhoods and close friends, respectively. Moreover, we prove that they satisfy independent set axioms of matroids. In this way, three types of matroidal structures of covering-based rough sets are constructed. Secondly, we study some characteristics of the three types of matroid, such as dependent sets, circuits, rank function and closure. Finally, by comparing independent sets, we study relationships among these matroids induced by six types of covering-based upper approximation operators.


A study was carried out to isolate and identify the active compounds from Melastoma malabathricum stem bark that exhibit anti-biofilm and anti-adherence activities against Streptococcus mutans. Purification of the active compounds from the stem bark extract was performed via silica gel chromatography to produce 12 fractions. Further fractionation of fraction 9 by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) produced 21 sub fractions. All the sub fractions were subjected to thin layer chromatography (TLC) bioautography as preliminary screening to determine anti bacterial activity. TLC-bioautography showed that sub fraction 18 (SF18) demonstrated large inhibited zone against S. mutans. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) was used to identify the active compounds in SF18. Fraction SF18 revealed 27 compounds such as hexanoic acid, 8-methyl-1-undecene, propanenitrile, and 1-decene. Anti-biofilm and anti-adherence activities were determined using crystal violet and glass surface assays respectively. Th...


ABSTRACT The main sources of uncertainty in the soil specification and mechanical behaviour consist of the lithological and heterogeneous randomness of soil deposits. It is quite obvious that the cone penetration testing (CPT) data and the variation of soil characteristics are not stationary. Hence, this paper investigates a new approach to realise a CPT data, taking both sources of uncertainty into consideration. In this regard, the first part of this study illustrates a simple approach to stratify the CPT data, using the Eslami–Fellenius chart of classification. In the second part, the non-stationary algorithm of generating random field is introduced to generate a multi-layer random field. This algorithm takes account of each layer's statistical properties (i.e. standard deviation, mean, and the trend value), separately. To validate the proposed approach, 41 case histories from different worldwide sites, have been regenerated by considering both the stationary and non-stationary algorithms. The correlation coefficient between real and realised CPT data has been employed to show that the proposed non-stationary algorithm can simulate the CPT data more accurately in comparison with the stationary algorithm.


Objective Discuss per urethra operation cured urethra stricture or atresia.Methods There were 46 examples urethra stricture or atresia,thereinto anterior urethra stricture or atresia 20 examples,posterior urethra stricture or atresia 26 examples.The nosogenesis was trauma 21 examples,medical source 15 examples,infectivity 10 examples.All cured with cryoprobe or electrotome.Results Ninteen examples healed by one time operation,18 examples made dilatation of urethra after operation,9 examples made per urethra operation again;curative effect was pleased by follow-up survey 3 to 25 months.Conclusion Per urethra operation cured urethra stricture or atresia with little injury,low-rate complication,high success ratio and satisfactory curative effect.


In his article, 'The Response of the Hermeneutic Social Sciences to a 'Post Carbon World' ', which appeared in the 2011, Vol. 1, issue 3 of the International Review of Social Research, Michael Redclift (2011) argues that sociologists have 'taken a back seat' in the debate about post-carbon societies. Why this is so is never elaborated, although the author suggests that it's related somehow to sociology's longstanding difficulties with policy agendas, and to its skittishness with biological explanations of human behaviour. There are, of course other reasons that aren't included in Redclift's discussion. In their critique of Constance LeverTracy's (2008a) article 'Global Warming and Sociology,' Reiner Grundmann and Nico Stehr (2010) offer two alternative explanations for 'sociological abstinence' on issues related to carbon dependence and climate change. First of all, they suggest that as anthropogenic climate change evolved from a science-based issue to top global policy issue, social scientists became gun-shy, avoiding a 'polarized debate where academic research might be


This paper presents a numerical method for modelling wear in
spherical composite liner bearings. These are bearings that
have two rings with spherical surfaces to form a ball joint. The
concave spherical surface of the outer ring is lined with a thin
composite liner material which is a made of a woven fabric
impregnated with a thermoset resin. Two fibre types are used
in the fabric, a structural fibre and a solid lubricant fibre. The
liner is made up of two fabric layers impregnated with resin
that are bonded together between heated pressure plates. The
surface layer has a high proportion of the solid lubricant fibre
in its weave whilst the backing layer has a predominance of
structural fibres with fewer lubricant fibres. These bearings are
used extensively in reciprocating motion applications in the
aerospace industry.


Based on test of motor vehicle pollutant emission on typical street of Yangpu District in Shanghai,several factors of the real impact on motor vehicle pollutant emission levels were analyzed.Regarded different types of motor vehicle on road as the research object,emission factors of different types of motor vehicle in light of the actual experimental data were calculated,the relationships of the pollutant emission with the different types of motor vehicle in real road traffic network were revealed,and pollutant emission model of motor vehicle was put forward to plan the transportation with control vehicle pollutant emission effectively.


The National Center for Higher Studies (CAEN) was founded based on the critical thinking of Major General Jose del Carmen Marin, who pointed out that the dogmatic ideas and concepts that serve as the basis of a State's public policies must be interpreted according to the national reality, in order to provide welfare to society; for this reason, the research carried out focused on the validity and currency of Marin's thinking 70 years after the foundation of CAEN. The research was of a historical-descriptive type, with a qualitative approach and a non-experimental design, and the population was made up of the historical bibliographic material in which Marin's thought was expressed, the selected sample being the articles and documents found in the university libraries. From Peru. The results found showed that Marin thought was forged based on the General's experiences, which generated turning points that allowed him to change the interpretation of the concepts used literally, to a situational interpretation, allowing him to promote measures that guarantee the citizen welfare in relation to national security and defense. It was concluded that the National Agreement, approved on April 29, 2019, called Vision of Peru by 2050, reflects the validity and currency of Marin's thinking, since it focuses on the decisions made at a given time does not affect the well-being of future generations, which is related to the critical thinking enunciated by Marin 70 years ago.


Atrial inversion (or mirror-imaged atrial arrangement) occurring in isolation, that is, without corresponding mirror imagery of the viscera, has been previously shown with discordant atrioventricular connections resulting in transposition physiology. We hereby report a case of "isolated atrial inversion" wherein atrioventricular connections were concordant owing to the presence of criss-crossing of the ventricular inflows.


Transient processes in radiative transfer have recently become of interest in the modeling of astrophysical phenomena, particularly with regard to the brightness of novae, supernovae, and perhaps even galactic clouds adjacent to quasars. Analytic solutions to a particular class of Marshak wave problems are presented with and without the Marshak (Milne) boundary condition. The choice of boundary condition can have a decisive effect on the coupling of radiative energy to the material energy in the vicinity of a material boundary. The analytic solution obtained can be useful as a tool for calibrating numerical calculation techniques.


The effectiveness of a structured meeting system, incorporating weekly meetings, deadlines and task monitoring was evaluated with four middle managers. The manager/experimenter introduced the system according to a multiple-baseline across-subjects design, and each supervisee improved markedly during intervention on measures of timeliness and productivity. A behavioral analysis suggested that the meeting system changed both the manager's and the supervisees' contingencies, and made the planned consequence of manager approval more contingent on desired supervisee behavior.


ii Acknowledgments iv Statement of originality v Table of contents vi List of Appendices ix Operational Definitions xvi List of Abbreviations xvii List of Publications derived from this thesis xviii Chapter One 19 1.


Abstract : The objective of the program was to demonstrate the performance and cost savings of graphite/polysulfone. This objective was attained through a thirteen task program which cultimated in the design, fabrication and test of a full scale elevator torque box. The P-1700 polysulfone resin was selected and used with A-S unidirectional graphite fibers (Hercules 3004/A-S/P1700 prepreg) and with T-300 woven graphite fibers (Hexcel T-3004/23x24, 811 Satin Prepreg). Tooling concepts, consolidation and post forming processes, and field repair procedures were developed. The graphite/thermoplastic elevator had a 27% weight savings as compared to the aluminum elevator, and a cost saving of 20%, by the tenth elevator shipset. A limited study of a Union Carbide proprietary thermoplastic, known as PKXA, which has much improved solvent resistance as compared to P-1700 polysulfone, was conducted. This limited study showed that PKXA appeared to be a viable substitute for P-1700 polysulfone. It is recommended that a further study of PKXA be made in order to further optimize the manufacturing procedures for it.


The invention discloses a novel remote control-type sensor clamping device, which comprises a horizontal and vertical moving mechanism and a complete machine installation platform. As remote control is adopted by the sensor clamping device disclosed by the invention, people do not need to directly contact a measured product; the complete clamping device can move, and a sensor has multiple movement degrees of freedom, and is flexible and convenient in position detection; the defects that the traditional clamping device is troublesome to move, and the detection accuracy is lower by manually holding the clamping device in hand are solved, and the defect that other clamping devices are high in cost and complicated in structure, and the like are also overcome; the multi-degree of freedom change of the position of the sensor can be realized by simple lead screws and polish rod mechanisms; the novel remote control-type sensor clamping device is simple in structure and low in cost; furthermore, through a visual remote operation design, measurement is more convenient, and the sensor detection efficiency and the data acquisition accuracy are greatly improved.


This paper deals with the automatic construction of structural-geometrical models deriving from the analysis of object shape. The analysis is hierarchically guided by a rule-set which allows to capture the procedural knowledge, related to the image and to build a semantic network. The implemented system is concerned with binary images and is coded in Prolog language.


The individual in international law — Extradition — Extraditable crimes — Fiscal offences — Determined by reference to law of requesting State — The law of Germany.


Focusing on characterizing fully symmetric four-port devices using a two-port vector network analyzer (VNA), the authors formulate a new method of measurement in this paper. The device under test (DUT), is embedded in two probe pads and two auxiliary terminations for one to perform on-board measurement using two ground-signal-ground (GSG) probes and a two-port VNA. The DUT is a 30 GHz substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) Riblet short-slot hybrid with microstrip-to-waveguide transitions, and is fabricated on Rogers RO4003 reg substrate with 8 mil thickness. By taking advantage of the thru-reflection-line (TRL) calibration technique and the new method, the four-port scattering matrix (S-matrix) of DUT is reconstructed.


The fast growth of science and technology, particularly in the field of information technology (IT), has been of immense value to many countries (Vargo et al., 2021). Consequently, digital skills are crucial in the digital age. This study attempts to investigate the elements that influence Thai citizens' digital technology proficiency. To analyse the data, a linear regression analysis was undertaken. Age, education level, the average cost of digital devices in use, the primary reason for deciding to purchase a digital device, Internet package influencing digital device usage and access, speed, and availability of Internet network connectivity, stability of the Internet network, and the speed and stability of the Internet network being proportional to the cost of the Internet were found to influence the digital technology skills of Thai citizens. The study suggests, based on its results, that the government and relevant sectors should provide training in digital skills that is appropriate for people of diverse ages, as age is a crucial determinant of digital abilities.


Raw Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements have been available since 2016 in select Android smartphones. The availability of such observations allows smartphones users, in principle, to significantly improve the quality of GNSS-based positioning by applying customized and advanced positioning algorithms. However, the quality of such measurements is poor, mainly because of the low quality of smartphone hardware components and the nonideal environment in which phones are typically used. To overcome this problem and to separate the contribution of the hardware components and signal quality, dedicated test campaigns were carried out in a real environment and in a controlled-environment anechoic chamber using several different Android models. In addition, signal-processing techniques aimed at increasing the accuracy and precision of the solution were employed. Results show that the quality of the data captured in the anechoic chamber was significantly better than in real conditions. Furthermore, such analysis allows to underline certain phenomena in smartphones, such as the duty cycle, and to test the validity of anechoic environments for Android raw measurements.


Increasing anthropogenic CO2 emissions entering our oceans are increasing water acidity and might reduce the ability of lobsters to precipitate their CaCO3 cuticles. Larval lobsters are thought to be more susceptible to CO2-induced acidification than adults due in part to a relatively high molting frequency. We raised Homarus americanus larvae in separate systems at low, mid, and high pH levels to determine whether CO2-induced acidity impacts their growth, cuticle mineralization, and development rate throughout their four larval stages. We found that neither carapace length or dry carapace mass significantly differed among pH treatments, but dry body mass of stage III and IV larvae was significantly lower at low and mid pH relative to that of larvae at high pH (p<0.001). Percent calcium of larval carapaces was generally lower at decreased pH and significantly so for stage II larvae (p<0.05), whereas the same trend of percent phosphorous among pH treatments was not significant. Larvae in low and mid pH treatments also had delayed development to each larval stage (p<0.001). Trends of decreased body mass, reduced calcium, and reduced phosphorous at low pH suggest a thinner and weaker cuticle, and along with delayed development, may be the result of reallocation of energy away from growth and toward acid-base balance. These physiological changes may threaten fished H. americanus stocks by increasing larval susceptibility to predation, disease, and time until maturity is reached.


Scleroderma is a multisystem disease that involves the microvascular system and connective tissue. It is considered one of the most difficult rheumatic diseases to treat. Progression to functional disability requires rehabilitation with a multidisciplinary health team to improve the patient's quality of life. Despite having poor prognosis, recent improvements in diagnosis and treatment have led to increased patient survival, by implementation of interventions that avoid progressive tissue fibrosis and contractures, and use of appropriate integrated rehabilitation programs. Current literature on rehabilitation techniques consists of studies that evaluate the effectiveness of paraffin wax treatment, manual lymphatic drainage, hand and face stretching exercises, connective tissue massage, joint manipulation, splints, and aerobic and resistance training. There are very few randomized controlled trials. Most studies have small sample sizes and lack control groups, but with the exception of splints, they have shown improvement in joint mobility and hand function with the aforementioned interventions.


The maturity of teams is related to the specific solutions they are building and maintaining. Every team needs generic skills and capabilities for successful teamwork. However, depending on the used technology, particular skills and qualifications are required to form a mature team to handle the solution‐related products and services adequately. Especially in agile organizations, autonomous teams have the responsibility for their solutions and their team development. To foster transparency and structured team development, the Technical Team Maturity (TTM) approach is presented. The TTM approach shapes and models specific technologies, for example, cloud technology demands about team skills and capabilities to form a reliable delivery team. The approach is divided into a technology‐specific profile and an evaluation model to support active usage in teams. The profile focuses on abstract and generic technology aspects. The evaluation model validates against the profile with a state‐of‐the‐art focus about the technology application to determine the maturity. The different maturity levels are mapped to belts—as a gamification aspect to foster continuous improvement in the teams with this benchmark. TTM is evaluated in the enterprise context of Volkswagen AG and Volkswagen Financial Services AG. It provides insights into the effectiveness of this approach in heterogeneous multiteam settings and its strengths, weaknesses, and limitations.


We study linear and nonlinear dynamics of strained graphene lattices. We find the region of structural stability of flat graphene sheet in the space of two-component strain (exx, eyy) with x and y axes oriented along the zigzag and armchair directions, respectively. We demonstrate that a gap in the phonon spectrum appears when graphene is strained by uniaxial load either along zigzag or along armchair direction, while no gap appears for hydrostatic loading. We find that discrete breathers (DBs) can be generated when graphene is uniaxially loaded in zigzag direction, and the DB frequency decreases with the amplitude revealing soft-type anharmonicity. An unusual feature of the DBs observed in this system is that they can have the frequencies within the phonon spectrum. This can be explained by the fact that DBs are polarized along the armchair direction, while the band of phonon spectrum containing DB frequency is occupied by the phonons having only out-of-plane atomic displacements. DB does not radiate energy because even large in-plane displacements of atoms in flat graphene are only weakly coupled with out-of-plane displacements.


The levels of peridinin-chlorophyll a -protein (PCP) mRNA, apoprotein and protein bound with peridinin (holoprotein) were measured as a function of circadian time in the dinoflagellate Gonyaulax polyedra to test involvement of this protein in the circadian oxygen evolution rhythm. This involvement was suggested by previous work showing that synthesis of PCP was rhythmic in vivo and in phase with the three-fold rhythm of oxygen evolution. However, Gonyaulax contains six PCP isoforms, only one of which was previously examined. In this report, we extend our analysis to two additional isoforms to encompass roughly 90% of the total cellular PCP. We confirm that synthesis of two additional PCP isoforms is rhythmic in vivo and show that this regulation appears to occur at a translational level as found for two other regulated proteins in this organism. However, PCP is unlikely to be implicated in the oxygen evolution rhythm since both PCP protein levels and the amount of chromophore (OD480) bound to protein (OD280) are constant over a circadian period.


This article applies James Scott's anthropological analysis of domination practices to the field of Czechoslovak communist studies. In the first part, the article retraces the epistemology, as well as the use and abuse, of the term "totalita(rianism)" in the Czech public sphere in relation to the communist past. In the second part, it contrasts the "totalita" theory to the results of two oral, microhistorical studies that investigated life under communism: the first one was undertaken in the Czech town of Ceske Velenice at the border to Austria, the second in the Slovak town of Komarno at the border of Hungary. Through their answers, the interviewees expose the current history politics practiced in Prague as a political discourse that has little in common with everyday practices of communist rule. Far from presenting themselves as unilateral heroes or victims, the interviewees leave no doubt to the fact that the "border between good and bad" passed within each and every individual—or as Vaclav Havel put it, people did not support or oppose the system, they became the system.


This paper provides an axiomatic model of dynamic choice in which the decision maker is driven by anticipated ex-post regret. In the presence of dynamic inconsistency problem due to both arrival of new information and changing choice opportunities, we characterize a sophisticated behavior that plays backward induction. Moreover, we characterize consistent belief updating, which rules out the inconsistency due to arrival of new information and highlights the significance of inconsistency due to changing opportunities.


In this paper, we study the dissipative structure of first-order linear symmetric hyperbolic system with general relaxation and provide the algebraic characterization for the uniform dissipativity up to order 1. Our result extends the classical Shizuta–Kawashima condition for the case of symmetric relaxation, with a full generality and optimality.


While the growing of pineapples is well distributed in Puerto Rico, commercial plantings are confined chiefly to five main districts where the areas under, cultivation total over 2,500 acres. These districts lie mostly in the municipalities of Bayamón, Corozal, Cidra, and Arecibo in the Interior and on the north coast, and of'Lajas on the southwest coast. The pineapple crop has been a chief source of agricultural income in most of these districts and has returned in previous years about $1,750,000 annually for the island as a whole. I t is generally believed that the mealybug, Pseudococcus Ircvipes (Ckll.), has been responsible for decreasing this return and for causing the reduction or abandonment of some formerly high-producing areas.


The main topic of this article are traces of Ukrainian/Ruthenian language influences in historical anthroponymy of Lwów/Lviv Armenians. The research material was excerpted from parish registers of the Armenian Cathedral of Lwów from 1635 to 1732.
Lwów/Lviv was one of the most important centres of the Armenian diaspora (with most inhabitants on the Polish South-Eastern Borderlands). The first Armenians appeared in Lwów in the 14th century; from the 16th to the 18th century a new Armenian wave of migrants arrived.
The first medieval immigrants spoke Kipczak (Armeno-Kipczak), but wrote is using the Armenian alphabet; later, immigrants spoke Armenian (Western Armenian). Armenians were gradually Slavicized (mainly Polonized).
The analysis of the collected material showed that the antroponymic system of the Armenians residing in Lwów/Lviv contains features Ukrainian (Ruthenian) anthroponymy too. Ukrainian influences were also noted in terms of phonetics and morphology (suffixation).
The variety of first names in the documents studied covers 17 male names (20 together with the names morphologically derived from the personal name) and 8 female names (10 together with the names morphologically derived from the personal name).
Ukrainian names of Lwów/Lviv Armenians were predominantly Christian tradition, e.g.: male – Andrij (Андрій); Hryhor(ij) (Григор(ій); Serhij (Сергій); female – Kateryna/Kataryna (Катерина); Sofija (Софія); Warwara (Варвара). Few of them were pre-Christian names: two-part name Bohdan (Богдан) and proprialized appellative Hołub (< голуб "pigeon, dove").The material noted the derivated forms of full names too, e.g.: Nastka (Настка) < Anastasija (А)настасія); Iwaszko (Івашко) < Iwan (Іван).
Basing on the material there have been distinguished 32 surnames (including rudiments of surnames).
Among the family names most anthroponyms were anthroponymically underived (62,5%), e.g. Kohut (< когут "rooster, cock"); Krawec (< кравець "tailor"); *Wasyl (< Василь "Basil").
The share of surnames anthroponymically derived it was 37,5%; surnames of such type were formed with the use of the following formants: -owicz/-ewicz (75%), e.g. Łatynowicz (< латина "Latin"); Stepanowic(z) (< Степан "Stephen/Steven"); -enko, e.g. Z(o)łotenko (< золото "gold", золотий "gold; golden").


We demonstrate the existence of perfect soliton crystal states and develop the deterministic procedure for their excitation in Si3N4 microresonators. We show that despite exceptional symmetrical properties, their behavior is strongly linked to the chaotic regimes of the microresonator. © 2019 The Author(s)


Network isolation technology is widely used in protecting some networks on which important information are carried.A proxy method for some popular IM software is proposed in a security isolation system,in order to make it possible that clients in the protected LANs can communicate with other clients outside the protected LANs.MSN protocol is analyzed and a proxy for MSN Messenger in such isolation environment is designed and realized.


Relationship Status: It's Complicated The Sino-Vietnamese relationship is complex and multi-dimensional. Even as clashes between the Vietnamese and Chinese continue, including between their naval vessels in the disputed waters of the Paracels and Spratlys (Dobell 2014; Abuza 2014; People's Daily Online 2014; Chan 2014; China Military Online 2014), bilateral trade stood at US$58.5 billion in 2014, up by 16 per cent from 2013 about 10 per cent of Vietnam's exports – mainly food and natural resources – go to China (Abuza 2014). And while tourism between the two countries has dropped as bilateral relations deteriorated (Global Times 2015d), regular interactions at the sub-national level continue (Vietnam Breaking News 2014; Vietnam News Agency 2014; Vietnam Breaking News 2015).


Abstract Background and Aims Patients with co‐occurring substance use and other mental disorders are vulnerable to crime victimization, yet no evidence‐based preventive interventions exist. Our aim was to test the efficacy of a new intervention, Self‐wise, Other‐wise, Streetwise training (SOS training), to prevent victimization in these dual‐diagnosis patients as an add‐on to care as usual. Design Multi‐site single‐blind parallel randomized controlled trial. Setting Three sites within one psychiatric service in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Participants Adult in‐patients and out‐patients with dual diagnosis (n = 250), who were predominantly male (70.4%), aged on average 42.1 years, and diagnosed with 3.7 DSM‐IV disorders. Intervention and comparator Care as usual, consisting of pharmacotherapy combined with individual psychotherapy, group psychotherapy and/or supportive counselling (n = 125) was compared with care as usual plus SOS training: a 6‐week, 12‐session manualized group training focused on enhancing emotion regulation skills, conflict resolution skills and street skills (n = 125). Measurements Victimization was assessed with the Safety Monitor, the Dutch equivalent of the International Crime Victims Survey, in a face‐to‐face assessment. The primary outcome measure was treatment response (yes/no), with 'yes' defined as reporting at least a 50% reduction in the number of past‐year victimization incidents at the 14‐month follow‐up compared with baseline. Analyses were performed according to the intention‐to‐treat principle. Findings The proportion of participants achieving treatment response for total victimization was 54.0% in the control group and 67.6% in the experimental group, a significant difference [odds ratio (OR) = 1.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02–3.11, P = 0.042]. Treatment response for violent victimization was achieved by 68.7% of the control group and 79.3% of the experimental group (OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 0.91–3.34, P = 0.092). With a Bayes factor of 2.26, this result was inconclusive. Conclusions Among dual‐diagnosis patients, care as usual plus Self‐wise, Other‐wise, Streetwise training was more effective in preventing victimization than care as usual alone.


Abstract Castanopsis fargesii (Fagaceae) is a major dominant tree species in evergreen broad-leaved forests of subtropical China, with significant ecological and economical values. The complete chloroplast genome sequences of C. fargesii was reported based on the Illumina Hiseq 2500 platform. The complete chloroplast genome was 160,601 bp with a typical quadripartite structure, containing a pair of inverted repeated (IR) regions (25,693 bp) that was separated by a large single copy (LSC) region of 90,258 bp, and a small single copy (SSC) region of 18,987 bp. It harbours 123 functional genes, including 78 protein-coding genes, 37 transfer RNA and 8 ribosomal RNA genes. The ML phylogenetic analysis indicated C. fargesii is closely related to Castanopsis hainanensis.


Intermolecular pair-potential energy functions are given for all the unlike interactions of Ar, Kr, and Xe. The potentials are determined by direct inversion of experimental reduced viscosity collision integrals obtained from the corresponding-states correlation. The results are in good agreement with the potentials proposed by Ron Aziz.


Unmineable coal is an important resource because of its potential to produce coalbed methane (CBM). CBM has grown to supply approximately 10% of US natural gas production and is becoming important worldwide as an energy source [1]. Furthermore, when CO2 is injected, it has the potential to enhance the amount of methane produced (ECBM) and to geologically sequestrate CO2 as an adsorbed phase. Thus, coalbeds also present a potential sink for greenhouse gas storage. Despite this great potential, the feasibility of ECBM and sequestration of CO2 at a given site is still largely dependent on predictions from numerical modeling [2]. On the other hand, injection of CO2 will change coal properties [3]. These fundamental issues need to be investigated before simulation or field pilot test.


Abstract 645 Kruppel-like factors (KLFs) are a family of Cys2His2 zinc-finger DNA binding proteins that regulate gene expression through CACCC/GC/GT box binding in various gene promoters. The CACCC element is also critical for developmental regulation of the human γ-globin and β-globin genes; therefore studies to identify transcription factors that bind the CACCC element to alter gene expression are desirable. By microarray-based gene profiling, we identified two Kruppel-like factors, KLF4 and KLF12 whose expression levels decreased simultaneously with γ-globin silencing during in vitro erythroid maturation. Subsequent reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis confirmed KLF4 and KLF12 mRNA levels decreased 56-fold and 16-fold respectively in erythroid progenitors from day 7 to day 28 with over 90% γ-globin gene silencing. The effects of known fetal hemoglobin inducers hemin (50μM) and sodium butyrate (2mM) on KLF factor expression was tested in K562 cells. Hemin and sodium butyrate increased KLF4 3-fold (p Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Water infiltration of shaft-wall often occurs for many reasons,which affects the normal safety production seriously.The thickness of overburden soil of Qiuji coal mine is 320m,belonging to huge thick overburden.After this kind of incident happened,the urea-formaldehyde resin with changed character had been used for chemical grouting.Then the amount of water flow declined from 10m~3/h to 0.3m~3/h and got the satisfied result.Meanuhile,the purdah coming from the sury can take the function which strengthen stratum,decrease the subsided quantum,remove the hidden trouble of safety and portect the wall of well.


This article describes an innovative method of coupling polyurethane elastomer (based on polyurethane glycolysate) with constructional steel, by implementation of a Glaspur®—glass lacquer containing latent polyurethanes and monosilane adhesion promoters. The commonly applied coupling agent is Cilbond® 45SF glue or its derivatives. Additionally, glycolysate was synthesised from polyurethane waste and 1,3-propylene glycol in 6:1 proportion. Results of examination confirm the usefulness of the above-mentioned glass lacquer for preparing laminar polyurethane–steel elements. Strength tests unequivocally present higher tear resistance of elements prepared with lacquer than couplings with Cilbond.


This article discusses the process of forming the material and technical basis of higher professional educational institutions of the Lower Volga region in 1930s. The author analyzes the sourcing of universities, reveals problems of classroom and housing funds formation, features of this process in the Lower Volga region.


16. Brooks DJ, Frackowiak RSJ, Lamertsma AA, Heroold S, Leenders Kl, Selwyn AP, Turton DR, Brady F, Jones T. A comparison between regional cerebral blood flow measurements obtained in human subjects using "C-methylalbumin microspheres, the C1502 steady state method and positron emission tomography. Actu Neurol Scand 1986: 73: 41-22. 17. Van Heertum RL, Tikofsky RS. Advances in cerebral SPECT imaging: an atlas and guideline for practitioners. Philadelphia. 1989. Lea & Febringer. P62. 18. Holman BL, Devous MD. Functional brain spect: the emergence of a powerful clinical method. ] Nucl Med 1992: 33: 1888-1904. 19. Squire L, ojemann J, Miezin F et al. A functional anatomical study of human memory. Soc Neuroci Abst 1991: 17 4. 20. Piez CW, Homan BL. Single photon emission computed tomography. Cornput Radio1 1985: 9: 201-211. 21. Postiglione A, Lassen NA, Holman BL. Cerebral blood flow in patients with dementia of Altheimer's type. Aging Milano


With the advent of advanced MRI techniques it has become possible to study axonal white matter non-invasively and in great detail. Measuring the various parameters of the long-range connections of the brain opens up the possibility to build and refine detailed models of large-scale neuronal activity. One particular challenge is to find a mathematical description of action potential propagation that is sufficiently simple, yet still biologically plausible to model signal transmission across entire axonal fibre bundles. We develop a mathematical framework in which we replace the Hodgkin-Huxley dynamics by a leaky integrate-and-fire model with passive sub-threshold dynamics and explicit, threshold-activated ion channel currents. This allows us to study in detail the influence of the various model parameters on the action potential velocity and on the entrainment of action potentials between ephaptically coupled fibres without having to recur to numerical simulations. Specifically, we recover known results regarding the influence of axon diameter, node of Ranvier length and internode length on the velocity of action potentials. Additionally, we find that the velocity depends more strongly on the thickness of the myelin sheath than was suggested by previous theoretical studies. We further explain the slowing down and synchronisation of action potentials in ephaptically coupled fibres by their dynamic interaction. In summary, this study presents a solution to incorporate detailed axonal parameters into a whole-brain modelling framework. Author summary With more and more data becoming available on white-matter tracts, the need arises to develop modelling frameworks that incorporate these data at the whole-brain level. This requires the development of efficient mathematical schemes to study parameter dependencies that can then be matched with data, in particular the speed of action potentials that cause delays between brain regions. Here, we develop a method that describes the formation of action potentials by threshold activated currents, often referred to as spike-diffuse-spike modelling. A particular focus of our study is the dependence of the speed of action potentials on structural parameters. We find that the diameter of axons and the thickness of the myelin sheath have a strong influence on the speed, whereas the length of myelinated segments and node of Ranvier length have only a marginal effect. In addition to examining single axons, we demonstrate that action potentials between nearby axons can synchronise and slow down their propagation speed.


Dependence of space charge distribution on voltage m application time is observed by pulsed electro-acoustic method in silicone rubber sample. Aluminum and copper are used as lower and upper electrodes, and a dc electric stress of 5-70 kV/mm is applied. Test results show that the primary space charges in samples are heteropolar under low and high electric stress, but the space charges inside silicone rubber adjacent copper electrode may change to homopolar charges under medium electric stress, originated from injected and migrated charges. The heteropolar charges inside silicone rubber adjacent aluminum electrode distribute in a wider scope under low stresses. The polarity of space charges in middle of sample depends on the polarity of aluminum electrode under high stress. An unstable phenomenon of space charges appears under electric stress of 70 kV/mm. It can be assumed as an indication of dielectric breakdown. The formation of charges is analyzed.


Congenital melanocytic nevi (CMN) occur in 1% of newborns. CMN are classified by projected adult size: small (<1.5 cm), medium (1.5 to 19.9 cm), and


Anaesthesia, like all other medical specialities continues to advance, with improvements in the agents used and techniques employed in order to minimise adverse effects to the patient. This review examines some of these advances and looks forward to what the future might hold in other areas. As well as purely technical advances, other facets of anaesthetic service provision are reviewed, paying particular attention to how to provide a high quality service within the constraints of current working time legislation and revalidation. Introduction Anaesthesia is defined by the American Board of Anaesthesiology (1) as the practice of medicine providing insensibility to pain during surgical, obstetric, therapeutic and diagnostic procedures; it also monitors and restores homeostasis during the perioperative period ensuring that the patient suffers no harm during the operation. General anaesthesia has become increasingly safe since William Morton's successful demonstration of its use over 150 years ago, such that the risk associated with it has become almost immeasurably small: the mortality rate attributable solely to anaesthesia is less than one death in 200,000 procedures (2). New developments in anaesthetic practice therefore, are focussed on the reduction of anaesthetic-associated morbidity and increasing the quality of perioperative management. Anaesthesia as a speciality is constantly growing, not only due to the increase in the number of patients undergoing surgery, but because its practice is extending into many diverse areas within health care, such as chronic pain management and intensive care. This review however limits itself to the practice of anaesthesia for surgery and obstetric care, including the periand postoperative period. ANAESTHETIC AGENTS Volatile anaesthetics The discovery of ether anaesthesia made modern surgery possible. Successive improvements have produced today's inhaled anaesthetics, compounds that allow precise control over the anaesthetic state without compromising safety. This control continues throughout the induction, maintenance and recovery from anaesthesia, some of the features required of the "ideal anaesthetic agent"(3). The characteristics of the various inhalational agents are dependant on the agent's chemical structure, for example, its molecular stability will permit elimination of the unmetabolised anaesthetic molecule in expired air and show resistance to degradation by carbon dioxide absorbents. The greatest emphasis however is placed on the rapidity of onset and offset of volatile agents. This characteristic is dependent on both the blood and tissue solubility of the agent; the lower the solubility, the faster the blood and brain tissue levels change either up or down. In the past, halogenation of ether has produced agents such as halothane, enflurane and isoflurane and has led to a decrease in ether's solubility, improving its profile as a volatile agent. Manipulation of the chemical structures of present agents will lead to further improvements (Figure 1). Lt Col DAFH Parkhouse MBBS BSc FRCA RAMC Consultant Anaesthetist 16 Close Support Medical Regiment, 16 Air Assault Brigade, Goojerat Barracks, Colchester. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com J R Army Med Corps 2004; 150: 124-133


Example: Lean Gain Is Enhanced by Leucine Pulses during Continuous Feeding in Neonates Teresa A Davis, Claire Boutry, Samer El-Kadi, Agus Suryawan, Julia Steinhoff-Wagner, Barbara Stoll, Renan Orellana, Hanh Nguyen, and Marta L Fiorotto Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX Objective: Patients who are unable to feed orally can be nourished by orogastric tube on an intermittent bolus or continuous schedule. We have shown in neonatal pigs that continuous feeding reduces protein synthesis and blunts protein deposition in muscle compared with intermittent bolus feeding. Our objective was to determine whether pulses of the amino acid leucine can be used to trigger the activation of the intracellular signaling pathway that regulates protein synthesis and thereby promote muscle growth during continuous feeding in neonates. Methods: Twenty-three piglets (7-d-old) were fed continuously a milk replacement formula via orogastric tube for 21 d with an additional parenteral infusion of either leucine (800 μmol•kg-1•h-1, LEU) or alanine (isonitrogenous control, ALA) for 1 h every 4 h. Body composition (DXA), plasma hormone and substrate concentrations, fractional protein synthesis rates, and translation initiation factor activation were determined. Results: At 21 d, body weight was higher, lean gain was greater, and fat gain was lower in LEU than in ALA pigs (P <0.05). Longissimus dorsi (LD), gastrocnemius, and soleus muscles weights were heavier in LEU than ALA (P <0.05) with no effect of treatment on liver, small intestine, and heart weights. Fractional protein synthesis rate and indices of translation initiation signaling, i.e., phosphorylation of mTORC1, 4EBP1 and S6K1, and formation of the active eIF4E•eIF4G complex, in LD muscle were greater in the LEU than ALA group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Administration of leucine pulses during 21 d of continuous feeding decreases fat gain and increases lean gain by stimulating the translation initiation pathway leading to protein synthesis in skeletal muscle of neonates. Supported by: NIH AR444474, USDA/ARS 6250-51000-055, NICHD HD072891, and USDA NIFA 201367015-20438 Starting a New Abstract. After creating a log in Step 1) Read the instructions Step 2) Start a new abstract. Create a descriptive title.


This research is an attempt of offering a moral reading of Shakespeare's Othello through The Nasirean Ethics (Akhlaq-i Naṣiri) by Naṣir Al-Din Al-Ṭuṣi. It aims to analyse the ethical life of the characters in it, how virtues and vices of a human soul are being reflected, as well as the social and political life in Othello as reflected by the interaction of its characters. In conducting the research, excerpts from the play are accordingly collected and investigated, and for the primary discussion, the selective materials from The Nasirean Ethics of Al-Ṭuṣi are employed. The result of the research shows that in man's existence within the universe, cultivating virtue and removing vices are things of most importance. Othello, Iago, and Roderigo are perplexed by the vices of the soul, a quality when the golden mean of virtue is not at equilibrium. In social and political life, the ethical components of justice and love are necessary as well as the presence of law, just arbitrator, and money. This research suggests that the cultivation of morality and ethics should be the ground of every civilization.


Abstract : We develop an algorithm to guide the use of computer simulations in the design of application-specific adaptive optics (AO) systems. We then use this method to specify the number of deformable-mirror actuators and closed-loop bandwidth for the Advanced Electro-Optical System (AEOS) telescope AO system. To develop the algorithm we present analysis to show the normalized on-axis intensity can be minimized for a given AO configuration by selecting an optimum imaging wavelength. This wavelength minimizes the combined effects of diffraction, which increases with wavelength, and residual (post-compensation) phase aberration, which decreases as wavelength increases. We also show that the closed-loop AO bandwidth minimizing the sum of wavefront sensor noise error and control loop lag error is independent of wavelength. This allows the optimum bandwidth-wavelength combination for any AO configuration to be calculated non-iteratively in two steps. We describe a high-fidelity computer simulation and measures of merit used to select from among four candidate configurations. Finally, we present simulation results used to select the AEOS adaptive optics configuration and recommend the AEOS system use approximately 700 actuators with a maximum closed-loop bandwidth of at least 400 Hz. (MM)


In a laboratory study, metals leached from cement–mortar linings at levels that suggest water suppliers should be selective when choosing cement for lining pipes.


The primary objective of the current study is to perform an analysis of four excerpts taken from three Spanish versions of The Tell-Tale Heart from Ernst-August Gutt's (1989) cognitive approach to translation. This translation perspective is fundamentally rooted in Dan Sperber and Deirdre Wilson's (1986) cognitive proposal and their Principle of Relevance. E. A. Gutt conceives of translation as an example of interpretive resemblance, which occurs in the act of inferential ostensive communication. More specifically, this study focuses on exploring the interpretive resources activated by the translator as a receptor of a literary text when inferring the implicit content from the source text —same propositions and resembling implicatures— and communicating them to the target text reader.


The author introduces the thinking source and factors of modern building,analyzes the theory view and design method of modern architecture,studies the design form,technology and characteristics of modernism architecture,based on the design sprite of two architectural master discusses the modernism architecture,so as to help people recognize the multiple development of modernism architecture.


"Sensation" in the early 1860s was more than just a series of scandalous novels. Critics hurled the insult at any object that courted novelty, from mouthwash to photographs. This essay examines an aspect of sensation's visual culture in "carto-mania," the craze for cartes-de-visite that inspired the creation and collection of millions of small photographic portraits. The carte introduced a new kind of celebrity, one based on image, notoriety, and a fleeting kind of fame familiar to us from today's tabloid culture. The greatest sensations were generated by cartes of questionable women—actresses, courtesans, and female criminals. Like the sensation novel, the carte upended traditional divides of class and gender by foregrounding powerful women of dubious backgrounds.


Coronary heart disease(CHD) is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases in modern society.The researches on the risk factors of CHD focus on some irreversible factors,including age,gender,family history,etc,and some convertible factors,such as high blood lipids,hypertension,diabetes,body weight,eating habits and environmental factors.However,the impacts of these risk factors differ between men and women,and an insight into these differences is very important for the primary prevention of CHD.


We present two integrable discretizations of a general differential–difference bicomponent Volterra system. The results are obtained by discretizing directly the corresponding Hirota bilinear equations in two different ways. Multisoliton solutions are presented together with a new discrete form of Lotka–Volterra equation obtained by an alternative bilinearization.


Named Data Networking (NDN) is a new network architecture derived from the success of the Internet. Specifically, NDN addresses and identifies data by naming. Source and destination host addresses are not required for data communication in the NDN because the data is uniquely named instead. In the NDN network, the Forwarding Information Base (FIB) table is responsible for data forwarding, the Pending Interest Table (PIT) is liable for holding the state of data forwarding process, and the Content Store (CS) is used to stock data chunks within the network to optimize the forwarding time to the data without contacting to the content producer. All these data structures consume the memory of devices existing in the Named Data Networking of Things (NDNoT). Accordingly, the size of the FIB, PIT and CS needs to be carefully adjusted in NDNoT environments for performance tuning and Quality of Service (QoS) provisioning. In this study, we explore the issues of FIB sizing on average and maximum occupancy, reliability and maximum delay for constant bit rate (CBR) traffic where each content producer is addressed with a prefix name in the Cooja simulator environment. The results indicate that FIB table size has an impact on the reliability and maximum delay. During the number of records in FIB outpaces the count of nodes in the network, the reliability decreases gradually. Therefore, in constrained NDNoT environment careful allocation of the memory among FIB, PIT and CS becomes an important issue. According to our knowledge so far, this work is the first study showing the effect of FIB table on the performance in an NDNoT environment.


We will describe two topics in which structural information on complexes of zeolites is obtained from solid state NMR. In the first, recent work on the determination of the complete three-dimensional structures of the complexes of zeolites with organic sorbates will be briefly reported. The method has been optimized and the presentation of the results systematized. In the second topic, we will describe how solid state NMR can be used in the reverse sense to probe for the existence and structures of "nanocrystals" whose dimensions are too small to give proper Bragg scattering and which have been proposed to be the synthesis route for the formation of zeolite ZSM-5. In this study, the spectral parameters of "probe" template molecules are used as being diagnostic of whether the local environment of the framework has been formed. These are independent of the "crystal" dimensions and this general approach may be applicable to other similar "nano" systems.


Background Food allergy is common in children and its prevalence is generally on the rise. Imprecise parental reports about reactions to particular foods can lead to unnecessary restrictions. Since children have specific growth requirements, such nutritional restrictions may have disturbing effects on children's growth and development. Objective To compare parental reports on food reactions to skin prick test results in their children. Method Retrospective, cross sectional study using patient's medical record data during one-year study period. Data were analyzed manually and statistically, to assess the degree of agreement (Kappa's coefficient) and significance (P). Results We collected data from 154 subjects aged 0-18 years. For every allergen assessed, parents reported more food reactions than positive skin prick test results. Allergy incidence were caused, in order, by cow's milk and chicken (25.3%), eggs (22.1%), chocolate (20.1%), fruits (14.3%), seafood (13%), and saltwater fish (1.9%). Kappa coefficient are all poor (<0.2) and P value are all >0.05 except for chicken (P=0.02). Conclusion Most parents tend to overestimate which food cause reactions in their children, as reactions reported were not necessarily allergenic. Therefore, every patient experiencing allergy reactions should undergo skin prick testing to confirm the possibility of allergy. [Paediatr Indones. 2018;58:59-65; doi: http://dx.doi. org/10.14238/pi58.1.2018.59-65].


An automatic grid generation algorithm for complex computational geometry is proposed to deal with the moving phase change interface during a cryosurgerical process. When the algorithm is incorporated into the dual reciprocity boundary element method, the freezing process of the biological bodies embedded with tumor and subjected to surface cryo-probe is successfully simulated. Some of the heat transfer mechanisms are thus better understood.


Disclosed herein is a dual feeding chip antenna. The dual feeding chip antenna includes a dielectric substrate. A general transmission/reception antenna component comprised of a first conductor pattern is formed on a portion of a dielectric substrate. A diversity antenna component comprised of a second conductor pattern is formed on another portion of the dielectric substrate. A first feeding terminal is formed on one end of the general transmission/reception antenna component to connect the general transmission/reception antenna component to both transmission and reception terminals. A second feeding terminal is formed on one end of the diversity antenna component to connect the diversity antenna component to the reception terminal.


Background: In chronic diseases such as chronic spontaneous ur ticaria (CSU), after subcutaneous injection, problem s such as pain, ecchymosis and hematoma may arise due to t h injection technique. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effec t of shotblocker on pain, anxiety and satisfaction levels in subcutaneous injection of CSU patients. Methods: A randomized placebo-controlled was used for this study. Data were collected by including 90 patients out of 125 patients in Turkey. Patients were divided into three groups as interven tion, control and shotblocker group. Results: In this study; 76.7% of the patients in the shotbl ocker group stated that had no fear of injection, 8 6.7% of them had subcutaneous omalizumab injections 5 times or more, and 76.7% of them found that the injections were m ildly painful. The satisfaction of the shotblocker group after injecti on was found to be statistically significant from t he other groups. As a result of the assessment of pain and level of anxiety afte r inj ction; there was not statistically significan t difference between shot blocker, placebo and control groups. Conclusion: It is thought that shotblocker might be presented to patients as an option on account of it is easy a nd cost effective to use. It is recommended to support the result with further studies, since there have not b een any similar study examples in subcutaneous (SC) omalizumab injection i n chronic spontaneous urticaria patients.


To meet request of the accelerated development of the new military revolution,the medical affair depart- ment should construct a new work mode in which decision-making awareness will enhance to support the leaders and form decision-making mode;the study of specialty knowledge will be strengthen to realized learning mode; the service consciousness will be improved to form service mode;the decision-making will be published to form clarity mode;and work procedure will be simplified to improve work efficiency and form high-efficiency mode.


Fourteen speakers were studied for speech motor functions 10-144 months after resection of oral structures. Twelve speakers still had speech defects ranging from mild articulatory problems to severe unintelligibility. The most severe defects correlated with the most deviant FllFZ distributions showing either generally centralised formant values or lowered F2~ frequencies, especially for the front


The amount of the soluble casein formed by cooling was much larger in the concentrated whey protein-free milk (WPF milk) heated at 135~ 140%C for 15 sec than in the unhealed one. In the case of the heated concentrated WPF milk, the amount of soluble casein increased remarkably during the first 1 hr of cooling and gradually thereafter, while in the case of the unhealed one the equilibrium between soluble and micellar casein was established after 1 hr of cooling. The temperature-dependent conversion of micellar casein to soluble casein was reversible in both the heated and the unhealed concentrated WPF milk. The soluble casein formed by cooling bound a small amount of calcium. The K- and αS-casein contents of the soluble casein formed by cooling the heated concentrated WPF milk were somewhat higher than those of the soluble casein formed by cooling the unhealed one.It is considered from the above results that the structure of casein micelles is loosened by heat treatment of concentrated milk.


Ru/ZrO2/Co/SiO2 was prepared via a co-precipitation and an incipient wetness impregnation methods and characterized by XRD and XANES. To study the effect of promoters on reduction of active cobalt species on the catalyst, Ru/ZrO2/Co/SiO2, ZrO2/Co/SiO2, Ru/Co/SiO2, and Co/SiO2 were observed by in situ XANES. The results showed no Co(0) on Co/SiO2 whereas Ru/Co/SiO2 was reduced to 37.5% Co(0). ZrO2 exhibited less effect on the reduction of Co species. Ru/ZrO2/Co/SiO2 diluted with quartz as the same composition ratio in the synthetic reaction was investigated producing 34.9% Co(0) and 65.1% CoO after reduction. Fischer-Tropsch product selectivity from the reaction over Ru/ZrO2/Co/SiO2 catalyst was observed in terms of chain growth probabilities of nparaffins as a function of carbon numbers and as a function of time during self-organization of the catalyst. The growth probability of paraffins with high carbon number was high at 72 h indicating the steady state of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.


A numerical study has been conducted for natural convection of air in a three dimensional inclined annulus enclosure. This study wills exam the effect of fibres filler in composite material of inclined enclosure on heat transfer. Two types of optimization will be performed in terms of effective thermal conductivity: minimization and maximization of thermal conductivity. The annulus material is made of Graphite/epoxy laminated composite materials. The annulus enclosure is filled with porous media between two inclined concentric cylinders with 12 fins attached to the inner cylinder. The system is under steady state condition and constant walls temperature boundary condition. The parameters affected on the system are modified Rayleigh number (10 ≤Ra≤ 500) and the annulus inclination angle δ (0, 30, 45, 60 and 90). For all parameters, results showed that the average Nu number decrease with the increase of δ for high values of Ra and increases with an increase in modified Rayleigh number but for low values of Ra, the effect of δ on the average Nu will be low. The deviation between the average Nu for the maximization and minimization of the thermal conductivity is equal to 5.1% for horizontal annulus δ=0 and 10% for vertical annulus δ=90. A correlation for the average Nusselt number in terms of Ra and δ, has been developed for the outer cold cylinder.


Can TCEs crumble under the protection of intellectual property? This question is prompted by the disparity between the characteristics of TCEs and the intellectual property protection criteria. This article emphasize the necessity and significance of establishing a system outside the Intellectual Property system or special protection (sui generis) to protect TCEs because intellectual property law cannot be modified to accommodate TCEs. The law of intellectual property only protects the moral and economic rights of individuals, not cultural or communal rights. Other opinions contend that the existing intellectual property law, particularly copyright law, does not require a new system because the creation of another system is a waste of resources and the state may not be able to fund it. In reality, what must be taken into account is the extent to which ethnic communities control their TCEs.


The essay that began the collection opens with a metaphor drawn from the Grimm tale of Snow White. The authors ask us to consider the stepmother's mirror who informs the Queen that her beauty had faded with age. The mirror is an apt image for more than one of the essays in this volume. Underlying each of the essays is an exploration at the self-understanding of the direction of life and the mechanisms moving us through time. If contradictions and variations


We demonstrate for the first time epitaxially grown InGaAs macaroni channel down to 15 nm thickness for 3-D NAND with a low temperature (< 575 °C) process. The epitaxial InGaAs macaroni channel is selectively grown inside memory hole, with different compositions of In and Ga, by replacing an a-Si sacrificial channel. InGaAs macaroni channel has improved gate control over the InGaAs full channel. As a result, lower IOFF w.r.t. full channel is demonstrated, while retaining a similar ION of full channel InGaAs and same memory performance.


153 United States. Charles Baylis did his work at the University of South Florida in the United States. Giovanni Loglio did his work at Universita di Firenze in Italy. Two of the six fellowships are work currently ongoing. Maciej Myslinski is doing his work at Katholieke Universiteit Leuven in Belgium. Seok Joo Doo is doing his work at Ohio State University in the United States. Students must use part of the fellowship money to attend an ARFTG conference to present their work and to experience the ARFTG community. It is our hope that students enjoy the challenge, the work, the test and measurement community, and ultimately the ARFTG experience and thus choose this field as their career. One member of this select group, Uwe Arz, has had the honor of being elected to the ARFTG Executive Committee! For announcements of future ARFTG Microwave Measurement Student Fellowship competitions visit the ARFTG Web site (http://www. arftg.org). —Dave Walker


Wireless communication networks remain underattack with ill-intentioned "hackers" routinely gaining unauthorized access through Wireless Access Points(WAPs)–one of the most vulnerable points in an informationtechnology system. The goal here is to demonstrate thefeasibility of using Radio Frequency (RF) air monitoring to augment conventional bit-level security at WAPs. The specific networks of interest are those based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), to include 802.11a/g WiFi and 4G 802.16 WiMAX. Proof-of-concept results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of a "Learningfrom Signals" (LFS) classifier with Gaussian kernel bandwidth parameters optimally determined through DifferentialEvolution (DE). The resultant DE-optimized LFS classifier is implemented within an RF "Distinct Native Attribute" (RFDNA) fingerprinting process using both Time Domain (TD) and Spectral Domain (SD) input features. The RF-DNA isused for intra-manufacturer (like-model devices from a given manufacturer) discrimination of IEEE compliant 802.11a WiFi devices and 802.16e WiMAX devices. A comparative performance assessment is provided using results from the proposed DE-optimized LFS classifier and a Bayesian-based Multiple Discriminant Analysis/Maximum Likelihood (MDA/ML) classifier as used in previous demonstrations. The assessment is performed using identical TD and SD fingerprint features for both classifiers. Finally, the impact of Gaussian, triangular, and uniform kernel functions on classifier performance is demonstrated. Preliminary resultsof the DE-optimized classifier are very promising, with correct classification improvement of 15% to 40% realized over the range of signal to noise ratios considered.


The reaction of Hf(CH2tBu)4 with a silica surface treated at 800 °C affords a unique surface organometallic species in only one surface environment, (⋮SiO)Hf(CH2tBu)3 (1-SiO2-(800)). In contrast, with SiO2-(500) two surface species, (⋮SiO)Hf(CH2tBu)3 (1-SiO2-(500)) and (⋮SiO)2Hf(CH2tBu)2 (2−SiO2-(500)), in a molar ratio of 70:30 are obtained. Thermal treatment of 1-SiO2-(800) at increasing temperatures leads to the successive evolution of neopentane, isobutene, and isobutane as well as several alkanes varying from C1 to C5. Polyisobutenes are also formed on the surface. The mechanism by which such decomposition occurs suggests a succession of γ-H eliminations with formation of neopentane followed by β-methyl transfer and formation of isobutene and [Hf]−Me. This isobutene is reinserted into [Hf]−Me with formation of isopentene and [Hf]−H. A comparison of the analytical data of 1-SiO2-(800) and (⋮SiO)Zr(CH2tBu)3 indicated the hafnium complex exhibits in EXAFS shorter Hf−C and Hf−O bonds and a larger Hf−Cα−C...


The recent analysis of the Planck 2018 polarization data shows a nonzero isotropic cosmic birefringence (ICB) that is not explained within the $\Lambda$CDM paradigm. We then explore the question of whether the nonzero ICB is interpreted by the framework of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT), or at the energy scales of the cosmic microwave background, the low-energy EFT (LEFT) whose dynamical degrees of freedom are five SM quarks and all neutral and charged leptons. Our systematic study reveals that any operator in the EFT on a cosmological background would not give the reported ICB angle, which is observationally consistent with frequency independence. In particular, we estimate the size of the ICB angle generated by the effect that the cosmic microwave background photons travel through the medium of the cosmic neutrino background with parity-violating neutrino-photon interactions and find that it would be too small to explain the data. If the reported ICB angle should be confirmed, then our result would indicate the existence of a new particle that is lighter than the electroweak scale and feebly interacting with the SM particles.


The total cross sections for disorientation (σ1) and disalignment (σ2) of 42P3/2 potassium atoms, induced in collisions with the ground-state atoms, have been determined using a modified Zeeman sca...


The invention relates to a composition of blue anthocyanin and crystallized sugar, a dragee comprising a core and at least one layer of the composition according to invention.L'invention also relates to a manufacturing method of the dragee according the invention, and as syrup containing anthocyanin bleue.L'invention finally relates to a blue anthocyanin stabilization process, by incorporating with granulated sugar.


A case study of commercial studies in London, Ontario, Canada, reveals one aspect of the complex interaction of curriculum change and subject status. During the 1920s, commercial educators at the London Technical and Commercial High School responded to a perceived marginalization of their subject's status by introducing two new courses. Since the decline of commercial studies had followed an influx of female students, and children coming from families headed by manual workers, the subject teachers designed the courses to attract males in one case, and children from higher income groups in the other. Thus, in an attempt to raise their own professional status, commercial educators at the school constructed a curriculum in which class and gender characteristics served to segregate students, structure their schooling experience, and provide differentiated educational outcomes.


The [3+2] cycloaddition of phenyliodonium bis(arylsulfonyl)methylides to α,β-enones affords exclusively TRANS, TRANS-configured 1-(arylsulfonyl)-2-aroyl-3-arylindanes. The initial electrophilic attack of the iodonium ylide on the alkenyl double bond of the chalcone, followed by cyclization of the dipolar species, and subsequent ejection of iodobenzene and sulfur dioxide, stereoselectively affords the indane cycloadduct.


This project looks at the eigenimage method of analysing a face and then going on to determine what emotional state the subject is in. This is done by using a single face space; done by projecting new images in the face space and determining which emotion closest matches the incoming image. All images undergo a normalisation process to eliminate noise and discrepancies. To easily extract images from everyday images the Viola-Jones algorithm is used which has already been trained. This could be used as a crowd control system to monitor aggression at potentially hostile events with mass attendance or implemented within the cars of people who suffer road rage, ensuring they don't cause damage or harm to other road users. A substantial amount of information is expressed and conveyed using the human face and humans have become very good at reading it. From large to subtle differences in the face, we are able to communicate information to each other even if we are unaware we are doing so. From the more obvious ones like smiling or an unhappy face to the more subtle ones such as being lost in thought or bewilderment and confusion. We are able to pick-up on these signals and communicate due to our inherently social nature. Even the difference from a real smile or a fake smile can be distinguished by the human eye. Humans may not know the reason but it is generally distinguishable.


As the founder of dentalhygieneanswers.com, Kara Vavrosky has heard a lot of questions this month. Here are some more of the ones that stuck out the most to her.


The synthesis, structure and biological activity of carbazole compounds has been long focus of research interests in the field of medicinal chemistry. 5,8-dibromo-5,6-dihydro(3,2-a)carbazole A have prepared in good yield by a free radical bromination reaction of 8-bromo-5,6-dihydro9(3,2-a)carbazole with N-bromosuccinimide in carbontetrachloride at ambient temperature.. Compound 2 have prepared by free radical brimination method in carbontetrachloride at 40°C. Synthesis of compound C have carried out by free radical bromination with 5-bromo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocyclopenta(b)indole as reactant, in dichloromethane at ambient temperature. Compound 2, 4, and 6 were synthesized by N-bromoacetylation method using bromoacetylbromide as reactant. All the synthesized compounds were characterized and confirmed by various instrumental techniques Viz, UV-visible, FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and Mass spectroscopy. All the synthesized compounds were subjected to the antibacterial evaluation with standard Ciprofloxacin. The results showed that the synthesized compounds exhibit excellent antibacterial activity.


The changes in the business environment in recent decades have influenced the use of new methods of funding capable of supporting business decisions. In Brazil the use of management accounting practices is recent, and therefore some cost methods are not used very often. The objective of this study was to verify the advantages of using the ABC method to correct business decisions. This study was guided by phenomenological paradigm and the methodology used was descriptive and exploratory. The development of research strategy was case study, the primary tactic to increase the reliability of the research and guide the researcher during its development was the collection of data and evidence through analysis of documents, observation, interviews and action research. After performing a literature review on the main aspects of managerial accounting for internal efficiency of companies and highlight the costing methods used today, describes the study conducted. The result obtained through a Likert attitude scale to measure the manager's perception on the use of ABC was favorable for the successes of business decisions even with the limitations attributed to the ABC method as the existence of low relevance of indirect costs in relation to total costs.


Voronoi tessellations of scale-invariant fractal sets are characterized by topological and metrical properties that are significantly different from those of natural cellular structures. As an example we analyse Voronoi diagrams of intermittent particle distributions generated by a directed percolation process in 2 + 1 dimensions. We observe that the average area of a cell increases much faster with the number of its neighbours than in natural cellular structures where Lewis' law predicts a linear behaviour. We propose and numerically verify a universal scaling law that relates shape and size of the cells in scale-invariant tessellations. An exponent, related to the topological properties of the tessellation, is introduced and estimated numerically.


The diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) associated with Larix gmelinii forest were investigated in the Great Xinganling mountains Inner Mongolia. Five different Larix gmelinii forest types and L. gmelinii forest burned areas were surveyed. Of the 53 AM fungal species belonging to four genera isolated from 90 soil samples, 25(47.17%) belonged to Acaulospora, 23(43.40%) to Glomus, 4(7.55%) to Entrophospora, and 1(1.89%) to Gigaspora. Acaulospora and Glomus were the dominant genera. A. lacunosa was dominant species of Ledum palustre-L. gmelinii virgin forest; A. lacunosa was the most common species of Herbage-L. gmelinii forest; Acaulospora sp. 3 and G. constrictum were the dominant species of Betula fruticosa-L. gmelinii forest; A. spinosa was dominant species of L. gmelinii clearcutting forest; Glomus sp. 3 was dominant species of L. gmelinii shelterwood; A. spinosa was dominant species of L. gmelinii forest burned areas. Of the five forest types, Betula fruticosa-L. gmelinii virgin forest had the mostbig spore densities, species richness, Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index. The spore densities had significant positive correlation with organic matter in the soil; while the spore richness had significant positive correlation with available P.


Background: Over the years, radiographic examinations is the most used diagnostic tools in Nigerian health care system but most diagnostic examinations carried out do not have records of patient doses. Lack of adequate information on patient doses has been a major hindrance in quantifying the radiological risk associated with radiographic examinations. This study aimed at estimating dose – area product (DAP) of patient examined in X – ray units in selected hospitals in Southern Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The standard projections selected are Chest Posterior-Anterior (PA), Abdomen Anterior-Posterior (AP), Pelvis AP, Pelvis Lateral (LAT), Skull AP/PA, Skull LAT, Lumbar Spine AP, Lumbar Spine, LAT. Measurement of entrance surface dose (ESD) was carried out using thermo luminescent dosimeter (TLD). Measured ESDs were converted into DAP using the beam area of patients. Results: The results show that the DAP ranged from 48 to 4804 mGycm with mean value of 937 mGycm for chest PA, 1470 to 1760 with mean value of 1649 mGycm for abdomen AP, 1482 to1680 with mean value of 1614 mGycm for pelvis AP, 1482 to1680 with mean value of 1609 mGycm for pelvis LAT, 720 to780 with mean value of 757 mGycm for skull AP/AP. 720 to 900 with mean value of 778 mGycm for skull LAT, 1170 to 1320 with mean value of 1211 mGycm for lumbar spine AP, 900 to1300 with mean value of 1160 mGycm for lumbar spine LAT.. Conclusion: The results obtained in this study when compared with those of NRPB-HPE were found to be higher. These are an indication of non optimization of operational conditions.


Abstract Redbrook Tinplate Works was the last of the 'hand-mill' works in Great Britain to close, in 1961. The works outlasted the others of its type by eight years. This was due chiefly to the fact that it manufactured the thinnest tinplate in the world at that time — the Redbrook 'Tagger'. The processes, hot-rolling, cold-rolling, pickling, annealing, tinning, dusting, sorting and packing are described. The development of the 'strip-mills' of South Wales, the advent of automation and highly sophisticated technology, with which Redbrook could not compete, brought about its demise.


Because of a lot of reasons, the shortage of money (silver) appeared in the Tang-Song Dynasty and the Ming-Qing Dynasty, each dynasty had been curried out a lot of measure to the shortage of money (silver). The shortage of money (silver) in the Tang- Song Dynasty and the Ming-Qing Dynasty is a typical deflation in history, and so it is worth studying and analyzing.


We evaluated the relationship between environmental indices and succession in the algal communities of artificial reefs near Lidao,Rongcheng.We documented species diversity and biomass on a quarterly basis between August 2009 and August 2010,about 3 years after the reefs were installed.We documented thirteen algal species belonging to three divisions.Of these,six species belonging to Rhodophyta dominated the flora numerically.Conversely,Phaeophyta had the highest biomass density(92.724 g/m2).The algal community had reached matur-ity after three years of development.The number of species and biomass were higher in summer and autumn than in spring and winter.Both cluster analysis and detrending correspondence analysis revealed 83.1% similarity be-tween algal communities in rock reefs and natural reefs.Both the biomass and diversity index were higher in algal communities in rock and natural reefs than in concrete reefs.PCA and DCA analysis suggested that temperature was the major environmental factor affecting the algal communities,explaining 47.6% of the variation.Nitrogen and phosphorus constituted secondary factors in the natural reef area whereas pH and dissolved oxygen(DO) lev-els were secondary in artificial reef areas.


Beam Induced Fluorescence (BIF) monitors offer the possibility for non-interceptive beam profile diagnostics and are therefore highly relevant for the future FAIR facility. Several BIF monitors are already in operation at the UNILAC accelerator [1] and are based on Image Intensified CCD (ICCD) cameras. However, recent technological developments of electron multiplying CCD (emCCD) cameras offer an alternative to the ICCD. During the GSI beam time in 2014 profile measurements have been performed both with an ICCD (Proxivison/Basler) [2] and an emCCD (Princeton Instruments ProEM512B) camera [3]. These two cameras have different working principles: the ICCD camera uses electron multiplication within a microchannel plate (MCP) due to the high voltage applied between photocathode and phosphor screen. The emCCD camera achieves signal amplification by avalanche diode-like electronics in the extended portion of the serial readout register [3]. The goal of the experiments was to compare the performance of the two cameras under similar conditions. A typical experimental set-up is shown in Figure 1.


Soil organic matter is important both from an agronomic and an environmental perspective because it affects the capacity of the soil to sustain crop growth, and it is a source and sink of atmospheric CO2-C. Soil microbial biomass comprises a small proportion of total soil organic matter, but it is more dynamic than total soil organic matter. Therefore, measurements of soil microbial biomass may show the effects of soil management on potential changes in soil organic matter before such effects can be detected by measuring total soil organic matter. The effects of tillage and crop rotation on soil microbial biomass and activity were studied in 1995–1997 in the wheat phase of different cropping rotations that had been established in 1992 under zero tillage or conventional tillage in northern Alberta. Soil microbial biomass was often significantly (P < 0.05) higher, but never significantly lower, under zero tillage than under conventional tillage. However, CO2 evolution (basal respiration) was usually higher ...


Objective: To emphasize wide spectrum of the clinical manifestations of Anti NMDAR encephalitis in children.
Background: We study 11 children and adolescent from the tertiary referral centers in USA and India who presented with neurological or psychiatric symptoms and were finally diagnosed with Anti NMDAR encephalitis.
Methods: We report experience with patients presenting to tertiary referral centers in the USA and India.
Results: We are describing 11 patients (median age: 7 years, range: 10 months - 19 years). The initial manifestations were neurological (seizures or movement disorders) in 7 patients and psychiatric (e.g. emotional labiality, hallucination) in 4 patients. Symptoms included seizures in 10 patients (status epileptics in 3), behavioral changes (aggressiveness, insomnia, irritability) in 9 patients, and movement disorders (dyskinesia and choreiform movements) in 10 patients. Autonomic features were seen in 5 patients (e.g. thermal instability). The EEG in all patients showed diffuse background slowing (epileptiform activity in 2 patients). MRI was abnormal in 1 patient and concomitant infection (HSV1 and influenza A) was found in 2 patients. CSF analyses were abnormal in a case with post HSV. Treatment included IVIG/Methylprednisolone (10 patients), Rituximab (7 patients), plasmapheresis (2 patients), and cyclophosphamide (1 patient). One patient underwent brain biopsy and oophorectomy. No malignancy was found in any patient. Five patients recovered completely, six has mild to moderate neurological deficits and one died with autonomic instability. Two patients relapsed.
Conclusion: Anti NMDAR encephalitis can present with non-specific symptoms such as seizures and behavioral changes, usually followed by a movement disorder. Psychiatric symptoms are difficult to recognize in children. Strong clinical suspicion is needed to make early diagnosis and treatment. Disclosure: Dr. Goenka has nothing to disclose. Dr. Nariai has nothing to disclose. Dr. Steinschneider has nothing to disclose. Dr. Spiro has nothing to disclose. Dr. Jain has nothing to disclose.


A field experiment was conducted during the Kharif season of 2007 and 2008 to study on the effect of integrated nutrient management on maize. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with eight treatments and three replications. The results indicated that T8 (25% RDF + 5 + Vermicompost ha recoded significantly higher LAI and dry matter production, cob length, grain yield and (50% RDF + 5 t FYM ha) uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium over other treatments. In terms of economics T5 fetched higher net returns (Rs. 21256.38) and T3 (75% RDF + 2.5t FYM ha ) recorded the highest B: C ratio (1.40).


In the case of radar imagery, the image is the result of convolution between the wave source and the reflection coefficient of the object, which of them is the amount of electrical conductivity and dielectric constant of the object. Image is produced from the concept of scattering, where the absence of scattering events will not produce radar image. The image of the measurement results usually do not represent the position and shape of the actual object condition. To restore the image to the actual condition, a proper technique is needed. This study presents the technique of image correction in the base period and the number of waves (T-K), on the conditions of the object in the form of sloping soil layers and diffraction object in the form of metal that is round. Image correction on the basis of T-K is conducted by performing Fourier transformation on the original image (wave field F (t, k)) in the space dimension x to dimension k that generates a field new wave F (t, k). Then, wave field F (t,k) will be corrected for each wave number by converting it first into a new wave field Q (τ,k), then the wave field Fourier transformed to obtain the corrected section q (τ,x) Results of image correction on the basis of the T-K gives the results of the position and shape of the image that is appropriate based on the actual conditions. This can be ascertained because of the imagery used is a synthetic image of the position and the initial condition is set and known in advance.


The sensitivity and simplicity of Wald's sequential analysis test in monitoring a preventive health care program are dis cussed in this paper. The technique has had widespread application in industry. The common element between monitoring industnal output and program evaluation is the needforprompt reliablefeedback of information. Sequential analysis was designed to test an hypothesis following each observation or each set of observations (herein differentiating it from classical hy pothesis testing of fixed-size samples). Predictors of "program success" can be ascertained within the short term and hard data can be available for progress reports or continuation proposals and funding re quests. We present the method along with illustrative data from the surveillance of a contract which provides breast cancer screening services to low-income minority women in Central Harlem. These data exemplify the usefulness and expedience of employing sequential methods to program monitoring.


Ohmic contacts and p‐n junctions in p‐ and n‐type silicon are generated with the aid of a laser. Doping was achieved by covering the surface of the silicon with a layer of dopant and melting locally with pulses from either a Nd : YAG or a CO2 laser. Typical residual resistances of the Ohmic contacts are of the order of 0.1–1 Ω cm2 and backward/forward resistance ratios of 104 were measured for the diodes. A model which takes account of segregation during the cooling process is discussed and shown to agree with the resulting distribution of dopant. Highly doped material was found in a surface layer of a thickness less than 0.5 μm. This thickness was independent of laser parameters.


The information acquisition technology for dynamic search effort necessary at sea is surveyed,and on this basis,the selection issue for search effort urgently needed to be addressed in maritime search action is abstracted into an optimization problem under the condition of total ship quantity constrained.An optimal model for search effort selection at sea is established,and it is verified to be available.Decisive factors,such as sea extent to be searched,maximum speeds,searching capabilities and initial distances of available ships were fully considered.By introducing 0-1 decision variables,the optimization of search effort selection can be judged directly and effectively.By analyzing the relationship between optimal value under different quantitative constraints and corresponding searching costs,the economical and feasible searching schemes can be produced so as to provide search commanders with a strong support for scientific decision-making.


Abstract How to make interpersonal comparisons is one of the most important questions to address in the discussion of distributive justice. This paper discusses two of the most relevant dividing lines in the literature of interpersonal comparison: between a monistic and pluralistic approach to interpersonal comparison, and between a subjectivist and objectivist standard of interpersonal comparison. The paper provides a normative argument for pluralism and objectivism with regard to interpersonal comparison, and it suggests that the Capability Approach as developed by Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum fits these criteria.


One way of avoiding the destabilization of the electroweak scale through a strong coupled regime naturally occurs in models with a Landau-like pole at the TeV scale. Hence, the quadratic divergence contributions to the scalar masses are not considered as a problem anymore since a new nonperturbative dynamic emerges at the TeV scale. This scale should be an intrinsic feature of the models, and there is no need to invoke any other sort of protection for the electroweak scale. In some models based on the SU(3){sub C} x SU(3){sub W} x U(1){sub X} gauge symmetry, a nonperturbative dynamics arise and it stabilizes the electroweak scale.


Introduction: Otitis media (OM) is a major health problem that usually results from adenoid hypertrophy. The diagnosis is given based on symptoms and imaging studies, such as mouth breathing and lateral neck radiography (LNR), respectively. However, there are huge controversies regarding the LNR role in the management of patients with OM. This study aimed to evaluate adenoid nasopharyngeal ratio (AN ratio) in children suffering from OM with effusion (OME) and related


In a topic as controversial as the shroud of Turin, it is always surprising to notice that there still exists a large area of consensus among scholars holding opposite opinions on the topic. According to the consensus view, neither science nor history can ever prove that the Turin Shroud shows signs of the Resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth. However, the reasons given for such an important claim are not convincing, es pecially in regard of recent developments in historiography and analytic


The present research focuses on a novel ceramic/glass composite seal. These seals firstunderwent a curing cycle. The cycled seal was then characterized with a laser dilatome-ter to identify the glass transition, softening temperature, and thermal expansion proper-ties. High temperature ring-on-ring (RoR) experiments were performed to study the effectof glass transition and softening temperatures on mechanical response. X-ray diffraction(XRD) techniques in conjunction with post-test micrographs were used to understand theobserved mechanical response. In addition, Weibull statistical analysis performed oncycled seals showed that Weibull modulus had decreased and Weibull characteristicsstrength had increased with multiple thermal cycles. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4029876]Keywords: solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), ceramic/glass seals, glass transition tempera-ture, biaxial flexural strength, Weibull parameters