Current state law fails to offer a meaningful alternative to federal remedies under CERCLA for allocating cleanup costs at many of the nation's hundreds of thousands of contaminated sites. This need not be so. Private nuisance is a flexible doctrine that is potentially well-suited for resolving cleanup cost allocation disputes. Doctrinal limitations and inter-state inconsistencies, however, currently shackle private nuisance law and prevent its application to many common problems involving contaminated property. CERCLA has pushed nuisance and other state law theories to the margins of private cleanup cost litigation. Private nuisance could emerge to play a major role in resolving private cleanup cost disputes, but only if states seize the opportunity to re-examine and modernize the law of private nuisance in soil and groundwater contamination cases. This article analyzes the deficiencies that currently riddle private nuisance law and proposes an environmental nuisance paradigm. The paradigm would expand private nuisance law to address contamination created by prior property owners and encourage site cleanup through a rebuttable presumption that chemical contamination constitutes a continuing nuisance that remains actionable until the contamination is abated.


Mn, Cr, and Si are favorable elements for designing the quenching and partitioning (Q&P) steels while the microsegregation of them is a common phenomenon in the steels. This segregation makes the bands of enriched and depleted Mn–Cr regions, which affects the Ms temperature of the bands and consequently influence the volume fraction of initial martensite, retained austenite, and secondary fresh martensite in different bands. This issue leads to non‐homogeneity in the microstructure and mechanical properties. In this study, the optimization method to minimize the inhomogeneity by selection of the quenching temperature is demonstrated.


In this paper, we introduce a time-limited balanced reduction method based on time-domain representations of the system gramians. The method guarantees stability and yields a simple 71, ermr bound. A numerical example is illustrated to examine the efficiency of the proposed method.


Based on 45 HRB high-strength steel bar specimens pull-out tests after high temperature,it is studied that the bond-anchorage properties of high-strength steel bars and the main factors influencing the bond capacity between high-strength steel bars and concrete.During the experiments,the reinforced concrete specimens were heated at 200,400 and 600 ℃,respectively,cooled in air and subjected to monotonic pull-out loading.The influencing regulations of some factors on the bond-anchorage properties of high-strength steel bars are investigated,such as concrete strength,yield strength of reinforcing bar,stirrup ratio.At the same time,the paper clarifies that the major bond-anchorage mechanism of high-strength steel bars after high temperature is similar to that of the general reinforcement.


C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) is a rare diagnosis, characterized by dysregulation of the alternative pathway of complement, classically presenting in children and young adults. Recently, it has been reported the association between the production of a monoclonal protein and the development of C3G, affecting a larger age span.

 We report the case of a 53-year-old male patient, that attended the emergency department due to persistent holocranial headache. He was an IV drug abuser with a history of treated Hepatitis C infection and free lambda light chain monoclonal protein, being studied by the Haematology Department. On admission, he was hypertensive (187/98 mmHg), and labs showed an acute on chronic kidney disease (serum creatinine 2.35 mg/dL from a basal of 1.5 mg/dL) with an active urinary sediment (38 erythrocytes/field, with dysmorphia), a urinary protein/creatinine ratio of 626 mg/g, and C3 consumption (0.52 g/L). The patient was admitted, and a kidney biopsy was performed.

 Further lab results confirmed a serum IgG Lambda monoclonal protein. Autoantibodies screening (ANCAs, ANAs, Anti-GBM), ASLO and Rheumatoid Factor were negative. Cryoglobulinemia was detected, and the cryoprecipitate's immunofixation revealed monoclonal proteins IgG Lambda and IgM Kappa. HCV viral load was negative. Bone marrow biopsy revealed a small population (< 3%) of plasma cells with Lambda light chain restriction. Kidney biopsy's light microscopy showed increased mesangial matrix and cells, endocapillary hypercellularity, and some glomeruli with lobulated appearance. Five out of 15 glomeruli presented fibrocellular crescents. Immunofluorescence showed C3 dominant staining on capillary walls and in the mesangium, with absent IgG and light chain deposits. A presumptive diagnosis of C3 glomerulopathy was made and the patient was empirically started on corticosteroids (3 pulses of intravenous methylprednisolone, followed by oral prednisolone 1mg/Kg/day), which was followed by paraprotein-directed chemotherapy with bortezomib, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone (VCD). The patient is currently on the third VCD cycle, presenting both renal and haematological responses: recovery of serum creatinine to basal levels (1.54 mg/dL), resolution of haematuria and proteinuria, normalisation of C3 levels. Serum immunofixation is currently negative for monoclonal protein, with normal serum immunoglobulin levels. Electron microscopy revealed electron-dense deposits in the mesangium, and mesangium-capillary transition, supporting the diagnosis of C3 glomerulonephritis. Genetic testing of complement-related genes revealed a rare missense variation of unknown significance (c.4855A>C) on the C3 gene, that has been previously reported in association with C3 glomerulopathy and atypical Haemolytic-Uremic syndrome.

 This case represents a monoclonal gammopathy associated-C3 glomerulonephritis with a favourable response to paraprotein-directed chemotherapy. Although the association between monoclonal gammopathy and C3G rests on epidemiologic findings, experimental evidence suggests that several monoclonal proteins have complement dysregulation features, which may enhance alternate complement pathway activation.
 Our patient's response is in line with observational data that have shown improved renal outcomes in patients who achieve a haematological response following clone-directed chemotherapy, which further supports the role of monoclonal gammopathy in C3G pathogenesis [1].
 Interestingly, the genetic variation identified in our patient might have provided a favourable genetic background for the development of C3G, which is thought to rely upon a complex interaction of triggering events, such as a monoclonal gammopathy, and underlying complement abnormalities, such as genetic variants in complement genes.


The sorbent precursor comprising (i) one or more vulcanizable copper compound, is contacted with sulfuric gas stream comprising hydrogen sulphide, comprising the steps of producing a sulfur-containing sorbent substances sulfide, (ii) nitrogen, argon, helium, carbon dioxide, methane, and, even under inert gas selected from the mixed gas thereof, in the under which may contain inert gases, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur-containing sorbent sulfurized the material is heated to a temperature higher than that used in the sulfurization step, and 110 ° C. or higher, and a step of subjecting to a heating step, describes a method for producing a DoOsamu Chakuzai sulfurized. This method provides a DoOsamu Chakuzai sulfurized with reduced levels of elemental sulfur.


The issue of addiction to social networks is relevant for our time. The studies carried out in different cultural contexts indicate that addicted people are anxious, less satisfied with life, they may have problems with academic performance and with the achievement of their life and professional goals. Addicted people are more common among younger generation. For the diagnostic and corrective work with people who have addiction problems, require appropriate tools. One of these tools is described in our work. This is a test of dependence by Sheinov in addiction on social networks. The purpose of this study was to translate this test into the Latvian language, to check its reliability and validity. The relevant procedures described in the text of the article indicate to a high degree of reliability and validity of this test. It can also be used for the scientific purposes.


Many ocular inflammatory and proliferative diseases require long-term pharmacological intervention/treatment. However, delivery of drugs in therapeutic levels to the back of the eye is challenging using conventional topical application, due to the poor efficacy. Systemic injections of drugs pose severe adverse effects. Direct injection into the eye may need surgical intervention. In the recent years, small size microneedles are fabricated to insert into various ocular tissues depending upon the complexity and state of disease to be treated. Microneedles are capable of delivering drugs through cornea or sclera in a minimally invasive way. There are few reports that large molecules, proteins, vaccines could be delivered into eye using microneedles. Drug delivery to the posterior segment of the eye is a significantly challenging task due to the various ocular barriers and precorneal factors. In this review, the targeted drug delivery to the ocular tissues via minimally invasive approach is discussed.


In order to promote sales,it is necessary for the businessmen to have an advertising plan for their sales targets.In the literature of cooperative advertising with partners and pricing with customers,the focus of research is based on traditional environment.Along with the rapid development of the Internet,web advertisements play an increasingly prominent role.This paper studies the problem of the investment channels for the web cooperative advertising,which is classified into known web advertising and unknown web advertising.With the helf of game approach,these channels are analyzed respectively based on optimized investment and profit at maximum.And these results are proved by the technology of simulation.


Among the available solutions to harvest energy from vibrating and nonvibrating sources, piezoelectric bimorphs seem to be a suitable choice because of their capability to directly convert applied strain energy into usable electric power. In this work, we review the techniques adopted to increase the specific power per unit of volume of piezoelectric scavengers. The design goal is to obtain a uniform stress distribution on the piezoelectric layers, in order to exploit the electromechanical energy conversion capability of the whole material. Two approaches are then followed to improve the performance: by designing an optimal shape of the device or by imposing an optimal bending deflection. For both strategies, results from numerical models and experimental tests are compared. 


One of the most notable and rare features in animal societies is a high degree of fissionfusion (FF) in which individuals change group membership frequently. This temporal-spatial fluidity is presumed to confer reproductive or survival benefits, allowing individuals to exploit their environment and decrease intraspecific competition. Bottlenose dolphins exhibit this trait to an extreme, arguably more so than humans. Similar to the society at large, dolphin mothers and calves separate and reunite often, possibly helping calves negotiate their social networks in a range of contexts. This study on mother-calf pairs in Shark Bay, Australia, is one of the first to quantify the FF rate (changes in group composition per hour). For calves (N=56), the FF rate was 10.3 4.56 times per hour (mean SE). Male and female calves changed group membership at similar rates (Male: 10.5 4.48 times per hour; N = 25; Female: 10.3 4.53; N = 29). We also examined this pattern developmentally, from birth to weaning. The FF rate in the first year of life was significantly greater than each subsequent year. We suggest that the early years are critical for learning to navigate a complex social and physical environment, e.g., locate resources and associates, avoid permanent mother-calf separations, predation and aggressive conspecifics. The maternal fission-fusion rate was lower than the calf rate at 4.74 2.54 (N = 65). We also examined the relationship between birth order and sex of the offspring, and maternal fissionfusion rate to help explain variation across pairs. Maternal rate was the only significant predictor


Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic people encounter COVID-19-related life changes which might influence their well-being. A decrease in well-being could be protected by psychological resources such as optimism. The present study explored the stability of optimism between 2019 and 2020. It was expected that optimistic people experienced more well-being in 2020 and less when optimism decreased. Moreover, it was hypothesized that governmental recommendations were perceived as effective by optimists and less effective by people whose optimism decreased. Further, the perceived effectiveness of governmental recommendations was expected to mediate the relation of optimism and well-being. Methods: Data from 2019 and 2020 came from the Dutch Longitudinal Internet Studies for the Social Sciences (LISS panel) with overall 6,817 participants and from two assembled studies regarding well-being and regarding the effects of the COVID-19 outbreak. Optimism was measured via the Life Orientation Test Revised, well-being with the Mental Health Continuum Short Form Revised, and the perceived effectiveness of the recommendations by using a questionnaire regarding the COVID-19 outbreak. T-tests for independent and paired samples, Pearson and Spearman correlations, and simple mediation analyses were conducted. Results: Optimism did not change between 2019 and 2020. Optimism in 2019 correlated positively with overall well-being in 2020, with each dimension and with the perceived effectiveness of the recommendations. An optimism change was neither related to well-being nor to the perceived effectiveness of the recommendations. The perceived effectiveness of the recommendations did not mediate between optimism or optimism change and well-being. Conclusion : The present study displayed support for stable dispositional optimism in adverse times. It replicated the protective effect of optimism on well-being and showed that optimists perceived the COVID-19 recommendations as more effective. Future research could expand the findings by studying further timepoints and distinctive mediating factors.


The paper starts with literature statistical methods and deeply analyses and summarizes the documents on China's cultural resource integration, explores and discusses the present situation of China' s cultural resource integration, then based on the above study, summarizes the main shortcomings of China 's cultural resource integration research into the following aspects. Finally, the paper proposes the countermeasures to improve the research on the integration of China's cultural resources, and forecasts the future of the research, the result of this paper will bear reference practical implications and value for the following research on the relevant topics.


The new breast cancer cases in the United States for 2006 is estimated to be 212,920 for women and 1,720 for men [1]. Worldwide breast cancer is estimated to be over 1,000,000 new breast cancers a year. With the statistical history of increasing incidence in mind, the sentinel node concept was developed for breast cancer in the early 1990s and reported in the literature in 1993 by David Krag using radioisotope localization and by Armando Giuliano in 1994 employing blue dye for lymph node identification [2]. As a captivated audience, Surgeons went through learning curves with multiple technical variations such as peritumoral injection, periareolar, intradermal, verses subareolar, plus timing of injection, radioisotope alone verses combination with blue dye and even in regards to filtered or unfiltered isotope in order to understand this procedure. Which blue dye could be used, methylene blue or isosulfan blue?Would the combination injection be periareolar and intradermal or peritumoral and subareolar or other various combinations? The question of lymphosintigraphy arises: is it necessary on all patients or just some patients and what about the internal mammary nodes? What about breast massage to stimulate the movement of lymphatic flow increasing isotope and dye dispersal for more accurate sentinel node identification? Would this interfere and cause a false positive lymph node and certainly the question of false negative lymph nodes is always at the forefront of any discussion revolving sentinel node biopsy? How can anyone be absolutely sure that the technique used is always correct and reproduces the most accurate and reliable data possible in every circumstance? The actual definition of sentinel node can also be debated but will not be argued as anything more than the lead draining lymph node of the cancer for the scope of discussion. Surgeons quickly caught on and developed their on technique that worked consistently for them. However, more questions began to arise such as: How many nodes does one need to retrieve to have accurately assessed the axilla? Is one node enough? How about two or three? What if more than five or six nodes displayed significant radioactivity necessitating removal? Once the technique has been mastered, the real question that needs answering is how many nodes are enough and how many nodes are too much? The exact number is certainly elusive and the most common answer is: depends. Depends on all the above plus a few more questions that have not been mentioned and a few more that have not been thought of—yet! While this current article does not have large enough numbers (89 patients) to discuss the actual optimal number of sentinel nodes, what it does offer is this philosophical question: Which technique is most important and how many nodes are needed to ensure a low false negative rate? This article has concluded that the four nodes which have the highest uptake of radioisotope, left them with the best accuracy, sensitivity, and a 2.6% false negative rate. Most of the literature supports a false negative rate of 3–12% with retrieval of 2–3 sentinel nodes. Hill et al. [3] in 1999 determined from 500 cases of lymphatic mapping for breast cancer the mean number of sentinel nodes removed was 2.1 (range 1–8). The combination of blue dye plus technetium successfully identified the sentinel node 93% of cases with a false negative rate of 10.7%. In 1999 Klimberg et al. [4] found 1.5 0.7 sentinel lymph nodes per patient involving 68 patients using subareolar versus peritumoral injection for sentinel node localization with a 96.3% success rate. In


MgO Nanostructured thin films with different thicknesses (200, 400, and 600 nm) have been deposited by the chemical spray pyrolysis technique. The results confirm that the structure, morphology, optical, and electrical properties were all affected by the thickness of the film. MgO films' physical properties were examined using (XRD), (FE-SEM), (EDX), (AFM), (UV-Vis spectrophotometer), and the Hall Effect. According to the structural analysis, the films have a cubic magnesium oxide polycrystalline structure, with a preferred orientation (002). The average Crystalline Size and optical band gap are found in the range (20.79-18.99) nm and (3.439-3.162) eV respectively with an increase in thickness. The surface morphology of the films reveals that they are free of crystal defects such as holes and voids, as well as homogeneous and uniform. The EDS patterns show that the as-grown films contain magnesium and oxygen. The Hall Effect shows that electrical conductivity decreases with thickness. The experimental results show that film thickness influences the physical properties of as-grown MgO thin films and that thicker films can be used as an absorber layer in solar cell applications.


CHANGE IS COMING. Distance learning is increasingly common. Multimedia and software programs are now frequently used as critical adjuncts to textbooks. Virtual classrooms are bringing renowned teachers to students anywhere on the globe. And the Internet facilitates the tailoring of courses to individual needs. This is the environment for the unique MBA in Design Management offered by the University of Westminster in the United Kingdom, interpreted by David Walker as the future of education.


We present the concept of a possible global viral infestation associated with the processes of permafrost melting and probability of groundwater contamination with paleoviruses. The most realistic mechanism of the development of this process is considered, as well as possible ways of forming of a new epidemic situation, depending on characteristics of groundwater and surface water use for drinking purposes by the population of the permafrost zone (permafrost). The necessity of in-depth development of large-scale multi-disciplinary researches in order to clarify the pathogenetic significance of paleoviruses in the permafrost zone and assess the need of the development of the composition and the nature of the complex environmental and anti-epidemic measures is substantiated.


Attacks exploiting vulnerabilities in software are becoming a great threat to the society.The most common attack method is to exploit memory corruption vulnerabilities such as buffer overflow and format string bugs.This paper presented a fault localization approach to automatically identify both known and unknown memory corruption vulnerabilities.Based on memory update log,we can trace back to the statement in source code that is tricked to corrupt critical data.The proposed techniques can provide useful information in fixing the vulnerabilities and generating the real patch.


Forecasting recruitments is a key component of the monitoring phase of multicenter studies. One of the most popular techniques in this field is the Poisson‐Gamma recruitment model, a Bayesian technique built on a doubly stochastic Poisson process. This approach is based on the modeling of enrollments as a Poisson process where the recruitment rates are assumed to be constant over time and to follow a common Gamma prior distribution. However, the constant‐rate assumption is a restrictive limitation that is rarely appropriate for applications in real studies. In this paper, we illustrate a flexible generalization of this methodology which allows the enrollment rates to vary over time by modeling them through B‐splines. We show the suitability of this approach for a wide range of recruitment behaviors in a simulation study and by estimating the recruitment progression of the Canadian Co‐infection Cohort.


Strategic networks is a complicated system.It has such characteristics as openness,imbalance and nonlinearity.It analyzes the self-organization mechanism of strategic networks' by using dissipative structure theory.The conception of strategic networks entropy is firstly put forward.Next,the authors explain some main factors that influences strategic networks entropy.Finally,it gives out model on the evolution of strategic networks,and concludes the possible directions and rules of evolution by calculating the entropy.


The two-parameter formulae, i.e. the nuclear softness formula and the power index formula, have been used to obtain the band head spin (I0) of the triaxial superdeformed (SD) bands in 163Lu(1, 2, 3, 4), 164Lu(1, 2, 3) and 165Lu(1, 2, 3), in the A ∼ 160 mass region. The least squares fitting approach is used. The values of the root mean square (RMS) deviation among the computed and the measured experimental transition energies are obtained by calculating the model parameters. Whenever accurate spins are available, superb agreement is shown between the determined and the measured experimental transition energies. In comparison to the power index formula, the values of band head spin (I0) of the triaxial SD bands in 163Lu(1, 2, 3, 4), 164Lu(1, 2, 3) and 165Lu(1, 2, 3) obtained by the nuclear softness formula are closer to the experimental data. The lowest RMS deviation is also achieved by the nuclear softness formula. Hence, the nuclear softness formula works well for obtaining the band head spin (I0) for the triaxial SD bands in 163Lu(1, 2, 3, 4), 164Lu(1, 2, 3) and 165Lu(1, 2, 3) in the A ∼ 160 mass region. The dynamic moment of inertia against ħω is also studied.


Anthocyanin concentrations increased in both external and internal tissues of 'Selva' strawberries (Fragaria ×ananassa Duch.) stored in air at 5°C for 10 days, but the increase was lower in fruit stored in air enriched with 10 or 20 kPa CO 2 . Flesh red color was less intense in CO 2 storage than in air storage. Activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and UDP glucose: flavonoid glucosyltransferase (GT) decreased during storage, with decreases being greater in both external and internal tissues of strawberry fruit stored in air + 20 kPa CO 2 than in those kept in air. Activities of both PAL and GT in external tissues of strawberries stored in air + 10 kPa CO 2 were similar to those in fruit stored in air, while enzyme activities in internal tissues more closely resembled those from fruit stored in air + 20 kPa CO 2 . Phenolic compounds increased during storage but were not affected by the storage atmosphere. The pH increased and titratable acidity decreased during storage; these effects were enhanced in internal tissues by the CO 2 treatments, and may in turn have influenced anthocyanin expression.


A review of the literature published in 2007 on topics relating to wastewater collection systems is presented. This review is divided into the following sections: sewer system evaluation/inspection/modeling, rehabilitation, design / pumping, operation & maintenance/ CMOM programs and regulatory issues/asset and risk management. Major proceedings wastewater


Since rail privatization the performance of passenger services has received considerable publicity and comment, but that of the rail freight industry has received scant attention. The freight operators, industry planners and regulators, and governments have proclaimed it a 'success story' and advanced ambitious growth targets. This paper evaluates the overall performance of rail freight and argues it has been, at best, disappointing. The projected growth figures for rail freight are wildly optimistic.


Using a master's-level human rights program funded by Sweden at Peking University, this case study sought to explore the connection between legal education and social change as influentially advanced by the Law and Development Movement (LDM) and now reflected in various donor-funded law and governance projects in China. To evaluate the program's underlying assumptions of change, the study examined the program's impact from the perspectives of its intended beneficiaries, the students, through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and questionnaires. The empirical findings reveal that at the micro, individual level and in the short term, the program has achieved some degree of mental, behavioral, and career impact and exhibits a potential for longer-term social change. But this momentum is likely to be lost because in the larger environment, students face adverse institutional settings and structural incentives that do not support human rights perspectives and practices, such as employers who do not find human rights relevant or valuable and the low pay and poor working conditions of human rights-related jobs. Nevertheless, a long-term, holistic, ends-based program of strategies tailored to local incentives can help sustain and support reformist impulses. The study ends by offering policy recommendations aimed to maximize the long-term impact of producing human rights-minded professionals who are willing and able to act, individually or institutionally, to promote human rights in China. These preliminary results further suggest that the lack of more fundamental change brought about by law-related development cooperation stems more from flaws in donors' approach than from LDM's theory of legal education and social change.


Given any polycube, i.e., a rectangular polyhedron tiled with unit cubes, we exhibit infinitely many explicit directions such that every half-infinite billiard orbit with any such initial direction is uniformly distributed inside the polycube.


Summary

Using cross-sectional analyses, event centrality has been shown to be related to a number of poor psychological outcomes, including depressive symptoms and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. In the current study, we examined the ability of event centrality of a recent conflict in or breakup of a romantic relationship to prospectively predict depressive symptoms. Replicating previous findings, ratings of event centrality to a recent romantic conflict or breakup were significantly associated with depressive symptoms and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms at Time 1. These relationships remained significant after controlling for closure and perceived insight. In addition, Time 1 event centrality prospectively predicted Time 2 depressive symptoms, particularly for participants who were split from their romantic partners at Time 2. This prediction remained significant after controlling for Time 1 depressive symptoms. The results of the study suggest that levels of event centrality for romantic conflicts prospectively predict subsequent mental health outcomes. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Introduction: Laryngeal haematomas due to trauma are a relatively rare occurrence (less than 1% of all blunt traumas). Most laryngeal injuries are caused by external blunt trauma following a road traffic accident and present with external signs. Particular attention must always be taken to fully examine the neck and larynx. Case Report: Here we report a case which illustrates delayed presentation of laryngeal trauma after an initial discharge from the emergency department following a road traffic accident. This middle aged gentleman developed stridor from a laryngeal haematoma 24hours after leaving hospital and was managed conservatively with steroids, antibiotics, humidification, soft diet, antireflux medication and daily endoscopic reviews till discharge. Conclusion: This case highlights a life threatening consequence of a road traffic accident, worryingly, with no external markings following the initial trauma. We discuss the case, presentation and management of laryngeal haematomas.


Objective:To investigate gut barrier dysfunction and bacterial translocation(BT) in patients who underwent digestive tract reconstruction and to study the relationship between BT and acute systemic inflammatory state(SIRS).Methods: Sixty patients who underwent selective digestive tract reconstruction were observed.Blood were collected before surgery and 1,3,5 days after surgery to detect plasma diamine oxidase(DAO) and bacterial DNA.PCR analysis was performed with β-Galactosidase gene of Eschenchia coli and 16SrRNA gene as target gene.The SIRS of all the patients were observed for 10 days.Results: All the PCR results before operation were negative,while there was positive in 14 patients after digestive tract reconstruction.There were 23 patients with SIRS after surgery,and 12 patients PCR result were positive among 23 patients with SIRS.85.7% of the patients(12/14) with positive PCR result had SIRS,while 23.9% patients(11/46) with negative PCR result had SIRS(P0.01).The positive PCR rate in SIRS was 52.2%(12/23),which was remarkably higher than that without SIRS(5.4%,2/37,P0.01).The levels of plasma DAO in patients with positive PCR result was significantly higher than those of the patients with negative PCR result(P0.01).The levels of plasma DAO in patients with SIRS was significantly higher than those of patients without SIRS(P0.01).Conclusion:The gut barrier dysfunction was closely related to BT,and BT was closely related to postoperative SIRS.PCR analysis can be used in early diagnosis of BT,the positive PCR result might be a useful early warning sign of postoperative SIRS.


The laxity of the present methods having been brought, by his friend Captain Cockburn, R.N., before the author, with a desire to be furnished with some sort of anemometer, and with some easy means of eliminating the effect of the motion of the vessel, he began to consider what would be the most appropriate form of anemometer to be used at sea; for several kinds had been already tried, but had failed, as he thought, from not being constructed on a suitable principle. The species which the author considered the best, was that which should imitate, as nearly as possible, mutatis mutandis , the log-line by means of which the ship's way through the water is determined; for that instrument seems to have preserved its situation and supremacy over all others on board-ship amongst all nations, and from the time of Columbus to the present, mainly on account of the appropriateness of the principle involved.


Keynote Address.- Orchestrating Self-Managing Systems for Autonomic Computing: The Role of Standards.- Self-Configuration.- Generic Online Optimization of Multiple Configuration Parameters with Application to a Database Server.- Eos: An Approach of Using Behavior Implications for Policy-Based Self-Management.- On the Algebraic Structure of Convergence.- Peer-to-Peer Management.- An Epidemic Protocol for Managing Routing Tables in Very Large Peer-to-Peer Networks.- Towards Peer-to-Peer Traffic Analysis Using Flows.- MobiMan: Bringing Scripted Agents to Wireless Terminal Management.- Self-Optimization and Performance Management.- Dynamic Surge Protection: An Approach to Handling Unexpected Workload Surges with Resource Actions that Have Lead Times.- A Method on Multimedia Service Traffic Monitoring and Analysis.- Traffic Measurements for Link Dimensioning.- Utility Management.- Automating Enterprise Application Placement in Resource Utilities.- Managing the Performance Impact of Administrative Utilities.- Policy-Based Autonomic Storage Allocation.- Self-Protection and Access Control.- Visual-Based Anomaly Detection for BGP Origin AS Change (OASC) Events.- Context Driven Access Control to SNMP MIB Objects in Multi-homed Environments.- A Policy-Based Framework for RBAC.- Short Papers.- Management += Grid.- A Web Services Signaling Approach over Optical Networks for SAN Applications.- A Self-Configuring Sensing System for Data Centers.- Towards Autonomic Business Activity Management.- Idiosyncratic Signatures for Authenticated Execution of Management Code.- Effects of Wavelength Conversion on Self-healing Optical Networks.- Manageability and Instrumentation.- Efficient and Transparent Instrumentation of Application Components Using an Aspect-Oriented Approach.- Discovering Dynamic Dependencies in Enterprise Environments for Problem Determination.- Bringing AgentX Subagents to the Operating System Kernel Space.- Context- Awareness.- Management Challenges of Context-Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments.- Aggregation of Composite Location-Aware Services for Mobile Cellular Networks.


The Predatory Bird Monitoring Scheme (PBMS; http://pbms.ceh.ac.uk/) is the umbrella
project that encompasses the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology's National Capability
contaminant monitoring and surveillance work on avian predators. By monitoring sentinel
vertebrate species, the PBMS aims to detect and quantify current and emerging chemical
threats to the environment and in particular to vertebrate wildlife.
Lead (Pb) is a highly toxic metal that acts as a non-specific poison affecting all body systems
and has no known biological requirement. Sources of Pb in the environment include lead
mining, the refining and smelting of lead and other metals, the manufacture and use of alkyl
lead fuel additives, and the use of lead ammunition.
The present study is the first year of a PBMS monitoring programme to quantify the scale of
exposure to (and associated risk from) Pb in predatory birds. The aim is to quantify the
extent of exposure to lead (as assessed from liver residues) in two predatory bird species, the
red kite (Mivus milvus) and the sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus). The red kite is a scavenger
and, as such, is particularly at risk from consumption of Pb ammunition in unretrieved game.
Sparrowhawks prey predominantly upon live passerine birds that are unlikely to be shot in
the UK; likely sources of exposure are diffuse Pb contamination although some individuals
may also be exposed to Pb particles ingested by their prey. We also examined the liver Pb
isotope ratios in order to explore whether they can be used to ascribe likely sources of any Pb
detected in the birds.
Red kites had significantly higher Pb concentration than those measured in sparrowhawks but
the majority of sparrowhawks and all the red kites had liver Pb concentrations below those
thought to cause clinical and sub-clinical adverse effects in Falconiforme species. There was
overlap in the liver Pb isotope ratios of red kites and sparrowhawks yet also some evidence of
separation between the two species, but more data are needed to confirm this. There was also
evidence of overlap with the isotope signature for coal and for Pb shot but the isotope
signatures in the bird livers were distinct from that of petrol Pb. The Pb isotope pattern
observed in the red kites and sparrowhawks in the current study may reflect the fact that liver
Pb concentrations were low in the small sample of birds that were analysed and may have
been a result of exposure to low-level, diffuse contamination.


s and Poster Presentations Aspe, J.R., DeShields, S., and Wall, N.R. (2011). Survivin-T34A Overexpressing Cells Release Exosomes that can Induce Apoptosis and Enhance Gemecitabine-Induced Apoptosis; American Association for Cancer Research Pancreatic Cancer: Pro- gress and Challenges Special Conference, Abstrac (#21). Aspe, J.R., Galloway, N., Sellers, C., and Wall, N.R. (2008). Enhanced Antitumor Ef- fect of Combined Gemcitabine and Proton Radiation in the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer; Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Re- search, Abstract (#2666). Aspe, J.R., Galloway, N., Sellers, C., Neidigh, J., and Wall, N.R. (2007). Combination Chemotherapy/Proton Radiation Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer Therapy; LLU Basic Sciences Symposium, Abstract Manuscripts in Preparation Khan S, Asumen MG, Jutzy JMS, Aspe JR, Galloway NR, Neidigh JW, Wall NR. Cellu- lar import of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein survivin. Khan S, Jutzy JMS, Aspe JR, Asumen MG, Wall NR. Tumor-released exosomes and their implications in cancer health disparities. *Authors contributed equally.


In this article, the practical aspects of clothing are compared to effective practices in special education. Actual competence is more important than the appearance, or cloak, of competence. Speaking openly about disability will do more to reduce its stigma than will euphemisms. Cloaking disability not only increases stigma but also precludes prevention.


not to have any more children.' In tackling the potentially embarrassing discussion of sexual matters that might be necessary in considering choices in contraception the greater anonymity of the clinic is useful for some women who are reluctant to see their family doctor. Women attending clinics also explain the importance to them of being sure that they will be seen by a woman doctor.' For women who are not registered with a local general practitioner the self referring health authority clinics can be their only source of contraceptive advice and supplies. In many inner city areas a substantial proportion of the women attending clinics are not registered with a general practitioner. The currently available choice for women to seek their contraceptive health care from either a general practitioner or a district health authority run service should not be lost when so many women "vote with their feet" and attend clinics. The recent publication of further guidance from the Department of Health on contracts for health services acknowledges that for self referring clinics, where the guarantee of choice for patients is the objective, there is no one between the patient and the provider with whom the district health authority can discuss contracts.5 "Regional health authorities will be expected to ensure that relevant units are funded in a way that allows patients to self-refer." This acknowledgement provides a platform to make the case for continued funding for district health authority as well as general practitioner run family planning services.


Background: Alocasia fornicata is an Araceae family plant of which not much is known about its pharmacological properties. As such, the objective of this study was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic potential of methanolic extract of whole plant of Alocasia fornicata. Methods: Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was done to evaluate antihyperglycemic potential. Results: In oral glucose tolerance tests, methanol extract of whole plants of Alocasia fornicata (MEAF) significantly and dose-dependently reduced blood glucose levels in glucose-loaded mice by 13.0, 22.1, 31.2, and 37.2%, respectively, at doses of 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg per kg body weight in mice. By comparison, a standard antihyperglycemic drug, glibenclamide, reduced blood glucose levels by 37.9% at a dose of 10 mg per kg. Conclusion: Alocasia fornicata can potentially be an excellent source for blood glucose lowering lead compounds or drugs.


Nonstructural type traps in the sedimentary cover of the northern side of the Dnieper-Donets depression are poorly studied by seismic methods due to many factors among which are the following: complicated geological structure and not so high quality of given data of geological-geophysical studies of last years. Identification of lithologically screened gas-saturated object has been demonstrated based on the studies of elastic dynamic characteristics by the methods of AVO-analysis and elastic seismic inversion. Acoustic and elastic properties have been analyzed in the wells with cross-dipole real and synthesized acoustics. Gas-saturated intervals have been identified based on the ratios VP /VS and acoustic impedance. According to AVO-studies within the northern side of DDD in the stratum of productive horizons of the moscovian horizon a positive answer has been obtained to the question «if AVO analysis works correctly in general within the limits of the northern side of DDD deposits». Determining factors that influence on the result during the application of AVO-analysis at the most part of gas condensate field of the northern side of DDD are effective thicknesses, depths of occurrence, lithology, poro-sity and quality of given seismic data and data from geophysical surveys of wells. Taking into account minor effective thicknesses, small values of porosity, significant depths of occurrence of productive layers typical for the northern side of DDD, the majority of gas-saturated intervals are not at all identified in the wave field by dynamic characteristics of seismic signal. All the seismic anomalies analyzed had effective thicknesses from 6 to 20 m. Within the limits of deposits of the northern side of DDD, AVO-anomalies of the 2nd class are modeled. Along with positive experience of identification of dynamically cont-rasting objects in the wave field limitations to use methods of AVO-analysis and elastic seismic inversion are generalized for the northern side shown in particular and the whole Dnieper-Donets depression.


The aim of the thesis was to find out what kind of reputation and status the Icelandic horse has in the Finnish equestrian sports. The thesis was commissioned by the Finnish Icelandic Horse Association (FIHA). The data for the thesis was collected using a questionnaire. Moreover, the data collection was done in the spring of 2009 at the Hevoset-09 (Horses-09) trade fair. The questionnaires were offered to the respondents at the FIHA trade fair stand and, in addition, by circling around the trade fair area. The data consists of 150 filled out questionnaires. The responses were evaluated in words and illustrated with diagrams. Among the respondents were both recreational riders and horse business professionals and, furthermore, the respondents represented all age groups. The majority of the respondents had personal experience in Icelandic horses and the breed was considered to be interesting. The number of Icelandic horses in Finland was estimated to be a little lower than the actual number. In addition, the Icelandic horse was estimated to be best suitable for trail riding but also for versatile recreational riding. However, the respondents did not perceive the Icelandic Horse as a competition horse. The Icelandic Horse was considered to be a good-natured and versatile riding horse. The Icelandic Horse was thought to differ from other breeds mainly because of its gaits and small size. Moreover, the characteristics of the breed were seen as its strength. When the respondents were asked to describe the breed most respondents used adjectives such as furry, lovely, good-natured and reliable. All in all, the results were more positive than anticipated and mainly the attitude towards the Icelandic Horse was very positive. It seemed that the image of the Icelandic horse as a trail riding horse still existed but that the image is developing to a more versatile direction.


This paper contributes to the studies for long-term evolution (LTE) deployment into the ultrahigh-frequency (UHF) broadcasting spectrum (470–790 MHz) utilizing the supplemental downlink (SDL) concept and its coexistence with the digital terrestrial Television (DTT) service. The performed real and practical coexistence scenario studies were based on the modeling and simulation of the LTE and DTT systems in order to assess potential interference between systems and the availability of the spectrum for the LTE SDL services. Simulations were aligned with the scenarios and assumptions agreed to in the European regulation complemented with real case study parameters from Finland: the early adopter of the digital dividend II. The results lead to some conclusions about the LTE SDL-DTT coexistence and indicated availability of the complementary LTE SDL services on the lower UHF spectrum. Flexible use of the UHF band aims to increase the efficiency of spectrum use in delivering fast growing and converging mobile broadband, media, and TV content to meet the changing consumer needs. Simulated scenarios can be utilized by regulation and standardization forums for studying the future of UHF spectrum and LTE broadcasting evolution in mobile communications toward fifth-generation (5G).


According to 2003 year to Baise City Youjiang area altogether 26 base depots antimine device examination materials statistical analysis,is meeting d odges, the divergence, the shield, the wiring way, the quipotential connecti on, the earth system as well as the surge protection and so on several aspects. At present the mobile communication base station facility existence quite comes the heavy security hidden danger.Therefore will have to strengthen the technical guidance in the next work and to reorganize the measure.


The misdiagnosis of rape as a mental disorder has been a forensic disaster—allowing the widespread misuse of involuntary psychiatric hospitalization to facilitate a form of questionably constitutional preventive detention. Fortunately, there is now considerable hope that this sad episode will soon come to a much needed end.


Ladd's syndrome is a violation of intrauterine intestinal rotation. The midgut remains fixed at one point at the origin of the superior mesenteric artery. As a result, conditions are created for the occurrence of a volvulus around the root of the mesentery and acute strangulation intestinal obstruction develops. Ladd's syndrome


Background To identify a correlation between the submandibular fossa (SF) visibility and mandibular canal (MC) cortication on panoramic image and the depth of SF measured on CBCT and also correlation between the depth of SF and vertical and horizontal location of MC on CBCT. Material and Methods 500 CBCT scans and panoramic radiographs were evaluated. SF depth types were classified as type I (< 2mm); type II (2-3mm) and type III (> 3mm) on CBCT. Visibility of SF and the cortication of MC on panoramic radiographs were compared with the depth of SF on CBCT. Distances between MC and mandibular inferior, buccal and lingual cortices were measured. Results No statistically significant correlation was found between radiolucent appearances of SF, cortication of MC, and depth of SF. The deepest part of the fossa was in the second molar area followed by third and first molars. Negative weak correlations were found between B-MC, L-MC distances and depth of SF. Conclusions Visibility of SF and cortication of MC on panoramic radiographs did not correlate with the depth of SF. A marked radiolucent submandibular fossa on panoramic image does not undoubtedly indicate a deep fossa, which emphasizes the importance of 3-D imaging in implant planning. Key words:Cone beam computed tomography, panoramic radiography, dental implants, submandibular fossa, intraoperative complications, mandible, mandibular nerve.


In a porous material saturated by a fluid electrolyte, mechanical and electromagnetic disturbances are coupled. The coupling is due to an excess of electrolyte ions that exist in a fluid layer near the grain surfaces within the material; i.e., the coupling is electrokinetic in nature. The governing equations controlling the coupled electromagnetic‐seismic (or ''electroseismic'') wave propagation are presented for a general anisotropic and heterogeneous porous material. Uniqueness is derived as well as the statements of energy conservation and reciprocity. Representation integrals for the various wave fields are derived that require, in general, nine different Green's tensors. For the special case of an isotropic and homogeneous wholespace, both the plane‐wave and the point‐source responses are obtained. Finally, the boundary conditions that hold at interfaces in the porous material are derived.


Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) is one of the most important brassica vegetable grown during winter season in India. It is a monogenomic species belonging to 'C' genome and possessed the chromosome number n=9 (Thamburaj and Singh, 2001). This crop has specific climatic requirement for the economic part i.e., curd development in comparison with other brassicaceous vegetables. Often cauliflower gave severe negative response to unfavorable environmental conditions viz., extreme temperatures and droughts that lead to economic reduction as results of pre mature curd formation (Singh et al., 2014). Exploration of the existence of genetic variability is pivotal for cauliflower crop improvement. Estimation of the existing genetic parameters serves as a basic tool for selection and hybridization since the degree of variability for a given character is pre requisite for its improvement.


Chengjia mustard is edible root tuber vegetable.It is made into a novel pickle with special flavor and felicitous embrittlement through salting in anaerobic process,for the consumer liking.Expeditious development of the industry leads to have a large market in China.For steady and expeditious develop Chengjia mustard industrial,the status and problems is analyzed in the planting and manufacture of Chengjia mustard in Zigong city and the suggestions were put forward for solving them.


Neural style transfer is a concept where the style of an abstract artwork is transferred to an image. Since past two years, neural style transfer has become a gravitated topic both in academic literature and industrial applications. Receiving an increasing attention from computer vision researchers, several ways are being proposed to either improve or extend the original algorithm proposed by Gatys et al. The algorithm could be applied to wide range of images and has concocted sundry applications. We devise an approach to apply our algorithm based on Gatys on designing of drapes. Importantly, this model permits a user to use his own content and style image. It provides user to enter multiple styles on a single content image. Also, a user can apply masking to provide the user with two different styles in the different regions of the content image. The output will provide a picturesque image.


Lightning-induced electron precipitation (LEP) events are studied using the Trimpi effect, in which the precipitation-induced ionization enhancements in the lower ionosphere (D region) give rise to rapid perturbations of subionospheric VLF signals. In 1983,the phase and amplitude of signals from the NPM transmitter in Hawaii (23.4 kHz) and the Omega transmitter in Argentina (12.9 kHz) were measured at Palmer, Antarctica (L-2.4), together with the magnetospheric whistler background. The long baseline and over-sea great circle paths from these two sources make it possible for the observed perturbations to be interpreted using a single waveguide mode theory. Analytical expressions are used to relate the magnitude of the phase perturbations to differential changes in ionospheric reflection height along a segment of the propagation path. The predicted relationship between relative perturbation sizes on the two different signals is compared with measurements. From this information, the whistler-induced flux levels are inferred to be in the 10/sup -4/--10/sup -2/ erg cm/sup -2/ s/sup -1/ range and the precipitation regions are inferred to be roughly ''circular'' in shape, rather than elongated along L shells. Measured amplitude changes tended to be small (--0.5 dB) and negative, as expected from a single-mode theory, but the ratios of simultaneous amplitudemore » and phase perturbations were slightly larger than the theory predicts, probably due to the effects of an additional mode(s). An assessment of the relative detectability of amplitude versus phase perturbations favors phase perturbations by -- 10 dB, irrespective of the detection scheme used. copyright American Geophysical Union 1987« less


Photoelectric observations made on November 5, 1969 with the 24-inch reflector at Lowell Observatory revealed a variation in the magnitude difference between HR 8880 (r Pegasi) and HR 8905 ( v Peg). Although HR 8880 had previously been reported to be nonvariable (Breger 1969), a careful examination of the data indicated that the observed variation did, in fact, originate in this star (see Fig. la). The variability of HR 8880 was confirmed at the 72-inch Perkins reflector on November 18, 1969 when two comparison stars were employed in the observations (see Fig. lb). Three-color measurements of HR 8880 made at the 72-inch telescope on November 20, 1969 are shown in Figure 2. The photoelectric equipment used for these measurements has been described elsewhere (Millis 1969). All the observations have been transformed to the UBV system. A derivation of an accurate period from the limited data in Table I has not been attempted, but it is evident from the light curves that the period is near 80 minutes. The amplitude of light variation is variable, as can be seen by comparing Figure la with Figure lb. The smallest amplitude we observed was 0TM01 in V, but it must at times be even less, or the variability of HR 8880 would not have eluded Breger. The light curves, spectral type (A5 IV), and absolute magnitude (Mv = 2TM3*) of HR 8880 all indicate that it is a member of the Delta Scuti class of variable stars. Like HR 8880, most stars of the 8 Scuti type show significant variations in the amplitudes of their light curves. A few, such as r Cygni (Pant, Gaur, and Pande 1968; Millis 1968; Breger 1969), 1 Monocerotis (Danziger and Dickens 1967) , and y Bootis (Magalashvili and Kumsishvili 1965; Millis 1968) have been observed to be variable at one epoch and effectively constant at another. HR 8880 is, therefore, not unique in this respect.


When plate heat exchangers work at the pressure of cold and hot medium,the exchanger thermal sheet spaces,the fixed active compressing plates produce deformation of bulging.The pretension of bolts directly affects the deformation form of the deformation of bulging,and the sealing condition between the exchanger thermal sheet spaces.In this experiment,we measure the tensile content of bolts,and the normal displacement of fixed and active compressing plates at the working state of static pressure.It provides experimental data for the study of the micro deformation of plate heat exchangers.


It has been shown that standard techniques for extracting level parameters from noise data fail in certain cases. They yield an unrealistically large activation energy E1 and capture cross section σ0. The possible reasons of this situation are discussed.


This study aims to determine the effect of operating income on net income at Bank Muamalat Indonesia Tbk. The period 2015 to 2020. The research method used is an associative quantitative method using secondary data in the form of the financial statements of Bank Muamalat Indonesia which are publicly registered with the Financial Services Authority. Hypothesis testing using simple linear regression analysis through t-test with a view to knowing the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable. The results of this study that the Operating Income variable on Net Profit has a correlation value or relationship (R) of 0.856 (Very Strong), and the value of the Determination Coefficient or R Square of 0.732 in other words the effect is 73.2%, meaning that the X variable (Operational Income) has an effect on on the variable Y (Net Profit) at Bank Muamalat Indonesia Tbk. While the remaining 26.8% is determined by other variables not examined by researchers, namely Non-Operational Income.


We describe a model and calculation technique that supports the design of reactive distillation columns using ChemCAD simulation software. The approach is illustrated for the production of ethyl acetate because it is inevitably needed as an active solvent used in a wide range of applications across many industries. Ethyl acetate is normally produced by esterification of ethanol and acetic acid. A reactive distillation column, combining the reaction and separation into a single stage, is proposed. The ethyl acetate is always distilled and withdrawn out of the reaction zone, the equilibrium is shifted to the right and the reactants conversion is improved. These are the advantages of this combination. Sensitive analyses are carried out to investigate the influence of the different parameters such as pressure, reflux ratio, feed stage location. The effect of reactants excess on the reactants conversion and the ethyl acetate production is also studied. The optimum operation conditions and all design parameters of the reactive distillation column are determined on the ground of the analyses carried out.


affinity with Indian folktales. I t would be interesting to make a more localized study of the tales to find out how far they are known to the other peoples of the Indian Frontier area, and how far, if at all, the Pashai special combinations and variants are current among them. Despite the lack of Grammar and Vocabulary, the linguistic enthusiast need not be deterred from commencing the study of the language. " Skeleton Grammars " of three dialects are provided, and with the help of these, the pretty literal translations, and the notes often containing glosses in Kabuli Persian, it is possible to analyse the forms and deduce the meanings of many of the words of the texts. P. 118.11. cdrm'dy p'ae lira JcaJcd "he cocked (his gun) ". The footnote explains the phrase as meaning literally : " Put the walnut (:cock) on the foot (:butt ?), sc. of the gun." Prima. facie this seems improbable. I should take cdrm'dy to be a miswriting or variant of cdmdx, representing Tk. caqmaq, which appears in Khowar and Burushaski as camax, and in Shina as camak, with the meaning " steel " (of flint and steel). In Prs. caqmaq also means " hammer or cock of gun ". So probably also caqmaq in Pashtu, cf. Bellew's and Raverty's " flint lock of a gun ". If Pash. p'a(e) means " foot ", the meaning would probably be : " he put on foot, i.e. erected, raised, the dogshead ". Cf. (Prs.) Urdu barf a Jcarnd. Otherwise p'ae could be identified with Psht. p'ae " cock of gun ", and Khowar pseya " dogshead of gun ", and " (later style) trigger ". Kho. thoiko pseyoaciko " cock the gun ", lit. " put back the dogshead of the gun ". But what is the origin and primary meanings of this word p'ae, pseya, and what purpose does cd(r)mdy then serve ? P. 208, n. 1. d'rdan'asdi arzam'dn. If arzam'dn is taken as representing Prs. drzumand, there is no difficulty about the meaning given by the Prs. paraphrase : " I am longing to see thee."


The invention discloses a multi-physical quantity measurement sensing signal recognition method based on distributed FBG sensors, which comprises the steps that: reflective light of two or more than two FBG sensors is firstly subjected to own corresponding 1*2 coupler and is then reflected by a collimating mirror to be illuminated on a focusing lens through a blazed grating, a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) image sensor acquires array spots transmitted from the focusing lens, displacements delta lambda of FBG grating wavelengths are calculated according to the formula in order to recognize signals of various FBG sensors, wherein p is pixel size, l is grid pitch, theta k is diffraction angle, delta p is the number of pixel offsets, f is the angle of the focusing lens and k is the number of diffraction orders; the method and the device can distinguish and recognize multi-parameter micro signals and sense information recognition methods intelligently, thereby realizing simultaneous, accurate and distributed measurement for multi-parameter; the invention further provides a device for implementing the method by taking drill bit for example.


The group of medieval pottery described in this paper was found at Lesnes Abbey in June 1959, when the smaller of two stone-lined pits added against the west end of the Reredorter was cleared. The pit measured 8 ft. by 5 ft. internally, and was about 10 ft. deep. The greater part of the filling, about 7 ft. in depth, consisted of chalk and stone rubble, fragments of sandy mortar, a few pieces of worked stone, and broken roofing tiles. Below this filling was a layer of dark soil, about 2 ft. in depth, at the bottom of the pit. All the pottery was found in the layer of dark soil; there is thus no doubt that it is contemporary, and was absolutely sealed by several feet of building debris. I am indebted to the officers of the Historic Buildings Section of the London County Council for these details, and for permission to examine the pottery and prepare this report for publication.


This text focuses on the exhibition Prenez soin de vous by the French artist Sophie Calle, which is based on the story of a broken love affair via e-mail and on the reaction of 107 women who were invited by the artist to answer in her place. Calle was known for exposing her "personal experiences" to produce a artwork that discusses intimacy and identity through photography, film, installation and performance. By depicting the exposition, one realize that the theme is not either the history of disruption nor the replies to e-mail, but the circuit by circulating affections, discourses and social practices that is mobilized by the artist in order to create her work. The text intends to examine the relational processes which construct the artist's games with narrative forms. Based on the concepts of mediation and translation developed by Bruno Latour, I will discuss this communicative aspect of the work: the ways it mobilizes and connects different instances of enunciation in a sign network.


This study was to develop a real‐time florescence quantitative PCR (RT‐FQ‐PCR) assay to measure virulence‐associated DEAD‐box RNA helicase (VAD1) mRNA from Cryptococcus neoformans and evaluate its potential use in diagnosis and follow‐up treatment of C. neoformans meningitis (CNM). Cryptococcus neoformans was detected using RT‐FQ‐PCR, ink staining, fungal culturing and C. neoformans antigen detection in CNM compared with a normal control. VAD1 mRNA was measured in both acute and stable CNM patients. The sensitivity of RT‐FQ‐PCR (96%) is higher than ink staining (72%) and culture culturing (64%) (P < 0.05, P < 0.05 respectively), but its sensitivity is the same as antigen detection (96%, P > 0.05). The levels of VAD1 mRNA in the acute and stable phase of a C. neoformans infection are 3.042 ± 0.906 and 2.187 ± 0.665 respectively (P < 0.01). The levels of VAD1 mRNA are correlated to the numbers of C. neoformans, intracranial pressure and glucose concentration in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF; P < 0.01, P < 0.01 and P < 0.05 respectively). The levels of expression of VAD1 mRNA in the group of patients who received an AmB/5‐FC/FZC drug regimen decreased more than in patients taking a 5‐FC/AmB or 5‐FC/FCZ drug combination. Quantitative measurements of VAD1 mRNA are valuable and reliable in diagnosing C. neoformans infection and evaluating a therapy response.


This study on interlanguage variation examines style-shifting in the use of three past tense morphemes: regular past, irregular past and past copula. A cross-sectional study was then undertaken to investigate the order of a low-intermediate second language learner of English. This study was motivated by the hypothesis that there was an invariant order in the developmental route which was the result of universal processing strategies similar to those observed by first language acquisiton. Data were collected under three different styles of speech: 1) planned writing; 2) planned speech and 3) un-planned speech. The results have an interesting relationship to those published by Ellis (1987) showing the same interaction between task and morpheme. Different degrees of accuracy have been observed and it suggests that the natural route followed by second language learners might not be a stable phenomenon.


On 2017 Earth Day (22 April), Science and Technology Theme Branch of Hangzhou Public Library jointly held READ FOR THE EARTH--2017 Public Welfare Event with Green Zhejiang (an non-government organization). From 12:00 noon on 22 April to 12:00 noon on 23 April, namely World Reading Day, Silent Spring has been read consistently for 24 hours. Over 3000 readers from Asia, Africa and America continents participated, including 3 NGO groups, 2 provincial government officers, 9 municipal environmental pioneers. The whole events were live broadcasted by NetEast (a Chinese famous website) Platform for 122000 readers and by Zhejiang TV station six times a day for local community.
The promotion that reading of classic books combined with popularization of scientific knowledge, online participation connected with offline reading event, attracted tremendous attentions in the whole society, and was greatly supported by Hangzhou Municipal Bureau of Culture, Radio, TV, Film, Press and Publication and our readers. The event was rewarded as the First Prize in Creativity Execution and Planning Competition on Reading Promotion in Zhejiang Province, the Third Prize for the posters and entitled as Best Poster, Citizens' Favorite Poster, which has become the only public library winning so many prizes.


Infrared (IR) rectification is promising for high-performance IR detection at room temperature. We propose metal– insulator–metal (MIM)-based plasmonic structures incorporating a nanoslit for IR rectification. Gold and SiO2 were used as the metal and insulator layers, respectively. A high-aspect-ratio nanoslit was incorporated onto the top of the metal layer of an MIM structure. This slit works as a coupler for incident IR light, and a surface plasmon mode is induced in the slit. The coupled IR light is then guided into the middle insulator layer and waveguide modes are formed. Rectification can be achieved by applying a voltage between the top and bottom metal layers. Finite-difference timedomain calculations show that wavelength selective detection can be achieved by controlling the slit width or depth. However, these proposed structures are difficult to fabricate because a metal-based high-aspect-ratio nanoslit cannot be formed by conventional dry or wet etching. We have developed fabrication procedures using gold electroplating and chemical mechanical polishing (CMP). The former method uses a photoresist as a sacrificial layer for the narrow slit, and the top metal is formed by electroplating. The latter uses SiO2 as a sacrificial layer, and the top metal is formed by sputtering and CMP. Both methods can be used to fabricate an MIM structure with a nanoslit. It was found that the CMP method can achieve a higher aspect ratio. These proposed structures and fabrication techniques could contribute to the development of novel IR detectors using plasmonic rectification.


Confronted from the strong threat from two levels of air and space,it is hard to deal with it only depending on our current early warning surveillance means and systems.By analyzing the threats and current situation of integration of air and space information operation,the characteristics of near space were expounded and the advantages of deployment of early warning systems in near space analyzed.Those advantages include compensating space-based system upwards and the gap of air-based and land-based systems downwards,and strong controllability.Finally it was suggested that the construction of near space air defence early warning surveillance system be developed in terms of the near space air defence early warning surveillance system,regional batterfield reconnaissance surveillance system,command and communication systems and integrated near space electronic countermearsure systems


Recent 6 years' studies on the research applications of UHMWPE in medical areas are reviewed. UHMWPE is a thermoplastic polymer with outstanding properties, such as high wear resistance, good impact strength etc. Right now, UHMWPE is widely used in artificial joint replacement. Current focus is concentrated on understanding its wear mechanism and enhancing the wear resistant property.UHMWPE has already been used as carrier material for tissue engineering and gene growth.


This article examines the role of positive events in older women's adaptation to rheumatoid arthritis. In one study, women with rheumatoid arthritis were compared with healthy older women. The women with rheumatoid arthritis showed a less-active pattern of social engagement than the healthy women, and less-stable patterns over time. In a second study, women with rheumatoid arthritis participated in an intervention designed to enhance active patterns of social engagement. The intervention succeeded in increasing positive social-engagement patterns. Improvements in quality of life and reduction in disease activity coincided with these changes. Most improvements in well-being did not last, but the women's beliefs in their capacity to cope with their illness were enhanced, and those beliefs remained significantly higher than levels before the intervention.


The student starts from the BPSK simulator (Project 1) and simplifies it to the semi-analytic BPSK simulator. He/she then introduces the error function as we defined it and calculates the number of bits to simulate. Finally, he/she verifies that the simulation output has a Gaussian statistic.


Abstract The classical ergographic experiments conducted by Mosso in the late 1800s were an impetus to widespread study of fatigue patterns as related to learning and educational planning. In no small way, Mosso's work contributed to the development of scientific study of children and pedagogy. Subsequent work by many investigators has continued to seek links between physiological and psychological factors with local muscular fatigue pattern components. In this paper, a discussion of logically deduced versus statistically defined components in fatigue pattern analysis strategies is followed by a concise review of local muscular fatigue patterns as related to (1) level of strength in male and female subjects, (2) recovery and over-recovery patterns, (3) the quick jump in strength phenomenon, (4) psychological factors, and (5) muscle fiber type composition.


The invention relates to a rock core holder compatible with nuclear magnetic resonance, which can simulate pressures and temperatures of deep reservoirs, perform oil water displacement of a rock core under simulated formation conditions, and simultaneously perform nuclear magnetic resonance on-line measurement. According to the invention, a radio frequency coil is embedded in the rock core holder, and the signal to noise ratio is greatly increased when the rock core holder is compared with a conventional rock core holder. The rock core holder is made of nonmagnetic nonmetal materials, which avoids the damage of the magnetic field uniformity caused by magnetic materials, and also avoids the generation of eddy current in the holder by a pulse gradient. Compared with a conventional rock core holder, the invention not only greatly increases the signal to noise ratio, but also fully ensures the accuracy of nuclear magnetic resonance measurement results at a high temperature and a high pressure. The holder is applicable to on-line measurement of nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation spectra, diffusion-relaxation two-dimensional spectra, and imaging methods during rock core oil water displacement at a high temperature and a high pressure. In addition, the invention performs real-time tracking compensation of temperatures and pressures of ring-crush fluid, and thus ensures the reliability of rock core simulated formation conditions.


The Acetobacter xylinum and Schizosacchromyces sp. were isolated from tea fungus culture. Each strain 's function on the production of antibacterial protein was explored by single-strain culture and double-strain culture under various condition. The preliminary conclusion is that the protein is synthesized by the yeast cells and its antibacterial activity is significantly improved through modification by bacteria enzymes. The results of co-cultures of several yeasts with the Acetobacter xylinum show that Schizosacchromyces is superior to other yeasts.


In recent years, physics-based computer models have been increasingly applied to design the drop-on-demand (DOD) inkjet devices. The initial design stage for these devices often requires a fast turnaround time of computer models, because it usually involves a massive screening of a large number of design parameters. Thus, in the present study, a 1D model is developed to achieve the fast prediction of droplet ejection process from DOD devices, including the droplet breakup and coalescence. A popular 1D slender-jet method (Egger, 1994) is adopted in this study. The fluid dynamics in the nozzle region is described by a 2D axisymmetric unsteady Poiseuille flow model. Droplet formation and nozzle fluid dynamics are coupled, and hence solved together, to simulate the inkjet droplet ejection. The arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian method is employed to solve the governing equations. Numerical methods have been proposed to handle the breakup and coalescence of droplets. The proposed methods are implemented in an in-house developed MATLAB code. A series of validation examples have been carried out to evaluate the accuracy and the robustness of the proposed 1D model. Finally, a case study of the inkjet droplet ejection with different Ohnesorge number (Oh) is presented to demonstrate the capability of the proposed 1D model for DOD inkjet process. Our study has shown that 1D model can significantly reduce the computational time (usually less than one minute) yet with acceptable accuracy, which makes it very useful to explore the large parameter space of inkjet devices in a short amount of time.


With the dramatic increase of the online multimedia resources and the ongoing advance in the functionality of mobile devices,how to search the needed information from so many multimedia resources has been becoming more and more important.Due to their well-known limited description ability etc,the traditional keyword-based retrieval approaches can no longer meet the retrieval demand of users.Furthermore,applying these kinds of multimedia retrieval techniques to mobile devices directly is not feasible.Meanwhile,mobile device users have a growing eagerness to retrieve multimedia resources quickly and precisely.This paper describes the achievements of the research in multimedia retrieval techniques,which are based on the content and aim to be run on mobile devices,in detail.These new techniques function more precisely and rapidly,compared with existing techniques.


110 pigmentary change on his person. Ilis gums spongy; his pulse weak and accelerated; his temperature normal; his lungs and liver were right; his urine was scanty, and contained a trace of albumen ; his vomiting could not be checked ; his appetite altogether gone, and in a few weeks he took to his bed. All medical skill proved ineffectual; he was advised to try the effect of a change. He went to Benares,


The application of competition method in IT class of basic education makes it come true to use task-driven, to make students independently learning and collaborative learning, to interest them and foster their creative conscious. The article introduces the intension of competition method and its process in operation, and analyzes a teaching case as well. It aims at calling for better effect of competition method in teaching.


By dint of remote sensing decode to get the farmland area of Baicheng City,combining with rainfall parameters,crop yield estimation and water conservation quantity models,the economic value of farmland ecosystem services in Baicheng City was estimated to reveal temporal sequence changes rules of farmland ecological system service function.Results suggested that the economic value of per hectare supplied by farmland ecosystem services was 4 972.64 yuan/hm2 in 1989,10 031.76 yuan/hm2 in 1996,6 559.25 yuan/hm2 in 2000,7 197.29 yuan/hm2 in 2004 and 11 077.74 yuan/hm2 in 2008.It was increasing in general.The main reasons for these changes were natural factors such as droughts and floods and human factors such as land development projects in Baicheng City.


The article addresses the debate about the empirical status of particles versus wave functions in Bohmian quantum mechanics. It thereby clarifies questions and misconceptions about the role of the particles in the measurement process, the (un)reliability of position measurements (surrealistic trajectories), and the limited empirical access to particle positions (absolute uncertainty). Taking the ontological commitment of Bohmian mechanics seriously, all relevant empirical results follow from an analysis of the theory in terms of particle motions. Finally, we address the question of why particle motions rather than patterns in the wave function would be the supervenience base of conscious experience.


The harmonious social development needs harmonious accounting,and harmonious accounting exists objectively.Harmonious accounting is of vital significance to the harmonious society′s construction.The harmonious accounting′s nature is behavior accounting,and it has the basic characteristics such as reflection democracy,manifesting the government by law,the attention to fairness,the honest code of honor,the behavior sequential and the intercoordination,etc.It must keep pace with the times to construct harmonious accounting,innovate and develop the accounting of the enterprise harmoniously.The harmonious innovation is the power of developing the accounting,and the harmony is the condition of innovating development,and the harmonious accounting includes developing accounting creatively,developing the theory of the accounting,improving the laws and regulations of accounting system,advancing accounting becoming information,developing the accounting market and developing accounting education and so on.


This paper addresses the architectural design aspects of general business computer application programs written in high-level procedural programming languages. It puts forth design concepts for easily built, maintainable programs and describes a unique approach to program decomposition.


It is a certain fact that growth and development of the Korean churches is the result of the mission work achieved with God's grace. Judging from this fact, we confirm that God assigned a big national and epochal mission on the Korean churches. Unprecedented in the world history of mission, the Korean churches have retained about 10 million Christians for the past one century and have set up almost 50,000 churches and turned out thousands of seminary students each year. The world is now envious of this quantitative growth of the Korean churches, and expects that the potential of the Korean churches will play a role as a bridgehead of the world mission work. And the Korean churches also regard this fact as God's blessing and thank God. However, today it is not a high time that Korean churches are proud of this external gorgeous figure or are satisfied with it. Rather now it is a high time that in view of healthy religious discernment and God's words we should review our reality and our fault hidden in the back again. We should reflect on Korean churches with Jesus Christ's eyes and listen to Christ's voice on today's churches. It is because there are a lot of problems not to be seen positively in the back of the growth of Korean churches. In this time of the serious confusion of values, we need to check if the Korean churches properly carry out the original mission and role of the churches to relieve nation. According to various statistical data, the growth of the churches began to stand still after the climax in 90's and nowadays some religious orders witness noted symptom of crisis like the slowdown of growth. If we don't clarify the causes and present a right prescription, Korean churches will follow the way of stagnation and shrinking like European churches.Therefore, while looking back to the past of Korean churches, we shall have to find out a fundamental answer to the problem of the slowdown of Korean churches. Thus in this thesis we will figure out the cause of the problem in the viewpoint of unique mission work and present the prescription and missionary vision.


As a selected subband signal, selected is one of frequency band signals of an input signal that has a maximal signal to mask ratio. The selected subband signal is assigned, as a primary provisional bit-number, with a maximal quantization bit number allocatable thereto. A primary mask to noise ratio of the selected subband signal is calculated. Other subband signals are assigned with temporary bit numbers incremented one by one from zero with secondary mask to noise ratios of the other subband signal meanwhile calculated each time when the temporary bit numbers are incremented by one. The temporary bit numbers are allocated to the other subband signals as secondary provisional bit numbers when the secondary mask to noise ratios individually exceed the primary mask to noise ratio. Some of the secondary provisional bit numbers may be equal to zero. A sum of the primary and the secondary provisional bit numbers is compared with a total of quantization bit numbers allocatable to the frequency band signals. If the sum does not exceed the total, the primary and the secondary provisional bit numbers are allocated to the selected and the other subband signals. If the sum exceeds the total, the primary and the secondary provisional bit numbers are uniformly reduced and allocated, unless reduced to negative, to the selected and the other subband signals. Zero is used instead of at least one of the secondary provisional bit numbers that is reduced to negative.


In my framework, the transition to an industrial economy is completed when the industrial labor force (in mining, construction, manufacturing, public utilities, transport, communication, and storage) rises to exceed the declining agricultural labor force. Though an approximate concept, it is a useful one because in the case of postwar Japan, Taiwan, and South Korea (Hong Kong and Singapore have no significant agricultural sector) it was accompanied by the completion of the demographic transition (whereby high plateaus of birth rates declined to much lower levels) and by the completion of the distributive transition (whereby high plateaus of income disparity fell to lower levels).' The industrial transition is more difficult in monsoon Asia than in the West because of the nature of monsoon paddy agriculture, which happens to be the main livelihood of about one-half of the world. No Asian nation, not even Japan, was able to complete the transition before World War II (although some Latin American nations did). Despite high growth rates, the Philippines, Thailand, and Indonesia are still a decade or so away from the completion, with Malaysia near completion. Hong Kong and Singapore moved easily into an industrial economy from a traditional service economy because of the absence of a large agricultural sector, whereas India and China, with enormous agricultural sectors, are several decades from completion.


The utility model discloses a punching machine with multiple pneumatic punching heads. The punching machine comprises a frame (5), wherein at least six lower dies (2) are horizontally distributed on the frame (5), the upper part of each lower die (2) is over against an upper die (3), the upper dies (3) are driven by one-to-one corresponding air cylinders (4) to move up and down for punching, and the air cylinders (4) are supported by supporting frames (5). The multi-head pneumatic punching machine has a simple structure and unique design, and is convenient to install; and a plurality of stamping dies are driven by independent air cylinders, so that when soles with different sizes are manufactured, the stamping dies can be replaced without shut down and waiting for heating, the work load is reduced, the efficiency is improved, and the probability that the punching machine is damaged is reduced.


Were we attacking "a theory of conscious motivation?"-Lindesmith's seizing upon our use of the word "motivation" to contend that we mistook his theory for one of conscious motivation enables him to raise methodological problems concerning consciousness, to question the relevance of our work to his, and to pave the way for an argument hat our "pleasure motive . . . involves a confusion of effects with causes." We deal with the first two issues here and the third in the next section. Our use of "motivation" at many points followed standard practice in psychology, where the word does not entail consciousness. Although we could easily have dispensed with "motivation" and adhered to a "hard" behaviorism, we did not for two reasons. First, self-reported motives can be valuable clues to the relevant response-consequence ontingencies. Therefore, when we presented evidence that euphoria is consciously desired, and so forth, we were alleging the importance and occurrence of positive reinforcement rather than arguing that Lindesmith's was a theory of conscious motivation (see our definition of "euphoria," in McAuliffe and Gordon [1974 p. 800]). It is the difference in the role we attach to positive reinforcement that challenges his theory, not any difference concerning the concept of "motive." Second, we used motivational terminology to parallel Lindesmith's use of this language in his own work. For example, ". . . the most obvious characteristic of the addict's behavior is his intense desire . . . for the drug. This desire . . . is a powerful conscious motive driving him to seek satisfaction . . ." (Lindesmith 1968, p. 49; our italics). In Lindesmith's work, conscious motives are equated with "craving," which leads to the frequent use of opiates (1968, pp. 55, 56). Finally, he holds that "the craving . . . is fixed by negative rather than by positive reinforcement . . ." (1968, p. 95). It was at this point that we took issue with him. Lindesmith as also used the concept of "motives" to refer to all reasons individuals give for becoming addicts other than those that stem directly from drug use (1968, pp. 16-17). He has explicitly denied that his is a theory of motives in this sense. The present controversy, however, concerns variations in motives due to variations in drug-derived reinforcement. Our paper dealt with Lindesmith's treatment of motives in the latter category, not the former. A cognitive theme in Lindesmith's work would also seem to support


Abstract The potential of the 'weak beam' technique in the analysis of dislocation loops has been investigated. A new variant of the technique-the 'symmetric weak beam' method-has been developed. This produces dislocation images approaching those of the conventional 'weak beam' technique, but in addition allows the formation of a 'symmetric weak beam bright field' (SWBBF) micrograph where dislocation loop images coincide with the true loop position. The advantages of the 'symmetric weak beam' method are discussed in terms of its application to the analysis of loops in irradiated titanium.


The impact of a golf club with a golf ball has previously been analysed by several authors, assuming that the ball rolls across the club face. In this paper it is shown that the ball grips the club face, rather than rolling, with the result that the outgoing ball spin is generally larger than previously estimated. Experimental results are presented for three different balls, showing that the ball spin can vary from one ball to the next, depending on the tangential coefficient of restitution of the ball.


We explore the connections between the evolving galaxy and active galactic nucleus (AGN) populations. We present a simple phenomenological model that links the evolving galaxy mass function and the evolving quasar luminosity function, which makes specific and testable predictions for the distribution of host galaxy masses for AGNs of different luminosities. We show that the ϕ∗ normalizations of the galaxy mass function and of the AGN luminosity function closely track each other over a wide range of redshifts, implying a constant "duty cycle" of AGN activity. The strong redshift evolution in the AGN L∗ can be produced by either an evolution in the distribution of Eddington ratios, or in the mbh/m∗ mass ratio, or both. To try to break this degeneracy we look at the distribution of AGNs in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (mbh, L) plane, showing that an evolving ratio m bh / m ∗ ∝ ( 1 + z ) 2 ?> reproduces the observed data and also reproduces the local relations that connect the black hole population with the host galaxies for both quenched and star-forming populations. We stress that observational studies that compare the masses of black holes in active galaxies at high redshift with those in quiescent galaxies locally will always see much weaker evolution. Evolution of this form would produce, or could be produced by, a redshift-independent mbh–σ relation and could explain why the local mbh–σ relation is tighter than mbh–m* even if σ is not directly linked to black hole growth. Irrespective of the evolution of mbh/m*, the model reproduces both the appearance of "downsizing" and the so-called "sub-Eddington boundary" without any mass-dependence in the evolution of black hole growth rates.


Parallel-Series Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PSHEV) can enhance the fuel economy by adjusting the engine operating points, and take full advantage of the high efficiency of the mechanical transmission. Based on the power-split scheme and the analysis of the power component efficiency, the identification method of overall efficiency is proposed. The dynamic efficiency model of the power-coupled machine is discussed in emphases. The overall efficiency optimization model for power management is established for enhancing the system total efficiency. The optimization calculation and implement are carried on by system simulation, and the test results indicate that the overall efficiency optimization method can control the operating points of the power components at the comprehensive optimal states, and the system transmission efficiency and the fuel economy are enhanced observably. The research of the power-split characteristic analysis and the overall efficiency optimization provides foundation for developing the control strategy and control system of PSHEV.


In response to accreditation of our Master of Public Health program, integration of Indigenous public health competencies, and implementation of the health promotion practitioner accreditation in Australia, we designed a core Master of Public Health promotion course. In this article, we begin by describing the three sets of competencies that informed our course development. Despite consensus that reflexivity is central to effective health promotion practice, there was limited reference to reflexive practice within established competencies. However, given our broader alignment with Freire's philosophy of "conscientization," we came to realize that reflexivity was central to our pedagogical framework. In what follows, we describe the conceptualization of reflexivity that guided course development and how reflexivity was integrated into the lecture and assessment content. We highlight how reflection, as part of the assessment, was applied as a means of engaging students in their journey through understanding the inextricably social, political, economic, and cultural nature of health and health promotion practice.


The effects of a small amount of holes on the antiferromagnetic state of the two-dimensional Hubbard model are investigated analytically and numerically. It is found that it is energetically favorable for the system to form domain walls of finite width, with the holes localized in bound states at the walls. For a small but finite concentration of holes, a regularly spaced array of domain walls is formed, i.e. one has an insulating incommensurate antiferromagnet, with a linearly polarized magnetisation pattern and a modulation wavevector proportional to the hole concentration. With increasing electron-electron repulsion, the preferred orientation of the walls changes from parallel to a lattice direction to diagonal. Possible fluctuation effects in the incommensurate phase and relations with recent experiments on La 2-x SrCuO 4 are discussed Les effets d'une faible concentration de trous sur l'etat antiferromagnetique du modele de Hubbard bidimensionnel sont etudies analytiquement et numeriquement. On trouve qu'il est energetiquement favorable de former des parois d'une largeur finie, avec les trous localises dans des etats liees aux parois. Pour une concentration faible mais finie de trous, un reseau regulier de parois est stable, c'est-a-dire on a un etat antiferromagnetique incommensurable isolant, avec une aimantation polarisee lineairement et un vecteur d'onde variant lineairement avec la concentration des trous. Si la repulsion electron-electron croit, l'orientation preferee des parois change de parallele a une direction du reseau a diagonale. La possibilite d'effets fluctuatifs dans la phase incommensurable ainsi que le rapport avec des experiences recentes sur La 2-x Sr x CuO 4 sont discutes


Abstract Methodical aspects of nonlinear electromechanical properties determination by a resonance method under the influence of a polarizing field for crystals of 42m point symmetry group have been considered. Experimental results for bars made of KDP ferroelectric in the paraelectric phase have been presented. In a wide temperature range 0.5 K < T - Tc < 150 K a similar temperature behaviour of the coefficients of nonlinear piezoeffcct d316 and of electrostriction R31 , proportional to (T - TC )γ, where γ = -2 ± 0.1, has been found.


Abstract External gear pumps are used in fluid transport systems because of their tight clearances and accurate flow control. These tight clearances are a challenge for numerical studies in terms of spatial discretization. In earlier work, the flow of a viscous fluid in an external gear pump is computed using the finite element method (FEM). An element size based on the respective distance between boundaries is proposed. In this study, results based on the earlier work are compared to extrusion experiments of EPDM. The aim of this study is not only to validate the numerical simulations, but also to determine what material characteristics need to be taken into account for an accurate output prediction of the external gear pump. Especially the introduction of shear-thinning behavior results in an improvement of the amplitude of the pressure difference fluctuation. Taking into account compressibility, alters the torque fluctuation in such a way that it mimics the experiments. Unfortunately, the fluctuation in torque still has a too high amplitude. Eventually, simulations are performed including shear-thinning behavior, a temperature- and pressure-dependent viscosity, and compressibility. The effect of measuring the material behavior using oscillatory or shear experiments is shown. Furthermore, the simulations are applied to a second EPDM. Finally, different processing conditions are tested. For the simulations, only qualitative agreement is found, possibly as a result of the no slip boundary condition.


As more and more regions seek to implement high-occupancy toll or HOT lanes, more and more transit agencies seek knowledge to take advantage of this new infrastructure opportunity. Unfortunately, as is often the case with the rapid diffusion of a new technology, little information is available to guide policy. This research addresses the need for knowledge on the integration of transit with HOT lanes. It first identifies the salient elements of HOT lanes for transit agencies and then systematically compares these features across all 12 HOT lane facilities operating in the United States at the start of 2012. This paper combines a review of the limited literature on HOT lane/transit integration with detailed data collection from functioning projects. The text aims at a general comparison; however, the tables offer an additional degree of detail to facilitate further exploration.