Summary. Hoeffding's test of bivariate independence and its asymptotic equivalent due to Blum, Kiefer and Rosenblatt are well known to be consistent against all dependence alternatives. However, the two tests, which are often treated as interchangeable, are rarely used in data analysis mainly because their finite sample null distributions are unavailable, and little is known about their operating characteristics. In this paper the conventional wisdom regarding the equivalence of these tests and their distributions is examined by first tabulating their null distributions for sample sizes n = 5, 6,..., 25, 30,..., 50, 60,..., 100, and then studying their power functions empirically. The power functions are compared with those of the commonly used methods based on the product moment correlation, the rank correlation and Kendall's 7, for bivariate normal and log-normal populations, as well as a variety of dependence models such as the well-known copulas due to Morgenstern, Gumbel, Plackett, Marshall and Olkin, Raftery, Clayton and Frank. It is seen that the Blum, Kiefer and Rosenblatt test is generally preferable in terms of power against positive dependence alternatives and that the conventional wisdom deserves a revision.


exilic or early post-exilic period for the insertion of the doxologies, his study of their language pointing in a similar direction. He insists that their view of God is the logical outcome of Amos's own emphases, of his call to face a theophany of judgment. Grenshaw's welcome highlighting of theophany rather than covenant-renewal might be strengthened by noting the links between Amos's ethical demands and legal material like the decalogue, closely linked in tradition to theophany. A helpful postscript reviews the literature on Amos's doxologies and doxologies of judgment in the decade or more since the presentation of the thesis.


Various useful relations involving Hammett's and coefficients are derived for cross interactions between identical groups: , , and . The use of these relations enable us to correctly interprete the transition state structure. Another advantage of the use of these relations is to use for the determination of corresponding values instead of plotting log k vs , once values for standardizing equilibria are obtained.


Michael Redhead's recent argument aiming to show that humanly certifiable truth outruns provability is critically evaluated. It is argued that the argument is at odds with logical facts and fails.


We have characterised the migration and proliferation rates of a large number of patient-derived glioblastoma cell lines using an individual-based model coupled to an Approximate Bayesian Computation algorithm. We found that the cell lines exhibited a negative correlation between the rate of migration and rate of division. This observation agrees with the Go or Grow hypothesis and highlights patient-specific differences in migration and proliferation.


(r=0.73, p 900 pg/ml a fost 0.51 (sensibilitate de 82% si specificitate de 80%) cu o acurateţe de 90%. Concluzie: GMI-TDI are o corelaţie puternică cu nivelul seric al NTproBNP si poate fi utilizat cu o bună acurateţe pentru estimarea funcţiei LV. Cuvinte cheie: peptid natriuretic, indice de performanţă miocardică globală, velocitatea inelului mitral, ecocardiografie Doppler tisulară ABSTRACT Introduction: Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) is a novel echocardiographic technique that permits measurements of mitral annular and myocardial velocities. The global myocardial index determined by the pulsed Doppler method (GMI) is a simple and noninvasive measurement for assessing global left ventricular (LV) function. This index can also be obtained by TDI (GMI-TDI). N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP) is recognized as a reliable marker of systolic and diastolic LV function. Aim: To assess the relationship between different TDI parameters and NTproBNP levels in patients with left ventricular dysfunction, in sinus rhythm. Material and methods: Conventional echocardiography and TDI were performed simultaneously with NTproBNP determination in 137 consecutive patients with left ventricular dysfunction, in sinus rhythm, referred for echocardiography. Patients with inadequate echocardiographic image, paced rhythm, severe mitral valvular disease, mitral prosthesis, pericardial disease, acute coronary syndrome, coronary artery by-pass within 72 hours or renal failure were excluded. The remaining 110 patients (age 63 ±13 years) formed our study group. Peak early diastolic transmitral velocity (E, using pulsed Doppler) / peak early mitral annular diastolic velocity (Ea, using TDI) ratio and the peak systolic velocity during ejection in TDI of the mitral annulus (Sa) were determined; the average of the velocities from the septal and lateral site of the mitral annulus was used. From TDI recordings, the time interval during diastole (a') and the duration of the systole Sa-wave (b') were measured. The GMI-TDI was calculated as (a' - b')/b'. GMI-TDI was measured at the septal and lateral sites of the mitral annulus, and the average was utilized. Results: Simple regression analysis demonstrated a significant linear correlation between GMI-TDI and NTproBNP (r=0.73, p 900 pg/ml was 0.51 (sensitivity of 82% and specificity of 80%) with 90% accuracy. Conclusions: GMI-TDI had a good correlation with plasma NTproBNP levels and can be used with good accuracy for the assessment of the LV function. Abbreviations: BNP = brain natriuretic peptide; E = maximal early diastolic transmitral flow velocity; Ea = maximal early mitral annular diastolic velocity; EDD = end-diastolic diameter; EF = ejection fraction; GMI-TDI = Global Myocardial Index assessed by Tissue Doppler Imaging; LA = left atrial; LV = left ventricle; NTproBNP = N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; Sa = maximal systolic velocity of mitral annulus; TDI = Tissue Doppler Imaging.


Keeping in view the pharmacological potential of azetidinones, coumarins, the title compounds containing these nuclei were synthesized. The key starting compound for synthesis of title compounds is 7-urethane-4-methyl- benzopyran-2-one. This was synthesized by reaction of m-aminophenol with ethyl chloroformate to give urethane, which on treatment with conc. Sulphuric acid and ethylacetoacetate gives 7-urethane-4-methyl-benzopyran-2-one.7- urethane-4-methyl-benzopyran-2-one was further condensed with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol to give N-(4-methyl- 2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl) hydrazinecarboxamide which is further exposed to various substituted aldehydes to give Schiff bases, which on further treatment with chloro acetyl chloride and triethylamine afford the title compound The structures of these compounds were confirmed by spectroscopic data.Va-l. All these newly synthesized compounds Va-l. All the products were screened in vitro for their anti microbial activity against different strains of gm (+) and (- ) gm and fungai. All compounds exhibited significant antimicrobial activity compared to the standard drug ciprofloxacin.


This paper describes improved ride comfort of a novel nonlinear suspension for seat system based on field measurements. For the novel nonlinear suspension proposed, a rubber spring is used as its elastic element which has highly nonlinear characteristics to adapt various working conditions, and an asymmetrical damper is designed to yield asymmetric damping characteristics. Previous seat models were not very suitable for the system; thus, a nonlinear mathematical model was built to describe it better. Then, based on field measurements, the model parameters were identified, and the suspension damping coefficients were tuned under the practical constraints, to achieve satisfactory ride comfort to the greatest extent possible. Finally, the bench test was carried out, and the results show that, after the coefficients tuning, the seat vertical frequency-weighted root mean square (RMS) acceleration values are decreased by about 10% and 8% under the driving conditions on the highway and the gravel road, respectively, which proves the damping coefficients tuned are workable. The novel nonlinear suspension and the method of the damping coefficients tuning provide a valuable reference for further improving ride comfort to better protect the driver's health.


In this paper,the minimum separability of goods is analyzed and the concepts of meta-firm and essential firm are proposed.It is suggested that the nature of firms exist in the organic integrity of goods product unit and in the complex arrangement of dynamic game contracts.The power structure,the profit ability and the scale boundary of firms and the substituting relationship between the firm and the market are discussed,and the atom-model of classic and modern firms is proposed.


Based on the single factor experiment,the response surface method with three factors at three levels is adopted according to the principle of central composite design.The factors of optimum conditions for the extraction will be determined by regression analysis.We choose the pressure,temperature and time of extraction as random fators.The results showed that the optimum conditions for the supercritical fluid extraction were as following:the pressure of extraction 20 MPa,the temperature of extraction 40℃,the time of extraction 3 h.Under the optimum conditons,the extraction yield of garlic oil was 0.393 %,while the experimental extraction yield was 0.378 %,with relative error 0.96% compared with theoretical value.


Studies on blast neurotrauma have focused on investigating the effects of exposure to free-field blast representing the simplest form of blast threat scenario without considering any reflecting surfaces. However, in reality personnel are often located within enclosures or nearby reflecting walls causing a complex blast environment, that is, involving shock reflections and/or compound waves from different directions. In fact, when a blast wave interacts with nearby structures, reflected shock waves are generated and complex three-dimensional shock waves are formed. Complex shock wave overpressure-time traces are significantly different from free-field profiles because reflections can cause super-positioning of shock waves resulting in increased pressure magnitudes and multiple pressure peaks. Very importantly, the shocks arrive from different directions which would invoke a different biomechanical response than a one-dimensional exposure. It has been reported that in complex wave environments, the extent of the injuries becomes a function of the location related to the surrounding structures rather than a function of the distance from the center of the explosion, as it is for free-field conditions (Yelverton et al. 1993; Mayorga 1997; Stuhmiller 1997). Furthermore, the resulting injuries when the individual is in confined spaces are noted to be more severe (Yelverton et al. 1993; Leibovici et al. 1996). The purpose of this study was to design a complex wave testing system and perform a preliminary investigation of the intracranial pressure (ICP) response of rats exposed to a complex blast wave environment. Furthermore, we explored the effects of head orientation in the same environment.Copyright © 2012 by ASME


The authors use NMR spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction to determine the electronic, molecular, and crystal structure of the furan-based title lactone. Structural properties including lattice parameters, bond lengths and angles, and electron density distribution and spin-spin coupling constants are disclosed. Hyperfine splitting observed in the NMR spectra is analyzed and the stereochemistry of the fusion of the bycyclic lactone system is determined. NMR spectra were taken on carbon 13 in deuterated chloroform.


Forward security characteristic and strong blind characteristic are introduced simultaneously into E-cash system.For-ward security characteristic can decrease efficiently the loss caused by key exposure.Strong blind characteristic can protect mes-sage sender or consumer's right of privacy in practical application.The introduction of the two characteristics can improve ex-tremely the security of E-cash system.The security of the scheme is based on the difficulty to solve discrete logarithm problem.


Abstract Laboratory studies were conducted to determine leaching characteristics of waste-to-energy (WTE) residues in sea water to provide initial evaluation on the potential impact of WTE residues on the marine environment. Both loose and stabilized WTE residues were investigated for the leachability of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in sea water. Results of the study showed that loose WTE fly ash was very reactive in sea water; release of Pb and Cd occurred immediately (<0.5 hr) after the ash came in contact with sea water. Stabilization (treated with Portland cement and other additives), however, significantly reduced leaching of Cd and Pb. While ocean disposal of untreated WTE residues would not be advisable, utilization of stabilized WTE residues for beneficial uses should be investigated.


Phenyl urea derivatives have been prepared and investigated as photostabilizers for rigid PVC by measuring the extent of weight loss (%), the amount of gel formation as well as the intrinsic viscosity of the soluble fractions of the degraded polymer. Moreover, the efficiency of these stabilizers was evaluated from the extent of discoloration of the degraded polymer in their presence. The results indicated a reasonable stabilizing effect of these derivatives when compared with the commercially used UV stabilizers: phenyl salicylate (Salol) and methanone, 2-hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)-phenyl-benzophenone. A synergistic effect is achieved when the phenyl urea derivatives are mixed with the UV absorbers in the ratio (75 : 25%), respectively. A radical mechanism is proposed to account for the stabilizing action of the products investigated. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 2217–2226, 2007


The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), as the typical application of the fifth generation mobile communication (5G) has its complex and special electromagnetic propagation characteristics in harsh industrial environments. The metal obstacles such as machines and mechanical arms in industrial scenarios will have an impact on the path loss of radio waves. The large metal equipment can generate strong mirror reflection and scattering waves which produce additional strong multipath components. Furthermore, the propagation channel will become change with the time due to the mobility of the automated guided vehicle, working people, etc. in industrial space. In this paper, based on the measurement data obtained in a typical industrial factory, the propagation channel is characterized. The path loss exponent and channel envelope in line of sight (LoS) scenarios and a special case that the sensor is in metallic box are respectively investigated. Additionally, the level passing rate (LCR) and the spatial correlation characteristics of time varying channels caused by the moving transport vehicle are investigated at different frequency bands. These results provide the basis for the practical deployment of wireless networks for the IIoT systems.


This work is devoted to studying of features of lipid peroxidation in various tissues in the conditions of an experimental thermal burn. Parameters of the pro- and antioxidant status were investigated in rats liver, lungs, heart and kidneys. The specifi city of reactions to a burn trauma in the form of different degree of expressiveness of lipid peroxidation changes process and changes of antioxidant activity in various organs is established. In the most affected traumatic stress were the lungs, which manifested itself in the development of oxidative stress. There was observed the compensatory activation of antioxidant protection in the liver of burned animals, not allowing to develop oxidative stress. The tendency to hypometabolism was observed in the heart. It is revealed, that the kidneys are more resistant to the processes of lipid peroxidation due to the growth of antioxidant activity.


Abstract Realized genetic gain trials for coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) at five different sites with four different spacings were assessed at age 12 to compare early gain predictions in growth from small plot progeny test designs to those obtained from large block designs. Seedlings from three genetic levels, i.e., local wild-stand controls (WS), a mid-gain seedlot (MG), and a top-cross seedlot (TC) were planted in 12 × 12 tree plots with two replications at spacings of 1.6 m, 2.3 m, 2.9 m and 4.0 m. Two replications of a "single-tree plot" design at 2.9 m spacing for the three genetic levels (30 trees per genetic level) were also established, to allow for more detailed comparisons between single-tree and multiple-tree plot means. Although these trials are still relatively young, trees in the closest spacing had the highest levels of mortality with the TC trees having the highest rate of survival. Height gains in the block trials ranged from 10.4% to 16.1% for MG and TC trees, respectively, and were relatively close to the predicted values; however, volume (individual tree and volume/ha) gains exceeded expectations. Effects of genetic entry on height at age 12 were highly significant, while spacing, genetic entry by spacing, and genetic entry by test site interactions were not significant. We also compared height growth over the first 12 years to growth estimated from the "Bruce height growth model" for Douglas-fir and found that on four of the five test sites our MG and TC seedlings follow the expected height growth trajectories.


Let me declare myself! I had already made some judgments about Effective Evaluation prior to accepting this commission. It is the textbook for my course on alternatives to quantitative evaluation. Even though the book has been published for about a year, I have, in fact, used some version of it for two years. I prevailed upon the authors to send me a copy of the next-to-final version for use during the winter of 1981. So I've used their material twice, and I am doubly indebted to them for graciously sharing their not-yet-final ideas, and for their financial generosity, as I still have not reimbursed them for


The thermogravimetric characteristics of Shenmu coal and its macerals were systematically investigated using TG-151 thermobalance, and the evolved pyrolysis gases were on-line analyzed using mass spectroscopy. The TG results show that vitrinite has higher volatile matter yield, maximum weight loss rate and lower initial decomposition temperature and peak temperature than that of interinite. The results from MS show that the yields of C1-C4 light hydrocarbon and C6-C8 aromatic hydrocarbon are in the order of vitrinite, raw coal and innertinite from high to low. The higher water formation from vitrinite is consistent with the fact that vitrinite has higher phenolic-OH content than that of inertintie. The difference in evolution of CO2 from both vitrinte and inertinife reflects the difference in content of oxye-containing groups. And the strength and distribution of evolution of each pyrolysis gas reflects the difference in pyrolysis reactivity of vitrintie and inertinite due to the discrepancy in their compositions and structures.


T•E gonadal responses of several species of birds exposed to stimulatory daily photoperiods of constant duration conform in that an initial rectilinear relationship exists between the logarithm of testicular weight and time on long days. They conform further in that the rate of photoinduced testicular growth, as determined from the rectilinear relationship, is a function of daylength. These and other observations support the thesis that increased aylength plays an indispensable role in initiating vernal testicular growth and determining its rate in many species. The current consensus i , however, that long days are gonadostimulatory not because they exceed a critical length, but because they illunfinate a photoinducible phase of a circadian oscillation in photosensitivity. (For reviews see Farner, 1959, 1961, 1964a, 1964b, 1970; Hamner, 1966; Lofts et al., 1970.) Quantification of photoperiodic gonadal responses has been limited essentially to males. To our knowledge, only four definitive studies-one on White-crowned Sparrows (Farner et al., 1966) and three on Japanese Quail (Follett and Farner, 1966; Sayler and Wolfson, 1967; Follett and Sharp, 1969)--describe the temporal course and/or rate of ovarian growth induced by constant daylengths, and only one suggests that rate of ovarian growth varies with daylength (Follett and Sharp, 1969). Moreover, although a circadian oscillation in photosensitivity apparently is involved in the control of ovarian growth in Japanese Quail (Follett and Sharp, 1969), there is no evidence for or against involvement of a similar oscillation in the control of photoperiodic ovarian growth in species that breed seasonally. In this report, we describe the temporal course and rate of ovarian growth in Tree Sparrows (Spizella arborea) exposed to daylengths of 8, 11, 15, or 20 hours and examine rate of photoinduced ovarian growth as a function of daylength. In addition, we report results of a preliminary experiment that suggest a circadian oscillation operates in the photoperiodic ovarian response of the Tree Sparrow. The pineal body is exanfined as the possible seat of the circadian oscillator.


Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum cv. Alamo) standing hay was cut and offered to 16 rams. The rams were randomly allocated to one of the following levels of feeding: 0·5; 1·0; 1·5 and 2·0 ✕ maintenance. The forage was offered twice a day to the animals; no supplements were given. The animals were individually penned and fitted with faeces collection bags. After 8 days for adaptation, in vivo dry matter apparent digestibility (DMD) and proportion of blades and stem + sheath of the consumed forage were measured for 8 days. DMD varied from 0·310 (0·5) to 0·391 (2·0) and the proportion of the blade fraction in the diet from 0·44 (0·5) to 0·78 (2·0). The short-term intake rate (STIR) of rams was measured for 5 days. The animals were divided randomly into four blocks, with one ram of each treatment in each block. After 4 h without food and 15 min intervals between blocks, the amount of forage consumed during 4 min of active eating was measured. The amounts consumed were (in g DM per min per 50 kg live weight): 0·5: 8·2; 1·0: 7·8; 1·5: 5·3 and 2·0: 5·3 (0·5 = 1·0 > 1·5 = 2·0; P


The main development in the Portland meeting is the clear definition of the Release 1.0 WATM capability set [1]. The baseline text of the specifications prior to the Portland meeting was rather comprehensive indicating several scenarios for WATM access and deployment, including ad-hoc networking. The capability set for Release 1.0 is an edited version of the original baseline, with a limited number of reference configurations. Furthermore, the Release 1.0 features for handover and location management reflect a more realistic view of what can be achieved in the short term by the working group. Specifically, the handover requirements do not call for lossless delivery of cells during handover [2] and the location management architecture is restricted to a simple, two-level configuration of location servers [3].


Let X be a Banach space, A : D ( A ) ⊂ X → X the generator of a compact C 0 -semigroup S ( t ) : X → X , t ≥ 0 , D ( · ) : ( a , b ) → 2 X a tube in X, and f : ( a , b ) × B → X a function of Caratheodory type. The main result of this paper is that a necessary and sufficient condition in order that D ( · ) be viable of the semilinear differential equation with infinite delay u ′ ( t ) = A u ( t ) + f ( t , u t ) , t ∈ [ t 0 , t 0 + T ] , u t 0 = ϕ ∈ B is the tangency condition lim inf h ↓ 0 h − 1 d ( S ( h ) v ( 0 ) + h f ( t , v ) ; D ( t + h ) ) = 0 for almost every t ∈ ( a , b ) and every v ∈ B with v ( 0 ) ∈ D ( t ) .


In the present experiment, participants performed a reaction time task that was modelled after the affective priming procedure and was designed to track (changes in) the evaluative meaning of the conditioned stimuli (CSs) in a differential fear acquisition and subsequent extinction procedure indirectly and online. We asked participants to classify a visual probe that could appear during the reinforced CS and the unreinforced CS. The visual probe consisted of five positive or five negative smiley faces. Results indicated that the online task succeeded in tracing (shifts in) valence; superior performance was observed when CS and probe were congruent in affective meaning as compared to when they were incongruent. This congruency effect was not only observed at the end of the acquisition phase but also at the beginning and end of the extinction phase, which suggests that the acquired valence of the CSs survived extinction.


Quentin Tarantino's eighth film entitled "The Hateful Eight" creates some arguments about misogyny among movie critics. Throughout the film, the male characters are shown to physically and verbally abuse the only female antagonist named Daisy Domergue. In contrast, the other male antagonists receive less abusive treatment than Daisy. It is implied that misogyny can be addressed to any kinds of women including evil women and when it involves an evil woman, physical or verbal abuse are explicitly made to be looked like a legal thing because the evil woman deserves the treatments. This study aims to reveal misogyny in the excuse of gender equality by looking into the scenes where the male characters treat Daisy Domergue and how she is represented in the film. The main data, which is used for this study, is taken from the film's scene screenshots. The screenshots are then analyzed based on the narrative and non –narrative aspects. This kind of method is commonly used to analyze a film. The problem in conducting this research is finding the theoretical framework and references. However, the result shows that misogyny lies behind gender equality excuse in this Tarantino's latest film. This study is expected to be a reference for further research about misogyny in films.


The paper presents ultrasonic tests of cement floors that were carried out in order to show how big the heterogeneity of the compressive strength distribution along their thickness can be. The tested specimens were taken from floors that had a significantly large surface area, were made of good quality mortar produced on an industrial scale and were of various thicknesses. Special exponential heads with point contact with the specimen's surface were used for the tests. The correlative dependency between the velocity of the longitudinal ultrasonic wave and the compressive strength of mortars embedded in the tested floors was established. It was shown that the heterogeneity of the distribution of this strength along the thickness of the floors is significantly large. In the top zone, which is subjected to direct operational impacts, the compressive strength is definitely lower than that in the bottom and middle zones. The paper points out that this problem should not be underestimated with regards to floor durability. Suggestions for possible remedial actions were also provided.


Federal Administrative Procedure Sourcebook, Third Edition provides access to and explanations of many of the laws broadly applicable to federal agency officials. It contains all the significant statutes, Executive Orders, memoranda, and other materials relating to the major aspects of administrative law and regulatory practice. In addition to the primary sources, this volume includes pertinent legislative history, numerous citations to related sources, and the editors' insightful commentary on each of the source documents.


MCL is a rare, aggressive type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). It comprises 5-10% of newly diagnosed cases of NHL with approximately 500 new cases diagnosed each year in the UK. The peak age of diagnosis is 65 or over and approximately 75% of patients present with advanced-stage disease. Although MCL often responds to initial treatment, most patients will relapse after a short remission period. The median overall survival time for MCL is shorter than that seen in other lymphomas, at approximately 3-5 years. Approximately 30% of patients have complete response to current treatments.


[1] Recent THEMIS spacecraft observations have shown longitudinally narrow, earthward moving, plasma sheet flow channels with large, abrupt magnetic field dipolarizations that have been referred to as dipolarization fronts. We undertake a detailed study of the subset of these events that had good quality auroral imaging. We find that many occurred during the substorm expansion phase after onset (determined by auroral intensification) and were related to auroral streamers. Both the fronts' relation to streamers and their plasma sheet changes are similar to what has been previously shown for other plasma sheet flow channels and to other flow channels seen during the expansion phases of the events considered here. Surprisingly, the dipolarization fronts examined made major contributions to substorm onset ground and space magnetic signatures. These include substorm near-Earth dipolarization, which indicates that the current wedge may develop via a series of well-defined, narrow, post-onset wedge-like structures. These also include the auroral zone ground magnetic field, which showed only modest responses to the onsets but abrupt, large responses to post-onset dipolarization-front-related streamers, and midlatitude positive bays, which started near the time of streamer formation. Our observations suggest that traditional magnetic signatures of substorm onset, such as near-Earth dipolarization, auroral-zone negative bays, and midlatitude positive bays, may misidentify the expansion phase onset determined by auroral intensification by up to 10s of minutes for some events. It should be interesting in the future to determine the generality of the above relations between dipolarization front signatures and onset signatures.


Abstract : Major accomplishments this year include successful seeding of AFS into ANA. This accomplishment also documented that these cells remained viable up to 72 hours after seeding. The seeded constructs were used to repair critical-sized, large gap nerve injury in rats and their functional recovery was monitored longitudinally using digital video gait analysis as well as electrophysiologic and histologic outcomes. The data analysis is not complete, but preliminary data indicate that this AFS seeded ANA used for nerve repair results in an improved functional outcome for the rats compared to a nerve autograft, the current gold standard for tension-free repair of transected peripheral nerves. The coming year will utilize these techniques for repairing large-gap (6 cm) nerve injuries in non-human primates. These represent a more translational model of peripheral nerve injury and repair.


DOI: 10.21276/sjams.2017.5.12.17 Abstract: Hernia repair is one of the first operations, which a surgeon will learn in his academic life. Open mesh repair for inguinal hernia is a safe method of operation. Newer laparoscopic mesh repairs are on the rise, but they need expertise. Complications which can be encountered post-surgery are pain, bleeding, urinary retention, scrotal swelling, abdominal distension, seroma and wound infections, chronic pain, keloid formation and testicular atrophy.


In chronic lymphocytic leukemia, a better understanding of leukemic cell characteristics after treatment would help to design specific therapeutic approaches aimed at preventing clinical relapse. Gene arrays have become a powerful approach to perform gene expression profiling; nevertheless, to work with residual cells entails an intensive labor. The aim of this study was to set forth an effective gene expression approach to analyze residual leukemic cells.


Mature microRNA (miRNA) originated from primary miRNA (pri-miRNA) is a new group of potential regulator for cell differentiation, apoptosis, proliferation and oncogenesis. Some miRNAs were recently identified in hematopoietic cells, while the roles of miRNAs in erythrocytic and megakaryocytic cells had not been well examined. As a first step to explore for miRNAs specific for hematopoietic lineage, the expressions of several known primary microRNAs in erythrocytic and megakaryocytic cell lines, such as TF-1, HL-60, HEK293 and UT-7 leukemia cells, were examined by RT-PCR. We consequently focused on the pri-miR-10a, a primary transcript of miR-10a located within Hox gene clusters, and found the significant expression in TF-1 cells and UT-7/EPO cells. The UT-7/EPO cells were a subline established from the original UT-7 cells, as well as UT-7/GM and UT-7/TPO cells; therefore it was suitable for the further comparative analysis. Interestingly, in UT-7/EPO cells, the expression of pri-miR-10a increased under stimulation of erythropoietin (EPO; 1U/mL and 10U/mL). Based on these observations, it was postulated that pri-miR-10a might involve in modulating erythrocyte differentiation or proliferation. To clarify the role of pri-miR-10a in UT-7/EPO, we have established clonal cell lines by transfecting UT-7/EPO cells with either the control vector or the pri-miR-10a expression vector pCMV-pri-miR10a. Overexpression of pri-miR-10a in the UT-7/EPO cell line (miR10a-UT-7/EPO) was confirmed by RT-PCR. MiR10a-UT-7/EPO showed higher proliferation rate even at low concentration of EPO (0.1 mU/mL). Overexpression of pri-miR-10a did not appear to affect HOXB4 and HOXA1 expression, as similar mRNA levels were seen in both cell lines. It was notable that the cellular size of miR10a-UT-7/EPO became larger than its parental cells. Morphological studies of miR10a-UT-7/EPO were performed in detail. It is possible that miR-10a was capable to modulate morphological features particularly in cellular size relating to cell cycle regulation. For instance, loss of the E2F family members result in marked macrocytic anemia with megaloblastic features in adult mice (Mol Cell. 2000 Aug;6(2):281–91., Mol Cell Biol. 2003 May;23(10):3607–22., Blood. 2006 Aug 1;108(3):886–95.). Data presented here hypothesized that the roles of miR-10a in erythroid cells are tightly associated with cell cycle.


This study aims to differential diagnosis of some diseases using classification methods to support effective medical treatment. For this purpose, different classification methods based on data, experts' knowledge and both are considered in some cases. Besides, feature reduction and some clustering methods are used to improve their performance.,First, the performances of classification methods are evaluated for differential diagnosis of different diseases. Then, experts' knowledge is utilized to modify the Bayesian networks' structures. Analyses of the results show that using experts' knowledge is more effective than other algorithms for increasing the accuracy of Bayesian network classification. A total of ten different diseases are used for testing, taken from the Machine Learning Repository datasets of the University of California at Irvine (UCI).,The proposed method improves both the computation time and accuracy of the classification methods used in this paper. Bayesian networks based on experts' knowledge achieve a maximum average accuracy of 87 percent, with a minimum standard deviation average of 0.04 over the sample datasets among all classification methods.,The proposed methodology can be applied to perform disease differential diagnosis analysis.,This study presents the usefulness of experts' knowledge in the diagnosis while proposing an adopted improvement method for classifications. Besides, the Bayesian network based on experts' knowledge is useful for different diseases neglected by previous papers.


CANADAOTTAWA, CANADA-- Since 1997, researchers have been testing the idea that the apparent similarity between the Haughton crater, a 20-kilometer-wide chunk of barren land in what is now Nunavut Territory in northwestern Canada, and the martian surface might be scientifically important. But 2 years ago the local Inuit people denied the researchers access to 70% of the crater, citing a 1993 land claim agreement with the federal government. Researchers are hoping to be able to come to an agreement with local officials at a meeting in November.


A two-dimensional wind field analysis was carried out on observations taken from an anemometer network situated in the Kwinana area of Western Australia. This analysis illustrates the turning of the wind as a function of surface roughness, and highlights periods of air pollution potential.

The third dimension of the atmosphere was investigated through the development of a tethered sonde featuring a commercially available 6 channel transmitter/receiver. This development is described in detail and observations taken under stable conditions reveal the presence of a local easterly flow within 150m of the surface.

These results are combined with an analysis of airborne dispersion of pollutant to produce an air quality model for the Kwinana area. This model illustrates the dispersion of pollutant across Cockburn Sound.


Objective.To compare vital sign and urine output monitoring of seriously burned patients with invasive monitoring during early resuscitation. Design.Retrospective review. Setting.A university hospital burn unit. Patients.Fourteen seriously burned patients who had pulmonary arterial monitoring. Monitoring data were compared at baseline and after fluid challenges. Results.There was no correlation between invasively derived physiologic variables and vital signs and urine output. Vital signs and urine output changed little after fluid challenge, while variables from invasive monitoring demonstrated significant change. In half of the patients, oxygen consumption increased after fluid challenge; vital signs and urine output did not distinguish these patients. Conclusions.The use of urinary output and vital signs to guide initial burn resuscitation may lead to suboptimal resuscitation. Invasive cardiorespiratory monitoring may be necessary to optimize resuscitation of seriously burned patients. (Crit Care Med 1991; 19:327)


Estimating the 3D motion of points in a scene, known as scene flow, is a core problem in computer vision. Traditional learning-based methods designed to learn end-to-end 3D flow often suffer from poor generalization. Here we present a recurrent architecture that learns a single step of an unrolled iterative alignment procedure for refining scene flow predictions. Inspired by classical algorithms, we demonstrate iterative convergence toward the solution using strong regularization. The proposed method can handle sizeable temporal deformations and suggests a slimmer architecture than competitive all-to-all correlation approaches. Trained on FlyingThings3D synthetic data only, our network successfully generalizes to real scans, outperforming all existing methods by a large margin on the KITTI self-supervised benchmark.1


A corrosion-resistant household mailbox comprises a main panel; a box body used for storing letters and newspapers is connected to the rear of the main panel; a newspaper box panel is arranged at the front end of the box body; the newspaper box panel is installed on the main panel and provided with a newspaper box lock; a delivery port is formed in the upper portion of the newspaper box panel and is a long-strip-shaped delivery port; a delivery port panel is installed on the delivery port which is covered with the delivery port panel; the two ends of the delivery port panel are connected to the main panel through pin shafts so that the delivery port panel can be lifted up and delivery can be convenient, and meanwhile the rainproof and dustproof effects are achieved; the main panel, the newspaper box panel and the delivery port panel are all coated with corrosion-resistant coating through an electrostatic spraying technology. The corrosion-resistant household mailbox is simple in structure, novel in design, attractive and elegant in appearance, the mailbox has excellent chemical resistance and weather resistance and high decorative performance by means of the electrostatic spraying technology and improvement of a coating formula.


Chlorate (ClO3–) is a common water pollutant due to its gigantic scale of production, wide applications in agriculture and industry, and formation as a toxic byproduct in various water treatment processes. This work reports on the facile preparation, mechanistic elucidation, and kinetic evaluation of a bimetallic catalyst for highly active ClO3– reduction into Cl–. Under 1 atm H2 and 20 °C, PdII and RuIII were sequentially adsorbed and reduced on a powdered activated carbon support, affording Ru0–Pd0/C from scratch within only 20 min. The Pd0 particles significantly accelerated the reductive immobilization of RuIII as >55% dispersed Ru0 outside Pd0. At pH 7, Ru–Pd/C shows a substantially higher activity of ClO3– reduction (initial turnover frequency >13.9 min–1 on Ru0; rate constant at 4050 L h–1 gmetal–1) than reported catalysts (e.g., Rh/C, Ir/C, Mo–Pd/C) and the monometallic Ru/C. In particular, Ru–Pd/C accomplished the reduction of concentrated 100 mM ClO3– (turnover number > 11,970), whereas Ru/C was quickly deactivated. In the bimetallic synergy, Ru0 rapidly reduces ClO3– while Pd0 scavenges the Ru-passivating ClO2– and restores Ru0. This work demonstrates a simple and effective design for heterogeneous catalysts tailored for emerging water treatment needs.


In this work, the ISPHP method proposed by Akbari and Namin in 2013 has been modified by implementing the Taylor expansion of a classical smoothing function. The modified ISPHP method with the Taylor expansion of the smoothing function, the optimization of the solving of Poisson's equation and the wave maker, has been used to simulate the damping of a waves train on an inclined porous structure. The comparison between the numerical results obtained with the modified ISPHP method and the experimental data obtained by Carrasco et al. in 2020 has shown on the one hand that the modified ISPHP method could be used to study the damping of a waves train on an inclined porous structure and on the other hand that the dimensionless number χ could be used to characterize the energy transformations of the interaction of a waves train and an inclined porous structure.


The structural damage produced by dry grinding and acid leaching of chrysotile was studied by transmission and scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. Severe dry grinding converted the chrysotile fibers into fragments having strong potential basic reaction sites. These sites were immediately neutralized by molecules present in the atmosphere (e.g., H2O, CO2). Acid leaching transformed the chrysotile fibers into very porous, non-crystalline silica, which was easily fractured into short fragments. The damage produced in the chrysotile structure by grinding or leaching was assessed by monitoring the intensity of various infrared absorption bands.


A full-textile cavity-backed slot antenna has been developed as a wearable antenna for impulse radio ultrawideband localization purposes. The antenna has been designed for operation in the [3.744 – 4.7424] GHz band, spanning channels 2 and 3 of the IEEE802.15.4a standard. The dedicated fabrication methodology from [1, 2] has been applied to realize the antenna in a reliable and accurate way. Its light weight, mechanical flexibility and compact dimensions (35 x 56 x 4 mm), together with its stable figures of merit in on-body measurements make this antenna a suitable candidate for integration in clothing in a wide range of applications. Examples comprise the provision of communication, monitoring and/or localization infrastructure for uniformed personnel such as first aid responders, the military, operators in hazardous environments or medical and paramedical personnel and their patients.


The (33)S hyperfine structure has been observed and analyzed in the electron spin resonance of gamma-irradiated single crystals of cystine dihydrochloride at 77 degrees K and at room temperature. The radicals observed at room temperature and previously assigned as RCH(2)S are proved to be disulfide radicals, RCH(2)SS. However, the RCH(2)S radical is identified by the (33)S measurements in samples irradiated at 77 degrees K, annealed at 200 degrees K, and observed at 77 degrees K. This monosulfide radical appears to undergo reactions to form disulfide radicals at room temperature.


Online businesses are no stranger to the community where online businesses are increasingly in demand by the public because of the various supporting factors in which the public does not need to plunge into places to buy the desired items simply through online media but the lively online media in the community cannot be separated from various frauds. Other business people are still many who are reluctant to switch to online business that is inseparable from various factors or reasons they still stick with the old business method. It is very easy to play online recently in various circles of students and even housewives, can be used as additional capital. To find out what factors are the main reason people still hesitate to do business with online methods realized by the application of a decision support system determines the doubts of the online business community with the ELECTRE II method. It is hoped that research can find factors that cause public doubt in online business, so that later the output of this system can be a good evaluation material for the community in doing business. ELECTRE II method can be applied in the case of determining the failure factor of students in the main subject of community doubt in online business by considering several alternatives and criteria. Which alternatives are Cost Expenses (A1), Faced Risks (A2), and Difficult / Doubt to start the business to be run (A3). Data taken from the questionnaire respondents to STIKOM Tunas Bangsa Pematangsiantar students. From the results of this study, it was concluded that (A1) Cost Expenses with a value of 1.0238. For further research, criteria and alternatives can be added, so that the data entered is more varied. In addition, the ELECTRE II method can be compared with other methods. Research as a recommendation for business people who want to enter the world of online business.


Max Weber's description of how status groups monopolise goods and opportunities is now widely used by sociological theory to understand the economic and political relationships between groups. However, it is rarely recognised that a problem of collective action must be solved if a status group is to operate in this way, that it is individually irrational for members of the group to support its monopolistic activities even if they profit from them. Once the collective action problem is recognised, it is immediately apparent that Weber's own account of the definitive features of a status group identifies precisely the means by which the problem is solved. Weber on the operation of status groups and Weber on their nature may then be fused into a single coherent and comprehensive account, an account of profound and far-reaching theoretical interest.


The design and operation of an ion source that uses fullerene molecular solid as a feedstock of pure carbon is described. Fullerenes were vacuum sublimed and directed into a discharge plasma, which resulted in dissociation of the fullerenes into molecular carbon fragments. Molecular carbon ions extracted from the discharge impinged energetically upon a substrate and condensed into a thin film of hard, amorphous carbon at growth rates of approximately 1 μm/h. For fixed ion energies of 300 eV, substrate temperature was an important process parameter, affording a means for tuning the physical properties of the films. For deposition temperatures ranging from 250 to 575 K, room‐temperature dc resistivity ranged from 105 to 10−2 Ω cm. The more resistive films, deposited at lower temperatures, were infrared transparent and showed no evidence of discrete absorption due to either C‐H stretching modes or fullerenes. Broad band tails were observed in the resistive films, with optical gaps of 1.1 eV. The optical gaps...


Scale [1:365,000]. 1 coloured map ; 69 x 87 cm, folded to 19 x 12 cm. Printed on paper backed with linen.


The importance of sci-tech articles translation between English and Chinese looms large with the development of ever-changing technology and the economic globalization.This article makes brief statements on the characteristics of the sci-tech articles,the differences in Chinese and English context and translation strategies,and also puts forward some useful suggestions.


Through an anonymous survey we analyzed Western Michigan University (WMU) STEM instructors' experience with and understanding of teaching and interacting with Deaf and Hard of Hearing (HoH) students. The goal of this study was to capture the experiences of WMU STEM instructors and the resources available to them given their direct impact on Deaf/HoH students' ability to succeed and receive a post-secondary education. The findings of this study support the claim that instructors are not well supported or aware of the needs of Deaf/HoH students, and do not have access to adequate resources to resolve the issue. The first steps in order to invoke change are assessment of the situation, creating awareness, and educating others. Through deconstructing misconceptions of Deaf/HoH people, acknowledging the lack of representation of Deaf/HoH in STEM, and aiming to educate postsecondary instructors of their essential role in Deaf/HoH lives, we proposed Deaf/HoH students would be better supported and affirmed when the instructors are aware of their needs. Instructors who are educated on how to best support Deaf/HoH in academia positively impact Deaf/HoH people and their pursuit of post-secondary degrees. The long-term goals of this work are to build a confident community of educated advocates here at Western Michigan University (WMU) who are aware of the needs of Deaf/HoH students and are willing to educate others.


The e.s.r. spectra of radicals formed by the oxidation of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives are reported and ambiguities in the assignments of coupling constants are resolved by means of graphical methods and also by using a tested theory. The time-averaged dihedral angle between the double bond and the ring seems to be of the order of 30°, and this is increased to ca. 60° by a methyl substituent on the β-carbon atom.


The aim of the work was the development of a new kind of meat products for functional purposes from poultry meat with a partial replacement of meat raw materials with a vegetable component – Bulgarian pepper. Studies of prototypes on organoleptic, physicochemical, and microbiological indicators were carried out. The results of microbiological studies show that the presented prototypes meet the requirements and norms established by regulatory documents, confirm the receipt of a product of increased microbiological stability. Evaluation of food and energy value of smoked-baked galantine with Bulgarian pepper indicates the creation of a low-calorie meat product for dietary purposes. As a result of economic calculations, it was concluded that as the amount of meat that is being replaced is increased, Bulgarian pepper increases the profitability level of production from 14.9% in the control sample to 20.7% in experimental sample No. 3, replacing meat raw materials by 15.0% Bulgarian pepper. In the production of 50 kg per shift, the possible additional profit per year will be more than 700 thousand rubles. The consumer properties of the prototypes, especially sample No. 3 (with 15.0% pepper) favorably differ from the control sample. Based on the evaluation of organoleptic parameters, preference is given to sample No. 3. The results of microbiological studies confirmed the guaranteed safety of all samples throughout the storage period. As the amount of meat that is being exchanged for Bulgarian peppers increases, the energy value of 100 g of smoked-baked galantine with 346.0 kcal (control sample) to 245.0 kcal (sample No. 3) is significantly reduced or reduced by 29.2%.


While the first part of these statements is agreeable (that every individual should have unencumbered access to quality emergency care provided by a medical expert in emergency medicine) this does not necessarily mean by a specialist of an independent specialty. The statement, namely, that this 'is best conducted by a specialist in emergency medicine' seems to implicate the existence of an independent specialty of emergency medicine. There are, however, other alternatives.


Aided by computerized voltage topographic display, conventional time-series EEG display methods were expanded. Representations of both negative and positive ends of an equivalent current dipole can be localized in EEG sampled over the head surface. Intuitive EEG analysis can be applied to source localization in three dimensions of scalp focal epileptiform discharges.


The objective was to estimate environmental effects and genetic parameters on growth traits in a flock of farmed red deer of the central Mexican highland. Animals were raised on an intensive rotational grazing system of grass-legume mixed temperate pastures. Evaluated traits were birth (BW), weaning adjusted to 100 d (WW) and yearling (YW) weights. Analyses were performed using the MTDFREML program.


In this review, we explored the progress of the pathogenesis of Kümmell's disease intravertebral vacuum. Using different expressions of the same disease including 'Kümmell's disease', 'avascular necrosis after vertebral compression fracture (VCF)', 'post-traumatic vertebral osteonecrosis', 'vertebral pseudarthrosis', 'intravertebral vacuum (cleft or gas)', 'delayed vertebral collapse', 'VCF nonunion', and by conducting a search of the PubMed database, we analyzed the results to examine the pathogenesis of the intravertebral vacuum of Kümmell's disease after referring to pertinent literature on intravertebral vacuum of ischemic necrosis after VCF, and exploring the progress of pathogenesis of this disease. A number of discrepancies were identified within the pathogenesis of the intravertebral vacuum after VCF. There were statements such as avascular necrosis of the vertebral body, bone biomechanics, gas forming and other types of claims, all of which obtained clinical and biomechanical supporting evidence. Collectively, most of the researchers believe that Kümmell vertebral fracture syndrome was the comprehensive effect of multiple factors including osteoporosis, avascular necrosis of the vertebral body, and biomechanical changes following fracture. However, there are a number of discrepancies to be resolved and future studies are therefore needed.


In citrus, fruit colouration is considered one of the criteria to assess the optimum harvest maturity. The present study the fruit colour variations, β-carotene and its relation to soluble Brix/acid ratio (B/A ratio) during development in four grapefruit varieties viz. Marsh Seedless, Flame, Rio Red and Redblush were investigated. Among different grapefruit varieties, the highest peel colour coordinate a* value and β-carotene content were recorded in cv. Flame at 270 days after full bloom (DAFS). The peel β-carotene concentration varied from 3.61 to 61.42 μg.g-1 during fruit development. L*coordinate showed a declining pattern in the pulp, while it increased in peel till 270 DAFS. Likewise, b* values also increased in both peel and pulp. Chroma (C*) and B/A ratio values of fruit increased with maturity, while the hue angle (h°) decreased. L*a*b*colour coordinates showed a strong correlation with B/A ratio compared to β-carotene content. At the final fruit harvest, the higher value for L* coordinate in peel and pulp was noted in 'Redblush' and 'Marsh Seedless'. In contrast, the highest b* coordinate was observed in the peel and pulp of the Marsh Seedless variety. Overall, a* coordinate was observed to be the most reliable colour parameter to determine the maturity index in the studied varieties of grapefruit.


Though modern co-operatives have long history in contributing to low income group workers, producers and consumers, they are overlooked by the mainstream economic literature. The rationality of these business organizations had been questioned especially during the deregulation of the economy. On the other hand, there has been renewed interest on the co-operative business model since the Global Financial Crisis (GFC). Desktop review approach is used to collect both quantitative and qualitative data from Australian dairy industry and analyze the rationality of the co-operative business model in the industry. Whilst global picture of dairy industry shows a strong involvement of co-operatives in the market, the Australian situation is different. The dairy co-operatives in Australia have lost its dominance in the market to just about 5% since the deregulation of the market in the 1990s. This confirms the rationality of co-operatives is misunderstood in the industry. However, experiences from Murray Goulburn co-operative indicates that co-operatives have the rationality to exist in the business. For instance Murray Goulburns's farmgate milk price has been 17.7% above the Victorian average milk prices between 2006 and 2012 which indicates that co-operatives can still have enough space in the dairy industry. This is on top of the dividend distribution made by the co-operative, supply of farm inputs to members at competitive price and supply of milk without quota. Keywords: Co-operatives, business model, rationality, Murray Goulburn, Australia


In order to improve the productivity of Ectoine,the strain which could resist to higher halostress of NaCl concentration and synthesize higher intracellular Ectoine concentration was adopted.The fermentation conditions and processes of Ectoine were assessed.The impacts of carbon source and concentration of NaCl and yeast extract on the synthesizing Ectoine with Halomonas venusta DSM4743 were investigated.The batch fermentation processe of Ectoine was investigated under the optimum conditions and the Ectoine was produced by "bacterial milking".As the results showed,the amount of synthesized Ectoine could be enhanced when the medium adopted monosodium glutamate as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen,and at the same time in 1.5 mol/L NaCl and 0.5% yeast extract.Under optimal conditions,batch fermentations were performed in a 10-liter fermentor.The maximum Ectoine concentration and the Ectoine productivity were 3.2 g/L and 2.7 g/(L.d),respectively.Ectoine was produced by Halomonas venusta DSM4743 with "bacterial milking".The total concentration of synthe-sized and released Ectoine were 14.7 g/L and 14.3 g/L,respectively.The average release rate of Ectoine was 97% and the Ectoine productivity was 2.1 g/(L.d) after six cycles of osmotic shock.Moderately halophilic bacterial strain Halomonas venusta DSM4743 was tolerant to higher NaCl concentrations and had the higher threshold of intracellular Ectoine concentration.The higher Ectoine productivity was obtained with the optimization of fermentation conditions and "bacterial milking".


The article describes the history of the text of the book «Short course of history of the AUCP (b) (All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks)» as well as an overview of the sources on this topic.


Numerical simulations are described which show the formation of shell structures in elliptical/S0 galaxies. The shells are formed as density waves induced in a thick disc population of dynamically cold stars by a weak interaction with another galaxy. The elliptical galaxy is modelled as an oblate spheroidal mass distribution in which test particles are set up on short axis tube orbits with zero radial thickness. The initial particle distribution function is calculated so that the system is in equilibrium. The effect of the primary galaxy ellipticity and the mass of the secondary galaxy on the shell forming process are described.


Summary: Concanavalin A surface receptors were detected on brush border enterocytes from child intestinal biopsies by the concanavalin A-peroxidase method. On electron microscopy, these receptors appeared as electron-dense deposits, located on a band running along the innermost part of the brush border membrane glycocalyx. In the five control subjects tested, brush border length was 1.06 ± 0.18 μ, and band thickness, 19 ± 4 nm. Deposits were regular in shape and evenly spaced out along the entire membrane, reflecting homogeneous glycosylation of the normal brush border. In seven patients with villous atrophy induced by gluten, the brush border was damaged and its length was 1.04 ± 0.39 μ. The thickness of the electron-dense deposit band was 19 ± 6 nm; deposit shape was irregular and the band ran discontinuously along the membrane. The degree of this abnormality seemed to correspond to the degree of brush border damage. In six treated coeliac patients with normalized mucosa, the brush border was structurally normal but it was significantly longer (1.25 ± 0.32 μ) than in the controls (p < 0.01). The electron-dense band was significantly thinner (16 ± 7 nm) than in the controls (p < 0.01). The distribution of the electron-dense deposits was sporadic in some parts of the band and regular in others. These results suggest abnormal glycosylation of the brush border membrane in coeliac disease, and might be due to the presence of abnormal glycoconjugates. It remains to be established if these changes are induced by gluten toxicity or are the consequences of nonspecific intestinal disorders.Speculation: Glycoconjugates are the most important component of the brush border glycocalyx. During gluten-induced villous atrophy, the most mature enterocytes exhibit an abnormal glycocalyx. We therefore investigated coeliac and noncoeliac patients by the concanavalin A-peroxidase method in order to examine brush border enterocyte glycoconjugates by electron microscopy.


The excitement of the trip to San Diego for the Final Four turns sour when Bruins coach John Wooden announces that he will retire after the game against UK. Politics and sentiment prevail, and UK loses by seven points.


The article focuses on an agreement between the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation and the government of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. It discusses the museum foundation's plans to open a branch on Saadiyat Island and examined the details of the agreement. The need for cultural awareness in placing art in the museum is also addressed.


Results from spatial and temporal distribution analy sis of 5,157 black croaker ( Cheilotrema saturnum ) collected by gillnet from 1995‐2004 at stations from Newport to Santa Barbara, California, including Santa Catalina Island, indicated that peak catch per unit effort (CPUE) oc curred along the Palos Verdes Peninsula. Annual gillnet CPUE was greatest in 2000. The highest black croaker abundance was recorded in 1997 using standardized im pingement data from two Santa Monica Bay generating stations. Length-frequency analyses from both gill net and impingement sampling indicated that a large pro portion of black croaker were small in size immediately prior to and during the 1997‐98 El Nino Southern Oscillation, and then increased in size with time. Observed black croaker ages ranged up to 21 years old, with most fish less than 14 years old. Von Bertalanffy growth parameters were L∞ = 237.7, k = 0.31, t 0 = ‐1.778, and N = 779, with no significant differences be tween the sexes. Gonosomatic indices peaked in June, followed by August, suggesting late-spring to summer spawning. Mortality adjusted hindcasting indicated that peak recruitment occurred in 1997.


This paper introduces aspects related to the relation between Evaluation on the one side and Research methods and Statistics on the other side. Because of the interdisciplinary profile of program evaluation as a theoretical and practical field, sometimes the importance of using the appropriate research methods and the adequate statistical methods is regarded as having a secondary importance. Based on our own observations and on some other assessments, we are able to state that the use of research methods and of statistical methods should be at the core of program evaluation. CONCEPTS OF RESEARCH METHODS AND STATISTICS USED IN PROGRAM EVALUATION


Aim To observe the role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF) in proliferation of the human vascular endothelial cell line,EAhy926,cultured in vitro and the angiogenesis assay in vitro and vivo to prove that MIF could promote neovascularization. Methods Endothelial cell proliferation promoted by MIF was detected by MTT colorimetric assay.Angiogenesis in vitro was detected by ECMatrix gel,a numerical value was associated with a degree of angiogenesis progression.Angiogenesis in vivo was detected by the factorⅧ immunohistochemical staining,with injecting the matrigel plug in BALB/c Mice. Results MIF could promote the human endothelial cell proliferation,stimulate the tube formation of endothelial cells in vitro,and promote the b1ood vessels formation in matrigel plug in vivo. Conclusion Macrophage migration inhibitory factor plays a specific role in promoting neovascularization.


Method for preparing nano-zeolite ZSM-5 of high external surface by crystallization of silylated nuclei. A method of preparing nano-zeolite ZSM-5 of high external surface, by crystallization of silylated nuclei, comprising the steps of preparing a synthesis mixture with a precursor composition of zeolite ZSM-5, silylation, addition reaction with a silylating agent a ratio between 0.1 to 15% molar with respect to the total content of silicon and aluminum, 70-200 crystallized and separating the solid by centrifugation, filtration or solvent evaporation.


This work investigated the characteristics of a packed-bed plasma reactor system and the performances of the plasma reactors connected in series or in parallel for the decomposition of ethylene. Before the discharge ignition, the effective capacitance of the γ-alumina packed-bed plasma reactor was larger than that of the reactor without any packing, but after the ignition the effective capacitance was similar to each other, regardless of the packing. The energy of electrons created by plasma depends mainly on the electric field intensity, and was not significantly affected by the gas composition in the range of 0~20% (v/v) oxygen (nitrogen : 80~100% (v/v)). Among the various reactive species generated by plasma, ground-state atomic oxygen and ozone are understood to be primarily involved in oxidation reactions, and as the electric field intensity increases, the amount of ground-state atomic oxygen relatively decreases while that of nitrogen atom increases. Even though there are many parameters affecting the performance of the plasma reactor such as a voltage, discharge power, gas flow rate and residence time, all parameters can be integrated into a single parameter, namely, specific input energy (SIE). It was experimentally confirmed that the performances of the plasma reactors connected in series or in parallel could be treated as a function of SIE alone, which simplifies the scale-up design procedure. Besides, the ethylene decomposition results can be predicted by the calculation using the rate constant expressed as a function of SIE.


This year World Health Organization added vaccine hesitancy to the top ten Global Health Threats. Anti-vaccination movements propagating vaccine misinformation are major contributors to vaccine hesitancy. Monitoring online attitudes is essential for early detection of vaccine reluctance and its causes, in order to mitigate online spread of misinformation and its effect on population health. This research explores attitudes towards vaccines for the first time in a Russian-speaking setting across the most widely used Russian social network, Vkontakte.


Esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis (EIP) is a rare condition characterized by outpouchings from the esophageal lumen into the outer esophageal wall. It can lead to complications such as esophageal strictures presenting as dysphagia and esophagobronchial fistula (EBF) presenting as recurrent aspiration pneumonia. Only 1 other report of EIP with EBF has been reported in the literature. EIP itself is typically managed medically while a complication such as EBF, on the other hand, elicits far more invasive approaches in the form of open surgical intervention. We present the case of a 50 year-old male newly diagnosed with EIP complicated by EBF who was palliated with esophageal stenting. Upper endoscopy with esophageal stent placement offers a safe, feasible, and non-operative therapy for EIP and EBF.


h] and [P] perception in late French-German bilinguals What if it's just breathing? The perception of phonemes differs from that of other acoustic events such as noises or breathing. To what extent is perception affected if a non-native phoneme resembles such an extra-linguistic noise ? To examine this question, we studied the perception of [h] and [P] in German words in French learners of German using encephalography (EEG). Subjects' brain activity is recorded during a passive auditory oddball paradigm, known to elicit Mismatch Negativity (MMN). In total 40 participants were recruited : 20 from Germany and 20 from France. Results show that the [h]-[P] opposition does not elicit an MMN response in participants : neither in the native speakers nor in the learners' group. However, descriptively, we observe negativities. Modifying the MMN calculation could allow us to better exploit the EEG recordings for this opposition. MOTS-CLÉS : perception non-native, allemand L2, opposition [h]-[P], EEG, MMN, P3a, oddball auditif passif.


Objective To investigate the treatment and results of gastrointestinal fistula after D2 radical correction for gastric cancer,so as to improve the treatment effects of gastrointestinal fistula.Methods The clinical data was analyzed retrospectively in 20 patients with gastrointestinal fistula after D2 radical operation for gastric cancer from June 2004 to December 2011 in geriatrics surgery ward of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University,including 12 cases transferred from other hospitals.In these patients,there were 10 cases of gastroenteric stoma fistula,5 cases of curvatura gastrica minor fistula and 5 cases of gastro-oesophageal anastomotic fistula.Results 18 cases were reoperated with repair of fistula,completely peritoneal irrigation and drainage,gastrostomy,and early stage of nutrition therapy through stoma of jejunum.All of these 18 cases were cured after 7 to 52 days treatment.2 cases missed the reoperation opportunity and died of severe infective shock and MODS.Conclusion It suggestes that in order to get the best curative effect and decrease the mortality,positive and proper surgical treatment should be performed in cases of gastrointestinal fistula after D2 radical operation for gastric cancer.


In our department we prefer laparoscopic treatment ectopic pregnancy. In 1999 and 2000 years we were laparoscopically treated 70% ectopic pregnancy. For promtly and safely diagnosis we use clinical, ultrasound and beta choriongonadotropine hormon examination. In this period we treated 26 women with diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. In 96% patients ultrasound examination was made. Ultrasound examination showed in 88% women adnexal masses or free fluid in Douglas space. In most cases ectopic pregnancy was in right tube (69%). Ultrasound evaluation in correlation with beta choriongonadotropin hormone creates early and safely diagnosis ectopic pregnancy and provides laparoscopic approach. Laparoscopic approach in treatment ectopic pregnancy is method of choice.


Experimental data exhibited a weakened immunobiological resistance and restorative mechanism in 150 mice exposed to single doses of 750 r and to double exposures, to total doses of 750 r and 900 r. The weakened immunity to bacterial toxins was manifested by the reduced life span of mice infected with Bac. perfringens. (R.V.J.)


Many current scholars discussed "Xing Shi Yan" in comparison with "San Yan" and "Er Pai".They thought that "San-Yan" and "Er-Pai" are influenced by Wang Yangming's Neo-Confucianism,because they publicize the passion and affirm the individuality;but the content of "Xing Shi Yan" has been filled with very strong moral rigid theorizing,therefore it receives the Cheng Zhu's Neo-Confucianism.Actually,"Xing Shi Yan" receives not only the influence of Cheng Zhu's Neo-Confucianism,but heart's study influenced from Wang Yangming."Xing Shi Yan" has very strong moral rigid theorizing.However,it reflects the real common custom life under moral enlightenment coat.


Background: Anger attacks and alcohol use may mask depressive symptoms in men. Only the Gotland Male Depression Scale (GS) includes such items. Aims: To study the usefulness of the GS and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) in detecting depression among men in primary care. Methods: At a family doctor's drop-in clinic in Stockholm, Sweden, all men were invited into the study 2 days a week (opportunistic screening). On other days, the men who mentioned mental symptoms were invited (targeted screening). The men filled in BDI, GS and a social questionnaire. The doctor invited the men with BDI≥10 and /or GS≥13 to a repeat visit. The outcome was depression diagnosed according to DSM-IV and the severity was assessed with the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale. Results: 223 men were recruited, 190 by opportunistic and 33 by targeted screening. Seventeen per cent of the men reported an alcohol consumption that might put them at risk. In the opportunistic screening, 23% scored BDI≥10 and 14% scored GS≥13. The prevalence of depression in the opportunistic screening was 10.5%. The proportion of depressed men in the targeted screening was 60.6%. In total, 40 men were depressed, 63% had a mild and 35% moderate depression. The correlation between the scales was 0.80. The GS identified no additional cases. Conclusions: Clinical depression was quite common among those men who often had a high alcohol consumption, indicating an advantage for the GS when screening for depression among men. In primary care, a targeted screening procedure seems to be the most feasible method.


ABSTRACT In this work, the performance and mechanism of a Chinese traditional sucrose-modified rammed earth-lime were discussed in lab for its potential utilization in the restoration of rammed earth-lime architectural heritages. The results showed that the addition of sucrose would effectively improve compressive strength and wet-dry resistance of rammed earth-lime. The addition of sucrose would markedly increase the concentration of Ca2+ in pore solution and prolong the duration of high temperature, thereby making the microstructures of the rammed earth-lime much more compact and improve the formation of C-S-H gel. These may be the reasons for the better performance of sucrose-modified rammed earth-lime. In general, the optimal amount of added sucrose was about 1–3 % by weight of the total mortar.


An asymptotic technique is presented to solve the asymptotic part of the impedance matrix in the spectral domain for printed circuit structures on a uniaxial substrate by using roof-top subdomain expansions. The infinite double integral of the asymptotic part of the impedance matrix is reduced to a finite one-dimensional integral by performing the integral transform technique. The efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method are compared with those of the conventional method, and it is demonstrated that the proposed method reduce the computation and improve the accuracy for the anisotropic uniaxial case.


The construction boom of the past two decades, primarily funded by the private sector, has engendered fierce aesthetic conflicts due to intense competition for limited space in rapidly modernizing Beijing. Contemporary Chinese artists both protest the commercial exploitation of traditional cultural sites, and appropriate market devices for their ends. In this article I analyze aesthetic strategies employed in experimental art, film, and fiction, which grapple with the tensions inherent in globalization and urban culture in late twentieth‐century Beijing. Examples include installations protesting the forced relocation of the Central Academy of Fine Arts in 1994 to develop a 'City of Commerce' in its place, and renting the Imperial Ancestral Temple in the Forbidden City to exhibit domestic experimental art, as a foil to the orientalist productions promoted at this site. While much contemporary Beijing cultural production shares a realist, documentary drive to address urban, post‐industrial anxieties relative to dislocation, Chinese artists deconstruct the present with a conspicuous absence of nostalgia. The contemporaneity of the ruin is one of the most prevalent expressions of the 1990s urban aesthetic, where the past, as human sentiment, is nonexistent. Rather than anachronistically violating chronology, these works are examples of what Ackbar Abbas terms achronicities, where past and present disappear in each other. As an aesthetic strategy, disappearance is a form of hybridity that resists delimiting not only temporal, but also conceptual and normative frames of reference. By highlighting hybrid effects rather than merely conceptualizing the tensions inherent in the global city, an aesthetics of disappearance functions as a site of resistance while also working to reposition artists at the center of commercial culture.


The growing literature on the relationship between democracy and war has focused on two questions-Whether democracies are more pacific than other types of government, and why democracies do not seem to go to war against each other. In the spirit of Lakatosian cumulativeness - looking for explanations with excess empirical content - this commentary supports one explanation of the `why democracies do not fight democracies' question. The model supported is an expected utility formulation by Bueno de Mesquita & Lalman based on the logical relationships between states which are `doves' and `non-doves'. The same explanation for democracy-to-democracy peace provided by the Bueno de Mesquita-Lalman analytics, based on the ability to `separate' states into doves and non-doves, can be used to explain the linkages between integration and the Deutschian concept of `security community'.


When catalyzing and synthesizing n butyl lactate we often can't get ideal products if concentrated sulphuric acid is used as catalyst.This paper reports the research in which concentrated sulphuric acid is substituted by composite solid acid NH 4Fe(SO 4) 2/C.If lactic acid is 0.2 mol and n butyl lactate is 0.4 mol(the mol rate of acid and alchol is 1∶2),the catalyst being 3.0 g(which means 6% in total material),the reaction time being 2.5 h,the esterification rate can come up to 95.6%.And the composite solid acid still has high catalytic activity when used 5 times repeatedly.The conclusion is that composite solid acid NH 4Fe(SO 4) 2/C is a good catalyst in esterification.


The article presents the physico-chemical properties and analysis of biocomponents' composition (ethyl esters and ethanol) and properties of three-component fuel named Bioxdiesel. The influence of this fuel on utility properties of Diesel engines was evaluated. It has been shown that the fuels produced from plant and animal's waste fats, in terms of the efficiency of the engines may provide an alternative fuel for Diesel engines.


To introduce the technological flow of sawing and the constitution of software and hardware of sawing automatic control system for medium section steel in Laiwu Iron and Steel Co briefly, emphatically describe the optimized sawing technology and the sawing control function such as sawing head and tail control function, dividing control function, sampling control function as well as sawing speed and position control function etc. The system is very powerful and can meet the needs of production. The production efficiency and yield rate have been raised greatly since the optimized sawing was put into production especially.


I agree with Hoadley and Kettenring that statisticians have serious problems communicating with engineers and physical scientists. Their article does a good job of focusing the issue, defining its dimensions, and offering some ways to improve the process. The fact that this problem exists is no surprise, as "communication" is typically a critical issue whenever two or more persons or organizations are involved. We all own the problem. Improved communication must be worked on every day, by everyone, through our behavior, as well as our oral and written communications.


In the pharmaceutical industry, regulatory expectations driven by patient safety considerations make structure elucidation of impurities at levels greater than 0.1% in the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) of primary interest. Impurities can be generated from isomers in starting materials, or produced from different process steps toward the final API. Proton peaks belonging to different impurities could be potentially identified in the one‐dimensional 1H NMR spectrum, when evaluated in combination with two‐dimensional (2‐D) COSY and HSQC data. However, in 2‐D HMBC data, correlation responses from different impurities may overlap with those from the major component, causing uncertainty of long‐range proton to carbon correlations and quaternary carbon assignments. This observation prompts us to design the 2‐D selective‐TOCSY HMBC experiment to distinguish responses from different impurities in mixtures to obtain 2‐D NMR data for each impurity, thus eliminating the use of a chromatographic isolation step to obtain material for NMR analysis. This methodology is demonstrated for structure elucidation of impurities ranging from 8.2% in the raw material to 0.4% in the API in this study, and would be particularly useful for industrial samples in which the solubility and availability of material are not an issue. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


This paper introduces the common selected mating methods of differ en tial change gear in traditional gear processing and the designing method for the procedures and programs realized on the computers,expounds the high-efficienc y and quickness brought about by the successful use of C language, and provides the real design example and operation example.


This study describes how to regulate the frequency and terminal voltage of a freestanding wind energy conversion system using an Enhanced Phase Locked Loop (EPLL)-based strategy to supply power to varied loads regardless of wind speed. In a standalone wind turbine energy conversion system, the EPLL control scheme extracts the reference source currents (SWECS). The control algorithm employs two proportional-integral (PI) controllers to create the active and reactive power components of the consumers' load currents, estimate reference source currents, and connect the zigzag transformer to PCC with VSC for neutral current compensation. To obtain optimal PI controller gains and most-suited settings to apply to SWECS, optimization approaches are used. The control algorithm is the most significant aspect of the system, and the speed with which it calculates, evaluates, and guesstimates determines the generation of source currents based on the algorithm's ideal controller PI gains. By properly estimating source currents, the EPLL control method improves dynamics and power quality issues, and the optimization technique is employed to acquire the gains of PI controllers. The proposed system employs the EPLL algorithm on a three-phase, four-wire system with changing loads to achieve ideal total harmonic distortion of source currents and voltages on the PCC, as defined by IEEE-519 standards. A battery energy storage device coupled to the VSC dc link keeps the load's necessary power constant. If the generator output exceeds the consumer demand, the excess power is delivered to BESS for temporary storage. When consumer demand exceeds generated power, a BESS delivers deficit power to the load, which adjusts and the frequency under various load conditions. The suggested system simulated results were tested with 3-phase 4-wire for harmonics reduction, load balancing, neutral wire current compensation, frequency and voltage control using MATLAB / Simulink.


We continue the study of local zeta functions for Laurent polynomials started in [Le\'on-Cardenal E., Z\'u\~niga-Galindo W.A., Local zeta functions for non-degenerate Laurent polynomials over $p-$adic Fields. J. Math. Sci. Univ. Tokyo., 20 (2013), 1--27.]. We give an explicit formula for the local zeta function attached to a bivariate Laurent polynomial $f$ over a $p-$adic field, when $f$ is weakly non-degenerate with respect to a Newton polytope associated to $f$.


A simple and efficient method has been developed for stereoselective one-pot synthesis of (E)-3-(4-arylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-arylprop-2-en-1-ones by condensation of aryl ketones with arylpiperazines and N, N-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal in acetic acid with 54–69% yields. Compared with reported methods, this one-step procedure appears to be a useful approach to prepare (E)-β-enaminoketones with good stereoselectivity, simple operation and moderate yields.


Abstract Since the creation of the European Union's (EU) Biodiversity Strategy, increased attention has been drawn to the spread of invasive non-native species, their impact on biodiversity, and the economic losses caused. Ensuring compliance with the regulation on the eradication of invasive species requires financial means, therefore a new vision on invasive plant management system is proposed. With a new system, invasive alien plant (IAP) control is ensured as well as a new source of lignocellulosic biomass for product production, that could result in financial gains is presented. This article provides current alien plant situation visualization by Sankey diagram showing invasiveness of alien species and establishment, after which invasive and potentially invasive species are directed further to pre-assessment. A total of 157 invasive plant species are evaluated by multi criteria decision analysis TOPSIS, the case on the national level (Latvia) is presented and a new concept for a IAP management system is provided. The research results and the new concept provide a contribution to policy makers, land owners affected by invasive species and municipalities.


In this article, we proposed a neural network-based model predictive control (MPC) of piezoelectric motion stages (PEMAs) for autofocus (AF). Rather than using an internal controller to account for the problematic hysteresis effects of the PEMA, we use the long short-term memory (LSTM) unit to integrate the hysteresis effects and the focus measurement into a single learning-based model. Subsequently, a MPC method is developed based on this LSTM model that successfully finds the optimal focus position using a series of focus measurements derived from a sequence of images. To further improve the speed of the long short-term based MPC, an optimized backpropagation algorithm is proposed that optimizes the MPC cost function. Experiments verified our proposed method reduces at minimum 30% regarding AF time when compared to well-known ruled-based AF methods and other learning-based methods.


Having joined WTO, abiding by its related agreements, China's financial service market will be further opened accordingly. The present condition of its opening can not satisfy the demand of WTO. Therefore measures should be taken to ensure an orderly, healthy opening of the financial service market.


Developing synergy between styling design and aerodynamic efficiency has been an ongoing challenge in the automotive industry for many years. Designers and aerodynamicists have to meet strict deadlines and have limited resources to iterate and evolve the design and performance of the vehicle exterior during early concept development. The number of possible styling variants and configurations can often reach into the hundreds. Physical wind tunnel measurements are simply not practical from a time or cost perspective to evaluate these designs. Therefore, increased performance and accuracy of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations have become the main objective of every vehicle OEMs. Today, the GPU hardware, particularly the memory and performance, has reached a point where there is an increased interest in their usage for aerodynamics simulations. GPUs offer potential simulation performance improvements due to lower power consumption and hardware costs. With this in mind, a GPU based version of the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) fluid solver has been recently implemented. LBM is known to be well suited for GPU computation as the method is naturally vectorizable. Additionally, as a low dissipation, inherently transient approach, it is also well-suited for accurate evaluation of external automotive aerodynamics.This study provides a comparison between the relative performances of GPU based LBM vs its CPU based equivalent using the publicly available DrivAer aerodynamic model. A comparison of turn-around time on NVIDIA V100 and A100 cards vs an Intel Skylake CPU cluster is demonstrated. The resulting flow structures and forces will then be compared to show that the results are numerically equivalent, with significant performance gains on the GPU. Different models with different balances between surface elements and fluid nodes will also be evaluated, allowing for the relative computational cost of these different simulation elements to be discussed.


3D reconstruction of neuronal morphology is crucial to solving neuron-related problems in neuroscience as it is a key technique for investigating the connectivity and functionality of the neuron system. Many methods have been proposed to improve the accuracy of digital neuron reconstruction. However, the large amount of computer memory and computation time they require to process the large-scale images have posed a new challenge for us. To solve this problem, we introduce a novel Memory (and Time) Efficient Image Tracing (MEIT) framework. Evaluated on the Gold dataset, our proposed method achieves better or competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art neuron tracing methods in most cases while requiring less memory and time.


Objective: To reconstruct three-dimension(3D) model of the first molar in human mandible and use it to analyse human molars. Methods: CT scans of the first mandibular molar and the data was put into medical soft in computer, then perform imaging processing. Put the data into matlab software to reconstruct the 3D model of the first molar. Result: The 3D model reconstructed by CT scan data, objectively reflected the real tooth figure and the pulp cavity figure of the tooth. Conclusion: 3D human molar provides an accurate model for biomechanical analysis, and can be used for the basis of further research.


In this paper we present an automated technique for localizing faults in data centric programs. Data-centric programs typically interact with databases to get collections of content, process each entry in the collection and output another collection or write entries back to database. Many of the production faults in data centric programs are manifested because of presence of certain data values or data patterns in the database that were not checked for or handled correctly during development of the initial code. Our technique collects the execution trace of the faulty program, uses a novel precise slicing algorithm to break the trace into slices mapping to each entry in the output collection and finally does a semantic difference between the slices corresponding to correct output entries versus incorrect ones to suggest potentially faulty statements. We implemented our approach for ABAP programs. ABAP is the language used to code in SAP systems and interacts heavily with databases. It also contains embedded SQL like commands to work on collections of data. We applied our technique to a suite of 13 ABAP programs with faults from the field and it was able to identify the precise cause in 12 cases.


The paper distinguishes the basic research types related to management education: B-school challenges, continuing education processes and experiential learning, developing a strategy of management education. For each type author held a brief overview of studies published over the last years.


Starting from a bromo triether derivative 1, we prepared a homologous pentadecaether, which is a precursor for the title pentadecaradical, by repeating twice the following twostep procedure (total of four steps): (1) Br/Li exchange followed by the addition of the organolithium to a benzoic acid ester derivative and (2) conversion of the triarylmethyl alcohol to methyl ether. Similarly, a 31-ether precursor was prepared by repeating three times the above sequence (total of six steps). The polyethers were converted with lithium metal in THF to the corresponding carbopolyanions and, subsequently, oxidized with iodine at 180 K to give the polyradicals


Structural optimization is an important tool for structural designers that helps them to find innovative design solutions and structural forms with a better exploitation of materials as well as decreased self-weight and minimum material costs. In this article, a design procedure coupling the influence matrix method and genetic algorithms to optimize stay cables in cable-stayed bridges is presented. Following that, the design procedure is utilized in the preliminary design of a twin towers double-cable planes cable-stayed bridge to be located in Ferrara, Italy. The cable cross-sectional areas and corresponding pre-tension forces are optimized simultaneously. The results demonstrate that the proposed procedure is a powerful tool for designing stay cables and predicting the optimum cross-sectional areas of stay cables under certain stress and displacement constraints.


Municipality's financing represents a substantial part of borough politics. It results from the fundamental functioning of the municipality. One of the main tasks is not only to raise enough funds to cover and satisfy their needs, but also to guarantee their effective usage and to apply new approaches to multi-source municipality's financing. The budget of the municipality is closely linked to the state budget and its efficient management on the income site can ease the pressure on the state subsidies funding. The paper deals with the current issues regarding to financing of municipalities of the selected region of Svidnik County with its 65 municipalities, yet the results can be applied to all Slovak municipalities. It has been proved that there is the strong link between preferred forms of financing and the view on the deterioration in the availability of financial resources in times of crises


A new method for synthesis of liquid-crystalline poly(ethylene terephthalate-co-oxybenzoate)s (PET/HBA) is proposed. In order to prevent formation of PET-rich phases, complex monomers were used instead of PET. In comparison to copolyesters synthesized conventionally, the new products proved to be much more homogeneous. 13 C NMR measurements evidenced that the chain segment distribution is almost random. In contrast to literature data for a copolyester composition of PET/HBA (50/50 mol/mol) only a single glass transition was detected by dynamic mechanical analysis. The influence of transesterification reactions on the homogeneity is discussed


The purpose of this study was to investigate if life stress is mediation effect on interpersonal relationship to well-being effect. Investigator took other researches as references and conducted a questionnaire survey to examine the correlation of life stress and interpersonal relationship to well-being in Fu Gung junior high school students in Taoyuan City. This study collected 256 effective questionnaires. The data were processed and analyzed by SPSS Statistics with Descriptive Statistics, T-test, Anova, Pearson Product-moment Correlation, and Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis. The results are summarized below: 1. Girl students feel the higher sense on parent-child stress and self-stress than boy counterparts; seventh grader students feel the lowest sense on parent-child, peer, and self-stress. 2. Girl students feel the greater sense on interpersonal relationship than boy counterparts; Ninth-graders feel the higher sense on peer relationship than seventh grader students; Taiwanese mothers' children feel the higher on peer relationship than non-Taiwanese' children. 3. The well-being is not significantly affected by grade, gender, and mother nationalities; 4. Parent-child, learning, and peer stress are negatively related to well-being; interpersonal relationship is positively related to well-being. 5. Life Stress is partially related to interpersonal relationship. 6. Decreasing learning stress and increasing interpersonal relationship will improve well-being. This study shows that students release their negative emotion and obtain positive psychological feedback from interpersonal relationship. And that will reduce learning stress. After reducing learning stress, students can be happier and then promote well-being.


A kind of egg tray automatic loading and unloading machine is designed for the high strength and low efficiency of egg tray loading and unloading in the egg candling process. Through the analysis of egg tray loading and unloading process, the automatic loading and unloading process of the egg tray is determined. Imitating manual handling, egg tray automatic loading and unloading machine is composed of lifting mechanism and scissors type combination mechanism. The lifting mechanism completes the positioning of the egg tray and the scissors type combination mechanism completes the delivery of the egg tray. The prototype was designed and tested, and the result shows that the unloading efficiency reached 122 trays/h, and the average time of single tray leaving the incubator was 29s. So the automatic loading and unloading machine of the egg tray improves the automation degree of the incubation industry, reduces the labor intensity, improves the detection efficiency of the egg, and shortens the time that the embryo egg leaves the incubator.


The research focuses on the attitudes toward the state enterprise joint venture form of investment and the factors on which these attitudes are based. The attitudes of both U.S. MNCs' executives an...


Dunaliella tertiolecta and Scenedesmus quadricauda, two algal species with quite different morphological characteristics, were tested for resistance to chlorinated hydrocarbons, as measured by carb...