remote from the impact of local anthro-pogenic sources and were applied uniformly to all census tracts. The estimated concentrations were compared to previously defined benchmarks for cancer and noncancer effects (2). For this analysis, a HAP was considered to be a potential human carcinogen if it was classified by the U.S. EPA (3) as Group A (known), B (probable), or C (possible), or by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as Group 1 (known), 2A (probable), or 2B (possible). The description of the IARC categorization for carcinogens is found in the preamble of each IARC Monograph (4). This is consistent with the prescribed risk-based standards for risks resulting from exposures to known, probable , and possible carcinogens in the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 [section 112(0]. The benchmark concentration for carcinogens was set equal to a concentration associated with a one-in-a-million cancer risk for lifetime exposure. We then assessed the number ofexceedances, or census tracts with estimated concentrations greater than the one-in-a-million benchmark, for each HAP. The initial assessment of the carcino-genicity of methyl chloride was reported in a document prepared by the U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development (5). In this document methyl chloride was classified as a group C carcinogen (possible human carcinogen) on the basis of kidney tumors found in mice exposed via inhalation. Therefore, we considered methyl chloride to be a possible human carcinogen on the basis of the U.S. EPA classification. The Section 112(g) technical support document (6) referred to by Browning did not classify any HAPs as carcinogens, but rather adopted existing agency assessments for use in its hazard ranking. The procedures for adopting assessments for the section 1 12(g) document were peer reviewed by an external expert panel, but this panel did not engage in further review of individual pollutant assessments that had already been through various forms of external and internal peer review. The analysis of Caldwell et al. (2) referenced in our paper built on and extended the principles used in the Section 112(g) document (6) to assemble hazard information on air toxics. One of these principles was to use existing reviewed toxicologic data. Although it was beyond the scope of our paper (1) to review the tox-icologic data for each HAP, the general assessment procedures, as well as the specific methyl chloride weight-of-evidence dassifi-cation and benchmark concentration, were presented by Caldwell et al. (2). Although the …


Recent advances in very large scale integrated (VLSI) semiconductors have led to a family of advanced microcontrollers that can be of great benefit to designers of aerospace communications systems. This paper discusses some of the important technological breakthroughs made possible by the alliance of IBM, Motorola and Apple Computer, that culminated in the PowerPC microprocessor. This architecture is now being used in a new, powerful family of communications controllers that are described in this paper. The Motorola MPC860, also referred to as the Power QUICC, is a new family of high-speed communications controllers designed for a wide range of data communication applications. This family currently includes five devices. Typical aerospace applications include navigation and control systems, local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), bridges, routers and digital voice/data systems for aircraft and spacecraft. This new PowerPC-based family of microcontrollers can greatly improve and simplify the design of aerospace communications systems. The MPC860 family combines a PowerPC core processor in conjunction with a powerful communications module on the same die. The PowerPC, a reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processor, is one of the most powerful processors available today. The communications processor, also of a RISC-based design, automatically handles various communication protocols. To help promote cost-effective designs, each chip includes additional system functions such as a memory controller and a PCMCIA interface. Members of the family offer various combinations of the number of serial communications channels (10 megabits per second each) and available communication protocols. This paper presents a brief review of the development of the PowerPC Architecture and describes the innovations made by the unique PowerPC design team composed of Apple, IBM and Motorola employees at the Somerset Design Center in Austin, Texas. The MPC860 is then described and a number of typical aerospace applications are explored.


Infrared interferometric demonstrations with the University of California, Berkeley's infrared spatial interferometer (ISI) on Mt. Wilson explore the potential of infrared and optical astrometry for deep space tracking, reference frame development, and DSN science. Astrometric data taken and analyzed over the last five years from the ISI have shown that instrumental and atmospheric effects limit current demonstrations. The benefits of sensitivity upgrades, which were performed in 1991 and 1992, have been demonstrated by comparing point-to-point phase fluctuations for the fall 1989 and fall 1992 observing epochs. This comparison showed that point-to-point phase fluctuations due to tropospheric and quantum noise, for optimal integration times of 0.2 sec, are approaching the 0.1-cycle level needed to reliably connect the interferometric phase. The increase in sensitivity, coupled with that arising from very recent hardware upgrades, will greatly enhance phase-connection capabilities necessary for astrometry in the presence of atmospheric refractivity fluctuations. The current data set suggests that atmospheric fluctuations on Mt. Wilson during the best seeing are dominated by a low-lying component, approximately 25 m high, which may be minimized with in situ calibration in the future. During poor seeing conditions that currently prohibit the interferometric phase connection necessary for astrometry, fluctuations seem to be generated by atmospheric inhomogeneities at much higher altitudes above Mt. Wilson. Data taken over the last year suggest that the ISI will soon be able to achieve 50- to 100-nrad astrometry in a single observing session, employing current ground-based laser distance interferometer calibrations to minimize atmospheric effects.


The text study of Chinese thyroid discharge summary plays an important role in predicting thyroid disease. The results of named entity recognition are crucial for later text structuring. In recent common sequence annotation tasks, the contextual semantic issues of words in the text cannot be captured because the encoding of words is static, which can lead to a poor entity recognition rate. In this paper, a method combining Bert model with BiLstm-CRF is proposed to achieve a relatively higher recognition rate.


We study motion of a charged particle in the vicinity of a weakly magnetized Schwarzschild black hole and focus on its bounded trajectories lying in the black hole equatorial plane. If the Lorentz force, acting on the particle, is directed outward from the black hole, there exist two qualitatively different types of trajectories; one is a curly motion and another one is a trajectory without curls. We calculated the critical value of the magnetic field for the transition between these two types. If the magnetic field is greater than the critical one, for fixed values of the particle energy and angular momentum, the bounded trajectory has curls. The curls appear as a result of the gravitational drift. The greater the value of the magnetic field, the larger is the number of curls. We constructed an approximate analytical solution for a bounded trajectory and found the gravitational drift velocity of its guiding center.


Idiopathic aqueductal stenosis (AS) may account for up to 59% of cases presenting with triventricular noncommunicating hydrocephalus.1 The clinical presentations associated with triventricular hydrocephalus differ depending on age at onset and the acuity of obstruction. Acute syndromes include Parinaud's syndrome (vertical gaze restriction, lid retraction, and pupillary abnormalities), the rostral midbrain syndrome (upward gaze palsy, retraction nystagmus, pyramidal and extrapyramidal signs), and deficits in arousal. In the very young, chronic diencephalic compression can produce the bobble-head doll syndrome (high frequency head movements, limb ataxia, tremor, and cognitive deficits). Resolution of transtentorial pressure gradients by CSF diversion typically produces rapid improvement.2

We describe an adult patient with upper extremity tremor due to decompensated hydrocephalus from AS, who demonstrated improvement following endoscopic third ventriculostomy.

An 18-year-old right-handed African American man presented with chronic, progressive tremor of the right hand. He was the product of an uncomplicated pregnancy and satisfied normative criteria for both growth and developmental milestones including head circumference. There was no history of head injury or encephalitis. At age 9 he developed action tremor in his dominant hand, which began in the distal upper extremity and progressed over 6 months to include the proximal arm and right leg. These symptoms were aggravated by stress, and interfered with activities of daily living. While he was considered less agile than his peers, he had no functional impairment or problems with falls. Rest tremor was not appreciated. By age 13, …


7 ratios of 0g∶6g,1g∶5g,2g∶4g,3g∶3g,4g∶2g,5g∶1g and 6g∶0g made of the pine needles of Pinus yunnanensis and leaves of Cupressustorulosa,Cinnamomum camphora and Cyclobalanopsis Oerst were put in the response arm of the Y-tube olfactometer as odor source,6g pine needles of Pinus yunnanensis was put the control arm,olfactory behavior of Tomicus yunnanensis was observed.The results showed that non-hosts had less impact on olfactory behavior of Tomicus yunnanensis,when the ratio was little in the mixed leaves.The ratios of 4g∶2g,5g∶1g of the pine needles and and leaves of non-hosts had less inducement rate on Tomicus yunnanensis compared with the pine needles(ratio∶ 6g∶0g),the maximum was 8%.The higher the ratios of non-hosts were,the lower the inducement rate on Tomicus yunnanensis was.Compared the ratios of 1g∶5g,2g∶4g of the pine needles and and leaves of non-hosts with the pine needles,the inducement rate would decline,the maximum were 32% and 26%.


Cloud storage enables users to remotely store their data and enjoy the on-demand high quality cloud applications without the burden of local hardware and software management. Though the benefits are clear, such a service is also relinquishing users' physical possession of their outsourced data, which inevitably poses new security risks towards the correctness of the data in the cloud. In order to address this new problem and further to achieve a secure and dependable cloud storage service, in this paper a new cryptosystem is developed for fine-grained sharing of encrypted data that we call Cipher-Policy AttributeBased Encryption (CP-ABE) with verifiable outsourced decryption. In our cryptosystem, cipher texts are labeled with sets of attributes and private keys are associated with access structures that control which cipher texts a user is able to decrypt. This scheme also eliminates the overhead caused due to the large number of pairing operations in decryption. Attributebased encryption (ABE) has been envisioned as a promising cryptographic primitive for realizing secure and flexible access control. So, in order to check the correctness of the transformation done and introduce the concept of verifiability. The proposed design consists of efficient methods that enable ondemand data correctness verification. ABE [Attribute based Encryption] extends the ASBE algorithm with a hierarchical structure to improve scalability and flexibility while at the same time inherits the features of fine-grained access control of ABE. A traditional Cloud security concept ensures the Identity based Cryptography, which results in securing outsourcing of cloud


Abstract This paper explores a countermovement that is emerging within an educational climate that highlights accountability, standardisation and performativity. This countermovement has become manifest in a rapid rise in the implementation and research of contemplative practices (e.g. mindfulness, yoga) across educational settings. The paper explores the unfolding of this curricular-pedagogical phenomenon, characterises its core elements and explains why and how it can be viewed as a 'contemplative turn in education'. Based on a conceptual review of academic publications in the field, the paper demonstrates a progression from a pre-contemplative era to the current contemplative turn. As part of the review three curricular domains within this turn are described: mindfulness-based interventions, contemplative pedagogies and contemplative inquiry. Each domain offers a different perspective on the contemplative turn and contributes to epistemological changes in curricular-pedagogical practice. The paper also presents a critical discourse that challenges the contemplative turn's ethics, implementations and curricular orientations.


ABSTRACT Objective: We aimed to investigate how maternal serum soluble Fms-like kinase 1 (sFlt-1), placental growth factor (PlGF), and sFlt-1/PlGF ratio prospectively associate to preeclampsia (PE) and clinical subtypes. Methods: In an unselected cohort of 1909 pregnant women, sFlt-1 and PlGF were measured with KRYPTOR assays in gestational weeks (GW) 8–14 and 20–34. Associations to PE were assessed by receiver operating characteristics and logistic regression. Results: Concentrations of sFlt-1, PlGF, and sFlt-1/PlGF in GW20-34 were predictive of PE development, but not in GW8-14. PlGF outperformed sFlt-1/PlGF ratio with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.755 vs. 0.704, p = 0.002. The highest AUC values for PlGF and sFlt-1/PlGF ratio were seen for severe early-onset PE (0.901 and 0.883). Negative predictive values were high for all PE types, but positive predictive values were low. Conclusion: PlGF and sFlt-1/PlGF had good predictive value for PE at GW20-34 in a population-based unselected cohort, however with low positive predictive value.


The paper focuses on the validation of the numerical simulations regarding the behavior of a railway vehicle while running on a track with irregularities. These simulations are developed from a complex vehicle track system that allows the evaluation of the dynamic behavior on a vertical direction of the railway vehicles in terms of running quality, vibration comfort and the fatigue stress on the track. The validation process consists in the comparison of the acceleration spectra derived from numerical simulations and those from the data recorded during the vehicle circulation on the running line. In this context, the frequency spectra of the measured acceleration are shown that they can be classified into two categories one is of the spectra similar in shape with the ones considered in the numerical simulations, used as a basis for the validation process and the other one includes the acceleration spectra that are sensibly different than the ones derived from the numerical simulations.


In the United States, commercial support for continuing medical education has grown steadily over the past decade. In 2006 it provided more than half, about $1.5bn (£0.75bn, €0.95bn) or 60%, of the income for educational programmes doctors must take to maintain their medical licences. 1 Evidence shows that commercial support distorts what doctors learn.

In 2007 I chaired the Josiah Macy, Jr conference on Continuing Education in the Health Professions: Improving Healthcare Through Lifelong Learning ( www.josiahmacyfoundation.org). A major recommendation emerging from the conference was that organisations providing accredited continuing education should not receive commercial support from drug or medical device companies.

The Macy report, from the conference, summarised the ethical concerns. Commercial support places doctors and nurses who teach continuing education activities in the untenable position of being paid, directly or indirectly, by the manufacturers of healthcare products about which they teach. Commercial entities have an …


This study aims to investigate teachers' perceptions of strategies they adopt to help their learners develop their critical thinking skills and how coherent their classroom practices are with their perceptions. The study was conducted with teachers in secondary schools in Saudi Arabia. Primary data in the form of questionnaire results, classroom observation notes and interviews was gathered to attain this goal. A total of three all-male schools participated in the study with 82 teachers completing the questionnaire, and 12 teachers (four from each school) being interviewed and observed during their classroom work. The findings suggest that positing open-ended questions to the class, focusing on performance tasks, and comparing and contrasting different perspectives were the most beneficial teaching strategies to foster students' critical thinking skills. The findings also highlight that these capabilities are affected not only by the teaching practices, but also by other factors related to the broader academic environment, such as school resources. The results of the present study may help secondary teachers to select and implement teaching strategies and consider factors that may lead to an improvement in students' critical thinking skills. While this study focuses exclusively on teachers working in the secondary schools in Saudi Arabia, some of the findings can be potentially transferable to other similar educational contexts.


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Models, such as SLM and PAM, predict that performance on second language sounds is determined by the perceptual relationship of the sounds to the original language categories. To measure this relationship, Schmidt [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 99, 3201–3211] had native Korean speakers classify English consonant productions into Korean orthographic categories, and assess the similarity of the consonants to the chosen categories. The current experiment further examines how Korean labeling relates to accuracy in using English orthographic categories. Results show Koreans poorly identify sounds rated as dissimilar from Korean categories. Similarly, sounds that are inconsistently labeled with Korean labels are less accurately identified. These results suggest that accuracy varies with the nearness of the English and a Korean category, and thus English categories are developed from original Korean categories. However, other results indicate that sounds straddling Korean categories can be very accurately labeled, suggest...


The world is at a critical juncture: there is the opportunity to come together to pursue a common agenda, or it can break into opposing groups based on differences in income, interests, religion or ...


Most modern institutions of education, despite the apparent neutrality of the materials from which they are constructed (red brick, white tile, etc.) carry within them implicit ideological assumptions which are literally structured into the architecture itself. The categorization of knowledge into arts and sciences is reproduced in the faculty system which houses different buildings … moreover, the hierarchical relationship between teacher and taught is inscribed in the very layout of the lecture theatre with the seating arrangements … dictating the flow of information and serve to naturalise professorial authority. Thus a whole range of decisions about what is and is not possible within education have been made, however unconsciously, before the content of the individual courses is decided.


: Introduction: ligation after anal stretching was carried out while in Group B ( n = 15), OLIS with excision of skin tag was carried out under local anesthesia or spinal anesthesia. Relief in postoperative symptoms and complications if any was recorded for 4 weeks and follow-up was done for the period of 1 month. Results: In both the groups, significant results were obtained, but the difference among groups was statistically insignificant. Duration required for relief in postoperative symptoms like pain, bleeding, swelling, and wound healing was found to be more in Group A ( Ksharasutra ) than Group B (OLIS). Conclusion: OLIS provided better results compared to Ksharasutra (medicated caustic thread) ligation in the management of Parikartika w.s.r to chronic fissure-in-ano.


The objective of the study was to evaluate the user experience of the Jaxber mobile app and to find out which of the selected properties have changed over the years 2017 – 2018 as well as to inform the future development of the software solution. A Holistic Model for UX evaluation was applied as a theoretical framework in this study. A repeated cross-sectional mixed-methods study was implemented based on qualitative and quantitative secondary data provided by the organization. ANOVA analysis and the Nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis Test were used for quantitative data analysis, and sentiment analysis and the cloud of terms were applied to qualitative data. The triangulation of results revealed that quantitative and qualitative results are complementary to each other. There was a statistically significant change in three (usefulness, novelty, and productiveness) of the seven selected properties. Sentiment analysis showed that the general opinion of the users of the Jaxber app is positive. Recommendations for improvement of the Jaxber app that came from the end-users of the mobile solution, when prioritised and implemented, may become a source of possible competitive advantages in the future.


Presently, the video surveillance system is an important virtue for identifying crimes. The past works related to crime detection using video surveillance are discussed here. The goal of this investigation is to provide a literature review about crime activity recognition using different techniques. The main demerits of video surveillance are facial utterance recognition, and the method consumes more time for detecting the crime. An alert system provided in video surveillance improves crime prediction and also reduces crime activity. This paper presents an overview of present and past reviews for developing future research. The published journals from 2000-2020 were analyzed to know about the video surveillance and crime detection methods in different sectors. A review of the analyzed researchers and their techniques is available in this paper. This survey is useful to improve the crime detection techniques using video surveillance. Moreover, it is a useful tool to gather information.


A new theoretical model of political system is proposed in this article. It includes only those provisions, which have impact on political authority and power relations surely. All political institutions are interacting to provide security, stability and steadiness in society, to improve life of humanity.


OBJECTIVE To establish a RP-HPLC method for the determination of matrine in Fufang Shuanghuateng Zhiyang liniment.METHODS The Thermo ODS Hypersil column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)was used with the acetonitrile-phosphate buffer solution(contained 1.36 g potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1 mL triethylamine,add water to 1 000 mL adjusted pH to 5.5 with phosphate acid)(4∶96)as mobile phase,the detection wavelength was 220 nm,the flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1,the temperature of the column was 35 ℃。RESULTS The linear range of matrine was at 0.43-21.44 μg(r=0.999 9,the average recovery was 100.40% with RSD of 1.93%(n=6).CONCLUSION The method is accurate and reliable,it can be used for the determination of matrine in Fufang Shuanghuateng Zhiyang liniment.


This paper describes the medical examination of 26 residents living in Finnish houses with indoor air problems and Stachybotrys contamination. Environmental samples were obtained from patients at the Clinic for Indoor Air Health Problems where special attention was paid to the presence of possible health effects caused by moulds, especially by Stachybotrys chartarum. S. chartarum was isolated and identified in samples collected from the homes or work places of 26 patients admitted for respiratory illness. Most of the isolated S. chartarum strains showed slight toxicity when tested in a cell culture but only two were found to produce satratoxins G and H. Diverse spectra of non-specific symptoms were reported by the 26 patients and irritation of the upper airways and eyes were the most common. Lymphocytosis was found in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in 6 of the 10 patients who underwent bronchofibreoscopy. IgG antibodies against S. chartarum were determined in the serum of 20 patients and increased levels were found in 10 of them. The symptoms or the severity of the illnesses were not associated with the IgG level. Patients were followed-up for 1—5 years, with a few patients experiencing persistent health effects such as severe eye irritation. We conclude that some of the symptoms may be caused by Stachybotrys exposure but a causal relationship could not be shown. Lymphocytosis was found in bronchial lavage in half of the patients examined by bronchoscopy suggesting that immunoactivation in lungs may quite often occur from exposure to water-damaged microbes.


FIELD: energy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to determining radiation environment in the vicinity of nuclear power engineering after emergency emission of radioactive substances. Essence of the invention is that is aerial radiation area survey is carried out by means of undedicated instrument, for example, with a portable gamma radiation dose rate meter having only one onboard radiation detector. Optical radiation survey along preset route on each straight section shall be carried out twice to change height of flight. This enables to obtain data implicitly containing information on the value of attenuation of gamma radiation depending on terrain clearance. Data processing enables calculation of coefficients for conversion of the radiation levels measured at the aircraft flight elevation to terrain clearance 1 m. EFFECT: technical result is higher accuracy of determination radiation environment. 1 cl, 4 tbl, 4 dwg


We describe a methodology to explore optimal conditions to excite surface modes in a glass-metamaterial-vacuum system (Kretschmann configuration) using both P and S polarized light. We calculate the electromagnetic dispersion relation of a metamaterial surface by solving Maxwell equations for both polarizations with appropriate boundary conditions. The dispersion relations define the frequency domain of the surface mode existence for the surface modes (with S polarization) and surface plasmons (with P polarization). In this work we report reflectivity spectra calculations, the numerical simulation of the attenuated total reflectivity technique and the electric field variations within the layer system.


Abstract The ultrasonic velocity, density and viscosity of carbonato-bis(ethylene diamine) cobalt(III) perchlorate solution in water and 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% glycerol-water mixtures have been measured at 303.15 K. Various acoustic parameters such as isentropic compressibility, free length, acoustic impedance have been obtained from the experimental data for all the solutions. The nature of variation of these acoustic parameters give information about the type of interaction taking place in these systems. The co-ordination complex behaves as a structure breaker in glycerol-water mixed solvents.


National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (NAIS) serves as an effective institutional mechanism to cope with production risks. The study has assessed the impact of NAIS on maize farming in Mahaboobnagar district of Telangana. It has a special influence on the utilization of high value inputs, which in turn has contributed towards enhancing returns from farming. It can be observed that insured farmers have invested more on hired human, machine and bullock labour, seeds, manures, fertilizers, plant protection chemicals, etc. than non-insured farmers mainly because of guaranteed compensation from NAIS.


Abstract Background Asthma health disparities are widely recognized, with worse outcomes in children from low income families. In a Medical-Legal Partnership (MLP), an attorney is embedded in a healthcare setting to address social determinants of health. We studied whether an MLP could impact asthma exacerbation rates in a vulnerable urban population at an academic children's hospital. Methods The study population comprised children with asthma who were referred to the MLP between 2013 and 2017. We compared healthcare utilization for asthma exacerbations managed in primary care, emergency department and inpatient settings in the year before and year after MLP intervention. Results 98 children with asthma were included in the study. The mean total encounters per person per year decreased from 1.16 to 0.66 (relative reduction 44.2%, p < 0.01). The largest effect was on hospitalizations, with a reduction from 0.33 to 0.10 hospitalizations per patient per year (relative reduction 69.7%, p < 0.01). Encounters for asthma exacerbations in the primary care office and emergency department also decreased but these changes did not meet statistical significance. Conclusion In a pediatric population with asthma, an MLP intervention was associated with a significant reduction in asthma exacerbation encounters and hospitalizations comparing the year before and after MLP intervention. Further studies are needed to better understand which interventions are most effective, and for which patient groups MLP referral would be particularly useful. MLPs may be an important way to reduce health disparities in patients with asthma and other chronic illnesses. KEYWORDS Management/control; pediatrics


Diastereomerically pure 1-[1-(1,2-dicarba-closo-dodecaboran(12)yl)chlorophosphanyl]-2-N,N-dimethylaminomethylferrocene ((RP,SFc/SP,RFc)-3) and enantiomerically pure (S)-N,N-dimethyl-1-{(R)-2-[(S)-{1-(1,2-dicarba-closo-dodecaboran(12)yl)}chlorophosphanyl]ferrocenyl}ethylamine ((SC,SP,RFc)-4) were prepared by reaction of monolithiated 1,2-dicarba-closo-dodecaborane(12) and the corresponding racemic or enantiomerically pure aminoalkylferrocenyldichlorophosphanes (1 or (S,R)-2). Two equivalents of 1 also reacted with dilithiated 1,2-dicarba-closo-dodecaborane(12) to yield stereoselectively the RP,RP',SFc,SFc'/SP,SP',RFc,RFc' diastereomer of 1,2-bis[chloro(2-N,N-dimethylaminomethylferrocenyl)phosphanyl]-1,2-dicarba-closo-dodecaborane(12) ((RP,RP',SFc,SFc'/SP,SP',RFc,RFc')-5). Chlorophosphane (RP,SFc/SP,RFc)-3 was treated with LiAlH4 to afford diastereoselectively the secondary phosphane 1-[1-(1,2-dicarba-closo-dodecaboran(12)yl)phosphanyl]-2-N,N-dimethylaminomethylferrocene ((RP,RFc/SP,SFc)-6) with inverted st...


The invention discloses a method for estimating the direction of arrival of a radar low-elevation target, which mainly solves the problem of large calculation of the estimation of the direction of arrival of the low-elevation target in the prior art. The method comprises the following steps of: 1, transmitting a group of narrowband phase reference pulse signals with bandwidth of not exceeding 1 percent of carrier frequency; 2, receiving radar echo data by using a uniform line array; 3, carrying out beam forming on the radar echo data, wherein the beam points 0 degree; 4, measuring a distance sampling unit and a Doppler channel in which a target is disposed; 5, re-accumulating the received radar echo data according to the obtained distance sampling unit and the Doppler channel; 6, constructing a matrix beam by using the re-accumulated data; and 7, solving the direction of arrival of the target for the constructed matrix beam by adopting a total least square method of generalized eigenvalue decomposition.


The present invention relates to a processing method, apparatus and system for variable rate signal, the method comprising: encapsulating a signal from the client side to the n optical channel data unit ODU signal; and the n ODU signals into a package Flexible optical channel transport unit OTU signal, wherein the elastic OTU signal with the nominal bit rate varies in different n values, the n is an integer of 1. The technical solution of the present invention, can adapt to the needs of a variable bandwidth network, and improving packaging efficiency line.


As people age, the ability of the body to regulate the blood sugar concentrations diminishes. The earliest abnormality is excessive rise in blood sugar after ingesting meals. The cause for this age-related change is multifactorial and includes alterations in body fat content, reduced physical activity, altered liver or muscle metabolism, and changes in insulin secretion. It is likely that, with the adoption of a healthy life style, most of the age-related increase in the prevalence of diabetes can be prevented.


Introduction The aim of the study was to undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies to determine the effect of magnesium (Mg) supplementation on C-reactive protein (CRP). Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Material and methods Data sources: PubMed-Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Database, and Google Scholar databases were searched (up until December 2016). Eligibility criteria: Randomized controlled trials evaluating the impact of Mg supplementation on CRP. We used random effects models meta-analysis for quantitative data synthesis. For sensitivity analysis was used the leave-one-out method. Heterogeneity was quantitatively assessed using the I 2 index. Main outcome: Level of CRP after Mg supplementation. Results From a total of 96 entries identified via searches, eight studies were included in the final selection. The meta-analysis indicated a significant reduction in serum CRP concentrations following Mg supplementation (weighted mean difference (WMD) –1.33 mg/l; 95% CI: –2.63 to –0.02, heterogeneity p < 0.123; I 2 = 29.1%). The WMD for interleukin 6 was –0.16 pg/dl (95% CI: –3.52 to 3.26, heterogeneity p = 0.802; I 2 = 2.3%), and 0.61 mg/dl (95% CI: –2.72 to 1.48, p = 0.182, heterogeneity p = 0.742; I 2 = 6.1%) for fasting blood glucose. These findings were robust in sensitivity analyses. Random-effects meta-regression revealed that changes in serum CRP levels were independent of the dosage of Mg supplementation (slope: –0.004; 95% CI: –0.03, 0.02; p = 0.720) or duration of follow-up (slope: –0.06; 95% CI: –0.37, 0.24; p = 0.681). Conclusions This meta-analysis suggests that Mg supplementation significantly reduces serum CRP level. RCTs with a larger sample size and a longer follow-up period should be considered for future investigations to give an unequivocal answer.


Overview. This research examines student satisfaction with the simulation method in an MBA class. Methods. Qualitative data was collected from 10 cohorts of an MBA course (216 students). The MarketPlace Simulation (Advanced Marketing Strategy - Bikes) was adopted to help students understand the marketing concepts and managerial implications. Findings. The data demonstrate that three factors contribute to MBA students ' satisfaction with the simulation. Satisfied students perceived the simulation as a productive tool for developing multiple learning outcomes and actively participated in the simulation activities. Those dissatisfied with the simulation had limited participation in the game decisions. Satisfied students worked closely with other team members and benefited significantly from collaborative learning. Satisfied students enjoyed the interactive games and found the learning process stimulating and inspiring, whereas dissatisfied students were more interested in the game results.


In this work, we study the modified Korteweg–de Vries-sine-Gordon (MKdV-sG) equation. The MKdV-sG equation is integrable subject to specific conditions that relate the parameter of the dispersion term to the parameter of the nonlinear term. Moreover, the MKdV-sG equation describes the propagation of few-cycle-pulse optical solitons in Kerr media. We use the simplified Hirota method to derive multiple soliton solutions.


We address the problem of efficiently constructing materialized XML views of relational databases. In our setting, the XML view is specified by a query in the declarative query language of a middle-ware system, called SilkRoute. The middle-ware system evaluates a query by sending one or more SQL queries to the target relational database, integrating the resulting tuple streams, and adding the XML tags. We focus on how to best choose the SQL queries, without having control over the target RDBMS.


This paper introduces the conceptio n and connotation of the digital libr ary,and makes exploration on and consideration about the constructi on of the digital library from aspects of the techniques,services,libra rians' qualities,construction planning of the digita l library,and relevant techniques,etc.


The writer discusses the depiction in manuscripts and printed books of the ninth-century Islamic philosopher and physician Avicenna as a king. These depictions, the first of which date from about 1300, depict Avicenna with regal iconographic attributes, such as a crown, a throne, and a book. Although these attributes were sometimes employed metaphorically to indicate Avicenna's supreme position in the world of medical learning, the iconographic representation of him as a king was based on a mistake, having its origin in a mistranslation of an Arabic title bestowed upon Avicenna, the precise meaning of which so far remains unsolved.


In this paper,selecting the high density tolerance maize Zhengdan958 as the test materials,an experimental design with a single factor and randomized blocks was used to study the relationship between the planting density and the yield traits of high density tolerance maize under the field planting conditions.The results indicate that the best summer planting density for high density tolerance maize varieties represented by Zhengdan958 was 4 850 plants/667 m2 in Tianjin.Among the range of planting density in this study,the yield increased with the increase of the planting density,but the yield decreased as the planting density increased when the planting density reached a certain level.Planting density has a very obvious influence on 100-kernel weight,and then the length of bare ear,grain number per row,grain number per ear.The planting density makes no notable impact on the ear length,the ear diameter,the row number per ear and the height of plant.The planting density increase made 100-kernel weight,grain number per ear and grain number per row decrease following the linear falling relation,while the yield and length of bare ear decreased firstly and then increased following the quadric parabola equation.


Toys are children's first consumer products and while playing they acquire numerous skills, learn about their environment and socialise with other children and adults. Toys are adapted and used by clinicians as therapeutic devices because they allow them to create bonds and communicate with children. Aesthetical aspects should be considered early in the design process, especially since pre-schoolers' views are still dominated by the appearance of artefacts, also known as, the perceptual salient characteristics. The study of emotions mediates the understanding of the relationships between a product, user and the process with which consumers set up preferences over products. Decisions taken in each design stage will influence whether therapeutic devices will be enjoyed by children. An experiment was carried out to test out pre-schoolers' preferences on individual attributes: form, dimension, material (hardness and weight) and surface (appearance and texture). This study exposed dominant characteristic preferences and the fact that some are influenced by gender and age. Employing these findings in therapeutic devices will enable clinicians to better engage the children during therapy.


A doctor who exploited vulnerable patients by providing unproved stem cell therapy could be struck off the UK medical register later this month after a finding by the General Medical Council that his fitness to practise is impaired.

A GMC panel held that the Dutch trained doctor Robert Trossel was guilty of serious misconduct in exploiting desperate patients with multiple sclerosis and abusing his position. His actions constituted "repeated and serious breaches" of many of the essential tenets of the GMC guide Good Medical Practice .

He had "seriously exaggerated" the benefits of stem cell treatment and injected …


This dissertation examines the role of the Practice Nurse in skin cancer
prevention in adults by way of studying and examining the literature, national
strategies and policies. The key areas which will be studied are education,
public awareness, health promotion, early detection, and appropriate referrals
to specialist professionals. This dissertation will review the related literature and
explore whether the Practice Nurse can prevent the incidence of skin cancer.
The dissertation consists of two main parts, incorporating subheadings. Part
one is the literature review, where literature has been sought to explore
whether the Practice Nurse can prevent the incidence of Skin cancer. National
strategies and The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE)
guidelines will be reviewed, which will inform the recommendations to practice.
These will be studied in part two of the dissertation. The application to nursing
practice will also examine barriers and recommendations for utilisation by the
Practice Nurse in clinical practice. National strategies along with NICE
guidelines and policies will be reviewed, directing the role of the Practice
Nurse.


This article argues that a more robust understanding of transformative learning theory will assist Christian educators in cultivating moral discernment and ethical living in the lives of those we teach. However, our view of transformative learning must necessarily encompass personal and social dimensions in order to represent both an individual and corporate kingdom-oriented response essential for the church in mission to the world to adequately address contemporary global challenges.


Three years of radar altimeter data from GEOS-3 for the South Atlantic Bight were processed. Mean monthly topographic maps were produced which estimate geostrophic flow in the region. Statistical distribution of the surface wind speed and significant wave height as a function of both space and time are presented.


The primary purpose of this paper is to draw clearly, at the macroeconomic level, the distinction between cost-push and demand-pull inflations and to show their interrelationships.' Criteria for distinguishing between them at the macroeconomic level will be discussed in Section I. Section II presents a model which expresses the interrelationships between these cost and demand forces. In Section III, the conditions under which it is or is not possible to distinguish between cost and demand inflations are established. In Section IV the U.S. inflation of 1955-58 is briefly examined in terms of the results derived from the model. The concern here is with creeping inflations such as the United States has been experiencing in the postwar period. This justifies neglect of expectations. We also make the assumption that household consumption is subject to the money illusion. The implications for the model of "real-income consciousness" will be indicated, however. The supply of money is not included in the model. For simplicity, it is assumed that the monetary authority provides sufficient funds to meet the requirements of the economy at a fixed interest rate. This does not appear to be a serious simplification in terms of the objectives of this paper. The term cost-push will refer, unless otherwise specified, to a wage


The objective of this study was to compare the nutritional quality of larvae and pupae of the silkworm (Bombyx mori). A proximal analysis was performed on: energy (kcal/kg), minerals (%), protein (%), and in vitro digestibility of larvae and pupae of Bombyx mori on wet and dry bases. One hundred (100) larvae and 100 pupae produced under laboratory conditions in July and August 2013 were used. Analysis was performed one month after collection in the laboratory of the Department of Animal Nutrition and Biochemistry of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the National Autonomous University of Mexico. According to statistical analysis, on dry bases, the pupae showed higher energy (4231.89 kcal/kg), mineral (6.25%), protein (64.31%), and fat extract (20.63%) content; as compared with larval energy (4115.79 kcal/kg), mineral (5.02%), protein (62.60%), and fat extract (12.90%) content. Silkworm larvae and pupae are ingredients for the production of cattle rations and the preparation of conventional foods that are rich in protein, fat, and minerals.


We present central velocity dispersion measurements for 325 early-type galaxies in eight clusters and groups of galaxies, including new observations for 212 galaxies. The clusters and groups are the A262, A1367, Coma (A1656), A2634, Cancer, and Pegasus Clusters and the NGC 383 and NGC 507 Groups. The new measurements were derived from medium-dispersion spectra that cover 600 Å centered on the Mg I b triplet at λ ∼ 5175 Å. Velocity dispersions were measured using the Tonry & Davis cross-correlation method, with a typical accuracy of 6%. A detailed comparison with other data sources is made.


The credit crisis has once more fuelled the debate about the sustainability of the present pension arrangements all across Europe. However, with pensions based on stock and bond return increasingly under pressure, an alternative option to finance non-housing consumption in retirement lays idle. In this paper, we present the potential of reverse mortgages as an alternative way to finance retirement. We show in a cross-country setting that the potential is relatively high in Eastern and Southern European countries. Finally, in the light of the present crisis we discuss the risks attached to such a scheme and discuss the necessary institutional changes.


Jennifer L. Franklin and David A. Shevlin, Simpson, Thacher & Bartlett, New York, explain timing considerations for making gifts of restricted stock and discuss issues involved in these donations from both the donor's and charity's perspectives. The authors pay particular attention to the tax rules and regulations that dictate the procedures for valuing and substantiating gifts of restricted stock, and identify the types of restrictions that may affect a charity's ability to resell donated stock.


The basic processes of cellular plastics using CO 2 as the blowing agent are described and the lastest achievements in methodology are summarized.


"The Symphony Way occupation was a real attempt at an insurgent and tenacious solidarity against an increasingly exclusionary and brutal society. It was an experiment at the outer limits of the innovative and courageous grassroots militancies that have emerged in South Africa in recent years. This book is also an experiment at the outer limits of radical publishing. All the tenacity, beauty, pain, desperation and contradictions that breathe their life into any popular struggle haunt the pages of this searing book."


We describe and discuss near-field terahertz wave imaging with a dynamic aperture created on a semiconductor wafer. The spatial resolution of a near-field terahertz wave imaging system with a dynamic aperture created on a GaAs wafer is determined by the diameter of the gating-beam-induced thin photocarrier layer. With a dynamic aperture created on a GaAs wafer, we have achieved a subwavelength spatial resolution of /spl sim//spl lambda//10. In addition, near-field terahertz wave imaging with a dynamic aperture overcomes the limitations in the reported methods of near-field terahertz wave imaging. Particularly, it is free of the high-pass filtering effect. Various terahertz images are presented to show the possible applications.


This paper describes developing a fault diagnosis logic simulator of column type MDPS can be tested manually and automatically, using Fault Insertion Test. Tester can input the fault condition such as open/short test to ECU I/O. Through this developing simulator project, verification, validation and regression test before in vehicle will be strengthened; it also can reduce cost and time.


A wide variety of underused effective HIV prevention programs exist. This article describes sources for obtaining such effective programs and issues to consider in selecting an existing effective program for use with one's priority population. It also discusses seven steps involved in adapting an effective program to meet the needs of a new context while preserving core components (what made, or is believed to have made, the intervention effective in the first place) and best practices (characteristics common to effective programs). Although the examples presented are from the HIV prevention field, the seven-step framework is applicable to the adaptation of effective programs in other health promotion and disease prevention arenas.


A novel piezo-fluidic gaseous fuel injector system designed for natural gas engines is described in this paper. The system consists mainly of no-moving-part fluidic devices
dmces and piezo electro-fluidic interfaces. The steady state dynamic characteristics of the system were tested on a laboratory expenmental rig. The results show that the
system can handle the large gas volume flow rate required by natural gas engines and is capable of operating via pulse width modulation. A few typical commercial solenold type gas injectors were also tested and the results were compared with those from the piezo-fluidic injector system. It was
found that the piezo-fluidic gaseous fuel injector system has faster switching responses and smaller injection cycle-to-cycle variations.


This paper is concerned with the exact controllability of linear mean‐field stochastic systems with time‐variant random coefficients. We prove that the exact controllability, the validity of the observability inequality for the dual equation, the unique solvability of a family of optimal control problems, the unique solvability of a family of mean‐field forward‐backward stochastic differential equations (MF‐FBSDEs), and the unique solvability of a family of norm optimal control problems are all equivalent. Therefore, some approaches are provided to investigate the issue of exact controllability.


We report the discovery of a previously unknown massive Galactic star cluster at ℓ = 29.°22, b = −0.°20. Identified visually in mid-IR images from the Spitzer GLIMPSE survey, the cluster contains at least eight late-type supergiants, based on follow-up near-IR spectroscopy, and an additional 3–6 candidate supergiant members having IR photometry consistent with a similar distance and reddening. The cluster lies at a local minimum in the 13CO column density and 8 μm emission. We interpret this feature as a hole carved by the energetic winds of the evolving massive stars. The 13CO hole seen in molecular maps at VLSR ∼ 95 km s−1 corresponds to near/far kinematic distances of 6.1/8.7 ± 1 kpc. We calculate a mean spectrophotometric distance of 7.0+3.7−2.4 kpc, broadly consistent with the kinematic distances inferred. This location places it near the northern end of the Galactic bar. For the mean extinction of AV = 12.6 ± 0.5 mag (AK = 1.5 ± 0.1 mag), the color–magnitude diagram of probable cluster members is well fit by isochrones in the age range 18–24 Myr. The estimated cluster mass is ∼20,000 M☉. With the most massive original cluster stars likely deceased, no strong radio emission is detected in this vicinity. As such, this red supergiant (RSG) cluster is representative of adolescent massive Galactic clusters that lie hidden behind many magnitudes of dust obscuration. This cluster joins two similar RSG clusters as residents of the volatile region where the end of our Galaxy's bar joins the base of the Scutum-Crux spiral arm, suggesting a recent episode of widespread massive star formation there.


Abstract Let G be a semitopological semigroup. Let C be a closed convex subset of a uniformly convex Banach space E with a Frechet differentiable norm and T  = { T t  :  t  ∈  G } be a continuous representation of G as asymptotically nonexpansive type mappings of C into itself such that the common fixed point set F ( T ) of ( T ) in C is nonempty. We prove in this paper that if G is right reversible, then for every almost-orbit u ( ·) of T ,[formula]consists of at most one point. Further,[formula]is nonempty for each x  ∈  C if and only if there exists a nonexpansive retraction P of C onto F ( T ) such that PT s  =  T s P  =  P for all s  ∈  G and P ( x ) is in the closed convex hull of { T s x  :  s  ∈  G }, x  ∈  C . This result is applied to study the problem of weak convergence of the net { u ( t ) :  t  ∈  G } to a common fixed point of T .


Simultaneous water vapor measurements from satellite and ground based systems, have been performed in Napoli and Potenza throughout the last two years. Night-time water vapor profiles were provided by two lidar systems based on the Raman technique. The lidar system in Napoli, Italy is based on Xe:F excimer laser ((lambda) equals 351 nm), the system in Potenza, Italy is based on a Nd:YAG laser operating both on the 2nd (532nm) and 3rd (355nm) harmonics. Precipitable water (PW) measurements were provided during daytime by a grating spectrometer observing solar spectral irradiance at differentially absorbing channels in the wing of (rho) (sigma) (tau) water vapor band. Night and daytime PW measurements were provided using TOVS and AVHRR packages flying on NOAA satellites. Split window technique on two differentially absorbing AVHRR channels in the 11 micrometers region has been used in order to provide PW amounts with a spatial resolution of approximately 2 Km. The standard ITPP processing for TOVS package has been used in order to obtain PW estimates at lower spatial resolution (about 40 Km). Night and daytime radiosonde measurements have been performed during the last part of the campaign. All the simultaneous independent measurements have been analyzed and the results compared.


The perceptual-motor impairments of individuals with Down syndrome (DS) are attributed to central (e.g., neurophysiology deficits that affect the retrieval or initiation of motor programs) and peripheral (e.g., anatomical deficits relating to issues with inertia of limb mechanics and muscle organization) processes. However, recent research suggests that central deficits do not affect the integration between movements. We investigate the impact of central and peripheral DS deficits on movement integration by examining the planning and execution of multiple-target multiple-arm movements. Individuals with DS, typically developing (TD), and individuals with an undifferentiated intellectual disability (UID) completed five aiming tasks: a one target; a one-arm, two-target extension; a two-arm, two-target extension (movement one was performed with one arm and movement two performed with the other); a one-arm, two-target reversal; and a two-arm, two-target reversal. Movement times (MTs) to the first target were l...


The present study was a undertaken to diagnose Anaplasma marginale in naturally infected crossbred cows and to determine its effect on haemato-biochemical profile. Blood samples were collected from animals (200) for detection of the rickettsial organism by direct smear and direct blood PCR based techniques targeting the major surface protein 5 (MSP-5). Direct blood PCR revealed a 382-bp amplified fragment in positive control samples. When random blood samples were screened under light microscope and direct blood PCR method, 7.5% of samples were positive under microscopic examination whereas PCR analysis revealed 10.5% samples positive for A. marginale. The infected group (25) showed significantly decreased levels of TEC, Hb and PCV than healthy control animals. However, differences in the red blood cell indices were non-significant indicating normocytic normochromic anaemia in affected crossbred cattle. Serum samples (25) of infected cows showed significantly higher values of ALT, AST, BUN, creatinine and TBIL than that of healthy control. A significant decrease of TSP and albumin was also recorded in the infected cows compared to healthy control. The standardized PCR method of the present investigation may be useful for rapid and accurate diagnosis of A. marginale in subclinical/carrier animals as the whole blood could be directly used. Haemato-biochemical studies concluded that anaemia and erythrophagocytosis are considered to be the major components of this disease and adversely affect liver and soft tissue of the affected animals.


Dislocations of the lumbar vertebrae may be due to:— (1) Congenital malformation. (2) Chondro or osteo-dystrophy. (3) Trauma. (4) Disease processes. The congenital malformations which have been ascribed as the cause for dislocation of the lumbar vertebrae are those affecting the articular processes and the neural arch. It has been shown by numerous observers that the articular processes of the fifth lumbar vertebra and first sacral vertebra vary considerably in their sizes and the disposition of their articular surfaces and that the two sides may be asymmetrical. Recognising the strength of the part, it is difficult to believe that this could alone be the cause of the dislocation, and I have seen no case in which this could be said to be the only factor concerned. At the same time, it is conceivable that when the articulations are on a horizontal or an oblique plane, a less severe degree of trauma may cause dislocation than would produce the deformity in the normally developed spine. One would imagine that ...


Taking agriculture system theory as the guide and the decision demand of precision agriculture as the starting point,intelligent decision technology system of precision agriculture was constructed based on the spatial-temporal characteristics and uncertainty of agricultural production.And the methods for combining intelligent decision technology with demand of precision agriculture were put forward.


T he 2018 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC 2018) will be held 7–10 October at Seagaia Convention Center in Miyazaki, Japan. The Science Council of Japan (SCJ) and the IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society (SMCS) are cohosting this year's conference. The SCJ describes itself on its website as "the representative organization of the Japanese scientist community ranging over all fields of sciences subsuming humanities, social sciences, life sciences, natural sciences, and engineering" (http://www.scj.go.jp/en/ index.html). It is our great privilege and honor to host SMC 2018 with the SCJ and the 30 Japanese scientific societies that are cooperating in the conference. At SMC 2018, we plan to incorporate several innovative components in the program, including poster presentations, the Women in Engineering Workshop, and the Brain–Machine Interface Workshop. The conference theme is "The Making of a HumanCentered Cyber World." We are working to provide an excellent opportunity to vigorously discuss how to make a human-centered cyber world in our rapidly changing lives by fusing artificial intelligence, big-data analysis, and the Internet of Things.


The invention discloses a producing method of the electronic grade phosphorus oxychloride, which takes the 99.999 percent high pure yellow phosphorus or red phosphorus and industrial chlorine as the material, and the producing method is synthesizing the high pure yellow phosphorus or red phosphorus and the dried industrial chlorine into PC13 primary product in a flask; after that, distilling the PC13 primary product, fetching the distillate fraction in 74.5 DEG C to 77.5 DEG C and obtaining the PC13 product; subsequently, putting the PC13 product into a glass flask which is provided with a back flow device, and filling chorine drop for reaction; after the reaction with filled chorine and back flow, the POC13 product is obtained; once the temperature is up to 101 DEG C to 105 DEG C, starting distilling, then fetching the distillate fraction in 104 DEG C to 109 DEG C, and obtaining the semi finished product of POCl3; finally, rectifying the semi finished product of POCl3 and obtaining the electronic grade POC13 product with fineness of 99.99999 percent. Compared with the prior art, the method of the invention has the advantages of easy material purchasing, moderate technological condition and low product cost as well as guaranteed product quality.


Rate constants and activation parameters were measured for the self-exchange of CpM(CO) 3 − with CpM(CO) 3 X in CD 3 CN solvent. For the X=halogen exchanges, the role of the M(I) («metal radical») state is considered, and it is condluded that the latter isovalent state is not an intermediate for these systems. However, the isovalent state may serve to stabilize the transition state for two-electron transfer between the metal centers through configuration interaction. Our results, taken with those for other X=halogen systems, indicate that effective transfer of X + may be intrinsically rapid when both reactants are 18-electron species and steric factors are favorable


In the Indian economy, the real estate industry is of significant importance as it contributes between 6-8% to the Indian gross domestic product (GDP). Indian real estate building has fantastic growth prospects. Some Challenges such as Waste generation, Lack of skilled labour, Time overrun, Cost Overrun, Low Productivity etc. Average cost of waste as Proportion of cost of the project, excluding the cost of Performance varied from 5.38% to 14.70%.for Waste reduction and improve the productivity construction companies have started improvement through Lean Construction. It is essential to recognize waste and its related root causes at Indian construction sites in order to adopt lean principles, in which a major focus is on waste minimization. To evaluate the goals and functionalities of each LC instrument, a systematic literature review will be carried out. The functionality of lean software must be consistent with the accompanying procedures in order to effectively implement LC. The work presented would assist construction project management in making informed decisions on construction sites to schedule, handle, and monitor work activities related to equipment.


The goal of this paper is to develop equalizers which can provide soft information to channel decoders for use in the single or the initial stage of iteration, of equalization and decoding architectures, especially for difficult channel to equalize. We propose an equalization structure by combining noncausality, bidirectionality and soft processing, and then we apply the soft Noncausal and Bidirectional DFE for North American HDTV terrestrial broadcast and EDGE cellular standard to examine its performance.


The control problem of unicycle-like vehicles such as mobile robots is considered. More exactly, we propose the use of a linear parameter varying (LPV) approach to obtain both stabilization of the kinematic model together with high accuracy in trajectory tracking. This objective has been achieved by exploiting the advantages offered by linear matrix inequality (LMI) theory and by introducing in the synthesis phase a tight limit on the peak value of control signals.


Robust adaptive time-varying formation control problems for high-order linear multi-agent systems with parameter uncertainties and external disturbances are investigated. Firstly, using the adaptive updating mechanism, a fully distributed time-varying formation control protocol is proposed. The protocol is determined by each agent in a fully distributed form and does not need any global information about the interaction topology. Then, time-varying formation feasible conditions and an approach to expand the feasible formation set are presented. Furthermore, the stability of the proposed approach is proved based on the Lyapunov theory. Finally, a simulation example is given to verify the effectiveness of the theoretical results.


One of our editorial policies is to provide a forum for discussion on various key issues in our field. This is important because there are many different vantage points to some issues. The Forum section allows individuals to reflect on these matters from their own viewpoints. In the following article, Dr. Richard Iano broadens the discussions that have appeared in this journal on theory and practice in our field. He specifically addresses what he believes to be an inadequate conception of teaching.— JLW


damping-bars of salient-pole synchronous machine are broken occasionally.Variable-frequency salient-pole synchronous motor(VSSM) is used in bad conditions,such as steel rolling.starting-up,braking and pulsing loads,which often impact on the damping-bars.Thus damping system faults occur frequently.Taking VSSM of Benxi steel mill as an example,current and magnetic force in damping-bars that created by rotor eccentricity are analyzed by field-circuit coupling time-stepping FEM in this paper.Calculation results show that current and magnetic force in damping-bars increase sharply with rotor eccentricity.This is a cause of broken damping-bars.


On the basis of the SU(6) crossO(3) quark model, the vector mesons psi (3105) and psi' (3695) are interpreted as orbital excitations of $omega$ and phi. New mesons rho-tilde (3100) (GAMMA/sub rho-tilde/


1::r Gilbert R. Barnhart has been appointed · chief of the Division of Research Grants and Demonstrations of the Office of Vocational Rehabilitation. Mr. Barnhart will be responsible for administering the grants made to public and private organizations by OVR in support of ·research and demonstration projects in disability problems, as well as the program of research fellowships for the development of competent research workers. Mr. Barnhart was associated for several years with programs of research and demonstration for the Urban Renewal Administration of the Housing and Home Finance Agency. Prior to his appointment, Mr. Barnhart was executive director of the Citizens Advisory Committee to the City Council of Cambridge, Massachusetts, engaged in research and planning for urban renewal. Mr. Barnhart is a native of Brooklyn, New York. He holds an A.B. degree from Syracuse University and earned M.A., M.P.A., and Ph.D. degrees from Harvard University.


The impacts of climate change are increasingly visible from time to time, where it's also arisen in the agricultural sector, including chili cultivation. In order to solve this problem, we need to know how climate factors actually impacts chili production. This study aimed to find out which and how climate factors impacted chili production, also the optimum point of each factor in regard of its impact on chili production. In this study, we used secondary data from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the Climate Change Knowledge Portal (World Bank) with data ranging from 1961 to 2021 (61 years). Regression analysis using a quadratic model is used to determine the impact of climatic factors on chili production. The analysis shows that the mean and minimum temperatures, followed by rainfall have a significant impact on chili production with an optimum point of 25.20°C; 20.95°C; and 2,751.54 mm respectively.


Fraunhofer IOF presents a laser-optical setup that enables the parallel manipulation of ions in an ion-trap for quantum computer. The unit creates focus spots less than 2 microns wide that allow for addressing ions in a chain, having a variable pitch around 5 micron. The implemented and individual movement of each focus creates versatile qubit manipulation on the single level, is demonstrated for 10 ions in a row and can be scaled up to ca. 50 ions easily. Also a roadmap towards compact designs by micro-optics based system integration is derived.


Introduction In the syndrome of idiopathic isosexual precocious puberty, events similar to those which occur at puberty occur at an abnormally early age.1-3The selection of ages demarcating "normal" from "precocious" may be based on the observations of Nicolson and Hanley,4 who found the earliest pubertal changes in North American girls (breast budding) to occur at a mean age of 10.6 years with a standard deviation of 1.2 years. In boys, the mean age for the earliest pubertal change (enlargement of the external genitals) was 11.8 years with a standard deviation of one year. Assuming a normal frequency distribution, abnormal or precocious development may be defined as development beginning more than three standard deviations earlier than the mean age or 7 years in girls and 8.8 years in boys. This definition excludes some of the patients included by other writers1-3,5but, in view of available information in this


According to Heidegger, we are living in an ever worsening 'worldnight', whose fundamental nihilism is due to an 'abandonment by Being' (Seinsverlassenheit) or a 'forgetting of Being' (Seinsvergessenheit). In this paper, I attempt to clarify the notion of an 'abandonment by Being' through an examination of two themes prominent in Heidegger's later philosophy: Being as 'event' (Ereignis); and the obscure 'mystery' or 'secret' of Being. 'Seinsvergessenheit' is interpreted as a forgetting of the mystery or secret of Being which is the 'ontological difference' between Being and beings, i.e. between some concrete revelation of a world and the conditions which make possible any revelation whatsoever. Since these conditions make up that ontological structure which is Dasein and since Dasein is human being, to forget Being is to be in a condition of profound self‐estrangement. The origin and growth of this condition constitutes the history of metaphysics, which unfolds as the history of a progressive increase in ...


Objective To study the protective effects of terlipressin on the renal function of recipients after liver transplantation.Methods Among 35 cases receiving orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT),16 cases were given terlipressin (group T):continuous infusion of terlipressin (1mg) into the vein immediately after the operation,twice every day for 3-4 days;19 cases were given dopamine and procaine (group D):continuous infusion of dopamine (40 mg) and procaine (0.5 g) into the vein immediately after the operation,twice every day for 3-5 days.In both two groups,the serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels were normal before the operation. Serum creatinine,urea nitrogen,serum β2 microglobulin and urine amount were determined.Results Serum creatinine,urea nitrogen,serum β2 microglobulin and urine amount were increased significantly at 5th day after operation in both two groups (P<0.05).As compared with group D,urea nitrogen and serum β2 microglobulin were decreased,while the urine amount increased significantly at 5th day after operation in group D (P<0.05).Three cases (18.8%) in group T,and10 cases (52.6% ) in group D developed RFALT at 5th day after operation (P<0.05).Conclusion Terlipressin can protect the renal function of recipients after liver transplantation,and it can more effectively provide good recovery conditions for the recipients who develop RFALT after liver transplantation.

Key words:
Terlipressin;  Liver transplantation;  Kidney failure


Some southern beeches in the Andes have plumbed deeper for moisture as the surface has dried up. But doing so may deplete resources and undermine the trees' future health.


A computer-aided design (CAD) tool may identify don't care bits in configuration data. The don't care bits in the configuration data may change polarity without affecting the functionality of the circuit design. The CAD tool may compute an error check code (e.g., parity bits for a two-dimensional parity check) and insert the error check code into the configuration data. As an example, the CAD tool may replace don't care bits in the configuration data with the error code. The configuration data may be stored in configuration memory cells on a programmable integrated circuit, thereby implementing the circuit design with the error code on the programmable integrated circuit. During execution, the programmable integrated circuit may execute error checking and detect and correct errors in the configuration data based on the embedded error code.


BACKGROUND
 Low economic status has been highlighted as a factor affecting vulnerability to COVID-19 infection.

 OBJECTIVE
 This study aimed to investigate the association of income level with susceptibility to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and COVID-19 morbidity and mortality.

 METHODS
 Using the Korea National Health Insurance COVID-19 Database cohort, medical claim data from 2015 through 2020 were collected. A total of 7,943 patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 from 1 January 2020 to 4 June 2020 were included. A total of 118,914 participants had negative COVID-19 PCR tests. Income levels were classified by 20th percentiles based on 2019 Korean National Health Insurance premiums. The 20th percentile income levels were categorized into three groups (low, middle, and high). The relation of income level with susceptibility to COVID-19 and COVID-19 morbidity and mortality was analyzed using logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), and hypertension. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to age, sex, CCI score, and history of hypertension.

 RESULTS
 A high income level was related to lower odds of COVID-19 infection (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.75–0.83, P <.001). The negative association between income level and COVID-19 infection was maintained in all subgroups. Income level did not show an association with COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in the overall study population or in the subgroup analyses.

 CONCLUSIONS
 Patients with low income levels were susceptible to COVID-19 infection. However, there was no relation of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality with income level in the Korean population.


ABSTRACT Psychosocial implications of breast cancer diagnosis in families typically focused on marital and mother-daughter relationships. The lack of sibling-oriented perspectives on this phenomenon led this present study to investigate the experiences of Filipino women living with a sister diagnosed with breast cancer. Using the phenomenological approach of inquiry, semi-structured interviews were conducted to twelve purposively sampled women recruited from the Breast Care Center-Philippine General Hospital between January to February 2017. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis. Findings revealed that the participants have encountered many facets of the impact of the cancer journey, and these oftentimes led to unwanted personal and familial adjustments. Hence, improving the provision of services that address the psychosocial effects of cancer is warranted.


Purpose – The university environment is experiencing important changes that have to be managed in order to ensure the university's survival. One of the most notable changes is the appearance of a new kind of student who wants to update and/or expand his/her knowledge. This has caused universities to expand their educational offer through seminars, Master's programmes, special courses. This work endeavours a dual objective: to analyse the elements that determine the attendees' satisfaction with the stated courses; and to analyse the relationship between the satisfaction experienced by the course attendees and their loyalty to the institution that offers the courses.Design/methodology/approach – The information from a survey of the attendees of these kinds of courses at a Spanish university has been used.Findings – The work herein developed shows how the teaching staff, the teaching methods and course administration are key elements to achieving student satisfaction and their subsequent loyalty.Research lim...


Isozyme variation was studied in 94 isolates of Phytophthora colocasiae originating from Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam. Eight polymorphic enzyme systems (HK, PGM, PGI, Gluco, MDH, ICD, 6PDH, ME) revealed 52 isozyme patterns (zymotypes), each uniquely characterized by the presence or absence of 60 electromorphs. A core sample of 20 isolates was subsequently analysed with RAPD markers. Seven primers were used successfully and all profiles were reproducible. Clear bands were revealed and, in some cases, allowed differentiation between isolates exhibiting identical zymotypes. Results indicate that throughout this vast geographic region, taro leaf blight is caused by numerous and distinct strains that are genetically variable. Variation occurs within and between countries. The geographical distribution of zymotypes shows that none is common to two different countries. Although the differences in pathogenicity are not yet established, different P. colocasiae genotypes are likely to recombine and evolve rapidly as this species is heterothallic. From these results, a long-term breeding strategy is recommended for taro (Colocasia esculenta) based on recurrent selection using a wide genetic base composed of carefully selected parents from diverse geographic origins to maximize multigenic resistance in progenies.


Keywords: Social Software ; CSCW ; Web 2.0 Note: Prj_elogbook Reference LA-PRESENTATION-2007-001 URL: http://www11.in.tum.de/persons/kochm/ecscw2007ws/ Record created on 2007-09-14, modified on 2017-05-10


We develop a method for transmission stabilization and robust dynamic switching for colliding optical soliton sequences in broadband waveguide systems with nonlinear gain and loss. The method is based on employing hybrid waveguides, consisting of spans with linear gain and cubic loss, and spans with linear loss, cubic gain, and quintic loss. We show that amplitude dynamics is described by a hybrid Lotka-Volterra (LV) model, and use the model to determine the physical parameter values required for enhanced transmission stabilization and switching. Numerical simulations with the coupled nonlinear Schr\"odinger equations confirm the predictions of the LV model, and show stable transmission over distances larger by an order of magnitude compared with uniform waveguides with linear gain and cubic loss. Moreover, multiple on-off and off-on dynamic switching events are demonstrated over a wide range of soliton amplitudes, showing the superiority of hybrid waveguides compared with static switching in uniform waveguides, considered in earlier studies.


The room temperature thermal diffusivity evolution of electrochemically formed porous silicon as a funtion of the etching time is investigated. The measurements were carried out using the open-cell photoacoustic technique. The experimental data were analized using a composite two layer model. The results obtained strongly support the existing studies indicating the presence of a hogh percentaje of SiO2 in the composition of porous silicon material.


The pathogenic significance of anti-acetylcholine receptor ( AChR) antibody in myasthenia gravis (MG) has been demonstrated. Anti-AChR antibody production appears to be under the control of T-cells and the disturbance in a regulatory T-cell system might be related to the appearance of the autoantibody. The purpose of this paper is to investigate possible abnormalities of T-cells in MG patients by studying in vitro production of anti-AChR antibody by lymphocytes. Lymphocytes from the thymus glands of MG patients were used in some experiments.


The most practical process seemed to us to be the extraction of lunar oxygen and the extraction of metals and ceramics from the residues of the reduction process. The growth of space activity will be accompanied by increased demand for liquid oxygen for rocket propellant. In particular, any lunar base activity will require tens of tons of oxygen for each round trip to the Moon. And, of course, the oxygen and the intermediary product water will be needed for life support at the base. The reduced metals and ceramics may be considered byproducts or may develop into primary products. Some of the same processes would be directly applicable to recovery of products from asteroids. We also discussed other processes for directly utilizing asteroid metals.


This Thesis is devoted to stationary traffic in the urban neighborhood Přerov - Předmosti. Principal aim is analyze current situation propose a new parking spaces in this neighborhood. The first part contains an analysis of street space, including its participants, the issue of parking, another part of the city characterized. The last part is devoted to the design of new parking spaces.


Experiments were carried out in mice irradiated with 500 r, investigating stimulation of regeneration of hematopoiesis by centain nucleotides and -sides injected after irradiation. The results were evaluated by survival, the blood picture, the mitotic index in the bone marrow, and DNA synthesis in the spleen. Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotides had a positive effect, while under the given conditions the other substances tested (pyrimidine deoxyribonucleosides, purine deoxyribonucleotides and some ribonucleotides) did not promote regeneration. The authors assume that pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotides are one of the factors determining physiological proliferation of hematopoietic cells or spontaneous regeneration of hematopoiesis after irradiation. (auth)


Action of the oral mucosa-dressing "Softach (R) A" on the wound healing process of rat palatal mucosa was investigated based on the histological and histometrical evaluation for the purpose to explain the clinical effectiveness of this material on the healing of mucosal defects as in traumatic injury and aphthous stomatitis. In the experimental group, the dressing was applied immediately after making the wound and left for 8 hours under anesthesia and detached spontaneously after awaking. The dressing material was firmly attached to the wound surface, at least, for 8 hours. Histometrically it was indicated that both the extension of regenerated oral epithelium and the reestablishment of keratinized squamous epithelium were more significantly promoted at 72 hours after wound formation in the experimental group than in the control group. From histological findings it was also shown that the fibrin matrix was more substantially preserved at 8 hours after surgery under the dressing compared with the open wound. The present results would suggest that the application of Softach (R) A to the oral wound is effective to accelerate the epithelial regeneration by maintaining an adequate environment for the wound probably due to blockage of external irritation such as bacterial infection.


Crustal faults accommodate slip either by a succession of earthquakes or continuous slip, and in most instances, both these seismic and aseismic processes coexist. Recorded seismicity and geodetic measurements are therefore two complementary data sets that together document ongoing deformation along active tectonic structures. Here we study the influence of stable sliding on earthquake statistics. We show that creep along the San Andreas Fault is responsible for a break of slope in the earthquake size distribution. This slope increases with an increasing creep rate for larger magnitude ranges, whereas it shows no systematic dependence on creep rate for smaller magnitude ranges. This is interpreted as a deficit of large events under conditions of faster creep where seismic ruptures are less likely to propagate. These results suggest that the earthquake size distribution does not only depend on the level of stress but also on the type of deformation.


Starting with the flat space-time relativistic versions of Maxwell-Heaviside's toy model vector theory of gravity and introducing the gravitational analogues for the electromagnetic Lienard-Wiechert potentials together with the notion of a gravitational Thomas Precession; the observed anomalous perihelion advance of Mercury's orbit is here explained as a relativistic effect in flat (Minkowski) space-time, unlike Einstein's curved space-time relativistic explanation. In this new explanation for the old paradoxical observation of Mercury's perihelion shift, the predicted value of the effect happens to coincide with Einstein's predicted value in General relativity.


Patient safety "improved slightly" from 2000 to 2005 yet other areas of health care improved "at significantly greater rates," the federal Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) announced in March.

The fifth annual National Healthcare Quality Report states that patient safety


R | SHE FEW scholars who have published studies on Virginia speech have 1 limited their observations to that part of the state lying east of the Blue Ridge mountains. Professor Edwin Shewmake in his English Pronunciation in Virginia (192y) says that by the word Virginia he means Eastern Virginia. He claims that differences in historical background and the separation by mountains of the western from the eastern counties ptevent consideration of any but the eastern counties in a study of typical Virginia speech. It is true, of course, that in the northern part of the Shenandoah Valley a strong admixture of Pennsylvania Dutch speech may be found, and that the speech of the western part of the state, in general, is more like that of West Virginia than it is like the speech of the Eastern Shore. However, a comprehensive survey of speech in Virginia should include the counties of the Shenandoah Valley and southwest Virginia as well as those of the Piedmont and Eastern Shore regions. My tables for these notes are drawn from recordings of lol girls, whom I have grouped in three geographical sections, roughly dividing the state into Eastern, Central, and Western Virginia. The Eastern section includes those counties usually classified as Eastern Shore, Northern Neck, Tidewater, and Southeastern Virginia; the Central section includes Southside, Middle, and Piedmont Virginia; the Western section includes Southwestern Virginia, the Shenandoah Valley, and the Allegheny Ridges. I have recorded the speech of 36 Eastern, 34 Central, and 31 Western Virginia girls, all of them from representative middle class families, most from small towns and rural districts. The subjects were students in a state college


This paper derives a reverse logistic inventory model with imperfect production, stock-dependent demand, flexible manufacturing, and shortages over infinite planning horizon. The objective is to determine the joint policy for optimal production, amount of remanufacturing, collection of reusable items, and collection as well as disposal of defective items which minimizes the total cost of the inventory system under consideration. To make the model more realistic, both of the cases of linear and nonlinear holding costs have been discussed. The results are discussed with a numerical example to illustrate the theory.


Compliance is a major problem in the treatment of schizophrenia. Several oral second-generation antipsychotics drugs are available for schizophrenia management. Non-compliance and limited availability as oral drugs limits the benefits. Second-generation antipsychotics long-acting injectable (LAIs) shows more controlled treatment of negative symptoms of schizophrenia and better therapy adherence as compared to first-generation LAIs. Various new innovative technologies that utilize fully bioresorbable/biodegradable polymers as a long acting polymers which allow for increased performance of new and existing pharmaceutical drugs for the development of LAIs, which includesMedisorb ® , Monospheres ® , and SABER ™ depot technologies.


The primary endpoint for each trial was the percentage of patients who experienced World Health Organization Grade 2 or greater bleeding. A noninferiority margin of 11% was chosen based on an expected Grade 2 or greater bleeding in 20% of control patients. The study was terminated for economic considerations before reaching the planned sample size of 828 patients. The intention-totreat (ITT) analysis was conducted on 424 evaluable patients.


The authors present a technical review of 25 pollicisations and define the indications based on their own experience. Pollicisation remains a good solution to restore the function of the adult thumb after injury sparing functional integrity and enhancing the value of stumps.


Background & Aims : Some oral mucosal diseases display clear predispositions toward certain sites of occurrence. Oral lichen planus is one such disease, and is thought to have some relationships with cell-mediated immunity leading to a tendency to develop on the buccal mucosa. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of Langerhans cells in various sites of oral mucosa. Methods : Immunohistochemical examination using an anti-S100 antibody was performed for 47 samples of healthy oral mucosa and skin. Results : S100-positive cells were more frequent in lining mucosa than in masticatory mucosa. Significantly more S100-positive cells were found in buccal mucosa than in other sites. Conclusions : Langerhans cells are positive for S100 and are thought to represent antigen-presenting cells. These cells were most frequent in buccal mucosa, a result that is in accordance with the predisposition of oral lichen planus.


Thin films are typically designed to transmit or reflect light based upon spectral performance. The films can be designed with very specific wavelength targets. For Applied Coatings' customers, the wavelengths in question are typically in or around the visible range. Accurate measurements are required for customer satisfaction. An in-process quality check utilizing a scanning monochromator system has been used successfully for several years. The ability to receive support into the new millennium on the generic system that has been in place has driven a new project. The project, called the Scanning Monochromator Measurement System (SaMMS), is key to Applied Coatings, Inc. continued ability to produce both high quality and volume for the many diverse customers' products. The SaMMS system was originally designed to offer a Graphical User Interface (GUI) interaction between user and machine where there was previously a menu driven text format. The author of the original code was no longer in Applied Coatings, Inc. employ, the hardware that it ran on was no longer going to be supported by the original vendor, and spare parts were not readily available. A completely new measurement system was needed. I have been involved in development, integration, and installation of the SaMMS software; testing and calibration of the photodiode array spectrophotometers purchased; design, alignment, and testing of the light collection stations; and training, documentation, and justification at all levels for the end user.


A kinetic equation for the density of dislocations, which reflects the main stages of the formation of dislocation structures of different types in a shock wave, has been formulated based on the analysis of the interaction of two kinetic processes described by reaction-diffusion type equations for densities of mobile dislocations and dislocations forming immobile dipoles, respectively. It has been shown that an inhomoge� neous (cellular) dislocation structure is formed at relatively low pressures behind the front of a shock wave, whereas a uniform distribution of the dislocation density with stacking faults appears at high pressures. The transition from a cellular dislocation density distribution to a uniformly distributed dislocations with stacking faults depends on the stacking fault energy γD of the metal: the lower is the stacking fault energy, the lower is the pressure in the shock wave σc at which the cellular dislocation structure transforms into the structure with a uniform dislocation density distribution. It has been found that the dependence of the critical pressure on the stacking fault energy γ D is described by the law σ c ~ (γ D /μb) 2/3 (where μ is the shear modulus and b is the Burgers vector), which is confirmed in the experiment.


To stop the spread of Covid-19 in the Magelang City region, the vaccination raid action was conducted with RST Dr. Soejdono Magelang. This activity begins in September and runs through December 2021. In the Magelang region, vaccination campaigns aimed at the general public are conducted all around the city. Additionally, RST. Dr. Soedjono delivered a vaccine holder to the hospital with a group of Unimma volunteers. The purpose of this vaccination campaign is to stop Covid-19 from spreading and to spread vaccination against it throughout the Magelang Regency. Data entry, vaccine injection, and vaccination card printing are the tasks completed. The results of this vaccination activity are expected to be able to break the chain of the spread of COVID-19 and facilitate services to the public in getting vaccines.


Analyses the House of Lords judgment in Cobbe v Yeoman's Row Management Ltd in relation to claims by the prospective purchaser under an oral agreement for sale of a block of flats based on proprietary estoppel, a constructive trust and common law restitution brought against the owner of the property who sought to resile from the agreement after the purchaser had, at considerable expense, obtained planning permission to redevelop the property in reliance on assurances given by the owner that if permission was granted the sale would be honoured.


We describe the male reproductive apparatus of the giant hermit crab Petrochirus diogenes, with morphological and biometric analyses of the spermatophore, the gonopore and the ultrastructure of the spermatozoa. Specimens were collected from the southern coast of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Morphological analyses were done using stereoscopic, light, transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The reproductive system of this hermit crab is composed of elon- gate and lobular testes followed by vasa deferentia that connect to the exterior via gonopores. The gonopores are ovoid and surrounded by setae, and each gonopore is composed of a mem- branous operculum that forms a depression constituting the gonopore opening. The gonopore constitutes a unique structure among the Diogenidae due to its number of setae. The spermato- phores are tripartite, composed of a sperm-containing ampulla, a peduncle and a proximal foot. The spermatozoon has 3 main regions (acrosomal vesicle, nucleus and cytoplasm). The structure of the spermatophore indicates that this species can be considered an exception within Dio- genidae with regard to spermatophore morphology and can therefore be used for phylogenetic inferences.


Haemodialysis in the home environment has enabled the use of flexible, longer and more frequent treatment regimens. However, although there are numerous benefits, there are also risks associated with intense dialysis schedules. Karthik K Tennankore shares the findings of his recent review on the pros, cons and target populations for intensified home haemodialysis.


Touch interfaces are appearing in everything from consumer devices to industrial equipment, not because touch is "in fashion," but because it provides a truly better form of human‐device interaction. This article examines the advantages of gesture‐based touch interfaces and the key steps to building a device with a great touch experience.


We are researchers and clinicians working on Alzheimer's disease (AD) or related topics, and we write to express our concern that one particular aspect of the disease has been neglected, even thoug ...


Framework for a switch cabinet, consisting of bottom part, a top part and four vertical frame limbs, wherein the bottom part and / or the ceiling part of two longitudinal and two depth bars are assembled, which are formed from bent portions of an integral stamped and bent part, the Soil - and / or the ceiling portion in the four corner regions have outwardly open receptacles into which used the vertical frame legs and are connected to the floor and / or ceiling frame, and wherein the longitudinal and depth bars forming Abkantabschnitte in the range of shots in two levels centering, support surfaces and welding edges for the employed einzuschweisenden and vertical frame members form, characterized, that the bottom and / or the cover part (20) each having a closed, facing away from the interior of the framework outer plate (AP) which that the forming, the longitudinal and depth bars (30 and 40) Abkantabschnitte to the interior of the framework towards vertical distance portions (33, 43) which are in horizontal, outwardly directed support sections (32, 42) pass, that the ...


The stochastic transport in a medium containing traps is described in terms of a subordination technique in which the physical time is regarded as a random quantity given by a density distribution. The traps are assumed to be nonhomogeneously distributed and the subordination method is modified by introducing a position-dependent intensity of a random time distribution. The problem resolves itself to a Langevin equation with a multiplicative noise which defines a process subsequently subordinated to the random time. Moreover, the random stimulation in a form of the Lévy stable distribution is assumed. In the absence of an external potential, the diffusion process is described by the variance which can be finite because an additional multiplicative noise is introduced at some position and effectively makes the system bounded. The diffusion exponent is evaluated and it is demonstrated that it varies with the stability index only if traps are nonhomogeneously distributed. The density distribution converges to a stationary state when a potential is introduced and the relaxation process is analysed for the linear case. The relaxation pattern for the long time always corresponds to the asymptotics of the Mittag–Leffler function but the effective relaxation time strongly depends on the nonhomogeneity parameter.