Background: Human
cancer cell lines express human choriogonadotropin (hCG), its
subunits and derivatives, regardless of their origin and type. It appears that
hCG is a common phenotype in human cancer cell lines. In this research,
the effects of hCG targeting monoclonal
antibodies (7D9, T18H7 and T8B12) on
human cancer cell lines were evaluated. Methods: Monoclonal
antibody secreting hybridomas were proliferated and injected intraperitoneally
to Balb/C mice after treatment with pristine. Two weeks later, ascites fluid
was collected. Purification of aforementioned antibodies from ascites fluid was
performed using G-protein affinity followed by
ion exchange chromatography. SDS-PAGE and ELISA
confirmed the structure and functional integrity of the purified antibodies,
respectively. Two human cancer cell lines "Hela" and "MDA"
were treated by the purified antibodies. Three days later, different wells were
imaged and the cells counted. Results: SDS-PAGE gel
(None-reducing) indicated consistency of band migration patterns with control
antibodies. ELISA test using hCG
antigens indicated that the produced antibodies could detect hCG
antigens. Cell lines were cultured and treated with different concentrations of
each antibody. Counting and imaging different wells of treated plates,
indicated that 7D9 antibody had a more significant (P Conclusion: HCG targeting monoclonal
antibodies can be used for targeted cancer therapy, as human cancer
cells express hCG gene. 7D9 antibody that exhibits protease activity is a
proper candidate for this purpose, as it possesses both antagonistic and
enzymatic properties.


The Anthropology of Tribal and Peasant Pastoral Societies: The Dialectics of Social Cohesion and Fragmentation. UGO FABIETTI and PHILIP CARL SALZMAN, eds. Pavia, Italy: Ibis, 1996. 472 pp., figures, notes, bibliography, contributors.


To find out the causes of sudden explosion of the newly-installed high pressure electric gate valve during pipe warming before start-up of the steam turbine,the exploded valve body was checked,and the physical and chemical inspection for the material was carried out.The results showed that the valve material meets relevant quality requirement.Through analysis of seeping water in the chamber and its inner pressure,the explosion cause was found out: the condensate seeped into the chamber,and during pipe warming the condensate temperature kept rising.Consequently the pressure in the chamber kept rising,too,which caused valve explosion when the pressure exceeded the bearable limit of the valve.Measures to prevent reoccurrence of similar accidents are put forward.


For pathogens that must be treated with combinations of antibiotics and acquire resistance through genetic mutation, knowledge of the order in which drug‐resistance mutations occur may be important for determining treatment policies. Diagnostic specimens collected from patients are often available; this makes it possible to determine the presence of individual drug resistance‐conferring mutations and combinations of these mutations. In most cases, these specimens are only available from a patient at a single point in time; it is very rare to have access to multiple specimens from a single patient collected over time as resistance accumulates to multiple drugs. Statistical methods that use branching trees have been successfully applied to such cross‐sectional data to make inference on the ordering of events that occurred prior to sampling. Here, we propose a Bayesian approach to fitting branching tree models that has several advantages, including the ability to accommodate prior information regarding measurement error or cross resistance and the natural way it permits the characterization of uncertainty. Our methods are applied to a data set for drug‐resistant TB in Peru; the goal of the analysis was to determine the order with which patients develop resistance to the drugs commonly used for treating TB in this setting. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this study was to explore the impact of metformin and metformin/gliptin combination therapy on the serum concentrations of vitamin B12, ferritin, and folic acid in individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: This study included 118 patients, classified into two groups: 59 patients using only metformin and 59 patients using a combination of metformin/gliptin. Among the latter group, 35 patients used vildagliptin/metformin, and 24 used sitagliptin/metformin. The study recorded the demographic data such as the age and gender of the patients, as well as their initial and 1-year follow-up blood parameters. RESULTS: Folic acid decreased significantly in the metformin group but not in the metformin/gliptin group. Vitamin B12 and ferritin decreased significantly in both groups. The decrease in vitamin B12 and ferritin was not significantly different between the two groups. The decrease in fasting plasma glucose was more significant in the metformin/gliptin group than in the metformin group. CONCLUSION: After 1 year, both groups taking metformin and metformin/gliptin showed low serum ferritin and vitamin B12 levels. Therefore, vitamin B12 levels in patients using these drugs should be closely monitored. Ferritin levels can be used to indicate whether glycemic control has been achieved.


International trade law has long been the site of a battle over who or what the state can represent. Today, that battle is taking a new form. While for decades the WTO was considered a centerpiece of the international economic order, the policy landscape is now awash with claims that the US should abandon WTO disciplines, critiques of the WTO as the vehicle for a coherent neoliberalism, and concerns about the implications of trade law for domestic industry, democratic participation, climate action, and national security. While I am a long-standing critic of trade law's excesses, I don't see that sudden shift as a cause for celebration. In order to understand why, I argue that it is necessary to pay careful attention to the different forms the battle for the state at the WTO has taken. This article explores the conditions and stakes of three key moments in that battle – the negotiation of the GATT and the era of decolonization, the end of the Cold War and the creation of the WTO, and the recent transformations caused by the decline of US power, the rise of China, and the systemic shock of climate change. I conclude that we cannot automatically apply critiques developed in earlier eras to the current situation.


Potentially detrimental side effects of adding an organoboron type of biocide to Navy distillate fuels have been investigated. There were no significant differences in such properties as interfacial tension, demulsibility, accelerated storage stability, acidity (neutralization number), and flash point temperature as a result of adding the biocide, when these properties were measured immediately after blending and also after 16 weeks of storage at 75/sup 0/F (24/sup 0/C) or at 110/sup 0/F (43/sup 0/C). Appreciable portions of biocide were leached out of the fuel by water present. No consistent major effects on the operation of a filter/separator were evident, but a reduction of the water content of the effluent fuel was associated with the presence of the biocide. (GRA)


Today laser alloying of Aluminum is a well known technique in order to increase the wear resistance of parts. The process is typically limited in depth to about 1.5 mm. In this study it is shown that a deeper alloying is possible by using the deep penetration effect caused by a highly intensive laser beam. The laser beam is scanned in a circular motion in order to control the track profile. By this manner of alloying it is possible to realize nearly rectangular and comparable deep track geometries.For Aluminum the reflectivity of near infrared wavelengths is comparably high. This makes conventional laser alloying inefficient. The overall absorption of the laser power using the deep penetration effect is comparably high. The evaluation of a deep alloying process is shown in this study.Today laser alloying of Aluminum is a well known technique in order to increase the wear resistance of parts. The process is typically limited in depth to about 1.5 mm. In this study it is shown that a deeper alloying is possible by using the deep penetration effect caused by a highly intensive laser beam. The laser beam is scanned in a circular motion in order to control the track profile. By this manner of alloying it is possible to realize nearly rectangular and comparable deep track geometries.For Aluminum the reflectivity of near infrared wavelengths is comparably high. This makes conventional laser alloying inefficient. The overall absorption of the laser power using the deep penetration effect is comparably high. The evaluation of a deep alloying process is shown in this study.


Preparing the next generation of community college presidents is a responsibility shared by many. A largely untapped source is the president-board team, which has primary responsibility for campus-based presidential leadership development programs.


Friends of the Emir: Non-Muslim State Officials in Premodern Islamic Thought. By Luke B. Yarbrough. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. Pp. xiv + 361. $120 (cloth); $32.99 (paper).


In this paper, the generalized scalar pulse-width modulation technique used in inverters (indirect frequency conversion, AC-DC-AC) is adapted to the matrix converters. It is presented two different strategies to control the input currents: vector control and scalar control. The input current control defines which input voltages are employed to synthesize the output voltages of the matrix converter. Simulations results are used to compare the proposed strategy with the control strategy proposed by Huber and Borojevic.


Inflammation frequently accompanies gallbladder carcinoma (GBC), but its impact on outcome is unclear. The present study investigated the impact of concomitant inflammation on survival of patients with GBC.


Objective To study the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antioxidant, treatment on cardiac remodeling in hypertensive rat, and its mechanisms. Methods Hypertension model was established by coarctation of abdominal aorta. Sixty-five male SD rats were sacrified at 4 or 8th weeks separately after operation with sham operation groups as control. NAC (75 mg/d) was added to the drinking water for 4 weeks starting from 4 weeks after surgery. Blood pressure(BP) was measured by tail-cuff plethysmography and carotid artery catheterization. Echocardiography, cardiac glutathione, matrix metalloproteinase activities, histological analysis and were determined. Results Four weeks after operation, hypertension and decreased LV shortening fraction were shown, which were accentuated further more at 8th weeks. Meanwhile, cardiac glutathione content was decreased significantly. NAC reduced BP (161±6 vs 198±10 mm Hg, P0.05) and LV remodeling in associated with increases in glutathione in myocardium and decrease in matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 and collagen deposition. Conclusion An anti-hypertensive and anti-cardiac remodeling effects on hypertensive rats by NAC was shown which may be related to the increases in cardiac glutathione and inhibition the activities of MMP-2 and MMP-6.


The study of weft printing technology offers a new method for the diversity of textile.Combining the weft printing technology and the traditional handcraft and using the Chenille yarn as main materials,the weft printing reversible pattern fabric was studied elementarily,and it was successfully woven.


A multi-moving target detection technique based on adaptive clustering and alpha-beta filtering is proposed and applied to the detection and tracking of moving targets. The main feature of this algorithm is the adaptive selection of initial cluster centers. Track initiation can be performed for multiple targets at the same time, which reduces the blindness of target search and improves the reliability and efficiency of radar track initiation. Experiments have proved the effectiveness and reliability of the algorithm.


M uscle-eye-brain (MEB) disease is a rare congenital autosomal recessive disorder with around 30 reported cases in the literature. It is 1 of 3 types of congenital muscular dystrophy with severe defects in organogenesis and neuronal migration, and, along with Walker-Warburg syndrome, is associated with ocular abnormalities. Usually, the retina in MEB disease and Walker-Warburg syndrome is described as dysplasic. A detailed histopathologic description has been given, but a clinical description of retinal findings, especially in early disease, is lacking. Herein, we describe detailed retinal findings in a neonate with the diagnosis of MEB disease confirmed by genetic testing.


ABSTRACT The e-marketplace has emerged as a new place for transactions in the online industry. In the e-marketplace, buyers make transactions with whom they have little prior interaction. Thus it makes trust as one of the most important issues in the e-business. There are various kinds of information to foster customer's trust in the e-marketplace. In this study, we analyzed the impact of the information's satisfaction on the customer's transaction intention. The results showed that the satisfaction on the information related to transaction system, individual seller's information, and buyer's feedback are all positively related with the customer's transaction intention.Keywords:e-Marketplace, Transaction System's Information, Seller's Information, Buyer's Feedback, Transaction Intention 1. 서 론 1) 인터넷의 급속한 성장으로 인해 온라인이라는 공간은 새로운 거래 장소로 각광받기 시작했고 이에 따라 온라인 쇼핑 시장은 빠른 속도로 성장하고 있다[3,6,21]. 특히 언제, 어디서나 간편하게 구매할 수 있다는 온라인 거래의 장점은 많은 고객들을 온라인상으로 끌어들이고 있다. 이러한 온라인 쇼핑 시장은 기존의 인터넷 종합 쇼핑몰의 형태와 오픈 마켓의 형태로 나누어 볼 수 있으며[1,5], 두 시장의 차이는


Leakage magnetic field from the rotor end windings affects obviously the electromagnetic losses and temperature of end components in the turbine generator end zone with magnetic screen. As the capacity of turbine generator increases, this effect of rotor end windings has become more prominent. To investigate influence of the extension length of rotor end windings on the electromagnetic and thermal fields in the turbine generator end zone with magnetic screen, three-dimensional transient electromagnetic field model of 1250 MW turbine generator end zone is given. Leakage magnetic field and losses of end components are compared and studied in the end zone under the different extension lengths of rotor end windings. Based on the calculation results of electromagnetic losses (heat sources) and flow network (boundary conditions), three-dimensional fluid-thermal coupling field is calculated in the turbine generator end zone with magnetic screen. Distribution of complex fluid velocity in the end zone is obtained. Influence of the different extension lengths of rotor end windings on the stator-end copper coil, screen plate, finger plate, press plate, magnetic screen, and stator end core is researched in the turbine generator end zone. The accuracy of calculation results is validated by experimental values.


High efficiency of mixing impeller is an important target of the reactor for industrial waste oil purification. The structural and geometric characteristics of mixing impeller is ploted and presented. The shape design and performance analysis of airfoil section in impeller blade is introduced. Then using solidworks software, the design mixing impeller model under the industrial waste oil field is obtained. Finally, the flow characteristics are simulated to learn the performance of design mixing impeller.


The 5 pigs developing the delayed ectopic ventricular arrhythmia in Group I11 survived, and were killed for histological study of the hearts. In the hearts of these animals, a month after ligation, the corresponding areas of the left ventricle were observed to have undergone a massive necrosis leaving a fibrotic thinned out part of the ventricular wall. Acknowledgement. Part of this work was financed by the Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi-16.


Cognitive constructivism is not a unique theoretical framework, pedagogical approach, or epistemology, but a general, metaphorical assumption about the nature of cognition that virtually all cognitive educational researchers accept. Despite this unifying assumption, there are many different cognitive constructivist research programs and theories within the community at large. This article contrasts cognitive constructivism with several other forms of constructivism in the educational research community. It then attempts to represent the range of theoretical approaches within cognitive constructivism, pointing to examples and potential educational applications of cognitive constructivist ideas. Cognitive schema theory receives special attention as an important theoretical perspective that has been relatively neglected in recent theoretical discussions. It is believed to have significant potential for building conceptual bridges between information processing and radical constructivist viewpoints.


Objective To raise the effectiveness of spiral CT scans in diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma and to reduce its rate of misdiagnosis.Methods Clinical imaging and pathological data of 38 patients with gallbladder carcinoma were collected, and the features of CT images for primary gallbladder carcinoma were particularly studied.Results 31 of 38 cases were correctly diagnosed and 7 cases were misdiagnosed before surgical operation. According to CT findings, gallbladder carcinoma could be classified into 3 types: mass type, thick gallbladder wall type and intracystic nodular type. Enhanced CT scans demonstrated that gallbladder carcinoma was enhanced markedly with some homogeneous enhancement and some heterogeneous enhancement.Conclusion Spiral CT scans can clearly detect gallbladder carcinoma and its infringement and metastasis to nearby organs and tissues. The obvious enhancement effect is characteristic finding of gallbladder carcinoma in CT imaging. Spiral CT scans, especially enhancement scans can provide important diagnostic and therapeutic basis for clinicians.


Section 1. Introduction Epidemiology of Cancer: An Overview with a Special Emphasis on Cancer Statistics 2003, Henry Rodriquez and Doug Case Section 2. Pathophysiology of Cancer Role of DNA Methylation in Cancer and Chemotherapy, Y-Yong Qiu, Bernard L. Mirkin, and Rama S. Dwivedi Metals, Metalloids and Cancer, Gabriel Keith Harris and Xianglin Shi Molecular Mechanisms of Asbestos and Silica-induced Lung Cancer, Fei Chen and Val Vallyathan Free Radicals, Environmental Radiation, and Cancer, Okezie I. Aruoma Involvement of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Lung Cancer: Clinical Importance, Nilanjana Maulik and Gautam Maulik Smokeless Tobacco, Oxidative Stress, and Cancer, Manashi Bagchi, Sidney J. Stohs, and Debasis Bagchi The Regulatory Roles of Estrogen in Carcinogenesis: An Overview, Sushanta K. Banerjee, Aminul Islam, and Snigdha Benerjee NSAIDS and Colorectal Cancer, Henry Lynch, Trudy G. Shaw, Jane F. Lynch, and Hemant K. Roy Current Perspectives in Gastric Adenocarcinoma, Clinton Snedegar and Bhaskar Banerjee Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus, Sandeep Tripathy and Bhaskar Banerjee Helicobacter pylori and Gastric Cancer , Shinya Toyokuni Free Radicals, Oxidative Stress and Cancer, Shampa Chatterjee and Aron B. Fisher Biotransformation and Mechanism of Action of Xenobiotics: What Lessons from the Past Forty Years?, Giovanni Pagano and Marco d'Ischia Obesity and Cancer, Harry G. Preuss, Manashi Bagchi, Debasis. Bagchi, and G.R. Kaats Hemangioendothelioma as a Model to Study the Anti-Angiogenic Effects of Dietary Chemopreventive Agents in vivo, Gayle M. Gordillo and Chandan K. Sen Modulation of Late Adverse Effects of Curative Radiation Therapy for Cancer, John Yarnold and Lone Gothard Section 3. Phytopharmaceuticals and Chemoprevention Development of Selected Phytochemicals for Cancer Chemoprevention, Vernon Steele Phytochemicals as Potential Cancer Chemopreventive Agents, Rajendra G. Mehta and John M. Pezzuto History of Natural Supplements in Cancer Therapy and Prevention, Gottumukkala V. Subbaraju and Golakoti Trimurtulu Vitamin C, Vitamin E and b-Carotene in Cancer Chemoprevention, Balz Frei and Jane Higdon Role of Polyphenols, Flavonoids and Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins in Cancer Chemoprevention, Sidhartha Ray and Debasis Bagchi Curcumin Derived from Turmeric (Curcuma longa): A Spice for All Seasons, Bharat B. Aggarwal, Anushree Kumar, Manoj S. Aggarwal, and Shishir Shishodia Tea in Chemoprevention of Cancer, Vaqar Mustafa Adhami, Moammir Hasan Aziz, Nihal Ahmad, and Hasan Mukhtar Phytoestrogens in Cancer Prevention: Characterization and Beneficial Effects of a New Flavanone, Kurarinone, a Major Phytoestrogen Constituent of Sophora flavescens Ait, A. De Naeyer, W. Venden Berghe, D. De Keukeleire, and Guy Haegeman Resveratrol in Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy of Breast Cancer, Wisit Tangkeangsirin and Ginette Serrero Berries and Fruits in Cancer Chemoprevention, Ronald Prior and Jim Joseph Palm Tocotrienols and Cancer, Kalanithi Nesaretnam Pycnogenol and Cancer Chemoprevention, F. Virgili, R. Ambra, R. Canali, and O. Gulati Overview of the Use of Maitake Mushroom and Fraction D in Cancer, Harry G. Preuss, Sensuke Konno, and Debasis Baghci Taxol in Cancer Treatment and Chemoprevention, Sidney J. Stohs Lycopene and Cancer, Theresa Visarius, Rene Gysin, and Angelo Azzi NADH in Cancer Prevention and Therapy, George D. Birkmayer and Jiren Zhang Astaxanthin and Cancer Chemoprevention, John E. Dore Chemopreventive Effects of Selected Spice Ingredients, Young-Joon Surh, Hye-Kyung Na, and Hyong Joo Lee Coenzyme Q10 and Neoplasia: Overview of Experimental and Clinical Evidence, Emile G. Bliznakov, Raj Chopra, and Hemmi N. Bhagavan Probiotics in the Prevention of Cancer, Karen Madsen and John Walker Section 4: Concluding Remarks Do Dietary Antioxidants Really Help Prevent or Treat Cancer?, Jeffrey Blumberg Who Gets Cancer? Do Health Foods, Healthy Living, and Natural Antioxidants Really Help?, Jean Carper


Human Factors Engineering (HFE ) hasa key role in promoting the inclusion of human factors knowledge at design and construction phase of socio-technical systems so as to insure what is known about human performance drivers and limitations is appropriately catered for. The goal is to put the human at the core of the design and built the system to optimise the human contribution to production and minimise potential for design-induced errors minimising risks to health, personal or process safety and environmental performance. This paper describes the cosnideration steming from the experience of the authors in design projects as human factors consultant. This experiences highlighted key gaps and requirements for an optimum human factors engineering.


Meperidine did not alter the respiratory rate of unstimulated cortical slices at concentrations between 5 x 10-4 and 1 x 10-3 M, but these concentrations had a depressive effect on the respiratory rate of KCl-stimulated cortical slices.

Methadone had a diphasic action on the respiratory rate of unstimulated cortical slices, stimulating at 2 x 10-4 and 5 x 10-4 M and depressing at concentrations above 1 x 10-3 M. Methadone depressed the KCl-stimulated respiratory rate of cortical slices at a concentration (1 x 10-4 M) which did not affect the unstimulated rate.

Complete cross-cellular adaptation was seen with methadone in cortical slices adapted to the depressive effect of morphine. There was only a partial cross-adaptation to meperidine. The adaptation to morphine, methadone and meperidine was acutely reversed by an injection of nalorphine to the morphinized rats prior to sacrifice.


Tryptophan transport has been examined in A9 and in mutants resistant to 5‐fluorotryptophan (5‐FT). Evidence indicates that in A9 cells two systems are present for tryptophan transport, which are analogous to the A and L systems found in Ehrlich ascites cells differing, however, in terms of amino acid specificity. Tryptophan uptake via the L system, a high affinity, low capacity system, is Na+ independent and occurs by a counter transport mechanism, while uptake via the A system, a low affinity, high capacity system, is Na+ dependent. Alanine, arginine, lysine, proline, asparagine, and aspartate (listed in order of decreasing inhibitory effect) inhibit tryptophan uptake via the A system from approximately 80‐50% while having no inhibitory effect on the L system. In addition, glutamine which inhibits tryptophan uptake by 80% via the L system only inhibits to the extent of 20% via the A system. Previous kinetic studies of 5FT resistant clone FTr37 indicated system A was altered while the analysis of the effects of the mutation on system L was inconclusive. However, in these studies Na+ independent uptake was not altered in FTr 37 indicating system L was not affected. Amino acid competition studies confirmed this observation and suggested that a change in the specificity of system A had occurred in FTr 37. The amino acid competition studies in FTr 23, indicated that the specificities of both systems differed from A9. The possibility that this change may be due to a single mutational event is discussed.


In the previous study 1 we have been unable to confirm the finding of Sommer 2 and others 3,4 that the H reflex in man is not subject to reinforcement in the same manner as the tendon jerk. Nevertheless it remains possible that the efferents to muscle spindle stretch receptors are an essential link in the pathway for the Jendrassik phenomenon. In animals our present knowledge of the gamma efferent fibers to striated muscle has evolved from techniques where ventral root, dorsal root, or muscle nerve fibers are dissected and recorded separately. Such techniques are hardly applicable in man. The motor fibers to extrafusal muscle fibers as well as the afferents from muscle spindles and tendon receptors are the largestdiameter myelinated nerve fibers, largely in the alpha range, while the fusimotor fibers are predominantly in the small myelinated gamma group. This circumstance provides an approach to funcional study, for the


Graph sampling addresses the problem of selecting a node subset in a graph to collect samples, so that a $K$-bandlimited signal can be reconstructed with high fidelity. Assuming an independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) noise model, minimizing the expected mean square error (MMSE) leads to the known A-optimality criterion for graph sampling, which is expensive to compute and difficult to optimize. In this paper, we propose an augmented objective based on Neumann series that well approximates the A-optimal criterion and is amenable to greedy optimization. Specifically, we show that a shifted A-optimal criterion can be equivalently written as a function of an ideal low-pass (LP) graph filter, which in turn can be approximated efficiently via fast graph Fourier transform (FGFT). Minimizing the new objective, we select nodes greedily without large matrix inversions using a matrix inverse lemma. Further, for the dynamic subset sampling case where node availability varies across time, we propose an extended sampling strategy that replaces offline samples one-by-one in the selected set. For signal reconstruction, we propose an accompanied biased signal recovery strategy that reuses the approximated filter from sampling. Experiments show that our reconstruction is more robust to large noise than the least squares (LS) solution, and our sampling strategy far outperforms several existing schemes.


The ophiolitic melange is consisted of gabbro, plagiogranite and volcanic lava, lacking of metamorphic peridotite, ultramafic cumulate rock and diabase dike unit. The standardized distribution pattern of REE chondrite in gabbro and basic lava of ophiolitic melange, and trace elements of the primitive mantle is nearly flat. There is loss or slight loss in light rare earth, which is similar to the transitional tectonic settings of island arc(IAB) and spreading ridge(MORB), indicating that the ophiolites is probably formed in the fore-arc expansion environment of incipient arc at the bottom of SSZ Oceanic basin.


Domestication of Atlantic salmon started approximately forty years ago, using both artificial and natural selection strategies. Such selection methods are likely to have imposed distinctive selection signatures on the salmon genome. Therefore, identifying differences in selection signatures may give insights into the mechanism of selection and candidate genes of biological and productive interest. Here, we used two complementary haplotype-based statistics, the within-population integrated Haplotype Score test (|iHS|) and the cross-population Extended Haplotype Homozygosity test (XP-EHH) to compare selection signatures in four populations of Atlantic salmon with a common genetic origin. Using |iHS| we found 24, 14, 16 and 26 genomic regions under selection in Pop-A, Pop-B, Pop-C, and Pop-D, respectively. While using the XP-EHH test we identified 27, 25 and 15 potential selection regions in Pop-A/Pop-B, Pop-A/Pop-C and Pop-A/Pop-D, respectively. These genomic regions harbor important genes such igf1r and sh3rf1 which have been associated with growth related traits in other species. Our results contribute to the detection of candidate genes of interest and help to understand the evolutionary and biological mechanisms for controlling complex traits under selection in Atlantic salmon.


Main body consciousness is editors' active consciousness and the strength of main body consciousness determines editors' capability in prevention of improper science.This paper expounds the expression form of editors' main body consciousness in prevention of improper science and advances that editors' subjective capacity can be further raised by making regulations,strengthening the construction of monitoring mechanism,life-long learning and creating healthy environment.


The energy economics of potato and gram crop production operation in Allahabad region is reported in the present study. The main focus of this study was to study the operation and source wise energy inputs for potato and gram crop under traditional and partial mechanized farming system and to analyze and compare the cost benefits of partial mechanised farming over traditional farming. The various operations in the production of crops like sowing, intercultural and harvesting and picking were considered for the operation energy input determination. It was observed that in both crop energy required in sowing, intercultural and harvesting/ picking operation was more in traditional farming. It means that mechanized farming saves the much more energy input in operation and reduces the cost. After analyzing the cost of energy, it was clear that the cost of energy is 1.2 times more in gram crop for traditional farming as compared to mechanized farming. But in potato crop, the cost of energy approx doubles in traditional as compared to mechanized farming. It was also found that mechanized farming of gram crop and potato crop shows the significant saving in operational energy as well.


Trace element metabolism is altered in inflammatory bowel disease, but the concentrations of trace elements in the intestinal mucosa have not yet been investigated. We evaluated the trace element profile in human colon and the influence of mucosal inflammation. During colonoscopy, biopsies were taken from the colon of 23 ulcerative colitis patients, 15 of whom had active disease and seven control patients. Zinc, iron, and selenium were successfully assayed by neutron activation analysis in as much tissue as was contained in three perendoscopic colonic biopsies. Patients with ulcerative colitis had significantly lower zinc and selenium tissue concentrations and higher iron concentrations than control patients. Zinc and iron concentrations were even altered more in the presence of active disease. Ulcerative colitis is associated with an impaired metabolism of trace elements, even at the mucosal level. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 10:217–224, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.


Objectives: The purpose of the study is to determine the prevalence of constipation in the elderly receiving institutional care and associated factors.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive and analytic study was conducted among 108 elderly patients in three institutional care centers in a city. Cognitive functioning of the elderly was screened through the Mini-Cog test and their levels of physical activity were gathered through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form. Diagnosis of constipation was made according to Rome IV criteria. Parametric and non-parametric tests along with logistic regression analysis were utilized in data analysis.
Results: The average age of the participants in the study is 74.16±7.51, 74.1% are female and 46.3% have been receiving institutional care for 2-4 years. It was found that 46.3% of the elderly have constipation and 72% used laxatives. 86% of the elderly in the study stated that they strain too hard during defecation, 86% told that they have hard stool, 72% explained they feel that they have a sensation of incomplete evacuation, 68% told they have a sensation of anorectal obstruction/blockage and 62% stated that they have to manually maneuver to facilitate defecation. It was determined that the prevalence of constipation is significantly higher among females, patients receiving institutional care for a year or less, physically inactive, patients who habitually delay defecation and also among the elderly who consume insufficient amounts of water (p


This study examined the adaptation of hospitality within the hospital environment Maternity San Francisco,located in the city of Niteroi -RJ,considering your application for hospital catering and hospitality services to its customers.The methodology used was the literature survey,access to books,articles and academic texts,all in order to ground and help in the theoretical development of this work.Exploratory research approachwas used with the qualitative study.Data collection was done through classroom observations script.The instruments for collecting data for this study were drawn from daily observation from the consulted literature. It was found that the San Francisco Maternity an organization which cares for the good service and excellent customer service. This study verified the importance of integrating the hospitality and catering adapted in hospitals,in addition to the high level of services offered by Motherhood San Francisco in the city of Niteroi -RJ.


The Shi'a of Lebanon have emerged in the last 20 years to become a major force in Lebanese politics having long been a marginalised political community. Rodger Shanahan's book examines the reasons behind this transformation from a largely rural population dominated by a handful of elite families, to an assertive sectarian force whose new found power is exemplified by the emergence of Shi'a parties such as Amal and Hizballah. In this highly useful study Shanahan explores the development of the Shi'a community from the imposition of French mandatory rule, through independence and the bloody civil war to the withdrawal of Israeli forces from South Lebanon in 2000.


Spontaneous line emission due to the hyperfine splitting of the ground state of highly charged hydrogen-like ions excited by electron collisions was measured using an Electron Beam Ion Trap. The F=4 to F=3 transition of the 1s 2S1/2 configuration of 165Ho66+ was identified at (5726.4±1.5) A. The F=3 to F=2 transition for the two isotopes 185,187Re74+ were found at (4512±2) A and (4557±2) A. We infer the nuclear dipole magnetic moment of 165Ho to be 4.1267(11) n.m., with five times higher accuracy than previous measurements. For 185,187Re we determine 3.153(2) n.m. and 3.184(2) n.m., respectively, in disagreement with a tabulated NMR measurement.


Abstract Infection is a common disease caused by microbes. The use of antimicrobial drugs such as Amoxicillin is most widely used in Indonesia, but has develop resistance. The resistance of Amoxicillin can be overcome by combining it with Karas leaves ( Aquilaria malaccensis Lam.) which has an antibacterial activity. This research was conducted to know the value of Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI) from the combination of ethanolic Karas leaves extract ( A. malaccensis Lam.) with amoxicillin in Gram-negative bacteria test, that is, Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This research was used disc diffusion method by Kirby Bauer. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) result of ethanolic karas leaves extract ( A. malaccensis Lam.)  in P. mirabilis and P. aeruginosa was 0.5mg/ml. MIC's result of amoxicillin in P. mirabilis and P. aeruginosa sequentially were 0.0039 and 0.0625 mg/ml. Then, evaluation of MIC value from combination of ethanolic karas leaves extract and amoxicillin ( 1 / 4 x MIC, 1 / 2 x MIC, 1 x MIC, 2 x MIC and 4 x MIC) showed that the combination of ethanolic karas leaves extract with amoxicillin has characteristics of FICI value on each bacteria, P. aeruginosa : 0.5 (synergistic) and P. mirabilis : 8 (antagonist) Keyword : antibacteria, Aquilaria malaccensis , amoxicillin, FICI


We propose a new texture for the light neutrino mass matrix. The proposal is based upon imposing a zero-trace condition on the two-by-two submatrices of the complex symmetric Majorana mass matrix in the flavor basis where the charged lepton mass matrix is diagonal. Restricting the mass matrix to have two traceless submatrices may be found sufficient to describe the current data. Eight out of 15 independent possible cases are found to be compatible with current data. Numerical and some approximate analytical results are presented.


In this article the author considers questions of a technique of application of controlling in the hi-tech business, the laid foundation of the general understanding of essence of controlling as one of the most effective administrative tools at the present stage of development of the market relations.


Diesel vehicles are the major source for air pollution; there is great potential for global warming due to discharge of greenhouse gases like CO2 from vehicles. Many lung problems are connected with particulate matter emitted by diesel vehicle including dust, soot and smoke. People are exposed to pollution even as they talk or when stir up the dust when they walk. Biodiesel is a non-toxic, biodegradable and renewable fuel. Compared to diesel fuel, biodiesel produces no sulfur, no net carbon dioxide, less carbon monoxide and more oxygen. More free oxygen leads to the complete combustion and reduced emission. Overall biodiesel emissions are very less compared to diesel fuel emissions which is promising pollution free environment.


The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Soil Moisture Active and Passive (SMAP) mission, which was launched on January 31, 2015, is providing global measurements of soil moisture and freeze/thaw state. The SMAP radiometer operates within the protected Earth Exploration Satellite Service passive frequency allocation of 1400-1427 MHz. However, unauthorized in-band transmitters and out-of-band emissions from transmitters operating at frequencies adjacent to this allocated spectrum are known to cause interference to microwave radiometry in this band. Because measurement corruption by these terrestrial transmissions, which is referred to as radio-frequency interference (RFI), threatens mission success, the SMAP radiometer includes special flight hardware to enable the detection and filtering of RFI. Results from the first year of SMAP data show the presence of RFI with frequent occurrence over Asia and Europe. During the calibration/validation stage of the mission, the RFI detection and mitigation algorithms were modified to provide enhanced performance. Analysis of the L1B_TB products indicates good algorithmic performance with respect to RFI detection and removal. However, some regions of the globe (e.g., Japan) continue to experience complete data loss. This paper summarizes updates to the SMAP RFI processing algorithms based on prelaunch tests and on-orbit measurements, as well as RFI information obtained in SMAP's first year on orbit.


A series of heat transfer measurements utilizing a variety of flows, each characterized by a high level of turbulence, is evaluated. This research is conducted to aid in predicting the heat transfer of first stage turbine blades and vanes. Instead of establishing a particular high turbulence flow field and measuring its effect on heat transfer, a set of flow fields with very aggressive heat transfer characteristics was determined in order to learn which aspects of these flows were responsible for the high heat transfer. Results of these tests were utilized to identify the most aggressive heat transfer environments, and then the turbulence properties of those flows were studied.


The Visible Integral Field Replicable Unit Spectrograph (VIRUS), the instrument for the Hobby Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX), consists of 78 replicable units, each with two integral field spectrographs. The VIRUS design takes advantage of large-scale replication of simple units to significantly reduce engineering and production costs of building a facility instrument of this scale. With VIRUS being 156 realizations of the same spectrograph, this paper uncovers the statistical variations in production of these units. Lab relative throughput measures are compared with independently measured grating and optical element performance allowing for potential diagnosis for the cause of variation due to spectrograph elements. Based on variations in performance of individual optical components, throughput curves are simulated for 156 VIRUS spectrograph channels. Once delivered, each unit is paired with a fiber bundle and throughput measurements are made on sky using twilight flats. We compare throughput variance from on-sky measurements to the simulated throughputs. We find that the variation in throughput matches that predicted by modeling of the individual optics performance. This paper presents the results for the 40 VIRUS units now deployed.


Title Study on the photochemical reaction of actinorhodopsin and its mediated phototrophy in the natural host [an abstract of dissertation and a summary of dissertation review] Author(s) 中村, 槙太郎 Citation 北海道大学. 博士(生命科学) 甲第12724号 Issue Date 2017-03-23 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/65550 Rights(URL) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.1/jp/ Type theses (doctoral abstract and summary of review) Additional Information There are other files related to this item in HUSCAP. Check the above URL. File Information Shintaro_Nakamura_review.pdf (審査の要旨)


2 Author(s) Title Number of Pages Date Hanna Lehikoinen Sustainable Community Development Project Plan Eco-Learning Centre in Rural Nepal 51 pages + 3 appendices 16. June 2017 Degree Bachelor of Engineering Degree Programme Environmental Engineering Specialisation option Renewable Energy Technology Instructor Antti Tohka, senior lecturer The thesis work concentrates on the opportunity to make a sustainable development project in the Far Western Region of Nepal. This area is facing many environment and development problems. High poverty rate, lack of education, distant rural settlement are making life difficult for those who live in this area. Kailash village in Bajhang district of The Far Western Region (FWR) is one of the poorest areas on Nepal and the idea of changes living conditions by building community biogas plant and learning centre for UN Sustainable Development Goals is the way to lessen the problems what people are facing each day. Education and lending a helping hand for those who live in vulnerable situation gives hopes and opportunity to rise from poverty trap. This thesis work explains how to make a project plan proposal for NGO's to applying a grant or loan for the project, and gives an example of how the proposal should look alike.


Background Previous studies have shown that vitamin D3 (VD3) may be a protective factor for diabetes mellitus (DM), while triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein (TG/HDL) may be a risk factor for diabetes. However, no existing study has elucidated the interaction between TG/HDL and VD3. Therefore, this work aimed to investigate the relationships of TG/HDL with insulin resistance (IR), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and DM at different VD3 levels. Methods With the use of the data from five National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles, a total of 2,929 males and 3,031 females were divided into 4 groups according to their VD3 levels. Logistic regression was performed to observe the associations of TG/HDL ratio with IR, IGT, and DM in different groups. Results The relationships of TG/HDL with IR, IGT, and DM showed a threshold effect, with the cutoff values of 1.094, 1.51, and 1.11, respectively. On both sides of the cutoff values, the correlation was first weakened and then enhanced with the increase in VD3 levels. Conclusion TG/HDL is a risk factor for IR, IGT, and DM. Both too low and too high levels of VD3 can strengthen this association, whereas keeping VD3 at a reasonable level helps to reduce the associations of TG/HDL with IR, IGT, and DM.


Security Act 1989 and outflanking the 1986 Directive. Separate pensionable ages under the state scheme remain lawful but will now be increasingly difficult to justify. Out of regard for the apparent novelty of its decision and for the practical difficulties and expense of implementing it, the court held that it would only apply to future occupational pension claims and to outstanding claims under national and EEC equality legislation. The longer-term implication is that the prohibition of indirect sex discrimination under Article 119 (clarified by the court in the Bilka-Kaufhaus case ([1986] I.R.L.R. 317)) will be applied to a range of benefits under the Employment Protection (Consolidation) Act 1978. This may make the exclusion of parttime workers by "qualifying thresholds" and a number of other discriminatory provisions unlawful. After Barber the only employment-related benefits which do not clearly fall within Article 119 are social insurance benefits whose funding and payment are directly mandated by state legislation and administered by government institutions: most obviously, state retirement pensions and unemployment benefits. If, by contrast, statutory payments are included even though the law requires their payment, it must follow that statutory unfair dismissal compensation and guaranteed payments under the 1978 Act also come under the principle of equality in Article 119. The inclusion of statutory sick pay and statutory maternity pay is less clear-cut as in each case the employer is required by law to make minimum payments which he then recoups in full from the state by way of rebates on his national insurance contributions. These are effectively social insurance benefits which differ from retirement and unemployment benefits only in the sense that the individual employer administers their payment. Yet they are not far removed from statutory redundancy payments, which at the time of Douglas Barber's dismissal were partially subsidised by the state through redundancy rebates (abolished by the Social Security Act 1989). Moreover, occupational pension payments in Britain are indirectly subsidised by the state in a number of ways through tax exemptions. The dividing line between employment-related benefits and social security benefits is not, in the final analysis, a very clear one.


This paper aimed to identify some perspectives of the faculty members and assistants on the practices of quality assurance in the College of Business Administration, King Saud University in order to enhance the college plans toward involving everyone to practice quality as a culture with an ultimate goal to achieve excellence in quality assurance practices at the college. The study was conducted during the second semester of the academic year 1432-1433H and the first semester of the year 1433-1434H. To achieve this purpose, a questionnaire was developed to collect the data from (379) faculty members. Based on using some descriptive and inferential statistics, the results of the paper showed that there was a positive general attitude toward the vision and mission of the college, quality of study programs, college management and quality assurance activities applied by the Vice-Deanship of Development and Quality. It was recommended that the suggestions forwarded by the faculty members should be taken into consideration in order to further improve quality at the college.
Keywords: Quality assurance, Academic accreditation, Academic programs, College of Business Administration, King Saud University.


Objective: To assess the influence of oral health on biological and social functions as perceived by Brazilian adolescents aged 15 to 19 years.
Method: This investigation was a cross-sectional study based on the data from the epidemiological database "SB Brasil 2003" (n=16,112). The database was re-categorized using as dependent variables perception of oral health and how it its classified; personal appearance; possible influence on mastication; influence on the speach; and how much oral health influences on the personal relationships. Bivariate and multivariate associations were performed among the sociodemographic and oral health condition variables with the endpoint relative to biological (speech and mastication) and social (personal appearance and interpersonal relationships) functions. Poisson's regression model adjusted by complex type sampling was used, with the city chosen by lottery being the Primary Sampling Unit. Prevalence ratio was used with 95% confidence interval.
Results: Mastication was considered very bad and bad among blacks and mulattos (PR=1.31) with malocclusion (PR =1.52), periodontal disease (PR =1.33), need of extraction (PR =1.59) and pain (PR =3.92). The worst or bad speech was associated with young people with missing teeth (PR = 1.42) malocclusion (PR =2.14), need of extraction (PR =1.32) and pain (PR =3.27). The worst personal appearance was reported by blacks and mulattos (RP=1.20) with missing teeth (PR =1.19), malocclusion (PR =1.52), periodontal disease (PR =1.56), dental caries (PR =1.49), need of extraction (RP=1.54) and pain (RP=2.12). Oral health influenced the personal relationships of blacks and mulattos (RP=1.20) with missing teeth (RP=1.37), malocclusion (RP=1.27), need of extraction (RP=1.24) and pain (RP=1.80).
Conclusion: Unfavorable oral health conditions and sociodemographic characteristics had negative impacts on the oral health perceptions and influenced the Brazilian adolescents' quality of life.


Media server scheduling in video-on-demand (VOD) systems includes video content allocation and request migration among servers. In this paper, we present a greedy algorithm to allocate video copies to media servers. It uses a graph model and minimizes the average shortest distance among media servers at each step. To facilitate the performance analysis of the random early migration (REM) algorithm proposed in our previous work, we introduce a formal description of the media service. Based on this system formalization, we develop a state transition method to study the parameter effect on the REM performance and compare the real time performance between REM and traditional migration with early start (TMES). The analytical result shows that REM introduces smoother migrations between media servers and thus leads to less real time system load than TMES.


for Concrete 6.9% 4/4 4/4 TOTAL 100% 37/59 = 62.7% 59/59 = 100% Table 9A. Metonymy Training Results on Data Set 1 (Static Weight Assignment) Data Set 1 (Collected examples) % of Total # Correct: Manual Weights # Correct: Trained Weights


This paper discusses how to implement FIR digital filter in the Code Composer Studio(CCS) environment of TMS320C54x system.The design of FIR digital filter is performed in the Matlab.We represent the produced coefficients in Q15 form.C program helps to produce analog input signal,which,as well as system coefficients,are transferred into RAM of DSP chip.Then using MAC instructions,circular buffer registers and block circular registers to implement filtering of known signal.From the simulation,we can conclude the FIR filter implemented on the DSP chip can satisfy required tasks.


Objective To investigate the methods and the therapeutic effects of groin flap and stylus recurrent branch of radial artery flap for the repair of severely contracture of the first web space. Methods From March 2007 to six 2009,45 patients with severely contracture of the first web space received treatment of groin flaps and stylus recurrent branch of radial artery flaps, with 6 to 12 months clinical observation. Among then, 33 patients received treatment of groin flaps, 12 patients received treatment of stylus recurrent branch of radial artery flaps, and 28 patients received the first web space widening as well as functional reconstruction of thumb abduction. Results Most of the flaps healed by first intention but also with distal necrosis for 3 stylus recurrent branch of radial artery flaps and 1 groin flap. And the weth of the first web space of all patients were more than 90% of comparison. From clinical observation,function of opposition recovered well. While some groinflaps got a litte fat and clumsy .The color of most flaps was as similar as normal besides, some groin flaps occurrenced pigmentation. Conclusion Children and adults below 50 yesrs should choose the groin flap, and aged people and adults more than 50yesrs shuould choose the stylus recurrent branch of radial artery flap firstly.

Key words:
Contracture of the first web space; Groin flap; Stylus recurrent branch of radial artery flap; Microsurgical operation


Purpose: Breathing training may help improve respiration motion regularity. This study was conducted to statistically and clinically determine if residual motion was affected by some characteristics of patients. The aims of this study were: 1) To identify significant characteristics affecting respiratory motion for respiratory-gated radiotherapy, 2) To investigate time trends of respiration motion over a period of days (inter-session) and 3) To investigate time trends of respiration motion within the same day (intra-session). Method and Materials: 24-lung cancer patients were enrolled in an IRB approved protocol; acquiring 331, 4-minute, respiration motion traces with free breathing, audio-instructions and audio-visual biofeedback for approximately 5-sessions each. The residual motion was quantified by the standard deviation of the displacement within the gating window. The generalized linear model was used to obtain coefficients for each variable within the model and evaluate the clinical and statistical significance. The statistical significance was determined by a p-value <0.05 while effect sizes of ⩾0.05cm were considered clinically significant. Effect size is calculated as the product of estimated coefficients with the range of that variable. This data analysis was applied to: time independent analysis, inter-session analysis and intra-session analysis. Results: Disease type and dose-per-fraction were significant for both inhale and exhale-based gating. In addition, for inhale-based gating visual training displacement, breathing type and Karnosky-performance status values were significant for inhale-based gating. The inter-session and intra-session analysis did not show significant time trends for any of the variables considered. Conclusion: Certain variables were found to be significant for time independent analysis. The results of the inter-session analysis indicated that the margin component to account for residual motion during gated radiotherapy remained constant throughout the treatment. Also, the patients breathing did not alter over a period of time within a session and they could maintain the reproducibility during a treatment fraction.


Turgo turbine is an impulse turbine that uses a water drop height (head), the ability of the runner rotational speed of a turgo turbine is influenced by the following variables the height of the water drop (head), nozzle angle, number of nozzles, and nozzle spray distance, but there are several problems that exist in the turgo turbine, one of wich is at the nozzle there is no equation that determine the nozzle angle to produces maximum output on the turgo turbine so it is need to test the nozzle angle on the turgo turbine, therefore this reasearch was conducted with the aim of knowing the effect of variations in the nozzle angle by using a turgo turbine to produce maximum rotation of the turbine and the highest efficiency at MHP. The quantitative experimental method is carried out by calculating the primary data obtained. Testing the prototype in this study used a nozzle angle variation 65°, 70°, 75° with preassure 21 psi using 18 blades. Based on the research, the best nozzle angle is 70° wich produces 782,8 rpm turbin rotation before coupling and 565,4 rpm after coupling. The generator rotation is 1062,4 before load coupled and 850,2 after load coupled 260 Watts. The voltage without load is 36,126 Volts and 8,296 Volts with a lamp load of 260 Watts. Torque is 0,123 Nm and Efficiency is 1,099% the low the low efficiency value because using a comparison between hydraulic power and the output power of the generator.


Learning of listening and speaking under the environment of multimodality is the new trend of the current college English teaching.Meanwhile,autonomous listening and effective learning are also the hot topic of the current college English education.Based on the above-mentioned issues,the exploration of the autonomous listening and effective learning assisted by the environment of multimodality is the major focus.In this paper,listening under the environment of multimodality,autonomous listening and effective listening are stated respectively.After that,the analysis of the basic characteristics of the effectiveness of autonomous listening under the environment of multimodality is made in order to achieve the improvement of effectiveness in autonomous learning of listening.


Data on the deuteron momentum, the Wilkin angle, and the 4-momentum transfer squared in the reactions {sup 3}Hep {yields} dpp and {sup 3}Hep {yields} pppn are obtained under experimental conditions permitting complete kinematic reconstruction. Final-state interactions leading to deuteron formation are shown to play a significant role. 6 refs., 6 figs.


In this paper, we present an improved detector for ACK/NACK message detection in the LTE uplink control channel with imperfect channel state information at the receiver. The detector is based on the generalized likelihood-ratio test (GLRT) paradigm. We derive detection metrics for the cases when the noise variances at the receiver are known and unknown. Noise here may comprise both thermal noise and interference. Simulation results show remarkable performance gains of the GLRT-based detector with unknown noise variances compared to the training-based maximum-likelihood detector with unknown noise variances when the noise variances in two slots are different. Furthermore, the performance of the GLRT-based detector with unknown noise variances is nearly the same as that of the training-based maximum-likelihood detector with known noise variances.


Traditionally, banks have always had a close relationship with their customers. They often knew them as individuals, and satisfied their needs through personal customized services. Recently, the de ...


Background and Aim: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is the major cause of chronic liver disease in developed countries. In this study, we identified the most important transcription factors and biological mechanisms affecting the incidence of fatty liver disease using the promoter region data mining. Materials and Methods In this study, at first, the marker genes associated with this disease were detected and the pattern of transcription factors was examined by the Genomatix software. In the whole of genome, genes with a similar binding pattern for transcription factors in the promoter region were identified as potentially effective genes on the fatty liver. By using the Cytoscape software (3.6.0), the network of transcription factors and target genes was mapped. Finally, the most important biological pathways associated with genes derived from fatty liver were studied using the DAVID database. Results: The protein network fitting showed Creb1, Jun and Max transcription factors and Sfpi1, Ddit3 and Gsk3b genes play an important role in the development of this disease. Gene ontology analysis revealed that biological pathways including apoptosis, intracellular signals, and biosynthesis of aromatic compounds and signaling pathways of circadian rhythm, non-alcoholic fatty liver, and chemokine signals contributed to the occurrence of fatty liver disease. Conclusion: Increasing the expression of transcription factors and genes produced can be one of the most factors affecting the onset of the disease, also, biological pathways including apoptosis, intracellular signals, and biosynthesis of aromatic compounds and signaling pathways of circadian rhythm, non-alcoholic fatty liver, and chemokine signals are important in fatty liver phenomenon.


An early Tertiary basin of deposition of great areal extent across southern Idaho and adjacent states to the south and west has been postulated from regional structure. In early Miocene this basin was subjected to the extrusion of the Jarbidge Rhyolite in northern Nevada and southern Idaho. This is the oldest Cenozoic formation known within the Snake River Plain. By middle Miocene the basin is fairly well defined by a lacustrine section, best known as the Sucker Creek Formation. Age and stratigraphic equivalents to the Sucker Creek are the Latah Formation of the Spokane, Washington area and the Beaver Dam Formation of south-central Idaho. The lake of Sucker Creek time is called Lake Bruneau (Miller and Smith, 1967~. Over 2000 feet of the upper part of Sucker Creek Formation is exposed in the vicinity of Sucker Creek in western Idaho and eastern Oregon. The formation consists of much dark organic shale, rich in lignite, silty clay, sandstone, diatomite, ash, tuff, porcelanite, and some basalt and rhyolite. Index Map 1 shows the locations of surface and subsurface sections. Deep wells have penetrated nearly 5000 feet of this formation in the subsurface, and isopach projections indicate a total thickness of about 7000 feet (See Figures 1 and 2). The top of the Sucker Creek in some areas of the subsurface is marked by a thick bed of intermixed dark gray ash and calcareous oolites. The organic shales of the formation are considered to be the source materials for the oil and gas shows, which have been encountered in numerous wells throughout the western Snake River Plain. Chemical analyses and maturation indexes rate these shales very favorably in terms of petroleum potential at depth. In middle to late Miocene the southern side of the Bruneau basin in Idaho received the extrusion of over 2000 feet of Owyhee Rhyolite, which penetrated and tilted the Sucker Creek Formation. On the north side of the basin the Columbia River Basalt section was deposited and is probably equivalent in age to the Owyhee Rhyolite and the upper part of the Sucker Creek Formation (See Figures 3 and 4). The Columbia River Basalt section consists of interbedded basalt and thick sandstones. Some of the best


We present K-band number counts for the faint galaxies in the Calar Alto Deep Imaging Survey (CADIS). We covered 4 CADIS fields, a total area of 0.2 deg^2, in the broad band filters B, R and K. We detect about 4000 galaxies in the K-band images, with a completeness limit of K = 19.75 mag, and derive the K-band galaxy number counts in the range of 14.25 18 mag. We also find that most of the K = 18 – 20 mag galaxies have a B - K color bluer than the prediction of a no-evolution model for an L⋆ Sbc galaxy, implying either significant evolution, even for massive galaxies, or the existence of an extra population of small galaxies.


The aim of this paper is to gure out the flow and heat problem of twodimensional steady axisymmetric laminar mixed-convection boundary-layer flow of Sisko fluid model along a stretching cylinder in a thermally strati ed medium. The similarity transformations are used to reduce coupled partial dierential equations to ordinary dierential equations. To solve these equations, a numerical approach called shooting method has been used for the computation of dierent physical parameters of velocity and temperature eld, respectively. The dependence of skin friction and Nusselt number has been analyzed in details in tables.


A novel method to fabricate a nanometer-size pattern-mask by conventional photolithography is proposed. In the method, titanium oxide (TiO2) grown laterally by anodic oxidation at the side-edge of a thin titanium (Ti) layer is utilized to fabricate nanometer-size patterns. The detailed processes and conditions for each process such as anodic oxidation are studied. It is found by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) that the nanometer-size patterns can be fabricated and the size is precisely controlled by the anodic voltage. It is also confirmed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) that a Ti pattern-mask with a slit of a few tens of nanometer width can be fabricated by the present method.


FROM THE METHOD WHICH ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD ELEMENTARY 2 ISSUED BY PLANE 1 TOWARDS EARTH AND RECEIVER 3 AIRBORNE AND TRAILER 7 WHICH A MAGNETIC FIELD INDUCED SECONDARY 6 OF EDDY CURRENT PRODUCTS BY 5 PRIME CHAMP IN CONDUCTING PARTS SOIL IS RECEIVED IN THE RECEIVER ON APPLIED SIMULTANEOUSLY, IN THE ISSUE OF FIELD 2 FIELD COMPENSATION RECEPTOR TRANSMITTED BY CABLE FLEXIBLE 8 WHICH THE iNTENSITY IS THE SAME BUT WITH SIGN OPPOSE, FIELD ELEMENTARY AT THE RECEIVER, WHICH PROVIDES INFORMATION ZONE CONDUCTING BELOW THE SURFACE SOIL. APPLICATION PARTICULAR THE DEPOSIT MINERAL RESEARCH.


Thank you for your interest in our article: Does Donor Allograft Microsteatosis Matter? Comparison of Outcomes in Liver Transplantation with a Propensity-Matched Cohort [1]. I would agree that cold ischemia time (CIT) is an important factor affecting reperfusion injury; however the impact of small differences in CIT is minimal especially when the distribution is relatively homogenious for the whole cohort. In fact, CIT had no impact on graft survival in the development of the Donor Risk Index by Feng et al.


The purpose of this research is to assessment the influence of team member teaching method on attitudes to science (according to the Timss datas) and motivational belifes for learning experimental science consider measured. To this goal the students of third grade guidance school (ninth grade) from the city of Kamyaran in the academic year 1394-1395 were selected. According to the latest statistics the number of ninth grade students in this city are 1412 person and 682 people of this number are girls and 730 ones are boys. That two 17 person chasses from Shahid Rajai school of city of Kamyaran using by availabe sampling method were selected. The method of research has done using from semi – experimetal in to pre-test,post-test and experiment & control groups. Team member teaching method was taught in 8 sessions to one group of students (experiment group). Questionnaire of (attitudes to science according to the Timss datas) and (motivational belifes for learning experimental science) was distributed to 34 people in to control & test groups. For analysing the datas used from the spss software with analysing of covariance test. The results of the research shows that teaching methods based on team members was effective in the level of 0/99 confidence on all of research variables such as (selef - efficacy), (task value), (the goal orientation), (exam anxiety), and (attitudes to science).


Background

Several limitations regarding pulse pressure variation (PPV) use have been reported. Our aim was to describe changes in the PPV operative performance as a predictor of fluid responsiveness during the development of a swine endotoxin shock model and to assess hemodynamic variables associated with PPV changes.
Methods

A swine porcine endotoxin shock model was established (E. Coli 055:B5 endotoxin) in 7 pigs, and 3 pigs were included in the control group. The endotoxin was infused until the mean arterial pressure (MAP) dropped below 50 mmHg (TH0); then, the model animal was reanimated with fluids and vasopressors. We performed fluid challenges every hour for 6 hours. ROC curve analysis was conducted. Additionally, a linear mixed model was performed.
Results

The area under the curve (AUC) of PPV decreased from 0.95 (0.81–1.00) to 0.60 (0.17–1.00) at TH0. Its cutoff increased from 10.5–22.00% at TH0. PPV showed an inverse relationship with stroke volume, mean systemic filling pressure (MSFP), MAP, and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) (p < 0,001, AIC = 111.85).
Conclusions

The PPV operative performance as a predictor of fluid responsiveness decreased with the progression of endotoxic shock. This result could be due to the inverse association with MAP and SVR.


THE final identification of the foundation for this monument by Mr. Dinsmoor, and his paper in this JOURNAL (Vol. XIV (1910), pp. 459-484), brings the long discussion of the subject nearly to a close. There is still one point, however, where his conclusions need revision. This point concerns what Plutarch saw to justify his words in the Life of Nicias (III, 3). Plutarch says that two dedicatory monuments of Nicias were standing in his day, "the Palladium on the Acropolis, the one that has lost its gilding, ,cai 6 ro0e Xoprltxico• rphroa-v b;rosrelEvo0 iv A•Vov•rov vEcW ' for he won many victories with choruses, and was never defeated." The second monument which Plutarch saw was a temple on which were placed several choragic tripods, and he at once explains why there were more than one. The Greek is not fairly susceptible of any other translation. It was only ignorance of the original site of the choragic temple of Nicias the Younger which led to the attempt to give the Greek a different meaning. When Plato saw the tripods of Nicias the Elder and his brothers, they were not on a temple, as his language (Plato, Gorqgias, 472 A) clearly shows: bv o01


cial pad of the rat contains about 35 large whiskers, Ehud Ahissar 1 and Amos Arieli which are arranged in five rows and about seven arcs Department of Neurobiology (columns) (Figure 1). To obtain sensory information, such The Weizmann Institute of Science as the location and texture of external objects (Gustaf-Rehovot 76100 son and Felbain-Keramidas, 1977; Simons, 1995), the Israel whiskers move back and forth with a rhythmic motion (" whisking ", covering several cubic centimeters near Sensory information is encoded both in space and the snout (Brecht et al., 1997; Wineski, 1983). Each in time. Spatial encoding is based on the identity of whisker along the same arc scans a different trajectory, activated receptors, while temporal encoding is based while all the whiskers of the same row scan roughly the on the timing of activation. In order to generate accu-same trajectory (Brecht et al., 1997). The vertical location rate internal representations of the external world, the of a punctuate object can be extracted from the identity brain must decode both types of encoded information, of activated whiskers along each arc. We use the term even when processing stationary stimuli. We review " spatial coding " to refer to this kind of coding, which is here evidence in support of a parallel processing scheme based on the spatial profile of whisker activation. The for spatially and temporally encoded information in radial location (i.e., the distance from the face) might the tactile system and discuss the advantages and also be encoded by whisker identity, due to the gradient limitations of sensory-derived temporal coding in both of whisker lengths along the rows (Brecht et al., 1997). the tactile and visual systems. Based on a large body In contrast, the identity of active whiskers would provide of data, we propose a dynamic theory for vision, which no information about the horizontal location of the object avoids the impediments of previous dynamic theories. (i.e., its location along the anterior-posterior axis, parallel to the whisker rows). This is because the whiskers Visual and tactile systems share two major strategies: are moving along this axis. However, information about both employ two-dimensional arrays of receptors to the horizontal location of the object can be extracted capture the spatial variations of the external stimuli, and from the timing of whisker activation: the temporal inter-both employ movements of the sensory organs during val between whisker activation at protraction onset …


As the times progressed, development in every country is very rapid. This is seen from the level of development of science and technology, social, and political. All the countries of the world race to use all the skills and knowledge they have to fit the development. Similarly, in order to support the national development program, various government and private institutions participate in various efforts to support the development of the nation. With the better nation's development, Indonesia's economy is also improving. The object of this research is PT. Pegadaian (Persero) Malalayang branch. The purpose of this study is to repair internal goods pawn insurance at PT. Pegadaian (Persero) Malalayang branch. The method used in this research is descriptive method, with data used by internal way of company in pawn collateral goods and draw conclusion. The results of the research can be known about the existing mortgage collateral at PT. Pegadaian (Persero) Malalayang branch is in accordance with the existing theory. The internal control of pawn warranty goods applied by PT Pegadaian Malalayang branch already has a good and efficient system and meet the elements of internal control so that it can improve company performance.Keywords: Internal Control, Mortgage Guarantees


ABSTRACT During the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union engaged in nuclear deterrence as part of a larger strategic vision. Known as MAD or Mutually Assured Destruction, it included widespread investments in nuclear arsenals and delivery systems that would ensure nuclear capability in the advent of a first strike by an adversary. We revisit MAD in the context of the unfolding climate catastrophe and the context of growing tensions between the United States and China. Each government is investing in defense capabilities. Given the unfolding carbon footprint such a struggle will entail, even if China or the United States never engage in actual combat, we ask: does an unfolding military buildup between the U.S. and China assure our mutual destruction?


The Internet of Things (IoT), satellite communication, and other communication systems that utilize radio frequency waveforms frequently use modern wireless communication technologies. Wireless communication provides benefits over conventional communication due to its simple installation. One of the most well-known of them is Optical Camera Communication (OCC) technology, which has several advantages, including no negative effects on human health, good security, and inexpensive operating expenses. In this paper, we offer a multiple-input multiple-output modulation method that uses deep learning (DL) to recognize light-emitting diodes and predict thresholds while considering mobility assistance and long-distance communication into considerations. Our suggested strategy employs DL algorithms to enhance the performance of the traditional camera on-off keying (C-OOK) scheme by reducing bit error rate, communication distance., and data rate.


Fig. 1. Case 1. ote stocky build and large phallus (Brit.) Fig. 2. Case 1. Marked webbing of neck. (both figures reproduced, by permission, from Brit. Med. J. to). eyes with marked epicanthic folds, a high arched palate, minute nipples, webbing of the neck, and hypoplasia of several interscapular muscles. His penis and gonads were infantile. FSH excretion was negative at 12 m.u. on two occasions. Bilateral testicular biopsies showed histologically infantile testicular development, as normally seen in the first 6 years of life (Dr. C. J. Uys). The skin showed male nuclear pattern.


The ever-increasing size of wireless networks has led to the development of new base station architectures. Traditional telecommunication base stations have baseband and radio-frequency (RF) components mounted inside an air-conditioned hut with co-axial cables transmitting signals to remote antennas. The industry is moving to distributed network and remote radio head (RRH) architectures where the baseband components are digitally connected to a group of RF components mounted on top of antenna towers. Operators who maintain these units typically desire a lightweight, low-volume passive thermal solution. Thermal issues are challenging with power amplifier (PA) powers ranging from 100-200 Watts. Traditional base station heat sinks that cool high-powered PA's are made of a die-cast aluminum material having a low thermal conductivity. This paper introduces a unique two-phase heat spreader technology to improve the thermal performance of die-cast aluminum heat sinks used in RRH application. Experiments and CFD models were used to compare the thermal performance of baseline aluminum heat sinks to thermal solutions that included an embedded or directly-attach two-phase heat spreader. Results are presented that show a heat sink combined with a two-phase heat spreader solution can provide a 20% reduction in PA temperature or a 17% reduction in heat sink weight.


Taking the watermelon Heitong K-8 as meterial,the field experiment was conducted to study effect of controlled-release fertilizer on growth period,plant growth and yield of watermelon.The results showed that controlled-release fertilizer could promote watermelon maturity in advance for 3~6 d earlier than control.Compared to conventional fertilizer,controlled-release fertilizer also had significant effect on plant growth.Moreover,it also could increase yield of watermelon significantly,which could increase by 22.32% or 10.60% than that of conventional fertilizer when using 80% of fertilizers.The fertilizer productivity of equivalent,decreased and nitrogen-dcreased controlled-release fertilizer were 2.28 times,2.01 times and 1.32 times of accustorned fertilization respectively.


Expressions are derived for the intensity of nuclear responses appearing in the frequency dispersed optical heterodyne detected (OHD) birefringence and dichroism of nonresonant materials. The dispersed birefringence of chloroform is reported and the detuning dependence of the two intramolecular modes (260 cm−1 and 370 cm−1) are compared with theory. These probe frequency dependent birefringence responses are pumped by a 40 fs pulse and probed with either a 40 fs transform limited Gaussian pulse (FWHH∼400 cm−1) or a one-sided exponential pulse (FWHH∼36 cm−1, Lorentzian). Excellent agreement with theory is found. Due to the CARS and CSRS resonances inherent to these responses, the relative magnitude of different nuclear responses which contribute to the total response of a system can be selectively enhanced in the dispersed pump–probe response when the probe spectrum is narrower than the difference between the relevant mode frequencies. It is shown how this two-dimensional (time and frequency) P(3) techniqu...


Major geological disasters of karst tunnel are introduced.According to the characteristics of karst tunnel and combined with practical work technical key points and implementation methods of key construction technology of karst tunnel are elaborated.In the end suggestions are proposed to strengthen construction management of karst tunnel,in order to further improve the construction technology of karst tunnel.


In late 2014, Remind updated their privacy policies and terms of service. While I haven't read through the updated terms in detail to see the


To investigate the biological roles of Ras/MAPK pathway in IL\|6\|induced M1 leukemia cells,the constitutive and inducible activation of Ras/MAPK pathway was blocked with MEK specific inhibitor PD098059 and the effects of PD098059 on IL\|6\|induced growth arrest and terminal differentiation of M1 cells were determined.PD098059 was found to inhibit the growth of M1 cells by itself and enhance IL\|6\|induced growth arrest of M1 cells.Although PD098059 had little effects on the morphological changes and CD11b expression of M1 cells induced by IL\|6,it reduced IL\|6\|induced phagocytic activity of M1 cells significantly.Thus the constitutive and inducible activation of Ras/MAPK pathway was important in IL\|6\|induced macrophage differentiation of M1 cells.


With the growing popularity of learning English as a foreign language in Colombia, here appears to be a substantial degree of sociocultural pressure for adults to learn or improve their language skills. However, there also appears to be indications that many Colombian EFL learners do not seem to be aware of or familiar with the impact or influence that their beliefs, attitudes, anxieties, motivations and use language learning strategies have on their language learning process. This action research examines this phenomenon by focusing explicitly on affective factors and socioaffective language learning strategies among learners in a monolingual EFL classroom at the Centro Colombo Americano in Bogota, Colombia. Language learning strategies have often been taught to EFL students to help them become more effective learners. However, explicit affective strategy instruction has not been addressed by EFL language teachers properly because as Johnson (1994) argued "the field of second language education lags behind mainstream education research in that it has neglected to focus adequate attention to the affective dimension of second language learning" (pp. 439-452). Horwitz (2001) gave further support and stated that to discuss foreign language learning without considering the emotional reactions of the learner to language learning was and remains a serious oversight. The overall purpose of this action research was to explicitly teach socioaffective language learning strategies to positively impact the beliefs, attitudes, anxieties and motivations of a group of EFL beginner students. Seventeen beginner EFL students participated in this action research study. An initial semi-structured questionnaire and a rating scale gave first data on factors and strategies that needed to be addressed. Observation and teaching logs provided information about how affective-based instruction was conducted and how students responded to it. A post-questionnaire was used to determine the impact of this type of affect-based instruction on students' learning. The results of the study suggest that explicit strategy instruction in socioaffective language learning strategies is helpful in heightening learner awareness of the importance of paying attention to their own feelings and social relationships as part of their learning process, which can improve the frequency and the quality of students' participation and interaction in class. Results also indicate that affective factors such as beliefs, attitudes, anxieties, motivations, are important considerations that both teachers and students need to ponder on in order to gain a deeper understanding of the nature of language learning, to develop autonomy and, ultimately, to get to know themselves better.


This paper introduces a novel approach to designing energy-efficient Dickson charge pumps with linear distributed total capacitance. Theoretical analysis shows that the input energy can be minimized by opportunely choosing the optimal slope for the linear capacitance distribution and design guidelines are provided to get such value according to the given specifications. Simulation results using a $0.13-\mu \mathrm{m}$ CMOS technology confirm the validity of the proposed design strategy in various scenarios, allowing to achieve a percentage energy saving, in the worst case, of about 32%.


Fuzzy support vector machine (FSVM) classifiers are a class of nonlinear binary classifiers which extend Vapnik's support vector machine (SVM) formulation. In the absence of additional information, fuzzy membership values are usually selected based on the distribution of training vectors, where a number of assumptions are made about the underlying shape of this distribution. In this paper we present an alternative method of generating membership values which we call iterative FSVM (I-FSVM). Our method generates membership values iteratively based on the positions of training vectors relative to the SVM decision surface itself. We show that our algorithm is capable of generating results equivalent to an SVM with a modified (non distance based) penalty (risk) function. Experiments have been carried out on three real world binary classification problems taken from the UCI repository, namely the spambase dataset and the adult (census) dataset.


Transactional Memory (TM) is a promising alternative to lockbased synchronization mechanisms. This report analyses the state of art and existing implementations of TM, focusing, in particular, on Hardware Read-Write Lock Elision (HRWLE). HRWLE is a recently proposed technique that exploits the hardware TM supports of IBM Power8 (P8) processor to build a speculative implementation of the well-known read-write lock abstraction. Unfortunately, though, the reliance on hardware features that are only available on P8 represents a key limitation of HRWLE, which prevents its usage on commodity processors by other vendors in particular Intels CPUs, which also ship with Hardware Transactional Memory (HTM) support and are more commonly employed than P8. The dissertation proposal detailed in this document will aim at tackling precisely this limitation, by designing, implementing and evaluating alternative HRWLE algorithms that will not rely on specific features of Power8 processors and, as such, will be usable in broader contexts. In addition to defining goals, this report also presents an initial algorithm implementation and some preliminary results compared to other common TM implementations.


Atmospheric brown carbon (BrC) can impact the radiative balance of the earth and form photooxidants. However, the light absorption and photochemical properties of BrC from different sources remain poorly understood. To address this gap, dilute water extracts of particulate matter (PM) samples collected at Davis, CA over one year were analyzed using high resolution aerosol mass spectrometry (HR-AMS) and UV–vis spectroscopy. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) on combined AMS and UV–vis data resolved five water-soluble organic aerosol (WSOA) factors with distinct mass spectra and UV–vis spectra: a fresh and an aged water-soluble biomass burning OA (WSBBOAfresh and WSBBOAaged) and three oxygenated OA (WSOOAs). WSBBOAfresh is the most light-absorbing, with a mass absorption coefficient (MAC365 nm) of 1.1 m2 g–1, while the WSOOAs are the least (MAC365 nm = 0.01–0.1 m2 g–1). These results, together with the high abundance of WSBBOAs (∼52% of the WSOA mass), indicate that biomass burning activities such as residential wood burning and wildfires are an important source of BrC in northern California. The concentrations of aqueous-phase photooxidants, i.e., hydroxyl radical (·OH), singlet molecular oxygen (1O2*), and oxidizing triplet excited states of organic carbon (3C*), were also measured in the PM extracts during illumination. Oxidant production potentials (PPOX) of the five WSOA factors were explored. The photoexcitation of BrC chromophores from BB emissions and in OOAs is a significant source of 1O2* and 3C*. By applying our PPOX values to archived AMS data at dozens of sites, we found that oxygenated organic species play an important role in photooxidant formation in atmospheric waters.


Many interactive applications, such as video games, require processing a large number of sound signals in real-time. This paper proposes a novel perceptually-based and scalable approach for efficiently filtering and mixing a large number of audio signals. Key to its efficiency is a pre-computed Fourier frequency-domain representation augmented with additional descriptors. The descriptors can be used during the real-time processing to estimate which signals are not going to contribute to the final mixture. Besides, we also propose an importance sampling strategy allowing to tune the processing load relative to the quality of the output. We demonstrate our approach for a variety of applications including equalization and mixing, reverberation processing and spatialization. It can also be used to optimize audio data streaming or decompression. By reducing the number of operations and limiting bus traffic, our approach yields a 3 to 15-fold improvement in overall processing rate compared to brute-force techniques, with minimal degradation of the output.


Carbon-silica hybrid precursors for SiC with different carbon contents were prepared by firing hybrid gels consisting of crosslinked phenol resin and silica gel. The SiC precipitation processes in these precursors at 1873K were traced in terms of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation. Excess carbon in the system reduces the size of the formed SiC crystallite during the heat treatment. The precursor with high carbon content yielded aggregated grains consisting of small SiC crystallite, while the precursor with low carbon content yielded coarse isolated grains of 100-200nm after a long-term of heat treatment.


ABSTRACT
This research was motivated by the fast-growing skin care industry, especially MS Glow. As a local brand whose name continues to grow until now, it has established many beauty clinics throughout Indonesia. At the same time, efforts are needed to continue to survive and compete with other skin care products. Moving on from these issues, this research is here with the aim of studying further about product quality, price, and promotion of purchasing decisions at MS Glow Gresik Branch. The population in this study were visitors to the beauty clinic at the Randuagung branch. From this population, this study obtained 90 samples who became respondents. The sampling technique was purposive sampling, namely the data collection technique used by distributing questionnaires. The results of the study show that product quality has no effect on purchasing decisions. However, prices and promotions influence purchasing decisions.

Keywords: MS Glow, Product Quality, Price, Promotion, and Purchase Decision.


Introduction Scientific Care or Social Care? The Case of Aging Bio-Ethics and Care From Western Consumerism to the Personalization of Social Care Social Work, Care and Performativity Power, Care and Death Towards a Sociology of Trusting Care Bibliography Index.


STEFANOU, S. and A. Z. PAPAZAFEIRIOU, 2014. The effect of soil physical properties of an Entisol on the growth of young poplar trees (Populus sp.). Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 20: 807-812 The effect of soil physical properties of an Entisol on the growth of young poplar trees in a forest nursery was studied. In parts of the nursery where the growth of poplar trees was limited, the results showed lower permeability and higher field capacity, thus resulting in insufficient soil aeration. These conditions are attributed to the higher values of SAR and ESP found there, which caused clay dispersion and blocking of soil pores. In other parts of the nursery, the growth of poplar was normal. These unfavorable soil physical conditions along with the high pH values are considered responsible for the poplar growth retardation.


households, acquire property, and gain a respectable place in the New World community. Not surprisingly, many ran away, sometimes to the American frontier or to a colonial port, often back to England where they were occasionally caught and transported yet again. Given their circumstances and their histories, it is surprising that convicts rarely committed crimes in the colonies— largely, Ekirch believes, because conditions in America presented few opportunities for criminal activity. One reason for the neglect of convicts by colonialists is that the transportees seem a group apart, different from the hardworking and ambitious men and women who constituted the great bulk of European migrants to British America. Not so, Ekirch suggests, for in their biographical characteristics and perhaps in their experience in the colonies, convicts resemble indentured servants, distinguished from such respectable migrants largely by hard luck and a youthful mistake. That perhaps is an exaggeration, but it at least suggests a useful agenda for future research in early American labor history. Bound for America is a successful study, thorough in its research, imaginative in its exploitation of seemingly intractable sources, sensitive to the trans-Atlantic dimensions of the topic, gracefully written, and sharply focused on the lives of transported convicts. It should stand as the definitive study for some time to come. Most important, by linking the story of convicts to the study of immigration and opportunity, major themes in early American history, Ekirch shows how the experience of that troubled and troublesome group can be integrated into a more comprehensive understanding of the colonial past.


Abstract. In four study areas within different lithological settings and rockfall activity, lidar data were applied for a morphometric analysis of block sizes, block shapes and talus cone characteristics. This information was used to investigate the dependencies between block size, block shape and lithology on the one hand and runout distances on the other hand. In our study, we were able to show that lithology seems to have an influence on block size and shape and that gravitational sorting did not occur on all of the studied debris cones but that other parameters apparently control the runout length of boulders. Such a parameter seems to be the block shape, as it plays the role of a moderating parameter in two of the four study sites, while we could not confirm this for our other study sites. We also investigated the influence of terrain parameters such as slope inclination, profile curvature and roughness. The derived roughness values show a clear difference between the four study sites and seem to be a good proxy for block size distribution on the talus cones and thus could be used in further studies to analyse a larger sample of block size distribution on talus cones with different lithologies.


The real estate industry has significant pull function on the development of national economy.Especially for the industries of the production field.Under the background of the large-scale,high speed development of China′s real estate field,the analysis of the production field and its relevance to China′s real estate field is particularly important.This paper establishes vector auto-regressive(VAR) model and use impulse response function and variance decomposition for analysis,try to research when our country′s real estate industry is in the sustained and rapid development period,investment situation changes relation among the real estate investment and mining,construction,manufacturing,coal mining and washing industry.In order to give the reasonable explanation of our current situation of the development for the production field.


In this paper we introduced a kind of testing criterion of 3D imaging devices which are used in 2D-3D transformation.


This paper focuses on the trajectory planning and trajectory tracking control of articulated tracked vehicles (ATVs). It utilizes the path planning method based on the Hybrid A-star and the minimum snap smoothing method to obtain the feasible kinematic trajectory. To overcome the highly non-linearity of ATVs, we proposed a linear-parameter-varying (LPV) kinematic tracking-error model. Then, the kinematic controller was formulated as the adaptive model predictive controller (AMPC). The simulation of the path planning algorithm showed that the proposed planning strategy could provide a feasible trajectory for the ATVs passing through the obstacles. Moreover, we compared the AMPC controller with the developed controller in four scenarios. The comparison showed that the AMPC controller achieved satisfactory tracking errors regarding the lateral position and orientation angle errors. The maximum lateral distance error by the AMPC controller has been reduced by 72.4% compared to the standard-MPC controller. The maximum orientation angle error has been reduced by 55.53%. The simulation results confirmed that the proposed trajectory planning and tracking control system could effectively perform the automated driving behaviors for ATVs.


Based on the view of psychology,It analyzed user ability in the process of user access to and use of products,attended to attain some design means of reducing user ability.