This paper, prepared with the cooperation of the members of the Insulator and Lightning Subcommittee, points out the present need for rationalizing transmission system strength on the basis of lightning voltage. The higher grade of service demanded of transmission systems today requires fewer interruptions. It is pointed out that for a four-year period the line interruptions due to lightning on an extensive 132-kv. network average 75 per cent of all line outages. Apparatus failures due to lightning, while not numerically great, can be materially reduced if the system insulation is coordinated on the lightning basis. Over-insulation of lines has been tried in some cases, particularly on wood pole lines, with varying degrees of success in reducing line outages. But this method of attacking the lightning problem does not consider the protection of station equipment where the most costly apparatus is subject to damage, and where apparatus damage may result in long service outage. It is pointed out that additional knowledge is necessary on lightning strengths of insulation, and apparatus to rationalize system voltage strengths on a lightning basis. This information is gradually being secured by various groups working on the problem. To aid in solving the lightning problem, it is proposed that a set of standard lest waves be adopted, by which insulation and apparatus if possible may be tested. With this knowledge of the lightning insulation strength of apparatus, it will be possible to design transmission systems more intelligently on a lightning basis so far as insulation is concerned, in addition to the present 60-cycle basis. On the basis of field data secured last year on wave-shapes of natural lightning, three standard test waves are proposed, having voltage — time characteristics similar to those actually observed. It is pointed out that lightning voltage should be designated in units peculiar to lightning and not in terms of 60-cycle voltage values.


Your frank and direct article, published in Rivista storica italiana, 1963, No. IV, places upon me the obligation of an equal directness and frankness. From the content of your response I became convinced that on certain matters our opinions have come very close together, but in others - very important and fundamental - our disagreements are serious.


This thesis concerns the study of cell deformations and is interested in two complementary approaches, an experimental one and another theoretical one. The experimental approach is motivated by the demonstration from previous works of the existence of a certain auto-organization of the deformation patterns. This auto-organization consists of the appearance of recurring protrusive patterns in space and time. This has been shown, in particular, for round-shaped cells (leukocytes or keratinocytes) which present a relatively simple organization of theactin cytoskeleton. We have chosen to study murin fibroblasts (L929 line). The fibroblasts exhibit long membrane extensions such as filopods. This time, this type of protrusion is related to a more complex organization of the actin cytoskeleton, where the filaments tend to form bundles. Our aim has been to determine if there exists a similar self-organized componentof these fibroblasts membrane deformations. Experimental characterization has been performed from image sequences where the cells were observed by phase contrast videomicroscopy. The morphodynamical data of the cells have been extracted from the images with two different methods:(i) a classical segmentation of the cell boundaries for the individual study of each protrusive zone of the cell and (ii) an optical flow method for a global characterizationof the movement of the whole cell. The results obtained show that the cells exhibit mainly symmetrical morphologies with 2 to 4 protrusions. The 4-protrusion state (cross morphology), observed for the most isolated cells, is dynamically characterized by a synchronized pulsating movement between the two perpendicular protrusive directions, where the extension in one direction is accompanied by the simultaneous retraction in the other direction (. . . ) In conclusion, we defined how the work realized experimentally allows us to propose the possibility to use the morphodynamical parameters obtained from the characterization as criteria to identify the cell phenotypes. We also discuss how theoretical modelling can orientate the choice of new experimental protocols.


Lord of the Rings : the appeal of a heavily rule-bound universe. In the Rings trilogy, the tone of a character's speech and the content of that character's brain are determined mostly by a set of known qualities […] nerd-dom developed a set of characters whose motives and moral compasses were easily understood and whose language was clear and non-allusive (Nugent 184).


Precise Point Positioning (PPP) is a relatively new positioning technique providing centimeter-level error. PPP processes dual-frequency pseudorange and carrierphase measurements from a single user receiver, using detailed physical models and corrections, and precise GNSS orbit and clock products calculated beforehand (for example products from IGS, the International GNSS Service). PPP is different from other precise-positioning approaches like RTK in that no reference stations are needed in the vicinity of the user receiver. The only observation data that must be processed are measurements from the user receiver. Another advantage of PPP is that since the GNSS orbit and clock products are by nature global, the PPP solutions are also global, i.e., the PPP approach works for a receiver located anywhere on or above the Earth surface, and the resulting position is referred to a well-known terrestrial reference frame (normally ITRF). PPP can be applied at post-processing level and also in real-time applications, provided that realtime input orbits and clocks are available. One disadvantage of standard PPP however is its relatively slow convergence time, which is of the order of an hour for decimetric accuracy, as compared to nearly instantaneous convergence with centimetric accuracy in short-baseline RTK. In 2008 GMV introduced magicGNSS, a web application for high-accuracy GNSS data processing. magicGNSS is available online at http://magicgnss.gmv.com. A free account can be requested online for a one-month trial period. A PPP software module is available in magicGNSS, allowing the user the post-processing of dual-frequency static and kinematic RINEX measurement files. The PPP module supports GPS and GLONASS data. Satellite orbits and clock products are calculated internally in a transparent way for the user. GMV has developed an infrastructure for the generation of precise GPS and GLONASS orbits and clocks with very low latency in a first step, and in real time in a second step. The products generated this way are contributed to the IGS Real Time Pilot Project, and are also used to feed the PPP service, part of the web application magicGNSS. The product generation is based on an Orbit Determination and Time Synchronisation (ODTS) process, which runs typically every 15 minutes. This process receives as input dual-frequency code and phase measurements collected in real time from a world-wide network of IGS stations, using the NTRIP protocol. Then, they are pre-processed also in real time by a PreProcessing and Validation module (PPV) and made available to the different algorithms. In parallel to the ODTS, another process estimates the clocks in real time taking as input the observations and the outputs from the last ODTS execution. There is a small latency in the delivery of the clock estimation, which is associated to the time that the algorithm waits for the arrival of the measurements from the station through the Internet, typically one or two seconds. The GPS and GLONASS satellites are processed together, in order to ensure a consistent solution. It is necessary to estimate an inter-channel bias when processing GLONASS data. This must be done in order to compensate for the different internal delays in the pseudorange measurements through the GLONASS receiver, associated to the different frequencies used by the different satellites. The real-time orbits and clocks are available as a data stream to real-time processing algorithms (such as real-time PPP), and stored in standard formats (SP3, clock RINEX) for offline use. In the near future the products will contain also additional clock biases to allow the resolution of integer carrier-phase ambiguities in PPP, for improved positioning accuracy and shorter convergence time. In parallel to the PPP product generation, GMV is developing a novel user terminal prototype for PPP, that can be connected to any GNSS receiver providing realtime raw measurements and navigation messages through a serial or USB port (in RTCM format), and can receive PPP orbit+clock corrections via GSM/GPRS (internet through mobile phone network) and also via Iridium (satellite based, with global coverage). This device is a self-contained, DC-powered case, containing mainly a Single Board Computer (SBC board) running Linux for the PPP client software, an additional board hosting the new Iridium 9602 modem, plus a LCD touch display for terminal control and visualization of results. The major advantage of this design is that the PPP user terminal can be connected to virtually any professional GNSS receiver in the market, since practically all of them are able to generate raw output in RTCM format via a serial or USB port. For remote locations without GSM/GPRS coverage, satellite communications via Iridium shall be used. The Iridium SBD service has a low, uniform global latency reported to be of the order of half a minute. PPP service via Iridium is based on clock corrections sent at a rate of one minute; this is believed to be a reasonable compromise between positioning performances and communications costs. This paper describes the implementation of GMV ́s infrastructure for real-time PPP products and their usage in the new user terminal. PRECISE POINT POSITIONING PPP is a position location process which performs precise position determination using ionosphere-free measurements, obtained from the combination of undifferenced, dual-frequency observations coming from a single GNSS receiver, together with detailed physical models and corrections, and precise GNSS orbit and clock products calculated beforehand (for example products from IGS, the International GNSS Service). The quality of the reference orbits and clocks used in PPP is critical, as they are both two important error sources in GNSS positioning. Apart from observations and precise reference products, PPP algorithm also needs several additional corrections which mitigate systematic effects which lead to centimeter variations in the undifferenced code and phase observations, for example phase wind-up corrections, satellite antenna offsets, station displacements due to tides (earth and oceanic), etc. At a given epoch, and for a given satellite, the simplified observation equations are presented next: !! = ! + ! !!" − !!"# + !" + !! (1) !∅ = ! + ! !!" − !!"# + !" + !" + !∅ (2) Where: lP is the ionosphere-free combination of L1 and L2 pseudoranges lφ is the ionosphere-free combination of L1 and L2 carrier phases bRx is the receiver clock offset from the reference (GPS) time bSat is the satellite clock offset from the reference (GPS) time c is the vacuum speed of light Tr is the signal path delay due to the troposphere λ is the carrier combination wavelength N is the ambiguity of the carrier-phase ionosphere-free combination (it is not an integer number) εP and εφ are the measurement noise components, including multipath and other effects ρ is the geometrical range between the satellite and the receiver, computed as a function of the satellite (xSat, ySat, zSat) and receiver (xRx, yRx, zRx) coordinates as: ! = (!!"# − !!") + (!!"# − !!") + (!!"# − !!") (3) The observations coming from all the satellites are processed together in a process that solves for the different unknowns; the receiver coordinates, phase ambiguity terms, the receiver clock offset and the zenith tropospheric delay. Most implementations of PPP algorithms use a sequential filter in which the process noise for the coordinates is adjusted depending on the receiver dynamics, the time evolution of the clock is more or less unconstrained (white noise with a high sigma), and the process noise for the tropospheric delay is adjusted to standard tropospheric activity. In the case of phase ambiguities, they are considered as a constant per pass. Other implementations feature a batch algorithm instead, and therefore no process noise has to be modeled. In this case, the receiver clock offset is estimated at every measurement epoch, the coordinates are adjusted for all the observation interval (static mode) or per epoch (kinematic mode), the troposphere is estimated at regular fixed intervals and the ambiguities are also estimated per pass. Given that PPP is not a differential technique, it cannot resolve integer carrier phase ambiguities (at least, without new enhancements). Hence, it cannot converge to a precise solution in a short time, as other techniques do (RTK, for instance), and requires longer observation times for static positioning. PPP has been normally conceived as a global service, taking into account that the orbit and clock products are themselves global. This assumption can only be considered valid as long as the tracking network used for the computation of the precise products has worldwide coverage. Under the previous assumption, good visibility of the satellites along all their orbits can be expected, and the accuracy of the orbit and clock estimations does not depend on the receiver location. This approach may lead to some limitations as there are mainly two options in order to fulfill the global coverage: 1. To deploy a global stations tracking network. This may be complex for political and logistic reasons for example, and possibly too expensive to operate for a regional service provider, whose target may not necessarily be to guarantee a global positioning service. 2. To relay on an external precise orbit and clock product provider. This may limit accuracy, real time capabilities and multisystem approaches. For instance, the IGS products (ultra-rapid, rapid, or final) are widely used due to their known high accuracy, however the IGS does not currently provide GLONASS clocks. Furthermore, oficial IGS products (IGS Real Time Pilot Project, http://www.rtigs.net/, provide precise ephemeris corrections with few seconds latency) have a latency of several hours, which makes them not valid for real-time PPP. In the frame of this paper, and taking advantage of magicGNSS


By the method of combining investigation in person,analogous analysis and system review,the investigationand study have been carried out on living condition of residents who have already relocated and once lived in Antaibao village,Baixinyao village,Shangyao village and Xiyu village.The results indicated that: there is great improvement of relocation peasant in the living condition after getting certain land compensation.Meanwhile,mining provides peasant households with reemployment opportunity.The peasant households who can rely on mining area could develop various business activities related to the development of mining area,such as strip,coal washing,transportation and planting,also,they gained more than ever.Though their living condition has improved,there are no other employment channels for some peasants,whose basic undertake of life is influenced,because of the lost of land.This kind of contradiction is more and more bulge with the constant enlargement of mining scale.Continuing to carry out the land reclaiming and solving the circulating of using right of reclaimed land have become the important measure for social stability development in industryand agriculture of mining area.


The spatial structure and atomic arrangement of chromium(Ⅲ) oxide are discussed,then,the ab initio calculation of band-gap and modified irons are carried out.The calculation results of band-gap indicate that the band-gap gradually becomes narrow and close to that of system material with the aggrandizement of model's spatial scale.The calculation results of modified irons indicate that band-gap will markedly be broadened if the models are modified by Ti4+ and Al3+ irons,comparatively band-gap will not change if the models are modified by Zn2+,but the band-gap will become narrow if the models are modified by Fe3+,Co2+ and Ni2+ irons.


Coordination polymers (CPs) with infinite metal-S bond networks have unique electrical conductivities and optical properties, thus drawing attention. However, the development of new (-M-S-) n -structured CPs is hindered by their crystallization difficulty. Herein, we use machine learning to optimize the synthesis of trithiocyanuric acid (H 3 ttc)-based semiconductive CPs with infinite Ag-S bond networks, report three CP crystal structures, and reveal that isomer selectivity is mainly determined by proton concentration in the reaction medium. One of the CPs, [Ag 2 Httc] n , features a 3D extended infinite Ag-S bond network with 1D columns of stacked triazine rings, which, according to first-principle calculations, provide separate paths for holes and electrons. Time-resolved microwave conductivity experiments show that [Ag 2 Httc] n is highly photoconductive ( φ Σ μ max = 1.6 × 10 -4 cm 2 V -1 s -1 ). Thus, our method promotes the discovery of novel CPs difficult to crystallize with selective topologies.


A double-loop control structure was developed to guarantee optimal operation of a benchmark boiler over the whole operating range,with the inner loop using adaptive nonlinear control to provide input-state feedback linearization and the outer loop using linear control to track performance.The adaptive nonlinear control automatically compensates for the effects of system parameter uncertainty and the unpredictable disturbances without accurate mathematical models.Simulation results show that the adaptive nonlinear control is an effective approach to a class of nonlinear systems with non-minimum phase characteristics.


The main characteristic of computer automation technology is its computer function. Then it is combined with computer aided design, computer aided manufacturing, computer aided manufacturing and so on, so as to form today's electronic computer. It combines computer information technology, circuit theory, information analysis and so on, so as to enhance the performance and efficiency of the computer. This article  mainly analyzes the present situation of electronic engineering automation technology, discusses the importance of electronic engineering automation technology, and its application field and the future development prospect, so as to initiate some related thinking and put forward some personal suggestions. For your reference.


This article addresses human dignity as both a constitutional and international legal precept. It focuses primarily on actual use of human dignity and related phrases by the United States Supreme Court through 1982. General trends in actual use are documented as well as the frequency of use and the Justices who used human dignity as a precept in constitutional decisionmaking through 1982. The article also identifies actual trends toward specific content and uses in connection with various other constitutional rights and precepts. Finally, the article offers a jurisprudential approach to further inquiry and use of human dignity.


Background: All health-care professionals should be concerned about percutaneous injuries brought on by needle sticks and other sharp objects since they increase the potential of occupational transmission of blood-borne diseases such as hepatitis C, hepatitis B, and human immunodeficiency virus from the patient to the health-care professionals. The causes include several things, such as the type and design of the needle, recapping activity, handling or transferring specimens, colliding with sharps or other health-care workers during clean-up, manipulating needles while working on the patient line, passing/handling devices or failing to dispose of the needle in a puncture-proof container.

Aim and Objective: This study aims to evaluate the risk of needle-stick injuries (NSI) among healthcare professionals and their understanding of the condition to give useful information on post-exposure therapy and preventative strategies.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was divided into an incidence study on NSI, and a study on the level of knowledge, risk assessment, prevention, and post-exposure prophylaxis. A total of 211 healthcare workers belonging to a tertiary care hospital participated. Institutional ethical approval was taken before the study. Data were evaluated by using SPSS software for descriptive analysis.

Results: The study reveals that staff nurses (n = 65, 30.8%) were at higher risk for NSI followed by laboratory technicians (n = 53, 25.1%). The major causes observed were blood withdrawal (n = 83, 39.3%), followed by suturing (n = 32, 15.2%).

Conclusions: It is concluded, that the greatest strategy to prevent numerous illnesses among healthcare professionals is to prevent NSI. It should be a crucial component of workplace prevention programs, and training on safety procedures ought to be a continuous process for all health-care centers. Risk assessments, prevention tactics, and post-exposure prophylaxis guidelines are a must to follow.


environmental movement in response and reaction to such destructiveness. This, coupled with the obvious importance of religion (and/or spirituality) as a form and expression of valueand meaning-building oriented around the non-material, necessitates a careful consideration of the nexus of the two; not simply how ''world'' or ''traditional'' religions are reacting (as important as this is), but also the reactions of those who understand their deep environmental commitments to be non-religious. Though certainly some of the conclusions of the discussion are applicable beyond the context of environmentalism, especially with regard to defining ''religion'' and the imposition of the term on ''secular'' movements, the presenters believe that, by virtue of the global urgency of environmental matters, this context is of unique importance. This makes it of particular value to better understand whether or not we are dealing with a new form of religion or, alternatively, what characterizes this new and different form of religious/spiritual/ethical expression. It is to this discussion that each presenter contributes.


This article presents a study on Design for Sustainability (D4S) that we conducted in a small company assessing three innovative formulas of nail polish: conventional nail polish, hybrid polish, and gel polish. In light of the need to reduce environmental pollution, the negative social consequences of the production, and the use of various products, manufacturers are challenged to develop products that are economically feasible, attractive to consumers, cause no harm to workers and consumers, and are safe for the environment. In Europe, small and medium-sized companies (SMEs) produce more than half (by economic value) of all goods. However, are they able to implement D4S and do they have the appropriate tools for it? During our case study, we addressed the question about the existence of a suitable tool for SMEs to apply D4S. As the tool, we used a multicriterion matrix visualized as a star diagram and adjusted to the needs of a specific company. The newest development in nail coatings – hybrid polish – seems to be the best formula as it provides optimal technical performance and reduces health and environmental impacts. We demonstrated that decision-making is assisted by the use of a simple multi-criterion matrix in the form of a star diagram that integrates environmental and social aspects during the product design phase in a systematic and transparent way.


Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data have been used to derive hydrological features, which serve as inputs to various models. Currently, elevation data are available from several Major sources and at different spatial resolutions. This paper shows the quality and accuracy of drainage network analysis resulted from ASTER DEMs. Hydrology toolsets in the when we used the vector datasets for Analyzing in separate land features. The agreement degree between two layers is very low for spatial pattern, river frequency and drainage density in lowland areas. ArcGIS package was used to extract drainage networks from a grid DEM for cheshmehkhan catchment in the northeastern of Iran. We have compared the Extracted networks from DEM (DEM layer) with the one derived from aerial photographs and high resolution satellite Images as real ground (Geo layer). Results showed both the DEMs and current GIS algorithms have basic imperfections. However, the drainage morphometry results based on extracted rivers from DEM are similar of Natural network in the raster format and for whole catchment area but there are many large differences.


A method for amplification of nucleic acid sequences. The present method uses RNA / DNA chimeric oligonucleotide as primers. The primers have interspersed along its length distribution RNA residues, and no two primers ribonucleotides are adjacent to each other. The present method can be used to reduce primer-dimers and other nonspecific amplification products. The present invention further provides a RNA amplification method comprising the present practice for / DNA chimeric oligonucleotide primer nucleotide kit.


Pangandaran waters is one of productive fishing ground for Indonesian fisheries. One of potential catch in this area is red snapper. Red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) is a type of demersal fish. This species can live in shallow waters to deep seas. Growth measurement is carried out as an anticipation on the presence of overfishing which causes red snapper stocks to decline. Hence, current field work focused on the growth characteristics and factor conditions of red snapper which landed in PPI Cikidang Pangandaran west Java. Present study may provide information related on fish species production. The survey and observation methods were used to collect the data in February 2021. The sampling location was carried out at the PPI Cikidang, Pangandaran. The data of weight and length of red snapper landed at PPI Cikidang were recorded and analyzed descriptively. The results revealed that growth of red snapper landed at the PPI Cikidang was categorized as negative allometric with b < 3, at 1.92. The condition factor has an average of 1.29 which means that the fish are classified as fat or not flat. Keywords: Growth Characteristics; Condition Factor; Red Snapper; Lutjanus campechanus; PPI Cikidang.


This paper is well-written, and presents an interesting technique to construct broadband longwave radiance from IASI data. The literature review is thorough, and most of the scientific content seems sound. There are some places where the paper seems to place too much equivalence between broadband LW radiance and LW flux, and I found some other things that should be revised, listed below. After these revisions are made, I feel that the paper is suitable for publication.


The electrical breakdown of liquid dielectrics is a complicated process and there is no single theory that explains all the experimental results. Specific experimental conditions will be the determining factor as to which of the several mechanisms will be operative. Because of poor control of liquid purity prior to 1950 the large scatter of breakdown measurements had precluded a determination of factors controlling the intrinsic dielectric strength. During the fifties it became possible to measure a breakdown strength which depends upon a particular variable, other variables being held constant. This is done by giving special attention to chemical and physical purification (filtering) of the sample, close control of the electrode surface polish and geometry, and the use of pulsed voltages. Under these antiseptic laboratory conditions, the extrinsic mechanisms (which usually result in low values of breakdown) can be more or less avoided and one can measure a relatively high strength. These values can be reproduced by different investigators and serve as a basis for evaluation of theories of breakdown. More recently new techniques have been developed to investigate transient phenomena prior to, and in the early stages, of breakdown. These have supplied additional evidence concerning the mechanisms by which ionization leads to a conducting path between the electrodes. On the one hand, there are the mechanisms in which ionization occurs in the liquid phase while on the other, those in which it occurs in a gas (low density) phase produced prior to breakdown (bubble or cavitation theory).


: The aim of this study was to understand the efficacy of recombinant type III human collagen in skin care cosmetics. A blank control group and a recombinant type III human collagen sample group with concentrations of 0.0025% and 0.01% respectively were set up to understand the skin care efficacy at different concentrations. The moisturising effect test, repair effect test and anti-wrinkle effect test were carried out. The results showed that the recombinant type III human collagen sample at a concentration of 0.0025% produced an effect on skin care; the recombinant type III human collagen sample at a concentration of 0.01% produced a very significant effect on the skin.


In children treated with immunosuppressive medication such as methotrexate and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors, additional immunizations are recommended because of increased susceptibility to infections. However, it is unclear if adequate antibody response to vaccinations can be established in children receiving methotrexate and/or TNF-α inhibitors. In a prospective open label study, we assessed seroprotection and seroconversion following influenza vaccination during 2 seasons (6 strains) in 36 children with autoimmune disease treated either with methotrexate (n=18), TNF-α inhibitors (n=10) or both (n=8) and a control group of 16 immunocompetent children. Influenza antibody titers were determined by hemagglutinin inhibition assay, before and 4-8 weeks after vaccination. Post-vaccination seroprotection (defined as a titer ³1:40) did not significantly differ between immunosuppressed and immunocompetent subjects. Seroconversion, defined as the change from a nonprotective (


We have designed and fabricated an electrostatic actuator for operation in ionic media. The device was designed to mechanically stimulate cells and to study their mechanical properties. The frequency dependence of the device has been characterized for different media. A simple lumped capacitor circuit model for the device agrees fairly well with the experimental results. Surface treatment techniques to avoid stiction in the device have also been studied.


A marine acoustic source system and method for steering a seismic source array in a body of water during a seismic survey. The method includes measuring an actual position (430) of the seismic source array (406a); calculating a virtual position (434) of the seismic source array (406a), wherein the virtual position (434) corresponds to a position of the seismic source array when towed with no adjustment from a source steering device (408a); retrieving a pre-plot path (450) that includes desired positions of the seismic source array (406a) for the seismic survey; and steering the vessel based on the virtual position (434) so that the virtual position (434) lies on the pre-plot path (450).


A sustainable and secure society is one that meets its water needs without destroying the ecosystems upon which it depends or the prospects of generations yet to come. The good news is that it is possible to achieve this goal. Currently agriculture accounts for about 70 percent of world water use industry for about 22 percent and towns and municipalities for 8 percent. Opportunities to increase the efficiency of water use on farms in factories and in cities and homes have barely been tapped. Efficiency improvements alone however will not suffice. In light of population growth and rising affluence individuals have an important role to play by making responsible choices about their consumption patterns--from diets to material purchases. (excerpt)


In this paper we give quantitative evidence for the electrical origin of two optical phenomena exhibited by commercial liquid crystal displays (LCDs) which affect its performance in spatial light modulation applications such as programmable diffractive optical elements (DOEs). These two optical phenomena are associated with a degradation of the spatial frequency response of the LCD. The first optical effect is the existence of spurious diffraction orders located halfway between the vertical diffraction orders produced by the pixelation of the LCD. The second is the dependence of the phase modulation depth on the horizontal local spatial frequency when displaying phase-only DOEs. Electrical measurements for the signal addressed to the LCDs are shown which demonstrate that they are directly related with these two optical phenomena. We also show how the spurious orders can be eliminated with a proper balance of the electrical signal, and we discuss strategies to compensate for the effects of the anamorphic and frequency dependent phase modulation depth.


ABSTRACT The identification of parameters in large dynamic systems is difficult because of the excessive computational time required to solve the large number of differential equations occurring. A method of solving these equations is presented which for the identification problem enables solutions to be quiekly obtained. The identification of parameters is then achieved by hill climbing on the unknown parameters in the mathematical model.


INTRODUCTION
The prostate cancer is an important cause of men's mortality in our society.

PURPOSE
To know the time of delay in to realise the surgical treatment of the prostate cancer.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Analysis of 30 cases of patients treated with radical prostatectomy, cuantifying the time of delay in all the periods of the process.

RESULTS
Appointment in general practitioner-first appointment in urology: 21.7 days. First appointment in urology-biopsy: 22.8. Biopsy-diagnosis: 34.3. Diagnosis-appointment of anesthesiology: 28.5. Anesthesiology-radical prostatectomy: 25.7.

CONCLUSIONS
There are actions for to reduce the delay in to perform the diagnosis or treatment, where we can act how an improvement plan: to give poblational education in general and information to the patient in particular, to analyze the rules of medical action, to improve the coordination between level, to improve the flexibility in outpatients appointment and time waiting for diagnosis test and treatment, to correct the temporality, to create clinical units of many specialties and to improve the politics of health.


This paper presents the experimental study on flow pattern identification for air-water two-phase flow in a vertical tube at low pressure. The flow patterns were identified by visual observation with the aid of a stroboscope. The flow regime maps illustrated the transitions from intermittent flow to bubble flow and from intermittent flow to annular flow were obtained through the experiments. The differential pressure signals of the flow in the axial direction of the tube were collected in the experiments. By means of the statistical analysis of the differential pressure signals, the curves of the power spectrum density (PSD) versus frequency of the signals for major flow patterns were obtained. It is found that the intermittent flow, bubble flow and annular flow can be clearly identified in accordance with their characteristics of the differential pressure signals and the PSD curves of the corresponding signals.


"Indeed, one of the first lessons one learns from studying a variety of hypothetical models is that the problem of economic stabilization is, even in principle, an extremely intricate one, and that a much more thorough investigation of both theoretical principles and empirical relationships would be needed before detailed policy recommendations could be justified." A. W. Phillips (1957, reprinted 1965, p. 677)


Gene deletion vector pXL05(pKC1139::△olmA1+△olmA4) was used to disrupt oligomycin PKS encoding genes (olmA ) in Streptomyces avermitilis CZ8-73, the producer of anthelmintic avermectins B and the cell growth inhibitor oligomycin, olmA gene cluster in the chromosome was displaced by deletion allele on the plasmid via double crossover. Four of disruptants were confirmed by Southern blotting. Shaking flask experiments and HPLC analyses showed that the four mutants no longer produced the toxic oligomycin, but only made four components of avermectins B, which were avermectin Bla, Blb, B2a, B2b. The yields of avermectins B in these mutants were separately equal to those in CZ8-73. This revealed that olmA genes deletion did not affect the biosynthesis of avermectins. The deletion mutants were proved to be genetically stable, and thus might be promising strains in industrial production of avermectins B.


In the conditions of global warming, in particular the growing aridity of the steppe zone of Ukraine, as well as the deficit of organic matter and declining nitrogen reserves in the soil, agricultural producers are faced with the task of finding effective cultivation of drought-resistant crops that are competitive in the market, have economic feasibility and unpretentiousness in cultivation.

The experiment was established in 2021 in the research field of the Department of Field and Vegetable Crops within the land use of LLC «Iceberg» Rozdilna district of Odessa region. The administrative center is located in the village Grebinky. The experiment is two-factor: factor A – varieties of amaranth, factor B – the density of standing amaranth plants. Variants of the experiment are arranged sequentially in 3 repetitions. The total area under the experiment is 10 thousand m2, the total area of the plot is 555,0 m2, the accounting area is 300,0 m2. The predecessor is Sudanese grass for hay and green fodder on 2 cuts. Agricultural techniques in the experiment are adopted for the cultivation of organic amaranth, without fertilizers and plant protection products. Amaranth was sown with 60 cm row spacing with the help of ASTRA NOVA 5б4 seed drill.

One of the features of amaranth plants is the specificity of the location of leaves on the stem, which determines the effective use of sunlight even in thickened crops. Our research studies have established a certain effect of changes in the density of amaranth crops on its productivity. The best yields of amaranth grain are observed at a sowing density of 150 thousand pieces/ha. It was found that the highest yield of amaranth grain in the experiment was obtained by Lera variety and was in the version of 150 thousand pieces/ha – 3,34 t/ha, which exceeds the control version by 0,53 t/ha, or 18,9%, and we prove mathematically (LSD05 for AB = 0,21 t/ha). The same applies to the variety Kharkivsky-1, where under the conditions of the year the largest grain yield was obtained in the variant with a sowing density of 150 thousand pieces/ha and amounted to – 3,06 t/ha, exceeding the control variant by 0,25 t/ha, or by 8,9%, which is a significant difference. Further increase or decrease in sowing density provided a decrease in yield. To obtain quality products from harvesting to direct processing into amaranth grain, a set of technological operations of post-harvest processing is used, the purpose of which is to prevent losses and preserve all its useful properties. From the conducted research studies, it is possible to draw a conclusion that the nature of amaranth grain is very variable indicator. The main factors that influence the nature of amaranth grain include the method of grain laying, grain density, variety, surface condition, fullness, moisture content of the grain mass. With an increase of humidity there is the increase in the mass of 1000 grains, the speed of soaring and the angle of natural slope.

Studies have shown that the optimal sowing density for growing amaranth in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine is 150 thousand pieces/ha. Under such conditions, the highest yield of amaranth grain is formed, which under the conditions of the year was for the variety Kharkivsky-1 (universal) 3,06 t/ha and for the variety Lera (grain) – 3,34 t/ha. Knowledge of the basic physical and technological characteristics of the grain mass is a prerequisite for determining the optimal modes of technological equipment for post-harvest processing and reliable storage of grain for processing.


Abstract 3803 Poster Board III-739 Background Transfusional iron overload can cause hepatocellular injury, which manifests as increased liver transaminase levels and, in some cases, may progress to cirrhosis. The once-daily oral iron chelator deferasirox (Exjade®) has been shown to reduce iron overload in patients with various transfusion-dependent anemias, and a previous analysis demonstrated a correlation between decreased iron overload and improved transaminase levels [Brissot P et al. Blood 2006;108(11):abst 3817]. As liver dysfunction is a common complication in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), this analysis evaluates the relationship between serum ferritin (as a marker of iron overload) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT; as a marker of liver function) during deferasirox treatment in a large MDS population. Methods This analysis is based on data from iron overloaded MDS patients aged ≥2 years who were enrolled in the 1-year multicenter EPIC study; patients with a life expectancy Results In total, 341 patients with MDS (mean age 67.9 ± 11.4 years) were enrolled in the EPIC study. Mean actual deferasirox dose during treatment was 19.2 ± 5.4 mg/kg/day. Median serum ferritin at baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months was 2730, 2358, 2210, 2076 and 1904 ng/mL, respectively, and the median change from baseline was significant at 12 months (P=0.0019). Mean ALT at the same time points was 59.7, 48.4, 42.0, 40.5 and 36.1 U/L, respectively; mean change from baseline in ALT at 12 months was also significant (P Conclusions In these chronically transfused MDS patients, deferasirox treatment produced a significant decrease in serum ferritin during 1 year of treatment. Improvements in ALT, which is an important indicator of hepatocellular injury, mirrored the reductions in serum ferritin and these changes were significantly correlated. Additional prospective studies are warranted to further investigate this association between iron burden and liver dysfunction in MDS. Disclosures: Gattermann:Novartis: Honoraria, Participation in Advisory Boards on deferasirox clinical trials. Habr:Novartis Pharmaceuticals: Employment. Domokos:Novartis Pharma AG: Employment. Roubert:Novartis Pharma AG: Employment. Fenaux:Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding; Roche: Honoraria, Research Funding; Ortho Biotech: Honoraria, Research Funding; Amgen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Cephalon: Honoraria, Research Funding; Merck: Honoraria, Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding.


This dissertation has been read by each member of the following graduate committee and by majority vote has been found to be satisfactory. As chair of the candidate's graduate committee, I have read the dissertation of Bailey C. Hsu in its final form and have found that (1) its format, citations, and bibliographical style are consistent and acceptable and fulfill university and department style requirements; (2) its illustrative materials including figures, tables, and charts are in place; and (3) the final manuscript is satisfactory to the graduate committee and is ready for submission to the university library. Doctor of Philosophy I derive and apply quantum propagator techniques to atomic and condensed matter systems. I observe many interesting features by following the evolution of a wavepacket. In atomic systems, I revisit the Stern-Gerlach effect and study the spin dynamics inside an inhomogeneous magnetic field. The results I obtained are not exactly the same as the textbook description of the effect which is usually a manifestation of a perfect space and spin entanglement. This discovery can provide insight on more reliable quantum computation device designs. In condensed matter systems, the doping concentration inhomogene-ity leads to the Rashba spin-orbit interaction. This makes it possible to control the spin without the external magnetic field. By propagating the wave packet in systems exhibiting Rashba spin-orbit interactions, I discover several features such as spin separation, spin accumulation, persistent spin-helix, ripple formation. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to acknowledge and thank my advisor Dr. Jean-François S. Van Huele for his commitment to helping me learn and succeed and for the many productive discussions related to this and other research projects which helped me to master concepts and ideas. Many thanks go to Dr. Manuel Berrondo for his idea on the numerical propagation method and never-ceasing inspirations. I would also like to express my gratitude to Dr. Branton Campbell for his guidance on Mathematica programming and academic-career planning. Last but not least, I would like to acknowledge Dr. Eric Hirschmann and affiliated members of Theoretical physics in BYU for their help with my presentation skills and manuscripts. I would also like to thank the members of my committee for letters of recommendation and for introducing me to other professionals.


10MW High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor (HTR-10) was designed and built by the Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology (INET) of Tsinghua University in China. It has desired characteristics such as inherent safety, modularity, relatively low cost and short construction period. In order to provide a convenient tool for engineering design, safety analysis, operator training and control system design, the Simulation and Assistance System of HTR-10 has been designed and is still under development .The Simulation and Assistant System of HTR-10 mainly includes three subsystems-simulation system based on network, visualized control system and real time network communication system. This paper introduced the function and the technology characteristic of the Simulation and Assistant System of HTR-10 as a whole and stressed on the real time network communication system which was developed under DOS platform with TCP/IP protocol. It provided the design and the implementation methods by programming.


From studies in Africa and Latin-America it has become clear that cultural variables are not related to safe sex behavior. Factors such as gender roles, believing in myths and stigmatization of certain groups can lead to unsafe sexual behavior. These variables have not been studied before in the Netherlands. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between cultural variables, such as gender roles, myths and stigmatization, social cognitions and unsafe sex behavior under both autochthonal and foreign adolescents


In this paper, we have studied the spectrum of curvature perturbation of m ulti-(cid:12)eld in(cid:13)ation with generalsm all-(cid:12)eld potential. W e assum e that the isocurvature perturbation m ay be neglected,and by using the Sasaki-Stewartform alism ,we found thatthe spectrum m ay be redder or bluer than of its corresponding single (cid:12)eld. The result depends upon the values of(cid:12)elds and their e(cid:11)ective m asses at the horizon-crossing tim e. W e discuss the relevantcases.


Graphs without proper endomorphisms are the subject of this article. It is shown that the join of two graphs has this property if and only if both summands have it, and that the lexicographic product of a complete graph or an odd circuit as first factors has this property if and only if the second factor has it. A somewhat stronger theorem is proved if the lexicographic product has no proper strong endomorphism. The corresponding result for the join is the same as for usual endomorphisms.


The invention discloses a gamma curve adjusting method, a gamma voltage generator and a display device. The method is used for a display control system of the display device, and includes the steps of: analyzing the distribution of all sub-pixel gray scale values of all colors of a picture; and adjusting at least one gamma reference voltage according to the distribution of the sub-pixel gray-scale value of the color to enable the number of a plurality of gray scales and gray scale voltages corresponding to a plurality of sub-pixel gray scale values in at least one preset interval with a relatively large statistical quantity or a relatively large rate to be increased, and to enable the number of a plurality of gray scales and gray scale voltages corresponding to a plurality of sub-pixel gray scale values in at least one preset interval with a relatively small statistical quantity or a relatively small rate to be decreased.


A semantics-based method for density-based clustering with constraints imposed by geographical background knowledge is proposed. In this paper, we apply an ontological approach to the DBSCAN (Density-Based Geospatial Clustering of Applications with Noise) algorithm in the form of knowledge representation for constraint clustering. When used in the process of clustering geographic information, semantic reasoning based on a defined ontology and its relationships is primarily intended to overcome the lack of knowledge of the relevant geospatial data. Better constraints on the geographical knowledge yield more reasonable clustering results. This article uses an ontology to describe the four types of semantic constraints for geographical backgrounds: "No Constraints", "Constraints", "Cannot-Link Constraints", and "Must-Link Constraints". This paper also reports the implementation of a prototype clustering program. Based on the proposed approach, DBSCAN can be applied with both obstacle and non-obstacle constraints as a semi-supervised clustering algorithm and the clustering results are displayed on a digital map.


Even in a vital place of cultural heritage, culture does not exist independently but adheres to a certain carrier. Natural environment, historical context and man, the creator of culture make up the trinity of cultural unity, among which culture is the soul, man is the creator and natural environment, historical context and man are the carrier of culture. Cultural unity will enjoy dynamic and sustainable development if man gives full play to his subjective initiative.


Bananas and plantains (Musa sp.) are the most important staple food and source of carbohydrates in many countries of Africa. The production is often constrained by many pests and diseases. In order to augment conventional breeding and to avoid constraints imposed by some pests and pathogens, transgenic approaches are being considered. The development of transgenic Musa plants has been achieved recently using the microprojectile bombardment procedure or Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The transgenic approach shows potential for the genetic improvement of the crop using a wide set of transgenes currently available which may confer resistance to nematode pests, fungal, bacterial and viral diseases. This article discusses the applications of genetic engineering for the enhancement of Musa production.


The concept of Life style is Important category of modern cultural antropology. Among many styles of modern Russian culture we can highlight the life style that is characteristic of rock-culture. Methodology of the research is founded on the participant observation and participant narrative inreview. As a result of the research we can name features of this life style. The structure elements of the rock-life style are the degree of unity of style, attitude to deviations, appearance, border between private and public spheres, free time, kind and focus of communications, the main values. The main feature of rock-life style is its unstructured and inseparability from other styles, tolerance towards. One from specific expression of the rock-life style is tendency to deviant practices. The chief among them is drinking. Subjects of rock-culture often make only declarations of such position, but not everybody realise it in practice. Rock-musicians associate drinking with the transition from one role to another. Tendency to deviations entails relativism in appearance. Appearance symbols become irrelevant. Democracy remains the only requirement for appearance. The relativism in external forms of expression entails enternal ambivalence. Disregard for borders between public and private spheres or work amd free time is formed. The main instrument of this process is radical creative attitude to reality. The creation becomes ethical imperative of rock-culture. This fact entails constructive content of free time and the rejection from dysfunctional practices and dysfunctional communications. Ultimatly, disregard for external symbols, ante-fashion strategies, filling free time with creative activity, versatile communications, permanent carnival of everyday life, routinization of holiday, deviant practices, radical creative attitude to reality form concept that is dominant of the life style in the rock-culture. This is the value of freedom with its derived practices. We talk about different dimensions of freedom. This is freedom of expression, freedom of creativity, freedom from dysfunctional conditions and srereotypes in ethics and morals. Besides it, we can talk about individualization. This feature is the method transformation of the system of social stratification. Rock-musicians and representatives of their circle are boycotting «normal» system of social relations. They create their own society where the main criterias of social stetus become creative potential and charisma.


Clouds can have a major impact on performance and mission opportunity of ground and airborne laser weapons. Database summaries and modeling techniques are presented for the physical and optical characteristics, frequency of occurrence, and probability of cloud-free line-of-sight (PCFLOS) of mid-level and high-altitude clouds. Emphasis is on subvisual and thin cirrus due to its predominance at mid- latitude. The statistical models presented are for top-level system engagement analyses, and to generate cloud realizations for more accurate simulation. The first portion of the presentation describes the requirements and limitations of current approaches and databases used for modeling. Criteria such as period-of-record, meteorological anomalies, spatial and temporal resolution, and measurement and data collection techniques, are discussed. The next part describes the effects of variations in cloud thickness, altitude, extinction, and scatter ratio on laser weapon operations and availability. This is followed by a practical, validated method for estimating PCFLOS as a function of elevation angle based on commonly-recorded, site-specific meteorological parameters.


According to the market research,frequency analysis and hypothesis testing methods were used to analyze Guangxi farmers' incomes,marketing concepts and marketing methods.It pointed that the income of Guangxi farmers was not high,marketing concept of most farmers was old,marketing methods were not advanced enough,they need more guidance and assistance from the relevant departments.


 Abstract : The author outlines the matrix and parameters of the forms of basic intonation of Chinese texts, and, based on the traditional Chinese graphic expression Jiugong(nine squares), systematically describes the tonal ranges and various forms of basic intonation. She concludes that if we express the pitch and length of the texts by means of two coordinate axes, and each coordinate axis is divided into three levels, a Jiugong matrix of intonation will be established, and different two-dimensional acoustic features can be found at various points on the Jiugong diagram. The Jiugong matrix of intonation as expounded in this paper serves as the rules for the combination of intonations and covers all the basic tones of Chinese


The construction site of the foundation pit support project in the urban area is narrow. Micropile has the advantages of flexible pile position layout, strong site adaptability, and fast construction speed, which can effectively control the horizontal displacement of the foundation pit and ensure the safety of surrounding buildings. However, the lateral bearing capacity of micropile is weak. In order to study the lateral force characteristics and failure characteristics of micropile, laboratory tests on the flexural and tensile strength of reinforced concrete micropiles with different diameters and with or without external steel pipes were performed. The authors studied the lateral force characteristics and failure characteristics of various types of micropiles. Based on numerical simulation software ABAQUS, the measured yield strength of the specimen was used as the loading force. And taking the occurrence and development of concrete damage into consideration, the loading process was simulated. The result shows the following: (1) the micropile specimens with external steel pipe had better flexural performance than the bare micropiles and the mechanical characteristics of the specimens changed from brittleness to plasticity; (2) the degree of concrete damage is greatly reduced after the external steel pipe is attached, and the bearing capacity of the micropile specimen of the same diameter is increased by 70% after the external steel pipe is added; and (3) the specimens were mainly damaged due to tensile damage. The calculation formula for the lateral bearing capacity of the concrete-filled steel tube micropile considering the damage is proposed through fitting analysis. The calculation formula, the finite element calculation value, and the calculation formula proposed by other scholars are compared with the authors' test and the test data of other scholars. The meta-calculation results, experimental results, and formula calculation results proposed by the authors have high accuracy.


In this paper, we will explore the differences in the food systems of XVII–XVIIIst Mexico City's indians and castas through microelemental analysis. The different components of diet in these groups will refer us to food practices depending on cultural selection, more than acquisition capacity. This investigation were developed using a biocultural framework to the understanding of food and nutrition in the past.


For reasonably exploiting and protecting ocean-the natural treasury,gaining the benefit and avoiding the disserve,it is necessary to carry on longterm,continuous,multi-factor and multi-dimensional space ocean environment monitoring.This paper is to introduce the design thought,technique route and the system function of the real time three-dimensional ocean dynamic environmental monitoring system.


Predictive and efficient lithography simulation is an important component of the semiconductor industry efforts to develop the next generation of deep submicron technologies. Emerging technologies are based on elements with very small feature sizes and extremely complex and nonplanar topographies. Therefore lithography processing has to provide high resolution with large depth of focus. Simultaneously such effects as nonplanar reflections and notching as well as refractive index dependence on local absorbed dose are very critical for printing small mask elements using short wavelength radiation. This work presents a new approach for simulating the exposure process that takes into account these effects in complex nonplanar 2D/3D resist-substrate structures. Because the method is very general it can be used for different types of radiation (UV, EUV, X-ray) as well as for multiexposure processes and multilayer and nonlinear resists. Complete exposure simulations for a typical 2D structure take 2-20 sec on a Sun Ultra-10 workstation while 3D simulations may take from 0.5 to 30 minutes.


OBJECTIVE
Describe the symptoms experienced by patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), compare women and men with regard to their physical and psychologic symptoms, and determine the predictors of fatigue for the group as a whole and for women separately.

DESIGN
Correlational, predictive.

PARTICIPANTS
One hundred four (48 women/56 men) outpatients with severe COPD and a mean age of 60 years.

MEASURES
Self-report of fatigue using the SF-36 energy/fatigue subscale and a "lack of energy" question. Self-report of dyspnea, general symptoms using the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale, and psychologic symptoms using the Brief Symptom Inventory. Pulmonary function tests and arterial blood gas levels.

RESULTS
Patients reported a moderate level of fatigue (mean of 44 on the SF-36), with no difference in the reports of men and women. When reporting their "lack of energy" during the past week, women reported more fatigue than did men. Other symptoms in descending order of reporting were dyspnea and cough. More women reported "don't look like myself" than did men. Women and men were similar in their psychologic symptoms except anxiety, which was higher in women (t = 2.64, p < .01). Predictors of fatigue (SF-36 subscale) for the group as a whole were found to be dyspnea and physical symptoms, predicting 42% of the variance. For the women alone, dyspnea and physical symptoms entered the equation, to predict 67% of the variance in fatigue.

CONCLUSIONS
Predictors of fatigue were similar for women compared to the group as a whole, with symptoms having more of an impact on fatigue than did physiologic variables.


Photostable quantum dot (QD)-glasses for use in optical devices can be prepared by solution-phase synthesis of the luminescent material followed by sol-gel processing, to embed the semiconductor particles in silica. Prevention of surface reactions that slowly quench the luminescence and degrade the QD is a key problem of their production. A solution to this was found in octylamine, which, when added during the sol-gel processing, not only passivates the surface of the QD but also accelerates the gelation process. CdSe QDs capped with ZnS thus treated remain luminescent over several months.


Many will agree that email is badly broken when it comes to protecting users from spam, especially spoofing. With the growing prevalence of social networking sites, the increasing visibility into end users' social connections will make it easy for scammers to figure out how to better forge return addresses, among other problems. Those who create social networking infrastructures must be vigilant in defending such sites, to keep spam issues from becoming as prevalent there as they now are with email.


Investigation on carbon and nutrient storages in the ecosystem of an upper montane forest (UMF) was carried out at Mt. Inthanon, the highest mountain in Thailand. A method of plant community analysis was used for studying vegetation structure and plant species diversity. Fifty sampling plots, 40I40 m 2 in size, were arranged using a stratified random technique over the forest from about 2,000 m to 2,565 m above mean sea level. Forest biomass of 47 woody species was calculated using allometric equations. The total plant biomass was estimated to be 703.8 Mg/ha. The total amounts of stored carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium in the biomass were calculated to be 347.91 Mg/ha, 4,038.79 kg/ha, 459.07 kg/ha, 2,001.37 kg/ha, 7,112.48 kg/ha and 1,515.47 kg/ha, respectively. Quercus eumorpha had the highest amount of nutrient storage, followed by Syzygium angkae , Shima wallichii , Litsea martabarnica , Lindera caudata , etc. The annual amounts of recycling through litterfall for these nutrients were in the following order: 3,425.31 kg/ha, 121.21 kg/ha, 5.54 kg/ha, 33.04 kg/ha, 303.06 kg/ha and 10.41 kg/ha. Their total amounts in organic layers were measured to be 19.46 Mg/ha, 594.30 kg/ha, 36.51 kg/ha, 101.78 kg/ha, 488.59 kg/ha and 56.64 kg/ha, respectively. The total amounts of carbon, nitrogen, extractable P, extractable K, extractable Ca and extractable Mg in a one meter soil profile were evaluated to be as follows: 262.47 Mg/ha, 10,209.41 kg/ha, 87.71 kg/ha, 227.24 kg/ha, 270.76 kg/ha and 64.69 kg/ha, respectively. Thus, the total ecosystem storages of carbon and nitrogen were in the following order: 629.84 Mg/haand 14,842.50 kg/ha. The storages of the two nutrients were high in this forest as it is an abundant forest that has not had forest fire and low levels of soil erosion.


Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image processing using different filters can produce different results for different parts of the image. Thus, specific applications require specific filters. In this study, we evaluated and compared the performance of several widely used filters, including the mean, median, Lee, Frost, Kuan, enhanced Lee, enhanced Frost, and gamma maximum a posteriori (MAP) filters, in suppressing speckle noise in GF-3 FSII images. We applied these filters to different images to determine the optimal filter and processing window size for different image parts, including strongly textured, homogeneous, and fringe areas. We found that the optimal filter for the strongly textured area was the Kuan filter (window size, 7 × 7). The optimal filters for homogeneous areas were the Kuan (7 × 7, 5 × 5, and 3 × 3), Lee (7 × 7), and mean filters (7 × 7). The optimal filters for fringe areas were the enhanced Lee (7 × 7 and 5 × 5) and enhanced Frost filters (7 × 7).


According to the thoughts of CBR, this paper constructs a Reasoning Semantic Web which is posed by reasoning fragment, by means of Ontology-based case representation, and provides the Storage and Searching algorithm of knowledge. It's a useful attempt in applying the experience of Criminal Investigation experts to the analysis of criminal cases.


The article discusses the results of a study of bending deformation and creep under transverse load of cured polymer composite materials (PCM), which were located for 8 months in full-scale environmental conditions in Saratov. It was found that being under the influence of natural climatic factors for the specified time leads to an increase in the bending deformation of samples from 13,5 to 25,4%, depending on the load. Processing in a microwave electromagnetic field with a frequency of 2450 MHz with an energy flux density of (17-18) x10 mW / cm for 2 minutes reduces bending deformation by (9-18)%, and creep - up to 4 times.


Ana-Maurine Lara's Queer Freedom: Black Sovereignty presents a compelling and unique ethnography of queer, Black, and Indigenous people and spiritual practices in the Dominican Republic. The book is based on more than three years of ethnographic fieldwork and interviews with activists, as well as the author's engagement with traditional ceremonies and observation of national Catholic celebrations. The activists represent different communities and people on the margins (Black, LGBTI, Indigenous, spiritual practitioners, poor, and/or rural) and mostly at the intersections of two or more. These entanglements offer a complex understanding of Caribbean Black, Indigenous, and queer communities. Lara argues for and uncovers pathways to Black decolonization that built upon an interdependence between queerness and blackness—and what it means to be free—particularly for Black, Indigenous, and queer people. Through personal and poetic narratives and experiences in these communities, Lara theorizes possibilities of freedom through everyday acts of resistance. Queer Freedom: Black Sovereignty is not the usual scholarly book because it incorporates creative storytelling and myth creation alongside ethnographic research of various spiritual and activist practices. Lara challenges how scholars write and theorize, in particular for Caribbean and postcolonial scholars and personal as well as political investments in community-based research. Lara affirms Black and Indigenous forms of creation and knowledge production; she demonstrates this through storytelling, ethnography, participatory research, creative non-fiction, poetry, myth-making, and spiritual practice. The book troubles the fields of anthropology and Caribbean and Africana Studies through transdisciplinary approaches to ethnography and an insistent demand for justice and research that is accountable and transgressive. The driving force of the book is a positioning of Black and queer as one (of and in itself), which requires the reader to think deeply about the interconnections between queerness and blackness, freedom and sovereignty. Lara argues that we see and understand these as pivotal to the ongoing and unfinished project of decolonization. In other words, there is no freedom without self-determination and decolonial liberation, and there is no Black freedom without queer freedom. By using a colon in between "queer freedom : black sovereignty," Lara insists


Contents Introduction 1. A King, a Prince, and Civil and Religious Liberty 2. The Regency Crisis 3. The Catholic Question 4. The Ways Begin to Part 5. The Parting of the Ways 6. Peterloo and Queen Caroline 7.Efforts at Emancipation, 1819-1825 8. Questionable Theories and Practical Politics in the 1820s 9. Lansdowne and Canning 10. The Constitutional Revolution Begins, 1828-1829 11. Reform 12. Resurgence 13. Cooperation and Confrontation 14. The Municipal Corporations Act 15. Irish Questions 16. Discontented Conservatives 17. The Jamaican Constitution and the Education Controversy 18. Wellington, Peel, and the Triumph of the Conservatives 19. A New Corn Law and Lord Ashley's Mines Bill 20. Religious Conflicts Begin, 1843 21. The Dissenters Chapels Act, the Factory Act, and the Welsh Bishops Bill 22. The Maynooth Grant, 1845 23. Corn Law Repeal, 1845-46 Conclusion Abbreviations in notes Notes Index


s with outstanding scientific contribution in the area of expertise that will be presented by the authors as part of the scientific program of the congress. FRIDAY, 13 MAY 2022 08:30–10:00 TRACK 1/ROOM 1 KICC OPENING SYMPOSIUM AND WEO BEST ABSTRACTS AWARDS HIROHUMI NIWA BEST WEO ABSTRACT AWARD BAA001: PLASTIC STENTS VS. NAGI BI-FLANGED METAL STENT FOR ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND GUIDED DRAINAGE OF WALLED-OFF NECROSIS A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED STUDY N. Jagtap, K.K. Koduri, S. Lakhtakia, J. Basha, Z. Nabi, M. Ramchandani, R. Kalapala, R. Yarlagadda, S. Asif, R. Gupta, M. Tandan, S.F. Memon, S. Darisetty, J. Singh, GV. Rao, DN. Reddy, EUS Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Medical Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Interventional Radiology, Hyderabad, India, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Surgical Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India AIMS: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guided drainage of walled off necrosis (WON) with either plastic stents or metal stents mainstay of WON management. A systemic review of retrospective studies showed no difference regarding treatment success for WON by plastic or metal stents. This is a single center randomized controlled study designed to evaluate efficacy of dedicated NAGI bi-flanged metal stent (BFMS) and plastic stents for WON drainage. METHODS: Patients with symptomatic WON amenable for EUSguided drainage were randomized to either BFMS or plastic stents. Patients having altered anatomy, WON not adherent to GI wall or not accessible for endoscopic drainage, previous percutaneous drainage were excluded. Primary outcome was comparison of reintervention free clinical success at 4 weeks which is defined as symptom resolution and significant reduction in WON size. Secondary outcomes were treatment success, number of re-interventions, hospital stay and treatment cost. RESULTS: A total of 92 patients were randomized either in BFMS (n = 46; mean age 34.9 (12.4) years) and plastic stents (n = 46; mean age 36.8 (11.1)years). There was no significant difference in terms of debris and maximum size of WON in both groups (P > 0.05). There was significantly higher need for reintervention in plastic stents group [52.2%(24/46)] compared to BFMS group [26.1%(12/46); P: 0.010]. The reintervention free clinical success was significantly higher in BFMS group (67.4% vs 45.7%; P: 0.035), however overall clinical success at one month similar in both groups (P: 0.503). There was significantly lower number of reinterventions including necrosectomy sessions (median 1 (IQR 1–2) vs 2(1–3) P: 0.020) required in BFMS group. Also, there was significantly lower hospital stay and total treatment cost in BFMS group (P < 0.05). There was no difference in procedure-related adverse events or mortality. CONCLUSIONS: The bi-flanged metal stent provides higher reintervention free clinical success at 4 weeks with lower hospital stay and treatment cost without increased risk of adverse events compared to plastic stents for EUS-guided drainage of


Three pairs of haploid and diploid cell lines, respectively originating from three octoploid triticale lines, F 1 hybrids B and C and primary strain F, were used for in vitro selection of salt tolerant variants at 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% NaCl levels, for the purpose of studying the genetic mechanism of the occurrence of salt tolerant variant. Experimental and analytical results showed that non selected cell lines consisted of three classes of cells. The first class cells which accounted for the majority of a cell line had no salt adaptability, the second class cells were non variant cells with some salt adaptability, that could be gradually eliminated through subcultures on selection medium. The third class were variant cells. The percentage of the second class cells in the hybrid derived cell lines was less than that of the cell lines from homozygous primary strain, thus it was relatively easy to select the salt tolerant variants from the hybrid derived cell lines. In comparing the variant frequencies of the three rounds of selections it was found that the variation in second round selection was based on the variation accurred in the first round selection, and by comparing the characteristics of these variants it was proposed that a genetic mechanism played in the production of salt tolerant variant cell could be an amplification of the salt tolerance genes with dominant effectiveness. The normal homologous chromosome in the diploid cell could interfere with the expression of the salt tolerant variation resulted from gene amplification. Such interference varied with the different genetic background of the triticale lines and appeared inconsistent among different rounds of selections.


Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) is a relatively new concept in the United States and is rapidly gaining in popularity. In 1998, the Federal Transit Administration started a program to encourage communities to invest in BRT. Today, a number of cities have begun developing BRT systems, while others are actively considering BRT investments. At the same time, recent research shows that BRT can meet or achieve the capacity and economic development potential of rail, but at a fraction of the cost. Despite these successes, challenges remain for further BRT deployment in the United States. Communities often view rail as superior to BRT and thus demand new rail systems. Government policies tend to reflect this preference by favoring investments in rail. As BRT continues to prove successful, interest in the technology will continue to grow. The challenge will be to ensure that BRT is evaluated on a level playing field with other technologies. The challenge is beginning to be met. For example, changes have been proposed in federal law that would make it easier for communities to invest in BRT. These proposals have been introduced in Congress. Moreover, some of the first BRT systems in theUS are showing positive results. These results are being noticed by policy makers and transport advocates, increasing the level of interest in BRT.


Leishmaniasis is a major public health problem globally. Visceral leishmaniasis is known to be fatal if left untreated, while cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most neglected. The first-line treatment of leishmaniasis is based on pentavalent antimonial drugs which are expensive, requiring inpatient treatment and toxic. The Plants containing active compounds against other protozoan diseases may offer alternatives against leishmania parasites. This study determined the in vitro Original Research Article Wafula et al.; IJTDH, 41(23): 30-43, 2020; Article no.IJTDH.64250 31 antileishmanial activity of Olea europaea, Kigelia africana, Terminalia mollis, Croton macrostachyus and Bridella micrantha extracts. The plant samples were dried, pulverized into fine powders and extracted using ethanol at the Center for Traditional Medicine and Drugs Research, KEMRI. The in vitro assays were carried out at the Leishmania laboratory, Centre for Biotechnology Research and Development, KEMRI. In invitro assays the inhibitory concentrations (IC50) and Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) on L. major promastigotes, percentage rates of macrophages infected by amastigotes and cytotoxicity on Vero cells were determined. For each parameter analyzed, differences among treatment groups exposed to different drugs were tested by logistic regression. Results showed that promastogote and amastigote growth inhibition was significantly affected by the crude extracts from the plants (P < 0.05) after 24 hours of exposure where the most effective drug was the standard drug (Amphotericin B) while among the crude extracts of the herbal drugs, T. mollis was the most effective against amastigote followed by C. macrostachyus while O. europaea was the least effective. Mammalian cell viability was significantly affected by the various test compounds (P < 0.05) after 24 hours exposure where % cell viability of herbal drugs, B. microstachyus, O. africana resulted to the most toxic effects by reducing the % cell viability to less than 50%. The study recommends the use of T. mollis in management of leishmaniasis in areas they occur. Further analysis of the active compounds that that affect efficacy of the plant extracts is advised.


The risk model a mpound negative binomial risk model of double line perturbed by diffusion——was extended,Asuming that the premium collecting frequencies are a stochastic negative binomial series,and the double-type claims are a negative binomial series,then a double-type insurance risk model with random income and diffusion was obtained.The formulas of ultimate ruin probability for this model was obtained.


I shall consider whether morality requires citizens of democratic societies to advance secular reasons in public debates on political questions. Is it wrong to give purely religious reasons in political discussion? I shall argue that the moral acceptability of public religious arguments that are not supported with secular reasons depends on the political context we are discussing, and that often there is nothing wrong with using religious considerations. I shall also discuss the so-called shared premises requirement in political argumentation. The overall aim of the paper is to clarify intuitions concerning the ideals of public reason on the one hand, and the commitment to religious liberty on the other.


This article firstly reported a blended learning case study(Human Cognition and Learning) which was built mainly on public and open internet services to publish learning resources and to provide various of learning support services. Based on the experience of the case study, the author introduced how to plan, design, and implement a blended learning course using public internet services.


General character of the decision making problems is offered. Classification features of the choice problem are shown. Approach of choice problem decomposition on the base of uniform feature and apparatus of fuzzy logic using is described.


Background
Dementia, a degenerative disease, requires alternative treatment to maintain function, but previous studies suggest only the therapeutic effect of a temporary program.

Primary Study Objective
The current study aimed to examine the effects of assistive technologies on cognitive function, daily living ability, and psychosocial symptoms in elderlies with mild cognitive impairment, elderlies with mild dementia and their caregivers.

Design
The research team designed an experimental study that used application as the intervention.

Setting
To recruit participants living in the local community, research participation was supported through local public health centers, welfare centers, and social welfare organizations. Evaluation and intervention were conducted by visiting the participant's home.

Participant
The study participants were 29 Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and 16 mild Alzheimer type dementia (AD) patients over the age of 75 with a total of 45 patients, 10 MCI caregivers and 11 AD caregivers with a total of 21 caregivers.

Intervention
The assistive technologies used for intervention are 3 area (8 daily living assistive devices, 7 safety assistive technologies, and 7 cognitive assistive technologies). Up to 5 assistive technologies were provided to one subject, and they were instructed to use them every day for 8 weeks.

Outcome measure
Participants were evaluated at baseline and postintervention using specific scales appropriate to an area: cognitive function, activities of daily living, depression, anxiety, quality of life, satisfaction.

Results
Cognitive function showed statistically significant changes in the MCI group. Basic activities of daily living, depression, anxiety, quality of life, satisfaction showed statistically significant positive effects in both MCI and AD groups. Instrumental activities of daily living did not show any statistically significant differences.

Conclusion
As an alternative to dementia care in the future, the application and management of assistive technologies for each area should be provided at the government level.


Nowadays news of civil life reports include more and more trivial details and vulgarities.This paper proposes that while reporting news of common people's life,we should find new ways to make the news more profound to meet the changing needs of the audience.Only in this way can the broadcasting station enjoy better reputation and become more competitive.


The finite element program BERSAFE is used to analyse an edge-cracked square plate under mode II loading in the elastic-plastic regime. Plane strain constraint and power law hardening with n = 3 are assumed. Crack tip stress and strain fields are investigated and shown to equal the HRR fields at all loads from small scale yielding through into general yielding.


[Objective]To explor the possibility of application of conical flask as an evaperation vessel in detecting the content of total dissolved solids in drinking water[Methods]The conical flask was placed on a electric stove to dry,and in electric oven to bake until the weight of conical flask was constant,at temperature of 180±3 ℃,and then was used to detect the total dissolved solids in drinking waterThe comparison between conical flask method and National Standard Method was made[Results]The levels of total dissolved solids obtained according to conical-flask method and National Standard Method revealed no significaut differences(P05)[Conclusion]The detection of total dissolved solids in drinking water by conical flask method was rapid,accurate and practicabel


Spielbergers Test Anxiety Inventory(TAI) is a self-report scale which can measure the cognitive(Worry) and affective(Emotionality) components of test anxiety separately. After having administered it to 756 Korean middle school students, it was concluded that some of the items of TAI were not relevant for Koreans as they were. They have been revised on the basis of informations collected from interviews with Korean students. The Korean Form of TAI(TAI-K) consists of 25 items for primary school- and 35 for high school students. The Cronbach's of the TAI-K and the test-retest reliability were proved( r=.78 for primary school students ; r=.85 for high school students). General Anxiety Scale and Self-esteem Scale were used to prove its validity. test Anxiety correlates with general anxiety positively. while it correlates with self-esteem negatively.


Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of esculin and digitalisglycosides eye drops in the treatment of visual display terminal (VDT) syndrome. Methods: 100 eyes of 50 cases were given esculin and digitalisglycosides eye drops to treat VDT syndrome, the observation indexes were subjective symptoms of asthenopia. Assessment the patients' symptoms, signs, and refractive conditions before and after treatment, and observing adverse reactions of drug. Results:After one period of treatment, 41 cases (82%) had marked effects, 7 cases (14%) had effects and 2 cases (8%) had no effects, the total effective rate was 96%. Conclusion: Esculin and digitalisglycosides eye drops can improve the systomps and signs of VDT, so it is an effective and safe drug for treatment VDT syndrome.


AbstractInformation on particle size is one of the important factors for internal dose estimation at accidents with airborne radioactive materials. An autoradiography method has been investigated as a technique for the sizing of alpha-emitting particles. Concerning nuclear emergency medicine, the waiting time for dose estimation is limited. For determining the shortest estimation time, the exposure time of autoradiography was examined using 239PuO2 particles captured on HEPA filters. In this study, the effective counting efficiency of tracks produced by alpha particles was evaluated to be 0.31 by a numerical simulation. The minimum exposure time for 239PuO2 with aerodynamic diameter of 5 &mgr;m was found to be only 10 min. When any star-like alpha particle track was not detected after 6 h of exposure, even if the sample had significant radioactivity, the aerodynamic diameter was assumed to be less than 1 &mgr;m. When the radioactivity of 239PuO2 particles detected by autoradiography within 1 h was dominant of total activity, the aerodynamic diameter would be estimated to be over 5 &mgr;m. These results indicate that the precise dose estimation is useful for the decision of medical treatment.


Flow around a Watrous-type suspension was measured using a hot-wire anemometer. Although three kinds of flow cells having characteristic frequencies are detected along the suspension span, no resonance of the suspension vibration with flow excitation having specific frequencies is observed in a uniform flow. In a rotating flow, no peak frequency component is observed, probably due to high-level upstream disturbance. Changes in the flow pattern and/or vibration of the suspension with changes in the distance between a flat plate and the flange edges of the suspension, changes in disk speed, and changes in distance between the disk and the suspension are investigated experimentally. The results suggest that not a periodic excitation but an irregular one due to separations, especially at the upper leading edge and the lower trailing edge, has a significant effect on the vibration. This is confirmed by reduction in flying-height fluctuation due to flow excitation of an aerofoil section suspension whose trailing edge is made as thin as possible and where the upper leading-edge separation reattaches before the trailing edge. >


Microbial preparation of V35,a Bacillus pumilus strain isolated from tobacco leaf surface,was sprayed on tobacco cut stem.Chemical components,cell wall matters,aroma components and smoking quality of cut stem were determined after 48 hours treatment at 30℃.Results showed that total sugar,reducing sugar and total aroma components increased,while total nitrogen,cellulose and pectin decreased.Sensory evaluation showed that microbial preparation treatment can reduce offensive irritancy while increase aroma quantity in tobacco cut stem.


The article pays special attention to the assessment of the lessee's performance through a multi-factorial assessment and its creditworthiness. The indicators used in the complex assessment of the financial condition of the lessee, their essence and ways to determine them are given. Foreign experience in the complex financial assessment of the activities of lessees in the leasing market was studied and scientific recommendations for its application in the national leasing market were given.


The present invention discloses an organic light emitting display electrode substrate comprising a substrate body, an electrode layer, a wire layer and a protective layer; transition is also provided between the lead layer and the protective layer, the transition layer is a compound semiconductor, the protective layer aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, IZO, silicon nitride, silicon oxide or a stacked structure of one of several. The present invention utilizes a semiconductor compound with silver, copper, aluminum or silver, copper, aluminum alloys, mixtures of the wire sticking layer material is good, and with aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, IZO, silicon nitride, silicon oxide between the ceramic material also has strong adhesion properties, so that there is between the lead layer is easily oxidized and the protective layer of ceramic material problems of poor adhesion, to give a good solution.


This paper describes the design and measurement results of a 1-bit A/D converter based on a transistor only switched current (SI) second order sigma-delta modulator. The 1-bit A/D converter was simulated and processed in ES2 1.5 ¿m CMOS technology. The second order filter is based on class AB current-integrators. Measurement results on the first silicon show this circuit technique promissing for speech CODEC A/D conversion.


Throughout Europe, the collapse of Roman authority from the fifth century fractured existing networks of commerce and trade including shopping. The infrastructure of trade was slowly rebuilt over the centuries that followed with the growth of beach markets, emporia and seasonal fairs until, in the late Middle Ages, the permanent shop re-emerged as an established part of market spaces, both in towns and larger urban centres. Medieval society was a 'display culture' and by the fourteenth century there was a marked increase in the consumption of manufactures and imported goods among the lower classes as well as the elite. This volume surveys our understanding of medieval retail markets, shops and shopping from a range of perspectives - spatial, material culture, literary, archaeological and economic.
 A Cultural History of Shopping in the Middle Ages presents an overview of the period with themes addressing practices and processes; spaces and places; shoppers and identities; luxury and everyday; home and family; visual and literary representations; reputation, trust and credit; and governance, regulation and the state.


The MAGIC data center has recently introduced a new computing service, which is available to the whole collaboration. This service will be complemented with DataCooker, an analysis system currently in development. This system implements the MAGIC data analysis chain and integrates it in the data center infrastructure. DataCooker is designed to provide an easy access to the computing service without the need to know its details or deal with the complexities of its use.


The acceptance of the use of sea areas after project completion is an important closed-loop for sea area use management, It is also an important guarantee for implementing the maritime law,It has played an important role in guiding the supervision, management, and acceptance work of reclamation projects. After more than 20 years of practice, some areas that need improvement have been identified. The Ministry of Natural Resources has initiated the revision of the Law on the Management of the Use of Sea Areas, this article takes the revision of the "Sea Area Use Management Law" as an opportunity to summarize the problems existing in the acceptance of sea area use after project completion, propose improvement measures and solutions, and provide reference for national sea area use management and sea area law revision.


To improve coordination in a supply chain all involved organizations should operate according to similar norms and rules - also known as institutions. Yet, little research covers how organizations effect institutional isomorphism in indirect relations (sub-suppliers).
We study this phenomenon on focal organizations' activities to establish compliance with their institutions by the actors involved in their supply chains. Sub-suppliers can hardly be forced by a focal organization and only through direct suppliers as mediators. An approach frequently used in business practice is including institutions in contractual agreements with suppliers requiring the suppliers to pass on the same institutions to sub-suppliers, all the way up to raw material sources (coercive isomorphism). This approach turns out to be difficult and requires more knowledge to apply it successfully.
In this context the proposed primary question of this paper is «how can a focal organization drive institutional isomorphism at sub-suppliers by contractual agreements through direct suppliers as mediators?»


A method founded on the follow-up of an electromagnetic cavity resonant frequency working round 390 MHz has been carried out in order to measure the void rates of bubble field induced by a 308 kHz ultrasonic cavitation in liquids. This method can detect void rates as low as 2 × 10 −5 . The experimental set up permits to study the influence of some experimental parameters on the void rate, such as the acoustic power, the acoustic irradiation duration, and the dissolved gas concentration in the liquid. Moreover, an estimation of the bubble size distribution is obtained. The extension of the method to open resonators and the possibility to observe the fast evolutions of the void rate are considered.


Today is St David's Day, the national heritage day for Wales. To mark it, William Glenn Lamb analyses the importance of the his native Welsh languages to Wales…


The article is devoted to the use of low-intensity laser radiation and pectin containing feed additives in animal husbandry to activate the excretion of radionuclides through the gastrointestinal tract and kidneys of black-motley bulls for fattening in order to reduce their retention in the body. As a result of the studies, the high efficiency of these factors is proved. The specific most effective radiation doses for gobies were determined. Mountain ash berry as a food supplement is recommended to enhance the positive effect of low-intensity laser radiation.


The prestressed bar is composed of a metal sheath (such as that used for post-tensioning) inside which are placed prestressing wires which bear, by adhesion, on the mortar or grout injected in the interior of the sheath and which possess a strength in excess of 50 mpa, before release of the wires. The high adhesion characteristics of the sheaths, internally and externally, are such that the reduction in the length of the grouting concrete due to the prestressing force, is transmitted to the sheath and to the additional concrete cast around the prestressed sheath. A prestressed concrete is thus obtained as a result of the creep of the prestressed bar. The simple manufacture of such bars makes it possible for the builder to construct reinforced concrete units, with a prestress which will retard the cracking and reduce deformation. The technology of site application is as simple as that of reinforced concrete and saves the contractor having to transport heavy prefabricated units to the site or having to prestress the as a whole. (TRRL) the length of the units, or having to set up a precasting bench on the site. The principle of analysis for a concrete unit reinforced with a prestressed bar is given.


The present invention discloses a remotely monitored peritoneal dialysis system and a monitoring method. The system comprises: an automatic peritoneal dialysis device, which is used for automatically and periodically inputting dialysate and discharging waste liquid for a patient; a prescription storage medium, which is used for storing patient information and prescription information; and a server, which is used for receiving and storing information sent by the automatic peritoneal dialysis device and for updating the prescription information; and a display terminal, which is used for displaying a dialysis process and a dialysis result in real time and for sending a control instruction to the server. According to the remotely-monitored peritoneal dialysis system and the monitoring method provided by the present invention, treatment states of multiple patients can be simultaneously monitored and controlled by the display terminal, and all treatment information of each patient can be acquired, thereby bringing great convenience for medical personnel in analyzing the disease condition of each patient and setting a treatment prescription; and for a patient, in a process of home treatment, medical personnel can monitor and control the treatment state of the patient at any time, thereby improving the treatment effect of the patient.


Bereavement studies which have correlated mental illness and other pathology with the recent or past deaths of parents have relied on the subject's memory for ascertaining parent death dates. Data given by subjects can be wrong, because of faulty recollection or deliberate misinformation given to conceal something felt to be shameful, such as illegitimacy.