N‐Methyl‐N′‐nitro‐N‐nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)‐induced rat stomach carcinomas are considered to be a good model for differentiated‐type human stomach carcinomas. However, as for their molecular basis, only infrequent mutations of Catnb (β‐catenin) and Trp53 (p53) have been observed. Here, we carried out a whole‐genome analysis of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) using 21 stomach carcinomas induced by MNNG in F1 hybrids of ACI and BUF rats, and also analyzed promoter methylation of four tumor‐suppressor genes. LOH analysis was performed using 130 polymorphic markers covering rat chromosomes 1–20 with an average interval of 20 Mbp. Despite adapting conditions so that LOH could be detected with up to a 50% contamination of stromal cells, no LOH was detected at any loci. CpG islands in putative promoter regions of four tumor‐suppressor genes, Cdh1 (E‐cadherin), Cdkn2a (p16), Mlh1, and Rassf1a, were analyzed by methylation‐specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). However, no methylation was detected. In contrast, the promoter region of Pgc (pepsinogen C), which lacks a CpG island, was methylated in all 21‐cancer samples. These results indicated that LOH spanning a chromosomal region larger than 30–40 Mbp or silencing of Cdh1, Cdkn2a, Mlh1, and Rassf1a, was not involved in MNNG‐induced rat stomach carcinomas. The search for other genes involved in these carcinomas needs to be continued. (Cancer Sci 2005; 96: 409  – 413)


The overseas investment of Chinese enterprises appears steadily growing since the reform and opening up,this paper startes from overseas investment history,discuss overseas investment characteristics and main investment、location and industry.It is very important for our country enterprise to reference.


PURPOSE: A pole climbing robot is provided to avoid obstacles like flanges or branches while driving by applying a scissors link structure. CONSTITUTION: A pole climbing robot comprises a gripper and multiple mecanum wheels(20). The gripper holds a target driving pole of a pillar shape. The multiple mecanum wheels are mounted on the gripper and generate traveling power for movement. The gripper comprises a fixed frame(12) and two joint type arms(14). One end of the joint type arms is pivotally mounted on both ends of the fixed frame.


Several point-to-point motion commands are presented that eliminate residual vibration for a single degree-of-freedom mechanical system. It is shown how any vibrationless motion command of fixed duration can be converted into one of arbitrary duration. Comparisons are made based on force, energy and power.


Analytic philosophy of religion implies a philosophical approach to religion as a phenomenon of social and spiritual life. The present study proposes a synthetic analysis of Mesopotamian and Egyptian proto-religions along two capital lines of debate: the Almightiness of gods and the status of evil. The myths that correspond to the two afore mentioned civilizations consist of fundamental religious ideas that refer to these two topics. In Mesopotamia, Enuma Elish, the Epic of Creation, highlights the cosmogonic, theogonic, and anthropogenic powers of gods. Marduk, the supreme god, creates the Universe, the first human being, as well as the vegetal and animal world. The Egyptian pantheon includes a number of almighty deities that are governed by the great god Ra. He creates the world and the people; he establishes order and peace in the Universe. Sacred texts talk about Ra"s absolute power. However, there is also the belief that a spiritual factor underlies the creation of the Cosmos. Through their deeds, the almighty deities establish the grounds for Good. Nevertheless, Evil exists, as well. There are numerous negative deities, gods of darkness, and evil demons. Reality is constantly perceived as dynamic. Both Mesopotamian and Egyptian books of wisdom develop normative systems that reinforce the fight against Evil. The dyad Good-Evil underlies the entire structure of religions.


Abstract Multiple sequence alignment is an essential preliminary step for a large number of different algorithms in bioinformatics. With the decrease of the sequencing cost, the need to process more and more data increases, making alignment-based approaches computationally expensive in practice. This led to the emergence of many alignment-free algorithms and the widespread adoption of k-mer based approaches. We describe phylogenetically-informed k-mers, or phylo k-mers , a concept re-cently introduced in the context of phylogenetic placement in metagenomics [1], and successfully applied for viral recombination detection [2]. A phylo k-mer is a k-mer that is present with a non-negligible probability in unknown relatives of the sequences contained in an alignment. While the calculation of these probabilities is computationally heavy and requires the reference alignment as an input, it has to be done only once per alignment. Once calculated, phylo k-mers can be applied in alignment-free algorithms that require a massive input of new query sequences: in RAPPAS [1] for phylogenetic placement, and SHERPAS [2] for viral recombination detection. We discuss methods of calculation, or construction of phylo k-mers, and present xpas , the phylo k-mer construction library. It allows for fast and memory-efficient construction of databases of phylo k-mers. Those databases are used by SHERPAS and the new version of RAPPAS, which is currently under development.


We report, a selective, non-enzymatic bilirubin (BR) detection through catalytic oxidation on a reduced graphene oxide (RGO)–poly styrene sulfonate (PSS) composite film spin coated on a glassy carbon electrode. The catalytic ability, stability, morphology and composition of the RGO–PSS composite, were evaluated using voltammetric, spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The experimental variables influencing the analysis of bilirubin were optimized in terms of active material composition, pH and serum albumin concentration in blood. At the optimized condition, the linear dynamic range was found to be 0–450 μM, with a sensitivity of 0.16 μA μM−1 cm−2 and the detection limit was 2.0 μM. The modified electrode possesses good stability, reproducibility and selectivity towards bilirubin determination. The real sample analysis demonstrates the scope of the RGO–PSS composite modified electrode for practical clinical diagnosis.


Flupenthixol decanoate was synthetizised in 1967 (Moller-Nielsen et al. (1971)). Animal experiments showed that if the drug was injected intramuscularly in an oil solution, a depot of flupenthixol was created from which the active substance was slowly excreted. In 1968 treatment with flupenthixol decanoate was started at our hospital. From the outset, indications were left rather wide-open in order to gain experience with the preparation, and during the first years the preparation was used on 257 patients, mainly with schizophrenic syndromes. Inventories of the treatment results have been made (Enerheim et al. (1970), Gottfries (1971b)). At the 1971 inventoryit was shown that 128 patients had been continued on ambulatory flupenthixol decanoate treatment after their discharge from the hospital. The relapse ,frequency in this out-patient treated material was studied and was found to be significantly lower during treatment with flupenthixol decanoate than before the onset of this treatment.


Utilizing the structural approach of the Social Representations Theory, which allows an order and understanding of the reality lived by individuals/groups, this study intends to identify the central nucleus and peripheral systems of the Social Representations of Vitiligo, as well as the representational structure of the self-image that people with the aff ection possess. For this, 370 Brazilians with Vitiligo from all regions of Brazil, aged from 18 to 67 (M=35.71, SD=12.11) and predominantly female (80.7%), were enrolled in a study through the online completion of a social-demographic questionnaire and the Free Word Association Technique (FWAT). In the FWAT, participants' responses were stimulated using the inductors "Vitiligo" and "Myself", the latter being related to the self-perception that the person with the disease experiences. The data were analyzed using prototypical lexicographic analysis, performed by the Evocation 2000 software. The results indicated, from the prominence of psychosocial evocations in the representational structure of Vitiligo and the participants' self-image, that Vitiligo's eff ects are not restricted to the skin, but overlap and negatively aff ect the social experience and self-concept of people


In recent times, reviews of products by customers have been proliferating on the online platform. Majority of the reviews are lengthy, and going through the reviews before making a decision can be a tedious task for the user. In this paper, we extract the popular features from customers' reviews to analyse the possible opinions of these features. Choosing a product from the different combination of opinions for these features is treated as a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) problem. Weighted sum method, a MCDM approach, is used to evaluate the priority score for each product. The product with the highest score is recommended to the user. Real-time dataset from Amazon is used to evaluate our system's performance. The experimental result shows that our proposed method produces a promising result which can help the user in the decision making process.


Protein content and activities of the enzymes glutamine synthetase (EC 22.214.171.124), NADH-glutamate synthase (EC 22.214.171.124), NADH-glutamate dehydrogenase (reductive amination (EC 22.214.171.124) and NAD+-glutamate dehydrogenase (oxidative deamination) (EC 184.108.40.206) from the plant fraction of root nodules of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. cv. Aragon) were determined under water stress. Only NADH-glutamate synthase activity was inhibited during drought. The results indicate that the glutamine synthetase/NADH-glutamate synthase cycle was fully operational in alfalfa nodules of control or even mildly stressed plants when N2-fixation was not inhibited, but that the coupling between glutamine synthetase and NADH-glutamate synthase was lost as drought progressed. Patterns of glutamine synthetase and NADH-/NAD+-gluta-mate dehydrogenase activities reflect changes in ammonia content of nodules and/or availability of carbon substrates, and indicate that nodules maintain sufficient enzyme activity for ammonia assimilation throughout water stress.


A combination of the preparation techniques for the ferroelectric films and the micro machining of Si is considered to be an effective way to fabricate microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), such as piezoelectric micro-transducer devices for the electrical and medical fields. In this study, disk shape lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thick films were successfully fabricated. 10-mm-thick PZT films were deposited onto Pt/Ti/ SiO2/Si substrate using a chemical solution deposition (CSD) process. Pt top electrode and PZT layer were etched by reactive ion etching (RIE) process, and 100 to 500-mm-diameter PZT thick film disks were fabricated. The relative dielectric constant, dissipation factor, remnant polarization and coercive field were "r ¼ 1130, tan � ¼ 0:02, Pr ¼ 0:14 C/m 2 and Ec ¼ 2:5 MV/m, respectively. This means that the ferroelectric and dielectric properties of the PZT thick film disks were comparable with that of the bulk PZT ceramics. Moreover, the prepared PZT thick film disks showed the butterfly-shaped displacement curve, related with piezoelectric response, in the case of bipolar measurement. The PZT thick film disks could be poled with 80 V at room temperature, which is easier than the poling condition of bulk PZT. The piezoelectric constant of the poled PZT thick film disks was estimated to be AFM d33 ¼ 221 pm/V. Therefore, the micro fabricated 10-mm-thick PZT disks is considered to be applicable for piezoelectric micro devices.


The invention discloses a combined body of a speculum for a hysteroscopic surgery and an ultrasonic probe. The combined body comprises the speculum and the ultrasonic probe, an ultrasonic probe handle adheres to a speculum lower blade in various forms, and the combining methods includes clamping, magnetic attraction, limiting, embedding and the like. The invention further provides an application method of the structural body in a hysteroscopic surgery. The method comprises the following steps: coating the ultrasonic probe with a coupling agent and sleeving the ultrasonic probe with an isolation sleeve, extending the combined body into the uterine cavity of a patient, determining the shape and position of the target tissue, and arranging the surgical speculum into the uterine cavity and turning on the speculum; arranging the acoustic head part of the ultrasonic probe at the front end of the lower sheet of the surgical speculum, arranging the acoustic head part of the ultrasonic probe at the fornix position of the uterus of the patient, combining the ultrasonic probe and the surgical speculum for use, extending a hysteroscope into the uterus of the patient, and conducting surgical operation under the guidance of a hysteroscope optical image and an ultrasonic image of a monitoring system. The combined body of the speculum for the hysteroscopic surgery and the ultrasonic probe effectively achieves internal and external synchronous surgical monitoring of an internal ultrasonic image and external optical imaging in real time on the target tissue of the surgery, an image is clear and reliable, surgical safety is ensured, and surgical risks are effectively avoided.


JAROSŁAW ŁAWSKI University of Białystok HOUSE ENEMY AND ALLY ADAM MICKIEWICZ'S TURKEY The author of the study points at an immense significance of Turkey not only in a literary picture of the world of the most eminent polish romantic poet, Adam Mickiewicz (1798–1855). He grew up in Navahrudak, on the territory of present Belarus, where the Tatars, connected to Turkish and Polish culture, made a strong group, and died during the Crimean War in Istanbul, where he went as a political emissary. Mickiewicz's picture of Turkey was abundant in ambivalence. It received its full development in his lectures at Collège de France in Paris. He depicted Turkey as a historical enemy with which the Polish Republic waged wars, but also as the only country that, as the historical myth upholds, did not recognise the partitions of Poland. In the poet's works, especially in their lexis, the influence of Turkish culture is quite marked and, e.g. in clothes and in militaria, significantly affects the Polish nobility. 70 M i c k i e w i c z, Księgi narodu polskiego, s. 43. 71 A. A. J a k u b o w s k i, Alopeus. W: Poezje. Z rękopisu wydał i wstępem opatrzył J. M a ś l a n k a. Kraków 1973, s. 9. Pod wierszem widnieje data: "Lwów, 3 maja 1833".


Various services are now available in the Cloud, ranging from turnkey databases and application servers to high-level services such as continuous integration or source version control. To stand out of this diversity, robustness of service compositions is an important selling argument, but which remains difficult to understand and estimate as it does not only depend on services but also on the underlying platform and infrastructure. Yet, choosing a specific service composition may fail to deliver the expected robustness, but reverting early choices may jeopardise the success of any Cloud project. Inspired by existing models used in Biology to quantify the robustness of ecosystems, we show how to tailor them to obtain early indicators of robustness for cloud-based deployments. This technique helps identify weakest services in the overall architecture and in turn mitigates the risk of having to revert key architectural choices. We illustrate our approach by comparing the robustness of four alternative deployments of the Sens App application, which includes a Mongo DB database, four REST services and a graphical web-front end.


Everything that allows men to become rooted, through values or sentiments, in one time, in one history, in one language, is the principle of alienation which constitutes man as privileged in so far as what he is [... ] imprisoning him in contentment with his own reality and encouraging him to offer it as an example or impose it as a conquering assertion.1I'm saying that the domain of poetry includes both oral and written forms, that poetry goes back to a pre-literate situation and would survive a post-literate situation, that human speech is a near-endless source of poetic forms, that there has always been more oral than written poetry, & that we can no longer pretend to a knowledge of poetry if we deny its oral dimension.2FROM THE FIRST MOMENTS OF COLONIZATION, indigenous peoples and the lands to which they belong become fodder for the imaginations of the colonizers. A set of new expectations is placed over their world like a thin cotton sheet. Lumps and gradations protrude through the sheet, but everything is covered by its white topography. Soon, the gritty realities of the colonial frontier are wrapped up in smoother narratives about civilization and progress, as if the land and its occupants were the dormant forms of something not yet realized. Here, in this as if, we find a disjuncture so profound that it leads one society to collide blindly with another; the peaks and chasms of misprision that result prevent dialogue or consultation. As the anthropologist Deborah Bird Rose writes, ?as if "is a fundamental epistemological error."3 It presumes the existence of another world, and lays its imaginary form upon the one already present. The colonist, in turn, acts as if he were the creator of this world, as if the land and its indigenous custodians were nothing other than parts of a material field awaiting sanitization and re-sculpting. The colonist's identity is determined by his own imagination; the new world needs to exist so that the colonist can colonize. The colonial project is consolidated implicitly by a conviction that colonization of the new world will improve it; for the Caribbean poet and critic Edouard Glissant, this conviction becomes a value: an individual's very worth will now be determined by his or her relation to this new colony. So it is that those conquered or visited peoples are forced into what Glissant calls "a long and painful quesf ' for a way of defining their own identities in the wake of conquest. For centuries, "whole populations have had to assert their identity in opposition to the processes of identification or annihilation triggered by these invaders."4Christopher Columbus did not voyage in the name of a country, Glissant argues, but in the name of an idea.5 It was this idea - of the New World as Other, of Europe as the source of knowledge - that would provide the impetus for the creation of so many ?epistemological errors'. As the Spaniards spread north and south throughout the enormous continent of the Americas, it was as if virgin territory were being revealed to the light for the first time. This conviction followed them like a shadow all the way to the site of what is now Santiago de Chile, and remained embedded in the non-indigenous Chilean consciousness. Before their arrival, writes Pablo Neruda, all was "silence of water and wind" across the vast southern lands.6 As the conquistadors continued south into the territories of the Mapuche, "the light came despite the daggers."7 However, rather than "silence," the Spaniards actually encountered fierce resistance: their colonial expansion was halted by the Mapuche; the majority of colonists retreated to Santiago, where they turned their focus to developing a new centre of commerce and European civilization. Thus, by the nineteenth century, with firm boundaries established between it and the ?wild' lands to the south, Chilean society could imagine itself as primarily European. A national imagination absorbed beneath its white skin those indigenous pueblos of the central zones, but it expelled the idea of the indigenous Other to the southern frontier, beyond which lay the lands of Araucania. …


The utility model relates to a directional antenna for mobile phone bases, which is used for receiving and sending the radio wave of mobile phones and is composed of symmetric dipole antennae, a choking unbalance and balance converter and an asymmetric strip-shaped line. Each symmetric dipole antenna is composed of two symmetrically arranged metal sheets, the asymmetric strip-shaped line is composed of a reflecting plate and metal rods, and the choking unbalance and balance converter is composed of two grounding metal rods and a metal center pole. The utility model adopts the asymmetric strip-shaped line as a distribution feeder of which the structure is convenient for optional adjustment. The utility model can ensure the in-phase and balanced power feed with constant amplitude to each symmetric dipole antenna and can realize the impedance matching of an antenna system in the required frequency band. The utility model has the advantages of good performance, convenient debugging and low cost.


The crystalline morphology and structural development of aromatic polyimides during an optimum continuous thermal imidization procedure were examined by means of polarized optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction. During thermal imidization, 3,3′,4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride/1,3-diaminobenzene polyimide samples formed complicated spherulites, which, in addition to zigzag Maltese crosses, also showed concentric extinction rings, which are characteristic of banded spherulites. The factors affecting the formation of banded spherulites were studied. The initial imidization conditions dramatically affected the formation of the banded spherulite morphology: slow heating (0.5 °C/min) or fast heating (20 °C/min) led to relatively small polyimide spherulites and less identifiable extinction rings. The morphological features were also affected by the molecular weight of the polyimide: higher molecular weight samples showed typical banded spherulites, whereas low-molecular-weight samples formed degenerated banded spherulites. In all the spherulites formed in 3,3′,4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride/1,3-diaminobenzene polyimides, special zigzag Maltese crosses, instead of normal Maltese crosses, were observed. The relationship between the imidization procedure and the spherulite morphology formation was also studied. X-ray and Fourier transform infrared together revealed that after several minutes of thermal treatment, the crystallization was nearly complete, with a 42.5% degree of crystallinity; meanwhile, only some poly(amic acid) converted to the corresponding polyimide, with a 27% degree of imidization. The crystalline morphology and structure formed in the initial stage of the imidization process were maintained during the following imidization processing at an elevated temperature. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 1997–2004, 2005


This study was designed to clinically evaluate four tumour markers on the automated chemiluminescent immunoanalyser, IMMULITE, and to compare the data obtained with those of established immunoassays.


Intracellular loading of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules occurs within the peptide loading complex and is accomplished through the concerted action of several proteins, including the chaperone/catalyst tapasin. In the absence of tapasin, peptide loading is compromised, resulting in decreased cell surface expression of some, though not all, MHC-I allelomorphs. To gain a mechanistic understanding of tapasin's function we have produced recombinant Fab fragments of two anti-tapasin antibodies, PaSta1 and PaSta2, and investigated their binding to human recombinant soluble tapasin by surface plasmon resonance methods and X-ray crystallography. Both antibody Fabs bind with nanomolar affinities characterized by slow off rates. PaSta1 and PaSta2 recognize distinct epitopes as tapasin captured on a surface immobilized with one PaSta Fab binds the other PaSta Fab with nanomolar affinity. However, tapasin captured on a PaSta2 Fab surface is not able to bind peptide/HLA-B*44:05/beta-2 microglobulin complexes while tapasin captured on a PaSta1 Fab surface can, indicating that PaSta2 sterically competes for the MHC-I binding site. This finding was echoed in the structural characterization of PaSta Fab-tapasin complexes by X-ray crystallography. PaSta1 binds to an extended N-terminal region of tapasin, a site accessible even in the tapasin/ERp57 complex. By contrast, PaSta2 binds at the junction of the N-terminal and C-terminal domains of tapasin, where tapasin may interact with HLA-I molecules. Comparison of conformations of tapasin in complex with PaSta1, PaSta2, HLA-B*44:05, and ERp57 reveals the dynamic nature of tapasin, a versatile chaperone and catalyst.
 Supported by the intramural research program of the NIAID, NIH


The present invention provides an electrophotographic developer carrier core material, the volume value of the center of the particle size distribution in the range of 30μm or less than 40μm, the volume size distribution of the particle diameter ratio of 1.0 or less 22μm % ratio of more than 2.0%, the number of particle diameter distribution of particles having a diameter of 22μm or less is 10% or less, the external magnetic field in the magnetization is 50emu where 1000Oe / g to 75 emu / g or less.


Bicarbonate transport (BT) has been previously shown to participate in apoptosis induced by various stress factors. However, the precise role of BT in ischaemia‐induced apoptosis is still unknown. To investigate this subject, rat coronary endothelial cells (EC) were exposed to simulated ischaemia (glucose free anoxia at Ph 6.4) for 2 hrs and cells undergoing apoptosis were visualized by nuclear staining or by determination of cas‐pase‐ 3 activity. To inhibit BT, EC were either treated with the inhibitor of BT 4,4′‐diisothiocyanostilbene‐2,2′‐disulfonic acid (DIDS, 300 μmol/l) or exposed to ischaemia in bicarbonate free, 4‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐I‐piperazi‐neethanesulphonic acid (HEPES)‐buffered medium. Simulated ischaemia in bicarbonate‐buffered medium (Bic) increased caspase‐3 activity and the number of apoptotic cell (23.7 + 1.4%versus 5.1 + 1.2% in control). Omission of bicarbonate during ischaemia further significantly increased caspase‐3 activity and the number of apoptotic cells (36.7 1.7%). Similar proapoptotic effect was produced by DIDS treatment during ischaemia in Bic, whereas DIDS had no effect when applied in bicarbonate‐free, HEPES‐buffered medium (Hep). Inhibition of BT was without influence on cytosolic acidification during ischaemia and slightly reduced cytosolic Ca2+ accumulation. Initial characterization of the underlying mechanism leading to apoptosis induced by BT inhibition revealed activation of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, i.e., increase of cytochrome C release, depolarization of mitochondria and translocation of Bax protein to mitochondria. In contrast, no activation of death receptor‐dependent pathway (caspase‐8 cleavage) and endoplasmic reticulum‐ dependent pathway (caspase‐12 cleavage) was detected. In conclusion, BT plays an important role in ischaemia‐induced apoptosis of coronary EC by suppression of mitochondria‐dependent apoptotic pathway.


This document analyzes the traffic that is generated as a result of
presence subscriptions between users of federated domains that support
the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP). This analysis
is provided as a source of comparison with a similar analysis being
performed regarding domains that support federated presence using
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) for Instant Messaging and Presence
Leveraging Extensions (SIMPLE).


The Alborz tokamak program was started from 2012 at Amirkabir university of technology – Iran. This device has been assembled recently and now the discharge tests are in the process of getting started. The startup process in tokamak machines presents unique challenges due to their characteristics. In the present study, a series of simulations are carried out in Alborz tokamak to improve the startup to test whether the proposed startup scenarios are feasible and appropriate. For this important goal, the power supply modification and its influence on discharge are considered and investigated in this work. 45 EPS Conference on Plasma Physics P5.1059


This paper argues that better yardsticks for inter-case comparison are indispensable to promote a process of additive insight on Europeanisation. Therefore, operationalisations are suggested here for aspects of both the independent and the dependent "variables" of Europeanisation. The empirical material used in this paper to briefly illustrate the concepts introduced, stems from a collaborative research project that analyses the national transposition, enforcement, and application of six EC labour law Directives in all fifteen member states.


cinating look at contemporary production techniques, as he painstakingly details the vast array of production choices and nuances employed throughout an allegedly formulaic dance-pop hit that might sound quite simple and unrefined to the casual listener. However, Appen's choice to structure the chapter as a fictional dialogue between Ke$ha and her producer, Dr Luke, is questionable, as it mainly serves to reproduce the sexist trope of a calculated, musically proficient male producer who is the real brain behind a clueless and shallow female performer. A stress on the medium specificity of recorded songs also appears in Dietrich Helm's study of Lady Gaga's 'Poker Face'. Rather than turning to cutting-edge approaches, Helms utilises Roman Jakobson's classic 'six functions of language' model in order to dissect the recording as a communicative act. Though Jakobson's brand of structuralism might be considered outmoded in many literary and linguistic circles nowadays, Helms deftly applies it as a framework for a detailed discussion of the many facets of 'Poker Face', arguing for the dominance of the phatic function – the one that opens and maintains the actual line of communication – in mainstream pop. Anne Danielsen's theoretically dense yet rewarding examination of the groove in Destiny's Child's 'Nasty Girl' approaches rhythm as an interaction between 'virtual reference structures' and actual sounds. By foregrounding the track's rhythmic ambiguities, Danielsen establishes the necessity of considering the temporal character of the groove: 'every new rhythmic gesture', she claims, 'gets its meaning from what immediately preceded it, but it is also affected by the larger cultural and historical context' (p. 69). Danielsen's theory is put to interesting use by Arns et al. in their interpretation of Janelle Monáe's 'Tightrope', as the authors incorporate the song's video into their analysis by relating the dance moves performed by the video's participants to the virtual reference structure that the chapter identifies (p. 203). Arns et al.'s study is but one example of the fertile and dialogic nature that results from the book's conference/summer school roots. Yet certain chapters also reveal limitations that might be an unfortunate side effect of the volume's origins. Some of the 'keynote' essays lack serious engagement with prior scholarship, while the reflexive musings on group work that appear in the collaborative chapters tend to repeat themselves. Nevertheless, taken as a whole, this essay collection not only makes a convincing case for the relevance of musicological analysis in the study of popular music, but also provides us with an impressive demonstration of the myriad ways by which it can be done.


The utility model relates to an improved rear view mirror structure, which is characterized in that a display screen is mounted inside a rear view mirror shielding body on the outer side of a vehicle body; a gap is formed between the rear view mirror shielding body and the display screen; an image acquisition device is erected in a preset position of the gap and is capable of acquiring the images of the rear side of the vehicle body under the condition of no blockage by any angles; the image acquisition device is electrically connected with the display screen, so that images acquired by the image acquisition device can be transmitted to the display screen synchronously for specific displaying. With the adoption of the improved rear view mirror structure, the images of the rear side of the vehicle body can be directly acquired through the rear view mirror on the outer side of the vehicle body, and the traveling safety can be effectively improved.


Growth and yield attributes, yield and economics of broom grass (Thysanolaena maxima (Roxb.) O. Ktze) was compared under different row proportions and four tree species predominantly found in North Eastern Region. The growth parameters viz. height of tussock, average yield of culm, leaf length and leaf breadth were higher with Alnus nepalensis followed by Grevillea robusta. Tussock height increased with increasing row proportions. Alnus nepalensis registered higher yield attributes like number of inflorescence bearing clump (258.8 x 103), inflorescence bearing tiller (78.5%), inflorescence length (117.7 cm), dry matter production (9.68 Mg/ha) and fodder yield (11.95 Mg/ha). Yield performance of the broom grass followed the trend of Alnus nepalensis>Grevillea robusta>Terminalia myriocarpa>Morus alba. Yield attributes were improved under two rows than the one row, whereas, during 3rd year, yield attributes were enhanced from previous year. Correspondingly, Alnus nepalensis recorded higher economic parameters and solar radiation interception, whereas, Morus alba had lower returns.


Investigation of harmonics of a current in tristron is executed by numerical modelling. It is shown, that tristron can be an effective frequency multiplier. Designing of tristron on frequency of 2450 MHz with electronic efficiency of 60 percent is executed.


INTRODUCTION The following described materials have been unearthed partly during the construction of the Ch ngtu-Chungking Railway mainly in 1951 and partly during the clearing away the building foundation in Tatienwan, a suburb of Chungking.


Practitioner-Only Products (POPs) can be defined as therapeutic goods that: a) are marketed exclusively or ostensibly to practitioners, and/or. b) fall within the 'For Practitioner Dispensing Only' or 'Extemporaneous Compounding' (provisions in regulations under the Therapeutic Goods Act 1990 Cth).


Luminescence thermometry in the second and third optical windows of biological tissues has gained importance in recent years due to the reduction of both absorption and scattering effects in human tissues, which substantially increase its applicative potential. In this work, we present a luminescent thermometer based on SrTiO3:Ni2+,Er3+ nanocrystals, which is the first reported study of nanothermometry based on Ni2+ ion luminescence. The SrTiO3:Ni2+,Er3+ nanocrystals were successfully synthesized using the Pechini method. The spectroscopic properties of obtained nanocrystals were investigated in a wide temperature range, namely, between −150 and 210 °C. It was found that Ni2+ ions in the SrTiO3 matrix are characterized by broadband emission localized in the II optical window at about 1200 nm, which additionally changes its spectral position toward longer wavelengths with the rise of temperature. Three temperature-dependent parameters were studied for luminescence thermometry: changes in the emission inten...


Conformal fields are a recently discovered class of representations of the algebra of vector fields in $N$ dimensions. Invariant first-order differential operators (exterior derivatives) for conformal fields are constructed.


The objective of this work was to determine the allelic frequencies of system HLA-A*, B* and DRB1* in a sample of 981 individuals of the Colombian population. The sample size was purified from the data base of the Colombian Network of transplantation from which 981 individuals were taken to apply the statistical analysis to them by means of program ARLEQUIN version 2000. A total diversity of 66 alleles was found. They represent 87% of world-wide allelic diversity level of loci A*, B* and DRB1*. 19 alleles for locus HLA-A*, 33 for locus HLA-B* and 14 for the DRB1* were found. Alleles HLA


This paper is intended to improve Huffman's results on universal encoding of asynchronous sequential networks. The method employed here consists of assigning to each row of the flow table a single vertex on the corresponding hypercube. The remaining vertices are used for the transitions between stable states. Such a vertex can be used for different transitions if they correspond to distinct input states.


This paper proposes a novel framework for probabilistic data-driven prediction of unstable groups of coherent generators in interconnected power systems. In contrast to existing techniques in which deterministic classification or forecasting approaches are applied to an offline database, the current study relies on a prediction interval (PI)-based method to tackle prediction uncertainties. First, similarity coefficients (SCs) are considered as internal outputs and calculated for all offline cases. Then, at some generator terminals as selected via a feature selection process, voltage values are measured and used as the input features of the prediction tool. Quantile regression forest is conducted to generate PIs, in which several intervals with certain probabilities are predicted for SCs between any pair of generators. Thereafter, the obtained PIs are used to shape an empirical cumulative distribution function of SCs; a Monte Carlo simulation is then conducted to find a reliable estimate of possible grouping patterns. Finally, a decision-making phase is employed to draw clear distinctions among various parts of the most plausible grouping pattern with respect to a reliability index. This approach can offer power system operators wider flexibility to select a corrective control strategy. The effective performance of the developed approach is demonstrated on several IEEE test systems, followed by a discussion of results.


Through the event study methodology and the case study on the Company T and its subsidiaries, this study analyzes the effect of credit rating downgrade in the Korean stock market. Our empirical results cast some doubts on whether credit rating agencies made adequate credit rating adjustments on the ...


Fear or anxiety about a particular situation or object is called phobia, one of the phobias that exists today is Claustrophobia which is a phobia of a closed or small room. The current Claustrophobia therapy method is still traditional, namely by placing the patient in a place that will trigger the patient's Claustrophobia. This study aims to produce a therapeutic aid and diagnosis of Claustrophobia with Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy method that uses Android-based Virtual Reality and Photogrammetry technology that can be used by medical experts or therapist when conducting therapy to Claustrophobia patients. The research method used is prototyping model. The way to collect data that will be used is by interview and application testing. Researchers used the Unity3D Engine software to create Virtual Reality application and Agisoft Metashape software to create Photogrammetry objects. The application is expected to facilitate the Claustrophobia patients and help people to predict the level of Claustrophobia suffered. The app produced on this research was able to produce the expected virtual environment and had a limited test to user and had similar reaction to a real room. For future research additional rooms and exploration mode may be added, as well as further evaluation to see how this application can be used for therapy tools.


Page 1406, Fig. 6A: Photos showing the vehicle panel at 24 h for the siRNA-HuR group and the AngII panel at 0 h for the same group were inadvertently interchanged during the import of original photographs for arrangement as one multipanel figure. Additionally, the photo showing the AngII panel at 0 h for the siRNA-HuR group was an inadvertent duplication of the photo showing the vehicle panel at 0 h for the same group due to a mislabeling in the file names. The corrected image, obtained from original data, should appear as shown below.


This paper chose Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 as development platform, and integrated components of ArcGIS Engine, and used Gravity Model and C# programming language to analyze the traffic convenience in Wenzhou.


Abstract This paper seeks to discuss the conditions under which unique multiracial electoral victories occurred in the two neighbouring racially divided countries of Trinidad and Tobago and Guyana. I argue that there was an opening in the political party system in each country which permitted the rise of a new electoral force, and that it was driven by a new political class. This class projected a national developmental model which was attractive to voters. The two models in both countries were quite dissimilar, and reflected the type of development and a confluence of economic factors that were unique to each country.


The entry of learning in dictionaries supplies with denotational explanations.However,it is appended with comparison,transfer,accopaniment,readiness,and coercion in plays,and doing,thinking,and achieving in poetry.


The power density of modern power inverter rises continuously. This is due to constantly increasing performances of MOSFETs and IGBTs as well as of the gate drivers. One unpredictable system fault can cause damage or explosion of power switches or even whole inverter. On the other hand, new high performance gate drivers exhibit excellent propagation delay, high bandwidth, overcurrent protection and high integration level. Those drivers provide a small form factor because the electrical isolation is already integrated on the driver chip. This electrical isolation can be performed by means of integrated high voltage microtransformers or capacitors. Therefore, for high power density inverters, the gate driver isolation safety performance needs to be investigated and validated. The isolation reliability must be analyzed in the worst case, when power-switches destruct. This paper investigates the gate driver's isolation behavior by intentional destruction of IGBT/MOSFET power switches.


To determine the mechanism for the reduced polymorphonuclear leukocyte exudation in critically ill anergic patients. Design:Prospective consecutive patient study. Setting:Tertiary care surgical intensive care unit. Patients:Eighteen patients with intra-abdominal injections were studied. Interventions:Critically ill patients were stratified based on their delayed type hypersen-sitivity response to ubiquitous antigens. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes were isolated from blood and from exudate blister type skin windows. Adhesion and chemotactic surface receptors were measured, as was cytokine content and chemoattraction capacity of skin window fluid for control neutrophils. Measurements and Main Results:Circulating neutrophils from anergic patients have increased CR3 adherence receptors compared with those neutrophils from reactive patients, f-met-leuphe receptors are equal in number and C5a receptors are either significantly reduced in number or occupied with ligand. This same receptor pattern is maintained after neutrophil exudation in both patient groups. Serum and skin window fluid from anergic patients attracted less neutrophils in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions:These data suggest two possible mechanisms for the reduced neutrophil delivery of critically ill anergic patients: a receptor-mediated increased adherence to vascular endo-thelium preventing diapedesis; reduced chemoattraction potential of serum, and possibly, exudate fluid. (Crit Care Med 1993; 21:1496–1501)


Corn stover is the largest quantity of biomass residue in the US, 200 million MKg (220 million tons) dry weight, with 30% to 60% available − 73 to 146 million MKg (80 to 120 million tons). The stover has the potential of supplying 23 to 53 billion liters (6 to 14 billion gallons) of fuel ethanol to the US transportation market, up to 10 % of total gasoline needs. A custom-harvesting contractor has launched an innovative corn stover collection operation as a source for value-added products on a scale that has not been done before. Centered in Harlan, Iowa, it can be viewed as a pilot for developing the infrastructure for agricultural residue and other crop collection for biomass processing to ethanol. • More than 50,000 tons were collected from 12,000 ha (30,000 acres) in the '97-'98 crop year at a cost of $34.76 to $39.30/dry MKg, depending on the amount of residue removed. Farmers received $21.50 to $94.27/ha, depending on the amount removed and the distance from the collection center. The remainder was paid to custom harvesters. • The operation is judged successful, with a waiting list of more than 4,000 ha (10,000 acres). Expansion to 40,000 ha (100,000 acres) is planned for the '98-'99 crop year. Improvement in productivity is expected to reduce costs to less than $33/dry MKg, the equivalent of $0.10/liter of ethanol. In addition, a preliminary assessment indicates coproducts can further lower corn stover cost to $25/ dry MKg delivered. Expanding the operation to 200,000 ha (500,000 acres) to collect 1 million dry MKg of stover, then classifying the cobs from the stover as a higher valued product – more than $50/MKg – shows the area can readily supply a 190 million liter (50 million gallon) ethanol facility.


Abstract— The photosensitized oxygenation of cholesterol in liposomal membranes results in the formation of the characteristic singlet oxygen product, 3β‐hydroxy‐5α‐cholest‐6‐ene‐5‐hydroperoxide. The yield of this product was found to be strongly temperature dependent with 6‐ to 7‐fold increase above the transition temperature of the membrane using 1,2‐dipalmitoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphorylcholine or 1.2‐dimyristoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphorylcholine. In contrast, the formation of the radical autoxidation products of cholesterol was not significantly enhanced in these systems by higher temperatures. We conclude from the results that the oxidation of cholesterol by singlet oxygen in the artificial membranes is affected by both membrane fluidity and amount of hematoporphyrin incorporated into the membrane. The ratio of cholesterol to phospholipid which affects the morphology of membranes is a crucial factor in determining the yield of the singlet oxygen product.


The classical limit problem of quantum mechanics is a particular example of a broader issue concerning the relationship between two physical theories, one empirically valid in a subdomain of the other. It is a basic requirement that a theory superseding the previous one must be compatible with the former at a suitable limit. As a prelude to discussing the classical limit of quantum mechanics, we recall some relevant aspects of this general issue.


A taxonomic treatment of Tibouchina s.l. from Bahia, Brazil, is presented. Thirty-seven species are recognized, one of them in Pleroma ( P. michelangelii ). Four species are new records for Northeast Brazil ( T. crassiramis , T. elegans , T. granulosa and T. sebastianopolitana ), 25 are endemic to the state and nine restricted to the Chapada Diamantina. The treatment includes an identification key, descriptions, illustrations, comments, and distribution maps of the species in the state.


Autonomous driving is one of the research areas that are in the main focus nowadays, because it can improve humans' life and safety in driving. The purpose of this research work is to train a neural network that will imitate a driver's driving. This will be based on a data set from his previous drivings. We use some of the most used libraries today related to work with neural networks such as TensorFlow and Keras. Our model and the architecture of the neural network are based on a research paper from the company NVIDIA, where they trained a neural network that maps pixels from a front positioned camera into direct steering wheel commands on the actual car. In our research we don't use actual car but rather a free to use online simulator that Udacity is providing. This simulator has 3 front positioned cameras, which save our driving around a circuit. The actual data that is recorded consist of 3 pictures from the 3 front mounted cameras (left, central and right camera), while also saving the steering wheels angle at a specific time stamp. With this simulator we collect the data. At the end, once the model is trained well enough, we test it on the "autonomous" mode that the simulator is offering, where our vehicle will try to drive autonomously around the track.


The effect of mold density and evacuation on surface defect of high chromium lcast iron upon EPC process was investigated. Under evacuation of 0.1~0.3 atm, surface defects were carbon defect, burn on and misrun. Carbon defect was augmented by increasing mold density from 0.011 g/cm³ to 0.03 g/cm³ under evacuation of 0.1~0.3 atm, but carbon defect was decreased by increasing evacuation from 0.1 to 0.3 atm. Burn-on wasn't found under evacuation of 0.1 atm regardless of mold density, but burn-on was augmented by increasing evacuation from 0.2 to 0.3 atm and decreased by reducing mold density. Misrun was only found under 0.1 atm evacuation and 0.011 g/cm³ mold density.


The recital was based on the music of composers such as: Charlie Parker, Thelonious Monk, Frank Foster, Edu lobo, Hoagy Carmichael, John Coltrane, Bill Evans and Chick Corea. The arrangements were written for a jazz trio which includes guitar, double bass and drums.


South African company law was originally based on English companies' legislation and case law. In English law, debentures are closely associated with the floating charge. A floating charge is an equitable charge over some or all of the company's present and future property, which leaves the company free to deal with the property in the ordinary course of business. It developed through case law. The general notarial bond is the closest form of security that South African law has to the floating charge, but it has its origins in the Roman law.
The floating charge and the general notarial bond both aim to leave the company to deal with the encumbered assets, whilst giving its taker some form of preference on the company's insolvency. However, the floating charge and the general notarial bond differ in scope and application. This article examines these differences. For instance, it is not possible to create a general notarial bond over a part of the company's assets. It is also not necessarily possible to alienate assets encumbered by a general notarial bond. The article further examines how the floating charge crystallises into a fixed security and how this process differs from perfection of a general notarial bond.


Impact between birds and an aircraft, known as "bird strike event" is a common and dangerous phenomenon in aviation industry. Experimental tests for bird strike certification are very expensive and time consuming. In order to decrease the number of costly sample tests, a trustworthy analytical tool is necessary to precisely predict the structural responses of bird and the target. One of the most efficient methods in bird strike analysis is finite element method. Bird Strike simulation consists of several parameters. Variations in any of parameters can change the numerical results tremendously. In this study, effect of variations in mesh density, material model and equation of state (EOS) is investigated and the most efficient parameters on the simulation results are introduced. Results show that numerical simulations which use coarse mesh, null material model and Gruneisen EOS can properly predict experimental results.


This work estimated the leaching behavior of metolachlor from montmorillonite-based and commercial emulsifiable concentrate (EC) formulations in soil columns and field plots by using bioassay and chemical techniques. A montmorillonite-based formulation of metolachlor was prepared by adsorbing metolachlor to montmorillonite–benzyltrimethylammonium (BTMA) complex from aqueous solution. Bioassay and gas chromatography (GC) techniques detected high metolachlor concentrations in the top soil layers (0–9 cm) in soil columns and field plots sprayed with montmorillonite–BTMA–metolachlor complex. These results were also evident by severe growth inhibition restricted to the top soil layers (0–9 cm) and normal growth at deeper layers in soil columns and field plots. A wider range of metolachlor concentrations were detected in soil layers in columns treated with EC formulation in both soil columns and field plots. Relatively higher metolachlor concentrations were detected in the soil layers in field plots than in soi...


The authors notes that the points and claims that have been advanced in opposition to a CTB (comprehensive test ban) are not so much reasons, such as might be advanced in a logical debate, as they are reactions, on the part of persons imbued with the conviction that we have to wage a nuclear arms race with the Soviets; that our only hope of security consists in staying ahead in that race; and that this approach is now and will continue to be our necessary way of life. From that perspective, any hindrance to our efforts is a bad thing. The LTBT (Limited Test Ban Treaty) and the TTBT (Threshold Test Ban Treaty) were bad enough; a CTB would be a disaster. The arguments against the CTB, then, have less to do with an assessment of how it would be to live under such a regime than they do with the difficulties a CTB would present to continuing along the way we have been going. But it would, of course, be the intention of a CTB to change the way we have been going, and to start going a different way. From that perspective, a CTB appears not only tolerablemore » but clearly desirable, and even urgent.« less


Youth is undeniably a positive value, something that we consider to be good and which we would like to possess forever. However, time prevents us from it. We are getting older. Ageing is a process affecting every living organism, without exception, and death is a natural part of life. The aim of this work is to present cultural and psychological conditions for the development of aesthetic medicine. Progress in this area contributes to achieving the objectives of maintaining a young appearance. However, the technology development may result in some health issues. The use of aesthetic medicine treatments is influenced by motivational mechanisms, which are responsible for activating, directing, maintaining and ending the behaviour.Sometimes, however, these mechanisms are disrupted and there may be an increase in forced activities and addiction. Advances in medicine therefore require the development of gold standards of practice. They should be aimed at improving people's health, but also at stopping the aging process, prolonging life, adding healthy years to life. Therefore, we should look for methods of preserving youth, physical, mental, emotional, naturalness, activity and self‑awareness. And these should not be separable objectives.


Sense and Destroy Armor (SADARM), a munition currently under development by the Army, is designed to attack an armored target from above. This munition is ejected from an artillery shell in midflight and descends to the ground while suspended from a rotating parachute. Measurements of the dynamical behavior of a model of the system were made in a series of drop tests using multisensor yawsonde instrumentation. The data were processed and analyzed using an extension of an algorithm developed originally for an artillery shell with largeamplitude yawing motions. The experimental results show that the system roll rate remains relatively constant once steady state is achieved. There are two modal frequencies in yaw and the amplitude of each mode varies throughout descent.


Cloud Computing provides a Computing environment where different resources, infrastructures, development platforms and software are delivered as a service to customers virtually on pay per time basis. With increasing number of users, Job scheduling becomes a strenuous task. Ordering the jobs by scheduler while maintaining the balance between quality of services (QoS), efficiency and fairness of jobs is quite challenging. An attempt is made to study the current issues of the cloud computing solutions for the Enterprise resource systems in the industries. This Research paper includes the review of development of Low cost ERP Solution to Indian industries on Mobile using latest technologies such as Mobile computing, SaaS, Cloud Computing etc. Keywords— Cloud Computing, cloud service, ERP system, ERP Life Cycle.


The emergence of various risks to global security and stability is a motivation to develop remote sensing and monitoring systems that can be deployed on Unmanned Vehicles (UxVs). This requires the development of robust autonomous control technologies that can reliably coordinate large numbers of networked heterogeneous systems cooperating on a common mission objective. This paper describes a promising approach to addressing this challenge by using swarm intelligence to coordinate multiple heterogeneous vehicles and remote sensors in realistic applications. We describe a class of stigmergic algorithms based on digital pheromones to control and coordinate the actions of heterogeneous unmanned air and ground systems in two applications: broad area surveillance and base protection. An Operator System Interface was developed to evaluate techniques for enabling a single operator to monitor and manage multiple unmanned vehicles and unattended sensors of different types. The results from recent demonstrations of the technology using air and ground platforms are reported.


In this,the first of two articles,poor adherence with antidepressant treatment and the effect on outcome are explored.The factors important in the selection of an antidepressant are also considered. In the second article, treatment variables that may affect adherence will be examined alongside various interventions that have been proposed to improve medicine taking behaviour in patients with depression. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Interface Ltd


Arboleda et al. have recently shown that IMAGe (intra‐uterine growth restriction, metaphyseal dysplasia, adrenal hypoplasia congenita and genital abnormalities) syndrome is caused by gain‐of‐function mutations of maternally expressed gene CDKN1C on chromosome 11p15.5. However, there is no other report describing clinical findings in patients with molecularly studied IMAGe syndrome. Here, we report clinical and molecular findings in Japanese patients.


In this study physicochemical characteristics and stability of various manganese coated sands (MCS) prepared with different methods were evaluated. In addition, removal efficiencies of As(III) by each MCS were compared. Four different MCSs were used; B-MCS prepared by baking method, W&D-MCS prepared by wetting and dry method, NMCS prepared during the water treatment process and Birm which is a commercial MCS widely used for the removal iron and manganese. The manganese content in each MCS was following order: Birm (63,120 mg/kg) > N-MCS (10,400 mg/kg) >W&D-MCS (5,080 mg/kg) > B-MCS (2,220 mg/kg). Birm showed the least solubility (% basis) in acidic conditions. As(III) oxidation efficiency of B-MCS was continuously increased as the solution pH decreased. While As(III) oxidation efficiency of N-MCS and Birm was minimum around neutral pH. The increased As(III) oxidation efficiency above neutral pH for N-MCS and Birm could be due to the competitive adsorption of , which was produced from reduction of , onto the surface of aluminum and manganese oxides.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the expression of p21(WAF1) gene in human osteosarcoma and their relationships with clinicopathological parameters and prognostic value.

METHODS
The p21(WAF1) gene mRNA and p21 protein expression in 45 osteosarcoma and 10 fibrous dysplasia of bone specimens were analyzed by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry respectively.

RESULTS
(1) The positive rate of p21 protein expression in osteosarcoma was 17.7% (8/45). (2) The expression rate in high proliferation (4/10) significantly higher than that in low proliferation (4/35) osteosarcoma (chi2 = 4.34, P < 0.05). (3) The positive rate of p21(WAF1) mRNA expression in osteosarcoma was 42.2% (19/45). The expression rate in high proliferation (6/10) significantly higher than that in low proliferation (13/35) osteosarcoma (chi2 = 20.6, P < 0.01). (4) The survival time after operation of the patients with p21(WAF1) mRNA expression were higher than that of the patients with p21(WAF1) mRNA negative expression (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS
(1) With the increase in degree of malignancy, the expression of p21(WAF1) mRNA and p21 protein in osteosarcoma tend decrease. (2) The expression of p21(WAF1) mRNA has a definite value in judging prognosis in osteosarcoma.


CONVULSIONS Childhood convulsions are often ascribed to evil spirits. In some part of the world a convulsive child is held above an open fire "to chase away" the evil spirits by the smoke. Burns on the buttocks, soles of the feet and legs are common complications of this traditional practice. Blowing smoke into the anus was described in West Africa. Enemas are common native treatment by herbalists (Haneveld 1970). Among the Yoruba populations of western Nigeria the addition of a "cow's urine tobacco mixture" is a common practice and not only by the native herbalists. In some households a bottle of "cow's urine" is the first home medicine for all types of illnesses. A study of unusual methods in traditional medical practices discussed the burns of buttocks and feet and the "cow's urine poisoning syndrome" (Voorhoeve 1969). The common native practice of administering "cow's urine" in childhood convulsions was the subject of a paediatric conference in Nigeria (Oyebola and Elegbe 1975). To reduce the use of dangerous traditional practices several solutions are possible. A national programme of public health education may produce some results, but often, the belief in native medicine is very strong. Co-operation between traditional and Western medicine is the general policy of the World Health Organization, especially in maternal and child health. However, this co-operation does not always reduce or correct traditional treatment. Sometimes co-operation with modern medicine may stimulate dangerous native treatments. The recommended co-operation between traditional and Western medicine is now also recommended from Africa in tropical psychiatry (Odejide et al. 1978).


UNLABELLED
The purpose of of this study is to identify IELs through immunocytochemistry stains for counting infiltration duodenal mucosa with T lymphocytes in children with celiac disease.

MATERIAL AND METHOD
It was selected up simptomatology (abdominal pain, anorexia, failure thrive, chronic diarheea), features immunology(positifs tissue transglutaminase antibodies) and considering the histopathologic results (IELs > 30/100 enterocytes, crypt hyperplasia and villous atrophy) we made two groups: first group (13 children with celiac disease of 53 children with celiac disease) and second group (13 children with chronic duodenitis nonspecific). For evidence of intraepithelial lymphocytes T using immunocytochemistry tehnicque (immunohistochemical staining) Envision with antibody anti CD 3 from Dako firme. Corresponding Marsh clasification considering patological IELs > 30/100 enterocytes. Statitics method was used The Student' t test.

RESULTS
Analyse IELs in two groups our show difference statistics to demonstrate with the Student' t test (t = -12.237; p = 0.003).

CONCLUSION
An increase IELs is helpful in recognising early and bordeline, but the finding is not specific. The histopathologic exam remains the gold standard for celiac disease.


We examine planar double split-ring resonators (SRRs) consisting of two concentric rings with either opposite, similar, or asymmetric gap orientation. Depending on the geometry we observe resonance hybridization, metamaterial induced transparency, or the excitation of dark resonances. These properties can be used for SRR based sensing applications, to realize strongly dispersive behavior, or for determining the optical properties of metals. We further find that THz SRRs featuring very narrow gaps on the micro- or nanoscale can provide in-gap enhancement factors of several 10,000, a property particularly useful for the realization of nonlinear THz experiments.


Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of shuttle-mode computed tomography (CT) technology for body perfusion applications by quantitatively assessing and correcting motion artifacts. Methods Noncontrast shuttle-mode CT scans (10 phases, 2 nonoverlapping bed locations) were acquired from 4 patients on a GE 750HD CT scanner. Shuttling effects were quantified using Euclidean distances (between-phase and between-bed locations) of corresponding fiducial points on the shuttle and reference phase scans (prior to shuttle mode). Motion correction with nonrigid registration was evaluated using sum-of-squares differences and distances between centers of segmented volumes of interest on shuttle and references images. Results Fiducial point analysis showed an average shuttling motion of 0.85 ± 1.05 mm (between-bed) and 1.18 ± 1.46 mm (between-phase), respectively. The volume-of-interest analysis of the nonrigid registration results showed improved sum-of-squares differences from 2950 to 597, between-bed distance from 1.64 to 1.20 mm, and between-phase distance from 2.64 to 1.33 mm, respectively, averaged over all cases. Conclusions Shuttling effects introduced during shuttle-mode CT acquisitions can be computationally corrected for body perfusion applications.


The ability of ESEM to image insulating and/or moist specimens without the need for the removal of volatile components or the application of a conductive coating has significantly increased the potential range of experiments and observations that can be performed at the high resolution of electron microscopy. Such a technological advance has particularly important implications for the study of soft matter, complex fluids and biological specimens. An important area of study to which ESEM can be readily applied is that of materials for biomedical applications. Hydroxyapatite (HA) ceramics and HA/polymer composites (e.g. HAPEX™) are being developed for use as synthetic scaffolds in bone tissue engineering. The bioactivity of these materials is dependent upon such factors as phase composition, chemical composition, surface activity, crystallinity and microstructure. Using ESEM it is possible to obtain surface-sensitive, specimen-dependent secondary electron images (in the absence of specimen coating), yielding potentially new perspectives on microstructure to complement information derived from other techniques.


This article make a walk for the theosophical thought of Alberto Masferrer showing as the creator of the Minimum Vital theory at the beginning doesn't know how to build his idea of God and world. As well explain how that doctrine even for his supporters become confuse because it eclectic character. Also present the doctrinal and institutional confrontation between theosophy and Catholicism during the first half of the XX century: the theosophy under the creed that its principles were perfectly harmonics with the Catholicism and the Catholic Church condemning to the theosophy under the assumption was a series of superstitions and absurd suggestions. Since other perspective prove Masferrer´s work is unitary, or in other words, his theosophical dimension is intimately bound to his vitalism or social dimension.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 149, 2017: 91-115


Introduction: The transverse acetabular ligament (TAL) antomy is not a well explored aspect of the hip joint with limited morphological description in the reviewed literature. It is often used as an anatomical landmark for orientation of the acetabular component in total hip arthroplasty (THA). There is debate as to whether it represents an appropriate guide to cup placement in THA. Present descriptions in orthopaedic literature conside it as a single plane structure to which the surgeon can align the cup. The aim of the current study was to investigate the morphology of the TAL and it was hypothesised that the current description of it being a plane would prove insufficient. Materials and methods: Seven dry bone hemi-pelves were reconstructed using a microscribe and rhinoceros 4.0 3D software to visualise attachment sites. Three hips from two female donors were dissected to expose the acetabulum and the TAL. This structure was removed and a footprint taken of its perimeter and attachment sites for measurement of ligament length, breadth and area of attachment from digital photographs. Finally, 3D models of the dissected acetabuli with an outline of the TAL and attachment sites were created as before. Results: The TAL extended beyond the acetabular notch, around the circumference of the acetabular rim. Two attachment sites were identified in each specimen, found at two sites in the superior half of the acetabular rim; one anterior and one posterior. In one specimen, an additional attachment site was identified on the posterior horn. TAL length in each specimen as measured from 2D digital photographs were 132 mm, 117 mm and 179 mm, with attachment areas of 215 mm 2 , 150 mm 2 and 350 mm 2 , respectively. There was marked variation in ligament breadth both between and within individual specimens, ranging from 2.6 to 5.3mm in the smallest specimen and 3.2 to 6.3mm in the largest specimen. The whole structure as one does not conform to be a plane of orientation. Discussion: Contrary to previous literature assumption, the TAL extended far beyond the acetabular notch. Likewise, its attachment sites were found further round the acetabular rim than previously described. The unexpected breadth may explain the disagreement between studies looking at the structure as an anatomical plane. Further biomechanical research may determine which part – if any – of the ligament, should the acetabular component be orientated to. The details will be presented in the paper.


Despite the anticancer effect of lupeol (Lup), low aqueous solubility can make its therapeutic usage difficult. However, polycaprolactone/Gelatin (PCL-GEL) nanofibers scaffold eliminates this problem. This study has been conducted to recognize PCL-GEL-Lup nanofibers effect on cancer cell lines. PCL-GEL solution was prepared at different ratios (8 wt% and 4 wt%) for achieving optimal nanofibers. PCL-GEL-Lup nanofibers were provided via electrospinning technique. The surface morphology of nanofibers was examined using FESEM. Functional groups were investigated by a Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. Lupeol released from nanofibers was detected by a UV–Visible spectroscopy. The drug release profile confirmed the sustained release of about 80% achieved within 40 h. IC50 of lupeol against ACHN and HSC-3 cell lines are 52.57 and 66.10 μg ml−1 respectively. The study results from aid an understanding of the fabrication of a scaffold with an optimum dose of bioactive lupeol in 6 wt% with bead free uniform diameter that is capable of binding the drug efficiently. The enhanced cytotoxicity activity by effective diffusion and elution to the target achieved in this study help to develop a nanofiber in the ongoing battle against cancer.


This paper uses soil samples and test data from farmland in Zhejiang Province to determine soil organic carbon storage and the average soil carbon density in the surface layer(0~0.2m),middle layer(0~1.0m),and deep layer(0~1.8m) using the exponential model method,and sets the results in the context of the distribution of soil types and land use in the region.Soil organic carbon storage in the surface,middle,and deep layers was 1.13×108,3.78×108,and 4.93×108 t,respectively,and the average soil carbon density was 0.31×104,1.03×104,and 1.35×104 t/km2,respectively.Organic carbon storage was higher in woodlands and cultivated land at 72.87% and 14.91%,respectively,and in the paddy soil and red soil was around 83.54%.The average soil carbon density was also high in woodlands and cultivated land.In contrast to other provinces,the soil carbon storehouse has more fixed carbon functions and increased potential for fixing carbon in Zhejiang Province.


This report is the result of ongoing research on police violence performed by the staff of our Rio de Janeiro, Brazil office from December 1995 through March 1997. Research for the report included several missions to São Paulo, two to Natal, two to Recife, Salvador, and Belo Horizonte, and one Mission to Porto Alegre. The report was written by James Cavallaro, our Brazil office director and edited by Anne Manuel, deputy director of Human Rights Watch/Americas. The following staff in our Brazil office provided significant assistance in the research and writing of this report: Anna Monteiro (research and press assistant), Gustavo Pacheco (attorney), Ricardo Lima (law intern, Harvard Law School) Florian Hoffman (graduate student intern, Catholic University, Rio de Janeiro), Dara McDaniel (law intern, Australian National University), and Simone Rocha (journalist). Human Rights Watch/Americas would like to thank the following individuals and organizations for their assistance and cooperation in preparing this report: the staff of the Human Rights Commission of the Legislative Assembly of Rio Grande do Sul (Porto Alegre), the Ombudsman for Police in São Paulo, Sandra Carvalho of the Teotônio Vilela Commission in São Paulo, the Human Rights Division of the public prosecutors office in Belo Horizonte, the Human Rights Commission of the Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro, Daniel Aragão of the Justice and Peace Commission of Salvador, Bahia, the Office of Legal Support for Popular Organizations and the Dom Hélder Câmara Center in Recife, the Center for Human Rights and Popular Memory in Natal, and the Human Rights Commission of the Federal Chamber of Deputies in Brasilia. Human Rights Watch/Americas would also thank those state and federal government authorities that met with us and provided access to information concerning police violence.


The taxonomic status,morphological characteristics and chemical composition of 30 kinds of common botanical native pesticides in Qiannan Prefecture of Guizhou Province and their application in the agricultural production in China were introduced.


Chlorophyll (Chi) and carotenoid contents increased at 0.5% and 1 % (w/v) NaCI salinity levels, but decreased significantly over control values at 3% (w/v) NaCl level. Protein content of the 15d old cotyledons decreased under salinity. However, the leaf protein content increased 3 limes of control value at 0.5% salinity level at 25d but at higher salinity levels there was no significant change over control values. List of abbreviations : Chi Chlorophyll, NaCl Sodium chloride


Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have become the number one killer in the world and more people die annually from CVDs than from any other cause. Since the etiology and pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases are not yet fully understood, extensive research work has been carried out to improve the basic information on the morphology and histology in different species during past few decades. Since late 1970s focus of research shifted to bovine species. These studies were complemented by the morphology of inner organs of laboratory and wild animals. Parallel, the correlation between the morphological and histological parameters in health and disease conditions was recorded. There are some correlations between some connective tissue parameters, which establish a morpho physiological relation with the three organs which are important for the regulation of the cardiovascular system namely heart, kidney and adrenal gland. This reviews is an attempt to compile scattered information on structural morphology of the blood pressure regulating organs in domestic species and to determine their role in exploring anatomic-pathological cardiovascular.


Whilst globalization and regionalism have gained momentum all over the world during the last two decades, this is a new phenomenon in the Arab region. Mainstream economic analysis has abstracted from the political factors underlying regionalism and its political and security implications. This article deals with Mediterranean regionalism considering its political, security and cultural dimensions. In order to clarify the political dimension of economic regionalism in the Mediterranean, a review the literature on regionalism linking economics and politics is presented. Thereafter, conceptual tools reviewed in the first section to the analysis of regionalism in the Mediterranean are applied. Finally, perspectives faced by the different integration initiatives in the region are discussed and analyzed. يبرعلا لماكتلا لباقم ةيطسوتلما ةيبورولأا : ؟ قفاوت نم له


Isolated chimpanzee nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of: a) SEQ ID NO: 1; and b) a nucleic acid sequence complementary to the sequence of (a).


The development objective of the General Education Modernization Project for Sri Lanka is to enhance quality and strengthen stewardship of the general education system. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (1) all new constructions and expansion activities of centers will be screened for land status documentation and the presence of encroachers, competing claims, or other encumbrances; (2) a legal contract will be established which will include details of the land being donated; formal consent of the land owner and interested parties, and the witnesses; (3) The abbreviated resettlement action plan (ARAP) will also include the eligibility criteria and entitlements and methods for valuating affected assets and losses; the institutional and implementation arrangements, the monitoring mechanisms; grievance redress mechanism; consultation and stakeholder engagement; and the budget and timeline for the implementation of the ARAP; and (4) the contractor will be required to prepare an environmental management plan that will include activities for mitigating the construction related risks and impacts.


People perceive the indoor environment through interacting and integrating various sensory organs. Sixteen volunteers were recruited for an experimental study investigating the cross-effects of temperature and light on environmental perception. The experiment was designed with three independent variables: indoor temperature (24°C, 26°C, and 28 °C), illuminance (100 lx, 300 lx, and 500 lx), and correlated color temperature (CCT) (3000 K, 4000 K, and 6500 K). Subjective questionnaires and heart rate variability (HRV) were used to evaluate volunteers' perceptions of the different indoor thermal-lighting environments. The results show that temperature and CCT have significant effects on thermal sensation. Temperature, illuminance, and CCT have significant second-order effects on thermal sensation. The bright sensation was significantly affected by illumination, and different temperatures affected the sensation of the same illumination. Lighting comfort is significantly affected by CCT, but the temperature has no significant effect on lighting comfort. Environmental perception classification models using SVM and DT algorithms with physical environment parameters and volunteer heart rate variability metrics are established, and all three voting accuracies are above 84%. The established models can be used to provide dynamic regulation strategies for the indoor environment of intelligent buildings.


Organizing is the second step in organization management after planning. An excellent organization produces a good form of organization, ranging from workplace systems, structures, resources to other aspects . This research discusses: organizing management in the Arabic program and division of duties in organizing the Arabic language program "Mahabbah" on Elbas 97.6 FM radio Bengkulu. This research uses the descriptive qualitative method. Data collection is conducted in interviews and observations directly to the head of labor, administrators, broadcasters. After the collected data is done through a) reduction of data, b) presentation of data, c) withdrawal of conclusions. This study showed that 1) organizing management in Elbas 97.6 FM radio program using coordination system can be seen from the duties of a radio announcer under the auspices of division, programmer, labor head, radio news manager, director, and commissioner. The Arabic program, in general, has a model of the structure of the line and staff. Therefore, the Arabic language program is presented after coordination with the interrelated staff. The broadcaster of the Arabic language program consists of two broadcasters who have different tasks. The division of functions is done so that the material presented can be delivered in Arabic and can be understood easily by the listener with the description using Indonesian 2) The division of tasks in the Arabic language program in organizing is clear and structured. Each broadcaster of the Arabic program has a planning task consisting of planning the presentation of materials and content that is inseparable from the nuances of Arabic, organizing the functions shared by each broadcaster. Broadcaster 1 has the core task of presenting Arabic language material with subtitles. In contrast, the 2nd broadcaster explains the presentation of broadcaster 1 so that listeners can understand the material and content offered, briefing, and supervision to regenerate the next broadcaster by conducting mentoring for two weeks. In addition to mentoring, broadcasters supervise the running of Arabic language programs so that the programs presented can achieve the desired goals.


A limit theorem is proved for semi-Markov processes, which depend on a small parameter, tending to 0, in the case when the processes have an absorbing state and some asymptotically non-essential states and one asymptotically essential state. The application of the theorem is illustrated by an example from reliability theory.


One of the challenges in pediatric cancer (PC) research is that cancers in children are uncommon and are quite different from adults. Much of the research in adult cancers is focused on studying cancer driver genes, aiming at their therapeutic targeting. However, PCs are often driven by relatively few genetic alterations that are distinct from those that occur in adult cancers. Here we apply a novel data-driven approach to identify the synthetic lethality (SL) networks of several different pediatric cancers. These provide a new platform for discovering novel vulnerabilities in primary tumors from PCs that extends previous approaches commonly used in adult cancer. SL interactions denote the relationship between two genes whose combined inactivation is lethal to the cell, while their individual inactivation is not. To identify the SL landscape characteristic of a specific pediatric cancer, we mined the relevant pediatric cell line and patients' tumor data in the TARGET database. Our computational framework consists of four inference steps: For SL interactions, we first identify putative SL gene pairs from the pediatric cell line dependency map generated by in vitro RNAi/CRISPR screens (depmap). Second, among the candidate gene pairs that pass the first step, we select those gene pairs whose co-inactivation is under-represented in pediatric tumors, indicating that they are selected against. Third, we further prioritize candidate SL pairs whose co-inactivation is associated with better prognosis, indicating that they may hamper tumor progression. Finally, we prioritize SL paired genes with similar evolutionary phylogenetic profiles. Applying this approach to analyze TARGET data, we identify the first genome-wide SL networks in five pediatric tumors including Wilms' tumor, neuroblastoma, AML, ALL, and osteosarcoma. The predicted SL interactions are first tested and validated via experimental in vitro CRISPR screens. Second, we show that the PC specific SL networks are predictive of drug response in pediatric cell lines but not in adult cell lines of the corresponding tumor type. These results establish that the predicted SL interactions offer an exciting venue for developing predictive biomarkers specific for PC treatments. Importantly, these predictions were performed in an unsupervised manner, reducing the known risk of over-fitting and lack of generalizability commonly associated with supervised prediction methods. Notably, our analysis identifies many SL partners of key drivers of PCs such as WT1, MYCN, and ATRX, and the key interactions discovered include ATRX-MAP kinases, MYCN-CDC6 (cell cycle regulation), and DNMT1-HK2. These provide novel selective drug target candidates for the tumors driven by these genes and lay a basis for new treatment combinations. Taken together, these results lay a basis for a new paradigm for whole-exome SL-based precision treatments in pediatric oncology, complementing existing mutation- and fusion-based approaches. Citation Format: Fiorella Schischlik, Joo Sang Lee, Nirali Shah, Rosandra N. Kaplan, Carol J. Thiele, Brigitte Widemann, Eytan Ruppin. Charting the synthetic lethality landscape in pediatric cancer to advance whole-exome precision-based treatments [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Advances in Pediatric Cancer Research; 2019 Sep 17-20; Montreal, QC, Canada. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(14 Suppl):Abstract nr A46.


This article offers a discussion on the application of semiotics to sport and communication studies. It considers the theoretical orientations of semiotics and the key analytical foci to which semiotic research pays attention. Initially, this article reviews a linguistic theory of structuralism and poststructuralism. It also contemplates three paired concepts within the semiotic discipline that are particularly relevant to sport communication research. These include (1) the notion of denotation and connotation, (2) metaphoric and metonymic signs, and (3) syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations. This article also considers Derrida's notions of différance and deconstruction. In addition, this article presents a case study of analysing the content of the Procter and Gamble Company's marketing communication campaign associated with the Olympics in order to show how the conceptual tools of semiotics can be used for sport and communication studies. This case study indicates that the Olympic sponsor's commercial messages naturalise the gender order underpinned by the notion of hegemonic masculinity. This work concludes that while semiotics is, by no means, a research tool without limitations, it can be a useful interpretative method for analysing meaning-making processes in sport communication and for identifying underlying ideological assumptions embedded in sport as a cultural text.


Current trends in bio-medicine include research synthesis and dissemination of bioinformation by means of health (bio) information technology (H[b] IT). Research must secure the validity and reliability of assessment tools to quantify research quality in the pursuit of the best available evidence. Our concerted work in this domain led to the revision of three instruments for that purpose, including the stringent characterization of inter-rater reliability and coefficient of agreement. It is timely and critical to advance the methodological development of the science of research synthesis by strengthening the reliability of existing measure of research quality in order to ensure H[b] IT efficacy and effectiveness.


Abstract Background Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are at increased stroke risk in comparison to those with non-valvular AF not affected by HCM. Objectives To investigate the role of left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) in patients with HCM and AF. Methods and results We identified patients with HCM and AF using the National Readmission Dataset. Patients were stratified based on LAAC status. The primary efficacy outcome was a composite of ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke, TIA, and all-cause mortality. The primary safety outcome was a composite of major bleeding and pericardial complications. Patients were matched using inverse probability of treatment weighting. Cox-proportional hazard regression was applied to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) on matched cohorts. We identified 71 980 patients with HCM and AF. 1351 (1.9%) patients underwent LAAC. Two hundred and eighty-seven (21.2%) underwent transcatheter LAAC. LAAC was associated with a lower risk of the primary efficacy outcome (2.5% vs. 5.4%, HR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.17–0.88; P = 0.024), the primary safety outcome (2.9% vs. 6.8%, HR: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.23–0.66, P = 0.001), and reduced major bleeding. The LAAC group trended towards a lower risk of ischaemic stroke and all-cause mortality. Conclusion Surgical and transcatheter LAAC was associated with a lower risk of haemorrhagic stroke and major bleeding.


The author of the paper believes that 1) Lu Ji's Fu (Poetic Prose) on Literature deals with"literary creation" rather than "literary works"; 2) it deals with the mental and psychological acts in literary creation, i.e., the "taking to heart" in the process of writing and creation; 3) the "heart", though surging all the time, involves 4 aspects: feeling, willing, thinking and meaning, and this includes sense and sensibility as the major human mental activities.


The situations of the outer wall system with energy efficiency in some cities in south coastal area are introduced according to their characters such as climate and geographic information.How to select an outer wall system with energy efficiency is analyzed,including to select wall material,to consider wall self insulation system as systemic technology,to pay attention to the action of the wind.


In the course of continuing investigations out the effects of glucocorticoids on nucleic acid synthesis in mouse fibroblasts, we have characterized a nuclear system capable of carrying on both DNA and RNA synthesis. Intact nuclei isolated from logarithmically growing fibroblasts can incorporate both ribonucleoside and deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates into cold acid-insoluble material under the direction of endogenous enzyme and template. The extent of DNA synthesis does not approach that proceeding in intact cells. The incorporation of both ribo- and deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates into macromolecular material is DNA template-dependent and requires the presence of all four complementary nucleotides. The DNA formed is of low molecular weight and does not sediment with bulk DNA on alkaline sucrose gradient centrifugation. Although DNA and RNA synthesis is significantly inhibited in nuclei isolated from cells treated with growth-inhibitory doses of glucocorticoids, the apparent 2-fold greater inhibition of DNA synthesis with respect to RNA synthesis as measured by thymidine and uridine incorporation in whole cells is not observed. Neither DNA nor RNA synthesis is inhibited by direct addition of very high levels of glucocorticoids to nuclear suspensions or broken whole cells. The intact nuclear system has also been examined with respect to enzymatic functions which affect the state of the nucleoside triphosphate precursors and the RNA and DNA products.


Currently, the most powerful supercomputers can provide tens of petaflops. Future many-core systems are estimated to provide an exaflop. However, the power budget limitation makes these machines still unfeasible and unaffordable. Floating Point Units (FPUs) are critical from both the power consumption and performance points of view of today's microprocessors and supercomputers. Literature offers very different designs. Some of them are focused on increasing performance no matter the penalty, and others on decreasing power at the expense of lower performance. In this article, we propose a novel approach for reducing the power of the FPU without degrading the rest of parameters. Concretely, this power reduction is also accompanied by an area reduction and a performance improvement. Hence, an overall energy gain will be produced. According to our experiments, our proposed unit consumes 17.5%, 23% and 16.5% less energy for single, double and quadruple precision, with an additional 15%, 21.5% and 14.5% delay reduction, respectively. Furthermore, area is also diminished by 4%, 4.5 and 5%.


The basic concept of fractal geometry is introduced, and development of fractal geometry is discussed, the state of the arts of applications of fractal geometry to tribology, fracture mechanics, fault diagnosis, modeling of decision making mapping models for manufacturing, fractal design for complex products, refinement of FEM mesh etc are reviewed.


According to a study at the California Institute of Technology, the carbon dioxide (CO2) released by a meteor or comet striking the earth 65 million years ago could have doomed many species of animals and plants by dramatically raising temperatures worldwide. The results of this study will be presented at the 19th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference in Houston, Texas.


In this work, we propose a novel implementation of Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) algorithm to solve a multiagent pathfinding (MAPF) problem. We employ an optimization of MCTS with low time-complexity and acceptable reliability to approach the MAPF problems with no time constraint. To examine the efficiency and performance of the proposed approach, the NumberLink problem as a MAPF is investigated. We show that the addressed problem could be characterized as multi-agent pathfinding problem with no overlapping paths for the agents. Furthermore, we define this problem to be a simplified and special case of Multi-commodity flow problem (MCFP). Our MCTS solution utilizes a modified search-tree structure to efficiently solve the problem based on a 2-dimensional search space which performs in quadratic time complexity (O(m4) where input size is m2) and linear memory complexity (O(m2)). To evaluate our algorithm, we investigate the efficiency of the proposed solution for the well-known Flow Free puzzle. Our implementation solves a large 40 × 40 Numberlink puzzle in 21 minutes. To the best of our knowledge, there is no other efficient solution for this puzzle where the size of the problem is considerably large.


This paper is a first exploration of how privacy requirements could influence the design of each of the processes in a learning analytics framework model under development. The international organization for standardization, ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC36, is working on a reference model specifying a learning analytics process loop of six processes: Learning Activity, Data Collection, Data Storing and Processing, Analyzing, Visualization, and Feedback Actions. All these processes are, according to the framework, influenced by privacy policies.


This paper discusses traditional medicine practiced by Malays. Basically, traditional medicine is indeed inseparable from its environment where humans interact with nature, even their lives depend on basic ingredients found in the surrounding environment. Therefore, to understand the healthy way of life of the community, the study of Malay manuscripts is important because it is a primary source, as found in the texts. For this reason, this paper seeks to present the prescriptions contained in the views of Islam as seen in the Tibb al-Nabawi genre as the right thing in the context of the contribution of the Natural Malay-Archipelago civilization to the outside world, especially in traditional medicine, especially in the text 19th or 20th century Malay texts based on existing texts.


A series of molded experiments were made on four different materials such as soybean,steamed bread,wood and terylene on condition of three different initial moisture contents and two different relative humidity.According to the method of assessing the mildewing grade,the curves of mildewing process of the four materials was obtained,and the effects on mildewing of different materials' character,initial moisture content,and environmental humidity was analyzed.The result indicates that the most important factor to mildew is materials' transient moisture content and nutrition ingredient.


The purpose of this study was to determine the physical, mechanical and barrier properties of yam starch edible film. This research used Randomized Block Design (RAK).grouping the cultivar into 2, white and purple water yam. The starch concentration used were 1,33%, 2%, 2,67%, dan 3,33%.The results showed that the two cultivars produced similar properties of edible film.  The concentration of water yam starch affected transparency, thickness, water vapour transmision rate (WVTR) and compressive streght of edible film, but did not affect its solubility in water. The starch concentration of 2.67% was found to be the most appropriate concentration which produce edible film with thickness 0.12 to 0.13 mm, transparency 12.42 to 13.24%/mm, solubility 84.36 to 86.60%, water vapor transmission rate 1.16 x10-2 to 1.08 x10-2 g/sec/m2, and compressive strenght 48.10 to 49.35 N/m2Keywords:Edible Film, Water Yam, Cultivars, Starch concentration


The ReLaTe (Remote Language Teaching over SuperJANET) project developed a remote language teaching application which uses multicast multimedia conferencing. The joint project between University College London and the University of Exeter ran from September 1994 to December 1995. The project developed a system which supports remote interactive language tutoring by adapting and enhancing existing multimedia conferencing technology piloted by the MICE (Multimedia Integrated Conferencing for Europe) project (M.J. Handley et al., 1993; P.T. Kirstein, et al.; 1995), The system was evaluated in a field trial of 4 language courses running over 10 weeks, involving teachers and students at Exeter University and UCL. Evaluation of these sessions aimed: (a) determine whether remote small group language teaching over networks is feasible; (b) identify changes to network and workstation technology required; and (c) to establish whether this style of teaching is compatible with the current pedagogy of language teaching.


Professor Shapiro notes that, e.g., advisory committees may increase technical accuracy at the price of delaying already slow rule making and urges Congress and the courts to provide agencies with broad procedural discretion.