&A,4080v 111 if. amvianud 111 ff. Aperfu d'une histoire de la langue grecque, Meillet 169 ff. Archaeological Excavation, Droop 265 archetypes of Donatus' Commentary on Terence, number of 301 ff. Aristotle on " coming-to-be " and " passing away" 334 ff. Aristotle. On Coming-to-Be and Passing-Away, ed. Joachim 368 ff. assumptions of Aristotle's scientific treatises 336 Athenian courts, wit and humor in 97 ff. Athenian Lekythoi with Outline Drawing in Matt Color on a White Ground, Fairbanks 266 f. Aurispa, copy of Donatus' Commentary on Terence by 285 Aus Goethe's Griechischer Gedankenwelt, Bapp 175 ff.


This article reviews the assumptions made in deriving the classical and quantum forms of the virial theorem and gives some alternative methods of derivation. A study is made of the use of the virial theorem in approximate calculations on classical and quantum systems, with emphasis on variational processes which involve a change of length scale. A detailed example is provided by the use of the virial theorem in computing the approximate frequency of a classical anharmonic oscillator.


Measuring the Requirements Management Key Process Area : Application of the Goal Question Metric to the Requirements Management Key Process Area of the Capability Maturity Model


We discuss a technique for investigating changes in complex topography and shape of structures using geomorphometric methods to study surfaces of wafers and membranes formed by the Bosch process. The wafers were analyzed before and after the deposition of the SiO2 layer. The membranes were analyzed during the bulge testing. The study was carried out using maps of the catchment area and principal curvatures taking into account artifacts of the approximation of experimental data. We found a correspondence between the distribution of lines connecting the highest surface areas before and after the deposition of the SiO2 layer on the wafers. For membranes with structure: Al(0.8 μm)/SiO2(0.6 μm)/Al(1.1 μm), pSi*(0.8 μm)/SiNx(0.13 μm)/SiO2, Al(0.6 μm) we also found that features of membrane boundaries are mainly caused by their initial shape rather than change under the action of an applied pressure. The advantages of geomorphometric methods for studying changes in the shape of wafers and thin-film membranes in technological processes for the manufacturing of microelectronic devices are shown in comparison with traditional methods for analyzing surface topography maps. Keywords: thin films, membrane, defect, mechanical characteristics, mechanical stresses, deformation, deflection, strain, microelectromechanical systems, MEMS, circular membrane, silicon substrate, optical profilometry, overpressure, geomorphometry, Gaussian curvature, warpage, principal curvatures, wafer, bulge testing, bulging method, thin-layer coating, digital elevation models, DEM, surface, topography.


textabstractThe ameliorating effect of increased γ‐globin gene expression in β‐thalassemia and Sickle cell disease, favored γ‐globin gene reactivation as the most attractive treatment approach. This has led to intense research efforts to elucidate the mechanism of γ‐globin gene switching with the aim of reversing the switching process. Many DNA cis elements (e.g. LCR, ‐117 HPFH mutation, BGL3 region) as well as trans regulatory protein such as BCL11a, LDB1, and KLF1 has been identified that are important for developmental globin genes regulation. This and other evidences from literature suggest the involvement of other protein factors, as yet unknown, on γ‐globin promoter or LCR that work remotely with previously known protein factors. We recently described an unbiased proteomics approach; Targeted Chromatin Purification (TChP), to identify other possible proteins involved in γ‐globin silencing.
ZBP‐89 was identified as one of the proteins in γ‐globin chromatin purification. Here we report functional study on the role of ZBP‐89 in globin regulation.


SUMMARY Direct intravital microscopy was used to analyze microclrculatory changes in the exteriorized spinotrapezius muscle of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The animals were anesthetized with a mixture of chloralose-urethane, and measurements made pressure, flow, and resistance in vessels ranging in size from 50 to 5 Mm. Tbe vascular changes in SHR were compared with matched Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) strain animals for both young (5-6 weeks old) and mature (12-13 weeks) rats. Distinctive changes in tbe distribution and levels of pressure, flow, and resistance were seen in tbe entire mlcrovascular network during both stages of the syndrome. There was no significant increase in the resistance of the conduit arteries just proximal to tbe muscle proper. Blood pressure in hypertensives was brought down to normal and even below normal at the level of the capillaries and postcapiiiaries irrespective of tbe height the pressure in the major artery supplying the muscle. The greater drop in pressure across the arteriolar branchings of tbe hypertensives was seen as early as at 5-6 weeks of age; this difference Is much more striking in 12-13 week-old mature hypertensives. The reduction in pressure was proportionately greatest the region of smallest (10-15 /im) precapillaries hypertensives. Resistance values were below normal in the confluent capillaries and postcapiiiaries in both young and mature hypertensives. Volumetric flow, which was marginally higher throughout the arteriolar branchings, fell below normal on the postcapillary side. Since an increased resistance developed at an early age (5-6 weeks) in all of the microvessels on the precapillary side, tbe suggestion is advanced that hypertension associated with a generalized effect on tbe muscular arterioles below 30 urn, an effect that becomes more pronounced with time and at 12-13 weeks begins to involve larger sized arterioles (30-40 pm wide).'


Three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum was applied to characterize the three-dimensional fluorescence properties of dissolved organic matter(DOM) in wastewater from farmer household tourism.The results show that DOM fluorescence properties are characterized by protein-like peaks,and high-excitation wavelength tryptophan-like peak T is strongest among all protein-like fluorescence peaks,while low-excitation wavelength tryptophan-like peak S and low-excitation wavelength tyrosine-like peak D are weaker.The fluorescence intensities of peak S and peak D of comprehensive wastewater from farmer household tourism are stronger than those of restaurant wastewater from farmer household tourism.The fluorescence intensity of protein-like in the wastewater from farmer household tourism is still higher than that of surface water,though the wastewater is diluted and purified by the receiving water body.The pollution of receiving water body by the wastewater from farmer household tourism should not be ignored.


The idea that Labour has already lost the argument on welfare with the Conservatives, and with it the general election, is probably overplayed. If truth be told, Labour's construction and subsequent defence of the welfare state has always been something of a double-edged sword for the Party, earning it brickbats as well as support, and sometimes as stranding it in the past, committing it to promises that were undeliverable and ultimately self-defeating. The political response by Ed Miliband and Ed Balls to the welfare trap set for them by David Cameron and George Osborne owes as much to New Labour as it does to 'One Nation Labour'. That said, the latter does seem to be informing the Party's policy response, in particular its emphasis on restoring the contributory principle. Whether, however, this is practical politics given the inherently hybrid nature of Britain's welfare state and its heavy skew toward help for the elderly is a moot point. And whether 'One Nation' actually helps or hinders the Party in its quest for workable policies and a winning electoral formula is similarly debateable. Certainly, however much it is tempted to do so, Labour shouldn't waste too much valuable time trying to counter widespread myths about welfare. Nor should it overreact and obsess about the issue—or, indeed, pour out detailed policy too soon, if at all. Obviously, Labour needs to provide a direction of travel. However, that should focus not so much on welfare itself but on what the Party is proposing on the economy, on housing and on wages.


A mechanism is provided for migrating a software image installed on a source data-processing entity to a target data-processing entity. The target data-processing entity is booted from a preliminary bootstrap program. The software image is mounted as a remote mass memory on the target data-processing entity. A primary bootstrap program of the software image is copied onto a local mass memory of the target data-processing entity. The target data-processing entity is re-booted from the primary bootstrap program thereby loading a streaming function, and serving each request of accessing a memory block on the target data-processing entity by the streaming function. In response to the memory block missing from the local mass storage, the streaming function downloads the memory block from the software image and stores the memory block into the local mass memory. Otherwise, the streaming function retrieves the memory block from the local mass memory otherwise.


A novel scheme is proposed. This method is based on selective neutralization by laser of negative hydrogen ions in a magnetic field. This selectivity is based on the fact that the final state of the neutralized atom depends on nuclear polarization in the magnetic field. A two‐scenario approach is to be followed: one in which the resulting neutral atom is in the ground state, and in the other the neutral atom is in the n=2 level. Limiting factors are discussed. The main advantages of this scheme are the availability of multi‐ampere negative ion sources and the possibility to neutralize negative ions with very high efficiency.


Aneurysm of the vein of Galen is a rare congenital vascular malformation of the central nervous system. There are controversies in the literature regarding the possible prognostic value of aneurysmal volume estimation with 3‐dimensional US for the prediction of fetal outcome. In this report, we present a case of prenatally diagnosed large aneurysm of the vein of Galen complicated by heart failure in a fetus. The volume of the malformation was calculated as 17.8 cm3 and the fetal outcome was poor. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 38:443–445, 2010


The invention relates to a diaper comprising a water permeable top layer and a non-permeable bottom layer, which are sequentially laminated and fixed, wherein a sensing layer is further laminated and fixed between the water permeable top layer and the non-permeable bottom layer, the diaper is provided with a first end and a second end, which are opposite to each other, the layers in at least one of the first end and the second end stay in a non-stationary natural lamination status, the sensing layer is provided with a first electrode and a second electrode, which are mutually in a non-electric conduction status, each electrode extends from one end of the diaper to the other end of the diaper, the first electrode and the second electrode are electrically connected with an external alarming device, so that the external alarming device can issue an alarm when the first electrode and the second electrode are electrically conducted by an electric conductive medium. The invention also relates to a production process of the diaper.


This report describes the surface water model developed for the Orinoco river basin. In the
next chapter hydrology and climate of the study area are presented. In the third chapter the
general model concept is described. The fourth chapter describes the effects of various
processes in the model on the model results, resulting in the choice of a model with least
complexity and maximum efficiency. In the fifth chapter, calibration and verification of the
chosen model are discussed. The possibilities and limitations of the model are described in the
sixth chapter. The final chapter contains a short evaluation and recommendations for possible
future improvements of the model


The field research method,which has the importance of theoretical and practical feasibility,is the key of mining technology requirements of companies used by Innovation Relay Centres;The field research method in service model of Innovation Relay Centres has been refined,and has implemented with the procedural steps,but it is still necessary to be alert the risk that may appear during the operation.


This paper presents a simple and affordable approach to flood hazard assessment in a region where primary data are scarce. Using a multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) approach coupled with GIS layers for elevation, catchments, land-use, slope, distance from channel, and soil types, we model the spatial extent of flood hazard in the Nadi River basin in western Fiji. Based on the flood hazard model results we assess risk to flood hazards in the greater Nadi area. This is carried out using 2007 census data and building location data obtained from aerial photography. The flood model reveals that the highest hazard areas in Nadi are the Narewa, Sikituru and Yavusania villages followed by the Nadi central business district (Nadi CBD). Closer examination of the data suggests that the Nadi River is not the only flood vector in the area. Several poorly designed storm drains also present a hazard since they get clogged by rubbish and cannot properly evacuate runoff thus creating water build-up. We conclude that the MCDA approach provides a simple and effective means to model flood hazard using basic GIS data. This type of model can help decision makers focus their flood risk awareness efforts, and gives important insights to disaster management authorities.


The phenomenon of "Pendelosung" oscillations, which is well known in X‐ray diffraction [P.P. Ewald, Phys. Z. 14, 465 (1913); Ann. Phys. 54, 519 (1917); Rev. Mod. Phys. 37, 189 (1965)] is predicted here and experimentally verified for the case of two‐dimensional sonic crystals made of hexagonal arrays of fluidlike cylindrical bars embedded in water. The dependence of diffraction intensity is studied as a function of layer thickness; i.e., of the layer number N. Nearly periodic oscillations have been observed at specific frequencies and the oscillation period is also a function of the frequency. The periodic behaviour is evidence of the exchange of energy between two modes in the sonic crystal. [Work supported by MEC of Spain.]


Skin flap survival is a major challenge in reconstructive plastic surgery. Here, we examined the effect of sustained delivery of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) using heparin‐conjugated fibrin (HCF) on skin flap survival in rats.


ion We have an abstraction mechanism if we allow renaming into the empty process. For instance, suppose that we have two atomic actions, say a and b. Let f(a) == a and feb) == e:. Then PI(ab) == a and we have abstracted from b. Table 22. Derivation rules for the encapsulation operator.


When proposals for reform of tariff or subsidy policies are made, attempts to predict the effect on incentives are frequently hampered by the need for input-output technical data. This article develops and illustrates the use of a methodology for approximating effective protection coefficients (EPCs) when such data are unavailable or outdated. It derives the equations which approximate the EPC from statistical analysis of a cross section of existing EPC studies for four agricultural commodities : corn, cotton, rice, and wheat. Informational requirements for computing approximations include the nominal protection coefficients on output and tradable inputs and readily available macroeconomic data. These approximation equations perform well in an out-of-sample test.


The direct energy gap of LiH has been measured at RT under high pressure up to 48 GPa. The gap, estimated from the peak energy of the n =1 exciton in the reflectance spectra, decreases from 4.94 eV at normal pressure to 4.52 eV at 48 GPa. The pressure coefficient of the gap decreases from 0.5 meV/GPa at 0 GPa to -11 meV/GPa at 48 GPa. No discontinuity of peak energy is observed up to 48 GPa. The insulator to metal transition pressure is estimated to be about 400 GPa.


This study aimed to explore the obstacles faced by teachers in Mother Tongue-Based Education (MTB) and their coping strategies. Specifically, it focused on investigating the challenges encountered by teachers in MTB. The study examined the extent of challenges in terms of the availability of instructional materials (IMs), strategies used, and training attended by teachers. Additionally, the level of coping strategies employed by teachers in terms of lesson delivery and IM availability was assessed. The relationship between teachers' challenges and coping strategies in MTB was further explored, and the findings were utilized to develop interventions. Using a descriptive-correlational research design, the study revealed that teachers faced obstacles primarily due to the lack of digital resources and inadequate training, which consequently affected the availability of essential teaching strategies. However, despite these challenges, teachers demonstrated effective coping strategies. They employed various approaches to teach their lessons and achieve their desired objectives, while also utilizing diverse resources to foster a collaborative and interactive learning environment. Moreover, the study found no significant relationship between the extent of teachers' challenges and their level of coping strategies in MTB. Based on the findings, it is recommended that schools provide teachers with targeted training and professional development opportunities specifically related to MTB. By addressing the identified challenges, teachers can enhance their coping strategies and improve the overall effectiveness of MTB education.


Traditional models of simple and complex cells assume a hierarchical structure, distinctly separating their response properties and mechanisms. Because of this assumption, many computational models fail to explain the continuous distribution of V1 cell properties, such as the F1=F0 ratio commonly used to experimentally classify cells as simple or complex. Recent models [2, 9] justify this continuous distribution, with focus on descriptive, or mechanistic, approaches. We introduce a statistical model which produces cells with intermediate invariance properties. In order to obtain this distribution, a pool of cells are subject to two V1 cell objective function approaches, sparseness/independence and temporal coherence, influencing the tendency of a select filter to become more simple-cell or complex-cell like, respectively. The invariance was controlled by a gain parameter which adjusts the amount of excitation that neighboring filters have on the cell's response.


RNA interference (RNAi) provides a powerful tool to elucidate gene function by silencing the expression of a specific gene at the RNA level. The recently discovered CRISPR-Cas9 bacterial immune system can be repurposed to easily create gene mutations and replacements in the mammalian genome and has revolutionized the field of genome engineering and reinforced the field of gene therapy research. Therefore, the RNAi and CRISPR-Cas9 approaches that enable the selective modification of gene expression make them intriguing therapeutic reagents for combating HIV and other infectious diseases. Delivery of RNAi and CRISPR-Cas9 components to the target cells is commonly achieved by use of a DNA vector encoding the effectors. The accurate expression of designed components is critical for the proper and specific execution of their function. In this thesis we focus on studying transcription as mediated by type 3 Pol III promoters and, based on the acquired Pol III knowledge, we develop modified and novel Pol III transcription systems to express optimized RNAi and CRISRP-Cas reagents.


An efficient multiband flexible divider is designed for Bluetooth, Zigbee and other wireless standards and it is implemented using Xilinx ISE 9.1i and modelsim SE 10.0b.It consist of modified multi modulus prescaler and integrated P & S counter. The proposed system will have low power and area compared to existing system


The overall goal of our research is to build a vision learning system which can learn to classify objects from 2-D contour information. The visual representation method for such a vision learning system, called the hierarchical local symmetry (IILS), will be discussed in this paper. The definition and algorithms of smoothed local symmetry (SLS) is reviewed, which was introduced by Brady as a method satisfying stability versus sensitivity criteria of visual representation method. In this paper, HLS, modified SLS, are formalized and a new algorithm to compute the HLS is described. HLS eliminates some redundant information in the SLS and gives us hierarchical information. It also makes it possible to devise more efficient algorithms than that of SLS. Normalized polar coordinate representation (NITII) is used to store the computed HLS with translation, scale, and rotation invariance. Transforming the HLS into the NPCR where the learning process can be performed is also discussed.


Abstract Background Nutritional behaviours such as diet, physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) are interdependent and are likely to change in different way during a public health intervention. This study aimed to 1) identify cross-sectional nutritional profiles and their 2-year longitudinal transition among French school-aged adolescents, 2) identify factors associated with these profiles and transition. Methods Adolescents from the 2-year school-based PRALIMAP (PRomotion de l'ALIMentation et de l'Activité Physique) intervention were included. Nutritional behaviours (diet, PA and SB) were assessed by self-administered questionnaire at the beginning (T0) and end (T2) of the study. Nutritional profiles were identified at T0 using latent class analysis, and their transition from T0 to T2 using latent transition analysis. Logistic regression models were computed to identify associated factors such as sex, weight status, age, socioeconomic status and a PRALIMAP intervention. Results Among the 2390 adolescents included (mean ± SD age=15.1 ± 0.6 years), 5 nutritional profiles were evidenced at T0 and labelled as 'healthy'(12.2%), 'excessive diet' (16.0%), 'physically inactive' (26.1%), 'restrictive diet' (23.5%), and 'unhealthy' (22.2%). Compared to 'physically inactive' profile, adolescents from the 'healthy' ones were less likely to be girls (OR = 0.21; p>.0001), and socially advantaged (OR = 0.87; p=.0002). 'Unhealthy' profile adolescents were less likely to be overweight/obese (OR = 0.48; p>.0001) and more likely to be older (OR = 3.67; p>.0001). At T2, proportion of adolescents increased in 'healthy' (+4.6%), 'unhealthy' (+2.8%) profiles, and decreased in 'excessive diet' (-1.2%), 'physically inactive' (-3.2%), 'restrictive diet' (-3.03%) profiles. Compared to the control group, adolescents from the intervention group were more likely to remain in 'healthy' (OR = 1.3), and to switch from 'excessive eater' (OR = 1.1) and 'physically inactive' (OR = 2.6) to 'healthy'. Sustainability of 'healthy' profile increased with socioeconomic status. Conclusions The results of this study confirm the variety of behavioural profiles in nutrition with significant social differences. It also demonstrated the effectiveness of the intervention in changing behaviours favourably. Public health focusing on nutritional changes may be more effective it taking in to account the social status of adolescents.


Neutron-diffraction studies of ${\mathrm{TiSe}}_{2}$ show that a second-order structural phase transition occurs at ${T}_{0}=202$ K involving transverse atomic displacements with wave vector $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{q}}=(\frac{1}{2},0,\frac{1}{2})$. The electronic transport properties of the most nearly stoichiometric crystals show that ${\mathrm{TiSe}}_{2}$ is a semimetal with ${n}_{e}={n}_{h}={10}^{20}$/${\mathrm{cm}}^{3}$. Small impurity concentrations or deviations from stoichiometry reduce ${n}_{h}$, increase ${n}_{e}$, and suppress the phase transition. This reduction together with the observed displacement pattern lead us to speculate that the transition is driven by an electron-hole coupling.


This paper delves into a two-agent scheduling problem in which two agents are competing for a single resource. Each agent has a set of jobs to be processed by a single machine. The processing time, release time, weight, and the due dates of each job are known in advance. Both agents have their objectives, which are conflicting in nature. The first agent tries to minimize the total completion time, while the second agent tries to minimize the number of tardy jobs. The two agents' scheduling problem, an NP-hard problem, has a wide variety of applications ranging from the manufacturing industry to the cloud computing service provider. Due to the wide applicability, each variation of the problem requires a different algorithm, adapted according to the user's requirements. This paper provides mathematical models, heuristic algorithms, and two nature-based metaheuristic algorithms to solve the problem. The algorithm's performance was gauged against the optimal solution obtained from the AMPL-CPLEX solver for both solution quality and computational time. The outlined metaheuristics produce a solution that is comparable with a short computational time. The proposed metaheuristics even have a better solution than the CPLEX solver for medium-size problems, whereas the computation times are much less than the CPLEX solvers.


Self-assembly, a fundamental process at all scales, [1] plays a vital role in nature and provides an important guidance for design and fabrication of functional materials. [2] Particularly, self-assembly provides an attractive and practical methodology for creating artificial nanostructures that promise broad impacts and applications in the emerging field of nano-science. For example, self-assembled nanoparticles can lead to novel optical materials [3] and high-density magnetic recording media; [4] self-assembled monolayers [5] have enabled nano-meter thickness organic films to be constructed on a variety of substrates for modeling biological surface to control the fate of cells, [6] building molecular electronic devices, [7] developing nanolithography, [8] and generating nanostructures for biomedical diagnostics; [9] and the self-assembly of oligopeptides [10,11] and other organic molecules [12] has resulted in nanofibers as the functional matrices of hydrogels that find possible applications in tissue engineering, [10,13] inhibitor screening, [14] and wound healing. [15] Although these works reflect the exciting and important development of self-assembled nanostructures in a non-biological arena or extracellular settings, intracellular creation of artificial nanostructures remains less explored and its subsequent biological effects largely unknown despite of its potential significances and applications.


A kind of intelligent ventilation system is studied in this paper, which includes host system and slave system. The design scheme and schematic diagram of the hardware circuit are given. A variety of sensors are integrated, which can measure temperature, humidity, formaldehyde, PM2.5 dust, smoke and other parameters. According to the measured data, the host sends out control commands such as "open window" " purify air" and "draught fan speed", and realizes intelligent ventilation. The system has dust prevention, damp proofing and other work mode. The power drive circuit designed by SCR designs to realize no spark control. Host monitors multiple slave stations using ZigBee wireless networks, through the WIFI broadband access network and realize the application of "Internet +". Therefore, users can view and monitor the home environment status through the mobile phone APP software. The system can be used in the newly decorated houses without ventilation, and can also be used in various mines, subway stations, working room of chemical plant and other workplaces


The emergence of electronic formats of publishing has resulted in to the formation of library consortia for resource sharing among the member libraries on economic basis. Various types of library consortia are formed in the recent past; such as CeRA, NKRC and E-Shodhsindhu. But no library consortium seems to be working in the field of medical science except that ERMED. Thus, an idea for forming a medical library consortium for Rajasthan state is floated in this paper.


Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a recently discovered corona virus. First case is reported in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. Various studies found that COVID-19 Pandemic has severely affected the Indian economy and all the major sectors like Banking, Oil & Gas, FMCG, Real Estate, etc.and almost all companies. The Main aim for this study is analysing how COVID-19 Pandemic has affected different sectors of Indian Economy. The researcher found out thatthere is a significant difference between daily closing price of all sectors before and after the first case of COVID-19 reported in India. And there is no difference among the sectors of the Indian economy during the covid-19 period. And when comparing the daily average return of before and after the first case of covid-19 reported in India, all sectors except pharmaceutical and IT sector have been declined. This study will help the policy makers and researchers for taking appropriate decision and further research. © 2022 Author(s).


Two-layer metallic sheets have wide applications in aerospace, marine, automotive and domestic industries due to their superlative characteristics. In this paper, the formability of two-layer sheet is investigated through analytical, experimental and numerical approaches. An analytical model is developed based on Marciniak-Kuczynski method associated Hill's non-quadratic yield criterion. Forming limit diagrams are also obtained numerically based on finite element method using Bifurcation theory and ductile fracture criteria. Furthermore, experiments are carried out on Al3105-St14 two-layer sheet. Theoretical results from various methods are compared with results obtained from experiments to evaluate the competency of discussed analytical and numerical methods to predict the formability of two-layer sheets. The results show that analytical and numerical approaches discussed in this paper have good capabilities to predict the formability of two-layer sheets. However, the analytical method based on M-K model and numerical approach based on bifurcation theory are more suitable to determine the forming limit diagram of Al3105-St14 two-layer sheets.


Based on the analysis of 104 reflective teaching journals by a tertiary English teacher, this study finds that teacher learning of this kind falls into three types, namely, learning for students, learning via students and learning from students, covering all categories of common knowledge paradigm. It is beneficial to the enhancement of teacher knowledge and the construction of teacher identity and contextual culture, resulting in the spiral progress of both the teacher and students. This paper stresses the importance of teacher learning of this kind, and points out that updating conception, reflecting on teaching practice, and enhancing communication with students are the key prerequisites and conditions for successful teaching learning.


This paper introduces data mining into the analysis of the achievements of grade examinations,and in terms of ID3 classification algorithm analyzes students' English achievements of grade examinations,stored in the Teaching Management System,which provides a decision support for the college leadership to formulate scientific stipulations.The result shows that the passing ratio of English grade examinations has a close relevance with the semester of the examination.


This study examined the irradiation effect of high energy x-rays on the hatching process of fertilized eggs, particularly with regard to malformation and blood cells change. The experimental groups were five day old fertilized eggs irradiated with x rays at doses of 5, 7.5, 10 Gyusing alinear accelerator. The control group was not irradiated. After three weeks, hatched chicks were sacrificed and examined for blood sampling. The survival rate of the x-ray irradiated groups were significantly lower than that of the control group( 46.7vs 80%). The malformation rate of the experimental groups was60%, whereas no congenital malformations were observed in the control group. The experimental groups had a significantly higher malformation rate. The types of malformation were left wing defect, proptosis, microcephaly, cervical spine, and feet anomaly. The incidence of malformationincreased with increasing radiation dose. The white blood cell count of control group and eachexperimental groups (5 and 7.5 Gy) were 87.64, 100.76 and 81.42 (10/μL), respectively. X-ray irradiation of 5 day old chick embryos increased the rate of death and malformation significantly.The malformations wereestimated to have occurred by chromosomal abnormalities. Further genetic studies will be neededto confirm the correlation between high energy X-rays and the cause of malformations.


Fourth Generation (4G) mobile communication is a major buzz word these days as it claims to be providing high speed internet, higher connectivity and has increased the number of mobile subscription more than twice compared to its older generations especially in third world countries like Pakistan. Along with higher data rates and lower latency 4G often known as Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-Advanced) has opened numerous business cases. This research focuses on hospital waste supervision that is mostly generated from laboratories, healthcare centers, research facilities and district hospitals. Some of these wastes are reusable while other has to dispose with proper care. Sindh is one of the most hospital wastes producing province that requires a proper mechanism of disposing and reducing of hospital waster. This research focuses on utilizing of the 4Gtechnology to dispose of the proper healthcare wastes in the rural areas of the Sindh. The research suggests an automated solution for handling waste from patient bed to disposal area. It also provides a framework of intra and inter-vehicle communication and it is evident that technology can play a vital role in supervision of waste.


The paper presents a program shell for building and editing multilingual electronic thesauri, whose general structure, as well as composition of the thesaurus entries and the set of relations between the terms, meets the international and Russian standards. Using this shell, experts (i.e. specialists in a certain subject domain) can build multilingual thesauri for arbitrary languages and subject domains without the help of programmers and knowledge engineers. The shell is ontology-based, which provides not only the possibility of extending the set of relations between the terms and the integrity and consistency of the terminology system of the created thesaurus but also a convenient access to its content.


The new type of welded-layered pressure vessel used the layer-plate of SA-724M Grade B, technological tests have done with the plate and welding materials for it,and learned the characterization and performance of them,base metal classification report and filler metal classification report have been put forward. Based on the features of the equipment,particular type of welding procedure qualification has been carried out,from which the qualification report has been made and successful guided the manufacture of the vessel.


The possibility of reducing the torsional torques of turbine-generator shafts during disturbances by interrupting the generator excitation and switching in a field discharge resistor during the fault duration is discussed. The results of these investigations show that the use of such field discharge resistors reduces the turbine-generator torsional torques after the fault clearance. These results have been obtained through extensive parametric studies and are supported by simulation results. >


The article presents data on species composition, infection rates of helminths Marsh Frog of Southern Urals (Orenburg region and the Republic of Bashkortostan) in a diverse human impact. The taxonomic composition of worms for the study area includes 16 species: 13 species of trematodes and 3 species of nematodes. Showed a reduction in performance in terms of extensiveness of invasion largest anthropogenic impact in 3 species of trematodes (at a statistically significant level).


In this paper, we consider the Cauchy problem {align*} \{{array}{ll}i |x|f\in L^2(\mathbb{R}^N)\}$. Using the strategy in \cite{Cazenave2, Cazenave3} and taking some elementary techniques which differ from the pseudoconformal conservation law, we obtain some scattering properties, which partly solve the open problems of Terence Tao, Monica Visan and Xiaoyi Zhang[The nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation with combined power-type nonlinearities, Communications in Partial Differential Equations, 32(2007), 1281--1343]. As a byproduct, we establish the scattering theory in $\Sigma$ for {align*} \{{array}{ll}&i u_t+\Delta u=\lambda|u|^pu, \quad t\in\mathbb{R}, \quad x\in\mathbb{R}^N &u(0,x)=\phi(x), \quad x\in\mathbb{R}^N {array}. \={align*} with $\lambda>0$ and $\frac{2}{N}<p<\alpha_0$ with $\alpha_0=\frac{2-N+\sqrt{N^2+12N+4}}{2N}$, which is also an open problem in this direction.


With the expanding of AIDS in China, the prevention and control work for AIDS has become the social attention focus.The public security organ has connection with the AIDS prevention and control work under the requirement of the law and its own function. However only the force of public security organ and health department is not enough at all, the social force should be united so as to formulate a linkage mechanism to ensure realization of AIDS management.Currently there exist some problems in the AIDS management of public security organ, an effective managing method still needs to be explored in order to establish a management mechanism.


W. Ge, M. E. Davis, H. C. Hines and K. M. Irvinbovine growth hormone receptor geneRapid communication: Single nucleotide polymorphisms detected in exon 10 of theJ ANIM SCI€2000, 78:2229-2230.http://jas.fass.org/content/78/8/2229.citationthe World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated information and services, is located on


Review question/objective
The quantitative objective of this review is to determine the best available evidence on the relationship between parents' responsiveness to children's prelinguistic and early communication and their subsequent communication development.
More specifically, the questions are:
1. What are the attributes of parental responsiveness? That is: To delimit the attributes of parents' verbal and behavioural responsiveness and directiveness that influences children's preverbal and early communicative development.
2. Do some attributes of parent responsiveness have more consequence to children's early communication development than others?
3. Is the amount or frequency of parent responsiveness important? That is: Do varying levels of parent responsiveness impact differently on children's communication development?
4. Are there parental factors (e.g. education level) within the well population that predict or influence responsiveness quality and quantity? If so, what are they?
The textual objective is to identify the current social context within Australia, regarding the topic of parental responsiveness and children's communication development. More specifically, the questions are:
1. Does current government policy on child development reflect the research evidence identified in the quantitative component of this systematic review?
2. What is society's current awareness and standing (perception) on this topic, as identified through policy, expert and public opinion?
3. Are there preventative universal or selective health promotion measures in place relating to the review question?
4. If the answer to question 3 is 'yes', then what are they?

Inclusion criteria
Types of participants
The quantitative component of this review will consider studies that include parents as the primary independent variable and children as the secondary, dependent variable. The textual component of this review will consider discourse and opinion reported or published by government agencies, experts, the public and media, about the systematic review question, that is of direct relevance or interest to Australia.

Types of intervention(s)
The quantitative component of the review will consider any studies that evaluate parent verbal and behavioural responsiveness and directiveness to their children's preverbal and or early linguistic communication. Studies may investigate parent responsiveness and or directiveness in the context of a home or clinical/education environment. TRUNCATED AT 350 WORDS


preponderance of duodenal ulcers over gastric has held good for many years-in fact, ever since we realized that the dyspepsia associated with haematemesis in young women is seldom due to chronic gastric ulcer. I do not think this accounts for Mr. Souttar's figures showing more gastric thani duodenal ulcers, because he gives a male incidence in the former as high as 70 per cent. There is, however, a possibility of confusing duodenal and gastric ulcers situated near the pylorus; indeed, some Continiental surgeons go so far as to say it is impossible to differentiate these with the organs in situ. We have become accustoimcd to rely upon the white line of the pylorus and the pyloric vein as landmarks of sufficient accuracy to enable us to say that an ulcer to the right of these is duodenal and to the left gastric. If the London Hospital statistics are not dependent upon some such clearly defined anatomical differentiation between what is gastric and hliat duodenal, I can see a good reason for the discrepaincy between their recorded results anid ours. It is difficult to believe there is really so marked a difference between the localization of ulcers in the north and souith of England.-I am, etc.,


This article presents the tryout of increasing computer and internet security by means of complementing the authentication procedure with the gaze tracking. The eyes of the person who is being identified follow the point on the computer screen and eye movement tracking system is used to collect information about eye movements during the experiment. We based on the Yarbus experiment who showed that the viewers' eye movements differ according to the viewer's task.


This paper contains a study of a special type of lattice which arises by considering the supports of functions in a positive cone of functions. It is shown that many known combinatorial structures provide examples of such a lattice. The basic problem addressed in the paper is that of determining the structure of this lattice. Introduction. This work contains a study of a partially ordered set induced by a positive cone of functions. For this, let n be a positive integer and e = {x1, X2, ... , xn} a set of n distinct points. Consider [C, R] the set of all real valued functions with domain C. Of course, [C, R] is a vector space under the usual operations of addition and scalar multiplication. Let V be a subspace of [C, R] with 5 = {f E VIf(x) > 0 for all x E C). Any nonzero f in 5 is called an assignment. These assignments can be used to induce patterns on C by considering their supports, If I = {xlf(x) =# 0). The set 61 (5 ) of all such patterns together with 0 is then a partially ordered set under the inclusion relation. As will be shown in the text, well-known matrix patterns that arise in this setting are those of irreducibility and full indecomposability. Relative to graph theory, we will show that strongly connected digraphs also arise in this manner. Several other patterns, perhaps not as well known as these, will also be given. The partially ordered set 61 (5 ) is thus of some importance in each of these areas. It is our intent to give a study of these patterns. In particular, we will show that 6D (5) is a special type of lattice which we call an ideal complemented lattice. Further, some of the basic structure of this lattice will be given. 1. The ideal complemented lattice 61 (S). The purpose of this section is to show that the partially ordered set of patterns 61 (5 ) is in fact a special type of lattice. This will be accomplished by noting that since If + hI = If I U I h for allf, h E 5 it follows that 61) ( ) is a join semilattice and j. * -> 6j (5) Received by the editors March 18, 1975. AMS (MOS) subject classifications (1970). Primary 05B20; Secondary 05B30, 06A25.


In this paper we present an adaptation of a congestion driven placement technique to a Mesh based FPGA architecture containing a local interconnect connections. This techniques aims at spreading out congestion by considering white spaces and avoiding signals bounding boxes overlap. As shown in the experimentation section this technique reduces required routing channel width efficiently and consequently the device total area by 10% in average. In terms of circuit performance, we notice that congestion alleviation allows timing-driven router to reduce critical path delays despite wirelength increasing. This is due essentially to timing closure improvement.


Coplanar waveguide (CPW)/aperture coupled microstrip patch antennas constructed with ground coplanar waveguide (GCPW), finite coplanar waveguide (FCPW) and channelised coplanar waveguide (CCPW) are demonstrated. The measured characteristics show that the CCPW/aperture coupled microstrip patch antenna has the largest bandwidth, whereas the GCPW/aperture coupled microstrip patch antenna has the best front-to-back ratio.


The article introduces the carbon absorption-iodine amounts method in determining the amount of gold indirectly,according to the ore character of Qiucun Gold Mine.The method is simple,rapid,accurate,economical,intoxic and with out pollution.


The paper analyzes chapter IX 49 of Aelian's De natura animalium, devoted to the largest sea animals. It is accompanied by a Polish translation and appropriate comments. Aelian provides numerous Ancient Greek names for large sharks and sea mammals, including the "sea lion," hammer-headed shark, "sea leopard", whales, sawfish, malthe, "sea ram", "sea hyena" and "sea dogs". The names are explained from the point of view of semantic motivation; some new identifications of sea monsters are suggested as well.


This work deals with the design of a standalone streetlight provided with a solar panel and a multiple vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) along the structure. A prototype was built and is currently being tested in the Monte Dago campus of the Università Politecnica delle Marche. The ongoing focus of the project is to improve the overall efficiency and the manufacturing details for the industrialization. A battery bank allows delaying the energy delivering from the energy production, while a central process unit on board collects the data from every component in the equipment. This unit allows to monitor the day-by-day efficiency of the energy-lighting system, and to send the information wirelessly with the purpose of integrating into a smart grid-like management platform. The test site includes a meteorological mast, which can measure the weather conditions, such as wind speed and solar radiation. The wind turbines included in the streetlight have been studied from an aerodynamic point of view through an extensive experimental analysis in the wind tunnel. Moreover, the structural design of the wind rotors was carried out together with the security system including a mechanical brake, which prevents the damage of the components during high wind speed conditions. The control of the hybrid energy unit, designed to track the optimal performance, has been analyzed throughout the local wind conditions. Also, it is discussed the effectiveness of this streetlight concept in various climate situations.


The growing impact of environmental disruption on ongoing global conditions and even becomes a special concern in the dominant issues of various countries; is making the need for a review of various fields such as the legal, social, and even religious fields. While, on the other hand, the community has also started to take notice of that matter by establishing an environmental movement such as the Bangka Environment Creative Activist of "Kawa" (BECAK) Community, which is a local community that cares about the environment and is formed by youth religious groups in Bangka Regency. The youths argued that to increase the value of goodness, it must not only be vertical but also horizontal, one of which is by preserving the environment so that it remains balanced and beneficial for human survival. From that, this study looked at how the environmental movement can continue sustainably and what steps they should take to mobilize groups that remain consistent in saving the environment. Until this study becomes appropriate when studied with the theory of resource mobilization from social movements to see the BECAK community.


Many organizations approach incident analysis with one goal in mind, when in fact, there should be two. One goal is to determine the immediate causes and root causes including management system failures, which allowed the incident to occur so effective countermeasures can be taken to reduce future injury risk. Many organizations do not realize there's a second goal. The second goal is to encourage full and open participation of all employees involved in, witness to, or with pertinent information for any incident on site. To accomplish this, organizations need to create a nonadversarial atmosphere around reporting and analyzing incidents. They need to create an atmosphere free of blame and discipline. There are many characteristics that impact our ability to meet these two goals. One characteristic is the degree of employee involvement during analysis and follow-up.


This is the first controlled study to address the potential effectiveness of daily EPA/DHA for common acne in young adults. The study reports — through both objective scores, and subjective assessment — decreased acne severity in young adults. The results are supported by histological analyses that signal a reduction in pilosebaceous unit inflammation. Future studies with improved masking of study subjects will be required to confirm the results.


Air–sea and mixed layer dynamics in the Bay of Bengal (BoB) respond strongly to Intraseasonal Oscillations (ISOs) that primarily operate on three observed time scales: the 30–90 day Madden‐Julian Oscillation, the 10–20 day quasi‐biweekly oscillation, and the synoptic‐scale 3–7 day oscillation of the monsoon trough. In this research, we focus on local and basin‐wide signals, zonal and meridional propagation, and variability of ISOs with respect to the strength of the summer monsoon season over a multi‐decadal period (1993–2016). For the first time, this study examines the relationship between larger‐ and shorter‐period ISOs in SLA and shows the usefulness of altimetry data in Indian monsoon studies. We compare ISOs in SLA during years with summer monsoons of varying strengths, finding notably stronger circulation and larger amplitude of all ISOs in years with stronger summer monsoons theorized in part to be due to the first‐baroclinic mode forcing from low‐level winds (R2 values of 0.61, 0.67, and 0.64 in the northern, central, and southern Bay, respectively), although it is important to note the influence of other local forcings, such as mesoscale eddies and coastal Kelvin waves. We demonstrate that 30–90 day variability of SLA is initially forced by equatorial processes and strengthened by local processes in the BoB, as higher‐amplitude SLA ISOs were consistently observed in the southern and eastern Bay. Local processes like coastal Kelvin waves were found to strongly influence the 10–20 day quasi‐biweekly signal, as was seen in the high‐amplitude 10–20 day SLA ISOs found in the eastern BoB. The synoptic signal also revealed a zonal pattern consistent with coastal Kelvin wave intensification and eddy generation.


PURPOSE: To minimize emission of NOx in waste gases leaving the furnace, at the time of melting flat glass in a cross-fired regenerative glass furnace. CONSTITUTION: This cross-fired regenerative glass furnace 10 is provided with sealed regenerators 13 and 14 which act as heat exchangers. This method for reducing emission of NOx in waste gases from the furnace 10 comprises supplying fuel in excess of that required for stoichiometric combustion to ensure that glass of the required quality is obtained at the required production rate, and that the waste gases leaving the furnace 10 through the regenerators 13 and 14 contain combustible material, and reacting the combustible material with sufficient air to ensure that the waste gases exiting to atmosphere contain permissible levels of combustible material and permissible levels of NOx. Alternatively, the furnace 10 may be operated at substantially stoichiometric conditions and fuel is supplied to the waste gases, as they leave the melting chamber 12 of the furnace 10. COPYRIGHT: (C)1994,JPO


Carp interstitial nephritis and gill necrosis virus (CNGV) is the cause of a lethal disease that afflicts koi and carps. Four genes of this virus are similar to those of Cyprinid herpesvirus 1 (CyHV-1) and Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) and so it was suggested that it be named CyHV-3. The virus induces gill necrosis and interstitial nephritis as early as 4-6 days post infection. The virus propagates well in the intestine and kidney and infected fish droppings contain high amounts of infectious virus. Thus, fish faeces is an appropriate source for non-invasive diagnosis by virus isolation in cell culture, PCR and ELISA tests. Strategies for controlling viral infection in fish are of limited use. Preventing introduction of CNGV into aquaculture facilities is desirable, but is not fail-safe. Live attenuated virus was developed in Israel and found to be an efficient and economic prophylactic vaccine. Morphologically CNGV


There is a shortage of petrophysical studies in microbialite facies and more importantly, the absence of these studies has created confusion over how industry and researchers should approach sampling these kinds of reservoirs. This work sought to define petrophysical properties in a Lagoa Salgada (Holocene) and Codo formation (Aptian) stromatolite by way of investigating petrophysical properties from each growth structure. Primary computations presented in this paper include porosity and permeability on sub samples imaged at multiple scales with a micro computed tomography (CT) scanner to attain the adequate Representative Elemental Volume (REV). Computations of porosity and permeability were performed at the pore scale and upscaled to the growth structures and finally to the whole stromatolite. Calculation of porosity and permeability trends revealed that sub sampling growth structures is not the most efficient way to investigate petrophysical properties, but a refined approach would precisely target different segmented CT phases. It also revealed how important REV and location are when extracting MICP samples in highly heterogeneous reservoirs.


Feminist theory, broadly construed, lacks a comprehensive theory of misogyny. While there has been a great deal of feminist work dedicated to analysing the social, cultural, political, and institutional effects of misogyny, the ancillary theories of misogyny these analyses produce are only ever partial, fragmented, vague or conceptually inconsistent. This article engages and critiques these theories by focusing on three separate but related issues within existing feminist scholarship on misogyny: the conflation of misogyny with sexism, the elision of misogyny's affective elements and the supplanting of misogyny with gendered violence. Through my identification and critique of these issues, I argue that misogyny should be understood as a profoundly complicated and emotional social dynamic. Moreover, I argue that to attempt to cleanse misogyny of its affective/emotional complexity or conflate misogyny with sexism and/or violence is to rob theorists of possible loci of apprehension and intervention. My hope is that this article will stimulate feminist theorists to work collectively towards a more comprehensive feminist understanding of misogyny – one that grapples with the interpersonal and affective complexities of how misogyny emerges, circulates and self-perpetuates.


Unpredictable events are typical for construction projects, and therefore the use of knowledge and skills applicable to project control is essential for improved consequent larger chance of achieving planned scope. The thesis presents theoretical background of construction project time and cost management, and the basics of Earned Value Method (EVM). A method is used for integrating project scope, schedule and cost (resources), and for objectively measuring project performance and progress. Performance is measured by determining the budgeted cost of work performed (i.e., earned value) and comparing it to the actual cost of work performed (i.e., actual cost). Progress is measured by comparing the earned value to the budgeted cost of work scheduled (i.e., planned value). The second part of the thesis presents the application of the theoretical background to a case study. It can be concluded that several advantages are introduced in the control system when using EVM; it enables comprehensive project follow-up and provides more realistic view on a state of a project than any other schedule or cost information itself. However, it is also important to determine the cause of a variance in schedule and cost varience determination and to decide, if corrective action is required.


OBJECTIVE
To determine whether human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells can be infected by retrovirus and modified by retrovirus-mediated gene transfer.

METHODS
Recombination retroviral vector pLNCX-GFP (green fluorescent protein, GFP) was generated by inserting 780 bp GFP cDNA fragment into the MCS site of pLNCX. pLNCX-GFP was transfected into ecotropic packaging cell line PhiX-Eco and amphotropic packaging cell line PhiX-Ampho and PA317. Retroviral titer was tested by counting GFP expression of NIH3T3 cells. Then RPE cells were infected by using GFP retrovirus-containing supernatant.

RESULTS
GFP was expressed and retrovirus was produced upon pLNCX-GFP being transfected into packaging cell line. The GFP retrovirus was able to infect primary cultured human RPE cells and immortalized RPE cell line.

CONCLUSION
The retrovirus can introduce a foreign gene into RPE cells efficiently, thereby it can be used as an important tool to deliver gene into RPE for therapy of fundus diseases.


A user equipment (100), characterized by comprising: a module (118) processing to generate a message dedicated control channel uplink in a wireless network 3GPP LTE, where the message dedicated control channel uplink it comprises a parameter (810) preference indication power in order to assist a selection of a configuration of power saving; wherein the module (118) processing is configured to selectively set the parameter (810) preference indication power between a normal configuration and power consumption setting low power consumption; a radio frequency transceiver for transmitting the control channel message dedicated uplink to an eNodeB (114) and to receive, in response, the power saving setting.


Poland is one of the leading world silver manufactures, holding the ninth place in the world and the first place in Europe. In 2001 about 1200 tons of silver was manufactures in Poland, mainly as a by-product of copper metallurgy, zinc metallurgy and from secondary materials. The technologies for silver production as a by-product in copper concentrates treatment in KGHM "POLSKA MIEDŹ" SA and in zinc-lead concentrates treatment in HC "MIASTECZKO ŚLĄSKIE" SA are presented. Acta Metallurgica Slovaca, 9, 2003, 2 (76 89) 77 The developed technologies for recovery of silver from secondary materials such as: used silver catalysts, electronic scrap, rejected transistors, silver plated glass scrap, spent solution from light sensitive materials treatment are discussed. The activity of "INNOVATOR" Ltd., a company of the Institute of Non-Ferrous Metals in Gliwice is described. Innovation Plant INNOVATOR Co. Ltd is a spin-off company of the Institute. The plant specialises in recovery of silver and other precious metals from waste materials and in processing these metals into various highest quality products. INNOVATOR strives to reach a high position on the domestic market in the trade of precious metals and products manufactured from those metals. The plant produces high quality precious metals, such as: silver and gold powder and granulate, platinum, palladium and rhodium sponge. The recovered precious metals are sold directly as commercial products or are used at the Company as a material for further processing into such products as: jewellery alloys, jewellery, jewellery semi-products -tubes, rods, wires, strips; gold and platinum metals compounds used in electroplating and for manufacture of catalysts; products made by powder metallurgy methods; wires and strips from non ferrous metals electrolytically silver plated.


According to the Invention, ON MADE THE FOLLOWING STEPS: A.on IMPREGNATED CATALYST BY A MIXTURE OF HYDROCARBONS; B.ON HOT IN THE OVEN 3 IMPREGNATED CATALYST UNDER INERT GAS TO A TEMPERATURE BETWEEN TH 300C AND 380C AND IS MEASURED BY A DETECTOR 4 OIL AN Q GENERATED SIGNAL REPRESENTATIVE OF OIL DURING STEP B C.ON CONTINUES UNDER iNERT GAS HEATING AND PROGRAMMING TEMPERATURE TO A TEMPERATURE BETWEEN TH 500C and 1000C AND IS MEASURED BY SENSOR 4 SIGNAL GENERATED P REPRESENTATIVE OF OIL DURING STAGE C D.ON THEN MADE ON A BURNING rESIDUE IN ANOTHER FOUR 6 AND DETERMINED ON SIGNAL BURNING R USING A DETECTOR 11 APPROPRIATE, AND E .ON CONCLUDES THE SIGNALS Q, P and R ACTIVITIES AND CONVERSION CATALYST cOKING. APPLICATION IN PARTICULAR FOR oIL REFINING WASTE.


A method for detecting battery lifetime information in a portable terminal is provided to enable a user to judge the battery replacement time easily by checking and accumulatively recording battery charging time whenever the battery is charged, obtaining the frequency of battery charging on the basis of the accumulated battery charging time, calculating the remaining lifetime of the battery using the obtained value, and providing remaining lifetime information to the user according to his request. If a detection signal indicating that a charging adapter is connected to a portable terminal is received from a charging adapter detection part(S210), a CPU checks the received time of the detection signal and stores it in a memory as charging start time(S215). Then the CPU judges whether battery charging is completed(S220). If battery charging is completed, the CPU checks the charging-completed time in the memory(S225). Based on the charging start time and the charging-completed time, the CPU calculates battery charging time(S230). The CPU adds the calculated time to the previous accumulated battery charging time(S235). The CPU calculates the frequency of battery charging, based on the accumulated battery charging time(S250). Using the frequency of battery charging, the CPU calculates the remaining lifetime of the battery and stores the calculated remaining lifetime information in the memory(S255,S260). If the user requests battery lifetime information(S265), the CPU reads the remaining lifetime information of the battery from the memory and displays it.


Up to now the research and development in the field of building acoustics is based mainly on measurements. In consequence the development and optimization of a new building component is a very tedious and expensive task. A considerable reduction of these costs could be achieved, if the optimization relying on measurements would be replaced – at least to some extent – by a computational prediction model. For these models it is necessary to represent not only the component and the adjacent rooms but also the excitation in a suitable way. This paper gives an overview of models for the excitation generated by a standard tapping machine taking into account the interaction between the impacting steel cylinders of the tapping machine and the vibrating surface of the floor.


This paper presents a synthesis of analytical calculations of magnetic parameters (field, force, torque, stiffness) in cylindrical magnets and coils. By using the equivalence between the amperian current model and the coulombian model of a magnet, we show that a thin coil or a cylindrical magnet axially magnetized have the same mathematical model. Consequently, we present first the analytical expressions of the magnetic field produced by either a thin coil or a ring permanent magnet whose polarization is axial, thus completing similar calculations already published in the scientific literature. Then, this paper deals with the analytical calculation of the force and the stiffness between thin coils or ring permanent magnets axially magnetized. Such configurations can also be modeled with the same mathematical approach. Finally, this paper presents an analytical model of the mutual inductance between two thin coils in air. Throughout this paper, we emphasize why the equivalence between the coulombian and the amperian current models is useful for studying thin coils or ring permanent magnets. All our analytical expressions are based on elliptic integrals but do not require further numerical treatments. These expressions can be implemented in Mathematica or Matlab and are available online. All our models have been compared to previous analytical and semianalytical models. In addition, these models have been compared to the finite-element method. The computational cost of our analytical model is very low, and we find a very good agreement between our analytical model and the other approaches presented in this paper.


1 1.0 Introduction -; 3 2.0 Literature Review 5 2.1 Residual Stresses in Weldments 5 2.2 HAZ 7 2.2.1 Transformations During Heating 8 184.108.40.206 Precipitate Dissolution During a Weld 9 Thermal Cycle 18.104.22.168 Grain Growth During a Weld Thermal Cycle ...... 10 2.2.2 Transformations During Cooling 12 126.96.36.199 Welding Microstructures 14 188.8.131.52 Effect of Welding Parameters .15 2.3 Stress-ReliefCracking in Cr-Mo Steels General Mechanism ..........16 2.3.1 Primary Transformation Product in the CGHAZ 22


The General Secretary Hu Jintao put forward a socialist honors and disgraces viewpoint of "Eight Honors and Eight Disgraces".This idea has important actual guiding meaning and far-reaching historical significance for leading the broad masses of the people,special youth to build up a socialist honors and disgraces viewpoint.The students group in colleges and universities are an important part of youth in China.The colleges and universities,families and society should closely cooperate,grasp their ideological and ethical education,improve their consciousness of building up a socialist honors and disgraces viewpoint, lead them to use their knowledge to serve our country,serve people,contribute their youth to serving our socialist modern cause.


The Edwardian era is generally regarded as witnessing the culmination of what has come to be known as 'the first wave of feminism'. This presented challenges for those Christian denominations, such as Congregationalism, which sought to project a 'progressive' image. To prosper, Congregational churches in Hampshire depended upon skilful and industrious women, who often constituted two thirds of the membership. Yet despite the acknowledged contributions of women to church life, including Sunday school teaching, fund raising, pastoral care and social work, as well as moves within society towards enhancing their status, in the main they were excluded from positions of leadership.


An investigation pertaining to identification and expert control design of a class of automotive systems is carried out. For illustration purposes, a diesel engine is considered here as the test bed for the study. Diesel engines are known for their high versatility and are very useful in a wide range of industrial applications. Despite several of their attractive features, these systems suffer from highly nonlinear and time varying dynamics making them hard to control. The current study provides means for comparing several types of control strategies, some of which are adaptive based and others are knowledge based. Here, the main goal is obtaining the best possible performance in terms of speed regulation, robustness to load disturbances, and fuel efficiency. This is very helpful in gaining insights for designing a hierarchical based controller under which the system can switch smoothly from one controller to another, according to operating condition changes.


Message delivery mechanism based on distributed hash table (DHT) can cause performance improvement over conventional P2P (peer-to-peer) system by increased delivery efficiency. However, the DHT, which is based on hash function, shows a few but important shortcomings: discovery of any resource without the same key value is not possible, and also repetitive discovery steps are required to discover resources with similar names. Therefore, in this research, we propose a simple but effective method which allows us to overcome those limitations of DHT method and to achieve performance enhancement. A virtual resource is not an actual resource, but a resource that acts like a wrapper to the original resources; it represents many similar resources and makes them discovered by a single discovery query. By using a virtual resource, users can obtain a significant improvement not only on performance but also on usability. Also experiment results show that using virtual resources can bring around 30% decrease in overall bandwidth usage and around 70% decrease in discovery time depending on given environment.


The utility model provides a semi-magnetic sheet type asynchronously-started rotor of a permanent-magnet synchronous motor and relates to the rotor applied for the permanent-magnet synchronous motor. Only one permanent magnet is used as a magnetic pole of a pair of magnetic poles, and a salient pole of a rotor core is used as the other magnetic pole; like the dipolar rotor, a permanent magnet with the same polarity used as a magnetic pole is arranged in a quadrapole rotor and a six-pole rotor; a plurality of outer-ring mouse cage grooves and inner-ring mouse cage grooves are respectively arranged in the salient pole of the rotor core and a magnetic pole groove under the permanent magnet; outer-ring mouse cage conducting bars and inner-ring mouse cage conducting bars are respectively arranged in the outer-ring mouse cage grooves and the inner-ring mouse cage grooves; and asynchronous torque is generated by the outer-ring mouse cage conducting bars and the inner-ring mouse cage conducting bars when the permanent-magnet synchronous motor starts. The semi-magnetic sheet type asynchronously-started rotor has a simple structure, with few permanent magnets being used, and is suitable for small and middle-typed permanent-magnet synchronous motors. Via an asynchronous start, cost of control devices of the motor is reduced and via a synchronous start, operating efficiency of the motor is improved.


This paper introduced a design of high speed and isolation data acquisition system based on CPLD,including data collection,treatment,transmission and storage modules.This system used the CPLD as the key control unit and adopted the high-speed A/D convertor,precise operational amplifier,high-speed digital isolators,high-speed and high capacity SRAM and LVDS bus transmission.This system can measure wide voltage from-600 V to + 600 V,and designedmany protective circuits.This paper expounded on the hardware circuit design,and functional tests.These test results show that the system has high-speed collection,high-precision conversion,strong anti-interference ability,which make the whole system stable and reliable.


A National Research and Development Program of high bypass ratio turbofan engines has been in process in Japan since 1971. Target performance characteristics of the first-phase 5-ton thrust class engines have been attained, and development of the second-phase engines has been started in 1976. This paper reviews the status of the program, discusses some engineering progress attained, and presents an outline of the second-phase program and engines.Copyright © 1977 by ASME


Learning Objectives: Male external condom urinary catheters are often used in place of, or, to facilitate the removal of invasive internal urinary catheters. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common occurrence in the intensive care unit (ICU) and necessitates a work up to determine its cause. We describe a case of nonoliguric AKI caused by external compression from an condom urinary catheter. Methods: A 64-year-old man was admitted to the ICU after a motor vehicle collision with a traumatic subdural hematoma and subarachnoid hemorrhage. His 4-week hospitalization was complicated by pneumonia leading to chronic respiratory failure requiring tracheostomy tube placement for prolonged ventilation. His indwelling urinary catheter was transitioned to an external condom urinary catheter. The following day the serum creatinine rose from a baseline 0.6 mg/dL to 1.8 mg/dL, despite producing adequate urinary output of 1 ml/kg/hr. The suspected etiology of AKI was dehydration due to excessive diuresis, however the serum creatinine continued to elevate despite fluid resuscitation, peaking at 2.3 mg/dL. This prompted further work up including a renal ultrasound which demonstrated mild right-sided hydronephrosis and a CT scan which revealed moderate bilateral hydronephrosis, a distended urinary bladder, and an obstructed urethra from the condom catheter. The condom catheter was converted back to an indwelling urinary catheter, with subsequent resolution of the AKI and normalization of creatinine. Results: There are a few cases in the literature describing condom catheters causing penile strangulation and necrosis. There is only one other case in the outpatient setting of tetraplegic patient who developed urinary retention associated with an external condom catheter. To our knowledge, this is the first case that describes external compression causing obstruction and AKI in the intensive care setting. Providers should consider obstruction from a male external condom catheter as an etiology of AKI.


The rotating ring disk method (RRDE) is applied to investigate the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on Cu(111), Ag(111) and Au(111) single crystal surfaces in alkaline and acidic media. Independently of the pH of solution, we found that at low overpotentials the order of activity increases from Cu(111) to Ag(111) to Au(111). At high overpotentials, however, Cu(111) and Ag(111) are much more active than Au(111). An interpretation of the variation in activity is presented based on the premise that the rate of the ORR is controlled by two factors: a chemical-dependent part, Δ Gθ* = Δ G0* + γ Δ GΘ0Θad, and the pre-exponential part which is determined by the adsorption of spectator species (Θad) and the availablitiy of bare metal sites, i.e., the (1-Θad) term.


The present article introduces the current version of an analytical model, which proposes a transformational conception for musical variation. According to this perspective, an archetypical variation is considered as a generic function capable to transform a referential musical idea into another one to which is related by some degree of similarity. The study addresses a number of co-related concepts, classifications, and assumptions whose interaction aims at consolidating this new theoretical formulation. The last section presents a typology for Schoenberg's principle of developing variation under the transformational point of view.


Design Thinking is a method in creative problem solving that puts the needs of the market and consumers at the center of research. The advantages of this method are its applicability in all industries, focus on finding the best solution, ie the solution that is most acceptable at that time, constant testing of solutions and the search for possible improvements. Design thinking can be a tool for innovation management, but also a tool for creative problem solving. This method is successfully combined with modern methods for managing the process of innovation or process improvement and is often a precursor to other methods such as agile methodologies or Lean. With design thinking method, using convergent and divergent approaches, the approach of two diamonds, we get a closed process in which iterative processes are constantly changing in order to improve the process, service, product or solve a particular problem.


This paper has provided an innovative aspect in the heat transfer of fuel-cell related studies. A heat/mass coupled modeling approach is presented to predict the transport phenomena inside the porous electrode of a fuel cell. The energy equations based on the local thermal non-equilibrium (LTNE) is derived to resolve the temperature difference between the solid and fluid phases inside the porous electrode. The surface heat transfer is coupled with the species transports via a macroscopic electrochemical model on the reaction boundary. A general criterion for the local thermal non-equilibrium in porous electrodes is first proposed in terms of non-dimensional parameters of engineering importance. Then, the significance of local thermal non-equilibrium in a typical porous electrode is assessed. Furthermore, detailed distributions of the local temperature, local Nusselt number, species concentration, and electric current density inside the porous electrode of fuel cells are presented. Finally, the effect of LTNE parameters on the thermal-fluid behaviors in the porous electrode is investigated.Copyright © 2005 by ASME


This paper considers a bi-level real-time algorithmic framework for networked systems, consisting of several local controllers and a central controller. The central controller issues setpoints to the local controllers to optimize their operational objectives while satisfying system-wide constraints. In this context, the paper develops an online algorithm for tracking the optimal solution of the underlying dynamic optimization problem. The design of the algorithm is based on a projected-gradient method, suitably modified to accommodate appropriate measurements (i.e., feedback). Optimality claims are established in terms of the dynamic regret of the algorithm; the latter is a natural performance criterion in nonstationary environments associated with real-time control problems. Finally, the application of the algorithm to real-time control of power setpoints in an electrical grid is illustrated.


Total and annihilation cross sections for p-barp and p-bard have been measured over the momentum range 355--1066 MeV/c at closely spaced momenta and with good energy resolution. No evidence is seen for the narrow structure reported by other experiments in the vicinity of 500 MeV/c. The present measurements indicate a broader enhancement in this region, which, if interpreted as a resonance, would have a height of approx. 3 mb and a width of approx. 20 MeV. This structure appears only in the p-barp data.


Soil column culture was used to investigate the effect of nitrogen rate on root nitrogen absorption, assimilation, grain yield, and protein content in different fertility soils The results showed that the upper roots senesced earlier than that deeper roots, which played an important role in nitrogen absorption during later development stage Increased nitrogen rate and high soil fertility promoted root growth and root activity, increased the activity of key enzymes in nitrogen assimilation As a result, high nitrogen rate and soil fertility delayed root senescence and increased grain yield and protein contentKey words: winter wheat; root; nitrogen assimilation; grain yield; protein content


When a child has special needs due to conditions in the home or for other reasons, the child welfare services must initiate appropriate assistance measures for the child and the family.


Abstract: Five major gangliosides (GM1, GD1a, GDlb, GTlb, and GQlb) were extracted and isolated by normal‐phase HPLC from the forebrain of Sprague‐Dawley rats of ages ranging from 3 days to 24 months. Each ganglioside was fractionated by reverse‐phase HPLC into the molecular species carrying a single long‐chain base moiety. At all ages, the C18:1 and C20:l long‐chain base species predominated, whereas the C18:0 and C20:0 ones represented 1–3% of the total. The C18:l long‐chain base species, predominant at 3 days (91–96%), diminished with age and reached, at 2 years, 73%, 65%, 61%, 59%, and 45% of the total for GDla, GM1, GTlb, GDlb, and GQlb, respectively. The content of the C20:1 long‐chain base species, low at birth (4–9%), increased with age in all gangliosides and reached, at 2 years, 27–55% of the total. The developmental behavior of the ganglioside species containing the C18:1 long‐chain base was characterized by the following: (a) a biphasic profile with a maximum around 15 days for GD1a, the most abundant ganglioside at all ages; (b) an increase until 6 months for GM1; (c) a sharp decrease until 30 days, followed by leveling for GTlb; and (d) a low, constant level for GDlb and GQlb. All the ganglioside species containing the C20:1 long‐chain base showed a constant increase during development, the increase being more marked in the first 30 days. The molecular species of all gangliosides carrying the C18:1 long‐chain base were virtually devoid of 20:0 fatty acids and carried a higher content of 18:0 fatty acids than the corresponding C20:l long‐chain base species (average 80 versus 57%). Moreover, in the C18:1 long‐chain base species, the 18:0 fatty acid content diminished with age from 89 to 72%, with a concurrent increase of 16:0 and 18:1 fatty acids, whereas the C20:l long‐chain base species had an age‐constant fatty acid composition.


As part of a large project aimed at characterizing the ultraviolet (UV) properties of globular clusters, we present here a theoretical and observational analysis aimed at setting the framework for the determination of horizontal branch (HB) temperature distributions. Indeed this is crucial information needed to understand the physical parameters shaping the HB morphology in globular clusters and to interpret the UV emission from unresolved stellar systems. We found that the use of zero age HB color–Teff relations is a robust way to derive effective temperatures of individual HB stars. We investigated the most suitable colors for temperature estimates and the effect on the color–Teff relations of variations of the initial chemical composition and the evolution off the zero age HB. As a test case, we applied our color–Teff calibrations to the Galactic globular cluster M15. The photometry of M15 has been obtained with the Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 on board the Hubble Space Telescope. The HB of M15 turned out to have a multimodal distribution, with a main component peaking at K and confined below K. The second component peaks at K and extends up to K. The vast majority (  ∼  95%) of the HB stars in M15 is below 20,000 K, in agreement with the lack of a well populated extreme HB observed in other metal-poor globular clusters. We also verified that the temperatures derived with our analysis are consistent with spectroscopic estimates available in the literature.


Abstract The pre-Cambrian rocks of the Southern portion of Southampton Island are composed of acid gneisses of very variable character containing a few, commonly zoned, xenoliths. The petrography of both is described; eight new analyses are given, and the probable origin of several of these xenoliths is suggested.


AbstractHaving endured a wave of anti-Semitic violence which lasted from 1943 until late 1947, Argentina's Jewish community confronted a greater challenge in Juan Peron's politics. This article finds that Peron did not, however, attempt to control the community: the Organizacion Israelita Argentina (OIA), a Jewish Peronist organization, functioned primarily to demonstrate public harmony between Peron and the Jews. While the evidence does indicate overwhelming Jewish mistrust of Peron, community leaders, as embodied by the Delegacion de Asociaciones Israelitas Argentinas (DAIA), achieved a positive relationship with the president. Although the DALA may have thereby protected the community, its failure to represent majority Jewish opinion underscored a weakness in the organization's structure.


(|f | 2)x, and K(x, t) = ^((1 + t)f(x) (1 *)/(-*)). The map K is an odd map. It is continuous and compact if / is. We have N(K) n S x (? 1, 1) = 0, since l|?(*,OII V. Analyzing Su's definition (for brevity these straightforward calculations are omitted) one obtains:


The characteristics of the ion and electron precipitation in the cusp region are examined using the particle measurements on board DMSP F7 spacecraft in January, July and December 1984. It is shown that the ion differential spectrum changes in its regular manner while crossing the auroral oval. The following structural zones in the dayside oval can be separated using the ion data: cusp region, where the ion flux is maximal at all energies with a wide peak at Ei=0.1-5keV; poleward edge of the cusp where the ion spectrum regularly softens poleward displaying a steady peak at Ei<0.1keV; equatorward edge of the cusp, where the spectrum softens preserving maximal number flux at Ei=0.1-2keV, this region corresponds to transition boundary in electron precipitation. The cusp-like ion precipitation is common in the region centered on the noon meridian at geomagnetic latitudes Φ=74-82°with a longitudinal extension±2MLT hours.Using the ion data for the identification of the cusp boundaries the influence of magnetic activity and the IMF Bz component on the location of the cusp are studied. It is shown that effects of the northward Bz are not seen for periods with low magnetic activity (AE<250nT). On the contrary influence of magnetic activity on the location of both the poleward and equatorward boundaries of the cusp is evident especially for winter season. The cusp boundaries are displaced by 1.5-2° poleward in summer season relative to their position in winter season.


The invention discloses a kit for specifically detecting peptidoglycan.The kit comprises prophenoloxidase, a chromogenic solution and peptidoglycan standards; in order to avoid influences of other interference factors such as glucan, the kit further comprises an alkali metal hydroxide treating agent or a biological buffer treating agent and a neutralization solution treating agent composed of alkali metal hydroxides and biological buffers; in order to store reaction results for a long time, the kit further comprises an acidic stopping solution.The kit can specifically detect the peptidoglycan in sterile body fluid of a human body, and interference of the interference factors such as the glucan is avoided; the sensitivity and specificity are both high, the coincidence rate of an identification result with blood culture strains is high, and clinical test demands can be met; detection can be conducted through an ordinary microplate reader in a laboratory, and the detection cost is reduced; after system reacting is stopped, the test results can be stored for a long time, repeated measurement can be conducted on the test results by means of the microplate reader again and again; operation is easy, long-time experience accumulation is not needed, and popularization is easy.


In addition, the book provides three main contributions. First, the treatment of the image of the Tupamaros in the United States, one of its most interesting elements. The book shows how the aims of the MLN-T were disseminated and conceptualized throughout the United States, by the US radical left. This is in line with very recent works on Tupamaro influence in radical European organizations, and thus opens up a very interesting area for comparative research on both dissemination and adaptation of ideologies and action repertoires. To what extent did this happen in the BPP? This examination could have been completed with an analysis of possible direct connections between organizations, which were not addressed here, in particular the repercussions of conceptualizations forged in the actions of each group, especially among US radicals. The second main contribution is the chapter on solidarity and human rights struggles during the Uruguayan dictatorship. The examination of selected solidarity practices and the construction of an associated image in (not necessarily radical) sectors of the US left is the most valuable contribution in this regard.


A female patient with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) in chronic phase after busulfan and interferon treatment had four different cell lines in her bone marrow. In addition to cells with a normal karyotype there were cells with the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1), cells with trisomy 8 and a Ph1, and cells with trisomy 8 as the sole anomaly.


An Advanced Land Imager (ALI) will be flown on the first Earth Observing mission (EO-1) under NASA's New Millennium Program (NMP). The ALI contains a number of key NMP technologies. These include a 15 degree wide field-of-view, push-broom instrument architecture with a 12.5 cm aperture diameter, compact multispectral detector arrays, non-cryogenic HgCdTe for the short wave infrared bands, silicon carbide optics, and a multi-level solar calibration technique. The focal plane contains multispectral and panchromatic (MS/Pan) detector arrays with a total of 10 spectral bands spanning the 0.4 to 2.5 micrometer wavelength region. Seven of these correspond to the heritage Landsat bands. The instantaneous fields of view of the detectors are 14.2 (mu) rad for the Pan band and 42.6 (mu) rad for the MS bands. The partially populated focal plane provides a 3 degree cross-track coverage corresponding to 37 km on the ground. The focal plane temperature is maintained at 220 K by means of a passive radiator. The instrument environmental and performance testing has been completed. Preliminary data analysis indicates excellent performance. This paper presents an overview of the instrument design, the calibration strategy, and results of the pre-flight performance measurements. It also discusses the potential impact of ALI technologies to future Landsat-like instruments.


Before Arrival in PET/CT Department • Allow the patient to take prescribed medications with small sips of water. • Instruct the patient not to take any food or water by mouth for at least 4 h before receiving the 18F-fluciclovine injection. • Instruct the patient to avoid significant strenuous exercise for 24 h before receiving the 18F-fluciclovine injection. • Instruct the patient to avoid voiding the urinary bladder for at least 1 h before receiving the 18F-fluciclovine injection and undergoing imaging.


OBJECTIVE To investigate the care approach to prevent iatrogenic infection caused by indwelling catheter.METHODS A total of 80 patients with indwelling catheter in our hospital for treatment from Jan 2008 to Jan 2009 were selected as research objects.And they were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group.The control group used conventional catheterization care,and the patients in the observation group applied PDCA cycle management model based on catheterization care management in the control group.Pathogens were examined at the catheterization mouth and urine-picking interface at different periods in the two groups of patients,and bacterial counting rate were calculated and compared.The key reasons and preventive measures for iatrogenic infection were summarized.RESULTS The comparative study found that after applying four cycles of the PDCA cycle management model,the average bacterial rate at the urethra and interface were 21.9%,6.9% in the observation group,and 51.45%,22.92% in the control group.There was significant difference(P0.05).CONCLUSION It has a positive effect to improve the operations and catheterization standard for prevention of indwelling catheter-induced iatrogenic infection.


A fully-integrated 77 GHz frequency doubling two-path phased-array frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) transceiver for automotive radar applications is proposed. By utilizing the frequency doubling scheme, the chirp bandwidth is improved, and the complexity of the frequency synthesizer and the insertion loss of the local-oscillating (LO) distribution network are both reduced. Top-injected coupled resonator based wide locking range technique is proposed in the frequency doublers to minimize the required injection power to cover the chirp bandwidth plus enough PVT variation margin, and therefore reduce the power consumption of the LO distribution network. Current-reused coupled resonator technique is utilized to implement the LO phase shifting in each receiving path. The digitally controlled artificial dielectric-based transmission lines are inserted in the low noise amplifiers to provide the operation frequency calibration capability. The receiving two-path signals are converted into intermediate frequency by low flicker noise current-mode passive mixers and then combined in the trans-impedance amplifier, followed by the reconfigurable analog baseband processing. Fabricated in 65 nm CMOS, the FMCW transceiver has achieved 1.93 GHz maximum chirp bandwidth, 12.9 ~ 13.2 dBm maximum transmitting power, and 47.8 ~ 100.7 dB programmable receiving conversion gain. The transceiver consumes 343 mW power and 4.64 mm2 chip area including all of the pads.


In this report of our research on a computer-based three-dimensional (3-D) modeling course for learning astronomy, we use the central tenets of activity theory to analyze participation by undergraduate students and instructors, illuminating the instances of activity that characterized course dynamics. Specifically, we focus on the relations of participant (student) and object (3-D models and astronomy understandings) and how, in our course, object transformations leading to scientific understandings are mediated by tools (both technological and human), the overall classroom microculture (emergent norms), division of labor (group dynamics and student-instructor roles), and rules (informal, formal, and technical). Through analysis of the data, we interpreted and then focused on two systemic tensions as illuminative of classroom activity. With respect to the first systemic tension, we examined the interplay between learning astronomy and building 3-D models. Results suggested that instead of detracting from the emergence of an activity system that supported learning astronomy, model-building actions frequently coevolved with (were the same as) astronomy-learning actions. With respect to the second tension, we examined the interplay between prespecified, teacher-directed instruction versus emergent, student-directed learning. Our results indicated that it was rarely teacher-imposed nor student-initiated constraints that directed learning; rather, rules, norms, and divisions of labor arose from the requirements of building and sharing 3-D models.


The survey paper shows the application of Optical Coherence Tomography images for detection of retinopathy. Image analysis methods enormously help in distinguishing different eye ailments. Currently, determination of retinal diseases depends mostly upon optical imaging techniques. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a routine diagnostic imaging method used worldwide in the evaluation of retinal diseases using the cross-sectional view of the retinal layers. The primary challenge in automatic identification and analysis of retinal disease cases is the presence of speckle noise and variation across edge boundaries. Due to the complexity of retinal structures, the tediousness of manual segmentation and variation from different specialists, many methods have been proposed to aid with this analysis. Therefore, efforts are being made to improve clinical decision making based on automated analysis of OCT data which will result in improving the accuracy, precision, and computational speed of segmentation methods, as well as reducing the amount of manual interaction.