There has been an ¡ncreased awareness that our primary concern is teaching people rather than teaching subject matter. We recognize that each individual is unique. So we find the first essential part of teaching English, that is, the student. Secondly there is something to teach, namely English language. We know about the complexity of language. Teaching English as a second language ¡s not an easy task. There are basic principies common to all good language teaching. To establish these it helps to use ideas from sociology and psychology. But we cannot forget the fie Id of pedagogy. The followdrawing makes clearer these ideas: |STUDENTS| S 1 "s. Sociology Helps us to establish the place and role of language as a man if estation N of human behaviour.


Objective To determine surface antigen of multiple myeloma(MM)cells by gating method of CD38/SSC,explore a better method to determine MM,provide a correct evidence that can imprtve earlier diagnosis,therapy and prognosis.Methods Thirty seven cases of confirmed MM,and 20 reactive plasmacytosis(RP) patients as control group were enrolled in the study.To determine surface antigens of multiple myeloma cells with FCM.Results With CD38/SSC gating method,all the samples in their scatterplot can be seen a cluster of CD38 positive cells,the proportion ranged from 0.5% to 80%.Most phenotype of MM was CD38+CD19-CD56+(89.2%),the expression level of CD56 correlated closely with the malignant degree of disease.The expression of CD40 and CD138 in myeloma cells was obviously higher than that in plasma cells.Different phenotype combining with the expression of CD45 and CD49e could distinguish the cells' degree of maturity.Conclusion Using FCM to immunophenotype MM with CD38/SSC gating method and basing on the heterogeneity of cell surface antigens,we can discriminate myeloma cells from nomal plasma cells,provide evidence for targeted therapy and prognosis.


OSAG78 is a senescence-associated gene cloned from Oncidium flower and was predicted as a lipid acyl-hydrolase protein. The full-length cDNA of OSAG78 was isolated and its ectopic expression of OSAG78, driven by 35S promoter in Arabidopsis, was analyzed. Compared with wild-type plants, the transgenic plants display smaller body size, stiffer inflorescence stem, thicker leaves, shorter siliques and more round-shaped flowers. Moreover, the 35S::OSAG78 transgenic lines display different flowering time. The mechanism of over-expressing OSAG78 in Arabidopsis is further studied in this research. According to RT-PCR assays, OSAG78 was regulated either during flowing time or after ethylene treatment in Oncidium. We found that OSAG78 showed the different expression pattern comparing to patatin-like proteins in Arabidopsis. Based on the leaf trichome distribution and phenotype of 35S::OSAG78 transgenic lines, the effects of OSAG78 in Arabidopsis were associated with an increase in the length of developmental phases of plant. It was assumed that the growth retardation may caused by GA deficiency or blocking in GA responses. The contents of bioactive GA4 and GA7, quantified by GC-MS, as well as the levels of AtGA20ox1 and AtGA2ox1 transcripts, quantified by real-time PCR, were lower than those in the wild-type plants. These results suggest that OSAG78 accumulation affects GA metabolism through the repression of biosynthetic steps catalyzed by GA 20-oxidase. The content of chlorophyll and the expression of AtSAG in the detached leaves of transgenic and wild-type plants were investigated. In the leaves with or without ethylene, the expression of AtSAG was lower in transgenic lines than in wild-type plant. However, effects in transgenic plant were not observed after ABA treatment, and the application of GA and BAP decreases the expression of AtSAG12 in both transgenic and wild-type plants. Therefore, there should be another pathway to display effects of 35S::OSAG78 transgenic lines. By analysis of protein crude extracts, phospholipase A activity was higher in transgenic lines than in wild-type plants. Furthermore, a recombinant GST:OSAG78 fusion protein that overexpressed in Escherichia coli was accumulated in the insoluable protein pellet displaying lipase and phospholipase A activity. This result agrees with the previous prediction that OSAG78 protein is hydrophobic. To confirm the membrane association of OSAG78, a OSAG78:GFP fusion polypeptide was transiently expressed in onion (Allium cepa) epidermal cells, indicating that OSAG78 is localized at the cytoplasmic membrane. These results point out that over-expression of membrane-associated patatin protein OSAG78 that had phospholipase A activity affected GA biosynthesis in plant.


INTRODUCTION Crowding[1] at accident and emergency (A&E) departments occurs whenever the demand for emergency medicine services exceeds the available resources. It can compromise the quality of care to patients, which may, in turn, have an adverse impact on their health outcomes.[2‐5] It has also been reported that A&E crowding is detrimental to morale,[6] productivity[3,7] and training[8] of A&E staff. Over the years, this mounting problem has affected the healthcare systems of many countries, including developed countries such as Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States.[9‐12] Given the prevalence of A&E crowding across the world, studies that aim to understand the causes of A&E crowding or identify measures that can potentially alleviate the problem[13‐18] have attracted extensive interest from the research community.


The objective of this work was to analyse the differentiation of selected cultivars within five pasture grass species with regard to leaf tensile strength (LTS). The investigations were carried out in 20112012 on plant material obtained from two cultivar testing experiments, in which Dactylis glomerata (10 cultivars), Festuca arundinacea (10 cvs), Festuca pratensis (15 cvs), Lolium perenne (16 2× and 15 4× cvs) and Phleum pratense (10 cvs) were analysed. LTS was estimated on fully developed leaf blades using a prototype testing stand for measuring tensile strength of biological material, designed on the basis of a subassemblies of the Höttinger Baldwin Messtechnik (HBM) Company. The fresh matter and dry matter weight, width and specific leaf area of leaf blades were also determined. The LTS of investigated species ranged from 4.06 N (L. perenne 2×) to 12.46 N (D. glomerata). The differentiation of cultivars within species was also high and statistically significant. Performance of precise tensile strength measurements of leaf blades could be a helpful plant breeding tool for the development of improved pasture grass cultivars and selection of appropriate components in seed mixtures, particularly in high output dairy farming systems.


The geometrical and structural isomerizations of cyclopropane and the decomposition of cyclobutane are considered from the standpoint of the RRKM theory. The fall-off curves depend critically on the high-pressure Arrhenius parameters; the use of the latest values leads to good agreement with experiment in most cases. Whether or not a biradical mechanism is assumed, there is little effect on the calculated fall-off curves. The treatments are applied to isotope effects as functions of pressure and temperature. The activation energy difference ED–EH varies with pressure in a complicated way, a conclusion that throws light on apparent discrepancies between the results of different workers.


The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and clinical significance of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β in the amniotic fluid of patients presenting with cervical dilation in the midtrimester of pregnancy. Am...


The data regarding the effect of age on the dynamics of lipid metabolism in the human body exposed to intermittent general air cryogenic training (GACT) in mode of 2 treatments in a day with an interval of 6 hours have been presented. Relatively healthy volunteers stratified by age and sex have been studied before cryogenic effects and for 6 weeks after its completion. Statistical analysis has been performed using nonparametric criterion of Mann-Whitney Wilcoxon (U). As a result of GACT the optimization of the ratio of different classes of lipoproteins has occurred, most pronounced among those aged 31-40 years, which may be used to prevent diseases, which are based on dyslipoproteinemia.


Dr. Dews writes:
 Dr. Milman, in her first paragraph on the dangers of marijuana, shows the dangers of jargon. "Acute toxicity" in the trade implies killing, usually within 24 hours. Large amounts of tetrahydrocannabinols are required to kill mice and other laboratory animals, hence "the acute toxicity is vanishingly small," a statement which says more in English than it should. My apologies.
 Dr. Milman in her penultimate paragraph quotes King and Cowen for the statement that following intravenous injection of marijuana, "the histopathology is real."


This paper describes a method for automatic dimensioning of cylindrical parts represented by features. The identification of the entities in the part that need to be dimensioned is performed based on the part's features, which contain information about the part's geometry and the assembly relations between parts. The dimensioning analysis is based on the concept of functional dimensioning, which presupposes that the position of the part in the assembly is known, and then the dimensions to be controlled are determined, and they are assigned automatically to the part by the system. The dimensions are determined with the aid of an expert system.


Of five anti-Salmonella porcine cultures administered to pigs at 10 cfu/day, two Lactobacillus murinus strains demonstrated superior survival during gastrointestinal transit. Both were detected at ~10-10 cfu/g faeces which was higher (P<0.05) than Pediococcus pentosaceus DPC6006 (~10 cfu/g). One Lb. murinus strain was also excreted at higher numbers (P<0.05) than either Lb. salivarius DPC6005 or Lb. pentosus DPC6004 (both ~10 cfu/g). The Lb. murinus strains persisted in both the faeces and the caecum for at least 9 days post-administration. Animals fed a combination of all five strains at 10 cfu/day excreted ~10 cfu/g of the administered strains, which was higher (P<0.05) than only P. pentosaceus DPC6006. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) PCR analysis revealed that both Lb. murinus strains predominated in the faeces of these animals during administration, while post-administration, both Lb. murinus strains and Lb. pentosus DPC6004 were recovered from the faeces and the caecum while P. pentosaceus DPC6006 was only detected in the caecum. After 21 days of culture administration, faecal Enterobacteriaceae counts were reduced in pigs fed Lb. salivarius DPC6005, P. pentosaceus DPC6006, Lb. pentosus DPC6004 and the culture mix, though not significantly. Overall, the porcine intestinal isolates offer potential as probiotics for enteropathogen reduction in pigs; possibly as a combination due to strain variation.


In this paper the erosion occurred inside the bend by gas-particles flow is studied. The simulation offlow transport through the bend is conducted using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and influence of erosion in this section is evaluated by experimental relations. It is shown that erosion occurred in regions where the momentum of particle can be transferred to surface of the bend. This momentum transfer can be occurred when the velocity of the gas flow converted to pressure by impinging or changes in direction of flow streams. Besides, the local erosion and its magnitude are also simulated and influence of erosion on bend evaluated.


Spherical shells are widely used in building structures as roofs. In this paper, based on wind tunnel tests, wind pressure distribution on spherical shells was measured simultaneously in wind tunnel with a rigid model under different terrain types. Some characteristics of the measured wind pressure field on the surface of the shell model were analyzed, including distributions of the mean and fluctuating wind pressure coefficients, auto- and cross-power spectral density (PSD) distributions of the fluctuating wind pressure, characteristics of the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) results of the measured wind pressure field, effects of Reynolds number on wind pressure distribution, etc. The results showed that the effect of Reynolds number on the wind pressure distribution of these curved models is evident, and the contributions of the first several eigenvectors obtained by POD to the overall wind pressure distribution become much bigger. The investigation can offer some basic understanding for estimating or reconstructing the equivalent or dynamic wind load distribution on spherical shells in wind-resistant design.


Dear Sir: We read with great interest the articles entitled "Clearance of hepatitis B e antigen in patients with chronic hepatitis B and genotypes A, B, C, D, and F" by Livingston et al1 and "Predictive factors for reactivation of hepatitis B following hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion in chronic hepatitis B" by Chu et al2 in the November 2007 issue of GASTROENTEROLOGY. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a global health challenge, and several hepatitis B viral factors such as viral load and genotype have been increasingly recognized to affect clinical outcome of chronic HBV infection including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).1,3,4 Currently, 8 HBV genotypes (A–H) are identified, and each genotype has its specific geographic and ethnic distribution.4 Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion is an important event in the natural course of perinatally acquired chronic HBV infection; the earlier the seroconversion of HBeAg, the better the clinical outcome of HBV carriers. Previous longitudinal studies have shown that genotype B patients have an earlier and more frequent HBeAg seroconversion than genotype C patients,4,5 indicating that genotype C patients may have more severe liver disease than genotype B patients. However, owing to the unique distribution of HBV genotypes in Asian and Western countries, the clinical significance of HBV genotype could only be reliably compared between genotype B and C or genotype A and D.4 In their timely study, Livingston et al1 analyzed the clearance of HBeAg in a prospective cohort of 1158 Alaska native persons for an average of 20.5 years, stratified by age and 5 HBV genotypes (A–D and F). The results consistently showed that genotype may have a strong effect on outcome of HBV infection, and seroconversion from HBeAg in genotype C occurs decades later than in other genotypes.1 Moreover, the report by Chu et al2 also suggested that genotype C is an independent factor predictive of reactivation of hepatitis B after HBeAg seroconversion. Therefore, both studies provide accumulating evidence to support the concept that genotype C may harbor a higher risk of HCC development than other genotypes over time. Nevertheless, in another study on the same cohort, Livingston et al6 found a preponderance of genotype F in HCC patients and genotype C was not related to a higher likelihood of HCC development than other genotypes. In addition, the median age of HCC patients with genotype F was much lower than that of those with other genotypes (22.5 vs. 60 years, respectively). A similar paradox has been observed in Taiwan and China where genotype B was predominant in younger HCC patients, being 90% in those aged 35 years, and most were noncirrhotic.3,7 Considering the high homogeneity in ethnicity and environment of these study populations, it is reasonable to speculate that certain genotype B or F strains may be associated with the development of HCC in young Taiwanese or Alaska native HBV carriers. However, further studies are needed to solve this contradictory issue. Regarding the study by Chu et al, the lack of the serum HBV viral load, which is the main driving force to cause progressive liver disease, does not enable us to build an exemplary mechanism.8 Because genotype C patients usually have a longer duration of immune clearance phase with higher viremia and more vigorous immune response,4 2 possible models are thus proposed to explain the role of genotype C in HBV reactivation after HBeAg seroconversion. First, it is known that HBV patients with sustained HBeAg seroconversion and alanine aminotransferase normalization have serum HBV DNA level 2000 IU/mL.9 However, a significant proportion of genotype C carriers might still have a higher viral load after HBeAg seroconversion than genotype B carriers, which in turn promotes HBV reactivation. Second, the quasispecies of HBV composition driven by host immunity might become more complex in genotype C carriers because they have a prolonged course of immune clearance.10 The complicated quasispecies may select out precore or core promoter mutations in the HBV genome, which is associated with the emergence of HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B or HBV reactivation. Further thorough virologic analyses are awaited to verify these speculations. In summary, current lines of evidence indicate that several hepatitis B viral factors such as serum HBV DNA level and genotype could affect the clinical outcome of chronic hepatitis B. However, several puzzles need to be unwound through the investigations on viral characteristics of each genotype, such as replication efficiency, precore and core promoter polymorphisms, and, most important, the interactions between host and virus.


Negative Pressure Wound Therapy is currently frequently used for dealing with either non-healing or open wounds following open abdominal surgical procedures. However, complications can arise including in particular infection, delayed and or slow wound healing, problems with device malfunction and in extreme cases failure to obtain complete healing of the abdominal wall. Due to the lack of accurate reporting of the rates of these particular complications, the true incidence remains unknown but could potentially be as high as 20% based on limited data from the last decade. The potential negative impact of NPWT on the bacterial bio burden in the abdominal wall is such that additional measures may be required to specifically address this, but evidence is lacking as to the best approach and in which patient sub groups. These particular complications can also pose additional challenges for surgeons, along with other members of the healthcare team, over and above the direct impact on patients. Even now it is difficult to obtain accurate data on the cost utility of NPWT for the optimal management of secondary healing of the abdominal wall following abdominal surgery, with context being important. Hence calls continue to be made for further Randomized Trials to be undertaken, involving larger numbers of patients, with defined entry criteria, defined clinical end points and comprehensive reporting of all complications sustained during NPWT. Deborah J Verran* Department of Transplantation Services, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Australia


Introduction: Whilst conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is universally used as the method of choice for examining the boundaries of the intervertebral disc clinically it gives little information about the internal structure of the disc. This is largely due to the fact that the normal resolution of such devices (typically 1mm in plane and 3mm out of plane) is just too large to resolve structures and pathologies of interest. Aim: This work aims to describe the appearance of normal and pathological discs when imaged using a high resolution system. It then tests the hypothesis that a degeneration grading scale based upon such observations corresponds well with the graded appearance of the sectioned disc. Method: 13 lumbar discs from 7 non-chondrodystrophoid dogs (age 2–10 yr, mean 5.7 yr) were employed in this study. They were imaged using a small bore 0.5T research imaging system using a T2* weighted pulse sequence (TR=500ms, TE=17ms), a 60mm field of view, 1 mm slice thickness, in plane resolution was 230 μm. A grading scale based on the standard visual scale was developed for grading these images. Results: The outer and middle annulus had a strongly banded appearance with adjacent lamellae having high and low intensities (in spite of there similar chemical composition). The inner annulus (and frequently all the posterior annulus) had a uniform high intensity appearance as did the nucleus. Frequently, there has a well defined dark boundary between the annulus and nucleus. Increasing degeneration lead to disorder of the annulus structure and non-uniformity in the nucleus. Statistical comparison of the visual and MRI grading scales were extremely good (α=0.90–0.95) except for the posterior annulus (α=0.26). Conclusion: Many features of the MRI appearance of discs at high resolution, such as the banded structure of the annulus, were not expected and must be due to some subtle physical processes. Care must therefore be taken with the interpretation of such images, in particular to assessment of hydration. Grading of high resolution images corresponded well to the 'gold standard' of visual appearance on sectioning. However, this scale is totally different to that used to grade discs using conventional clinical MRI.


Unilateral agenesis of kidney is a defect in the development associated with anomalies of genitourinary system such as unilateral or bilateral absence of vas deferens and seminal vesicle. Here we present a case of unilateral agenesis with genital anomalies.


The field of entrepreneurship is gaining acceptability among the youth of India. While the initiation, funding and success and failure of a start-up have been studied extensively, the entrepreneurial ecosystem that support, nurture and prepare entrepreneurs requires further examination. One such component of this ecosystem is the institutes of higher education that play a crucial role in preparing the future entrepreneurs of India. Though there seems to be a need for education programmes specifically designed to expand students' skills in entrepreneurship, there is limited research on the entrepreneurial intention (EI) of students in India. In this article, we discuss the impact of implicit and explicit ways through which the entrepreneurship education in the institutes of higher education can influence EI among students in India. On the basis of the extant literature, the focus of this article is anchored in the four different aspects of EI among students: (a) Ability to have a grand vision (GVS); (b) Intentions to exploit opportunities (OEX); (c) Perseverance and operational focus (POF) and (d) Willingness to take risk (RST). In general, it is observed that the presence of EI is greater among students pursuing major in studies on entrepreneurship, whereas business students are mostly trained towards exploring the risk-taking component of EI.


This research aims to determine the constraints or difficulties faced by a
notary to appoint a subtitute notary and to determine the responsibility of a notary
regarding the authentic deed that issued by the subtitute notary.
This thesis is conducted by the way of juridical empiric. The data used in
this research is secondary data that obtained from library materials through the
study of documents supported by primary data, such as data obtained directly
from the field by using a data collection tool in form of structured or unstructured
interview. The data�s collected were analyzed qualitatively and made in the form
of descriptive research reports.
The result of this research, indicating that the responsibility of a notary
regarding the deed that issued by his/her subtitute notary in the area of the city of
Banjarmasin is morality. A notary is morality responsible for all the authentic
documents issued by the subtitute notary. But for criminal responsibility, which
negligence may be committed by a subtitute notary, may result in self
responsibility of the related subtitute notary, because the notary who subtituted
will not be willing to share responsibility for a negligence which resulted in a
criminal act. Obtacles or difficulties in appointing a subtitute notary is the lack of
resources and employees who are prepared to become an assistant and / or later
can be appointed at any time during the notary is filed on leave.


Organic molecules are gaining special attention over the last years in the corrosion area thanks to their general low achievable cytotoxicity, structural versatility, and environmentally friendly obtainment methods. Under those approaches, synthetic organic motifs have attracted the interest of researchers due to their variated methods of obtention through molecular manipulation via diverse chemical reactions, allowing the production of adequately planned structures or repurposing their original application in the case of drugs. This review summarizes general aspects that are desired in organic molecules as corrosion inhibitors, presenting selected works published in the 2022–2023 period and emphasizing the importance of finding novel and different organic corrosion inhibitors. Patents were not considered in this review. Scifinder, Google Scholar, and Web of Science were employed as databases. Mathematical and analytical methods involved in the search for corrosion inhibitors are out of this review's scope.


Objectives: To assess if hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated titanium pedicle screws exhibit the same electroconductive characteristics as non–HA-coated screws. Methods: Resistance measurements were obtained from a random sampling of 10 HA-coated pedicle screws and 10 non–HA-coated screws, and surgical conditions simulated. Surface resistivity measurements were taken for each screw to determine voltage drop over its entire length. Results: The non–HA-coated screws tested showed low resistive properties and proved to be an ideal conductor of electrical current. The resistive properties associated with the HA-coated pedicle screws were found to be similar to those of commonly used insulators removing the effectiveness of triggered electromyographic responses. Conclusions: Based on test results, these data suggest that the resistance value of the HA-coated screw is large enough to prevent modern Intra-Operative Monitoring (IOM) equipment from delivering the necessary current through the shank of the screw to create a diagnostic electromyographic response. Any response that would be produced would be because of shunting of electric current from the non-coated head of the screw into adjacent tissue and not through the shank of the screw. These study results suggest that HA-coated screws cannot be stimulated to assist in determining the accuracy of pedicle screw placement.


Incorporating with Shandong, Dezhou 660MW boiler steam drum temperature measuring seat processing practice, it sets forth the mechanical processing technic and detection method for small bore deep blind hole.


This paper contains the analysis of queuing system in hospital management is the mathematical approach to the analysis of waiting lines in any setting where arrival. The goal of this paper explains the problem in their urgency of medical cases with respect to allocation problem of the patients and utilization the waiting line. We assume first service times first come first served queue discipline


Objective To investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics of senile gastric carcinoma. Methods 112 patients who were older than 70 years were involved in this study. Data of clinic,endoscope and pathology were analyzed. Results The rate of senile cases among the total gastric carcinoma patients was 12.3% and the incidence was dominant in male. Amorexia and thinness were the most common symptoms. The diagnosis rate of biopsy during gastroscope examination was 92.4%,which was higer than that of other examinations. Cardiac,gastric fundus and corpora ventriculi were mainly suffered. About 46.4% cases showed high or middle differentiation in pathologic typing. But the rate of radical resection was low. Conclusion The prognosis of senile gastric carcinoma is relatively well. Gastroscope and biopsy are recommended to carry out in early stage. Radical excision should be undertaken as soon as possible.


The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of industry classification and companys size toward the risk of business from Indonesian listed manufacturing company in Indonesia stock exchange. This study is classified as a causative research. The study sample is determined bythe method of purposive sampling and research period throughout the year 2007 -2009 in order to obtain 64 companiessamples. The type of data in this study is secondary data which is obtained from www.idx.co.id. The multiple regression analysis method is used to conduct this study. The study hypothesis can be test by using t test statistic with �± level of 5%. The results of this study are concluded (1) company industry classification that produce a long lasting


With the continuous development of corporation's Informationization,the issues of enterprise data storage and information security become more and more prominent,and The information security of enterprise-class database has become a hot new research directions.In this paper,enterprise class data information of data tampering and counterfeiting,such as database security problems,and improve the AES encryption algorithm,used to improve enterprise-class database security database encryption strategy.And for actual database systems to improve the algorithm of the experiment,encrypted results are perfectly success.


In this paper, we investigate the integration of the Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) technology into the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-based wireless system. In particular, we study the joint NOMA power allocation, user pairing, and UAV deployment (placement) for this wireless system. To gain insight into the optimal structure of this problem, we derive the optimal power allocation and UAV placement to maximize the sum-rate of the two-user (one NOMA pair) network. We then address the general setting with multiple NOMA pairs where users must be paired into two-user groups using NOMA. For this setting, we optimize the user pairing, power allocation, and UAV placement to maximize the minimum sum rate for individual user pairs. Solving this optimization problem optimally requires exhaustive search over all possible pairing scenarios, which has very high complexity. To overcome this challenge, we propose a heuristic pairing algorithm based on the minimum sum-of-squared-distance criteria whose pairing result is then applied to perform optimal power allocation and UAV placement. Through numerical studies, we show the significance of UAV placement optimization and the fact that the proposed heuristic user pairing scheme achieves close-to-optimal performance.


The electrical characteristics of calcium phosphate materials have been studied at various frequencies in the temperature interval from room temperature to 1200 °C. It has been shown that the electrical characteristics (relative permittivity, capacitance, and electric resistance) change with the annealing temperature. Temperature changes in these characteristics are associated with the presence of impurities in the studied samples, as well as the nonstoichiometry of the phase composition of the initial samples. The phase composition and structure of the studied samples were studied by X-ray diffraction, Mass-spectrometry, and IR-spectroscopy. It has been shown that the studied calcium-phosphate samples have dielectric properties. The temperature intervals for the stability of the electrical characteristics of these materials have been established.


Detiza Goldianto Octensi Hernowo , Yoshito Yamazaki , Takuji Ogawa, Hirofumi Tanaka Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology Graduate School of Science, Osaka University *E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Noise fluctuations in signal processing provides significant advantages in the development of brain-inspired electronic device. Low-dimensional carbon nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes, are good candidate for neural membrane devices owing to large electrical noise. Conjugated molecular wires containing single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) and porphyrin (por)-polyoxometalate (POM) complex, SV2W10O40[H4t-BuTPP] and SV2W10O40[H4TPP], which exhibit reversible multi-electron redox properties has been demonstrated to provide tunable current fluctuation of pulse generation in order to accomplish complex computational task of brain computing. Firstly, we fabricated a random network of SWNT complex by using SV2W10O40[H4t-BuTPP] and SV2W10O40[H4TPP], respectively. In both complexes, one POM molecule is interacted by two non-equivalent tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) molecules to compare with symmetric por-POM. Time dependence of current pass through the network showed that pulse generated under certain conditions as follows. The network of SV2W10O40[H4t-BuTPP] and SWNT complex can generate positive pulse at 50 V (Figure 1 (a)) and 75 V (Figure 1 (b)). On the other hand, the network of SV2W10O40[H4TPP] and SWNT complex can generate negative pulse at 15 V (Figure 2 (a)) and positive pulse at 100 V (Figure 2 (b)) indicating POM works by carrying charges and release the electron at 15 V, while this molecule induced hole to the network system at 100 V. Since general POM (PMo12O48) only show positive pulse at 150 V, H4t-BuTPP case show similar behavior to POM at 50 V and H4TPP at 100 V which might be caused by electric property of applied voltage.


Electronic learning tools contribute to the qualitative improvement in future dentists' training. The discipline "Propaedeutics of dental diseases" is the primary link in training a professional dental practitioner. The article presents the experience of teaching the discipline "Propaedeutics of dental diseases" with the use of electronic and information training technologies. It gives a qualitative assessment to modern teaching methods in the context of digitalization in higher education. The authors' experience in assessing second-year dental students' knowledge and skills in the lessons is described. The conclusion is made about advisability of using electronic tools in teaching, assessing students' knowledge, analyzing academic performance on the example of the "Online Test Pad". The main advantages of the test designer "Online Test Pad" in the work of a teacher are instant processing of the testing results and objective assessment of the student's knowledge.


Review(s) of: Screening torture: Media representations of State Torture and political domination, by Flynn, Michael and Salek, Fabiola F. (eds), Columbia University Press, New York, 2012, ISBN 9 7803 1153 591, 315 pp., US$29.95, Distributor Footprint.


Parameters have great impact on the performance of an optimization algorithm. This paper concerns parameter tuning for metaheuristics which are stochastic optimization algorithms. A novel, fast, and very simple population-based metaheuristic namely Human Habitation Behavior-Based optimization (HHBO) is proposed in order to tune parameters of the metaheuristics used for the weight and bias optimization problem in feed-forward neural networks. The proposed algorithm is compared with other state-of-art algorithms, and results and analysis are presented. The results show the merits of HHBO for parameter tuning in comparison of other state-of-art algorithms.


conceptualization of Mediterranean 'otherness', exposing the limits of its representation (p. 101). The author emphasizes more on the recent European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) as it offers new opportunities for both the partners. Efforts within the ENP context should encourage the wider benefits of the democratization process to the Southern neighbours. This will in turn influence decision makers in the EU to adopt mutually motivating action plans concerning each southern country that is included in the ENP. It would further help develop networks between EU and southern neighbours and support new co-operation projects, particularly those which impact the local populations. Therefore, rather than adopting a one-sizefits-all list of reform priorities, the action plans should take into account the specificities of each southern neighbour (p. 158). Michelle Pace concludes that the ENP needs to be accompanied by political conditionalities for each Southern neighbour, respectively. Therefore, the two books in discussion question a conventional conception of the Mediterranean and try to analyze it by rethinking the region in an open and relational context. Through their approach, they explore the EU perceptions in the Mediterranean as well as EU policy in this area and discuss the failures of the partnership as well as provide their insights on the road ahead in establishing stronger, efficient and coherent relations between Europe and the Mediterranean. Overall, these books are an added value to researchers and scholars seeking a deeper understanding of Europe-Mediterranean policies and the process as well as the impact of EU policymaking.


A Recent debris flow (named BIG'95) on the Ebro slope (North-western Mediterranean) is reported in this study and examined by means of swath bathymetry, high and very high-resolution seismic records, TOBI side-scan sonar, and coring. Here we present the preliminary results of this study, including geometry, description and dating of the delbris flow, as well as a first move towards fits triggering mechanisms.


Testicular/paratesticular neoplasms morphologically resembling surface epithelial tumors of ovarian type are rare neoplasms. The criteria for the diagnosis and nomenclature of these tumors parallels those used for ovarian homologues. Pathologists and urologists need to be wary of this uncommon entity, excluding metastatic mucinous adenocarcinoma and herniation of mucinous tumors into paratestis/scrotal sac by careful clinicopathological correlation. Herein, we present the first case of borderline mucinous tumor of testis to be reported from India.


Abstract Frameworks for understanding well-being play an important role in designing and evaluating climate change adaptation intervention and policy. To be effective, frameworks must capture the complexities of the social, ecological, and cultural contexts specific to vulnerable social groups. This study explores the concept of well-being from the perspective of pastoral women in Northern Kenya, a social group highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and a novel participatory group ranking activity. Analysis using the WeD Framework for well-being highlights key components from the perspective of Samburu women and underscores the importance of understanding the interaction between these components. We discuss the theoretical implications of these interactions for future use of the WeD framework and practical implications for the design and evaluation of climate change adaptation intervention and policy.


The invention provides a method of accessing an IMS core network, a device and an ICGW gateway, and belongs to the field of mobile communication. The method of accessing the IMS core network comprises steps of receiving a service message sent by a client, carrying out analysis on the service message and constructing an IMS protocol message according to the analyzed content, and sending the IMS protocol message to the IMS core network and building a service channel between the client and the IMS core network. The technical scheme of the invention can enable the internet terminal to seamlessly access the IMS core network.


The "omnibus" secondary schools to be found in some rural parts of Northern England and Wales can suggest certain lessons to the advocates of comprehensive schools; but they could not properly be described by that name. Nor can we include under that title the kind of "multilateral" arrangement whereby two or three distinct schools catering for supposedly different "types" of children live mainly independent lives though they are sited on the same campus and meet for specified common purposes such as drama, music, and games. A comprehensive school is one which sets out to provide for all kinds of need within one genuinely complementary school life. In England it is an urban and a recent phe-


The invention discloses a device for measuring tilting and deformation of a foundation pit enclosure structure. The device comprises a reflective sheet, a right angle iron sheet and an expansion bolt, wherein the reflective sheet is fixedly arranged at the outer side of the vertical surface of the right angle iron sheet, a bolt hole is formed in the transverse surface of the right angle iron sheet, and the expansion bolt is vertically connected with the transverse surface of the right angle iron sheet through the bolt hole. The device has the advantages that the structure is simple, the convenience in installation and use is realized, the measuring accuracy is high, the easiness in damage is avoided, the restoration is easy, the normal collection of monitoring data of the tilting and deformation of the foundation pit enclosure structure is guaranteed, and the defect of disability of continuously collecting the monitoring data after a tilting measurement pipe in the prior art is blocked or damaged is avoided.


Angle-resolved photoemission experiments on clean Tb(0001) reveal the existence of a state 0.5 eV below the Fermi level which has the properties of a surface state. It exhibits no dispersion with respect to the momentum component perpendicular to the surface in the photon-energy range between 15 and 55 eV; it is located in a band gap of the projected band structure at {bar {Gamma}}; and it is very sensitive to oxygen contamination of the surface. The wave function of this surface state has {Delta}{sub 1} symmetry, as the intensity of the photoemission peak decreases when the {ital p} component of the exciting radiation is reduced. Both the very weak energy dispersion with respect to the parallel component {ital k}{sub } of the momentum and the photon-energy dependence of the photoionization cross section indicate that the surface state has 5{ital d}{sub {ital z}}{sup 2} orbital character. The existence of this surface state can be explained by the same theory of surface core-level shifts that is related to the narrowing of the surface density of {ital d} states in transition metals.


Aiming at the problem of low non-invasive intelligent identification of pigs in healthy breeding, a pig individual identification method based on the improved YOLOv4 convolutional neural network is proposed. By preprocessing the images of 30 live pigs in the collected video, a method based on the whole live pig as the feature extraction sample is proposed, instead of using the pig face as the feature extraction sample, to make a data set to obtain the effective features of the whole body. Considering the living habits of live pigs and the living environment of live pigs, the improved YOLOv4 model is proposed, which adapted certain data enhancement and attention mechanisms, and conducts multi-scale training and detection on the data set to achieve accurate detection and identification of individual live pigs; obtains the best parameters according to the training log, and carries out verification and comparison experiments for individual pig identification. The result shows that when the threshold is 0.5, the average accuracy (mAP) on the test set reaches 98.12%. The recall rate reached 95%, the F1-score was 96%, the average recognition time Mean FPS was 34.3ms, and the average crossover ratio (IoU) was 83.91%. The improved model comparison between YOLOv3 and Fast R-CNN has improved the recognition accuracy and speed of individual pigs; at the same time, compared with the traditional pig face data set, the pig body data set has significantly improved the recognition accuracy. Based on the whole live pig as a feature extraction sample combined with the improved YOLOv4 model, the live pig can be recognized quickly and effectively in various postures and complex backgrounds. As a multi-angle and multi-target recognition method, it can quickly and accurately identify individual pigs in a large-scale group healthy breeding environment as well as realization of individualized healthy breeding and efficient management for pig.


Traumatic diaphragmatic rupture is relatively rare, and even more difficult to diagnose. Physical examination often fails to identify this injury, and basic investigation like chest x-ray can miss this half of the time. Although not part of standard FAST (focused assessment with sonography for trauma) ultrasound scan in trauma, bedside ultrasound has the potential to pick up this pathology. This case illustrates that ultrasound in trauma can go beyond standard E-FAST (extended FAST) protocol.


Continuing professional development (CPD) refers to "the practices aimed at employees' development beyond that derived from their initial training" (Collin, Van der Heijden, and Lewis 2012: 155). In Finnish higher education (HE) most systematic and structured CPDs have typically focused on supporting individual teaching and learning-related competencies. In Finland, as in many countries, some areas of professionalism, such as management and leadership competencies, wider academic skills, or ethical dimensions, seem to be neglected, even as the academic professionalism and practice have changed (e.g., Daniels 2017; Nicholls 2001; Nixon 2008).


The Cryogenic Near Infrared Spectropolarimeter for the Daniel K Inouye Solar Telescope is designed to measure polarized light from 0.5 to 5 μm. It uses an almost all reflective design for high throughput and an R2 echelle grating to achieve the required resolution of up to R = 100,000. The optics cooled to cryogenic temperatures reduce the thermal background allowing for IR observations of the faint solar corona. Both the spectrograph and its context imager use H2RG detector arrays with a newly designed controller to allow synchronized exposures at frame rates up to 10 Hz. All hardware has been built and tested and the key components met their design goals. 1) The cryogenic system uses mechanical closed cycle coolers which introduce vibrations. Our design uses a two stage approach with a floating mounting disk and flexible cold links to reduce these. The vibration amplitudes on all critical stages were measured and are smaller than 1μm. 2) The grating stage of the spectrograph uses a double stack of harmonic drives and an optical encoder to provide sub-arcsecond resolution and a measured repeatability of better than 0.5 arcsec.


between skeletal and smooth is their to the to the skeletal muscle produces a series of typical trophic chalnges col-lectively referred to as atrophy and degeneration of the muscle fiber, whereas a similar autonomic denervation fails to influence the smooth muscle in this fashion to produce any structural changes.1 The investigation is the of this will present unequiv-ocal evidence that resection of the ciliary ganglion produces in the monkey a characteristic degeneration of the ocular smooth muscles, especially apparent in the iris sphincter and in those fibers of the ciliary muscle that are conventionally referred to as circular and oblique fibers. In so doing, it demonstrates for the first time a truly trophic influence of the autonomic innervation on the smooth muscle and shows that such innervation is vital for its structural integrity. the of trophic for the functional different smooth muscles, the of species


In this chapter, current polymerization processes for elastomer production are described. In order to make these processes more sustainable, replacement of the commonly used organic solvents, e.g. by supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2), represents a major challenge. The properties of supercritical fluids are discussed with emphasis on scCO2. Small non-polar and many small polar molecules have a high solubility in scCO2. However, most polymers do not dissolve in scCO2. Polymerizations in scCO2 are discussed, mainly focusing on processes which use transition-metal-based catalysts. Finally, the objective and outline of this thesis are given.


intensity to the right of their normal positions, the apical sound being best heard just below the xiphisternum and the, basal sounds over and to the right of the steinum respectively. Her abdomen was supple and she showed no signs of pain or tenderness during the examination. I could not elicit any knee-jerks, l ut her pupillary reflexes were normal, as were those of the upper extremities. She had a large bruise over the bridge of her nose, but there was no history of bleeding from it cr from the ears or mouth. She became worse the same evening, and died early the next morning. The necropsy disclosed a diaphragmatic hernia. The stomach v:as in the left pleural cavity, having passed through a circular opening about half an inich in diamseter to the left of the bodies of the vertebrae; it was very dilated and full of "coffeeground" vomit, buit as it was uninjured and not congested I find it difficult to explain the ,presenlce of blood in its contents. I might add that I had seen this child previously on tNv-o occasions, and I did not find the heart in an abnormal position. The coroner brought in a verdict of death due to shock, and added that he was convinced that the child would still be alive had it vot been for the fall. I was unwilling to express ain opinion on this point, but, on being pressed, I said it was probable that thie fall was a coincidence and not the cause of the stomaeh passing through an opening which had always been there.


OBJECTIVE
In order to represent a promising strategy for mucosal vaccination, oral or intranasal immunization of Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) BALB/c mice were performed. The mucosal immunity, systemic immune and protective immune responses were compared after immunization with the recombinant Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) harboring enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) F41.

METHOD
The recombinant fusion proteins were detected by Western blot. Surface localization of the fusion protein was verified by immunofluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Six-week-old female SPF BALB/c mice (160 heads) were divided into 4 groups for immunization and control. Oral and intranasal immunization of mice was performed with the recombinant strain L. casei harboring pLA-F41 or pLA. For oral immunization, the mice were inoculated daily on days 0 to 4, 7 to 11, 21 to 25, and 49 to 53. A lighter schedule was used for nasal immunization (days 0 to 2, 7 to 9, 21 and 49). Specific anti-F41 IgG antibody in the serum and specific anti-F41 secret immunoglobulin A (sIgA) antibody in the lung, intestines, vagina fluid and feces of mice were detected by indirect ELISA. The mice orally or intranasally immunized with pLA-F41/L. casei and pLA/IL. casei were challenged with standard-type ETEC F41 (C83919) (2 x 10(3) LD50).

RESULT
Mice immunized with pLA-F41/L. casei could produce remarkable anti-F41 antibody level. More than 90% survived in oral immunization group whereas more than 85% survived in intranasal immunization group after challenged with C83919, all dead in the control group. Ninety percent of the pups survived in oral immunization group whereas 80% survived in intranasal immunization group after challenged with C83919, but only a 5% survival rate for pups that were either immunized with a control pLA vector or unimmunized.

CONCLUSION
Oral or intranasal immunization with recombinant L. casei displaying ETEC F41 antigens on the surface induced effective and similar systemic and mucosal immune responses against the ETEC F41.


Since artificial building materials and environmental contamination are getting worse recently, people has been interested in eco-friendly construction. In addition, the problems like Sick Building Syndrome are issued these days. In order to solve these problems, the reuse of building materials and the development of environment-friendly materials are urgently in demand. In this sense, Hwangtoh is in the limelight as the environment-friendly material, and broad studies on it have been in progress. However the reactivity of Hwangtoh is low, and without activation process it is very hard to use it as a building material. This study examined the usability of Hwangtoh as an environmental building material by experimenting the reactivity of inactivated Hwangtoh with Reaction Induction Material.


Recent stock price drops have prompted many directors to consider repricing stock option awards. Companies must balance the need to attract and retain executives with shareholder interests, along with many other governance issues. Option repricing should only be used as a last resort, subject to shareholder vote.


The chosen internship setting was the University Counselling Centre, Memorial University of Newfoundland. This placement allowed the intern to fulfil individual goals of learning and professional growth. It provided many opportunities for new learning experiences and learning through quality professional supervision. Specifically, the placement allowed the intern to engage in individual counselling with 53 clients whose concerns were of personal, career or of a mixed nature. She assisted students in finding academic and career information during regularly scheduled times spent in the Career Planning Centre. She participated in training meetings for Career Planning Centre personnel, case conference weekly meetings, Interpersonal Process Recall training, co-led an assertiveness training group, other training and a full day workshop. The culmination of training, activities and experiences during the internship enabled the intern to further develop her counselling skills, gain new knowledge and feel competent about related future employment. -- Additionally, the internship placement permitted the intern to develop a project aimed at assisting other new students in the Masters of Educational Psychology program. The University Counselling Centre is committed to the development of research by its staff, and the intern was allocated weekly research time.


The surface of high strength and high modulus polyethylene (PE) fiber has been modified bygrafting with acrylic acid.Benzophenone and acrylic acid in vapor phase were UV-irradiated in thepresence of the PE tiber substrate.Grafting with acrylic acid took place in a thin layer on the sur-face,thus increasing the surface adhesion of PE fiber with epoxy resin.This paper dealt withphoto-polymerization reactions including the role of photoinitiator.The degree of graft increasedwith the enhancing of reaction time,reaction temperature and concentration of initiator.Acetonewas used as carriers of monomer and tiator and able to initiate and promote grafting to the sur-face.ATR-IR and SEM measurements on the grafted surface showed that some polar groups wereintroduced to the surface of PE fibers.Oligomer which existed during the polymerization could beremoved by washing with benzene.


Seasonal variation of foliar δ13C value,as well as proline,silicon,MDA and relative water content,in Sabina przewalskii Kom.and Sabina chinensis(Lin.)Ant.were measured.The relationships between foliar δ13 C value and environmental factors(monthly precipitation,monthly average air temperature,monthly average soil temperature,monthly total solar duration,relative humidity,atmospheric pressure,vapor pressure,wind speed and potential evaporation)were investigated.It is found that foliar δ13C value was negatively correlated with air pressure,and positively correlated with air temperature,precipitation,vapor pressure,potential evaporation,solar duration,wind speed and soil temperature.No significant relationship between δ13 C value and relative humidity was detected.These demonstrate that the foliar δ13C of Sabinais an efficient empirical indictor of these meteorological factors within the usual range of C3 whole-leaf δ13 C value.Furthermore,foliar δ13 C value was positively related to proline and silicon content,and negatively related to relative water content and MDA content.Compared with Sabina chinensis(Lin.)Ant.,Sabina przewalskii Kom.has higher δ13 C value,proline and silicon content,but lower MDA and relative water content.These results provide strong evidence that to some extent it is feasible to use δ13 C as stress resistance indicators for environmental stress.


A model based on the relations of a hereditarily elastic medium, an anisotropic theory of elasticity, and the Volterra correspondence principle has been developed, which allows one to calculate and predict the anisotropy of the rheological properties of unidirectional carbon fiber in a linear area. Based on the proposed model, expressions are obtained for the stress strain curves of unidirectional samples, which were tested on samples made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic IM7/8552 and carbon fiber plastic AS4/3501-6, loaded at different angles to the direction of reinforcement and strain rates corresponding to quasistatic and dynamic loading. It was assumed that the time dependent properties of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced plastics are manifested in the direction perpendicular to the reinforcement and in-plane shear of the layer. The implementation of the calculation algorithm turned out to be possible due to the use of relations of the algebra of the resolvent operators. To obtain numerical values of the model parameters, the experimental curves of the deformation of carbon fiber samples were processed.


The Canadian broadcasting industry has been marked, more than by any other single characteristic, by the consequences of an expressed national desire for a broadcasting system that is Canadian in all respects. Central to this national ideal has been the enactment and enforcement of a programming regulation which has demanded a particular kind of creative behaviour by Canadian broadcasters. The regulation which went into effect on 1 July 1960, indicated that 'During any period of four weeks, not less than 55% of the broadcast time of any (TV) station or network shall be devoted to programs that are basically Canadian in content and character'.' I


This course was originally developed jointly with Benjamin Kedem and Paul Smith. It consists of modules as indicated on the Course Syllabus. These fall roughly into three main headings: (A). R (& SAS) language elements and functionality, including computer-science ideas; (B). Numerical analysis ideas and implementation of statistical algorithms, primarily in R; and (C). Data analysis and statistical applications of (A)-(B). The object of the course is to reach a point where students have some facility in generating statistically meaningful models and outputs. Wherever possible, the use of R and numerical-analysis concepts is illustrated in the context of analysis of real or simulated data. The assigned homework problems will have the same flavor. The course formerly introduced Splus, where now we emphasize the use of R. The syntax is very much the same for the two packages, but R costs nothing and by now has much greater capabilities. Also, in past terms SAS has been introduced primarily in the context of linear and generalized-linear models, to contrast its treatment of those models with the treatment in R. Students in this course have often had a separate and more detailed introduction to SAS in some other course, so in the present term we will not present details about SAS, in order to leave time for interesting data-analytic topics such as Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) and multi-level modeling in R. Various public datasets will be made available for illustration, homework problems and data analysis projects, as indicated on the course web-page. The contents of these notes, not all of which are posted currently, and which will be augmented as the term progresses, are:


E-Customer Relationship Management (e-CRM) is an enhanced version of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) where I.T. tools and techniques, when applied appropriately would benefit the Hotel Industry to provide enriched information and a long lasting relationship with the valued Customers. To set a benchmark in the Industry, any Business Organization must employ technology based strategies and tools which when implemented would yield an enormous amount of profit and also lead to a sustainable growth. Hotel Industry which is one of the largest backbones for Goan Economy should be given the utmost importance for its growth with Information Technology as a tool. This research paper proposed the significance of I.T. enabled CRM considered as e-CRM by conducting a qualitative study.  Few mobile apps for Hotel bookings have been considered for the research study and have randomly analyzed some few hotels' website and the information related to Customer Relationship Management. Customer Reviews which are posted on the apps by the loyal customers gave difference in opinion with regard to the hotel's brand name. This would weaken the business in a long run if the hotel's online information gets neglected by the authorities by just following the conventional methodologies. As the technology has necessitated the customers to get any information by just a click using their hand held devices at any time, the strategies to sustain the growth of the hotel industry has to implement effective I.T. techniques. The research has identified both affirmative and negative opinions of some novel and loyal customers and the results are stated in this paper. The growth of I.T. is rapid as well as the tourists arrival in Goa is also considerable increasing day by day, the study has proposed some suggestions to improve upon the current services been offered by the Hotel Industry. The implementation of much improved I.T. enabled services would definitely increase the growth of the Industry in a better way and also would emphasize the need of modified and customized services in future.


This thesis presents three different problems belonging to different planning stages of the workforce scheduling process. The first article addresses a tour scheduling problem faced by a ground-handling agency at airports. In this problem, multiskilled agents are assigned to shifts and days-off within a planning horizon of one month to cover the airlines agent requirements. The second article considers a technician routing and scheduling problem form an external maintenance provider. This problem mainly involves obtaining weekly schedules such that the maintenance tasks requested by geographically distributed customers are fulfilled. The considered decisions consist of the assignment of technicians to teams, the assignment teams to tasks, and the dispatch of teams to service routes. The third article addresses a task scheduling problem for check-in counters personnel at airports. This problem involves the daily assignment of multiskilled agents to flights (check-ins and boardings) considering the change-over times between gates, such that the agent requirements from the airlines are satisfied.


Parkworld is a multipurposed microcomputer program which was designed and developed to meet the educational demand for creative, user-controlled software. Parkworld is predicated on Piaget's developmental theory and utilizes a microworld/discovery learning format. The software is designed for prekindergarten to fifth grade students and may be used to teach and test story line development, reading, sorting/classification, fundamental concepts, spelling, keyboarding, divergent/convergent thinking, and LOGO programming. Programming procedures are described so that Parkworld may be duplicated or altered. Parkworld is written in LOGO for the Apple lle and is touted as a new type of software.


The paper discusses the complexity lied in group decision-making process,the connotation and principle of complex adaptive system and emergence and the all process of group decision-making based on the system thinking and takes it as a new research perspective for group decision theory and research method.


Abstract The main purpose of this short paper is to study the possible criticism that Posidonius might have raised against Epicurus' method of multiple explanations. We know this Epicurean doctrine mainly thanks to the Letter to Pythocles, a doctrinal epistle preserved by Diogenes Laertius and fully devoted to the study of celestial and meteorological phenomena. In his Commentary on Aristotle's Physics (291, 21–292, 31 Diels = Posid. F18 Edelstein-Kidd = 255 Theiler) Simplicius quotes Alexander of Aphrodisias, which in turn refers to a passage of Geminus' Concise Exposition of the Meteorology of Posidonius. Here Posidonius deals with the distinction between philosophy and the special sciences. Although Posidonius enters into a rich debate of his day, I believe it would be legitimate to include Epicurus and his doctrine of multiple explanations among Posidonius' potential polemical targets.


This paper presents a novel bearingless synchronous reluctance slice motor topology that contains no permanent magnets. The rotor with two iron poles and flux barriers is levitated and rotated through a stator winding system with six coils wired as two three-phase systems. A constant rotor-oriented magnetization current is applied to generate a magnetic bias flux. The system can be controlled similar to a bearingless permanent magnet synchronous slice motor and provides passive stabilization of axial and tilting movements of the rotor. The motor topology is discussed in detail and a prototype implementation is presented. Its performance with regard to passive properties, achievable torque, controllability, and wide air gap suitability is benchmarked against two other designs that contain permanent magnets either in the rotor or the stator. A loss analysis of all topologies is performed and suitable application areas are identified. The proposed design provides an interesting alternative to existing bearingless slice motor topologies in applications that require high rotational speeds, high process or ambient temperatures, or a disposable low-cost rotor with short exchange intervals.


The research results of water quality in the lagoons from Binh Dinh to Ninh Thuan (De Gi, Thi Nai , O Loan , Nha Phu , Thuy Trieu, Nai) during 2007-2011 showed that the values of the basic parameters (S alinity: 0 - 34‰ , TSS: 4.3 mg/l to 150 mg/l , pH : 6.75 to 8.3 , DO : 3.99 mg/l to 8.09 mg/l , BOD 5 : 0.38 - 6.29 mg/l) , nutrients (A mmonia: 0 - 168 μgN/l , nitrite : 0 -        51 μgN/l , nitrate : 28 - 493 μgN/l , silicate : 83 - 6040 μgSi/l ), organic matters ( N: 298 - 1660 μg/l , P : 12.9 μg/l to 691.9 μg/l ), Fe ( 65 - 1850 μg/l) and coliform density ( 0 - 46000 MPN/100 ml) changed in a very wide range , especially in the rainy season while the values of the heavy metals ( Zn: 4.7 - 23.6 μg/l , Cu : 0.5 - 5.5 μg/l , Pb : 0.1 - 4.3 μg/l ) and hydrocarbon ( 233 - 833 μg/l ) varied in the narrower range. In general, water quality in the lagoons of De Gi , Thi Nai , Nha Phu , Thuy Trieu and Nai in the dry season was better than that in the wet season while water quality in the O Loan lagoon had an opposite trend because An Hai inlet opening in this lagoon occurred in the rainy season . In t he lagoons, especially Thi Nai, O Loan , Nai and Nha Phu, values of DO , TSS , ammonia , nitrate , phosphate , Fe, HC and coliform were not in the range of critical values for aquaculture and aquatic conservation , particularly during the rainy season in the top of lagoons and the river mouths discharging into the lagoon. However, environmental concerns were mainly DO, nutrient levels (especially phosphate) and coliform density.


Customer understanding is highly determining the creation of consumer trust to a company. In assessing things from loyalty side, customers have their own opinion about many factors and caused it to be more complex and more difficult for the company to influence it. This research aims to analyze the influence of and satisfaction to customer loyalty at PT. Bank Mandiri Tbk
 The analysis method used is linear multiple regression analysis with variable trust (X1) satisfaction (X2), and customer loyalty (Y)
 The result of regression analysis shows that Y=-2.099 + 0.637X1+0.634X2 meaning trust and satisfaction influence customer loyalty at PT. Bank Mandiri Tbk. The relationship of customer loyalty at PT. Bank Mandiri Tbk with trust and satisfaction is highly related with the value of coefficient of correlation (r) = 0.893 or 89,3%. The contribution of trust and satisfaction to costumer loyalty os seen with the value of coefficient of determination (0.797 or 78.7%). T-test shows that at  = 0.05, trust and satisfaction influence customer loyalty at PT. Bank Mandiri Tbk
 To improve customer loyalty, bank should give attention to the services such as improve the service satisfaction to customers, friendly communication with the customers in giving a maximum service, and creating trust to the customer


Abstract Kierkegaard is famous for his use of narrative set pieces to illustrate and make vivid his ideas to his reader. Less famous is his use of narrative variation, a technique deployed twice in Fear and Trembling, in which he takes a given narrative and introduces a series of variations on the narrative to explore the possibilities of selfhood made available to the narrative's protagonist. In this paper I explore this technique, help determine the ends it serves, and then apply this understanding to the use of the device in the text to see how it functions to advance its argument.


The general objective of this work is the design of a food safety management system developed by Agroindustria LCM Cia. Ltda (Co. Ltd.) which is an company dedicated to the production of milk caramel and other traditional sweets. Considering the pre-requisites established in the technical health regulations of ARCSA (National Health Regulation, Control, and Surveillance Agency) 067-GGG-2015, Title II, Chapter II and ISO 22000: 2005 part 7.2, an initial diagnostic audit was carried out, for which a list of requirements was prepared. Based on the findings, the programs required for the company were established and we continued with the documentation, which allowed to obtain the manual of good manufacturing practices. For this manual, the Company declared its safety policy and objectives which were the basis for determining management indicators, as well as their calculation and goal to be achieved for each one of them. As a process of improvement of the safety management system, control of operations was taken as a base program, due to the recurring claim on the part of the customers regarding the variability of the consistency and color of the pastry confection, for this the DMAIC methodology was applied. We proceeded to define the process and product control variables, with the data obtained in a period of two months that made the analysis of process capacity among others. We analyzed the causes of the problems that have arisen and the effects that may occur in the product due to lack of control. Subsequently improvements were planned to be applied to improve or minimize the quality defects in the final product.


The effects of pressure on emission current noise have been studied. Field emission currents from silicon devices were observed over a range of pressures. The current fluctuations were analyzed in both the time and frequency domain. Signal to noise ratios between 0.9 and 6.9 were observed. These values appear to be more dependent on operation time than on pressures. Spectral density coefficients of low frequency measurements range from -1.37 to -1.81. Some pressure dependence is suggested in the lower pressure ranges. At higher pressures emission currents seem to be reduced and the current is cut off completely above a threshold pressure which is somewhere in the 10's of Torr.


Digital technologies enable businesses to compete in a digital landscape via automation, efficiency gains, and customer reach. However, micro-rural businesses face unique issues that leave these businesses vulnerable to competitive pressures because they are often unaware of these valuable digital systems. We surveyed 37 rural businesses in Maine using surveys and open-ended questions to understand their successes and challenges in technology adoption. Our results suggest that while rural businesses recognize the need for digital strategies, a lack of access, and awareness of integrated systems and resources to implement technology persists. In addition, many micro-rural businesses lack adequate broadband Internet which is crucial to digital transformation. Our findings show that a multi-pronged approach is needed to address connectivity, education, and resource constraints. These include affordable access to broadband Internet and a proactive approach by government or non-profit organizations to help these micro-rural businesses understand the need for integrated software solutions as well as the training to implement them. Because micro-rural businesses represent the lifeblood of remote rural communities and digital integration represents a vital part of survival and growth, these findings suggest that digital transformation represents a necessary condition for success in businesses and their communities.


Foreshock transients such as foreshock bubbles (FBs), hot flow anomalies (HFAs), and spontaneous hot flow anomalies (SHFAs) display heated, tenuous cores and large flow deflections bounded by compressional boundaries. THEMIS and Cluster observations show that some cores contain local density enhancements which can be studied to better understand the evolution processes of foreshock transients. However, closer examinations of these substructures were not feasible until the availability of the higher resolution data from the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission (MMS). We identify 164 FB‐like, HFA‐like, and SHFA events from two MMS dayside phases for a statistical study to investigate their solar wind conditions, properties, and substructure properties. Occurrence rates of the three event types are higher for lower magnetic field strengths, higher solar wind speeds and Mach numbers, and quasi‐parallel bow shocks. Events usually span up to 3 RE along the bow shock surface and extend up to 6 RE upstream from the bow shock. Though events with and without substructures exhibit similar solar wind conditions, events with substructures are more likely to have longer core durations and larger sizes. Substructure densities display a positive correlation with bulk flows and a negative correlation with temperatures. Substructure sizes vary between 4 and 24 ion inertial lengths, indicating multiple formation mechanisms. Substructures could be the boundary between two foreshock transient events that have merged into a single event, fast‐mode variations, generated by slow or mirror mode instabilities, or produced from instabilities due to parameter gradients at the compressional boundaries or shocks.


The aim of this examination project work was to develop one new sports drink for consumption during prolonged exercise. Most existing sports drinks contain carbohydrates and electrolytes but the dr ...


Human Detection (HD)in natural disaster areas with the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV)or drones is an important approach to preserve human lives in Search and Rescue (SAR)operations, allowing to rescue injured people through previous and fast exploration from safer zones. Nevertheless, constraints on artificial vision and interactive interfaces remain a challenge, namely the ones related to Computer Vision (CV)techniques, since HD cameras drones need to transmit video streams in real-time to Ground Stations (GS). Additionally, GS interfaces of this type of applications are usually not easy to use for unexperienced pilots. In this work, we propose an architecture for SAR operations, integrating an interactive interface that can be used with commercial UAV and Head-Mounted Display (HMD)devices, which provide Mixed Reality (MR)for GS. Results on an application prototype show that a fine tunning process of a non-traditional object detection model with SAR images can improve human detection precision with real-time video streaming.


1. Introduction 2. The Mongols and the Mings: Naval Basing During an Earlier Age of Sail 3. The Mediterranean Basing Competition and Galley Warfare: Venice, Genoa, Ottoman Empire, Spain, circa 1200-1600 4. Basing Systems in the Age of Empire and Sail 5. The Interwar Period: A Transitional Era 6. Bases During the Cold War: The Bipolar Base Race 7. After the Cold War: Basing in a Unipolar System


Abstract : Breast cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in women worldwide. Breast tumors are initially estrogen-dependent but eventually become estrogen-independent and refractory to anti-estrogen therapy. Thus, it is very important to develop new insights into breast cancer. Our approach has been to analyze the cellular changes associated with highly tumorigenic properties. We have characterized a novel growth factor, PC-cell derived growth factor (PCDGF) (epithelin/granulin precursor) in human breast carcinoma cells. This application investigates the role of PCDGF in the proliferation of human breast cancer cells. In estrogen-receptor positive cells, PCDGF expression was stimulated in a dose and time-dependent fashion by estradiol and inhibited by tamoxifen. In estrogen-receptor negative cells, PCDGF was constitutively overexpressed. PCDGF acted as an autocrine growth factor both for ER(+) and ER(-) cells. Most importantly, inhibition of PCDGF expression by anti sense PCDGF cDNA transfection in ER(-) breast carcinoma led to a 90% inhibition of tumor incidence and size. These characteristics make PCDGF an important factor involved in the tumorigenicity of breast carcinoma. Future goals are to further investigate PCDGF role on the proliferation of breast cancer cells and examine PCDGF expression in human breast cancer biopsies at different stages of the disease.


To clarify the effect of each assumption in a shielding analysis of a spent-fuel package to reduce the safety margin, the measured and calculated dose rates around a package are compared. Neutron and gamma-ray dose rates were measured at many points around a TN-12/2 transport package loaded with 1.5-yr-cooled spent fuel using an ionization chamber and a rem counter. Calculations were made using the SAS4M and MCNP codes based on detailed package and fuel assembly information, and the calculated and measured results were then compared. For the sides of the package, the discrepancy between the measured and calculated gamma-ray dose rates is within 50% except at both ends. There are discrepancies of a factor of2 or 3 in the results for both end surfaces. In the top region, the calculated gamma-ray dose rates overestimate the measured ones by a factor of 2. In the bottom area, the discrepancy is within 40%. With respect to neutron dose rate, SAS4M and MCNP produce different results. On the sides, the SAS4M calculation overestimates the measured dose rates by a factor of2 at the surface and 1.7 at 1 m from the surface; MCNP also overestimates, but the factor is lower. At the top, the over-estimation is much larger at the surface. At the bottom, there is good agreement. The causes of the differences between measurements and calculation using data from a safety analysis report are discussed. One of the major reasons for the difference is that the calculation model uses the minimum values required for thickness and density that were used in the safety analyses to obtain conservative results. The angular dependence of the detector response and the effective center of the actual detector also affect the surface neutron dose rate values obtained by measurement. In addition, the burnup profile of the spent fuels affects not only the neutron dose rate but also the gamma-ray dose rate at both ends of a package. A more detailed investigation of the 60 Co source is necessary for future work.


Background: The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®) is a set of person-centered measures composed of several Item Banks that evaluates and monitors physical, mental, and social health in adults and children. In the Pediatric field (8 to 17 years) of the Physical Function is the Upper Extremity Item Bank, which investigates the coordinated functioning of the upper extremity in daily life activities. The availability of the version for use in Brazil is necessary for later use in the CAT (Computer Adaptive tests) and to contribute with practices and clinical research. Objective: Translate, cross-culturally adapt and validate the Pediatric Upper Extremity Item Bank of the PROMIS for the brazilian population. Method: Qualitative and quantitative study in the following stages: (1) Translation and crosscultural adaptation and (2) Validation of psychometric properties. (1) According to the PROMIS recommendation, a translation followed for the Assessment Methodology of Chronic Disease Therapy (FACIT). A pre-final version was tested with 10 participants, who participated in a focus group with content analysis and two interviews, a cognitive and a retrospective clarification, for semantic validation. (2) A final version of the translation, composed of 31 items, was self-administered by 400 children with different health conditions. Data Quality, reliability and performed by Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) for calibration were evaluated of the items by the Item Response Theory (TRI), through the Samejima Gradual Response Model. Also investigated the Differential Functioning of Items (DIF) for age, sex and presence of diseases. Results: (1) The pre-test suggested the incorporation of two new items and a focal group was conducted that, from the content analysis, generated the matrix of four sensory nodes. (2) The items presented good quality, adequate reliability (a Cronbach = 0.97) and reproducibility (ICC = 0.82). No significant impact DIF was detected. Conclusion: The translated pediatric version of PROMIS Upper Extremity Item Bank is an unprecedented, reliable and culturally appropriate evaluation measure to measure and monitor functional outcomes of clinical interventions aimed at manual dexterity.


Nature is characterized by its chaotic behavior. The forces and processes that individually and collectively control the phenomena of the universe independently of human intervention are described by various equations. These equations need to be solved to understand the behavior of nature. Unfortunately, conventional mathematics has not been able to deal with all nature problems. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel mathematics to solve complex problems. This paper lays the foundation for solving nature chaotic equations and shows how the universe dimensions determine the nature and number of solutions. It introduces the process to solve and identify the solutions for the simple linear equation x = 2 and quadratic equation x2 = 4 in zero, one, two, three, and more dimensions. As a result, this paper establishes an important fact for chaos equations that is all equations have multiple solutions.


2562 Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been established as the standard of care for numerous advanced malignancies. Emerging evidence suggests that the time-of-day of administering these immunotherapies may impact patient outcomes. We sought to determine the consistency in the impact of ICI time-of-day infusion on survival of patients with metastatic cancer. Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of published studies that have reported on ICI time-of-day infusion and efficacy in patients with advanced solid tumors. Overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) were compared between patients who had received ICIs before and after the daily time cut-off of each study. Hazard ratios (HRs) with their 95% confidence interval (CI) were collected from the studies and pooled. Results: This meta-analysis identified 7 studies of 1019 patients (PS 0, 43%; PS 1, 39%; males, 65%; females, 35%) who had stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), urothelial cancer, renal cell carcinoma, or melanoma, and were treated with mostly anti-PD-1 (nivolumab or pembrolizumab), anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab), and anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) agents. The time cut-offs selected to stratify patterns of ICI infusion were 16:00 or 16:30 in 5 studies (based on differences in adaptive immune response reported in previous vaccination studies) and 13:00 (based on median time of ICI infusions) in 2 studies. The pooled analysis of OS results showed a statistically significant benefit in favor of patients receiving infusions in the morning or in the early part of the day with a HR: 0.49, [95% CI: 0.36-0.69] (p < 0.0001). A similar benefit was observed for PFS with a HR: 0.56, [0.44-0.72] (p < 0.00001). Conclusions: Patients with advanced cancers may benefit from earlier time-of-day ICI infusions. Our findings are consistent with established circadian mechanisms that control immune cell functions and trafficking over a 24-h period. Prospective randomized trials are warranted to establish ICI timing recommendations for optimizing treatment efficacy in patients with different cancer types and at minimal cost.


The principle and characteristics of optical fiber dilaying technology were reported,the method of realization and key technology of optical fiber dilaying system is analysed too on the paper.


Designed to be used in conjunction with the "Consumer's Resource Handbook" (CRH), this teacher's guide features teaching units, sources of information, and follow-up learning activities. It is written primari.y for secondary level students but can be adapted for elementary and postsecondary classes. Unit 1 addresses how to seek purchasing information, and unit 2 describes the steps in effective complaint handling. Objectives and activities are outlined for both units, and a sample complaint letter is included. Sources of consumer assistance are described and include: (1) corporate consumer contacts; (2) automobile manufacturers; (3) better business bureaus; (4) trade associations and industry third-party dispute resolution programs; (5) state, county, and city government consumer officer; (6) federal offices; (7) libraries; (8) media programs; (9) occupational and professional licensing boards; (10) small claims courts; (11) legal aid and legal services; (12) lawyers; (13) consumer credit counseling services; (14) the "Consumer Information Catalog"; and (15) private and voluntary consumer groups. (JHP) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * *s..********************************************************************* A SUGGESTED TEACHER'S GUIDE TO THE CONSUMER'S RESOURCE HANDBOOK Office of Special Adviser to the President for Consumer Affairs The White House, Washington, DC and the United States Office of Consumer Affairs "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY OR. IERHGD/A/6 .4. `t43ort)611_ TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) U A DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Voce of Ed.v_atioosi Research and Improvement EC ICATIONAL RESOURCES INFOR' tATION CENTER (ERIC) Nets document hoe been reproduced es received from the person or organozahon originating of Minor changes have Wei made to omprove reproduction quality Points of view or oponoons stated on this dOCumen, do not necessarily represent ("call OERI Poston or poticy A SUGGESTED TEACHER'S GUIDE TO THE CONSUMER'S RESOURCE HANDBOOK


Consider the discrete cubic Hilbert transform defined on finitely supported functions $f$ on $\mathbb{Z}$ by
\begin{eqnarray*}
H_3f(n) = \sum_{m \not = 0} \frac{f(n- m^3)}{m}.
\end{eqnarray*} We prove that there exists $r <2$ and universal constant $C$ such that for all finitely supported $f,g$ on $\mathbb{Z}$ there exists an $(r,r)$-sparse form ${\Lambda}_{r,r}$ for which
\begin{eqnarray*} \left| \langle H_3f, g \rangle \right| \leq C {\Lambda}_{r,r} (f,g).
\end{eqnarray*} This is the first result of this type concerning discrete harmonic analytic operators. It immediately implies some weighted inequalities, which are also new in this setting.


For preparing the absorbent of 68Ge-68Ga generator,SnO2 was prepared with metal tin and hot HNO3.The process and characters of SnO2 were studied.The features of adsorption and elution of 68Ge-68Ga generator with SnO2as the absorbent were also studied.The results indicate that SnO2 after heated at 600 ℃ is suitable as absorbent for 68Ge-68Ga generator,and it has good selective adsorption to 68Ge.The 68Ga yield is 60%-80% with 8 mL of 1 mol/L HCl as the eluent,and the 68Ge breakthrough is most a magnitude of 10-3%.


Strategic problems faced by chief executives of business and industrial organizations have been much more frequently studied and discussed than the general management issues encountered in other types of organization. It may reasonably be claimed that, because of their significant slice of national expenditure, the general management of educational organizations warrants much more research attention than it has so far received. The present paper is offered as a contribution to this rather neglected but critical field.A second reason in favour of studying strategy in educational organizations is the opportunity afforded for testing the operational conceptual scheme commonly used in teaching corporate strategy to managers essentially developed to explicate and guide general managers in business in a related but distinctive type of organization and environmental context.' Such studies can help to determine whether the scheme is purely local, i.e. restricted to the profitmak~ng .~terprise, or of more general applicability to other sorts of organizations as well. Thirdly, study of general m~nagement in non-business organizations, such as educational institutions,


Results of fire tests of 11 full-scale rectangular reinforced concrete beams are presented. In addition, test results of two full-scale double-tee beams, and two full-scale scarf-joint beams are reported in the appendixes. Specimens represent simple spans as well as interior and exterior spans of multibay structures. Test results indicate that full redistribution of moments occurs when statically indeterminate structures are exposed to fire. This redistribution, due to continuity over supports, substantially increases the fire endurance of concrete beams. (Author)


The article presents the relevancy of creating a shell-and-tube heat exchanger for utilizing the heat of process gases from an aluminum electrolyser. On the basis of the results of virtual modeling, a heat exchange unit was created, which is currently being tested in industrial conditions under various operating conditions. In the future, recovered heat will be used to increase the energy efficiency of production, by using heat energy to generate electrical energy, preheat anodes and alumina.


The detection of some tiny gravitomagnetic effects in the field of the Earth by means of artificial satellites is a very demanding task because of the various other perturbing forces of gravitational and non-gravitational origin acting upon them. Among the gravitational perturbations a relevant role is played by the Earth solid and ocean tides. In this communication I outline their effects on the detection of the Lense-Thirring drag of the orbits of LAGEOS and LAGEOS II, currently analyzed, and the proposed GP-C experiment devoted to the measurement of the clock effect.


This article presents a research on the influence of positive reinforcements on the motivation of civilian and military students in the training process and its relation with therewards given from the superiors for getting better performanceat the university . The study is conducted in a real educational environment. The subject of the study is the positive reinforcements and the end results in the training process. The object of the study is cadets in the last year of their education in the Military Science professional field, specialising in Organisation and Management of Military Units at a Tactical Level at the National Military University in Bulgaria. In the course of theoretical research were studied motivational theories of needs, socially acquired knowledge, behavioural, cognitive, psychoanalytic and biological motivational theories.


Proper selection of machining conditions is one of the most important aspects in the die sinking Electrical Discharge Machining process. The objective of the present work is to develop empirical models and prediction of machining quality for Electrical Discharge Machining of martensitic Precipitation Hardening (PH) stainless steel with copper tungsten electrode. The important process input parameters such as peak current, pulse on time, pulse off time and tool lift time are selected to predict the machining qualities of Material Removal Rate (MRR) and Surface Roughness (SR). Taguchi experimental design (L27 orthogonal array) was used to formulate the experimental layout. The empirical models have been developed to predict the Material Removal Rate (MRR) and Surface Roughness (SR) using Regression Analysis (RA). Prediction capability of regression models are verified with experimental data. According to results, the regression model is better performed to predict the MRR and SR for a given range of process parameters of EDM.


This research used images from Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) examination as well as fundus images to localize the optical disc and macular layer of retina. The researchers utilized the OCT and fundus image to interpret the distance between macular center and optic disc in the image. The distance will express the area of macula that can be employed for further research. This distance could recognize the thickness of macula parameters diameter that will be used in localizing process of optic disc and macula. The parameters are the circle radius, the size of window's filter, the constant value and the size of optic disc element structure as well as the size of macula. The results of this study are expected to improve the accuracy of macula detection that experience the edema.


Abstract
 This chapter describes the factors that affect bull fertility, including, sexual maturity, nutrition, behaviour, libido, mating ability and health, and how to perform a breeding soundness evaluation (measurement of the testes and scrotum, semen characteristics and cryopreservation).


Quantitative experimental results are reported for the photo-decomposition of octafluorocyclobutane under irradiation with intense, mono-chromatic light from a pulsed TEA-CO2-laser in the range of the v21 fundamental near 963 cm−1. The IR-photochemical rate coefficient is found to be

for irradiation with P 8 at 954.6 cm−1, close to the optimum frequency. It is shown that the intensity dependence is linear to a good approximation by comparing irradiation with intense self-mode-locked pulse trains and smooth single mode pulses of low peak intensity, generated by means of an intracavity absorber. Results on the frequency dependence and upon the influence of inert gas pressure in the IR-photochemistry of C4F8 are reported. The experimental results are found to compare well with theoretical predictions based on a Pauli equation treatment and simple models for the rate coefficient matrix.


The reaction $p+p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}+d$ is represented by a matrix operating on the initial spin state on the assumption that the pion leaves only in $s$- and $p$-waves. This matrix is determined by five real parameters which may be experimentally determined by measurements of the different types of polarization of the outgoing deuterons and also of the asymmetry produced by incident polarized protons. Some effects of $d$-waves on the latter are considered.


Internet has great impact on various facets of everyone's life. With the enormous advantage Internet provides to users all around the world, it has some inherent weaknesses because of the protocol stack on which it is built. It can be easily attacked by attackers who exploit the vulnerabilities in the protocols and compromise systems and remotely control them to do further damage. Major attacks are focused on confidentiality, integrity and availability of data or resources. Flooding attack is one such resource availability attack which is a great cause of concern. Hackers can use the flooding attacks and cause Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack with ease. With the increase and variations in the attack mode makes the investigation of these attacks essential. Random-UDP flooding attack is a different type of attack in which the attacker sends multiple UDP datagrams of different sizes at a time. This causes denial of service to the system and its resources. In this paper, we have proposed a technique for the forensics of Random-UDP flooding attack. We have tried to get as close as possible to the source of such attacks. The proposed technique is capable to identify the source of Random-UDP flooding bot attack.


International studies have raised concerns about the academic and social implications of inclusive policies on school engagement and successful learning and, in particular, on the ways in which friendships are formed between students with SEN and other students. This article stems from research findings which show that Irish children with special educational needs like school less than their peers without SEN in mainstream settings. Using data from a large scale longitudinal study of 8578 9-year-olds, this paper uses a child centred research approach to investigate why this is the case particularly when they are in receipt of supports. To do this, we focus on processes underlying their dislike of school such as their academic engagement and social/peer relations. We measure academic engagement by looking at their interest in the subjects mathematics and reading and the extent to which they complete their homework. We examine the social/peer relations of students with special educational needs by assessing the extent to which they report liking their teacher. Using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) Scale and the Piers-Harris Self-Concept Scale we also examine the nature of peer relations among children with special educational needs in mainstream settings. Both academic engagement and social engagement play a central role in understanding the broader school engagement of children with special educational needs. By simultaneously examining the role of academic and social relations in shaping the engagement of children with SEN, the analysis provides a unique opportunity to fundamentally assess the barriers to true inclusion for children with special needs.