Drained peatlands are a global concern due to alterations of the water and carbon cycle, loss of habitat, and increased fire frequency. However, methods for restoring drained sloping peatlands are limited and poorly tested. Therefore, we measured water table dynamics, CO2 fluxes, and soil properties at four sloping fens that were restored (1–20 years post‐restoration) with the installation of small check dams in ditches that had drained the sites for a century. Restoration had a positive effect on water tables, increasing from approximately 45 cm below the surface to approximately 15 cm below the surface during the summers. Restoration also benefited CO2 fluxes, as the mean net ecosystem exchange was greatest in the restored areas (−2.19 g CO2 m−2 hour‐1) compared to the unrestored drained areas (−1.28 g CO2 m−2 hour−1), while in reference areas it was −1.74 g CO2 m−2 hour−1. Drainage also caused significant changes to the peat soil including: 25% reduction in soil organic matter (lost between 1.4 to 3.6 kg/m2), increased bulk density, decreased porosity, and reduced saturated hydraulic conductivity. Restoration did not affect these parameters, even 20 years after restoration. This study suggests that although natural water table levels have been reestablished and the process of carbon sequestration improved, the physical properties of the most disturbed, near surface peat soils do not mimic reference conditions 20 years post‐restoration.


Hospital selection for patients with drug overdose (DOD) is a critical issue. In Tokyo, the 50‐tablet rule has been widely utilized by paramedics for triaging patients with DOD given that it shortens the triage time. However, studies have not investigated the utility of such a rule in local cities. The present study aimed to identify prognostic pre‐ and in‐hospital factors among patients with DOD and determine whether the 50‐tablet rule benefits local cities.


Many functions provided by electric/electronic (E/E) systems of modern vehicles are associated with the classic powertrain, chassis, body and multimedia domains. As a result of the advance of new technologies in the vehicle, however, domains such as driver assistance and connectivity are gaining tremendously in importance. Completely new functions are emerging here that are no longer limited just to the vehicle but are also provided in the backend outside the vehicle. Such a complex network of functions and ECUs can be handled much more easily if well-founded design decisions can be made during the design concept phase (Figure 1).


Objectives: To investigate the biochemical properties, physiological role and possible application of a purple acid phosphatase isolated from breadfruit (Artocarpus communis) seeds. Methodology and results: An acid phosphatase was purified 13.7-fold to apparent homogeneity from breadfruit (Artocarpus communis) seeds, using successive chromatographies on DEAE-Sepharose Fast-flow, Sephacryl S-100 HR, and phenyl Sepharose 6 Fast-flow. The enzyme was a purple acid phosphatase ( λmax = 510 nm) that appeared to be a monomeric protein with molecular weight of approximately 27.3 kDa by SDS PAGE. The purple acid phosphatase was optimally active at pH 5.5 and 55°C, but strongly inhibited by molybdate, vanadate, phosphate and zinc. Moreover it did not require divalent cations for catalysis. This phosphatase showed wide substrate specificity with high affinity for sodium pyrophosphate, suggesting that pyrophosphate could be its potential physiological substrate. The enzyme also hydrolyzed sodium phytate. Potential application of finding: The purified enzyme could be applied in the mineral fertilizers industry or as a food additive for monogastric animals, e.g. pigs, in farming systems.


Networks-on-Chip (NoCs) are the backbone of communications in MPSoCs and future Many-Cores. The approaching thousand cores technology, together with the dark silicon era, put energy-efficiency on top of the challenges for future NoC-based multicore chips, where NoCs significantly contribute to the total chip power. This paper explores the use of circuit-switched (CS) NoCs as a low complexity energy-efficient solution for future platforms in the Dark-Silicon (Si) era. We present a thorough analysis for circuit-switched NoCs from hardware synthesis perspective at different threshold voltage (Vth) and supply levels. Based on this analysis, we further propose a Dark-si inspired multilayered-CS-NoC architecture. The proposed NoC is implemented as a mixed Vth double layered design, where each layer is optimized for a frequency level at a different supply voltage. Layer switching is explored on a per-router-port granularity level; links are either reserved on the fast or the slow layer based on the speed requirements, while the other layer is kept dark. The proposed NoC architecture is synthesized using Synopsys Design Compiler for SAED90nm technology. The obtained results show energy savings up to 34% compared to conventional single-layer single supply CS-NoCs.


This framing study examines how author J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter series of children's books treats the news media and how that treatment could affect children. Researchers first studied quotes from the first six books regarding the media, and based on the overall categorization of those quotes, they determined the three main frames in which media is viewed: Government Control of Journalism, Misleading Journalism, and Unethical Means of Gathering Information. Based on these frames, researchers argue the Harry Potter series does not put the media in a positive light. Because of this, children could potentially perceive the news media in general as untrustworthy and controlled by the government. Given the prevalence of tabloid journalism and "entertainment" news, children's understanding of true journalistic integrity, journalism as a career, and even positive social behaviors could be negatively affected due to this depiction, in light of the overwhelming popularity of the series.


Trawl fishery over the mid-shelf region off Mangalore coast was studied during 1979/80,1987/88. Details of craft and
gear employed, the nature and extent of fishing ground and the changing pattern of fishins are dealt with. There was
an eight-fold increase in fishing effort from 4,132 unit days in 1979•80 to a maximum of 34,758 unit days in 1984•85.
The annual production rose from 527 t in 1979-80 to a maximum of 10,327 t in ' 1986-87, showing a twenty-fold
increase. The catch rate, however, showed an increasing trend initially reaching a peak value of 299 kg in 1981 -82 and
declined thereafter only to register another peak of 335 kg in 1985-86.


Learning objectives  Explore local and gendered effects of global processes  Deepen students' understanding of ethnographic methodology  Explore the kinds of research methods that are needed to study "globalization"?  Multi-sited research  "Virtual" ethnography  Explore feminist approaches to ethnography  Develop a critical appreciation of ethnographic writing  Provide opportunities for students to conduct primary and secondary research  Enhance student abilities to express ideas orally and in writing.


The present invention relates to processes and methods for the recovery of the purified product from a fluid mixture by the integration and recovery operation the purified product selection permeable separation. More precisely, the integrated process of the present invention comprises the separation by one or more devices using the polymer membrane combined with the recovery of the purified by fractional crystallization and / or selective adsorption product. The process of the present invention is particularly useful in the recovery of highly pure aromatic isomers in the handling of pure para-xylene product from the liquid mixture containing ethylbenzene as well as the three xylene isomers, for the aromatic starting material, for example. Selecting permeable membranes, zeolite, para-xylene, xylene


A new speculative model for the expansion of our universe has been under development by the author for the last two decades, which correctly predicts astronomical measurements with no dark matter or dark energy. This new closed model (no free parameters) correctly predicts that time increases without limit into the future. By contrast, a seldom mentioned future-problem in relativity theory is shown in this paper. Any acceleration of the expansion rate of our universe destroys the proper behavior of time into the future. The goal of this paper is to present this problem of relativity theory and remind the reader of the success of the new model
Key words: cosmology: theory; cosmology: cosmological parameters; time: general relativity:


This paper describes changes in the characteristics of radiated emissions generated when the ground pattern of a two-layer PWB is connected to the sheet metal. Results of experiments revealed that the emission level deteriorated when the PWB was connected to the sheet metal under particular frequencies. The two reasons for this are that a standing wave is generated, and that a high-frequency current flows at the connection point. We took countermeasures to reduce the radiated emissions by regulating the impedance at the connection point, and confirmed their effectiveness in a wide frequency band.


In order to reduce the impact of human factor on risks of hazard in operation for the design of safetycritical hardware and software systems, several new principles have been suggested to increase the quality of such systems' design. The findings presented in this paper are based, on the one hand, on psychological and interdisciplinary researches and, on the other hand, on the analysis of the designing practice of complex hardware and software systems of the atomic energy industry.


The blue-mouth, Helicolenus dactylopterus dactylopterus (Delaroche, 1809) (Pisces: Scorpaenidae), is a scorpionfish widespread in the whole Mediterranean basin, where it plays an important ecological role in deep-sea fish communities. The depauperation of this large-size sedentary and slow-growing fish can be an index of overexploitation. This species is found throughout all Italian seas; the juveniles are mainly located around 150–300 m depth, whereas the adult specimens are spread over a wider depth range from 200 m to as deep as 1000 m. The abundance in number and weight, the spatial distribution, the population structure, the growth and the recruitment pattern of H. dactylopterus were analysed in this study. The present paper integrates data from 11 bottom trawl surveys carried out in the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea (Central Mediterranean) along Calabrian and Sicilian coasts, within the framework of the MEDITS Project. A total of 1412 specimens of H. dactylopterus weighting 20.051 kg were caught. The species appeared in 40% of the 296 hauls analysed, throughout the whole depth range surveyed. The highest values of frequency of occurrence (>67%) were obtained in the slope, whereas in the shelf they fell to around 16%. On the continental shelf the species was found between 106 and 196 m depth, and in the slope between 400 and 645 m. The highest mean density index (N·km−2) value was obtained in the 100–200 m depth stratum, whereas the highest mean biomass index (kg·km−2) value was recorded in the deeper 200–500 m stratum. The length distribution of the specimens ranged between 2.5 and 24.5 cm. From the Von Bertalanffy growth model the following parameters for the whole population were obtained: L∞: 30 cm; K: 0.16 year−1; t0: −0.02. The sampled population is composed mainly of the young-of-the-year fraction, which can reach up to 98% of the whole catch. Recruits (age 0+) and juveniles (age up 4 years) are limited to waters shallower than 500 m, whereas adults are present below this depth.


This investigation for the first time, experimentally demonstrates the dynamic characteristics of 1.3 mum quantum dot VCSEL without and with external light injection. The eye diagram, frequency response, and intermodulation distortion are presented.


In order to reduce CO2 emissions, for the automotive industry, the most promising area of research is lightweight construction. Next to weight reduction, lightweight materials like fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites (FRTC) may also improve mechanical properties of vehicle body parts. FRTCs, so-called organic sheets, have the potential for large scale series production and they can be back moulded due to the thermoplastic matrix. On the other hand high production cycle times and a poor surface quality are limiting their potential. Therefore, ITA's current research approaches these problems in two ways. Nanomodified materials and a new tool concept for heat pressing are going hand in hand and may lead to the technology's breakthrough.To reduce the cycle times of the production of FRTCs innovative and modified matrix systems are investigated. The goal of the public founded project "VarioOrgano" is to analyze the potential of these modified yarns and the tool system during the FRTC production. Moreover, the capability of these composites in visible parts in automotive applications is investigated. Therefore, the whole process chain from compounding, to melt spinning, commingling and consolidation with a heat press is investigated.This paper shows the production steps along the process chain to produce these FRTCs with focus on hybrid yarn development and production.


Simple Summary Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are common and among the deadliest neoplasms worldwide, wherein metastasis represents the main cause of the poor survival outcomes. Tumour cells require blood vessels in order to grow and invade the surrounding tissues. Recently, a new phenomenon termed vascular mimicry (VM) was introduced, whereby tumour cells can independently form vessel-like structures to promote their growth and metastasis. VM has been characterized in many solid tumours, including HNSCC. A large body of research evidence shows that patients with positive VM exhibit poor treatment response and dismal survival rates. Thus, VM represents a promising therapeutic and prognostic target in cancer. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the identification of VM in HNSCC (in vitro and in vivo) and what factors may influence such a phenomenon. This study aims to address these limitations, which may facilitate the therapeutic exploitation of VM in HNSCC. Abstract Tissue vasculature provides the main conduit for metastasis in solid tumours including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Vascular mimicry (VM) is an endothelial cell (EC)-independent neovascularization pattern, whereby tumour cells generate a perfusable vessel-like meshwork. Yet, despite its promising clinical utility, there are limited approaches to better identify VM in HNSCC and what factors may influence such a phenomenon in vitro. Therefore, we employed different staining procedures to assess their utility in identifying VM in tumour sections, wherein mosaic vessels may also be adopted to further assess the VM-competent cell phenotype. Using 13 primary and metastatic HNSCC cell lines in addition to murine- and human-derived matrices, we elucidated the impact of the extracellular matrix, tumour cell type, and density on the formation and morphology of cell-derived tubulogenesis in HNSCC. We then delineated the optimal cell numbers needed to obtain a VM meshwork in vitro, which revealed cell-specific variations and yet consistent expression of the EC marker CD31. Finally, we proposed the zebrafish larvae as a simple and cost-effective model to evaluate VM development in vivo. Taken together, our findings offer a valuable resource for designing future studies that may facilitate the therapeutic exploitation of VM in HNSCC and other tumours.


One of the main challenges in Environmental sciences is the identification and chemical evolution of polluting traces (e.g, cadmium or antimony) in soil, which requires long acquistion times for accurate measurements at synchrotron facilities. In this context, the potential of a new generation multi-element germanium detectors to identify traces at 0.1-1 ppm in a reasonable time has been studied using Allpix Squared framework [1]. This code has been customized to include the three dimensional electric and weighting field maps generated by COMSOL Multiphysics software, and several features to model the sample environment at SOLEIL synchrotron and the signal response of a germanium detector equipped with a Digital Pulse Processor (DPP). The full simulation chain has been validated by experimental data from SAMBA beamline of SOLEIL synchrotron. This work presents a first estimation of the detection limit to cadmium traces in a soil sample for a future multi-element germanium detector, using this simulation chain.


Aventurine glazes consist of a glassy matrix that contains randomly distributed laminar crystals of high reflectivity. Direct incident light causes these crystals to sparkle, producing a glittering effect that varies with the angle of incident light. These glazes can be obtained with Cr, Cu, Fe and U, by crystallising the metal or the oxide. The effect is obtained by mixing oxides of metallic elements with frits, or with 'raw glazes' based exclusively on crystalline raw materials. During firing, the metallic oxide dissolves to give rise subsequently, in cooling, to the laminar crystals mentioned previously. Some references have been found in the literature on the use of aventurine glazes in artistic ceramic ware. The origin of these glazes dates back to the 17th century. The present study has been undertaken to establish the formation mechanisms of this type of effect, in order to attempt to adapt these to shorter thermal cycles than those used in artistic ceramics. The effect was analysed of mixing iron and copper oxides with ceramic frits with a view to obtaining aventurine glazes. The metallic oxide content, the frit composition, the thickness of the applied glaze layer, and the thermal cycle were modified. It has been verified that iron yields aventurines in which the sparkles are originated by hematite crystals with a dendritic shape or in hexagonal sheets. Depending on either form of the crystal, the shade of the reflections varies. However, the addition of copper can lead to different effects, such as glazes with an intense green colour, glossy metallised glazes with a blue, silver or golden hue, or metallised glazes with a matt surface and silver hue.


We present two independent schemes for the precise focusing of orthogonal polarizations of light at arbitrary relative locations. The first scheme uses a polarization Sagnac interferometer, the second a set of three birefringent elements.


We identify a new information retrieval task for eCommerce that we call the high accuracy recall task. That task is to identify as many relevant documents, and as few non-relevant documents as possible, such that regardless of the rank ordering, the precision remains high. We demonstrate a need to investigate this problem, we propose metrics to measure the quality of the results, and we suggest how a document collection might be built and queries might be generated.


The main objective of this work was to introduce and validate an appropriate algorithm for studying the hydrodynamic characteristics (i.e. pressure distribution, lift, drag, and wave pattern) of 3D planing hulls and wedge-shapes, including trim effects, moving at a constant speed on the surface of calm water. The work builds on the earlier work of the authors, paying more attention to wave pattern analysis. An integral equation was derived from Green's theorem and the unknown pressure distributions on each element were determined by solving an integral equation relating the potentials on the planing hull and the free surface. The hydrodynamic characteristics of the planing hull were calculated numerically in different wetted length-to-beam ratios, deadrise angles, trim angles, and Froude numbers. The effect of spray during planing was considered in the computations of numerical results. Computational results are presented and compared with existing theories and experiments. It is shown that the agreement between the results of experimental measurements and those of the present numerical method is satisfactory.


This paper proposed the four dimentsonal annals network,which described the years, the synodic and intercalary months, and days designated by the Heavenly stems and the arthly branches and the numbering of time by the emperor reigns within 4560 years in chinese history.


A deployment algorithm of multistatic sonar based on minimum localization error was studied.The method of template for deploying multistatic sonar was brought forward according to the geometrical distributing of localization error.The template method made use of the measurement error of the new receiver and the target's distance information which are provided by the existed network.The template could be obtained by extracting the characteristics of Geometrical Dilution of Precision(GDOP) geometrical figure.At last,the position of the new receiver could be determined by matching the template and the real multistatic condition.Simulation results show that the method can localize the targets more accurately under the attacking mode,and the computational loads are small.


Immigration portfolio is especially interesting, since she played a key role in the introduction of new immigration regulations in •962. Her discussion of cases shows Fairclough to have been compassionate, but also hard-headed in this difficult portfolio, as Diefenbaker was 'tearing large strips of hide off me' {tt2}, and demanding 'action forthwith to accommodate the would-be applicant' {tt3). Fairclough's chapter on her cabinet years is titled 'Endless Days,' and her capacity for work in these demanding jobs shows her to be a true 'Saturday's Child' who works hard for a living. Again, she moves between insights about politics and her portfolios and her arrangements for the care of her family. What other ex-politician would write, 'As Minister of Citizenship and Immigration I was in a unique position to find domestic help' {m4), as part of her public recognition of the three women who made her 'endless day's in Ottawa possible by working as housekeepers for the Fairclough family. After leaving office, Fairclough began a new career in business, as Hydro commissioner, on boards, and in associations. She also continued to be a progressive force within her party, nominating Lincoln Alexander, who became the first Black Canadian to sit in the House of Commons in her old riding, and supporting Flora MacDonald and then Joe Clark for the party's leadership. She also wrote this memoir which, thanks to Margaret Conrad and the University of Toronto Press, whose editors certainly did know who she was, can help us better understand what political ife is like for those still too few women who experience it at the highest levels. JILL VICKERS Carleton University


In recent years an increasing number of therapists have come into contact with ex-cult members. Consequently there has been a renewed interest in various facets of intervention with this population. However, the effects of cult affiliation and disaffiliation on the cult member's family are not as well documented, particularly in Australia. This paper offers an overview of cult dynamics as well as some of the difficulties experienced by families whose loved one has had cult involvement. (author abstract)


One of the hallmarks of cancer, global gene expression alteration, is closely associated with the development and malignant characteristics associated with adult T‐cell leukemia (ATL) as well as other cancers. Here, we show that aberrant overexpression of the Ellis Van Creveld (EVC) family is responsible for cellular Hedgehog (HH) activation, which provides the pro‐survival ability of ATL cells. Using microarray, quantitative RT‐PCR and immunohistochemistry we have demonstrated that EVC is significantly upregulated in ATL and human T‐cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV‐1)‐infected cells. Epigenetic marks, including histone H3 acetylation and Lys4 trimethylation, are specifically accumulated at the EVC locus in ATL samples. The HTLV‐1 Tax participates in the coordination of EVC expression in an epigenetic fashion. The treatment of shRNA targeting EVC, as well as the transcription factors for HH signaling, diminishes the HH activation and leads to apoptotic death in ATL cell lines. We also showed that a HH signaling inhibitor, GANT61, induces strong apoptosis in the established ATL cell lines and patient‐derived primary ATL cells. Therefore, our data indicate that HH activation is involved in the regulation of leukemic cell survival. The epigenetically deregulated EVC appears to play an important role for HH activation. The possible use of EVC as a specific cell marker and a novel drug target for HTLV‐1‐infected T‐cells is implicated by these findings. The HH inhibitors are suggested as drug candidates for ATL therapy. Our findings also suggest chromatin rearrangement associated with active histone markers in ATL.


OF DISSERTATION A MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY INDEX FOR THE UNITED STATES A multidimensional poverty index for the United States is designed, evaluated, and defended as a useful measurement tool for policymakers to evaluate poverty. Chapter 1 presents a normative case for the index. Chapter 2 reviews the literature on poverty measures. Chapter 3 constructs the proposed index. Chapter 4 is a statistical examination of the internal structure of the index. Chapter 5 explores the index across states, over time, and among population subgroups, as well as presenting policy applications.


Dielectric optical microcavities have been explored as an excellent platform to manipulate the light flow and investigate non‐Hermitian physics in open optical systems. For whispering gallery mode optical microcavities, modifying the rotational symmetry is highly desirable for intriguing phenomena such as degenerated chiral modes and directional light emission. However, for the state‐of‐the‐art approaches, namely deforming the cavity geometry by precision lithography or introducing local scatterers near the cavity boundary via micromanipulation, there is a lack of flexibility in fine‐adjusting of chiral symmetry and far‐field emission direction. Here, precise engineering of cavity boundary using electron‐beam‐induced deposition is reported based on rolled‐up nanomembrane‐enabled spiral‐shaped microcavities. The deformation of outer boundary results in delicate tailoring of asymmetric backscattering between the outer and inner rolling edges, and hence deterministically strong mode chirality. Besides, the crescent‐shaped high‐index nanocap leads to modified light tunneling channels and inflected far‐field emission angle. It is envisioned that such a localized deposition‐assisted technique for adjusting the structural deformation of 3D optical microcavities will be highly useful for understanding rich insights in non‐Hermitian photonics and unfolding exotic properties on lasing, sensing, and cavity quantum electrodynamics.


Starting point of mathematical modeling are the equations of balance of mass and energy on the volume unit. Local flexions of density, drags and cross-sections of distributing mains are permited. The flexion of pressure is described by the known statement for computing the relations in tubes. The derived model is discussed in greater detail, considering possibilities of simplification. Examples are used to demonstrate the way to derive the equation for calculating the drags of flow configurations between the distributing mains


Effective condensation pyrazole as p38MAP kinase inhibitor, methods of using such compounds for the treatment of diseases via the method, and p38MAP kinase for preparing said compound.


Market days in Arguineguin, Puerto Mogan (Playa Mogan) and Mogan. In need of more retail therapy? Enjoy the excitement of haggling for a bargain? Come to the market and see what you can pick up.


A Fenchel dualization scheme for the one‐step time‐discretized elasto‐plastic contact problem with kinematic or isotropic hardening is considered. The associated path is induced by a combined Moreau‐Yosida / Tichonov regularization of the dual problem. The sequence of solutions to the regularized problems is shown to converge strongly to the solution of the original problem. This property relies on the density of the intersection of certain convex sets. The corresponding conditions are worked out and customary regularization approaches are shown to be valid in this context.


The patient, a 22-year-old unmarried girl, was admitted to the Royal Hospital, Sheffield, in coma on the night of 21 September 1971. Since her early teens she had been obsessed with her weight and had often dieted to lose weight. In 1970 she had seen her doctor for sudden loss of menses but no pelvic abnormality was noted. During December 1970 her appetite had decreased further and her weight had fallen from 7 stone lOlb (49 kg) to 6 stone 91b (44 kg). She was also vomiting after most meals. At Christmas 1970 she learned that her father had an inoperable carcinoma of the lung. On May 11 1971 she was referred for a psychiatric opinion with a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. X-ray films of her chest and skull were normal but she was pale and had mild glossitis. She was given amitriptyline (25 mg three times daily). Her appetite improved temporarily and she gained some weight (7 stone 41b) (46 kg). She returned to full-time work. Her employer, a physiologist, noticed that she had an excessive thirst, particularly for lemonade-she was drinking up to six litres daily-and that her anorexia had returned. She tested her urine but detected no glucose or albumin. She became weaker and lost more weight until her admission. Apart from her father, her family (mother and 13-year-old brother) were well. She had had "poliomyelitis" when she was 2 with admission to the local fever hospital, where a total white blood count of 68,000 cells/mm3 was found with considerable eosinophilia (this had returned to normal within six weeks). Her C.S.F. had been sterile, cells 10 lymphocyte/mm3, protein 250 mg/ 100 ml, glucose 60 mg/ 100 mnl. On 21 September 1971 she was emaciated (6 stone, 38 kg), comatose, very pale, with slightly cyanosed upper eyelids and a sore, red, dry mouth. Her temperature was 33°C, rising to 36'C three days later. Her fingers were shiny and slightly reddened, and the skin was inelastic. Her breasts were normally developed but her pubic and axillary hair was scanty. There was no lymphadenopathy. No focal signs were found in her central nervous system and both fundi were normal, but some observers thought there was neck stiffness. Her pulse was thin and thready, 120/min, regular. The blood pressure was 90/50 mm Hg. The results of cardiovascular (including electrocardiogram), respiratory, abdominal and rectal examinations were otherwise normal. The urine contained a trace of protein and some acetone but no glucose. There was a soft opacity in the right upper zone -on the x-ray filn (but this soon cleared and was thought to be inflammatory). Her skull x-ray film was normal. Her ekctroencephalogram showed widespread activity at 4 cycles. per second, and scarcely any alpha rhythm, but occasional abnormally slow delta rhythm which might be hypothalamic in origin. Further investigations are shown in the table. She was given 5% dextrose with hydrocortisone and L-thyroxine intravenously. The plasma sodium fell to 150 mEq/L. Her 24hour urine output was 6-8 1. but this fell to 1-5 1. (specific gravity 1030) when she was given a daily dose of 5 units of pitressin tannate in oil intramuscularly. Her blood pressure rose to 110/80 mm Hg. On 18 October she suddenly lost consciousness and had an epileptic fit. She recovered consciousness partially but developed right-sided hemiplegia. Her serum sodium gradually rose from 140 to 178 mEq/ ., while her urine 24-hour output varied between 2 and 3-5 litres. She died in coma on 1 Novenmber 1971.


Field survey of gastrointestinal helminths on rodents from family Muridae were conducted at five localities in
Western Sarawak from June 2013 until April 2014. A total of 31 host individuals comprising six species of
murids were examined for gastrointestinal helminths using opportunistic necropsy. The hosts examined were
Leopoldamys sabanus, Maxomys rajah, M. surifer, M. whiteheadi, Niviventer cremoriventer and Sundamys
muelleri. Of these host species, 186 individuals consisting of two taxonomic groups of helminths were
recovered, namely Nematoda and Cestoda. This study contributes to the growing literature on the infestation of
endoparasites in rodents especially in Sarawak.


This paper includes the performance of a Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems (FACTS) device, namely, STATic synchronous COMpensator (STATCOM) based on 6, 12, 24 and 48-pulse Voltage Source Converter (VSC), for the mitigation of voltage-dip caused by the starting of a high power induction motor. The different configuration of the STATCOM's implemented improves the voltage profile feeding to a high power induction motor at starting by injecting a controllable current to the supply line having an acceptable limit of harmonics as per the standards of IEEE. The capability of the STATCOM's to compensate the reactive power to the system when the voltage dip occurs due to starting of high power induction motor load is described. The 48-pulse VSC employed in the STATCOM injects an almost sinusoidal current of variable magnitude, in quadrature with the line voltage, thereby emulating an inductive or a capacitive reactance at the point of connection with the line and introduces a very less amount of harmonics in to the system. Author has developed all the multiple-pulse VSCbased STATCOM's and implemented it into a power-system consists a high power induction motor in MATLAB/Simulink environment to show the voltage-dip mitigation capability. The harmonic contents to be introduced by the different configurations of the STATCOM's are also shown by the author.


The purpose of the research was to investigate the optimum conditions for extraction of saponins in Radix Pseudostellariae by ultrasound-assisted extraction(UAE).Response surface methodology(RSM) based on Box-Behnken design(BBD) were employed in the experiment to analyze the main extraction parameters included UAE time,UAE power and ratio of liquid to solid.The content of saponins was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometer.The experiment shows that the optimum parameters for extraction of saponins in Rdix Pseudostellariae based on RSM were as follows:Ratio of liquid to solid was 16:1 mL/g; Supersonic power was 280 w; Extracting time was 38 min by UAE.The experimental process to extract of saponins in Radix Pseudostellariae based on UAE optimized by RSM has some advantages,such as higher efficiency,simpler extracting process,lower exhausting energy,etc.


This working document provides fishery indicators for the shortfin mako shark captured by the Portuguese pelagic longline fishery in the Indian Ocean, in terms of catches, effort, standardized CPUEs and size distribution. The analysis was based on data collected from fishery observers, skipper's logbooks (self sampling) and official logbooks collected between 1998 and 2016. The mean sizes were compared between years and seasons (quarters). The CPUEs were analyzed for the Indian Ocean and compared between years, and were modeled with tweedie GLM models for the CPUE standardization procedure. In general, there was a large variability in the nominal CPUE trends with the standardized CPUEs relatively similar to the nominal trends. In terms of size distributions there were some spatial trends with larger specimens tending to occur in the central and eastern areas and smaller specimens in the southwest Indian Ocean. The size distribution time series showed slight increases in mean sizes through time.


The paper has begun with discussing the principles and the significance of the constructing the data bank of special-featured literature.Then,in combination with the information resources of the library of Xiangfan University and the local advantages of the Xiangfan City,the paper has laid emphasis upon explaining the framework,process,methods and significance of constructing the data bank of special-featured literature.Besides,the problems that might arise in the construction of data banks of the same kind are also discussed in the paper.


The invention discloses automatic mending method for a character input, aims to provide an automatic mending method with a high speed for character input. The project is: 1) at least one sentence dictionary is arranged in the memory, the sentence dictionary stores sentence, symbols representing the sentence, or the mode series acquired by coding the symbol according to some rule and the information of relative sentence; 2) the user inputs character into the processor, the processor searches the sentence dictionary and matches the character inputted by the user and the character or mode series stored in the sentence dictionary; 3) mends the sentence automatically and feeds back to the monitor according to the matching result; 4) when the processor searches successfully, the user affirms the automatic mending result, the system is closed; when the search is failure, the former mended information disappears from the monitor, the automatic mending system close.


BACKGROUND: At a large academic teaching hospital, there are a variety of physicians and midlevel providers at the point of initial contact, and the extent of supervision of specifically trained oncology personnel may vary based on time of admission. Patients with acute leukemia may present with high risk disease processes that must be recognized and require prompt intervention to reduce both morbidity and short-term mortality. This is a retrospective review of the delivery of care at admission and key clinical outcomes for high risk patients presenting with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) based on time of admission. The hypothesis of this study was that high risk patients with AML or ALL admitted overnight may have significant delays in management of the complications of acute leukemia with subsequent increases in morbidity and short-term mortality. METHODS: An institutional electronic database was queried to identify patients with ICD9 codes specific for AML/ALL. Inclusion criteria consisted of adults >18 years admitted to a single institution from 2010-2013. Key clinical data were then abstracted from the electronic medical records including lab values, time of admission (Daytime: 7am-8pm vs Nightime: 8pm-7am), and specific clinically important outcomes (time to specific therapy, time to chemotherapy, length of stay, ICU length of stay, organ failure, and mortality). Patients were categorized as high risk if they met established criteria requiring specific intervention [hyperleukocytosis defined as WBC >50 10^9/L, hyperuricemia defined as uric acid >8 mg/dL, and clinical suspicion for acute promyleocytic leukemia (APL)]. Variables with binary outcomes were tested for association with overnight admission using Fisher9s exact test. All other variables were tested using the Wilcoxon two-group test. RESULTS: Between 2010 and 2013, 161 patients with AML/ALL were included in our analysis. Of those, 66 were classified as high risk (Table 1). In the high risk patients there were no significant differences in time to intervention based on time of admission including patients presenting with hyperleukocytosis and time to hydroxyurea administration (p=.32), patients presenting with hyperuricemia and time to allopurinol administration (p=.71) or rasburicase administration (p=.22), and in time to tretinoin (ATRA) administration in patients presenting with APL (p=.23). Time to definitive chemotherapy was significantly less for high risk patients admitted overnight (overnight median=48 hours, day median=56 hours, p=.042). However, rates of mechanical ventilation (p=.09), vasopressor usage (p=.37), and renal failure (p=.43) appeared similar between the groups. Additionally, length of stay (p=.83) and ICU length of stay (p=.44) was not significantly different for the two groups. 30-day mortality did not statistically differ between the two groups (overnight=19.4%, daytime=20%, p=.57). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first comprehensive analysis of the impact of the time of admission of acute leukemia patients at an academic tertiary cancer hospital, to our knowledge. Interestingly, nighttime admissions did not appear to significantly impact time to key clinical interventions or clinical outcomes in high risk patients admitted with acute leukemia. Although time to definitive chemotherapy was found to be significantly less in patients admitted overnight, confounding variables such as severity of illness at the time of admission may have impacted this analysis, and 30-day mortality rates were similar. Overall, this data supports the triage of patients with newly diagnosed or suspected acute leukemia to tertiary care centers as soon as possible. Disclosures Foster: Celgene: Research Funding.


The Chinese ilex is chosen as raw material, from which Flavonoid is isolated and purified by 2SI-106A type macroporous resin after microwave fragmentation and back-flow extraction. The study mainly focuses on the factors including water-content, variety of solvents and microwave time length and frequency, which influence extraction ratio differentially. The result is that the extraction ratio of Flavonoid can reach 96.3% under the condition as follows: water content 20%, 30 seconds microwave treatment for 3 times, 1∶6 and 1∶4 material liquid ratio for 1 hour, then 50% alcohol elution in 2SI(-106A) type macroporous resin isolation. And in purified product, the recover ratio is 4.38%, in which the content of Flavonoid is 25.7%.


This article, as the fourth in the cycle, presents the conclusions of the research project analysing marketing activities of Polish Catholic opinion-forming weeklies on the chosen social media platforms. This paper aims at presenting the results of the study on the use of Instagram and YouTube as marketing tools by the aforementioned weeklies. The authors focus on such topics as: (1) social media as a way of creating and distributing media products; (2) social media as a way of commercialising the content; (3) social media as carriers of marketing communication (including self-promotion). The empirical research is based on case studies and the content analysis of the social media profiles of the five selected magazines (Gość Niedzielny (GN), Tygodnik Katolicki Niedziela (TKN), Przewodnik Katolicki (PK), Idziemy (I) and Tygodnik Rodzin Katolickich Źródło (TRKŹ)). It can be concluded that some Catholic weeklies manage their accounts in a moderately professional way, using their visual and distribution potential and some functions of the platforms quite efficiently. On the other hand, they do not apply a regular and purposeful self-promotion strategy, do not use important mechanisms of the platforms such as the Shop and IGTV (on Instagram), and do not consistently build a profile or create playlists on YouTube.


The properties of the electron and photon beams from a 22 MeV clinical microton are presented. Favourable isodose distributions for radiation therapy are obtained for both modalities. For the electron beam this is accomplished using a dual scattering foil system in which the secondary foil is shaped to optimize uniformity and minimize energy loss and energy straggling. The photon beam is flattened by a composite filter to produce dose distributions of high uniformity over a wide depth interval.


In view of the facts that when a recipe has been found working it will continue to work and that, in physics, the equations of superseded theories usually remain useful, the statement made by some epistemologists that science is not cumulative is difficult to understand. Some might try to relate its validity to a "principle" according to which, to be "really scientific" a theory must be such that the set of its basic laws does not explicitly refer to us and the predictions we issue. But it will be shown that if this principle is consistently adhered to quantum physics must be taken to be a non-scientific theory. Since this conclusion is absurd the "principle" should be rejected, and science viewed as cumulative.


The monospores of Auricularia polytricha were collected.2 monokaryon strains were mated by random.At first,the hybrids with clamp connection were selected by microscopy.Then hybrids were confirmed by antagonism experiments and esterase isozyme analysis.In the end,hybrids were cultivated.It's indicated that hybrids could be obtained easily from intraspecific cross,which also had good fruiting ability.


This study aims to determine whether there is an application of Islamic business ethics in the Ayam Bakar Wong Solo Samarinda. This type of research is a qualitative study that used descriptive analysis, which describes the data collected by researchers both from interviews and documentation during conducting research in the Ayam Bakar Wong Solo Samarinda . The result s of this study indicate that business ethics carried out in general is in accordance with business ethics taught in Islam. Business ethics run by the restaurant can be seen from the way they work honestly, communicating kindly, straight to their pray, working hard in providing the best service, helping each other at work, maintaining punctuality, and helping others in need.


Among the numerous point vapor sources, microsecond-pulsed spark ablation at atmospheric pressure is a versatile and environmentally friendly method for producing ultrapure inorganic nanoparticles ranging from singlets having sizes smaller than 1 nm to larger agglomerated structures. Due to its fast quenching and extremely high supersaturation, coagulational growth already begins at the atomic scale at room temperature. On the basis of this knowledge, we develop a simple semiempirical yet versatile model for predicting the size distribution of singlet particles as a function of the process conditions. The model assumes that a plume of a turbulent aerosol flow flares out from a concentrated point source, eventually reaching the walls of the confinement where a fraction of the particles is deposited. Despite the complexity of the entire process, the concentration and size evolution of particles can be adequately described by a first-order differential equation accounting for coagulation, turbulent dilution,...


Most geoscience undergraduate courses are technical with little regard to social responsibility and sustainable development implications. Workshop outcomes have suggested that the introduction of this content into their studies is necessary so that they can apply their technical knowledge in a responsible way. In regard to the extractive industry where most geoscientists in resource rich countries are employed, the industry's record of social and environmental impact with non–sustainable outcomes, particularly in developing countries are evident. Important extractive industry issues such as sustainable development, corporate social responsibility, social license to operate and free, prior and informed consent for Indigenous People have attracted great attention and scrutiny in the development of industry and government policy and rightful concerns from all stakeholders. There are very few examples of these responsibility and sustainability subjects being introduced in undergraduate geoscience education except in some environmental courses in universities in North America, Europe and Australia/New Zealand, but not so well established in developing countries where there is a greater need for this content.


Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor (CNFET) is a promising new technology that overcomes several limitations of traditional silicon integrated circuit technology. In recent years, the potential of CNFET for analog circuit applications has been explored. This paper proposes a novel four quadrant analog multiplier design using CNFETs. The simulation based on 32nm CNFET technology shows that the proposed multiplier has very low harmonic distortion (<0.45%), large input range ({\pm}400mV), large bandwidth (~50GHz) and low power consumption (~247{\mu}W), while operating at a supply voltage of {\pm}0.9V.


Scott (1987) has proposed an intrinsic "α/β(i)" ratio which should "include the oxygen status of the tissue concerned", i.e. the ratio needs to be corrected in regard to OER.


The current work' objective is the design of an Integral rehabilitation unit of antipersonnel mine victims and reinserted into civil life. Starting from the modeling of the strategic platform, the market analysis, technical and financial study, to establish its viability using simulators and concepts of project and financial formulation including the analysis of indicators and thus determine the sustainability of the business, its scope and the identification of risks when deciding to invest in a proposal like this. It also pursues the application of strategic concepts acquired throughout the Specialization in Health Management with Emphasis on Social Security at the Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, to strengthen the knowledge and conclusion of the formation process of the established programs.


The Corona Virus, also known as COVID-19 (Corona Virus Diseases 2019), is a very common infection these days. Currently, all fields are related to COVID-19, including the field of language that highlights the use of terms used in everyday communication, in prevention and treatment efforts, and the tools used that are widely emerging. Some of these terms, some of which have been around for a long time but whose use is becoming popular at this time, are also new terms that emerged during the Coronavirus outbreak. The emergence of these linguistic terms shows that language is productive and dynamic so that its development is appropriate and in line with the situation and conditions that occur. The linguistic term related to COVID-19 appears as a description of what is happening and an expression of an effort to prevent the spread of the Coronavirus. However, behind the function of language as a very basic communication tool, namely the description of something or what is happening, there are also language polemics such as negligence in the use of terms and cultural puns that can be interpreted negatively by the interlocutor. This research is qualitative descriptive research using the discourse analysis method. The data obtained are interpreted by involving language theory. From the results of the analysis, at least many things related to language that have emerged related to COVID-19 include word forms, phrases, acronyms, patient status domains, actions, equipment, and regions. In addition, several polemics have also emerged, such as the categorization of linguistic symbols, the omission of symbols, and cultural play.


There are some quotations of "Shilang Han" in Annotation of Xunzi created by Yang Jing in Tang Dynasty,and "Shilang Han" should be Han Yu.There were some gains and losses in Han Yu's annotation.Xunzi and Han Yu had some similarities in the argument modes of the theory of human nature.


Reconstruction equivalent chirp (REC) technique is widely used in the design and fabrication of semiconductor laser arrays and tunable lasers with low cost and high wavelength accuracy. Bent waveguide is a promising method to suppress the zeroth order resonance, which is an intrinsic problem in REC technique. However, it may introduce basic grating chirp and deteriorate the single longitudinal mode (SLM) property of the laser. A nonlinear equivalent chirp pattern is proposed in this paper to compensate the grating chirp and improve the SLM property. It will benefit the realization of low-cost Distributed feedback (DFB) semiconductor laser arrays with accurate lasing wavelength.


A new method was proposed by imposing a rotating electromagnetic field during horizontal continuous casting of thin-walled cupronickel tube billets. The effects of electromagnetic field on the surface quality, solidification structure and mechanical properties were investigated experimentally by use of BFe10-1-1 alloy. The results show that, when the electromagnetic field was applicated, the flowability and filling capacity of cupronickel alloy are increased, the surface cracks are eliminated, and the thin-walled cupronickel tube billets with smooth surface can be obtained due to the increase of flowability and filling capacity of cupronickel alloy. The solidification structure of the tube billets is evidently refined, the shape of Ni-rich phase changes from needle-like to bulk and the casting stress declines from 7.2 to 0.32 MPa. With the structure improving, the tensile strength and elongation increase by 5% and 36%, respectively, than those of ordinary continuously cast tube billets.


Background and Objectives: One of the annoying side effects of spinal anesthesia in cesarean section surgery is the post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) which occurs 2 to 5 days after the surgery. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of bilateral occipital nerve block (GONB) in the treatment of PDPH after cesarean section surgery. Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 74 pregnant women who underwent cesarean section with spinal anesthesia in 2017 and referred to Rafsanjan Pain Clinic with PDPH, were randomly assigned into two groups of 37. In the first group, GONB treatment was done by bupivacaine and dexamethasone and the second group received oral drug treatment with acetaminophen and pregabalin. Patients in either group were evaluated for headache severity before intervention, 1, 6 and 24 hours after intervention. Data was analyzed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The results of the statistical test showed that the interaction effect of the type of treatment and the time of the evaluation of the headache was statistically significant (F=130.912, p<0.001). This means that the rate of headache reduction during the study period was significantly higher in the GONB group than in the oral treatment ones. Conclusion: According to the results, despite the effectiveness of both therapies, the effect of GONB on reducing headache severity was greater than that of medication. It seems that GONB can be used as an effective alternative to PDPH treatment.


[Objective]To understand the hygienic status in song and dance hall in Ji'ning,provide scientific basis for supervision and inspection.[Methods]Hygienic investigation was conducted in 17 song and dance halls from January to December,2005.Air samples were tested.[Results]The temperature and relative humidity in 17 places tested were up to standard.The qualified rate of illuminance,noise,CO and CO2 concentration,total amount of bacteria was 90.91%、86.36%、93.18%、93.18% and 95.43% respectively.It was 16.67%、25.00%、62.50%、29.17% and 70.83% respectively in 6 disco halls.[Conclusion]Supervision and inspection to song and dance halls in Ji'ning should be strengthened,especially to Disco halls,regular sterilization should be put into effect.


Based on the generalization of Hermite-Biehler theorem,the stable regions of proportional gain of PID(proportion integration differentiation) controller can be determined by inverse Nyquist curve of second-order object with time delay.The parameter stable regions can be determined by inequalities in the integral and differential gain plane.Thus a new approach is given to determine PID controller parameter stable regions of second-order time delay system.On this basis,for performance of stability margins,the corresponding approach of PID controller parameter stable regions is also given.The simulation examples demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach.


Lymphoid leukosis in chickens is a disease which arises from the result of complicated interaction between avian leukosis virus (ALV) as a pathogenic organism and chicken as a host. This report is intended to outline our present knowledge about genetic resistance of chickens in lymphoid leukosis. The defense of host in infectious disease could be considered dividing it into two: one as a working defense when a virus infects and the other as a working defense when a disease arises. Also in the case of lymphoid leukosis it could be considered in dividing into two by recent progress of study on avian tumor virology. ALV is closely related to Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) in chemical as well as biological properties, and they are the members of avian leukovirus as classified by Fenner.4) The recent studies have· revealed that all the avian leukovirus share common antigen of core proteins and they could be divided into four subgroups (A, B, C, D,) by the difference in characteristics of the enve~ lope : these four subgroups are classified by the neutralizing test which reflects the function of surface· of virion, and by the specificity in host range and in interference pattern. It is also an important feature of avian leukovirus that they readily produce phenotypic mixers between the viruses belonging to different subgroups by their coinf ection. For example, if subgroups A and B virus infect together a single cell, a virus which has genome of subgroup A and envelope of subgroup B, and a virus which has genome of subgroup B and envelope of subgroup A etc. are formed, not to mention that each virus is formed independently, of which a special example is a virus called pseudotype of RSV which has genome of RSV and envelope of ALV of each subgroup. As the characteristics of the virus control led by envelope are all the same· with those of ALV which offers envelope, they are used as indicator viruses to examine the antigenicity and the host range of each ALV.


We present SMM coronagraph/polarimeter observations of the coronal transient of March 15–16, 1980, which show a bright front convex toward the sun propagating out through the corona at 175 km s−1. A fan-shaped bright region connecting this front to the inner corona collapses into a narrow bright ray over the next few hours. We interpret these observations as resulting from the disconnection of magnetic loops from the underlying prominencelike loop structures seen rising earlier in the event. Other similar "inverted arches" exist in the C/P data but are usually seen with poorer temporal resolution.


A procedure for priming an arterial heat pump is reported; the procedure also has a means for maintaining the pump in a primed state. This concept utilizes a capillary driven jet pump to create the necessary suction to fill the artery. Basically, the jet pump consists of a venturi or nozzle-diffuser type constriction in the vapor passage. The throat of this venturi is connected to the artery. Thus vapor, gas, liquid, or a combination of the above is pumped continuously out of the artery. As a result, the artery is always filled with liquid and an adequate supply of working fluid is provided to the evaporator of the heat pipe.


Modern anthracological research with lots of technical equipment and physical and chemical measurements seems to be a fairly young subject in science. However, the technical literature of the Renaissance and the Baroque is full of hints concerning anthracological investigation, long before microscopes and computers where in use. The most amazing comments were written by Vannoccio Biringuccio in 1540. He wrote about charcoal which was found in ruins more than 400 years old. One page before this he describes that there is a visible difference between the sizes and qualities of wood and several techniques of carbonisation. Of course these observations were not used for answering questions like ours today. The main interest in research about charcoal concerned the search for the best charcoal for different technical processes. On the whole the old literature contains a broad knowledge about the possibilities of using charcoal. This knowledge could be interesting and useful today for interpreting anthracological samples from pre-industrial working-places.


An auto-control system of feeding machine for ponds is designed and manufactured witch applying single microcomputer. The paper introduces its principle and design of hardware and software. Feeding parameters can been set by plucking number sign switch. AC motor and DC motor can been controlled by single microcomputer. Experiment results indicate: the system can fit for the demands of feeding fish scientifically.


This paper studies the steady-state performance of a system that stabilizes the beam position in optical waveguides. We have constrained the system to make only a single fixed amount of correction in the beam position at any given lens. We consider a symmetric corrector capable of correcting both positive and negative errors at any given lens and an unsymmetric corrector capable of correcting only positive errors at any given lens. We give the results from our studies of the performance of these systems when the lens misalignment forms a wave at the guide resonant spatial frequency, ω o , and from our simulation of 5,000 confocal guides which were subjected to uncorrelated lens misalignment. We also derive an approximate sťatistical theory relating the root mean square beam displacement to the root mean square lens misalignment. We relate systems where correction occurs at every lens to systems where correction can occur only at every nth lens.


In overcoming the problems and difficulties faced by most students in learning to listen, several experts and specialists in teaching English find out the most effective approaches, methods, and techniques to help students learn to listen. This study aims to analyze the effect of using podcasts in the English listening method on students' listening comprehension. The method used is a quantitative method with an experimental research design with data collection instruments Pre-Test and Post-Test. The test is taken from the TOEFL IBT. The test consists of six topics with thirty questions. The sampling technique used is the purposive sampling technique, selected 30 students of the English Study Program as the sample. Data were analyzed statistically using a t-test. The results of this study indicate; The average of the Pre-test students was 27.80 while the average of the Post-Test students was 36.38. After the test results were analyzed, it was found that the post-test mean value was more significant than the pre-test mean value and indicated that the t-count (4.535) was more significant than the t-table (2.756) at a significance level of 1%. Thus, the alternative hypothesis is accepted, and the null hypothesis is rejected. Based on these results, it can be seen that the effect of using podcasts in learning English develops students' listening comprehension.


The quality of products and services greatly depends on the development process. Nowadays more and more organizations transformed themselves from functionally oriented to process-based entities. And with the development of economic and technology, the social division of labor intensifies and virtual organization emerged in the past years. Such organizations always have several transregional departments. Due to the characteristics of such organizations, the process management and improvement are different from traditional organizations. How to manage and improve process in these organizations is an important and difficult problem. This paper gives a solution of process management and improvement in Web age for such organizations. A Web-based framework of process definition, practice and improvement in virtual organizations is given first, and then we devote ourselves into solving the problems in the process management and improvement.


AIM
Periodontitis is considered as infection in periodontal supporting structure leading to tooth mobility and ulcerated periodontal pockets. The present study was conducted to assess Sirtuin 3 (SIRT 3) and SIRT 4 level in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and periodontitis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The present study was conducted on 60 subjects. Subjects were divided into four groups, groups I to IV. Each group comprised of 15 subjects. In all subjects, fasting blood glucose level was assessed. Plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival index (GI), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured. The SIRT 3 and SIRT 4 were estimated by Western blot analysis.

RESULTS
In group I, mean age was 44.13 ± 1.35 years, in group II, it was 43.53 ± 1.45 years, in group III it was 43.93 ± 1.22 years, and in group IV, it was 44.47 ± 0.74 years. The mean BOP score was significantly higher in group IV (5.74 ± 0.30) compared with group I (1.92 ± 0.44), group II (2.25 ± 0.22), and group III (5.31 ± 0.54). A statistically significant (p < 0.001) difference was observed in mean PI score in group I (2.25 ± 0.23), group II (2.26 ± 0.13), group III (4.37 ± 0.60), and group IV (3.25 ± 0.16). Mean GI score was significantly higher in group IV (8.89 ± 0.89) as compared with group I (0.78 ± 0.23), group II (0.95 ± 0.18), and group III (8.69 ± 1.13). A statistically significant difference was seen in mean CAL in group III (5.66 ± 0.64) and group IV (6.37 ± 0.30). Mean fasting blood sugar (mg/dL) in group I was 80.40 ± 13.05, in group II, it was 160.40 ± 27.20, in group III, it was 77.00 ± 12.78, and in group IV, it was 264.20 ± 53.17. The nonsignificant mean expression of SIRT 3 was seen in group I (29.20 ± 3.14), group II (29.19 ± 2.18), group III (28.89 ± 2.77), and group IV (29.59 ± 5.82). In group I, the mean level of SIRT 4 was 28.93 ± 12.55, in group II, it was 28.82 ± 9.14, in group III, it was 28.88 ± 6.03, and in group IV, it was 29.05 ± 10.68.

CONCLUSION
Association of DM and periodontitis is well known. The SIRT 3 and SIRT 4 are useful indicators of glycemic level in patients with DM.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
The SIRT 3 and SIRT 4 in DM show variation in their level. Early assessment may be proved beneficial in patients who are not responding to other drugs.


Quantum dot based light emitters can be used as sources of nonclassical light. We focus on the theory of InAs/GaAs quantum dots embedded in a two dimensional wetting layer at low electrical pump currents but strongly correlated electron-photon dynamics. For this purpose a self-consistent theory of transport and emission is developed. A substantial carrier heating in such devices is predicted and the relation of electrical pumping and single photon emission is analyzed within the photon-probability-cluster-expansion.


The " discovery " of penicillin by Fleming in 1928 and its dramatic production, urged on by the necessities of war, heralded a new era of therapeutics. It has changed the pattern of disease the prognosis of infections, the expectation of life, indeed, it has changed the whole human ecology. Before the discovery of penicillin, there were many early descriptions of the characteristics and properties of the penicillia and other moulds. Mycologically penicillium had been so described for 170 years, but in history and prehistory the characteristic green mould had been long associated with bad air, death, and putrefaction. The name Penicillium was first given to a genus of fungi by Link in his Observationes in 1809. The genus was described briefly and three species enumerated Penicillium glaucum, Penicillium candidum and Penicillium expansum. It is not possible from nineteenth-century descriptions to identify the moulds P. glaucum or P. candidum except to recognise the familiar " penicillus " or brush characteristic of the penicillia. It is regrettable that Link and sub¬ sequent workers abandoned the use of the term P. expansum to differentiate some of the peni¬ cillia and called all the green penicillia moulds Penicillium glaucum! Thus the use of this nomen¬ clature in early scientific papers gives no indication ofthe true identity ofthe Penicillium described. The antibacterial activity of some green moulds belonging to the genus Penicillium had been known to investigators at least since the nineteenth century and this is also true of various spore-forming and non-spore-forming organisms. There were early and albeit crude attempts to use therapeutically the antibiotic effects of some micro-organisms, for many had perceived the possibility of using this natural function of conflicting microbes. Pasteur and Joubert (1877) inoculated bacteria into animals with anthrax; Cantani (1885) introduced Bacterium termo into the lungs of tuberculous patients whilst Gasperini reported the antagonistic effects of some of the actinomycetes. " Pyocyanase " an antibacterial agent was extracted from cultures of Pseudomonas by Emmerich and Law (1899) and a "streptothrix" with bacteriolytic action was prepared by the sterile filtration of an actinomycete by Gratia and Dath in 1924 and later by Welsh. Nineteenth-century research in England The bacteriolytic properties of Penicillium were noted by Sturli (1908) and the lytic properties by Gratia in 1925 but the first scientific observations of the antagonistic actions of various micro-organisms were made long before, in England, in the preceding century by William Roberts of Manchester (1874) and John Tyndall of London (1876). Roberts described his experiments and observed that bacteria would not grow easily in prepared media covered with Penicillium glaucum. Two years later Tyndall gave a detailed account of the antagonism between moulds and bacteria and the antibacterial properties of the penicillia moulds.


Mesoporous 80TiO2·20SiO2 and TaNbO5 composite molecular sieves are reported to be successfully synthesized by a sol-gel method from Ti(OCH(CH3)2)4,Si(OC2H5)4,Ta(OC2H5)5 and Nb(OC2H5)5.XRD results indicate that the mesostructures of as-synthesized samples are highly ordered.After calcination at 550 ℃ to remove the template molecules,the mesoporous structures still maintain good ordering degree.On calcination,anatase nano-crystallites are produced in the 80TiO2·20SiO2 composites,whereas TaNbO5 still retain amorphous.Under the UV light irradiation,the mesoporous 80TiO2·20SiO2 and TaNbO5 composites exhibit high photocatalytic activities to the decomposition of H2S.The photocatalytic decomposition activity of H2S on the mesoporous 80TiO2·20SiO2 is 16 times higher than that on the non-porous 80TiO2·20SiO2.


In this paper, we establish a class of retarded iterated inte gral inequalities, which includes a nonconstant term outsi de the integrals. By adopting novel analysis techniques, the uppe r bound of the embedded unknown function is estimated explic itly. The derived result can be applied in the study of solutions of ord inary differential equations and integral equations.


Microwave absorbers are effective for protecting and reducing electromagnetic-wave reflection to solve electromagnetic interference (EMI) in communication and sensing applications. In this paper, we report and discuss performance of microwave absorbers with fabric form in operational frequency of S-band. The absorber consists of knitted metal wired with small and thin structures. It has lightweight, flexible, and transparent characteristics. Based on the structure, the absorber can be operated to overcome electromagnetic-wave noises in microwave electronic devices. In order to know the performance of the microwave absorbers, the reflection characterization of the absorbers is analyzed. As the results, the microwave absorber can be operated in S-band regions with reflection loss of −0.357 dB at 3.2 GHz frequency.


A mathematical model has been formulated, solely through the use of the mathematical statistics, for the purpose of predicting river water quality without reference to the causal chemical, biological and physical relationships. In a sense, this is a "black box" approach wherein with a known input, one may reliably predict the output. The use of a main force statistical method for predicting river-water quality can provide accurate predictive information with a minimum of time and money expended if a sufficiently large data base is available for the river system in question. What has been lacking in the past is a model which is not only statistically significant but contains only those water quality parameters which contribute significantly to the estimation of the dependent variable. The model which is herein described discusses the formulation procedure, data collection requirements, model hypothesis testing and significance procedures, and finally validation methods employed in verifying the final model equations. A description of how the simulated results are employed in the forecasting procedure is also developed.


The rationale of the research topic is determined by the importance of public administration instruments for the housing and utility services sector in the country. In this article, we considered theoretical and practical aspects of modern electronic technology used to improve the public administration of H&U and the principal trends in their development. We analyzed the "Smart H&U" system: its content, targets, value, advantages, along with the current practice of implementing this project and its results. We detailed the concept of the state information system for H&U (SIS H&U) and studied the legal foundations of the creation and operation of SIS H&U. We analyzed the importance of the state information system for ensuring the openness, accessibility and transparency of activities in the housing and utility services sector. The author listed the prospects and advantages of this system.


[Objective]Observed warming acupuncture treatment of knee osteoarthritis.[Method]Using randomized controlled method,60 cases of outpatient and inpatient were randomly divided into two groups.Control group of 30 patients with simple acupuncture.Acupoints: Dubi,crane top,a sea of blood,knee,Yin Ling Quan,Yang Ling Quan,Zusanli,the Commission yang.Operation: with a diameter of 0.30mm,length 40mm mm needle into the points,lifting and thrusting line twisting tactics.Treatment group 30 cases acupoints and operating practices with the control group,after the gas,plus the needle shank diameter 10mm,length 15mm from the top of ignited moxa cone until after burning moxa cone,remain the needle 10~15min.5d is a continuous course of treatment.Observation of clinical symptoms and adverse reactions.Four cycles of continuous treatment,to determine efficacy.[Results]Treatment group,6 cases were cured,25 cases markedly effective in 8 cases,2 cases,the total efficiency of 95.12%.Control group,3 cases were cured,20 cases markedly effective in 12 cases,5 cases,the total efficiency of 87.50%.Treatment group than the control group(P0.01).[Conclusion]Warm acupuncture treatment of knee osteoarthritis efficacy,its symptoms,signs of improvement in joint function and return to normal activity,than the control group.


Li, Gaojin PhD, Purdue University, December 2016. Hydrodynamics of Swimming Microorganisms in Complex Fluids. Major Professor: Arezoo M. Ardekani, School of Mechanical Engineering. Swimming motion of microorganisms, such as spermatozoa, plankton, algae and bacteria, etc., ubiquitously occurs in nature. It affects many biological processes, including reproduction, infection and the marine life ecosystem. The hydrodynamic effects are important in microorganism swimming, their nutrient uptake, fertilization, collective motions and formation of colonies. In nature, microorganisms have evolved to use various fascinating ways for locomotion and transport. Different designs are also developed for the locomotion of artificial nanoand microswimmers. In this study, we use several different computational models to investigate the behavior of microswimmers. Microorganisms typically swim in the low Reynolds number regime, where inertia is negligible. They interact with each other, surfaces and external flow field. Microorganisms often swim in complex fluids, exhibiting non-Newtonian behavior, including viscoelasticity and shear-thinning viscosity. These biological materials contain network of glycoprotein fibers and gel-like polymers. Therefore on the scale of microorganisms, their fluid environments are heterogeneous rather than homogenous. In this study, we develop a computational platform to investigate swimming motion of a single and multiple microorganism(s) in the bulk fluid and near surfaces in complex fluids. We also investigate the role of fluid rheological properties and flow field on the migration of inert particles in a channel flow of viscoelastic fluids.


We are now nearing the end of the period set out in the Dayton Agreement on the former Yugoslavia for implementation of the treaty s major provisions. As High Representative for Bosnia‐Herzegovina, Carl Bildt has been at the centre of the implementation process, and here he sets out both what has been achieved so far and all that remains to be done With so much attention given to the milltary aspects of the, peace much has yet to be settled on the civilian return, to normality and the creation of a viable national infrastrcture for Bosnia. He highlights in pearticular the importance or the elections, setting up common institutions and the mechanisms of power sharing. Having committed, so much to bringing peace to the area, Carl Bildt believes that the international: community must follow through on that commitment to ensure the investment is not squandered. While the military may: want a secured exit strategy there is a need for a long‐term political entry strategy to integrate the whole region into the f...


Many applications have growing demands for memory, particularly in the HPC space, making the memory system a potential bottleneck of next-generation computing systems. Sharing the memory system across processor sockets and nodes becomes a compelling argument given that memory technology is scaling at a slower rate than processor technology. Moreover, as many applications rely on shared data, e.g., graph applications and database workloads, having a large number of nodes accessing shared memory allows for efficient use of resources and avoids duplicating huge files, which can be infeasible for large graphs or scientific data. As new memory technologies come on the market, the flexibility of upgrading memory and system updates become major a concern, disaggregated memory systems where memory is shared across different computing nodes, e.g., System-on-Chip (SoC), is expected to become the most common design/architecture on memory-centric systems, e.g., The Machine project from HP Labs. However, due to the nature of such systems, different users and applications compete for the available memory bandwidth, which can lead to severe contention due to memory traffic from different SoCs. In this paper, we discuss the contention problem in disaggregated memory systems and suggest mechanisms to ensure memory fairness and enforce QoS. Our simulation results show that employing our proposed QoS techniques can speed up memory response time by up to 55%.


P-selectin, a member of the selectin family, is a vascular cell adhesion molecule. It is expressed and stored in alpha granules of platelets and in Weibel-Palade bodies of endothelial cells, and upon activation, P-selectin is translocated/transferred to the membrane surface. A key function of the P-selectin is to mediate leukocyte, lymphocyte and platelet interactions in inflammation and possibly in the thrombus formation. A soluble variant, S-Psel, comprising the extracellular domain of P-selectin, has been identified in healthy individuals, but is markedly elevated in patient with vascular disorders. Recent work on S-Psel suggested that S-Psel may play a role in hemostasis/coagulation through the generation of procoagulant TF-bearing microparticles (MP), and therefore, has potential in treating patients with the bleeding disorders, like hemophilia. The aim of this study is to verify studies reporting that S-Psel exhibits in vitro and in vivo pro-coagulant activity. S-Psel and S-Psel-Fc (IgG) fusion were purchased commercially or prepared at Novo Nordisk Research US (NNRUS) and their biological activity was verified by P-selectin/Pselectin glycoprotein ligand-1(PSGL-1) interaction in vitro . The clotting times of human whole blood and plasma treated with S-Psel or S-Psel-Fc, or with an irrelevant human IgG control protein, were measured by thromboelastography and aggregometry respectively. After up to 8 hours of incubation with S-Psel and S-Psel-Fc at a concentration of 15ug/ml, we found no significant difference between samples treated with S-Psel, S-Psel-Fc and the IgG controls. The ability of S-Psel to generate TF-bearing microparticles in human whole blood was examined in a FXa substrate cleavage assay; however, no significant difference in cleavage was observed. Finally, we evaluated S-Psel in vivo. Hemophilia A mice were injected with recombinant mouse S-Psel-IgG or S-Psel-Fc (IgG) at the concentration of 1.2 mg/Kg body weight and human IgG was used as control. As suggested from published results, the effect of S-Psel was determined 6 h after the treatment. Contrary to previous reports, the results revealed no significant difference in bleed time and blood loss between the experimental and control group. In conclusion, we were unable to demonstrate the procoagulant activity of S-Psel in our laboratory either in vitro or in vivo .


The method of inflating the stomach described below seems absurdly simple, yet I have found it of much practical value. Procedure.— The patient is placed on the examining table, the abdomen exposed, a towel arranged under the chin and a siphon of carbonated water rested on the shoulder with the nozzle at the patient's lips. These instructions are given: "I wish you to drink some of this carbonated water in order to get some gas into the stomach, which will swell it a little and help my examination. Please manage the siphon yourself; drink very slowly at first so as not to choke yourself and then drink as rapidly as you can. I will tell you when to stop." The average patient will thus take eight ounces or more without difficulty. In favorable cases even half this amount will bring the outline of the stomach clearly into view, while the


Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) beta, (RhoGDI2), has been identified as a proto-oncogene that is upregulated in human cancers, but the role of RhoGDI2 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the RhoGDI2 expression level in HCC tissues and the function of RhoGDI2 in HCC cell growth and metastasis. We examined the RhoGDI2 mRNA expression level in 64 sets of HCC tissue and their adjacent nontumor tissue counterparts using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. In vitro proliferation and invasion assays were conducted to determine the effect of RhoGDI2 on the ability of HCC cells to proliferate and invade, respectively. Western blot analysis was conducted to examine expression levels of RhoGDI2p-AKT, MMP-2, and MMP-9 in HCC cells. RhoGDI2 mRNA was significantly overexpressed in the HCC specimens compared with the nonneoplastic liver specimens, and the RhoGDI2 mRNA and protein levels were higher in the HCC cell lines, especially the highly metast...


This article focuses on the applications of the extrusion materials and cold extrusion technology in manufacturing technology of driving cord.The problems of the four pumping uint drive cords can not stress at one time are solved.And the key problem of drive cord's rupture caused by local organizations material internal changes is solved at the same time.After detailed analysis and experiments,the original zinc alloy technology is improved to cold-extruded technology which has good process results.


Nanosheet materials have recently attracted the attention of researchers because of their unique physical properties. In the present study, we have reported a novel methodology to fabricate isolate...


Although ethics education within the business curriculum has been receiving attention, much is unknown about the effectiveness of such education, particularly when it is integrated into the curriculum. This study looks at selected short‐term effects produced by one form of integrated ethics instruction in an introductory marketing course in a graduate business MBA program in the United States. Specifically, students were introduced to an examination of consumer culture as a unifying framework to explore the ethics of decision making. As a consequence of taking the course, students are hypothesized to hold less favorable attitudes toward consumer culture (love of money, materialism, possession satisfaction index, prestige sensitivity) relative to the attitudes held at the start of the course. Interestingly, few attitudinal changes are observed. Where changes in attitudes are observed, the relationships are in the opposite direction to that hypothesized.


The Cohesive Strength Metre (CSM) is a commonly used machine to test the surface stability of exposed intertidal sediment. After its conception by Paterson (1989) the machine has been commercially manufactured by Sediment Services and many machines are now used in laboratories and research institutes across the world. In consultation with Sediment Services a comprehensive review of the CSM was undertaken in an attempt to improve its performance and reduce manufacturing costs. Although these were unsuccessful, several flaws in the current operating procedure were identified. These flaws were investigated and rectified through the creation of a new calibration method. New component parts for the erosion chamber of the CSM were trailed as was a new method of deployment. The new components failed to increase the accuracy or reduce the manufacturing costs of the CSM, while the new deployment method was found to be equally accurate as the existing method but was generally considered easier to use. Foreword: Sections of research and analysis from this chapter were devised, performed, analysed and written by myself and contributed to the journal "Calibration of the High-Pressure Cohesive Strength Meter (CSM)" Vardy et al., (2007), (appendix 1). This work is covered in the following sections; The methods used to isolate the cause of discrepancies between the firing efficiency of different CSM models, or the same model over time, are covered in sections 184.108.40.206-3 of this thesis and section 2.1 of the journal. With the results shown and analysed in sections 3.3.1 and 3.2 of this thesis and the journal respectively. The methods and results used in identifying and determining the cause of erroneous outputs of the CSM are covered in sections 126.96.36.199 and 3.3.1 of this thesis and sections 2.1 and 3.2 of the journal.


PurposeThis paper investigates the determinants of compulsive buying behaviour (CBB) and ascertains the effect of CBB on the propensity of an individual to be dependent on loans and fall into financial trouble. The study additionally examines the moderating effect of financial management on the hypothesized relationships.Design/methodology/approachThe survey method of research was adopted using questionnaires as the principal means of data collection. The predicted relationships of the study were tested using the partial least square structural equation modelling technique.FindingsThe authors' results suggest materialism, socioeconomic status and financial management skills of an individual are significant predictors of CBB. The authors also find CBB to be positively associated with loan dependence and the authors' analysis suggests financial management skills moderate the hypothesized relationships.Social implicationsFindings of this study suggest buying compulsively increases the risks of over-dependence on loans and can be indirectly associated with the risk of individuals falling into financial trouble.Originality/valueThe findings highlight the adverse effects of CBB on loan dependence and financial trouble and the moderating effect of financial management on the dominant factors that influence CBB.


Objective To know the current situation and its related risk factors for hypertension in elderly residents in Wendeng City. Methods In August, 2008, with a multi-stage stratified random sampling method, 3 415 residents aged 35 yrs were investigated by questionnaire with the "Health information record" of the national integrated chronic diseases prevention and control techniques, and taken physical examination, blood pressure test and related risk factors for hypertension by single-and multivariate analysis of Logistic regression analysis. Results Of the 3 415 residents aged over 35 yrs, 1 257 suffered from hypertension, the prevalence rate was 39.87%, and the standardized prevalence rate was 37.68%, and prevalence rate of hypertension increased with age (χ2=285.54, P0.001), the prevalence rates of the patients aged 35~, 45~, 55~, 65~, and 75~yrs, were 17.68%, 32.67%, 49.13%, 54.49%, and 54.44%, respectively. The multivariate analysis of Logistic Regression showed that the risk factors for hypertension included the family history, alcohol drinking, salt intake, vegetable oil intake, body mass index, waist circumference, and mental state, the ORs (95%CI) were 1.749 (1.621 ~1.886), 1.270 (1.025 ~1.591), 1.133 (1.023 ~1.254), 1.182 (1.064 ~1.314), 1.715 (1.407 ~2.090), 1.409 (1.203 ~ 1.650), 1.303 (1.171~1.450). Conclusion The prevalent rate of hypertension in elderly residents in Wendeng city was higher, and the causes of it related with many factors, so it should be strengthen the comprehensive prevention and treatment.


This paper reviews, rethinks, expands and applies the author's 'laws' of integration, which were first published six years ago. This approach both introduces the laws to readers who don't know them, and tests their utility for those who do. In retrospect, real-world integration efforts mix and match the original components of linkage, co-ordination and full integration. But the message remains to work at all levels, keep it simple, make finances supportive and empower social care.


The application of ultrasonic emulsification in cataract surgery and artificial lens implantation is introduced. The usage of phase lockloop technique in the ultrasonic emulsifier is emphasised in the new designed Phaco system. The experiment and clinical results show that using the phase lockloop technique in ultrasonic emulsification system resonates steady and smashes the lens sufficiently.


At the beginning of the establishment of the reading park it was intended as a means of reading for the community, but due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the reading garden no longer functions as it used to, there was a decrease in visits by people who initially visited the reading garden a lot. Based on observations, the decrease in the interest of reading garden visitors was caused by several things, namely 1) the design of the reading park location was not well organized; 2) A collection of reading gardens that are less varied and not updated; 3) Social restrictions imposed during the Covid-19 pandemic; and 4) the lack of understanding of the management of the reading park (Community for the Children of the Pond Village and Karang Taruna) regarding the management of an attractive reading park and in accordance with health protocol standards during the Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, based on this problem, a solution was agreed upon to provide strengthening of the governance of the community reading garden for the Children's Community in the Pool Village and the Karang Taruna in the Pool Village as the manager of the "Melati" Community Reading Park in the Pool Village and make the reading garden a means of learning for children during the Covid period. -19. Keywords: Community Reading Gardens, Children's Learning Facilities, Covid-19


3D-porous anisotropic solids are fabricated by using horizontally and vertically aligned assemblies of silica rods with a length of ca. 2 μm and a diameter of 500 nm as templates. Templated materials include examples from metals, semiconductors, ceramics, and polymers, Ni, Si, HfO2, and PMMA, respectively. By varying the infilling conditions, the detailed mesoscale structure and degree of anisotropy can be controlled.


The classic inventory model is optimizing model of nonrestraint. But in fact, it is usually restricted by funds, warehouse's space, service rate etc. Therefore, many inventory models of variable restriction are produced in succession. This paper discusses the order and selling inventory model of constant demand, limited-space warehouse, short-supply not allowed, lot-size discount and time-needed supplying. The application of the model is illustrated by an example.


AIM
To know the results in the treatment of acute infectious cholangitis (IAC) and to identify risk factors related to morbidity and mortality.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
We reviewed the records of patients with AIC in a 7 year period. Clinical presentation, diagnostic methods and treatment were analyzed.

RESULTS
There were 85 cases (61% females and 39% males). Abdominal pain, fever and jaundice were the symptoms most frequently observed. Choledocholithiasis was present in 75% of the cases, malignant obstruction in 12% and other causes in 13%. All patients received antibiotics and 74% underwent any form of biliary drainage. There were complications in 32% of the cases and 14% died. Malignant obstruction was related to high risk of death (OR 11.1).

CONCLUSION
The IAC is a potentially life-threatening disease and is most ominous in cases of malignant occlusion of biliary tree.


In this work, we Extend Pawlak approximation spaces by topological spaces. Also, Rough Membership, equality and inclusion relations are extended using topological near open sets. In addition, new extended measures of accuracy and quality of approximations are defined and studied. An application example of data reduction of information systems is introduced.


psychiatry overlaps with so many other fields of knowledge. Any review of research is therefore to be welcomed, and this small technical report affords a useful glimpse at advances in neuro-physiological and behavioural research. Summaries are presented of conditioning, learning and operant conditioning methods in psychiatry. The point is emphasized that "¿ operant technique aims more at changing items of behaviour than at obtaining complete cures―, and that social and interpersonal skills are as necessary for clinical work as is technical and theoretical know ledge. Brief but excellent accounts are given of the neuro physiology of sleep and the relationship between mental and sleep disorders. Those aspects of cerebral electrophysiology which are thought most likely to be of value in psychiatry include the degree of spatial synchronization or coherence between various cortical regions, the range and character ofhabituation to sensory stimuli, and the form and responsiveness of the slow potential changes in the frontal cortex that link conditional and unconditional stimuli (contingent negativevariationorexpectancy waves). Frontal lobe surgery for selected psychiatric states is said to be more sophisticated now that multiple indwelling electrodes enable one to pinpoint the effect of stimulating or ablating each of many tiny areas of the white matter in turn. Suggestions are made for research into the aetiology of psychiatric states by prospective contrast of high risk samples and control groups, the contrast starting with cohorts at different potentially critical periods of development. Though rather uneven in quality, this brief report is well worth reading as a digest of digests. Isi@c MAIu@s.


New organ transplants are prepd. from organs and parts of organs of fish, birds and mammals by subjecting the organs and parts of organs to crosslinking between the peptide chains of the intercellular matrix and a crosslinking agent. The crosslinking agent is a dicarboxylic, tricarboxylic or polycarboxylic acid of the aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic series. The crosslinking is effected by formation of amide bonds and ester bonds between the amino gps. and the alcoholic OH gps., resp., of the peptide chains, and the carboxylic gps. of the crosslinking agent.