The Foreign Property Rule (FPR), limiting the holding of foreign property in pension plan assets, is scheduled to be eliminated this year. It has been rationalized on economic grounds by asserting that it improves the value of the dollar and decreases the cost of capital yet, at the time the FPR began, the government was trying to keep the dollar from rising and there were strong capital inflows. Further, evidence from the past changes in the FPR indicates it had little, if any, affect on the cost of capital and exchange rate, but cost middle income workers between one and three billion dollars per annum when set at 30%. I argue that the reason for its existence was the then common belief that governments could make better economic allocation decisions than markets. Removing the FPR provides pension plans with greater opportunity for risk adjusted returns as well as responsibilities. Relevant issues that arise include the degree of foreign currency exposure that is desirable and the degree of active management desired in foreign assets, and whether it makes sense to choose fund managers that are regionally focused rather than global. Pension boards will also have to rethink what a Canadian fund is and whether it should mimic Canadian production (as currently structured) or Canadian consumption patterns. An encouraging aspect of eliminating the FPR is the possibility that government ideology is changing to place greater emphasis on the positive benefits of using markets to allocate resources.


Stomata are unique that they sense and respond to several internal and external stimuli, by modulating signaling components in guard cells. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) and cytosolic calcium (Ca2+) increase significantly during stomatal closure by not only plant hormones [such as abscisic acid (ABA) or methyl jasmonate (MJ)] but also elicitors (such as chitosan). We observed that cytosolic alkalinization preceded the production of ROS as well as NO during ABA induced stomatal closure. We therefore propose that besides ROS and NO, the cytosolic pH is an important secondary messenger during stomatal closure by ABA or MJ. We also noticed that there is either a cross talk or feedback regulation by cytosolic Ca2+ and ROS (mostly H2O2). Further experiments on the interactions between cytosolic pH, ROS, NO and Ca2+ would yield interesting results.


Carvajal Jaramillo, Ana María. M.A., Purdue University, December 2014. The Metaphor of Battle in the Mysticism of Teresa of Avila. Major Professor: Howard Mancing. This research examines the metaphor of religious life understood as chivalric battle in the mysticism of Saint Teresa of Avila. With the purpose of studying her use of this metaphorical concept extracted from the romances of chivalry, I have analyzed her Autobiography, as a sample of prose work, as well as the poems "Loas a la cruz", "Ya no durmáis", and "Muero porque no muero", as examples of her poetry. In all of these writings the Saint insisted on the vision of spirituality undertaken as a knight's deed. The theory of the Monomyth by Joseph Campbell has been applied to the analysis of the Autobiography, and as a result, it has been possible to evidence the vision that the Saint had of herself as a kind of chivalric heroine. The theory of metaphors designed by George Lakeoff and Mark Johnson has been used to read the poems mentioned above, and it has helped to unveil the centrality of the metaphorical concept of mysticism as battle in the worldview of Teresa. Indeed, the romances of chivalry served Teresa as the source of a language that allowed her to express her understanding of religious life in a familiar language, distant from the refinement of theology. But more importantly, these books of knighthood facilitated the development of a whole vision of mystical love in the terms of chivalry.


Mycoplasma bovis cause cattle pneumonia,mastitis,arthritis and other diseases.This article described the research status about etiology,the pathological changes and diagnosis,prevention,genetic stability.


p SEUDOTUMOR cerebri is a familiar clinical picture to neurosurgeons but the etiology remains obscure. The presence of papilledema without signs of a localized mass lesion, high spinal-fluid pressure, normal protein and absence of cells in the spinal fluid may suggest this syndrome but few physicians would be willing to accept such a diagnosis without a normal air s tudy or angiogram. Some of these cases have been shown to be associated with an obstruction of one of the dural sinuses, as in patients with infections of the middle ear. The cause is not apparent in the majority of cases but in others, an endocrinologic dysfunction appears to be an underlying factor. In support of such a hypothesis is the frequent occurrence of this syndrome in obese, young women with dysmenorrhea or during pregnancy. A disturbance of tile pituitaryadrenal axis also is suggested by the number of patients reported with Addison's disease, galaetorrhea, and decreased urinary excretion of ketosteroids. Paterson et al. 7 presented an excellent review of the subject and concluded tha t the underlying cerebral edema may result from several causes, partieularly functional hyperpituitarism. The occurrence of pseudotumor eerebri in children, without disease of the middle ear, was quite a rar i ty until the use of steroids became commonplace. Dees and McKay 3 were among the first to report the occurrence of benign intracranial hypertension during the t reatment of asthmatic children with adrenal steroids. They described 3 patients with varying signs of intracranial pressure including papilledema and cranial-nerve palsies.


15563 Purpose: Prostate brachytherapy (PB) has been linked with increase in prostate volume (PV). This study evaluates post- operative PV changes and the variables that might affect prostate swelli...


Spray drying feasibility of sweetpotato puree is enhanced using alpha-amylase treatment to reduce puree viscosity and maltodextrin (MD) addition to facilitate drying. To better determine potential applications of powders produced with various levels of amylase and MD, nutrient composition and rheological properties of the hydrated spray dried sweetpotato powders were examined and compared with sweetpotato puree. Proximate composition, beta-carotene, vitamin C, and mineral analyses were performed. Steady shear rheology of reconstituted powder solutions was also evaluated at different temperatures and shear rates. Spray drying significantly reduced the bcarotene and ascorbic acid contents. Additionally, the all-trans form of beta-carotene was further transformed to the cis-isomers during dehydration. The viscosity of the reconstituted solutions was much lower than that of the puree at the same solid concentration. Rheologically, the reconstituted sweetpotato slurries behaved similarly to pregelatinized starch solutions. Thus, spray dried sweetpotato powders have a potential to enhance food systems as a thickener despite the need for increased nutrient retention. r 2007 Swiss Society of Food Science and Technology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


This experiment evaluated the association between blinking and cognitive activities. Subjects received 200 and 400 ms tones (1 KHz) at fixed intervals in a duration discrimination paradigm. One group ("Task") was instructed to respond to the stimuli on the basis of duration and another ("No-Task") was instructed to ignore the stimuli. Blink activity (latency, rate, duration) and performance (RT, hit and false alarm rates) measures were evaluated.

A first analysis (Task subjects only) indicated that stimulus duration had significant effects on RT and blink latency; both were generally longer following the 400-ms than the 200-ms stimuli. In a second analysis, involving Task and No-Task subjects, blink latencies were shorter in the Task group. Blink and eyelid closure durations increased over the task period in both analyses. These effects suggest that blinks occur when attentional processes wane.


The quasi-one-dimensional Si(553)-Au surface is investigated with time-resolved two-photon photoemission and laser-based photoemission. Several occupied and unoccupied states inside and outside the bulk band gap of silicon were found near the center of the surface Brillouin zone. A nondispersing unoccupied state 0.62 eV above the Fermi level with a lifetime of 125 fs matches the spin-split silicon step-edge state predicted by density functional theory calculations. Two occupied bands can be associated with the bands calculated for nonpolarized step-edge atoms.


An experiment was performed to evaluate the effects of drought stress on yield, plant architecture and physiological traits in bread wheat genotypes. Field experiment was conducted with twenty genotypes at wheat research station, Vijapur, under normal and drought conditions during crop season 2017-18 and 2018-19 using randomized complete block design replicated twice under each environment. Grain yield and its attributes were recorded at Zadoks decimal scale 9, phenological traits at scale 6, plant architecture at scale 2 and 9 and physiological traits at 2, 6 and 7 scale. Significant differences for all the traits studied were found among genotypes both under normal and moisture stress conditions. For yield related traits, minimum reduction was noticed for harvest index during both the crop seasons (0.63 % and 1.88 %). The values of canopy temperature was higher in stress conditions in both the crop seasons, in post anthesis stage, higher temperature in second crop cycle (-33.93%) was observed. Among the whole panel genotypes DBW 154 and GW 510 performed well under drought stress with higher yield and harvest index. Among the tested genotypes, GW 451, DBW 154 and GW 508 were the coolest genotypes at post anthesis (CT II) but failed to maintain the grain yield under drought stress. Based on higher values of stress tolerance index, genotypes DBW 154, VL 1004, GW 510 and GW 512 were classified as drought tolerant genotypes which could be utilised in wheat improvement programme aimed at drought tolerance.


In this paper, The kinematics and dynamics model of autonomous surface vessels (ASV) is established for the trajectory tracking control of ASV. A trajectory tracking control law is proposed by the sliding mode variable structure control method. Through theoretic analysis, the control law can guarantee the asymptotic stability of the trajectory tracking of ASV. The simulation results show that the proposed method is effective.


The use of telemetry in studies of aquatic animals hasbecome widespread throughout the world. Develop-ment of technology and methodologies has acceler-ated, and today management of aquatic resources areoften based on results from telemetry studies. The FirstConference on Fish Telemetry in Europe was held inLiege in 1993, and since then each of these bi-annualconferences has been successful events attracting par-ticipants from the around world. The conferences arerather informal, but very informative, aiming at bringtogether scientists and telemetry experts and discussthe latest developments and results within aquatictelemetry.The Seventh Conference on Fish Telemetry was heldin Silkeborg, Denmark, from 17 to 21 June 2007, andhosted by The Technical University of Denmark,National Institute of Aquatic Resources (DTU-Aqua)(former Danish Institute for Fisheries Research). Theevent attracted 118 delegates from 25 countries, withfive continents represented. Eight exhibitors of tele-metry equipment participated.The scope of the science presented at this conferencewas divided into four themes: Marine fish and fisheries,acknowledging the increasing use of acoustic telemetryoff-shore and implementation of the results in com-mercial fisheries management; Migration and dispersal,including life history and migration strategies, popu-lation dynamics, horizontal distribution patterns,homing and dispersal, long- and short-term move-ments; Telemetry and management, demonstrating thatthe widespread use of telemetry has led to betterknowledge-based management in several fields andchanged management practise; and New techniques,new technology and novel applications, a forum forsharing experiences with new gear, new methodsor alternative data analyses. The possibility of using3D-telemetry and real-time tracking showed promisingresults and will likely bring new insight into fishbehaviour in the future. In general, the conferencehighlighted the importance of using telemetry in amultidisciplinary and integrative approach in futureresearch. The importance of telemetry in appliedresearch was in focus, but the conference also revealedan increased use of telemetry methods for basic sciencepurposes. Telemetry is used in an increasing number ofcountries and environments around the world, and theconference also demonstrated an increasing focus onnon-salmonid species. At the conference, 64 oral and29 posters were presented. After review by referees, theeditorial group selected 18 papers for inclusion withinthis special issue of Fisheries Management and Ecology,representing the four themes of the conference.We would like to thank the Technical University ofDenmark for hosting the conference and everyone whoassisted in the conference arrangements, including theDTU-Aqua staff as well as the staff at the FreshwaterCentre, for their efforts. We also wish to thank alldelegates for participating in the conference, keynotespeakers and Scientific Committee members for con-tributing to the scientific debate, and Editorial Boardand reviewers for help with the editing of papers.Lene Jacobsen, Soren Berg, Christian Skov,Kim A˚restrup & Michael PedersenNational Institute of Aquatic Resources(e-mail: email@example.com)Scientific and Organizing Committees/Editorial Board:Eva Thorstad, NINA, NorwayMarie-Laure Begout Anras, CREMA, FranceNiels Jepsen, JRC, ItalyPedro Almeida, University of E´vora, PortugalStefan Larsson, Umea˚ Marine Science Centre, SwedenSteven Cooke, Carleton University, CanadaChristan Skov, DTU-Aqua, DenmarkKim Aarestrup, DTU-Aqua, DenmarkLene Jacobsen, DTU-Aqua, DenmarkMichael Pedersen, DTU-Aqua, DenmarkSoren Berg, DTU-Aqua, Denmark


The invention provides a speech recognition apparatus, a method and a piece of electronic equipment. The apparatus comprises an identifying unit used for identifying a speech to acquire a candidate keyword; a decoding unit decoding speeches including the speech of the identified candidate keyword on the basis of meaning information to generate a word grid corresponding to the speeches including the speech of the identified candidate keyword; a calculating unit calculating the confidence of the candidate keyword according to the word grid; and a judging unit judging whether to determine the candidate keyword as a keyword according to the confidence. By performing keyword identification in a way to refer to the meaning information, the apparatus solves the mistaken identification problem caused by similar pronunciations.


Kumud Khanna is the Director of Institute of Home Economics and the Head of Department of Home Science, University of Delhi. Dr. Khanna is PhD in Community Nutrition from Harvard University, Washington, USA. She has over thirty five years of teaching and research experience. Her research interests include geriatric nutrition, clinical nutrition and public health nutrition.


The purpose of this thesis to develop a method for focusing the inspection process of design plans of nuclear facilities submitted by nuclear facility license applicants and holders on the most relevant structures and phenomena. The method consists of a process for creating mathematical models and a spreadsheet tool for running Monte Carlo simulations on the models. The output data is analysed to recognise the most significant parameters affecting the ability of the structure to perform as intended. After the most significant sources of uncertainty have been identified, commissioning of further studies from technical support organisations can be guided using more foreknowledge than was previously possible. Two case studies were done with goals equivalent to the goals in different phases of the design and inspection process. The first case study is a preliminary investigation of the modellability of a steel-concrete composite structure, which is regarded as an unfamiliar type of structure not covered by the local building codes. The structure, known as an SCstructure, is created on-site by pouring concrete into steel moulds, which remain as part of the composite structure. In accordance with the goals of the inspection process, a relatively detailed mathematical model was created for further study. The second case study focuses on the parameters affecting prestressing losses in posttensioned tendons. The methodology was found to be effective in recognising significant parameters and expressing their significance with a concise metric.


DC-DC converters can be found in almost every power electronics device. To improve the efficiency and controller response of a DC-DC converter to dynamical system changes, neural network has been chosen as an alternative to classic methods. However, no prior work has been done in the neural network approach for control of a PSFB (phase-shifted full-bridge) converter yet. In this research, a multi-layer feedforward neural network controller is proposed. The neural network based controller has the advantage of adaptive learning ability, and can work under the situation when the input voltage and load current fluctuate. Levenberg-Marquardt back-propagation training algorithm is used in computer simulation. The neural controller is then implemented on hardware using a DSP (digital signal processor). Satisfactory experimental results are obtained.


The rapid initial phase of intravenous rehydration was studied in 51 patients with diarrheal dehydration. All received variable amounts of potassium, in addition to the standard mixture of equal parts of 5% glucose and 0.9% sodium chloride, at the rate of 50 ml/kg/hours. Final concentration of potassium in the infusion fluid ranged from 4 to 21,3 meq/l, achieving an infusion velocity that ranged from 0.08 to 1.38 meq/kg/hour. No untoward effects were observed with the use of potassium; the average serum potassium levels at the end of the period did not increase above those observed on admission (4,2±1 vs 4±0.9 mcq/l). A subgroup of patients underwent metabolic balances. In 8 patients no potassium was administered and an intracellular deficit (as estimated with the "chloride space" of Darrow) of 0,48±0,36 meq/kg, was observed. In another group of 11 patients, who received potassium, intracellular gain of 0,23±0,38 meq/kg was observed. These results point to the fact that potassium can be used safely, even before diuresis ensues, in patients with diarrheal dehydration that need intravenous therapy.


for the of the dynamics. we introduce the pump-probe method using combined single bunch X-ray from synchrotron source and pulsed laser system in sub nano-second time resolution. Time-resolved solution of dimeric hemoglobin revealed a spiral motion of two subunits and three intermediate states. The pump-probe method is even powerful technique in the other methods of measurement for the protein dynamics.


Walleye pollock, Theragra chalcogramma, occupies a central position in the Bering Sea ecosystem. Attempts to understand linkages between climate and population dynamics of this species in the eastern Bering Sea (EBS) have generally focused on comparing fluctuations in indices of physical phenomena with dynamics of the managementscale stock. However, there is increasing recognition that management-scale stocks may be composed of subor meta-populations. We present evidence that the EBS stock is composed of at least two components that tend to occupy different geographic regions. We show how observed patterns in growth, maturity and distribution at the management scale result from fluctuations in the relative abundance of these two components of the EBS walleye pollock stock. These components are exposed to different physical conditions and recruitment of strong year classes often appears asynchronous between the two regions. Thus, the effects of physical phenomena on the population dynamics of walleye pollock may be better assessed at a scale smaller than the management stock, and perhaps by using regional physical indices. While separate management of these stock components may not be necessary, recognition of the components may enhance our ability to identify the response of EBS walleye pollock to climate variation.


This paper describes the dynamic model of the hot section of an incineration plant with steam production. The model is based on a first-principles approach that starting from material, energy, and momentum balances leads to the integration of a differential-algebraic system of 132 equations. The hot section of the plant comprises a furnace, a postcombustion chamber, and a waste heat boiler. The reciprocating grate kiln represents one of the most important features of the process, where the heterogeneous combustion of waste takes place. The waste, coming from diverse collections, is transferred from the pit into a vertical hopper and enters into the furnace pushed by a discontinuous feeding grate. Also the burning waste is discontinuously moved through the primary combustion chamber by reciprocating grates. These discontinuous features are mainly responsible for the high oscillations of process variables. The model was implemented for control purposes with the aim of reducing oscillations and offsets throu...


The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 16 weeks diet management program on body composition and BMI in adult women. The management will conduct exercise management for 510 people who participated in the diet program for 16 weeks from September 6, 2015 to January 6, 2016 twice a week for one week and 60 minutes for one week. The results were as follows. First, there was a significant difference between the normal weight group and the high obesity group except the low - weight group. Second, in the variation of BMI, the weight loss decreased more effectively and stably as the BMI was higher. Especially, decrease of body fat and BMI was significant. Therefore, this dietary management program has been shown to be effective on dieting by significantly reducing the body fat rate for each 16 weeks, and it is thought that the decrease of the abdominal fat rate positively influences the prevention of the metabolic syndrome.


The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of a newly available enteral WallFlex stent for malignant gastric outlet obstruction (GOO).


The California High-Speed Rail Authority is planning a $25-billion, 700-mile railway to link San Francisco, Los Angeles and San Diego. The trains would travel at a maximum speed of 220 mph on a fully grade-separated track. The Tehachapi and Diablo Mountains will have to be crossed by the routes, which will cross the San Andreas and Garlock major geological faults. Difficulties presented to the use of tunnels are outlined. A conference of experts recommended selecting alignments that would require the least tunnelling, especially in major fault zones. No more than 20 miles of tunnels are now envisaged, mainly using tunnel-boring machines. Near major faults, tunnel widths will need to be increased to allow for lateral displacement.


OBJECTIVE:To compare the distribution and metabolism between two epimers of glycyrrhizic acid(GL)including α-GL and β-GL in rats.METHODS:After intravenous administration of a single α-GL or β-GL(at a dose of 21mg/kg)in rats' vena caudalis,the concentrations of α-GL or β-GL in organs and tissues of the rats at 5,15,30,60 and 180 min were determined respectively by RP-HPLC.RESULTS:α-GL and β-GL were all quickly distributed in organs and tissues,with drug level in livers showing the highest.The concentration of α-GL was significantly higher than that of β-GL in liver,but lower than or similar to that of β-GL in other tissues at 5 min after administration,which declined rapidly in all the tissues and was lowered to the level similar to or less than the limit of quantification at 180min.However,β-GL remained at a high level in the tissues,which stood at 10% ~ 50%of its peak-value.CONCLUSION:There are significant differences in the distribution and metabolism of α-GL and β-GL in the rat tissues,and this may be closely related to the difference in their configuration.


In order to reduce the noise of acquisition signal in laser cutting, an adaptive wavelet denoising method is proposed in this paper. Based on the analysis of the limitations of traditional threshold method, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to select the optimal threshold of wavelet. Compared with the commonly hard and soft threshold method, the experiment results show that the method used in this paper is relatively stable, and can reduce noise excellently. The method can provide more accurate signal for quality analysis in laser cutting .So the method can be used in noise denoising of pulse-induced acoustic sound.


The author was talking about the present situation of the police power resource in our countty, setting forth the importance of rational disposition the police power resource and it's principles. At last, the author expounding the channel which carrying out the police power scien-tific disposition.


It shown that hypoxia causes a complex restructuring of the functioning of various body systems, which is aimed to maintain the delivery of the required amount of oxygen to tissues. Adaptation to hypoxia exerts a significant influence on the central nervous system, central hemodynamics, microcirculation in various organs, oxygen metabolism, free radical oxidation of lipids, the main systems detoxification enzymes and immunity. The mechanisms of adaptation to hypoxia in the brain are discussed. The improvement of cerebral circulation appears to be one of the most important protective effects of adaptation to hypoxia. The effect of periodic hypoxia on the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the blood of patients with discirculatory encephalopathy was studied. After 10 days of adaptation to hypoxia, the total oxidative activity and the content of substances reacting with thiobarbituric acid decreased, while the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in erythrocytes increased. The results obtained showed the possibility of correcting disturbed oxidative homeostasis by adapting to hypoxia the degree of shifts in the indicators of heart rate variability (HRV) during simulated acute hypoxia. in body's to the conditions of simulated acute hypoxia, which of and a lower increase in heart rate. It was found that the training course hypoxic more pronounced in the group of persons with initially low resistance to the hypoxic factor in comparison resistant to acute hypoxia


The antitussive activity of a compound on spontaneous (pathological) cough in man must be tested by means of carefully controlled clinical trials. The evaluation may be based on the patients9 opinions on the intensity and/or frequency of their cough in successive observations, or their estimation of the therapeutic efficacy of the treatments being compared (subjective methods). Also, it may be based on the objective observation of the cough variations during the same treatments (objective methods). The methods used so far have been of the subjective type mainly and are here briefly reviewed. The results of several controlled clinical trials, carried out in order to standardize an efficient technique for estimating the possible antitussive activity of new compounds in man are also reported. In these trials, where codeine was compared with a placebo in old patients, often not very co-operative or with a low I.Q., no significant difference between the two treatments could be found by means of two experimental designs based on subjective methods. On the other hand, a significant difference could be shown by a simple objective method based on the recording of the number of coughs in periods of 3 hours following single administrations of the treatments to be compared. This method proved in repeated experiments to be efficient in discriminating between an active drug and a placebo and may be conveniently employed for the clinical evaluation of new antitussive agents.


A binary stream cipher sequence with the length N possesses low autocorrelation distribution if and only if its charateristic set is a differenceset in the residue ring ZN.Many classical difference sets and almost difference sets are proved to be formed easily by a new method based on their corresponding almost difference sets and difference sets respectively.These classical difference sets and almost difference sets were discoved by computer searching and other tendious methods.


Statistical long-chain branching occurring during the free-radical polymerization of the system sodium 4-vinylbenzenesulfonate (SSNa) and N, N′-methylene-bis(acrylamide) (MBAA) in aqueous medium was studied by ¹H NMR spectroscopy and SEC. The former method yielded the degree of conversion and the content of the three monomer units in the chain, i.e., SSNa, MBAA with pendant vinyl groups, and MBAA as branching points. It was found that the number of individual monomer units per a total of 1000 monomer units does not perceivably change with the degree of conversion and only slightly increases with increasing ratio MBAA/SSNa in the feed.


Disclosed are a high-stability non-polarization-dependent surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate, and a preparation process and application. The preparation technology of the substrate belongs to the field of material physical chemistry and the application category of the substrate belongs to the field of light scattering science and surface plasma science. The substrate is a regular array formed through periodical arrangement of equilateral trimers of gold nanoparticles. The preparation process includes the steps that firstly, a layer of extremely thin aluminum oxide nanometer pit equilateral trimer periodical array is prepared on an aluminum substrate through electrochemical corrosion; then a layer of extremely thin gold nano-film is deposited on the array; and the nanometer pit array substrate where the gold film is deposited is annealed to obtain the gold nanoparticle equilateral trimer periodical array, that is the high-stability non-polarization-dependent SERS substrate. The high-stability non-polarization-dependent SERS substrate has the outstanding advantages that during SERS detection, the exciting light polarization direction is avoided in all 360-degree range, and an SERS signal is stably output at all angles.


Precision injection casting is a method suitable to produce semifinished fuel pins. It is adapted to the remote refabrication of EBR-II fuel. Inert gas pressure is used to force molten fuel alloy into thoria-coated, precision-bore, high silica glass molds. During EBR-II, Core I production, 16,000 fuel castings are produced in batches of 120 using an experimental-injection casting furnace. The specified weight, diametral tolerance, surface finish, and internal soundness specifications are successfully met. Remotecontrol equipment is designed from experience gained during Core I production. (auth)


The National Emergency Medical Center, National Medical Center, Daegu, Korea*Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, Texas, USA**Graduate School of Public Health & Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea***Department of Preventive Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon and Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hosiptal, Inje University, Pusan, Korea****Department of Health, Environment and Safety, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea*****Department of Visual Optics and Graduate School of Health Sciences, Far East University, Chungbuk, Korea ABSTRACTObjective: The effect of lead on blood pressure remains controversial in spite of the numerous studies whichhave been conducted in the recent years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of exposure to leadon blood pressure among non-smokers.Methods: In this cross sectional study, 1416 male and female non-smokers were enrolled, aged 20 years or older,from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008. Blood pressure, blood lead levels(BLLs), height, weight, and cotinine level were measured for all subjects.Results: Geometric mean BLLs of the participants was 2.20 µg/dl. BLLs were higher in the older, male, andlower education groups than the younger, female and higher education groups. After adjusting for age, sex,education and BMI through multiple regression analysis, a significant positive association between systolic bloodpressure (p = 0.0357), diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.0111) and BLLs. Also, among the normal BMI group (18.5kg/m


Abandoned quarries seriously destroy eco-environment and affect social and economic sustainable development.How to measure eco-environmental impact of abandoned quarries,which has become a problem,is what this paper is aimed to solve.GIS was taken as working platform.Firstly,based on the survey data of abandoned quarries geological environment and the theories of the relationship system between human beings and eco-environment,eco-environmental impact evaluation model of abandoned quarries was built from two perspectives of eco-environmental damage and surrounding area sensitivity.Secondly,the evaluation index system of ecoenvironmental damage of abandoned quarries,including land occupation area,rock slope angle,the volume of solid waste,the ratio of stone-pit area to land occupation area,the depth of stone-pit and the possibility of geological disaster,was established according to the principles of representativeness and availability.Index weights were determined using means of Analysis Hierarchy Process and value assignment standard was given on the basis of previous research and expert knowledge.Then the degree value of eco-environmental damage was calculated using means of Comprehensive Evaluation Model.Thirdly,residential areas,roads,railways,rivers and scenic areas were selected as sensitive elements,and the sensitivity of sensitive elements was determined by means of Analysis Hierarchy Process.The spatial distance between abandoned quarries and the nearest sensitive elements was measured using method of GIS-based Spatial Analysis.Based on Distance-decay Law and Gravity Model,the distance adjustment coefficient was computed,which was used to adjust the sensitivity of sensitive elements.Combined the above five sensitive elements,the degree value of surrounding area sensitivity was calculated.Fourthly,according to the definition,the degree value of eco-environmental impact of abandoned quarries was obtained using the degree value of eco-environmental damage and the degree value of surrounding area sensitivity.Eco-environmental impact degree matrix,which was used to classify the degree value of eco-environmental impact of abandoned quarries,was established by referring to risk matrix method.The degree value of eco-environmental impact of abandoned quarries was divided into five degree levels:high,slightly high,average,slightly low,low.Finally,a case study including 205abandoned quarries was conducted in Tongshan District of Xuzhou city.The results showed that the percentage of high,slightly high,average,slightly low,low degree levels of ecoenvironmental impact of abandoned quarries were 2.0%,30.7%,50.7%,12.2% and 4.4%respectively,and the four abandoned quarries of high degree level of eco-environmental impact were Heqiu,Yuezhuang,Sheng Shiwei,Quan Taiyin.Abandoned quarries of the high degree level of eco-environmental impact were mostly in Liuquan,Maocun,Liguo,and abandoned quarries in the north part of Tongshan District needed eco-environmental construction more urgently than those in south part.This paper was supposed to provide a scientific method to evaluate eco-environmental impact of abandoned quarries and choose abandoned quarries that sorely needed ecoenvironmental construction.


A key challenge to defense science and technology programs is the identification of areas ripe for focused government investment so as to make impossible things possible on an accelerated schedule. The creation, transfer to commercial products, and transition to operational military systems of the Texas Instruments (TI) digital micromirror device (DMD) projection display technology from 1987-2005 is a case study in how DoD seeks invest in S&T for warfighting advantage while renewing the civil economy and enabling domestic production of key electronic components. The DoD investment in DMD reduced the risk enough to merit TI productization and resulted in the first VGA single ship color wheel prototype in 1992 (introduced as first commercial product in 1996) and in the first 2.36 Mpx 3-chip color demonstration system in 1995 (a resolution that is only now being introduced as a mass production product). The 1995 demonstrator was the world's first 100% digital display system. The tenth anniversary of this 2005 achievement presents an appropriate occasion to review and document the success of this prior Air Force and DARPA investment as measured by the subsequent adoption in a wide range of civil and, especially, defense applications.


The reason that a corporation might want to take an option on an opportunity is to wait until more information becomes available before committing to the decision to drill. For instance, in a situation where an opportunity is one of the first prospects in a new play trend, there is often very little known (as opposed to surmised) about the potential gain, and the chances of success are also often poorly determined. Thus, until the estimates of costs, gains, and success chances are firmed up in the future by drilling information from other operators, the corporation would prefer to hold off on the decision to drill a particular prospect. Recently Dixit and Pindyck have persuasively argued qualitatively that an options approach should be taken to capital investment in any business field because, opportunities are options--rights but not obligations to take some action in the future and, as soon as you begin thinking of investment opportunities as options, the premise (that investment decisions can be reversed if conditions change or, if they cannot be reversed, that they are now-or-never propositions) changes. Irreversibility, uncertainty, and the choice of timing alter the investment decision in critical ways. From an oil industry perspective Dixitmore » and Pindyck eloquently provide the rationale for considering an option position rather than dealing only with net present value considerations. The ability to calculate the worth of an option to a hydrocarbon exploration opportunity is what this article is about.« less


This paper test the magnitude and direction of the second plane strata stress in Taoyuan coal mine by hollow inclusion stress method.The results show that the second plane strata stress field is horizontal tectonic stress field in the macro level,the mean inclination of the maximum and minimum principal stresses is less than 10degree,the maximum principal stresses are 1.58to 1.84times as large as the minimum principal stresses,the intermediate principal stresses are closer to the vertical stresses which increased with the stratum depth accordingly.Based on the tilt of roadway axial direction and the maximum horizontal principal stress,this paper analyzed the stability of the major roadways in second plane working area,and find that the maximum principal stress impact on 26.8percent of the main roadway and 66.7percent of the working area roadway is three-level.The results show that the main roadways with satisfactory distribution,but ground pressure of the roadways in working area appear sharply,there is a large optimization space.


It's inevitable that China began to value highly the import of reservation of the heritage and transmission of Chinese art,which is a kind of awareness that we need to cultivate for contemporary Chinese art and culture innovation.Inheritance,closely related to time,has to confront the problem of dualistic opposition of the tradition and the modern.Transmission,on the other hand,closely related to territory,contains internal and external fields.In the history of ancient Chinese art,the inheritance of concept and techniques manifest the traditional everlasting as well as change,while the history of Chinese modern art developed from the conflicts and integration between Oriental and Western thoughts.And the approach,direction and content of transmission reveal the deep historical accumulation of Chinese art.From the traditional appeal for aesthetic to the formation of modern values,Chinese art tend to be independent in the process of division and combination between social modernization and the modernization of aesthetic,and it will play its important role on the world stage of art in the future.


Thispaper describes ourefforts todevelop arobot withrobust sensorimotor intelligence using a multiagent-based robot control architecture andabiologically inspired intelligent control. Such control iscalled cognitive control. Inthis paper wewilldiscuss theapplication ofcognitive control toahumanoid robot. Features ofcognitive control addressed include short-term memory forenvironmental learning, long-term memoryforbehavior learning andtaskexecution using working memoryandTD learning.


Unit testing is an essential part in high quality software development. The prerequisite of the system-wide test is that all components are working correctly. Such components are checked by unit tests which are focused on small part of code. Unit tests are isolated from other code fragments and are frequently programmed by using third party tools. In this paper we show how to minimalize the number of the required third party tools, and how to automate unit tests. We aimed to express unit tests as part of the source code, and execute them during the compilation to ensure the quality of the code. Two different approaches are presented in this paper: the first is based on the C++11's new mechanisms, such as constant expressions, and static assertions; the second is based on our experimental programming language, Welltype, which offers more flexible unit testing than C++11 – however, both technique are similar. The key in both approaches to get the compiler to execute additional, user defined calculations which can result errors during the compilation. In C++11 the static assertions are used to evaluate parts of the unit tests. Since constant expressions are restricted, in this paper we also present a method how to overcome those restrictions, and how to utilize static assertion with constant expressions. Finally, we describe how our experimental language offers compiler support to evaluate pure expressions at compile-time.


Results of the fluorometric determination of normal and abnormal blood glucose by the method of Momose and Ohkura (2) are lower in many instances than those obtained by reduction methods. The sensitivity of the method was greatly increased by readings at an activation of 470 mµ, a previously unreported maximum for the reaction product, in 20% sulfuric acid. A modified method is presented which uses a 1:1000 dilution of 2 µl. of blood. Protein-free supernate equivalent to 0.5 µl. of blood is reacted. Final volume of fluorophore is 10 ml.


This study analyzes the allusions to the mythological hero Achilles, from Homer's The Illiad, focusing on the intertextual dialogue with the classic epopoeia built by Machado de Assis in The posthumous memoirs of Bras Cubas, in order to peform a disautomatization of the reader, as a process of education called paideia by the Greek.


This paper uses firm-level data from 2002—2009 to compute the index of financial dependence and asset tangibility and investigate the relationship between China's financial development and export.We find that financial dependence and asset tangibility are crucial link and it has much difference in different industries.Empirical results show that the scale and efficiency of financial market have a significant impact on exports,but vary in different industries.High-tech industries have less stable source of financing and relatively low proportion of tangible assets,so domestic financial development is more conducive to export growth in these sectors.It provides a good way to upgrade export structure by domestic financial reform in China.


Fetal heart block (FHB) occurs in approximately 1:20 000 births and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Vaginal delivery with intrapartum fetal scalp lactate monitoring is offered as an option at our centre for selected cases, in contrast with the published literature advocating caesarean birth.


The study evaluates the efficacy of the neem leaf aqueous extract NLAE at different graded levels on flea beetle (Podagrica spp) infecting roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) varieties in rainy season in 2020 at Aliero and Jega, Kebbi State, Nigeria. The treatment consisted of three varieties of Roselle Green (V1), Red (V2), and deep red (V3) and three graded level of NLAE (C1-1000mg/mL, C2-500mg/mL, C3-333mg/mL) and control (C0-0mg/mL). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) in a split plot arrangement and replicated three times. Different graded extracts were sprayed as Roselle flowering reaches 50%.  The spraying procedure was repeated at 0 day before spray (DBS), 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 days after spraying (DAS) with (NLAE). Data were collected on Flea count, number of fresh and dried calyx, fresh and dried leaf yields per hectare (kg/ha). The results revealed that Podagrica spp were identified as a major pest complex affecting Roselle production. Furthermore, results also revealed the efficiency of the Neem leaf aqueous at different grade levels on pest affecting Roselle, while untreated control recorded the highest number of Podagrica spp with significant difference among the treatment that eventually have great effect of the yield of Roselle.


A guarded optimism seems to govern most appraisals of Tudor and Stuart education. Some writers have been so impressed by the achievements of the period, especially of the years 1560 to 1640, that they see not only an educational ferment involving an increase in the number of schools but also an expansion of opportunities which brought schooling within reach of the hitherto deprived lower members of society. The expansion of printing as well as the expansion of education leads R. D. Altick to suggest, "that in the Tudor and Stuart eras the ability to read was more democratically distributed among the English people than it would again be until at least the end of the eighteenth century." W. A. L. Vincent asserts in The Grammar Schools; their continuing tradition 1660–1714 that, "the first sixty years of the seventeenth century was a period when the grammar schools of England and Wales flourished, and when education of the sort preparatory to the university was available to all who wished to avail themselves of it." Even more enthusiastic in this vein is W. K. Jordan, who claims, in The Charities of Rural England, that by 1660 "a widespread and well-endowed system of education has been created within the reach of any poor and able boy who thirsted for knowledge and who aspired to escape the grip of poverty."


CT-guided radiofrequency ablation offers long-term pain reduction in patients with osteoid osteoma, making it a viable alternative to open surgery, according to researchers from Seoul.


The experiments examine the extent of reduplication of skeletal parts across the anteroposterior axis, following the transplantation of a zone of polarizing activity (ZPA) to the anterior margin of the limb-bud at successively later stages. Previous studies have suggested that the function of the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) is to maintain cells in a special region at the distal tip (the progress zone) labile, with respect to their positional value along the proximo-distal axis. Similarly, the results of these experiments demonstrate that cells in the progress zone are able to change their antero-posterior positional value under the influence of the grafted ZPA, while cells at more proximal levels remain unaffected. In turn, the ZPA may effect the activity of the AER and hence the progress zone.


UNDP introduced the human development report in 1991, a radical change in its approach in terms of multi-step fragmenting of the utility function and a concept of threshold income level, which was followed till 1998 by following an ill-structured Atkinson based multi-step utility function. Realizing the weaknesses in it formulation, the UNDP abandoned the approach abruptly from 1999 onwards. As a viable substitute for erroneous Atkinson based multi-step formulation of utility function used in UNDP's human development reports till 1998, we provided a generalized family of the utility functions under the premise of multi-step formulation while adhering to the concept of threshold income level and have showed in the present study that the earlier proposed two alternative formulations due to Bhatnagar (2001, 2002a) turn out to be particular cases.


Future electrical power systems will integrate a significant number of distributed generation sources that are all intelligently monitored and controlled. It is not always possible to have each potential type of generation source present for laboratory evaluation, and thus hardware-in-the-loop has emerged to utilize hardware validated models as hardware emulated sources in laboratory testbeds. At the University of Texas at Arlington, a low power testbed has been setup on which real and emulated generation sources can be seam-lessly integrated and studied under load profiles representative of an end us-er's application. In the work presented here, a hybrid power system that inte-grates batteries, ultracapacitors, and an AC generator is being studied. The AC generator is implemented using hardware and then emulated using an OPAL-RT hardware-in-the-loop platform. The validity of using hard-ware-in-the-loop to emulate these types of sources as well as the ability of the hardware energy storage to buffer the generator is being studied. A de-scription of the hardware setup will be presented along with results collected to date.


Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common congenital infection in developed countries with reported incidences varying from 0.15% to 2.0%. Congenital CMV infection may be a cause of a congenital syndrome or run without symptoms. Approximately 90% of congenitally infected infants are asymptomatic at birth but may still present handicaps at a later age.Aims: The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the importance of this agent as cause of morbidity and long term sequelae, and to assess the utility of the different methods of congenital CMV infection screeningMethods: Between May and August 2002, 757 consecutive newborns were screened for CMV infection by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in cord blood and through the isolation of CMV by shell-vial from urine on the first two days of life. Epidemiological characteristics of the mothers and newborn were analysed from medical records. Follow-up was done at 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 months with neurologic, audiologic, ophthalmologic and development assessments.Results: Asymptomatic congenital CMV infection was diagnosed in 5 out of 757 (0.7%) by means of a virus culture in urine. PCR in cord blood was negative in all cases. In three newborns, within the first 3 weeks of life, the clinical findings included: pneumonia (1); bone marrow failure (1); hepatitis (2); basal ganglia vasculitis (2). At 18 months, follow-up of two infants showed short stature (1), minor abnormal neurodevelopment (1) and partial hearing loss (1).Conclusion: The incidence of congenital CMV infection was similar to that reported in other studies on highly immune populations. Urinary CMV culture is a reliable and convenient method, and may be a screening tool for the detection of congenital CMV infection. Infants with asymptomatic congenital CMV infection may have severe diseases that are not clinically evident at birth. In our series of studies, sequelae were found in 3 out of 5 (60%) children. Funded by Science and Technology Foundation


We have derived a new useful analytic formula for the {ital T} matrix in the quantum-mechanical perturbation approach within the two-state problem with finite-range coupling which is appropriate for the discussion of the Landau-Zener transition. The resonancelike behaviors were predicted by classical or semiclassical approach in which constant coupling between two adiabatic states was assumed. In the quantum-mechanical approach, inclusion of the effect of reasonable finite-range coupling would not destroy the pattern of the resonancelike structures so much, while the magnitude of the calculated cross section is merely about 10% of that calculated by the semiclassical approach.


Water and nitrogen supply are key limiting factors in determining plant growth and production however, the form of N supply is still debatable. This study is designed to investigate the effect of different N forms supply under different water field capacity in two growing seasons for green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cv. Bronco. The seeds were sown on 15 September in autumn season and on 15 February in summer season in 30cmdiameter pots filled with sand. Three irrigation treatments (60, 80 and 100% field capacity) (as main plot) and five sub treatments of nitrogen forms (100 % of (NH4)2 SO4; 100 % of Ca (NO3)2; 75 % of (NH4)2 SO4 + 25 % of Ca (NO3)2; 50 % of (NH4)2 SO4 + 50 % of Ca (NO3)2; and 25 % of (NH4)2 SO4 + 75 % of Ca (NO3)2 were applied four weeks after sowing. Data showed that percentage of water field capacity have strong significant effects on all growth parameters and pod yield elements. As field capacity decreased, all plant growth and production as well as pod quality decreased despite the growing season. Supply of nitrogen in the ammonium form has more positive effects compared to the nitrate form. However, the mixed forms especially the treatment of 75% N-NH4 + 25% N-NO3 showed the highest positive effects on most of the measured parameters. It could be concluded that when water content in the root zone is not limited, mixed forms of N fertilization in favor of N-NH4 will induce positive effects on plant growth and production of green bean crop despite the growing season. Kew words: Green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Nitrogen forms , Irrigation Regimes.


Information poverty does not only pertain to the lack of essential information, but can also be defined as a condition of life where the majority of people within a specific context do not have the means nor the skills to access essential information for survival and development. It is a form of poverty that is furthermore characterised by global social injustice, and can as such be seen as one of the major poverty problems facing the new millenium. This article investigates the problem of information poverty from a moral perspective, and suggests ethical guidelines to address this form of poverty.


The phallus, the limbs and the tail are all considered appendages in the developing mammal. In mice, several key genes including FGF8, BMP4, SHH, DLX5 and DLX6 are known to control the precise pattering of the limb and phallus in the fetus (reviewed in Yamada et al. 2006). The signalling cascade in both appendages begins with SHH interacting with FGF8. In humans, disruptions to these gene pathways result in malformations of both limbs and phallus because these appendages share conserved elements in patterning and development (Yamada et al. 2003). However, this is a poorly researched area so additional models are needed to provide a greater perspective into mammalian embryonic patterning especially of the external genitalia. In marsupials, since most sexual differentiation occurs after birth, the developing phallus and limbs are accessible at stages that occur in utero in humans and other eutherian mammals. We have used the tammar as an alternative model to understand the differentiation of the phallus and limb. FGF8, SHH and megalin mRNA and protein are all expressedin the limb and phallus from the early embryo until post-natal stages. SHH and megalin were co-localised in the urethral epithelium of the tammar phallus. This is the first study to detect megalin in the developing mammalian phallus. SHH is a critical gene in patterning the appendages, and megalin is a transport protein that ferries steroids into the cell where they can bind to their cognate receptor. It has a high affinity for the potent androgen androstanediol, an androgen critical for virilisation of the tammar phallus (Leihy et al. 2004). Further examination is underway to confirm whether the expression of the genes patterning the phallus in the mouse are conserved in the marsupial and whether megalin plays any role in the patterning of the phallus, possibly mediated by SHH.


Aims to reveal the seminal role that Darwin's method and ideas played in Freud's basic thinking. Ritvo shows how Freud could have been influenced by Darwin's ideas and how the biologically rooted discipline of psychoanalysis reflects this relationship.


The aim of this paper is to analyze changes in the Argentine party system and its implications for the electoral processes, based on empirical presidential election of 2007. In this election there was a widespread fragmentation of the opposition, which resulted in a race with 13 candidates for president against the incumbent candidate Cristina Kirchner. This election was a special significance for the political parties, which were marked by internal divisions and different applications of the same club, as well as unprecedented alliances between Peronist and Radical, parties that have historically made up the Argentine political polarization. The changes in the Argentine party system will be interpreted in the historical dimension, trying to understand them within a broader temporality. After investigating the possible causes of such party fragmentation, will seek to verify its consequences for the party system and, more specifically to the electoral disputes, with particular interest in determining whether there is the explanatory key to the victory of Cristina Kirchner first round. Finally, it will examine whether the changes that affected the Argentine representative system resulted from a shift from one party democracy to a democracy of the public or there was indeed a crisis of representation.


This journal discusses the legal defects in absolute power of attorney in the form of a notarial deed. The results of research in the field at this time are still many who use absolute power in various ways, one of which is absolute power used in the process of transferring land rights, where in several regulations, among others, in the Civil Code and Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997 concerning Land Registration. clearly written regarding the prohibition of using absolute power. This study takes the formulation of the problem regarding legal defects in a notarial power of attorney, then the implementation and practice of granting power in a notarial deed and what are the legal consequences of the process of transferring land rights based on a power of attorney in the form of a notarial deed.

Keywords: absolute power of attorney, notarial deed, transfer of land rights


the earth .... ." Thus, God visited His flood upon man. It is with man's attempt to open and close the windows of the heavens that we are here concerned. Although far from perfect at this time, man's attempt at rainmaking is certainly not the least successful of his efforts to mirror his Maker. For the period November 1, 1951, through April 15, 1952, John A. Battle, meteorologist for the Santa Ana River Weather Corporation and the San Diego County Weather Corporation, made the assertion that his rainmaking activities had added "about 20 per cent more rain" than would have naturally fallen in the target area of the Santa Ana River watershed and San Diego County.2 In round figures, this was said to mean a total of 1,400,000 acre-feet of new water, for a cost of less than $40,000. This meant water for less than three cents per acre-foot! At about the same time, the staff of the Division of Water Resources of the California Department of Public Works made an Economic Report on Possible Benefits of Weather Modification Operations.3 For study purposes a ten per cent increase in precipitation was selected as a "modest figure" to measure the "reasonable positive effect" of cloud-seeding.4 Using the watershed of an irrigation district located in the east central portion of California, the staff study concluded that even such a modest increase in precipitation as that assumed would result in total annual economic benefits of approximately $2,250,000 in revenues from newly-irrigated acreage, $50,000 from sale of firm power, $51,000 in added dry farm income, $180,000 in increased yield from range land, and other substantial benefits not as readily susceptible of monetary evaluation.5


Several nonlinear transonic codes and a panel method code for wind tunnel/wall interference assessment and correction (WIAC) studies are reviewed. Contrasts between two- and three-dimensional transonic testing factors which affect WIAC procedures are illustrated with airfoil data from the NASA/Langley 0.3-meter transonic cyrogenic tunnel and Pathfinder I data. Also, three-dimensional transonic WIAC results for Mach number and angle-of-attack corrections to data from a relatively large 20 deg swept semispan wing in the solid wall NASA/Ames high Reynolds number Channel I are verified by three-dimensional thin-layer Navier-Stokes free-air solutions.


This essay suggests that the events of the 1980s require us to update Berlin's claim that "the 'positive' conception of freedom… has in fact, and as a matter of history, of doctrine and of practice, lent itself more easily" to political manipulation. These events prompt us not only to review Berlin's empirical-historical observation; they also call on us to take seriously Berlin's passing comment that the political perversion of positive liberty "can no doubt be perpetrated just as easily with the 'negative' concept of freedom". In Part II of this essay, I take forward Berlin's suggestion that negative liberty may be just as liable to be perverted as positive liberty. I close in Part III by proposing future lines of inquiry, and sketching the implications of the argument for the history of neoliberalism and the future of positive liberty.


1 Rakhmanov I.V. Essay on the history of new Western-European foreign languages' teaching methodology, Moscow: Pedagogy, 1980, 315 p. 2 Core trends in teaching methodology of foreign languages in XIX–XX centuries / Edit. by I.V.Rakhmanov, Moscow: Pedagogy, 1972, 320 p. 3 Ratner F.L. Foreign language at school, 2004, 4, p. 17–20. 4 Komkov I.F. Methodology of foreign languages teaching, Minsk: High School, 1979, p. 37–58. 5 Shatilov S.F. The technique of German language teaching in high school, Moscow: High School, 1986, 176–213 p. 6 Galskova N.D. Modern methodology of teaching foreign languages, Moscow: ARKTI, 2000, 165 p. 7 Kolker Ya.M. et al. Practical methodology of teaching a foreign language, Moscow: Academy, 2001, 264 p.


Artificial disease nursery,severe disease field and greenhouse were jointly used for Verticillium wilt disease resistance identification of a transgenic cotton line 61217-1 into which chitinase and glucanase genes were transferred.Results showed that transgenic line 61217-1 exhibited high resistant level to Verticillium wilt disease in artificial nursery during successive three years.Average disease index of line 61217-1 was 17.9,which was significantly lower than that of the acceptor CCRI 24.In 2009,in the severe disease fields,the average disease indexes of this transgenic line were 18.7,18.1 and 16.7 in Anyang,Henan Province,Dafeng,Jiangsu Province,and Shihezi,Xinjiang,respectively.These indexes were obviously lower than those of the acceptor CCRI 24,respectively.Furthermore,this chitinase-glucanase transgenic cotton line 61217-1 also showed higher resistant to strong virulent defoliating Verticillium dahliae,which was isolated from Hebei,Hubei and Xinjiang,respectively.And their average disease indexes were 16.4,16.8 and 15.6,which were significantly lower than that of CCRI 24,respectively.The results indicated that the transgenic cotton line 61217-1(Chi+Glu) exhibited excellent and stable resistance to Verticillium wilt disease.


The process of human cardiac development can be faithfully recapitulated in a culture dish with human pluripotent stem cells, where the impact of environmental stressors can be evaluated. The consequences of ionizing radiation exposure on human cardiac differentiation are largely unknown. In this study, human‐induced pluripotent stem cell cultures (hiPSCs) were subjected to an external beam of 3.7 MeV α‐particles at low mean absorbed doses of 0.5, 3, and 10 cGy. Subsequently, the hiPSCs were differentiated into beating cardiac myocytes (hiPSC‐CMs). Pluripotent and cardiac markers and morphology did not reveal differences between the irradiated and nonirradiated groups. While cell number was not affected during CM differentiation, cell number of differentiated CMs was severely reduced by ionizing radiation in a dose‐responsive manner. β‐adrenergic stimulation causes calcium (Ca2+) overload and oxidative stress. Although no significant increase in Ca2+ transient amplitude was observed in any group after treatment with 1 μmol/L isoproterenol, the incidence of spontaneous Ca2+ waves/releases was more frequent in hiPSC‐CMs of the irradiated groups, indicating arrhythmogenic activities at the single cell level. Increased transcript expression of mitochondrial biomarkers (LONP1, TFAM) and mtDNA‐encoded genes (MT‐CYB, MT‐RNR1) was detected upon differentiation of hiPSC‐CMs suggesting increased organelle biogenesis. Exposure of hiPSC‐CM cultures to 10 cGy significantly upregulated MT‐CYB and MT‐RNR1 expression, which may reflect an adaptive response to ionizing radiation. Our results indicate that important aspects of differentiation of hiPSCs into cardiac myocytes may be affected by low fluences of densely ionizing radiations such as α‐particles.


The invention relates to ecological residences for the human, in particular to a modern agricultural ecological garden. The integral ecological garden is in the shape of a heart and provided with a water system and roads which run through the ecological garden, and comprises a center square, factory zones, ecological planning zones, livestock raising zones, entertainment zones, egg-shaped houses and landscape zones, wherein the factory zones, the ecological planning zones, the livestock raising zones, the entertainment zones, the egg-shaped houses and the landscape zones surround the center square. The ecological planting zones include rice zones, orchards, landscape zones, corn zones and vegetable zones, and the rice zones, the orchards, the landscape zones, the corn zones and the vegetable zones are arranged surrounding the center square. The factory zones include fungus processing factories, food processing factories, biogas digesters, sewage treatment plants, wind power plants, solar power plants and hydraulic power plants. Windmill groups are arranged around the ecological garden by a circle to so as to form a wind power generating unit. The ecological garden has multiple complete biologic chains, utilizes novel energy sources such as biogas, wind power, solar power and the like reasonably, modifies natural environments reasonably, and is convenient in traffic, low in cost, comfortable for residence and low in environmental pollution.


This paper is a discussion of tritium production levels we might expect in the Dolomitic rock adjacent to NuMI beam tunnels.


The construction of city brand and tourism brand image is an important proposition affecting the development of a city. The corresponding research and practice have been widely carried out in the domestic tourist cities. As the economic, political and cultural center among the three northeastern provinces, the lack of urban brand image in Shenyang is an unfavourable factor during the process of constructing a national central city. Also problems in Shenyang's city brand construction are analyzed in detail in this paper. And following countermeasures and suggestions has been put forward: the relevant government departments should strengthen the brand awareness, the role of regional culture in shaping the Shenyang's tourism image should be fully played, the brand design should be selected through a variety of channels, and the popularity of Shenyang's tourism brands has been raised with the help of large events and festivals. The current situation of CIS brand strategy implementing in domestic cities The section headings are in boldface capital and lowercase letters. Second level headings are typed as part of the succeeding paragraph (like the subsection heading of this paragraph). The Importance of the CIS Introduction Strategy about Brand Image of the City The Unique City Image Can Offer Helps in the Charm and Attraction of the City A city without special features or brand image is unattractive to everyone. And the excellent city image can effectively improve the charm and attraction of the city, which plays a unique role in attraction of talent, investment and tourism. The Unique City Brand Position Can Offer Guidance in the Development and Promotion of the City If a brand is full of vitality, it must be more attractive, inspiring, and capable of holding people's minds and hearts. City brand positioning does not only reflect the real products provided by the city, but can also guide the development and promotion of the city. The Unique City Brand Image Can Offer Helps in the Regional Culture Protection Regional historical culture and geographical resources are not only the foundation and source of the city image, but also the original elements of the difference in it. The emphasis on city geo recognition can make the city image equipped with more personality elements. Further more, it can also inherit the culture of regional characteristics and make it more radiant indeed. The General Situation about Brand Image Design Introducing in Domestic Cities According to the survey data of 2016, 34 provincial administrative regions have their own tourism image design in China. Among the "Best Tourist City", "Excellent Tourist City" and other major municipal administrative areas, 41% of them have a tourist image. These provinces and regions are mainly distributed in the eastern, southern and central regions of China, especially in southeastern coastal areas, with Jiangsu, Guangdong and Zhejiang provinces as dense areas. This phenomenon shows that the application of urban tourism image in China is closely related to regional tourism resources and the degree of economic development indeed. As far as design effect is concerned, many city brand designs still need to be improved and improved. There are many deficiencies in tourism logo: information transmission is not accurate; graphics are too simple; lack of formal beauty and cultural connotations; lack of visual language and 7th International Conference on Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development (ICEESD 2018) Copyright © 2018, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Advances in Engineering Research, volume 163


Counselor educators are challenged to prepare students for working with culturally diverse clients. The recent attention paid to multicultural counseling competencies has defined domains of learning; however, training methods to support the development of multicultural counseling competencies have received less emphasis. This article focuses on experiential learning as a teaching and learning methodology to increase students' multicultural counseling competencies. The authors outline ethical and practical suggestions for using experiential learning in multicultural counseling curriculum.


After decades of denial, German academic medicine was reluctant to accept responsibility for its complex collaboration with the Nazi regime. Consequently, much of this history needs further detailed exploration, as legacies from this history still exist in the form of "Books, Bones and Bodies." Specifically, this concerns the legacies of anatomists' use of bodies of Nazi victims in teaching and research, as "data" have become anatomical knowledge and specimens from victims continue to be discovered.


Phenolic resins such as resol or novolac phenol-formaldehyde (PF) ones have been synthesized and etherified with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) with different molecular weights (1000, 1500, 4000). The solution behaviors in aqueous medium of the prepared resol and novolac phenol-formaldehyde ethoxylated resins, as nonionic polymeric surfactants with different hydrophilic chains lengths, have been interpreted. Surface and interfacial tension measurements as well as emulsifying power and foaming properties of the tested nonionic polymeric surfactants were studied. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the value of free surface energy reached at this concentration γ C M C were also measured. Coatings on metal, made of the investigated phenolic ethoxylated resins, were prepared and evaluated as varnishes. This study indicated that the free surface energy of the prepared nonionic polymeric surfactants as well as the ease of formation of aggregates increase with PEG hydrophilic chain length increasing. Also, it was found that coating compositions based on resol PF ethoxylated resins with PEG-4000 offer chain flexibility and excellent coating properties.


For the Tian-Guang HVDC Transmission Project, the fundamental frequency overvoltages which can occur as a result of partial or complete interruption to transmitted power play an important role in the design and operation of the converter at Tianshengqiao. The paper describes some of the operating conditions which may result in high values of overvoltages along with solutions and trade-offs which were adopted to limit the overvoltages to acceptable levels.


Consumers' brand-switching behavior, or the non-sustainability of consumer loyalty to a brand, brings huge losses to affected companies. Thus, the investigation of factors behind consumers' brand-switching is very important. The study analyzes the mechanism and configuration of brand-switching intention in order to provide guidelines for increasing brand competitiveness. Using empirical analysis (SEM) and qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), this study elucidates the motives and mechanisms in operation when customers decide whether to stay with a particular brand or switch to an alternative. The data was collected in August 2017. The results of SEM showed that the attractiveness of an alternate brand had a negative influence on current brand image recognition and brand value recognition, which could produce negative emotions that then lead to a brand-switching intention. The fsQCA uncovered six combinations or configurations of variables that could lead to brand-switching. This study has both theoretical and practical outcomes for competitive branding.


In the article it was determined that significant changes have taken place in the meat market of Ukraine as a result of the reformation processes in the country and in the agricultural sector. The dynamics of meat production in general and by main types were analyzed. The comprehensive analysis of the balances of beef, pork and poultry meat has been carried out. Meat producers are increasing their production volumes with a decline in certain branches of animal husbandry, and, accordingly, the structure of production is changing. The share of pork meat and beef meat decreased significantly, while the share of poultry meat production increased. The structure of the meat market was considered and the features of its functioning were revealed. It has been determined that the poultry meat market is competitive and efficient among other meat markets. The poultry industry has consistently maintained positive production dynamics over the past years. The pork market is fluctuating due to outbreaks of African swine fever and competition from the poultry market. The beef market is at a loss. It was argued that an increase in the poultry population, production volumes and the share of poultry meat in the structure of the meat market is a modern global trend. This was justified by affordability, cultural aspects, increased attention to the environment and personal health. Further development of the meat market depends on the prioritization of development and mechanisms of state support.


Identifying illegal intruders is a crucial issue in subway safety management. This paper performs an intrusion detection trial through distributed vibration measurements on a real underground engineering and the ultra-weak fiber optic Bragg grating (FBG) sensing technology was adopted to glean the strucutral vibration signal of the intruder loading. The results showed that the signal model in the distributed structural vibration can be utilized to illustrate the location and speed of the intruders. Besides, the information in both time and frequency domains in the selected experimental area demonstrated that the ultra-weak FBG-based approach is able to distinguish designed intrusion cases in terms of pattern and strength.


The invention relates to a method for magnetic resonance imaging of an examination object, a magnetic resonance apparatus and a computer program product. In order to enable an advantageous determination of a recording area for the magnetic resonance imaging, it is proposed that the method for magnetic resonance imaging an object under examination by means of a magnetic resonance apparatus, the following process steps: - selecting a first receiving area which is of cuboidal design, - automatic determination of a second receiving area, which represents such an adjustment of the first recording area, that the second receiving area is formed cuboid, - detecting magnetic resonance measurement data from the entire second recording area, - reconstruction of the magnetic resonance image data from the magnetic resonance measurement data and - providing an image region of the magnetic resonance image data.


Some new criteria for the bounded oscillation of nonlinear fourth order difference equation ∆ " 1 a3(n) " ∆ " 1 a2(n) " ∆ " 1 a1(n) (∆x(n))1 ««α2«α3«« + q(n)f(x[g(n)]) = 0 are established.


The utility model discloses a mini-sized loudspeaker. The mini-sized loudspeaker comprises a vibration system, a magnetic circuit system and a peripheral framework; the vibration system comprises a vibrating diaphragm and a voice coil, the magnetic circuit system is provided with a magnetic gap for accommodating and fixing the voice coil, and the peripheral framework comprises a housing for accommodating and fixing the vibration system and the magnetic circuit system; an electric connecting piece is combined between the voice coil and the vibrating diaphragm and provided with pads which are electrically connected with lead wires of the voice coil; the pads are positioned in inner side areas of orthographic projection of the voice coil on the electric connecting piece, and the pads are positioned at positions adjacent to the voice coil; the lead wires of the voice coil are led out from one side close to the electric connecting piece and electrically connected with the pads of the electric connecting piece; and the pads of the electric connecting piece are positioned at an upper side, far from the voice coil, of the electric connecting piece, and the lead wires of the voice coil upwardly extend after being led out from an upper end of the voice coil and then are electrically connected with the pads. An additional wire smoothing structure is not required for the structure, the problem that the lead wires of the voice coil are broken and the like is prevented, the magnetic circuit system is not required to provide avoidance, and product performance and operating reliability are ensured.


Blunted respiratory responses to hypoxia in mutant mice deficient in nitric oxide synthase-3. J Appl Physiol 88: 1496– 1508, 2000.—In the present study, the role of nitric oxide (NO) generated by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS-3) in the control of respiration during hypoxia and hypercapnia was assessed using mutant mice deficient in NOS-3. Experiments were performed on awake and anesthetized mutant and wild-type (WT) control mice. Respiratory responses to 100, 21, and 12% O 2 and 3 and 5% CO 2 -balance O 2 were analyzed. In awake animals, respiration was monitored by body plethysmography along with O 2 consumption (V ˙ O 2 ) and CO 2 production (V ˙ CO 2 ). In anesthetized, spontaneously breathing mice, integrated efferent phrenic nerve activity was monitored as an index of neural respiration along with arterial blood pressure and blood gases. Under both experimental conditions, WT mice responded with greater increases in respiration during 12% O 2 than mutant mice. Respiratory responses to hyperoxic hypercapnia were comparable between both groups of mice. Arterial blood gases, changes in blood pressure, V ˙ O 2 , and V ˙ CO 2 during hypoxia were comparable between both groups of mice. Respiratory responses to cyanide and brief hyperoxia were attenuated in mutant compared with WT mice, indicating reduced peripheral chemoreceptor sensitivity. cGMP levels in the brain stem during 12% O 2 , taken as an index of NO production, were greater in mutant compared with WT mice. These observations demonstrate that NOS-3 mutant mice exhibit selective blunting of the respiratory responses to hypoxia but not to hypercapnia, which in part is due to reduced peripheral chemosensitivity. These results support the idea that NO generated by NOS-3 is an important physiological modulator of respiration during hypoxia. 1% X-100-PBS. CGA- and TH-positive staining was used to identify glomus cells (29, 58). Parallel experiments were performed on sections without the primary antibody. After a 15-min PBS wash (3 times), sections were incubated for 120 min with biotinylated anti-rabbit IgG (1:200; Vector Laboratories) in 1% NGS-0.2% Triton X-100-PBS at room temperature. Immu-nostaining was visualized by the Vectastain Elite avidin- biotinylated enzyme complex method (Vector Laboratories) using diaminobenzidine peroxidase substrate. CGA- and TH- immunoreactive cells were counted manually in each tissue section ( n 5 5 sections/carotid body, n 5 6 carotid bodies from each group). Data are presented as means 6 SE of positively stained cells per tissue section, and statistical significance was evaluated by unpaired t -test. challenge, represents the average of three trials. All results are expressed as means 6 SE. Paired t -tests were used to evaluate if each animal responded with significant increases in respiration during 21 and 12% O 2 compared with 100% O 2 . Significance of changes between WT and mutant mice was determined by an unpaired t -test. P values , 0.05 were considered significant.


I deeply appreciate the opportunity to state my views on S.B. Nos. 5, 110, 223, 918, and 1403, all of which seek to decriminalize libel either by repealing the provision defining libel as a crime, or by removing the prison term and reducing the penalty for libel to a mere fine. With due recognition of the high purposes which motivated the filing of the bills -which is to give scope to the constitutional right of expression -I believe that the way to achieve these goals is not by decriminalizing libel but by making discussions of matters of public concern and criticisms of official conduct privileged, defeasible only by proof of actual malice. This proposal would reform the law with respect to political libel but preserve it with respect to private libel.


The aim is to give a solution of time slot synchronization in wireless Mesh networks(WMN).The traditional solution used full directional antenna in addition with asynchronous contention channel accession mechanism.The efficiency drops because interference between nodes became extremely worse when networks scale expanded.Nodes transmit and receive data in pre-allocated time slots and antenna to reduce interferences.It raised the efficiency a lot.Works are done about discussing features and advantages of synchronous WMN comparing with asynchronous WMN,and significance of synchronization accuracy to WMN.An algorithm of time slot syn-chronization based on GPS second pulse signal is proposed and realized on CPLD platform.


In all existing quantum walk models, the assumption about a pre-existing fixed background causal structure is always made and has been taken for granted. Nevertheless, in this work we will get rid of this tacit assumption especially by introducing indefinite causal order ways of coin tossing and investigate this modern scenario. We find that an ideal-shape and fast-spreading uniform distribution can be prepared with our new model. First we will show how an always-symmetrical instantaneous distribution appears in an indefinite causal order quantum walk, which then paves the way for deriving conditions that enables one to interpret an evolved state as a superposition of its definite causal order counterparts which is however in general prohibited. This property of temporal superposition of states can be generalized from two-process scenarios to cases where arbitrary many N processes are involved. Finally, we demonstrate how a genuine uniform distribution emerges from an indefinite causal order quantum walk. Remarkably, besides the ideal shape of the distribution, our protocol has another powerful advantage, that is the speed of spatial spreading reaches exactly the theoretical limit in contrast to conventional cases where one may encounter the well-known issue of a 1/ √ 2 degeneration.


The computer three dimension simulative technology of flexible satellite which is controlled by H∞, robustious control algorithm was studied. The computer three dimension animation simulation of fly attitude of flexible satellite was came true. The effect of control method is revealed intuitively. A new approach of graph simulation about control system was inaugurated.


We define and study a new class of continuous distributions called the Poisson-  family . We present three of its several special models. Some of its mathematical properties including explicit expressions for the ordinary and incomplete moments, quantile and generating functions and entropies are provided. The estimations of the model parameters is carried out using maximum likelihood method. The flexibility of the new family is illustrated by means of two applications to real data sets.


.... &dquo;In January 1949 there were 39 countries with compulsory health and maternity insurance programs or voluntary subsidized programs with broad coverage, providing cash benefits to partly replace wage loss and medical care services for insured persons, or a public medical service for all or most of the population. In January 1954 there were 41 countries with such programs. &dquo;The 5 additional countries with health and maternity insur-


Motivation Recent technological advances enable the profiling of spatial single cell expression data. Such data presents a unique opportunity to study cell-cell interactions and the signaling genes that mediate them. However, most current methods for the analysis of this data focus on unsupervised descriptive modeling, making it hard to identify key signaling genes and quantitatively assess their impact. Results We developed a Mixture of Experts for Spatial Signaling genes Identification (MESSI) method to identify active signaling genes within and between cells. The mixture of experts strategy enables MESSI to subdivide cells into subtypes. MESSI relies on multi-task learning using information from neighboring cells to improve the prediction of response genes within a cell. Applying the methods to three spatial single cell expression datasets, we show that MESSI accurately predicts the levels of response genes, improving upon prior methods and provides useful biological insights about key signaling genes and subtypes of excitatory neuron cells. Availability MESSI is available at: https://github.com/doraadong/MESSI Contact email@example.com


In this study the analysis of correlation between meteorological parameters and chronologies was performed both for individual monthly values (from June precedent year to August current year of ring formation) and seasonal values: pON (previous October November) and II (current June July). Related to the thermal regime, positive and statistically significant are current growing season temperatures, respectively in June (0.40) and July (0.33). Previous autumn temperatures are positively correlated with radial growth, but at the limit of statistical significance (October: 0.23 November: 0.24). Level of rainfall in February has a positive influence on radial growth processes, but at the limit of statistical significance.


A 16 month old toddler presented with global developmental delay, truncal hypotonia and microcephaly. Her background history was significant for bilateral developmental dysplasia of the hip, recurrent upper respiratory tract infections, conductive hearing loss and a scalp haemangioma. Development had been apparently normal up until 6 months of age. Over the course of her follow-up she developed signs of cerebellar dysfunction including intention tremor and broad based ataxia, chronic feeding difficulties, pigmentary retinopathy and skin photosensitivity. MRI brain at age 2.5 years showed delayed myelination and cerebellar atrophy. A skeletal muscle biopsy revealed reduced activities for the respiratory chain complexes I, II and IV, in particular, in keeping with a mitochondrial condition. After extensive genetic investigations failed to identify the underlying aetiology, an exome sequencing study was carried out and revealed a mutation in the ERCC6 DNA repair gene, consistent with Cockayne syndrome (OMIM # 133540). This is a rare autosomal recessive genetic condition which causes microcephaly, developmental delay and failure to thrive, along with sun sensitivity, tooth decay, bone abnormalities, hearing and vision loss and other symptoms. The patient has been managed with multidisciplinary care and symptomatic treatment, including skin protection, as well as nutritional and multivitamin supplements. She is wheelchair bound and non-verbal but otherwise medically well at age 7 yrs. Many clinical signs seen in patients with Cockayne syndrome are also found in patients with a primary mitochondrial disease. Conversely, secondary dysfunctional mitochondria may also contribute to the phenotype of patients with Cockayne syndrome. Taken together, this case demonstrates the value of exome sequencing in diagnosing and differentiating rare disorders with diverse and overlapping phenotypes, including primary and secondary mitochondrial conditions, which are less likely to be diagnosed on clinical grounds and biochemical investigations alone.


In the late 1990s, Eldorado Gold had ambitious plans to develop two properties inTurkey, Kislidag and Efemcukuru, which would raise it from the rank of a junior to an intermediate mining company. However, it was first necessary to overcome enormous challenges in terms of social acceptability given that no other company had been able to successfully develop and operate a gold mine in modern-day Turkey. The only recently opened mine, Ovacik, belonging to Eurogold, had its mining permit revoked soon after due to opposition from the community based on environmental concerns. Eldorado's two properties were near the Ovacik mine. Eldorado recognized that in order to develop the mining project and create value for its shareholders, it would have to find a way to gain social acceptability. In these difficult circumstances, Wayne Dunn & Asso ciates (WDA) was hired to help the company foster conditions that would allow it to successfully develop and mine Kislidag and Efemcukuru. A number of factors allowed the company's strategy to succeed: ` a strong local team that understood the importance of community relations and who recognized the need to create value for local stakeholders; ` acknowledgement that agriculture is both an economic and cultural pillar for many of the local people in the region; ` the creation of a venue where people could engage in dialogue and discuss the project; ` collaborating with development partners at different levels of government, with international organizations, and with university groups and others, in order to engage their expertise and share the credit with them; ` strategic social investments that supported the traditional agricultural sector and responded to community needs, such as water. Fifteen years later, the evidence is clear that instead of destroying the agricultural cornerstone of a region, responsible mining practices and strategic community investments created conditions that bolstered the agricultural sector. The successful implementation of this strategy led to social acceptance for Eldorado and for the development and operation of its Kislidag et Efemcukuru projects. Conferences