The affected pregnancy was the first of a nonconsanguineous Caucasian couple of English descent. The parents were each 27 years of age, had had no prior pregnancies, were in good health, and had no significant medical illness. The early pregnancy was uncomplicated. A maternal serum alpha· fetoprotein (MSAFP) sample was obtained at 16 weeks of gestation with dating based on a 6-week sonographic examination. The MSAFP value returned at 9.4 multiples of the median (MoM). A sonogram obtained at 17.3 weeks of gestation revealed biometry consistent with dating, normal amniotic fluid volume, normal intracranial anatomy, and normal spine, ventral wall, and bladder. The kidneys appeared slightly echogenic but were normal in size using tables developed by Lawson and coworkers (Fig. 1). The MSAFP evaluation repeated at 17.8 weeks, was 9.3 MoM. The family was counseled regarding the significant risks of such an elevated MSAFP level as well as the limitations of ultrasound examination. At 18.3 weeks, a repeat sonogram was obtained and showed appropriate interval growth. The kidneys on this examination were of normal size and echogenicity and no anatomic abnormalities were detected. An amniocentesis was performed, which revealed a karyotype of 46,XY. The AFP concentration in the fluid was 46.4 mg per di, or 43.8 MoM; the acetylcholinesterase was negative. The family was in· formed of the risk of congenital nephrotic syndrome and of the possibility of an undetected anatomic abnormality. Be· cause of high likelihood of congenital nephrotic syndrome, prenatal con&ultation with a pediatric nephrologist was ar· ranged for the family. A follow-up sonogram at 25 weeks of gestation demonstrated normal renal echogenicity but for the first time showed bila teral renal enlargement, both kidneys measuring 36 mm (Fig. 2). The remainder of the study, including am· niotic fluid volume, continued to be nonnal. Examinations at 26 and 30 weeks showed progressive renal enlargement, with both kidneys measuring 43 mm in length on the later study. The placenta, equivocally thick on earlier studies, measured 42 mm on the 30-week examination, greater than two standard deviations above the mean established by Haddick and colleagues. A 1450 gram boy was born at 33 weeks of gestation after premature labor with fetal distress. Apgar scores were 5 and 7 at 1 and 5 minutes, respectively. Meconium staining was present at delivery, and the baby required a brief period of intubation for respiratory distress. Physical examination revealed large, firm kidneys. Massive proteinuria was present from birth. A sonogram obtained several hours after birth demonstrated large, echogenic kidneys (Fig. 3). The right kidney measured 49 mm, the left 48 mm. There was no hydronephrosis. The baby's neonatal course was complicated by hepatitis and intraventricular hemorrhage. A renal biopsy at 10 weeks of age showed congenital nephrotic syndrome of the Finnish type. During the first year of life, he developed pyloric stenosis, hepatic fibrosis associated with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, gastroesophageal reflux, and failure to thrive. He sustained two cerebrovascular accidents owing to hypercoa· gulability of the nephrotic syndrome, treated with prophy· lactic aspirin. He was managed with nutritional supplemen• Received April 17, 1991, from the Departments of• Radiology, tation and intravenous albumen infusions. At 1 year of age, t Medicine and Reproductive Medicine, and t Pediatrics, University the kidneys remained enlarged and echogenic (Fig. 4), He of California, San Diego, California. Revised manuscript accepted underwent nephrectomy at age 16 months, peritoneal di for publication August 21. 1991. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dolores Pretorius: alysis, and successful living related donor renal transplant at UCSD Medical Center, Division of Diagnostic Ultrasound (8759), 18 months. He remains significantly developmentally de225 Dickinson Street, San Diego, CA 92103-8759. layed at 2 years of age.


Work-life balance play an important role in influencing employee's quality of social and working life together with job satisfaction in the organization. Nowadays, teachers are also included in the context of work-life balance due to academic workload and career issues. In this study, researchers aim to explore work-life balance policies that influence teacher's job satisfaction in selected Malaysia boarding school. Only 56 school teachers were selected to represent as respondents consist of teachers from language, mathematics, science, social science, counselling unit, and vice principals department. The questionnaires were distributed using convenience sampling. The elements of work-life balance policies such as flexibility policies, welfare policies, job design and leave provisions were included in this study to examine potential influence on teacher's job satisfaction. Based on statistical analysis using SPSS, Pearson Correlation analysis four elements of work-life balance policies indicated positive and significant relationship with job satisfaction, with flexibility policies showed the strongest relationship toward teacher's job satisfaction. Most of teachers in selected Malaysian boarding school also demonstrated high level of job satisfaction at the workplace.


Title: A study to assess the knowledge and attitude of B.Sc. Nursing Students regarding prevention of Pressure Ulcers in selected Nursing Colleges of Kashmir. Objectives: To assess the level of knowledge and attitude regarding prevention of pressure ulcers among B.Sc. Nursing Students. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. With the non-probability consecutive sampling 60 study participants from B.Sc. Nursing 2nd and 3rd year were selected. Tool used in this study included three sections, Section-I including demographic Performa of students such as age, gender, area of residence and family type. Section-II including standardized Pressure ulcer knowledge assessment tool with 25 item questionnaire on knowledge and prevention of pressure ulcers. Section-III including standardized Likert Scale to assess attitude regarding prevention of pressure ulcers Data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistical technique. Result: The data analysis revealed that the majority of study subjects 68.3% had poor knowledge and 83.3% of study subjects have neutral attitude, regarding prevention of pressure ulcers. Conclusion: The study concluded that study subjects had average knowledge and neutral attitude regarding prevention of pressure ulcers and there should be more awareness regarding prevention of pressure ulcers which can be achieved by giving more knowledge to students regarding prevention of pressure ulcers. All specialized nursing courses should cover pressure ulcer prevention issues in order to provide better knowledge of pressure ulcer prevention to students. To advance nursing knowledge of pressure ulcer prevention in Jammu Kashmir, further studies should be conducted to evaluate the course material of pressure ulcer prevention in the nursing curriculum.


[Objective]To explore early appropriate fluid resuscitation for severe acute pancreatitis patients.[Methods]From January 2009 to May 2011,36 patients with SAP in our hospital were randomly divided into control group and observation group.Based on the conventional treatment method,the control group was used with rapid,large-volume fluid resuscitation,the observation group was treated with appropriate fluid resuscitation.Compared the average time of expansion up to standard,infusion speed,fluid retention,biochemical index,total complication rate and prognosis of patients in two groups.[Results]In the control group,the fluid expansion time and HCT of patients were significantly lower than in the observation group(P﹤0.05);the average speed of infusion,fluid retention volume were significantly higher in the control group than in the observation group(P﹤0.05);serum BUN,SCr,AST,ALT,TBiL and AMY of patients in the observation group after treatment were significantly decreased than in the control group,and the arterial blood oxygen pressure(PaO2)increased significantly,both with significant difference(P﹤0.05);the mechanical ventilation rate,APACHE II score,abdominal compartment syndrome,heart failure rate,MODS rate,mortality rate were significantly higher in the contrl group than in the observation group(P﹤0.05),the intra-abdominal pressure in the control group was significantly higher than that in the observation group(P﹤0.05).[Conclusion]The early appropriate fluid resuscitation may be effective in restoration of circulating blood volume,preventing fluid retention,which can significantly improve the cure rate,is worth popularizing.


A new multi-band planar printed antenna was designed for frequency bands of WLAn and WiMAX. By adding a smaller coupling circle ring and a single branch on the bigger circle ring, three resonant frequencies were generated. The measured results show that the return losses at band of 2.5/3.5/5.3 GHz (WLAN/WiMAX) are all less than −10dB. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated ones.


Near 20 varieties or strains of Liaomian-series with disease resistance have been bred since 1951. These varieties resistant to verticillium wilt and to both of Fusarium and verticillium wilts were first reported in China. TheLiaomian 10 and other good varieties have ben widely planted in early-maturing producing areas (e.g., Huanhe andXinjiang areas) and provided antigens for mere than 10 fameus resistant varieties.


Existing SDN network only provides basic network functions, but load balancing is not well reflected in the system. To solve such problem, this paper takes the cloud data center as the research object, provides the overall framework of network load balancing based on SDN controller, and explains the role and relationship of each part. By analyzing the traffic characteristics of the data center network, we schedule elephant flows in combination with SDN and link load evaluation algorithm to reserve bandwidth for other flows. After modeling and analyzing it, a scheduling algorithm is used to calculate the re-routing, and to realize the load balance of link traffic. The simulation results show that when the network load is large, the improved scheme can effectively improve the network throughput, round-trip delay and average packet loss rate.


This paper criticizes radical constructivism of the Glasersfeld type, pointing out some contradictions between the declared radical principles and their theoretical and practical development. These contradictions manifest themselves in a frequent oscillation between solipsism and realism, despite constructivist claims to be an anti-realist theory. The paper also points out the contradiction between the relativism of the radical constructivist principles and the constructivist exclusion of other epistemological or educational paradigms. It also disputes the originality and importance of the radical constructivist paradigm, suggesting the idea of an isomorphism between radical constructivist theory and contemplative realism. In addition, some pedagogical and scientific methodological aspects of the radical constructivist model are examined. Although radical constructivism claims to be a rational theory and advocates deductive thinking, it is argued that there is no logical deductive connection between the radical principles of constructivism and the radical constructivist ideas about scientific research and learning. The paper suggests the possibility of an ideological substratum in the construction and hegemonic success of subjective constructivism and, finally, briefly advances an alternative realist model to epistemological and educational radical constructivism. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Sci Ed86:840–855, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/sce.10005


A pulsed DF chemical laser has been used to excite DF molecules to their first vibrational level. Decay of the infrared DF fluorescence was used to calculate the vibrational relaxation times of DF due to collisions with itself at temperatures between 468 and 920°K as well as at room temperature. The high temperature data were obtained in a laser‐induced fluorescence experiment performed behind a reflected shock wave in a shock tube. The relaxation time of DF(1) due to DF collisions was measured and determined to be 0.063± 0.005μsec · atm at 295°K increasing to 0.36± 0.03μsec· atm at 900°K, which was in agreement with previous shock tube measurements. A measurement of the rate for DF(1)+DF(1)⇄ DF(0)+DF(2) gave a value of kν ν=1.96± 0.2× 1013 cc/mole· sec at 295°K. The rate for the reaction DF(1)+CO2(000)⇄ DF(0)+CO2(001) rate was measured to be 115(μsec· atm−1 at 295°K decreasing to 32± 3(μ sec· atm)−1 at 720°K. Deactivation of CO2(001) by DF was measured to be 8.0± 0.8 (μ sec· atm)−1 at 470°K and 18± 2(μse...


This paper places genocide or mass murder in a continuum of actions that a ruling power can take to remove an unwanted group from a society; that is, it views extermination as a means to an end, and it assumes that perpetrators are rational in the sense that they will choose the combination of means that can achieve the goal at the minimum cost to themselves. The means are assimilation into the general society, physical removal from view (which may involve either deportation within the country or exile from the country), and extermination. The available options and their costs will depend on the type of group, viz.: ethnic/national/racial, religious, income/property class, political. After developing the theoretical framework, the paper surveys a range of historical case studies from different types of group and finds good support for the cost-minimization hypothesis. In particular, it finds that in most cases the choice of means is an interior solution, as the hypothesis would lead one to expect, and that the chosen combination shifts as relative costs change.


Simple Summary In light of emerging pathogenic threats affecting wildlife, it is important to broaden the current understanding of immune system function, development, and evolution. The relation of descent of immune traits is critical to understand the ability of organisms to handle pathogens. Here, we explore the evolution of toll-like receptors (TLRs), a series of receptors crucial to the initial immune response in reptiles. Our analysis revealed that the common ancestor may have had an immune system that lacked two receptors: TLR 15, a receptor uniquely present in Reptilia, and TLR 13, a receptor important in the recognition of pathogens. Additionally, our analysis showed a dynamic evolution for various TLRs, likely attributed to redundancies in function. Abstract Among vertebrates, some of the most vulnerable taxa to emergent fungal pathogens are members of Reptilia. In light of the growing threat of emergent fungal pathogens affecting wildlife, it is important to broaden the current understanding of immune system function, development, and evolution. The homologous condition of a trait is necessary in order to study its evolution, as such, homology is necessary in the study of immunological evolution. Here, we explore the evolution of toll-like receptors (TLRs), a series of homologous receptors crucial to the initial immune response. The homologous condition of TLR genes provides a unique system in which to explore the evolution of the TLR; using a Reptilian phylogeny, we elucidate the immune condition of the basal diapsid. Our analysis revealed that the basal diapsid may have had an immune system that lacked two receptors: TLR 15, a receptor uniquely present in Reptilia, and TLR 13, a receptor important in the recognition of nucleic acid motifs. Additionally, our analysis showed multiple losses and convergences for various TLRs, likely attributed to redundancies in receptor function. Further exploration into the immune condition of extinct taxa may shed light on the evolution of the reptilian immune system.


An indirect method for the determination of interatomic potentials from measurements of the far wings of atomic absorption lines perturbed by neutral atoms is described. In this method the potential parameters are derived by optimum adjustment of line shapes calculated on the basis of the PHQSB-theory (binary approximation of the quasistatic theory of line broadening), assuming Lennard- Jones interaction, to measured profiles of an atomic absorption line perturbed by neutral atoms. The method is applied to measurements of the Hg-absorption line λ 2537 Å, perturbed by Ar and Hg at an Ar number density of 1.26 × 1019 cm-3 and Hg number densities between 7.4 × 1016 and 3.36 × 1018 cm-3, corresponding to temperatures between 427 and 563.5 °K. The reliability of the resulting L.-J.-parameters is discussed by considering the validity criteria of the PHQSB-theory and by comparison with potential curves obtained from other spectroscopic data.


The legal order is composed not only of legal norms but also of values. An axiological aspect of law becomes important especially in the acts of law interpretation and application. By reconstructing values a legislator presumes there is a possibility to reconstruct his complete axiological system. This system contains three types of values: legally binding values inbuilt in legal norms (especially in principles), reference values (this kind of values must be applied by courts in accordance with reference provisions) and universal values.


Developing computational tools for predicting protein struc- tural information given their amino acid sequence is of primary importance in protein science. Problems, such as the prediction of secondary struc- tures, of solvent accessibility, or of disordered regions, can be expressed as sequence labeling problems and could be solved independently by ex- isting machine learning based sequence labeling approaches. But, since these problems are closely related, we propose to rather approach them jointly in a multi-task approach. To this end, we introduce a new generic framework for iterative multi-task sequence labeling. We apply this - con- ceptually simple but quite effective - strategy to jointly solve a set of five protein annotation tasks. Our empirical results with two protein datasets show that the proposed strategy significantly outperforms the single-task approaches.


With the development of Internet of Vehicles (IoV), the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) and manual vehicles becomes inevitable in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). In ITS, the IoVs communicate wirelessly with other IoVs, Road Side Unit (RSU) and Cloud Server using an open channel Internet. The openness of above participating entities and their communication technologies brings challenges such as security vulnerabilities, data privacy, transparency, verifiability, scalability, and data integrity among participating entities. To address these challenges, we present a Privacy-Preserving based Secured Framework for Internet of Vehicles (P2SF-IoV). P2SF-IoV integrates blockchain and deep learning technique to overcome aforementioned challenges, and works on two modules. First, a blockchain module is developed to securely transmit the data between IoV-RSU-Cloud. Second, a deep learning module is designed that uses the data from blockchain module to detect intrusion and its performance is assessed using two network datasets IoT-Botnet and ToN-IoT. In contrast with other peer privacy-preserving intrusion detection strategies, the P2SF-IoV approach is compared, and the experimental results reveal that in both blockchain and non-blockchain based solutions, the proposed P2SF-IoV framework outperforms.


The proposed method realizes adaptive reduced-dimension processing based on joint optimization of both reduced-dimension matrix and beam-forming weight vector. Meanwhile, the spatial spectrum reconstruction technology is used to update the covariance matrix of array data online. The simulation results show that the proposed method is robust to the dimension of the reduced-dimension matrix and significantly improves the output SINR of adaptive beam-former under the condition of few samples.


Pnina G. Abir-Am isNSF Visiting Associate Professor in the Department of History of Science at the Johns Hopkins University, where she teaches the history of molecular biology and the history of women in science. She edited Uneasy Careers and Intimate Lives: Women in Science, 17891979, with Dorinda Outram (Rutgers Univ. Press, 1989), and has an article coming out in the Sociology of Science Yearbook, 1992, 16.


According to the characteristics of animal pharmacy and students in this major,reform of teaching content and methods were tried.Good attempt of teaching means stimulated students' interest in Veterinary Pharmacology and promoted their initiative and enthusiasm to study Veterinary Pharmacology.


AbstractThis study was performed to assess the effects of two high concentrations (about 380 mg/m3 and about 38 mg/m3) of inhaled cigarette smoke on tracer particle clearance from the head airways region and the thoracic (primarily deep lung) region of ferrets exposed during postnatal respiratory tract development. Ferrets were exposed 2 h/days, 5 days/wk to purified air or to the smoke aerosols starting at 5 wk of age, for a total of 15 wk of exposure. Three weeks prior to the end of the 15-wk exposure regimen, radiolabeled tracer particles were deposited by inhalation, and the clearance rates from the head airways and thoracic regions were monitored for 18 days. The head airways counting data were accurately fit by a double exponential function, reflecting fast-clearing and slow-clearing components. The thoracic counting data were adequately fit by a single exponential function. Statistically significant accelerations of particle clearance rates were observed for the slow-clearing and fast-clearing phas...


The invention relates to a preparation method of a mesylate, p-toluenesulfonate, succinate, tartrate, sulfate, nitrate, phosphate, salicylate, fumarate, maleate, gallate, acetylsalicylate, benzene sulfonate, citrate, aspartate, glutamine, lactate, gluconate, ascorbate, malonate, malate, sorbate, acetate or formate of 1-benzyl-4-[(5,6-dimethoxy-1-indone)-2-yl]methylpiperidine (Donepezil), a novel polymorphic substances formed by the same and a preparation method thereof, and an eutectic substance formed by Donepezil hydrochloride and maleic acid, fumaric acid, citric acid, salicylic acid, tartaric acid or succinic acid.


We have developed a new attachment for thin film x‐ray measurements equipped with the large Debye‐Scherrer camera at BL02B2 of the SPring‐8. It is quite easy to handle and control the attachment using user‐friendly computer programs. It is also notable that the attachment realizes both low‐glancing‐angle incident beam condition and in‐plane measurement condition. The attachment enables us to measure high precision x‐ray diffraction data from many kinds of thin films with the Debye‐Scherrer camera. Using this attachment we try to analyze some dimensionally controlled thin film structures.


At present,there are many discussions about China's ancient architecture,but the discussion about the essence of ancient architecture is not profund enough yet.Reviewing from the angle of scientific sociology to unclose the mode of "architecture-society" under the form of China ancient architecture and its social philosophy will provide a new way for research of China ancient architecture.


The paper is focused on the phenomena of various steady-state oscillations exhibited by the twin-well potential system. Regions of existence of different attractors in the system parameter domain are examined and a picture book of different steady states for fixed damping and forcing is presented: 20 different combinations of single or coexisting, small orbit or large orbit, periodic and chaotic attractors are displayed. Computer simulations are followed by an approximate analytical analysis: A study of various forms of instability of periodic solutions gives close form approximate criteria for occurrence of T-periodic small orbit and large orbit oscillations, and for cross-well chaos.


The calculation of the second virial coefficient in one dimension s1Dd is performed within a scattering shifts approach. It is shown that when one carefully considers the (anti)symmetrization requirements for gases of spinless bosons and fermions in 1D, the second virial coefficients turn out to be identical. These results are used to recalculate the second virial coefficient for He atoms adsorbed in grooves of the carbon nanotube bundles.


This work analyses the electroweak gauge boson scattering final state W±Zjj to constrain the anomalous quartic electroweak gauge couplings α4 and α5. They are introduced within an effective field theory ansatz and parametrize low energy effects of possible theories beyond the Standard Model of particle physics in a model independent manner. This is done, because it is assumed that the Standard Model is a low energy approximation of a so far unknown theory. The analysis is performed with the recorded ATLAS data from proton-proton collisions in 2012 with a center-of-mass energy of √ s = 8TeV and an integrated luminosity of ∫ Ldt = 20.281 fb−1. Expected one-dimensional upper limits at 95% confidence level for α4 and α5 are determined for an optimized event selection to 0.29 for α4 and 0.30 for α5. The observed constraints for the same selection are less restrictive due to an excess in data, they amount to 0.53 for α4 and 0.52 for α5.


The test of recovery of tin from tin clay slimes in a concentrator was conducted. Through the comparison of processes,the flowsheet of de-sliming,de-sulphidation and tin flotation was determined.Sulfuric acid was selected as activator,butyl xanthate as collector,YS as the collector of gangue minerals and sulfur. Taking PS as the gangue minerals inhibitor, combined reagents of salicylic acid and PZ as collector of tin slimes,via closed-circuit test,the tin concentrate grade of 13.57% Sn was obtained,with operating recovery rate of 82.14% which was improved by 5.32%, and the total tin recovery rate was6.57%,good economic benefits could be obtained.


I n sheep/dog, a recent interactive installation piece developed by the Synthetic Characters Group at MIT's Media Laboratory , a human participant, playing the role of a shepherd, recruits the aid of Duncan, a fully autonomous virtual sheepdog , to herd a flock of autonomous but easily frightened virtual sheep through a course in the virtual highlands. Like a real working sheepdog, Duncan responds to vocal commands with a variety of herding behaviors, and he can track a specific sheep in his visual range, even if his view of it is temporarily blocked. Duncan performs his duties expressively, his manner and actions reflecting the situation and his mood. But best of all, this virtual sheepdog learns from experience, and he can be trained with virtual food rewards to follow new paths and perform new skills. In a related installation, Clicker, the human participant uses " clicker training " — a technique employed with live animals— to teach Duncan tricks. Duncan can learn to respond to both clicks from a game pad and vocal commands in any language. Sheep/dog and Clicker are among the latest projects in the Synthetic Characters Group's quest to build autonomous, interactive characters that can learn as readily, in the same way, the same kinds of things that a dog can learn. Bruce Blumberg, head of the group and a dog lover, explains the group's predilection for canine intelligence. " Lots has been written about how dogs are trained and dog behavior, so as a consequence they provide an ideal model, " he says. " Dogs are pretty interesting in that they seem to be remarkably able to learn what they ought to learn, do what they ought to do, and be able to express some sort of empathy. " The element of empathy is a crucial one: Besides making creatures capable of learning , the group wants its characters to be compelling—to interact realistically and convincingly with humans. Taking inspiration from sources ranging from imagineer Walt Disney to philosopher Daniel Dennett, the group identifies two key characteristics that give simulated creatures the spark of life: First, a convincing character must have intentions—it must have beliefs and expectations about its world and the ability to express them through its behavior. Second, a character must be adaptable—it must learn from its individual experience and thus develop a unique personality. So, in creating great interactive characters , the group …


We establish several boundary $\varepsilon$-regularity criteria for suitable weak solutions to the three-dimensional incompressible Navier--Stokes equations in a half cylinder with the zero Dirichl...


In the title compound, C28H25N3O4, the central pyrrolidine ring adopts adopts an envelope conformation with the N atom as the flap and the piperidine ring adopts a chair conformation. The pendant pyrrolidine ring is almost planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.008 Å). An intramolecular C—H⋯O interaction closes an S(6) ring. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds generate R 2 2(8) loops.


Pleas for closer ties between industry and universities are not enough, says Professor Roland Smith, who is both a practising academic and an industrialist. Here, he puts forward a string of proposals — many of which are bound to cause controversy — for breaking down the barrier. He calls for efficiency checks on universities and polytechnics, the diversion of cash and resources from arts and social sciences to technology and science and an increase in fees for overseas students to help combat inflation.


The main objective of this work is determinate groups and external actors influences in the problem of adolescent pregnancy in Ecuador as a public policy specifically in Estrategia Nacional Intersectorial De Planificacion Familiar Y Prevencion Del Embarazo Adolescente (ENIPLA) implemented in the years 2011-2014, this was a emblematic project that constitutes a landmark in terms of the participation of feminist professional talents in the elaboration of a public policy capable of responding to the high figures of early maternity in Ecuador, it was characterized as a hard blow to the conservatism embodied in the government for decades passed due to the opening of sexual rights provided. In 2014, through executive decree 491, ENIPLA was replaced by Plan Nacional de Fortalecimiento a la Familia (PLAN FAMILIA), which revolves around elements such as family, affectivity, abstinence and human values, generating a whole criticism about the change due to its proximity to non-secular values and conservative groups. The objective of this research is to determine the interference of actors and ideas as well as feminist pro-rights groups, as well as conservative groups within the elaboration, elimination and rethinking of public policies for the prevention of pregnancy in the 2011-2017 period.


My interest in the valleys of Arequipa began in 1994. A curious set of textiles 1 " *) labeled Nasca was attributed to the "Sihuas" Valley, Nazca region, Peru, south coast." The iconography of these textiles was not Nasca but belonged to unidentified traditions. They most likely came from the Sihuas Valley in the department of Arequipa. In 1997 and 2000 I went to Arequipa to establish if their provenance indeed was the Sihuas Valley and other valleys in the department of Arequipa. This was confirmed in the field for the valleys of Sihuas and Vitor at four heavily looted cemeteries. In addition, early Nasca textile fragments and a fragmented Nasca 3 bowl were collected. Figure 1 shows the valleys of the department of Arequipa in relation to the cities of Lima and Arequipa, and the south coast that includes the Rio Grande the Nazca drainage, the Nasca heartland. Approximately 300 miles separate it from the valley of Sihuas.


Adopted the dry method of microwaved heat to measurement the mechanical impurity of petroleum product, and determine the dry term of good microwave,When The mechanical impurity is 0.5 g, power is 540 W, the time of equal heavy is 7 minutes, The mechanical impurity is 0.1 g, power is 540 W, the time of equal heavy is 5 minutes. With the tradition of the method compare, and this method have fleetness, the accurate degree is high, operation convenient, the economy in electricity advantage, It can be used to measurement the mechanical impurity of petroleum product also can be expand application in the other weight to analyze the method.


Analysis of sweat has grown rapidly for early diagnosis and monitoring applications in healthcare system. This paper presents a simple, economical, non-invasive slotted radiator microstrip antenna-based sensor for sweat monitoring with operating frequency of 2.4 GHz. The antenna-based sensor is designed in three different geometrically shape slotted radiator of copper patch on paper substrate. For sensitivity performance, the fabricated antenna-based sensor is tested with Sodium Chloride (NaCl) as artificial sweat solution. The variation of magnitude of reflection coefficient represented as S11 and shift in resonant frequency is observed. Square slotted radiator antenna-based sensor with the larger frequency shift of 0.17 GHz demonstrates better sensitivity performance compared to other antenna design.


Power transformers being the major apparatus in a power system, thus the assessment of transformer operating condition and lifespan have obtained crucial significance in latest years. Dissolved gas analysis (DGA) is a sensitive and reliable technique for the detection of incipient fault condition within oil-immersed transformers, which provides the basis of diagnostic evaluation of equipment health. The first part of this paper deals with an expert system that utilizes fuzzy logic implementation into dissolved gas in oil analysis technique. To improve the diagnosis accuracy of the conventional dissolved gas analysis (DGA) approaches, this part proposes a fuzzy system development technique based combined with neural networks (fuzzy-neural technique) to identify the incipient faults of transformers. Using the IEEE/IEC and National Standard DGA criteria as references, a preliminary framework of the fuzzy diagnosis system. In the second part, artificial neural network (ANN) based fault diagnosis is presented, which overcomes the drawbacks of the previously applied fuzzy diagnostic system that is it cannot learn directly from the data samples. These expert system also consider other information of transformer such as type, voltage level, maintenance history, with or without tap changer etc. Keywords-Dissolvedgasanalysis(DGA),Sensitive, Reliable, Detection, Incipient, Implementation, ANN


Molla Sadra on making ethical barriers Rahim Dehqan Simkani Abstract:Sadra views essential defect of human soul, coverage, imitation or following the group and the effect of corporeality as the agents against the human system of reasoning and, therefore, lead to human inclination from ethical values. For Molla Sadra, nearly all of immoralities lie in the lack of knowledge and in the negligence caused by irrational powers dominating human system of reasoning. In this paper, the agents of immorality and the way in which they conquer human reasoning and appearance of immoralities have been explained in an analytico-descriptive method and in some cases the explanation has been supported by the Quranic verses and traditions.


DATA which can be arranged in a contingency table, sometimes called categorical data, are frequently encountered in public health and allied fields. The hypotheses conventionally tested with these data are those of association. Other hypotheses can be tested which may be more informative in interpreting experimental results. Tests of hypotheses analogous to those tested by the analysis of variance have been developed. The test statistics, like those of association, have the x2 distribution if the null hypotheses are true and if the sample sizes are large enough. These tests are most useful when several treatments have been applied in combination at several levels. For example, if we have treatments A and B in combination, each at three levels, nine possible treatments, i.e., Treatment 1=AoBo X Treatment 2 =AABi Treatment 3=AoB2 , Treatment 4=AlBo Treatment 5=AiBi , etc.,


This article presents a method to determine operating points of Unified Power Flow Controllers (UPFC), the line flow control of which can enhance system security level. The decoupledmodel has been employed as a mathematical model of UPFC for power flow analysis so as to analyze the effect of these devices on the power system. The security index that indicates the congestion level of transmission line has been proposed and minimized by iterative method. The sensitivity of objective function for control variables of an UPFC has been derived, and it represents the change in the security index for a given set of changes in real power outputs of UPFC. The proposedalgorithmwithsensitivity analysis gives the optimalset of operatingpoints of multiple UPFCs that reduces the index or increases the security margin, and Marquart method has been adoptedas an optimization methodbecause of stable convergence. The algorithm is verified by the 10-unit, 39-bus New England system that includes multiple UPFCs. The simulation results show that the power flow congestion can be relieved in the normal state and the security margin can be guaranteed even in a fault condition by the cooperative operation of multiple UPFCs.


Adsorption and decomposition of methyl chloride on metal films of Fe, Ni, Pd, Pb, Au and Cu have been investigated in the temperature range 193–570 K. Both molecular and dissociative adsorption of CH3Cl occurred on all films at 193 K. Above 300 K the dissociative chemisorption of CH3Cl on all the films was accompanied by the evolution of CH4, C2H6 and H2 together with some C2H4 on Fe, Ni, Pb and Au. The gaseous products subsequent to CH3Cl adsorption on the oxidized films of Fe, Ni, Pd, Pb and Cu above 350 K involved CH4, C2H6, H2 and CO gases. The structure of the surface phase was represented as CnHmCl and the minimum values of the ratio m/n on Fe, Ni, Pd, Au and Cu ranged from 2.69 to 2.93, but remained as 2.1 on Pb, indicating the existence of CH3 and CH2 radicals on the surface. Further support for the surface species was derived from the results of CH3Cl adsorption on Fe and Ni films which had been saturated with deuterium. No HCl, CH2O, CH3OH, H2O, CO2 or other gases have been detected at any stage, and the adsorption of chlorine atoms, resulting from CH3Cl decomposition, on the film surface was accompanied by some incorporation in the bulk of the metal. The kinetic data revealed the direct dependence of the reaction rate on CH3Cl pressure and the operation of a compensation effect throughout the interaction of CH3Cl with various surfaces. On the basis of such a compensation and the linearity of the relationship existing between the activation energies (Ea) and the pre-exponential factors of the rate equation (log A), it was possible to arrange the clean and oxidized films in the order of decreasing activity towards CH3Cl adsorption and decomposition. An attempt was also made to estimate the enthalpy changes associated with the dissociative adsorption of CH3Cl on various surfaces, as well as for the subsequent reactions of the resulting species on the basis of the standard enthalpy involved in the respective processes.


The crystal structures of 2-methoxy-3-(3-nitrophenyl)-1-phenylprop-2-en-1-one, C 16 H 13 NO 4 , (Ia), and 2-methoxy-3-(2-nitrophenyl)-1-phenylprop-2-en-1-one, C 16 H 13 NO 4 , (Ib), are reported. These two molecules are constitutional isomers differing in the position of the nitro group attached to one of the phenyl rings. The central double bond has a trans configuration in both structures. The conformations of the two molecules are very similar, except that in compound (Ia), the phenyl ring with the nitro substituent is nearly coplanar with the nitro group and the double bond, while in (Ib), there are significant deviations from coplanarity of these moieties.


From fairly innocuous assumptions, the Knowability Paradox demonstrates that if it is possible for every truth to be known, then an unacceptable conclusion, that every truth is in fact known, could be deduced. In sight of the omniscient view, which proposes that every truth is known, we appear to have a solution to the Knowability Paradox. This paper intends to argue that the omniscient approach cannot be such a solution. On the one hand, the omniscient view is not an anti-realist theory. Although each anti-realist cannot afford to know every truth, the omniscient can know every truth beyond human-being's epistemic capacity. On the other hand, anti-realism demands the existence of a linguistic community in which the omniscient does not live. Anti-realists claim that truth, like linguistic meaning, is intimately related to the use of relevant expressions in human linguistic community. On the contrary, the omniscient is not accepted as a potential relevant knowing subject existing in such community. The paper further proposes a specific definition of K -operator in order to prove that the omniscient cannot meet the conditions of "the members of linguistic community". The solution that takes into account omniscience cannot succeed in avoiding Knowability Paradox. Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE


This article presents the comparison of 3D and 2D finite element models of a power transformer designed for reactive power compensation stations. There is a lack of studies in the literature on internal electromagnetic phenomena in the active part of a transformer operated in these conditions. The results of numerical 2D and 3D calculations of no-load current and losses in the transformer core were obtained by using various methods and models. The impact of considering the hysteresis loop phenomenon on the calculation of core losses was investigated by using the Jiles–Atherton core losses model. The results obtained in the paper show that the model of the core must contain the areas representing the influence of overlappings on the no-load current and also on the flux density field in the core. The capacitive load of the transformer increases the flux density in the core limbs by several percent, so the power losses there must also increase accordingly. As a summary of the research, differences in the values of losses in each core element between the capacitive load and no-load conditions are presented. The results presented in this paper indicate that considering nonlinearity related to the magnetic hysteresis loop has a significant impact on the calculation of the core losses of power transformers.


According to the measured structural vibration data of No. 1 unit section of the Shisanling Pumped Storage Power Plant, the vibration characteristics for various operation modes, positions and directions are analyzed. The causes of vibration and the effects on structural stability are studied. The general regularities are summarized, so that the operation safety of the unit can be ensured


One arch dam has asymmetric abutments,the right abutment mountain is thinner than the left,and there is a hidden trouble concerning their safety because there exist many faults,joints and weak seams in the rock mass.After the establishment of a three-dimensional model,Vector Algebra method is used to calculate the block stability coefficient before and after concrete presser foot handling.The results show that under normal conditions,the stability coefficient increases from 2.45 to 2.70.Under checking conditions,the stability coefficient increases from 2.09 to 2.30.But security reserves remain lower,so some monitoring measures concerning right dam abutments may be introduced in the later construction of reservoirs and in the operation process to ensure the safety of projects.


A review of evolving measurement techniques in applied electrostatics is presented for the period from the 1999 Institute of Physics Conference on Electrostatics, held in Cambridge, to the present. The main sources referenced include the Journal of Electrostatics, the Electrostatic Processes Committee contributions to the IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications and the Conference Proceedings of the Electrical Overstress/Electrostatic Discharge Symposia. Measurements in electrostatics applications can vary from the basic, employing standard instruments with a relatively small number of recordings to the complex, involving many specialized instruments used to obtain data intensive records of events. Several areas of interest include: non-invasive measurements employing signature analyses principles which do not disturb the phenomena under study, investigation of microgap phenomena involved in magnetoresistive recording heads and MEMS technology, data acquisition and analyses in sensor intensive applications recording high frequency transient events associated with electrostatic discharges and the study of charge decay on insulators including the characterization of spatial charge distribution profiles. Enhanced measurement methodologies are clearly evolving; our educational institutions are encouraged to include the subject of measurement of electrostatic phenomena in courses on electronic instrumentation and measurement.


Folate is a key source of one‐carbon groups for DNA methylation; but studies on DNA methylation response to folic acid (FA) supplementation show inconsistent results. We hypothesize that measuring DNA methylation in whole blood (WB), which contains a mixture of distinct leukocyte cell types, may have confounded the results of previous studies. Therefore, the aim of this pilot study was to determine if a single cell type could serve as a more reliable epigenetic reporter. The study was performed in normal weight (BMI 18.5 – 24.9 kg/m2) women (18 – 35 y; n = 12), with blood samples taken before and after eight weeks of supplementation with 800 ug/day of FA. CD16+ cells (CD16) were isolated using antibody‐bound magnetic beads. DNA methylation patterns from WB and CD16 cells were measured across >485,000 CpG sites using the Infinium Human Methylation450 Bead Chip. For each CpG site, the proportion of DNA methylation that changed over the 8 week intervention was evaluated by fitting a separate linear model. Genome‐wide analysis indicated changes in 7887 vs. 8482 CpG sites in response to supplementation in WB and CD16, respectively; with DNA methylation decreased in 77.2% (WB) or 66.3% (CD16) of these sites. Results suggest that there are differences in methylation response in WB and CD16 after FA supplementation. The implication of these methylation differences are being explored in our on‐going gene enrichment analyses.


One-dimensional atomistic holes, i.e., a single vacancy chain and its bundle penetrating a magnesium oxide film were individually produced by convergent electron beam irradiation inside a high-resolution transmission electron microscope. The width of these imperfections ranged from 0.21 nm to 0.42 nm and was less than that of a unit cell of the NaCl structure. The imperfections were line-type lattice defects.


Abstract. Modern mobile phones contain one or multiple high-resolution camera modules with miniature multielement lenses. Active alignment of the lens and the image sensor is a common process improvement for the integration of mobile phone camera modules to increase manufacturing yields while maintaining high resolution. Active alignment of the image sensor can offer extra degrees of freedom in lens design optimization and thereby help lens designers offer lens designs with high nominal and as-built performance.


Governments around the world are planning to accelerate their efforts to decarbonize and electrify their transportation sector. In this article, I describe the key role charging stations play in electric vehicle (EV) markets and discuss how a lack of charging infrastructure can pose a barrier to EV adoption. Then I discuss Norway's experience with incentives for charging infrastructure and consumer subsidies. I conclude by highlighting key lessons from Norway and their implications for designing effective policies to support EV adoption.


The radar altimeter of the satellite Seasat has proved that ice and snow surfaces in the polar regions can return meaningful signals if the terrain is not excessively rugged or sloping. Because the use of the leading edge of the wave forms for height determination entails inherent uncertainties and, at best, provides only a single datum per wave form, the entire wave forms should be studied. Excesses or deficiencies in amplitude at various ranges within a single wave form, and the changes that occur in successive wave forms, can be analysed to yield information on the geometric and scattering properties of features observed by the altimeter. Results from computer simulations are presented, showing how (1) a margin of sea ice (sinusoidal in the model) can be mapped, (2) the boundaries of two isolated ice floes can be outlined, (3) sea-ice concentrations can be derived within annuli about the nadir of an individual footprint, and (4) for land ice, the elevations of topographic features, together with the general slope of the ground, can be determined if an imaging instrument that operates simultaneously with the altimeter provides the outlines of these features. In examples (1) and (2), it is assumed that the ice is contiguous wherever that is possible, to permit the analytical reconstruction of the ice margin or individual ice floes in the presence of the inevitable ambiguity in the position of any feature with respect to the two sides of the satellite track. Example (4) requires that the altimeter record correctly records the strongest signals returned by ice-packs. This condition is not fulfilled by any existing radar altimeter, but it may be achieved in the next generation of these instruments. In additional examples of information from entire wave forms, the effects of crevasses and sastrugi in reducing or re-distributing the energy of the returned signals are also illustrated. Full details of these analyses and results will be published at a later date.


Consumer-perceived food quality covers a wide range of aspects, including sensory characteristics, healthful properties, convenience of preparation for consumption or storage. The aim of the research was to identify the main segments of Polish consumers who differ in their perception of quality components of food products, as well as to indicate the main sociodemographic determinants underpinning that distinction. Responses were analyzed divided into clusters in order to distinguish the key consumer segments in the Polish food market. Cluster analysis showed that the three isolated clusters differ significantly in their perceived importance of quality features shaping consumer behaviors in the food market. Additional analysis of variance helped identify the reasons for this differentiation. The isolated segments perceived differently the importance of the following food characteristics: naturalness, visual appeal, shelf life and level of processing, fat content and calorific value, presence of health-promoting ingredients, absence of chemical additives. The views concerning diet compatibility or impact on health also differed significantly. Another differentiator for the compared segments proved to be the manufacturer (brand) of the product.


Abstract A one-pot, multicomponent reaction of aldehydes, dimedone, and β-naphthols is described for the preparation of 12-aryl- or 12-alkyl-8,9,10,12-tetrahydrobenzo[α]xanthen-11-one derivatives using ammonium chloride as a mild, inexpensive, and environmentally benign catalyst under solvent-free conditions. Different types of aldehyde and β-naphthol derivatives are used in the reaction, and in all cases the products were synthesized successfully.


The study determined the etiological structure and sensitivity to antibacterial agents of pathogens of uncomplicated and complicated forms of pneumonia in children treated in a multidisciplinary hospital. According to the study, that timely bacteriological diagnosis in the treatment of pneumonia in childhood with an adequate selection of effective antibacterial agents helps reduce hospitalizations and the development of complicated forms of pneumonia.


This paper concerns with the study of the use of coatings and lithium nitrate to control the alkali-silica reaction (ASR) development in a concrete affected by this reaction. Seven coatings were selected in order to enclose different types of coating systems, which were exposed in natural and accelerated test conditions. In order to study the modifications produced by lithium nitrate in the expansive properties of ASR products, immersion and electrical migration conditions were used to drive the lithium ion into concrete. In this paper the results of physical, chemical and microstructural tests in the un-treated and treated concretes were evaluated and discussed.


Large eddy simulations (LES) of a forced semiconfined circular impinging jet were carried out. The Reynolds number was 104 and the inflow was forced at a Strouhal number of 0.27. The separation between the jet inlet and the opposing wall was four jet inlet diameters. Four different simulations were made. Two simulations were performed without any explicit sub-grid-scale (SGS) model using 1283 and 963 grid points, respectively. Two simulations were performed with two different SGS-models using 963 grid points; one with a dynamic Smagorinsky based model and one with a stress-similarity model. The simulations were performed to study the mean velocity, the turbulence statistics, the SGS-model effects, the dynamic behavior of the jet with a focus on the near wall region. The existence of separation vortices in the wall jet region was confirmed. These secondary vortices were found to be related to the radially deflected primary vortices generated by the circular shear layer of the jet. It was also shown that th...


The bachelor thesis deepens the methodology of hermeneutics (text interpretation) introduced in the first thesis of the author. The pack of methods is used in the analysis and synthesis of a selected chapter of the novel Die letzte Freiheit by Marie Calasanz Ziesche and this enables not only professionals in theology or history, but also contemporary young generation deeper understanding of Herman´s inner process and his path to more true and perfect freedom. The pedagogical approach allows Marie Calasanz Ziesche to put into Herman´s biography a chapter which describes his non-historical stay in Aachen The masterful erudition in issues and history of the 11th century, the human and empathic understanding of young people, the psychological knowledge of problems of adolescents and the spiritual dimension are a perfect base for Maria Calasanz Ziesche writing this novel not only literary excellent but also with real human and spiritual accents which encourage young people. The variety of other characters surrounding Herman during his stay in Aachen let excel drama and intensity of searching of the base and the meaning of life.


Within psychoanalysis, it has usually been assumed that what makes an external event traumatic is the personal meaning of the event for that individual, i.e. how it resonates within his/her internal world and in relation to the infantile conflict. Such an assumption, which implies that a trauma operates as a symbol, is compared with the contrasting view that a trauma rather destroys the capacity of symbolization, and discussed in relation to the psyche-soma issue. It is finally maintained that psychic trauma forces upon the victim a vast and difficult transformation, in relation to which the body can be used as an antisymbolic device to resist mental change.


Recent advances in software-defined mobile networks (SDMNs), in-network caching, and mobile edge computing (MEC) can have significant effects on video services in next generation mobile networks. In this paper, we jointly consider SDMNs, in-network caching, and MEC to enhance the video service in next generation mobile networks. We use a new video experience evaluation standard called U-video mean opinion score (vMOS), which is a more advanced measurement of the video quality based on the well-known vMOS. With the objective of maximizing the mean U-vMOS, an optimization problem is formulated. Due to the coupling of video data rate, computing resource, and traffic engineering (bandwidth provisioning and paths selection), the problem becomes intractable in practice. Thus, we utilize a dual-decomposition method to decouple those three sets of variables. By this decoupling, video rate adaptation is performed at users with network assistants. End nodes can schedule computing resource independently. Traffic engineering is performed by the software-defined networking controller and base stations. Furthermore, to address the challenges of dynamic change of network status and the drawbacks caused by the frequent exchange of information, we design a decentralized algorithm based on alternating direction method of multipliers to solve the traffic engineering problem. Extensive simulations are conducted with different system configurations to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.


Objective To investigate the roles of N-myc in migration and proliferation of neuroblastoma (NB).Methods The N-myc siRNA was transfected to NB cell line SK-N-BE(2).The efficiency of gene silence was confirmed by real time RT-PCR and western-blot.After N-myc silencing,cell migration and proliferation were detected by transwell system and colorimetric BrdU assay.The expressions of RACK 1,N-myc,phospho-Src (Tyr416),phospho-Src (Tyr527),phospho-Akt,phosphoERK1/2 and phospho-p38 were analyzed by western blotting.Results When the expression of N-Myc protein was significantly reduced (0.61 ± 0.15 vs 1.97 ± 0.26,P<0.05),the migration (0.85 ± 0.06)and proliferation (0.68 ± 0.05) of SK-N-BE(2) were significantly decreased (P<0.05).The expressions of RACK1 (Control group 1.46 ± 0.18 vs RNAi group 1.13 ± 0.10) and phospho-Src(Tye416)(Control group 1.34 ± 0.11 vs RNAi group 0.72 ± 0.23) were also significantly decreased (P<0.05),while the expression of phospho-Akt (Control group 0.551 9 ± 0.121 9 vs RNAi group 0.8360 ± 0.1535)was significantly increased (P<0.05).The expressions of phospho-Src(Tye527),phospho-ERK1/2 and phospho-p38 were not changed significantly by N-Myc gene silencing in SK-N-BE(2) (P>0.05).Conclusions These results suggest that the high expression of N-myc in SK-N-BE(2) is crucial for cell migration and proliferation.The expressions of RACK1,phosphorylation of Src (Tye416)and Akt might be involved in the N-myc-induced migration and proliferation of NB.

Key words:
Proto-oncogene proteins c-myc;  Neuroblastoma;  Cell proliferation;  Apoptosis


Maternal satisfaction regarding the experience of childbirth is influenced by a unique combination of factors. This study presents an overview of obstetric anaesthesia in a District General Hospital, in order to determine the relative contribution of analgesia towards satisfaction. 199 mothers were asked to evaluate their chosen methods of pain relief and responses were analyzed in reference to features of their respective deliveries. Results showed that 94% of women requested analgesia, of which 13% reported subsequent dissatisfaction. Almost two-thirds of dissatisfied mothers were primipara. Ten per cent of women attributed their dissatisfaction to unacceptable side effects and 60% described inadequate administration of their pain relief. Overall only 30% of dissatisfied women were concerned with the actual efficacy of their analgesia, suggesting that maternal satisfaction does not simply equate to sufficient pain relief. Mothers wish to receive their preferred mode of analgesia, within an appropriate p...


We present two experiments in the localization of spoken dialogue systems. The domain of the dialogue system is an MP3 application for automobiles. In the first experiment, a grammar in Nuance GSL format was rewritten in Grammatical Framework (GF). Within GF, the grammar was extended from two to six languages, giving a baseline for semantically complete grammars. In the second experiment, the German version of this baseline GF grammar was extended with the goal to restore the coverage of the original Nuance grammar.


From one of the supply apparatus renewable energy obtained and the water, which has a box-shaped profile frame (1), provided with a top surface of the bottom surface of the support of the frame (1) at all the wheels (2) on the frame (1) square frame (16), the frame (16) mounted in a solar panel (7). (8) rotary frame (16) and which can rely on the frame (1) about a horizontal axis of the hinge frame (1) between an upper edge of the top surface. Square peripheral frame (5) four of the same size and respectively fitted with a solar panel (6) is hinged on to each side of the square frame (16) when the five square frame (16, 5) are in its lower position they form together with the shape of a cube. Each peripheral frame (5) and may be rotatable with respect to the plane of the frame in the center (16) of the frame (16) to be locked in the respective position. The frame (1) in the box is equipped with three modules (24,25,26), which can be like a drawer propulsion frame (1) and locked in the advanced position from one side of the respective modules have different functions, such as respectively, for storing electrical energy generated by the solar and wind energy, to pump water for the water to be pumped into the drinking water, for supplying power, using a fuel cell DC - hydrogen generation.


The utility model relates to a spring energy storing apparatus, consisting of a shell, an energy storing group and a gearbox group; the energy storing group and the gearbox are arranged inside the shell; a turntable and a vortex spring are penetrated by a shaft lever to constitute the energy storing group; an outside clipping post and an inside clipping post are arranged convexly on the turntable; the vortex spring is arranged between the two turntables; the outside clipping post and the inside clipping post are respectively fixed on both edges of the vortex spring; a unidirectional driving power transmission shaft is arranged on the outside of the shell; the power transmission shaft is connected in driving with a first turntable of the energy storing group; an input shaft end and an output shaft end are arranged on the gearbox; the output shaft end is extended the outside of the shell; the gears meshed with each other are arranged inside the gearbox; the input shaft end is meshed with the innermost turntable of the energy storing group to assure that the innermost turntable of the energy storing group can drive the input shaft end to rotate; because of the arrangement of more than one vortex spring, the mechanical energy is generated and stored at the same time and discharged and output steadily; thereby the use effect is very ideal.


Education is meant to develop capacity and enable members of society to become productive. African indigenous education systems inculcated self-reliance among members of society and every individual had a specific defined role within the society. The colonial education system introduced the aspects of unemployment, underemployment and job seekers. In an effort to address growing mismatch between expectations by graduates and societal employment provisions, the government has regularly formed commissions and made reforms in the education system. Despite these efforts there has been growing concerns on the effectiveness of the current education system to inculcate self-reliance among graduates. This study sought to explore perceptions on the extent to which the Kenyan education system prepares its graduates for self-reliance. The study was carried out in universities in Kenya. The study found that the contemporary education system only prepares individuals for self-reliance to a moderate extent. It was suggested that aspects of indigenous African education need to be integrated into the education system in order to promote self-reliance among students.


Along with the rapidly changing knowledge-based economy and the diversity of consumer demand, the extending marketing of the enterprise product core benefit become the breach of the new product development and the new industry emergency. This article puts forward the concept of product core benefit drifting from new angle of marketing, and thoroughly analyzes its character, simultaneously proposed the four-stage theory of the product core benefit drifting, and provide a new theoretical basis for broadening the enterprise marketing vision and promoting the continued development of the new industries.


Due to the increase of users the efficient usage of spectrum plays an important role in digital terrestrial television networks. In digital video broadcasting, local and global content are transmitted by single frequency network and multifrequency network respectively. Multifrequency network support transmission of global content and it consumes large spectrum. Similarly local content are well supported by single frequency network. In order to provide better spectral efficiency both local and global contents are transmitted in single constellation using hierarchical modulation. Hierarchical modulated OFDM system provides good spectral efficiency and robustness to the fading environment. In this paper a hierarchical modulated OFDM system for local service insertion is analyzed and its performance under various channels is been discussed. Convolutional encoder is used in this paper.


When a wind turbine bearing fails, because the fault signal shows the characteristics of instability and non-linearity,it is difficult to extract the fault features artificially, resulting in a lower accuracy of the wind turbine bearing fault classification. In order to realize the automatic extraction of wind turbine bearing faults and improve the accuracy of fault classification, this paper proposes a wind turbine bearing fault identification method based on the combination of convolutional neural network and limit gradient lifting algorithm. First, convert the original bearing fault signal into a grayscale image. Then, the gray image is input to the convolutional neural network to automatically extract the feature of the fault. Finally, the limit gradient boosting algorithm optimized by the grid search algorithm is used as a classifier to classify the fault. The simulation results show that the method used in this paper can achieve a high rate of correctness of wind turbine bearing fault identification, indicating that this method is effective for wind turbine bearing fault diagnosis.


8 Rimon, Y., "Numerical Solution of the Incompressible Time Dependent Viscous Flow past a Thin Oblate Spheroid," TN AML-24-68, July 1968, Applied Mathematics Laboratory, Washington, D. C., to be published in The Physics of Fluids. 9 Parlange, J.-Y., "Motion of Spherical Drops at Large Reynolds Numbers," Ada Mechanica, 1969, to be published. Both experimental and theoretical aerodynamic center locations are shown in Figs, la, Ib, Ic, and Id for the wings of Refs. 4, 5, 6, and 7, respectively. These wings are labeled as planforms A, B, C, and D in the subsequent discussion. The geometrical characteristics of the wings are tabulated as follows:


Abstract It is generally agreed that diversity is a critical challenge for managers and that advancing organizational diversity is both an ethical and a pragmatic requirement for effective public administration. However, it may be argued that graduate public affairs education relating to human resource management (HRM) has not sufficiently attended to diversity topics and that public affairs graduate curricula in general have not evidenced sufficient inclusion of diversity themes. This essay indicates a need for curricular revision that includes diversity competencies. The research and corresponding analysis is presented in two parts, corresponding to two phases of research. The first addresses findings from graduate student surveys conducted over three years at the University of Vermont. The second concerns data collected from 41 NASPAA-accredited and 17 unaccredited NASPAA-member programs in public affairs. The results from the first phase suggest that graduate public affairs students need greater exposure to diversity themes and issues. The second phase results suggest that NASPAA-accredited programs are not much different from unaccredited member programs in incorporating diversity topics into curricular offerings or otherwise exhibiting a commitment to diversity. The essay ends with several recommendations for programs intending to develop or revise their public policy and administration curricula in order to better attend to diversity concerns.


Holism is back in fashion. For the last twenty years it has seemed as though few historians of the life sciences were interested. But in the early to mid-1970s the situation looked quite different. A number of articles on the classic issues of'mechanism-vitalism' appeared in the newly founded Journal of the history of biology; several historians were working on reductionist research programmes in early nineteenth-century physiology; and a major monograph on organicism in embryology was published.' Thereafter interest in the metaphysical foundations of the biological sciences seems to have waned until the late 1980s when holist and vitalist critiques of mechanism again attracted scholarly attention.' Late nineteenthand early twentieth-century Germany has seemed to be an especially rich site for the study of these anti-mechanistic research programmes. During the 1950s and 1960s a number of intellectual historians (many of them emigres from Nazi Germany) drew attention to the proliferation of what have usually been called "anti-modernist" critiques in Germany around the tum of the century, including attacks upon science as a force corrosive of the social order. The genesis of this cultural criticism, Fritz Ringer has argued, can be found in the declining social status ofthe educated middle class.' Alarmed by the growing signs of social fragmentation, the intelligentsia proferred a variety of scholarly solutions to what they perceived as a "cultural crisis". The holistic concepts so common among German arts and social science disciplines at this time, Ringer argued, reflected scholars' concern with the maintenance of order and integration. A few attempts have been made to extend this "Ringerian project" to the natural sciences," and the new books reviewed here demonstrate how it can illuminate the history of German psychology, psychiatry and neurology. The works by Anne Harrington and Mitchell Ash are significant in a number of respects. Some historians of science have perhaps been inclined to regard holism as only marginally interesting on the grounds that it has proved to be the philosophy of the losers (at least in this century). But these books show that holistic concepts have


The purpose of the current research was to investigate the
 relationships between Facebook use and negative emotional states with a focus on the
 characteristics of active Facebook users. We created two questionnaires for the present study
 (435 respondents): Facebook Attitudes and Reasons for Using Facebook, based on the instruments
 of Ellison et al. (2007) and Sen-Chi et al. (2012). In addition we measured depression, stress,
 anxiety, and happiness. We registered that participants up to 22 years of age, those with
 secondary education, who do not work, and do not live with a partner, tend to spend more time
 on Facebook and have more friends there. We also established significant differences in
 Salience of Facebook use, Maintaining Existing Connections, and Emotional Support through
 Facebook, according to gender, age, education, work, and marital status. Weak but positive
 correlations were found between salient Facebook use and preference for sharing content, on the
 one hand, and depression, anxiety, and stress, on the other. The present research sheds light
 on the relationships between Facebook use and correlates of subjective well-being and mental
 health.


Standardized patients (SPs) have been successfully incorporated into allied health clinical programs over many years but their use in speech pathology programs is not widely reported. This paper described the assessment of second year speech pathology students using a model of clinical practice incorporating SPs. Students participated in interviews with SPs designed to develop their foundation clinical skills of communication, verbal and non-verbal communication, professional behaviours and interaction skills. The validity of the assessment tools was addressed.


The current study was undertaken to provide scientific validation for the traditional medicinal applications of Ceriops decandra leaves in treating gastrointestinal disorders and inflammation. Additionally, the study aimed to isolate a pure component from the extracted leaves for further analysis. Lupeol was extracted from the crude methanolic extract of Ceriops decandra leaves by column chromatography as part of a phytochemical inquiry. Its structure was determined using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. In order to assess the cytotoxicity, the unrefined methanolic extract was divided into two fractions: a petroleum fraction and an aqueous fraction, employing the modified Kupchan method. The brine shrimp lethality test revealed that both the aqueous and petroleum ether fractions had significant cytotoxic activity, with LC50 values of 1.93 µg/l and 2.04 µg/l, respectively. These values were compared to the LC50 value of the standard Vincristine Sulphate, which was found to be 0.02 µg/l. The results of the anti-inflammatory trial demonstrated that the administration of the extract at doses of 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg resulted in protection rates of 62.5% and 87.5%, respectively, as compared to the carrageenan control group after 3 hours post-injection. It is worth noting that Ibuprofen exhibited a higher level of protection, with a rate of 91.7%. In the context of ethanol-induced stomach ulcer, the administration of extracts at doses of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg resulted in 45.5% and 59.1% protection against gastric ulcer, respectively. These findings were compared to the protective effect of Omeprazole, which demonstrated 63.6% protection and served as the standard reference. The findings suggest that the methanolic leaf extract of Ceriops decandra possesses robust cytotoxic and potent anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer properties. These results provide support for the traditional application of this extract in the management of gastrointestinal diseases, inflammation, and cancer.


Abstract 1965 Background: Pomalidomide is an immunomodulatory compound to be used for heavily pre-treated patients with relapse and refractory multiple myeloma and has shown considerable efficacy in recent clinical trials. It is not clear how patients may respond to other therapies, once the disease becomes refractory to pomalidomide. We examined this question among a cohort of patients receiving pomalidomide therapy in phase 2 clinical trials. Methods: Patients enrolled in an ongoing phase 2 clinical trial of pomalidomide (2-4 mg daily) along with dexamethasone (40 mg weekly), in relapsed myeloma, form the study population. Several cohorts of patients (>= 3 prior therapies not specified, lenalidomide refractory, and lenalidomide and bortezomib refractory patients were enrolled sequentially in this trial (Lacy, M.Q., et al., J Clin Oncol, 2009. 27(30): p.5008–14). Only those patients who have gone off study for disease progression were included in the current analysis. Details of subsequent therapies and survival data were obtained from the medical records. Results: Forty-seven patients from among 142 patients enrolled on the clinical trial between November, 2007 and April, 2010 were included in the study. The median (range) duration of pomalidomide therapy was 4 (0.6-16) months. 15 (32%) patients were lenalidomide refractory and 11 (23%) were refractory to both lenalidomide and bortezomib at the time of study entry. The best confirmed response to pomalidomide was MR (Minimal Response) or better in 23 patients (52%). Various regimens were employed following relapse on pomalidomide. The response to the first regimen following relapse in the 34 patients where salvage therapy was initiated is as shown in Table 1. Overall, 81 regimens were employed across 34 patients; median (range) number of regimens per patients was 1 (0-8). The response rates to the different regimens were as shown in the Table 1. The median overall survival (OS) from the time of progression on pomalidomide was 14.7 months (95% CI; 4, NR). The OS was similar between those patients who had a response to pomalidomide (MR or better) and those who did not. However the OS was shorter for patients who were refractory to lenalidomide and bortezomib (2.1 months) compared to those who were lenalidomide refractory only (6.5 months), and the non-refractory group (NR), P=0.06. Conclusions: This study confirms poor outcome of the patients relapsing after all available therapies. It also gives interesting insights into the activity of different regimens among patients who have relapsed after pomalidomide. The findings once again highlight the incurable nature of the disease and warrant further investigation to develop newer effective treatment regimens for this group of patients who presently do not have effective therapeutic options especially in the relapsed setting. Regimens: ASCT: Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation, Bz: Bortezomib, Mel=Melphalan, Dex: Dexamethasone, CRD: Cyclophosphamide, Revlimid (Lenalidomide), Dexamethasone, CTX; Cyclophosphamide, Len; Lenalidomide, Sor: Sorafenib, VDT-PACE: Velcade (Bortezomib), Dexamethasone, Thalidomide, Cisplatin, Adriamycin, Cyclophosphamide, Etoposide. Response: SD; Stable Disease; Prog; Progression MR: Minimal Response; PR: Partial Response. Disclosures: Kumar:Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding; Millennium: Research Funding; Merck: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; Genzyme: Consultancy, Research Funding; Cephalon: Research Funding. Mikhael:Celgene: Research Funding; Onyx: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding. Dispenzieri:Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding; Binding Site: Honoraria.


One of the themes of the second conference on Feminism and Classics-and one that is becoming increasingly central to women's studies in general-is the proposition that the binary opposition between the sexes, as represented in social and literary discourse, is sustained in part by being implicated in other hierarchical polarities, such as race, age, the antagonism between native and foreign, or the local spatial tension between the domestic and the public sphere. As Susan Stanford Friedman (1996: 18) writes: "One axis of identity, such as gender, must be understood in relation to other axes, such as sexuality and race"; Friedman advances what she terms a "new geography of identity" (22), in which "interactional analysis of codependent systems of alterity replaces the focus on binary difference," and invites critics to examine whether such systems, when they co-exist in a text, clash or else "intensify each other in collaboration" (26). 2 The representation of gender roles within a given social discourse is thus a complex variable, at least within certain limits: the sexes may achieve symbolic parity, for example, in contexts where other structures of difference are temporarily disabled, even while they continue to be marked by extreme dimorphism in nearby domains. Tracing the turns of gender discourse in antiquity thus requires sensitivity to the way in which sexual polarities respond to or are imbricated with other regions of the social lexicon. The representation of these latter distinctions, in turn, may be influenced by local social practices or by a particular angle of vision.


To enhance the QoS performance of TNPOSS network,this paper proposes a QoS-enhanced TNPOSS(QTNPOSS)network model by introducing Fractal Leak Bucket(FLB)shaper and Weighted Fair Queuing(WFQ)scheduler.In the QTNPOSS model,multimedia stream packets are shaped by FLBs at the input of a router and output by the WFQ queues.We analyze the maximum end-to-end(E2E)delay of QTNPOSS network using the network calculus.Extensive numerical experiments show that both the long-range dependence(LRD)property of the multimedia streams and the weight of the queues have impacts on the maximal E2E delay,and the WFQ weight influences the E2E delay bound more greatly than the LRD property does.


The focus of this study is coming of age in troubled Cultural Revolutionary times as portrayed in contemporary Chinese Bildungsroman fiction by Su Tong and Yu Hua, along with a comprehensive overview of the Bildungsroman in China and the west.


A total of 581 guinea pig embryos were used to investigate the effect of x rays on developing hematopoietic tissues. The irradiated embryos were divided into 7 age groups, from l3 to 50 days. The doses of x rays ranged from 27 to 400 r. Each pregnant female was anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital and a laparotomy was performed. The embryos in one uterine horn were irradiated once. The embryos in the opposite uterine horn served as non-irradiated controls. After irradiation, all embryos were sacrificed and the hematopoietic tissues (yolk sac, liver, spleen, thymus, bone marrow, and lymph gland) were studied. A comparison was made between the tissues of the irradiated embryos, non-irradiated control embryos, and unoperatedcontrol embryos. Hematopoiesis in the yolk sac of irradiated embryos did not differ from that in the control embryos regardless of the age at the time of irradiation. Also, differences in hematopoiesis in the liver, spleen, and thymus were not found between control embryos and 13-day embryos irradiated with 27, 52, or 78 r, or 15-day embryos irradiated with 50 r, or 16-day embryos irradiated with 100 r. Mild to severe fibrosis of the spleen was found in young animals irradiated with 250 or 300more » r as 27-day em bryos, and sacrificed at 11, 27, and 28 months after irradiation. The lymphocytes of the thymus were the most sensitive hematopoietic cells studied. The amount of necrosis varied with the age, the number of lymphocytes, and the dose. The lymphocytes showed severe karyorrhexis soon after irradiation, but repopulation was complete within 5 days. This repopulation was followed by hemorrhage, liquefaction necrosis, and degeneration by 7 to 10 days after irradiation. The response of blood cell precursors in the liver was generally the same as in the spleen. After irradiation, the hematopoietic cells in these organs, with exception of megakaryocytes, showed moderate karyorrhexis. Focal erythropoiesis then developed within 2 to 5 days. Myelocytes and megakaryocytes generally disappeared within 5 days after irradiation. The lymphocytes in the spleen disappeared following irradiation and then regenerated, but their concentration never equaled that in the control spleen. In the bone marrow, the hematopoietic cells, with the exception of megakaryocytes, showed severe karyorrhexis after irradiation. Cellular regeneration was generally poor and consisted mostly of erythroblasts. Megakaryocytes never regenerated, and only a few myelocytes were present during the latter part of the 10 day post-radiation period. The lymphocytes in the lymph glands showed only a slight amount of karyorrhexis after the administration of x rays. Regeneration of these cells was better in fully developed lymph glands than in newly formed lymph glands. The mesenchymal cells of all hematopoietic tissues were more radioresistant than were the blood cell precursors. However, an indirect effect was shown in that the progeny of these mesenchymal cells had little or no ability to give rise to more mature cells. In most respects, the effect of irradiation on the embryonic hematopoietic tissues and cells was similar to that described in post-natal hematopoietic tissues and cells.« less


An apparatus and method of processing shoot artifacts of an image signal includes a maximum gradient value calculation part to set a window of a predetermined size based on a current pixel of an input image signal and to calculate a maximum gradient value based on values of pixels in the window, a limit value calculation part to calculate a limit value corresponding to the maximum gradient value, a dilation amount calculation part to calculate a dilation amount corresponding to the current pixel based on the calculated limit value and a pixel difference between the current pixel neighboring pixels of the current pixel, and a pixel value conversion part to add a current pixel value to a value obtained by multiplying the calculated dilation amount by a predetermined gain value.


of coronary artery bypass grafting on resting and exercise hemodynamics in patients with stable angina pectoris: A prospective randomized study. Am J Cardiol 37: 823, 1976 211. Kent KM, Borer JS, Green MV, Bacharach SE, McIntosh CL, Conkle DM, Epstein SE: Effects of coronary artery bypass operation of global and regional left ventricular function during exercise. (abstr) Clin Res 25: 203A, 1977 212. Borer JS, Bacharach S, Green MV, Kent KM, Epstein SE, Johnson GS: Effects of nitroglycerin on global and regional left ventricular function during exercise. The case for prophylactic therapy in coronary disease. (abstr) Clin Res 25: 210A, 1977 213. Rimm AA, Barboriak JJ, Anderson HJ, Simson JS: Changes in occupation after aortocoronary bypass operation. JAMA 236: 361, 1976 214. Barnes GK, Oberman A, Kouchoukos NT, Ray MJ: Changes in work status in patients undergoing saphenous vein bypass surgery. (abstr) Circulation 51 and 52 (suppl II): II-118, 1975 215. Bok DC: Toward meeting our modern health needs. Harvard Med Alum Bull, p 8, Jan/Feb, 1977 216. Millman M: Coronary artery bypass surgery Laissez-faire in American surgical experiments. In The Unkindest Cut: Life in the Backrooms of Medicine. William Morrow & Co, Inc, New York, p 217-252, 1977 217. Kannel WB, Sorlie P: Remission rates for angina pectoris. 20 year follow-up. The Framingham study. (abstr) Am J Cardiol 39: 287, 1977 218. Conley MJ, Wechsler AS, Anderson RW, Oldham HN, Sabiston DC, Rosati RA: The relationship of patient selection to prognosis following aortocoronary bypass. Circulation 55: 158, 1977 219. Briston JD, Burchell HB, Campbell RW, Ebert PA, Hall RJ, Leonard JJ, Reeves TJ: Report of the ad hoc committee on the indications for coronary arteriography. Circulation 55: 969A, 1977 220. Mac Kenzie J: Angina pectoris. London, Forwde, 1923, p 253


In this paper, we derive Z input/output data refinement rules, including forwards and backwards rules, for the case in which the retrieve schemas are total functions when viewed as relations from the concrete to abstract variables. In practice, the relation between the abstract and concrete variables is often functional. Therefore, the use of the functional input/output refinement rules will reduce the cost and duration of the software development because the proof of the consistency of the abstract and concrete specifications is more easily demonstrated.


Total quality management has become an important issue in many public and private sector organizations. This may provide hope that training may be taken seriously in Britain, Many organizations' competitiveness is seriously damaged by the lack of training, even though many experts advocate comprehensive training to be the foundation on which essential improvement programmes should be built. A survey of small/medium‐sized manufacturing firms in the North of England showed that attitude to training has been short‐sighted and only a small percentage of firms have adopted a total quality management strategy within their organizations. Fully explores the survey results.


People from the Hopi Mesas established Homol'ovi, a cluster of villages on the Little Colorado River, in the 13th century. In this volume, Adams summarizes the results of 15 years of research into these villages and explores the relationship between the Homol'ovi and modern Hopi people. He advances theories about why Homol'ovi was founded where and when it was, and the importance of cotton in making this an important trade center. Adams also considers ,vhy Pueblo centers became so large, addressing theoretical issues pertaining to multiple settlements and the rise of enormous villages.


Bill Harvey tries out a recent addition to the visual field analyser market which includes a novel function for combining functional data with retinal images.


A computing environment may be represented as a deployable object hierarchy, which may be organized according to an object hierarchy schema that is commonly shared among the computing environment host and the devices that are configured to render the computing environment. A particular object hierarchy schema is presented in detail for representing a computing environment, wherein many objects of the computing environment are modeled as resources that may be distinctly addressable (e.g., in a RESTful object hierarchy.) Many types of objects and properties thereof are presented in order to elucidate an exemplary object hierarchy schema and to illustrate exemplary objects and object hierarchies organized according thereto. Additional properties of various object hierarchy schemas include extensibility, deployability, and object addressing models with various advantages.


Two diametrically different theatre projects of cross-cultural appropriation involving Shakespeare's Othello and Beijing opera1983 production in China and a 1994 workshop at Tufts Universitydemonstrate the give-and-take and the complexities of intercultural appropriation.


Today, we are observing a transition of science paradigms from the computational science to data‐intensive science. With the exponential increase of input and intermediate data, more applications are developed using the MapReduce programming model, which is regarded as an appropriate programming model for analysing large data sets. A MapReduce framework runs its applications on a cluster, where the computing capacity allocated to the applications is limited and may not fill their runtime resource demand. In this case, the Map/Reduce tasks have to wait in a queues, and the applications suffer from a poor performance. This work develops an autonomic resource manager within the Hadoop MapReduce framework. The manager is capable of getting aware of the overloading or under‐loading situations with the resources allocated to its user community. For the former, it takes an action of requesting more resources from, for example, the batch system of a High Performance Computing (HPC) cluster or Computing Clouds and integrates the additional resources, in case of acquisition, into the Hadoop MapReduce runtime. For the latter, the manager gives the free resources back to its source. We extended the existing Hadoop MapReduce resource manager to implement the proposed strategy and validated the concept on an HPC cluster with standard benchmark applications. Experimental results show a significant performance gain, for example, an up to 45% improvement in execution time for running multiple applications. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


For the past 60 years, the anxiety and depression medications are prescribed to patients based on The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS)[6] and Social and Functioning Assessment Scale(SOFAS)[2]. The HDRS[6] does not take into account the neuro biomarkers as it is very expensive to do FMRI on all patients. Goal of this project is to identify whether HDRS score and SOFAS score are representative of the three antidepressants: Sertraline, Venlafaxine, Escitalopram prescribed based on FMRI data of 5 brain attributes based on the small dataset of 128 patients collected from Williams PanLab, Precision Psychiatry and Translational Neuroscience, Stanford Medicine iSPOT-D project. There is a need for markers that are predictive of remission and guide classification and treatment choices in the development of a brain-based taxonomy for major depressive disorder (MDD) that affect millions of Americans.


Subcutaneous emphysema after tracheotomy is a well known entity. The 2 cases to be described in this paper may be of some interest, if only to demonstrate the difficulties of a specialist working under unfavorable circumstances. REPORT OF CASES Case1.—A 40 year old woman gave a history of hoarseness which started at 3 years of age and became progressively worse. One year before her case was brought to my attention, dyspnea developed, associated with attacks simulating asthma, which had become worse in the last three months. For two weeks the dyspnea had been so severe that she could not sleep, and she had suffered a heavy loss of weight. Several physicians had treated her for asthma. The first laryngoscopy was done at her home a month prior to my examination of her, and cancer of the larynx was diagnosed. She was sent to Tegucigalpa to consult an internist, Dr.


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It has been a long-lasting hope in basic and clinical research to identify neuroprotectant agents that improve clinical outcome after an ischemic stroke. Over a thousand compounds have been tested in the western world1 without identifying a single compound supported by firm evidence for use in acute stroke. Although 21 traditional Chinese medicines evaluated in clinical trials claimed to improve clinical outcome after stroke and 7 of them also allegedly decreased case fatality,2 because of methodological flaws in these trials, no recommendations can be made on these treatments until …


Description and biological aspects of a new species of Sigelgaita Heinrich, 1939, the first known to occur east of the Andes, S. cerei Becker, are presented. S. cerei larvae were collected on "restinga" ecosystems feeding on Pilosocereus arrabidae (Lem.) Byles & Rowl. (Parque Nacional da Restinga de Jurubatiba-Macae and Area de Protecao Ambiental de Barra de Marica, Rio de Janeiro) and rarely on Cereus obtusus Haw. (PNRJ). Life cycle and behavior of larvae are presented. Larvae are found singly on flower buds, on fruit or more frequently on stem of the plants. They build chambers in the cladodium where they complete their larval development, then droping to the ground in order to pupate. Trichogramma sp. was parasitizing 72% of eggs and a species of braconid was parasitizing half out of ten larvae collected from fruits of Cereus obtusus. S. cerei larvae develop a special role in the colonization and establishment of a diverse fauna associates with the hosts such as insects, spiders and yeasts. Ants, such as Camponotus crassus Mayr, 1862 and C. cingulatus Mayr, 1862 are among the insects which most frequently nest in the chambers abandoned by the larvae of this moth species.


Recent algorithmic developments have greatly accelerated 3-D simulation of micromachined devices, but simulation and optimization of systems which use those devices require much more easily evaluated, yet still accurate, macromodels. In this paper we focus on generating dynamically accurate small-signal macromodels, useful in many signal processing and feedback control applications. Results are presented demonstrating that dynamically accurate macromodels for the small-signal behavior of a cantilever beam and a micromirror can be automatically generated directly from 3-D simulation.


Diagenesis of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and manganese at three sites on the Canadian continental margin is quantitatively compared and contrasted using results from a computer code (CANDI) published by Boudreau (1996a), The data at Station 3 (Cabot Strait) are well explained by the steady state output from CANDI, assuming a porewater balance created by diffusion and reaction only, whereas the data from Stations 4 (Emerald Basin-Scotia Shelf) and 5 (Scotia Slope) are not consistent, in one way or another, with this simple model. The deviations between model and data at Station 4 are best explained by nonsteady-state diagenesis. Model fits to the Station 5 ΣCO 2 observations are improved dramatically by adding some irrigation at this site, but the ΣNH 3 distribution appears to be subject to an additional anomalous transport to the O 2 zone and subsequent oxidation to NO 3 . The mechanism for this latter phenomena is unknown and in need of future research. In addition, the O 2 and ΣCO 2 profiles at all sites require the existence of at least two reactive organic matter types; furthermore, the initial amounts of these OM types at each station is strongly dependent on the intensity of particle bioturbation. Ammonia is preferentially regenerated at Station 3 at a high ratio of about 25 N to 106 C. The net kinetics of the deeper removal of Mn 2+ appear to be fractional-order with respect to the concentration of this species, suggesting multiple removal processes, Finally, an oxidant balance, assuming steady state, indicates a considerable difference in the use of oxidants at each station even though the O 2 fluxes are similar.


China is a large country fer the production of magnetic materials because of its cheap price and abundant raw materials. The total yield of ferrite occupies about 20% fraction in the market of the world. In this report, the characteristics and the yield of the ferrite magnet produced in China were displayed. Also the distribution of manufacturers and research institutes and the Chinas 10th five-year-plan on the magnetic materials were reviewed.