Abstract
With the shift from an industrial to a knowledge economy, organization theorists continue to address the role and nature of control in organizational structure. The continuing utility of bureaucracy in new organizational forms was a focal point for this discussion. Research on this shift contributes to the ongoing debate on the role of ethics in bureaucratic and post-bureaucratic organizations. This paper suggested that the work of the artist Joseph Cornell provides a visual representation of the dimensions of this debate. First, the paper introduced Cornell to the reader. Next, the paper reviewed the research on bureaucratic and post-bureaucratic organizations with a focus on ethics, control, and enchantment in organizations. To provide visual reflections of the literature, this paper embedded examples of Cornell's works throughout the discussion. Cornell's art not only provides representations of these organizational forms, but also demonstrates how conflicts of an artist capture the development of thought within this area of organizational analysis.


FOR DECADES, THE GENETIC CAUSE OF a rare and fatal X chromosome– linked syndrome characterized by talipes equinovarus, atrial septal defect, Robin sequence, and persistent left superior vena cava (TARP) eluded clinicians and scientists. But a new genefinding strategy enabled scientists from the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) to discover the gene for TARP and to offer carrier testing to affected families (Johnston JJ et al. Am J Hum Genet. 2010;86[5]:743-748). The discovery was the latest in a string of successes for scientists using next-generation sequencing or massively parallel sequencing of the genome's protein-encoding regions and old-fashioned clinical investigation to zero in on the genetic causes of rare disorders that had evaded detection by more traditional methods. "It's a really rapidpath todiagnosis and understanding that was either impossible or extremely difficult and expensive to do previously," said Leslie G. Biesecker, chief of NHGRI's Genetic Disease Research Branch. The technique is likely to accelerate the identification of the genetic basis of a multitude of rare disorders. "There are thousands and thousands of cases where families are struggling with these very serious disorders and they don't have answers to their most basic questions," Biesecker said. The new technology allows sequencing of billions of base pairs of DNA fragments in the time it took the old technology to sequence millions. To further expedite the process, Biesecker and colleagues sequenced DNA samples from 2 large families that have multiple affected members. They sequenced only the protein-encoding regions of the X chromosome, which they believed were most likely to house the variant, and used their clinical understanding of TARP to filter through the results. For example,


Moving needed funds into and out of subsidiaries in countries where exchange regulations and balance of payments weakness are prevalent has always been much more of an art than a science. This paper is not intended to diminish the artistic component of this critical task, which consists in locating and defining the various and sometimes devious methods of inserting and extracting the right amount at the right time. Rather, it is sought to strengthen the skill of the artiste in determining which of several possible channels for funds flow should be used. To provide a framework of practicality for the discussion to follow, suppose the corporate treasurer of XYZ Corporation needs to provide his subsidiary in the country of Parcheesi 10,000,000 Parcheesian rupees (Ru) for a one year period. The local treasurer of the Parcheesian subsidiary proposes that this be funded by a parent company loan of Ru 8,000,000 at 15% per annum and a parent guaranteed loan of $1,000,000 (Ru 1 = US $0.50) from the local branch of a U.S. bank. This funding proposal is referred to as Package 1. Upon checking with another banking connection, the treasurer finds that the possibility exists for the parent to engage in a link financing arrangement. The parent company places $5,000,000 on deposit at 4% per annum with the head office of the bank, whose branch in Parcheesi simultaneously loans the subsidiary Ru 10,000,000 at 21% per annum. This proposal is designated Package 2. All loans and deposits under both financing packages are for a one year term, with interest payable at the end of the period. Both packages result in the provision of exactly Ru 10,000,000 to the subsidiary. Package 1, however, requires that the parent itself provide only $4,000,000, in contrast to the link financing alternative, which requires $5,000,000. The parent company will find whatever funding is required in the Eurodollar market at 9% per annum. Interest income and foreign exchange gains are taxable, and interest income and foreign exchange losses are tax deductible for both the parent and the subsidiary; the marginal tax rate in the United States is assumed to be 50% and in Parcheesi, 10%. For purposes of exposition, the marginal tax rate on foreign source income to XYZ is the same as that on domestic source income, although the approach developed here is extended at a later point in the paper to handle differential tax rates. No market for the forward rupee exists, and thus neither XYZ nor its subsidiary may cover their loan positions by forward operations. The basic decision problem thus becomes the selection of one of the two competing financing alternatives, and the primary factor complicating the problem is uncertainty


The Chandra X-ray Observatory has now discovered nearly 10,000 X-ray point sources in the 2° × 0.°8 region around the Galactic Center. The sources are likely to be a population of accreting binaries in the Galactic Center, but little else is known of their nature. We obtained JHKs imaging of the 17′ × 17′ region around Sgr A*, an area containing 4339 of these X-ray sources, with the ISPI camera on the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO) 4 m telescope. We cross-correlate the Chandra and ISPI catalogs to find potential IR counterparts to the X-ray sources. The extreme IR source crowding in the field means that it is not possible to establish the authenticity of the matches with astrometry and photometry alone. We find 2137 IR/X-ray astrometrically matched sources: statistically, we estimate that our catalog contains 289 ± 13 true matches to soft X-ray sources and 154 ± 39 matches to hard X-ray sources. However, the fraction of true counterparts to candidate counterparts for hard sources is just 11%, compared to 60% for soft sources, making hard source NIR matches particularly challenging for spectroscopic follow-up. We calculate a color–magnitude diagram (CMD) for the matches to hard X-ray sources, and find regions where significant numbers of the IR matches are real. We use their CMD positions to place limits on the absolute Ks-band magnitudes of the potential NIR counterparts to hard X-ray sources. We find regions of the counterpart CMD with 9 ± 3 likely Wolf-Rayet/supergiant binaries (with four spectroscopically confirmed in the literature) as well as 44 ± 13 candidates that could consist of either main-sequence high mass X-ray binaries or red giants with an accreting compact companion. In order to aid spectroscopic follow-up, we sort the candidate counterpart catalog on the basis of IR and X-ray properties to determine which source characteristics increase the probability of a true match. We find a set of 98 IR matches to hard X-ray sources with reddenings consistent with GC distances which have a 45% probability of being true counterparts.


The factors which influence an engine's starting performance are introduced,and the performance match between a starting motor and an engine is discussed.The results show that a good performance match between a starting motor and an engine has a very important role on a vehicle's staring performance,especially in the diversity environments in which current engines run,and can effectively reduce the malfunctions of staring mortors.


With the opening of the Las Vegas Monorail, the first installation of an open standards based radio train control system is in operation. The architecture of the Las Vegas Monorail train control system will be presented, and the numerous benefits of this type of system as compared to conventional track circuit or inductive loop based control systems will be examined with an emphasis on flexibility, and cost reduction. Using the IEEE 802.3 open standard for LAN based communication, and the IEEE 802.11 standard for the wayside to carborne link, the installation in Las Vegas has proven the viability and benefits of basing a train control system on open standards. An analysis of the success of the first six months of operation will be presented. By specifying an IEEE 802.3 standard interface between the train control subsystems and the communication system and using the Internet Protocol as the basis for all messaging, the layered architecture of the train control system eliminates its dependence upon a specific radio technology. The benefits of this concept will be examined. The IEEE 802.11 radios in use today provide a significantly expanded communication bandwidth, as compared to previous generation APM control systems. The benefits this added bandwidth brings to train control applications will be examined. In addition, an analysis will be made of the available unused bandwidth in the train control network for other applications such as carborne and remote wayside CCTV, enhanced diagnostics, and passenger announcement applications. Additional APM projects under development, which are using this technology will be discussed, with an analysis of their differences from the Las Vegas monorail.


Rats were sensitized by a single oral dose of dihydrotachysterol (DHT) and 24 hr later challenged by a single intravenous injection of a ThO/sub 2/ suspension (Thorotrast). The treatment induced multiple foci of calcification, connective tissue prolifuration, and infiltration with inflammatory cells, among which eosinophils and pseudoeosinophils predominated. The lesions tended to be selectively localized in the facial skin, soft palate, palatine arches, base of the tongue, esophagus, and mediastinal connectivetissue. The cutaneous changes thus produced resemble the calcareous form of scleroderma. Although heavy deposits of ThO/sub 2/ were microscopically visible in liver Kupffer cells and splenic phagocytes, calcium deposition never occurred in the liver and only occasionally in the periphery of the splenic Malpighian follicles. The lesions were accompanied by an intense acute osteitis fibrosa characterized by pronounced bone absorption with an abundance of osteoclasts, and fibrosis in the bone marrow. The bones of the rats treated with DHT alone showed no comparable lesions. The bone lesions result from an acute transposition of calcium from the skeleton into the affected soft tissues. The cutaneous lesions resemble the calcareous form of scleroderma. (H.H.D.)


Abstract Based on particle swarm optimization (PSO), a time-scaling method is proposed to determine a quasi-time-optimal movement of a rigid spacecraft along a given reference path. In the beginning, a reference trajectory that satisfies the geometric path constraints is synthesized. Then the time-scaling procedure of this trajectory is performed by utilizing integration of a time-scaling function. In this manner, the positions of the trajectory after scaling are kept the same to meet the geometric path constraints. However, the velocities and the accelerations are adjusted to meet the dynamics constraints and to minimize the travelling time simultaneously. To determine the time-scaling function, a cubic spline interpolation technique is used and control points for interpolation are determined simultaneously by a PSO method. To show the feasibility of the proposed method, simulation results are included for illustration.


Recently, rice growth and production have been influenced by climatic change worldwide. In particular, under low solar radiation and cloudy weather, rice plants show abnormal physiological responses. In this experiment, plants of the rice cultivar Samgwangbyeo grown 40% and 70% shading and natural conditions at the primordium initiation stage (PI) for 30 days and the booting stage for 10 days up to heading were compared. After shading treatments, culm lengths were significnatly longer than that in natural condition plots, and panicle lengths were shorter in the 40% and 70% shading treatment plots compared to control plots. After heading, the production of dry matter treated at the PI stage was significantly lower than that at the booting stage. SPAD values of the leaf color and N concentration of leaves treated with shading were greater than those under natural conditions. In the shading treatment, the lodging index at 20 days after heading was significantly higher than that in natural condition. For yield components, number of panicles, spikelet number per panicle, and ripened grain ratio significantly decreased with shading treatment; thus, rice yield decreased significantly. For rice quality, the protein content of the head rice treated with shading was significantly higher than that in the control plot, but the amylose content of rice treated with shading was signifiantly lower than that in rice in control plots.


The conformance testing on the wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is fundamental for the functional large-scale deployment and interconnection with the global Internet. The WSN protocols based on the Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) are the major trends of the future applications, which include IEEE 802.15.4, 6LoWPAN, and RPL. These protocols are not only diverse for various applications, but also volatile in the future. Moreover, sensor nodes are resource constrained, application related and lack the standardized test interface. Hence the corresponding conformance testing is seriously insufficient and needs urgently research. In this paper, the IPv6-based WSN protocols are analyzed and the conformance testing techniques and methods for IPv6-based WSNs are investigated towards the standardization of WSNs. A novel conformance test system for IPv6-based WSNs is designed and implemented, which is open, flexible, full featured, and practical. The conformance test system is suitable for the protocol evolution and the various hardware interfaces for the sensor nodes. The related outcomes will promote the standardization and commercialization of WSNs.


Before 1998, the blood donation in China was mixed with both paid and non-pay types, with over three-fourths of blood collected from paid donors. Since 1 October 1998, when the Law of Blood Donation was put into force, paid donation for clinical transfusion has been prohibited. Contrary to the worries in many people's minds that the blood supply might be weakened during the transferring period, blood donation has neither fallen nor maintained flat, in fact the donation doubled in volume for the last 10 years. The supply surpasses the demand in overall conception, or geographical and temporal analysis. Nevertheless, due to the restrains of economic and social development, the entire healthcare system and, consequently, the blood service remains at very preliminary stage.


Health care delivery in resource-constrained settings presents many challenges, including highly diverse workflows, lack of standardization in data collection and reporting, and scarcity along many dimensions such as infrastructure, income and education. Many attempts to introduce state-of-the-art standardized systems for electronic record keeping have met with limited success in these settings. We present the design, implementation and evaluation of C4G BLIS, a system that tracks patients, laboratory samples, test results, and generates customized reports and trends for patients, physicians and health officials. The system was designed and deployed based on two major principles: (1) an Iterative Cooperative Design (ICD) methodology (2) immediate and continuous benefits for day-to-day users of the system. C4G BLIS is currently in use in many large hospital laboratories in Africa, and we report on the experience and results from these deployments, including improved turn-around times, reduced error rates and user satisfaction.


Bilirubin oxidase was stored in the solutions containing polyammonium salts for a given time at 30°C, and the activity was assayed. The enzyme catalyzes the reaction: 4[Fe(CN)_6]^4– + 4H^+ + O_2 Æ 4[Fe(CN)_6]^3– + 2H_2O, and the activity can be measured by the absorbance at the wavelength for the absorption maxima of [Fe(CN)_6]^3–. The results show that polyammonium cations comprising quaternary ammonium in the main chain and hydrophilic groups, such as hydroxyl and amide groups, stabilize the enzyme in solution. These polyammonium cations may act like a protective colloid. The membrane-covered electrode containing the polyammonium cations, the enzyme, and [Fe(CN)_6]^4–/3– in the internal solution phase was constructed. The electrode gave a well-defined current–potential curve with a steady state limiting current due to the polycation-[Fe(CN)_6]^4–/3– complex-mediated bioelectrocatalytic current for the reduction of O_2. The time-dependent decrease of the limiting current indicates again the stabilizing effect of the polyammonium cations on the enzyme.


First Episode Rapid Early Intervention for Eating Disorders (FREED) is an early intervention model for young people with recent‐onset eating disorders (ED). Promising results from a previous single‐centre study and a four‐centre study (FREED‐Up) have led to the rapid national scaling of FREED to ED services in England (FREED‐4‐All). Our aim was to evaluate duration of an untreated ED (DUED), wait time target adherence, and clinical outcomes in FREED‐4‐All and compare these to the (benchmark) findings of the earlier FREED‐Up study.


Trust is a key word in current public debates. Bankers have become one of the most distrusted professional groups in the West. Politicians in most democra‐ cies have experienced for decades the decline of political trust. Japanese no longer trust the Tokyo Electric Power Company Tepco and their government after the nuclear catastrophe in Fukushima. Germans have lost confidence in the European currency. All of these developments sound dramatic because people seem to believe that human interaction in networks and systems can‐ not function without a minimum level of trust. When citizens do not trust their government, they will deliberately not pay taxes or render voluntary services to the community. When people do not trust each other, they will spend enor‐ mous resources to protecting themselves against fraud, theft, and violence. As a further consequence, the state's monopoly on the use of force is endangered. Trust is a social capital and it reduces transaction costs in social and economic


Previously described Cr-montmorillonite (Cr-MMT) was found to retain reactivity in the ethylene polymerization reaction regardless of which alkyl-metal was used for workup in the preparation process, as long as alkylaluminium was used as a cocatalyst in the actual polymerization reaction. Introduction of hydrogen pressure was found to regulate the polymerization to give the product polymer with a narrower weight distribution, albeit with a somewhat smaller average molecular weight. Supporting metallocene onto Cr-MMT produced a binuclear catalyst system which gave rise to bimodal polyethylene (PE). Polymer composition of the produced high density polyethylenes (HDPEs) could be controlled by changing factors such as the polymerization conditions and the identity of the metallocene compounds. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 3722–3728, 2010


That the invention relates to a base transceiver station (BTS) for communicating with at least two of the plural divided into a group of user equipment (UE1, UE2, UE3, UE4, UE5), the base station - user equipment (UE1, UE2 , of each of the down-tilt of at least two shift static beams having (antenna element array for generating Bi, Bo), and connected to the transceiver chain (9), the uplink digital signal to reach the UE3, UE4, UE5) at least two linear complex combination processing unit 25, and means for carrying out - to receive uplink signals and based on the quality of the uplink signal in the beam flow (Fi, F0) select the appropriate beam for each user equipment It means for.


The invention relates to a transmission system with integrated electric machine (2), with a transmission (1) with freewheel (7) and an attached planetary gear (3) and a clutch (K1) either to separate the transmission system of an internal combustion engine separation of the transmission ( 1) of the connected planetary gear (3) and a spur gear (6) which connects the electric machine (2) with a web (32) of the planetary gear (3), wherein a clutch (K2) used for blocking the planetary gear (3) is and the output (11) with a ring gear (31) of the planetary gear (3) is connected.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the influencing factors of patients' financial burden through a case study of hospital on public‒private partnerships (PPP) model (Chaonan Minsheng Hospital of Guangdong Province) and provide some useful information to policymakers for better development of hospitals on PPP model.

Design/methodology/approach
There are total six indicators that are defined as patients' financial burden, basing on the policy of "indicators of medical quality management and control on the third level large general hospital (2011 edition)," issued by Chinese Government. In total, 23 potentially influencing factors of patients' financial burden for hospital on PPP model were chosen from the above policy. The five-year (2007‒2011) data for the above 29 indicators come from statistic department of hospital on PPP model. Grey relational analysis (GRA) was applied to analyze the influencing factors of patients' financial burden for hospital on PPP model.

Findings
A clear rank of influencing factors of patients' financial burden is obtained and suggestions are provided from results of GRA, which provide reference for policymakers of hospital on PPP model. The five main influencing factors of patients' financial burden for hospital on PPP model, in sequence, are rescuing critical ill patients on emergency, rescuing critical ill inpatients, inpatient bed occupancy rate, working days per bed and medical building area.

Originality/value
The study on the influencing factors of patients' financial burden for hospital on PPP model not only provides decision-making for policymaker of hospital and controlling of medical expenditure but also contributes to release patients' financial burden for hospitals on PPP model.


An efficient method for the synthesis of 1-thio-β-mannopyranosides is reported. This method employs the simple, easy-to-make 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-1-S-acetyl-1-thio-β-D-mannopyranose as starting material to conduct an in situ selective de-S-acetylation, and subsequent SN2 reaction with an acceptor bearing a leaving group. The high nucleophilicity and slow anomerization of the intermediate thiol allows the synthesis of 1-thio-β-mannopyranosides in a simple and practical manner.


We have studied the lifetimes of the excited electron states of thin N,N′bis(phenethyl)perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide) (DPEP) films, prepared in situ, using femtosecond time-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. DPEP is an organic compound similar to photoreceptor materials widely used in many imaging applications. By controlling the evaporation conditions, we have been able to grow films of different morphologies, and found that the relaxation dynamics depends on the morphology. We have investigated two distinct films characterized by very different absorption spectra. We have found that for the film with absorption maximum at 500 nm, a typical lifetime is 55 fs at 2.1 eV above the highest occupied molecular orbital level. For the other film with absorption maximum at 630 nm, the relaxation rate is almost twice as fast, resulting in a lifetime of 30 fs at the same energy. We attribute the extremely short lifetimes to a rapid internal conversion process from S2 and S1 levels to the vibrational manifol...


The innumerable and compelling benefits of exclusive breastfeeding to the infant, mother, family and society are well recognized. Hypernatremic dehydration is a rare, yet potentially preventable complication of exclusive breastfeeding; the etiology being inadequate lactation. We report 2 exclusively breastfed newborn infants with serum sodium levels of 166 and 159 mEq/L, respectively. Both babies presented with excessive weight loss, fever, dehydration, and irritability. Mothers had inadequate lactation. Corresponding breast milk sodium levels were elevated in both mothers (77 and 45 mEq/l; normal 7-21 mEq/L between 3-14 d postpartum). Appropriate parenteral fluids were administered to correct dehydration and hypernatremia. Serum sodium normalized within 72 hours. Following counseling, breastfeeding was resumed after 48 hours with both the mothers achieving good lactation. Infants were finally discharged on exclusive breastfeeding. Timely recognition and awareness of this potentially lethal, but preventable condition is essential to ensure a favorable outcome. Exclusive breastfeeding; Hypernatremic dehydration; Newborn infant


Objective To detect the expression of Id1 and HBx in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue samples and analyzed the correlation between Id1 expression levels and clinicopathological features of patients.Methods Tumor tissue samples obtained from a total of 113 HCC patients.The expression of Id1 proteins of these samples were detected by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and evaluated by two independent pathologists.The corrections between the clinical pathological parameters and the IHC scores for Id1and the prognostic significance were statistical analyzed by SPSS 19.0 software.Results Ninty-six of 113 patients is HBV-related HCC.Over-expression of Id1 were found positively correlated with the HBsAg > 200 s/n,histological grade,portal vein invasion.Patients with Id1 overexpression had both shorter disease-free and overall survival times.Conclusions High expression of Id1 was correlated with serum HBsAg,histological grade,portal vein invasion and poor clinical outcomes in HBV-related HCC.

Key words:
Carcinoma, hepatocellular;  Hepatitis B virus;  Inhibitor of differentiation protein


This article examines the use of the term kuriakÚw ênyrvpow in the works of the fifth-century, ascetical theologian Mark the Monk. It begins with an overview of the findings of Alois Grillmeier, who published the most detailed study of the term to date, and goes on to examine the chronological development of Mark's use of the term from the Epistle to Nicholas to On the Incarnation. It is argued that Grillmeier misinterpreted Mark's use of the term and, therefore, failed to appreciate the real contribution the study of Mark makes to our understanding of fifth-century christological polemics. In particular, this study demonstrates the way in which this monastic writer adapts his vocabulary to changing polemical exigencies while maintaining a consistent Christology. At the same time it illustrates Mark's ability to negotiate between the native vocabulary of the Syrian monks to whom he writes and the vocabulary of Cyril of Alexandria. As such, it contributes to our understanding of the rapprochement between the Eastern bishops and monks and Cyril's party following the Council of Ephesus.


The inter-rater and test-retest reliabilities of the Devereux Elementary School Behavior (DESB) Rating Scale were found to be satisfactory when averaged over two raters. Two separate factor analyses of the eleven subscales revealed three broadband factors: Classroom Management Problem, Self-Reliant Learner, and Seeks Teacher Approval. Each broad-band or major factor is composed of a cluster of subscales that describe the different facets of the three main factors.


Refugees are the main actors of a fundamental issue in which many states are now in a dilemma: On the one hand welfare of citizens and national interests, on the other hand, there is help to people who take refuge in the borders of other countries for compelling reasons such as war and famine, and to recognize their refugee status. One of the main factors shaping the migration policies of states is their position towards this critical dilemma. Of course, it should not be concluded that the countries dealing with the refugee issue can only act on two attitudes (the unconditional admission of refugees or the complete rejection of refugee status). There are also countries that try to manage the support process with economic assistance, although they accept refugees very limited numbers at their borders. What we mean here is that governments shape refugee policies around two basic discourse forms. In the face of the refugee issue, the form of discourse argues that states should ensure the welfare of their citizens or keep the current level of welfare as a priority, focuses on the economic, social and cultural problems that migrants and refugees can create. If the situation of refugees is considered as a struggle to survive and it is accepted that these people have to seek asylum in order to survive, it will be easier to recognize their social and legal status. Throughout our study, we will focus on the manifestations of these two forms of discourse and try to evaluate the issue of refugee being in the present age in terms of host society and displaced people.


Several lines of evidence suggest that the pathobiont Porphyromonas gingivalis is involved in the development and/or progression of rheumatoid arthritis. This bacterium produces cysteine proteases, such as gingipain RgpA, endowed with the potential to induce significant inflammation in patients with periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis. Both diseases involve chronic inflammation with the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, connective tissue breakdown and bone erosion.

 A 25-peptide named BR1 from Porphyromonas gingivalis was synthesized for the study. Serum samples from patients with RA, early arthritis, other rheumatic diseases, and normal controls were used in the study. A monoclonal antibody named BR2mAb was derived from BALB/c mice immunized with the 25-mer peptide was produced as the control. Anti-BR1, ACPA and RF were detected by ELISA.

 Anti-BR1 were detected in 56.0% (59/106) of RA patients and were found in 63.8% (23/36) of RA patients without both RF and/or ACPA. The serological positive rates with the two tests of RF and ACPA and with the three tests of anti-BR1, RF, and ACPA were 66% and 84.2%, respectively. Anti-BR1 were detected in 60.0% (9/15) of patients with early arthritis, but neither RF nor ACPA was detected in this group of patients. The sensitivity and specificity for RA were 60.1% and 95%, respectively. The BR2 mAb reacted to Porphyromonas gingivalis as well.

 A specific 25-mer peptide from the cysteine protease of P. gingivalis is the epitope for humoral immune response in rheumatoid arthritis. The anti-25-mer peptide antibody test is an excellent new test for the diagnosis of patients with RA and early arthritis.
 This study was supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST-104-2314-B-039-045, MOST-105-2911-I-039-504, MOST-105-2314-B-039-047, MOST-106-2911-I-039-501, MOST-107-2314-B-039-050, MOST-108-2314-B-039-019), and from China Medical University Hospital (DMR-106-188, DMR-108-183, DMR-109-206).


Distributed caching is one such system used by dynamic high-traffic websites to process the incoming user requests to perform the required tasks in an efficient way. Distributed caching is currently employing hashing algorithm in order to serve its purpose. A significant drawback of hashing in this circumstance is the addition of new servers that would result in a change in the previous hashing method (rehashing), hence, goes into a rigmarole. Thus, we need an effective algorithm to address the problem. This technique has served as a solution for distributed and rehashing problems. Most of upcoming internet of things will have to be latency aware and will not afford the data transmission and computation time in the cloud servers. The real-time processing in proximal distance device would be much needed. Hence, the authors aim to employ a real-time task scheduling algorithm. Computations referring to the user requests that are to be handled by the servers can be efficiently handled by consistent hashing algorithms.


The emergency rescue plan is a critical part and also a fundamental safeguard for the civil aviation safety system.The Decision-making on rescue grade bears a direct impact for the assessment of the whole accident,as well as the decision on rescue measures and the deployment of the rescue forces.Some improvements on ID3 algorithm which is a traditional decision tree creating algorithm has been fulfilled through the adoption of rough set theory during the rescue grade decision process.At the same time,a much more better rescue grade decision rule has been approached through the simplification of properties of the rough data table and the introduction of the roughness during the construction process of the decision tree.


The set of primitive operations available to a generative hyper-heuristic can have a dramatic impact on the overall performance of the heuristic search in terms of efficiency and final solution quality. When constructing a primitive set, users are faced with a tradeoff between generality and time spent searching. A set consisting of low-level primitives provides the flexibility to find most or all potential solutions, but the resulting heuristic search space might be too large to find adequate solutions in a reasonable time frame. Conversely, a set of high-level primitives can enable faster discovery of mediocre solutions, but prevent the fine-tuning necessary to find the optimal heuristics. By varying the set of primitives throughout evolution, the heuristic search can utilize the advantages of both high-level and low-level primitive sets. This permits the heuristic search to either quickly traverse parts of the search space as needed or modify the minutiae of the search to find optimal solutions in reasonable amounts of time not feasible with implicit levels of primitive granularity. This paper demonstrates this potential by presenting empirical evidence of improvements to solvers for the Traveling Thief Problem, a combination of the Traveling Salesman Problem and the Knapsack Problem, a recent and difficult problem designed to more closely emulate real world complexity.


This study describes possible ways of implementing the emulators of two-state memcapacitor, which exhibits unambiguous constitutive relation of "flux-integral of charge" type. Instead of classical mutator approach, the technique of switched capacitors is used, representing an effective method of emulating the floating two-terminal devices. Keywords—memcapacitor, switched capacitor, constitutive relation, charge, flux.


ABSTRACT Freedom of Movement (FoM) has paradoxical implications for Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries: it facilitates brain drain and general population loss but also enjoys continuously high appreciation from Eastern Europeans. Against this background, the article addresses the question: how do FoM-driven expectation gaps— gaps between FoM policy design and outcomes – trigger policy responses? Borrowing from institutional change theories the article identifies new institutions that are added to FoM at the EU level. It argues that these new institutions, called 'layers', are established alongside the existing EU principle for the purpose of addressing critique that arises from gaps. To preserve the status quo of the FoM principle and its function for the single market, the layers define incremental changes to the overall policy framework of FoM. They introduce a compensation mechanism for population loss and Commission agency on demographic change and migrant return.


This article describes canopy apparent spectral reflectance of three mangrove species at Jiulong River estuary reserve using a portable hyperspectrometer,using the spectral data collected in fields to analyze mangrove canopy spectral reflectance characteristics and to compare their differences,the mangrove species distribution classified by using a tideland remote sensing information discrimination software based on SPOT satellite remote sensing images,and the disadvantage of mangrove spectral reflectance in higher research is discussed.


United States nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the U.S. Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the U.S. Government or any agency thereof. The energy balance Bowen ratio (EBBR) system produces 30-minute estimates of the vertical fluxes of sensible and latent heat at the local surface. Flux estimates are calculated from observations of net radiation, soil surface heat flux, and the vertical gradients of temperature and relative humidity (RH). Meteorological data collected by the EBBR are used to calculate bulk aerodynamic fluxes, which are used in the Bulk Aerodynamic Technique (BA) EBBR value-added product (VAP) to replace sunrise and sunset spikes in the flux data. A unique aspect of the system is the automatic exchange mechanism (AEM), which helps to reduce errors from instrument offset drift. To view near-real-time plots of EBBR data, visit the NCVweb at http://dq.arm.gov/ncvweb/ncvweb.cgi. Choose " sgp " from the menu, and click the " Submit Site " button. Then choose sgp30ebbrE##.b1 from the next menu (## stands for extended facility number) and click the " Submit DataStream " button. Now highlight a date or range of dates for which you are interested in seeing EBBR data and click on the " Plot File " button. Choose a variable for the Y axis and click on the " Apply Changes " button to plot the data. Time series and multiple plots can also be created. We define uncertainty as the range of probable maximum deviation of a measured value from the true value within a 95% confidence interval. Given a bias (mean) error B and uncorrelated random errors characterized by a variance σ 2 , the root-mean-square error (RMSE) is defined as the vector sum of these, 3 RMSE = B 2 + σ 2 () 1/ 2. (B may be generalized to be the sum of the various contributors to the bias and σ 2 the sum of the variances …


The crystal structure of the relaxor ferroelectric Pb/sub 2/ScTaO/sub 6/ has been refined from high-resolution neutron time-of-flight powder diffraction data at 400 and 4.2 K. At 400 K, in the paraelectric state, the structure is cubic, space group Fm3m, with lattice parameter 8.15513(4) W. This structure is derived from the simple cubic perovskite structure by partial ordering of the octahedral cations (Ta, Sa). At 4.2 K, in the ferroelectric state, the structure is rhombohedral, space group R3, with lattice parameters a=8.15441(7) /spl Aring/ and /spl alpha/=89.8485(3)/spl deg/. This structure represents a previously unknown distortion of the perovskite structure. It differs from the paraelectric crystal structure by cooperative ion shifts. The coordination polyhedra observed in the ferroelectric state, clearly indicate the presence of a stereochemically active electron lone pair on lead. The large displacement parameters associated with both lead and oxygen ions, in the paraelectric structure, suggest significant local shifts of these ions (/spl sim/0.2 /spl Aring/) from their ideal sites.


Molten aluminium is equilibrated with pure carbon over a temperature range of 800° to 1400°C under the pressure of 4×10-5mm Hg, and atmosphere. of argon Solubility of carbon in liquid aluminium under pres sure of 4×10-5mmHg is 0.10, 0.14, 0.16, and 0.32wt% at 800°, 1000°, 1100°, and 1200° respectively, and is high compared with the value obtained in the atmosphere of argon. The difference of solubility data was discussed as based on the existence of small amount of oxygen in the system. Solibility of carbon in solid aluminium is estimated to be 0.015wt% from the analytical data of graphite carbon.


Educators in the field of gifted education attempt to not only accelerate curriculum for their students, but also to encourage and expand their critical and creative thinking. They often explain this creative approach to students as out of the box thinking. The box is an effective analogy to help children understand how to shift their thinking and learning styles toward taking initiative and becoming more original, questioning and imaginative.


his paper analysed the reaction on psychopharmaca of 136 cases of paranoid schixophrenia and compared the sexual difference. The results showed: Female group had a better therapeutic effect and more side reaction as there was no significant changes on aver-age dose/kg/d.This study suggested that female sexual has a higher sensitivity to psy-chopharmaca.


Introduction:
 Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have discovered >300 associations for CAD. Few loci are functionally characterized and may represent new mechanisms of disease.

 Hypothesis:
 Can an unbiased transcriptional screen for the >2000 candidate GWAS genes in endothelial cells (ECs) identify causal genes and disease-relevant pathways at CAD GWAS loci.

 Methods:
 We applied CRISPRi-Perturb-seq to knock down expression of genes within 500 Kb of coronary artery disease GWAS loci (2,300 genes in total) and measure their transcriptomic effects using single-cell RNA-seq. Validation of candidate causal genes was conducted in primary human ECs and zebrafish.

 Results:
 We identified 50 programs of co-expressed genes, which represent core cellular pathways (i.e. ribosome biogenesis) and 13 EC-specific pathways such as flow response and angiogenesis. The EC-specific programs show the greatest contribution to CAD heritability. 5 EC-specific programs have the greatest number of GWAS candidate genes. We find that 43 of 306 CAD GWAS signals converge onto these 5 gene programs, and all are regulated by genes in the cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) pathway—which coordinates KLF2/4 transcriptional responses in endothelial cells, but has not been linked to CAD risk. The strongest regulator of these programs is
 TLNRD1
 , which we show is a new CAD gene and novel regulator of the CCM pathway.
 TLNRD1
 loss-of-function alters actin organization and barrier function in endothelial cells
 in vitro
 , and heart development in zebrafish
 in vivo
 .

 Conclusions:
 High-throughput functional analysis of 2,300 genes proximal to CAD GWAS loci prioritized pathways—such as angiogenesis and EC migration—that are regulated by multiple risk SNPs. Our study identifies new genes that likely influence risk for CAD, identifies convergence of CAD genes into certain pathways in endothelial cells, and prioritizes study of genes in the CCM-signaling pathway for contribution to CAD risk.


To automatically detect dangerous situations in public areas, systems based on visual detection are the most commonly used. In certain situations, to detect a source of danger, an automatic acoustic detection system may be preferable. This paper presents a smart acoustic sensor system, which automatically detects acoustic pulse events, such as gunshots, in public places, and localizes the position of the acoustic source. Tested firearms are 9 mm short gun, 6.35 mm short gun,. 22 short gun with various subsonic and supersonic ammunition. Various sounds like door slams, human screams, etc. represent false alarms.


There are many control modes for AC speed adjustment as the main electrical driv e. AC step motion drive is a new study branch of movement control.Base d on the control of position and speed. A sort of new type control mode is prese nted.In this p aper,according to the structure of converter, circuit and state equation of sync hronous motor, step motion system is simulated by using circuit and electronics simulating program ICAP. Simulation result is excellent.


The study aimed to provide aids for the regulation of protection forest space allocation.According to the demands of the regulation of protection forest space allocation,the framework of the regulation decision support system based on GIS was designed.The system consisted of database,knowledge base,model base and user interface.DSSRPFSA gave full play to the thinking of the decision-makers,realized the visualization with subcompartment as regulation unit,and maked the regulation of protection forest space allocation more scientific,practical and applicable.


LATMOS (mountain range), which can be a geopark, is located near Lake Bafa Nature Park on the border of Aydin and Mugla. The region has a deep history dating back to many years and valuable natural, archaeological and geological heritage sites. In this study, the geomorphological structure of the region is examined in general terms, especially research area in terms of geotourism has quite interesting features. The elevations at the end point of the Buyuk Menderes Basin reach up to pretty high for sub-Aegean geological formations and have an geostrategically important position and wide viewing area. In history, these mountains, which were considered sacred especially in the Carian period, have always been in an important position in terms of human culture. The presence of traces of rock settlements dating to the Neolithic period in the mountains is also known today. Scattered rock paintings in the region were the most important findings. However, they have survived to the present day by being damaged. These and similar rock churches and monaster, as well as military castles and walls, leaving many distinctive and interesting cultural traces, these mountainous areas, which are inhabited, are expected to be constantly preserved and renewed. In history, there are also other ruins of  the Carian State, which spread to a much larger background in the sub-Aegean. The port city of Herakleia (now Kapikiri village) is located on the shores of Lake Bafa. Massive rock formations that have undergone metamorphic changes in the process are in need of investigation in many aspects of volcanic, magnetic and mineralogical aspects. These rocks also have qualities that can be salty due to their relationship with the sea. In summary, this region is composed of mountain ranges (Latmos Mountains), valleys with different features of archelogical sites and a very special lake that have an important natural park feature. In addition to its interesting natural structure, rock formations and geoheritage areas, it must be protected with the awareness of geotourism. It should not be forgotten that in order to transfer the traces of many different cultural settlements within the rocks to the next generations in a healthy way, the region is obliged to be carefully conserved together with a conservation aimmed development plan.


The extractive variant of the mandelic method of zirconium isolation from natural materials with small contents of zirconium is discussed. (auth)


Experiments are conducted to evaluate the tolerance of three deciduous species: black locust, honeylocust, apple, and three coniferous species: Douglas fir, ponderosa pine, and Japanese black pine, in the seedling stage to napropamide. Deciduous species were more susceptible to napropamide than coniferous species. Domestic apple had the slowest seed germination and root development and was more susceptible. The deciduous species had more secondary roots in the shallow soil layer which contained most of the herbicide than the coniferous species. The roots of all woody species tested in vitro were inhibited significantly by contact with the herbicide, but only shoot growth of domestic apple and black locust was inhibited. Injury to woody nursery crop seedlings may be avoided by delaying herbicide application.


Deposition of dust on PV panels has been shown to decrease the energy production of the panel. In this study dust was allowed to accumulate on glass plates, similar to those used for PV cover plates, in Commerce City Colorado. The plates were exposed to the environment for varying lengths of time and at several tilt angles in order to accumulate varying amounts of dust. The amount of dust and the transmission through the glass plate were measured. Results showed that the light transmission was significantly effected by dust accumulation. For dust accumulations of less than 1.5 g/m2, light transmission was reduced by 6% per g/m2 of dust accumulation. Additionally the data indicate that incidence angle does not impact the transmission reduction caused by dust deposition.


Trade of the OECD countries has grown faster than income during the postwar period. This paper tests a number of different hypotheses for the observed growth in the trade/income ratio. For small open economies, increases in real output and international reserves, as well as declines in tariff rates are associated with growth in the ratio. There are important differences in the behavior of the trade ratio across time and country size.


The paper brings second part of an analysis and synthesis of servo-drives with integral low-pass disturbance observer (DO) filters. The loop established by extending a stabilizing PD-controller by a binomial noise attenuation filter and by a disturbance reconstruction and compensation is devoted to the position control. The dominant loop dynamics represented by an inertial mass is approximated by a second-order integrator. The torque generator dynamics, together with the processing and communication delays are approximated by a dead-time. The solution proposed is compared with a DO based solution using binomial filters both in the disturbance reconstruction and in the stabilizing feedback (DO-FPID) and with a traditional cascaded P-PI structure without additional filters. The output position is considered to be measured by an incremental encoder. Impact of the filter parameters and of the sampling period on the resulting control performance are being explored. The solution using combination of both basic types of low-pass filters shows a significantly improved loop performance.


This paper proposes a new type of a cableless magnetic actuator that exhibits a high speed locomotion and considers reversible motion of the cableless actuator due to control of a magnetic field by using coils outside a pipe. This actuator contains a mechanical inverter that directly transforms dc from button batteries into ac. The mechanical dc-ac inverter incorporates a mass-spring system and a curved beam with a concentrated mass that switches under an electromagnetic force. The actuator is moved by inertia force of the mass-spring system due to mechanical resonance energy. Experimental result shows that the actuator is able to move upward at a speed of 16.5 mm/s by using 10 button batteries when pulling 10 g load mass. The results hold great promise for the creation of highly mobile actuator capable of moving in pipes with diameters of under 8 mm.


SUBTITLE: INITIALLY, PROCUREMENT SEEMED LIKELY TO BE THE FIRST AREA WHERE THE INTERNET AND RELATED TECHNOLOGY COULD BRING WHOLESALE IMPROVEMENTS ACROSS THE SUPPLY CHAIN. REVERSE AUCTIONS, EXCHANGES, AND E-PROCUREMENT PROMISED TO REDUCE PRICES WHILE INCREASING PROCESS EFFICIENCY. YET COMPANIES QUICKLY DISCOVERED THAT NEEDED TO BE CAREFUL THAT THEIR NEW TECHNOLOGY DID NOT CONFLICT WITH OTHER KEY SUPPLY CHAIN INITIATIVES. ONE COMPANY, PFIZER INC., FOUND A WAY TO USE ITS E- PROCUREMENT INITIATIVES TO SUPPORT RATHER THAN OVERHAUL ITS STRATEGIC SOURCING EFFORTS.


An optical writing device and methods and computer programs for writing data on an optically recordable medium are provided. One embodiment is a method for writing data on an optically recordable medium. One such method comprises: pre-heating a writing location on a recordable medium using a heat source to a temperature below a writing threshold temperature of the recordable medium; and writing on the writing location using a laser source by raising the temperature of the recording location above the writing threshold temperature.


We experimentally demonstrate the proposed scheme using balanced receiver and MZM for OBN reduction. Unlike the reported methods, this scheme reduces OBN at CO not at ONU in WDM/SCM PON. EVM of 32QAM signal with 10Mbps is measured in case that ONUs are 2channels. The EVM of 4% is obtained through the proposed scheme implementation.


To improve the taste,reduce the irritation and enhance the smoking quality,low grade tobacco leaves were treated with aroma-producing yeast screened from tobacco leaf itself,and compared with the smoke gas by GC-MS.The results showed that the smoking quality was the best in sensory evaluation under conditions of 25℃ temperature,16 h fermentation time and 10 S/N ratio.The components of leaves and smoke gas were not significantly different with the control,but the relative content varied,which made the smoking quality improved.


Simple Summary To fulfill the food demand of the enormously growing population, different synthetic pesticides and fertilizers are used to grow crops. These synthetic products pose ill effects on humans and the environment. In recent times, the trend has shifted towards developing and utilizing bioproducts that are eco-friendly and sustainable to use in agriculture. They enhance productivity and restore equilibrium naturally in agroecological systems. In this regard, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) facilitate crop production in multiple ways. This review deals with the limitations and challenges of conventional pesticides following the different microbes used as bioproducts along with how Bacillus is one of the promising PGPR used in sustainable agriculture. Bacillus spp. improves crop growth in both direct and indirect ways through nitrogen fixation, P and K solubilization, phytohormones production, quorum quenching, biofilm formation, and lytic enzymes production. Moreover, Bacillus spp. boost plant resistance towards the notorious phytopathogens. As Bacillus spp. is eco-friendly, promotes plant growth, confers resistance against diseases, improves soil fertility, non-toxic, naturally occurring microbe, and supports sustainable agriculture, there is a need to explore the potential of native Bacillus spp. and to use them in bioproduct development to support sustainable agriculture. Abstract Food security will be a substantial issue in the near future due to the expeditiously growing global population. The current trend in the agriculture industry entails the extravagant use of synthesized pesticides and fertilizers, making sustainability a difficult challenge. Land degradation, lower production, and vulnerability to both abiotic and biotic stresses are problems caused by the usage of these pesticides and fertilizers. The major goal of sustainable agriculture is to ameliorate productivity and reduce pests and disease prevalence to such a degree that prevents large-scale damage to crops. Agriculture is a composite interrelation among plants, microbes, and soil. Plant microbes play a major role in growth promotion and improve soil fertility as well. Bacillus spp. produces an extensive range of bio-chemicals that assist in plant disease control, promote plant development, and make them suitable for agricultural uses. Bacillus spp. support plant growth by N fixation, P and K solubilization, and phytohormone synthesis, in addition to being the most propitious biocontrol agent. Moreover, Bacilli excrete extracellular metabolites, including antibiotics, lytic enzymes, and siderophores, and demonstrate antagonistic activity against phytopathogens. Bacillus spp. boosts plant resistance toward pathogens by inducing systemic resistance (ISR). The most effective microbial insecticide against insects and pests in agriculture is Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Additionally, the incorporation of toxin genes in genetically modified crops increases resistance to insects and pests. There is a constant increase in the identified Bacillus species as potential biocontrol agents. Moreover, they have been involved in the biosynthesis of metallic nanoparticles. The main objective of this review article is to display the uses and application of Bacillus specie as a promising biopesticide in sustainable agriculture. Bacillus spp. strains that are antagonistic and promote plant yield attributes could be valuable in developing novel formulations to lead the way toward sustainable agriculture.


In this paper we investigate the local probability density function (pdf) of natural signals in sparse domains. The statistical properties of natural signals are characterized more accurately in the sparse domains because the sparse domain coefficients (SDCs) have heavy-tailed distribution and have reduced correlation with adjacent coefficients. Our experiments show that a conditionally (given locally estimated variance and shape) independent Bessel K-form (BKF) pdf locally fits the sparse domain's coefficients of natural signals, accurately. To justify this observation, we also investigate the pdf of the locally estimated variance and suggest a Gamma pdf for the locally estimated variance. Since commonly used sparse transformations are orthonormal, the pdf of the sparse domain coefficients must converge to Gaussian distribution by virtue of central limit theorem assuming that natural signals are locally wide sense stationary for small window sizes. Interestingly, we observe that the pdf of the normalized data (on the locally estimated variance) exhibit a Gaussian pdf, which justifies why the BKF pdf is an appropriate fit.


Abstract A key issue in cognitive and behavioural therapy is when to change maladaptive thinking and behaviour through words, and when to let a patient learn through experience. The first strategy will most effectively change conscious knowledge, while the second will affect unconscious knowledge. Research into the two types of knowledge has been performed within philosophy and experimental psychology for a long time, but without much contact with clinical psychology. One reason behind this fact may be the rich and rather confusing terminology within the field, which is outlined in the present article. It is suggested that cognitive-behavioural therapy could serve as an example of the advantages of an integration which does not yet exist in experimental psychology.


The beam halo is a major issue for interaction region (IR) backgrounds at many colliders, for example, future linear colliders, B factories, and also it is an important problem at ATF2. In this paper, we report on the halo propagation along the ATF2 beam line with realistic apertures, the nonlinear optics influence on the increasing number of halo particles input is analyzed, and the transmitted halo particles distribution just before the last BPM is then described, the results from which will benefit the Compton recoil electrons measurement.


Alterations in liver microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes and phospholipids following oral administration of chloroquine to rats for 14 days were investigated. An increase in cytochrome P450 and cytochrome b5 contents and an increase in the activities of NADPH cytochrome c reductase and NADH microsomal cytochrome reductase were observed. A decrease in cholesterol and an increase in phospholipids were noted in the microsomal membranes, which altered the membrane fluidity, which may be of importance in controlling different membrane functions. The increase in different fractions of microsomal phospholipid is probably due to an increased incorporation of acetate into phospholipids.


UCRL-20466 The 9°zr(a,t)9~ and 92Mo(a,t)93Tc reactions have been investigated using a 50 MeV a-particle beam from the Berkeley 88-inch cyclotron. Comparisons are made with the results of (3He,d) experiments on the same targets in order to locate high ... spin ( t > 2) levels in 9~ arid 93Tc. The 9~ ( 4.18 MeV) and . 93Tc (3.91 MeV) levels are probable ! "" 4 levels, in contrast to the (3He,d) results. A difference in Q-values for the 90zr(a,t)91Nb and 91zr(a,t)92Nb reactions of 680±25 keV yields a Q-value for the 9°zr(a,t) 91Nb reaction of -14.643±.027 MeV, which is not consistent with the presently aGcepted mass 91 excess of -86.750±.06 MeV for Nb.


Objective: To determine whether sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is associated with improved disease-specific survival among elderly patients with intermediate-thickness melanoma Design: Retrospective cohort study of prospectively-maintained tumor registry Outcome


Results of infrared inspection on 1100kV pipe gallery gas-insulated transmission line (GIL) project are seriously interfered by background noise such as the LED lights and induced heating on steel structures. In this paper, an image background noise removal method based on generative adversarial network (GAN) is proposed. Firstly, convolution neural network (CNN) is used to classify the different parts of GIL. Secondly, the method of threshold and graying are used to mark the classified parts. Finally, the general adverse network is used to repair marked interference parts of noise. In which the generator of GAN is used to repair the marked region to generate new infrared images without noise, and the discriminator is used to discriminate whether the new image output by the generator is successfully repaired. The results show that the proposed method can achieve better background removal effect on infrared images, and the texture feature of the image can preserve well when using GAN to remove the image noise compared with the image de-noising method of VAE. The application results on site show that it takes 0.26 seconds to classify each infrared image using CNN and 4 seconds to remove noise using GAN.


Brittle fracture occurred to the ring chains made of 20Mn2 structure steel during tensile tests.The fracture cause was analyzed by macro and micro inspection and metallographic analysis.The results show that the fracture mode is intercrystalline brittle fracture.Because of high temper temperature and slow cooling rate,the elements such as Si,Mn and P gathered and were enriched along austenite grain boundaries,which resulted in high temperature temper brittleness.As a result,abnormal brittle fracture occurred to the ring chains.According to the reversibility of the high-temperature temper brittleness of structural alloy steels,these ring chains were tempered at 670℃for 1 h and then rapidly cooled down in oil,and thus the high-temperature temper brittleness was eliminated.


In this work, the problem for the quality of empirically determined harmonic force constants in ground electronic state benzene has been carefully reexamined, for the case when strongly anharmonic vibrations are involved and in particular for the A1g (ν1 and ν2) vibrational system. A numerical procedure, based on a local bond Hamiltonian representation for the C−H stretch system and a symmetrized coordinate treatment for the ν1(C−C) mode, has been described and applied to the determination of the harmonic F1,1, F2,2, and F1,2, and some important (diagonal) anharmonic force constants, instead of the traditional FG analysis. As a reference data for the determination of the required force constants, the set of experimentally observed ν1 and ν2 fundamentals for four D6h benzene species C6H6, C6D6, 13C6H6, and 13C6D6 have been employed. The harmonic force constants as well as harmonic frequencies obtained in this work have substantial deviations from previous determinations. Using the presently determined forc...


Mass transfer analysis in any experimental system is fundamental before studying its kinetics or optimizing a catalyst. The effect of several variables, such as stirring rate, catalyst concentration and particle size, hydrogen pressure, reaction temperature, polystyrene concentration and average molecular weight, both from the experimental and the theoretical point of view, have been studied in the catalytic hydrocracking of polystyrene dissolved in decahydronaphthalene carried out in a stirred tank with hydrogen and catalyst (0.58 wt % Pt/H-β) in a slurry. The results show that the variables could be adequately selected to prevent both gas–liquid and liquid–solid mass transfer control. However, severe internal diffusion control occurred as a consequence of polymer molecular dimensions that, in practice, limits the reaction to the outer surface area of the catalyst. Thus, catalyst optimization for this application, and catalytic processes with polymer reactants in general, should be focused on maximizing ...


The centrally-planned Soviet command economy was one of the twentieth century's most radical and complex economic, political and social experiments. Its establishment did not coincide with the onset of Soviet power across the former Russian Empire in 1917-1918, but instead resulted from fifteen years of shifts, readjustments and breaks, and through experiments with both quasi-socialist market economics and centralised administrative command practices. The present article surveys the conflictual relationship between Soviet planning and Marxism in this period. It demonstrates how the Stalinist command economy contradicted much of the theory and practice that the Bolsheviks themselves had thought ought to characterise the new economic system.


Computing least common subsumers (lcs) and most speciic concepts (msc) are inference tasks that can be used to support the \bottom up" construction of knowledge bases for KR systems based on description logic. For the description logic ALN, the msc need not always exist if one restricts the attention to acyclic concept descriptions. In this paper, we extend the notions lcs and msc to cyclic descriptions, and show how they can be computed. Our approach is based on the automata-theoretic characterizations of xed-point semantics for cyclic terminologies developed in previous papers.


Replica-mean-field models have been proposed to decipher the activity of neural networks via a multiply-and-conquer approach. In this approach, one considers limit networks made of infinitely many replicas with the same basic neural structure as that of the network of interest, but exchanging spikes in a randomized manner. The key point is that these replica-mean-field networks are tractable versions that retain important features of the finite structure of interest. To date, the replica framework has been discussed for first-order models, whereby elementary replica constituents are single neurons with independent Poisson inputs. Here, we extend this replica framework to allow elementary replica constituents to be composite objects, namely, pairs of neurons. As they include pairwise interactions, these pair-replica models exhibit non-trivial dependencies in their stationary dynamics, which cannot be captured by first-order replica models. Our contributions are two-fold: $(i)$ We analytically characterize the stationary dynamics of a pair of intensity-based neurons with independent Poisson input. This analysis involves the reduction of a boundary-value problem related to a two-dimensional transport equation to a system of Fredholm integral equations---a result of independent interest. $(ii)$ We analyze the set of consistency equations determining the full network dynamics of certain replica limits. These limits are those for which replica constituents, be they single neurons or pairs of neurons, form a partition of the network of interest. Both analyses are numerically validated by computing input/output transfer functions for neuronal pairs and by computing the correlation structure of certain pair-dominated network dynamics.


A dual-wavelength co-voltage alternating Q-switched infrared laser is demonstrated by combining the voltage-increased and voltage-decreased electro-optic (EO) Q-switched technologies. We experimentally studied the output characteristics of the laser under different common Q-switching voltages. The selection law of the common Q-switching voltage for 1064 nm and 1319 nm dual-wavelength laser is obtained. The results show that the selection of the common Q-switching voltage should be slightly greater than the quarter-wave voltage of 1319 nm laser(1500 V). Otherwise, the threshold of 1319 nm laser will become higher or the difference of maximum single pulse energy between two wavelengths will be greater.


The present paper describes the seizure phenomena at welded interface during steel pipe friction welding. The relationship between friction speed and initial torque was clarified, and the relationship between relative speed and seizure temperature at the welded interface was estimated from the experimental results. The seizure phenomenon of the base metal was clarified by a constant temperature friction test in which the friction surfaces were rubbed together at various temperatures and loaded pressures in an electric furnace. Then, the seizure temperature at the friction surface was obtained by constant temperature friction tests.The experiments produced the following summarized results.(1) The friction torque curve had wear and seizure stages until the initial torque when pipes were welded at low friction speed. The wear stage time decreased with increasing friction speed. The initial torque decreased with increasing friction speed when pipes were welded at the same friction pressure, and increased with increasing friction pressure.(2) The seizure temperature at the welded interface was calculated by using the relationship between the torsional shear strength of the base metal at its seizure temperature and the measured initial torque. The seizure temperature for a low relative speed at the welded interface was lower than that for a high relative speed.(3) The maximum friction torque increased with increasing friction temperature at the same loaded pressure, and they increased with increasing loaded pressure at the same friction surface temperature by constant temperature friction tests.(4) The friction surface of the base metal began to seize when loaded pressure and friction surface temperature reached or exceeded 30MPa at 423K, and 90MPa at 323K, respectively.


When the straddle-type monorail vehicles are traveling in a straight track section,lateral wind will seriously deteriorate the riding stability and safety of the vehicles.In this article,the lateral wind load for the traveling vehicle was analyzed.The"car body-tire-track beam"coupled system model for straddle-type monorail vehicles was established by means of the multi-body dynamics analysis software ADAMS.Then,the riding stability of the vehicle was simulated under the condition of different wind speeds and different vehicle speeds.The results show that variations of wind speed and vehicle speed have large influence on the lateral acceleration of the vehicle,so they also have large influence on the riding stability of the vehicle.When the wind speed or vehicle speed exceed their critical values,the vehicle will lose its riding stability.This conclusion has provided a warning for the design of straddle type monorail vehicles.


Following up on the work of C. R. Sun1 , we are investigating the performance of homogeneous, high-resistivity, silicon crystals as detectors for minimum-ionizing particles. In particular we are considering such a detector for use in conjunction with the operation of a hydrogen bubble chamber. Such devices would have the advantages of good spatial resolution, compactness, and stable performance in high magnetic fields. Operation would be at liquid nitrogen temperature. The detectors are cut as 2.5 mm thick wafers from an n-type ingot ~1.8 cm in diameter and with a typical resistivity of 1000 to 3000 ohm-cm. Nickel ohmic contacts are applied to each side of the wafer by a chemical plating process. In order to keep the dark current to a minimum, we try to raise the resistivity of the prospective detector close to the intrinsic level. This is accomplished by exposing the silicon, at 25°C, to a high flux of ? radiation from a Co60 source. Typically, after an exposure of 1.5 × 107 roentgens the silicon will have a resistivity of 4.0 × 106 ohm-cm at liquid nitrogen temperature (78°K). Using a charge sensitive amplifier, we observe pulse rise times of the order of 150 nanoseconds and signal to noise ratios greater than 10. There exists a "critical exposure level," C.E.L., for the ? irradiation. For radiation dosages greater than the C.E.L., the detector performance deteriorates. It seems possible to determine the C.E.L. conveniently by checking the detector resistivity at 25°C; for when the C.E.L.


The dynamics of networked systems with delayed coupling are analyzed in this paper. Two theorems are stated which give conditions for decomposability of the dynamics in the vicinity of cluster states based on the intracluster and intercluster connectivity. Moreover, a decomposition method is presented that allows the derivation of delayed modal equations about cluster states even when heterogeneity is introduced into the linearized system due the nonlinearities in the coupling. Analytical tools are applied to these modal equations to derive exact stability conditions: the D-subdivision method is used to study the stability of equilibria, while the stability of periodic orbits is investigated using Floquet theory. The coexistence of multiple stable and unstable steady and oscillatory cluster states is investigated in a system of type II neurons where weakly and strongly asymmetric cluster oscillations are discovered.


Submitted for the MAR09 Meeting of The American Physical Society AC Electrokinetic Cell Separation on a Microfluidic Device ZACHARY GAGNON, University of Notre Dame, Dept. Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, HSUEH-CHIA CHANG, University of Notre Dame, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering — Rapid cell separation and collection is demonstrated through the integration of electrokinetic pumps, dielectrophoretic (DEP) traps and field driven valves into a well designed microfluidic channel loop. We present the ground-up design and analysis of this fully functional microfluidic device for the rapid separation and collection of live and dead yeast cells and malaria red blood cells (RBCs) at low concentrations. DEP cell sorting and concentration schemes are based on the exploitation of cell specific DEP crossover frequencies (cof's). A rigorous DEP study of yeast and RBCs is presented and used to determine optimal conditions for cell separation. By utilizing a glutaraldehyde crosslinking cell fixation reaction that is sensitive to cell membrane protein concentration, we demonstrate the ability to further amplify these differences between healthy and unhealthy cells as well as stabilize their DEP cof's. Pumping is achieved with a new type of electrokinetic flow, AC electrothermal electro-osmosis (ETEO) and is shown to scale inversely with the field induced debye length and drive fluid velocities in excess of 6 mm/sec. The well characterized electrokinetic phenomena are integrated into a microchannel loop with a specifically designed electrode field penetration length for low concentration cell separation and concentration. Zachary Gagnon University of Notre Dame, Dept. Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Date submitted: 21 Nov 2008 Electronic form version 1.4


In OAEI 2016, we submitted the system FCA-Map for taking advantage of the Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) formalism in aligning large and complex biomedical ontologies. This year, we present a variant called FCAMap-KG, following the rationale of FCA-Map and designed formatching knowledge graphs. Among the 12 matchers participating in the OAEI 2019 Knowledge Graph track, our system ranks the first for instance and property mappings and ranks second for class mappings. As a result, FCAMap-KG has achieved the best overall Fmeasure for the track. This demonstrates the power of our FCA-based approach in identifying correspondences across different kinds of data and knowledge representation systems. 1 Presentation of the system In OAEI 2016, we proposed the system FCA-Map [8,9,10] for taking advantage of the Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) formalism in aligning large and complex biomedical ontologies. Further in OAEI 2018, its variant FCAMapX [3] was submitted to largely improve the efficiency of the system. This year, we present a new variant called FCAMap-KG, for exploiting the potential of our FCA-based approach inmatching knowledge graphs (KGs). 1.1 State, purpose, general statement Formal Concept Analysis is a mathematical model for structuring concept hierarchies from clustering individuals [4,7]. In FCA, the domain or problem is described first by a formal context consisting of a set of objects, a set of attributes and their relations. Based on this, a lattice structure can be computed with each node representing a formal concept and edge a subconcept-superconcept relationship. Being a knowledge graph matching system based on FCA, FCAMap-KG follows the rationale of our previous systems FCA-Map and FCAMapX by consecutively constructing lexical and structural formal contexts and extracting mappings across KGs. Copyright © 2019 for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).


This paper presents a radiation hard PLL using 0.25 µm SOS-CMOS technology for space applications. This PLL is fully self-biased and gives output frequency of 2.5GHz. This robust PLL successfully performs for all the process corners from −40°C to 80°C under Cadence-SpectreRF schematic and layout simulations. A new modification has been done on the differential buffers of the VCO used in the PLL to reduce phase noise. Simulation results from extracted layout including buffers and pads are enlisted for pre and post radiation environments.


Theoretical frameworks which undergird engineering education research projects greatly influence what questions are investigated, what data is collected from whom, and how that data is analyzed, interpreted, and reported. Traditional methodologies used in engineering education research are based on implicit norms and values which have influenced our understanding of the engineering education system. This paper presents a discussion of feminist research methodologies and how they can be applied in engineering education research. This paper explores the values and beliefs incorporated into feminist research methodologies which distinguish them from more traditional research methodologies. Feminist research opens up the field of questions which are deemed significant, changes the choice of and interaction with participants, and alters the implementation of data collection and analysis. This discussion of feminist research methodologies is not prescriptive, but illustrative. Methods discussed include survey research, interview research, and ethnography


The present invention relates to a driving apparatus and method of the capacity variable type refrigerator for a reciprocating compressor, without the costly operation control unit, by controlling the amount of current flowing through the motor windings in accordance with the load state of the refrigerator so as to drive the compressor. To this end, the present invention is from the microcomputer for a refrigerator, the communication unit receiving the information signal with respect to the temperature in the refrigerator through the communication line and; When the power is turned on is detected, the controller outputting a control signal for starting the motor at high-capacity mode, and with the temperature within the refrigerator is input through the communication unit, to determine the load status of the current refrigerator outputs a control signal according to the; In response to a control signal of the controller, and a relay driving unit that outputs a relay driving signal for varying the capacity of the compressor motor; By the relay driving signal from the relay drive unit, and comprises a relay switch is switched to select the windings or secondary windings of the motor.


This article provides information on research conducted by foreign experts on the love of books in primary school students, the role of parents in reading, interest in reading, reading rules, increasing interest in fiction.


The purpose of the present study was to investigate developmental changes in strategies used in reading. Pseudo words or non-words are often used in order to determine a subject's knowledge of an underlying rule structure when it is abstracted from its familiar semantic context. The Berko (1958) study on the child's implicit knowledge of morphophonemic rules is a classic example of this approach. Baron [in press) has pointed out that subjects may use a number of different strategies in reading unfamiliar words. One strategy is use of implicit rules at the grapheme-phoneme correspondence level (Venezky, 1974). A second possible strategy is to search for a familiar word by analogy to the known word(s). The analogies could be either in spelling or in pronunciation at either the syllable level as suggested by Smith (1973) or the lexical level as suggested by Carol Chomsky (1970). In post hoc interview studies both children (Glass and Burton, 1973) and adults (Baron, in press) report using analogy strategies in reading new words. According to stage theories of reading [cf Marsh and Desberg, 1973) the strategies should change as a function of developmental level, the young child beginning with a grapheme-phoneme decoding strategy and at some point, switching to direct lexical access perhaps based on the visual spelling pattern. The purpose of present study was to investigate whether or not the strategies used in pronouncing unfamiliar (pseudo) words changed as a function of developmental level.


BLURB FOR ETOC: Editorial to Leung et al. "Ombitasvir/Paritaprevir/Ritonavir With or Without Dasabuvir and With or Without Ribavirin for Adolescents With HCV Genotype 1 or 4"


Flash memory won its edge than other storage media for its advantages, such as shock resistance, low power consumption and high data transmission speed. However, new data is written out-of-place due to the characteristics of flash memory, which is diverse from traditional magnetic media. Out-of-place update results in the wear-leveling issue over flash memory for erasing blocks to reclaim invalid pages. This paper proposed a dynamic wear (DW)-leveling design without substantially increasing overhead and without modifying Flash Translation Layer (FTL) for huge-capacity flash storage systems with cache, which is based on segmentation threshold and Least Recently Used (LRU). Experimental results show that our design levels the wear of different physical blocks, reduces extra page coping and block erasing, and improves the read/write performance. Additionally, different thresholds impacting wear leveling are also discussed.


This study evaluates the pore structure of asphalt concrete (AC) samples by quantifying the different components of pore space and their contribution to permeability and moisture damage. Three components of the total pore space (i.e., air voids) namely permeable, dead-end and isolated pores are quantified using tracer and other methods. It is shown that AC has more permeable pores than impermeable pores (sum of isolated and dead-end pores). AC samples become impermeable if they are compacted below 5% air voids as opposed to 6-7% air voids. For given air void, permeable pore increases with an increase in sample radius. In other words, a 6 in. diameter sample exhibits more permeable pores than a 4 in. diameter sample, which is middle cored from the same 6 in. diameter sample. The ratio of permeable pore to impermeable pore increases exponentially with an increase in total pore. This indicates that the affinity of impermeable pores to be connected increases with an increase in total pore. It is observed from this study that the permeable pore has a good correlation with permeability whereas total pore shows a poor correlation with permeability. The effects of permeable and dead-end pores on moisture damage of AC are evaluated using a Moisture Induced Sensitivity Testing (MIST) device and the AASHTO T 283 method. It is observed that permeable and dead-end pores do not contribute to moisture damage of AC samples.


Humayun1,2, Alan D. Brandon1,3, Henry J. B. Dick4 and Steven B. Shirey1. 1Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA; 2presently: Dept. of Geophysical Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637; 3presently: Dept. of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD20742, USA; 4Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.


In this paper, we introduce a new dynamic model of simulation of electrocardiograms (ECGs) affected by pathologies starting from the well-known McSharry dynamic model for the ECGs without cardiac disorders. In particular, the McSharry model has been generalized (by a linear transformation and a rotation) for simulating ECGs affected by heart diseases verifying, from one hand, the existence and uniqueness of the solution and, on the other hand, if it admits instabilities. The results, obtained numerically by a procedure based on a Four Stage Lobatto IIIa formula, show the good performances of the proposed model in producing ECGs with or without heart diseases very similar to those achieved directly on the patients. Moreover, verified that the ECGs signals are affected by uncertainty and/or imprecision through the computation of the linear index and the fuzzy entropy index (whose values obtained are close to unity), these similarities among ECGs signals (with or without heart diseases) have been quantified by a well-established fuzzy approach based on fuzzy similarity computations highlighting that the proposed model to simulate ECGs affected by pathologies can be considered as a solid starting point for the development of synthetic pathological ECGs signals.


This paper reports on a study deposited on the ocean floor during the past seventy million years to see how well sediment patterns correlate with the climate. These studies have shown that by measuring the quantity and size of dust grains, one could establish the past strength of winds and the dryness of land surfaces. Analyses were based on collections of drill cores from the Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory and the Deep Sea Drilling Project and its successor, the Ocean Drilling Program. Older grains in the lower portions of cores from the Pacific Ocean are relatively coarse, suggesting strong winds. Fifty-five to fifty million years ago, grains become increasingly fine, indicating that atmospheric circulation had slowed considerably. It remained sluggish for about fifteen million years and then began a slow increase toward present conditions. This information provides clues about global temperatures. The data are consistent with the expectation of Milankovitch cycles. Ocean-floor dust provides a clear window on climate shifts both tens of million years ago and during more recent glacial cycles. The challenge ahead is to apply this understanding to predictions of future climatic change.


Cystathionine β‐synthase (CBS) deficiency is a recessive inborn error of sulfur metabolism characterized by elevated blood levels of total homocysteine (tHcy). Patients diagnosed with CBS deficiency are currently treated by a combination of vitamin supplementation and restriction of foods containing the homocysteine precursor methionine, but the effectiveness of this therapy is limited due to poor compliance. A mouse model for CBS deficiency (Tg‐I278T Cbs−/−) was used to evaluate a potential gene therapy approach to treat CBS deficiency utilizing an AAVrh.10‐based vector containing the human CBS cDNA downstream of the constitutive, strong CAG promoter (AAVrh.10hCBS). Mice were administered a single dose of virus and followed for up to 1 year. The data demonstrated a dose‐dependent increase in liver CBS activity and a dose‐dependent decrease in serum tHcy. Liver CBS enzyme activity at 1 year was similar to Cbs+/− control mice. Mice given the highest dose (5.6 × 1011 genomes/mouse) had mean serum tHcy decrease of 97% 1 week after injection and an 81% reduction 1 year after injection. Treated mice had either full‐ or substantial correction of alopecia, bone loss, and fat mass phenotypes associated with Cbs deficiency in mice. Our findings show that AAVrh.10‐based gene therapy is highly effective in treating CBS deficiency in mice and supports additional pre‐clinical testing for eventual use human trials.


In strengthening the lawful system,the construction of procurator system is significant.The procuratorial power of China,independent of the legislative power,executive power and jurisdiction of the state-power administration,belong to a special superintendence.And its quality decides the procurators' quality,professional feature and functional allocation.In Chinese academia,there is a saying that procurators are simply administrators or law-officers,which,without analysis of peculiar attributes contained in China's procuratorial power,does not accord with our polity and current legal system.


The magnetotransport properties of LaMnO 3 have been studied using the crystal-field theory and the correlated effective-field theory. The crystal-field theory is used to treat the many-body problem of an atom or ion in the crystal and the correlated effective-field theory is used to treat the many-body effect of the magnetic part of the Hamiltonian. The crystal-field theory exploits the symmetry of the electrostatic field generated by the ligands around the magnetic ion in the transition-metal compounds. The parent compound of colossal magnets, e.g., LaMnO 3 is a Mott-Hubbard and charge-transfer antiferromagnetic insulator. The magnetotransport properties of this compound have been studied using a theory which goes beyond the mean-field theory. This theory includes fluctuations and explains the experimental results better than the mean-field theory.


A novel PKC phosphorylation site in lamin B3 influences both nuclear lamina dynamics and nuclear size in Xenopus laevis embryos and extracts. PKC activity also modulates nuclear size in mammalian cell culture, and a conserved phosphorylation site in human lamin A affects the association of lamin A with the nuclear envelope and nuclear size.


In the last two decades, the evaluation literature reflects increasing attention to culture and cultural contexts in the field. A lion's share of this literature has focused on culturally responsive evaluation (CRE) concepts and frameworks.1 Much less literature considers the practice, practical application, or ways in which those in the fieldmaximize the use of such frameworks. As this chapter will reveal, most of the current CRE literature discusses either theory or practice; very few, if any, provide discussions of both theoretical and practical applications of CRE. As the practice of evaluation by non-profits, consultants, academics, and the general public grows, the need to use CRE in evaluation practice has increased because evaluators work in diverse cultural, contextual, and complex communities in the United States and in many other parts of the world. In this fourth edition of the Handbook, this chapter provides a core resource on the history, theory, and application of CRE. This opportunity to bring CRE theory and practice to a wider audience is set within an increasing global demand for monitoring and evaluation of public programs and the requirements by


The discussion presented herein addresses the bifurcations and structure of the attractor in the Van der Pol-Duffing three-dimensional model of an electronic circuit containing a cubic nonlinearity. Computer experiments and theoretical calculations are drawn upon to build a mapping model, giving insight into the evolution of the phase space from a simple structure (a Morse-Smeil system) to chaos. It is established that a complex, multistructural attractor of the double- scroll type comes about due to the emergence of the heteroclinic trajectory, which belongs to the intersection of a stable equilibrium-state saddle-focus manifold with an unstable saddle periodic motion manifold.


Soluble αβ-tubulin heterodimers are maintained at high concentration inside eukaryotic cells, forming pools that fundamentally drive microtubule dynamics. Five conserved tubulin cofactors and ADP ribosylation factor–like 2 regulate the biogenesis and degradation of αβ-tubulins to maintain concentrated soluble pools. Here I describe a revised model for the function of three tubulin cofactors and Arl2 as a multisubunit GTP-hydrolyzing catalytic chaperone that cycles to promote αβ-tubulin biogenesis and degradation. This model helps explain old and new data indicating these activities enhance microtubule dynamics in vivo via repair or removal of αβ-tubulins from the soluble pools


To investigate clear the processes of the formation of cold air lake and sudden warming of air temperature at midnight, our observations were carried out in the Furumi Basin in Nagano Prefecture, Japan, from Oct.27 to 29,2005. The results of our research are summarized as follows: 1. It was recognized clearly that at midnight the sudden warming of air temperature called "break" occured through our obsevations, too. 2. During the break in this basin, southerly or southeastly wind above 2 m/s continued to blow. 3. The maximum value of air temperature during break was just coincident with that of No.7 point where was settled at higher altitude among obsevation points of this time. 4. When the air temperature changed rapidly, there were some points where the wind speed was also variable remarkably in this basin. 5. From these facts, there was a possibility that the cold air drainage flowed down on the east side slope of Mt-Madarao and disturbed the top of air layer of surface inversion layer formed in this basin.


SUBTITLE: TO MEET THE DEMANDS OF STATESIDE CONSIGNEES, U.S. PORTS ARE INVESTING IN INFRASTRUCTURE AND IT, IMPROVING EXISTING SERVICES, AND CREATING VALUE ADDED PROGRAMS TO SPEED CUSTOMS CLEARANCE AND DELIVERY TIMES, CUT COSTS, AND SIMPLIFY THE IMPORT PROCESS.


Abstract The thecate heterotrophic dinoflagellate Diplopsalis lenticula Bergh was shown to feed on a wide range of phytoplankton of different size and taxonomic groups. Growth and ingestion rates of D. lenricula feeding on the diatom Ditylum brightwellii (West) Grunow were measured as a function of food concentration. Growth rate increased with food concentration until it reached saturation at c. 300 D. brightwellii cells ml−1. Maximum specific growth rate was 0.25 d−1 at a food concentration of 500 cells ml−1. A prey concentration as low as 30 cells ml−1 supported growth. Ingestion and clearance rates were estimated by two different methods based on estimates of prey loss rate and on counts of digested food particles. Ingestion rate increased with increasing food concentration up to a maximum rate of 1 or 0.2 prey dinoflagellate−1 h−1, depending on which of the two methods of estimation was used. Clearance rate decreased with increasing prey concentration. Maximum clearance rates at low food concentratio...


CLEF 2016: Working Notes of CLEF 2016 - Conference and Labs of the Evaluation forum Evora, Portugal, 5-8 September, 2016


The initial flow test of the Hulin well was done to obtain brine and gas samples and to get a first measure of the reservoir properties. The 20,602 to 20,690-foot interval was perforated and tested in two short-term draw-down and buildup tests. This zone had an initial pressure of 17,308 psia and temperature of 339 F. The total dissolved solids of 207,000 mg/L (mostly sodium chloride) is higher than for previously tested Gulf Coast geopressured-geothermal wells. The gas content in the brine of 31 to 32 SCF/STB indicates that the brine is at or near saturation with natural gas. The permeability, as deduced from the draw-down and buildup tests, is 13 md for the lower 80-foot-thick sand member. The duration of the tests was too short to determine the lateral extent of the reservoir; but declining measured values for static bottomhole pressure prior to each flow test suggests a relatively small reservoir. When the uppermost interval in the zone of interest (20,220 to 20,260 feet) was perforated such that flow from this zone would commingle with flow from the lower zone, little to no free gas was observed. It had been speculated before the test that there might be freemore » gas in this upper zone. These speculations were generally deduced from logs after assuming the formation contained brine that had a salinity between 70,000 and 100,000 mg/L. The actual salinity was more than twice that number. it is now apparent that the amount of free gas, if any, is too small to make a significant contribution to production in a short-term test. This does not preclude the possibility of mobilization of gas by higher drawdown or coning down from an offsetting gas cap in one or more of the sand members. However, there was no evidence that this was occurring in this test. No measurements of the reservoir parameters, such as permeability, were made for the shallowest interval tested. But substantially lower drawdown for the commingled zones suggests either higher permeability or lower skin for the shallower perforated interval. Hydrate formation in the upper part of the wellbore was a problem. To circumvent this problem, about 10 barrels of diesel were pumped into the top of the well after each flow to displace the brine down to a level in the well where the temperature was too high for hydrates to form. Calculations of saturation index indicated that calcium carbonate scale would also form in the well if the pressure was drawn down too far. Thus all the flow tests were performed at low flow rates to preclude formation of scale in the wellbore. Scale inhibitor was injected into the surface flow lines to control possible scale formation in the surface equipment. Corrosion inhibitor was also injected, and coupon monitoring indicated a corrosion rate of less than 5 mils per year.« less