To the Editor, Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFRi) are targeted therapy used to treat malignant tumors and commonly induce cutaneous adverse events. EGFRi papulopustular eruption (EPPE), also referred to as acneiform eruption, is the most common toxicity, affecting 50 to 100% of patients.1 EPPE incidence and severity correlate with tumor response and survival. Other targeted cancer therapies such as MEK inhibitors and mTOR inhibitors can also induce a similar papulopustular eruption. We read with interest "Survey of Oncologists and Dermatologists in Canada on the Management of Acneiform Eruptions Induced by Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors" by Bierbrier et al. It was reported that Canadian dermatologists were more likely to manage mildtomoderate EPPE with topical retinoids or benzoyl peroxide compared to oncologists. There is no evidencebased treatment guidelines for EPPE but there are published controlled trials with regards to prophylactic treatment using topical steroids with oral tetracycline class antibiotics.2 EPPE is thought to be a result of or exacerbated by 4 mechanisms: xerosis, follicular inflammation, bacterial superinfection, and photosensitivity. While some Canadian dermatologists manage EPPE the same way as acne vulgaris, it should be treated differently. This eruption is an inflammatory process distinct from acne with different pathogenesis and presentation. It is characterized by monomorphous inflammatory papules and pustules often with associated pruritus. EPPE lacks typical comedones and cysts of acne vulgaris. Topical retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, azelaic acid, and alphahydroxy acid should be avoided as they can worsen xerosis and induce irritant contact dermatitis.3 Further, topical tazarotene was studied in a split face small cohort of patients on cetuximab.4 The tazarotene side did not improve and in some subjects, EPPE was more severe than the control side. Treatment options for EPPE include moisturizer, topical steroids, topical antibiotics, tetracycline class oral antibiotics, and oral isotretinoin.3 The survey by Bierbrier highlights a gap in knowledge of Canadian dermatologists for management of EPPE. Cancer treatments are evolving fast, and we will likely see more patients on targeted therapies including EGFRi. As dermatologists, we can assist in management of cutaneous adverse events to ideally prevent targeted therapy dose reduction or discontinuation, and ultimately improve cancer outcomes.


An enzymatic microassay method was developed to determine 2-deoxyglucose (DG) and 2-deoxyglucose 6-phosphate (DG6P) in the nanogram to microgram amount of tissue samples. Glucose and glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in the sample were first removed because these substrates caused a high blank in the present assay system. In the assay for DG plus DG6P, elimination ofglucose and G6P was accom-plished by converting them to fructose 1,6-diphosphate (FDP) in the reaction mixture containing hexokinase, glucose phosphate isomerase and phosphofructokin-ase; DG in the sample was simultaneously phosphorylated to form DG6P during this incubation. DG6P, originally present in the sample and newly formed in the above reaction, was then oxidized by adding excess NADP+, and glucose 6-phos-phate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) at a high concentration. The resultant NADPH was amplified 3,000-60,000-fold by using NADP cycling, and fluorometrically determined. In the assay for DG6P alone, glucose in the sample was first converted to D-glucono-6-lactone, and G6P to FDP. NADP+ and G6PDH were then added, and NADPH was determined as above. The amount of DG was obtained as the differ-ence between DG plus DG6P and DG6P alone. With this method, DG and DG6P were measured in single mouse morulae and in microgram tissue samples from various parts of the rat central nervous system. y


Hans-Georg Gadamer has consistently advocated the idea of understanding as a form of "fusion of horizons" that implies the important and active role of each part of a cross-cultural encounter. This paper proposes philosophical hermeneutics as an alternative way of reading of postcolonial literature. E.M. Foster's A Passage to India and Tayeb Salih's Season of Migration to the North, are postcolonial literary examples of diversity and otherness which are analyzed in the light of the hermeneutical concept of "fusion of horizons". These texts include a range of contexts and circumstances in which communication is challenged by the characters' different cultural backgrounds, and understanding is only to be achieved through the process of "fusion" of horizons which helps rework prejudices in order to reach a clearer vision. In this context, the hermeneutical "fusion of horizons" represents an alternative to traditional ways of "knowing" and understanding.


Singlet molecular oxygen ({sup 1}{Delta}{sub g}O{sub 2}) can be produced in solid organic polymers by a variety of different methods. The phosphorescence of singlet oxygen can be monitored in both steady-state and time-resolved experiments, yielding valuable information on the structure and properties of (1) the polymer and (2) solutes dissolved in the polymer. With this spectroscopic probe, we are also able to comment on specific processes that can have important practical ramifications including, for example, the degradation of polymers. In addition, this probe provides a method by which oxygen diffusion/permeation coefficients can rapidly and accurately be determined in polymer films over a wide temperature range. 22 refs., 15 figs., 3 tabs.


Promising high strangeness dibaryons are studied by the extended quark delocalization and color screening model. It is shown that besides H particle and di-Ω, there might be other dibaryon candidates worth to be searched experimentally such as NΩ.


Significance Jasmonates are indispensable for plant growth, as well as for adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses. The synthesis of jasmonates is initiated in the chloroplast, where the precursor, 12-oxophytodienoic acid (OPDA) is derived from plastid lipids. Despite the fact that much information has been gained on the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis and signaling pathways of jasmonates, the export of OPDA from plastids remains enigmatic. In the present study, we showed that JASSY, a protein localized to the outer chloroplast envelope, facilitates export of OPDA from the chloroplast. Loss-of-function mutants lead to abolished jasmonate accumulation, which in turn results in increased susceptibility to cold treatment, as well as pathogen attack. Jasmonates are vital plant hormones that not only act in the stress response to biotic and abiotic influences, such as wounding, pathogen attack, and cold acclimation, but also drive developmental processes in cooperation with other plant hormones. The biogenesis of jasmonates starts in the chloroplast, where several enzymatic steps produce the jasmonate precursor 12-oxophytodienoic acid (OPDA) from α-linolenic acid. OPDA in turn is exported into the cytosol for further conversion into active jasmonates, which subsequently induces the expression of multiple genes in the nucleus. Despite its obvious importance, the export of OPDA across the chloroplast membranes has remained elusive. In this study, we characterized a protein residing in the chloroplast outer membrane, JASSY, which has proven indispensable for the export of OPDA from the chloroplast. We provide evidence that JASSY has channel-like properties and propose that it thereby facilitates OPDA transport. Consequently, a lack of JASSY in Arabidopsis leads to a deficiency in accumulation of jasmonic acids, which results in impaired expression of jasmonate target genes on exposure to various stresses. This results in plants that are more susceptible to pathogen attack and also exhibit defects in cold acclimation.


Under the general assumptions of democratic theory, legislatures have positive legitimacy to make law because of the power of the people who elected them. Throughout the world, however, unelected judges also make law. What, if anything, gives such judges positive legitimacy to make law? This paper demonstrates, through two superficially simple game-theoretic examples, that judges' positive legitimacy is based on the power of people. Courts' legitimacy has the same basis as legislatures'. Since the French revolution, the ultimate arbiter in the social fight is the strongest faction, the majority. A group of people communicates its type to society at the ballot box. Based on the ballot count, society makes concessions to the terms dictated by the majority. Under what circumstances would an individual ever be able to dictate terms to society? This paper demonstrates that the court system allows a single individual to act collectively with other similarly situated individuals spread out through time. This paper argues that this group can communicate its type to society through legal reasoning. Courts are insulated from the political process because unelected judges are supposed to be beholden to a temporally disconnected group, rather than to contemporaneous constituencies.


Objective To investigate the epidemic status of brucellosis in urban of Liaoning Province and to analyze the reason for its reoccurrence.Methods Diagnosed new cases that were directly reported via internet in 2010 and 2011 were re-checked [using brucellosis tube agglutination test (SAT) and pathogen separation test].The incidence of human brucellosis was analyzed and contact history of new cases was investigated in urban and rural areas of Liaoning Province.Results Fifty-seven new cases of brucellosis were reported in the cities and 24 of them were verified.All patients were positive in SAT test,and a type Ⅲ brucellosis bacillus was isolated from vein blood of two patients.The number of new cases in urban and rural areas in 2011 (36,817) was significantly higher than that in 2010(21,566).But the incidence ratio of rural areas showed a downward trend compared to that of urban areas(26 ∶ 1 and 22 ∶ 1 in 2010 and 2011,respectively).All the 24 new cases had a history of exposure to beef and mutton via skin,but no human-to-human infection occurred.Conclusions Brucellosis has reappeared in urban of Liaoning Province in a sporadic state.An important reason is that the infection is passed through skin.

Key words:
Brucellosis;  Epidemiology;  Factor analysis, statistical


The rationality of traffic morphology of urban road network is a fundamental factor for an efficient urban traffic system.This paper,with the theory and method of fractal,sets up respectively fractal models for the coverage and connectivity of urban road network.Then,it realizes the analysis of urban road network.In the end,it tests the feasibility of the analysis of the morphology of urban road network based on fractal method with the case study of certain part of an urban road network.


Chromatin modifications are key epigenetic regulatory features with roles in various cellular events, yet histone mark identification, gene wide distribution and relationship to gene expression remains understudied in green algae. Histone lysine methylation is regarded as an active chromatin mark in many organisms, and is implicated in mediating active euchromatin. We interrogated the genome wide distribution pattern of mono- and trimethylated H3K4 using Chromatin-Immunoprecipitation followed by deep-sequencing (ChIP-Seq) during key phases of the Chlamydomonas cell cycle: early G1 phase (ZT1) when cells initiate biomass accumulation, S/M phase (ZT13) when cells are undergoing DNA replication and mitosis, and late G0 phase (ZT23) when they are quiescent. Tri-methylated H3K4 was predominantly enriched at TSSs of the majority of protein coding genes (85%). The likelihood of a gene being marked by H3K4me3 correlated with it being transcribed at one or more time points during the cell cycle but not necessarily by continuous active transcription. This finding even applied to early zygotic genes whose expression may be dormant for hundreds or thousands of generations between sexual cycles; but core meiotic genes were completely missing H3K4me3 peaks at their TSS. In addition, bi-directional promoters regulating expression of replication dependent histone genes, had transient H3K4me3 peaks that were present only during S/M phase when their expression peaked. In agreement with biochemical studies, mono-methylated H3K4 was the default state for the vast majority of histones that were outside of TSS and terminator regions of genes. A small fraction of the genome which was depleted of any H3 lysine methylation was enriched for DNA cytosine methylation and the genes within these DNA methylation islands were poorly expressed. Genome wide H3K4me3 ChIP-Seq data will be a valuable resource, facilitating gene structural annotation, as exemplified by our validation of hundreds of long non-coding RNA genes.


Adjustable dc-link voltage operation is an attractive solution to improve the overall efficiency of electric vehicles (EVs). This article proposes a dual-port inverter (DPI) with an internal dc–dc conversion system for the adjustable dc-link operation of the EVs. Unlike the conventional two-stage structure, the DPI provides a power flow path from the battery to the inverter directly. Hence, the power processed by the dc–dc converter can be reduced, resulting in higher efficiency and reduced power rating of the dc–dc converter. To fully explore the potential of this inverter in both high-speed and low-speed range, two operation modes with corresponding modulation strategies are investigated. A two-stage modulation strategy is proposed to produce undistorted current even in the presence of unevenly distributed and dynamically changing space vectors in the high-speed mode. Furthermore, the power processed by the dc–dc converter is minimized with the proposed two-stage modulation strategy, and the overall efficiency of the system is further improved. Experimental results with a 1.1-kW permanent-magnet synchronous motor are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


Case report: Thyrotoxicosis After Severe Hypothyroidism in a Patient With a History of Hodgkin's Lymphoma And Neck Irradiation. 1 1 2 1 Lewandowski K , D1browska K , Makarewicz J , Lewiñski A 1 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, The Medical University of Lodz, & "Polish" Mother Memorial Research Institute, Lodz, Poland 2 Department of Nuclear Medicine & Oncological Endocrinology Zgierz District Hospital, Poland


Despite attempts to provide medical care with minimal pain, procedural pain remains an important issue in paediatric care. Children with chronic medical conditions such as cystic fibrosis (CF) requires repeated medical procedures, which may amplify distress and increase levels of both pain and anxiety when exposed to subsequent procedures This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


With production having come to an end at the Sellafield nuclear site in West Cumbria, focus is now turning to its decommissioning, and the safe clean-up of legacy nuclear waste. The decommissioning project is expect to take in excess of 100 years to complete and cost over $90 billion. Given the large scale and complexity of this project, it is crucial that each task is systematically choreographed according to a carefully designed master schedule, determining both the start time, and duration of each activity, in order to reduce the project completion time. We show how this scheduling problem can be formulated as a continuous time/resource trade-off problem with a single renewably constrained resource, and subsequently propose a heuristic approach to constructing such a master schedule.


We investigate aspects of axion as a coherently oscillating massive classical scalar field by analyzing third order perturbations in Einstein's gravity in the axion-comoving gauge. The axion fluid has its characteristic pressure term leading to an axion Jeans scale which is cosmologically negligible for a canonical axion mass. Our classically derived axion pressure term in Einstein's gravity is identical to the one derived in the non-relativistic quantum mechanical context in the literature. We present the general relativistic continuity and Euler equations for an axion fluid valid up to third order perturbation. Equations for axion are exactly the same as that of a zero-pressure fluid in Einstein's gravity except for an axion pressure term in the Euler equation. Our analysis includes the cosmological constant.


A novel in-fiber optical switch based on two-core optical fiber is demonstrated. A Mach-Zehnder intereferometer was integrated into a single optical fiber of 125 μm diameter using a novel coupling connection technology. Then embedding the single optical fiber into a universal optical fiber transmission line, the novel in-fiber optical switch is formed. It can make microscale and integrated optical fiber elements into a complex function system, which greatly improve the performance of in-fiber elements and can develop and manufacture fiber optical sensors acceptable for various special situation. The reference and sensing arms of the intereferometer of the perfect in-fiber optical switch based on two-core optical fiber is integrated into a single fiber, which makes the structure more simple and the optical paths relatively stable, so it can effectively avoid the influence of enviroment factors such as vibration, temperature and greatly improve the performance of in-fiber optical swiches.


In this work, light-induced conformational changes in two different proteins are investigated. Bacteriorhodopsin (bR), which is already light-sensitive in its native form and an ionotropic glutamate receptor (iGluR2), that can be light-activated by binding a photoswitchable ligand. Bacteriorhodopsin is very well studied by a plurality of experiments regarding structural, vibrational and optical data. Based on these data, the coarse motions of the protein are properly understood, while the diminutive structural changes are still under debate. In this well characterized case, computations can be used to evaluate structures based on spectroscopic data. On the other hand, only few experimental data are available for iGluR2, which depict very slow domainmotions within the ligand binding domain due to the binding of a ligand. Due to the varying phenomena, severalmethodswere used in this work, ranging from very accurate ab initiomethods to classical force ield calculations. With these tools, re ined structural models of the bR binding pocket of the early intermediates could be developed. Regarding the ligand binding domain of the glutamate receptor, the dynamics and energetics were investigated. Based on the resulting insights, a mechanismwas developed that explains the light-activation of the receptor caused by a photo-switchable ligand.


For oxidation of organic functionalities, one turns often to high-valent metal oxides or their mineral salts. 1 Classic reagents of this type are manganese dioxide (MnO 2), potassium permangenate (KMnO 4), chromium trioxide (CrO3), potassium chromate (K 2CrO4), and potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7). These are all frequently-used reagents, whether in the laboratory or in industry, and yet they are beset with multiple liability. For satisfactory and reproducible results, these oxidants demand vigorous control of the experimental conditions. The other drawbacks against such oxidants and their use in multistage organic synthesis, in spite of their power , are also their lack of selectivity, strong protic and aqueous conditions, low yields of the products, and tedious work-up. For instance, overoxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids is often unavoidable side reaction. Furthermore, the elevated reflux temperatures required by some oxidation procedures will favor inopportune secondary reactions. Likewise, the presence of strong acids or bases, which are required adjuncts as catalysts for some reactions, often leads to detrimental side reactions. As an example, the oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes by a chromium (VI) salt in sulfuric acid is often accompanied by formation of an hemiacetal between the resulting aldehyde and the alcohol substrate, following by the ready oxidation of this intermediate to an ester. 4


The work reported below is a comparative study of the properties of turbulence with weak mean flow in a Newtonian fluid and in a dilute polymer solution with an emphasis on the small scale phenomena. The main tool used is a three-dimensional particle tracking system allowing to measure and follow in a Lagrangian manner the field of velocities, as well as velocity derivatives, and thus vorticity, strain, and a variety of related and dynamically significant quantities. The comparison of data from the two flows allows to directly observe the influence of polymers on these quantities as well as the evolution of material elements in the presence of polymers.


The main purpose of this study is to investigate the utilization of blast furnace slag (BFS) in the production of briquettes as a replacement of soil (S). To achieve this first, some physical properties of the materials used were determined. Thermal properties of the materials were examined by using differential thermal analysis- thermo gravimetric analysis (DTA- TG). Following the characterization of the materials, the samples of briquettes made with BFS. Its replacement ratios with soil were 0, 2, 5, 10, 20% in mass basis (w/w). The mixtures were prepared and sintered at 900C in the furnace. Compressive strength tests results were presented. It can be said that BFS affected sintering behavior of the briquettes. Compressive strength results of the briquette samples indicated that BFS containing briquettes with 39.4MPa compressive strength (No#2), which was higher than the requirements of Turkish Standard Specification (TS EN 771-1) and it was also higher reference mixture's (No#1).


The overlap between gate and source/drain electrodes gives rise to parasitic capacitance (Cgd), which causes RC signal delay in thin-film transistor (TFT) circuits. Here, we show that in amorphous-indium-gallium-zinc-oxide TFTs, offsets as large as 0.5 μm, result in only slight reductions in draincurrent, such that (compared with single-gate TFTs with 2.5-μm gate-to-source/drain overlaps) an overall three times increase in switching speed can be achieved in dual-gate TFTs with offset top-gates shorted to offset bottom-gates. The high switching speed (~18 ns/stage delay), which is a combined effect of the bulk-accumulation achieved by shorting the two gates and zero Cgd, results in high-speed amorphous oxide TFT-based circuits.


This paper focuses on the complex design process of planar compliant mechanisms with flexure hinges. In the following a systematic methodology of the transition from lever mechanisms generated intuitively by the developer or non-intuitively by topology optimization to applicable compliant mechanism is presented. An extended pseudo-rigid-body model (PRBM) is used for the analysis and the modification of the lever mechanisms during the design process. Hereby, the flexure hinges are assumed as planar joints with 3 degrees of freedom (DOF) and the corresponding stiffness/compliance. Therefore, the planar deformation of the flexure hinges caused by the applied force and moments can be displayed. Based on this extended PRBM a subsequent optimization for the mechanism and the flexure hinges is applied to significantly reduce time and effort of the development process. Based on the presented development methodology a novel compliant mechanism with one DOF is created. Here, a maximum displacement of 635.8μm for an input displacement of 40μm can be achieved.


For more than 50 years, clinicians have used endometrial biopsies from infertile women to diagnose luteal phase deficiency (LPD) and to guide treatment. Now results from an observational study that involved 130 healthy, regularly menstruating, fertile volunteers …


This letter presents a dual-slot antenna etched on a substrate integrated waveguide. This antenna is designed, fabricated, and measured to operate at X-band. It uses two unequal slots in order to increase the bandwidth. The measured results show a bandwidth of 8.5%, which is twice that of the standard dual-slot antennas. Attractive features including low cost, compact size, and planar form make this antenna easy to integrate within microwave planar circuits.


In this issue of Leukemia & Lymphoma, Islam et al. report the results of their retrospective study of 55 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) receiving frontline therapy with R-CHOP. They calculated metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) from baseline, interim, and post-treatment PET scans and compared these with outcomes [1]. The authors conclude that positive MTV at interim is associated with positive MTV at end of treatment (EOT) and MTV measured at interim and EOT time points correlate with lower progression-free survival at 24 months (PFS24). PET was incorporated into response assessments using SUV-based Deauville scores in 2007 [2,3]. In Hodgkin lymphoma, interim PET results are now used to escalate or de-escalate therapy [4], but static SUV scores on interim scans have not been clearly useful in determining management in DLBCL [5–7]. Likewise, the international prognostic index (IPI) has been used to assess prognosis in DLBCL but does not affect treatment decision making. Incorporating baseline and interim PET scores including change in maximum SUV has been reported to improve the prognostic value of IPI [8]. While additional metrics from PET scans including MTV and TLG have not yet been studied extensively in DLBCL, a few groups have assessed their prognostic impact [9–11]. An investigation of 140 newly diagnosed DLBCL patients correlated calculations of TLG (mean SUV times MTV) with outcomes [11]. The authors found that higher baseline TLG at a margin threshold of 50% of maximum SUV was associated with inferior outcomes and was a better predictor of prognosis compared to IPI. They did not compare baseline TLG with interim or post-treatment values. A strategy in which additional measurements are used in the interpretation of PET scans could be particularly useful in guiding therapeutic decisions following unfavorable interim or EOT scans in DLBCL, as about two-thirds of patients are cured with standard therapy while the remaining patients are relapsed/ refractory and often have poor outcomes. In the study by Islam et al., medical imaging software was employed by an experienced radiologist using areas on PET of SUV > 4 to calculate the sum of nodal and extranodal disease (MTV) as well as the MTV weighted by SUV intensity (TLG). Those patients with positive MTV on interim scans were likely to have positive MTV on EOT scans. Positive MTV at these two-time points was also associated with decreased PFS at 24 months, which is an established key prognostic marker in DLBCL. Interim TLG values were not predictive of positive TLG at EOT. While this study is retrospective and small, it provides promising data in an area of clear need. One potential concern is regarding feasibility of widespread calculation of additional PET metrics. While it is currently standard for radiologists to report SUVs, even Deauville scores are not determined by all radiologists reviewing PETs. MTV and TLG are generally not computed outside of the research setting. The incorporation of these measurements would require additional software and training and could add a significant amount of time to the interpretation of nuclear medicine imaging. Further research will determine if both interim and EOT MTV and TLG will ultimately be useful in the prediction of outcomes; in this respect, it is of interest to note that the reported study found that only MTV was predictive, but was limited by low numbers. Additional novel strategies are being investigated along with PET imaging to assess interim response in DLBCL patients, including circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) [12]. In a study of 217 patients at 6 centers, peripheral blood samples were analyzed for ctDNA at baseline and then prior to cycles 2 and 3 of standard


Grewia coriacea, tree from 4 to 25 m in height and 12 to 40 cm in diameter is a plant of the Congoleses forests. Its fruits use the manufacture of several drinks. The barks are used in pharmacopeia. The section of the branches and the demolition of the tree practised in the zones of production, like method of gathering of the fruits, the practice of the itinerant culture on brulis, involve the crumbling of this botanical capital. Also, we undertook tests of layering in order to perennialize this species. All the marcottes emitted the roots before 3 months. The orthotropic branches and plagiotropes seem to be adapted best to the layering. Key words: Grewia coriacea Mast, layering, oblique, orthotropic, plagiotrope, branches


Workshops have been held, or are planned, during 2004 on Rendering, Visualization Symposium (with IEEE TCVG), Point-based Graphics, Parallel Graphics and Visualization, Graphics and Cultural Heritage, Geometry Processing, Virtual Environments, Graphics Hardware (with ACM SIGGRAPH), Computer Animation (with ACM SIGGRAPH), Computer Graphics Education (with ACM SIGGRAPH), Sketch-based Interfaces and Multimedia.


Water quality issues have focused public policy on the use of inputs such as fertilizer in agriculture, since nitrogen and phosphorus use in agriculture can contribute to the contamination of the Nation's water supplies. Estimates of profit-maximizing input price elasticities of demand are needed to assess the impacts of potential regulatory policies on input use. Also, because the structure of agricultural technology may differ across locations, location-specific elasticity estimates are needed. To this end, this paper uses a direct approach for estimating nitrogen, phosphorus, and land demands at the regional level, based on the first-order conditions for expected profit maximization. The direct approach is applied to State-level data on corn production in the Corn Belt. Results suggest that technologies differ across the Corn Belt States, own-price demand elasticities conform to theoretical expectations, and input demands have become less responsive to price over the 1964-89 period.


We examined intracellular calcium transients of isolated single cardiac myocytes from rats with doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiomyopathy with simultaneous measurement of cell motion. DOX was administered i.p. to Sprague-Dawley rats at 2.5 mg/kg once a week for 10 weeks. Field-stimulated calcium transients and simultaneous cell motion in single myocytes were measured in the presence or absence of isoproterenol using fura-2/AM. Histopathologic examination revealed slight changes. The time courses of both calcium transients and cell motion were significantly prolonged by DOX. There was a slight but not significant reduction in parameters of contractility in both calcium transients and cell motion. The beta-adrenoceptor responsiveness of both calcium transients and cell motion was not significantly impaired compared with the controls. Our data indicated that, despite the slight histologic changes in the heart in DOX-induced cardiomyopathy, impaired sequestration of intracellular free calcium ions in individual myocytes may be one factor leading to diastolic dysfunction. Monitoring of diastolic function is important to detect early cardiotoxicity caused by DOX.


Astyanax latens sp. n., from the Bermejo river basin, is described in this paper. Astyanax latens is diagnosed by a combination of characters: somewhat rhomboidal body; presence of 24-29 branched anal fin rays; 1-4 maxillary teeth; long pectoral fins (23.2-26.6 % of SL) always reaching one third of pelvic fin; long pelvic fins (17:6-22.0 % of SL) always surpassing anal fin origin; anal fin base long (32.3-36.7 % of SL); 26-27 gill rakers on first branchial arch; lateral band extremely narrow; one large vertically elongated humeral spot and a second one very faint; relatively shallow caudal peduncle (10.0-11.4 % SL); fifth tooth of inner premaxillary series very small and scarcely posterior to main series; origin of anal fin below dorsal fin.


Achieving efficient and secure resource discovery in the intercloud remains non-trivial. Several peer-to-peer based resource discovery schemes have been proposed by researchers apart from industry bodies such as the Global Inter Cloud Technology Forum (GICTF). The challenges with these distributed schemes include peer-selection, trust/reputation management, transaction record management and financial settlements besides handling failures. We propose a P2P-based resource discovery framework using blockchain which addresses several of the key shortcomings of existing approaches. The proposed framework scores over existing schemes on several functional and performance parameters. It is the first instance of applying the blockchain concept to the intercloud resource discovery process circumventing the need of a trusted third-party or broker between participating Cloud Service Providers (CSPs).


In general a weakly self-interacting curvaton field is expected and the curvaton potential takes a polynomial form. The curvaton potential can be dominated by the self-interaction term during the period of inflation if the curvaton field stays at a large vacuum expectation value. We use the formalism to calculate the primordial curvature perturbation in the various possible scenarios which make the curvaton model much richer.


Almost for all disease, especially for chronic ones, compliance is an important factor prevents the success of treatment. While non-compliance and no-show in outpatient follow up appointments declared as 20% - 50% for psychiatric patient populations, it can be 70% - 80% for psychotic patients. For all disease, especially for psychotic patients without insight, there are many factors affecting compliance which can be classified as personal problems and problems concerning family, health system and side effects of medication.


The paper considers the problem of increasing the bandwidth of wireless Wi-Fi networks in limited spectrum conditions. Various technologies are presented: increasing the length of the bit sequence, spatial diversity and multiplexing of signals, the technology of resource allocation in spatial diversity, as well as the method of block data transmission. Based on the conducted research, the further direction of the development of wireless Wi-Fi networks has been determined.


This paper presents a new condition, the fully physical consistency for a set of inertial parameters to determine if they can be generated by a physical rigid body. The proposed condition ensure both the positive definiteness and the triangular inequality of 3D inertia matrices as opposed to existing techniques in which the triangular inequality constraint is ignored. This paper presents also a new parametrization that naturally ensures that the inertial parameters are fully physical consistency. The proposed parametrization is exploited to reformulate the inertial identification problem as a manifold optimization problem, that ensures that the identified parameters can always be generated by a physical body. The proposed optimization problem has been validated with a set of experiments on the iCub humanoid robot.


The first step in the noncommutative dynamics was undertaken by L.C. Biedenharn who considered the quantum noncommutative harmonic oscillator. Recently Aref'eva and Volovich published paper devoted to some nonrelativistic dynamical system in a noncommutative phase-space framework. Noncommutative analogon of the Galilean particle, as described in Aref'eva and Volovich, has two main features: – Consistency of the formalism demands noncommutativity of the inertial mass. This phenomena holds also in Rembielinski in the relativistic case. – There is no unitary time development of the system on the quantum level. In this paper we formulate unitary noncommutative q-dynamics on the quantum level. To do this let us notice that a possible deformation of the standard quantum mechanics lies in change of the algebra of observables with consequences on the level of dynamics. This is pictured on the Fig. 1. The main observation is the well known statement, that probabilistic interpretation of quantum mechanics causes an unitary time evolution of physical system irrespectively of the choice of the algebra of observables (standard or q-deformed). As a consequence the Heisenberg equations of motion hold in each case (in the Heisenberg picture). In the following we restrict ourselves to the one degree of freedom systems.


Plastic concrete anti-seepage wall technology had been widely applied in the seepage control works of large-and mid-scale reservoirs.Taking the construction practice of plastic concrete anti-seepage wall of Annong reservoir in Ningming county as example,the author summarized and probed into the construction methods and quality control of plastic concrete anti-seepage wall.


sllc download - ACE Summer Timetable 2018 - Hamilton Town House | Halls and venues | The Town House Hamilton


ABSTRACT Objective: This paper explores whether the use of aquatic relaxation methods can effectively eliminate fatigue after high-intensity load training. Methods: Twenty athletes were invited to participate in the experimental aquatic relaxation-based test after a battery of strenuous exercise. The following markers were analyzed: blood urea, blood testosterone, hemoglobin, and cortisol. The data were collected before training, 30 minutes after the exercises, and the next day. Results: Sensible changes in the markers were observed. The fatigue manifested by sports training is closely related to several factors, such as sports training load, cardiac function, oxygen consumption, and metabolite accumulation. Conclusions: Aquatic relaxation can effectively relieve fatigue in athletes. Although there is a positive effect, traditional means should not be substituted. It is suggested that the coach combine relaxation methods according to each athlete's preference. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.


Background: The enterococcal surface protein (Esp) is a high-molecular-weight surface protein of biofilm creating agent in Enterococcus faecalis. Oxadiazoles have a wide range of biological activities. Objective: This research aimed to examine the impact of new oxadiazole derivatives on the expression of Esp, playing an important role in promoting the biofilm formation ability of drug-resistant E. faecalis strains. Method: 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole derivatives were synthesized through a one-step synthesis. E. faecalis strains were collected and isolated from hospitals in Tehran. The antimicrobial properties of the synthesized materials against the isolated strains were investigated. RNA, DNA, and cDNA were extracted, and the relative expression of Esp in E. faecalis isolates was evaluated by real-time PCR. Docking study was performed by AutoDock vina software, and the resulting docking poses were analyzed using Discovery Studio 4.5 Client software. Results: The use of synthesized derivatives changed the Esp expression level in different isolates compared to the control sample. The two compounds containing naphthalene (4f) and methoxyphenyl (4g) caused respectively a 2-fold and a 3-fold decrease in Esp expression compared to the control sample. The compound 4f with the best binding energy among the compounds (-9.2) had the most hydrogen and hydrophobic bonds with the receptor-binding site. Conclusions: 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole derivatives, especially naphthalene and methoxyphenyl, act as inhibitors of bacterial biofilm formation and can be used in the pharmaceutical and biological industries.


For targeted spraying equipment in greenhouse environments, due to the poor positioning signal of global navigation satellite system (GNSS), automatic mobile operation cannot be realized. In this study, a method based on ultrawide band (UWB) and inertial measurement units is proposed. The integrated positioning method of inertial measurement unit (IMU) achieves positioning accuracy at the centimeter level in the visual range. The system adopts a loose coupling mode and extended Kalman filter according to the three-axis attitude angular velocity and acceleration information from the IMU, and the positioning coordinates from the UWB base station (EKF) correct the UWB error in real time and calculate the accurate position, speed and attitude information of the robot. The test results show that when the robot travels in a preset straight line at a speed of 1 m/s, the UWB/IMU fusion navigation positioning error is less than 2 cm, which significantly improves the navigation accuracy and provides a basis for the realization of automatic operation of the targeted spraying robot.


A 67−year−old man with a history of perfo− rated peptic ulcer, who had undergone a partial gastrectomy with a Billroth II anastomosis, developed acute cholecysti− tis and was referred for laparoscopic cho− lecystectomy. The common bile duct was accidentally transected during the chole− cystectomy, and a choledochojejunos− tomy was carried out. Subsequent cholan− giography clearly showed a progressive hilar stricture and dilation of the bilateral intrahepatic ducts. Metal Z−stents (Cook− Z Stent GZS−12 ± 6.0−CF, Cook Endoscopy, Winston−Salem, North Carolina, USA) were therefore inserted for percutaneous transhepatic cholangiographic drainage. Follow−up cholangiograms showed that the inserted metal stents had migrated distally to the tip of the Roux−en−Y intes− tinal loop (Figure 1). Removal of the mi− grated metal stents using conventional push enteroscopy (Olympus SIF−230, Olympus Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) was not successful. We therefore inserted a double−balloon enteroscope (Fujinon EN− 450T5, Fujinon, Tokyo, Japan) through the anastomosis of the choledochojeju− nostomy and successfully approached the migrated metal stent within the tip of the Roux−en−Y limb (Figure 2). Matsushita et al. described using an open biopsy forceps technique for endoscopic removal of migrated stents in four pa− tients [1]. However, if a migrated metal stent is located at the tip of a Roux−en−Y intestinal limb, this method is not suita− ble. Kuno et al. used the double−balloon technique to access the afferent duodenal loop in a patient with a Roux−en−Y gastro− jejunostomy; they carried out endoscopic mucosal resection of an early cancer in the terminal part of the afferent loop using the double−balloon technique [2]. The double−balloon enteroscope is the only instrument that is capable of passing through a Roux−en−Y anastomosis.


1M.Tech Student, Department of Civil Engineering, N.M.A.M. Institute of Technology, Karnataka, India. 2Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, N.M.A.M Institute of Technology, Karnataka, India. 3Professor and Head, Department of Civil Engineering, N.M.A.M Institute of Technology, Karnataka, India. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract: Pervious concrete can potentially provide various environmental benefits as a storm water best management practice and is usually designed for low volume applications. It has an open void structure which allows water to infiltrate and percolate to the ground, without altering the natural hydrologic cycle. In this way, several problems related to the storm water management can be mitigated. With regard to pervious concrete pavement performance, permeability is the key functional design property. However, compressive strength, flexural strength and clogging resistance are also important properties. With regard to pervious concrete pavement performance, permeability is the key functional design property. However, compressive strength, flexural strength and clogging resistance are also important properties. Alkali activated slag based binders are being researched as definite alternatives to conventional OPC-based concrete mixes, leading to significant reduction in the use of OPC in the construction industry. Along with reduced emission of CO2 and consumption of energy in their manufacture, the alkali activated binders are also shown to exhibit superior mechanical properties than OPC binders. However, technical and economic viabilities of alkali activated slag binder systems is still a topic of recent research endeavors.


One crucial element of the cultural transformation which pre‐World War I Greenwich Village radicals believed would pave the way for socialist revolution was the liberation of women, not only in political and economic terms, but also in terms of lifestyle. However, both male and female Village feminists found themselves shackled by vestiges of Victorianism and torn between visions of women as naturally maternal and pacifistic and other images of women which demanded sexual equality. The Village was a community supportive of the new feminism, but the variety of feminism that emerged from it suffered from the complacency of male feminists who believed that they could be patrons of feminism, the acceptance of inflated claims advanced by the women's movement, a tendency to accept sexual liberation in lieu of more profound socio‐economic changes, and a failure to create a feminism relevant to the masses of working women in society at large. The young people who came to the Village in the 1920's were more intere...


Last year at this meeting we presented a paper entitled "Area under log contrast sensitivity function (AULCSF): A concise method of following changes in visual performance" (Applegate et. al., 1997).


The present special issue explores the manifold relations between his-tory, memory, and anthropological research. Explicitly or not, history has always been a particular reference for anthropological research (Willford and Tagliacozzo 2009). First of all, anthropologists most often deal with the past not only when attempting to reconstruct past events and conditions, but rather to look at social change, innova-tion, and transformation, enabling then to position their findings in larger theoretical perspectives: from (neo-)evolutionism, the Vienna School, (Neo-)Marxism to globalization theories (Barnard 2000). Evolutionists (from the classics of the nineteenth century to con-temporary 'neoevolutionists') are, for example, enthusiastic about the prospects of amalgamation of the two disciplines and view an-thropology actually as a study of cultural history. On the contrary, anthropologists of different relativistic schools are more or less skeptical in their views on the usefulness of history for anthropo-logical research as a study of contemporary cultures. For example, such a powerful figure as Malinowski argued that what he called conjectural history can give very little to anthropology, if any-thing at all (see Tokarev 1978: 235–236; Carneiro 2002: 81–82).


The Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology (BIT) is honoured to bring out the proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Materials, Manufacturing and Machining for Industry 4.0 (ICMMM 2020) – A Virtual Conference in soft form. This is an extensive Mechanical Engineering associated conference to take place in India. The conference was virtually held during 09-10, October 2020 hosted by Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam. The conference was designed to be conducted virtually that consists of three parallel technical paper presentation sessions on each day. Authors were given 12 min for their presentation and 3 min for question and answers session. In addition to this, five technical keynote lecture sessions were offered by eminent professors, scientists and leading industry experts on both the days. Q & A sessions were provided to the delegates to update their field of expertise according to industrial and social needs. 182 quality papers were scrutinized out of 230 by the editorial team and they were presented in the conference. The quality of the technical papers is ensured by Single Blind review process carried out by the external and internal experts as a review member. Each paper is checked for its similarity by Turnitin software, and ensured to have <15%. The reviewers suggestions are scrupulously considered as one of the criteria for accepting the 76 papers for possible publication. List of Advisory Committee, Conference Committee, Glimpses of ICMMM 2020, images are available in this pdf.


Filtration surgery is still the major operative intervention to glaucoma. The failure (recurrence) rate of the surgery remains high due to the scarring of the filtration zone as the result of fibroblast hyperplasia. To improve the success rate of the surgery, a variety of anti-fibrotic agents have been used in the clinic, which may be potentially accompanied by unwanted adverse reaction/side effect and complications. With better understanding of the scarring process, progress on the development of anti-scarring agents with high efficiency but less side effects has achieved to improve the outcome of filtration surgery. Novel anti-fibrotic agents are under investigation recently, including anti-vascular endothelial growth factor, pirfenidone, suramin, sphingosine-1-phosphate antibody, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase, microRNA, gene therapy and nano-drugs. The researches regarding the effectiveness and safety of these novel agents are still preliminary. Further studies on the pharmacokinetics of these drugs needs to be carried out, including the dosage, timing and frequency of drug administration.(Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2018, 42: 48-52)

Key words:
glaucoma; filtration surgery; anti-fibrotic therapy


Active control of impulsive noise has been of increasing interest due to high impact of such noise on humans. The algorithm with logarithmic transformation, developed by Wu, et al. has been found particularly interesting. In this paper this idea is continued, and an extension to this algorithm is proposed to improve its convergence properties and allow for successful control if the noise has also another type of noise together with the impulses. A number of simulations are performed to validate the algorithm and compare it with algorithms leading in the literature. Additionally to simulated benchmark impulsive noises, real recordings are considered, which bring another insight into efficiency of the algorithms.


The treatment technique for the removal of ammonia- nitrogen from light polluted raw water by zeolite ion- exchange is studied . Experimental study and engineering practice show that the zeolite ion - exchange technique is a simple denitrification process with high efficiency and low cost.


With electrification of heating and transport, as well as an increased reliance on varying renewable generation sources, buildings will be required to act in a flexible manner, allowing for the shifting of demands and coordination of local low-carbon generation [1]. Rather than simply acting as a rigid demand that must be satisfied by the grid, buildings can act as useful system of components by offering the opportunity for flexibility provision [2]. By exploiting the energy storage capacity of a building's fabric and using information about occupancy and comfort requirements, the heat/cold supplied to a building can be shifted away from times of high demand [3]. Furthermore, storage devices including batteries [4], thermal stores [5] and electric vehicles [6], along with renewable generation sources (particularly so-


Author has analyzed the fault reason of frequent trip for the Benfil steam compressor set,breakage of tie rod of diversion vale due to its sticking,blockage in oil circuit system,high pressure difference of filter and so on;has proposed the answering measures to be taken;has indicated the daily operation,maintenance and management gist to avoid fault to be caused for compressor set.


The dynamical process of underwater explosion bubble is a very complicated phenomenon with many facets needed to consider. After detonation, shock wave propagates in a very short time while the oscillation of bubble occurs in a long time. Bubble pulsation can cause serious damage for the structures nearby due to the whipping effect, bubble pulse or water jet impact in the collapse phase. This paper presents an application of Finite Element Method (FEM), namely Eulerian technique, to simulate the dynamical process of bubble and numerical results were verified by an experiment. This approach shows it's feasibility in simulating the bubble pulsation as well as the formation of water jet at the end of first contracting circle. Although numerical model was simplified by the boundary conditions, the success of this method is foundation for further study of bubble such as in predicting the damages of both nearby submerged structures as well as floating structures.


If we regard Shimazaki Toson's poetry anthology Wakanashu (1897) as the beginning of Japanese modern poem and regard Dr. Hu Shi's eight poems published in the magazine Xinqingnian in 1917 as the beginning of the Chinese modern poem, we can say that the exploring of Japanese modern poem has been started 20 years earlier than the Chinese counter part. However, though it is overstated if one says that in the previous century the comparison between these two histories of modern poems has been ignored, it can be said at least that the real exchange between the poets in these two countries is very rare. This has been changed until the recent Chinese translation of Tanigawa Shuntaro's poems appeared. The principal aim of this paper is to compare the images of "trees" in the poems of Tanigawa and those of the ancient Chinese poet Qu Yuan as well as the modern and contemporary Chinese poets Ai Qing, Niu Han and Chen Dongdong. Through this, I try to find out the cultural differences between the two countries. Meanwhile, I would also like to make comparison between their texts, thus to try to outline the lyrical mode and the expressive way between the poets in these two countries. Furthermore I would also try to analyze the cultural similarities and conflicts in their texts.


Over 49,000 new cases of bladder cancer are diagnosed every year in the United States [ 11. Superficial transitional cell carcinomas (TCCs) account for approximately 75-80% of these tumors, while the remaining 2 6 2 5 % are clinically muscle invasive or metastatic lesions at the time of initial presentation. Approximately 70% of superficial bladder tumors will have one or more recurrences [2,3], with 25% of these expressing a higher histologic grade and 10-15% subsequently developing invasive disease [2]. It is clear that following complete transurethral resection (TUR) of superficial exophytic tumors, the likelihood of subsequent recurrence and/or progression is determined by the status of the remaining mucosa. Mucosal instability manifested as atypia or carcinoma in situ (CIS) provides the soil for new tumors. The natural history and biologic potential of an individual urothelial diathesis is unpredictable and currently based on histopathologic criteria. Certain pathologic features such as grade, size, multifocality, presence of CIS and distant mucosal abnormalities have been identified as a means to predict the clinical course of patients with superficial bladder cancer. Furthermore, mapping studies of cystectomy specimens indicate significant rates of dysplasia and CIS in areas remote from visible tumors. The heterogeneity of preneoplastic lesions and superficial bladder tumors is clinically manifest in varying patterns of tumor recurrence and progression. Such heterogeneity cannot be reliably and consistently related to conventional morphologic features. Clearly, additional means of characterizing tumors and preneoplastic lesions are needed. The hope is to identify more sensitive and specific markers of tumor heterogeneity that may serve as reliable predictors in the individual patient. The reports included in the session of "Markers of Early Lesions" focused on blood group antigens, epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors (EGF-R), integrins, the retinoblastoma (RB) gene and p53 as potential markers of bladder tumor heterogeneity, disease behavior, and patterns of recurrence and/or progression. Blood group antigens have been extensively evaluated as potential markers in superficial bladder cancer. Dr. Sheinfeld discussed how improved immunohistochemical techniques and highly specific monoclonal antibodies coupled with a detailed description of the genetic and biosynthetic pathways have contributed to a better understanding of this antigenic system as it pertains to benign and malignant urothelium. In particular, the influence of an individual's secretor status is emphasized; msecretors do not express A, B, H, Leb or LeY antigens in benign urothelium and thus antigenic deletion of A, B, or H cannot be ascertained in this group of patients. Secretor individuals do express A, B, H, Leb and LeY in normal urothelium and delete A, B or H antigens during malignant transformation. Furthermore, the Lex determinant appears to be a very promising tumor-associated antigen in urothelium. It is not detected in normal urothelium except for occasional umbrella cells, while papillomas, CIS and TCC express the Lex antigen in approximately 85% of cases. Detection of this antigen on exfoliated bladder epithelial cells from over 300 cases resulted in a sensitivity rate of 87% and appeared to predict tumor recurrence in high risk, disease-free patients. Dr. Reznikoff gave a very thorough review of the current status of EGF and EGF-R and their potential role as markers and targets for bladder cancer chemoprevention. The distribution of EGF-R is strictly confined to the basal layer in normal urothelium, but in premalignant and malignant urothelium, EGF-R is expressed on cells of all epithelial layers. This altered expression could provide premalignant or malignant urothelium access to EGF. Importantly, EGF, normally excreted in very high concentrations in urine, has recently been found to be reduced in TCC patients. The potential clinical relevance of this observation was discussed. Interestingly, Messing [4] demonstrated the influence of pH on EGF affinity to human TCC cells, with acidification greatly reducing EGF binding to the EGF ligand. Integrins are dimeric cell surface glycoproteins that play important roles in cellular adhesion and differentiation. Dr. Grossman described in detail the integrin a6P4 which in normal urothelium appears to have a pattern of expression restricted to the basal cell layer. Altered expression of this antigen occurs in bladder cancer, even in early stage lesions. Its potential role as an early tumor marker was discussed. The preliminary data presented on DD23, an IgGl monoclonal antibody, appear encouraging but will require further characterization and evaluation.


The present invention relates to scanning, in particular the aqueous pharmaceutical composition suitable for intravitreal injection, in particular an aqueous ophthalmic composition. The composition biological agents that tend to raise the viscosity of the composition (e. G., Monoclonal antibodies to separate monoclonal antibodies specifically binding to C5 protein) and a guanidine and / or guanidine derivative, which tend to lower the viscosity of the composition (e. g., L- arginine).


In a college student sample (n = 4,467) chosen among the National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) participants in 2006, group differences based on disability (i.e., no disability, single primary disability, multiple primary disabilities) were examined on five NSSE benchmarks of student engagement and institutional performance (i.e., academic challenge, active and collaborative learning, student-faculty interaction, enriching educational experiences, supportive campus environment) and taking into account curricular status (i.e., Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics-STEM, non-STEM). Students with disabilities differed from their counterparts without disabilities in their perceptions related to student-faculty interactions and the extent to which they experienced supportive campus environments. Students with disabilities were significantly more favorable in their perceptions of student-faculty interactions, but reported significantly less favorable supportiveness of their respective campus environments. Although curricular status had independent effects on most of the measured outcomes, no compounding effects of curricular status on disability status were found. According to recent statistics from the U.S. Department of Education, up to 11% of all undergraduates report having a disability (National Center for Education Statistics, 2006). Previous research has found that students with disabilities who enroll in postsecondary education are less prepared academically for college, have lower overall retention rates (Horn & Berktold, 1999), take longer to obtain a degree (Freiden, 2004; Stodden, Conway, & Chang, 2003) and have lower persistence rates than their counterparts without disabilities (Horn & Berktold, 1999). According to National Organization on Disabilities survey (2000), only 12% of individuals with disabilities graduate from college, as opposed to 23% of their non-disabled counterparts. In addition, even though the underrepresentation of persons with disabilities in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) majors has been shrinking (National Postsecondary Student Aid Study, 2004), and approximately 7% of all scientists were individuals with disabilities, they are still underrepresented (i.e., 2%) among those younger than age 35, compared to 15% of those between ages 65–75 (National Science Foundation, 2006). Higher education is one of the most effective means of diminishing the negative consequences of disability (Stodden, Jones, & Chang, 2002). Research on experiences and perceptions of students with disabilities in postsecondary education mostly focused on student factors like self-determination skills as being critical in transitioning, adjusting, and remaining in college (e.g., Getzel & Briel, 2006; Stodden, Galloway, & Stodden, 2003; Thoma & Wehmeyer, 2005; Wehman, 2001). In addition to self-determination skills, self-management skills such as time management, organizational skills, and study skills have also been identified as important student variables (e.g., Mull, Sitlington, & Alper, 2001). Research has also looked at the barriers to the access and utilization of disability support services on campuses (e.g., Dowrick, Anderson, Heyer, & Acosta, 2005; Getzel, 2008) as variables that impact persistence and retention in postsecondary eduJournal of Postsecondary Education and Disability, Vol. 23, No. 2; 2010 130 cation. The goal of this study is to extend the literature on experiences and perceptions of students with disabilities in postsecondary education by looking at their perceptions of student engagement and institutional performance that have been extensively documented as leading to student achievement and other desired outcomes of college (e.g., Pascarella & Terenzini, 2005; Pike, 2006; Tinto, 1987, 1993). More specifically, we examined if and how college students with disabilities differed from their counterparts without disabilities in terms of student engagement and perceptions of institutional performance. The construct of student engagement generally refers to the quality of effort and involvement in productive learning activities and highlights the importance of student involvement, student effort, and student time on task (e.g., Kuh, 2009). However, student engagement is not only conceptualized as an indicator of "student performance," but also as an indicator of "institutional performance," and it also highlights the role that institutions have in inducing students to take part in educationally purposeful activities (e.g., Kuh, 2001, 2003; Kuh, Schuh, & Whitt, 1991). The National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) Institute developed five benchmarks to measure various aspects of student engagement and institutional performance: Academic Challenge measures the level of aca• demic effort and expectations set for students by the institutions; Active and Collaborative Learning measures • the level of involvement in learning in different settings as well as collaborating with others; Student-Faculty Interaction measures the • amount of learning first-hand by interacting with faculty members both inside and outside the classroom; Enriching Educational Experiences measures • the amount of complementary learning opportunities in and out of class augmenting academic programs and having diverse set of experiences to integrate and apply knowledge; and Supportive Campus Environment measures • if the environments are committed to student success and cultivating positive working and social relations among different groups. Even though engagement in effective educational practices generally benefits all students, the conditional and compensatory effects for specific student groups have been documented (Cruce, Wolniak, Seifert, & Pascarella, 2006; Kuh, Cruce, Shoup, Kinzie, & Gonyea, 2008; Pascarella & Terenzini, 2005). Conditional effects are the differences in the amount of learning or development experienced by one group of students relative to other groups. Compensatory effects indicate differences among various groups of students, like students who may start college underprepared, and their differential gains and benefits compared with their relatively advantaged peers. For example, Kuh et al. (2008) documented compensatory effects of student engagement for historically underserved students in terms of earning higher grades and persistence. Since students with disabilities in postsecondary education are shown to be less prepared academically for college and have lower persistence rates than their counterparts without disabilities, it appears that the assessment of student engagement may be critical to the identification of effective interventions for ameliorating the aforementioned negative consequences of disability. The first goal of this study was to examine, if and how, college students with disabilities differed from their counterparts without disabilities on five benchmarks of student engagement and institutional performance in a nationally representative sample: (a) Academic Challenge, (b) Active and Collaborative Learning, (c) Student-Faculty Interaction, (d) Enriching Educational Experiences, and (e) Supportive Campus Environment. The second goal was to assess whether STEM and non-STEM curricular status compounded any effects of disability status in terms of student engagement and institutional performance.


Roseville, California after suffering from recurrent episodes of pneumonia complicated by the sudden development of acute leukemia. He was a co-founder and past President (1985–86) of the Shock Society. He also was a charter member and Membership Chairman of the International Endotoxin Society. He was one of only 2 or 3 PhDs serving as a fellow of the College of Critical Care Medicine, and served on their Editorial Board from 1994 to 1997. Dr Hinshaw received his BA in Zoology (1949) and MA in Biology (1952) at the University of Southern California followed by his PhD in Physiology in 1955. He was a postdoctoral trainee at the University of Minnesota under Drs. Vissher and Spink from 1955 to 1961 at which time he first began his studies of the effect of endotoxin on the cardiovascular system. From that time on his interest in the pathophysiology of endotoxemia and sepsis involved into a tide of publications (283), which established him as one of the pre-eminent animal physiologists in this field. His initial studies centered on renal and cardiac functions in shock. Were these two organs directly damaged by endotoxin? He concluded that they were not. He established that whatever deterioration in renal function occurred was due to decreased cardiac stroke output, as a consequence of myocardioedema and decreased cardiac compliance. This, he found, was associated with a generalized capillary leak and decreased venous return. Dr Hinshaw then looked more specifically at those organs in the dog and baboon, which were directly affected by Escherichia coli or endotoxin infusions. He found that sinusoids of both the dog and baboon liver were the site of extensive pathological changes involving leukocytic and fibrin deposition and, in the dog, a striking reflex constriction of the hepatic vein. He found that these responses produced a marked elevation of hydrostatic pressure in the sinusoids, portal vein and lymphatics draining the liver and intestines. This, in turn, was associated with submucosal edema, hemorrhage and sloughing off of intestinal mucosa. He found similar inflammatory changes in the liver of the baboon but without the reflex vascoconstriction and intestinal damage. The adrenal glands, however, of the baboon were uniformly damaged. In 1976, a major step forward was made when, in collaboration with Gary White, Head of Animal Resources at OUHSC, Dr Hinshaw switched from bolus (1 min) infusion to slow (30–60 min) infusion of endotoxin or E. coli. Prolonging the infusion allowed, for the first time, observation of the individual sequential cardiovascular and humoral responses of the blood. It also allowed Dr Hinshaw to demonstrate for the first time the protective effects of glucose and of combined steroid/antibiotic therapy. He studied these aspects in detail through 1984. He showed that steroid/antibiotic within 2 h treatment of dogs and baboons increased survival by 100%. He found that post-treatment of baboons by as much as 4 h after infusion of E. coli increased survival by 65%. He observed that these improved survival rates were accompanied by marked reduction in vascular and cellular damage to the liver and adrenal glands in the baboon. These primate studies eventually led to multi-center clinical trials of cortisol and anti-TNF antibodies in the treatment of sepsis. While the trials were inconclusive, the lessons which were learned were profound. These ranged from the simple fact that 40% of the sepsis in the


The present invention relates to a mode decomposition and synthesis based on the super-directivity beam former, the first beam forming theoretical optimal solution decomposed and expressed in a matrix form; then using a Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization transform gives the correlation matrix solving expression; then the optimal solution using matrix decomposition of the optimal beam having different orientations and robustness of each mode of beam directivity factor by the maximum modal superposition beam directivity factor. Finally, a uniform linear array, for example, to obtain the final stable integrated super-directivity beam by selecting a suitable modality beam. The present invention takes advantage of the properties of the prior art is not accurate enough to overcome the limited scope of use, and lack of: beamforming optimal solution is not restricted in the form of an array theory, Gram-Schmidt orthogonal transform precise recursive calculation formula.


Standard mapping procedures were used to map four loci in linkage group I (the X chromosome), two loci in linkage group II, and two loci in linkage group III of Glossina morsitans submorsitans. In ...


Algiers city frequently experiences significant flooding during rainy weather
 due to the overflow of its storm sewer network (SSN). Through modeling,
 simulation, and field studies, vulnerable points of the network have been
 identified. These points are classified based on a combined assessment of
 hazard and vulnerability. Hazard is estimated using the Analytical
 Hierarchical Process (AHP) method, which considers the return period,
 overflowing height, slope, elevation, and waterproofing. On the other hand,
 vulnerability is determined by population density. Risk is determined by
 multiplying hazard and vulnerability. Additionally, a classification based
 on the FMECA method's criticality index has been performed to complement the
 approach. The concordance between the two methods is evaluated using Lin's
 concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), showing strong agreement. The
 sensitivity analysis conducted on the models highlights their reliability
 and robustness, making the obtained results trustworthy and useful for
 network managers. This analysis aids in effective flood management by
 allocating resources and interventions to the most vulnerable areas of
 Algiers city.


ABSTRACT Various asymptotic methods have been proposed for obtaining a two-tailed confidence interval (CI) for the odds ratio (OR) based on two independent samples. This paper evaluates 22 different methods, including 14 new methods or modifications of old methods. Because the CI is obtained by inversion in θ of the two-tailed test for H0: OR = θ, this paper evaluates the tests for various values of θ, rather than the CIs that are obtained. The paper concludes that none of the classic methods were selected as a top method, although the Agresti logit method is an acceptable option when the sample imbalance and the true value of OR are moderate; however the CI so obtained is very wide. The best methods are based on the likelihood-ratio test and on the inverse sine transformation – which is a new method – after adding 0.5 to all the data; the likelihood-ratio test method has one disadvantage, which is that the CI is obtained iteratively. The paper also selects the best methods for ensuring compatibility between the conclusions for the CI and the independence test.


This study investigated the act of code switching which refers to the use of two languages, English and Indonesian, as a medium of instruction used by the teachers in the context of teaching and learning English as one of the courses in the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education at Sriwijaya University. The subjects - the teachers and students who were dealing directly with the use of code switching in the process of teaching and learning – were observed, interviewed, and given a set of questionnaire. This study yields three important results. First, the teachers use code switching in order to have a better communication with their students during the teaching and learning process, especially to transfer the material or topic of discussion in class so that the students can understand the material or topic better. Second, three language aspects – pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar – were involved in this code switching phenomenon. Finally, students had a positive perception on their teachers" use of code switching during the teaching and learning process.


The developed approaches to increasing the selectivity of analysis by laser Raman spectroscopy, the use of chemometrics and a proprietary algorithm for self-tuning calibration models with the efficiency and speed of the method have shown a rare andexcellent opportunity for information equivalent on-line control of all technological stages of the production of poly- -olefin oils and other products through a network of fiber-optic probes. The oligomers of -olefins C6, C8 and C10 obtained by the technology of heterogeneous chromium-oxide catalysis developed at RN-RDC, as shown by the Raman spectra, differ from analogues obtained by homogeneous synthesis by a variety of structures of unsaturated groups, as well as by a greater width and variability of molecular mass distribution, which makes it possible to regulate a wide range assortment of low and high molecular weight products. A specialcase - the atypically high sensitivity of Raman spectra to the length of the chain - make it possible in the synthesis process to predict and adjust in real time the molecular weight of oligomers and other target properties, and replacing a fleet of traditional analytical equipment with one method.


Objective
To explore the clinical characteristics of late-onset ornithine carbamoyltransferase deficiency (OTCD) in order to improve the clinicians′ understanding of this disease.

Methods
The clinical, therapeutic and follow-up data of two patients with late-onset OTCD diagnosed in the Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from November 2017 to February 2018 were collected and analyzed.

Results
Case 1 is a 17-year-old male who was admitted into Qilu Hospital with recurrent dizziness and vomiting for 4 months, sudden mental abnormality and convulsion for 3 days. The liver dysfunction, respiratory alkalosis and hyperammonemia (434 μmol/L) had been found before his admission. His blood ammonia fluctuated obviously from 180 μmol/L to 2 998 μmol/L, though he was given hemodialysis and arginine infusion, and died on the fourth day after admission. Case 2 is a 15-year-old male, complained with recurrent dizziness, vomiting, bluntness and somnolence for 20 days. He was found with hyperammonemia (600 μmol/L) and liver dsyfunction in a local hospital. He was getting better after intravenous administration of arginine and liver protective drugs. After admission, the blood ammonia, liver function and amino acids, acylcarnitine profiling in dried blood spots, and organic acid analysis in urine were normal, and he has not recurred since restriction of protein diet. Brain magnetic resonane imaging of both patients showed cytotoxic edema of bilateral frontal lobe and insular cortex, and their genetic detection both showed c.119G>A(p.R40H) hemizygous pathogenic mutation of OTC gene inherited from their respective mothers.

Conclusion
Unexplained hyperammonemia and acute encephalopathy with insular and frontal cortical involvement should be on the alert to the urea cycle disorders, especially OTCD. Early diagnosis and reasonable treatment are the key to changing the prognosis.

Key words:
Urea cycle disorders, inborn; Ornithine carbamoyltransferase deficiency disease; Hyperammonemia


The 2019 World Malaria Report confirms that Africa continue to bear the burden of malaria morbidity. The continent accounted for over 93% of the global malaria incidence reported in 2018. Despite the numerous multi-level and consultative efforts to combat this epidemic, malaria continues to claim thousands of human lives, especially those of children under 5 years of age. Since malaria is preventable and treatable, one of the solutions towards reducing the number of deaths is by implementing an effective malaria outbreak early warning system that can forecast malaria incidence long before they occur. This way, policymakers can put mitigation measures in place. Tapping into the success of machine learning algorithms in predicting disease outbreaks, we present a malaria outbreak prediction system that is anchored on the well-established correlation between certain climatic conditions and breeding environment of the malaria carrying vector (mosquito). Historical datasets on climate and malaria incidence are used to train nine machine learning algorithms and four best performing ones identified based on classification accuracy and computation performance. Preceding the models' development, reliability and correlation analysis was carried out on the data; this was then followed by reduction of the dimensionality of the feature space of the two datasets. Given the power of deep learning in handling selectivity variance, the malaria predictor system was developed based on the deep learning algorithm. Further, the evaluation of the system was done using the Simulator function in RapidMiner and the accuracy of the predictions assessed using an independent dataset that was not used in the models' development. With prediction accuracy of up to 99%, this system has the potential in contributing to the fight against malaria epidemic in Africa and elsewhere in the world.


PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) is an essential molecule in mitophagy process in mammalian cells. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the expression and subcellular localization of PINK1 under physiological fluidic conditions in endothelial cells (ECs) and elucidate the implication these phenomena in the endothelial homeostasis and disease prevention. Unidirectional laminar shear stress (LSS) significantly elevated both mRNA and protein expression levels of the full-length PINK1 (FL-PINK1) in ECs. Extensive mitochondrial fractionation assays and confocal microscopic analyses demonstrated significantly reduced FL-PINK1 accumulation in the mitochondrial compartment yet increased in the cytosolic pool of FL-PINK1 after exposed to prolonged high LSS (15 dyne/cm2 for 48h). We also observed that mitophagy flux was significantly decreased without changes in mitochondrial membrane structures and membrane potential under the LSS condition. Moreover, increased cytosolic PINK1 increased mitophagic sensitivity to the cumulative fragmented mitochondria in the ECs. When treated with angiotensin II (AngII), LSS-preconditioning significantly decreased mtDNA lesions and displayed rapid Parkin recruitment followed by mitophagy induction in response to a mitochondrial uncoupler, carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone, -mediated oxidative stress condition. In addition, voluntary running exercise-preconditioning showed elevated PINK1 expression and enhanced mitophagy induction and reduced mtDNA lesions in the AngII-induced hypertensive mice. Taken together, LSS specifically increases a cytosolic pool of FL-PINK1, which elevates mitophagic sensitivity to dysfunctional mitochondria in endothelial cells. Our data suggest that enhanced unidirectional laminar shear stress promotes mitochondrial quality control and cell protection mechanisms via a PINK1-dependent pathway. This work was supported by funding from the National Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute at the National Institutes of Health (R01 HL126952 to J.Y.P.); and The American Heart Association/Beatrice F. Nicoletti research grant (19POST34450157 to J.C.S). This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2023 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.


To the Editor: Drs Masera and D'Angio [1] propose a preamble to informed consent (IC) documents. The preamble intends to reduce the complexity of IC information, but in our view, as proposed, the preamble would violate a major ethical principle, that of patient autonomy. We agree that specific written information may meet the needs of a family confronted with a serious diagnosis, e.g., by explaining the disease and providing reassurance. However, the preamble would compromise the patient–physician relationship by undermining the trust that underpins it. It misleads the patient into believing that entering a trial is the only treatment option, and reveals to some extent a conflict of interests of investigators. Alternatively to entering the trial, best standard of care should always be offered as equivalent option. We do believe that research has benefits for children, but their protection is essential. Respect for the autonomy of the patient in deciding on trial participation is required. There has been a number of examples of well-meaning research applied unethically [2]. As aptly put by Kristin A. Long in the same issue [3], ''Pediatric cancer treatment lies at the juxtaposition of research and clinical care''. If the preamble blurs the distinction between care and research, then there is no more juxtaposition and the patients have no choice. Although the preamble recommends to read the full IC document carefully, it presents the main topics in a simplified way, leading to perceive the IC document content as redundant or unnecessary. Thus, providing a preamble without improving ''lengthy, complex, and largely incomprehensible'' IC documents may create a negative bias toward the IC and further diminish its informative value. We suggest that it would be more valuable to emphasize the choices of patients, at diagnosis and throughout treatment. IC and assent are indeed continuous processes [4]. In this respect it is striking, as discussed by Long [2], that some pediatric oncologists are not seeking adolescent's assent. Restricting patients' choices might damage seriously the patient–physician relationship, in particular should the trial treatment fail, or the trial burden be unbearable. Conversely, we suggest to increase transparency of the IC and assent process in paediatric trials as recently recommended [5,6]; this is even in the interest of those running the trial. The academic community does its utmost to take account of the patients' best interests and to safeguard patients from low quality research. However, individual investigators are also driven by the professional need to accumulate funding, data, and publications. Conflicts of interest, including of a non-financial nature, are a recognized cause of bias. We suggest including a balanced presentation of expected outcomes [5,6] of each option within the IC document. It would also be useful to share elements of IC documents that were effective and well accepted by families in a multilingual repository. Increasing public awareness of the choices in healthcare would help make IC become true patient empowerment. Trust between the patients and the physicians, whether they are the treating clinicians or conducting clinical research, cannot be established without full transparency.


In view of high energy consumption of the circulating water pumps in Guangdong Meixian Power Plant,the technique improvement measure of energy-saving is studied,in which the super high specific speed centrifugal impeller is developed based on binary quasi-orthogonal iteration algorithm,and then the matching performance between the new impeller and the old spiral case is studied as well.Consequently,the target to enhance the operation efficiency and decrease the ennergy comsumption is obtained through the replacement of some key parts such as impeller etc under the condition that the motor,spiral case,piping etc are not to be changed,by which significant economic benefit is achieved at last.


The use of flexible shape and flexible grey-level models for representing variations in the appearance of human faces is described. These models are controlled by a small number of parameters which can be used for coding and reconstructing a face image.


A method of scanning a pattern on a surface, the method comprises forming a first spatially modulated light beam including a pattern for writing on a surface; splitting the first spatially modulated light beam into a plurality of sub-beams; altering a spatial relationship between the plurality of sub-beams, thereby forming a second spatially modulated light beam; and canning the surface with the second spatially modulated light beam.


Background: Hair represent an important aspect of an individual's self-image and affect social perceptions about that individual. Hair loss caused by androgenetic alopecia is also known to affect the psychological well-being of an individual but local data in this context is lacking. Aim: To investigate the psychological impact of hair loss among young men in the local population. Design: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, three psychometric scales assessing anxiety, selfesteem and depression were administered to male participants between 20 to 30 years of age (n=90).Participants were grouped into those with mild to moderate hair loss and moderate to severe hair loss using the Norwood-Hamilton scale. Age-matched men without evident hair loss were included as controls. Results: Significantly low self-esteem (p=0.000) and high anxiety levels (p=0.001) were seen in men with hair loss as compared to men who had no hair loss. No difference was observed in terms of depressive symptoms between the control group and the groups of men with hair loss (p=0.084) Conclusions: Young men from the local population affected by hair loss suffer from psychological complications including anxiety and low self-esteem. Psychosocial measures need to be installed to facilitate affected men in overcoming such deficits. Cosmetic treatments may also be used as a remedy for the psychological concern arising due to hair loss. Further research is needed into the factors affecting psychological health of men with hair loss.


1.1 Brunn-Minkowski inequality 1.1 Theorem. (Brunn-Minkowski, '88) If A and B are non-empty compact sets then for all λ ∈ [0, 1] we have vol ((1− λ)A+ λB) ≥ (1− λ)(volA) + λ(volB). (B-M) Note that if either A = ∅ orB = ∅, this inequality does not hold since (1−λ)A+λB = ∅. We can use the homogenity of volume to rewrite Brunn-Minkowski inequality in the form vol (A+B) ≥ (volA) + (volB). (1.1) We can deduce from this inequality the isoperimetric inequality. 1.2 Theorem. Among sets with prescribed volume, the Euclidean balls are the one with minimum surface area. Proof. We can assume that C is compact and volC = volB 2 . We have


The primary design of the extension engineering of Easter Lake electric drainage and irrigation station adopted the routine propeller pump.At last,combined with the factors such as the geomorphy and geologic,construction environment,construction period and city landscape,we selected the large diving pump in the technical construction design.


According to the practical requirement of training and competition of diving team,the management and analysis system for diving training data is designed and implemented.The system is developed based on visual basic 6.0 programming platform and linked to access database.Video processing interface remains to be added.The design ideas and system framework as a whole are presented in detail in this paper.The function structure and information processing procedure are analyzed.The realization of one particular function block is finally adopted to demonstrate its application.


Domingos, Maria Marcia Leite Nogueira. Evaluation for Quality Improvement (AMQ): monitoring actions in the Family Health Strategy and creating possibilities in daily care. Ribeirão Preto, 2010. 134p. Thesis (Master) – University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto, College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, 2010. What motivated this study was the low coverage of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in the city of Ribeirão Preto and in the state of São Paulo, Brazil coupled with the scarcity of studies addressing the impact of the FHS in large cities. This study evaluates health care services. Specifically it proposes a self-evaluation of a FHS team concerning their work, aiming to support improvements in the quality of care delivered to the ascribed population. Searching for instruments to be used in this evaluation, we found the Evaluation for Quality Improvement (AMQ) proposed by the Ministry of Health, a self-evaluating instrument for different levels of decision-making in the FHS (managers, coordinators and teams), easy to understand with positive or negative answers that lead to a process of reflection and selfevaluation. The AMQ was developed by experts in primary health care and in evaluating quality of health services and was later validated. Thus this study analyzes a self-evaluation process triggered by the FHS team linked to the University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto, SP through the AMQ methodology. Given the nature of the object of study, a qualitative approach was chosen. One of the FHS teams linked to the University of São Paulo was selected according to the following inclusion criteria: team's consent, its availability to participate, team was complete and met the seniority criterion. Data collection was carried out from December 2009 to March 2010 through focus group, whose thematic axis was the use of AMQ. The following themes were identified in the thematic analysis: constructing and strengthening Primary Care; the Family Health team – construction of possibilities?; reflections concerning the work in the FHS unit and the AMQ – possibilities and critiques to the instrument. The reflection revealed principles of Primary Care, which enabled the team to rethink activities that are not performed and those that are performed and which can be implemented and qualified. Hence, the Primary Care principles, present in daily practice, were identified, listed, understood, and valued by the workers themselves, which enable them to rethink the possibility of improving working conditions and consequently qualifying care delivered to the population under the responsibility of this team. The analysis also revealed difficulties and strengths and that the team needs to articulate several tasks and different types of knowledge and also exchange knowledge, enabling an opportunity to look at their own work and promote a movement to analyze activities performed and how they are performed, revealing several aspects of the work routine, which oftentimes are not even noticed by the team. Looking at the work, the daily routine, to divergences and convergences in relation to the work performed, to problems faced, achieved successes, to recover what have worked in a given point in the past, to interventions proposed by the team, and finally, it enabled the possibility to review these movements and somehow indicate elements for planning the work in the unit with a view to qualify care delivery. Descriptors: Health Evaluation; Family Health Program; Primary Health Care; Health Services; Public Health Nursing; Guarantee of Health Care Quality


This paper points out the difficult points and emphases of establishing the housing accumulation fund in the non-public ownership enterprises,and puts forward that should handle the administrative affairs in conformity with legal provisions of the Rules for the Management of the Housing Accumulation Fund issued by the State Council,and establish the housing accumulation fund system in the non-public ownership enterprises in an active and reliable way.


We consider the variance of sums of arithmetic functions over random short intervals in the function field setting. Based on the analogy between factorizations of random elements of $\mathbb{F}_q[T]$ into primes and the factorizations of random permutations into cycles, we give a simple but general formula for these variances in the large $q$ limit for arithmetic functions that depend only upon factorization structure. From this we derive new estimates, quickly recover some that are already known, and make new conjectures in the setting of the integers.
In particular we make the combinatorial observation that any function of this sort can be decomposed into a sum of functions $u$ and $v$, depending on the size of the short interval, with $u$ making a negligible contribution to the variance, and $v$ asymptotically contributing diagonal terms only.
This variance evaluation is closely related to the appearance of random matrix statistics in the zeros of families of L-functions and sheds light on the arithmetic meaning of this phenomenon.


Femtocells, as known as HeNB is the tremendous network technology in the Long Term Evolution (LTE) network in order to fulfill the upcoming demand of high data rates. However, Femtocells deployment may cause the incidence of frequent and unnecessary handover due to the movement of the user. As Femtocells coverage area is very small and deployed randomly, there are many possible targets Femtocells for handover. This paper analyzed on the performance analysis of handover strategy in Femtocells network under Hybrid Access Mode to minimize the unnecessary handover. The handover strategy for three different threshold stay time with considering the velocity of user equipment (UE) in the mobility are analyzed. The simulation results showed that the proposed algorithm minimized the number of handover and decreased the unnecessary handover probability. Simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm has a better performance as compare with the traditional strategy


Abstract Background In the last two decades, herbicide-resistant biotypes of Conyza bonariensis, Conyza canadensis, and Conyza sumatrensis were identified. Objective: To evaluate herbicide alternatives for the control of C. sumatrensis to replace simplified management at soybean pre-sowing in the no-till system and assess the potential herbicide injury to soybeans. Methods Four experiments were conducted in Palotina, PR, to evaluate alternative managements to the herbicides commonly used in C. sumatrensis , such as synthetic auxins, pre-emergent, and burndown herbicides. All consisted [...]


This paper focuses on the role o f small and medium-sized ports (SMPs) in enhancing the competitiveness and logistics performance o f multi-port gateway regions and associated inland logistics systems. The concepts developed will be applied to the ports in the northeast o f China, a multi-port gateway region around the Bohai Sea Economic Rim (BER). Port competition is analyzed by multi-variable methodology> and generalized common characteristics o f SMPs compared to gateway ports, and the similarities o f SMPs and SMEs are also compared. Later in this paper, we analyze the role o f a SM P in such region in different variables: (a) cargo volume and market share; (b) international connectivity; (c) relative cluster position; (d) p o rt city and hinterland connection; and (e) logistics and distribution function. The five-dimension analysis com bined with in-depth cases study o f typical Yingkou p o rt describes a profile o f SMPs in the BER and provides future study possibility for more SMPs cases worldwide.


A very cold and collisional hot-filament discharge plasma is created in a vacuum chamber with an inner wall cooled by liquid nitrogen. The inner chamber (16.5 cm diameter×30 cm) has two negatively biased tungsten filaments for plasma generation and a Langmuir probe on axis for diagnostic measurements. With the wall at 140 K, 0.5–16 mA filament emission, and 1.6 mTorr carbon monoxide as the working gas, probe data give electron temperatures of 17–28 meV (197–325 K) with corresponding densities of 108–109 cm−3. With He, Ar, H2, and N2 at 140 K, the electron temperatures are >500 K. The lower electron temperature with CO is attributed to the asymmetric CO molecule having a larger cross section for electron excitation of rotational modes as a consequence of its dipole moment.