The definition of a smart city as a broad concept values the versatile acquisition, storage, and processing of relevant data for the city's community. In this context, health data occupies a privileged place. The reliable gathering of personal health information has become recently possible through wearable medical devices. These devices usually do not store the data locally and offer, in the most favorable case, limited basic data processing features, and virtually no advanced processing capabilities for the collected personal health data. This paper describes an integrated distributed e-Health system, which collects health data from the enrolled city residents, and allows secure storage and processing of medical data in the cloud by using a comprehensive encryption model to preserve the data privacy, which is based on the NTRU public-key cryptosystem. The correct assignment of the medical data to the respective person is verified by the usage of a hash-based digital signature mechanism. The system collects the user data through a client application module that is installed on the user's smartphone or smartwatch and securely transports it to the cloud backend. The homomorphic processing of the encrypted data is performed using the Apache Spark service. The eventbased handlers are triggered by the IBM OpenWhisk programming service. The prototype has been tested using a real-world use case, which involves five hundred residents of Brasov City, Romania.


BACKGROUND Obscure gastrointestinal (GI) Our literature search yielded 14 studies that were included. There were 68 procedures performed with 61 unique patients subjected to these procedures. Forty-four (65%) of the procedures were double balloon, 21 (31%) were single balloon, and 3 (4%) were classified as through the scope balloon assisted. The most common altered anatomy types included Gastric Bypass Roux-en-Y, Pylorus Sparing Whipple, Orthotopic Liver Transplantation with Roux-en-Y, and Gastrojejunostomy Roux-en-Y. The procedures were successfully performed in each patient. There were 5 (7%) procedures that were complicated by perforation. Amongst the available data, the diagnostic yield was 48/59 (81%) and a therapeutic yield of 39/59 (66%). One patient was recommended surgical revision of their altered anatomy following enteroscopy.


Virtual reality (VR) headsets allow wearers to escape their physical surroundings, immersing themselves in a virtual world. Although escape may not be realistic or acceptable in many everyday situations, air travel is one context where early adoption of VR could be very attractive. While travelling, passengers are seated in restricted spaces for long durations, reliant on limited seat-back displays or mobile devices. This paper explores the social acceptability and usability of VR for in-flight entertainment. In an initial survey, we captured respondents' attitudes towards the social acceptability of VR headsets during air travel. Based on the survey results, we developed a VR in-flight entertainment prototype and evaluated this in a focus group study. Our results discuss methods for improving the acceptability of VR in-flight, including using mixed reality to help users transition between virtual and physical environments and supporting interruption from other co-located people.


A comparison between a momentum flux analysis and data for slot jet of limited aspect ratio is described for one set of consistent data. It is shown that an analytic model, based on the synthesis of momentum flux profiles, gives good agreement with experimental data when non-uniformity of exit velocity is taken into account, and the spread coefficient and origin correction are carefully selected.


LATIN AMERICA COMPRISES the group of twenty republics formed by Brazil, Haiti, and the eighteen Spanish-speaking countries. It is easy to point out some of the conditions that, in many respects, characterize this group of countries as an homogeneous aggregate: the similarity of their history and religion, of their languages, and, more recently, the common goal set by their governments of attaining in the near future an economic integration that would entail the strengthening of their social and cultural links. This pattern of similarities also holds, for the majority of Latin American countries, with respect to their demographic characteristics, although there are some singular exceptions. For example, when it is said that the rate of population increase is very high in the region, the assertion is true for most of the nations, but there is a minority of the Latin American population subject to a rate of increase much closer to the moderate one prevailing in North America. Deviations also appear within the different countries when their demographic characteristics are examined carefully. Therefore, when general trends are discussed, it is dangerously easy to lose sight of significant deviations from them. It must be remembered that exceptions exist and that they occur especially in groups situated at the extremes of the social strata. In one of them, where the standard of living is very low, the peoples concerned are subject to very high rates of fertility and mortality. On the other extreme, the populations of big cities in the relatively more developed countries show quite different demographic trends toward moderate rates of fertility and low rates of mortality.


Yagi-Uda antennas are famous for their broadband and endfire directional pattern properties. A folded dipole is commonly used as the Yagi-Uda driven element. Compared to a linear dipole, a folded dipole provides a higher input impedance, which is scaled by N2, where N is the number of elements in the folded dipole. This paper presents a C-band printed quasi-Yagi antenna having a three-element antipodal folded dipole as its driven element. A balun transition between the feed input and the folded dipole is obtained by tapering both the microstrip feed line and the ground plane. The reflector element of the antenna protrudes from two sides of the triangular ground plane. The high input impedance of the three-element folded dipole feed permits the addition of more director elements without sacrificing the overall input impedance of the antenna, thus keeping a good impedance bandwidth without having to re-tune the balun design. The inclusion of the extra directors renders the antenna highly directive. Also due to the multiple elements in the folded dipole, size reduction of the antenna is possible by shrinking the distance between the different parasitic elements, which happens without hurting the overall performance. In addition to the the simulated and measured results of the presented quasi-Yagi antenna, this paper also reports the design of a linear array of four such quasi-Yagi antennas, which has a large bandwidth and a high directivity.


WHY all the recent excitement about highdensity lipoproteins (HDL)? Because of the strong inverse relation between plasma levels of HDL and mortality from cardiovascular disease.1,2 Increased serum...


Climate change is increasing the intensity and incidence of environmental stressors, reducing the biomass yields of forestry species as Pinus pinaster. Selection of new stress-tolerant varieties is thus required. Many genes related to plant stress signaling pathways have proven useful for this purpose with sucrose non-fermenting related kinases (SnRK), conserved across plant evolution and connected to different phosphorylation cascades within ABA- and Ca2+-mediated signaling pathways, as a good example. The modulation of SnRKs and/or the selection of specific SnRK alleles have proven successful strategies to increase plant stress resistance. Despite this, SnRKs have been barely studied in gymnosperms. In this work P. pinaster SnRK sequences (PpiSnRK) were identified through a homology- and domain-based sequence analysis using Arabidopsis SnRK sequences as query. Moreover, PpiSnRKs links to the gymnosperm stress response were modeled out of the known interactions of PpiSnRKs orthologs from other species with different signaling complexity. This approach successfully identified the pine SnRK family and predicted their central role into the gymnosperm stress response, linking them to ABA, Ca2+, sugar/energy and possibly ethylene signaling. These links made the gymnosperm kinases promising candidates into the search for new stress resistance-related biomarkers, which would be useful into future breeding strategies.


Photosynthetic characteristics of the seedling of rice"Zhongyou No.1" applied with different forms and ratios of nitrogen nutrition were studied.In comparison with the blank treatment(control),the chlorophyll content(Chl),photosynthetic rate(Pn),PSⅠ activity,PSⅡ activity and the capacity of light absorption of rice leaves were higher in the mixture treatment of NH + 4+NO - 3 than those in the NO - 3 treatment and NH + 4 treatment,and showed the best in the mixture treatment with NH + 4/NO - 3 of 2/3 In the 2/3(NH + 4/NO - 3) treatment,the polypeptide compositions of thylakoid membrane,whose MW were 16 000~ 18 000 D and 22 000~25 000 D that connected with the oxygen release in the PSⅡ particles and 62 000~63 000 D in the PSⅠ particles increased in quantity apparently.The results proved that the ratio between 2/3 and 3/2 for NH + 4/NO - 3 was the most beneficial to the photosynthetic characteristics of rice seedling.


Objective To observe the effects of pump-infusion of sufentanil in two dosages combined with two concentrations of sevoflurane inhalation for children undergoing auricular reconstruction,and to evaluate their hemodynamics(MAP,HR) and BIS in recovery from anesthesia,as well as sedative-analgesia in recovery from anesthesia.Methods Sixty children undergoing auricular reconstruction were randomly divided into four groups(n = 15).Anesthesia was maintained with sufentanil at 0.1 μg /(kg· h) and 1.7% sevoflurane inhaled in Group A wheras 2.2% sevoflurane inhaled in Group B;with sufentanil at 0.15 μg /(kg·h) and 1.7% sevoflurane inhaled in group C wheras 2.2% sevoflurane inhaled in group D.Parameters of hemodynamics(MAP,HR),BIS,Ramsay scores,RS scores,and VAS scores were recorded.Results In group A and B,the parameters of hemodynamics(MAP,HR) were all higher than basal parameters in recovery from anesthesia(P 0.05),wheras there was no difference in group C and D(P 0.05).In group C,there were more stable hemodynamics,satisfactory sedative-analgesia among the four groups(P 0.05).In group B,the RS scores were higher than groups A,C and D(P 0.05).As to VAS scores,group A and B were higher than group C and D(P 0.05).Group D had less BIS score than the other groups(P 0.05).Conclusion Anesthesia maintained with sufentanil at 0.15 μg /(kg·h) and 1.7% sevoflurane inhaled is more suitable for children undergoing auricular reconstruction which had more satisfactory sedative-analgesia and high quality of recovery from anesthesia.


In WiMAX networks, a bandwidth request-grant process is required for uplink operation. However, the process is not optimized for TCP, since the uplink ACK stream is disrupted due to the following: (a) The process consists of several stages which in turn introduce big transmission delay; and (b) it requires additional uplink bandwidth which is significant compared to the ACK packet size. In this paper, the authors propose a new ACK transmission scheme, where ACK packets are combined with a bandwidth request (BR) header. Through simulation, it is demonstrated that the proposed scheme reduces the overheads of TCP-ACK transmissions effectively.


We investigated the expression and significance of N-terminal molecular fragments of osteocalcin (N-MID), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and RNA-binding motif 5 (RBM5) in brain metastas...


The D-neuron in the rat central nervous system (CNS) was described by Jaeger et al. [1]. Initially, they defined as "the nonmonoaminergic aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC)containing cell", and called the "D-cell". AADC is an equivalent enzyme to dopa decarboxylase (DDC). The D-cell contains AADC but neither dopaminergic nor serotonergic. Then, it is natural that the D-cell is thought to produce the trace amine (TA), such as β-phenylethylamine (PEA), tyramine and tryptamine. AADC is the rate-limiting enzyme for TA synthesis. However, it is confusing that these TAs are also "monoamines", as each TA has one amino residue.


Nordic Safety Climate Questionnaire is a diagnostic and intervention tool to evaluate the status and progress of safety climate in an organization and can be used as a bench marking tool at the group, company, sector, national and international level, generating possibilities for cross-level knowledge sharing.


The present study attempts to investigate the applicability of the TAM model in the Arab context and to extend TAM with three moderating/interacting human factors. Using a survey sample collected from 722 knowledge workers using desktop computer applications on a voluntary basis in Saudi Arabia, this study sought empirical support for testing the basic structure of TAM. Toward that, the study was successful as the structure of TAM holds well in the Saudi settings. This study also empirically examined an extended TAM by incorporating gender, age and educational level as moderators of the model's core relationships. Our findings emphasize that most of the key relationships in the model are moderated. Specifically, age moderates all the influences of computers usefulness and ease of use on attitudes and intention to use. However, gender and educational level only moderate the influence of ease of use on attitudes.Implications for management and practice of these findings are discussed.


A cohort of 45 normotensive subjects (age 18-60 years) was studied. Two groups were formed: the 1st consisting of 24 persons who were normotensive, the 2nd consisting of 21 persons whose state was normotensive and who after five-year follow-up developed arterial hypertension. The risk factors and heart rate variability parameters were investigated during active orthoclinostatic test. The nonlinear logit-models for the development of arterial hypertension were worked out to estimate the predictive value of risk factors and heart rate variability parameters; the risk profiles were designed.


The invention discloses a load control distribution method and system of the electric power industry. The load control distribution method of the electric power industry comprises the steps of (1) obtaining the load control priority sequence and the total load control quantity of a supply side, determining that a load control mode with the maximum priority serves as a current load control mode, and determining that the total load control quantity serves as the current total load control quantity; (2) determining users with the load control modes same as the current load control mode to serve as current alternative users according to preset screening conditions; (3) determining a target user from the current alternative users according to preset constraint conditions by using preset optimizing distribution functions which comprise a power grid loss revenue function, a user influenced range function and/or a load control effectiveness function when the sum of the load control quantities of the current alternative users is larger than or equal to the current total load control quantity. The load control distribution method of the electric power industry achieves the purposes that the power grid loss revenue is as low as possible, the number of influenced users is as small as possible, and/or load control effectiveness is as high as possible according to the load control priority sequence under the condition that the total load control quantity and the constraint conditions are met.


Antibody based drugs are increasingly being used to treat a vast array of diseases because of their unique affinity to target specific antigen proteins on the surfaces of target cancer cells. Fusions of antibodies and conjugated biopharmaceuticals are progressively being used as this gives the opportunity to target other cytotoxic molecules to unwanted cells. It is critical to ensure these types of drug products are not fragile or uneconomical to produce at a large scale. A very small amount of precious protein solution can be characterised in an Ultra scale-down (USD) shear device to uncover if fusion proteins are prone to shear stress. This article presents how the purified and deglycosylated form of the MFECP1 fusion protein was quantified with an ELISA from 700-50 ng/ml, with a +/- 10% deviation in the standard curve. It also describes how the same MFECP1 fusion protein was analysed to establish the optimum experimental control conditions that were required to observe changes due to hydrodynamic-associated degradation in a shear device. Lastly, it looks at how a first order kinetic relationship can be used to model the rate of MFECP1 fusion protein degradation and how this was used to quantify the rate of protein loss during different shear environments with and without air/liquid interfaces.


The direct effect of the rotavirus NSP4 114-135 and Norovirus NV 464-483 peptides on 36 Cl uptake was studied by using villus cell brush border membrane (BBM) isolated from young rabbits. Both peptides inhibited the Cl - /H + symport activity about equally and partially. The interaction involved one peptide-binding site per carrier unit. Whereas in vitro NSP4 114-135 caused nonspecific inhibition of the Cl - /H + symporter, the situation in vivo is different. Because rotavirus infection in young rabbits accelerated both Cl - influx and Cl - efflux rates across villi BBM without stimulating Cl - transport in crypt BBM, we conclude that the NSP4 114-135 peptide, which causes diarrhea in young rodents, did not have any direct, specific effect on either intestinal absorption or secretion of chloride. The lack of direct effect of NSP4 on chloride transport strengthens the hypothesis that NSP4 would trigger signal transduction pathways to enhance net chloride secretion at the onset of rotavirus diarrhea.


The simplest form of input required for step-by-step simulation of response of a structure to a gusty wind is a stochastic process having Gaussian distribution and a specified power spectrum. Methods for generating such a process are described in detail, and the extension outlined for generating a number of partially correlated input processes having specified power spectra and cross-spectra.


A mathematical representation of the transformation of an orientation function between two sets of Cartesian coordinates is discussed in terms of a series expansion of the distribution function in generalized spherical harmonics. A general procedure for calculating the mechanical anisotropy of a single-phase system (a polycrystalline material) from the orientation of its structural units and the intrinsic mechanical anisotropy of the structural unit is discussed in relation to the transformation of the orientation distribution function, i.e., mutual conversion of the coefficients in the expansion of the distribution function between the two sets of Cartesian coordinates. The procedure is extended to a two-phase systems (semicrystalline polymers) containing structural units composed of crystalline and noncrystalline materials in three different geometrical arrangements.


Any patient's condition can deteriorate rapidly and for many different reasons. Maintaining a patient's airway and facilitating breathing is the main priority in any emergency situation, although achieving airway control can be difficult. All health professionals need to be able to safely undertake airway management and the key to the management of an airway is through a thorough assessment to firstly ensure whether the airway is patent or not. This paper will discuss airway management in the emergency and intensive care setting.


We study a reaction-diffusion system in 1D with various boundary conditions. We focus on the sets of "critical points", i.e. the couples of diffusion rates, for which linearization emanates nontrivial solutions (spatial patterns). We utilize the software AUTO and XPPAUT to numerically obtain continuous branches of these critical points.


Purpose – Prior studies have argued that small firms with dynamic capabilities can revise and reconfigure their internal resources to meet the uncertainties of their business environment. However, there is a lack of understanding of how they can develop such critical capabilities. The purpose of this paper is to propose that small firms can employ information and communication technology (ICT) capabilities as a facilitator for developing dynamic capabilities. Thus, the study builds on resource-based view (RBV) literature and information systems (IS) literature by examining the influence of ICT capabilities on the dynamic capabilities of small firms. Design/methodology/approach – Several hypotheses were tested by analysing the survey data from 291 small high-technology firms in Sweden. Findings – The results reveal that ICT capabilities influence dynamic capabilities of small firms. More specifically, the ICT use for internal efficiency positively influences adoptive capabilities, collaborative use of ICT ...


In recent decades, governments across the global North have liberalized their service markets and privatized major service providers with the aim of reducing prices, improving service quality, and enhancing competitiveness and innovation. Large fi rms have responded with restructuring measures intended to drive down costs and increase returns to shareholders. One set of strategies involves shifting service jobs that were formerly performed in-house to subcontractors specializing in industries such as IT, security services, catering and cleaning. These measures can have signifi cant effects on the pay and conditions of service workers within core fi rms and across their increasingly complex production networks, as jobs move to employers that both face stronger cost pressures and are covered by weaker institutional protections.


We describe the clinical presentation, hospital course and rehabilitation outcome (with improvement in clinical scores) in a middle-aged male with neurobrucellosis admitted in Neurological Rehabilitation ward of a tertiary care hospital in India. This case report highlights the need and importance of rehabilitation along with medical treatment in neurobrucellosis patients even in later stages.


Abstract This paper considers the production of drizzle in statocumulus clouds in relation to the boundary-layer turbulent kinetic energy and in-cloud residence times. It is shown that drizzle production in statocumulus of the order of 400 m in depth is intimately related to the vertical velocity structure of the cloud eddies. In a series of two dimensional numerical experiments with fixed cloud condensation nucleus concentrations, the effect on drizzle production of enhanced or diminished vertical velocities is simulated. Rather than do this by simulating clouds exhibiting more or less energy, we modify drop terminal velocities in a manner that conserves the fall velocity relative to the air motions and allows droplet growth to occur in a similar dynamical environment. The results suggest that more vigorous clouds produce more drizzle because they enable longer in-cloud dwell times and therefore prolonged collision-coalescence. In weaker clouds, droplets tend to fall out of the cloud before they have ach...


AbstractSolution treatment of 12Cr–Mo–V steels below the specified temperature range leads to the development of spheroidized microstructures with dramatically reduced creep resistance. This is known to have resulted in the premature service failures of superheater tubing. Compositional and mechanical property checks currently specified in the relevant standards may not be sufficient to reveal deficiencies. Steels with Cr–Ni equivalents at the uppermost extreme of the range possible within the compositional limits of the tube steel standards show enhanced susceptibility to both δ– and α–ferrite formation. The significance of this is discussed in relation to creep strength, with particular reference to the differences between the effects of α- and δ-ferrite.MST/147


The stability criterion derived by mathematical models of the machine tool vibratory system and the dynamic cutting process predicts cutting conditions under which the machine tool working against chatter develops dynamic instability. In this study, we assume that a turning workpiece has directional vibratory properties, and derive both its unconditional and conditional stability criteria, including the effect of velocity components of dynamic cutting forces. In view of the importance of designing machine tools with high dynamic stability and eliminating chatter in the shop, it is necessary to investigate the variation of the stability limit caused by the velocity component in relation to the directional vibratory properties of the workpiece. As a result of the investigation, it is revealed that the stability limit variation caused by the velocity components depends to a considerable degree on the principal coordinate direction of the workpiece vibratory system.


Objective To establish an animal model of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep deprivation (SD) and an animal model for perifornical nucleus microdialysis and investigate the change of cognition, hypocretinergic system and GABAergic system in rats' hypothalamus after various degrees of REM sleep deprivation and sleep revival and two GABAergic drugs intervention. Methods The modified multiple platform method (MMPM)was used to establish sleep deprivation model and the cognitive function was assessed by Morris' water maze. Immunofluorescence technique was used to analyze the number of Hypocretin (Hcrt) immunoreactive neurons, total Fos immunoreactive neurons, Hcrt and Fos colabeled neurons, and the integrated optical density ( IA ) of GABAA Rαl immunoreactive area in rats' hypothalamus.High performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) was used to quantitatively analyze the level of GABA and Gluin in the rats' hypothalamus. Two GABAergic drugs, a selective GABAA R antagonist, SR-95531, and a selective blocker of type 1 GABA transporter (uptake blocker), NO-711, were used for perifornical nucleus microdialysis. Results There was no statistically significant difference in tests between CC and TC ( Define CC and TC). There was a significant decrease (P < 0. 05 ) of cognitive function measured by Morris maze test in SD 3 d, SD 5 d and RS 6 h of SD groups compared with CC and TC groups. Number of Fos immunoreactive, F+ &H+ immunoreactive neuronsand IA of GABAA Rαl immunoreactive area were all significantly increased ( P < 0. 05 ). Content of GABA measured by HPLC was also increased ( P < 0. 05 ). However, all these changes were partly reversed by sleep revival SR-95531 and NO-711 had different effect on these changes. Conclusions Sleep deprivation, no matter mild or severe, has adverse effects on cognitive function. Activities of both GABAergic and Hcrtergic system are increased during REMSD. These two neurons system could be regulated by each other and the relationship between them is positive correlation. GABAergic system also had self-regulation during REMSD, but microdialysision of either SR-95531 or NO-711 acquired adverse effects on cognitive function of rats. So GABAergic system is not an optimal therapeutic target. Because GABAergic and Hcrtergic system has inhibitory effect on each other,suppressing activity of Hcrtergic system might be a promising therapeutic target.

Key words:
Sleep deprivation;  Cognition;  Gamma-aminobutyric acid;  Neuropeptides; Intracellular signaling peptides and proteins;  Rats


Separated flow is a very important phenomenon related with operation safety and economy of turbomachines. In order to understand the characteristics of this complicated phenomenon, a strongly separated flow in an annular compressor cascade at large incidence was investigated using Laser Doppler Velocimeter (LDV) and 7 hole pneumatic probe. The velocity, total pressure loss, turbulence intensity and turbulent stresses were obtained. The results indicate that both inertance and viscouse separation appear simultaneous in the separation region. The whole separated flow field consists of a main flow region, shear speed layer and "dead region". The shear speed layer has great influence on the performance of the cascade. There are great changes of the flow parameters at the separated flow boundary, which can be used as evidences to determine the separated flow boundary.


Takaaki Kajita of the University of Tokyo and Arthur McDonald of Queen's University in Kingston, Canada, won the Nobel Prize in physics for discovering a weird identity-shifting by ghostly particles called neutrinos. Neutrinos come in three flavors—electron, muon, and tau—and the new laureates showed that the types morph into one another. Kajita led researchers working with the Super-Kamiokande, a gargantuan neutrino detector in a zinc mine 250 kilometers northwest of Tokyo, to study muon neutrinos produced when cosmic rays strike the atmosphere. In 1998 they found that the number of muon neutrinos raining down from above differed from the number coming a much longer distance upward through Earth—evidence that the neutrinos were changing identity as they zipped along. McDonald and colleagues worked deep in a mine in Canada at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory. They studied neutrinos from the sun, all of which start out as electron neutrinos, and showed that along the 150-million-kilometer trek to Earth, some of those neutrinos change into muon and tau neutrinos. The esoteric morphing proves neutrinos have mass, and physicists now study it in hopes of probing matters as fundamental as how the universe generated so much more matter than antimatter.


A game against the field is proposed that models the evolution of food‐hoarding behavior in a group‐living species, like many members of the family Paridae (Aves, Passeriformes). The model predicts that no special retrieval mechanisms (e.g., memory) are necessary for food‐hoarding individuals to invade a population of nonhoarders, as long as the winters are very severe. Once food hoarding is established in a population, having smaller groups and separating foraging niches between group members prevent cheaters from benefiting from other individuals' caches. A scenario is proposed for the evolution of hoarding in the Paridae.


As China's largest river basin, the Yangtze River Basin has the most mega reservoir groups worldwide. To protect the entire basin, the Central Government developed a system of joint operations of key reservoir groups in the Yangtze River Basin. This paper examines this joint operation system from a legal perspective and discusses its implementation as well as the challenges in practice. The following issues impede the effective implementation of the joint operation system: a lacking legal basis for the system, limitations related to the organizations that participate in the joint operations, limitations on the scope and objects of the joint operation system, and a lacking systematic structure for operation. This paper offers suggestions to improve the system.


We report a case of infected nonunion secundary to an open femoral fracture type III C, treated by the process of distraction osteogenesis. A 32-years-old male patient presented a gunshot open fracture of the distal right femur with arterial injury. Surgical debridement, external fixation and arterial reparation were made as urgent procedure. The patient developed a femoral infected nonunion, so after 24 months of evolution wide resection is performed leaving a 12 cm bone defect that is regenerated by distraction osteogenesis. Distraction osteogenesis is a useful procedure for the repair and consolidation of several bone defects. It requires a patient who is committed to a demanding therapeutic process.


A modified Nordic diet, developed by Igelosa Life Science AB, was tested in a clinical pilot study including ten individuals with type 2 diabetes during two weeks. The diet was based on locally pro ...


Background: Local anesthetics administered as regional nerve blocks are utilized in providing postoperative pain relief in many surgical procedures by blocking signal traffic to the dorsal horn. Certain drugs like opioids, alpha2 adrenergic agonist, sodium bicarbonate, neostigmine, adrenaline, ketamine etc. are used as adjuvant to local anesthetics to lower doses of each agent and enhance analgesic efficacy while reducing the incidence of adverse reactions. Clonidine is a selective alpha 2 adrenergic agonist with some alpha 1 agonist property. In clinical studies, the addition of clonidine to local anesthetic solutions improved peripheral nerve blocks by reducing the onset time, improving the efficacy of the block during surgery and extending postoperative analgesia. In clinical studies, the addition of clonidine to local anesthetic solutions improved peripheral nerve blocks by reducing the onset time, improving the efficacy of the block during surgery and extending postoperative analgesia. Clonidine possibly enhances or amplifies the sodium channel blockade action of local anesthetics by opening up the potassium channels resulting in membrane hyper polarization, a state in which the cell is unresponsive to excitatory input. Material and methods: Present study was carried to evaluate efficacy of injection clonidine (150 μg) as adjuvant to supraclavicular brachial plexus block (30 ml lignocaine adrenaline 1.5%, 10 ml bupivacaine 0.5%) in adult patients (ASA Grade I and II). Patients of both groups were assessed in terms of: Onset time of sensory blockade, Onset time of motor blockade, Perioperative hemodynamic status, Duration of post-operative analgesia, Time of 1 st rescue analgesia, Adverse effects of drugs if any. Prajapati J, Parmar H. Comparative study of supraclavicular axillary nerve block with or without clonidine as an adjuvant. IAIM, 2015; 2(12): 39-44. Page 40 Results: The mean time of onset of sensory and motor block was significantly lower in Group B compared to Group A. Mean duration of motor block and sensory block were significantly longer in Group B than in Group A. Mean time for analgesic requirement for Group B was 11.85 ± 1.54 hours and it was significantly longer than that in Group A (5.62 ± 0.358) hours (p <0.05). No incidence of nausea, vomiting, hypotension, tachycardia or bradycardia was observed in any group. One patient in Group B had pulse rate <60/min which was clinically not significant and did not require treatment. No incidence of decline in SPO2 perioperatively. Conclusion: When clonidine 150 μg is added to local anesthetic solution in supraclavicular brachial plexus block, it provides rapid onset of block, better analgesia, good hemodynamic stability and profound and longer analgesia without any adverse effects. Clonidine is a good adjuvant to local anesthetic agent for brachial plexus block via supraclavicular approach for various upper limb surgeries.


The rational use of the tractors and their attachés in the agricultural processes is the biggest potential of fuel saving and contamination decrease. The Ministry of Higher Education dedicates 532 000 liters of diesel a year in this sphere. The appropriate administration of the tractors parks and their attachés in an entity allows an efficient administration of the tractor as an energy source. By using CeMaq software, tractors parks and their attachés are analyzed as well as the activities carried out at university and research centers. The determination of the fuel consumption indexes in activities and equipment will be fundamental for decision making regarding an efficient energy administration in this sector. In the Superior Education Ministry, fuel is distributed in three main sectors: 55% for service, 28% for cattle and 17% for agriculture. The service sector is the most important for energy management and weed elimination is its main activity.


The effect of three levels thinning intensity in Gmelina arborea plantation on tree diameter, heartwood (diameter and percentage), wood density and drying defects (twist, crook, bow and check) was studied. Wood used for this study was obtained from eight-year-old plantations with thinning intensity of 60, 70 and 80% of initial density. Nine trees were selected from each trial. Results showed that tree diameter and wood density were similar in thinning intensity of 70 and 80%, but tree diameter from the plantation with 60% of thinning intensity was lower than plantation of 70 and 80%. Wood density of trees from 60% thinning intensity plantation was higher than 70 and 80%. Heartwood diameter and its percentage were the highest in 80% of thinning intensity. But not difference was found between 60 and 70% in heartwood (diameter and percentage). Finally, drying defects were not affected significantly by thinning intensity.


Financial innovation is the primary way to financial structure promotion and important force for financial development,mainly embodied by financial instrument innovation,financial institution innovation and financial system innovation.In such financial fields as banking system,securities market,foreign exchange market and financial derivative market,etc.organizational models and function value of relevant financial entities have changed,the activities of financial innovation have some influence on monetary policy with different means and ways.This has resulted in a more diversified and more complex economic and financial environment,which is depended by money operation,and meanwhile the effectiveness of monetary policy is facing challenge.In order to exert the positive role of financial innovation on monetary policy into great play,it's necessary to rationally develop financial innovation,quickening the central bank monetary policy regulating system reform with other supplementary macro economic policies to be made.


Background: The origins and spatio-temporal dynamics of the HIV-1 subtype B and CRF01_AE clades are largely unknown in Iran. Objectives: This study investigates the origins and spatio-temporal dynamics of HIV-1 subtype B and CRF01_AE clades workers and intravenous drug users. The findings of our study highlight the need for the further development of targeted preventive strategies, such as educational interventions, aimed at tourists, truck drivers, and people involved in international trade and transactions in order to prevent the onward transmission of disease.


In order to shorten the time of fault detection of integrated navigation system and improve it's accuracy,this paper researched unscented Kalman filter( UKF) based on the theory of residual chi-square test,and presented improved UKF based on the hybrid filter. It divided the time update into two stages,to use the linear equation of state to get the one step prediction and generated the Sigma points according to the value,the one step prediction of measured value could be calculated by summing the weights of Sigma points,so it reduced the calculation. It did the fault detection using the improved algorithm and standard UKF in the GPS / INS integrated navigation models which contained faults. Simulation results show that the improved algorithm can detect the fault more quickly and improve the stability of the navigation system. The improved UKF plays an important role in the engineering applications.


Non-aerospace industries from automobiles to consumer electronics are using product platform concepts to accelerate product development. By planning and developing a series of products based on similar architectures, firms can reuse hardware, software, and manufacturing processes to provide a wide range of products, at lower costs and with shorter development cycles. The nature of spacecraft systems creates special technical, strategic, economic, and organizational challenges for implementing product platforms. The low volume, extreme operating environments, long development cycles, short technology cycles, and the nature of government space programs make it difficult for the space industry to benefit from product platform concepts. However, several aerospace organizations are implementing avionics platforms with significant technical, cost, and strategic benefits. This paper discusses the potential strategic benefits of product platform concepts applied to spacecraft avionics.


abstract:This article highlights important aspects of the reception of Milton's work in Portugal between the year 1789, when the first translation of Paradise Lost was published, and c. 1850, when the Portuguese "liberal" regime achieved consolidation. Close textual analysis of translations of Paradise Lost as well as of Areopagitica is complemented by an examination of the social and ideological context. Finally, the article draws a parallel with the situation in Spain in the same period and suggests a comparative study of the reception of Milton in the two countries by raising various research questions.


Fluoromethylene cyanate ester resins are new and unique in the class of cyanate ester resins in that they are the only members of the class based on aliphatic monomer structures. This fluoraliphatic character gives them a correspondingly unique set of physical properties, as might be expected from a consideration of the variable lengths of fluoromethylene sequences that are incorporated into the resin structure (see Figure 2.1). Pushed to the extreme, one might envision a thermoset form of polytetrafluoroethylene, i.e., a resin with physical properties comparable to PTFE and processing characteristics of a good thermoset. Our interest in this resin system is focused on its merit as a very low-dielectric, easily processible thermoset system for microelectronic and electromagnetic transmission applications. We began work on this system in 1994, and what follows is a summary of its syntheses and properties.


The Incremental Sheet Forming (ISF) is a process, which can transform a flat metal sheet in a 3D complex part using a hemispherical tool. The final geometry of the product is obtained by the relative movement between this tool and the blank. The main advantage of that process is that the cost of the tool is very low compared to deep drawing with rigid tools. The main disadvantage is the very low velocity of the tool and thus the large amount of time to form the part. Classical contact algorithms give good agreement with experimental results, but are time consuming. A Simplified Approach for the contact management between the tool and the blank in ISF is presented here. The general principle of this approach is to imposed displacement of the nodes in contact with the tool at a given position. On a benchmark part, the CPU time of the present Simplified Approach is significantly reduced compared with a classical simulation performed with Abaqus implicit.


The hydrogenation catalysts DN 200 and DN 3551 were presulfurized by wet sulfurizing process in a 1.0Mt/a hydrofining unit of Jinxi Petrochemical Company.The results showed that after using DN 3551,the sulfur content in the productions of diesel and gasoline could meet the European Ⅲ and EuropeanⅤstandards respectively.The desulfurization rates of diesel and gasoline were 95.41%,99.95% respectively under the condition of production load of 110.6t/h.The denitrification effect of DN 3551 was better than that of original catalyst DN 3110,its denitrification rate was 6.4 percentage points higher than that of the latter.


Abstract Based on the calculated values of four parameters in the Richards function that described the nitrogen release from coated urea at several constant temperatures, the following assumptions were made for estimating the parameters when the temperature changes. (1) The maximum amount released (N) and the curve shape parameter (d) are constant regardless of the temperature. (2) The rate constant (k) follows the Arrhenius equation, which is represented by the rate constant at 25°C (ks ) and the apparent activation energy (Ea ) fixed for all the fertilizers. (3) The time to the inflection point (ti ), corresponding to the time to the point where the maximum amount of nitrogen releases per unit time, is obtained by using the other parameters (d, k). When these assumptions were used, the average standard error of fitting was 1.6%. This result indicates that nitrogen release from coated urea at various temperatures can be described using three parameters (N, d, ks ) and a constant (Ea ). The nitrogen release characteristics of a certain type of coated urea could be described using only two release parameters (d, ks ), because N was approximately equal to the nitrogen content of the fertilizer. Therefore, the Richards function enables to estimate the nitrogen release from coated urea more exactly and more simply than the Bertalanffy function, which had been used until now. In addition, the release parameters were investigated using two simulation models. The fluctuation model implied that d indicates the complexity of the release process. The hole model supported the close relationship observed among three parameters (d, k, ti ) and suggested a mechanism for nitrogen release.


This invention provides a transmission scheme for mobile and intelligent communication system, in which RF of RF signals in different frequencies are transmitted on one or several optical fibers at the same time, that is to say to realize FDM on optical fibers, so as to realize avaibability of optical fiber by FDM theory to realize low cost, easy enlarging of capacitance and big bandwidth.


The indirect Enzyme-Labeled Antibody (ELA) hog cholera test has been successfully tested on a 640-sample, computer-coded serum tank. A greater than 99 percent correlation with the hog cholera serum neutralization test was observed. A successful field trial of the ELA hog cholera test was carried out. The serum factor present in packinghouse swine responsible for the high level of false positive ELA trichinosis reaction has been localized. This factor appears to be immunologically nonspecific. Investigation of the properties of various enzyme substrates has been done. Design for fabrication of preprototype, semiautomatic equipment has been completed.


Despite of its reduced population number and small area, the Netherlands is one of the top countries in terms of trade and FDI. The aim of this article is to present its trade, FDI flows and to highlight some of the advantages that the country has in the mentioned fields. Even though it was hit by the economic crisis, the state recovered fast and, since 2009, maintained a positive trend to its foreign trade and FDI. Moreover, because it has a stable economic environment and a professional labour force, foreign investors are eager to start investing in businesses in this country.


Objective To evaluate the significance of the protein chip technology in the diagnosis of tuberculosis.Method Three antibodies against mycobacteriun tuberculosis antigens(16 KDa,38 KDa and LAM) were detected in the serum samples from 319 cases of tuberculosis and 95 patients with non-tuberculosis diseases,and all cases were studied by PPD-test.Results The sensitivity of PPD test was 55.8% in TB,while the specificity was 62.3%.The protein chip technology showed a sensitivity of 60.5%,with a specificity of 95.8%.The difference between pulmonary tuberculosis group and extrapulmonary tuberculosis group was not significant(P0.05),while the difference between pulmonary tuberculosis group and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis group was significany(P0.05).A combination of both tests showed a positive rate of 74.9%.Compared with PPD test or the protein chip technology,the positive rate of the combined measurement of two methods was significantly higer than PPD test or the protein chip technology.Conclusion The protein chip technology has high specificity.Combined measurement of protein chip technology and PPD test leads to an increase in the diagnostic accuracy of TB.


The molecular spectroscopy properties of octa-carboxylic phthalocyanine aluminum(AlC8Pc) were studied.A novel method of fluorescence quenching for the determination of Cu2+ base on near-infrared fluorochrome(NIRF) of AlC8Pc(the maximum excitation and emission wavelengths at 624nm and 698 nm) was established.The effect factors were optimized.Under the optimum conditions,(pH 4.5,AlC8Pc concentration of 5.0×10-6 mol L-1,reaction time of 5 min and reaction temperature at room temperature) the linear range of the calibration curve for the determination of Cu2+ is from 2.5×10-6 mol·L-1~3.0×10-5 mol·L-1,with a correlation coefficient(R) of 0.9974.The limit of detection(3σ) is 8.3×10-7 mol·L-1.The method was applied for the determination of Cu2+ in real water samples.


In this paper, we present a resolution-based calculus R CTL for Computational Tree Logic (CTL) as well as details about an implementation of that calculus in the theorem prover CTL-RP. The calculus R CTL requires a transformation of an arbitrary CTL formula to an equi-satisfiable clausal normal form formulated in an extension of CTL with indexed formulae. The calculus itself consists of a set of resolution rules which can be used as the basis for an EXPTIME decision procedure for the satisfiability problem of CTL. We give a formal semantics for the clausal normal form, provide proofs for the soundness and completeness of the resolution rules, discuss the complexity of decision procedure based on R CTL , and present an approach to implementing the calculus R CTL using first-order techniques.


In the new standards for WLAN security, many choices exist for the authentication process. In this paper, we list eight desired properties of WLAN authentication protocols, survey eight recent authentication protocols, and analyze the protocols according to the desired properties.


Techniques for efficiently sending channel state information using differential encoding are described. Differential encoding may be performed across space, across frequency, across space and frequency, across space, frequency and time, or across some other combination of dimensions. In one design, spatial state information may be determined for multiple spatial channels on multiple subbands. The spatial channels may correspond to different antennas, different precoding vectors, etc. Channel quality indicator (CQI) values may be obtained for the multiple spatial channels on the multiple subbands. The CQI values may be differentially encoded across the multiple spatial channels and the multiple subbands to obtain differential CQI information. In another design, CQI values may be obtained for multiple spatial channels on the multiple subbands in multiple time intervals and may be differentially encoded across space, frequency and time. The differential CQI information and the spatial state information may be sent as feedback.


The reaction of Hagemann's ester andan electrophile can occur theoretically at C-1, C-3, C-5, andC-2' positions (Fig. 1). As an example, however, it has beengenerally accepted that the site preference for alkylation wasC-3, the resulting C-3-alkyl derivatives often being accom-panied by small amounts of the C-1-alkyl products.


This paper explores efficient 3G budget utilization in mobile participatory sensing applications. 1 Distinct from previous research work that either rely on limited WiFi access points or assume the availability of unlimited 3G communication capability, we offer a more practical participatory sensing system that leverages potential 3G budgets that participants contribute at will, and uses it efficiently customized for the needs of multiple participatory sensing applications with heterogeneous sensitivity to environmental changes. We address the challenge that the information of data generation and WiFi encounters is not a priori knowledge, and propose an online decision making algorithm that takes advantage of participants' historical data. We also develop a heuristic algorithm to consume less energy and reduce the storage overhead while maintaining efficient 3G budget utilization. Experimental results from a 30-participant deployment demonstrate that, even when the budget is as small as 2.5% of a popular data plan, these two algorithms achieve higher utility of uploaded data compared to the baseline solution, especially, they increase the utility of received data by 151.4% and 137.8% for those sensitive applications.


The main objective of this paper is to develop certain type of fractional integral inequalities using generalized proportional fractional integral operator.


Content-Centric Network (CCN) is next generation internet communication technology to provide existing internet communication paradigm as content based communication for efficient use various information in the Internet. Therefore, unlike existing internet communication technology, which focus on host based communication process, all of resource is defined as contents in CCN. Moreover it focuses on purpose of communication for using information. CCN communicate with between routers through broadcast flooding method in their network environments. This characteristic of CCN is not considering increasing network traffic about each of CCN routers. Therefore, when the requesters are rapidly increased to particular CCN router, network congestion may be occurred by broadcast traffic. Moreover, this characteristic of CCN has low turnaround time about user request due to reducing performance of network system. To resolve this problem, this paper proposes a traffic aware routing protocol for congestion avoidance in CCN. The proposed routing protocol considers rapidly increasing traffic in the situation and establishes another routing path to avoid increasing traffic problem in CCN.


The paper discusses objections against performance characterization of vision algo rithms and explains their motivation Short and long term arguments are given which overcome these objections The methodology for performance characterization is sketched to demonstrate the feasibility of empirical testing of vision algorithms


We investigated Heusler-type Ru2VAl, a candidate material for next-generation thermoelectric conversion, by first-principle calculations of its thermoelectric conversion properties and direct experimental observations of its electronic structures, employing photoemission and infrared spectroscopy. Our results show that Ru2VAl has a wider pseudogap near the Fermi level compared to Fe2VAl. Accordingly, a higher thermoelectric conversion performance can be expected in Ru2VAl at higher temperatures.


The incidence of occupational eczema is a socially significant problem due to the high prevalence among the working-age population, low detection of early stages. Determination of signs of transformation into professional eczema will prevent the development of severe, common forms and frequent relapses of the disease.


Different locomotion approaches have been developed for different cases, working environments and distinctive competencies and not to be applicable for all purposes. For the developer it is hard and cost intensive to find the right way to build such a locomotion system for distinctive requisitions which should fulfill predefined requirements or to define the locomotion type of the robot intended to be developed. In most cases it ends up with re-inventing already existing solutions. This shows the need for a tool where the requirements get sorted and tool guides the user for the right research method and efficient use of the variables and resources to build in-pipe locomotion solution. In this paper the development stages of in-pipe robot locomotion will be discussed, variables will be defined and analyzed that are to be used as inputs of the technique and the cases of usage or the situation of the in-pipe inspection robot's development will be assessed. Then possible variations and outcomes will be analyzed as well as technique will be offered as an example of Open Innovation action for an optimized social impact of robotics.


Objective: To investigate the effect of reconstructing massive bone defect with cryopreserved vascularized long bone allograft.Methods:32 rabbits divided into three groups were evaluated.Allotransplantation of cryopreserved radius diaphysis with a vascular pedicle was performed in 12 rabbits(group A).As controls,similar cryopreserved grafts with the vascular pedicles were implanted to other 12 rabbits and Immunosuppressive agent was administrated postoperatively for 4 weeks (group B).8 rabbits received allotransplantation of fresh vascularized long bone were also compared (group C)postoperatively.Radiograph was taken for each graft at 2?4?8?12 weeks.Immunological analysis was performed using spontaneous lymphoblast transformation rate(SLTR) and IL-2 assay.At sacrifice,12 weeks after operation,the patency of the pedicle was observed through Chinese-ink infusing and histological studies were done.Results In group A and B,bony union can be obtained at both osteosynthesis sites by 12 weeks post transplantation.While in group C,bony union only occurred at proximal osteosynthesis site in one case,but with apparent delay.The ratio of SLTR between group A and untransplantation group,ratio of SLTR between group B and untransplantation group is below 2 respectively.The changes of IL-2 in group C were maximal and the difference between group A and group B reached significante difference statistically( P0.01) ,the statistical difference of the patency rate between group A and group B was not significant ( P0.05) .Histologic examination revealed new trabeculate crossing the graft recipient junction.Conclusions: Cryopreserved vascularized long bone allografts can reconstruct massive bone defects;cryopreservation combined with cyclosporine A has synergistic effect on reducing rejection response of revascularized long bone allograft.


We present findings from a study that investigates how people engage in self-tracking as they experience a major life transition. Using pregnancy as a case study, we inquired 41 pregnant women into how their pregnancies shaped their use and engagement with self-tracking tools as they transitioned into their pregnancies. Our study highlights some of the challenges that transitions place on self-tracking, including misalignments between one's past data and current realities, and ways of realising goals. We discuss these challenges and suggest ways in which self-tracking could better account for realities which consider changing lives, bodies and identities.


Characterizing Soviet society as a "repair society," the authors find the specificity of Soviet goods to lie in the routine requirement that the owner-user must first work on them to make them fully functional, accommodating the object to their needs and themselves to the object's idiosyncrasies.


Proximity-based biotinylation combined with mass spectrometry has emerged as a powerful approach to study protein interaction networks and protein subcellular compartmentation. However, low kinetics and the requirement of toxic chemicals limit the broad utilisation of current proximity labelling methods in living organisms. TurboID, the newly engineered promiscuous ligase, has been reported to label bait proteins effectively in various species. Here, we systematically demonstrated the application of TurboID-mediated biotinylation in a wide range of developmental stages and tissues, and we also verified the feasibility of TurboID-mediated labelling in desired cells via cell-type-specific GAL4 driver in Drosophila. Furthermore, using TurboID-mediated biotinylation coupled with mass spectrometry, we characterized the proximate proteome of the cytoophidium, a newly identified filamentous structure containing the metabolic enzyme CTP synthase (CTPS) in Drosophila. Our study demonstrates a referable tool and resource for research in subcellular compartments of metabolic enzymes in vivo.


In order to made the physical dimension of nuggets meet the needs of mechanical properties, the inverse design of welded joint is introduced. Based on the mechanical properties, the qualified nugget sizes are determined. According to these, the numerical model is created. Through simulated calculation, the current parameters can be determined. Three kinds of regular shape nugget are used to research the relation between the mechanical properties and nugget sizes. Based on the stress graph, the diameter of nugget and the penetration rate varying with the tension stress, the nugget shapes are evaluated, the one which the stress distribution is the most evenly and the stress concentration is the most little is selected. According to the physical dimension of the nugget, the current parameter curve used for forming nugget is simulated by finite element simulate method.


We wish to comment on the recent review by Riario-Sforza et al. [1] that provides an overview of key glycopyrronium bromide studies to date. The article includes comparative analyses between glycopyrronium bromide and tiotropium bromide (SPIRIVA®) from the "GLycopyrronium bromide in chronic Obstructive pulmonary disease airWays (GLOW)" trials, and between QVA149 (indacaterol maleate 110 μg/glycopyrronium 50 μg combination) and tiotropium bromide in the Phase III "Indacaterol and GlycopyrroNium bromide clInical sTudiEs (IGNITE)" clinical trial programme. While Riario-Sforza et al. detail the trials that contribute to the IGNITE clinical trial programme, the results from the "Effect of QVA149 Versus NVA237 and Tiotropium on COPD Exacerbations (SPARK)" [2] and "A Study to Assess the Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of Once-daily QVA149 in Patients With Moderate to Severe COPD (SHINE)" [3] studies are sparsely described. The SPARK trial [2] met its primary end point by demonstrating that patients treated with once-daily QVA149 for 64 weeks showed a clinically meaningful and statistically significant lower rate of moderate-tosevere COPD exacerbations compared with patients who were treated with once-daily glycopyrronium 50 μg (p = 0.038).[2] SPARK also showed that the rate of moderate-to-severe exacerbations was numerically, but not statistically significantly, lower (p = 0.096) in patients treated with QVA149 compared with open-label tiotropium.[2] For severe exacerbations, no advantage was shown versus tiotropium for either glycopyrronium (rate ratio [RR]: 1.43; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05– 1.97; significantly better for tiotropium, p = 0.025) nor QVA149 (RR: 1.16; 95% CI: 0.84–1.61; p = 0.36). In the 26-week SHINE trial,[3] the rate of moderate and severe exacerbations was similar for QVA149 (0.46 exacerbations per year) and tiotropium bromide (0.45 exacerbations per year). The SHINE trial also demonstrated that the percentage of patients with ≥1 moderate or severe exacerbation over the 26-week treatment period was similar for QVA149 (17.9%) and tiotropium bromide (17.7%), while the percentage of patients with severe exacerbations (requiring hospitalization) was higher with QVA149 (2.1%) than with tiotropium bromide (1.0%).[3] As acknowledged in the article, a core limitation of the described comparative analyses is the lack of a direct, blinded comparison between glycopyrronium and tiotropium. In GLOW2 [4] and GLOW4, [5] the tiotropium arm was open label, while the glycopyrronium and placebo arms were double blinded. Open-label designs can be subject to bias due to the subsequent introduction of potential bias in all patient-reported outcome measures. [4,5] The mixture of double-blind and open-label treatment arms can and may have influenced the results of these studies, and therefore any comparative efficacy results should be interpreted with caution. It should also be noted that in GLOW2,[4] all comparisons made between the two active treatment arms were a result of exploratory analyses, and so the trial was not powered to show any statistical superiority of glycopyrronium over tiotropium. Riario-Sforza et al. [1] additionally compare the onset of action of glycopyrronium versus tiotropium, describing it as "3–5 times faster for glycopyrronium," based on an in vitro calcium and rat tracheal strip assay.[6] However, the clinical relevance of in vitro information at some organ bath concentrations is Bernd Disse


When Fashion Meets Art By WILLIAM VAN METERMARCH 12, 2014 Extraits: "I don't know what to do until I meet them," the photographer Collier Schorr said of working with models. "Who are you? I'm going to take that picture." It was a late-February night, and Ms. Schorr was at the opening of "8 Women," her 10th exhibition at the 303 Gallery in Chelsea. Boyish in a plaid shirt and suit jacket, Alaia lace-ups and a men's vintage silver Rolex, she looked younger than her 50 years. Her slicked-back h...


During the operating of nuclear reactor, the applicable condition of point reactor neutron kinetics is changed by control rods bulk insertion and reactor lattice deviating from the critical state, The measurement of reactivity, with the increase of subcriticality, shows that the results impact on the kinetic distortion effect, along with prompt neutron flux strongly deteriorated. According to the diffusion theory about prompt neutron and delayed neutron, the theoretical analysis and application of point reactor neutron kinetics have been carried out to quantify the kinetic distortion correction factors in subcritical systems, and these indicate that prompt neutron distributions are strongly affected by kinetic distortion. With the self-developed Pulsed Neutron Source measurement system, subcriticality measurement in different configuration of control rods in the zero power reactor of Nuclear Power Institute of China was carried out. In this paper the reactivity of the deep subcritical system are obtained by experiment of Pulsed Neutron Source method, meanwhile, the bias between experiment results of the areas-ratio method and the characteristic decay constant method are analyzed by comparing the condition of the experiment and the theory model, the main factors inducing the bias are found, which supplies helpful reference for other similar design and experiment.Copyright © 2013 by ASME


Garrett Hardin Garrett Hardin is professor emeritus of human ecology at the Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106. He earned his B.S. in Zoology from the Univ. of Chicago in 1936 and his Ph.D. in Biology from Stanford Univ. in 1941. After four years with the Div. of Plant Biology at the Carnegie Institution of Washington, he joined U.C.S.B. in 1946, where he has remained except for several brief visiting professorships elsewhere. Hardin was the author of two noted articles, "The Tragedy of the Commons" (Science, 1968) and "Living on a Lifeboat" (BioScience, 1974). His most recent book is Filters Against Folly (Penguin, 1968). In 1975, NABT made Garrett Hardin an honorary member and in 1986 AIBS bestowed its Distinguished Service Award on him. Hardin is one of the founding members of Population-Environment Balance of Washington, D.C.


Although robot-to-human touch experiments have been performed, they have all used direct tele-operation with a remote controller, pre-programmed hand motions, or tracked the human with wearable trackers. This report introduces a project that aims to visually track and touch a person's face with a humanoid android using a single RGB-D camera for 3D pose estimation. There are three major components: 3D pose estimation, a touch sensor for the android's hand, and a controller that combines the pose and sensor information to direct the android's actions. The pose estimation is working and released under as open-source. A touch sensor glove has been built and we have begun work on creating an under-skin version. Finally, we have tested android face-touch control. These tests showed many hurdles that will need to be overcome, but also how convincing the experience already is for the potential of this technology to elicit strong emotional responses.


Abstract : The Pitch Reaction Wheel Electronics is a sealed unit used in the satellite attitude control system. This report describes the test conducted for qualification of the pitch reaction wheel in various controlled electrical and physical environments.


The three-dimensional galaxy distribution in the region of space surrounding the two rich clusters Coma and A1367 is analyzed by using a nearly complete redshift sample of 238 galaxies with mp < 15.0 in a 260 degree 2 region of the sky; 44 of these redshifts are reported here for the first time. We find that the two clusters are enveloped in a common supercluster which also contains four groups and a population of isolated galaxies. The least dense portions of the Coma/Al 367 supercluster have a density which is approximately 6 times that of the Local Supercluster in the regions of our own Galaxy. In front of the Coma/Al 367 supercluster we find eight distinct groups or clouds but no evidence for a significant number of isolated "field" galaxies. In addition, there are large regions of space with radii r > 20 A" Mpc where there appear to be no galaxies whatever. Since tidal disruption is probably responsible for the isolated component of supercluster galaxies, the observations suggest that all galaxies are (or once were) members of groups or clusters. A number of related topics with more general significance are also discussed. (1) The size-to-separation ratio for foreground groups indicates that the redshift of group formation is z ^ 9. (2) There is a general correlation between the volume mass density of a galaxy system and the morphologies of the component galaxies. (3) Finally, we speculate that all clusters of richness class * > 2 are located in superclusters. Subject headings: galaxies: clusters of — galaxies: redshifts


ABSTRACT Hygiene of Food equipment have a important role in growth and spread of the pathogenic organism. Food equipment must be maintained to avoid the contamination of germs such as Escherichia coli. The aim of this study was to analyze the hygiene sanitation condition of food processing and examination of Escherichia coli bacteria in food equipment in the cafeteria University of Sumatera Utara 2015. This study is a quantitative research . The study was conducted in 16 cafeteria at the University of Sumatera Utara. This study uses observation sheets to see the hygiene and sanitation of food and laboratory testing for the presence of Escherichia coli bacteria that will be meet with regulation in Kepmenkes No. 1098 / Menkes / SK / VII / 2003 The result of this research found conditions of hygiene and sanitation of food processing based on physical conditions of the location and the building, as well as the six principles of hygiene sanitation food was good but in terms of canteen facilities, the condition of the kitchen, dining room, and the building of foodstuffs as well as in the provision of food equipment to eat is still relatively poorly , There were 8 canteen that contained the bacteria Escherichia coli. It is recommended that food seller in University of Sumatera Utara should pay more attention canteen facilities, the condition of the kitchen, dining room, and building materials as well as in the provision of food equipment eat. The city health office Medan should conduct surveillance and health promotion regarding hygiene sanitation in the cafeteria University of Sumatera Utara Keywords: Sanitation, Hygiene, Tableware, Escherichia coli


What is the prognosis of bullous pemphigoid (BP)? The answer is critical to provide meaningful information to our patients. Unfortunately, the answer is confusing. The reported mortality of BP is much greater in Europe than in the US. Mortality 1 year after initiation of therapy ranges from 19% to 41% in Europe but is only 6%–12% in the US. This difference is supported by an increasing number of reports which are remarkably consistent in their observations, as summarized in Table I. Five European studies report the 1-year mortality as 19%, 29%, 30%, 40%, 41%, respectively; whereas three reports from the US report it as less than 6%, 11%, and 12%. In our own unpublished observations on 135 sequential BP patients treated in a tertiary referral center in New York City during the past decade, mortality at one year was less than 10%. Joly and his colleagues in this issue of the JID have offered several possibilities to explain this difference in outcome. These include differences in treatment, ethnic differences, age, study size, and patient selection bias. There is an obvious difference in treatment, as the majority of patients reported from Europe are hospitalized for treatment whereas this is the exception in the US. The immediate suspicion that complications of hospitalization is the cause for the higher mortality in Europe is, however, refuted by Garcia-Doval and colleagues who in this issue of the JID indicate that the greatest mortality in their patients occurred after hospital discharge. Other aspects of treating BP in Europe and the US are generally similar, and so do not provide a ready explanation for the differing mortality rates. Nor does difference in age provide a likely explanation for the higher mortality reported in Europe. The average age of patients in two European (Rzany et al, 2002; Garcia-Doval et al, 2005) and one American study (Colbert et al, 2004) is identical, i.e., 77 years. Nonetheless, mortality was still three to four times higher in the European studies. American studies are generally smaller than those conducted in Europe. However, the consistency of the reports, i.e., mortality in all European studies, is higher than in all American studies, and the clear nature of the end-point (death) suggest the reported differences between European and American studies are real. Ethnic differences as the cause for higher mortality in Europe cannot be formally refuted based on available data. This is, however, difficult to accept as the studies conducted in Europe (England, France, Germany, and Spain) and in the US (Boston, Cincinnati/Detroit, New York and Milwaukee) both span a wide range of nationalities and ethnicities. We suspect the most likely explanation for the differences in BP mortality between Europe and the US is a patient selection bias, as initially suggested by Korman (1998). The published evidence suggests that BP studies in Europe were conducted in patients who were generally sicker than those in the US, as was initially argued by Korman (1998). Whether this is because patients with more severe disease or comorbidities are not treated in tertiary medical centers in the US, as suggested by Joly et al (2005), or conversely because such patients are preferentially referred to tertiary centers in Europe as we suspect, the results will be the same—mortality will appear worse in Europe than the US because it is based on a subset of patients with BP who are sicker and/or have more comorbidities. Lastly, the true mortality of BP cannot be discerned from any of these studies, since none is adjusted for the expected mortality of age-matched patients with similar comorbidities.


The Green relations on semigroups have
been introduced by Howie [3]. They are right Green
relation , left Green relation and (two sided) Green
relation . The right Green relation is defined as

〈

〉
 , with
〈

〉
 denotes the right ideal
generated by an element (or called the principle
right ideal generated by . The definition of the left
Green relation and the Green relation are similar
to the definition of the right Green relation. In this
paper we will construct the definition of the fuzzy right
Green relation (denoted by
), the fuzzy left Green
relation (denoted by
) and the fuzzy Green relation
(denoted by
) on a semigroup. First we define a
fuzzy ideal (right/left) generated by a fuzzy subset (a
fuzzy principle ideal) on a semigroup and their
examples. Based on the fuzzy principle ideal definition,
we define a fuzzy (right/left) Green relation on a
semigroup. The fuzzy subset and are fuzzy
(right/left) Green related if and only if the fuzzy
(right/left) ideal generated by is equal to the fuzzy
(right/left) ideal generated by .


The present invention is one kind of medicine for treating cerebral thrombus, cerebral angiosclerosis, apoplexy and hemiplegia and its preparation process, and belongs to the field of Chinese medicine technology. The medicine is prepared with 13 kinds of Chinese medicinal materials, including earthworm, leech, red sage, cassia twig, ledebouriella root, etc in certain weight proportion, and may be prepared into different orally taken medicine forms. It has the functions of calming liver, promoting blood circulation to disperse blood clots, dredging meridian and others. It is used in treating said diseases, and has high curative effect.


The authors present a strategy for controlling symmetric systems. Given initial and final states of the full system, we find the corresponding outputs and derivatives of outputs for each state and then find a smooth curve y(t) that connects them while respecting the required differential inequalities. Then by restricting one of the relevant equations to the invariant coordinates of the reduced symmetric system, we find the desired trajectory of the reduced system which we can track because of the full actuation of that system. The final issue we address is the implementation of this strategy in such as way as to compensate for uncertainty in the details of the system. The part of this problem corresponding to the control of the reduced system is an extension of work done by the authors (1996) that show that for mechanical systems an arbitrary smooth and bounded trajectory can be asymptotically tracked to arbitrary accuracy using a dynamic feedback controller that does not require explicit knowledge of the inertial or potential properties of the system and also requires only measurement of the configuration of the system and not of velocities or momenta. This latter item is of substantial practical importance since in many applications, such as robotics, position sensors built into the apparatus provide accurate configuration information, but velocity measurements are typically of poor quality if available at all.


A detailed analysis of 2D μ -Raman mapping of refractive index variation ( Δn ) induced by femtosecond filament in the bulk of a ternary (Ge-Ga-S) chalcogenide glass is presented. The results demonstrate strong structural modifications. S 3 Ga-GaS 3 ethane like units are transformed into triclusters of Ga/S. Also the decrease of the population of GeS 4/2 tetrahedrons implies the formation of mixed triclusters T/S where T=Ga and/or Ge. Finally, the refractive index variation is correlated to the structural modifications.


Summary

To investigate the relationship between aroma delivery and perception, low-fat (LF) (0.1 g per 100 mL) and regular-fat (RF) (3.6 g per 100 mL) milk samples were prepared with the same amount of ethyl hexanoate. Sensory analysis was carried out using around ninety panellists (four replicates each) and simultaneous in vivo aroma delivery was measured for every sample. Panellists rated the fruity flavour intensity higher in LF samples using a paired comparison method (P < 0.0001, one-tailed test). In vivo delivery was expressed as the ratio between the maximum breath concentrations (Imax), measured in the LF and RF samples (i.e. Imax LF milk/Imax RF milk), to remove person-to-person variation. The sensory results were in accordance with differences in aroma delivery, with LF samples delivering nearly twice as much ethyl hexanoate as RF samples. Aroma content in LF samples was adjusted so that aroma delivery in vivo was the same for both LF and RF samples. In this case, panellists could not differentiate the samples, showing a good correlation between aroma delivery and perception.


Multiple myeloma (MM) is a B-cell proliferative disorder of monoclonal malignant plasma cells. It is the second most common hematologic malignancy in the United States, after non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Clinical manifestations of MM include osteolytic bone lesions, hypercalcemia, renal failure, anemia, recurrent infections, and neuropathy. Standard treatments for MM include the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, as well as lenalidomide, a thalidomide analog with immunomodulatory and antiangiogenic properties. Although the use of these two agents in combination with other therapies have significantly improved MM survival, the disease remains incurable. We previously developed a mouse/human chimeric antibody (ch128.1/IgG1) specific for human transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1). TfR1, also known as CD71, is a meaningful target for antibody-based cancer therapy, given its high expression on malignant cells and relevant role in cancer cell pathology. We have reported that treatment of SCID-Beige mice bearing disseminated human KMS-11, MM.1S, or MM.1R myeloma tumors with ch128.1/IgG1 results in significant antitumor activity in early and late disease stages. The mechanism of antitumor activity is Fc-mediated in which macrophages are considered to play a relevant role. Since combining multiple treatments with differing mechanisms of action is an effective antitumor strategy, and given the relevance of bortezomib and lenalidomide in MM therapy, we decided to explore, for the first time, the combination of these two agents with ch128.1/IgG1. We found that treatment with a single dose of ch128.1/IgG1, or multiple doses of bortezomib or lenalidomide used as single agents, results in significant antitumor activity in SCID-Beige mice bearing late stage disseminated human MM.1S tumors. However, this antitumor activity is superior when ch128.1/IgG1 was combined with bortezomib or lenalidomide, showing significantly longer survival compared to each therapy used alone. These results suggest that the addition of a ch128.1/IgG1 therapy arm in a combinatorial treatment regimen involving bortezomib and/or lenalidomide is a promising strategy against human B-cell malignancies such as MM. Citation Format: Pierre V. Candelaria, Miguel Nava, Otoniel Martinez-Maza, Tracy R. Daniels-Wells, Manuel L. Penichet. Combination therapy with an antibody specific for transferrin receptor 1 (ch128.1/IgG1) and bortezomib or lenalidomide results in increased survival in an in vivo model of human multiple myeloma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 4436.


ON THE inorning of Tuesday, January 18, 1898, I was called to see baby E., aged 14 months. Upon arrival, I found the child in his crib presenting a picture of anemia, with considerable lassitude. I learned upon questioning the parents that the baby had not been feeling perfectly well for a few days past, that the same inorning he had been down stairs, sat in his high chair at the breakfast table and was playful; it was evident to the parents, however, that the child was ailing. I also learned that the little one had been a sufferer from chronic constipation almost since birth, and for the past few days the bowels had been exceptionally sluggish and slow in responding to laxatives. The father, who is a physi cian, had given the matter attention and had washed out the bowels and administered purgatives. The temperature was 99^°; pulse, 150; respiration, 42. The child was very anemic, but allowance had to be made because his natural color was very pale, his skin and hair fair. Owing to the acceleration of the respiration, I made a careful examination of his chest, but with a negative result, the lungs were perfectly clear, normal vesicular breathing in all parts; the cardiac sounds were smooth and well-balanced, the abdomen was soft and relaxed, the organs were easily palpated; no tympany. My attention was called to a stool the parents had saved; it was formed, dark green in color, but not of an offensive odor. I concluded my patient was suffering from some form of toxemia, and it was my belief that the torpidity of the bowels was responsible for it. I learned that the child had been absolutely breast-fed until about two months


The mine water produced in the process of coal mining is an important water resource in the mining area. If it is not treated and discharged directly, it will not only cause the waste of water resources but also lead to serious environmental pollution. Aiming at the problems of complex operation, low reuse efficiency, high cost, insufficient data collection and analysis in the current mine water reuse system, this paper proposes a mine water treatment system based on Internet of Things architecture, and uses genetic algorithm to process and optimize mine water data. In order to improve the reuse efficiency of mine water, this paper establishes a reuse model aiming at the minimum reuse time and cost, and uses genetic algorithm to calculate a reasonable scheduling scheme. This paper takes the water quality and quantity of Nalinhe No.2 mine as the research objective and analyzes and compares the reuse situation under different dispatching schemes. The research results show that the mine water reuse cost is reduced by 6.13% under the optimization of genetic algorithm, and the mine water reuse efficiency is increased by 2.99%, which verifies the effectiveness of the optimization scheme.


e24160Background: The degree of tumor infiltration by CD8 T cells is associated with favorable outcomes to immunotherapy. Biopsies to assess T cell infiltration are invasive and may not capture het...


The length of chain segment motion needed for the crystallization of guttapercha from rubbery state was found to be around 180 CC bonds of the backbone chain. Thus, the crystallization process from the rubbery state or from the melt is not through chain folding, and the solidification model is a more appropriate physical picture of the process.


Opioid addiction being one of the menace of modern world and is prevelant in every part of it. The Author has described the sociodemographic profile of Opioid addiction in north India, which is one of the places where it is quite common and has compared the different treatment modalites for treating the Opioid withdrawal symptoms. The importance of treating the Opioid withdrawal symptoms is based on the fact that the addicts in most instances continue to consume Opioids just to avoid these symptoms.


Chronodisruption deteriorates the health and wellbeing of shift workers. Artificial light at night and the lack of light during the day are major contributors to chronodisruption and need to be optimized in shift work scenarios. Here, we present one solution for a lighting and automation system in an industrial production workplace. The setting is a rapidly rotating shift work environment with morning, evening, and night shifts. We describe a procedure to specify the new lighting through a software-agnostic nonvisual lighting simulation for artificial and daylighting scenarios. Through this process, a new luminaire is created, called Drosa, that allows for a large melanopic stimulus range between 412 and 73 lx melanopic equivalent daylight (D65) illuminance vertically at eye level, while maintaining a neutral white illuminance at task level between 1250 and 900 lx, respectively. This is possible through a combination of glare-free spotlights with adjustable areal wing lights. An individually programmed automation system controls the light dosage and timing during the day and night. The work is relevant for other shift work scenarios, where the presented example and the discussed rationale behind the automation might provide insights. The work is further relevant for other lighting scenarios beyond industrial shift work, as the nonvisual lighting simulation process can be adapted to any context.


Background: Cure rates of H. pylori infection, using dual therapy with omeprazole and amoxycillin, vary considerably and the efficacy of retreatment with this regimen in the case of initial failure is controversial. Therefore, we conducted a large prospective double‐blind randomized trial, studying the efficacy of low vs. high dose omeprazole in dual therapy and of early retreatment with the same regimens.


Uncomplicated acute diverticulitis is conventionally treated with antibiotics. Emerging evidence has suggested a non-antimicrobial approach in systemically well patients is a safe alternative strategy. Our aim was to assess adherence to national (NICE) & international (WJES) guidelines for uncomplicated cases.

 Data was gathered from PACS imaging & discharge summaries retrospectively (1st October 2020–1st March 2021).The inclusion criteria was: CT confirmed cases of modified Hinchey stage 0 or 1a. The cohort was stratified into systemically well or unwell based on: admission CRP <150, observation score <2 (NICE sepsis stratification), immunocompetance status & Charlson score <3, as evidenced in the literature.

 There were 48 patients included (female 29 vs male 19). The number of systemically well patients was 32 (67%) & unwell 16 (33%). Compliance to guidance 1 (NICE) - 'systemically well & therefore no antibiotics', was low with only 2/32 (6%) patients. Of the remaining, 14/30 (47%) were given intravenous antibiotics. Compliance to guidance 2 (NICE) - 'systemically unwell & therefore oral antibiotics', was 4/16 (25%) with the remaining majority of 12/16 (75%) treated with intravenous form. The median number of inpatient nights was 1.48 (well: 1.28 vs unwell: 1.88).

 The majority of patients with uncomplicated diverticulitis were systemically well. Compliance with guidelines on antimicrobial strategy was low. The incorporation of a risk stratification tool as demonstrated, allows for identification of patients that be discharged (with ambulatory follow up) after assessment. CT scans should be reviewed by radiologists with a multidisciplinary discussion on the most appropriate antimicrobial strategy.


This paper describes a nonlinear stabilizing control scheme for generator and simulator test results to verify effects of the proposed control system on improvement of power system stability. In order to improve the stability in a wide range operating condition, nonlinear control schemes for generators have been proposed. The authors have confirmed the effect of the nonlinear controller by digital simulation. Then, the generator control system was designed using an exact linearization approach toward a one machine-infinite bus model, and the use of a digital signal processor (DSP) as an external controller enabling realization of a nonlinear control block diagram by software. Furthermore to evaluate the dynamic performance of this controller for nonlinear operating points, simulator tests were performed using a real-time digital simulator (RTDS). The effect of the nonlinear control was compared with the effect of (/spl Delta/P+/spl Delta//spl omega/) input type conventional linear PSS.


The Paso del Norte (PDN) Bridge is without doubt one of the busiest cross-border footpaths along the United States-Mexico border and is expected to continue dominating total pedestrian cross-border crossings in El Paso over the next decades. The bridge connects the United States and Mexico in a location conveniently central to both El Paso and Ciudad Juarez and supports the economic development of both communities. On the other hand, long queues and protracted wait times have become a substantial issue for cross-border travelers. Though it is likely that a primary cause for this might be the inordinate amount of time waiting to cross the border, the causes may also include many other factors, such as security issues, Mexican peso devaluations, and migration in response to violence. This paper serves as a resource document, and contributes toward understanding cross-border travel behavior decisions, with a focus on pedestrians crossing the PDN bridge. The paper examines the factors influencing their travel as well as the issues they have been facing, and then provides a conceptual framework to create a data inventory needed for a focused quantitative analysis. The improved understanding yielded from this research has potential application well beyond the geographic limits of this study: this research will be directly applicable to other cross-border bridges with pedestrian traffic along the United States-Mexico border and may be applicable indirectly to other borders, as well.


Different kinds of clays based on sodium montmorillonite have been modified i) by cationic exchange of alkylammonium ions and ii) by covalent grafting of organosilane. We have prepared organophilic clays with different gallery heights (due to alkylammonium ions with alkyl chain length varying from 8 to 18 carbon atoms) and with a specific functionalisation (due to the organosilane). We have generated organoclays with different kind of organic layer properties: ionically bonded or physically adsorbed alkylammonium ions and covalently grafted organosilane. These different organoclays have shown various specific behaviours when dispersed in monomers or in a reactive mixture, proving the influence of the surfactant on the nanocomposite final properties.


The reliance on experts' decision is considered a very efficient solution especially in case of ill-structured and vague decision making situations. This necessitates being able to identify the expert or experts group whose decision must be particularly assigned a greater weight or importance. This paper is concerned with a method of how to determine the weights of a group of expert decision makers, taking into account the vagueness associated with such evaluation.


In previous studies we have found that autistic children were severely impaired in conceptual role taking, that is, in their theory of mind. In this study we consider two possible precursors to this impairment, both of which are early interpersonal abilities. The first is perceptual role taking. A test of this revealed no impairment, ruling it out as related to the impairment in theory of mind. The second is pointing. This was shown to be abnormal, both in comprehension and production, relative to non-autistic controls. In particular, protodeclarative pointing was impaired whilst protoimperative pointing was not. The possibility that impaired protodeclarative pointing may be a precursor to autistic children's impaired theory of mind is discussed.


In view of the drastic reduction of wetland area, serious pollution, low efficiency of prior art and many factors, this paper proposes an autonomous obstacle avoidance unmanned boat system design for wetland monitoring. The system adopts D* algorithm and improved LOS guidance law to realize unmanned ship track control and global path planning, and combines Yolov3 algorithm for target recognition and partial data acquisition during navigation to achieve autonomous obstacle avoidance navigation. The sensor is used to collect the wetland environment information and upload it to the shore monitoring centre to complete the automatic data collection and monitoring of the wetland. The system can improve the efficiency and quality of wetland monitoring, reduce labor costs, and can be widely used in wetland monitoring automation, marine environment monitoring, and cloud service platforms.


virulence. Reye's Syndrome. II. Edited by JFS Crocker. New York, Grune & Stratton, 1979, p 443 15. Aprille JR, Austin J, Costello CE, Royal N: Identification of the Reye's syndrome "serum factor." Pediatr Res 14:628, 1980 16. Segalman TY, Lee CP: Effects of plasma from Reye's syndrome patients on mitochondrial calcium metabolism. Reye's Syndrome III Symposium, Detroit, Michigan, November 6, 7, 1980 17. Hurwitz E: U.S. national Reye's Syndrome surveillance (1974-1979). Reye's Syndrome III Symposium, Detroit, Michigan, Nov. 6, 7, 1980 18. Nelson DB, Sullivan-Bolyai JZ, Marks JS, Morens DM, Schonberger L: Opcit., Reye's Syndrome II, p 42 19. Haller J: Intracranial pressure monitoring in Reye's syndrome. Hosp Pract 15:101, 1980 20. Shapiro HM, Wyte SR, Laeser J: Barbiturate augmented hypothermia for reduction of persistent intracranial hypertension. J Neurosurg 40:90, 1974