AbstractThe "Cambridge Expedition to the East African Lakes" reached the shores of Lake Rudolf in March 1931, and spent two months making a survey in several branches of science. The main object was biological—that is, the collection of land and water fauna and flora; but to create a background for this study the personnel of the expedition was made up of a chemist, zoologist, geologist, and geographer. In setting about work of this sort in a region practically unknown and scientifically unexplored the first necessity is a map of the part to be worked. Collections cannot be made at random from any part of the shore-line; one region must be chosen as exemplifying one type, and that region must be worked in detail. Positions of the collecting grounds have to be marked on a largescale map, so that the correlation of types can be worked systematically from end to end of the chosen area. Water-soundings are a necessary preliminary to the study of aquatic contents, and these can only be inserted correctly on a ...


A new type of banknote-testing device was designed by computer-aided technology such as CAD/CAM and data simulation technology on the base of preserving traditional banknote-testing device functions.The visualized and parameterized design of the structure model has been finished for the new device.This work can increase the design efficiency and technologic level,shorten the manufacturing period,improve the product quality,and speeded up market course.


Fisher et al. recently published an interesting paper in your journal [Vox Sang. 49: 331-335 (1985)l suggesting that platelet suspensions made leukocyte-free by filtration do not seem to stimulate the production of lymphocytotoxic antibodies in end-stage renal patients. This is a preliminary result of great clinical importance, especially for the prevention of platelet refractoriness in leukemia and aplastic anemia. Your readers may be interested to know that the procedure for the preparation of leukocyte-free platelets by filtration through Imugard IG-500 was developed in my laboratory and reported in Vox Sang. 44: 1 15-1 20 (1 983), and that multicenter prospective clinical trials have been set up both in Italy and in Holland to evaluate the efficacy of leukocyte-free filtered red cell and platelet transfusions for preventing platelet refractoriness in leukemia patients.


In view of the problems such as low forging die knowledge utilization ratio and serious loss of knowledge resources,the forging die design knowledge was divided into five knowledge modules,and the knowledge management system available to forging die design was built based on J2EE platform. Furthermore knowledge was divided into six forms such as data,rule,et al,of which the knowledge expressing methods were brought forward respectively.The knowledge acquisition ways were developed from two aspects: deep knowledge and shallow knowledge.A generalized knowledge base was built,which integrates data and knowledge,normal data processing and knowledge-based data processing.At last the integration and fusion models of knowledge management system and CAX automatic design system were constituted for forging die design.


Introduction: Management of unruptured intracranial aneurysms remains controversial in neurosurgery. The contribution of morphological parameters has been gradually included in the treatment paradigm. Smoking is associated with increased risk of cerebral aneurysm formation and rupture, but the effect of smoking on morphological features of an aneurysm is unclear. We present a large sample of aneurysms that were assessed using morphological variables to investigate how smoking status affects the parameters associated with aneurysm rupture. Methods: Pre-operative CT angiograms (CTA) were evaluated with 3D Slicer© to generate three-dimensional models of the aneurysms and surrounding vascular architecture. Morphological parameters examined in each model included aneurysm volume, size, aspect ratio, aneurysm angle, flow angle, size ratio, and parent-daughter angle. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed to determine statistical significance. Results: From 2006-2010, 114 ruptured and 89 unruptured aneurysms were treated in a single institution, including 72 anterior communicating artery aneurysms, 79 middle cerebral artery aneurysms, and 52 internal carotid artery aneurysms. Ruptured aneurysms were associated with greater aspect ratio and size ratio, larger aneurysm angle, and smaller parent-daughter angle (p Conclusion: Aspect ratio, aneurysm angle, and parent-daughter angle have a greater association with aneurysm rupture than size. Smoking status does not affect parameters related to the vascular architecture (i.e. aneurysm angle and parent-daughter angle), but is associated with increased aspect ratio and smaller size in ruptured aneurysms.


Copyrights and trademarks apply. Contents represents the opinion of Auspex Systems Inc. and includes accurate information as far as can be determined at the time of publication. Auspex is not responsible for inaccuracies resulting from changing technologies. ClearCase is a registered trademark of Rational Software Corporation. EMC and Symmetrix are registered trademarks and HighRoad, Celerra and SAN are trademarks of EMC Corporation. IBM, Tivoli and OS/2 are registered trademarks and SANergy is a trademark of International Business Machines Corporation. Auspex NetServers were designed with a more strict definition of " Scalable " ..


PURPOSE
To evaluate contrast sensitivity under mesopic conditions in patients who had undergone uncomplicated excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for myopia.

METHODS
Monocular contrast sensitivity function was measured with the Stereo Optical F.A.C.T. chart in 26 patients who had received PRK using the Nidek EC-5000 excimer laser system. Mean preoperative refractive error was -6.23 +/- 1.69 D (range, -4.00 to -8.25 D); postoperatively, mean refractive error was -0.36 +/- 0.58 D (range, -0.75 to +0.50 D). Contrast sensitivity function was measured 6 months after surgery using four different chart luminances: 85, 5.0, 2.5, and 0.1 cd/m2, the first being a photopic level and the rest mesopic. A control group of eight emmetropic subjects was also studied to allow comparison of results for statistical purposes.

RESULTS
Logarithmic values of contrast sensitivity at each spatial frequency were used for statistical analysis and normalized values were used for graphical representation. The results showed a statistically significant reduction (P < .01) in contrast sensitivity for the PRK patients in comparison with the control group under mesopic conditions for each spatial frequency tested (1.5, 3, 6, 12, and 18 c/deg), although no significant contrast sensitivity differences were observed between PRK and control groups at the photopic (85 cd/m2) level (P > .01 for all frequencies).

CONCLUSION
Photorefractive keratectomy can induce significant reductions in contrast sensitivity under mesopic conditions, even though the photopic contrast sensitivity function is normal.


Objectives: Renal dysfunction frequently coexists with heart disease, manifesting in a condition called cardiorenal syndrome (CRS). CRS results in accelerated failure of the heart and kidney via a complex combination of hemodynamic, neurohormonal, immunological and biochemical feedback pathways. Preliminary evidence suggests that inflammatory cells such as monocytes and macrophages may contribute to the pathogenesis of CRS. However, animal models of CRS remain limited and the roles of specific inflammatory cell subsets in CRS remains unclear. Here, we describe the establishment of a mouse model of CRS. Methods: Three-week-old C57BL6 mice were subjected to sham uninephrectomy and normal-salt (SHAM/NS) diet or left uninephrectomy and high-salt (UNIX/HS) diet. After 4, 6 or 8 weeks, urine was collected for salt and protein analyses. The heart and kidney were collected for histochemical staining and analyses of inflammatory cell distribution by flow cytometry. Results: UNIX/HS mice had a higher kidney/body weight ratio and higher water intake. As early as 4 weeks post-surgery, UNIX/HS mice had lower urine creatinine levels and higher proteinuria than SHAM/NS mice. These results suggest the development of kidney dysfunction. Histological analysis revealed increased fibrosis in the heart and kidney at 8 weeks after UNIX/HS. Using flow cytometry, we characterized changes in the inflammatory cell populations in the heart, kidney, blood and hematopoietic organs that occur as CRS progresses. A trend towards increased monocyte and neutrophil numbers in the heart and kidney was observed as early as 6 weeks after UNIX/HS. Conclusion: Therapeutic strategies targeting inflammatory signaling pathways and modulating specific inflammatory cell populations may reduce organ damage and improve prognosis in patients with CRS.


The present study investigates the use of agar well diffusion method and the inhibitory effect of Ficus bengalensis and Ficus elastica fruit latex on two gram-positive bacteria ( Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes ), nine gram-negative bacteria( E.coli from UTI patient, E.coli from stool patient, E.coli PBR322, E.coli (ampicilline and tetracycline resistance), Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Proteus mirabilis , Klebsilla pneumonia , Salmonella spp. and Seratia spp. ) and five Candida species(Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida cruzii, Candida kefyr and Candida sojae). The results showed that latex of Ficus bengalensis and Ficus elastica fruits have significant inhibitory effect against bacterial and fungal species used in the study. Different inhibitory effects can be observed that Ficus bengalensis latex showed more inhibitory effect than Ficus elastic. Candida species are more susceptible to fig latex than bacterial pathogens, whereas gram negative bacteria are less susceptible as compared with gram positive bacteria. In conclusion, present study showed that fig fruit latex have antimicrobial activity against various pathogenic bacteria and fungi.


VACUETTE ® GLUCOMEDICS blood collection tubes contain an additive mix of Na2EDTA, sodium fluoride, citric acid and sodium citrate. This mixture inhibits glycolysis and prevents coagulation. [1,2] The VACUETTE GLUCOMEDICS blood collection tubes are used to stabilize the in-vivo glucose level in whole blood or plasma for up to 24 hours at room temperature and enable prolonged sample processing time including both storage and/or transportation. [3]


Background: Cardiovascular diseases remain the most common cause of sudden death. Appropriate drug therapy in cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) is crucial in managing cardiovascular emergencies and to decrease morbidity and mortality. The present study was conducted to observe the emergency cardiac diseases which are most frequently being treated and to study the prescribing prevalence among inpatients in CICU. Methods: A prospective, observational study was carried out among 102 patients admitted in CICU at a tertiary care teaching hospital, Karnataka, for a period of 3 months. Demographic data, clinical history, and complete drug therapy received during their stay in CICU was noted. Results: In our study, males (64.7%) had a higher incidence of cardiovascular emergencies than females (35.3%). Hypertension (32.4%) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (28.4%) were the frequently associated co-morbid conditions. Antiplatelet drugs 80 (78.4%) was most commonly prescribed, followed by hypolipidemic drugs 75 (73.5%) and anticoagulants 65 (63.7%). The mean duration of stay in the hospital was 4.79±1.9 days. The average number of drugs per prescription was 7.8±2.2. Percentage of drugs prescribed by generic names was 52.9%. The percentage of drugs prescribed from essential drug list was 75.1%. Conclusions: Antiplatelet drugs were the most frequently prescribed drug group. Mean number of drugs per prescription were high. The prescribing pattern could be improved by reducing the number of drugs per prescription and by prescribing generic drugs to reduce the economic burden of the patients.


The process of satellite attitude determination algorithm based on gyros and star-sensor scheme is studied in this paper.In order to ensure the high precision of the satellite attitude,the quaternion of star-sensor and extended Kalman filter are used for real-time compensating the gyros bias and misalignment.The availability of high accuracy filter algorithm is demonstrated by Matlab numerical simulation with satellite orbital data.The proposed filter can estimate the gyro drift accurately with the estimating error less than 5.56×10-5o/s and the attitude estimating error less than 0.01o,which means attitude measurement noise is restrained effectively.


In circular accelerators, the betatron tune is measured by analysing the particle coordinates, sampled over N turns. Algorithms based either on the Average Phase Advance method or on the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) are routinely used to compute the tune. More sophisticated approaches have recently been proposed. They rely on analytical interpolations of the FFT, as suggested by E. Asseo, or on algorithms based on continuous spectral analysis, according to the studies of J. Laskar. In this paper we critically review the various methods of measuring the tune and we present analytical estimates of the error as a function of N . The results are supported by numerical simulations carried out on both simple and complicated lattices, including nonlinear magnets. Applications to experimental data obtained in the CERN SPS are also shown. Submitted to Part. Acc. Geneva, Switzerland November 29, 1995 Dipartimento di Matematica, Piazza di Porta S. Donato 5, I-40126 Bologna. y INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Via Irnerio 46, I-40126 Bologna. Work partially supported by EC Human Capital and Mobility contract Nr. ERBCHRXCT940480


Simple Summary Investigation of the excess cancer risk among healthcare workers in hospitals is crucial. We constructed a large, nationwide retrospective cohort including 107,646 healthcare workers in hospitals. We found significantly increased standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of all-cancer (SIR = 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06–1.47) and breast cancer (SIR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.09–1.36) among female healthcare workers. These results imply that potential carcinogens of hospital workers should be assessed, especially female workers in the hospital, including nurses. Abstract Objectives: Healthcare workers in hospitals (HHCWs), a notably increasing workforce, face various occupational hazards. A high incidence of cancer among HHCWs has been observed; however, the cancer incidence status among HHCWs in South Korea is yet to be studied. This study aimed to assess cancer incidence among HHCWs in South Korea. Methods: We constructed a retrospective cohort of HHCWs using National Health Insurance claims data, including cancer incidence status and vital status, from 2007 to 2015. Those who had worked in hospitals for at least three years were defined as HHCWs. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for all cancer types and standardized mortality ratios were calculated. Results: A total of 107,646 HHCWs were followed up, and the total follow-up duration was 905,503 person-years. Compared to the total workers, female HHCWs showed significantly higher SIR for all cancers (observed cases = 1480; SIR = 1.25; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06–1.47). The incidence of breast cancer among female HHCWs was significantly higher compared to that among total workers (observed cases = 376; SIR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.09–1.36). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that female HHCWs have an elevated probability of developing cancer, which suggests that occupational risk factors such as night-shift work, anti-neoplastic medications, stressful jobs, and ionizing radiation should be assessed. Further investigation and occupational environment improvement activities are required.


Among live feeds, micro algae constitute the primary food of almost all aquatic organisms. Motility, cell size and cell constituents are the main criteria in
selecting suitable live feed to various culture organisms at different stages of their growth. Levels of assimilates such as solublc protein, free aminoacids, total
soluble sugars and lipids were estimated from six cultures of microalgal feed to compare the nutritive eficiency of these live feeds. The phytoflagellate
Isochrysis and the diatom Chaetoceros were found to contain all the basic assimilates in satisfactory levels, although the species of Chlorella. Tetraselmis.
Dunaliella and Nannochlorop contained more levels of protein (45 mg/g dry wt). The results of investigation were compared and discussed in the light of
manipulating the dietary requirement of cultivable molluscs and crustaceans at their different growth stages.


Abstract The vertical distribution of ozone at the equator was studied by means of a diurnal integration of the photochemical equations with the sum of the nitrogen oxides specified as a function of height and ozone assumed to be in photochemical equilibrium. The results were compared with an approximate method which employed 24 h mean dissociation rates and found to be larger by up to 25% above 25 km. This difference is due to important nonlinearities in the diurnally averaged photochemical production and loss terms. An approximate method is developed which yields ozone concentrations in good agreement with the diurnal integration but which requires much less computation time. The calculated ozone concentration was found to exceed observed values by significant amounts and some reasons for this discrepancy are discussed.


Chinese Grammatical Error Detection(CGED) aims at detecting grammatical errors in Chinese texts. One of the main challenges for CGED is the lack of annotated data. To alleviate this problem, previous studies proposed various methods to automatically generate more training samples, which can be roughly categorized into rule-based methods and model-based methods. The rule-based methods construct erroneous sentences by directly introducing noises into original sentences. However, the introduced noises are usually context-independent, which are quite different from those made by humans. The model-based methods utilize generative models to imitate human errors. The generative model may bring too many changes to the original sentences and generate semantically ambiguous sentences, so it is difficult to detect grammatical errors in these generated sentences. In addition, generated sentences may be error-free and thus become noisy data. To handle these problems, we propose CNEG, a novel Conditional Non-Autoregressive Error Generation model for generating Chinese grammatical errors. Specifically, in order to generate a context-dependent error, we first mask a span in a correct text, then predict an erroneous span conditioned on both the masked text and the correct span. Furthermore, we filter out error-free spans by measuring their perplexities in the original sentences. Experimental results show that our proposed method achieves better performance than all compared data augmentation methods on the CGED-2018 and CGED-2020 benchmarks.


Recently, the leaders of our nation have committed millions of federal and local dollars to a literacy volunteer initiative. The purpose of the initiative is to engage one million individuals of all ages to unite in an effort to ensure that all United States children can read independently by the third grade. Many of these volunteers will be tutoring children in literacy skills. While the nationwide commitment to helping young children become literate is encouraging, the assumption that individuals can become effective literacy instructors with no specific, or planned preparation, is daunting. It is imperative that researchers and teachers of reading make an immediate effort to examine, define, and disseminate structures of effective literacy tutoring for use by these volunteers. Only with the support of the literacy community can this large-scale volunteer initiative make the desired impact on our nation's literacy rates. The purpose of this study. Tutor-child interactions in book-maldng: Scaffolding children's early literacy understandings, was to examine and describe the tutoring behaviors of eight highly trained tutors as they made books with a total of 23 children. The results of the investigation provide insight into the contexts and structures within which volunteer tutors, when adequately supported, can facilitate literacy learning. Among the principle findings, overall, tutors spoke three times more frequently than the children, tutors and children shared in the task of writing text, and tutors used a wide range of prompting when assisting children. Without exception, the most frequently used prompts were providing information, questioning to assist, evaluating, modeling, and managing the task. Specific established contexts also appeared to facilitate assisted literacy acquisition, including routinized interactions, active acknowledgment of prior experiences, and intersubjectivity. The results of this study have several implications for supporting literacy volunteers. In brief, it is important to provide tutors training in ways to observe and listen to children, to instruct tutors on several different types of assistance and how to use them in ways that can facilitate strategic problem-solving in children, and to assess potential tutors' skills and availability and assign them tasks based on their potential to carry them out effectively.


The cryogenic behaviour of five 200 V rated HEXFET® MOSFETs between the temperatures of 20 K to 100 K are presented, including the on-state resistances, breakdown voltages and electro-thermal behaviour. The results indicate negative temperature dependent behaviour for the on-state resistances below 70 K and non-ohmic behaviour below 40 K. The physical reasons behind these phenomenon were suggested to be the combined behaviour of temperature dependent electron mobility, carrier freeze-out and electric field assisted thermal ionisation. The classically assumed linear temperature relationship for the breakdown voltages was found to be invalid below 100 K and a better model was suggested. A simple analysis into the utilisation of these power MOSFETs that considers the electro-thermal behaviour was discussed and parallel MOSFETs configuration was suggested to optimised the temperature dependent power loss at cryogenic temperatures.


A new molecular dynamics model in which the point charges on atomic sites are allowed to fluctuate in response to the environment is developed and applied to water. The idea for treating charges as variables is based on the concept of electronegativity equalization according to which: (a) the electronegativity of an atomic site is dependent on the atom's type and charge and is perturbed by the electrostatic potential it experiences from its neighbors and (b) charge is transferred between atomic sites in such a way that electronegativities are equalized. The charges are treated as dynamical variables using an extended Lagrangian method in which the charges are given a fictitious mass, velocities, and kinetic energy and then propagated according to Newtonian mechanics along with the atomic degrees of freedom. Models for water with fluctuating charges are developed using the geometries of two common fixed‐charge water potentials: the simple point charge (SPC) and the four‐point transferable intermolecular po...


Abstract Pulsating flow is typical of displacement machines such as piston engines, compressors, or other displacement devices. The cyclic movement of the working element (piston, valve, membrane, etc.) generates pulsations, which, from a dynamic point of view, can be considered as excitation in the system composed of a flowing gas and pipes in which the flow takes place. This study shows that under certain conditions, a significant increase of pulse amplitudes occurs and transient values of main flow parameters are up to a few times higher than that for the equivalent steady flow conditions. This unsteadiness can be harmful or even damaging; however, in some cases it can be profitable (e.g. induction ramming of combustion engines). In order to investigate which conditions are favourable to obtain such effects in pipes, four different systems, distinguished by a different level of choking at the pipe outlet section, were tested. The experimental tests performed in the range of excitation frequencies of 0—200 Hz have shown that systems with low choking at the pipe outlet are more prone to strong dynamic effects, characterized by considerable growth of pulse amplitudes and an intensive reverse flow occurring in the proximity of resonance frequencies. In systems with high choking at the pipe outlet section, those effects were very weak. Characteristic frequencies, for which the resonance takes place, depend on the pipe length and can be determined theoretically with a simple acoustic model or a one-dimensional model 'x—t' describing a pulsating flow in the pipe. The experimental verification of those resonance frequencies can be conducted with the use of transient flow parameters recorded by appropriate fast response sensors.


Nonlinear focusing in semiconductor active medium of the laser is considered as an important cause of deterioration of properties and spatial stability of the laser emission beam. Self‐focusing threshold power is estimated for different active region configurations, namely, for bulk, wave‐guide and non‐guide geometries. Output power just below the self‐focusing threshold is assumed as a high‐quality beam power limit, caused by optical nonlinearity in the semiconductor laser. It is shown, in particular, that in some cases non‐guide configuration provides significantly higher power limit than a more traditional wave‐guide configuration.


Objective To investigate the habitat for Pagumonimus skrjabini and the infectious status in the animal hosts. Methods The impact of temperature,rainfall,vegetation,and human behavior on the habitat of Pagumonimus skrjabini.The second intermediate host of Sinopotamon and domestic animals were dissected for the natural infection rate. Results The infection rate of Sinopotamon was 5.31%.Domestic animals and Guinea pigs were infected with metacercaria isolated from Sinopotamon.Worms were detected from Guinea pigs,adult worms and gees were detected form big rabbit 122 days after infection while small rabbit died of the infection,immature worms were detected from domestic dog 30 day s after infection and with an infection rate of 100% 90 days after infection.The natural infection rates of domestic cat and dog were 56.25%(18/32) and 14.29%(1/7),respectively.Adult worms were also detected from dogs. Conclusion Human behavior exerts a relatively big impact on the breeding of intermediate hosts of Pagumonimus skrjabini.The change of habitat resulted in marked reduction of natural infection rate in Sinopotamon.Pagumonimosis is not only prevalent in wild animals and the infection rates in domestic animals are also relatively high and the domestic animals may be the final hosts of Pagumonimus skrjabini.


1. A comparative study of the nodal anatomy of Frasera and Swertia perennis revealed that, far from being uniform throughout, as would be expected from previous reports, it varied within genera, species, and even in individuals. 2. The variation pattern within individuals, however, was consistent enough in species and species groups for the recognition of five major types of nodal anatomy which could be used for purposes of comparison and classification. 3. Several important problems concerning the use of nodal anatomy in general, evoked by these findings, are discussed.


Automated performance-monitoring systems take in intelligent transportation system sensor data in real time, archive them, and analyze them. These systems are needed to help local agencies identify problem areas, develop improvement plans, and perform before and after evaluations on the impacts of traffic management changes. Research performed in the past few years has demonstrated the utility of these systems for local transportation agencies, particularly for evaluating signal progression quality. However, acquiring the critical data items for existing arterial intelligent transportation systems—signal phase event information—is often a practical challenge because the configuration of the existing system of most arterial systems does not record or communicate signal phase events to a central location. As a solution to that problem, this paper documents an approach to estimate signal phase data with in-pavement vehicle sensors, a data source that is generally available from arterial systems. On many arterial systems, these sensors frequently communicate data from the field to a central traffic management center. The goal of this paper was to make recent arterial progression quality research implementable by developing a method to gather signal phase event data in a way that would be practical for most local transportation agencies, given their existing arterial systems. Two proposed methods were tested on a year's worth of data from a 2-mi arterial corridor in Carson, California. Results showed that sensor data from central traffic management centers could be used to develop accurate measurements of signal phase events when coupled with timing plans.


Learning robots are faced with two major issues: identification of the dynamics of the robot and identification of the environment as well as its interaction with the robot. We discuss in this paper a way to acquire representations of both these concepts through an iterative learning procedure. Furthermore we will concentrate on qualitative representations, since we are not necessarily interested in the precise equations of the dynamics or the exact location of potential limits of the viability domain. A more "fuzzy" knowledge can be sufficient to guarantee a satisfactory control of a robot. The key notion of our representations is the phase space: it will be used to express the dynamics of the controlled robot, as well as the landmark values, corresponding to the environment, that refer either to control goals or obstacles to be avoided. The important issue is that the exposed learning procedure provides a way to acquire these various knowledges.


First described together in 1988, S. lugdunensis and S. schleiferi are coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS) species that recently have emerged as potential zoonotic pathogens (Freney et al., 1988). S. lugdunensis typically has been associated with human disease, primarily skin infections and endocarditis, but recently also has been described as an animal pathogen (Frank et al., 2008; Rook et al., 2012). S. schleiferi, which may be coagulase negative (CNS: subsp. schleiferi) or coagulase positive (CPS: subsp. coagulans), typically has been associated with skin infections in dogs and cats, but recently has been described as a human pathogen (Kumar et al., 2007; Tzamalis et al., 2013). In this sense, we apply Calvin Schwabe's definition of zoonosis as "shared infection" of animals and man, without ascribing direction of transmission from one to the other (Schwabe, 1984).


' I was not sent except to the lost sheep of the house of Israel ' (Mt i 5~) 1 Give not what is holy to the dogs, nor cast your pearls before the swine, lest they tread them down with their feet, and then turn and tear you ' (Mt 7 6). (e) The following sayings are not so clearly antiPauline as those quoted above, but seem to represent rather the Judaism of the early Jerusalem Church than that of Jesus Himself : Think not that I came to destroy the law or the prophets ; I


In March 2018 the Swedish social democratic party's ministers Anna Ekstrom and Ardalan Shekarabi announced that one of their election promises is to forbid faith based schools. The motivation being that schools in Sweden should be based on unbiased knowledge and equivalence, and that the child has the right to form its own opinions regarding its religion. The purpose of this essay is to highlight the debate on faith based schools in Sweden. This is done by applying an argument analysis, of selected articles published between January 1, 2017 and March 25, 2018, and episodes from the television debate programs Agenda and Opinion live. The theory, by Maria Klasson Sundin, used includes the concepts of religion, freedom and autonomy. It comprises three models based on these concepts and assists interpreting the debate on religious schools. The essay is primarily based on works by different scholars in theology, human rights and law. Questions that have been answered during the analysis are: what pro and contra arguments are expressed in the debate regarding faith based schools in Sweden? How valid and relevant are these arguments? How are the concepts of religion, freedom and the autonomy of the child emphasized? The different themes and perspectives that are dominating the debate have been clarified in the analysis. A key conclusion that could be drawn is that even though they might have different standpoints regarding faith based schools, they all share the common interest of freedom of religion. However, how this is to be achieved in practice differs between the debaters. (Less)


Applications of complex variables and related manifolds appear throughout mathematics and science. Here we review a family of basic methods for applying visualization concepts to the study of complex variables and the properties of specific complex manifolds. We begin with an outline of the methods we can employ to directly visualize poles and branch cuts as complex functions of one complex variable. $CP^2$ polynomial methods and their higher analogs can then be exploited to produce visualizations of Calabi-Yau spaces such as those modeling the hypothesized hidden dimensions of string theory. Finally, we show how the study of N-boson scattering in dual model/string theory leads to novel cross-ratio-space methods for the treatment of analysis in two or more complex variables.


Burdur BCBA (Breeding Cattle Breeders Association)  President Kamil Ozcan: "Support for the year 2016 has been suspended. In our first evaluation, the number of calves to be supported and the amount of the support were far below expectations both in Burdur and throughout the country. We have suffered losses due to reasons not derived from the cultivator and especially to the losses due to lack of vaccination. The lack of support from the frozen owing to the lack of vaccines in Burdur, which is at the top of the protective vaccination program, will greatly aggrieve the breeders who are already suffering from recent increases in feed prices. We expect from our Ministry that the vaccination of other vaccines except for the Brucella vaccine is to be exempted from possible victimization for this year. Otherwise, the past year we receive a 25 million TL calf support, this year we can receive 5-6 million TL for 9-10 thousand calves. We hope that our ministry will take the necessary precautions by taking this warning into account. "


The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of LDR, IPR, NPL, APB, BOPO, IRR, PDN, ROA, and NIM on capital adequacy (CAR) at Stated Owned Banks. This study uses a population of state banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the first quarter of 2013 until the second quarter of 2018. The criteria for sampling techniques are based on total capital above Rp. 20,000,000,000. The results of this study indicate that the variables LDR, IPR, NPL, APB, BOPO, IRR, PDN, ROA, and NIM simultaneouslyhave a significant effect on the CAR variable. While partially the LDR and ROA variables partially have a significant positive effect on CAR; the variables of IPR, NPL, BOPO, PDN, and NIM partially have no significant positive effect on CAR; while the APB and IRR variables partially have no significant negative effect on CAR.The most dominant variable affecting CAR is the LDR.
Keyword : Liquidity, Asset Quality, Business Efficiency, Sensitivity to Markets, Profitability


We describe the qualitative behavior of traveling wave solutions for thermodynamic phase transitions under Landau equation of state and Korteweg's theory of capillarity.


A two-dimensional scattering problem of a line source by a set of perfectly conducting circular cylinders buried in a semi-infinite medium is solved, in both TE and TM polarization. A cylindrical-wave approach is used and applied to both the field emitted by the source and the field scattered by the buried objects. Reflection and transmission of such fields through the planar interface are evaluated making use of the plane-wave spectrum of a cylindrical wave. Numerical results are presented, with checks confirming the validity of the method.


Useful information can be found in identifying interactions between RMB'SPOT and NDF(Non-Deliverable Forward) exchange rate markets.The monetary authority of China imposed the restriction on domestic corporations and individuals to operate NDF on OCT 2006,so using the Grange causality test,this paper finds that there exist significant asymmetric return spillover effects from the SPOT to the 12 month NDF markets,and the SPOT market has a local information advantage on NDF markets.The restriction policy helps to improve the stability of the SPOT market,but it may not be a good choice in the long future.


Motivation A widely applicable strategy to create cell factories is to knock out (KO) genes or reactions to redirect cell metabolism so that chemical synthesis is made obligatory when the cell grows at its maximum rate. Synthesis is thus growth-coupled, and the stronger the coupling the more deleterious any impediments in synthesis are to cell growth, making high producer phenotypes evolutionarily robust. Additionally, we desire that these strains grow and synthesise at high rates. Genome-scale metabolic models can be used to explore and identify KOs that growth-couple synthesis, but these are rare in an immense design space, making the search difficult and slow. Results To address this multi-objective optimization problem, we developed a software tool named gcFront - using a genetic algorithm it explores KOs that maximise cell growth, product synthesis, and coupling strength. Moreover, our measure of coupling strength facilitates the search so that gcFront not only finds a growth coupled design in minutes but also outputs many alternative Pareto optimal designs from a single run - granting users flexibility in selecting designs to take to the lab. Availability and Implementation gcFront, with documentation and a workable tutorial, is freely available at GitHub: https://github.com/lLegon/gcFront, the repository of which is archived at Zenodo, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6338595 (Legon et al., 2022). Supplementary Information Supplementary notes and data files are available at Bioinformatics online.


Abstract Childhood bereavement services are a relatively recent form of child welfare provision in the UK. They are predicated on assumptions about the development of children and on an increasing research base that describes the potential impact of childhood bereavement and that support following bereavement is beneficial. UK services largely began as a result of practitioners responding to the needs of bereaved children. Over time, services have become more formalised into an organisational framework, contributing to and influenced by practice based experience, research and training. They have become more sophisticated and wide-ranging in their response to the needs of bereaved children for which there is evidence of a favourable impact on their wellbeing. More importantly, as a structural form of provision now embedded within the UK's health and social landscape, childhood bereavement services have had a significant impact on social policy and the wider cultural discourse concerning bereaved children.


John and Faith Hubley broke away from Hollywood in the mid-1950s to form their own independent, small-scale studio in New York City, making animated films in an anti-Disney visual style that was closer in form and spirit to European surrealism and impressionism. They pioneered the use of name performers and of their own children with improvised dialogue. They sponsored marvelous jazz and new-music sound tracks. Their (mostly short) films were not about talking animals, but about adult and philosophical themes: the absurdity of war, the nuclear threat, environmental concerns, overpopulation, love, marriage, childhood development, spirituality, and feminism. The highly original and straight-from-theheart films that resulted from their collaboration have been feted worldwide-with three Oscars (out of seven nominations to date), film festival citations from Jerusalem to Zagreb, and museum anointings. Their films were never block-booked into theaters and their household ledger did not always balance, but the Hubleys became exemplars for an entire upand-coming generation of non-traditional animated film-makers. The thirty-odd Hubley short films and two features are not only beloved by film enthusiasts, but by generations of schoolchildren, and nowadays they have a healthy "second life" on Disney and Pyramid video (see list following interview). John Hubley was the senior artist. A noted background painter for Walt Disney on Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Pinocchio, Fantasia, Dumbo and Bambi, he left Disney after the bitter strike of 1941 and was among the founders of the alternative United Productions of America, source of Mr. Magoo and of a strong "flat" graphic style featuring parody, serious subject matter, and abstract forms. John Hubley was a staunch unionist and cultural progressive whose moonlighting included production design for the 1947 staging of Bertolt Brecht's Galileo and collaboration with director Joseph Losey on Losey's early films. When the anti-Communist blacklist descended on Hollywood, Hubley suddenly found himself "unemployable," and at a turning-point in his career. The blacklist precipitated his move into animated commercials and, circuitously, into marriage and partnership with Faith Hubley. Their mutual pact to produce at least one short film per year according to their own artistic standards, and to sit down for the evening meal with their children, lasted until his untimely death in 1977.


A class of harmonic solutions to the steady Euler equations for incompressible fluids is presented in two dimensions in circular, elliptic and bipolar coordinates. Since the velocity field is solenoidal in this case, it can be written as the curl of a vector potential, which will then satisfy Poisson's equation with vorticity as a source term. In regions with zero vorticity, Poisson's equation reduces to Laplace's equation, and this allows for the construction of harmonic potentials inside and outside circles and ellipses, depending on the coordinate system. The vector potential is normal to the coordinate plane, and is proportional to the scalar harmonic functions on the plane, thereby guaranteeing that the velocity field is also harmonic and is located on the coordinate plane. The components of the velocity field normal to either a circle or an ellipse are continuous, but the tangential components are discontinuous, so that, in effect, a vortex sheet is introduced at these boundaries. This discontinuity is a measure of the vorticity, normal to the plane and distributed harmonically along the perimeter of the respective circles or ellipses. An analytic expression for the streamlines is obtained which makes visualisation of vortices of various geometries and harmonicities possible. This approach also permits a reformulation of the notion of multipolarity of vortices in the traditional sense of a multipolar expansion of the Green function for Poisson's equation. As an example of the applicability of this formulation to known vortical structures, Rankine vortices of different geometries are expressed in terms of harmonic functions


The article consideres the calculating variants of a high-speed diesel engine cylinder case with a fusing of non-corrisive metals on its external surface. The reasons of occurrence of separation of the fusing on the external surface of the case are estimated. One of the ways of reducting of thermoelastic pressure in the busing layer is considered to be the variant with the intermediate layer having an average coefficient of the cast material and fusing expansion.


The technology available to control hazardous substances in gallium arsenide applications is reviewed and evaluated in light of findings from a visit to the Microwave Semiconductor Corporation in Somerset, New Jersey. The facility has 500 employees, 64 in the gallium arsenide technical staff. Direct ion implantation or epitaxial growth, photolithography, plasma etching, and backside wafer processing are used at the facility to fabricate a gallium-arsenide wafer. Hazards exist primarily in the numerous solvents, acids, and gases employed in wafer production. These include chlorobenzene, methanol, methyl-ethyl-ketone, methyl-isobutyl-ketone, ammonia, and silane. The use of arsine gas will soon begin at the facility, which will also be hazardous to employees due to its extremely toxic properties. An environmental engineer tests for 70 hazardous chemicals in the work area, including hydrogen-fluoride, cyanide, phosgene, ammonia, formaldehyde, arsine, and phenol. The authors recommend the establishment of a program for air sampling to monitor arsenic levels and wipe sampling for arsenic surface contamination.


Hydroponics is a farming technique where the planting medium does not use soil, the type of plant that is usually planted is a type of vegetable. This hydroponic technique is used because it does not require a large enough area to make it. However, monitoring the growth of hydroponic vegetables still relies on humans, so it requires time for routine monitoring directly. From this problem came the idea of creating a detection system for many Pakcoy hydroponic vegetable leaves to monitor the condition of hydroponic vegetables. The method used in this system is the R-CNN (Region-based Convolutional Neural Networks) method. The parameter used is counting many leaves from Pakcoy vegetables. This research count leaves of Pakcoy hydroponic using the R-CNN method obtained an accuracy of 86% with a system speed of 14.08 sec, partitioning data 10% testing data and 90% training data with a learning rate of 0,0002, epoch 6569, using an angle of 0 ° and a distance of 35 cm from Pakcoy vegetables to the webcam.


This paper describes the development of standard series for turbo blowers. In mass production system, it is very required to standardize blowers to improve the productivity of ordering, estimating, manufacturing. To standardize blowers, we performed researches on the effects of b₁(impeller inlet width), b₂(impeller outlet width), β₁ (blade inlet angle), β₂(blade outlet angle), Z(number of blades) of impellers and geometry of casing experimentally. Through this study, we chose the several best model of turbo blowers with high efficiency and low noise, which represent each specific speed series 63, 80, 100, 125, 160, 200, 250, 315. After the development of such standardized blowers, the test results are used to prepare the fan geometry and performance database for a selection software.


In pre‐industrial times women managed, not only the household, but aspects of agricultural work such as the dairy, milking, butter and cheese‐making, often disposing of any surplus through trade or commerce. In the nineteenth century women could be found running businesses such as lodging houses and shops. By 1911 women constituted 19 per cent of employers and proprietors and 20 per cent of managers and administrators and higher professionals. Many of today's women managers are "organization" women, part of the professional managerial class which emerged, in the UK, in the immediate post‐war period and it is on these women that the literature concentrates, in an effort to explain why, despite almost 30 years of equality legislation, women remain under represented in management, tend to be occupationally segregated and are paid less than male managers. This paper explores the experiences of today's women managers and compares them with those of their foremothers.


Within the software industry software piracy is a great concern. In this article, this issue is addressed through a prevention technique called software watermarking. The watermarking schema can be used for protecting the software written in jME API. A program is marked by hiding the copyright in a scene graph. According to a secret initial order of scene graph traversal, a secret message is embedded through circular-left shift operation and a numbering system. Furthermore, the embedding and extraction technique is discussed in detail, and evaluated against a variety of attacks. The algorithm is evaluated against a variety of attacks. The method does not change the size of scene graph, and the embedded watermarks are more robust because disturbing the watermark would affect the semantic and the functionality of the underlying software.


Offers a radical interpretation of the Gospel of John. In looking at four episodes, the author shows how the telling of these (the Cana wedding, the Samaritan woman at the well, the rebuke of Nicodemus and the raising of Lazarus) hints at a critical attitude to a "flawed miracle worker, Jesus".


Inverter air conditioners (IACs) with considerable total capacity and fast response speed are ideal demand response resources, which are of significant potential to provide reserve capacity for the power system frequency regulation. However, due to the complexity and implicitness of the frequency response models, it is difficult to formulate the optimization problem considering frequency dynamics to allocate reserve capacity precisely. In this paper, a data-driven method is proposed for reserve allocation with the frequency security constraint considering IACs. Firstly, the equivalent frequency response model of aggregated IACs is developed considering electrical-thermal characteristics and then incorporated into the frequency regulation framework of power systems along with conventional generators. Then, simulations are implemented to generate massive reserve samples with deterministic frequency security labels. Later, a support vector machine (SVM) based frequency security classifier is trained to convert the implicit frequency security constraint into polynomials and reshape the reserve allocation problem into a solvable general quadratically constrained quadratic program (QCQP). Finally, a heuristic Suggest-and-Improve (SI) method is adopted to deal with the nonconvex QCQP of interest. It is demonstrated by numerical studies that the proposed data-driven method enables power systems to operate closer to the frequency security boundaries and thus achieve lower costs.


Wetland ecosystem which has special hydrology,soil,vegetation and biology characters are places where land and water meet.Wetland is the landscape having highest biodiversity and important habitat which has highest productivity and many ecological functions.Tianjin's Binhai New Area(BNA) is located in the northeast of North China Plain,Haihe River downstream and at the center of the Bohai Bay.The Central Government of China and the State Council have made important strategic planning to push forward development of the Binhai New Area and make it become the Comprehensive Reform Experimental Zones.We can forecast that BNA will develop rapidly in future.With the growth in economy,the disturbance to natural ecosystem will enhance.Wetland ecosystem is the main natural ecosystem of BNA,however now the wetlands have been destroyed both in quantity and quality.The wetland ecosystem is facing serious crisis.Combining the integrated technology of landscape quantity analytical method with GIS technology,basing on TM images between 1979 and 2008,the FRAGSTATS software and the investigation data,dynamic changes in wetland landscape pattern of Binhai New Area are analyzed.The results showed that the total area of wetland landscape has not been greatly reduced.The total wetland area is 58.78% of Binhai New Area in 2008 and the landscape dominance is obvious.Much natural wetland converted into urban construction land.Littoral wetland decreased as construction between 2004 and 2008,more than 90% of natural beach was used up to May of 2009.Wetland patch number is increased from 137 to 704 meanwhile the average patch area decreased with the development of economy.Driving factor analyses showed that the main natural factor is the decrease of precipitation meanwhile increase of average air temperature.Main human disturbance factors includes aquiculture,city construction and coastal reclamation.


The main purpose of this research was to determine university students' attitude towards English as foreign language. The epistemological option was based on a qualitative approach with an interpretative phenomenological methodology. The study units, intentionally selected, were constituted by three students of Hospitality Services career from the Instituto Universitario de Tecnologia del Estado Trujillo - Extension Bocono and three students of Hotel Management career of the Instituto Universitario de Tecnologia de Ejido. Information was collected by an in-depth one-on-one interview and by an interview guide in order to investigate about the world lived by the students. This guide was assured by the validity and reliability tests made by Linguistics and qualitative research experts. Triangulation was applied comparing the information given by key students, the theoretical guidelines and the position assumed by the researcher of this study. The beliefs about language and the different learning elements led to elaborate particular structures and a general structure, in order to discover and comprehend the attitude of the study units towards English learning from their vivential realities. It was concluded that an approaching attitude was observed from the affective and cognitive level. Instead, an unreliable attitude towards language learning is seen from the behavioral level, since students do not achieve the English communicative competence. The expressed causal attribution is based on internality and externality factors. Furthermore, bipolarity, unipolarity and attitudinal ambivalence were discovered on the superior category of this research, which led to create consistent and inconsistent interattitudinal and intraattitudinal conditions. Finally, practical and constructivist guidelines were established in order to promote approaching attitudes towards the core of the attitude. As an added value, a methodology to carry out attitudinal researches in foreign languages and other areas was generated.


The invention discloses an information processing method and device and a portable terminal. The method comprises the steps that in a locking state, at least one moving target image is displayed on a touch screen, and the at least one moving target image is in a motion state; the at least one moving target image is responded and is activated according to preset rules, and the locking state is converted into an unlocking state. Compared with the mode that unlocking is carried out through fixed points or a fixed area in the prior art, the unlocking area is made to be mobile due to the fact that the moving target image can be located at any position in the touch screen, therefore, one certain unlocking area or certain unlocking areas of the touch screen can be effectively prevented from being abraded before other areas, and thus the service life of the whole touch screen is prolonged. In addition, due to the fact that the moving target image is in the motion state, the unlocking track differs every time, and therefore the using safety of intelligent terminals can also be improved obviously.


Abstract Hurricanes Bertha of 1996 and Erin of 2001 both intensified rapidly during part of their time over the North Atlantic. A piecewise potential vorticity (PV) inversion is applied to model output from GFDL hurricane model forecasts to determine the contributions of atmospheric features in the hurricanes' environment to their intensification. The diagnosis indicates that Hurricane Bertha's rapid intensification was directly augmented by an upper-level trough to the north. The significant positive impact of the trough provides quantitative confirmation of the inference of other authors. By contrast environmental interactions associated with troughs to the east and west of Hurricane Erin did not contribute directly to its rapid intensification. The implication of this result is that factors other than the troughs, including sea surface temperature, were sufficient to effect Hurricane Erin's strengthening. Enhanced upper-level outflow concentrated northeast of the hurricane's center that was associated ...


Many studies have dernostrated that hyperglycemia is associated with adverse outcomes in surgical and critically ill diabetic patients. Most studies suggest that aggressive glycemic control may reduce morbidity and mortality. However, intensified glucose control is also associated with an increased risk of hypoglycemia. Although most bypoglycemic events are mild without significant clinical consequences, there axe still worries about this problem in clinical scenarios. This review intuoduces the deleterious effects of hyperglycemia to the body and provides some recent studies in perioperative hyperglycemia control.

Key words:
hyperglycemia; mortality; morbidity; insulin


Pattern matching problem aims to search the most similar pat tern or object by matching to an instance of that pattern in a scene image. In order to address the issue of finding an object in the target image efficiently, the most distinctive featur es are computed from the query pattern and need to be searched in the scene ima g . The scene image is logically divided into a number of cand idate windows which are then to be matched with the query pattern. D ue to repeated matching of the query pattern with local candi date windows, the pattern matching process requires a large amou nt of space in memory as well as it needs to be executed fast. Th us, pattern matching algorithms need to be memory efficient and a s fast as possible. This paper makes an attempt to deal with th ese issues by presenting two effective pattern matching algorithms, n amely, strip subtraction and strip division. The efficacy of the proposed pattern matching algorithms is tested on two databases, viz . a local database and MIT-CSAIL database containing random objects. The experimental results are proved to be computationally effic i nt ones while the proposed algorithms are compared with so me existing algorithms possessing a uniform experimental setup.


Binding of cadherin to F-actin cooperates with the cadherin cis-interface to stabilize cadherin adhesion clusters and is required for their directional movement.


The longstanding partnership between Boston University and the Chelsea Public School District of Chelsea, Massachusetts is unique for many reasons. Perhaps the most recognizable feature of this Partnership, however, is that it is the only example of an American university engaging in the day-to-day management of a public school system. The BU/Chelsea partnership will come to an official end in 2008. The original intent of the partnership has always been to provide Chelsea with the strong foundation to run its schools autonomously. In an effort to build this foundation, the university has, over the years, made a point of sharing its managerial and educational expertise. The future development and the effective and efficient management of the Chelsea School District will not depend solely upon whether the university has shared its expertise effectively, however. If that were the case, at the termination of the project, even the intangible assets, e.g. knowledge, upon which the success of the District was based, will be lost. Instead, Chelsea's opportunity to continue to achieve excellent performance results depends on how well Boston University, the "flagship business" of the Partnership, has been able to share, with the other members of the Network, the responsibility of managing the system. Moreover, continuing the good work begun almost twenty years ago depends on the intellectual capital the District has managed to "accumulate", and on the ability to produce new capital, through the promotion of knowledge-management processes. This report endeavors to determine how the Partnership changed the involvement of staff members, students, their families and the community as a whole, thereby promoting the creation of a network of primarily private and non-profit institutions (already in existence or created at the time) to improve the schooling system. The mission of the JRC is to provide customer-driven scientific and technical support for the conception, development, implementation and monitoring of EU policies. As a service of the European Commission, the JRC functions as a reference centre of science and technology for the Union. Close to the policy-making process, it serves the common interest of the Member States, while being independent of special interests, whether private or national. LB -N A -2348-EN -C


Object of the present invention is to provide a high capacitance is obtained when both a positive electrode material can be obtained non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery positive electrode active material a high output power. The present invention relates to a method for producing a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery positive electrode active material, the method comprises two steps: a first step, wherein by the general formula LizNi1-x-yCoxMyO2 (wherein, 0.10≤x≤0.35,0≤ y≤0.35,0.97≤z≤1.20; M is selected from Mn, V, Mg, Mo, Nb, Ti, and at least one element of Al) represents the primary particles and secondary particles formed by aggregation of primary particles Li metal composite oxide powder, adding and mixing an alkali solution dissolving the compounds of W, thereby the surface of the primary particles are dispersed in W; the second step, wherein W compound is dissolved in an alkali solution and a metal composite oxide Li powder mixture is heat-treated, thereby forming microparticles containing W and Li on the surface of the primary particles.


The abstract nature of economic theory creates challenges for Introductory agricultural economics courses. Current techniques designed to teach theory tend to be labor intensive or prohibit active participation in learning theory. This paper discusses recent experiences of designing, constructing and presenting multiple dimensional and mechanical models in classroom learning.


The RFID tag is equipped with a small IC tip and antenna, and data can be read from or written to it via radio signal. This device has attracted much attention because it is extremely effective for promoting work efficiency in supply chains and for building IT-based systems connecting companies and/or industries. The scope of RFID use is spreading throughout the entire product life cycle, and RFID is now used not only for primary distribution from production to sale, but also for secondary forms of distribution, such as recycling or maintenance. The difference between the scope of primary distribution only and the scope of a product's entire life cycle is that in the latter a greater number of general companies and people are involved in the distribution process. Therefore, a provision for protecting data written to RFID tag memory must be included when RFID systems are built so that data cannot be illegally read or overwritten. In addition, a solution to RFID privacy problems is required so that items with RFID tags can be safely provided to many consumers (CASPIAN et al., 2003; Albrecht & Mcintyre, 2005). We define the privacy problem as unauthorized persons abusing the radiocommunications function of RFID tags, and we consider two kinds of privacy problem: a. Possession Privacy Problem: This is the problem of unauthorized persons or agents being able to surreptitiously detect items that other persons are carrying because of the item codes recorded in the memory of IC tags. b. Location Privacy Problem: This is the problem of an unauthorized persons or agents knowing where a person is without that person's knowledge because a unique ID is recorded in an IC tag memory. A guideline for solving privacy problems (GS1 EPCglobal, 2005) states that RFID tags should be removed from products before the products are provided to consumers. However, the requirements for consumers, who want to protect their privacy, conflict with those of industries that want to use RFID tags throughout the entire life cycle of products – satisfying both requirements is very difficult. To protect consumer privacy, some researchers have proposed systems that mount a hash function in the RFID tag which authenticates interrogators (Weis, 2003; Juels.& Pappu, 2003; Source: Radio Frequency Identification Fundamentals and Applications, Bringing Research to Practice, Book edited by: Cristina Turcu, ISBN 978-953-7619-73-2, pp. 278, February 2010, INTECH, Croatia, downloaded from SCIYO.COM


Background: Low intellect makes slow learner students feel inferior and feel that they will never learn. As a consequence, slow learner students, sometimes, have no motivation to learn in them. Motivation has an important role in children's learning activities. It can be said that motivation is the driving force for children's activities. One of them is MF, a student identified as a slow learner by their class teacher.
Purpose: For this reason, this study aims to determine the extent to which the causes of changes in MF motivation levels in the teaching and learning activities.
Design and methods: This research uses a case study method. This research was conducted on one of the students identified by the class teacher as a slow learner. This research data using observation, interviews, and documentation. The collected data were grouped based on various factors that influenced learning motivation initiated by Dimyati and Mudjiono. Validation is done by triangulating data sources used to test the credibility of the data by checking the data that has been obtained through several sources.
Results: The results of this study reveal 2 out of 6 things that influence the level of learning motivation to encourage MF to continue learning, namely ownership of ideals and increasing personal abilities.


We examine the dynamics of technology adoption and critical mass in network industries with an application to the U.S. electric vehicle (EVs) market. This market exhibits indirect network effects in that consumer EV adoption and investor deployment of public charging stations are interdependent. In markets with positive indirect network effects, multiple equilibria with different level of technology adoption may exist. The diffusion and ultimately the success of technology depend on the equilibrium structure and property. Under certain market conditions, the issue of critical mass arises and the market needs to pass this critical mass in order to reach the high-adoption equilibrium. Using a data set of quarterly EV sales in 354 U.S. metro areas from 2011 to 2013, we quantify indirect network effects and simulate long-run market outcomes in each of the MSAs. Our analysis provides robust and significant evidence of indirect network effects in this market. Simulations show several different market equilibrium outcomes across the 354 MSAs in the long run with a significant number of them exhibiting multiple equilibria and critical mass. Policy suggestions are provided in order to push these markets to pass the critical mass and move towards the high-adoption equilibrium.


OBJECTIVE To study the treatment effect of macrolides on nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae biofilm formation.METHODS Two strains of H.influenzae were isolated from sputum specimens from patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases.Formation of bacterial biofilm was examined by crystal violet assay and scanning electron microscope.The biofilms were measured under varying concentrations of macrolides in vitro.RESULTS Biofilm synthesis was observed at subMIC and became thicker in roxithromycin and erythromycin at 1/8 MIC,Disruption of mature biofilms could be achieved at relatively higher concentration,Azithromycin displayed more powerful activity.CONCLUSIONS H.influenzae is capable to form biofilm in vitro,especially in subconcentration.Sufficient antibiotics dosage might affact early formation of biofilms.Azithromycin exerts better effects on biofilm formation than other macrolides.


Introduction: The objective of the study reported here was to demonstrate that maintenance haemodialysis using a reduced dialysate flow rate of 300 mL/min (RQD) is not inferior to haemodialysis using the standard flow rate of 500 mL/min (SQD) in respect of the delivered dose of dialysis. Methods: A prospective, single-centre, sequential study was performed at the haemodialysis centre of Pikine Hospital in Dakar. Twenty patients were included. During the first week, three haemodialysis sessions were performed with SQD and during the second week three haemodialysis sessions were conducted with RQD for each patient. Results: For SQD, the mean eKt/V was 1.38 ± 0.58. There were 38 (63%) sessions with eKt/V greater than 1.2 and 16 patients (80%) had adequate dialysis, based on the average eKt/V. For RQD, the mean eKt/V was 1.2 ± 0.43 with 25 sessions (42%) having an eKt/V greater than 1.2. There were 11 patients (55%) with adequate dialysis. The dialysis dose was higher with the SQD prescription (P < 0.001). Ten patients with dry weight ≤60 kg had adequate dialysis with RQD. Cases of hypokalaemia were significantly higher with the SQD (P = 0.001). Conclusions: RQD appears to be inferior in terms of dialysis dose. However, for patients with dry weight ≤60 kg, adequate dialysis could be delivered with RQD, consequently allowing substantial saving of water in haemodialysis. Keywords: low flow dialysate rates, dialysis dose, dry weight, Senegal


For some time now, many sociological analyses, regardless of their intrinsic diversity, have been emphasising the emergence of a new socio-cultural model distinguished by a normative individualism and by a reticular and associationic conception of society. After reviewing what is causing the emergence of this new interpretation of social cohesion, this article intends to extract the theoretical reasoning and to examine the internal presuppositions. Thus, several classical elements of sociological analysis (the forms of social integration, the status of inequalities, the methods of socialisation, the nature of social control) will be discussed. The current lack of answers to these points within this theoretical conception weakens its acceptance and makes it run the risk of being considered as an ideology of present-day times.


Scene matching is core technology of the vehicle matching aided navigation system.Improving the correct matching rate is the difficult point and hotspot in research.This paper proposed a scene matching algorithm based on regions feature.Its basic method was: extracting the regions feature of the reference image and real image and computing the gray value,shape parameter,texture information and variance of region as the decisive factors to design the similarity measurement function firstly;then computing the Hausdorff distance of the region pair to decide whether corresponding regions or not.Plenty simulation experiments show that the matching time may achieve 0.138 s,the best correct matching rate is 92.67%.The result shows the algorithm not only meets the requirements of the scene matching,but also improves the matching time and correct rate greatly,and has practical value for the positioning of the navigation system.


The Pre-Qin Dynasty is very essential to the development of our ancient legal ideology.During this period many schools such as Confucianism,Mojia,Taoism and Fajia discussed the relationship between ruler and ministers.Confucianism thought the relationship between ruler and ministers was based on courtesy.Mojia thought the relationship should be equal.Fajia thought the relationship between ruler and ministers should merely be a beneficial relationship.Taoism suggested the relationship between ruler and ministers should be coped with doing nothing.The study on these theories is helpful to find out their regularity and understand the spirits of our ancient legal ideology deeply.


This correspondence shows that the known "add-half" rule is not asymptotically optimal for predicting the (n+1)st symbol after a sequence of n symbols, whereas the "add-/spl beta//sub 0/" rule, /spl beta//sub 0/=0.50922/spl middot//spl middot//spl middot/is.


Objective To develop an O-specific polysaccharide(O-SP) based conjugate against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Methods Lipopolysaccharide(LPS) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa(IATS 6) was isolated via hot phenol extraction and then hydrolyzed to obtain O-specific polysaccharide(O-SP).O-SP was activated with CDAP,using adipic acid dihydrazide as a linker.Activated O-SP was conjugated to tetanus toxoid via EDAC mediated condensation reaction.Immunogenicity of the conjugate and its immune protection were evaluated in mice.The challenge test was conducted in mice immunized with the conjugate.Results Significantly high IgG anti-IATS 6 O-SP levels were induced in the mice immunized with the conjugates comparing with those of immunized with O-SP(P0.05).The potency study showed that the mice immunized with the conjugate survived when challenged with bacteria of 5—10 LD50.Conclusion The vaccine is expected to effectively against IATS 6 Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


Nowadays there is an alarming worldwide increase in risk factors for non transmissible chronic degenerative diseases related with metabolic condition, the different states of weight and the nutritional status of individuals. Different authors have studied how to achieve better diagnosis of nutritional status and others have measured the metabolic alterations that occur in adult patients but they have done independently. This has led to a rapid, easy and economical clinical identification of the problem trough anthropometric measurements and routine biochemical markers however, has put aside the detection of metabolic state and/or comorbidities that may occur in patients so it is not achieved an integrated individual diagnosis. Because of this, an analysis of physiological and biochemical parameters were made in adult population in order to find those indicators to improve integral diagnosis in respect to metabolic and cardiovascular disease risk (CVDR). We evaluated 78 patients of both sex, with different situations of body weight who underwent blood count, blood chemistry, calorimetry baseline in fasting and postprandial, anthropometry, vital signs and body composition by bioimpedance. We applied questionnaires of the quality and amount of sleep and rest, socioeconomic and energy expenditure for physical activity. Men had a higher weight (+10 kg), height (+11 cm) and waist circumference (WC) (+8 cm), while hip circumference was greater in women (+3 cm). According to BMI for 5.1% of the women participants had low weight, 65.8% of the studied population had normal weight and 29.1% overweight/obesity with a higher prevalence in women. The 7.9% of women had CVDR according to the WC and, considering the waisthip ratio (WHR), was 17.5% while men showed no CVDR under these considerations. Taking into account the waist height (WH) it was found that 40% of men and 22.2% of women had CVDR (! 0.5). The anthropometric indicators with higher diagnostic ability was WC as more sensitive indicator for alterations in TG and HDL while the WH reflected ability to distinguish between CVDR and healthy individuals regarding to the same biochemical markers. The above results suggest that the study sample can be considered at risk of developing these diseases even though their BMI is within normal range.


In the last ten years there were intensive researches to find new methods for image processing. One of these methods is the Mojette transform (MOT). This transform is an exact discrete Radon transform defined for a set of specific projections. The MOT is used mainly in image processing applications. There were several implementation using personal computers [8] and [9]. There are some applications where real time computing is a must, but the implementations before can not accomplish this requirement. There is analysed the Mojette algorithm implementation for images of 256x256 pixels. There is also presented the softvare implementation of Mojette transform and Inverse Mojette transform (IMOT). The paper tries to outline the development work in order to create an embedded reconfigurable hardware based on Xilinx ML310 board [13].


Research shows that priming attachment security results in positive relationship expectations and affect (Rowe & Carnelley, 2003). We examined whether repetitive priming of attachment security (e.g., experimentally activating cognitive representations of attachment security) would have more lasting effects on relationship- and self-views. Participants provided baseline measures at Time 1. On 3 occasions (across 3 days), we primed participants with attachment security or a neutral prime (Times 2–4). Two days later (Time 5), participants completed trait-level measures not preceded by a prime. As expected, those repeatedly primed with attachment security reported more positive relationship expectations, more positive self-views, and less attachment anxiety at Time 5 than at Time 1; those primed with neutral primes showed no change with time. These priming effects last longer than those typically found.


AI as a field has undergone rapid growth in diversification and practicality. For the past 10 years, the repertoire of AI techniques has evolved and expanded. Scores of newer fields have recently been added to the traditional domains of practical AI. Although much practical AI is still best characterized as advanced computing rather than intelligence, applications in everyday commercial and industrial settings have certainly increased, especially since 1990. Additionally, AI has shown a growing influence on other computer science areas, such as databases , software engineering, distributed computing, computer graphics, user interfaces, and simulation. With help from experts, I have selected promising or rapidly emerging areas of AI. The issue is divided into the following three sections: The commonsense problem has been a key problem since the beginning of AI, and it is likely to continue to be so well into the next century. The problem is essential


It is known that in spite of its great success Boltzmann–Gibbs statistical mechanics is actually not completely universal. A class of physical ensembles involving long-range interactions, long-time memories, or (multi-)fractal structures can hardly be treated within the traditional statistical-mechanical framework. A recent nonextensive generalization of Boltzmann–Gibbs theory, which is referred to as nonextensive statistical mechanics, enables one to analyze such systems. This new stream in the foundation of statistical mechanics was initiated by Tsallis' proposal of a nonextensive entropy in 1988. Subsequently it turned out that consistent generalized thermodynamics can be constructed on the basis of the Tsallis entropy, and since then we have witnessed an explosion in research works on this subject. Nonextensive statistical mechanics is still a rapidly growing field, even at a fundamental level. However, some remarkable structures and a variety of interesting applications have already appeared. Therefore, it seems quite timely now to summarize these developments. This volume is primarily based on The IMS Winter School on Statistical Mechanics: Nonextensive Generalization of Boltzmann–Gibbs Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications (February 15-18, 1999, Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Japan), which was supported, in part, by IMS and the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science. The volume consists of a set of four self-contained lectures, together with additional short contributions. The topics covered are quite broad, ranging from astrophysics to biophysics. Some of the latest developments since the School are also included herein. We would like to thank Professors W. Beiglböck and H.A. Weidenmüller for their advice and encouragement.


The thesis introduces manufacturers and their development histories of the high thermal expansion SF_6 circuit breaker.Comparison and analysis are made on principle feature of arc chamber and structural characteristics of operating mechanism in each generation for high pressure thermal expansion SF_6 circuit breakers.


This essay, from the perspective of socialist democracy, analyzes the relationship between the socialist democracy and inner-party democracy. It proves that the inner-party democracy is the life of the party and the leading role in people's democracy. Developing the inner-party democracy is not only the logical premise of developing the socialist democracy, but also the essential requirements for the development of our party itself. The inner-party democracy is the core and soul of the people's democracy. Developing the inner-party democracy can mobilize the initiative and creativity of the whole party.


The embodiment of the invention discloses a preparation method of lithium base glass ceramic used for dental restoration bodies. The method comprises the following steps: adding pre-prepared glass powder with the particle size being smaller than 75[mu]m into a die, carrying out compaction molding under 50-500Mpa to obtain a lithium base glass ceramic body; putting the lithium glass ceramic body in a heating device, and carrying out primary sintering; and carrying out furnace cooling after the primary sintering ends in order to prepare the lithium base glass ceramic. Compared with lithium disilicate glass ceramics prepared in the prior art, the lithium base glass ceramic prepared by adopting the above technical scheme has the advantages of high crystal phase content after primary sintering crystallization, good processing performance, difficult generation of edge breaking and other problems, and suitableness for processing room and chair-side restoration system application.


Alexander Nikolayevich Skryabin is well known as the pioneer of the symbolist music. His music presents strong spirit of philosophical thinking. He continually explored the new means of music expression, in which he both maintained the composing way of the late period of the Romanism but demonstrated his own individuality. His works have been studied and analyzed by a big number of theorists, whose studying directions and analyzing methods are diverse and as a result whose conclusions are various. This article selects a group of preludes written by Skryabin one year before his death, which fully display the composer's individual characteristics. This article employs key-center inductive method and Schenker chart analytical method to analyze comprehensively the key-center layout, the harmonic structure, the writing method of multipart and the general relation of the five preludes. It also probes into the special employment and the significance of the pitch organization in order to explore how the seventh chords with different qualities, as the core of the music composing, run through the various links of the music development. From all these studies and analyses, the author attempts to induct and discover Skryabin's peculiar composing method and the common characteristics of musical language.


To facilitate high sensitivity soft-X-ray magnetic circular dichroism experiments, we have developed a dynamic local bump system at the SRRC storage ring. This system was devised to vary dynamically the vertical slope of electron beam in a bend magnet, producing, in the electron orbit plane, soft-X-rays with an alternate elliptical polarization. The local bump was created by using two pairs of vertical correctors located on each side of the bend magnet. The bump strength coefficient was obtained from both calculated estimation and measured beam response matrix. Control electronics for proper bump strength settings was designed to incorporate the existed orbit corrector function. The corresponding graphic user interface was implemented so that bump amplitude can be easily adjusted. The performance of this system is presented. The disturbance on the stored electron beam orbit was observed while flipping the corrector polarity during EPBM operation. A local feedback loop developed to eliminate such disturbance on other beamlines is also described.


Using a sample of U.S. firms, this study explores whether accounting information risk has an impact upon corporate credit ratings, a long term measure of the cost of debt. Theory suggests that accounting information risk could impact shorter term measures of the cost of debt, but is unclear as to whether it will have measurable effects upon the long term cost of debt. This study employs SFAS 157 level three fair value disclosures as a proxy for accounting information risk. The findings suggest higher levels of accounting information risk negatively impact credit ratings. This is supported by both levels and changes analyses. Increases to accounting information risk are also more effective in prohibiting a credit upgrade than in effectuating a credit downgrade. These findings are also robust to matching techniques and other model specifications. Ultimately, these findings support the usefulness and efficacy of disclosures for uncertain fair value accounting estimates.


This letter presents a new low-voltage direct-current fault current bypass-based solid-state circuit breaker (SSCB) using silicon-carbide mosfets. The proposed SSCB provides the possibility to select the clamping voltage of metal–oxide varistors (MOVs) close to the nominal voltage of the dc system. This reduces voltage overshoots across the main switch and snubber components and extends the maximum allowable dc bus voltage on the SSCB. The MOVs are removed from the power line, and their leakage currents are completely eliminated. The clamping voltage of the MOV and its surge energy rating is considered to optimize the MOV. The dv/dt across the main switchis controlled by an auxiliary capacitor, where a design procedure is presented to optimize its value. Also, the stored inductive energy of the line inductor in dc systems is bypassed using an auxiliary branch and prevented from flowing through the faulty section to enhance the safety. LTspice simulations are presented to show the significance of the proposed SSCB. The experiments of 375 V/170 A/2.4 μs and 600 V/163 A/2.4 μs verify the effectiveness of the proposed design in practice.


The resonant frequencies and input impedance of a microstrip-fed third order Hilbert slot antenna are studied as function of antenna and substrate parameters. A distinct dual- band characteristic is observed. Findings from HFSS simulation are validated by prototype fabrication and experimental measurement. The two resonant frequencies maintain a ratio of approximately 1.4 for narrow slots. A design parameter, Lax is identified which needs to be about 0.80λg at the lowest operating frequency. The Hilbert slot provides a unidirectional pattern when operated against a metallic ground plane while maintaining dual-band characteristics.


Oxygen is vital to the function of all tissues including the liver and lack of oxygen, that is, hypoxia can result in both acute and chronic injuries to the liver in vivo and ex vivo. Furthermore, a permanent oxygen gradient is naturally present along the liver sinusoid, which plays a role in the metabolic zonation and the pathophysiology of liver diseases. Accordingly, here, we introduce an in vitro microfluidic platform capable of actively creating a series of oxygen concentrations on a single continuous microtissue, ranging from normoxia to severe hypoxia. This range approximately captures both the physiologically relevant oxygen gradient generated from the portal vein to the central vein in the liver, and the severe hypoxia occurring in ischemia and liver diseases. Primary rat hepatocytes cultured in this microfluidic platform were exposed to an oxygen gradient of 0.3–6.9%. The establishment of an ascending hypoxia gradient in hepatocytes was confirmed in response to the decreasing oxygen supply. The hepatocyte viability in this platform decreased to approximately 80% along the hypoxia gradient. Simultaneously, a progressive increase in accumulation of reactive oxygen species and expression of hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α was observed with increasing hypoxia. These results demonstrate the induction of distinct metabolic and genetic responses in hepatocytes upon exposure to an oxygen (/hypoxia) gradient. This progressive hypoxia‐on‐a‐chip platform can be used to study the role of oxygen and hypoxia‐associated molecules in modeling healthy and injured liver tissues. Its use can be further expanded to the study of other hypoxic tissues such as tumors as well as the investigation of drug toxicity and efficacy under oxygen‐limited conditions.


The optimization of direct methods and information complexity for approximate solution of operator equation are two main aspects of information-based complexity theory, which has been developed from the eighties and is an interdiscipline of computer science and mathematics. The concern of this paper is to introduce the advances in above two aspects.


Recently, the development of Kubernetes (K8s) containerization platform has enabled cloud-based, lightweight, highly scalable, and agile services in both general and telco use-cases. Ensuring high availability, reliable and continuous containerized services is a major requirement of service providers to provide fault-tolerance, transparent service experiences to end-users. To satisfy this requirement, fault prediction and proactive stateful service recovery features must be applied in cloud systems. Prior proactive failure recovery approaches mostly focused on either improving fault prediction performance based on different machine learning time series forecasting techniques or optimizing recovery service placement after fault prediction. However, a mechanism that enables stateful containerized service migration from the predicted faulty node to the healthy destination node has not been studied. Service migration in previous proactive works is only simulated or performed by virtual machine (VM) migration techniques. In this paper, we propose a proactive stateful fault-tolerant system for K8s containerized services that pipelines a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) fault prediction framework and a novel K8s stateful service migration mechanism for service recovery. Experimental results show how the Bi-LSTM model improved prediction performance against other time-series forecasting models used prior proactive works. We then combined the Bi-LSTM fault prediction framework with both the default K8s and our stateful migration mechanisms. The comparison between these two proactive systems proves our system efficiency in terms of reducing Quality of Service (QoS) violation percentage and service recovery time.


Although a diagnosis of TB was confirmed on sputum cultures, coexistence of a concomitant pneumoconiosis (eg, silicosis in this case) cannot be ruled out because there is a history of exposure to the cement industry. Silicotuberculosis is a well-described entity in literature, and it is said that silicosis increases the predisposition toward TB. [2] The parenchymal nodules on chest radiograph and diffuse miliary pattern with mediastinal lymphadenopathy on CT scan described in this patient can be associated with silicosis. [3] In this patient, the miliary shadows could be present because of preexisting silicosis and right upper lobe infiltrate because of superadded TB infection. Flexible bronchoscopy (transbronchial lung biopsy and BAL) or, preferably, open lung biopsy might have helped to rule out concomitant silicosis in this case. [4] Patients with silicotuberculosis may have resistance to antitubercular medications, and they may need a longer duration of treatment as compared with TB alone [5] ; hence, it is important to recognize concomitant silicosis in the context of this case report.


[1] The 2-D MHD simulations of the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability (KHI) with transverse magnetic field and highly asymmetric density configurations in a large simulation domain show that rapid formation of a broad plasma turbulent layer can be achieved by forward and inverse energy cascades of the KHI. The forward cascade is triggered by growth of the secondary Rayleigh-Taylor instability excited during the nonlinear evolution of the KHI. The inverse cascade is accomplished by nonlinear mode couplings between the fastest growing mode of the KHI and other KH unstable modes. As a result of the energy transport by the inverse cascade, the growth rate of the largest vortex allowed in the system reaches 3.7 times as large as the linear growth rate. A PIC simulation under the similar initial configuration is also conducted and shows the quick growth of the largest vortex and the resultant spread of the turbulent layer in which plasmas are effectively mixed. The proposed mechanism enables rapid formation of a large scale mixing layer which resembles observational characteristics of the low-latitude boundary layer of the magnetosphere.


This chapter explores the dependence of the rate of electrochemical reactions on the potential difference accommodated in the double layer. The concept of overpotential is introduced, and the theory of electron transfer at the electrode–electrolyte interface described. The derivation of the Butler–Volmer equation is shown to depend on the reorganization energy of the fundamental electrochemical reaction being large compared to the electrical energy associated with the electron transfer process across the interface. The pre-exponential expression in the Butler–Volmer equation, the exchange current, is shown to depend on the fundamental kinetics of the electrochemical reaction, and some simple examples are given.

Keywords:

overpotential;
reorganization energy;
Butler–Volmer equation;
exchange-current density;
Franck–Condon principle


Microaggression is defined as subtle and often unconscious or automatic actions or statements made towards a discriminated group. It causes distress, anxiety and isolation. Microaggression can often lead to demoralisation and a feeling that one is in a constant psychological warfare. It is also ubiquitous in nature. This paper is a reflection on my experiences of microaggression as a black female academic gathered from working in six universities across five countries and two continents. I use autoethnography underscored by critical race theory thinking. The reflection has a multicultural face and is done in light of the extant literature on gendered, racial and non-native microaggression in the academic world. I find close similarities in my experiences with others. I conclude that microaggressions are ubiquitous and are inevitable in a multicultural setting. Victims need to acknowledge microaggressions and be assertive in order to mitigate the associated negative effects. Further, counterspaces provide a very useful platform for challenging the inaccuracy of victims' lived experiences and serve as a source of validation.


QUICKTALK is a dialect of Smalltalk-80 that can be compiled directly into native machine code, instead of virtual machine bytecodes. The dialect includes "hints" on the class of method arguments, instance variables, and class variables. We designed the dialect to describe primitive Smalltalk methods. QUICKTALK achieves improved performance over bytecodes by eliminating the interpreter loop on bytecode execution, by reducing the number of message send/returns via binding some target methods at compilation, and by eliminating redundant class checking. We identify changes to the Smalltalk-80 system and compiler to support the dialect, and give performance measurements.


While the Gospel of John makes some forceful and explicit claims about the identity of Jesus and the character of his mission, it also invites readers into a deepened appreciation of its claims. Part of its strategy for doing so is to exploit ambiguity and to point to what the readers do not know. The article explores three examples of this pedagogical strategy: the deliberately hidden identity of the Beloved Disciple; the initial deeds of Jesus, labelled 'signs', which, however, do not in any direct and obvious way 'signify' anything, as the later works do; and the question debated by the crowds in Jerusalem, of where Jesus is from. In each case recognition of the unknown can be the first step towards discovering Truth.


This article describes an interactive activity illustrating general properties of hypothesis testing and hypothesis tests for proportions. Students generate, collect, and analyze data. Through simulation, students explore hypothesis testing concepts. Concepts illustrated are: interpretation of pvalues, type I error rate, type II error rate, power, and the relationship between type I and type II error rates and power. This activity is appropriate for use in an introductory college or high school statistics course.


We investigated hospital and midterm outcome of patients operated for an aortic valve replacement (AVR) with a pericardial Perimount or a Porcine Hancock‐II valve.


An analysis of neurodystrophical lesions of the bone-joint apparatus of spinal etiology permitted to establish some general regularities and their expression and to detect their interrelation between disturbances of the spinal trophical functions as well. Neurodystrophical lesions should be considered as indices of disturbed spinal trophical functions and secondary inadequacy of the locomotor system.


A actually captured a scene of additional tied to the scene visual elements is rich video with a scene to be incorporated therein, display on a communication mobile terminal the camera is equipped with (2), It said video enriched operation in the scene is performed in the remote communication system (3), a communication method including a display that is supplied to the mobile terminal (2) in real time.