In this paper, based on the analysis of the ovserved data, a set of theories is proposed of the transport of heper-concentrated sediment, the basic points of which are: (1) The hyperconcentrated flow can be divided into homogeneous and non-homogeneous flow. The former is in the sphere of resistance work, while the latter is in the sphere of suspension work. With the hyperconcentrated flow in natural rivers, including volcanic lava and debris flows, the theory in sediment transport follow the non-equilibrium hyperconcentrated sediment transport theory.


In an attempt to prevent rust on car bodies, various improvements have been made through such measures as use of precoated steel sheets, transfer of phosphate treatment toward full dipping, incorporation of cationic ED primer, and adoption of wax injection.Since introduction into Japan in 1978, the full dip process for phosphate treatment of car bodies has been subjected to many studies in the aspect of production techniques as well as in chemicals.Treating practices for the practical application have substantially been established, and the process has already been diffused to 58% of all the car body production lines in Japan.The phosphate coating plays a particularly important role because of its location between the steel substrate and the painted film. More specifically, it should be capable of coping with new properties of new steel sheet materials and new paint materials not experienced by the industry.Zinc phosphate coating essentially consists of hopeite, Zn3(PO4)2• 4H2O and phosphophyllite, Zn2Fe(PO4)2•4H2O: a higher phosphophyllite content is more favorable for preventing deterioration of wet adhesion in cationic ED painting. This is due to the superior alkali resistance of phosphophyllite. As compared with the spray process, the full dip process is more advantageous in that more Fe2+ dissolved from the substrate during the initial stage of reaction can be incorporated into the coating.In a galvanized steel sheet, in contrast, the absence of Fe2+ source results in a coating consisting of hopeite alone. Hopeite can however be excellent in alkali resistance in some grain orientations which are controllable by the galvanized layer of substrate and the composition of chemicals. A phosphate coating is more excellent in corrosion resistance, if the grain size is smaller and the porosity is lower. Such a coating is more easily available by the full dip process than by the spray process.


By using various sulfate solutions of Co and Ni, Co-Ni alloys were electro-deposited on oxide coating of aluminum, anodized in sulfuric acid. Co-Ni layers which precipitated in micro-pores of the oxide films showed magnetic anisotropy in vertical and horizontal directions. The present study resulted in the following observation:(1) X-ray analyses revealed that the h. c. p. α-structure of Co changed to the f. c. c. β-structure when the Ni content exceeded about 50%.(2) The coercive force along the direction perpendicular to the surface varied between 750Oe of pure Ni and 1100Oe of pure Co and had the minimum value of 700Oe at the Co content of about 50%. However, the coercive force along the horizontal direction was the maximum, 1150Oe, nearly at the same Co content.(3) The composition dependence of the magnetic remanence was similar to that of the coercive force. The maximum value of the magnetic remanence was about 600 Gauss. It was considered that the anisotropy along the lateral direction was caused by the deposit crystals with the lamellar structures.


Realising the full potential of our seas and ocean demands responsible, sustainable approaches to their economic development. A durable balance between increasing ocean uses and marine ecosystems' integrity requires actions on multiple fronts, and new thinking and fresh approaches are required in many areas. This need is occurring at a time when science, technology and innovation (STI) activities are undergoing major changes. Galvanised by digitalisation, the transformation of research and innovation processes is speeding up, while the adoption of disruptive technologies and new collaborative mechanisms is gaining ground in many parts of the world.


The influence of antiparkinsonian drug gimantan on cerebral blood flow was evaluated during the experiments on inbred intact rats and rats with cerebral ischemia model. Gimantan (10 mg/kg) induces a long-term increase (up to 30 – 40% for 90 min) in local cerebral blood flow in rats after global transient ischemia, while the cerebrovascular activity of the drug in the experiments on intact rats lasted for 20 min. The analysis of the cerebrovascular effect of gimantan used in combination with haloperidol and bicuculline showed that the increase of cerebral blood flow under conditions of ischemia is mostly related to the drug influence on GABA-ergic mechanisms of vascular tone regulation, since bicuculline substantially reduces the vasodilatory effect of the drug, while D-receptor antagonist haloperidol does not affect this action of gimantan.


Flight test data handling system for a modern development helicopters poses several challenges in configuring, installation and development of software. The experience during the development of Indian Advanced Light Helicopter "DHRUV" was no exception. Being the first major state of the art Helicopter development programme the challenges have been further compounded. • The system has to meet the requirements of handling large volume of high speed digital data from a variety of sources like multiple stream PCM, ARINC-429, MIL – 1553B Bus, in addition to high Bandwidth analog. • It has to be flexible enough to handle fast rate of obsolescence in the field of computer hardware and software market. • The software has to present user friendly and easily comprehensible processed summary fast enough so that the data processing system keeps pace with the demands of a development environment.


Six insecticides spray were evaluated by taking one highly susceptible 'T(N)1' and another resistant cultivar, 'Vikramarya', under glasshouse conditions. Among the insecticides, buprofezin (@1.6 g/L) and imidacloprid (@ 0.25 ml/L) controlled the insect vector population fully without any RTD infection in T(N)1 after one and five days of treatment. These were significantly superior over than rest of the treatments. The spray of difenthiuron and dinotefuron @ 0.2% concentration were found effective significantly in controlling the insect vector population (94%) and decreasing the RTD infection of 75%. In rice cultivar, Vikramarya, buprofezin (@1.6 g/L), imidacloprid (@ 0.25 ml/L), dinotefuran (@ 2 g/L), difenthiuron (@1.2 ml/L) full control of insect and no RTD infection at one and five days after treatment.


【Objective】 Effects of adding inositol in the germination process on the content of dissociative metal were investigated to provide information for developing a more reasonable malting process.【Method】 Using barley"schooner"as the experimental medium,Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry(ICP-AES)was adopted for studying the content changes of dissociative metal ions Ca2+,Mg2+,Zn2+,K+,and Na+ under the influence of inositol additives in the barley sprout process.【Result】 We found that adding exogenous inositol could improve the contents of the dissociative metal ions in the germination process.Compared to the control group,the largest content of Ca2+,Mg2+,Zn2+,K+,and Na+ could be increased by 7.5%,4.2%,30.3%,9.8% and 7.9%,respectively.【Conclusion】 The inositol can promote the release of metal ions in barley germination process and improve the content of free metal ions.


How effective are Community Development Associations in curbing the challenge of flood in Nigeria? This study investigated the efforts of Community Development Associations, which have been arguably classified as a fourth tier of government, in flood management, using the Omologede Community Development Association as a case in point. The study adopted the mixed research method; purposive sampling technique was used in gathering primary data, while secondary data were gathered from relevant journal articles, text books and other secondary sources. The study concludes that community development associations can play more developmental roles in the community if given better attention by the government, and incorporated into the development process. It recommends an improved personal and environmental sanitation behavior from the indigenes in the community as well as improved flood management rules and regulation by the Community Development Association.


This paper consists of two parts. The first part presents a review of the recent development in broadband circularly polarized filtering antennas. The second part presents a novel design of broadband integrated filtering antenna based on eighth-mode SIW (EMSIW) resonators for rectenna applications. This work has three main novel contributions. First, by adjusting the external quality factors and coupling coefficients of the resonators in this filtering antenna, optimum input impedance with a complex value can be realized within the filtering antenna. Thus there is no need for an external impedance matching network, which is usually required between the antenna and the rectifying circuits; Second, compared with traditional microstrip resonators, high-Q EMSIW cavities are used to increase antenna gain; third, the coupling gap between the EMSIW resonators also acts as the feeding structure of the radiator. So the feeding structures are all on the middle layer. The ground plane on the back side is a complete structure without any defects. This novel structure design improves front-to-back ratio to enhance the antenna receiving efficiency. To validate this method, two C-band circularly polarized integrated filtering antennas with an input impedance of 50  $\Omega $  and complex impedance are designed, simulated, and fabricated. The measured results show that the operating frequency bandwidth of the proposed antennas is more than 14.5% at C-band with the gain above 8 dBi. The 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth is larger than 8.5% and the front-to-back ratio is higher than 18 dB. Moreover, the proposed antenna with complex impedance is conjugate matched with the input impedance of a specific rectifying circuit at 5.8 GHz and harmonics suppression at the second-harmonic frequency is achieved.


This documents presents the pre-analysis plan for the second year's data of the KiuFunza project which is a randomized evaluation of the impact of input and incentive based approaches to improving early grade learning outcomes, as well as the interaction of the two approaches. The project is being implemented and overseen by Twaweza a non-profit initiative in Tanzania, and the evaluation is being led by Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA), with the lead researchers being Prof. Isaac Mbiti and Prof. Karthik Muralidharan. This document is being prepared and registered after the first year of data has been collected and analyzed (to generate hypotheses) but before the second year of data have been analyzed. The aim of this pre-analysis plan is to discipline the types of heterogeneity that we will analyze and to specify the specific questions in the survey instruments that will be used to define variables of interest. The KiuFunza project features 3 treatment arms and a control group and is implemented across a representative sample of 350 schools across 10 districts in Tanzania. The treatment arms are:


Some problems that arise over the three concepts named in the title are discussed with the help of passages drawn from classical Latin works.


This paper presents a new topology to reduce the largest limitation on resonant inverters due to the resonance frequency dependency to load change. Load power variation under different conditions causes the resonant circuits become inductive or capacitive and consequently current flowing through switches will be lagging or leading in which in both cases eliminates the soft switching properties of the resonant circuits. By proposing new structure zero-current switching (ZCS) will be fulfilled and the current of the switches becomes load independent. The proposed topology reduces fabrication costs and overall losses and also the size of the converter will be reduced. The modeling and analysis has been supported with detailed simulation to verify the proposed topology.


Significance Craniofacial development is a complex morphogenic event that relies on highly orchestrated interactions between multiple cell types. Since the first description of Meckel's cartilage in the lower jaw more than 180 years ago, we have come to realize that expansion of this specialized structure underpins correct mandible development. Here we demonstrate that an intricate association between neural crest cells and blood vessels plays an important role in promoting chondrocyte proliferation and expansion of Meckel's cartilage as a prerequisite of correct mandibular morphogenesis. These findings provide direct insight into the origins and potential treatments of highly prevalent disorders affecting the mandible. Jaw morphogenesis depends on the growth of Meckel's cartilage during embryogenesis. However, the cell types and signals that promote chondrocyte proliferation for Meckel's cartilage growth are poorly defined. Here we show that neural crest cells (NCCs) and their derivatives provide an essential source of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to enhance jaw vascularization and stabilize the major mandibular artery. We further show in two independent mouse models that blood vessels promote Meckel's cartilage extension. Coculture experiments of arterial tissue with NCCs or chondrocytes demonstrated that NCC-derived VEGF promotes blood vessel growth and that blood vessels secrete factors to instruct chondrocyte proliferation. Computed tomography and X-ray scans of patients with hemifacial microsomia also showed that jaw hypoplasia correlates with mandibular artery dysgenesis. We conclude that cranial NCCs and their derivatives provide an essential source of VEGF to support blood vessel growth in the developing jaw, which in turn is essential for normal chondrocyte proliferation, and therefore jaw extension.


Monodispersed spherical Cu2O particles were prepared by reducing Cu(OH)2 with glucose.The products were characterized by XRD,SEM and Smileview software.It has been found when the reaction temperature and glucose concentration rose,the mean grain diameter of Cu2O was enlarged,and when NaOH concentration decreased,the mean grain diameter of Cu2O was reduced.The final particle density n+∞ was in liner relationship with the initial reaction rate controlling factors.The effects of reaction temperature and reactant concentrations on particle diameter of Cu2O powder were investigated and the mechanism of size control is discussed on basic theory of crystal nucleation and growth.


Cognitive interviews are commonly used in the survey research world as a question evaluation method to test survey questions before they go into the field. Typically, they are done in-person face-to-face; however, some target populations such as doctors or farmers are very difficult to reach in-person and other interview modes such as telephone interviewing may be more feasible and less costly. To date, little published research has examined the effectiveness of conducting cognitive interviews over the telephone. Many researchers face budget and staff time constraints at the same time that respondents are becoming harder to contact in-person and demand for larger samples has increased. All of these factors contribute to the appeal of conducting cognitive interviews by telephone. This study looked at the benefits and challenges of conducting cognitive interviews over the phone. Eight cognitive interviewers were interviewed about their experiences conducting telephone cognitive interviews. Based on their experience, benefits of phone cognitive interviewing included better access to busy or disadvantaged populations, ability to get more sample variation, and cost and time efficiencies related to less travel and easier scheduling. Challenges included lost nonverbal cues and the need for more probing, more complicated logistics such as incentives, multi-tasking respondents, and more difficulty testing graphics, building rapport, and tracking instrument navigation. Most interviewers felt that in-person interviews were preferable but that if for some reason they could not do them in-person then phone would be better than not doing the interview at all. At the same time, most interviewers felt that the quality of the phone interview data was good enough compared to in-person interview data because they got what they needed for the analysis; however, they acknowledged that it was difficult to compare without a direct comparison within the same project.


The invention discloses a mobile-terminal power supply, which comprises a lithium-ion battery pack and a DC-DC (Direct Current-Direct Current) booster, wherein the lithium-ion battery pack is formed by connecting a plurality of lithium-ion battery parallel packs in series, and each lithium-ion battery parallel pack comprises a plurality of lithium-ion batteries; a 28V direct-current voltage is provided for a mobile-terminal 10W power amplifier based on a Beidou satellite after the voltage output by the lithium-ion battery pack is boosted by the DC-DC booster; because the lithium-ion batteries have better capacity and volume ratios, the mobile-terminal power supply disclosed by the invention has the advantages of small size, light weight but long continuous usage time; and in addition, because a battery-monitoring circuit is added between the lithium-ion battery pack and the DC-DC booster, the charge and the discharge of the lithium-ion battery pack can be switched, the overcharge and the overdischarge of the lithium-ion batteries can be avoided, and the using period of the mobile-terminal power supply is improved.


Programmable logic controller(PLC) has been widely applied in the industrial production and the reliability of PLC control system will directly affect the efficiency and safety of the production.By analyzing some primary factors influencing the reliability of PLC control system,several methods enhancing the reliability of system have been proposed.These methods have the universal significance and the practical value to enhance the stability of PLC control system.


An approach for image enhancement in case of smoothed images with a Known kernel is suggested, it is assumed t'hat the original image could be successfully restored if a correction proportional to the difference between it and the smoothed image is applied. Since the originai image is not known the correct values of the differences at the corresponding pixels are not known, as 'weft. To solve the problem, a second smooth is applied and the proportionality coefficients is evaluated such that the difference between the two images is optimal in terms of minimal squares. Comparisons with other approaches have shown that the new method yields almost the same or better quality of the restored images at a significantly low computational time.


2021. Samples of fine structured Cu were fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) of compacts of Cu nanopowder/micron-sized powder blend with a ratio of 3:7 by weight, and one of the SPSed samples was further processed by hot extrusion. The microstructures of the as-SPSed and the as-extruded samples and the tensile properties and fracture behavior of the as-extruded sample were studied. It was found that the microstructures of the samples consist of a concoction of ultrafine and coarse grains with high dislocation densities ( ~ 1015 m -2 ) as a result of microstructural evolution during material processing. Some nanograins were oxidized to form Cu 2 O particles residing around the coarse grains. Extrusion of the SPSed sample increases its microhardness from 70 HV to 90 HV. The electrical conductivity of the as-extruded sample reaches 87% international annealed copper standard (IACS), and its tensile properties are 200 MPa for yield strength, 218 MPa for ultimate tensile strength and 9% for elongation to fracture. The tensile test specimens from the as-extruded sample exhibit nearly ideal plastic deformation and undergo ductile fracture, suggesting that the fine-grained copper is a highly desirable material for high strength electrical


The THERMIX-KONVEK code was used to model the steady state and dynamic thermal behavior of the US pebble bed modular HTR concept and trial calculations for accident conditions were performed. Results of these trial calculations are compared with other predictions by ORNL and by industrial proponents. The basic equations, assumptions, and calculational technique employed in THERMIX-KONVEK are presented. Code validation efforts conducted at Kernforschungsanlage-Juelich (KFA) are summarized, and the applicability of the code to the US pebble bed modulator HTR is assessed. It was concluded that the code is applicable to analyses of the safety behavior of the US modular pebble bed HTR. Significant code validation has been conducted using out-of-reactor test loops at KFA. Predicted results agree well with measured data except for test conditions leading to asymmetric behavior which cannot be predicted with the two-dimensional THERMIX-KONVEK model. Suggestion are made for additional code development including comparison of code predictions with reactor operating data.


In this paper,By extended Hamming codes is the dual codes of the first-order Reed-Muller code,reseaching the rth generalized Hamming weight of bextended Hamming code?and the expression of the rth generzlized Hamming weight is given?At same time the weight hierarchy and distribution function polynomial of it are discussed?


A device for differentiation of tissue is provided. It includes a first laser transmission source outputting a first laser beam, wherein the output of the first laser transmission source is transmitted into the tissue. A second laser transmission source is provided which emits a second laser beam which has a wavelength that is different from that of the first laser beam. The output of the first and second laser transmission source is transmitted into the tissue. A needle system for insertion into the tissue, receives together with an acoustic receiver which acoustic waves generated in the transmission of the outputs of the first and second laser transmission sources into the tissue. A related method is also submitted.


The Islamic Republic of Iran has faced many domestic and foreign policy challenges since its adevent four decades ago. It has managed not only to survive these challenges so far, but also to expand its regional influence. It has sought to ensure its national security by building its hard and soft power within an asymmetrical warfare strategy, designed so that its response to an external attack makes that assault very costly for its perpetrator. This article seeks to elucidate and analyse the Islamic Republic's capability in this respect.


The article considers examples of using different methods of psycholinguistics: method of experts, method of free definitions, cluster analysis, association method and the way these methods can help in studying representation of different notions, concepts and values in Russians' naive continuousness.


Portable scanners are versatile, and can speed up many routine jobs, from inventory work to adding repetitive notes to barcoding. They can be especially handy for large systems with centralized processing. However, setting them up isn't necessarily an intuitive process, but it's definitely a collaborative one. The University of Iowa 's experience getting a portable scanner up and running had many twists and frustrations before the scanner was operational. Chief among these were getting information into the scanner and back out in a useful manner and interfacing the scanner with Note Pad and Excel.

Audience: Circulation, technical services

Version: 15.2.3

Educational outcomes: To help other libraries avoid the pitfalls that bedeviled Iowa


Weather events effecting society typically occur on regional and even local scales. Thus, the underlying motivation for improving weather prediction on regional scales is to meet user demands for improvements in the accuracy, lead-time, confidence and utilization of forecasts of weather that have a significant impact on society, the economy and the environment. One aspect of this high impact weather is regional disasters. The frequency of disasters worldwide is illustrated in Fig. 1. Weather events account for approximately two thirds of the natural disasters in the form of floods, wind storms, slides (e.g., primarily mud slides and avalanches induced by precipitation), extreme temperatures (e.g., urban heat wave), and wild fires (typically associated with high winds, low humidity and high temperatures). Floods and wind storms (primarily tropical cyclones) are by far the most common type of disasters that impact our planet accounting for over half of the disasters. The character, intensity and impacts of these disasters vary on regional and even local scales.


It is one of the central claims of construction grammar that constructions are organized in some kind of network, commonly referred to as the constructicon. In the classical model of construction grammar, developed by Berkeley linguists in the 1990s, the constructicon is an inheritance network of taxonomically related grammatical patterns. However, recent research in usage-based linguistics has expanded the classical inheritance model into a multidimensional network approach in which constructions are interrelated by multiple types of associations. The multidimensional network approach challenges longstanding assumptions of linguistic research and calls for a reorganization of the constructivist approach. This Element describes how the conception of the constructicon has changed in recent years and elaborates on some central claims of the multidimensional network approach.


The model is found under two moving-mass's framework,and simulated ballistic parameters based on additive aerodynamics moment and additive inertia tensor,the result shows that it is possible to correct trajectory by this framework,and stability can be guaranteed during flight of projectile.


The Large Plasma Device at the University of California, Los Angeles has recently been upgraded. The plasma is now 18m long (the device is 22m long) and is designed to produce a 0.36T axial magnetic field. Its plasma source has also been upgraded, incorporating a 1m square heater, a 72cm diameter cathode and anode, and associated heat shields and reflectors. The barium oxide coated cathode is heated to 750°C and can produce plasmas of diameters up to 0.9m diameter (depending on the magnetic field configuration), and densities up to 7×1012cm−3 with a spatial uniformity of ±10%.


Multi-source electrical systems rely on performing energy management to have a minimal operational cost while satisfying the energy demand. In this paper, an existing hybrid nano-grid composed of PV panels, a diesel generator, and batteries is used for the investigation purpose. The behavior of the actual electrical system is studied through its equivalent model developed in MATLAB/Simulink®. Recently, we noticed space for improvement in the control settings of the multi-source system. To further confirm the impact of these input set points on the usage of the diesel engine, a sensitivity analysis is also performed. An optimization based on a genetic algorithm demonstrates that changing these control set points through the different periods of the year could improve diesel engine usage and help to penetrate more renewable energy from PV modules.


Abstract Japanese productions of Shakespeare's plays are almost always discussed with exclusive focus upon their visual, musical and physical aspects without any due considerations to their verbal elements. Yet the translated texts in the vernacular, in which most of Japanese stage performances of Shakespeare are given, have played crucial part in understanding and analysing them as a whole. This paper aims to illuminate the importance of the verbal styles and phraseology of Shakespeare's translated texts by analysing Nakayashiki Norihito's all-female productions of Hamlet (2011) and Macbeth (2012) in the historical contexts of Japanese Shakespeare translation.


The present state of our knowledge about the biosynthetic processes leading to the inositols is reviewed. On the basis of experimental data obtained in the laboratory of the authors and by other groups working on the problem, anew mechanism of action for the mammalian myo-inositol- 1-phosphate synthase is suggested. The central position of myo-inositol in the synthesis of the other inositols is described.


The molecular transport of benzene, toluene, p-xylene, ethylbenzene, chlorobenzene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, and mesitylene into miscible polymeric blends of ethylene-propylene random copolymer and isotactic polypropylene has been investigated at 25, 40, 55, and 70°C. For all liquids, the solvent transport rate, equilibrium uptake and degree of penetrant overshoot are influenced by the nature of the solvent molecules and by the temperature. Sorption- desorption-resorption-redesorption (S-D-RS-RD) experiments have been carried out to determine the sorption equilibrium and diffusion coefficients. These S-D-RS-RD experiments are a convenient way of studying the weight loss, if any, during the long-term solvent exposure, which may be associated with the release of residuals. The activation parameters for diffusion, permeation, and sorption have been obtained. The concentration dependence of diffusivity has been studied. The morphology of the membrane material has been investigated using XRD and scanning electron microscopy.


We consider parameterized exponential integrals coming from the time evolution of the probability distribution of Brownian motion on globally subanalytic sets. We establish definability results and asymptotic expansions.


AI is playing an important role in promoting sustainable development, but the carbon footprint caused by AI is scaling quickly and may partly offset the effort to reduce carbon emissions. However, recommendations for limiting the AI carbon footprint are lacking. In order to address this gap in the literature, this paper first constructs a tripartite evolutionary game model by taking governments, AI industry alliances, and consumers into consideration, and then exploring the impacts of key factors on these three players' strategy selection based on the case of smart air conditioner consumption in China. The results show that the behavior of governments has an important influence on the behavior of AI industry alliances and consumers. The ideal consequence is that governments adopt an unregulated strategy, AI industry alliances adopt a green development strategy, and consumers adopt a green purchase strategy. Regulation by governments is indispensable for limiting the AI carbon footprint during an early stage but becomes dispensable when the system reaches an optimal state. Although a tendency toward green consumption, image benefit, regulatory cost, carbon price, and the subsidies given to consumers and AI industry alliances can largely influence the strategy selection of governments, governments are most sensitive to carbon prices and the subsidies given to consumers. AI industry alliances are not sensitive to subsidies, reputation improvement, and reputation loss but are most sensitive to carbon prices. Consumers are most sensitive to green consumption tendencies, self-satisfaction, and utility but are not sensitive to subsidies.


Reasonable and scientific classification and urgency classification of emergency materials is the premise and basis of emergency management, which affects the effect and efficiency of emergency rescue. Emergency medical materials are related to people's life, health, and safety. In this paper, based on the early stage of COVID-19, the demand for emergency medical materials is combined to determine the demand grading evaluation indicator system, and factor analysis is used to reduce the dimensionality of data and to determine the weights of each indicator. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation model is established and the demand for emergency medical materials is graded by clustering.


Objective: To verify if inhalation anesthesia administered during right lobe hepatectomy for living donor transplantation, as performed at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, could attenuate postoperative liver dysfunction in these patients. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed perioperative data of 56 patients who underwent right lobe hepatectomy for l iving donor transplantation. Patients were separated into two groups: one group received inhalation anesthesia, and another received total intravenous anesthesia. Results: Standard liver function tests: prothrombin time, platelet count, ALT/AST were not statistically different in patients who received inhalation anesthesia compared to total intravenous anesthesia in the early postoperative period. Conclusion: Hepatoprotective properties of inhalation anesthesia could not be demonstrated in this retrospective study when compared to intravenous anesthesia in patients submitted to right lobe hepatectomy. Increased safety of this procedure for the donor is mandatory. Therefore, strategies resulting in preservation of liver function, like preconditioning, deserve further studies.


The beam quality of the Stokes output of a Raman fiber amplifier based on a long multimode graded-index fiber is examined. The beam quality of the Stokes output is modeled by considering the relative gain of the Stokes modes of the fiber; this model predicts that the beam quality of the coupled Stokes beam and the beam quality of the coupled pump beam determine the beam quality of the Stokes output. Experimental investigations validate this model by showing that the beam quality of the Stokes output is similar to the beam quality of the Stokes input.


Chapter 6 builds on the discussion of Chapter 5, taking a closer look at the content and material character of the monastic nomocanons produced under Norman rule. It observes that the manuscripts can be divided into three broad categories in which text and aesthetics are closely aligned: 'traditional' monastic nomocanons of the Southwest (i.e. Calabria, Lucania, Sicily); 'deluxe' nomocanons of Rossano and Messina; and two nomocanons produced by St Nicholas of Casole in the Salento. The traditional nomocanons are characterised by archaic textual content (primarily the Nomocanon in Fifty Titles) and simple, old-fashioned Italo-Greek ornamental styles. By contrast, the 'deluxe' nomocanons of Rossano and Messina were based on an eleventh-century Byzantine model imported in the early twelfth century by St Bartholomew of Simeri, even mimicking the Perlschrift calligraphy and Blüttenblat style of art. Like the traditional nomocanons, the deluxe manuscripts were evidently intended for use as practical reference guides. The Casulan manuscripts, for their part, demonstrate a unique connection to twelfth-century Byzantium, containing Aristenos' commentary on the Synopsis of Canons (c. 1130) and a unique witness to Arsenios of Philotheou's (different) Synopsis of Canons. The Casulan nomocanons represent a more didactic turn, in which canon law is used more as a source for teaching correct religious practice than as the basis of a formal juridical system.


Particle colliders with polarized beams require careful control of spin depolarization. During acceleration spin is subjected to intrinsic and imperfection resonances resulting in depolarization. Extra source of depolarization is beam-beam collisions. Due to beam-beam interaction, particle motion become essentially nonlinear and under some circumstances unstable. In present paper effect of beam-beam collision on spin depolarization in a protonproton collider is studied. Performed study indicates, that spin depolarization due to beam-beam collisions is suppressed if beam-beam interaction is stable and if operation point is far enough from spin resonances. Meanwhile, under beam-beam instability, spin is a subject of strong depolarization. Analytical estimations are confirmed by results of computer simulations. 1 PARTICLE BETATRON MOTION Let us consider a collider ring with two installed Siberian Snakes. We use a two-dimensional particle model in phase space (x, px), (y, py), where x and y are particle positions, px = βx * (dx/dz) and py = βy * (dy/dz)) are particle momentum, βx * = R /Qx and βy * = R /Qy are average values of beta-functions of the ring, R is a ring radius, Qx and Qy are betatron tunes. Particle motion between subsequent collisions combines linear matrix with betatron angles θx = 2πQx, θy = 2πQy, perturbed by beam-beam interaction: xn+1 px n+1 yn+1 py n+1 = cosθx sinθx 0 0 sinθx cosθx 0 0 0 0 cos θy sinθy 0 0 sin θy cosθy xn px n + ∆px n yn py n + ∆py n . (1) Beam-beam kicks ∆px , ∆py n are expressed as a result of interaction of particles with opposite beam with Gaussian distribution function ∆px n = 4πξxn 1 exp[rn /(2σn )] [rn 2 /(2σn )] , (2) and similar for ∆py . Parameter ξ is a beam-beam parameter, which characterizes the strength of interaction: ξ = N ro β * 4π σ γ , (3) where N is a number of particles per bunch, ro = q/(4πεomc) is a classical particle radius, σ is a transverse standard deviation of the opposite beam size and γ is a particle energy. 2 SPIN MATRIX Rotation of spin S = (Sx, Sy, Sz) in a ring is calculated as a product of spin matrixes in a lattice arc, in Siberian Snakes and in the interaction region. Matrix of spin advance in an lattice arc is described as a matrix of spin rotation in dipole magnet with bending angle υ: Dυ = cos (ωδz) 0 sin ( ωδz) 0 1 0 sin (ωδz) 0 cos ( ωδz) , (4) where ωδz = (1+Gγ)υ and G = 1.79285 is the anomalous magnetic moment of the proton. Matrixes of Siberian Snakes are given by S1 = 0 0 1 0 -1 0 1 0 0 , S2 = 0 0 -1 0 -1 0 -1 0 0 . (5) Spin advance after crossing the interaction point is described as follow [1] : Sx Sy Sz = 1a(B+C) ABa + Cb ACa Bb ABa -Cb 1a(A+C) BCa +Ab ACa + Bb BCa Ab 1a(A +B) Sx,o Sy,o Sz,o , (6) A = Px Po , B = Py Po , C = Pz Po , Po = Px 2 + Py 2 + Pz 2 , (7) a = 1 cos (Po δz) , b = sin (Po δz) , (8) Px = 16π G γξ σ 2 β* l y r2 [1 exp ( r 2 2σ2 )] , (9) Py = 16π G γξ σ 2 β* l x r2 [1 exp ( r 2 2σ2 )] , Pz = 0,(10) where δz = l /2 is an interaction distance and l is a bunch length.


Farmed New Zealand Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Walbaum have been found to be infected by rickettsia-like organisms (NZ-RLO). While these Gram-negative intra-cellular bacteria are closely related to Piscirickettsia salmonis, a significant pathogen for farmed salmon globally, the pathogenicity of NZ-RLO is unknown. The aim of the present study was to determine if one strain, NZ-RLO2, causes disease in Chinook salmon. Post-smolt salmon were inoculated with NZ-RLO2 by intraperitoneal injection at high, medium and low doses and observed for 30 d. All fish in the high and medium dosed groups died by the end of the study and 63% of the low dose group died within 30 d of inoculation. Necropsy revealed the fish inoculated with NZ-RLO2 had internal multifocal haemorrhages. The most consistent histological finding in fish inoculated with NZ-RLO2 was neutrophilic and necrotizing pancreatitis and steatitis with intra-cytoplasmic organisms often visible within areas of inflammation. Other histological lesions included multifocal hepatic necrosis, haematopoietic cell necrosis and splenic and renal lymphoid depletion. The presence of NZ-RLO2 within the inoculated fish was confirmed by replication in cell culture and qPCR. The results suggest NZ-RLO2 can cause disease in Chinook salmon and therefore could be a significant pathogen in farmed Chinook salmon.


This paper describes how grading techniques and design methods have undergone little change over the past 20 years. However, a new approach called "Landform Grading" is currently in use on a major land development project in Southern California. The project is being well received by environmentalists and especially prospective buyers. The technique involves varying slope angles in both a horizontal and vertical direction in order to create a more natural effect to both cut and fill slopes. This technique requires a more careful and thorough review by the geologist and soil engineer prior to and during grading. Current procedures still maintain intermediate drainage benches but studies are in progress to determine if these benches may be eliminated or modified on future developments. Erosion control plays a major role in maintaining the slope until an adequate vegetation cover can be established.


Precipitation assimilation poses a special challenge in that the forward model for rain in a global forecast system is based on parameterized physics, which can have large systematic errors that must be rectified to use precipitation data effectively within a standard statistical analysis framework. We examine some key issues in precipitation assimilation and describe several exploratory studies in assimilating rainfall and latent heating information in NASA's global data assimilation systems using the forecast model as a weak constraint. We present results from two research activities. The first is the assimilation of surface rainfall data using a time-continuous variational assimilation based on a column model of the full moist physics. The second is the assimilation of convective and stratiform latent heating retrievals from microwave sensors using a variational technique with physical parameters in the moist physics schemes as a control variable. We will show the impact of assimilating these data on analyses and forecasts. Among the lessons learned are (1) that the time-continuous application of moisture/temperature tendency corrections to mitigate model deficiencies offers an effective strategy for assimilating precipitation information, and (2) that the model prognostic variables must be allowed to directly respond to an improved rain and latent heating field within an analysis cycle to reap the full benefit of assimilating precipitation information. of microwave radiances versus retrieval information in raining areas, and initial efforts in developing ensemble techniques such as Kalman filter/smoother for precipitation assimilation. Looking to the future, we discuss new research directions including the assimilation


The best cooled Schottky diode mixer receivers at mm and submm wavelengths use specially fabricated "cryogenic" diodes. Parameters of these diodes permit one to realize very low noise temperatures when cryocooled, the noise temperature of the UVA2P9-600 diode being less than 50 K at 20 K). Preliminary investigation at 20 K of the I-V characteristics of the available diodes has shown them possessing the noise temperature theoretical limit of about 110 K. This is considerably higher than the noise of the above-mentioned "cryogenic" diode UVA2P9-600. With the purpose of compensating this high level of Schottky diode noise, we have focused our efforts on the reduction of the mixer conversion loss. Our receiver design incorporates a full-height waveguide mixer mount employing no input guide impedance transformer, thus reducing the waveguide channel and backshort losses. The necessary input impedance transformation in this mixer mount is realized immediately at the Schottky diode location. The DSB receiver noise temperature with a full-height waveguide mixer at room temperature is 270 K. For cryogenic operation an overmoded waveguide and linear taper to rectangular waveguide are added to the receiver input circuit.


In this paper, a generalized open-loop and closed-loop analysis of dc voltage boost-up TRC (Time Ratio Control) circuit have been presented. This paper also explores the possibility of the same circuit to be used as a dc voltage regulator. In case of the open-loop system, the experimental results as well as their corresponding computational values obtained both from the existing theory and the one presented here have been discussed.


This is a comment on the article "Integrable Systems in Stringy Gravity" by D. V. Gal'tsov, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 2863, (1995).


New Urbanist neighborhoods aim to improve sustainability by reducing au- tomobile use, increasing walking and cycling, increasing the diversity of land uses and people, and increasing social capital, through strengthened personal and civic bonds. With more New Urbanist communities being constructed, it is now more feasible and necessary to evaluate their success. Much of the existing research uses older, traditional neighborhoods as a proxy for New Urbanism. This research compares a New Urbanist development with two conventional subdivisions and finds that some of the objectives are being fulfilled, in both direct and indirect ways. While New Urbanist residents are walking more, they may not be driving less as a direct result of the New Urbanist design features. Demographic factors appear to explain much of the differences in overall driving.


The assessment and projections of economic growth of Kenya is pegged on the increase in the contribution of the manufacturing sector to the economy. However, this has not been achieved despite prominence in the government development blueprints such as Vision 2030. In reality, the performance and contribution of the Kenyan manufacturing firms to the economy has been worrying especially in the wake of realizations that other sectors of the economy such as real estate and telecommunications have surpassed it on the contribution to the GDP. In Kenya, Manufacturing share of total Kenyan economic output has stagnated at 10 with a declining contribution to total wage employment. It is this fact that necessitated an enquiry on the role of micro factors on the financial performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya. The specific objective was to determine effect of operations practices and firm financial performance, and to establish the moderating effect of firm size on micro factors on firm's financial performance. The macro economic factors included operational practices, production capacity, management practices. Agency theory is used as the foundational theory, with enforcements from wealth maximization theory and the resources based theory. The research design was descriptive research design. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire, from a population of 180 manufacturing firms in Kenya. The response rate was 95%. Descriptive statistics, correlation and regression techniques were used to analyze the data. The results of the study show a statistically positive and significant direct relationship between micro factors on firm financial performance. The results show that relationship between micro factors and firm financial performance is moderated by firm size. It was further established that firm size and firm financial performance were positively and significantly related. The study further concluded that there is a positive relationship between the moderating effect on micro factors and manufacturing firms' financial performance. The study recommends and firm size moderates the relationship between micro factors and financial performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya.
Keywords: Firm size, Micro Factors, Financial Performance, Manufacturing Firms, Kenya


We recently introduced a mM-MCMC scheme that is able to accelerate the sampling of Gibbs distributions when there is a time-scale separation between the complete molecular dynamics and the slow dynamics of a low dimensional reaction coordinate. The mM-MCMC Markov chain works in three steps: 1) compute the reaction coordinate value associated to the current molecular state; 2) generate a new macroscopic proposal using some approximate macroscopic distribution; 3) reconstruct a molecular configuration that is consistent with the newly sampled macroscopic value. There are a number of method parameters that impact the efficiency of the mM-MCMC method. On the macroscopic level, the proposal- and approximate macroscopic distributions are important, while on the microscopic level the reconstruction distribution is of significant importance. In this manuscript, we will investigate the impact of these parameters on the efficiency of the mM-MCMC method on three molecules: a simple three-atom molecule, butane and alanine-dipeptide.


The editorial board announced that this article has been retracted on April 1, 2012. If you have any further question, please contact us at: email@example.com


Causality in electrodynamics is a subject of some confusion, especially regarding the application of Faraday's law and the Ampere-Maxwell law.1–3 This has led to the suggestion that we should not teach students that electric and magnetic fields can cause each other,1 but rather focus on charges and currents as the causal agents.3 In this paper I argue that fields have equal status as casual agents, and that we should teach this. Following a discussion of causality in classical physics, I will use a numerical solution of Maxwell's equations to inform a field-based causal explanation in electrodynamics.


This month's practitioners meeting involved an interesting and fruitful discussion of a new paper published in Infants and Children. The author, Deborah Fidler, of Colorado State University has been working in the field of genetic syndromes associated with intellectual disabilities, including Down syndrome since 1997. This paper clearly and concisely reviews the growing body of research into the already well-established concept of the behavioural phenotype associated with Down syndrome.[1,2] However, the major focus of the paper is to examine the profile from a developmental perspective, i.e. whether the so-called 'typical' (and some might say 'inevitable') profile presented by the majority of individuals in childhood and adolescence is already present and/or becoming established in infancy. She frames this question within the context of early intervention, highlighting the necessity of creating a curriculum and style of delivery, which is grounded in scientific research evidence regarding children with the specific diagnosis of Down syndrome and not a programme that simply fits a wider target audience of children with developmental delay. This review does not aim to describe the typical profile as Sue Buckley reviewed this very clearly in her article 'Specificity in Down syndrome' in the last issue.[4] Instead, the aim is to draw out the conclusions of Deborah's paper with regard to the development across time of the phenotype and some of the implications of this for early intervention and school support.


Internet Explorer is trying to make a comeback with IE9. Will it succeed in its mission? Are these witty, down-to-earth, absolutely honest ads going to change your mind about IE? I love that they know that they suck and take that to their advantage. Really, what's better than making fun of yourself? The making fun…


Tampereen ammattikorkeakoulu Tampere University of Applied Sciences Mechanical and Production Engineering Production Economics KESTI, MIIKA: Building of a hardware environment for a metal 3D printer Bachelor's thesis 39 pages, appendices 2 pages December 2016 As a background for this thesis, there was a major 3D boost and invest development project organised together with the schools in the region of Pirkanmaa. The purpose of the thesis was to find a suitable learning environment within Sastamala municipal Education and Training Consortium, where it would be viable to place a metal 3D printer. The goal was to build a functioning production environment for the metalwork unit in the vocational school of Vammala that would serve in schools as well as other cooperation partners. For the success of the work, it was important to use the knowledge of several experts and not to forget the theoretical framework, when the project was engineered. As a result, a functioning production environment was built for a metal 3D printer that will serving of technology industry in the field of product development. In addition, a prospect for cooperation with other secondary schools and colleges was created. The project was implemented within the set limits without major problems. It allowed the establishment of an operational environment that exploits new technology and will serve more efficiently the rapidly changing demands in education and working life at present and in the future. In the aspect of marketing, the realisation of the project has a clear assignment in the region as on the national level. This thesis can be used in drafting of new investment projects, if the goal is to construct a similar production environment.


The process of oil and gas accumulation is highly complex in Lunnan low uplift due to the fact that hydrocarbon has been generated by multiple petroleum kitchens.Based on the principles of dynamics of petroleum accumulation,we found the macro frame of the hydrocarbon conduits system and conducting pattern of Lunnan petroleum province in this paper.The distribution with basin-scale of the Silurian argulite proves that the Ordovician karst reservoir hasn't been formed,when the Cambrian source rock got into the step of hydrocarbon generating climax in the late Caledonian movement.Therefore,Silurian sand bed was the main lateral conduit path of the oil-gas originated from the Cambrian.Meanwhile,the intense uplift with a long time exposure happened in the early Hercynian movement triggered a deep hypergene karst that upgraded the quality of the carbonate reservoir effectively,and the horizontal migration pathway of the petroleum was the Ordovician karst bed.The essence of the hydrocarbon accumulating in Himalayan movement is a process of adjustment and reconstruction to the Ordovician self-contained pools formed in the Hercynian movement,which included gas washing triggered by the excessive dry gas invasion and the vertical conducting adjustment by faults of various scale.The origin of the Triassic pools in Lunnan,Sangtamu and Jiefangqudong oilfield was mainly controlled by the vertical conduit of discordogenic fault.Furthermore,the powerful seal ability of the overlying cap rock restrained the lateral conducting bed of the dry gas distributed in the Ordovician so that the oil pool in the Ordovician transformed into the secondary condensate pool by fractionation of gas washing.Moreover,the phase fractionation of decompression caused by fractures,intrabed faults that connected Ordovician and Carboniferous in the Sangtamu area and the endostratic fault of Ordovician not only formed the secondary condensates with vapour phase in the Carboniferous traps,but also controlled the distribution of the condensate pool and its fluid property in Lungudong oilfield.


This article explores the prospects of democracy in a future Palestinian state through examination of the relationship between the Palestinian Authority (PA) and the media. After providing an overview of the media under Israeli occupation, the author examines their development and transformation under the PA, including the PA's means of control both formal and informal. While noting the PA's vulnerability to outside pressures and the needfor the press itself to be more assertive in claiming its freedom, the author concludes that the PA's record with the media thus far does not bode wellfor a democratic political culture in Palestine. IN AN AGE OF COMMUNICATION, where information technology has multiplied along with methods of indoctrination and censorship, the tension between the media as a public space and the media as a tool of political control has become a hallmark of postcolonial states. This is true of Palestine as well, though the continuation of Israeli overall rule in the West Bank and Gaza Strip make it a special case. The examination of the Palestinian national reconstruction led by the Palestinian Authority (PA) on the one hand, and the attempts to introduce democratic liberalization demanded by broad sectors of Palestinian society on the other, provide a contemporary example of the tension between the authoritarian and liberal dimensions of the state-building process. External pressures are exerted on the PA to prove its governing capabilities, while at the same time internal pressures by local groups demand open public space. Since this process is still ongoing, it is too soon to assess its results. Still, the current study seeks to shed light on future prospects through highlighting patterns of behavior and responses. The central issues in this context are the extent to which institutional pluralism in the Palestinian media mirrors real diversity and how the PA deals with the dilemma of the autonomy of and control over communications organizations.


The present work of this paper analyses with the effect of heat and mass transfer on free convection flow near an accelerated infinite vertical plate in the presence of transverse magnetic field. The surface is maintained at linear temperature and concentration variations and time dependent wall suction is assumed to occur at the permeable surface. The system of equations such as equation of momentum, energy, mass diffusion has been transformed by usual transformation into a non-dimensional form. Some applications of practical interest are discussed for deferent types of plate motions. The governing equations are solved by the use of Laplace transformation technique and the results obtained are presented graphically for (both primary and secondary) the velocity distribution for the influence of the various parameters like hall parameter, Hartmann number, rotation parameter, Schmidt number, Prandtl number, thermal Grashof number, mass Grashof number. The temperature and concentration profiles are presented graphically.


By numerical simulation with the use of the simplified model of chemical processes in an ozone-generating corona discharge in a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen and after the discharge cessation, the role of nitrogen in ozone production was studied. The role of nitrogen in ozone production was studied by simulating numerically the chemical processes occurring during an ozone-producing corona discharge initiated in a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen and after the discharge termination. A simplified mathematical model was used in these simulations. It is demonstrated that nitrogen is a good catalyst.


The 1st South East Asia Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (SEA-STEM) 2020 R Oktavia1 E Yusibani1 Mailizar1 Suhartono1 Rahmi1 Elizar1 Irwandi1 E Etkina2 G Planinsic3 N Mansour4 N Idris5 C O'Donnell6 K Kagawa7 R Sheffield8 V M Mistades9 O Kaosaiyaporn10 Editorial Team of the 1st SEA-STEM's Publication 1 Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia 2 Graduate School of Education, Rutgers University, USA 3 The University of Ljubljana, Slovenia 4 The University of Exeter, UK 5 The National STEM Movement, Malaysia 6 Smithsonian Science Education Center, USA 7 Fukui University, Japan 8 Curtin University, Australia 9 De La Salle University, Philippines 10 Prince of Sonkla University, Thailand Email: email@example.com The 1st South East Asia Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics International Conference (SEA-STEM) 2020 is held by the STEM Research Center Universitas Syiah Kuala located in Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia on October 20-22, 2020. With the theme "Empowering Science and Transforming Communities through STEM Education," SEA-STEM 2020 aims to be a scientific meeting among researchers and educators in STEM fields. In conjunction with the Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand Growth Triangle University Network (IMT-GT UNINET) STEM meeting, SEA-STEM 2020 is also intended to initiate a STEM movement in South East Asia region. The conference was planned to be a part of a one week STEM carnivals where we expected all participants to meet in Universitas Syiah Kuala's campus. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we should replace the physical conference with the virtual one. The three-day conference has been successfully concluded with 9 keynote speakers and 36 parallel sessions involving 234 presentations. The first keynote session was held on the first day of the conference (October 20, 2021) with three keynote speakers including Prof. Dato' Noraini Idris (Chair of National STEM Movement Malaysia), Prof. Tom Lowrie (Director of Early Learning STEM Australia), and Assoc. Prof. Rachel Sheffield (Curtin University, Australia) delivered their keynote talks for 40 minutes. On the second day, 50-minute keynote speeches were delivered by Dr. Carol O'Donnell (Director of Smithsonian Science Education Center, USA), Prof. Kiichiro Kagawa (Fukui University, Japan), Dr. Indrawati, M.Pd (Director of SEAMEO Qitep in Science, Indonesia) and Prof. Nasser Mansour (Exeter University, UK and Egypt). On the last day, our USG Partner of the USAID PEER Project Dist. Prof. Eugenia Etkina (the ISLE Inventor-Graduate School of Education, Rutgers University, USA) and her research partner Prof. Gorazd Planinsic (University of Ljubljana, Slovenia), in one-hour talks, shared their long-time efforts in developing the Investigative Science Learning Environment (ISLE) approach for instructions and assessments in teaching physics. For keynote sessions we provided a 500-person virtual meeting room and based on the attendance records, about 250-350 participants attended the keynote sessions. On the other hand, for each parallel session, we organized six 100-person virtual meeting rooms that were assigned for parallel talks based on the topics of presentations. In each parallel session meeting room, 4-8 speakers delivered their presentation including the Q&A session in 15 minutes per presenter. Presenters of the conferences are researchers and educators in STEM fields who came from several countries including Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippine, Thailand, China, Japan, Hungary, Nigeria, Macedonia, Germany, UK, Egypt, Australia, Slovenia, and the USA. The virtual conference majorly depended on the reliability of the internet connection and the video conferencing and webinars platform. We hired a third party technical team that has successfully handled the technical aspects of the keynote and parallel sessions. We experienced some technical glitches during the opening ceremony and keynote talks on the first day, such as the voice of the keynote speakers and the national anthem cannot be heard, but the technical team learn from this experience and the keynote and parallel sessions on the next days were successfully held without glitches. We received 257 paper submissions and after a careful review process, 165 of the manuscripts are published in this proceedings. The published papers are divided into 7 tracks including Physics & Physics Education, Mathematics, Mathematics Education, Biology & Biology Education, Chemistry & Chemistry Education, Technology and Engineering, and STEM Education. We hope that the papers will provide new thoughts, ideas, and inspiration for us to improve STEM education in Indonesia as well as in South East Asia. We learned from this experience that even though the virtual conference was a success, a physical conference would provide more interactive engagements among the presenters and participants. However, we realize that the virtual conference enable us to invite that many experts from all around the world to discuss about STEM and STEM education. This might not be possible if we hold a physical conference. Feedback from participants was mostly positive and a community of scholars and educators who work in STEM research and education consisting of former participants of the conference has been established. We would like to express our sincere gratitude to the NAS and USAID and Institute of Research and Community Service (LPPM) Universitas Syiah Kuala, which provided the financial support for SEA-STEM 2020. We also would like to extend our gratitude to all reviewers for their benevolent assistance in reviewing the manuscripts and to all keynote speakers, participants, and presenters of SEA-STEM 2020 for their great contributions to the conference. We hope the development of STEM and STEM education in the South East Asia region will thrive that will benefit not only the countries in the region, but also the world in general. International STEM Committee, Steering Committee, Organizing Committee, Scientific Committee & Reviewers, Schedule of The 1st South East Asia Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics International Conference (SEA-STEM) 2020, and these titles are available in this pdf


To discuss the orientation between back-bumper and back head of vehicle in correlate standards,according to design and manufacture practice about liquefied gas vehicle.To analyze issues about the quality and layout of weld joints in domestic vehicle product,according to the contrast of the same kind product between home and abroad.


Today's industrial sector depends more and more upon cogeneration systems due to their global efficiency and reduced pollution. These systems may operate from conventional fuel sources as well as from renewable energy sources (biomass, solar, fuel cell). Cogeneration is installed as a distributed generation and on-site generation source to profit from the produced heat. The utility can motivate factories to install such systems by permitting them to link their residual production capacity to the electrical grid. This work presents a study concerning the optimized cogeneration capacity to be installed in a factory. Genetic algorithm (GA) optimization method is then used with a sensitivity analysis to find a compromise between the economic and the environmental issues.


The corrosion resistance of 0Cr25Ni20 steel and 0Cr18Ni9Ti steel which have excellent anti-corrosion performance in normal media were studied in melting aluminum solution.The results show that the corrosion process is controlled by the grouth of corrosion layer and complies with the parabolic rule.The corrosion resistance of 0Cr25Ni20 steel is superior to that of 0Cr18Ni9Ti steel.


A new method for propagating uncertainty, based on interpolation theory, is developed to solve the problem of propagating uncertainty in linear interpolating equations. The method is extended to nonlinear equations, and to over-determined linear or nonlinear equations fitted by least-squares methods. The paper also provides an algebraic explanation of the rationale for calibration, describes some effects of correlation on uncertainty propagation and investigates the properties of interpolation errors. Several examples are described showing the application of the method to polynomial interpolation, the amplification of uncertainty with extrapolation and the effects of correlation between uncertainties in corrections.


LGSA promoter for reducing sulfur content in FCC gasoline, developed by Research Institute of Petroleum Processing (RIPP) and manufactured by Catalyst Works of Sinopec Changling Prtrochemical Co., Ltd, was used respectively in FCCU Ⅰof Sinopec Changling Co.,Ltd. and FCCU Ⅰof Sinopec Shijiazhuang Co.,Ltd. The test results showed that LGSA promoter could effectively reduce sulfur content in FCC gasoline, with sulfur removal efficiency of 21.1% and 15.9%, respectively, while loading of the promoter was maintained at 10% of the balance catalyst. The sulfur removed from gasoline and diesel oil was mainly transferred into dry gas, slurry and flue gas. The promoter had little effect on the FCC product distribution and product quality.


The purpose of this study was to examine the content relevance of the 7th national primary science curriculum and textbooks. To fulfill the purpose of the study, we 1) analyzed the 7th national science curriculum of Korea, Californian science standards, the national science curriculum of England and Japan, and current Korean and Japanese science textbooks, 2) conducted a nationwide survey to gather opinions from students, teachers, and professors of teachers` colleges about the relevance of the science curriculum and textbooks. Main findings of this study are as follows: First, the science contents at each grade level should be determined by the students` characteristics, not by an equal portion rule among physics, chemistry, biology and earth science. Second, the excessive overlapping and repetition of contents due to the spiral curriculum should be avoid. Third, the number of topics at each grade level should be reduced, and the similar topics and themes should be integrated for students` deeper understanding. Fourth, the number of science concepts and activities should be reduced to an appropriate level considering the time allotment for science classes, teachers` workload, laboratory conditions, etc. Fifth, differentiated curriculum, such as in-depth and supplementary course, should be described not in science contents, but in teaching and learning strategy.


What should be done, if anything, with the international ocean shipping conference system? Are the ocean carriers involved in U.S. trade lanes abusing their anti-trust immunity privileges? How might the proposed U.S. maritime regulatory reform bill affect conferences dealing with the U.S.? Are there acceptable alternatives to the conference system? The purpose of this article is to answer these questions by examining (1) how the conference system affects U.S. and European shipping, (2) how the proposed U.S. ocean regulatory reform may change the conference system and (3) how alternatives, like carrier alliances and the use of service contracts, may lessen the future role of conference shipping.


The increase in cohabitation in recent years has led researchers to examine the needs and characteristics of parents and children in such families. A cohabiting family is defined as two unrelated adults of the opposite sex who share a housing unit, either with or without children. The number of households of this type is on the rise, and in 2002 there were 4.2 million cohabiting households in the U.S., compared with 2.9 million in 1996 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2003). This represents an increase of almost 45% in a six-year period.


This executive order by Governor Jim Hodges appoints Steve C. Davis to fill the vacant unexpired term of Berkeley County Council, District Eight.


The invention discloses an anchor head displacement measuring device comprising a sensor, an anchor head and a receiving device. The anchor head is fixed to a detected anchor rod. The sensor is fixedly embedded in the anchor head and connected with the receiving device. The sensor is used for collecting rod body data of the detected anchor rod and transmitting the data to the receiving device. The receiving device is used for analyzing and calculating the rod body data collected by the sensor to obtain the actual displacement change rate and displacement increment of the detected anchor rod body. The invention further discloses an anchor head displacement measuring method. By the adoption of the anchor head displacement measuring device and method, the difficulty of detecting and testing the anchor rod can be effectively lowered, work efficiency and detection accuracy are improved, and a guarantee is provided for engineering quality and safety.


The significance of Jude's adventures depends, as recent critics have pointed out, on realization that Hardy's decision to make his last novel "all contrasts"1 was not a supreme indulgence in architectonics, but a con? scious creation of a receding and expanding ground on which more could be said and shown than Victorian strictures would allow. Experience had taught Hardy that after carefully dividing his characters into pairs of op posites, he could allow them to shift positions, change roles, and reveal traits and affinities that link them in juxtaposition. Both the strengths and weaknesses of apparently antithetical types turn out to be closely related, and their virtues and vices appear to have a common source or even to promote a similar end. Ambiguous situations serve equally well. A recent article by Lewis B. Home on the entrapment theme in Jude the Obscure examines thematic shifts, the way in which all that is "cell" in the novel can be either "heaven" or "hell," a sanctuary or a trap, and appears, like Sue to Jude, to constantly "go back" upon itself, "double round the corner!"2 Within a novel whose title page recalled the deadly powers of the letter to a society notorious for asserting its righteousness through cen? sorship, one should not be surprised to find the author's battle lines drawn ultimately in verbal irony.3 Such lines were in fact drawn through a pun? ning play on gins and spirits in the novel, a word game more cutting and more sustained than any Hardy had offered in earlier fiction. It is well worth following, for it not only sharpens perception of Hardy's loss of faith in "reforming the world" by the time he wrote his ultimate "Poor Man' ' novel (cf., EL, p. 81), but it brings out the extent to which he slanted


The carbon deposition and permeation on nickel surfaces were investigated from thermodynamic and kinetic aspects by using density functional theory (DFT), ab initio atomic thermodynamics, and class...


Open and Distance Learning (ODL) has transformed itself to become virtual with minimal or even no physical tutor student contact as academics create learning platforms, mark assignments and even supervise dissertations and thesis online. The Zimbabwe Open University (ZOU) has undergone a lot of transformation since becoming a fully pledged university in 1999. ZOU started with class contact (face to face with tutor) and use of modules but has made great strides towards full use of Electronic learning (e-learning) in line with contemporary global practices in ODL. The study used a survey design and was largely quantitative. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. The study established that the majority of academics' workload had increased as the transition phase was taking longer than expected. A lot of administrative work coupled with inadequate training to effectively use the ZOU My Vista software learning platform, pressure emanating from doctorate degree studies by most academics, the need to undertake research and publish research papers as well as implementing a demanding quality assurance system, were all straining academics. On a positive note, use of e-learning has expedited feedback and communication to students and it is also very convenient to them as they no longer have to travel long distances or queue at regional campuses to see the Regional programme coordinators. The study recommended that more training on e-learning and availability of more accessible infrastructure namely computers and relevant software, would capacitate both academics and students. There is also an urgent need to bring Part time tutors on board who are the majority but currently left out of this e-learning drive, so that there is a strong learning culture at ZOU for improved service delivery.


Review(s) of: The hope factor - mineral discoveries Australia Papua New Guinea and the Phillipines, by Anthony Hope, Anthony R. Hope, Rivervale, NSW, 2011, i-xiii, 536pp. ISBN 9780646553214.


17 ( 1971 ) . Studies on 1 , To s 加 dy the imbibit ま on and germination of seeds qf Leescaena gJawca , various experiments were conducted . 2 . It was observed on the basis of preliminary . laboratory tests that gem 卑 ination was 1 . to 2 per cent and there was seed c at d rmancy ・ 3Mechanical and acid scarifications of seeds have helped the growing radicle to emerge out of hard seed testa . 4 ・ Once the seed coat is abraded and thus open space is provided to radicle , they germmate fu1 匚 y under all the tried conditions of light ( i ) inten 呂 ities ( ii )quality ( 量 ii ) violet (iv) temperature


In this paper, coupled open stub circuits are applied for providing band notch in filter design. Even- and odd-mode excitations for a coupled line can be represented as the equivalent capacitance networks. The rejection bandwidth of the designed filter can be controlled by the mutual capacitance Cm . An ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filter with 5 GHz to 6 GHz rejection band is proposed. To inhibit the signals ranged from 5 to 6 GHz, two pairs of stepped-impedance coupled open stubs are implemented on the multiple-mode resonator (MMR) The designed UWB filter has two transmission bands. The first passband from 2.8 GHz to 5 GHz has less than 0.8 dB magnitude of insertion loss and greater than –15 dB return loss. The second passband within 6 GHz and 10.6 GHz has less than 1.5 dB magnitude of insertion loss and greater than 15 dB return loss. The rejection at 5.5 GHz is better than 50 dB. This filter can be integrated in UWB radio systems and efficiently enhance the interference immunity from WLAN.


Solar energy plays an important role in the temperature distribution on the Earth's surface and essential energy that sustains life for human. In the calculation of solar energy, the limitation of solar radiation data is a major obstacle. Solar radiation data is very limited at some observation stations due to the costly procurement of measuring instruments and complicated techniques. Estimation of global solar radiation using empirical models is one way to overcome the limitations of global solar radiation data at various locations. This study built the Angstrom-Prescott model to estimate global solar radiation based on the sunshine duration's parameter in Aceh Besar Regency. Two years (2019-2020) global solar radiation and sunshine duration data from Aceh Climatological Station were used to estimate global solar radiation in 2021. Data for 2021 was using to evaluated the equation H/H0=0.28+0.22 (n/N), the results showed good model accuracy with an RMSE value of 0.052 and a MAPE of 11% (good forecasting). The model equation has been reliable to calculate solar radiation in four locations in Aceh Besar Regency.


Originally published in Glot International 2, 9-10, page 8-9, December 1996 [1997]. A large flock of Canada Geese (Branta canadensis) is making its yearly autumn migration from the Canadian prairies to California. Viewers on the ground can hear them honking away garrulously as they fly in their famous V-shaped wedge. What do they talk about on their long trips? The geese aim for a new topic every year, though in practice they tend to return to the same small number of basic ideas that have been mulled over by generations of geese before them. This year, they are debating, again, the mysteries of migration, under the Topic of the Year, "Rethinking Innateness".


The chapter "Sensitivity Analysis" reviews why sensitivity analysis is a critical component of mathematical modeling, and the different ways of approaching it. A sensitivity analysis is an attempt to identify the parts of the model (i.e. structure, parameter values) that are most important for governing the output. It is an important part of modeling because it is used to quantify the degree of uncertainty in the model prediction and, in many cases, is the main goal of the model (i.e. the model was developed to identify the most important ecological processes). The chapter covers the idea of "local" versus "global" sensitivity analysis via individual parameter perturbation, and how interactive effects of parameters can be revealed via Monte Carlo analysis. Structural versus parameter uncertainty is also explained and explored.


The present invention according to which the pointing device mounted on the machine query formatting method of the indicated manner. The present invention allows the user shows a grid n- n- tuples of key on the display window of the display device, the n- tuple key means coupled to the attribute data set to be searched. If the data set that one search object selected and n- grid is created and displayed, the user can select one using the pointing device or more grid elements or n- tuple. Then, the selected grid element is converted to a search query term is applied to the data set, the data entry has been collected that matches the search query or search query term that includes is displayed on the second window allows the user to view. And the method including solidifying a query by driving the cursor jeongmyo jeongmyo development process according to each grid element by using a magnifying glass in the active window is coupled to the hot corner or grid cursor techniques. A combination of tuples selected in jeongmyo development process in three dimensions, the screen grid composed jeongmyo all duplo containing n- tuple of the original n- grid is generated and displayed.


On- and off-state characteristics of the LIGBT with dual-epi structure is presented. Trenched anode structure is employed to obtain uniform current flowlines, and shorted anode structure also employed to prevent the fast latch-up. The breakdown voltage of the proposed LIGBT with T/sub 1/=T/sub 2/= 2.5 /spl mu/m and N/sub 1/ = 7 /spl times/ 10/sup 15/ / cm/sup 3/ , N/sub 2/ =3 /spl times/ 10/sup 15//cm/sup 3/ is 125 V. SOA (safe operating area) of the proposed LIGBT is larger than that of the conventional one.


Flax fibre and stem were subjected to microwave drying at controlled temperatures. The rate of drying was then compared with conventional hot air drying. The product temperature was kept at 40, 60 and 80 °C for both microwave and hot air drying. The initial moisture content of flax fibre was about 60 % (wet basis); while for flax stem, it was about 70 % (wet basis). The microwave drying was conducted with a microwave apparatus which records the mass, product temperature, incident microwave power, reflected microwave power and inlet outlet air temperature. The final moisture content for both experiments was set to 9 % (dry basis). The microwave drying ensured about 60 % reduction of drying time for drying flax fibre and straw compared to hot air drying.


Devices are locked and unlocked using biometric security based on eye blinks rather than PINs. On the other hand, using devices in uncontrolled situations makes you extremely vulnerable to spoofing by replay assaults. Stationary facial expression authentication is an instance of a biometric; hackers use the facial images of fictitious individuals to activate devices, leading to unprotected activities and the unintentional disclosure of personal data. In place of static face authentication, we addressed a biometric security system that tracks a person's eye blinking motions as well as their face. The suggested system gets a stream of images as information by instructing the user to follow an eye-blink pattern. The developed scheme then confirms the individual's identity using the proper eye-blink pattern.


This paper looks at the use of direct strategies in the teaching of vocabulary to students of English as a Foreign Language. It will consider the memory, cognitive, and compensation methods. This paper will establish a clear definition of each method and examples of the use of the strategies will be provided throughout. The most powerful thing we can teach is strategic knowledge ; knowledge of the procedures people use to learn, to think, to read, and to write. The most effective way to introduce students to how to use these tools is to model them in the contexts of meaningful tasks and then to assist students in their own use of these strategies. (Wilhelm, n. d)


The medical and lay press have lately written extensively about drug use by pregnant women. Evidence suggests a significant increase in maternal drug use during pregnancy during this decade. In New York City, for example, the proportion of birth certificates indicating maternal illicit substance use tripled between 1981 and 1987.* Prevalence data indicate that, at least in certain hospitals, many women have used illicit drugs within hours of delivery. Anonymous urine toxicology surveys of women in labor and of neonates in several New York City inner-city hospitals revealed 11-20 percent positive for illicit drugs (mostly cocaine/ crack).l'**, *** The medical consequences for mother and infant can be severe. In addition to the well-known roster of ills related to intravenous administration such as hepatitis B, endocarditis, abcesses, etc., illicit drugs have become increasingly associated with sexually transmitted diseases2,3 and AIDS.4 The sequelae for infants can include abstinence symptoms, low birthweight, developmental problems, and increased risk of infant death.5.6 Society has responded to this problem in three different ways: criminal prosecution of the mother; allegations of child neglect against the mother with interruption of maternal custody; and drug treatment. The purpose of this article is to explore each of these policy approaches in an effort to ascertain whether each furthers the goal of reducing drug use during pregnancy and improving maternal and infant health and well-being.


This essay argues that across the span of James Connolly's revolutionary career there was a move from prosecuting revolutionary activity in the sphere of 'the political' or 'political society' to that of 'civil society'. This is exemplified in Connolly's move from organising and running a small Leninist party, the Irish Socialist Republican Party, in the 1890s, to his involvement with the Industrial Workers of the World, and then the Irish Transport and General Workers' Union - radical syndicalist unions - in the early 1900s and in the lead up to 1916. The essay argues that Connolly's move is a crucial element in the matrix of factors that contributed to his ultimate and tragic political failure.


This study deals with ellipsis in Ocean's Eleven movie. The objectives of this study are to describe the types of ellipsis and the cause of ellipsis within the movie. the method of research is library research by reading some books related to this study. The data of this research are divided into 2, the data for research problem no. 1 are taken from conversation that have been chosen from some scenes and the data for research problem no. 2 are taken from transcript of characters of different profession (robbers and entrepreneurs). The technique of analyzing data is documentary technique, for research problem no. 1 the techniques are identifying the data, classifying the data and counting the occurrence of ellipsis and for research problem no.2 the techniques are identifying the data, counting the number of ellipsis by each profession and finding out the cause of ellipsis. The findings of research problem no.1 showed that the three types of ellipsis are used in the movie namely: (1). Nominal ellipsis (34.8%), (2). Verbal ellipsis (2.2%), (3). Clausal ellipsis (63,0%). The findings of research problem no.2 showed that the use of ellipsis by the robbers is about (64%) and the entrepreneur is about (36%). By this finding can be concluded that ellipsis can be caused by one's profession related to the purpose.


In decision-making processes for urban planning and design, evaluation can be considered a relevant tool to build choices, to recognize values, interests and needs, and to explore the different aspects that can influence decisions. Evaluation can be considered a process to integrate approaches, methods and models, able to support the different needs of the decision-making process itself. According to Trochim and Donnelly (2006), it is possible to define a planning-evaluation cycle with various phases requested by both planners and evaluators. The first phase of such a cycle, the so-called planning phase, is designed in order to elaborate a set of potential actions, programs, or technologies, and select the best ones for implementation. The main stages are related to (1) the formulation of the problem, issue, or concern; (2) the broad conceptualization of the main alternatives to be considered; (3) the detailing of these alternatives and their potential implications; (4) the evaluation of the alternatives and the selection of the preferable one; and (5) the implementation of the selected alternative. These stages are considered inherent to planning, but they need a relevant evaluation work, useful in conceptualization and detailing, and in assessing alternatives and making a choice of the preferable one. The evaluation phase also involves a sequence of stages that includes: (1) the formulation of the major goals and objectives; (2) the conceptualization and operationalization of the major components of the evaluation (program, participants, setting, criteria, measures, etc.); (3) the design of the evaluation, detailing how these components will be coordinated; the analysis of the information, both qualitative and quantitative; and (4) the utilization of the evaluation results. Indeed, evaluation is intrinsic to all types of decisionmaking and can take different meanings and roles within decision-making processes, especially if it is related to spatial planning (Alexander, 2006). "Evaluation in planning" or "evaluation within planning" seems to better interpret the concept of planning-evaluation proposed by Lichfield (1996) where the binomial name makes explicit the close interaction and reciprocal framing of evaluation and planning: evaluation is conceived as deeply embedded in planning, affecting planning, and evolving with it (Cerreta, 2010). Indeed, the evolution of evaluation methods reflects their evolving relationship with the planning process and the way in which they interact with the diversity and multiplicity of domains and values. To identify an analytic and evaluative structure able to integrate different purposes and multidimensional values within the decision-making processes means to


When Bernadette Mayer explained in 2006 that her work and the experimental magazine 0 to 9 that she coedited with Vito Acconci moved away from the precious poem with white space around it, set off from other things, she pinpoints a shift not just in what a poem might look like or contain but also a shift in how a poem is made. One way to avoid preciousness was to employ a procedure in the form of permutations, appropriations, algorithmic sequences, catalogues, grids, or indices. Having linguistic or mathematical constraints as the organizing principle was something 0 to 9 contributions shared with minimalist and conceptual sculpture and music. A popular resource for such appropriative procedures was the dictionary. The dictionary appealed to artists working with language and to poets looking for new forms for two related reasons: words in the dictionary always point to words pointing to other words in a linguistic mise-en-abyme and in this way outline a visual field of relations that create a textual grid. These self-referential and recursive gestures became a generative reservoir for artists and writers. 0 to 9 already indicated its interest in recursive structures in the first issue: the title referenced a serial work by Jasper Johns and the cover consisted of stencil paper used for making a mimeograph master copy, signaling the printing technique. 0 to 9 thus worked through other works and showed itself to be the result of reading. This type of work embodies what Craig Dworkin calls dictionary poetics in his new book-length


Objective
To explore the application effect of dynamic case scenario simulation in emergency ability training of new nurses in Department of Neurosurgery.

Methods
A total of 28 nurses newly recruited in 2015 and 2016 to Department of Neurosurgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University were selected. According to time of joining the department, the 15 nurses recruited in 2015 were selected as control group, and the 13 nurses enrolled in 2016 as observation group. Nurses in the control group were trained by stages, i.e. technique training after theory training. On the basis of above mentioned training stages, nurses in the observation group were trained in simulated scenario, with 1 dynamic case added to each training stage. Emergency management ability, self evaluation of the nurses and patients' satisfaction after the training were compared between the two groups.

Results
After the training, scores of ability in disease observation, emergency cooperation and first-aid operation of new nurses in observation group were (27.41±1.32) , (29.59±1.06) and (38.55±1.58) , all higher than those in the control group (t=7.24, 12.26, 10.07; P<0.01) . It was shown in results of self-evaluation that, ability to link theory with reality, to arouse subjective initiative and participation of nurses in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05) . Satisfaction of patients towards nurses in the observation group was 96.15%, higher than 86.00% in the control group (χ2=8.524, P<0.01) .

Conclusions
Trained with method of dynamic case scenario simulation, emergency response ability of new nurses can be improved rapidly in a short time. Also, patients are more satisfied with the nursing. This training management method is worth promoting.

Key words:
Department of Neurosurgery; New nurses; Introduction training; Scenario simulation; Dynamic cases; Emergency ability


This experiment was conducted at a private nursery in Babylon governorate during the growth season of 2007/ 2008 to study the effect of five levels of 6% Fe-EDDHA: 0, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mg.pot-1 on vegetative growth, flowering characteristics, quantity and quality of aromatic essential oil in gardenia plant (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis). The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D.) with three replicates. Least significant differences test (L.S.D.) at a probability level of 5% was used to compare means.
Results revealed that the level 100 mg.pot-1 sequestrene resulted in a significant improvement of vegetative growth characteristics; i.e. (plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, leaf area, shoot dry weight and leaf contents of total chlorophyll), besides a significant increase in leaf carbohydrate and iron content, number of flowers and petals and the quantity of aromatic essential oil and its quality characteristics; i.e. (density and refractive index). The largest amount of aromatic oil was 0.45 mg.g-1 at the level 100 mg.pot1- of chelated iron as compared with the plant without chelated iron which gave the least amount of 0.28 mg.g-1.


The purpose of this study is to find out the learning methods of the Abbasid Caliphate. The research method used is qualitative with a literacy study approach. The results show that the 'ilmiyyah learning method is directed to form a level or type of deep thinking, but it is not allowed to release the spirit of the teaching-learning process in the theme of creation, khashiyyah (characteristics of objects and potential for life), and utilization according to shara' law "axiological aspects". Regarding the techniques, it is obligatory to increase the atmosphere of thinking and linking with facts, such as hands-on practices and laboratory experiments. The format of education during the Abbasid Caliphate, whether formal (madrasas, Sufi dormitories), non-formal (halqahs in mosques or shaikhs' houses), or informal (home education) was part of the technique, so it was dynamic according to the situation and conditions surrounding it.


This paper analyzes the main impediments to the development of our country's private enterprises at the present stage, and points out that transforming the start-ups into managerial enterprises characterized by technological progress and managerial innovation is the only way for making our country's private enterprise develop and grow up smoothly and then move towards the internationalization.


Simultaneous recording of electroencephalographic (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been a new modality in brain imaging. Blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) in fMRI provides sufficient information about the hemodynamics of the brain during changes in the brain metabolism such as in the event of seizure. However, the major drawback of these joint recordings is the destructive effect of the fMRI scanner artifact. Without removal of such artifact the EEG signals cannot be processed. In this paper, an effective method for removal of the scanner artifact has been established by applying blind source extraction (BSE) algorithm followed by the averaging-and-subtraction method. The results have shown that the scanner artifacts have been effectively mitigated


Current limiter for defibrillation pulses, said powered by defibrillation pulse, it switches the current supply path to the open and closed when the excess current condition exists. It said overcurrent condition is sensed by the sense resistor of the current limiter. Current controlled is supplied by the inductor for supplying a current varying from around the predetermined current level during the over-current condition. It said current limiter, said little wasted energy defibrillation pulse, therefore, most of the energy produced by the defibrillator is supplied to the patient.


The invention discloses an isolated type three-port two-way DC/DC converter. A current type full-bridge unit or a current type half-bridge unit is connected with one port of a three-winding transformer, any two same or different voltage type basic topology units in a voltage type full-bridge unit, a voltage type half-bridge unit, a boosting type half-bridge unit and a series resonance type full-bridge unit are connected with the other two winding ports of the three-winding transformer respectively, and accordingly the three-port two-way DC/DC converter based on phase-shifting control is formed. According to the isolated type three-port two-way DC/DC converter, current type basic topology units are introduced, the type of the three-port two-way DC/DC converter is expanded, and the application of the completely-isolated three-port two-way DC/DC converter to various new energy hybrid generating systems and various hybrid energy storage systems is optimized. By means of the synthesized completely-isolated three-port two-way DC/DC converter, power bidirectional flow among the ports can be realized through phase-shifting control, and thus the purpose of energy optimal management is achieved.


Perforating ocular injuries are ''through-and-through'' globe defects with entry and exit sites. This is in contrast to penetrating injuries, which have a point of entry into the globe but no exit wound. The surgical repair of globe perforations is a complex undertaking due to the multiple globe defects, the high rate of associated proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), and the unique challenges of managing the exit wound.